Jenjamin3000/MNLP_M3_MCQA_before_FT · Datasets at Hugging Face

id stringlengths 6 15	question_type stringclasses 1 value	question stringlengths 15 683	choices listlengths 4 4	answer stringclasses 5 values	explanation stringclasses 481 values
sciq-4486	multiple_choice	Hydrogen and helium are specifically involved as reactants in what nuclear reaction that is useful for making energy?	[ "nuclear fission", "destructive fusion", "radioactive fusion", "nuclear fusion" ]	D
sciq-460	multiple_choice	Marine fishes take in divalent ions by incessantly drinking what?	[ "sand", "oxygen", "algae", "seawater" ]	D
ai2_arc-782	multiple_choice	In which organisms could evolution occur most rapidly?	[ "humans", "fish", "birds", "bacteria" ]	E
ai2_arc-1049	multiple_choice	What occurs if the body's renal system fails to work?	[ "Gas exchange is impaired.", "Blood oxygenation no longer occurs.", "Metabolic waste builds up in the blood.", "Nutrients are no longer transported to organs." ]	C
sciq-1394	multiple_choice	The logistics of carrying out cellular metabolism sets limits on what physical property of the cell?	[ "composition", "layer", "size", "surface" ]	C
ai2_arc-1059	multiple_choice	New technology in some countries focuses on medical procedures and space exploration. In other countries, new technology focuses on preventing disease and feeding an increasing population. Which statement best explains why countries focus on different types of new technology?	[ "Technological advances are not effective in some populations.", "Needs and attitudes influence technological development.", "Medical advances are not important in some countries.", "Technology is inexpensive in developing countries." ]	B
sciq-4904	multiple_choice	The cochlea and vestibul make up what part of the ear?	[ "outer", "middle", "inner", "upper" ]	C
sciq-11324	multiple_choice	What is the largest level of organization?	[ "organelle", "organism", "protein", "genome" ]	B
sciq-7719	multiple_choice	The visceral senses are most often below the limit of conscious perception because they are involved in this?	[ "sensory balance", "subtle regulation", "homeostatic manipulation", "homeostatic regulation" ]	D
sciq-10289	multiple_choice	For geneticists, the findings of what massive undertaking are significant in determining disease-causing alleles?	[ "human produce project", "human organisms project", "Visible Human Project", "human genome project" ]	D
sciq-10571	multiple_choice	What is the second most common type of cancer in both men and women?	[ "heart", "breast", "skin", "lung" ]	D
sciq-9480	multiple_choice	Microevolution occurs in a population when what frequencies change over time?	[ "eukaryote", "allele", "molecule", "antenna" ]	B
sciq-8491	multiple_choice	What is the most complex organ in the human body?	[ "liver", "heart", "brain", "muscular" ]	C
sciq-522	multiple_choice	The negative logarithm of the hydroxide-ion concentration of a solution is called?	[ "the piel", "the hop", "the poh", "the hil" ]	C
sciq-7544	multiple_choice	What type of interspecies relationship involves one party being actively harmed?	[ "parasitism", "mosaicism", "symbiosis", "mutualism" ]	A
sciq-10751	multiple_choice	The lifecycle of an ascomycete is characterized by the production of what during the sexual phase?	[ "cerci", "abaci", "flageli", "asci" ]	D
sciq-685	multiple_choice	How many types of galaxies are there?	[ "two", "three", "one", "five" ]	B
scienceQA-4948	multiple_choice	Select the part whose main job is to control which substances enter and leave a plant cell.	[ "cell membrane", "cytoplasm", "mitochondria", "vacuole" ]	A	The cell membrane is a thin layer that wraps around the cytoplasm. In a plant cell, the cell wall surrounds the cell membrane. Most substances can pass through the cell wall. But when these substances reach the cell membrane, only some of them are able to enter the cell.
ai2_arc-1110	multiple_choice	What would most likely be measure during an investigation of the water cycle?	[ "wind speed", "ozone layer", "natural gas emissions", "precipitation amounts" ]	D
ai2_arc-735	multiple_choice	Why is it better to wear a white T-shirt than a dark blue T-shirt in the summer?	[ "Light-colored clothes let more air in.", "Light-colored clothes prevent sweating.", "Light-colored clothes are not as heavy as dark-colored clothes.", "Light-colored clothes reflect more sunlight than dark-colored clothes." ]	D
ai2_arc-764	multiple_choice	Clams, oysters, and mussels eat plankton filtered from water. How would clams, oysters, and mussels most likely be affected if the amount of plankton in a large body of water was significantly reduced?	[ "They would increase in number.", "They would find a new food source.", "They would become prey to other animals.", "They would compete for a limited food source." ]	D
sciq-1283	multiple_choice	Do waves move faster when particles are close to each other or far away?	[ "far away", "open", "unaffected", "close" ]	D
ai2_arc-261	multiple_choice	Students dropped different rocks into sand to simulate meteorite impacts. Their goal was to determine which rock made the deepest crater. Which variable should the students control in order to have the most accurate results?	[ "the height from which the rocks are dropped", "the average time it takes the rocks to fall", "the density of the rocks", "the mass of the rocks" ]	A
sciq-2407	multiple_choice	The stability of an ecosystem depends on the actions of what, exemplified by mushrooms on a decaying log and bacteria in soil?	[ "whitefly", "aphids", "fluxes", "decomposers" ]	D
