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Context: Lawrence Houston, head counsel of the SSU, CIG, and, later CIA, was a principle draftsman of the National Security Act of 1947 which dissolved the NIA and the CIG, and established both the National Security Council and the Central Intelligence Agency. In 1949, Houston would help draft the Central Intelligence Agency Act, (Public law 81-110) which authorized the agency to use confidential fiscal and administrative procedures, and exempted it from most limitations on the use of Federal funds. It also exempted the CIA from having to disclose its "organization, functions, officials, titles, salaries, or numbers of personnel employed." It created the program "PL-110", to handle defectors and other "essential aliens" who fell outside normal immigration procedures. Question: Which act got rid of the NIA and the CIG? Answer: National Security Act Question: What program handled "essential aliens" that did not fall under normal immigration policies? Answer: PL-110 Question: Lawrence Houston helped to draft what act in 1949? Answer: Central Intelligence Agency Act
Context: Fox announced on May 11, 2015 that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol; as such, the season is expected to have an additional focus on the program's alumni. Ryan Seacrest returns as host, with Harry Connick Jr., Keith Urban, and Jennifer Lopez all returning for their respective third, fourth, and fifth seasons as judges. Question: What year did Fox announce the cancellation of American Idol? Answer: 2015 Question: How many seasons of American Idol have there been? Answer: 15 Question: How many seasons was Jennifer Lopez a judge on American Idol? Answer: 5 Question: What was Keith Urbans role on American Idols fifteenth season? Answer: judges Question: Who hosted American Idol in its last season? Answer: Ryan Seacrest Question: When did Fox announce that Season 15 would be the final season? Answer: May 11, 2015 Question: Who is returning as host? Answer: Ryan Seacrest
Context: The Enlightenment – known in French as the Siècle des Lumières, the Century of Enlightenment, and in German as the Aufklärung – was a philosophical movement which dominated the world of ideas in Europe in the 18th century. The Enlightenment included a range of ideas centered on reason as the primary source of authority and legitimacy, and came to advance ideals such as liberty, progress, tolerance, fraternity, constitutional government and ending the abuses of the church and state. In France, the central doctrines of the Lumières were individual liberty and religious tolerance, in opposition to the principle of absolute monarchy and the fixed dogmas of the Roman Catholic Church. The Enlightenment was marked by increasing empiricism, scientific rigor, and reductionism, along with increased questioning of religious orthodoxy. Question: How was the Enlightenment known in French? Answer: Siècle des Lumières Question: Which movement dominated the world of ideas in Europe in the 18th century? Answer: The Enlightenment Question: In France, what were the central doctrines of the Lumieres? Answer: individual liberty and religious tolerance Question: The principle of absolute monarchy of which group was at odds with those following the Enlightenment? Answer: Roman Catholic Church
Context: Economic sanctions against Iran, such as the embargo against Iranian crude oil, have affected the economy. Sanctions have led to a steep fall in the value of the rial, and as of April 2013 one US dollar is worth 36,000 rial, compared with 16,000 in early 2012. Following a successful implementation of the 2015 nuclear and sanctions relief deal, the resulting benefits might not be distributed evenly across the Iranian economy as political elites such as the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps have garnered more resources and economic interests. Question: How much was 1 US Dollar worth in Iranian Rials in early 2012? Answer: 16,000 Question: How much was 1 US Dollar worth in Iranian Rials in April 2013? Answer: 36,000 Question: What year did a nuclear and sanctions relief deal happen for Iran? Answer: 2015 Question: What economic sanction against Iranian crude oil has adversely affected the Iranian economy? Answer: embargo Question: What would possibly prevent the even spread of relief benefits from Iran's nuclear and sanctions deal of 2015? Answer: the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
Context: In the race for individual contributions, economist Lyndon LaRouche dominated the pack leading up to the primaries. According to the Federal Election Commission statistics, LaRouche had more individual contributors to his 2004 presidential campaign than any other candidate, until the final quarter of the primary season, when John Kerry surpassed him. As of the April 15 filing, LaRouche had 7834 individual contributions, of those who have given cumulatively, $200 or more, as compared to 6257 for John Kerry, 5582 for John Edwards, 4090 for Howard Dean, and 2744 for Gephardt. Question: Who, at the start of the primaries, had the most single campaign contributors? Answer: Lyndon LaRouche Question: Who had the highest amount of single campaign contributors, at the final quarter of the primaries? Answer: John Kerry Question: Who earned the fewest individual contributions as of the April 15th filing date? Answer: Gephardt Question: What agency provided statistical information regarding the Presidential Candidates' individual contributors? Answer: Federal Election Commission Question: What did Gephardt have more of than any other candidate in 2004? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did John Edwards surpass Gephardt in individual contributors for his campaign? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What profession did Gephardt have before 2004? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did the FEC start collecting presidential campaign funding statistics? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the minimum amount that an individual contributor can donate to a campaign according to the FEC? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Even during the war, Eritrea developed its transportation infrastructure by asphalting new roads, improving its ports, and repairing war-damaged roads and bridges as a part of the Warsay Yika'alo Program. The most significant of these projects was the construction of a coastal highway of more than 500 km connecting Massawa with Asseb, as well as the rehabilitation of the Eritrean Railway. The rail line has been restored between the port of Massawa and the capital Asmara, although services are sporadic. Steam locomotives are sometimes used for groups of enthusiasts. Question: Under which program did Eritrea develp and repair its transportation infrastructure during the war? Answer: Warsay Yika'alo Question: How long was the coastal highway between Massawa and Asseb? Answer: more than 500 km Question: What type of locomotives are sometimes used on the Eritrean Railway to cater to groups of enthusiasts? Answer: Steam Question: What is the capital of Eritrea? Answer: Asmara Question: Which railway was rehabilitated under the Warsay Yika'alo Program? Answer: Eritrean Question: How long is the Eritrean Railway? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many km of war-damaged roads has Eritrea fixed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How are most locomotives powered in Eritrea? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the distance between Asseb and Asmara? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the distance between Asmara and Massawa? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The invention of electronic computers in the 1940s, along with the development of mathematical information theory, led to a realization that brains can potentially be understood as information processing systems. This concept formed the basis of the field of cybernetics, and eventually gave rise to the field now known as computational neuroscience. The earliest attempts at cybernetics were somewhat crude in that they treated the brain as essentially a digital computer in disguise, as for example in John von Neumann's 1958 book, The Computer and the Brain. Over the years, though, accumulating information about the electrical responses of brain cells recorded from behaving animals has steadily moved theoretical concepts in the direction of increasing realism. Question: Computers were invented in what decade in history? Answer: 1940s Question: Neuroscience spawned from what field of science in history? Answer: cybernetics Question: Who wrote the book, The Computer and the Brain? Answer: John von Neumann's Question: When was John von Neumann's book, The Computer and the Brain published? Answer: 1958
Context: The first major extension of New Delhi outside of Lutyens' Delhi came in the 1950s when the Central Public Works Department (CPWD) developed a large area of land southwest of Lutyens' Delhi to create the diplomatic enclave of Chanakyapuri, where land was allotted for embassies, chanceries, high commissions and residences of ambassadors, around wide central vista, Shanti Path. Question: In what decade did New Delhi first extend significantly from Lutyen's Delhi? Answer: the 1950s Question: What organization developed land to expand New Delhi in the 1950s? Answer: the Central Public Works Department Question: What was the name of the enclave created by the Central Public Works Department? Answer: Chanakyapuri Question: In which direction did Chanakyapuri extend from New Delhi? Answer: southwest Question: What was one use of the uses for the newly developed land of Chanakypuri? Answer: residences of ambassadors
Context: The USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.2 (released in 2010) makes clear that there are safety limits to the rated current at 5 A coming from USB 2.0. On the other hand, several changes are made and limits are increasing including allowing 1.5 A on charging downstream ports for unconfigured devices, allowing high speed communication while having a current up to 1.5 A, and allowing a maximum current of 5 A. Also, revision 1.2 removes support for USB ports type detection via resistive detection mechanisms. Question: What does the USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.2 make clear of? Answer: there are safety limits to the rated current at 5 A coming from USB 2.0 Question: What does revision 1.2 remove? Answer: USB ports type detection via resistive detection mechanisms Question: When was USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.2 released? Answer: in 2010
Context: The Times was founded by publisher John Walter on 1 January 1785 as The Daily Universal Register, with Walter in the role of editor. Walter had lost his job by the end of 1784 after the insurance company where he was working went bankrupt because of the complaints of a Jamaican hurricane. Being unemployed, Walter decided to set a new business up. It was in that time when Henry Johnson invented the logography, a new typography that was faster and more precise (three years later, it was proved that it was not as efficient as had been said). Walter bought the logography's patent and to use it, he decided to open a printing house, where he would daily produce an advertising sheet. The first publication of the newspaper The Daily Universal Register in Great Britain was 1 January 1785. Unhappy because people always omitted the word Universal, Ellias changed the title after 940 editions on 1 January 1788 to The Times. In 1803, Walter handed ownership and editorship to his son of the same name. Walter Sr had spent sixteen months in Newgate Prison for libel printed in The Times, but his pioneering efforts to obtain Continental news, especially from France, helped build the paper's reputation among policy makers and financiers. Question: The Times was founded by what publisher who also was the editor? Answer: John Walter Question: The Times was known as what name before it became The Times? Answer: The Daily Universal Register Question: What year was the very first publication of The Times? Answer: 1785 Question: The first publisher and editor of The Times when to prison for what crime when printed in his newspaper? Answer: libel Question: Before the newspaper changed its name to The Times, how many editions were printed? Answer: 940
Context: Following their basic and advanced training at the individual-level, soldiers may choose to continue their training and apply for an "additional skill identifier" (ASI). The ASI allows the army to take a wide ranging MOS and focus it into a more specific MOS. For example, a combat medic, whose duties are to provide pre-hospital emergency treatment, may receive ASI training to become a cardiovascular specialist, a dialysis specialist, or even a licensed practical nurse. For commissioned officers, ASI training includes pre-commissioning training either at USMA, or via ROTC, or by completing OCS. After commissioning, officers undergo branch specific training at the Basic Officer Leaders Course, (formerly called Officer Basic Course), which varies in time and location according their future assignments. Further career development is available through the Army Correspondence Course Program. Question: What does ASI stand for? Answer: additional skill identifier Question: What is are combat medics duties? Answer: provide pre-hospital emergency treatment Question: Where do the officers go to complete their branch specific training? Answer: Basic Officer Leaders Course Question: If the officers want to advance their careers even further, where is that available? Answer: Army Correspondence Course Program Question: What does ISI stand for? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where do ensigns go to complete their branch specific training? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where does post-commissioning training take place? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does ISi training is offered? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Around 746, Abu Muslim assumed leadership of the Hashimiyya in Khurasan. In 747, he successfully initiated an open revolt against Umayyad rule, which was carried out under the sign of the black flag. He soon established control of Khurasan, expelling its Umayyad governor, Nasr ibn Sayyar, and dispatched an army westwards. Kufa fell to the Hashimiyya in 749, the last Umayyad stronghold in Iraq, Wasit, was placed under siege, and in November of the same year Abu al-Abbas was recognized as the new caliph in the mosque at Kufa.[citation needed] At this point Marwan mobilized his troops from Harran and advanced toward Iraq. In January 750 the two forces met in the Battle of the Zab, and the Umayyads were defeated. Damascus fell to the Abbasids in April, and in August, Marwan was killed in Egypt. Question: Who became leader of the Khurasan Hashimiyya in approximately 746? Answer: Abu Muslim Question: What symbol did Abu Muslim use in his revolt against the Umayyads? Answer: black flag Question: Who was the Umayyad governor of Khurasan who was defeated by Abu Muslim? Answer: Nasr ibn Sayyar Question: When did the Hashimiyya conquer Kufa? Answer: 749 Question: Where did Marwan die? Answer: Egypt Question: Who carried out a revolt under the sign of the white flag? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What year was control of Khurasan established? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the first Umayyad stronghold in Iraq? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was Marwan recognized as the new caliph in the mosque at Kufa? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What month was Abu Muslim killed in Egypt? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: This new approach liberated scientific speculation from the dogmatic restraints of Aristotelian science, and paved the way for new approaches. Particularly within the field of theories of motion great advances were made, when such scholars as Jean Buridan, Nicole Oresme and the Oxford Calculators challenged the work of Aristotle. Buridan developed the theory of impetus as the cause of the motion of projectiles, which was an important step towards the modern concept of inertia. The works of these scholars anticipated the heliocentric worldview of Nicolaus Copernicus. Question: What did Jean Buridan create to explain the motion of projectiles? Answer: the theory of impetus Question: What school of scientific thought was challenged by Jean Buridan and Nicole Oresme? Answer: Aristotelian Question: What scientist is most associated with the heliocentric worldview? Answer: Nicolaus Copernicus Question: Which scholars made great advances in the theories of motion? Answer: Jean Buridan, Nicole Oresme and the Oxford Calculators Question: Buridan's theory of impetus led to what modern concept? Answer: inertia Question: What didn't Jean Buridan create to explain the motion of projectiles? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Jean Buridan destroy to explain the motion of projectiles? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What school of scientific thought was accepted by Jean Buridan and Nicole Oresme? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What scientist is least associated with the heliocentric worldview? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which scholars made no advances in the theories of motion? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The first fully attested complete translations of the Quran were done between the 10th and 12th centuries in Persian. The Samanid king, Mansur I (961-976), ordered a group of scholars from Khorasan to translate the Tafsir al-Tabari, originally in Arabic, into Persian. Later in the 11th century, one of the students of Abu Mansur Abdullah al-Ansari wrote a complete tafsir of the Quran in Persian. In the 12th century, Najm al-Din Abu Hafs al-Nasafi translated the Quran into Persian. The manuscripts of all three books have survived and have been published several times.[citation needed] Question: In which language was the Quran first translated? Answer: Persian Question: Which work did scribes from Khorasan translate in the 10th century? Answer: Tafsir al-Tabari Question: Whose student wrote a Persian tafsir of the Quran in the 11th century? Answer: Abu Mansur Abdullah al-Ansari Question: Who wrote a Persian translation of the Quran in the 12th century? Answer: Najm al-Din Abu Hafs al-Nasafi Question: To which dynasty did the king who commissioned the first translation of Quranic texts belong? Answer: Samanid Question: In which language was the Quran last translated? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which work did scribes from Khorasan translate in the 11th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Whose student wrote a Persian tafsir of the Quran in the 10th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who wrote a Persian translation of the Quran in the 11th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: To which dynasty did the king who commissioned the last translation of Quranic texts belong? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The city's K-12 enrollment in district run schools has dropped in the last five years from 156,211 students in 2010 to 130,104 students in 2015. During the same time period, the enrollment in charter schools has increased from 33,995 students in 2010 to 62,358 students in 2015. This consistent drop in enrollment has led the city to close 24 of its public schools in 2013. During the 2014 school year, the city spent an average of $12,570 per pupil, below the average among comparable urban school districts. Question: Has public school enrollment dropped or increased in the last 5 years? Answer: dropped Question: How many public schools have been closed in 2013? Answer: 24 Question: How much does the city spend per year per child? Answer: $12,570
