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3facea27-c4c0-4115-b287-e28835c0a143
| 0 |
[Effect of ligating the pancreatic duct on the intestinal pH in rabbits]. In rabbits whose pancreatic ducts were ligatured, significant pH changes were observed in the anterior parts of the digestive tract (antrum and duodenum) but not in the posterior parts (jejunum and ileum) as could have been expected. These changes do not seem to be directly related to the lack of pancreatic juice, which leads one to think that, in the rabbit this secretion only plays a very limited role in the neutralisation processes.
|
0460a77e-5a04-4a58-b0da-8bafe92a6dd4
| 0 |
[Demonstration of acidophilic neurosecretory cells in Crepidula fornicata Phil. (Mollusca, Gasteropoda, Prosobranchia) using the fluorescent dye, Geranine G]. The Fluorochrome Geranine G binds to acidophilic neurosecretory cells and produces red orange fluorescence. Chromolipids and pigments show green fluorescence. This method is easy and sensitive. Fluorescence fading during irradiation is low.
|
da36ed3d-d42d-4b6d-a4ab-42f01c7c7e28
| 0 |
[A glycoprotein: galactosyltransferase activity in the ascitic fluid and serum of mice with the YC8 tumor]. Tranfer of (14C)-gal from exogenous UDP(14C)-gal has been demonstrated with ovomucoid as glycoprotein acceptor in ascitic fluid sera from Balb/c mice bearing isogenic YC8 tumor. Transfer exists without ovomucoid, in great ratio in ascitic fluid and in sera from ascitic mice too, showing occurrence of endogenous acceptors, the origin of which has to be proved.
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4d8a41aa-15d6-4d4a-93d6-4f7410a601ea
| 0 |
Activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in serum of patients receiving anticonvulsant of anticoagulant therapy. 1. Effects of chronic anticoagulant therapy in heart patients and anticonvulsant therapy in epileptics on gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in serum were investigated. 2. The enzyme was elevated in 22% of 18 patients receiving anticoagulants.
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4d8a41aa-15d6-4d4a-93d6-4f7410a601ea
| 1 |
In these patients prothrombin time was also abnormally high. 3. 84% of 65 epileptics exhibited elevated gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity, 67% of which were not associated with elevated alkaline phosphatase or aspartate aminotransferase activities. In these latter cases, involvement of the liver was not apparent. 4.
|
4d8a41aa-15d6-4d4a-93d6-4f7410a601ea
| 2 |
Possible relationships of anticonvulsant mediated enzyme induction or hepatic toxicity to elevated gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in serum in epileptics is discussed.
|
f33f5cc3-bf88-4c38-b76f-23b32ba26009
| 0 |
Human saliva peroxidase: microanalytical isoelectric fractionation and properties in normal persons and in cases with neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis. Human saliva contains a high peroxidase activity that can be estimated spectrophotometrically with the hydrogen donor p-phenylenediamine and the substrate hydrogen peroxide from 20 mul of material. The pH optimum of the enzyme with citrate-phosphate buffer is 5.5
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f33f5cc3-bf88-4c38-b76f-23b32ba26009
| 1 |
. After microanalytical isoelectric fractionation 3 main isoenzyme components at pI 8.6, 6.5 and 4.3, and a number of isoenzyme subfractions at pI 9.5, 7.3 and 3.8 are detectable. In 3 patients with the juvenile form of neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis (type Spielmeyer-Vogt), in which a deficiency of leukocyte peroxidase had been reported by other authors, both the total activity of saliva peroxidase and the activity of individual isoenzymes were found to be within normal limits.
|
f33f5cc3-bf88-4c38-b76f-23b32ba26009
| 2 |
These findings are not consistent with a generalized peroxidase deficiency in this disease.
|
7617f7bf-1cae-4edd-9189-7633cd82c9d0
| 0 |
Theoretical approaches to estimation of plasma renin activity: a review and some original observations. Performance of accurrate, reproducible, and interpretable assays for plasma renin activity and other components of the renin/angiotensin system in the clinical setting requires a clear understanding of the various reactions in the renin/angiotensin cascade and the nature of their interactions.
|
7617f7bf-1cae-4edd-9189-7633cd82c9d0
| 1 |
Plasma renin activity, the rate of angiotensin generations from plasma incubated in vitro, is the most commonly used clinical index of function in the renin/angiotensin system. Renin activity is measured by radioimmunoassay of angiotensin I generated in vitro under carefully controlled conditions. The value obtained for plasma renin activity depends on pH and duration of incubation and on the method used to protect the angiotensin I generated.
|
7617f7bf-1cae-4edd-9189-7633cd82c9d0
| 2 |
We recommend incubation at neutral pH in buffered plasma for three hours in the presence of either ethylenediaminetetraacetate + 8-hydroxyquinolone + dimercaprol or ethylenediaminetetraacetate + phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride. Addition of a standard preparation of human renin to the plasma incubation step of the renin activity assay serves the dual purpose of permitting measurement of renin activity and furnishing an internal standard for comparison of assay procedures.
