plotting.py

import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import transforms
from matplotlib.colors import LinearSegmentedColormap
import polars as pl
from pyfonts import load_google_font
from scipy.stats import gaussian_kde
import numpy as np

from types import SimpleNamespace
from datetime import date

from data import data_df
from convert import ball_kind_code_to_color, get_text_color_from_color
from stats import filter_data_by_date_and_game_kind, compute_team_games, compute_pitch_stats


mpl.use('Agg')


def get_pitcher_stats(id, lr=None, game_kind=None, start_date=None, end_date=None, min_ip=1, min_pitches=1, pitch_class_type='specific'):
  source_data = data_df.filter(pl.col('ballKind_code') != '-')

  # if start_date is not None:
    # source_data = source_data.filter(pl.col('date') >= start_date)
  # if end_date is not None:
    # source_data = source_data.filter(pl.col('date') <= end_date)
# 
  # if game_kind is not None:
    # source_data = source_data.filter(pl.col('coarse_game_kind') == game_kind)
  source_data = filter_data_by_date_and_game_kind(source_data, start_date=start_date, end_date=end_date, game_kind=game_kind)

  source_data = (
      compute_team_games(source_data)
      .with_columns(
          pl.when(pl.col('half_inning').str.ends_with('1')).then('home_games').otherwise('visitor_games').first().over('pitId').alias('games'),
          pl.col('inning_code').unique().len().over('pitId').alias('IP')
      )
  )

  if min_ip == 'qualified':
    source_data = source_data.with_columns((pl.col('IP') >= pl.col('games')).alias('qualified'))
  else:
    source_data = source_data.with_columns((pl.col('IP') >= min_ip).alias('qualified'))

  if lr is not None:
    source_data = source_data.filter(pl.col('batLR') == lr)

  pitch_stats = compute_pitch_stats(source_data, player_type='pitcher', pitch_class_type=pitch_class_type, min_pitches=min_pitches).filter(pl.col('pitId') == id)

  pitch_shapes = (
      source_data
      .filter(
          (pl.col('pitId') == id) &
          pl.col('x').is_not_null() &
          pl.col('y').is_not_null() &
          (pl.col('ballSpeed') > 0)
      )
      [['pitId', 'general_ballKind_code', 'ballKind_code', 'ballSpeed', 'x', 'y']]
  )

  pitcher_stats = (
      source_data
      .group_by('pitId')
      .agg(
          pl.col('pitcher_name').first(),
          (pl.when(pl.col('presult').str.contains('strikeout')).then(1).otherwise(0).sum() / pl.col('pa_code').unique().len()).alias('K%'),
          (pl.when(pl.col('presult') == 'Walk').then(1).otherwise(0).sum() / pl.col('pa_code').unique().len()).alias('BB%'),
          (pl.col('csw').sum() / pl.col('pitch').sum()).alias('CSW%'),
          pl.col('aux_bresult').struct.field('batType').drop_nulls().value_counts(normalize=True),
          pl.first('qualified')
      )
      .explode('batType')
      .unnest('batType')
      .pivot(on='batType', values='proportion')
      .fill_null(0)
      .with_columns(
          (pl.col('G') + pl.col('B')).alias('GB%'),
          (pl.col('F') + pl.col('P')).alias('FB%'),
          pl.col('L').alias('LD%'),
      )
      .drop('G', 'F', 'B', 'P', 'L')
      .with_columns(
          (pl.when(pl.col('qualified')).then(pl.col(stat)).rank(descending=(stat == 'BB%'))/pl.when(pl.col('qualified')).then(pl.col(stat)).count()).alias(f'{stat}_pctl')
          for stat in ['CSW%', 'K%', 'BB%', 'GB%']
      )
      .filter(pl.col('pitId') == id)
  )

  return SimpleNamespace(pitcher_stats=pitcher_stats, pitch_stats=pitch_stats, pitch_shapes=pitch_shapes)


