Jenjamin3000/MNLP_M3_MCQA_before_FT · Datasets at Hugging Face

id stringlengths 6 15	question_type stringclasses 1 value	question stringlengths 15 683	choices listlengths 4 4	answer stringclasses 5 values	explanation stringclasses 481 values
ai2_arc-249	multiple_choice	Two layers of sedimentary rock are exposed on the side of a hill. Only one of the layers has fossils. The lack of fossils in one layer of sedimentary rock is most likely due to	[ "changing environments.", "volcanic activity.", "changing rates of erosion.", "evaporation of sea water." ]	A
sciq-4101	multiple_choice	Light reactions occur during which stage of photosynthesis?	[ "intermediate stage", "third stage", "final stage", "first stage" ]	D
sciq-643	multiple_choice	By breaking down wastes and remains of dead organisms, decomposers perform what function in an ecosystem?	[ "recycling", "reproduction", "symbiosis", "collecting" ]	A
sciq-1280	multiple_choice	Which theory describes the benzene molecule and other planar aromatic hydrocarbon molecules as hexagonal rings of sp2-hybridized carbon atoms with the unhybridized p orbital of each carbon atom perpendicular to the plane of the ring?	[ "valence bond theory", "molecular orbital theory", "hybrid orbital theory", "covalent bond theory" ]	A
ai2_arc-1101	multiple_choice	A mutation that occurs in an organism that reproduces sexually will most likely affect the traits of the offspring if the mutation	[ "is located in the cells of the nervous system.", "alters DNA in a gamete of the parent.", "alters the behavior of the organisms.", "is located near the locus of a chromosome." ]	B
sciq-8932	multiple_choice	What term is used to describe cells without a nucleus?	[ "unicellular", "prokaryotic", "monophyletic", "Simple" ]	B
sciq-8298	multiple_choice	Mollusks such as squid and octopi, which must hunt to survive, possess what complex organs containing millions of neurons?	[ "brains", "tentacles", "gills", "hearts" ]	A
sciq-4304	multiple_choice	Rna is especially important during synthesis of what?	[ "sulfur", "glucose", "protein", "mitochondria" ]	C
sciq-837	multiple_choice	What kind of behavior occurs only after experience or practice and describes most human behaviors?	[ "inherited behavior", "learned behavior", "practiced behavior", "innate behavior" ]	B
sciq-7139	multiple_choice	What is a relationship between organisms that strive for the same resources in the same place?	[ "antagonistic", "symbiotic", "competition", "parasitic" ]	C
sciq-3146	multiple_choice	Asthma affects what tiny branches into which the bronchi are divided?	[ "platelets", "cilia", "macrophages", "bronchioles" ]	D
sciq-9379	multiple_choice	What is the outermost part of the sun's atmosphere called?	[ "rays", "particles", "corona", "ultraviolet" ]	C
sciq-6204	multiple_choice	Where does oxygen enter the blood?	[ "in the lungs", "in the veins", "in the liver", "in the heart" ]	A
sciq-2806	multiple_choice	What is the comparison of two factors within a population?	[ "hypothesis", "curve", "correlation", "variable" ]	C
sciq-6437	multiple_choice	When vertebrate animals metabolize ammonia what is the primary byproduct that is produced?	[ "proteins", "urea", "carbon monoxide", "dioxide" ]	B
ai2_arc-528	multiple_choice	Directions Read the information about wind erosion then answer the question. Wind can cause erosion that changes the surface of the Earth. Wind erosion can have negative effects on the environment by removing soil and polluting the air during dust storms. What is one way to prevent wind erosion?	[ "People can drive off-road bikes across the desert.", "Ranchers can let their cattle graze in areas with little plant growth.", "Construction workers can wet the ground before driving on it or digging.", "Farmers can remove all plant material in the soil between planting seasons." ]	C
sciq-7699	multiple_choice	The normal response of the respiratory system to elevated ph is to increase the amount of what in the blood?	[ "co2", "acid", "glucose", "red blood cells" ]	A
sciq-8719	multiple_choice	What type of organism is used to produce alcoholic beverages and bread?	[ "bacteria", "yeast", "larvae", "insects" ]	B
sciq-7734	multiple_choice	When did we learn there was a hole in the ozone layer?	[ "1950s", "1990's", "1980s", "1970s" ]	C
sciq-3339	multiple_choice	In physics, the number of waves that pass a fixed point in a given amount time is referred to as what ?	[ "creation frequency", "wave count", "wave frequency", "combination frequency" ]	C
sciq-8544	multiple_choice	When the energy of the earthquake reaches shore, it forms a huge wave called?	[ "a tidal wave", "a tsunami", "a typhoon", "a surge" ]	B
sciq-7764	multiple_choice	The name of the cation comes first, followed by the name of the anion, in what kind of compound?	[ "covalent bonds", "ionic compound", "magnetic compound", "localized compound" ]	B
sciq-7357	multiple_choice	An experiment generates what to support a hypothesis?	[ "study", "falsehoods", "evidence", "reason" ]	C
sciq-10776	multiple_choice	What occurs when light interacts with our atmosphere?	[ "eclipse", "rayleigh scattering", "rainbow formation", "prism effect" ]	B
sciq-4129	multiple_choice	What are people called that choose to study science?	[ "doctors", "scientists", "lab technicians", "engineers" ]	B
scienceQA-10122	multiple_choice	Select the mammal below.	[ "toco toucan", "green iguana", "thresher shark", "sea otter" ]	D	A green iguana is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Iguanas are a type of lizard. Iguanas eat plants and fruit. A sea otter is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk. Sea otters have very thick fur. Their fur keeps them warm in cold water. A toco toucan is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Toucans have large beaks. A toucan's beak can be half as long as its body. A thresher shark is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. A thresher shark has a long tail. It can use its tail to hit and stun prey.
