Question: What would be the average total liabilities for 2018 and 2019 if 2018 year end's total liabilities was $175,000 thousands? (in thousand)

def solution():
    # Define variables
    total_liabilities_2019 = 473745
    total_liabilities_2018 = 175000

    # Calculate the average total liabilities for 2018 and 2019
    answer = (total_liabilities_2019 + total_liabilities_2018) / 2

    return answer

||December 31, 2019|December 31, 2018|
||(in thousands)||
|Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities|$2,455,194|$1,969,670|
|Total assets|3,489,479|2,254,785|
|Total liabilities|473,745|164,017|
|Total non-current liabilities|157,363|25,329|
 Key Balance Sheet Information Total assets increased $1,234.7 million as at December 31, 2019 compared to December 31, 2018, principally due to a $485.5 million increase in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities mainly as a result of the public offering in September 2019, which resulted in net proceeds of $688.0 million. Business acquisitions during the year, largely due to the acquisition of 6RS, further impacted total assets through an increase in goodwill of $273.8 million, a $141.2 million increase in intangible assets and a resulting decrease in cash due to the consideration paid. The remainder of the increase is due to: the adoption of the new lease accounting standard, further discussed in the "Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" section below, which resulted in the addition of right-of-use assets totaling $134.8 million as at December 31, 2019; a $58.3 million increase in merchant cash advances and loans receivable; a $49.8 million increase in property and equipment, largely related to leaseholds for our offices; a $49.2 million increase in trade and other receivables largely due to an increase in indirect taxes receivable, unbilled revenue related to subscription fees for Plus merchants, transaction fees and shipping charges; and a $19.4 million increase in deferred tax assets. Total liabilities increased by $309.7 million, principally as a result of the adoption of the new leasing standard, which resulted in $126.8 million of additional lease liabilities related to obtaining right-of-use assets. Accounts payable and accrued liabilities increased by $84.2 million, which was due to an increase in indirect taxes payable, payroll liabilities, and payment processing and interchange fees, partly offset by a decrease in foreign exchange forward contract liabilities. The increase was also due to income taxes payable of $69.4 million driven largely by the one-time capital gain recognized in the period. Deferred tax liabilities increased by $7.6 million, due to the acquisition of 6RS. The growth in sales of our subscription solutions offering, along with the acquisition of 6RS, resulted in an increase of deferred revenue of $21.6 million.


Question: What would be the percentage change in the amount of trade between 2018 and 2019 if the amount of trade in 2019 was $200,000 thousand instead? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    trade_2019 = 200000
    trade_2018 = 166459

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (trade_2019 - trade_2018) / trade_2018 * 100

    return answer

||March 31,||
|(amounts in thousands)|2019|2018|
|Accounts receivable:|||
|Trade|$176,715|$166,459|
|Allowance for doubtful accounts reserve|(1,206)|(1,210)|
|Ship-from-stock and debit (“SFSD”) reserve|(18,862)|(17,362)|
|Returns reserves (1)|(964)|(131)|
|Rebates reserves|(967)|(446)|
|Price protection reserves|(657)|(420)|
|Other|—|(329)|
|Accounts receivable, net (1)|$154,059|$146,561|
 Note 13: Supplemental Balance Sheets and Statements of Operations Detail (1) Fiscal year ended March 31, 2018 adjusted due to the adoption of ASC 606.


Question: What would be the total research and development expenses in 2018 and 2019 if the value of the 2019 expenses is decreased by 10%? (in thousand)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    RnD_2019 = 17845
    RnD_2018 = 22450
    decrease_percentage = 0.1

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    RnD_2019_reduced = RnD_2019 * (1 - decrease_percentage)
    answer = RnD_2018 + RnD_2019_reduced

    return answer

||Years Ended December 31,||Change||
||2019|2018|$|%|
|||(dollars in thousands)|||
|Research and development|$17,845|$22,450|$(4,605)|(21)%|
|Percent of revenues, net|36%|38%|||
 Research and Development Research and development expenses in 2019 decreased by $4.6 million, or 21%, as compared to 2018. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in the number of full-time research and development personnel, resulting in a decrease of $3.1 million in compensation expense and $0.6 million in allocated facilities and information technology costs as compared to 2018. We did not incur restructuring costs in 2019, as compared to 2018 when $0.1 million was incurred as part of the 2018 Restructuring Plan (refer to Note 4 of the accompanying consolidated financial statements). Finally, the decrease was further driven by lower professional fees of $0.6 million, as we reduced the number of research and development contractors as compared to 2018.


Question: What was the percentage change in cash and cash equivalents between 2018 and 2019 if the amount of cash and cash equivalents in 2019 was $7,000 million instead? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    cash_2018 = 4225
    cash_2019 = 7000

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = ((cash_2019-cash_2018)/cash_2018) * 100

    return answer

||At December 31,||
||2019|2018|
|Cash|$437|$268|
|Foreign government treasury bills|37|32|
|Money market funds|5,320|3,925|
|Cash and cash equivalents|$5,794|$4,225|
 4. Cash and Cash Equivalents The following table summarizes the components of our cash and cash equivalents (amounts in millions):


Question: What would be the percentage change in revenue between 2018 and 2019 if the revenue in 2019 is increased by $5,000 thousand? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    revenue_2019 = 10310
    revenue_2018 = 12629
    increase_amount = 5000

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    new_revenue_2019 = revenue_2019 + increase_amount
    percentage_change = ((new_revenue_2019 - revenue_2018) / revenue_2018) * 100

    return percentage_change

||2019|2018|2017|
|Statements of Operations:||||
|Revenue|$10,310|$12,629|$12,149|
|Cost of revenue|4,405|6,295|6,627|
|Gross profit|5,905|6,334|5,522|
|Operating expenses:||||
|Research and development|12,350|9,948|9,572|
|Selling, general and administrative|8,918|9,982|9,900|
|Loss from operations|(15,363)|(13,596)|(13,950)|
|Interest expense|(350)|(108)|(115)|
|Interest income and other expense, net|189|77|21|
|Loss before income taxes|(15,524)|(13,627)|(14,044)|
|(Benefit from) Provision for income taxes|(80)|152|87|
|Net loss|$(15,444)|$(13,779)|$(14,131)|
|Net loss per share: (1)||||
|Basic and diluted|$(2.02)|$(2.16)|$(2.56)|
|Weighted average shares:||||
|Basic and diluted|7,663|6,365|5,521|
 Note: Net loss equals to comprehensive loss for all years presented. (1) Net loss per share and weighted average shares, basic and diluted are adjusted to reflect 1-for-14 reverse stock split effected on December 23, 2019. The accompanying notes form an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (in thousands, except per share amounts)


Question: What is the nominal difference for the fees paid in F19 and F20 to a member in the board if the fees paid in F20 is $300,000?

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    f20_fee = 300000
    f19_fee = 254990

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = f20_fee - f19_fee

    return answer

||CHAIR||MEMBER||
||F19 FEE|F20 FEE|F19 FEE|F20 FEE|
|BOARD AND COMMITTEE FEES ($)|INCL. SUPER|INCL. SUPER|INCL. SUPER|INCL. SUPER|
|Board|$790,531|$790,531|$254,990|$254,990|
|Audit, Risk Management and Compliance Committee|$65,000|$65,000|$32,500|$32,500|
|People Performance Committee|$54,525|$65,000|$27,265|$32,500|
|Sustainability Committee|$45,000|$65,000|$22,500|$32,500|
|Nomination Committee|Nil|Nil|Nil|Nil|
 Non‐executive Director fees are paid from an aggregate annual fee pool of $4,000,000, as approved by shareholders at the AGM on 18 November 2010. Total board and committee fees paid during F19 were $2,859,903 (refer to section 5.1). Non‐executive Directors do not receive variable pay and no Directors’ fees are paid to Executive Directors. In recognition of the equal importance and workload of all of the Board’s Committees, the Board reviewed Non‐executive Director fees and determined to increase Chair and Member fees for the People Performance Committee and Sustainability Committee as detailed in the table below, effective 1 July 2019. The table below provides a summary of F19 and F20 Board and Committee fees:


Question: What is the total IT services and hardware between 2017 to 2019 if the 2017 is half its current value? (in million)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    IT_services_hardware_2019 = 567.4
    IT_services_hardware_2018 = 550.9
    IT_services_hardware_2017 = 385.1

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = IT_services_hardware_2019 + IT_services_hardware_2018 + (IT_services_hardware_2017 / 2)

    return answer

|Year ended December 31,||||
|(dollars in millions)|2019|2018|2017|
|Entertainment and Communications||||
|Products and services transferred at a point in time|$31.7|$25.3|$20.6|
|Products and services transferred over time|942.4|805.8|664.3|
|Intersegment revenue|21.6|22.3|21.2|
|Total Entertainment and Communications|995.7|853.4|706.1|
|IT Services and Hardware||||
|Products and services transferred at a point in time|138.7|142.9|80.8|
|Products and services transferred over time|423.9|404.2|300.0|
|Intersegment revenue|4.8|3.8|4.3|
|Total IT Services and Hardware|567.4|550.9|385.1|
|Total Revenue||||
|Total products and services transferred at a point in time|170.4|168.2|101.4|
|Total products and services transferred over time|1,366.3|1210.0|964.3|
|Total revenue|$1,536.7|$1,378.2|$1,065.7|
 In the first quarter of 2019, the Company determined that certain revenue in the IT Services and Hardware segment associated with nonrecurring projects is better aligned with Infrastructure Solutions, rather than Consulting, where it was previously reported.  As a result, the Company reclassed revenue of $26.6 million and $12.3 million from Consulting to Infrastructure Solutions for the twelve months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  This reclassification of revenue had no impact on the Consolidated Statements of Operations The following table presents revenues disaggregated by contract type


Question: What percentage of total unrealised gains for short-term investments would consist of US treasury securities if total unrealised gains for short-term investments were 200 thousands instead without change to unrealised gains in US treasury securities? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    unrealized_gains_us_treasury_securities = 62
    total_unrealized_gains_short_term_investments = 200

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (unrealized_gains_us_treasury_securities / total_unrealized_gains_short_term_investments) * 100

    return answer

||Amortized Cost|Unrealized Gains|Unrealized Losses|Fair Value|
|Current assets:|||||
|Cash|$67,818|$—|$—|$67,818|
|Cash equivalents:|||||
|Money market funds|126,075|—|—|126,075|
|Corporate bonds|1,000|—|—|1,000|
|Agency bonds|6,485|1|—|6,486|
|Commercial paper|9,609|—|(1)|9,608|
|Certificates of deposit|171|—|—|171|
|US treasury securities|4,749|—|—|4,749|
|Total cash equivalents|148,089|1|(1)|148,089|
|Total cash and cash equivalents|215,907|1|(1)|215,907|
|Short-term investments:|||||
|Corporate bonds|103,130|110|(7)|103,233|
|Agency bonds|3,966|2|—|3,968|
|US treasury securities|50,703|62|(1)|50,764|
|Commercial paper|23,827|1|—|23,828|
|Certificates of deposit|3,936|2|(1)|3,937|
|Asset-backed securities|15,837|12|—|15,849|
|Total short-term investments|201,399|189|(9)|201,579|
|Long-term investments:|||||
|Corporate bonds|19,407|12|(4)|19,415|
|US treasury securities|19,300|25|—|19,325|
|Asset-backed securities|11,693|10|(1)|11,702|
|Strategic investments|9,750|—|—|9,750|
|Total long-term investments|$60,150|$47|$(5)|$60,192|
 5. INVESTMENTS Investments in Marketable Securities The Company’s investments in available-for-sale marketable securities are made pursuant to its investment policy, which has established guidelines relative to the diversification of the Company’s investments and their maturities, with the principal objective of capital preservation and maintaining liquidity sufficient to meet cash flow requirements. The following is a summary of investments, including those that meet the definition of a cash equivalent, as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands):


Question: What would be the change in net income per diluted share between 2018 and 2019 if the value in 2019 was $0.75 instead?

