Jenjamin3000/MNLP_M3_MCQA_before_FT · Datasets at Hugging Face

id stringlengths 6 15	question_type stringclasses 1 value	question stringlengths 15 683	choices listlengths 4 4	answer stringclasses 5 values	explanation stringclasses 481 values
sciq-1197	multiple_choice	Soils with higher capacities generally have a larger reserve of what?	[ "water", "hydrogen nutrients", "mineral nutrients", "protein" ]	C
sciq-2002	multiple_choice	What are responsible for the bending movements of the organelle?	[ "muscles", "sporozoans", "dyneins", "pores" ]	C
sciq-6698	multiple_choice	The earth is tilted on its what?	[ "axis", "radius", "compass", "top" ]	A
sciq-10391	multiple_choice	What type of function does the long bone perform?	[ "works as piston", "acts as pulley", "acts as pivot", "work as lever" ]	D
sciq-10732	multiple_choice	What consists of the different species within an area?	[ "contamination community", "biological community", "science community", "abundant community" ]	B
sciq-1176	multiple_choice	What flexible organ enables swallowing and speech?	[ "diaphram", "tongue", "large intestine", "stomach" ]	B
sciq-2416	multiple_choice	In a displacement graph, the slope of the line is the average what?	[ "speed", "time", "velocity", "direction" ]	C
ai2_arc-1091	multiple_choice	Electric circuits provide energy for lightbulbs. Which of these prevents the flow of electrons?	[ "a circuit that is closed", "a series circuit", "a circuit that is open", "a parallel circuit" ]	C
sciq-10679	multiple_choice	If two chlorine atoms share their unpaired electrons by making a covalent bond and forming cl2, they can each complete their what?	[ "electron shell", "radiative shell", "valence shell", "hypothesized shell" ]	C
scienceQA-9075	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? saliva breaking down a piece of bread silver jewelry tarnishing	[ "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are caused by heating." ]	A	Step 1: Think about each change. Saliva breaking down a piece of bread is a chemical change. Bread is made up mostly of a chemical called starch. Saliva breaks the bonds between atoms in the starch molecules. The atoms then link together to form smaller, simpler molecules of sugar. The sugar is a different type of matter than the starch. Metal turning less shiny over time is called tarnishing. Silver jewelry tarnishing is a chemical change. The silver reacts with sulfur in the air to form black tarnish. The tarnish is a different type of matter that was not there before the change. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.
sciq-7943	multiple_choice	What are the specialized cells within the brain called?	[ "neurons", "electrons", "protons", "ions" ]	A
sciq-7488	multiple_choice	What three forms does frozen precipitation take?	[ "hail, wind, typhoon", "snow, sleet, freezing rain", "vapor, fog, ice", "blizzard, frost, fog" ]	B
sciq-8487	multiple_choice	The collision of what is responsible for massive earthquakes?	[ "two continents", "fault lines", "tidal currents", "weather fronts" ]	A
sciq-11585	multiple_choice	How do all musical instruments create sound?	[ "stimulation", "conduction", "vibration", "condensation" ]	C
sciq-10589	multiple_choice	Particulates from cigarette smoke that enter what structures can cause a permanent reduction in lung capacity?	[ "glands", "cells", "chambers", "alveoli" ]	D
sciq-4156	multiple_choice	Reptiles can be found on every continent except which one?	[ "australia", "south america", "africa", "antarctica" ]	D
sciq-5766	multiple_choice	Each vertebral vein also flows into which vein?	[ "spiral", "trichina", "brachiocephalic", "xerophyte" ]	C
sciq-6325	multiple_choice	What is the distance north or south of the equator called?	[ "Prime Meridian", "latitude", "longitude", "inclination" ]	B
sciq-2112	multiple_choice	When a fluorine atom gains an electron, it becomes a negative what?	[ "fluoride ion", "potassium ion", "hydrogen ion", "sulfide ion" ]	A
sciq-2276	multiple_choice	Solar energy travels in what?	[ "ions", "electrons", "photons", "neurons" ]	C
sciq-10193	multiple_choice	The structural classification of joints divides them into bony, fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints. the bones of fibrous joints are held together by fibrous connective tissue; the three types of fibrous joints are sutures, syndesomes, and what?	[ "gomphoses", "synchondrosis", "cartilaginous", "articular" ]	A
sciq-7376	multiple_choice	What do we call the orderly sequence of events in the life of a cell from the division of a single parent cell to produce two new daughter cells, to the subsequent division of those daughter cells?	[ "cell replication", "circadian cycle", "cell cycle", "cell death" ]	C
sciq-2039	multiple_choice	What term refers to the emission of material or energy from an atom's nucleus?	[ "radioactivity", "smog", "microscopic", "stasis" ]	A
sciq-6904	multiple_choice	What is the tissue beneath a mollusks' shell called?	[ "skin", "cartilage", "mantle", "mucous" ]	C
scienceQA-10764	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? cellular respiration compost rotting	[ "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are caused by cooling." ]	A	Step 1: Think about each change. Cellular respiration is a chemical change. Cells use oxygen to break down sugar. Breaking the chemical bonds in sugar molecules releases energy that a cell can use. The atoms from the broken molecules then combine to form different molecules such as carbon dioxide and water. These molecules are different types of matter than sugar and oxygen. Compost forms from the remains of plants and animals, such as vegetable scraps and egg shells. Compost rotting is a chemical change. As the compost rots, it breaks down and turns into a different type of matter. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.