sciq-7838	multiple_choice	Researchers have identified the receptor proteins for all of the tastes except which?	[ "bitter", "sweet", "salty", "acid" ]	C
sciq-3655	multiple_choice	What is the name of the protective layer of gases that surrounds the earth and blocks harmful rays from the sun?	[ "the atmosphere", "the corona", "the coma", "the protector" ]	A
sciq-2277	multiple_choice	What type of joint is the knee joint?	[ "pivot joint", "hinge joint", "ball joint", "condyloid joint" ]	B
scienceQA-1165	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? cooking a pancake salt and vinegar removing tarnish from a penny	[ "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are chemical changes." ]	D	Step 1: Think about each change. Cooking a pancake is a chemical change. Pancakes are made from pancake batter. A cooked pancake is a different type of matter than pancake batter. Pancake batter is wet and slippery. Cooked pancakes are fluffy and can be good to eat! Salt and vinegar removing tarnish from a penny is a chemical change. The salt and vinegar change the tarnish into a different type of matter that can be easily wiped away. This makes the penny look shiny again. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Cooking is caused by heating. But salt and vinegar removing tarnish from a penny is not. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.
sciq-1606	multiple_choice	Substances that act as both weak acids and bases are said to be what?	[ "hygroscopic", "atmospheric", "amphiphilic", "amphoteric" ]	D
sciq-11109	multiple_choice	What type of sti is characterized by blisters?	[ "syphilis", "gonorrhea", "genital herpes", "chlamydia" ]	C
sciq-4383	multiple_choice	What is group 16 of the periodic table referred to?	[ "dioxide group", "acid group", "oxygen group", "sulfur group" ]	C
sciq-8031	multiple_choice	Teeth in the back of the mouth are used for what?	[ "swallowing food", "cutting food", "grinding food", "tearing food" ]	C
sciq-9022	multiple_choice	What forms the small holes found in bread?	[ "yeast", "carbon dioxide gas", "carbon monoxide gas", "oxygen" ]	B
sciq-3054	multiple_choice	In neurons, what often involves gated sodium channels?	[ "depolarization", "excitation", "fermentation", "polarization" ]	A
sciq-969	multiple_choice	Which part of all mammals have the same basic bone structure?	[ "forelimbs", "ankles", "necks", "knees" ]	A
sciq-7119	multiple_choice	Each month, starting in puberty, one egg matures and is released from where?	[ "ovary", "uterus", "testes", "pollen" ]	A
sciq-4845	multiple_choice	Transport of water and solutes in plants water potential is a measure of the difference in potential energy between a water sample and this?	[ "dirty water", "green water", "pure water", "salty water" ]	C
sciq-4809	multiple_choice	What is the wavelength of light expressed in?	[ "nanoseconds", "vatts", "millimeters", "nanometers (nm)" ]	D
sciq-3804	multiple_choice	Synaptic connections can change over time depending on what?	[ "age", "weight", "diet", "activity level" ]	D
sciq-9226	multiple_choice	The common carotid artery gives rise to the external and internal carotid arteries. the external carotid artery remains superficial and gives rise to many arteries of this?	[ "head", "back", "chest", "stomach" ]	A
sciq-8379	multiple_choice	Prions are slow-acting, virtually indestructible infectious proteins that cause diseases of what vital organ in mammals?	[ "liver", "brain", "heart", "lung" ]	B
sciq-9520	multiple_choice	What takes place in the organelle known as the chloroplast, which distinguishes animal from plant cells?	[ "digestion", "photosynthesis", "reproduction", "perspiration" ]	B
sciq-2440	multiple_choice	What is the name of the process by which plants use energy from sunlight to synthesize carbohydrates?	[ "pollination", "cellular respiration", "photosynthesis", "osmosis" ]	C
sciq-8429	multiple_choice	Behind the pupil, a single lens focuses light on a layer of what?	[ "photons", "electrons", "chloroplasts", "photoreceptors" ]	D
sciq-10385	multiple_choice	What is formed when hot lava cools?	[ "mineral crystals", "magma crystals", "lava rock", "hydrogen crystals" ]	A
sciq-2982	multiple_choice	A crow that becomes used to a scarecrow and lands on it is an example of what?	[ "adaptation", "assimilation", "dissociation", "habituation" ]	D
sciq-8002	multiple_choice	What is the unique larval form of mollusks called?	[ "microfilariae", "hydra", "scallop", "trochophore" ]	D
sciq-2791	multiple_choice	What is the smallest unit of time commonly based on?	[ "millimeter", "hour", "minute", "second" ]	D
sciq-2888	multiple_choice	Antacids are bases that neutralize what in the digestive tract?	[ "salts", "hormones", "acids", "fats" ]	C
sciq-7860	multiple_choice	An elastic collision is one that conserves internal energy of what type?	[ "potential", "seismic", "kinetic", "thermal" ]	C
sciq-3954	multiple_choice	Bond energy is an indication of the amount of energy needed for what to occur?	[ "photosynthesis", "chemical reaction", "oxidation", "physical reaction only" ]	B
sciq-10512	multiple_choice	What are materials that can be magnetized called?	[ "Metal material", "interstitial materials", "catalytic materials", "ferromagnetic materials" ]	D
sciq-4835	multiple_choice	Where do lancelets live?	[ "on land", "deep sea caves", "shallow ocean water", "riverbeds" ]	C
