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Microsoft Windows Vista features a new audio stack, which completely revamps how the operating system communicates with audio devices. The new audio stack, dubbed Universal Audio Architecture, or UAA, requires companies to develop new drivers. Hardware accelerated audio devices are treated as an independent device, separate from the audio output capabilities of a sound card under Windows Vista.
The way UAA handles hardware DSPs is a problem for Creative Labs when it comes to delivering hardware acceleration for DirectSound 3D and EAX algorithms. Earlier this year Creative Labs launched its ALchemy project that enabled hardware-accelerated audio on Sound Blaster X-Fi owners. ALchemy translates DirectSound 3D and EAX calls into OpenAL, which can still take advantage of the DSP hardware.
Creative Labs left Sound Blaster Audigy owners in the dark, in regards to hardware-accelerated audio in Windows Vista. However, Creative Labs stated ALchemy support for Sound Blaster Audigy 2 and 4-class products are to be determined depending on demand. Due to demand, Creative Labs has begun ALchemy development for Sound Blaster Audigy-series sound cards.
Creative Labs expects to have ALchemy for Audigy sound cards later this year. It does not appear as if ALchemy will be free to current Audigy owners. Nevertheless, when the cards are ready, Creative Labs “hopes to offer this product as a low-cost upgrade to interested Audigy owners.”
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This article is over a month old, voting and posting comments is disabled
what other AUDIO CARD can offload the cpu as much as creative? so far, for like... hm... 8+ years, none besides creative. audigy 2 zs is a great card.
doesnt anyone consider that vista is a hunk of shit that burdened both you and creative with getting rid of their long running and perfectly fine directsound? it isnt creative's fault that vista is a hunk of rotting feces.
"Game reviewers fought each other to write the most glowing coverage possible for the powerhouse Sony, MS systems. Reviewers flipped coins to see who would review the Nintendo Wii. The losers got stuck with the job." -- Andy Marken
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"Israel claims U.S. actively helped to craft UN resolution on settlements"
LOL. Of course the US did. They told the sponsors of the resolution (New Zealand et al) that they would veto it if the language was too condemning of Israel. So the sponsors redrafted the resolution to a point where the USA could abstain. Had Obama's people not done so, the resolution would've been stronger and more condemning of Israel still.
Israel is one of those countries that, even if you help them out, they'll still scream blue murder because they didn't get exactly what they want.
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Philosophy: the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence. I believe that encompasses just about everything.
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The name Tajik no more implies a lack of connection with Persian than the name Cockney implies a lack of connection to English. -
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:No, here is no dispute about content. Here is a dispute about Admin frivolity
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El feminismo va demasiado despacio en general, pero lo de los videojuegos es el puto pleistoceno.
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Rail is an investment in the future for our children and grandchildren. It will pay for itself. And NOT having urban sprawl is priceless.
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And what would be the outcome? I agree that we live in a democratic country and we have right to express our opinions, but it must not harm the dignity of others. This is highly derogatory, Guptas should sue Gubb!!!
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I hate a bitch that love a bitch that say she love a nigga too
Confused ass bitch What you gon' do?
Is you gay bitch? Is you straight bitch?
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....and oh yeah, I almost forgot....just love the effect of all them packed and piled-up lead acid batteries on the environment and the risk they give off when they're so close to human habitation....and isn't it such a shame that you still have to run a gas powered generator to make up for all the times the sun and wind give up on you?
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Frederick has made an excellent suggestion. I hope our government is listening. As a retired business owner, I will likely face increased taxes in the coming years from these proposed tax changes, without the capacity to offset them with increased earnings.
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The current administration , and the long existing Republican Legislature are focusing on the wrong industry. They are blinded by the past profits from oil. There will never be another boon from oil like the one we just experienced. Nothing can be done, and NO amount of money invested in this rapidly declining industry can make it , once again profitable. Continuing to pour money into this industry at the reckless , and foolish , manner that the state leaders are proposing is a recipe for bankruptcy , and the total elimination of the PFD.
There is a FUTURE for LNG, and revenue from Cannabis that is being totally ignored until those in power that are profiting directly from the oil industry have secured the funding for their personal portfolios.
There is nothing to indicate that the PFD is in any danger from disappearing with the exception of those politicians trying to gain access to it for their own agenda's. STOP ALL TAX CREDITS now, we cannot afford the subsidy.
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Ah yes,
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If Lisa Murkowski had a conscience,
….Lisa should have already spoken against Puzder,
…she should have long ago said there's no way she would vote to confirm.
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This is just arm twisting.
,
Quote: " Senator's reportedly 'on the fence', …..putting more pressure on the restaurant executive and
political novice
….to win over members of the president's own party…"
.
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To say that in plain english, …Puzder needs to promise to spread around some more payola.
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This is more theater.