Context: In the tree a knot is either the base of a side branch or a dormant bud. A knot (when the base of a side branch) is conical in shape (hence the roughly circular cross-section) with the inner tip at the point in stem diameter at which the plant's vascular cambium was located when the branch formed as a bud. Question: Other than the base of a side branch, what tree feature causes a knot? Answer: a dormant bud Question: What shape is the knot formed by a side branch's base? Answer: conical Question: What measurement of a stem determines a knot's inner tip placement? Answer: diameter Question: Because a knot's shape is conical, what shape does a cross-section of it have? Answer: circular
Context: China also began suffering from mounting overpopulation during this period. Population growth was stagnant for the first half of the 17th century due to civil wars and epidemics, but prosperity and internal stability gradually reversed this trend. The introduction of new crops from the Americas such as the potato and peanut allowed an improved food supply as well, so that the total population of China during the 18th century ballooned from 100 million to 300 million people. Soon all available farmland was used up, forcing peasants to work ever-smaller and more intensely worked plots. The Qianlong Emperor once bemoaned the country's situation by remarking "The population continues to grow, but the land does not." The only remaining part of the empire that had arable farmland was Manchuria, where the provinces of Jilin and Heilongjiang had been walled off as a Manchu homeland. The emperor decreed for the first time that Han Chinese civilians were forbidden to settle. Mongols were forbidden by the Qing from crossing the borders of their banners, even into other Mongol Banners and from crossing into neidi (the Han Chinese 18 provinces) and were given serious punishments if they did in order to keep the Mongols divided against each other to benefit the Qing. Question: What crops helped the Chinese? Answer: potato and peanut Question: What led to overpopulation in China? Answer: prosperity and internal stability Question: How many people lived in China at the start of the 18th century? Answer: 100 million Question: How many people lived in China at the end of the 20th century? Answer: 300 million Question: What was the last part of China with farmland left? Answer: Manchuria
Context: The Namibian Constitution adopted in February 1990 incorporated protection for human rights, compensation for state expropriations of private property, an independent judiciary and an executive presidency (the constituent assembly became the national assembly). The country officially became independent on 21 March 1990. Sam Nujoma was sworn in as the first President of Namibia watched by Nelson Mandela (who had been released from prison the previous month) and representatives from 147 countries, including 20 heads of state. Walvis Bay was ceded to Namibia in 1994 upon the end of Apartheid in South Africa.[citation needed] Question: When was the Namibian Constitution adopted? Answer: February 1990 Question: When did the country of Namibia officially become a country? Answer: 21 March 1990 Question: Who was the first President of Namibia? Answer: Sam Nujoma Question: Who swore in the first President of Namibia? Answer: Nelson Mandela Question: What was ceded to Namibia in 1994? Answer: Walvis Bay Question: Until what year did Sam Nujoma serve as President of Namibia? Answer: Unanswerable Question: For how many days had Nelson Mandela been imprisoned? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what month and year did Namibian leaders start to develop their constitution? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the first Namibian vote held for president? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was one of the countries that sent a head of state to Namibia for the first presidential swearing-in? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: A UCLA research study published in the June 2006 issue of the American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry found that people can improve cognitive function and brain efficiency through simple lifestyle changes such as incorporating memory exercises, healthy eating, physical fitness and stress reduction into their daily lives. This study examined 17 subjects, (average age 53) with normal memory performance. Eight subjects were asked to follow a "brain healthy" diet, relaxation, physical, and mental exercise (brain teasers and verbal memory training techniques). After 14 days, they showed greater word fluency (not memory) compared to their baseline performance. No long term follow up was conducted, it is therefore unclear if this intervention has lasting effects on memory. Question: Can one increase their brain efficency? Answer: people can improve cognitive function and brain efficiency Question: What can a person do to increase their brain efficiency? Answer: simple lifestyle changes such as incorporating memory exercises, healthy eating, physical fitness and stress reduction Question: In a study performed with 17 subjects, what relationship did healthy changes and brain efficiency have? Answer: After 14 days, they showed greater word fluency (not memory) compared to their baseline performance. Question: Do lifestyle changes definitely have an affect on long term memory? Answer: it is therefore unclear if this intervention has lasting effects on memory. Question: Who published a study in a June 2006 issue of UCLA? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Can one increase their brain unefficency? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What can people improve through complex lifestyle changes? Answer: Unanswerable Question: After 17 says, they showed greater what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many subjects had the average age of 17? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Created by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “embodies the trend... comparing hip-hop artists to samurai warriors, an image some rappers claim for themselves (Solomon, 2009). The storyline keeps in tone with the perception of a samurais finding vengeance against someone who has wronged him. Starring the voice of well known American actor Samuel L. Jackson, “Afro is the second-strongest fighter in a futuristic, yet, still feudal Japan and seeks revenge upon the gunman who killed his father” (King 2008). Due to its popularity, Afro Samurai was adopted into a full feature animated film and also became titles on gaming consoles such as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox. Not only has the samurai culture been adopted into animation and video games, it can also be seen in comic books. Question: Who created Afro Samurai? Answer: Takashi Okazaki Question: Who made Afro Samurai into an animated TV show? Answer: Studio Gonzo Question: When did Afro Samurai first air? Answer: 2007 Question: On what channel did Afro Samurai air? Answer: Spike TV Question: Who was the star voice actor of Afro Samurai? Answer: Samuel L. Jackson
Context: While Blacks/African-Americans comprised only 13 percent of Michigan's population in 2010, they made up nearly 82 percent of Detroit's population. The next largest population groups were Whites, at 10 percent, and Hispanics, at 6 percent. According to the 2010 Census, segregation in Detroit has decreased in absolute and in relative terms. In the first decade of the 21st century, about two-thirds of the total black population in metropolitan area resided within the city limits of Detroit. The number of integrated neighborhoods has increased from 100 in 2000 to 204 in 2010. The city has also moved down the ranking, from number one most segregated to number four. A 2011 op-ed in The New York Times attributed the decreased segregation rating to the overall exodus from the city, cautioning that these areas may soon become more segregated. This pattern already happened in the 1970s, when apparent integration was actually a precursor to white flight and resegregation. Over a 60-year period, white flight occurred in the city. According to an estimate of the Michigan Metropolitan Information Center, from 2008 to 2009 the percentage of non-Hispanic White residents increased from 8.4% to 13.3%. Some empty nesters and many younger White people moved into the city while many African Americans moved to the suburbs. Question: How much of Michigan's population is Black? Answer: 13 percent Question: How much of Detroit's population is Black? Answer: 82 percent Question: What was Detroit ranked as in a 2010 study on segregated cities? Answer: four Question: Where have many Black people been moving to in recent years? Answer: suburbs Question: What is the 2009 population of Whites in Detroit? Answer: 13.3%
Context: The higher-level phylogeny of the arthropods continues to be a matter of debate and research. In 2008, researchers at Tufts University uncovered what they believe is the world's oldest known full-body impression of a primitive flying insect, a 300 million-year-old specimen from the Carboniferous period. The oldest definitive insect fossil is the Devonian Rhyniognatha hirsti, from the 396-million-year-old Rhynie chert. It may have superficially resembled a modern-day silverfish insect. This species already possessed dicondylic mandibles (two articulations in the mandible), a feature associated with winged insects, suggesting that wings may already have evolved at this time. Thus, the first insects probably appeared earlier, in the Silurian period. Question: From what period do researchers believe that the oldest known full-body impression of a flying insect originates? Answer: Carboniferous Question: What is believed to be the oldest known insect fossil? Answer: Devonian Rhyniognatha hirsti Question: In what year did Tufts researchers reportedly uncover what is believed to be the oldest known impression of a flying insect? Answer: 2008 Question: What is the term for a mandible with two articulations? Answer: dicondylic Question: With what type of insect is a dicondylic mandible associated? Answer: winged Question: What higher-level is constantly up for debate and research? Answer: phylogeny Question: The higher-level phylogeny is of the what? Answer: arthropods Question: What kind of impression has been uncovered by a University? Answer: full-body Question: A University discovered a primitive flying what? Answer: insect Question: How old is the primitive plying insect found by the University? Answer: 300 million-year-old
Context: Most of the residents are Marshallese, who are of Micronesian origin and migrated from Asia several thousand years ago. A minority of Marshallese have some recent Asian ancestry, mainly Japanese. About one-half of the nation's population lives on Majuro, the capital, and Ebeye, a densely populated island. The outer islands are sparsely populated due to lack of employment opportunities and economic development. Life on the outer atolls is generally traditional. Question: What is the ethnicity of most Marshall Islands residents? Answer: Marshallese Question: From what continent did the Marshallese originate? Answer: Asia Question: What fraction of the population lives on Majuro or Ebeye? Answer: one-half Question: What recent Asian ancestry do some Marshall Island residents have? Answer: Japanese Question: From when did the Marshallese migrate from the Asian continent? Answer: several thousand years ago
Context: Federal law and treaties, so long as they are in accordance with the Constitution, preempt conflicting state and territorial laws in the 50 U.S. states and in the territories. However, the scope of federal preemption is limited because the scope of federal power is not universal. In the dual-sovereign system of American federalism (actually tripartite because of the presence of Indian reservations), states are the plenary sovereigns, each with their own constitution, while the federal sovereign possesses only the limited supreme authority enumerated in the Constitution. Indeed, states may grant their citizens broader rights than the federal Constitution as long as they do not infringe on any federal constitutional rights. Thus, most U.S. law (especially the actual "living law" of contract, tort, property, criminal, and family law experienced by the majority of citizens on a day-to-day basis) consists primarily of state law, which can and does vary greatly from one state to the next. Question: What comes before state and territorial laws in the 50 U.S states? Answer: Federal law and treaties Question: Federal sovereign only possess authority if it is stated in what? Answer: the Constitution Question: States may grant their citizens border rights as long as they do not infringe on what? Answer: federal constitutional rights Question: Most U.S law, the kind of law we live everyday, consists of what kind of law? Answer: state law Question: Does every state have the same laws? Answer: vary greatly from one state to the next. Question: Federal law overrides what laws? Answer: conflicting state and territorial laws Question: The scope of federal power is not what? Answer: universal Question: What type of system is American Federalism? Answer: dual-sovereign system Question: American Federalism can also be considered tripartite because of the presence of what? Answer: Indian reservations Question: States can grant their people broader rights than those granted in what document? Answer: the federal Constitution Question: Is there anything that trumps state law? Answer: Federal law and treaties Question: How many state make up the United States? Answer: 50 Question: Can states grant rights to citizens that are not defined by the constitution? Answer: as long as they do not infringe on any federal constitutional rights Question: What is day-to-day, operational law considered? Answer: "living law" Question: What is living law mostly made up of? Answer: state law Question: State and territorial laws preempt what kind of laws and treaties? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The scope of what is considered universal? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of government system do Indian reservations have? Answer: Unanswerable Question: States may grant citizens fewer what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are examples of family law? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Nasser's nomination for the post and the new constitution were put to public referendum on 23 June and each was approved by an overwhelming majority. A 350-member National Assembly was established, elections for which were held in July 1957. Nasser had ultimate approval over all the candidates. The constitution granted women's suffrage, prohibited gender-based discrimination, and entailed special protection for women in the workplace. Coinciding with the new constitution and Nasser's presidency, the RCC dissolved itself and its members resigned their military commissions as part of the transition to civilian rule. During the deliberations surrounding the establishment of a new government, Nasser began a process of sidelining his rivals among the original Free Officers, while elevating his closest allies to high-ranking positions in the cabinet. Question: Who could approve or reject candidates for the National Assembly? Answer: Nasser Question: Who received new and special protections in the new constitution? Answer: women Question: What group dissolved when the new constitution was enacted? Answer: RCC Question: Among the original Free Officers, what did Nasser do to his opponents? Answer: sidelining Question: What did Nasser's allies receive in the new arrangement? Answer: high-ranking positions in the cabinet