def get_card_data(id, **kwargs):
  both, left, right = get_pitcher_stats(id, **kwargs), get_pitcher_stats(id, 'l', **kwargs), get_pitcher_stats(id, 'r', **kwargs)
  pitcher_stats = both.pitcher_stats.join(left.pitcher_stats, on='pitId', suffix='_left').join(right.pitcher_stats, on='pitId', suffix='_right')
  pitch_stats = both.pitch_stats.join(left.pitch_stats, on='ballKind_code', how='full', suffix='_left').join(right.pitch_stats, on='ballKind_code', how='full', suffix='_right').fill_null(0)
  return SimpleNamespace(
      pitcher_stats=pitcher_stats,
      pitch_stats=pitch_stats,
      both_pitch_shapes=both.pitch_shapes,
      left_pitch_shapes=left.pitch_shapes,
      right_pitch_shapes=right.pitch_shapes
  )


def plot_arsenal(ax, pitches):
  ax.set_xlim(0, 11)
  x = np.arange(len(pitches)) + 0.5
  y = np.zeros(len(pitches))
  ax.scatter(x, y, c=[ball_kind_code_to_color.get(pitch, 'C0') for pitch in pitches], s=170)
  for i, pitch in enumerate(pitches):
    color = ball_kind_code_to_color.get(pitch, 'C0')
    ax.text(x=i+0.5, y=0, s=pitch, horizontalalignment='center', verticalalignment='center', font=font, color=get_text_color_from_color(color))


def plot_usage(ax, usages):
  left = 0
  height = 0.8
  for pitch, usage in usages.iter_rows():
    color = ball_kind_code_to_color[pitch]
    ax.barh(0, usage, height=height, left=left, color=color)
    if usage > 0.1:
      ax.text(left+usage/2, 0, f'{usage:.0%}', horizontalalignment='center', verticalalignment='center', size=8, font=font, color=get_text_color_from_color(color))
    left += usage
  ax.set_xlim(0, 1)
  ax.set_ylim(-height/2, height/2*2.75)


x_range = np.arange(-100, 100+1)
y_range = np.arange(0, 250+1)
X, Y = np.meshgrid(x_range, y_range)


def fit_pred_kde(data):
  kde = gaussian_kde(data)
  Z = kde(np.concat((X, Y)).reshape(2, -1)).reshape(*X.shape)
  return Z


def plot_loc(ax, locs):
  ax.set_aspect('equal', adjustable='datalim')
  ax.set_ylim(-52, 252)
  ax.add_patch(plt.Rectangle((-100, 0), width=200, height=250, facecolor='darkgray', edgecolor='dimgray'))
  ax.add_patch(plt.Rectangle((-80, 25), width=160, height=200, facecolor='gainsboro', edgecolor='dimgray'))
  ax.add_patch(plt.Rectangle((-60, 50), width=120, height=150, fill=False, edgecolor='yellowgreen', linestyle=':'))
  ax.add_patch(plt.Rectangle((-40, 75), width=80, height=100, facecolor='ivory', edgecolor='darkgray'))
  ax.add_patch(plt.Polygon([(0, -10), (45, -30), (51, -50), (-51, -50), (-45, -30), (0, -10)], facecolor='snow', edgecolor='darkgray'))

  for (pitch,), _locs in locs.sort(pl.len().over('general_ballKind_code'), descending=True).group_by('general_ballKind_code', maintain_order=True):
    if len(_locs) <= 2:
      continue
    
    Z = fit_pred_kde(_locs[['x', 'y']].to_numpy().T)
    Z = Z / Z.sum()

