bio-datasets/bigbio-ner-merged · Datasets at Hugging Face

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cDNA is a DNA, fibroblast growth factor is a Protein, human is a Eukaryote, heart is a Tissue, human is a Eukaryote, fibroblast growth factor is a Protein, hFGF is a Protein, fibroblast growth factor-9 is a Protein, human is a Eukaryote, heart is a Tissue, cDNA is a DNA, protein is a Protein, amino acid is a AminoAcid, human is a Eukaryote, heart is a Tissue, cDNA is a DNA, coding region is a ProteinCodingRegion, gene is a Gene, human is a Eukaryote, tissues is a Tissue, gene is a Gene, human is a Eukaryote, heart is a Tissue, human is a Eukaryote, brain is a Tissue, human is a Eukaryote, tissues is a Tissue	37_task1	Sentence: Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding a novel fibroblast growth factor preferentially expressed in human heart. A novel human fibroblast growth factor (hFGF), which shows 75% sequence homology with fibroblast growth factor-9, was isolated in random sequencing of a human heart cDNA library. The full-length sequence is 928 bp, the encoded protein is composed of 168 amino acid residues, and its pI value and molecular weight were estimated to be 8.13 and 19.1 kDa, respectively. RT-PCR using Marathon human heart cDNA shows that the coding region is approximately 507 bp. Southern hybridization showed a single band which indicates that this is a single copy gene. Northern hybridization done on a human multiple tissues blot showed that the gene is preferentially expressed in human heart, very weakly detectable in human brain and not detectable in 18 other different human tissues. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cDNA, fibroblast growth factor, human, heart, human, fibroblast growth factor, hFGF, fibroblast growth factor-9, human, heart, cDNA, protein, amino acid, human, heart, cDNA, coding region, gene, human, tissues, gene, human, heart, human, brain, human, tissues Options: ProteinCodingRegion, AminoAcid, DNA, Tissue, Gene, Eukaryote, Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-AminoAcid", "I-AminoAcid", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-ProteinCodingRegion", "I-ProteinCodingRegion", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "O", "B-Tissue", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "O", "O" ]	Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding a novel fibroblast growth factor preferentially expressed in human heart. A novel human fibroblast growth factor (hFGF), which shows 75% sequence homology with fibroblast growth factor-9, was isolated in random sequencing of a human heart cDNA library. The full-length sequence is 928 bp, the encoded protein is composed of 168 amino acid residues, and its pI value and molecular weight were estimated to be 8.13 and 19.1 kDa, respectively. RT-PCR using Marathon human heart cDNA shows that the coding region is approximately 507 bp. Southern hybridization showed a single band which indicates that this is a single copy gene. Northern hybridization done on a human multiple tissues blot showed that the gene is preferentially expressed in human heart, very weakly detectable in human brain and not detectable in 18 other different human tissues.	[ "Cloning", "and", "characterization", "of", "a", "cDNA", "encoding", "a", "novel", "fibroblast", "growth", "factor", "preferentially", "expressed", "in", "human", "heart", ".", "A", "novel", "human", "fibroblast", "growth", "factor", "(", "hFGF", ")", ",", "which", "shows", "75", "%", "sequence", "homology", "with", "fibroblast", "growth", "factor-9", ",", "was", "isolated", "in", "random", "sequencing", "of", "a", "human", "heart", "cDNA", "library", ".", "The", "full", "-", "length", "sequence", "is", "928", "bp", ",", "the", "encoded", "protein", "is", "composed", "of", "168", "amino", "acid", "residues", ",", "and", "its", "pI", "value", "and", "molecular", "weight", "were", "estimated", "to", "be", "8.13", "and", "19.1", "kDa", ",", "respectively", ".", "RT", "-", "PCR", "using", "Marathon", "human", "heart", "cDNA", "shows", "that", "the", "coding", "region", "is", "approximately", "507", "bp", ".", "Southern", "hybridization", "showed", "a", "single", "band", "which", "indicates", "that", "this", "is", "a", "single", "copy", "gene", ".", "Northern", "hybridization", "done", "on", "a", "human", "multiple", "tissues", "blot", "showed", "that", "the", "gene", "is", "preferentially", "expressed", "in", "human", "heart", ",", "very", "weakly", "detectable", "in", "human", "brain", "and", "not", "detectable", "in", "18", "other", "different", "human", "tissues", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Protein", "ProteinCodingRegion", "AminoAcid", "Tissue", "Eukaryote", "DNA", "Gene" ]
cDNA, fibroblast growth factor, human, heart, human, fibroblast growth factor, hFGF, fibroblast growth factor-9, human, heart, cDNA, protein, amino acid, human, heart, cDNA, coding region, gene, human, tissues, gene, human, heart, human, brain, human, tissues	37_task2	Sentence: Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding a novel fibroblast growth factor preferentially expressed in human heart. A novel human fibroblast growth factor (hFGF), which shows 75% sequence homology with fibroblast growth factor-9, was isolated in random sequencing of a human heart cDNA library. The full-length sequence is 928 bp, the encoded protein is composed of 168 amino acid residues, and its pI value and molecular weight were estimated to be 8.13 and 19.1 kDa, respectively. RT-PCR using Marathon human heart cDNA shows that the coding region is approximately 507 bp. Southern hybridization showed a single band which indicates that this is a single copy gene. Northern hybridization done on a human multiple tissues blot showed that the gene is preferentially expressed in human heart, very weakly detectable in human brain and not detectable in 18 other different human tissues. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-AminoAcid", "I-AminoAcid", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-ProteinCodingRegion", "I-ProteinCodingRegion", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "O", "B-Tissue", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "O", "O" ]	Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding a novel fibroblast growth factor preferentially expressed in human heart. A novel human fibroblast growth factor (hFGF), which shows 75% sequence homology with fibroblast growth factor-9, was isolated in random sequencing of a human heart cDNA library. The full-length sequence is 928 bp, the encoded protein is composed of 168 amino acid residues, and its pI value and molecular weight were estimated to be 8.13 and 19.1 kDa, respectively. RT-PCR using Marathon human heart cDNA shows that the coding region is approximately 507 bp. Southern hybridization showed a single band which indicates that this is a single copy gene. Northern hybridization done on a human multiple tissues blot showed that the gene is preferentially expressed in human heart, very weakly detectable in human brain and not detectable in 18 other different human tissues.	[ "Cloning", "and", "characterization", "of", "a", "cDNA", "encoding", "a", "novel", "fibroblast", "growth", "factor", "preferentially", "expressed", "in", "human", "heart", ".", "A", "novel", "human", "fibroblast", "growth", "factor", "(", "hFGF", ")", ",", "which", "shows", "75", "%", "sequence", "homology", "with", "fibroblast", "growth", "factor-9", ",", "was", "isolated", "in", "random", "sequencing", "of", "a", "human", "heart", "cDNA", "library", ".", "The", "full", "-", "length", "sequence", "is", "928", "bp", ",", "the", "encoded", "protein", "is", "composed", "of", "168", "amino", "acid", "residues", ",", "and", "its", "pI", "value", "and", "molecular", "weight", "were", "estimated", "to", "be", "8.13", "and", "19.1", "kDa", ",", "respectively", ".", "RT", "-", "PCR", "using", "Marathon", "human", "heart", "cDNA", "shows", "that", "the", "coding", "region", "is", "approximately", "507", "bp", ".", "Southern", "hybridization", "showed", "a", "single", "band", "which", "indicates", "that", "this", "is", "a", "single", "copy", "gene", ".", "Northern", "hybridization", "done", "on", "a", "human", "multiple", "tissues", "blot", "showed", "that", "the", "gene", "is", "preferentially", "expressed", "in", "human", "heart", ",", "very", "weakly", "detectable", "in", "human", "brain", "and", "not", "detectable", "in", "18", "other", "different", "human", "tissues", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Protein", "ProteinCodingRegion", "AminoAcid", "Tissue", "Eukaryote", "DNA", "Gene" ]
T cell repertoire is an other_name	40849_task0	Sentence: Selection of the T cell repertoire. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: other_name	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]	Selection of the T cell repertoire.	[ "Selection", "of", "the", "T", "cell", "repertoire", "." ]	[ "cell_type", "other_name", "protein_complex" ]
T cell repertoire is an other_name	40849_task1	Sentence: Selection of the T cell repertoire. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: T cell repertoire Options: other_name	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]	Selection of the T cell repertoire.	[ "Selection", "of", "the", "T", "cell", "repertoire", "." ]	[ "cell_type", "other_name", "protein_complex" ]
T cell repertoire	40849_task2	Sentence: Selection of the T cell repertoire. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]	Selection of the T cell repertoire.	[ "Selection", "of", "the", "T", "cell", "repertoire", "." ]	[ "cell_type", "other_name", "protein_complex" ]
aldose reductase is a Intervention_Pharmacological, cardiovascular reflex tests is a Outcome_Physical, definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years is a Participant_Condition, tolrestat is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 35 is a Participant_Sample-size, placebo is a Intervention_Control, controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control . is a Participant_Condition, Valsalva ratio is a Outcome_Physical, values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests is a Outcome_Other, deep breathing tests is a Outcome_Physical, expiration - inspiration ratio is a Outcome_Physical, standard deviation is a Outcome_Physical, mean circular resultant of R - R intervals is a Outcome_Physical, postural index is a Outcome_Physical, postural hypotension is a Outcome_Physical, high transaminases levels is a Outcome_Physical, autonomic nervous system function is a Outcome_Physical	91974_task0	Sentence: Effect of aldose reductase inhibition on cardiovascular reflex tests in patients with definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years . The potential of the aldose reductase inhibitor tolrestat to ameliorate definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy ( DAN ) , as defined by standard cardiovascular autonomic function tests , was evaluated in 35 patients over a period of 2 years , with repeated measurements at 3-month intervals . The effect of tolrestat ( 200 mg a day ) was compared with that of placebo on 35 controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control . In the placebo group , a significant deterioration of the indices , with the exception of Valsalva ratio , was recorded , while tolrestat induced a significant beneficial change in the values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The deep breathing tests ( expiration-inspiration ratio , standard deviation , and mean circular resultant of R-R intervals ) , postural index , and postural hypotension were favorably affected . Three of 35 patients on tolrestat ( 8.6 % ) developed high transaminases levels ( more than threefold the upper normal limit ) and were withdrawn from the study . In conclusion , tolrestat improved autonomic nervous system function in patients with definite DAN , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The clinical importance of this finding needs further investigation . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Effect of aldose reductase inhibition on cardiovascular reflex tests in patients with definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years . The potential of the aldose reductase inhibitor tolrestat to ameliorate definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy ( DAN ) , as defined by standard cardiovascular autonomic function tests , was evaluated in 35 patients over a period of 2 years , with repeated measurements at 3-month intervals . The effect of tolrestat ( 200 mg a day ) was compared with that of placebo on 35 controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control . In the placebo group , a significant deterioration of the indices , with the exception of Valsalva ratio , was recorded , while tolrestat induced a significant beneficial change in the values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The deep breathing tests ( expiration-inspiration ratio , standard deviation , and mean circular resultant of R-R intervals ) , postural index , and postural hypotension were favorably affected . Three of 35 patients on tolrestat ( 8.6 % ) developed high transaminases levels ( more than threefold the upper normal limit ) and were withdrawn from the study . In conclusion , tolrestat improved autonomic nervous system function in patients with definite DAN , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The clinical importance of this finding needs further investigation .	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aldose reductase is a Intervention_Pharmacological, cardiovascular reflex tests is a Outcome_Physical, definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years is a Participant_Condition, tolrestat is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 35 is a Participant_Sample-size, placebo is a Intervention_Control, controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control . is a Participant_Condition, Valsalva ratio is a Outcome_Physical, values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests is a Outcome_Other, deep breathing tests is a Outcome_Physical, expiration - inspiration ratio is a Outcome_Physical, standard deviation is a Outcome_Physical, mean circular resultant of R - R intervals is a Outcome_Physical, postural index is a Outcome_Physical, postural hypotension is a Outcome_Physical, high transaminases levels is a Outcome_Physical, autonomic nervous system function is a Outcome_Physical	91974_task1	Sentence: Effect of aldose reductase inhibition on cardiovascular reflex tests in patients with definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years . The potential of the aldose reductase inhibitor tolrestat to ameliorate definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy ( DAN ) , as defined by standard cardiovascular autonomic function tests , was evaluated in 35 patients over a period of 2 years , with repeated measurements at 3-month intervals . The effect of tolrestat ( 200 mg a day ) was compared with that of placebo on 35 controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control . In the placebo group , a significant deterioration of the indices , with the exception of Valsalva ratio , was recorded , while tolrestat induced a significant beneficial change in the values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The deep breathing tests ( expiration-inspiration ratio , standard deviation , and mean circular resultant of R-R intervals ) , postural index , and postural hypotension were favorably affected . Three of 35 patients on tolrestat ( 8.6 % ) developed high transaminases levels ( more than threefold the upper normal limit ) and were withdrawn from the study . In conclusion , tolrestat improved autonomic nervous system function in patients with definite DAN , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The clinical importance of this finding needs further investigation . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: aldose reductase, cardiovascular reflex tests, definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years, tolrestat, 35, placebo, controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control ., Valsalva ratio, values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests, deep breathing tests, expiration - inspiration ratio, standard deviation, mean circular resultant of R - R intervals, postural index, postural hypotension, high transaminases levels, autonomic nervous system function Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Effect of aldose reductase inhibition on cardiovascular reflex tests in patients with definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years . The potential of the aldose reductase inhibitor tolrestat to ameliorate definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy ( DAN ) , as defined by standard cardiovascular autonomic function tests , was evaluated in 35 patients over a period of 2 years , with repeated measurements at 3-month intervals . The effect of tolrestat ( 200 mg a day ) was compared with that of placebo on 35 controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control . In the placebo group , a significant deterioration of the indices , with the exception of Valsalva ratio , was recorded , while tolrestat induced a significant beneficial change in the values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The deep breathing tests ( expiration-inspiration ratio , standard deviation , and mean circular resultant of R-R intervals ) , postural index , and postural hypotension were favorably affected . Three of 35 patients on tolrestat ( 8.6 % ) developed high transaminases levels ( more than threefold the upper normal limit ) and were withdrawn from the study . In conclusion , tolrestat improved autonomic nervous system function in patients with definite DAN , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The clinical importance of this finding needs further investigation .	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aldose reductase, cardiovascular reflex tests, definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years, tolrestat, 35, placebo, controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control ., Valsalva ratio, values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests, deep breathing tests, expiration - inspiration ratio, standard deviation, mean circular resultant of R - R intervals, postural index, postural hypotension, high transaminases levels, autonomic nervous system function	91974_task2	Sentence: Effect of aldose reductase inhibition on cardiovascular reflex tests in patients with definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years . The potential of the aldose reductase inhibitor tolrestat to ameliorate definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy ( DAN ) , as defined by standard cardiovascular autonomic function tests , was evaluated in 35 patients over a period of 2 years , with repeated measurements at 3-month intervals . The effect of tolrestat ( 200 mg a day ) was compared with that of placebo on 35 controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control . In the placebo group , a significant deterioration of the indices , with the exception of Valsalva ratio , was recorded , while tolrestat induced a significant beneficial change in the values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The deep breathing tests ( expiration-inspiration ratio , standard deviation , and mean circular resultant of R-R intervals ) , postural index , and postural hypotension were favorably affected . Three of 35 patients on tolrestat ( 8.6 % ) developed high transaminases levels ( more than threefold the upper normal limit ) and were withdrawn from the study . In conclusion , tolrestat improved autonomic nervous system function in patients with definite DAN , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The clinical importance of this finding needs further investigation . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Effect of aldose reductase inhibition on cardiovascular reflex tests in patients with definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years . The potential of the aldose reductase inhibitor tolrestat to ameliorate definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy ( DAN ) , as defined by standard cardiovascular autonomic function tests , was evaluated in 35 patients over a period of 2 years , with repeated measurements at 3-month intervals . The effect of tolrestat ( 200 mg a day ) was compared with that of placebo on 35 controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control . In the placebo group , a significant deterioration of the indices , with the exception of Valsalva ratio , was recorded , while tolrestat induced a significant beneficial change in the values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The deep breathing tests ( expiration-inspiration ratio , standard deviation , and mean circular resultant of R-R intervals ) , postural index , and postural hypotension were favorably affected . Three of 35 patients on tolrestat ( 8.6 % ) developed high transaminases levels ( more than threefold the upper normal limit ) and were withdrawn from the study . In conclusion , tolrestat improved autonomic nervous system function in patients with definite DAN , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The clinical importance of this finding needs further investigation .	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calcium is a chemical, PKC is a protein-family, PS is a chemical	1.0alpha7.train.91_task0	Sentence: In this model calcium stabilizes the binding of PKC to PS containing membranes (see also ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 ) ). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: chemical, protein-family	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-family", "O", "B-chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	In this model calcium stabilizes the binding of PKC to PS containing membranes (see also ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 ) ).	[ "In", "this", "model", "calcium", "stabilizes", "the", "binding", "of", "PKC", "to", "PS", "containing", "membranes", "(", "see", "also", "(", "2", ",", "3", ",", "4", ",", "6", ")", ")", "." ]	[ "chemical", "protein-family" ]
calcium is a chemical, PKC is a protein-family, PS is a chemical	1.0alpha7.train.91_task1	Sentence: In this model calcium stabilizes the binding of PKC to PS containing membranes (see also ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 ) ). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: calcium, PKC, PS Options: chemical, protein-family	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-family", "O", "B-chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	In this model calcium stabilizes the binding of PKC to PS containing membranes (see also ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 ) ).	[ "In", "this", "model", "calcium", "stabilizes", "the", "binding", "of", "PKC", "to", "PS", "containing", "membranes", "(", "see", "also", "(", "2", ",", "3", ",", "4", ",", "6", ")", ")", "." ]	[ "chemical", "protein-family" ]
calcium, PKC, PS	1.0alpha7.train.91_task2	Sentence: In this model calcium stabilizes the binding of PKC to PS containing membranes (see also ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 ) ). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-family", "O", "B-chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	In this model calcium stabilizes the binding of PKC to PS containing membranes (see also ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 ) ).	[ "In", "this", "model", "calcium", "stabilizes", "the", "binding", "of", "PKC", "to", "PS", "containing", "membranes", "(", "see", "also", "(", "2", ",", "3", ",", "4", ",", "6", ")", ")", "." ]	[ "chemical", "protein-family" ]
Bevacizumab - augmented is a Intervention_Pharmacological, retinal laser photocoagulation is a Intervention_Physical, intravitreal bevacizumab injection is a Intervention_Pharmacological, standard laser treatment is a Intervention_Physical, Avastin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Fluorescein angiography is a Intervention_Physical, complete regression is a Outcome_Physical, PDR is a Outcome_Physical, Avastin - treated is a Intervention_Pharmacological, complete regression rate is a Outcome_Physical, proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence is a Outcome_Physical, rapid recurrence is a Outcome_Physical	34747_task0	Sentence: Bevacizumab-augmented retinal laser photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy : a randomized double-masked clinical trial . PURPOSE To evaluate the additional therapeutic effect of single intravitreal bevacizumab injection on standard laser treatment in the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy . METHODS A prospective , fellow-eye sham controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 eyes of 40 high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy type II diabetics . All cases received standard laser treatment according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocol . Avastin-assigned eyes received 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab ( Genentech Inc. , San Francisco , CA ) on the first session of their laser treatments . Fluorescein angiography was performed at baseline and at weeks 6 and 16 , and proliferative diabetic retinopathy regression was evaluated in a masked fashion . RESULTS The median age was 52 years ( range : 39-68 ) and 30 % of the participants were male . All patients were followed for 16 weeks . A total of 87.5 % of Avastin-injected eyes and 25 % of sham group showed complete regression at week 6 of follow-up ( p < 0.005 ) . However , at week 16 , PDR recurred in a sizable number of the Avastin-treated eyes , and the complete regression rate in the two groups became identical ( 25 % ; p=1.000 ) ; partial regression rates were 70 % vs 65 % . In the subgroup of Avastin-treated eyes , multivariate analysis identified hemoglobin A1c as the strongest predictor of proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence ( p=0.033 ) . CONCLUSIONS Intravitreal bevacizumab remarkably augmented the short-term response to scatter panretinal laser photocoagulation in high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy but the effect was short-lived , as many of the eyes showed rapid recurrence . Alternative dosing ( multiple and/or periodic intravitreal Avastin injections ) is recommended for further evaluation . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Physical, Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Physical	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Bevacizumab-augmented retinal laser photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy : a randomized double-masked clinical trial . PURPOSE To evaluate the additional therapeutic effect of single intravitreal bevacizumab injection on standard laser treatment in the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy . METHODS A prospective , fellow-eye sham controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 eyes of 40 high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy type II diabetics . All cases received standard laser treatment according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocol . Avastin-assigned eyes received 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab ( Genentech Inc. , San Francisco , CA ) on the first session of their laser treatments . Fluorescein angiography was performed at baseline and at weeks 6 and 16 , and proliferative diabetic retinopathy regression was evaluated in a masked fashion . RESULTS The median age was 52 years ( range : 39-68 ) and 30 % of the participants were male . All patients were followed for 16 weeks . A total of 87.5 % of Avastin-injected eyes and 25 % of sham group showed complete regression at week 6 of follow-up ( p < 0.005 ) . However , at week 16 , PDR recurred in a sizable number of the Avastin-treated eyes , and the complete regression rate in the two groups became identical ( 25 % ; p=1.000 ) ; partial regression rates were 70 % vs 65 % . In the subgroup of Avastin-treated eyes , multivariate analysis identified hemoglobin A1c as the strongest predictor of proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence ( p=0.033 ) . CONCLUSIONS Intravitreal bevacizumab remarkably augmented the short-term response to scatter panretinal laser photocoagulation in high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy but the effect was short-lived , as many of the eyes showed rapid recurrence . Alternative dosing ( multiple and/or periodic intravitreal Avastin injections ) is recommended for further evaluation .	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Bevacizumab - augmented is a Intervention_Pharmacological, retinal laser photocoagulation is a Intervention_Physical, intravitreal bevacizumab injection is a Intervention_Pharmacological, standard laser treatment is a Intervention_Physical, Avastin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Fluorescein angiography is a Intervention_Physical, complete regression is a Outcome_Physical, PDR is a Outcome_Physical, Avastin - treated is a Intervention_Pharmacological, complete regression rate is a Outcome_Physical, proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence is a Outcome_Physical, rapid recurrence is a Outcome_Physical	34747_task1	Sentence: Bevacizumab-augmented retinal laser photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy : a randomized double-masked clinical trial . PURPOSE To evaluate the additional therapeutic effect of single intravitreal bevacizumab injection on standard laser treatment in the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy . METHODS A prospective , fellow-eye sham controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 eyes of 40 high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy type II diabetics . All cases received standard laser treatment according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocol . Avastin-assigned eyes received 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab ( Genentech Inc. , San Francisco , CA ) on the first session of their laser treatments . Fluorescein angiography was performed at baseline and at weeks 6 and 16 , and proliferative diabetic retinopathy regression was evaluated in a masked fashion . RESULTS The median age was 52 years ( range : 39-68 ) and 30 % of the participants were male . All patients were followed for 16 weeks . A total of 87.5 % of Avastin-injected eyes and 25 % of sham group showed complete regression at week 6 of follow-up ( p < 0.005 ) . However , at week 16 , PDR recurred in a sizable number of the Avastin-treated eyes , and the complete regression rate in the two groups became identical ( 25 % ; p=1.000 ) ; partial regression rates were 70 % vs 65 % . In the subgroup of Avastin-treated eyes , multivariate analysis identified hemoglobin A1c as the strongest predictor of proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence ( p=0.033 ) . CONCLUSIONS Intravitreal bevacizumab remarkably augmented the short-term response to scatter panretinal laser photocoagulation in high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy but the effect was short-lived , as many of the eyes showed rapid recurrence . Alternative dosing ( multiple and/or periodic intravitreal Avastin injections ) is recommended for further evaluation . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Bevacizumab - augmented, retinal laser photocoagulation, intravitreal bevacizumab injection, standard laser treatment, Avastin, 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab, Fluorescein angiography, complete regression, PDR, Avastin - treated, complete regression rate, proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence, rapid recurrence Options: Intervention_Physical, Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Physical	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Bevacizumab-augmented retinal laser photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy : a randomized double-masked clinical trial . PURPOSE To evaluate the additional therapeutic effect of single intravitreal bevacizumab injection on standard laser treatment in the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy . METHODS A prospective , fellow-eye sham controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 eyes of 40 high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy type II diabetics . All cases received standard laser treatment according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocol . Avastin-assigned eyes received 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab ( Genentech Inc. , San Francisco , CA ) on the first session of their laser treatments . Fluorescein angiography was performed at baseline and at weeks 6 and 16 , and proliferative diabetic retinopathy regression was evaluated in a masked fashion . RESULTS The median age was 52 years ( range : 39-68 ) and 30 % of the participants were male . All patients were followed for 16 weeks . A total of 87.5 % of Avastin-injected eyes and 25 % of sham group showed complete regression at week 6 of follow-up ( p < 0.005 ) . However , at week 16 , PDR recurred in a sizable number of the Avastin-treated eyes , and the complete regression rate in the two groups became identical ( 25 % ; p=1.000 ) ; partial regression rates were 70 % vs 65 % . In the subgroup of Avastin-treated eyes , multivariate analysis identified hemoglobin A1c as the strongest predictor of proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence ( p=0.033 ) . CONCLUSIONS Intravitreal bevacizumab remarkably augmented the short-term response to scatter panretinal laser photocoagulation in high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy but the effect was short-lived , as many of the eyes showed rapid recurrence . Alternative dosing ( multiple and/or periodic intravitreal Avastin injections ) is recommended for further evaluation .	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Bevacizumab - augmented, retinal laser photocoagulation, intravitreal bevacizumab injection, standard laser treatment, Avastin, 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab, Fluorescein angiography, complete regression, PDR, Avastin - treated, complete regression rate, proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence, rapid recurrence	34747_task2	Sentence: Bevacizumab-augmented retinal laser photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy : a randomized double-masked clinical trial . PURPOSE To evaluate the additional therapeutic effect of single intravitreal bevacizumab injection on standard laser treatment in the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy . METHODS A prospective , fellow-eye sham controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 eyes of 40 high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy type II diabetics . All cases received standard laser treatment according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocol . Avastin-assigned eyes received 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab ( Genentech Inc. , San Francisco , CA ) on the first session of their laser treatments . Fluorescein angiography was performed at baseline and at weeks 6 and 16 , and proliferative diabetic retinopathy regression was evaluated in a masked fashion . RESULTS The median age was 52 years ( range : 39-68 ) and 30 % of the participants were male . All patients were followed for 16 weeks . A total of 87.5 % of Avastin-injected eyes and 25 % of sham group showed complete regression at week 6 of follow-up ( p < 0.005 ) . However , at week 16 , PDR recurred in a sizable number of the Avastin-treated eyes , and the complete regression rate in the two groups became identical ( 25 % ; p=1.000 ) ; partial regression rates were 70 % vs 65 % . In the subgroup of Avastin-treated eyes , multivariate analysis identified hemoglobin A1c as the strongest predictor of proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence ( p=0.033 ) . CONCLUSIONS Intravitreal bevacizumab remarkably augmented the short-term response to scatter panretinal laser photocoagulation in high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy but the effect was short-lived , as many of the eyes showed rapid recurrence . Alternative dosing ( multiple and/or periodic intravitreal Avastin injections ) is recommended for further evaluation . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Bevacizumab-augmented retinal laser photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy : a randomized double-masked clinical trial . PURPOSE To evaluate the additional therapeutic effect of single intravitreal bevacizumab injection on standard laser treatment in the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy . METHODS A prospective , fellow-eye sham controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 eyes of 40 high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy type II diabetics . All cases received standard laser treatment according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocol . Avastin-assigned eyes received 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab ( Genentech Inc. , San Francisco , CA ) on the first session of their laser treatments . Fluorescein angiography was performed at baseline and at weeks 6 and 16 , and proliferative diabetic retinopathy regression was evaluated in a masked fashion . RESULTS The median age was 52 years ( range : 39-68 ) and 30 % of the participants were male . All patients were followed for 16 weeks . A total of 87.5 % of Avastin-injected eyes and 25 % of sham group showed complete regression at week 6 of follow-up ( p < 0.005 ) . However , at week 16 , PDR recurred in a sizable number of the Avastin-treated eyes , and the complete regression rate in the two groups became identical ( 25 % ; p=1.000 ) ; partial regression rates were 70 % vs 65 % . In the subgroup of Avastin-treated eyes , multivariate analysis identified hemoglobin A1c as the strongest predictor of proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence ( p=0.033 ) . CONCLUSIONS Intravitreal bevacizumab remarkably augmented the short-term response to scatter panretinal laser photocoagulation in high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy but the effect was short-lived , as many of the eyes showed rapid recurrence . Alternative dosing ( multiple and/or periodic intravitreal Avastin injections ) is recommended for further evaluation .	[ "Bevacizumab", "-", "augmented", "retinal", "laser", "photocoagulation", "in", "proliferative", "diabetic", "retinopathy", ":", "a", "randomized", "double", "-", "masked", "clinical", "trial", ".", "PURPOSE", "To", "evaluate", "the", "additional", "therapeutic", "effect", "of", "single", "intravitreal", "bevacizumab", "injection", "on", "standard", "laser", "treatment", "in", "the", "management", "of", "proliferative", "diabetic", "retinopathy", ".", "METHODS", "A", "prospective", ",", "fellow", "-", "eye", "sham", "controlled", "clinical", "trial", "was", "conducted", "on", "80", "eyes", "of", "40", "high", "-", "risk", "characteristic", "proliferative", "diabetic", "retinopathy", "type", "II", "diabetics", ".", "All", "cases", "received", "standard", "laser", "treatment", "according", "to", "Early", "Treatment", "Diabetic", "Retinopathy", "Study", "protocol", ".", "Avastin", "-", "assigned", "eyes", "received", "1.25", "mg", "intravitreal", "bevacizumab", "(", "Genentech", "Inc", ".", ",", "San", "Francisco", ",", "CA", ")", "on", "the", "first", "session", "of", "their", "laser", "treatments", ".", "Fluorescein", "angiography", "was", "performed", "at", "baseline", "and", "at", "weeks", "6", "and", "16", ",", "and", "proliferative", "diabetic", "retinopathy", "regression", "was", "evaluated", "in", "a", "masked", "fashion", ".", "RESULTS", "The", "median", "age", "was", "52", "years", "(", "range", ":", "39", "-", "68", ")", "and", "30", "%", "of", "the", "participants", "were", "male", ".", "All", "patients", "were", "followed", "for", "16", "weeks", ".", "A", "total", "of", "87.5", "%", "of", "Avastin", "-", "injected", "eyes", "and", "25", "%", "of", "sham", "group", "showed", "complete", "regression", "at", "week", "6", "of", "follow", "-", "up", "(", "p", "<", "0.005", ")", ".", "However", ",", "at", "week", "16", ",", "PDR", "recurred", "in", "a", "sizable", "number", "of", "the", "Avastin", "-", "treated", "eyes", ",", "and", "the", "complete", "regression", "rate", "in", "the", "two", "groups", "became", "identical", "(", "25", "%", ";", "p=1.000", ")", ";", "partial", "regression", "rates", "were", "70", "%", "vs", "65", "%", ".", "In", "the", "subgroup", "of", "Avastin", "-", "treated", "eyes", ",", "multivariate", "analysis", "identified", "hemoglobin", "A1c", "as", "the", "strongest", "predictor", "of", "proliferative", "diabetic", "retinopathy", "recurrence", "(", "p=0.033", ")", ".", "CONCLUSIONS", "Intravitreal", "bevacizumab", "remarkably", "augmented", "the", "short", "-", "term", "response", "to", "scatter", "panretinal", "laser", "photocoagulation", "in", "high", "-", "risk", "characteristic", "proliferative", "diabetic", "retinopathy", "but", "the", "effect", "was", "short", "-", "lived", ",", "as", "many", "of", "the", "eyes", "showed", "rapid", "recurrence", ".", "Alternative", "dosing", "(", "multiple", "and", "/", "or", "periodic", "intravitreal", "Avastin", "injections", ")", "is", "recommended", "for", "further", "evaluation", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Intervention_Physical" ]
2-hydroxydiarylamide is a CHEMICAL, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y, type II transmembrane serine protease is a GENE-N, 2-hydroxydiarylamide is a CHEMICAL, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y, serine protease is a GENE-N, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y, serine protease is a GENE-N, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y	603_task0	Sentence: Discovery of novel 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives as TMPRSS4 inhibitors. TMPRSS4 is a novel type II transmembrane serine protease that has been implicated in the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer cells. In this study, a novel series of 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for inhibiting TMPRSS4 serine protease activity and suppressing cancer cell invasion. These derivatives demonstrated good inhibitory activity against TMPRSS4 serine protease, which correlated with the promising anti-invasive activity of colon cancer cells overexpressing TMPRSS4. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, GENE-Y, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O" ]	Discovery of novel 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives as TMPRSS4 inhibitors. TMPRSS4 is a novel type II transmembrane serine protease that has been implicated in the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer cells. In this study, a novel series of 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for inhibiting TMPRSS4 serine protease activity and suppressing cancer cell invasion. These derivatives demonstrated good inhibitory activity against TMPRSS4 serine protease, which correlated with the promising anti-invasive activity of colon cancer cells overexpressing TMPRSS4.	[ "Discovery", "of", "novel", "2-hydroxydiarylamide", "derivatives", "as", "TMPRSS4", "inhibitors", ".", "\n", "TMPRSS4", "is", "a", "novel", "type", "II", "transmembrane", "serine", "protease", "that", "has", "been", "implicated", "in", "the", "invasion", "and", "metastasis", "of", "colon", "cancer", "cells", ".", "In", "this", "study", ",", "a", "novel", "series", "of", "2-hydroxydiarylamide", "derivatives", "were", "synthesized", "and", "evaluated", "for", "inhibiting", "TMPRSS4", "serine", "protease", "activity", "and", "suppressing", "cancer", "cell", "invasion", ".", "These", "derivatives", "demonstrated", "good", "inhibitory", "activity", "against", "TMPRSS4", "serine", "protease", ",", "which", "correlated", "with", "the", "promising", "anti", "-", "invasive", "activity", "of", "colon", "cancer", "cells", "overexpressing", "TMPRSS4", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
2-hydroxydiarylamide is a CHEMICAL, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y, type II transmembrane serine protease is a GENE-N, 2-hydroxydiarylamide is a CHEMICAL, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y, serine protease is a GENE-N, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y, serine protease is a GENE-N, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y	603_task1	Sentence: Discovery of novel 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives as TMPRSS4 inhibitors. TMPRSS4 is a novel type II transmembrane serine protease that has been implicated in the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer cells. In this study, a novel series of 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for inhibiting TMPRSS4 serine protease activity and suppressing cancer cell invasion. These derivatives demonstrated good inhibitory activity against TMPRSS4 serine protease, which correlated with the promising anti-invasive activity of colon cancer cells overexpressing TMPRSS4. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: 2-hydroxydiarylamide, TMPRSS4, TMPRSS4, type II transmembrane serine protease, 2-hydroxydiarylamide, TMPRSS4, serine protease, TMPRSS4, serine protease, TMPRSS4 Options: GENE-N, GENE-Y, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O" ]	Discovery of novel 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives as TMPRSS4 inhibitors. TMPRSS4 is a novel type II transmembrane serine protease that has been implicated in the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer cells. In this study, a novel series of 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for inhibiting TMPRSS4 serine protease activity and suppressing cancer cell invasion. These derivatives demonstrated good inhibitory activity against TMPRSS4 serine protease, which correlated with the promising anti-invasive activity of colon cancer cells overexpressing TMPRSS4.	[ "Discovery", "of", "novel", "2-hydroxydiarylamide", "derivatives", "as", "TMPRSS4", "inhibitors", ".", "\n", "TMPRSS4", "is", "a", "novel", "type", "II", "transmembrane", "serine", "protease", "that", "has", "been", "implicated", "in", "the", "invasion", "and", "metastasis", "of", "colon", "cancer", "cells", ".", "In", "this", "study", ",", "a", "novel", "series", "of", "2-hydroxydiarylamide", "derivatives", "were", "synthesized", "and", "evaluated", "for", "inhibiting", "TMPRSS4", "serine", "protease", "activity", "and", "suppressing", "cancer", "cell", "invasion", ".", "These", "derivatives", "demonstrated", "good", "inhibitory", "activity", "against", "TMPRSS4", "serine", "protease", ",", "which", "correlated", "with", "the", "promising", "anti", "-", "invasive", "activity", "of", "colon", "cancer", "cells", "overexpressing", "TMPRSS4", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