|
7617f7bf-1cae-4edd-9189-7633cd82c9d0
| 3 |
The many variables among renin assay methods can be cancelled by referring to a common internal renin standard.
|
802b7b23-9cfe-46de-b6fc-a12a0784062d
| 0 |
Improved specificity of serum albumin determination and estimation of "acute phase reactants" by use of the bromcresol green reaction. The reaction of serum samples with bromcresol green proceeds in two steps. Albumin is responsible for the faster (less than 1 min) reaction; the slower (30-min) reaction is a measure of "acute phase reactant(s)" in serum.
|
802b7b23-9cfe-46de-b6fc-a12a0784062d
| 1 |
Serum is simply mixed with bromcresol green reagent and the absorbance is measured twice, immediately and at 60 min. Albumin concentrations, determined from the absorbance at 0 min, correlate well with those determined by Laurell "rocket" immunoelectrophoresis; r = 0.95 with no certain deviation from unity for the slope and with a negligible difference at zero concentration.
|
802b7b23-9cfe-46de-b6fc-a12a0784062d
| 2 |
The slow reaction was expressed as deltaA% = 100 (deltaAs/deltaAv) where deltaAs and delta Av are the changes in absorbance between 60 and 0 min for the sample and a commercial control serum, respectively. The value for deltaA% correlates well with the percentage of alpha2-fraction as determined by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate, as well as with orosomucoid and ceruloplasmin, all of which are acute phase reactant(s).
|
802b7b23-9cfe-46de-b6fc-a12a0784062d
| 3 |
Whether these proteins or other acute phase reactant(s) actually cause the slow reaction has not yet been established.
|
e19a9937-4507-4286-a254-b88dd4568c2e
| 0 |
Evaluation of lipase activity in serum by radial enzyme diffusion. Results of determination of serum lipase by radial enzyme diffusion correlate well with those by a titrimetric reference method in the abnormal range. The specificity of the diffusion assay allows the differentiation of patients with pancreatic disease, even when the lipase activity of the serum is within the normal limits of the tritrimetric assay. Pancreatic lipase is not detectable by the diffusion assay in the serum of individuals who are free from pancreatic disease.
|
d0b9257a-6874-4465-8147-d1693acbad37
| 0 |
Creatine kinase in serum: 1. Determination of optimum reaction conditions. To establish optimum conditions for creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2) activity measurement with the creatine phosphate in equilibrium creatine reaction, we re-examined all kinetics factors relevant to an optimal and standardized enzyme assay at 30 and 25 degrees C.
|
d0b9257a-6874-4465-8147-d1693acbad37
| 1 |
We determined the pH optimum in vaious buffers, considering the effect of the type and concentration of the buffer, as well as the influence of various buffer anions on the activity. The relation between activity and substrate concentration was shown and the apparent Michaelis constants of creatine kinase for creatine phosphate and ADP were evaluated.
|
d0b9257a-6874-4465-8147-d1693acbad37
| 2 |
We tested the effect on creatine kinase measurement of the concentration of substrates (glucose and NADP+) in the auxillary and indicator reactions, especially the influence of the added auxiliary (hexokinase) and indicator (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) enzymes on the lag phase, at different temperatures. The NADP+ concentration proved to be the factor limiting the duration of constant reaction rate.
|
d0b9257a-6874-4465-8147-d1693acbad37
| 3 |
We studied the inhibition of creatine kinase and adenylate kinase by AMP and established a convenient AMP concentration. For reactivation of creatine kinase, N-acetyl cysteine as sulfhydryl compound was introduced. Finally, we examined the relationship between activity and temperature.
|
3bf0425e-eabf-40a0-94e9-5512fce9e6ff
| 0 |
Radioiodination of human low density lipoprotein: a comparison of four methods. A comparison has been made of four labelling techniques used to radioiodinate human low density lipoprotein (LDL). (1) Chloramine T iodination at pH 7.4 was 20-25% efficient and gave a product immunologically indistinguishable from native LDL.
|
3bf0425e-eabf-40a0-94e9-5512fce9e6ff
| 1 |
Approximately 30% of the incorporated radioactivity, however, was found in LDL lipids, and the metabolic decay of the labelled complex in rats did not obey first order kinetics. Radiolabelling at pH 10 reduced the uptake of 125I into lipids to 10% but also cut the overall incorporation of radioiodine by a factor of 7.
|
3bf0425e-eabf-40a0-94e9-5512fce9e6ff
| 2 |
(2) Lactoperoxidase labelling and (3) conjugation with iodinated N-succinimidyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate were highly efficient (100%), but incorporation of radioactivity into the lipid moiety was unacceptably high (approximately 30%). (4) The efficiency of iodine monochloride labelling was highly reproducible and the product was immunologically indistinguishable from native LDL.