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Puzder should never have been considered. On the fence?
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Yeah sure. I'm not falling for that tired tactic.
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Puzder is anti-worker, he's cheated his own employees.
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That's not Labor Department material. No on Puzder. No fence sitting.
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With Lisa, it's a all masquerade, all the time,
...she's a capital P Party Republican.
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Her voting record doesn't match up with the public relations image she's created.
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She's pawned so many people it's criminal.
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Grifters got to grift, right?
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One is not exclusive of the other. Can you explain where you see the problem here? Does supporting local businesses mean we can't recruit new ones? New businesses come in and support local businesses through their purchases. This is how an integrated economy is supposed to work.
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Ovalbumin immunity in the rat: simultaneous testing of IgM, IgG and IgE response measured by ELISA and delayed-type hypersensitivity.
After immunization of Wistar rats with different concentrations of ovalbumin (OA) emulsified in complete H37Ra adjuvant, the optimal antigen dose for specific IgM, IgG and IgE production and for delayed-type hypersensitivity appeared to be the same. It is therefore concluded that in the rat these function tests can be combined, which decreases the number of experimental animals needed. For the determination of IgM, IgG and IgE antibodies to OA, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used, which proved to be a specific method. In addition, using a multi-channel photometer, it is shown that specific antibody concentrations can be readily quantified by micro-ELISA instead of using end-point titrations.
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8. > You completely failed to see why my claim supports this isn’t PPD. You mean I explicitly acknowledged it by saying you're welcome to disagree and PPD is a subjective thing (and referred you to the sidebar)? > seeing this sub turn into an echo chamber You made claims about women hating and failed to defend them, so this sub is an echo chamber. Gotcha.
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The idiot continues the cover up. I seriously think that the Chump does not know what Watergate was. The lights are definitely on at the White House but nobody's home.
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In Forgotten Patriots, author Edwin G Burrows rights an awful wrong. The patriot prisoners who risked death rather than abandon their honor and their country, suffered horribly, but their sacrifices have gone largely unnoticed because it has not been politically expedient to reveal their treatment at the hands of the British.
Readers of this book should expect to be surprised. Although the cover promises “The untold story of American Prisoners during the Revolutionary War,” the author delivers much more. In rescuing these men from the oblivion to which historians, for a variety of reasons and circumstances, consigned them, Burrows reveals a great deal about our national beginnings and the people and events that shaped America.
And while he also reveals the avarice, cruelty, political chicanery, stupidity and arrogance, which are so often the companions of power, he represents honor, courage, decency and sacrifice as well.
Individuals who played major and minor roles in this compelling story include Ethan Allen, Benjamin Franklin and Tory son William; the disgraced and duplicitous General Charles Lee, (whom George Washington once called “a damn poltroon”); the unfortunate Judge Richard Stockton, the only signer of the Declaration of Independence to be taken captive; David Sproat, commissary of naval prisoners known for his indifference to the suffering of prisoners in his charge; and many others whose valor or perfidy have hitherto been unremarked.
Burrrows writes with the objectivity of the historian he is, but only a dull reader will miss the author’s passion for the forgotten patriots his words have exhumed from the mass graves in which they have been buried for over 200 years.
An estimated 200,000 Americans went to war against the British crown. Of these 6,824 died in combat and another 10,000 succumbed to wounds or disease in camp. Burrows writes that of the 23,850 to 32,000 Americans interned in and around Manhattan, the total who perished, including 11,000 believed to have died on British prison ships, ranged from 15,575 to 18,000 men; in other words, between two and three times the number killed in battle, and 50% more than those who died in camp. Burrow’s book is the first account of what took place in British prisons.
He begins with the Battle of Brooklyn on August 27, 1776, the biggest battle of the Revolutionary War and one that dealt the Continental Army a potentially fatal blow. Hugely outnumbered, ill trained and poorly equipped, the colonials were, in the words of one British officer, dispatched with bayonets “after we had surrounded them so they could not resist.”
Those who survived surrender presented a logistical problem for General Howe, commander of the British force. To deal with the problem, Howe appointed a Boston Tory named Joshua Loring as his commissary general of military prisoners. Burrows writes, Loring “possessed two unbeatable qualifications for the job: a settled conviction that men who took arms against their sovereign deserved no mercy, and a beautiful wife, to whom the general had taken a fancy (Loring ‘fingered the cash,’ quipped the Tory historian Thomas Jones, while the General enjoyed the madam).’”1
The prisoners were, according to established British practice, held in vessels of the invasion fleet until the British gained possession of New York City and located quarters in which to confine them. However, New York was a ruined city and didn’t offer many options. Few residents remained among the shattered buildings, but there were throngs of Tory refugees seeking British protection; runaway slaves in search of safe haven; and a British force of more than 33,000 men plus their American captives whose numbers increased with each battle. Provisioning was an on-going problem. Either due to shortages or because the jailors sold their food, the prisoners received meager rations of the poorest quality. Some later credited their survival to the kindness of a few city residents who shared what little food they had.