sciq-10281	multiple_choice	Mammals may either be herbivores, omnivores or what else?	[ "neither", "herbivores", "carnivores", "polyvores" ]	B
scienceQA-3162	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? plants making food from sunlight, air, and water a piece of avocado turning brown	[ "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are chemical changes." ]	D	Step 1: Think about each change. Plants making food is a chemical change. Plants use energy from sunlight to change air and water into food. The food is sugar. Sugar is a different type of matter than air or water. A piece of avocado turning brown is a chemical change. The avocado reacts with oxygen in the air to form a different type of matter. If you scrape off the brown part of the avocado, the inside will still be green. The inside hasn't touched the air. So the chemical change hasn't happened to that part of the avocado. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.
sciq-8814	multiple_choice	What is unique and found in all living things because it can form up to four covalent bonds between atoms or molecules?	[ "hydrogen", "carbon", "oxygen", "potassium" ]	B
ai2_arc-128	multiple_choice	Several tomato plants are grown indoors next to a sunny window. The plants receive water and fertilizer and remain on the windowsill. What will most likely happen?	[ "Most of the leaves on the window side will wilt and die.", "The roots of the plants will grow upward from the soil.", "Water droplets will collect on the leaves facing away from the window.", "The stem will bend toward the window." ]	E
sciq-4985	multiple_choice	Where is pedocal soil commonly found?	[ "grasslands", "slopes", "deserts", "forests" ]	A
sciq-7732	multiple_choice	What type of force always opposes the direction of motion?	[ "kinetic friction", "strong force", "binary friction", "harmonic friction" ]	A
sciq-5402	multiple_choice	Compounds that contain mainly the elements carbon and hydrogen are called what kind of compounds?	[ "organic compounds", "natural compounds", "reactive compounds", "microscopic compounds" ]	A
sciq-11581	multiple_choice	What is the network of fibers that organizes structures and activities in the cell called?	[ "cytoskeleton", "cytoplasm", "DNA", "enzymes" ]	A
sciq-3481	multiple_choice	What collects fluid from a system of canals in the cytoplasm?	[ "mitochondria", "vacuole", "chlorophyll", "placenta" ]	B
sciq-477	multiple_choice	Acids turn blue litmus paper which color?	[ "grey", "purple", "white", "red" ]	D
scienceQA-5625	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? cutting a piece of rope water evaporating from a puddle	[ "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are chemical changes." ]	C	Step 1: Think about each change. Cutting a piece of rope is a physical change. The rope is shorter after you cut it. But it is still made of the same type of matter as the uncut rope. Water evaporating from a puddle is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The liquid changes into a gas, but a different type of matter is not formed. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are physical changes. No new matter is created. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are physical changes. They are not chemical changes. Both are caused by heating. Water evaporating is caused by heating. But cutting a piece of rope is not. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.
ai2_arc-337	multiple_choice	Uranus is one of the outer planets of the solar system. The average distance of Uranus from the Sun is 2.87 billion kilometers. Which best explains why Uranus revolves in its orbit instead of moving out into space?	[ "The orbit of Neptune limits Uranus.", "Gravity pulls Uranus toward the Sun.", "Electromagnetic energy pulls on Uranus.", "Other planets have the same mass as Uranus." ]	B
sciq-10201	multiple_choice	Electromagnets can be controlled by controlling what type of current?	[ "magnetic", "electric", "positive", "negative" ]	B
sciq-10564	multiple_choice	What do you call the lightless part of the ocean?	[ "Davy Jones' Locker", "photoreactive zone", "photic zone", "aphotic zone" ]	D
sciq-7534	multiple_choice	What is the study of the relationship between electricity and chemical reactions called?	[ "physical chemistry", "analytical chemistry", "inorganic chemistry", "electrochemistry" ]	D
sciq-7593	multiple_choice	In a chemical reaction, what, in general, comes together in order to form a product?	[ "propellants", "reactants", "liquids", "gases" ]	B
sciq-4069	multiple_choice	Atmospheric pressure is increased, causing a greater amount of oxygen than normal to diffuse into the bloodstream of the patient, in what type of therapy?	[ "politic chamber therapy", "Distinct Chamber Therapy", "ventilation chamber therapy", "hyperbaric chamber therapy" ]	D
sciq-7180	multiple_choice	What do osteoclasts do to bone?	[ "break it down", "strengthen it", "lengthen it", "build it up" ]	A
sciq-6001	multiple_choice	What planet in our solar system has a moon with volcanic activity?	[ "Saturn", "jupiter", "Mars", "Venus" ]	B
sciq-5789	multiple_choice	What are small planets in our solar system called?	[ "scrub planets", "dwarf planets", "Tiny planets", "light planets" ]	B
sciq-8159	multiple_choice	What state of hydrogen can be predicted based on the atoms to which it is bonded?	[ "oxidation", "precipitation", "evaporation", "condensation" ]	A