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    net_income_per_diluted_share_2019 = 0.75
    net_income_per_diluted_share_2018 = 0.70

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = net_income_per_diluted_share_2019 - net_income_per_diluted_share_2018

    return answer

|||Fiscal Year Ended||
||December 27, 2019 |December 28, 2018 |December 29, 2017|
|Net income per share:||||
|Basic|$0.82|$0.71|$0.55|
|Diluted|$0.81|$0.70|$0.54|
|Weighted average common shares:||||
|Basic|29,532,342|28,703,265|26,118,482|
|Diluted|30,073,338|29,678,919|27,424,526|
 Note 3 – Net Income per Share The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:


Question: If Realized gains (losses) on maturity and/or partial termination of cross currency swap in 2019 was -50,000 thousands, what would be the change from 2018 to 2019? (in thousand)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    realized_gains_losses_2019 = -50000
    realized_gains_losses_2018 = -42271

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = realized_gains_losses_2019 - realized_gains_losses_2018

    return answer

|||Year Ended December 31,||
||2019|2018|2017|
||$|$|$|
|Realized gains (losses) on maturity and/or partial termination of cross currency swap|—|(42,271)|(25,733)|
|Realized losses|(5,062)|(6,533)|(18,494)|
|Unrealized (losses) gains|(13,239)|21,240|82,668|
|Total realized and unrealized (losses) gains on cross currency swaps|(18,301)|(27,564)|38,441|
 Realized and unrealized losses of the cross currency swaps are recognized in earnings and reported in foreign exchange (loss) gain in the consolidated statements of loss. The effect of the gains (losses) on cross currency swaps on the consolidated statements of loss is as follows: The Company is exposed to credit loss to the extent the fair value represents an asset in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to the foreign currency forward contracts, and cross currency and interest rate swap agreements; however, the Company does not anticipate non-performance by any of the counterparties. In order to minimize counterparty risk, the Company only enters into derivative transactions with counterparties that are rated A- or better by Standard & Poor’s or A3 or better by Moody’s at the time of the transaction. In addition, to the extent possible and practical, interest rate swaps are entered into with different counterparties to reduce concentration risk. (all tabular amounts stated in thousands of U.S. dollars, other than share data and unless otherwise indicated)


Question: What would be the average money market funds if 2018 money market funds was 3,000 €m? (in million)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    money_market_funds_2019 = 9007
    money_market_funds_2018 = 3000

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (money_market_funds_2019 + money_market_funds_2018) / 2

    return answer

||2019|2018|
||€m|€m|
|Cash at bank and in hand|2,434|2,197|
|Repurchase agreements and bank deposits|2,196|–|
|Money market funds1|9,007|2,477|
|Cash and cash equivalents as presented in the statement of financial position|13,637|4,674|
|Bank overdrafts|(32)|(7)|
|Cash and cash equivalents of discontinued operations|–|727|
|Cash and cash equivalents as presented in the statement of cash flows|13,605|5,394|
 19. Cash and cash equivalents The majority of the Group’s cash is held in bank deposits or money market funds which have a maturity of three months or less to enable us to meet our short-term liquidity requirements. Accounting policies Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and call deposits, and other short-term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to a known amount of cash and are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value. Assets in money market funds, whose contractual cash flows do not represent solely payments of interest and principal, are measured at fair value with gains and losses arising from changes in fair value included in net profit or loss for the period. All other cash and cash equivalents are measured at amortised cost. Note: 1 Items are measured at fair value and the valuation basis is level 1 classification, which comprises financial instruments where fair value is determined by unadjusted quoted prices in active markets. The carrying amount of balances at amortised cost approximates their fair value. Cash and cash equivalents of €1,381 million (2018: €1,449 million) are held in countries with restrictions on remittances but where the balances could be used to repay subsidiaries’ third party liabilities.


Question: If the Balance at January 1 in 2019 increases to 7,871, what is the revised average? (in million)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    balance_jan_1_2019 = 7871
    balance_jan_1_2018 = 7031
    balance_jan_1_2017 = 3740

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (balance_jan_1_2019 + balance_jan_1_2018 + balance_jan_1_2017) / 3

    return answer

|($ in millions)||||
||2019|2018|2017|
|Balance at January 1|$6,759|$ 7,031|$3,740|
|Additions based on tax positions related to the current year|816|394|3,029|
|Additions for tax positions of prior years|779|1,201|803|
|Reductions for tax positions of prior years (including impacts due to a lapse of statute)|(922)|(1,686)|(367)|
|Settlements|(286)|(181)|(174)|
|Balance at December 31|$7,146|$ 6,759|$7,031|
 The amount of unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2019 increased by $387 million in 2019 to $7,146 million. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits was as follows: The additions to unrecognized tax benefits related to the current and prior years were primarily attributable to U.S. federal and state tax matters, as well as non-U.S. tax matters, including transfer pricing, credits and incentives. The settlements and reductions to unrecognized tax benefits for tax positions of prior years were primarily attributable to U.S. federal and state tax matters, non-U.S. audits and impacts due to lapse of statute of limitations. The unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2019 of $7,146 million can be reduced by $584 million associated with timing adjustments, U.S. tax credits, potential transfer pricing adjustments and state income taxes. The net amount of $6,562 million, if recognized, would favorably affect the company’s effective tax rate. The net amounts at December 31, 2018 and 2017 were $6,041 million and $6,064 million, respectively.


Question: If Support, maintenance and subscription services in 2019 was 70,000, what would be the average Support, maintenance and subscription services for 2018-2019? (in thousand)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    support_2019 = 70000
    support_2018 = 69068

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (support_2019 + support_2018) / 2

    return answer

|||Year ended March 31,||
|(In thousands)|2019|2018|2017|
|Products|$39,003|$33,699|$38,339|
|Support, maintenance and subscription services|75,496|69,068|63,308|
|Professional services|26,343|24,593|26,031|
|Total|$140,842|$127,360|$127,678|
 Products, Support and Professional Services We are a leading developer and marketer of software enabled solutions and services to the hospitality industry, including: software solutions fully integrated with third party hardware and operating systems; support, maintenance and subscription services; and, professional services. Areas of specialization are point of sale, property management, and a broad range of solutions that support the ecosystem of these core solutions. We present revenue and costs of goods sold in three categories: • Products (hardware and software) • Support, maintenance and subscription services • Professional services Total revenue for these three specific areas is as follows: Products: Products revenue is comprised of revenue from the sale of software along with third party hardware and operating systems. Software sales include up front revenue for licensing our solutions on a perpetual basis. Software sales are driven by our solutions' ability to help our customer meet the demands of their guests and improve operating efficiencies. Our software revenue is also driven by the ability of our customers to configure our solutions for their specific needs and the robust catalog of integrations we offer to third party solutions. Our software solutions require varying form factors of third party hardware and operating systems to operate, such as staff facing terminals, kiosk solutions, mobile tablets or servers. Third party hardware and operating system revenue is typically driven by new customer wins and existing customer hardware refresh purchases. Support, Maintenance and Subscription Services: Technical software support, software maintenance and software subscription services are a significant portion of our consolidated revenue and typically generate higher profit margins than products revenue. Growth has been driven by a strategic focus on developing and promoting these offerings while market demand for maintenance services and updates that enhance reliability, as well as the desire for flexibility in purchasing options, continue to reinforce this trend. Our commitment to exceptional service has enabled us to become a trusted partner with customers who wish to optimize the level of service they provide to their guests and maximize commerce opportunities both on premise and in the cloud. Professional Services: We have industry-leading expertise in designing, implementing, integrating and installing customized solutions into both traditional and newly created platforms. For existing enterprises, we seamlessly integrate new systems and for start-ups and fast-growing customers, we become a partner that can manage large-scale rollouts and tight construction schedules. Our extensive experience ranges from staging equipment to phased rollouts as well as training staff to provide operational expertise to help achieve maximum effectiveness and efficiencies in a manner that saves our customers time and money.


