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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Anatomy
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f0ae92d9-8a7e-478e-bcdf-3546a9cd3b7b
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[{'content': 'Lacrimation is affected due to damage to which of the following nerves? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Nasociliary nerve, B. Greater petrosal nerve, C. Trigeminal nerve, D. Anterior ethmoid nerve', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Answer- B (Greater petrosal nerve)The greater petrosal nerve is a branch of the facial nerve. It gives secretomotor fibers to the pterygopalatine ganglion along with lesser petrosal nerve. The postganglionic fibers innervate the lacrimal gland and are responsible for the formation of tears.Greater petrosal nerve damage will deprive the lacrimal gland of its secretomotor fibers and this would lead to the absence of tears.Greater petrosal nerve damage can happen in case of intrapetrosal mass lesions, a trauma in case of temporal bone injuries, etc.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
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26e6e0c4-509a-4ebc-93bb-f8f431425954
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[{'content': "Insulin resistance is seen in liver disease because of- \nSelect and explain. \nA. Decreased secretion of insulin, B. Hepatic steatosis, C. Hepatocytedysfunction, D. Low 'C'peptide level", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans. b. Hepatic steatosis (Ref Robbins 9/e p842, 845, 8/e p 1136, http://wwwnews-medical.net/health/What-is-InsulinResistance.aspx )'Insulin resistance may also be caused by the damage of liver cells having undergone a defect of insulin receptors in hepatocytes.''Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to the presence of hepatic steetosis when no other causes for secondary hepatic fat accumulation (eg. heavy alcohol consumption) are present.", 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
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9e165700-2956-44ca-9427-c3d37bb09977
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[{'content': 'Access cavity shape in mandibular 1st molar with 4 canals \nSelect and explain. \nA. Trapezoidal, B. Round, C. Oval, D. Triangular', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Gynaecology & Obstetrics
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c5d41fc0-2e6a-4348-848e-5dabfa570178
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[{'content': "A 25-year-old lady with submucosal fibroid was undergoing myomectomy. The surgeon was using 1.5 yo glycine as irrigating fluid for the cavity. During the surgery the nurse informs the surgeon that there is a 500m1 fluid deficit. What is the next step to be done? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Stop the'surgery, B. Change the fluid to normal saline, C. Continue the surgery with careful monitoring of fluid status, D. Give furosemide to the patient and continue surgery", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Ans. C. Continue the surgery with careful monitoring of fluid statusRef. BSGE/ESGE guideline on manage,nent of fluid disrension metlia in operative hysteroscopy.Asymptomatic hypervolemia can be managed by fluid restriction with or without diuretics.Patient should be observed for symptoms of hyponatremia and continued electrolyte monitoring should be done.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Social & Preventive Medicine
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6aa90491-889d-4f74-802a-a1346c68b5aa
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[{'content': 'If the distribution of intraocular pressure (IOP) seen in 100 glaucoma patients has an average 30 mm with an SD of 1, what is the lower limit of the average that can be expected 95% of times - \nSelect and explain. \nA. 28, B. 26, C. 32, D. 25', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: In the given question, Mean (μ) = 30 mm and SD (σ) = 1.0 mm\nThus, 95% values are contained in the range of Mean ± 2 SD (µ ± 2s) or 30 ± 2 (1)\nSo, 95% values are contained in the range 30 – 2 mm and 30 + 2 mm OR between 28 and 30 mm.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
9064db4c-83a8-4110-9a87-b4c4669bb225
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[{'content': 'Metal oxides are added in porcelain provide all except \nSelect and explain. \nA. Strength, B. Improve bonding, C. Cosmetic, D. Impart colour', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Physiology
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212c1720-9f09-49d2-9a44-47bd914b35c9
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[{'content': "Anatomical dead space measured by - \nSelect and explain. \nA. Bohler's method, B. Xenon dilution technique, C. Spirometry, D. Single breath nitrogen test", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: D \nExplanation: Ans. D. Single breath nitrogen test(Ref: Ganong 25/e p633, 634, 24/e p633, 634)Anatomical dead space - Calculation:By Bohr's equation - Uses single breath nitrogen inhalation technique.Xenon/Helium dilution technique:Used to measure functional residual capacity of lung.Spirometry:Cannot measure residual or dead space volumes.", 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics
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6918034a-534e-462d-a6d2-68d66fe748cc
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[{'content': 'Suprasellar cystic mass in children is – \nSelect and explain. \nA. Medulloblastoma, B. Craniopharyngioma, C. Meningioma, D. Secondaries', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: B \nExplanation: Craniopharyngjoma \n\nCraniophyngioma is the most common supratentorial tumor in children.\nIt is a suprasellar tumor which presents as cystic mass.\nIt arises from squamous epithelial cells crests of embryonic rathke's pouch.\n\nClinical presentation of craniopharyngioma\nIn children they present as --> visual loss, growth failure, Bitemporal hemianopsia\nIn adults they present as —> visual loss & endocrine dysfunction (D'1, delayed puberty)..", 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
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c32b760b-1412-41f9-9542-45885fa19cee
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[{'content': 'Incidence of extra canal in mandibular 1st molar is seen in \nSelect and explain. \nA. 10%, B. 20%, C. 30%, D. 40%', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: ENT
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825a499b-6eac-41df-b015-85662bfe6aa9
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[{'content': 'A 55 year old male presents with a lesion of 2.5*3.5 cm on lateral border of tongue with induration. There is no associated lymphadenopathy. What is the staging according to the 8th AJCC guidelines? \nSelect and explain. \nA. T2N0M0, B. T3N2M0, C. T4N3M0, D. T3N2M0', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans: A. T2N0M0Ref: AJCC Cancer staging munual I'h ed., ch-7, pg. 79,90Cancer of the lip and oral cavity TNM staging AJCC UICC 2017", 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
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1746f29c-38bb-45bc-baaf-f74bc5279f06
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[{'content': 'First permanent molars begin to calcify at: \nSelect and explain. \nA. 6 months of intra uterine life, B. At birth, C. Before deciduous incisors, D. About 1 year after birth', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
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e70b5eab-a54e-49a7-a8ca-0d226e856a54
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[{'content': 'Lactobacillus count AFTER CARIES ACTIVITY test is 10,500CFU. What is the rate of caries progression ? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Slight, B. Mild, C. Moderate, D. Severe', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
c5d4afb6-6a0c-4399-9168-d73a8e5c14cf
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[{'content': '5 years and 4 month old child having small chin, he clinically presents with distal step 2nd molar relation and narrow width of maxilla, having normal SNA angle, decreased SNB angle, with low FMA angle, then. What would be the appropriate treatment protocol for this patient? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Wait and watch for 6 years, B. Kloehn head gear to treat maxillary protrusion, C. FR II appliance, D. Twin block appliance', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: When the facial growth pattern is viewed against the perspective of the cephalocaudal gradient, it is not surprising that the mandible, being farther away from the brain, tends to grow more and later than the maxilla, which is closer.\nGrowth of the mandible continues at a relatively steady rate before puberty. Ramus height increases 1\xa0to 2 mm per year and body length increases 2 to 3 mm per year. These cross-sectional data tend to smooth out the juvenile and pubertal growth spurts, which do occur in growth of the mandible.\nGrowth in length and height of both jaws continues through the period of puberty.\nSince the age of the child is less than 6 years and growth spurts are yet to occur. So at this point of time, in this patient, the best treatment protocol will be wait and watch.\nRef: Proffit 4th Edition', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Gynaecology & Obstetrics