2-hydroxydiarylamide, TMPRSS4, TMPRSS4, type II transmembrane serine protease, 2-hydroxydiarylamide, TMPRSS4, serine protease, TMPRSS4, serine protease, TMPRSS4	603_task2	Sentence: Discovery of novel 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives as TMPRSS4 inhibitors. TMPRSS4 is a novel type II transmembrane serine protease that has been implicated in the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer cells. In this study, a novel series of 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for inhibiting TMPRSS4 serine protease activity and suppressing cancer cell invasion. These derivatives demonstrated good inhibitory activity against TMPRSS4 serine protease, which correlated with the promising anti-invasive activity of colon cancer cells overexpressing TMPRSS4. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O" ]	Discovery of novel 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives as TMPRSS4 inhibitors. TMPRSS4 is a novel type II transmembrane serine protease that has been implicated in the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer cells. In this study, a novel series of 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for inhibiting TMPRSS4 serine protease activity and suppressing cancer cell invasion. These derivatives demonstrated good inhibitory activity against TMPRSS4 serine protease, which correlated with the promising anti-invasive activity of colon cancer cells overexpressing TMPRSS4.	[ "Discovery", "of", "novel", "2-hydroxydiarylamide", "derivatives", "as", "TMPRSS4", "inhibitors", ".", "\n", "TMPRSS4", "is", "a", "novel", "type", "II", "transmembrane", "serine", "protease", "that", "has", "been", "implicated", "in", "the", "invasion", "and", "metastasis", "of", "colon", "cancer", "cells", ".", "In", "this", "study", ",", "a", "novel", "series", "of", "2-hydroxydiarylamide", "derivatives", "were", "synthesized", "and", "evaluated", "for", "inhibiting", "TMPRSS4", "serine", "protease", "activity", "and", "suppressing", "cancer", "cell", "invasion", ".", "These", "derivatives", "demonstrated", "good", "inhibitory", "activity", "against", "TMPRSS4", "serine", "protease", ",", "which", "correlated", "with", "the", "promising", "anti", "-", "invasive", "activity", "of", "colon", "cancer", "cells", "overexpressing", "TMPRSS4", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
Mannes is an umlsterm, Syndrom is an umlsterm	DerNervenarzt.70680907.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Anhand einer Falldiskussion eines 82jaehrigen Mannes mit einem fortgeschrittenen dementiellen Syndrom wird das Problem der Sterbehilfe im klinischen Alltag eroertert . Einzelfallbezogene ethische Entscheidungsprozesse auf dem Hintergrund bestehender gesetzlicher Regelungen und standesrechtlicher Gebote werden dargestellt . Die Bedeutung der individuellen Abwaegung und Reflektion allgemeiner ethischer Bestimmungen fortlaufend waehrend des gesamten therapeutischen Prozesses wird betont . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Anhand einer Falldiskussion eines 82jaehrigen Mannes mit einem fortgeschrittenen dementiellen Syndrom wird das Problem der Sterbehilfe im klinischen Alltag eroertert . Einzelfallbezogene ethische Entscheidungsprozesse auf dem Hintergrund bestehender gesetzlicher Regelungen und standesrechtlicher Gebote werden dargestellt . Die Bedeutung der individuellen Abwaegung und Reflektion allgemeiner ethischer Bestimmungen fortlaufend waehrend des gesamten therapeutischen Prozesses wird betont .	[ "Anhand", "einer", "Falldiskussion", "eines", "82jaehrigen", "Mannes", "mit", "einem", "fortgeschrittenen", "dementiellen", "Syndrom", "wird", "das", "Problem", "der", "Sterbehilfe", "im", "klinischen", "Alltag", "eroertert", ".", "Einzelfallbezogene", "ethische", "Entscheidungsprozesse", "auf", "dem", "Hintergrund", "bestehender", "gesetzlicher", "Regelungen", "und", "standesrechtlicher", "Gebote", "werden", "dargestellt", ".", "Die", "Bedeutung", "der", "individuellen", "Abwaegung", "und", "Reflektion", "allgemeiner", "ethischer", "Bestimmungen", "fortlaufend", "waehrend", "des", "gesamten", "therapeutischen", "Prozesses", "wird", "betont", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Mannes is an umlsterm, Syndrom is an umlsterm	DerNervenarzt.70680907.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Anhand einer Falldiskussion eines 82jaehrigen Mannes mit einem fortgeschrittenen dementiellen Syndrom wird das Problem der Sterbehilfe im klinischen Alltag eroertert . Einzelfallbezogene ethische Entscheidungsprozesse auf dem Hintergrund bestehender gesetzlicher Regelungen und standesrechtlicher Gebote werden dargestellt . Die Bedeutung der individuellen Abwaegung und Reflektion allgemeiner ethischer Bestimmungen fortlaufend waehrend des gesamten therapeutischen Prozesses wird betont . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Mannes, Syndrom Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Anhand einer Falldiskussion eines 82jaehrigen Mannes mit einem fortgeschrittenen dementiellen Syndrom wird das Problem der Sterbehilfe im klinischen Alltag eroertert . Einzelfallbezogene ethische Entscheidungsprozesse auf dem Hintergrund bestehender gesetzlicher Regelungen und standesrechtlicher Gebote werden dargestellt . Die Bedeutung der individuellen Abwaegung und Reflektion allgemeiner ethischer Bestimmungen fortlaufend waehrend des gesamten therapeutischen Prozesses wird betont .	[ "Anhand", "einer", "Falldiskussion", "eines", "82jaehrigen", "Mannes", "mit", "einem", "fortgeschrittenen", "dementiellen", "Syndrom", "wird", "das", "Problem", "der", "Sterbehilfe", "im", "klinischen", "Alltag", "eroertert", ".", "Einzelfallbezogene", "ethische", "Entscheidungsprozesse", "auf", "dem", "Hintergrund", "bestehender", "gesetzlicher", "Regelungen", "und", "standesrechtlicher", "Gebote", "werden", "dargestellt", ".", "Die", "Bedeutung", "der", "individuellen", "Abwaegung", "und", "Reflektion", "allgemeiner", "ethischer", "Bestimmungen", "fortlaufend", "waehrend", "des", "gesamten", "therapeutischen", "Prozesses", "wird", "betont", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Mannes, Syndrom	DerNervenarzt.70680907.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Anhand einer Falldiskussion eines 82jaehrigen Mannes mit einem fortgeschrittenen dementiellen Syndrom wird das Problem der Sterbehilfe im klinischen Alltag eroertert . Einzelfallbezogene ethische Entscheidungsprozesse auf dem Hintergrund bestehender gesetzlicher Regelungen und standesrechtlicher Gebote werden dargestellt . Die Bedeutung der individuellen Abwaegung und Reflektion allgemeiner ethischer Bestimmungen fortlaufend waehrend des gesamten therapeutischen Prozesses wird betont . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Anhand einer Falldiskussion eines 82jaehrigen Mannes mit einem fortgeschrittenen dementiellen Syndrom wird das Problem der Sterbehilfe im klinischen Alltag eroertert . Einzelfallbezogene ethische Entscheidungsprozesse auf dem Hintergrund bestehender gesetzlicher Regelungen und standesrechtlicher Gebote werden dargestellt . Die Bedeutung der individuellen Abwaegung und Reflektion allgemeiner ethischer Bestimmungen fortlaufend waehrend des gesamten therapeutischen Prozesses wird betont .	[ "Anhand", "einer", "Falldiskussion", "eines", "82jaehrigen", "Mannes", "mit", "einem", "fortgeschrittenen", "dementiellen", "Syndrom", "wird", "das", "Problem", "der", "Sterbehilfe", "im", "klinischen", "Alltag", "eroertert", ".", "Einzelfallbezogene", "ethische", "Entscheidungsprozesse", "auf", "dem", "Hintergrund", "bestehender", "gesetzlicher", "Regelungen", "und", "standesrechtlicher", "Gebote", "werden", "dargestellt", ".", "Die", "Bedeutung", "der", "individuellen", "Abwaegung", "und", "Reflektion", "allgemeiner", "ethischer", "Bestimmungen", "fortlaufend", "waehrend", "des", "gesamten", "therapeutischen", "Prozesses", "wird", "betont", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Schmerzen is an umlsterm, Forschung is an umlsterm, Klassifikation is an umlsterm, Fibromyalgie is an umlsterm, Syndrom is an umlsterm, Krankheit is an umlsterm, disponierende Faktoren is an umlsterm, Umweltfaktoren is an umlsterm, Aetiologie is an umlsterm, Forschung is an umlsterm	ZfuerRheumatologie.8057s031.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Chronische grossflaechige Schmerzen im muskuloskelettalen System werden seit der Antike berichtet . Die kritische klinische und experimentelle Forschung zu diesem Thema wurde jedoch erst in den letzten ein bis zwei Jahrzehnten intensiviert . Bezueglich vielfaeltiger Aspekte dieses Problems existieren kontroverse Vorstellungen : Klassifikation und Nosologie , kausale Mechanismen , Verlaeufe und Folgen sowie therapeutische Strategien . Das Fibromyalgie Syndrom ( FMS ) ist keine Krankheit im herkoemmlichen Sinne , sondern als eine funktionelle Stoerung anzusehen . Verschiedene typische Auspraegungen als auch disponierende Faktoren wurden bislang identifiziert . Unter diesen Gesichtspunkten ist fuer das Verstaendnis der komplexen multifaktoriellen Wechselwirkungen beim FMS eher ein neues biopsychosoziales Paradigma der personenbezogenen Dynamik erforderlich als die Suche nach einem spezifischen Agens oder Umweltfaktoren . Konzeptionelle Modelle zu Aetiologie und Forschungsmethoden sind bisland nur unzureichend entwickelt , um solche komplexen , multifaktoriellen Mechanismen zu untersuchen . Neue Wege der Forschung lassen verbesserte Behandlungsmethoden fuer FMS-Patienten erwarten . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Chronische grossflaechige Schmerzen im muskuloskelettalen System werden seit der Antike berichtet . Die kritische klinische und experimentelle Forschung zu diesem Thema wurde jedoch erst in den letzten ein bis zwei Jahrzehnten intensiviert . Bezueglich vielfaeltiger Aspekte dieses Problems existieren kontroverse Vorstellungen : Klassifikation und Nosologie , kausale Mechanismen , Verlaeufe und Folgen sowie therapeutische Strategien . Das Fibromyalgie Syndrom ( FMS ) ist keine Krankheit im herkoemmlichen Sinne , sondern als eine funktionelle Stoerung anzusehen . Verschiedene typische Auspraegungen als auch disponierende Faktoren wurden bislang identifiziert . Unter diesen Gesichtspunkten ist fuer das Verstaendnis der komplexen multifaktoriellen Wechselwirkungen beim FMS eher ein neues biopsychosoziales Paradigma der personenbezogenen Dynamik erforderlich als die Suche nach einem spezifischen Agens oder Umweltfaktoren . Konzeptionelle Modelle zu Aetiologie und Forschungsmethoden sind bisland nur unzureichend entwickelt , um solche komplexen , multifaktoriellen Mechanismen zu untersuchen . Neue Wege der Forschung lassen verbesserte Behandlungsmethoden fuer FMS-Patienten erwarten .	[ "Chronische", "grossflaechige", "Schmerzen", "im", "muskuloskelettalen", "System", "werden", "seit", "der", "Antike", "berichtet", ".", "Die", "kritische", "klinische", "und", "experimentelle", "Forschung", "zu", "diesem", "Thema", "wurde", "jedoch", "erst", "in", "den", "letzten", "ein", "bis", "zwei", "Jahrzehnten", "intensiviert", ".", "Bezueglich", "vielfaeltiger", "Aspekte", "dieses", "Problems", "existieren", "kontroverse", "Vorstellungen", ":", "Klassifikation", "und", "Nosologie", ",", "kausale", "Mechanismen", ",", "Verlaeufe", "und", "Folgen", "sowie", "therapeutische", "Strategien", ".", "Das", "Fibromyalgie", "Syndrom", "(", "FMS", ")", "ist", "keine", "Krankheit", "im", "herkoemmlichen", "Sinne", ",", "sondern", "als", "eine", "funktionelle", "Stoerung", "anzusehen", ".", "Verschiedene", "typische", "Auspraegungen", "als", "auch", "disponierende", "Faktoren", "wurden", "bislang", "identifiziert", ".", "Unter", "diesen", "Gesichtspunkten", "ist", "fuer", "das", "Verstaendnis", "der", "komplexen", "multifaktoriellen", "Wechselwirkungen", "beim", "FMS", "eher", "ein", "neues", "biopsychosoziales", "Paradigma", "der", "personenbezogenen", "Dynamik", "erforderlich", "als", "die", "Suche", "nach", "einem", "spezifischen", "Agens", "oder", "Umweltfaktoren", ".", "Konzeptionelle", "Modelle", "zu", "Aetiologie", "und", "Forschungsmethoden", "sind", "bisland", "nur", "unzureichend", "entwickelt", ",", "um", "solche", "komplexen", ",", "multifaktoriellen", "Mechanismen", "zu", "untersuchen", ".", "Neue", "Wege", "der", "Forschung", "lassen", "verbesserte", "Behandlungsmethoden", "fuer", "FMS", "-", "Patienten", "erwarten", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Schmerzen is an umlsterm, Forschung is an umlsterm, Klassifikation is an umlsterm, Fibromyalgie is an umlsterm, Syndrom is an umlsterm, Krankheit is an umlsterm, disponierende Faktoren is an umlsterm, Umweltfaktoren is an umlsterm, Aetiologie is an umlsterm, Forschung is an umlsterm	ZfuerRheumatologie.8057s031.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Chronische grossflaechige Schmerzen im muskuloskelettalen System werden seit der Antike berichtet . Die kritische klinische und experimentelle Forschung zu diesem Thema wurde jedoch erst in den letzten ein bis zwei Jahrzehnten intensiviert . Bezueglich vielfaeltiger Aspekte dieses Problems existieren kontroverse Vorstellungen : Klassifikation und Nosologie , kausale Mechanismen , Verlaeufe und Folgen sowie therapeutische Strategien . Das Fibromyalgie Syndrom ( FMS ) ist keine Krankheit im herkoemmlichen Sinne , sondern als eine funktionelle Stoerung anzusehen . Verschiedene typische Auspraegungen als auch disponierende Faktoren wurden bislang identifiziert . Unter diesen Gesichtspunkten ist fuer das Verstaendnis der komplexen multifaktoriellen Wechselwirkungen beim FMS eher ein neues biopsychosoziales Paradigma der personenbezogenen Dynamik erforderlich als die Suche nach einem spezifischen Agens oder Umweltfaktoren . Konzeptionelle Modelle zu Aetiologie und Forschungsmethoden sind bisland nur unzureichend entwickelt , um solche komplexen , multifaktoriellen Mechanismen zu untersuchen . Neue Wege der Forschung lassen verbesserte Behandlungsmethoden fuer FMS-Patienten erwarten . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Schmerzen, Forschung, Klassifikation, Fibromyalgie, Syndrom, Krankheit, disponierende Faktoren, Umweltfaktoren, Aetiologie, Forschung Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Chronische grossflaechige Schmerzen im muskuloskelettalen System werden seit der Antike berichtet . Die kritische klinische und experimentelle Forschung zu diesem Thema wurde jedoch erst in den letzten ein bis zwei Jahrzehnten intensiviert . Bezueglich vielfaeltiger Aspekte dieses Problems existieren kontroverse Vorstellungen : Klassifikation und Nosologie , kausale Mechanismen , Verlaeufe und Folgen sowie therapeutische Strategien . Das Fibromyalgie Syndrom ( FMS ) ist keine Krankheit im herkoemmlichen Sinne , sondern als eine funktionelle Stoerung anzusehen . Verschiedene typische Auspraegungen als auch disponierende Faktoren wurden bislang identifiziert . Unter diesen Gesichtspunkten ist fuer das Verstaendnis der komplexen multifaktoriellen Wechselwirkungen beim FMS eher ein neues biopsychosoziales Paradigma der personenbezogenen Dynamik erforderlich als die Suche nach einem spezifischen Agens oder Umweltfaktoren . Konzeptionelle Modelle zu Aetiologie und Forschungsmethoden sind bisland nur unzureichend entwickelt , um solche komplexen , multifaktoriellen Mechanismen zu untersuchen . Neue Wege der Forschung lassen verbesserte Behandlungsmethoden fuer FMS-Patienten erwarten .	[ "Chronische", "grossflaechige", "Schmerzen", "im", "muskuloskelettalen", "System", "werden", "seit", "der", "Antike", "berichtet", ".", "Die", "kritische", "klinische", "und", "experimentelle", "Forschung", "zu", "diesem", "Thema", "wurde", "jedoch", "erst", "in", "den", "letzten", "ein", "bis", "zwei", "Jahrzehnten", "intensiviert", ".", "Bezueglich", "vielfaeltiger", "Aspekte", "dieses", "Problems", "existieren", "kontroverse", "Vorstellungen", ":", "Klassifikation", "und", "Nosologie", ",", "kausale", "Mechanismen", ",", "Verlaeufe", "und", "Folgen", "sowie", "therapeutische", "Strategien", ".", "Das", "Fibromyalgie", "Syndrom", "(", "FMS", ")", "ist", "keine", "Krankheit", "im", "herkoemmlichen", "Sinne", ",", "sondern", "als", "eine", "funktionelle", "Stoerung", "anzusehen", ".", "Verschiedene", "typische", "Auspraegungen", "als", "auch", "disponierende", "Faktoren", "wurden", "bislang", "identifiziert", ".", "Unter", "diesen", "Gesichtspunkten", "ist", "fuer", "das", "Verstaendnis", "der", "komplexen", "multifaktoriellen", "Wechselwirkungen", "beim", "FMS", "eher", "ein", "neues", "biopsychosoziales", "Paradigma", "der", "personenbezogenen", "Dynamik", "erforderlich", "als", "die", "Suche", "nach", "einem", "spezifischen", "Agens", "oder", "Umweltfaktoren", ".", "Konzeptionelle", "Modelle", "zu", "Aetiologie", "und", "Forschungsmethoden", "sind", "bisland", "nur", "unzureichend", "entwickelt", ",", "um", "solche", "komplexen", ",", "multifaktoriellen", "Mechanismen", "zu", "untersuchen", ".", "Neue", "Wege", "der", "Forschung", "lassen", "verbesserte", "Behandlungsmethoden", "fuer", "FMS", "-", "Patienten", "erwarten", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Schmerzen, Forschung, Klassifikation, Fibromyalgie, Syndrom, Krankheit, disponierende Faktoren, Umweltfaktoren, Aetiologie, Forschung	ZfuerRheumatologie.8057s031.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Chronische grossflaechige Schmerzen im muskuloskelettalen System werden seit der Antike berichtet . Die kritische klinische und experimentelle Forschung zu diesem Thema wurde jedoch erst in den letzten ein bis zwei Jahrzehnten intensiviert . Bezueglich vielfaeltiger Aspekte dieses Problems existieren kontroverse Vorstellungen : Klassifikation und Nosologie , kausale Mechanismen , Verlaeufe und Folgen sowie therapeutische Strategien . Das Fibromyalgie Syndrom ( FMS ) ist keine Krankheit im herkoemmlichen Sinne , sondern als eine funktionelle Stoerung anzusehen . Verschiedene typische Auspraegungen als auch disponierende Faktoren wurden bislang identifiziert . Unter diesen Gesichtspunkten ist fuer das Verstaendnis der komplexen multifaktoriellen Wechselwirkungen beim FMS eher ein neues biopsychosoziales Paradigma der personenbezogenen Dynamik erforderlich als die Suche nach einem spezifischen Agens oder Umweltfaktoren . Konzeptionelle Modelle zu Aetiologie und Forschungsmethoden sind bisland nur unzureichend entwickelt , um solche komplexen , multifaktoriellen Mechanismen zu untersuchen . Neue Wege der Forschung lassen verbesserte Behandlungsmethoden fuer FMS-Patienten erwarten . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Chronische grossflaechige Schmerzen im muskuloskelettalen System werden seit der Antike berichtet . Die kritische klinische und experimentelle Forschung zu diesem Thema wurde jedoch erst in den letzten ein bis zwei Jahrzehnten intensiviert . Bezueglich vielfaeltiger Aspekte dieses Problems existieren kontroverse Vorstellungen : Klassifikation und Nosologie , kausale Mechanismen , Verlaeufe und Folgen sowie therapeutische Strategien . Das Fibromyalgie Syndrom ( FMS ) ist keine Krankheit im herkoemmlichen Sinne , sondern als eine funktionelle Stoerung anzusehen . Verschiedene typische Auspraegungen als auch disponierende Faktoren wurden bislang identifiziert . Unter diesen Gesichtspunkten ist fuer das Verstaendnis der komplexen multifaktoriellen Wechselwirkungen beim FMS eher ein neues biopsychosoziales Paradigma der personenbezogenen Dynamik erforderlich als die Suche nach einem spezifischen Agens oder Umweltfaktoren . Konzeptionelle Modelle zu Aetiologie und Forschungsmethoden sind bisland nur unzureichend entwickelt , um solche komplexen , multifaktoriellen Mechanismen zu untersuchen . Neue Wege der Forschung lassen verbesserte Behandlungsmethoden fuer FMS-Patienten erwarten .	[ "Chronische", "grossflaechige", "Schmerzen", "im", "muskuloskelettalen", "System", "werden", "seit", "der", "Antike", "berichtet", ".", "Die", "kritische", "klinische", "und", "experimentelle", "Forschung", "zu", "diesem", "Thema", "wurde", "jedoch", "erst", "in", "den", "letzten", "ein", "bis", "zwei", "Jahrzehnten", "intensiviert", ".", "Bezueglich", "vielfaeltiger", "Aspekte", "dieses", "Problems", "existieren", "kontroverse", "Vorstellungen", ":", "Klassifikation", "und", "Nosologie", ",", "kausale", "Mechanismen", ",", "Verlaeufe", "und", "Folgen", "sowie", "therapeutische", "Strategien", ".", "Das", "Fibromyalgie", "Syndrom", "(", "FMS", ")", "ist", "keine", "Krankheit", "im", "herkoemmlichen", "Sinne", ",", "sondern", "als", "eine", "funktionelle", "Stoerung", "anzusehen", ".", "Verschiedene", "typische", "Auspraegungen", "als", "auch", "disponierende", "Faktoren", "wurden", "bislang", "identifiziert", ".", "Unter", "diesen", "Gesichtspunkten", "ist", "fuer", "das", "Verstaendnis", "der", "komplexen", "multifaktoriellen", "Wechselwirkungen", "beim", "FMS", "eher", "ein", "neues", "biopsychosoziales", "Paradigma", "der", "personenbezogenen", "Dynamik", "erforderlich", "als", "die", "Suche", "nach", "einem", "spezifischen", "Agens", "oder", "Umweltfaktoren", ".", "Konzeptionelle", "Modelle", "zu", "Aetiologie", "und", "Forschungsmethoden", "sind", "bisland", "nur", "unzureichend", "entwickelt", ",", "um", "solche", "komplexen", ",", "multifaktoriellen", "Mechanismen", "zu", "untersuchen", ".", "Neue", "Wege", "der", "Forschung", "lassen", "verbesserte", "Behandlungsmethoden", "fuer", "FMS", "-", "Patienten", "erwarten", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Ras is a Individual_protein, CDK is a Individual_protein, Ras is a Individual_protein, Myc is a Individual_protein, cyclin E - dependent kinase is a Individual_protein, p27 is a Individual_protein, cyclin - dependent kinase inhibitor is a Protein_family_or_group, CKI is a Protein_family_or_group	351_task0	Sentence: However, although expression of Ras alone will not induce G1 CDK activity or S phase, coexpression of Ras with Myc allows the generation of cyclin E-dependent kinase activity and the induction of S phase, coincident with the loss of the p27 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Individual_protein, Protein_family_or_group	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "O", "O" ]	However, although expression of Ras alone will not induce G1 CDK activity or S phase, coexpression of Ras with Myc allows the generation of cyclin E-dependent kinase activity and the induction of S phase, coincident with the loss of the p27 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI).	[ "However", ",", "although", "expression", "of", "Ras", "alone", "will", "not", "induce", "G1", "CDK", "activity", "or", "S", "phase", ",", "coexpression", "of", "Ras", "with", "Myc", "allows", "the", "generation", "of", "cyclin", "E", "-", "dependent", "kinase", "activity", "and", "the", "induction", "of", "S", "phase", ",", "coincident", "with", "the", "loss", "of", "the", "p27", "cyclin", "-", "dependent", "kinase", "inhibitor", "(", "CKI", ")", "." ]	[ "Protein_family_or_group", "Individual_protein" ]
Ras is a Individual_protein, CDK is a Individual_protein, Ras is a Individual_protein, Myc is a Individual_protein, cyclin E - dependent kinase is a Individual_protein, p27 is a Individual_protein, cyclin - dependent kinase inhibitor is a Protein_family_or_group, CKI is a Protein_family_or_group	351_task1	Sentence: However, although expression of Ras alone will not induce G1 CDK activity or S phase, coexpression of Ras with Myc allows the generation of cyclin E-dependent kinase activity and the induction of S phase, coincident with the loss of the p27 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Ras, CDK, Ras, Myc, cyclin E - dependent kinase, p27, cyclin - dependent kinase inhibitor, CKI Options: Individual_protein, Protein_family_or_group	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "O", "O" ]	However, although expression of Ras alone will not induce G1 CDK activity or S phase, coexpression of Ras with Myc allows the generation of cyclin E-dependent kinase activity and the induction of S phase, coincident with the loss of the p27 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI).	[ "However", ",", "although", "expression", "of", "Ras", "alone", "will", "not", "induce", "G1", "CDK", "activity", "or", "S", "phase", ",", "coexpression", "of", "Ras", "with", "Myc", "allows", "the", "generation", "of", "cyclin", "E", "-", "dependent", "kinase", "activity", "and", "the", "induction", "of", "S", "phase", ",", "coincident", "with", "the", "loss", "of", "the", "p27", "cyclin", "-", "dependent", "kinase", "inhibitor", "(", "CKI", ")", "." ]	[ "Protein_family_or_group", "Individual_protein" ]
Ras, CDK, Ras, Myc, cyclin E - dependent kinase, p27, cyclin - dependent kinase inhibitor, CKI	351_task2	Sentence: However, although expression of Ras alone will not induce G1 CDK activity or S phase, coexpression of Ras with Myc allows the generation of cyclin E-dependent kinase activity and the induction of S phase, coincident with the loss of the p27 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "O", "O" ]	However, although expression of Ras alone will not induce G1 CDK activity or S phase, coexpression of Ras with Myc allows the generation of cyclin E-dependent kinase activity and the induction of S phase, coincident with the loss of the p27 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI).	[ "However", ",", "although", "expression", "of", "Ras", "alone", "will", "not", "induce", "G1", "CDK", "activity", "or", "S", "phase", ",", "coexpression", "of", "Ras", "with", "Myc", "allows", "the", "generation", "of", "cyclin", "E", "-", "dependent", "kinase", "activity", "and", "the", "induction", "of", "S", "phase", ",", "coincident", "with", "the", "loss", "of", "the", "p27", "cyclin", "-", "dependent", "kinase", "inhibitor", "(", "CKI", ")", "." ]	[ "Protein_family_or_group", "Individual_protein" ]
CD30 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein, CD40L is a Protein, IL-4 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein, CD40L is a Protein, IL-6 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein	847_task0	Sentence: CD30 is a CD40-inducible molecule that negatively regulates CD40-mediated immunoglobulin class switching in non-antigen-selected human B cells. We used our monoclonal model of germinal center maturation, CL-01 B cells, to investigate the role of CD30 in human B cell differentiation. CL-01 cells are IgM+ IgD+ CD30+ and switch to IgG, IgA, and IgE when exposed to CD40L and IL-4. Switching is hampered by CD30 coengagement, possibly through interference with the CD40-mediated NF-kappaB-dependent transcriptional activation of downstream C(H) genes. The physiological relevance of this phenomenon is emphasized by similar CD30-mediated effects in naive B cells. Expression of CD30 by these cells is induced by CD40L but is inhibited by B cell receptor coengagement and/or exposure to IL-6 and IL-12. Our data suggest that CD30 critically regulates the CD40-mediated differentiation of non-antigen-selected human B cells. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Protein	[ "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	CD30 is a CD40-inducible molecule that negatively regulates CD40-mediated immunoglobulin class switching in non-antigen-selected human B cells. We used our monoclonal model of germinal center maturation, CL-01 B cells, to investigate the role of CD30 in human B cell differentiation. CL-01 cells are IgM+ IgD+ CD30+ and switch to IgG, IgA, and IgE when exposed to CD40L and IL-4. Switching is hampered by CD30 coengagement, possibly through interference with the CD40-mediated NF-kappaB-dependent transcriptional activation of downstream C(H) genes. The physiological relevance of this phenomenon is emphasized by similar CD30-mediated effects in naive B cells. Expression of CD30 by these cells is induced by CD40L but is inhibited by B cell receptor coengagement and/or exposure to IL-6 and IL-12. Our data suggest that CD30 critically regulates the CD40-mediated differentiation of non-antigen-selected human B cells.	[ "CD30", "is", "a", "CD40-inducible", "molecule", "that", "negatively", "regulates", "CD40-mediated", "immunoglobulin", "class", "switching", "in", "non", "-", "antigen", "-", "selected", "human", "B", "cells", ".", "\n", "We", "used", "our", "monoclonal", "model", "of", "germinal", "center", "maturation", ",", "CL-01", "B", "cells", ",", "to", "investigate", "the", "role", "of", "CD30", "in", "human", "B", "cell", "differentiation", ".", "CL-01", "cells", "are", "IgM+", "IgD+", "CD30", "+", "and", "switch", "to", "IgG", ",", "IgA", ",", "and", "IgE", "when", "exposed", "to", "CD40L", "and", "IL-4", ".", "Switching", "is", "hampered", "by", "CD30", "coengagement", ",", "possibly", "through", "interference", "with", "the", "CD40-mediated", "NF", "-", "kappaB", "-", "dependent", "transcriptional", "activation", "of", "downstream", "C(H", ")", "genes", ".", "The", "physiological", "relevance", "of", "this", "phenomenon", "is", "emphasized", "by", "similar", "CD30-mediated", "effects", "in", "naive", "B", "cells", ".", "Expression", "of", "CD30", "by", "these", "cells", "is", "induced", "by", "CD40L", "but", "is", "inhibited", "by", "B", "cell", "receptor", "coengagement", "and", "/", "or", "exposure", "to", "IL-6", "and", "IL-12", ".", "Our", "data", "suggest", "that", "CD30", "critically", "regulates", "the", "CD40-mediated", "differentiation", "of", "non", "-", "antigen", "-", "selected", "human", "B", "cells", "." ]	[ "Protein" ]
CD30 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein, CD40L is a Protein, IL-4 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein, CD40L is a Protein, IL-6 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein	847_task1	Sentence: CD30 is a CD40-inducible molecule that negatively regulates CD40-mediated immunoglobulin class switching in non-antigen-selected human B cells. We used our monoclonal model of germinal center maturation, CL-01 B cells, to investigate the role of CD30 in human B cell differentiation. CL-01 cells are IgM+ IgD+ CD30+ and switch to IgG, IgA, and IgE when exposed to CD40L and IL-4. Switching is hampered by CD30 coengagement, possibly through interference with the CD40-mediated NF-kappaB-dependent transcriptional activation of downstream C(H) genes. The physiological relevance of this phenomenon is emphasized by similar CD30-mediated effects in naive B cells. Expression of CD30 by these cells is induced by CD40L but is inhibited by B cell receptor coengagement and/or exposure to IL-6 and IL-12. Our data suggest that CD30 critically regulates the CD40-mediated differentiation of non-antigen-selected human B cells. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: CD30, CD30, CD30, CD40L, IL-4, CD30, CD30, CD40L, IL-6, CD30 Options: Protein	[ "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	CD30 is a CD40-inducible molecule that negatively regulates CD40-mediated immunoglobulin class switching in non-antigen-selected human B cells. We used our monoclonal model of germinal center maturation, CL-01 B cells, to investigate the role of CD30 in human B cell differentiation. CL-01 cells are IgM+ IgD+ CD30+ and switch to IgG, IgA, and IgE when exposed to CD40L and IL-4. Switching is hampered by CD30 coengagement, possibly through interference with the CD40-mediated NF-kappaB-dependent transcriptional activation of downstream C(H) genes. The physiological relevance of this phenomenon is emphasized by similar CD30-mediated effects in naive B cells. Expression of CD30 by these cells is induced by CD40L but is inhibited by B cell receptor coengagement and/or exposure to IL-6 and IL-12. Our data suggest that CD30 critically regulates the CD40-mediated differentiation of non-antigen-selected human B cells.	[ "CD30", "is", "a", "CD40-inducible", "molecule", "that", "negatively", "regulates", "CD40-mediated", "immunoglobulin", "class", "switching", "in", "non", "-", "antigen", "-", "selected", "human", "B", "cells", ".", "\n", "We", "used", "our", "monoclonal", "model", "of", "germinal", "center", "maturation", ",", "CL-01", "B", "cells", ",", "to", "investigate", "the", "role", "of", "CD30", "in", "human", "B", "cell", "differentiation", ".", "CL-01", "cells", "are", "IgM+", "IgD+", "CD30", "+", "and", "switch", "to", "IgG", ",", "IgA", ",", "and", "IgE", "when", "exposed", "to", "CD40L", "and", "IL-4", ".", "Switching", "is", "hampered", "by", "CD30", "coengagement", ",", "possibly", "through", "interference", "with", "the", "CD40-mediated", "NF", "-", "kappaB", "-", "dependent", "transcriptional", "activation", "of", "downstream", "C(H", ")", "genes", ".", "The", "physiological", "relevance", "of", "this", "phenomenon", "is", "emphasized", "by", "similar", "CD30-mediated", "effects", "in", "naive", "B", "cells", ".", "Expression", "of", "CD30", "by", "these", "cells", "is", "induced", "by", "CD40L", "but", "is", "inhibited", "by", "B", "cell", "receptor", "coengagement", "and", "/", "or", "exposure", "to", "IL-6", "and", "IL-12", ".", "Our", "data", "suggest", "that", "CD30", "critically", "regulates", "the", "CD40-mediated", "differentiation", "of", "non", "-", "antigen", "-", "selected", "human", "B", "cells", "." ]	[ "Protein" ]
CD30, CD30, CD30, CD40L, IL-4, CD30, CD30, CD40L, IL-6, CD30	847_task2	Sentence: CD30 is a CD40-inducible molecule that negatively regulates CD40-mediated immunoglobulin class switching in non-antigen-selected human B cells. We used our monoclonal model of germinal center maturation, CL-01 B cells, to investigate the role of CD30 in human B cell differentiation. CL-01 cells are IgM+ IgD+ CD30+ and switch to IgG, IgA, and IgE when exposed to CD40L and IL-4. Switching is hampered by CD30 coengagement, possibly through interference with the CD40-mediated NF-kappaB-dependent transcriptional activation of downstream C(H) genes. The physiological relevance of this phenomenon is emphasized by similar CD30-mediated effects in naive B cells. Expression of CD30 by these cells is induced by CD40L but is inhibited by B cell receptor coengagement and/or exposure to IL-6 and IL-12. Our data suggest that CD30 critically regulates the CD40-mediated differentiation of non-antigen-selected human B cells. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	CD30 is a CD40-inducible molecule that negatively regulates CD40-mediated immunoglobulin class switching in non-antigen-selected human B cells. We used our monoclonal model of germinal center maturation, CL-01 B cells, to investigate the role of CD30 in human B cell differentiation. CL-01 cells are IgM+ IgD+ CD30+ and switch to IgG, IgA, and IgE when exposed to CD40L and IL-4. Switching is hampered by CD30 coengagement, possibly through interference with the CD40-mediated NF-kappaB-dependent transcriptional activation of downstream C(H) genes. The physiological relevance of this phenomenon is emphasized by similar CD30-mediated effects in naive B cells. Expression of CD30 by these cells is induced by CD40L but is inhibited by B cell receptor coengagement and/or exposure to IL-6 and IL-12. Our data suggest that CD30 critically regulates the CD40-mediated differentiation of non-antigen-selected human B cells.	[ "CD30", "is", "a", "CD40-inducible", "molecule", "that", "negatively", "regulates", "CD40-mediated", "immunoglobulin", "class", "switching", "in", "non", "-", "antigen", "-", "selected", "human", "B", "cells", ".", "\n", "We", "used", "our", "monoclonal", "model", "of", "germinal", "center", "maturation", ",", "CL-01", "B", "cells", ",", "to", "investigate", "the", "role", "of", "CD30", "in", "human", "B", "cell", "differentiation", ".", "CL-01", "cells", "are", "IgM+", "IgD+", "CD30", "+", "and", "switch", "to", "IgG", ",", "IgA", ",", "and", "IgE", "when", "exposed", "to", "CD40L", "and", "IL-4", ".", "Switching", "is", "hampered", "by", "CD30", "coengagement", ",", "possibly", "through", "interference", "with", "the", "CD40-mediated", "NF", "-", "kappaB", "-", "dependent", "transcriptional", "activation", "of", "downstream", "C(H", ")", "genes", ".", "The", "physiological", "relevance", "of", "this", "phenomenon", "is", "emphasized", "by", "similar", "CD30-mediated", "effects", "in", "naive", "B", "cells", ".", "Expression", "of", "CD30", "by", "these", "cells", "is", "induced", "by", "CD40L", "but", "is", "inhibited", "by", "B", "cell", "receptor", "coengagement", "and", "/", "or", "exposure", "to", "IL-6", "and", "IL-12", ".", "Our", "data", "suggest", "that", "CD30", "critically", "regulates", "the", "CD40-mediated", "differentiation", "of", "non", "-", "antigen", "-", "selected", "human", "B", "cells", "." ]	[ "Protein" ]
AP-3 is a protein-complex, LIMP - II is a protein, anti - LIMP - II is a reagent	1.0alpha7.train.784_task0	Sentence: Binding of AP-3 to the LIMP-II tail is sensitive to the injection of anti-LIMP-II tail antiserum. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: reagent, protein-complex, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-complex", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-reagent", "I-reagent", "I-reagent", "I-reagent", "I-reagent", "O", "O", "O" ]	Binding of AP-3 to the LIMP-II tail is sensitive to the injection of anti-LIMP-II tail antiserum.	[ "Binding", "of", " ", "AP-3", "to", "the", " ", "LIMP", "-", "II", "tail", "is", "sensitive", "to", "the", "injection", "of", "anti", "-", "LIMP", "-", "II", "tail", "antiserum", "." ]	[ "reagent", "protein", "protein-complex" ]
AP-3 is a protein-complex, LIMP - II is a protein, anti - LIMP - II is a reagent	1.0alpha7.train.784_task1	Sentence: Binding of AP-3 to the LIMP-II tail is sensitive to the injection of anti-LIMP-II tail antiserum. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: AP-3, LIMP - II, anti - LIMP - II Options: reagent, protein-complex, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-complex", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-reagent", "I-reagent", "I-reagent", "I-reagent", "I-reagent", "O", "O", "O" ]	Binding of AP-3 to the LIMP-II tail is sensitive to the injection of anti-LIMP-II tail antiserum.	[ "Binding", "of", " ", "AP-3", "to", "the", " ", "LIMP", "-", "II", "tail", "is", "sensitive", "to", "the", "injection", "of", "anti", "-", "LIMP", "-", "II", "tail", "antiserum", "." ]	[ "reagent", "protein", "protein-complex" ]
AP-3, LIMP - II, anti - LIMP - II	1.0alpha7.train.784_task2	Sentence: Binding of AP-3 to the LIMP-II tail is sensitive to the injection of anti-LIMP-II tail antiserum. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-complex", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-reagent", "I-reagent", "I-reagent", "I-reagent", "I-reagent", "O", "O", "O" ]	Binding of AP-3 to the LIMP-II tail is sensitive to the injection of anti-LIMP-II tail antiserum.	[ "Binding", "of", " ", "AP-3", "to", "the", " ", "LIMP", "-", "II", "tail", "is", "sensitive", "to", "the", "injection", "of", "anti", "-", "LIMP", "-", "II", "tail", "antiserum", "." ]	[ "reagent", "protein", "protein-complex" ]
Dacarbazine is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dacarbazine - vindesine is a Intervention_Pharmacological, disseminated malignant melanoma is a Participant_Condition, 119 patients is a Participant_Sample-size, Dacarbazine was given i.v is a Intervention_Pharmacological, One hundred and ten is a Participant_Sample-size, complete remission is a Outcome_Other, partial remission is a Outcome_Other, Overall response rate is a Outcome_Other, response rates is a Outcome_Physical	73477_task0	Sentence: Dacarbazine versus dacarbazine-vindesine in disseminated malignant melanoma : a randomized phase II study . In a phase II study 119 patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were randomized to receive treatment with dacarbazine alone or in combination with vindesine . The study was designed to reveal an additive response rate when the drugs were combined . Dacarbazine was given i.v . at 250 mg m-2 per day X V every 4 weeks . In the combination regimen vindesine given at 3 mg m-2 per week was included . One hundred and ten patients were available for evaluation of response . With dacarbazine 4/51 patients obtained a complete remission ( 8 % ) and 5/51 patients a partial remission ( 10 % ) . Overall response rate was 18 % . With dacarbazine-vindesine 8/59 patients obtained a complete remission ( 13 % ) and 7/59 patients a partial remission ( 12 % ) . Overall response rate was 25 % . The difference in response rates observed between the treatment arms is not statistically significant . Median response duration was 123 days for dacarbazine patients and 171 days for patients receiving dacarbazine-vindesine ( difference not statistically significant ) . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Dacarbazine versus dacarbazine-vindesine in disseminated malignant melanoma : a randomized phase II study . In a phase II study 119 patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were randomized to receive treatment with dacarbazine alone or in combination with vindesine . The study was designed to reveal an additive response rate when the drugs were combined . Dacarbazine was given i.v . at 250 mg m-2 per day X V every 4 weeks . In the combination regimen vindesine given at 3 mg m-2 per week was included . One hundred and ten patients were available for evaluation of response . With dacarbazine 4/51 patients obtained a complete remission ( 8 % ) and 5/51 patients a partial remission ( 10 % ) . Overall response rate was 18 % . With dacarbazine-vindesine 8/59 patients obtained a complete remission ( 13 % ) and 7/59 patients a partial remission ( 12 % ) . Overall response rate was 25 % . The difference in response rates observed between the treatment arms is not statistically significant . Median response duration was 123 days for dacarbazine patients and 171 days for patients receiving dacarbazine-vindesine ( difference not statistically significant ) .	[ "Dacarbazine", "versus", "dacarbazine", "-", "vindesine", "in", "disseminated", "malignant", "melanoma", ":", "a", "randomized", "phase", "II", "study", ".", "In", "a", "phase", "II", "study", "119", "patients", "with", "disseminated", "malignant", "melanoma", "were", "randomized", "to", "receive", "treatment", "with", "dacarbazine", "alone", "or", "in", "combination", "with", "vindesine", ".", "The", "study", "was", "designed", "to", "reveal", "an", "additive", "response", "rate", "when", "the", "drugs", "were", "combined", ".", "Dacarbazine", "was", "given", "i.v", ".", "at", "250", "mg", "m-2", "per", "day", "X", "V", "every", "4", "weeks", ".", "In", "the", "combination", "regimen", "vindesine", "given", "at", "3", "mg", "m-2", "per", "week", "was", "included", ".", "One", "hundred", "and", "ten", "patients", "were", "available", "for", "evaluation", "of", "response", ".", "With", "dacarbazine", "4/51", "patients", "obtained", "a", "complete", "remission", "(", "8", "%", ")", "and", "5/51", "patients", "a", "partial", "remission", "(", "10", "%", ")", ".", "Overall", "response", "rate", "was", "18", "%", ".", "With", "dacarbazine", "-", "vindesine", "8/59", "patients", "obtained", "a", "complete", "remission", "(", "13", "%", ")", "and", "7/59", "patients", "a", "partial", "remission", "(", "12", "%", ")", ".", "Overall", "response", "rate", "was", "25", "%", ".", "The", "difference", "in", "response", "rates", "observed", "between", "the", "treatment", "arms", "is", "not", "statistically", "significant", ".", "Median", "response", "duration", "was", "123", "days", "for", "dacarbazine", "patients", "and", "171", "days", "for", "patients", "receiving", "dacarbazine", "-", "vindesine", "(", "difference", "not", "statistically", "significant", ")", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sample-size", "Outcome_Physical" ]