Question: What would be the percentage change in total operating expense between 2018 and 2019 if total operating expense in 2019 was $2,000 thousand instead? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    total_operating_expense_2019 = 2000
    total_operating_expense_2018 = 96

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (total_operating_expense_2019 - total_operating_expense_2018) / total_operating_expense_2018 * 100

    return answer

||Years Ended December 31,||
||2019|2018|
|Sales|$  —|$  —|
|Cost of sales|(901)|(88)|
|Total operating expense|1,022|96|
|Operating income (loss) from discontinued operations|(121)|(8)|
|Other income (expense)|10,895|(24)|
|Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes|10,774|(32)|
|Provision (benefit) for income taxes|2,294|6|
|Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes|$ 8,480|$  (38)|
 Discontinued Operations In December 2015, we completed the wind down of engineering, manufacturing and sales of our solar inverter product line (the "inverter business"). Accordingly, the results of our inverter business have been reflected as “Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations for all periods presented herein. The effect of our sales of the remaining extended inverter warranties to our customers continues to be reflected in deferred revenue in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Deferred revenue for extended inverter warranties and the associated costs of warranty service will be reflected in Sales and Cost of goods sold, respectively, from continuing operations in future periods in our Consolidated Statement of Operations, as the deferred revenue is earned and the associated services are rendered. Extended warranties related to the inverter product line are no longer offered. In May 2019, we divested our grid-tied central solar inverter repair and service operation. In conjunction with the divesture, the initial product warranty for the previously sold grid-tied central solar inverters was transferred to the buyer. Accordingly, a gain of $8.6 million net of tax expense of $2.4 million was recognized in Other income (expense) and Provision (benefit) for income taxes, respectively, in our discontinued operations for the year December 31, 2019. Operating income from discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, also includes the impacts of changes in our estimated product warranty liability, the recovery of accounts receivable and foreign exchange gain or (losses). Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes (in thousands):


Question: If the Guarantee liabilities in December 31, 2019 reduced to 8,137 thousand, what would be the revised change between 2018 and 2019? (in thousand)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    guarantee_liabilities_2019 = 8137
    guarantee_liabilities_2018 = 9434

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = guarantee_liabilities_2019 - guarantee_liabilities_2018

    return answer

||December 31, 2019|December 31, 2018|
||$|$|
|Deferred revenues and gains (note 2)|28,612|31,324|
|Guarantee liabilities|10,113|9,434|
|Asset retirement obligation|31,068|27,759|
|Pension liabilities|7,238|4,847|
|In-process revenue contracts|11,866|17,800|
|Derivative liabilities (note 16)|51,914|56,352|
|Unrecognized tax benefits (note 22)|62,958|40,556|
|Office lease liability – long-term (note 1)|10,254|—|
|Other|2,325|1,325|
||216,348|189,397|
 Other Long-Term Liabilities In-Process Revenue Contracts As part of the Company’s previous acquisition of FPSO units from Petrojarl ASA (subsequently renamed Teekay Petrojarl AS, or Teekay Petrojarl), the Company assumed a certain FPSO contract with terms that were less favorable than the then prevailing market terms. At the time of the acquisition, the Company recognized a liability based on the estimated fair value of this contract and service obligation. The Company is amortizing the remaining liability over the estimated remaining term of its associated contract on a weighted basis, based on the projected revenue to be earned under the contract. Amortization of in-process revenue contracts for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $5.9 million (2018 – $14.5 million, 2017 – $27.2 million), which is included in revenues on the consolidated statements of loss. Amortization of in-process revenue contracts following 2019 is expected to be $5.9 million (2020), $5.9 million (2021) and $5.9 million (2022). (all tabular amounts stated in thousands of U.S. dollars, other than share data and unless otherwise indicated)


Question: What would the percentage change in nondeductible expenses in 2019 from 2018 be if the amount in 2019 was $1,700 thousand instead? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    nondeductible_expenses_2019 = 1700
    nondeductible_expenses_2018 = 1186

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (nondeductible_expenses_2019 - nondeductible_expenses_2018) / nondeductible_expenses_2018 * 100

    return answer

|||Years Ended September 30,||
||2019|2018|2017|
|||(in thousands)||
|Tax expense at U.S. statutory rate|$ 10,992|$  3,124|$  (3,877)|
|State income taxes, net of federal tax effect|1,416|(237)|(923)|
|Nondeductible expenses|1,720|1,186|(185)|
|Change in reserve for tax contingencies|(1,468)|(1,047)|(4,435)|
|Change in deferred tax asset valuation allowance|(10,007)|8,784|17,374|
|Foreign rate differential (1)|2,149|5,684|9,912|
|Tax credits|(4,767)|(2,656)|(3,459)|
|Impact of U.S. Tax Reform|—|(7,053)|—|
|Global Intangible Low-Tax Income|8,182|—|—|
|Stock Based Compensation|(448)|59|16|
|Non-controlling interest in equity arrangements|1,802|99|—|
|Other|1,469|(850)|235|
|Provision for income taxes|$  11,040|$  7,093|$  14,658|
 The reconciliation of income tax computed at the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to income tax expense is as follows: (1) In 2018, we recorded $3.5 million of tax expense related to foreign earnings which were not permanently reinvested prior to the enactment of the U.S. Tax Act. After enactment, certain foreign earnings are taxed at higher statutory rates than the U.S. which results in $2.1 million of incremental tax expense in 2019. In 2017, we provided for deferred taxes on all cumulative unremitted foreign earnings, as the earnings were no longer considered permanently reinvested resulting in a charge of $9.5 million.


Question: If the total prepaid expenses and other current assets in 2018 increased by 500 thousand, what will be the percentage change in total prepaid expenses and other current assets from 2018 to 2019? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    total_prepaid_expenses_2019 = 276455
    total_prepaid_expenses_2018 = 243061
    increase_in_2018 = 500

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    new_total_prepaid_expenses_2018 = total_prepaid_expenses_2018 + increase_in_2018
    percentage_change = (total_prepaid_expenses_2019 - new_total_prepaid_expenses_2018) / new_total_prepaid_expenses_2018 * 100

    return percentage_change

||2019|2018|
|Prepaid expenses|$137,927|$90,981|
|Prepaid income taxes .|47,811|59,319|
|Indirect tax receivables .|29,908|26,327|
|Restricted cash|13,697|19,671|
|Notes receivable (1)|23,873|5,196|
|Derivative instruments (2) .|1,199|2,364|
|Other current assets|22,040|39,203|
|Prepaid expenses and other current assets|$276,455|$243,061|
 Prepaid expenses and other current assets Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following at December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands): (1) In November 2014 and February 2016, we entered into a term loan agreement and a convertible loan agreement, respectively, with Clean Energy Collective, LLC (“CEC”). Our term loan bears interest at 16% per annum, and our convertible loan bears interest at 10% per annum. In November 2018, we amended the terms of the loan agreements to (i) extend their maturity to June 2020, (ii) waive the conversion features on our convertible loan, and (iii) increase the frequency of interest payments, subject to certain conditions. In January 2019, CEC finalized certain restructuring arrangements, which resulted in a dilution of our ownership interest in CEC and the loss of our representation on the company’s board of managers. As a result of such restructuring, CEC no longer qualified to be accounted for under the equity method. As of December 31, 2019, the aggregate balance outstanding on the loans was $23.9 million and was presented within “Prepaid expenses and other current assets.” As of December 31, 2018, the aggregate balance outstanding on the loans was $22.8 million and was presented within “Notes receivable, affiliate.” (2) See Note 9. “Derivative Financial Instruments” to our consolidated financial statements for discussion of our derivative instruments.


Question: What would be the average income from operations in 2018 and 2019 if the value in 2019 decreased by $200 thousand? (in thousand)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    income_from_operations_2019 = 4461
    income_from_operations_2018 = 4973
    decrease_amount = 200

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (income_from_operations_2019 - decrease_amount + income_from_operations_2018) / 2

    return answer

|Year Ended December 31,|||
||2019|2018|
|(In thousands)|||
|Revenues|$36,898|$36,149|
|Income from operations|$4,461|$4,973|
|Income from operations as a % of revenues|12%|14%|
 Europe Europe net revenues increased $749,000 in 2019 compared to 2018 (see “Revenues” above). Europe expenses increased $1.3 million from 2018 to 2019 primarily due to increased marketing costs. Foreign currency movements relative to the U.S. dollar negatively impacted our local currency income from our operations in Europe by approximately $207,000 and $181,000 for 2019 and 2018, respectively.


Question: What is the percentage of borrowings (including interest) that matures over 5 years in the total borrowings in 2019 if the amount maturing over 5 years is now (2,000) million? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    over_5_years = 2000
    old_over_5_years = 1716.1
    total_borrowings_2019 = 5657.8

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    new_total_borrowings = (total_borrowings_2019 - old_over_5_years + over_5_years)
    answer = (over_5_years / new_total_borrowings) * 100

    return answer

||||||2019|
|£m|Within 1 year|1–2 years|2–5 years|Over 5 years|Total|
|Borrowings (including interest)|(249.5)|(1,091.3)|(2,600.9)|(1,716.1)|(5,657.8)|
|Finance lease obligations|(5.3)|(5.3)|(14.3)|(104.8)|(129.7)|
|Other financial liabilities|(15.4)|–|–|(1.2)|(16.6)|
|Net derivative payments|(34.3)|(28.8)|(78.4)|(222.9)|(364.4)|
||(304.5)|(1,125.4)|(2,693.6)|(2,045.0)|(6,168.5)|
|||||||
||||||2018|
|£m|Within 1 year|1–2 years|2–5 years|Over 5 years|Total|
|Borrowings (including interest)|(237.8)|(245.2)|(3,259.1)|(2,408.0)|(6,150.1)|
|Finance lease obligations|(4.4)|(4.4)|(13.4)|(104.8)|(127.0)|
|Other financial liabilities|(6.1)|(1.2)|–|–|(7.3)|
|Net derivative payments|(37.2)|(33.5)|(74.0)|(248.2)|(392.9)|
||(285.5)|(284.3)|(3,346.5)|(2,761.0)|(6,677.3)|
|||||||
 Liquidity risk Liquidity risk is managed to enable the Group to meet future payment obligations when financial liabilities fall due. Liquidity analysis is conducted to determine that sufficient headroom is available to meet the Group’s operational requirements and committed investments. The Group treasury policy aims to meet this objective by maintaining adequate cash, marketable securities and committed facilities. Undrawn borrowing facilities are detailed in note 23. The Group’s policy is to seek to optimise its exposure to liquidity risk by balancing its exposure to interest rate risk and to refinancing risk. In effect the Group seeks to borrow for as long as possible at the lowest acceptable cost. Group policy is to maintain a weighted average debt maturity of over five years. At 31 December 2019, the maturity profile of Group debt showed an average maturity of five years (2018: six years). The Group regularly reviews the maturity profile of its borrowings and seeks to avoid concentration of maturities through the regular replacement of facilities and by arranging a selection of maturity dates. Refinancing risk may be reduced by doing so prior to the contracted maturity date. The change in valuation of an asset used as security for a debt facility may impact the Group’s ability to refinance that debt facility at the same quantum as currently outstanding. The Group does not use supplier financing arrangements to manage liquidity risk. The tables below set out the maturity analysis of the Group’s financial liabilities based on the undiscounted contractual obligations to make payments of interest and to repay principal. Where interest payment obligations are based on a floating rate, the rates used are those implied by the par yield curve for the relevant currency. Where payment obligations are in foreign currencies, the spot exchange rate at the balance sheet date is used.