|
3bf0425e-eabf-40a0-94e9-5512fce9e6ff
| 3 |
Incorporation of radioactivity into the lipid moiety was less than 4% when the I/protein ratio of the product was kept at or below 1 : 1. Decay of the radiolabelled LDL in rats was monoexponential.
|
d5f00f0e-3eb5-4875-a123-aa75e23a7548
| 0 |
Purification and properties of human acid-thermostable ribonucleases, and diagnosis of childhood pancreatic fibrosis. Acid-thermostable ribonucleases were isolated from human pancreas, duodenal contents, liver, spleen, serum and urine, and purified 15--1000-fold. The pH optima, ionic requirements, and some of the specificity requirements, of these enzymes were investigated.
|
d5f00f0e-3eb5-4875-a123-aa75e23a7548
| 1 |
The isolated enzymes formed two distinct groups: (a) The ribonucleases of the pancreas, duodenal contents and fraction A of serum and urine exhibit a pH optimum of 8.5, are inhibited by An2+ and Cu2+, and relatively rapidly hydrolyze the synthetic substrate uridine 3'-(alpha-naphthylphosphate);
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d5f00f0e-3eb5-4875-a123-aa75e23a7548
| 2 |
(b) the ribonucleases of the liver and spleen, and of fractions B of the serum and urine, with a pH optimum of 7, are less sensitive to An2+ and Cu2+, and exhibit negligible activity versus uridine 3'-(alpha-naphthylphosphate). Determination of the serum level of pancreatic-type ribonuclease activity, with the use of uridine 3'-(alpha-naphthylphosphate) or RNA as substrates, appears to be a valid diagnostic tool for pancreatic fibrosis in children.
|
0d960644-4742-448d-b13a-d0937b4519e7
| 0 |
Physico-chemical and immunological properties of acid alpha-glucosidase from various human tissues in relation to glycogenosis type II (Pompe's disease). The physico-chemical and immunological properties of acid alpha-glucosidase from various human tissues have been studied. Heat stability of acid alpha-glucosidase from heart, liver and skeletal muscle is identical, but for kidney some different results are obtained.
|
0d960644-4742-448d-b13a-d0937b4519e7
| 1 |
Identical isoelectrofocussing patterns are found for heart, liver and skeletal muscle. Furthermore, the effect of antiserum against human liver acid alpha-glucosidase on the activity of acid alpha-glucosidase from various tissues is studied. The results are discussed in relation to glycogenosis type II (Pompe's disease).
|
b0741adc-7a74-477c-acca-4128bd52af1e
| 0 |
Partial purification and properties of ovine liver Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices phospholgucose isomerase. Echinococcus granulosus protoscolex is the actual larval stage of the cestode causing echinococcosis both in man and animals. In the present report, certain properties of phosphoglucose isomerase from the ovine liver E. granulosus protoscolices have been studied and compared with those of the hydatid cyst fluid and the healthy ovine liver enzymes.
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b0741adc-7a74-477c-acca-4128bd52af1e
| 1 |
The protoscolices enzyme prepared in a manner similar to the hydatid cyst fluid and the ovine liver enzymes exhibited the following properties: (1) pH optimum of 8.2 (2) KM value of 0.23 mM, (3) the enzyme was inhibited in the presence of high concentrations of alpha-D-glucose 6-phosphate, (4) no detectable inhibition of the enzyme was observed in the presence of phosphate ion up to 4.1
|
b0741adc-7a74-477c-acca-4128bd52af1e
| 2 |
mM, (5) the protoscolices enzyme was less thermostable as compared to the hydatid cyst fluid and the ovine liver enzymes, (6) the protoscolices enzyme had a lower Ki value (0.7 mM) as compared to either the hydatid cyst fluid (1.1 mM) or the ovine liver enzymes (4.6
|
b0741adc-7a74-477c-acca-4128bd52af1e
| 3 |
mM) when 6-phosphogluconic acid was used as a competitive inhibitor.
|
a333334e-8b92-4c2a-87f5-2b8cc1892762
| 0 |
Biochemical differences between the MB and MM isoenzymes of creatine kinase. The biochemical properties of partially purified preparations of human myocardial MB and MM iosenzymes of creatine kinase have been compared with one another. Differences in substrate affinity, behaviour with inhibitors, and heat denaturation have been demonstrated. It is doubtful if the differences we have shown are sufficiently great to form the basis of a practical routine procedure for measuring serum levels of the MB isoenzyme.
|
1b393fc4-3e0b-4810-b621-ba011e35f76b
| 0 |
The estimation of phospholipids in bile. Total and lipid phosphorus were measured in the duodenal aspirate of 24 fasting subjects following an injection of cholecystokinin. The lipid phosphorus values were lower than the total phosphorus, a difference most pronounced in dilute samples. Storage at -20 degrees C over 4 weeks resulted in a loss of over 50% lipid phosphorus.