Dacarbazine is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dacarbazine - vindesine is a Intervention_Pharmacological, disseminated malignant melanoma is a Participant_Condition, 119 patients is a Participant_Sample-size, Dacarbazine was given i.v is a Intervention_Pharmacological, One hundred and ten is a Participant_Sample-size, complete remission is a Outcome_Other, partial remission is a Outcome_Other, Overall response rate is a Outcome_Other, response rates is a Outcome_Physical	73477_task1	Sentence: Dacarbazine versus dacarbazine-vindesine in disseminated malignant melanoma : a randomized phase II study . In a phase II study 119 patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were randomized to receive treatment with dacarbazine alone or in combination with vindesine . The study was designed to reveal an additive response rate when the drugs were combined . Dacarbazine was given i.v . at 250 mg m-2 per day X V every 4 weeks . In the combination regimen vindesine given at 3 mg m-2 per week was included . One hundred and ten patients were available for evaluation of response . With dacarbazine 4/51 patients obtained a complete remission ( 8 % ) and 5/51 patients a partial remission ( 10 % ) . Overall response rate was 18 % . With dacarbazine-vindesine 8/59 patients obtained a complete remission ( 13 % ) and 7/59 patients a partial remission ( 12 % ) . Overall response rate was 25 % . The difference in response rates observed between the treatment arms is not statistically significant . Median response duration was 123 days for dacarbazine patients and 171 days for patients receiving dacarbazine-vindesine ( difference not statistically significant ) . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Dacarbazine, dacarbazine - vindesine, disseminated malignant melanoma, 119 patients, Dacarbazine was given i.v, One hundred and ten, complete remission, partial remission, Overall response rate, response rates Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Dacarbazine versus dacarbazine-vindesine in disseminated malignant melanoma : a randomized phase II study . In a phase II study 119 patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were randomized to receive treatment with dacarbazine alone or in combination with vindesine . The study was designed to reveal an additive response rate when the drugs were combined . Dacarbazine was given i.v . at 250 mg m-2 per day X V every 4 weeks . In the combination regimen vindesine given at 3 mg m-2 per week was included . One hundred and ten patients were available for evaluation of response . With dacarbazine 4/51 patients obtained a complete remission ( 8 % ) and 5/51 patients a partial remission ( 10 % ) . Overall response rate was 18 % . With dacarbazine-vindesine 8/59 patients obtained a complete remission ( 13 % ) and 7/59 patients a partial remission ( 12 % ) . Overall response rate was 25 % . The difference in response rates observed between the treatment arms is not statistically significant . Median response duration was 123 days for dacarbazine patients and 171 days for patients receiving dacarbazine-vindesine ( difference not statistically significant ) .	[ "Dacarbazine", "versus", "dacarbazine", "-", "vindesine", "in", "disseminated", "malignant", "melanoma", ":", "a", "randomized", "phase", "II", "study", ".", "In", "a", "phase", "II", "study", "119", "patients", "with", "disseminated", "malignant", "melanoma", "were", "randomized", "to", "receive", "treatment", "with", "dacarbazine", "alone", "or", "in", "combination", "with", "vindesine", ".", "The", "study", "was", "designed", "to", "reveal", "an", "additive", "response", "rate", "when", "the", "drugs", "were", "combined", ".", "Dacarbazine", "was", "given", "i.v", ".", "at", "250", "mg", "m-2", "per", "day", "X", "V", "every", "4", "weeks", ".", "In", "the", "combination", "regimen", "vindesine", "given", "at", "3", "mg", "m-2", "per", "week", "was", "included", ".", "One", "hundred", "and", "ten", "patients", "were", "available", "for", "evaluation", "of", "response", ".", "With", "dacarbazine", "4/51", "patients", "obtained", "a", "complete", "remission", "(", "8", "%", ")", "and", "5/51", "patients", "a", "partial", "remission", "(", "10", "%", ")", ".", "Overall", "response", "rate", "was", "18", "%", ".", "With", "dacarbazine", "-", "vindesine", "8/59", "patients", "obtained", "a", "complete", "remission", "(", "13", "%", ")", "and", "7/59", "patients", "a", "partial", "remission", "(", "12", "%", ")", ".", "Overall", "response", "rate", "was", "25", "%", ".", "The", "difference", "in", "response", "rates", "observed", "between", "the", "treatment", "arms", "is", "not", "statistically", "significant", ".", "Median", "response", "duration", "was", "123", "days", "for", "dacarbazine", "patients", "and", "171", "days", "for", "patients", "receiving", "dacarbazine", "-", "vindesine", "(", "difference", "not", "statistically", "significant", ")", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sample-size", "Outcome_Physical" ]
Dacarbazine, dacarbazine - vindesine, disseminated malignant melanoma, 119 patients, Dacarbazine was given i.v, One hundred and ten, complete remission, partial remission, Overall response rate, response rates	73477_task2	Sentence: Dacarbazine versus dacarbazine-vindesine in disseminated malignant melanoma : a randomized phase II study . In a phase II study 119 patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were randomized to receive treatment with dacarbazine alone or in combination with vindesine . The study was designed to reveal an additive response rate when the drugs were combined . Dacarbazine was given i.v . at 250 mg m-2 per day X V every 4 weeks . In the combination regimen vindesine given at 3 mg m-2 per week was included . One hundred and ten patients were available for evaluation of response . With dacarbazine 4/51 patients obtained a complete remission ( 8 % ) and 5/51 patients a partial remission ( 10 % ) . Overall response rate was 18 % . With dacarbazine-vindesine 8/59 patients obtained a complete remission ( 13 % ) and 7/59 patients a partial remission ( 12 % ) . Overall response rate was 25 % . The difference in response rates observed between the treatment arms is not statistically significant . Median response duration was 123 days for dacarbazine patients and 171 days for patients receiving dacarbazine-vindesine ( difference not statistically significant ) . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Dacarbazine versus dacarbazine-vindesine in disseminated malignant melanoma : a randomized phase II study . In a phase II study 119 patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were randomized to receive treatment with dacarbazine alone or in combination with vindesine . The study was designed to reveal an additive response rate when the drugs were combined . Dacarbazine was given i.v . at 250 mg m-2 per day X V every 4 weeks . In the combination regimen vindesine given at 3 mg m-2 per week was included . One hundred and ten patients were available for evaluation of response . With dacarbazine 4/51 patients obtained a complete remission ( 8 % ) and 5/51 patients a partial remission ( 10 % ) . Overall response rate was 18 % . With dacarbazine-vindesine 8/59 patients obtained a complete remission ( 13 % ) and 7/59 patients a partial remission ( 12 % ) . Overall response rate was 25 % . The difference in response rates observed between the treatment arms is not statistically significant . Median response duration was 123 days for dacarbazine patients and 171 days for patients receiving dacarbazine-vindesine ( difference not statistically significant ) .	[ "Dacarbazine", "versus", "dacarbazine", "-", "vindesine", "in", "disseminated", "malignant", "melanoma", ":", "a", "randomized", "phase", "II", "study", ".", "In", "a", "phase", "II", "study", "119", "patients", "with", "disseminated", "malignant", "melanoma", "were", "randomized", "to", "receive", "treatment", "with", "dacarbazine", "alone", "or", "in", "combination", "with", "vindesine", ".", "The", "study", "was", "designed", "to", "reveal", "an", "additive", "response", "rate", "when", "the", "drugs", "were", "combined", ".", "Dacarbazine", "was", "given", "i.v", ".", "at", "250", "mg", "m-2", "per", "day", "X", "V", "every", "4", "weeks", ".", "In", "the", "combination", "regimen", "vindesine", "given", "at", "3", "mg", "m-2", "per", "week", "was", "included", ".", "One", "hundred", "and", "ten", "patients", "were", "available", "for", "evaluation", "of", "response", ".", "With", "dacarbazine", "4/51", "patients", "obtained", "a", "complete", "remission", "(", "8", "%", ")", "and", "5/51", "patients", "a", "partial", "remission", "(", "10", "%", ")", ".", "Overall", "response", "rate", "was", "18", "%", ".", "With", "dacarbazine", "-", "vindesine", "8/59", "patients", "obtained", "a", "complete", "remission", "(", "13", "%", ")", "and", "7/59", "patients", "a", "partial", "remission", "(", "12", "%", ")", ".", "Overall", "response", "rate", "was", "25", "%", ".", "The", "difference", "in", "response", "rates", "observed", "between", "the", "treatment", "arms", "is", "not", "statistically", "significant", ".", "Median", "response", "duration", "was", "123", "days", "for", "dacarbazine", "patients", "and", "171", "days", "for", "patients", "receiving", "dacarbazine", "-", "vindesine", "(", "difference", "not", "statistically", "significant", ")", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sample-size", "Outcome_Physical" ]
beta(2)-adrenoceptors is a GENE-Y	19259968_task0	Sentence: beta(2)-adrenoceptors are critical for antidepressant treatment of neuropathic pain. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y	[ "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	beta(2)-adrenoceptors are critical for antidepressant treatment of neuropathic pain.	[ "beta(2)-adrenoceptors", "are", "critical", "for", "antidepressant", "treatment", "of", "neuropathic", "pain", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]
beta(2)-adrenoceptors is a GENE-Y	19259968_task1	Sentence: beta(2)-adrenoceptors are critical for antidepressant treatment of neuropathic pain. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: beta(2)-adrenoceptors Options: GENE-Y	[ "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	beta(2)-adrenoceptors are critical for antidepressant treatment of neuropathic pain.	[ "beta(2)-adrenoceptors", "are", "critical", "for", "antidepressant", "treatment", "of", "neuropathic", "pain", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]
beta(2)-adrenoceptors	19259968_task2	Sentence: beta(2)-adrenoceptors are critical for antidepressant treatment of neuropathic pain. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	beta(2)-adrenoceptors are critical for antidepressant treatment of neuropathic pain.	[ "beta(2)-adrenoceptors", "are", "critical", "for", "antidepressant", "treatment", "of", "neuropathic", "pain", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]
Functional recovery is an umlsterm, comminuted fractures is an umlsterm, head is an umlsterm, posterior is an umlsterm, dislocation is an umlsterm, arthroplasty is an umlsterm, arthrodesis is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, shoulder is an umlsterm, arthrodesis is an umlsterm, prosthesis is an umlsterm, techniques is an umlsterm, functional recovery is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm	DerUnfallchirurg.81010405.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Functional recovery after bilateral comminuted fractures of the humeral head with posterior dislocation is poor . When reposition and internal fixation fail , the remaining alternatives are ( hemi ) arthroplasty and/or arthrodesis . In a 50-year-old patient , we treated the dominant shoulder by arthrodesis ; a Neer prosthesis was inserted at the other side . Using this strategy , the advantages of both techniques were combined with an acceptable functional recovery , which ist especially important for young and active patients . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Functional recovery after bilateral comminuted fractures of the humeral head with posterior dislocation is poor . When reposition and internal fixation fail , the remaining alternatives are ( hemi ) arthroplasty and/or arthrodesis . In a 50-year-old patient , we treated the dominant shoulder by arthrodesis ; a Neer prosthesis was inserted at the other side . Using this strategy , the advantages of both techniques were combined with an acceptable functional recovery , which ist especially important for young and active patients .	[ "Functional", "recovery", "after", "bilateral", "comminuted", "fractures", "of", "the", "humeral", "head", "with", "posterior", "dislocation", "is", "poor", ".", "When", "reposition", "and", "internal", "fixation", "fail", ",", "the", "remaining", "alternatives", "are", "(", "hemi", ")", "arthroplasty", "and", "/", "or", "arthrodesis", ".", "In", "a", "50-year", "-", "old", "patient", ",", "we", "treated", "the", "dominant", "shoulder", "by", "arthrodesis", ";", "a", "Neer", "prosthesis", "was", "inserted", "at", "the", "other", "side", ".", "Using", "this", "strategy", ",", "the", "advantages", "of", "both", "techniques", "were", "combined", "with", "an", "acceptable", "functional", "recovery", ",", "which", "ist", "especially", "important", "for", "young", "and", "active", "patients", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Functional recovery is an umlsterm, comminuted fractures is an umlsterm, head is an umlsterm, posterior is an umlsterm, dislocation is an umlsterm, arthroplasty is an umlsterm, arthrodesis is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, shoulder is an umlsterm, arthrodesis is an umlsterm, prosthesis is an umlsterm, techniques is an umlsterm, functional recovery is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm	DerUnfallchirurg.81010405.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Functional recovery after bilateral comminuted fractures of the humeral head with posterior dislocation is poor . When reposition and internal fixation fail , the remaining alternatives are ( hemi ) arthroplasty and/or arthrodesis . In a 50-year-old patient , we treated the dominant shoulder by arthrodesis ; a Neer prosthesis was inserted at the other side . Using this strategy , the advantages of both techniques were combined with an acceptable functional recovery , which ist especially important for young and active patients . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Functional recovery, comminuted fractures, head, posterior, dislocation, arthroplasty, arthrodesis, patient, shoulder, arthrodesis, prosthesis, techniques, functional recovery, patients Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Functional recovery after bilateral comminuted fractures of the humeral head with posterior dislocation is poor . When reposition and internal fixation fail , the remaining alternatives are ( hemi ) arthroplasty and/or arthrodesis . In a 50-year-old patient , we treated the dominant shoulder by arthrodesis ; a Neer prosthesis was inserted at the other side . Using this strategy , the advantages of both techniques were combined with an acceptable functional recovery , which ist especially important for young and active patients .	[ "Functional", "recovery", "after", "bilateral", "comminuted", "fractures", "of", "the", "humeral", "head", "with", "posterior", "dislocation", "is", "poor", ".", "When", "reposition", "and", "internal", "fixation", "fail", ",", "the", "remaining", "alternatives", "are", "(", "hemi", ")", "arthroplasty", "and", "/", "or", "arthrodesis", ".", "In", "a", "50-year", "-", "old", "patient", ",", "we", "treated", "the", "dominant", "shoulder", "by", "arthrodesis", ";", "a", "Neer", "prosthesis", "was", "inserted", "at", "the", "other", "side", ".", "Using", "this", "strategy", ",", "the", "advantages", "of", "both", "techniques", "were", "combined", "with", "an", "acceptable", "functional", "recovery", ",", "which", "ist", "especially", "important", "for", "young", "and", "active", "patients", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Functional recovery, comminuted fractures, head, posterior, dislocation, arthroplasty, arthrodesis, patient, shoulder, arthrodesis, prosthesis, techniques, functional recovery, patients	DerUnfallchirurg.81010405.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Functional recovery after bilateral comminuted fractures of the humeral head with posterior dislocation is poor . When reposition and internal fixation fail , the remaining alternatives are ( hemi ) arthroplasty and/or arthrodesis . In a 50-year-old patient , we treated the dominant shoulder by arthrodesis ; a Neer prosthesis was inserted at the other side . Using this strategy , the advantages of both techniques were combined with an acceptable functional recovery , which ist especially important for young and active patients . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Functional recovery after bilateral comminuted fractures of the humeral head with posterior dislocation is poor . When reposition and internal fixation fail , the remaining alternatives are ( hemi ) arthroplasty and/or arthrodesis . In a 50-year-old patient , we treated the dominant shoulder by arthrodesis ; a Neer prosthesis was inserted at the other side . Using this strategy , the advantages of both techniques were combined with an acceptable functional recovery , which ist especially important for young and active patients .	[ "Functional", "recovery", "after", "bilateral", "comminuted", "fractures", "of", "the", "humeral", "head", "with", "posterior", "dislocation", "is", "poor", ".", "When", "reposition", "and", "internal", "fixation", "fail", ",", "the", "remaining", "alternatives", "are", "(", "hemi", ")", "arthroplasty", "and", "/", "or", "arthrodesis", ".", "In", "a", "50-year", "-", "old", "patient", ",", "we", "treated", "the", "dominant", "shoulder", "by", "arthrodesis", ";", "a", "Neer", "prosthesis", "was", "inserted", "at", "the", "other", "side", ".", "Using", "this", "strategy", ",", "the", "advantages", "of", "both", "techniques", "were", "combined", "with", "an", "acceptable", "functional", "recovery", ",", "which", "ist", "especially", "important", "for", "young", "and", "active", "patients", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Patients is an umlsterm, chest is an umlsterm, abdominal wall is an umlsterm, plastic surgery is an umlsterm, defects is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, flaps is an umlsterm, defects is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, flaps is an umlsterm, secondary is an umlsterm, skin graft is an umlsterm, omentum is an umlsterm, flap is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, bed is an umlsterm, conditioning is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, omentum is an umlsterm, flap is an umlsterm, defect is an umlsterm, basal cell carcinoma is an umlsterm, thorax is an umlsterm, abdominal wall is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, conditioning is an umlsterm, activated charcoal is an umlsterm, polymer is an umlsterm, secondary is an umlsterm, skin grafting is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, fibrosis is an umlsterm, calcification is an umlsterm, omentum is an umlsterm, abdominal wall is an umlsterm	DerChirurg.90700566.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Patients suffering from long-untreated malignomas of the chest or abdominal wall may require plastic surgery due to extensive defects after tumor resection . Despite a variety of pedicled or free myocutaneous flaps , there are defects in which these reconstructional options may not be indicated . In these patients , the omental flaps are a valid alternative . Since a secondary split skin graft is mandatory with the omentum flap , antibacterial and granulation-enhancing xerodressings are required for wound bed conditioning . We report one patient in whom the omentum flap was used for coverage of an extensive defect after resection of a widespread basal cell carcinoma at the lateral thorax and abdominal wall . After wound conditioning with silver-impregnated activated charcoal xerodressing ( Actisorb ) in combination with a hydroactive polymer dressing ( Allevyn ) , secondary skin grafting was performed . In this patient fibrosis and calcification of the omentum led to stable abdominal wall coverage even without the application of a synthetic mesh . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Patients suffering from long-untreated malignomas of the chest or abdominal wall may require plastic surgery due to extensive defects after tumor resection . Despite a variety of pedicled or free myocutaneous flaps , there are defects in which these reconstructional options may not be indicated . In these patients , the omental flaps are a valid alternative . Since a secondary split skin graft is mandatory with the omentum flap , antibacterial and granulation-enhancing xerodressings are required for wound bed conditioning . We report one patient in whom the omentum flap was used for coverage of an extensive defect after resection of a widespread basal cell carcinoma at the lateral thorax and abdominal wall . After wound conditioning with silver-impregnated activated charcoal xerodressing ( Actisorb ) in combination with a hydroactive polymer dressing ( Allevyn ) , secondary skin grafting was performed . In this patient fibrosis and calcification of the omentum led to stable abdominal wall coverage even without the application of a synthetic mesh .	[ "Patients", "suffering", "from", "long", "-", "untreated", "malignomas", "of", "the", "chest", "or", "abdominal", "wall", "may", "require", "plastic", "surgery", "due", "to", "extensive", "defects", "after", "tumor", "resection", ".", "Despite", "a", "variety", "of", "pedicled", "or", "free", "myocutaneous", "flaps", ",", "there", "are", "defects", "in", "which", "these", "reconstructional", "options", "may", "not", "be", "indicated", ".", "In", "these", "patients", ",", "the", "omental", "flaps", "are", "a", "valid", "alternative", ".", "Since", "a", "secondary", "split", "skin", "graft", "is", "mandatory", "with", "the", "omentum", "flap", ",", "antibacterial", "and", "granulation", "-", "enhancing", "xerodressings", "are", "required", "for", "wound", "bed", "conditioning", ".", "We", "report", "one", "patient", "in", "whom", "the", "omentum", "flap", "was", "used", "for", "coverage", "of", "an", "extensive", "defect", "after", "resection", "of", "a", "widespread", "basal", "cell", "carcinoma", "at", "the", "lateral", "thorax", "and", "abdominal", "wall", ".", "After", "wound", "conditioning", "with", "silver", "-", "impregnated", "activated", "charcoal", "xerodressing", "(", "Actisorb", ")", "in", "combination", "with", "a", "hydroactive", "polymer", "dressing", "(", "Allevyn", ")", ",", "secondary", "skin", "grafting", "was", "performed", ".", "In", "this", "patient", "fibrosis", "and", "calcification", "of", "the", "omentum", "led", "to", "stable", "abdominal", "wall", "coverage", "even", "without", "the", "application", "of", "a", "synthetic", "mesh", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Patients is an umlsterm, chest is an umlsterm, abdominal wall is an umlsterm, plastic surgery is an umlsterm, defects is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, flaps is an umlsterm, defects is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, flaps is an umlsterm, secondary is an umlsterm, skin graft is an umlsterm, omentum is an umlsterm, flap is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, bed is an umlsterm, conditioning is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, omentum is an umlsterm, flap is an umlsterm, defect is an umlsterm, basal cell carcinoma is an umlsterm, thorax is an umlsterm, abdominal wall is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, conditioning is an umlsterm, activated charcoal is an umlsterm, polymer is an umlsterm, secondary is an umlsterm, skin grafting is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, fibrosis is an umlsterm, calcification is an umlsterm, omentum is an umlsterm, abdominal wall is an umlsterm	DerChirurg.90700566.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Patients suffering from long-untreated malignomas of the chest or abdominal wall may require plastic surgery due to extensive defects after tumor resection . Despite a variety of pedicled or free myocutaneous flaps , there are defects in which these reconstructional options may not be indicated . In these patients , the omental flaps are a valid alternative . Since a secondary split skin graft is mandatory with the omentum flap , antibacterial and granulation-enhancing xerodressings are required for wound bed conditioning . We report one patient in whom the omentum flap was used for coverage of an extensive defect after resection of a widespread basal cell carcinoma at the lateral thorax and abdominal wall . After wound conditioning with silver-impregnated activated charcoal xerodressing ( Actisorb ) in combination with a hydroactive polymer dressing ( Allevyn ) , secondary skin grafting was performed . In this patient fibrosis and calcification of the omentum led to stable abdominal wall coverage even without the application of a synthetic mesh . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Patients, chest, abdominal wall, plastic surgery, defects, tumor, flaps, defects, patients, flaps, secondary, skin graft, omentum, flap, wound, bed, conditioning, patient, omentum, flap, defect, basal cell carcinoma, thorax, abdominal wall, wound, conditioning, activated charcoal, polymer, secondary, skin grafting, patient, fibrosis, calcification, omentum, abdominal wall Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Patients suffering from long-untreated malignomas of the chest or abdominal wall may require plastic surgery due to extensive defects after tumor resection . Despite a variety of pedicled or free myocutaneous flaps , there are defects in which these reconstructional options may not be indicated . In these patients , the omental flaps are a valid alternative . Since a secondary split skin graft is mandatory with the omentum flap , antibacterial and granulation-enhancing xerodressings are required for wound bed conditioning . We report one patient in whom the omentum flap was used for coverage of an extensive defect after resection of a widespread basal cell carcinoma at the lateral thorax and abdominal wall . After wound conditioning with silver-impregnated activated charcoal xerodressing ( Actisorb ) in combination with a hydroactive polymer dressing ( Allevyn ) , secondary skin grafting was performed . In this patient fibrosis and calcification of the omentum led to stable abdominal wall coverage even without the application of a synthetic mesh .	[ "Patients", "suffering", "from", "long", "-", "untreated", "malignomas", "of", "the", "chest", "or", "abdominal", "wall", "may", "require", "plastic", "surgery", "due", "to", "extensive", "defects", "after", "tumor", "resection", ".", "Despite", "a", "variety", "of", "pedicled", "or", "free", "myocutaneous", "flaps", ",", "there", "are", "defects", "in", "which", "these", "reconstructional", "options", "may", "not", "be", "indicated", ".", "In", "these", "patients", ",", "the", "omental", "flaps", "are", "a", "valid", "alternative", ".", "Since", "a", "secondary", "split", "skin", "graft", "is", "mandatory", "with", "the", "omentum", "flap", ",", "antibacterial", "and", "granulation", "-", "enhancing", "xerodressings", "are", "required", "for", "wound", "bed", "conditioning", ".", "We", "report", "one", "patient", "in", "whom", "the", "omentum", "flap", "was", "used", "for", "coverage", "of", "an", "extensive", "defect", "after", "resection", "of", "a", "widespread", "basal", "cell", "carcinoma", "at", "the", "lateral", "thorax", "and", "abdominal", "wall", ".", "After", "wound", "conditioning", "with", "silver", "-", "impregnated", "activated", "charcoal", "xerodressing", "(", "Actisorb", ")", "in", "combination", "with", "a", "hydroactive", "polymer", "dressing", "(", "Allevyn", ")", ",", "secondary", "skin", "grafting", "was", "performed", ".", "In", "this", "patient", "fibrosis", "and", "calcification", "of", "the", "omentum", "led", "to", "stable", "abdominal", "wall", "coverage", "even", "without", "the", "application", "of", "a", "synthetic", "mesh", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Patients, chest, abdominal wall, plastic surgery, defects, tumor, flaps, defects, patients, flaps, secondary, skin graft, omentum, flap, wound, bed, conditioning, patient, omentum, flap, defect, basal cell carcinoma, thorax, abdominal wall, wound, conditioning, activated charcoal, polymer, secondary, skin grafting, patient, fibrosis, calcification, omentum, abdominal wall	DerChirurg.90700566.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Patients suffering from long-untreated malignomas of the chest or abdominal wall may require plastic surgery due to extensive defects after tumor resection . Despite a variety of pedicled or free myocutaneous flaps , there are defects in which these reconstructional options may not be indicated . In these patients , the omental flaps are a valid alternative . Since a secondary split skin graft is mandatory with the omentum flap , antibacterial and granulation-enhancing xerodressings are required for wound bed conditioning . We report one patient in whom the omentum flap was used for coverage of an extensive defect after resection of a widespread basal cell carcinoma at the lateral thorax and abdominal wall . After wound conditioning with silver-impregnated activated charcoal xerodressing ( Actisorb ) in combination with a hydroactive polymer dressing ( Allevyn ) , secondary skin grafting was performed . In this patient fibrosis and calcification of the omentum led to stable abdominal wall coverage even without the application of a synthetic mesh . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Patients suffering from long-untreated malignomas of the chest or abdominal wall may require plastic surgery due to extensive defects after tumor resection . Despite a variety of pedicled or free myocutaneous flaps , there are defects in which these reconstructional options may not be indicated . In these patients , the omental flaps are a valid alternative . Since a secondary split skin graft is mandatory with the omentum flap , antibacterial and granulation-enhancing xerodressings are required for wound bed conditioning . We report one patient in whom the omentum flap was used for coverage of an extensive defect after resection of a widespread basal cell carcinoma at the lateral thorax and abdominal wall . After wound conditioning with silver-impregnated activated charcoal xerodressing ( Actisorb ) in combination with a hydroactive polymer dressing ( Allevyn ) , secondary skin grafting was performed . In this patient fibrosis and calcification of the omentum led to stable abdominal wall coverage even without the application of a synthetic mesh .	[ "Patients", "suffering", "from", "long", "-", "untreated", "malignomas", "of", "the", "chest", "or", "abdominal", "wall", "may", "require", "plastic", "surgery", "due", "to", "extensive", "defects", "after", "tumor", "resection", ".", "Despite", "a", "variety", "of", "pedicled", "or", "free", "myocutaneous", "flaps", ",", "there", "are", "defects", "in", "which", "these", "reconstructional", "options", "may", "not", "be", "indicated", ".", "In", "these", "patients", ",", "the", "omental", "flaps", "are", "a", "valid", "alternative", ".", "Since", "a", "secondary", "split", "skin", "graft", "is", "mandatory", "with", "the", "omentum", "flap", ",", "antibacterial", "and", "granulation", "-", "enhancing", "xerodressings", "are", "required", "for", "wound", "bed", "conditioning", ".", "We", "report", "one", "patient", "in", "whom", "the", "omentum", "flap", "was", "used", "for", "coverage", "of", "an", "extensive", "defect", "after", "resection", "of", "a", "widespread", "basal", "cell", "carcinoma", "at", "the", "lateral", "thorax", "and", "abdominal", "wall", ".", "After", "wound", "conditioning", "with", "silver", "-", "impregnated", "activated", "charcoal", "xerodressing", "(", "Actisorb", ")", "in", "combination", "with", "a", "hydroactive", "polymer", "dressing", "(", "Allevyn", ")", ",", "secondary", "skin", "grafting", "was", "performed", ".", "In", "this", "patient", "fibrosis", "and", "calcification", "of", "the", "omentum", "led", "to", "stable", "abdominal", "wall", "coverage", "even", "without", "the", "application", "of", "a", "synthetic", "mesh", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
organophosphorothioates is a CHEMICAL, chlorpyrifos is a CHEMICAL, diazinon is a CHEMICAL	23123253_task0	Sentence: New tools in diagnosis and biomonitoring of intoxications with organophosphorothioates: Case studies with chlorpyrifos and diazinon. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O" ]	New tools in diagnosis and biomonitoring of intoxications with organophosphorothioates: Case studies with chlorpyrifos and diazinon.	[ "New", "tools", "in", "diagnosis", "and", "biomonitoring", "of", "intoxications", "with", "organophosphorothioates", ":", "Case", "studies", "with", "chlorpyrifos", "and", "diazinon", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
organophosphorothioates is a CHEMICAL, chlorpyrifos is a CHEMICAL, diazinon is a CHEMICAL	23123253_task1	Sentence: New tools in diagnosis and biomonitoring of intoxications with organophosphorothioates: Case studies with chlorpyrifos and diazinon. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: organophosphorothioates, chlorpyrifos, diazinon Options: CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O" ]	New tools in diagnosis and biomonitoring of intoxications with organophosphorothioates: Case studies with chlorpyrifos and diazinon.	[ "New", "tools", "in", "diagnosis", "and", "biomonitoring", "of", "intoxications", "with", "organophosphorothioates", ":", "Case", "studies", "with", "chlorpyrifos", "and", "diazinon", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
organophosphorothioates, chlorpyrifos, diazinon	23123253_task2	Sentence: New tools in diagnosis and biomonitoring of intoxications with organophosphorothioates: Case studies with chlorpyrifos and diazinon. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O" ]	New tools in diagnosis and biomonitoring of intoxications with organophosphorothioates: Case studies with chlorpyrifos and diazinon.	[ "New", "tools", "in", "diagnosis", "and", "biomonitoring", "of", "intoxications", "with", "organophosphorothioates", ":", "Case", "studies", "with", "chlorpyrifos", "and", "diazinon", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
Zeit is an umlsterm, Unfall- is an umlsterm, Notfallchirurgie is an umlsterm, Universitaetskliniken is an umlsterm, Universitaet is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Frakturfragmenten is an umlsterm, AO - Klassifikation is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Mortalitaet is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Arthrosezeichen is an umlsterm, Schmerzintensitaet is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Hinterwandfrakturen is an umlsterm, Roentgendiagnostik is an umlsterm, Thromboseprophylaxe is an umlsterm, Diagnostik is an umlsterm, Operationstechnik is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Diagnostik is an umlsterm, Technik is an umlsterm	DerUnfallchirurg.71000338.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: In der Zeit zwischen Dezember 1986 und November 1995 wurden in der Klinik fuer Unfall- und Notfallchirurgie der Universitaetskliniken der Katholischen Universitaet Leuven 222 Patienten mit 225 Acetabulumfrakturen von drei Chirurgen operativ versorgt . Operationsindikationen bestanden bei instabilen Frakturen , verschobenen Frakturen durch das Acetabulumdach und Frakturen mit intraartikulaeren Frakturfragmenten . Es lagen in 37,3% A-Frakturen , in 49,7% B-Frakturen und in 13% C-Frakturen der AO-Klassifikation vor . Bei 16,4% der Frakturen waren praeoperativ neurologische Ausfaelle vorhanden . Die Patienten wurden durchschnittlich nach 5,0 Tagen operativ versorgt . Der Kocher-Langenbeck-Zugang wurde in 56,9% verwendet , der ilioinguinale Zugang in 27,1% und der erweiterte iliofemorale Zugang in 4% . Bei 7,1% der Patienten wurde primaer eine Totalendoprothese implantiert . Es gab keine intra- oder perioperative Mortalitaet . Der durchschnittliche Krankenhausaufenthalt betrug 26,1 Tage . Bei 7,1% der Patienten bestanden sekundaere neurologische Probleme , Infektprobleme kamen in 1,3% vor , Sekundaereingriffe waren in 11,1% notwendig . 175 Patienten wurden nach einem durchschnittlichen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren nachuntersucht . Arthrosezeichen und periartikulaere Ossifikationen wurden roentgenologisch Gehstrecke , Hueftmobilitaet und Schmerzintensitaet , klinisch ausgewertet ; 76% dieser Patienten erhielten ein sehr gutes bis gutes Ergebnis nach der Merle-D'Aubigne-Skala . Die schlechtesten Ergebnisse erhielten die T-Frakturen und die Hinterwandfrakturen . Im Laufe des Neunjahreszeitraums der Studie haben sich praeoperative Roentgendiagnostik , die Wahl des operativen Zugangs und die postoperative Versorgung in Bezug auf Thromboseprophylaxe und Praevention von periartikulaeren Ossifikationen eingehend geaendert . Nach ausfuehrlicher praeoperativer Diagnostik und mit sorgfaeltiger Operationstechnik ist es moeglich , die Mehrheit der Acetabulumfrakturen durch die drei klassischen Zugaenge zu operieren . Weil diese Frakturen eher selten sind , die Diagnostik muehsam und die chirurgische Technik sich schwierig gestaltet , ist eine spezifische Schulung fuer jeden Acetabulumchirurgen unerlaesslich . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	In der Zeit zwischen Dezember 1986 und November 1995 wurden in der Klinik fuer Unfall- und Notfallchirurgie der Universitaetskliniken der Katholischen Universitaet Leuven 222 Patienten mit 225 Acetabulumfrakturen von drei Chirurgen operativ versorgt . Operationsindikationen bestanden bei instabilen Frakturen , verschobenen Frakturen durch das Acetabulumdach und Frakturen mit intraartikulaeren Frakturfragmenten . Es lagen in 37,3% A-Frakturen , in 49,7% B-Frakturen und in 13% C-Frakturen der AO-Klassifikation vor . Bei 16,4% der Frakturen waren praeoperativ neurologische Ausfaelle vorhanden . Die Patienten wurden durchschnittlich nach 5,0 Tagen operativ versorgt . Der Kocher-Langenbeck-Zugang wurde in 56,9% verwendet , der ilioinguinale Zugang in 27,1% und der erweiterte iliofemorale Zugang in 4% . Bei 7,1% der Patienten wurde primaer eine Totalendoprothese implantiert . Es gab keine intra- oder perioperative Mortalitaet . Der durchschnittliche Krankenhausaufenthalt betrug 26,1 Tage . Bei 7,1% der Patienten bestanden sekundaere neurologische Probleme , Infektprobleme kamen in 1,3% vor , Sekundaereingriffe waren in 11,1% notwendig . 175 Patienten wurden nach einem durchschnittlichen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren nachuntersucht . Arthrosezeichen und periartikulaere Ossifikationen wurden roentgenologisch Gehstrecke , Hueftmobilitaet und Schmerzintensitaet , klinisch ausgewertet ; 76% dieser Patienten erhielten ein sehr gutes bis gutes Ergebnis nach der Merle-D'Aubigne-Skala . Die schlechtesten Ergebnisse erhielten die T-Frakturen und die Hinterwandfrakturen . Im Laufe des Neunjahreszeitraums der Studie haben sich praeoperative Roentgendiagnostik , die Wahl des operativen Zugangs und die postoperative Versorgung in Bezug auf Thromboseprophylaxe und Praevention von periartikulaeren Ossifikationen eingehend geaendert . Nach ausfuehrlicher praeoperativer Diagnostik und mit sorgfaeltiger Operationstechnik ist es moeglich , die Mehrheit der Acetabulumfrakturen durch die drei klassischen Zugaenge zu operieren . Weil diese Frakturen eher selten sind , die Diagnostik muehsam und die chirurgische Technik sich schwierig gestaltet , ist eine spezifische Schulung fuer jeden Acetabulumchirurgen unerlaesslich .	[ "In", "der", "Zeit", "zwischen", "Dezember", "1986", "und", "November", "1995", "wurden", "in", "der", "Klinik", "fuer", "Unfall-", "und", "Notfallchirurgie", "der", "Universitaetskliniken", "der", "Katholischen", "Universitaet", "Leuven", "222", "Patienten", "mit", "225", "Acetabulumfrakturen", "von", "drei", "Chirurgen", "operativ", "versorgt", ".", "Operationsindikationen", "bestanden", "bei", "instabilen", "Frakturen", ",", "verschobenen", "Frakturen", "durch", "das", "Acetabulumdach", "und", "Frakturen", "mit", "intraartikulaeren", "Frakturfragmenten", ".", "Es", "lagen", "in", "37,3", "%", "A", "-", "Frakturen", ",", "in", "49,7", "%", "B", "-", "Frakturen", "und", "in", "13", "%", "C", "-", "Frakturen", "der", "AO", "-", "Klassifikation", "vor", ".", "Bei", "16,4", "%", "der", "Frakturen", "waren", "praeoperativ", "neurologische", "Ausfaelle", "vorhanden", ".", "Die", "Patienten", "wurden", "durchschnittlich", "nach", "5,0", "Tagen", "operativ", "versorgt", ".", "Der", "Kocher", "-", "Langenbeck", "-", "Zugang", "wurde", "in", "56,9", "%", "verwendet", ",", "der", "ilioinguinale", "Zugang", "in", "27,1", "%", "und", "der", "erweiterte", "iliofemorale", "Zugang", "in", "4", "%", ".", "Bei", "7,1", "%", "der", "Patienten", "wurde", "primaer", "eine", "Totalendoprothese", "implantiert", ".", "Es", "gab", "keine", "intra-", "oder", "perioperative", "Mortalitaet", ".", "Der", "durchschnittliche", "Krankenhausaufenthalt", "betrug", "26,1", "Tage", ".", "Bei", "7,1", "%", "der", "Patienten", "bestanden", "sekundaere", "neurologische", "Probleme", ",", "Infektprobleme", "kamen", "in", "1,3", "%", "vor", ",", "Sekundaereingriffe", "waren", "in", "11,1", "%", "notwendig", ".", "175", "Patienten", "wurden", "nach", "einem", "durchschnittlichen", "Zeitraum", "von", "2", "Jahren", "nachuntersucht", ".", "Arthrosezeichen", "und", "periartikulaere", "Ossifikationen", "wurden", "roentgenologisch", "Gehstrecke", ",", "Hueftmobilitaet", "und", "Schmerzintensitaet", ",", "klinisch", "ausgewertet", ";", "76", "%", "dieser", "Patienten", "erhielten", "ein", "sehr", "gutes", "bis", "gutes", "Ergebnis", "nach", "der", "Merle", "-", "D'Aubigne", "-", "Skala", ".", "Die", "schlechtesten", "Ergebnisse", "erhielten", "die", "T", "-", "Frakturen", "und", "die", "Hinterwandfrakturen", ".", "Im", "Laufe", "des", "Neunjahreszeitraums", "der", "Studie", "haben", "sich", "praeoperative", "Roentgendiagnostik", ",", "die", "Wahl", "des", "operativen", "Zugangs", "und", "die", "postoperative", "Versorgung", "in", "Bezug", "auf", "Thromboseprophylaxe", "und", "Praevention", "von", "periartikulaeren", "Ossifikationen", "eingehend", "geaendert", ".", "Nach", "ausfuehrlicher", "praeoperativer", "Diagnostik", "und", "mit", "sorgfaeltiger", "Operationstechnik", "ist", "es", "moeglich", ",", "die", "Mehrheit", "der", "Acetabulumfrakturen", "durch", "die", "drei", "klassischen", "Zugaenge", "zu", "operieren", ".", "Weil", "diese", "Frakturen", "eher", "selten", "sind", ",", "die", "Diagnostik", "muehsam", "und", "die", "chirurgische", "Technik", "sich", "schwierig", "gestaltet", ",", "ist", "eine", "spezifische", "Schulung", "fuer", "jeden", "Acetabulumchirurgen", "unerlaesslich", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Zeit is an umlsterm, Unfall- is an umlsterm, Notfallchirurgie is an umlsterm, Universitaetskliniken is an umlsterm, Universitaet is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Frakturfragmenten is an umlsterm, AO - Klassifikation is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Mortalitaet is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Arthrosezeichen is an umlsterm, Schmerzintensitaet is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Hinterwandfrakturen is an umlsterm, Roentgendiagnostik is an umlsterm, Thromboseprophylaxe is an umlsterm, Diagnostik is an umlsterm, Operationstechnik is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Diagnostik is an umlsterm, Technik is an umlsterm	DerUnfallchirurg.71000338.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: In der Zeit zwischen Dezember 1986 und November 1995 wurden in der Klinik fuer Unfall- und Notfallchirurgie der Universitaetskliniken der Katholischen Universitaet Leuven 222 Patienten mit 225 Acetabulumfrakturen von drei Chirurgen operativ versorgt . Operationsindikationen bestanden bei instabilen Frakturen , verschobenen Frakturen durch das Acetabulumdach und Frakturen mit intraartikulaeren Frakturfragmenten . Es lagen in 37,3% A-Frakturen , in 49,7% B-Frakturen und in 13% C-Frakturen der AO-Klassifikation vor . Bei 16,4% der Frakturen waren praeoperativ neurologische Ausfaelle vorhanden . Die Patienten wurden durchschnittlich nach 5,0 Tagen operativ versorgt . Der Kocher-Langenbeck-Zugang wurde in 56,9% verwendet , der ilioinguinale Zugang in 27,1% und der erweiterte iliofemorale Zugang in 4% . Bei 7,1% der Patienten wurde primaer eine Totalendoprothese implantiert . Es gab keine intra- oder perioperative Mortalitaet . Der durchschnittliche Krankenhausaufenthalt betrug 26,1 Tage . Bei 7,1% der Patienten bestanden sekundaere neurologische Probleme , Infektprobleme kamen in 1,3% vor , Sekundaereingriffe waren in 11,1% notwendig . 175 Patienten wurden nach einem durchschnittlichen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren nachuntersucht . Arthrosezeichen und periartikulaere Ossifikationen wurden roentgenologisch Gehstrecke , Hueftmobilitaet und Schmerzintensitaet , klinisch ausgewertet ; 76% dieser Patienten erhielten ein sehr gutes bis gutes Ergebnis nach der Merle-D'Aubigne-Skala . Die schlechtesten Ergebnisse erhielten die T-Frakturen und die Hinterwandfrakturen . Im Laufe des Neunjahreszeitraums der Studie haben sich praeoperative Roentgendiagnostik , die Wahl des operativen Zugangs und die postoperative Versorgung in Bezug auf Thromboseprophylaxe und Praevention von periartikulaeren Ossifikationen eingehend geaendert . Nach ausfuehrlicher praeoperativer Diagnostik und mit sorgfaeltiger Operationstechnik ist es moeglich , die Mehrheit der Acetabulumfrakturen durch die drei klassischen Zugaenge zu operieren . Weil diese Frakturen eher selten sind , die Diagnostik muehsam und die chirurgische Technik sich schwierig gestaltet , ist eine spezifische Schulung fuer jeden Acetabulumchirurgen unerlaesslich . 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Operationsindikationen bestanden bei instabilen Frakturen , verschobenen Frakturen durch das Acetabulumdach und Frakturen mit intraartikulaeren Frakturfragmenten . Es lagen in 37,3% A-Frakturen , in 49,7% B-Frakturen und in 13% C-Frakturen der AO-Klassifikation vor . Bei 16,4% der Frakturen waren praeoperativ neurologische Ausfaelle vorhanden . Die Patienten wurden durchschnittlich nach 5,0 Tagen operativ versorgt . Der Kocher-Langenbeck-Zugang wurde in 56,9% verwendet , der ilioinguinale Zugang in 27,1% und der erweiterte iliofemorale Zugang in 4% . Bei 7,1% der Patienten wurde primaer eine Totalendoprothese implantiert . Es gab keine intra- oder perioperative Mortalitaet . Der durchschnittliche Krankenhausaufenthalt betrug 26,1 Tage . Bei 7,1% der Patienten bestanden sekundaere neurologische Probleme , Infektprobleme kamen in 1,3% vor , Sekundaereingriffe waren in 11,1% notwendig . 175 Patienten wurden nach einem durchschnittlichen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren nachuntersucht . Arthrosezeichen und periartikulaere Ossifikationen wurden roentgenologisch Gehstrecke , Hueftmobilitaet und Schmerzintensitaet , klinisch ausgewertet ; 76% dieser Patienten erhielten ein sehr gutes bis gutes Ergebnis nach der Merle-D'Aubigne-Skala . Die schlechtesten Ergebnisse erhielten die T-Frakturen und die Hinterwandfrakturen . Im Laufe des Neunjahreszeitraums der Studie haben sich praeoperative Roentgendiagnostik , die Wahl des operativen Zugangs und die postoperative Versorgung in Bezug auf Thromboseprophylaxe und Praevention von periartikulaeren Ossifikationen eingehend geaendert . Nach ausfuehrlicher praeoperativer Diagnostik und mit sorgfaeltiger Operationstechnik ist es moeglich , die Mehrheit der Acetabulumfrakturen durch die drei klassischen Zugaenge zu operieren . Weil diese Frakturen eher selten sind , die Diagnostik muehsam und die chirurgische Technik sich schwierig gestaltet , ist eine spezifische Schulung fuer jeden Acetabulumchirurgen unerlaesslich .	