    Z_flat = Z.ravel()
    sorted_Z = np.sort(Z_flat)
    sorted_Z_idxs = np.argsort(Z_flat)
    Z_cumsum = (sorted_Z).cumsum()
    t = Z_flat[sorted_Z_idxs[np.argmin(np.abs(Z_cumsum - (1-0.68)))]]

    ax.contourf(X, Y, Z, levels=[t, 1], colors=ball_kind_code_to_color[pitch], alpha=0.5)
    ax.contour(X, Y, Z, levels=t.reshape(1), colors=ball_kind_code_to_color[pitch], alpha=0.75)


def plot_velo(ax, velos):
  trans = transforms.blended_transform_factory(ax.transData, ax.transAxes)
  for (pitch,), _velos in velos.group_by('general_ballKind_code'):
    if len(_velos) <= 1:
      continue

    violin = ax.violinplot(_velos['ballSpeed'], orientation='horizontal', side='high', showextrema=False)
    for _violin in violin['bodies']:
      _violin.set_facecolor(ball_kind_code_to_color[pitch])
    mean = _velos['ballSpeed'].mean()
    ax.text(mean, 0.5, round(mean), horizontalalignment='center', verticalalignment='center', color='gray', alpha=0.75, font=font, transform=trans)


stat_cmap = LinearSegmentedColormap.from_list('stat', colors=['dodgerblue', 'snow', 'crimson'])


def plot_pitch_stats(ax, stats, stat_names):

  ax.set_aspect('equal', adjustable='datalim')

  # axis_to_data = lambda coords: ax.transData.inverted().transform(ax.transAxes.transform(coords))

  table = mpl.table.Table(ax)
  rows = len(stat_names) + 1
  cols = len(stats) + 1

  cell_height = 1/rows
  cell_width = 1/cols


  for row, stat in enumerate(stat_names, start=1):
    cell = table.add_cell(row=row, col=0, width=cell_width, height=cell_height, text=stat, loc='center', fontproperties=font, edgecolor='white')

  for col, pitch in enumerate(stats['ballKind_code'], start=1):

    color = ball_kind_code_to_color.get(pitch, 'C0')
    cell = table.add_cell(row=0, col=col, width=cell_width, height=cell_height, text=pitch, loc='center', fontproperties=font, facecolor=color, edgecolor='white')
    cell.get_text().set_color(get_text_color_from_color(color))

    _stats = stats.filter(pl.col('ballKind_code') == pitch)
    qualified = _stats['qualified'].item()
    for row, stat_name in enumerate(stat_names, start=1):
      stat = _stats[stat_name].item()
      stat_pctl = _stats[f'{stat_name}_pctl'].item()
      cell = table.add_cell(row=row, col=col, width=cell_width, height=cell_height, text=f'{stat:.0%}', loc='center', fontproperties=font, facecolor=(stat_cmap([0, stat_pctl, 1])[1] if qualified else 'gainsboro'), edgecolor='white')
      if not qualified:
        cell.get_text().set_color('gray')
  ax.add_artist(table)


def plot_pitcher_stats(ax, stats, stat_names):

  ax.set_aspect('equal', adjustable='datalim')

  table = mpl.table.Table(ax)

  cell_height = 1
  cell_width = 1/(len(stat_names)*2)

  qualified = stats['qualified'].item()

  for i, stat_name in enumerate(stat_names):
    stat = stats[stat_name].item()
    stat_pctl = stats[f'{stat_name}_pctl'].item()

    table.add_cell(row=0, col=i*2, width=cell_width, height=cell_height, text=stat_name, loc='center', fontproperties=font, edgecolor='white')
    cell = table.add_cell(row=0, col=i*2+1, width=cell_width, height=cell_height, text=f'{stat:.0%}', loc='center', fontproperties=font, facecolor=(stat_cmap([0, stat_pctl, 1])[1] if qualified else 'gainsboro'), edgecolor='white')
    if not qualified:
      cell.get_text().set_color('gray')
  ax.add_artist(table)


font = load_google_font('Saira Extra Condensed', weight='medium')


def create_pitcher_overview_card(id, season, dpi=300):
  data = get_card_data(id, start_date=date(season, 1, 1), end_date=date(season, 12, 31), game_kind='Regular Season', min_pitches=100, pitch_class_type='general')