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48b657a1-b046-40e2-b0bf-a2ece3cbcb8e
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[{'content': "A 32-year-old woman is 9 weeks pregnant and has a 10 year old Down's syndrome child. What test would you recommend for the mother so that she can know about her chances of getting a Down's syndrome baby is this present pregnancy. How will you assure the mother about the chances of Down's syndrome in the present pregnancy? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Blood test, B. USG, C. Chorionic villus sampling, D. Assure her there is no chance since she is less than 35 years of age", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Friends – In Patients with previous H/O Down’s syndrome the only confirmatory test, which tells us with 100% reliability of the chances of Down’s syndrome in present pregnancy is “Karyotyping”.\nThe sample for karyotyping can be obtained in first-trimester by – chorionic villi sampling and in 2nd trimester by amniocentesis.\nSo obviously we will think of marking option ‘c’ i.e. chorionic villi sampling as the correct answer but, The Question specifically mentions that patient is 9 weeks pregnant and we all know that if CVS is done before 10 weeks– it can lead to limb reduction defects and oromandibular defects in the fetus \\Some people argue CVS is not the correct thing to do at this stage.\nRead for yourself what Williams has to say on this issue.\n“Early reports of an association between CVS and limb. Reduction defects and oromandibular limb hypogenesis caused a great deal of concern (Burton, 1992; Firth, 1991, 1994; Hsieh, 1995, and all their colleagues). Subsequently, it was shown that limb-reduction defects were associated with CVS performed earlier in gestation—typically around 7 weeks”\nWilliams Obs 23/e, p 300', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
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a0ad697e-a58d-436f-ab0a-7918485f9f32
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[{'content': 'Which types of wooden wedges are commonly available \nSelect and explain. \nA. Triangular, B. Rectangular, C. Round, D. All are common', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pharmacology
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738ded5c-b743-45d2-adfe-9cbb7c519a67
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[{'content': 'Short-acting non-depolarising muscle relaxant is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Succinylcholine, B. Pancuronium, C. Mivacurum, D. Decamethonium', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine
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753a7a8e-6da4-419b-9efb-0b74581d3992
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[{'content': 'A patient with Tubercular meningitis was taking ATT regularly. At end of 1 month of regular intake of drugs deterioration in sensorium is noted in condition of the patient despite good compliance for drugs. Which of the following investigations is not required as emergency condition? \nSelect and explain. \nA. MRI, B. NCCT, C. CSF examination, D. Liver function tests', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Answer- C. CSF examinationAltered sensorium might be due to raised intracranial tension and lumbar punctare can precipitate the ominous herniation of the brain. So, lumbar puncture (for CSF examination) is not required on emergency evaluation in the above mentioned patient.Altered sensorium in a patient of Turbercular meningitis, who was taking ATT from the last one month maybe due toHepatic encephalopathy secondary to hepatotoxicity of ATT. Hence, LFT should be performed.Diagnosis:Lumbar puncture is cornerstone of diagnosis (should not be done in cases or raised ICT).CSF examination reveals high leukocyte counto (usually predominance of lymphocytes but often with a predominance of neutrophils in the early stage), a protein content of I to 8 g/L (100 to 800 mg/dl) and a low glucose concentration.Culture of CSF is diagnostic in 80% cases.CT or MRI may show hydrocephalus and abnormal enhancement of basal cisterns or ependyma.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
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4725b4cb-9085-4059-864f-a5800d15d52b
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[{'content': 'Ability of a bur blade to describe a complete circle during rotation is called as: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Concentricity., B. Staticity., C. Run out., D. Symmetry', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2019, Subject name: Surgery
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228da52b-1c04-49cc-bfd8-05701a0fdb11
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[{'content': 'Which of the following is true about prostate cancer? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Histopathology is determined by Gleason score, B. Most common region involved is central zone, C. Most common type is squamous cell Carcinoma, D. It is not a hormone dependent cancer', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Prostate cancer: Adenocarcinoma Malignancy arising from gland Hormone dependent malignancy PROSTATE Ca. BREAST Ca.| |TESTOSTERONE PROGESTERONE - M/C malignant tumor in ? > 65 years- M/C site for malignancy - Peripheral zone Grading (Pathologic): GLEASON GRADE PRIMARY (1-5) SECONDARY (1-5) Gleason Score: Primary + secondary grading= 2-10 Screening: | Levels of PSA (prostate specific Antigen)- not specific', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2017, Subject name: Pathology
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af344b7b-30b7-4663-a02c-0605fb54c801
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[{'content': 'Which of the following anticoagulant preservative can be used to store blood, so that it can be kept for 35 days? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Acid citrate dextrose (ACD), B. CPD Citrate phosphate dextrose, C. Citrate phosphate dextrose-adenine (CPD-A), D. CP2D - citrate phosphate double dextrose', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Shelf life of the blood after adding above chemicals:- Acid citrate dextrose -> 21 days Citrate phosphate Dextrose -> 21 days Citrate phosphate Dextrose Adenine -> 35 days Saline Adenine Glucose Mannitol -> 42 days.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
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efc03688-d97e-4d32-b963-944494fab200
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[{'content': 'All ceramic crown is placed on mandibular canine, what can we do to prolong the life of crown: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Glazing, B. Polishing., C. Out of occlusion (Infraocclusion)., D. Group function.', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Orthopaedics
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5c621759-a7f6-4cb9-851b-11da1704d76e
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[{'content': 'All of the following are complications of supracondylar fracture of humerus in children,except - \nSelect and explain. \nA. Compartment syndrome, B. Myositis ossificans, C. Malunion, D. Non-Union', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
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cab5a741-ed81-4223-8028-27cfb4433122
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[{'content': 'Diagnosis of mouth breathing can be done by all of the following except: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Cephalometric, B. Mouth mirror test, C. Rhinomanometry, D. Kinesiography', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Kinesiography is used to record the rest position of the mandible three dimensionally.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
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3473138a-87dc-494f-a9e9-11848d599095
