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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ReSID
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reSID is a reverse engineered software emulation of the MOS6581 SID (Sound Interface Device) chip programmed by Dag Lem. This chip was used in the Commodore 64 computer. reSID is free software, published under the GNU General Public License.
reSID is a C++ library containing a complete emulation of the SID chip. This library can be linked into programs emulating the MOS6510 MPU to play music made for the Commodore 64 computer. reSID has been linked into VICE (a Commodore 64 emulator), SIDPLAY (a SID tune player), and into the trackers GoatTracker and cheesecutter.
The emulator engine is cycle-based, emulating the internal operations of the SID chip. SID's audio filter is modeled as an actual two-integrator-loop biquadratic filter. The engine has been developed based on available information on SID, sampling of the OSC3 and ENV3 registers, filter theory, and testing.
There are two main varieties of the SID chip, 6581 and 8580. They implement the same programming API, but their analogue parts behave differently. The differences are mostly: quality of DACs, combined waveforms, voltage offsets inside the chip and the filter.
Due to the engineering decisions, the filter of the 6581 family of chips was significantly nonlinear. Simulations of the effect indicate that the distortion is strongly linked to sound amplitude at the highpass and bandpass outputs of the filter, and occurs only on the other half-wave of the output waveform. The effective center frequency of the filter can be seen to drift higher in spectrum as the input waveform's amplitude increases, and the effect is believed to be side effect of the exponential response of the NMOS inverters that double as op-amps on the 6581 chip. Additionally, the distortion is stabilized by the inverted phase of the bandpass output, which allows some distortion to occur during both half-waves of the input waveform. In contrast, the 8580 chip's filter was re-engineered and appears to behave ideally.
The linear filters of reSID do not even attempt to emulate the nonlinear character of 6581 emulation, and some features such as the OptimiseLevel setting further degrades filter quality by limiting the filter upper frequency to mere 4 kHz (genuine chips can specify center frequencies up to at least 20 kHz on the 6581 and 12 kHz on 8580). Work has been done to add 6581 distortion simulation to the engine, it started in 2007 as a patch maintained by Antti S. Lankila and ended up with the reSIDfp fork, included as the main emulation engine in libsidplayfp.
The latest official version is 0.16, which was released 11 June 2004, while a prerelease for reSID 1.0 was included in VICE in 2010 - 2011, and has been patched by others since then. The prerelease provides accurate models of non-monotonic D/A converters and filter for the 6581 model, where a DAQ has been used to sample the SID capacitor pins in order to work out an op-amp transfer function. It also includes an assortment of improvements to the cycle level
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversations%20Network
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The Conversations Network (2002-2012) was a California non-profit corporation founded by Doug Kaye with the intent of coordinating a global team of volunteer podcasters, even part-time audio/video producers, editors, writers, and audio engineers, to capture and publish lectures, seminars, and other significant events that would otherwise go unrecorded. They are modeled after Kaye's highly successful IT Conversations network.
References
External links
Conversations Network (2012 copy from archive.org)
Non-profit organizations based in California
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicious%20Engine
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The Vicious Engine is a game engine that offers functionality for rendering, sound, networking, physics, game play scripting, and lighting. It was developed by Vicious Cycle Software, and was first released in January 2005. No additional third-party libraries are required, and all source code is included. It supports GameCube, Wii, WiiWare, Xbox, Xbox 360, Xbox Live Arcade, PlayStation 2, PlayStation Portable, PlayStation Network, and Microsoft Windows. The engine would become dormant as a part of the closure of Vicious Cycle Software in 2016.
Vicious Engine 2
Vicious Engine 2 (sometimes stylized as Ve2) has been optimized for eighth-generation consoles and high-end PCs. It was released on March 25, 2009, at the Game Developers Conference. It features improvements for next-generation consoles, especially the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3. D3P and Vicious Cycle Software's Eat Lead: The Return of Matt Hazard is the first retail title to use the new technology. In addition to the previous platforms, it supports PlayStation 3.
Games using the Vicious Engine
300: March to Glory (2007)
Alien Syndrome (2007)
Curious George (2006)
Dead Head Fred (2007)
Spy vs. Spy (2005)
Dora the Explorer: Journey to the Purple Planet (2005)
Eat Lead: The Return of Matt Hazard (2009, PS3/X360)
Real Heroes: Firefighter (2009, Wii/Xbox One/PS4/Nintendo Switch)
Matt Hazard: Blood Bath and Beyond (2010, PS3/X360)
Flushed Away (2006, PS2/3DS)
Marvel Trading Card Game (2007)
Puzzle Quest: Challenge of the Warlords (2007, PSP port)
Hilton Garden Inn: Ultimate Team Play (2009, PSP)
Desi Adda: Games of India (2009, PS2/PSP)
Minute to Win It (2010, Wii/360)
Freekscape: Escape From Hell (2010, PS3/PSP)
Despicable Me (2010, PS3/PS2/PSP/Wii/NDS)
Man vs Wild: The Game (2011, PS3/360/Wii)
Earth Defense Force: Insect Armageddon (2011, PS3/360/PC)
Elements of Destruction (2008 PC/360)
Pac-Man and the Ghostly Adventures (2013, PS3/WiiU/3DS/360/PC)
Pac-Man and the Ghostly Adventures 2 (2014, PS3/WiiU/3DS/360)
References
External links
Interview with the president of Vicious Cycle Software regarding Vicious Engine from FiringSquard.com
Video game engines
Vicious Engine games
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TV%20Senado
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TV Senado (Portuguese for Senate TV) is a Brazilian television network responsible for broadcasting activity from the Brazilian Senate. It was created in 1996 by the Brazilian Senate. The channel broadcasts 24h from the Senate.
TV Senado broadcasts on YouTube, on its own channel started in December 2010. During the impeachment of Dilma Rousseff and her subsequent removal from office in late 2016, the channel surpassed 100 thousand subscribers, for which they later received the Silver Play Button. The channel surpassed 500 thousand subscribers in March 2020.
Public interest for TV Senado went up again after the start of the COVID-19 CPI, an investigation on omissions and irregularities in federal government spending during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. As of May 2021, the channel has over 760 thousand subscribers.
References
External links
Official website of the Brazilian Senate
TV Senado
TV Senado
Portuguese-language television stations in Brazil
Television channels and stations established in 1996
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACM%20Guide%20to%20Computing%20Literature
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ACM Guide to Computing Literature is a database, published by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), that categorizes and abstracts most computing literature. It contains citations to all ACM publications, as well as literature from other publishers.
The Guide was also published in print from 1977 until 1997. All of the citations included in the printed Guide from 1987 through 1997 are included in the online database; citations from print issues of the Guide published prior to 1987 are not necessarily found in the online version.
The Guide is not to be confused with the ACM Digital Library. The Digital Library provides complete texts of journals, magazines and conferences sponsored or published by ACM.
See also
Association for Computing Machinery
ACM Digital Library
ACM Computing Reviews
References
External links
ACM Guide to Computing Literature — limited access for non-subscribers
ACM Digital Library — limited access for non-subscribers
Bibliographic databases in computer science
Guide to Computing Literature
Guide to Computing Literature
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Billboard%20200%20number-one%20albums%20of%202001
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The Billboard 200, published in the Billboard magazine, is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling albums in the United States. The data is compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based on each album's weekly physical and digital sales. In 2001, 27 albums reached the top of the chart.
The first number-one album of the year was 1 by English rock band the Beatles, which reached the top in December 2000 and continued its run until early February 2001 for a total of eight weeks. Shaggy achieved his first number-one album with Hot Shot. It topped the chart for a total of six weeks and sold more than 5.5 million copies within the year. Staind's Break the Cycle topped the charts for three consecutive weeks in June and sold more than 4.2 million copies in 2001. NSYNC achieved the best-selling album within the first week, selling more than 1.8 million copies with Celebrity, 620,000 more than above earlier in the year. Furthermore, it was the tenth album to sell more than a million units in its first week sakes, since Nielsen SoundScan started collecting data in 1991. Furthermore, it was the third best-selling album of the year and was certified 5-times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Following her death, Aaliyah's reached the top for one week in September with her eponymous studio album.
Jay-Z earned his fourth number-one album in the US with The Blueprint. In its third week atop the chart, the record sold about 173,000 copies, the lowest for any number-one in the year. Ja Rule eventually achieved his second and most recent chart-topping album with Pain Is Love., dethroning Jay-Z in mid-October and topping the chart for two consecutive weeks. The last album to top the chart in 2001 was Weathered by American rock band Creed. It peaked at number one for four consecutive weeks in 2001 and continued for four weeks in January 2002. The album, released in November, was the eighth best-selling record of the year, selling about 3.5 million copies; it is certified 6-times platinum by the RIAA. Unusually, the year's best-selling record, Hybrid Theory by Linkin Park, was not able to top the Billboard 200. Instead the Beatles' 1 was crowned the most successful album of the year.
Number-ones
See also
2001 in music
List of number-one albums (United States)
Notes
References
2001
2001 record charts
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAR%20%28file%20format%29
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In software engineering, a WAR file (Web Application Resource or Web application ARchive) is a file used to distribute a collection of JAR-files, JavaServer Pages, Java Servlets, Java classes, XML files, tag libraries, static web pages (HTML and related files) and other resources that together constitute a web application.
Content and structure
A WAR file may be digitally signed in the same way as a JAR file in order to allow others to determine where the source code came from.
There are special files and directories within a WAR file:
The /WEB-INF directory in the WAR file contains a file named web.xml which defines the structure of the web application. If the web application is only serving JSP files, the web.xml file is not strictly necessary. If the web application uses servlets, then the servlet container uses web.xml to ascertain to which servlet a URL request will be routed. The web.xml file is also used to define context variables which can be referenced within the servlets and it is used to define environmental dependencies which the deployer is expected to set up. An example of this is a dependency on a mail session used to send email. The servlet container is responsible for providing this service.
Advantages of WAR files
Easy testing and deployment of web applications
Easy identification of the version of the deployed application
All Java EE containers support WAR files
MVC structure supports WAR files.
Assuming production environments do not promote a fix without sufficient testing prior to deployment, a WAR file has a distinct advantage when properties files are used to identify environment specific variables. For example, an LDAP server in a testing environment may be something like ldaps://testauth.example.com:636. The LDAP server in a production environment is ldaps://auth.example.com:636. An external properties file would define the link with some thing like:
LINKED_PAGE=ldaps://testauth.example.com:636
The source code reads the property file to determine the target LDAP server. In this way, developers can be certain that the WAR file tested and verified is exactly the same as that which is being promoted to production.
Disadvantages of WAR files
Some consider web deployment using WAR files to be disadvantageous when minor changes to source code are required for dynamic environments. Each change to source code must be repackaged and deployed in development. This does not require stopping the web server if configured for runtime deployment.
Example
The following sample web.xml file demonstrates the declaration and association of a servlet:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE web-app
PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.2//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/j2ee/dtds/web-app_2_2.dtd">
<web-app>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>mypackage.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-n
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WSDM%20%28FM%29
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WSDM is a radio station broadcasting a Catholic talk radio and sports radio format broadcasting Ave Maria Radio and EWTN programming, as well as North Posey sports.
References
External links
SDM (FM)
Radio stations established in 2002
2002 establishments in Indiana
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link%2022
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Link 22 is a secure digital radio link in the HF and UHF bands, primarily used by military forces as a tactical data link.
Link 22 provides beyond line-of-sight (BLOS) communications. It interconnects air, surface, subsurface, and ground-based tactical data systems, and it is used for the exchange of tactical data among the military units of the participating nations. Link 22 will be deployed in peacetime, crisis, and war to support NATO and Allied warfare taskings.
The Link 22 program was initially conducted collaboratively by seven nations under the aegis of a memorandum of understanding (MOU). The original seven nations were Canada, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom (UK), and the United States (US), with the US acting as the host nation. Spain has replaced the Netherlands as a NILE (NATO Improved Link Eleven) nation.
Link 22 was developed to replace and overcome the known deficiencies of Link 11. Link 22 was also designed to complement and interoperate easily with Link 16. It was designed with automated and simple management to ensure that it is easier to manage than both Link 11 and Link 16. This program is called "NATO Improved Link Eleven", which is abbreviated to "NILE". The tactical data link provided by the NILE system has been officially designated Link 22.
History
During the late 1980s, NATO, agreeing on the need to improve the performance of Link 11, produced a mission need statement that became the basis for the establishment of the NATO Improved Link Eleven (NILE) Program. This program specified a new tactical message standard in the NATO standardization agreement (STANAG) 5522 to enhance data exchange and provide a new layered communications architecture. This new data link was designated Link 22 by NATO.
The NILE program is funded and collaboratively conducted by seven nations under the aegis of a memorandum of understanding (MOU). A steering committee controls the complete NILE program. The program is managed by the Project Management Office (PMO), located at the Space and Naval Warfare Command (SPAWAR)'s Program Management Warfare (PMW) 150 in San Diego, California. The PMO consists of a representative from each participating nation and a Project Manager from the US.
The Link 22 goals are
to replace Link 11, thereby removing the inherent limitations of Link 11;
to improve Allied interoperability;
to complement Link 16; and
to enhance the commanders' war fighting capability.
From 2007 to 2009 NILE nation Germany contracted German industry to enhance performance and tactical capabilities for Link 22 HF fixed frequency (FF) operation. Three goals were achieved:
increased robustness for the standardized data rates (defined by MSN 1-6)
gapless communication range extended up to 1000 NM
increased throughput by additional high-speed waveforms
In 2012 Germany submitted the new HF-FF technology to NATO and NILE program, for ratification and adoption respectively. In 2015 the NILE program approved t
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevin%20Rosen%20Funds
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Sevin Rosen Funds (SRF) is a Texas-based venture capital firm credited with pioneering the personal computing revolution in the 1980s and also venture investing in Dallas. It was established in 1981 by L. J. Sevin, a former Texas Instruments engineer, and Ben Rosen, and was one of the leading investors on the US West Coast.
Investments
Before starting Sevin Rosen, Ben Rosen had been a technology analyst at Morgan Stanley, whose conflict of interest rules prevented him from investing in the companies he was evangelizing, such as Apple. After leaving Morgan Stanley, he started investing; most successfully a $20,000 stake in VisiCorp, the inventor of the spreadsheet. He later sold his VisiCorp stock for $800,000, eight months after Sevin Rosen invested in Lotus, the competitor that destroyed VisiCalc. In 1980, he teamed up with L. J. Sevin, who had co-founded the Mostek semiconductor company and sold it for $345 million. First, the pair attempted to start a new semiconductor company, and when that didn’t work out, they raised $25 million for SRF’s first two venture funds with help from Thomas Unterberg. Those first two funds generated annual compounded return on investment of 75% for the few years, thanks primarily to early investments in Compaq and Lotus. Jon Bayless joined the firm in 1981, and several of the subsequent funds included his name.
Since 1995, the firm invested in 542 ventures and created billions of dollars for its investors. Investments include Alder Biopharmaceuticals, Capstone Turbine, Ciena, Citrix Systems, Compaq, Cyrix, Cytokinetics, Electronic Arts, NetLogic Microsystems, Silicon Graphics, MetaCarta, Splunk, Cypress Semiconductor, Ciena Corporation, Vitesse Semiconductor, Slacker, Wayport, XenSource, YouSendIt.
As of April 2003, the firm had raised eight funds and reported having nine general partners, thirty-five employees, offices in Dallas and Palo Alto, and $1.6 billion under management with more than $1 billion invested. The firm continued to focus on semiconductors, software, and telecommunications and mentioned Westbridge Technology, NetLogic Microsystems, and Cicada Semiconductor as examples. Steve Domenik said, ”we look for [technologies] that are a little harder," take longer to start up, and have less clear focus. "We take a lot of technical risk," Domenik said, and prefer to be the first investors in a company.
Controversy: Funds IX & X
SRF raised $305 million in its Fund IX in 2004. At the time of raising Fund IX, John Jaggers said, “We believe that limiting investment in venture capital over the next few years, both at the portfolio company level and at the fund level, will be critical to generating superior returns for the venture industry. Our firm is very concerned that there continues to be far too much capital in the venture industry...” By October 2006, it had invested less than 20% of Fund IX, and took the unprecedented step of returning more than $200 million in commitments to the Fund X that it h
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CST%20Thor
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The CST Thor series of personal computers are Sinclair QL-compatible systems designed and produced by Cambridge Systems Technology during the late 1980s.
Thor PC
The original Thor PC (also called Thor 1, sometimes also retrospectively referred to as the Thor 8), was launched in 1986, as a logical progression of CST's QL peripheral business after production of the Sinclair QL was halted.
The remaining stock of QL parts were purchased from Sinclair, and the standard QL motherboard (including a 7.5 MHz Motorola 68008 CPU and 128 KiB of RAM) was augmented with a CST-designed expansion board providing 512 KiB of additional RAM, extra ROMs, a non-volatile real-time clock, floppy disk, SCSI, Centronics parallel, IBM PC/AT-style keyboard and mouse interfaces enclosed in a low-profile metal desktop case with a built-in power supply.
Mass storage options consisted of one (Thor 1F) or two (Thor 2F) 3.5-inch floppy drives or one floppy drive and one 20 MB Rodime RO652 SCSI hard disk (Thor 2WF). The ROMs contained Eidersoft's ICE GUI and some QDOS extensions. Also, supplied with the Thor was a specially-commissioned version of the Psion Xchange application software suite (an enhanced edition of the Psion applications bundled with the QL).
Prices for the Thor PC ranged from £599 to £1399, excluding monitor, mouse and VAT. An upgrade service for existing QLs was also available.
Thor 20/21
The Thor 20 and Thor 21 are variants of the Thor PC, launched in April 1987 and fitted with a 68020 processor on a daughterboard in place of the original CPU. The new processor runs at 12.5 MHz, a 16.67 MHz option also being offered at higher cost.
The Thor 21 is also fitted with the 68881 floating-point co-processor, running at the same speed as the CPU. Performance is better than the Thor 1, but handicapped by the use of 8-bit memory in the base system.
The Thor 20 and 21 were shipped with a 68020 macro assembler and linker, plus Motorola processor documentation. They were intended as a vehicle for the development of software for a projected enhanced 68020-based model, later shelved.
The Thor 20 and 21 were expensive (a 12.5 MHz Thor 21 costing around twice as much as a Thor 1F) and were mainly placed on loan to the software development community.
Thor XVI
The Thor XVI was developed in collaboration with the Danish company DanSoft and was announced at the Personal Computer World Show in September 1987.
Unlike the previous models, the Thor XVI's hardware is of a completely new design, based around an 8 MHz 68000 processor plus a 2 MHz 68B02 co-processor for audio and I/O processing. 512 KiB of RAM is included as standard (expandable to 2 MiB, later 6.5 MiB). The video hardware provides QL-compatible video modes as well as a new 16-colour mode.
Floppy disk, SCSI, Centronics, dual S5/8 serial ports, PC/AT keyboard, mouse, QL expansion bus and QLAN network interfaces are provided. Mass storage options are similar to the previous Thors, plus 40 MB hard disk and
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-sectional%20data
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In statistics and econometrics, cross-sectional data is a type of data collected by observing many subjects (such as individuals, firms, countries, or regions) at a single point or period of time. Analysis of cross-sectional data usually consists of comparing the differences among selected subjects, typically with no regard to differences in time.
For example, if we want to measure current obesity levels in a population, we could draw a sample of 1,000 people randomly from that population (also known as a cross section of that population), measure their weight and height, and calculate what percentage of that sample is categorized as obese. This cross-sectional sample provides us with a snapshot of that population, at that one point in time. Note that we do not know based on one cross-sectional sample if obesity is increasing or decreasing; we can only describe the current proportion.
Cross-sectional data differs from time series data, in which the same small-scale or aggregate entity is observed at various points in time. Another type of data, panel data (or longitudinal data), combines both cross-sectional and time series data aspects and looks at how the subjects (firms, individuals, etc.) change over a time series. Panel data deals with the observations on the same subjects in different times.
Panel analysis uses panel data to examine changes in variables over time and its differences in variables between selected subjects.
Variants include pooled cross-sectional data, which deals with the observations on the same subjects in different times.
In a rolling cross-section, both the presence of an individual in the sample and the time at which the individual is included in the sample are determined randomly. For example, a political poll may decide to interview 1000 individuals. It first selects these individuals randomly from the entire population. It then assigns a random date to each individual. This is the random date that the individual will be interviewed, and thus included in the survey.
Cross-sectional data can be used in cross-sectional regression, which is regression analysis of cross-sectional data. For example, the consumption expenditures of various individuals in a fixed month could be regressed on their incomes, accumulated wealth levels, and their various demographic features to find out how differences in those features lead to differences in consumers’ behavior.
References
Further reading
Cross-sectional analysis
Statistical data types
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University%20of%20Electro-Communications
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The is a national university in the city of Chōfu, Tokyo, Japan.
It specialises in the disciplines of computer science, the physical sciences, engineering and technology. It was founded in 1918 as the Technical Institute for Wireless-Communications.
History
The University of Electro-communications was founded in the Azabu district, Tokyo city as the Technical Institute for Wireless-Communications by Wireless Association in 1918. The Technical Institute for Wireless-Communications was transferred to the Ministry of Communications in 1942 and renamed to the Central Technical Institute for Wireless-Communications in 1945. Following to the transfer from the Ministry of Communications to the Ministry of Education in 1948, the University of Electro-communications was established as a national university in 1949. The campus was moved to the city of Chōfu, Tokyo in 1957. The university has been run by the National University Corporation since 2004.
School symbol
The school symbol was set in 1949. The design shows a Lissajous figure of the frequency ratio of 5 to 6 with Kanji character "学" which means "University". The frequency ratio of 5 to 6 means the commercial power frequency of 50 Hz (eastern Japan) and 60 Hz (western Japan), and indicates Japan-wide harmonization. The meaning of school symbol is common with that of school name which is "to establish an university which is open to all over Japan, by call it by a name without any geographical name".
Rankings
Global
The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2018 ranks UEC in the bracket of the 801-1000 best universities in the world.
Organisation
Faculties
Faculty of Electro-Communications (until 2010)
Information and Communication Engineering
Computer Science
Electronic Engineering
Applied Physics and Chemistry
Mechanical Engineering and Intelligent Systems
Systems Engineering
Human Communications
Faculty of Informatics and Engineering (since 2010)
Informatics
Communication Engineering and Informatics
Mechanical Engineering and Intelligent Systems
Engineering Science
Fundamental Programs for Advanced Engineering
Graduate schools
Graduate School of Electro-Communications (Until 2010)
Information and Communication Engineering
Computer Science
Electronic Engineering
Applied Physics and Chemistry
Mechanical Engineering and Intelligent Systems
Systems Engineering
Human Communication
Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering (Since 2010)
Informatics
Communication Engineering and Informatics
Mechanical Engineering and Intelligent Systems
Engineering Science
Graduate School of Information Systems
Human Media Systems
Social Intelligence and Informatics
Information Network Systems
Information on System Fundamentals
Centers for Education and Research
Institute for Laser Science
Advanced Wireless Communication Research Center(AWCC)
Center for Space Science and Radio Engineering (SSRE)
Center for Frontier Science and Engineering
Center for Photonic Innovation
Research Center for Ubiquito
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Cramer%20%28announcer%29
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John Cramer (known on camera as Cramer; born July 3, 1955) is an American television announcer.
Cramer did voiceover work for Game Show Network in 1996 and 1997. He announced on The Newlywed Game and The Dating Game from 1997 to 1999. In 2000, he announced on the short-lived 2000 revival of the game show Twenty One. From 2001 to 2002, he announced on the NBC version of Weakest Link. From 2002 to 2004, he was the announcer on the revival of Pyramid hosted by Donny Osmond. Cramer also did voiceovers for fake promos on Jimmy Kimmel Live!, and was the announcer for Fox News's The Half Hour News Hour. In 2011, he was one of the guest announcers for Wheel of Fortune and is a voiceover for We the People With Gloria Allred, along with the continuity and general announcing duties for nearly all the productions of Byron Allen's Entertainment Studios.
He also announced the 1992 CBS game show The Hollywood Game as well as Big Deal for Fox and a Food Network show called Trivia Unwrapped. John Cramer is also the announcer for Funny You Should Ask. He was also the announcer for the third season of Nickelodeon's game show BrainSurge, entitled Family Brainsurge and is also the announcer for the MTV Movie Awards and the MTV Video Music Awards.
References
External links
1955 births
Game show announcers
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avanade
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Avanade () is a global professional services company providing IT consulting and services focused on the Microsoft platform with artificial intelligence, business analytics, cloud, application services, digital transformation, modern workplace, security services, technology and managed services offerings. Headquartered in Seattle, the company has 50,000 employees in 26 countries. Avanade serves 34% of the Fortune 500 and 46% of the Fortune Global 500.