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Zeit, Unfall-, Notfallchirurgie, Universitaetskliniken, Universitaet, Patienten, Frakturen, Frakturen, Frakturen, Frakturfragmenten, AO - Klassifikation, Frakturen, Patienten, Patienten, Mortalitaet, Patienten, Patienten, Arthrosezeichen, Schmerzintensitaet, Patienten, Hinterwandfrakturen, Roentgendiagnostik, Thromboseprophylaxe, Diagnostik, Operationstechnik, Frakturen, Diagnostik, Technik	DerUnfallchirurg.71000338.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: In der Zeit zwischen Dezember 1986 und November 1995 wurden in der Klinik fuer Unfall- und Notfallchirurgie der Universitaetskliniken der Katholischen Universitaet Leuven 222 Patienten mit 225 Acetabulumfrakturen von drei Chirurgen operativ versorgt . Operationsindikationen bestanden bei instabilen Frakturen , verschobenen Frakturen durch das Acetabulumdach und Frakturen mit intraartikulaeren Frakturfragmenten . Es lagen in 37,3% A-Frakturen , in 49,7% B-Frakturen und in 13% C-Frakturen der AO-Klassifikation vor . Bei 16,4% der Frakturen waren praeoperativ neurologische Ausfaelle vorhanden . Die Patienten wurden durchschnittlich nach 5,0 Tagen operativ versorgt . Der Kocher-Langenbeck-Zugang wurde in 56,9% verwendet , der ilioinguinale Zugang in 27,1% und der erweiterte iliofemorale Zugang in 4% . Bei 7,1% der Patienten wurde primaer eine Totalendoprothese implantiert . Es gab keine intra- oder perioperative Mortalitaet . Der durchschnittliche Krankenhausaufenthalt betrug 26,1 Tage . Bei 7,1% der Patienten bestanden sekundaere neurologische Probleme , Infektprobleme kamen in 1,3% vor , Sekundaereingriffe waren in 11,1% notwendig . 175 Patienten wurden nach einem durchschnittlichen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren nachuntersucht . Arthrosezeichen und periartikulaere Ossifikationen wurden roentgenologisch Gehstrecke , Hueftmobilitaet und Schmerzintensitaet , klinisch ausgewertet ; 76% dieser Patienten erhielten ein sehr gutes bis gutes Ergebnis nach der Merle-D'Aubigne-Skala . Die schlechtesten Ergebnisse erhielten die T-Frakturen und die Hinterwandfrakturen . Im Laufe des Neunjahreszeitraums der Studie haben sich praeoperative Roentgendiagnostik , die Wahl des operativen Zugangs und die postoperative Versorgung in Bezug auf Thromboseprophylaxe und Praevention von periartikulaeren Ossifikationen eingehend geaendert . Nach ausfuehrlicher praeoperativer Diagnostik und mit sorgfaeltiger Operationstechnik ist es moeglich , die Mehrheit der Acetabulumfrakturen durch die drei klassischen Zugaenge zu operieren . Weil diese Frakturen eher selten sind , die Diagnostik muehsam und die chirurgische Technik sich schwierig gestaltet , ist eine spezifische Schulung fuer jeden Acetabulumchirurgen unerlaesslich . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	In der Zeit zwischen Dezember 1986 und November 1995 wurden in der Klinik fuer Unfall- und Notfallchirurgie der Universitaetskliniken der Katholischen Universitaet Leuven 222 Patienten mit 225 Acetabulumfrakturen von drei Chirurgen operativ versorgt . Operationsindikationen bestanden bei instabilen Frakturen , verschobenen Frakturen durch das Acetabulumdach und Frakturen mit intraartikulaeren Frakturfragmenten . Es lagen in 37,3% A-Frakturen , in 49,7% B-Frakturen und in 13% C-Frakturen der AO-Klassifikation vor . Bei 16,4% der Frakturen waren praeoperativ neurologische Ausfaelle vorhanden . Die Patienten wurden durchschnittlich nach 5,0 Tagen operativ versorgt . Der Kocher-Langenbeck-Zugang wurde in 56,9% verwendet , der ilioinguinale Zugang in 27,1% und der erweiterte iliofemorale Zugang in 4% . Bei 7,1% der Patienten wurde primaer eine Totalendoprothese implantiert . Es gab keine intra- oder perioperative Mortalitaet . Der durchschnittliche Krankenhausaufenthalt betrug 26,1 Tage . Bei 7,1% der Patienten bestanden sekundaere neurologische Probleme , Infektprobleme kamen in 1,3% vor , Sekundaereingriffe waren in 11,1% notwendig . 175 Patienten wurden nach einem durchschnittlichen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren nachuntersucht . Arthrosezeichen und periartikulaere Ossifikationen wurden roentgenologisch Gehstrecke , Hueftmobilitaet und Schmerzintensitaet , klinisch ausgewertet ; 76% dieser Patienten erhielten ein sehr gutes bis gutes Ergebnis nach der Merle-D'Aubigne-Skala . Die schlechtesten Ergebnisse erhielten die T-Frakturen und die Hinterwandfrakturen . Im Laufe des Neunjahreszeitraums der Studie haben sich praeoperative Roentgendiagnostik , die Wahl des operativen Zugangs und die postoperative Versorgung in Bezug auf Thromboseprophylaxe und Praevention von periartikulaeren Ossifikationen eingehend geaendert . Nach ausfuehrlicher praeoperativer Diagnostik und mit sorgfaeltiger Operationstechnik ist es moeglich , die Mehrheit der Acetabulumfrakturen durch die drei klassischen Zugaenge zu operieren . Weil diese Frakturen eher selten sind , die Diagnostik muehsam und die chirurgische Technik sich schwierig gestaltet , ist eine spezifische Schulung fuer jeden Acetabulumchirurgen unerlaesslich .	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Nuclear is a Cellular_component, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cytoskeletal is a Cellular_component, Rho is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, guanine is a Simple_chemical, Cdc42 is a Gene_or_gene_product, cell nucleus is a Cellular_component, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, cyclin - dependent kinase is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc28-Cln is a Complex, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, cytoplasm is a Cellular_component, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, actin is a Gene_or_gene_product, cytoskeleton is a Cellular_component, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, bud site is a Cellular_component, Far1-Cdc24 is a Complex, nucleus is a Cellular_component, Msn5 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, plasma membrane is a Cellular_component, actin is a Gene_or_gene_product, cytoskeleton is a Cellular_component, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, nuclear is a Cellular_component, Msn5 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, nuclear is a Cellular_component, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc42 is a Gene_or_gene_product	25_task0	Sentence: Nuclear sequestration of the exchange factor Cdc24 by Far1 regulates cell polarity during yeast mating. Cytoskeletal rearrangements during the cell cycle and in response to signals are regulated by small Rho-type GTPases, but it is not known how these GTPases are activated in a spatial and temporal manner. Here we show that Cdc24, the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the yeast GTPase Cdc42, is sequestered in the cell nucleus by Far1. Export of Cdc24 to a site of cell polarization is mediated by two mechanisms. At bud emergence, activation of the G1 cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28-Cln triggers degradation of Far1 and, as a result, relocation of Cdc24 to the cytoplasm. Cells overexpressing a non-degradable Far1 were unable to polarize their actin cytoskeleton because they failed to relocate Cdc24 to the incipient bud site. In contrast, in response to mating pheromones, the Far1-Cdc24 complex is exported from the nucleus by Msn5. This mechanism ensures that Cdc24 is targeted to the site of receptor-associated heterotrimeric G-protein activation at the plasma membrane, thereby allowing polarization of the actin cytoskeleton along the morphogenetic gradient of pheromone. Either degradation of Far1 or its nuclear export by Msn5 was sufficient for cell growth, suggesting that the two mechanisms are redundant for cell viability. Taken together, our results indicate that Far1 functions as a nuclear anchor for Cdc24. This sequestration regulates cell polarity in response to pheromones by restricting activation of Cdc42 to the site of pheromone receptor activation. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Simple_chemical, Complex, Gene_or_gene_product, Cellular_component	[ "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "B-Simple_chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "I-Cellular_component", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "B-Complex", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "I-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Complex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "I-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Nuclear sequestration of the exchange factor Cdc24 by Far1 regulates cell polarity during yeast mating. Cytoskeletal rearrangements during the cell cycle and in response to signals are regulated by small Rho-type GTPases, but it is not known how these GTPases are activated in a spatial and temporal manner. Here we show that Cdc24, the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the yeast GTPase Cdc42, is sequestered in the cell nucleus by Far1. Export of Cdc24 to a site of cell polarization is mediated by two mechanisms. At bud emergence, activation of the G1 cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28-Cln triggers degradation of Far1 and, as a result, relocation of Cdc24 to the cytoplasm. Cells overexpressing a non-degradable Far1 were unable to polarize their actin cytoskeleton because they failed to relocate Cdc24 to the incipient bud site. In contrast, in response to mating pheromones, the Far1-Cdc24 complex is exported from the nucleus by Msn5. This mechanism ensures that Cdc24 is targeted to the site of receptor-associated heterotrimeric G-protein activation at the plasma membrane, thereby allowing polarization of the actin cytoskeleton along the morphogenetic gradient of pheromone. Either degradation of Far1 or its nuclear export by Msn5 was sufficient for cell growth, suggesting that the two mechanisms are redundant for cell viability. Taken together, our results indicate that Far1 functions as a nuclear anchor for Cdc24. This sequestration regulates cell polarity in response to pheromones by restricting activation of Cdc42 to the site of pheromone receptor activation.	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Nuclear is a Cellular_component, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cytoskeletal is a Cellular_component, Rho is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, guanine is a Simple_chemical, Cdc42 is a Gene_or_gene_product, cell nucleus is a Cellular_component, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, cyclin - dependent kinase is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc28-Cln is a Complex, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, cytoplasm is a Cellular_component, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, actin is a Gene_or_gene_product, cytoskeleton is a Cellular_component, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, bud site is a Cellular_component, Far1-Cdc24 is a Complex, nucleus is a Cellular_component, Msn5 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, plasma membrane is a Cellular_component, actin is a Gene_or_gene_product, cytoskeleton is a Cellular_component, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, nuclear is a Cellular_component, Msn5 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, nuclear is a Cellular_component, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc42 is a Gene_or_gene_product	25_task1	Sentence: Nuclear sequestration of the exchange factor Cdc24 by Far1 regulates cell polarity during yeast mating. Cytoskeletal rearrangements during the cell cycle and in response to signals are regulated by small Rho-type GTPases, but it is not known how these GTPases are activated in a spatial and temporal manner. Here we show that Cdc24, the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the yeast GTPase Cdc42, is sequestered in the cell nucleus by Far1. Export of Cdc24 to a site of cell polarization is mediated by two mechanisms. At bud emergence, activation of the G1 cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28-Cln triggers degradation of Far1 and, as a result, relocation of Cdc24 to the cytoplasm. Cells overexpressing a non-degradable Far1 were unable to polarize their actin cytoskeleton because they failed to relocate Cdc24 to the incipient bud site. In contrast, in response to mating pheromones, the Far1-Cdc24 complex is exported from the nucleus by Msn5. This mechanism ensures that Cdc24 is targeted to the site of receptor-associated heterotrimeric G-protein activation at the plasma membrane, thereby allowing polarization of the actin cytoskeleton along the morphogenetic gradient of pheromone. Either degradation of Far1 or its nuclear export by Msn5 was sufficient for cell growth, suggesting that the two mechanisms are redundant for cell viability. Taken together, our results indicate that Far1 functions as a nuclear anchor for Cdc24. This sequestration regulates cell polarity in response to pheromones by restricting activation of Cdc42 to the site of pheromone receptor activation. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Nuclear, Cdc24, Far1, Cytoskeletal, Rho, Cdc24, guanine, Cdc42, cell nucleus, Far1, Cdc24, cyclin - dependent kinase, Cdc28-Cln, Far1, Cdc24, cytoplasm, Far1, actin, cytoskeleton, Cdc24, bud site, Far1-Cdc24, nucleus, Msn5, Cdc24, plasma membrane, actin, cytoskeleton, Far1, nuclear, Msn5, Far1, nuclear, Cdc24, Cdc42 Options: Simple_chemical, Complex, Gene_or_gene_product, Cellular_component	[ "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "B-Simple_chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "I-Cellular_component", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "B-Complex", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "I-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Complex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "I-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Nuclear sequestration of the exchange factor Cdc24 by Far1 regulates cell polarity during yeast mating. Cytoskeletal rearrangements during the cell cycle and in response to signals are regulated by small Rho-type GTPases, but it is not known how these GTPases are activated in a spatial and temporal manner. Here we show that Cdc24, the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the yeast GTPase Cdc42, is sequestered in the cell nucleus by Far1. Export of Cdc24 to a site of cell polarization is mediated by two mechanisms. At bud emergence, activation of the G1 cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28-Cln triggers degradation of Far1 and, as a result, relocation of Cdc24 to the cytoplasm. Cells overexpressing a non-degradable Far1 were unable to polarize their actin cytoskeleton because they failed to relocate Cdc24 to the incipient bud site. In contrast, in response to mating pheromones, the Far1-Cdc24 complex is exported from the nucleus by Msn5. This mechanism ensures that Cdc24 is targeted to the site of receptor-associated heterotrimeric G-protein activation at the plasma membrane, thereby allowing polarization of the actin cytoskeleton along the morphogenetic gradient of pheromone. Either degradation of Far1 or its nuclear export by Msn5 was sufficient for cell growth, suggesting that the two mechanisms are redundant for cell viability. Taken together, our results indicate that Far1 functions as a nuclear anchor for Cdc24. This sequestration regulates cell polarity in response to pheromones by restricting activation of Cdc42 to the site of pheromone receptor activation.	[ "Nuclear", "sequestration", "of", "the", "exchange", "factor", "Cdc24", "by", "Far1", "regulates", "cell", "polarity", "during", "yeast", "mating", ".", "\n", "Cytoskeletal", "rearrangements", "during", "the", "cell", "cycle", "and", "in", "response", "to", "signals", "are", "regulated", "by", "small", "Rho", "-", "type", "GTPases", ",", "but", "it", "is", "not", "known", "how", "these", "GTPases", "are", "activated", "in", "a", "spatial", "and", "temporal", "manner", ".", "Here", "we", "show", "that", "Cdc24", ",", "the", "guanine", "-", "nucleotide", "exchange", "factor", "for", "the", "yeast", "GTPase", "Cdc42", ",", "is", "sequestered", "in", "the", "cell", "nucleus", "by", "Far1", ".", "Export", "of", "Cdc24", "to", "a", "site", "of", "cell", "polarization", "is", "mediated", "by", "two", "mechanisms", ".", "At", "bud", "emergence", ",", "activation", "of", "the", "G1", "cyclin", "-", "dependent", "kinase", "Cdc28-Cln", "triggers", "degradation", "of", "Far1", "and", ",", "as", "a", "result", ",", "relocation", "of", "Cdc24", "to", "the", "cytoplasm", ".", "Cells", "overexpressing", "a", "non", "-", "degradable", "Far1", "were", "unable", "to", "polarize", "their", "actin", "cytoskeleton", "because", "they", "failed", "to", "relocate", "Cdc24", "to", "the", "incipient", "bud", "site", ".", "In", "contrast", ",", "in", "response", "to", "mating", "pheromones", ",", "the", "Far1-Cdc24", "complex", "is", "exported", "from", "the", "nucleus", "by", "Msn5", ".", "This", "mechanism", "ensures", "that", "Cdc24", "is", "targeted", "to", "the", "site", "of", "receptor", "-", "associated", "heterotrimeric", "G", "-", "protein", "activation", "at", "the", "plasma", "membrane", ",", "thereby", "allowing", "polarization", "of", "the", "actin", "cytoskeleton", "along", "the", "morphogenetic", "gradient", "of", "pheromone", ".", "Either", "degradation", "of", "Far1", "or", "its", "nuclear", "export", "by", "Msn5", "was", "sufficient", "for", "cell", "growth", ",", "suggesting", "that", "the", "two", "mechanisms", "are", "redundant", "for", "cell", "viability", ".", "Taken", "together", ",", "our", "results", "indicate", "that", "Far1", "functions", "as", "a", "nuclear", "anchor", "for", "Cdc24", ".", "This", "sequestration", "regulates", "cell", "polarity", "in", "response", "to", "pheromones", "by", "restricting", "activation", "of", "Cdc42", "to", "the", "site", "of", "pheromone", "receptor", "activation", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Gene_or_gene_product", "Cellular_component", "Complex", "Simple_chemical" ]
Nuclear, Cdc24, Far1, Cytoskeletal, Rho, Cdc24, guanine, Cdc42, cell nucleus, Far1, Cdc24, cyclin - dependent kinase, Cdc28-Cln, Far1, Cdc24, cytoplasm, Far1, actin, cytoskeleton, Cdc24, bud site, Far1-Cdc24, nucleus, Msn5, Cdc24, plasma membrane, actin, cytoskeleton, Far1, nuclear, Msn5, Far1, nuclear, Cdc24, Cdc42	25_task2	Sentence: Nuclear sequestration of the exchange factor Cdc24 by Far1 regulates cell polarity during yeast mating. Cytoskeletal rearrangements during the cell cycle and in response to signals are regulated by small Rho-type GTPases, but it is not known how these GTPases are activated in a spatial and temporal manner. Here we show that Cdc24, the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the yeast GTPase Cdc42, is sequestered in the cell nucleus by Far1. Export of Cdc24 to a site of cell polarization is mediated by two mechanisms. At bud emergence, activation of the G1 cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28-Cln triggers degradation of Far1 and, as a result, relocation of Cdc24 to the cytoplasm. Cells overexpressing a non-degradable Far1 were unable to polarize their actin cytoskeleton because they failed to relocate Cdc24 to the incipient bud site. In contrast, in response to mating pheromones, the Far1-Cdc24 complex is exported from the nucleus by Msn5. This mechanism ensures that Cdc24 is targeted to the site of receptor-associated heterotrimeric G-protein activation at the plasma membrane, thereby allowing polarization of the actin cytoskeleton along the morphogenetic gradient of pheromone. Either degradation of Far1 or its nuclear export by Msn5 was sufficient for cell growth, suggesting that the two mechanisms are redundant for cell viability. Taken together, our results indicate that Far1 functions as a nuclear anchor for Cdc24. This sequestration regulates cell polarity in response to pheromones by restricting activation of Cdc42 to the site of pheromone receptor activation. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "B-Simple_chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "I-Cellular_component", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "B-Complex", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "I-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Complex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "I-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Nuclear sequestration of the exchange factor Cdc24 by Far1 regulates cell polarity during yeast mating. Cytoskeletal rearrangements during the cell cycle and in response to signals are regulated by small Rho-type GTPases, but it is not known how these GTPases are activated in a spatial and temporal manner. Here we show that Cdc24, the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the yeast GTPase Cdc42, is sequestered in the cell nucleus by Far1. Export of Cdc24 to a site of cell polarization is mediated by two mechanisms. At bud emergence, activation of the G1 cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28-Cln triggers degradation of Far1 and, as a result, relocation of Cdc24 to the cytoplasm. Cells overexpressing a non-degradable Far1 were unable to polarize their actin cytoskeleton because they failed to relocate Cdc24 to the incipient bud site. In contrast, in response to mating pheromones, the Far1-Cdc24 complex is exported from the nucleus by Msn5. This mechanism ensures that Cdc24 is targeted to the site of receptor-associated heterotrimeric G-protein activation at the plasma membrane, thereby allowing polarization of the actin cytoskeleton along the morphogenetic gradient of pheromone. Either degradation of Far1 or its nuclear export by Msn5 was sufficient for cell growth, suggesting that the two mechanisms are redundant for cell viability. Taken together, our results indicate that Far1 functions as a nuclear anchor for Cdc24. This sequestration regulates cell polarity in response to pheromones by restricting activation of Cdc42 to the site of pheromone receptor activation.	[ "Nuclear", "sequestration", "of", "the", "exchange", "factor", "Cdc24", "by", "Far1", "regulates", "cell", "polarity", "during", "yeast", "mating", ".", "\n", "Cytoskeletal", "rearrangements", "during", "the", "cell", "cycle", "and", "in", "response", "to", "signals", "are", "regulated", "by", "small", "Rho", "-", "type", "GTPases", ",", "but", "it", "is", "not", "known", "how", "these", "GTPases", "are", "activated", "in", "a", "spatial", "and", "temporal", "manner", ".", "Here", "we", "show", "that", "Cdc24", ",", "the", "guanine", "-", "nucleotide", "exchange", "factor", "for", "the", "yeast", "GTPase", "Cdc42", ",", "is", "sequestered", "in", "the", "cell", "nucleus", "by", "Far1", ".", "Export", "of", "Cdc24", "to", "a", "site", "of", "cell", "polarization", "is", "mediated", "by", "two", "mechanisms", ".", "At", "bud", "emergence", ",", "activation", "of", "the", "G1", "cyclin", "-", "dependent", "kinase", "Cdc28-Cln", "triggers", "degradation", "of", "Far1", "and", ",", "as", "a", "result", ",", "relocation", "of", "Cdc24", "to", "the", "cytoplasm", ".", "Cells", "overexpressing", "a", "non", "-", "degradable", "Far1", "were", "unable", "to", "polarize", "their", "actin", "cytoskeleton", "because", "they", "failed", "to", "relocate", "Cdc24", "to", "the", "incipient", "bud", "site", ".", "In", "contrast", ",", "in", "response", "to", "mating", "pheromones", ",", "the", "Far1-Cdc24", "complex", "is", "exported", "from", "the", "nucleus", "by", "Msn5", ".", "This", "mechanism", "ensures", "that", "Cdc24", "is", "targeted", "to", "the", "site", "of", "receptor", "-", "associated", "heterotrimeric", "G", "-", "protein", "activation", "at", "the", "plasma", "membrane", ",", "thereby", "allowing", "polarization", "of", "the", "actin", "cytoskeleton", "along", "the", "morphogenetic", "gradient", "of", "pheromone", ".", "Either", "degradation", "of", "Far1", "or", "its", "nuclear", "export", "by", "Msn5", "was", "sufficient", "for", "cell", "growth", ",", "suggesting", "that", "the", "two", "mechanisms", "are", "redundant", "for", "cell", "viability", ".", "Taken", "together", ",", "our", "results", "indicate", "that", "Far1", "functions", "as", "a", "nuclear", "anchor", "for", "Cdc24", ".", "This", "sequestration", "regulates", "cell", "polarity", "in", "response", "to", "pheromones", "by", "restricting", "activation", "of", "Cdc42", "to", "the", "site", "of", "pheromone", "receptor", "activation", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Gene_or_gene_product", "Cellular_component", "Complex", "Simple_chemical" ]
patients is an umlsterm, subarachnoid haemorrhage is an umlsterm, rupture is an umlsterm, cerebral aneurysm is an umlsterm, Morbidity is an umlsterm, mortality is an umlsterm, ischaemic is an umlsterm, cerebral vasospasm is an umlsterm, review is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, calcium antagonists is an umlsterm, haemodilution is an umlsterm, hypertension is an umlsterm, light is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.50440219.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Only 53%-58% of patients with a subarachnoid haemorrhage ( SAB ) following the rupture of a cerebral aneurysm survive without neurological damage . Morbidity and mortality are closely related to the delayed ischaemic neurological deficit due to cerebral vasospasm . The following review gives an account of pathophysiological mechanisms ; the importance of treatment with calcium antagonists , hypervolaemic haemodilution , and induced arterial hypertension is discussed in light of the current literature . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Only 53%-58% of patients with a subarachnoid haemorrhage ( SAB ) following the rupture of a cerebral aneurysm survive without neurological damage . Morbidity and mortality are closely related to the delayed ischaemic neurological deficit due to cerebral vasospasm . The following review gives an account of pathophysiological mechanisms ; the importance of treatment with calcium antagonists , hypervolaemic haemodilution , and induced arterial hypertension is discussed in light of the current literature .	[ "Only", "53%-58", "%", "of", "patients", "with", "a", "subarachnoid", "haemorrhage", "(", "SAB", ")", "following", "the", "rupture", "of", "a", "cerebral", "aneurysm", "survive", "without", "neurological", "damage", ".", "Morbidity", "and", "mortality", "are", "closely", "related", "to", "the", "delayed", "ischaemic", "neurological", "deficit", "due", "to", "cerebral", "vasospasm", ".", "The", "following", "review", "gives", "an", "account", "of", "pathophysiological", "mechanisms", ";", "the", "importance", "of", "treatment", "with", "calcium", "antagonists", ",", "hypervolaemic", "haemodilution", ",", "and", "induced", "arterial", "hypertension", "is", "discussed", "in", "light", "of", "the", "current", "literature", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
patients is an umlsterm, subarachnoid haemorrhage is an umlsterm, rupture is an umlsterm, cerebral aneurysm is an umlsterm, Morbidity is an umlsterm, mortality is an umlsterm, ischaemic is an umlsterm, cerebral vasospasm is an umlsterm, review is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, calcium antagonists is an umlsterm, haemodilution is an umlsterm, hypertension is an umlsterm, light is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.50440219.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Only 53%-58% of patients with a subarachnoid haemorrhage ( SAB ) following the rupture of a cerebral aneurysm survive without neurological damage . Morbidity and mortality are closely related to the delayed ischaemic neurological deficit due to cerebral vasospasm . The following review gives an account of pathophysiological mechanisms ; the importance of treatment with calcium antagonists , hypervolaemic haemodilution , and induced arterial hypertension is discussed in light of the current literature . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: patients, subarachnoid haemorrhage, rupture, cerebral aneurysm, Morbidity, mortality, ischaemic, cerebral vasospasm, review, treatment, calcium antagonists, haemodilution, hypertension, light, literature Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Only 53%-58% of patients with a subarachnoid haemorrhage ( SAB ) following the rupture of a cerebral aneurysm survive without neurological damage . Morbidity and mortality are closely related to the delayed ischaemic neurological deficit due to cerebral vasospasm . The following review gives an account of pathophysiological mechanisms ; the importance of treatment with calcium antagonists , hypervolaemic haemodilution , and induced arterial hypertension is discussed in light of the current literature .	[ "Only", "53%-58", "%", "of", "patients", "with", "a", "subarachnoid", "haemorrhage", "(", "SAB", ")", "following", "the", "rupture", "of", "a", "cerebral", "aneurysm", "survive", "without", "neurological", "damage", ".", "Morbidity", "and", "mortality", "are", "closely", "related", "to", "the", "delayed", "ischaemic", "neurological", "deficit", "due", "to", "cerebral", "vasospasm", ".", "The", "following", "review", "gives", "an", "account", "of", "pathophysiological", "mechanisms", ";", "the", "importance", "of", "treatment", "with", "calcium", "antagonists", ",", "hypervolaemic", "haemodilution", ",", "and", "induced", "arterial", "hypertension", "is", "discussed", "in", "light", "of", "the", "current", "literature", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
patients, subarachnoid haemorrhage, rupture, cerebral aneurysm, Morbidity, mortality, ischaemic, cerebral vasospasm, review, treatment, calcium antagonists, haemodilution, hypertension, light, literature	DerAnaesthesist.50440219.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Only 53%-58% of patients with a subarachnoid haemorrhage ( SAB ) following the rupture of a cerebral aneurysm survive without neurological damage . Morbidity and mortality are closely related to the delayed ischaemic neurological deficit due to cerebral vasospasm . The following review gives an account of pathophysiological mechanisms ; the importance of treatment with calcium antagonists , hypervolaemic haemodilution , and induced arterial hypertension is discussed in light of the current literature . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Only 53%-58% of patients with a subarachnoid haemorrhage ( SAB ) following the rupture of a cerebral aneurysm survive without neurological damage . Morbidity and mortality are closely related to the delayed ischaemic neurological deficit due to cerebral vasospasm . The following review gives an account of pathophysiological mechanisms ; the importance of treatment with calcium antagonists , hypervolaemic haemodilution , and induced arterial hypertension is discussed in light of the current literature .	[ "Only", "53%-58", "%", "of", "patients", "with", "a", "subarachnoid", "haemorrhage", "(", "SAB", ")", "following", "the", "rupture", "of", "a", "cerebral", "aneurysm", "survive", "without", "neurological", "damage", ".", "Morbidity", "and", "mortality", "are", "closely", "related", "to", "the", "delayed", "ischaemic", "neurological", "deficit", "due", "to", "cerebral", "vasospasm", ".", "The", "following", "review", "gives", "an", "account", "of", "pathophysiological", "mechanisms", ";", "the", "importance", "of", "treatment", "with", "calcium", "antagonists", ",", "hypervolaemic", "haemodilution", ",", "and", "induced", "arterial", "hypertension", "is", "discussed", "in", "light", "of", "the", "current", "literature", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, NF - kappa B - like sequence is a Entity, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein	8077662_task0	Sentence: Induction of IL-8 expression in T cells uses the CD28 costimulatory pathway. IL-8, a potent chemotactic factor for neutrophil granulocytes and lymphocytes, is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by a variety of cell types, including T cells. Stimulation of the CD28 cell surface molecule delivers costimulatory signals essential for lymphokine production in activated T cells via a conserved sequence element found in the promoter of several lymphokine genes. Anti-CD28-stimulated T cells produced significant amounts of IL-8; additionally, costimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs resulted in a synergistic induction of IL-8 secretion. Sequence homology, single nucleotide mutations, and anti-CD28 Ab stimulation studies established that the NF-kappa B-like sequence in the promoter of the IL-8 gene functioned as a CD28 response element. Furthermore, cyclosporin A, but not rapamycin, blocked the synergistic induction of IL-8 expression achieved with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 costimulation. The involvement of a CD28 response element in the induction of IL-8 expression in activated T cells may provide new insights into the pathogenesis and persistence of immune disorders characterized by increased levels of IL-8, such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Entity, Protein	[ "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Induction of IL-8 expression in T cells uses the CD28 costimulatory pathway. IL-8, a potent chemotactic factor for neutrophil granulocytes and lymphocytes, is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by a variety of cell types, including T cells. Stimulation of the CD28 cell surface molecule delivers costimulatory signals essential for lymphokine production in activated T cells via a conserved sequence element found in the promoter of several lymphokine genes. Anti-CD28-stimulated T cells produced significant amounts of IL-8; additionally, costimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs resulted in a synergistic induction of IL-8 secretion. Sequence homology, single nucleotide mutations, and anti-CD28 Ab stimulation studies established that the NF-kappa B-like sequence in the promoter of the IL-8 gene functioned as a CD28 response element. Furthermore, cyclosporin A, but not rapamycin, blocked the synergistic induction of IL-8 expression achieved with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 costimulation. The involvement of a CD28 response element in the induction of IL-8 expression in activated T cells may provide new insights into the pathogenesis and persistence of immune disorders characterized by increased levels of IL-8, such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis.	[ "Induction", "of", "IL-8", "expression", "in", "T", "cells", "uses", "the", "CD28", "costimulatory", "pathway", ".", "\n", "IL-8", ",", "a", "potent", "chemotactic", "factor", "for", "neutrophil", "granulocytes", "and", "lymphocytes", ",", "is", "a", "proinflammatory", "cytokine", "secreted", "by", "a", "variety", "of", "cell", "types", ",", "including", "T", "cells", ".", "Stimulation", "of", "the", "CD28", "cell", "surface", "molecule", "delivers", "costimulatory", "signals", "essential", "for", "lymphokine", "production", "in", "activated", "T", "cells", "via", "a", "conserved", "sequence", "element", "found", "in", "the", "promoter", "of", "several", "lymphokine", "genes", ".", "Anti", "-", "CD28-stimulated", "T", "cells", "produced", "significant", "amounts", "of", "IL-8", ";", "additionally", ",", "costimulation", "with", "anti", "-", "CD3", "and", "anti", "-", "CD28", "Abs", "resulted", "in", "a", "synergistic", "induction", "of", "IL-8", "secretion", ".", "Sequence", "homology", ",", "single", "nucleotide", "mutations", ",", "and", "anti", "-", "CD28", "Ab", "stimulation", "studies", "established", "that", "the", "NF", "-", "kappa", "B", "-", "like", "sequence", "in", "the", "promoter", "of", "the", "IL-8", "gene", "functioned", "as", "a", "CD28", "response", "element", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "cyclosporin", "A", ",", "but", "not", "rapamycin", ",", "blocked", "the", "synergistic", "induction", "of", "IL-8", "expression", "achieved", "with", "anti", "-", "CD3", "and", "anti", "-", "CD28", "costimulation", ".", "The", "involvement", "of", "a", "CD28", "response", "element", "in", "the", "induction", "of", "IL-8", "expression", "in", "activated", "T", "cells", "may", "provide", "new", "insights", "into", "the", "pathogenesis", "and", "persistence", "of", "immune", "disorders", "characterized", "by", "increased", "levels", "of", "IL-8", ",", "such", "as", "psoriasis", "and", "rheumatoid", "arthritis", "." ]	[ "Entity", "Protein" ]
IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, NF - kappa B - like sequence is a Entity, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein	8077662_task1	Sentence: Induction of IL-8 expression in T cells uses the CD28 costimulatory pathway. IL-8, a potent chemotactic factor for neutrophil granulocytes and lymphocytes, is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by a variety of cell types, including T cells. Stimulation of the CD28 cell surface molecule delivers costimulatory signals essential for lymphokine production in activated T cells via a conserved sequence element found in the promoter of several lymphokine genes. Anti-CD28-stimulated T cells produced significant amounts of IL-8; additionally, costimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs resulted in a synergistic induction of IL-8 secretion. Sequence homology, single nucleotide mutations, and anti-CD28 Ab stimulation studies established that the NF-kappa B-like sequence in the promoter of the IL-8 gene functioned as a CD28 response element. Furthermore, cyclosporin A, but not rapamycin, blocked the synergistic induction of IL-8 expression achieved with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 costimulation. The involvement of a CD28 response element in the induction of IL-8 expression in activated T cells may provide new insights into the pathogenesis and persistence of immune disorders characterized by increased levels of IL-8, such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: IL-8, CD28, IL-8, CD28, IL-8, CD28, IL-8, CD28, NF - kappa B - like sequence, IL-8, CD28, IL-8, CD28, CD28, IL-8, IL-8 Options: Entity, Protein	[ "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Induction of IL-8 expression in T cells uses the CD28 costimulatory pathway. IL-8, a potent chemotactic factor for neutrophil granulocytes and lymphocytes, is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by a variety of cell types, including T cells. Stimulation of the CD28 cell surface molecule delivers costimulatory signals essential for lymphokine production in activated T cells via a conserved sequence element found in the promoter of several lymphokine genes. Anti-CD28-stimulated T cells produced significant amounts of IL-8; additionally, costimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs resulted in a synergistic induction of IL-8 secretion. Sequence homology, single nucleotide mutations, and anti-CD28 Ab stimulation studies established that the NF-kappa B-like sequence in the promoter of the IL-8 gene functioned as a CD28 response element. Furthermore, cyclosporin A, but not rapamycin, blocked the synergistic induction of IL-8 expression achieved with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 costimulation. The involvement of a CD28 response element in the induction of IL-8 expression in activated T cells may provide new insights into the pathogenesis and persistence of immune disorders characterized by increased levels of IL-8, such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis.	[ "Induction", "of", "IL-8", "expression", "in", "T", "cells", "uses", "the", "CD28", "costimulatory", "pathway", ".", "\n", "IL-8", ",", "a", "potent", "chemotactic", "factor", "for", "neutrophil", "granulocytes", "and", "lymphocytes", ",", "is", "a", "proinflammatory", "cytokine", "secreted", "by", "a", "variety", "of", "cell", "types", ",", "including", "T", "cells", ".", "Stimulation", "of", "the", "CD28", "cell", "surface", "molecule", "delivers", "costimulatory", "signals", "essential", "for", "lymphokine", "production", "in", "activated", "T", "cells", "via", "a", "conserved", "sequence", "element", "found", "in", "the", "promoter", "of", "several", "lymphokine", "genes", ".", "Anti", "-", "CD28-stimulated", "T", "cells", "produced", "significant", "amounts", "of", "IL-8", ";", "additionally", ",", "costimulation", "with", "anti", "-", "CD3", "and", "anti", "-", "CD28", "Abs", "resulted", "in", "a", "synergistic", "induction", "of", "IL-8", "secretion", ".", "Sequence", "homology", ",", "single", "nucleotide", "mutations", ",", "and", "anti", "-", "CD28", "Ab", "stimulation", "studies", "established", "that", "the", "NF", "-", "kappa", "B", "-", "like", "sequence", "in", "the", "promoter", "of", "the", "IL-8", "gene", "functioned", "as", "a", "CD28", "response", "element", ".", "Furthermore", ",", "cyclosporin", "A", ",", "but", "not", "rapamycin", ",", "blocked", "the", "synergistic", "induction", "of", "IL-8", "expression", "achieved", "with", "anti", "-", "CD3", "and", "anti", "-", "CD28", "costimulation", ".", "The", "involvement", "of", "a", "CD28", "response", "element", "in", "the", "induction", "of", "IL-8", "expression", "in", "activated", "T", "cells", "may", "provide", "new", "insights", "into", "the", "pathogenesis", "and", "persistence", "of", "immune", "disorders", "characterized", "by", "increased", "levels", "of", "IL-8", ",", "such", "as", "psoriasis", "and", "rheumatoid", "arthritis", "." ]	[ "Entity", "Protein" ]
IL-8, CD28, IL-8, CD28, IL-8, CD28, IL-8, CD28, NF - kappa B - like sequence, IL-8, CD28, IL-8, CD28, CD28, IL-8, IL-8	8077662_task2	Sentence: Induction of IL-8 expression in T cells uses the CD28 costimulatory pathway. IL-8, a potent chemotactic factor for neutrophil granulocytes and lymphocytes, is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by a variety of cell types, including T cells. Stimulation of the CD28 cell surface molecule delivers costimulatory signals essential for lymphokine production in activated T cells via a conserved sequence element found in the promoter of several lymphokine genes. Anti-CD28-stimulated T cells produced significant amounts of IL-8; additionally, costimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs resulted in a synergistic induction of IL-8 secretion. Sequence homology, single nucleotide mutations, and anti-CD28 Ab stimulation studies established that the NF-kappa B-like sequence in the promoter of the IL-8 gene functioned as a CD28 response element. Furthermore, cyclosporin A, but not rapamycin, blocked the synergistic induction of IL-8 expression achieved with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 costimulation. The involvement of a CD28 response element in the induction of IL-8 expression in activated T cells may provide new insights into the pathogenesis and persistence of immune disorders characterized by increased levels of IL-8, such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Induction of IL-8 expression in T cells uses the CD28 costimulatory pathway. IL-8, a potent chemotactic factor for neutrophil granulocytes and lymphocytes, is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by a variety of cell types, including T cells. Stimulation of the CD28 cell surface molecule delivers costimulatory signals essential for lymphokine production in activated T cells via a conserved sequence element found in the promoter of several lymphokine genes. Anti-CD28-stimulated T cells produced significant amounts of IL-8; additionally, costimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs resulted in a synergistic induction of IL-8 secretion. Sequence homology, single nucleotide mutations, and anti-CD28 Ab stimulation studies established that the NF-kappa B-like sequence in the promoter of the IL-8 gene functioned as a CD28 response element. Furthermore, cyclosporin A, but not rapamycin, blocked the synergistic induction of IL-8 expression achieved with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 costimulation. The involvement of a CD28 response element in the induction of IL-8 expression in activated T cells may provide new insights into the pathogenesis and persistence of immune disorders characterized by increased levels of IL-8, such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis.	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Sp1 is a gene, AP1 is a gene, apoA - II is a gene, apoC - III is a gene, chicken vitellogenin II is a gene, fatty acid synthase is a gene, stearoyl - CoA desaturase 1 is a gene, LDL receptor is a gene, LDL receptor related protein is a gene, LRP is a gene	1.0alpha7.train.1056_task0	Sentence: Transcription factors which bind to Sp1 and AP1 have been implicated in the transcriptional regulation of other genes involved in lipid metabolism including apoA-II (31), apoC-III (32), chicken vitellogenin II (34), fatty acid synthase (35–37), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (38), the LDL receptor (39), and the LDL receptor related protein (LRP) (40). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: gene	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Transcription factors which bind to Sp1 and AP1 have been implicated in the transcriptional regulation of other genes involved in lipid metabolism including apoA-II (31), apoC-III (32), chicken vitellogenin II (34), fatty acid synthase (35–37), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (38), the LDL receptor (39), and the LDL receptor related protein (LRP) (40).	[ "Transcription", "factors", "which", "bind", "to", "Sp1", "and", "AP1", "have", "been", "implicated", "in", "the", "transcriptional", "regulation", "of", "other", "genes", "involved", "in", "lipid", "metabolism", "including", "apoA", "-", "II", "(", "31", ")", ",", "apoC", "-", "III", "(", "32", ")", ",", "chicken", "vitellogenin", "II", "(", "34", ")", ",", "fatty", "acid", "synthase", "(", "35–37", ")", ",", "stearoyl", "-", "CoA", "desaturase", "1", "(", "38", ")", ",", "the", "LDL", "receptor", "(", "39", ")", ",", "and", "the", "LDL", "receptor", "related", "protein", "(", "LRP", ")", "(", "40", ")", "." ]	[ "gene" ]