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[{'content': 'In reversible hydrocolloid the property by which the transformation from sol to gel and gel to sol occurs, is a function of the: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Concentration of fillers and plasticizer, B. Percentage composition by weight of water, C. Concentration of potassium sulphate, D. Temperature', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: The\xa0physical\xa0change\xa0of\xa0agar\xa0from\xa0sol\xa0to\xa0gel\xa0is\xa0induced\xa0by lowering the temperature. The gel liquefies to a sol when it\xa0is\xa0heated\xa0to\xa0a\xa0temperature\xa0known\xa0as\xa0the\xa0liquefaction temperature\xa0(70°C\xa0to\xa0100°C).\xa0When\xa0the\xa0sol\xa0is\xa0cooled,\xa0it\xa0becomes a gel at a point known as the gelation temperature\xa0(between 37°C and 50°C). Thus, it is called a reversible hydrocolloid. The gelation temperature is critical for impression making.\nPhillips dental materials 12th edition page no 168,170', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine
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6456df80-5db3-44f0-bc53-e3209b525d2f
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[{'content': 'A patient presents with ascending muscle weakness for 2 days. On examination, the limb is flaccid. What investigation should be done first? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Serum potassium, B. Serum creatinine, C. Serum magnesium, D. Serum calcium', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: A \nExplanation: Answer- A. Serum potassiumHypokalemia can cause flaccid ascending paralysis, which is a differential diagnosis for GBS. It can also cause periodic paralysis. Hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia usually cause tetany and hypercalcemia won't cause ascending paralysis.A low serum potassium level during an attack, excluding secondary causes, establishes the diagnosis of Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis.", 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine
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c2cf6fda-d767-48e5-acbe-c663d376240b
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[{'content': 'Acetone breath is a feature of: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Liver disease, B. Sinusitis, C. Renal disease, D. Diabetes mellitus', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
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8f39d375-f28e-41de-a0f4-6bf5757c9cd4
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[{'content': 'Which of the following bone(s) are used for the determination of growth in an individual? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Clavicle, B. Sternum, C. Cervical vertebrae, D. Mandible', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Cervical vertebrae maturation index (CVMI)\nThe size and shape changes in the bodies of five cervical vertebrae (second through sixth) are an\xa0accurate indicator of skeletal maturity. These can be assessed on a lateral cephalogram.\nRef: Orthodontics: Diagnosis and Management of Malocclusion and Dentofacial Deformities, 3e, Om P. Kharbanda pdf no 873', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
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f477ffc3-2257-415b-b80b-82203647a233
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[{'content': 'Shape of the central groove in Mandibular 2nd premolar is \nSelect and explain. \nA. Y shaped, B. H shaped, C. U shaped, D. All of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Gynaecology & Obstetrics
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09e1b073-410a-4395-a142-1c53cec20279
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[{'content': 'Amniotic fluid is mainly produced by: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Placenta, B. Fetus, C. Chorion, D. Amnion', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: “The precise origin of the amniotic fluid remains is still not well understood. It is probably of mixed maternal and fetal origin.”\nDutta Obs. 8/e, p 43\nBut this cannot help us to solve this question.\nLet’s see what Williams Obs. has to say on Origin of Amniotic fluid.\n“In early pregnancy, amniotic fluid is an ultrafiltrate of maternal plasma. By the beginning of second trimester, it consists largely of extracellular fluid which diffuses through the fetal skin, and thus reflects the composition of fetal plasma”.\nAfter 20 weeks, however, the cornification of fetal skin prevents this diffusion and amniotic fluid is composed largely of fetal urine.”\nWilliams Obs. 23/e, p 88, 89\nReading the above text, it can be concluded that in early pregnancy - Mother is the main contributor whereas during rest of the pregnancy - Fetus is the main contributor.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine
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2c7e29e5-6824-4217-af1e-7c5b40d57ea5
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[{'content': 'A 40 years old female currently on a drug for psychiatric illness and hypeension presents with NYHA class III hea failure with dyspnea, pedal edema and K+ levels of 5.5 mEq/L and creatinine 2.5 mg%. Which of the following drug is best avoided? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Carvedilol, B. Enalapril, C. Spironolactone, D. Digoxin', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Answer- C. Spironolactone In this case patient is having heafailure with hyperkalemia and renal dysfunction with psychiatric illness. Spironolactone and enalapril, both causes hyperkalemia hut spironolactone csuses CNS depression also. Digoxin causes hypokalemia In this patient, spironolactone should be avoided.Mechanism of ActionPharmacologic antagonist of aldosterone in collecting tubulesWeak antagonism of androgen receptorsWeak inhibitor of testosterone synthesis', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
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3a9f2b69-a6e9-437a-aec2-955872905eec
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[{'content': 'Among the following solvent which of the following is safest and effective gutta percha solvent? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Terpentine, B. Choloroform, C. Methylchioroform, D. Halothane', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
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c0b2a85f-6080-4082-bcdf-8653195da895
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[{'content': 'Type-IV isthmii is? \nSelect and explain. \nA. complete or incomplete isthmus between three or more canals, B. Complete communication between two canal, C. No communication between any canal, D. two or three canal openings without visible connections', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
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fe7da57a-1e69-43c0-9b93-be4d47f77805
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[{'content': 'Green discoloration of teeth is seen in: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Tetracycline therapy, B. Fluorosis, C. Erythroblastosis fetalis, D. None of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
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70c2ef80-fe3f-438b-8944-40693da01e41
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[{'content': 'Improved marginal adaptation in a composite restoration can be achieved by: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Moisture free environment, B. Application of pressure, C. Acid etching, D. Continued packing', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pharmacology
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de06c967-1c49-42ad-a5bb-ddaf1f0a9e59
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[{'content': 'In an animal model, the phenomenon of vasomotor reversal of dale can be demonstrated by: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Stimulation of alpha-1 followed by stimulation of beta-2, B. Block of alpha-1 followed by stimulation of beta-2, C. Stimulation of alpha-1 followed by block of beta-2, D. Stimulation of beta-1 receptor followed by block of beta-2 receptor', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Answer- B. Block of alpha-1 followed by stimulation of beta-2In an animal model, the phenomenon of vasomotor reversal of dale can be demonstrated hy block of alpha-l followed by stimulation of beta-2.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Physiology
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92bc808f-994e-4669-80e5-77305a9f9178
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[{'content': 'Which hormone, together with the catecholamines, enhances the tone of vascular smooth muscle and assists in elevating blood pressure? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Parathyroid hormone, B. Glucagon, C. Thyroxine, D. Cortisol', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
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98b3a08a-de88-41bf-90d0-41e30bfb567f
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[{'content': 'The purpose of plane of orientation is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. To serve as a guide in establishing occlusal plane, B. To aid in measuring height and Length of posterior teeth, C. To serve as an arbitrary plane when established on the articulator, D. To divide the distance between upper and Lower cast equally', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