History
Avanade was formed on April 4, 2000, as a joint venture between Accenture (formerly Andersen Consulting) and Microsoft, and today is majority-owned by Accenture. The company maintains the Accenture-Microsoft alliance to combine Accenture's consulting with Microsoft's scalable cloud and mobile technologies. The name Avanade is a portmanteau between avenue and promenade.
On June 6, 2019, Avanade's board of directors appointed Pamela Maynard as CEO beginning on September 1, 2019.
On 21 July 2020, Avanade confirmed it has entered the Microsoft Intelligent Security Association (MISA), an alliance of autonomous tech suppliers and defense service providers who have partnered with Microsoft Defense to help protect themselves against an environment of increasing cybersecurity threats.
In April 2022, Avanade announced the building of its first US-based engineering center in Tampa, Florida, adding around 500 new entry- and senior-level engineering, data and software development jobs over the next three years.
Acquisitions
Corporate affairs
Structure and operations
Avanade operates its business in more than 80 locations across more than 25 countries North America, Europe, Asia, South America, the Middle East and the Pacific.
In September 2021, Avanade entered the UAE market with the opening of offices in Abu Dhabi and Dubai. Adriano Neves, Avanade's Sales, Industry and Client Relationships Lead in Brazil, has been appointed to lead the company's newest entity and will relocate from São Paulo to Dubai.
India (IDC), China (CDC) and the Philippines (PDC) supply Avanade with offshore consultants housed in parent company Accenture's delivery centers. Overall, these offshore workers constitute over 40% of Avanade's total workforce. Avanade relies heavily on offshore workers in India, China and other developing countries to help their customers reduce costs.
Leadership
Avanade is managed by a leadership team of 17 members (2022). Pamela Maynard has served as CEO since September 2019. Mitch Hill, a former senior partner at Andersen Consulting, was the founding CEO until August 31, 2008. Adam Warby held the position from September 1, 2008, to August 31, 2019.
Avanade's board of directors has five members (2022). The chairman of the board is Emma McGuigan.
Finances
Avanade began filing financial reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission in 2006, a requirement for publicly traded companies. Alternatively, filings must be made when the number of security holders exceeded 500, which at the
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IpTables%20Rope
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Rope is a programming language that allows developers to write extensions to the Iptables/Netfilter components of Linux using a simple scripting language based on Reverse Polish notation.
It is a scriptable Iptables match module, used to identify whether IP packets passed to it match a particular set of criteria or not. Rope started life as a project to make the "string" match module of Iptables stronger and evolved fairly quickly into an open-ended scriptable packet matching mechanism.
External links
Rope project home page
Scripting languages
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alain%20Fournier
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Alain Fournier (1943–2000) was a computer graphics researcher.
Biography
Alain Fournier was born on November 5, 1943, in Lyon, France. He was married twice, first to Beverly Bickle (married 1968, divorced 1984) and later to Adrienne Drobnies, with whom he had one daughter, Ariel.
Fournier's early training was in chemistry, culminating in a B.Sc. from INSA, France, in 1965. After emigrating from France to Montreal, Quebec, Canada in the 1970s, he co-wrote a textbook on chemistry, and taught the subject in Quebec. His career in computer graphics spanned only about 20 years. In 1980 he received a Ph.D. in computer science from the University of Texas at Dallas under the supervision of Zvi Meir Kedem, and with Donald Fussell and Loren Carpenter reported the results of his Ph.D. work on stochastic modelling in a seminal paper in 1980. He then went on to an outstanding academic career, first at the University of Toronto as part of the Dynamic Graphics Project and subsequently at the University of British Columbia. He has contributed to ACM Transactions on Graphics as an author, as co-guest editor of a special issue in 1987, and, from 1990 to 1992, as an associate editor.
Fournier made contributions to computer graphics dealing with modelling of natural phenomena. He advocated a methodology that required validation against real visual phenomena. He once called his approach impressionistic graphics and it both revolutionized the field and drove it forward. An example is his beautiful paper (with Bill Reeves) on the depiction of ocean waves. His subsequent work dealt with illumination models, light transport, rendering, and sampling and filtering.
Fournier died of lymphoma in the early hours of August 14, 2000, in Vancouver.
The SIGGRAPH 2001 Proceedings were dedicated to Fournier.
The first Alain Fournier Award for the best Canadian doctoral dissertation in computer graphics was awarded to Michael P. Neff on June 8, 2006, at the Graphics Interface 2006 conference in Quebec City.
Publications
Fournier published 32 scholarly papers about computer graphics.
Bibliography for Alain Fournier
Photo
http://www.cs.ubc.ca/nest/imager/imager-web/Dedications/Alain/AlainExpress.gif
1943 births
2000 deaths
Scientists from Lyon
Computer graphics professionals
Computer graphics researchers
French computer scientists
Canadian computer scientists
Academic staff of the University of Toronto
University of Texas at Dallas alumni
French emigrants to Canada
Academic staff of the University of British Columbia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collection%20of%20Computer%20Science%20Bibliographies
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The Collection of Computer Science Bibliographies (1993–2023) was one of the oldest (if not the oldest) bibliography collections freely accessible on the Internet. As of July 2023 it ceased operations. It is a collection of bibliographies of scientific literature in computer science and (computational) mathematics from various sources, covering most aspects of computer science. The bibliographies are updated weekly from their original locations.
As of 2009 the collection contains more than 2.8 million unique references (mostly to journal articles, conference papers and technical reports), clustered in about 1700 bibliographies, and consists of more than 4.4 Gb (950 Mb gzipped) of BibTeX entries. More than 600,000 references contain cross-references to citing or cited publications.
More than 1 million references contain URLs to online versions of the papers. Abstracts are available for more than 1 million entries. There are more than 2,000 links to other sites carrying bibliographic information.
Duplicates and links
As the Collection of Computer Science Bibliographies consists of many subcollections there is a substantial overlap (roughly 1/3). At the end of 2008 there were more than 4.2 million records which represent about 2.8 million unique (in terms of normalized title and authors' last names) bibliographic entries.
The number of duplicates may be seen as an advantage, because there is a greater chance for finding a freely available full text PDF of a searched publication. Publications are clustered by title and last names of authors, so it is possible to find an extended version (e.g. Technical Report or Thesis) of an article.
There are also generated links to Google Scholar and IEEE Xplore in cases where no full text link was available directly. Almost every bibliographic query may be served in RSS format.
Major subcollections
arXiv
Bibliography Network Project
CiteSeerX
DBLP
LEABib
Networked Computer Science Technical Reference Library
History
The collection was started in 1993 by Alf-Christian Achilles with a simple email-based interface and limited number of entries. One year later the first web interface has been made available. Since then the Collection was maintained by Achilles in his spare time. At the end of 2002 the maintenance has been handed over to Paul Ortyl. As of August 2023, the service has been discontinued, the URL (domain name) has been dropped by KIT and the user interest in the service was vanishingly small.
References
External links
http://liinwww.ira.uka.de/bibliography/ Official site URL, discontinued since August 2023
Bibliographic databases in computer science
TeX
BibTeX
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powabyke
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Powabyke is a British importer of electric bicycles. Founded in 1999, the company was selling over 1,500 bikes per year by 2005 through a network of around 300 dealers including bike shops and motor accessory retailers. It has also branched out into golf carts.
Powabyke bikes and trikes are driven by a hub-mounted electric motor in the front or rear wheel, powered by a removable rechargeable battery. The environmental impact of the battery is minimised through offering a refurbishment scheme.
Powabyke supports Park & Charge, who are launching an initiative to offer "park and charge" facilities for electric vehicles across the UK.
In August 2013 Powabyke was taken over by long term employees Frank Curran and Keith Palmer. They straight away set about improving the specifications of the Xbykes by increasing the battery capacity to a 10amp pack as well as tidying up and improving the electrics which brought about the introduction of the MK3 range of XBykes complete with brushless motor. Powabyke added more products to its range with the conv-e conversion kit (allowing a regular push bike to be converted to electric), as well as the reintroduction of the newly updated Powatryke with brushless motor and Lithium battery as standard. In September 2014 Powabyke launched the Xplorer, a full suspension, 26" wheel folding electric mountain bike.
References
External links
Park & Charge
Powabyke
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik%20Bongcam-Rudloff
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Erik Bongcam-Rudloff is a Chilean-born Swedish biologist and computer scientist. He received his doctorate in medical sciences from Uppsala University in 1994. He is Professor of Bioinformatics and the head of SLU-Global Bioinformatics Centre at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. His main research deals with development of bioinformatics solutions for the Life Sciences community.
He was the chairman of EMBnet, (2003–2010) a science-based group of collaborating bioinformatics nodes throughout Europe, and a number of nodes outside Europe. He is also the director of SLU-Global Bioinformatics Centre which created eBiotools, eBioX and eBioKit.
Erik Bongcam-Rudloff is also executive board member of:
ISCB, The International Society for Computational Biology (ISCB)
EMBRACE, European Model for Bioinformatics Research and Community Education
EuroKup, European Kidney and Urine Proteomics, an EU COST-action.
UPPMAX, Uppsala Multidisciplinary Center for Advanced Computational Science. UPPMAX is a Swedish regional center for high performance computing. UPPMAX is part of SweGrid.
MedBioInfo, Swedish National Research School in Medical Bioinformatics.
GOBLET, The Global Organisation for Bioinformatics Learning, Education and Training.
Coordinator of:
B3Africa, "Bridging Biobanking and Biomedical Research across Europe and Africa". B3Africa aims to implement a cooperation platform and technical informatics framework for biobank integration between Africa and Europe.
SeqAhead, Chairman of the European COST Action: Next Generation Sequencing Data Analysis Network
ALLBIO, Broadening the Bioinformatics Infrastructure to unicellular, animal, and plant science. ALLBIO is a FP7 project, KBBE.2011.3.6-02: Supporting the development of Bioinformatics Infrastructures for the effective exploitation of genomic data: Beyond health applications.
In 1992 he survived attempted murder at the hands of John Ausonius.
During his undergraduate years in Uppsala Erik was an accomplished photographer documenting contemporary student life at the university.
References
External links
B3Africa, Horizon2020 project
SGBC: SLU-Global Bioinformatics Centre
SeqAhead: Next Generation Sequencing Data Analysis Network
ALLBIO project
COST CHARME
EMBRACE
eBioKit: Bioinformatics Education Platform
EMBnet
BIBE 2008, 8th IEEE International Conference on BioInformatics and BioEngineering
Living people
Swedish biologists
Chilean biologists
Year of birth missing (living people)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Track%20bed
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The track bed or trackbed is the groundwork onto which a railway track is laid. Trackbeds of disused railways are sometimes used for recreational paths or new light rail links.
According to Network Rail, the trackbed is the layers of ballast and sub-ballast above a prepared subgrade/formation (see diagram). It is designed primarily to reduce the stress on the subgrade.
Other definitions include the surface of the ballast on which the track is laid, the area left after a track has been dismantled and the ballast removed or the track formation beneath the ballast and above the natural ground.
The trackbed can significantly influence the performance of the track, especially ride quality of passenger services.
See also
Embankment (transportation)
Roadbed
Subgrade
References
Fills (earthworks)
Permanent way
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Are%20You%20Being%20Served%3F%20%28Australian%20TV%20series%29
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Are You Being Served? is an Australian sitcom that is based on the British sitcom of the same name; it was produced by Network Ten. A total of 16 episodes were produced in two series, which aired in 1980 and 1981. The draw-card was the presence of actor John Inman reprising his role of Mr. Humphries from the original series. The other characters were all directly based on the regular characters in the show's original British version, but were all given new names. Hence there were no other returning original actors.
In comparison to the original series, Inman described this version of the series as "tighter - there's less padding."
For the opening theme, Inman himself performed vocals.
Premise
Audio samples of Are You Being Served? (media help)
Mr. Humphries (Inman) is sent to Australia by Mr. Grace to work temporarily for his Australian cousin Mr. Bone at Bone Brothers. Apart from the new setting and Australian rather than British characters, the characters and situation are almost identical to that of the original series, as are the set design and layout and even the costuming (down to the senior sales woman's ever-changing hair colours). Menswear and ladies apparel share a floor of a large city department store and the departments come into regular conflict. The staff on the floor are the pompous floor-walker Captain Wagstaff (Reg Gillam), crusty senior salesman Mr. Mankowitz (Anthony Bazell), randy sales junior Mr. Randel (Shane Bourne), strident older sales woman Mrs. Crawford (June Bronhill) and attractive but brassy and common younger sales woman Miss Buxton (Judith Woodroffe). Basil Clarke portrays the store's owner Mr. Bone, Reg Evans is the obnoxious cleaner Mr. Cocker, Kerry Daniel plays the nurse, and Tracey Kelly is Bone's attractive secretary.
Cast
John Inman as Mr. Humphries
June Bronhill as Mrs. Crawford
Reg Gillam as Captain Wagstaff
Judith Woodroffe as Miss Buxton
Christine Amor as Miss Nicholls
Tony Bazell as Mr. Mankowitz
Shane Bourne as Mr. Randel
Peter Collingwood as Mr. Dunkley
Ken Fraser as Mr. Fenwick
Basil Clarke as Young Mr. Bone
Reg Evans as Mr. Cocker
Kerry Daniel as Young Mr. Bone's Nurse
Tracey Kelly as Young Mr. Bone's Secretary
Bernadette Gibson as the Canteen Manageress
Both Judith Woodroffe (Miss Buxton) and Peter Collingwood (Mr. Dunkley) were unavailable for series two so they were replaced with Miss Nicholls (Christine Amor) and Mr. Fenwick (Ken Fraser) respectively.
Character similarities with the original series
Mrs. Crawford = Mrs. Slocombe
Captain Wagstaff = Captain Peacock
Miss Buxton/Miss Nicholls = Miss Brahms
Mr. Mankowitz = Mr. Grainger (with some characteristics of Mr. Goldberg)
Mr. Randel = Mr. Lucas/Mr. Spooner
Mr. Dunkley/Mr. Fenwick = Mr. Rumbold
Young Mr. Bone = Young Mr. Grace
Production notes
The first series was produced at the ATV-0 studios in Melbourne in the early months of 1980.
It was the first television role for opera singer June Bronhill. (Her first straigh
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category%202%20cable
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Category 2 cable, also known as Cat 2, is a grade of unshielded twisted pair cabling designed for telephone and data communications. The maximum frequency suitable for transmission over Cat 2 cable is 4 MHz, and the maximum bandwidth is 4 Mbit/s. Cat 2 cable contains 4 pairs of wires, or 8 wires total.
Official TIA/EIA-568 standards have only been established for cables of Category 3 ratings or above. Though not an official category standard established by TIA/EIA, Category 2 has become the de facto name given to Level 2 cables originally defined by Anixter International, the distributor.
Anixter Level 2 cable was frequently used on ARCnet and 4 Mbit/s Token Ring networks, it is also used in telephone networks but it is no longer commonly used.
References
Networking hardware
Signal cables
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xedit
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Xedit or XEDIT may refer to:
X11 Xedit, a text editor for the X Window System on Linux and UNIX
XEDIT, a visual text editor for the VM/CMS operating system
Xedit, a command-line based text editor for CDC computers running the NOS operating system
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pragma%20once
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In the C and C++ programming languages, #pragma once is a non-standard but widely supported preprocessor directive designed to cause the current source file to be included only once in a single compilation. Thus, #pragma once serves the same purpose as include guards, but with several advantages, including less code, avoidance of name clashes, and sometimes improvement in compilation speed. On the other hand, #pragma once is not necessarily available in all compilers and its implementation is tricky and might not always be reliable.
Example
File "grandparent.h"
#pragma once
struct foo
{
int member;
};
File "parent.h"
#include "grandparent.h"
File "child.c"
#include "grandparent.h"
#include "parent.h"
In this example, the inclusion of grandparent.h in both parent.h and child.c would ordinarily cause a compilation error, because a struct with a given name can only be defined a single time in a given compilation. The #pragma once directive serves to avoid this by ignoring subsequent inclusions of grandparent.h.
Advantages
Using #pragma once allows the C preprocessor to include a header file when it is needed and to ignore an #include directive otherwise. This has the effect of altering the behavior of the C preprocessor itself, and allows programmers to express file dependencies in a simple fashion, obviating the need for manual management.
The most common alternative to #pragma once is to use #define to set an #include guard macro, the name of which is picked by the programmer to be unique to that file. For example,
#ifndef GRANDPARENT_H
#define GRANDPARENT_H
... contents of grandparent.h
#endif /* !GRANDPARENT_H */
This approach minimally ensures that the contents of the include file are not seen more than once. This is more verbose, requires greater manual intervention, and is prone to programmer error as there are no mechanisms available to the compiler for prevention of accidental use of the same macro name in more than one file, which would result in only one of the files being included. Such errors are unlikely to remain undetected but can complicate the interpretation of a compiler error report. Since the pre-processor itself is responsible for handling #pragma once, the programmer cannot make errors which cause name clashes.
In the absence of #include guards around #include directives, the use of #pragma once will improve compilation speed for some compilers since it is a higher-level mechanism; the compiler itself can compare filenames or inodes without having to invoke the C preprocessor to scan the header for #ifndef and #endif. Yet, since include guards appear very often and the overhead of opening files is significant, it is common for compilers to optimize the handling of include guards, making them as fast as #pragma once.
Caveats
Identifying the same file on a file system is not a trivial task. Symbolic links and especially hard links may cause the same file to be found under different names in different directories. Com
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics%20hardware
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Graphics hardware is computer hardware that generates computer graphics and allows them to be shown on a display, usually using a graphics card (video card) in combination with a device driver to create the images on the screen.
Types
Graphics cards
The most important piece of graphics hardware is the graphics card, which is the piece of equipment that renders out all images and sends them to a display. There are two types of graphics cards: integrated and dedicated.
An integrated graphics card, usually by Intel to use in their computers, is bound to the motherboard and shares RAM(Random Access Memory) with the CPU, reducing the total amount of RAM available. This is undesirable for running programs and applications that use a large amount of video memory.
A dedicated graphics card has its own RAM and Processor for generating its images, and does not slow down the computer. Dedicated graphics cards also have higher performance than integrated graphics cards. It is possible to have both dedicated and integrated graphics, however once a dedicated graphics card is installed, the integrated card will no longer function until the dedicated card is removed.
Parts of a graphics card
The GPU, or graphics processing unit, is the unit that allows the graphics card to function. It performs a large amount of the work given to the card. The majority of video playback on a computer is controlled by the GPU. Once again, a GPU can be either integrated or dedicated.
Video Memory is built-in RAM on the graphics card, which provides it with its own memory, allowing it to run smoothly without taking resources intended for general use by the rest of the computer. The term "Video" here is an informal designation and is not intended in a narrow sense. In particular, it does not imply exclusively video data. The data in this form of memory comprises all manner of graphical data including those for still images, icons, fonts, and generally anything that is displayed on the screen. In Integrated graphics cards, which lack this built-in memory, the main memory available for general computation is used instead, which means less memory for other functions of the system.
Display drivers
A display driver is a piece of software which allows your graphics hardware to communicate with your operating system. Drivers in general allow your computer to utilize parts of itself, and without them, the machine would not function. This is because usually a graphics device communicates in its own language, which is more sophisticated, and a computer communicates in its own language, which largely deals with general commands. Therefore, a driver is required to translate between the two, and convert general commands into specific commands, and vice versa, so that each of the devices can understand the instructions and results.
Installation
Dedicated graphics cards are not bound to the motherboard, and therefore most are removable, replaceable, or upgradable. They are installed
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janet%20Parshall
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Janet Parshall (born 1950) is an American nationally syndicated radio talk show host known for the Christian program In the Market with Janet Parshall, which is broadcast on the Moody Radio network on over 700 stations. She was also the host for the 2004 documentary, George W. Bush: Faith in the White House. Parshall has authored several books.
Parshall is a graduate of Carroll College (now Carroll University), in Waukesha, Wisconsin. She serves on the board of directors and served on the executive committee of the National Religious Broadcasters.
Biography
Janet Parshall, who is married to the Christian lawyer and best-selling fiction writer Craig Parshall, is the daughter of Vince DiFrancesca, an American football player and coach, and of Thora Margaret Paul.
Writings
Parshall, Janet. Buyer Beware: Finding Truth in the Marketplace of Ideas. Moody Publishers, 2012.
Parshall, Janet and Sarah Parshall Perry. When the Fairy Dust Settles: A Mother and Her Daughter Discuss What Really Matters. New York: Warner Faith, 2004.
Parshall, Craig and Janet Parshall. Traveling a Pilgrim's Path: Preparing Your Child to Navigate the Journey of Faith. Wheaton, Ill: Tyndale House Publishers, 2003.
Parshall, Craig and Janet Parshall. The Light in the City: Why Christians Must Advance and Not Retreat. Thomas Nelson, Harper Collins Christian Publishing, 2000, ASIN: B003RWS622
Parshall, Janet, and Craig Parshall. Tough Faith. Eugene, Or: Harvest House Publishers, 1999.
References
External links
In The Market With Janet Parshall, Moody Radio
1950 births
American talk radio hosts
American television talk show hosts
Carroll University alumni
Christians from Wisconsin
Christians from Virginia
Living people
American women radio hosts
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RER%20A
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RER A is one of the five lines in the Réseau Express Régional (English: Regional Express Network), a hybrid commuter rail and rapid transit system serving Paris, France and its suburbs. The line crosses the region from east to west, with all trains serving a group of stations in central Paris, before branching out towards the ends of the line.
The initial portion of the line was built in stages between December 1969 and December 1977 by connecting two existing suburban commuter rail lines with a new tunnel under Paris: the line between Vincennes and Boissy-Saint-Léger in the east (which formerly terminated at the now-closed Gare de la Bastille), and the line between Saint-Germain-en-Laye and Nanterre line in the west (which formerly used a surface alignment to Paris Saint-Lazare which is still in use as Transilien L). The viaduct between Vincennes and the former Gare de la Bastille terminus was redeveloped into the Promenade plantée elevated park in 1993.
Since opening, three additional branches have been added: one in the east serving Marne-la-Vallée and Disneyland Paris and two to the west serving Poissy and Cergy.
The RER A has had a significant social impact on Paris and the surrounding region by speeding up trips across central Paris, by making far fewer stops than the Paris Métro and by bringing far-flung suburbs within easy reach of the city centre. The line has far exceeded all traffic expectations, currently serving over 1.2 million passengers per day, on about 300 million journeys per year. It is the busiest metro line in Europe.
Popular success and responses
The line has far exceeded all traffic expectations, currently serving over 1.2 million passengers per day, on about 300 million journeys per year. That makes the RER A the busiest single rail line outside of East Asia. Ever-increasing traffic volume and the need to ward off imminent saturation have been major factors in RATP and SNCF's planning since the inauguration of the line.
Several major capital investments have been made to relieve overcrowding on the line:
The line's traditional signalling block system, which allowed only one train to occupy a "block" of track, was replaced in September 1989 with a dynamic traffic control system. The Système d'aide à la conduite, à l'exploitation et à la maintenance or SACEM (English: Driver Assistance, Operation, and Maintenance System) enables extremely short spacing between trains, increasing capacity on the line. The SACEM system is scheduled to be replaced in the mid- to late-2020s with an even more advanced communications-based train control system.
Paris Métro Line 14, which opened 15 October 1998, was built on a route that would relieve congestion on the segment of RER A that passes through central Paris.
RER E, which opened 14 July 1999, was built on a route that would also serve the eastern suburbs of Paris and an tunnel is being built under central Paris that will connect the RER E to La Défense. Once the tunnel is comp
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proview%20International%20Holdings
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Proview International Holdings Ltd (; ) was a Hong Kong-based manufacturer of computer monitors and other media devices. The company marketed its products under its own and other brand name through its extensive distribution network over the world. Proview manufactured CRT and LCD monitors, LCD TVs, Plasma TVs and DVD players. Proview had production facilities located in Shenzhen and Wuhan in China, as well as in Brazil and Taiwan.
Proview held the "iPad" trademark for China and sued Apple for US$1.6 billion in damages. Apple countered that the suit was a shakedown to prop up the company due to its significant debt and impending collapse. Apple ended the dispute with a $60 million payment to Proview.
Proview has been delisted from the stock market and the surviving group have not been able to return to business as of May 2023. Their website is no longer online.
References
External links
Companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange
Computer hardware companies
Hong Kong brands
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RER%20B
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RER B is one of the five lines in the Réseau Express Régional (English: Regional Express Network), a hybrid commuter rail and rapid transit system serving Paris, France and its Île-de-France suburbs. The RER B line crosses the region from north to south, with all trains serving a group of stations in central Paris, before branching out towards the ends of the line.
The line opened in stages starting in December 1977 by connecting two existing suburban commuter rail lines with a new tunnel under Paris: the Chemin de Fer du Nord to the north (which formerly terminated at Gare du Nord) and the Ligne de Sceaux to the south (which formerly terminated at Luxembourg station).
The RER B, along with the rest of the RER network, has had a significant social impact on Paris and the surrounding region by speeding up trips across central Paris, by making far fewer stops than the Paris Métro and by bringing far-flung suburbs within easy reach of the city centre. The line has far exceeded all traffic expectations, with passengers taking 165 million journeys per year in 2004. That makes the RER B the second busiest single rail line in Europe (after RER A).
The line faces capacity challenges as a result of sharing a tunnel with RER D trains between Châtelet–Les Halles and Gare du Nord.
Chronology
The RER B opened in stages starting in December 1977 by connecting two existing suburban commuter rail lines with a new tunnel under Paris: the Chemin de Fer du Nord to the north (which formerly terminated at Gare du Nord) and the Ligne de Sceaux to the south (which formerly terminated at Luxembourg station).
June 1846: The Ligne de Sceaux from Massy to Denfert-Rochereau opens to the public.
1862: The Chemin de Fer du Nord line from Paris to Soissons via Mitry-Claye is opened.
1895: The Ligne de Sceaux is extended from Denfert-Rochereau to Luxembourg.
1937: The CMP (the operator of the Paris Métro and predecessor of today's RATP) purchases the Ligne de Sceaux, planning to integrate it into a future regional metro network, now known as the Réseau Express Régional (RER).
May 1976: A new long branch from Aulnay-sous-Bois to Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport (terminal 1) is opened, linking the airport with Paris.
December 1977: The Ligne de Sceaux is extended north from Luxembourg station to Châtelet-les Halles station and becomes the RER B.
December 1981: The RER B is extended north from Châtelet-les Halles station to Gare du Nord connecting with trains to Mitry-Claye and the airport. Because the lines north of Gare du Nord used a different electrification system (1.5 kV DC to the south, 25 kV AC to the north), passengers need to make a cross-platform transfer between trains on the north and south lines.
January 1983: A new station, Parc-des-Expositions, opens between Villepinte and Roissy.
June 1983: Improvements and dual-voltage equipment allow trains to begin travelling thru Gare du Nord and across entire length of the line.
February 1988: A new station, S
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sintran%20III
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Sintran III is a real-time, multitasking, multi-user operating system used with Norsk Data minicomputers from 1974. Unlike its predecessors Sintran I and II, it was written entirely by Norsk Data, in Nord Programming Language (Nord PL, NPL), an intermediate language for Norsk Data computers.
Overview
Sintran was mainly a command-line interface based operating system, though there were several shells which could be installed to control the user environment more strictly, by far the most popular of which was USER-ENVIRONMENT.
One of the clever features was to be able to abbreviate commands and file names between hyphens. For example, typing LIST-FILES would give users several prompts, including for print, paging etc. Users could override this using the following LI-FI ,,n, which would abbreviate the LIST-FILES command prompt and bypass any of the prompts. One could also refer to files in this way, for example, with PED H-W: which would refer to HELLO-WORLD:SYMB if this was the only file having H, any number of characters, a hyphen -, a W, any number of characters, and any file ending.
This saved many keystrokes and would allow users a very nice learning experience, from complete and self-explanatory commands like LIST-ALL-FILES to L-A-F for an advanced user. (The hyphen key on Norwegian keyboards resides where the slash key does on U.S. ones.)
Now that Sintran has mostly disappeared as an operating system, there are few references to it. However a job control or batch processing language was available named JEC, believed to be named Job Execution Controller, this could be used to set up batch jobs to compile COBOL programs, etc.
References
Discontinued operating systems
Norsk Data software
Proprietary operating systems
Real-time operating systems
1974 software
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RER%20C
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RER C is one of the five lines in the Réseau Express Régional (English: Regional Express Network), a hybrid commuter rail and rapid transit system serving Paris and its suburbs. The line crosses the region from north to south. Briefly, between September 1979 and May 1980, the line was known as the Transversal Rive Gauche.
The line runs from the northern termini Pontoise (C1), Versailles-Château-Rive-Gauche (C5) and Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (C7) to the southern termini Massy-Palaiseau (C2), Dourdan-la-Forêt (C4), Saint-Martin d'Étampes (C6) and Versailles-Chantiers (C8).
The RER C line is the second-longest in the network, created from an amalgamation and renovation of several old SNCF commuter lines unlike RER A and B which had newer sections owned and constructed by RATP. Each day, over 531 trains run on the RER C alone, and carries over 540,000 passengers daily, 150,000 passengers more than the entirety of the TGV network.
It is the most popular RER line for tourists, who represent 15% of its passengers, as the line serves many monuments and museums, including the Palace of Versailles. However, the numerous stops, combined with the old and fragile infrastructure the line inherited, makes the Parisian section of the RER C very slow and inefficient. The numerous old curves and steep grades on RER C means trains sometimes need to slow down to to safely pass sections with tight alignments. In contrast, RER A was constructed with more modern standards enabling much higher average operating speeds. These problems are particularly evident on trips to and from the northern suburbs to the city center as taking Transilien lines and transferring to the Métro is much faster than taking the meandering RER C with closely spaced stops. In addition, the RER C's complicated operating schedule created by its complex network of numerous branches means the entire line is vulnerable to delays from even the smallest incidents.
These issues have led to the line being called "Réseau Escargot Régional" (Regional Snail Network) by the local populace.
History
Line C was opened on 26 September 1979, following the construction of a new tunnel connecting the Gare d'Orsay railway terminus (now Musée d'Orsay) with the Invalides, terminus of the Rive Gauche line to Versailles, along the banks of the Seine. Services operated between Versailles-Château-Rive-Gauche – Invalides – Quai-d'Orsay, branching to Massy – Palaiseau, and Juvisy – Dourdan / Saint-Martin d'Étampes. At that point the line was named the Transversal Rive Gauche.
In May 1980, service was extended to Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines – Versailles – Chantiers – Gare des Invalides. The RER C designation was then only introduced from this point onwards, replacing the Transversal Rive Gauche name.
On 25 September 1988, the VMI ("Vallée de Montmorency – Invalides") branch to the north-west opened. This branch mostly used the infrastructure of the "ligne d'Auteuil" (incorporated into the "ligne de petite ceinture" f
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RER%20D
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RER D is one of the five lines in the (English: Regional Express Network), a hybrid commuter rail and rapid transit system serving Paris and its suburbs. The line crosses the region from north to south, with all trains serving a group of stations in central Paris, before branching out towards the ends of the line.
The line connects Creil in the north to Melun and Malesherbes in the south, passing through the heart of Paris. Line D also links Gare du Nord with Gare de Lyon via Châtelet-Les Halles.
Opened in stages from 1987 to 1996, it is the longest RER line by distance, and the busiest SNCF line in France, carrying up to 615,000 passengers and operating 466 trains each working day.
Almost all of the line is located in the Île-de-France region, that is, within the jurisdiction of the Île-de-France Mobilités, but some of the branch lines at the north and south of the line are outside the region.
Due to a high rate of incidents, social issues and poor on time performance, the line is sometimes colloquially known as the ('trash line').
Chronology
27 September 1987: Inauguration of Line D. Operated Villiers-le-Bel – Gare du Nord – Châtelet-Les Halles, , using the Line B Tunnel to Châtelet–Les Halles
1988: Extension north towards Goussainville.
September 1990: Extension north towards Orry-la-Ville.
September 1995: Inauguration of "Interconnexion Sud-Est". The line is extended from Châtelet to Melun and La Ferté-Alais then Malesherbes (the following year, 1996) in the south of Paris.
25 January 1998: New station, Stade de France – Saint-Denis, opened. Located between Gare du Nord and St-Denis.
29 January 2007: First renovated Z 20500 stock in service.
19 March 2008: Start of the "D Maintenant" programme by Guillaume Pepy, the president of SNCF.
14 December 2008: Reduced "Interconnexion Nord-Sud" service, with 8 interconnected trains per hour.
Late 2009: End of the "D Maintenant" programme.
7 December 2011: Start of studies for the doubling of the Châtelet-Gare du Nord tunnel.
15 December 2013: New station, Créteil-Pompadour, opened and replaced Villeneuve-Prairie.
History
Conception
Initially, the "métro régional", the ancestor to the RER, was conceived of three lines, one going from east to west (the future RER A), a new line built from existing lines (the future RER C), the extension of the Ligne de Sceaux and with its interconnection with an SNCF line, along with a supplementary interconnected north–south (the future RER D). The operation of renovating "les Halles" gave the occasion to build Châtelet-Les Halles with a cut-and-cover method, in order to reduce costs.
Initially the new RER D was meant to share tracks with the RER A between Paris-Gare de Lyon and Châtelet-Les Halles. But RATP, the company who runs the RER A, objected to such an operation as the number of passengers using the RER A was growing and required running extra trains on the RER A. It was decided instead that each line should have its own platforms, with R
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft%20CryptoAPI
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The Microsoft Windows platform specific Cryptographic Application Programming Interface (also known variously as CryptoAPI, Microsoft Cryptography API, MS-CAPI or simply CAPI) is an application programming interface included with Microsoft Windows operating systems that provides services to enable developers to secure Windows-based applications using cryptography. It is a set of dynamically linked libraries that provides an abstraction layer which isolates programmers from the code used to encrypt the data. The Crypto API was first introduced in Windows NT 4.0 and enhanced in subsequent versions.
CryptoAPI supports both public-key and symmetric key cryptography, though persistent symmetric keys are not supported. It includes functionality for encrypting and decrypting data and for authentication using digital certificates. It also includes a cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator function CryptGenRandom.
CryptoAPI works with a number of CSPs (Cryptographic Service Providers) installed on the machine. CSPs are the modules that do the actual work of encoding and decoding data by performing the cryptographic functions. Vendors of HSMs may supply a CSP which works with their hardware.
Cryptography API: Next Generation
Windows Vista features an update to the Crypto API known as Cryptography API: Next Generation (CNG). It has better API factoring to allow the same functions to work using a wide range of cryptographic algorithms, and includes a number of newer algorithms that are part of the National Security Agency (NSA) Suite B. It is also flexible, featuring support for plugging custom cryptographic APIs into the CNG runtime. However, CNG Key Storage Providers still do not support symmetric keys. CNG works in both user and kernel mode, and also supports all of the algorithms from the CryptoAPI. The Microsoft provider that implements CNG is housed in Bcrypt.dll.
CNG also supports elliptic curve cryptography which, because it uses shorter keys for the same expected level of security, is more efficient than RSA. The CNG API integrates with the smart card subsystem by including a Base Smart Card Cryptographic Service Provider (Base CSP) module which encapsulates the smart card API. Smart card manufacturers just have to make their devices compatible with this, rather than provide a from-scratch solution.
CNG also adds support for Dual_EC_DRBG, a pseudorandom number generator defined in NIST SP 800-90A that could expose the user to eavesdropping by the National Security Agency since it contains a kleptographic backdoor, unless the developer remembers to generate new base points with a different cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator or a true random number generator and then publish the generated seed in order to remove the NSA backdoor. It is also very slow. It is only used when called for explicitly.
CNG also replaces the default PRNG with CTR_DRBG using AES as the block cipher, because the earlier RNG which is defi
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RER%20E
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RER E is one of the five lines in the Réseau Express Régional (English: Regional Express Network), a hybrid commuter rail and rapid transit system serving Paris and its suburbs. The RER E line travels between Paris and eastern suburbs, with all trains serving the stations in central Paris, before branching out towards the ends of the line.
The line runs from the western terminus Haussmann–Saint-Lazare (E1) to the eastern termini Chelles–Gournay (E2) and Tournan (E4). It is operated by SNCF.
Originally referred to as the Est Ouest Liaison Express or EOLE (English: East West Express Link), RER E is the newest line in the system opening in 1999, with the extension in 2003, and further extensions to the west currently under construction (in 2024 to Nanterre-La Folie, in 2026 to Mantes-la-Jolie).
History
RER E opened on 14 July 1999 between Haussmann – Saint-Lazare and Chelles–Gournay. The construction included a tunnel between Haussmann – St-Lazare and Magenta (which serves Gare de l'Est and Gare du Nord).
The line was first extended with a new branch from Noisy-le-Sec to Villiers-sur-Marne – Le Plessis-Trévise on 30 August 1999. This branch was extended to Tournan on 14 December 2003.
On 13 December 2015, Rosa-Parks station opened in the 19th arrondissement of Paris.
Extension
RER E is to be extended from Haussmann – Saint-Lazare to La Défense, from where it will take over the branch of RER A to Nanterre, Sartrouville and Poissy. It would then take over a section of SNCF tracks (currently carrying Transilien J) to reach Mantes-la-Jolie. Partial revenue service, from Haussmann - Saint-Lazare to Nanterre - La Folie, was expected to begin by the end of 2022, then full service in 2024., but has since been delayed to 2024 and 2026, respectively.
An tunnel will be dug between Haussmann–St-Lazare and La Défense. An intermediate station at Porte Maillot will offer a transfer to RER C. The extension is expected to reduce the load on central sections of RER B (between Gare du Nord and Châtelet) and RER A (between La Défense and Auber) by 10–15%. Additionally, transfers will be shifted away from current transfer hub Châtelet in the city center.
List of RER E stations
Map
Operation
Names of services
Like all the other RER lines, each train is named after the route it takes. The first letter designates the destination, the second indicates whether the train will call at every station or not.
T corresponds to Tournan; V corresponds to Villiers-sur-Marne,
C corresponds to Chelles–Gournay,
H corresponds to Haussmann–Saint-Lazare.
Regular names of services of trains departing from Paris are, among others, TAVA (stops at Magenta, Rosa Parks, Pantin, Noisy-le-Sec, Val de Fontenay, and all stations from Villiers-sur-Marne to Tournan), VOHE (stops at every station, all the way to Villiers-sur-Marne), COHI (stops at every station all the way to Chelles–Gournay).
See also
List of Paris Métro stations
List of RER stations
Rolling stock
Current flee
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Palm%20OS%20devices
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This is a list of Palm OS devices, and companies that make, or have made, them.
Abacus/Fossil, Inc.
Fossil, made Wrist PDAs that use the Palm OS operating system.(Discontinued)
AU5005—Palm OS 4.1
AU5006—Palm OS 4.1
AU5008—Palm OS 4.1
FX2008—Palm OS 4.1
FX2009—Palm OS 4.1
Aceeca
Meazura—Palm OS 4.1.2
PDA32—Garnet OS 5.4
Acer
S10/S11/S12—Palm OS 4.1 - first Chinese Palm
S50/S55—Palm OS 4.1, color Hi-Res screen
S60/S65—Palm OS 4.1, MP3 player, voice recorder, color Hi-Res screen
AlphaSmart
Dana—Palm OS 4.1.2 - small "laptop" running Palm OS with a 560x160 pixel greyscale LCD, full-sized keyboard, two SD card slots, 8MiB or 16Mib memory, powered by NiMH or 3 x AA battery or wall adapter
Dana Wireless—Palm OS 4.1.2, same features as Dana plus Wi-Fi, 16MiB memory, SDIO support, widescreen launcher
Garmin
PDA with integrated GPS.
iQue 3600a—Palm OS 5.4
iQue 3600—Palm OS 5.2.1
iQue 3200—Palm OS 5.2.1
iQue 3000—Palm OS 5.2.1
Group Sense PDA
Smartphones with Palm OS
Xplore G18—Palm OS 4.1 (candybar, 2.2" 176x240 16-bit TFT, CIF camera, Dragonball VZ 33 MHz, 16MB RAM, 4MB OS flash)
Xplore G88—Palm OS 4.1 (slider, 2.2" 176x240 16-bit TFT, CIF camera, Dragonball VZ 33 MHz, 16MB RAM, 4MB OS flash, 24MB user flash appearing as an internal SD card)
Xplore M28—Palm OS 5.4 (slider, 2.2" 176x240 16-bit TFT, VGA camera, ARM9 CPU, 32MB NVFS storage, SD/MMC card slot)
Xplore M68—Palm OS 5.4 (candybar, 2.2" 176x240 16-bit TFT, 1.3MP camera, ARM9 CPU, SD/MMC card slot)
Xplore M70—Palm OS 5.4 (candybar, 2.2" 176x240 16-bit TFT, 1.3MP camera with video recording, ARM9 CPU, SD/MMC card slot)
Xplore M70S—Palm OS 5.4 hardware same as M70 with security firmware update
Xplore M98—Palm OS 5.4 (flip, 2.2" 176x240 16-bit TFT inside, 96x96 outside, 1.3MP camera, ARM9 CPU, 32MB NVFS storage, microSD card slot)
Handera/TRG
TRGpro—Palm OS 3.5.3 - introduced standard (CF) Card slot (company was at that time TRG (Technology Resource Group))
Handera 330—Palm OS 3.5.3
Handera 330c— never released
Handspring
The inventors of the Palm formed a new company called Handspring in June 1998, operating until 2003 when it merged with Palm, Inc.'s hardware division.
Visor
Visors introduced color cases and the Springboard Expansion slot.
Visor Solo—Palm OS 3.1H - 16 MHz, 2 MB RAM, B&W
Visor Deluxe—Palm OS 3.1H/H2 - 20 MHz, 8MB RAM, B&W
Visor Platinum—Palm OS 3.5.2H - 33 MHz, 8 MB RAM, B&W
Visor Prism—Palm OS 3.5.2H3 - 33 MHz, 8 MB RAM, color (world's first 16-bit color Palm OS device)
Visor Edge—Palm OS 3.5.2H - 33 MHz, 8 MB RAM, B&W, thin, sleek, metal case
Visor Neo—Palm OS 3.5.2H3 - 33 MHz, 8 MB RAM, B&W
Visor Pro—Palm OS 3.5.2H3 - 33 MHz, 16 MB RAM, B&W
Treo
Smartphones (except 90)
Treo 90—Palm OS 4.1H - can be updated to 4.1H3 which adds SDIO support
Treo 180—Palm OS 3.5.2H
Treo 180g—Palm OS 3.5.2H - the Treo 180 with Graffiti area, rather than a keyboard
Treo 270—Palm OS 3.5.2H
Treo 300—Palm OS 3.5.2H6.2
Treo 600—Palm OS 5.2.1H
IBM
IBM's Workpad series w
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital%20puppetry
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Digital puppetry is the manipulation and performance of digitally animated 2D or 3D figures and objects in a virtual environment that are rendered in real time by computers. It is most commonly used in filmmaking and television production, but has also been used in interactive theme park attractions and live theatre.
The exact definition of what is and is not digital puppetry is subject to debate among puppeteers and computer graphics designers, but it is generally agreed that digital puppetry differs from conventional computer animation in that it involves performing characters in real time, rather than animating them frame by frame.
Digital puppetry is closely associated with character animation, motion capture technologies, and 3D animation, as well as skeletal animation. Digital puppetry is also known as virtual puppetry, performance animation, living animation, aniforms, live animation and real-time animation (although the latter also refers to animation generated by computer game engines). Machinima is another form of digital puppetry, and Machinima performers are increasingly being identified as puppeteers.
History and usage
Early experiments
One of the earliest pioneers of digital puppetry was Lee Harrison III. He conducted experiments in the early 1960s that animated figures using analog circuits and a cathode ray tube. Harrison rigged up a body suit with potentiometers and created the first working motion capture rig, animating 3D figures in real-time on his CRT screen. He made several short films with this system, which he called ANIMAC. Among the earliest examples of digital puppets produced with the system included a character called "Mr. Computer Image" who was controlled by a combination of the ANIMAC's body control rig and an early form of voice-controlled automatic lip sync.
Waldo C. Graphic
Perhaps the first truly commercially successful example of a digitally animated figure being performed and rendered in real-time is Waldo C. Graphic, a character created in 1988 by Jim Henson and Pacific Data Images for the Muppet television series The Jim Henson Hour. Henson had used the Scanimate system to generate a digital version of his Nobody character in real-time for the television series Sesame Street as early as 1970 and Waldo grew out of experiments Henson conducted to create a computer generated version of his character Kermit the Frog in 1985.
Waldo's strength as a computer generated puppet was that he could be controlled by a single puppeteer (Steve Whitmire) in real-time in concert with conventional puppets. The computer image of Waldo was mixed with the video feed of the camera focused on physical puppets so that all of the puppeteers in a scene could perform together. (It was already standard Muppeteering practice to use monitors while performing, so the use of a virtual puppet did not significantly increase the complexity of the system.) Afterwards, in post production, PDI re-rendered Waldo in full resolution, adding
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ComicBase
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ComicBase is a computer program for tracking comic book collections. It was created in 1992 by Peter Bickford as an Apple Macintosh program. A Windows version was introduced in 1996. As of February 2015, it is on its nineteenth version (dubbed ComicBase 2017) and is available for computers running Microsoft Windows Windows 7, and later. Its database includes pricing and notes on over 800,000 individual comic book issues, and allows users to sell their comics online at a website marketplace called Atomic Avenue.
ComicBase 2017 includes a "My Comics" web app which uses works in conjunction with the desktop software to allow users to view and update their collections on virtually any mobile device through the use of responsive design techniques, including Apple, Windows, and Android smartphones and tablets, as well as devices like the PSP and Kindle. This feature was introduced with ComicBase 2015. Purchases can be recorded in the mobile web app either by entering in the comics title and issue, or by taking a picture of the comic's barcode using a mobile device's camera.
ComicBase was the first software available on Blu-ray.
References
Comic Base
Book databases
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HubMed
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HubMed is an alternative, third-party interface to PubMed, the database of biomedical literature produced by the National Library of Medicine. It transforms data from PubMed and integrates it with data from other sources. Features include relevance-ranked search results, direct citation export, tagging and graphical display of related articles.
See also
List of academic databases and search engines
References
External links
Bioinformatics
Medical search engines
Bibliographic databases and indexes
National Institutes of Health
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform-machines%20scheduling
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Uniform machine scheduling (also called uniformly-related machine scheduling or related machine scheduling) is an optimization problem in computer science and operations research. It is a variant of optimal job scheduling. We are given n jobs J1, J2, ..., Jn of varying processing times, which need to be scheduled on m different machines. The goal is to minimize the makespan - the total time required to execute the schedule. The time that machine i needs in order to process job j is denoted by pi,j. In the general case, the times pi,j are unrelated, and any matrix of positive processing times is possible. In the specific variant called uniform machine scheduling, some machines are uniformly faster than others. This means that, for each machine i, there is a speed factor si, and the run-time of job j on machine i is pi,j = pj / si.
In the standard three-field notation for optimal job scheduling problems, the uniform-machine variant is denoted by Q in the first field. For example, the problem denoted by " Q||" is a uniform machine scheduling problem with no constraints, where the goal is to minimize the maximum completion time. A special case of uniform machine scheduling is identical machine scheduling, in which all machines have the same speed. This variant is denoted by P in the first field.
In some variants of the problem, instead of minimizing the maximum completion time, it is desired to minimize the average completion time (averaged over all n jobs); it is denoted by Q||. More generally, when some jobs are more important than others, it may be desired to minimize a weighted average of the completion time, where each job has a different weight. This is denoted by Q||.
Algorithms
Minimizing the average completion time
Minimizing the average completion time can be done in polynomial time:
The SPT algorithm (Shortest Processing Time First), sorts the jobs by their length, shortest first, and then assigns them to the processor with the earliest end time so far. It runs in time O(n log n), and minimizes the average completion time on identical machines, P||.
Horowitz and Sahni present an exact algorithm, with run time O(n log m n), for minimizing the average completion time on uniform machines, Q||.
Bruno, Coffman and Sethi present an algorithm, running in time , for minimizing the average completion time on unrelated machines, R||.
Minimizing the weighted-average completion time
Minimizing the weighted average completion time is NP-hard even on identical machines, by reduction from the knapsack problem. It is NP-hard even if the number of machines is fixed and at least 2, by reduction from the partition problem.
Sahni presents an exponential-time algorithm and a polynomial-time approximation algorithm for identical machines.
Horowitz and Sahni presented:
Exact dynamic programming algorithms for minimizing the weighted-average completion time on uniform machines. These algorithms run in exponential time.
Polynomial-time approximati
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisco%2012000
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The Cisco 12000, also known as a Gigabit Switch Router or GSR, is a series of large network routers designed and manufactured by Cisco Systems.
Features
Cisco 12000 series routers feature a high-performance switched backplane providing 2.4Gbit/s across 16 switched ports simultaneously.
The Multi-Service Blade module (introduced for the XR 12000 line) provides firewall and acts as a session border controller.
Criticism
Certain line cards in Cisco 12000 routers are potentially vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks. Additionally, certain software versions were vulnerable to specially crafted IPv4 packets.
See also
Cisco routers
References
External links
Cisco 12000 Series Routers
Cisco GSR on the CiscoClue wiki
12000
Hardware routers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured%20content
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Structured content is information or content that is organized in a predictable way and is usually classified with metadata. XML is a common storage format, but structured content can also be stored in other standard or proprietary formats.
When working in structured content, writers need to build the structure of their content as well as add the text, images, etc. They build the structure by adding elements, and there are elements for different types of content. The structure must be valid according to the standard being used, and it is often enforced by the authoring tool. This helps to ensure consistency, as writers must use the appropriate elements in a consistent way.
See also
Structure mining
References
Metadata
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KSTS
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KSTS (channel 48) is a television station licensed to San Jose, California, United States, serving as the San Francisco Bay Area outlet for the Spanish-language network Telemundo. It is owned and operated by NBCUniversal's Telemundo Station Group alongside NBC outlet KNTV (channel 11); it is also sister to regional sports networks NBC Sports Bay Area and NBC Sports California. KSTS and KNTV share studios on North 1st Street in the North San Jose Innovation District; KSTS's transmitter is located on Mount Allison, and two of its main subchannels are also broadcast from the KNTV tower on San Bruno Mountain.
KSTS was established in 1981 to provide subscription television service in the South Bay and Santa Clara Valley. The STV programming ended in 1983, and the station mostly became noted for specialty programming about business and computers as well as some ethnic programs. Telemundo purchased the station in 1987, giving the Bay Area a second station focusing on Spanish-language programming and a second choice for Spanish-language local news.
History
Early years
On March 29, 1978, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) granted National Group Television a construction permit to build a new television station on channel 48 in San Jose. The permit took the call letters KQWT before becoming KSTS on January 2, 1979. The station first signed on the air on May 31, 1981, as an independent station. It was owned by National Group Television, which was headed by John Douglas. The station's commercial programming included business programs, including a local program called Business Today, as well as old off-network shows. At night, the station originally carried subscription television programming supplied by Satellite Television & Associated Resources (STAR TV) of Santa Monica; STAR had acquired the franchise from Universal Subscription Television three months prior to launch. STAR would have a short run on channel 48 because it bought the Super Time STV service on KTSF and relaunched it as STAR TV that September. It would be replaced by a unique STV offering known as International Network Television, which consisted of three program tiers: two hours a night of Japanese-language shows, another two hours of Chinese-language programming, and a late-night adult film block. Daytime hours were filled by the then-new Financial News Network after it launched in November 1981.
The STV service, with just 3,000 subscribers in February 1983, ended later that year. The station then added additional brokered programming, including several shows on the young computer industry. The Thursday night Affordable Computer Hotline, channel 48's highest-rated show, was one of three devoted to the topic and cemented KSTS's place as "The Computer Connection". The station also rebroadcast the 1984 shareholders meeting of Apple Computer, where the Macintosh was introduced, as the company had been unable to accommodate all those who wanted to attend. However, when must-carry pr
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viceland%20%28Canadian%20TV%20channel%29
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Viceland was a Canadian pay television channel. It was owned by Vice Network Canada, Inc., which was owned by Rogers Media with minority ownership by Vice Media. It was a Canadian version of Viceland, broadcasting lifestyle-oriented documentary and reality series aimed towards a young adult demographic.
The network was originally established as a Canadian version of the U.S. network The Biography Channel, as a joint venture between Rogers, Shaw Communications, and A&E Networks. Shaw and A&E later sold their shares to Rogers. As part of a larger licensing agreement with A&E Networks, Shaw launched a Canadian version of Biography Channel's successor in the U.S., FYI, in 2014.
On November 5, 2015, Rogers announced that it had partnered with Vice to be the Canadian launch partner for its new television brand Viceland, which replaced H2 in the U.S. as part of a similar joint venture with A&E. Vice Media acquired a 30% minority stake in the Canadian network. After low viewership and profitability, Rogers and Vice announced the termination of the partnership, and the complete shutdown of the channel effective March 31, 2018.
History
As The Biography Channel
Licensed as The Biography Channel by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) on November 24, 2000; the channel was launched on September 7, 2001 as a joint venture between Rogers Media (33.34%), Shaw Communications (33.33%) and A&E Networks (33.33%)—who owned the network's American counterpart. In 2006, both Shaw and A&E sold their interests in the channel to Rogers. The U.S. Biography Channel relaunched as FYI on July 7, 2014; Shaw's Twist TV became a Canadian version of FYI on September 1, 2014.
As Viceland
On November 5, 2015, Rogers announced that it would serve as the Canadian partner for Viceland, a new millennial-focused channel programmed by Vice Media, and that The Biography Channel would be rebranded to Viceland. Vice Media had partnered with A&E Networks (who owns 10% of the company) to launch Viceland in the U.S. as a replacement for H2.
Rogers and Vice Media had already begun to collaborate in October 2014, when Vice announced a CDN$100 million joint venture with Rogers to build a studio in Toronto's Liberty Village neighbourhood for producing original content. Rogers also announced an intent to launch Vice-branded television and digital properties in Canada in 2015. Rogers CEO Guy Laurence described the proposed studio as "a powerhouse for Canadian digital content focused on 18- to 34-year-olds" which would be "exciting" and "provocative". In 2015, Rogers-owned television network City introduced Vice on City—an anthology series featuring short-form content produced by Vice's Canadian reporters. Vice Media was originally established in Montreal, but had moved to New York City due to difficulties in reaching a sufficient scale in Canada at the time. The company believed that Rogers' investment in Vice helped to better achieve these goals.
Pre-launc
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System%20identification%20number
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A system identification number (SID) is broadcast by one or more base stations to identify a cellular network in a certain area (usually contiguous). It is globally unique within AMPS, TDMA or CDMA networks (the first two systems are essentially obsolete). This number sometimes has conflicts (see IFAST).
SID codes
These codes are broadcast as 15 bit values but transmitted as 16 bits by core network protocols. They can be listed within a wireless device to show preference for one network over another. The additional bit in core network protocols allows the range of codes above 32,767 to be used for internal purposes, such as segregating billing records within a large area identified by a single broadcast SID.
Telecommunications Industry Association committee TR-45.2 assigned ranges to every country extant in the 1980s and national regulators assigned individual numbers. IFAST took over in 1997. This number space is 90% utilized for country ranges. Many countries do not use all of their allocated codes, hence the majority of codes are unused.
SIDs are assigned to every carrier (e.g., Verizon, Sprint, Alltel) by national regulators or IFAST. SIDs are programmed into the phone when purchased. A phone will maintain a list of "preferred" systems identified by their SID code. The SID may also modify some signaling messages that are transmitted by mobiles (e.g. reducing the amount of information transmitted by "home" mobiles).
How SIDs work
When the phone is turned on, it listens for a signal. If it receives a signal, it looks at the SID carried by the signal, and compares it with the one that is stored in the phone. Originally, in analog systems, the mobile would turn on the roaming indicator if the SID was not the single value stored in the phone.
With CDMA systems the Preferred Roaming List (PRL) is responsible for determining which areas a mobile can roam into. Base stations may also broadcast an MCC and MNC which can also be used by the PRL.
External links
Mountain Wireless SID database
IFAST SID Information
Mobile phone standards
Identifiers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McNemar%27s%20test
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In statistics, McNemar's test is a statistical test used on paired nominal data. It is applied to 2 × 2 contingency tables with a dichotomous trait, with matched pairs of subjects, to determine whether the row and column marginal frequencies are equal (that is, whether there is "marginal homogeneity"). It is named after Quinn McNemar, who introduced it in 1947. An application of the test in genetics is the transmission disequilibrium test for detecting linkage disequilibrium.
The commonly used parameters to assess a diagnostic test in medical sciences are sensitivity and specificity. Sensitivity (or recall) is the ability of a test to correctly identify the people with disease. Specificity is the ability of the test to correctly identify those without the disease.
Now presume two tests are performed on the same group of patients. And also presume that these tests have identical sensitivity and specificity. In this situation one is carried away by these findings and presume that both the tests are equivalent. However this may not be the case. For this we have to study the patients with disease and patients without disease (by a reference test). We also have to find out where these two tests disagree with each other. This is precisely the basis of McNemar's test. This test compares the sensitivity and specificity of two diagnostic tests on the same group of patients.
Definition
The test is applied to a 2 × 2 contingency table, which tabulates the outcomes of two tests on a sample of N subjects, as follows.
The null hypothesis of marginal homogeneity states that the two marginal probabilities for each outcome are the same, i.e. pa + pb = pa + pc and pc + pd = pb + pd.
Thus the null and alternative hypotheses are
Here pa, etc., denote the theoretical probability of occurrences in cells with the corresponding label.
The McNemar test statistic is:
Under the null hypothesis, with a sufficiently large number of discordants (cells b and c), has a chi-squared distribution with 1 degree of freedom. If the result is significant, this provides sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis, in favour of the alternative hypothesis that pb ≠ pc, which would mean that the marginal proportions are significantly different from each other.
Variations
If either b or c is small (b + c < 25) then is not well-approximated by the chi-squared distribution. An exact binomial test can then be used, where b is compared to a binomial distribution with size parameter n = b + c and p = 0.5. Effectively, the exact binomial test evaluates the imbalance in the discordants b and c. To achieve a two-sided P-value, the P-value of the extreme tail should be multiplied by 2. For b ≥ c:
which is simply twice the binomial distribution cumulative distribution function with p = 0.5 and n = b + c.
Edwards proposed the following continuity corrected version of the McNemar test to approximate the binomial exact-P-value:
The mid-P McNemar test (mid-p binomial te
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Italian%20Bob
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"The Italian Bob" is the eighth episode of the seventeenth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on December 11, 2005. Serving as a sequel to "The Great Louse Detective", it features Kelsey Grammer in his ninth appearance as Sideshow Bob and is the first time the Simpsons visit Italy.
The episode's title is a reference to the 1969 British caper film The Italian Job. Among the locations the Simpsons visit in this episode are Pisa, Pompeii, Tuscany, Rome and Venice.
Plot
After Mr. Burns gets teased about his old car by the kids at Springfield Elementary School, he sends Homer Simpson to pick up a brand new Lamborgotti Fasterossa car in Italy. The Simpsons fly over on Alitalia, and tour the country. After a huge wheel of mortadella lands on their car and crushes the hood, they push it into a small (fictional) Tuscan village called Salsiccia (sausage), and are told that the mayor speaks English.
The Simpsons visit the mayor, who turns out to be Sideshow Bob. He explains that after he last attempted to kill Bart, he decided to get a fresh start in Italy. He helped the villagers crush grapes into wine using his enormous feet, and they elected him mayor. Bob has resisted all intention of killing Bart, and introduces the Simpsons to his wife, Francesca Terwilliger, and his son, Gino. Bob begs the Simpsons not to tell anyone about his past crimes and arranges to have the car fixed.
One month later, Bob hosts a farewell party for the Simpson family. Lisa gets drunk on wine and spouts off about Bob being an attempted murderer. He leads her away from the table, but as she stumbles backwards, she rips off his suit to reveal his prison uniform. Upon this revelation, the village sacks Bob as Mayor. Bob swears a murderous vendetta on the Simpsons. The family flees in the fixed car, but Bob follows on a motorcycle. Homer drives into a ditch and onto a Roman aqueduct, landing on top of Trajan's Column in the Roman Forum. Bob's wife and son catch up with him. Francesca professes her love and loyalty to Bob and offers to help him take revenge.
The Simpsons are left with no car and no money. Lisa spots a bus with a poster advertising Krusty the Clown's performance in the opera Pagliacci. They meet up with him at the Colosseum in Rome, and he puts them in as extras. Bob, Francesca, and Gino find them and corner them on the stage while Krusty flees through a trap door. Lisa warns the audience that the Terwilligers are about to actually kill her and the family, but Bob tricks the audience by performing the climax of Vesti la giubba. Before Bob and his family can kill the Simpsons, Krusty's limousine picks them up; Krusty needs them to smuggle an ancient artefact back to America. The Terwilligers are disappointed at first, but then walk away plotting revenge together.
Reception
Kelsey Grammer won the Emmy Award for Outstanding Voice-Over Performance for his voice portrayal of Sideshow
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KYUM-LD
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KYUM-LD is a low-power television station in Yuma, Arizona, owned by Centro Cristiano Vida Abundante, Inc. of Santa Maria, California. It is affiliated with Spanish-language religious network Tele Vida Abundante and broadcasts in digital on UHF channel 15 from a transmitter location near the Yuma Airport.
History
The FCC issued a construction permit on February 15, 1997, to Yoneide S. Dinzey to build low-power station K16EI, to serve Yuma on UHF channel 16. Dinzey sold the permit to Three Angels Broadcasting Network in February 1999, and 3ABN then sold it to Tiger Eye Broadcasting six weeks later, in April 1999. Tiger Eye Broadcasting changed the station's call letters to KYUM-LP in February 2000, and licensed the station on April 5, 2001, before selling it to Powell Meredith Communications Company a month later. The station was listed as a TBN affiliate at that time.
With station KSWT being assigned channel 16 for their digital television operations, KYUM-LP was forced to move, and filed an application with the FCC in May 2001 to move to VHF channel 2. The application was granted in March 2002, but the station was forced to go silent when KSWT-DT began broadcasting, likely in March or April 2002 after they were granted Special Temporary Authority. Powell Meredith licensed the station on channel 2 in May 2005, but KYUM-LP aired no programming, as the owners were in the process of finding a buyer. They agreed to sell the station to Hispanic Christian Communication Network (HCCN) in June 2005, but the sale was not consummated until May 2006. Shortly afterward, the station began broadcasting Christian Spanish-language programming from Tele Vida Abundante. The same month, HCCN agreed to sell the station to Centro Christiano Vida Abundante, producers of the programming, and in late November 2006, the FCC approved the sale.
Digital television
In August 2006, KYUM-LP was identified as a singleton applicant for a companion digital LPTV station on UHF channel 23. A singleton applicant is one whose application for a construction permit has no competition from nearby applications on the same or adjacent channels. The station applied for a construction permit on October 27, but since it was close to Mexico, it required international coordination. The Mexican government objected to the station, and on November 7, 2007, KYUM was notified that its application would be dismissed.
Digital channels
The station's digital channel is multiplexed:
References
Religious television stations in the United States
Independent television stations in the United States
YUM-LD
Television channels and stations established in 1997
YUM
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OLN
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OLN (formerly Outdoor Life Network) is a Canadian English-language discretionary specialty channel owned by Rogers Sports & Media that primarily broadcasts factual-based and adventure-related reality programming aimed at male audiences.
The channel was launched on October 17, 1997 by Rogers, Baton Broadcasting and Outdoor Life Network in the U.S. with the "OLN" name licensed from Camden Media, owners of the Outdoor Life magazine brand. Rogers took sole ownership of the channel in 2008 and its original format was largely abandoned in recent years.
History
Licensed in September 1996 as Outdoor Life by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC), the channel launched on October 17, 1997, as Outdoor Life Network. Its initial owners were Baton Broadcasting (later CTVglobemedia), Rogers Media, and the Outdoor Life Network in the U.S., which was later acquired by Comcast.
It was announced on November 16, 2007, that Rogers would acquire the remaining interests in OLN from both CTVglobemedia and Comcast, leaving Rogers as the sole owner of OLN. The deal was approved by the CRTC on July 7, 2008, and was finalized on August 1, 2008, with Rogers taking operational control on August 31, 2008.
On June 24, 2011, OLN launched their high definition feed. This feed is available on Shaw Direct, Bell Satellite TV, Eastlink, Optik TV, Bell MTS, SaskTel, Rogers, Cogeco, and Bell Fibe TV.
Programming
OLN was originally based on the American channel of the same name later known as NBCSN, which operated from 1995 to 2021, and shared much of its programmingincluding coverage of the Tour de France. Today, OLN primarily airs general-interest reality series with little to no relation to the network's original format such as Canada's Got Talent and Impractical Jokers and library programming from other Rogers channels including Citytv.
Due to restrictions in its CRTC license that required it to maintain a focus on outdoors programming at the time, and because Rogers already operated several services under the Sportsnet brand, OLN did not follow the suit of its American counterpart and become a mainstream sports channel. However, OLN has been used for sports coverage, including CTV/Rogers Media coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics and 2012 Summer Olympics.
OLN occasionally carries WWE programs as an overflow from Sportsnet 360 when schedule conflicts arise in the latter's sports programming.
Since January 2023, OLN carries repeats of adult animated comedies including The Simpsons, Family Guy and Bob's Burgers sharing with FX.
References
External links
Rogers Communications
Television channels and stations established in 1997
English-language television stations in Canada
Men's interest channels
1997 establishments in Ontario
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge%20Systems%20Technology
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Cambridge Systems Technology (CST) was a company formed in the early 1980s by ex-Torch Computers engineers David Oliver and Martin Baines, to produce peripherals for the BBC Micro, and later, with Graham Priestley, Sinclair QL microcomputers. Products included IEEE 488, floppy disk and SCSI interfaces.
Following the demise of the Sinclair QL in 1986, CST began producing the Thor series of QL-compatible personal computers. These had limited commercial success, and CST had ceased trading by the end of the decade.
References
See also
Miracle Systems
Sinclair QL
Sinclair Research
Defunct companies based in Cambridgeshire
Defunct computer companies of the United Kingdom
Companies established in the 1980s
Companies disestablished in the 1980s
Science and technology in Cambridgeshire
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcus%20II%3A%20Silent%20Symphony
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is a computer game developed and released in Japan by Wolf Team. Narumi Kakinouchi, co-creator of Vampire Princess Miyu, was the art director for this game. The music for the game was composed by Masaaki Uno, Motoi Sakuraba, and Yasunori Shiono.
See also
Arcus Odyssey
References
External links
1989 video games
Adventure games
Arcus (video game series)
Japan-exclusive video games
MSX2 games
Telenet Japan games
X68000 games
NEC PC-8801 games
NEC PC-9801 games
Video games developed in Japan
Video games scored by Motoi Sakuraba
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American%20Veterans%20Committee
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Launched in April 2013, the American Veterans Committee (AVC) was a non-profit veterans organization that promoted networking opportunities for US veterans globally. The organization was launched to make it easier for US veterans to connect with veterans from other countries, expand new employment and business opportunities, while also promoting smart diplomacy. During 2018, the American Veterans Committee ceased being a membership organization.
The organization was founded by Iraq War Veteran Saif Khan, who served as president until June 2021. Major General James Kelley (ret.) served as former president. The organization was later led by Iraq War Veteran Brandon Powell.
The American Veterans Committee was a member organization of the World Veterans Federation. Through the World Veterans Federation, the American Veterans Committee had the ability to connect with veterans organizations from around the world. The American Veterans Committee also focused on learning from what other countries were doing better to serve their veterans, and how national, state and local programs in the US could be improved to serve veterans better.
References
External links
Official website
American veterans' organizations
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rondout%20Reservoir
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Rondout Reservoir is part of New York City's water supply network. It is located northwest of the city in the Catskill Mountains, near the southern end of Catskill Park, split between the towns of Wawarsing in Ulster County and Neversink in Sullivan County. It is the central collection point for the city's Delaware System, which provides half its daily consumption.
History
The reservoir was made possible by the construction of Merriman Dam along Rondout Creek. Construction began in 1937 and ended in 1954, three years after the reservoir began delivering water. It would be the first of four built by the city to satisfy its growing demand in the years after World War II. Three villages – Lackawack, Montela and Eureka – were condemned and flooded in the process. The small settlement of Grahamsville remains in existence just west of the reservoir.
In 1998, the city's Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) issued an advisory warning against eating more than one reservoir-caught smallmouth bass per month after mercury levels of 1.3 part per million (ppm), slightly above the federal standard of 1.0 ppm, were confirmed in three caught in the reservoir. Since there is no industry in the reservoir's vast watershed, this contamination is believed to be the result of acid rain from coal-fired power plants in the Midwest.
Forged dam inspections controversy
In 2006, after residents raised concerns regarding the soundness of both Merriman and Neversink dams following emergency repairs to Schoharie Dam, a local newspaper, the Times Herald-Record, obtained copies of weekly visual inspection reports for both and found that the handwriting and information relating to the appearance of the dams on weekly reports compiled by inspector Ronald Hewlett and initialed by section engineer Russell Betters over a three-year period were virtually identical, suggesting they had been routinely photocopied. The two were later suspended.
Statistics
Rondout Reservoir is a single basin long, in area and reaches a maximum depth of near the dam. Mean depth is . Elevation is above sea level.
It holds , which comes not only from the reservoir's own 95 square-mile (247 km2) watershed but from Cannonsville, Neversink, and Pepacton reservoirs via the Delaware and Neversink tunnels as well. Since those three are in the Delaware River watershed, Rondout is considered by the city's Department of Environmental Protection to be part of the Delaware system despite being firmly within the Hudson River watershed itself.
Combined, the four reservoirs account for of watershed and of capacity, of which goes to the city daily — 50% of the entire system's capacity. All this water is fed from the Rondout to West Branch Reservoir in Putnam County via the Delaware Aqueduct, the world's longest continuous tunnel at .
Access and recreational use
Rondout is easy to reach via road as routes 55 and 55A form a loop around it. However, access to the actual reservoir is tightly restricted
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reprogramming
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In biology, reprogramming refers to erasure and remodeling of epigenetic marks, such as DNA methylation, during mammalian development or in cell culture. Such control is also often associated with alternative covalent modifications of histones.
Reprogrammings that are both large scale (10% to 100% of epigenetic marks) and rapid (hours to a few days) occur at three life stages of mammals. Almost 100% of epigenetic marks are reprogrammed in two short periods early in development after fertilization of an ovum by a sperm. In addition, almost 10% of DNA methylations in neurons of the hippocampus can be rapidly altered during formation of a strong fear memory.
After fertilization in mammals, DNA methylation patterns are largely erased and then re-established during early embryonic development. Almost all of the methylations from the parents are erased, first during early embryogenesis, and again in gametogenesis, with demethylation and remethylation occurring each time. Demethylation during early embryogenesis occurs in the preimplantation period. After a sperm fertilizes an ovum to form a zygote, rapid DNA demethylation of the paternal DNA and slower demethylation of the maternal DNA occurs until formation of a morula, which has almost no methylation. After the blastocyst is formed, methylation can begin, and with formation of the epiblast a wave of methylation then takes place until the implantation stage of the embryo. Another period of rapid and almost complete demethylation occurs during gametogenesis within the primordial germ cells (PGCs). Other than the PGCs, in the post-implantation stage, methylation patterns in somatic cells are stage- and tissue-specific with changes that presumably define each individual cell type and last stably over a long time.
Embryonic development
The mouse sperm genome is 80–90% methylated at its CpG sites in DNA, amounting to about 20 million methylated sites. After fertilization, the paternal chromosome is almost completely demethylated in six hours by an active process, before DNA replication (blue line in Figure). In the mature oocyte, about 40% of its CpG sites are methylated. Demethylation of the maternal chromosome largely takes place by blockage of the methylating enzymes from acting on maternal-origin DNA and by dilution of the methylated maternal DNA during replication (red line in Figure). The morula (at the 16 cell stage), has only a small amount of DNA methylation (black line in Figure). Methylation begins to increase at 3.5 days after fertilization in the blastocyst, and a large wave of methylation then occurs on days 4.5 to 5.5 in the epiblast, going from 12% to 62% methylation, and reaching maximum level after implantation in the uterus. By day seven after fertilization, the newly formed primordial germ cells (PGC) in the implanted embryo segregate from the remaining somatic cells. At this point the PGCs have about the same level of methylation as the somatic cells.
The newly for
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los%20Alamos%20chess
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Los Alamos chess (or anti-clerical chess) is a chess variant played on a 6×6 board without bishops. This was the first chess-like game played by a computer program. This program was written at Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory by Paul Stein and Mark Wells for the computer in 1956. The reduction of the board size and the number of pieces from standard chess was due to the very limited capacity of computers at the time.
The program was very simple, containing only about 600 instructions. It was mostly a minimax tree search and could look 4 plies ahead. For scoring the board at the end of the 4-ply-lookahead, it estimates a score for material and a score for mobility, then add them up. A pseudocode for the chess program is described in Figure 11.4 of . In 1958, a revised version was written for MANIAC II, for the actual 8x8 chess, though its pseudocode was never published. There is a record of a single game by it, circa November 1958 (Tabel 11.2 of ).
Game rules
The starting position is illustrated. All rules are as in chess except:
There is no pawn double-step move, nor is there the en passant capture;
Pawns may not be promoted to bishops;
There is no castling.
Los Alamos trials
The computer played three games. The first it played against itself. The second one was against a strong human player, who played without a queen. The human player won. In the third game, MANIAC I played against a laboratory assistant who had been taught the rules of chess in the preceding week specifically for the game. The computer won, marking the first time that a computer had beaten a human player in a chess-like game.
The second game
White: Martin Kruskal Black: MANIAC I1. d3 Na4 2. b3 Nb6 3. c3 d4 4. c4 bxc4 5. dxc4 a4 6. Na3 e4 7. Kd2 Ke5 8. f3 e3+ 9. Kc2 axb3+ 10. axb3 Nf4 11. Nd3+ Nxd3 12. Kxd3 Kf4 13. Kc2 Ra5 14. Kb2 Re6 15. Rfd1 Re5 16. Nc2 Rxa1 17. Kxa1 Re6 18. Kb2 Re5 19. Ne1 Qe4 20. fxe4 fxe4 21. Kc2 d3+ 22. exd3 e2 23. Ra1 Re6 24. Ra5 exd3+ 25. Kd2 Re4 26. Rxc5 Re6 27. Nxd3+ Ke4 28. Kxe2 Kd4+ 29. Re5 Rxe5+ 30. Nxe5 Kc5 31. Kd3 Kb4 32. Kd4 Nxc4 33. bxc4 Kb3 34. c5 Kb4 35. c6=Q Kb3 36. Nd3 Ka2 37. Qc3 Kb1 38. Qb2
The third game
White: MANIAC I Black: Beginner 1.d3 b4 2.Nf3 d4 3.b3 e4 4.Ne1 a4 5.bxa4 Nxa4 6.Kd2 Nc3 7.Nxc3 bxc3+ 8.Kd1 f4 9.a3 Rb6 10.a4 Ra6 11.a5 Kd5 12.Qa3 Qb5 13.Qa2+ Ke5 14.Rb1 Rxa5 15.Rxb5 Rxa2 16.Rb1 Ra5 17.f3 Ra4 18.fxe4 c4 19.Nf3+ Kd6 20.e5+ Kd5 21.exf6=Q Nc5 22.Qxd4+ Kc6 23.Ne5
See also
Minichess
References
External links
Los Alamos Chess by Hans L. Bodlaender, The Chess Variant Pages
A short history of computer chess by Frederic Friedel
BrainKing.com - internet server to play Los Alamos chess.
Chess variants
Computer chess
1956 in chess
Board games introduced in 1956
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fallacies%20of%20distributed%20computing
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The fallacies of distributed computing are a set of assertions made by L Peter Deutsch and others at Sun Microsystems describing false assumptions that programmers new to distributed applications invariably make.
The fallacies
The fallacies are
The network is reliable;
Latency is zero;
Bandwidth is infinite;
The network is secure;
Topology doesn't change;
There is one administrator;
Transport cost is zero;
The network is homogeneous.
The effects of the fallacies
Software applications are written with little error-handling on networking errors. During a network outage, such applications may stall or infinitely wait for an answer packet, permanently consuming memory or other resources. When the failed network becomes available, those applications may also fail to retry any stalled operations or require a (manual) restart.
Ignorance of network latency, and of the packet loss it can cause, induces application- and transport-layer developers to allow unbounded traffic, greatly increasing dropped packets and wasting bandwidth.
Ignorance of bandwidth limits on the part of traffic senders can result in bottlenecks.
Complacency regarding network security results in being blindsided by malicious users and programs that continually adapt to security measures.
Changes in network topology can have effects on both bandwidth and latency issues, and therefore can have similar problems.
Multiple administrators, as with subnets for rival companies, may institute conflicting policies of which senders of network traffic must be aware in order to complete their desired paths.
The "hidden" costs of building and maintaining a network or subnet are non-negligible and must consequently be noted in budgets to avoid vast shortfalls.
If a system assumes a homogeneous network, then it can lead to the same problems that result from the first three fallacies.
History
The list of fallacies generally came about at Sun Microsystems. L. Peter Deutsch, one of the original Sun "Fellows", is credited with penning the first seven fallacies in 1994; however, Bill Joy and Tom Lyon had already identified the first four as "The Fallacies of Networked Computing"
(the article claims "Dave Lyon", but this is a mistake). Around 1997, James Gosling, another Sun Fellow and the inventor of Java, added the eighth fallacy.
See also
CAP theorem
PACELC theorem
Distributed computing
Fine vs coarse grained SOA
References
External links
The Eight Fallacies of Distributed Computing
Fallacies of Distributed Computing Explained by Arnon Rotem-Gal-Oz
Distributed computing architecture
Distributed computing problems
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houston%20tunnel%20system
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The Houston tunnel system is a network of subterranean, climate-controlled, pedestrian walkways that links 95 full city blocks below Houston's downtown streets. It is approximately long. There are similar systems in Chicago, Dallas, Oklahoma City, Montreal, and Toronto. Architectural historian Stephen Fox has stated that the idea for the tunnel system came when the Bank of the Southwest Building was "linked by tunnel to the 1010 Garage and the Mellie Esperson Building" in 1961.
Description
The Tunnel is a series of underground passageways that, with above-ground skywalks, link office towers to hotels, banks, corporate and government offices, restaurants, retail stores, and the Houston Theater District. Portions of the tunnel contain gift shops, newsstands, banks, technology centers, flower shops, copy centers, dry cleaners, and food courts similar to a major shopping mall. They are widely and heavily used by office workers and tourists. Only two buildings, Wells Fargo Plaza and McKinney Garage on Main, offer direct access from the street to the Tunnel; other entry points are from street-level stairs, escalators, and elevators inside buildings that are connected to the tunnel. Access is allowed to the general public into these buildings with few restrictions, during normal operating hours, in order to reach the Tunnel.
Most of the retail areas of the Tunnel are in the basements of these buildings, connected by passageways. While walking through, one can determine which building one is in by the unique signage and/or architectural design of that building, as well as the wayfinding system and Houston Tunnel maps. Most of the Tunnel is in the western half of downtown Houston. The tunnel is generally open during weekday business hours only.
The Tunnel has been criticized for its numerous stairways, especially in the northern portion, which make wheelchair use impractical in some locations. Bob Eury director of the Houston Downtown District, stated that, "These areas haven't been made ADA-compliant because it would be difficult or impossible to put in ramps and still leave enough headroom for pedestrians."
Discontinuous portions
The Harris County tunnel at the far north side of downtown is not connected to the rest of the system by either tunnels or skywalks. It connects Harris County courts, jails, and associated buildings totaling 10 blocks. Six blocks of the St. Joseph Medical Center are connected via skywalks at the southeast corner of downtown near the Pierce elevated.
The Houston Chronicle complex, at 801 North Texas, was connected to the Tunnel until those buildings were imploded in 2017; the newspaper's operations relocated to the former Houston Post complex (off the Southwest Freeway) in 2014.
Other parts not connected to the main Tunnel are the skywalk connections between the Hilton-Americas Hotel and George R. Brown Convention Center, the skywalk connections at the Toyota Center, and at the Houston Public Library.
Buildings connect
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bad%20Influence
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Bad Influence may refer to:
Film and television
Bad Influence (film), a 1990 American film by Curtis Hanson
Bad Influence!, a 1992–1996 British children's TV series covering computers and video games
"Bad Influence" (21 Jump Street), a 1987 episode
"Bad Influence" (The Weird Al Show), a 1997 episode
Music
Albums
Bad Influence (Robert Cray album) or the title song, 1983
The Bad Influence, by Lil Wyte, 2009
Bad Influence, by La Chat, 2006
Bad Influence, by YoungBloodZ, unreleased (2008)
Songs
"Bad Influence" (song), by Pink, 2009
"Bad Influence", by the B-52s from Good Stuff, 1992
"Bad Influence", by Clutchy Hopkins and Shawn Lee from Clutch of the Tiger, 2008
"Bad Influence", by Eminem from the End of Days film soundtrack, 1999
"Bad Influence", by Omah Lay, 2020
Other uses
Bad Influence (professional wrestling), a tag team consisting of Christopher Daniels and Frankie Kazarian
Bad Influence, a 2004 novel by William Sutcliffe
See also
Influence (disambiguation)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture%20of%20macOS
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The architecture of macOS describes the layers of the operating system that is the culmination of Apple Inc.'s decade-long research and development process to replace the classic Mac OS.
After the failures of their previous attempts—Pink, which started as an Apple project but evolved into a joint venture with IBM called Taligent, and Copland, which started in 1994 and was cancelled two years later—Apple began development of Mac OS X, later renamed OS X and then macOS, with the acquisition of NeXT's NeXTSTEP in 1997.
Development
NeXTSTEP
NeXTSTEP used a hybrid kernel that combined the Mach 2.5 kernel developed at Carnegie Mellon University with subsystems from 4.3BSD. NeXTSTEP also introduced a new windowing system based on Display PostScript that intended to achieve better WYSIWYG systems by using the same language to draw content on monitors that drew content on printers. NeXT also included object-oriented programming tools based on the Objective-C language that they had acquired from Stepstone and a collection of Frameworks (or Kits) that were intended to speed software development. NeXTSTEP originally ran on Motorola's 68k processors, but was later ported to Intel's x86, Hewlett-Packard's PA-RISC and Sun Microsystems' SPARC processors. Later on, the developer tools and frameworks were released, as OpenStep, as a development platform that would run on other operating systems.
Rhapsody
On February 4, 1997, Apple acquired NeXT and began development of the Rhapsody operating system. Rhapsody built on NeXTSTEP, porting the core system to the PowerPC architecture and adding a redesigned user interface based on the Platinum user interface from Mac OS 8. An emulation layer called Blue Box allowed Mac OS applications to run within an actual instance of the Mac OS and an integrated Java platform. The Objective-C developer tools and Frameworks were referred to as the Yellow Box and also made available separately for Microsoft Windows. The Rhapsody project eventually bore the fruit of all Apple's efforts to develop a new generation Mac OS, which finally shipped in the form of Mac OS X Server.
Mac OS X
At the 1998 Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), Apple announced a move that was intended as a response to complaints from Macintosh software developers who were not happy with the two options (Yellow Box and Blue Box) available in Rhapsody. Mac OS X would add another developer API to the existing ones in Rhapsody. Key APIs from the Macintosh Toolbox would be implemented in Mac OS X to run directly on the BSD layers of the operating system instead of in the emulated Macintosh layer. This modified interface, called Carbon, would eliminate approximately 2000 troublesome API calls (of about 8000 total) and replace them with calls compatible with a modern OS.
At the same conference, Apple announced that the Mach side of the kernel had been updated with sources from the OSFMK 7.3 (Open Source Foundation Mach Kernel) and the BSD side of the kernel had
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunderland%20station
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Sunderland is a railway and metro station in Sunderland, Tyne and Wear, England. It is on the Durham Coast Line, which runs via and the city between and . It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains. Since 31 March 2002, the station has also been served by the Tyne and Wear Metro's Green Line.
History
Earlier stations
Opening in 1836, the first railway passenger services to Sunderland were provided by the Durham and Sunderland Railway Company, initially linking the then port town with Haswell and Hetton-le-Hole. Approaching from the south along the coast, the terminus, known as Town Moor was located near South Dock. The Durham and Sunderland Railway Company slowly extended their route towards the intended terminus in Durham – though the eventual terminus, which opened in 1839, was located outside the city at . The line reached Durham in July 1893, when the North Eastern Railway opened the extension to .
Undistinguished either in architecture, convenience or accommodation, Town Moor was replaced 22 years later by Hendon. It was situated half a mile to the south, at a point where the line had to be joined by the Newcastle and Darlington Junction Railway Company's line Durham via , which opened in 1853.
In 1854, the Marquis of Londonderry opened the Londonderry, Seaham and Sunderland Railway, which linked the existing Londonderry and South Hetton Collieries to the South Dock. From 1855, the line carried passengers between and a terminus at Hendon Burn. The Londonderry, Seaham and Sunderland Railway began to use the Durham and Sunderland Railway's terminus in 1868. Meanwhile, the York, Newcastle and Berwick Railway had built their station, Fawcett Street, which opened in 1853. It was situated just south of the site of the present station.
On 4 August 1879, the North Eastern Railway opened a line from Ryhope Grange Junction over the River Wear to , and a new station was built on the present site, to the designs of architect William Peachey. Both Fawcett Street and Hendon were closed on the same date. The new station served passengers of both the North Eastern Railway and Londonderry, Seaham and Sunderland Railway, until the latter sold the Sunderland–Seaham route to the former in 1900. This, in turn, allowed the North Eastern Railway to extend the line along the coast to create a new through route to (West) Hartlepool, which opened in 1905.
Present station
The current station, known as Sunderland Central until 5 May 1969, has tracks which lie in a cutting running north and south, bounded by retaining walls to the east and west. The platform area was previously covered by an overall semi-elliptical arched-rib roof, which together with the buildings at the station's north end, suffered significant damage following an air raid in March 1943. In 1953, the roof was replaced by umbrella-type roofing, and the buildings at the southern end of the station were given an interim facelift. The complete rebuilding of the station was defe
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic%20Information%20and%20Services%20Network%20of%20Australasia
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The Islamic Information & Services Network of Australasia (IISNA) also known as MyCentre (Multicultural Youth Centre), is an independent Islamic organisation based in Broadmeadows, Victoria. The organisation is led by Samir Mohtadi, better known by his kunya, Abu Hamza. It is a non-profit organisation, and holds regular Islamic educational classes, and larger lecture events biannually. The organisation is reported as being more politically moderate than other Australian Wahhabi-Salafi groups.
History
IISNA grew out of an earlier organisation which was called IISCA (Islamic Information & Support Centre of Australia). IISCA was founded by Abu Hamza (who later went on to establish and lead IISNA). IISCA was originally based in the Melbourne CBD and later relocated to Brunswick. The organisation's members became split along political lines with some of them promoting a takfeeri ideology and attempting to oust Abu Hamza and to replace him with Mohammed Omran, the other members did not support this ideology and supported Abu Hamza as the president of the organisation. When reconciliation between the two factions was shown to be impossible Abu Hamza withdrew from the organisation and brought his followers with him in founding IISNA.
In 2004 IISNA hosted a presentation by Zakir Naik.
In 2007, Mohammed Omran was said to be the spiritual leader of the IISNA and with IISCA (in 2009) being linked with the Ahlus Sunnah Wal Jamaah Association.
IISNA (MyCentre) today
IISNA has held events in all major cities of Australia and also many cities in New Zealand and Fiji. IISNA recently became involved with organisations in Indonesia, after giving support following the December 26, 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami. IISNA through support from the Muslim community of Australia raised funds to build an orphanage in the nation for Tsunami orphans.
IISNA has taken part in the Unity Cup since its inception. The Unity Cup is hosted by the Australian Federal Police and the Essendon Football Club. IISNA has competed over the last 3 years and has fielded a team which won the competition on all three occasions.
In early 2010 it was announced that IISNA would build a new youth centre (MyCentre) based in Broadmeadows, Victoria in the heart of Melbourne's Muslim community.
Abu Hamza
Abu Hamza, also known as Samir Mohtadi has led IISNA since its beginning. His family background is Lebanese, however he was raised in Australia. Abu Hamza's grandfather was originally a Maronite Christian from Zgharta who embraced Islam at a young age.
He gives talks at IISNA every Sunday, which are all broadcast online on Paltalk.
Some of Abu Hamza's most popular talks which he has given are:
Jinns & Magic
The Neglected Rights of the Parents
Who Wants to Be a Billionaire?
The Meaning of Surat al-'Asr
The Keys to a Successful Marriage
He has said that it is permissible to hit your wife as a, "last resort" but, "you are not allowed to bruise them . . . or to make them bleed". These recommenda
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brother%20from%20the%20Same%20Planet
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"Brother from the Same Planet" is the fourteenth episode of the fourth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on February 4, 1993. In the episode, after Homer is late to pick him up from soccer practice, Bart turns to the program the Bigger Brothers, and is assigned a man named Tom. Out of jealousy, Homer gets himself a little brother named Pepi. Meanwhile, Lisa becomes addicted to the Corey hotline, a phone service where television fans can listen to the voice of a fictional actor based on Corey Feldman and Corey Haim.
The episode was written by Jon Vitti and directed by Jeffrey Lynch. The producers tried to cast Tom Cruise for the role of Tom, but Cruise refused and they chose Phil Hartman instead. "Brother from the Same Planet" received favorable reception in books and in the media, and was highlighted among the five best episodes of the series by the writers of the Fox series King of the Hill.
Plot
Bart, angry at Homer for not picking him up at soccer practice, goes to the Bigger Brothers Agency, a mentor program which pairs up fatherless boys with positive male role models. He pretends to be a young boy whose father was a drunken gambler who abandoned him. The receptionist pairs him up with their best Bigger Brother, a military test pilot named Tom. The two spend time together doing a variety of activities, though Bart feels guilty over taking up Tom's time despite not actually being fatherless. Homer finds out about Tom and confronts Bart. Homer decides to go to the Bigger Brothers Agency to get revenge by being assigned with a replacement son; a young, poor boy named Pepi.
Later on, it is Bigger Brothers Day in Marine World, where the Bigger Brothers and their boys attend to celebrate (including Homer, Tom, Bart, and Pepi). After running into Homer and learning how bad of a father he is from Bart, Tom brawls with him. The fight rages across Springfield and ends with Homer's defeat, his back draped painfully over a fire hydrant. Homer is sent to a hospital on a stretcher, with Bart blaming himself. Tom laments how he will miss being a Bigger Brother, while Pepi is sad over losing his Bigger Brother. Bart suggests Tom become Pepi's big brother; they happily agree and walk into the sunset holding hands. After Homer recovers, Bart asks Homer how to brawl like him.
Meanwhile, Marge finds an anomalously high phone bill for calls made by Lisa to the Corey hotline — a premium rate phone service where fans can listen to the voice of a teen heartthrob. Lisa promises to stop increasing the family's phone bill, but continues to make calls to the hotline from Dr. Hibbert's office and a telephone at Springfield Elementary. After Principal Skinner catches her, Marge suggests that Lisa try to go until midnight without calling the hotline; if she can do so, she will have conquered her addiction. Although tempted throughout the rest of the day, Lisa beats her addiction.
Pro
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20pioneers%20in%20computer%20science
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This is a list of people who made transformative breakthroughs in the creation, development and imagining of what computers could do.
Pioneers
To arrange the list either chronologically by year or alphabetically by person (ascending or descending), click that column's small "up-down" icon.
~ Items marked with a tilde are circa dates.
See also
Computer Pioneer Award
IEEE John von Neumann Medal
Grace Murray Hopper Award
History of computing
History of computing hardware
History of computing hardware (1960s–present)
History of software
List of computer science awards
List of computer scientists
List of Internet pioneers
List of people considered father or mother of a field § Computing
The Man Who Invented the Computer (2010 book)
List of Russian IT developers
List of Women in Technology International Hall of Fame inductees
Timeline of computing
Turing Award
Women in computing
References
Sources
External links
Internet pioneers
Pioneers
Computer, List
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferranti-Packard%206000
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The FP-6000 was a second-generation mainframe computer developed and built by Ferranti-Packard, the Canadian division of Ferranti, in the early 1960s. It is particularly notable for supporting multitasking, being one of the first commercial machines to do so. Only six FP-6000s were sold before the computer division of Ferranti-Packard was sold off by Ferranti's UK headquarters in 1963, the FP-6000 becoming the basis for the mid-range machines of the ICT 1900, which sold into the thousands in Europe.
Background
What was to become the FP-6000 had its genesis in a Royal Canadian Navy project starting in 1949 called DATAR. For DATAR, Ferranti-Packard (then still known as Ferranti Canada) built an experimental computer to share information among ships in a convoy. Although the prototype was a success, the failure rate of the vacuum tubes was a concern to everyone and Ferranti suggested they re-build the machine using transistors instead. DATAR ran out of funds before this conversion could take place, but Ferranti put the experience to good use in a series of one-off transistorized machines. One such example was a cheque sorting system built for the Federal Reserve Bank, itself a modification of a system developed to sort mail for the Canadian Post Office.
The developmental series eventually culminated in ReserVec. ReserVec was the first computerized reservation system to enter service when it took over all bookings for Air Canada in 1961. Ferranti initially had high hopes for the machine, thinking that it would be successful in Europe if sold by the UK headquarters' sales staff. As had happened many times in the past, however, the UK computer team suffered from a terminal case of not invented here, and decided it was better if they designed their own instead. Their project was never delivered, and ReserVec withered.
Ferranti-Packard was unwilling to simply let the development effort go to waste, and started looking for ways to commercialize the ReserVec hardware into a general purpose mainframe. Ferranti-Packard needed a launch customer to ensure at least one sale, and approached the Federal Reserve Bank again, offering a greatly expanded and more flexible system to replace the earlier custom-wired machine they had delivered only a few years earlier in 1958.
Concept
During the late 1950s, Ferranti's UK computer development department was heavily involved in the development of computer circuitry based on the use of magnetic amplifiers. These were a 1950s replacement for transistors; at that time transistors were extremely expensive and still had reliability issues. Magnetic amplifiers were larger than transistors but had the advantage of allowing a single amplifier to be shared among several circuits, lowering component counts. When newer transistors were introduced at lower price points, interest in magnetic amplifiers disappeared almost overnight.
Ken Johnson, an engineer at Ferranti's computer division in Manchester, noticed that it would be po
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WZC
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WZC may refer to:
Wireless Zero Configuration, a component of modern Microsoft Windows operating systems
World Zionist Congress, a gathering organised by the World Zionist Organization
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A4lsingland%20Rune%20Inscription%2021
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The Hälsingland Runic Inscription 21 is a Viking Age memorial runestone cataloged as Hs 21 under Rundata, located in Jättendal, Nordanstig Municipality, Hälsingland, Sweden. It is notable for being crafted by a female runemaster.
Description
This runestone consists of runic text carved within a band that curves along the stone. The granite runestone, which is two meters in height, is classified as being carved in a runestone style known as RAK. The inscription states that the runemaster, Gunnborga, "painted" the runes. She is the only known female rune carver during this time period in Scandinavia. The runic text uses the word fahido, "painted", also translated as "carved" or "inscribed." Although many runestones had their inscriptions painted, there is no direct evidence that this particular runestone was painted.
Of the personal names in the inscription, Ásmundr means "Divine Hand" and Farthegn means either "Far-Travelling Thegn" or "Far-Traveling Warrior." The name Thorketill or Þorketil, which includes as a theophoric name element the Norse pagan god Thor, signifies a "Vessel of Thor" or "Kettle of Thor", possibly a type of sacrificial cauldron. The Poetic Edda poem Hymiskviða includes a story of Thor fetching a large cauldron to brew ale.
Inscription
A transliteration of the runic inscription into roman letters is:
asmuntr * ok fa[r]þ[i]k[l] * þiʀ ritu stin * þina * aftiʀ þu[rkatil * faþur sin * a utrunkum * k]unburka faþ[i stin þina in kuþa]
See also
List of runestones
References
External links
Image of this runestone from The Swedish National Heritage Board
Hälsingland Runic Inscription 021
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20island
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A data island is a data store, such as on a PDA or other computing device, that has non-existent or limited external connectivity. This limits the ability of the user to synchronize with or copy the data to other devices. Though new data can be added to the system, the ability to move that data elsewhere is impractical or impossible. Data islands, in general, contain a very huge set of data relative to its small physical space that it occupies.
The connectivity here does not necessarily imply a hardware interface. For example, it may be a result of poorly written system interface software.
A data island is a subset of entities that are connected to each other via relationships, but that are independent of other entities within the same data store.
References
Data synchronization
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20Union%20Agency%20for%20Cybersecurity
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The European Union Agency for Cybersecurity – self-designation ENISA from the abbreviation of its original name – is an agency of the European Union. It is fully operational since September 1, 2005. The Agency is located in Athens, Greece and has offices in Brussels, Belgium and Heraklion, Greece.
ENISA was created in 2004 by EU Regulation No 460/2004 under the name of European Network and Information Security Agency. ENISA's Regulation is the EU Regulation No 2019/881 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 April 2019 on ENISA (the European Union Agency for Cybersecurity) and on information and communications technology cybersecurity certification and repealing EU Regulation No 526/2013 (Cybersecurity Act).
ENISA, is the Union’s agency dedicated to achieving a high common level of cybersecurity across Europe. Established in 2004 and strengthened by the EU Cybersecurity Act, the European Union Agency for Cybersecurity contributes to EU cyber policy, enhances the trustworthiness of ICT products, services and processes with cybersecurity certification schemes, cooperates with Member States and EU bodies, and helps Europe prepare for the cyber challenges of tomorrow. Through knowledge sharing, capacity building and awareness raising, the Agency works together with its key stakeholders to strengthen trust in the connected economy, to boost resilience of the Union’s infrastructure, and, ultimately, to keep Europe’s society and citizens digitally secure.
Organisation
ENISA is managed by the executive director and supported by a staff composed of experts representing stakeholders such as the information and communication technologies industry, consumer groups and academic experts. The agency is overseen by the executive board and the management board, which are composed of representatives from the EU member states, the EU Commission and other stakeholders.
Set up in 2004 as an informal point of reference into the member states, as of 27 June 2019 the National Liaison Officers network has become a statutory body of ENISA. The National Liaison Officers Network facilitates the exchange of information between ENISA and the member states. The agency is also assisted by the Advisory Group which is composed of “nominated members” and members appointed “ad personam”, all in total 33 members from all over Europe. The advisory group focuses on issues relevant to stakeholders and brings them to the attention of ENISA.
In order to carry out its tasks, the agency has a budget of nearly €17 million for the year 2019 and 109 statutory staff members. In addition, the agency employs a number of other employees including seconded national experts, trainees and interim agents. There are plans for additional experts to be integrated into the agency following the entering into force of Regulation 2019/881.
History
In 2007, European Commissioner Viviane Reding proposed that ENISA be folded into a new European Electronic Communications Marke
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila%E2%80%93Cavite%20Expressway
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The Manila–Cavite Expressway (more popularly known as CAVITEX), signed as E3 of the Philippine expressway network and R-1 of Metro Manila's arterial road network, is a controlled-access toll expressway linking Manila to the southern province of Cavite in the Philippines. At its north end, it feeds into and from Roxas Boulevard in the city of Parañaque in Metro Manila, also part of R-1. At the south end, it splits into two termini, both along the north coast in Kawit, Cavite. The first feeds into the intersection of Tirona Highway and Antero Soriano Highway. The second southern terminus is on the intersection of Tirona Highway, Antero Soriano Highway and Covelandia Road in Kawit, Cavite.
The expressway also serves as a major utility corridor, carrying various high voltage power lines and water pipelines across the densely populated areas of Parañaque and Las Piñas. The final section of the Dasmariñas–Las Piñas Transmission Line and Las Piñas substation of National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP) were placed beside the highway. Meralco also has subtransmission lines on tall steel poles placed along the highway, and Maynilad also has pipelines along the route.
CAVITEX is operated and maintained by the Public Estates Authority Tollway Corporation (PEATC), a non-chartered government-owned and controlled corporation (GOCC), a subsidiary of the Public Estates Authority (PEA), a government agency under the Office of the President, and is in a joint venture with the Cavite Infrastructure Corporation, a unit of Metro Pacific Investments Corporation (MPIC).
Route description
The Manila–Cavite Expressway follows a mostly curving route on the southwestern shore of Manila Bay, and the Bacoor–Kawit extension is built on reclaimed land near the coastal barangays of Bacoor. The road uses a barrier toll system, which involves toll barriers at entry points and no toll collection at the exit points, except at the Kawit and Parañaque toll plazas. The expressway is a physical extension of Roxas Boulevard. Lane count is usually 4 lanes for the NAIA Road–Bacoor section (the original route of the expressway known as Coastal Road) per direction and 2 lanes at the Bacoor–Kawit segment (known as the Kawit extension) per direction.
The expressway starts at the traffic light intersection with NAIA Road, Roxas Boulevard, and New Seaside Drive in Barangay Tambo. Past the intersection is an eastbound entrance and westbound exit of NAIA Expressway, opened in 2016. The only at-grade intersection of the expressway then comes at its intersection with Pacific Avenue, where southbound motorists are also carried by the Pacific Avenue flyover. An entry point to the northbound from the Kabihasnan area of Parañaque is found before the approach to the Parañaque toll plaza. The expressway widens on approach to the Parañaque toll plaza, where tolls for southbound motorists are collected. After Parañaque toll plaza is a right-in/right-out interchange with the Circumferential
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KTLN-TV
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KTLN-TV (channel 68) is a television station licensed to Palo Alto, California, United States, serving the San Francisco Bay Area as an owned-and-operated station of the classic television network Heroes & Icons. It is owned by Weigel Broadcasting alongside San Jose-licensed low-power, Class A Catchy Comedy owned-and-operated station KAXT-CD (channel 1). Both stations share studios on Pelican Way in San Rafael, and transmitter facilities on Mount Allison.
Even though KTLN-TV is licensed as a full-power station, it shares spectrum with KAXT-CD, whose low-power broadcasting radius does not cover all of the San Francisco Bay Area. Therefore, it relies on cable and satellite carriage to reach the entire market. However, KTLN-TV shares MeTV with independent station KPYX's (channel 44) third subchannel, which has a stronger signal than KTLN.
History
Originally, Christian Communications of Chicagoland (then-owners of WCFC-TV, now Ion Television owned-and-operated station WCPX-TV) owned KTLN outright. It was formerly licensed to the Marin County community of Novato. CCC filed to sell the station to OTA Broadcasting, a company controlled by Michael Dell's MSD Capital, in June 2011. The sale was completed on October 6, 2011; as part of the deal, CCC continued to operate KTLN via a local marketing agreement (LMA).
Weigel Broadcasting agreed to acquire KTLN-TV and KAXT-CD, along with KVOS-TV and KFFV in Seattle, from OTA Broadcasting in a $23.2 million deal on October 18, 2017. The station was temporarily off the air as of June 2018.
The station sale to Weigel was completed on April 15, 2019. At midnight on April 17, KTLN returned on the air carrying high definition signals of Heroes & Icons on 68.1, and MeTV on 68.2.
Technical information
Subchannels
The station's digital signal is multiplexed:
Analog-to-digital conversion
KTLN-TV shut down its analog signal, over UHF channel 68, on June 12, 2009, as part of the federally mandated transition from analog to digital television. The station's digital signal remained on its pre-transition UHF channel 47, using PSIP to display KTLN-TV's virtual channel as 68 on digital television receivers, which was among the high band UHF channels (52-69) that were removed from broadcasting use as a result of the transition.
References
External links
Television channels and stations established in 1998
1998 establishments in California
Heroes & Icons affiliates
MeTV affiliates
Story Television affiliates
TLN-TV
Companies based in San Rafael, California
Weigel Broadcasting
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KEST
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KEST (1450 AM) is a brokered-time radio station in San Francisco, California. Most of the station's programming is in Asian languages, including Mandarin and Cantonese. It also airs some South Asian, Greek, and German programs as well as New Age shows in English. KEST, then called KSOL, was one of the first full-time "rhythm and blues" radio stations in the U.S. That station employed disc jockey Sylvester Stewart, later known as Sly Stone of Sly and the Family Stone recording fame.
Multicultural Radio owns KEST and numerous ethnic stations nationwide, including five in New York City. KEST transmits with 1,000 watts by day and 960 watts at night. It shares a transmitter site with KSFB 1260 AM, off Bayview Park Road, near the Bayshore Freeway (U.S. Route 101) in San Francisco.
History
KGTT, KGGC and KSAN
The station first signed on, with the call sign KGTT, on November 30, 1925. A few years later, it switched its call letters to KGGC, which stood for the Golden Gate Broadcasting Company. It was among the first stations on the air in San Francisco. In the 1930s, it was powered at only 100 watts and had to share time with other stations on its frequency of 1420 kilocycles. It was bought in 1939 by Sherwood Patterson, who changed the call letters to KSAN.
After the 1941 enactment of the North American Regional Broadcasting Agreement (NARBA), where many stations switched their dial positions, KSAN moved the dial to 1450 kHz. New studios were constructed in the Merchandise Mart near Market Street, and a 250-watt transmitter was installed in a tower on top of the building.
R&B and Soul
In 1958, KSAN switched to a full-time rhythm and blues music format, targeting black listeners in the Bay Area, the first station on the local dial to broadcast R&B around the clock. KSAN's transmitter was on top of the Merchandise Mart building on Market Street, where the studios were located. Until the 1950s, San Francisco radio stations devoted little time to "ethnic" programming, except for KSAN and KWBR, which also broadcast programs intended for the Chinese, Italian, Portuguese, German, and Japanese communities.
On July 3, 1964, KSAN was sold to John F. (Les) Malloy and Delmor A. (Del) Courtney, two well-known San Francisco radio and television personalities. Malloy was a local radio star for many years and hosted a popular TV talk show on KGO-TV in the 1950s, while Courtney found fame as a bandleader and personality on KSFO. With Malloy as president and general manager, KSAN became KSOL under new ownership, hoping to better emphasize its "Soul Radio" format until September 1970. KSOL helped launch the career of popular 1960s and 1970s musician Sly Stone, who was one of the station's DJs
KEST
With urban contemporary stations on the FM dial by the 1970s, KSAN concentrated on other underserved communities in the Bay Area, including ethnic groups looking for radio programming in their language. The station became KEST. In 1974, KEST changed its format to
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew%20Schloss
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Andrew Schloss ( Walter Andrew Schloss; born 1952 Hartford, Connecticut) is an American musician and computer engineer.
Career
Schloss is perhaps best known for his work with the radiodrum, a three-dimensional midi-controller. Schloss is a pioneer in computer-music technology, and worked at IRCAM and the CCRMA in the 1980s. He has performed with Léon Theremin, Laurie Anderson, Tito Puente, Chucho Valdés, David A. Jaffe and Peter Brook. He has collaborated extensively with David A. Jaffe, who has composed a variety of works for him, including "The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World," for radiodrum-performed Disklavier and ensemble. Schloss teaches at the University of Victoria and heads the Music Computer Science joint degree program.
Schloss earned a PhD in 1985 from Stanford University, where he worked at CCRMA – the Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics.
Selected technography
<li>
<li>
<li> Part 1: "Sonata "Sacre"
<li> Part 2: "The Most Religious"
<li> Part 3: "Reversed Orbits"
<li> Part 4: "Oracular and Prophetic"
<li> Part 5: "Edible Trance"
Centaur CRC 2190
Discogs release ID 1773079.
Allmusic album ID mw0001371262.
Bibliography
Notes
References
, , .
(article).
.
Primary sources
External links
Discogs artist ID 1773079.
1952 births
Video game musicians
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Video game composers
American electronic musicians
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KMKY%20%28AM%29
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KMKY (1310 AM) is a radio station licensed to Oakland, California that broadcasts with 5,000 watts. It calls itself "Radio Punjab" and airs programming in Hindi and Punjabi aimed at the San Francisco Bay Area's South Asian community. It is owned by Charanjit Batth, through licensee Radio Punjab AM 1310 Inc. Its transmitter is located in Oakland near the toll plaza for the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge.
The 1310 AM frequency from 1959 to 1997 was the home of Urban adult contemporary and Gospel music KDIA. It later served as the San Francisco home of Radio Disney from 1997 to 2015, using the call sign KMKY, the last three letters standing for the Disney character Mickey Mouse.
History
KMKY is the second-oldest surviving radio station in the Bay Area. It began as KLS on March 10, 1922 on 1200 kHz. It moved to 1220 kHz in 1927 then 1440 kHz in 1928. It moved to 1280 kHz in 1937 then 1310 kHz in 1941 as a result of the NARBA agreement. In 1945, when the station was owned by the Warner Brothers of Oakland, no relation to the movie studio, it changed its call letters to KWBR and changed its format to focus on an African-American audience. In 1959, it was bought by the owners of Memphis radio station WDIA, and the call letters were changed to KDIA. During the 1960s through the 1980s, the station was the premier soul and funk station in the San Francisco Bay Area. Sly Stone was a DJ at the station before launching Sly and the Family Stone.
In December 1984, the station was sold to Adam Clayton Powell III, who turned the station into KFYI, with an all-news format backed by a 32-member news team. After Powell failed to make payroll for KFYI — having lost a reported $4-million in funding invested by Aetna Insurance in less than six months on the air — the station went silent on April 9, 1985. It returned to air in July, however, having reclaimed its legacy KDIA call letters, while resuming its Urban Music format.
In the early 1990s, KDIA was co-owned by then mayor of Oakland, California, Elihu Harris, with then California Assembly Speaker Willie Brown. In 1992, the late Oakland journalist Chauncey Bailey returned to the Bay Area to work as public affairs director and newscaster on KDIA. Bailey later became the editor of the Oakland Post who was murdered on the streets of downtown Oakland. KDIA changed from gospel music to Radio Disney on December 15, 1997, when the station was sold to The Walt Disney Company. KDIA's first song as Radio Disney was "Cruella de Vil" from One Hundred and One Dalmatians.
On August 13, 2014, Disney put KMKY and 22 other Radio Disney stations up for sale, in order to focus more on digital distribution of the Radio Disney network.
On June 24, 2015, RD San Francisco Assets filed an application to sell KMKY to Radio Mirchi, for $600,000. The sale was completed on October 6, 2015. Radio Disney programming for the region later moved to the KLLC HD3 digital subchannel, where it aired until June 2018.
References
External link
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WCUE
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WCUE (1150 AM) is a non-commercial radio station licensed to serve Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, carrying a Christian format as a repeater for the Family Radio network. Owned by Family Stations, Inc., the station services the Akron metro area. WCUE does not originate any local programming. Both WCUE's studios and station transmitter are located in Cuyahoga Falls.
WCUE airs several Christian ministry broadcasts from noted teachers such as RC Sproul, Alistair Begg, Ken Ham, John F. MacArthur, Adriel Sanchez, Dennis Rainey, John Piper, & others as well as traditional and modern hymns & songs by Keith & Kristyn Getty, The Master's Chorale, Fernando Ortega, Chris Rice, Shane & Shane, Sovereign Grace Music, Sara Groves, & multiple other Christian and Gospel music artists.
History
WCUE began in 1949 as a daytime-only station licensed to Akron, Ohio; the station callsign referred to a musical cue. In 1963, the station's city of license was assigned to Cuyahoga Falls. In the 1970s, WCUE aired a Top 40 format. In 1981, WCUE Radio, Inc. sold WCUE to Sackett Broadcasting Company; Sackett then installed the Music of Your Life format aimed at older adults. By 1984, WCUE was airing middle of the road music; Jerry Healey was among the on-air personalities heard during these later years.
On October 22, 1986, Sackett Broadcasting donated WCUE to Family Radio of Oakland, California. The daytime power was increased from 1,000 to 2,500 watts in 1988 and then to 5,000 watts in 1990. In 2000, the license transitioned from commercial to non-commercial status. In 2002, Family Radio obtained a main station waiver, allowing WCUE to function solely as a repeater for the Family Radio network.
Current programming
WCUE does not air local programming; all content is transmitted via satellite by the Family Radio network.
References
External links
CUE
Family Radio stations
CUE
Radio stations established in 1949
1949 establishments in Ohio
Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newsbeat
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Newsbeat is the BBC's radio news programme broadcast on Radio 1, 1Xtra and Asian Network. Newsbeat is produced by BBC News but differs from the BBC's other news programmes in its remit to provide news tailored for young people.
The fifteen-minute Newsbeat programme is broadcast at 12:45 and 17:45 during the week on Radio 1, 1Xtra and Asian Network. Short bulletins are also heard throughout the day on three stations on the half-hour with extra bulletins broadcast at peak times.
History
BBC Radio 1's remit as a public service broadcaster meant it had to broadcast news. Newsbeat was launched on 10 September 1973 in response to the launch of a network of commercial radio stations across the UK which supplied a news service very different from the style of traditional BBC News. The programme's first presenter was the Radio 1 DJ Ed Stewart and he was succeeded by Laurie Mayer and Richard Skinner.
Although unconfirmed by the BBC, it is widely thought that the name "Newsbeat" was taken from the Radio Caroline news service of the same name, as was the concept of short bulletins on the half-hour. Caroline first used the name (and broadcast half-hourly headlines) in the 1960s. Roger Gale, who had previously worked on Radio Caroline North, was one of the show's first producers. The launch editor was Mike Chaney.
Until the start of the 21st century, the Newsbeat brand was only used for the 15-minute lunchtime and teatime bulletins as all other news bulletins, which were always broadcast at half-past the hour, were branded as Radio 1 News. Also, for the first four years of the 1990s, Newsbeat was only broadcast at lunchtime as the evening bulletin was a 30-minute programme called News 90/91/92/93.
Following changes in September 2012, the vast majority of Newsbeat bulletins are simulcast on both BBC Radio 1 and 1Xtra. Previously, bulletins on 1Xtra were bespoke and branded as '1Xtra News', with bulletins on the half-hour (as with Newsbeat), but with 15 minute programmes at 12:30 and 5:30, a quarter of an hour before the Radio 1 equivalents. Each station continues to have bespoke bulletins during the weekday breakfast show, before shared bulletins begin at 10:30.
Newsbeat won Gold for Best News & Current Affairs Programme at the Radio Academy Awards on 13 May 2013.
It is believed that BBC World Service will pilot a global edition of Newsbeat, a bulletin aimed on the station aimed at younger listeners.
Newsbeat's The Story of Izzy Dix was named Podcast of the Year at the UK ARIAS 2016. Newsbeat also won Best News Coverage at the awards in 2021.
In 2021 it was announced Newsbeat will relocate to Birmingham, signalling the departure of many on air staff and editor Debbie Ramsay. The move took place in the autumn of 2022.
Bulletins
Newsbeat has short bulletins broadcast on Radio 1 and 1Xtra (Asian Network was added and merged due to staff shortages, as well as the BBC wanting to streamline news during the COVID-19 pandemic) throughout the day, as well as
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAT-7
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SAT-7 is a Christian satellite television network broadcasting in Arabic, Persian and Turkish across 25 countries in the Middle East and North Africa, along with about 50 countries in Europe. SAT-7 was founded as a nonprofit organization in 1995 with support from Middle Eastern churches. SAT-7 is the first, oldest and largest Christian satellite organization operating in the Middle East and North Africa. Founder and President Dr. Terence Ascott served as International CEO from 1995 - 2019. In April 2019, SAT-7 appointed Rita El-Mounayer as International CEO. The not-for-profit organization is governed by an international volunteer board.
Network and channels
The network consists of four channels: SAT-7 Arabic, SAT-7 Kids (Arabic language), SAT-7 Pars (Persian language), and SAT-7 Türk (Turkish language). SAT-7 Academy, an Arabic complementary educational brand, airs programs on the SAT-7 Kids and SAT-7 Arabic channels. More than 80% of programming is produced in the Middle East by Middle Easterners. A wide variety of genres are employed, including dramas, music videos, films, cartoons, game shows, teaching programs, documentaries, talk shows and current events programs.
SAT-7 programming is available "free to air" to any viewer with access to a television and satellite connection within satellite coverage areas. Estimates indicate about 90% of households in the region have access to a television and an average of 55-60% have access to satellite. In countries such as Iraq, satellite access is approaching 90% of the population. An independent survey indicated 1 in 3 Iraqi children and 1 in 4 Saudi Arabian children watch SAT-7 Kids. In 2018, the overall viewing audience of its channels is estimated at over 25 million.
SAT-7 is financially supported by interested individuals, churches, corporations and foundations from the Middle East and North Africa and around the world. The organization's mission is advanced by support offices: SAT-7 Brasil, SAT-7 Canada, SAT-7 Europe, SAT-7 Hong Kong, SAT-7 UK, and SAT-7 USA Rex M. Rogers. SAT-7 USA is a 501(c)3 organization at SAT-7 USA English language home page.
SAT-7 international headquarters is located in Nicosia, Cyprus.
SAT-7 Arabic
SAT-7 Arabic launched on 31 May 1996, to provide Arab language Christian programming with blocks of programming specifically for children, youth, and women.
SAT-7 Kids
SAT-7 Kids launched on 10 December 2007. It aims to make Christian programming available to an entire generation of Arab children.
SAT-7 Pars
SAT-7 Pars launched on 18 December 2006, although Persian broadcasts began on 12 September 2002 on SAT-7 ARABIC.
SAT-7 Türk
SAT-7 has been broadcasting Turkish-language programs from its sister channel, Türk-7, for several years beginning in January 2006.
In January 2010 the Turkish ministry merged with SAT-7 to become its fourth channel – SAT-7 Türk. The channel began broadcasting on the Türksat 4A satellite on 31 December 2014.
SAT-7 Academy
SAT-7 Acad
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greatest%20Hits%20Radio%20Lancashire
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Greatest Hits Radio Lancashire is an Independent Local Radio station based in Manchester, England, owned and operated by Bauer as part of the Greatest Hits Radio network. It broadcasts to Lancashire and North West England.
As of September 2023, the station has a weekly audience of 94,000 listeners according to RAJAR.
History
The radio station launched as Red Rose Radio on 5 October 1982 at 6:00am on 301 metres medium wave (999 kHz) and 97.3 VHF stereo, broadcasting from a converted church (St Paul's) at St. Pauls Square in Preston, Lancashire. The station's first presenter on air was Dave Lincoln - the first record played was "Evergreen" by Barbra Streisand. Other early presenters on the station included Dave Lincoln, Allan Beswick, Sally Moon, Derek Webster, Keith Macklin, Russell Harty and Steve Collins. At this point it was owned by Trans World Communications.
On 1 June 1990, Red Rose Radio split into two stations - the FM service became Red Rose Rock FM (now known as Rock FM, while the AM service became Red Rose Gold playing music from the 1960s to the 1980s, as well as airing other specialist shows. Programming director John Myers hired Colin Lamont, under his on-air pseudonym Scottie McClue, to present the late-night phone-in.
In 1994, Red Rose Gold and Red Rose Rock FM were bought by the Emap group. Towards the mid to late 1990s, Red Rose Gold became Red Rose 999, before morphing into Magic 999 to fall in line with all other Emap-owned AM stations which had all been renamed Magic.
Networking at the station was introduced in late 2001 when mid-morning, evening and overnight shows from Magic 105.4 in London begun simulcasting. Towards the end of 2002, listeners were told to contact a special hotline to voice their views about what they think of the station. Around the same time, forthcoming changes to the station were announced such as new programming, a broader music policy and introducing dedicated newsreaders (rather than the local presenters having to be newsreaders, as was the case for a few months). These changes came into effect on Monday 6 January 2003. More locally produced programming was introduced although output from Newcastle, Manchester and Liverpool continued to feature in the station's schedule.
From July 2006, more networking was introduced across the Northern Magic AM network which meant only 4 hours a day was to be presented from the local studios, between 06:00 and 10:00am. In April 2012 Magic 999, inline with the majority of other Magic North stations, dropped local weekend breakfast shows.
Between March 2013 and December 2014, weekday breakfast was syndicated from Piccadilly Magic 1152 in Manchester. No programming originates from local studios in Preston, apart from local news and traffic bulletins.
On 5 January 2015, Magic 999 was rebranded as Rock FM 2 as part of a revamp of the Bauer network and all programming is networked with the other Bauer AM stations in the North although local news, weather and trave
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Deeks
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John "Deeksie" Deeks (born 1 May 1951) is an Australian former television, radio presenter and the long-time voice over artist on HSV-7 for the Seven Network (known as the 'voice of Channel 7'), where he has been working since 1975 based in Melbourne.
Biography
For many years Deeks was the announcer who said "Come on Down!" on the Australian version of game show The Price Is Right, although frequently the program's host Ian Turpie is erroneously named as the person to voice the phrase. Deeks was also the announcer on game show Man O Man and presented the Tattslotto lottery draw for many years.
He has acted as announcer on several popular programs, making his voice and style highly recognisable, leading to his being cast as voice over artist in recreations of game shows in some dramatic works.
He is best known as the announcer of the now-defunct Wheel of Fortune (which he joined in 1984), on the Seven Network. During Deeks' time on Wheel of Fortune he would travel to Adelaide where the show was taped between 1981 and 1996, (as did the show's host John Burgess who would travel from his home in Perth. Hostess and letter-turner Adriana Xenides lived in Adelaide) each weekend to work on the show and often used his comedic skills to entertain the studio audience between takes.
Deeks departed Wheel of Fortune in 1996 to host Family Feud, taking over from Rob Brough. After Family Feud was cancelled later that year, Deeks returned to his old gig as Wheel of Fortune'''s voice-over man, which continued until the show's cancellation on 28 July 2006, at which point Deeks was offered a position at the Collingwood Football Club, which he accepted.
In addition to providing the audience warm-up for Australia's Got Talent, Wheel of Fortune and Deal or No Deal, "Deeksie"' is a continuity announcer for Seven Network stations across Australia, voicing trails, promos and ratings & announcements. He also voices commercials for Australian retailers such as JB Hi-Fi.
Deeks is also a former co-host of radio program Family Counsellor'' on 3UZ. He also broadcast on 3DB.
He also does the introduction to Wil Anderson & Charlie Clausen's podcast TOFOP.
References
External links
Australian game show hosts
Australian male voice actors
Living people
Television personalities from Melbourne
Radio and television announcers
1951 births
2UE presenters
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axis%20Communications
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Axis Communications AB is a Swedish manufacturer of network cameras, access control, and network audio devices for the physical security and video surveillance industries. Since 2015, it operates as an independent subsidiary of Canon Inc.
History
Axis Communications was founded in 1984 by Martin Gren, Mikael Karlsson and Keith Bloodworth in Lund, Sweden. The company developed and sold protocol converters and printer interfaces for the connection of PC printers in IBM mainframe and mini-computer environments. By the end of the 1980s, Axis Communications had opened its first U.S. sales office in Boston, Massachusetts and, in the early 1990s, started shifting its focus away from IBM mainframes towards networking and the TCP/IP protocol.
In 1991, Axis Communications introduced a multi-protocol print server supporting both TCP/IP and NetWare. In 1993, the company developed its own CPU Architecture, ETRAX CRIS, for microprocessors used in embedded devices. In 1995, the company introduced a file server independent, multi-protocol CD-ROM server, supporting TCP/IP (NFS) and Windows (SMB), for Ethernet networks, the AXIS 850. By 1995, Axis Communications opened sales offices in Hong Kong, Singapore, and Tokyo, Japan.
In 1996, Axis Communications introduced the industry's first network camera, the AXIS 200. This was followed in 1999 by the AXIS 2100 which was the first volume product using an embedded Linux. In 2003, the company introduced the AXIS 205, the smallest network camera of its time.
In 2008, Axis Communications, together with Bosch and Sony, announced that the companies would cooperate to standardize the interface of network video products and form a new industry standards body called ONVIF (Open Network Video Interface Forum).
On 10 February 2015, Japanese multinational corporation Canon Inc., which specializes in the manufacture of imaging and optical products, announced a cash bid of 23.6 billion Swedish kronor (US$2.83 billion) to acquire Axis Communications. While Canon is the majority shareholder, Axis is run independently. Canon's network cameras have been sold and supported by Axis Communications in the EMEA (Europe, the Middle East and Africa) region since September 1, 2016, and in North America since October 1, 2016. In November 2018, Axis Communications was delisted from Nasdaq Stockholm.
On February 1, 2016, Axis Communications acquired Citilog, a video analytics provider for traffic and transportation security and safety applications. On April 30, 2021, Axis Communications announced that it was selling Citilog, citing challenges in finding "desired synergies because of our different go-to-market models." On May 30, Axis Communications acquired 2N Telecommunications, a provider of IP intercom systems based in the Czech Republic. On June 3, 2016, Axis Communications acquired Cognimatics, a video analytics provider for retail applications such as people counting, queue measurement and occupancy estimation.
In May 2018, Axis open
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History2%20%28Canadian%20TV%20channel%29
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History2 is a Canadian English language discretionary specialty channel dedicated to airing historic and non-historical programming of military, science, and technology interest. The channel is owned by Men TV General Partnership, a subsidiary of Corus Entertainment, with its name licensed from the U.S. company, A&E Networks, owners of the brand.
History
In November 2000, Groupe TVA and Canwest (through its subsidiary Global Television Network Inc.) were granted approval from the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) to launch a television channel called Men TV, described as "a national English-language Category 1 specialty television service dedicated to men's lifestyle. It will provide programming related to the luxury market, the gourmet market, men's beauty and fitness, the book and music market, outdoor adventures and leisure sports, from a Canadian men's perspective."
The channel launched on September 7, 2001, under a slightly modified name, mentv. Despite Canwest's 49% minority interest in the service, Canwest was the managing partner of the channel from its inception until September 2008, when managing operations were handed over to Groupe TVA, who owned a 51% stake in the service.
Throughout its history as mentv, the channel maintained a programming slate of general interest programming aimed at a male audience. Programming included series focusing on themes such as crime and mystery, cuisine, leisure sports such as extreme sports and fishing, technology, and more. Due in part to the channel's licence requirements, the majority of the programming were documentary, reality series, talk shows, and other such non-scripted programming. Scripted programming such as films, variety shows, comedies, and television dramas did also air on the channel, however.
In 2004, a complaint by the Canadian Association of Broadcasters on behalf of Canwest was filed against the Canadian carriage of the U.S. cable network Spike, which had recently relaunched from TNN with a male-skewing entertainment format. It argued that the network's carriage in Canada would harm mentv due to an alleged overlap between its programming scope with it and several other Canadian channels. The CRTC dismissed the complaint, arguing that Spike did not directly compete with mentv because it was merely an entertainment network aimed at a male audience, while mentv was oriented primarily towards lifestyle programs targeting a male audience.
On August 2, 2010, with little marketing initiative behind it and little notice from the press, mentv was quietly rebranded The Cave, while maintaining mentv's programming strategy of a lifestyle service aimed at men. On October 27, 2010, Shaw Communications gained a 49% stake in the channel as a result of its acquisition of Canwest.
On December 22, 2011, Groupe TVA announced its intention to sell its share of The Cave and Mystery TV to Shaw Communications, giving Shaw full control of the two channels. It was re
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart%27s%20Inner%20Child
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"Bart's Inner Child" is the seventh episode of the fifth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on November 11, 1993. In the episode, Marge — realizing her excessive nagging spoils the family's fun — seeks help from self-help guru Brad Goodman. He praises Bart's irreverent attitude and encourages his followers to emulate Bart's care-free antics. Soon everyone in Springfield starts to act like Bart, who feels that his role as a troublemaker is usurped. After the inaugural "Do What You Feel Festival" ends in calamity and a riot, the town decides to stop acting like Bart.
The episode was written by George Meyer and directed by Bob Anderson — his first time directing the show. Actor Albert Brooks guest stars in the episode as Brad Goodman, a self-help guru modelled after John Bradshaw. It was Brooks' third of ten appearances in the Simpsons franchise. Singer James Brown guest stars as himself; he sings his 1965 song "I Got You (I Feel Good)". In 2006, Brooks was named the best Simpsons guest star by IGN, while Brown's appearance has been described as "hilariously over-the-top".
The episode features cultural references to several films, television shows, and songs, including the 1939 film Gone with the Wind, Scott Joplin's piano rag "The Entertainer", and the Wile E. Coyote and Road Runner cartoons.
In its original broadcast, "Bart's Inner Child" finished 40th in the weekly ratings with a Nielsen rating of 11.8, and was viewed in 11.12 million households.
Plot
Krusty gives a free trampoline to Homer, who places it in the Simpsons' backyard. Bart and Lisa are thrilled, but Marge frets it may be dangerous. Homer ignores her fretting and charges neighbors a fee to use it. When scores of people are injured, Homer heeds Marge's advice to get rid of the trampoline. After several failed attempts to dispose of it, Bart suggests chaining it to a pole to tempt thieves with the challenge of stealing it. Soon Snake breaks the chain and takes it.
Although he agrees Marge was right about the trampoline, Homer argues that he is at least willing to go out and try new things while she is considered a bore who nags too much. When Bart and Lisa agree with Homer's assessment, Marge is angrier and visits Patty and Selma. They show her an infomercial featuring self-help guru Brad Goodman to help conquer her chronic nagging. After Marge and Homer watch a Brad Goodman video, they learn to express their frustrations with each other using self-help language and get along better.
The Simpsons attend a Brad Goodman lecture, hoping they will learn how to curb Bart's unruly behavior. When Bart interrupts the lecture, Brad Goodman, who acts more like a director than a psychiatrist, praises him as an example of a well-adjusted person and encourages the town to adopt Bart's irreverent and carefree attitude. Soon the whole town begins to act like Bart, doing whatever they please while ignoring t
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heath%20Evans
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Bryan Heath Evans (born December 30, 1978) is a former American football fullback and former analyst on NFL Network. After playing college football at Auburn he was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the third round of the 2001 NFL Draft. He also played for the Miami Dolphins, New England Patriots, and New Orleans Saints, the last of which he won a Super Bowl with while on injured reserve. Evans retired after the 2010 season and was formerly an analyst with NFL Network.
Early years
While attending The King's Academy in West Palm Beach, Evans lettered in football and basketball. In football, he was a two-time All-State selection as a tailback. During a game his junior year, Heath was once tackled in the backfield by Tom Segura.
College career
Evans attended Auburn University. In football, he finished his three-year career with 149 rushing attempts for 626 yards (4.2 yards per rush) and six touchdowns, and 30 receptions for 354 yards (11.8 yards per reception) and a touchdown.
Professional career
Seattle Seahawks
Evans was the first fullback taken in the 2001 NFL Draft, with the Seahawks selecting him in the third round (82nd overall). Evans spent four years in Seattle blocking for running back Shaun Alexander.
Miami Dolphins
Evans signed with the Miami Dolphins in the spring of 2005. While in Miami, Evans was re-united with former Auburn tailback Ronnie Brown (with whom he was a teammate in 2000), but was cut six weeks into the season.
New England Patriots
One week later, the New England Patriots signed Evans for the remainder of the 2005 season. On November 16, he filled in for an injured Corey Dillon at tailback against his former team and rushed for 84 yards on 17 carries and caught 3 passes for 18 yards, subsequently leading the Patriots to victory. On March 23, 2006, the Patriots re-signed Evans as an unrestricted free agent to another one-year contract.
During the 2006 season, Evans ran for 117 yards on 27 carries. He also caught 7 passes for 34 yards. In week 5 against the Dolphins, Evans scored his first career touchdown on a 1-yard reception from Tom Brady. Two weeks later against the Minnesota Vikings, Evans recorded his career long carry of 35 yards. Against the San Diego Chargers in the playoffs, Evans recorded 3 special team tackles in the Patriots' 24-21 upset. Evans caught 4 passes in the AFC Championship loss to the Colts.
On February 24, 2007, the Patriots announced that Evans signed a two-year contract extension, keeping him off the free agent market. During the pre-season, in a Week 3 scrimmage against the Carolina Panthers, Evans rushed for 58 yards on 7 carries with 1 touchdown and caught 2 receptions for 19 yards and a score. His touchdown run was of 2 yards and his touchdown reception was of 8 yards. In total, he had 77 yards of total offense on 9 touches with 2 touchdowns. Evans rushed for a 2-yard touchdown against the New York Jets in a 38-14 victory in the opening game of the 2007 season.
New Orleans Saints
A
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart%20Gets%20Famous
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"Bart Gets Famous" is the twelfth episode of the fifth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on February 3, 1994. In the episode, Bart gets a job as Krusty the Clown's production assistant. He replaces Sideshow Mel in one of Krusty's skits and accidentally destroys the stage props. When Bart says "I didn't do it," he instantly becomes famous for his catchphrase.
The episode was written by John Swartzwelder and directed by Susie Dietter, which was the first episode of the series to be directed by her. Many characters from the show have catchphrases, and the episode mocks the use of catchphrase-based humor. The writers chose the phrase "I didn't do it" because they wanted a "lousy" phrase "to point out how really crummy things can become really popular". Conan O'Brien, a writer for The Simpsons during the fourth and early part of the fifth season, guest stars as himself. The writers decided to include him in the episode after he received an audition from NBC to replace David Letterman as the host of Late Night.
In its original broadcast, "Bart Gets Famous" finished 40th in ratings with a Nielsen rating of 11.7, and was viewed in 10.74 million households.
Plot
Bored on a class trip to a box factory, Bart escapes to the nearby Channel 6 TV studio, where he encounters Krusty the Clown. Bart swipes a Danish intended for Krusty, who fires his assistant over the missing pastry. Bart steals a Danish from Kent Brockman and gives it to Krusty, who is so grateful that he makes Bart his new assistant.
The cast members treat Bart badly, and he receives no credit for his work. When they use him as a gofer to deliver their lunches, a lactose-intolerant Sideshow Mel becomes sick. Bart is given an opportunity to be on the show and replaces Mel in a skit, but accidentally knocks over several stage props. Dumbstruck by the cameras and onlookers, he says, "I didn't do it." The audience erupts with laughter. As Bart and Krusty are leaving the studio, they both realize Bart has instantly become famous. He is now known as "The I didn't do it kid". Krusty claims the rights to Bart and has him appear in more sketches, and his catchphrase is used as a marketing gimmick and a line of merchandise.
Bart at first enjoys the fame, but soon he gets tired of being a one trick pony and people asking him to "just say the line". During an interview on Late Night with Conan O'Brien, he tries to expand his repertoire, but O'Brien grows impatient and makes him repeat the catchphrase. Bart wants to quit show business, but Marge persuades him to continue performing because he makes people happy. After Bart delivers his catchphrase in another of Krusty's skits, the audience reacts with boredom, so Krusty ditches him.
Marge gives Bart a box of memorabilia to help him remember his brief fame. When Lisa is relieved he is again just her brother instead of "a one-dimensional character with a silly catc
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homer%20and%20Apu
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"Homer and Apu" is the thirteenth episode of the fifth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on February 10, 1994. In the episode, Homer participates in a hidden-camera investigation of spoiled food being sold at the Kwik-E-Mart. The chain's corporate office fires Apu and replaces him with actor James Woods, who is doing research for an upcoming film role. Apu misses his job, so he and Homer travel to India to persuade the head of the Kwik-E-Mart corporation to rehire him.
The episode was written by Greg Daniels and directed by Mark Kirkland. James Woods made a guest appearance as himself. The episode features cultural references to films such as The Hard Way, JFK, and Lawrence of Arabia.
Since airing, the episode has received mostly positive reviews from television critics. It acquired a Nielsen rating of 13.3, and was the highest-rated show on the Fox network the week it aired.
Plot
Several customers at the Kwik-E-Mart become angry because of Apu's high prices on cheap items. Apu scribbles out the expiration date on a package of expired ham from 1989 and then lowers the price instead of throwing it out. Homer contracts food poisoning after eating the expired ham. When he recovers, Homer complains to Apu, who gives him a pair of five-pound buckets of expired shrimp to placate him, which he accepts and becomes ill again. While recovering at home, Homer sees the Channel 6 investigative news program Bite Back with Kent Brockman. Lisa suggests asking the show's producers to investigate the Kwik-E-Mart.
Kent gives Homer a giant novelty hat containing a spy camera to expose Apu for selling expired food. Homer panics and discards the hat after Apu mistakes its electronic buzzing sound for a bee, but the camera catches Apu dropping a hot dog on the floor and returning it to the roller grill. Apu is fired by corporate headquarters — despite complying with their unsanitary food-handling policies — and is replaced by actor James Woods, who is doing research for a role in an upcoming film.
Apu comes to the Simpsons' house, reaching out his arms as if to strangle Homer; however, Apu's posture is merely the traditional form of apology in the Indian village where he was born. Apu hopes to work off his karmic debt for selling Homer expired food by performing household chores for the Simpsons. At first, Homer is reluctant to accept Apu's help, but soon the family appreciates his dutiful behavior.
Though he pretends to be happy, Apu deeply misses his job at the Kwik-E-Mart, so Homer, feeling guilty, accompanies him to the head office in India. There they meet with the head of the Kwik-E-Mart corporation, who grants them only three questions; however, Homer wastes the questions on inane banter. An enraged Apu chokes Homer, who thinks Apu is trying to apologize again.
When Apu returns to the Kwik-E-Mart to confront his fears, a robber bursts into the store with a gun. He sh
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombo%20Radyo%20Philippines
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Bombo Radyo Holdings, Inc. (d/b/a Bombo Radyo Philippines) is a Philippine radio network of the Florete Group of Companies, which also manages banking and pawnshop operations. Its main office and headquarters are located at Florete Bldg., 2406 Nobel corner Edison Streets, Barangay San Isidro, Makati. It operates several stations across the country under the Bombo Radyo and Star FM brands. Currently, most of its stations are licensed to People's Broadcasting Service, Inc. (PBS), while a handful of its AM stations are licensed to Newsounds Broadcasting Network, Inc. (NBN). Consolidated Broadcasting System, Inc. (CBS) formerly served as licensee for some of its FM stations from
1992 until 2018, when PBS took over as their licensee, following the former's non-renewal.
As Bombo, the Spanish language name for a drum, serves as the name of the station, a bass drum serves as the network logo, and its beats are used as its sonic identity, commonly used between breaks during newscasts.
History
Its flagship station, Bombo Radyo Iloilo, based in Iloilo City, was founded on July 6, 1966. Since the beginning of operations, the station's studios were located inside the Florete Building in Mapa Street in Iloilo City Proper, until they were relocated to the Bombo Radyo Broadcast Center alongside Luna Street in La Paz District. The station has been the top radio station since its inception during the 1970s.
DYFM was then part of the Northern Broadcasting Corporation. Don Marcelino, the grand old man of Bombo Radyo, accepted a joint venture agreement with former Ilocos Sur Governor, Antonio D. Villanueva, enabling the station to begin its broadcasts.
From humble beginnings and starting with a small number of employees, the Florete Group then acquired the operations of NBC with ten stations and two affiliates in the whole archipelago. It also entered a management alliance together with Consolidated Broadcasting Systems, Newsounds Broadcasting Network and People's Broadcasting Service. From 1967 to 1975, Bombo Radyo Philippines established every station in Laoag, Vigan, Cauayan, Bacolod, General Santos, Palawan, Baguio, Daet and Davao.
In 1976, Dr. Rogelio Florete, through the advice of his mother Doña Salome Florete, had started to helm the day-to-day operations of Bombo Radyo. In the same year, the network launched its first FM station DYRF. From then on, the network continued to expand to several markets, including the acquisition of DWXB from Universal Broadcasting Network in 1987, which would later on carry the call letters DWSM.
Radio stations
The following is a list of radio stations owned and affiliated by Bombo Radyo Philippines.
Bombo Radyo
Bombo Radyo Philippines' AM division, despite the absence of a single radio station in Manila (but maintaining a newsroom In Makati), is consistently strong in ratings particularly in the Visayas and Mindanao regions.
Most of Bombo Radyo AM stations are licensed to People's Broadcasting Service, except some (‡)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TV4%20Fakta
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TV4 Fakta is a Swedish documentary television channel owned by the TV4 Group. It started broadcasting in 2005.
Much of the programming is taken from A+E Networks. Since December 2005, the remainder of the schedule has been filled with the English language version of Euronews. The TV4 Group bought a stake in Euronews in June 2006.
TV4 Fakta was the first channel owned by the TV4 Group that was not broadcast from Sweden. It is broadcast from Finland, where the advertising laws are more liberal. In November 2006, a Finnish version of the channel, called MTV3 Fakta, was launched in cooperation with MTV3. The channels have been broadcasting from Sweden since 2009. A version for Norway was launched in 2010.
See also
List of documentary television channels
TV4 Group
References
External links
Television channels in Sweden
TV4 AB
Documentary television channels
Television channels and stations established in 2005
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisa%20University%20System
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The Pisa University System () is a network of higher education institutions in Pisa, Italy. The following three schools and universities belong to the system:
Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa
Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies
University of Pisa
International rankings
According to the Academic Ranking of World Universities, Italy Rankings:
The Academic Ranking of World Universities puts Pisa University System at the first place in Italy (National Rank # 1) and within the best 30 universities in Europe.
As part of the Pisa University System, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies has also been mapped by Times Higher Education-QS World University Rankings as one of the most important educational institutions in Italy (section on Italy i.e. Top universities and specialisms ), having its Graduate/Postgraduate Profile.
Also, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies together with Scuola Normale Superiore are named as leading institutions in <ref>Italy's six top higher education institutes by Times Higher Education World University Rankings.</ref>
According to QS World University Rankings, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies is part of the initiative Invest Your Talent in Italy which puts Italian graduate programmes on the world's stage.
The European Research Ranking, a ranking based on publicly available data from the European Commission database puts Pisa University System among the best in Italy and best performing European research institutions.
La Voce, published a ranking of Italian universities by h-index, where Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies acquires the first (#1) place in Italy.
Notable alumni and faculty
I. Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa
Enrico Fermi, physicist and Nobel prize winner
Carlo Rubbia, physicist and Nobel prize winner
Giosuè Carducci, poet and Nobel prize winner
Luigi Bianchi, mathematician
Lamberto Cesari, mathematician
Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, former Governor of the Banca d'Italia, former Prime Minister of Italy, former President of the Italian Republic
Massimo D'Alema (withdrew), politician, former Italian Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs
Guido Fubini, mathematician
Giovanni Gentile, philosopher and politician
Carlo Ginzburg, historian
Ennio De Giorgi, mathematician, solved the 19th Hilbert problem, won Wolf Prize (1990)
Giovanni Gronchi, former President of the Republic of Italy
Fabio Mussi (withdrew), former Italian Minister of the University
Leonida Tonelli, mathematician
Vito Volterra, mathematician
Giancarlo Wick, physicist
Riccardo Barbieri, physicist
Riccardo Rattazzi, physicist
Jiyuan Yu, philosopher
II. Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies
Giuliano Amato, former Prime Minister of Italy, Vice President of the Convention on the Future of Europe that drafted the new European Constitution
Antonio Cassese, first President of the International Criminal Tribunal For the Former Yugoslavia
Sabino Cassese, Professor of Administrative Law and a judge of the Constitutional Cou
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz%20Alt%20%28mathematician%29
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Franz Leopold Alt (November 30, 1910 – July 21, 2011) was an Austrian-born American mathematician who made major contributions to computer science in its early days. He was best known as one of the founders of the Association for Computing Machinery, and served as its president from 1950 to 1952.
Vienna
Alt was born in Vienna, Austria, on November 30, 1910 to a secular Jewish family. He received a PhD in mathematics in 1932 from the University of Vienna, with a thesis entitled Metrische Definition der Krümmung einer Kurve ("Metrical Definition of the Curvature of a Curve"). His principal teachers were Hans Hahn and Karl Menger. He was one of the regular participants in, and contributors to, Menger's "Mathematisches Kolloquium." [Afterword, Karl Menger, Ergebnisse eines Mathematischen Kolloquiums, Springer-Verlag/Wien, 1998] Alt engaged in research in set-theoretic topology and logical foundations of geometry.
In addition, in the next few years he became interested in econometrics, stimulated by Oskar Morgenstern, then professor of economics at the University of Vienna, later at Princeton University. In 1936, Alt developed an axiomatic foundation for economic concepts, described in "Ueber die Messbarkeit des Nutzens," which he presented at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Oslo (published in Zeitschrift für Nationalökonomie, VII/2, 1936; in German). The English translation of this paper was published as "On the Measurability of Utility" in Preferences, Utility, and Demand: A Minnesota Symposium (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1971).
New York
Alt left Austria at the time of its occupation by Nazi Germany in 1938 and came to New York City with his wife Alice Modern, whom he married just before leaving Vienna. In the next few years it was their highest priority to save relatives and friends endangered by the Nazi terror in Austria or Germany. This involved finding Americans willing to serve as sponsors for immigration visas, and they were successful in helping about 30 adults and children to escape.
Between 1938 and 1946 Alt worked for six years at the Econometric Institute in New York City, interrupted by two years of service in the United States Army. At the Econometric Institute he served successively as Research Principal and Assistant Director of Research engaged in the analysis of economic time series by methods such as multiple correlation, used for business forecasting. He was concerned with the use of mathematical and statistical methods for the study and forecasting of business conditions in the economy as a whole and in a number of industries, commodity and security markets. One of the clients advised by Alt was the General Motors Corporation.
Army – 10th Mountain Division to Aberdeen
When the United States entered World War II, he volunteered for military service but was at first rejected as an alien; he was drafted into the Army in 1943. (Citizenship was granted in 1944.) He then served in the elite 10th Mountain Div
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space%20Pilot%203000
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"Space Pilot 3000" is the pilot episode of the American animated television series Futurama. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 28, 1999. The episode focuses on the cryogenic freezing of the series protagonist, Philip J. Fry, and the events when he awakens 1,000 years in the future. Series regulars are introduced and the futuristic setting, inspired by a variety of classic science fiction series from The Jetsons to Star Trek, is revealed. It also sets the stage for many of the events to follow in the series, foreshadowing plot points from the third and fourth seasons.
The episode was written by David X. Cohen and Matt Groening, and directed by Rich Moore and Gregg Vanzo. Dick Clark and Leonard Nimoy guest starred as themselves. The episode generally received good reviews with many reviewers noting that while the episode started slow, the series merited further viewing after The Simpsons and followed by Family Guy.
Plot
On December 31, 1999, pizza delivery man Philip J. Fry delivers a pizza to "Applied Cryogenics" in New York City, only to discover that the order was actually a prank call. Dejected and demoralized, Fry sits in the deserted lab to eat the pizza while the New Year 2000 countdown occurs outside. At midnight, Fry's chair is knocked over, and he falls into an open cryonic tube and is frozen as it immediately activates. He is defrosted on Tuesday, December 31, 2999, in what is now New New York City. He is taken to fate assignment officer Leela, a purple-haired cyclops. To his misfortune, Fry is assigned the computer-determined permanent career of delivery boy, and flees into the city when Leela tries to implant Fry's career chip designating his job. He dodges an attack from Leela, and she falls into the cryonic tube that Fry fell into one thousand years ago. The timer sets itself to one thousand years. Fry escapes from Leela, but reduces the timer to five minutes so that she is not trapped for long.