sciq-6201	multiple_choice	What term describes the amount of solute in a given amount of solution?	[ "temperature", "density", "concentration", "cloudiness" ]	C
sciq-11636	multiple_choice	All organisms must adapt to what in order to survive?	[ "conditions", "weather", "environment", "natural" ]	C
sciq-2456	multiple_choice	Where do two or more bones of the skeleton meet?	[ "junctures", "joints", "valves", "muscle paths" ]	B
sciq-9499	multiple_choice	What do the gonadotropins regulate?	[ "epigenesis", "mitosis", "temperature", "gametogenesis" ]	D
sciq-303	multiple_choice	What type of winds occur when air is forced over a mountain range?	[ "local winds", "doldrums", "trade winds", "chinook winds" ]	D
sciq-1126	multiple_choice	What happens to evolution when equilibrium is reached within the genes of the population?	[ "it stops occurring", "it accelerates", "it starts over", "it goes backwards" ]	A
sciq-7230	multiple_choice	What is the continental margin made of?	[ "boundary crust", "pangea", "continental drift", "continental crust" ]	D
sciq-3712	multiple_choice	What disease is given as an example of a sex-linked trait?	[ "hypertension", "arthritis", "hemophilia", "emphysema" ]	C
sciq-3273	multiple_choice	What is the general name for a wave that travels along the surface of a medium?	[ "light wave", "stack wave", "surface wave", "speed wave" ]	C
sciq-1161	multiple_choice	What are chemical bonds between atoms of nonmetals that share valence electrons called?	[ "gravitational bonds", "ionic bonds", "electron bonds", "covalent bonds" ]	D
sciq-5128	multiple_choice	Which water from the equator mixes with cold water from the poles?	[ "spring water", "ice water", "hot", "warm" ]	D
sciq-1406	multiple_choice	What gas comprises about three-fourths of earth's atmosphere?	[ "carbon dioxide", "nitrogen", "oxygen", "hydrogen" ]	B
sciq-3689	multiple_choice	What blood protein carries oxygen from the lungs to cells throughout the body?	[ "platelets", "dopamine", "hemoglobin", "plasma" ]	C
sciq-7253	multiple_choice	Soil that forms in place over a very long period is called what?	[ "resultant soil", "leakage soil", "residual soil", "antique soil" ]	C
ai2_arc-55	multiple_choice	Which conclusion is best supported by a tree-growth ring that is much narrower than the other growth rings?	[ "Crops grew well that year.", "One year was unusually dry.", "The tree was planted long ago.", "The area used to have more trees." ]	B
sciq-7340	multiple_choice	What type of motion only occurs when there is one force applied at the beginning of the trajectory after which there is no interference apart from gravity?	[ "thrust", "projectile", "velocity", "propellant" ]	B
sciq-11060	multiple_choice	What type of solvents is glucose insoluble in?	[ "nonpolar", "alkaline", "acidic", "polar" ]	A
sciq-2409	multiple_choice	What is the only planet that is known to support life?	[ "Saturn", "Mars", "earth", "Venus" ]	C
sciq-9322	multiple_choice	What is produced during the hydrogenation of vegetable oils?	[ "complete fatty acids", "partially-hydrogenated fatty acids", "rich fatty acids", "trans fatty acids" ]	D
sciq-3410	multiple_choice	What are carbonated beverages pressurized with?	[ "helium", "co2", "dioxide", "hydrogen" ]	B
sciq-9926	multiple_choice	What is the logarithmic scale that measures the largest jolt of energy released by an earthquake called?	[ "richter scale", "tremor scale", "Shake scale", "Geiger counter" ]	A
scienceQA-358	multiple_choice	Select the vertebrate.	[ "green iguana", "julia butterfly", "black orb weaver spider", "bull ant" ]	A	A bull ant is an insect. Like other insects, a bull ant is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. Like other spiders, a black orb weaver spider is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A julia butterfly is an insect. Like other insects, a julia butterfly is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A green iguana is a reptile. Like other reptiles, a green iguana is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
sciq-4898	multiple_choice	A mammal that reproduces by laying eggs is called what?	[ "monotreme", "maidenhair", "cactaceae", "mammal" ]	A
sciq-1688	multiple_choice	What is the process in which unstable nuclei become stable by emitting particles and energy and changing to different elements called?	[ "nuclear decay", "radioactive decay", "initial decay", "radioactive decrease" ]	B
sciq-1411	multiple_choice	Chlorine and bromine gases released into the atmosphere have helped damage what layer of the atmosphere?	[ "carbon layer", "polluted layer", "stratospheric layer", "ozone layer" ]	D
sciq-3985	multiple_choice	What do voltmeters measure?	[ "amplitude", "frequency", "voltage", "temperature" ]	C
sciq-3017	multiple_choice	What can be described as a tiny male gametophyte enclosed in a tough capsule?	[ "grain of pollen", "dna", "seed", "cell" ]	A
scienceQA-6224	multiple_choice	Select the fish below.	[ "bald eagle", "anchovy", "brown tree frog", "loon" ]	B	An anchovy is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. An anchovy is a small fish that lives in the ocean. Like some other types of fish, anchovies swim in large groups called schools. A bald eagle is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Bald eagles live in trees near water. They build nests that can be up to 13 feet wide! A loon is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Loons usually live near lakes. They dive in the water to hunt for food. A brown tree frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. There are many kinds of tree frogs. Most tree frogs are very small. They can walk on thin branches.