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424c8df6-20ac-4083-8bf8-47216a533e15
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[{'content': 'The two cements which hold with the tooth are: \nSelect and explain. \nA. GIC and polycarboxylate, B. GIC and ZnPO4, C. ZnPO4 and silicate, D. GIC and silicate', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
b02a2fb8-3cd5-4043-88fa-ab4ad3092efe
|
[{'content': 'Inflammation of the periapical tissue is sustained by: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Stagnant tissue fluid, B. Necrotic tissue, C. Microorganisms, D. Pus cells', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Apical periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of periradicular tissues caused by aetiological agents of endodontic origin.\xa0\nPersistent apical periodontitis occurs when root canal treatment of apical periodontitis has not adequately eliminated the intraradicular infection (microbes).', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery
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e2f9aeea-209b-421d-b69a-30930176b3cb
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[{'content': 'A young lady with symptoms of hypehyroidism with elevated T4 and TSH levels were 8.5. Fuher examination reveals bitemporal hemianopia. Next step of management: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Sta antithyroid drugs, and do urgent MRI brain, B. Sta beta-blockers, C. Conservative management, D. Sta antithyroid drugs and wait for symptoms to resolve.', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans: A. Sta antithyroid drugs, and do urgent MRI brain(Ref Harrison 19/e p2274. 18/e p2880; Sabiston 20/e p982, 19/e p1890; Schwaz 10/e p1533, 9/e p1541: Bailey 27/e p8 1 1, 26/e p614-616)Hypehyroidism with elevated T4 and TSH levels and bitemporal hemianopia is highly suggestive of TSH-secreting adenoma.MRI - Confirm TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma diagnosis.TSH producing macroadenomas:Rare.Often large & locally invasive.Along with thyroid goiter & hypehyroidism, reflecting TSH overproduction.Diagnosis:Elevated serum free T4 levels.Inappropriately normal or high TSH secretion.MRI - Evidence of pituitary adenoma.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
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cb27bde3-31d6-452b-9d4e-cc6351540089
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[{'content': 'Which of the following is a soft tissue cyst which do not produce any radiographic changes \nSelect and explain. \nA. Nasolabial cyst, B. Nasopalatine cyst, C. Mid alveolar cyst, D. Palatine cyst', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
45724175-280b-42be-a33b-73eeae2a9426
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[{'content': 'Pure histological landmark for termination of cleaning, shaping and obturation is \nSelect and explain. \nA. CDJ, B. Apical foramen, C. Apical constriction, D. All of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
bba8abed-d437-429f-bb4d-fd224fc9ead8
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[{'content': 'Mesial and distal wall of class V cavity depends on: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Direction of enamel rods, B. Presence of carious lesion, C. Contour of gingiva, D. Location of contact area', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Gynaecology & Obstetrics
|
f5b89559-4ce3-4dd5-b950-5624eb6f4ca8
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[{'content': 'A 20 year young female presented for antenatal checkup. She was in 1st trimester and was diagnosed to have ovarian cyst. Treatment of choice: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Surgical removal in IInd trimester, B. Removal after delivery, C. Termination of pregnancy and cyst removal, D. Observation', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Patient is presenting in the first trimester with ovarian cyst.\nThe principle of treatment in case of ovarian tumour is to remove the tumour as soon as the diagnosis is made. But this principle should not be followed in the first trimester.\nSurgery in the first trimester is best avoided, as during surgery a corpus luteal cyst or ovary might be removed which will be detrimental to the pregnancy, which may end up in a miscarriage.\nTherefore, all such cases should be operated (ovariotomy/cystectomy) in the second trimester.\nTherefore, the best time of elective operation for an ovarian tumor in pregnancy is between 14 to 18 weeks, as the chances of abortion are less and access to the pedicle is easy.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
|
8ee2d953-651d-41bb-88bd-ab49c3be399b
|
[{'content': "Addison's disease is related to: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Adrenal medulla, B. Adrenal cortex, C. Post pituitary, D. Parathyroid gland", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2017, Subject name: Pediatrics
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84ecb174-49df-4354-9212-518584a1828b
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[{'content': 'A child presented with Microcephaly, Hepatomegaly and periventricular calcification. Best site from where specimen should be obtained for diagnosis of CMV by PCR? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Urine, B. Blood, C. Liver biopsy, D. CSF', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Congenital CMV infection C/F - Microcephaly Intracranial periventricular calcifications Chorioretinitis SNHL The diagnosis of congenital CMV infection is best confirmed by isolation of the virus from urine.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
1d69bdb0-3afe-46ab-952d-0f58e1f87c7f
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[{'content': 'The force applied to cause root movement should be \nSelect and explain. \nA. Positive intermittent force, B. Torque or moment, C. Extra - oral, D. Gentle action', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Physiology
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888d0ff6-14ae-4f05-af6b-8e7060ba016f
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[{'content': 'Which of the following hormones is controlled by feedforward control? \nSelect and explain. \nA. ADH, B. Insulin, C. Coicosteroids, D. Prolactin', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans. A. ADHOsmolarity and volume status are the two greatest factors that affect ADH secretion.However, a variety of other factors promote ADH secretion as well.These include angiotensin II, pain, nausea, hypoglycemia, nicotine, opiates, and ceain medications.ADH secretion is also negatively affected by ethanol, alpha-adrenergic agonists, and atrial natriuretic peptide.Ethanol's inhibitory effect helps to explain the increased diuresis experienced during intoxicated states as well as increased free water loss; without appropriate ADH secretion, more water is excreted by the kidneys.", 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pharmacology
|
8aebb35f-a135-4080-8bbf-c7d50be725a0
|
[{'content': 'Which one of the following is penicillinase resistant penicillin: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Amoxycillin, B. Cloxacillin, C. Ampicillin, D. Penicillin G', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Forensic Medicine
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004aab8b-a6e3-408f-a255-6824b132d97c
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[{'content': 'IPC section dealing with illegal aboion with woman consent? \nSelect and explain. \nA. 310, B. 312, C. 313, D. 314', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: B \nExplanation: Answer- B. 312'Indian Penal Code (IPC) Sections 312 (causing miscarriage), 315 (act done with intent to prevent child being born alive or to cause to die after bih), 316 (causing death of quick unborn child by oct amount to culpable homicide) and Sections 3 and 4 of the Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) Act I971 for performing MTP without license and without taking medical advice.'", 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Microbiology
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3aab1eeb-6cbe-4fc3-b2de-5b459ab610f6
