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http://www.bostonglobe.com/arts/movies/2015/04/23/some-big-problems-for-little-boy/ean0xBKc4AGrfA0qoB9aAJ/story.html
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150428010646id_/http://www.bostonglobe.com:80/arts/movies/2015/04/23/some-big-problems-for-little-boy/ean0xBKc4AGrfA0qoB9aAJ/story.html
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Some big problems for ‘Little Boy’
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20150428010646
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“Little Boy” is 7-year-old Pepper Busbee (Jakob Salvati), so-called by the bullies in his 1940s hometown of the fictional O’Hare, Calif., because he can’t seem to grow any taller than 39 inches. Those familiar with some of the code names employed during World War II might recall another “Little Boy” (as in the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima) and hope that writer-director Alejandro Monteverde doesn’t mean to make the same connection. But “Little Boy” the film is so bizarre, contrived, manipulative, and meretricious that anything is possible.
Pepper’s only friend is his dad James (Michael Rappaport), who tries to buck up the boy’s spirits by lending him a comic book about a magician who can do anything. Their mantra becomes “Do you believe you can do it?” followed by “Yes I can!” as they engage in heroic fantasies. This platitude is invoked sooner and more often than in most movies that lazily adopt it for a theme.
One thing that father and son can’t do anything about is Pearl Harbor. Pepper’s older brother London is eager to join up and kill the Japanese, but is rejected because of his flat feet. For some reason, and I don’t think this is historically accurate, the Busbee family has to offer up one male of fighting age to the cause, so dad has to go. This dubious plot device, along with various anachronisms (“not on my watch!”) indicate that Monteverde might not have been very scrupulous in his research. Instead, this is an ersatz version of the ’40s based on other movies’ ersatz versions, a Candyland-colored world seen from a child’s point of view if that child was a 30-ish filmmaker.
The story takes some dark turns, or perhaps these are just moments of narrative confusion. The bullies include Hashimoto (Cary Tagawa) as one of their victims. He’s a Japanese loner whose only friend is Father Oliver (well-played by Tom Wilkinson). It also includes some surreally ill-conceived parallel editing sequences, such as when Pepper’s pursuit and cornering by bullies is intercut with his dad’s patrol getting cut to pieces in an ambush.
In one of at least three visits to the Busbee’s home by an Army officer bearing ominous news — this is a film that believes that if a manipulative cliche works once, or even if it doesn’t, why not use it repeatedly? — the family learns that dad is MIA. Pepper first turns to hate, targeting Hashimoto, then to faith, combining his belief in the power of magic with Father Oliver’s check-list of good deeds in hopes of bringing his father home.
The fact that achieving this might involves killing lots of people gets only perfunctory attention. But it does result in one of the film’s most effective scenes, one that suggests that Monteverde might become a filmmaker of some stature once he grows up.
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“Little Boy” review: In a small town during World War II the runty seven-year-old of the title employs faith and magic to bring his father back from the war.
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http://fortune.com/2015/04/25/clara-shih-starting-your-own-business/
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150428152718id_/http://fortune.com:80/2015/04/25/clara-shih-starting-your-own-business/
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How much would you sacrifice to start your own business?
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20150428152718
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The Leadership Insider network is an online community where the most thoughtful and influential people in business contribute answers to timely questions about careers and leadership. Today’s answer to the question “What advice would you give someone looking to start their own business?” is by Clara Shih, founder and CEO of Hearsay Social.
In Silicon Valley (where I live) it can feel like anyone with an idea these days is starting a company. But building a business requires far more than an idea. It requires blood, sweat, and tears to the point of obsession. There is in fact nothing easy about being an entrepreneur. Leaving Salesforce.com five years ago to found Hearsay Social was one of the hardest but best decisions I’ve ever made. It took every ounce of courage and conviction to make the leap from a comfortable job at a big company to a completely blank slate. And I have never looked back.
For those of you ready to take the plunge, I assure you there are few things in life as rewarding. Here are a few of the most important lessons I have picked up along the way:
Be ready for sacrifice When startups succeed, they do so against all odds. In the beginning, you have nothing except for your own talents and resources. By definition, everyone else is bigger, further along, and more established than you. To win, you have to swim upstream early on–and that requires hard work and long hours. There are no shortcuts.
Our first year in particular was marked by long days and nights that often blurred together. We pulled all-nighters in my living room, and then when we got our first office, we would go home at three in the morning or often just spend the night. There were no sick days or vacations. I regret missing my friends’ birthdays during this time. I stopped socializing altogether except with coworkers. I also had to get comfortable and adapt quickly to not having a salary for an indefinite amount of time. The specific areas of sacrifice are different for each entrepreneur, but there is always sacrifice of one form or another. Success requires focus, and focus is about tradeoffs.
Choose your partners wisely The ability to evaluate, attract, and build strong working relationships with cofounder(s), early employees, and investors often means the difference between success and failure. I was incredibly fortunate to co-found Hearsay Social with longtime friend and Stanford classmate, Steve Garrity. As first-time entrepreneurs, it helped tremendously to bounce ideas and talk through big decisions and differing perspectives with one another. Our decade-long friendship provided a foundation of trust for us to debate as well as reassure one another through the inevitable emotional roller coaster that is part of every startup journey.
Your key early hires will help determine the fate of your business, too. Hearsay’s first employee, has played multiple roles within the company and recently moved to London to start and head Hearsay Social Europe. Another early employee, started as a customer success manager, later ran our customer success department, and a few months ago moved to Hong Kong to launch our Asia office. The founding team and early employees establish the company culture. At Hearsay, we decided early on that we would value three things above all else: 1) long-term customer success, 2) teamwork and 3) getting stuff done. Since our founding, we have hired and promoted based on these values, which makes them self-reinforcing. The need for strong partners and employees persists throughout the life of a company, but it is especially important in the beginning.
Obsess over your customer Many companies talk about customer success, but how many actually put the customer first above all else, always? One of Hearsay’s proudest moments happened earlier this year, when a customer of ours—the CEO of a Fortune 100 company–spoke at our January kickoff event and said he views Hearsay as a partner, not a vendor. At this company, the CEO and general managers–rather than the procurement department–own the relationship with Hearsay. It is a true partnership and crucial to our success. This level of trust was not easy to achieve, and is something we must re-earn every day.
In practice, enabling customer success has also evolved significantly since our founding days. Early on, customer success at Hearsay meant customers having my personal cell phone number. It meant pulling all-nighters to fix a bug in the code and other hero moves. Today, we have a global customer support team with a 1-800 number (thankfully!) and quality assurance and site reliability teams. From Nordstrom and Zappos to Apple and Zendesk, a focus on doing right by the customer and delighting her or him is what every successful company has in common. Obsess over your customer or would-be customer from the very beginning, and the rest will work itself out.
Read all answers to the Leadership Insider question: What advice would you give someone looking to start their own business?
4 secrets behind a successful startup by Veenu Aishwarya, CEO of AUM LifeTech.
How this startup failed (twice) and still found success by Kevin Chou, co-founder and CEO of Kabam.
Are you resilient enough to start your own business? by Ryan Harwood, CEO of PureWow.
The most important lesson I learned as a tech CEO by Kyle Wong, CEO of Pixlee.
How to avoid a startup failure by Jim Yu, CEO and co-founder of BrightEdge.
3 things to consider before starting your own business by Sunil Rajaraman, co-founder of Scripted.com.
4 ways to persuade people to join your startup by Nir Polak, CEO and co-founder of Exabeam.
GoDaddy CEO’s 5 tips for aspiring entrepreneurs by Blake Irving, CEO of GoDaddy.
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Becoming an entrepreneur was the hardest (and best) decision of my life.
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http://fortune.com/2015/04/28/9-surprising-career-tips-you-need-asap/
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150430194940id_/http://fortune.com:80/2015/04/28/9-surprising-career-tips-you-need-asap/
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9 surprising career tips you need ASAP
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20150430194940
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The following originally appeared in WhoWhatWear.com
When it comes to career advice, sometimes it seems like we’ve heard it all: Ask the right questions at the end of an interview, fine-tune your social media presence, and so on. But every now and then, we’re lucky enough to run into a piece of advice that’s totally fresh, and that has the potential to change the whole game.
Today, we’re talking about those kinds of tips—less talked-about wisdom nuggets that might at first seem unconventional, but which actually hold the potential to be more helpful than the hackneyed advice we’re all so used to hearing again and again. (Of course, shopping for a major workplace outfit upgrade can’t hurt either.)
Confidence can be a bad thing
There is such a thing as too much of a good thing. When Fast Company asked readers to share their worst interview experiences (as both interviewer and interviewee), one person wrote in, “I interviewed a lady for a job who must have been really confident in her skills and her desirability for the position. She impatiently listened to the description of the job and what we were looking for, then interrupted me and basically laid out what she would and wouldn’t do, what hours she would work, when she would leave early to pick up her kids, and how much money she expected. I thanked her and dropped her resume in the Shred-It bin when she left.” Yikes!
Getting fired can be a good thing
After her now-infamous firing from The New York Times, former managing editor Jill Abramson advised young women not to let a firing completely ruin them.
“Own getting fired,” she said after the incident. “I don’t think young women—it’s hard, I know—they should not feel stigmatized if they are fired. Especially in this economy, people are fired right and left for arbitrary reasons, and there are sometimes forces beyond your control.”
No days off — seriously
Using your days off to further educate yourself about your industry can end up being a tremendously valuable career move. John Idol, now the CEO of Michael Kors, recently spoke on a panel at a luxury retail summit in New York, and shared a personal story about how he used his time off to get ahead.
“I used to spend my weekends going to stores to learn what I wasn’t being taught at my company,” Idol said. “Yes, millennials, that means your Saturdays and Sundays.”
Networking can be a one-on-one exchange
Perhaps you’re struggling with progressing in your career because you’re more introverted and shy—but success doesn’t always mean knowing how to work a room. Jess Lee, the CEO and co-founder of retail aggregator Polyvore, says that networking can also be successfully achieved in smaller settings.
“I’ll have a lot of one-on-one conversations, because I’m more comfortable in [that] setting,” she explains. “Conference or dinner party or networking event can be an introvert’s worst nightmare. Look for the other introverts in the room. Who are the wallflowers? Go talk to them. Or find the social butterfly who loves introducing people to other people, the connector type. They’ll help make a lot of the introductions so you don’t have to break the ice. Networking is part of my job but one of the parts I’m the least comfortable with.”
You don’t need an advanced degree
Your family or other outside pressures might be hammering it home that you need to get an advanced degree in order to achieve success—whether it’s a law degree, a doctorate, a masters, and so on. But it’s simply not true; many of the world’s most successful people don’t have a bunch of letters after their names.
“I grew up in a Jewish family on Long Island, and there was pressure to become a lawyer or a doctor,” said Philip Goldfarb, now the chief operating officer of the luxurious Fountainebleau Resort in Miami Beach. “After working at a resort, I realized that the managing director had it all: style, authority, charisma, and charm, all while making the job seem fun.”
You can’t wait until you receive an offer to give references
If a potential employer asks for references super early on in the interview process, you should consider that a red flag; the references are usually the last step before you get hired—sometimes, providing references might even come after you get an offer, as a formality with HR to assure you’re legally ready to work for them.
The New York Post tells of one woman who, against her own instincts, provided a potential employer with her current employer’s contact information as a reference early on in the interview process. She soon received a call from her current employer, asking if she was seeking employment elsehwere.
Some career writers suggest a couple different tactics when it comes to references.
“Say, ‘Why would you need that?’ or ‘Should we get to an offer, I will provide references,’” writer Tony Beshara advises. “Breaking trust is a huge red flag. Any company that would do that when you’re a candidate will do much worse if you’re an employee.”
Don’t assume everyone is on your side
While it’s not a great habit to distrust everyone in your workplace, it can also be detrimental to trust them too much. The Internet is filled with no shortage of horror stories about how people have been conned and manipulated by their co-workers.
The best way to approach the people you work with: Simply be inquisitive. Don’t take anything they say at face value, but don’t assume they’re trying to manipulate you either. Weigh all your options carefully, keeping your own best interests always in mind first.
Don’t dress like your colleagues
If you’re starting a new job, one of the first things you are likely to notice is how everyone else in the workplace dresses; and your gut instinct might be to follow suit. But blending in might not be the best idea.
Valerie Grillo, the chief diversity officer at American Express, advises against falling into line, arguing that your authnetic expression of yourself is part of what makes you valuable.
“When I first started managing people at a big company, I had a career coach tell me to straighten my hair, wear more corporate-y suits, and not stand out so much,” she told Bloomberg. “As a Latina, I may be a minority in the corporate world, but I’ve since learned that authenticity makes you valuable.”
Treat your current job as a promotion
If you really want that promotion, it’s time to start acting like it already happened, according to Yahoo! CEO Marissa Mayer.
“Most people think of a career trajectory as a sloping line. Really, it’s a step function,” Mayer told Fortune magazine. “When you’re ready to take the next step or take on more responsibility, you should start doing your job at the next level.”
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Confidence could be a bad thing, but getting fired could be good for your career.
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http://abcnews.go.com/2020/video/gina-dejesus-amanda-berry-forgive-castro-30634568
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150501193630id_/http://abcnews.go.com:80/2020/video/gina-dejesus-amanda-berry-forgive-castro-30634568
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Gina DeJesus, Amanda Berry on Whether They Forgive Castro
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20150501193630
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Two Cleveland kidnapping survivors spoke to Robin Roberts in an exclusive interview to air April 28 at 10 p.m. on ABC.
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http://abcnews.go.com/2020/video/gina-dejesus-ariel-castros-prisoner-30662515
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150502012917id_/http://abcnews.go.com:80/2020/video/gina-dejesus-ariel-castros-prisoner-30662515
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20150502012917
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Castro allowed the girls to meet for the first time while watching "America's Most Wanted."
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http://fortune.com/2015/04/30/airlines-summer-europe-fares/
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150502171330id_/http://fortune.com:80/2015/04/30/airlines-summer-europe-fares/
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Little competition, lax rules allow airlines to jack up summer fares
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20150502171330
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If jet fuel prices have plummeted 40% since last fall, why are summer airfares to Europe so high?
As millions of Americans plan their European summer vacations, that’s a timely question. New analysis from Hopper.com, an airfare search site, suggests an unexpected answer: There’s practically no competition.
Hopper analyzed prices on transatlantic tickets between the U.S. to Europe exclusively for Fortune, and estimates that decreased competition costs consumers an average of $65 on a round-trip ticket, and up to $200 on some popular routes.
Hopper blames large airline alliances that provide government antitrust immunity for the inflated prices.
“Limited access to landing slots and legally-sanctioned price collusion between alliance carriers are two obvious contributing factors to the higher prices,” says Patrick Surry, Hopper’s chief data scientist.
A bargain roundtrip ticket to Europe costs about $1,000 this summer, which is sky-high compared with other long-haul routes. For example, a good fare from the US to Japan is $943, down more than 25% from last summer. Ditto for flights from the U.S. to the China ($905) which are down about 20% from last summer.
On first glance, the transatlantic routes may look competitive. There are 172 air carriers servicing transatlantic routes, according to Hopper. And fares are down about 10% from last summer. But look closer: the 27 carriers belonging to the three main carrier alliances (SkyTeam, Star Alliance, OneWorld) operated over 85% of those flights.
It gets worse. The average US-Europe route is served by 7 carriers, but if you consider each alliance as a single carrier, the average number of carriers per route falls below 4. The average share for the largest carrier on these routes is 57%, but it rises to 79% you combine alliance carriers.
That kind of collusion should be illegal, but the Department of Transportation allows certain carrier alliances to coordinate prices on overlapping routes. The government knows this is a problem, but hasn’t done anything about it — yet.
The conclusion is inescapable: On European routes, competition is almost nonexistent.
“Airlines do not appear interested in winning market share by competing on price, product or service,” says Kevin Mitchell, chairman of the Business Travel Coalition, an advocacy group for corporate travelers.
Instead, airlines are cutting flights to Europe to keep prices high, he says. That may be why prices eased by a few percentage points, instead of the 20 to 25% on some long-haul routes.
“This is bad news for consumers,” he adds. “They are paying higher fares and fees, and airlines have zero incentive to reduce fuel surcharges even as fuel prices have plummeted.”
The government could take steps to increase competition by undoing these alliances, which would lower fares, say experts. A good first step might be approving Norwegian Air International’s application to serve the U.S., which has been blocked by American air carriers and a coalition of powerful labor unions. The approval process should have taken six weeks, but it’s been tied up for 14 months.
“Every day that goes by without approval, American consumers are harmed because a hungry and able new entrant’s capacity and willingness to contest the market is being blocked,” says Mitchell.
Fares to Europe can come back to Earth, but only if airlines can really compete with each other.
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New analysis finds "limited access to landing slots and legally-sanctioned price collusion between alliance carriers" are enabling airlines to jack up summer fares to Europe.
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http://fortune.com/2015/04/30/weak-gdp-data-send-dollar-back-to-a-two-month-low/
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150502174550id_/http://fortune.com:80/2015/04/30/weak-gdp-data-send-dollar-back-to-a-two-month-low/
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Weak GDP data send dollar back to a two-month low
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20150502174550
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The dollar is at its lowest level against major world currencies in over two months Thursday after disappointingly weak growth data for the first quarter forced the world into a more sober assessment of the outlook for the economy.
Figures Wednesday showing that gross domestic product grew by only 0.2% in the first quarter were just the latest in a slew of data suggesting that the recovery has weakened in recent months, and have led markets to push back their expectations for the Federal Reserve’s first hike in interest rates since the financial crisis. (Interestingly, the Fed didn’t appear to share that opinion, saying that the slowdown was due largely to “transitory factors” and insisting that a moderate recovery would continue.)
The euro hit an eight-week high of $1.1248 early Monday after reports suggesting that Greece and the rest of the Eurozone are edging closer to an agreement on keeping the debt-laden country afloat for another couple of months. It got another boost from fresh research by the European Central Bank suggesting that the Eurozone’s brush with deflation is over. In a bulletin, the ECB noted that the market’s expectations of medium-term inflation five years into the future had bottomed in January and clearly bounced since it announced its program of quantitative easing. Eurostat said meanwhile that the annual rate of inflation probably ticked up to 0% from -0.1% in April.
There was more good news for the euro elsewhere: the German economy continued to create jobs in April, and Spain, the biggest of the currency union’s bailout recipients in the wake of the crisis, reported its economy grew a thumping 0.9% in the first quarter. That’s the fastest rate in over seven years.
Those data follow figures Wednesday from the ECB showing the fastest rate of credit growth in three years, notably in countries such as Italy and Spain which have been starved of credit since the crisis.
Faster growth (along with the discouraging example set by its sister party Syriza in Greece) is now starting to eat into support for the radical anti-establishment Podemos party, which many had earlier tipped to take power in elections later this year.
Weighing against that were an unexpected rise in joblessness in Italy, the region’s third-largest economy, and a shock decline in consumer spending in France.
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Euro gets boost as the ECB suggests the deflation scare is over.
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http://fortune.com/2015/04/30/apple-ibm-japan-post/
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150502181247id_/http://fortune.com:80/2015/04/30/apple-ibm-japan-post/
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Apple, IBM want to address world's aging population. First stop? Japan
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20150502181247
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It’s hard to believe that a sign with “Apple + IBM” on it once verged on sacrilegious, but it’s becoming an increasingly common sight as two technology titans realize it’s better to be friends than enemies.
IBM IBM CEO Ginni Rometty and Apple AAPL CEO Tim Cook stood on stage together this morning at IBM’s Watson headquarters in New York City to announce a new partnership with Japan Post Group that aims to, ultimately, address the enormous accessibility challenges facing the world’s growing population over age 65.
Rometty and Cook silently flanked Japan Post Group president and CEO Taizo Nishimuro, himself nearly 80 years old, as he spoke for more than 20 uninterrupted minutes about Japan’s rapidly aging population and how IBM’s apps and services, and Apple’s iPads and iPhones, would help better connect the country’s senior citizens to society.
“Japan is home to the fastest-aging society in the world,” Nishimuro said, gingerly and in halting English. Thirty-three million people—about 25% of Japan’s total population—are age 65 or older, he said. That’s going to increase to 40% in coming years.
Meanwhile, Japan Post Group—a postal service, a bank, a life-insurance provider—is moving toward what some believe will be the world’s largest IPO, larger than Chinese e-commerce darling Alibaba BABA . It’s all a part of prime minister Shinzō Abe’s economic plan, known as Abenomics, Nishimuro said.
“I gave myself a mission,” he said. “Transform Japan Post Group into an integrated lifestyle support company.”
As Nishimuro spoke, Cook, to his right, looked on with a twinkle in his eye and an admiring smile that blossomed into a full grin when Nishimuro mentioned the words “iPhone” and “iPad.” Rometty, to his left, nodded and smiled every few lines.
The initiative breaks down into several parts. Apple will supply its iPad, whose operating system, iOS, already has a wealth of built-in accessibility features including settings for people with impaired vision or hearing, such as large type or dictation. IBM will custom-build applications through its Global Business Services group—its leader, Bridget van Kralingen, introduced the trio—that will include reminders or alerts about medications, exercise, and diet; as well as services for grocery shopping and job matching. All of them will run on IBM’s MobileFirst for iOS cloud computing service, and Big Blue will layer in its own analytics, accessibility, and natural language technologies. Finally, IBM will train Japan Post employees to help them help the elderly.
The executives spoke a great deal about helping Japan Post cover “the last mile” to reach the 115 million adult citizens in Japan—it has 24,000 post offices and 400,000 employees—and taking eventual success to the rest of the nations of the world, which aren’t far behind. (In the U.S. alone, 10,000 people turn 65 every day.)
“Today is about reimaginging life for what is the largest generation in human history—seniors,” Rometty, 57, said.
It’s a big push for Apple and IBM. Their first partnership, announced almost eight months ago and aimed at “reimagining work in the enterprise,” now spans 11 industries and 22 apps. “At our heart we’re a solutions company that’s underpinned by these new technologies,” Rometty said.
Cook, 54, took great pains to underscore how the partnership would improve people’s quality of life. “For someone that has been a long-time studier and admirer of the Japanese culture, there is no surprise that, in a culture that respects the elderly and the wisdom of the elderly, this will start in Japan,” he said.
Cook mentioned Apple’s HealthKit and ResearchKit efforts as well as the health and fitness services available on the company’s new Watch. He also recalled what made the iPad such an initial success: its simple, intuitive interface. “For children, an iPad is often their very first device,” Cook said. Add assistive features to the mix and you can “help people who are marginalized in some way and empower them,” he added. “We think this kind of independence is key.”
“This isn’t about getting excited about improving the cost curve,” Cook said, raising his voice. “It’s about improving quality of life.”
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Apple CEO Tim Cook and IBM CEO Ginni Rometty partner for the second time in less than a year to help Japan Post address its home country's growing population of senior citizens.
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http://fortune.com/2015/05/01/how-tech-can-stop-the-looming-food-crisis/
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150502183920id_/http://fortune.com:80/2015/05/01/how-tech-can-stop-the-looming-food-crisis/
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How tech can stop the looming food crisis
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20150502183920
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The world’s population is expected to increase from 7 billion today to 9 or 10 billion by the end of the century, according to the United Nations. We also can expect more pressure on the food supply as people in the developing world adopt middle class lifestyles, which usually involve eating more meat. To satisfy global demand, we will need to roughly double today’s output, which means getting smarter about how we produce and manage food.
The good news is that innovation is coming to the farm. Advanced information technology, improved communications systems, robotics, drones, and other new technologies have the potential to boost agricultural yields and reduce waste while tempering environmental degradation.
In the past, the world fed a growing population largely by cultivating undeveloped land and increasing agricultural inputs, including fertilizer and water. These are not very good options today. Clearing more land for agriculture now often means destroying rainforests and other valuable natural areas. Adding inputs makes sense in some poorer countries, where fertilizer and other resources are underutilized, but in most parts of the world, this strategy will mean heavier nutrient loads in waterways, depleted water supplies, and higher greenhouse gas emissions. Genetically modified crops have helped to boost production in recent years, but it appears that this strategy too may have limits – certainly political and possibly biological.
If our best chance of escaping a future food crisis is innovation, then an obvious place to look for solutions is food waste. No one knows for certain how much food the world wastes, but it seems that somewhere between 30% to 50% of the food we grow around the world goes uneatened. Waste occurs at almost every point in the chain—from farm to truck to warehouse to grocer to restaurant to household kitchen.
On farms in many parts of the world, food spoils because cold storage and transport are inadequate or non-existent. An obvious answer would be to install refrigeration in more farms, trucks, and warehouses, but this can be very costly. Another more economical approach is to equip farmers with better information and communications tools—smartphones are an obvious choice—so that farmers have information about markets at their fingertips and can better plan their harvests and distribution.
At the other end of the supply chain, retailers often find themselves with food that is bruised or otherwise unattractive but still edible. New IT and communications devices could help to connect this food with people who could use it. A pair of MIT Sloan students recently launched Spoiler Alert, a website, smartphone app and online marketplace that finds good uses for spoiled, expiring, and excess food.
Spoiler Alert and similar approaches enable food banks and other poverty-focused organizations to find out about these products and claim them. And if food truly is unfit for human consumption, it can be directed to places that want it for animal feed, fermentation, or biofuels. This year’s MIT Sustainability Summit, on the theme of Farming, Food, and the Future, focused on these “circular economy” approaches to food system strains.
Another way that innovation helps on the farm is in managing agricultural inputs. For the past dozen years or so, farmers have used tractors equipped with GPS and computers to collect data on how much fertilizer, water, and seeds are delivered where. The next generation of devices and systems includes robots that can move along rows of crops and identify where inputs are needed. Drones can gather similar information through high-resolution thermal and visual imagery.
These and other innovations will make agriculture more precise, which will increase yields and reduce inputs. But like earlier agricultural revolutions, this one too will find its limits. For agriculture to be truly sustainable, we will need to take a hard look at deeply ingrained attitudes and behaviors. For example, might Americans re-think a diet that includes meat twice a day every day? As wondrous as innovations in agriculture may prove to be, there are cultural challenges they will not be able to overcome.
Jason Jay is Senior Lecturer and Director of the Sustainability Initiative at the MIT Sloan School of Management.
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Start by developing technologies that reduce all the wasted food out there.
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http://www.people.com/article/married-at-first-sight-jamie-otis-last-name-hehner
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Married at First Sight's Jamie Otis Takes Doug Hehner's Last Name : People.com
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20150503011330
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Doug Hehner and Jamie Otis
05/01/2015 AT 11:55 PM EDT
Officially introducing Mr. and Mrs. Hehner!
on March 23, and after a proposal, vow renewal and new rings,
's Jamie Otis has officially taken husband Doug Hehner's last name.
"Not every woman wants to do that," Jamie, who appears on the spinoff
with Doug, told PEOPLE Thursday. "I've never known who my father is. My last name is my little sister's father's. I've always been like, 'I can't wait to get married and change my last name.' Also, when we have kids, I would love to [all] have the same last name."
The change was a "final sign of commitment" for the newlywed, who wed her husband on the first season of the social experiment show, in which couples meet as they walk down the aisle.
"In this little tiny box, I had this paper from the security office saying, 'Jamie Nicole Hehner,' " she says of revealing her name change to Doug on their first anniversary. "At the very end of all the gifts, I handed it to him and said, 'I have this one last gift. He cried. I cried.' "
in a ceremony shot for the show, but not before Doug surprised Jamie with a proposal and some new bling.
"The first ring the network got," Doug explains. "It never felt like it was my ring or her ring. I wanted something so that I could say, 'This is what I got for her.' "
– airs Tuesdays at 9 p.m. on A&E.
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"I've always been like, 'I can't wait to get married and change my last name,' " says the reality star
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ISIL terror group to create own currency
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20150504105540
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Extremist group ISIL will create its own money and exchange rate, it has been revealed.
The terror group will produce its own currency in gold, silver and copper, CNN reports.
The new money will include seven coins - two gold, three silver and two copper - and has been created as a 'dedication to God'.
The coins will be valued in dinars given there is no international exchange rate for the new money.
One ISIL gold coin will range between one and five dinars in value, less than one Australian cent.
The silver coin will be worth between one and five dinars.
The bronze coin will range from 10 and 20 dinars.
The currency is also understood to be part of the group's plan to remove Muslims from the "global economic system that is based on satanic usury," the media outlet quoted a statement from ISIL as saying.
ISIL has been funding its campaign against the West from oil, ransom payments, taxes and the sale of stolen artifacts.
In September it was revealed rich individuals from the sovereign Arab country of Qatar have been providing seed money to fund the extremist group.
"These rich Arabs are like what 'angel investors' are to tech start-ups, except they are interested in starting up groups who want to stir up hatred,” former US Navy Admiral and NATO Supreme Commander, James Stavridis told NBC News at the time.
"Groups like al-Nusrah [a separate terrorist group] and ISIS are better investments for them. The individuals act as high rollers early, providing seed money.
"Once the groups are on their feet, they are perfectly capable of raising funds through other means, like kidnapping, oil smuggling, selling women into slavery, etc."
Do you have any news photos or videos?
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Extremist group Islamic State of Iraq will create its own money and exchange rate, it has been revealed.
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http://www.people.com/article/bruce-jenner-transition-kris-jenner-cries-keeping-up-with-the-kardashians-about-bruce-special-e
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Kris Jenner Cries in About Bruce Special on E! : People.com
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20150506201811
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05/04/2015 AT 09:20 AM EDT
Though the reactions from the Kardashian side of
, they'll have their say soon.
In a sneak peek at
has an emotional conversation with daughter
, who tries to comfort her as she deals with her ex-husband's transition into a woman.
"He has to deal with this for his entire life, of waking up and feeling like, 'Whoa, this isn't my body, this doesn't feel comfortable,' " says Kim. "That's the only way I can kind of imagine it, and you really have to like, let go."
Kris replies, tearfully, that she has "memories" of a life with Bruce that "sometimes feels like it didn't exist" now that he's transitioning into a woman.
The two-part special premieres Sunday, May 17 (9 p.m. ET), on E! and will also feature "intimate conversations and intensely emotional moments," according to a network release, with Bruce, Kris, Kim,
each having a say "as they work through hearing from Bruce directly about finally living his life as the person he's always known himself to be."
The special, executive-produced by Bruce himself, intends to "help other families experiencing the same thing" and also "includes family home video footage that reminds viewers and the family of the special times they spent with Bruce as a father, husband and friend."
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"He has to deal with this for his entire life," says Kim Kardashian West in trying to comfort her mother
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Celebrating ‘Noble,’ a champion for children
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20150509022229
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According to writer Frank McCourt, “Worse than the ordinary miserable childhood is the miserable Irish childhood, and worse yet is the miserable Irish Catholic childhood.”
Dublin-born children’s rights crusader Christina Noble’s early life falls firmly into that last category, but Noble managed to overcome it with spine and spirit intact. The screen version of her life, “Noble,” surprisingly mostly avoids inspirational-movie cliches and unearned sentiment.
Writer-director Stephen Bradley doesn’t romanticize his subject’s miserable childhood in the Dublin slums. Played as a youngster by the winning Gloria Cramer Curtis, Christina has an angelic voice and dreams of singing like Doris Day but mostly her songs are used to pacify her violent, drunken father (Liam Cunningham) or to panhandle on the street. After their mother dies, the six Noble children are parceled out to orphanages. Christina lands in one run by unsympathetic nuns and the movie seems destined to turn from “Angela’s Ashes” to “The Magdalene Sisters” or “Philomena.”
There are elements of all three films in the inherently dramatic story. Christina grows into a spunky young woman (played by Sarah Greene, who starred in “The Cripple of Inishmaan” on Broadway). But even a keen survival instinct can’t save her from sexual assault while living on the streets. Bradley cuts the scenes of Christina’s harrowing childhood and young adulthood with the older Christina (played by Dierdre O’Kane of “Moone Boy”) traveling to Vietnam in 1989. As a single, Western woman, she’s viewed with suspicion as she begins to advocate for the hundreds of kids living on the streets or in abandoned buildings around Ho Chi Minh City (formerly Saigon). She gets little help from city residents or police, who don’t want attention focused on the kids known as bui doi (“the dust beneath your feet”).
Though it takes a little while to come together, the film’s non-chronological construction allows the tragedies of Christina’s childhood and adolescence to powerfully underscore her compelling sense of purpose in Vietnam. The movie may be inspirational but it’s rarely sappy — Christina talks regularly to God but she’s far more confrontational than contrite.
The Vietnam scenes, shot on location, are particularly jolting; just over a decade after US forces left the region, people live in dire poverty and many babies born with birth defects caused by Agent Orange are abandoned. Christina eventually earns the trust of an orphanage director (Nhu Quynh Nguyen) and she begins plans to renovate an abandoned building on the site to shelter and educate more children. She’ll sing for donations and chase down potential sponsors such as the oil tycoon played by Brendan Coyle of “Downton Abbey.” These corporate suits probably needed far more persuading than the film depicts but there’s little doubt, even before the end titles recount Christina Noble’s many accomplishments on behalf of abandoned children, that she was up to the task. A miserable Irish childhood molded the kind of woman you want on your side.
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“Noble,” the true story of Christina Noble, an Irish children’s rights champion, is saved from inspirational movie cliches by the strong performances from three actresses who play her at different ages.
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http://abcnews.go.com/2020/video/flds-controversial-community-explained-30917206
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150511002840id_/http://abcnews.go.com:80/2020/video/flds-controversial-community-explained-30917206
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Who Are the FLDS? Controversial Community Explained
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20150511002840
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Many questions surround the followers of Warren Jeffs's Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints.
| 12.210526 | 0.368421 | 0.368421 |
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http://fortune.com/2015/05/15/temp-jobs-permanent-employment/
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150515174943id_/http://fortune.com/2015/05/15/temp-jobs-permanent-employment/
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Temp jobs: Will they count against you in a job hunt?
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20150515174943
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Dear Annie: I got laid off from my accounting job in mid-2009 and, since comparable staff positions were scarce back then, I signed on with a temp agency and started doing short-term contract work with a variety of companies in several different industries. I’ve really enjoyed meeting new coworkers every few months, and I believe I’ve not only kept my skills sharp, but also learned quite a lot along the way.
Now that hiring is looking stronger, I’d like to look for a “permanent” job (if anything is permanent anymore), but I’m concerned that interviewers will look askance at six years of temping, including working in 14 different places over that time. Can you advise? — Numbers Guy
Dear Numbers Guy: You’ve got plenty of company. U.S. staffing companies hire more than 14 million temporary and contract employees every year. The industry, among the first to start creating jobs when the recession officially ended, grew by 57% between 2009 and 2014.
Nor does that growth seem to be slowing. Temp employment in the first quarter of this year rose by 5.7% (seasonally adjusted), according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. About 40% of employers expect to take on temporary or contract workers in 2015, says a CareerBuilder study. While they add more regular full-time staff, “employers are also looking for ways to quickly adapt to market dynamics,” notes Eric Gilpin, president of CareerBuilder’s staffing and recruiting division.
Still, “permanent employment is a top priority for most staffing employees,” says a report from the American Staffing Association, and it’s clearly possible to make that leap. About one in three (35%) contract workers in a recent ASA survey have been offered a job by a client where they had worked on an assignment.
A recently published poll from staffing firm OfficeTeam showed that slightly more than half of hiring managers (51%) see “a long period of consistent temporary assignments” as “comparable to full-time employment.” So your question is really how to win over an interviewer who belongs to the other half.
First, let’s talk about your resume. You mention 14 different assignments in the past six years and, while it’s never a good idea to list that many jobs, it would be an especially big mistake in this instance.
“Your employer the whole time was really the staffing agency,” says Robert Hosking, OfficeTeam’s executive director. “So list that firm on your resume as your employer from 2009 to present.” Then use bullet points, without dates, to describe the work you did on, say, half a dozen projects that are relevant to the job you’re applying for.
It’s almost always smart to write a different resume and cover letter for each job opening you pursue, but it’s especially important to do so now. “Tailor your description of your experience to the position,” says Hosking. “If you’re applying for a job at an insurance company, for instance, only go into detail about the assignments you did in that industry,” including goals you achieved and new skills you may have picked up that are specific to insurance-company accounting.
One unspoken reservation some interviewers may harbor is why you apparently haven’t been among the temps who have been offered a permanent job by any of the companies where you worked. (That’s not necessarily true, by the way: The ASA survey says that, among the 35% of contract workers who received offers, 66% accepted them. The rest said “no, thanks.”)
The best way to address that concern: Give the hiring manager contact information for three or four solid references from among the former peers and bosses you’re sure are fans. Don’t forget to fill them in beforehand on your current hunt for a permanent job. If any of these folks can honestly mention a reason why you weren’t asked to stay on — a hiring freeze, for example, or a restructuring that merged similar functions and cut headcount — then so much the better.
Especially if you sense some skepticism from an interviewer, Hosking recommends turning your having worked in so many places into a plus. “Employers are looking for people who can get up to speed quickly and start contributing right away,” he notes. “So emphasize that working in so many different environments, with new people each time, has made you more adaptable and flexible.”
Go in prepared with a couple of examples, which Hosking says should be easy. “If you’ve worked on five similar projects at five different companies, you’ve learned five new systems in a short period of time,” he points out. After six years, you may take that for granted, but it’s “an ability that any employer would value.” Good luck.
Talkback: Have you ever gone from contract work to a permanent full-time job? What helped you make the move? Leave a comment below.
Have a career question for Anne Fisher? Email askannie@fortune.com.
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About half of employers say a steady history of temp work is comparable to a full-time position. Then there's the other half.
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http://www.9news.com.au/World/2015/05/15/11/19/All-boy-family-welcome-13th-child
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150516095250id_/http://www.9news.com.au:80/World/2015/05/15/11/19/All-boy-family-welcome-13th-child
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Family with 12 sons welcome 13th child - and it's another boy
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20150516095250
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Kateri Schwandt with her 13th and newest son. (Supplied)
A US family with 12 sons have added a 13th child to their bulging brood – and yes, it's a boy.
Kateri Schwandt, 40, from Rockford, Michigan, gave birth to another son, whose name is yet to be revealed, on Wednesday, four days after her due date, M Live reports.
In keeping with tradition, the devout Catholic family did not find out the sex of the baby before the birth.
The proud father, Jay Schwandt , said he felt "blessed beyond belief", despite being excited about the prospect of welcoming a girl into the family.
Apart from the newborn, her sons range in age from 15 months to 22 years, and Mrs Schwandt, who comes from a family of 14 herself, says she would not have it any other way.
"I love being pregnant," Mrs Schwandt said. "I've spent half my life being pregnant."
"Your children are a little piece of you. Every day is Mother's Day.
"They will bring me flowers that they pick in the yard. Even if it's a dandelion, it's special because they were thinking of Mom."
Do you have any news photos or videos?
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A US family with 12 sons have added a 13th child to their bulging brood – and yes, it's a boy.
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Venture capital deals
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20150521050847
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FastPay, a Los Angeles-based finance platform for digital media businesses, has raised $25 million in equity and debt funding. SF Capital Group provided equity and subordinated debt, while Wells Fargo Capital Finance provided a senior credit facility.
Taboola, a New York-based online video discovery and distribution platform, has raised $10 million in Series C funding. Marker LLC led the round, and was joined by return backers Evergreen Venture Partners and WGI Group. The company previously raised $15 million. www.tabloola.com
Cenx Inc., a Chicago-based provider of, has raised $9.5 million in new VC funding. Verizon Investmentsand Mesirow Financial Private Equity co-led the round, and were joined by return backers DCM, Highland Capital Partners and Cross Creek Capital. www.cenx.com
Skyonic Corp., an Austin, Texas-based carbon capture company, has raised $9 million in new VC funding. Backers include ConocoPhillips, BP, PVS Chemicals, Northwater Capital Management and return backer ZAchry Corp. www.skyonic.com Rally.org, a San Francisco-based social fundraising platform, has raised $7.9 million in Series A funding. Backers include Relay Ventures, Floodgate Fund, Greylock Partners, Google Ventures and individual angels. www.rally.org Jirafe, a New York-based provider of analytics for ecommerce retailers, has raised $7 million in Series A funding. Backers include Foundry Group, FirstMark Capital, First Round Capital and O’Reilly Alpha Tech Ventures. www.jirafe.com
Prioria Robotics, a Gainesville, Fla.-based developer of small unmanned aerial systems, has raised $5.5 million in Series C funding. Advantage Capital Partners led the round, and was joined by Athenian Venture Partners and Florida Gulfshore Capital. www.prioria.com
CloudOne, an Indianapolis-based provider of SaaS for IBM Rational software development, has raised $1.7 million in Series B funding. Elevate Ventures led the round, and was joined by individual angels like former Indianapolis Colts players Ryan Diem and Jeff Saturday. www.oncloudone.com
Freshplum Inc., a Palo Alto, Calif.-based developer of a revenue analytics solution for digital commerce, has raised $1.4 million in seed funding. Backers include New Enterprise Associates, Greylock Partners, Google Ventures and Charles River Ventures. www.freshplum.com
Sign up for Dan’s daily email newsletter on deals and deal-makers: GetTermSheet.com
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FastPay, a Los Angeles-based finance platform for digital media businesses, has raised $25 million in equity and debt funding. SF Capital Group provided equity and subordinated debt, while Wells Fargo Capital Finance provided a senior credit facility. Taboola, a New York-based online video discovery and distribution platform, has raised $10 million in Series C funding. Marker LLC led the…
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http://fortune.com/2015/05/22/apple-tv-delayed/
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Apple's TV Service Might Be Delayed
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20150523214323
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Apple’s long quest to get a slice of the television business may have just gotten a bit longer.
According to a report in Re/code, Apple’s rumored TV service–which would bundle TV shows people would normally get through a cable provider–will not be unveiled this fall, “as it had told programmers it would like to do.”
The reason? Apple is hoping to differentiate itself from competitors like Dish’s Sling TV by offering local television content. This however, will be a time-consuming process, as most local television content is owned by local affiliates, rather than parent networks like CBS or ABC. According to Re/code:
Clearing the rights to show local programs and commercials takes some time — ABC, for instance, spent two years getting the rights to show live programming via its Watch ABC app, and its livestreams remain limited to viewers in eight cities. Also, some executives say that providing digital feeds of the programming from dozens of affiliates will also require the broadcasters to build new streaming infrastructure.
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Another setback in Apple's plan to deliver your TV shows
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INDEPENDENTS - BUFFOONS--OR VOX POPULI? - NYTimes.com
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20150524075423
|
THE 10 independent candidates for Governor this year have not quite captured the public's attention the way the late Henry Krajewski used to. Mr. Krajewski, a pig farmer from Secaucus and a perennial candidate for both President and Governor, ran on the slogan:
''This country is going to the pigs.'' A flamboyant speaker who died 15 years ago, Mr. Krajewski helped to establish a tradition of independent candidates in New Jersey, a tradition that some deride as simple buffoonery and others laud as a prime example of democracy at work.
New Jersey has long had one of the most liberal standards for getting on the ballot. Forty days before the primary election, a candidate must file 800 signatures with the Secretary of State; also, he must be at least 30 years old, a citizen of the United States for 20 years and a resident of New Jersey for seven.
The public-financing law, which applies to the two major-party candidates, pertains to the independents, too. Indeed, one of the reasons $50,000 was set as the amount that a candidate must raise before becoming eligible for public financing was to insure that a challenger's intent was serious.
As it turns out this year, none of the 10 independents has raised the $50,000 and none is entitled to public financing ($2 for every $1 raised privately), which has largely financed the campaigns of Representative James J. Florio, the Democratic candidate for Governor, and Thomas H. Kean, the Republican.
In 1977, 14 independent candidates ran for Governor; together, they garnered 2.4 percent of the total vote. One of the more-prominent candidates among the independents this year - Chester Grabowski, publisher of The Post Eagle, a Clifton newspaper, and who also ran in 1977 - withdrew two weeks ago and urged his supporters to vote for Mr. Florio. However, his name will still appear on the ballot.
The cast of characters this year is varied in almost every respect. For example, Jack Moyers, the Libertarian, is a clear speaker who is serious about getting his message across. He views his candidacy as an educational one, and says that the ''best government is the least government.''
Bill Gahres, a 68-year-old electrician and ditchdigger, is running as the candidate of the Down with Lawyers Committee. He is notable for his pithy speech, which is usually sprinkled with unprintable expletives.
Asked what he thought his chances of winning were, Mr. Gahres said: ''As much as a snowball in a hot place.'' Mr. Gahres frankly concedes that he is running - he often can be found trying to buttonhole reporters at the State House - because ''I want to be heard.''
Jasper Gould, a 69-year-old retired well-driller, also recognizes that he cannot possibly win. He uses his candidacy as a vehicle to vent his anger over a suit, which he lost, involving the value of his property.
Each major- and minor-party candidate is allowed a 500-word statement on the ballot. In his, Mr. Gould wrote that in 1968 the State Supreme Court upheld the state's Department of Natural Resources, which, he said, ''depreciated the value of my property by $600,000.''
The only black candidate in the race, James Harris of the Socialist Workers Party, works on the assembly line at the Ford plant in Metuchen. He says that he offers ''the working people'' an alternative from the Democratic and Republican parties.
There are no women independents. Following is a listing of each independent candidiate, the party or organization he represents and a brief summary of each one's special interest and views regarding some of the major issues of the 1981 gubernatorial campaign.
Ernest Pellerino, Law and Order: Mr. Pellerino, a machine designer and manufacturer, wants to create a New Jersey ''constabulory'' to combat violent street crime. He has a plan that he says will save ''billions of dollars'' every year for the people of New Jersey, but he declined, in a recent television interview, to discuss the details.
Charles C. Stone Jr., Federalist: Mr. Stone, who owns a gun shop, says he would solve the crime problem by putting to work ''the people who are stealing to feed their families.'' Asked how he would balance the budget, Mr. Stone conceded: ''I'm not very good at finances. I'd go and get myself a good Jewish accountant, who'd know exactly where we're going.''
Julius Levin, Socialist Labor: Mr. Levin, who ran for President in 1976 and manages an apartment house complex in Haddon Heights, says he would solve the state's economic problems by having ''people run and own business for the interests of society as a whole. Without a revolutionary change, you can't get rid of crime.''
Paul Rizzo, Independent: A retired Federal textile inspector, Mr. Rizzo says he would bring the crime rate down by ''making a prison in the pinelands, putting up barbed wire and putting German Shepherds outside.'' He approves of casino gambling, and believes that a redlight district should be established in the cities.
James A. Kolyer 3d, Middle Class: An industrial arts teacher at Cranford High School, Mr. Kolyer is against the public financing of election campaigns. His ballot statement promises that he will work for ''an outstanding educational system,'' hire more judges and create a plan for smaller prisons.
Jack Moyers, Libertarian: A self-employed real-estate investor, Mr. Moyers believes that government should be reduced to ''zero.'' He would eliminate laws against ''victimless crimes,'' such as prostitution and drug-selling. The mass-transit system should be sold to the private sector, he says, and the government should be removed as a monitor of casino gambling.
Harry J. Gaynor, Leadership by Example: A former Mayor of Plainfield, Mr. Gaynor describes himself as a ''conservative'' independent who believes that government must be ''run like a profitoriented corporation, with a return to a merit system and realistic priorities that increase productivity.''
Bill Gahres, Down With Lawyers: Mr. Gahres's statement on the ballot declares: ''Because of prostitution of freedom of the press, independent candidates have little chance of winning.'' His primary avocation, he says, ''is the study of (zoning) laws. My knowledge of the subject has been proven in court.''
Jasper C. Gould, Contempt of Court: Mr. Gould says he is the only candidate without a political background. He believes that mass transit should be sold to private enterprise, and says that politicians ''convicted of a crime should serve three times as long as anyone else.''
James Harris, Socialist Workers: His campaign, Mr. Harris asserts, is a positive effort for busing to desegregate the schools and for bilingual programs. ''The way to provide jobs is not to let big business run wild,'' he says. ''Instead, one good way would be to take the money now squandered on the Pentagon and put it to use for jobs and social services.''
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THE 10 independent candidates for Governor this year have not quite captured the public's attention the way the late Henry Krajewski used to. Mr. Krajewski, a pig farmer from Secaucus and a perennial candidate for both President and Governor, ran on the slogan: ''This country is going to the pigs.'' A flamboyant speaker who died 15 years ago, Mr. Krajewski helped to establish a tradition of independent candidates in New Jersey, a tradition that some deride as simple buffoonery and others laud as a prime example of democracy at work. New Jersey has long had one of the most liberal standards for getting on the ballot. Forty days before the primary election, a candidate must file 800 signatures with the Secretary of State; also, he must be at least 30 years old, a citizen of the United States for 20 years and a resident of New Jersey for seven.
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37 REPORTED KILLED IN BATTLES IN BEIRUT
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BEIRUT, Lebanon, April 2— Intense shooting erupted here and in eastern Lebanon today in the worst violence since the civil war ended in a cease-fire in 1976.
Artillery exchanges between Lebanese Christian militiamen and Syrian troops broke out all along the so-called Green Line that divides Beirut between Christian and Moslem sectors, and around the Christian town of Zahle in the Bekaa Valley 30 miles east of here.
According to reports here tonight, 27 people were killed and more than 120 wounded in largely Christian east Beirut, while 10 were reported killed and 40 wounded in the city's mainly Moslem western sector.
Shrapnel and machine-gun bullets rained on residential areas beside the demarcation line and some fell deep in the Christian and Moslem quarters. Shops and schools were closed and people took shelter in basements.
Traffic between the sectors of the capital came to a halt. Airport Closed for 3 Hours
Beirut airport, in a predominantly Moslem area, closed for three hours and all flights were diverted to Cyprus and Europe. It reopened in the evening.
Ships in the harbor in the Christian section of town moved out and anchored in the open sea to avoid shells. Fires broke out in harbor warehouses.
Efforts by President Elias Sarkis and his Government to arrange a cease-fire were unsuccessful. The President issued orders to the mainly Syrian peacekeeping force to stop shooting but they went unheeded. President Sarkis summoned the Cabinet to an emergency meeting tomorrow morning.
Mr. Sarkis is formally the commander of the 21,000-member Arab force, which came here five years ago under an Arab League mandate to try to put an end to two years of civil strife.
The force includes three brigades of the Palestine Liberation Army under Syrian officers. These units are deployed on oneside of the Beirut demarcation lines. Christian militiamen and units of the regular Lebanese Army are stationed on the opposite side.
Syrian troops, which make up the bulk of the Arab force, were in full alert, wearing steel helmets and armed with AK-47 assault rifles and rocket-propelled grenades. Militias Order Mobilization
Palestinian guerrillas and Lebanese Moslem and leftist militias have ordered a mobilization and gunmen were seen on most street corners in their areas of the capital. Yasir Arafat, head of the Palestine Liberation Organization, conferred today with guerrilla commanders.
East Beirut and most of the Christian parts of Lebanon are under the domination of the Christian Phalangist Party, which has the largest paramilitary organization in the country.
A Phalangist Christian alliance known as the Lebanese Front has been demanding total Syrian and Palestinian guerrilla withdrawal from Lebanon.
Damascus, the Palestinians and Lebanese Moslems and leftists have charged that the Phalangists have been collaborating with Israel with the aim of partitioning Lebanon. They said that most of the arms in Christian militiamen's hands had been supplied by the Israelis.
Although tension had been building up here for some time, diplomats believe the violence in Beirut today was a reaction to large-scale fighting around the provincial town of Zahle between Syrians and Christian militiamen, which started yesterday and gained in intensity.
A Syrian communique said fighting broke out when the Christian militiamen tried to construct a road linking Zahle with other Christian districts and to encircle Syrian forces.
Reports in the leftist press said the road was intended to insure a military supply line with the city over the Christian-controlled mountain range.
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Intense shooting erupted here and in eastern Lebanon today in the worst violence since the civil war ended in a cease-fire in 1976. Artillery exchanges between Lebanese Christian militiamen and Syrian troops broke out all along the so-called Green Line that divides Beirut between Christian and Moslem sectors, and around the Christian town of Zahle in the Bekaa Valley 30 miles east of here. According to reports here tonight, 27 people were killed and more than 120 wounded in largely Christian east Beirut, while 10 were reported killed and 40 wounded in the city's mainly Moslem western sector.
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LETTERS - 'Overserious' Adults - NYTimes.com
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20150524075929
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TO THE HOME SECTION: I read with considerable amusement, and some dismay, a recent letter published in response to Bernard Gladstone's plans for making a toy chest (''Home Improvement,'' Jan. 22). The letter writer was concerned that a child, having a toy chest rather than open shelves, would not learn to classify, categorize and care for his toys.
I remember with great pleasure having a toy chest very much like the one you described when I was a child, and I can report first-hand that it did not stunt my ability to put things into categories or lead me to forget my toys. On the contrary, it is the overserious concern of adults that everything in a child's world be somehow ''educational'' that leads to needless anxiety and guilt in childraising.
I would reassure Mr. Gladstone that toy chests are fine, and that nothing within reason can impede the natural unfolding of a child's understanding of the world. RICHARD D. KAPLAN, M.D. Manhattan Single-Parent Households TO THE HOME SECTION: With many families breaking up these days and affordable living space at a premium, the article (''Reconstructing a City Apartment to Provide Flexible Living for 3,'' Feb. 26) describing the ''restructuring'' of a city apartment to more felicitously accommodate a single parent and two children, should certainly be of interest.
But how many of those who ''don't want to live with anything that represented the past'' can afford $62,000 to change their living space to ''make it work for the family's new needs,'' especially when that figure does not include furniture, lighting fixtures, carpeting and slate floors?
Unfortunately, most new single-parent households can't afford expensive alterations to revitalize living space, however desirable such change would be. It would be interesting and beneficial to read about a similar project undertaken on the tiny budget available to the majority of families in this situation. RICHARD ALPERT Maplewood, N.J. Antiques Are Not Cloned TO THE HOME SECTION: To write of ''cloning antiques'' (''Cloning Antiques: Museum Reproductions,'' Feb. 26) is to betray an unnecessary ignorance. A clone is an asexually reproduced descendant of a living plant or animal. A clone is not necessarily an identical copy of its parent. Cloning is one form of reproduction. Although it might be argued that furniture can be asexually reproduced (certainly it is not sexual reproduction), the use of a term that has been exclusive to biology seems as awkward and naive as, say, ''Xeroxing antiques.'' BOYCE RENSBERGER Montclair, N.J.
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TO THE HOME SECTION: I read with considerable amusement, and some dismay, a recent letter published in response to Bernard Gladstone's plans for making a toy chest (''Home Improvement,'' Jan. 22). The letter writer was concerned that a child, having a toy chest rather than open shelves, would not learn to classify, categorize and care for his toys. I remember with great pleasure having a toy chest very much like the one you described when I was a child, and I can report first-hand that it did not stunt my ability to put things into categories or lead me to forget my toys. On the contrary, it is the overserious concern of adults that everything in a child's world be somehow ''educational'' that leads to needless anxiety and guilt in childraising.
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12 BRIDGES RAISED TO AID FREIGHT
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20150524080034
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RESIDENTS of the many towns and villages along the Hudson River below Tarrytown have noticed construction crews raising a dozen bridges that cross the railroad tracks of Conrail's Hudson Division. Although it has inconvenienced some in their efforts to reach riverside parks and restaurants, the renovation work is expected to benefit the entire metropolitan area economically.
The construction is one of the first stages of a New York State Department of Transportation program designed to improve rail-freight access to New York City from points west of the Hudson River. The 12 rail bridges are being raised to allow modern freight- trailer cars topass into and out of the city.
''Right now, 30 percent of all boxcars in the United States can not get into New York City because of clearance problems,'' Michael Sheehan of the department's Rail Operations Center in Albany said last week. ''This program should open up new industrial potential for the New York area.''
The raising of the bridges, all on a section of the Hudson Line stretching from just below Tarrytown down through Yonkers into the Bronx, was begun last fall. As of last week, two pedestrian bridges near Ardsley and 50 to 60 percent of the work on the remaining bridges had been completed, according to the department. All are expected to be ready by January.
The bridge at Babcock Street in North Yonkers is being completely replaced, with completion expected soon after January. In addition, six bridges in the Bronx are being raised, including one, at Depot Place, that is being completely replaced.
The old structures have a clearance of 15 feet 3 inches, a height that bars the passage of freight trailers loaded on flat cars. This newer mode of transport requires a clearance of 17 feet 6 inches. Rail bridges above Tarrytown, which were constructed at a later date and under different standards, have sufficient clearance to accommodate the trailer cars.
In addition to bridge clearances, the total Transportation Department program will address the equally serious traffic problems at the Mott Haven junction in south-central Bronx, where rail-freight movement is restricted by train traffic from all three Conrail passenger lines. The Mott Haven junction, just north of Yankee Statium, is said to have the highest concentration of rail traffic in the world.
Because of the traffic bottleneck at Mott Haven, only four freight trains can pass through that junction each day and then only during off-peak communter train hours. Transportation Department officials said they foresaw tremendous growth in passenger volume on the three commuter divisions, which could eliminate almost all daytime freight movement.
Construction of a two-mile stretch of new track, which will enable freight to bypass the congested Mott Haven junction and travel directly to a yet-to-be-contructed freight-handling terminal, is now being planned. The new facility, at the site of the present Harlem River Yard, will be specifically designed to handle the trailer on flat car freight trains.
All stages of the program, including thew new section of track and the modern freight-handling station in the South Bronx, are scheduled to be completed by 1985.
From the Harlem River Yard, the freight cars will be able to reach New York's ''gateway'' to the rest of the city and Long Island, the Oak Point Yard in the southeast corner of the Bronx. The Oak Point yard would continue to handle conventional boxcar freight.
The Transportation Department expects the program to improve the efficiency and to lower the cost of rail-freight service for shippers by allowing the use of more modern freight-handling equipment. The use of trailers on flat cars is said to be most cost efficient when transporting materials at least 800 to 1,000 miles.
''We can't overemphasize the potent economic impact of this for the New York City area,'' said John K. Bryan, public relations officer for the Transportation Department. ''New York City and Long Island have been denied this kind of service for a very long time. Shippers and manufacturers can't take advantage of low-cost freight because it can't get into the city. The rail-freight technology has passed them by, and the consumer pays the price,'' Mr. Br yan said.
The products being shipped into New York come from the Middle West, as well as from the Northeast. The only other rail-freight access point is a floating barge operation between the Greenville, N. J., Conrail terminal and the Brooklyn waterfront. Track and bridges between the Oak Point Yard and the Brooklyn waterfront are also scheduled to be upgraded.
The estimated $100 million cost of the program is being provided by 1974 and 1979 state transportation bond issues. The department also has a commitment from the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey for nearly $38 million, according to Victor Teglasi, project director at the department. Mr. Teglasi said the department was seeking Federal money for the program, but that none had been secured.
Illustrations: photo of High Street bridge in Dobbs Ferry photo of workers on the High Street bridge
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RESIDENTS of the many towns and villages along the Hudson River below Tarrytown have noticed construction crews raising a dozen bridges that cross the railroad tracks of Conrail's Hudson Division. Although it has inconvenienced some in their efforts to reach riverside parks and restaurants, the renovation work is expected to benefit the entire metropolitan area economically. The construction is one of the first stages of a New York State Department of Transportation program designed to improve rail-freight access to New York City from points west of the Hudson River. The 12 rail bridges are being raised to allow modern freight- trailer cars topass into and out of the city.
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Market Place - Analysts Assess Phillips Oil Find - NYTimes.com
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20150524080100
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THE Phillips Petroleum Company has soft-pedaled the extent of its oil discovery off the Ivory Coast, but Wall Street is betting that the find could be one of the most significant in recent decades.
Despite the generally encouraging outlook, the president and chief executive officer of Phillips, William Douce, said after the stockholders' meeting last month that ''we simply don't know'' the reserve potential of the find.
Why is Phillips so cautious in the face of generally optimistic reports and rumors? Obviously, the company does not know the extent of the find, and neither does anyone else. But there may be a secondary reason for the Phillips caution.
Wall Street analysts believe that Phillips and the Ivory Coast itself may be playing down the potential of the field until pending International Monetary Fund loans are granted.
In any case, there are conflicting reports. Whether the field will prove to be a small one or a giant with multibillion-barrel potential, it is clear that the oil is of superior quality: light crude with a relatively low sulfur content.
Some believe the field eventually has recoverable reserves of three billion to eight billion barrels and might thus be in a class with the Alaskan North Slope find of some 9.6 billion barrels. Eberstadt & Company has published reports carrying these numbers. But one cautious analyst says that the field may prove to be a disappointment producing no more than 500 million barrels.
The lower estimate reflects in part inconclusive results of a third test well drilled relatively close to the shore in 400 feet of water. The well was designed to find the northern flank of the field. It indicated a less impressive find than earlier tests suggested.
Phillips has stated that five production tests from three sets of perforations in the drilling pipe produced flow rates of 800 to 1,400 barrels a day at levels of between 770 and 6,640 feet.
This would be a disappointment in terms of the flow rate of the earlier test wells. A cautious analyst, who asked not to be identified, noted that the discovery well completed about this time last year was much more promising.
The cumulative indicated test rate of the earlier well was about 30,000 barrels a day, which could mean a producing well actually bringing in from 10,000 to 20,000 barrels a day. That level of production for a major field would suggest multibillion-barrel reserves.
Why then, did the latest tests show so little? The Ocean Oil Weekly Report notes that Sedco, a partner, has said that unconsolidated sands flowing into the well bore during tests restricted results.
The publication's April 27 issue said: ''That probably explains why it took longer than anticipated to complete testing. Without sand control, it's likely the tests couldn't be run long enough to get good pressure readings.''
Some observers believe that, had Phillips drilled in somewhat deeper water to the south, the well might have shown a bigger recovery and one more in line with the larger numbers.
A second analyst, who also asked not to be identified, commented on the significance to Phillips. He noted that the Ivory Coast was a relatively stable, pro-capitalist country. Moreover, he said, Petroci, the Ivory Coast national oil company, was a paying partner making a 10 percent contribution to drilling costs. To the analyst, that meant that this Government was more businesslike than those of some other nations.
This analyst said that, based on the three test wells, the field appeared to be in the multibillion-barrel class. He added that, with 57 1/2 percent of the field, Phillips could wind up as one of the better-positioned American companies with regard to crude supply.
Arguing for a major find was the intensity of the drilling effort and relatively wide areas covered, he said. The most distant wells on the north-south axis are three miles apart and the fifth and sixth holes, currently under way, are 9.6 miles distant and roughly define the east-west limits.
In all, the analyst said, there will be five rigs drilling wells, an unusually large number for an offshore prospect. Phillips shares have been active for months, but in the current desultory market for oil issues, the shares have made little progress. They closed yesterday at 40, off 1, on the New York Stock Exchange. And Sedco, which has 10 percent, has not moved much lately. Italy's Agip has 22.5 percent.
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THE Phillips Petroleum Company has soft-pedaled the extent of its oil discovery off the Ivory Coast, but Wall Street is betting that the find could be one of the most significant in recent decades. Despite the generally encouraging outlook, the president and chief executive officer of Phillips, William Douce, said after the stockholders' meeting last month that ''we simply don't know'' the reserve potential of the find. Why is Phillips so cautious in the face of generally optimistic reports and rumors? Obviously, the company does not know the extent of the find, and neither does anyone else. But there may be a secondary reason for the Phillips caution.
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NEW RING FOR THE OLD SCHOOL BELL
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20150524080109
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TRENTON THE school bell will ring again this week for about 1.2 million children throughout the state, but all the activity, especially after the first of the year, will not be confined to the classroom.
A new Governor and a new State Legislature will assume office in January, and those familiar with the positions of both gubernatorial candidates predict that, regardless of the outcome, the approach that the state government takes to regulation of and remuneration to the state's 611 school districts will change.
Educators expect Thomas H. Kean, the Republican candidate for Governor and a fiscal conservative, to be especially responsive to complaints from suburban, G.O.P-dominated school districts that the state's Department of Education has over-regulated the public schools.
Mr. Kean has criticized some mandates of the State Board of Education under the present Democratic administration, including school classification and the requirement that all districts teach sex education. The New Jersey School Baards Association views Mr. Kean as the ''management candidate.''
James J. Florio, the Democratic candidate to succeed Governor Byrne, has promised to take an active role in teacher negotiations to prevent any educators from being jailed for labor activities. He also opposes tuition tax credits for those who send their children to private schools, saying that the needs of the public schools come ''first and foremost.''
Mr. Florio is perceived by many as a labor candidate who also will be responsive to complaints about over-regulation. The difference between the candidates, says Octavius Reid, d irector of governmental relations for the school boards association, is that Mr. Florio will want to deregulate and change financing formu las to aid the cities, rather than the suburbs.
The new Governor will want to choose his own Commissioner of Education. The present commissioner, Dr. Fred G. Burke, was appointed at the beginning of Governor Byrne's first term in 1974.
Dr. Burke was responsible for implementing the controversial act calling for ''thorough and efficient'' education in New Jersey. Of the state's cabinet officers, only the Commissioner of Education and the Chancellor of Higher Education serve constitutional five-year terms.
All other Cabinet officers serve at the pleasure of the G overnor. Although Dr. Burke legally may remain in his job until June, 1984, top aides to the commissioner expect him to leave his post soon afterthe new Gover nor takes office.
''If the Republican wins, Burke, who was appointed by a Democrat, will be asked to resign immediately,'' an aide predicted. ''If Florio wins, he'll probably ask Burke to stay on until a replacement is found. Either way, there will be a change.''
The State Board of Education, an active, regulatory force in the public schools during the eight-year reign of Governor Byrne, also has a new leader. F.David Brandt, a Cherry Hill attorney, is the board's new president, having succeeded P.Paul Ricci, a Vineland businessman.
During his three-year presidency, Mr. Ricci's liberal activist views played a major role in shaping the state's current interpretation of the 5-year-old ''T & E'' legislation, and the board was frequently the center of controversy during his tenure.
Among the disagreements were decisions ordering all local schools to develop sex-education programs, to submit to being publicly graded by a classification system and to produce a blizzard of documents to prove that the state board's interpretation of ''T & E'' was being adhered to.
Mr. Brandt and Mr. Ricci are philosophically alike, but the former said recently that he hoped that the board could effect a lower profile in the new school year.
Instead of developing any major initiatives, ''This may be a good period to let schools digest what's been thrust upon them,'' Mr. Brandt said. ''It may be a time to use the word 'encourage' rather than 'require.' I hope this will not be a year of controversy.''
Even the leadership of the state's 110,000-member public-school employees union, the New Jersey Education Association, has changed. Its new president is Edith E. Fulton, an elementary school teacher in Lakehurst for the last 15 years.
According to Mrs. Fulton, the association will continue to focus on contract issues and protecting teachers from proposed additional licensing requirements.
While the planets shift overhead, local school administrators will be struggling with such issues as declining enrollments and school closings, soaring costs, state and Federal budget cuts, Federal block grants, development of sex-education programs, basic skills improvement, layoffs caused by over-staffing and, paradoxically, shortages of mathematics and science teachers.
Whereas state regulations requiring sex education, classification and regionalization dominated as issues in the last few years, it appears that money will dominate in the near future.
Reductions in aid to education are imminent on both the Federal and state levels. Although Federal aid accounts for only about 5 percent of the statewide total spent on the public schools, it is distributed to only about 16 percent of the state's 611 school districts. Many of these are hard-pressed urban schools that need the money for special education and basic skills programs and whose eroded tax bases are too weak to support the necessary property-tax increases to make up the difference.
Some districts will feel the pinch this year, when ''impact aid'' payments are cut. ''Impact aid'' districts receive Federal money for educating children of Federal employees who work or live on untaxed Federal Government property.
A handful of New Jersey schools received a total of $11 million in impact aid last year. The proposed Federal budget calls for spending $7 million this year and $5.5 million the following year.
Reductions in other kinds of Federal aid scheduled for 1982-83 could total as much as $60 million and force program cuts or property-tax increases in many of the school districts.
School officials also see a state budget crunch brewing. New Jersey avoided a budget deficit this year when the Legislature required businesses to pay 85 percent of their yearly taxes in advance, instead of the 65 percent they previously were required to pay. That produced a one-time windfall of $110 million, which cannot be re peated next year. This change in collections also avoided having tocu t $65 million in aid to wealthier suburban schools. However, su burban educators are concerned that such a cut may not be avoidablene xt year. --------------------------------------------------------------------- This is the first in a series of articles pertaining to the new school year.
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TRENTON THE school bell will ring again this week for about 1.2 million children throughout the state, but all the activity, especially after the first of the year, will not be confined to the classroom. A new Governor and a new State Legislature will assume office in January, and those familiar with the positions of both gubernatorial candidates predict that, regardless of the outcome, the approach that the state government takes to regulation of and remuneration to the state's 611 school districts will change. Educators expect Thomas H. Kean, the Republican candidate for Governor and a fiscal conservative, to be especially responsive to complaints from suburban, G.O.P-dominated school districts that the state's Department of Education has over-regulated the public schools. Mr. Kean has criticized some mandates of the State Board of Education under the present Democratic administration, including school classification and the requirement that all districts teach sex education. The New Jersey School Baards Association views Mr. Kean as the ''management candidate.''
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Paperback Talk - NYTimes.com
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20150524080150
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The Spirit of '81. It's a fortnight now since the last publisher dismantled his booth in the vast exhibition hall of the Georgia World Congress Center and the last convention-goer made it home from the 81st annual meeting of the American Booksellers, held Memorial Day weekend in Atlanta. What does the affair bode for everyone for whom the book is a staff of life? As the fortunes of the paperback nowadays are inextricably intertwined with those of the hardcover, most of our observations apply to both kinds of books. To wit:
- The convention's spirit, thanks to the uncertain state of the economy, was quite subdued. There were few flashy displays, few crowded aisles, few freebies, relatively few parties at expensive restaurants. Nevertheless, there were some moments that will long be remembered: the style with which an 11-year-old brown horse, a pacer named Rambling Willie, affixed his front right hoof to ''autograph'' copies of a book about himself, ''Rambling Willie'' ... the deft way in which a Georgia judge worked two references to a ''Second Chance at Love'' into his remarks as he presided at a wedding of two New York book people, a ceremony staged to mark the launching of a new series of romances called ''Second Chance at Love.'' Only a few of the publicist guests present were captious enough to remark that the judge had neglected to mention the book's publisher and price.
- Attendance, according to A.B.A. officials, was less than 13,000, 4,000 below 1980. Exhibitors outnumbered booksellers nearly 2-to-1. West Coast booksellers were in especially short supply. Even so, a number of publishers told us that they received more on-the-spot orders than they had expected. Notably cheerful were those offering expensive art books. Ian Ballantine, the paperback pioneer who is now venturing into another area as co-owner of the new Greenwich Press, already has in hand orders for 1,300 copies of an $850 album called ''Frank C. McCarthy: The Old West.''
- The booths displayed few titles that seemed likely to make customers hurry into bookstores this fall. There are, however, scores of volumes that could turn out to be ''sleepers,'' repeating the performance of Kit Williams's ''Masquerade,'' one of the past year's most pleasant surprises.
- And, as every sports fan knows, there's always next year. During Memorial Day weekend, 1982, the A.B.A. will be convening at Anaheim, Calif., home of Disneyland. That should attract booksellers from the country west of the Mississippi, and, indeed, every book person with children seeking to combine pleasure with business.
Paperback Prognosis. Of a dozen panel discussions held during the convention, only one dealt specifically with the kind of book that now accounts for 70 percent of booksellers' sales - the paperback. The close ties that now exist between softcover and hardcover publishing were evident throughout a 90-minute discussion on the ''philosophy of paperback publishing.'' All on the panel were representives of houses that began as reprinters, mass-market specialists closely allied to the magazine business. All now also publish trade paperbacks, intended primarily for sale in bookstores. New American Library, represented by Robert Diforio, and Bantam Books, represented by Rollene Saal, now consider themselves ''complete publishers,'' issuing hardcover and softcover books, originals and reprints. Ballantine Books, represented by Marc Jaffe, is owned by a hardcover publisher, Random House. Only Avon Books, represented by Walter Meade, has yet to issue a hardcover title. All the panelists seemed to agree on a number of matters:
- Under present conditions, publishers can do little to halt the continuing rise in prices of mass-market books, now as high as $3.95.
- There is little resistance to $6.95 price tags on trade paperbacks, the fastest growing category of book publishing. The 50's were called the era of the ''mass-paperback revolution.'' The 80's may well become the time of the ''trade-paperback revolution.''
- Publishers are anxious to discover new talent to supplement or replace their cadres of brand-name authors, many of whom are getting along in years. The houses that consider themselves complete publishers will be able to bring out works of their new writers in hardcover whenever that seems appropriate.
- During the 80's, the demography and cultural interests of the book-reading public are likely to change drastically. Publishers will have to anticipate rather than merely respond to them. Among the developments mentioned: the growing independence of women, the increase in the numbers of elderly persons, a renewal of interest in the American past.
Authors' Asides. Some of the convention's most illuminating moments were heard in a small conference room where two dozen authors took turns meeting members of the working press. For example, Gay Talese, author of ''Thy Neighbor's Wife,'' lamented the pre-publication publicity his book received, which created the impression that it would be a sensational volume about pornography rather than a serious study of the country's changing mores and the people who brought it about ... Alan Dean Foster, who has turned out novelizations of such films as ''Alien,'' ''Outland'' and ''Clash of the Titans'' in as little as four weeks, said that he much prefers to write fantasy books of his own invention that take six to eight months ... Richard Simmons, who was a television celebrity long before he sat down to write the ''Never-Say-Diet Book,'' said he was unhappy because so few Americans read books these days, but spend their free moments watching the tube.
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The Spirit of '81. It's a fortnight now since the last publisher dismantled his booth in the vast exhibition hall of the Georgia World Congress Center and the last convention-goer made it home from the 81st annual meeting of the American Booksellers, held Memorial Day weekend in Atlanta. What does the affair bode for everyone for whom the book is a staff of life? As the fortunes of the paperback nowadays are inextricably intertwined with those of the hardcover, most of our observations apply to both kinds of books. To wit: - The convention's spirit, thanks to the uncertain state of the economy, was quite subdued. There were few flashy displays, few crowded aisles, few freebies, relatively few parties at expensive restaurants. Nevertheless, there were some moments that will long be remembered: the style with which an 11-year-old brown horse, a pacer named Rambling Willie, affixed his front right hoof to ''autograph'' copies of a book about himself, ''Rambling Willie'' ... the deft way in which a Georgia judge worked two references to a ''Second Chance at Love'' into his remarks as he presided at a wedding of two New York book people, a ceremony staged to mark the launching of a new series of romances called ''Second Chance at Love.'' Only a few of the publicist guests present were captious enough to remark that the judge had neglected to mention the book's publisher and price.
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THE REGION - Jersey Aims to Cut Drawbridge Snarls - NYTimes.com
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NEWARK (AP) - State transportation officials want permission from the Coast Guard to reduce the times drawbridges must be opened during commuter rush periods. At issue are the interests of mariners, motorists and harried railroad commuters.
The majority of the spans predate World War II and are opened thousands of times each year to accommodate an increasing number of pleasure and fishing vessels using waterways along the Jersey Shore. Monumental traffic snarls occur when a drawbridge gets stuck in an open position.
''In general, all the bridges are antiquated and keeping them in operation is a struggle,'' said Guy Baehr, a spokesman for the State Transportation Department. ''When they are open, we don't always know whether they will close, and when they are closed, we don't alway s know when they will open.''
Mr. Baehr said the state wanted permission to curtail bridge openings along the North Jersey coastline route, which has five bridges, with the Raritan Bridge and the Morgan Bridge most prone to breakdowns.
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NEWARK (AP) - State transportation officials want permission from the Coast Guard to reduce the times drawbridges must be opened during commuter rush periods. At issue are the interests of mariners, motorists and harried railroad commuters.
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WEINBERGER TELLS OF NEW CONVENTIONAL-FORCE STRATEGY
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WASHINGTON, May 5— Secretary of Defense Caspar W. Weinberger asserted today that ''if we value our freedom, we must be able to defend ourselves in wars of any size and shape and in any region where we have vital interests.''
Mr. Weinberger said in a speech in Chicago that ''our global interests and commitments dictate that our armed forces acquire greater range, mobility, and survivability.'' That means, he said in a text made available here, ''developing urgently a better ability to respond to crises far from our shores, and to stay there as long as necessary.''
The Defense Secretary said that the United States would continue to strengthen its nuclear deterrent and would maintain commitments to the North Atlantic alliance, but the focus of his speech was on building conventional forces capable of a flexible response to Soviet and other threats. An Airing of New Strategy
The address to the American Newspaper Publishers Association this afternoon was a public exposition of the military strategy that Mr. Weinberger and his senior associates at the Pentagon have been discussing in recent weeks.
Their first order of business after taking office was to submit to Congress amendments to the 1981 and 1982 military budgets. That done, they have turned their attention to developing a military strategy intended to guide the assembling of the 1983 military budget.
The new strategy, according to senior planning officials in the Defense Department, is intended to justify and govern military programs, the size and deployment of the armed forces, and the kinds and numbers of weapons, equipment, and supplies to be procured. 'A Strong Conventional Capacity'
In explaining the plan, he said, ''More and more it is apparent that we cannot and indeed should not rely exclusively on strategic forces and that we will need a strong conventional capacity to counter conventional strength that may be deployed against us.''
''We have to be prepared to launch counteroffensives in other regions and to exploit the aggressors' weaknesses, wherever we might find them,'' Mr. Weinberger said. ''It is in this context that our need for naval superiority acquires special dimension.'' The Reagan Administration plans to increase the size of the Navy from 450 ships to 600 or more.
Mr. Weinberger reiterated the Administration's insistence on allied help. ''We cannot meet alone all the farflung challenges that may arise,'' he said. ''We have to count on increased and closer cooperation with our friends and allies.'' Stresses Need to Move Quickly
Similarly, he said, military assistance to countries such as Turkey, Egypt, the Sudan, and Israel is intended to foster ''a stronger United States military presence in vital areas to meet potential aggression before it can become an accomplished fact.''
Mr. Weinberger asserted that new Soviet naval and airborne forces ''do not merely give an unprecedented reach to Soviet military ventures into regions of greatest importance to us, but they are also inherently capable of swift execution.''
''Hence, we have to be able to move our forces quickly,'' he said. Noting the speed with which Soviet forces moved into Afghanistan, Mr. Weinberger said: ''We must restore our ability to mobilize our forces quickly and to support them in the combat we hope thus to deter.''
Mr. Weinberger also said that the United States must improve the industrial base that supports its military power. Saying that the nation cannot match the Soviet Union's ground forces in peacetime, he went on: ''The readiness with which we could mobilize our industrial potential serves as our countervailing reserves of military strength.''
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Secretary of Defense Caspar W. Weinberger asserted today that ''if we value our freedom, we must be able to defend ourselves in wars of any size and shape and in any region where we have vital interests.'' Mr. Weinberger said in a speech in Chicago that ''our global interests and commitments dictate that our armed forces acquire greater range, mobility, and survivability.'' That means, he said in a text made available here, ''developing urgently a better ability to respond to crises far from our shores, and to stay there as long as necessary.''
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, - Wrong Hail to the Chiefs - NYTimes.com
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It is no disgrace for Caspar Weinberger to want to be confirmed as Secretary of Defense before he can articulate a coherent foreign policy and strategic doctrine. He comes to the Pentagon with the reputation of a vigorous budget cutter, an important attribute for an Administration that seems tempted to throw money at military problems. There will be time enough to learn the intricacies of arms control, naval deployments and recruiting. But there is not much more time for temporizing about the relationship between the civilian and military leaders of the armed forces. When asked whether he would fire the present Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff for the crime of supporting the Commander in Chief on SALT II, Mr. Weinberger's response should have been an eloquent no.
To duck that elementary question was a mark not of inexperience but of insensitivity to the essence of his new assignment. America's long-nourished tradition of military integrity and civilian supremacy stands at risk as long as the Reagan team even contemplates the dismissal of Gen. David Jones for blatant political reasons. As an individual, General Jones is surely dispensable. But as a symbol of professional probity and political loyalty, he now needs to be protected.
When Mr. Weinberger gets around to asking his Joint Chiefs whether they can defend the nation and fulfill their missions with another arms control treaty, without a military draft or without a base in Saudi Arabia, he should want the most dispassionate technical responses. And he should want his four-star officers to feel as free to contradict his inclinations as they are ready to carry out his orders.
To fire General Jones because he failed to fudge his counsel in anticipation of a new Administration is to invite bad advice and perhaps even insubordination from his successors. Worse still, it is to encourage the occasional tendency of military leaders to intervene in the electoral process and for assorted Presidential candidates to recruit their own favored generals.
In point of fact, General Jones and his fellow Chiefs drove to the outer limits of propriety in bartering with President Carter over their support for SALT II. In return, they won a huge increase in military spending, including the mammoth MX missile - not because they feared the treaty but because they feared that it might lull the nation into spending less than they wanted. They came perilously close to making a political judgment beyond their mandate. But in the end they spoke the truth: the treaty as such was no threat to security and no impediment to their desired buildup.
To imply that such truth-telling warrants dismissal from a new President is to plant an unhealthy seed in the mind of every senior officer. Mr. Weinberger had been alerted to the potential damage both by his immediate predecessor, Harold Brown, and by James Schlesinger, a former Secretary who shares his strategic outlook. In saying yesterday that he was not ready to discuss the issue, Mr. Weinberger was confessing that he has not thought through his very first order of business.
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It is no disgrace for Caspar Weinberger to want to be confirmed as Secretary of Defense before he can articulate a coherent foreign policy and strategic doctrine. He comes to the Pentagon with the reputation of a vigorous budget cutter, an important attribute for an Administration that seems tempted to throw money at military problems. There will be time enough to learn the intricacies of arms control, naval deployments and recruiting. But there is not much more time for temporizing about the relationship between the civilian and military leaders of the armed forces. When asked whether he would fire the present Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff for the crime of supporting the Commander in Chief on SALT II, Mr. Weinberger's response should have been an eloquent no.
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REFORMING APARTHEID MAY BE A PROMISE BOTHA CAN'T KEEP
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CAPE TOWN— Prime Minister P.W. Botha, a machine politician who came up through the ranks to lead the National Party three years ago, assured the all-white Parliament last week that he had a firm mandate from the electorate - also all-white - to continue his policies. But it was possibly the low point of Mr. Botha's tenure as Prime Minister; there was less clarity than ever about his policies and less certainty as to where they might lead.
Speaking angrily and defensively, Mr. Botha opened the new Parliament in which his party, after maintaining an iron grip for 33 years, was returned with 58 percent of the votes and 131 of the 165 elected seats. In any other multiparty state, that would have been termed a landslide. Yet the returns plainly showed an almost seismic shift of Afrikaans-speaking voters - especially in the Transvaal, the richest, most populous province - to right-wing extremist parties. The Herstigte Nasionale Party, which attracted one-third of Transvaal Afrikaner votes, and other far-rightists contended that Mr. Botha's widely heralded, vaguely defined promises of racial reform were part of a deliberate scheme to phase out white domination. These parties won no seats, but they shattered the principle of Afrikaner political unity and put themselves in reach of a breakthrough next time the Nationalists risk an election.
In Parliament, the Prime Minister tried to sweep aside the deepening impression that, to halt defections and hold the party together, he is being forced to change course. ''I'm not a middle-ofthe-road person,'' he fumed. ''I have my own thoughts, my own pattern of dealing with things. Even if it costs my political career, I will follow that course.'' He held out no hope for power-sharing with urban blacks above the local government level and again hedged his bets on constitutional reform for brown-skinned South Africans - Indians and persons of mixed race classified as coloreds. They are to be offered a restricted franchise in a year or two. Last year, South African diplomats eagerly spread the word that reform for coloreds and Indians was a necessary prelude to reform for blacks. Now the prelude seems to be the entire program. Its content and timetable are anyone's guess.
The only specifics Prime Minister Botha provided Parliament concerned increased incentives to industries to decentralize, to spread employment and slow the tide of rural blacks headed for urban centers. He noted that the program would be enormously costly. Even as he spoke, there was heart-rending evidence - hundreds of ''illegal'' blacks living without shelter in defiance of orders to leave Cape Town - that the tide would not easily be turned.
Far from rolling back the codes and practices of three decades of apartheid, the Botha Government seemed intent on convincing its supporters that it was simply offering refinements on the grand design. But the impulse to reform has not quite run its course. The Prime Minister, in more optimistic days, commissioned reports - on equality in education, rights for coloreds and Indians, the status of urban blacks and of black mineworkers - that are now being completed, with recommendations Mr. Botha's right wing will find hard to swallow.
The Prime Minister is expected to have to shelve, or at least shave, many of these proposals, permitting only small-scale tinkering with white domination. Indeed, Mr. Botha finally acknowleded as much at the end of last week's debate. When he was challenged by the young opposition leader, Frederick van Zyl Slabbert, to say whether his program of constitutional reform would leave whites dominant, he replied with an unambiguous ''yes.''
For the small but influential minority of young Afrikaners and intellectuals who have caught the reformist infection, the most depressing episode since the election involved Piet Koornhof, the Cabinet Minister dealing with black affairs. An enthusiast, Mr. Koornhof seems able to preach the doctrines of apartheid and racial understanding with equal fervor. A couple of years ago, he was out in front of his party, talking about the coming of full citizenship for blacks and the imminent death of apartheid. But last month, he spoke of the need to reassure whites by insuring that they were not ''swamped'' or ''crowded out'' by blacks in recently desegregated public places such as parks in white areas. The answer, he suggested, might be to push ahead with the creation of separate facilities such as parks and even bridges. (''One man, one bridge,'' jeered an opposition spokesman.) Facilities integrated five days a week could be closed to blacks on weekends, he suggested.
It sounded as if the Nationalists were working their way back to the apartheid doctrines on which they had swept to power. The Afrikaans-language press, which is officially tied to the Nationalists, was scathing in its reaction. Die Beeld said Mr. Koornhof was taking the political discussion back to ''the almost prehistoric debates'' of the early apartheid period, and asked how whites could expect to enlist the support of nonwhites ''if in 1981 we speak of separate bridges a la 1948.''
But Mr. Koornhof was speaking, however unconvincingly, for the Government. He reflected a cold political analysis, shared by some of the most respected and influential Botha Cabinet members, that the election's big lesson was that the governing party had moved too fast in opening public facilities on a limited scale to nonwhites.
Their calculation may carry a message also for the Reagan Administration, which has promoted the view that ''constructive engagement'' by the United States, rather than continual carping, might hasten South Africa on the road to racial reform.
The Prime Minister appeared to be thinking of Mr. Reagan when he told Parliament last week that, ''I'm prepared to talk with leaders of other countries, whomever they may be, but I'm not prepared to take orders.''
Illustrations: photo of homeless blacks outside Cape Town
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Prime Minister P.W. Botha, a machine politician who came up through the ranks to lead the National Party three years ago, assured the all-white Parliament last week that he had a firm mandate from the electorate - also all-white - to continue his policies. But it was possibly the low point of Mr. Botha's tenure as Prime Minister; there was less clarity than ever about his policies and less certainty as to where they might lead. Speaking angrily and defensively, Mr. Botha opened the new Parliament in which his party, after maintaining an iron grip for 33 years, was returned with 58 percent of the votes and 131 of the 165 elected seats. In any other multiparty state, that would have been termed a landslide. Yet the returns plainly showed an almost seismic shift of Afrikaans-speaking voters - especially in the Transvaal, the richest, most populous province - to right-wing extremist parties. The Herstigte Nasionale Party, which attracted one-third of Transvaal Afrikaner votes, and other far-rightists contended that Mr. Botha's widely heralded, vaguely defined promises of racial reform were part of a deliberate scheme to phase out white domination. These parties won no seats, but they shattered the principle of Afrikaner political unity and put themselves in reach of a breakthrough next time the Nationalists risk an election.
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THE GAMES OLYMPIC ATHLETES MUST PLAY FOR MONEY
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ALBERTO SALAZAR, winner of the 1981 New York City Marathon, has said: ''I make no bones about it. I make my living off running.'' Under-the-table prizes for top finishers in last month's marathon have been reported at $14,000 to the winner and $8,000 to the first woman across the line.
Bill Rodgers, a four-time winner of the race is reported to earn about $250,000 a year, including income from his running-related sporting goods stores.
Fred Lebow, the race's director and president of the New York Road Runners Club, has said that the club purchased $10,000 worth of running clothes from Rodgers's firm before last year's race and that Rodgers was paid $5,000 for each of a series of personal appearances related to the event.
No check is placed directly into the hands of a competitor as prize money because doing so would endanger the athlete's amateur status. Obviously there's hypocrisy here: Athletes living off the fruits of competition, like professionals, while remaining amateurs. The hypocrisy exists because of the Olympic Games. The Olympics in and of themselves are not hypocritical; but they create hypocrisy for those gifted athletes who can use the Games to establish a basis for personal wealth.
If the Games did not exist, track and field stars and other athletes, such as Alpine skiiers, could openly accept fees won in competition. But because the Games do exist, these athletes must maintain the sham of amateurism in order to remain eligible to win Olympic medals that could form the basis for fees they can demand under the table at European track and field meets or to determine what they can extract, such as from ski equipment manufacturers, for using and endorsing gear. Who knows what the American boycott of the 1980 Olympics in Moscow might have cost Rodgers?
Tennis and golf, once dominated by amateurs, had little trouble converting to ''open'' competition because neither is an Olympic sport (though tennis once was more than a half-century ago and will be again, in 1988 at Seoul, South Korea). Wimbledon, for example, opened its competitions to both professional and amateur players, offering prize money and ending the rampant ''shamateurism'' within tennis.
The enterprising few stars in track and field and skiing are not reason enough for theirs and the other Olympic disciplines to be forced to go the way of Wimbledon. The restrictive reactions against these few sports has already hurt athletes in other Olympic sports, but despite the wailing about Olympic hypocrisy it should be noted that the Games are still primarily the property of the amateurs in lesser-known sports such as cycling, fencing, field hockey and speed skating. Without the Olympics, these athletes would never have their international moment.
How many of us would have the slightest interest in or knowledge of speed skating if it weren't for Eric Heiden's performances at the Lake Placid Olympics in 1980?
Of course, any competitor has the right to create as much income as is possible by means of his or her athletic talent; but why criticize the Olympic Games, as has been done, for not changing the rules to accommodate them? If athletes condemn the Games and their standards, they have the right to ignore them, which they won't do because medals won are so helpful in establishing a financial base.
On the other hand the International Olympic Committee recently acted to alleviate the discriminatory aspects of their rules that place varying financial pressures on amateur athletes, depending on their sport. After conferring with representatives from the 147 Olympic nations at the 11th Olympic Congress at Baden-Baden, West Germany, last September, the I.O.C. told the 26 international sporting federations who compete in the Games to set definitions of amateurism for themselves, according to each federation's needs, which would also be applied to Olympic eligibility.
The action expanded on the present rules and sanctified what had already been applied by several federations on their own. The I.O.C. will collect each set of rules, and if those rules set within certain broad limits (no prize money) athletes can receive liberal, though not unlimited, subsidization while training and competing.
The wisdom of allowing each federation to establish its own requirement lies in the diversity of fund-raising capability within amateur sporting federations. In the United States the ski team organizers are the best at funding, raising about $2 million through corporate sponsorships and city-organized fund-raisers each year to cover a $1.7 million budget. Gymnastics, basketball or figure skating events can fill arenas to collect the concomitant gate and television receipts.
However, less popular sports, such as fencing, have very little fund-raising capacity with which they can add to the relatively inadequate $100,000 or less they receive each year from the United States Olympic Committee. Before the U.S.O.C. money was made available a few years ago, the fencers who went to international championships were not necessarily our national champions but were those who could afford to pay most of their own way abroad.
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ALBERTO SALAZAR, winner of the 1981 New York City Marathon, has said: ''I make no bones about it. I make my living off running.'' Under-the-table prizes for top finishers in last month's marathon have been reported at $14,000 to the winner and $8,000 to the first woman across the line. Bill Rodgers, a four-time winner of the race is reported to earn about $250,000 a year, including income from his running-related sporting goods stores. Fred Lebow, the race's director and president of the New York Road Runners Club, has said that the club purchased $10,000 worth of running clothes from Rodgers's firm before last year's race and that Rodgers was paid $5,000 for each of a series of personal appearances related to the event.
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SADAT'S SUCCESSOR INVITED BY REAGAN TO VISIT U.S. IN '82
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WASHINGTON, Oct. 8— President Reagan today invited Egypt's new leader, Hosni Mubarak, to visit the United States next year, and the three living former American Presidents departed to attend the funeral of Anwar el-Sadat.
Mr. Reagan greeted the three -Jimmy Carter, Gerald R. Ford and Richard M. Nixon - when they arrived on the South Lawn of the White House by helicopter at dusk.
In what White House aides said was probably the largest gathering of American chief executives in recent years, they conferred for half an hour before the former Presidents left for Andrews Air Force Base to begin the 12-hour flight to Cairo.
Their departure at 7:47 P.M. brought to a close a day filled with tributes to Mr. Sadat and with efforts to shore up the Government of his designated successor, Vice President Mubarak. Part of that effort was the invitation to Mr. Mubarak, extended in a White House meeting with Ambassador Ashraf Ghorbal of Egypt, to whom the President also spoke of his personal feelings about Mr. Sadat.
No Comment on Reported Clashes
In an apparent effort to signal hope for the stability of the new Egyptian Government, a White House spokesman, David R. Gergen, declined to comment on reports of clashes in the town of Asyut.
In the incidents, in which several people were killed, the police clashed with Moslem fundamentalists who had been marching in defiance of a ban on public gatherings, including prayer meetings oustide mosques. (Page A10.)
Adding to the tension was a report from officials here that Libyan and Egyptian forces along their border had been placed on ''high alert'' after the death of Mr. Sadat. (Page A11.)
The former Presidents, along with Mr. Carter's wife, Rosalynn, arrived at the White House at 6:52 P.M. They were met by Mr. and Mrs. Reagan and by several hundred White House employees who burst into applause as Mr. Carter stepped from the helicopter with a salute to the Marine guard. The applause mounted when Mr. Ford and finally Mr. Nixon deplaned, as each of them had many times in their Presidencies.
Over cocktails in the Blue Room, according to a White House spokesman, Mr. Ford and Mr. Nixon told Mr. Reagan that he was wise not to go to Cairo.
Mr. Reagan, lifting his glass in a toast to his three predecessors, said, ''Ordinarily, I would wish you happy landing, but you're all Navy men so I wish you bon voyage.''
Standing in a circle that also included Vice President Bush, the five men talked of Mr. Sadat and paid tribute to his memory. Later, just after darkness fell, they returned to the South Lawn, followed by Mrs. Carter in a dark raincoat and Mrs. Reagan in a bright red one.
As the former Presidents listened in silence, Mr. Reagan thanked them for undertaking the mission of representing the United States at the funeral, then spoke again of Mr. Sadat. At the end of the tribute, Mr. Reagan's eyes appeared to glisten with tears. ''Anwar Sad at, a man of peace in a time of violence, understood hisage,'' Mr. Re agan said. ''In his final moments, he, as he had all during his da ys, stood in defiance of the enemies of peace, the enemies of hu manity.'' Reagan Addresses Sadat's Foes
Then, addressing those he called enemies of peace ''who rejoice in the death of Anwar Sadat,'' Mr. Reagan added: ''In life, you feared Anwar Sadat, but in death you must fear him more. For the memory of this good and brave man will vanquish you. The meaning of his life and the cause for which he stood will endure and triumph.''
The invitation to Mr. Mubarak was extended by Mr. Reagan after Parliament yesterday selected the Vice President to succeed Mr. Sadat, subject to a referendum in which Mr. Mubarak will be the only candidate.
In extending his invitation through Ambassador Ghorbal, Mr. Re agan said that the United States' relationship wit h Egypt ''is from nationto nation,'' an affirmation that Mr. Sadat's death would not weaken ties between the countries.
As Mr. Reagan and Ambassador Ghorbal sat in wing chairs near the fireplace in the President's office, speaking softly, Mr. Reagan, who was wounded in an assassination attempt on March 30, told of his reaction to the slaying of Mr. Sadat on Tuesday.
''I think just depression settles on me,'' he said. ''You get busy and do something and then it comes back again. It's a tragedy. How useless. How senseless.''
As Secretary of State Alexander M. Haig, Jr. and Richard V. Allen, the national security adviser, looked on, Mr. Reagan gave Mr. Ghorbal a color photograph taken during Mr. Sadat's visit to Washington in August. Mr. Haig will lead the delegation to the funeral. He is the senior official making the journey, which security agencies said was too risky for Mr. Reagan and Vice President Bush.
Mr. Ghorbal later said about his talk with Mr. Reagan: ''He was very kind to reminisce over the recent visit of President and Mrs. Sadat. He assured me that the relationship, solid as it is, will continue to grow.''
The four top Congressional leaders decided against attending the funeral. A White House spokesman said that Speaker Thomas J. O'Neill Jr. was committed to attend the christening of a grandson this weekend and Senator Howard H. Baker Jr., the majority leader, had an injured leg. The White House did not say why Representative Robert H. Michel, the House minority leader, and Senator Robert C. Byrd, the Senate minority leader, were not going.
Administration officials making the trip include Defense Secretary Caspar W. Weinberger, Jeane J. Kirkpatrick, the delegate to the United Nations, and Gen. Edward C. Meyer, Army Chief of Staff.
The group also includes Henry A. Kissinger, Secretary of State in the Nixon and Ford Administrations, and Jody Powell, President Carter's press secretary.
Another member of the delegation is Sam Brown, a 14-year-old from Liberty, S. C., who spent a week in Egypt in 1979 after a letter he wrote to Mr. Sadat resulted in an invitation from the Egyptian leader.
Later the White House said Stevie Wonder, the singer, would also be included. Mr. Wonder is the only black in the delegation. Representative Mervyn Dymally, Democrat of California, had asked that Mr. Wonder be included, calling him a messenger of peace through his music.
Illustrations: photo of Nefisa Sadat mourning her brother in Mit Abul Kom (page A11) photo of Reagan with Nixon, Carter and Ford at White House
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President Reagan today invited Egypt's new leader, Hosni Mubarak, to visit the United States next year, and the three living former American Presidents departed to attend the funeral of Anwar el-Sadat. Mr. Reagan greeted the three -Jimmy Carter, Gerald R. Ford and Richard M. Nixon - when they arrived on the South Lawn of the White House by helicopter at dusk. In what White House aides said was probably the largest gathering of American chief executives in recent years, they conferred for half an hour before the former Presidents left for Andrews Air Force Base to begin the 12-hour flight to Cairo. Their departure at 7:47 P.M. brought to a close a day filled with tributes to Mr. Sadat and with efforts to shore up the Government of his designated successor, Vice President Mubarak. Part of that effort was the invitation to Mr. Mubarak, extended in a White House meeting with Ambassador Ashraf Ghorbal of Egypt, to whom the President also spoke of his personal feelings about Mr. Sadat.
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Votes in Congress - Last Week's Tally for the Metropolitan Area - NYTimes.com
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20150524081021
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1. Motion to table amendment to remove $7 million for research on the MX missile, passed, 79 to 15, April 7.
2. Motion to drop amendment to prohibit use of funds for the reactivation of the battleship New Jersey, passed, 69 to 23, April 7.
3. Bill promoting the formation of United States export trading companies to expand export participation by small United States companies, passed, 93 to 0, April 8.
4. Amendment to drop a pilot program of grants to small businesses not previously involved in exporting to pay up to one-half the salary of export managers for one year to assist in entering export markets, passed, 68 to 25, April 8.
5. Motion to drop amendment reducing from $10 million to $5 million for the Economic Development Administration and the Small Business Administration to support loans or loan guarantees for export trading companies, passed, 55 to 38, April 8. 1 2 3 4 5 NEW YORK D'Amato (R) Y Y Y Y N Moynihan (D) Y Y Y N Y NEW JERSEY Bradley (D) Y A A A A Williams (D) A A A A A CONNECTICUT Dodd (D) N N Y N N Weicker (R) N N Y Y N House
No Votes KEY Y - ''yea''; N - ''nay''; A - absent or did not vote.
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Senate 1. Motion to table amendment to remove $7 million for research on the MX missile, passed, 79 to 15, April 7.
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MAIL KEEPS COMING TO EX-CONGRESSMEN
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20150524081158
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WASHINGTON, May 9— Some people just have not got the message that there have been some changes in the United States Congress. Six months ago, 44 members of Congress were voted out of office, but former legislators are still being inundated with mail from departments and agencies of the Federal Government as well as from former constituents who seem unaware that ''their Congressman'' is no longer in office.
''Tells you something about the way the Government is run,'' muttered Gaylord Nelson, former Democratic Senator from Wisconsin, as he rummaged through a pile of mail from such Federal agencies as the Small Business Administration, the Department of Energy and the Internal Revenue Service, all addressed to ''Honorable Gaylord Nelson, United States Senate.''
''I got an inch-thick report on something from Commerce the other day,'' he said. ''For Pete's sake, you'd think they'd update their mailing lists. I hope they aren't still sending stuff to Ev Dirksen or Dick Russell.''
Mr. Nelson, who is now chairman of the Wilderness Society here, receives a weekly packet of mail forwarded to him from the Senate post office.
Included in a recent bundle was a letter from the legislative chairman of the Chamber of Commerce of a small Wisconsin town inviting Mr. Nelson to ''come by and discuss the pending issues in Congress next time you are back in Wisconsin.'' One letter from a high-ranking University of Wisconsin professor asked that ''Senator Nelson'' support a particular budget cut. Another man voiced his disagreement with Mr. Nelson and his policies. ''Thank heaven you don't represent my part of the state,'' he wrote.
Birch Bayh, former Democratic Senator from Indiana, who is now practicing law in Washington and Indianapolis, receives several dozen letters a week asking for assistance and commenting on legislative issues. ''Dear Birch,'' began one recent letter from a former constituent, ''you helped my husband, Earl, with the Veterans Administration. He's passed away now, but I need your help.''
As Mr. Bayh was racing to catch a plane at the Indianapolis airport one day recently, the skycap who was helping with the luggage turned to Mr. Bayh's secretary, Susan Cohen, and said, ''I'm certainly glad Senator Bayh is still working for us in Washington''
''I didn't have the heart to tell him that he was no longer Senator,'' said Miss Cohen. Faculty Members' Ire Misplaced
John Brademas, former House majority whip, who has been chosen to become president of New York University in July, received letters from half a dozen faculty members at one Indiana college in which they expressed their unhappiness with proposed Reagan Administration cuts in aid for social science research.
''I wrote back that I shared their concern but was no longer a member of Congress,'' Mr. Brademas said. In another instance he received a flurry of cards and letters urging him to support ''Reagan's program 100 percent or we won't support you at the polls.''
Mr. Brademas also still receives fliers and news sheets from various government agencies. ''It's really outrageous,'' he said. ''It's as if they never read the papers. I don't really have need for the Department of Energy regulations anymore.''
A supervisor at the House Post Office said that mail addressed to recently defeated members of Congress was still coming in ''very heavy,'' although no count was kept. ''We are still getting mail for Sam Rayburn and he's been dead for a dozen years,'' he said, referring to the Texas Democrat who served as House Speaker three times, the last from 1955 to 1961.
Former Senator Jacob K. Javits of New York answers his mail with a form letter. John A. Durkin, former Democratic Senator from New Hampshire, said he got about 75 pieces of mail a week. ''I answer the New Hampshire mail but throw the out-of-state stuff away,'' he said. Floridians Active Writers
''Florida people are very active letter writers,'' said Richard B. Stone, former Democratic Senator from Florida, who receives as many as a hundred letters a week. Much of the mail is postcards, mimeographed letters and petitions urging action on such issues as abortion, budget cuts and cost of living increases for military retirees.
''If someone writes us with a casework request, we try to interest Senator Hawkins or Senator Chiles,'' said Mr. Stone, referring to Paula Hawkins and Lawton Chiles, the current Senators from Florida, ''but if it is opinion mail, we take a look at it and file it in 'file 13'.''
Mr. Stone is quietly philosophical about it all. ''In a state like Florida,'' he explained, ''name recognition has always been a problem, first for me, now for my successor.'' He paused, laughed, and said, ''In Florida, once a senator, always a senator.''
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Some people just have not got the message that there have been some changes in the United States Congress. Six months ago, 44 members of Congress were voted out of office, but former legislators are still being inundated with mail from departments and agencies of the Federal Government as well as from former constituents who seem unaware that ''their Congressman'' is no longer in office. ''Tells you something about the way the Government is run,'' muttered Gaylord Nelson, former Democratic Senator from Wisconsin, as he rummaged through a pile of mail from such Federal agencies as the Small Business Administration, the Department of Energy and the Internal Revenue Service, all addressed to ''Honorable Gaylord Nelson, United States Senate.'' ''I got an inch-thick report on something from Commerce the other day,'' he said. ''For Pete's sake, you'd think they'd update their mailing lists. I hope they aren't still sending stuff to Ev Dirksen or Dick Russell.''
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TO GET THE WORLD TO OBEY THE WORLD COURT
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20150524081319
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One of the chief weaknesses of the United Nations is its inability to enforce its reolutions even when those resolutions are backed by decisions of the International Court of Justice. The reason for this helplessness is what many nations at the U.N. call an ''abuse of the veto power.''
An abuse of the veto power occurred last year in the case of the 52 Americans who were held hostage in Iran. The Security Council adopted a resolution requesting the release of the American hostages. This resolution was backed by a unanimous decision of the International Court of Justice. But sanctions to enforce that decision against Iran were vetoed by the Soviet Union.
An abuse of the veto power occurred this year in the case of Namibia, which has been held hostage by South Africa ever since World War II. The Security Council has repeatedly adopted resolutions asking South Africa to release Namibia from its military control. The International Court of Justice, in an advisory opinion in 1971, held that South Africa had no legal authority to remain in Namibia and should turn that former League of Nations mandate over to the United Nations. Sanctions to enforce that decision were again vetoed by the United States, Great Britain and France on April 30.
The repeated abuse of the veto power is one of several reasons why the United Nations is no longer held in respect in many quarters. The Campaign for U.N. Reform advocates a modification of the veto in return for some form of weighted voting to replace the inequitable one-nation, one-vote system in the General Assembly. One way to modify the veto would be to prohibit its application to the imposition of sanctions when the Security Council is being asked to enforce a decision of the International Court of Justice.
Ambassador Kirkpatrick says that sanctions are not effective and cites the history of Rhodesia in the 1970's. Certainly they are ineffective if large nations do not comply with the sanctions. In the 1970's, the U.S. Congress adopted the Byrd Amendment, which directed the Administration not to comply with the U.N. sanctions on Rhodesia. That amendment was finally removed, and Rhodesia was persuaded in time to allow free elections in Zimbabwe.
The issue is not the effectiveness of sanctions. The issue is, How can opinions of the International Court of Justice be enforced? If the force of world opinion fails to bring about compliance, economic sanctions are the only practicable way to insure respect for the decisions of the International Court. To impose such sanctions, however, it is evident that the abuse of the veto by the major powers must be contained. WALTER HOFFMANN, National Chairman, Campaign for U.N. Reform Wayne, N.J., May 1, 1981
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To the Editor: One of the chief weaknesses of the United Nations is its inability to enforce its reolutions even when those resolutions are backed by decisions of the International Court of Justice. The reason for this helplessness is what many nations at the U.N. call an ''abuse of the veto power.'' An abuse of the veto power occurred last year in the case of the 52 Americans who were held hostage in Iran. The Security Council adopted a resolution requesting the release of the American hostages. This resolution was backed by a unanimous decision of the International Court of Justice. But sanctions to enforce that decision against Iran were vetoed by the Soviet Union.
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CALIFORNIA ANTICRIME PLAN BARELY CLEARS FIRST HURDLE
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20150524081708
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SAN FRANCISCO, May 12— A proposal by Gov. Edmund G. Brown Jr. to finance an anticrime drive through a tax increase barely cleared its first hurdle in an Assembly committee today.
Central to the Governor's 14-point program is raising money to build more prisons and county jails. With new laws that require longer prison sentences, he said, the state is ''literally mandating increased imprisonment in nonexisting jails.''
Mr. Brown has also urged that the law prohibiting convicted felons from possessing guns be extended to those who have committed violent misdemeanors and those convicted of serious crimes as juveniles.
In addition, he wants a constitutional amendment that would permit judges to consider public safety in setting bail and suggests that juvenile second offenders who are 18 years old be sent to prison rather than to juvenile detention centers. He has also urged that mentally disordered sex offenders be sent to jail rather than to state hospitals. Political Motives Seen
Opponents of the plan describe it as a means of circumventing Proposition 13, a California referendum approved nearly three years ago that drastically cut property taxes. They also contend that the plan is designed to help the Governor's 1982 campaign for the United States Senate seat now held by S.I. Hayakawa, a Republican.
The price of getting the tax proposal past the Assembly Criminal Justice Committee was removing the Governor's proposal to have it voted on at a special election in November. The committee would agree to the tax proposal only if the special election provision was deleted.
Barring a restoration of the special vote, the tax increase that the Governor must support will be considered on the primary election ballot in June 1982, on which Mr. Brown is expected to be a candidate.
Another measure that could pose political dangers for Governor Brown will be voted on at the same time. That is the peripheral canal authorization, which Mr. Brown pushed through the Legislature only to have conservationists collect signatures that required a referendum. The canal would shift more water from rivers in northern California to deserts in southern California. Sales Tax Increase Sought
Last Wednesday, Mr. Brown proposed in a statewide television address that California increase its 6 percent sales tax by a quarter of a cent for 10 years to raise $5 billion to finance an anticrime fight. It was his first general tax increase request since he became Governor in 1975.
Half the money that the state would raise through Mr. Brown's proposed tax increase would be used to build prisons, and half would be used to finance innovative crime-fighting programs, such as streamlining judicial procedures in criminal cases.
The initial reaction here to the Governor's proposed increase in the sales tax is that he will have trouble getting the two-thirds majorities required for approval, particularly in the State Senate.
Republican leaders are opposed to the plan, and State Senator David Roberti, a Los Angeles Democrat, who is president pro tem of the Senate, said that ''the Governor erred in getting into specific legislation.'' Opposed by Anticrime Group
Nor did Mr. Brown pick up the support of anticrime groups. Earl Huntting of Oakland, director of Citizens for Law and Order, said his group would oppose the sales tax increase, as it successfully opposed one recently that would have increased the number of police officers in Oakland. Mr. Huntting called it an attempt to skirt the property tax limit imposed by Proposition 13 and questioned the Governor's reasons for the proposal.
''Why is he suddenly coming out with a crash program?'' Mr. Huntting asked. ''Political? Absolutely. If he weren't running for the Senate we wouldn't be hearing this.''
Critics of Governor Brown's law-enforcement stance also dwell on his appointment of mostly liberal judges, although his appointment last week of Appellate Justice Otto Kaus to the California Supreme Court was well received.
Beyond these considerations, Mr. Brown must deal with major financial problems in California before his second term ends in January 1983.
Last week, the Legislature was told by its advisers that the Governor's proposed new budget was $1.6 billion out of balance. The budget is supposed to be on Mr. Brown's desk by June 15 and to be signed by July 1. Neither deadline is likely to be met.
The state's slender surplus, once $4 billion, will wipe out this year's deficit. Then it will be gone, having been used up to help local governments survive the tax losses that followed the passage of Proposition 13.
After the tax referendum was passed, the state took over some programs that the cities and counties had previously financed from property tax revenues. In the gradual rearrangement of government finance, the state has become the major source of money for public schools, with the cities and counties getting what property taxes remain.
So, with the state surplus drained, something has to give when the budget machinery begins to turn again early next year.
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A proposal by Gov. Edmund G. Brown Jr. to finance an anticrime drive through a tax increase barely cleared its first hurdle in an Assembly committee today. Central to the Governor's 14-point program is raising money to build more prisons and county jails. With new laws that require longer prison sentences, he said, the state is ''literally mandating increased imprisonment in nonexisting jails.'' Mr. Brown has also urged that the law prohibiting convicted felons from possessing guns be extended to those who have committed violent misdemeanors and those convicted of serious crimes as juveniles.
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Books Of The Times
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By John Leonard CORSAIR. The Life of J. Pierpont Morgan. By Andrew Sinclair. 269 pages. Illus- trated. Little, Brown. $15.
OF J. Pierpont Morgan, James Stillman of the National City Bank once remarked: ''But then you see, he is a poet; Morgan is a poet.'' One tends to doubt this. Poetry should not be held accountable for the vagrant romantic urges of plutocrats, even if, like Cyrano, Morgan had a nose problem. That Morgan appreciated actresses and ancient Egypt is, perhaps, commendable. That he seems to have identified with the pirate Henry Morgan, and named three of his yachts Corsair, is somewhat winning. That he suffered variously from rheumatic fever, skin eruptions, headaches, stomach attacks, fainting fits, melancholies and acne inspires sympathy; he sounds like Alice James. That he acquired art and women is understandable. That he managed to die in Rome, after an apparently successful seduction of the 50-year-old Victoria Sackville-West, is at least risible.
But poets are made of sterner stuff. Morgan specialized in silence and Cuban cigars. He punished his son as severely as he had been punished by his father. His office was in the habit of investing, as a private bank, in properties it happened to control as a holding company. These properties were not inconsiderable, including U.S. Steel, A.T.& T., International Harvester, General Electric, many railroads and number of shipping lines. He missed the point of motor cars (Ford) and plastics (du Pont). He was, moreover, an Episcopalian.
We do tend to dream about him. Certainly John Dos Passos did so in ''1919,'' and so did E. L. Doctorow in ''Ragtime.'' A copy of the famous Steichen portrait, which is on the jacket of this biography, used to hang in a place of honor in my bathroom; I am now informed that what looked like a knife in his left hand was actually the carved end of the arm of the chair in which he sat, with his intimidating bulk, for a five-minute snapshot session. His close-set eyes, anyway, were more compelling than what seemed a naked blade or what was obviously a regrettable nose. Dos Passos spoke of ''magpie eyes''; Andrew Sinclair calls them ''laser beams.''
Mr. Sinclair is an English novelist -''My Friend Judas'' and ''Gog'' and ''Magog'' were stylish fictions - who has for obscure reasons regressed to the writing of biographies of the likes of Warren G. Harding, Jack London, John Ford and now Morgan. The regression has not served the cause of prose with much distinction. ''Corsair'' is workmanlike, a box of facts dumped almost willy-nilly on the head of the reader. When in doubt, he settles for a cliche: ''between the devil and the deep blue sea'' is one of many examples.
If we are to continue to dream about this quintessential merchant prince -who really wanted to be Edward VII or ''to have ruled as a Pope in Rome, a Burgundian duke, a Florentine prince or a belted earl in the House of Lords'' - we require much more. A biographer of Morgan ought to summon the energy to speculate, as Morgan unfailingly speculated, in everything from obsolete muskets to French champagne.
Why so little about his mother, who was, after all, the daughter of an Abolitionist Boston preacher? Is it true, as Dos Passos reported, that every Chirstmas Morgan had his librarian read aloud Dickens's ''A Christmas Carol'' from the original manuscript, which, of course, he owned? Is it true that he favored, in birds, the canary, and in dogs the Pekingese? What about the letters of Pliny the Younger and the collected works of Jean-Jacques Rousseau? Was Mr. Doctorow lying to us when he said that Morgan's favorite story in literature was Hawthorne's ''The Birthmark,'' maybe because he thought too much about his nose? Did he meet Henry Ford? Was he, possibly, a Rosicrucian? Mr. Sinclair is silent. An Interesting Mind?
Mr. Sinclair is perfunctory in explaining ''watered'' stock, superficial in his account of the Homestead strike and preposterous in his two-sentence discussion of radical Republicans and Reconstruction. He notes, without comment, Morgan's predilection for comely young men of the Anglo-Saxon persuasion in his Drexel headquarters. He scants Morgan's son, as if he were weary. His principal point seems to be that Morgan had a more interesting mind than the other merchant princes - Mr. Doctorow would appear to agree in ''Ragtime'' - but neglects to prove it. An obsession with the Temple of Karnak is perfectly natural for anyone who can afford to get there by private boat up the Nile.
Granted, ''Corsair'' includes most of the memorable anecdotes. It is nice to be reminded that Morgan - like Jay Gould, Jim Fisk, the elder John D. Rockefeller, William H. Vanderbilt, Andrew Carnegie, Philip Armour and the young Mellon - bought his way out of service in the Civil War. If they had served, think of the libraries and museums and foundations we might have been denied. It is also nice to know that Morgan bought George Washington's sword, along with all that porcelain and the Ghirlandaio.
But Mr. Sinclair is far too sanguine. It is as if he couldn't be sure how much a reader wanted to think about. Morgan, at the Pugo Committee hearings in 1912, felt dishonored and resentful: he had done his best for a country that didn't gratefully acknowledge his superior wisdom. Much unavailing legislation has been written to make sure that nobody else can do as much as he did with his trusts and his arrogance. Nevertheless, we are still surrounded by people with money who believe that money knows better than people. Some poet.
Illustrations: Photo of Andrew Sinclair
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By John Leonard CORSAIR. The Life of J. Pierpont Morgan. By Andrew Sinclair. 269 pages. Illus- trated. Little, Brown. $15. OF J. Pierpont Morgan, James Stillman of the National City Bank once remarked: ''But then you see, he is a poet; Morgan is a poet.'' One tends to doubt this. Poetry should not be held accountable for the vagrant romantic urges of plutocrats, even if, like Cyrano, Morgan had a nose problem. That Morgan appreciated actresses and ancient Egypt is, perhaps, commendable. That he seems to have identified with the pirate Henry Morgan, and named three of his yachts Corsair, is somewhat winning. That he suffered variously from rheumatic fever, skin eruptions, headaches, stomach attacks, fainting fits, melancholies and acne inspires sympathy; he sounds like Alice James. That he acquired art and women is understandable. That he managed to die in Rome, after an apparently successful seduction of the 50-year-old Victoria Sackville-West, is at least risible.
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NORTHEAST OF EDEN - 11 TALES OF SERPENTS - NYTimes.com
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1. I don't know very much about snakes, just that I grew up far enough north in North America that there were no venomous or constricting snakes around, and that if you saw a snake there was no good reason to be afraid. Still, it can't be denied that to most people, snakes are startling -you see a stick but then you see it's a snake. It was startling in the Bible and it's startling on your lawn.
2. In the country, when my cat kills a bird, I tell no one. When he kills a snake, I tell everyone; no one has ever said I should put a bell on him because he kills snakes.
3. New York City is a scary place. One begins to sense this when taking note of the many pet shops selling 60-cent mice, the preferred live food of pet boa constrictors kept by many New Yorkers. ''There's hardly a block without a boa,'' said one mouse dealer. ''It's scary.''
4. G. Gordon Liddy, of Watergate fame, said in his book ''Will'' that he didn't want to be afraid of anything so as to be able to act freely in all situations. However, he was afraid of rats and decided to overcome his fear by roasting and eating a rat. This, like many of Mr. Liddy's actions, though amusing, and all right for Mr. Liddy, holds little promise for the common, fearful man. After all, won't anyone who is afraid of say, snakes, probably be afraid to eat one, even a poached one with sauce? Also, do we overcome our fears, or our enemies, by consuming them or their kind? Nikita Khrushchev didn't say, ''We will ingest you.'' Further, even if you ate one snake, it it doesn't mean you wouldn't be afraid of the next one you saw (or were served).
5. Recently, a small-city newspaper in the Northeast dropped the Doonesbury comic strip over its use of the term ''knocked up.'' The editors published a lot of letters concerning the matter - one, written by a person who was either a master of irony or really afraid of snakes, was headlined ''Afraid of Snakes'' and went like this:
''Sirs: Yes, sure, keep Doonesbury going. If I want to read it or not it's still o.k. I have been reading your newspaper since 1929. I am really scared of snakes. If I see a picture of a snake in any newspaper, I soon burn the paper or throw it out of my house. If I see a snake on T.V. I shut it off.
Lizards, etc., are o.k. If I see a snake two inches long, he takes his road and I take mine.'' 6. My brother, a clothier, tells of a businessman he knew who imported goose down from the Far East to use in the manufacture of ski jackets. The fellow was wearing one of his own products one day when it began to feel askew. He tugged at it - but it tugged right back. He whipped off the jacket, flinging it on the ground - a snake egg had been imported with the down, and had hatched. (When my brother tells this story, he always gets asked: ''What kind of snake?'' ''Did he kill it?'' ''Did he feel like a father?'' ''Did the guy make sleeping bags, too?'')
7. Snakes have no eyelids, no hips, no lobby in Washington (some creatures do!), and little support at home. 8. This past summer I heard of a woman who became distraught upon discovering snakes in her basement. Believing that these snakes were punishment for past sins, she thought to get rid of them by confessing her life's wrongdoings, for absolution, to anyone who'd listen. Different people told me a few things she'd divulged, always sins like ''I was unreasonable with my daughter when she was growing up,'' or ''I was impatient with my in-laws,'' the forgiveness of which just might not drive out snakes, or even reseal a good-sized can of worms.
9. If you have a psychiatrist and you dream of snakes, don't tell him/her about it. The symbolism may give you more things to fear. 10. Not long ago I came upon an unfamiliar term, ''land eel,'' in a magazine article. I consulted an old fellow, a fisherman, about it. ''Land eels?'' He gave me a look usually reserved for tourists. ''Eels is eels, they all got gills. If they have to travel over land sometimes, they're still plain eels.'' When I asked him why anyone would use such a term, he said: ''Probably meant snakes. Some people scared t'see a snake. Some might be scared to write one down.''
11. I was talking to a naturalist from Pittsburgh about snakes and she said there were some dangerous ones in Pennsylvania's Allegheny Mountains. ''Pennsylvania?'' I worried. ''That's close. I just moved to New York State. Are there any poisonous snakes in New York State?'' Her facial muscles shifted and she took a quick long trip - two seconds to another time and place; two seconds back - before replying. ''My husband lives near Schenectady.'' --------------------------------------------------------------------- Rick Rofihe is a writer.
Illustrations: drawing of a primitive with a serpent
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1. I don't know very much about snakes, just that I grew up far enough north in North America that there were no venomous or constricting snakes around, and that if you saw a snake there was no good reason to be afraid. Still, it can't be denied that to most people, snakes are startling -you see a stick but then you see it's a snake. It was startling in the Bible and it's startling on your lawn. 2. In the country, when my cat kills a bird, I tell no one. When he kills a snake, I tell everyone; no one has ever said I should put a bell on him because he kills snakes.
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CHAOS IN THE WINGS
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THERE have been exhilarating discoveries during the past year about the ultimate nature of matter, the destiny of the universe, the structure and nature of the human animal. And yet the new year, beset with relentless economic decline, growing threats of war and other bad news brings little cheer.
If science tells us anything about social trends, it is that things are bound to get worse if they continue to drift out of control. A new United Nations projection says that by the year 2000, roughly 80 percent of the human race - 4.8 billion people - will be living in the poorest countries of the world, the countries deemed most likely to spawn global conflict and economic collapse.
The Pakistani-born Nobel laureate Abdus Salam and many other scientists argue that rich nations must urgently provide the education, equipment and stimulus needed to develop science in poor nations. They argue that the need goes far beyond satisfying the material and technological needs of the poor.
If progress is to be sustained, scientists suggest, the people of a society in general as well as its scientists and political leaders must learn to observe and interpret rationally, and to devise innovations. This process is at the heart of the scientific method.
But the scientific method is poorly nourished in poor countries, and not merely for lack of schools and expensive laboratories. People living at the subsistence level expend all their energy surviving one day at a time, with little strength left for the effort of disciplined thought and innovation.
Malnutrition has a proven long-term effect on intellect. A Massachusetts Institute of Technology project found, for instance, that three generations of well-fed rats remained mentally impaired because they descended from 20 generations of starved rats.
Political theories purportedly based on scientific method do not in themselves seem to insure success. Marx's ideal classless state foundered in Moscow's black markets.
But despite history's failures, an immense body of knowledge has accumulated over the centuries about how masses of human beings react and interact.
Economists believe that controlling the money supply controls inflation; sociologists know that selfishness can be used to actuate people for the common good; market analysts know that the techniques used to sell deodorants also work in selling ideas and candidates.
Scientific game theory and computer modeling are helping to refine and test theories of mass human behavior and to suggest mechanisms for making society run more smoothly. The Pentagon, for instance, traditionally plagued by the problem of communicating its commands effectively at all levels of military society, is using computer models to develop new strategies of communication. The physicist Ilya Prigogine is applying his revolutionary scientific innovations in the theory of thermodynamics to reduce traffic jams, both automotive and human.
But all the tools provided by the scientific method for shaping society entail social control to one degree or another, and in general, people don't like perceiving themselves as controlled.
Up to a point, we have learned to live with some legal and social controls. In an enlightened, self-governing society, in which population density permits a little elbow room, existing constraints may be enough. But there is reason to believe that social cooperation and reason may not operate very effectively in the crowded decades ahead. The future seems to promise a vast oversupply of people and an ever-dwindling store of necessities - a situation that led more than one defunct society into savagery and cannibalism.
Scientific technology, of course, potentially offers a last-resort arsenal of methods a totalitarian government could apply to save the race from itself. These could conceivably include mass sterilization, behavior modification by drugs or surgery and even the genetic engineering of personality traits.
Orwell's nightmare of 1984 has not materialized, and the cooperative efforts of human reasoning may yet head it off. But without some major changes in present global trends, we may find ourselves facing a choice between chaos and a degree of scientifically engineered social control the world has never known. Malcolm W. Browne
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THERE have been exhilarating discoveries during the past year about the ultimate nature of matter, the destiny of the universe, the structure and nature of the human animal. And yet the new year, beset with relentless economic decline, growing threats of war and other bad news brings little cheer. If science tells us anything about social trends, it is that things are bound to get worse if they continue to drift out of control. A new United Nations projection says that by the year 2000, roughly 80 percent of the human race - 4.8 billion people - will be living in the poorest countries of the world, the countries deemed most likely to spawn global conflict and economic collapse.
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ARAFAT SAYS ISRAEL WILL RAID LEBANON
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BEIRUT, Lebanon, Nov. 15— The Palestinian guerrilla leader, Yasir Arafat, said yesterday that he had ordered a mobilization of his troops in Lebanon in anticipation of what he called an imminent Israeli attack.
He made the announcement in a speech to Palestinian students who form part of the military ranks of the Palestine Liberation Organization of which he is chairman. An account of the speech was published in the press here today.
In the speech, Mr. Arafat said he had told the Arab League that the P.L.O. would accept no curbs on guerrilla armament and that he had informed the United Nations of his rejection of a proposal for increasing the size of the United Nations peacekeeping force in southern Lebanon.
Mr. Arafat's statements came against a backdrop of recurring tension in southern Lebanon after three Christian militiamen were killed in a mine explosion last Friday. Threat of Retaliation
Their commander, Maj. Saad Haddad, accused the Palestinians of planting the mine and threatened retaliation. Major Haddad, who leads about 1,500 Israeli-backed militiamen, said as far as he was concerned, the cease-fire arranged by the United States in southern Lebanon last July no longer existed.
Mr. Arafat said recent statements by the Israeli Defense Minister, Ariel Sharon, ''mean war.'' He predicted that the Israelis would mount a major military offensive in the near future that would extend from the port of Tyre in southern Lebanon to Beirut. Israeli troops might also fan out eastward to confront Syrian forces, Mr. Arafat said.
Mr. Sharon has warned that Israel would not stand idly by and watch the guerrillas stockpile lethal arms and fortify their positions in southern Lebanon. He said that the latest guerrilla activity violated the cease-fire.
Mr. Arafat said the mobilization would mainly affect Palestinian students. Under a demobilization after the truce was set up, several hundred students who had been recalled to Lebanon earlier were allowed to return to their universities abroad, especially in the Soviet Union and in Eastern Europe.
Mr. Arafat also referred to the eight-point Saudi peace plan proposed by Crown Prince Fahd, saying that it contained positive elements but that he had reservations about some of its aspects. He said he had discussed his views in talks with Saudi leaders when he visited Riyadh earlier this month.
The P.L.O. chairman said he did not agree that any Israeli withdrawal should be limited to Arab territory seized in the 1967 Middle East war as called for in the Saudi plan.
The plan also calls for the creation of a Palestinian state in the West Bank and Gaza, with East Jerusalem as its capital, and recognizes the right of all nations in the region to live in peace.
Mr. Arafat said a recognition of Israel's right to exist as a nation at this time would weaken the P.L.O.'s negotiating position at future international conferences on the Middle East. ''I told Saudi officials that if I extend this recognition now, what will I be left with at international conferences'' to negotiate with, he was quoted as saying. Soviet-Saudi Link Urged
Farouk Kaddoumi, one of Mr. Arafat's advisers, was quoted as saying in an interview with Beirut's English-language magazine, Monday Morning, that the P.L.O. would not accept the Saudi plan's seventh point, which affirms the right of all countries of the region to live in peace, and, he said, implied recognition of Israel. Mr. Kaddoumi, who heads the political department in the P.L.O., was also quoted as saying that there was no pressing need for the Saudi peace plan to be presented before the conference of Arab leaders that is scheduled in Morocco later this month.
Mr. Arafat said that in his talks in Riyadh, he insisted that the Soviet Union should take part in Middle East peace efforts. He said he had advised the Saudi Government to establish diplomatic relations with Moscow.
The Saudi Foreign Minister, Prince Saud al-Faisal, said after meeting Mr. Arafat that the Soviet Union had a role to play in solving the Arab-Israeli conflict because it is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. However, he did not comment on Mr. Arafat's call for the setting up of diplomatic relations with the Russians.
In his speech yesterday, the P.L.O. chairman said he had turned down a request by Gen. William Callaghan, the Irish commander of the United Nations peacekeeping force in Lebanon, that heavy guerrilla weapons in the Tyre enclave be removed.
A proposal by the United Nations to raise the number of United Nations soldiers from 6,000 to 7,2000 was also rejected, Mr. Arafat said. He said such proposals were part of American designs to weaken the P.L.O.
Secretary of State Alexander M. Haig Jr. said last summer that Washington was planning to build on the Lebanese cease-fire by strengthening the United Nations forces in Lebanon and the Government of President Elias Sarkis.
Mr. Arafat said there seemed to be a concerted effort to reduce the power of the guerrilla movement in Lebanon. He said he had sent a memorandum to the Arab League rejecting a proposal by a League committee that the flow of weapons to all factions in Lebanon, including the Palestinians, be curbed.
The group, called the Arab follow-up committee and made up of representatives of Syria, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Lebanon and the Arab League, adopted the decision here a week ago.
The committee, which has been seeking an end to Lebanon's six-yearold national strife, suggested that a special commission be set up to check arms smuggling via Lebanese sea outlets.
Mr. Arafat said that an Arab League assurance that the guerrillas would continue to receive arms by land from neighboring Syria would be ineffectual in the event of war with Israel. ---- Fire Exchanged in Lebanon
METULLA, Israel, Nov. 15 (Reuters) - Right-wing militiamen and Palestinian guerrillas in southern Lebanon exchanged mortar and automatic arms fire tonight in the first clash since Maj. Saad Haddad, the militiamen's commander, said on Friday that the fourmonth-old cease-fire was over.
Major Haddad told reporters here that the guerrillas had opened fire on militiamen positions and that his forces had returned the fire. The exchange lasted for almost two hours but there were no immediate reports of casualties.
In Beirut, Palestinian commandos and their left-wing Lebanese allies said Israeli forces and right-wing militiamen shelled the Aishiye area in southern Lebanon. A military spokesman for the joint Palestinian-leftist forces said the Israeli and right-wing forces tried to advance into Palestinian and left-wing positions but were beaten back.
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The Palestinian guerrilla leader, Yasir Arafat, said yesterday that he had ordered a mobilization of his troops in Lebanon in anticipation of what he called an imminent Israeli attack. He made the announcement in a speech to Palestinian students who form part of the military ranks of the Palestine Liberation Organization of which he is chairman. An account of the speech was published in the press here today. In the speech, Mr. Arafat said he had told the Arab League that the P.L.O. would accept no curbs on guerrilla armament and that he had informed the United Nations of his rejection of a proposal for increasing the size of the United Nations peacekeeping force in southern Lebanon.
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Transactions - NYTimes.com
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20150524082816
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ATLANTA (NL) - Acquired Brett Butler, outfielder, from Richmond of International League.
Sent Terry Harper, outfielder, to Richmond.
BALTIMORE (AL) Reactivated Steve Stone, pitcher, from disabled list. Optioned Dave Ford, pitcher, to Rochester of International League. PITTSBURGH (NL) - Traded John Milner, first baseman, to Montreal (NL) for Willie Montanez, first baseman.; BASKETBALL DALLAS (NBA) - Traded Bill Robin- zine, forward, to Utah for Wayne Cooper, center, and Allen Bristow, forward. C.W. POST COLLEGE - Promoted Kathy Solano to women's head coach and Pat Lamb-Kennedy to athletic director. DELAWARE STATE - Named Ma-
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BASEBALL ATLANTA (NL) - Acquired Brett Butler, outfielder, from Richmond of International League.
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Maureen Johnson Wed to Christopher Burt Rich
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Maureen Lillian Johnson, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Harold T. Johnson Jr., of Bronxville, N.Y., was married yesterday to Christopher Burt Rich, son of Mr. and Mrs. Robert M. Rich of Birmingham, Mich. The Rev. Steve Fink of the Riverside Church performed the ceremony at the American Yacht Club in Rye, N.Y.
Mrs. Rich is an administrative assistant in the field department of the United Nations Association of the U.S.A. in New York.
Her father is president of John S. Herold Inc., Greenwich, Conn., publishers of services for investors.
The bride is a granddaughter of Ray Henderson, composer of such popular songs as ''Bye Bye Blackbird,'' ''Birth of the Blues'' and ''The Best Things in Life Are Free.'' She is also a granddaughter of Mr. and Mrs. Harold T. Johnson of Bronxville, N.Y. Mr. Johnson, who is retired, was managing partner of Jas. H. Oliphant & Company, a member of the New York Stock Exchange.
Mr. Rich, a graphic designer and artist, was graduated from John Carroll University and attended Pratt Institute. His father is a manufacturers representative.
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Maureen Lillian Johnson, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Harold T. Johnson Jr., of Bronxville, N.Y., was married yesterday to Christopher Burt Rich, son of Mr. and Mrs. Robert M. Rich of Birmingham, Mich. The Rev. Steve Fink of the Riverside Church performed the ceremony at the American Yacht Club in Rye, N.Y. Mrs. Rich is an administrative assistant in the field department of the United Nations Association of the U.S.A. in New York.
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Antiques - SPENDING A WEEKEND DIPPING INTO THE PAST - NYTimes.com
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20150524083042
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STOCKTON A DIP into the past with antiques as the lure can provide an interesting weekend next Friday and Saturday. The First Annual Prallsville Mills Antiques Show and Sale will take place here on the banks of the Delaware River, just north of the center of town on Route 29.
There have been mills on the present site since 1711, when Daniel Howell built a grist and saw mill that took its power from the Wichecheoke Creek. In 1794, John Prall rebuilt these mills, maintaining a grist mill and linseed mill on the site.
The grist mill burned in 1874 in a blaze ignited by a passing wood-burning locomotive. The stone linseed mill still stands, with the remains of a saw mill, part of which dates to the 1830's, a wooden grist mill built in 1877 and a storage building of the late 1800's. A mill was in operation here until after World War II.
Anthony Zega is chairman of the Delaware River Mill Society, a nonprofit organization that seeks to restore the mills to some form of public use. He spoke of the days before the Delaware and Raritan Canal along the Delaware here was built, when the Durham boats would come up to the back door of the mills to load and unload.
''Durham boats were shallow-draft boats made in Durham, Pa., for use on the Delaware,'' Mr. Zega said. ''That was the boat in which Washington crossed the Delaware during the American Revolution. John Prall's mother, when ill, was taken to Trenton in the early 1800's in her high poster bed, complete with curtains - all loaded on a Durham boat, to make the trip downstream.''
This weekend, two floors of the grist mill will accommodate 25 dealers with an array of American country antiques and folk art. There will also be a market selling local farm products and homebaked goods each day.
Only a handful of New Jersey dealers will be there, the rest coming from Pennsylvania, Maryland, Connecticut, Vermont, New Hampshire and New York State.
There will be much old pine and painted furniture and practical and decorative pieces that added color and pride of workmanship to what, in most cases, were simple, hard-working lives.
A hooked rug, made in Maine about 1840, belongs to Kathie James, a dealer from Saddle River, and will cost $600. All wool, measuring 6 by 5 feet, it has a red garland with faded green leaves, centered against a geometric background of reds and browns and bordered in black.
Mrs. James will also bring a corner cupboard in old red paint, about 8 feet tall by 40 inches wide. In original condition, it has wood-paneled doors at top and bottom and a 5-inch-deep top molding with matchstick trim at the top. Mrs. James dates this to about 1800 and the price is $3,000.
She also has a hard-to-find piece, a spit for a big walk-in fireplace. It is 4 feet tall and consists of two upright standing triangular pieces that support a horizonal bar. ''It's of handwrought iron, made in the early 1700's and it was used for hanging pots from or roasting small game on,'' Mrs. James said. It will cost $175.
Alan and Nancy Gilbert from Pluckemin will bring a 6-foot-wide pie safe from Ohio. It is unusual in that it is made of walnut and is dated in the early 1830's by Mrs. Gilbert. It has pierced tins on the front doors and worn gray on old red paint. This will be $1,450.
A rocking horse, over a yard tall, and with white hide covering, will cost $1,350. Mrs. Gilbert thinks it was made in Maine in the late 1800's. Its rockers can be unscrewed, so that the horse stands on its feet.
One of the Gilberts' decorations is a theorem painting that they date to the mid-1800's. A theorem was done with stencils of the main pieces, colored in water colors or oils and done on paper or cloth. This one is a still-life with a bowl of fruit. It measures about 14 by 18 inches in its original gold leaf frame and came from the Jersey Shore. It will have a price of $425.
Bettie Mintz of Bethesda, Md., will bring quilts. Jaliques Antiques of Huntington, L.I., will bring English pottery and porcelains.
Joan Datesman of Merry Walk Antiques in Newtown, Pa., will offer French faience, called Quimper ware, earthenware decorated with colored glazes. The company, in Loc Maria, near Quimper, in France, has been in business since 1690, producing its most noted wares in the years 1743 to 1782. Later pieces were often reproductions. The figural and tablewares that Mrs. Datesman is bringing date to the turn of this century and later.
One foot-tall piece is of three gossiping Breton peasant women in striped skirts and dark blouses, in colors of blue and yellow. This 1930's piece is $300.
A three-dimensional barnyard scene, measuring 16 inches square by 80 inches tall, has chickens and roosters made of real feathers on a wood base with a chicken coop and feeding trough. This unusual piece of folk art, made in the 1920's, was bought by Mrs. Datesman in the Middle West and will cost $275.
Stockton is about 18 miles northwest of Trenton on the Delaware. Hours for the antiques show are 11 A.M. to 8:30 P.M. on Friday and 11 A.M. to 6 P.M. on Saturday. Admission is $3 ($2.50 for senior citizens). Events Calendar
Today - Antique fire apparatus show and muster at the Victorian Wheaton Village, 10th and G Streets, Millville, in South Jersey. Fire engines built up to 1955 will be on display; demonstrations of oldtime firefighting methods. Swap-and-sell flea market of fire apparatus parts and fire department memorabilia. Hours: 10 A.M. to 5 P.M. General admission -$3.50; $7.50 for two parents and children (children under 5 free); $2.50 for the elderly - includes Museum of American Glass, glassblowing demonstrations, train ride and medicine show. Wheaton Village open 10 A.M -5 P.M. seven days a week. Information: (609) 825-6800.
Wednesday through Saturday -Nostalgia show. Antiques and collectible, Paramus Park Mall, Route 17 north of Route 4, Paramus. Glass repairs and doll hospital. Hours: 10 A.M. to 9:30 P.M. Free admission.
Saturday and next Sunday - Antiques show and sale, County College of Morris, Route 10 and Center Grove Road, Randolph. Seventy-five dealers. Sponsored by Millbrook Fire Department Engine Co. No. 2 Ladies Auxiliary. Hours: Saturday, noon to 9 P.M., Sunday, noon to 6 P.M. Admission, $2.50.
Antiques show and sale, Woodcliff Lake Hilton Inn, Chestnut Ridge Road, Woodcliff Lake. Sixty dealers. Hours: Saturday 11 A.M. to 10 P.M., Sunday, 11 A.M. to 6 P.M. Admission, $2.50.
Illustrations: photo of photos of antiques of americana
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STOCKTON A DIP into the past with antiques as the lure can provide an interesting weekend next Friday and Saturday. The First Annual Prallsville Mills Antiques Show and Sale will take place here on the banks of the Delaware River, just north of the center of town on Route 29. There have been mills on the present site since 1711, when Daniel Howell built a grist and saw mill that took its power from the Wichecheoke Creek. In 1794, John Prall rebuilt these mills, maintaining a grist mill and linseed mill on the site.
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Environews - ILLEGAL DUMPING - NYTimes.com
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20150524083054
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THREE garbage-hauling corporations awaiting trial on state charges of conspiring to manipulate the garbage industry in northern New Jersey also are among those accused last week by the Hackensack Meadowlands Development Commission of illegally dumping refuse there.
According to Robert C. Grant, a spokesman for the commission, Haulaway Inc. of Hoboken, Louis Pinto of Montville and the Five Brothers Carting Company of New York were among 17 companies cited by the commission for alleged illegal dumping.
Another concern, Browning Ferris Inc., is under indictment for its operations in Elizabeth. The company's Fairfield operation was cited by the commission last week along with the 16 others.
A check of the commission's list last week with the indictment showed that the three companies, and Browning Ferris's Elizabeth business, were among 52 individuals and corporations of the Trade Waste Association of New Jersey indicted last October.
They were charged by the Attorney General's office with criminal bid rigging and conspiracy to fix fees and to otherwise manipulate the garbage industry. A trial is expected this fall.
A spokesman for the Attorney General's office said last week that injunctions and maximum civil penalties would be sought against the 17 haulers from New Jersey and New York who, despite written warnings, had continued to dump illegally in the Hackensack Meadowlands.
''The action so far,'' said Richard F. Engel, a Deputy Attorney General assigned to environmental matters, ''has been a notice to these companies that they are in violation.''
''Now,'' he said, ''there will be a lawsuit to enforce the state statute and the Hackensack Meadowlands master plan. We'll be asking for the maximum penalties, $25,000 a day.''
Although state and commission officials have long known about the dumping, it was not until a month ago that they realized its extent. At that time, the commission's garbage baler began full-scale operations here, receiving refuse from municipalities in Hudson and Passaic Counties.
But, according to Mr. Grant, instead of the maximum of 2,000 tons a day, the machine was being overloaded with 3,500 tons a day. Garbage that had been deposited in the baler was sifted by commission employees to determine its origin, Mr. Grant said. The commission went to court last October and obtained an injunction barring more than two dozen out-of-state haulers from dumping in the Meadowlands.
A special committee of the Assembly, under the leadership of Raymond Lesniak, Democrat of Elizabeth, will hold hearings next month on the relationship between organized crime and the garbage industry. Mr. Lesniak has drafted two bills, both of which seek to curtail the involvement of organized crime in municipal bidding. Toxic-Agent Auction
Top security agents of the Lakehurst Naval Air Engineering Center were on hand recently when the Department of Defense auctioned 1,045 gallons of 2,4,5-T, a component of Agent Orange.
According to Nick Grand, a spokesman for the naval center, Herbert Millstone, a contractor from Warrington, Pa., submitted the high bid of $5,501 for 19 drums of the herbicide. As of last week, however, the drums were still in storage at adjacent Fort Dix. Mr. Grand said that there was some confusion as to whether Mr. Millstone was qualified to receive the pesticide.
''First,'' Mr. Grand said, Mr. Millstone ''said he was going to resell it to a chemical company and the company said it didn't know him and didn't want the stuff. Then he said he was going to sell it to a friend.''
Mr. Grand said that the Defense Department would require the successful bidder ''to fill out another end-use certificate.'' Published reports in the last few weeks have disclosed that requirements are lax in the sale of hazardous chemicals and some reports have mentioned the objections of a group known as Agent Orange Victims of New Jersey.
The group is part of a nationwide movement of veterans who say their exposure to the herbicide in Vietnam has caused long-term illnesses in them and birth defects in their children.
Steve Carfera, an environmental specialist with the state's Department of Environmental Protection, said last week that a check with the Department of Defense and the Federal Environmental Protection Agency showed that ''based on the regulations that are in place now, the sales are legal.''
''There is a check of records by the Department of Defense,'' Mr. Carfera said, ''But how far beyond that they go I couldn't say.'' Mr. Carfera also said that the sale of used transformers containing polychlorinated biphenyls at military bases in New Jersey and elsewhere was made only to licensed persons. However, a spokesman for the Military Ocean Terminal in Bayonne, where transformers will be sold Wednesday, said that ''anybody'' could buy them and that no license was required.
Fines of $1.1 million have been levied by the state's Department of Environmental Protection against polluters in the first seven months of this year. Thomas A. Pluta, acting chief of the D.E.P.'s Bureau of Enforcement, said last week that most of the fines resulted from garbage and hazardous waste violations.
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THREE garbage-hauling corporations awaiting trial on state charges of conspiring to manipulate the garbage industry in northern New Jersey also are among those accused last week by the Hackensack Meadowlands Development Commission of illegally dumping refuse there. According to Robert C. Grant, a spokesman for the commission, Haulaway Inc. of Hoboken, Louis Pinto of Montville and the Five Brothers Carting Company of New York were among 17 companies cited by the commission for alleged illegal dumping. Another concern, Browning Ferris Inc., is under indictment for its operations in Elizabeth. The company's Fairfield operation was cited by the commission last week along with the 16 others. A check of the commission's list last week with the indictment showed that the three companies, and Browning Ferris's Elizabeth business, were among 52 individuals and corporations of the Trade Waste Association of New Jersey indicted last October.
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HUGH LEONARD'S DALKEY
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HUGH LEONARD, the Irish playwright, is the author of ''Da'' and ''A Life.'' By HUGH LEONARD
S oon after I had ended a 10-year exile and returned to my native Dalkey, I wrote a television play called ''The Virgins'' - an account of the exploits of three male celibates of this parish. In our town a secret is a crime against nature, and a few days before the transmission date one of the three lifted his face from the surface of a pint of Guinness and said to the barman, ''I hear tell that Leonard has put the lads and me into a play on the goggle-box.''
The barman, who already knew but has the cunning of a papal nuncio, merely looked astonished and said, ''Do you tell me?'' ''True as God, next Sunday they're showing it.'' The man submerged his nose in the pint like a fish that has been too long out of water. When next heard his voice was wistful. ''A pity we'll miss it. Sunday's our night for a jar in Finnegan's.''
He never did see the play. Being a real Dalkeyman - as distinct from a first-generation parvenu or runner-in - he will effortlessly set the world to rights, but is hanged if he will be at its beck and call. Discommoding yourself, he will tell you, is the kind of senseless jack-acting that gave Dinnie McCarthy the bad ticker, and, in any case, watching yourself on television might be classified in the town as a form of affectation.
There is an elderly woman who, whenever she sees me in the town, regards me with such venom that I cross the street. Last week, as I was collecting the newspapers, there was a growling noise at my elbow. She was muttering: ''Look at him, standing there with the cigar stuck in his gob. I know the kick up the behind his mother would give him.'' I am, by the way, 55.
The point of both anecdotes is that Dalkey seems to exist out of ordinary time: a kind of Irish Brigadoon without the mists, the feyness or the tendency to disappear . By rights, it should be off in the fastnesses of Kerry or in a fold of the Slieve Blooms; instead, it is on the southeast corner of Dublin Bay, nine miles from Grafton Street.
A visitor, arriving first in Dublin, will ricochet from the Book of Kells to the mummies in St. Michan's Vault, then go tearing off pell-mell to the lakes of Killarney, pausing to plant a kiss on the Blarney Stone before rampaging through Connemara and ending up at the Bunratty medieval banquet. If his aim is to see all of Ireland, he can do so at a fraction of the energy and expense. A microcosm exists.
You board a No. 8 bus at Eden Quay and go juddering out to Ballsbridge, past the red-bricked embassies and the front gardens where the flowers observe a discreet protocol and the trees blush for a week in May. Farther on the sea is in view, with the hill of Howth across the bay, and if the one-ring circus is in residence at Booterstown a lone camel may be seen, grazing on a patch of slobland. Just up the road is Blackrock Park where there was a production of ''Much Ado About Nothing'' some years ago. It rained, allowing the local wags to apotheosize the occasion as ''Bad Day at Blackrock.''
Another four miles, and Dalkey Hill looms almost apologetically, with its castle - actually an old semaphore station that had delusions of grandeur - perched on the summit like holly on a pudding. The roads are decorously Edwardian. They amble sedately down to the sea, where James Joyce's martello tower overlooks the bathing place known as the Forty-foot, which until recently had a sign saying: ''Forty-foot men only.'' A final mile, and the town is yours.
Dalkey's main, and only, street looks as if it had started out with the best of intentions, like a drunk walking past a policeman. For a hundred yards it is irreproachable, marching as straight as a die between two 15th-century castles; then, perhaps distracted by Searson's pub to its right or The Queen's to its left, it lurches crookedly, tries to correct itself and staggers again. Finally, it pulls up short, dazed by the choice of The Club, The Arches or Dan Finnegan's. There are six pubs in all, which for an Irish small town is eremitical self-denial.
My own local, The Club, has an air of mild bohemianism, except at weekends when it resembles a combination of Carnival time in Rio and Easter Sunday in St. Peter's Square. Even in quieter moments, its conversationalists can be unpredictable. Only yesterday a lady sculptor told me, quite gratuitously, that she had tricked her doctor into giving her a spinal X-ray and discovered that one of her vertebrae was missing. ''Now,'' she said, ''if only I can somehow cod him into doing a brain scan, I'll be on the pig's back.'' At this point, another lady made a flanking attack, told me not to mind that bloody bore and proceeded to hold forth on the merits of acupuncture. Her husband, a jazz trombonist, kept wondering aloud - to thin air and to deaf ears - if Turk Murphy was still playing in Earthquake McGoon's in San Francisco.
Even to my eyes, which are afflicted with the belief that the past is yesterday, the town has changed. The aging corner boys, including my Uncle Sonny, no longer loaf at what was once Gilbey's Corner, their job-shy, begrudging eyes never missing the flick of a dog's tail the crooked length of Castle Street. They have gone to slouch against a celestial wall and spy on God.
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HUGH LEONARD, the Irish playwright, is the author of ''Da'' and ''A Life.'' By HUGH LEONARD S oon after I had ended a 10-year exile and returned to my native Dalkey, I wrote a television play called ''The Virgins'' - an account of the exploits of three male celibates of this parish. In our town a secret is a crime against nature, and a few days before the transmission date one of the three lifted his face from the surface of a pint of Guinness and said to the barman, ''I hear tell that Leonard has put the lads and me into a play on the goggle-box.'' The barman, who already knew but has the cunning of a papal nuncio, merely looked astonished and said, ''Do you tell me?'' ''True as God, next Sunday they're showing it.'' The man submerged his nose in the pint like a fish that has been too long out of water. When next heard his voice was wistful. ''A pity we'll miss it. Sunday's our night for a jar in Finnegan's.''
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MIAMI'S DISABLED FEEL CHILL OF TRANSPORTATION CUT
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MIAMI, Dec. 18— A sad and ugly little fight, a sideshow, really, brought about by budget cuts ordered here this fall, has ended in a draw for Miami's blind people and Miami's crippled people, who could be said to have gone at one another for what little meat was left on the bone.
The acrimony came after the Metropolitan Dade County Commission, responding to a reduction in Federal aid, reduced by half the number of daily rides offered by the local Special Transportation Service, then took up a proposal to change the criteria for eligibility, a proposal that would have given the people confined to wheelchairs priority over the blind. The crippled argued that the blind could take the public bus. The blind argued that the crippled could operate automobiles modified to accommodate their handicaps.
In the end the criteria were not changed. The county put a cap of 500 on the number of rides made available daily and alloted 450 of those to disabled persons who have no other means to get to work and to people who must have transportation to medical facilities three or more times a week. This left one of the largest concentrations of the nation's disabled with 50 rides, or 25 round trips, up for grabs each day.
If any good came of all the shouting, social workers in Miami suggest, it is that those few who heard some of the bitter testimony must have come away with a graphic understanding of what it is like to be old, infirm and poor here in the sunshine at the very end of the International Year of the Disabled. 'Can't You Read?'
A blind woman told of giving a neighbor $2 to buy some food and getting three cheap cans of soup and no change. A man in a wheelchair said he nearly starved before being found by church members. A blind man said he could not distinguish between the sound of a bus and the sound of a truck, and that as a result he kept flagging down tractor-trailers. When he did get a bus, and asked the driver the number, often as not he was greeted with a sharp, ''Can't you read?''
''My feeling is before all this is over we're going to have a lot of old people dead in their homes,'' said Rosalind Doscher, a unit supervisor for the Florida Division of Blind Services. ''Right now it's a dreadful situation. These people are totally dependent on the resources of the community. Without transportation they can't get food, they can't get to the doctor. We have people calling up crying. We have people calling up threatening suicide. It's a disaster.''
The State Office of Vocational Rehabilitation estimates there are 262,000 disabled persons in Dade, a county of 1.6 million. For its part, Dade recognized earlier than most urban areas that it had to do something to help the handicapped get around. When the United States Department of Transportation required in 1978 that 3.5 percent of Federal funds going to the nation's transit systems be spent toward accommodating the handicapped, Dade was already spending $2 million, or nearly five times the percentage required, on its Special Transportation Service. Dade Is Different
Even with the service's budget slashed this year from $2.1 million to $1.5 million, the county is still well above its Federal requirement of a $402,000 expenditure for services to the handicapped. An informal survey of other urban transit systems, from Orange County, Calif., to Atlanta, turned up none with a service for the disabled as extensive as Dade's, nor, apparently, any need for one. What makes Dade's needs different, it seems, is that old people of little means move here in droves. When they become feeble, there isn't a relative around to help and the neighbor next door, likely as not, is in the same shape.
Marta Carluch, a counselor with the state Division of Blind Services, has a caseload of 600 blind Miamians. ''Lately it's terrible,'' she said in an interview. ''It's so sad. They're very scared. Some people just sit down and cry and hold on to me. They don't want me to go. They don't get to talk to anybody.''
Miss Carluch, who drives her clients to appointments in her off hours and spends Saturdays encouraging civic organizations to offer rides to the handicapped, says that transportation is their most critical problem. Asked what these people did before the Government lent a hand, she and others in her work contend that society was more generous a few years ago.
Along those lines, Sylvia King, director of planning and community services for the Dade County Department of Transportation, said she ''tried putting a person's wheelchair in the trunk of my car alone and it was a very, very harrowing experience.
''I certainly wouldn't volunteer to do it again,'' she said. ''People passed right by me struggling and nobody bothered to help.'' 'We Have a Responsibility
Mrs. King went on to reflect about ''where Americans heads are'' and concluded that ''once we sit down and think about it we're one of the richest countries in the world.
''All of our elderly and handicapped are relatives of someone and we do have a responsibility to take care of them,'' she said. Miss Carluch, out on her rounds, found in a boarding home on south Miami Beach a blind client in his 80's making ready to die. Worth $3,350 a month ago, he was now worth $1,400. He had used $1,950 to prepay his funeral. ''Some people just give up,'' said Miss Carluch.
In north Miami, though, the day ended with a success story. ''I got up this morning at 7,'' said Christina Hicks, ''and I made my coffee and I sat down with the phone and the clock. Right at 8, I started dialing the STS,'' she said, referring to the Special Transportation Service. ''I didn't stop dialing for 29 minutes exactly, when I got through. Thank the Lord, they had a seat. I've got a ride to the doctor.''
Illustrations: photo of Christina Hicks of Miami photo of Frank Stewart of Florida City
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A sad and ugly little fight, a sideshow, really, brought about by budget cuts ordered here this fall, has ended in a draw for Miami's blind people and Miami's crippled people, who could be said to have gone at one another for what little meat was left on the bone. The acrimony came after the Metropolitan Dade County Commission, responding to a reduction in Federal aid, reduced by half the number of daily rides offered by the local Special Transportation Service, then took up a proposal to change the criteria for eligibility, a proposal that would have given the people confined to wheelchairs priority over the blind. The crippled argued that the blind could take the public bus. The blind argued that the crippled could operate automobiles modified to accommodate their handicaps.
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By Christopher Lehmann-Haupt POEMS AND SKETCHES OF E.B. WHITE. 217 pages. Harper & Row. $13.50.
''THIS is a fraudulent book,'' announces E.B. White at the outset of his preface to ''Poems and Sketches of E.B. White.'' We were about to throw up our hands in protest, knowing that Mr. White could never publish such a thing. But then we read on and saw what he meant.
It is a fraudulent book because ''Here I am presented as a poet, when it is common knowledge that I have never received my accreditation papers admitting me to the ranks of American poets. Having lived happily all my life as a nonpoet who occasionally breaks into song, I have no wish at this late hour to change either my status or my habits even if I were capable of doing so, and I clearly am not.'' So, the implication is, the verse in this book will have to be considered fraudulent.
This is very disarming. But I hereby accept its implicit challenge to dismiss Mr. White as a poet. True, there are a few lines here and there I seem to remember fondly from their original publication. From ''Book Review (Malabar Farm by Louis Bromfield)'': Nice fat calves being sold to the sharper, Nice fat checks coming in from
Harper. And from ''Definitions'': The critic leaves at curtain fall To find, in starting to review it, He scarcely saw the play at all For watching his reaction to it.
And ''The Red Cow Is Dead,'' inspired by an item in The Herald Tribune reporting the death of ''Sir Hanson Rowbotham's favorite Red Polled cow,'' while grazing ''in the lush pastures of the Wellow Farm,'' from a bite ''on the udder by an adder,'' is amusing enough: Spread the bad news! What is more sudden, What sadder than udder stung by adder? He's never been madder, Sir Hanson
Rowbotham. But even at his best, as in ''Book Review,'' Mr. White often goes on in the same vein long after the point has been worn dull. Or maybe light verse has been temporarily eclipsed by the lack of anything to be light about. Whatever, there is rather little here that strikes me as successful by Mr. White's own standard, which is simply that ''poetry is what is memorable, and a poet is a fellow or girl who lets drop a line that gets remembered in the morning.'' ''The whole business is, and will continue to be, mysterious, and I should never have brought it up.'' Perhaps not. Mixed in With Poems
As for ''the other stuff,'' the sketches ''with which the poems are intermingled'': These consist of essays from early collections no longer in print; essays that started life as editorials in The New Yorker, in which the ''we'' has, somewhat detrimentally, been changed to ''the more forthright 'I' ''; and an essay or two that has never been published before, including an elaborate and intermittently engaging fantasy called ''The Seven Steps to Heaven,'' about a woman whose husband has died from the frustration of following the New York (baseball) Giants, and who at the end is considering a move to San Francisco to get away from the team.
The best of the prose pieces, for my money, is ''The Door,'' a hauntingly surreal fantasy about the problems of synthetic modern life: ''Everything (he kept saying) is something it isn't. And everybody is always something else. Maybe it was the city, being in the city, that made him feel how queer everything was and that it was something else.''
Elsewhere, in half a dozen pieces, the city, New York City, is evoked with a wrenching excitement and innocence we no longer associate with it in this time of dread. When Snails Mate
''The Gastropods'' gracefully digresses on the mating habits of snails, as only Mr. White can digress. ''The Decline of Sport'' amusingly imagines an afternoon in the future when fans will be following so many contests that the players will no longer know what the crowd is cheering about.
Yet most of the essays seem either dated or slight. The juggernaut of 20th-century civilization seems simply to to have passed most of them by. It is no longer the least bit amusing to read a long and civilized letter to the tax people who have threatened to seize and sell the author's Maine farm over a small unpaid bill: ''The cold frames are ready, and pretty soon you ought to transplant the young broccoli and tomato plants and my wife's petunias from the flats in the kitchen into the frames, to harden them.'' The problem is, we have learned by now that such a letter wouldn't make the slightest difference. In the same way, many of the quiet gestures in this book seem to have been muted by the noise of subsequent history.
When E.B. White's collected essays appeared four years ago, one recognized the enduring quality of his low-key but impeccable craftsmanship. Indeed one was nearly intimidated by the perfect grace of his prose and by his unerring instinct for the meat of the matter. This collection is impressive in a different way. It shows that, after all, E.B. White is only human.
Illustrations: photo of E.B. White
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By Christopher Lehmann-Haupt POEMS AND SKETCHES OF E.B. WHITE. 217 pages. Harper & Row. $13.50. ''THIS is a fraudulent book,'' announces E.B. White at the outset of his preface to ''Poems and Sketches of E.B. White.'' We were about to throw up our hands in protest, knowing that Mr. White could never publish such a thing. But then we read on and saw what he meant.
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AN ANCIENT FEAR COLORS INDIA-PAKISTAN RELATIONS
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NEW DELHI— A senior Indian diplomat was assailing the ''naivete'' of a foreign visitor. ''You simply do not understand the Pakistanis,'' he said. ''I tell you, when I was interviewing the officers we captured in the 1971 war, one after another said they would be back to plant the Pakistan flag on the Red Fort in Delhi.''
And, in Islamabad, an equally senior Pakistani Foreign Ministry official observed, ''I am sure that, at some level, our Indian friends are certain that, deep in our hearts, we Pakistanis are intent upon restoring the Mogul empire. He smiled and added, ''And you know, until the loss of Bangladesh, some of us did dream such dreams.''
Last week, in the latest instance of anxiety and mistrust, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi told the Parliament in New Delhi that the Indian Government was very unhappy about the United States decision to sell sophisticated weapons to Pakistan. The package includes F-16 jet fighters that Mrs. Gandhi thinks could only be used against India. Pakistan, she said, was not prepared to provoke or confront the Soviet Union and the weapons are far too sophisticated for use against Afghanistan. Her inference was clear to compatriots who have fought three wars with Pakistan since the two countries were cleaved from British India.
In Islamabad, Mrs. Gandhi's comments raised hackles among military leaders who contended that India is seeking veto power over the exercise of its smaller neighbor's sovereign rights. Pakistanis believe that India, increasingly fearful of their growing links to the Islamic world, might be tempted to thwart the anticipated arms deliveries by intensifying a war of words and nerves. Subtext on the Subcontinent
The two countries have no shortage of substantial issues for disagreement. Pakistan has long been jealous of India's nuclear capabilities. India is wary of Pakistan's reported attempts to gain atomic parity. And there is Kashmir, whose boundaries and ties are still in dispute.
But much of the mistrust and uneasiness between the neighbors rests in a kind of cultural subconsciousness that predates their independence. To many Hindus, particularly in northern India, the image of the Pakistani is linked with that of the Islamic Moguls whose forces swept onto the Ganges plain from the west in the 16th century, conquering and converting. The majority of their subjects, however, remained Hindus. The memory of the more recent domination by Britain may have obscured the earlier humiliation, but the fear of an aroused and militant Islam is reflected in everyday conversation.
During the recent rioting in Hyderabad between Hindus and Moslems, two Hindus at a teashop in New Delhi were talking excitedly. ''You see,'' said one, ''we let these people live in our country and you see how they behave -they slaughter.'' In fact, India, unlike Pakistan, professes itself a secular state and Moslems, who represent 10 percent of the population, have full rights of citizenship and occupy high positions in government. This, however, does not diminish the nightmares of religious fratricide or the compensatory dreams of revenge. For example, some Indians have been profoundly shocked in the last month by a spate of conversions in which untouchables, or Harijans, the casteless people at the bottom of the Hindu hierarchy, have become Moslems in public ceremonies. The numbers involved in these conversions have been relatively small, not more than a few thousand, but the reaction has been intense with allegations that large sums of money from the Persian Gulf are streaming in to tempt the largely poor untouchables to change their faith. Hindu fundamentalists have organized reconverting parties and are following in the wake of the conversions in the hope of bringing the Harijans back to Hinduism.
At the Foreign Ministries of both India and Pakistan, men shaped by modern customs readily concede that there is little likelihood of renewed warfare. But cultural memory is clearly a factor. Indians acknowledge that a Pakistan shorn of its former eastern flank, Bangladesh, is no longer likely to be quite so belligerent as in the past. But at the same time, they scoff at an outsider's observation that it seems unlikely that a country of 80 million would attack a nation of nearly 700 million that has won their three previous wars. Indian diplomats agree that it is very difficult to conceive of Pakistan overruning and occupying India like some modern Mogul force. They do not, however, rule out a quick, sudden attack intended to seize the Indian state of Kashmir where Muslems predominate. Analysts add that the loss of Indian Kashmir could provoke a bloodbath between the two religious communities. In Pakistan, Foreign Ministry officials agree that India is unlikely to seek conquest, prudently wary of the prospect of 80 million more predominantly poor Moslems to administer. But these same men argue that Indians are driven by a desire to revoke the two-nation theory that gave birth to partition of British India and to create an Indian entity extending to what are usually called ''the natural limits.'' This faith in a subcontinental version of Manifest Destiny is, in fact, frequently expressed by Indians of all levels.
The Pakistanis say their more pressing fears center on the possibility that India, perhaps with Soviet collusion or instigation, might support regional separatist tendencies in Pakistan as a punitive measure. So, while logic on both sides argues for amity and peaceful coexistence, the inertia of mistrust remains strong. The mistrust, after all, is older than the border.
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A senior Indian diplomat was assailing the ''naivete'' of a foreign visitor. ''You simply do not understand the Pakistanis,'' he said. ''I tell you, when I was interviewing the officers we captured in the 1971 war, one after another said they would be back to plant the Pakistan flag on the Red Fort in Delhi.'' And, in Islamabad, an equally senior Pakistani Foreign Ministry official observed, ''I am sure that, at some level, our Indian friends are certain that, deep in our hearts, we Pakistanis are intent upon restoring the Mogul empire. He smiled and added, ''And you know, until the loss of Bangladesh, some of us did dream such dreams.''
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RESTORATION SCANDAL - ANNE HYDE AND JAMES - NYTimes.com
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PURTON, England, July 22— Not for 321 years has an heir to the British throne married an Englishwoman. The last time it happened, there was little talk about the bride's youthful innocence.
The Duke of York, who later became James II, was the younger brother of Charles II, whose reign followed the English Civil War and Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate.
The woman was Anne Hyde, who was born here and whose family devoted much time to ingratiating itself with royalty. As a result, in 1654, Anne, then 17 years old, was made a maid of honor to Princess Mary, James's older sister.
James and Anne met several times during his exile in Europe. The young Duke was quickly attracted to the daughter of a key political adviser to his family. A Written Promise of Marriage
''He gave Anne gladly the written promise of marriage for which she stipulated, and their love was consummated,'' the historian F.M.G. Higham said in 1934.
In 1660, a few months after the document was signed, the Restoration placed Charles II on the throne and the Royal Court returned to London.
Mr. Higham wrote that James viewed his affair with Anne as ''a happy episode,'' adding, ''In the summer of 1660, he forgot it.'' However, Anne did not, particularly because she was pregnant. A few weeks later, she reminded James of the document he had signed. The Duke, who had just had an unhappy affair with a married aristocrat, decided it was best to fullfill his promise. They were secretly married in September, preparing a backdated contract.
In October, the child was born, only to die in infancy. James was King from 1685 to 1688. Anne Hyde, who did not live to be Queen, died in 1671. James and Anne had two surviving children. One ruled as Queen Mary II beside King William III; the other ruled alone as Queen Anne.
Illustrations: photo of the main street of Purton, England
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Not for 321 years has an heir to the British throne married an Englishwoman. The last time it happened, there was little talk about the bride's youthful innocence. The Duke of York, who later became James II, was the younger brother of Charles II, whose reign followed the English Civil War and Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate.
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PARIS REVIEW MARKS ITS 25TH, 3 YEARS LATE
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IT was 1953, and Paris was inexpensive and romantic, and it was possible then, as it had been possible in Hemingway's time, to make writing not only a vocation but an entire way of life. And so a group of young Americans went to Paris, where they wrote and drank and played tennis and sat up all night at cafes, and where they started a little magazine that ran on talent and enthusiasm and a youthful joie de vivre.
That was many years ago, and The Paris Review is now celebrating its silver anniversary with a special birthday issue, which includes a previously unpublished essay on ''The Art of Writing Short Stories'' by Ernest Hemingway, an interview with Rebecca West, an unpublished ghost story by William Faulkner, poetry by John Ashbery, Robert Creeley, James Dickey, John Hollander, Anne Sexton and Philip Levine, as well as an acerbic letter to the editor from Martha Gellhorn that takes on Lillian Hellman and Stephen Spender for their statements about her and her former husband, Ernest Hemingway. A birthday party is also planned for this summer.
The magazine, which has always prided itself on a kind of laissezfaire good will, has never been known for the punctuality of its appearance, and this anniversary issue is no exception. As its editor, George Plimpton, points out, the Review is actually celebrating its 28th year of publication, but because its 25th year somehow ''slid by without anyone raising any hoopla,'' he simply decided to ''designate another year.''
Anyway, the exact dates don't really seem to matter. Little magazines are notoriously short-lived - its competitor Merlin, for instance, folded after half a dozen issues - and The Paris Review's survival beyond two decades remains something of a remarkable achievement indeed.
''It's terrible to think one's been operating 28 years, getting out a publication with only six or seven or eight thousand subscribers,'' said Mr. Plimpton. ''It's the bleachers in Wrigley Field. But after five or 10 years, you almost have an obligation to go on. You get an extraordinary backlog of material - a great novella, a wonderful interview -that you want to share with your public. And besides, I think the magazine's really filled a gap.''
In fact, when the magazine was founded in Paris by Peter Matthiessen and Harold Humes, it represented something of a radical departure in the little magazine tradition. While its precursors and rivals tended to devote themselves to engage political treatises and all manner of critical essays, The Review willfully avoided words
JP 2d SUB SILVER/C14 like zeitgeist and architectonic, and went about trying to publish the finest poetry and fiction of new and established writers. It was among the first to publish such then-newcomers as Philip Roth, Terry Southern, Hughes Rudd, George Steiner and V.S. Naipaul, and the first to publish Samuel Beckett in America.
Some of these writers were acquaintances of the editors; others just seemed to collect around the magazine, showing up at the Cafe de Tournon or Le Chaplain or at Mr. Matthiessen's sunny Montparnasse apartment.
''There was a great deal of energy and buoyancy in those days,'' recalls William Styron, an early friend of the magazine. ''It was as if all of us were trying to recapture the postwar period when Hemingway and Fitzgerald and Stein were there. People like Alice B. Toklas and Tristan Tzara were still living, and there was a distinct link with the past. I don't think we were intimidated by it, but we were going to recreate their accomplishment on our own terms. We were plainly all fledglings then - we had not yet come into our own.''
Animated by a kind of collegiate irreverence perfected by its Yale- and Harvard-educated editors, The Review soon became a requisite stopping-off point for other bright young Americans who were spending their postgraduate days abroad.
Indeed, so many volunteers came and went through its office on the Rue Garanciere that they were soon given collective names: women were called, for some curious reason, ''Apotheckers,'' after the German word for pharmacist; their male counterparts, ''Musinskys,'' after the first of their kind, a Frank Musinsky. Over the years, the Apotheckers came to include Jane Fonda, Lena Horne's daughter Gail Jones and Frances FitzGerald.
Most of the Apotheckers, Musinskys and editors lived frugally on the Left Bank, but they never seemed to want for money or entertainment. There were trips to Spain to run with the bulls; visits to Irwin Shaw in the South of France; and invitations to the Quat'zart balls, those risque costume parties given by French art students.
The staff's Parisian acquaintances were no less amusing, including a poet who tried to drown himself in the precise manner set down in a Beckett story; a painter who cut open a vein in his leg so as to finish his last masterpiece in his own blood; and a very elegant woman - she later married the magazine's publisher Prince Sadruddin Aga Khan - who used to walk her pet black panther on a leash.
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IT was 1953, and Paris was inexpensive and romantic, and it was possible then, as it had been possible in Hemingway's time, to make writing not only a vocation but an entire way of life. And so a group of young Americans went to Paris, where they wrote and drank and played tennis and sat up all night at cafes, and where they started a little magazine that ran on talent and enthusiasm and a youthful joie de vivre. That was many years ago, and The Paris Review is now celebrating its silver anniversary with a special birthday issue, which includes a previously unpublished essay on ''The Art of Writing Short Stories'' by Ernest Hemingway, an interview with Rebecca West, an unpublished ghost story by William Faulkner, poetry by John Ashbery, Robert Creeley, James Dickey, John Hollander, Anne Sexton and Philip Levine, as well as an acerbic letter to the editor from Martha Gellhorn that takes on Lillian Hellman and Stephen Spender for their statements about her and her former husband, Ernest Hemingway. A birthday party is also planned for this summer.
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Art - ART OF 45 'CLASSIC AMERICANS' AT STAMFORD - NYTimes.com
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20150524083618
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THE Stamford Museum and Nature Center has on view through Sept. 7 an exhibition titled ''Classic Americans.'' The show consists of the paintings, drawings and sculptures of 45 artists, most represented by a single work, that Robert Metzger, its curator, has selected as representing the best of the generation of artists who became known in the first half of the century.
Dr. Metzger's primary purpose was to present the work of artists, some of them quite well known, who have never had a full-scale retrospective exhibition of their work at a New York museum. One can only applaud his effort to give recognition to the long and often very distinguished careers, perhaps with the intention of jogging the memories of curators of museums in New York, thus encouraging them to present exhibitions of their own.
It would be gratifying to report that the Stamford show succeeds entirely in such a laudable purpose. But alas, it does not. While there are some quite wonderful works in the exhibition, there are more that look tired and even dispirited.
Let's take the good news first. Burgoyne Diller is represented by a small, untitled drawing in crayon and charcoal that is an elegant, moving, and entirely personal expression. Considering the artist's fine reputation and the real quality of so much of his work, it is indeed shocking to realize that he has never had a retrospective showing in a New York museum.
The sculptor John Storrs is another surprisingly neglected artist. His ''Pieta,'' dated about 1919, that is exhibited here is a powerful and exceptionally refined work. From one side, the viewer sees the figure of Mary, kneeling under a burden that is revealed on the other to be the dead body of her son. The figure of Christ is much smaller and more abstract than his mother's, and it is ornamented by bands of color - red, black and green - that impart to the surface a surprisingly primitive experience. It's a little like seeing Gauguin combined with Art Deco.
In the case of Elaine de Kooning, one can perhaps understand that the career of her former husband, Willem, one of the undisputed masters of Modern Art, has tended to overshadow her own. Yet her portrait of Robert De Niro that is exhibited here strongly suggests that we would all profit from a more thorough knowledge of her work. Out of the mass of energetic, expressionist brush strokes, the subject's head emerges with real power, and his energy finds a perfect counterpart in the activated surface of the portrait. Hanging next to it is one of Mr. De Niro's own works, titled ''Model With Red Screen,'' an almost abstract painting that nevertheless reveals the artist's feeling for the work of Matisse. Mr. De Niro has always struck this observer as extremely accomplished and very close to the highest ranks of achievement. A work like this one makes an excellent case for mounting a full-scale exhibition of paintings from throughout his career.
Would that it were true for the exhibition as a whole. Far too many paintings and sculptures have the air of tired reruns of art acts we have all seen performed before. Louise Bourgeois, for example, is represented by two sculptures that absolutely breathe the air of 57th Street. They are art things, but they have none of the enhancing power of genuine art. The list, alas, is all too long. Even Paul Cadmus, who in the past at least managed to be shocking, is here pretty much of a bore. ''Spring Cleaning'' is the sort of sad work that one suspects means something to the artist but for a more general audience is mute and somehow disheartening.
The exercise, finally, is puzzling. Why, one wonders, go to all the trouble of carting so many works of art to Stamford for so little purpose. Robert Goodenough usually looks a lot better than he does here, and Friedel Dzubas's painting titled ''Skycrest'' is a positive breath of fresh air.
The general level of quality, however, is probably best indicated by Louis Gugliemi's ''Nocturne,'' a perfectly unobjectionable but certainly not inspired piece of work. One gets the irony of the words ''General Motors'' written in the sky, and the painting does have a sort of period charm. That, however, is just about it.
One hates to berate artists who no doubt had nothing much to say about the choice of works exhibited here. Surely they are not as relentlessly second rate as one would conclude from this exhibition, and in fact one does speculate about the reasons for mounting it. The catalogue lists almost 200 people under the title ''Acknowledgements.'' Many of them, for example Leo Steinberg, are figures of genuine eminence, and the viewer of the exhibition is left somewhat bemused at the effects of so much assistance.
Could it be that 20th century American art is now receiving the same kind of blind academic attention that 18th-and 19th-century work has been getting of late? It should not; footnotes seem somehow out of order in what should be alive and moving, and such exhibitions do a real disservice to the cause they purport to embrace. Agnes Martin and Tony Rosenthal, both represented here by fine work, deserve better.
Illustrations: photo of 'Nocturne,' by Louis Gugliemi
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THE Stamford Museum and Nature Center has on view through Sept. 7 an exhibition titled ''Classic Americans.'' The show consists of the paintings, drawings and sculptures of 45 artists, most represented by a single work, that Robert Metzger, its curator, has selected as representing the best of the generation of artists who became known in the first half of the century. Dr. Metzger's primary purpose was to present the work of artists, some of them quite well known, who have never had a full-scale retrospective exhibition of their work at a New York museum. One can only applaud his effort to give recognition to the long and often very distinguished careers, perhaps with the intention of jogging the memories of curators of museums in New York, thus encouraging them to present exhibitions of their own.
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WESTCHESTER JOURNAL
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FRANKLIN, Hancock and Jefferson have been hanging around the Morgan Press in Dobbs Ferry, acting historic but unstatesmanlike. Othello and Chaucer are there, too, but they won't be for long. They're all just typefaces in the crowd, which is moving to Maryland.
The Smithsonian Institution is paying $244,000 for the Morgan collection of antique typefaces, some of which are large wooden letters that turn-of-the-century printers used to produce circus posters and some of which are metal, machined by Austrian immigrant craftsmen after the Civil War.
Going with them will be Mother Hubbard and Jim Crow and all the other typefaces, from Gutenberg to Newfangle, that the Morgan brothers, Douglas and Lloyd, have collected since 1944, when they went into the printing business. Their collection is composed of 3,000 fonts of type, a total number of letters, numerals, apostrophes, periods, ampersands and the like that approaches 4 million pieces.
''It's magnificent,'' said Elizabeth M. Harris, curator of graphic arts at the Smithsonian's National Museum of American History, which has purchased the collection. ''It's one of only two or three such collections in the country. There's plenty in it.''
The museum will house the collection in a large laboratory and storage building in Silver Hill, Md., where experts will begin proofing it for catalogues and scholars of printing's history may have a look.
Lying in wooden cabinet trays, the collection will be driven to the suburb of Washington, D. C., in several installments over the summer by Seth Morgan, Douglas Morgan's 24-year-old son. His first trip in the 12-ton Morgan truck is expected to begin this week.
''In a way we hate to part with it, it has unbelievable historic value,'' Douglas Morgan said of the collection in a recent interview. ''But in another way it's too valuable to keep. We made $140 on the first day the money from the Smithsonian was in the bank.''
Mr. Morgan said that his company made only $5,000 to $6,000 a year from selling photographic reproductions of the various typefaces. About 200 of the most popular faces are available for sale in this manner through a company called Headliners International. They are used by graphics designers for a wide range of purposes, including magazine covers, advertisements and television shows.
''I'm not going to miss it,'' said Lloyd Morgan. ''The collection's going to the Smithsonian, and that's a privilege. I'm flattered.'' Accompanying the type will be a collection of about 1,000 foundry catalogues that tell when many of the typefaces were made and by whom. The volumes, bought by the Morgan brothers on type-buying occasions, are being donated to the museum.
The brothers and their father, the late Willard D. Morgan, collected the typefaces from Maine to Florida over a 35-year period. ''We'd just drop in on a print shop and make an offer,'' Douglas Morgan said. ''Some shops were using wooden type to heat the place. We ran into a shop in Philadelphia that had been burning wood type in its stove for three years.''
The largest type, a wooden Tuscan variety used for old-time circus posters, measures about 24 inches high, Lloyd Morgan said. By printer's measure, he said, this would amount to 1,728 points. For comparison, this article is set in eight-point type.
A font of type, Douglas Morgan explained, can contain the letters A to Z in capitals, a to z in lower-case letters, and combinations with or without full complements of punctuation marks and numerals. Each font, or style, of type contains scores of identical letters, numerals and punctuation marks.
He said that the wooden type was made primarily of pine, cherry, maple or boxwood and the metal faces were cast from a combination of lead, tin and antimony.
Encouraged by their father, the Morgan brothers have been in the printing and publishing business all their adult lives. Since 1973, their corporate home has been the converted Anchor brewery near the Hudson River in Dobbs Ferry. They had been in Hastings-on-Hudson for the 10 years before that.
Morgan Press Inc., a commercial printing concern, is headed by Lloyd Morgan. Morgan and Morgan Inc., publishers of more than 200 titles of photographic art and technological subjects, is led by Douglas.
The lives led by stray dogs and cats in New Rochelle will start looking up this week. They will be living in air-conditioned comfort and fire-protected safety inside a $733,000 animal shelter that was dedicated last Wednesday on Humane Lane.
The 1.5-acre site is owned by the city, which also paid for construction of the one-floor building. The New Rochelle Humane Society will maintain the building and operate its adoption program for homeless dogs and cats.
''It's wonderful,'' Connie Mogull said of the facility last week. ''There's nothing like it in Westchester.'' Mrs. Mogull, president of the Humane Society, said the new New Rochelle Animal Shelter ''will make it pleasant for people to get a homeless animal'' and be a ''good surrounding'' for the volunteer helpers on whom the society depends.
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FRANKLIN, Hancock and Jefferson have been hanging around the Morgan Press in Dobbs Ferry, acting historic but unstatesmanlike. Othello and Chaucer are there, too, but they won't be for long. They're all just typefaces in the crowd, which is moving to Maryland. The Smithsonian Institution is paying $244,000 for the Morgan collection of antique typefaces, some of which are large wooden letters that turn-of-the-century printers used to produce circus posters and some of which are metal, machined by Austrian immigrant craftsmen after the Civil War. Going with them will be Mother Hubbard and Jim Crow and all the other typefaces, from Gutenberg to Newfangle, that the Morgan brothers, Douglas and Lloyd, have collected since 1944, when they went into the printing business. Their collection is composed of 3,000 fonts of type, a total number of letters, numerals, apostrophes, periods, ampersands and the like that approaches 4 million pieces.
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ANTIQUES ON THE PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN TRAIL
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NEW YORK— The more things change the more they remain the same - especially in political campaigns. That, in any case, appears to be the message of ''A Panorama of Presidential Elections,'' an exhibition on view at the New-York Historical Society, 170 Central Park West, through Aug. 31. On view, for example, is a broadside questioning the public morality of General William Henry Harrison, ''Institutions cannot long survive the corruption of public morals''; an 1872 lithograph announcing the candidacy on the Equal Rights party of Victoria Claflin Woodhull, the first woman to ever run for President; and numerous anti-war attacks on military heroes who campaigned for - and frequently won - the highest office in the land. ''History just walks in her own footsteps,'' said Richard Koke, curator.
Dramatized by scores of red, white and blue selections - the sort of flags, banners, kerchiefs, posters and such that proliferate during every Presidential campaign - this show makes it abundantly clear that our forebears possessed an excellent grasp of graphics to have chosen the stars and stripes. It is also obvious that 19thcentury politicians and their campaign aides were far more tolerant than some of us are today, never hesitating to devise some sprightly variations on Old Glory by replacing the field of stars with the face of the candidate and printing party slogans on the stripes. Such liberties are frowned on these days. Many of the objects and illustrations on view are eagerly sought by collectors with politics on their minds, collectors who start with such humble fare as buttons, paying less than $1 for recent examples. Where does it all end? The rarest prizes - a special flag or the memorabilia of a President (Abraham Lincoln's opera glasses sold recently at Sotheby Parke Bernet for $24,000) command well into five figures.
Most of the selections in the show are, however, not absorbed fully in a glance. Political campaigns in the United States throughout the 19th century sparked a flood of witty, biting and sometimes vicious caricatures of candidates. And this is what Mr. Koke has chosen to concentrate on in this presentation. With the exception of some late 18th- and early 19th-century portrait-engravings and broadsides, as well as a program of the first inauguration and an ode composed for that occasion, the bulk of the material in this show dates to after 1820. Some examples spare no punches. Consider the broadside that Andrew Jackson's political foes circulated, showing Jackson wearing an elaborate crown and ermine-edged regal robes, entitled ''Born to Command.'' In it, the politician, who viewed himself as a man of the people, is identified as ''King Andrew the first.'' In another broadside, showing a coffin being nailed down, the death of six men who were executed at Jackson's orders for desertion during the War of 1812 is effectively recalled.
Actually, when Jackson became the first successful candidate who was not from what has since been dubbed the ''Eastern Establishment'' but from the West, political campaigns moved into a new era. Indeed, having Western roots was as much an issue for Jackson as it is now for Ronald Reagan, and there are many selections in the show that reveal this. Then, too, the first national conventions took place during Jackson's second successful campaign in 1832, which increased the particpation of the people -and the number of broadsides and posters - in the political process. That year the National Republicans nominated Henry Clay, the Anti-Masons chose William Wirt and Jackson became the standard-bearer for the Democrats.
It was the advent of lithography in the 1830's that caused the mushrooming of political posters, printed caricatures and all those prints by Currier & Ives. Although many were lauditory, the printed humorous and satirical attacks were far more sucessful, one reason, no doubt, that more of these survive than the tamer ones. A case in point is the 1848 caricature attack on a paunchy and beplumed General Zachary Taylor, hitting hard on his role in the Mexican War in which he led troops to victory at the Battle of Buena Visa. He is shown, bloody sword in hand, seated on top of a mound of skulls under the heading: ''An Available Candidate - The Only Qualification for a Whig President.''
Abraham Lincoln caricatures outnumber those of all other Presidents. The most biting is a caricature of Lincoln showing the candidate being carried on a split rail by Horace Greeley up the steps of a lunatic asylum, promising everything to the crowd of his supporters as he goes. ''The Republican party is going to the right house,'' the broadside reads. Another shows Lincoln ''storming'' the White House while his foes try sneaking in doors and windows, and a third shows the ''Help Wanted'' sign being removed from the White House to let in Lincoln while Buchanan is shown ''packing his dirty linen to leave.''
One memento of the 1872 campaign, a portrait of Victoria Claflin Woodhull, doesn't tell the full story. The Equal Rights' party candidate - a colorful personality who was a spiritualist, writer, lecturer, suffragette, friend of Cornelius Vanderbilt, divorcee and finally wife of a British banker - went to the polls to vote for herself but was turned away, the victim of a period when women only dreamed of getting the vote.
The show debunks the notion used in General William Henry Harrison's political campaign that he lived in a log cabin and drank cider, ideas that figured in prints and on kerchiefs (''His home has 22 rooms and is covered in clapboard''). Later in the century the issues focus on ''protective tariffs,'' or ''free soil, free speech, free labor and free men''; and internal conflicts in political parties. There was, for example, the 1872 campaign of Horace Greeley, a New Republican, who was accused of splitting the Republican party. He opposed Grant, a Republican, with the help of Democrats, as is shown in a caricature under the headline ''The Last Ditch of the Democratic Party,'' depicting a bunch of Democrats drowning at Baltimore (where the convention was held) and clutching the coatails of Greeley who hangs from a tree.
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The more things change the more they remain the same - especially in political campaigns. That, in any case, appears to be the message of ''A Panorama of Presidential Elections,'' an exhibition on view at the New-York Historical Society, 170 Central Park West, through Aug. 31. On view, for example, is a broadside questioning the public morality of General William Henry Harrison, ''Institutions cannot long survive the corruption of public morals''; an 1872 lithograph announcing the candidacy on the Equal Rights party of Victoria Claflin Woodhull, the first woman to ever run for President; and numerous anti-war attacks on military heroes who campaigned for - and frequently won - the highest office in the land. ''History just walks in her own footsteps,'' said Richard Koke, curator.
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CRISIS IN POLAND PART OF U.S. PLOT, PRAVDA CHARGES
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MOSCOW, Dec. 25— The Soviet Union today published the most comprehensive charges to date that events in Poland over the last 17 months were part of a long and intricate campaign by the United States to wrest Poland from the Communist camp.
Western diplomats asserted that the 3,600-word Pravda article by Vladimir Bolshakov was less remarkable for the substance of its claims than for what it revealed about the Kremlin's insecurity and suspicion.
Mr. Bolshakov described virtually every Polish emigre organization, thousands of Polish-Americans who returned to retire in Poland, all the supplies and donations sent to Solidarity and virtually every contact between the labor union and the West as part of a web spun by the United States Central Intelligence Agency ''to undermine the socialist statehood and to create conditions for a counterrevolutionary coup.''
(Asked to comment on the Pravda article, Mark D. Weinberg, the assistant White House press secretary, said in Washington: ''Charges similar to these have been made in the past. There was no truth to them then and there is no truth to them now.'')
Under the headline ''On the Interference of the Special Services of the U.S.A. in the Affairs of the P.P.R.,'' Mr. Bolshakov said the C.I.A. declared a ''full-scale secret war'' against Poland, Hungary and Czechoslovakia in the early 1950's under the code name Redsox-Redcap. After revolts in Hungary and Czechoslovakia were put down by Soviet forces, the C.I.A. made Poland its prime target, he said.
The article did not discuss Gen. Wojciech Jaruzelski's declaration of martial law on Dec. 13 and referred only in passing to ''a number of miscalculations of the leadership in economic and social policy.'' Rather, Mr. Bolshakov's focus was almost entirely on what he described as the ''old plans of imperialism for the restoration of capitalism in Poland, for wresting the country out of the socialist community, above all from the Warsaw treaty organization.''
The intent of the article, whose length suggested high-level approval, was apparently to provide authoritative and detailed support for the claim that Poland faced the threat of a coup by C.I.A.-backed foes of Communism among Solidarity's leaders.
The immediate purpose of such a claim was evidently to justify martial law in Poland, but the underlying theme of a plot against the Warsaw Pact suggested that the article could also be used to justify Soviet intervention if it comes.
''The White House did not conceal that the events in Poland were a subject not only of political but also of strategic interest for the U.S.A.,'' Mr. Bolshakov wrote. An Attack on the System
He said a special panel set up under Vice President Bush to follow events in Poland had received a special directive to explore ways of aiding ''Polish counterrevolutionaries.''
The article concluded, ''Those who are hatching such aggressive plans and conducting a new crusade against Poland under Dulles' banner of 'rolling back Communism' should be reminded that the socialist community has repulsed lovers of such ventures more than once.''
Mr. Bolshakov composed a picture of a concerted attack on Poland's Communist system, manipulated and financed by the C.I.A. and other Western intelligence services and using ''well-organized units'' of many thousands in Poland and 400 centers outside.
Mr. Bolshakov said the C.I.A.'s campaign to create a ''controlled crisis'' in Poland led to the establishment of an organization of East European emigres in 1975 that helped found and finance the dissident Polish organization KOR.
The committees of independent trade unions set up by KOR in Gdansk and Katowice became the nucleus of Solidarity, the article said. Radio Stations Cited
Throughout this period, Mr. Bolshakov said, KOR acted in concert with other dissident groups backed and financed by Western intelligence services, and the activities of ''that whole antisocialist rabble'' were directed by the American radio stations Radio Liberty, Radio Free Europe and the Voice of America. The Voice, Mr. Bolshakov said, broadcast instructions in cipher to the Polish underground.
Mr. Bolshakov described with disapproval the Polish Government's practice of letting Polish-Americans visit and settle in Poland, a policy unthinkable in the Soviet Union, which regards all its own emigres with suspicion.
''Ten thousand American citizens were resident in Poland in November 1981, among them quite a lot of people who were openly hostile to socialism or agents of the U.S. intelligence services,'' he said.
Mr. Bolshakov said that by the time Solidarity was formed in August 1980, the ''antisocialist'' forces had a network able to take control of it quickly.
He continued: ''From the very beginning, the U.S. Administration oriented itself to the counterrevolutionary top leaders of 'Solidarity.' This was done evidently in the belief that the seizure of power in Poland by the 'Solidarity' leaders is a matter of the near future.''
Pravda went on to enumerate what it called Solidarity's foreign sources of support and funds, including the A.F.L.-C.I.O., linking most organizations with the C.I.A. The 400 centers of support abroad secretly sent several million dollars to Poland, the paper said. U.S. Denies Charges Special to the New York Times
WASHINGTON, Dec. 25 - When asked for comment on the Pravda assertion of United States manipulation of Solidarity, Mark D. Weinberg, assistant White House press secretary, said tonight:
''Charges similar to these have been made in the past. There was no truth to them then and there is no truth to them now.'' As to the Pravda assertion of a Central Intelligence Agency program code-named Redsox-Redcap, a C.I.A. spokesman, Dale Peterson, said, ''We never comment on Soviet propaganda no matter how ridiculous.''
When asked whether, as Pravda asserted, a panel under Vice President Bush had been set up to aid Polish counterrevolutionaries, Mr. Bush's spokesman, Peter Teeley, said: ''No. That's ridiculous.''
Mr. Teeley said that Pravda apparently was referring to a special situation group, led by Mr. Bush, that reviews information coming out of Poland and presents its evaluations of it to President Reagan.
Regarding the charge against the Voice of America, the service's director of programs, Frank E. Scott, said, ''We never have broadcast coded messages in any language, and we certainly are not broadcasting coded messages to Poland in Polish.''
A State Department official who spoke only on condition that he not be identified said that the Pravda article contained ''an immense array of falsehoods, hogwash and absolute junk.''
He said that the article appeared to retell history as the Soviet Union wished it had occurred, rather than as it actually happened.
Illustrations: map of Poland and diagram of the situation there (page 8) photo of Warsaw school children receiving gifts from East Germany
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The Soviet Union today published the most comprehensive charges to date that events in Poland over the last 17 months were part of a long and intricate campaign by the United States to wrest Poland from the Communist camp. Western diplomats asserted that the 3,600-word Pravda article by Vladimir Bolshakov was less remarkable for the substance of its claims than for what it revealed about the Kremlin's insecurity and suspicion. Mr. Bolshakov described virtually every Polish emigre organization, thousands of Polish-Americans who returned to retire in Poland, all the supplies and donations sent to Solidarity and virtually every contact between the labor union and the West as part of a web spun by the United States Central Intelligence Agency ''to undermine the socialist statehood and to create conditions for a counterrevolutionary coup.'' (Asked to comment on the Pravda article, Mark D. Weinberg, the assistant White House press secretary, said in Washington: ''Charges similar to these have been made in the past. There was no truth to them then and there is no truth to them now.'')
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RUST IS ALSO A PROBLEM
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The pressure vessel is one of two key parts of nuclear power plants that have been discovered to be deteriorating far faster than expected.
Last week, The New York Times reported that rust was attacking the steam generators at Consolidated Edison's Indian Point 2 plant and 16 other plants, and that long, expensive shutdowns might be necessary.
There are some important differences between the problem of pressure vessels and that of the steam generators. No reactor has yet been shut down because of a weakened pressure vessel, but corroded steam generators have forced four reactors to close for repairs. The steam generators, essentially bundles of tubing, carry hot, radioactive water within the containment dome, and transfer the heat to cool, clean water that travels outside the dome. Thus, if the steam generator leaks, radioactive water escapes to the outside.
The steam generators are expensive, but replaceable, and if their deterioration is closely monitored, they are not thought to present a serious safety hazard.
By contrast, a pressure vessel is such a fundamental part of the structure of a power plant that it could not be replaced for less than the price of a whole new plant. It would take an unlikely combination of events to destroy even a weakened pressure vessel, some experts say, but the consequences could be severe.
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The pressure vessel is one of two key parts of nuclear power plants that have been discovered to be deteriorating far faster than expected. Last week, The New York Times reported that rust was attacking the steam generators at Consolidated Edison's Indian Point 2 plant and 16 other plants, and that long, expensive shutdowns might be necessary.
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By Christopher Lehmann-Haupt THE DISTORTION OF AMERICA. By Oscar Handlin. 154 pages. Atlantic-Lit- tle, Brown. $10.95.
OSCAR HANDLIN, the Harvard historian, calls it a ''passionate and polemical analysis'' of recent history, though it seems more like a furious indictment. But however you characterize ''The Distortion of America,'' a book constructed from a number of Professor Handlin's recent essays that have appeared in Commentary, The Atlantic, New Leader, The American Scholar and several other publications, there is enormous appeal to the exercise he undertakes in it. And I'm not being entirely facetious, for, after all, who doesn't share Professor Handlin's concern for what he describes as America's loss of purpose and deteriorating position in the world today.
First, there's something perversely uplifting about being told that things were once much better. It gives us a sense of standards to be reminded that the United States used to be dedicated to the idea that the world was one, that we were to serve as an example to that world, and that any intercourse we had with foreign countries had nothing whatsoever to do with imperialism. (Professor Handlin makes the point that, by the start of this century, the overwhelming bulk of our foreign investment was tied up in Europe, Canada and Mexico, and that even the small portion committed to undeveloped areas such as Africa and Asia was mercantile rather than exploitative.)
Then, it's reassuring in a way to learn that America's opponents aren't doing very well - that Communism has ''failed'' and the countries that have tried to steer a neutral path have only succeeded in contributing to the world's present instability. Some Gratification
And finally, there's gratification of a sort in locating specific people and events to blame for the major ills that have befallen us - the Israelis, for example, for having unilaterally put Eichmann on trial and thus set in motion the subsequent breakdown of international law. Or those who dissented with our conduct of the war in Vietnam, for having undermined American credibility during the Paris peace negotiations. Or the news media, for having failed to take Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn's Harvard commencement speech seriously enough. Or liberal intellectuals from Walter Lippmann on to the followers of Eugene McCarthy, George McGovern and John Anderson, for failing to keep faith with majority rule and the tastes of the common man, and thus contributing to our present loss of trust in American ideals.
But the real beauty of stamping one's foot and condemning the recent past is that there's not really much you have to do about it. You get the benefit of hindsight. Professor Handlin is a master of hindsight, particularly when he observes, apropos of President Lyndon B. Johnson's conduct of the Vietnam War, ''Only a few years from his death, he sank into despondency,'' as if Johnson knew in 1968 that he would die in 1973. Or where he writes, ''When Abbie Hoffman and the Chicago Seven became cultural heroes in 1968, they not only assured the election of Richard Nixon but shook popular confidence in the judicial and political order incapable of restraining their rowdy antics,'' when many would argue that it was the Nixon Administration's judicial order that virtually created Abbie Hoffman and the Chicago Seven.
You get the benefit of hindsight, but there's not much you can do about what you see. As Professor Handlin concludes: ''There is no turning back the clock of history. The dreams of the 1950's are gone without prospect for recovery. There are no means left to breathe life into the concepts of collective security and international law.''
Of course, you now know what to do the next time there's a Vietnam War to win, whatever the sacrifice; or a Shah of Iran to support, because you've learned to distinguish between a ruler who is morethan-less good, like the Shah, and one that is more-than-less evil, like the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. The only trouble is, history doesn't tend to repeat itself in quite the precise circumstances that permits the application of lessons learned in the past. This, some would argue, is why we failed in Vietnam: because the lesson of Munich didn't work in a complex colonial situation. Pursuit of Possible
So all you have left to do after reading ''The Distortion of America'' is nod, sigh ''How true!'', square your shoulders and follow Professor Handlin's simple prescription for the ''proper employment of the interval'' until ''Soviet clumsiness'' gives the free world ''a respite to discover equivalents'' of ''the concepts of collective security and international law.''
This ''proper employment'' ''demands abandonment of illusions and recognition of necessity, pursuit of the possible, not of the ultimately desirable. It requires also recognition by the free world of its own identity, of the absolute moral differences that separate it from the totalitarian regimes with which it shares the globe. And the time left will be wasted upon those who fail to understand that they inhabit one world with others and must summon up the will to defend values from the past that are still valid for the future.''
In short, let us be vigilant.
Illustrations: photo of Oscar Handlin
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By Christopher Lehmann-Haupt THE DISTORTION OF AMERICA. By Oscar Handlin. 154 pages. Atlantic-Lit- tle, Brown. $10.95. OSCAR HANDLIN, the Harvard historian, calls it a ''passionate and polemical analysis'' of recent history, though it seems more like a furious indictment. But however you characterize ''The Distortion of America,'' a book constructed from a number of Professor Handlin's recent essays that have appeared in Commentary, The Atlantic, New Leader, The American Scholar and several other publications, there is enormous appeal to the exercise he undertakes in it. And I'm not being entirely facetious, for, after all, who doesn't share Professor Handlin's concern for what he describes as America's loss of purpose and deteriorating position in the world today.
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I.B.M. FACES EUROPE ON ANTITRUST CHARGE
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20150524084609
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BONN, Jan. 18— The International Business Machines Corporation, the world's largest computer maker, is girding itself for a protracted legal battle in Europe over accusations that it has exploited its domination of the Continent's multibillion-dollar computer business to hamper competition.
The company is preparing a brief to answer accusations by the European Economic Community's antitrust authority. Company officials in Paris say I.B.M.'s reply will come within the next few months. When it does, the European Commission, the Common Market's executive board, will decide the case. Its decision can be appealed to the European Court of Justice, in Luxembourg.
If found guilty, the company can be penalized in various ways, including a fine amounting to 10 percent of the sum of its consolidated world sales, which in 1979 amounted to $22.8 billion.
More likely, though, the Common Market will seek to negotiate changes in I.B.M.'s business practices, a process industry observers say could be long and laborious. Investigation Began in 1974
Similar accusations have been at the heart of suits brought against I.B.M. in the United States. But the major goal of the largest suit pending against the company in the United States, the 11-year-old attempt by the Justice Department to divest I.B.M. of parts of its operation, is not being sought by the Europeans.
The accusations contained in the European suits stem from an investigation into the company's business practices that was begun in 1974. Though the inquiry was instigated by complaints from various European and American computer companies, the force behind it evidently came from the European subsidiaries of American computer manufacturers that produce equipment that is compatible with I.B.M. machines, such as Amdahl, Memorex and Itel, the defunct computer leasing company whose operations are now run by National Advanced Systems, a subsidary of National Semiconductor.
I.B.M. is the first computer manufacturer the Common Market is attacking under the terms of Article 86 of the Treaty of Rome, the Common Market's founding treaty, which deals with business competition. It is the third American company to be the target. In 1971, the Continental Can Company was ordered to stop anticompetitive practices, and in 1975 United Brands was heavily fined for abusing its dominance of banana sales. Long Battle Is Expected
In 1979, the last year for which I.B.M.'s European statistics are available, sales in Western Europe amounted to the equivalent of $8.8 billion. Compagnie Internationale pour l'Informatique CIIHoneywell Bull, the French computer manfacturer and its nearest competitor, had sales of $1.2 billion. In West Germany, the Continent's biggest market, I.B.M. had installed computers worth $7.9 billion by mid-1980. Siemens, its nearest competitor in West Germany, had $3.6 billion worth of machines in place.
The accusations made by the European Community include claims that I.B.M. abuses the practice of what is called bundling - selling the elements of a computer system as a package to prevent competitors from supplying some of them at perhaps better conditions - and of withholding interface specifications, the computer link-up information that enables competitors to manufacture parts to fit I.B.M. products.
Many observers of Europe's computer market expect a long legal bout, and they are skeptical that it will have significant effects on I.B.M.'s entrenched business.
''I.B.M. is the market leader and intends to continue as such,'' said an executive at a United States competitor based in Munich. ''There will always be the imitators, but by their nature they'll stay behind the original.''
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The International Business Machines Corporation, the world's largest computer maker, is girding itself for a protracted legal battle in Europe over accusations that it has exploited its domination of the Continent's multibillion-dollar computer business to hamper competition. The company is preparing a brief to answer accusations by the European Economic Community's antitrust authority. Company officials in Paris say I.B.M.'s reply will come within the next few months. When it does, the European Commission, the Common Market's executive board, will decide the case. Its decision can be appealed to the European Court of Justice, in Luxembourg.
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G.M. to Cut 1,800 Workers
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20150524084621
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DETROIT, Nov. 25— In the face of a continuing sales slump, the General Motors Corporation said it will cut production at two assembly plants early in January, putting 1,800 more hourly workers on indefinite layoff.
Meanwhile, G.M. said that the number of its workers on layoff without a recall date will swell to 99,000 next week from 87,000 this week.
The increase is a result of previously announced layoffs at G.M.'s Southgate, Calif., Oklahoma City and Linden, N.J., assembly plants, and reductions at plants that make parts and components.
The new layoffs, which will begin Jan. 4, include 900 workers at the Arlington, Tex., assembly plant and 900 workers on the second of two production shifts at the Janesville, Wis., truck plant, said Bruce MacDonald, a G.M. spokesman.
The Arlington plant, which builds Buick Regals, Chevrolet Malibus, Monte Carlos and El Caminos, and G.M.C. Caballeros, will trim production from two shifts making 58 cars an hour to two shifts making 45 cars an hour, Mr. MacDonald said.
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In the face of a continuing sales slump, the General Motors Corporation said it will cut production at two assembly plants early in January, putting 1,800 more hourly workers on indefinite layoff. Meanwhile, G.M. said that the number of its workers on layoff without a recall date will swell to 99,000 next week from 87,000 this week.
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BONN MAY PROCEED ON SOVIET GAS LINE
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BONN, Dec. 30— The West German Government apparently remains committed to participating in the natural gas pipeline from the Soviet Union to Western Europe, despite Tuesday's announcement by the United States of economic sanctions against the project.
A Government spokesman, Kurt Becker, acknowledged that American opposition to the pipeline had taken on a new aspect. But he gave no indication that Bonn, as a result, was prepared to review its role in the project.
At a regular Government news conference today, Mr. Becker said he foresaw no ''immediate consequences'' for the pipeline plan following President Reagan's decision.
And it remained unclear what concrete effect President Reagan's suspension of export licenses relating to the project might have on its completion. The suspension was ordered because of what the United States views as the Soviet Union's role in the imposition of martial law in Poland two and a half weeks ago.
The project, the largest business transaction ever between East and West, has been opposed by Washington for fear that it might increase Western Europe's dependence on the Soviet Union for fuel. This in turn could expose Europe to Soviet economic blackmail, American officials fear.
The pipeline has also assumed symbolic significance in recent months because of growing differences on the question of East-West trade. Reagan-Schmidt Talks
The trade question is expected to occupy a prominent place in talks next week in Washington between President Reagan and Chancellor Helmut Schmidt. The Chancellor, who is vacationing on Sanibel Island, Fla., will hold two days of meetings with Mr. Reagan and economic officials of the Administration.
Like most Western European countries, Germany has refused to curtail trade with Eastern Europe, including the Soviet Union, despite the cooling of relations between East and West following the Soviet military intervention in Afghanistan two years ago and the imposition of military restraints in Poland this month. Bonn argues that growth in trade with Eastern Europe is necessary to maintain Western Europe's economy.
The line is supposed to begin transporting limited amounts of gas to Western Europe in 1984, but there are growing doubts whether the deadline will be met. Industry and Government officials here are uncertain how far the sanctions will affect delivery of equipment for construction of the line. Most Contracts Concluded
Most major contracts for equipment and materials from Western companies have been concluded. The last outstanding contract to be negotiated is for the pipe. This is likely to be concluded early this spring, according to officials at Mannesmann, the German company that is expected to supply a large portion of the pipe.
While Mr. Becker acknowledged today that Bonn had given consideration to a possible blockage of materials by the United States, he also indicated that Germany did not intend to allow such blockage to stop the project.
''If American deliveries fall under the sanctions,'' he said, ''then we must ask ourselves the question, in principle, whether that poses a real obstacle to the project, and secondly, whether the components cannot be delivered by others.'' Possible Indirect Effects
Mr. Becker's remarks were reinforced by the Minister of Economics, Count Otto Lambsdorff, who said in a newspaper interview to be published Thursday that the sanctions might slow completion of the line but would not prevent it.
West German industry officials indicated, however, that more serious problems could arise if the Reagan Administration prohibited American companies from delivering parts and components to European manufacturers supplying equipment for the line.
Several American companies, including the General Electric Company, Dresser Industries and Cooper Industries, supply parts to be used in the pipeline's 41 compressor stations.
---- U.S. to Aid Caterpillar
WASHINGTON, Dec. 30 (UPI) -Edwin Meese 3d, counselor to the President, said today that the Government would do ''everything possible'' to assist the Caterpillar Tractor Company, which will lose a $90 million sale to the Soviet Union because of the sanctions.
The State Department rescinded a permit granted to Caterpillar for the sale of 200 pipe-laying tractors to the Soviet Union. The move is expected to force further layoffs at the Caterpillar plant in Peoria, Ill.
Mr. Meese, during an interview today on ABC television's ''Good Morning America'' program, said the sanctions were an ''important step as far as the Soviets are concerned.''
''It is unfortunate Americans have to pay the price of our taking responsibility for what goes on in world events,'' he said, ''and for our solidarity with the Polish people in their struggle for freedom. At the same time, the U.S. Government will do everything possible to mitigate the economic consequences as far as Caterpillar is concerned.''
But he did not describe what the Goverment might do for the company. Caterpillar won permission Dec. 9 to sell the tractors and had been planning to ship them during the first half of 1982. At the time of the announcement, Caterpillar also said it would lay off 2,100 of its 67,700 employees in the United States. The loss of the sale is expected to increase the number of layoffs. ---- G.E. Sales Face Delay
STAMFORD, Conn., Dec. 30 (Reuters) - General Electric said today that $175 million worth of contracts with the Soviet Union for turbine components could be delayed by the sanctions. The company said that export licenses for the turbines were still pending.
G.E. said it would comply with the Government directives.
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The West German Government apparently remains committed to participating in the natural gas pipeline from the Soviet Union to Western Europe, despite Tuesday's announcement by the United States of economic sanctions against the project. A Government spokesman, Kurt Becker, acknowledged that American opposition to the pipeline had taken on a new aspect. But he gave no indication that Bonn, as a result, was prepared to review its role in the project. At a regular Government news conference today, Mr. Becker said he foresaw no ''immediate consequences'' for the pipeline plan following President Reagan's decision.
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The Dust Is All That's Settled
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Even Robert H. Michel, the Administration's good soldier in the House, conceded that the spending bill Ronald Reagan vetoed was ''more a product of symbolism than substance.''
By that logic - and by the numbers - so was the veto, Mr. Reagan's first; and, for that matter, the ''acceptable'' legislation that followed. The ostensible cause of the dispute was $2 billion, or one quarter of one percent of the Federal budget. What was going on was testing, and after the acting out was done, both the White House and the Congress had backed away from dealing substantively with that tiny difference. The measure finally signed merely perpetuates until Dec. 15 the status quo ante Nov. 21, 12:01 A.M.
That was when the first continuing resolution, providing money for the Government to keep going in the absense of a budget for the current fiscal year, was argued out. Such arguments have rarely gone well in recent years - some Government agencies are still operating on continuing resolutions from 1980. But this year, the budget process has worked exceptionally poorly, in part for a reason made plain in last week's economic indicators. Moderating inflation and interest rates were only further confirmation of the recession. Consumer prices rose at an annual rate of 4.4 percent in October, the slightest increase in 2 1/2 years, but mostly because of a drop in the cost of otherwise unsaleable houses; the prime interest rate, which indirectly affects mortgage rates, went to a 12-month-low.
In the past months, as the recession plunged, the projected deficit soared. Hence the Administration's September push for more spending cuts than the more than $35 billion passed in the summer, the seizing of the moment by Congressional Democrats and moderate Republicans to cry that more cuts were inhumane, and last weekend's minidrama.
It came complete with round-the-clock sessions, computer printouts, leadership trips to to the White House, and the first-ever ''shutdown'' -though only for a few hours - of ''nonessential Government services.'' Congressional accord was first reached on a $428 billion bill that cut spending across the board by 2 percent and lasted until July 15. The White House denounced it as ''budget-busting.'' But to the extent that the veto was prompted by the particulars of the bill, it was where the ax fell, and not how heavily or lightly, that the White House was said to object to - especially trimes in foreign aid and military construction trims. (Most important, however, was the preparation of a ''victory'' to use in budget battles ahead, page 4.)
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Even Robert H. Michel, the Administration's good soldier in the House, conceded that the spending bill Ronald Reagan vetoed was ''more a product of symbolism than substance.'' By that logic - and by the numbers - so was the veto, Mr. Reagan's first; and, for that matter, the ''acceptable'' legislation that followed. The ostensible cause of the dispute was $2 billion, or one quarter of one percent of the Federal budget. What was going on was testing, and after the acting out was done, both the White House and the Congress had backed away from dealing substantively with that tiny difference. The measure finally signed merely perpetuates until Dec. 15 the status quo ante Nov. 21, 12:01 A.M.
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A STATE'S OPPORTUNITY TO IMPROVE THE CARE OF THE MENTALLY ILL
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Since The Times is a newspaper of record, it might be appropriate to pursue additional arguments in favor of your editorial support for a state takeover of local Medicaid costs of caring for the mentally ill (Nov. 5).
First, the editorial spoke of ''the state's court-ordered policy of discharging unthreatening patients.'' While the State Office of Mental Health continues to insist that its accelerated discharge policy is somehow mandated by constitutional considerations, that is hardly an accurate reflection of present-day jurisprudence.
The leading case remains Donaldson vs. O'Connor, in which the United States Supreme Court ruled only that one who is mentally ill and (a) seeks discharge from an institution, (b) is receiving no benefit from continued hospitalization and (c) is not a danger to himself or others may not be retained further.
In this state, most chronic mental patients do not object to hospitalization, in part because they are made aware that they have a panoply of administrative, medical and legal rights that are readily enforceable. Among these are the right to periodic court and independent psychiatric review of their status, the right to counsel and the right to correction of inadequacies of treatment. Since it is cheaper to release an acquiescent but helpless patient than to afford these rights, the state is understandably tempted to do so, especially when blame can be shifted to an activist judiciary.
Second, the statistics indicate that at least prospectively the problem of mental illness is manageable. About a third of all those who experience the severest forms of emotional disturbance recover, either spontaneously or with treatment. Another third may, like victims of heart disease, be subject to recurrences. Over the past 25 years there have been notable successes in helping these patients prolong symptom-free periods and, through increasingly sophisticated forms of treatment (at best), quickly restoring many of those who relapse.
The last third is comprised of persons who seldom fully recover, but even in that category, about three-quarters of patients can be helped, through concentrated chemotherapy and supportive services, to achieve a condition that resembles persons in the second category.
So the social problem of the truly helpless mentally ill who may require prolonged institutional or quasi-institutional care reduces to approximately one-quarter of one-third of the one-tenth of the general population that will probably experience hospitalization for mental illness at some point in their lives.
Third, however, and most important, is the fact that so much emphasis in recent years has been placed upon creating, by excessive retention practices, the ''institutional personality'' that the danger of needlessly manufacturing chronicity through inadequate attention at the point of onset or relapse may be underestimated.
Because of the urgency and numbers of acute cases, local hospitals which have the primary responsibility for handling emergencies are reluctant to maintain acute-care cases long enough for thorough evaluation and planning. What happens, typically, is that patient A is shortchanged to make way for patient B, who is in turn shortchanged when either patient C or a relapsed patient A comes to the door.
State takeover of local Medicaid costs could, therefore, serve a number of useful purposes. The state would no longer be able to free itself of the responsibility of caring for chronic patients merely by discharging them; localities would be able to devote greater attention to patients, whatever their history, at the point of mental breakdown, and since there would be a diminished cost differential between state and local care, there might be more cooperation, bureaucracy willing, with regard to the management and care of patients who require extensive but less than prolonged psychiatric, medical and social-work assistance. HARVARD HOLLENBERG, New York, Nov. 5, 1981. The writer is a former senior attorney with the Mental Health Information Service (1965-70).
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To the Editor: Since The Times is a newspaper of record, it might be appropriate to pursue additional arguments in favor of your editorial support for a state takeover of local Medicaid costs of caring for the mentally ill (Nov. 5). First, the editorial spoke of ''the state's court-ordered policy of discharging unthreatening patients.'' While the State Office of Mental Health continues to insist that its accelerated discharge policy is somehow mandated by constitutional considerations, that is hardly an accurate reflection of present-day jurisprudence. The leading case remains Donaldson vs. O'Connor, in which the United States Supreme Court ruled only that one who is mentally ill and (a) seeks discharge from an institution, (b) is receiving no benefit from continued hospitalization and (c) is not a danger to himself or others may not be retained further.
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U.S. INQUIRY REPORTED ON SALE OF AIRCRAFT PARTS TO LIBYANS
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20150524085433
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CHICAGO, Nov. 29— A small company operated by a Turkish national is being investigated by a Federal grand jury for possible involvement in selling more than $10 million in military aircraft parts to Libya, according to The Chicago Tribune.
The newspaper reported in its Sunday issue that evidence in the case included more than $1.4 million in aircraft parts that were confiscated by Federal agents in September at O'Hare International Airport.
The company, the Tencom Corporation, of suburban Northbrook, is operated by Nedim Sulyak, a 29-year-old Turkish citizen who is a former student at the University of Illinois, the newspaper said.
The Tribune said Tencom was founded by Mr. Sulyak in 1978, the year the United States banned sales of potential war materials to Libya on the ground that they could be used to aid terrorists around the world. Confiscated in September
Cliff Stallings, a public relations officer for the United States Customs office in Chicago, confirmed Saturday that agents had confiscated C-130 cargo plane parts at O'Hare in September, but declined further comment on the newspaper's report. ''There is no further comment, because of an ongoing investigation,'' he said.
Mr. Sulyak referred all questions about the investigation to Myles Ambrose, his attorney in Washington, who was quoted by The Tribune as saying: ''My client feels he has done nothing illegal or improper. He will cooperate with authorities so that a speedy resolution of all questions can be achieved.''
Mr. Ambrose, a former United States Customs Commissioner, said that ''the whole subject of aircraft business transactions with foreign governments is confusing and subject to various interpretations.'' Mr. Ambrose declined to comment further on The Tribune's report. An Urgent Message
The Tribune said that records seized by customs agents in a raid on the Tencom offices in September ''indicate that the firm has had repeated dealings with Libya'' and that ''one message to Libya's director of military procurement marked 'very urgent' was dated Aug. 26.''
A week earlier, two United States Navy fighter jets shot down two Libyan warplanes that fired on them over the Mediterranean Sea off Libya.
Records on file in Federal District Court here show that two days after the ''very urgent'' message to Libya, Tencom began stockpiling the aircraft parts to be shipped in September, the newspaper said.
The shipment was intercepted at O'Hare, officials said. The parts were to be sent to West Germany, but agents who raided the company's office found some evidence that the ultimate destination was Libya, The Tribune said.
The newspaper quoted a source close to the investigation as saying that in the last year Tencom did more than $10 million in business with Libya.
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A small company operated by a Turkish national is being investigated by a Federal grand jury for possible involvement in selling more than $10 million in military aircraft parts to Libya, according to The Chicago Tribune. The newspaper reported in its Sunday issue that evidence in the case included more than $1.4 million in aircraft parts that were confiscated by Federal agents in September at O'Hare International Airport. The company, the Tencom Corporation, of suburban Northbrook, is operated by Nedim Sulyak, a 29-year-old Turkish citizen who is a former student at the University of Illinois, the newspaper said.
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EXCERPTS FROM ATTORNEY GENERAL'S REMARKS ON PLANS OF JUSTICE DEPARTMENT
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20150524085533
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WASHINGTON, Oct. 29— Following are excerpts from the remarks of Attorney General William French Smith to the Federal Legal Council in Reston, Va., today:
Simply put, consistent with the Constitution and the laws of the United States, the Department of Justice intends to play an active role in effecting the principles upon which Ronald Reagan campaigned.
Already, there have been many significant changes. We have proposed a comprehensive crime package of more than 150 administrative and legislative initiatives that would help to redress the imbalance between the forces of law and the forces of lawlessness. We have proposed a new approach to immigration and refugee policy designed to reassert control over our own borders.
We have brought the Government's antitrust policies back to the real economic world by focusing upon truly anticompetitive activities rather than outmoded and exotic theories. We have firmly enforced the law that forbids Federal employees from striking. We have opposed the distortion of the meaning of equal protection by courts that mandate counterproductive busing and quotas. We have helped to select appointees to the Federal bench who understand the meaning of judicial restraint.
As significant as all these changes are, however, they represent only a beginning. Today, I will discuss the next stage in this process. We intend, in a comprehensive way, to identify those principles that we will urge upon the Federal courts. And we intend to identify the cases in which to make our arguments - all the way to the Supreme Court. We believe that the groundswell of conservatism evidenced by the 1980 election makes this an especially appropriate time to urge upon the courts more principled bases that would diminish judicial activism. Policy Making by High Court
It is clear that between Allgeyer v. Louisiana in 1897 and Nebbia v. New York in 1934 the Supreme Court engaged in, and fostered, judicial policy-making under the guise of substantive due process. During this period, the Court weighted the balance in favor of individual interests against the decisions of state and Federal legislatures. Using the due process clauses, unelected judges substituted their own policy preferences for the determinations of the public's elected representatives.
In recent decades, at the behest of private litigants and even the executive branch itself, Federal courts have engaged in a similar kind of judicial policy-making. In the future, the Justice Department will focus upon the doctrines that have led to the courts' activism. We will attempt to reverse this unhealthy flow of power from state and Federal legislatures to Federal courts, and the concomitant flow of power from state and local governments to the Federal level.
Three areas of judicial policy-making are of particular concern. First, the erosion of restraint in considerations of justiciability. Second, some of the standards by which state and Federal statutes have been declared unconstitutional - and, in particular, some of the analysis of so-called ''fundamental rights'' and ''suspect classifications.'' And third, the extravagant use of mandatory injunctions and remedial decrees.
Article III of the Constitution limits the jurisdiction of the Federal courts to the consideration of cases or controversies properly brought before them. Nevertheless, in recent years, a weakening of the courts' resolve to abide by the case or controversy requirement has allowed them greater power of review over Government action. Often, the Federal Government itself has in the past moved courts to show less deference to the boundaries of justiciability - in particular, in environmental litigation. Deferring to Elected Branches
The Justice Department will henceforth show a more responsible concern for such questions. We will assert the doctrine in those situations that involve any of its four elements - standing, ripeness, mootness, and presence of a political question. Vindicating the principle of justiciability would help return the courts to a more principled deference to the actions of the elected branches.
Just as courts have sometimes overstepped the proper bounds of justiciability, their analyses of equal protection issues have often trespassed upon responsibilities our constitutional system entrusted to legislatures. Through their determination of so-called ''fundamental rights'' and ''suspect classifications,'' courts have sometimes succeeded in weighting the balance against proper legislative action.
In the 1942 case of Skinner v. Oklahoma, the Supreme Court first emphasized the concept of fundamental rights that invites courts to undertake a stricter scrutiny of the inherently legislative task of line-drawing. In the nearly 40 years since then, the number of rights labeled ''fundamental'' by the courts has multiplied. They now include the First Amendment rights and the right to vote in most elections -rights mentioned in the Constitution.
In addition, however, they include rights that, though deemed fundamental, were held to be only implied by the Constitution. The latter group, which has become a real base for expanding Federal court activity, includes the right to marry, the right to procreate, the right of interstate travel, and the right of sexual privacy that, among other things, may have spawned a right, with certain limitations, to have an abortion.
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Following are excerpts from the remarks of Attorney General William French Smith to the Federal Legal Council in Reston, Va., today: Simply put, consistent with the Constitution and the laws of the United States, the Department of Justice intends to play an active role in effecting the principles upon which Ronald Reagan campaigned. Already, there have been many significant changes. We have proposed a comprehensive crime package of more than 150 administrative and legislative initiatives that would help to redress the imbalance between the forces of law and the forces of lawlessness. We have proposed a new approach to immigration and refugee policy designed to reassert control over our own borders. We have brought the Government's antitrust policies back to the real economic world by focusing upon truly anticompetitive activities rather than outmoded and exotic theories. We have firmly enforced the law that forbids Federal employees from striking. We have opposed the distortion of the meaning of equal protection by courts that mandate counterproductive busing and quotas. We have helped to select appointees to the Federal bench who understand the meaning of judicial restraint.
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EGYPT REPORTS PLOT TO KILL AIDES AT SADAT'S FUNERAL
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CAIRO, Oct. 30— Investigators interrogating suspects in the assassination of President Anwar el-Sadat say that the plotters planned to kill senior Government officials at Mr. Sadat's funeral, according to today's issue of the semi-official newspaper Al Ahram.
Mr. Sadat was slain as he watched a military parade on Oct. 6. His funeral was held four days later at the same site and was attended by Egypt's top officials and by leaders from more than 80 nations. Security was intense, and the funeral rite, from which ordinary Egyptians were barred, appeared to go smoothly.
Al Ahram said today that the plotters had planned a bomb attack against Egyptian officials at the funeral because of ''a rare opportunity of having their targets assembled all in one place.''
The newspaper said a number of loosely aligned Moslem fundamentalist groups bent on deposing Mr. Sadat and his secular regime had planned to install as temporary leader Sheik Omar Abdel Rahman, a blind mufti, whom the investigators accused of having provided a religious rationale for killing Mr. Sadat. Sheik Rahman is under arrest. 587 Reported Arrested
Al Ahram reported that 587 people had been arrested so far in the investigation into Mr. Sadat's death. President Hosni Mubarak said the other day that he expected a full report soon and that it would be made public. No date has been set for issuing the report, although another newspaper said it would be made available next week.
Sheik Rahman is not well known here, according to Egyptian officials queried today. The report in Al Ahram carried a picture of a man it identified as ''the ideologue of the terrorists.'' It showed a man over 40 with a frizzy beard.
Many of the officials the plotters reportedly planned to kill at the funeral were in the reviewing stand at the military parade when Mr. Sadat was killed.
Al Ahram said: ''It was found out that they had decided to repeat the attempt, planning to kill all the officials who took part in the late President's funeral, considering this as a chance for them because of the presence of all these officials in one place.'' Extraordinary Measures Taken
The extraordinary security at Mr. Sadat's funeral included plainclothes policemen, uniformed guards, military units, Egyptian Secret Service officials and dozens, perhaps hundreds, of foreign security men accompanying the world leaders who briefly attended the service.
The foreign dignitaries, who included former Presidents Richard M. Nixon, Gerald R. Ford and Jimmy Carter, marched in a procession on the parade grounds and briefly greeted Mr. Sadat's widow, Jihan, before speeding away in their limousines. The Sadat family, Mr. Mubarak and other top officials then walked across the field to the site of the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, where Mr. Sadat was temporarily interred after a half-hour service.
According to Al Ahram, Sheik Rahman has confessed to issuing a fatwa, or religious decree, giving permission to the fundamentalist conspirators to carry out the plot. The newspaper said the decree ordered those chosen to carry out the attempt ''not to try to commit suicide after the incident because then 'they would die as infidels.' '' Instead, the account said, they should try to escape, and if gunned down by soldiers they would be 'martyrs.'
The newspaper said Sheik Rahman had been chosen to be an interim leader while the fundamentalists seized control and carried out a ''Khomeini-type revolution'' to replace the Government.
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Investigators interrogating suspects in the assassination of President Anwar el-Sadat say that the plotters planned to kill senior Government officials at Mr. Sadat's funeral, according to today's issue of the semi-official newspaper Al Ahram. Mr. Sadat was slain as he watched a military parade on Oct. 6. His funeral was held four days later at the same site and was attended by Egypt's top officials and by leaders from more than 80 nations. Security was intense, and the funeral rite, from which ordinary Egyptians were barred, appeared to go smoothly.
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http://www.nytimes.com/1982/03/03/garden/three-big-auctions-of-wine-scheduled.html
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150524103107id_/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/03/03/garden/three-big-auctions-of-wine-scheduled.html
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THREE BIG AUCTIONS OF WINE SCHEDULED
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20150524103107
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Three significant wine auctions -two in Chicago and one in Boston -have been scheduled for the spring season. Christie's plans to offer the wine collection of the late Dr. George H. Rezek for sale April 17 at the Drake Hotel in Chicago. The 2,300-bottle collection is believed to be one of the most important to come on the market in the United States in recent years. The wines date from the mid-19th century.
Dr. Rezek, who died last September, was a Chicago surgeon and leading figure in gastronomy. He headed the Chicago chapter of the International Wine and Food Society, was chairman of the North American committee of the same society, and was active in the Confrerie des Chevaliers du Tastevin, the Chaine des Rotisseurs and similar groups.
Intense competition for the Rezek collection between Christie's and Heublein Inc., another concern that holds wine auctions, figured in the recent resignation of Michael Broadbent as the Heublein auctioneer. Mr. Broadbent, the Christie's wine director, had also run the annual Heublein auction since its inception in 1969.
Mr. Broadbent disclosed that a conflict of interest became apparent when he found himself competing against Heublein on behalf of Christie's for the right to auction the Rezek collection. He severed relations with Heublein.
Heublein has since retained Reeder Butterfield, formerly head of Butterfield's in San Francisco, to run its wine auction scheduled for May 27 at the Park Plaza Hotel in Boston. The auction, involving 30,000 bottles, is said to be the largest one-day wine sale open to the public. Further information may be obtained by writing to Heublein Auction, Box 505, Farmington, Conn. 06032.
Mr. Broadbent will be in charge of the Christie's sale in Chicago April 17. Catalogues, which cost $10 by mail and $8 at the auction, will be available from the concern's Chicago representative, Frances Blair, at 46 Elm Street, Chicago, Ill. 60611.
The day after the Christie's auction a group called the Foremost Wine Society will hold a wine auction at the Americana-Congress Hotel in Chicago. The sale, involving more than 1,000 bottles from California and Europe, will benefit the Cornell University Laboratory of Ornithology.
The society, claiming 4,000 members, is a wine-appreciation group sponsored by the Foremost chain of liquor stores in Illinois, Florida and California. All the wines will be sold in one-bottle lots to assure opportunities for the average consumer. Catalogues, which cost $10, may be obtained by writing Cornell/Foremost Auction, 5252 North Broadway, Chicago, Ill. 60640.
Although New York has been a center for auctions of fine art and antiques for many years, efforts to hold wine auctions have been thwarted by lawsuits filed by wine retailers, who charge that such sales would violate state laws controlling alcoholic beverages. The retailers, including two of the city's largest, Sherry-Lehmann Inc. and Morrell & Company, fear a loss of business. Terry Robards
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Three significant wine auctions -two in Chicago and one in Boston -have been scheduled for the spring season. Christie's plans to offer the wine collection of the late Dr. George H. Rezek for sale April 17 at the Drake Hotel in Chicago. The 2,300-bottle collection is believed to be one of the most important to come on the market in the United States in recent years. The wines date from the mid-19th century.
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http://www.nytimes.com/1982/04/14/world/egypt-denies-any-violations-of-peace-accords-with-israel.html
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150524105900id_/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/04/14/world/egypt-denies-any-violations-of-peace-accords-with-israel.html
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EGYPT DENIES ANY VIOLATIONS OF PEACE ACCORDS WITH ISRAEL
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20150524105900
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CAIRO, April 13— Egypt has denied published Israeli complaints that it is violating either the letter or the spirit of the Camp David agreements.
Foreign Minister Kamal Hassan Ali said after a meeting with President Hosni Mubarak on Monday that Egyptian forces in Sinai were only two-thirds of the strength permitted under the treaty and not over the limits, as Defense Minister Ariel Sharon was reported to have said.
Mr. Ali also denied that the Egyptians had permitted the Palestine Liberation Organization to smuggle arms into the Gaza Strip. He said that Egypt had received no protest from Israel on these matters but that the complaints were made to American officials and to reporters in Jerusalem.
Egyptian officials feel Israel's sudden concern about Egypt's intentions may have been caused to a large extent by Israel's sudden awareness that Egypt may be less isolated in the Arab world than had been assumed since the Camp David accords were signed.
One possible pattern for improved relations between Egypt and other Arab countries has begun to emerge. Last week in Kuwait, Egypt participated in a meeting of the countries belonging to what they call the Nonaligned Movement. In July, an Egyptian delegation will go to Libya for a meeting of the Organization of African Unity. At Egypt's request Libya has sent assurances to Cairo that the Egyptian delegation is welcome and that its security is guaranteed.
It would be relatively easy, many here say, for Egypt to slip gradually into practical political and financial cooperation with Saudi Arabia, the other Gulf states, Morocco and Iraq.
But President Mubarak does not want do that, according to Egyptians familiar with his plans. He wants some sort of formal recognition that Egypt's peace treaty with Israel did not constitute a ''betrayal'' of the Arabs, as they charged at the time.
Such recognition will not come from the Arab world as a whole. The Arab League, from which Egypt was expelled, is not likely to invite it back, and Syria or Libya are unlikely to move toward Egypt.
On the other hand, Arab diplomatic missions in Cairo have never been closed, although they operate as interest sections under the flags of other Islamic or third world countries. The men in charge of some of these missions never stopped their regular consultations with ranking Egyptian officials. It would not be such a great step to give the head of the mission the rank of ambassador and to fly the flag again, one of these diplomats said a few days ago.
Western diplomats are watching Saudi Arabia, Morocco, Jordan and Iraq for any signs that one of them is are ready to take the lead. The diplomats admit that they may have to watch for many months.
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Egypt has denied published Israeli complaints that it is violating either the letter or the spirit of the Camp David agreements. Foreign Minister Kamal Hassan Ali said after a meeting with President Hosni Mubarak on Monday that Egyptian forces in Sinai were only two-thirds of the strength permitted under the treaty and not over the limits, as Defense Minister Ariel Sharon was reported to have said. Mr. Ali also denied that the Egyptians had permitted the Palestine Liberation Organization to smuggle arms into the Gaza Strip. He said that Egypt had received no protest from Israel on these matters but that the complaints were made to American officials and to reporters in Jerusalem.
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http://www.nytimes.com/1982/05/09/weekinreview/the-world-in-summary-claiming-more-land-of-israel.html
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150524105956id_/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/05/09/weekinreview/the-world-in-summary-claiming-more-land-of-israel.html
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The World in Summary
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20150524105956
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Giving up Sinai has not only stiffened Israel's resolve to hold remaining occupied territory but appears to have revived claims, at least rhetorically, to a larger ''Eretz Israel.''
In a speech last week to Parliament, Prime Minister Menachem Begin stated that Israel would demand sovereignty over the West Bank and Gaza Strip at the end of the five-year transition period envisioned by the Camp David accords.
As he has since the Sinai withdrawal April 25, he referred to Israel, the West Bank and Gaza as ''Western Eretz Israel.'' The Revisionist Zionist movement, to which Mr. Begin belongs, holds that the east bank of the Jordan River, currently Jordanian territory, also belongs to the historical land of Israel.
The linguistic change was further evidence of the Begin Government's perceived need to compensate for giving up Sinai and tearing down Jewish settlements. Mr. Begin vowed last week that his Government would never again dismantle Jewish settlements but would ''expand and consolidate them.''
Israel's settlement policies and other attempts to curb Palestinian nationalism have inflamed sentiment in Gaza and on the West Bank. Demonstrations continued there last week and two more Arab teen-agers were killed, bringing the number of Arabs killed by Israeli soldiers or settlers in the last month and a half to 15.
Israelis are also concerned at Egypt's lessening isolation within the Arab world. Last week President Hosni Mubarak flew to the Sudan and yesterday the Sultan of Oman arrived in Cairo. Neither country broke relations with Egypt when it made peace with Israel, but they hadn't shown such open friendship since the treaty was signed in 1979.
Illustrations: photo of Israeli troops on patrol in the West Bank
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Giving up Sinai has not only stiffened Israel's resolve to hold remaining occupied territory but appears to have revived claims, at least rhetorically, to a larger ''Eretz Israel.'' In a speech last week to Parliament, Prime Minister Menachem Begin stated that Israel would demand sovereignty over the West Bank and Gaza Strip at the end of the five-year transition period envisioned by the Camp David accords.
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http://www.nytimes.com/1982/03/15/nyregion/kean-s-homework-news-analysis.html
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150524110102id_/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/03/15/nyregion/kean-s-homework-news-analysis.html
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KEAN'S HOMEWORK - News Analysis - NYTimes.com
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20150524110102
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When Harrison A. Williams Jr. resigned last Thursday from the United States Senate, he gave Governor Kean of New Jersey his newest political problem.
Mr. Kean has been trying to smooth the feelings of legislative leaders who became upset when he held his first briefing on his $6.4 billion budget with several newspaper publishers instead of with them. The lawmakers learned about the budget, along with their constituents, by reading about it in the newspapers.
Now Mr. Kean must choose a worthy Republican to fill Mr. Williams's seat and the Governor appears to have allowed events to develop without planning for a quick response.
Mr. Williams's expulsion or resignation following his conviction on Federal bribery and conspiracy charges in the Abscam investigation had been expected for several months. There seemed little doubt that his 23-year career in the Senate was drawing to a close despite the three postponements of Senate action on his case. Many Want Williams Post
Yet when the end came on Thursday, Mr. Kean said he had no one in mind for the job. He said, tongue in cheek, that he had been given the names of scores of aspirants for the post and that he would take a little time to make his selection.
This was an invitation to the large field of those who would be Senator to increase their lobbying efforts. In this situation Mr. Kean cannot help but make one person happy and bruise a large number of egos.
Mr. Kean turned aside all questions about Mr. Williams while the matter was before the Senate, saying he was not certain that the 62-year-old Democratic lawmaker would be expelled. His aides said privately that the Governor really did not relish the idea of having to make an appointment. But events have overtaken him.
Now, Mr. Williams, who won election to the Senate in 1958 by defeating Mr. Kean's father, the late Robert Winthrop Kean, is gone. ''The first thing he's going to do is decide what kind of appointment he wants to make,'' said Carl Golden, Mr. Kean's press secretary.
''He could appoint a caretaker, or someone who wanted to run, or perhaps someone who would serve until after the June 8 primary and then resign so the Governor could appoint the Republican primary winner,'' Mr. Golden said. A caretaker would hold the seat for the remainder of the term but not run for a full term in the general election in November.
Representative James A. Courter, a Hackettstown Republican and an early supporter of Mr. Kean in last year's gubernatorial primary, had appeared to have the strongest claim on Mr. Kean's support for the Senate run. However, Mr. Courter has scheduled a news conference in Trenton for today amid reports that he will announce his intention to run for re-election to his own seat. Race Now Has 2 Candidates
Jeffrey Bell of Leonia, the Conservative who defeated the late Clifford P. Case in the 1978 primary and then lost to Bill Bradley in the general election, also backed Mr. Kean last year.
Mr. Bell was an aide to Ronald Reagan when Mr. Reagan was Governor of California, and he was an early advocate of supply-side economic theory. He sat at Mr. Kean's side last year when the Republican candidate for Governor unveiled his own tax-cutting proposals as part of an economic recovery program.
Mr. Bell and Representative Millicent Fenwick of Bernardsville are in what is essentially a two-way race for the Republican Senate nomination this year. Mr. Kean could enhance the candidacy of either with an appointment to Mr. Williams's seat, or he could create a new candidacy by naming someone else. Decision Due in 10 Days
The names of Philip D. Kaltenbacher, the Republican state chairman, and Representative Matthew J. Rinaldo of Union are on Mr. Kean's list of possible appointees.
Mr. Courter said he expected Mr. Kean to make up his mind in a week or 10 days. For the last two years, because Mr. Williams was fighting charges stemming from the Abscam investigation, the state has had only one Senator, Mr. Bradley, who could devote himself fully to his Senate duties. Mr. Kean said he realized that he could not delay too long in filling the vacancy with someone who could represent his policies and the state's interest in the forthcoming votes on President Reagan's latest budget proposals.
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When Harrison A. Williams Jr. resigned last Thursday from the United States Senate, he gave Governor Kean of New Jersey his newest political problem. Mr. Kean has been trying to smooth the feelings of legislative leaders who became upset when he held his first briefing on his $6.4 billion budget with several newspaper publishers instead of with them. The lawmakers learned about the budget, along with their constituents, by reading about it in the newspapers. Now Mr. Kean must choose a worthy Republican to fill Mr. Williams's seat and the Governor appears to have allowed events to develop without planning for a quick response.
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http://www.nytimes.com/1982/05/11/nyregion/chess-west-germany-s-huebner-wins-cloverline-tourney.html
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150524110311id_/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/05/11/nyregion/chess-west-germany-s-huebner-wins-cloverline-tourney.html
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Chess - West Germany's Huebner Wins Cloverline Tourney - NYTimes.com
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20150524110311
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West Germany's Robert Huebner scored a convincing triumph in the Cloverline International Tournament in Chicago, taking first place with a 2 1/2-point margin. The former finalist in the world championship candidates matches had no trouble in any game in the double-round event. FINAL STANDINGS Player W. L. D. Pts. Huebner 6 0 4 8 Browne 3 2 5 5 1/2 Korchnoi 2 2 6 5 Dzindzikashvili 1 2 7 4 1/2 Lein 1 3 6 4 Martz 0 4 6 3
In their ninth-round encounter, Huebner lured the former world championship challenger Viktor Korchnoi into a Slav Defense variation that Korchnoi usually avoids and then outplayed him sharply.
In playing 4 N-B3, Korchnoi surely intended to offer the powerful gambit arising from 4 ... P-QR3; 5 P-K4, P-QN4; 6 P-K5, N-Q4; 7 P-QR4. But Huebner crossed him up with 4 ... P-B3, bringing about the old main line of the Slav Defense after 5 P-QR4, B-B4; 6 P-K3.
The first 15 moves followed the game Karpov-Portisch, Portoroz-Ljubljana, 1975. However, Korchnoi did not continue with Karpov's 16 N-R2, because, in place of Portisch's awkward 16 ... B-R4?, the superior 16 ... B-B4!; 17 B-K3, NxB; 18 QxN, B-N3; 19 P-B4, N-Q2; 20 N-B3, P-K4! was discovered in the Schmidt- Timoshenko game, Slupsk, 1979. Destroying the White Center
After 16 B-K2, Huebner vigorously set about destroying the white center with 16 ... P-QB4! He was not concerned over 17 N-R2? since 17 ... N-B3; 18 NxB?, NxQP; 19 Q-Q3, NxBch; 20 QxN, PxN costs White a pawn.
Moreover, he was ready for the aggressive 17 P-Q5, PxP; 18 P-R5 with the equally aggressive 18 ... P-B5; 19 Q-Q1, P-Q5! Thus, after the tactical clarification of moves 20-23, it could be seen that the struggle for the center was not a success for Korchnoi: his bishoppair was not in the game, whereas Huebner's pieces were all active.
The key to Huebner's middle-game strategy was his 26 ... B-Q7!, compelling the exchange of the dark-squared bishops, since 27 B-B2? yields Black too strong a passed pawn after 27 ... P-B6. Thus, after 29 ... QxKNP, it became clear that Korchnoi would have great difficulty preventing Black from infiltrating his pieces on the dark squares.
When Korchnoi had to defend his BP with 33 Q-K2, Huebner picked off a decisive pawn with 33 ... RxP. On 34 Q-R2, N-K4, Korchnoi rejected 35 RxP, RxR; 36 Q-R8ch, K-R2; 37 QxR because 37 ... NxP; 38 BxN, QxBch; 39 K-N1, P-B4 puts White into a lost ending.
After 41 ... NxPch, Korchnoi had to lose his queen to 42 K-B2, R-N7!; 43 QxR, QxPch and thus gave up. SLAV DEFENSE White Black Korchnoi Huebner 1 N-KB3 P-Q4 2 P-Q4 N-KB3 3 P-B4 PxP 4 N-B3 P-B3 5 P-QR4 B-B4 6 P-K3 P-K3 7 BxP B-QN5 8 O-O O-O 9 Q-N3 Q-K2 10 N-R4 B-N5 11 P-B3 B-KR4 12 P-N4 B-N3 13 P-N5 N-Q4 14 P-K4 N-N3 15 NxB RPxN 16 B-K2 P-QB4 17 P-Q5 PxP 18 P-R5 P-B5 19 Q-Q1 P-Q5 20 PxN PxN 21 PxBP BxP 22 RxP N-B3 23 RxR RxR 24 K-R1 R-Q1 25 Q-B2 Q-N5 26 B-K3 B-Q7 27 R-QN1 Q-R4 28 BxB RxB 29 QxP QxKNP 30 R-Q1 R-N7 31 R-Q7 R-N8ch 32 B-Q1 Q-B5 33 Q-K2 RxP 34 Q-R2 N-K4 35 R-Q8ch K-R2 36 Q-KN2 Q-R5 37 R-Q5 R-N8 38 Q-B1 P-B3 39 Q-K2 P-KN4 40 K-N1 Q-R6 41 Q-QB2 NxPch Resigns HUEBNER/BLACK r k p pp Pn p P qp P b BP Q B P R K KORCHNOI/WHITE 5/11/82 Position after 26 B-K3
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West Germany's Robert Huebner scored a convincing triumph in the Cloverline International Tournament in Chicago, taking first place with a 2 1/2-point margin. The former finalist in the world championship candidates matches had no trouble in any game in the double-round event. FINAL STANDINGS Player W. L. D. Pts. Huebner 6 0 4 8 Browne 3 2 5 5 1/2 Korchnoi 2 2 6 5 Dzindzikashvili 1 2 7 4 1/2 Lein 1 3 6 4 Martz 0 4 6 3 In their ninth-round encounter, Huebner lured the former world championship challenger Viktor Korchnoi into a Slav Defense variation that Korchnoi usually avoids and then outplayed him sharply.
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http://www.nytimes.com/1982/02/14/world/mexico-after-the-fiesta.html
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150524110318id_/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/02/14/world/mexico-after-the-fiesta.html
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MEXICO, AFTER THE FIESTA
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20150524110318
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MEXICO CITY— The four-year-long fiesta of unbridled public spending, imports and foreign borrowing that followed confirmation of Mexico's new-found oil wealth has now given way to a morning-after feeling of regrets at the prodigality.
Suddenly, ebullient toasts have been deflated by the sobering appearance of the bill for the fiesta: 30 percent inflation, a dangerously overvalued currency, stagnant nonoil exports and a public sector foreign debt that has doubled to $48.7 billion since 1977.
Yet in reality, things were neither as good as they seemed a year ago, when Mexicans were reveling in annual growth rates of 8 percent, a tripling of oil production and a tenfold increase in proven hydrocarbon reserves, nor as bad as they seem today.
Confidence, though, is shaped by perceptions rather than realities, and, in a matter of months, the mood among government economists and foreign bankers has gone from optimistic to pessimistic.
In a sense, of course, the fiesta had to end because its host, President Jose Lopez Portillo, will leave office in December, and the final year of every Administration coincides with an economic slowdown, as the public sector runs short of money and the private sector awaits the policies of the new President.
Although Mexico knows the name of its new president - the Institutional Revolutionary Party, which has won every presidential election since 1929, picked Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado last September as its candidate for the July 4 elections -tradition requires that he not interfere in the management of the country until he takes office.
The selection of Mr. de la Madrid, a Harvard-educated lawyer who served as Minister of Planning and Budget, was welcomed by the private sector at home and abroad. Still, there is nervousness about the steadily deteriorating economic situation that he will inherit, and it will not be resolved by a simple change in administration.
Rather, it will require the unpleasant medicine of an accelerated depreciation in the peso's value, a cutback in imports and public spending and a slower rate of economic growth, which in turn could mean higher inflation and fewer new jobs. The question is whether Mr. Lopez Portillo or Mr. de la Madrid will prescribe it.
Last year Mexico's current account payments deficit reached $10.8 billion, while its public foreign debt rose by a record $14.9 billion, placing Mexico on a par with Brazil as the world's most indebted developing countries. This year, the Government will need more than $11 billion in new foreign credit.
With inflation here running far ahead of that in the United States, Mexico's main trading partner, the decision to sustain the peso against the United States dollar also meant that the Mexican currency became seriously overvalued, encouraging Mexicans to travel, buy and invest abroad, and gradually raising the specter of a large and sudden devaluation.
Moreover, a fundamental issue is beginning to demand an answer: Can Mexico reduce its dependence on oil as the principal motor of its economic growth?
After Mexico's last economic crunch in 1976, oil revived the economy, firs t by providing the collateral for new foreign credits and then by s harply increasing export revenues. The Government, nevertheless, insisted that oil should not dominate its development model.
In practice, though, the import and borrowing requirements of the state oil monopoly, Petroleos Mexicanos, exceeded the country's new income. At the same time, both the Government and the private sector sought more foreign credit to finance expansion, and international banks eagerly granted it. Oil's share of total exports, meanwhile, grew steadily to 64 percent.
Mexico's real dependence on oil, though, became apparent only when the oil glut on world markets forced many exporters to lower their prices. Mexico tried to sustain its high prices and suddenly found its traditional buyers canceling their contracts. By the time it, too, lowered prices, Mexico had lost $6 billion in revenues, which it then made up in new loans from abroad.
The economic philosophy of the Lopez Portillo Administration has been to grow as fast as possible, balancing the cost of inflation against the benefit of tremendous new job creation. And, despite the loss of oil exports in mid-1981, the economy grew about 8 percent last year.
But this fast growth rested on two premises that no longer look secure: that Mexico's oil revenues would cont inue to grow, thanks to higher prices and export levels, and that for eign bankers would continue to be willing lenders.
Although Mexico's oil revenues are expected to reach $18 billion in 1982, prolongation of the world oil glut will not only complicate the search for export markets but also diminish the appeal of oil reserves to foreign bankers. Further, Mexico's current financial squeeze - and the fear of a major devaluation - have already slowed the bankers' rush to lend here.
This year, the Government is expecting a growth rate of ''only'' 6.5 percent - a figure many economists find wildly optimistic. Even more significant, the next Administration will probably have to lower its sights from the dizzying growth rates of recent years. In many other parts of the world, though, a growth rate of even 5 percent would be excuse enough for a fiesta. end
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The four-year-long fiesta of unbridled public spending, imports and foreign borrowing that followed confirmation of Mexico's new-found oil wealth has now given way to a morning-after feeling of regrets at the prodigality. Suddenly, ebullient toasts have been deflated by the sobering appearance of the bill for the fiesta: 30 percent inflation, a dangerously overvalued currency, stagnant nonoil exports and a public sector foreign debt that has doubled to $48.7 billion since 1977. Yet in reality, things were neither as good as they seemed a year ago, when Mexicans were reveling in annual growth rates of 8 percent, a tripling of oil production and a tenfold increase in proven hydrocarbon reserves, nor as bad as they seem today. Confidence, though, is shaped by perceptions rather than realities, and, in a matter of months, the mood among government economists and foreign bankers has gone from optimistic to pessimistic.
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http://www.nytimes.com/1982/03/21/nyregion/long-islanders-felt-i-had-a-story-to-tell-the-world.html
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150524111425id_/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/03/21/nyregion/long-islanders-felt-i-had-a-story-to-tell-the-world.html
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LONG ISLANDERS - 'FELT I HAD A STORY TO TELL THE WORLD' - NYTimes.com
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20150524111425
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''ROCKY and I have known each other for about 36 years,'' said Ralph Corsel as he reminisced about the former middleweight boxing champion Rocky Graziano. ''One day - this must have been about five years ago - I said, 'Rocky, it's been over 20 years since your first book' -''Somebody Up There Likes Me'' -'came out.'
''So I said, 'Why don't you do another book?' I said, 'I'll do the book for you.' So he said, 'Yeah, go ahead, you want to do it?' He didn't know how involved I'd get with it.''
Mr. Corsel became involved with it to the point that the project is now reality in the form of ''Somebody Down Here Likes Me Too,'' ($12.95) by Rocky Graziano with Ralph Corsel, published by Stein & Day.
''I think I probably ran home and started that same day, doing an outline,'' said the 62-year-old Mr. Corsel, who divides his time between homes in Manhattan and East Quogue.
To compose the biography - which recapitulates the fighter's troubled youth, including reformatory and prison terms, and takes him through his championship and beyond, into the realm of show business and marriage and celebrity friends and the counselling of delinquent youngsters and jail inmates - Mr. Corsel followed Mr. Graziano around with a tape recorder, interviewed his friends and conducted research in files of old newspapers.
''It's a book about a man who came up as a poor kid and made it in life regardless of all the obstacles that were thrown in his path,'' Mr. Corsel said. ''There's something electrifying about the guy.''
When it comes to colorful lives, Mr. Corsel is no slouch himself. Starting out as Raffaelo Corsalini, the Bronx-born son of Italianimmigrant parents, he was - by his own account - a thief at the age of 9, a reformatory inmate as a teen-ager, a gun moll's boyfriend who worked in a bootlegging plant, and a Depression-era hobo and panhandler who trekked cross-country to California, where he tried to become a professional singer and became instead a pickpocket and confidence man.
After Army service in World War II, he came east and worked as a bartender before establishing his own business as a manufacturer's agent.
''All of a sudden,'' he said of his adoption of the salesman's life, ''the money started pouring in like mad. I realized that nothing makes a man honest like money in the bank, and I lost all desire to do anything crooked.''
After a decade, he was able to let others handle his business for him. ''In the back of my mind, ever since I was very young, I always felt I wanted to write - probably because of the life I had led, my background as a kid. I felt I had a story to tell the world.''
Mr. Corsel, whose formal education had ended in the eighth grade (he spent a good many years reading while on the road as a salesman), enrolled in writing courses at the School of General Studies of Columbia University. Within weeks, he said, a short story he had written about his colorful youth prompted his teacher to encourage him to try a novel.
The result was ''Up There the Stars,'' an autobiographical novel published in 1968. Mr. Corsel, who has been married twice and has a daughter, went on from here to write columns for Italian-American publications while keeping an eye on his business, traveling and pursuing his hobby of seeing what he can find while roaming here and there with a metal detector. Right now he's at work on a sequel to ''Up There the Stars.''
As for his biography of Mr. Graziano, he said: ''I put a message in the book, to give hope to kids like ourselves who came up out of the bottom of the barrel, to make them feel that if guys like Rocky and myself could make it, then regardless of the poverty and the background, there's always the possibility of making it.
''This is the most beautiful country in the world.''
Illustrations: Photo of Ralph Corsel
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''ROCKY and I have known each other for about 36 years,'' said Ralph Corsel as he reminisced about the former middleweight boxing champion Rocky Graziano. ''One day - this must have been about five years ago - I said, 'Rocky, it's been over 20 years since your first book' -''Somebody Up There Likes Me'' -'came out.' ''So I said, 'Why don't you do another book?' I said, 'I'll do the book for you.' So he said, 'Yeah, go ahead, you want to do it?' He didn't know how involved I'd get with it.''
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The Calendar - NYTimes.com
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20150524112102
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The daffodils are popping up along Rock Creek Park. But there is not likely to be much evidence of spring fever around the capital this week as Congress and Administration officials wrestle with the budget, the economy and unrest in Latin America, especially in El Salvador.
Foreign Minister Yoshio Sakurauchi of Japan, on his first foreign trip since his appointment last November, meets with President Reagan today and Secretary of State Alexander M. Haig Jr. tomorrow. It's expected they'll discuss world issues in general as well as sensitive trade relations.
White Collar Crime: It is called ''the $40 billion ripoff'' and it goes under scrutiny at a two-day meeting of the American Society for Industrial Security. 8:30 A.M. Shoreham Hotel.
Yellow Rain: The Administration makes public its report on chemical warfare by the Russians in Afghanistan, Laos and Cambodia. Likely to stir controversy, doubts, denials. 11 A.M. State Department.
Floor Agenda: The Senate will continue debate on the ''Overhauling of Administration Procedures Act.'' That's bureaucratese for regulatory reform.
African Focus: The Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs, Chester Crocker, will be the leadoff witness before the Senate Subcommittee on Security and Terrorism on the reports that Cuba, the Soviet Union and East Germany may be fomenting terrorism in South Africa. 9:30 A.M., Room 2228, Dirksen Office Building.
Money Talks: Should banks be able to offer depositors a short-term certificate that can compete with money market funds? That is the question the Depository Institutions Deregulation Committee will take up when it meets at the Treasury Department. 3:30 P.M. Cash Room. Tuesday
The President flies to New York to receive the Charles Evans Hughes Gold Medal, awarded by the National Conference of Christians and Jews for ''courageous leadership in government, civic and humanitarian affairs.'' 7 P.M. New York Hilton.
Looking It Over: The House subcommittees on Inter-American Affairs and International Economic Policy and Trade hold the first of a series of four joint hearings on Mr. Reagan's Caribbean Basin initiative. Administration witnesses to appear. 2 P.M., Room 2172, Rayburn Building.
Holding the Line: With gasoline and heating oil prices down and the recession biting hard into business activities, hopes are high that the Consumer Price Index for February, due out today, will show a rise as low or lower than the 0.3 increase recorded in January.
On the Bench: The Supreme Court will utilize electronic equipment for the first time when a deaf lawyer uses a special computerized device allowing him to argue on behalf of a client. The client is a deaf fourth grader seeking to force her Westchester County school district to provide a sign-language interpreter. 10 A.M.
Hot Debate: It's expected in Room 2228 of the Dirksen Office Building at 3:30 P.M. when the Senate Judiciary Committee tries to give final shape to the Voting Rights Act. Wednesday
The Democratic National Committee begins final consideration of proposals for a more perfect Presidential nominating system. Newly suggested rules would provide for a shortened primary process and insure the inclusion of more party and elected officials. Shoreham Hotel. Thursday
President Reagan meets with President Sandro Pertini of Italy, who is here on an official visit. He'll also be entertained tonight at a White House dinner by two Americans of Italian descent who have made it big, Perry Como and Frank Sinatra.
Dealing With Dying: Several hundred legal and medical experts, theologians, academics and bioethicists gather for a three-day conference on questions surrounding the terminally ill. National Presbyterian Center. Friday National Commission on Social Security holds second meeting in study of Social Security reform. 9:30 A.M., Room 5110, Dirksen Office Building.
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Monday The daffodils are popping up along Rock Creek Park. But there is not likely to be much evidence of spring fever around the capital this week as Congress and Administration officials wrestle with the budget, the economy and unrest in Latin America, especially in El Salvador. Foreign Minister Yoshio Sakurauchi of Japan, on his first foreign trip since his appointment last November, meets with President Reagan today and Secretary of State Alexander M. Haig Jr. tomorrow. It's expected they'll discuss world issues in general as well as sensitive trade relations.
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Kissinger Calls Report About Nixon a 'Myth'
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LOS ANGELES, April 21— Henry A. Kissinger, the former Secretary of State, has denied a published report that he once said former President Nixon, as a result of excessive drinking, would be incoherent if awakened at night.
''That's one of the myths that's being put out that's absolutely not correct,'' Mr. Kissinger told Merv Griffin in an interview on ''The Merv Show,'' recorded Tuesday for a syndicated broadcast May 6.
The report appears in an article in The Atlantic Monthly, based on a forthcoming book by Seymour Hersh, a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist. In the article, Mr. Hersh quotes Roger Morris, who was an aide to Mr. Kissinger, as saying: ''Nixon drank exceptionally at night. There were many times when a cable would come in late and Henry would say, 'There's no sense waking him up - he'd be incoherent.' ''
Mr. Kissinger also denied an assertion in the magazine article that Mr. Nixon had told him, in reference to Vietnam, ''Henry, we've got to nuke them.''
Mr. Hersh, a former reporter for The New York Times, attributed that quotation to a White House aide, Egil Krogh Jr. David R. Young Jr., a former White House aide who was assigned to track down unauthorized disclosures, reportedly overheard the remark while listening in on telephone coversations between Mr. Kissinger and Mr. Nixon.
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Henry A. Kissinger, the former Secretary of State, has denied a published report that he once said former President Nixon, as a result of excessive drinking, would be incoherent if awakened at night. ''That's one of the myths that's being put out that's absolutely not correct,'' Mr. Kissinger told Merv Griffin in an interview on ''The Merv Show,'' recorded Tuesday for a syndicated broadcast May 6.
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CREDIT MARKETS - NYTimes.com
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Interest rates rose slightly yesterday in a very quiet day, with most of the increase coming in the last hour or so of trading. Low trading volume and a narrow range for prices were good signs, dealers said, that the uncertain interest rate outlook had caused many speculators and investors to curb their activity while waiting for more information about the economy.
By late in the day, three- and six-month Treasury bill rates had increased about an eighth of a percentage point, to 12.85 percent and 12.9 percent, respectively.
In the Treasury note and bond market, prices of most issues fell slightly, with new 14 percent notes due in 1986 falling to 99 19/32 to yield 14.13 percent, compared with an average price slightly more than 99 27/32 at Wednsesday's auction.
The seven-year Treasury notes to be sold next Wednesday were offered by dealers on a when-issued basis to yield 14.03 percent. In the 10- and 30-year maturity area, corporate issues must offer higher yields than the 13.93 percent yield on 10-year Treasury notes and 13.48 percent for 14 percent Treasury bonds due 2011 that were offered at 103 22/32. Corporations Discouraged
Many corporations that want to sell notes and bonds are discouraged by high interest rates that start in the mid-teens for high quality companies and rise to more than 18 percent for Baa-rated utilities. Some have turned to the tax-exempt bond market where they may sell bonds at lower interest rates through special authorities created by local governments. Those issues carry lower yields because their interest payments are exempt from Federal income tax.
One recent example of this practice is the Aa/AA+-rated General Motors Corporation, which is financing pollution control equipment at facilities in Michigan through the sale of $87 million of bonds by the Michigan Job Development Authority. The 10 1/4 percent bonds due 2002 are tentatively priced by the First Boston Corporation at 100. The interest rate would have been significantly higher, except that bond holders have the one-time option on March 1, 1985, of redeeming the securities at a price of 100.
Elsewhere in the tax-exempt market, the Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago rejected both bids it received for a $60 million issue of Aa-rated revenue bonds. Two groups led by Chicago banks bid for the issue, but in order to keep the interest cost to the authority below the legal maximum of 11.55 percent, they were forced to reduce the maturities from the 1984-1998 range proposed by the district to as near as 1984-1989.
A companion $51 million issue of 9.7 percent notes due in April and November 1983 was won by the Continental Illinois National Bank, but was not publicly reoffered.
In the agency sector, the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation sold $42.7 million of mortgage participation certificates at an average yield of 15.59 percent.
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Interest Rates Climb Slightly Interest rates rose slightly yesterday in a very quiet day, with most of the increase coming in the last hour or so of trading. Low trading volume and a narrow range for prices were good signs, dealers said, that the uncertain interest rate outlook had caused many speculators and investors to curb their activity while waiting for more information about the economy. By late in the day, three- and six-month Treasury bill rates had increased about an eighth of a percentage point, to 12.85 percent and 12.9 percent, respectively.
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NOMINATION DRIVE PRESSED ON COAST
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SAN FRANCISCO, April 24— Two months of campaigning that included a $700,000 splurge on television commercials in the Los Angeles area have revitalized Lieut. Gov. Mike Curb's campaign for the Republican nomination for Governor.
After leading in the polls for a year, Mr. Curb fell behind Attorney General George Deukmejian, 43 percent to 32 percent, with 25 percent undecided, in a California Poll taken in January. But then, in a California Poll in March, Mr. Curb was back in front, 50 to 40 percent, with 10 percent undecided.
The leading Democratic candidate is Mayor Tom Bradley of Los Angeles. Gov. Edmund G. Brown Jr., a Democrat, is running for the United States Senate.
From January to March, Mr. Curb stepped up his campaigning. Some of the southern California television spots were meant to explain his opposition to building the proposed Peripheral Canal, which would expand the transmission of water to the south from rivers in northern California.
Mr. Deukmejian favors the Peripheral Canal, as Mr. Curb did until last October, when he formally announced his candidacy. Mr. Curb's critics suggest that he had decided to oppose the canal to attract northern Californians. Curb Explains Switch on Canal
Mr. Curb says in rebuttal that he switched his views on the canal at considerable political peril, considering the fact that most California voters live in the south, and back the canal proposal. He said he had conducted a study of the proposal that persuaded him it was too costly, would be environmentally damaging and was not necessary.
His strength as a campaigner was on display here Tuesday night at a fund-raising event at the St. Francis Hotel. His audience included many Republican business leaders; he was introduced by Benjamin F. Biaggini, chairman of the Southern Pacific Company, which owns the Southern Pacific Railroad.
''Give Ronald Reagan a Governor in California who will support his programs,'' Mr. Curb told the audience. On crime, he said, ''We spend too much time worrying about rights of criminals and not enough thinking about rights of victims.''
He said Chief Justice Rose Bird of the California Supreme Court consistently favored criminal defendants. He supports holding an election on ousting her from office. He said he would vote against each of the three recent court appointees nominated by Governor Brown.
The Chief Justice was appointed to her post by Governor Brown in 1976 when she was his Secretary of Agriculture. Her nomination was confirmed in the 1978 election. Stormy Relations With Brown
The Lieutenant Governor's relations with the Governor have been stormy. Governors and lieutenant governors are elected separately in California and can be from different political parties.
Mr. Curb almost always identifies himself as a businessman with the economic upper class of his fund-raising audiences. The crowd at the St. Francis paid $250 a plate; the 450 who went to a fund event in Los Angeles Wednesday night paid $1,000 a plate.
Urging welfare reform, Mr. Curb said, ''It is possible for a family of four to get $17,800 tax free.'' A spokesman for the Curb campaign said that that figure included money from the Federal program of Aid for Families with Dependent Children; Medi-Cal, the medical program for the state's poor; food stamps, child care payments, rent subsidy, and energy assistance for the indigent, all at maximum levels, for a total of $17,882 a year.
These figures were taken from a study by the office of William Hamm, the California Legislative Analyst, who advises members of the Legislature on the effect of proposed legislation. Greg Schmidt, chief consultant to the Assembly's Human Services Committee, said: ''In real life, that never would happen. No family would get all that benefit from the programs. It's Ronald Reagan all over again.'' Contrasts as Public Speakers
Mr. Curb, who is 37 years old, is an immaculately groomed man about 6 feet tall. His words sometimes tumble over one another in his speeches. Where the 53-year-old Mr. Deukmejian, his opponent for the Republican nomination, seems slow, cautious and deliberate as a public speaker, Mr. Curb seems quick, opinionated and assertive.
Mr. Curb is a California political phenomenon rooted in the Reagan era. He says he became a multimillionaire as the founder of a record company in Los Angeles, which he sold to MGM Records after serving for a time as that concern's president. He got into politics as a Reagan Presidential supporter in 1976. In 1978 he defeated the incumbent Lieutenant Governor, Mervyn Dymally, a Democrat.
Charges that Mr. Curb committed criminal acts when he was in the record business were checked out by the California Department of Justice. In 1979, Mr. Deukmejian said the inquiry had been closed for lack of ''any evidence to corroborate the allegations'' of a usually reliable criminal informer.
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Two months of campaigning that included a $700,000 splurge on television commercials in the Los Angeles area have revitalized Lieut. Gov. Mike Curb's campaign for the Republican nomination for Governor. After leading in the polls for a year, Mr. Curb fell behind Attorney General George Deukmejian, 43 percent to 32 percent, with 25 percent undecided, in a California Poll taken in January. But then, in a California Poll in March, Mr. Curb was back in front, 50 to 40 percent, with 10 percent undecided. The leading Democratic candidate is Mayor Tom Bradley of Los Angeles. Gov. Edmund G. Brown Jr., a Democrat, is running for the United States Senate.
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ALLBRITTON ACTS TO EXTEND TALKS ON DAILY NEWS
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Joe L. Allbritton, the Texas financier who is trying to acquire The Daily News, asked the present owners yesterday for more time to negotiate cost cuts with the paper's unions.
With Mayor Koch calling for resumption of the stalled talks, Mr. Allbritton provided a de facto extention of the deadline he had set for last night as he made his appeal to the owners, the Tribune Company of Chicago.
There was no immediate reponse from Chicago, and Mr. Allbritton's chief bargainer, Edward Silver, said he did not expect one before today.
Mr. Allbritton did not say how much more time he wanted. His option to acquire The News, the nation's largest-selling general interest daily, expires Friday. Resumption of Talks Urged
He acted as Mayor Koch renewed his efforts to get the talks back on the track. In a telegram to Mr. Allbritton, to the Tribune Company's president, Stanton R. Cook, and to George E. McDonald, president of an alliance of 11 newspaper unions, the Mayor said: ''I ask that these negotiations be allowed to continue beyond the deadline that has been set. The City of New York and I personally stand ready to take any reasonable steps to help preserve The Daily News.''
Mr. McDonald said the unions were ready to resume the talks, which had broken off Thursday, and he thanked the Mayor for his help. Mr. Silver said that he also was ready to talk but that it was not ''realistic'' to do so unless the option to buy was extended.
The Mayor's plea appeared to offer all the parties a face-saving way out of the rigid positions in which they were locked on Thursday. The specific issue then was whether Mr. Allbritton's proposals for a two-year wage freeze and a five-year contract were negotiable. The Allbritton representatives said they had to have the package; the unions said they might accept it but had to be free to bargain for more favorable terms. City's Help Offered
In asking that yesterday's deadline be extended and offering his personal help, the Mayor was more specific than he had been on Friday in a vaguely worded offer of city help. Yesterday's telegrams also put new pressure on the Tribune Company, which has been out of the limelight since it agreed April 1 to let Mr. Allbritton acquire the paper if he could strike a deal with the unions.
The newspaper has a daily circulation of 1.5 million, but the Tribune Company, projecting News losses of $50 million both this year and next, said it would shut the paper at some unspecified date if Mr. Allbritton could not make a deal. Closing the paper, however, would cost an estimated total of $90 million in pension and severance payments to the more than 4,000 full-time and part-time employees. In addition the printers' union has said it might sue for extra pay because its 550 members at the News have lifetime job guarantees.
Offsetting the Tribune's liabilities are the newspaper's 37-story Art Deco building at 42d Street and Second Avenue, said to be worth $150 million, and the land, equipment and buildings at its Brooklyn and Queens plants. Benefits to Those Laid Off
Under its letter of intent with Mr. Allbritton, the Tribune Company would keep the 42d Street building but would have to pay the severance and pension benefits for any workers who quit now - a potential liability estimated at around $45 million if Mr. Allbritton gets his demand for a reduction of 1,600 positions.
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Joe L. Allbritton, the Texas financier who is trying to acquire The Daily News, asked the present owners yesterday for more time to negotiate cost cuts with the paper's unions. With Mayor Koch calling for resumption of the stalled talks, Mr. Allbritton provided a de facto extention of the deadline he had set for last night as he made his appeal to the owners, the Tribune Company of Chicago. There was no immediate reponse from Chicago, and Mr. Allbritton's chief bargainer, Edward Silver, said he did not expect one before today.
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U.S. DECISION TO EMBARGO LIBYAN OIL IS REPORTED
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WASHINGTON, Feb. 25— The Reagan Administration decided today to order an embargo of oil from Libya, Administration officials said. They said the decision was approved by President Reagan at a National Security Council meeting this afternoon and follows months of discussion within the Administration on steps to be taken against the regime of Col. Muammar el-Qaddafi, which the Administration has accused of supporting world terrorism.
The National Security Council also voted to cut off the sale of United States-made oil drilling equipment to Libya, the officials said. They asked that their names not be used.
Mr. Reagan can act under the same legal authority that led President Carter to halt trade between the United States and Iran. Since the buildup of tensions between the United States and Libya, American oil imports from that country have slipped steadily to a point where they now total just 3 percent of United States imports. But the amount, about 150,000 barrels a day, represents 15 percent of Libya's exports.
According to published accounts of staff meetings held by Secretary of State Alexander M. Haig Jr., an oil embargo is ''phase two'' of the anti-Libyan policy of the Reagan Administration.
The first phase, which called for all Americans to leave Libya, was announced last December when the Administration was concerned about intelligence reports indicating that Colonel Qaddafi had ordered the assassination of Mr. Reagan or other senior officials. The reports were never verified.
John Lichtblau, an oil industry analyst with the New York-based Petroleum Industry Research Foundation, reached by telephone in Cairo, said he thought the proposed embargo would have no effect on the United States or Libya.
''There is the same quality of oil from Nigeria, the North Sea and Algeria,'' he said. ''Libyan oil has not been required in the market.''
At the same time, he added, ''I'm not sure Libya is going to be affected.'' Several American oil companies maintain a presence in Libya, according to Mr. Lichtblau, but they have sold most of their oil to countries other than the United States.
And although the Administration has decided that drilling eqipment will also be embargoed, Mr. Lichtblau said Libya could purchase equipment from several European countries as well as the Soviet Union.
The largest American oil company operating in Libya is Occidental Petroleum, but its work force has declined from a peak of 326 employees there to three senior executives.
An oil industry official who would comment only on the condition that his name not be used said that he expected the embargo to go into effect after the Administration consulted with members of Congress, United States allies and business leaders.
The Administration has accused Libya of having served as a training ground and haven for terrorism around the world and of trying to destabilize neighboring states in Africa.
Last May the Administration expelled all Libyan diplomats. The last American diplomats had been withdrawn from Libya in 1980 after the United States Embassy was burned by a mob.
Last August, the American Sixth Fleet held maneuvers close to Libyan waters. That led to a confrontation in which two United States F-14's shot down two Libyan Soviet-built fighters. ---- Same Category as Soviet
WASHINGTON, Feb. 25 (AP) - According to the Middle East Policy Survey, which reported the embargo in the Friday edition of its newsletter, the export controls ordered by the Reagan Administration would place Libya in the same category as the Soviet Union.
Libya would be barred from getting oil and gas equipment as well as computers and air traffic control equipment, which can be used for either civilian or military purposes.
Despite official United States disapproval of the Libyan Government, documents obtained last month showed American companies had supplied Libya with $53 million in weapons and material since 1969. The equipment ranged from military cargo planes to weaponssighting devices and guided missile components.
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The Reagan Administration decided today to order an embargo of oil from Libya, Administration officials said. They said the decision was approved by President Reagan at a National Security Council meeting this afternoon and follows months of discussion within the Administration on steps to be taken against the regime of Col. Muammar el-Qaddafi, which the Administration has accused of supporting world terrorism. The National Security Council also voted to cut off the sale of United States-made oil drilling equipment to Libya, the officials said. They asked that their names not be used.
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BOOKS OF THE TIMES
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By Michiko Kakutani EDITH SITWELL. Fire of the Mind. An an- thology by Elizabeth Salter and Allanah Harper. 320 pages. Vanguard. $15.95.
POET, essayist, critic, celebrity and willful avatar of modernism, Edith Sitwell has begun to inspire a literary myth as durable as that of her contemporary Virginia Woolf. The last three years alone have witnessed the publication of a Sitwell family biography as well as two studies of Dame Edith herself. ''The Sitwells belong to the history of publicity rather than of poetry,'' F.R. Leavis once remarked, and Dame Edith, for all her real accomplishments, has suffered the fate of a writer whose life elicits more interest than her work: though the details of her literary feuds with Wyndham Lewis and Noel Coward are now well documented, many of her 40-odd books are unavailable and her poetry is not widely read. Given such a state of affairs, the publication of a new anthology of Dame Edith's writings would seem a welcome event indeed -a timely opportunity to reassess her work and see just how well it has withstood the years.
Unfortunately, Elizabeth Salter's and Allanah Harper's ''Fire of the Mind'' is too poorly organized to demonstrate the range and development of Dame Edith's talent. Since the excerpts from her work are not arranged chronologically - in fact, are not even dated - it is difficult to trace the maturation of her vision. And instead of letting the poet's work speak for itself, the editors have added quotations from such friends as Harold Acton and Stephen Spender, critical assessments culled from papers of the day and their own editorial comments.
We are given an account by Dame Edith's brother of how their father attempted to straighten her nose and improve her posture by placing her in a steel orthopedic device. We learn of her doomed love affair with the homosexual painter Pavel Tchelitchew from a memoir written by William Carlos Williams. And we hear from Brian Howard that her teas, in his opinion, were peopled ''with common little nobodies.'' There are samples of Dame Edith's wit - she once wrote of Bloomsbury, ''They've civilized all their instincts away'' - and examples of her descriptive powers, including the well-known passage on ''ornamental hermits'' from ''English Eccentrics.'' The result, while intermittently entertaining, is a sort of historical scrapbook that possesses neither the narrative integrity of a straight biography nor the virtue of letting the reader directly apprehend the poet's work.
Although the selections appearing in this volume are somewhat unbalanced - there is only a single excerpt from ''Gold Coast Customs,'' the book that marked Dame Edith's developing sense of social injustice and despair, but more than a dozen from her first long poem, ''Sleeping Beauty'' - they do serve to illuminate the basic lineaments of her life and career.
The relationship between her poetry and prose emerges - images of flowers, animals, waves and sleep, for instance, repeat and echo throughout her work - as well as her method o f building images upon images. ''Women like little ermines,'' she wr ote in ''Readers and Writers'' in 1922, ''walking between dark bus hes that bear only the pearl-berries of the snow, under skies that a re like the bitter, gilded rind of some rare and unattainable fru it.'' Toward Solemnity
Today, of course, such Baroque improvisations seem strangely artificial - as much an artifact from the age of romanticism as Dame Edith, with her Plantagenet looks and Gothic manner of dress, must have seemed, in her own day, an anachronism from the Elizabethan age. The labored stylizations of her early poems, however, helped introduce a new musicality, a new concern with rhythm, into English poetry, and their technical virtuosity and glittering whimsy gave way, in later works, to a new solemnity.
In the wake of World War II and a series of personal losses - her failed affair with Tchelitchew, her brother Osbert's affliction with Parkinson's disease and her own financial problems - Dame Edith's poetry took on a brooding, prophetic tone, a concern with social issues and matters of the spirit replacing the satire and games. She was not, in retrospect, a major poet, but her work was always original and often prescient and it had a substantial impact in its day - an impact that is only hinted at in this well-meaning but flawed anthology.
Illustrations: photo of Edith Sitwell
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By Michiko Kakutani EDITH SITWELL. Fire of the Mind. An an- thology by Elizabeth Salter and Allanah Harper. 320 pages. Vanguard. $15.95. POET, essayist, critic, celebrity and willful avatar of modernism, Edith Sitwell has begun to inspire a literary myth as durable as that of her contemporary Virginia Woolf. The last three years alone have witnessed the publication of a Sitwell family biography as well as two studies of Dame Edith herself. ''The Sitwells belong to the history of publicity rather than of poetry,'' F.R. Leavis once remarked, and Dame Edith, for all her real accomplishments, has suffered the fate of a writer whose life elicits more interest than her work: though the details of her literary feuds with Wyndham Lewis and Noel Coward are now well documented, many of her 40-odd books are unavailable and her poetry is not widely read. Given such a state of affairs, the publication of a new anthology of Dame Edith's writings would seem a welcome event indeed -a timely opportunity to reassess her work and see just how well it has withstood the years.
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FOREIGN AFFAIRS - THE CURSE OF NOT KNOWING - NYTimes.com
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20150524122427
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PARIS, Jan. 3— A private report from Warsaw, based on access to high-level information, said that Gen. Wojciech Jaruzelski was on the verge of suicide about 10 days ago. According to this account, Poland's military leader was in a state of despair when he learned that miners were killed and workers were solemnly enraged at what he said was a regime of national salvation.
It is impossible to prove, but it is credible. General Jaruzelski's prestige, which brought him to the leadership, was founded on his previous refusal to order Polish soldiers to use force against Poles.
The report said he was appalled at the way application of martial law was getting out of hand and closing down Poland's prospects. There has been indirect confirmation from the army newspaper, one of the few allowed to publish after the coup, which declared that ''revenge is not in the spirit of socialism'' and denounced unspecified acts of reprisal under the guise of establishing order.
There is considerably more indirect confirmation that while the coup was thoroughly and carefully planned, there was little if any thought beforehand as to how the regime would then proceed to meet the country's distress.
''Obviously,'' a lifelong Polish Communist told me shortly after Dec. 13, ''General Jaruzelski has a political plan. It hinges on Lech Walesa,'' the Solidarity leader. But if Mr. Walesa had capitulated from the start, what difference would it make to the country's chances? ''That's true,'' the loyalist said. ''Then Walesa would be finished too.''
That is the point. It is now sufficiently obvious that there was no real plan t o advance Poland's revival, only to suppress a popular demand for re form. Whether the suppression was ordered by Moscow or undertaken by Poles trying to head off another occupation is secondary. Th e only option was who must take responsibility for suppression, not whether the Soviet Union would allow it to be avoided.
Further word from Warsaw is that the Polish Communist Party remains bitterly divided. Deputy Premier Mieczyslaw Rakowski, who hurried to Bonn in search of indulgence for the coup last week, is the bestknown reformist in the current Polish leader-ship. For years he argued discreetly about the need to open up the system, even to question the dogma of ''the leading role of the Party'' so as to admit an invigoration of competence and good will.
That was long before even a thought of Solidarity existed. Mr. Rakowski has always been on what might be called the inner fringe, fighting hard-line adversaries who refused to yield an inch, and resisting those who demanded more than seemed obtainable.
In the first few days of total information blackout, there even seemed to be a possibility that the military with its nationalist tradition was going to use its power to overwhelm the Party troglodytes, those who had repeatedly subverted the compromise that moderates in both the regime and Solidarity seemed to seek. Now, too many people have been interned. Too many decrees have been issued. The security forces, an ominous Eastern European phrase quite distinct from the conscript armed forces, have regained the power to terrorize. So what is left to the Rakowskis and even t he Jaruzelskis, beyond trying to cajole the West into maintaining su bsidy for a bankrupt regime? Didn't they know how Poles would reac t? How could they fail to know, from their own lifetimes as well as their country's history,that open opposition could be quelled but coo peration could not be commanded?
A clandestine Solidarity tract, which reached Paris from Warsaw, offers 15 points of advice on passive resistance. The theme is: ''Follow the most idiotic instructions to the letter. Don't try to solve problems ... the stupidity of the rules is your surest ally.
''Work slowly; criticize the disorder and inefficiency of the bosses; leave all decisions to the military commanders and collaborators; drown them with questions; tell them your doubts; don't think for them; play dumb.''
If that's counterrevolutionary, it's been going on for a long time. It is the instinctive reaction of Poles who felt too long they weren't allowed to work for themselves and their country, that they had to serve a regime whose aims they cannot share.
The essential idea of ''renewal'' in Poland was to reverse that state of affairs peaceably, and to provide an encouraging outlet for energies.
But again and again, the leadership didn't know. They could scarcely know, because by definition the regime was based on frightening people into silence and where possible into flattering lip-service. There are huge implications, affecting what may be only a mirage of power-bloc stability in this dangerous world.
There are also small implications, but no one escapes them. From ruler all down the pecking order, refusing to hear leads to not knowing. That's why it takes free speech, however unpleasant, to make society fruitful. Order is one thing, and armies are trained to produce just that. Then what? Those who don't know can't produce more.
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A private report from Warsaw, based on access to high-level information, said that Gen. Wojciech Jaruzelski was on the verge of suicide about 10 days ago. According to this account, Poland's military leader was in a state of despair when he learned that miners were killed and workers were solemnly enraged at what he said was a regime of national salvation. It is impossible to prove, but it is credible. General Jaruzelski's prestige, which brought him to the leadership, was founded on his previous refusal to order Polish soldiers to use force against Poles.
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http://www.nytimes.com/1982/01/15/business/no-headline-172654.html
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150524123926id_/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/01/15/business/no-headline-172654.html
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No Headline - NYTimes.com
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20150524123926
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WASHINGTON, Jan. 14 (AP) - The Federal Communications Commission has concluded an investigation of alleged anticompetitive practices by the Western Union Telegraph Company without ordering sanctions against the communications concern.
The F.C.C., in a brief public notice issued Wednesday, said the allegations that prompted the investigation had been superseded by a later F.C.C. ruling, by Western Union's decision to allow international carriers to interconnect with its network, and ''the evolving comptitive market.''
Wednesday's public notice marked the first formal acknowledgement by the F.C.C. that it had even initiated an investigation of Western Union in July 1980. The Associated Press had reported the start of the study, howev er, and Western Union later i ssued a statement confirming that business records had been sub poenaed.
Western Union and the companies that have traditionally offered international telecommunications service are known as record carriers, because they transmit telegrams, telex messages and computer data, rather than voice communications.
Until early 1980, Western Union had a virtual monopoly over the provision of telex and telegram service in the United States, including the pickup and delivery of much of the overseas traffic handled by the international carriers.
The F.C.C. investigation, however, was begun as regulations were being changed that allowed the international carriers to expand their own pickup and delivery points, or gateways, within the United States, and authorized Graphnet Inc. to operate a domestic network in direct competition with Western Union.
The investigation focused on two different areas: Western Union's 1980 offer of substantial discounts to the international carriers that routed inbound telegram traffic to its network, and the company's refusal to let the international carriers interconnect their networks with Western Union at their own designated gateways.
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Western Union Inquiry WASHINGTON, Jan. 14 (AP) - The Federal Communications Commission has concluded an investigation of alleged anticompetitive practices by the Western Union Telegraph Company without ordering sanctions against the communications concern. The F.C.C., in a brief public notice issued Wednesday, said the allegations that prompted the investigation had been superseded by a later F.C.C. ruling, by Western Union's decision to allow international carriers to interconnect with its network, and ''the evolving comptitive market.''
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http://www.nytimes.com/1982/01/17/movies/preview-of-one-from-the-heart.html
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150524124200id_/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/01/17/movies/preview-of-one-from-the-heart.html
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PREVIEW OF 'ONE FROM THE HEART'
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20150524124200
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In previewing his new film, ''One From the Heart,'' twice Friday night at Radio City Music Hall, Francis Coppola fulfilled his desire to present his new work directly to the public and let the public decide on its merits.
The public, for its part, was polite. While viewing the film under perhaps the most glamorous possible circumstances, the audiences remained receptive and interested. There was scattered laughter, and there were ripples of appreciation for some of the lovelier sets and special effects. At the film's end, it was greeted with measured, if not wildly enthusiastic, applause.
So the evening, with its two sold-out previews, could in no way be viewed as a fiasco. But neither was it the triumphant debut Mr. Coppola had doubtless hoped for two weeks ago, when he hurriedly planned this unorthodox unveiling of his ambitious new musical movie. Mr. Coppola's advertisement describes the film as ''a new kind of old-fashioned romance.''
Mr. Coppola arranged the previews so unexpectedly that his plans became known to Paramount Pictures, the film's ostensible distributor, only through an advertisement placed by Mr. Coppola in last Sunday's New York Times. Since then, the director has expressed dissatisfaction with Paramount and threatened to terminate his distribution arrangement with the studio - something he is free to do, because the film is owned by Mr. Coppola's own Zoetrope Studios.
Paramount has offered very little in the way of comment, but the studio and Mr. Coppola are apparently still negotiating. At a news conference between screenings Friday, Mr. Coppola did not rule out the possibility that he might settle his differences with Paramount before Feb. 10, the date on which the studio had originally announced it would rel ease the movie.
When the film is indeed released, it may in some respects be disappointing, but it will stand as yet another innovative, audacious effort from the director of ''The Godfather'' and ''Apocalypse Now.'' In ''One From the Heart,'' Mr. Coppola has combined richly imaginative sets and backdrops, bluesy music by Tom Waits and drifting, overlapping action to create a throughly American romance with a Las Vegas setting. The sets include a department store, a motel, a suburban street, a row of gambling casinos and a yard littered with wildly fanciful billboard and car parts. The date is the Fourth of July.
When a dream girl appears to brighten one man's fantasies, she luxuriates in an enormous martini glass or dances on the roof of his convertible. When lovers tango in an imaginary tropical paradise, there's a cruise ship anchored discreetly offshore. The America of these fantasies, as painted by Mr. Coppola in soft, gorgeous neon hues, is far more affecting and important than any of the people who wander through these landscapes.
Though the film is ostensibly about lovers (played by Frederic Forrest and Teri Garr) who drift apart and then back together, the sets are invariably more interesting than the people who inhabit them. The characters -Nastassia Kinski and Raul Julia complete the romantic foursome - never compete successfully with the scenery. They seem to be living very small lives in very big spaces.
''One From the Heart'' has so little in the way of story or tension, in fact, that the effect of Mr. Coppola's dazzling technical feats is almost superfluous at times; it's as if Remb randt were painting Easter eggs. From its very first moments, which consistof a credit s equence so beautiful that it's better than plenty of full-length m ovies, ''One From the Heart'' promises a grace and radiance that is only intermittently warranted by the material.
There are ravishing things in this movie, plenty of them, enough to mark it as a brave and original effort. But the bravura moments are as apt to end abruptly as they are to flow easily together. Despite the technological advances that allowed Mr. Coppola to construct a kind of video blueprint for his work, a blueprint he could edit and modify in the planning stages, ''One From the Heart'' is often choppy enough to break its own spell. A spell is what it is, though: Mr Coppola clearly means to weave the lights, colors, music and dance into something magical.
So when a woman looks into a mirror and speaks of the man who'll make her dreams come true, that man's face materializes beside hers. When lovers quarrel and separate, their images are somehow united on the screen. When they make up, the rain stops and the darkness lifts, and their home is bathed in warm yellow light, while the birds down the street begin singing. There's not a moment in ''One From the Heart'' when Mr. Coppola isn't after something romantic and glorious, something inexpressibly grand. At times, he even gets what he's after.
ONE FROM THE HEART, directed by Francis Coppola; screenplay by Armyan Bernstein and Mr. Coppola; story by Mr. Bernstein; director of photography, Ronald V. Garcia; songs and music by Tom Waits; photography, Vittorio Storaro; edited by Arne Goursaud with Rudi Fehr and Randy Roberts; produced by Gray Frederickson and Fred Roos. Previewed at Radio City Music Hall.
Hank . . . . . Frederick Forrest
Frannie . . . . . Teri Garr
Ray . . . . . Raul Julia
Leila . . . . . Nastassia Kinski
Maggie . . . . . Lainie Kazan
Moe . . . . . Harry Dean Stanton
Hairdresser . . . . . Luana Anders
Restaurant Customer . . . . . Edward Blackoff
Leila's Brother . . . . . Caleb Chung
Woman in Elevator . . . . . Italia Coppola
Man in Elevator . . . . . Carmine Coppola
Restaurant Customer . . . . . Rebecca de Mornay
Airline Ticket Agents . . . . . Eve Douglas and Jeff Hamlin
Hairdresser . . . . . Josh Gannelli
Restaurant Owner . . . . . Allan Goorwitz
Waiter-Javier . . . . . Javier Grajeda
Punk at Airport . . . . . Roy Johns
Man With Cigar . . . . . Enrico Martinelli
Restaurant Customers . . . . . Cynthia Kania, Michael Neil and Monica Scattini
Waitress . . . . . Lynn Marie Stewart
Leila's Father and Mother . . . . . Carl and Ruth Carlsson-Wollbruck
Photo: photo of Nastassia Kinski
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In previewing his new film, ''One From the Heart,'' twice Friday night at Radio City Music Hall, Francis Coppola fulfilled his desire to present his new work directly to the public and let the public decide on its merits. The public, for its part, was polite. While viewing the film under perhaps the most glamorous possible circumstances, the audiences remained receptive and interested. There was scattered laughter, and there were ripples of appreciation for some of the lovelier sets and special effects. At the film's end, it was greeted with measured, if not wildly enthusiastic, applause.
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http://www.bostonglobe.com/arts/music/2015/05/25/album-review-joshua-redman-and-bad-plus-the-bad-plus-joshua-redman/8WdQ1FbICntfOUyLWLsImI/story.html
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150529073501id_/http://www.bostonglobe.com:80/arts/music/2015/05/25/album-review-joshua-redman-and-bad-plus-the-bad-plus-joshua-redman/8WdQ1FbICntfOUyLWLsImI/story.html
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Joshua Redman and the Bad Plus, ‘The Bad Plus Joshua Redman’
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20150529073501
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Having covered Black Sabbath’s “Iron Man,” Stravinsky’s “Rite of Spring,” and, most recently, Ornette Coleman’s epochal “Science Fiction,” piano trio the Bad Plus returns to its own intricate explorations of song form and improvisation. (One of its albums is called “Prog,” after all.) It’s aided this time by saxophonist Joshua Redman. The knotty, gleaming structures often have hooky pop appeal (bassist Reid Anderson’s “Dirty Blonde,”), and the band can deliver an affecting ballad with brushes (“Lack the Faith But Not the Wine,” with lovely contrasting themes played by Redman and pianist Ethan Iverson). Iverson’s “Faith Through Error” kicks off with speedy, tightly wound arpeggios before becoming unhinged, then settling into an odd, minor-key march. There are few obvious jazz signifiers: no walking-bass swing, no Afro-Latin grooves, no blues. But Anderson’s “Silence Is the Question,” with its slow-build free-jazz rave-up over a long arc of development (13:31), is the kind of prog any Ornette fan could get behind. (Out Tuesday)
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The Bad Plus returns to its own intricate explorations of song form and improvisation, aided this time by saxophonist Joshua Redman.
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http://www.bostonglobe.com/arts/television/2015/05/23/ticket-for-sunday-may/aF7BwyW5kX9p7XRDcDyIkM/story.html
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150529085433id_/http://www.bostonglobe.com:80/arts/television/2015/05/23/ticket-for-sunday-may/aF7BwyW5kX9p7XRDcDyIkM/story.html
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TV Ticket for Sunday, May 24
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20150529085433
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Thank you, “Veep,” for bringing Hugh Laurie into the fold, as Selina’s running mate. Does his Tom James have an agenda, which may be why he said he didn’t remember his almost-sex session with Selina from 12 years ago? I hope so. But meanwhile, it’s fun watching his genial manner and popularity make Selina writhe in jealousy. She’s his ticket to the top, and she doesn’t like being used.
Texas Rising 9 p.m., History
This new 10-hour miniseries about the Texas Revolution in the 1830s and the rise of the Texas Rangers is from the team that made “Hatfields & McCoys,” a huge hit for History. The cast includes Bill Paxton, Brendan Fraser, Ray Liotta, Olivier Martinez, Thomas Jane, Crispin Glover, Jeremy Davies, and Kris Kristofferson. And Roland Joffé (of “The Killing Fields” and “The Mission”) directed.
Inside Amy Schumer 10:30 p.m., Comedy Central
Wow. She is having an excellent season so far, possibly her best yet. Almost every sketch has been funny as well as pointed, ridiculing some of our culture’s deeply embedded sexism. And the episode-long “12 Angry Men” parody, featuring a room of male jurors debating whether Schumer is attractive enough to be on TV, was a classic.
Swab Stories 9 p.m., VH1
Which is this reality show about, 1 or 2? 1) Seamen talk about the good times they’ve had swabbing the decks of boats — and the challenging times, too, such as that night when the crew all got sick while on deck. 2) A “Who’s Your Daddy” truck cruises New York providing people with DNA tests. The clients include everyone from sperm-donor kids looking for siblings to a guy who thinks he might be dating his brother. OK, the answer is 2, but it was close, right?
David Duchovny, actor, writer, musician, and whatnot, plays Los Angeles Detective Sam Hodiak, a cop in 1967 who’s looking into a missing teen when he stumbles across Charles Manson. Gethin Anthony, who was Renly Baratheon on “Game of Thrones,” plays Manson. NBC is airing the show every week, but also going Netflix on us and releasing the entire first season online and on demand after the two-hour premiere.
Boston Symphony Orchestra 9 p.m., WGBH 2
This episode of “Great Performances” features conductor Andris Nelsons’s first concert as the 15th music director of the BSO. Recorded last September, it includes soprano Kristine Opolais and tenor Jonas Kaufmann performing selections from the Wagnerian and Italian verismo repertoires.
The Secret Life of Marilyn Monroe 8 p.m., Lifetime
Yeah, more Marilyn. This two-part miniseries, starring Kelli Garner as the legendary star, focuses on her relationship with her mother, Gladys. The cast includes Emily Watson, Jeffrey Dean Morgan, Susan Sarandon as Gladys, and Sarandon’s daughter, Eva Amurri Martino, as Gladys in her youth.
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A day-by-day glimpse of this week’s TV highlights.
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http://www.foxsports.com/arizona/story/lsu-shuts-out-arizona-in-super-regional-opener-052315
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150530021400id_/http://www.foxsports.com:80/arizona/story/lsu-shuts-out-arizona-in-super-regional-opener-052315
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LSU shuts out Arizona in Super Regional opener
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20150530021400
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Updated MAY 24, 2015 1:47a ET
BATON ROUGE, La. -- Arizona managed just one hit off LSU starter Karley Hoover, whose offense supported her with eight runs, as the Tigers run-ruled Arizona 8-0 Saturday in the first game of the Baton Rouge Super Regional.
Arizona will need two victories on Sunday to advance to the Women's College World Series.
While the offense went stagnant, the pitchers went wild. Arizona's duo in the circle, Trish Parks and Siera Phillips, combined to walk eight batters in just four innings.
Parks, who started the game and then re-entered in the third, allowed four runs on three hits with five walks in two innings of work. Phillips allowed four runs, three earned, on two hits with three walks in a strikeout in her two innings.
Hoover walked the first two batters of the game before settling in to pitch a gem. The freshman allowed just three base runners the remainder of the game and struck out one in her complete-game shutout.
Hoover walked the first two batters of the game before retiring the next three Wildcats to get out of trouble in the first.
In the home half of the first, LSU used two walks and a single to load the bases with no one out. Sahvanna Jaquish followed with a two-run single to give the Tigers the early 2-0 cushion before Kellsi Kloss hit a double to the wall in center to plate another. Parks' third walk of the inning reloaded the bases. A wild pitch plated another Tiger run and another walk reloaded the bases. Arizona went to the bullpen to get Phillips, who induced a pair of pop ups to get out of the mess.
LSU added on in the second. After a pair of walks, Phillips allowed a two-out RBI single from Sandra Simmons to put the Tigers on top 5-0. A wild pitch then made it 6-0 in the second.
Bailey Landry's two-run homer in the third made it 8-0 to chase Phillips as the Wildcats went back to Parks in the circle.
Arizona and LSU meet again at 2 p.m. Sunday. If the Wildcats can force a Game 3, it will be 30 minutes after the conclusion of Game 2.
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Arizona will need two victories over the Tigers on Sunday to advance to the Women's College World Series.
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http://www.people.com/article/cheryl-lynn-anita-baker-twitter-feud
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150530210236id_/http://www.people.com:80/article/cheryl-lynn-anita-baker-twitter-feud
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Read the Tweets : People.com
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20150530210236
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Anita Baker (left), Cheryl Lynn
05/28/2015 AT 04:45 PM EDT
She's just "Got to Be Real."
Late Wednesday night, Cheryl Lynn initiated a (largely one-sided)
for the ages with fellow R&B singer Anita Baker upon discovering that Baker had blocked her on Twitter.
@IAMANITABAKER Really girl, I thought we were cool. I guess I should've known something was up when you ignored me pic.twitter.com/iLsGqcAZNj
She followed this very public call-out with a series of Tweets that covered a wide range of tones, from angry to defensive to pleading.
@IAMANITABAKER What did I ever do to you? Oh, I get it probably cuz I will sing you down on the stage is that it?
@IAMANITABAKER ive been nothing but sweet to you, and I get blocked. I thought we were good. Its crazy how your truly colors came out.
@IAMANITABAKER I will always respect your artistry, you're truly one of the best to ever do it. I still have love for you. Xo
@IAMANITABAKER We're too OLD to be petty, just call me and we can settle this like adults. Ppl look up to us. We're OG'S in this biz.
Lynn, 58, stopped addressing the messages directly to her former friend after being met only with silence from Baker, but continued to Tweet about her confusion. Although she asserted that "there's no beef" between the two, Lynn ended this portion of the feud by throwing some shade at the 57-year-old singer.
Just to clear things up there's no beef between me and Anita. I just needed answers that she wasn't giving this was the only way. #AllLove
To have someone say their your friend and then to one day call them and not have them call you or hate on you for no reason is SAD.
We've been friends since 1980 before you had an album out, and we were always sweet to one another I wonder what changed. Voice maybe ?
Lynn eventually gave up on reaching out to Baker, and resorted to retweeting messages of support from her fans and pals and thanking them for being "REAL" and "GREAT" friends. However, one friend refused to take sides: Jackée Harry
on Thursday that the drama should stay between the two singers.
Anita & Cheryl are BOTH my friends / talented vocalists. Whatever's going on between them is just that: Between THEM pic.twitter.com/HCoN9q3gYv
Finally, on Thursday afternoon, Baker sent out a vague, somewhat cryptic
that appears to be in reference to Lynn's overbearing rant.
Love does not Insist/Force itself upon you...
No word yet on what caused Baker to block Lynn in the first place.
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Lynn started the (largely one-sided) feud after noticing that former friend Baker had blocked her on Twitter
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http://www.people.com/article/ian-somerhalder-fan-cries-paris
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150531215932id_/http://www.people.com:80/article/ian-somerhalder-fan-cries-paris
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Ian Somerhalder Begs Fans for Privacy, Leaving One Girl in Tears
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20150531215932
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Nikki Reed and Ian Somerhalder in February 2015
05/29/2015 AT 08:20 AM EDT
just wanted to be left alone, but that was a hard message for some fans to take.
, 27, encountered a group of fans outside a building Thursday in Paris. And Somerhalder quickly made it clear that he didn't want to take photos with them – which left one girl in tears.
The incident was captured in a fan video posted to Twitter.
Somerhalder was clearly conflicted, telling the fans he loved them but sternly telling them that he wanted his privacy.
"I love you guys. I'm not taking a single photo today. It's my day," he told them.
He added: "Don't follow us, please. I love you guys. Do not follow us. Okay? It's too much."
The awkward video was in stark contrast to the scenes of joy in a
– showing romantic moments from her and Somerhalder's
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The actor and wife Nikki Reed have an awkward exchange with their admirers in Paris
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http://fortune.com/2015/06/02/amazon-free-shipping-small-item/
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150603105256id_/http://fortune.com/2015/06/02/amazon-free-shipping-small-item/
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Amazon: Free Shipping for Small Items
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20150603105256
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Amazon has introduced free shipping on all small lightweight items, with no minimum purchase necessary.
The online retailing giant’s new initiative means that all shoppers can buy thousands of products like cosmetics and phone accessories without having to fork over extra for delivery, according to a Bloomberg report. Until now, only subscribers to Amazon’s Prime membership or those whose orders totaled at least $35 qualified for free shipping.
Now, even certain $5 orders will reach your doorstep with you having to pay for postage.
One difference, however, is that shipping will take five to seven days instead of the two days Amazon offers to Prime members.
Amazon AMZN seems to be targeting cost-conscious shoppers who are more reluctant to commit to the Prime membership’s $99 annual fee but who will likely shop more from Amazon because of the free shipping. The move can also help Amazon remain competitive in the face of other retailers like Walmart WMT and Target TGT recently announcing their own fast-shipping programs for low fees.
For more about Amazon, watch this Fortune video:
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Amazon's latest move comes as the online retailer wars intensify.
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http://fortune.com/2015/06/05/greece-tsipras-germany-angela-merkel/
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150606033904id_/http://fortune.com/2015/06/05/greece-tsipras-germany-angela-merkel/
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Saving Greece: Alexis Tsipras is counting on Germany's Angela Merkel
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20150606033904
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The chasm between the reforms the Greek government is willing to make and the far stricter measures demanded by its European creditors now appears unbridgeable. It’s highly unlikely that Athens’ far-left leaders and the cast of central bankers, finance ministers, and analysts across the table will find the necessary common ground on pensions, taxes, and labor liberalization required to forge a deal by the effective deadline, which is slated for mid-June.
The current standoff comes as anything but a surprise to Greek prime minister Alexis Tsipras, and his finance chief Yanis Varoufakis. It’s clear that practically from the start of negotiations three months ago, they’ve been counting not on convincing ministers and bureaucrats, but rather on a minute-to-midnight intervention by Europe’s most powerful heads of state, led by Angela Merkel of Germany.
On June 3, Tsipras issued a harsh statement, charging that “the political leadership of Europe needs to accede to the realism the Greek government has been adhering to,” and adding, “I’m confident that the political leadership of Europe will do what needs to be done.”
The operative word here is political. Tsipras and Varoufakis believe that, faced with a Grexit, Merkel will overrule her finance minister and convince her peers to follow suit, forcing the European authorities to accept most of what appears to be Greece’s final offer. “It’s hard to see any way out except intervention at the highest levels,” says economist James Galbraith, a professor at the University of Texas and a former colleague of Varoufakis’.
Hence, Tsipras is focusing his campaign not on policy details but on lobbying the ultimate decision makers. On the evening of June 5, he held talks with the team whose support he urgently needs, Merkel and French President Francois Hollande.
During the week of June 1, the world got the clearest view yet of the gulf between the lenders’ position and that of the Greek government. Late on Monday evening, Athens presented its plan, which it more or less labeled as its final offer. Then on Monday evening, Merkel and Hollande met with the IMF, the European Central Bank, and European Union officials to unite on a common set of demands. On Wednesday, Greece’s creditors handed Athens their list of requirements, widely viewed as a “take-it, or leave-it” salvo.
Comparing the two documents, point by point, reveals that the differences have narrowed. Still, the dueling proposals contain demands and counter-proposals that are far too at odds to resolve quickly, if at all. The EU document, entitled “Greece–Policy Commitments,” is just four-and-a-half pages long and is extremely general. By contrast, the Greek manifesto––“Agreement on the Economic Policy, the Reforms of the period 7/2015-3/20015,” covers far more specifics and runs at over 47 pages.
The crucial issue of Greece’s “primary surplus” epitomizes the problem. Both sides have compromised, but their numbers are still far apart and would require sharply divergent policies to achieve. Primary surplus represents the surplus of revenues over expenditures, excluding interest payments on debt. Right now, Greece is running a primary deficit of around two-thirds of 1% of GDP, coming to about $1.6 billion on national income of $240 billion. Greece’s lenders—the EU, ECB and European Union—demand that the troubled nation run a surplus of 1% this year, rising to 3.5% by 2018. That’s well below the lenders’ previous requirement of 3.5% in 2015, rising to 4.5% the following year.
But it’s far above the numbers Greece is proposing: 0.6% in 2015, increasing to 3.5% in 2018. “It’s hard to see how the lenders’ numbers can be achieved without strong growth in the short-term,” says Galbraith, a scenario that’s unlikely. In short, embracing the creditors’ demands would require bigger tax increases and spending cuts than Athens is willing to make.
A second, and related, issue is value added taxes. Today, Greece imposes a wide variety of rates under its VAT (value added tax). The lenders want the government to winnow the system down to two rates of 23% and 11%, the latter for essentials like food and medicine. The creditors are requiring that Greece raise an extra 1% of GDP, or around $2.4 billion a year, by flattening, and effectively raising, the rates.
In its proposal, the Tsipras government proposes replacing the current hodgepodge with three rates of 6%, 11%, and 23%. But it’s also refusing to increase taxes on crucial products and services, including its citizens’ electrical bills. The EU proposal would raise electricity levies by around 10 percentage points, which may be a potential deal-breaker for the Greeks. It’s also unclear how much money the Greeks expect to collect from the revamped VAT. In its presentation, the revenue line is left blank. Athens does propose raising well over $1 billion a year from a new tax on the profits of big companies. It’s also unclear if the lenders approve of this proposal. It might be viewed as a barrier to foreign investment, a crucial lever for future growth.
The most divisive issue is pensions. The lenders are demanding that outlays for retirees be lowered by as much as 0.5% of GDP this year, and 1% in 2016. Those are big numbers. In its document, Athens recognizes that pensions must be reformed. The current system invites abuse, particularly from workers in Greece’s sizable banking sector. The Greek government has agreed to gradually raise the retirement age. But the savings aren’t nearly as big as the creditors want. They amount to just $80 million this year, and will rise to $700 million by 2022. That’s a fraction of the $2 billion-plus the lenders are demanding for next year alone.
The Greek leaders, for example, are adamantly opposed to demands that they lower pensions as much as 30% to folks receiving benefits of $400 a month.
The two sides have also drawn closer on the matter of privatization of government assets and institutions. But once again, the lenders’ program is far more ambitious. The Tsipras government resists privatizing public utilities, especially those serving the Greek islands. “They’d be forced to sell the electrical grids at fire-sale prices, and the government would be replaced by a monopoly,” says Galbraith. “The government’s position is, ‘Talk to us when the economy comes back.’” All told, the EU and its partners are insisting that the Greeks follow the original requirement to raise $25 billion from privatization by 2022. In its proposal, Athens predicts garnering just $12 billion from selling government enterprises––including the ports of Thessaloniki and Piraeus––by 2020.
Greece’s plan also proposes new social programs. For example, the government plans to stop the auctioning of foreclosed houses and allow low-income Greeks to replace mortgage payments with lower amounts based on a percentage of their income, and hence remain in their homes. That would require new federal subsidies, so it’s uncertain if the lenders will endorse or reject the proposal.
For their part, the creditors have dropped demands that Greece fire government workers. They now want federal payrolls to shrink, year after year, as a portion of GDP. The Greek document makes no reference to capping spending on government employees.
The deadline for a deal is June 30, when Greece’s bailout period officially ends. But a more realistic date is around June 15, since parliaments of its EU neighbors must approve the deal to unlock $8.1 billion in aid, a tranche that’s already been delayed for a year. Wolfgang Schaeuble, the German finance minister, is a hard-liner who wants the Eurozone to comprise of well-functioning economies that follow fiscal probity. He’s unlikely to bend to Greece’s demands.
But his boss, Angela Merkel, must think on a grander scale. And the historic decision of whether to keep Greece in the club may be hers alone. Judging from her previous moves, Merkel will make peace, or side with the hard-liners, only hours before the deadline. Tsipras has long been betting that what he considers statesmanship will trump the quibbles over pensions and VATs. We’ll soon see if he’s read Merkel correctly, or if he has made a miscalculation that will drive the already-wobbling Eurozone into uncharted territory.
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Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras is betting that Germany’s Merkel will side with political unity over quibbles related to pensions and VATs.
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http://www.foxsports.com/arizona/story/d-backs-prospect-o-brien-draws-powerful-comparisons-061015
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D-backs prospect O'Brien draws powerful comparisons
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20150617024313
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Updated JUN 10, 2015 3:48p ET
When it comes to comparisons, baseball is king. Front office personnel as well as managers and coaches love to compare a rising prospect to a household name.
Rarely do those comparisons come to fruition. But, sometimes, when talking about one specific aspect of a young player's game a comparison can be spot on.
In that regard, when it comes to the prodigious power Diamondbacks prospect Peter O'Brien possesses, the names Mark McGwire, Mike Piazza and Wily Mo Pena came up in a KRNV report out of Reno.
"There's no explanation for the sound, I can't really tell you what it is," Triple-A Reno manager Phil Nevin told the TV station. "It's a different one. It almost sounds like it's a tennis ball coming off the bat.
"Mark McGwire was one and Mike Piazza is another one. Those are sounds you don't forget when you're playing against somebody on the field and when you hear those things happen when you're standing around the cage as a coach -- it catches your eye."
Reno Aces radio broadcaster Ryan Radtke offered his own comparison.
"It's almost like a gunshot," Radtke said. "You hear balls off the bat in batting practice and it's just the sound of the ball coming off the bat. When it comes off his bat you turn to look because there's that different sound. Was that a baseball? Or was that something else? It's just amazing.
"He's the only guy that I have ever compared to Wily Mo Pena. If you watch the balls that Peter O'Brien hit he has ridiculous power. It's really a lot of fun to watch."
Pena hit 21 home runs in 63 games with Reno in 2011.
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When it comes to the prodigious power Diamondbacks prospect Peter O'Brien possesses, the names Mark McGwire, Mike Piazza and Wily Mo Pena came up in a recent report out of Reno.
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http://www.people.com/article/german-man-gives-wife-half-of-everything-after-dirvorce
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150620023050id_/http://www.people.com/article/german-man-gives-wife-half-of-everything-after-dirvorce
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Man Splits Everything in Half After Divorce : People.com
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20150620023050
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Cutting his iPhone in half
06/19/2015 AT 01:30 PM EDT
"Thank you for 12 'beautiful years,' Laura! You've really earned half."
So begins a short YouTube video from a very disgruntled German who just went through an emotional divorce from his wife, Laura. His catharsis? Splitting several objects that they shared in half – literally – to prove some sort of bitter point.
include phones, cars, chairs and laptops. He gave Laura half – and the rest, he's selling.
where he's selling the items, one of the descriptions translates as, "From my half I must now separate, fond memories you cannot remove,"
Don't get your hopes up, Americans – the objects aren't being shipped to the U.S., according to his page.
Watch the video here, if you can bear seeing the destruction of several valuable objects in the name of revenge:
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This man interpreted the term "splitting up" very, very literally
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http://www.people.com/article/joni-mitchell-not-speaking-after-aneurysm
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Joni Mitchell 'Is Recovering' But 'Not Speaking Yet' : People.com
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20150629010958
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06/26/2015 AT 05:15 PM EDT
Three months after she was
the hospital after being found unconscious in her home,
's longtime friend David Crosby reveals the singer is still fighting for her health.
"To my knowledge, she is not speaking yet," Crosby said in a
, adding that he hasn't spoken with Mitchell. "She is home, she is in care, she is recovering."
According to Crosby, the legend
, "and nobody found her for awhile ⦠she's going to have to struggle back from it the way you struggle back from a traumatic brain injury."
"She's a tough girl and very smart," said Crosby. "So, how much she's going to come back and when, I don't know and I'm not going to guess. I love her. She's probably the best of us – probably the greatest living singer-songwriter."
on the singer's website said Mitchell is expected to make a "full recovery."
A rep for Mitchell did not respond for comment.
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"She took a terrible hit ⦠and she's going to have to struggle back form it the way you struggle back from a traumatic brain injury," the singer says
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150629032120id_/http://www.sfgate.com/49ers/article/Returning-to-NFL-early-would-cost-Michigan-s-6037094.php&c=SxyxW7NDwLvnNxv8sOSqxm-VgvqP4OGQbrCrRBrxc8s&mkt=en-us
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Returning to NFL early would cost Michigan’s Harbaugh little
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20150629032120
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Photo: Tony Ding / Associated Press
Michigan head football coach Jim Harbaugh sits with son Jay at a Wolverines home basketball game.
Michigan head football coach Jim Harbaugh sits with son Jay at a...
Returning to NFL early would cost Michigan’s Harbaugh little
If former 49ers head coach Jim Harbaugh wants to return to the NFL before his seven-year contract with the University of Michigan expires, he can do so with a relatively modest financial penalty.
Among the interesting details included in Harbaugh’s contract are the terms of his buyout, which was reported Friday by the Detroit Free Press. If Harbaugh leaves the school early, he would have to pay back only the prorated amount of his $2 million signing bonus. If, for example, he left Michigan after five years, he would owe two-sevenths of the bonus ($571,428).
During his 11-season career as a head coach, Harbaugh’s four-year stays at Stanford and with the 49ers have been his longest. After leaving Stanford for the 49ers in 2011, he termed the Lombardi Trophy the “highest award in all of sports” and he surprised many by returning to college without having won a Super Bowl.
After the 49ers’ final regular-season game last month, Harbaugh was asked if he’d miss the NFL.
“Is the NFL going somewhere?” he responded.
Harbaugh, who signed a five-year, $25 million contract with the 49ers in 2011, will earn a minimum of $40.1 million at Michigan over his seven-year contract, most of which is fully guaranteed. He is scheduled to receive 10 percent raises after his third and fifth years at the school. After his fifth year, however, he could receive a larger raise if it’s determined he’s being paid “less than his fair market value” when comparing his performance and compensation with his peers.
Harbaugh can also earn a variety of bonuses each season, including $500,000 for winning the national championship, $250,000 for winning the Big Ten title game and $50,000 for being named Big Ten Coach of the Year. He can also earn a bonus of up to $125,000 each season if Michigan’s Academic Progress Rate is 960 or higher.
Staff selection: Former Giants defensive coordinator Perry Fewell, 52, interviewed with the 49ers on Friday, Fox Sports reported. The 49ers hired Eric Mangini as their defensive coordinator Thursday so Fewell is probably viewed as a defensive backs coach, a role he served in for seven seasons early in his 17-year NFL career.
If Fewell is hired, he would become the fourth 49ers’ position coach who has been a coordinator in the NFL. The others are Tony Sparano (tight ends), Chris Foerster (offensive line) and Jason Tarver (linebackers).
Eric Branch is a San Francisco Chronicle staff writer. E-mail: ebranch@sfchronicle.com Twitter: @Eric_Branch
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If former 49ers head coach Jim Harbaugh wants to return to the NFL before his seven-year contract with the University of Michigan expires, he can do so with a relatively modest financial penalty. If Harbaugh leaves the school early, he would have to pay back only the prorated amount of his $2 million signing bonus. After leaving Stanford for the 49ers in 2011, he termed the Lombardi Trophy the “highest award in all of sports” and he surprised many by returning to college without having won a Super Bowl. After the 49ers’ final regular-season game last month, Harbaugh was asked if he’d miss the NFL. After his fifth year, however, he could receive a larger raise if it’s determined he’s being paid “less than his fair market value” when comparing his performance and compensation with his peers. The 49ers hired Eric Mangini as their defensive coordinator Thursday so Fewell is probably viewed as a defensive backs coach, a role he served in for seven seasons early in his 17-year NFL career.
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http://www.cnbc.com/2013/12/31/us-stocks.html
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150710124530id_/http://www.cnbc.com/2013/12/31/us-stocks.html
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Wall Street closes 2013 at records; best year in 16 for S&P, 18 for Dow
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20150710124530
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The 10-year Treasury note yield used in determining mortgage rates and other consumer loans rose 6 basis points to 3.036 percent, its highest of the year and since July 2011. Thedollar edged higher against the currencies of major U.S. trading partners.
(Read more: Over 2 million have signed up on Obamacare)
On the New York Mercantile Exchange, oil futures fell 87 cents, or 0.9 percent, to $98.42 a barrel, while gold futures settled 28 percent lower for 2013 at $1,202.30 an ounce, its largest annual fall in 32 years.
Stocks furthered their advance after the Conference Board's index of consumer confidence climbed to 78.1 in December from 72 in November. Analysts expected a December reading of 76.
Ahead of Wall Street's open, stock futures retained modest gains after a report had home prices in 20 U.S. cities climbing in October from the year earlier, illustrating the bounce back in real estate will continue in the new year. The S&P/Case-Shiller home price index rose 13.6 percent in October from the year earlier period.
Stocks offered little to no reaction to the Institute of Supply Management's Chicago purchasing manager's index, which fell to 59.1 in December from 63.
On Monday, stocks finished little changed.
"Going forward, I would say I am optimistic on equities but valuations are essentially fair, so I don't know that we are going to tack on another 20 to 30 percent in 2014, my expectation would be 8 to 10 percent. Just because the economy is picking up and tapering has begun doesn't mean the markets are going to perform accordingly," said Kaufler.
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Stocks on Tuesday closed 2013 at records, with the S&P 500 posting its largest annual jump in 16 years.
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http://www.9news.com.au/world/2015/07/18/05/54/us-shooter-had-at-least-three-guns-some-bought-legally-fbi
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150719174603id_/http://www.9news.com.au:80/world/2015/07/18/05/54/us-shooter-had-at-least-three-guns-some-bought-legally-fbi
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'The threat is real': US authorities treating Tennessee shooting of four Marines as domestic terror attack
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20150719174603
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Mohammad Youssuf Abdulazeez shot four Marines dead yesterday before being killed by local police in Tennessee. (AAP)
The FBI says the gunman who carried out the deadly attacks on two US military centers in Tennessee yesterday had at least two rifles and one handgun, some of which were purchased legally.
Mohammad Youssuf Abdulazeez, 24, killed four Marines and injured three other people yesterday before he died in a shootout with police in Chattanooga.
"He did have at least two long guns, which would be considered rifles or shotguns. And he did have one handgun, that we're aware of," said FBI special agent Ed Reinhold.
"Some of the weapons were purchased legally and some may not have been."
The Kuwait-born Abdulazeez was not wearing body armor, but rather a vest allowing him to carry additional rounds of ammunition, Mr Reinhold said.
The car Abdulazeez is believed to have used in the attacks. (AAP)
The FBI said there was so far "no indication that he was directed or inspired by anyone other than himself," but that investigators were looking at possible links to terror organizations overseas.
That comment came in response to one by senior US lawmaker Michael McCaul, who suggested the attack was inspired by the Islamic State (also known as ISIL or ISIS) group.
"My judgment, in my experience, is that this was an ISIS-inspired attack," Mr McCaul, the chairman of the House Homeland Security Committee, told a press conference in Florida.
Abdulazeez's unassuming home in Chattanooga. (AAP)
Mr McCaul said investigators were trying to piece together Abdulazeez's digital past to see if he had possible links to international terror groups like ISIL or if he had been otherwise swayed by jihadist propaganda on the Internet.
The shooting has revived the specter of lone wolf attacks in the United States - nightmare scenarios because authorities often have no advance warning of a jihadist sympathizer ready to strike.
"What keeps me up at night is the one case we don't know about," Mr McCaul said.
"This is the one that we worried about.
"The threat is real. And it comes from the Internet. This is a new generation of terrorists."
Do you have any news photos or videos?
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The gunman who carried out the deadly attacks on two US military centers in Tennessee had at least two rifles and one handgun, some of which were purchased legally, the FBI said Friday.
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http://www.people.com/article/caitlyn-jenner-children-congratulated-by-ex-wife-linda-thomspon
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Ex-Wife Linda Thompson Congratulates Jenner and Kardashian Kids : People.com
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20150719221743
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07/17/2015 AT 10:50 AM EDT
has high praise for sons
– and the rest of
on Thursday to commend Caitlyn's children and stepchildren for supporting the former Olympian's
"Giving big props & recognition to Caitlyn's 10 children for embracing her transition with such grace & devotion," Thompson captioned a split photo of Caitlyn's children at Wednesday's
, with the top image showing Brandon and Brody with half siblings Burt Jenner and Cassandra Marino, and the bottom image including a group shot with
"While Caitlyn deserves commendation for her courage & position to help others in the GLBT community, may it not go unrecognized that there are 10 kids, 3 ex wives, & other friends and family who are adjusting to their new reality & a new visage," Thompson wrote, referencing Caitlyn's other two ex-wives, Chrystie Crownover and
"My love & respect to especially these 10 who have demonstrated their integrity, strength & empathy," concluded Thompson, 65. "I think this needed to be acknowledged. All love ⦠all respect â¦"
The acknowledgement comes shortly after Caitlyn, 65,
at the 2015 ESPYs in an emotional acceptance ceremony on Wednesday.
"Congratulations @CaitlynJenner on your ESPY award," wrote Thompson in a separate
commending Caitlyn after her speech. "Your courage is indeed commendable. You looked beautifully elegant & spoke with grace and eloquence. Your children are a credit to life itself and deserve their own recognition for their loving devotion. #proudmoment."
This isn't the first time Thompson has shown support for Caitlyn. After Caitlyn opened up about her transition in a
in April, Thompson wrote in a
that it is "impossible for those of use who are comfortable living in our own skin to fully grasp what an imprisonment that must feel like to be born in the wrong body."
As for Caitlyn, the reality star was
at the Del Mar Racetrack Opening Day celebration on Thursday, followed by a camera crew.
, her eight-part docuseries, premieres July 26 on E!
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Thompson is mother to Brandon and Brody Jenner
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http://www.9news.com.au/world/2015/04/11/00/04/clinton-to-launch-presidential-campaign
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HiIlary Clinton set to launch presidential campaign
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20150722141048
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Former Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton speaks with a customer at a signing for her book Hard Choices. (AP Photo/Steven Senne)
Former US secretary of state Hillary Clinton will officially launch her 2016 presidential bid - her second White House run - at the weekend, reports say.
The announcement by Clinton - who would be the clear Democratic frontrunner - is likely to come on Sunday via video and social media, the New York Daily News reported, citing a source close to Clinton's campaign.
Britain's Guardian newspaper, also citing a source familiar with the campaign, said Clinton would send a tweet on Sunday declaring her candidacy.
She will then send out a video and email announcement, the Guardian said, before launching a tour beginning in the key state of Iowa, the first to vote in the primary season that starts in early 2016.
Spokespeople for Clinton and the Ready for Hillary organisation did not comment.
Unlike when she first ran for president in 2008, Clinton's path to clinching the Democratic nomination appears relatively clear.
The 67-year-old wife of former president Bill Clinton leads opinion polls among Democrats, some 60 per cent of whom say they would vote for her in the primaries, according to the website RealClearPolitics.
Two other potential candidates - Senator Elizabeth Warren and Vice President Joe Biden - have not yet said they intend to run.
Though Clinton has not yet officially announced her candidacy, her supporters and campaign teams have for years been preparing the ground for an eventual run.
The Ready for Hillary group has raised more than $US14 million ($A18.20 million) to support her, coming from 135,000 donors. Clinton also can draw on a database of 3.6 million supporters.
Do you have any news photos or videos?
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Former US secretary of state Hillary Clinton will announce her presidential bid on social media on the weekend, reports say.
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What Jamie Dimon may be signaling
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20150724081431
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Mr. Dimon has been unique in his dealings with security analysts. His active interaction began when he took over as CEO of Bank One. This was a very troubled bank and it would take years to solve its multiple problems, most of which were tied up in its balance sheet but some of which were due to its operating strategies.
Read MoreDimon: Don't read too much into this, but ...
Mr. Dimon clearly believed that he was needed to explain in as detailed a fashion as was possible his plan to resuscitate the company and how he was proceeding on implementing that plan. He was honest, often indicating where he or his company had made mistakes. He was also combative pushing his listeners to think more clearly about their views concerning the company. This approach gained Mr. Dimon more credibility than any other CEO in the industry. He created a legion of true believers — including myself.
Plus, it did not hurt that he succeeded in turning Bank One around. He was so successful in this pursuit that he was able to complete a reverse merger and wind up as CEO of the much larger JPMorgan Chase. Once there, Mr. Dimon was faced with the challenge of turning this bank around. It had overexposed itself to the digital revolution in the 1990s that collapsed in the early 2000s.
Again, Mr. Dimon was front and center explaining what was needed; what he was doing; and how he was implementing his solutions. He was successful in this pursuit but the financial crisis then emerged. Now, Mr. Dimon was again required to be front and center dealing with the critical issues that required explanation. As his successes grew, his confidence grew and he became a bit more combative, drawing in even more investors, who felt safe letting Jamie Dimon handle their money.
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Jamie Dimon unexpectedly said he might sit out future investor calls. Here's what Dick Bove thinks the JPM chief meant.
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http://www.bostonglobe.com/arts/music/2015/07/27/album-review-benny-sharoni-slant-signature/c4pn7kKpYksuZBGjOZCY3M/story.html
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http://web.archive.org/web/20150730000939id_/http://www.bostonglobe.com:80/arts/music/2015/07/27/album-review-benny-sharoni-slant-signature/c4pn7kKpYksuZBGjOZCY3M/story.html?
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Benny Sharoni, ‘Slant Signature’
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20150730000939
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The format on tenor saxophonist Benny Sharoni’s “Slant Signature” couldn’t be more straightforward: the bluesy, tuneful, groove-based imperatives of hard bop. There isn’t a stale lick on this concise, utterly satisfying disc, which includes five well-turned originals as well as covers by stalwarts Lee Morgan, Freddie Hubbard, and Ray Bryant. The Israeli-born Sharoni (living in the Boston area since coming to Berklee in 1986) and his band crackle with spontaneity on every tune. They come flying out of the gate at a superfast tempo on Sharoni’s “Minor City,” a hard-bop flag-waver if ever there was one, Sharoni and guitarist Mike Mele nailing the tricky unison theme with precise abandon. Sharoni has an appealingly gruff, throaty sound, which he combines with a lyrical attack that gives a vocal quality to his lines, especially on more relaxed grooves, like the blues of Hubbard’s “Down Under” and his own “Bitter Drops.” Filling out the band are trumpeter Jim Rotondi, pianist Joe Barbato, bassist Todd Baker, and drummer Steve Langone, all of them focused and assured. The tunes are as varied as the solo sequences: blues, a samba, a bossa, an irresistible boogaloo. Play it again! (Out now)
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Tenor saxophonist Benny Sharoni’s “Slant Signature” showcases the bluesy, tuneful, groove-based imperatives of hard bop.
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http://www.people.com/article/caitlyn-jenner-mom-esther-i-am-cait-bonus-clip
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Caitlyn Jenner's Mom Esther Shares Powerful Words in I Am Cait Clip : People.com
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20150730020017
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07/27/2015 AT 06:00 PM EDT
In a bonus clip from Sunday night's
sits down with her two sisters, mom Esther and a therapist for families with a special focus on gender diversity, which leads to some powerful dialogue.
"At some point our society, our culture decided to be a binary society, which means you've got boys and you've got girls," counselor Susan P. Landon says. "That gets determined when children are born. The cluster of flesh, if you will, between your legs is what determines your gender. It doesn't. It determines your anatomical sex, but it does not determine your gender, okay? When I see children who are sort of taking information in from the time that they're born, and at 3 years old or 5 years old they say, 'You know what? I'm not who you told me I am,' that comes from an experience they feel inside."
The group goes on to discuss Landon's point, and Caitlyn, 65, explains how she "always felt female."
"None of us can remember anything about you as a young boy displaying any kind of feminine characteristics at all," Caitlyn's sister Pam says.
"It wasn't like I was an effeminate man," Caitlyn replies. "So I never really felt that way, but I always felt female."
After Pam explains that she had never thought of the "difference between feminine and effeminate" in that way, mom Esther, 89, chimes in with a few particularly important words.
"It seems as though when people start to have more understanding, the stigma of being different goes away," Esther says, pointing to the importance of transgender visibility and the
"To me, that's the beauty of her giving herself permission to do this because, like for any of us, once you've seen something over and over again you get more used to it, right?" Landon concludes. "So it becomes part of our world rather than something that nobody wants to acknowledge. It's a big journey."
Watch the bonus clip above, and tune in to the second episode of
Sunday at 8 p.m. ET on E!
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The 89-year-old came to an important realization about Caitlyn's transition
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Nastia Liukin Engaged to Matt Lombardi : People.com
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20150730044744
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Matt Lombardi and Nastia Liukin
updated 06/01/2015 AT 11:55 PM EDT
•originally published 06/01/2015 AT 11:00 PM EDT
She didn't take home the mirrorball trophy, but
scored something just as sparkly and a lot more precious on Monday.
The Olympic gold medalist, who competed on the most recent season of
alongside partner Derek Hough, announced her engagement to boyfriend Matt Lombardi on Twitter.
"So this just happenedâ¦" the 25-year-old
of her gorgeous diamond ring with her new fiancé standing with open arms in the background.
"Matt proposed in Boston last night with a beautiful ring he designed himself," the gymnast tells PEOPLE in a statement. "He told me we were going to celebrate together and to my surprise my parents, best friend and his family and best friend were waiting there to celebrate with us. We are both so excited for our future together."
So this just happened... @matt_lombardi pic.twitter.com/jGdyEDdd9C
The Russian-American gymnast, who was the 2008 Olympic individual all-around champion,
figure skater Evan Lysacek. Lombardi is the founder of VentureUp, a sports team-coaching platform.
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The Olympian announced her engagement to Matt Lombardi on Twitter on Monday
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Trivia and Facts from the Film : People.com
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20150731214402
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07/29/2015 AT 05:00 PM EDT
The Ed Helms-helmed (been waiting years for that one)
hits theaters this week, so what better occasion could we use to dig up all the fun trivia bits you never knew about everyone's favorite tale of family vacation gone wrong?
Boris Vallejo's hyper-realistic oil rendering of a musclebound Chevy Chase is a great parody of similar posters then seen plastered across theaters, advertising the likes of
. Vallejo's work looks familiar for one other reason, though: He also painted
The Wagon Queen Family Truckster – with its eight headlights and extensive wood paneling – was itself a parody of automotive trends prevalent in the U.S. at the time. Production used five different 1979 Ford LTD Country Squires to portray the different levels of wear and tear the car went through during filming.
and modified a 1984 Country Squire into a picture-perfect replica of the car from the film.
In particular, Ramis had the film's scene in St. Louis in mind, which he referred to in the DVD commentary as "the most politically incorrect sequence I've ever shot," adding that it "dehumanizes everyone involved."
in 1979, called "Vacation '58." He and Hall would go on to make
Though Brinkley's role in the film only required her to be around for a fraction of the film's shoot,
throughout the four-state, 15-location shoot, using her off time to go whitewater rafting and horseback riding.
Though the far-off views of Walley World were created with matte paintings, the roller coaster scene was shot at Six Flags Magic Mountain in Valencia, California. Repeated takes caused most of the actors to show genuine nausea and terror: Dana Barron says she took motion sickness pills and passed out on the park's benches between takes.
It's appropriate that the race was set to the score from
. Ramis claimed that the temperature in California that day was 105 degrees, and the pavement at the Santa Anita Racetrack (where they filmed the parking lot scene) was a scorching 130 degrees.
Watch at the beginning of the film: Hall is roughly the same height as Beverly D'Angelo. Towards the end, he's noticeably taller. The film's ending was re-shot four months later – the original didn't do well with test audiences – and Hall went through puberty in the interim, growing three inches.
Buckingham's jaunty single wasn't produced with any of his Fleetwood Mac cohorts.
, keyboards and drum machines on the song, and he also performed all the backing vocals.
"Wilhelm." Though it's actually not revealed in the first film –
during the closing credits of
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Just in case you ever wanted to know what the "W" in "Clark W. Griswold" stood for
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