The buildings in which the men were kept, Liberty House, Provost Jail, Sugar House and various commandeered Protestant (never Anglican) Churches, became infamous for brutal overcrowding, lack of sanitation, rampant disease, and starved prisoners. The Provost jail, where high-ranking officers and civilians accused of supporting the rebellion were kept, was known for the deliberate brutality of Provost Marshal Captain William Cunningham.
Beyond the sadism of men like Cunningham, there were other forces that determined prisoners’ treatment. Burrows writes, “My reading of the evidence is that the thousands of Americans who perished in New York during the Revolution were the victims of something well beyond the usual brutalities and misfortunes of war, even eighteenth century war—a lethal convergence, as it were, of obstinacy, condescension, corruption, mendacity, and indifference.”
Although European wars produced some humane precepts and customs regarding prisoners, none of these were yet codified in treaties or conventions. Enforcement of unwritten guidelines was uneven at best and whether these guidelines even applied in cases of domestic insurrection or rebellion was an open question.
“The thousand-odd Americans who surrendered during the Battle of Brooklyn thus faced a future fraught with unusual peril. Unprotected by international agreements or by the code of honor that regulated the conduct of officers and gentlemen, they were at the complete mercy of their enraged captors. As Captain MacKenzie of the Royal Welsh Fusiliers wrote soon after the battle, captured Americans should not really be considered prisoners of war at all. They were nonpersons, to be used in any way that would most effectively put an end to the resurrection.”
There was a social chasm between British officers and those of the Continental Army. British officers were wealthy gentlemen from leading families who subscribed to a code of honor in dealing with equals. The shopkeeper and farmer officers of the Continental Army were deemed unworthy of being treated as gentlemen. To make matters worse, although Americans believed they were defending their traditional rights as Englishmen, the perception on the other side of the Atlantic was very different. Captured Americans were not viewed as enemy combatants, but as rebels guilty of sedition and treason.
Colonial defiance came at a time when the Empire was shaken by turbulence in Scotland and Ireland. Thus the King and many in Parliament saw the American insurrection as a threat to national unity and stability. Doctor Samuel Johnson epitomized this view, calling the Americans “a race of convicts” that “ought to be thankful for anything we allow them short of hanging.”
It should not surprise that officers of his Majesty’s armed forces in America reflected these attitudes. Washington’s many letters of complaint to General Howe regarding the treatment of American prisoners were either ignored or dismissed with false denials.
As the war progressed and it became impossible to cram more prisoners into already overcrowded buildings, they were confined in troop transports anchored in Wallabout Bay, now known only as the site of the old Brooklyn Navy Yard. The author describes a shipboard hell where men were confined below decks in conditions so crowded that they could not lie down at the same time, packed so tightly that some suffocated. They subsisted on rations barely sufficient to sustain life and breathed air so putrid that men fought for space at the deck grates. Nor were things any easier for the thousands locked up on land. Wormy food, putrid water, random floggings and so much sickness that burial parties would remove ten or twenty bodies each morning.
The terrible treatment of American prisoners weighed on George Washington. Burrows reveals that he threatened to retaliate in kind against British captives, but never carried out the threat. Rather, he was determined that enemy prisoners be treated humanly and, with few exceptions, they were.
Readers will learn that while George Washington was fighting the Redcoats, he was also at war with Congress over, among other things, the absence of a formal agreement for the regular exchange of prisoners, an established practice among combatants.
American newspapers printed hundreds of letters, affidavits and other accounts testifying to the horrific conditions of the American prisoners. Washington’s complaints to General Howe elicited continued denials of what had become common knowledge. Washington badgered Congress to appoint a commissary general for prisoners to supply food, clothing and other essentials to American prisoners and to care for enemy captives. In 1777 Congress complied. The author describes the valiant efforts of commissaries Lewis Pintard and Elias Boudinot to obtain supplies for American prisoners. When Boudinot discovered that Congress had no money to spend on the prisoners, he spent his own, putting himself in debt. He could not nearly meet the need, but it was better than nothing at all. Burrows writes, “Washington had said he wanted ‘a shrewd sensible man’ for the job of commissary general. The man he got was a saint.”
Benjamin Franklin saw the abuse of American prisoners as irreconcilably severing ties with the mother country. “When the war was over and independence assured, he would look back on the refusal of thousands of ordinary men to abandon the cause while in captivity, even at the cost of their lives, as ‘glorious Testimony in favor of plebian Virtue.’” British military and naval recruiters regularly combed the prisons and prison ships for defectors. It was said that prisoners were treated harshly to make them switch sides. Some did so and some then deserted at the earliest opportunity, returning voluntarily to their own lines with news of enemy troop strength and location. Many more risked death rather than abandon their honor and their country.