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[{'content': 'In a suspected patient of dengue, all of these are acceptable investigations at day 3 of presentation except: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Viral culture and isolation in C6/36 cell line, B. ELISA for antibody against dengue virus, C. NS I antigen detection, D. #NAME?', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans: B. ELISA for antibody against dengue virus(Ref Ananthanarayan 10/e p529, 8/e p519: Harrison 19/c 1)1319).ELISA in antibody detection against Dengue virus:Yields diagnostic results after 5 days (acute infection phase) for antibody detection against dengue virus.Other diagnosis methods:For mosquito inoculation/mosquito cell culture - Virus readily isolated from blood in acute phase.Laboratory tests for Dengue:Virus isolation within six days: Serum, plasma, autopsy tissueViral nucleic acid detection (-PCR assay).Diagnostic MethodTime to ResultsSpecimenTime of collection after onset of symptomsViral isolation & serotype identification1-2 weeksWhole blood, serum, tissues1-5 daysNucleic acid detection1 or 2 daysTissues, whole blood, serum, plasma1-5 daysdegAntigen detection1 daySerum1-6 daysdeg >1 dayTissue for immunochemistryNAIgM ELISA1-2 daysSerum, plasma, whole blood After 5 daysa', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Social & Preventive Medicine
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b8df6117-aaba-476a-b6b7-08ebee57de0e
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[{'content': 'Government initiative to improve the facilities in labour room in all govt hospitals is under \nSelect and explain. \nA. Ayushman Bharat Scheme, B. Laqshya, C. Newborn delivery room program, D. Janani suraksha yojana', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans.B. Laqshya'LaQshya' programme of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare aims at improving quality of care in labour room and maternity Operation Theatre (OT). Objective:To reduce maternal and newborn moality & morbidity due to APH, PPH, retained placenta, preterm, preeclampsia & eclampsia, obstructed labour, puerperal sepsis, newborn asphyxia, and sepsis, etc.To improve Quality of care during the delivery and immediate post-paum care, stabilization of complications and ensure timely referrals, and enable an effective two-way follow-up system.To enhance satisfaction of beneficiaries visiting the health facilities and provide Respectful Maternity Care (RMC) to all pregnant women attending the public health facility.", 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
55b01624-a67f-4680-b4df-f5f693a5ba90
|
[{'content': 'When length of a spring is doubled, the effect is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Doubled, B. Four times, C. Six times, D. Eight times', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Anaesthesia
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36837ddf-a7e2-4cec-9b52-17a8fca9ae9b
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[{'content': 'Effective strategies to decrease the risk of post puncture dural headache are all except: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Use of small bore needle, B. Use of atraumatic needle, C. Supplementation of fluids, D. Replacement of stylet prior to removal of needle', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Answer- D. Replacement of stylet prior to removal of needlePatient on antihypeensive medication is not a contraindication for neuraxial block.Neuraxial Block:Patients with platelet <80,000/ml: Relative contraindicatlonMarked coagulopathy, blood dyscrasias or full anticoagulant therapy: Absolute contraindicationMarked skin sepsis and marked spinal deformity: Absolute contraindication', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine
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5db315ce-ffe3-4f63-9071-d9168619ce60
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[{'content': 'Severe acidosis occurs during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The best method to counteract acidosis is to administer: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Glucose intravenously, B. Epinephrine intravenously, C. Epinephrine intramuscularly, D. Sodium bicarbonate intravenously', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2019, Subject name: Microbiology
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a6abadc2-5c2e-4dce-9cfa-1464b3be8c8d
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[{'content': 'Giemsa stained smear cannot detect \nSelect and explain. \nA. Coxiella burnetti, B. Baonella, C. Toxoplasmosis, D. E. Chaffnessis', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Giemsa stained smear can detect Baonella, tachyzoites of Toxoplasma Gondii, E.chaffnessis but not for CoxiellaBurnetti which causes Q fever but can be detected by serology.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
4e29b7d3-c58d-41ef-863f-70fddda43bc5
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[{'content': 'Separation through rubber ring or band takes \nSelect and explain. \nA. 2-3 days to 1 week, B. 1-2 days, C. 1-3 weeks, D. None of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
|
4aee5e25-9f51-4b6d-9950-0b6f19f7c9a0
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[{'content': 'Gardner syndrome does not include: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Osteomas, B. Epidermoid cysts, C. Osteosarcoma, D. Impacted permanent teeth', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics
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7f2895f8-0a13-45fc-bfd1-a3d5b7fbb121
|
[{'content': 'Pediatric patient presented with 45 mins h/o continuous convulsions.CASE 1: SR told to give iv lorazepam but J.R cant secured iv line. Then what he has given? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Rectal diazepam, B. Inhalation Phenobarbital, C. IV carbamazepine, D. Subcutaneous midazolam', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Answer A. Rectal diazepamBenzodiazepines are Drug of Choice and in pediatric patients rectal route should be preffered.Reference - <a href="', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Anatomy
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69b175c2-2d26-406c-bba9-54a26eeb2cbd
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[{'content': 'Bones are held by a long cord or sheet of dense fibrous connective tissue called: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Suture., B. Gomphosis., C. Synchondrosis., D. Syndesmosis.', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
1d1b01ba-06a9-42aa-8e96-a9537f014ac1
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[{'content': 'A thinner mix of a gypsum-bonded investment will: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Produce a smoother casting, B. Decrease setting expansion, C. Increase setting expansion, D. Increase thermal expansion', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: GYPSUM-BONDED INVESTMENTS\nThe α-hemihydrate form of gypsum is generally the binder for investments used in casting gold-containing alloys with melting ranges below 1000 °C. When this material is heated at temperatures sufficiently high to completely dehydrate the investment and to ensure complete castings, it shrinks considerably and occasionally fractures.\nA mixture of silica and calcinated gypsum powder (calcium sulfate hemihydrate, CaSO4• 1/2 H2O) results in setting expansion greater than that of the gypsum product used alone. The silica particles probably interfere with the intermeshing and interlocking of the crystals as they form. Thus, the thrust of the crystals is outward during growth, and they increase expansion.\nThinner mix of a gypsum-bonded investment will decrease setting expansion.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Skin
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6f78cdec-b48a-497c-bf8d-6b5b9b083ecf
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[{'content': 'A 45 years old male presents with itchy papules over face, neck and V area of chest for the last three years, which are exacerbated in summers and improved in winters. What test will you do to confirm diagnosis? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Patch test, B. Prick test, C. IgE levels, D. Skin biopsy', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans: A. Patch test(Ref: Rooks 8/e p26.93, Fitzpatrick 6/e p1451, 1309)The clinical picture mentioned above is suggestive of air-borne contact dermatitis, which is a type of allergic contact dermatitis.Most common source is Pahenium exposure and it leads to dermatitis involving the exposed pas, i.e. Face, upper neck, cubital and popliteal fossa.The only useful and reliable methodfir the diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis remains the patch test.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pharmacology
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60b9f4b0-f993-4236-9378-3c87762aefff