sciq-5136	multiple_choice	Although much of the heart's basic structure is complete by the end of the fifth week, what fetal structures remain until birth or shortly after?	[ "blood shunts", "umbilical arteries", "heart shunts", "renal arteries" ]	A
sciq-10453	multiple_choice	The vertebrate endoskeleton includes a vertebral column, cranium, limbs, and what else?	[ "tissue girdles", "limb girdles", "blood girdles", "Skin Girdles" ]	B
sciq-3393	multiple_choice	What two basic types of feather does a bird have?	[ "up and down", "carrying and down", "flight and landing", "flight and down" ]	D
sciq-10469	multiple_choice	What term in physics refers to the use of force to move an object?	[ "mass", "velocity", "momentum", "work" ]	D
sciq-7505	multiple_choice	What are the two hormones primarily responsible for maintaining homeostasis of blood glucose levels?	[ "dopamine and melanin", "anabolic and metabolic", "insulin and estrogen", "insulin and glucagon" ]	D
sciq-1730	multiple_choice	What causes continents to drift closer to the poles or the equator?	[ "plate tectonics", "time", "earthquakes", "plate movements" ]	D
sciq-4681	multiple_choice	What do you call the patterns and groups of stars in the sky that ancient people observed and made stories about?	[ "asteroid fields", "constellations", "meteors", "planets" ]	B
sciq-11447	multiple_choice	Compound light microscopes use lenses to do what?	[ "stop light", "twist light", "burn light", "focus light" ]	D
sciq-11154	multiple_choice	What is a copy of an object that is formed by reflected light?	[ "example", "image", "deflection", "instance" ]	B
sciq-3421	multiple_choice	How many different main types of diabetes are there?	[ "two", "ten", "three", "four" ]	A
sciq-9285	multiple_choice	The air bubbles resulting from cavitation expand and block water channels of the what?	[ "xylem", "respiration", "heart", "ectoderm" ]	A
sciq-9779	multiple_choice	If a machine only changes the direction of a force without changing the ratio of the output/input forces, then what is its associated mechanical advantage?	[ "1.5", "2", "1", "4" ]	C
sciq-11444	multiple_choice	What is the common measure of how hot or cold something is?	[ "precipitation", "weight", "variation", "temperature" ]	D
sciq-11227	multiple_choice	What is a thick, dark brown or black liquid found in rock layers of the earth's crust?	[ "fossil fuel", "propane", "coal", "oil" ]	D
sciq-9866	multiple_choice	The vas deferens and ejaculatory ducts are part of what system?	[ "male circulatory system", "female adaptive system", "male reproductive system", "female reproductive system" ]	C
sciq-5661	multiple_choice	One molecule of carbon dioxide consists of 1 atom of carbon and 2 atoms of what element?	[ "nitrogen", "oxygen", "methane", "hydrogen" ]	B
sciq-7453	multiple_choice	What type of creature is a scallop?	[ "mollusk", "algae", "vertabrate", "insect" ]	A
sciq-3289	multiple_choice	Gases on earth originated from comets and what events?	[ "supernovas", "tides", "volcanic eruptions", "black holes" ]	C
sciq-1335	multiple_choice	Enzymes speed up the rate of a specific chemical reaction and is therefore known as what?	[ "characteristic catalysts", "biochemical catalysts", "protein catalysts", "genetic catalysts" ]	B
sciq-8795	multiple_choice	What is the release of particles and/or energy from the nucleus of an atom described as?	[ "kinetic energy", "momentum", "radioactivity", "temperature" ]	C
sciq-11223	multiple_choice	The volume of a regularly shaped solid can be calculated from its what?	[ "layers", "dimensions", "density", "mass" ]	B
sciq-5070	multiple_choice	What makes echinoderms force water into the feet and move forward?	[ "spring contractions", "muscle contractions", "vacuum contractions", "field contractions" ]	B
sciq-8947	multiple_choice	What mammal is the most intelligent?	[ "monkey", "dog", "lion", "humans" ]	D
sciq-4796	multiple_choice	What is the amount of moisture in the atmosphere?	[ "static", "mixture", "heat", "humidity" ]	D
sciq-6286	multiple_choice	What is the only substance on earth that is present in all three states of matter?	[ "water", "mercury", "air", "carbon" ]	A
sciq-6451	multiple_choice	What term is used to describe molecules that contain carbon-nitrogen bonds?	[ "compounds", "amines", "nitrites", "ions" ]	B
sciq-5349	multiple_choice	What is the process in which gases are exchanged between the body and the outside air?	[ "precipitation", "metabolism", "ingestion", "respiration" ]	D
ai2_arc-663	multiple_choice	The building of a dam will most likely	[ "prevent water pollution.", "destroy habitat for many animal species.", "allow fish to more easily swim up river.", "cause people to consume more water." ]	B
ai2_arc-349	multiple_choice	A student observed a sample of water in three states of matter. The student should describe the liquid water as a state of matter that has	[ "more kinetic energy than the solid state.", "more mass than the solid state.", "less kinetic energy than the solid state.", "less volume than the solid state." ]	A
sciq-9436	multiple_choice	What form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume?	[ "liquid", "solid", "gas", "plasma" ]	C
sciq-10598	multiple_choice	The shape of earlobes is an example of what kind of trait, which is influenced by genes and passed along through generations?	[ "genetic disorder", "inherited trait", "acquired trait", "instinct" ]	B
sciq-1338	multiple_choice	During what type of reproduction do two haploid gametes join in the process of fertilization to produce a diploid zygote?	[ "asexual reproduction", "essential reproduction", "internal reproduction", "sexual reproduction" ]	D