Burrows is appalled that the sacrifices of these patriots have been forgotten.
Local politics, and the destruction of the prisons to make room for the rapidly growing city made it difficult to remember the horrors that took place in them. However, the most enduring reason was Anglo-American reconciliation.
“For moderate and conservative patriots like Alexander Hamilton, the key to rebuilding and recovery was political reconciliation. Everything hinged on recognizing that the Revolution was finished…” Thus the Tories who had fled were welcomed back and their property restored. Their money, connections and know-how were needed to build the new nation.
The passage of time did nothing to diminish that dynamic. The author writes,
“In the decades on either side of WWI, the deaths of thousands of captives during the Revolution was downgraded in American public opinion from an outrage to an embarrassment – a regrettable minor breach in the friendship of two kindred peoples. Academic historians, eager to rescue the Revolution from flag-waving jingoism and personality cults, shelved the subject.”
Forgotten Patriots rights that awful wrong.
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There are over 2 1/2 million people who would disagree with that.
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Unfortunately I have to call you on that... People aren't smart enough to know the difference or we wouldn't even be having this conversation.
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You lie
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Their intellectual capacity is limited to sound bites...
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Typical. Every time some clown tries to sound intelligent, he goes and uses words he just looked up. That is not intelligent. Having the mind that can reason and not have biases is intelligent.
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Laura....check your facts.... sockeye salmon are not hatchery fish. Pink salmon yes. Pink salmon hatchery management has impacts on natural environment and on wild stocks, but I would bet that the lice and the antibiotics used in pen raised farmed atlantic salmon has more impact. Sockeye salmon from Bristol Bay, Cook Inlet, Copper River are some of the best and only wild stocks of salmon that remain. Please don't confuse people more than they already are about salmon.
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OK...but only if they sell those shirts with the long, pointy collars...and the three-button cuffs....
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Looks like another person figured out CE. She's out there with her comments. Needs to loosen her tinfoil hat. She's a goner.
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" It might be easy for you to pay the tax, but it’s not easy for everyone.: You speak for yourself John, you could pay the picayune tax but you whine instead about the unfairness of it all.
You live in a million dollar single family manse and yet you want others to pay your taxes for you, that is how this thread began, with you begging others to subsidize your opulent lifestyle. You are too proud to ride DaBus or The Rail so you reuse to support either.
Don't clothe your selfishness in altruism.
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The military has a principle that says:
"Failure to enforce a standard sets a new, and lower, standard."
That applies to behavior, haircuts, expected work levels, pretty much to life!
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His Muslim name is Shu'ayb--after a Prophet God sent to an ancient middle-eastern town many thousands of years ago. The Christian apologists used to crow that there was no evidence of this town's existence in an attempt to discredit al-Qur'an. Until archaeologists late in the previous century found buried ancient coins bearing that town's name. OOPS!
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Riots in Ferguson and Baltimore were symptomatic of underlying societal problems. Not excusable but it was a symptom of disaffection, isolation, and aberrant behavior. Likewise, fringe racist groups are symptomatic of similar societal issues. Again not excusable. Yet people can change whether they're a violent gang member or a violent racist. They're morally equivalent. Plenty of lost souls on both sides ultimately find their way back to normalcy. It's called redemption.
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Hardly surprising that "Ruben Ryes" who idolized the thin skinned Donald Trump has such a thin skin himself. It explains both his posts and his personal preferences.
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Nonpharmacological treatment of late-life insomnia.
This article reviews the evidence regarding the efficacy of nonpharmacological interventions for the treatment of late-life insomnia. Outcome data from more than a dozen treatment studies conducted with community-dwelling older adults indicate that behavioral approaches produce reliable and durable therapeutic benefits. as evidenced by improved sleep efficiency and continuity and enhanced satisfaction with sleep patterns. Treatment is also helpful for reducing hypnotic usage among older adults who are dependent on sleep medications. Treatment methods such as stimulus control and sleep restriction, which target maladaptive sleep habits, are especially beneficial for older insomniacs, whereas relaxation-based interventions. aimed at decreasing arousal, produce more limited effects. Cognitive and educational interventions are instrumental in altering age-related dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep. Integrated behavioral and pharmacological therapies have received very little empirical attention thus far. Although a limited number of older adults resume "normal" sleep patterns after treatment, outcome is clinically meaningful as most patients report greater satisfaction with their sleep patterns, use less medications, and display less psychological distress and concerns about sleep.
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I see the logic behind the "it's only a $30 upgrade" complaints.
I have an even better solution: why don't US airlines just bump randomly off the flight people who paid the cheapest fare for the economy class, and instead put the ticket on sale for what it would go for last minute travel? It's only a cheap ticket, afterall.