ai2_arc-557	multiple_choice	Which of these is true when a piece of wood is completely burned in a fire?	[ "The change in the wood is reversible.", "The energy in the wood is destroyed.", "The change in the wood is physical.", "The energy in the wood is transformed." ]	D
sciq-8380	multiple_choice	What does the male reproductive system consist of?	[ "structures that produce ova", "organs that produce estrogen", "structures that produce sperm and secrete testosterone", "structures that collect urine" ]	C
sciq-8735	multiple_choice	Which type of joints do not allow any movement of the bones?	[ "attached", "linked", "fixed", "fitted" ]	C
sciq-5800	multiple_choice	Insects are arthropods in which class?	[ "lexapoda", "hexapoda", "trichina", "xerophyte" ]	B
scienceQA-2018	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? an old sandwich rotting in a trashcan a piece of apple turning brown	[ "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are chemical changes." ]	D	Step 1: Think about each change. A sandwich rotting is a chemical change. The matter in the sandwich breaks down and slowly turns into a different type of matter. A piece of apple turning brown is a chemical change. The apple reacts with oxygen in the air and turns into a different type of matter. If you scrape off the brown layer of the apple, the inside is still white. The inside hasn't touched the air. So the chemical change didn't happen to that part of the apple. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.
sciq-8551	multiple_choice	What is the first step towards wound repair?	[ "clotting factors", "blotting factors", "hormone factors", "electrolysis factors" ]	A
sciq-9921	multiple_choice	What is a carbon-based compound that is found in living things called?	[ "organic compound", "biological compound", "biochemical compound", "genetic compound" ]	C
sciq-6013	multiple_choice	What cycle vital to plants includes a process called denitrification?	[ "sedimentation cycle", "nitrogen cycle", "carbon cycle", "photosynthesis" ]	B
scienceQA-9054	multiple_choice	Select the liquid.	[ "thread", "milk", "air inside a tire", "tortoise shell" ]	B	The air inside a tire is a gas. A gas expands to fill a space. The air in a tire expands to fill all the space inside the tire. If air leaks out, it will expand into the space around the tire. Thread is a solid that can be bent or tangled. But it still has a size and shape of its own. A tortoise shell is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own. A tortoise shell is made of a solid called keratin, just like your fingernails! Milk is a liquid. A liquid takes the shape of any container it is in. If you pour milk into a different container, the milk will take the shape of that container. But the milk will still take up the same amount of space.
sciq-4396	multiple_choice	There are a series of rules for naming branched alkanes (and, ultimately, for all organic compounds). these rules make up the system of nomenclature for naming what?	[ "oxygen molecules", "non-organic molecules", "organic molecules", "typical molecules" ]	C
sciq-4181	multiple_choice	What causes acid rain?	[ "air pollution", "carbon dioxide", "heavy pollution", "chemicals in waterways" ]	A
sciq-3813	multiple_choice	What type of rock contains concentrations of valuable minerals?	[ "ores", "igneous", "metamorphic", "sedimentary" ]	A
scienceQA-5121	multiple_choice	Select the solid.	[ "water in a glass", "handsaw", "air inside a soccer ball", "air inside a balloon" ]	B	A handsaw is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own. The handle of this handsaw is made of wood, and the blade is made of metal. Both wood and metal are solids. The air inside a soccer ball is a gas. A gas expands to fill a space. The air fills all the space inside the soccer ball. If air leaks out, it will expand into the space around the ball. The air inside a balloon is a gas. A gas expands to fill a space. The air inside a balloon expands to fill all the space in the balloon. If the balloon pops, the air will expand to fill a much larger space. The water in a glass is a liquid. A liquid takes the shape of any container it is in. If you pour water from a glass into a different container, the water will take the shape of that container. But the water will still take up the same amount of space.
sciq-8331	multiple_choice	Which disease does the bacteria salmonella cause in humans?	[ "water poisioning", "food poisoning", "blood poisoning", "skin poisoning" ]	B
sciq-8394	multiple_choice	What do we call use of electric current to encode information?	[ "ferious", "electronics", "metals", "products" ]	B
sciq-9969	multiple_choice	What is the name for the inner lining of the uterus?	[ "the endometrium", "cuticle", "the uterine shell", "the epidermis" ]	A
sciq-9715	multiple_choice	Aids is an infectious disease of which system?	[ "muscular", "immune", "endocrine", "digestion" ]	B
sciq-6283	multiple_choice	The outermost layer of the leaf is the epidermis; it is present on both sides of the leaf and is called the upper and lower epidermis, respectively. botanists call the upper side the adaxial surface (or adaxis) and the lower side this?	[ "dorsal surface", "abaxial surface (or abaxis)", "anterior surface", "posterior surface" ]	B
sciq-3932	multiple_choice	What organ breaks down excess amino acids and toxins in the blood?	[ "kidney", "heart", "liver", "lungs" ]	C
sciq-1696	multiple_choice	In which phase do the chromosomes duplicate?	[ "mitosis", "interphase", "metaphase", "prophase" ]	B
sciq-4518	multiple_choice	Where is most digestion completed?	[ "the stomach", "the cavity", "the esophagus", "the duodenum" ]	D