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1b393fc4-3e0b-4810-b621-ba011e35f76b
| 1 |
Such alterations in the lipid phosphorus affected the calculation of biliary phospholipid and hence the saturation index of cholesterol in bile causing it to be erroneously elevated. It is concluded that analysis of bile samples should be undertaken on freshly obtained samples and include a preliminary step for the extraction of lipids.
|
df52b80e-1e0a-449c-a562-3260f4590f8a
| 0 |
Two alpha-glucosidases in cultured amniotic fluid cells and their differentiation in the prenatal diagnosis of Pompe's disease. A sensitive fluorometric assay utilizing 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside has been developed for the determination of alpha-glucosidase. The enhanced sensitivity was achieved by increasing the solubility of the substrate with a water miscible organic solvent.
|
df52b80e-1e0a-449c-a562-3260f4590f8a
| 1 |
With this system, cultured amniotic fluid cells were found to have two major forms of alpha-glucosidase with somewhat overlapping acidic pH optima; one with pH optimum at 4.5 is deficient in Pompe's disease (type II glycogenosis), while one with pH optimum at 6.0 is not affected in this disease.
|
df52b80e-1e0a-449c-a562-3260f4590f8a
| 2 |
Specificity for the pH 4 form of alpha-glucosidase was achieved by exploiting the greater thermal lability of the pH 6 enzyme. The pH 6 form of the enzyme was also detectable in freshly prepared extracts of cultured fibroblasts. The procedure is direct and simple and has been applied to the prenatal diagnosis in two pregnancies at risk for Pompe's disease.
|
8eb5b068-b6f9-4fb9-92f5-a9abae2aa1e3
| 0 |
X-linked ichthyosis, bilateral cryptorchidism, hypogenitalism and mental retardation in two siblings. Two brothers showed ichthyosis, bilateral cryptorchidism, hypogenitalism and mental retardation. In addition, the younger brother had short stature associated with disorders of secretions of insulin, ACTH and GH. This is the third reported case of the syndrome of ichthyosis and hypogonadism.
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38c7aaa1-1488-4e3c-8ca0-40c3cbacc158
| 0 |
A simple method for the cryopreservation of lymphocytes. Retention of specific immune effector functions by frozen-stored cells. A simple, quick and inexpensive method for cryostorage of lymphocytes is discribed. When injected into appropriate normal recipients, frozen-stored rat and sheep lymphocytes caused GVH and NLT reactions respectively.
|
38c7aaa1-1488-4e3c-8ca0-40c3cbacc158
| 1 |
Sheep lymphocytes remained viable after several months storage and functioned satisfactorily as 51Cr-labelled target cells in assays for cytotoxic antibodies. Lymphocytes, including immunoblasts, drained from sheep efferent lymphatics during immune responses to injected murine P815 cells or allogeneic lymphocytes survived freezing; when thawed the cells retained specific immune cytotoxic effector functions including the ability to secrete complement-dependent and leucocyte-dependent antibodies
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bd3470c0-ed2a-46de-a971-1b18bfe434fd
| 0 |
Mechanism of post dialysis hyperventilation in patients with chronic renal insufficiency. Several hypotheses have been put forward to explain postdialysis hypocapnia. Three were tested in this study: impairment of tissue oxygenation by dialysis (D)-induced alkalosis (Bohr effect), the D disequilibrium syndrome, and the loss of carbon dioxide (CO2) in D fluid.
|
bd3470c0-ed2a-46de-a971-1b18bfe434fd
| 1 |
In 17 patients pre-DPCO2 was significantly correlated with plasma bicarbonate concentration (HCO3) and no disproportionate reduction of PCO2 was discernible. In 10 patients using a bath acetate concentration of 38 mEq/1 PCO2 was unchanged after D (35.4 versus 35.9 mm Hg before D), and was low relative to HCO3 whic increased from 21.2
|
bd3470c0-ed2a-46de-a971-1b18bfe434fd
| 2 |
to 28.0 mEq/1. After a dialysis using an acetate concentration of 25 mEq/1 HCO3 remained constant (20.4 versus 21.1 mEq/1 pre-D), whereas PCO2 fell from 35.3 to 30.8 mm Hg (P less than 0.001). Consequently PCO2 was again low relative to HCO3.
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bd3470c0-ed2a-46de-a971-1b18bfe434fd
| 3 |
Removal of CO2 by D fluid was excluded as a cause for low blood PCO2: addition of gaseous CO2 to the bath had no influence on arterial blood gases. Since post-D hypocapnia was not prevented when HCO3 was kept constant, it was concluded that post-D alkalosis cannot be the main reason for post-D hyperventilation, and that other factors related to the process of D are responsible.