Even better, this logic could apply to transfer legs of intercity travel: why keep flying people from SFO to NYC with Detroit layover, if their entire trip was worth less than the trip from SFO to Detroit? Why don't just bump them off at Detroit instead (it's a free trip, afterall) and let them book a trip to NYC at market prices?
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Many lawyers are now encouraging people to get into the 'Sue the ___" style of the US. [and people who just want $$$] We hate accepting responsibility for our own actions.
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. Also the Ip is dyanmic for some reason it changes daily, so it will only give me a 24 hour block, while other people suffer for nothing. 1 EDIT, does not create a 6 month block!!!. Shorten please.
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تصيب البرؤساء الافارقة الضعفاء اسماعيل قيلي وئيس جيبوتي وفرماجو رئي… @url
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The Council identified that one of Canada’s most promising sectors is agriculture and food (ag-food).
Canada has a self inflicted major handicap in agricultural trade. Most countries of the world hate our dairy policy. It is a major stumbling block.
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...the Twit's appointment of an ambassador to China won't repair the damage caused by his twitterings.
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I have been attending games at all levels for many decades, and all trash talk should be treated the same way. Calling someone a wimp, puny, fat, slow, stupid, ugly, ... hurt deeply. The use of swearing is equally offensive to players. All of it warrant suspension.
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==Current Events Story== Hi, I removed the story you posted on Cuurent Events for several reasons: * The story didn't seem to belong on the date where you placed it. If the story was reported in a newspaper dated January 13th, it shouldn't be listed under the January 20th events. * I know this may be an important story in Belize, but (as far as I can tell) only one newspaper is carrying it and there are no hits on Google News. It doesn't appear to be of global importance, which is usually what it takes to be included on Current Events. * The summary was way too long. Two or three sentences is usually the maximum for a summary. If it wasn't for the first two points, I would have attempted to edit the summary instead of deleting. For now, I'm going to remove the story, but if you can find more sources, please feel free to include a short summary and link on the correct date.
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"Did anyone vote to destroy health care?" ... that depends on how you look at it. Did the American voters choose to replace their medical coverage with OBAMACARE? No "we" did not!.... did the politicians in WASHINGTON vote to replace medical coverage with OBAMACARE? YES, yes they did. HIRONO? the queen of "SHIBAI" ...give me a break !
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THANK YOU for this. Too bad the people who need to hear that this movie is crap will simply double down and insist we're all part of the conspiracy.
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Who would live here? Who would be a cop? Another nirvana run by Democrats for 50 years. I'll never visit
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They were having to make special offers to get the volt off of the lot recently.
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Now, Now, the Donald is going to reduce taxes for everyone. He will just do away with all taxes and will just get Mexico to pay for everything. Why not? They are going to build a wall for us aren't they? I find it amazing anyone could possibly believe this fool. If not Mexico, then he will just take a few more loans from Russia. lol No need for taxes. Borrow and Stiff, isn't that the Donald's way?
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When you load this into VIP via the "Bulk Load" - VIP/Admin/Tools/Bulk Load
The code has now been changed and the new width of the Icon is 1.Function in VIP (Statics) the $$WEB1 now has a width of 1.Build it in VIPUsing the native @FORM look at what VIP has transferred back and you will see the width of 1.
This is a major bug as it will change the majority of our Application.
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Q:
UI Text not rendering properly with Intellij IDEA and MacType
I wanted to make Intellij IDEA on windows look like the one on OS X Because in
my opinion it looks much better, so I installed MacType, I was able to get the
editor font render correctly, but when I change the UI font to match OS X's UI
font, The text gets cut off in some places. The font I am trying to use is
Lucida Grande size 15. You can see it for yourself in the picture
below:
Intellij UI Text getting cut: https://i.stack.imgur.com/4jnda.png
But if I remove disable MacType rendering, everything works fine, but it looks bad.
Intellij UI Text without MacType rendering: https://i.stack.imgur.com/AJEUl.png
I've tried changing MacType's settings, but nothing works!
I am on Windows 10 Creators Update with Intellij IDEA 2017.2
Any help would be appreciated.
A:
I found the answer myself! Apparently if you open the mactype profile you are using with notepad, and paste the following text at the end of the file:
[Experimental@idea64.exe]
ClipBoxFix=1
Then all the fonts will render correctly. Note, this does not only work for Intellij IDEA, but also all other java applications and a few others. To achieve this, all you have to do is replace "idea64.exe" with the name of the app executable. An example is for the 32-bit version of Intellij, you would replace "idea64.exe" with "idea.exe".
More information can be found here: https://github.com/snowie2000/mactype/wiki/ClipBoxFix
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Aap kaunse area mein rehte hai
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People from Colorado tend to be very provincial.