sciq-11172	multiple_choice	What travels 9.5 trillion kilometers a year?	[ "electricity", "light", "Sound", "air" ]	B
sciq-5145	multiple_choice	What are the strongest magnets made?	[ "polarized magnets", "natural magnets", "electromagnets", "permanent magnets" ]	C
sciq-8889	multiple_choice	How does litmus paper indicate the ph value of a solution?	[ "by smell", "by texture", "by color", "by shape" ]	C
ai2_arc-641	multiple_choice	What unit do scientists use to measure the distance between stars?	[ "light-year", "angstrom unit", "astronomical unit", "apparent magnitude" ]	A
sciq-9723	multiple_choice	What determines velocity?	[ "direction", "mass per unit", "change in direction", "distance over time in a given direction" ]	D
sciq-10940	multiple_choice	What equals the mass of the object (in kilograms) times the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s 2 )?	[ "velocity", "density", "weight", "speed of light" ]	C
sciq-9789	multiple_choice	We would genetically be all the same if genes did not have different what?	[ "atoms", "alleles", "bases", "antigens" ]	B
sciq-3894	multiple_choice	Skeletal and muscular are examples of what type of system?	[ "organ system", "shell system", "internal system", "interior system" ]	A
sciq-10130	multiple_choice	Closely associated with "work", what is characterized by its many forms and the fact that it is conserved?	[ "heating", "fuel", "matter", "energy" ]	D
scienceQA-4548	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? adding dish soap to water in a sink sediment settling to the bottom of a muddy puddle	[ "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are caused by cooling." ]	B	Step 1: Think about each change. Adding dish soap to water in a sink is a physical change. Bubbles may appear if air gets trapped in the soapy water, but a different type of matter does not form. Loose matter such as sand and dirt is called sediment. Sediment settling to the bottom of a muddy puddle is a physical change. The sediment sinks, and the water above becomes clearer. This separates the water from the sediment. But separating a mixture does not form a different type of matter. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are physical changes. No new matter is created. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are physical changes. They are not chemical changes. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.
scienceQA-7364	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? mixing sand and water picking up a paper clip with a magnet	[ "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are only physical changes." ]	D	Step 1: Think about each change. Mixing sand and water is a physical change. Adding water makes the sand wet. But both the sand and water are still made of the same type of matter as before. Picking up a paper clip with a magnet is a physical change. The paper clip sticks to the magnet, but it is still made of the same type of matter. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are physical changes. No new matter is created. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are physical changes. They are not chemical changes. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.
sciq-11105	multiple_choice	What type of shape does sodium chloride have?	[ "cubic", "trianguler", "round", "oblong" ]	A
sciq-10709	multiple_choice	What also receives input from other areas of the forebrain through the medial forebrain bundle?	[ "pituitary gland", "hypothalamus", "hippocampus", "optic chiasm" ]	B
sciq-10531	multiple_choice	After infecting a host, what inactive state do some viruses enter?	[ "potency", "latency", "hibernation", "immunity" ]	B
sciq-4548	multiple_choice	Which type of bryophytes are named for their horn-like sporophytes?	[ "tapeworms", "hornworts", "flatworms", "arthropods" ]	B
sciq-7946	multiple_choice	What organ system transports blood through the body and to and from the lungs?	[ "nervous", "metabolism", "digestive", "circulatory" ]	D
ai2_arc-856	multiple_choice	A sign that an apple tree is going to start growing apples is when the tree has ___.	[ "roots", "seeds", "leaves", "flowers" ]	D
sciq-8350	multiple_choice	The physical properties of gases are predictable using mathematical formulas known as what?	[ "air laws", "gas laws", "vapor laws", "state laws" ]	B
sciq-229	multiple_choice	What unit of measure is equal to the amount of work a horse can do in 1 minute?	[ "joule", "watt", "torque", "horsepower" ]	D
sciq-6262	multiple_choice	What is another term for nearsightedness?	[ "hypoxia", "astigmatism", "anemia", "myopia" ]	D
sciq-4528	multiple_choice	What are the only innate behaviors in humans?	[ "insight behaviors", "reflex behaviors", "learned behaviors", "inherited traits" ]	B
scienceQA-9142	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? a piece of avocado turning brown milk going sour	[ "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are only physical changes." ]	C	Step 1: Think about each change. A piece of avocado turning brown is a chemical change. The avocado reacts with oxygen in the air to form a different type of matter. If you scrape off the brown part of the avocado, the inside will still be green. The inside hasn't touched the air. So the chemical change hasn't happened to that part of the avocado. Milk going sour is a chemical change. The type of matter in the milk slowly changes. The new matter that is formed gives the milk its sour taste. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