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0d04fe37-6faa-4979-aae5-9cec61faf3c1
| 0 |
Duration of cardiac effects of timolol and propranolol. The duration of the cardiac effects of single intravenous doses of the beta-antagonists, timolol and propranolol, was compared in 6 healthy male subjects. Timolol and propranolol were given in doses of 1 mg and 10 mg, respectively, and at specified times after their administration, beta-blockade was assessed by the reduction of maximal exercise-induced tachycardia and by the inhibition of the chronotropic and inotropic effects of isoproterenol.
|
0d04fe37-6faa-4979-aae5-9cec61faf3c1
| 1 |
Inotropic effects were measured by changes in the pre-ejection period of left ventricular systole obtained from systolic time intervals. There was no statistically significant difference in the timolol and propranolol time-courses of beta-blockade. The change in exercise-tachycardia was maximal 5 min after beta-antagonist infusion but dissipated rapidly so that no statistically significant change was observed 9 hr later.
|
0d04fe37-6faa-4979-aae5-9cec61faf3c1
| 2 |
The chronotropic and inotropic effects of isoproterenol were almost completely antagonized for 11/2 hr after beta-antagonist infusion, and significant beta-blockade could be demonstrated 9 hr later. There was no difference in the time-course of the negative chronotropic and inotropic effects of either beta-antagonist.
|
1c103a64-3699-4998-9005-559f7998209d
| 0 |
Hypnotic efficacy of lorazepam and flurazepam. In a double-blind crossover study involving 15 insomniac subjects, the hypnotic efficacy of lorazepam, 2 and 4 mg, was compared with flurazepam, 15 and 30 mg, and placebo. Five subjective measures were used: onset, length, and depth of sleep, number of times awakened, and satisfaction with the hypnotic. Lorazepam in 2- and 4-mg doses was comparable in hypnotic efficacy to flurazepam, 30 mg, according to most parameters of measurement. Side effects were minor, although relatively numerous at the 4-mg doses.
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aeab163a-10c8-4474-8a58-3cb9073e0996
| 0 |
Acebultolol: basis for the prediction of effect on exercise tolerance. Twelve unselected males suffering from documented coronary insufficiency and moderately severe angina submitted to graded multistage treadmill exercise testing on 3 separate days, 3.5 hr after a single dose of 0,200, or 400 mg of acebulolol, a cardioselective beta blocker.
|
aeab163a-10c8-4474-8a58-3cb9073e0996
| 1 |
Control measures included random allocation of 2 patients to each of 6 balanced sequences of administration, standardized double-blind conditions, and variance analysis for Latin-square design with repeated measures on each subject. Performance was evaluated by measuring time elapsed until anginal pain, peak heart rate, peak product of heart rate and blood pressure, and peak oxygen consumption.
|
aeab163a-10c8-4474-8a58-3cb9073e0996
| 2 |
Mean values for all criteria were significantly atered by 400 mg of acebutolol. Seven out of twelve patients were classified as responders (i.e., exercise duration increased 100% or more). The response after acebutolol was correlated with the performance on placebo in the base of exercise duration, peak heart rate, and peak product of heart rate and blood pressure.
|
aeab163a-10c8-4474-8a58-3cb9073e0996
| 3 |
It is concluded that: (1) performance criteria are useful predictors of response to beta blockade and (2) acebutolol is a potent antianginal agent when judged by an objective treadmill exercise test.
|
f8bba8e8-7490-47ac-9e1f-ba049df1d722
| 0 |
Radiology in Mendelson's syndrome. Four cases of Mendelson's syndrome (acid pulmonary aspiration) are presented. They all demonstrate an acute diffuse alveolar filling pattern. This appearance is by no means specific. However, in the absence of other causes for this pattern and of evidence of left ventricular failure the radiologist may alert the clinician to the correct diagnosis. Early recognition of this syndrome will result in prompt treatment which differs significantly from that of other causes of this radiographic appearance. The differential diagnosis is discussed.
|
b9b2cd61-7d25-4f90-bc81-86c9711a15cf
| 0 |
Growth hormone secretion in acid-base alterations at rest and during exercise. 1. Seven healthy males were studied during cycle ergometer exercise at 33%, 66% and 90% of VO2 max. on three occasions when NH4C1, NaHCO3 or CaCO3 (as a control substance) were administered in gelatin capsules double blind and in randomized order.
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b9b2cd61-7d25-4f90-bc81-86c9711a15cf
| 1 |
Plasma growth hormone (HGH), lactic acid and hydrogen ion concentration ([H+]) were measured at frequent intervals. 2. Ammonium chloride produced highest blood [H+] and NaHCO3 the lowest. These differences were maintained during exercise and in recovery. Plasma lactic acid concentrations were similar at rest.
|
b9b2cd61-7d25-4f90-bc81-86c9711a15cf
| 2 |
At 66%, 90% VO2 max. and recovery lactic acid was highest with NaHCO3 and lowest with NH4C1. 3. Exercise stimulated HGH secretion in all studies and the elevation was proportional to the intensity of the exercise. NH4C1 caused a variable elevation of HGH at rest and 33% VO2 max.
|
b9b2cd61-7d25-4f90-bc81-86c9711a15cf
| 3 |
At 66% VO2 max., plasma HGH was significantly elevated to similar concentrations in all studies and, at 90% VO2 max., HGH was highest with NaHCO3. 4. An infusion of sodium L(+)-lactate producing plasma lactate concentrations of 3-5 mmol/l did not influence HGH secretion.