sciq-10891	multiple_choice	The human male and female reproductive cycles are controlled by the interaction of hormones from the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary with hormones from reproductive tissues and organs. in both sexes, the hypothalamus monitors and causes the release of hormones from this?	[ "hypothalamus gland", "thyroid gland", "anterior pituitary gland", "pineal gland" ]	C
sciq-11222	multiple_choice	How many sperm does it take to fertilize an egg?	[ "1", "4", "3", "2" ]	A
sciq-309	multiple_choice	The name of a spinal cord region corresponds to the level at which spinal nerves pass through the what?	[ "notochord", "synovial fluid", "lumbar foramina", "intervertebral foramina" ]	D
sciq-10519	multiple_choice	What is light that has only a single wavelength called?	[ "spectroscopy", "primary", "monochromatic", "fluorescent" ]	C
sciq-4131	multiple_choice	What is the term for organisms that can maintain a stable body temperature even in the face of large fluctuations in the environmental temperature?	[ "pachyderm", "ectotherms", "homeotherm", "endotherms" ]	D
sciq-1267	multiple_choice	Atoms of what element ultimately form in a red supergiant?	[ "iron", "gold", "coal", "steel" ]	A
scienceQA-9450	multiple_choice	Select the vertebrate.	[ "saturn butterfly", "metallic tarantula", "sunfish", "weaver ant" ]	C	A saturn butterfly is an insect. Like other insects, a saturn butterfly is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A weaver ant is an insect. Like other insects, a weaver ant is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A sunfish is a fish. Like other fish, a sunfish is a vertebrate. It has a backbone. Like other tarantulas, a metallic tarantula is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton.
sciq-9020	multiple_choice	What does the kyoto protocol focus on controlling?	[ "Helium emissions", "greenhouse gas emissions", "carbonate gas emissions", "Ozone emissions" ]	B
sciq-9114	multiple_choice	When methane burns, what is produced along with carbon dioxide?	[ "hydrogen", "oxygen", "nitrogen", "water" ]	D
sciq-3812	multiple_choice	What is the ratio of solutes in a solution to a volume of solvent in a solution known as?	[ "molarity", "equilibrium", "molality", "osmolality" ]	D
ai2_arc-502	multiple_choice	A student mixed salt and sugar. Which statement describes the physical properties of salt and sugar after they were mixed?	[ "The sugar dissolved the salt.", "The salt and sugar changed color.", "The sugar and the salt were unchanged.", "The salt and sugar formed a new material." ]	C
sciq-10503	multiple_choice	What kind of fats have been implicated in the presence of heart disease?	[ "animal fats", "key fats", "trans fats", "plant fats" ]	C
sciq-3370	multiple_choice	Eukaryotic cells undergo what kinds of divisions that more primitive cells do not?	[ "meiosis", "budding", "homologous", "mitosis" ]	D
sciq-6649	multiple_choice	What is the amount of energy required to begin a chemical reaction known as?	[ "reaction energy", "positive energy", "decomposition energy", "activation energy" ]	D
sciq-9010	multiple_choice	When the volume of a gas is decreased, what happens to its pressure?	[ "STAYS THE SAME", "increases", "LOWERS", "drops" ]	B
sciq-4499	multiple_choice	If water from a spring can't flow downwards, it can spread out to form one of 2 things. what are they?	[ "ocean or sea", "lake or ocean", "ocean or river", "pond or lake" ]	D
ai2_arc-886	multiple_choice	A beaker containing 50 milliliters of ice is placed on a windowsill. After several hours, the ice melts. What property of the ice did not change when it melted?	[ "the mass", "the volume", "the temperature", "the state of matter" ]	A
sciq-10364	multiple_choice	What is the process of capturing a substance or particle from outside the cell by engulfing it with the cell membrane?	[ "ectocytosis", "endocytosis", "autolysis", "metastasis" ]	B
scienceQA-2176	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? boiling sugar to make caramel water boiling on a stove	[ "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are chemical changes." ]	B	Step 1: Think about each change. Boiling sugar to make caramel is a chemical change. The heat causes the sugar to change into a different type of matter. Unlike sugar, the new matter is brown and sticky. Water boiling on the stove is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The liquid changes into a gas, but a different type of matter is not formed. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Water boiling is a physical change. But boiling sugar to make caramel is not. Both are chemical changes. Boiling sugar to make caramel is a chemical change. But water boiling is not. Both are caused by heating. Both changes are caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.
sciq-3780	multiple_choice	What are a class of tetrapod vertebrates that produce amniotic eggs called?	[ "amphibians", "insects", "reptiles", "mammals" ]	C
sciq-9586	multiple_choice	When cardiac muscle contracts, the heart does what?	[ "cardiac arrest", "irregular heartbeat", "pumps blood", "heart murmur" ]	C
sciq-7977	multiple_choice	Karyotyping shows whether what structures, which contain genetic information, are normal in number and appearance?	[ "chromosomes", "ribosomes", "nucleoids", "neutrons" ]	A
ai2_arc-89	multiple_choice	Which factor can increase the amount of sulfur dioxide in the air?	[ "applying too much fertilizer to agricultural fields", "operation of coal-fired electric generating plants", "a hot summer day", "too much rain" ]	B
sciq-808	multiple_choice	How are classic sedimentary rocks group?	[ "density", "size of sediment", "particle depth", "color" ]	B