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[{'content': 'Metformin causes I severe, sometimes life-threatening side effect of lactic acidosis. All of the following factors increase the risk of lactic acidosis except: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Advanced age, B. Smoking, C. Liver dysfunction, D. Renal failure', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans: B. Smoking(Ref Goodman Gilman 12/e p1259; Katzung I 3/e p736-737, 12/e p75)Smoking does not increase lactic acidosis risk in patients taking metformin.Lactic acidosis & metformin:Metformin use in patients with concurrent conditions with poor tissue perfusion (sepsis, myocardial infarction, CHF & enal failure).Decreased GFR - Increases plasma metformin levels - By reducing drug clearance from circulation.Metformin - ContraindicationsSevere pulmonary disease.Decompensated hea failure.Severe liver diseaseChronic alcohol abuse.Renal disease.Conditions predisposing to tissue anoxia (e.g., chronic cardiopulmonary dysfunction) - Due to increased lactic acidosis risk.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine
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48428d91-80f8-46e2-8068-09ec761d5638
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[{'content': 'C wave in JVP due to \nSelect and explain. \nA. Atrial contraction, B. Atrial filling, C. Tricuspid bulging, D. Rapid ventricular filling', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
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8a9c6725-c18c-4273-90cb-43ae457e6465
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[{'content': 'Management of NaOCl accident are all except? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Over instrumentation of root canal to establish drainage, B. Cold packs followed by hot packs after 24 hrs, C. Antibiotics, D. Corticosteroids', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery
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338105fa-a46d-440e-8d92-a1cf4b8ff075
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[{'content': 'A patient is suffering from dehydration secondary to diarrhea. Which of the following intravenous agent is used in this case? \nSelect and explain. \nA. 10% glucose solution, B. Distilled water, C. 0.9% saline, D. 5% glucose solution', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Radiology
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e22b0ef5-df61-4475-b22b-30f2932f90fe
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[{'content': "Patient's cross infection with bite block of orthopantamograph machine is prevented by \nSelect and explain. \nA. Cover with autoclaved cloth with each use, B. Using disposable bite blocks, C. Clean with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite in each patient, D. Cover with impervious barrier", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Panoramic\xa0 and\xa0 cephalometric\xa0 equipment\xa0 should\xa0 receive\xa0 the same maintenance for decontamination and disinfection as other equipment. Panoramic bite-blocks, chin rest, and patient handgrips should be cleaned with detergent-iodine disinfectant and covered with a plastic bag. Disposable bite-blocks may be used. The head-positioning guides, control panel, and exposure switch should be carefully\xa0 wiped\xa0 with\xa0 a\xa0 paper\xa0 towel\xa0 that\xa0 is\xa0 well\xa0 moistened\xa0 with disinfectant.\nNote: disposable bite-blocks are the preferred method, although they may not be cost effective.\nOral radiology ; White and Pharaoh 7th edition page no: 256', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
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f6f50542-f6b4-4fa8-b073-d12597eb52f9
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[{'content': 'A 5-years old child was presented with proptosis. Microscopic examination of the mass revealed a round cell tumor positive for Desmin immunohistochemical marker. Most likely diagnosis is ? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Leukemia, B. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, C. Lymphoma, D. Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor (PNET)', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans. B. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcomaRef: Robbins & Cotran, lh ed., pg. 1220-1222ln the four options provided , all four show morphology of a round cell tumour.However Desmin positivity is seen only in cases of rhabdomyosarcoma.In Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, the tumor cells mimic skeletal muscle at various stages of embryogenesis and consist of sheets of both prirnitive round and spindled cells in a myxoid stroma.Immunohistochemistry for desmin and Myogenin confirm the rhabdomyoblastic differentiation.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2018, Subject name: ENT
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99f08890-7505-4062-9293-1f135de62e5c
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[{'content': 'A 16-year-old male complains of nasal obstruction and recurrent epistaxis for several months. On CT scan of Nose and Paranasal Sinuses, an enhancing mass is seen in the nasopharynx with minimal extension into sphenoid sinus and no lateral extension. What is the stage of this lesion? \nSelect and explain. \nA. IA, B. IB, C. IIA, D. IIB', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: B \nExplanation: Session's/ Radowski staging for Juvenile Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma Stage I Stage I a Limited to nasal cavity / nasopharynx Stage I b Extension into one or more sinuses. Stage II Stage II a Minimal extension into pterygopalatine fossa pterygomaxillary fissure. Stage II b Fills pterygomaxillary fossa, bowing the posterior wall of maxillary antrum anteriorly extending into the orbit the inferior orbital fissure without orbital erosion. Stage II c Infratemporal fossa extension without check or pterygoid plate involvement. Stage III Stage III a Erosion of skull base (middle cranial fossa or pterygoids) with minimal intracranial spread. Stage III b Erosion of skull base with intracranial extension with or without cavernous sinus involvement.", 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: ENT
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1a8b0cf7-f674-4339-ba6f-a664cb96178d
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[{'content': 'A case of carcinoma larynx with the involvement of anterior commissure and right vocal cord, developed perichondritis of thyroid cartilage. Which of the following statements is true for the management of this case - \nSelect and explain. \nA. He should be given radical radiotherapy as this can cure early tumors, B. He should be treated with combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, C. He should first receive radiotherapy and if residual tumor is present then should undergo laryngectomy, D. He should first undergo laryngectomy and then post-operative radiotherapy', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Perichondritis of thyroid cartilage in a patient of Ca larynx suggests invasion of thyroid cartilage i.e. stage T4.\nStage T4 lesions glottic cancer earlier were managed by total laryngectomy with neck dissection for clinically positive nodes and post operative radiotherapy if nodes are not palpable.\nThese days chemoradiation is preferred.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine
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4f2920dd-315c-4f5a-9208-80a4c443ceab
|
[{'content': 'A 50 years old lady, who has a known diagnosis of bronchial asthma, presented to the AIIMS emergency with complaints of severe breathlessness, diaphoresis and wheezing. On examination, you find that the patient is conscious with a respiratory rate of 30 per minute, blood pressure of 96/64 mm Hg and a pulse rate of 144 per minute. An aerial blood gas analysis showed a pH of 7.2, p02 of 50 mm Hg and pCO, of 70 mm Hg. How will you manage the patient? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Ventilation with continuous positive airway pressure, B. Oxygen supplementation by nasal mask, C. Mechanical ventilation with controlled ventilation, D. Intubation', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans: A. Ventilation with continuous positive airway pressure(Ref: Harrison 19/e p1731, 18/e p2200)The patient here has decreased and increased paO2 as well as paCO2.Hence the patient is type 2 respiratory failure, which can be seen in bronchial asthma patients.Best management strategy - Assisted ventilation with CPAP (Non-invasive ventilation) rather than controlled mandator), ventilation.Type II respiratory failure - Mains stay of therapy:Directed at reversing underlying cause(s) of ventilatory failure.Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation with a tight-lining facial or nasal mask, with avoidance of endotracheal intuhation, often stabilizes these patients.Mainly in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Check for hemodynamic instability, inability to protect the airway, respiratory arrest.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
71d1329f-d4fb-4daf-976a-68f2977c03d0
|
[{'content': 'Porosity present in a acrylic denture is usually the result of: \nSelect and explain. \nA. A prolonged curing cycle, B. Lack of sufficient pressure applied to flask, C. Insufficient acrylic resin monomer, D. Prolonged bench cooling after curing', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2018, Subject name: Pharmacology