|
b9b2cd61-7d25-4f90-bc81-86c9711a15cf
| 4 |
5. Exercise is a physiological stimulus to HGH secretion and the mechanism is independent of blood [H+] and lactate concentrations.
|
b00ed964-79dc-4aa4-8220-2af198c97535
| 0 |
The intracellular pH of human leucocytes in response to acid-base changes in vitro. 1. Viable human leucocytes were isolated from venous blood and suspended in artificial media. Intracellular pH measurements were made by the dimethyloxazolidinedione technique in conditions simulating "respiratory" or "metabolic" acid-base disturbances. 2.
|
b00ed964-79dc-4aa4-8220-2af198c97535
| 1 |
Normal intracellular pH was 7-11 +/- 0-02 (mean +/- 2 SD) at an extracellular PCO2 of 5-8 kPa and a bicarbonate concentration of 25 mmol/l. 3. "Respiratory" and "metabolic" acidosis caused little change in pHi although increases in PCO2 led to relatively greater falls in pHi than did reduction in external bicarbonate concentration.
|
b00ed964-79dc-4aa4-8220-2af198c97535
| 2 |
4. "Respiratory" and "metabolic" alkalosis caused similar and relatively greater increases in the pHi when compared with the response to an external acidosis.
|
c8c11ef3-16da-4911-9fdb-f848663bc080
| 0 |
Marrow transplantation in aplastic anemia and leukemia. Human marrow transplantation has resulted in observations of fundamental significance in understanding both aplastic anemia and acute leukemia. For example, the observation that transplanted marrow can grow successfully in patients with aplastic anemia indicates that the disease is due to a defect in the marrow precursor cells and not in the marrow microenvironment.
|
c8c11ef3-16da-4911-9fdb-f848663bc080
| 1 |
Similarly, the observation of recurrent leukemia in donor cells has important implications. Nonetheless, marrow transplantation is sufficiently established therapeutically to be considered the treatment of choice for patients with severe aplastic anemia, and a realistic alternative for patients with recurrent acute leukemia. We suggest that patients be managed with regard to marrow transplantation according to the general approach outlined in Table 3.
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c8c11ef3-16da-4911-9fdb-f848663bc080
| 2 |
Marrow transplantation and histocompatibility typing are available at increasing numbers of institutions throughout the world. More and more patients with either severe aplastic anemia or recurrent acute leukemia should have marrow transplantation available to them when it is indicated as part of optimal management of these no longer hopeless diseases.
|
2300b2bb-b0cd-4327-82e6-c443fc523fae
| 0 |
The objective and timing of drug disposition studies, appendix V. A comparison of the bioavailability of three dosage forms of terfenadine. Antagonistic effect against histamine-induced wheals was used to evaluate the bioavailability of terfenadine in monkeys. A rapidly dissolving tablet formulation of terfenadine shows essentially identical bioavailability to a liquid suspesion. A less readily dissolving capsule formulation lags considerably in time with regard to availability, and some question remains as to whether the total quantity in the capsule is available.
|
1146b9e5-12d0-4a3c-8c85-e79cee9b8d8f
| 0 |
The difficult hypertensive. With the wide range of medications available today it should be possible to obtain satisfactory control in the majority of hypertensive patients. However, there are various categories of patients who may present particular problems in management, as for example patients with cerebro-vascular and coronary disease, or with renal failure.
|
1146b9e5-12d0-4a3c-8c85-e79cee9b8d8f
| 1 |
A particularly important group is those presenting with severe resistant hypertension, and these patients may constitute about 5 to 10% of the hypertensive population. Considerations relevant to the management of patients presenting with such problems are discussed. Combined drug regimens employing clonidine or beta-blockers with peripheral vasodilators appear to be particularly useful.
|
5e605bc5-bc33-468f-93b4-4e6e8f7ef5c5
| 0 |
[Our experience with the method of D'Amour and Smith]. The authors carried out studies on a group of analgetic preparations (morphine, lydol, thylidine, pentazocine and analgine) by the method of D Amour and Smith, using thermic painful stimulation. The experiments were carried out on white rats-young and adult of both sexes of the strain Wistar.
|
5e605bc5-bc33-468f-93b4-4e6e8f7ef5c5
| 1 |
The mean lethal dosis were determined as well as the mean effective doses and therapeutic indices. The experimental results showed that thylidine was the strongest analgetic agent with atherapeutic index of 67. The index of morphine was 63 and was close to that of thylidine, but without statistical significance.
|
5e605bc5-bc33-468f-93b4-4e6e8f7ef5c5
| 2 |
The remaining analgetic indices were with low indices: lyndiol-with 5, pentazocine - 12 and analgine - 2. The method used, according to our data, could be applied successfully on rats of both sexes, at various age groups and both strains. The method is convenient for testing analgetic activity of preparations from two basic types of analgetic agents-narcotic and nonnarcotic.