sciq-1197

multiple_choice

Soils with higher capacities generally have a larger reserve of what?

[ "water", "hydrogen nutrients", "mineral nutrients", "protein" ]

C

sciq-2002

multiple_choice

What are responsible for the bending movements of the organelle?

[ "muscles", "sporozoans", "dyneins", "pores" ]

C

sciq-6698

multiple_choice

The earth is tilted on its what?

[ "axis", "radius", "compass", "top" ]

A

sciq-10391

multiple_choice

What type of function does the long bone perform?

[ "works as piston", "acts as pulley", "acts as pivot", "work as lever" ]

D

sciq-10732

multiple_choice

What consists of the different species within an area?

[ "contamination community", "biological community", "science community", "abundant community" ]

B

sciq-1176

multiple_choice

What flexible organ enables swallowing and speech?

[ "diaphram", "tongue", "large intestine", "stomach" ]

B

sciq-2416

multiple_choice

In a displacement graph, the slope of the line is the average what?

[ "speed", "time", "velocity", "direction" ]

C

ai2_arc-1091

multiple_choice

Electric circuits provide energy for lightbulbs. Which of these prevents the flow of electrons?

[ "a circuit that is closed", "a series circuit", "a circuit that is open", "a parallel circuit" ]

C

sciq-10679

multiple_choice

If two chlorine atoms share their unpaired electrons by making a covalent bond and forming cl2, they can each complete their what?

[ "electron shell", "radiative shell", "valence shell", "hypothesized shell" ]

C

scienceQA-9075

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? saliva breaking down a piece of bread silver jewelry tarnishing

[ "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are caused by heating." ]

A

Step 1: Think about each change. Saliva breaking down a piece of bread is a chemical change. Bread is made up mostly of a chemical called starch. Saliva breaks the bonds between atoms in the starch molecules. The atoms then link together to form smaller, simpler molecules of sugar. The sugar is a different type of matter than the starch. Metal turning less shiny over time is called tarnishing. Silver jewelry tarnishing is a chemical change. The silver reacts with sulfur in the air to form black tarnish. The tarnish is a different type of matter that was not there before the change. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

sciq-7943

multiple_choice

What are the specialized cells within the brain called?

[ "neurons", "electrons", "protons", "ions" ]

A

sciq-7488

multiple_choice

What three forms does frozen precipitation take?

[ "hail, wind, typhoon", "snow, sleet, freezing rain", "vapor, fog, ice", "blizzard, frost, fog" ]

B

sciq-8487

multiple_choice

The collision of what is responsible for massive earthquakes?

[ "two continents", "fault lines", "tidal currents", "weather fronts" ]

A

sciq-11585

multiple_choice

How do all musical instruments create sound?

[ "stimulation", "conduction", "vibration", "condensation" ]

C

sciq-10589

multiple_choice

Particulates from cigarette smoke that enter what structures can cause a permanent reduction in lung capacity?

[ "glands", "cells", "chambers", "alveoli" ]

D

sciq-4156

multiple_choice

Reptiles can be found on every continent except which one?

[ "australia", "south america", "africa", "antarctica" ]

D

sciq-5766

multiple_choice

Each vertebral vein also flows into which vein?

[ "spiral", "trichina", "brachiocephalic", "xerophyte" ]

C

sciq-6325

multiple_choice

What is the distance north or south of the equator called?

[ "Prime Meridian", "latitude", "longitude", "inclination" ]

B

sciq-2112

multiple_choice

When a fluorine atom gains an electron, it becomes a negative what?

[ "fluoride ion", "potassium ion", "hydrogen ion", "sulfide ion" ]

A

sciq-2276

multiple_choice

Solar energy travels in what?

[ "ions", "electrons", "photons", "neurons" ]

C

sciq-10193

multiple_choice

The structural classification of joints divides them into bony, fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints. the bones of fibrous joints are held together by fibrous connective tissue; the three types of fibrous joints are sutures, syndesomes, and what?

[ "gomphoses", "synchondrosis", "cartilaginous", "articular" ]

A

sciq-7376

multiple_choice

What do we call the orderly sequence of events in the life of a cell from the division of a single parent cell to produce two new daughter cells, to the subsequent division of those daughter cells?

[ "cell replication", "circadian cycle", "cell cycle", "cell death" ]

C

sciq-2039

multiple_choice

What term refers to the emission of material or energy from an atom's nucleus?

[ "radioactivity", "smog", "microscopic", "stasis" ]

A

sciq-6904

multiple_choice

What is the tissue beneath a mollusks' shell called?

[ "skin", "cartilage", "mantle", "mucous" ]

C

scienceQA-10764

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? cellular respiration compost rotting

[ "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are caused by cooling." ]

A

Step 1: Think about each change. Cellular respiration is a chemical change. Cells use oxygen to break down sugar. Breaking the chemical bonds in sugar molecules releases energy that a cell can use. The atoms from the broken molecules then combine to form different molecules such as carbon dioxide and water. These molecules are different types of matter than sugar and oxygen. Compost forms from the remains of plants and animals, such as vegetable scraps and egg shells. Compost rotting is a chemical change. As the compost rots, it breaks down and turns into a different type of matter. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

sciq-10281

multiple_choice

Mammals may either be herbivores, omnivores or what else?