sciq-10757	multiple_choice	What is a sac-like organ at the end of the esophagus?	[ "spleen", "appendix", "larynx", "the stomach" ]	D
sciq-3160	multiple_choice	Torpor, a process that leads to a decrease in activity and metabolism and allows animals to survive adverse conditions, includes what long winter 'sleep'?	[ "hibernation", "fermentation", "relaxation", "pollination" ]	A
sciq-9262	multiple_choice	Evolution happens because of what?	[ "natural resources", "natural selection", "natural change", "natural process" ]	B
sciq-4981	multiple_choice	What are color and hardness physical properties of?	[ "matter", "ions", "cells", "elements" ]	A
sciq-3231	multiple_choice	Which energy is momentarily stored in tendons after each leap provides a boost for the next leap?	[ "thermal", "magnetic", "kinetic", "alternating" ]	C
ai2_arc-290	multiple_choice	In a copper wire, a temperature increase is the result of which of the following?	[ "an increase in the size of the copper particles", "a decrease in the mass of the copper particles", "an increase in the motion of the copper particles", "a decrease in the distance between the copper particles" ]	C
sciq-2145	multiple_choice	Is the digestive tract of many sharks longer or shorter than many other vertebrates?	[ "shorter", "heavier", "longer", "narrower" ]	A
sciq-6089	multiple_choice	What do you call the two ends of a magnet where the magnetic effect is strongest?	[ "opposites", "poles", "plates", "magnetos" ]	B
sciq-6408	multiple_choice	What is the fundamental unit of structure and function in all living organisms?	[ "the cell", "the backbone", "the spinal cord", "the vessels" ]	A
sciq-3496	multiple_choice	Name the missing call of biochemical compound: carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids.	[ "enzymes", "lipids", "tissues", "microorganisms" ]	B
sciq-213	multiple_choice	In a monogamous pairing, a male individual is generally paired with what other type of individual in a sexual relationship?	[ "drone", "male", "worker", "female" ]	D
sciq-5574	multiple_choice	The addition of heat changes liquid water to what?	[ "ice", "distilled water", "water vapor", "rainwater" ]	C
scienceQA-10795	multiple_choice	Select the vertebrate.	[ "Bactrian camel", "flower hat jellyfish", "diving beetle", "saturn butterfly" ]	A	A diving beetle is an insect. Like other insects, a diving beetle is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A saturn butterfly is an insect. Like other insects, a saturn butterfly is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A Bactrian camel is a mammal. Like other mammals, a Bactrian camel is a vertebrate. It has a backbone. Like other jellyfishes, a flower hat jellyfish is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has a soft body.
sciq-10084	multiple_choice	What property is the result of the force of gravity being opposed by the normal force?	[ "sound", "light", "density", "weight" ]	D
sciq-1122	multiple_choice	Use of oil-consuming bacteria to clean up an oil spill is an example of what?	[ "generation", "biodegradation", "coagulation", "bioremediation" ]	D
sciq-4271	multiple_choice	Mutations which benefit the organism in which they occur are known as?	[ "extraordinary mutations", "beneficial mutations", "helpful mutations", "healthy mutations" ]	B
sciq-3096	multiple_choice	What type of waves radiate energy out from an earthquake's focus?	[ "volcanic", "seismic", "abnormal", "Microwaves" ]	B
sciq-10771	multiple_choice	What is a thin layer of gas that surrounds earth called?	[ "the wind cycle", "the dioxide", "the atmosphere", "the cloud cover" ]	C
sciq-10631	multiple_choice	Ions are charged what?	[ "atoms", "protons", "isotopes", "molecules" ]	A
sciq-8180	multiple_choice	Nonvascular plants such as liverworts, hornworts, and mosses lack what three typical plant features?	[ "roots, leaves, chloroplasts", "roots, stems, leaves", "flowers, leaves, bark", "chloroplasts, stems, flowers" ]	B
sciq-3277	multiple_choice	An object undergoing circular motion experiences centripetal what?	[ "transmission", "velocity", "acceleration", "vibration" ]	C
scienceQA-8347	multiple_choice	Select the bird.	[ "gray tree frog", "Surinam horned frog", "turkey vulture", "green moray eel" ]	C	A green moray eel is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Eels are long and thin. They may have small fins. They look like snakes, but they are fish! A Surinam horned frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. Frogs live near water or in damp places. Most frogs lay their eggs in water. A gray tree frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. There are many kinds of tree frogs. Most tree frogs are very small. They can walk on thin branches. A turkey vulture is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Vultures do not usually hunt live animals. They eat animals that are already dead! This behavior is called scavenging.
scienceQA-5180	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? plants making food from sunlight, air, and water cooking a pancake	[ "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are caused by cooling." ]	B	Step 1: Think about each change. Plants making food is a chemical change. Plants use energy from sunlight to change air and water into food. The food is sugar. Sugar is a different type of matter than air or water. Cooking a pancake is a chemical change. Pancakes are made from pancake batter. A cooked pancake is a different type of matter than pancake batter. Pancake batter is wet and slippery. Cooked pancakes are fluffy and can be good to eat! Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Cooking is caused by heating. But plants making food is not. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.