|
97d07c02-92b6-46f5-a032-25fc443bd60b
| 0 |
Persisting and unaltered circadian rhythms of six healthy young men with a night-work shift every 48 hrs and a 2% CO2 atmosphere during a 4-week span. Six apparently healthy young males (20 +/- 0.5 years of age) lived in a specially designed laboratory for a 1-week span in normal air, followed by 4 weeks in a 2% CO2 atmosphere and thereafter 1 week again in normal air.
|
97d07c02-92b6-46f5-a032-25fc443bd60b
| 1 |
Room temperature was 24 degrees C. +/- 1 degrees C.; relative hygrometry 75% +/- 5%. With respect to socio-ecologic time clues and cues, the subjects were not isolated. The subjects' social synchronization was altered only by the shift-work schedule (light-on, 07(00);
|
97d07c02-92b6-46f5-a032-25fc443bd60b
| 2 |
light-off, 22(30) on normal days). Every other day each subject had a 3-h night task, located between 23(00) and 07(00). Once a week, during 48 hrs (Saturday and Sunday) a set of physiologic variables was documented every 4 hrs in order to study their circadian changes:
|
97d07c02-92b6-46f5-a032-25fc443bd60b
| 3 |
oral temperature, peak expiratory flow, grip strength, arterial blood pressure, tempo, and urinary pH, volume and potassium excretion. As far as rhythms are detectable (cosinor method) the most striking result is that both rhythm acrophases and amplitudes do not show any statistically significant changes when comparing either night-work versus day-work and/or normal air versus air with 2% CO2.
|
97d07c02-92b6-46f5-a032-25fc443bd60b
| 4 |
Both 3 hrs of night-work every other day and an unusual amount of CO2 do not alter the parameters characterizing the circadian rhythms considered. The absence of desynchronization during night-work could be related to: 1) the speed of rotation in the shift-work; 2) the short duration of night-work;
|
97d07c02-92b6-46f5-a032-25fc443bd60b
| 5 |
and 3) the youth of the subjects.
|
b971cecd-04d1-446d-ae47-2f74300b6dde
| 0 |
[Blood sugar and hypoxic dynamics in metabolic acidosis and alkalosis (experimental data)]. The dynamics of the glucose concentration and arterovenous glucose gradient was examined during different metabolic deviations in the acid-base balance. The metabolitic acidosis increased the level of sugar in the blood. A definite influence on the latter had the gravity of the acidosis and to a certain degree its pathogenetic form.
|
b971cecd-04d1-446d-ae47-2f74300b6dde
| 1 |
The arterio-venous glucose difference changed from negative to positive with the increase of proton activity. The type of the peripheral hypoxic structure, formed during the state of acidosis influenced both the glucose gradient and its quantitative relations to the acid-base and oxygen indices. The sugar content in the blood during metabolitic alcalosis was not changed significantly.
|
b971cecd-04d1-446d-ae47-2f74300b6dde
| 2 |
There was an increase in the arterio-venous gradient and inverse correlation between the glucose level and the arterio-venous oxygen difference with the increase of the bicarbonate concentration.
|
e78b3ba8-17ae-42ed-bf47-2c4a14c77830
| 0 |
[Effect of beta-adrenergic blockaders on the bioelectrical activity of the mesenchephalic reticular formation]. The authors examined the beta-adrenergic structures in the mesencephalic formation (MSF) in view of establishing their role on the activity of MSF in view of establishing the in rols on the activity of MSF itself and the relationship of the same formation with the cerebral cortex and the lymbic system.
|
e78b3ba8-17ae-42ed-bf47-2c4a14c77830
| 1 |
It was established that beta-adrenergic blockers after their local application in MSF could inhibit its function. The data from the effect on the induced bioelectrical activity indicated also diminution in the functional activity of MSF. The authors found that the inhibiting influences of beta-blockers were abolished by their antagonist isoprenalite.
|
e78b3ba8-17ae-42ed-bf47-2c4a14c77830
| 2 |
An inference is made that there are beta-adrenergic structures, which act excitatory.
|
5291ec10-7463-4038-bb77-2b5ebf958f2c
| 0 |
[Age-related changes in the content and characteristics of glycosaminoglycans in human aortas]. The vascular wall is rich in glucoseaminglicanes (GAG), which form the basic intercellular substance and determine its multiple functions.
|
5291ec10-7463-4038-bb77-2b5ebf958f2c
| 1 |
Using analytic and chromatographic methods the author examined hexauronic acid (HA), pentoses (P), sulphate groups and various derivatives of GAG (hyaluronic acid (HA), pentoses (P), sulphate groups and various derivatives of GAG (hyaluronic acid (HA), dermatan-sulfate (DS), keratansulfate (KS), chondroitinsulfate (HS), and cheransulfate (HES) in human aorta, obtained from persons at the age of 10 and over 70 years of age. Ten aortas of each group were examined.