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The crisis is that so many resources are wasted on people who chose to abuse drugs. How about telling these people that they should stop using drugs? And if they are not willing, do not penalize the taxpayers for their death wish.
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1. Look. A cunt gave a down vote.
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Thanks for you comment on Lufax
Hi Newrunner769, thanks for your comment on my Lufax page. It is very helpful. I am relatively new and only created 2 pages so far. I am working on improving them. Feel free to leave more comments and suggestions about it!
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I find that most people who oppose Barack Obama cannot actually put their objections into words effectively. I get that you HATE him, that's your issue, deal with it.
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It's called free speech. That's what we are all about. See you think we worship symbols when it's an idea we worship stupid. Freedom and liberty matter.
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Toronto!? Ontario!? With a highest marginal income tax rate of 53.53%, the threat of a 75% capital gains inclusion rate looming (= about 40% tax rate), and just about highest electricity rates in North America, I can't imagine we would ever be considered - unless, of course, the Ontario Fibs are going to provide some massive, taxpayer funded subsidy.
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The study, Comrade, was on personal taxes not corporate taxes so passing on the burden isn't valid.
Historically the economy works best for all Americans, if you agree that by "best" we mean as many people working and sharing in the economic gains of production as possible, when very high incomes are heavily taxed. Such high tax rates force those desiring to gain and keep great wealth to make smarter long term business decisions. The Reagan tax cuts and all subsequent cuts eliminated the need for circumspect business activity. Thus the rush to the bottom as suspect activities such as manipulating stock prices yield almost untouchable riches so that even when some activities are illegal the fines don't outweigh the gains.
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"
For Whom the Bell Tolls??
Triple H hadn't used this one at WM XXVII
he used his regular theme ""The Game"""
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Like all Porsches now................It's an Audi!
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Q:
which one is better to calculate star rating average (in performance sense)
i thinking which one is the best way to show average star rating. is it better to calculate the average when there's a review with star value given, and store the average in DB field, so when i load a page i just check 1 field's value? or calculate the average each time user loading the page?
A:
Without a sample schema, and an idea of typical usage, it's almost impossible to provide a good answer.
The question you pose is "should I denormalize my database" - there are lots of other questions on this topic.
From a performance point of view, the question boils down to "how often do you have to write, how often do you have to read, and how important is it that data is consistent?".
If your application user experience is such that "star ratings" are shown almost never, and calculating that star rating is "cheap", then the performance impact is low.
If you are showing long, scrolling pages with items, each with a star rating, the performance benefit could be high, especially if calculating the star rating is an expensive operation.
If it's important that star ratings are exactly accurate in all cases, you will have to add some additional logic like locking behaviour which could have a huge impact on your database.
If your application experience means that you may have periods with very high numbers of new ratings, you could have a significant performance impact on the "write" operation.
In general, it's best to design your application to be normalized (so it's easy to debug and maintain), and to measure whether you need to do anything more. Modern database engines can handle far more than most people realize.
** update **
Thanks for your update.
Your schema suggestion should be lightning fast without denormalization - you should be joining on a foreign key on the reviews table. It all depends on the exact circumstances, but unless you need to scale to hundreds of millions of products and reviews, I doubt you'd ever see a measurable difference in database performance. The logic to keep the "average score" column updated may be more of a performance overhead than calculating it on the fly.
In my experience, denormalization is an expensive thing to do - it makes your code much harder to understand and debug, and leads to entertaining bugs. From a performance point of view, if you're building a website, you'll get a much better return by focusing on caching at the HTTP level.
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yep, he made the mistake of governing while black in a country that still has a race problem.
| 1 |
en
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Maybe Francis and the four+ cardinals can seek mediation.
| 0 |
en
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Things are different now.
| 0 |
en
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Comparing our "trade" with Mexico vs the US...that is pretty weak.
Almost as weak as predicting his impeachment.
Too much CNN
| 0 |
en
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Witnesses say they hear 2 shots....one was a head shot. Hard to claim self defense if you aim to kill. He could have aimed for the knees or other non-vital body part.
| 0 |
en
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Now there's a totally new concept. Gut the lobbyist(s). Congratulations Palmer. Woot, woot.
| 0 |
en
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এই মেয়ে টা অনেক বেয়াদব।
| 1 |
bn
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True but city won't put resources back into airport. Placing HPD back in there extents the county's liability. If a PD officer shot the dog, both State and City would be the deep pocket. Last year there was sexual harassment case that ended in descsion for complainant, she was K9 handler for Securitas, fellow K9 harassing, final decision although she was employed by a private company at airport, was a State contract, therefore state also liable. She got $30.000.00, which was small but decision was a warning. Securitas settled right away to keep themselves out of the lime light.
| 0 |
en
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It's going to be a lot less than the $30 billion that right-wingers keep pushing! At this rate, Trudeau will really have to stretch over the next few years to get anywhere near Harper's average deficit of $16 billion a year for almost 10 years.
| 0 |
en
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There is nothing fictional about the Holy Word of God.