ai2_arc-94	multiple_choice	Many common hand tools create a mechanical advantage by using the basic principles found in simple machines. For example, a screwdriver uses the principles of the wheel and axle. In order to increase gripping force, pliers use the principle demonstrated in the	[ "pulley.", "lever.", "wedge.", "screw." ]	B
ai2_arc-241	multiple_choice	In the summer, the Arctic fox's fur is dark gray or brown. In the winter, its fur is white. The changes in color enable the fox to	[ "stay dry in the winter.", "hunt for food at all times.", "stay warm in the summer.", "blend in with its surroundings." ]	D
sciq-6556	multiple_choice	What happened to earth's species during the permian period?	[ "mass extinction", "division", "duplication", "evolution" ]	A
sciq-6934	multiple_choice	Quarks in the middle energy family are found in cosmic rays and are produced in what?	[ "particle processors", "cosmic accelerators", "particle splicers", "particle accelerators" ]	D
sciq-112	multiple_choice	What are sores in the lining of the stomach or duodenum that are usually caused by bacterial infections or acidity?	[ "clots", "lesions", "hernia", "ulcers" ]	D
ai2_arc-653	multiple_choice	In one of the steps of the carbon cycle, a person exhales a molecule of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. Which of the following is most likely to happen next to the atom of carbon in this molecule?	[ "It may be used as part of a sugar in a plant.", "It may become part of a protein in an animal.", "It may be consumed as a fossil fuel is burned.", "It may be decomposed into carbon and oxygen by a bacterium." ]	A
ai2_arc-490	multiple_choice	James put some water in a pan. He put the pan on a stove and turned the stove on low. What will happen to the water?	[ "The water will melt.", "The water will evaporate.", "The water will form a solid.", "The water will condense into tiny droplets." ]	B
ai2_arc-317	multiple_choice	All of these are ways to stay safe around electricity except	[ "staying away from power lines.", "using cords in good condition.", "plugging many appliances into one outlet.", "keeping electricity away from water." ]	C
sciq-1752	multiple_choice	A visual "copy" of an object that is formed by reflected or refracted light is called what?	[ "mirror", "photo", "image", "instance" ]	C
sciq-4764	multiple_choice	What type of work called occurs when a system pushes back the surroundings against a restraining pressure?	[ "expansion work", "shape work", "retention work", "contrast work" ]	A
sciq-5523	multiple_choice	More uv rays reach the ground due to a decrease in what layer in the stratosphere?	[ "gases", "ozone", "smog", "troposphere" ]	B
sciq-7683	multiple_choice	What are ionic compounds that produce hydroxide ions when dissolved in water?	[ "isotopes", "enzymes", "acids", "bases" ]	D
sciq-10667	multiple_choice	What is it called when a charge moves against a field?	[ "momentum", "power", "force", "work" ]	D
sciq-6317	multiple_choice	What is type of substance is formed when water vapor condenses or when ice melts?	[ "chemical water", "toxic water", "liquid water", "gaseous water" ]	C
sciq-9315	multiple_choice	What is the hardest type of coal?	[ "lignite", "Bituminous", "peat", "anthracite" ]	D
sciq-9877	multiple_choice	What do drugs that alleviate symptoms of schizophrenia block?	[ "dopamine receptors", "ephedrine receptors", "histamine receptors", "adrenaline receptors" ]	A
sciq-4737	multiple_choice	Nuclear reactors use fission reactions to vaporize water, producing steam to drive a turbine and generate what?	[ "fuel", "electricity", "light", "oil" ]	B
sciq-9486	multiple_choice	The large and small intestine are both divided into how many parts?	[ "8", "3", "6", "2" ]	B
sciq-863	multiple_choice	What term is used to describe the change in size or volume of a given mass with temperature?	[ "atmospheric expansion", "freezing", "thermal contraction", "thermal expansion" ]	D
sciq-1609	multiple_choice	What are the building blocks of life?	[ "bricks", "cells", "seeds", "muscles" ]	B
sciq-6057	multiple_choice	How quickly a population changes in size over time is known as what?	[ "population growth rate", "population multiplication rate", "population impact rate", "population direction rate" ]	A
sciq-8994	multiple_choice	Red-green color blindness is an example of a sex-linked condition caused by what?	[ "genetic disorder", "recessive allele", "phenotype", "dominant gene" ]	B
scienceQA-9766	multiple_choice	Select the reptile.	[ "Amazon tree boa", "red-eyed tree frog", "poison dart frog", "salmon" ]	A	A salmon is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Unlike most other fish, salmon can live in both fresh water and salt water. An Amazon tree boa is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Tree boas eat small mammals, birds, lizards, and frogs. Tree boas only need to eat once every few months! A red-eyed tree frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. A red-eyed tree frog has sticky pads on its toes. The sticky pads help the red-eyed tree frog hold on to leaves. A poison dart frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. Poison dart frogs come in many bright colors. Their bright color warns other animals that these frogs are poisonous.
sciq-7361	multiple_choice	Kinetic energy is energy of this?	[ "speed", "gravity", "motion", "food" ]	C
sciq-1398	multiple_choice	Fungi cause three different types of human illness: poisonings, parasitic infections, and what?	[ "diabetes", "allergies", "diarrhea", "heart disease" ]	B