ai2_arc-249

multiple_choice

Two layers of sedimentary rock are exposed on the side of a hill. Only one of the layers has fossils. The lack of fossils in one layer of sedimentary rock is most likely due to

[ "changing environments.", "volcanic activity.", "changing rates of erosion.", "evaporation of sea water." ]

A

sciq-4101

multiple_choice

Light reactions occur during which stage of photosynthesis?

[ "intermediate stage", "third stage", "final stage", "first stage" ]

D

sciq-643

multiple_choice

By breaking down wastes and remains of dead organisms, decomposers perform what function in an ecosystem?

[ "recycling", "reproduction", "symbiosis", "collecting" ]

A

sciq-1280

multiple_choice

Which theory describes the benzene molecule and other planar aromatic hydrocarbon molecules as hexagonal rings of sp2-hybridized carbon atoms with the unhybridized p orbital of each carbon atom perpendicular to the plane of the ring?

[ "valence bond theory", "molecular orbital theory", "hybrid orbital theory", "covalent bond theory" ]

A

ai2_arc-1101

multiple_choice

A mutation that occurs in an organism that reproduces sexually will most likely affect the traits of the offspring if the mutation

[ "is located in the cells of the nervous system.", "alters DNA in a gamete of the parent.", "alters the behavior of the organisms.", "is located near the locus of a chromosome." ]

B

sciq-8932

multiple_choice

What term is used to describe cells without a nucleus?

[ "unicellular", "prokaryotic", "monophyletic", "Simple" ]

B

sciq-8298

multiple_choice

Mollusks such as squid and octopi, which must hunt to survive, possess what complex organs containing millions of neurons?

[ "brains", "tentacles", "gills", "hearts" ]

A

sciq-4304

multiple_choice

Rna is especially important during synthesis of what?

[ "sulfur", "glucose", "protein", "mitochondria" ]

C

sciq-837

multiple_choice

What kind of behavior occurs only after experience or practice and describes most human behaviors?

[ "inherited behavior", "learned behavior", "practiced behavior", "innate behavior" ]

B

sciq-7139

multiple_choice

What is a relationship between organisms that strive for the same resources in the same place?

[ "antagonistic", "symbiotic", "competition", "parasitic" ]

C

sciq-3146

multiple_choice

Asthma affects what tiny branches into which the bronchi are divided?

[ "platelets", "cilia", "macrophages", "bronchioles" ]

D

sciq-9379

multiple_choice

What is the outermost part of the sun's atmosphere called?

[ "rays", "particles", "corona", "ultraviolet" ]

C

sciq-6204

multiple_choice

Where does oxygen enter the blood?

[ "in the lungs", "in the veins", "in the liver", "in the heart" ]

A

sciq-2806

multiple_choice

What is the comparison of two factors within a population?

[ "hypothesis", "curve", "correlation", "variable" ]

C

sciq-6437

multiple_choice

When vertebrate animals metabolize ammonia what is the primary byproduct that is produced?

[ "proteins", "urea", "carbon monoxide", "dioxide" ]

B

ai2_arc-528

multiple_choice

Directions Read the information about wind erosion then answer the question. Wind can cause erosion that changes the surface of the Earth. Wind erosion can have negative effects on the environment by removing soil and polluting the air during dust storms. What is one way to prevent wind erosion?

[ "People can drive off-road bikes across the desert.", "Ranchers can let their cattle graze in areas with little plant growth.", "Construction workers can wet the ground before driving on it or digging.", "Farmers can remove all plant material in the soil between planting seasons." ]

C

sciq-7699

multiple_choice

The normal response of the respiratory system to elevated ph is to increase the amount of what in the blood?

[ "co2", "acid", "glucose", "red blood cells" ]

A

sciq-8719

multiple_choice

What type of organism is used to produce alcoholic beverages and bread?

[ "bacteria", "yeast", "larvae", "insects" ]

B

sciq-7734

multiple_choice

When did we learn there was a hole in the ozone layer?

[ "1950s", "1990's", "1980s", "1970s" ]

C

sciq-3339

multiple_choice

In physics, the number of waves that pass a fixed point in a given amount time is referred to as what ?

[ "creation frequency", "wave count", "wave frequency", "combination frequency" ]

C

sciq-8544

multiple_choice

When the energy of the earthquake reaches shore, it forms a huge wave called?

[ "a tidal wave", "a tsunami", "a typhoon", "a surge" ]

B

sciq-7764

multiple_choice

The name of the cation comes first, followed by the name of the anion, in what kind of compound?

[ "covalent bonds", "ionic compound", "magnetic compound", "localized compound" ]

B

sciq-7357

multiple_choice

An experiment generates what to support a hypothesis?

[ "study", "falsehoods", "evidence", "reason" ]

C

sciq-10776

multiple_choice

What occurs when light interacts with our atmosphere?

[ "eclipse", "rayleigh scattering", "rainbow formation", "prism effect" ]

B

sciq-4129

multiple_choice

What are people called that choose to study science?

[ "doctors", "scientists", "lab technicians", "engineers" ]

B

scienceQA-10122

multiple_choice

Select the mammal below.