Question: What would the total long-term debt due within one year in 2018 and 2019 be if the amount in 2019 is 875?

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    long_term_debt_2019 = 875
    long_term_debt_2018 = 525

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = long_term_debt_2019 + long_term_debt_2018

    return answer

|FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31|NOTE|WEIGHTED AVERAGE INTEREST RATE AT DECEMBER 31, 2019|2019|2018|
|Notes payable (1)|26|2.03%|1,994|3,201|
|Loans secured by trade receivables|26|2.71%|1,050|919|
|Long-term debt due within one year (2)|22|4.77%|837|525|
|Total debt due within one year|||3,881|4,645|
 Note 21 Debt due within one year (1) Includes commercial paper of $1,502 million in U.S. dollars ($1,951 million in Canadian dollars) and $2,314 million in U.S. dollars ($3,156 million in Canadian dollars) as at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, which were issued under our U.S. commercial paper program and have been hedged for foreign currency fluctuations through forward currency contracts. See Note 26, Financial and capital management, for additional details. (2) Included in long-term debt due within one year is the current portion of lease liabilities of $775 million as at December 31, 2019 and the current portion of finance leases of $466 million as at December 31, 2018.


Question: What were the balance of total assets at March 1, 2018 if other assets were now $20,000 thousand instead? (in thousand)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    prepaid_expenses_and_other_current_assets = 13891
    deferred_income_tax_assets = 32113
    other_assets_new = 20000

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = prepaid_expenses_and_other_current_assets + deferred_income_tax_assets + other_assets_new

    return answer

||Balance at|ASC 606|Balance at|
||February 28, 2018|Adjustments|March 1, 2018|
||Assets|||
|Prepaid expenses and other current assets (1)|$12,000|1,891|$13,891|
|Deferred income tax assets|31,581|532|32,113|
|Other assets (1)|18,829|3,145|21,974|
|||||
||Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity|||
|Deferred revenue|$17,757|2,156|19,913|
|Other non-current liabilities|24,249|5,007|29,256|
|||||
||Stockholders' equity|||
 As a result of the adoption of ASC 606, our deferred product revenues and deferred product costs for the fleet management and auto vehicle finance verticals increased as balances are now amortized over the estimated average in-service lives of these devices. Deferred income tax assets and accumulated deficit increased as a result of the changes made to our deferred product revenues and deferred product costs. The cumulative effect of the changes made to our consolidated balance sheet for the adoption of ASC 606 were as follows (in thousands): (1) Deferred product costs included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets and Other assets amounted to $5.4 million and $6.0 million, respectively, as of March 1, 2018.


Question: What would be the percentage change in plan asset fair value allocated in Canada equity securities between 2018 and 2019 if the percentage accorded in 2019 is doubled and then increased by 5%? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    canada_equity_securities_2019 = 22.3
    canada_equity_securities_2018 = 20.8
    multiplier = 2
    percentage_increase = 5

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (canada_equity_securities_2019 * multiplier + percentage_increase) - canada_equity_securities_2018

    return answer

|As at December 31,|2019|2018|
|Equity securities|||
|Canada|22.3%|20.8%|
|United States|19.8%|12.7%|
|International (other than United States)|14.1%|18.1%|
|Fixed income instruments|||
|Canada|41.2%|45.7%|
|Cash and cash equivalents|||
|Canada|2.6%|2.7%|
 30. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS (cont.) The fair value of the plan assets were allocated as follows between the various types of investments: Plan assets are valued at the measurement date of December 31 each year. The investments are made in accordance with the Statement of Investment Policies and Procedures. The Statement of Investment Policies and Procedures is reviewed on an annual basis by the Management Level Pension Fund Investment Committee with approval of the policy being provided by the Audit Committee.


Question: If the Balance at December 31 in 2019 increases to 7,961, what is the revised average? (in million)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    balance_dec_2019 = 7961
    balance_dec_2018 = 6759
    balance_dec_2017 = 7031

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (balance_dec_2019 + balance_dec_2018 + balance_dec_2017) / 3

    return answer

|($ in millions)||||
||2019|2018|2017|
|Balance at January 1|$6,759|$ 7,031|$3,740|
|Additions based on tax positions related to the current year|816|394|3,029|
|Additions for tax positions of prior years|779|1,201|803|
|Reductions for tax positions of prior years (including impacts due to a lapse of statute)|(922)|(1,686)|(367)|
|Settlements|(286)|(181)|(174)|
|Balance at December 31|$7,146|$ 6,759|$7,031|
 The amount of unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2019 increased by $387 million in 2019 to $7,146 million. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits was as follows: The additions to unrecognized tax benefits related to the current and prior years were primarily attributable to U.S. federal and state tax matters, as well as non-U.S. tax matters, including transfer pricing, credits and incentives. The settlements and reductions to unrecognized tax benefits for tax positions of prior years were primarily attributable to U.S. federal and state tax matters, non-U.S. audits and impacts due to lapse of statute of limitations. The unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2019 of $7,146 million can be reduced by $584 million associated with timing adjustments, U.S. tax credits, potential transfer pricing adjustments and state income taxes. The net amount of $6,562 million, if recognized, would favorably affect the company’s effective tax rate. The net amounts at December 31, 2018 and 2017 were $6,041 million and $6,064 million, respectively.


Question: What is the average contingent rentals for years 2017, 2018 and 2019 if the value in 2017 is 2,500? (in thousand)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    contingent_rentals_2019 = 2255
    contingent_rentals_2018 = 2221
    contingent_rentals_2017 = 2500

    # Do math calculation to get the average
    average_contingent_rentals = (contingent_rentals_2019 + contingent_rentals_2018 + contingent_rentals_2017) / 3

    return average_contingent_rentals

||2019|2018|2017|
|Minimum rentals|$184,587|$184,106|$185,696|
|Contingent rentals|2,255|2,221|2,419|
|Total rent expense|186,842|186,327|188,115|
|Less rental expense on subleased properties|(170,651)|(162,640)|(145,728)|
|Net rent expense|$16,191|$23,687|$42,387|
 As lessee — We lease restaurants and other facilities, which generally have renewal clauses of 1 to 20 years exercisable at our option. In some instances, these leases have provisions for contingent rentals based upon a percentage of defined revenues. Many of our restaurant and other facility leases also have rent escalation clauses and require the payment of property taxes, insurance, and maintenance costs. We also lease certain restaurant and office equipment. Minimum rental obligations are accounted for on a straight-line basis over the term of the initial lease, plus lease option terms for certain locations. The components of rent expense were as follows in each fiscal year (in thousands):


Question: What would be the percentage change in non-current assets between 2018 and 2019 if the amount in 2019 was 1,489,320 thousand? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    non_current_assets_2019 = 1_489_320
    non_current_assets_2018 = 1_392_710

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = ((non_current_assets_2019 - non_current_assets_2018) / non_current_assets_2018) * 100

    return answer

|(in thousands of $)|2019|2018|
|Balance sheet|||
|Current assets|64,507|172,554|
|Non-current assets|1,300,065|1,392,710|
|Current liabilities|(496,029)|(278,728)|
|Non-current liabilities|(418,578)|(842,786)|
 Summarized financial information of Hilli LLC The assets and liabilities of Hilli LLC(1) that most significantly impacted our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, are as follows: (1) As Hilli LLC is the primary beneficiary of the Hilli Lessor VIE (see above) the Hilli LLC balances include the Hilli Lessor VIE.


Question: What would be the total goodwill obtained from acquisitions in 2018 and 2019 if the goodwill from the MCI acquisition is doubled and then decreased by $50,000? (in thousand)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    goodwill_beginning = 3178
    golden_ridge_acquisition = 3178
    mgi_acquisition = 737

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = goodwill_beginning + (mgi_acquisition * 2) - 50

    return answer

|Year Ended December 31|||
||2019|2018|
|Goodwill, beginning of period|$       3,178|$           -|
|Golden Ridge acquisition|-|3,178|
|MGI acquistion|737|-|
|Goodwill, end of period|$3,915|$3,178|
 NOTE 9. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLES A summary of goodwill activity follows (in thousands).


Question: What would be the change in the Net actuarial loss for Other Benefits between 2018 and 2019 if the Net actuarial loss in 2019 was -$100 thousand instead?

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    net_actuarial_loss_2019 = -100
    net_actuarial_loss_2018 = -879

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = net_actuarial_loss_2019 - net_actuarial_loss_2018

    return answer

||Pension||Other Benefits||
||2019|2018|2019|2018|
|Net actuarial loss (gain)|$16,864|$15,691|$(793)|$(879)|
|Prior service cost|1,325|1,413|—|—|
|Accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss|$18,189|$17,104|$(793)|$(879)|
 Amounts recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at March 31, 2019 and 2018 consist of the following (amounts in thousands): Although not reflected in the table above, the tax effect on the pension balances was $2.4 million and $2.3 million as of March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.


Question: In fiscal year ended June 30, 2019, what would be the difference in the weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding between the basic and the diluted if number of basic shares outstanding increased by 50,000 thousand with diluted shares constant?

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    basic_shares_outstanding = 238611
    increase_in_basic_shares = 50000

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (increase_in_basic_shares + basic_shares_outstanding) - basic_shares_outstanding

    return answer

||Fiscal Year Ended June 30,|||
||2019|2018|2017|
|||(U.S. $ in thousands, except per share data)||
|||*As Adjusted|*As Adjusted|
|Numerator:||||
|Net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders|$(637,621)|$(113,432)|$(37,449)|
|Denominator:||||
|Weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding—basic|238,611|231,184|222,224|
|Weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding—diluted|238,611|231,184|222,224|
|Net loss per share attributable to ordinary shareholders:||||
|Basic net loss per share|$(2.67)|$(0.49)|$(0.17)|
|Diluted net loss per share|$(2.67)|$(0.49)|$(0.17)|
 17. Earnings Per Share Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net income attributable to ordinary shareholders by the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by giving effect to all potential weighted-average dilutive shares. The dilutive effect of outstanding awards is reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method. A reconciliation of the calculation of basic and diluted loss per share is as follows: * As adjusted to reflect the impact of the full retrospective adoption of IFRS 15. See Note 2 for further details. For fiscal years ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 , 9.6 million, 12.8 million and 13.8 million, respectively of potentially anti-dilutive shares were excluded from the computation of net loss per share.