sciq-4486

multiple_choice

Hydrogen and helium are specifically involved as reactants in what nuclear reaction that is useful for making energy?

[ "nuclear fission", "destructive fusion", "radioactive fusion", "nuclear fusion" ]

D

sciq-460

multiple_choice

Marine fishes take in divalent ions by incessantly drinking what?

[ "sand", "oxygen", "algae", "seawater" ]

D

ai2_arc-782

multiple_choice

In which organisms could evolution occur most rapidly?

[ "humans", "fish", "birds", "bacteria" ]

E

ai2_arc-1049

multiple_choice

What occurs if the body's renal system fails to work?

[ "Gas exchange is impaired.", "Blood oxygenation no longer occurs.", "Metabolic waste builds up in the blood.", "Nutrients are no longer transported to organs." ]

C

sciq-1394

multiple_choice

The logistics of carrying out cellular metabolism sets limits on what physical property of the cell?

[ "composition", "layer", "size", "surface" ]

C

ai2_arc-1059

multiple_choice

New technology in some countries focuses on medical procedures and space exploration. In other countries, new technology focuses on preventing disease and feeding an increasing population. Which statement best explains why countries focus on different types of new technology?

[ "Technological advances are not effective in some populations.", "Needs and attitudes influence technological development.", "Medical advances are not important in some countries.", "Technology is inexpensive in developing countries." ]

B

sciq-4904

multiple_choice

The cochlea and vestibul make up what part of the ear?

[ "outer", "middle", "inner", "upper" ]

C

sciq-11324

multiple_choice

What is the largest level of organization?

[ "organelle", "organism", "protein", "genome" ]

B

sciq-7719

multiple_choice

The visceral senses are most often below the limit of conscious perception because they are involved in this?

[ "sensory balance", "subtle regulation", "homeostatic manipulation", "homeostatic regulation" ]

D

sciq-10289

multiple_choice

For geneticists, the findings of what massive undertaking are significant in determining disease-causing alleles?

[ "human produce project", "human organisms project", "Visible Human Project", "human genome project" ]

D

sciq-10571

multiple_choice

What is the second most common type of cancer in both men and women?

[ "heart", "breast", "skin", "lung" ]

D

sciq-9480

multiple_choice

Microevolution occurs in a population when what frequencies change over time?

[ "eukaryote", "allele", "molecule", "antenna" ]

B

sciq-8491

multiple_choice

What is the most complex organ in the human body?

[ "liver", "heart", "brain", "muscular" ]

C

sciq-522

multiple_choice

The negative logarithm of the hydroxide-ion concentration of a solution is called?

[ "the piel", "the hop", "the poh", "the hil" ]

C

sciq-7544

multiple_choice

What type of interspecies relationship involves one party being actively harmed?

[ "parasitism", "mosaicism", "symbiosis", "mutualism" ]

A

sciq-10751

multiple_choice

The lifecycle of an ascomycete is characterized by the production of what during the sexual phase?

[ "cerci", "abaci", "flageli", "asci" ]

D

sciq-685

multiple_choice

How many types of galaxies are there?

[ "two", "three", "one", "five" ]

B

scienceQA-4948

multiple_choice

Select the part whose main job is to control which substances enter and leave a plant cell.

[ "cell membrane", "cytoplasm", "mitochondria", "vacuole" ]

A

The cell membrane is a thin layer that wraps around the cytoplasm. In a plant cell, the cell wall surrounds the cell membrane. Most substances can pass through the cell wall. But when these substances reach the cell membrane, only some of them are able to enter the cell.

ai2_arc-1110

multiple_choice

What would most likely be measure during an investigation of the water cycle?

[ "wind speed", "ozone layer", "natural gas emissions", "precipitation amounts" ]

D

ai2_arc-735

multiple_choice

Why is it better to wear a white T-shirt than a dark blue T-shirt in the summer?

[ "Light-colored clothes let more air in.", "Light-colored clothes prevent sweating.", "Light-colored clothes are not as heavy as dark-colored clothes.", "Light-colored clothes reflect more sunlight than dark-colored clothes." ]

D

ai2_arc-764

multiple_choice

Clams, oysters, and mussels eat plankton filtered from water. How would clams, oysters, and mussels most likely be affected if the amount of plankton in a large body of water was significantly reduced?

[ "They would increase in number.", "They would find a new food source.", "They would become prey to other animals.", "They would compete for a limited food source." ]

D

sciq-1283

multiple_choice

Do waves move faster when particles are close to each other or far away?

[ "far away", "open", "unaffected", "close" ]

D

ai2_arc-261

multiple_choice

Students dropped different rocks into sand to simulate meteorite impacts. Their goal was to determine which rock made the deepest crater. Which variable should the students control in order to have the most accurate results?

[ "the height from which the rocks are dropped", "the average time it takes the rocks to fall", "the density of the rocks", "the mass of the rocks" ]

A

sciq-2407

multiple_choice

The stability of an ecosystem depends on the actions of what, exemplified by mushrooms on a decaying log and bacteria in soil?

[ "whitefly", "aphids", "fluxes", "decomposers" ]

D

sciq-6201

multiple_choice

What term describes the amount of solute in a given amount of solution?

