Jenjamin3000/MNLP_M3_MCQA_before_FT · Datasets at Hugging Face

id stringlengths 6 15	question_type stringclasses 1 value	question stringlengths 15 683	choices listlengths 4 4	answer stringclasses 5 values	explanation stringclasses 481 values
sciq-8601	multiple_choice	What is the name of the project concerning genetics that is one of the landmark scientific events of the last 50 years?	[ "human genome project", "manhattan project", "human organism project", "blue beam project" ]	A
sciq-7195	multiple_choice	During photosynthesis what organelle is used by plants to change sunlight into chemical energy?	[ "golgi apparatus", "ribosome", "chloroplasts", "mitochondria" ]	C
sciq-142	multiple_choice	What muscles are used to pump water over the gills?	[ "pharynx and tonsils", "lungs and pharynx", "jaws and pharynx", "muscles and pharynx" ]	C
sciq-10483	multiple_choice	Which layer is found below the lithosphere?	[ "asthenosphere", "stratosphere", "magnetosphere", "troposphere" ]	A
sciq-8553	multiple_choice	Genetic variation helps ensure that some organisms will survive if what happens?	[ "there's an earthquake", "they die", "they get eaten", "their environment changes" ]	D
sciq-848	multiple_choice	Types of radiation that cause cancer include ultraviolet (uv) radiation and what?	[ "thermal", "molecular", "radon", "vibrational" ]	C
sciq-2293	multiple_choice	What do communication satellites carry and use to provide energy during their missions?	[ "infrared panels", "batteries", "geothermal panels", "solar panels" ]	D
sciq-9916	multiple_choice	Where are about 75% of the tar sands in the world located?	[ "venezuela and onatrio,canada", "china and onatrio, canada", "venezuela and alberta, canada", "alberta, canada and peru" ]	C
sciq-4689	multiple_choice	What is the primary cause of air movement in the troposphere?	[ "the ozone layer", "differences in heating", "asteroids", "solar winds" ]	B
sciq-4827	multiple_choice	Velocity affects what type of energy more than mass does?	[ "mechanical energy", "kinetic energy", "magnetic energy", "harmonic energy" ]	B
sciq-11305	multiple_choice	What is the type of volcano with a tall cone shape that you picture when picturing a volcano?	[ "advanced", "inactive", "active", "composite" ]	D
sciq-8782	multiple_choice	In the past, biologists grouped living organisms into five kingdoms: animals, plants, fungi, protists, and what?	[ "pathogens", "bacteria", "trees", "lizards" ]	B
ai2_arc-330	multiple_choice	A student pushes against a tree with a force of 10 newtons (N). The tree does not move. What is the amount of force exerted by the tree on the student?	[ "0 N", "5 N", "10 N", "20 N" ]	D
sciq-3116	multiple_choice	What natural resource can be damaged by the accumulation of too much salt?	[ "soil", "mineral", "forests", "sediment" ]	A
sciq-2558	multiple_choice	What developmental stage do alligators lack that most other amphibians have?	[ "larval stage", "Tadpole stage", "Egg Stage", "metamorphosis" ]	A
sciq-8196	multiple_choice	What is the most common type of joint in the human body?	[ "proximal joints", "movable joints", "dorsal joints", "transverse joints" ]	B
sciq-3762	multiple_choice	What can be combined with an amine to form an amide?	[ "ketones", "carbon dioxide", "acetic acid", "carboxylic acid" ]	D
sciq-471	multiple_choice	Bones are the main organs of what system, which also includes cartilage and ligaments?	[ "lymphatic system", "digestive system", "skeletal system", "endocrine system" ]	C
sciq-5430	multiple_choice	What type of gas are stars made up of?	[ "freon", "water vapor", "calcium", "hydrogen" ]	D
scienceQA-3693	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? a rock heating up in a campfire cooking an egg	[ "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are only physical changes." ]	C	Step 1: Think about each change. A rock heating up in a campfire is a physical change. The temperature of the rock goes up, but the rock is still made of the same type of matter. Cooking an egg is a chemical change. The heat causes the matter in the egg to change. Cooked eggs and raw eggs are made of different types of matter. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. A rock heating up in a campfire is a physical change. But cooking an egg is not. Both are chemical changes. Cooking an egg is a chemical change. But a rock heating up in a campfire is not. Both are caused by heating. Both changes are caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.
sciq-3352	multiple_choice	Why do sharks sense low levels of electricity?	[ "to locate prey", "to locate mates", "to reproduce", "to sleep" ]	A
sciq-3491	multiple_choice	A plant that forms special tissues for storing water in an arid climate is an example of the plant evolving what?	[ "additions", "adaptations", "consciousness", "divergence" ]	B
sciq-2095	multiple_choice	Humans have about 20,000 to 22,000 genes scattered among 23 of these?	[ "chromosomes", "atoms", "neutrons", "ribosomes" ]	A
sciq-34	multiple_choice	All living things need air and this to survive?	[ "habitat", "ecosystem", "stimuli", "water" ]	D