Sp1 is a gene, AP1 is a gene, apoA - II is a gene, apoC - III is a gene, chicken vitellogenin II is a gene, fatty acid synthase is a gene, stearoyl - CoA desaturase 1 is a gene, LDL receptor is a gene, LDL receptor related protein is a gene, LRP is a gene	1.0alpha7.train.1056_task1	Sentence: Transcription factors which bind to Sp1 and AP1 have been implicated in the transcriptional regulation of other genes involved in lipid metabolism including apoA-II (31), apoC-III (32), chicken vitellogenin II (34), fatty acid synthase (35–37), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (38), the LDL receptor (39), and the LDL receptor related protein (LRP) (40). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Sp1, AP1, apoA - II, apoC - III, chicken vitellogenin II, fatty acid synthase, stearoyl - CoA desaturase 1, LDL receptor, LDL receptor related protein, LRP Options: gene	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Transcription factors which bind to Sp1 and AP1 have been implicated in the transcriptional regulation of other genes involved in lipid metabolism including apoA-II (31), apoC-III (32), chicken vitellogenin II (34), fatty acid synthase (35–37), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (38), the LDL receptor (39), and the LDL receptor related protein (LRP) (40).	[ "Transcription", "factors", "which", "bind", "to", "Sp1", "and", "AP1", "have", "been", "implicated", "in", "the", "transcriptional", "regulation", "of", "other", "genes", "involved", "in", "lipid", "metabolism", "including", "apoA", "-", "II", "(", "31", ")", ",", "apoC", "-", "III", "(", "32", ")", ",", "chicken", "vitellogenin", "II", "(", "34", ")", ",", "fatty", "acid", "synthase", "(", "35–37", ")", ",", "stearoyl", "-", "CoA", "desaturase", "1", "(", "38", ")", ",", "the", "LDL", "receptor", "(", "39", ")", ",", "and", "the", "LDL", "receptor", "related", "protein", "(", "LRP", ")", "(", "40", ")", "." ]	[ "gene" ]
Sp1, AP1, apoA - II, apoC - III, chicken vitellogenin II, fatty acid synthase, stearoyl - CoA desaturase 1, LDL receptor, LDL receptor related protein, LRP	1.0alpha7.train.1056_task2	Sentence: Transcription factors which bind to Sp1 and AP1 have been implicated in the transcriptional regulation of other genes involved in lipid metabolism including apoA-II (31), apoC-III (32), chicken vitellogenin II (34), fatty acid synthase (35–37), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (38), the LDL receptor (39), and the LDL receptor related protein (LRP) (40). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Transcription factors which bind to Sp1 and AP1 have been implicated in the transcriptional regulation of other genes involved in lipid metabolism including apoA-II (31), apoC-III (32), chicken vitellogenin II (34), fatty acid synthase (35–37), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (38), the LDL receptor (39), and the LDL receptor related protein (LRP) (40).	[ "Transcription", "factors", "which", "bind", "to", "Sp1", "and", "AP1", "have", "been", "implicated", "in", "the", "transcriptional", "regulation", "of", "other", "genes", "involved", "in", "lipid", "metabolism", "including", "apoA", "-", "II", "(", "31", ")", ",", "apoC", "-", "III", "(", "32", ")", ",", "chicken", "vitellogenin", "II", "(", "34", ")", ",", "fatty", "acid", "synthase", "(", "35–37", ")", ",", "stearoyl", "-", "CoA", "desaturase", "1", "(", "38", ")", ",", "the", "LDL", "receptor", "(", "39", ")", ",", "and", "the", "LDL", "receptor", "related", "protein", "(", "LRP", ")", "(", "40", ")", "." ]	[ "gene" ]
Therapie is an umlsterm, Chromoblastomykose is an umlsterm, Antimykotika is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Chromoblastomykose is an umlsterm, Phialophora is an umlsterm, Zehe is an umlsterm, Infektion is an umlsterm, Badeurlaubs is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm, Itraconazol is an umlsterm, Hautbefunds is an umlsterm, Therapieende is an umlsterm, lokaler Hyperthermie is an umlsterm, rezidivfreien is an umlsterm, Landbevoelkerung is an umlsterm, Urlaubsdermatose is an umlsterm, Differentialdiagnostik is an umlsterm, Hautveraenderungen is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.60470693.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Die Therapie der fortgeschrittenen Chromoblastomykose ist trotz moderner Antimykotika immer noch unbefriedigend , waehrend die Behandlung im Fruehstadium hohe Heilungsraten erwarten laesst . Bei einem 46 Jahre alten Lehrer konnte eine initiale Chromoblastomykose durch eine noch unbekannte Spezies der Gattung Phialophora diagnostiziert werden . Der Erreger wurde 2 mal im Abstand von 6 Wochen aus einem teils psoriasiformen , teils verrukoesen Herd an der 4. Zehe isoliert , die Infektion ist vermutlich im Rahmen eines Badeurlaubs 4 Jahre zuvor auf Cap Verde acquiriert worden . Unter 6woechiger Therapie mit Itraconazol ( Sempera 200 ) mg/Tag und einer Amphotericin-B-haltigen Zubereitung ( Ampho-Moronal-Creme ) kam es bei guter Vertraeglichkeit zunaechst zu einer raschen Rueckbildung des Hautbefunds . Vier Wochen nach Therapieende liess sich der Erreger jedoch erneut aus Schuppenmaterial anzuechten . Eine nochmalige , nun 20woechige Itraconazoltherapie in obiger Dosierung fuehrte in Kombination mit topischem Amorolfin und lokaler Hyperthermie zu einer nun vollstaendigen , rezidivfreien Abheilung . Der vorliegende Fall zeigt , dass diese seltene Erkrankung - als Verletzungsmykose vornehmlich bei der Landbevoelkerung tropischer Regionen auftretend - auch als sog . Urlaubsdermatose im Zug des Ferntourismus in die Differentialdiagnostik psoriasiformer oder verrukoeser Hautveraenderungen einbezogen werden muss . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Die Therapie der fortgeschrittenen Chromoblastomykose ist trotz moderner Antimykotika immer noch unbefriedigend , waehrend die Behandlung im Fruehstadium hohe Heilungsraten erwarten laesst . Bei einem 46 Jahre alten Lehrer konnte eine initiale Chromoblastomykose durch eine noch unbekannte Spezies der Gattung Phialophora diagnostiziert werden . Der Erreger wurde 2 mal im Abstand von 6 Wochen aus einem teils psoriasiformen , teils verrukoesen Herd an der 4. Zehe isoliert , die Infektion ist vermutlich im Rahmen eines Badeurlaubs 4 Jahre zuvor auf Cap Verde acquiriert worden . Unter 6woechiger Therapie mit Itraconazol ( Sempera 200 ) mg/Tag und einer Amphotericin-B-haltigen Zubereitung ( Ampho-Moronal-Creme ) kam es bei guter Vertraeglichkeit zunaechst zu einer raschen Rueckbildung des Hautbefunds . Vier Wochen nach Therapieende liess sich der Erreger jedoch erneut aus Schuppenmaterial anzuechten . Eine nochmalige , nun 20woechige Itraconazoltherapie in obiger Dosierung fuehrte in Kombination mit topischem Amorolfin und lokaler Hyperthermie zu einer nun vollstaendigen , rezidivfreien Abheilung . Der vorliegende Fall zeigt , dass diese seltene Erkrankung - als Verletzungsmykose vornehmlich bei der Landbevoelkerung tropischer Regionen auftretend - auch als sog . Urlaubsdermatose im Zug des Ferntourismus in die Differentialdiagnostik psoriasiformer oder verrukoeser Hautveraenderungen einbezogen werden muss .	[ "Die", "Therapie", "der", "fortgeschrittenen", "Chromoblastomykose", "ist", "trotz", "moderner", "Antimykotika", "immer", "noch", "unbefriedigend", ",", "waehrend", "die", "Behandlung", "im", "Fruehstadium", "hohe", "Heilungsraten", "erwarten", "laesst", ".", "Bei", "einem", "46", "Jahre", "alten", "Lehrer", "konnte", "eine", "initiale", "Chromoblastomykose", "durch", "eine", "noch", "unbekannte", "Spezies", "der", "Gattung", "Phialophora", "diagnostiziert", "werden", ".", "Der", "Erreger", "wurde", "2", "mal", "im", "Abstand", "von", "6", "Wochen", "aus", "einem", "teils", "psoriasiformen", ",", "teils", "verrukoesen", "Herd", "an", "der", "4", ".", "Zehe", "isoliert", ",", "die", "Infektion", "ist", "vermutlich", "im", "Rahmen", "eines", "Badeurlaubs", "4", "Jahre", "zuvor", "auf", "Cap", "Verde", "acquiriert", "worden", ".", "Unter", "6woechiger", "Therapie", "mit", "Itraconazol", "(", "Sempera", "200", ")", "mg", "/", "Tag", "und", "einer", "Amphotericin", "-", "B", "-", "haltigen", "Zubereitung", "(", "Ampho", "-", "Moronal", "-", "Creme", ")", "kam", "es", "bei", "guter", "Vertraeglichkeit", "zunaechst", "zu", "einer", "raschen", "Rueckbildung", "des", "Hautbefunds", ".", "Vier", "Wochen", "nach", "Therapieende", "liess", "sich", "der", "Erreger", "jedoch", "erneut", "aus", "Schuppenmaterial", "anzuechten", ".", "Eine", "nochmalige", ",", "nun", "20woechige", "Itraconazoltherapie", "in", "obiger", "Dosierung", "fuehrte", "in", "Kombination", "mit", "topischem", "Amorolfin", "und", "lokaler", "Hyperthermie", "zu", "einer", "nun", "vollstaendigen", ",", "rezidivfreien", "Abheilung", ".", "Der", "vorliegende", "Fall", "zeigt", ",", "dass", "diese", "seltene", "Erkrankung", "-", "als", "Verletzungsmykose", "vornehmlich", "bei", "der", "Landbevoelkerung", "tropischer", "Regionen", "auftretend", "-", "auch", "als", "sog", ".", "Urlaubsdermatose", "im", "Zug", "des", "Ferntourismus", "in", "die", "Differentialdiagnostik", "psoriasiformer", "oder", "verrukoeser", "Hautveraenderungen", "einbezogen", "werden", "muss", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Therapie is an umlsterm, Chromoblastomykose is an umlsterm, Antimykotika is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Chromoblastomykose is an umlsterm, Phialophora is an umlsterm, Zehe is an umlsterm, Infektion is an umlsterm, Badeurlaubs is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm, Itraconazol is an umlsterm, Hautbefunds is an umlsterm, Therapieende is an umlsterm, lokaler Hyperthermie is an umlsterm, rezidivfreien is an umlsterm, Landbevoelkerung is an umlsterm, Urlaubsdermatose is an umlsterm, Differentialdiagnostik is an umlsterm, Hautveraenderungen is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.60470693.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Die Therapie der fortgeschrittenen Chromoblastomykose ist trotz moderner Antimykotika immer noch unbefriedigend , waehrend die Behandlung im Fruehstadium hohe Heilungsraten erwarten laesst . Bei einem 46 Jahre alten Lehrer konnte eine initiale Chromoblastomykose durch eine noch unbekannte Spezies der Gattung Phialophora diagnostiziert werden . Der Erreger wurde 2 mal im Abstand von 6 Wochen aus einem teils psoriasiformen , teils verrukoesen Herd an der 4. Zehe isoliert , die Infektion ist vermutlich im Rahmen eines Badeurlaubs 4 Jahre zuvor auf Cap Verde acquiriert worden . Unter 6woechiger Therapie mit Itraconazol ( Sempera 200 ) mg/Tag und einer Amphotericin-B-haltigen Zubereitung ( Ampho-Moronal-Creme ) kam es bei guter Vertraeglichkeit zunaechst zu einer raschen Rueckbildung des Hautbefunds . Vier Wochen nach Therapieende liess sich der Erreger jedoch erneut aus Schuppenmaterial anzuechten . Eine nochmalige , nun 20woechige Itraconazoltherapie in obiger Dosierung fuehrte in Kombination mit topischem Amorolfin und lokaler Hyperthermie zu einer nun vollstaendigen , rezidivfreien Abheilung . Der vorliegende Fall zeigt , dass diese seltene Erkrankung - als Verletzungsmykose vornehmlich bei der Landbevoelkerung tropischer Regionen auftretend - auch als sog . Urlaubsdermatose im Zug des Ferntourismus in die Differentialdiagnostik psoriasiformer oder verrukoeser Hautveraenderungen einbezogen werden muss . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Therapie, Chromoblastomykose, Antimykotika, Behandlung, Chromoblastomykose, Phialophora, Zehe, Infektion, Badeurlaubs, Therapie, Itraconazol, Hautbefunds, Therapieende, lokaler Hyperthermie, rezidivfreien, Landbevoelkerung, Urlaubsdermatose, Differentialdiagnostik, Hautveraenderungen Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Die Therapie der fortgeschrittenen Chromoblastomykose ist trotz moderner Antimykotika immer noch unbefriedigend , waehrend die Behandlung im Fruehstadium hohe Heilungsraten erwarten laesst . Bei einem 46 Jahre alten Lehrer konnte eine initiale Chromoblastomykose durch eine noch unbekannte Spezies der Gattung Phialophora diagnostiziert werden . Der Erreger wurde 2 mal im Abstand von 6 Wochen aus einem teils psoriasiformen , teils verrukoesen Herd an der 4. Zehe isoliert , die Infektion ist vermutlich im Rahmen eines Badeurlaubs 4 Jahre zuvor auf Cap Verde acquiriert worden . Unter 6woechiger Therapie mit Itraconazol ( Sempera 200 ) mg/Tag und einer Amphotericin-B-haltigen Zubereitung ( Ampho-Moronal-Creme ) kam es bei guter Vertraeglichkeit zunaechst zu einer raschen Rueckbildung des Hautbefunds . Vier Wochen nach Therapieende liess sich der Erreger jedoch erneut aus Schuppenmaterial anzuechten . Eine nochmalige , nun 20woechige Itraconazoltherapie in obiger Dosierung fuehrte in Kombination mit topischem Amorolfin und lokaler Hyperthermie zu einer nun vollstaendigen , rezidivfreien Abheilung . Der vorliegende Fall zeigt , dass diese seltene Erkrankung - als Verletzungsmykose vornehmlich bei der Landbevoelkerung tropischer Regionen auftretend - auch als sog . Urlaubsdermatose im Zug des Ferntourismus in die Differentialdiagnostik psoriasiformer oder verrukoeser Hautveraenderungen einbezogen werden muss .	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Therapie, Chromoblastomykose, Antimykotika, Behandlung, Chromoblastomykose, Phialophora, Zehe, Infektion, Badeurlaubs, Therapie, Itraconazol, Hautbefunds, Therapieende, lokaler Hyperthermie, rezidivfreien, Landbevoelkerung, Urlaubsdermatose, Differentialdiagnostik, Hautveraenderungen	DerHautarzt.60470693.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Die Therapie der fortgeschrittenen Chromoblastomykose ist trotz moderner Antimykotika immer noch unbefriedigend , waehrend die Behandlung im Fruehstadium hohe Heilungsraten erwarten laesst . Bei einem 46 Jahre alten Lehrer konnte eine initiale Chromoblastomykose durch eine noch unbekannte Spezies der Gattung Phialophora diagnostiziert werden . Der Erreger wurde 2 mal im Abstand von 6 Wochen aus einem teils psoriasiformen , teils verrukoesen Herd an der 4. Zehe isoliert , die Infektion ist vermutlich im Rahmen eines Badeurlaubs 4 Jahre zuvor auf Cap Verde acquiriert worden . Unter 6woechiger Therapie mit Itraconazol ( Sempera 200 ) mg/Tag und einer Amphotericin-B-haltigen Zubereitung ( Ampho-Moronal-Creme ) kam es bei guter Vertraeglichkeit zunaechst zu einer raschen Rueckbildung des Hautbefunds . Vier Wochen nach Therapieende liess sich der Erreger jedoch erneut aus Schuppenmaterial anzuechten . Eine nochmalige , nun 20woechige Itraconazoltherapie in obiger Dosierung fuehrte in Kombination mit topischem Amorolfin und lokaler Hyperthermie zu einer nun vollstaendigen , rezidivfreien Abheilung . Der vorliegende Fall zeigt , dass diese seltene Erkrankung - als Verletzungsmykose vornehmlich bei der Landbevoelkerung tropischer Regionen auftretend - auch als sog . Urlaubsdermatose im Zug des Ferntourismus in die Differentialdiagnostik psoriasiformer oder verrukoeser Hautveraenderungen einbezogen werden muss . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Die Therapie der fortgeschrittenen Chromoblastomykose ist trotz moderner Antimykotika immer noch unbefriedigend , waehrend die Behandlung im Fruehstadium hohe Heilungsraten erwarten laesst . Bei einem 46 Jahre alten Lehrer konnte eine initiale Chromoblastomykose durch eine noch unbekannte Spezies der Gattung Phialophora diagnostiziert werden . Der Erreger wurde 2 mal im Abstand von 6 Wochen aus einem teils psoriasiformen , teils verrukoesen Herd an der 4. Zehe isoliert , die Infektion ist vermutlich im Rahmen eines Badeurlaubs 4 Jahre zuvor auf Cap Verde acquiriert worden . Unter 6woechiger Therapie mit Itraconazol ( Sempera 200 ) mg/Tag und einer Amphotericin-B-haltigen Zubereitung ( Ampho-Moronal-Creme ) kam es bei guter Vertraeglichkeit zunaechst zu einer raschen Rueckbildung des Hautbefunds . Vier Wochen nach Therapieende liess sich der Erreger jedoch erneut aus Schuppenmaterial anzuechten . Eine nochmalige , nun 20woechige Itraconazoltherapie in obiger Dosierung fuehrte in Kombination mit topischem Amorolfin und lokaler Hyperthermie zu einer nun vollstaendigen , rezidivfreien Abheilung . Der vorliegende Fall zeigt , dass diese seltene Erkrankung - als Verletzungsmykose vornehmlich bei der Landbevoelkerung tropischer Regionen auftretend - auch als sog . Urlaubsdermatose im Zug des Ferntourismus in die Differentialdiagnostik psoriasiformer oder verrukoeser Hautveraenderungen einbezogen werden muss .	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c - jun is a Protein, type 1 is a Protein, 2A protein phosphatases is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, Mac-1 cell surface antigen is a Protein, c - myc is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - fos is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein	1419903_task0	Sentence: Regulation of c-jun expression during induction of monocytic differentiation by okadaic acid. The present work has examined the effects of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of type 1 and 2A protein phosphatases, on the regulation of c-jun expression during monocytic differentiation of U-937 leukemia cells. The results demonstrate that okadaic acid treatment is associated with induction of a differentiated monocyte phenotype characterized by: (a) growth arrest; (b) increases in Mac-1 cell surface antigen expression; (c) down-regulation of c-myc transcripts; and (d) induction of tumor necrosis factor gene expression. This induction of monocytic differentiation was associated with transient increases in c-jun mRNA levels, which were maximal at 6 h. Similar effects were obtained for the c-fos gene. Run-on analysis demonstrated detectable levels of c-jun transcription in U-937 cells and that this rate is increased approximately 40-fold following okadaic acid exposure. c-jun mRNA levels were superinduced in cells treated with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide, whereas inhibition of protein synthesis had little, if any, effect on okadaic acid-induced c-jun transcription. The half-life of c-jun mRNA was similar (45-50 min) in both untreated and okadaic acid-induced cells. In contrast, treatment with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide was associated with stabilization (t 1/2 = 90 min) of c-jun transcripts. Taken together, these findings indicate that the induction of c-jun transcription by okadaic acid is controlled primarily by a transcriptional mechanism. Since previous studies have demonstrated that the c-jun gene is autoinduced by Jun/AP-1, we also studied transcription of c-jun promoter (positions -132/+170)-reporter gene constructs with and without a mutated AP-1 element. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Protein	[ "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Regulation of c-jun expression during induction of monocytic differentiation by okadaic acid. The present work has examined the effects of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of type 1 and 2A protein phosphatases, on the regulation of c-jun expression during monocytic differentiation of U-937 leukemia cells. The results demonstrate that okadaic acid treatment is associated with induction of a differentiated monocyte phenotype characterized by: (a) growth arrest; (b) increases in Mac-1 cell surface antigen expression; (c) down-regulation of c-myc transcripts; and (d) induction of tumor necrosis factor gene expression. This induction of monocytic differentiation was associated with transient increases in c-jun mRNA levels, which were maximal at 6 h. Similar effects were obtained for the c-fos gene. Run-on analysis demonstrated detectable levels of c-jun transcription in U-937 cells and that this rate is increased approximately 40-fold following okadaic acid exposure. c-jun mRNA levels were superinduced in cells treated with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide, whereas inhibition of protein synthesis had little, if any, effect on okadaic acid-induced c-jun transcription. The half-life of c-jun mRNA was similar (45-50 min) in both untreated and okadaic acid-induced cells. In contrast, treatment with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide was associated with stabilization (t 1/2 = 90 min) of c-jun transcripts. Taken together, these findings indicate that the induction of c-jun transcription by okadaic acid is controlled primarily by a transcriptional mechanism. Since previous studies have demonstrated that the c-jun gene is autoinduced by Jun/AP-1, we also studied transcription of c-jun promoter (positions -132/+170)-reporter gene constructs with and without a mutated AP-1 element. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)	[ "Regulation", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "expression", "during", "induction", "of", "monocytic", "differentiation", "by", "okadaic", "acid", ".", "\n", "The", "present", "work", "has", "examined", "the", "effects", "of", "okadaic", "acid", ",", "an", "inhibitor", "of", "type", "1", "and", "2A", "protein", "phosphatases", ",", "on", "the", "regulation", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "expression", "during", "monocytic", "differentiation", "of", "U-937", "leukemia", "cells", ".", "The", "results", "demonstrate", "that", "okadaic", "acid", "treatment", "is", "associated", "with", "induction", "of", "a", "differentiated", "monocyte", "phenotype", "characterized", "by", ":", "(", "a", ")", "growth", "arrest", ";", "(", "b", ")", "increases", "in", "Mac-1", "cell", "surface", "antigen", "expression", ";", "(", "c", ")", "down", "-", "regulation", "of", "c", "-", "myc", "transcripts", ";", "and", "(", "d", ")", "induction", "of", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "gene", "expression", ".", "This", "induction", "of", "monocytic", "differentiation", "was", "associated", "with", "transient", "increases", "in", "c", "-", "jun", "mRNA", "levels", ",", "which", "were", "maximal", "at", "6", "h.", "Similar", "effects", "were", "obtained", "for", "the", "c", "-", "fos", "gene", ".", "Run", "-", "on", "analysis", "demonstrated", "detectable", "levels", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "transcription", "in", "U-937", "cells", "and", "that", "this", "rate", "is", "increased", "approximately", "40-fold", "following", "okadaic", "acid", "exposure", ".", "c", "-", "jun", "mRNA", "levels", "were", "superinduced", "in", "cells", "treated", "with", "both", "okadaic", "acid", "and", "cycloheximide", ",", "whereas", "inhibition", "of", "protein", "synthesis", "had", "little", ",", "if", "any", ",", "effect", "on", "okadaic", "acid", "-", "induced", "c", "-", "jun", "transcription", ".", "The", "half", "-", "life", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "mRNA", "was", "similar", "(", "45", "-", "50", "min", ")", "in", "both", "untreated", "and", "okadaic", "acid", "-", "induced", "cells", ".", "In", "contrast", ",", "treatment", "with", "both", "okadaic", "acid", "and", "cycloheximide", "was", "associated", "with", "stabilization", "(", "t", "1/2", "=", "90", "min", ")", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "transcripts", ".", "Taken", "together", ",", "these", "findings", "indicate", "that", "the", "induction", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "transcription", "by", "okadaic", "acid", "is", "controlled", "primarily", "by", "a", "transcriptional", "mechanism", ".", "Since", "previous", "studies", "have", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "c", "-", "jun", "gene", "is", "autoinduced", "by", "Jun", "/", "AP-1", ",", "we", "also", "studied", "transcription", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "promoter", "(", "positions", "-132/+170)-reporter", "gene", "constructs", "with", "and", "without", "a", "mutated", "AP-1", "element", ".", "(", "ABSTRACT", "TRUNCATED", "AT", "250", "WORDS", ")" ]	[ "Protein" ]
c - jun is a Protein, type 1 is a Protein, 2A protein phosphatases is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, Mac-1 cell surface antigen is a Protein, c - myc is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - fos is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein	1419903_task1	Sentence: Regulation of c-jun expression during induction of monocytic differentiation by okadaic acid. The present work has examined the effects of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of type 1 and 2A protein phosphatases, on the regulation of c-jun expression during monocytic differentiation of U-937 leukemia cells. The results demonstrate that okadaic acid treatment is associated with induction of a differentiated monocyte phenotype characterized by: (a) growth arrest; (b) increases in Mac-1 cell surface antigen expression; (c) down-regulation of c-myc transcripts; and (d) induction of tumor necrosis factor gene expression. This induction of monocytic differentiation was associated with transient increases in c-jun mRNA levels, which were maximal at 6 h. Similar effects were obtained for the c-fos gene. Run-on analysis demonstrated detectable levels of c-jun transcription in U-937 cells and that this rate is increased approximately 40-fold following okadaic acid exposure. c-jun mRNA levels were superinduced in cells treated with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide, whereas inhibition of protein synthesis had little, if any, effect on okadaic acid-induced c-jun transcription. The half-life of c-jun mRNA was similar (45-50 min) in both untreated and okadaic acid-induced cells. In contrast, treatment with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide was associated with stabilization (t 1/2 = 90 min) of c-jun transcripts. Taken together, these findings indicate that the induction of c-jun transcription by okadaic acid is controlled primarily by a transcriptional mechanism. Since previous studies have demonstrated that the c-jun gene is autoinduced by Jun/AP-1, we also studied transcription of c-jun promoter (positions -132/+170)-reporter gene constructs with and without a mutated AP-1 element. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: c - jun, type 1, 2A protein phosphatases, c - jun, Mac-1 cell surface antigen, c - myc, c - jun, c - fos, c - jun, c - jun, c - jun, c - jun, c - jun, c - jun, c - jun, c - jun Options: Protein	[ "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Regulation of c-jun expression during induction of monocytic differentiation by okadaic acid. The present work has examined the effects of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of type 1 and 2A protein phosphatases, on the regulation of c-jun expression during monocytic differentiation of U-937 leukemia cells. The results demonstrate that okadaic acid treatment is associated with induction of a differentiated monocyte phenotype characterized by: (a) growth arrest; (b) increases in Mac-1 cell surface antigen expression; (c) down-regulation of c-myc transcripts; and (d) induction of tumor necrosis factor gene expression. This induction of monocytic differentiation was associated with transient increases in c-jun mRNA levels, which were maximal at 6 h. Similar effects were obtained for the c-fos gene. Run-on analysis demonstrated detectable levels of c-jun transcription in U-937 cells and that this rate is increased approximately 40-fold following okadaic acid exposure. c-jun mRNA levels were superinduced in cells treated with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide, whereas inhibition of protein synthesis had little, if any, effect on okadaic acid-induced c-jun transcription. The half-life of c-jun mRNA was similar (45-50 min) in both untreated and okadaic acid-induced cells. In contrast, treatment with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide was associated with stabilization (t 1/2 = 90 min) of c-jun transcripts. Taken together, these findings indicate that the induction of c-jun transcription by okadaic acid is controlled primarily by a transcriptional mechanism. Since previous studies have demonstrated that the c-jun gene is autoinduced by Jun/AP-1, we also studied transcription of c-jun promoter (positions -132/+170)-reporter gene constructs with and without a mutated AP-1 element. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)	[ "Regulation", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "expression", "during", "induction", "of", "monocytic", "differentiation", "by", "okadaic", "acid", ".", "\n", "The", "present", "work", "has", "examined", "the", "effects", "of", "okadaic", "acid", ",", "an", "inhibitor", "of", "type", "1", "and", "2A", "protein", "phosphatases", ",", "on", "the", "regulation", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "expression", "during", "monocytic", "differentiation", "of", "U-937", "leukemia", "cells", ".", "The", "results", "demonstrate", "that", "okadaic", "acid", "treatment", "is", "associated", "with", "induction", "of", "a", "differentiated", "monocyte", "phenotype", "characterized", "by", ":", "(", "a", ")", "growth", "arrest", ";", "(", "b", ")", "increases", "in", "Mac-1", "cell", "surface", "antigen", "expression", ";", "(", "c", ")", "down", "-", "regulation", "of", "c", "-", "myc", "transcripts", ";", "and", "(", "d", ")", "induction", "of", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "gene", "expression", ".", "This", "induction", "of", "monocytic", "differentiation", "was", "associated", "with", "transient", "increases", "in", "c", "-", "jun", "mRNA", "levels", ",", "which", "were", "maximal", "at", "6", "h.", "Similar", "effects", "were", "obtained", "for", "the", "c", "-", "fos", "gene", ".", "Run", "-", "on", "analysis", "demonstrated", "detectable", "levels", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "transcription", "in", "U-937", "cells", "and", "that", "this", "rate", "is", "increased", "approximately", "40-fold", "following", "okadaic", "acid", "exposure", ".", "c", "-", "jun", "mRNA", "levels", "were", "superinduced", "in", "cells", "treated", "with", "both", "okadaic", "acid", "and", "cycloheximide", ",", "whereas", "inhibition", "of", "protein", "synthesis", "had", "little", ",", "if", "any", ",", "effect", "on", "okadaic", "acid", "-", "induced", "c", "-", "jun", "transcription", ".", "The", "half", "-", "life", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "mRNA", "was", "similar", "(", "45", "-", "50", "min", ")", "in", "both", "untreated", "and", "okadaic", "acid", "-", "induced", "cells", ".", "In", "contrast", ",", "treatment", "with", "both", "okadaic", "acid", "and", "cycloheximide", "was", "associated", "with", "stabilization", "(", "t", "1/2", "=", "90", "min", ")", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "transcripts", ".", "Taken", "together", ",", "these", "findings", "indicate", "that", "the", "induction", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "transcription", "by", "okadaic", "acid", "is", "controlled", "primarily", "by", "a", "transcriptional", "mechanism", ".", "Since", "previous", "studies", "have", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "c", "-", "jun", "gene", "is", "autoinduced", "by", "Jun", "/", "AP-1", ",", "we", "also", "studied", "transcription", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "promoter", "(", "positions", "-132/+170)-reporter", "gene", "constructs", "with", "and", "without", "a", "mutated", "AP-1", "element", ".", "(", "ABSTRACT", "TRUNCATED", "AT", "250", "WORDS", ")" ]	[ "Protein" ]
c - jun, type 1, 2A protein phosphatases, c - jun, Mac-1 cell surface antigen, c - myc, c - jun, c - fos, c - jun, c - jun, c - jun, c - jun, c - jun, c - jun, c - jun, c - jun	1419903_task2	Sentence: Regulation of c-jun expression during induction of monocytic differentiation by okadaic acid. The present work has examined the effects of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of type 1 and 2A protein phosphatases, on the regulation of c-jun expression during monocytic differentiation of U-937 leukemia cells. The results demonstrate that okadaic acid treatment is associated with induction of a differentiated monocyte phenotype characterized by: (a) growth arrest; (b) increases in Mac-1 cell surface antigen expression; (c) down-regulation of c-myc transcripts; and (d) induction of tumor necrosis factor gene expression. This induction of monocytic differentiation was associated with transient increases in c-jun mRNA levels, which were maximal at 6 h. Similar effects were obtained for the c-fos gene. Run-on analysis demonstrated detectable levels of c-jun transcription in U-937 cells and that this rate is increased approximately 40-fold following okadaic acid exposure. c-jun mRNA levels were superinduced in cells treated with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide, whereas inhibition of protein synthesis had little, if any, effect on okadaic acid-induced c-jun transcription. The half-life of c-jun mRNA was similar (45-50 min) in both untreated and okadaic acid-induced cells. In contrast, treatment with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide was associated with stabilization (t 1/2 = 90 min) of c-jun transcripts. Taken together, these findings indicate that the induction of c-jun transcription by okadaic acid is controlled primarily by a transcriptional mechanism. Since previous studies have demonstrated that the c-jun gene is autoinduced by Jun/AP-1, we also studied transcription of c-jun promoter (positions -132/+170)-reporter gene constructs with and without a mutated AP-1 element. 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The present work has examined the effects of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of type 1 and 2A protein phosphatases, on the regulation of c-jun expression during monocytic differentiation of U-937 leukemia cells. The results demonstrate that okadaic acid treatment is associated with induction of a differentiated monocyte phenotype characterized by: (a) growth arrest; (b) increases in Mac-1 cell surface antigen expression; (c) down-regulation of c-myc transcripts; and (d) induction of tumor necrosis factor gene expression. This induction of monocytic differentiation was associated with transient increases in c-jun mRNA levels, which were maximal at 6 h. Similar effects were obtained for the c-fos gene. Run-on analysis demonstrated detectable levels of c-jun transcription in U-937 cells and that this rate is increased approximately 40-fold following okadaic acid exposure. c-jun mRNA levels were superinduced in cells treated with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide, whereas inhibition of protein synthesis had little, if any, effect on okadaic acid-induced c-jun transcription. The half-life of c-jun mRNA was similar (45-50 min) in both untreated and okadaic acid-induced cells. In contrast, treatment with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide was associated with stabilization (t 1/2 = 90 min) of c-jun transcripts. Taken together, these findings indicate that the induction of c-jun transcription by okadaic acid is controlled primarily by a transcriptional mechanism. Since previous studies have demonstrated that the c-jun gene is autoinduced by Jun/AP-1, we also studied transcription of c-jun promoter (positions -132/+170)-reporter gene constructs with and without a mutated AP-1 element. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)	[ "Regulation", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "expression", "during", "induction", "of", "monocytic", "differentiation", "by", "okadaic", "acid", ".", "\n", "The", "present", "work", "has", "examined", "the", "effects", "of", "okadaic", "acid", ",", "an", "inhibitor", "of", "type", "1", "and", "2A", "protein", "phosphatases", ",", "on", "the", "regulation", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "expression", "during", "monocytic", "differentiation", "of", "U-937", "leukemia", "cells", ".", "The", "results", "demonstrate", "that", "okadaic", "acid", "treatment", "is", "associated", "with", "induction", "of", "a", "differentiated", "monocyte", "phenotype", "characterized", "by", ":", "(", "a", ")", "growth", "arrest", ";", "(", "b", ")", "increases", "in", "Mac-1", "cell", "surface", "antigen", "expression", ";", "(", "c", ")", "down", "-", "regulation", "of", "c", "-", "myc", "transcripts", ";", "and", "(", "d", ")", "induction", "of", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "gene", "expression", ".", "This", "induction", "of", "monocytic", "differentiation", "was", "associated", "with", "transient", "increases", "in", "c", "-", "jun", "mRNA", "levels", ",", "which", "were", "maximal", "at", "6", "h.", "Similar", "effects", "were", "obtained", "for", "the", "c", "-", "fos", "gene", ".", "Run", "-", "on", "analysis", "demonstrated", "detectable", "levels", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "transcription", "in", "U-937", "cells", "and", "that", "this", "rate", "is", "increased", "approximately", "40-fold", "following", "okadaic", "acid", "exposure", ".", "c", "-", "jun", "mRNA", "levels", "were", "superinduced", "in", "cells", "treated", "with", "both", "okadaic", "acid", "and", "cycloheximide", ",", "whereas", "inhibition", "of", "protein", "synthesis", "had", "little", ",", "if", "any", ",", "effect", "on", "okadaic", "acid", "-", "induced", "c", "-", "jun", "transcription", ".", "The", "half", "-", "life", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "mRNA", "was", "similar", "(", "45", "-", "50", "min", ")", "in", "both", "untreated", "and", "okadaic", "acid", "-", "induced", "cells", ".", "In", "contrast", ",", "treatment", "with", "both", "okadaic", "acid", "and", "cycloheximide", "was", "associated", "with", "stabilization", "(", "t", "1/2", "=", "90", "min", ")", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "transcripts", ".", "Taken", "together", ",", "these", "findings", "indicate", "that", "the", "induction", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "transcription", "by", "okadaic", "acid", "is", "controlled", "primarily", "by", "a", "transcriptional", "mechanism", ".", "Since", "previous", "studies", "have", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "c", "-", "jun", "gene", "is", "autoinduced", "by", "Jun", "/", "AP-1", ",", "we", "also", "studied", "transcription", "of", "c", "-", "jun", "promoter", "(", "positions", "-132/+170)-reporter", "gene", "constructs", "with", "and", "without", "a", "mutated", "AP-1", "element", ".", "(", "ABSTRACT", "TRUNCATED", "AT", "250", "WORDS", ")" ]	[ "Protein" ]
nutrition intervention is a Intervention_Physical, economic productivity is a Outcome_Other, Guatemalan adults . is a Participant_Condition, 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25 - 42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 . is a Participant_Condition, accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0 - 7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969 - 77 . is a Participant_Condition, nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children is a Intervention_Pharmacological, two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, hourly wages is a Outcome_Other, tendency for hours worked is a Outcome_Other, annual incomes is a Outcome_Other, substantial increases in wage rates is a Outcome_Other	34345_task0	Sentence: Effect of a nutrition intervention during early childhood on economic productivity in Guatemalan adults . BACKGROUND Substantial , but indirect , evidence suggests that improving nutrition in early childhood in developing countries is a long-term economic investment . We investigated the direct effect of a nutrition intervention in early childhood on adult economic productivity . METHODS We obtained economic data from 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25-42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 . They accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0-7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969-77 . In this initial study , two villages were randomly assigned a nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children and two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ) . We estimated annual income , hours worked , and average hourly wages from all economic activities . We used linear regression models , adjusting for potentially confounding factors , to assess the relation between economic variables and exposure to atole or fresco at specific ages between birth and 7 years . FINDINGS Exposure to atole before , but not after , age 3 years was associated with higher hourly wages , but only for men . For exposure to atole from 0 to 2 years , the increase was US $ 0.67 per hour ( 95 % CI 0.16-1.17 ) , which meant a 46 % increase in average wages . There was a non-significant tendency for hours worked to be reduced and for annual incomes to be greater for those exposed to atole from 0 to 2 years . INTERPRETATION Improving nutrition in early childhood led to substantial increases in wage rates for men , which suggests that investments in early childhood nutrition can be long-term drivers of economic growth . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Physical, Outcome_Other, Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Effect of a nutrition intervention during early childhood on economic productivity in Guatemalan adults . BACKGROUND Substantial , but indirect , evidence suggests that improving nutrition in early childhood in developing countries is a long-term economic investment . We investigated the direct effect of a nutrition intervention in early childhood on adult economic productivity . METHODS We obtained economic data from 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25-42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 . They accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0-7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969-77 . In this initial study , two villages were randomly assigned a nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children and two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ) . We estimated annual income , hours worked , and average hourly wages from all economic activities . We used linear regression models , adjusting for potentially confounding factors , to assess the relation between economic variables and exposure to atole or fresco at specific ages between birth and 7 years . FINDINGS Exposure to atole before , but not after , age 3 years was associated with higher hourly wages , but only for men . For exposure to atole from 0 to 2 years , the increase was US $ 0.67 per hour ( 95 % CI 0.16-1.17 ) , which meant a 46 % increase in average wages . There was a non-significant tendency for hours worked to be reduced and for annual incomes to be greater for those exposed to atole from 0 to 2 years . INTERPRETATION Improving nutrition in early childhood led to substantial increases in wage rates for men , which suggests that investments in early childhood nutrition can be long-term drivers of economic growth .	[ "Effect", "of", "a", "nutrition", "intervention", "during", "early", "childhood", "on", "economic", "productivity", "in", "Guatemalan", "adults", ".", "BACKGROUND", "Substantial", ",", "but", "indirect", ",", "evidence", "suggests", "that", "improving", "nutrition", "in", "early", "childhood", "in", "developing", "countries", "is", "a", "long", "-", "term", "economic", "investment", ".", "We", "investigated", "the", "direct", "effect", "of", "a", "nutrition", "intervention", "in", "early", "childhood", "on", "adult", "economic", "productivity", ".", "METHODS", "We", "obtained", "economic", "data", "from", "1424", "Guatemalan", "individuals", "(", "aged", "25", "-", "42", "years", ")", "between", "2002", "and", "2004", ".", "They", "accounted", "for", "60", "%", "of", "the", "2392", "children", "(", "aged", "0", "-", "7", "years", ")", "who", "had", "been", "enrolled", "in", "a", "nutrition", "intervention", "study", "during", "1969", "-", "77", ".", "In", "this", "initial", "study", ",", "two", "villages", "were", "randomly", "assigned", "a", "nutritious", "supplement", "(", "atole", ")", "for", "all", "children", "and", "two", "villages", "a", "less", "nutritious", "one", "(", "fresco", ")", ".", "We", "estimated", "annual", "income", ",", "hours", "worked", ",", "and", "average", "hourly", "wages", "from", "all", "economic", "activities", ".", "We", "used", "linear", "regression", "models", ",", "adjusting", "for", "potentially", "confounding", "factors", ",", "to", "assess", "the", "relation", "between", "economic", "variables", "and", "exposure", "to", "atole", "or", "fresco", "at", "specific", "ages", "between", "birth", "and", "7", "years", ".", "FINDINGS", "Exposure", "to", "atole", "before", ",", "but", "not", "after", ",", "age", "3", "years", "was", "associated", "with", "higher", "hourly", "wages", ",", "but", "only", "for", "men", ".", "For", "exposure", "to", "atole", "from", "0", "to", "2", "years", ",", "the", "increase", "was", "US", "$", "0.67", "per", "hour", "(", "95", "%", "CI", "0.16", "-", "1.17", ")", ",", "which", "meant", "a", "46", "%", "increase", "in", "average", "wages", ".", "There", "was", "a", "non", "-", "significant", "tendency", "for", "hours", "worked", "to", "be", "reduced", "and", "for", "annual", "incomes", "to", "be", "greater", "for", "those", "exposed", "to", "atole", "from", "0", "to", "2", "years", ".", "INTERPRETATION", "Improving", "nutrition", "in", "early", "childhood", "led", "to", "substantial", "increases", "in", "wage", "rates", "for", "men", ",", "which", "suggests", "that", "investments", "in", "early", "childhood", "nutrition", "can", "be", "long", "-", "term", "drivers", "of", "economic", "growth", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Physical" ]