Question: What would the percentage change in Issuance of shares under employee stock plans in 2019 from 2018 be if the amount in 2019 was $12,000 thousand instead? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    issuance_2019 = 12000
    issuance_2018 = 10574

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (issuance_2019 - issuance_2018) / issuance_2018 * 100

    return answer

||Fiscal||
||2019|2018|
|Net cash provided by operating activities|$181,401|$236,111|
|Purchases of property and equipment|(83,283)|(90,757)|
|Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired|(18,881)|(45,448)|
|Proceeds from sale of discontinued operation (the Hull Business)|—|25,000|
|Proceeds from sales of other entities|—|6,250|
|Borrowings, net of repayments|263|(173,252)|
|Issuance of shares under employee stock plans|11,811|10,574|
|Repurchase of common stock|(77,410)|(100,000)|
|Net settlement of restricted common stock|(15,179)|(36,320)|
 Sources and Uses of Cash Historically, our primary source of cash has been provided by operations. Other sources of cash in the past three fiscal years include proceeds from our Euro Term Loan used to finance our acquisition of Rofin, proceeds received from the sale of our stock through our employee stock purchase plan as well as borrowings under our revolving credit facility (‘‘Revolving Credit Facility’’). Our historical uses of cash have primarily been for acquisitions of businesses and technologies, the repurchase of our common stock, capital expenditures and debt issuance costs. Supplemental information pertaining to our historical sources and uses of cash is presented as follows and should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and notes thereto (in thousands): Net cash provided by operating activities decreased by $54.7 million in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018. The decrease in cash provided by operating activities in fiscal 2019 was primarily due to lower net income and lower cash flows from income taxes payable and deferred taxes, partially offset by higher cash flows from accounts receivable, inventories, deferred revenue and accrued payroll. We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and short term investments combined with cash to be provided by operating activities and amounts available under our Revolving Credit Facility will be adequate to cover our working capital needs and planned capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months to the extent such items are known or are reasonably determinable based on current business and market conditions. However, we may elect to finance certain of our capital expenditure requirements through other sources of capital. We continue to follow our strategy to further strengthen our financial position by using available cash flow to fund operations.


Question: If the research and development expenses in 2018  was 7163 million instead, how much more would the research and development expenses in 2018 have been compared to 2019? (in million)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    research_expense_2018 = 7163
    research_expense_2019 = 5063

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = research_expense_2018 - research_expense_2019

    return answer

|Year Ended May 31,|||||
||||Percent Change||
|(Dollars in millions)|2019|Actual|Constant|2018|
|Research and development (1)|$5,063|-2%|0%|$5,163|
|Stock-based compensation|963|5%|5%|921|
|Total expenses|$6,026|-1%|0%|$6,084|
|% of Total Revenues|15%|||15%|
 Research and Development Expenses: research and development expenses consist primarily of personnel related expenditures. We intend to continue to invest significantly in our research and development efforts because, in our judgment, they are essential to maintaining our competitive position. (1) Excluding stock-based compensation On a constant currency basis, total research and development expenses were flat in fiscal 2019, as lower employee related expenses including lower variable compensation were offset by an increase in stock-based compensation expenses .


Question: If Net deferred tax assets for 2019 was $208.3(in millions) instead, What is the percentage change of Net deferred tax assets from 2018 to 2019? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    net_deferred_tax_assets_2019 = 208.3
    net_deferred_tax_assets_2018 = 150.0

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = ((net_deferred_tax_assets_2019 - net_deferred_tax_assets_2018) / net_deferred_tax_assets_2018) * 100

    return answer

||December 31,||
|(In millions)|2019|2018|
|Accruals not yet deductible for tax purposes|$ 17.4|$ 17.5|
|Net operating loss carryforwards|245.9|265.5|
|Foreign, federal and state credits|8.4|10.4|
|Employee benefit items|79.5|77.0|
|Capitalized expenses|32.2|8.9|
|Intangibles|21.8|—|
|Derivatives and other|47.7|38.0|
|Sub-total deferred tax assets|452.9|417.3|
|Valuation allowance|(197.6)|(218.4)|
|Total deferred tax assets|$ 255.3|$ 198.9|
|Depreciation and amortization|$ (37.0)|$ (26.8)|
|Unremitted foreign earnings|(10.0)|—|
|Intangible assets|—|(21.7)|
|Other|(0.4)|(0.4)|
|Total deferred tax liabilities|(47.4)|(48.9)|
|Net deferred tax assets|$ 207.9|$ 150.0|
 Deferred tax assets (liabilities) consist of the following: A valuation allowance has been provided based on the uncertainty of utilizing the tax benefits, mainly related to the following deferred tax assets: • $183.4 million of foreign items, primarily net operating losses; and • $7.7 million of state tax credits. For the year ended December 31, 2019, the valuation allowance decreased by $20.8 million. This is primarily driven by our Reinvent SEE initiatives and decreases in foreign tax rates. As of December 31, 2019, we have foreign net operating loss carryforwards of $899.4 million expiring in years beginning in 2020 with the majority of losses having an unlimited carryover. The state net operating loss carryforwards totaling $569.3 million expire in various amounts over 1 to 19 years.


Question: What would be the percentage change in total stock-based compensation expense, net of tax between 2017 and 2018 if total stock-based compensation expense in 2018 was $7,000 thousand instead? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    stock_expense_2017 = 5734
    stock_expense_2018 = 7000

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = ((stock_expense_2018 - stock_expense_2017) / stock_expense_2017) * 100

    return answer

|(In thousands)|2019|2018|2017|
|Stock-based compensation expense included in cost of sales|$369|$418|$379|
|Selling, general and administrative expense|3,889|3,989|4,063|
|Research and development expense|2,704|2,748|2,991|
|Stock-based compensation expense included in operating expenses|6,593|6,737|7,054|
|Total stock-based compensation expense|6,962|7,155|7,433|
|Tax benefit for expense associated with non-qualified options, PSUs, RSUs and restricted stock|(1,659)|(1,432)|(1,699)|
|Total stock-based compensation expense, net of tax|$5,303|$5,723|$5,734|
 Note 4 – Stock-Based Compensation Stock Incentive Program Descriptions In January 2006, the Board of Directors adopted the ADTRAN, Inc. 2006 Employee Stock Incentive Plan (the “2006 Plan”), which authorized 13.0 million shares of common stock for issuance to certain employees and officers through incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, RSUs and restricted stock. The 2006 Plan was adopted by stockholder approval at our annual meeting of stockholders held in May 2006. Options granted under the 2006 Plan typically become exercisable beginning after one year of continued employment, normally pursuant to a four-year vesting schedule beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date and had a ten-year contractual term. The 2006 Plan was replaced in May 2015 by the ADTRAN, Inc. 2015 Employee Stock Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”). Expiration dates of options outstanding as of December 31, 2019 under the 2006 Plan range from 2020 to 2024. In January 2015, the Board of Directors adopted the 2015 Plan, which authorized 7.7 million shares of common stock for issuance to certain employees and officers through incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, PSUs, RSUs and restricted stock. The 2015 Plan was adopted by stockholder approval at our annual meeting of stockholders held in May 2015. PSUs, RSUs and restricted stock granted under the 2015 Plan reduce the shares authorized for issuance under the 2015 Plan by 2.5 shares of common stock for each share underlying the award. Options granted under the 2015 Plan typically become exercisable beginning after one year of continued employment, normally pursuant to a four-year vesting schedule beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date and have a ten-year contractual term. Expiration dates of options outstanding as of December 31, 2019 under the 2015 Plan range from 2025 to 2026. Our stockholders approved the 2010 Directors Stock Plan (the “2010 Directors Plan”) in May 2010, under which 0.5 million shares of common stock have been reserved for issuance. This plan replaced the 2005 Directors Stock Option Plan. Under the 2010 Directors Plan, the Company may issue stock options, restricted stock and RSUs to our non-employee directors. Stock awards issued under the 2010 Directors Plan become vested in full on the first anniversary of the grant date. Options issued under the 2010 Directors Plan had a ten-year contractual term. All remaining options under the 2010 Directors Plan expired in 2019. The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense related to stock options, PSUs, RSUs and restricted stock for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, which was recognized as follows:


Question: What would the debts to assets ratio in 2019 be if the total liabilities in 2019 was 70,000 thousand instead?

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    total_liabilities = 70000
    total_assets = 226067

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = total_liabilities / total_assets

    return answer

|FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE SUMMARY|2019  $’000|2018  $’000 RESTATED|CHANGE|
|Current assets|75,460|91,457|(18%)|
|Non-current assets|150,607|147,234|2%|
|Total assets|226,067|238,691|(5%)|
|Current liabilities|34,555|43,336|(20%)|
|Non-current liabilities|34,348|31,418|9%|
|Total liabilities|68,903|74,754|(8%)|
|Net assets|157,164|163,937|(4%)|
|Equity|157,164|163,937|(4%)|
 Statement of financial position Net assets have decreased to $157,164,000 at 30 June 2019 from $163,937,000 at 30 June 2018. Current assets have decreased from 30 June 2018 by 18% to $75,460,000. This is driven by a reduction in cash assets, a result of continued investment in technology and further investment in iMoney. The current component of the trail commission asset is $25,626,000, which increased by 16% since 30 June 2018. Non-current assets have increased from 30 June 2018 by 2% to $150,607,000 which is largely due to higher non-current trail commission asset partially offset by capital asset writeoffs and Home Loans Goodwill impairment. The non-current component of the trail commission asset is $88,452,000 which increased by 9% since 30 June 2018, mainly due to sales volume and partner mix. Current liabilities decreased from 30 June 2018 to 30 June 2019 by 20% to $34,555,000 primarily due to payments to suppliers in addition to trade related payable balances post 30 June 2018. Non-current liabilities have increased by 9% ending on $34,348,000. This relates to an increase in lease liabilities and deferred tax liabilities.