scienceQA-11485	multiple_choice	Select the fish.	[ "African bullfrog", "blue-footed booby", "African elephant", "green moray eel" ]	D	An African elephant is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk. Elephants live in groups called herds. The oldest female in the herd is usually the leader. A blue-footed booby is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Blue-footed boobies live on tropical islands in the Pacific Ocean. A green moray eel is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Eels are long and thin. They may have small fins. They look like snakes, but they are fish! An African bullfrog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. Frogs live near water or in damp places. Most frogs lay their eggs in water.
sciq-1009	multiple_choice	What happens to charges whenever they are accelerated?	[ "they die", "they radiate", "they darken", "they fuse" ]	B
sciq-3083	multiple_choice	Terrestrial animals lose water by evaporation from their skin and which surfaces?	[ "respiratory", "pulmonary", "anaerobic", "digestive" ]	A
sciq-3376	multiple_choice	Which temperatures cause particles of reactants to have more energy?	[ "reducing", "higher", "non-existant", "lower" ]	B
sciq-775	multiple_choice	Weathering is fundamental to the creation of what, which exists as a very thin layer over solid rock?	[ "soil", "moss", "fungus", "aquifers" ]	A
sciq-4974	multiple_choice	What is a segment of dna that carries a code for making a specific polypeptide chain called?	[ "a protein", "nucleotide", "a gene", "amino acid" ]	C
sciq-1705	multiple_choice	In which order does the reactivity of halogen group decline?	[ "right to left", "left to right", "bottom to top", "top to bottom" ]	D
sciq-3027	multiple_choice	In plants and algae, photosynthesis takes place in which organelles?	[ "chloroplasts", "fibroblasts", "cells", "stems" ]	A
ai2_arc-802	multiple_choice	Jennifer and Mark prepared a layer cake using oil and water. After the cake baked in the oven, they added frosting. Which property could be measured with a balance?	[ "the temperature of the oven", "the mass of the frosting", "the height of the layers", "the volume of the oil" ]	B
scienceQA-6783	multiple_choice	Which of these pictures shows a natural resource?	[ "footballs", "cookies", "trees", "jump ropes" ]	C	The picture of trees shows a natural resource. The trees come directly from nature, and people can use them in many ways. The other answers are not correct. They show things that do not come directly from nature. They show things made by people.
sciq-1362	multiple_choice	Temporal and spatial summation at the axon hillock determines whether a neuron generates what?	[ "action potential", "false potential", "change potential", "hidden potential" ]	A
sciq-10790	multiple_choice	When bacteria enter the bloodstream, the result is what condition?	[ "diarrhea", "hypertension", "hypoxia", "septicemia" ]	D
sciq-5729	multiple_choice	What type of roads and parking lots prevent rainwater from soaking into the ground?	[ "dirt", "paved", "shaded", "gravel" ]	B
sciq-7630	multiple_choice	What landform occurs most often along plate boundaries?	[ "sinkholes", "geysers", "dunes", "volcanoes" ]	D
scienceQA-10520	multiple_choice	How long is a tennis racket?	[ "70 meters", "70 centimeters", "70 millimeters", "70 kilometers" ]	B	The best estimate for the length of a tennis racket is 70 centimeters. 70 millimeters is too short. 70 meters and 70 kilometers are too long.
sciq-1200	multiple_choice	Deficiency of what is symptomized by nausea, fatigue and dizziness, and can be triggered by excessive sweating?	[ "electrolytes", "impurities", "calories", "salts" ]	A
sciq-5041	multiple_choice	What is the particular sequence of amino acids in a longer chain called?	[ "carbon sequence", "amino acid sequence", "atomic sequence", "molecular sequence" ]	B
sciq-7259	multiple_choice	Most of the heat that enters the mesosphere comes from where?	[ "Earth's surface", "the stratosphere", "Exosphere", "Troposphere" ]	B
sciq-4780	multiple_choice	Glucagon and insulin are produced in what organ?	[ "thyroid", "thymus", "pancreas", "hypothalamus" ]	C
sciq-4034	multiple_choice	What in hemoglobin gives red blood cells their red color?	[ "barium", "lead", "iron", "calcium" ]	C
sciq-8481	multiple_choice	Kangaroos, koala and opossums are part of what group?	[ "primates", "monotremes", "marsupials", "cephalopods" ]	C
sciq-4026	multiple_choice	What is a longitudinal, flexible rod located between the digestive tube and the nerve cord?	[ "the notochord", "tubular gland", "the oscillatory", "the underlain" ]	A
sciq-11022	multiple_choice	The vertebrate circulatory system enables blood to deliver ________ and remove wastes throughout the body.	[ "fluid and nutrients", "hydrogen and nutrients", "acid and nutrients", "oxygen and nutrients" ]	D
sciq-6887	multiple_choice	What is the atomic number?	[ "number of protons", "Number of electrons", "Number of neutrons", "Speed of electrons" ]	A
sciq-2142	multiple_choice	What is the term for the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels?	[ "blood energy", "circulation pressure", "heart pressure", "blood pressure" ]	D
sciq-2167	multiple_choice	Each vertebral body has a large hole in the center through which the nerves of what pass?	[ "steering cord", "layers cord", "Brain Cord", "spinal cord" ]	D