nutrition intervention is a Intervention_Physical, economic productivity is a Outcome_Other, Guatemalan adults . is a Participant_Condition, 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25 - 42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 . is a Participant_Condition, accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0 - 7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969 - 77 . is a Participant_Condition, nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children is a Intervention_Pharmacological, two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, hourly wages is a Outcome_Other, tendency for hours worked is a Outcome_Other, annual incomes is a Outcome_Other, substantial increases in wage rates is a Outcome_Other	34345_task1	Sentence: Effect of a nutrition intervention during early childhood on economic productivity in Guatemalan adults . BACKGROUND Substantial , but indirect , evidence suggests that improving nutrition in early childhood in developing countries is a long-term economic investment . We investigated the direct effect of a nutrition intervention in early childhood on adult economic productivity . METHODS We obtained economic data from 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25-42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 . They accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0-7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969-77 . In this initial study , two villages were randomly assigned a nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children and two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ) . We estimated annual income , hours worked , and average hourly wages from all economic activities . We used linear regression models , adjusting for potentially confounding factors , to assess the relation between economic variables and exposure to atole or fresco at specific ages between birth and 7 years . FINDINGS Exposure to atole before , but not after , age 3 years was associated with higher hourly wages , but only for men . For exposure to atole from 0 to 2 years , the increase was US $ 0.67 per hour ( 95 % CI 0.16-1.17 ) , which meant a 46 % increase in average wages . There was a non-significant tendency for hours worked to be reduced and for annual incomes to be greater for those exposed to atole from 0 to 2 years . INTERPRETATION Improving nutrition in early childhood led to substantial increases in wage rates for men , which suggests that investments in early childhood nutrition can be long-term drivers of economic growth . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: nutrition intervention, economic productivity, Guatemalan adults ., 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25 - 42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 ., accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0 - 7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969 - 77 ., nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children, two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ), hourly wages, tendency for hours worked, annual incomes, substantial increases in wage rates Options: Intervention_Physical, Outcome_Other, Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Effect of a nutrition intervention during early childhood on economic productivity in Guatemalan adults . BACKGROUND Substantial , but indirect , evidence suggests that improving nutrition in early childhood in developing countries is a long-term economic investment . We investigated the direct effect of a nutrition intervention in early childhood on adult economic productivity . METHODS We obtained economic data from 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25-42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 . They accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0-7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969-77 . In this initial study , two villages were randomly assigned a nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children and two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ) . We estimated annual income , hours worked , and average hourly wages from all economic activities . We used linear regression models , adjusting for potentially confounding factors , to assess the relation between economic variables and exposure to atole or fresco at specific ages between birth and 7 years . FINDINGS Exposure to atole before , but not after , age 3 years was associated with higher hourly wages , but only for men . For exposure to atole from 0 to 2 years , the increase was US $ 0.67 per hour ( 95 % CI 0.16-1.17 ) , which meant a 46 % increase in average wages . There was a non-significant tendency for hours worked to be reduced and for annual incomes to be greater for those exposed to atole from 0 to 2 years . INTERPRETATION Improving nutrition in early childhood led to substantial increases in wage rates for men , which suggests that investments in early childhood nutrition can be long-term drivers of economic growth .	[ "Effect", "of", "a", "nutrition", "intervention", "during", "early", "childhood", "on", "economic", "productivity", "in", "Guatemalan", "adults", ".", "BACKGROUND", "Substantial", ",", "but", "indirect", ",", "evidence", "suggests", "that", "improving", "nutrition", "in", "early", "childhood", "in", "developing", "countries", "is", "a", "long", "-", "term", "economic", "investment", ".", "We", "investigated", "the", "direct", "effect", "of", "a", "nutrition", "intervention", "in", "early", "childhood", "on", "adult", "economic", "productivity", ".", "METHODS", "We", "obtained", "economic", "data", "from", "1424", "Guatemalan", "individuals", "(", "aged", "25", "-", "42", "years", ")", "between", "2002", "and", "2004", ".", "They", "accounted", "for", "60", "%", "of", "the", "2392", "children", "(", "aged", "0", "-", "7", "years", ")", "who", "had", "been", "enrolled", "in", "a", "nutrition", "intervention", "study", "during", "1969", "-", "77", ".", "In", "this", "initial", "study", ",", "two", "villages", "were", "randomly", "assigned", "a", "nutritious", "supplement", "(", "atole", ")", "for", "all", "children", "and", "two", "villages", "a", "less", "nutritious", "one", "(", "fresco", ")", ".", "We", "estimated", "annual", "income", ",", "hours", "worked", ",", "and", "average", "hourly", "wages", "from", "all", "economic", "activities", ".", "We", "used", "linear", "regression", "models", ",", "adjusting", "for", "potentially", "confounding", "factors", ",", "to", "assess", "the", "relation", "between", "economic", "variables", "and", "exposure", "to", "atole", "or", "fresco", "at", "specific", "ages", "between", "birth", "and", "7", "years", ".", "FINDINGS", "Exposure", "to", "atole", "before", ",", "but", "not", "after", ",", "age", "3", "years", "was", "associated", "with", "higher", "hourly", "wages", ",", "but", "only", "for", "men", ".", "For", "exposure", "to", "atole", "from", "0", "to", "2", "years", ",", "the", "increase", "was", "US", "$", "0.67", "per", "hour", "(", "95", "%", "CI", "0.16", "-", "1.17", ")", ",", "which", "meant", "a", "46", "%", "increase", "in", "average", "wages", ".", "There", "was", "a", "non", "-", "significant", "tendency", "for", "hours", "worked", "to", "be", "reduced", "and", "for", "annual", "incomes", "to", "be", "greater", "for", "those", "exposed", "to", "atole", "from", "0", "to", "2", "years", ".", "INTERPRETATION", "Improving", "nutrition", "in", "early", "childhood", "led", "to", "substantial", "increases", "in", "wage", "rates", "for", "men", ",", "which", "suggests", "that", "investments", "in", "early", "childhood", "nutrition", "can", "be", "long", "-", "term", "drivers", "of", "economic", "growth", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Physical" ]
nutrition intervention, economic productivity, Guatemalan adults ., 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25 - 42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 ., accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0 - 7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969 - 77 ., nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children, two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ), hourly wages, tendency for hours worked, annual incomes, substantial increases in wage rates	34345_task2	Sentence: Effect of a nutrition intervention during early childhood on economic productivity in Guatemalan adults . BACKGROUND Substantial , but indirect , evidence suggests that improving nutrition in early childhood in developing countries is a long-term economic investment . We investigated the direct effect of a nutrition intervention in early childhood on adult economic productivity . METHODS We obtained economic data from 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25-42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 . They accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0-7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969-77 . In this initial study , two villages were randomly assigned a nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children and two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ) . We estimated annual income , hours worked , and average hourly wages from all economic activities . We used linear regression models , adjusting for potentially confounding factors , to assess the relation between economic variables and exposure to atole or fresco at specific ages between birth and 7 years . FINDINGS Exposure to atole before , but not after , age 3 years was associated with higher hourly wages , but only for men . For exposure to atole from 0 to 2 years , the increase was US $ 0.67 per hour ( 95 % CI 0.16-1.17 ) , which meant a 46 % increase in average wages . There was a non-significant tendency for hours worked to be reduced and for annual incomes to be greater for those exposed to atole from 0 to 2 years . INTERPRETATION Improving nutrition in early childhood led to substantial increases in wage rates for men , which suggests that investments in early childhood nutrition can be long-term drivers of economic growth . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Effect of a nutrition intervention during early childhood on economic productivity in Guatemalan adults . BACKGROUND Substantial , but indirect , evidence suggests that improving nutrition in early childhood in developing countries is a long-term economic investment . We investigated the direct effect of a nutrition intervention in early childhood on adult economic productivity . METHODS We obtained economic data from 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25-42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 . They accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0-7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969-77 . In this initial study , two villages were randomly assigned a nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children and two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ) . We estimated annual income , hours worked , and average hourly wages from all economic activities . We used linear regression models , adjusting for potentially confounding factors , to assess the relation between economic variables and exposure to atole or fresco at specific ages between birth and 7 years . FINDINGS Exposure to atole before , but not after , age 3 years was associated with higher hourly wages , but only for men . For exposure to atole from 0 to 2 years , the increase was US $ 0.67 per hour ( 95 % CI 0.16-1.17 ) , which meant a 46 % increase in average wages . There was a non-significant tendency for hours worked to be reduced and for annual incomes to be greater for those exposed to atole from 0 to 2 years . INTERPRETATION Improving nutrition in early childhood led to substantial increases in wage rates for men , which suggests that investments in early childhood nutrition can be long-term drivers of economic growth .	[ "Effect", "of", "a", "nutrition", "intervention", "during", "early", "childhood", "on", "economic", "productivity", "in", "Guatemalan", "adults", ".", "BACKGROUND", "Substantial", ",", "but", "indirect", ",", "evidence", "suggests", "that", "improving", "nutrition", "in", "early", "childhood", "in", "developing", "countries", "is", "a", "long", "-", "term", "economic", "investment", ".", "We", "investigated", "the", "direct", "effect", "of", "a", "nutrition", "intervention", "in", "early", "childhood", "on", "adult", "economic", "productivity", ".", "METHODS", "We", "obtained", "economic", "data", "from", "1424", "Guatemalan", "individuals", "(", "aged", "25", "-", "42", "years", ")", "between", "2002", "and", "2004", ".", "They", "accounted", "for", "60", "%", "of", "the", "2392", "children", "(", "aged", "0", "-", "7", "years", ")", "who", "had", "been", "enrolled", "in", "a", "nutrition", "intervention", "study", "during", "1969", "-", "77", ".", "In", "this", "initial", "study", ",", "two", "villages", "were", "randomly", "assigned", "a", "nutritious", "supplement", "(", "atole", ")", "for", "all", "children", "and", "two", "villages", "a", "less", "nutritious", "one", "(", "fresco", ")", ".", "We", "estimated", "annual", "income", ",", "hours", "worked", ",", "and", "average", "hourly", "wages", "from", "all", "economic", "activities", ".", "We", "used", "linear", "regression", "models", ",", "adjusting", "for", "potentially", "confounding", "factors", ",", "to", "assess", "the", "relation", "between", "economic", "variables", "and", "exposure", "to", "atole", "or", "fresco", "at", "specific", "ages", "between", "birth", "and", "7", "years", ".", "FINDINGS", "Exposure", "to", "atole", "before", ",", "but", "not", "after", ",", "age", "3", "years", "was", "associated", "with", "higher", "hourly", "wages", ",", "but", "only", "for", "men", ".", "For", "exposure", "to", "atole", "from", "0", "to", "2", "years", ",", "the", "increase", "was", "US", "$", "0.67", "per", "hour", "(", "95", "%", "CI", "0.16", "-", "1.17", ")", ",", "which", "meant", "a", "46", "%", "increase", "in", "average", "wages", ".", "There", "was", "a", "non", "-", "significant", "tendency", "for", "hours", "worked", "to", "be", "reduced", "and", "for", "annual", "incomes", "to", "be", "greater", "for", "those", "exposed", "to", "atole", "from", "0", "to", "2", "years", ".", "INTERPRETATION", "Improving", "nutrition", "in", "early", "childhood", "led", "to", "substantial", "increases", "in", "wage", "rates", "for", "men", ",", "which", "suggests", "that", "investments", "in", "early", "childhood", "nutrition", "can", "be", "long", "-", "term", "drivers", "of", "economic", "growth", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Physical" ]
tissue is an umlsterm, contusion is an umlsterm, legs is an umlsterm, thrombocytopenia is an umlsterm, thrombosis is an umlsterm, prophylaxis is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, thrombosis is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, allergic reaction is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, thrombocytes is an umlsterm, heparin - dependent is an umlsterm, antibodies is an umlsterm, trauma is an umlsterm, deep vein thrombosis is an umlsterm, leg is an umlsterm, compartment syndrome is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, exanthema is an umlsterm, upper extremities is an umlsterm, urticaria is an umlsterm, face is an umlsterm, headache is an umlsterm, platelet count is an umlsterm, causes is an umlsterm, symptoms is an umlsterm, heparin - dependent is an umlsterm, antibodies is an umlsterm, heparin - platelet - factor is an umlsterm, Thrombosis is an umlsterm, prophylaxis is an umlsterm, hirudin is an umlsterm, thrombocytes is an umlsterm, line is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, trauma is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, anaphylactic shock is an umlsterm, cortisone is an umlsterm, thrombocytopenia is an umlsterm, form is an umlsterm, allergic reaction is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, antigen - antibody reaction is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, thrombocyte is an umlsterm, forms is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, symptoms is an umlsterm, thrombocytopenia is an umlsterm, symptom is an umlsterm, antibody is an umlsterm, hospital is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, allergy is an umlsterm, classification is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, allergy is an umlsterm, antibodies is an umlsterm, thrombocytes is an umlsterm, antibodies is an umlsterm, symptoms is an umlsterm	DerChirurg.90700588.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: We report a truck driver with severe soft tissue contusion of both legs who developed atypical heparin-induced thrombocytopenia ( HIT ) after a thrombosis prophylaxis with unfractionated heparin ; despite a thrombosis the patient showed a systemic allergic reaction to heparin in combination with elevation of thrombocytes and positive heparin-dependent antibodies . Six days after the initial trauma deep vein thrombosis of the left lower leg was diagnosed and fasciotomy was performed , preventing an imminent compartment syndrome . Another 5 days later the patient developed exanthema of the trunk and upper extremities and urticaria on his face , as well as severe headache . His platelet count increased from 134 000/µl to 258 000/µl. After exclusion of other causes for these symptoms , a reaction to heparin-dependent antibodies ( heparin-platelet-factor 4 complex ) was demonstrated 2 days later . Thrombosis prophylaxis was changed to hirudin ( Refludan ) and elevation of thrombocytes to 445 000/µl was noted . Shortly after rinsing of an intravenous line with less than 50 IE unfractionated heparin at day 36 after trauma the patient developed an anaphylactic shock , which could be managed with cortisone . We suggest that in HIT the thrombocytopenia may represent only one form of an allergic reaction to heparin . The cause of the thrombembolic event is an antigen-antibody reaction to heparin taking place on the surface of the thrombocyte . This is similar in all forms of systemic reaction to heparin application , even though the symptoms may vary . As thrombocytopenia may not be the main symptom of a heparin-induced antibody reaction - in our hospital only 5 of 10 patients with HIT - the disease should rather be named " heparin allergy " . We suggest a new classification of different pattern of heparin allergy types I-IV . The new types I and II are similar to HIT types I and II . Type III is the reaction of antibodies without decrease of thrombocytes , and type IV the reaction of antibodies associated with systemic allergic symptoms . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	We report a truck driver with severe soft tissue contusion of both legs who developed atypical heparin-induced thrombocytopenia ( HIT ) after a thrombosis prophylaxis with unfractionated heparin ; despite a thrombosis the patient showed a systemic allergic reaction to heparin in combination with elevation of thrombocytes and positive heparin-dependent antibodies . Six days after the initial trauma deep vein thrombosis of the left lower leg was diagnosed and fasciotomy was performed , preventing an imminent compartment syndrome . Another 5 days later the patient developed exanthema of the trunk and upper extremities and urticaria on his face , as well as severe headache . His platelet count increased from 134 000/µl to 258 000/µl. After exclusion of other causes for these symptoms , a reaction to heparin-dependent antibodies ( heparin-platelet-factor 4 complex ) was demonstrated 2 days later . Thrombosis prophylaxis was changed to hirudin ( Refludan ) and elevation of thrombocytes to 445 000/µl was noted . Shortly after rinsing of an intravenous line with less than 50 IE unfractionated heparin at day 36 after trauma the patient developed an anaphylactic shock , which could be managed with cortisone . We suggest that in HIT the thrombocytopenia may represent only one form of an allergic reaction to heparin . The cause of the thrombembolic event is an antigen-antibody reaction to heparin taking place on the surface of the thrombocyte . This is similar in all forms of systemic reaction to heparin application , even though the symptoms may vary . As thrombocytopenia may not be the main symptom of a heparin-induced antibody reaction - in our hospital only 5 of 10 patients with HIT - the disease should rather be named " heparin allergy " . We suggest a new classification of different pattern of heparin allergy types I-IV . The new types I and II are similar to HIT types I and II . Type III is the reaction of antibodies without decrease of thrombocytes , and type IV the reaction of antibodies associated with systemic allergic symptoms .	[ "We", "report", "a", "truck", "driver", "with", "severe", "soft", "tissue", "contusion", "of", "both", "legs", "who", "developed", "atypical", "heparin", "-", "induced", "thrombocytopenia", "(", "HIT", ")", "after", "a", "thrombosis", "prophylaxis", "with", "unfractionated", "heparin", ";", "despite", "a", "thrombosis", "the", "patient", "showed", "a", "systemic", "allergic", "reaction", "to", "heparin", "in", "combination", "with", "elevation", "of", "thrombocytes", "and", "positive", "heparin", "-", "dependent", "antibodies", ".", "Six", "days", "after", "the", "initial", "trauma", "deep", "vein", "thrombosis", "of", "the", "left", "lower", "leg", "was", "diagnosed", "and", "fasciotomy", "was", "performed", ",", "preventing", "an", "imminent", "compartment", "syndrome", ".", "Another", "5", "days", "later", "the", "patient", "developed", "exanthema", "of", "the", "trunk", "and", "upper", "extremities", "and", "urticaria", "on", "his", "face", ",", "as", "well", "as", "severe", "headache", ".", "His", "platelet", "count", "increased", "from", "134", "000/µl", "to", "258", "000/µl", ".", "After", "exclusion", "of", "other", "causes", "for", "these", "symptoms", ",", "a", "reaction", "to", "heparin", "-", "dependent", "antibodies", "(", "heparin", "-", "platelet", "-", "factor", "4", "complex", ")", "was", "demonstrated", "2", "days", "later", ".", "Thrombosis", "prophylaxis", "was", "changed", "to", "hirudin", "(", "Refludan", ")", "and", "elevation", "of", "thrombocytes", "to", "445", "000/µl", "was", "noted", ".", "Shortly", "after", "rinsing", "of", "an", "intravenous", "line", "with", "less", "than", "50", "IE", "unfractionated", "heparin", "at", "day", "36", "after", "trauma", "the", "patient", "developed", "an", "anaphylactic", "shock", ",", "which", "could", "be", "managed", "with", "cortisone", ".", "We", "suggest", "that", "in", "HIT", "the", "thrombocytopenia", "may", "represent", "only", "one", "form", "of", "an", "allergic", "reaction", "to", "heparin", ".", "The", "cause", "of", "the", "thrombembolic", "event", "is", "an", "antigen", "-", "antibody", "reaction", "to", "heparin", "taking", "place", "on", "the", "surface", "of", "the", "thrombocyte", ".", "This", "is", "similar", "in", "all", "forms", "of", "systemic", "reaction", "to", "heparin", "application", ",", "even", "though", "the", "symptoms", "may", "vary", ".", "As", "thrombocytopenia", "may", "not", "be", "the", "main", "symptom", "of", "a", "heparin", "-", "induced", "antibody", "reaction", "-", "in", "our", "hospital", "only", "5", "of", "10", "patients", "with", "HIT", "-", "the", "disease", "should", "rather", "be", "named", "\"", "heparin", "allergy", "\"", ".", "We", "suggest", "a", "new", "classification", "of", "different", "pattern", "of", "heparin", "allergy", "types", "I", "-", "IV", ".", "The", "new", "types", "I", "and", "II", "are", "similar", "to", "HIT", "types", "I", "and", "II", ".", "Type", "III", "is", "the", "reaction", "of", "antibodies", "without", "decrease", "of", "thrombocytes", ",", "and", "type", "IV", "the", "reaction", "of", "antibodies", "associated", "with", "systemic", "allergic", "symptoms", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
tissue is an umlsterm, contusion is an umlsterm, legs is an umlsterm, thrombocytopenia is an umlsterm, thrombosis is an umlsterm, prophylaxis is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, thrombosis is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, allergic reaction is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, thrombocytes is an umlsterm, heparin - dependent is an umlsterm, antibodies is an umlsterm, trauma is an umlsterm, deep vein thrombosis is an umlsterm, leg is an umlsterm, compartment syndrome is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, exanthema is an umlsterm, upper extremities is an umlsterm, urticaria is an umlsterm, face is an umlsterm, headache is an umlsterm, platelet count is an umlsterm, causes is an umlsterm, symptoms is an umlsterm, heparin - dependent is an umlsterm, antibodies is an umlsterm, heparin - platelet - factor is an umlsterm, Thrombosis is an umlsterm, prophylaxis is an umlsterm, hirudin is an umlsterm, thrombocytes is an umlsterm, line is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, trauma is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, anaphylactic shock is an umlsterm, cortisone is an umlsterm, thrombocytopenia is an umlsterm, form is an umlsterm, allergic reaction is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, antigen - antibody reaction is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, thrombocyte is an umlsterm, forms is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, symptoms is an umlsterm, thrombocytopenia is an umlsterm, symptom is an umlsterm, antibody is an umlsterm, hospital is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, allergy is an umlsterm, classification is an umlsterm, heparin is an umlsterm, allergy is an umlsterm, antibodies is an umlsterm, thrombocytes is an umlsterm, antibodies is an umlsterm, symptoms is an umlsterm	DerChirurg.90700588.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: We report a truck driver with severe soft tissue contusion of both legs who developed atypical heparin-induced thrombocytopenia ( HIT ) after a thrombosis prophylaxis with unfractionated heparin ; despite a thrombosis the patient showed a systemic allergic reaction to heparin in combination with elevation of thrombocytes and positive heparin-dependent antibodies . Six days after the initial trauma deep vein thrombosis of the left lower leg was diagnosed and fasciotomy was performed , preventing an imminent compartment syndrome . Another 5 days later the patient developed exanthema of the trunk and upper extremities and urticaria on his face , as well as severe headache . His platelet count increased from 134 000/µl to 258 000/µl. After exclusion of other causes for these symptoms , a reaction to heparin-dependent antibodies ( heparin-platelet-factor 4 complex ) was demonstrated 2 days later . Thrombosis prophylaxis was changed to hirudin ( Refludan ) and elevation of thrombocytes to 445 000/µl was noted . Shortly after rinsing of an intravenous line with less than 50 IE unfractionated heparin at day 36 after trauma the patient developed an anaphylactic shock , which could be managed with cortisone . We suggest that in HIT the thrombocytopenia may represent only one form of an allergic reaction to heparin . The cause of the thrombembolic event is an antigen-antibody reaction to heparin taking place on the surface of the thrombocyte . This is similar in all forms of systemic reaction to heparin application , even though the symptoms may vary . As thrombocytopenia may not be the main symptom of a heparin-induced antibody reaction - in our hospital only 5 of 10 patients with HIT - the disease should rather be named " heparin allergy " . We suggest a new classification of different pattern of heparin allergy types I-IV . The new types I and II are similar to HIT types I and II . Type III is the reaction of antibodies without decrease of thrombocytes , and type IV the reaction of antibodies associated with systemic allergic symptoms . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: tissue, contusion, legs, thrombocytopenia, thrombosis, prophylaxis, heparin, thrombosis, patient, allergic reaction, heparin, thrombocytes, heparin - dependent, antibodies, trauma, deep vein thrombosis, leg, compartment syndrome, patient, exanthema, upper extremities, urticaria, face, headache, platelet count, causes, symptoms, heparin - dependent, antibodies, heparin - platelet - factor, Thrombosis, prophylaxis, hirudin, thrombocytes, line, heparin, trauma, patient, anaphylactic shock, cortisone, thrombocytopenia, form, allergic reaction, heparin, cause, antigen - antibody reaction, heparin, thrombocyte, forms, heparin, symptoms, thrombocytopenia, symptom, antibody, hospital, patients, disease, heparin, allergy, classification, heparin, allergy, antibodies, thrombocytes, antibodies, symptoms Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	We report a truck driver with severe soft tissue contusion of both legs who developed atypical heparin-induced thrombocytopenia ( HIT ) after a thrombosis prophylaxis with unfractionated heparin ; despite a thrombosis the patient showed a systemic allergic reaction to heparin in combination with elevation of thrombocytes and positive heparin-dependent antibodies . Six days after the initial trauma deep vein thrombosis of the left lower leg was diagnosed and fasciotomy was performed , preventing an imminent compartment syndrome . Another 5 days later the patient developed exanthema of the trunk and upper extremities and urticaria on his face , as well as severe headache . His platelet count increased from 134 000/µl to 258 000/µl. After exclusion of other causes for these symptoms , a reaction to heparin-dependent antibodies ( heparin-platelet-factor 4 complex ) was demonstrated 2 days later . Thrombosis prophylaxis was changed to hirudin ( Refludan ) and elevation of thrombocytes to 445 000/µl was noted . Shortly after rinsing of an intravenous line with less than 50 IE unfractionated heparin at day 36 after trauma the patient developed an anaphylactic shock , which could be managed with cortisone . We suggest that in HIT the thrombocytopenia may represent only one form of an allergic reaction to heparin . The cause of the thrombembolic event is an antigen-antibody reaction to heparin taking place on the surface of the thrombocyte . This is similar in all forms of systemic reaction to heparin application , even though the symptoms may vary . As thrombocytopenia may not be the main symptom of a heparin-induced antibody reaction - in our hospital only 5 of 10 patients with HIT - the disease should rather be named " heparin allergy " . We suggest a new classification of different pattern of heparin allergy types I-IV . The new types I and II are similar to HIT types I and II . Type III is the reaction of antibodies without decrease of thrombocytes , and type IV the reaction of antibodies associated with systemic allergic symptoms .	[ "We", "report", "a", "truck", "driver", "with", "severe", "soft", "tissue", "contusion", "of", "both", "legs", "who", "developed", "atypical", "heparin", "-", "induced", "thrombocytopenia", "(", "HIT", ")", "after", "a", "thrombosis", "prophylaxis", "with", "unfractionated", "heparin", ";", "despite", "a", "thrombosis", "the", "patient", "showed", "a", "systemic", "allergic", "reaction", "to", "heparin", "in", "combination", "with", "elevation", "of", "thrombocytes", "and", "positive", "heparin", "-", "dependent", "antibodies", ".", "Six", "days", "after", "the", "initial", "trauma", "deep", "vein", "thrombosis", "of", "the", "left", "lower", "leg", "was", "diagnosed", "and", "fasciotomy", "was", "performed", ",", "preventing", "an", "imminent", "compartment", "syndrome", ".", "Another", "5", "days", "later", "the", "patient", "developed", "exanthema", "of", "the", "trunk", "and", "upper", "extremities", "and", "urticaria", "on", "his", "face", ",", "as", "well", "as", "severe", "headache", ".", "His", "platelet", "count", "increased", "from", "134", "000/µl", "to", "258", "000/µl", ".", "After", "exclusion", "of", "other", "causes", "for", "these", "symptoms", ",", "a", "reaction", "to", "heparin", "-", "dependent", "antibodies", "(", "heparin", "-", "platelet", "-", "factor", "4", "complex", ")", "was", "demonstrated", "2", "days", "later", ".", "Thrombosis", "prophylaxis", "was", "changed", "to", "hirudin", "(", "Refludan", ")", "and", "elevation", "of", "thrombocytes", "to", "445", "000/µl", "was", "noted", ".", "Shortly", "after", "rinsing", "of", "an", "intravenous", "line", "with", "less", "than", "50", "IE", "unfractionated", "heparin", "at", "day", "36", "after", "trauma", "the", "patient", "developed", "an", "anaphylactic", "shock", ",", "which", "could", "be", "managed", "with", "cortisone", ".", "We", "suggest", "that", "in", "HIT", "the", "thrombocytopenia", "may", "represent", "only", "one", "form", "of", "an", "allergic", "reaction", "to", "heparin", ".", "The", "cause", "of", "the", "thrombembolic", "event", "is", "an", "antigen", "-", "antibody", "reaction", "to", "heparin", "taking", "place", "on", "the", "surface", "of", "the", "thrombocyte", ".", "This", "is", "similar", "in", "all", "forms", "of", "systemic", "reaction", "to", "heparin", "application", ",", "even", "though", "the", "symptoms", "may", "vary", ".", "As", "thrombocytopenia", "may", "not", "be", "the", "main", "symptom", "of", "a", "heparin", "-", "induced", "antibody", "reaction", "-", "in", "our", "hospital", "only", "5", "of", "10", "patients", "with", "HIT", "-", "the", "disease", "should", "rather", "be", "named", "\"", "heparin", "allergy", "\"", ".", "We", "suggest", "a", "new", "classification", "of", "different", "pattern", "of", "heparin", "allergy", "types", "I", "-", "IV", ".", "The", "new", "types", "I", "and", "II", "are", "similar", "to", "HIT", "types", "I", "and", "II", ".", "Type", "III", "is", "the", "reaction", "of", "antibodies", "without", "decrease", "of", "thrombocytes", ",", "and", "type", "IV", "the", "reaction", "of", "antibodies", "associated", "with", "systemic", "allergic", "symptoms", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
tissue, contusion, legs, thrombocytopenia, thrombosis, prophylaxis, heparin, thrombosis, patient, allergic reaction, heparin, thrombocytes, heparin - dependent, antibodies, trauma, deep vein thrombosis, leg, compartment syndrome, patient, exanthema, upper extremities, urticaria, face, headache, platelet count, causes, symptoms, heparin - dependent, antibodies, heparin - platelet - factor, Thrombosis, prophylaxis, hirudin, thrombocytes, line, heparin, trauma, patient, anaphylactic shock, cortisone, thrombocytopenia, form, allergic reaction, heparin, cause, antigen - antibody reaction, heparin, thrombocyte, forms, heparin, symptoms, thrombocytopenia, symptom, antibody, hospital, patients, disease, heparin, allergy, classification, heparin, allergy, antibodies, thrombocytes, antibodies, symptoms	DerChirurg.90700588.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: We report a truck driver with severe soft tissue contusion of both legs who developed atypical heparin-induced thrombocytopenia ( HIT ) after a thrombosis prophylaxis with unfractionated heparin ; despite a thrombosis the patient showed a systemic allergic reaction to heparin in combination with elevation of thrombocytes and positive heparin-dependent antibodies . Six days after the initial trauma deep vein thrombosis of the left lower leg was diagnosed and fasciotomy was performed , preventing an imminent compartment syndrome . Another 5 days later the patient developed exanthema of the trunk and upper extremities and urticaria on his face , as well as severe headache . His platelet count increased from 134 000/µl to 258 000/µl. After exclusion of other causes for these symptoms , a reaction to heparin-dependent antibodies ( heparin-platelet-factor 4 complex ) was demonstrated 2 days later . Thrombosis prophylaxis was changed to hirudin ( Refludan ) and elevation of thrombocytes to 445 000/µl was noted . Shortly after rinsing of an intravenous line with less than 50 IE unfractionated heparin at day 36 after trauma the patient developed an anaphylactic shock , which could be managed with cortisone . We suggest that in HIT the thrombocytopenia may represent only one form of an allergic reaction to heparin . The cause of the thrombembolic event is an antigen-antibody reaction to heparin taking place on the surface of the thrombocyte . This is similar in all forms of systemic reaction to heparin application , even though the symptoms may vary . As thrombocytopenia may not be the main symptom of a heparin-induced antibody reaction - in our hospital only 5 of 10 patients with HIT - the disease should rather be named " heparin allergy " . We suggest a new classification of different pattern of heparin allergy types I-IV . The new types I and II are similar to HIT types I and II . Type III is the reaction of antibodies without decrease of thrombocytes , and type IV the reaction of antibodies associated with systemic allergic symptoms . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	We report a truck driver with severe soft tissue contusion of both legs who developed atypical heparin-induced thrombocytopenia ( HIT ) after a thrombosis prophylaxis with unfractionated heparin ; despite a thrombosis the patient showed a systemic allergic reaction to heparin in combination with elevation of thrombocytes and positive heparin-dependent antibodies . Six days after the initial trauma deep vein thrombosis of the left lower leg was diagnosed and fasciotomy was performed , preventing an imminent compartment syndrome . Another 5 days later the patient developed exanthema of the trunk and upper extremities and urticaria on his face , as well as severe headache . His platelet count increased from 134 000/µl to 258 000/µl. After exclusion of other causes for these symptoms , a reaction to heparin-dependent antibodies ( heparin-platelet-factor 4 complex ) was demonstrated 2 days later . Thrombosis prophylaxis was changed to hirudin ( Refludan ) and elevation of thrombocytes to 445 000/µl was noted . Shortly after rinsing of an intravenous line with less than 50 IE unfractionated heparin at day 36 after trauma the patient developed an anaphylactic shock , which could be managed with cortisone . We suggest that in HIT the thrombocytopenia may represent only one form of an allergic reaction to heparin . The cause of the thrombembolic event is an antigen-antibody reaction to heparin taking place on the surface of the thrombocyte . This is similar in all forms of systemic reaction to heparin application , even though the symptoms may vary . As thrombocytopenia may not be the main symptom of a heparin-induced antibody reaction - in our hospital only 5 of 10 patients with HIT - the disease should rather be named " heparin allergy " . We suggest a new classification of different pattern of heparin allergy types I-IV . The new types I and II are similar to HIT types I and II . Type III is the reaction of antibodies without decrease of thrombocytes , and type IV the reaction of antibodies associated with systemic allergic symptoms .	[ "We", "report", "a", "truck", "driver", "with", "severe", "soft", "tissue", "contusion", "of", "both", "legs", "who", "developed", "atypical", "heparin", "-", "induced", "thrombocytopenia", "(", "HIT", ")", "after", "a", "thrombosis", "prophylaxis", "with", "unfractionated", "heparin", ";", "despite", "a", "thrombosis", "the", "patient", "showed", "a", "systemic", "allergic", "reaction", "to", "heparin", "in", "combination", "with", "elevation", "of", "thrombocytes", "and", "positive", "heparin", "-", "dependent", "antibodies", ".", "Six", "days", "after", "the", "initial", "trauma", "deep", "vein", "thrombosis", "of", "the", "left", "lower", "leg", "was", "diagnosed", "and", "fasciotomy", "was", "performed", ",", "preventing", "an", "imminent", "compartment", "syndrome", ".", "Another", "5", "days", "later", "the", "patient", "developed", "exanthema", "of", "the", "trunk", "and", "upper", "extremities", "and", "urticaria", "on", "his", "face", ",", "as", "well", "as", "severe", "headache", ".", "His", "platelet", "count", "increased", "from", "134", "000/µl", "to", "258", "000/µl", ".", "After", "exclusion", "of", "other", "causes", "for", "these", "symptoms", ",", "a", "reaction", "to", "heparin", "-", "dependent", "antibodies", "(", "heparin", "-", "platelet", "-", "factor", "4", "complex", ")", "was", "demonstrated", "2", "days", "later", ".", "Thrombosis", "prophylaxis", "was", "changed", "to", "hirudin", "(", "Refludan", ")", "and", "elevation", "of", "thrombocytes", "to", "445", "000/µl", "was", "noted", ".", "Shortly", "after", "rinsing", "of", "an", "intravenous", "line", "with", "less", "than", "50", "IE", "unfractionated", "heparin", "at", "day", "36", "after", "trauma", "the", "patient", "developed", "an", "anaphylactic", "shock", ",", "which", "could", "be", "managed", "with", "cortisone", ".", "We", "suggest", "that", "in", "HIT", "the", "thrombocytopenia", "may", "represent", "only", "one", "form", "of", "an", "allergic", "reaction", "to", "heparin", ".", "The", "cause", "of", "the", "thrombembolic", "event", "is", "an", "antigen", "-", "antibody", "reaction", "to", "heparin", "taking", "place", "on", "the", "surface", "of", "the", "thrombocyte", ".", "This", "is", "similar", "in", "all", "forms", "of", "systemic", "reaction", "to", "heparin", "application", ",", "even", "though", "the", "symptoms", "may", "vary", ".", "As", "thrombocytopenia", "may", "not", "be", "the", "main", "symptom", "of", "a", "heparin", "-", "induced", "antibody", "reaction", "-", "in", "our", "hospital", "only", "5", "of", "10", "patients", "with", "HIT", "-", "the", "disease", "should", "rather", "be", "named", "\"", "heparin", "allergy", "\"", ".", "We", "suggest", "a", "new", "classification", "of", "different", "pattern", "of", "heparin", "allergy", "types", "I", "-", "IV", ".", "The", "new", "types", "I", "and", "II", "are", "similar", "to", "HIT", "types", "I", "and", "II", ".", "Type", "III", "is", "the", "reaction", "of", "antibodies", "without", "decrease", "of", "thrombocytes", ",", "and", "type", "IV", "the", "reaction", "of", "antibodies", "associated", "with", "systemic", "allergic", "symptoms", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
kuenstliche Herz is an umlsterm, Herztransplantation is an umlsterm, Herzversagen is an umlsterm, Myokarditis is an umlsterm	Psychotherapeut.90440116.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Das kuenstliche Herz " " wird neben dem bridging bis zur geplanten Herztransplantation zunehmend auch zur voruebergehenden Unterstuetzung bei akutem Herzversagen durch Myokarditis eingesetzt . Am Beispiel einer 30jaehrigen Patientin , die 17 Tage auf Intensivstation an den sog . ventricular assist device . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Das kuenstliche Herz " " wird neben dem bridging bis zur geplanten Herztransplantation zunehmend auch zur voruebergehenden Unterstuetzung bei akutem Herzversagen durch Myokarditis eingesetzt . Am Beispiel einer 30jaehrigen Patientin , die 17 Tage auf Intensivstation an den sog . ventricular assist device .	[ "Das", "kuenstliche", "Herz", "\"", "\"", "wird", "neben", "dem", "bridging", "bis", "zur", "geplanten", "Herztransplantation", "zunehmend", "auch", "zur", "voruebergehenden", "Unterstuetzung", "bei", "akutem", "Herzversagen", "durch", "Myokarditis", "eingesetzt", ".", "Am", "Beispiel", "einer", "30jaehrigen", "Patientin", ",", "die", "17", "Tage", "auf", "Intensivstation", "an", "den", "sog", ".", "ventricular", "assist", "device", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
kuenstliche Herz is an umlsterm, Herztransplantation is an umlsterm, Herzversagen is an umlsterm, Myokarditis is an umlsterm	Psychotherapeut.90440116.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Das kuenstliche Herz " " wird neben dem bridging bis zur geplanten Herztransplantation zunehmend auch zur voruebergehenden Unterstuetzung bei akutem Herzversagen durch Myokarditis eingesetzt . Am Beispiel einer 30jaehrigen Patientin , die 17 Tage auf Intensivstation an den sog . ventricular assist device . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: kuenstliche Herz, Herztransplantation, Herzversagen, Myokarditis Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Das kuenstliche Herz " " wird neben dem bridging bis zur geplanten Herztransplantation zunehmend auch zur voruebergehenden Unterstuetzung bei akutem Herzversagen durch Myokarditis eingesetzt . Am Beispiel einer 30jaehrigen Patientin , die 17 Tage auf Intensivstation an den sog . ventricular assist device .	[ "Das", "kuenstliche", "Herz", "\"", "\"", "wird", "neben", "dem", "bridging", "bis", "zur", "geplanten", "Herztransplantation", "zunehmend", "auch", "zur", "voruebergehenden", "Unterstuetzung", "bei", "akutem", "Herzversagen", "durch", "Myokarditis", "eingesetzt", ".", "Am", "Beispiel", "einer", "30jaehrigen", "Patientin", ",", "die", "17", "Tage", "auf", "Intensivstation", "an", "den", "sog", ".", "ventricular", "assist", "device", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
kuenstliche Herz, Herztransplantation, Herzversagen, Myokarditis	Psychotherapeut.90440116.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Das kuenstliche Herz " " wird neben dem bridging bis zur geplanten Herztransplantation zunehmend auch zur voruebergehenden Unterstuetzung bei akutem Herzversagen durch Myokarditis eingesetzt . Am Beispiel einer 30jaehrigen Patientin , die 17 Tage auf Intensivstation an den sog . ventricular assist device . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Das kuenstliche Herz " " wird neben dem bridging bis zur geplanten Herztransplantation zunehmend auch zur voruebergehenden Unterstuetzung bei akutem Herzversagen durch Myokarditis eingesetzt . Am Beispiel einer 30jaehrigen Patientin , die 17 Tage auf Intensivstation an den sog . ventricular assist device .	[ "Das", "kuenstliche", "Herz", "\"", "\"", "wird", "neben", "dem", "bridging", "bis", "zur", "geplanten", "Herztransplantation", "zunehmend", "auch", "zur", "voruebergehenden", "Unterstuetzung", "bei", "akutem", "Herzversagen", "durch", "Myokarditis", "eingesetzt", ".", "Am", "Beispiel", "einer", "30jaehrigen", "Patientin", ",", "die", "17", "Tage", "auf", "Intensivstation", "an", "den", "sog", ".", "ventricular", "assist", "device", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