Question: If the term loan for fiscal year 2021-2022 is the same as that for 2020, what is the amount of notes for fiscal years 2021-2024? (in million)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    notes_2020 = 57.3
    notes_2023_2024 = 422.3

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = notes_2020 + notes_2023_2024

    return answer

||Total|Fiscal year 2020|Fiscal years 2021-2022|Fiscal years 2023-2024|Thereafter|
||||(in millions)|||
|Notes|$1,898.3|$57.3|$541.7|$422.3|$877.0|
|Term loan|533.8|18.0|515.8|—|—|
|Operating lease obligations|409.8|75.4|115.3|92.1|127.0|
|Purchase obligations|82.7|47.8|17.0|11.7|6.2|
|Deferred compensation obligations|60.3|5.0|9.2|8.8|37.3|
|Pension obligations|25.5|2.4|4.6|4.6|13.9|
|Asset retirement obligations|10.4|6.7|1.1|1.2|1.4|
|Total (1)|$3,020.8|$212.6|$1,204.7|$540.7|$1,062.8|
 CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS The following table summarizes our significant financial contractual obligations at January 31, 2019, and the effect such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows in future periods. (1) This table generally excludes amounts already recorded on the balance sheet as current liabilities, certain purchase obligations as discussed below, long term deferred revenue, and amounts related to income tax liabilities for uncertain tax positions, since we cannot predict with reasonable reliability the timing of cash settlements to the respective taxing authorities (see Part II, Item 8, Note 5, “Income Taxes” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements). Notes consist of the Notes issued in December 2012, June 2015 and June 2017. See Part II, Item 8, Note 8, "Borrowing Arrangements," in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.. Term loan consists of the Term Loan Agreement entered into on December 17, 2018 as described above. Operating lease obligations consist primarily of obligations for facilities, net of sublease income, computer equipment and other equipment leases Purchase obligations are contractual obligations for purchase of goods or services and are defined as agreements that are enforceable and legally binding on Autodesk and that specify all significant terms, including: fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased; fixed, minimum, or variable price provisions; and the approximate timing of the transaction. Purchase obligations relate primarily to enterprise subscription agreements, IT infrastructure costs, and marketing costs Deferred compensation obligations relate to amounts held in a rabbi trust under our non-qualified deferred compensation plan. See Part II, Item 8, Note 7, “Deferred Compensation,” in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding this plan. Pension obligations relate to our obligations for pension plans outside of the U.S. See Part II, Item 8, Note 15, “Retirement Benefit Plans,” in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding these obligations. Asset retirement obligations represent the estimated costs to bring certain office buildings that we lease back to their original condition after the termination of the lease Purchase orders or contracts for the purchase of supplies and other goods and services are not included in the table above. We are not able to determine the aggregate amount of such purchase orders that represent contractual obligations, as purchase orders may represent authorizations to purchase rather than binding agreements. Our purchase orders are based on our current procurement or development needs and are fulfilled by our vendors within short time horizons. We do not have significant agreements for the purchase of supplies or other goods specifying minimum quantities or set prices that exceed our expected requirements for three months. In addition, we have certain software royalty commitments associated with the shipment and licensing of certain products. The expected timing of payment of the obligations discussed above is estimated based on current information. Timing of payments and actual amounts paid may be different depending on the time of receipt of goods or services or changes to agreed upon amounts for some obligations. We provide indemnifications of varying scopes and certain guarantees, including limited product warranties. Historically, costs related to these warranties and indemnifications have not been significant, but because potential future costs are highly variable, we are unable to estimate the maximum potential impact of these guarantees on our future results of operations


Question: If the CFO target total pay increases by 10% in 2020, what will be the revised difference? (in million)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    CEO_target_total_pay = 6043
    CFO_target_total_pay = 3869
    increase_percentage = 0.1

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = CEO_target_total_pay - (CFO_target_total_pay * (1 + increase_percentage))

    return answer

||Alan Jope CEO €'000 p.a.||Graeme Pitkethly CFO €'000 p.a.||
||2019|2020|2019|2020|
|Fixed Pay|1,450|1,508|1,103|1,136|
|Annual Bonus|2,175|2,262|1,323|1,363|
|MCIP* Match share award|2,186|2,273|1,330|1,370|
|Target Total Pay|5,811|6,043|3,756|3,869|
|Personal MCIP* Investment in|67%|67%|67%|67%|
|Unilever shares|1,457|1,516|886|913|
 Executive Director Fixed Pay increases The Committee has approved Fixed Pay increases of 4% for the CEO and 3% for the CFO, effective from 1 January 2020. This is in line with the average increase awarded to the wider Unilever workforce in 2019 of 3.6%. These increases were awarded to recognise the strong leadership of both individuals in 2019, which was Alan Jope’s first year in the CEO role and a year of transformation for Unilever generally. We also wanted to recognise Graeme Pitkethly’s seniority in his role, coming into his 5th year as CFO. When our CEO Alan Jope was appointed on 1 January 2019 he was appointed with Fixed Pay 14% below that of what the Committee proposed for his predecessor and at the lower quartile of our remuneration benchmarking peer group, despite Unilever being one of the largest companies in this peer group. This positioning was intentional, given Alan’s internal promotion on appointment. However, subject to Alan’s continuing good performance the Committee will, over time, continue to review his Fixed Pay positioning and progress this towards the market median benchmark. * MCIP at maximum (67%) investment of bonus.


Question: What would be the proportion of cash charges that have resulted or will result in cash outflows over total consolidated pre-tax expenses if the total consolidated pre-tax expenses were $200 million?

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    cash_charges = 163.5
    total_consolidated_expenses = 200

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = cash_charges / total_consolidated_expenses

    return answer

||International|Pinnacle Foods|Corporate|Total|
|Other cost of goods sold|$—|$3.7|$—|$3.7|
|Total cost of goods sold .|—|3.7|—|3.7|
|Severance and related costs|0.7|0.6|110.8|112.1|
|Accelerated depreciation|—|—|4.7|4.7|
|Contract/lease termination .|—|0.8|0.3|1.1|
|Consulting/professional fees .|0.2|—|38.1|38.3|
|Other selling, general and administrative expenses .|0.1|—|8.2|8.3|
|Total selling, general and administrative expenses|1.0|1.4|162.1|164.5|
|Consolidated total|$1.0|$5.1|$162.1|$168.2|
 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued) Fiscal Years Ended May 26, 2019, May 27, 2018, and May 28, 2017 (columnar dollars in millions except per share amounts)  During fiscal 2019, we recognized the following pre-tax expenses for the Pinnacle Integration Restructuring Plan: Included in the above results are $163.5 million of charges that have resulted or will result in cash outflows and $4.7 million in non-cash charges.


Question: If the Net income (loss) in 2019 reduced to (14,047 thousand) what would be the increase/ (decrease) in Net income (loss) from 2018 to 2019? (in thousand)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    net_income_loss_2019 = -14047
    net_income_loss_2018 = -50571

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = net_income_loss_2019 - net_income_loss_2018

    return answer

||||Year Ended December 31,|
|(In thousands, unaudited)|2019|2018|2017|
|Net income (loss)|$ (19,931)|$ (50,571)|$ 65,299|
|Add (subtract):||||
|Interest expense, net of interest income|136,660|134,578|129,786|
|Income tax benefit|(3,714)|(24,127)|(124,927)|
|Depreciation and amortization|381,237|432,668|291,873|
|EBITDA|494,252|492,548|362,031|
|Adjustments to EBITDA:||||
|Other, net (1)|(8,847)|549|19,314|
|Investment distributions (2)|35,809|39,078|29,993|
|Gain on extinguishment of debt|(4,510)|—|—|
|Non-cash, stock-based compensation|6,836|5,119|2,766|
|Adjusted EBITDA|$ 523,540|$ 537,294|$ 414,104|
 Non-GAAP Measures In addition to the results reported in accordance with US GAAP, we also use certain non-GAAP measures such as EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA to evaluate operating performance and to facilitate the comparison of our historical results and trends. These financial measures are not a measure of financial performance under US GAAP and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for net income as a measure of performance and net cash provided by operating activities as a measure of liquidity. They are not, on their own, necessarily indicative of cash available to fund cash needs as determined in accordance with GAAP. The calculation of these non-GAAP measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies. Reconciliations of these non-GAAP measures to the most directly comparable financial measures presented in accordance with GAAP are provided below. EBITDA is defined as net earnings before interest expense, income taxes, and depreciation and amortization. Adjusted EBITDA is comprised of EBITDA, adjusted for certain items as permitted or required under our credit facility as described in the reconciliations below. These measures are a common measure of operating performance in the telecommunications industry and are useful, with other data, as a means to evaluate our ability to fund our estimated uses of cash. The following tables are a reconciliation of net income (loss) to adjusted EBITDA for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017: (1) Other, net includes the equity earnings from our investments, dividend income, income attributable to noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries, acquisition and transaction related costs including integration and severance, non-cash pension and post-retirement benefits and certain other miscellaneous items. (2) Includes all cash dividends and other cash distributions received from our investments.


Question: What would be the percentage change in the perpetual license support ARR from 2018 to 2019, if the perpetual license support ARR for 2019 was $69 million instead? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    perpetual_license_support_ARR_2019 = 69
    perpetual_license_support_ARR_2018 = 66.7

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (perpetual_license_support_ARR_2019 - perpetual_license_support_ARR_2018) / perpetual_license_support_ARR_2018 * 100

    return answer

||December 31,||
|(in millions, except percentages)|2019|2018|
|Total ARR|$179.5|$162.6|
|Year-over-year percentage increase|10%|20%|
|Subscription ARR|$113.9|$95.9|
|Year-over-year percentage increase|19%|32%|
|Perpetual license support ARR|$65.6|$66.7|
|Year-over-year percentage increase (decrease)|(2)%|6%|
 Annual Recurring Revenue Beginning with the fourth quarter of 2018, we began monitoring a new operating metric, total annual recurring revenue (“Total ARR”), which is defined as the annualized value of all recurring revenue contracts active at the end of a reporting period. Total ARR includes the annualized value of subscriptions (“Subscription ARR”) and the annualized value of software support contracts related to perpetual licenses (“Perpetual license support ARR”) active at the end of a reporting period and does not include revenue reported as perpetual license or professional services in our consolidated statement of operations. We are monitoring these metrics because they align with how our customers are increasingly purchasing our solutions and how we are managing our business. These ARR measures should be viewed independently of revenue, unearned revenue, and customer arrangements with termination rights as ARR is an operating metric and is not intended to be combined with or replace those items. ARR is not an indicator of future revenue and can be impacted by contract start and end dates and renewal rates. ARR metrics as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows (unaudited):


Question: What would the change in U.S. Income before income taxes in 2019 from 2018 if the amount in 2019 was $193,000 thousand instead? (in thousand)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    us_income_2019 = 193000
    us_income_2018 = 189691