ai2_arc-346	multiple_choice	Young robins build the same kinds of nests their parents build even if the young birds have never seen their parents build a nest. This is an example of	[ "a learned behavior.", "an inherited behavior.", "a physical characteristic.", "acquired characteristic." ]	B
sciq-3742	multiple_choice	What is used for cooling detectors of infrared telescopes?	[ "carbon dioxide", "liquid nitrogen", "hand nitrogen", "material nitrogen" ]	B
sciq-9121	multiple_choice	What are chemical reactions represented by?	[ "carbon equations", "liquid equations", "chemical equations", "nuclear equations" ]	C
sciq-8262	multiple_choice	If a quantity of a reactant remains unconsumed after complete reaction has occurred, it is?	[ "missing", "static", "in excess", "reduced" ]	C
sciq-11339	multiple_choice	Nearly all weather occurs in the lower part of what?	[ "the mesosphere", "the atmosphere", "the ionosphere", "the lithosphere" ]	B
sciq-9598	multiple_choice	The nitrogen cycle includes air, soil, and what?	[ "water", "decomposers", "living things", "heat" ]	C
sciq-7707	multiple_choice	Where do you find the greatest biodiversity?	[ "in the tropics", "at the poles", "in the tundra", "in shallow lakes" ]	A
sciq-970	multiple_choice	The symbol for each what is usually the first letter or two of its name?	[ "state", "property", "material", "element" ]	D
sciq-10567	multiple_choice	What do convergent plate boundaries with trenches have?	[ "geysers", "volcanoes", "earthquakes", "caves" ]	B
sciq-6627	multiple_choice	What class of animals includes the subgroups rodents, carnivores, insectivores, bats, and primates?	[ "amphibians", "mammals", "insects", "reptiles" ]	B
sciq-5785	multiple_choice	What kind of radiation is observed in honeycreeper birds?	[ "spontaneous", "destructive", "adaptive", "symbiotic" ]	C
sciq-7105	multiple_choice	Which process acts as a natural complement for cellular respiration?	[ "glycolysis", "atherosclerosis", "photosynthesis", "absorption" ]	C
sciq-3275	multiple_choice	What types of drugs affect the brain and influence how a person can feel, think, or act?	[ "antibiotics", "psychoactive", "prescription", "analgesics" ]	B
sciq-10472	multiple_choice	What is the name of the outer part of the adrenal gland located above the kidneys?	[ "spleen", "cortex", "mitochondria", "nucleus" ]	B
sciq-8047	multiple_choice	What forms as a result of decomposition when n2o is heated?	[ "ammonia and nitrogren", "calcium and oxygen", "nitrogen and hydrogen", "nitrogen and oxygen" ]	D
ai2_arc-1095	multiple_choice	In a tropical rainforest, the difference between daytime and nighttime temperatures is relatively small. In the desert, the difference between daytime and nighttime temperatures is very large. Which factor contributes to the lower variation in rainforest temperatures?	[ "Foliage in the rainforest reflects heat.", "Organisms in the rainforest absorb moisture.", "Solar radiation in the rainforest is less intense.", "Cloud cover in the rainforest helps to retain heat." ]	D
sciq-5901	multiple_choice	What is the layer above the troposphere?	[ "mesosphere", "troposphere", "stratosphere", "thermosphere" ]	C
sciq-7817	multiple_choice	What theory brings together continental drift and seafloor spreading?	[ "theory of front tectonics", "theory of plate tectonics", "theory of order tectonics", "theory of water tectonics" ]	B
sciq-1732	multiple_choice	What debated therapy offers a potential method for replacing neurons lost to injury or disease?	[ "cell duplication", "stem cell reduction", "stem cell therapy", "cell production therapy" ]	C
sciq-9849	multiple_choice	What is a byproduct from the combustion of fossil fuels like coal and gasoline?	[ "carbon monoxide", "aluminum oxide", "alcohol", "nitrogen dioxide" ]	D
sciq-9039	multiple_choice	E. coli need what kind of acids to survive?	[ "bacterial", "boric", "hydrochloric", "amino" ]	D
scienceQA-81	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? a banana getting ripe on the counter newly poured concrete becoming hard	[ "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are only physical changes." ]	B	Step 1: Think about each change. A banana getting ripe on the counter is a chemical change. As a banana ripens, the type of matter in it changes. The peel changes color and the inside becomes softer and sweeter. Concrete hardening is a chemical change. The chemicals in the concrete react with each other to form a different type of matter. The new matter is hard and strong. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.
sciq-2965	multiple_choice	In the forward reaction, hydrogen and iodine combine to form what?	[ "ionic hydrogen", "iodinic hydrogen", "hydrogen ionicide", "hydrogen iodide" ]	D
sciq-7572	multiple_choice	What are required when the damage from trauma or infection cannot be closed with sutures or staples?	[ "debris grafts", "bone grafts", "skin grafts", "tree grafts" ]	C
sciq-348	multiple_choice	Water is recycled constantly through which system?	[ "the habitat", "the troposphere", "the hydropshere", "the ecosystem" ]	D
sciq-11541	multiple_choice	What type of compounds can form crystals?	[ "integral compounds", "ionic compounds", "molecular compounds", "magnetic compounds" ]	B
sciq-2486	multiple_choice	Water molds are commonly found in moist soil and where else?	[ "standing water", "crust water", "methane water", "surface water" ]	D