[ "neither", "herbivores", "carnivores", "polyvores" ]

B

scienceQA-3162

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? plants making food from sunlight, air, and water a piece of avocado turning brown

[ "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are chemical changes." ]

D

Step 1: Think about each change. Plants making food is a chemical change. Plants use energy from sunlight to change air and water into food. The food is sugar. Sugar is a different type of matter than air or water. A piece of avocado turning brown is a chemical change. The avocado reacts with oxygen in the air to form a different type of matter. If you scrape off the brown part of the avocado, the inside will still be green. The inside hasn't touched the air. So the chemical change hasn't happened to that part of the avocado. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

sciq-8814

multiple_choice

What is unique and found in all living things because it can form up to four covalent bonds between atoms or molecules?

[ "hydrogen", "carbon", "oxygen", "potassium" ]

B

ai2_arc-128

multiple_choice

Several tomato plants are grown indoors next to a sunny window. The plants receive water and fertilizer and remain on the windowsill. What will most likely happen?

[ "Most of the leaves on the window side will wilt and die.", "The roots of the plants will grow upward from the soil.", "Water droplets will collect on the leaves facing away from the window.", "The stem will bend toward the window." ]

E

sciq-4985

multiple_choice

Where is pedocal soil commonly found?

[ "grasslands", "slopes", "deserts", "forests" ]

A

sciq-7732

multiple_choice

What type of force always opposes the direction of motion?

[ "kinetic friction", "strong force", "binary friction", "harmonic friction" ]

A

sciq-5402

multiple_choice

Compounds that contain mainly the elements carbon and hydrogen are called what kind of compounds?

[ "organic compounds", "natural compounds", "reactive compounds", "microscopic compounds" ]

A

sciq-11581

multiple_choice

What is the network of fibers that organizes structures and activities in the cell called?

[ "cytoskeleton", "cytoplasm", "DNA", "enzymes" ]

A

sciq-3481

multiple_choice

What collects fluid from a system of canals in the cytoplasm?

[ "mitochondria", "vacuole", "chlorophyll", "placenta" ]

B

sciq-477

multiple_choice

Acids turn blue litmus paper which color?

[ "grey", "purple", "white", "red" ]

D

scienceQA-5625

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? cutting a piece of rope water evaporating from a puddle

[ "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are chemical changes." ]

C

Step 1: Think about each change. Cutting a piece of rope is a physical change. The rope is shorter after you cut it. But it is still made of the same type of matter as the uncut rope. Water evaporating from a puddle is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The liquid changes into a gas, but a different type of matter is not formed. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are physical changes. No new matter is created. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are physical changes. They are not chemical changes. Both are caused by heating. Water evaporating is caused by heating. But cutting a piece of rope is not. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

ai2_arc-337

multiple_choice

Uranus is one of the outer planets of the solar system. The average distance of Uranus from the Sun is 2.87 billion kilometers. Which best explains why Uranus revolves in its orbit instead of moving out into space?

[ "The orbit of Neptune limits Uranus.", "Gravity pulls Uranus toward the Sun.", "Electromagnetic energy pulls on Uranus.", "Other planets have the same mass as Uranus." ]

B

sciq-10201

multiple_choice

Electromagnets can be controlled by controlling what type of current?

[ "magnetic", "electric", "positive", "negative" ]

B

sciq-10564

multiple_choice

What do you call the lightless part of the ocean?

[ "Davy Jones' Locker", "photoreactive zone", "photic zone", "aphotic zone" ]

D

sciq-7534

multiple_choice

What is the study of the relationship between electricity and chemical reactions called?

[ "physical chemistry", "analytical chemistry", "inorganic chemistry", "electrochemistry" ]

D

sciq-7593

multiple_choice

In a chemical reaction, what, in general, comes together in order to form a product?

[ "propellants", "reactants", "liquids", "gases" ]

B

sciq-4069

multiple_choice

Atmospheric pressure is increased, causing a greater amount of oxygen than normal to diffuse into the bloodstream of the patient, in what type of therapy?

[ "politic chamber therapy", "Distinct Chamber Therapy", "ventilation chamber therapy", "hyperbaric chamber therapy" ]

D

sciq-7180

multiple_choice

What do osteoclasts do to bone?

[ "break it down", "strengthen it", "lengthen it", "build it up" ]

A

sciq-6001

multiple_choice

What planet in our solar system has a moon with volcanic activity?

[ "Saturn", "jupiter", "Mars", "Venus" ]

B

sciq-5789

multiple_choice

What are small planets in our solar system called?

[ "scrub planets", "dwarf planets", "Tiny planets", "light planets" ]

B

sciq-8159

multiple_choice

What state of hydrogen can be predicted based on the atoms to which it is bonded?

[ "oxidation", "precipitation", "evaporation", "condensation" ]

A

sciq-5136

multiple_choice

Although much of the heart's basic structure is complete by the end of the fifth week, what fetal structures remain until birth or shortly after?