[ "toco toucan", "green iguana", "thresher shark", "sea otter" ]

D

A green iguana is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Iguanas are a type of lizard. Iguanas eat plants and fruit. A sea otter is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk. Sea otters have very thick fur. Their fur keeps them warm in cold water. A toco toucan is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Toucans have large beaks. A toucan's beak can be half as long as its body. A thresher shark is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. A thresher shark has a long tail. It can use its tail to hit and stun prey.

sciq-7838

multiple_choice

Researchers have identified the receptor proteins for all of the tastes except which?

[ "bitter", "sweet", "salty", "acid" ]

C

sciq-3655

multiple_choice

What is the name of the protective layer of gases that surrounds the earth and blocks harmful rays from the sun?

[ "the atmosphere", "the corona", "the coma", "the protector" ]

A

sciq-2277

multiple_choice

What type of joint is the knee joint?

[ "pivot joint", "hinge joint", "ball joint", "condyloid joint" ]

B

scienceQA-1165

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? cooking a pancake salt and vinegar removing tarnish from a penny

[ "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are chemical changes." ]

D

Step 1: Think about each change. Cooking a pancake is a chemical change. Pancakes are made from pancake batter. A cooked pancake is a different type of matter than pancake batter. Pancake batter is wet and slippery. Cooked pancakes are fluffy and can be good to eat! Salt and vinegar removing tarnish from a penny is a chemical change. The salt and vinegar change the tarnish into a different type of matter that can be easily wiped away. This makes the penny look shiny again. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Cooking is caused by heating. But salt and vinegar removing tarnish from a penny is not. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

sciq-1606

multiple_choice

Substances that act as both weak acids and bases are said to be what?

[ "hygroscopic", "atmospheric", "amphiphilic", "amphoteric" ]

D

sciq-11109

multiple_choice

What type of sti is characterized by blisters?

[ "syphilis", "gonorrhea", "genital herpes", "chlamydia" ]

C

sciq-4383

multiple_choice

What is group 16 of the periodic table referred to?

[ "dioxide group", "acid group", "oxygen group", "sulfur group" ]

C

sciq-8031

multiple_choice

Teeth in the back of the mouth are used for what?

[ "swallowing food", "cutting food", "grinding food", "tearing food" ]

C

sciq-9022

multiple_choice

What forms the small holes found in bread?

[ "yeast", "carbon dioxide gas", "carbon monoxide gas", "oxygen" ]

B

sciq-3054

multiple_choice

In neurons, what often involves gated sodium channels?

[ "depolarization", "excitation", "fermentation", "polarization" ]

A

sciq-969

multiple_choice

Which part of all mammals have the same basic bone structure?

[ "forelimbs", "ankles", "necks", "knees" ]

A

sciq-7119

multiple_choice

Each month, starting in puberty, one egg matures and is released from where?

[ "ovary", "uterus", "testes", "pollen" ]

A

sciq-4845

multiple_choice

Transport of water and solutes in plants water potential is a measure of the difference in potential energy between a water sample and this?

[ "dirty water", "green water", "pure water", "salty water" ]

C

sciq-4809

multiple_choice

What is the wavelength of light expressed in?

[ "nanoseconds", "vatts", "millimeters", "nanometers (nm)" ]

D

sciq-3804

multiple_choice

Synaptic connections can change over time depending on what?

[ "age", "weight", "diet", "activity level" ]

D

sciq-9226

multiple_choice

The common carotid artery gives rise to the external and internal carotid arteries. the external carotid artery remains superficial and gives rise to many arteries of this?

[ "head", "back", "chest", "stomach" ]

A

sciq-8379

multiple_choice

Prions are slow-acting, virtually indestructible infectious proteins that cause diseases of what vital organ in mammals?

[ "liver", "brain", "heart", "lung" ]

B

sciq-9520

multiple_choice

What takes place in the organelle known as the chloroplast, which distinguishes animal from plant cells?

[ "digestion", "photosynthesis", "reproduction", "perspiration" ]

B

sciq-2440

multiple_choice

What is the name of the process by which plants use energy from sunlight to synthesize carbohydrates?

[ "pollination", "cellular respiration", "photosynthesis", "osmosis" ]

C

sciq-8429

multiple_choice

Behind the pupil, a single lens focuses light on a layer of what?

[ "photons", "electrons", "chloroplasts", "photoreceptors" ]

D

sciq-10385

multiple_choice

What is formed when hot lava cools?

[ "mineral crystals", "magma crystals", "lava rock", "hydrogen crystals" ]

A

sciq-2982

multiple_choice

A crow that becomes used to a scarecrow and lands on it is an example of what?

[ "adaptation", "assimilation", "dissociation", "habituation" ]

D

sciq-8002

multiple_choice

What is the unique larval form of mollusks called?

[ "microfilariae", "hydra", "scallop", "trochophore" ]

D

sciq-2791

multiple_choice

What is the smallest unit of time commonly based on?

[ "millimeter", "hour", "minute", "second" ]

D

sciq-2888

multiple_choice

Antacids are bases that neutralize what in the digestive tract?

[ "salts", "hormones", "acids", "fats" ]

C

sciq-7860

multiple_choice

An elastic collision is one that conserves internal energy of what type?

[ "potential", "seismic", "kinetic", "thermal" ]

C

sciq-3954

multiple_choice

Bond energy is an indication of the amount of energy needed for what to occur?

[ "photosynthesis", "chemical reaction", "oxidation", "physical reaction only" ]

B

sciq-10512

multiple_choice

What are materials that can be magnetized called?