"In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth" Genesis 1:1
"The fool hath said in his heart there is no God" Psalm 14:1
500 years from now, Gods Word will say the same thing it said 500 years ago... And it will be just as true as it was then as well, 500 years from now, we will all know all too well how true Gods Word is.
| 0 |
en
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The Post spelled out their real objection in a front page article and the Globe seems to have basically the same objection.
From Terence Corcoran
:
"At best, it’s an attempt .....to get Canadians to think about something that they have not thought about and would rather not think about: electoral reform.
But mydemocracy.ca does not really want people’s opinions on the use of referenda or any of the elements of proportional representation theory. The objective is to lure Canadians into thinking about the issues and wrap their otherwise preoccupied minds around the giant and impenetrable ball of political wax that is electoral reform. It is, above all, an attempt to stimulate public participation"
| 0 |
en
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Donkel loves to pander because he thinks Alaskans are that dumb. He plays the "All about Alaskans" card over and over despite funneling all his profits and income out of state. His only rebuttal is "I've contributed to production that led to the Permanent Fund" which is like saying "I bought dinner from this restaurant last week so I'm entitled to come steal money out of the register today".
| 0 |
en
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THEY WERE GOING TO PUT IT ON THE CORNER OF THE HOUSE I CALLED ENSTAR threatened a law suit AND THEY DECIDED TO PUT IT
ACCROSS THE STREET I DO NOT THINK LEONARD STANLEY LIKED THAT.[gas line right of way establishes right of way even in disputed survey,s]
threw they year,s mr.stanley oerated a trucking company out of his property howling snow and commercia;l load,s with his kenworth
i certainly did not say anything WHY DID HE NOT CALL THE CITY ON ME THEN I WONDER OH YA HE WAS NOT RETIRED AND EVEN THOUGH HE HADE
1000 GALLON FUEL DRUMS EVERYWHERE AND A TRASHED MOBLE HOME
I KNOW IT WAS NOT CONVIENIENT AT THE TIME.
THEN CAME THE VOTE TO RESURVEY BEAR VALLEY IT WAS SUPOSED TO BE A VOTE BY EVERYONE IT ENDED UP PASSING BY 51 PERCENT AT THE TIME WE HAD A CITY OFFICAL CONVINCING PEOPLE TO VOTE YES [i do not think that,s legal]
that changed bear valley lot,s of people moved out because they could finnaly sell there properties
they told us 1k for the resurvey it ended up costing 3.7k to be contin
| 0 |
en
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So he chooses to tax those who actually need an opiate for pain reduction. This is not a good idea.
| 0 |
en
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NICE
The article referred to NICE in three places whereas at no point has Palin referred to NICE in the UK. Referencing NICE three times was undue weight. I have left one reference in place together with the explanatory note which provides BALANCE. Nobody is forced to be insured through the NHS and one can be insured with extra coverage to cover cancer drugs rejected by NICE. This is CHOICE not a DEATH PANEL. Nobody in the UK can ever be made to sit before a NICE panel of experts and have to justify their existence, it is complete bollox. If Jesanj or his alter egos persists in adding this imbalance back and removing the full explanation of choice in the UK I will retaliate formally in whatever way I deem appropriate.
| 0 |
en
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I guess they need more time to manufacture, I mean "produce" the evidence...
| 0 |
en
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An armed society is a polite society.
How about you defy your pre-ordained status as a victim and champion your right to self defense so people do not wait 8 minutes to exercise their right to personal security and wait 8 minutes for a force multiplier to show up to stop the threat.
| 0 |
en
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No consideration given to those whose pain was relieved but who did not become addicts. I doubt that "big pharma" forced individuals to become addicts, that was a personal choice but in Canada we cannot help ourselves from tearing down the tall poppies - no wonder we are fast becoming a third world country.
| 0 |
en
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de puta madre chaval notable se lo boy a enseñar a mi madre
| 0 |
es
|
RT USER: Forever alone tahap Dewa Gila Babi member aku sorang ni URL
| 1 |
id
|
Did you miss the previous 8 years, where the right wing media would accuse Obama of everything from being born in Kenya, to being a Muslim, to being gay, or that his kids aren't his? Did you actually miss that, or are did you just turn it out because you didn't like Obama? Or did you agree with the attacks on Obama, but are upset about ones on Trump? How about it? Which is it?
| 0 |
en
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I'm guessing that Delta is accustomed to having a rather homogeneous student body.
| 0 |
en
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When someone makes outrageous claims over and over and over through their description of what 'happened' without a shred of evidence to back it up, that tends to happen. This is especially true when they or others repeatedly play for empathy rather than proving the allegations. A much more likely scenario is that Ms Fisk thought her student government class was an easy A and she didn't need to do anything to get that A. I see it all the time in conversations with teachers AND students. The student seems to think they don't have to do any work in these classes and are shocked when surprise surprise they have to do actual work in the class and show up.
| 0 |
en
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Congratulations on an amazing playing career. Scott Gomez was a great ambassador for Anchorage and it was a treat to watch him play. I will always appreciate his generous and selfless devotion to hockey fans in Anchorage, playing for the Aces during the NHL lock-out and patiently signing autographs after Sunday games until they turned the lights out in the Sully. Thank you, Scotty, for always exuding positive love for the game and for Alaska!
| 0 |
en
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Catheterization and superselective angiography of the cerebral vessels.