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = us_income_2019 - us_income_2018

    return answer

||2019|2018|2017|
|||(in thousands)||
|Income before income taxes||||
|U.S|$192,442|$189,691|$76,699|
|Non-U.S|333,330|278,110|447,713|
||$525,772|$467,801|$524,412|
|Provision (benefit) for income taxes||||
|Current:||||
|U.S. Federal|$19,297|$(59,122)|$162,679|
|Non-U.S|52,810|45,083|64,313|
|State|(4,347)|1,721|2,623|
||67,760|(12,318)|229,615|
|Deferred:||||
|U.S. Federal|(4,522)|29,252|43,687|
|Non-U.S|(8,007)|(1,243)|(6,476)|
|State|3,073|331|(106)|
||(9,456)|28,340|37,105|
|Total provision for income taxes|$58,304|$16,022|$266,720|
 S. INCOME TAXES The components of income (loss) before income taxes and the provision (benefit) for income taxes as shown in the consolidated statements of operations were as follows: Income tax expense for 2019, 2018 and 2017 totaled $58.3 million, $16.0 million and $266.7 million, respectively. The effective tax rate for 2019, 2018 and 2017 was 11.1%, 3.4% and 50.9%, respectively. On December 22, 2017, the U.S. enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Reform Act”), making significant changes to the Internal Revenue Code. The Tax Reform Act has significant direct and indirect implications for accounting for income taxes under ASC 740, “Accounting for Income Taxes” some of which could not be calculated with precision until further clarification and guidance was made available from tax authorities, regulatory bodies or the FASB. In light of this uncertainty, on December 22, 2017 the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 118, “Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act,” to address uncertainty in the application of U.S. GAAP when the registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail to complete the accounting for certain income tax effects of the Tax Reform Act. In accordance with SAB 118, Teradyne recorded $186.0 million of additional income tax expense in the fourth quarter of 2017 which represented Teradyne’s best estimate of the impact of the Tax Reform Act in accordance with Teradyne’s understanding of the Tax Reform Act and available guidance as of that date. The $186.0 million was primarily composed of expense of $161.0 million related to the one-time transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings, $33.6 million of expense related to the remeasurement of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the rates at which they are expected to reverse in the future, and a benefit of $10.3 million associated with the impact of correlative adjustments on uncertain tax positions. In accordance with the requirements of SAB 118, in the fourth quarter of 2018, Teradyne completed its analysis of the effect of the Tax Reform Act based on the application of the most recently available guidance as of December 31, 2018 and recorded $49.5 million of net income tax benefit. The net benefit consisted of $51.7 million of benefit resulting from a reduction in the estimate of the one-time transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings and an expense of $2.2 million associated with the impact of correlative adjustments on uncertain tax positions.


Question: What would the change in the amount for Performance Share Plan from 2018 to 2019 be if the amount in 2019 was 5.7 million instead? (in million)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    performance_share_plan_2019 = 5.7
    performance_share_plan_2018 = 4.7

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = performance_share_plan_2019 - performance_share_plan_2018

    return answer

||2019|2018|
||£m|£m|
|Performance Share Plan|5.1|4.7|
|Employee Share Ownership Plan|1.1|1.0|
|Total expense recognised in Income Statement|6.2|5.7|
 Share-based payments Disclosures of the share-based payments offered to employees are set out below. More detail on each scheme is given in the Annual Report on Remuneration 2019 on pages 102 to 132. The charge to the Income Statement in respect of share-based payments is made up as follows:


Question: What would be the percentage change in the number of shares outstanding at the end of 2018 compared to the start of 2018 if the number of shares outstanding on December 31, 2018, was 1,750,000? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    shares_outstanding_start_2018 = 1368772
    shares_outstanding_end_2018 = 1750000

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = ((shares_outstanding_end_2018 - shares_outstanding_start_2018) / shares_outstanding_start_2018) * 100

    return answer

||Number of Options|Weighted average exercise price|Weighted average remaining contractual life (years)|Aggregate intrinsic value $|
|Outstanding, January 1, 2018|1,368,772|$3.12|||
|Granted – 2018|401,099|$9.27|||
|Exercised – 2018|(165,169)|$3.16|||
|Expired – 2018|(50,002)|$5.48|||
|Outstanding, December 31, 2018|1,554,700|$4.63|3.0||
|Granted – 2019|410,134|$12.28|||
|Exercised – 2019|(251,063)|$3.73|||
|Expired – 2019|(89,550)|$12.55|||
|Outstanding, December 31, 2019|1,624,221|$6.27|2.6|$7,925,643|
|Exercisable, December 31, 2019|1,143,637|$4.39|1.9|$7,197,053|
 NOTE 11 – STOCK COMPENSATION The Company sponsors a stock-based incentive compensation plan known as the 2013 Equity Compensation Plan (the “Plan”), which was established by the Board of Directors of the Company in June 2013. A total of 500,000 shares were initially reserved for issuance under the Plan. The Plan was amended several times since then to eventually increase the authorized shares to 2,500,000 as of December 31, 2019. A total of 1,624,221 shares of common stock underlying options were outstanding at December 31, 2019. The Company had 236,614 remaining shares available to grant under the Plan at December 31, 2019. The Plan allows the Company to grant incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, or restricted stock. The incentive stock options are exercisable for up to ten years, at an option price per share not less than the fair market value on the date the option is granted. The incentive stock options are limited to persons who are regular full-time employees of the Company at the date of the grant of the option. Non-qualified options may be granted to any person, including, but not limited to, employees, independent agents, consultants and attorneys, who the Company’s Board or Compensation Committee believes have contributed, or will contribute, to the success of the Company. Non-qualified options may be issued at option prices of less than fair market value on the date of grant and may be exercisable for up to ten years from date of grant. The option vesting schedule for options granted is determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors at the time of the grant. The Plan provides for accelerated vesting of unvested options if there is a change in control, as defined in the Plan. The compensation cost that has been charged against income related to options for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, was $1,687,745 and $1,317,904, respectively. No income tax benefit was recognized in the income statement and no compensation was capitalized in any of the years presented. The Company had the following option activity during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018: Of the options outstanding at December 31, 2019, 1,143,637 were exercisable with a weighted average contractual life of 1.9 years.


Question: What is the percentage change in accrued incentive compensation from 2018 to 2019 if the value in 2018 is 2,500? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    accrued_incentive_compensation_2019 = 2617
    accrued_incentive_compensation_2018 = 2500

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (accrued_incentive_compensation_2019 - accrued_incentive_compensation_2018) / accrued_incentive_compensation_2018

    return answer * 100

||2019|2018|
|Deferred tax assets:|||
|Accrued defined benefit pension and postretirement benefits|$46,918|$34,776|
|Deferred income|13,803|1,535|
|Impairment|9,981|11,388|
|Accrued insurance|7,133|8,994|
|Share-based compensation|5,415|4,936|
|Tax loss and tax credit carryforwards|5,327|7,458|
|Lease commitments related to closed or refranchised locations|3,786|4,696|
|Deferred interest deduction|3,188|—|
|Other reserves and allowances|2,965|851|
|Accrued incentive compensation|2,617|2,055|
|Accrued compensation expense|1,092|2,034|
|Interest rate swaps|—|181|
|Other, net|868|2,206|
|Total gross deferred tax assets|103,093|81,110|
|Valuation allowance|(2,485)|(3,554)|
|Total net deferred tax assets|100,608|77,556|
|Deferred tax liabilities:|||
|Intangible assets|(10,520)|(10,492)|
|Leasing transactions|(3,822)|(2,790)|
|Property and equipment, principally due to differences in depreciation|(128)|(1,855)|
|Other|(574)|(279)|
|Total gross deferred tax liabilities|(15,044)|(15,416)|
|Net deferred tax assets|$85,564|$62,140|
 The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at each fiscal year-end are presented below (in thousands): The Tax Act was enacted into law on December 22, 2017. The Tax Act included a reduction in the U.S. federal statutory corporate income tax rate (the “Tax Rate”) from 35% to 21% and introduced new limitations on certain business deductions. As a result, for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018, we recognized a year-to-date, non-cash $32.5 million tax provision expense impact primarily related to the re-measurement of our deferred tax assets and liabilities due to the reduced Tax Rate. Deferred tax assets as of September 29, 2019 include state net operating loss carry-forwards of approximately$27.4 million expiring at various times between 2020 and 2038. At September 29, 2019, we recorded a valuation allowance of$2.5 million related to losses and state tax credits, which decreased from the$3.6 million at September 30, 2018 primarily due to the release of the valuation allowance on prior year net operating losses. We believe that it is more likely than not that these net operating loss and credit carry-forwards will not be realized and that all other deferred tax assets will be realized through future taxable income or alternative tax strategies. The major jurisdictions in which the Company files income tax returns include the United States and states in which we operate that impose an income tax. The federal statutes of limitations have not expired for fiscal years 2016 and forward. The statutes of limitations for California and Texas, which constitute the Company’s major state tax jurisdictions, have not expired for fiscal years 2015 and forward.


Question: How much did net interest and investment expense increase over fiscal year ending January 31, 2019 if it was -$40 million in the prior year? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    interest_expense_2019 = 52.1
    interest_expense_prior_year = 40

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (interest_expense_2019 - interest_expense_prior_year) / interest_expense_prior_year * 100

    return answer

|||Fiscal year ended January 31,||
||2019|2018|2017|
|||(in millions)||
|Interest and investment expense, net|$(52.1)|$(34.5)|$(29.7)|
|Gain (loss) on foreign currency|5.1|(3.3)|(3.3)|
|Gain (loss) on strategic investments|12.5|(16.4)|0.3|
|Other income|16.8|6.0|8.5|
|Interest and other expense, net|$(17.7)|$(48.2)|$(24.2)|
 Interest and Other Expense, Net The following table sets forth the components of interest and other expense, net: Interest and other expense, net, positively changed by $30.5 million during fiscal 2019, as compared to fiscal 2018, primarily driven by curtailment gains on our pension plans, mark-to-market gains on certain of our privately-held strategic investments, realized gains on sales of strategic investments, offset by an increase in interest expense resulting from our term loan entered into on December 17, 2018 in aggregate principal amount of $500 million and mark-to-market losses on marketable securities. Interest and other expense, net, increased $24.0 million during fiscal 2018, as compared to fiscal 2017, primarily related to increases in impairment losses on certain of our privately-held strategic investments and interest expense resulting from our June 2017 issuance of $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.5% notes due June 15, 2027. Interest expense and investment income fluctuates based on average cash, marketable securities and debt balances, average maturities and interest rates. Gains and losses on foreign currency are primarily due to the impact of re-measuring foreign currency transactions and net monetary assets into the functional currency of the corresponding entity. The amount of the gain or loss on foreign currency is driven by the volume of foreign currency transactions and the foreign currency exchange rates for the year