[ "temperature", "density", "concentration", "cloudiness" ]

C

sciq-11636

multiple_choice

All organisms must adapt to what in order to survive?

[ "conditions", "weather", "environment", "natural" ]

C

sciq-2456

multiple_choice

Where do two or more bones of the skeleton meet?

[ "junctures", "joints", "valves", "muscle paths" ]

B

sciq-9499

multiple_choice

What do the gonadotropins regulate?

[ "epigenesis", "mitosis", "temperature", "gametogenesis" ]

D

sciq-303

multiple_choice

What type of winds occur when air is forced over a mountain range?

[ "local winds", "doldrums", "trade winds", "chinook winds" ]

D

sciq-1126

multiple_choice

What happens to evolution when equilibrium is reached within the genes of the population?

[ "it stops occurring", "it accelerates", "it starts over", "it goes backwards" ]

A

sciq-7230

multiple_choice

What is the continental margin made of?

[ "boundary crust", "pangea", "continental drift", "continental crust" ]

D

sciq-3712

multiple_choice

What disease is given as an example of a sex-linked trait?

[ "hypertension", "arthritis", "hemophilia", "emphysema" ]

C

sciq-3273

multiple_choice

What is the general name for a wave that travels along the surface of a medium?

[ "light wave", "stack wave", "surface wave", "speed wave" ]

C

sciq-1161

multiple_choice

What are chemical bonds between atoms of nonmetals that share valence electrons called?

[ "gravitational bonds", "ionic bonds", "electron bonds", "covalent bonds" ]

D

sciq-5128

multiple_choice

Which water from the equator mixes with cold water from the poles?

[ "spring water", "ice water", "hot", "warm" ]

D

sciq-1406

multiple_choice

What gas comprises about three-fourths of earth's atmosphere?

[ "carbon dioxide", "nitrogen", "oxygen", "hydrogen" ]

B

sciq-3689

multiple_choice

What blood protein carries oxygen from the lungs to cells throughout the body?

[ "platelets", "dopamine", "hemoglobin", "plasma" ]

C

sciq-7253

multiple_choice

Soil that forms in place over a very long period is called what?

[ "resultant soil", "leakage soil", "residual soil", "antique soil" ]

C

ai2_arc-55

multiple_choice

Which conclusion is best supported by a tree-growth ring that is much narrower than the other growth rings?

[ "Crops grew well that year.", "One year was unusually dry.", "The tree was planted long ago.", "The area used to have more trees." ]

B

sciq-7340

multiple_choice

What type of motion only occurs when there is one force applied at the beginning of the trajectory after which there is no interference apart from gravity?

[ "thrust", "projectile", "velocity", "propellant" ]

B

sciq-11060

multiple_choice

What type of solvents is glucose insoluble in?

[ "nonpolar", "alkaline", "acidic", "polar" ]

A

sciq-2409

multiple_choice

What is the only planet that is known to support life?

[ "Saturn", "Mars", "earth", "Venus" ]

C

sciq-9322

multiple_choice

What is produced during the hydrogenation of vegetable oils?

[ "complete fatty acids", "partially-hydrogenated fatty acids", "rich fatty acids", "trans fatty acids" ]

D

sciq-3410

multiple_choice

What are carbonated beverages pressurized with?

[ "helium", "co2", "dioxide", "hydrogen" ]

B

sciq-9926

multiple_choice

What is the logarithmic scale that measures the largest jolt of energy released by an earthquake called?

[ "richter scale", "tremor scale", "Shake scale", "Geiger counter" ]

A

scienceQA-358

multiple_choice

Select the vertebrate.

[ "green iguana", "julia butterfly", "black orb weaver spider", "bull ant" ]

A

A bull ant is an insect. Like other insects, a bull ant is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. Like other spiders, a black orb weaver spider is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A julia butterfly is an insect. Like other insects, a julia butterfly is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A green iguana is a reptile. Like other reptiles, a green iguana is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.

sciq-4898

multiple_choice

A mammal that reproduces by laying eggs is called what?

[ "monotreme", "maidenhair", "cactaceae", "mammal" ]

A

sciq-1688

multiple_choice

What is the process in which unstable nuclei become stable by emitting particles and energy and changing to different elements called?

[ "nuclear decay", "radioactive decay", "initial decay", "radioactive decrease" ]

B

sciq-1411

multiple_choice

Chlorine and bromine gases released into the atmosphere have helped damage what layer of the atmosphere?

[ "carbon layer", "polluted layer", "stratospheric layer", "ozone layer" ]

D

sciq-3985

multiple_choice

What do voltmeters measure?

[ "amplitude", "frequency", "voltage", "temperature" ]

C

sciq-3017

multiple_choice

What can be described as a tiny male gametophyte enclosed in a tough capsule?

[ "grain of pollen", "dna", "seed", "cell" ]

A

scienceQA-6224

multiple_choice

Select the fish below.

[ "bald eagle", "anchovy", "brown tree frog", "loon" ]

B

An anchovy is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. An anchovy is a small fish that lives in the ocean. Like some other types of fish, anchovies swim in large groups called schools. A bald eagle is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Bald eagles live in trees near water. They build nests that can be up to 13 feet wide! A loon is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Loons usually live near lakes. They dive in the water to hunt for food. A brown tree frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. There are many kinds of tree frogs. Most tree frogs are very small. They can walk on thin branches.

sciq-10757

multiple_choice

What is a sac-like organ at the end of the esophagus?