sciq-8992	multiple_choice	The base in an antacid reacts to do what to excess stomach acid?	[ "expel it", "repel it", "oxidize it", "neutralize it" ]	D
sciq-2162	multiple_choice	What do tadpoles change into?	[ "adult frogs", "toads", "mud puppies", "reptiles" ]	A
sciq-10337	multiple_choice	What type of symmetry does an octopus have?	[ "bilateral", "internal", "quadrilateral", "essential" ]	A
sciq-9614	multiple_choice	What process is magnesium important to?	[ "absorption", "photosynthetic", "dna replication", "carbon cycle" ]	B
scienceQA-1523	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? using polish to remove tarnish from a silver spoon a penny tarnishing	[ "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are only physical changes." ]	A	Step 1: Think about each change. A tarnished silver spoon is one that has become less shiny over time. Polishing the spoon makes it look shiny again. The polish changes the tarnish into a different type of matter that can be easily wiped away. So, using polish to remove tarnish from silver is a chemical change. Metal turning less shiny over time is called tarnishing. A penny tarnishing is a chemical change. When air touches the penny, the surface of the penny changes into a different type of matter. This matter makes the penny dull. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.
sciq-6976	multiple_choice	What element is responsible for one-half of the osmotic pressure gradient that exists between the interior of cells and their surrounding environment?	[ "sodium", "potassium", "nitrogen", "calcium" ]	A
sciq-7009	multiple_choice	What are the only organisms that can perform photosynthesis?	[ "heterotrophs", "sponges", "monocots", "autotrophs" ]	D
sciq-2992	multiple_choice	The ammonium ion is what type of acid?	[ "normal -lowry", "kaon - lowry", "oxidized - lowry", "brønsted-lowry" ]	D
sciq-10721	multiple_choice	Transferring what from sodium to chlorine decreases the radius of sodium by about 50%?	[ "neutron", "proton", "electron", "quark" ]	C
sciq-8742	multiple_choice	What does the urethra do?	[ "makes sperm and evacuates bowels", "stores sperm and urine", "filters urine and makes sperm", "carries urine and sperm out of the body" ]	D
sciq-8332	multiple_choice	What term describes the application of knowledge to real-world problems and is practiced by engineers?	[ "science", "invention", "mechanisms", "technology" ]	D
scienceQA-6016	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? burning food on a stove an iceberg melting slowly	[ "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are caused by cooling." ]	C	Step 1: Think about each change. Burning food on a stove is a chemical change. When the food burns, the type of matter in it changes. The food turns black and gives off smoke. An iceberg melting is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. An iceberg is made of frozen water. As it melts, the water changes from a solid to a liquid. But a different type of matter is not formed. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. An iceberg melting is a physical change. But burning food on a stove is not. Both are chemical changes. Burning food on a stove is a chemical change. But an iceberg melting is not. Both are caused by heating. Both changes are caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.
ai2_arc-987	multiple_choice	Which of these has the greatest capacity for storing thermal energy from the Sun?	[ "air", "land", "oceans", "plants" ]	C
sciq-9279	multiple_choice	Calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate are effective in neutralizing the effects of what on lakes?	[ "oil rain", "dioxide rain", "ozone rain", "acid rain" ]	D
sciq-960	multiple_choice	What kind of gland produces an oily substance that waterproofs the hair and skin?	[ "mucous gland", "nail gland", "sebaceous gland", "secretion gland" ]	C
sciq-6822	multiple_choice	The chemistry of each element is determined by its number of what?	[ "nuclei and neutrons", "protons and electrons", "protons and neutrons", "electrons and neutrons" ]	B
sciq-7805	multiple_choice	What is the apparatus used for carrying out an electrolysis reaction called?	[ "electrolytic cell", "reversible cell", "fluorescent cell", "biochemical cell" ]	A
sciq-6274	multiple_choice	Work is done only if a force is exerted in the direction of what?	[ "wind", "gravity", "north", "motion" ]	D
sciq-4584	multiple_choice	Cell walls, plastids, and a large central vacuole distinguish plant cells from what?	[ "phloem cells", "parenchyma cells", "eukaryotic cells", "animal cells" ]	D
sciq-6199	multiple_choice	Sulfur can combine with oxygen to produce what?	[ "sulfur bioxide", "sulfur trioxide", "sulfur dioxide", "sulfur oxide" ]	B
sciq-4935	multiple_choice	How can you prevent your ice cream from getting a sandy texture?	[ "by adding salt", "by using fructose", "by adding oil", "by using lowfat milk" ]	B
sciq-10460	multiple_choice	In science, what process produces evidence that helps answer questions and solve problems?	[ "manipulation", "information", "investigation", "suspension" ]	C
sciq-5551	multiple_choice	Females are not influenced by the male sex hormone testosterone during embryonic development because they lack what?	[ "m chromosome", "x chromosome", "y chromosome", "z chromosome" ]	C