[ "blood shunts", "umbilical arteries", "heart shunts", "renal arteries" ]

A

sciq-10453

multiple_choice

The vertebrate endoskeleton includes a vertebral column, cranium, limbs, and what else?

[ "tissue girdles", "limb girdles", "blood girdles", "Skin Girdles" ]

B

sciq-3393

multiple_choice

What two basic types of feather does a bird have?

[ "up and down", "carrying and down", "flight and landing", "flight and down" ]

D

sciq-10469

multiple_choice

What term in physics refers to the use of force to move an object?

[ "mass", "velocity", "momentum", "work" ]

D

sciq-7505

multiple_choice

What are the two hormones primarily responsible for maintaining homeostasis of blood glucose levels?

[ "dopamine and melanin", "anabolic and metabolic", "insulin and estrogen", "insulin and glucagon" ]

D

sciq-1730

multiple_choice

What causes continents to drift closer to the poles or the equator?

[ "plate tectonics", "time", "earthquakes", "plate movements" ]

D

sciq-4681

multiple_choice

What do you call the patterns and groups of stars in the sky that ancient people observed and made stories about?

[ "asteroid fields", "constellations", "meteors", "planets" ]

B

sciq-11447

multiple_choice

Compound light microscopes use lenses to do what?

[ "stop light", "twist light", "burn light", "focus light" ]

D

sciq-11154

multiple_choice

What is a copy of an object that is formed by reflected light?

[ "example", "image", "deflection", "instance" ]

B

sciq-3421

multiple_choice

How many different main types of diabetes are there?

[ "two", "ten", "three", "four" ]

A

sciq-9285

multiple_choice

The air bubbles resulting from cavitation expand and block water channels of the what?

[ "xylem", "respiration", "heart", "ectoderm" ]

A

sciq-9779

multiple_choice

If a machine only changes the direction of a force without changing the ratio of the output/input forces, then what is its associated mechanical advantage?

[ "1.5", "2", "1", "4" ]

C

sciq-11444

multiple_choice

What is the common measure of how hot or cold something is?

[ "precipitation", "weight", "variation", "temperature" ]

D

sciq-11227

multiple_choice

What is a thick, dark brown or black liquid found in rock layers of the earth's crust?

[ "fossil fuel", "propane", "coal", "oil" ]

D

sciq-9866

multiple_choice

The vas deferens and ejaculatory ducts are part of what system?

[ "male circulatory system", "female adaptive system", "male reproductive system", "female reproductive system" ]

C

sciq-5661

multiple_choice

One molecule of carbon dioxide consists of 1 atom of carbon and 2 atoms of what element?

[ "nitrogen", "oxygen", "methane", "hydrogen" ]

B

sciq-7453

multiple_choice

What type of creature is a scallop?

[ "mollusk", "algae", "vertabrate", "insect" ]

A

sciq-3289

multiple_choice

Gases on earth originated from comets and what events?

[ "supernovas", "tides", "volcanic eruptions", "black holes" ]

C

sciq-1335

multiple_choice

Enzymes speed up the rate of a specific chemical reaction and is therefore known as what?

[ "characteristic catalysts", "biochemical catalysts", "protein catalysts", "genetic catalysts" ]

B

sciq-8795

multiple_choice

What is the release of particles and/or energy from the nucleus of an atom described as?

[ "kinetic energy", "momentum", "radioactivity", "temperature" ]

C

sciq-11223

multiple_choice

The volume of a regularly shaped solid can be calculated from its what?

[ "layers", "dimensions", "density", "mass" ]

B

sciq-5070

multiple_choice

What makes echinoderms force water into the feet and move forward?

[ "spring contractions", "muscle contractions", "vacuum contractions", "field contractions" ]

B

sciq-8947

multiple_choice

What mammal is the most intelligent?

[ "monkey", "dog", "lion", "humans" ]

D

sciq-4796

multiple_choice

What is the amount of moisture in the atmosphere?

[ "static", "mixture", "heat", "humidity" ]

D

sciq-6286

multiple_choice

What is the only substance on earth that is present in all three states of matter?

[ "water", "mercury", "air", "carbon" ]

A

sciq-6451

multiple_choice

What term is used to describe molecules that contain carbon-nitrogen bonds?

[ "compounds", "amines", "nitrites", "ions" ]

B

sciq-5349

multiple_choice

What is the process in which gases are exchanged between the body and the outside air?

[ "precipitation", "metabolism", "ingestion", "respiration" ]

D

ai2_arc-663

multiple_choice

The building of a dam will most likely

[ "prevent water pollution.", "destroy habitat for many animal species.", "allow fish to more easily swim up river.", "cause people to consume more water." ]

B

ai2_arc-349

multiple_choice

A student observed a sample of water in three states of matter. The student should describe the liquid water as a state of matter that has

[ "more kinetic energy than the solid state.", "more mass than the solid state.", "less kinetic energy than the solid state.", "less volume than the solid state." ]

A

sciq-9436

multiple_choice

What form of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume?