  fig = plt.figure(figsize=(1080/300, 1350/300), dpi=dpi)
  gs = fig.add_gridspec(8, 6, height_ratios=[1, 1, 1.5, 6, 1, 3, 1, 0.5])
  title_ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, :])
  title_ax.text(x=0, y=0, s=data.pitcher_stats['pitcher_name'].item().upper(), verticalalignment='baseline', font=font, size=20)
  # title_ax.text(x=1, y=1, s='2021\n-2023', horizontalalignment='right', verticalalignment='top', font=font, size=8)
  title_ax.text(x=0.95, y=0, s=season, horizontalalignment='right', verticalalignment='baseline', font=font, size=20)
  title_ax.text(x=1, y=0.5, s='REG', horizontalalignment='right', verticalalignment='center', font=font, size=10, rotation='vertical')

  arsenal_ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[1, :])
  plot_arsenal(arsenal_ax, data.pitch_stats['ballKind_code'])


  usage_l_ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[2, :3])
  plot_usage(usage_l_ax, data.pitch_stats[['ballKind_code', 'usage_left']])
  usage_l_ax.text(0, 1, 'LHH usage', horizontalalignment='left', verticalalignment='top', linespacing=0.5, color='gray', font=font, size=10, transform=usage_l_ax.transAxes)

  usage_r_ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[2, 3:])
  plot_usage(usage_r_ax, data.pitch_stats[['ballKind_code', 'usage_right']])
  usage_r_ax.text(0, 1, 'RHH usage', horizontalalignment='left', verticalalignment='top', linespacing=0.5, color='gray', font=font, size=10, transform=usage_r_ax.transAxes)

  loc_l_ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[3, :3])
  loc_l_ax.text(0, 1, 'LHH\nloc', verticalalignment='top', horizontalalignment='left', color='gray', font=font, size=10, transform=loc_l_ax.transAxes)
  plot_loc(loc_l_ax, data.left_pitch_shapes)

  loc_r_ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[3, 3:])
  loc_r_ax.text(0, 1, 'RHH\nloc', verticalalignment='top', horizontalalignment='left', color='gray', font=font, size=10, transform=loc_r_ax.transAxes)
  plot_loc(loc_r_ax, data.right_pitch_shapes)

  velo_ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[4, :])
  plot_velo(velo_ax, data.both_pitch_shapes)
  velo_ax.text(0, 1, 'Velo', verticalalignment='top', horizontalalignment='left', color='gray', font=font, size=10, transform=velo_ax.transAxes)

  pitch_stats_ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[5, :])
  plot_pitch_stats(pitch_stats_ax, data.pitch_stats, ['CSW%', 'GB%'])

  pitcher_stats_ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[6, :])
  plot_pitcher_stats(pitcher_stats_ax, data.pitcher_stats, ['CSW%', 'K%', 'BB%', 'GB%'])


  # k_ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[5, :2])
  # plot_stat(k_ax, data.pitcher_stats, 'K%')

  # bb_ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[5, 2:4])
  # plot_stat(bb_ax, data.pitcher_s`tats, 'BB%')

  # gb_ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[5, 4:])
  # plot_stat(gb_ax, data.pitcher_stats, 'GB%')

  credits_ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[7, :])
  credits_ax.text(x=0, y=0.5, s='Data: SPAIA, Sanspo', verticalalignment='center', font=font, size=7)
  credits_ax.text(x=1, y=0.5, s='@yakyucosmo', horizontalalignment='right', verticalalignment='center', font=font, size=7)

  for ax in [
      title_ax,
      arsenal_ax,
      usage_l_ax, usage_r_ax,
      loc_l_ax, loc_r_ax,
      velo_ax,
      # k_ax, bb_ax, gb_ax,
      pitch_stats_ax,
      pitcher_stats_ax,
      credits_ax
  ]:
    ax.axis('off')
    ax.tick_params(
        axis='both',
        which='both',
        length=0,
        labelbottom=False,
        labelleft=False
    )

  return fig
# fig = create_card('1600153', season=2023, dpi=300)
# plt.show()