sciq-8601

multiple_choice

What is the name of the project concerning genetics that is one of the landmark scientific events of the last 50 years?

[ "human genome project", "manhattan project", "human organism project", "blue beam project" ]

A

sciq-7195

multiple_choice

During photosynthesis what organelle is used by plants to change sunlight into chemical energy?

[ "golgi apparatus", "ribosome", "chloroplasts", "mitochondria" ]

C

sciq-142

multiple_choice

What muscles are used to pump water over the gills?

[ "pharynx and tonsils", "lungs and pharynx", "jaws and pharynx", "muscles and pharynx" ]

C

sciq-10483

multiple_choice

Which layer is found below the lithosphere?

[ "asthenosphere", "stratosphere", "magnetosphere", "troposphere" ]

A

sciq-8553

multiple_choice

Genetic variation helps ensure that some organisms will survive if what happens?

[ "there's an earthquake", "they die", "they get eaten", "their environment changes" ]

D

sciq-848

multiple_choice

Types of radiation that cause cancer include ultraviolet (uv) radiation and what?

[ "thermal", "molecular", "radon", "vibrational" ]

C

sciq-2293

multiple_choice

What do communication satellites carry and use to provide energy during their missions?

[ "infrared panels", "batteries", "geothermal panels", "solar panels" ]

D

sciq-9916

multiple_choice

Where are about 75% of the tar sands in the world located?

[ "venezuela and onatrio,canada", "china and onatrio, canada", "venezuela and alberta, canada", "alberta, canada and peru" ]

C

sciq-4689

multiple_choice

What is the primary cause of air movement in the troposphere?

[ "the ozone layer", "differences in heating", "asteroids", "solar winds" ]

B

sciq-4827

multiple_choice

Velocity affects what type of energy more than mass does?

[ "mechanical energy", "kinetic energy", "magnetic energy", "harmonic energy" ]

B

sciq-11305

multiple_choice

What is the type of volcano with a tall cone shape that you picture when picturing a volcano?

[ "advanced", "inactive", "active", "composite" ]

D

sciq-8782

multiple_choice

In the past, biologists grouped living organisms into five kingdoms: animals, plants, fungi, protists, and what?

[ "pathogens", "bacteria", "trees", "lizards" ]

B

ai2_arc-330

multiple_choice

A student pushes against a tree with a force of 10 newtons (N). The tree does not move. What is the amount of force exerted by the tree on the student?

[ "0 N", "5 N", "10 N", "20 N" ]

D

sciq-3116

multiple_choice

What natural resource can be damaged by the accumulation of too much salt?

[ "soil", "mineral", "forests", "sediment" ]

A

sciq-2558

multiple_choice

What developmental stage do alligators lack that most other amphibians have?

[ "larval stage", "Tadpole stage", "Egg Stage", "metamorphosis" ]

A

sciq-8196

multiple_choice

What is the most common type of joint in the human body?

[ "proximal joints", "movable joints", "dorsal joints", "transverse joints" ]

B

sciq-3762

multiple_choice

What can be combined with an amine to form an amide?

[ "ketones", "carbon dioxide", "acetic acid", "carboxylic acid" ]

D

sciq-471

multiple_choice

Bones are the main organs of what system, which also includes cartilage and ligaments?

[ "lymphatic system", "digestive system", "skeletal system", "endocrine system" ]

C

sciq-5430

multiple_choice

What type of gas are stars made up of?

[ "freon", "water vapor", "calcium", "hydrogen" ]

D

scienceQA-3693

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? a rock heating up in a campfire cooking an egg

[ "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are only physical changes." ]

C

Step 1: Think about each change. A rock heating up in a campfire is a physical change. The temperature of the rock goes up, but the rock is still made of the same type of matter. Cooking an egg is a chemical change. The heat causes the matter in the egg to change. Cooked eggs and raw eggs are made of different types of matter. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. A rock heating up in a campfire is a physical change. But cooking an egg is not. Both are chemical changes. Cooking an egg is a chemical change. But a rock heating up in a campfire is not. Both are caused by heating. Both changes are caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

sciq-3352

multiple_choice

Why do sharks sense low levels of electricity?

[ "to locate prey", "to locate mates", "to reproduce", "to sleep" ]

A

sciq-3491

multiple_choice

A plant that forms special tissues for storing water in an arid climate is an example of the plant evolving what?

[ "additions", "adaptations", "consciousness", "divergence" ]

B

sciq-2095

multiple_choice

Humans have about 20,000 to 22,000 genes scattered among 23 of these?

[ "chromosomes", "atoms", "neutrons", "ribosomes" ]

A

sciq-34

multiple_choice

All living things need air and this to survive?

[ "habitat", "ecosystem", "stimuli", "water" ]

D

scienceQA-11485

multiple_choice

Select the fish.