[ "liquid", "solid", "gas", "plasma" ]

C

sciq-10598

multiple_choice

The shape of earlobes is an example of what kind of trait, which is influenced by genes and passed along through generations?

[ "genetic disorder", "inherited trait", "acquired trait", "instinct" ]

B

sciq-1338

multiple_choice

During what type of reproduction do two haploid gametes join in the process of fertilization to produce a diploid zygote?

[ "asexual reproduction", "essential reproduction", "internal reproduction", "sexual reproduction" ]

D

sciq-11172

multiple_choice

What travels 9.5 trillion kilometers a year?

[ "electricity", "light", "Sound", "air" ]

B

sciq-5145

multiple_choice

What are the strongest magnets made?

[ "polarized magnets", "natural magnets", "electromagnets", "permanent magnets" ]

C

sciq-8889

multiple_choice

How does litmus paper indicate the ph value of a solution?

[ "by smell", "by texture", "by color", "by shape" ]

C

ai2_arc-641

multiple_choice

What unit do scientists use to measure the distance between stars?

[ "light-year", "angstrom unit", "astronomical unit", "apparent magnitude" ]

A

sciq-9723

multiple_choice

What determines velocity?

[ "direction", "mass per unit", "change in direction", "distance over time in a given direction" ]

D

sciq-10940

multiple_choice

What equals the mass of the object (in kilograms) times the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s 2 )?

[ "velocity", "density", "weight", "speed of light" ]

C

sciq-9789

multiple_choice

We would genetically be all the same if genes did not have different what?

[ "atoms", "alleles", "bases", "antigens" ]

B

sciq-3894

multiple_choice

Skeletal and muscular are examples of what type of system?

[ "organ system", "shell system", "internal system", "interior system" ]

A

sciq-10130

multiple_choice

Closely associated with "work", what is characterized by its many forms and the fact that it is conserved?

[ "heating", "fuel", "matter", "energy" ]

D

scienceQA-4548

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? adding dish soap to water in a sink sediment settling to the bottom of a muddy puddle

[ "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are caused by cooling." ]

B

Step 1: Think about each change. Adding dish soap to water in a sink is a physical change. Bubbles may appear if air gets trapped in the soapy water, but a different type of matter does not form. Loose matter such as sand and dirt is called sediment. Sediment settling to the bottom of a muddy puddle is a physical change. The sediment sinks, and the water above becomes clearer. This separates the water from the sediment. But separating a mixture does not form a different type of matter. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are physical changes. No new matter is created. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are physical changes. They are not chemical changes. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

scienceQA-7364

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? mixing sand and water picking up a paper clip with a magnet

[ "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are only physical changes." ]

D

Step 1: Think about each change. Mixing sand and water is a physical change. Adding water makes the sand wet. But both the sand and water are still made of the same type of matter as before. Picking up a paper clip with a magnet is a physical change. The paper clip sticks to the magnet, but it is still made of the same type of matter. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are physical changes. No new matter is created. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are physical changes. They are not chemical changes. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

sciq-11105

multiple_choice

What type of shape does sodium chloride have?

[ "cubic", "trianguler", "round", "oblong" ]

A

sciq-10709

multiple_choice

What also receives input from other areas of the forebrain through the medial forebrain bundle?

[ "pituitary gland", "hypothalamus", "hippocampus", "optic chiasm" ]

B

sciq-10531

multiple_choice

After infecting a host, what inactive state do some viruses enter?

[ "potency", "latency", "hibernation", "immunity" ]

B

sciq-4548

multiple_choice

Which type of bryophytes are named for their horn-like sporophytes?

[ "tapeworms", "hornworts", "flatworms", "arthropods" ]

B

sciq-7946

multiple_choice

What organ system transports blood through the body and to and from the lungs?

[ "nervous", "metabolism", "digestive", "circulatory" ]

D

ai2_arc-856

multiple_choice

A sign that an apple tree is going to start growing apples is when the tree has ___.

[ "roots", "seeds", "leaves", "flowers" ]

D

sciq-8350

multiple_choice

The physical properties of gases are predictable using mathematical formulas known as what?

[ "air laws", "gas laws", "vapor laws", "state laws" ]

B

sciq-229

multiple_choice

What unit of measure is equal to the amount of work a horse can do in 1 minute?

[ "joule", "watt", "torque", "horsepower" ]

D

sciq-6262

multiple_choice

What is another term for nearsightedness?

[ "hypoxia", "astigmatism", "anemia", "myopia" ]

D

sciq-4528

multiple_choice

What are the only innate behaviors in humans?

[ "insight behaviors", "reflex behaviors", "learned behaviors", "inherited traits" ]

B

scienceQA-9142

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? a piece of avocado turning brown milk going sour

[ "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are only physical changes." ]

C

Step 1: Think about each change. A piece of avocado turning brown is a chemical change. The avocado reacts with oxygen in the air to form a different type of matter. If you scrape off the brown part of the avocado, the inside will still be green. The inside hasn't touched the air. So the chemical change hasn't happened to that part of the avocado. Milk going sour is a chemical change. The type of matter in the milk slowly changes. The new matter that is formed gives the milk its sour taste. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.