[ "Metal material", "interstitial materials", "catalytic materials", "ferromagnetic materials" ]

D

sciq-4835

multiple_choice

Where do lancelets live?

[ "on land", "deep sea caves", "shallow ocean water", "riverbeds" ]

C

ai2_arc-557

multiple_choice

Which of these is true when a piece of wood is completely burned in a fire?

[ "The change in the wood is reversible.", "The energy in the wood is destroyed.", "The change in the wood is physical.", "The energy in the wood is transformed." ]

D

sciq-8380

multiple_choice

What does the male reproductive system consist of?

[ "structures that produce ova", "organs that produce estrogen", "structures that produce sperm and secrete testosterone", "structures that collect urine" ]

C

sciq-8735

multiple_choice

Which type of joints do not allow any movement of the bones?

[ "attached", "linked", "fixed", "fitted" ]

C

sciq-5800

multiple_choice

Insects are arthropods in which class?

[ "lexapoda", "hexapoda", "trichina", "xerophyte" ]

B

scienceQA-2018

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? an old sandwich rotting in a trashcan a piece of apple turning brown

[ "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are chemical changes." ]

D

Step 1: Think about each change. A sandwich rotting is a chemical change. The matter in the sandwich breaks down and slowly turns into a different type of matter. A piece of apple turning brown is a chemical change. The apple reacts with oxygen in the air and turns into a different type of matter. If you scrape off the brown layer of the apple, the inside is still white. The inside hasn't touched the air. So the chemical change didn't happen to that part of the apple. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

sciq-8551

multiple_choice

What is the first step towards wound repair?

[ "clotting factors", "blotting factors", "hormone factors", "electrolysis factors" ]

A

sciq-9921

multiple_choice

What is a carbon-based compound that is found in living things called?

[ "organic compound", "biological compound", "biochemical compound", "genetic compound" ]

C

sciq-6013

multiple_choice

What cycle vital to plants includes a process called denitrification?

[ "sedimentation cycle", "nitrogen cycle", "carbon cycle", "photosynthesis" ]

B

scienceQA-9054

multiple_choice

Select the liquid.

[ "thread", "milk", "air inside a tire", "tortoise shell" ]

B

The air inside a tire is a gas. A gas expands to fill a space. The air in a tire expands to fill all the space inside the tire. If air leaks out, it will expand into the space around the tire. Thread is a solid that can be bent or tangled. But it still has a size and shape of its own. A tortoise shell is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own. A tortoise shell is made of a solid called keratin, just like your fingernails! Milk is a liquid. A liquid takes the shape of any container it is in. If you pour milk into a different container, the milk will take the shape of that container. But the milk will still take up the same amount of space.

sciq-4396

multiple_choice

There are a series of rules for naming branched alkanes (and, ultimately, for all organic compounds). these rules make up the system of nomenclature for naming what?

[ "oxygen molecules", "non-organic molecules", "organic molecules", "typical molecules" ]

C

sciq-4181

multiple_choice

What causes acid rain?

[ "air pollution", "carbon dioxide", "heavy pollution", "chemicals in waterways" ]

A

sciq-3813

multiple_choice

What type of rock contains concentrations of valuable minerals?

[ "ores", "igneous", "metamorphic", "sedimentary" ]

A

scienceQA-5121

multiple_choice

Select the solid.

[ "water in a glass", "handsaw", "air inside a soccer ball", "air inside a balloon" ]

B

A handsaw is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own. The handle of this handsaw is made of wood, and the blade is made of metal. Both wood and metal are solids. The air inside a soccer ball is a gas. A gas expands to fill a space. The air fills all the space inside the soccer ball. If air leaks out, it will expand into the space around the ball. The air inside a balloon is a gas. A gas expands to fill a space. The air inside a balloon expands to fill all the space in the balloon. If the balloon pops, the air will expand to fill a much larger space. The water in a glass is a liquid. A liquid takes the shape of any container it is in. If you pour water from a glass into a different container, the water will take the shape of that container. But the water will still take up the same amount of space.

sciq-8331

multiple_choice

Which disease does the bacteria salmonella cause in humans?

[ "water poisioning", "food poisoning", "blood poisoning", "skin poisoning" ]

B

sciq-8394

multiple_choice

What do we call use of electric current to encode information?

[ "ferious", "electronics", "metals", "products" ]

B

sciq-9969

multiple_choice

What is the name for the inner lining of the uterus?

[ "the endometrium", "cuticle", "the uterine shell", "the epidermis" ]

A

sciq-9715

multiple_choice

Aids is an infectious disease of which system?

[ "muscular", "immune", "endocrine", "digestion" ]

B

sciq-6283

multiple_choice

The outermost layer of the leaf is the epidermis; it is present on both sides of the leaf and is called the upper and lower epidermis, respectively. botanists call the upper side the adaxial surface (or adaxis) and the lower side this?

[ "dorsal surface", "abaxial surface (or abaxis)", "anterior surface", "posterior surface" ]

B

sciq-3932

multiple_choice

What organ breaks down excess amino acids and toxins in the blood?

[ "kidney", "heart", "liver", "lungs" ]

C

sciq-1696

multiple_choice

In which phase do the chromosomes duplicate?

[ "mitosis", "interphase", "metaphase", "prophase" ]

B

sciq-4518

multiple_choice

Where is most digestion completed?