The technique of catheterization and superselective angiography of the cerebral arteries is described. The balloon can be introduced safely into any of the cerebral arteries including the anterior communicating artery and the peripheral branches of the middle cerebral artery. The superselective angiography seems to be suitable for the study of the regional venous circulation of the brain.
| 0 |
en
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I agree this should be investigated but where I disagree is it should be done before the accusations are released to the public. All Obama is doing is trying to politicize it and divide the nation even more.
Mt question is even if you can prove it was the Russians, and they did want Trump to win. What are you expecting to happen? There won't be a new election. Hillary will not be given the Presidency. Trump will still be President.
I do not for a minute believe that Trump played any part of what Russia does/did. I'm sure the left is more than willing to jump on that train though.
Remember, If Donna Brazille, Hillary, Podesta, and all the other people hadn't done/said what they did in the emails, there would have been no impact on the election because there would have been no mud to sling.
They can only blame themselves for what they said and did.
| 0 |
en
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Όταν παρακολουθείς την Κάτια να προσπαθεί μάταια να κλάψει #gntmgr
| 0 |
el
|
I will point out that the Nuclear Safety and Control Act (federal legislation) does grant authority to the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission to regulate and control the handling of radioactive material. So legislation does exist.
But, I don't see the logic of allowing politicians and ignorant voting masses to govern a process for determining a safe solution to disposal of nuclear waste in Canada.
Let me put it to you this way: We can all agree that we should fix congenital heart defects in children. But we don't ask voters to weigh in on how the procedure should be carried out. We leave it to medical professionals, regulated by Health Canada.
In the same way, we all agree nuclear waste should be properly and safely disposed of. But in this case, we feel technical expertise is not to be trusted, and only politicians and the ignorant masses can find the real solution.
Either you trust the experts or you don't. You can't pick and choose your science.
| 0 |
en
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Hey ADN, where is the story about the Samoans in the escalator that robbed the guy downtown this weekend, every news outlet has reported about it. Not reporting it won't let it go away
| 0 |
en
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So what happened in Ontario????
All blather no substance.
| 0 |
en
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when ACA was polling 'negative', it was ACA vs something from GOP vs Single Payer. ACA was polling at 45-49%, while Single Payer was ABOVE 'something from GOP'. Then the GOP would declare that ACA was negative.
Now, 'something from GOP' is very nagative and those that wanted Single Payer are now realizing that if down to 2 choice (not 3), that they want ACA left.
Totally makes sense since the GOP idea would solve nothing, increase health care cost to all , but the rich.
| 0 |
en
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Text-addiction! Who would have thought of that fifty some odd years ago? Thinking more like text books addicts then. This day and age technology rule and the future will have less rapports between human beings . Good or bad time will tell.
| 0 |
en
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Yes.
| 0 |
fr
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@realDonaldTrump So did you start this so when you get out of prison, if you ever do. You'll get help to immerse yourself back into society? #McCainsAHeroDay #FuckTrump #treason #ImpeachTrump #ResignTrump #TraitorTrump
| 1 |
en
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@Mr_Lewis_ @brookebrooklyn_ ohh yaa, he wants Brooke to be his pinkie toe so he can bang it on the coffee table. What a twat!! Lol
| 1 |
en
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They thought I wouldn't make it pussy nigga we made it
| 1 |
en
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Merci d avoir foutu la merde en ne respectant pas les conventions de nommage... Gonioul
| 1 |
fr
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fidem scit-----despite the way it sounds....he/she/it knows the faith
| 0 |
en
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If he pulls votes from another party you're saying it will be the PCs? You should think about that for a minute or two. He's likely the reason the Liberal party is going all-in on tax the rich. They're protecting their left flank.
| 0 |
en
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Then explain why one of the subcontractors was told he was doing it as a service to Stevens? Sounds like the book is one sided, but that is okay, you keep believing it instead of actual interviews with your neighbors who own their businesses and were stiffed.
| 0 |
en
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Subsets and Splits
SQL Console for FredZhang7/toxi-text-3M
Returns Thai-language texts along with their toxicity labels, providing a basic view of toxic content in a specific language.