Context: Paris' disconnect with its suburbs, its lack of suburban transportation in particular, became all too apparent with the Paris agglomeration's growth. Paul Delouvrier promised to resolve the Paris-suburbs mésentente when he became head of the Paris region in 1961: two of his most ambitious projects for the Region were the construction of five suburban villes nouvelles ("new cities") and the RER commuter train network. Many other suburban residential districts (grands ensembles) were built between the 1960s and 1970s to provide a low-cost solution for a rapidly expanding population: these districts were socially mixed at first, but few residents actually owned their homes (the growing economy made these accessible to the middle classes only from the 1970s). Their poor construction quality and their haphazard insertion into existing urban growth contributed to their desertion by those able to move elsewhere and their repopulation by those with more limited possibilities. Question: When did Paul Delouvrier become the head of the Paris region? Answer: 1961 Question: What was a major problem with Paris being disconnected from its suburbs? Answer: lack of suburban transportation Question: How many suburban villes nouvelles did Paul Delouvrier constuct? Answer: five
Context: One of the early anthemic tunes, "Promised Land" by Joe Smooth, was covered and charted within a week by the Style Council. Europeans embraced house, and began booking legendary American house DJs to play at the big clubs, such as Ministry of Sound, whose resident, Justin Berkmann brought in Larry Levan. Question: who released the hit single "promised land"? Answer: Joe Smooth Question: who covered and charted the single "promised land"? Answer: Style Council Question: who was the resident of the Ministry of Sound? Answer: Justin Berkmann Question: who did Justin Berkmann bring into the club to play? Answer: Larry Levan Question: Who released the hit single "American Land"? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who covered and charted the single "American Land"? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was the resident of the Ministry of House? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who did Joe Smooth bring into the club to play? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who covered and chartered "Ministry of Sound"? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In 1931, RCA Victor introduced their vinyl-based Victrolac compound as a material for some unusual-format and special-purpose records. By the end of the 1930s vinyl's advantages of light weight, relative unbreakability and low surface noise had made it the material of choice for prerecorded radio programming and other critical applications. When it came to ordinary 78 rpm records, however, the much higher cost of the raw material, as well as its vulnerability to the heavy pickups and crudely mass-produced steel needles still commonly used in home record players, made its general substitution for shellac impractical at that time. During the Second World War, the United States Armed Forces produced thousands of 12-inch vinyl 78 rpm V-Discs for use by the troops overseas. After the war, the wider use of vinyl became more practical as new record players with relatively lightweight crystal pickups and precision-ground styli made of sapphire or an exotic osmium alloy proliferated. In late 1945, RCA Victor began offering special transparent red vinyl De Luxe pressings of some classical 78s, at a de luxe price. Later, Decca Records introduced vinyl Deccalite 78s, while other record companies came up with vinyl concoctions such as Metrolite, Merco Plastic and Sav-o-flex, but these were mainly used to produce "unbreakable" children's records and special thin vinyl DJ pressings for shipment to radio stations. Question: What material was used by RCA Victor for special purpose records? Answer: vinyl-based Victrolac compound Question: What was Metrolite and Sav-o-flex materials primarily used for? Answer: children's records Question: What year was the Victrolac compound released? Answer: 1931 Question: What were advantages of vinyl in the 1930's? Answer: light weight, relative unbreakability and low surface noise Question: What was a downfall of ordinary 78 rpm vinyls in household house? Answer: higher cost
Context: Consequently, the population of Israel rose from 800,000 to two million between 1948 and 1958. Between 1948 and 1970, approximately 1,150,000 Jewish refugees relocated to Israel. The immigrants came to Israel for differing reasons. Some believed in a Zionist ideology, while others moved to escape persecution. There were others that did it for the promise of a better life in Israel and a small number that were expelled from their homelands, such as British and French Jews in Egypt after the Suez Crisis. Question: The population of Israel rose from 800,000 to what between 1948 and 1958? Answer: two million Question: What ideology did some immigrants believe in? Answer: Zionist Question: Between 1948 and 1970, how many Jewish refugees relocated to Israel? Answer: 1,150,000
Context: In France the Cathars grew to represent a popular mass movement and the belief was spreading to other areas. The Cathar Crusade was initiated by the Roman Catholic Church to eliminate the Cathar heresy in Languedoc. Heresy was a major justification for the Inquisition (Inquisitio Haereticae Pravitatis, Inquiry on Heretical Perversity) and for the European wars of religion associated with the Protestant Reformation. Question: In what country did the Cathars grow to represent a popular movement? Answer: France Question: What was started by the Roman Catholic Church to dispense of the Cathars in Languedoc? Answer: The Cathar Crusade Question: What was a major reason and justification for the Europian wars of religion? Answer: Heresy Question: What happened in Spain that led to more heresey? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What heresey spread to France? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What fight did the Cathar lead against the Catholic Church? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What wars helped spread hereseies? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: These developments led to the theory of conservation of energy, formalized largely by William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) as the field of thermodynamics. Thermodynamics aided the rapid development of explanations of chemical processes by Rudolf Clausius, Josiah Willard Gibbs, and Walther Nernst. It also led to a mathematical formulation of the concept of entropy by Clausius and to the introduction of laws of radiant energy by Jožef Stefan. According to Noether's theorem, the conservation of energy is a consequence of the fact that the laws of physics do not change over time. Thus, since 1918, theorists have understood that the law of conservation of energy is the direct mathematical consequence of the translational symmetry of the quantity conjugate to energy, namely time. Question: Who largely formalized the developments that led to the theory of conservation of energy? Answer: William Thomson Question: What aided the rapid development of explanations of chemical processes by Clausius, Gibbs and Nernst? Answer: Thermodynamics Question: Who developed the concept of the introduction of laws of radiant energy? Answer: Jožef Stefan Question: What states that the conservation of energy is a consequence of the fact that the laws of physics do not change over time? Answer: Noether's theorem Question: Who largely rejected the developments that led to the theory of conservation of energy? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What hindered the rapid development of explanations of chemical processes by Clausius, Gibbs and Nernst? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who developed the concept of the introduction of laws of stored energy? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What states that the conservation of energy is a consequence of the fact that the laws of physics change over time? Answer: Unanswerable Question: since 1819, theorists have understood that the law of conservation of energy is what? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Mexican Revolution involved a civil war with hundreds of thousands of deaths and large numbers fleeing combat zones. Tens of thousands fled to the U.S. President Wilson sent U.S. forces to occupy the Mexican city of Veracruz for six months in 1914. It was designed to show the U.S. was keenly interested in the civil war and would not tolerate attacks on Americans, especially the April 9, 1914, "Tampico Affair", which involved the arrest of American sailors by soldiers of the regime of Mexican President Victoriano Huerta. In early 1916 Pancho Villa a Mexican general ordered 500 soldiers on a murderous raid on the American city of Columbus New Mexico, with the goal of robbing banks to fund his army. The German Secret Service encouraged Pancho Villa in his attacks to involve the United States in an intervention in Mexico which would distract the United States from its growing involvement in the war and divert aid from Europe to support the intervention. Wilson called up the state militias (National Guard) and sent them and the U.S. Army under General John J. Pershing to punish Villa in the Pancho Villa Expedition. Villa fled, with the Americans in pursuit deep into Mexico, thereby arousing Mexican nationalism. By early 1917 President Venustiano Carranza had contained Villa and secured the border, so Wilson ordered Pershing to withdraw. Question: What early 20th century conflict sent tens of thousands of refugees to the US? Answer: The Mexican Revolution Question: US forces were sent to occupy what Mexican City during the Revolution? Answer: Veracruz Question: What was the name of the Mexican general who attacked an American city in New Mexico? Answer: Pancho Villa Question: What foreign organization encouraged Villa's guerilla war against the US? Answer: The German Secret Service Question: What US General led troops against Villa? Answer: General John J. Pershing Question: What early 21st century conflict sent tens of thousands of refugees to the US? Answer: Unanswerable Question: UK forces were sent to occupy what Mexican City during the Revolution? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the name of the Mexican general who attacked an African city in New Mexico? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What foreign organization discouraged Villa's guerilla war against the US? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What UK General led troops against Villa? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: A struggle for succession in the mid-twelfth century gave the Fujiwara an opportunity to regain their former power. Fujiwara no Yorinaga sided with the retired emperor in a violent battle in 1156 against the heir apparent, who was supported by the Taira and Minamoto (Hōgen Rebellion). In the end, the Fujiwara were destroyed, the old system of government supplanted, and the insei system left powerless as bushi took control of court affairs, marking a turning point in Japanese history. In 1159, the Taira and Minamoto clashed (Heiji Rebellion), and a twenty-year period of Taira ascendancy began. Question: What member of the Fujiwara attempted to rebel in the mid-twelfth century? Answer: Fujiwara no Yorinaga Question: What battle resulted in the destruction of the Fujiwara? Answer: Hōgen Rebellion Question: What clans fought during the Heiji Rebellion? Answer: Taira and Minamoto Question: In what year did the Heiji Rebellion occur? Answer: 1159 Question: After the Heiji Rebellion, what clan grew in power? Answer: Taira Question: What struggle occured in the 1200's? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who had the opportunity to regain their former power in the 1200's? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did no Yorinaga side with the emerors heir apparent? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who supported the retired emperor in the 11th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What rebellion occured in the 11th century? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Mahayana schools recognize all or part of the Mahayana Sutras. Some of these sutras became for Mahayanists a manifestation of the Buddha himself, and faith in and veneration of those texts are stated in some sutras (e.g. the Lotus Sutra and the Mahaparinirvana Sutra) to lay the foundations for the later attainment of Buddhahood itself. Question: Mahayana schools recognize all or part of what? Answer: Mahayana Sutras Question: A few of the sutras for Mahayanists became a manifestation of who? Answer: the Buddha Question: Faith in and veneration of Mahayana are stated in what sutras? Answer: Lotus Sutra and the Mahaparinirvana Sutra
Context: When people define and talk about a particular conception of race, they create a social reality through which social categorization is achieved. In this sense, races are said to be social constructs. These constructs develop within various legal, economic, and sociopolitical contexts, and may be the effect, rather than the cause, of major social situations. While race is understood to be a social construct by many, most scholars agree that race has real material effects in the lives of people through institutionalized practices of preference and discrimination. Question: How do people create a social reality in which social categorization is achieved? Answer: define and talk about a particular conception of race Question: What can be said to be a social construct? Answer: races Question: What contexts do racial social constructs develop within? Answer: legal, economic, and sociopolitical Question: Constructs may be the result rather than the inciter of what? Answer: major social situations Question: What effect does race have in the lives of people? Answer: real material
Context: A Royal Charter in 1952 upgraded University College at Highfield to the University of Southampton. Southampton acquired city status, becoming the City of Southampton in 1964. Question: What document declared the upgrade of University College at Highfield? Answer: Royal Charter Question: What is the new name of University College at Highfield? Answer: University of Southampton Question: When did Southampton officially become a city? Answer: 1964 Question: In what year did the Royal Charter give the University of Southampton its name? Answer: 1952
Context: The continuous torque density of conventional electric machines is determined by the size of the air-gap area and the back-iron depth, which are determined by the power rating of the armature winding set, the speed of the machine, and the achievable air-gap flux density before core saturation. Despite the high coercivity of neodymium or samarium-cobalt PMs, continuous torque density is virtually the same amongst electric machines with optimally designed armature winding sets. Continuous torque density relates to method of cooling and permissible period of operation before destruction by overheating of windings or PM damage. Question: What determines continuous torque density? Answer: size of the air-gap area and the back-iron depth Question: What three elements determine the size of the air-gap area and back iron depth? Answer: power rating of the armature winding set, the speed of the machine, and the achievable air-gap flux density before core saturation Question: What does continuous torque density refer to? Answer: method of cooling and permissible period of operation before destruction by overheating Question: How does continuous torque density vary between well designed motors? Answer: virtually the same Question: What determines non-continuous torque density? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the fourth element that determines the size of the air-gap area and back iron depth? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What doesn't continuous torque density refer to? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How does non-continuous torque density vary between well designed motors? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In the dense areas, most of the concentration is via medium- and high-rise buildings. London's skyscrapers such as 30 St Mary Axe, Tower 42, the Broadgate Tower and One Canada Square are mostly in the two financial districts, the City of London and Canary Wharf. High-rise development is restricted at certain sites if it would obstruct protected views of St Paul's Cathedral and other historic buildings. Nevertheless, there are a number of very tall skyscrapers in central London (see Tall buildings in London), including the 95-storey Shard London Bridge, the tallest building in the European Union. Question: What are the financial districts of London known as? Answer: the City of London and Canary Wharf Question: High-rise buildings may be restricted to prevent obstruction of what views? Answer: St Paul's Cathedral and other historic buildings Question: What is the European Union's tallest building? Answer: Shard London Bridge Question: How high does the Shard London Bridge rise? Answer: 95-storey Question: Most of London's skyscrapers are located where? Answer: in the two financial districts