[ "African bullfrog", "blue-footed booby", "African elephant", "green moray eel" ]

D

An African elephant is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk. Elephants live in groups called herds. The oldest female in the herd is usually the leader. A blue-footed booby is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Blue-footed boobies live on tropical islands in the Pacific Ocean. A green moray eel is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Eels are long and thin. They may have small fins. They look like snakes, but they are fish! An African bullfrog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. Frogs live near water or in damp places. Most frogs lay their eggs in water.

sciq-1009

multiple_choice

What happens to charges whenever they are accelerated?

[ "they die", "they radiate", "they darken", "they fuse" ]

B

sciq-3083

multiple_choice

Terrestrial animals lose water by evaporation from their skin and which surfaces?

[ "respiratory", "pulmonary", "anaerobic", "digestive" ]

A

sciq-3376

multiple_choice

Which temperatures cause particles of reactants to have more energy?

[ "reducing", "higher", "non-existant", "lower" ]

B

sciq-775

multiple_choice

Weathering is fundamental to the creation of what, which exists as a very thin layer over solid rock?

[ "soil", "moss", "fungus", "aquifers" ]

A

sciq-4974

multiple_choice

What is a segment of dna that carries a code for making a specific polypeptide chain called?

[ "a protein", "nucleotide", "a gene", "amino acid" ]

C

sciq-1705

multiple_choice

In which order does the reactivity of halogen group decline?

[ "right to left", "left to right", "bottom to top", "top to bottom" ]

D

sciq-3027

multiple_choice

In plants and algae, photosynthesis takes place in which organelles?

[ "chloroplasts", "fibroblasts", "cells", "stems" ]

A

ai2_arc-802

multiple_choice

Jennifer and Mark prepared a layer cake using oil and water. After the cake baked in the oven, they added frosting. Which property could be measured with a balance?

[ "the temperature of the oven", "the mass of the frosting", "the height of the layers", "the volume of the oil" ]

B

scienceQA-6783

multiple_choice

Which of these pictures shows a natural resource?

[ "footballs", "cookies", "trees", "jump ropes" ]

C

The picture of trees shows a natural resource. The trees come directly from nature, and people can use them in many ways. The other answers are not correct. They show things that do not come directly from nature. They show things made by people.

sciq-1362

multiple_choice

Temporal and spatial summation at the axon hillock determines whether a neuron generates what?

[ "action potential", "false potential", "change potential", "hidden potential" ]

A

sciq-10790

multiple_choice

When bacteria enter the bloodstream, the result is what condition?

[ "diarrhea", "hypertension", "hypoxia", "septicemia" ]

D

sciq-5729

multiple_choice

What type of roads and parking lots prevent rainwater from soaking into the ground?

[ "dirt", "paved", "shaded", "gravel" ]

B

sciq-7630

multiple_choice

What landform occurs most often along plate boundaries?

[ "sinkholes", "geysers", "dunes", "volcanoes" ]

D

scienceQA-10520

multiple_choice

How long is a tennis racket?

[ "70 meters", "70 centimeters", "70 millimeters", "70 kilometers" ]

B

The best estimate for the length of a tennis racket is 70 centimeters. 70 millimeters is too short. 70 meters and 70 kilometers are too long.

sciq-1200

multiple_choice

Deficiency of what is symptomized by nausea, fatigue and dizziness, and can be triggered by excessive sweating?

[ "electrolytes", "impurities", "calories", "salts" ]

A

sciq-5041

multiple_choice

What is the particular sequence of amino acids in a longer chain called?

[ "carbon sequence", "amino acid sequence", "atomic sequence", "molecular sequence" ]

B

sciq-7259

multiple_choice

Most of the heat that enters the mesosphere comes from where?

[ "Earth's surface", "the stratosphere", "Exosphere", "Troposphere" ]

B

sciq-4780

multiple_choice

Glucagon and insulin are produced in what organ?

[ "thyroid", "thymus", "pancreas", "hypothalamus" ]

C

sciq-4034

multiple_choice

What in hemoglobin gives red blood cells their red color?

[ "barium", "lead", "iron", "calcium" ]

C

sciq-8481

multiple_choice

Kangaroos, koala and opossums are part of what group?

[ "primates", "monotremes", "marsupials", "cephalopods" ]

C

sciq-4026

multiple_choice

What is a longitudinal, flexible rod located between the digestive tube and the nerve cord?

[ "the notochord", "tubular gland", "the oscillatory", "the underlain" ]

A

sciq-11022

multiple_choice

The vertebrate circulatory system enables blood to deliver ________ and remove wastes throughout the body.

[ "fluid and nutrients", "hydrogen and nutrients", "acid and nutrients", "oxygen and nutrients" ]

D

sciq-6887

multiple_choice

What is the atomic number?

[ "number of protons", "Number of electrons", "Number of neutrons", "Speed of electrons" ]

A

sciq-2142

multiple_choice

What is the term for the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels?

[ "blood energy", "circulation pressure", "heart pressure", "blood pressure" ]

D

sciq-2167

multiple_choice

Each vertebral body has a large hole in the center through which the nerves of what pass?