[ "spleen", "appendix", "larynx", "the stomach" ]

D

sciq-3160

multiple_choice

Torpor, a process that leads to a decrease in activity and metabolism and allows animals to survive adverse conditions, includes what long winter 'sleep'?

[ "hibernation", "fermentation", "relaxation", "pollination" ]

A

sciq-9262

multiple_choice

Evolution happens because of what?

[ "natural resources", "natural selection", "natural change", "natural process" ]

B

sciq-4981

multiple_choice

What are color and hardness physical properties of?

[ "matter", "ions", "cells", "elements" ]

A

sciq-3231

multiple_choice

Which energy is momentarily stored in tendons after each leap provides a boost for the next leap?

[ "thermal", "magnetic", "kinetic", "alternating" ]

C

ai2_arc-290

multiple_choice

In a copper wire, a temperature increase is the result of which of the following?

[ "an increase in the size of the copper particles", "a decrease in the mass of the copper particles", "an increase in the motion of the copper particles", "a decrease in the distance between the copper particles" ]

C

sciq-2145

multiple_choice

Is the digestive tract of many sharks longer or shorter than many other vertebrates?

[ "shorter", "heavier", "longer", "narrower" ]

A

sciq-6089

multiple_choice

What do you call the two ends of a magnet where the magnetic effect is strongest?

[ "opposites", "poles", "plates", "magnetos" ]

B

sciq-6408

multiple_choice

What is the fundamental unit of structure and function in all living organisms?

[ "the cell", "the backbone", "the spinal cord", "the vessels" ]

A

sciq-3496

multiple_choice

Name the missing call of biochemical compound: carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids.

[ "enzymes", "lipids", "tissues", "microorganisms" ]

B

sciq-213

multiple_choice

In a monogamous pairing, a male individual is generally paired with what other type of individual in a sexual relationship?

[ "drone", "male", "worker", "female" ]

D

sciq-5574

multiple_choice

The addition of heat changes liquid water to what?

[ "ice", "distilled water", "water vapor", "rainwater" ]

C

scienceQA-10795

multiple_choice

Select the vertebrate.

[ "Bactrian camel", "flower hat jellyfish", "diving beetle", "saturn butterfly" ]

A

A diving beetle is an insect. Like other insects, a diving beetle is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A saturn butterfly is an insect. Like other insects, a saturn butterfly is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A Bactrian camel is a mammal. Like other mammals, a Bactrian camel is a vertebrate. It has a backbone. Like other jellyfishes, a flower hat jellyfish is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has a soft body.

sciq-10084

multiple_choice

What property is the result of the force of gravity being opposed by the normal force?

[ "sound", "light", "density", "weight" ]

D

sciq-1122

multiple_choice

Use of oil-consuming bacteria to clean up an oil spill is an example of what?

[ "generation", "biodegradation", "coagulation", "bioremediation" ]

D

sciq-4271

multiple_choice

Mutations which benefit the organism in which they occur are known as?

[ "extraordinary mutations", "beneficial mutations", "helpful mutations", "healthy mutations" ]

B

sciq-3096

multiple_choice

What type of waves radiate energy out from an earthquake's focus?

[ "volcanic", "seismic", "abnormal", "Microwaves" ]

B

sciq-10771

multiple_choice

What is a thin layer of gas that surrounds earth called?

[ "the wind cycle", "the dioxide", "the atmosphere", "the cloud cover" ]

C

sciq-10631

multiple_choice

Ions are charged what?

[ "atoms", "protons", "isotopes", "molecules" ]

A

sciq-8180

multiple_choice

Nonvascular plants such as liverworts, hornworts, and mosses lack what three typical plant features?

[ "roots, leaves, chloroplasts", "roots, stems, leaves", "flowers, leaves, bark", "chloroplasts, stems, flowers" ]

B

sciq-3277

multiple_choice

An object undergoing circular motion experiences centripetal what?

[ "transmission", "velocity", "acceleration", "vibration" ]

C

scienceQA-8347

multiple_choice

Select the bird.

[ "gray tree frog", "Surinam horned frog", "turkey vulture", "green moray eel" ]

C

A green moray eel is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Eels are long and thin. They may have small fins. They look like snakes, but they are fish! A Surinam horned frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. Frogs live near water or in damp places. Most frogs lay their eggs in water. A gray tree frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. There are many kinds of tree frogs. Most tree frogs are very small. They can walk on thin branches. A turkey vulture is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Vultures do not usually hunt live animals. They eat animals that are already dead! This behavior is called scavenging.

scienceQA-5180

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? plants making food from sunlight, air, and water cooking a pancake

[ "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are caused by cooling." ]

B

Step 1: Think about each change. Plants making food is a chemical change. Plants use energy from sunlight to change air and water into food. The food is sugar. Sugar is a different type of matter than air or water. Cooking a pancake is a chemical change. Pancakes are made from pancake batter. A cooked pancake is a different type of matter than pancake batter. Pancake batter is wet and slippery. Cooked pancakes are fluffy and can be good to eat! Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Cooking is caused by heating. But plants making food is not. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

ai2_arc-94

multiple_choice

Many common hand tools create a mechanical advantage by using the basic principles found in simple machines. For example, a screwdriver uses the principles of the wheel and axle. In order to increase gripping force, pliers use the principle demonstrated in the

[ "pulley.", "lever.", "wedge.", "screw." ]

B

ai2_arc-241

multiple_choice

In the summer, the Arctic fox's fur is dark gray or brown. In the winter, its fur is white. The changes in color enable the fox to

[ "stay dry in the winter.", "hunt for food at all times.", "stay warm in the summer.", "blend in with its surroundings." ]

D

sciq-6556

multiple_choice

What happened to earth's species during the permian period?