Question: What would be the average contractual obligation based on the different term periods of the lease if the contractual obligation that expires in more than 5 years is $300 thousand? (in thousand)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    less_than_1_year = 1830
    one_to_three_years = 4095
    three_to_five_years = 2926
    more_than_five_years_new = 300

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (less_than_1_year + one_to_three_years + three_to_five_years + more_than_five_years_new) / 5

    return answer

||Less than 1 year|1-3 years|3-5 years|More than 5 years|Total|
|Operating lease obligations|$1,699|$3,950|$2,707|$36|$8,392|
|Other borrowings|131|145|219|61|556|
|Total|$1,830|$4,095|$2,926|$97|$8,948|
 Contractual Obligations The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of September 30, 2019 (in thousands): Our principal executive offices, as well as our research and development facility, are located in approximately 29,000 square feet of office space in San Diego, California and the term of the lease continues through June 30, 2024. The average annual base rent under this lease is approximately $1.0 million per year. In connection with this lease, we received tenant improvement allowances totaling approximately $1.0 million. These lease incentives are being amortized as a reduction of rent expense over the term of the lease. Our other offices are located in Paris, France; Amsterdam, The Netherlands; New York, New York; Barcelona, Spain; and London, United Kingdom. The
term of the Paris, France lease continues through July 31, 2021, with an annual base rent of approximately €0.4 million (or $0.4 million). The term of the
Amsterdam, The Netherlands lease continues through December 31, 2022, with an annual base rent of approximately €0.2 million (or $0.2 million). The term of
the New York, New York lease continues through November 30, 2024, with an annual base rent of approximately $0.2 million. The term of the Barcelona, Spain lease continues through May 31, 2023, with an annual base rent of approximately €0.1 million (or $0.1 million). The term of the London, United Kingdom lease continues through May 31, 2020, with an annual base rent of approximately £63,000 (or approximately $78,000). Our other offices are located in Paris, France; Amsterdam, The Netherlands; New York, New York; Barcelona, Spain; and London, United Kingdom. The term of the Paris, France lease continues through July 31, 2021, with an annual base rent of approximately €0.4 million (or $0.4 million). The term of the Amsterdam, The Netherlands lease continues through December 31, 2022, with an annual base rent of approximately €0.2 million (or $0.2 million). The term of the New York, New York lease continues through November 30, 2024, with an annual base rent of approximately $0.2 million. The term of the Barcelona, Spain lease continues through May 31, 2023, with an annual base rent of approximately €0.1 million (or $0.1 million). The term of the London, United Kingdom lease continues through May 31, 2020, with an annual base rent of approximately £63,000 (or approximately $78,000). Other than the lease for our office space in San Diego, California, we do not believe that the leases for our offices are material to the Company. We believe our existing properties are in good condition and are sufficient and suitable for the conduct of its business.


Question: What would be the average amount of revenues in 2018 and 2019 if the value in 2019 decreased by $200 thousand? (in thousand)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    revenue_2019 = 6490
    revenue_decrease = 200
    revenue_2018 = 7859

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    average_revenue = (revenue_2019 - revenue_decrease + revenue_2018) / 2

    return average_revenue

|Year Ended December 31,|||
||2019|2018|
|(In thousands)|||
|Revenues|$6,490|$7,859|
|(Loss) from operations|$(7,488)|$(6,322)|
|(Loss) from operations as a % of revenues|(115)%|(80)%|
 Asia Pacific Asia Pacific net revenues decreased $1.4 million in 2019 compared to 2018 (see “Revenues” above). Asia Pacific expenses decreased $203,000 from 2018 to 2019. This decrease was primarily due to a $503,000 decrease of salary expense, offset partially by a $303,000 increase in member acquisition costs. Foreign currency movements relative to the U.S. dollar negatively impacted our local currency loss from our operations in Asia Pacific by approximately $136,000 for 2019. Foreign currency movements relative to the U.S. dollar positively impacted our local currency loss from our operations in Asia Pacific by approximately $127,000 for 2018.


Question: What would the percentage change in the intensity ratio in 2019 from 2018 be if the ratio in 2019 was 10.0 instead? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    intensity_ratio_2019 = 10.0
    intensity_ratio_2018 = 12.9

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (intensity_ratio_2019 - intensity_ratio_2018) / intensity_ratio_2018 * 100

    return answer

|||Year-ended 31 March 2019|Year-ended 31 March 2018|Year-ended 31 March 2017|
|||tCO2e|tCO2e|tCO2e|
|Scope 1|Combustion of natural gas and operation of owned vehicles|220.9|320.0|251.8|
|Scope 2|Electricity consumption in offices|4,487.2|4,457.3|4,681.9|
|Scope 3|Business travel (air and car)|3,260.9|5,117.4|4,510.9|
|Total||7,969.0|9,894.7|9,444.6|
|Intensity ratio|||||
|tCO2e per $M of billings||10.5|12.9|14.9|
 Greenhouse gas emissions In line with the Companies Act 2006, Sophos is required to measure and report on its Greenhouse Gas (“GHG”) emissions disclosures. These have been calculated for the year-ending 31 March 2019, in line with the Group’s financial year. The calculation of the disclosures has been performed in accordance with Greenhouse Gas Protocol Corporate Standard and using the UK government’s conversion factor guidance for the year reported. The Group’s operations that primarily release GHG includes usage of electricity and gas of owned and leased offices, business travel and usage of vehicles. The Group keeps its data capture process under review, seeking to extend the availability of direct information wherever possible. Where direct information for certain sites is not available, estimates have been developed that enable reporting for them. These estimates are revised if new or improved data is obtained. The Group will continue to build its GHG reporting capabilities. The Group’s chosen intensity ratio is ‘tonnes of CO2 equivalent per million US dollars of billings’ as it aligns with Sophos’ strategic growth ambitions. Creating an environmentally friendly HQ The Group commissioned a greening study of its global headquarters in Abingdon, Oxfordshire. The purpose of the study was to benchmark the current environmental, health and wellbeing performance of the building against current best practice and against direct and indirect competitors. The findings of the study showed that the building performance was consistent with intermediate good practice and the building management was consistent with standard good practice. The study highlighted areas of future improvement. The findings and recommendations of this report will be a key driver for developing best practice in environmental sustainability to match the growth aspirations and objectives of the Company. The Group is endeavouring to achieve the standards in environmental performance, health and wellbeing that is expected of a global technology organisation at the Group’s headquarters.


Question: What would be the total debt obligations as a percentage of total contractual obligations if total debt obligations were $500 million instead while total contractual obligations remained unchanged? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    total_debt_obligations = 500
    total_contractual_obligations = 1206.6

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    answer = (total_debt_obligations / total_contractual_obligations) * 100

    return answer

|||Payments Due by Fiscal Year||||
|Contractual Obligations |Total |2020|2021-2022 |2023-2024 |2025 and
thereafter|
|Debt Obligations (1) |$288.3|$101.2|$12.4|$12.2|$162.5|
|Capital Lease Obligations (2) |49.8|6.7|6.4|2.5|34.2|
|Operating Lease Obligations|40.8|10.4|12.2|8.8|9.4|
|Purchase Obligations (3) |620.0|598.8|20.7|0.4|0.1|
|Repatriation Tax on Undistributed Foreign Earnings (4)|65.1|5.5|11.4|16.3|31.9|
|Other Liabilities on the Balance Sheet (5)|15.0|3.3|4.0|0.6|7.1|
|Other Liabilities not on the Balance Sheet (6) |8.6|1.8|—|1.3|5.5|
|Other Financing Obligations (7) |119.0|4.3|9.0|9.4|96.3|
|Total Contractual Cash Obligations |$1,206.6|$732.0|$76.1|$51.5|$347.0|
 CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS, COMMITMENTS AND OFF-BALANCE SHEET OBLIGATIONS Our disclosures regarding contractual obligations and commercial commitments are located in various parts of our regulatory filings. Information in the following table provides a summary of our contractual obligations and commercial commitments as of September 28, 2019 (dollars in millions): 1) Includes $150.0 million in principal amount of 2018 Notes as well as interest; see Note 4, "Debt, Capital Lease Obligations and Other Financing," in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information. 2) As of September 28, 2019, capital lease obligations consists of capital lease payments and interest as well as the non-cash financing obligation related to the failed sale-leasebacks in Guadalajara, Mexico; see Note 4, "Debt, Capital Lease Obligations and Other Financing," in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information. 3) As of September 28, 2019, purchase obligations consist primarily of purchases of inventory and equipment in the ordinary course of business. 4) Consists of U.S. federal income taxes on the deemed repatriation of undistributed foreign earnings due to Tax Reform. Refer to "Liquidity and Capital Resources" above for further detail. 5) As of September 28, 2019, other obligations on the balance sheet included deferred compensation obligations to certain of our former and current executive officers, as well as other key employees, and an asset retirement obligation. We have excluded from the above table the impact of approximately $2.3 million, as of September 28, 2019, related to unrecognized income tax benefits. The Company cannot make reliable estimates of the future cash flows by period related to these obligations. 6) As of September 28, 2019, other obligations not on the balance sheet consist of guarantees and a commitment for salary continuation and certain benefits in the event employment of one executive officer of the Company is terminated without cause. Excluded from the amounts disclosed are certain bonus and incentive compensation amounts, which would be paid on a prorated basis in the year of termination. 7) Includes future minimum lease payments for two facilities in Guadalajara, Mexico, leased under 10-year and 15-year base lease agreements, both of which include two 5-year renewal options; see Note 4, "Debt, Capital Lease Obligations and Other Financing," in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.


Question: What would the percentage change in interest income in 2019 from 2018 be if the amount in 2019 was $0.2 million instead? (in percent)

def solution():
    # Define variables name and value
    interest_income_2019 = 0.2
    interest_income_2018 = 0.3

    # Do math calculation to get the answer
    percentage_change = ((interest_income_2019 - interest_income_2018) / interest_income_2018) * 100

    return percentage_change

|||Years Ended June 30,||
|($ in millions)|2019|2018|2017|
|Unrealized gains on company owned life insurance contracts and investments held in rabbi trusts|$0.8|$1.5|$1.7|
|Interest income|0.1|0.3|0.3|
|Foreign exchange|(0.4)|(0.7)|(0.4)|
|Pension earnings, interest and deferrals|(0.1)|(2.1)|(23.8)|
|Pension curtailment|—|—|(0.5)|
|Other|0.2|0.2|1.2|
|Total other income (expense), net|$0.6|$(0.8)|$(21.5)|
 18. Other Income (Expense), Net Other income (expense), net consists of the following: