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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VFC
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VFC may stand for:
Businesses
VFC (company), a British food manufacturer
VF Corporation, an American fashion brand
Electronics
VESA Feature Connector, on computer graphics cards
Voltage-to-frequency converter, a voltage-controlled oscillator
Sports clubs
Vitória F.C., Setúbal, Portugal
Vitória Futebol Clube (ES), Espírito Santo, Brazil
Other uses
Vaccines for Children Program, a US federal program
Virtual Fighting Championship, a 2018 video game
See also
VCF (disambiguation)
Valencia Football Club (disambiguation)
Vasco Fernandes Coutinho (disambiguation)
Victorian Football Club (disambiguation)
Vitória Futebol Clube (disambiguation)
Vlad Filat Cabinet (disambiguation)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DTK
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DTK is an initialism that may refer to
Developer Transition Kit, Apple's first ARM-based Macintosh computer for developers
Dell OpenManage Deployment Toolkit
Democratic Society Congress (Demokratik Toplum Kongresi), a pro-Kurdish NGO in Turkey
Deutsche Bank Contingent Capital Trust III, listed as DTK on the New York Stock Exchange
Diamond Trust Bank Group, traded as DTK on the Nairobi Securities Exchange
Dunia Tanpa Koma, a TV series in Indonesia
Duttapukur railway station (station code DTK), West Bengal, India
DTK Computer, a defunct Taiwanese computer hardware company
ISO 639:dtk, the Tomo Kan dialect of Western Plains Dogon
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiding%20Geocast%20/%20Stored%20Geocast
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Abiding geocast is a time stable geocast scheme used in some ad hoc wireless networks. It is not applicable to Internet routing. Messages are delivered to all nodes that are inside a destination region within a certain period of time. In contrast to an ordinary geocast, which is delivered to all nodes which are inside a destination region exactly at the time of sending plus distribution delay in the network, abiding geocast allows senders to define a lifetime for the geocast message.
Abiding geocast is created by the retransmission of the geocast message, either periodically to the destination region or whenever a node inside the destination region detects a new neighbor.
New services and applications such as position-based advertising, position-based publish and subscribe use abiding geocast. Abiding geocast could enable the creation of virtual traffic signs such as local hazard warnings. For example, an abiding geocast fixed to a certain geographical area could warn approaching vehicles about an icy road.
See also
Geocast
References
Ad hoc routing protocols
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern%20theory
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Pattern theory, formulated by Ulf Grenander, is a mathematical formalism to describe knowledge of the world as patterns. It differs from other approaches to artificial intelligence in that it does not begin by prescribing algorithms and machinery to recognize and classify patterns; rather, it prescribes a vocabulary to articulate and recast the pattern concepts in precise language. Broad in its mathematical coverage, Pattern Theory spans algebra and statistics, as well as local topological and global entropic properties.
In addition to the new algebraic vocabulary, its statistical approach is novel in its aim to:
Identify the hidden variables of a data set using real world data rather than artificial stimuli, which was previously commonplace.
Formulate prior distributions for hidden variables and models for the observed variables that form the vertices of a Gibbs-like graph.
Study the randomness and variability of these graphs.
Create the basic classes of stochastic models applied by listing the deformations of the patterns.
Synthesize (sample) from the models, not just analyze signals with them.
The Brown University Pattern Theory Group was formed in 1972 by Ulf Grenander. Many mathematicians are currently working in this group, noteworthy among them being the Fields Medalist David Mumford. Mumford regards Grenander as his "guru" in Pattern Theory.
See also
Abductive reasoning
Algebraic statistics
Computational anatomy
Formal concept analysis
Grammar induction
Image analysis
Induction
Lattice theory
Spatial statistics
References
Further reading
2007. Ulf Grenander and Michael Miller Pattern Theory: From Representation to Inference. Oxford University Press. Paperback. ()
1994. Ulf Grenander General Pattern Theory. Oxford Science Publications. ()
1996. Ulf Grenander Elements of Pattern Theory. Johns Hopkins University Press. ()
External links
Pattern Theory Group at Brown University
Pattern Theory: Grenander's Ideas and Examples - a video lecture by David Mumford
Pattern Theory and Applications - graduate course page with material by a Brown University alumnus
Formalism (philosophy)
Artificial intelligence
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family%20Friendly%20Programming%20Forum
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The Family Friendly Programming Forum is a coalition of over 40 advertisers, all of whom belong to the Association of National Advertisers. They seek to increase the amount of "family-friendly" programming on U.S. television.
They define family-friendly programming as:
It is relevant to today's TV viewer, has generational appeal, depicts real life and is appropriate in theme, content and language for a broad family audience. Family friendly programs also embody a responsible resolution. Family friendly programs may include movies, dramas, situation comedies and informational programs.
The FFPF supports various programs and initiatives:
Script Development Fund
Student Scholarship Program
Annual Symposium
Family Television Awards
Projects that the script-development fund has helped reach the pilot stage include:
Gilmore Girls
Life Is Wild
The 2007 reboot of Bionic Woman
Chuck
Ugly Betty
Friday Night Lights
Brothers & Sisters
Everybody Hates Chris
Notes from the Underbelly
Runaway
Commander in Chief
The New Adventures of Old Christine
Related
Complete Savages
Clubhouse
8 Simple Rules for Dating My Teenage Daughter
American Dreams
Big Time
The fund has no influence on the direction of the show further than the pilot.
External links
Official homepage
Television organizations in the United States
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic%20neural%20network
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Semantic neural network (SNN) is based on John von Neumann's neural network [von Neumann, 1966] and Nikolai Amosov M-Network. There are limitations to a link topology for the von Neumann’s network but SNN accept a case without these limitations. Only logical values can be processed, but SNN accept that fuzzy values can be processed too. All neurons into the von Neumann network are synchronized by tacts. For further use of self-synchronizing circuit technique SNN accepts neurons can be self-running or synchronized.
In contrast to the von Neumann network there are no limitations for topology of neurons for semantic networks. It leads to the impossibility of relative addressing of neurons as it was done by von Neumann. In this case an absolute readdressing should be used. Every neuron should have a unique identifier that would provide a direct access to another neuron. Of course, neurons interacting by axons-dendrites should have each other's identifiers. An absolute readdressing can be modulated by using neuron specificity as it was realized for biological neural networks.
There’s no description for self-reflectiveness and self-modification abilities into the initial description of semantic networks [Dudar Z.V., Shuklin D.E., 2000]. But in [Shuklin D.E. 2004] a conclusion had been drawn about the necessity of introspection and self-modification abilities in the system. For maintenance of these abilities a concept of pointer to neuron is provided. Pointers represent virtual connections between neurons. In this model, bodies and signals transferring through the neurons connections represent a physical body, and virtual connections between neurons are representing an astral body. It is proposed to create models of artificial neuron networks on the basis of virtual machine supporting the opportunity for paranormal effects.
SNN is generally used for natural language processing.
Related models
Computational creativity
Semantic hashing
Semantic Pointer Architecture
Sparse distributed memory
References
Neumann, J., 1966. Theory of self-reproducing automata, edited and completed by Arthur W. Burks. - University of Illinois press, Urbana and London
Dudar Z.V., Shuklin D.E., 2000. Implementation of neurons for semantic neural nets that’s understanding texts in natural language. In Radio-electronika i informatika KhTURE, 2000. No 4. Р. 89-96.
Shuklin D.E., 2004. The further development of semantic neural network models. In Artificial Intelligence, Donetsk, "Nauka i obrazovanie" Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Ukraine, 2004, No 3. P. 598-606
Shuklin D.E. The Structure of a Semantic Neural Network Extracting the Meaning from a Text, In Cybernetics and Systems Analysis, Volume 37, Number 2, 4 March 2001, pp. 182–186(5)
Shuklin D.E. The Structure of a Semantic Neural Network Realizing Morphological and Syntactic Analysis of a Text, In Cybernetics and Systems Analysis, Volume 37, Number 5, September 2001, pp. 770–776(7)
Shuklin D.E. Realizat
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20popular%20place%20names
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This list of popular place names is derived from the US FIPS55 place name database (158,000 US place names) and the US GEOnet name server database (5.6 million non-US place names).
1,716 San José (or San Jose)
1,691 San Antonio
1,246 Santa Maria (or Santa María)
1,212 Santa Rosa
1,191 San Pedro
1,166 San Juan
1,017 San Francisco
989 San Miguel
892 San Isidro
852 Esperanza (or La Esperanza)
824 Santa Cruz
762 San Rafael
648 Santa Rita
608 Santa Ana
605 Buenavista
571 Aleksandrovka
563 Buena Vista
545 San Vicente
542 Hoseynabad
540 Gradina
528 Mikhaylovka
512 San Luis
509 Buenos Aires
508 Ivanovka
507 `Aliabad
489 Kamenka
482 Quebrada Honda
477 El Carmen
466 San Martin
465 San Pablo
461 Ojo de Agua
461 San Lorenzo
460 Santo Domingo
459 Nikolayevka
457 La Laguna
451 Berezovka
444 Santa Barbara
443 El Porvenir
439 Santiago
433 Santa Isabel
428 Union
418 Santa Teresa
403 Cerro Negro
401 Santa Lucia
400 La Palma
390 Cerro Colorado
389 Santa Elena
388 San Agustin
388 Las Delicias
The data files were fetched on January 1, 2006.
External links
GeoNET Names server
FIPS55 Datafile
Geography-related lists
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/23rd%20Daytime%20Emmy%20Awards
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The 23rd Daytime Emmy Awards were held on May 22, 1996, on CBS to commemorate excellence in daytime programming from the previous year (1995). At this ceremony, Erika Slezak set a then record with five Emmy Awards for Lead Actress. She would beat her own record in 2005. The telecast aired two-hours. The Creative Arts Emmy celebration took place on May 18, 1996.
Winners in each category are in bold.
Outstanding Drama Series
All My Children
Days of Our Lives
General Hospital
The Young and the Restless
Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series
Maurice Benard (Sonny Corinthos, General Hospital)
Peter Bergman (Jack Abbott, The Young and the Restless)
Eric Braeden (Victor Newman, The Young and the Restless)
David Canary (Adam Chandler/Stuart Chandler, All My Children)
Charles Keating (Carl Hutchins, Another World)
Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series
Jensen Buchanan (Vicky Hudson, Another World)
Linda Dano (Felicia Gallant, Another World)
Susan Lucci (Erica Kane, All My Children)
Erika Slezak (Victoria Lord, One Life to Live)
Jess Walton (Jill Abbott, The Young and the Restless)
Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series
Frank Beaty (Brent Lawrence, Guiding Light)
Ian Buchanan (James Warwick, The Bold and the Beautiful)
Stuart Damon (Alan Quartermaine, General Hospital)
David Forsyth (John Hudson, Another World)
Michael Sutton (Stone Cates, General Hospital)
Jerry verDorn (Ross Marler, Guiding Light)
Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series
Rosalind Cash (Mary Mae Ward, General Hospital)
Anna Holbrook (Sharlene Frame Hudson, Another World)
Victoria Rowell (Drucilla Winters, The Young and the Restless)
Michelle Stafford (Phyllis Romalotti, The Young and the Restless)
Tonya Lee Williams (Olivia Hastings, The Young and the Restless)
Outstanding Younger Actor in a Drama Series
Nathan Fillion (Joey Buchanan, One Life to Live)
Jonathan Jackson (Lucky Spencer, General Hospital)
Kevin Mambo (Marcus Williams, Guiding Light)
Shemar Moore (Malcolm Winters, The Young and the Restless)
Joshua Morrow (Nicholas Newman, The Young and the Restless)
Outstanding Younger Actress in a Drama Series
Kimberly J. Brown (Marah Lewis, Guiding Light)
Martha Byrne (Lily Walsh Grimaldi, As the World Turns)
Sharon Case (Sharon Collins, The Young and the Restless)
Kimberly McCullough (Robin Scorpio, General Hospital)
Heather Tom (Victoria Newman, The Young and the Restless)
Outstanding Drama Series Writing Team
All My Children
Another World
As the World Turns
One Life to Live
Outstanding Drama Series Directing Team
All My Children
Days of Our Lives
General Hospital
The Young and the Restless
Outstanding Graphics and Title Design
Michael Saz and Andrew Carl Wilk (Really Wild Animals)
Linda Paris (CNN Newsroom)
Ian Dawson, and Marco Bacich, John Ridgway, Jerry Steele and Chris Williamson (Day & Date)
Paul Newman, and Billy Pittard (One Life to Live)
Suzanne Kiley and Billy Pittard (Ricki Lake)
Suzanne Kiley, Thalia Kalodimos, Ed Sullivan and Harriet Seitl
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rollergirls
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Rollergirls is a 2006 A&E Network reality show examining the personalities, antics and motivations of the women involved with the Austin, Texas, Lonestar Rollergirls roller derby league. According to their website, the league was founded in 2001 and is run as a "skater-owned and operated" company. Variety reported on March 13, 2006 that A&E was canceling the show due to low ratings.
The five league teams, of about ten members each, are the Cherry Bombs, Hellcats, Holy Rollers, Putas Del Fuego and Rhinestone Cowgirls. Episodes were initially broadcast on Monday nights beginning on January 2, 2006, with repeated showings throughout the week. Rollergirls was produced by Gary and Julie Auerbach, the creators of MTV's Laguna Beach: The Real Orange County.
Episodes
See also
Roller derby
Aggressive inline skating
References
Rollergirls Variety.
In 'Rollergirls,' drama queens take reality for a spin The Boston Globe, January 2, 2006.
Reality sets in for new A&E series, Net ditches 'Rollergirls', Variety, March 13, 2006.
External links
2000s American reality television series
2006 American television series debuts
2006 American television series endings
A&E (TV network) original programming
Roller derby mass media
English-language television shows
Television shows set in Austin, Texas
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Association%20of%20Crime%20Analysts
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The International Association of Crime Analysts (IACA) is a professional association founded in 1990 to provide training, literature, networking, and professional development resources to individuals involved in the crime analysis profession. It also advocates for the development and improvement of crime analysis programs in law enforcement agencies. As of August 2019, the IACA had 4,059 members from 59 nations, with the majority in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Colombia, Ireland, Trinidad and Tobago, Chile, the Netherlands, South Africa, and Australia.
The IACA is an all-volunteer association, incorporated in the U.S. as a 501(c)(3) non-profit. Most of its members work in police agencies or for government programs that provide services to police. The primary services of the association are an annual training conference, annual international symposiums, a Certified Law Enforcement Analyst (CLEA) credential, a mentoring program for new analysts, a series of professional training classes (both in-person and online), webinars, and publications, including a comprehensive text of the profession titled Exploring Crime Analysis. In recent years, the IACA has made significant strides in growing its Latin American membership by increasing Spanish-language webinars, publications, and other services.
The IACA is governed by a five-member executive board elected by the association's members. It does not restrict membership to individuals already employed in policing, but rather welcomes students, educators, other police professionals, and anyone else with a demonstrated interest in crime analysis. The annual membership fee is $25 US.
References
International Association of Crime Analysts web site
International law enforcement organizations
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari%20Message%20Information%20System
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The Atari Message Information System (AMIS) was one of the first BBS (Bulletin Board System) software packages available for the Atari 8-bit family of computers. It was known to crash pretty often and could not be left unattended for more than a few days. The autorun.sys file which contained the modem handler was at cause. Versions of the AMIS BBS were modified with the modem handler (written by Atari) supplied with the Atari XM301 modem and was deemed much more stable.
The original AMIS BBS software was written in Atari BASIC by Tom Giese member of the MACE (Michigan Atari Computer Enthusiasts). The program included instructions for building a "ring detector" circuit for the board maintainer's modem (Atari 1030 modem) to enable it to answer incoming calls – modems at the time were most often capable of making outgoing calls, but not receiving incoming ones. The one exception being the Atari XM301 modem which had a ring detector built-in.
A sector editor was required for the BBS maintainer to manually allocate message space on their disk, one hex byte at a time.
As of March 2021, there is still an active AMIS BBS, called Amis XE, that one can connect to using telnet (amis86.ddns.net:9000) or a web client provided by the Telnet BBS Guide.
Alternate versions
The software was released into the public domain, and was heavily modified by enthusiasts and BBS maintainers. As such, several versions of AMIS exist, including:
Standard AMIS – original version by Tom Giese
MACE AMIS – from the Michigan Atari Computer Enthusiasts, by Larry Burdeno and Jim Steinbrecher
Fast AMIS
Carnival BBS
Comet AMIS – by Matt Pritchard & Tom Johnson of Algonac, Michigan; originally designed for the MPP modem (which used the joystick port, not the regular I/O or 850 Interface ports. At the time this was a very popular low cost modem, that had no software written for it, until John Demar developed a driver to enable software to communicate with the joystick port as if it were the I/O port) and modified to be used with other types of standard modems. The final version featured many automated tasks, usage logs, passwords, private mail, multiple message bases and support for hard drives and MYDOS, and was on the cutting edge of AMIS/Atari 8-bit BBS technology.
TODAMIS 1.0 – for 1030/XM301 modems, written in 1986 by Trent Dudley
AMIS XM301 was a heavily modified version of AMIS written by one of the original AMIS programmers, Mike Mitchell (Baudville BBS - Garden City, MI), and newcomer Mike Olin (Molin's Den BBS, Northville, MI), written in Basic XE by Optimized System Software.
Reed Audio BBS was a modified version of Carnival BBS that added multiple forum support & support for the Atari 1030 modem by way of a hardware ring detector (relay). Created by Todd Gordanier in 1986.
FujiAmis Modified version of AMIS to include modem configuration for the FujiNet Device, telnet IP based deployment, SpartaDos conversion to HSIO, and unlimited message base. Created by R
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NETCONF
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The Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF) is a network management protocol developed and standardized by the IETF. It was developed in the NETCONF working group and published in December 2006 as RFC 4741 and later revised in June 2011 and published as RFC 6241. The NETCONF protocol specification is an Internet Standards Track document.
NETCONF provides mechanisms to install, manipulate, and delete the configuration of network devices. Its operations are realized on top of a simple Remote Procedure Call (RPC) layer. The NETCONF protocol uses an Extensible Markup Language (XML) based data encoding for the configuration data as well as the protocol messages. The protocol messages are exchanged on top of a secure transport protocol.
The NETCONF protocol can be conceptually partitioned into four layers:
The Content layer consists of configuration data and notification data.
The Operations layer defines a set of base protocol operations to retrieve and edit the configuration data.
The Messages layer provides a mechanism for encoding remote procedure calls (RPCs) and notifications.
The Secure Transport layer provides a secure and reliable transport of messages between a client and a server.
The NETCONF protocol has been implemented in network devices such as routers and switches by some major equipment vendors. One particular strength of NETCONF is its support for robust configuration change using transactions involving a number of devices.
History
The IETF developed the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) in the late 1980s and it proved to be a very popular network management protocol. In the early part of the 21st century it became apparent that in spite of what was originally intended, SNMP was not being used to configure network equipment, but was mainly being used for network monitoring. In June 2002, the Internet Architecture Board and key members of the IETF's network management community got together with network operators to discuss the situation. The results of this meeting are documented in RFC 3535. It turned out that each network operator was primarily using a different proprietary command-line interface (CLI) to configure their devices. This had a number of features that the operators liked, including the fact that it was text-based, as opposed to the BER-encoded SNMP. In addition, many equipment vendors did not provide the option to completely configure their devices via SNMP. As operators generally liked to write scripts to help manage their boxes, they found the SNMP CLI lacking in a number of ways. Most notably was the unpredictable nature of the output. The content and formatting of output was prone to change in unpredictable ways.
Around this same time, Juniper Networks had been using an XML-based network management approach. This was brought to the IETF and shared with the broader community. Collectively, these two events led the IETF in May 2003 to the creation of the NETCONF working group. This working group w
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan%20Shugart
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Alan Field Shugart (September 27, 1930 – December 12, 2006) was an American engineer, entrepreneur and business executive whose career defined the modern computer disk drive industry.
Personal history
Born in Los Angeles, he graduated from the University of Redlands, receiving a degree in engineering physics.
Shugart was the father of three children: Joanne Shugart (1951–1954), Christopher D. Shugart (b. 1953) and Teri L.K. Shugart (b. 1955). Shugart was married to Esther Marrs (née Bell), the mother of his three children, from 1951 until 1973. He was married to Rita Shugart (née Kennedy) from 1981 until his death.
Shugart died on December 12, 2006 in Monterey, California of complications from heart surgery he had undergone six weeks earlier.
Career
He began his career in 1951 as a field engineer at IBM. In 1955, he transferred to the IBM San Jose laboratory where he worked on the IBM 305 RAMAC. He rose through a series of increasingly important positions to become the Direct Access Storage Product Manager, responsible for disk storage products, IBM's most profitable businesses at that time. Among the groups reporting to Shugart was the team that invented the floppy disk.
Shugart joined Memorex in 1969 as Vice President of its Equipment Division and led the development of its 3660 (compatible with IBM 2314) and 3670 (compatible with IBM 3330) disk storage subsystems. His team also developed the Memorex 650, one of the first commercially available floppy disk drives.
He founded Shugart Associates in February 1973 and resigned as CEO in October 1974. The company was later acquired by Xerox. Then he and Finis Conner started Shugart Technology in 1979, which soon changed its name to Seagate Technology.
With Shugart as CEO, Seagate became the world’s largest independent manufacturer of disk drives and related components. In July 1998, Shugart resigned his positions with Seagate.
Political activity
In 1996, he launched an unsuccessful campaign to elect Ernest, his Bernese Mountain Dog, to Congress. Shugart later wrote about that experience in a book, Ernest Goes to Washington (Well, Not Exactly). He backed a failed ballot initiative in 2000 to give California voters the option of choosing "none of the above" in elections.
Awards
He received the 1997 IEEE Reynold B. Johnson Information Storage Systems Award. In 2005, he was made a Fellow of the Computer History Museum "for his lifelong contributions to the creation of the modern disk drive industry."
References
External links
Al Shugart's Speech At Conference marking 100th Anniversary of Magnetic Recording, December 14, 1998
Al Shugart milestones at Computer History Museum
Al Shugart biography at Computer History Museum
1930 births
2006 deaths
American computer businesspeople
American manufacturing businesspeople
American technology chief executives
Businesspeople from the San Francisco Bay Area
IBM employees
University of Redlands alumni
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Render%20output%20unit
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In computer graphics, the render output unit (ROP) or raster operations pipeline is a hardware component in modern graphics processing units (GPUs) and one of the final steps in the rendering process of modern graphics cards. The pixel pipelines take pixel (each pixel is a dimensionless point) and texel information and process it, via specific matrix and vector operations, into a final pixel or depth value; this process is called rasterization. Thus, ROPs control antialiasing, when more than one sample is merged into one pixel. The ROPs perform the transactions between the relevant buffers in the local memory – this includes writing or reading values, as well as blending them together.
Dedicated antialiasing hardware used to perform hardware-based antialiasing methods like MSAA is contained in ROPs.
All data rendered has to travel through the ROP in order to be written to the framebuffer, from there it can be transmitted to the display.
Therefore, the ROP is where the GPU's output is assembled into a bitmapped image ready for display.
Historically the number of ROPs, texture mapping units (TMUs), and shader processing units/stream processors have been equal. However, from 2004, several GPUs have decoupled these areas to allow optimum transistor allocation for application workload and available memory performance. As the trend continues, it is expected that graphics processors will continue to decouple the various parts of their architectures to enhance their adaptability to future graphics applications. This design also allows chip makers to build a modular line-up, where the top-end GPUs are essentially using the same logic as the low-end products.
See also
Graphics pipeline
Rendering (computer graphics)
Execution unit
References
3D rendering
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural%20network%20software
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Neural network software is used to simulate, research, develop, and apply artificial neural networks, software concepts adapted from biological neural networks, and in some cases, a wider array of adaptive systems such as artificial intelligence and machine learning.
Simulators
Neural network simulators are software applications that are used to simulate the behavior of artificial or biological neural networks. They focus on one or a limited number of specific types of neural networks. They are typically stand-alone and not intended to produce general neural networks that can be integrated in other software. Simulators usually have some form of built-in visualization to monitor the training process. Some simulators also visualize the physical structure of the neural network.
Research simulators
Historically, the most common type of neural network software was intended for researching neural network structures and algorithms. The primary purpose of this type of software is, through simulation, to gain a better understanding of the behavior and the properties of neural networks. Today in the study of artificial neural networks, simulators have largely been replaced by more general component based development environments as research platforms.
Commonly used artificial neural network simulators include the Stuttgart Neural Network Simulator (SNNS), and Emergent.
In the study of biological neural networks however, simulation software is still the only available approach. In such simulators the physical biological and chemical properties of neural tissue, as well as the electromagnetic impulses between the neurons are studied.
Commonly used biological network simulators include Neuron, GENESIS, NEST and Brian.
Data analysis simulators
Unlike the research simulators, data analysis simulators are intended for practical applications of artificial neural networks. Their primary focus is on data mining and forecasting. Data analysis simulators usually have some form of preprocessing capabilities. Unlike the more general development environments, data analysis simulators use a relatively simple static neural network that can be configured. A majority of the data analysis simulators on the market use backpropagating networks or self-organizing maps as their core. The advantage of this type of software is that it is relatively easy to use. Neural Designer is one example of a data analysis simulator.
Simulators for teaching neural network theory
When the Parallel Distributed Processing volumes
were released in 1986-87, they provided some relatively simple software. The original PDP software did not require any programming skills, which led to its adoption by a wide variety of researchers in diverse fields. The original PDP software was developed into a more powerful package called PDP++, which in turn has become an even more powerful platform called Emergent. With each development, the software has become more powerful, but also more daunting f
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/32-bit%20disk%20access
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32-bit Disk Access (also known as FastDisk) refers to a special disk access and caching mode available in older, MS-DOS-based Microsoft Windows operating systems. It was a set of protected mode device drivers that worked together to take advantage of advanced disk I/O features in the system BIOS. It filtered interrupt 13h BIOS calls to the disk controller and directed them in the most efficient way for the system — either through the 32-bit interface with the hard disk controller or through the system BIOS. Using 32-bit Disk Access allowed for more pageable memory in Windows to page MS-DOS–based applications to disk to free enough RAM for applications when they needed to use it. Sometimes enabling this mode would break older applications of the day.
Windows 3.1 had an option in its 386 Enhanced Control Panel that would enable 32-bit read & write access in 386 enhanced mode. Usually, 32-bit read could be safely enabled, but 32-bit write had issues with a number of applications. 32-bit Disk Access was the feature that made it possible to page MS-DOS applications to disk. Without it, if the real mode disk code (the Int 13h handler) was paged out, the virtual DOS machine would loop forever.
32-bit disk access should not be confused with 32-bit file access. Although both technologies are similar, 32-bit disk access was introduced with Windows 3.1 and file access with Windows for Workgroups 3.11. 32-bit file access provided a 32-bit code path for Windows to directly access the disk bus by intercepting the MS-DOS Int 21H services while remaining in 386 protected mode and at CPU speeds, rather than handling the Int 21H services in real mode by MS-DOS. 32-bit disk access offers less performance and is less likely to work on many computers than 32-bit file access. 32-bit file access does not require 32-bit disk access.
Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows Me use native, protected mode 32-bit disk drivers during normal operation. However Safe Mode uses MS-DOS real mode disk drivers instead. Real mode MS-DOS drivers could also be used during normal operation for disk peripherals for which Windows did not have native drivers.
32-bit versions of the Windows NT family of operating systems including the newer Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, Windows Vista and later always have 32-bit disk drivers active, cannot use MS-DOS drivers at all, and the expression is not used for them.
References
https://web.archive.org/web/20070324064925/http://pclt.cis.yale.edu/pclt/OPSYS/WFWG311.HTM
Windows architecture
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty%20Holberton
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Frances Elizabeth Holberton (March 7, 1917 – December 8, 2001) was an American computer scientist who was one of the six original programmers of the first general-purpose electronic digital computer, ENIAC. The other five ENIAC programmers were Jean Bartik, Ruth Teitelbaum, Kathleen Antonelli, Marlyn Meltzer, and Frances Spence.
Holberton invented breakpoints in computer debugging.
Early life and education
Holberton was born Frances Elizabeth Snyder in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1917. Her father was John Amos Snyder (1884–1963), her mother was Frances J. Morrow (1892–1981), and she was the third child in a family of eight children.
Holberton studied journalism, because its curriculum let her travel far afield. Journalism was also one of the few fields open to women as a career in the 1940s. On her first day of classes at the University of Pennsylvania, her math professor asked her if she wouldn't be better off at home raising children.
Career
During World War 2 while the U.S. Army needed to compute ballistics trajectories, many women were hired for this task. Holberton was hired by the Moore School of Engineering to work as a "computer" and chosen to be one of the six women to program the ENIAC. The ENIAC stood for Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer. Classified as "subprofessionals", Holberton, along with Kay McNulty, Marlyn Wescoff, Ruth Lichterman, Betty Jean Jennings, and Fran Bilas, programmed the ENIAC to perform calculations for ballistics trajectories electronically for the Army's Ballistic Research Laboratory.
In the beginning, because the ENIAC was classified, the women were only allowed to work with blueprints and wiring diagrams in order to program it. During her time working on ENIAC she had many productive ideas that came to her overnight, leading other programmers to jokingly state that she "solved more problems in her sleep than other people did awake."
The ENIAC was unveiled on February 15, 1946, at the University of Pennsylvania. It cost around $487,000, .
After World War II, Holberton worked at Remington Rand and the National Bureau of Standards. She was the Chief of the Programming Research Branch, Applied Mathematics Laboratory at the David Taylor Model Basin in 1959. She helped to develop the UNIVAC, designing control panels that put the numeric keypad next to the keyboard and persuading engineers to replace the Univac's black exterior with the gray-beige tone that came to be the universal color of computers.
She was one of those who wrote the first generative programming system (SORT/MERGE). Holberton used a deck of playing cards to develop the decision tree for the binary sort function, and wrote the code to employ a group of ten tape drives to read and write data as needed during the process. She wrote the first statistical analysis package, which was used for the 1950 US Census.
In 1953 she was made a supervisor of advanced programming in a part of the Navy’s Applied Math lab in Maryland, where she s
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Hits%20%28radio%20station%29
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The Hits is a Hot adult contemporary music radio network, broadcasting to 26 markets across New Zealand. It was set up by Government broadcaster Radio New Zealand in 1993 by consolidating existing stations into a single brand and has been privately owned since 1996. The Hits has had the broadest broadcast reach of any radio network in the country since 1996, and is now available on 40 full-power FM frequencies and 18 iHeartRadio streams.
Most of the individual stations started out as local AM stations owned by state broadcaster Radio New Zealand. Many have given a platform to broadcasting names like Selwyn Toogood, Paul Holmes, Peter Sinclair, Jenny-May Clarkson (nee Coffin) and Jason Gunn. John "Boggy" McDowell was an announcer on the Southland station for 33 years. Despite a major reduction in local programmes since 1993, most stations still have a local three-hour breakfast programme or a six-hour daytime programme.
An estimated 282,000 people listen to The Hits every week, including 85,000 people in Auckland region. The network targets 25- to 54-year-old homeowners, socially-active parents and price-conscious household shoppers. In April 2014, the network re-branded from Classic Hits to The Hits to attract more younger listeners. Later that year, it came under the ownership of New Zealand Media and Entertainment.
History
Early years
The Hits was originally known as Classic Hits up until April 2014. Classic Hits unofficially began in Auckland in 1987 when 1ZM (also known as 1251ZM at the time) changed music format to play "classic hits" music and branding was changed to Classic Hits Twelve Fifty One. In 1989 Auckland's Classic Hits moved to FM, becoming Classic Hits 97FM. The ZM station that exists in Auckland today is a new station created in 1997 to replace Magic 91FM.
Other stations in the Classic Hits group began as local commercial stations owned by the Government-owned Radio New Zealand, at a time when the New Zealand Government had a monopoly on the New Zealand radio market. In some regions, the station that would eventually become The Hits, was the only available radio station in that region. By the early 1990s, Radio New Zealand had switched most of their stations to FM but retained the stations original AM frequency for coverage in areas where the FM frequency could not be reached or for listeners with an AM only radio. The AM frequency was utilized for talkback and specialist shows in addition to the regular programming on the FM frequency. To cut costs and prepare the stations for commercial sale, Radio New Zealand began rebranding AM stations to Newstalk ZB and rebranding the FM stations as Classic Hits. The Classic Hits stations originally retained their heritage identity until 2009, and used a uniform green diamond logo until June 2011.
The first group of the stations adopted the brand in late 1993 or early 1994. Waikato's 1ZH became Classic Hits ZHFM, Bay of Plenty's 1ZD Radio BOP became Classic Hits BOP FM, Rotorua's Gey
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyn
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Dyn or DYN may refer to:
DYN (magazine)
Dyne (dyn), a unit of force
Dyn (company) (Dynamic Network Services, Inc., originally known as DynDNS), an Internet performance management company
Dynorphin, a class of opioid peptides
Nira Dyn, Israeli mathematician
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CFGE-FM
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CFGE-FM is a French-language Canadian radio station located in Sherbrooke, Quebec. The station airs an adult contemporary format, and is part of the Rythme FM network which operates across much of Quebec. The station's transmitter is located at Mount Bellevue.
Owned and operated by Cogeco, it broadcasts on 93.7 MHz using a directional antenna with an average effective radiated power of 7,412 watts and a peak effective radiated power of 25,500 watts (class B). Since its transmitter site is located at Mount Bellevue, the station has (unlike competitors CITE-FM-1 and CIMO-FM) good coverage in the city of Sherbrooke, but because of severe deficiencies in covering neighbouring Magog, the station operates a relay there, CFGE-FM-1, which broadcasts on 98.1 MHz using a directional antenna with an average effective radiated power of 360 watts and a peak effective radiated power of 900 watts (class B).
The station received CRTC approval in 2003.
On August 28, 2009, CFGE-FM received CRTC approval to increase their effective radiated power (ERP) to 7,412 watts, its maximum ERP to 25,550 watts), increasing its effective HAAT from 158.9 to 207.1 metres, and by relocating its transmitter.
References
External links
93.7 Rythme FM
Fge
Fge
Fge
Fge
Radio stations established in 2004
2004 establishments in Quebec
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schoof%E2%80%93Elkies%E2%80%93Atkin%20algorithm
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The Schoof–Elkies–Atkin algorithm (SEA) is an algorithm used for finding the order of or calculating the number of points on an elliptic curve over a finite field. Its primary application is in elliptic curve cryptography. The algorithm is an extension of Schoof's algorithm by Noam Elkies and A. O. L. Atkin to significantly improve its efficiency (under heuristic assumptions).
Details
The Elkies-Atkin extension to Schoof's algorithm works by restricting the set of primes considered to primes of a certain kind. These came to be called Elkies primes and Atkin primes respectively. A prime is called an Elkies prime if the characteristic equation: splits over , while an Atkin prime is a prime that is not an Elkies prime. Atkin showed how to combine information obtained from the Atkin primes with the information obtained from Elkies primes to produce an efficient algorithm, which came to be known as the Schoof–Elkies–Atkin algorithm. The first problem to address is to determine whether a given prime is Elkies or Atkin. In order to do so, we make use of modular polynomials that parametrize pairs of -isogenous elliptic curves in terms of their j-invariants (in practice alternative modular polynomials may also be used but for the same purpose).
If the instantiated polynomial has a root in then is an Elkies prime, and we may compute a polynomial whose roots correspond to points in the kernel of the -isogeny from to . The polynomial is a divisor of the corresponding division polynomial used in Schoof's algorithm, and it has significantly lower degree, versus . For Elkies primes, this allows one to compute the number of points on modulo more efficiently than in Schoof's algorithm.
In the case of an Atkin prime, we can gain some information from the factorization pattern of in , which constrains the possibilities for the number of points modulo , but the asymptotic complexity of the algorithm depends entirely on the Elkies primes. Provided there are sufficiently many small Elkies primes (on average, we expect half the primes to be Elkies primes), this results in a reduction in the running time. The resulting algorithm is probabilistic (of Las Vegas type), and its expected running time is, heuristically, , making it more efficient in practice than Schoof's algorithm. Here the notation is a variant of big O notation that suppresses terms that are logarithmic in the main term of an expression.
Implementations
Schoof–Elkies–Atkin algorithm is implemented in the PARI/GP computer algebra system in the GP function ellap.
External links
"Schoof: Counting points on elliptic curves over finite fields"
article on Mathworld
"Remarks on the Schoof-Elkies-Atkin algorithm"
"The SEA Algorithm in Characteristic 2"
Asymmetric-key algorithms
Elliptic curve cryptography
Group theory
Finite fields
Number theory
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scooby-Doo%20and%20the%20Cyber%20Chase
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Scooby-Doo and the Cyber Chase is a 2001 American direct-to-video animated science fiction comedy mystery film, and the fourth in a series of direct-to-video animated films based on the Scooby-Doo franchise. It was released on October 9, 2001. The film was produced by Hanna-Barbera Cartoons. In spite of its grimmer atmosphere, it also has a lighter tone, similar to its predecessor, Scooby-Doo and the Alien Invaders.
It is the final Hanna-Barbera production to be executive produced by both William Hanna and Joseph Barbera before Hanna's death on March 22, 2001 and was dedicated in his memory. It is also the fourth and final Scooby-Doo direct-to-video film to be animated overseas by Japanese animation studio Mook Animation, and the first film to use digital ink and paint. This film, along with Aloha, Scooby-Doo!, was part of the first Scooby-Doo films to be re-released on Blu-ray on April 5, 2011.
This was also the first film to feature Grey DeLisle as the voice of Daphne Blake after the death of Mary Kay Bergman in 1999. It was also the last film where Scott Innes voiced Scooby-Doo and Shaggy, as well as the last film where B. J. Ward voiced Velma.
Plot
Mystery Inc. visits their old friend and college student, Eric, who has invited them to see a prize-winning computer game he made based on their adventures and a high-tech laser, both of which he intends to enter at a campus science fair. Upon arrival, the gang learn a "Phantom Virus" materialized from Eric's game and attacked him before his teacher, Professor Kaufman, drove it off with a high-powered magnet and that it has been terrorizing the campus ever since. While investigating potential suspects Eric; Kaufman; Bill, Eric's best friend and baseball-loving programmer; and grumpy campus security guard, Officer Wembley, the gang encounter the Phantom Virus before someone uses Eric's laser to beam them all into his game, where the gang learn that they must complete every level by finding a box of Scooby Snax to get out of the game.
Following initial difficulties in the first three levels, the gang progress quickly until they reach the final level, where they meet cyber-versions of themselves. After escaping from the Phantom Virus, the cyber-gang reveal that they know where to locate the final box of Scooby Snax and lead the original gang to an amusement park, where they battle real versions of monsters that Mystery Inc. have previously faced and unmasked as human criminals. Eventually, Scooby-Doo's cyber-double distracts the Phantom Virus so the original Scooby can grab the last box of Scooby Snax, deleting the Phantom Virus and returning the gang to the real world. Using baseball-related clues they found and phrases the Phantom Virus used during their adventure, they reveal Bill as its creator. Following a failed escape attempt, he is arrested by Wembley and reveals that he was jealous that Eric's video game was chosen for the science fair over his even though he had been at the school two ye
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induction%20variable
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In computer science, an induction variable is a variable that gets increased or decreased by a fixed amount on every iteration of a loop or is a linear function of another induction variable.
For example, in the following loop, i and j are induction variables:
for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
j = 17 * i;
}
Application to strength reduction
A common compiler optimization is to recognize the existence of induction variables and replace them with simpler computations; for example, the code above could be rewritten by the compiler as follows, on the assumption that the addition of a constant will be cheaper than a multiplication.
j = -17;
for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
j = j + 17;
}
This optimization is a special case of strength reduction.
Application to reduce register pressure
In some cases, it is possible to reverse this optimization in order to remove an induction variable from the code entirely. For example:
extern int sum;
int foo(int n) {
int j = 5;
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
j += 2;
sum += j;
}
return sum;
}
This function's loop has two induction variables: i and j. Either one can be rewritten as a linear function of the other; therefore, the compiler may optimize this code as if it had been written
extern int sum;
int foo(int n) {
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
sum += 5 + 2 * (i + 1);
}
return sum;
}
Induction variable substitution
Induction variable substitution is a compiler transformation to recognize variables which can be expressed as functions of the indices of enclosing loops and replace them with expressions involving loop indices.
This transformation makes the relationship between the variables and loop indices explicit, which helps other compiler analysis, such as dependence analysis.
Example:
Input code:
int c = 10;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
c = c + 5; // c is incremented by 5 for each loop iteration
}
Output code
int c = 10;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
c = 10 + 5 * (i + 1); // c is explicitly expressed as a function of loop index
}
Non-linear induction variables
The same optimizations can be applied to induction variables that are not necessarily linear functions of the loop counter; for example, the loop
j = 1;
for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
j = j << 1;
}
may be converted to
for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
j = 1 << (i+1);
}
See also
Mathematical induction
References
Further reading
Compiler optimizations
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dun%20Darach
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Dun Darach is an arcade adventure developed and published in 1985 by Gargoyle Games for the ZX Spectrum and Amstrad CPC computers. It is a prequel to the 1984 game Tir Na Nog. The plot has Celtic hero Cuchulainn on a search to find his companion Lóeg in the mysterious city of Dun Darach. Inspiration for the game came from the works of Fritz Leiber and Michael Moorcock.
The background history is based on Celtic folklore about the demigod Cuchulainn and his battles against the people of Connachta in ancient Ireland. Dun Darach was critically acclaimed upon its original release, with praise singling out its graphics. Retrospective reviews were less than positive, with one reviewer preferring Tir Na Nog. It was re-released on different game compilations and cover tapes in issues of British video game magazines.
Plot and gameplay
One day Cuchulainn travels home with his charioteer companion Lóeg from a battle against the Connachta. On the way, they stop off at an inn and Lóeg is persuaded to help a young woman named Skar, whose chariot is damaged. Cuchulainn realizes that Lóeg is missing after taking refreshment at the inn. He later discovers that Skar is a sorceress and ally of the Connachta, and has taken Lóeg to the Secret City of Dun Darach in retribution for the death of Prince Amhair, who perished in the battle. Cuchulainn goes on a long search for the mysterious city, eventually discovering it and entering to find Lóeg.
Dun Darach is an arcade adventure video game. The player guides Cuchulainn through Dun Darach and interacts with the environment by performing keyboard commands. The main objective is to find Lóeg, taking side quests from non-player characters (NPCs). These NPCs can give short hints to Cuchulainn, rob him, and confiscate his belongings if he carries stolen goods. Commands the player inputs can have him buy, steal and sell from shops in the city, bet at a casino (Iomain Ludum), and deposit money at a bank with daily compound interest. Dun Darach is large and consists of different quarters. The current time of the day is indicated by torches in the wall and by the greetings of characters.
Development and release
Dun Darach was developed by Greg Follis and Roy Carter, the co-founders of game developer Gargoyle Games, as a prequel to their previous title, Tir Na Nog. It had the working title Cú Chulainn – The Early Years. Development first began on 10 February 1985. Follis claimed that the biggest complaint for Tir Na Nog was its huge setting, resulting in it being scaled back to one city. Inspiration for Dun Darach came from the works of Fritz Leiber and Michael Moorcock, with Gargoyle wanting the atmosphere to be similar to Leiber's book The Swords of Lankhmar. It was showcased at the LET trade show at the Olympia London, showing screenshots of the game.
One area had to be censored before release. There is an empty area in the centre of the city, the pleasure quarter "Iomain" which was originally intended to be a brothel cal
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN%20controversies
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CNN (Cable News Network), an American basic cable and satellite television channel, has been the subject of multiple controversies. This article recounts controversies and allegations relating to both the domestic version of CNN, and its sister channels CNN International and CNN-News18.
Allegations of bias
CNN has often been the subject of allegations of party bias. The New York Times has described its development of a partisan lean during the tenure of Jeff Zucker. In research conducted by the Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy at Harvard University and the Project for Excellence in Journalism, the authors found disparate treatment by CNN of Republican and Democratic candidates during the earliest five months of the presidential primaries in 2007: "The CNN programming studied tended to cast a negative light on Republican candidates—by a margin of three-to-one. Four-in-ten stories (41%) were clearly negative while just 14% were positive and 46% were neutral. The network provided negative coverage of all three main candidates with McCain fairing the worst (63% negative) and Romney fairing a little better than the others only because a majority of his coverage was neutral. It's not that Democrats, other than Obama, fared well on CNN either. Nearly half of the Illinois Senator's stories were positive (46%), vs. just 8% that were negative. But both Clinton and Edwards ended up with more negative than positive coverage overall. So while coverage for Democrats overall was a bit more positive than negative, that was almost all due to extremely favorable coverage for Obama." In a New York Observer column entitled "Clinton News Network", political journalist Steve Kornacki criticized CNN's handling of the November 15, 2007, Democratic presidential debate, calling it biased towards Hillary Clinton.
In September 2009, a Pew Research Center Poll showed that Democrats were much more likely than Republicans to rate the network favorably, while Republicans were much more likely than Democrats to see CNN unfavorably. A 2019 Pew Research survey showed that among Americans who named CNN as their main source for political and election news, 79% identify as Democrats whereas 17% identify as Republicans. Among major broadcast news networks, the CNN audience displays higher levels of partisanship than ABC, CBS and NBC, but lower than Fox News and MSNBC.
Octavia Nasr firing
In 2011, Chief Middle East correspondent Octavia Nasr was fired after a tweet saying she was "Sad to hear of the passing of Sayed Mohammad Hussein Fadlallah... One of Hezbollah's giants I respect[ed] a lot." Parisa Khosravi, senior vice president of CNN International, said she spoke with Nasr, and "we have decided that she will be leaving the company". Her reason for her removal was given as "As you know, her tweet over the weekend created a wide reaction. As she has stated in her blog on CNN.com, she fully accepts that she should not have made such a simplistic comment with
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTA%20International
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Muslim Television Ahmadiyya International (MTA), a globally-broadcasting, nonprofit satellite television network and a division of Al-Shirkatul Islamiyyah, was established in 1994 and launched the world's first Islamic TV channel to broadcast globally. It serves as the official media outlet for the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, based in Islamabad, Tilford and funded entirely from donations by the members of the community. The network operates ten 24-hour channels for different regions of the world, including terrestrial TV as well as satellite television.
History
Initial Launch
MTA, the first TV channel to broadcast Islamic programmes globally, was established by Mirza Tahir Ahmad, then-Caliph of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community. MTA's first channel was launched on 31 January 1992, broadcasting the weekly Friday Sermon. On 7 January 1994, AMP was rebranded to MTA and increased its daily broadcasting hours from four to 12 hours, and in April 1996, to 24. Initially, the studio and video library shared a room in the Mahmood Hall of Fazl Mosque equipped with a single video camera and "few ordinary flood lights".
Electronic program guide
In April 2001, MTA began its electronic program guide when the channel launched on the Sky UK platform as a free-to-air channel.
MTA 3 Al-Arabiya Launch
On 23rd of March 2007. MTA 3 Al-Arabiya was launched, which was an entirely Arabic channel, primarily for viewers of the Middle East.
MTA Africa launch
On 1 August 2016, MTA Africa 1 and 2 were inaugurated by Mirza Masroor Ahmad, broadcasting programmes in African languages as well as programmes from MTA 1.
2020 era
From 27 May 2020, known as Khilafat Day for Ahmadis, MTA rearranged its channels according to regions and introduced new channels. These new channels were formerly MTA1 broadcasting on different satellites, converted to cater viewers of specific regions by broadcasting programmes in specific languages for each region. MTA 1 on Galaxy 19 became MTA8 HD AMERICA with programmes in Urdu, English, French and Spanish.
Channels
MTA runs 10 channels 24/7:
Worldwide
MTA1 World was the first channel launched by the MTA network and is the primary channel broadcasting programmes in English, [[Urdu and occasionally archived programmes in Arabic and French, and has multiple audio tracks to provide translations for certain programmes such as the Friday Sermon. Its broadcast coverage used to cover the entire globe before MTA1 on some satellites were converted into regional channels. It is mainly broadcast in the UK/Europe and parts of South America, as well as being broadcast on terrestrial TV in Suriname.
Europe and MENA
MTA2 Europe focuses on programmes aimed specifically at European and Middle Eastern viewers by broadcasting programmes in a range of European languages, commonly French and German, in addition to English and Urdu, some of which are also broadcast on MTA1. It was launched in April 2004. MTA2, too, also has similar audio tracks for translation
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows%20System%20Resource%20Manager
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Windows System Resource Manager (WSRM) is a component of Windows Server operating systems that enables the allocation of resources, including CPU and memory resources, among multiple applications based on business priorities. An administrator sets targets for the amount of hardware resources that running applications or users are allowed to consume. It can allocate resources among multiple applications on a server according to defined policies.
This can be helpful in a corporate environment when, for example, a well-behaved app has to co-exist with an application that has a memory leak. Without protection such as afforded by WSRM, the app runs more slowly and eventually crashes, because the misbehaving app eventually causes problems that affect every app that shares its memory space. With WSRM, an app can be limited to an isolated subset of hardware resources. As a result of this, the bad effects caused by the memory leak is limited to that subset.
WSRM is deprecated starting with Windows Server 2012. Microsoft recommends the use of Hyper-V as an alternative that provides similar functionality.
See also
List of Microsoft Windows components
References
Further reading
External links
Windows System Resource Manager Overview | Microsoft Docs
Download Windows System Resource Manager from Official Microsoft Download Center
Windows administration
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight%20Data%20Coordinator
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Flight Data Coordinators (FDCs) are officers in the Airservices Australia that, along with the Air Traffic Controllers, are the human side of The Australian Advanced Air Traffic System (TAAATS).
They are charged with ensuring the data inputted into the Flight Data Processor (FDP) (Flight Plans, changes to flight plans, departures etc.) conform to ICAO DOC 4444 and Australian AIP.
Their duties also include inputting inter-centre messages via the Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunciations Network (AFTN), relay of SARTIME informatation, voice communications with internal and external stake-holders and specialised project work.
Air traffic control in Australia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livewire%20%28talk%20show%29
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Livewire is a kids' talk show on the U.S. television cable network, Nickelodeon which began in September 1980 and ended in 1985. The series was designed for kids of all ages, and the show's main focus discussed true current events and stories during those times. It was taped at the Ed Sullivan Theater in New York through Reeves Teletape Studios of Sesame Street fame. It was filmed "live on tape" with a participating audience of about 20-30 teenagers, and was hosted initially by Mark Cordray, but Fred Newman soon replaced Cordray as host. It was a CableACE Award winner, the first Nickelodeon talk show to achieve that feat. Livewire was the #1 rated show on Nickelodeon in 1982, and never went below #7 in the ratings during the 5-year span of the show. After the last episode aired, the show went into reruns until May 7, 1988.
The show was most famously known for giving relatively unknown bands and singers their first television appearance. Bands and celebrities who appeared on the program include:
List of guests
Adam Abeshouse
Afrika Bambaataa
Aileen Quinn – From Annie
Adam Yauch - From Beastie Boys
Albert Hague – From Fame
Alex Tannous – Psychic
Average White Band – Rock Band
Bill Irwin – Actor
Billy Squier
Blotto – Rock Band
Bow Wow Wow – Musical Group
Buckner & Garcia
Caian Devora – Actor
Carlene Carter – Singer
Carroll Righter – Astrologer
Chris Atkins – Actor
Comateens – Rock Band
David Liederman
DJ Jazzy Jay – Rapper
Dr. Michael Carrera – Author
Edward Bush – Director Of The Museum Of Holography
Eek-A-Mouse – Musical Artist
Erin Grey – Actor
Errol Manoff And The Fantasy Factory
Eubie Blake
Frank Zappa
Fred Newman – Voice Actor
Garland Jeffreys (Singer)
Gene Roddenberry – Creator of Star Trek
Geri Jewell – From The Facts Of Life
Graham Nash – Singer
Grey Panthers
Haircut 100 - Musical Group
Jack "Hacksaw" Reynolds– Linebacker, San Francisco 49ers
Jackie Torrence – Storyteller
James Bethea
James Earl Jones – Actor
Jennifer Gatti – Actor
Jimmy Baio
Joffrey Ballet Concert Group
John Hurt
John E. Mack – Psychiatrist
Jordan Walker-Pearlman
June Foray – Voice Actor
KISS– Rock Band
Laurie Anderson - performance artist, singer
Lazoo
Lee Curreri – From Fame
Little Steven & The Disciples Of Soul
Lords Of The New Church – Musical Group
Manowar
Mark Cordray
Mark Wilson – Magician
Marty Feldman
Merri Wood – Physicist
Molly Picon
Mummenschanz - Theater Company
Novo Combo
Paul Reiser – Actor
Phil Paul Call
The Pink Ladies – From Grease 2
Psychedelic Furs – Musical Group
R.E.M. – Rock Band
The Ramones– Rock Band
Ray Williams – Manager Of Six Flags Over Texas
Rene Teboe
Ricky Schroder – From Silver Spoons
Robert Duvall
Robert Truax
Ronnie Dyson – Singer
Ronnie Lamm – PTA Council President
Rudolf Of Danceteria – October 30, 1983
Split Enz
Stanley Jarocki – Mktg. V.P. Bally Midway
Stephanie Mills
Sugar Hill Gang– Rappers
Teresa de Rose and Andrew Needhammer - From American Ballet Th
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wish%20Ko%20Lang%21
|
Wish ! () is a Philippine television public service drama anthology series broadcast by GMA Network. Originally hosted by Bernadette Sembrano, it premiered on June 29, 2002 on the network's Saturday afternoon line up. The show concluded on February 15, 2020 with a total of 983 episodes. It was replaced by Ilaban Natin Yan! in its timeslot. The show returned on July 11, 2020. Vicky Morales currently serves as the host.
The series is streaming online on YouTube.
Hosts
Bernadette Sembrano
Vicky Morales
Accolades
References
External links
2002 Philippine television series debuts
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network original programming
GMA Integrated News and Public Affairs shows
Philippine anthology television series
Television series revived after cancellation
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active%20networking
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Active networking is a communication pattern that allows packets flowing through a telecommunications network to dynamically modify the operation of the network.
Active network architecture is composed of execution environments (similar to a unix shell that can execute active packets), a node operating system capable of supporting one or more execution environments.
It also consists of active hardware, capable of routing or switching as well as executing code within active packets.
This differs from the traditional network architecture which seeks robustness and stability by attempting to remove complexity and the ability to change its fundamental operation from underlying network components. Network processors are one means of implementing active networking concepts. Active networks have also been implemented as overlay networks.
What does it offer?
Active networking allows the possibility of highly tailored and rapid "real-time" changes to the underlying network operation.
This enables such ideas as sending code along with packets of information allowing the data to change its form (code) to match the channel characteristics.
The smallest program that can generate a sequence of data can be found in the definition of Kolmogorov complexity.
The use of real-time genetic algorithms within the network to compose network services is also enabled by active networking.
How it relates to other networking paradigms
Active networking relates to other networking paradigms primarily based upon how computing and communication are partitioned in the architecture.
Active networking and software-defined networking
Active networking is an approach to network architecture with in-network programmability. The name derives from a comparison with network approaches advocating minimization of in-network processing, based on design advice such as the "end-to-end argument". Two major approaches were conceived: programmable network elements ("switches") and capsules, a programmability approach that places computation within packets traveling through the network. Treating packets as programs later became known as "active packets". Software-defined networking decouples the system that makes decisions about where traffic is sent (the control plane) from the underlying systems that forward traffic to the selected destination (the data plane). The concept of a programmable control plane originated at the University of Cambridge in the Systems Research Group, where (using virtual circuit identifiers available in Asynchronous Transfer Mode switches) multiple virtual control planes were made available on a single physical switch. Control Plane Technologies (CPT) was founded to commercialize this concept.
Fundamental challenges
Active network research addresses the nature of how best to incorporate extremely dynamic capability within networks.
In order to do this, active network research must address the problem of optimally allocating computation versus communicat
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghull%20railway%20station
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Maghull railway station is a railway station in Maghull, a suburb of Liverpool, England. It is situated on the Ormskirk branch of the Northern Line of the Merseyrail network. During the 2013/14 period, it was the tenth busiest station on the Merseyrail network and the busiest station to not provide an interchange between any other services. As of 2021/22, it is now the twelfth busiest station on the Merseyrail network and the third busiest station to not provide an interchange between other services.
History
The railway line between Walton Junction (near Liverpool) and Lostock Hall (near Preston) was proposed by the Liverpool, Ormskirk and Preston Railway, and was authorised by Act of Parliament on 18 August 1846. In October 1846, the company was leased to the East Lancashire Railway, which opened the line on 2 April 1849; among the original stations was that at Maghull.
Maghull was the last station on this branch in Merseyside before the county boundary with Lancashire, until Maghull North station opened in 2018.
Frank Hornby, the designer of Hornby model railways, lived in the Maghull area; he based the design for all railway stations for small towns and villages in the Hornby Trainset on Maghull station.
Facilities
There is a large 275-space car park situated on the site. There is also a taxi rank at the station, toilets, a shelter on the Ormskirk platform and a heated indoor shelter on the Liverpool platform. The staffed ticket booth (open from start to end of service) is located in the M to GO shop on the Ormskirk platform and there is an automatic ticket machine on the Liverpool platform. Train running information is provided by digital display screens, automated announcements and timetable posters. Step-free access is available to both platforms. There is a cycle rack for 6 cycles and secure cycle storage for 34 cycles.
Services
Trains operate between Ormskirk and Liverpool Central every 15 minutes during Monday to Saturday daytimes, and every 30 minutes in the evening and all day Sunday. The station is at street level and 2 small ramps provide access to the platforms. There is a level crossing at the south end (the only one on the Walton Junction to Ormskirk section) and a pedestrian footbridge linking each platform.
Gallery
References
External links
Railway stations in the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton
DfT Category E stations
Former Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1849
Railway stations served by Merseyrail
1849 establishments in England
Maghull
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aughton%20Park%20railway%20station
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Aughton Park railway station is a railway station that serves the village of Aughton, Lancashire, England, on the Ormskirk branch of the Northern Line of the Merseyrail network 11½ miles (19 km) north east of Liverpool Central. During the 2020/21 and 2021/22 periods, Aughton Park was the least used station on the Merseyrail Network.
History
The station is below ground level built into a cutting. Opened by the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway, Aughton Park Station was originally coupled with a freight siding, Crook's Sand Siding, which serviced two nearby quarries. The station became part of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway during the Grouping of 1923. The line then passed on to the London Midland Region of British Railways on nationalisation in 1948.
When sectorisation was introduced, the station was served by Regional Railways on behalf of the Merseyside PTE until the privatisation of British Railways.
Facilities
The station is staffed throughout the day (like all Merseytravel stations), with the ticket office open from start of service until the last train has called throughout the week. There are shelters on both platforms and a pay phone on platform 1. Train running information is provided by automated announcements and digital display screens. No step-free access to either platform is available.
Services
Trains operate every 15 minutes on Monday to Saturday daytimes between Ormskirk and Liverpool Central, and every 30 minutes at other times (evenings and Sundays).
References
Bibliography
Station on navigable O.S. map
External links
Railway stations in the Borough of West Lancashire
DfT Category E stations
Former Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1907
Railway stations served by Merseyrail
1907 establishments in England
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aintree%20railway%20station
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Aintree railway station is a railway station that serves the village of Aintree, Merseyside, England. It is on the Ormskirk branch of the Merseyrail network's Northern Line. Until 1968 it was known as Aintree Sefton Arms after a nearby public house. The station's design reflects that it is the closest station to Aintree Racecourse, where the annual Grand National horse race takes place.
History
Opened by the East Lancashire Railway in April 1849, then taken over by the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway ten years later, it became part of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway during the Grouping of 1923. The line then passed on to the London Midland Region of British Railways on nationalisation in 1948.
The L&YR electrified both routes from in 1906 (two years after a successful trial of the system on the neighbouring line to ), extending it subsequently as far as by 1913. The western end of the North Mersey Branch from Gladstone Dock & Bootle (which had opened in 1866 and joined the main line immediately south of the station) was also equipped with the third rail in 1914, though Gladstone Dock station only remained open for passenger trains until July 1924. Services henceforth ran to and on to Exchange until they were withdrawn by the British Transport Commission on 2 April 1951. The main line via Walton was also used by longer distance local & express trains from Exchange to , Blackpool, Scotland and East Lancashire in addition to the intensive electric commuter service and some of these also stopped at Aintree, especially when the nearby race course hosted the famous Grand National meeting.
The Ormskirk line was not included in the list of routes to be closed in the 1963 Beeching Report (unlike the other two routes from Liverpool Exchange), but the route was subsequently reviewed by BR and reprieved in 1966. This came at some cost though, as all through trains between Liverpool, Preston and East Lancashire were to be either re-routed via to Liverpool Lime Street or withdrawn altogether. These alterations were mainly carried out in 1969, with all through running beyond Ormskirk ceasing from 4 May 1970. Exchange then closed to passengers on 30 April 1977, with services henceforth being integrated into the Merseyrail Northern Line and running via the new Link tunnel to Liverpool Central from the following Monday (2 May).
The North Mersey line lost its connection into the docks in 1971, though it remained in use to serve a permanent way depot at Fazakerley until 1987 and for periodic engineers trains to/from Bootle & Edge Hill thereafter. It has seen no traffic since 2005, but Merseytravel has long-term ambitions to reopen it to passenger trains (as stated in the Liverpool City Region Long Term Rail Strategy published in 2014).
When Sectorisation was introduced, the station was served by Regional Railways on behalf of the Merseyside PTE until the Privatisation of British Railways.
Facilities
The station is staffed throughout the
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fazakerley%20railway%20station
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Fazakerley railway station is a railway station in Fazakerley, Liverpool, England. It is situated on the Kirkby branch of the Northern Line of the Merseyrail network.
History
The Liverpool and Bury Railway (L&BR) was authorised in 1845, but while it was under construction, the L&BR amalgamated with the Manchester and Leeds Railway (M&LR) in 1846, and the M&LR in turn was renamed the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway in 1847. The line opened on 20 November 1848; one of the original stations was Simonswood. This station was renamed twice: it had become Aintree by 1850, and in March 1860 it took its present name Fazakerley to avoid confusion with the nearby station on a different line, which had opened in 1849.
At the time of opening, the mileage of the station was from Bury, but this has since been amended to from via Wigan.
To the north-east of the station is Fazakerley Junction, from Manchester Victoria, which is where the North Mersey Branch once headed westwards towards . The branch has closed, but the junction remains as the point where the double track out of Liverpool becomes single track for the last few miles into . The line eastwards was singled in May 1970, though through running beyond Kirkby (to Wigan Wallgate and ) continued until the inauguration of electric operation in May 1977.
Facilities
In common with most Merseyrail stations, it is staffed throughout the day - the street-level ticket office opens 15 minutes prior to start of service and closes at 00:25 each evening (including Sundays). At platform level, there are digital display screens, timetable posters and shelters on each side; a P.A system also provides automated train running information. The ticket office is linked to the platforms via a footbridge - this has a lift installed on each side to provide step-free access. There are cycle racks for 4 cycles and secure cycle storage for 20 cycles.
Services
The station is currently served by two trains per hour in each direction on all days of the week between and . Services are operated using EMUs.
In the future, the service will be increased to up to four trains per hour in each direction as more battery operated Class 777 trains become available.
Notes
References
External links
Railway stations in Liverpool
DfT Category E stations
Former Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1848
Railway stations served by Merseyrail
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chynna%20Ortaleza
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Lara Serena Roque Ortaleza-Cipriano (born December 6, 1982), professionally known as Chynna Ortaleza, is a Filipino actress, television host, and model. She is currently a contract star of GMA Network. She is also Vice President for Production & Artist Management for OC Records a fast rising music & entertainment agency in the Philippines.
Career
Ortaleza landed her first TV gig as a junior reporter on the children's magazine show 5 and Up. She left the show after three years to concentrate on her studies. She returned to acting after graduating from high school, when she became known as Sprite's Kitikitxt girl via a popular TV commercial that launched her showbusiness career.
Ortaleza was later cast as Mimi on GMA Network's teen drama, Click, where she starred next to Richard Gutierrez.
In 2004, Ortaleza began to focus on her hosting career. After the success of the first season of StarStruck, Ortaleza hosted the StarStruck'''s Friday live show, Stage 1 Live, with Cogie Domingo and Raymond Gutierrez. Stage 1 Live was cancelled after one season. She was then added to the new youth segment of SOP (Sobrang Okey Pare), titled as SOP Gimikada then changed to SOP Gigsters. She was then cast as host in the second season of 3R with Iza Calzado and Bettina Carlos. She was also a cast member of Joyride.
In 2010 to 2012, she played more than five major villainess character roles.
In 2013, Ortaleza was cast as the hard-hearted and soft-spoken Minerva on Kakambal ni Eliana, along with Sherilyn Reyes-Tan and Lexi Fernandez, the three of them are the lead villains to the main heroine, Eliana. Ortaleza's character in the end became snake and tries to murder Eliana as a revenge for Nora's demise (Sherilyn Reyes-Tan).
In 2005, Ortaleza appeared in the first issue of Pump Magazine. She was also a part of Metro Magazine and FHMs "100 Sexiest Women in the World."
Ortaleza then starred in the soap opera Sugo and joined the MTV VJ Hunt to become one of the 16 finalists.
Though she did not win the title, she got the People Choice awards.
For the year 2006, Ortaleza was on the list again of FHM 100 sexiest women.
In 2014 she played as Colleen on Second Chances and on 2018 she played the kind-hearted and tough Lynette on Victor Magtanggol. Her Lynette character was slightly hateful to her mother for abandoning them but later learns to forgive her.
Personal life
In November 2015, Ortaleza married singer and actor Kean Cipriano. On April 20, 2016, the couple had their first child, a daughter named Stellar. The name of their daughter was inspired by one of the songs of their favorite band Incubus. On September 25, 2019, Ortaleza gave birth to their son, Salem. The name of their son means "peace" in Hebrew.
Filmography
Television
Film
(2002) Bakit Papa as Chiqui
(2003) Mano Po 2: My Home as Yna
(2004) Kuya as Jill
(2005) Kilig, Pintig, Yanig as Mitch
(2009) Forget Me Not as Karla
(2012) Migrante as Edna
(2013) Menor de Edad as Nancy
(2013) Ano Ang Kulay Ng Mga
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dust%3A%20A%20Tale%20of%20the%20Wired%20West
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Dust: A Tale of The Wired West is a computer game made for PC and Macintosh. It was released on June 30, 1995, and was produced by Cyberflix and published by GTE Entertainment.
The game is a point-and-click adventure in which the player, playing a character called The Stranger, travels around a virtual old western desert town in the New Mexico desert in 1882. In addition to the main gameplay, there are several minigames in Dust, including blackjack and poker games where the player can choose to play honestly or cheat, and a shooting range which helps prepare the player for a later segment of the game.
The characters encountered in Dust are rendered by way of photographs of professional actors given limited animation in sync with dialogue. A later game produced by the same company, Titanic: Adventure Out of Time, uses the same technique and contains several references to Dust, including a reappearance of the character Buick Riviera.
Dust: A Tale of the Wired West—The Official Strategy Guide (Prima Publishing, 1995; re-released by the author, 2019) was written by Steve Schwartz in cooperation with Cyberflix.
Story
Set in 1882, the game opens by introducing the mysterious protagonist known only as "the Stranger", who is playing cards with a fictionalized version of Billy the Kid in an unknown town in the American West. The Stranger discovers that The Kid is cheating, and The Kid draws his gun and begins firing. After stabbing The Kid with an ornate Plains Indian dagger, The Stranger runs out of the saloon and escapes. In the early morning hours, The Stranger finds himself in the desert town of Diamondback, New Mexico, whose inhabitants treat him with suspicion. The Stranger discovers that there is a target range, a general store, a saloon, a brothel, and a mining camp with a cockfighting ring (though the mining camp cannot be visited). The Mayor's daughter, Marie Macintosh, recognizes The Stranger. It is revealed that The Stranger has some renown for fighting in the Comanche Wars.
The Stranger trades for a new pair of boots which were recovered from a corpse. He then learns that local sheriff William Purvis was recently murdered, and that a local resident who immigrated from Malmö, Sweden has Purvis' six-shot revolver concealed in the bucket of the well from which he waters his pigs. During the night, The Stranger takes the stolen revolver for himself. Later, The Stranger uses a distraction to steal a cache of ammunition from Levon Deadnettle by giving him some risqué burlesque photographs to put in his collection. The Stranger has to save "Help", a Chinese storekeeper, whose shop is about to be burnt down by brothers Cobb and Dale Belcher, drunkard troublemakers who come from a battered family. The two were motivated to drive out "Help" because U.S. President Chester A. Arthur had recently signed the Chinese Exclusion Act. The Stranger uses force to stop the two men, winning support from much of the town and receiving the post of town sheriff.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Less%20Than%20Hero
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"Less Than Hero" is the fourth episode episode in the fourth season of the American animated television series Futurama, and the 58th episode of the series overall. It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 2, 2003. The episode was directed by Susie Dietter and written by Ron Weiner. The plot centers on Fry, Leela, and Bender as they masquerade as superheroes after being granted superpowers through the use of 'miracle cream'. The subplot focuses on the relationship between Leela and her parents. The episode's title itself is a play on the Brett Easton Ellis novel Less than Zero, as well as the 1987 film of the same name.
Plot
Professor Farnsworth orders a supercollider from πKEA; after assembling it, Fry and Leela are left with sore muscles, so Dr. Zoidberg prescribes them "Dr. Flimflam's Miracle Cream". While Fry and Leela are returning the broken supercollider to the store, a homeless man attempts to mug them, but Fry and Leela fight back. They discover they are immune to laser fire and physical attacks, a side effect of the 'miracle cream'; they also gain the abilities of super strength and super speed. They form a team of superheroes, the New Justice Team, taking the names "Captain Yesterday", and "Clobberella", with Bender joining them as "Super King".
Leela makes a visit to CitiHall, and procures a special one-day surface pass for her mutant parents from the sewers. Shortly after, the mayor summons the New Justice Team to deal with a criminal threat. The Museum of Natural History is going to be robbed of the Quantum Gemerald at 9 a.m. by a criminal mastermind called the Zookeeper, who uses trained animals to aid him in his crimes.
Leela, planning her day, schedules her parents' surface visit for 10 a.m. at the same museum. Her plans are ruined when the Zookeeper is an hour late for the theft. The New Justice Team foils the robbery, but the Zookeeper escapes. Leela's parents are convinced that Leela did not meet them because she is ashamed of them.
Leela makes a trip to her parents' home, where she apologizes. They forgive her, saying she could never disappoint them, but her guilt is too much for her to bear, and she reveals her superhero identity, so her parents understand why she did not meet them. Leela swears them to secrecy for their own protection, but Morris cannot hold his tongue for long and tells his friends, and the word spreads. Planet Express receives a call from the Zookeeper, who has kidnapped Leela's parents. He is willing to ransom them for the Quantum Gemerald, which he demands they steal for him.
The New Justice Team resolves to steal the gem. They have run out of miracle cream and are forced to commit the robbery without superpowers. The museum guards still think The New Justice Team have superpowers, and the Gemerald is retrieved successfully. They give the Quantum Gemerald to the Zookeeper, who releases Leela's parents and escapes. Leela and her parents resolve their issues. Bender and Fry s
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachael%20Ray%27s%20Tasty%20Travels
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Rachael Ray's Tasty Travels is a television show based on cook Rachael Ray and her travels around the world. The show is similar to her 2002 Food Network show, $40 a Day, however she is not restricted by a budget and showcases food from more upscale eateries. She tries different types of food from each place she visits, and gives a "Hot List of Values", which includes some of her favorite places visited from $40 a Day. The show airs on the Food Network and is her fourth Food Network program. It first aired on August 26, 2005. She provides voiceovers for most of the show and is shown at only one or two places. Her husband, John Cusimano, usually accompanies her at the one or two restaurants she visits per episode. The show was developed with Producer Wade Sheeler following the success of her first travel show on Food Network, $40 a Day.
Forty-one episodes were produced during the series' first two years; Ray stated on a September 7, 2007 appearance on Late Show with David Letterman that she had just completed work on twenty additional episodes, which had begun airing the previous week.
References
External links
2005 American television series debuts
2000s American reality television series
Food travelogue television series
Food Network original programming
2009 American television series endings
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Fikes
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Richard Earl Fikes (born October 4, 1942) is a computer scientist and Professor (Research) Emeritus in the Computer Science department of Stanford University. He is professionally active as a consultant and expert witness. He led Stanford's Knowledge Systems Laboratory from 1991 to 2006, and has held appointments at Berkeley, Carnegie-Mellon, Price Waterhouse Technology Centre, Xerox PARC, and SRI International.
Early life and education
Fikes was born in Mobile, Alabama, and lived most of his early life in San Antonio, Texas. He graduated from Sam Houston High School (San Antonio, Texas) in 1960, received a B.A. degree in mathematics from the University of Texas at Austin in 1963, and received an M.A. degree in mathematics from the University of Texas at Austin in 1965. Fikes received his Ph.D. in computer science from Carnegie Mellon University in 1968.
Career
Fikes' research activities have primarily been in developing techniques for effectively representing and using knowledge in computer systems—a sub-field of artificial intelligence generally known as knowledge representation and reasoning. He was a co-developer of the STRIPS automatic planning system, the Knowledge Interchange Format language for interchange of logical knowledge bases, the Ontolingua ontology engineering environment, and IntelliCorp's Knowledge Engineering Environment (KEE). He also worked on the Shakey the Robot project at SRI International. Before joining the faculty at Stanford University, he held positions at SRI International, Xerox PARC, IntelliCorp, and the Price Waterhouse Technology Center.
Fikes retired from his positions of Professor (Research) in the Computer Science department of Stanford University and director of Stanford's Knowledge Systems Laboratory in 2006. He was given a retirement party that was a large gathering of early luminaries in the field of artificial intelligence. A video from that party showing tributes and a career reflections speech by Fikes can be found at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vl2XBb2uGLw.
Memberships and awards
Fikes has published numerous articles in journals and conference proceedings, and has also served as editor of several professional journals in artificial intelligence and related areas. Fikes has also chaired, co-chaired, organized, or served on the program committee of numerous professional conferences and symposia. In 1990 he was elected as a Fellow of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.
References
Artificial intelligence researchers
Carnegie Mellon University alumni
Living people
1942 births
Fellows of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence
SRI International people
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom%20Cross%20%28computer%20security%29
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Tom Cross (born 1976), also known as Decius, is an American computer security expert and hacker.
Early life
Cross was born in 1976 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and grew up in Tennessee. His father worked in telecommunications policy and his mother was a Registered Nurse's Assistant. He attended Brentwood High School in Brentwood, Tennessee, before attending Georgia Tech in Atlanta, receiving a bachelor's degree in computer engineering.
Security work
He co-founded the EFGA (Electronic Frontiers Georgia) in 1995. In 1996, he co-founded Computer Sentry Software, known for their award-winning "CyberAngel" software, a laptop anti-theft program. From 1999 to 2000, he was Chief Engineer at Dataway, a computer security firm in San Francisco. From 2000 to 2001 he worked at iAsiaWorks, as the Director of Global Security Engineering. In 2001, he founded Industrial Memetics, which developed the popular collaborative blogging community MemeStreams.
Cross has been a speaker at several technology conferences, including PhreakNIC; Summercon; "The First International Hackers' Conference in Seoul Korea" (IS2K); "InternetWorld" in Singapore; and APRICOT, the Asia-Pacific Regional Internet Conference on Operational Technologies. He was also among the attendees at the first ever Def Con. He is known for extensive "rant" essays and speeches on technology and policy. He has also been a co-host on episodes of "Binary Revolution", as a cryptography expert.
Writing
"An open letter to PFIR on "Whois" privacy", Politech listserv, June 24, 2004
"DNS WHOIS: Barking up the wrong tree", CircleID, June 28, 2004
"The Road Ahead for Top-Level Domains", Vint Cerf answers three of Tom's questions in an interview, CircleID, March 13, 2006
"Academic freedom and the hacker ethic", Communications of the ACM, June 2006.
"Puppy smoothies: Improving the reliability of open, collaborative wikis", First Monday, September 2006.
References
External links
Decius's page at MemeStreams
Binary Revolution
Industrial Memetics Institute
PhreakNIC technology conference
MemeStreams Weblog Community
1976 births
Living people
American technology writers
Canadian expatriates in the United States
Scientists from Toronto
Writers from Toronto
Georgia Tech alumni
Computer security specialists
American computer scientists
People from Brentwood, Tennessee
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Develop
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Develop or DEVELOP may refer to:
Develop (magazine), a trade publication for the video game industry
Develop (Apple magazine), a technical magazine formerly published by Apple Computer
Develop (chess), moving a piece from its original square
Develop (producer), hip hop producer known as DVLP
A stage in photographic processing
See also
Development (disambiguation)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mg%20%28text%20editor%29
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mg, originally called MicroGnuEmacs (and later changed at the request of Richard Stallman), is a public-domain text editor that runs on Unix-like operating systems. It is based on MicroEMACS, but intended to more closely resemble GNU Emacs while still maintaining a small memory footprint and fast speed. An expanded version of the original is included as part of OpenBSD, where it is maintained, and snapshots of the OpenBSD version are available in the native package management trees of many other systems, including MacPorts, FreeBSD Ports, pkgsrc and Debian.
History
Nov 16, 1986: First release to mod.sources, according to the README
Mar 3, 1987: First release (mg1a) via comp.sources.unix
May 26, 1988: Second release: (mg2a) via comp.sources.misc
Jan 26, 1992: Linux port released by Charles Hedrick. This version later makes its way onto tsx-11, Infomagic, and various other Linux repositories.
Feb 25, 2000: First import into the OpenBSD tree, where it is currently maintained
May 20, 2001: OpenBSD's mg is imported into FreeBSD Ports
See also
List of text editors
Comparison of text editors
References
External links
OpenBSD's mg man page.
Han Boetes' portable version of OpenBSD's mg.
Browsable source code of mg at BXR.SU OpenGrok
Unix text editors
Free text editors
Emacs
OpenBSD
Public-domain software with source code
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian%20Krebs
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Brian Krebs (born 1972) is an American journalist and investigative reporter. He is best known for his coverage of profit-seeking cybercriminals. Krebs is the author of a daily blog, KrebsOnSecurity.com, covering computer security and cybercrime. From 1995 to 2009, Krebs was a reporter for The Washington Post and covered tech policy, privacy and computer security as well as authoring the Security Fix blog.
Early life and education
Born in 1972 in Alabama, Krebs earned a B.A. in International Relations from George Mason University in 1994. His interest in cybercriminals grew after a computer worm locked him out of his own computer in 2001.
Career
1999–2007
Krebs started his career at The Washington Post in the circulation department. From there, he obtained a job as a copy aide in the Post newsroom, where he split his time between sorting mail and taking dictation from reporters in the field. Krebs also worked as an editorial aide for the editorial department and the financial desk. In 1999, Krebs went to work as a staff writer for Newsbytes.com, a technology newswire owned by The Washington Post.
When the Post sold Newsbytes in 2002, Krebs transitioned to Washingtonpost.com in Arlington, Virginia as a full-time staff writer. Krebs's stories appeared in both the print edition of the paper and Washingtonpost.com. In 2005, Krebs launched the Security Fix blog, a daily blog centered around computer security, cyber crime and tech policy. In December 2009, Krebs left Washingtonpost.com and launched KrebsOnSecurity.com.
Krebs has focused his reporting at his blog on the fallout from the activities of several organized cybercrime groups operating out of eastern Europe that have stolen tens of millions of dollars from small to mid-sized businesses through online banking fraud. Krebs has written more than 75 stories about small businesses and other organizations that were victims of online banking fraud, an increasingly costly and common form of cybercrime.
Krebs wrote a series of investigative stories that culminated in the disconnection or dissolution of several Internet service providers that experts said catered primarily to cyber criminals. In August 2008, a series of articles he wrote for The Washington Posts Security Fix blog led to the unplugging of a northern California based hosting provider known as Intercage or Atrivo.
During that same time, Krebs published a two-part investigation on illicit activity at domain name registrar EstDomains, one of Atrivo's biggest customers, showing that the company's president, Vladimir Tšaštšin, recently had been convicted of credit card fraud, document forgery and money laundering. Two months later, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), the entity charged with overseeing the domain registration industry, revoked EstDomains' charter, noting that Tšaštšin's convictions violated an ICANN policy that prohibits officers of a registrar from having a criminal record. In November 2011
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PlanetLab
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PlanetLab was a group of computers available as a testbed for computer networking and distributed systems research. It was established in 2002 by Prof. Larry L. Peterson and Prof. David Culler, and as of June 2010, it was composed of 1090 nodes at 507 sites worldwide. Each research project had a "slice", or virtual machine access to a subset of the nodes.
Accounts were limited to persons affiliated with corporations and universities that hosted PlanetLab nodes. However, a number of free, public services have been deployed on PlanetLab, including CoDeeN, the Coral Content Distribution Network, and Open DHT. Open DHT was taken down on 1 July 2009.
PlanetLab was officially shut down in May 2020 but continues in Europe.
References
External links
PlanetLab
PlanetLab Europe
Software testing
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidden%20subgroup%20problem
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The hidden subgroup problem (HSP) is a topic of research in mathematics and theoretical computer science. The framework captures problems such as factoring, discrete logarithm, graph isomorphism, and the shortest vector problem. This makes it especially important in the theory of quantum computing because Shor's algorithm for factoring in quantum computing is an instance of the hidden subgroup problem for finite abelian groups, while the other problems correspond to finite groups that are not abelian.
Problem statement
Given a group , a subgroup , and a set , we say a function hides the subgroup if for all if and only if . Equivalently, is constant on the cosets of H, while it is different between the different cosets of H.
Hidden subgroup problem: Let be a group, a finite set, and a function that hides a subgroup . The function is given via an oracle, which uses bits. Using information gained from evaluations of via its oracle, determine a generating set for .
A special case is when is a group and is a group homomorphism in which case corresponds to the kernel of .
Motivation
The hidden subgroup problem is especially important in the theory of quantum computing for the following reasons.
Shor's algorithm for factoring and for finding discrete logarithms (as well as several of its extensions) relies on the ability of quantum computers to solve the HSP for finite abelian groups.
The existence of efficient quantum algorithms for HSPs for certain non-abelian groups would imply efficient quantum algorithms for two major problems: the graph isomorphism problem and certain shortest vector problems (SVPs) in lattices. More precisely, an efficient quantum algorithm for the HSP for the symmetric group would give a quantum algorithm for the graph isomorphism. An efficient quantum algorithm for the HSP for the dihedral group would give a quantum algorithm for the unique SVP.
Algorithms
There is an efficient quantum algorithm for solving HSP over finite abelian groups in time polynomial in . For arbitrary groups, it is known that the hidden subgroup problem is solvable using a polynomial number of evaluations of the oracle. However, the circuits that implement this may be exponential in , making the algorithm not efficient overall; efficient algorithms must be polynomial in the number of oracle evaluations and running time. The existence of such an algorithm for arbitrary groups is open. Quantum polynomial time algorithms exist for certain subclasses of groups, such as semi-direct products of some abelian groups.
Algorithm for abelian groups
The algorithm for abelian groups uses representations, i.e. homomorphisms from to , the general linear group over the complex numbers. A representation is irreducible if it cannot be expressed as the direct product of two or more representations of . For an abelian group, all the irreducible representations are the characters, which are the representations of dimension one; there are no irredu
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raya%20Jet
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RayaJet (or RAYAJET or Raya Jet) is an airline based in Amman, Jordan which was launched in April 2005 and specializes in private jet charters.
Code data
ICAO Code: RYT
Fleet
RayaJet operates one Challenger CL-601 aircraft
External links
Official website
Airlines of Jordan
Airlines established in 2005
Jordanian companies established in 2005
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London%20station%20group
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The London station group is a group of 18 railway stations served by the National Rail network in central London. The group contains all 14 terminal stations in central London, either serving major national services or local commuter routes, and 4 other through-stations that are considered terminals for ticketing purposes. All current stations in the group fall within London fare zone 1. A ticket marked "London Terminals" allows travel to any station in the group via any permitted route, as determined by the National Routeing Guide.
Most London terminal stations were developed in the mid-19th century during the initial boom of rail transport. Many stations were built around the edge of central London, stopping at what is now the London Inner Ring Road, because it was prohibitively expensive to build right into the centre, and because each railway was owned by a private company competing with the others. The creation of the London Underground provided a practical connection to the various terminals, which continues to be the case as of the 21st century. Many of the stations have been upgraded and modernised to provide a greater capacity and connections to the network; the first London terminal, London Bridge has been rebuilt and expanded on numerous occasions, and of the major 19th century terminals, only Broad Street and Holborn Viaduct have closed. The latter was replaced by the nearby City Thameslink.
The London terminals had a significant impact on the local area. Originally, the demolition of poor properties, particularly south of the River Thames, caused blight and deprived areas around the station. This has changed in the 21st century, where development around the main terminals has been well-received and attracted occupants and businesses.
Definition
Until 1970, railway tickets to London were issued to a specific named terminal. From April of that year, Southern Region terminals were grouped together as a "notional common station" called "LONDON S.R."; tickets issued to this destination were valid to Blackfriars, Cannon Street, Charing Cross, Holborn Viaduct, London Bridge, Vauxhall, Victoria, Waterloo and Waterloo East. The concept was extended to the rest of London's terminals with effect from British Rail's fares update of May 1983, when the London station group was created: "as part of the progress towards simplification of routes and a reduction of [separate fares] ... a common origin/destination of LONDON BR has been adopted for most London fares". Tickets to the London station group were issued to "LONDON BR" until January 1989, when the name "LONDON BRIT RAIL" was adopted. After the privatisation of British Rail, the name "LONDON" on its own was used from the end of 1997 until April 1998, when the present designation "LONDON TERMINALS" was introduced.
All stations in the London group are in London fare zone 1 and most are at the end of a railway line. This includes major national terminals such as , , and King's Cross, and
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clearing%20house
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Clearing house or Clearinghouse may refer to:
Banking and finance
Clearing house (finance)
Automated clearing house
ACH Network, an electronic network for financial transactions in the U.S.
Bankers' clearing house
Cheque clearing
Clearing House (EU), an EU intelligence body
Clearing House Association, a New York trade group and banking association
Clearing House Automated Transfer System (HK), a real-time gross settlement system in Hong Kong
The Clearing House Payments Company, an American check clearing and wholesale funds transfer company
The Clearing House, its parent organization
Bank Policy Institute, an entity which subsumed the Clearing House Association, a former arm of The Clearing House
Clearstream, a post-trade services provider
Euroclear, a Belgian financial services company
New York Clearing House, first and largest U.S. bank clearing house
Pan-European automated clearing house
Other uses
Clearing House, California
WAC Clearinghouse, publishes open-access journals, books, and other resources
Access to Information Central Clearing House (UK)
Central Register and Clearing House, an administrative organization in teacher education in England and Wales
See also
Clearing (finance)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dancing%20with%20the%20Stars%20%28Australian%20TV%20series%29
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Dancing with the Stars is an Australian light entertainment reality show which originally aired on the Seven Network from 2004 to 2015 and on Network 10 from 2019 to 2020. When it was on the Seven Network, it was broadcast live from the HSV-7 studios (now Global Television studios) in Melbourne; on Network 10 it aired live from Disney Studios Australia in Sydney and Docklands Studios in Melbourne.
The show is based on the British BBC Television series Strictly Come Dancing and is part of BBC Worldwide's international Dancing with the Stars franchise.
The show pairs celebrities with professional ballroom dancers who each week compete against each other in a dance-off to impress a panel of judges and ultimately the viewing public in order to survive potential elimination. Through telephone and SMS voting, viewers vote for the duo they think should remain in the competition. Judges' scores are combined with the viewer votes when determining which duo is eliminated.
History
2004–2015: Seven's original iteration
The show debuted in a short run from October to November 2004, then returned the following February.
The show was a ratings success averaging around 2 million viewers a week nationally during its peak which places the series at number 1 of the entire day.
The logo used for the first seven series of Dancing with the Stars is similar to the logo used by Strictly Come Dancing. The logo used for the eighth series and beyond is similar to that used by the US version of Dancing with the Stars.
The program ended after 15 seasons when the Seven Network announced in October 2016 it would not renew the program, despite previously suggesting a sixteenth season would air in 2017.
2019–2020: 10's iteration
In September 2018, Network 10 announced the series would be revived and hosted by television presenters and former contestants Grant Denyer and Amanda Keller. The revival premiered on 18 February 2019. In October 2019, the series was renewed for a seventeenth season, which premiered on 9 February 2020.
In October 2020, Network 10 announced the revived series would not return in 2021.
2021–present: Seven's second iteration
In December 2020, Seven announced they have re-gained the rights to the series, and will be bringing the show back with an All-Stars edition in 2021. The series was filmed at the ICC in Sydney during March 2021. The season premiered on 11 April 2021. In March 2023, the series was renewed for a 20th season which premiered on 18 June 2023, the season all-stars and featured all first time contestants.
Cast
Hosts
From seasons 1 to 7 and since season 18, entertainment legend Daryl Somers and dancer/actress/television presenter Sonia Kruger have been the two primary hosts. For season 8, Somers was replaced by actor Daniel MacPherson, when Somers returned to the Nine network to host the rebooted Hey Hey, It's Saturday. Kruger continued to co-host with MacPherson, until the start of season 12, when she also defected to the Nine net
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nether%20Earth
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Nether Earth is one of the earliest computer real-time strategy games. It was released for the Amstrad CPC, ZX Spectrum and Commodore 64 in 1987. It was published in the United Kingdom by Argus Press Software and re-released in Spain by Mind Games Espana S.A.
Plot
The player takes the control of the human side in a war against the mysterious Insignian race. All of the warfare is carried out by enormous military robots.
Gameplay
The player controls a flying machine which can fly over any part of the play-area and is used to command the player's bases and robots. In essence it replaces a mouse cursor, but it can hinder the robots' movement. The player must build robots and give them orders to seek out and attack Insignian robots and capture neutral or enemy factories to increase production and thus aid the war effort. Once a robot is issued an order it will keep being active until all its targets have been conquered or destroyed, the robot itself is destroyed, or other orders are received. The ultimate objective is to capture or destroy all the enemy bases and thus win the war. Everything takes place in real-time with the action being ongoing rather than turn-based. Because the player's view of the battlefield is limited to where their flying-machine is, much of the front-line fighting is left to the machines whilst the player concentrates on building more robots. However the player can choose to take direct control over one of his/her robots and effectively use it in a commando style to capture factories and bases and to destroy enemy robots. The game is displayed in forced-perspective isometric graphics.
Building robots takes place at the player bases (called warbases) and consists in the player selecting a number of modules that robots will be built from. Modules can be categorized in 4 types: locomotion, weapons, nuclear bombs and electronics. There are 3 types of locomotion modules (Bipod, Tracks and Anti-Grav) and 3 types of weapon modules (Cannon, Missiles and Phasers). The modules' efficiency increases in the specified order, with the Anti-Grav (anti-gravity) module enabling robots to pass over uneven terrain at maximum speed. One locomotion module and at least one weapons module must be added to every robot, but robots can be built with all 3 weapon modules as well. Adding nuclear bombs and electronics modules is optional, however the electronics module enhances robots' pathfinding.
Once the player captures factories, receiving resources begins without any other action required from the player or his/her units. Resource types largely correspond to the module types and consist of: Electronics, Nuclear, Phasers, Missile, Cannon, Chassis and General. Each factory produces only one type of resource, alongside General resources, indicated by a copy of the corresponding module on the top of the building, thus the player can concentrate on conquering only those factories that produce the resources he plans on using.
Legacy
An open-source r
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XrossMediaBar
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The XrossMediaBar (pronounced "cross-media bar" and officially abbreviated as XMB) is a graphical user interface developed by Sony Computer Entertainment. The interface features icons that are spread horizontally across the screen. Navigation moves the icons, instead of a cursor. These icons are used as categories to organize the options available to the user. When an icon is selected on the horizontal bar, several more appear vertically, above and below it. They, in turn, are selectable by the up and down directions on a directional pad.
Originally used on the PSX (a PlayStation 2 with an integrated digital video recorder), the XMB is used as the default interface on both the PlayStation Portable and PlayStation 3. Since 2006, it has also been used in high-end WEGA TVs, the Bravia starting with the 3000 (only in S-series and above), the Sony XEL-1 OLED TV, HDTV set-top boxes, Blu-ray players, some Sony Cyber-shot cameras and the high-end AV receivers. The Sony Ericsson K850, W595, W760, W910 and Aino feature a version of the XMB as their media menu. The XMB is also the menu system in the new generation of Sony's Bravia TVs. Sony also added the XMB to its Vaio laptops.
The interface won the Technology & Engineering Emmy Award for "Outstanding Innovation and Achievement in Advanced Media Technology for the Best Use of Personal Media Display and Presentation Technology" in 2006.
The XMB has been phased out starting with the PlayStation Vita, which adopted a new touch-based user interface called LiveArea. On February 20, 2013, the PlayStation 4 was announced, and a new, non-XMB, user interface was shown. Sony Bravia smart televisions continued to use it until 2014, when both an unnamed interface with Smart TV functionality and Android TV were phased in.
PlayStation Portable
From left to right, the categories are these: Settings, Extras, Photo, Music, Video, TV (Only available in countries that use the 1seg broadcasting service), Game, Network, and PlayStation Network. Once a category is selected, its options appear below the icon, selectable by pressing the button (for European and North American version), or button (Asian versions only). Going back is possible by pressing the left directional button or the button (for European and North American version), or button (Asian versions only). Some items have an option menu that can be displayed by pressing the button. The XMB is capable of limited multitasking. This is accessed by pushing the "Home" button on the PSP-1000 and PSP-2000 and the "PS" button on the PSP-3000 and PSPgo while listening to music, looking at photos, etc. This feature can be used to watch a video, look at a photo, listen to music, and look at the current web page, all while browsing the XMB. However, what is in the background will be cancelled if any item is accessed on the XMB (except if viewing pictures while listening to music). The background color on the XMB changes color depending on the current month. On a PSP wi
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian%20Federal%20Roads%20System
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Malaysian Federal Roads System (), is the main national road network in Malaysia. All Federal Roads in Malaysia are under the purview of the Ministry of Works (MOW). According to the Ministerial Functions Act 1969, the MOW is responsible to plan, build and maintain all Federal Roads gazetted under the Federal Roads Act 1959. However, most of the Federal roads' projects were built and maintained by the Malaysian Public Works Department (JKR), which is also one of the implementing agencies under the MOW (with the exception of Sabah and Sarawak, whereby JKR in these two states is under respective state government).
History
Most of the federal roads in Peninsular Malaysia were built during the British colonial era before 1957. At that time, the British government built the roads in order to enable them to transport goods and commodities easier.
In Sabah, most of the federal roads were built during the occupation of British North Borneo under North Borneo Chartered Company administration, and unlike most federal roads in Peninsular Malaysia which uses only numbers to label federal roads, Sabah federal road codes begin with the letter A followed by route number.
However, in Sarawak, no road network system was developed during the rule of White Rajah Brooke dynasty. As a result, right after Sarawak joined the federation of Malaysia on 16 September 1963, the federal government of Malaysia began to build a road network system connecting Sarawak to Sabah, known as Pan Borneo Highway.
Federal road standards
Overview
According to Malaysian Road Statistics 2021 by Public Works Department (JKR) Malaysia. The total length of federal roads is and state roads is (Grand total for federal/state roads is as of December 2021, not included local road and rural road under local government authority).
(Source: Malaysian Road Statistics 2021)
Federal routes are labeled with only numbers, for example Federal Route 1, while state routes are labeled with the state code letter followed by assigned numbers; for example Route (J)32 is a Johor state road. However, federal route numbers can also be added with the
FT- prefix, which is normally used by JKR and Malaysian police. For example, Federal Route 1 can also be written as Federal Route FT1. Both federal and state roads have blue road signs and the text colour is white.
Most of the federal roads in Malaysia are two-lane roads. Malaysia implements a right-hand driving system where drivers drive on the left side of the road. However, there are in certain places where additional lanes are available. In town areas, federal roads may become four-lane roads to increase traffic capacity. In hilly areas, additional third climbing lane is available for slower vehicles such as buses and lorries.
Some federal roads may have motorcycle lanes. On Malaysian federal roads, the motorcycle lanes are placed at the extreme left side of each direction and only separated from the main lanes by black-and-white stripes to enable motorc
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPnotebook
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GPnotebook is a British medical database for general practitioners (GPs). It is an online encyclopaedia of medicine that provides an immediate reference resource for clinicians worldwide. The database consists of over 30,000 index terms and over two million words of information. GPnotebook is provided online by Oxbridge Solutions Limited.
GPnotebook website is primarily designed with the needs of general practitioners (GPs) in mind, and written by a variety of specialists, ranging from paediatrics to accident and emergency.
The original idea for the database began in the canteen of John Radcliffe Hospital in 1990 while James McMorran, a first-year Oxford University clinical student, was writing up his medical notes. Instead of writing notes in longhand, he wrote his notes in ‘mind maps’ of packets of information linking different concepts and conditions in a two-dimensional representation of clinical knowledge. James discussed with Stewart McMorran (then a medical student at Cambridge University and a talented computer programmer) this way of representing medical knowledge and between them they created the authoring software to produce linking ‘packets’ of information in a database. This first authoring software and database was the origin of what today is GPnotebook. It was, in effect, a medical ‘Wiki’ over 16 years before the first ‘Wiki’!
Initially, James used the authoring software alone to capture his own clinical learning. There was interest from other medical students at Oxford and in the end a team of six authors (mainly Oxford medical students) became the founding (and continuing) principal authors of GPnotebook. Among them was Damian Crowther who, in time, took over the role of technical lead for the project. James takes the role of editorial lead for the website. Damian developed the software for the web version of the database which was released on the worldwide web in 2001 as GPnotebook.
GPnotebook is used within consultation by general practitioners and is often used to access information about rare diseases
References
External links
Two Innovative Online Companies Improve Access To Information For Medical Professionals
A RCGP article describing the history of GPnotebook
Online databases
British medical websites
Biological databases
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharp%20MZ
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The Sharp MZ is a series of personal computers sold in Japan and Europe (particularly Germany and Great Britain) by Sharp beginning in 1978.
History
Although commonly believed to stand for "Microcomputer Z80", the term MZ actually has its roots in the MZ-40K, a home computer kit produced by Sharp in 1978 which was based on Fujitsu's 4-bit MB8843 processor and provided a simple hexadecimal keypad for input. This was soon followed by the MZ-80K, K2, C, and K2E, all of which were based on 8-bit LH0080A Sharp CPU (compatible to Zilog Z80A) with an alphanumeric keyboard.
From the first Z80 processor-based model to the MZ-2200 in 1983, the MZ computers included the PC, monitor, keyboard, and tape-based recorder in a single unit, similar to Commodore's PET series. It was also notable for not including a programming language or operating system in ROM. This invited a host of third-party companies, starting with Hudson Soft, to produce many languages and OSes for the system. In an era when floppy disk drives were too expensive for most home users, the MZ's built-in cassette tape drive was faster and more reliable than the cassette storage on some competing computers;
however, this meant that the MZ series was relatively slow to adopt floppy drives as a standard accessory.
In 1983, after the most popular home computers appeared in the UK, the Sharp MZ-700 was briefly the 10th best selling machine out of 20 considered, beating the Apple IIe, Atari 800 and TI-99/4A.
On 21 December 2012, SHARP published PDF files of manuals for the MZ-80 on their official Twitter page. It was promoted as a "Christmas present" to fans. As of 27 December 2012 the manuals had been downloaded over 1,864,525 times. By 28 December 2012, both of the manual PDF files had been downloaded 3,804,756 times. Tweets of appreciation were received and many praised the release as a wise decision.
This Project Started Takafumi Horie tweeted by 15 May 2012 17:51 for SHARP GALAPAGOS together.
Sharp's Twitter account said "Manual of MZ-80 ... Nostalgia for those who know those days ... What is that? I hope that those who say that will also take a look and feel the enthusiasm of those days together.".
Products
The MZ series is divided into several lines, including the text-based MZ-80K series, the graphics-based MZ-80B series, and the MZ-3500/5500 series, based on a completely different architecture.
In 1982, Sharp's television division released the X1, a completely new computer. The X series proved to outsell Sharp's own MZ series, and in response, Sharp released the MZ-1500/2500 machines, which featured powered-up graphics and sound capabilities. However, this series saw little marketplace success, and eventually the company abandoned the line in favor of the X68000 series.
The MZ name lives on as the initials of two of Sharp's most well-known products: the Mebius line of PCs, and the Zaurus line of personal digital assistants.
MZ-80K group
The Sharp MZ-80K was one of the popula
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secrets%20of%20a%20Successful%20Marriage
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"Secrets of a Successful Marriage" is the twenty-second and final episode of the fifth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on May 19, 1994. In the episode, Homer fears he may be a little slow, so he goes to the adult education center. While there, he decides to teach a class of his own on the secrets of a successful marriage, since that is the only class he is qualified to teach. However, to keep his students interested, he is forced to tell personal secrets about his wife Marge, which she dislikes, leading up to Homer getting kicked out of the house.
The episode was written by Greg Daniels and directed by Carlos Baeza. It features cultural references to the plays Cat on a Hot Tin Roof and A Streetcar Named Desire, and the films ...And Justice for All, A Few Good Men, Patton, and Chinatown.
The episode has been analyzed in books such as Leaving Springfield and Education in Popular Culture. Since airing, the episode has received mostly positive reviews from television critics.
It acquired a Nielsen rating of 9.8, and was the second highest-rated show on the Fox network the week it aired.
Plot
After Homer realizes he is dim-witted, Marge suggests that he take an adult education course at the annex center. Once there, Homer changes his mind and decides to become a teacher. He agrees to teach a class about tips for a successful marriage. At first he is confident of his teaching abilities, but he is frightened on the first day of class and is unable to help his students with their relationship problems. As the class prepares to leave, Homer mentions his conversation with Marge in bed and the class, eager to hear gossip, decides to stay when Homer begins telling them personal secrets about Marge.
After hearing Homer's students mention her personal secrets, Marge confronts Homer, who promises to stop, but Homer continues to reveal information about Marge to his class. To impress his pupils, Homer invites them to his house to observe the family having dinner, but when Moe brings up one of the secrets Homer told the class, a furious Marge chases the students away and kicks Homer out of the house, no longer able to trust him.
Homeless, Homer stays in Bart's treehouse. Marge tries to reassure Bart and Lisa that she and Homer love them, despite their current separation, but Lisa and Bart worry their parents will get divorced. Wanting to mend his relationship with his wife, Homer returns to the house with flowers for Marge, but sadly gives in after seeing a bouquet brought for Marge by Moe. As he turns to leave, Homer says he can only offer her one thing: complete and utter dependency. Homer wins her over by saying he loves her and needs her to love him because he cannot afford to ever lose her trust again. The family is glad that Homer has returned.
Production
The episode was written by Greg Daniels and directed by Carlos Baeza. It was the second script Daniels wr
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ntdetect.com
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ntdetect.com is a component of Microsoft Windows NT-based operating systems that operate on the x86 architecture. It is used during the Windows NT startup process, and is responsible for detecting basic hardware that will be required to start the operating system.
Overview
The bootstrap loader takes the control over the booting process and loads NTLDR.
Ntdetect.com is invoked by NTLDR, and returns the information it gathers to NTLDR when finished, so that it can then be passed on to ntoskrnl.exe, the Windows NT kernel.
Ntdetect.com is used on computers that use BIOS firmware. Computers with Extensible Firmware Interface, such as IA-64, use a method of device-detection that is not tied to the operating system.
Hardware detection operates somewhat differently depending on whether or not Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) is supported by the hardware. It passes on the hardware details gathered from the BIOS onto the OS. If ACPI is supported, the list of found devices is handed to the kernel, Windows will take responsibility for assigning each device some resources. On older hardware, where ACPI is not supported, the BIOS takes responsibility for assigning resources, not the operating system, so this information is passed to the kernel as well.
In addition, ntdetect.com will make a determination as to which hardware profile to use. Windows supports multiple distinct hardware profiles, which allows a single copy of Windows to work well in situations where the hardware changes between specific layouts on a regular basis. This is common with portable computers that connect to a docking station.
In Windows Vista and later Windows operating systems, the HAL only supports ACPI, and ntdetect.com has been replaced by winload.exe, so that Windows will be able to control hardware resource allocation on every machine in the same way. Hardware profiles are also no longer supported in Windows Vista.
The information gathered by ntdetect.com is stored in the HKLM\HARDWARE\DESCRIPTION key in the Windows Registry at a later stage in the boot process.
Classes of hardware detected
Hardware identification
Hardware date & time
Bus and adapter types
SCSI adapters
Video adapters
Keyboard
Serial and parallel communication ports
Hard drives
Floppy disks
Mouse
Floating-point coprocessor
Industry Standard Architecture-based devices
Troubleshooting
To aid in troubleshooting, Microsoft has made available "debug" versions of ntdetect.com which will display detailed information about the hardware that was detected. Called ntdetect.chk, it is included in the Windows Support Tools.
Notes
References
Windows XP Resource Kit - Troubleshooting the Startup Process
Windows 2000 Resource Kit - Starting Windows 2000 - Detecting Hardware
Windows NT Workstation Resource Kit - Troubleshooting Startup and Disk Problems
External links
Download of ntdetect.chk for Windows 2000
Windows XP SP2 Support Tools includes ntdetect.chk for Windows XP.
Wi
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20programs%20broadcast%20by%20Alpha%20TV
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This is a list of programs broadcast by Alpha TV (formerly Skai), including current and former programming as well as soon-to-be-broadcast programming.
Current programming
Comedy series
Don't start moaning (October 7, 2013 - present)
The Neoclassicals (March 4, 2022 - present)
Fonoi sto Kampanario (2023-present)
Drama series
Sasmos (September 6, 2021 - present)
The ladies' paradise (2022-present)
To Proxenio tis Ioulias (2023-present)
Code Name: Doctor (2023-present)
Reality series and game show
Deal (October 3, 2016 - 2023)
Doubts (September 5, 2022 - present)
Oikogeneiakes Istories (2023-present)
Daytime talk shows
Happy Day with Stamatina Tsimtsili (March 17, 2014 - present)
Weekend with Manesis (September 9, 2017 - present)
As good as it gets with Natalia Germanou (September 15, 2018 - present)
Kitchen Lab with Akis Petretzikis (November 10, 2018 - present)
Tlive with Tatiana Stefanidou (December 7, 2020 - present)
Super Katerina with Katerina Kainourgiou (September 13, 2021 - present)
News/documentary programming
Alpha Central News with Antonis Sroiter (March 16, 2009 - present)
Alpha Afternoon News
Autopsy with Antonis Sroiter (April 18, 2012 - present)
Protagonists with Stavros Thodorakis (October 28, 2021 - present)
International programming
America's Funniest Home Videos (2022 - present)
Formerly broadcast by Alpha TV
Serials
504 chiliometra voria tis Athinas (504 χιλιόμετρα βόρεια της Αθήνας) - romance
Afti I Nixta Menei (Αυτή η Νύχτα Μένει) - drama
Ach! kai na'xeres (Αχ! και να 'ξερες) - comedy
Akrovatondas (Ακροβατώντας) - drama
Alithinoi erotes (Αληθινοί έρωτες) - drama
Amore mio - comedy
An m' agapas (Αν μ' αγαπάς) - drama
Archipelagos (Αρχιπέλαγος) - drama
Berdemata (Μπερδέματα) - comedy
Beta Queen (Βέτα Queen) - comedy
Chorevodas sti siopi (Χορεύοντας στη σιωπή) - drama
Dekati entoli (10η εντολή) - crime drama
Eho ena mystiko (Έχω ένα μυστικό) - drama
Erasitechnis anthropos (Ερασιτέχνης άνθρωπος) - comedy
Erotas me epidotisi O.G.A. (Έρωτας με επιδότηση Ο.Γ.Α.) - comedy
Exafanisi (Εξαφάνιση) - drama
G4 (Γ4) - teen drama
Gia panta files (Για πάντα φίλες) - comedy
Gia tin kardia enos angelou (Για την καρδιά ενός αγγέλου) - drama
Η adelfi tis adelfis tis adelfis mou (H αδελφή της αδελφής της αδελφής μου) - drama
Iparhoun andres kai andres (Υπάρχουν άντρες και άντρες) - comedy
Istoria agapis (Ιστορία αγάπης) - romance
Istories tou astinomou Beka (Ιστορίες του αστυνόμου Μπέκα) - mystery, drama with Ieroklis Michaelidis
Kala na pathis (Καλά να πάθεις) - comedy
Kinoumeni ammos (Κινούμενη άμμος) - drama
Kato apo tin Akropoli (Κάτω από την Ακρόπολη) - drama
Matomena homata (Ματωμένα χώματα) - drama
Me diafora stithous (Με διαφορά στήθους) - comedy
Meine dipla mou (Μείνε δίπλα μου) - drama
Mi masas to paramithi (Μη μασάς το παραμύθι) - drama
Mou lipeis (Μου λείπεις) - Drama, romance
Mou to kratas maniatiko (Μου το κρατάς μανιάτικο) - comedy
Mystikes diadromes (Μυστικές διαδρομές)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute%20OpenBSD
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Absolute OpenBSD: Unix for the Practical Paranoid is a comprehensive guide to the OpenBSD operating system by Michael W. Lucas, author of Absolute FreeBSD and Cisco Routers for the Desperate. The book assumes basic knowledge of the design, commands, and user permissions of Unix-like operating systems. The book contains troubleshooting tips, background information on the system and its commands, and examples to assist with learning.
1st edition
The first edition was released in June 2003. Some of the information in the book became outdated when OpenBSD 3.4 was released only a few months later.
2nd edition
The second edition was released in April 2013. Peter N. M. Hansteen, author of The Book of PF, was the technical reviewer.
External links
References
OpenBSD
2003 non-fiction books
No Starch Press books
Books about free software
Books on operating systems
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picotux
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The Picotux is a single-board computer launched in 2005, running Linux. There are several different kinds of picotux available, but the main one is the picotux 100. The Picotux was released for availability on 18 May 2005. It is 35 mm × 19 mm × 19 mm and just barely larger than an 8P8C modular connector.
Technology
The picotux 100 operates a 55 MHz 32-bit ARM7 Netsilicon NS7520 processor, with 2 MB of Flash Memory (750 KB of which contains the OS) and 8 MB SDRAM Memory. The operating system is μClinux 2.4.27 Big Endian. BusyBox 1.0 is used as main shell. The picotux system runs at 250 mA only and 3.3 V +/- 5%.
Two communication interfaces are provided, 10/100 Mbit/s half/full duplex Ethernet and a serial port with up to 230,400 bit/s. Five additional lines can be used for either general input/output or serial handshaking.
External links
Picotux.com
See also
Microcontroller
References
Linux-based devices
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Program%20comprehension
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Program comprehension (also program understanding or [source] code comprehension) is a domain of computer science concerned with the ways software engineers maintain existing source code. The cognitive and other processes involved are identified and studied. The results are used to develop tools and training.
Software maintenance tasks have five categories: adaptive maintenance, corrective maintenance, perfective maintenance, code reuse, and code leverage.
Theories of program comprehension
Titles of works on program comprehension include
Using a behavioral theory of program comprehension in software engineering
The concept assignment problem in program understanding, and
Program Comprehension During Software Maintenance and Evolution.
Computer scientists pioneering program comprehension include Ruven Brooks, Ted J. Biggerstaff, and Anneliese von Mayrhauser.
See also
Program analysis (computer science)
Program slicing
Computer programming
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perl%20Mongers
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Perl Mongers is an international association of user groups for the Perl programming language, and
part of The Perl Foundation. It was created as a stand-alone organization in 1998 by brian d foy and others, who formed the first group, the New York Perl Mongers (NY.pm), in August 1997 at the First O'Reilly Perl Conference. It joined the Perl Foundation in 2000.
Member groups are conventionally referred to with a short-form name of their location followed by ".pm", which refers to the conventional filename extension for a Perl module. foy's original idea for the name of the first group was the Perl regular expression /New York Perl M((o|u)ngers|aniacs)*/,, but "Perl Mongers" overtook it.
At the Second O'Reilly Perl Conference in 1998, foy and others helped to create many new user groups by providing a means for people to connect with others in their area. Perl Mongers provided mailing lists and user group leader discussions.
By the end of 1998, groups had been formed internationally and included: in the United States, Atlanta, Blacksburg (Virginia), Boston, Champaign (Illinois), Chicago, Dayton (Ohio), Grand Rapids (Michigan), Los Angeles, Missouri, Minneapolis, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Rhode Island, San Francisco, Seattle, St. Louis, and Washington (District of Columbia); in Canada, Montreal and Vancouver in Canada; in Europe, Amsterdam, Lisbon, London, and Stockholm; and in Australia, Melbourne and Sydney.
there are 233 Perl Mongers groups around the world.
Notes and references
External links
Perl Mongers website
User groups
Perl
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMAIC
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DMAIC or define, measure, analyze, improve and control (pronounced də-MAY-ick) refers to a data-driven improvement cycle used for improving, optimizing and stabilizing business processes and designs. The DMAIC improvement cycle is the core tool used to drive Six Sigma projects. However, DMAIC is not exclusive to Six Sigma and can be used as the framework for other improvement applications.
Steps
DMAIC is an abbreviation of the five improvement steps it comprises: Define, measure, analyze, improve and control. All of the DMAIC process steps are required and always proceed in the given order.
Define
The purpose of this step is to clearly pronounce the business problem, goal, potential resources, project scope, and high-level project timeline. This information is typically captured within the project charter document. At this stage, it is written down what is currently known, one seeks to clarify facts, set objectives and form the project team. The following are to be defined:
A problem
The customer(s), SIPOC
Voice of the customer (VOC) and critical to quality (CTQs) — what are the critical process outputs?
Measure
The purpose of this step is to measure the specification of problem/goal. This is a data collection step, the purpose of which is to establish process performance baselines. The performance metric baseline(s) from the Measure phase will be compared to the performance metric at the conclusion of the project to determine objectively whether significant improvement has been made. The team decides on what should be measured and how to measure it. It is usual for teams to invest a lot of effort into assessing the suitability of the proposed measurement systems. Good data is at the heart of the DMAIC process.
Analyze
The purpose of this step is to identify, validate and select a root cause for elimination. A large number of potential root causes (process inputs, X) of the project problem are identified via root cause analysis (for example, a fishbone diagram). The top three to four potential root causes are selected using multi-voting or other consensus tool for further validation. A data collection plan is created and data are collected to establish the relative contribution of each root causes to the project metric (Y). This process is repeated until "valid" root causes can be identified. Within Six Sigma, often complex analysis tools are used. However, it is acceptable to use basic tools if these are appropriate. Of the "validated" root causes, all or some can be.
List and prioritize potential causes of the problem
Prioritize the root causes (key process inputs) to pursue in the Improve step
Identify how the process inputs (Xs) affect the process outputs (Ys). Data are analyzed to understand the magnitude of contribution of each root cause (X) to the project metric (Y). Statistical tests using p-values accompanied by Histograms, Pareto charts, and line plots are often used to do this.
Detailed process maps can be created to
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaam%20TV
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Salaam TV is an independent satellite television channel committed to providing Shia Islamic programming. Salaam TV was established in early 2005 by Hajj Sheikh Mohammad Hedayati. The channel's launch date intentionally coincided with the Eid of Ghadeer. Salaam TV's producers assert that the channel is not affiliated with any political groups or external organizations, as it aims to provide apolitical Islamic programming.
Availability
Salaam TV was originally available through satellite television throughout most of North America (specifically, the United States and Canada). Since its founding, Salaam TV has always been available internationally, as it is viewable free of charge through the official Salaam TV website. On May 22, 2006, Salaam TV became available via satellite programing in Europe and Iran through Hot Bird.
Language
Throughout the first year of Salaam TV's programming, most of the channel's programs were in English and Persian (aside from the Qur'anic recitations, Islamic prayers, and supplications, which are always recited in Arabic). On January 14, 2006, Salaam TV founder Hajj Sheikh Mohammad Hedayati announced that the program would make efforts to increase programming in other languages including Arabic, Urdu, and Azari. Salaam TV's official website is available in Arabic, English, and Persian.
Funding
There have been accusations that Salaam TV receives funding from political organizations and other countries, such as the Islamic Republic of Iran. Salaam TV's founders maintain that the channel's expenses are covered by individual philanthropists who donate money, primarily through telethon events. In 2005, Salaam TV held two telethons during which callers donated money to support the channel's programming.
Music
None of Salaam TV's programming include music, as some Muslims maintain that music should not be played, especially in religious environments. Instead, the producers have opted to use sounds from nature, such as bird songs, during the interludes between regular programming.
Satellite Information
Intelsat Americas 5
Satellite Name: Transponder 5 (T-5)
Frequency: 11836
Polarization: Vertical
Symbol Rate: 20765
FEC: 2/3
SID: 60
AID: 61
In Europe & Middle East:
Satellite : Hot Bird
Transponder : 153
Frequency : 11566 horizontal
Symbol rate : 27500
FEC : 3/4
Salaam TV Programming
"Iman & Andishe" - a Persian-language program about Islam
"In Touch with Qu'ran" - an instruction series which teaches the recitation of the Qur'an
"Islam the First and Final Revelation" - discusses religions other than Islam for the purpose of comparative analysis
"Qu'ran and Science" - discusses natural science as found in the Qur'an
"Moderate Islam" - discusses how a Muslim should "Moderate" Islam with a question and answer discussion
"Youth in Focus" - a youth program, which brings youth guests on the show, perform skits, and have bi-weekly game shows.
Various broadcasts of Qur'anic recitations, Islamic prayers, and supplications
V
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ColossalCon
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ColossalCon, formerly called Cleveland Colossal Convention, is an annual four-day anime convention held during May/June at the Kalahari Resort and Convention Center in Sandusky, Ohio.
Programming
The convention typically offers an artist's alley, art galleries, concerts, cosplay contests, dances, flea market, formal ball, game room, game shows, guest speakers, karaoke, merchandise vendors, panels, and video rooms.
History
ColossalCon was started in 2002 and began as a one-day convention in Strongsville, Ohio. In 2003, it became a three-day convention and moved to the Holiday Inn Cleveland South Independence in Independence, Ohio where it remained until 2007, except for 2005 when it was located in the Embassy Suites. The convention for 2008 moved to the Hilton Cleveland East / Beachwood in Beachwood, Ohio, and moved again in 2009 to the Kalahari Resort and Convention Center in Sandusky, Ohio where the convention has been located since. During the 2010 convention a tornado hit the area surrounding the venue, hotel and convention guests were sent to the basement for shelter, and the venue suffered no damage. The convention is considering an attendance cap due outgrowing Sandusky's hotel room capacity. In 2017, the water-park remained open extra hours for the convention. Nostalgiaconventions.com LLC (ColossalCon) filed a complaint against Colossus Con in 2017 for using a name too close to ColossalCon.
ColossalCon 2020 was moved from June to September due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but was later cancelled. The convention had an attendance cap of 7,000 in 2021.
Event history
Fan Appreciation Party Weekend
Fan Appreciation Party Weekend was a two-day convention held during September at the Kalahari Resort and Convention Center in Sandusky, Ohio.
Event history
Colossalcon East
Colossalcon East is a three-day anime convention held during September at the Kalahari Resorts in Pocono Manor, Pennsylvania. The convention is known for being located at a water park.
The space the convention used in 2018 was small and issues with cosplay in the water park occurred on Sunday. Colossalcon East 2020 was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Event history
Colossalcon Texas
Colossalcon Texas is a three-day convention held during August at the Kalahari Resorts Texas in Round Rock, Texas.
Event history
Colossalcon North
Colossalcon North is a three-day convention held during November at the Kalahari Resorts & Conventions - Wisconsin Dells in Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin.
Event history
References
External links
ColossalCon Website
ColossalCon East Website
ColossalCon Texas Website
ColossalCon North Website
Anime conventions in the United States
Recurring events established in 2002
2002 establishments in Ohio
Annual events in Ohio
Festivals in Ohio
Tourist attractions in Erie County, Ohio
Conventions in Ohio
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNNS
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SNNS (Stuttgart Neural Network Simulator) is a neural network simulator originally developed at the University of Stuttgart. While it was originally built for X11 under Unix, there are Windows ports. Its successor JavaNNS never reached the same popularity.
Features
SNNS is written around a simulation kernel to which user written activation functions, learning procedures and output functions can be added. It has support for arbitrary network topologies and the standard release contains support for a number of standard neural network architectures and training algorithms.
Status
There is currently no ongoing active development of SNNS. In July 2008 the license was changed to the GNU LGPL.
See also
Artificial neural network
Neural network software
External links
SNNS homepage
Patches with bugfixes and a Python interface to the SNNS kernel
Neural network software
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish%20Fry
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"Spanish Fry" is the seventeenth episode in the fourth season of the American animated television series Futurama, and the 71st episode of the series overall. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on July 13, 2003. Set in a retro-futuristic 31st century, the series follows the adventures of the employees of Planet Express, an interplanetary delivery company. In this episode, Fry's nose has mysteriously disappeared so he seeks to get it back. David X. Cohen admitted that this episode is one of the most "filthy" in the series' history.
Plot
While camping in the woods on a company outing, Fry is abducted by aliens as he searches for Bigfoot. He wakes up the next morning to find that his nose has been stolen from his face. Fry learns that human noses are regarded by aliens as an aphrodisiac called "Human Horn". Bender, Leela, and Fry discover that Fry's nose has been sold by a "porno dealing monster" to Lrrr, ruler of the planet Omicron Persei 8.
The three travel to Omicron Persei 8, where they learn Lrrr and his wife, Ndnd, are having marital troubles, explaining Lrrr's purchase. After retrieving Fry's nose, Leela reattaches it by laser. However, once Bender has finished explaining some details of human anatomy to Lrrr, Lrrr orders that Fry's "lower horn" now be removed for consumption. Leela stalls the Omicronian by suggesting that he and Ndnd share a romantic dinner in the woods and work on their relationship. The dinner nearly fails; as Fry is about to get his lower horn removed, Bigfoot shows himself.
The park ranger also arrives, pleased to have finally gotten a look at Bigfoot. The ranger tries to amputate one of Bigfoot's feet as a trophy, but Lrrr prevents him. Lrrr then delivers a moving speech: Fry's "lower horn" like Bigfoot, is one of God's most beautiful creatures. Ndnd then realizes that her husband is still the sensitive Omicronian she fell for. The crew quickly retreats as the now-happy couple passionately make love.
As the credits roll, an episode of The Scary Door is shown.
Production
Writer and producer David X. Cohen admits that this is one of the series' "filthiest" episodes. As with most episodes, the space scenes were done in 3D. Among the non-space scenes done in 3D was the roasting car at the alien market.
Originally, Fry was meant to look into Bender's "shiny metal ass" for his reflection but it was decided that the episode was dirty enough already and it was too awkward.
A scene depicting a holographic Fry with various noses was cut after being fully animated. Matt Groening said that they deleted it because it "wasn't that funny".
When watching the surveillance tape, Leela identifies Lrrr because the writers were not sure that the audience would recognize and clearly identify Lrrr.
Writer Ron Weiner admitted that Bender's offscreen quips were added because they felt a bit guilty about all the silly jokes. Weiner also admits that the scene with Bender dancing was something he attempts to work
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UFTP
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The UDP-based File Transfer Protocol (UFTP) is a communication protocol designed to transfer files to multiple recipients. To accomplish this, UFTP multicasts the files to recipients via the User Datagram Protocol (UDP). The reference implementation of UFTP is open-source software distributed under the GNU General Public License Version 3. The author of UFTP and its reference protocol is Dennis Bush.
UFTP can perform effectively in a wide area network with high network delay, as well as in communication satellite transmissions.
Bush published a pre-release version of UFTP on July 6, 2001. After two more intermediate releases, version 1.0 was published on December 17, 2002. He based UFTP on the Multicast File Transfer Protocol (MFTP), which was designed and developed at Starburst Communications. In 1997 and 1998, Starburst had submitted drafts of the MFTP specification to the Internet Engineering Task Force, with a view to promoting adoption of the protocol. Starburst later sold MFTP, along with their Omnicast file distribution software, to the Fantastic Corporation. Stratacache, a digital signage company in the United States, announced in February 2004 that they had purchased the property from Fantastic.
See also
Comparison of file transfer protocols
Point-to-multipoint communication
References
Further reading
External links
File transfer protocols
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurassic%20Bark
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"Jurassic Bark" is the seventh episode in the fourth season of the American animated television series Futurama, and the 61st episode of the series overall. It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on November 17, 2002. The plot revolves around Fry, who finds a fossilized version of his dog Seymour from before he was frozen. Fry seeks to have his pet brought back to life. The episode was nominated for an Emmy Award but lost to The Simpsons episode "Three Gays of the Condo".
Plot
When Fry takes Bender to a museum exhibit, he is shocked to find a fossilized dog on display, which he recognizes as his pet from the 20th century, Seymour Asses. For three days he protests in front of the museum by dancing to "The Hustle" by Van McCoy, demanding they give him Seymour's body, which proves successful. Professor Farnsworth then examines Seymour's body, and concludes that, due to his unusually rapid fossilization, a DNA sample can be made to produce a clone, and it would even be possible to recreate Seymour's personality and memory.
Fry begins to prepare for the dog, and Bender becomes jealous. Just when the Professor is ready to clone Seymour, Bender arrives. Angry that Fry will not spend time with him, he grabs the fossil and throws it in a pit of lava, believing that destroying it will restore his friendship with Fry. Fry is furious at Bender and extremely upset at having lost Seymour. Bender realizes how Fry could love an inferior creature and apologizes for what he did. The professor explains that the fossil may not have instantly melted, as it was made of dolomite. With this in mind, Bender, claiming to be partly made from dolomite, dives into the lava and recovers the fossil.
The Professor begins the cloning process, and his computer informs him that Seymour died at the age of 15, meaning he lived twelve years after Fry was frozen. Fry has a change of heart and aborts the cloning process, believing that Seymour must have moved on with his life, found a new owner, and forgotten about him. A flashback then shows that, contrary to Fry's assumption, Seymour faithfully obeyed his last command, waiting in front of Panucci's Pizza for Fry to return.
Production
According to the DVD commentary, the last part of the episode where Seymour is waiting outside on the sidewalk was originally set to "Gayane's Adagio" from Aram Khachaturian's Gayane ballet suite, famously used in the sequence introducing the Discovery spacecraft in 2001: A Space Odyssey, but was replaced with the song "I Will Wait for You" from The Umbrellas of Cherbourg as sung by Connie Francis, which writer Eric Kaplan's grandparents sang and played on the piano while he was a child.
Also, according to the DVD commentary, the original idea for the episode was to have Fry's mother fossilized instead of Seymour, but this idea was scrapped after it was thought to be too upsetting to the audience. Before settling on a dog, Fry's father being fossilized was also discussed, but it too
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple%20Open%20Directory
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Apple Open Directory is the LDAP directory service model implementation from Apple Inc. A directory service is software which stores and organizes information about a computer network's users and network resources and which allows network administrators to manage users' access to the resources.
In the context of macOS Server, Open Directory describes a shared LDAPv3 directory domain and a corresponding authentication model composed of Apple Password Server and Kerberos 5 tied together using a modular Directory Services system. Apple Open Directory is a fork of OpenLDAP.
The term Open Directory can also be used to describe the entire directory services framework used by macOS and macOS Server. In this context, it describes the role of a macOS or macOS Server system when it is connected to an existing directory domain, in which context it is sometimes referred to as Directory Services.
Apple, Inc. also publishes an API called the OpenDirectory framework, permitting macOS applications to interrogate and edit the Open Directory data.
With the release of Mac OS X Leopard (10.5), Apple chose to move away from using the NetInfo directory service (originally found in NeXTSTEP and OPENSTEP), which had been used by default for all local accounts and groups in every release of Mac OS X from 10.0 to 10.4. Mac OS X 10.5 now uses Directory Services and its plugins for all directory information. Local accounts are now registered in the Local Plugin, which uses XML property list (plist) files stored in /var/db/dslocal/nodes/Default/ as its backing storage.
Implementation in macOS Server
macOS Server can host an Open Directory domain when configured as an Open Directory Master. In addition to its local directory, this OpenLDAP-based LDAPv3 domain is designed to store centralized management data, user, group, and computer accounts, which other systems can access. The directory domain is paired with the Open Directory Password Server and, optionally, a Kerberos realm. Either provides an authentication model and stores password information outside of the directory domain itself.
For Kerberos authentication, the Kerberos realm can either be hosted by a Kerberos key distribution center (KDC) running on the server system, or the server can participate in an existing Kerberos realm.
For services that are not Kerberized, the Password Server provides the following Simple Authentication and Security Layer-based authentication methods:
APOP
CRAM-MD5
Diffie–Hellman key exchange
Digest-MD5
MS-CHAPv2
NTLM v1 and v2
Lan Manager
WebDAV-Digest
Any Mac OS X Server system prior to 10.7 (Lion) configured as an Active Directory Master can act as a Windows Primary Domain Controller (PDC), providing domain authentication services to Microsoft Windows clients.
Directory services framework
In a more general sense, Open Directory can describe the plugins model used by Directory Utility and the directory services framework in macOS and macOS Server. This could
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karmarkar%27s%20algorithm
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Karmarkar's algorithm is an algorithm introduced by Narendra Karmarkar in 1984 for solving linear programming problems. It was the first reasonably efficient algorithm that solves these problems in polynomial time. The ellipsoid method is also polynomial time but proved to be inefficient in practice.
Denoting as the number of variables and as the number of bits of input to the algorithm, Karmarkar's algorithm requires operations on -digit numbers, as compared to such operations for the ellipsoid algorithm. The runtime of Karmarkar's algorithm is thus
using FFT-based multiplication (see Big O notation).
Karmarkar's algorithm falls within the class of interior-point methods: the current guess for the solution does not follow the boundary of the feasible set as in the simplex method, but moves through the interior of the feasible region, improving the approximation of the optimal solution by a definite fraction with every iteration and converging to an optimal solution with rational data.
The algorithm
Consider a linear programming problem in matrix form:
Karmarkar's algorithm determines the next feasible direction toward optimality and scales back by a factor . It is described in a number of sources. Karmarkar also has extended the method to solve problems with integer constraints and non-convex problems.
Since the actual algorithm is rather complicated, researchers looked for a more intuitive version of it, and in 1985 developed affine scaling, a version of Karmarkar's algorithm that uses affine transformations where Karmarkar used projective ones, only to realize four years later that they had rediscovered an algorithm published by Soviet mathematician I. I. Dikin in 1967. The affine-scaling method can be described succinctly as follows. While applicable to small scale problems, it is not a polynomial time algorithm.
stopping criterion, .
return unbounded
end if
end do
Example
Consider the linear program
That is, there are 2 variables and 11 constraints associated with varying values of . This figure shows each iteration of the algorithm as red circle points. The constraints are shown as blue lines.
Patent controversy – can mathematics be patented?
At the time he invented the algorithm, Karmarkar was employed by IBM as a postdoctoral fellow in the IBM San Jose Research Laboratory in California. On August 11, 1983 he gave a seminar at Stanford University explaining the algorithm, with his affiliation still listed as IBM. By the fall of 1983 Karmarkar started to work at AT&T and submitted his paper to the 1984 ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing (STOC, held April 30 - May 2, 1984) stating AT&T Bell Laboratories as his affiliation. After applying the algorithm to optimizing AT&T's telephone network, they realized that his invention could be of practical importance. In April 1985, AT&T promptly applied for a patent on his algorithm.
The patent became more fue
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dacianism
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Dacianism is a Romanian term describing the tendency to ascribe, largely relying on questionable data and subjective interpretation, an idealized past to the country as a whole. While particularly prevalent during the regime of Nicolae Ceaușescu, its origin in Romanian scholarship dates back more than a century.
The term refers to perceived aggrandizing of Dacian and earlier roots of today's Romanians. This phenomenon is also pejoratively labelled "Dacomania" or "Dacopathy" or sometimes "Thracomania", while its proponents prefer "Dacology". The term protochronism (anglicized from the , from the Ancient Greek terms for "first in time"), originally coined to refer to the supposed pioneering character of the Romanian culture, is sometimes used as a synonym.
Overview
In this context, the term makes reference to the trend (noticed in several versions of Romanian nationalism) to ascribe a unique quality to the Dacians and their civilization. Dacianists attempt to prove either that Dacians had a major part to play in ancient history or even that they had the ascendancy over all cultures (with a particular accent on Ancient Rome, which, in a complete reversal of the founding myth, would have been created by Dacian migrants). Also noted are the exploitation of the Tărtăria tablets as certain proof that writing originated on proto-Dacian territory, and the belief that the Dacian language survived all the way to the Middle Ages.
An additional, but not universal, feature is the attempted connection between the supposed monotheism of the Zalmoxis cult and Christianity, in the belief that Dacians easily adopted and subsequently influenced the religion. Also, Christianity is argued to have been preached to the Daco-Romans by Saint Andrew, who is considered doubtfully as the clear origin of modern-day Romanian Orthodoxy. Despite the lack of supporting evidence, it is the official church stance, being found in history textbooks used in Romanian Orthodox seminaries and theology institutes.
History
The ideas have been explained as part of an inferiority complex present in Romanian nationalism, one which also manifested itself in works not connected with Dacianism, mainly as a rejection of the ideas that Romanian territories only served as a colony of Rome, voided of initiative, and subject to an influx of Latins which would have completely wiped out a Dacian presence.
Dacianism most likely came about with the views professed in the 1870s by Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu, one of the main points of the dispute between him and the conservative Junimea. For example, Hasdeu's Etymologicum magnum Romaniae not only claimed that Dacians gave Rome many of her Emperors (an idea supported in recent times by Iosif Constantin Drăgan), but also that the ruling dynasties of early medieval Wallachia and Moldavia were descendants of a caste of Dacians established with "King" (chieftain) Burebista. Other advocates of the idea before World War I included the amateur archaeologist
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Zealand%20DJ%20class%20locomotive
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The New Zealand DJ class locomotive is a type of diesel-electric locomotive in service on the New Zealand rail network. The class were built by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and introduced from 1968 to 1969 for the New Zealand Railways Department (NZR) with a modernisation loan from the World Bank to replace steam locomotives in the South Island, where all of the class members worked most of their lives. Nine of the locomotives remain in use, mainly with Dunedin Railways.
They are the second class of locomotive in New Zealand to utilise the Bo-Bo-Bo wheel arrangement, the other classes being the EW class and the EF class. In both cases, this wheel arrangement was used to provide a lower axle-load due to track conditions as well, particularly in the case of the DJs, a shorter wheelbase more suited to sharp curvature on secondary or tertiary routes.
Introduction
With the ongoing introduction of diesel locomotives to the New Zealand railway network, various options to replace steam traction in the South Island were investigated. The new locomotives would need to be capable of both mainline running and also be light enough to work on secondary main lines, the West Coast system, west of Otira and the Main North Line, which would not be upgraded before 1979 to support the 13-14 ton axle load of modern diesel locomotive classes and on weight-restricted branch lines, particularly in Otago and Southland. The locomotives were specified to have a top speed of and max axle load of 10.7 tons were specified.
A World Bank modernisation loan was obtained in December 1965 for a four-year term to December 1969, allowing the Cabinet Works Committee in February 1966 to call tenders for 55 1,000-1,200 horsepower diesel locomotives for the South Island, and 34 locomotives of 1400-1600 horsepower to complete North Island dieselisation. The expectation was that the General Motors Electro-Motive Division (EMD) offering would win the tender - either the EMD G8 (NZR DB class) or EMD G12 (NZR DA class) locomotives already in use by NZR for both islands or the newer EMD G18 model, which was recommended. In addition, five of the English Electric DI class locomotives were already in service with NZR at the time and were the prototype for the tender specifications.
On 1 August 1966 the order was placed with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries of Japan for 55 Bo-Bo-Bo diesel-electric locomotives. Mitsubishi offered tenders 25-35% lower in cost than its main rivals, at a unit cost of £44,000, compared with General Motors £72,000, English Electric £70,000 and Associated Electrical Industries £58,000. Both General Motors and English Electric were shocked to lose the South Island locomotive contract. The World Bank, the pressure to accept one of the low Japanese tenders, was not out of any preference for a specific manufacturer, but out of growing dissatisfaction in Washington by the administrations of Lyndon B. Johnson and later Richard Nixon for the use of the World Bank development
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20neural%20network
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Quantum neural networks are computational neural network models which are based on the principles of quantum mechanics. The first ideas on quantum neural computation were published independently in 1995 by Subhash Kak and Ron Chrisley, engaging with the theory of quantum mind, which posits that quantum effects play a role in cognitive function. However, typical research in quantum neural networks involves combining classical artificial neural network models (which are widely used in machine learning for the important task of pattern recognition) with the advantages of quantum information in order to develop more efficient algorithms. One important motivation for these investigations is the difficulty to train classical neural networks, especially in big data applications. The hope is that features of quantum computing such as quantum parallelism or the effects of interference and entanglement can be used as resources. Since the technological implementation of a quantum computer is still in a premature stage, such quantum neural network models are mostly theoretical proposals that await their full implementation in physical experiments.
Most Quantum neural networks are developed as feed-forward networks. Similar to their classical counterparts, this structure intakes input from one layer of qubits, and passes that input onto another layer of qubits. This layer of qubits evaluates this information and passes on the output to the next layer. Eventually the path leads to the final layer of qubits. The layers do not have to be of the same width, meaning they don't have to have the same number of qubits as the layer before or after it. This structure is trained on which path to take similar to classical artificial neural networks. This is discussed in a lower section. Quantum neural networks refer to three different categories: Quantum computer with classical data, classical computer with quantum data, and quantum computer with quantum data.
Examples
Quantum neural network research is still in its infancy, and a conglomeration of proposals and ideas of varying scope and mathematical rigor have been put forward. Most of them are based on the idea of replacing classical binary or McCulloch-Pitts neurons with a qubit (which can be called a “quron”), resulting in neural units that can be in a superposition of the state ‘firing’ and ‘resting’.
Quantum perceptrons
A lot of proposals attempt to find a quantum equivalent for the perceptron unit from which neural nets are constructed. A problem is that nonlinear activation functions do not immediately correspond to the mathematical structure of quantum theory, since a quantum evolution is described by linear operations and leads to probabilistic observation. Ideas to imitate the perceptron activation function with a quantum mechanical formalism reach from special measurements to postulating non-linear quantum operators (a mathematical framework that is disputed). A direct implementation of the activatio
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Why%20of%20Fry
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"The Why of Fry" is the tenth episode in the fourth season of the American animated television series Futurama, and the 64th episode of the series overall. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on April 6, 2003. The episode was written by David X. Cohen and directed by Wes Archer. In this episode, it is revealed that Fry's cryogenic freezing and arrival in the 31st century was not an accident, but a calculated plot by Nibbler to save the universe. Along with "Where No Fan Has Gone Before" (which directly succeeds this episode in production order), it is one of two episodes that do not feature Professor Farnsworth.
Plot
Fry feels useless after Leela and Bender return from an extremely successful mission without him. Leela asks Fry to walk Nibbler while she goes on a date with Chaz, the mayor's aide. Fry is convinced the only good he serves is to clean up after Nibbler, but Nibbler tells him otherwise. Having never heard Nibbler talk, Fry is dumbfounded as Nibbler knocks him out and takes him to Eternium, Nibbler's home planet. The Nibblonians explain that because Fry lacks the delta brainwave on account of his being his own grandfather, he was immune to the attack of the Brain spawn a few months prior.
The Nibblonians reveal the Brain spawn's plan to collect all knowledge in the universe, store it in a colossal memory bank called the Infosphere, and destroy the rest of the universe. Because of his immunity, Fry is the only one who can stop them. The Nibblonians give Fry a "Quantum Interphase Bomb" which will send the sphere into an alternate dimension forever, as well as a wind-up toy vessel with which to reach and escape the Infosphere. Fry successfully plants and activates the bomb, but is detected; when he tries to escape, his vessel falls apart.
The Brain spawn show Fry footage from the night he was frozen on December 31, 1999. Fry is upset to see that Nibbler tipped him into the cryogenic chamber and sent him to the year 3000. Nibbler explains that he had to do so, so Fry could defeat the Brain spawn. The bomb detonates, sending the Infosphere to the alternate dimension. Meanwhile, Leela goes on her date with Chaz. Chaz reserves the rocket skating rink for Leela, but Leela dumps him after he turns away the Cookieville orphans who were supposed to visit the rink.
In the alternate dimension, the Brain spawn offer to send Fry back in time to stop Nibbler from freezing him. Fry accepts and is transported to the cryogenics lab. He appears behind Nibbler under the desk, just before his past self is frozen. He restrains Nibbler, who protests that Fry must be sent to the future to save the universe. Nibbler asks if there is anything he wants to save in the future, and Fry mentions Leela. After Nibbler advises Fry not to give up on her, and vows to help him win Leela's heart, Fry tips his past self into the cryogenic chamber. Before disappearing from the timeline, Fry quickly tells Nibbler the vessel he was given was not sui
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSBC%20Bank%20Egypt
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HSBC Bank Egypt SAE is a multinational bank in Egypt, providing a wide range of banking and related financial services through a network of 100 branches and 20 mini bank units in Cairo, Alexandria, Sharm El Sheikh, Hurghada and 6th of October City.
History
HSBC Bank Egypt was established in 1982 as Hongkong Egyptian Bank with 40% HSBC ownership. In January 1994, the bank was renamed Egyptian British Bank under the same shareholding structure. The bank took the name HSBC Bank Egypt in April 2001 following an increase in shareholding by the HSBC Group's from 40% to 94.5% of its issued share capital.
In 2001, 2003 and 2005, The Banker magazine named it "Bank of the Year" in Egypt.
See also
HSBC Bank Middle East Limited
HSBC Holdings plc
External links
HSBC Bank Egypt website
Egypt
Banks of Egypt
Banks established in 1982
Companies based in Cairo
Egyptian companies established in 1982
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dmesg
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dmesg (diagnostic messages) is a command on most Unix-like operating systems that prints the message buffer of the kernel. The output includes messages produced by the device drivers.
Booting
When initially booted, a computer system loads its kernel into memory. At this stage device drivers present in the kernel are set up to drive relevant hardware. Such drivers, as well as other elements within the kernel, may produce output ("messages") reporting both the presence of modules and the values of any parameters adopted. (It may be possible to specify boot parameters which control the level of detail in the messages.) The booting process typically happens at a speed where individual messages scroll off the top of the screen before an operator can read/digest them. The command allows the review of such messages in a controlled manner after the system has started.
After booting
Even after the system has fully booted, the kernel may occasionally produce further diagnostic messages. Common examples of when this might happen are when I/O devices encounter errors, or USB devices are hot-plugged. dmesg provides a mechanism to review these messages at a later time. When first produced, they will be directed to the system console. If the console is in use, these messages may be confused with or quickly overwritten by the output of user programs.
Output
The output of dmesg can amount to many complete screens. For this reason, this output is normally reviewed using standard text-manipulation tools such as more, tail, less or grep. Size of the dmesg buffer is limited and the output is often captured in a permanent system logfile via a logging daemon, such as syslog.
Format
Traditionally, dmesg lines begin with a device name followed by a colon, followed with detailed text. Often these come in clusters, with the same device showing up on multiple lines in succession. Each cluster is usually associated with a single device enumeration, by one particular device driver (or device facility) associated with the device name.
Each driver or facility emits diagnostic information in its own chosen format. Device drivers may specify the format in the manual page by convention called identically to the device file name without the trailing number.
See also
lspci, detailed information about all PCI buses and devices in the system
lsusb, detailed information about USB ports and devices
uname prints the name, version and other details about the current machine and the operating system
List of Unix commands
udev Linux device manager, with some control over device visibility
References
External links
dmesg(8) FreeBSD manual page
The dmesg Command by The Linux Information Project (LINFO)
dmesg explained: kernel output examples
Unix software
Year of introduction missing
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnataka%20Bank
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Karnataka Bank Limited is an Indian private sector bank based in Mangalore. It is an 'A' Class Scheduled Commercial Bank with a network of 913 branches, 1188 ATMs & Cash recyclers and 587 e-lobbies/mini e-lobbies across 22 states and 2 union territories. It has 8,652 employees and over 11 million customers throughout the country. Its shares are listed on the NSE and BSE. The tagline of the bank is "Your Family Bank Across India."
Karnataka Bank Limited has adopted core banking, internet banking and has established its "MoneyPlant" (1187 ATMs & Cash recyclers and 586 e-lobbies/mini e-lobbies) ATM system across the country.
History
Karnataka Bank Limited was incorporated on 18 February 1924, and commenced business on 23 May 1924. Its founders established it at Mangalore, a coastal town in the Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka. Among the founders, who created the bank to serve the South Canara region, was B. R. Vysaray Achar. K. Suryanarayana Adiga served as the chairman from 1958 to 1979.
In the 1960s Karnataka Bank Limited acquired three smaller banks. In 1960 Karnataka Bank Limited acquired the Sringeri Sharada Bank, which was established in 1942 had four branches. Four years later, Karnataka Bank Limited took over Chitradurga Bank (also known as Chitladurg Bank), which was established in 1868 and was the oldest bank in Mysore State. In 1966, Karnataka Bank Limited took over Bank of Karnataka. Bank of Karnataka was established in 1946 and opened one branch in Belgaum in 1947. At the time of this acquisition, Bank of Karnataka had 13 branches.
In September 2003, the bank shifted its head office from Kodialbail to Kankanady.
In Karnataka Bank reported Rs 285 crore fraud to Reserve Bank of India by DHFL, Religare Finvest, Fedders Electric and Engineering Ltd and Leel Electricals Ltd.
In 2021, Karnataka Bank Limited operationalized its wholly owned non-financial subsidiary KBL Services Limited with its registered and head office at Bangalore.
Services
The branches are available in 22 Indian states and 2 Union Territories.
In August 2008, the Karnataka Bank Limited introduced Quick Remit, a facility to make money transfers easy for Non-Resident Indians living in Canada, United States, and the UK. The bank also runs a 24-hour Internet banking service called MoneyClick.
Karnataka Bank Limited provides business and personal banking products and services in India. The bank has four areas of business: Treasury, Corporate/Wholesale Banking, Retail Banking, and Other Banking Operations. It accepts savings and current accounts, cash certificates, fixed and cumulative deposits, non-resident rupee accounts, ordinary non-resident accounts, and foreign currency accounts; and offers loan products, such as vehicle, home, education, personal, MSME, mortgage, women entrepreneur, gold, and other loans, as well as loans against property and fixed deposits. The bank also provides debit, credit, gift, deposit only, image, and travel cards; life, general,
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP%20series%2080
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The Hewlett-Packard series 80 of small scientific desktop computers was introduced in 1980, beginning with the popular HP-85 targeted at engineering and control applications. They provided the capability of the HP 9800 series desktop computers with an integrated monitor in a smaller package including storage and printer, at half the price.
Features
The first model of the Series 80 was the HP-85, introduced in January 1980. BYTE wrote "we were impressed with the performance ... the graphics alone make this an attractive, albeit not inexpensive, alternate to existing small systems on the market ... it is our guess that many personal computer experimenters and hackers will want this machine."
In a typewriter-style desktop case, the HP-85 contains the CPU and keyboard, with a ROM-based operating system (like the 9800 series), 16 KB dynamic RAM, a 5-inch CRT screen (16 lines of 32 characters, or 256×192 pixels), a tape drive for DC-100 cartridges ( capacity, transfer), and a thermal printer. Both the screen and printer display graphics in addition to text, and the printer can copy anything shown on the screen. The chassis includes four module slots in the back for expansion which can hold memory modules, ROM extensions, or interfaces such as RS-232 and GPIB.
All components were designed at the Hewlett-Packard Personal Computer Division in Corvallis, Oregon, including the processor and core chipset.
Later models offered variations such as different or external displays, built-in interfaces or a rack-mountable enclosure (see table below for details).
The machines were built around an HP-proprietary CPU code-named Capricorn running at and had a BASIC interpreter in ROM (). Programs could be stored on DC-100 cartridge tapes or on external disk/tape units.
Despite the comparatively low processor clock frequency, the machines were quite advanced compared to other desktop computers of the time, in particular regarding software features relevant to technical and scientific use. The standard number representation was a floating point format with a 12-digit (decimal) mantissa and exponents up to ±499. The interpreter supported a full set of scientific functions (trigonometric functions, logarithm etc.) at this accuracy. The language supported two-dimensional arrays, and a ROM extension made high-level functions such as matrix multiplication and inversion available.
For the larger HP-86 and HP-87 series, HP also offered a plug-in CP/M processor card with a separate Zilog Z80 processor.
Historical context
The late 1970s saw the development of inexpensive home computers such as the Apple II and TRS-80. Steve Wozniak, while working at HP, had developed the Apple computer in his spare time, with the idea of a computer that worked in BASIC when it was turned on. He offered HP rights to the Apple computer, but was turned down and was given a legal release. In an interview he did note that soon after that, the calculator division was starting an 8-bit c
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsport
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Marsport is a science fiction computer game that was released for the ZX Spectrum and Amstrad CPC home computers in 1985. It was published by Gargoyle Games in the United Kingdom and Dro Soft in Spain. Marsport was intended to be the first part of a trilogy called "The Siege of Earth" but parts two and three (Fornax and Gath) were not forthcoming. Because of this, it is often regarded as being part of an unofficial trilogy alongside Tir Na Nog and Dun Darach (both of which are part of the same official series) due to its having very similar gameplay to these titles. Marsport also has similarities to the later Gargoyle game Heavy on the Magick.
Story
The year is 2494. For seventy years, the Earth has been under siege by the insectoid Sept. Since the siege began, the Sept have been kept at bay by a huge Force Sphere which surrounds the Earth and the Moon. However, the Sept are on the verge of discovering how to breach the Sphere unless it can be strengthened according to the formulae contained in the original plans. Unfortunately, these plans are concealed somewhere in the Martian city of Marsport, now Sept-occupied and booby-trapped by the city's M-Central computer. One man, Commander John Marsh, has been sent to retrieve the plans in the belief that a determined man can sometimes achieve more than an army.
Gameplay
Development
Marsport was developed and published by Gargoyle Games. It was planned to be the first of the "Siege of Earth" trilogy, with its sequels "Fornax" and "Gath" were set for release in January and April 1986.
Reception
Marsport received positive reviews on release.
References
External links
1985 video games
Amstrad CPC games
Gargoyle Games games
Science fiction video games
Single-player video games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
ZX Spectrum games
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Features%20new%20to%20Windows%20Vista
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Compared with previous versions of Microsoft Windows, features new to Windows Vista are very numerous, covering most aspects of the operating system, including additional management features, new aspects of security and safety, new I/O technologies, new networking features, and new technical features. Windows Vista also removed some others.
Windows Shell and user interface
Windows Aero
Windows Vista introduces a redesigned user interface and visual style named Windows Aero (a backronym for Authentic, Energetic, Reflective, and Open) that is intended to be aesthetically pleasing and cleaner than previous versions of Windows, with features such as glass translucencies, light effects, live thumbnails, and window animations enabled by the new Desktop Window Manager. Windows Aero also encompasses a new default typeface (Segoe UI)—set at a larger size than the default font of previous versions of Windows—new mouse cursors and new sounds, new dialog box, pop-up notification, and wizard interfaces, and revisions to the tone and phrasing of messages throughout the operating system. Windows Aero is available in the Home Premium, Business, Enterprise, and Ultimate Windows Vista editions.
All editions of Windows Vista include a new "Windows Vista Basic" theme with updated visuals; it is equivalent to Luna of Windows XP in that it does not rely on a compositing window manager. Glass translucencies, light effects, live thumbnails, or window animations of Windows Aero are not available. Windows Vista Home Basic additionally includes a unique "Windows Vista Standard" theme, which has the same hardware requirements of Windows Aero, but it does not include glass translucency or live thumbnail features or effects.
Start menu
The Start menu has undergone a significant revision in Windows Vista, and it is updated in accordance with Windows Aero design principles, featuring glass translucencies and subtle light effects while Windows Aero is enabled. The current user's profile photo is present above the right column, and hovering over an item in the right column replaces the current user's profile photo with a dynamically changing icon to reflect the item that will be opened. The right column of the Start menu no longer shows icons for items, and the layout of items in this column has changed from Windows XP; the "Printers" and "Run..." commands are removed by default. "All Programs" is no longer a cascading listing of applications and folders; instead, applications and folders appear within a scrollable tree view list. The most significant change to the Start menu is the addition of a Start Search box that allows users to incrementally search for file names, file contents, and metadata, and which also functions as an application launcher. The power button now transitions to sleep mode by default.
Like Windows XP, Windows Vista also allows users to revert to the classic Start menu introduced in Windows 95.
Windows Explorer
Arrangement and visualization
Th
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne%20tram%20route%203
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Melbourne tram route 3 is operated by Yarra Trams on the Melbourne tram network from Melbourne University to Malvern East. The route is operated out of Glenhuntly depot with Z and B class trams. Until 29 October 2023, route 3 operated as route 3a on weekends and diverted via St Kilda Beach.
History
The origins of route 3 lie in separate tram lines. The section of track between Queensberry Street (Stop 4) and Brighton Road (Stop 35) is the oldest section of this route, dating back to the Brighton Road cable tram which opened on 11 October 1888 by the Melbourne Tramway & Omnibus Company. This cable tram line was electrified in stages by the Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board. The section between Domain Interchange (Stop 20) and St Kilda Junction (Stop 30) was electrified on 27 December 1925. The section between Queensberry Street and City Road (near Stop 14) was electrified on the same day. The line between City Road and Domain Interchange was electrified on 24 January 1926, and the line between St Kilda Junction and Carlisle Street (Stop 35) was finally electrified on 29 August 1926.
The section of route 3 between Brighton Road (Stop 35) and Malvern East (Darling Road) was constructed by the Prahran & Malvern Tramways Trust (PMTT). Initially, a line was opened from St Kilda Beach to Hawthorn Road along Carlisle Street/Balaclava Road on 12 April 1913. This line was extended east by the PMTT from Hawthorn Road to Darling Road, Malvern East on 13 November 1913. Meanwhile, the Melbourne, Brunswick & Coburg Tramway Trust (MBCTT) constructed the section of Route 3 north of Queensberry Street towards Melbourne University. This section opened on 31 October 1916.
On 12 November 1961, trams operating on Route 3 (Route 4D before 1970) on Sunday were replaced by bus route 377 to save operating costs. Sunday trams were reinstated on 8 August 1993 following the abolition of conductors.
Route 3 was allocated to the line between the City (Swanston Street) to Malvern East (Darling Road) on 1 November 1970 following a major route number revision for trams running on Swanston Street. Prior to this, the line was run by Route 4D, an allocation that dates back to 1930. Trams traditionally terminated at the Victoria Street terminus, but following an accident in 1991, trams instead terminated at the Queensberry Street crossover. Due to congestion during peak hours at the crossover, some trams continued north to the Melbourne University. Finally on 17 January 1996, a permanent shunt was built at Melbourne University. From then on, route 3 trams were altered run full-time to Melbourne University.
During the 2006 Commonwealth Games, the route was renumbered 53 and extended to West Coburg during peak hour and the Dudley Street sidings during off peak, from Domain Interchange, along route 55 to alleviate congestion along St Kilda Road.
On 31 January 2009, route 3 was altered on the weekends to form route 3a, diverting from the regular route at St Kilda Junction an
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne%20tram%20route%2019
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Melbourne tram route 19 is operated by Yarra Trams on the Melbourne tram network from Coburg North to Flinders Street station. The 10.2 kilometre route is operated out of Brunswick depot with B and D2 class trams.
History
Route 19 was first allocated to the line between Coburg North and the City terminus at Elizabeth Street opposite Flinders Street station on 26 April 1936 following the electrification of the Brunswick cable tram line. Prior to that, Sydney Road trams would run via Moreland Road to Swanston Street and the southern suburbs. Route 19 was allocated to the line between Coburg North and the City – Swanston Street near Flinders Street station. Since 1936, Route 19 has remained on the route between Coburg North and the City (Elizabeth Street). An extension to Fawkner was first planned by the Melbourne, Brunswick & Coburg Tramway Trust (MBCTT) in 1916, but never came to fruition. This extension has been brought up since, most recently by the Victorian Greens during the 2010 state election.
The origin of Route 19 dates back to the Brunswick cable tram line while the section north of Moreland Road was constructed by the MBCTT. The Melbourne Tramway & Omnibus Company opened the Brunswick cable tram line on 1 October 1887, which encompasses the section of route 19 between Moreland Road (Stop 28) and Flinders Street station (Stop 1). This line was electrified by the Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board in stages through 1935–36. The section between Flinders Street station and Victoria Street (near Stop 7) was first electrified on 17 November 1935. The section to Haymarket (Stop 9) was electrified on 29 December in the same year. The electric track was extended to Leonard Street (Stop 15) on 12 January 1936, and then to Park Street (near Stop 19) on 23 February 1936. The final section to Moreland Road was electrified on 26 April 1936. Meanwhile, the track between Moreland Road and Bell Street (Stop 34) was opened by the MBCTT on 27 April 1916, while the rest of the line to Bakers Road (Stop 40) opened on 14 May 1916.
In January 2016, route 19 began operating through the night on Fridays and Saturdays as part of the Night Network.
Operation
Route 19 is operated out of Brunswick depot with B and D2 class trams .
Route map
References
External links
Route 19 timetable and map
019
019
Transport in the City of Merri-bek
Elizabeth Street, Melbourne
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game%20World%20Navigator
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Game World Navigator () is a Russian computer games magazine founded in 1997. It is owned by Navigator Publishing, which also produced other gaming magazines.
The magazine is published monthly and features news of the video game industry, previews of future games and reviews of the latest popular games. Much attention is being paid to massively multiplayer online games.
The magazine's motto originally was "PC Only & Forever". It was featured on an every Navigator cover until 2012.
References
External links
1997 establishments in Russia
Magazines established in 1997
Magazines published in Moscow
Monthly magazines published in Russia
Russian-language magazines
Video game magazines published in Russia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne%20tram%20route%2064
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Melbourne tram route 64 is operated by Yarra Trams on the Melbourne tram network from Melbourne University to Brighton East. The 18.1 kilometre route is operated out of Glenhuntly depot with Z and B class trams.
Until 29 October 2023, after 19:00, passengers for route 5 to Malvern were required to board route 64 (marked 64/5) and transfer to route 5 shuttles on Dandenong Road. Since 30 October 2023, after 18:30, route 64 ran shuttle between Dandenong Road and East Brighton, and passengers for route 64 to East Brighton are required to board route 5 and transfer to route 64.
History
Route 64 was allocated to the line between Brighton East and City (Swanston Street) on 16 October 1938. Prior to that, Route 64 was allocated to the line between Brighton East and St Kilda Beach via St Kilda Junction. Between 1938 and 9 July 1955, Route 64 ran via Balaclava Road rather than Dandenong Road. Trams traditionally terminated at the Victoria Street terminus, but following an accident in 1991, trams instead terminated at the Queensberry Street crossover. Due to congestion during peak hours at the crossover, some trams continued north to Melbourne University. Finally on 17 January 1996, a permanent shunt was built at Melbourne University. From then on, Route 64 trams were altered run full-time to Melbourne University.
The origins of route 5 lie in separate tram lines. The section of track between Queensberry Street (Stop 4) and St Kilda Road (Stop 30) is the oldest section of this route, dating back to the Brighton Road cable tram which opened on 11 October 1888 by the Melbourne Tramway & Omnibus Company. This cable tram line was electrified in stages by the Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB). The section between Domain Interchange (Stop 20) and St Kilda Junction (Stop 30) was electrified on 27 December 1925. The section between Queensberry Street and City Road (near Stop 14) was electrified on the same day. The line between City Road and Domain Interchange was electrified on 24 January 1926. The section between St Kilda Junction and Chapel Street (Stop 32) also dates back to the cable era, as the Windsor to St Kilda Esplanade cable tramway which opened on 17 October 1891. This section was one of the first cable trams to be converted to electric traction on 27 December 1925.
The Prahran & Malvern Tramways Trust built the section between the Sandringham railway line (near Stop 33) and Hawthorn Road (Stop 48), opening on 16 December 1911. This line was extended to Chapel Street (Stop 32) on 31 March 1912. The line between Hawthorn Road and Balaclava Road (Stop 51) opened on 12 April 1913. This was later extended to Glenhuntly Road (Stop 57) on 13 November 1913. Further extensions of the Hawthorn Road line were built by the MMTB to North Road (on 1 March 1925), and to Point Nepean Road on 5 December 1937.
As part of the St Kilda Junction separation works, the Wellington Street section was abandoned for a new section of track along the newly create
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RX-250-LPN
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The RX-250-LPN is an Indonesian sounding rocket, part of the RX rocket family. It was launched six times between 1987 and 2007.
Technical data
Specifications come from the rocket's summary datasheet published by Indonesian space agency LAPAN.
Apogee: 70 kilometres
Liftoff thrust: 53 kilonewtons
Burning time: 6 seconds
Specific impulse: 220 seconds
Propellant: HTPB
Total mass: 300 kilograms
Core diameter: 0.25 metres
Total length: 5.30 metres
Payload: 30–60 kg
References
Rockets and missiles
Space launch vehicles of Indonesia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q-systems
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Q-systems are a method of directed graph transformations according to given grammar rules, developed at the Université de Montréal by Alain Colmerauer in 1967–70 for use in natural language processing. The Université de Montréal's machine translation system, TAUM-73, used the Q-Systems as its language formalism.
The data structure manipulated by a Q-system is a Q-graph, which is a directed acyclic graph with one entry node and one exit node, where each arc bears a labelled ordered tree. An input sentence is usually represented by a linear Q-graph where each arc bears a word (tree reduced to one node labelled by this word). After analysis, the Q-graph is usually a bundle of 1-arc paths, each arc bearing a possible analysis tree. After generation, the goal is usually to produce as many paths as desired outputs, with again one word per arc.
A Q-System consists of a sequence of Q-treatments, each being a set of Q-rules, of the form <matched_path> == <added_path> [<condition>]. The Q-treatments are applied in sequence, unless one of them produces the empty Q-graph, in which case the result is the last Q-graph obtained. The three parts of a rule can contain variables for labels, trees, and forests. All variables after "==" must appear in the <matched_path> part. Variables are local to rules.
A Q-treatment works in two steps, addition and cleaning. It first applies all its rules exhaustively, using instantiation (one-way unification), thereby adding new paths to the current Q-graph (added arcs and their trees can be used to produce new paths). If and when this addition process halts, all arcs used in some successful rule application are erased, as well as all unused arcs that are no more on any path from the entry node to the exit node. Hence, the result, if any (if the addition step terminates), is again a Q-graph. That allows several Q-Systems to be chained, each of them performing a specialized task, together forming a complex system. For example, TAUM 73 consisted of fifteen chained Q-Systems.
An extension of the basic idea of the Q-Systems, namely to replace instantiation by unification (to put it simply, allow "new" variables in the right hand side part of a rule, and replace parametrized labelled trees by logical terms) led to Prolog, designed by Alain Colmerauer and Philippe Roussel in 1972. Refinements in the other direction (reducing non-determinism and introducing typed labels) by John Chandioux led to GramR, used for programming METEO from 1985 onward.
In 2009, Hong Thai Nguyen of GETALP, Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble reimplemented the Q-language in C, using ANTLR to compile the Q-systems and the Q-graphs, and an algorithm proposed by Christian Boitet (as none had been published and sources of the previous Fortran implementation had been lost). That implementation was corrected, completed and extended (to labels using Unicode characters and not only the printable characters of the CDC6600 of the historical version) by David Ca
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne%20tram%20route%2086
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Melbourne tram route 86 is operated by Yarra Trams on the Melbourne tram network from Bundoora RMIT to Waterfront City. The route is operated out of Preston depot with E class trams.
History
The line had its beginnings as two separate cable tram lines. The first was part of Melbourne’s main cable tram system, built by the Melbourne Tramway & Omnibus Company (MTOC) in the late 1880s. This system included the 'Collingwood & Clifton Hill' line, which operated along Bourke Street in the city, then Gertrude Street, Smith Street, and Queens Parade to a terminus just short of the Northcote Bridge (Merri Creek Bridge), which opened on 10 August 1887.
A second line, which was a continuation of this line, was built privately by a group of Northcote land speculators, which ran from near the MTOC terminus, across the bridge, up High Street, to Miller Street/Dundas Street, the boundary between Northcote and Preston, which opened on opened on 18 February 1890. Since the lines were built to different standards, passengers had to physically walk between the two termini at the Northcote Bridge to get from Northcote to the city. The line was not as successful as they had hoped, and it closed down and reopened twice before Northcote City Council bought it in 1901 and leased out its operation, and at the end of the lease in 1916 the council took over operation for a short time.
At the end of the MTOC lease in 1916, the State Government took control of their system, vesting them into the Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB) on 1 November 1919, which then absorbed all the municipal systems, including the Northcote cable car line, on 20 February 1920.
An electric tram system that extended beyond the cable tram lines in Preston had been started by the municipal Fitzroy, Northcote & Preston Tramways Trust but it wasn't until after its takeover by the MMTB that services first ran, on 1 April 1920. This system included a line along High Street Preston from Tyler Street south to the Dundas Street cable tram terminus, then west along Miller Street and south along St George’s Road to the terminus of the North Fitzroy cable tram line. This network was orphaned from the rest of the electric network until 24 March 1925 when a line west along Holden Street connected it to the CBD via Lygon Street.
At the same time, the two cable lines were connected into one line by the MMTB, creating the longest line in the city, opening 8 March 1925. It operated until 26 October 1940, when the Bourke Street cable lines were abandoned in favour of double decker buses. The Bourke Street cable lines were the last cable trams to operate in Melbourne.
The MMTB, unhappy with the performance of the buses, decided to rebuild the lines as electric tram services when the buses became life expired. It opened as route 88 (predecessor to the modern 86) on 26 June 1955, with Brunswick East starting operating on 6 May 1956.
On 18 May 1983, the suburban terminus was extended 1.2 kilometres fr
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne%20tram%20route%208
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Melbourne tram route 8 was operated by Yarra Trams on the Melbourne tram network from Moreland to Toorak. The 15.7 kilometre route was operated out of Brunswick and Malvern depots with Z, B and D1 class trams. It ceased on 30 April 2017 and was replaced by routes route 6 and route 58.
History
Route 8 started on 17 October 2004, when the old route 8, which had been running between Melbourne University and Toorak merged with route 22 which had been running between Moreland and Arts Precinct.
In February 2015, Yarra Trams released plans to build a centre platform at Toorak, 100 metres west of the existing terminus. The work was completed in December 2015.
On 30 April 2017 as part of works associated with the closure of Domain Interchange and construction of Anzac railway station, route 8 ceased. The southern portion was replaced by extending route 55 from Domain Interchange to Toorak as route 58, while the northern section was replaced by extending route 6 from Melbourne University to Moreland.
Operation
Routes 8 was operated out of Brunswick and Malvern depots with Z, B and D1 class trams.
From 2016, D2 class trams from Brunswick depot operated on route 8, after the transfer from Southbank to Brunswick of this class to operate route 19.
Route map
References
External links
008
2004 establishments in Australia
2017 disestablishments in Australia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne%20tram%20route%2024
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Melbourne tram route 24 was operated by Yarra Trams on the Melbourne tram network. It operated from Balwyn North to La Trobe Street West End in the Melbourne CBD. The 12.6 kilometre route was operated by A and C class trams from Kew depot.
Route 24 began operating on 25 September 1972 as a peak hour derivative of route 48. Between 23 May and 18 November 2005 it was extended via Docklands to Flinders Street West while the King Street Overpass was demolished.
The route was discontinued on 26 July 2014 as part of a wider timetable change to the Yarra Trams network. It only operated in peak hours.
Map
References
External links
Route 24 map
Route 24 timetable
024
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne%20tram%20route%2030
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Melbourne tram route 30 is operated by Yarra Trams on the Melbourne tram network from St Vincent's Plaza to Central Pier. The route is operated out of Southbank depot with A and E class trams.
History
The line along La Trobe Street between Spencer Street (Stop 1) and Brunswick Street (now St Vincent's Plaza) (Stop 12) was opened by the Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board on 15 January 1951. Until 1972, trams running the La Trobe Street shuttle usually ran without numbers. Route 30 was first allocated to the line between City Spencer Street to via La Trobe Street on 25 September 1972. On 19 June 1973, a siding was installed just east of St Vincent's Plaza in order to allow route 12 and route 30 trams to shunt out of the way of through-running trams.
Most of the trams routes that ran via Brunswick Street or Victoria Parade also had peak-hour variants that would terminate at the La Trobe Street (for example route 23 and 24). For most of its operation, route 30 had never had a weekend or an evening service (services ending at 18:00).
In 1995, route 34 commenced operation between City (La Trobe Street) and East Melbourne, and operated during off-peak hours (10:00 to 15:30). Route 30 became peak-only following this point. Route 34 was discontinued from regular service on 19 September 2003, and replaced by new off-peak services of route 30 which began on 21 September 2003.
As part of the Docklands redevelopment project, tram tracks along La Trobe Street were extended west over the Spencer Street railyards in 2000. On 30 November 2003, the off-peak services of route 30 were extended via the La Trobe Street extension, Harbour Esplanade and Flinders Street before terminating at the Market Street intersection.
On 4 January 2005, off-peak services of route 30 were altered to terminate at Waterfront City along Harbour Esplanade and Docklands Drive, with the opening of the Docklands Drive tram extension. Peak hour services continued to terminate at Spencer Street.
Between May and November 2005, all route 30 peak hour services were temporarily extended and terminated at Waterfront City, to replace a truncated section of route 48 between Central Pier and Waterfront City. During this time, the latter temporarily terminated at Market Street due to the closure and removal of the Flinders Street Overpass over King Street. The temporary arrangement ceased with the completion of works in November 2005.
On 28 July 2008, route 30 swapped termini with route 86, with all peak and off-peak services terminating in Harbour Esplanade at Central Pier, while route 86 was extended to Waterfront City.
On 1 January 2019, the operation of route 30 was extended to evenings and weekends for the first time.
During special events such as the Australian Open or the Australian Grand Prix, route 30 does not operate. Instead, route 12 temporarily diverts via La Trobe Street and replaces route 30. The temporary cessation of route 30 and diversion of route 12 was also in place
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne%20tram%20route%2031
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Melbourne tram route 31 was operated by Yarra Trams on the Melbourne tram network from Hoddle Street to Victoria Harbour. The route was designed as a supplementary service along Collins Street, with services running between peak hours with reduced services on weekends.
History
The first version of route 31 ran from St Vincent's Plaza to the end of Collins Street at Spencer Street. On 18 November 2002, the route, along with peak-hour routes of 11 and 42, was extended via a new extension of Collins Street past Spencer Street station and terminated at Collins Street West End. From 28 June 2004 until 21 November 2005, the line was truncated back to Spencer Street while Spencer Street station (now Southern Cross station) was redeveloped.
With the rerouting of route 48 onto Collins Street in September 2009, route 31 ceased to run.
On 25 October 2010 an amended route 31 was reinstated, running from Hoddle Street, Collingwood to St Vincent's Plaza via Victoria Parade, then via Collins Street and continuing to Victoria Harbour (Merchant Street). The service ran on weekdays between the peak hours.
On 26 January 2014, the route was extended westwards by one more stop to terminate at the intersection of Collins Street and Bourke Street, which became the new Victoria Harbour terminus.
The route was discontinued on 25 July 2014 as part of a wider timetable change to the Yarra Trams network, replaced by a full-time routes 11, 12, 48 and 109 along Victoria Parade and Collins Street.
Route map
References
External links
031
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shipwrecked%20%28TV%20series%29
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Shipwrecked is a British reality television programme that aired on Channel 4's now defunct youth programming brand, T4 between 2000 and 2012. The original version ran for three series from 12 January 2000 to 19 December 2001 and was constructed as a social experiment, without a competitive format or prize.
The programme returned for four series from 8 January 2006 to 10 May 2009 in a new format, as Shipwrecked: Battle of the Islands. It featured two teams competing with each other for new members, with the larger team winning a cash prize at the end.
The series transferred to E4, beginning on 23 October 2011, retitled Shipwrecked: The Island.
On 22 May 2018 Channel 4 confirmed that the series would return on E4, in 2019, with fierce competition between two battling islands, the tigers and the sharks with filming taking place in the summer on two Motu in the lagoon at Aitutaki in the Cook Islands. The new series used the Battle of the Islands format and began airing on 28 January 2019, narrated by Vick Hope. The series ended on 15 February and on 15 July 2019, it was announced that the revived show had been axed due to low ratings.
In 2013 a Russian version of the show aired on NTV.
Original series
Series 1 (2000)
The first series ran for 9 episodes from 12 January to 1 March 2000. In the series, a group of young British contestants were stranded in the Cook Islands. The format saw 16 18- to 24-year-olds stranded on Moturakau for 68 days and 67 nights, when they were eventually picked up by a sailing boat.
The 16 contestants were Elliot Dell, Dan Woodrow, Jack Krelle, Jessica Pearson, William, Rachel, Megane Quashie, Mandy Dassa, Star Hart, Lisa Norton, David, Jen, Ashna, Simon Babbage (Crusoe), Darrell (Paddy), Will Chapman, and Andy.
By the end there were only seven contestants left on the island; the others had departed to have fun on the mainland of Aitutaki and Jess left in week 5 to sail round the South Pacific. Unlike the recent series which have had game show formats, the original series (and to an extent series 2 and 3) relied on trial and error which gave it a very raw format. A pig was slaughtered in week 4, chickens were humanely killed, and fish, snails, clams and octopus were caught by hand in the open sea. There were expeditions to the reef to fish, night fishing and in week 3–4 the island was flash-flooded by high tides. Also in approximately week 3-4 the cast began weekly canoe trips in pairs to the mainland to collect "supplies" (vegetables and fruit).
The series was narrated by actor Andrew Lincoln.
Series 2 (Early 2001)
The second series ran for 13 episodes from 18 January to 28 February 2001, and the contestants were this time sent to Tonga. Before going to the island, a panel of judges ran the applicants through a boot camp-style audition process before selecting the final participants. A notable incident occurred when some contestants stole food from the producers tent on the other side of the island, and a group
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue-lipped%20sea%20krait
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The blue-lipped sea krait (Laticauda laticaudata), also known as the blue-banded sea krait or common sea krait, is a species of venomous sea snake in the subfamily Laticaudinae of the family Elapidae. It is found in the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans.
Taxonomy
The blue-lipped sea krait was one of the many species originally described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae, where it was given the binomial name Coluber laticaudatus. There are two subspecies, Laticauda laticaudata laticaudata and Laticauda laticaudata affinis.
Description
Ventral scales of this snake are large, one-third to more than one-half the width of the body; the nostrils are lateral; nasal scales are separated by internasals; 19 longitudinal rows of imbricate scales are found at midbody; no azygous prefrontal shield is present; rostral scales are undivided; ventrals number 225–243; subcaudals number 38–47 in males, females have 30–35 (ventral and subcaudal counts after Smith 1943:443). The upper lip is dark brown. Total length varies with sex: males are , females are ; tail lengths are similar: . The 19 rows of scales and the dark brown upper lip can be used to differentiate the blue-lipped sea krait from other Laticauda species.
Distribution and habitat
This species is found in the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans: Bay of Bengal (Bangladesh, East India, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand), coasts of Malay Peninsula to Indonesia, Timor-Leste, New Guinea, the Philippines, off the coasts of Fujian and Taiwan, Japan, Polynesia, Melanesia, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, Palau, Vanuatu, Fiji, and Australia (Queensland). One specimen was found in Devonport, New Zealand in 2011, however it died shortly after being taken to Kelly Tarlton's Sea Life Aquarium.
The blue-lipped sea snake is spread all over the west pacific, making it known as the common sea krait, however taxonomic studies might indicate they might be an endemic species.
Special features
This snake is known to warm up in wedge-tailed shearwater burrows.
References
Kharin V. E. 1984 Revision of sea snakes of subfamily Laticaudinae Cope, 1879 sensu lato (Serpentes, Hydrophiidae). Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta 124: 128-139
External links
.
Laticauda
Reptiles of the Indian Ocean
Fauna of the Pacific Ocean
Snakes of Asia
Snakes of Australia
Reptiles of Bangladesh
Reptiles of Cambodia
Snakes of China
Reptiles of India
Reptiles of Indonesia
Reptiles of Japan
Reptiles of Malaysia
Reptiles of Myanmar
Reptiles of Papua New Guinea
Reptiles of the Philippines
Reptiles of Sri Lanka
Reptiles of Taiwan
Reptiles of Thailand
Snakes of Vietnam
Reptiles described in 1758
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
Snakes of New Guinea
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne%20tram%20route%2048
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Melbourne tram route 48 is operated by Yarra Trams on the Melbourne tram network from Balwyn North to Victoria Harbour. The route is operated out of Kew depot with A and C class trams.
History
The origins of route 48 lie in separate lines. The section between Flinders Street (near Stop 9) and Hawthorn Bridge (Stop 23) dates back to Melbourne's first cable tram line to Richmond, which opened on 11 November 1885. It was electrified in stages, finally commencing electric operations on 4 December 1927. The section between Southern Cross station (Stop 1) and Spring Street (Stop 8) opened on 2 October 1886 as the North Fitzroy line. It was electrified on 21 November 1929. These two lines are connected by a line that was built along Spring Street on 10 November 1993 as part of the City Circle tram line works. The section between Barkers Road (Stop 29) and Cotham Road (Stop 33) was built by the Prahran & Malvern Tramways Trust on 24 February 1915. The track between Cotham Road and Kew Cemetery (Stop 37) opened later that year on 8 May, and then extended to Harp Road (Stop 39) on 26 November. The Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board opened Church Street line between Barkers Road and Hawthorn Bridge on 7 July 1923. An extension from Harp Road to Burke Road (Stop 45) opened on 11 January 1925. The line between Burke Road and Bulleen Road (Stop 47) opened on 13 June 1937, and the rest of the line to Balwyn North opened on 11 December 1938.
Route 48 was first allocated to the line between Balwyn North and the City on 11 December 1938 with the opening of the Balwyn North extension. Prior to that point, services on the East Kew line were largely provided by route 40, which ran from Kew East (Bulleen Road) to the City. Trams traditionally would usually terminate at the Lonsdale Street terminus on Spencer Street, but peak hour congestion at the terminus often meant that trams would often run through to La Trobe Street, or would truncate at the corner of Flinders and Spencer Streets. After the construction of a siding north of La Trobe Street in 1993, route 48 trams were extended to terminate there along with route 75. However, it proved to be difficult for the siding to handle peak hour congestion with route 75, so route 48 was amended to terminate at Flinders Street West from 3 September 2000. On 4 May 2003, the line was extended to the intersection of Bourke Street and Harbour Esplanade, Docklands. On 4 January 2005, route 48 was extended along Harbour Esplanade and Docklands Drive to Waterfront City.
Between May and November 2005, the route temporarily terminated at Market Street due to the closure and removal of the Flinders Street Overpass over King Street. The truncated section between La Trobe Street and Waterfront City was temporarily replaced by routes 30 and 86.
On 20 September 2009, route 48 was altered to run via Collins Street in lieu of Flinders Street, terminating at Victoria Harbour (Merchant Street). The route along Flinders Street and Ha
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anodonthyla
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Anodonthyla is a genus of microhylid frogs endemic to Madagascar. Molecular data suggest that it is the sister taxon to all other species in the subfamily Cophylinae.
Species
The genus contains twelve recognized species:
Description
One of the most obvious morphological synapomorphies of the genus is the presence, in males only, of a large prepollex that runs along the first finger and generally is closely connected to the first finger over most of its length. Correlated to this character, in males and females, the first finger is very short compared to other cophylines. This is true even of the extremely miniaturised species Anodonthyla eximia described in 2019.
Related pages
Amphibians of Madagascar
References
External links
Cophylinae
Amphibian genera
Endemic frogs of Madagascar
Taxa named by Fritz Müller (doctor)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison%20of%20operating%20system%20kernels
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A kernel is a component of a computer operating system. A comparison of system kernels can provide insight into the design and architectural choices made by the developers of particular operating systems.
Comparison criteria
The following tables compare general and technical information for a number of widely used and currently available operating system kernels. Please see the individual products' articles for further information.
Even though there are a large number and variety of available Linux distributions, all of these kernels are grouped under a single entry in these tables, due to the differences among them being of the patch level. See comparison of Linux distributions for a detailed comparison. Linux distributions that have highly modified kernels — for example, real-time computing kernels — should be listed separately. There are also a wide variety of minor BSD operating systems, many of which can be found at comparison of BSD operating systems.
The tables specifically do not include subjective viewpoints on the merits of each kernel or operating system.
Feature overview
The major contemporary general-purpose kernels are shown in comparison. Only an overview of the technical features is detailed.
Transport protocol support
In-kernel security
In-kernel virtualization
In-kernel server support
Binary format support
A comparison of OS support for different binary formats (executables):
File system support
Physical file systems:
Networked file system support
Supported CPU instruction sets and microarchitectures
Supported GPU processors
Supported kernel execution environment
This table indicates, for each kernel, what operating systems' executable images and device drivers can be run by that kernel.
Supported cipher algorithms
This may be usable on some situations like file system encrypting.
Supported compression algorithms
This may be usable on some situations like compression file system.
Supported message digest algorithms
Supported Bluetooth protocols
Audio support
See also
Comparison of open-source operating systems
Comparison of Linux distributions
Comparison of BSD operating systems
Comparison of Microsoft Windows versions
List of operating systems
Comparison of file systems
Comparison of operating systems
Footnotes
Kernels
Computing platforms
Operating system kernels
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux%20kernel%20oops
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In computing, an oops is a serious but non-fatal error in the Linux kernel. An oops may precede a kernel panic, but it may also allow continued operation with compromised reliability. The term does not stand for anything, other than that it is a simple mistake.
Functioning
When the kernel detects a problem, it kills any offending processes and prints an oops message, which Linux kernel engineers can use in debugging the condition that created the oops and fixing the underlying programming error. After a system has experienced an oops, some internal resources may no longer be operational. Thus, even if the system appears to work correctly, undesirable side effects may have resulted from the active task being killed. A kernel oops often leads to a kernel panic when the system attempts to use resources that have been lost. Some kernels are configured to panic when many oopses ( by default) have occurred. This oops limit is due to the potential, for example, for attackers to repeatedly trigger an oops and an associated resource leak, which eventually overflows an integer and allows further exploitation.
The official Linux kernel documentation regarding oops messages resides in the file of the kernel sources. Some logger configurations may affect the ability to collect oops messages. The kerneloops software can collect and submit kernel oopses to a repository such as the www.kerneloops.org website, which provides statistics and public access to reported oopses.
For a person not familiar with technical details of computers and operating systems, an oops message might look confusing. Unlike other operating systems such as Windows or macOS, Linux chooses to present details explaining the crash of the kernel rather than display a simplified, user-friendly message, such as the BSoD on Windows. A simplified crash screen has been proposed a few times, however currently none are in development.
See also
kdump (Linux) Linux kernel's crash dump mechanism, which internally uses kexec
System.map contains mappings between symbol names and their addresses in memory, used to interpret oopses
References
Further reading
Linux Device Drivers, 3rd edition, Chapter 4.
Kernel Oops Howto (the madwifi project) Useful information on configuration files and tools to help display oops messages. Also many other links.
Computer errors
Linux kernel
Screens of death
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coding%20interview
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A coding interview, technical interview, programming interview or Microsoft interview is a technical problem-based job interview technique to assess applicants for a computer programming or software development position. Modern coding interview techniques were pioneered by Microsoft during the 1990s and adopted by other large technology companies including Amazon, Facebook, and Google. Coding interviews test candidates' technical knowledge, coding ability, problem solving skills, and creativity, typically on a whiteboard. Candidates usually have a degree in computer science, information science, computer engineering or electrical engineering, and are asked to solve programming problems, algorithms, or puzzles. Coding interviews are typically conducted in-person or virtually.
Innovation
Microsoft's interview style was distinctive in that it concerned technical knowledge, problem solving and creativity as opposed to the goal and weaknesses interviews most companies used at the time. Initially based on Bill Gates's obsession with puzzles, many of the puzzles presented during interviews started off being Fermi problems, or sometimes logic problems, and have eventually transitioned over the years into questions relevant to programming. As William Poundstone wrote, "Puzzles test competitive edge as well as intelligence. Like business or football, a logic puzzle divides the world into winners and losers. You either get the answer, or you don't. … Winning has to matter."
Questions
The questions asked during a coding interview are crafted to determine a candidate's problem solving, coding and design abilities. Eccentric questions (such as "Which of the fifty states would you remove?") test a candidate's ability to come to a decision and articulate it. Candidates answering questions should consider the use of technology in the present and future, and user scenarios. Some questions involve projects that the candidate has worked on in the past.
A coding interview is intended to seek out creative thinkers and those who can adapt their solutions to rapidly changing and dynamic scenarios.
Typical questions that a candidate might be asked to answer during the second-round interview include:
Design a GPS navigation unit for a hiker.
Design a communication device for Canadian park rangers.
Shift all elements of a circular array by k bytes, using no extra memory.
Microsoft popularized the question of why manhole covers are typically round (in some countries) when they began asking it as a job interview question. Originally meant as a psychological assessment of how one approaches a question with more than one correct answer, the problem has produced a number of alternative explanations, from the tautological ("Manhole covers are round because manholes are round.") to the philosophical.
By 2012, the practice of asking lateral thinking questions had declined at companies including Microsoft and Google. A study by San Francisco State University associate p
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KLDQ
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KLDQ (100.7 FM) is a radio station in Fargo, North Dakota (licensed to Harwood, North Dakota), broadcasting the K-LOVE radio network, airing a contemporary Christian music format.
Translators
History
The station signed on in 2001 as KGBZ with an 80's rock format known as "The Buzz", owned and operated by Tom Ingstad. The Buzz also aired Loveline and Bob and Tom.
KGBZ switched to a smooth jazz in 2003 as "FM Smooth Jazz", along with adopting the KDJZ call sign.
Educational Media Foundation purchased KDJZ in 2004, and became a full-time K-LOVE network affiliate, along with changing the call sign to KKLQ to reflect K-LOVE. In 2007, KKLQ resolved its limited signal issue in the eastern Fargo-Moorhead area by signing on a translator K257EP 99.3 FM in Dilworth, Minnesota. Translator K237ER 95.3 FM also signed on in Grand Forks, North Dakota weeks later.
On November 8, 2017, EMF filed to use the KKLQ call sign for their new K-LOVE affiliate at 100.3 in Los Angeles and slated KLDQ to be the new call sign for the 100.7 frequency. The change took effect on November 16, 2017.
References
External links
K-LOVE
LDQa
K-Love radio stations
Contemporary Christian radio stations in the United States
Radio stations established in 2001
2001 establishments in North Dakota
Educational Media Foundation radio stations
LDQ
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