[ "steering cord", "layers cord", "Brain Cord", "spinal cord" ]

D

ai2_arc-346

multiple_choice

Young robins build the same kinds of nests their parents build even if the young birds have never seen their parents build a nest. This is an example of

[ "a learned behavior.", "an inherited behavior.", "a physical characteristic.", "acquired characteristic." ]

B

sciq-3742

multiple_choice

What is used for cooling detectors of infrared telescopes?

[ "carbon dioxide", "liquid nitrogen", "hand nitrogen", "material nitrogen" ]

B

sciq-9121

multiple_choice

What are chemical reactions represented by?

[ "carbon equations", "liquid equations", "chemical equations", "nuclear equations" ]

C

sciq-8262

multiple_choice

If a quantity of a reactant remains unconsumed after complete reaction has occurred, it is?

[ "missing", "static", "in excess", "reduced" ]

C

sciq-11339

multiple_choice

Nearly all weather occurs in the lower part of what?

[ "the mesosphere", "the atmosphere", "the ionosphere", "the lithosphere" ]

B

sciq-9598

multiple_choice

The nitrogen cycle includes air, soil, and what?

[ "water", "decomposers", "living things", "heat" ]

C

sciq-7707

multiple_choice

Where do you find the greatest biodiversity?

[ "in the tropics", "at the poles", "in the tundra", "in shallow lakes" ]

A

sciq-970

multiple_choice

The symbol for each what is usually the first letter or two of its name?

[ "state", "property", "material", "element" ]

D

sciq-10567

multiple_choice

What do convergent plate boundaries with trenches have?

[ "geysers", "volcanoes", "earthquakes", "caves" ]

B

sciq-6627

multiple_choice

What class of animals includes the subgroups rodents, carnivores, insectivores, bats, and primates?

[ "amphibians", "mammals", "insects", "reptiles" ]

B

sciq-5785

multiple_choice

What kind of radiation is observed in honeycreeper birds?

[ "spontaneous", "destructive", "adaptive", "symbiotic" ]

C

sciq-7105

multiple_choice

Which process acts as a natural complement for cellular respiration?

[ "glycolysis", "atherosclerosis", "photosynthesis", "absorption" ]

C

sciq-3275

multiple_choice

What types of drugs affect the brain and influence how a person can feel, think, or act?

[ "antibiotics", "psychoactive", "prescription", "analgesics" ]

B

sciq-10472

multiple_choice

What is the name of the outer part of the adrenal gland located above the kidneys?

[ "spleen", "cortex", "mitochondria", "nucleus" ]

B

sciq-8047

multiple_choice

What forms as a result of decomposition when n2o is heated?

[ "ammonia and nitrogren", "calcium and oxygen", "nitrogen and hydrogen", "nitrogen and oxygen" ]

D

ai2_arc-1095

multiple_choice

In a tropical rainforest, the difference between daytime and nighttime temperatures is relatively small. In the desert, the difference between daytime and nighttime temperatures is very large. Which factor contributes to the lower variation in rainforest temperatures?

[ "Foliage in the rainforest reflects heat.", "Organisms in the rainforest absorb moisture.", "Solar radiation in the rainforest is less intense.", "Cloud cover in the rainforest helps to retain heat." ]

D

sciq-5901

multiple_choice

What is the layer above the troposphere?

[ "mesosphere", "troposphere", "stratosphere", "thermosphere" ]

C

sciq-7817

multiple_choice

What theory brings together continental drift and seafloor spreading?

[ "theory of front tectonics", "theory of plate tectonics", "theory of order tectonics", "theory of water tectonics" ]

B

sciq-1732

multiple_choice

What debated therapy offers a potential method for replacing neurons lost to injury or disease?

[ "cell duplication", "stem cell reduction", "stem cell therapy", "cell production therapy" ]

C

sciq-9849

multiple_choice

What is a byproduct from the combustion of fossil fuels like coal and gasoline?

[ "carbon monoxide", "aluminum oxide", "alcohol", "nitrogen dioxide" ]

D

sciq-9039

multiple_choice

E. coli need what kind of acids to survive?

[ "bacterial", "boric", "hydrochloric", "amino" ]

D

scienceQA-81

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? a banana getting ripe on the counter newly poured concrete becoming hard

[ "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are only physical changes." ]

B

Step 1: Think about each change. A banana getting ripe on the counter is a chemical change. As a banana ripens, the type of matter in it changes. The peel changes color and the inside becomes softer and sweeter. Concrete hardening is a chemical change. The chemicals in the concrete react with each other to form a different type of matter. The new matter is hard and strong. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

sciq-2965

multiple_choice

In the forward reaction, hydrogen and iodine combine to form what?

[ "ionic hydrogen", "iodinic hydrogen", "hydrogen ionicide", "hydrogen iodide" ]

D

sciq-7572

multiple_choice

What are required when the damage from trauma or infection cannot be closed with sutures or staples?

[ "debris grafts", "bone grafts", "skin grafts", "tree grafts" ]

C

sciq-348

multiple_choice

Water is recycled constantly through which system?

[ "the habitat", "the troposphere", "the hydropshere", "the ecosystem" ]

D

sciq-11541

multiple_choice

What type of compounds can form crystals?