[ "mass extinction", "division", "duplication", "evolution" ]

A

sciq-6934

multiple_choice

Quarks in the middle energy family are found in cosmic rays and are produced in what?

[ "particle processors", "cosmic accelerators", "particle splicers", "particle accelerators" ]

D

sciq-112

multiple_choice

What are sores in the lining of the stomach or duodenum that are usually caused by bacterial infections or acidity?

[ "clots", "lesions", "hernia", "ulcers" ]

D

ai2_arc-653

multiple_choice

In one of the steps of the carbon cycle, a person exhales a molecule of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. Which of the following is most likely to happen next to the atom of carbon in this molecule?

[ "It may be used as part of a sugar in a plant.", "It may become part of a protein in an animal.", "It may be consumed as a fossil fuel is burned.", "It may be decomposed into carbon and oxygen by a bacterium." ]

A

ai2_arc-490

multiple_choice

James put some water in a pan. He put the pan on a stove and turned the stove on low. What will happen to the water?

[ "The water will melt.", "The water will evaporate.", "The water will form a solid.", "The water will condense into tiny droplets." ]

B

ai2_arc-317

multiple_choice

All of these are ways to stay safe around electricity except

[ "staying away from power lines.", "using cords in good condition.", "plugging many appliances into one outlet.", "keeping electricity away from water." ]

C

sciq-1752

multiple_choice

A visual "copy" of an object that is formed by reflected or refracted light is called what?

[ "mirror", "photo", "image", "instance" ]

C

sciq-4764

multiple_choice

What type of work called occurs when a system pushes back the surroundings against a restraining pressure?

[ "expansion work", "shape work", "retention work", "contrast work" ]

A

sciq-5523

multiple_choice

More uv rays reach the ground due to a decrease in what layer in the stratosphere?

[ "gases", "ozone", "smog", "troposphere" ]

B

sciq-7683

multiple_choice

What are ionic compounds that produce hydroxide ions when dissolved in water?

[ "isotopes", "enzymes", "acids", "bases" ]

D

sciq-10667

multiple_choice

What is it called when a charge moves against a field?

[ "momentum", "power", "force", "work" ]

D

sciq-6317

multiple_choice

What is type of substance is formed when water vapor condenses or when ice melts?

[ "chemical water", "toxic water", "liquid water", "gaseous water" ]

C

sciq-9315

multiple_choice

What is the hardest type of coal?

[ "lignite", "Bituminous", "peat", "anthracite" ]

D

sciq-9877

multiple_choice

What do drugs that alleviate symptoms of schizophrenia block?

[ "dopamine receptors", "ephedrine receptors", "histamine receptors", "adrenaline receptors" ]

A

sciq-4737

multiple_choice

Nuclear reactors use fission reactions to vaporize water, producing steam to drive a turbine and generate what?

[ "fuel", "electricity", "light", "oil" ]

B

sciq-9486

multiple_choice

The large and small intestine are both divided into how many parts?

[ "8", "3", "6", "2" ]

B

sciq-863

multiple_choice

What term is used to describe the change in size or volume of a given mass with temperature?

[ "atmospheric expansion", "freezing", "thermal contraction", "thermal expansion" ]

D

sciq-1609

multiple_choice

What are the building blocks of life?

[ "bricks", "cells", "seeds", "muscles" ]

B

sciq-6057

multiple_choice

How quickly a population changes in size over time is known as what?

[ "population growth rate", "population multiplication rate", "population impact rate", "population direction rate" ]

A

sciq-8994

multiple_choice

Red-green color blindness is an example of a sex-linked condition caused by what?

[ "genetic disorder", "recessive allele", "phenotype", "dominant gene" ]

B

scienceQA-9766

multiple_choice

Select the reptile.

[ "Amazon tree boa", "red-eyed tree frog", "poison dart frog", "salmon" ]

A

A salmon is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Unlike most other fish, salmon can live in both fresh water and salt water. An Amazon tree boa is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Tree boas eat small mammals, birds, lizards, and frogs. Tree boas only need to eat once every few months! A red-eyed tree frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. A red-eyed tree frog has sticky pads on its toes. The sticky pads help the red-eyed tree frog hold on to leaves. A poison dart frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. Poison dart frogs come in many bright colors. Their bright color warns other animals that these frogs are poisonous.

sciq-7361

multiple_choice

Kinetic energy is energy of this?

[ "speed", "gravity", "motion", "food" ]

C

sciq-1398

multiple_choice

Fungi cause three different types of human illness: poisonings, parasitic infections, and what?

[ "diabetes", "allergies", "diarrhea", "heart disease" ]

B