While trying to track down his only living relative, Professor Hubert Farnsworth, Fry befriends Bender, a suicidal robot who has deserted his job of bending girders for use in constructing suicide booths. Together, they evade Leela and hide in the Head Museum, where they encounter the preserved heads of historical figures. Fry, Bender and Leela eventually find themselves underground in the ruins of Old New York, where Fry becomes depressed that everyone that he knew and loved is dead, and Leela admits she sympathizes with him as she too is alone, with no family of her own due to her parents abandoning her at birth.
A defeated Fry willingly surrenders himself to his career as a delivery boy, but Leela instead quits her job, admitting she hates it. She joins Fry and Bender as fugitives in tracking down Farnsworth, founder of an intergalactic delivery company called Planet Express. With Farnsworth's help, the three evade the police by launching the Planet Express ship at the stroke of midnight amid the New
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KLTJ
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KLTJ (channel 22) is a television station licensed to Galveston, Texas, United States, serving as the Houston area outlet for the religious Daystar television network. The station's transmitter is located near Missouri City, in unincorporated northeastern Fort Bend County.
History
The station was originally licensed to Galveston Educational TV, Inc. under the call sign KUYA; it is unknown whether the station ever went on the air under those call letters.
On July 20, 1989, Eldred Thomas moved the KLTJ religious programming inventory and call sign from channel 57 (frequency now occupied by KUBE-TV) to channel 22 to take advantage of an improved coverage area.
Before moving the call letters to Houston, Thomas owned KLTJ (channel 49, now KSTR-DT) in Dallas from 1983 to 1987; it was a sister station to radio outlet KVTT-FM (now KKXT), which Thomas also owned.
Technical information
Subchannels
The station's digital signal is multiplexed:
Analog-to-digital conversion
KLTJ discontinued regular programming on its analog signal, over UHF channel 22, on June 12, 2009, the official date on which full-power television stations in the United States transitioned from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate. The station's digital signal remained on its pre-transition UHF channel 23, using PSIP to display KLTJ's virtual channel as 22 on digital television receivers.
References
External links
Daystar Television Network affiliates
LTJ
Television channels and stations established in 1989
Mass media in Galveston, Texas
1989 establishments in Texas
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Spatial%20Address%20Infrastructure
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The National Spatial Address Infrastructure (NSAI) was a database proposed by the UK Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM) on 26 May 2005 with the intention of creating a single repository of addresses for the UK. The proposal encountered numerous objections, particularly from local authorities who argued that such a repository already existed in the form of the National Land and Property Gazetteer (NLPG). Currently proposals for the NSAI have been suspended.
Originally the NSAI was proposed as a partnership between the Improvement and Development Agency (IDeA) and the Ordnance Survey. As part of this process the IDeA was expected to transfer ownership of the NLPG to Ordnance Survey. However, UK local authorities, who are the creators of all addresses in the UK and are collective owners of the NLPG, expressed great alarm. This was especially emphasised by the proposal that Ordnance Survey would effectively sell back to local authorities their own data. There were also grave concerns regarding Ordnance Survey's ability or suitability to undertake such a project. Indeed, the public statement by the ODPM summarising the responses to the short consultation period stated:
"Whilst the Prospectus indicated that the new arrangements should be seen as being partnership based, many local authority respondents commented adversely on OS as key partners within the programme. Generally the comments indicated that local authorities did not believe that OS was suitably qualified for the role it was to perform within NSAI. The criticisms covered both capability and capacity for work on address management, pointing out the key differences between work in this area and OS’s acknowledged skills in mapping. Some responses argued that OS’s previous track record in issues relating to address management (in areas such as the NSG) had not been satisfactory. Many authorities referred to OS’s existing address product (Address-Point) and commented that it was inaccurate, not maintained in a timely way, and didn’t contain the breadth of data contained in NLPG. Some authorities questioned OS’s willingness to act as a partner to local authorities. In contrast several LAs commented favourably on the performance of Intelligent Addressing as their existing service partner".
The Association for Geographic Information (AGI) also had reservations at the time.
On 3 December 2010, the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government announced the formation of GeoPlace to provide a freely-available National Address Gazetteer. This is a joint venture between the Local Government Association (LGA) and Ordnance Survey which included the acquisition of Intelligent Addressing, the company that initially envisioned and coordinated the development of the NLPG.
Following the setting up of GeoPlace, NLPG data has been brought together with Ordnance Survey, Valuation Office Agency and Royal Mail data into the National Address Gazetteer infrastructure. The National Address Ga
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%2C%20Roommate
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"I, Roommate" is the third episode in the first season of the American animated television series Futurama. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on April 6, 1999. The title of the episode is a reference to collected short stories written between 1940 and 1950 by author Isaac Asimov titled I, Robot. The episode was written by Eric Horsted and directed by Bret Haaland. The plot focuses on Fry and Bender's search for an apartment after deciding to become roommates and the various difficulties they have in finding a place that is acceptable to both of them.
Plot
Fry has been living in the Planet Express offices for a month, making messes, leaving food out (which attracts owls, the vermin of New New York), wasting water, and generally disrupting business. When Fry eats Professor Farnsworth's alien mummy (mistaking it for beef jerky) which Farnsworth was going to eat himself, the crew insists that Fry search for his own place to live.
Bender allows Fry to move into his robot apartment, which is little more than a two-cubic meter stall, but it soon becomes clear that Bender's cramped apartment cannot meet Fry's needs. Fry cannot even sleep properly, due to Bender repeating "kill all humans" in his sleep. The two begin a search for a living space that will satisfy them both, only to conclude that none of the properties they viewed is remotely livable. Bender and Fry then overhear that one of Farnsworth's colleagues has died, and Fry and Bender are able to lease his spacious, fully furnished apartment. Bender plans to live in the apartment's tiny closet. To the theme of The Odd Couple, Fry and Bender make themselves at home.
The two hold a housewarming party, and the guests arrive with various gifts, including a miniature fruit salad tree from Leela. When the group attempts to watch All My Circuits on the apartment's gigantic television, they discover that Bender's antenna interferes with the building's satellite reception. The landlady promptly evicts Bender. Fry decides to stay, so Bender returns to his old apartment alone. He then embarks on a self-destructive sobriety binge, eventually cutting off his own antenna in the hope that he can move back in with Fry.
When Fry realizes that a robot's antenna is vital to his self-esteem, he helps Bender locate and reattach it, and then moves back in with Bender. When Fry is concerned that his miniature fruit salad tree will not get enough light in the windowless stall, Bender replies that there is a window in the closet and opens a hidden door, revealing a complete living suite more than spacious enough for Fry. To Bender's confusion, Fry happily moves into the "closet".
Production
The episode title is a spoof on the short story collection I, Robot by Isaac Asimov and the earlier short story of the same title by Eando Binder, although the plot of the episode has little to do with the original stories. According to Futurama executive producer David X. Cohen, Farnsworth's mention of t
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fear%20of%20a%20Bot%20Planet
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"Fear of a Bot Planet" is the fifth episode in the first season of the American animated television series Futurama. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on April 20, 1999. The episode was written by Heather Lombard and Evan Gore and directed by Peter Avanzino and Carlos Baeza with co-direction by Ashley Lenz and Chris Sauvé. The episode focuses on a delivery the Planet Express Crew must make to a robot planet named Chapek 9. The robot inhabitants hate all humans and Bender decides to join them because he is tired of robots being treated like second class citizens. The episode is a light-hearted satire on racism, an idea reinforced by the title reference.
Plot
The Planet Express crew is tasked with a delivery to Chapek 9, a planet inhabited by human-hating robot separatists, so Bender is assigned to deliver the package. Bender claims that it is a robot holiday, Robanukah, and refuses to work. Hermes insists that Bender must go, on the grounds that Bender has used up his time off. After a resentful Bender is lowered to the surface, Fry and Leela decide to throw a Robanukah party for Bender to show their appreciation.
They receive a message from Bender: the robots found out he worked for humans, and he has been captured. To avoid being killed, Fry and Leela disguise themselves as robots and infiltrate the robot society. They discover Bender is playing the robots' prejudice for his own benefit, claiming he has killed billions of humans. Fry and Leela reunite with Bender, but he refuses to be rescued. Before Fry and Leela can leave, the other robots arrive, and the two are placed on trial for being human. They are found guilty of the charge and sentenced to a life of tedious robot-type labor. A trapdoor opens and they fall into a room where they meet the Robot Elders. The Elders reveal that the trial was merely a show trial, and command Bender to kill Fry and Leela, but Bender refuses, stating that the pair are his friends, and that humans pose no threat to robots.
The Robot Elders reveal that despite being aware of this, humans provide them with a scapegoat to distract the population from their problems: lug nut shortages and an incompetent government of corrupt Robot Elders. The Robot Elders decide the three know too much and must be killed. Fry threatens to breathe fire on the Robot Elders, throwing them into a state of confusion. The crew flees, pursued by a horde of robots. As the crew escapes on the winch, the robots stack on top of each other, keeping pace with the winch. Bender remembers that he never delivered the package, and puts it into the hands of the robot on top. The unbalanced tower topples to the ground. The package bursts open, showering the robots in much-needed lug nuts. The robots renounce their human-hating ways. The crew, headed back to Earth, celebrate Robanukah with Bender, who confesses the holiday is fictitious.
Cultural references
The planet Chapek 9 is named after Karel Čapek, the Czech write
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Fishful%20of%20Dollars
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"A Fishful of Dollars" is the sixth episode in the first season of the American animated television series Futurama. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on April 27, 1999. The title of the episode is a play on name of the film A Fistful of Dollars. The episode was written by Patric Verrone and directed by Ron Hughart and Gregg Vanzo. Pamela Anderson guest stars as her own preserved head in a jar. This episode marks the first appearance of the character Mom, the series' recurring antagonist.
Plot
After having their dreams taken over by an advertisement, the Planet Express crew takes a trip to the local shopping mall. Trying to buy the product he saw in his dreams, Fry realizes he is broke. At the same time, Bender is arrested for shoplifting. As the crew scrounges up bail money, Fry notices that the bank where he used to have an account has remained in business. He still has his ATM card and remembers his PIN code: the price of a cheese pizza and large soda at Panucci's Pizza, where he used to work. The account had contained 93 cents in 1999, but after accruing interest at 2.25% per year for 1,000 years, the balance is now $4.3 billion.
Fry goes on a massive spending spree, buying numerous 20th century artifacts, such as Ted Danson's skeleton, an antique robot toy, videotapes of past sitcoms, and the last known tin of anchovies, which were fished to extinction shortly after the Decapodians arrived on Earth in the 23rd century. Professor Farnsworth informs Fry about their extinction after Fry's attempt to order some as a pizza topping causes a robotic waiter to explode due to a circuit overload. However, he finds himself making a rival of Mom, a famous industrialist and owner of Mom's Old-Fashioned Robot Oil. She wants to acquire the anchovies for herself since they represent a potential source of oil that can permanently lubricate robots, thus putting her out of business.
Mom's sons Walt, Larry, and Igner conspire with the head of Pamela Anderson to steal Fry's ATM card and PIN. They tranquilize Fry and fool him into believing it is still the year 2000, using a crude mock-up of Panucci's to make him think he fell asleep on the job. Anderson orders a cheese pizza and a large soda, whereupon Fry inadvertently reveals his PIN as he rings up the total, which was $10.77. Walt, Larry, and Igner empty Fry's bank account, and except for the anchovies, all of his 20th century artifacts are repossessed.
Mom visits Fry with the intent of buying the anchovies, but relents upon discovering that he never knew about the Robot Oil and that he plans to eat them. Fry covers a pizza with the anchovies and shares it with the rest of the Planet Express employees while Dr. Zoidberg is out of the room. The others spit out the pizza in disgust as Fry explains that anchovies are an acquired taste. When Zoidberg enters the room, he smells the anchovies and greedily devours all of the remaining pizza. He goes on to demand more, flying into a rag
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My%20Three%20Suns
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"My Three Suns" is the seventh episode in the first season of the American animated television series Futurama. The episode originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on May 4, 1999. The plot focuses on Fry as he becomes emperor of an alien world, only to find himself in need of rescue when the previous emperor is discovered to be not really dead.
This episode features the first appearance of TV chef Elzar, and a cold opening in which Bender goes through an automatic "Bot Wash" facility, to the tune of Rose Royce's song "Car Wash", only to get rained on after exiting.
This episode was written by J. Stewart Burns and directed by Jeffrey Lynch and Kevin O'Brien.
Plot
Hermes threatens to cut Bender's salary since Bender has no official duties at Planet Express. Inspired by the Neptunian TV chef Elzar, Bender decides to become the ship's cook. Professor Farnsworth then sends the crew, accompanied by Amy and Dr. Zoidberg, on a delivery to the planet Trisol. On the trip, Bender provides a meal of salted slug and salt water. After the ship lands, Fry is assigned the task of making the delivery across the desert under the heat of the planet's three suns. When he arrives at the Trisolian palace, he finds it empty. Thirsty from the salty meal and hot walk to the palace, Fry drinks from a bottle containing a clear liquid that is sitting on the throne. Armed Trisolians, who are revealed to be liquid-based organisms, storm the throne room, revealing that the bottle Fry drank actually contained their emperor.
Rather than being punished, Fry is declared the new emperor. The high priest informs Fry that as part of the coronation, Fry will have to recite the royal oath. The oath must be recited from memory, with the threat of death if a mistake is made. During the precoronation party, Leela informs Fry that all previous emperors were assassinated by their successors, and the average reign of a Trisolian emperor is only one week. When Fry takes no notice of her warning, Leela returns to the ship vowing she will no longer help Fry. A Trisolian then attempts to "drink" Fry, but is unsuccessful, as Fry is solid. At the coronation, Fry recites the oath properly, due to having written it on his arm, and is sworn in as Fry the Solid. As the suns set, the Trisolians begin to glow—including the previous emperor, who is still alive inside Fry's stomach. He demands that Fry be cut open and drained. Fry, Bender, Amy, and Dr. Zoidberg take refuge from the Trisolians in the throne room while they try to find a way to extract the emperor without killing Fry.
They decide that crying is the preferable method, but soon realize that Fry is too "macho" to cry properly. Needing help, Bender calls Leela on Fry's behalf, but gets an inconclusive response. Leela ultimately decides to help Fry in spite of her vow, and fights her way past Trisolian forces to reach the palace. Bender notices what is happening and lies to Fry by telling him that Leela is dead. This sadde
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Big%20Piece%20of%20Garbage
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"A Big Piece of Garbage" is the eighth episode in the first season of the American animated television series Futurama. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on 11 May 1999. The episode was written by Lewis Morton and directed by Susie Dietter. Ron Popeil guest stars in this episode as himself. Nancy Cartwright also has a brief cameo as a Bart Simpson doll. Much of the episode is a spoof of the 1998 film Armageddon; however, instead of Earth being threatened by an asteroid, it is threatened by a giant ball of garbage.
Plot
Professor Farnsworth invites the crew of Planet Express to join him at the Academy of Inventors' annual symposium, where inventors display their latest creations. He will be presenting his invention, the Deathclock, which displays the date of a person's death after that person's finger is stuck into the machine. At the symposium, the crew encounter one of Farnsworth's bitter former students, Professor Ogden Wernstrom. Wernstrom presents his invention, a reverse SCUBA suit that allows fish to breathe water while walking about on land, then taunts Farnsworth over his invention from the previous year—the Deathclock.
Mortified that he had previously presented the device and forgotten about it, Farnsworth hastily begins drawing on a napkin. He presents the drawing, which depicts a Smelloscope, a device that allows people to smell distant cosmic objects, but is humiliated when he smears the drawing. Back at Planet Express, Farnsworth invites everybody to see the Smelloscope that he had constructed last year and also forgotten about. Fry begins smelling objects around the Solar System and quickly discovers a foul-smelling meteor. After calculating its trajectory, Farnsworth announces that the object will collide with New New York City in 72 hours, reducing it to a "stinky crater".
After some research, they find a video that reveals the object to be a giant ball of garbage from Old New York, launched into space in 2052. After warning Mayor Poopenmayer, a plan is hatched to destroy the garbage ball. The Planet Express crew is sent on a mission to plant a bomb on the ball. Then, once activated, the bomb will be set to allow the crew twenty-five minutes to escape. Farnsworth also reminds them that if it blew up any time later, the explosion would cause garbage to rain across the entire Earth, killing millions.
Unfortunately, after starting the bomb, they find out the Professor put the bomb's countdown display in upside down, and it actually only allows 52 seconds. The crew panics, and Bender throws the bomb into space to save them, where it explodes harmlessly. Wernstrom makes several demands before quickly leaving. In a last-ditch effort to redeem himself, Farnsworth comes up with a second plan to save the city: launching a second ball of garbage to bounce against the first one and sending it flying into the sun.
Fry leads the city to quickly generate a second ball of garbage, which is fired at the first gar
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KETH-TV
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KETH-TV (channel 14) is a religious television station in Houston, Texas, United States, airing programming from the Trinity Broadcasting Network (TBN). It is owned and operated by TBN's Community Educational Television subsidiary, which manages stations in Texas and Florida on channels allocated for non-commercial educational broadcasting, and serves as the subsidiary's flagship station. KETH-TV's studios (and CET's general offices) are located on South Wilcrest Drive in the Alief section of Houston. The station's transmitter is located near Missouri City, in unincorporated northeastern Fort Bend County.
History
The station was founded on October 12, 1983, and first signed on the air on July 16, 1987.
Programming
As with other Community Educational Television stations, KETH carries almost all of the TBN network schedule, as well as some locally produced programs: a local version of Praise the Lord, Up with the Son and Joy in Our Town. In addition to programming from TBN, the station airs educational programming to prepare local students for the General Educational Development (GED) test to fulfill the requirements under their license service.
Technical information
The station's digital signal is multiplexed:
Analog-to-digital conversion
TBN-owned full-power stations permanently ceased analog transmissions on April 16, 2009.
References
External links
TBN official website
KETH website
ETH-TV
Television channels and stations established in 1987
Trinity Broadcasting Network affiliates
1987 establishments in Texas
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hell%20Is%20Other%20Robots
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"Hell Is Other Robots" is the ninth episode in the first season of the American animated television series Futurama. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on May 18, 1999. The episode was written by Eric Kaplan and directed by Rich Moore. Guest stars in this episode include the Beastie Boys as themselves and Dan Castellaneta voicing the Robot Devil.
The episode is one of the first to focus heavily on Bender. In the episode, he develops an addiction to electricity. When this addiction becomes problematic, Bender joins the Temple of Robotology, but after Fry and Leela tempt Bender with alcohol and prostitutes, he quits the Temple of Robotology and is visited by the Robot Devil for sinning, and Bender is sent to Robot Hell. Finally Fry and Leela come to rescue him, and the three escape.
The episode introduces the Robot Devil, Reverend Lionel Preacherbot and the religion of the Temple of Robotology, a spoof on the Church of Scientology. The episode received positive reviews, and was one of four featured on the DVD boxed set of Matt Groening's favorite episodes: "Monster Robot Maniac Fun Collection".
Plot
After a Beastie Boys concert, Bender attends a party with his old friend, Fender, a giant guitar amp. At the party, Bender and the other robots abuse electricity by "jacking on," and Bender develops an addiction. After receiving a near-lethal dose from an electrical storm, Bender realizes he has a problem and searches for help. He joins the Temple of Robotology, accepting the doctrine of eternal damnation in Robot Hell should he sin. After baptizing him in oil, the Reverend Lionel Preacherbot welds the symbol of Robotology to Bender's case. As Bender begins to annoy his co-workers with his new religion, Fry and Leela decide they want the "old Bender" back. They fake a delivery to Atlantic City, New Jersey and tempt Bender with alcohol, prostitutes and easy targets for theft. He eventually succumbs, rips off the Robotology symbol and throws it away, causing it to beep ominously.
While seducing three female robots in his Trump Trapezoid room, Bender is interrupted by a knock at his room door. He opens the door and is knocked unconscious. He awakens to see the Robot Devil and finds himself in Robot Hell. The Robot Devil reminds Bender that he agreed to be punished for sinning when he joined Robotology. After discovering Bender is missing, Fry and Leela track him down using Nibbler's sense of smell. They eventually find the entrance to Robot Hell in an abandoned amusement park. A musical number starts as the Robot Devil begins detailing Bender's punishment. As the song ends, Fry and Leela arrive and try to reason with the Robot Devil on Bender's behalf.
The Robot Devil tells them that the only way to win back Bender's soul is to beat him in a fiddle-playing contest, as required under the "Fairness in Hell Act of 2275". The Robot Devil goes first, playing Antonio Bazzini's "La Ronde des Lutins". Leela responds, having experien
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Flight%20to%20Remember
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"A Flight to Remember" is the tenth episode in the first season of the American animated television series Futurama. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on September 26, 1999. The title is a reference to Walter Lord's non-fiction book about the Titanic disaster A Night to Remember. This episode was written by Eric Horsted and directed by Peter Avanzino. Dawnn Lewis guest-stars in this episode as LaBarbara Conrad. The episode is a direct parody of the 1997 film Titanic.
Plot
Fry, Leela, and Bender hand their resignations to Professor Farnsworth after narrowly escaping another delivery with their lives, but reconsider when he announces that the Planet Express team will take a cruise on the maiden voyage of the largest space cruise ship ever built: the Titanic. As they board they are stopped by Zapp Brannigan, the ship's honorary captain. Attempting to avoid Brannigan's advances, Leela claims she is engaged to Fry. Bender meets the Countess de la Roca. Amy unexpectedly runs into her parents, who attempt to set Amy up with a date. Amy claims Fry is her boyfriend, making Leela jealous.
Bender meets the Countess again and falls in love with her. She learns Bender is a broke low-life, but tells him that she is not interested in his wealth; she loves him for his personality. Hermes is urged to participate in a limbo competition, but declines, still recovering from guilt over an incident that occurred at the 2980 Olympics where a child trying to emulate him fatally broke his spine. Leela and Fry are invited to dine at the captain's table. At dinner, both Brannigan and Amy's parents are present; they demand that Fry kiss his date. Before the fake relationships are exposed, Kif calls Brannigan to the bridge; a new course Brannigan chose has endangered the ship.
Brannigan pilots the ship too close to a black hole. Realizing the danger, Brannigan promotes Kif to Captain before fleeing the ship. Fry and Leela nearly kiss before they are interrupted by the ship breaking in half. Bender heads off to save the countess while the rest of the crew head for the escape pods. An airlock door closes, blocking their escape. Zoidberg holds it open a few inches, but the door release is on the other side. Hermes limbos under the door. Arriving at the escape pods, they meet Amy's parents, who have found Amy a new boyfriend: Kif. After waiting as long as they can for Bender, the crew launches the escape pod. Bender leaps from the Titanic, Countess in tow. He grabs the escape pod, but they exceed the weight limit. The Countess sacrifices herself, allowing the others to escape, upsetting Bender. Entering the pod, a heartbroken Bender says he will have her diamond bracelet to remind him of her. Hermes examines it and tells Bender that it is fake, causing him to immediately break down and cry.
Production
This episodes features the beginning of the relationship between Kif Kroker and Amy Wong. The relationship was originally meant to be a one–off joke;
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Law%20of%20Cyber-Space
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The Law of Cyber-Space is a book by Ahmad Kamal, Senior Fellow at the United Nations Institute for Training and Research on the subject of cyber law.
As is explained in its foreword, the book is a sequel to the earlier work on “Information Insecurity” published in 2002, in which it had been pointed out that the absence of globally harmonised legislation was turning cyber-space into an area of ever increasing dangers and worries.
The book lays down the possible parameters for a law of cyberspace and argues in favour of starting negotiations with the full participation of the three concerned stake-holders, namely governments, the private sector, and civil society.
Kamal believes that, in many ways, the current situation in cyberspace is similar to the problems once faced on the open ocean, where the absence of any jurisdiction or consensus legislation had also created a lawless situation. The international community finally woke up to the challenge and started negotiations on the Law of the Sea. Those negotiations went on for almost a decade before they succeeded and Kamal writes that the world is much better off as a result.
Kamal asserts that in the case of cyber-space the challenge appears to be far greater:
See also
Internet and Technology Law Desk Reference
External links
The full text of The Law of Cyber-Space is also available for free download from the UN Permanent Missions
2005 non-fiction books
Law books
Books about the Internet
Cyberspace
Works about computer law
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