|
5291ec10-7463-4038-bb77-2b5ebf958f2c
| 2 |
The studies showed that in the aortas of the adult persons the content of HA, P, HS, KS and sulphate groups was considerably higher than that of the aourtas, obtained form the young persons. There was an impression that the adult factor affected substantialy the qualitative characteristics of GAG--with advancement of age the lenght of polysaccharide chains was shortened and the degree of sulphatation was increased.
|
5291ec10-7463-4038-bb77-2b5ebf958f2c
| 3 |
The accumulation of acid GAG in the aorta of adult persons impaired the metabolism of substances between blood and tissue, which enhanced the infiltration of the blood vessels with lipids and proteins, especialy when there was a blood increase in their content (hyperlipemia, hypercholesterinemia, ect.)
|
b408a632-a7a4-451d-9fb8-a3e0e812a6b2
| 0 |
[Beta blockers as psychotropic drugs]. The range of indications for beta blocking substances has extended to various fields of pathology : vascular system, endocrinology... The discovery of some of their side effects give good reasons to try to find out whether they should have a place in psychopharmacotherapy and wheter they could meet its present requirements.
|
b408a632-a7a4-451d-9fb8-a3e0e812a6b2
| 1 |
The initial target symptoms were anxiety--which, being polymorphous, can be, at various degrees, reactionnal to obviously stressing surroundings, but which is also implied by structural distortions of personality--and psychosomatic manifestations. If their site of actions was initially thought peripherical, it now seems that their action is also central, genuinely psychotropic, anxiolytic, and non sedative, psychoanaleptic and, at the same time, stimulating and increasing the level of attention (we have observed in some cases a reduction of sleep time)--thymoanaleptic, increasing the incitement to action.
|
b408a632-a7a4-451d-9fb8-a3e0e812a6b2
| 2 |
On the other hand, they quiet certain excitation states caused by appearence of badly controled anxieties. This study contains three series of experiments conceived with a similar methodology.
|
1588455f-6142-4c29-864e-0c0887aa4528
| 0 |
Nuclear 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3alphaOHD) activity for 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone in the rat prostate. The in vitro examination of adult male rat prostatic 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3alphaOHD) activity using 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone4 as substrate indicates that significant levels of enzyme activity are associated with purified nuclei as well as with the cytosol fractions.
|
1588455f-6142-4c29-864e-0c0887aa4528
| 1 |
Both the purified nuclear and the cytosol fractions exhibited higher levels of 3alphaOHD activity with NADH than with NADPH. The pH activity curves for the NADH and NADPH catalyzed reactions were different for both the nuclear and cytosol fractions. The results suggest the presence of a number of 3alphaOHD enzymes in rat prostate.
|
ebf22a7a-a3b4-49bd-b5b9-cb2f026540e9
| 0 |
Inhibition of pancreatic islet monoamine oxidase by adrenergic antagonists and ethanol. Although the alpha-adrenergic antagonist phentolamine potentiates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion of intact animals, it either does not alter, or it inhibits in vitro insulin secretion. This may be because in the higher concentration used in in vitro studies, phentolamine exerts a second pharmacological effect that counterbalances its primary effect of blocking monoamine action.
|
ebf22a7a-a3b4-49bd-b5b9-cb2f026540e9
| 1 |
We recently demonstrated that pancreatic islets contain substantial amounts of monoamine oxidase (MAO), and that MAO inhibitors such as iproniazid and tranylcypromine can alter insulin secretion. In the present study, we determined if other drugs that affect insulin secretion, alter the MAO activity of homogenates of rabbit pancreatic islets (collagenase technique) or liver.
|
ebf22a7a-a3b4-49bd-b5b9-cb2f026540e9
| 2 |
Phentolamine, phenoxybenzamine and propranolol (10 muM and 100 muM) inhibit islet and hepatic MAO. Haloperidol (10muM) inhibits hepatic but not islet MAO, while haloperidol (10muM) does not inhibit MAO in either tissue. Ethanol (270 to 2.7mM) inhibits islet MAO. Hepatic MAO is inhibited by high (270 to 180mM) but not by low (27 to 2.7mM
|
ebf22a7a-a3b4-49bd-b5b9-cb2f026540e9
| 3 |
) concentrations of ethanol. Collagenase digestion does not increase the sensitivity of islet and liver MAO to inhibition by phentolamine or ethanol. In the absence of added monoamines, phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine do not alter basal or glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from rabbit pancreas. Preincubation of rabbit pancreas with the serotonin precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) increases the beta cell serotonin content and inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.
|
ebf22a7a-a3b4-49bd-b5b9-cb2f026540e9
| 4 |
Alpha adrenergic antagonists not only fail to block, but actually potentiate the serotonin inhibition of insulin secretion. We conclude that inhibition of islet MAO may cause an increase in islet monoamine content and these monoamines may alter in vitro insulin secretion. One mechanism through which adrenergic antagonists and ethanol modify in vitro insulin secretion may be by inhibiting pancreatic islet MAO.
|
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