Context: Realizing that war was imminent, Prussia preemptively struck Saxony and quickly overran it. The result caused uproar across Europe. Because of Prussia's alliance with Britain, Austria formed an alliance with France, seeing an opportunity to recapture Silesia, which had been lost in a previous war. Reluctantly, by following the imperial diet, most of the states of the empire joined Austria's cause. The Anglo-Prussian alliance was joined by smaller German states (especially Hanover). Sweden, fearing Prussia's expansionist tendencies, went to war in 1757 to protect its Baltic dominions, seeing its chance when virtually all of Europe opposed Prussia. Spain, bound by the Pacte de Famille, intervened on behalf of France and together they launched an utterly unsuccessful invasion of Portugal in 1762. The Russian Empire was originally aligned with Austria, fearing Prussia's ambition on the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, but switched sides upon the succession of Tsar Peter III in 1762. Question: Who made the first strike of the Seven Years' War? Answer: Prussia preemptively struck Question: What area was the site of the first action in the Seven Years' War Answer: Saxony Question: What country allied with Prussia? Answer: Prussia's alliance with Britain Question: What was the initial country to ally with France? Answer: Austria formed an alliance with France Question: The smaller German states joined which side? Answer: Anglo-Prussian alliance was joined by smaller German states
Context: Krugman's contention (that the growth of a commercial real estate bubble indicates that U.S. housing policy was not the cause of the crisis) is challenged by additional analysis. After researching the default of commercial loans during the financial crisis, Xudong An and Anthony B. Sanders reported (in December 2010): "We find limited evidence that substantial deterioration in CMBS [commercial mortgage-backed securities] loan underwriting occurred prior to the crisis." Other analysts support the contention that the crisis in commercial real estate and related lending took place after the crisis in residential real estate. Business journalist Kimberly Amadeo reports: "The first signs of decline in residential real estate occurred in 2006. Three years later, commercial real estate started feeling the effects. Denice A. Gierach, a real estate attorney and CPA, wrote: Question: Who believed that the growth of the commercial real estate bubble indicated that U.S. housing policy was not the cause of the crisis? Answer: Krugman Question: When did Xudong An and Anthony B. Sanders issue a report about commercial mortgage-backed securities? Answer: December 2010 Question: According to business journalist Kimberly Amadeo, when did the first signs of decline in real estate occur? Answer: 2006 Question: What are CMBS? Answer: commercial mortgage-backed securities Question: According to most analysts, what crisis took place after the crisis in residential real estate? Answer: the crisis in commercial real estate
Context: In Europe, and other regions using the ISO 216 paper sizing system, the weight is expressed in grammes per square metre (g/m2 or usually just g) of the paper. Printing paper is generally between 60 g and 120 g. Anything heavier than 160 g is considered card. The weight of a ream therefore depends on the dimensions of the paper and its thickness. Question: What ISO sizing system does Europe use? Answer: ISO 216 Question: If paper is over 160g what is it considered as? Answer: card Question: Besides thickness, what attribute is used in stating the weight of a ream in Europe? Answer: dimensions Question: Where is the dampness of paper expressed in grammes per square meter? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where is the thickness of paper expressed in grams per square meter? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where is the dryness of paper expressed in grams per square meter? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is anything heavier than 60g considered? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does the weight of a gram depend on? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What ISO sizing system does Asia use? Answer: Unanswerable Question: If paper is over 110g what is it considered as? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Besides thickness, what attribute is used in stating the weight of a ream in Asia? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Zhejiang benefited less from central government investment than some other provinces due to its lack of natural resources, a location vulnerable to potential flooding from the sea, and an economic base at the national average. Zhejiang, however, has been an epicenter of capitalist development in China, and has led the nation in the development of a market economy and private enterprises. Northeast Zhejiang, as part of the Yangtze Delta, is flat, more developed, and industrial. Question: What type of resources does Zhejiang have a lack of? Answer: natural Question: What is Zhejiang's location vulnerable to from the sea? Answer: flooding Question: What type of development has Zhejiang been an epicenter of? Answer: capitalist Question: Which part of Zhejiang is part of the Yangtze Delta? Answer: Northeast Zhejiang Question: What type of geography is Northeast Zhejiang? Answer: flat Question: What type of resources does Zhejiang have a lot of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is Zhejiang's location not vulnerable to from the sea? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of development has Zhejiang never been an epicenter of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which part of Zhejiang is not part of the Yangtze Delta? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of geography is Southeast Zhejiang? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The company is often criticized by both the media and its own staff for its less upstanding policies regarding employee relations. A 2012 Reddit post written by an anonymous Comcast call center employee eager to share their negative experiences with the public received attention from publications including The Huffington Post. A 2014 investigative series published by The Verge involved interviews with 150 of Comcast's employees. It sought to examine why the company has become so widely criticized by its customers, the media and even members of its own staff. The series claimed part of the problem is internal and that Comcast's staff endures unreasonable corporate policies. According to the report: "customer service has been replaced by an obsession with sales; technicians are understaffed while tech support is poorly trained; and the company is hobbled by internal fragmentation." A widely read article penned by an anonymous call center employee working for Comcast appeared in November 2014 on Cracked. Titled "Five Nightmares You Live While Working For America's Worst Company," the article also claimed that Comcast is obsessed with sales, doesn't train its employees properly and concluded that "the system makes good customer service impossible." Question: Besides customer problems, what other area is Comcast often criticized over? Answer: employee relations Question: What online media outlet ran an investigative series on Comcast in 2014? Answer: The Verge Question: How many Comcast employees were interviewed for that investigative report? Answer: 150 Question: What online publication ran a feature from a Comcast employee in 2014 that received attention? Answer: Cracked Question: What was this 2014 article anonymously penned by a Comcast Employee called? Answer: "Five Nightmares You Live While Working For America's Worst Company," Question: What did the Huffington post in 2014? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What social media platform interviewed Comcast employees? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the name of The Verge's investigative series? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many publications picked up the 2012 Reddit post? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What has Comcast replaced its obsession with sales with? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: At the beginning of World War I, East Prussia became a theatre of war when the Russian Empire invaded the country. The Russian Army encountered at first little resistance because the bulk of the German Army had been directed towards the Western Front according to the Schlieffen Plan. Despite early success and the capture of the towns of Rastenburg and Gumbinnen, in the Battle of Tannenberg in 1914 and the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes in 1915, the Russians were decisively defeated and forced to retreat. The Russians were followed by the German Army advancing into Russian territory. Question: Which country invaded east Prussia in World War I? Answer: Russian Empire Question: Why did the Russian army face such little resistance when moving through Prussia? Answer: German Army had been directed towards the Western Front Question: In what year did the battle of Tannenberg take place? Answer: 1914 Question: In what year did World War I start? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was the German Army fighting on the Western Front? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year was the First Battle of the Masurian Lakes? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did World War I end? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Guinea-Bissau is bordered by Senegal to the north and Guinea to the south and east, with the Atlantic Ocean to its west. It lies mostly between latitudes 11° and 13°N (a small area is south of 11°), and longitudes 13° and 17°W. Question: What country is on the north border of Guinea-Bissau? Answer: Senegal Question: What country is on the south border of Guinea-Bissau? Answer: Guinea Question: What is to the west of Guinea-Bissau? Answer: Atlantic Ocean Question: What latitudes does Guinea-Bissau mostly lie between? Answer: 11° and 13°N Question: What longitudes does Guinea-Bissau mostly lie between? Answer: 13° and 17°W
Context: Charleston is the oldest and second-largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston–Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint of South Carolina's coastline and is located on Charleston Harbor, an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean formed by the confluence of the Ashley and Cooper Rivers, or, as is locally expressed, "where the Cooper and Ashley Rivers come together to form the Atlantic Ocean." Question: What is the oldest city in South Carolina? Answer: Charleston Question: What county is Charleston, South Carolina located in? Answer: Charleston County Question: Charleston is located on what harbor? Answer: Charleston Harbor Question: Charleston Harbor is an inlet of what ocean? Answer: Atlantic Ocean Question: What river mergers with the Cooper River to form Charleston Harbor? Answer: Ashley Rivers Question: What county is Charleston located in? Answer: Charleston County Question: Charleston Harbor is formed on what ocean? Answer: Atlantic Ocean Question: What river merges with the Ashley River to from the Charleston Harbor? Answer: Cooper Rivers Question: What is the newest city in South Carolina? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What county is Charleston, North Carolina located in? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Charleston isn't located on what harbor? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Charleston Harbor is an outlet of what ocean? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What river mergers with the Cooper River to form Charleston Bay? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Alloying a metal is done by combining it with one or more other metals or non-metals that often enhance its properties. For example, steel is stronger than iron, its primary element. The electrical and thermal conductivity of alloys is usually lower than that of the pure metals. The physical properties, such as density, reactivity, Young's modulus of an alloy may not differ greatly from those of its elements, but engineering properties such as tensile strength and shear strength may be substantially different from those of the constituent materials. This is sometimes a result of the sizes of the atoms in the alloy, because larger atoms exert a compressive force on neighboring atoms, and smaller atoms exert a tensile force on their neighbors, helping the alloy resist deformation. Sometimes alloys may exhibit marked differences in behavior even when small amounts of one element are present. For example, impurities in semiconducting ferromagnetic alloys lead to different properties, as first predicted by White, Hogan, Suhl, Tian Abrie and Nakamura. Some alloys are made by melting and mixing two or more metals. Bronze, an alloy of copper and tin, was the first alloy discovered, during the prehistoric period now known as the bronze age; it was harder than pure copper and originally used to make tools and weapons, but was later superseded by metals and alloys with better properties. In later times bronze has been used for ornaments, bells, statues, and bearings. Brass is an alloy made from copper and zinc. Question: What can be done to a metal to enhance its properties? Answer: combining it with one or more other metals or non-metals Question: Pure metals have a higher electrical and thermal conductivity than what? Answer: alloys Question: When copper and tin is mixed, what is made? Answer: Bronze Question: When was the bronze age? Answer: prehistoric period Question: Copper and zinc combine to make what? Answer: Brass Question: What is done by combining one or more metals and removing nonmetals? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What has a higher electrical and thermal conductivity then pure metals? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is made by mixing copper and iron? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is combined with tin to make brass? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who do smaller atoms exert a compressive force on? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Weeks after ending the Sex Pistols, Lydon formed the experimental group Public Image Ltd and declared the project to be "anti music of any kind". Public Image and other acts such as the Pop Group and the Slits had begun experimenting with dance music, dub production techniques and the avant-garde, while punk-indebted Manchester acts such as Joy Division, The Fall and A Certain Ratio developed unique styles which drew on a similarly disparate range of influences across music and modernist literature. Bands such as Scritti Politti, Gang of Four and This Heat incorporated Leftist political philosophy and their own art school studies in their work. Question: Who was responsible for disbanding the Sex Pistols? Answer: Lydon Question: What group declared itself to be anti-music of any kind? Answer: Public Image Ltd Question: Where did Joy Division hail from? Answer: Manchester Question: What type of literature contributed to Joy Division's unique style? Answer: modernist Question: What end of the political spectrum was the political philosophy of Gang of Four? Answer: Leftist Question: What band did Johnny Rotten form after the Sex Pistols? Answer: Public Image Ltd Question: What kind of group was Public Image Ltd? Answer: "anti music of any kind" Question: Which bands combined way left politics with art school studies? Answer: Scritti Politti, Gang of Four and This Heat Question: What are some British post-punk bands from Manchester? Answer: Joy Division, The Fall and A Certain Ratio Question: Which post-punk bands began to branch off into things like dub and dance music? Answer: Pop Group and the Slits Question: What group did Lyndon start before the sex pistols? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What the public image declare their music to be? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of literature contributed to the sex pistol style? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What end of the political spectrum was Joy division's political philosophy one? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which group supported music the most during this time? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which groups refused to experiment in music? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which groups ignored Leftist political philosophy? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What band was formed after Public Image Ltd? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In 1687, Isaac Newton published the Principia Mathematica, detailing two comprehensive and successful physical theories: Newton's laws of motion, which led to classical mechanics; and Newton's Law of Gravitation, which describes the fundamental force of gravity. The behavior of electricity and magnetism was studied by Faraday, Ohm, and others during the early 19th century. These studies led to the unification of the two phenomena into a single theory of electromagnetism, by James Clerk Maxwell (known as Maxwell's equations). Question: What work was printed by Isaac Newton in 1687? Answer: the Principia Mathematica Question: How many theories were included within the Principia Mathematica? Answer: two Question: What concept did the Law of Gravitation deal with? Answer: the fundamental force of gravity Question: What are Maxwell's equations about? Answer: electromagnetism
Context: Along with the general administration of the sport, football associations and competition organisers also enforce good conduct in wider aspects of the game, dealing with issues such as comments to the press, clubs' financial management, doping, age fraud and match fixing. Most competitions enforce mandatory suspensions for players who are sent off in a game. Some on-field incidents, if considered very serious (such as allegations of racial abuse), may result in competitions deciding to impose heavier sanctions than those normally associated with a red card. Some associations allow for appeals against player suspensions incurred on-field if clubs feel a referee was incorrect or unduly harsh. Question: Players who are sent off in a game are often faced with what? Answer: mandatory suspensions Question: Sometimes clubs can do what if they feel that a punishment was too harsh? Answer: appeals Question: Football associations enforce what kind of conduct? Answer: good Question: What do players who are sent off in a game never faced with? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What can clubs do if they feel that a punishment was not harsh enough? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of conduct is never enforced by Football associations? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is never allowed as recourse for player suspensions? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Before printing was widely adopted in the 19th century, the Quran was transmitted in manuscripts made by calligraphers and copyists. The earliest manuscripts were written in Ḥijāzī-type script. The Hijazi style manuscripts nevertheless confirm that transmission of the Quran in writing began at an early stage. Probably in the ninth century, scripts began to feature thicker strokes, which are traditionally known as Kufic scripts. Toward the end of the ninth century, new scripts began to appear in copies of the Quran and replace earlier scripts. The reason for discontinuation in the use of the earlier style was that it took too long to produce and the demand for copies was increasing. Copyists would therefore chose simpler writing styles. Beginning in the 11th century, the styles of writing employed were primarily the naskh, muhaqqaq, rayḥānī and, on rarer occasions, the thuluth script. Naskh was in very widespread use. In North Africa and Spain, the Maghribī style was popular. More distinct is the Bihari script which was used solely in the north of India. Nastaʻlīq style was also rarely used in Persian world. Question: Who created Quranic manuscripts before the 19th century? Answer: calligraphers and copyists Question: What is the name of the thicker-stroked writing used for the Quran beginning in the 9th century? Answer: Kufic scripts Question: Which was the most widely used script by copyists in the 11th century? Answer: naskh Question: Where was the Maghribi script most commonly used by Quran copyists? Answer: North Africa and Spain Question: Which script was only used to copy the Quran by people in northern India? Answer: Bihari Question: Who created Quranic manuscripts before the 18th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the name of the thicker-stroked writing used for the Quran beginning in the 8th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which was the most widely used script by copyists in the 10th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where was the Maghribi script least commonly used by Quran copyists? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which script was never used to copy the Quran by people in northern India? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The NFL Network ceased airing Arena Football League games partway through the 2012 season as a result of ongoing labor problems within the league. Briefly, the games were broadcast on a tape delay to prevent the embarrassment that would result should the players stage a work stoppage immediately prior to a scheduled broadcast. (In at least once incidence this actually happened, resulting in a non-competitive game being played with replacement players, and further such incidents were threatened.) Once the labor issues were resolved, the NFL Network resumed the practice of broadcasting a live Friday night game. NFL Network dropped the league at the end of the 2012 season. Question: In what year did AFL games temporarily cease to be broadcast on NFL Network? Answer: 2012 Question: Why did the temporary cessation of game broadcasts occur? Answer: ongoing labor problems Question: Why did the NFL Network begin to broadcast games again? Answer: the labor issues were resolved Question: On what day was an AFL game broadcast live on NFL Network? Answer: Friday Question: At what time of day was an AFL game shown on Fridays on NFL Network? Answer: night
Context: BBC Television is a service of the British Broadcasting Corporation. The corporation, which has operated in the United Kingdom under the terms of a Royal charter since 1927, has produced television programmes from its own since 1932, although the start of its regular service of television broadcasts is dated to 2 November 1936. Question: What is the acronym for British Broadcasting Corporation? Answer: BBC Question: Under what auspices does the BBC exist? Answer: Royal charter Question: When did the BBC start creating its own programming? Answer: 1932 Question: On what date did the BBC being its regular TV broadcasts? Answer: 2 November 1936 Question: In what country is the BBC headquartered? Answer: United Kingdom Question: What type of charter has the BBC operated under since 1932? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The BBC has produced what since 1927? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does the date of 3 November 1926 signify? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is BCB Television a service of? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: A distinct Greek political identity re-emerged in the 11th century in educated circles and became more forceful after the fall of Constantinople to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade in 1204, so that when the empire was revived in 1261, it became in many ways a Greek national state. That new notion of nationhood engendered a deep interest in the classical past culminating in the ideas of the Neoplatonist philosopher Gemistus Pletho, who abandoned Christianity. However, it was the combination of Orthodox Christianity with a specifically Greek identity that shaped the Greeks' notion of themselves in the empire's twilight years. The interest in the Classical Greek heritage was complemented by a renewed emphasis on Greek Orthodox identity, which was reinforced in the late Medieval and Ottoman Greeks' links with their fellow Orthodox Christians in the Russian Empire. These were further strengthened following the fall of the Empire of Trebizond in 1461, after which and until the second Russo-Turkish War of 1828-29 hundreds of thousands of Pontic Greeks fled or migrated from the Pontic Alps and Armenian Highlands to southern Russia and the Russian South Caucasus (see also Greeks in Russia, Greeks in Armenia, Greeks in Georgia, and Caucasian Greeks). Question: What caused the resurface of the Grecian monotony in politics ? Answer: the fall of Constantinople to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade in 1204 Question: When did the nation reestablish itself ? Answer: empire was revived in 1261 Question: What was the specialty of great Pietho and what is famous for ? Answer: philosopher Gemistus Pletho, who abandoned Christianity. Question: What was bolstered by the the final downward spiral of the Empire of Trebizond ? Answer: interest in the Classical Greek heritage was complemented by a renewed emphasis on Greek Orthodox identity Question: Which factoring war was on gong in 1828 and shares the of a previous scuttle ? ? Answer: second Russo-Turkish War Question: What caused the unsurface of the Grecian monotony in politics? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did the nation not reestablish itself? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the specialty of great Pietho and what is it not famous for? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was bolstered by the the first downward spiral of the Empire of Trebizond? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which factoring war wasn't ongoing in 1828 and shares the of a previous scuttle? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: New sequencing technologies, such as massive parallel sequencing have also opened up the prospect of personal genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool, as pioneered by Manteia Predictive Medicine. A major step toward that goal was the completion in 2007 of the full genome of James D. Watson, one of the co-discoverers of the structure of DNA. Question: What is a recent development in sequencing methods? Answer: massive parallel sequencing Question: Which company has led the way in sequencing of individual genetic makeup? Answer: Manteia Predictive Medicine Question: Whose complete genetic information was recorded in 2007? Answer: James D. Watson Question: What is Watson famous for helping discover? Answer: the structure of DNA Question: What is Manteia Predictive Medicine famous for discovering? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What technology did James D. Watson develop to sequence individual DNA? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What has James D. Watson recently develop that may lead to personal genome sequencing? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Manteia Predictive Medicine help discover the structure of in 2007? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who pioneered using the DNA structure as a diagnostic tool? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The fate of Willett's 1907 proposal illustrates several political issues involved. The proposal attracted many supporters, including Balfour, Churchill, Lloyd George, MacDonald, Edward VII (who used half-hour DST at Sandringham), the managing director of Harrods, and the manager of the National Bank. However, the opposition was stronger: it included Prime Minister H. H. Asquith, Christie (the Astronomer Royal), George Darwin, Napier Shaw (director of the Meteorological Office), many agricultural organizations, and theatre owners. After many hearings the proposal was narrowly defeated in a Parliament committee vote in 1909. Willett's allies introduced similar bills every year from 1911 through 1914, to no avail. The US was even more skeptical: Andrew Peters introduced a DST bill to the US House of Representatives in May 1909, but it soon died in committee. Question: Which political supporter of Willett's proposal had already used the half-hour version of DST at Sandringham? Answer: Edward VII Question: What was the name of the director of the Meteorological Office who opposed DST? Answer: Napier Shaw Question: What year did Parliament first take a vote and decide against implementing daylight savings? Answer: 1909 Question: Who was responsible for bringing a bill proposing DST to the U.S. House of Representatives? Answer: Andrew Peters
Context: The FBI is headquartered at the J. Edgar Hoover Building in Washington, D.C., with 56 field offices in major cities across the United States. The FBI also maintains over 400 resident agencies across the United States, as well as over 50 legal attachés at United States embassies and consulates. Many specialized FBI functions are located at facilities in Quantico, Virginia, as well as a "data campus" in Clarksburg, West Virginia, where 96 million sets of fingerprints "from across the United States are stored, along with others collected by American authorities from prisoners in Saudi Arabia and Yemen, Iraq and Afghanistan." The FBI is in process of moving its Records Management Division, which processes Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests, to Winchester, Virginia. Question: Where is the FBI located? Answer: J. Edgar Hoover Building in Washington, D.C., Question: Where are specialized FBI functions located? Answer: Quantico, Virginia Question: Where is the FBI's data campus? Answer: Clarksburg, West Virginia Question: What act is the FBI required to process requests for? Answer: FOIA Question: How many sets of fingerprints does the FBI have? Answer: 96 million Question: Where is the CIA headquarters located? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many field offices in major cities does the CIA have? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many legal attaches does the CIA employ? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many sets of fingerprints from outside the United States does the FBI store? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where is the CIA moving its Records Management Division to? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Season ten is the first to include online auditions where contestants could submit a 40-second video audition via Myspace. Karen Rodriguez was one such auditioner and reached the final rounds. Question: What was the first season of American Idol to feature online auditions? Answer: Season ten Question: What website hosted auditions for American Idols tenth season? Answer: Myspace Question: How did Karen Rodriguez audition for American Idol season ten? Answer: Myspace Question: This is the first season to have what kind of auditions? Answer: online Question: Where could contestants submit a video audition? Answer: Myspace
Context: Race and ethnicity are considered separate and distinct identities, with Hispanic or Latino origin asked as a separate question. Thus, in addition to their race or races, all respondents are categorized by membership in one of two ethnic categories, which are "Hispanic or Latino" and "Not Hispanic or Latino". However, the practice of separating "race" and "ethnicity" as different categories has been criticized both by the American Anthropological Association and members of U.S. Commission on Civil Rights. Question: How many ethnic categories are there in the US census? Answer: two Question: In addition to Hispanic and Latino, what other ethnic category is included in the United States Census? Answer: Not Hispanic or Latino Question: What association criticized the separation of race and ethnicity in the UScensus? Answer: the American Anthropological Association Question: Members of what commission criticized the separation of race and ethnic city on the US Census? Answer: U.S. Commission on Civil Rights Question: In ethnic classification for the U.S. Census, What option do respondents have other than not Hispanic or Latino? Answer: Hispanic or Latino
Context: The so-called "Sack of Palermo" is one of the major visible faces of the problem. The term is used to indicate the speculative building practices that have filled the city with poor buildings. The reduced importance of agriculture in the Sicilian economy has led to a massive migration to the cities, especially Palermo, which swelled in size, leading to rapid expansion towards the north. The regulatory plans for expansion was largely ignored in the boom. New parts of town appeared almost out of nowhere, but without parks, schools, public buildings, proper roads and the other amenities that characterise a modern city. Question: To what does the term "Sack of Palermo" refer? Answer: speculative building practices that have filled the city with poor buildings Question: Why did Palermo substancially grow in size? Answer: reduced importance of agriculture in the Sicilian economy has led to a massive migration to the cities Question: What did Palermo expansion lack? Answer: t parks, schools, public buildings, proper roads and the other amenities that characterise a modern city Question: What is the term for the building boom erected many fine buildings? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What has led to migration away from the cities? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What caused Palermo to expand to the south? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was carefully followed during the boom? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The practice of playing one or two preseason exhibition games by each team before the start of the regular season was discontinued when the NBC contract was initiated, and the regular season was extended from 14 games, the length that it had been since 1996, to 16 from 2001 to 2010, and since 2016. From 2011 to 2015, the regular season league expanded to 18 games, with each team having two bye weeks and the option of two preseason games. Question: A contract with what television network led to the discontinuation of exhibition games in the preseason? Answer: NBC Question: How many games was the regular season in 1996? Answer: 14 Question: How many games were played in the 2001 regular season? Answer: 16 Question: How many games long was the 2011 regular season? Answer: 18 Question: How many games will each team play in the 2016 regular season? Answer: 16
Context: As sound scholar Jonathan Sterne notes, "An Australian hacker acquired l3enc using a stolen credit card. The hacker then reverse-engineered the software, wrote a new user interface, and redistributed it for free, naming it "thank you Fraunhofer"". Question: What was Jonathan Sterne's profession? Answer: sound scholar Question: Which nationality was the hacker who acquired I3enc? Answer: Australian Question: What did the hacker use to acquire the software? Answer: stolen credit card Question: The hacker re-wrote which element of the program? Answer: user interface Question: How much did the new released program by the hacker cost? Answer: free
Context: At least one quarter of all MIs are silent, without chest pain or other symptoms. These cases can be discovered later on electrocardiograms, using blood enzyme tests, or at autopsy without a prior history of related complaints. Estimates of the prevalence of silent MIs vary between 22 and 64%. A silent course is more common in the elderly, in people with diabetes mellitus and after heart transplantation, probably because the donor heart is not fully innervated by the nervous system of the recipient. In people with diabetes, differences in pain threshold, autonomic neuropathy, and psychological factors have been cited as possible explanations for the lack of symptoms. Question: What percentage of silent cases are later discovered on electrocardiograms? Answer: Unanswerable Question: People with what disease are least likely to experience a silent MI? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why is a donor heart more sensitive to pain from MIs? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What have been ruled out as possible explanations for silent MIs in diabetics? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What fraction of MIs are discovered with blood enzyme tests? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Judicial power—the power to decide cases and controversies—is vested in the Supreme Court and inferior courts established by Congress. The judges must be appointed by the president with the advice and consent of the Senate, hold office during good behavior and receive compensations that may not be diminished during their continuance in office. If a court's judges do not have such attributes, the court may not exercise the judicial power of the United States. Courts exercising the judicial power are called "constitutional courts." Question: In what branch is the ability to try legal cases placed? Answer: Judicial Question: Who nominates justices for the U.S. Supreme Court? Answer: president Question: Who must approve presidential appointees to the Supreme Court? Answer: Senate Question: What is the term for judicial institutions exercising their power? Answer: constitutional courts Question: What is the power given to the supreme court and lower courts called? Answer: Judicial power Question: Who appoints a judge? Answer: the president Question: Who gives the President advice and consent for a judge appointment? Answer: the Senate Question: Which type of power is vested in Congress? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who must be appointed by Supreme Court judges? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are courts exercising presidential power referred to? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who appoints judges to the presidency? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of power gives the power to decided controversies to the president? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The highest peaks of the Western Alps and Eastern Alps, respectively, are Mont Blanc, at 4,810 m (15,780 ft) and Piz Bernina at 4,049 metres (13,284 ft). The second-highest major peaks are Monte Rosa at 4,634 m (15,200 ft) and Ortler at 3,905 m (12,810 ft), respectively Question: The highest peak of the Western Alps is where? Answer: Mont Blanc Question: How tall is the peak at Mont Blanc? Answer: 4,810 m Question: The highest peak of the Eastern Alps is where? Answer: Piz Bernina Question: How tall is the peak of Piz Bernina Answer: 4,049 metres
Context: After his election as Bishop of Rome, Paul VI first met with the priests in his new dioceses. He told them that in Milan he started a dialogue with the modern world and asked them to seek contact with all people from all walks of life. Six days after his election he announced that he would continue Vatican II and convened the opening to take place on 29 September 1963. In a radio address to the world, Paul VI recalled the uniqueness of his predecessors, the strength of Pius XI, the wisdom and intelligence of Pius XII and the love of John XXIII. As "his pontifical goals" he mentioned the continuation and completion of Vatican II, the reform of the Canon Law and improved social peace and justice in the world. The Unity of Christianity would be central to his activities. Question: What did Paul VI want to keep open with the modern world and people from all walks of life? Answer: a dialogue Question: How many days after Paul VI election did he announce he would continue the Vatican II? Answer: Six Question: On what date was Vatican II re convened? Answer: 29 September Question: Six days after he was elected, what did Paul VI announce he would continue? Answer: Vatican II Question: What did Paul want to reform as a newly elected pope? Answer: Canon Law
Context: The junction forward voltage is the voltage applied to the emitter–base junction of a BJT in order to make the base conduct a specified current. The current increases exponentially as the junction forward voltage is increased. The values given in the table are typical for a current of 1 mA (the same values apply to semiconductor diodes). The lower the junction forward voltage the better, as this means that less power is required to "drive" the transistor. The junction forward voltage for a given current decreases with increase in temperature. For a typical silicon junction the change is −2.1 mV/°C. In some circuits special compensating elements (sensistors) must be used to compensate for such changes. Question: What is the junction forward voltage? Answer: the voltage applied to the emitter–base junction of a BJT Question: What is the purpose of a junction forward voltage? Answer: to make the base conduct a specified current Question: What is the ideal junction forward voltage? Answer: lower Question: Why is the ideal junction forward voltage lower? Answer: less power is required to "drive" the transistor Question: When happens to the junction forward voltage when temperature is raised? Answer: decreases Question: What applies voltage to the emitter-base junction? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are most BJTs made of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are sensistors made of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of circuit needs special compensating elements the most? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Beer is composed mostly of water. Regions have water with different mineral components; as a result, different regions were originally better suited to making certain types of beer, thus giving them a regional character. For example, Dublin has hard water well-suited to making stout, such as Guinness; while the Plzeň Region has soft water well-suited to making Pilsner (pale lager), such as Pilsner Urquell. The waters of Burton in England contain gypsum, which benefits making pale ale to such a degree that brewers of pale ales will add gypsum to the local water in a process known as Burtonisation. Question: What is the main ingredient in beer? Answer: water Question: What type of water is good for making stout beer, like Guinness? Answer: hard water Question: What type of water is best for making pale lager? Answer: soft water Question: What is the process called when gypsum is added to water? Answer: Burtonisation Question: What type of beer benefits most from water that contains gypsum? Answer: pale ale Question: What is composed of mostly beer? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of beer is Dublin's soft water well-suited to make? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of beer is the Plzen Region's hard water well-suited to make? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of beer is the Urquell waters in England ideal for? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The United Nations Organization and its children's agency UNICEF withdrew their staff, saying that it wasn't sure the event would help its mission of raising awareness of conditions for children and amid concerns that the relay would be used as a propaganda stunt. "It was unconscionable," said a UN official who was briefed on the arguments. North Korea is frequently listed among the world’s worst offenders against human rights. Question: The United Nations Organization and UNICEF felt the relay could be used as what? Answer: a propaganda stunt. Question: North Korea is often listed among the worst offenders in the world in what regard? Answer: against human rights. Question: What is the children's agency of the United Nations Organization? Answer: UNICEF Question: Both organizations withdrew what? Answer: their staff Question: What is the mission of the organizations? Answer: raising awareness of conditions for children Question: Who is often listed amongst the world's worst offenders when it comes to human rights? Answer: North Korea
Context: The Plymouth Brethren are a conservative, low church, evangelical movement, whose history can be traced to Dublin, Ireland, in the late 1820s, originating from Anglicanism. Among other beliefs, the group emphasizes sola scriptura. Brethren generally see themselves not as a denomination, but as a network, or even as a collection of overlapping networks, of like-minded independent churches. Although the group refused for many years to take any denominational name to itself—a stance that some of them still maintain—the title The Brethren, is one that many of their number are comfortable with in that the Bible designates all believers as brethren. Question: Where do the Plymouth Brethren hail from? Answer: Dublin, Ireland Question: What belief is the emphasis of the Plymouth Brethren? Answer: sola scriptura Question: Though the Plymouth Brethren do not have a denominational name, what name is generally used for them? Answer: The Brethren Question: When did the Plymouth Brethren originate? Answer: late 1820s Question: What denomination do the Brethren originate from? Answer: Anglicanism
Context: To unambiguously specify the date, dual dating or Old Style (O.S.) and New Style (N.S.) are sometimes used with dates. Dual dating uses two consecutive years because of differences in the starting date of the year, or includes both the Julian and Gregorian dates. Old Style and New Style (N.S.) indicate either whether the start of the Julian year has been adjusted to start on 1 January (N.S.) even though documents written at the time use a different start of year (O.S.), or whether a date conforms to the Julian calendar (O.S.) rather than the Gregorian (N.S.). Question: What does duel dating use to show the date? Answer: two consecutive years Question: What is the Old Style date mean? Answer: Julian calendar Question: What is N.S. stand for? Answer: New Style Question: What are New Style dates? Answer: Gregorian Question: Why use two consecutive year dates? Answer: starting date of the year Question: What is used with dates to determine whether a date is correct or not? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What uses two different dates because of a difference in the ending date of the year? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which system indicates that the Gregorian year has been adjusted to start on January 1? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which system indicates that the date that the Julian date has been adjusted for length? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Israel has embraced solar energy; its engineers are on the cutting edge of solar energy technology and its solar companies work on projects around the world. Over 90% of Israeli homes use solar energy for hot water, the highest per capita in the world. According to government figures, the country saves 8% of its electricity consumption per year because of its solar energy use in heating. The high annual incident solar irradiance at its geographic latitude creates ideal conditions for what is an internationally renowned solar research and development industry in the Negev Desert. Israel had a modern electric car infrastructure involving a countrywide network of recharging stations to facilitate the charging and exchange of car batteries. It was thought that this would have lowered Israel's oil dependency and lowered the fuel costs of hundreds of Israel's motorists that use cars powered only by electric batteries. The Israeli model was being studied by several countries and being implemented in Denmark and Australia. However, Israel's trailblazing electric car company Better Place shut down in 2013. Question: How many homes in Israel use solar energy for hot water? Answer: Over 90% Question: How much electricity does the country save per year? Answer: 8% Question: When did Better Place shut down? Answer: 2013
Context: Shell sold 9.5% of its 23.1% stake in Woodside Petroleum in June 2014 and advised that it had reached an agreement for Woodside to buy back 9.5% of its shares at a later stage. Shell became a major shareholder in Woodside after a 2001 takeover attempt was blocked by then federal Treasurer Peter Costello and the corporation has been open about its intention to sell its stake in Woodside as part of its target to shed assets. At a general body meeting, held on 1 August 2014, 72 percent of shareholders voted to approve the buy-back, short of the 75 percent vote that was required for approval. A statement from Shell read: "Royal Dutch Shell acknowledges the outcome of Woodside Petroleum Limited's shareholders' negative vote on the selective buy-back proposal. Shell is reviewing its options in relation to its remaining 13.6 percent holding." Question: What percent of its stake in Woodside Petroleum did Shell sell in June 2014? Answer: 9.5% Question: Shell became a major shareholder in Woodside after a takeover attempt was blocked in what year? Answer: 2001 Question: Who blocked the takeover attempt? Answer: then federal Treasurer Peter Costello Question: What percentage of shareholders voted to approve the 2014 buy-back? Answer: 72 Question: What percentage of shareholder votes was need to approve the 2014 buy-back? Answer: 75 Question: How much Woodside stock in Shell sell in 2001? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What Shell treasurer try to takeover Woodside in 2001? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What percentage of shareholders approved the takeover attempt? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What percentage of shareholders was required to block the Woodside takeover? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the meeting to decide whether or not to sell 9.5% of its Woodside Petroleum stock? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Hard rock entered the 1990s as one of the dominant forms of commercial music. The multi-platinum releases of AC/DC's The Razors Edge (1990), Guns N' Roses' Use Your Illusion I and Use Your Illusion II (both in 1991), Ozzy Osbourne's No More Tears (1991), and Van Halen's For Unlawful Carnal Knowledge (1991) showcased this popularity. Additionally, The Black Crowes released their debut album, Shake Your Money Maker (1990), which contained a bluesy classic rock sound and sold five million copies. In 1992, Def Leppard followed up 1987's Hysteria with Adrenalize, which went multi-platinum, spawned four Top 40 singles and held the number one spot on the US album chart for five weeks. Question: Guns N Roses released both Use Your Illusion albums in what year? Answer: 1991 Question: What band's debut was titled Shake Your Money Maker? Answer: The Black Crowes Question: What was the title of Def Leppard's 1992 album? Answer: Adrenalize Question: Adrenalize followed what 1987 Def Leppard record? Answer: Hysteria Question: Adrenalize topped US album charts for how long? Answer: five weeks Question: In which decade did hard rock see a decline of dominance in commercial music? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What year did Ozzy Osbourne release Unlawful Carnal Knowledge? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was The Black Crowes second album? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which Def Leppard 1987 album held the number one spot in the British charts for five weeks? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which 1990 Def Leppard album sold five million copies in 1990? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Germany's strong ties with Israel include cooperation on scientific and educational endeavors and the two states remain strong economic and military partners. Under the reparations agreement, by 2007[update] Germany had paid 25 billion euros in reparations to the Israeli state and individual Israeli Holocaust survivors. The UK has kept full diplomatic relations with Israel since its formation having had two visits from heads of state in 2007. The UK is seen as having a "natural" relationship with Israel on account of the British Mandate for Palestine. Relations between the two countries were also made stronger by former prime minister Tony Blair's efforts for a two state resolution. Israel is included in the European Union's European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP), which aims at bringing the EU and its neighbours closer. Question: How much did Germany pay in reparations to the Israeli state? Answer: 25 billion euros Question: What prime minister helped relations? Answer: Tony Blair Question: What aims at bringing EU and its neighbours closer? Answer: European Neighbourhood Policy
Context: Muslim engineers in the Islamic world made a number of innovative industrial uses of hydropower, and early industrial uses of tidal power and wind power, fossil fuels such as petroleum, and early large factory complexes (tiraz in Arabic). The industrial uses of watermills in the Islamic world date back to the 7th century, while horizontal-wheeled and vertical-wheeled water mills were both in widespread use since at least the 9th century. A variety of industrial mills were being employed in the Islamic world, including early fulling mills, gristmills, hullers, sawmills, ship mills, stamp mills, steel mills, sugar mills, tide mills and windmills. By the 11th century, every province throughout the Islamic world had these industrial mills in operation, from al-Andalus and North Africa to the Middle East and Central Asia. Muslim engineers also invented crankshafts and water turbines, employed gears in mills and water-raising machines, and pioneered the use of dams as a source of water power, used to provide additional power to watermills and water-raising machines. Such advances made it possible for industrial tasks that were previously driven by manual labour in ancient times to be mechanized and driven by machinery instead in the medieval Islamic world. The transfer of these technologies to medieval Europe had an influence on the Industrial Revolution. Question: How early did people in the Muslim World start using watermills? Answer: 7th century Question: At what point was the use of watermills common in the Muslim World? Answer: 9th century Question: In what century had mills such as gristmills and sawmills dominate the Islamic world? Answer: 11th century Question: Who invented crankshafts? Answer: Muslim engineers Question: Who was the inventor of water turbines? Answer: Muslim engineers Question: What did people in the Muslim world start using in the 700's? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who had watermills by the 1100's? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What revolution impacted the medieval Islamic world? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who invented dams? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Typographically, the basic difference between the majuscules and minuscules is not that the majuscules are big and minuscules small, but that the majuscules generally have the same height. The height of the minuscules varies, as some of them have parts higher or lower than the average, i.e. ascenders and descenders. In Times New Roman, for instance, b, d, f, h, k, l, t are the letters with ascenders, and g, j, p, q, y are the ones with descenders. Further to this, with old-style numerals still used by some traditional or classical fonts—although most do have a set of alternative Lining Figures— 6 and 8 make up the ascender set, and 3, 4, 5, 7 and 9 the descender set. Question: Who do majuscules have which distinguish themselves from minuscules? Answer: generally have the same height Question: In Time New Roman the letter "b" would be consider which type of letter based on whether it is above or below average height? Answer: ascenders Question: Descending letters tend to have a part which falls where relative to the average height of a letter? Answer: lower than the average Question: Besides the number 6, which number makes of the ascender set in some traditional or classical fonts? Answer: 8
Context: By the verse Quran, 2:124, Shias believe that Imamah is a divine position always Imamah is accompanied by the word guidance, of course a guidance by God's Command.A kind of guidance which brings humanity to the goal. Regarding 17:71, no age can be without an Imam. So, according to the upper verse 1.Imamah is a position which is appointed by God and must be specified by Him 2.Imam is protected by a divine protection and no one exceles him in nobility 3. No age can be without an Imam and finally Imam knows everything which is needed for human being to get to the truth and goal. Question: By what Quran verse to Shias believe that Imamah is a divine position? Answer: 2:124 Question: What does the Quran verse 17:71 say? Answer: no age can be without an Imam Question: Imamah is a position appointed by who? Answer: God Question: What is an Imam protected by? Answer: divine protection Question: Who knows everything that is needed to get to the truth and goal? Answer: Imam
Context: During his life and especially in the first year after his death, several places were named after Tito. Several of these places have since returned to their original names, such as Podgorica, formerly Titograd (though Podgorica's international airport is still identified by the code TGD), and Užice, formerly Titovo Užice, which reverted to its original name in 1992. Streets in Belgrade, the capital, have all reverted to their original pre–World War II and pre-communist names as well. In 2004, Antun Augustinčić's statue of Broz in his birthplace of Kumrovec was decapitated in an explosion. It was subsequently repaired. Twice in 2008, protests took place in Zagreb's Marshal Tito Square, organized by a group called Circle for the Square (Krug za Trg), with an aim to force the city government to rename it to its previous name, while a counter-protest by Citizens' Initiative Against Ustašism (Građanska inicijativa protiv ustaštva) accused the "Circle for the Square" of historical revisionism and neo-fascism. Croatian president Stjepan Mesić criticized the demonstration to change the name. In the Croatian coastal city of Opatija the main street (also its longest street) still bears the name of Marshal Tito, as do streets in numerous towns in Serbia, mostly in the country's north. One of the main streets in downtown Sarajevo is called Marshal Tito Street, and Tito's statue in a park in front of the university campus (ex. JNA barrack "Maršal Tito") in Marijin Dvor is a place where Bosnians and Sarajevans still today commemorate and pay tribute to Tito (image on the right). The largest Tito monument in the world, about 10 m (33 ft) high, is located at Tito Square (Slovene: Titov trg), the central square in Velenje, Slovenia. One of the main bridges in Slovenia's second largest city of Maribor is Tito Bridge (Titov most). The central square in Koper, the largest Slovenian port city, is as well named Tito Square. Question: What name was changed to Titograd? Answer: Podgorica Question: When did Uziece revert to its original name? Answer: 1992 Question: Where is the birthplace of Antun Augustincic? Answer: Kumrovec Question: What country is Stejpan Mesic president of? Answer: Croatian Question: Where is the largest Tito monument located? Answer: Slovenia
Context: Mathematicians often strive for a complete classification (or list) of a mathematical notion. In the context of finite groups, this aim leads to difficult mathematics. According to Lagrange's theorem, finite groups of order p, a prime number, are necessarily cyclic (abelian) groups Zp. Groups of order p2 can also be shown to be abelian, a statement which does not generalize to order p3, as the non-abelian group D4 of order 8 = 23 above shows. Computer algebra systems can be used to list small groups, but there is no classification of all finite groups.q[›] An intermediate step is the classification of finite simple groups.r[›] A nontrivial group is called simple if its only normal subgroups are the trivial group and the group itself.s[›] The Jordan–Hölder theorem exhibits finite simple groups as the building blocks for all finite groups. Listing all finite simple groups was a major achievement in contemporary group theory. 1998 Fields Medal winner Richard Borcherds succeeded in proving the monstrous moonshine conjectures, a surprising and deep relation between the largest finite simple sporadic group—the "monster group"—and certain modular functions, a piece of classical complex analysis, and string theory, a theory supposed to unify the description of many physical phenomena. Question: What level of finality do mathematicians try to reach with math concepts? Answer: complete classification Question: What area of classification leads to troublesome arithmetic? Answer: finite groups Question: What defines finite groups of order p, a prime number, as being necessarily cyclic (abelian) groups Zp? Answer: Lagrange's theorem Question: What can be used to classify small groups even though there is no classification of all finite groups? Answer: Computer algebra systems Question: What describes finite simple groups as the building pieces for all finite groups? Answer: The Jordan–Hölder theorem Question: Both p2 and p3 are what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is used to classify all finite groups? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the Jordan-Holder theorem published? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Richard Borcherd make a complete classification of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What theorem details the link between the largest finite group and modular functions? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: High-voltage AC overhead systems are not only for standard gauge national networks. The meter gauge Rhaetian Railway (RhB) and the neighbouring Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn (MGB) operate on 11 kV at 16.7 Hz frequency. Practice has proven that both Swiss and German 15 kV trains can operate under these lower voltages. The RhB started trials of the 11 kV system in 1913 on the Engadin line (St. Moritz-Scuol/Tarasp). The MGB constituents Furka-Oberalp-Bahn (FO) and Brig-Visp-Zermatt Bahn (BVZ) introduced their electric services in 1941 and 1929 respectively, adopting the already proven RhB system. Question: How did non-standard gauge trains start to operate with high-voltage AC? Answer: adopting the already proven RhB system. Question: When was the first trail of RhB system tested? Answer: 1913 Question: Low-voltage AC overhead systems are not only for what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which European trains can operate under high voltages? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The MAB consisted of whom? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who started trials of the 111kV system? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did the RhB start trials of the 11 kV system on the Rhaetian line? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Meanwhile, with the advent and popularity of Internet-based distribution of files in lossily-compressed audio formats such as MP3, sales of CDs began to decline in the 2000s. For example, between 2000 - 2008, despite overall growth in music sales and one anomalous year of increase, major-label CD sales declined overall by 20%, although independent and DIY music sales may be tracking better according to figures released 30 March 2009, and CDs still continue to sell greatly. As of 2012, CDs and DVDs made up only 34 percent of music sales in the United States. In Japan, however, over 80 percent of music was bought on CDs and other physical formats as of 2015. Question: What portion of music sales did CDs and DVDs account for in the United States as of 2012? Answer: 34 percent Question: Which country attributes over 80 percent of its music sales to physical formats? Answer: Japan Question: How are MP3s compressed? Answer: lossily-compressed Question: When did CD sales experience their original decline? Answer: 2000s Question: What has caused a decrease in CD sales? Answer: Internet-based distribution of files Question: In what year did CDs have an unusual spike in sales? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What percentage of music sales do MP3s make up? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How are CDs compressed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: By what percentage have DIY and independent CDs increased? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did MP3 sales take off in Japan? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Ottoman classical music was an important part of the education of the Ottoman elite, a number of the Ottoman sultans were accomplished musicians and composers themselves, such as Selim III, whose compositions are often still performed today. Ottoman classical music arose largely from a confluence of Byzantine music, Armenian music, Arabic music, and Persian music. Compositionally, it is organised around rhythmic units called usul, which are somewhat similar to meter in Western music, and melodic units called makam, which bear some resemblance to Western musical modes. Question: The elites of the Ottoman empire found what type of music important? Answer: Ottoman classical music Question: Many of the Sultans of the Ottoman empire were accomplished at being what? Answer: musicians and composers Question: The sultan known by what name has compositions which are still performed today? Answer: Selim III Question: What rhythmic units does Ottoman classical music use? Answer: units called usul Question: What are the melodic units used by Ottoman classical music? Answer: makam
Context: While these preparations were underway in the North, there were frequent clashes along the 38th parallel, especially at Kaesong and Ongjin, many initiated by the South. The Republic of Korea Army (ROK Army) was being trained by the U.S. Korean Military Advisory Group (KMAG). On the eve of war, KMAG's commander General William Lynn Roberts voiced utmost confidence in the ROK Army and boasted that any North Korean invasion would merely provide "target practice". For his part, Syngman Rhee repeatedly expressed his desire to conquer the North, including when American diplomat John Foster Dulles visited Korea on 18 June. Question: Who primarily initiated the clashes along the 38th parallel? Answer: the South Question: What group trained the Republic of Korea army? Answer: U.S. Korean Military Advisory Group Question: What general had a lot of confidence in the Republic of Korea's army? Answer: General William Lynn Roberts Question: Who wanted to take over North Korea? Answer: Syngman Rhee Question: Who was the diplomat that visited Korea? Answer: John Foster Dulles
Context: Although most of the simplified Chinese characters in use today are the result of the works moderated by the government of the People's Republic of China in the 1950s and 60s, character simplification predates the republic's formation in 1949. One of the earliest proponents of character simplification was Lufei Kui, who proposed in 1909 that simplified characters should be used in education. In the years following the May Fourth Movement in 1919, many anti-imperialist Chinese intellectuals sought ways to modernise China. In the 1930s and 1940s, discussions on character simplification took place within the Kuomintang government, and many Chinese intellectuals and writers have long maintained that character simplification would help boost literacy in China. In many world languages, literacy has been promoted as a justification for spelling reforms. The People's Republic of China issued its first round of official character simplifications in two documents, the first in 1956 and the second in 1964. In the 1950s and 1960s, while confusion about simplified characters was still rampant, transitional characters that mixed simplified parts with yet-to-be simplified parts of characters together appeared briefly, then disappeared. Question: What has been promoted as a justification for spelling reforms? Answer: literacy Question: Character simplification predated the republic's formation in what year? Answer: 1949 Question: Who issued the first round of official characters? Answer: The People's Republic of China
Context: Dublin Institute of Technology developed separately from the Regional Technical College system, and after several decades of association with the University of Dublin, Trinity College it acquired the authority to confer its own degrees. Question: What Irish institute of technology evolved independently of the Regional Technical College System? Answer: Dublin Institute of Technology
Context: The railroads opened up the Great Plains for settlement, for now it was possible to ship wheat and other crops at low cost to the urban markets in the East, and Europe. Homestead land was free for American settlers. Railroads sold their land at cheap rates to immigrants in expectation they would generate traffic as soon as farms were established. Immigrants poured in, especially from Germany and Scandinavia. On the plains, very few single men attempted to operate a farm or ranch by themselves; they clearly understood the need for a hard-working wife, and numerous children, to handle the many chores, including child-rearing, feeding and clothing the family, managing the housework, feeding the hired hands, and, especially after the 1930s, handling paperwork and financial details. During the early years of settlement, farm women played an integral role in assuring family survival by working outdoors. After approximately one generation, women increasingly left the fields, thus redefining their roles within the family. New technology including sewing and washing machines encouraged women to turn to domestic roles. The scientific housekeeping movement, promoted across the land by the media and government extension agents, as well as county fairs which featured achievements in home cookery and canning, advice columns for women regarding farm bookkeeping, and home economics courses in the schools. Question: what mainly opened the great plains for settlement? Answer: railroads Question: what did the railroads make it easy to do? Answer: ship wheat and other crops Question: who did the railroads sell cheap lands to? Answer: immigrants Question: who two new technologies were introducted in the 1930s? Answer: sewing and washing machines Question: In what decade did railroads start to appear in the Great Plains? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what decade did many women work outdoors on the Great Plains? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what decade were washing machines introduced? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what decade did schools start offering home economics courses? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what decade did the Great Plains start shipping wheat east? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Typical of Slavic languages, Czech marks its verbs for one of two grammatical aspects: perfective and imperfective. Most verbs are part of inflected aspect pairs—for example, koupit (perfective) and kupovat (imperfective). Although the verbs' meaning is similar, in perfective verbs the action is completed and in imperfective verbs it is ongoing. This is distinct from past and present tense, and any Czech verb of either aspect can be conjugated into any of its three tenses. Aspect describes the state of the action at the time specified by the tense. Question: What do Slavic languages tend to do to their verbs? Answer: marks Question: What two grammatical aspects can verbs in Czech have? Answer: perfective and imperfective Question: In perfective verbs, what state is the action the verb describes in? Answer: completed Question: In which verbs in Czech is the action the verb describes still ongoing? Answer: imperfective Question: What describes the state of the action of the verb at the time specified by its tense? Answer: Aspect Question: What two types of time measurement are there? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are time measurements part of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When tense is specified what happens to the action? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many main Slavic Languages are there? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is similar about three tenses in Czech? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The history of the Seven Years' War in North America, particularly the expulsion of the Acadians, the siege of Quebec, the death of Wolfe, and the Battle of Fort William Henry generated a vast number of ballads, broadsides, images, and novels (see Longfellow's Evangeline, Benjamin West's The Death of General Wolfe, James Fenimore Cooper's The Last of the Mohicans), maps and other printed materials, which testify to how this event held the imagination of the British and North American public long after Wolfe's death in 1759. Question: Name two major events of the Seven Years' War In North America. Answer: the expulsion of the Acadians, the siege of Quebec Question: Name two more major events of the Seven Years' War in North America. Answer: the death of Wolfe, and the Battle of Fort William Henry Question: How did the events of the Seven Years' War affects the production of art? Answer: generated a vast number of ballads, broadsides, images, and novels Question: What are some novels about the Seven Years' War period? Answer: Longfellow's Evangeline, Benjamin West's The Death of General Wolfe, James Fenimore Cooper's The Last of the Mohicans Question: What other items point to the interest in the events of the Seven Years' War? Answer: maps and other printed materials
Context: There are more than 100 freshwater fish species, varying from the giant European catfish (in the Tagus International Natural Park) to some small and endemic species that live only in small lakes (along the western portion of country, for example). Some of these rare and specific species are highly endangered because of habitat loss, pollution and drought. Up-welling along the west coast of Portugal makes the sea extremely rich in nutrients and diverse species of marine fish; the Portuguese marine waters are one of the richest in the world. Marine fish species are more common, and include thousands of species, such as the sardine (Sardina pilchardus), tuna and Atlantic mackerel. Bioluminescent species are also well represented (including species in different colour spectrum and forms), like the glowing plankton that are possible to observe in some beaches. Question: How many freshwater fish species can be found in Portugal? Answer: more than 100 Question: In Portugal, where can you find the giant European catfish? Answer: in the Tagus International Natural Park Question: Why are some species becoming endangered in Portugal? Answer: because of habitat loss, pollution and drought Question: What type of glowing species can be found on some beaches in Portugal? Answer: plankton
Context: Alaska has vast energy resources, although its oil reserves have been largely depleted. Major oil and gas reserves were found in the Alaska North Slope (ANS) and Cook Inlet basins, but according to the Energy Information Administration, by February 2014 Alaska had fallen to fourth place in the nation in crude oil production after Texas, North Dakota, and California. Prudhoe Bay on Alaska's North Slope is still the second highest-yielding oil field in the United States, typically producing about 400,000 barrels per day (64,000 m3/d), although by early 2014 North Dakota's Bakken Formation was producing over 900,000 barrels per day (140,000 m3/d). Prudhoe Bay was the largest conventional oil field ever discovered in North America, but was much smaller than Canada's enormous Athabasca oil sands field, which by 2014 was producing about 1,500,000 barrels per day (240,000 m3/d) of unconventional oil, and had hundreds of years of producible reserves at that rate. Question: What other states rank higher than Alaska in crude oil production? Answer: Texas, North Dakota, and California Question: How does Alaska rate in comparison with other states in crude oil production? Answer: fourth Question: Which area in Alaska is the nation's second highest-yielding oil field? Answer: Prudhoe Bay Question: How many barrels of oil does Prudhoe Bay produce per day? Answer: 400,000 Question: Prudhoe Bay is second place in production to what other oil field in the US? Answer: North Dakota's Bakken Formation Question: What other states rank lower than Alaska in crude oil production? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How does Alaska rate in comparison with other states in refined oil production? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which area in Alaska is the nation's third highest-yielding oil field? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which area in Alaska is the nation's second lowest-yielding oil field? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many barrels of oil does Prudhoe Bay produce per week? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In the first year, 400 beer houses opened and within eight years there were 46,000 across the country, far outnumbering the combined total of long-established taverns, pubs, inns and hotels. Because it was so easy to obtain permission and the profits could be huge compared to the low cost of gaining permission, the number of beer houses was continuing to rise and in some towns nearly every other house in a street could be a beer house. Finally in 1869 the growth had to be checked by magisterial control and new licensing laws were introduced. Only then was it made harder to get a licence, and the licensing laws which operate today were formulated. Question: How many beer houses opened their doors in the inaugural year of the Beer Act? Answer: 400 Question: How many beer houses existed throughout Britain eight years after the passage of the Beer Act? Answer: 46,000 Question: In what year were additional licensing laws introduced for beer houses? Answer: 1869
Context: More than 20% of the world's population is Muslim. Current estimates conclude that the number of Muslims in the world is around 1,5 billion. Muslims are the majority in 49 countries, they speak hundreds of languages and come from diverse ethnic backgrounds. Major languages spoken by Muslims include Arabic, Urdu, Bengali, Punjabi, Malay, Javanese, Sundanese, Swahili, Hausa, Fula, Berber, Tuareg, Somali, Albanian, Bosnian, Russian, Turkish, Azeri, Kazakh, Uzbek, Tatar, Persian, Kurdish, Pashto, Balochi, Sindhi and Kashmiri, among many others. Question: What percentage of the humans in the world are considered Muslim? Answer: 20% Question: How many Muslims are believed to live on earth? Answer: 1,5 billion Question: In how many nations are Muslims in the majority of people? Answer: 49 Question: How many languages are spoken by Muslims? Answer: hundreds Question: What percentage of the world is made up of Muslim nations? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many countries are Muslims the minority in? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What languages are spoken by all Muslims? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In some cultures, insects, especially deep-fried cicadas, are considered to be delicacies, while in other places they form part of the normal diet. Insects have a high protein content for their mass, and some authors suggest their potential as a major source of protein in human nutrition.:10–13 In most first-world countries, however, entomophagy (the eating of insects), is taboo. Since it is impossible to entirely eliminate pest insects from the human food chain, insects are inadvertently present in many foods, especially grains. Food safety laws in many countries do not prohibit insect parts in food, but rather limit their quantity. According to cultural materialist anthropologist Marvin Harris, the eating of insects is taboo in cultures that have other protein sources such as fish or livestock. Question: Insects are considered as what in some cultures? Answer: delicacies Question: What deep-fried insect is part of the normal diet in some cultures? Answer: cicadas Question: Insects have what kind of protein content? Answer: high Question: What is the term for eating insects? Answer: entomophagy Question: Where is eating insects considered taboo? Answer: first-world countries
Context: Since approximately 2000, many parts of downtown New Haven have been revitalized, with new restaurants, nightlife, and small retail stores. In particular, the area surrounding the New Haven Green has experienced an influx of apartments and condominiums. In recent years, downtown retail options have increased with the opening of new stores such as Urban Oufitters, J Crew, Origins, American Apparel, Gant Clothing, and an Apple Store, joining older stores such as Barnes & Noble, Cutlers Records, and Raggs Clothing. In addition, downtown's growing residential population will be served by two new supermarkets, a Stop & Shop just outside downtown and Elm City Market located one block from the Green. The recent turnaround of downtown New Haven has received positive press from various periodicals. Question: In approximately what year did revitalization most recently begin to occur in downtown New Haven? Answer: 2000 Question: What specific area of downtown New Haven enjoyed a notable increase in apartments in condominiums at the beginning of the current century? Answer: the area surrounding the New Haven Green Question: What specific service sector has substantially increased in downtown New Haven in recent years? Answer: retail Question: In addition to Stop & Shop, what new supermarket is located one block from the Green and is poised to serve the growing downtown population? Answer: Elm City Market Question: In the 21st Century what has happen to most of Downtown New Haven in terms of retail? Answer: the opening of new stores Question: How has the media perceive most of these changes to the Downtown area? Answer: positive press from various periodicals. Question: What has happen in New Haven Green during the 2000s? Answer: experienced an influx of apartments Question: Including to the growth, what market chain have expanded nearby Downtown New Haven? Answer: Stop & Shop
Context: Delicate sounds and fine overtones were mostly lost, because it took a lot of sound energy to vibrate the recording horn diaphragm and cutting mechanism. There were acoustic limitations due to mechanical resonances in both the recording and playback system. Some pictures of acoustic recording sessions show horns wrapped with tape to help mute these resonances. Even an acoustic recording played back electrically on modern equipment sounds like it was recorded through a horn, notwithstanding a reduction in distortion because of the modern playback. Toward the end of the acoustic era, there were many fine examples of recordings made with horns. Question: What was the quality of sound recordings made with horns at the end of the acoustic era? Answer: many fine examples Question: What were issues facing play back and recording mechanics? Answer: acoustic limitations Question: Why do photos show take on horns? Answer: help mute these resonances Question: How would a record recorded with a horn sound played through modern equipment? Answer: like it was recorded through a horn Question: What was the cause of delicate and fine sound loss? Answer: took a lot of sound energy
Context: In the Kingdom of Poland and later in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ennoblement (nobilitacja) may be equated with an individual given legal status as a szlachta (member of the Polish nobility). Initially, this privilege could be granted by monarch, but from the 1641 onward, this right was reserved for the sejm. Most often the individual being ennobled would join an existing noble szlachta clan and assume the undifferentiated coat of arms of that clan. Question: Before 1641 the privileged ennoblement was granted by what? Answer: by monarch Question: What right was reversed by sijm? Answer: ennoblement Question: What would be given to the enobled one? Answer: undifferentiated coat of arms Question: After 1641 who was given the privilege of ennoblement? Answer: sejm Question: What clan was given the privileged of enoblement? Answer: szlachta clan
Context: The question of priority for the variable resistance feature of the telephone was raised by the examiner before he approved Bell's patent application. He told Bell that his claim for the variable resistance feature was also described in Gray's caveat. Bell pointed to a variable resistance device in Bell's previous application in which Bell described a cup of mercury, not water. Bell had filed the mercury application at the patent office a year earlier on February 25, 1875, long before Elisha Gray described the water device. In addition, Gray abandoned his caveat, and because he did not contest Bell's priority, the examiner approved Bell's patent on March 3, 1876. Gray had reinvented the variable resistance telephone, but Bell was the first to write down the idea and the first to test it in a telephone. Question: What part of the telephone was investigated by the patent officer? Answer: variable resistance Question: When did Bell put in his prior patent? Answer: February 25, 1875 Question: What liquid did Bell use in his first application? Answer: mercury
Context: After his coronation, John moved south into France with military forces and adopted a defensive posture along the eastern and southern Normandy borders. Both sides paused for desultory negotiations before the war recommenced; John's position was now stronger, thanks to confirmation that the counts Baldwin IX of Flanders and Renaud of Boulogne had renewed the anti-French alliances they had previously agreed to with Richard. The powerful Anjou nobleman William des Roches was persuaded to switch sides from Arthur to John; suddenly the balance seemed to be tipping away from Philip and Arthur in favour of John. Neither side was keen to continue the conflict, and following a papal truce the two leaders met in January 1200 to negotiate possible terms for peace. From John's perspective, what then followed represented an opportunity to stabilise control over his continental possessions and produce a lasting peace with Philip in Paris. John and Philip negotiated the May 1200 Treaty of Le Goulet; by this treaty, Philip recognised John as the rightful heir to Richard in respect to his French possessions, temporarily abandoning the wider claims of his client, Arthur.[nb 4] John, in turn, abandoned Richard's former policy of containing Philip through alliances with Flanders and Boulogne, and accepted Philip's right as the legitimate feudal overlord of John's lands in France. John's policy earned him the disrespectful title of "John Softsword" from some English chroniclers, who contrasted his behaviour with his more aggressive brother, Richard. Question: John moved south into where? Answer: France Question: Who renewed the anti-French alliances? Answer: Baldwin IX of Flanders and Renaud of Boulogne Question: When was the Treaty of Le Goulet negotiated? Answer: May 1200 Question: What nickname did John's policy earn him? Answer: John Softsword
Context: The group's second LP, Queen II, was released in 1974, and features rock photographer Mick Rock's iconic image of the band on the cover. This image would be used as the basis for the 1975 "Bohemian Rhapsody" music video production. The album reached number five on the British album chart and became the first Queen album to chart in the UK. The Freddie Mercury-written lead single "Seven Seas of Rhye" reached number ten in the UK, giving the band their first hit. The album is the first real testament to the band's distinctive layered sound, and features long complex instrumental passages, fantasy-themed lyrics, and musical virtuosity. Aside from its only single, the album also included the song "The March of the Black Queen", a six-minute epic which lacks a chorus. The Daily Vault described the number as "menacing". Critical reaction was mixed; the Winnipeg Free Press, while praising the band's debut album, described Queen II as a "over-produced monstrosity". Allmusic has described the album as a favourite among the band's hardcore fans, and it is the first of three Queen albums to feature in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die. Question: What was the name of Queen's second LP? Answer: Queen II Question: What year was Queen's second album released? Answer: 1974 Question: Who designed the cover of Queen's second album? Answer: Mick Rock Question: Who wrote the song Seven Seas of Rhye? Answer: Freddie Mercury Question: How long is the song The March of the Black Queen? Answer: six-minute

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