|
59020852-ed4d-4f44-932b-98da5cd0f47b
|
[{'content': 'Major aim of phase 1 clinical trials is:- \nSelect and explain. \nA. Safety, B. Efficacy, C. Dose, D. Pharmacokinetics', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Phase 1 clinical trial : It is first phase in humans. It is conducted mainly on healthy volunteers. In drugs with serious adverse effects and where alternative treatment is not available, phase 1 can be conducted on patients also. Major aim is to know the maximum tolerable dose (MTD). The aim of phase 1 trials should be marked as MTD > Dose > Pharmacokinetics > Safety', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
17f75fe3-36a0-4b95-a931-8f5592684359
|
[{'content': 'Bennett angle is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. The angle between sagittal condylar path and Frank fort plane, B. The angle which the path of balancing side condyle makes with the sagittal plane during Lateral excursion, C. Measured by using a face bow, D. None of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Anatomy
|
2e268767-aa15-4fa6-9628-3f586ab729f9
|
[{'content': 'Couinaud classified liver into 8 segments,which structure differentiates the segments anatomically \nSelect and explain. \nA. Poal vein, B. Hepatic vein, C. Bile duct, D. Hepatic aery', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans. B. Hepatic veinThe Couinaud classification divides the liver into 8 functional segments.The hepatic veins are found at the periphery of each segment, whereas the center has branches of the poal veins, hepatic aeries, and bile ducts.The middle hepatic vein divides the liver into left and right lobes. The left hepatic vein divides the left lobe into lateral (2, 3) and medial (4a, 4b) segments. The right hepatic vein divides the right lobe into anterior (5, 8) and posterior (6, 7) segments. The caudate lobe (1) has hepatic veins that often drain directly into the IVC.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
a2f37579-2d74-4b22-9a96-69c25b573f31
|
[{'content': "'Care index' with respect to epidemiology of oral disease is \nSelect and explain. \nA. Ratio of filled teeth to total teeth with caries experience, B. Ratio of filled teeth to teeth present, C. No. of filled teeth per person, D. Ratio of denture users to non-denture users", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pharmacology
|
d9801e88-03ce-46a5-87fe-fa3d8b61fadf
|
[{'content': 'A morbidly obese diabetic woman was on failed metformin therapy. She has the history of pancreatitis and family history of bladder cancer. Patient does not want to take injections. Which of the following would be suitable to reduce her glucose levels? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Liraglutide, B. Sitagliptin, C. Canagliflozin, D. Pioglitazone', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Ans. C. Canagliflozin Canagliflozin is a Sodium-Glucose Co-Transpoer 2 Inhibitor, given orally and reduces body weight. For the given clinical scenario, Canagliflozin is the preferred drug, as Sitagliptin increases the risk of acute pancreatitis, use of pioglitazone is associated with a small increased risk of bladder cancer and Liraglutide is given subcutaneously.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
2a201b80-feba-4584-a0f2-723c6ab509e1
|
[{'content': 'Cavity varnish is used for: \nSelect and explain. \nA. To reduce thermal conductivity, B. To reduce the permeability of acid into dentinal tubules, C. Action as an obtundant, D. All of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
a115b765-ec7a-4e63-abac-50516a65b46a
|
[{'content': 'A patient shows gingival swelling in lower premolar region. Biopsy was taken and histopathological examination showed endothelium-lined vascular spaces and the extreme proliferation of fibroblasts and budding endothelial cells. What could this lesion be: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Pyogenic granuloma, B. Fibroma, C. Aneurysmal bone cyst, D. Traumatic bone cyst', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Clinically, pyogenic granuloma is a raised lesion on either a sessile or a pedunculated base. Its surface may have a smooth, lobulated, or, occasionally, warty appearance that is erythematous and often ulcerated. Depending on the age of the lesion, the texture varies from soft to firm and is suggestive of an ulcerated fibroma.\xa0\nBecause of the pronounced vascularity of these lesions, they often bleed easily when probed.\nHistologically, the pyogenic granuloma presents as a remarkable proliferation of plump fibroblasts and endothelial cells with the formation of prominent numbers of\xa0 thin-walled, endothelium-lined vascular channels. A polymorphous inflammatory cell infiltrate is present, and the overlying surface epithelium is often ulcerated. Treatment consists of surgical excision, with care being taken to completely remove any local irritant that may still be present that would predispose to recurrence of the lesion.\nReference: McDONALD AND AVERY’S DENTISTRY for the CHILD and ADOLESCENT, 10th ed page no 604,605', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Physiology
|
7c8d5c20-9868-406d-a987-2d8027acffa1
|
[{'content': 'Most common sign of airway obstruction \nSelect and explain. \nA. Slow pounding pulse, B. Strenuous breathing, C. Increase pulse rate, D. Decrease pulse rate', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pharmacology
|
5a032693-e7d9-4789-97a8-bd884b75c1b1
|
[{'content': 'GPCR that does not act through opening of potassium channels is? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Muscarinic M2 receptor, B. Dopamine D2 receptor, C. Serotonin 5 HT1 receptor, D. Angiotensin 1 receptor', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Ans. D. Angiotensin 1 receptor* Four G protein gated inwardly-rectifying potassium (GIRK) channel subunits have been identified in mammals: GIRK1, GIRK2, GIRK3, and GIRK4. The GIRK subunits come together to form GIRK ion channels.* Activation of the IKACh channels begins with release of acetylcholine (ACh) from the vagus nerve onto pacemaker cells in the hea.* ACh binds to the M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, which interact with G proteins.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Forensic Medicine
|
8db7e145-052a-4774-9a5f-db3c4e9ac1d6
|
[{'content': "After a building collapse, among remnants, a person's length of humerus is 24.5 cm. What is the predicted height of this person? \nSelect and explain. \nA. 90 cm, B. 110 cm, C. 130 cm, D. 146 cm", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Ans: C. 130 cm(Ref Parikh 6/e p2.75, 12.2).In general, humerus represents 20%, Tibia 22%, Femur 27% and Spine 34% of the stature.Multiplication factor for humerus is 5.31 for calculation of stature.In the question, length of femur is 24.5 cm.Hence, predicted height = 5.31x24.5 = 130 cm.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2019, Subject name: Medicine
|
25145d77-f953-43f3-b658-8471be181cc1
|
[{'content': 'A patient of CKD has presented with protracted vomiting. ABG shows pH = 7.40, pCO2 = 40 mm Hg, HCO3 = 25 mEq, Na=145 mEq/L, Chloride = 100 mEq/L, HCO3 = 24 mEq/L. What is the observation? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Normal anion gap metabolic acidosis, B. High anion gap metabolic acidosis, C. No acid base abnormality, D. High anion gap metabolic acidosis and metabolic alkalosis', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: AG(Anion Gap)= Na+ - (Cl- + HCO3-) = 145-124 = 21 meq Normal 8-10meq Rules out option a. - CKD is condition where patient experiences impaired ability to excrete H+ - Vomiting contributes to metabolic alkalosis - Two processes simultaneously occurring So answer is High anion gap metabolic acidosis and metabolic alkalosis.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2019, Subject name: Anaesthesia
|
92f4374d-b087-41de-a4d7-288565d77c38
|
[{'content': 'Purpose of giving Glycopyrrolate before GA \nSelect and explain. \nA. Decrease laryngeal secretions, B. Muscle relaxation, C. Prevents aspiration, D. Provides analgesia', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: A \nExplanation: Glycopyrolate in preanesthetic medication: Glycopyrolate unlike atropine and scopolamine, it is a quaternary ammonium compound, it doesn't crosses the blood brain barrier. It's role: To decrease salivary, tracheobronchial secretions. It can be use IV/IM It's anti-sialogue activity is best when given at 0.004mg/kg BW IM 30-60 minutes prior peak effects. Tachycardiac effects of glycopyrrolate are minimize when given IM. Decrease the gastric secretion and increases PH of gastric content. To counteract parasympathetic overdrive, dose: 0.1 IV, repeat every 3-5 minute. To counteract parasympathetic effect, atropine is preferred due to much faster onset.", 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Biochemistry