[ "integral compounds", "ionic compounds", "molecular compounds", "magnetic compounds" ]

B

sciq-2486

multiple_choice

Water molds are commonly found in moist soil and where else?

[ "standing water", "crust water", "methane water", "surface water" ]

D

sciq-8992

multiple_choice

The base in an antacid reacts to do what to excess stomach acid?

[ "expel it", "repel it", "oxidize it", "neutralize it" ]

D

sciq-2162

multiple_choice

What do tadpoles change into?

[ "adult frogs", "toads", "mud puppies", "reptiles" ]

A

sciq-10337

multiple_choice

What type of symmetry does an octopus have?

[ "bilateral", "internal", "quadrilateral", "essential" ]

A

sciq-9614

multiple_choice

What process is magnesium important to?

[ "absorption", "photosynthetic", "dna replication", "carbon cycle" ]

B

scienceQA-1523

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? using polish to remove tarnish from a silver spoon a penny tarnishing

[ "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are only physical changes." ]

A

Step 1: Think about each change. A tarnished silver spoon is one that has become less shiny over time. Polishing the spoon makes it look shiny again. The polish changes the tarnish into a different type of matter that can be easily wiped away. So, using polish to remove tarnish from silver is a chemical change. Metal turning less shiny over time is called tarnishing. A penny tarnishing is a chemical change. When air touches the penny, the surface of the penny changes into a different type of matter. This matter makes the penny dull. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

sciq-6976

multiple_choice

What element is responsible for one-half of the osmotic pressure gradient that exists between the interior of cells and their surrounding environment?

[ "sodium", "potassium", "nitrogen", "calcium" ]

A

sciq-7009

multiple_choice

What are the only organisms that can perform photosynthesis?

[ "heterotrophs", "sponges", "monocots", "autotrophs" ]

D

sciq-2992

multiple_choice

The ammonium ion is what type of acid?

[ "normal -lowry", "kaon - lowry", "oxidized - lowry", "brønsted-lowry" ]

D

sciq-10721

multiple_choice

Transferring what from sodium to chlorine decreases the radius of sodium by about 50%?

[ "neutron", "proton", "electron", "quark" ]

C

sciq-8742

multiple_choice

What does the urethra do?

[ "makes sperm and evacuates bowels", "stores sperm and urine", "filters urine and makes sperm", "carries urine and sperm out of the body" ]

D

sciq-8332

multiple_choice

What term describes the application of knowledge to real-world problems and is practiced by engineers?

[ "science", "invention", "mechanisms", "technology" ]

D

scienceQA-6016

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? burning food on a stove an iceberg melting slowly

[ "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are caused by cooling." ]

C

Step 1: Think about each change. Burning food on a stove is a chemical change. When the food burns, the type of matter in it changes. The food turns black and gives off smoke. An iceberg melting is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. An iceberg is made of frozen water. As it melts, the water changes from a solid to a liquid. But a different type of matter is not formed. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. An iceberg melting is a physical change. But burning food on a stove is not. Both are chemical changes. Burning food on a stove is a chemical change. But an iceberg melting is not. Both are caused by heating. Both changes are caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

ai2_arc-987

multiple_choice

Which of these has the greatest capacity for storing thermal energy from the Sun?

[ "air", "land", "oceans", "plants" ]

C

sciq-9279

multiple_choice

Calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate are effective in neutralizing the effects of what on lakes?

[ "oil rain", "dioxide rain", "ozone rain", "acid rain" ]

D

sciq-960

multiple_choice

What kind of gland produces an oily substance that waterproofs the hair and skin?

[ "mucous gland", "nail gland", "sebaceous gland", "secretion gland" ]

C

sciq-6822

multiple_choice

The chemistry of each element is determined by its number of what?

[ "nuclei and neutrons", "protons and electrons", "protons and neutrons", "electrons and neutrons" ]

B

sciq-7805

multiple_choice

What is the apparatus used for carrying out an electrolysis reaction called?

[ "electrolytic cell", "reversible cell", "fluorescent cell", "biochemical cell" ]

A

sciq-6274

multiple_choice

Work is done only if a force is exerted in the direction of what?

[ "wind", "gravity", "north", "motion" ]

D

sciq-4584

multiple_choice

Cell walls, plastids, and a large central vacuole distinguish plant cells from what?

[ "phloem cells", "parenchyma cells", "eukaryotic cells", "animal cells" ]

D

sciq-6199

multiple_choice

Sulfur can combine with oxygen to produce what?

[ "sulfur bioxide", "sulfur trioxide", "sulfur dioxide", "sulfur oxide" ]

B

sciq-4935

multiple_choice

How can you prevent your ice cream from getting a sandy texture?

[ "by adding salt", "by using fructose", "by adding oil", "by using lowfat milk" ]

B

sciq-10460

multiple_choice

In science, what process produces evidence that helps answer questions and solve problems?

[ "manipulation", "information", "investigation", "suspension" ]

C

sciq-5551

multiple_choice

Females are not influenced by the male sex hormone testosterone during embryonic development because they lack what?

[ "m chromosome", "x chromosome", "y chromosome", "z chromosome" ]

C