[ "the stomach", "the cavity", "the esophagus", "the duodenum" ]

D

sciq-10891

multiple_choice

The human male and female reproductive cycles are controlled by the interaction of hormones from the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary with hormones from reproductive tissues and organs. in both sexes, the hypothalamus monitors and causes the release of hormones from this?

[ "hypothalamus gland", "thyroid gland", "anterior pituitary gland", "pineal gland" ]

C

sciq-11222

multiple_choice

How many sperm does it take to fertilize an egg?

[ "1", "4", "3", "2" ]

A

sciq-309

multiple_choice

The name of a spinal cord region corresponds to the level at which spinal nerves pass through the what?

[ "notochord", "synovial fluid", "lumbar foramina", "intervertebral foramina" ]

D

sciq-10519

multiple_choice

What is light that has only a single wavelength called?

[ "spectroscopy", "primary", "monochromatic", "fluorescent" ]

C

sciq-4131

multiple_choice

What is the term for organisms that can maintain a stable body temperature even in the face of large fluctuations in the environmental temperature?

[ "pachyderm", "ectotherms", "homeotherm", "endotherms" ]

D

sciq-1267

multiple_choice

Atoms of what element ultimately form in a red supergiant?

[ "iron", "gold", "coal", "steel" ]

A

scienceQA-9450

multiple_choice

Select the vertebrate.

[ "saturn butterfly", "metallic tarantula", "sunfish", "weaver ant" ]

C

A saturn butterfly is an insect. Like other insects, a saturn butterfly is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A weaver ant is an insect. Like other insects, a weaver ant is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A sunfish is a fish. Like other fish, a sunfish is a vertebrate. It has a backbone. Like other tarantulas, a metallic tarantula is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton.

sciq-9020

multiple_choice

What does the kyoto protocol focus on controlling?

[ "Helium emissions", "greenhouse gas emissions", "carbonate gas emissions", "Ozone emissions" ]

B

sciq-9114

multiple_choice

When methane burns, what is produced along with carbon dioxide?

[ "hydrogen", "oxygen", "nitrogen", "water" ]

D

sciq-3812

multiple_choice

What is the ratio of solutes in a solution to a volume of solvent in a solution known as?

[ "molarity", "equilibrium", "molality", "osmolality" ]

D

ai2_arc-502

multiple_choice

A student mixed salt and sugar. Which statement describes the physical properties of salt and sugar after they were mixed?

[ "The sugar dissolved the salt.", "The salt and sugar changed color.", "The sugar and the salt were unchanged.", "The salt and sugar formed a new material." ]

C

sciq-10503

multiple_choice

What kind of fats have been implicated in the presence of heart disease?

[ "animal fats", "key fats", "trans fats", "plant fats" ]

C

sciq-3370

multiple_choice

Eukaryotic cells undergo what kinds of divisions that more primitive cells do not?

[ "meiosis", "budding", "homologous", "mitosis" ]

D

sciq-6649

multiple_choice

What is the amount of energy required to begin a chemical reaction known as?

[ "reaction energy", "positive energy", "decomposition energy", "activation energy" ]

D

sciq-9010

multiple_choice

When the volume of a gas is decreased, what happens to its pressure?

[ "STAYS THE SAME", "increases", "LOWERS", "drops" ]

B

sciq-4499

multiple_choice

If water from a spring can't flow downwards, it can spread out to form one of 2 things. what are they?

[ "ocean or sea", "lake or ocean", "ocean or river", "pond or lake" ]

D

ai2_arc-886

multiple_choice

A beaker containing 50 milliliters of ice is placed on a windowsill. After several hours, the ice melts. What property of the ice did not change when it melted?

[ "the mass", "the volume", "the temperature", "the state of matter" ]

A

sciq-10364

multiple_choice

What is the process of capturing a substance or particle from outside the cell by engulfing it with the cell membrane?

[ "ectocytosis", "endocytosis", "autolysis", "metastasis" ]

B

scienceQA-2176

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? boiling sugar to make caramel water boiling on a stove

[ "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are chemical changes." ]

B

Step 1: Think about each change. Boiling sugar to make caramel is a chemical change. The heat causes the sugar to change into a different type of matter. Unlike sugar, the new matter is brown and sticky. Water boiling on the stove is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The liquid changes into a gas, but a different type of matter is not formed. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Water boiling is a physical change. But boiling sugar to make caramel is not. Both are chemical changes. Boiling sugar to make caramel is a chemical change. But water boiling is not. Both are caused by heating. Both changes are caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

sciq-3780

multiple_choice

What are a class of tetrapod vertebrates that produce amniotic eggs called?

[ "amphibians", "insects", "reptiles", "mammals" ]

C

sciq-9586

multiple_choice

When cardiac muscle contracts, the heart does what?

[ "cardiac arrest", "irregular heartbeat", "pumps blood", "heart murmur" ]

C

sciq-7977

multiple_choice

Karyotyping shows whether what structures, which contain genetic information, are normal in number and appearance?

[ "chromosomes", "ribosomes", "nucleoids", "neutrons" ]

A

ai2_arc-89

multiple_choice

Which factor can increase the amount of sulfur dioxide in the air?

[ "applying too much fertilizer to agricultural fields", "operation of coal-fired electric generating plants", "a hot summer day", "too much rain" ]

B

sciq-808

multiple_choice

How are classic sedimentary rocks group?

[ "density", "size of sediment", "particle depth", "color" ]

B