|
3af11fb3-6d3b-4542-9de0-5f4decd77160
|
[{'content': "what does not occur in 5'- 3'direction? \nSelect and explain. \nA. DNA repair, B. DNA replication, C. RNA editing, D. Transcription", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: C \nExplanation: Ans -C- RNA editingIn rna editing editosome can edit only in 3- 5 direction, along with primary rna transcript.DNA replication goes in the 5' to 3' direction because DNA polymerase acts on the 3'-OH of the existing strand for adding free nucleotides.In transcription the complementary RNA is created in the opposite direction, in the 5' - 3' direction, matching the sequence of the sense strand with the exception of switching uracil for thymine.When the strand containing the mis-match is identified, an endonuclease nicks the strand and the mis-matched nucleotide(s) is/are removed by an exonuclease.", 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
d0e62648-4f9f-497a-be1a-a6ee1295704c
|
[{'content': 'Highest level of evidence is seen in: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Case control studies, B. Meta-analysis, C. Cohort studies, D. Systematic review', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2019, Subject name: Medicine
|
c195d683-b268-4ae5-b96d-b50d870a2128
|
[{'content': 'Which of the following cannula is used in patient with severe dehydration and diarrhea? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Blue, B. Green, C. Grey, D. Pink', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Severe shock - 16G /Grey Pediatrics/ Geriatrin - 22g/blue Routine maintenance IVF/ Adult male Antibiotic / blood transfusion - 18g/ green Adult female antibiotic - 20g/pink', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2019, Subject name: Social & Preventive Medicine
|
8be0f11a-fb38-4996-95b7-b3fcf36de7c4
|
[{'content': "Which of the following diseases is NOT transmitted by it? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Kala Azar, B. Chandipura encephalitis, C. Babesiosis, D. Carrion's Disease", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: C \nExplanation: The image is of SANDFLY, identifiable by the long, slender legs, lanceolate wings, branching of the second longitudinal vein, densely hairy antennae, legs, body and wings. Diseases transmitted: Kala Azar Sandfly fever Oriental sore Oroya fever Carrion's disease Chandipura virus Babesiosis is transmitted by the Hard Tick.", 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery
|
f860085a-f00e-4031-9d00-0bb4879c3023
|
[{'content': 'All of the following statements of nasal fractures are true except: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Even if minor, they may be followed by bilateral ecchymosis and facial oedema, B. They may need to be reduced for a few weeks, C. They need not be complicated by traumatic telecanthus, D. They may lead to the telescoping of the nasal complex into the frontal sinus', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
91ac8f32-ec91-4fd0-add3-a3bcb980a6a6
|
[{'content': 'Etchant preferred in gel form than in liquid form: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Better control over placement, B. Enhance and concentrate the action of acid, C. Helps in visualization while placement, D. None of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Generally, the etchant is supplied as an aqueous gel to allow precise placement over a specific area. These gels are often made by adding colloidal silica (the same fine particles used in microfilled composites) or polymer beads to the acid. Brushes are used to place the acidic gel, or the acid may be supplied in a disposable syringe from which it can be expressed onto enamel and dentin.\xa0\nDuring placement, it is important to be aware of the risk for air bubbles that may be introduced at the interface. Regions with air pockets will not be etched.\nReference: PHILLIPS’ SCIENCE OF DENTAL MATERIALS, 12th ed page no 262', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2018, Subject name: Microbiology
|
138f2721-a8f6-4456-a302-e63411415f00
|
[{'content': 'A known HIV patient on anti - retroviral therapy presented with diarrhea of six months duration. Stoll microscopy was done in which 10-30 micrometer cysts were seen, Kinyoun stain was positive. What is the most likely diagnosis? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Cystoisospora, B. Cryptosporidium, C. Balantidium coli, D. Strongyloides', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: The identification of the parasite is based on the size of oocyst since the size of oocyst is 20 to 30 Micron the most likely parasite is Isospora. If the size was 4-8 micron the parasite would have been Cryptosporidium parvum.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2018, Subject name: Pediatrics
|
f70b9c50-597e-40e1-94ea-ecf1ddc146aa
|
[{'content': 'How long should a child be isolated after being diagnosed with bacterial meningitis to prevent fuher transmission? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Till 24 hours after staing antibiotics, B. Till cultures become negative, C. Till antibiotics course is complete, D. Till 12 hrs after admission', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: - CSF becomes sterile within 24 of initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy. - Hence, child should be isolated for 24 hrs after staing antibiotics to prevent fuher transmission.', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
|
ec54fbf2-f596-4d2a-a9cd-1cf104d7893a
|
[{'content': 'On stretching the cheek the lesion disappears in: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Leukoplakia, B. Focal hyperkeratosis, C. Leukoedema, D. Typhoid', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
d916bea5-7572-4f56-ac3f-96877ed5f7af
|
[{'content': 'Extra palatal root when present on mesial side its known as \nSelect and explain. \nA. Radix mesiopalatalis, B. Radix mesialis, C. Radix mesiolingualis, D. None of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery
|
358a3866-8fc2-405e-b7e6-383904748d15
|
[{'content': "A 56-year-old female presents with nocturnal pain in the right thumb, index and middle finger for the past 3 months. All of the following provocative tests can be performed for the diagnosis of the condition except : \nSelect and explain. \nA. Phalen's test, B. Finkelstein test, C. Tinel's sign, D. Tourniquet test", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans. b. Finkelstein test (Ref. Maheshwuri 3/eNocturnal pain in the right thumb, index and middle finger for the past 3 months in a 56-year old female is highly suggestive of Carpal tunnel syndrome. Finkelstein test is used to diagnose DeQuervain's tenosynovitis, not the carpal tunnel syndrome.", 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pharmacology
|
594d2b69-4fb8-4ae5-a4e6-c8f6597a1922
|
[{'content': 'Which of the following drug is contraindicated in pregnancy? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Enalapril, B. Amlodipine, C. b-blockers, D. Propylthiouracil', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
d4c25e5f-165a-4a64-a006-77ecc0ff93b6
|
[{'content': 'Interglobular dentin \nSelect and explain. \nA. Has less mineral content, B. Shows PAS reaction, C. Both, D. None', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Gynaecology & Obstetrics
|
1ea823e8-1b70-4820-96e1-c46d5fd23885
|
[{'content': 'All of the following indicate superimposed pre-eclampsia in a pregnant female of chronic hypeension except: (Asked twice) \nSelect and explain. \nA. New onset proteinuria, B. Platelet count < 75,000, C. Increase in systolic BP by 30 mm Hg and diastolic by 15 mm Hg, D. Fresh retinal hypeensive changes', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Answer- C. Increase in systolic BP by 30 mm Hg and diastolic by 15 mm HgSevere range BP despite escalation of antihypeensive therapy, Thrombocytopenia (Platelet count<1,00,000/mL)Elevated liver transaminases (two times the upper limit of normal concentration for paicular laboratory)New onset and worsening renal insufficiencyPulmonary edema.Persistent cerebral or visual disturbances', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
a48f8ece-9420-439a-8ff9-19093ec0c03f
|
[{'content': 'Basic fear of a 2-year-old child during his first visit to\nthe dentist is related to \nSelect and explain. \nA. Fear of an injection, B. Fear of separation from parent, C. Fear of dental instruments, D. Not understanding the reason for dental treatment', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
|
dbf75aad-9f19-4edb-9fba-6245c880b59c
|
[{'content': 'Which of the following show chemical bond with enamel: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Composites, B. Direct filling resins, C. Polycarboxylate cements, D. BIS-GMA resins in pit and fissure sealants', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}]
|
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