NMDA is a CHEMICAL, pregnenolone sulphate is a CHEMICAL, NMDA receptors is a GENE-N, sulphated steroids is a CHEMICAL	11861317_task0	Sentence: Inhibition of the NMDA response by pregnenolone sulphate reveals subtype selective modulation of NMDA receptors by sulphated steroids. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O" ]	Inhibition of the NMDA response by pregnenolone sulphate reveals subtype selective modulation of NMDA receptors by sulphated steroids.	[ "Inhibition", "of", "the", "NMDA", "response", "by", "pregnenolone", "sulphate", "reveals", "subtype", "selective", "modulation", "of", "NMDA", "receptors", "by", "sulphated", "steroids", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]
NMDA is a CHEMICAL, pregnenolone sulphate is a CHEMICAL, NMDA receptors is a GENE-N, sulphated steroids is a CHEMICAL	11861317_task1	Sentence: Inhibition of the NMDA response by pregnenolone sulphate reveals subtype selective modulation of NMDA receptors by sulphated steroids. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: NMDA, pregnenolone sulphate, NMDA receptors, sulphated steroids Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O" ]	Inhibition of the NMDA response by pregnenolone sulphate reveals subtype selective modulation of NMDA receptors by sulphated steroids.	[ "Inhibition", "of", "the", "NMDA", "response", "by", "pregnenolone", "sulphate", "reveals", "subtype", "selective", "modulation", "of", "NMDA", "receptors", "by", "sulphated", "steroids", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]
NMDA, pregnenolone sulphate, NMDA receptors, sulphated steroids	11861317_task2	Sentence: Inhibition of the NMDA response by pregnenolone sulphate reveals subtype selective modulation of NMDA receptors by sulphated steroids. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O" ]	Inhibition of the NMDA response by pregnenolone sulphate reveals subtype selective modulation of NMDA receptors by sulphated steroids.	[ "Inhibition", "of", "the", "NMDA", "response", "by", "pregnenolone", "sulphate", "reveals", "subtype", "selective", "modulation", "of", "NMDA", "receptors", "by", "sulphated", "steroids", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]
Syndrome is an umlsterm, Rolle is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Makrophagen is an umlsterm, T - Lymphozyten is an umlsterm, Ruptur is an umlsterm, Entzuendung is an umlsterm, Beobachtungen is an umlsterm, Neutrophile is an umlsterm, Lymphozyten is an umlsterm, Monozyten is an umlsterm, Konzentrationen is an umlsterm, Interleukin is an umlsterm, Akutphaseproteinen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Myokardinfarkt is an umlsterm, Protein is an umlsterm, Risiko is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Mortalitaet is an umlsterm, Myokardinfarkt is an umlsterm, Personen is an umlsterm, Entzuendung is an umlsterm, Endothelaktivierung is an umlsterm, Infarkt is an umlsterm, Entzuendung is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Koronarsyndromen is an umlsterm	Herz.00250108.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Das Auftreten von entzuendlichen Infiltraten in instabilen Koronarplaques deutet darauf hin , dass Entzuendungsvorgaenge bei der Pathogenese dieser Syndrome eine Rolle spielen . Bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina befinden sich in atherosklerotischen Plaques der Koronarien Makrophagen und in geringerem Umfang auch T-Lymphozyten im unmittelbaren Umfeld einer Plaqueruptur oder einer oberflaechlichen Erosion . Weiterhin kommt es nach einer Ruptur zur Aktivierung von Entzuendungsquellen , die auf eine bestehende Entzuendung am Ort der Plaqueruptur hinweisen . Diese Beobachtungen werden durch klinische Studien bestaetigt , die aktivierte zirkulierende Neutrophile , Lymphozyten , Monozyten und erhoehte Konzentrationen von proinflammatorischen Zytokinen wie Interleukin ( IL 1 und 6 und Akutphaseproteinen ) bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina und Myokardinfarkt beschrieben . Vor allem gehen erhoehte Spiegel von C-reaktivem Protein mit einem gesteigerten Risiko von Hospitalisierung sowie der Ein- und Zwei-Jahres-Inzidenz von Koronarereignissen bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina einher . Weiterhin ist das Langzeitrisiko von Mortalitaet und Myokardinfarkt bei als gesund eingestuften Personen erhoeht . Es gibt daher zunehmend mehr Hinweise , dass eine Entzuendung eine lokale Endothelaktivierung ausloesen kann und moeglicherweise zu einer Plaqueruptur und damit zu instabiler Angina und Infarkt fuehren kann . Obwohl die Ursachen einer Entzuendung und ihrer Lokalisation noch nicht bekannt sind , koennten diese Untersuchungen zu einem neuen Ansatz bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit Koronarsyndromen fuehren . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	Das Auftreten von entzuendlichen Infiltraten in instabilen Koronarplaques deutet darauf hin , dass Entzuendungsvorgaenge bei der Pathogenese dieser Syndrome eine Rolle spielen . Bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina befinden sich in atherosklerotischen Plaques der Koronarien Makrophagen und in geringerem Umfang auch T-Lymphozyten im unmittelbaren Umfeld einer Plaqueruptur oder einer oberflaechlichen Erosion . Weiterhin kommt es nach einer Ruptur zur Aktivierung von Entzuendungsquellen , die auf eine bestehende Entzuendung am Ort der Plaqueruptur hinweisen . Diese Beobachtungen werden durch klinische Studien bestaetigt , die aktivierte zirkulierende Neutrophile , Lymphozyten , Monozyten und erhoehte Konzentrationen von proinflammatorischen Zytokinen wie Interleukin ( IL 1 und 6 und Akutphaseproteinen ) bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina und Myokardinfarkt beschrieben . Vor allem gehen erhoehte Spiegel von C-reaktivem Protein mit einem gesteigerten Risiko von Hospitalisierung sowie der Ein- und Zwei-Jahres-Inzidenz von Koronarereignissen bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina einher . Weiterhin ist das Langzeitrisiko von Mortalitaet und Myokardinfarkt bei als gesund eingestuften Personen erhoeht . Es gibt daher zunehmend mehr Hinweise , dass eine Entzuendung eine lokale Endothelaktivierung ausloesen kann und moeglicherweise zu einer Plaqueruptur und damit zu instabiler Angina und Infarkt fuehren kann . Obwohl die Ursachen einer Entzuendung und ihrer Lokalisation noch nicht bekannt sind , koennten diese Untersuchungen zu einem neuen Ansatz bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit Koronarsyndromen fuehren .	[ "Das", "Auftreten", "von", "entzuendlichen", "Infiltraten", "in", "instabilen", "Koronarplaques", "deutet", "darauf", "hin", ",", "dass", "Entzuendungsvorgaenge", "bei", "der", "Pathogenese", "dieser", "Syndrome", "eine", "Rolle", "spielen", ".", "Bei", "Patienten", "mit", "instabiler", "Angina", "befinden", "sich", "in", "atherosklerotischen", "Plaques", "der", "Koronarien", "Makrophagen", "und", "in", "geringerem", "Umfang", "auch", "T", "-", "Lymphozyten", "im", "unmittelbaren", "Umfeld", "einer", "Plaqueruptur", "oder", "einer", "oberflaechlichen", "Erosion", ".", "Weiterhin", "kommt", "es", "nach", "einer", "Ruptur", "zur", "Aktivierung", "von", "Entzuendungsquellen", ",", "die", "auf", "eine", "bestehende", "Entzuendung", "am", "Ort", "der", "Plaqueruptur", "hinweisen", ".", "Diese", "Beobachtungen", "werden", "durch", "klinische", "Studien", "bestaetigt", ",", "die", "aktivierte", "zirkulierende", "Neutrophile", ",", "Lymphozyten", ",", "Monozyten", "und", "erhoehte", "Konzentrationen", "von", "proinflammatorischen", "Zytokinen", "wie", "Interleukin", "(", "IL", "1", "und", "6", "und", "Akutphaseproteinen", ")", "bei", "Patienten", "mit", "instabiler", "Angina", "und", "Myokardinfarkt", "beschrieben", ".", "Vor", "allem", "gehen", "erhoehte", "Spiegel", "von", "C", "-", "reaktivem", "Protein", "mit", "einem", "gesteigerten", "Risiko", "von", "Hospitalisierung", "sowie", "der", "Ein-", "und", "Zwei", "-", "Jahres", "-", "Inzidenz", "von", "Koronarereignissen", "bei", "Patienten", "mit", "instabiler", "Angina", "einher", ".", "Weiterhin", "ist", "das", "Langzeitrisiko", "von", "Mortalitaet", "und", "Myokardinfarkt", "bei", "als", "gesund", "eingestuften", "Personen", "erhoeht", ".", "Es", "gibt", "daher", "zunehmend", "mehr", "Hinweise", ",", "dass", "eine", "Entzuendung", "eine", "lokale", "Endothelaktivierung", "ausloesen", "kann", "und", "moeglicherweise", "zu", "einer", "Plaqueruptur", "und", "damit", "zu", "instabiler", "Angina", "und", "Infarkt", "fuehren", "kann", ".", "Obwohl", "die", "Ursachen", "einer", "Entzuendung", "und", "ihrer", "Lokalisation", "noch", "nicht", "bekannt", "sind", ",", "koennten", "diese", "Untersuchungen", "zu", "einem", "neuen", "Ansatz", "bei", "der", "Behandlung", "von", "Patienten", "mit", "Koronarsyndromen", "fuehren", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Syndrome is an umlsterm, Rolle is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Makrophagen is an umlsterm, T - Lymphozyten is an umlsterm, Ruptur is an umlsterm, Entzuendung is an umlsterm, Beobachtungen is an umlsterm, Neutrophile is an umlsterm, Lymphozyten is an umlsterm, Monozyten is an umlsterm, Konzentrationen is an umlsterm, Interleukin is an umlsterm, Akutphaseproteinen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Myokardinfarkt is an umlsterm, Protein is an umlsterm, Risiko is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Mortalitaet is an umlsterm, Myokardinfarkt is an umlsterm, Personen is an umlsterm, Entzuendung is an umlsterm, Endothelaktivierung is an umlsterm, Infarkt is an umlsterm, Entzuendung is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Koronarsyndromen is an umlsterm	Herz.00250108.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Das Auftreten von entzuendlichen Infiltraten in instabilen Koronarplaques deutet darauf hin , dass Entzuendungsvorgaenge bei der Pathogenese dieser Syndrome eine Rolle spielen . Bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina befinden sich in atherosklerotischen Plaques der Koronarien Makrophagen und in geringerem Umfang auch T-Lymphozyten im unmittelbaren Umfeld einer Plaqueruptur oder einer oberflaechlichen Erosion . Weiterhin kommt es nach einer Ruptur zur Aktivierung von Entzuendungsquellen , die auf eine bestehende Entzuendung am Ort der Plaqueruptur hinweisen . Diese Beobachtungen werden durch klinische Studien bestaetigt , die aktivierte zirkulierende Neutrophile , Lymphozyten , Monozyten und erhoehte Konzentrationen von proinflammatorischen Zytokinen wie Interleukin ( IL 1 und 6 und Akutphaseproteinen ) bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina und Myokardinfarkt beschrieben . Vor allem gehen erhoehte Spiegel von C-reaktivem Protein mit einem gesteigerten Risiko von Hospitalisierung sowie der Ein- und Zwei-Jahres-Inzidenz von Koronarereignissen bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina einher . Weiterhin ist das Langzeitrisiko von Mortalitaet und Myokardinfarkt bei als gesund eingestuften Personen erhoeht . Es gibt daher zunehmend mehr Hinweise , dass eine Entzuendung eine lokale Endothelaktivierung ausloesen kann und moeglicherweise zu einer Plaqueruptur und damit zu instabiler Angina und Infarkt fuehren kann . Obwohl die Ursachen einer Entzuendung und ihrer Lokalisation noch nicht bekannt sind , koennten diese Untersuchungen zu einem neuen Ansatz bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit Koronarsyndromen fuehren . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Syndrome, Rolle, Patienten, Makrophagen, T - Lymphozyten, Ruptur, Entzuendung, Beobachtungen, Neutrophile, Lymphozyten, Monozyten, Konzentrationen, Interleukin, Akutphaseproteinen, Patienten, Myokardinfarkt, Protein, Risiko, Patienten, Mortalitaet, Myokardinfarkt, Personen, Entzuendung, Endothelaktivierung, Infarkt, Entzuendung, Behandlung, Patienten, Koronarsyndromen Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	Das Auftreten von entzuendlichen Infiltraten in instabilen Koronarplaques deutet darauf hin , dass Entzuendungsvorgaenge bei der Pathogenese dieser Syndrome eine Rolle spielen . Bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina befinden sich in atherosklerotischen Plaques der Koronarien Makrophagen und in geringerem Umfang auch T-Lymphozyten im unmittelbaren Umfeld einer Plaqueruptur oder einer oberflaechlichen Erosion . Weiterhin kommt es nach einer Ruptur zur Aktivierung von Entzuendungsquellen , die auf eine bestehende Entzuendung am Ort der Plaqueruptur hinweisen . Diese Beobachtungen werden durch klinische Studien bestaetigt , die aktivierte zirkulierende Neutrophile , Lymphozyten , Monozyten und erhoehte Konzentrationen von proinflammatorischen Zytokinen wie Interleukin ( IL 1 und 6 und Akutphaseproteinen ) bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina und Myokardinfarkt beschrieben . Vor allem gehen erhoehte Spiegel von C-reaktivem Protein mit einem gesteigerten Risiko von Hospitalisierung sowie der Ein- und Zwei-Jahres-Inzidenz von Koronarereignissen bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina einher . Weiterhin ist das Langzeitrisiko von Mortalitaet und Myokardinfarkt bei als gesund eingestuften Personen erhoeht . Es gibt daher zunehmend mehr Hinweise , dass eine Entzuendung eine lokale Endothelaktivierung ausloesen kann und moeglicherweise zu einer Plaqueruptur und damit zu instabiler Angina und Infarkt fuehren kann . Obwohl die Ursachen einer Entzuendung und ihrer Lokalisation noch nicht bekannt sind , koennten diese Untersuchungen zu einem neuen Ansatz bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit Koronarsyndromen fuehren .	[ "Das", "Auftreten", "von", "entzuendlichen", "Infiltraten", "in", "instabilen", "Koronarplaques", "deutet", "darauf", "hin", ",", "dass", "Entzuendungsvorgaenge", "bei", "der", "Pathogenese", "dieser", "Syndrome", "eine", "Rolle", "spielen", ".", "Bei", "Patienten", "mit", "instabiler", "Angina", "befinden", "sich", "in", "atherosklerotischen", "Plaques", "der", "Koronarien", "Makrophagen", "und", "in", "geringerem", "Umfang", "auch", "T", "-", "Lymphozyten", "im", "unmittelbaren", "Umfeld", "einer", "Plaqueruptur", "oder", "einer", "oberflaechlichen", "Erosion", ".", "Weiterhin", "kommt", "es", "nach", "einer", "Ruptur", "zur", "Aktivierung", "von", "Entzuendungsquellen", ",", "die", "auf", "eine", "bestehende", "Entzuendung", "am", "Ort", "der", "Plaqueruptur", "hinweisen", ".", "Diese", "Beobachtungen", "werden", "durch", "klinische", "Studien", "bestaetigt", ",", "die", "aktivierte", "zirkulierende", "Neutrophile", ",", "Lymphozyten", ",", "Monozyten", "und", "erhoehte", "Konzentrationen", "von", "proinflammatorischen", "Zytokinen", "wie", "Interleukin", "(", "IL", "1", "und", "6", "und", "Akutphaseproteinen", ")", "bei", "Patienten", "mit", "instabiler", "Angina", "und", "Myokardinfarkt", "beschrieben", ".", "Vor", "allem", "gehen", "erhoehte", "Spiegel", "von", "C", "-", "reaktivem", "Protein", "mit", "einem", "gesteigerten", "Risiko", "von", "Hospitalisierung", "sowie", "der", "Ein-", "und", "Zwei", "-", "Jahres", "-", "Inzidenz", "von", "Koronarereignissen", "bei", "Patienten", "mit", "instabiler", "Angina", "einher", ".", "Weiterhin", "ist", "das", "Langzeitrisiko", "von", "Mortalitaet", "und", "Myokardinfarkt", "bei", "als", "gesund", "eingestuften", "Personen", "erhoeht", ".", "Es", "gibt", "daher", "zunehmend", "mehr", "Hinweise", ",", "dass", "eine", "Entzuendung", "eine", "lokale", "Endothelaktivierung", "ausloesen", "kann", "und", "moeglicherweise", "zu", "einer", "Plaqueruptur", "und", "damit", "zu", "instabiler", "Angina", "und", "Infarkt", "fuehren", "kann", ".", "Obwohl", "die", "Ursachen", "einer", "Entzuendung", "und", "ihrer", "Lokalisation", "noch", "nicht", "bekannt", "sind", ",", "koennten", "diese", "Untersuchungen", "zu", "einem", "neuen", "Ansatz", "bei", "der", "Behandlung", "von", "Patienten", "mit", "Koronarsyndromen", "fuehren", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Syndrome, Rolle, Patienten, Makrophagen, T - Lymphozyten, Ruptur, Entzuendung, Beobachtungen, Neutrophile, Lymphozyten, Monozyten, Konzentrationen, Interleukin, Akutphaseproteinen, Patienten, Myokardinfarkt, Protein, Risiko, Patienten, Mortalitaet, Myokardinfarkt, Personen, Entzuendung, Endothelaktivierung, Infarkt, Entzuendung, Behandlung, Patienten, Koronarsyndromen	Herz.00250108.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Das Auftreten von entzuendlichen Infiltraten in instabilen Koronarplaques deutet darauf hin , dass Entzuendungsvorgaenge bei der Pathogenese dieser Syndrome eine Rolle spielen . Bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina befinden sich in atherosklerotischen Plaques der Koronarien Makrophagen und in geringerem Umfang auch T-Lymphozyten im unmittelbaren Umfeld einer Plaqueruptur oder einer oberflaechlichen Erosion . Weiterhin kommt es nach einer Ruptur zur Aktivierung von Entzuendungsquellen , die auf eine bestehende Entzuendung am Ort der Plaqueruptur hinweisen . Diese Beobachtungen werden durch klinische Studien bestaetigt , die aktivierte zirkulierende Neutrophile , Lymphozyten , Monozyten und erhoehte Konzentrationen von proinflammatorischen Zytokinen wie Interleukin ( IL 1 und 6 und Akutphaseproteinen ) bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina und Myokardinfarkt beschrieben . Vor allem gehen erhoehte Spiegel von C-reaktivem Protein mit einem gesteigerten Risiko von Hospitalisierung sowie der Ein- und Zwei-Jahres-Inzidenz von Koronarereignissen bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina einher . Weiterhin ist das Langzeitrisiko von Mortalitaet und Myokardinfarkt bei als gesund eingestuften Personen erhoeht . Es gibt daher zunehmend mehr Hinweise , dass eine Entzuendung eine lokale Endothelaktivierung ausloesen kann und moeglicherweise zu einer Plaqueruptur und damit zu instabiler Angina und Infarkt fuehren kann . Obwohl die Ursachen einer Entzuendung und ihrer Lokalisation noch nicht bekannt sind , koennten diese Untersuchungen zu einem neuen Ansatz bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit Koronarsyndromen fuehren . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	Das Auftreten von entzuendlichen Infiltraten in instabilen Koronarplaques deutet darauf hin , dass Entzuendungsvorgaenge bei der Pathogenese dieser Syndrome eine Rolle spielen . Bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina befinden sich in atherosklerotischen Plaques der Koronarien Makrophagen und in geringerem Umfang auch T-Lymphozyten im unmittelbaren Umfeld einer Plaqueruptur oder einer oberflaechlichen Erosion . Weiterhin kommt es nach einer Ruptur zur Aktivierung von Entzuendungsquellen , die auf eine bestehende Entzuendung am Ort der Plaqueruptur hinweisen . Diese Beobachtungen werden durch klinische Studien bestaetigt , die aktivierte zirkulierende Neutrophile , Lymphozyten , Monozyten und erhoehte Konzentrationen von proinflammatorischen Zytokinen wie Interleukin ( IL 1 und 6 und Akutphaseproteinen ) bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina und Myokardinfarkt beschrieben . Vor allem gehen erhoehte Spiegel von C-reaktivem Protein mit einem gesteigerten Risiko von Hospitalisierung sowie der Ein- und Zwei-Jahres-Inzidenz von Koronarereignissen bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina einher . Weiterhin ist das Langzeitrisiko von Mortalitaet und Myokardinfarkt bei als gesund eingestuften Personen erhoeht . Es gibt daher zunehmend mehr Hinweise , dass eine Entzuendung eine lokale Endothelaktivierung ausloesen kann und moeglicherweise zu einer Plaqueruptur und damit zu instabiler Angina und Infarkt fuehren kann . Obwohl die Ursachen einer Entzuendung und ihrer Lokalisation noch nicht bekannt sind , koennten diese Untersuchungen zu einem neuen Ansatz bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit Koronarsyndromen fuehren .	[ "Das", "Auftreten", "von", "entzuendlichen", "Infiltraten", "in", "instabilen", "Koronarplaques", "deutet", "darauf", "hin", ",", "dass", "Entzuendungsvorgaenge", "bei", "der", "Pathogenese", "dieser", "Syndrome", "eine", "Rolle", "spielen", ".", "Bei", "Patienten", "mit", "instabiler", "Angina", "befinden", "sich", "in", "atherosklerotischen", "Plaques", "der", "Koronarien", "Makrophagen", "und", "in", "geringerem", "Umfang", "auch", "T", "-", "Lymphozyten", "im", "unmittelbaren", "Umfeld", "einer", "Plaqueruptur", "oder", "einer", "oberflaechlichen", "Erosion", ".", "Weiterhin", "kommt", "es", "nach", "einer", "Ruptur", "zur", "Aktivierung", "von", "Entzuendungsquellen", ",", "die", "auf", "eine", "bestehende", "Entzuendung", "am", "Ort", "der", "Plaqueruptur", "hinweisen", ".", "Diese", "Beobachtungen", "werden", "durch", "klinische", "Studien", "bestaetigt", ",", "die", "aktivierte", "zirkulierende", "Neutrophile", ",", "Lymphozyten", ",", "Monozyten", "und", "erhoehte", "Konzentrationen", "von", "proinflammatorischen", "Zytokinen", "wie", "Interleukin", "(", "IL", "1", "und", "6", "und", "Akutphaseproteinen", ")", "bei", "Patienten", "mit", "instabiler", "Angina", "und", "Myokardinfarkt", "beschrieben", ".", "Vor", "allem", "gehen", "erhoehte", "Spiegel", "von", "C", "-", "reaktivem", "Protein", "mit", "einem", "gesteigerten", "Risiko", "von", "Hospitalisierung", "sowie", "der", "Ein-", "und", "Zwei", "-", "Jahres", "-", "Inzidenz", "von", "Koronarereignissen", "bei", "Patienten", "mit", "instabiler", "Angina", "einher", ".", "Weiterhin", "ist", "das", "Langzeitrisiko", "von", "Mortalitaet", "und", "Myokardinfarkt", "bei", "als", "gesund", "eingestuften", "Personen", "erhoeht", ".", "Es", "gibt", "daher", "zunehmend", "mehr", "Hinweise", ",", "dass", "eine", "Entzuendung", "eine", "lokale", "Endothelaktivierung", "ausloesen", "kann", "und", "moeglicherweise", "zu", "einer", "Plaqueruptur", "und", "damit", "zu", "instabiler", "Angina", "und", "Infarkt", "fuehren", "kann", ".", "Obwohl", "die", "Ursachen", "einer", "Entzuendung", "und", "ihrer", "Lokalisation", "noch", "nicht", "bekannt", "sind", ",", "koennten", "diese", "Untersuchungen", "zu", "einem", "neuen", "Ansatz", "bei", "der", "Behandlung", "von", "Patienten", "mit", "Koronarsyndromen", "fuehren", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
patients is an umlsterm, infections is an umlsterm, bone is an umlsterm, tissues is an umlsterm, osteomyelitis is an umlsterm, wounds is an umlsterm, Polyvinylalcohol is an umlsterm, drainage is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, debridement is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, film is an umlsterm, vacuum is an umlsterm, vacuum is an umlsterm, sponge is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, times is an umlsterm, vacuum is an umlsterm, line is an umlsterm, antiseptic is an umlsterm, antibiotic is an umlsterm, solution is an umlsterm, vacuum is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, drug instillation is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, secondary is an umlsterm, skin grafting is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, infection is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, osteomyelitis is an umlsterm	DerUnfallchirurg.81010649.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Between 1.4.96 and 1.3.97 27 patients with acute infections of bone and soft tissues ( n = 13 ) , chronic osteomyelitis ( n = 8 ) , and chronic wounds ( n = 6 ) were treated by using Instillation-Vacuum-Sealing . Polyvinylalcohol sponges with drainage tubes were used to cover the internal or external wound surfaces which resulted from surgical debridement . Having hermetically covered the wound with a transparent film dressing a vacuum source generated a partial vacuum in the sponge which was modified according to the type of wound between 20 and 80 kPa . Several times daily , the vacuum line was blocked and , in an alternating fashion , antiseptic or antibiotic solution instilled for 30 minutes . Then , the vacuum was reestablished and the fluids drained from the wound . Seven days later , intermittent drug instillation was stopped and there was either immediate or delayed wound closure by secondary suturing ( n = 22 ) , skin grafting ( n = 3 ) or spontaneous epithelialization ( n = 2 ) . During a follow-up from the beginning of the instillation treatment of 4,2 ( 3-14 ) months there was one recurrency of infection in a patient with chronic osteomyelitis . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Between 1.4.96 and 1.3.97 27 patients with acute infections of bone and soft tissues ( n = 13 ) , chronic osteomyelitis ( n = 8 ) , and chronic wounds ( n = 6 ) were treated by using Instillation-Vacuum-Sealing . Polyvinylalcohol sponges with drainage tubes were used to cover the internal or external wound surfaces which resulted from surgical debridement . Having hermetically covered the wound with a transparent film dressing a vacuum source generated a partial vacuum in the sponge which was modified according to the type of wound between 20 and 80 kPa . Several times daily , the vacuum line was blocked and , in an alternating fashion , antiseptic or antibiotic solution instilled for 30 minutes . Then , the vacuum was reestablished and the fluids drained from the wound . Seven days later , intermittent drug instillation was stopped and there was either immediate or delayed wound closure by secondary suturing ( n = 22 ) , skin grafting ( n = 3 ) or spontaneous epithelialization ( n = 2 ) . During a follow-up from the beginning of the instillation treatment of 4,2 ( 3-14 ) months there was one recurrency of infection in a patient with chronic osteomyelitis .	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patients is an umlsterm, infections is an umlsterm, bone is an umlsterm, tissues is an umlsterm, osteomyelitis is an umlsterm, wounds is an umlsterm, Polyvinylalcohol is an umlsterm, drainage is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, debridement is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, film is an umlsterm, vacuum is an umlsterm, vacuum is an umlsterm, sponge is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, times is an umlsterm, vacuum is an umlsterm, line is an umlsterm, antiseptic is an umlsterm, antibiotic is an umlsterm, solution is an umlsterm, vacuum is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, drug instillation is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, secondary is an umlsterm, skin grafting is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, infection is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, osteomyelitis is an umlsterm	DerUnfallchirurg.81010649.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Between 1.4.96 and 1.3.97 27 patients with acute infections of bone and soft tissues ( n = 13 ) , chronic osteomyelitis ( n = 8 ) , and chronic wounds ( n = 6 ) were treated by using Instillation-Vacuum-Sealing . Polyvinylalcohol sponges with drainage tubes were used to cover the internal or external wound surfaces which resulted from surgical debridement . Having hermetically covered the wound with a transparent film dressing a vacuum source generated a partial vacuum in the sponge which was modified according to the type of wound between 20 and 80 kPa . Several times daily , the vacuum line was blocked and , in an alternating fashion , antiseptic or antibiotic solution instilled for 30 minutes . Then , the vacuum was reestablished and the fluids drained from the wound . Seven days later , intermittent drug instillation was stopped and there was either immediate or delayed wound closure by secondary suturing ( n = 22 ) , skin grafting ( n = 3 ) or spontaneous epithelialization ( n = 2 ) . During a follow-up from the beginning of the instillation treatment of 4,2 ( 3-14 ) months there was one recurrency of infection in a patient with chronic osteomyelitis . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: patients, infections, bone, tissues, osteomyelitis, wounds, Polyvinylalcohol, drainage, wound, surgical, debridement, wound, film, vacuum, vacuum, sponge, wound, times, vacuum, line, antiseptic, antibiotic, solution, vacuum, wound, drug instillation, wound, secondary, skin grafting, treatment, infection, patient, osteomyelitis Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Between 1.4.96 and 1.3.97 27 patients with acute infections of bone and soft tissues ( n = 13 ) , chronic osteomyelitis ( n = 8 ) , and chronic wounds ( n = 6 ) were treated by using Instillation-Vacuum-Sealing . Polyvinylalcohol sponges with drainage tubes were used to cover the internal or external wound surfaces which resulted from surgical debridement . Having hermetically covered the wound with a transparent film dressing a vacuum source generated a partial vacuum in the sponge which was modified according to the type of wound between 20 and 80 kPa . Several times daily , the vacuum line was blocked and , in an alternating fashion , antiseptic or antibiotic solution instilled for 30 minutes . Then , the vacuum was reestablished and the fluids drained from the wound . Seven days later , intermittent drug instillation was stopped and there was either immediate or delayed wound closure by secondary suturing ( n = 22 ) , skin grafting ( n = 3 ) or spontaneous epithelialization ( n = 2 ) . During a follow-up from the beginning of the instillation treatment of 4,2 ( 3-14 ) months there was one recurrency of infection in a patient with chronic osteomyelitis .	[ "Between", "1.4.96", "and", "1.3.97", "27", "patients", "with", "acute", "infections", "of", "bone", "and", "soft", "tissues", "(", "n", "=", "13", ")", ",", "chronic", "osteomyelitis", "(", "n", "=", "8", ")", ",", "and", "chronic", "wounds", "(", "n", "=", "6", ")", "were", "treated", "by", "using", "Instillation", "-", "Vacuum", "-", "Sealing", ".", "Polyvinylalcohol", "sponges", "with", "drainage", "tubes", "were", "used", "to", "cover", "the", "internal", "or", "external", "wound", "surfaces", "which", "resulted", "from", "surgical", "debridement", ".", "Having", "hermetically", "covered", "the", "wound", "with", "a", "transparent", "film", "dressing", "a", "vacuum", "source", "generated", "a", "partial", "vacuum", "in", "the", "sponge", "which", "was", "modified", "according", "to", "the", "type", "of", "wound", "between", "20", "and", "80", "kPa", ".", "Several", "times", "daily", ",", "the", "vacuum", "line", "was", "blocked", "and", ",", "in", "an", "alternating", "fashion", ",", "antiseptic", "or", "antibiotic", "solution", "instilled", "for", "30", "minutes", ".", "Then", ",", "the", "vacuum", "was", "reestablished", "and", "the", "fluids", "drained", "from", "the", "wound", ".", "Seven", "days", "later", ",", "intermittent", "drug", "instillation", "was", "stopped", "and", "there", "was", "either", "immediate", "or", "delayed", "wound", "closure", "by", "secondary", "suturing", "(", "n", "=", "22", ")", ",", "skin", "grafting", "(", "n", "=", "3", ")", "or", "spontaneous", "epithelialization", "(", "n", "=", "2", ")", ".", "During", "a", "follow", "-", "up", "from", "the", "beginning", "of", "the", "instillation", "treatment", "of", "4,2", "(", "3", "-", "14", ")", "months", "there", "was", "one", "recurrency", "of", "infection", "in", "a", "patient", "with", "chronic", "osteomyelitis", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
patients, infections, bone, tissues, osteomyelitis, wounds, Polyvinylalcohol, drainage, wound, surgical, debridement, wound, film, vacuum, vacuum, sponge, wound, times, vacuum, line, antiseptic, antibiotic, solution, vacuum, wound, drug instillation, wound, secondary, skin grafting, treatment, infection, patient, osteomyelitis	DerUnfallchirurg.81010649.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Between 1.4.96 and 1.3.97 27 patients with acute infections of bone and soft tissues ( n = 13 ) , chronic osteomyelitis ( n = 8 ) , and chronic wounds ( n = 6 ) were treated by using Instillation-Vacuum-Sealing . Polyvinylalcohol sponges with drainage tubes were used to cover the internal or external wound surfaces which resulted from surgical debridement . Having hermetically covered the wound with a transparent film dressing a vacuum source generated a partial vacuum in the sponge which was modified according to the type of wound between 20 and 80 kPa . Several times daily , the vacuum line was blocked and , in an alternating fashion , antiseptic or antibiotic solution instilled for 30 minutes . Then , the vacuum was reestablished and the fluids drained from the wound . Seven days later , intermittent drug instillation was stopped and there was either immediate or delayed wound closure by secondary suturing ( n = 22 ) , skin grafting ( n = 3 ) or spontaneous epithelialization ( n = 2 ) . During a follow-up from the beginning of the instillation treatment of 4,2 ( 3-14 ) months there was one recurrency of infection in a patient with chronic osteomyelitis . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Between 1.4.96 and 1.3.97 27 patients with acute infections of bone and soft tissues ( n = 13 ) , chronic osteomyelitis ( n = 8 ) , and chronic wounds ( n = 6 ) were treated by using Instillation-Vacuum-Sealing . Polyvinylalcohol sponges with drainage tubes were used to cover the internal or external wound surfaces which resulted from surgical debridement . Having hermetically covered the wound with a transparent film dressing a vacuum source generated a partial vacuum in the sponge which was modified according to the type of wound between 20 and 80 kPa . Several times daily , the vacuum line was blocked and , in an alternating fashion , antiseptic or antibiotic solution instilled for 30 minutes . Then , the vacuum was reestablished and the fluids drained from the wound . Seven days later , intermittent drug instillation was stopped and there was either immediate or delayed wound closure by secondary suturing ( n = 22 ) , skin grafting ( n = 3 ) or spontaneous epithelialization ( n = 2 ) . During a follow-up from the beginning of the instillation treatment of 4,2 ( 3-14 ) months there was one recurrency of infection in a patient with chronic osteomyelitis .	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Glykoproteine is an umlsterm, Kohlenhydraten is an umlsterm, Peptidsequenzen is an umlsterm, antigener Determinanten is an umlsterm, Verwendung is an umlsterm, Antikoerpern is an umlsterm, Lektinen is an umlsterm, Immunhistochemie is an umlsterm, Antigenprofile is an umlsterm, Zellen is an umlsterm, Geweben is an umlsterm, Antigene is an umlsterm, Rolle is an umlsterm, Tumorbiologie is an umlsterm, Prognosemarker is an umlsterm, Arbeit is an umlsterm, Muzinantigene is an umlsterm, klinischen Pathologie is an umlsterm	DerPathologe.50160094.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Muzine sind stark glykosylierte Glykoproteine , die eine Vielzahl aus Kohlenhydraten und/oder Peptidsequenzen bestehender antigener Determinanten aufweisen . Die Verwendung von monoklonalen Antikoerpern und Lektinen in der Immunhistochemie erbrachte umfangreiche Erkenntnisse ueber deren Topographie im Rahmen der Histogenese . Zudem konnten typische Veraenderungen der Antigenprofile waehrend der neoplastischen Transformation von Zellen und Geweben beschrieben werden . Eine Reihe neuerer Ergebnisse deutet ferner darauf hin , dass muzinassoziierte Antigene eine bedeutende Rolle in der Tumorbiologie , beispielsweise bei der Metastasierung und als Prognosemarker spielen . Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt unter Einschluss eigener Befunde eine Uebersicht ueber die gastrointestinalen Muzinantigene in der experimentellen und klinischen Pathologie . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	Muzine sind stark glykosylierte Glykoproteine , die eine Vielzahl aus Kohlenhydraten und/oder Peptidsequenzen bestehender antigener Determinanten aufweisen . Die Verwendung von monoklonalen Antikoerpern und Lektinen in der Immunhistochemie erbrachte umfangreiche Erkenntnisse ueber deren Topographie im Rahmen der Histogenese . Zudem konnten typische Veraenderungen der Antigenprofile waehrend der neoplastischen Transformation von Zellen und Geweben beschrieben werden . Eine Reihe neuerer Ergebnisse deutet ferner darauf hin , dass muzinassoziierte Antigene eine bedeutende Rolle in der Tumorbiologie , beispielsweise bei der Metastasierung und als Prognosemarker spielen . Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt unter Einschluss eigener Befunde eine Uebersicht ueber die gastrointestinalen Muzinantigene in der experimentellen und klinischen Pathologie .	[ "Muzine", "sind", "stark", "glykosylierte", "Glykoproteine", ",", "die", "eine", "Vielzahl", "aus", "Kohlenhydraten", "und", "/", "oder", "Peptidsequenzen", "bestehender", "antigener", "Determinanten", "aufweisen", ".", "Die", "Verwendung", "von", "monoklonalen", "Antikoerpern", "und", "Lektinen", "in", "der", "Immunhistochemie", "erbrachte", "umfangreiche", "Erkenntnisse", "ueber", "deren", "Topographie", "im", "Rahmen", "der", "Histogenese", ".", "Zudem", "konnten", "typische", "Veraenderungen", "der", "Antigenprofile", "waehrend", "der", "neoplastischen", "Transformation", "von", "Zellen", "und", "Geweben", "beschrieben", "werden", ".", "Eine", "Reihe", "neuerer", "Ergebnisse", "deutet", "ferner", "darauf", "hin", ",", "dass", "muzinassoziierte", "Antigene", "eine", "bedeutende", "Rolle", "in", "der", "Tumorbiologie", ",", "beispielsweise", "bei", "der", "Metastasierung", "und", "als", "Prognosemarker", "spielen", ".", "Die", "vorliegende", "Arbeit", "gibt", "unter", "Einschluss", "eigener", "Befunde", "eine", "Uebersicht", "ueber", "die", "gastrointestinalen", "Muzinantigene", "in", "der", "experimentellen", "und", "klinischen", "Pathologie", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Glykoproteine is an umlsterm, Kohlenhydraten is an umlsterm, Peptidsequenzen is an umlsterm, antigener Determinanten is an umlsterm, Verwendung is an umlsterm, Antikoerpern is an umlsterm, Lektinen is an umlsterm, Immunhistochemie is an umlsterm, Antigenprofile is an umlsterm, Zellen is an umlsterm, Geweben is an umlsterm, Antigene is an umlsterm, Rolle is an umlsterm, Tumorbiologie is an umlsterm, Prognosemarker is an umlsterm, Arbeit is an umlsterm, Muzinantigene is an umlsterm, klinischen Pathologie is an umlsterm	DerPathologe.50160094.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Muzine sind stark glykosylierte Glykoproteine , die eine Vielzahl aus Kohlenhydraten und/oder Peptidsequenzen bestehender antigener Determinanten aufweisen . Die Verwendung von monoklonalen Antikoerpern und Lektinen in der Immunhistochemie erbrachte umfangreiche Erkenntnisse ueber deren Topographie im Rahmen der Histogenese . Zudem konnten typische Veraenderungen der Antigenprofile waehrend der neoplastischen Transformation von Zellen und Geweben beschrieben werden . Eine Reihe neuerer Ergebnisse deutet ferner darauf hin , dass muzinassoziierte Antigene eine bedeutende Rolle in der Tumorbiologie , beispielsweise bei der Metastasierung und als Prognosemarker spielen . Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt unter Einschluss eigener Befunde eine Uebersicht ueber die gastrointestinalen Muzinantigene in der experimentellen und klinischen Pathologie . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Glykoproteine, Kohlenhydraten, Peptidsequenzen, antigener Determinanten, Verwendung, Antikoerpern, Lektinen, Immunhistochemie, Antigenprofile, Zellen, Geweben, Antigene, Rolle, Tumorbiologie, Prognosemarker, Arbeit, Muzinantigene, klinischen Pathologie Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	Muzine sind stark glykosylierte Glykoproteine , die eine Vielzahl aus Kohlenhydraten und/oder Peptidsequenzen bestehender antigener Determinanten aufweisen . Die Verwendung von monoklonalen Antikoerpern und Lektinen in der Immunhistochemie erbrachte umfangreiche Erkenntnisse ueber deren Topographie im Rahmen der Histogenese . Zudem konnten typische Veraenderungen der Antigenprofile waehrend der neoplastischen Transformation von Zellen und Geweben beschrieben werden . Eine Reihe neuerer Ergebnisse deutet ferner darauf hin , dass muzinassoziierte Antigene eine bedeutende Rolle in der Tumorbiologie , beispielsweise bei der Metastasierung und als Prognosemarker spielen . Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt unter Einschluss eigener Befunde eine Uebersicht ueber die gastrointestinalen Muzinantigene in der experimentellen und klinischen Pathologie .	[ "Muzine", "sind", "stark", "glykosylierte", "Glykoproteine", ",", "die", "eine", "Vielzahl", "aus", "Kohlenhydraten", "und", "/", "oder", "Peptidsequenzen", "bestehender", "antigener", "Determinanten", "aufweisen", ".", "Die", "Verwendung", "von", "monoklonalen", "Antikoerpern", "und", "Lektinen", "in", "der", "Immunhistochemie", "erbrachte", "umfangreiche", "Erkenntnisse", "ueber", "deren", "Topographie", "im", "Rahmen", "der", "Histogenese", ".", "Zudem", "konnten", "typische", "Veraenderungen", "der", "Antigenprofile", "waehrend", "der", "neoplastischen", "Transformation", "von", "Zellen", "und", "Geweben", "beschrieben", "werden", ".", "Eine", "Reihe", "neuerer", "Ergebnisse", "deutet", "ferner", "darauf", "hin", ",", "dass", "muzinassoziierte", "Antigene", "eine", "bedeutende", "Rolle", "in", "der", "Tumorbiologie", ",", "beispielsweise", "bei", "der", "Metastasierung", "und", "als", "Prognosemarker", "spielen", ".", "Die", "vorliegende", "Arbeit", "gibt", "unter", "Einschluss", "eigener", "Befunde", "eine", "Uebersicht", "ueber", "die", "gastrointestinalen", "Muzinantigene", "in", "der", "experimentellen", "und", "klinischen", "Pathologie", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Glykoproteine, Kohlenhydraten, Peptidsequenzen, antigener Determinanten, Verwendung, Antikoerpern, Lektinen, Immunhistochemie, Antigenprofile, Zellen, Geweben, Antigene, Rolle, Tumorbiologie, Prognosemarker, Arbeit, Muzinantigene, klinischen Pathologie	DerPathologe.50160094.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Muzine sind stark glykosylierte Glykoproteine , die eine Vielzahl aus Kohlenhydraten und/oder Peptidsequenzen bestehender antigener Determinanten aufweisen . Die Verwendung von monoklonalen Antikoerpern und Lektinen in der Immunhistochemie erbrachte umfangreiche Erkenntnisse ueber deren Topographie im Rahmen der Histogenese . Zudem konnten typische Veraenderungen der Antigenprofile waehrend der neoplastischen Transformation von Zellen und Geweben beschrieben werden . Eine Reihe neuerer Ergebnisse deutet ferner darauf hin , dass muzinassoziierte Antigene eine bedeutende Rolle in der Tumorbiologie , beispielsweise bei der Metastasierung und als Prognosemarker spielen . Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt unter Einschluss eigener Befunde eine Uebersicht ueber die gastrointestinalen Muzinantigene in der experimentellen und klinischen Pathologie . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	Muzine sind stark glykosylierte Glykoproteine , die eine Vielzahl aus Kohlenhydraten und/oder Peptidsequenzen bestehender antigener Determinanten aufweisen . Die Verwendung von monoklonalen Antikoerpern und Lektinen in der Immunhistochemie erbrachte umfangreiche Erkenntnisse ueber deren Topographie im Rahmen der Histogenese . Zudem konnten typische Veraenderungen der Antigenprofile waehrend der neoplastischen Transformation von Zellen und Geweben beschrieben werden . Eine Reihe neuerer Ergebnisse deutet ferner darauf hin , dass muzinassoziierte Antigene eine bedeutende Rolle in der Tumorbiologie , beispielsweise bei der Metastasierung und als Prognosemarker spielen . Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt unter Einschluss eigener Befunde eine Uebersicht ueber die gastrointestinalen Muzinantigene in der experimentellen und klinischen Pathologie .	[ "Muzine", "sind", "stark", "glykosylierte", "Glykoproteine", ",", "die", "eine", "Vielzahl", "aus", "Kohlenhydraten", "und", "/", "oder", "Peptidsequenzen", "bestehender", "antigener", "Determinanten", "aufweisen", ".", "Die", "Verwendung", "von", "monoklonalen", "Antikoerpern", "und", "Lektinen", "in", "der", "Immunhistochemie", "erbrachte", "umfangreiche", "Erkenntnisse", "ueber", "deren", "Topographie", "im", "Rahmen", "der", "Histogenese", ".", "Zudem", "konnten", "typische", "Veraenderungen", "der", "Antigenprofile", "waehrend", "der", "neoplastischen", "Transformation", "von", "Zellen", "und", "Geweben", "beschrieben", "werden", ".", "Eine", "Reihe", "neuerer", "Ergebnisse", "deutet", "ferner", "darauf", "hin", ",", "dass", "muzinassoziierte", "Antigene", "eine", "bedeutende", "Rolle", "in", "der", "Tumorbiologie", ",", "beispielsweise", "bei", "der", "Metastasierung", "und", "als", "Prognosemarker", "spielen", ".", "Die", "vorliegende", "Arbeit", "gibt", "unter", "Einschluss", "eigener", "Befunde", "eine", "Uebersicht", "ueber", "die", "gastrointestinalen", "Muzinantigene", "in", "der", "experimentellen", "und", "klinischen", "Pathologie", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Methode is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Chirurgie is an umlsterm, Standardtherapie is an umlsterm, Methoden is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Frauen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Notfall is an umlsterm, Notfaellen is an umlsterm, Morbiditaet is an umlsterm, Notfalloperationen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Nieren- is an umlsterm, Becken- is an umlsterm, Beinarterien is an umlsterm, Kombinationseingriffen is an umlsterm, Morbiditaet is an umlsterm, Chirurgie is an umlsterm, Standard is an umlsterm	DerChirurg.00710072.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Zusammenfassung . Einleitung : Anfang der 90er Jahre kam die endovasculaere Stentimplantation als neuartige Methode zur Behandlung des abdominellen Aortenaneurysmas ( AAA ) auf . Dies bot uns Anlass , die eigenen Ergebnisse der offenen Chirurgie des AAA zu ueberpruefen , um die Frage der Standardtherapie des AAA neu zu ueberdenken . Methoden : Die medizinischen Daten von 941 konsekutiven Patienten mit AAA , die in unserer Klinik von 1990-1997 offen chirurgisch behandelt wurden ( Durchschnittsalter 67 Jahre , 6 % ueber 80 Jahre , 14,5 % Frauen , 3,2 % suprarenale AAA ) , wurden retrospektiv analysiert . 778 asymtomatische Patienten wurden elektiv , 104 symptomatische Patienten wurden dringlich und 59 symptomatische Patienten ( , davon 45 mit Perforation ) wurden als Notfall operiert . Ergebnisse : Die Letalitaet betrug bei elektiven Operationen 1,54 % , bei dringlichen Operationen 8,65 % und bei Notfaellen mit perforiertem AAA ( unverzuegliche Operation nach Aufnahme in die Klinik ) 35,6 % . Die Morbiditaet lag bei elektiven Eingriffen bei 15,9 % , bei dringlichen Operationen bei 28,8 % und bei Notfalloperationen mit perforiertem AAA bei 66,7 % . Fuer Patienten mit zusaetzlichen Eingriffen an Nieren- , Becken- und Beinarterien sowie Kombinationseingriffen in anderen Operationsgebieten war die Letalitaet im Vergleich zum Durchschnitt nicht erhoeht . Schlussfolgerung : Aufgrund der niedrigen Letalitaet und Morbiditaet stellt die offene Chirurgie auch heute den gueltigen Standard der AAA-Behandlung dar . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Zusammenfassung . Einleitung : Anfang der 90er Jahre kam die endovasculaere Stentimplantation als neuartige Methode zur Behandlung des abdominellen Aortenaneurysmas ( AAA ) auf . Dies bot uns Anlass , die eigenen Ergebnisse der offenen Chirurgie des AAA zu ueberpruefen , um die Frage der Standardtherapie des AAA neu zu ueberdenken . Methoden : Die medizinischen Daten von 941 konsekutiven Patienten mit AAA , die in unserer Klinik von 1990-1997 offen chirurgisch behandelt wurden ( Durchschnittsalter 67 Jahre , 6 % ueber 80 Jahre , 14,5 % Frauen , 3,2 % suprarenale AAA ) , wurden retrospektiv analysiert . 778 asymtomatische Patienten wurden elektiv , 104 symptomatische Patienten wurden dringlich und 59 symptomatische Patienten ( , davon 45 mit Perforation ) wurden als Notfall operiert . Ergebnisse : Die Letalitaet betrug bei elektiven Operationen 1,54 % , bei dringlichen Operationen 8,65 % und bei Notfaellen mit perforiertem AAA ( unverzuegliche Operation nach Aufnahme in die Klinik ) 35,6 % . Die Morbiditaet lag bei elektiven Eingriffen bei 15,9 % , bei dringlichen Operationen bei 28,8 % und bei Notfalloperationen mit perforiertem AAA bei 66,7 % . Fuer Patienten mit zusaetzlichen Eingriffen an Nieren- , Becken- und Beinarterien sowie Kombinationseingriffen in anderen Operationsgebieten war die Letalitaet im Vergleich zum Durchschnitt nicht erhoeht . Schlussfolgerung : Aufgrund der niedrigen Letalitaet und Morbiditaet stellt die offene Chirurgie auch heute den gueltigen Standard der AAA-Behandlung dar .	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Methode is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Chirurgie is an umlsterm, Standardtherapie is an umlsterm, Methoden is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Frauen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Notfall is an umlsterm, Notfaellen is an umlsterm, Morbiditaet is an umlsterm, Notfalloperationen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Nieren- is an umlsterm, Becken- is an umlsterm, Beinarterien is an umlsterm, Kombinationseingriffen is an umlsterm, Morbiditaet is an umlsterm, Chirurgie is an umlsterm, Standard is an umlsterm	DerChirurg.00710072.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Zusammenfassung . Einleitung : Anfang der 90er Jahre kam die endovasculaere Stentimplantation als neuartige Methode zur Behandlung des abdominellen Aortenaneurysmas ( AAA ) auf . Dies bot uns Anlass , die eigenen Ergebnisse der offenen Chirurgie des AAA zu ueberpruefen , um die Frage der Standardtherapie des AAA neu zu ueberdenken . Methoden : Die medizinischen Daten von 941 konsekutiven Patienten mit AAA , die in unserer Klinik von 1990-1997 offen chirurgisch behandelt wurden ( Durchschnittsalter 67 Jahre , 6 % ueber 80 Jahre , 14,5 % Frauen , 3,2 % suprarenale AAA ) , wurden retrospektiv analysiert . 778 asymtomatische Patienten wurden elektiv , 104 symptomatische Patienten wurden dringlich und 59 symptomatische Patienten ( , davon 45 mit Perforation ) wurden als Notfall operiert . Ergebnisse : Die Letalitaet betrug bei elektiven Operationen 1,54 % , bei dringlichen Operationen 8,65 % und bei Notfaellen mit perforiertem AAA ( unverzuegliche Operation nach Aufnahme in die Klinik ) 35,6 % . Die Morbiditaet lag bei elektiven Eingriffen bei 15,9 % , bei dringlichen Operationen bei 28,8 % und bei Notfalloperationen mit perforiertem AAA bei 66,7 % . Fuer Patienten mit zusaetzlichen Eingriffen an Nieren- , Becken- und Beinarterien sowie Kombinationseingriffen in anderen Operationsgebieten war die Letalitaet im Vergleich zum Durchschnitt nicht erhoeht . Schlussfolgerung : Aufgrund der niedrigen Letalitaet und Morbiditaet stellt die offene Chirurgie auch heute den gueltigen Standard der AAA-Behandlung dar . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Methode, Behandlung, Chirurgie, Standardtherapie, Methoden, Patienten, Frauen, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Notfall, Notfaellen, Morbiditaet, Notfalloperationen, Patienten, Nieren-, Becken-, Beinarterien, Kombinationseingriffen, Morbiditaet, Chirurgie, Standard Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Zusammenfassung . Einleitung : Anfang der 90er Jahre kam die endovasculaere Stentimplantation als neuartige Methode zur Behandlung des abdominellen Aortenaneurysmas ( AAA ) auf . Dies bot uns Anlass , die eigenen Ergebnisse der offenen Chirurgie des AAA zu ueberpruefen , um die Frage der Standardtherapie des AAA neu zu ueberdenken . Methoden : Die medizinischen Daten von 941 konsekutiven Patienten mit AAA , die in unserer Klinik von 1990-1997 offen chirurgisch behandelt wurden ( Durchschnittsalter 67 Jahre , 6 % ueber 80 Jahre , 14,5 % Frauen , 3,2 % suprarenale AAA ) , wurden retrospektiv analysiert . 778 asymtomatische Patienten wurden elektiv , 104 symptomatische Patienten wurden dringlich und 59 symptomatische Patienten ( , davon 45 mit Perforation ) wurden als Notfall operiert . Ergebnisse : Die Letalitaet betrug bei elektiven Operationen 1,54 % , bei dringlichen Operationen 8,65 % und bei Notfaellen mit perforiertem AAA ( unverzuegliche Operation nach Aufnahme in die Klinik ) 35,6 % . Die Morbiditaet lag bei elektiven Eingriffen bei 15,9 % , bei dringlichen Operationen bei 28,8 % und bei Notfalloperationen mit perforiertem AAA bei 66,7 % . Fuer Patienten mit zusaetzlichen Eingriffen an Nieren- , Becken- und Beinarterien sowie Kombinationseingriffen in anderen Operationsgebieten war die Letalitaet im Vergleich zum Durchschnitt nicht erhoeht . Schlussfolgerung : Aufgrund der niedrigen Letalitaet und Morbiditaet stellt die offene Chirurgie auch heute den gueltigen Standard der AAA-Behandlung dar .	[ "Zusammenfassung", ".", "Einleitung", ":", "Anfang", "der", "90er", "Jahre", "kam", "die", "endovasculaere", "Stentimplantation", "als", "neuartige", "Methode", "zur", "Behandlung", "des", "abdominellen", "Aortenaneurysmas", "(", "AAA", ")", "auf", ".", "Dies", "bot", "uns", "Anlass", ",", "die", "eigenen", "Ergebnisse", "der", "offenen", "Chirurgie", "des", "AAA", "zu", "ueberpruefen", ",", "um", "die", "Frage", "der", "Standardtherapie", "des", "AAA", "neu", "zu", "ueberdenken", ".", "Methoden", ":", "Die", "medizinischen", "Daten", "von", "941", "konsekutiven", "Patienten", "mit", "AAA", ",", "die", "in", "unserer", "Klinik", "von", "1990", "-", "1997", "offen", "chirurgisch", "behandelt", "wurden", "(", "Durchschnittsalter", "67", "Jahre", ",", "6", "%", "ueber", "80", "Jahre", ",", "14,5", "%", "Frauen", ",", "3,2", "%", "suprarenale", "AAA", ")", ",", "wurden", "retrospektiv", "analysiert", ".", "778", "asymtomatische", "Patienten", "wurden", "elektiv", ",", "104", "symptomatische", "Patienten", "wurden", "dringlich", "und", "59", "symptomatische", "Patienten", "(", ",", "davon", "45", "mit", "Perforation", ")", "wurden", "als", "Notfall", "operiert", ".", "Ergebnisse", ":", "Die", "Letalitaet", "betrug", "bei", "elektiven", "Operationen", "1,54", "%", ",", "bei", "dringlichen", "Operationen", "8,65", "%", "und", "bei", "Notfaellen", "mit", "perforiertem", "AAA", "(", "unverzuegliche", "Operation", "nach", "Aufnahme", "in", "die", "Klinik", ")", "35,6", "%", ".", "Die", "Morbiditaet", "lag", "bei", "elektiven", "Eingriffen", "bei", "15,9", "%", ",", "bei", "dringlichen", "Operationen", "bei", "28,8", "%", "und", "bei", "Notfalloperationen", "mit", "perforiertem", "AAA", "bei", "66,7", "%", ".", "Fuer", "Patienten", "mit", "zusaetzlichen", "Eingriffen", "an", "Nieren-", ",", "Becken-", "und", "Beinarterien", "sowie", "Kombinationseingriffen", "in", "anderen", "Operationsgebieten", "war", "die", "Letalitaet", "im", "Vergleich", "zum", "Durchschnitt", "nicht", "erhoeht", ".", "Schlussfolgerung", ":", "Aufgrund", "der", "niedrigen", "Letalitaet", "und", "Morbiditaet", "stellt", "die", "offene", "Chirurgie", "auch", "heute", "den", "gueltigen", "Standard", "der", "AAA", "-", "Behandlung", "dar", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Methode, Behandlung, Chirurgie, Standardtherapie, Methoden, Patienten, Frauen, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Notfall, Notfaellen, Morbiditaet, Notfalloperationen, Patienten, Nieren-, Becken-, Beinarterien, Kombinationseingriffen, Morbiditaet, Chirurgie, Standard	DerChirurg.00710072.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Zusammenfassung . Einleitung : Anfang der 90er Jahre kam die endovasculaere Stentimplantation als neuartige Methode zur Behandlung des abdominellen Aortenaneurysmas ( AAA ) auf . Dies bot uns Anlass , die eigenen Ergebnisse der offenen Chirurgie des AAA zu ueberpruefen , um die Frage der Standardtherapie des AAA neu zu ueberdenken . Methoden : Die medizinischen Daten von 941 konsekutiven Patienten mit AAA , die in unserer Klinik von 1990-1997 offen chirurgisch behandelt wurden ( Durchschnittsalter 67 Jahre , 6 % ueber 80 Jahre , 14,5 % Frauen , 3,2 % suprarenale AAA ) , wurden retrospektiv analysiert . 778 asymtomatische Patienten wurden elektiv , 104 symptomatische Patienten wurden dringlich und 59 symptomatische Patienten ( , davon 45 mit Perforation ) wurden als Notfall operiert . Ergebnisse : Die Letalitaet betrug bei elektiven Operationen 1,54 % , bei dringlichen Operationen 8,65 % und bei Notfaellen mit perforiertem AAA ( unverzuegliche Operation nach Aufnahme in die Klinik ) 35,6 % . Die Morbiditaet lag bei elektiven Eingriffen bei 15,9 % , bei dringlichen Operationen bei 28,8 % und bei Notfalloperationen mit perforiertem AAA bei 66,7 % . Fuer Patienten mit zusaetzlichen Eingriffen an Nieren- , Becken- und Beinarterien sowie Kombinationseingriffen in anderen Operationsgebieten war die Letalitaet im Vergleich zum Durchschnitt nicht erhoeht . Schlussfolgerung : Aufgrund der niedrigen Letalitaet und Morbiditaet stellt die offene Chirurgie auch heute den gueltigen Standard der AAA-Behandlung dar . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Zusammenfassung . Einleitung : Anfang der 90er Jahre kam die endovasculaere Stentimplantation als neuartige Methode zur Behandlung des abdominellen Aortenaneurysmas ( AAA ) auf . Dies bot uns Anlass , die eigenen Ergebnisse der offenen Chirurgie des AAA zu ueberpruefen , um die Frage der Standardtherapie des AAA neu zu ueberdenken . Methoden : Die medizinischen Daten von 941 konsekutiven Patienten mit AAA , die in unserer Klinik von 1990-1997 offen chirurgisch behandelt wurden ( Durchschnittsalter 67 Jahre , 6 % ueber 80 Jahre , 14,5 % Frauen , 3,2 % suprarenale AAA ) , wurden retrospektiv analysiert . 778 asymtomatische Patienten wurden elektiv , 104 symptomatische Patienten wurden dringlich und 59 symptomatische Patienten ( , davon 45 mit Perforation ) wurden als Notfall operiert . Ergebnisse : Die Letalitaet betrug bei elektiven Operationen 1,54 % , bei dringlichen Operationen 8,65 % und bei Notfaellen mit perforiertem AAA ( unverzuegliche Operation nach Aufnahme in die Klinik ) 35,6 % . Die Morbiditaet lag bei elektiven Eingriffen bei 15,9 % , bei dringlichen Operationen bei 28,8 % und bei Notfalloperationen mit perforiertem AAA bei 66,7 % . Fuer Patienten mit zusaetzlichen Eingriffen an Nieren- , Becken- und Beinarterien sowie Kombinationseingriffen in anderen Operationsgebieten war die Letalitaet im Vergleich zum Durchschnitt nicht erhoeht . Schlussfolgerung : Aufgrund der niedrigen Letalitaet und Morbiditaet stellt die offene Chirurgie auch heute den gueltigen Standard der AAA-Behandlung dar .	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elav - like proteins is a protein-family, AU - rich sequence is a RNA, 3 ' untranslated region is a RNA, UTR is a RNA, mRNAs is a RNA, mRNAs is a RNA	1.0alpha7.train.1157_task0	Sentence: It has been shown that a family of elav-like proteins binds to an AU-rich sequence located within the 3' untranslated region ( UTR) of certain mRNAs and increases the stability of these mRNAs ( 6, 11, 12, 26, 35). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: RNA, protein-family	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "O", "B-RNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	It has been shown that a family of elav-like proteins binds to an AU-rich sequence located within the 3' untranslated region ( UTR) of certain mRNAs and increases the stability of these mRNAs ( 6, 11, 12, 26, 35).	[ "It", "has", "been", "shown", "that", "a", "family", "of", " ", "elav", "-", "like", "proteins", "binds", "to", "an", " ", "AU", "-", "rich", "sequence", "located", "within", "the", "3", "'", "untranslated", "region", "(", "UTR", ")", "of", "certain", "mRNAs", "and", "increases", "the", "stability", "of", "these", "mRNAs", "(", "6", ",", " ", "11", ",", " ", "12", ",", " ", "26", ",", " ", "35", ")", "." ]	[ "RNA", "protein-family" ]
elav - like proteins is a protein-family, AU - rich sequence is a RNA, 3 ' untranslated region is a RNA, UTR is a RNA, mRNAs is a RNA, mRNAs is a RNA	1.0alpha7.train.1157_task1	Sentence: It has been shown that a family of elav-like proteins binds to an AU-rich sequence located within the 3' untranslated region ( UTR) of certain mRNAs and increases the stability of these mRNAs ( 6, 11, 12, 26, 35). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: elav - like proteins, AU - rich sequence, 3 ' untranslated region, UTR, mRNAs, mRNAs Options: RNA, protein-family	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "O", "B-RNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	It has been shown that a family of elav-like proteins binds to an AU-rich sequence located within the 3' untranslated region ( UTR) of certain mRNAs and increases the stability of these mRNAs ( 6, 11, 12, 26, 35).	[ "It", "has", "been", "shown", "that", "a", "family", "of", " ", "elav", "-", "like", "proteins", "binds", "to", "an", " ", "AU", "-", "rich", "sequence", "located", "within", "the", "3", "'", "untranslated", "region", "(", "UTR", ")", "of", "certain", "mRNAs", "and", "increases", "the", "stability", "of", "these", "mRNAs", "(", "6", ",", " ", "11", ",", " ", "12", ",", " ", "26", ",", " ", "35", ")", "." ]	[ "RNA", "protein-family" ]
elav - like proteins, AU - rich sequence, 3 ' untranslated region, UTR, mRNAs, mRNAs	1.0alpha7.train.1157_task2	Sentence: It has been shown that a family of elav-like proteins binds to an AU-rich sequence located within the 3' untranslated region ( UTR) of certain mRNAs and increases the stability of these mRNAs ( 6, 11, 12, 26, 35). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "I-protein-family", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "O", "B-RNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	It has been shown that a family of elav-like proteins binds to an AU-rich sequence located within the 3' untranslated region ( UTR) of certain mRNAs and increases the stability of these mRNAs ( 6, 11, 12, 26, 35).	[ "It", "has", "been", "shown", "that", "a", "family", "of", " ", "elav", "-", "like", "proteins", "binds", "to", "an", " ", "AU", "-", "rich", "sequence", "located", "within", "the", "3", "'", "untranslated", "region", "(", "UTR", ")", "of", "certain", "mRNAs", "and", "increases", "the", "stability", "of", "these", "mRNAs", "(", "6", ",", " ", "11", ",", " ", "12", ",", " ", "26", ",", " ", "35", ")", "." ]	[ "RNA", "protein-family" ]
metastásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, afectación osteolítica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoración is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, afectación ósea is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplásicas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, malignidad is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones óseas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metastásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, malignidad is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, células en anillo de sello is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoración is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, sin un tumor primario conocido is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, afectación ósea is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoral is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoral is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones óseas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA	35_task0	Sentence: Anamnesis Un varón de 54 años debuta en noviembre de 2013 con lumbalgia que no cede a pesar de analgesia de primer escalón, por lo cual es valorado por Traumatología en un centro privado. Se realiza una resonancia magnética de columna lumbar, en la que se evidencia un abombamiento posterior de L5 que disminuye el espacio aracnoideo anterior. También se realiza una gammagrafía ósea, en la que se observa una captación patológica osteoblástica extensa en todo el esqueleto axial, costillas, cráneo y ambos fémures. Ante la dificultad para deambular secundaria al empeoramiento del dolor, el paciente ingresa en nuestro centro en enero de 2014 para completar el estudio. Exploración física General: ECOG 2 por lumbalgia intensa. Palidez cutánea, alerta, eupneico, bien hidratado, bien perfundido. Cabeza y cuello: no adenopatías, no ingurgitación venosa yugular, mucosa oral sin lesiones. Auscultación cardiopulmonar: sin hallazgos relevantes. Abdomen: ruidos hidroaéreos positivos, blando y depresible, no dolor a la palpación, no se palpan masas ni organomegalias. Sistema locomotor: simetría de las cuatro extremidades, eutróficas. Dolor a la espinopresión de la columna lumbar, en especial en lumbares bajas. Pulsos conservados, no signos de TVP. Neurológico: consciente y orientado en las tres esferas, pares craneales sin alteraciones, sensibilidad sin alteraciones, fuerza conservada en las cuatro extremidades (5/5), reflejos osteotendinosos conservados, salvo leve hiporreflexia patelar derecha, marcha difícilmente explorable por dolor, no disdiadococinesia. Pruebas complementarias » Analítica sanguínea inicial. Hemograma: Hb 13,8 g/dl. Reticulocitos absolutos 124.000 (valor normal 20.000-75.000). Plaquetas 139.000. Leucocitos 10.200 (neutrófilos 7,400). Hemostasia: TP 12,5s, INR 1,13, fibrinógeno 312. Bioquímica: AST 27 UI/l, ALT 30 UI/l, bilirrubina 1,5 UI/l, GGT 24 UI/l, fosfatasa alcalina 1.752 UI/l, LDH 232 UI/l, creatinina 0,95 mg/dl, urea 26 mg/dl, sodio 142 mEq/l, potasio 4,2 mEq/l. » Marcadores tumorales: alfa-fetoproteína 6,9. CEA 37,6. CA-125 5. CA 15-3 11. CA-19-9 26. CYFRA 21-1 11,9. PSA 0,77. » Evolutivo analítico al inicio del ingreso: - Hemoglobina 13,8 -> 13,8 -> 12,7 -> 9,8 -> 10.5. - Plaquetas 139.000 -> 84.000 -> 70.000 -> 50.000 -> 46.000. - Leucocitos 10.200 -> 17.800 -> 23.000 -> 15.000 -> 18.600. » Frotis de sangre periférica: anemia con discreta anisocitosis normocítica, se ven hematíes macrocíticos, esferocitos (algunos microesferocitos) y esquistocitos aproximadamente del 2%, leucocitosis con neutrofilia, trombopenia. Diagnóstico: anemia regenerativa sugestiva de microangiopatía » Coombs directo: negativo. » TC cuerpo: se observa la lesión metastásica en L5 conocida asociada a un componente de partes blandas con impronta en el canal raquídeo y afectación de la raíz L5-S1. Se evidencia una afectación osteolítica difusa. No se observan lesiones sugerentes de tumoración primaria en el resto del cuerpo. » Resonancia magnética de la columna (realizada fuera de nuestro centro): se confirma afectación ósea difusa con componente de partes blandas a nivel de L5 que impronta en el canal raquídeo. » TC craneal: sin alteraciones de interés. » Biopsia de médula ósea: se observa una infiltración multifocal por un adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello. El perfil inmunohistoquímico sugiere un origen digestivo (positivo para citoqueratinas CEA, AE1/AE3, CK7, CK19, CK20/CDX2/CA19.9 (minoritario); negativo para CD45/CA125/TTF1). Her-2/Neu negativo. » Endoscopia digestiva alta: gastritis nodular. No se observan lesiones neoplásicas. » Colonoscopia: pólipo en el recto, que se reseca. Anatomía patológica: hiperplasia. » PET-TC: alta probabilidad de malignidad en múltiples lesiones óseas sugestivas de afectación metastásica. Asimetría de captación en el cavum izquierdo. No se observa captación sugestiva de malignidad en el resto del cuerpo. » Punción aspiración con aguja fina del tiroides: bocio multinodular. » Biopsia de cavum: no infiltración neoplásica. » Evolutivo analítico al iniciar el primer ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 9,5 -> 9,2 -> 8,8 -> 9,1. - Plaquetas 84.000 -> 62.000 -> 47.000 -> 23.000. - Leucocitos 15.600 -> 12.100 -> 7.500 -> 5.800. - Bilirrubina 4,1 -> 3,8 -> 4,1 -> 4,1. - LDH 313 -> 294 -> 491 -> 688. » Evolutivo analítico tras segundo ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 8,9 -> 10,2 -> 9,0 -> 8,8. - Plaquetas 36.000 -> 34.000 -> 54.000 -> 80.000. - Leucocitos 2300 -> 4000 -> 3800 -> 3100. - Bilirrubina 1,3 -> 1,1 -> 0,8 -> 0,9. - LDH 472 -> 476 -> 398 -> 371. Diagnóstico Metástasis óseas difusas con infiltración en la médula ósea de células en anillo de sello de probable origen digestivo. Sin tumoración primaria conocida. Anemia hemolítica microangiopática paraneoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de metástasis óseas difusas sin un tumor primario conocido, se decide en comité de tumores comenzar tratamiento con quimioterapia a pesar de factores limitantes como trombopenia grado 4 con requerimiento transfusional diario para mantener las plaquetas > 50.000. Se decide tratamiento dirigido a la sospecha de origen digestivo con esquema mFOLFOX4 con disminución del 20% de dosis inicialmente (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 600 mg/m2/día en infusión continua de 24 horas días 1 y 2), empezándose en febrero de 2014. Posteriormente, tras el segundo ciclo se continúa con esquema mFOLFOX6 (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 2.400 mg/m2/día en infusión continua durante 48 horas) por comodidad de administración ambulatoria y para disminuir el riesgo de mielotoxicidad. Se inició tratamiento con ácido zoledrónico antes de la quimioterapia. Evolución Debido a la extensa afectación ósea, el paciente presentaba dos principales complicaciones: 1) mal control del dolor por aplastamiento de L5, sin compresión medular asociada por nivel afectado; 2) anemia hemolítica microangiopática asociada a trombopenia grado 4 de carácter paraneoplásico. Desde el ingreso, el paciente presentaba una importante anemización multifactorial: anemia hemolítica microangiopática y diátesis hemorrágica secundaria a trombopenia (sangrado gastrointestinal tras resección de un pólipo rectal y sangrado tras biopsia de cavum); por lo tanto, el paciente requería soporte transfusional diario de hematíes, plaquetas y fibrinógeno, con bajo rendimiento. Se decidió iniciar tratamiento quimioterápico urgentemente a pesar de la importante citopenia y riesgo de diátesis hemorrágica debido a que esta era secundaria a infiltración tumoral y una MAHA paraneoplásica, siendo la quimioterapia la única opción terapéutica en esta situación. Tras el primer ciclo, el paciente aún persistía con trombopenia < 30.000, requiriendo transfusión de plaquetas diarias, al igual que de concentrados de hematíes para mantener la hemoglobina > 9 g/dl. También se notó un ascenso de bilirrubina y LDH en probable relación con hemólisis mantenida. Tras el segundo ciclo, el paciente logra una estabilidad de cifras plaquetarias en torno a 40.000 sin requerimiento de transfusiones, y tras el tercer ciclo comienza a presentar un aumento exponencial de las cifras plaquetarias y de hemoglobina, al igual que progresivamente presentaba un descenso de marcadores de hemólisis (LDH y bilirrubina), hasta lograr la normalización de todos los valores. En general, la quimioterapia fue muy bien tolerada por parte del paciente, presentando astenia grado 1 como toxicidad relevante al inicio; posteriormente se suspendió el oxaliplatino tras el 15º ciclo por neuropatía grado 2 persistente. En cuanto a la clínica de dolor, el paciente requirió inicialmente dosis altas de fentanilo transdérmico con frecuentes rescates de fentanilo transmucoso para crisis irruptivas de dolor, logrando una mejoría progresiva del dolor tras administrar radioterapia antiálgica, con menor requerimiento de opioides y capacidad de deambulación por parte del paciente. Hasta la fecha continúa tratamiento quimioterápico activo, con muy buena tolerancia y con buen estado general (ECOG 1), pudiendo deambular sin ayuda y sin requerimiento de opioides. Ha continuado su seguimiento con TC, gammagrafía ósea y analíticas, sin evidencia de progresión tumoral hasta la fecha. En la última TC (febrero de 2015) persistían las lesiones óseas conocidas, pero sin evidencia de progresión de la enfermedad. 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Se realiza una resonancia magnética de columna lumbar, en la que se evidencia un abombamiento posterior de L5 que disminuye el espacio aracnoideo anterior. También se realiza una gammagrafía ósea, en la que se observa una captación patológica osteoblástica extensa en todo el esqueleto axial, costillas, cráneo y ambos fémures. Ante la dificultad para deambular secundaria al empeoramiento del dolor, el paciente ingresa en nuestro centro en enero de 2014 para completar el estudio. Exploración física General: ECOG 2 por lumbalgia intensa. Palidez cutánea, alerta, eupneico, bien hidratado, bien perfundido. Cabeza y cuello: no adenopatías, no ingurgitación venosa yugular, mucosa oral sin lesiones. Auscultación cardiopulmonar: sin hallazgos relevantes. Abdomen: ruidos hidroaéreos positivos, blando y depresible, no dolor a la palpación, no se palpan masas ni organomegalias. Sistema locomotor: simetría de las cuatro extremidades, eutróficas. Dolor a la espinopresión de la columna lumbar, en especial en lumbares bajas. Pulsos conservados, no signos de TVP. Neurológico: consciente y orientado en las tres esferas, pares craneales sin alteraciones, sensibilidad sin alteraciones, fuerza conservada en las cuatro extremidades (5/5), reflejos osteotendinosos conservados, salvo leve hiporreflexia patelar derecha, marcha difícilmente explorable por dolor, no disdiadococinesia. Pruebas complementarias » Analítica sanguínea inicial. Hemograma: Hb 13,8 g/dl. Reticulocitos absolutos 124.000 (valor normal 20.000-75.000). Plaquetas 139.000. Leucocitos 10.200 (neutrófilos 7,400). Hemostasia: TP 12,5s, INR 1,13, fibrinógeno 312. Bioquímica: AST 27 UI/l, ALT 30 UI/l, bilirrubina 1,5 UI/l, GGT 24 UI/l, fosfatasa alcalina 1.752 UI/l, LDH 232 UI/l, creatinina 0,95 mg/dl, urea 26 mg/dl, sodio 142 mEq/l, potasio 4,2 mEq/l. » Marcadores tumorales: alfa-fetoproteína 6,9. CEA 37,6. CA-125 5. CA 15-3 11. CA-19-9 26. CYFRA 21-1 11,9. PSA 0,77. » Evolutivo analítico al inicio del ingreso: - Hemoglobina 13,8 -> 13,8 -> 12,7 -> 9,8 -> 10.5. - Plaquetas 139.000 -> 84.000 -> 70.000 -> 50.000 -> 46.000. - Leucocitos 10.200 -> 17.800 -> 23.000 -> 15.000 -> 18.600. » Frotis de sangre periférica: anemia con discreta anisocitosis normocítica, se ven hematíes macrocíticos, esferocitos (algunos microesferocitos) y esquistocitos aproximadamente del 2%, leucocitosis con neutrofilia, trombopenia. Diagnóstico: anemia regenerativa sugestiva de microangiopatía » Coombs directo: negativo. » TC cuerpo: se observa la lesión metastásica en L5 conocida asociada a un componente de partes blandas con impronta en el canal raquídeo y afectación de la raíz L5-S1. Se evidencia una afectación osteolítica difusa. No se observan lesiones sugerentes de tumoración primaria en el resto del cuerpo. » Resonancia magnética de la columna (realizada fuera de nuestro centro): se confirma afectación ósea difusa con componente de partes blandas a nivel de L5 que impronta en el canal raquídeo. » TC craneal: sin alteraciones de interés. » Biopsia de médula ósea: se observa una infiltración multifocal por un adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello. El perfil inmunohistoquímico sugiere un origen digestivo (positivo para citoqueratinas CEA, AE1/AE3, CK7, CK19, CK20/CDX2/CA19.9 (minoritario); negativo para CD45/CA125/TTF1). Her-2/Neu negativo. » Endoscopia digestiva alta: gastritis nodular. No se observan lesiones neoplásicas. » Colonoscopia: pólipo en el recto, que se reseca. Anatomía patológica: hiperplasia. » PET-TC: alta probabilidad de malignidad en múltiples lesiones óseas sugestivas de afectación metastásica. Asimetría de captación en el cavum izquierdo. No se observa captación sugestiva de malignidad en el resto del cuerpo. » Punción aspiración con aguja fina del tiroides: bocio multinodular. » Biopsia de cavum: no infiltración neoplásica. » Evolutivo analítico al iniciar el primer ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 9,5 -> 9,2 -> 8,8 -> 9,1. - Plaquetas 84.000 -> 62.000 -> 47.000 -> 23.000. - Leucocitos 15.600 -> 12.100 -> 7.500 -> 5.800. - Bilirrubina 4,1 -> 3,8 -> 4,1 -> 4,1. - LDH 313 -> 294 -> 491 -> 688. » Evolutivo analítico tras segundo ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 8,9 -> 10,2 -> 9,0 -> 8,8. - Plaquetas 36.000 -> 34.000 -> 54.000 -> 80.000. - Leucocitos 2300 -> 4000 -> 3800 -> 3100. - Bilirrubina 1,3 -> 1,1 -> 0,8 -> 0,9. - LDH 472 -> 476 -> 398 -> 371. Diagnóstico Metástasis óseas difusas con infiltración en la médula ósea de células en anillo de sello de probable origen digestivo. Sin tumoración primaria conocida. Anemia hemolítica microangiopática paraneoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de metástasis óseas difusas sin un tumor primario conocido, se decide en comité de tumores comenzar tratamiento con quimioterapia a pesar de factores limitantes como trombopenia grado 4 con requerimiento transfusional diario para mantener las plaquetas > 50.000. Se decide tratamiento dirigido a la sospecha de origen digestivo con esquema mFOLFOX4 con disminución del 20% de dosis inicialmente (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 600 mg/m2/día en infusión continua de 24 horas días 1 y 2), empezándose en febrero de 2014. Posteriormente, tras el segundo ciclo se continúa con esquema mFOLFOX6 (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 2.400 mg/m2/día en infusión continua durante 48 horas) por comodidad de administración ambulatoria y para disminuir el riesgo de mielotoxicidad. Se inició tratamiento con ácido zoledrónico antes de la quimioterapia. Evolución Debido a la extensa afectación ósea, el paciente presentaba dos principales complicaciones: 1) mal control del dolor por aplastamiento de L5, sin compresión medular asociada por nivel afectado; 2) anemia hemolítica microangiopática asociada a trombopenia grado 4 de carácter paraneoplásico. Desde el ingreso, el paciente presentaba una importante anemización multifactorial: anemia hemolítica microangiopática y diátesis hemorrágica secundaria a trombopenia (sangrado gastrointestinal tras resección de un pólipo rectal y sangrado tras biopsia de cavum); por lo tanto, el paciente requería soporte transfusional diario de hematíes, plaquetas y fibrinógeno, con bajo rendimiento. Se decidió iniciar tratamiento quimioterápico urgentemente a pesar de la importante citopenia y riesgo de diátesis hemorrágica debido a que esta era secundaria a infiltración tumoral y una MAHA paraneoplásica, siendo la quimioterapia la única opción terapéutica en esta situación. Tras el primer ciclo, el paciente aún persistía con trombopenia < 30.000, requiriendo transfusión de plaquetas diarias, al igual que de concentrados de hematíes para mantener la hemoglobina > 9 g/dl. También se notó un ascenso de bilirrubina y LDH en probable relación con hemólisis mantenida. Tras el segundo ciclo, el paciente logra una estabilidad de cifras plaquetarias en torno a 40.000 sin requerimiento de transfusiones, y tras el tercer ciclo comienza a presentar un aumento exponencial de las cifras plaquetarias y de hemoglobina, al igual que progresivamente presentaba un descenso de marcadores de hemólisis (LDH y bilirrubina), hasta lograr la normalización de todos los valores. En general, la quimioterapia fue muy bien tolerada por parte del paciente, presentando astenia grado 1 como toxicidad relevante al inicio; posteriormente se suspendió el oxaliplatino tras el 15º ciclo por neuropatía grado 2 persistente. En cuanto a la clínica de dolor, el paciente requirió inicialmente dosis altas de fentanilo transdérmico con frecuentes rescates de fentanilo transmucoso para crisis irruptivas de dolor, logrando una mejoría progresiva del dolor tras administrar radioterapia antiálgica, con menor requerimiento de opioides y capacidad de deambulación por parte del paciente. Hasta la fecha continúa tratamiento quimioterápico activo, con muy buena tolerancia y con buen estado general (ECOG 1), pudiendo deambular sin ayuda y sin requerimiento de opioides. Ha continuado su seguimiento con TC, gammagrafía ósea y analíticas, sin evidencia de progresión tumoral hasta la fecha. En la última TC (febrero de 2015) persistían las lesiones óseas conocidas, pero sin evidencia de progresión de la enfermedad.	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"para", "completar", "el", "estudio", ".", "\n\n", "Exploración", "física", "\n", "General", ":", "ECOG", "2", "por", "lumbalgia", "intensa", ".", "Palidez", "cutánea", ",", "alerta", ",", "eupneico", ",", "bien", "hidratado", ",", "bien", "perfundido", ".", "Cabeza", "y", "cuello", ":", "no", "adenopatías", ",", "no", "ingurgitación", "venosa", "yugular", ",", "mucosa", "oral", "sin", "lesiones", ".", "Auscultación", "cardiopulmonar", ":", "sin", "hallazgos", "relevantes", ".", "Abdomen", ":", "ruidos", "hidroaéreos", "positivos", ",", "blando", "y", "depresible", ",", "no", "dolor", "a", "la", "palpación", ",", "no", "se", "palpan", "masas", "ni", "organomegalias", ".", "Sistema", "locomotor", ":", "simetría", "de", "las", "cuatro", "extremidades", ",", "eutróficas", ".", "Dolor", "a", "la", "espinopresión", "de", "la", "columna", "lumbar", ",", "en", "especial", "en", "lumbares", "bajas", ".", "Pulsos", "conservados", ",", "no", "signos", "de", "TVP", ".", "Neurológico", ":", "consciente", "y", "orientado", "en", "las", "tres", "esferas", ",", "pares", "craneales", "sin", "alteraciones", ",", "sensibilidad", "sin", "alteraciones", ",", "fuerza", "conservada", "en", "las", "cuatro", "extremidades", "(", "5/5", ")", ",", "reflejos", "osteotendinosos", "conservados", ",", "salvo", "leve", "hiporreflexia", "patelar", "derecha", ",", "marcha", "difícilmente", "explorable", "por", "dolor", ",", "no", "disdiadococinesia", ".", "\n\n", "Pruebas", "complementarias", "\n", "»", "Analítica", "sanguínea", "inicial", ".", "Hemograma", ":", "Hb", "13,8", "g", "/", "dl", ".", "Reticulocitos", "absolutos", "124.000", "(", "valor", "normal", "20.000", "-", "75.000", ")", ".", "Plaquetas", "139.000", ".", "Leucocitos", "10.200", "(", "neutrófilos", "7,400", ")", ".", "Hemostasia", ":", "TP", "12,5s", ",", "INR", "1,13", ",", "fibrinógeno", "312", ".", "Bioquímica", ":", "AST", "27", "UI", "/", "l", ",", "ALT", "30", "UI", "/", "l", ",", "bilirrubina", "1,5", "UI", "/", "l", ",", "GGT", "24", "UI", "/", "l", ",", "fosfatasa", "alcalina", "1.752", "UI", "/", "l", ",", "LDH", "232", "UI", "/", "l", ",", "creatinina", "0,95", "mg", "/", "dl", ",", "urea", "26", "mg", "/", "dl", ",", "sodio", "142", "mEq", "/", "l", ",", "potasio", "4,2", "mEq", "/", "l.", "\n", "»", "Marcadores", "tumorales", ":", "alfa", "-", "fetoproteína", "6,9", ".", "CEA", "37,6", ".", "CA-125", "5", ".", "CA", "15", "-", "3", "11", ".", "CA-19", "-", "9", "26", ".", "CYFRA", "21", "-", "1", "11,9", ".", "PSA", "0,77", ".", "\n", "»", "Evolutivo", "analítico", "al", "inicio", "del", "ingreso", ":", "\n", "-", "Hemoglobina", "13,8", "-", ">", "13,8", "-", ">", "12,7", "-", ">", "9,8", "-", ">", "10.5", ".", "\n", "-", "Plaquetas", "139.000", "-", ">", "84.000", "-", ">", "70.000", "-", ">", "50.000", "-", ">", "46.000", ".", "\n", "-", "Leucocitos", "10.200", "-", ">", "17.800", "-", ">", "23.000", "-", ">", "15.000", "-", ">", "18.600", ".", "\n", "»", "Frotis", "de", "sangre", "periférica", ":", "anemia", "con", "discreta", "anisocitosis", "normocítica", ",", "se", "ven", "hematíes", "macrocíticos", ",", "esferocitos", "(", "algunos", "microesferocitos", ")", "y", "esquistocitos", "aproximadamente", "del", "2", "%", ",", "leucocitosis", "con", "neutrofilia", ",", "trombopenia", ".", "Diagnóstico", ":", "anemia", "regenerativa", "sugestiva", "de", "microangiopatía", "\n", "»", "Coombs", "directo", ":", "negativo", ".", "\n", "»", "TC", "cuerpo", ":", "se", "observa", "la", "lesión", "metastásica", "en", "L5", "conocida", "asociada", "a", "un", "componente", "de", "partes", "blandas", "con", "impronta", "en", "el", "canal", "raquídeo", "y", "afectación", "de", "la", "raíz", "L5-S1", ".", "Se", "evidencia", "una", "afectación", "osteolítica", "difusa", ".", "No", "se", "observan", "lesiones", "sugerentes", "de", "tumoración", "primaria", "en", "el", "resto", "del", "cuerpo", ".", "\n", "»", "Resonancia", "magnética", "de", "la", "columna", "(", "realizada", "fuera", "de", "nuestro", "centro", "):", "se", "confirma", "afectación", "ósea", "difusa", "con", "componente", "de", "partes", "blandas", "a", "nivel", "de", "L5", "que", "impronta", "en", "el", "canal", "raquídeo", ".", "\n", "»", "TC", "craneal", ":", "sin", "alteraciones", "de", "interés", ".", "\n", "»", "Biopsia", "de", "médula", "ósea", ":", "se", "observa", "una", "infiltración", "multifocal", "por", "un", "adenocarcinoma", "pobremente", "diferenciado", "con", "células", "en", "anillo", "de", "sello", ".", "El", "perfil", "inmunohistoquímico", "sugiere", "un", "origen", "digestivo", "(", "positivo", "para", "citoqueratinas", "CEA", ",", "AE1", "/", "AE3", ",", "CK7", ",", "CK19", ",", "CK20", "/", "CDX2", "/", "CA19.9", "(", "minoritario", ")", ";", "negativo", "para", "CD45", "/", "CA125", "/", "TTF1", ")", ".", "Her-2", "/", "Neu", "negativo", ".", "\n", "»", "Endoscopia", "digestiva", "alta", ":", "gastritis", "nodular", ".", "No", "se", "observan", "lesiones", "neoplásicas", ".", "\n", "»", "Colonoscopia", ":", "pólipo", "en", "el", "recto", ",", "que", "se", "reseca", ".", "Anatomía", "patológica", ":", "hiperplasia", ".", "\n", "»", "PET", "-", "TC", ":", "alta", "probabilidad", "de", "malignidad", "en", "múltiples", "lesiones", "óseas", "sugestivas", "de", "afectación", "metastásica", ".", "Asimetría", "de", "captación", "en", "el", "cavum", "izquierdo", ".", "No", "se", "observa", "captación", "sugestiva", "de", "malignidad", "en", "el", "resto", "del", "cuerpo", ".", "\n", "»", "Punción", "aspiración", "con", "aguja", "fina", "del", "tiroides", ":", "bocio", "multinodular", ".", "\n", "»", "Biopsia", "de", "cavum", ":", "no", "infiltración", "neoplásica", ".", "\n", "»", "Evolutivo", "analítico", "al", "iniciar", "el", "primer", "ciclo", "de", "quimioterapia", ":", "\n", "-", "Hemoglobina", "9,5", "-", ">", "9,2", "-", ">", "8,8", "-", ">", "9,1", ".", "\n", "-", "Plaquetas", "84.000", "-", ">", "62.000", "-", ">", "47.000", "-", ">", "23.000", ".", "\n", "-", "Leucocitos", "15.600", "-", ">", "12.100", "-", ">", "7.500", "-", ">", "5.800", ".", "\n", "-", "Bilirrubina", "4,1", "-", ">", "3,8", "-", ">", "4,1", "-", ">", "4,1", ".", "\n", "-", "LDH", "313", "-", ">", "294", "-", ">", "491", "-", ">", "688", ".", "\n", "»", "Evolutivo", "analítico", "tras", "segundo", "ciclo", "de", "quimioterapia", ":", "\n", "-", "Hemoglobina", "8,9", "-", ">", "10,2", "-", ">", "9,0", "-", ">", "8,8", ".", "\n", "-", "Plaquetas", "36.000", "-", ">", "34.000", "-", ">", "54.000", "-", ">", "80.000", ".", "\n", "-", "Leucocitos", "2300", "-", ">", "4000", "-", ">", "3800", "-", ">", "3100", ".", "\n", "-", "Bilirrubina", "1,3", "-", ">", "1,1", "-", ">", "0,8", "-", ">", "0,9", ".", "\n", "-", "LDH", "472", "-", ">", "476", "-", ">", "398", "-", ">", "371", ".", "\n\n", "Diagnóstico", "\n", "Metástasis", "óseas", "difusas", "con", "infiltración", "en", "la", "médula", "ósea", "de", "células", "en", "anillo", "de", "sello", "de", "probable", "origen", "digestivo", ".", "Sin", "tumoración", "primaria", "conocida", ".", "\n", "Anemia", "hemolítica", "microangiopática", "paraneoplásica", ".", "\n\n", "Tratamiento", "\n", "Ante", "el", "diagnóstico", "de", "metástasis", "óseas", "difusas", "sin", "un", "tumor", "primario", "conocido", ",", "se", "decide", "en", "comité", "de", "tumores", "comenzar", "tratamiento", "con", "quimioterapia", "a", "pesar", "de", "factores", "limitantes", "como", "trombopenia", "grado", "4", "con", "requerimiento", "transfusional", "diario", "para", "mantener", "las", "plaquetas", ">", "50.000", ".", "Se", "decide", "tratamiento", "dirigido", "a", "la", "sospecha", "de", "origen", "digestivo", "con", "esquema", "mFOLFOX4", "con", "disminución", "del", "20", "%", "de", "dosis", "inicialmente", "(", "oxaliplatino", "85", "mg", "/", "m2", "día", "1", "+", "leucovorín", "400", "mg", "/", "m2", "en", "día", "1", "+", "5-fluorouracilo", "400", "mg", "/", "m2", "en", "bolo", "día", "1", "+", "5-fluorouracilo", "600", "mg", "/", "m2", "/", "día", "en", "infusión", "continua", "de", "24", "horas", "días", "1", "y", "2", ")", ",", "empezándose", "en", "febrero", "de", "2014", ".", "Posteriormente", ",", "tras", "el", "segundo", "ciclo", "se", "continúa", "con", "esquema", "mFOLFOX6", "(", "oxaliplatino", "85", "mg", "/", "m2", "día", "1", "+", "leucovorín", "400", "mg", "/", "m2", "en", "día", "1", "+", "5-fluorouracilo", "400", "mg", "/", "m2", "en", "bolo", "día", "1", "+", "5-fluorouracilo", "2.400", "mg", "/", "m2", "/", "día", "en", "infusión", "continua", "durante", "48", "horas", ")", "por", "comodidad", "de", "administración", "ambulatoria", "y", "para", "disminuir", "el", "riesgo", "de", "mielotoxicidad", ".", "Se", "inició", "tratamiento", "con", "ácido", "zoledrónico", "antes", "de", "la", "quimioterapia", ".", "\n\n", "Evolución", "\n", "Debido", "a", "la", "extensa", "afectación", "ósea", ",", "el", "paciente", "presentaba", "dos", "principales", "complicaciones", ":", "1", ")", "mal", "control", "del", "dolor", "por", "aplastamiento", "de", "L5", ",", "sin", "compresión", "medular", "asociada", "por", "nivel", "afectado", ";", "2", ")", "anemia", "hemolítica", "microangiopática", "asociada", "a", "trombopenia", "grado", "4", "de", "carácter", "paraneoplásico", ".", "\n", "Desde", "el", "ingreso", ",", "el", "paciente", "presentaba", "una", "importante", "anemización", "multifactorial", ":", "anemia", "hemolítica", "microangiopática", "y", "diátesis", "hemorrágica", "secundaria", "a", "trombopenia", "(", "sangrado", "gastrointestinal", "tras", "resección", "de", "un", "pólipo", "rectal", "y", "sangrado", "tras", "biopsia", "de", "cavum", ")", ";", "por", "lo", "tanto", ",", "el", "paciente", "requería", "soporte", "transfusional", "diario", "de", "hematíes", ",", "plaquetas", "y", "fibrinógeno", ",", "con", "bajo", "rendimiento", ".", "\n", "Se", "decidió", "iniciar", "tratamiento", "quimioterápico", "urgentemente", "a", "pesar", "de", "la", "importante", "citopenia", "y", "riesgo", "de", "diátesis", "hemorrágica", "debido", "a", "que", "esta", "era", "secundaria", "a", "infiltración", "tumoral", "y", "una", "MAHA", "paraneoplásica", ",", "siendo", "la", "quimioterapia", "la", "única", "opción", "terapéutica", "en", "esta", "situación", ".", "\n", "Tras", "el", "primer", "ciclo", ",", "el", "paciente", "aún", "persistía", "con", "trombopenia", "<", "30.000", ",", "requiriendo", "transfusión", "de", "plaquetas", "diarias", ",", "al", "igual", "que", "de", "concentrados", "de", "hematíes", "para", "mantener", "la", "hemoglobina", ">", "9", "g", "/", "dl", ".", "\n", "También", "se", "notó", "un", "ascenso", "de", "bilirrubina", "y", "LDH", "en", "probable", "relación", "con", "hemólisis", "mantenida", ".", "Tras", "el", "segundo", "ciclo", ",", "el", "paciente", "logra", "una", "estabilidad", "de", "cifras", "plaquetarias", "en", "torno", "a", "40.000", "sin", "requerimiento", "de", "transfusiones", ",", "y", "tras", "el", "tercer", "ciclo", "comienza", "a", "presentar", "un", "aumento", "exponencial", "de", "las", "cifras", "plaquetarias", "y", "de", "hemoglobina", ",", "al", "igual", "que", "progresivamente", "presentaba", "un", "descenso", "de", "marcadores", "de", "hemólisis", "(", "LDH", "y", "bilirrubina", ")", ",", "hasta", "lograr", "la", "normalización", "de", "todos", "los", "valores", ".", "En", "general", ",", "la", "quimioterapia", "fue", "muy", "bien", "tolerada", "por", "parte", "del", "paciente", ",", "presentando", "astenia", "grado", "1", "como", "toxicidad", "relevante", "al", "inicio", ";", "posteriormente", "se", "suspendió", "el", "oxaliplatino", "tras", "el", "15º", "ciclo", "por", "neuropatía", "grado", "2", "persistente", ".", "\n", "En", "cuanto", "a", "la", "clínica", "de", "dolor", ",", "el", "paciente", "requirió", "inicialmente", "dosis", "altas", "de", "fentanilo", "transdérmico", "con", "frecuentes", "rescates", "de", "fentanilo", "transmucoso", "para", "crisis", "irruptivas", "de", "dolor", ",", "logrando", "una", "mejoría", "progresiva", "del", "dolor", "tras", "administrar", "radioterapia", "antiálgica", ",", "con", "menor", "requerimiento", "de", "opioides", "y", "capacidad", "de", "deambulación", "por", "parte", "del", "paciente", ".", "\n\n", "Hasta", "la", "fecha", "continúa", "tratamiento", "quimioterápico", "activo", ",", "con", "muy", "buena", "tolerancia", "y", "con", "buen", "estado", "general", "(", "ECOG", "1", ")", ",", "pudiendo", "deambular", "sin", "ayuda", "y", "sin", "requerimiento", "de", "opioides", ".", "Ha", "continuado", "su", "seguimiento", "con", "TC", ",", "gammagrafía", "ósea", "y", "analíticas", ",", "sin", "evidencia", "de", "progresión", "tumoral", "hasta", "la", "fecha", ".", "\n", "En", "la", "última", "TC", "(", "febrero", "de", "2015", ")", "persistían", "las", "lesiones", "óseas", "conocidas", ",", "pero", "sin", "evidencia", "de", "progresión", "de", "la", "enfermedad", "." ]	[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]
metastásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, afectación osteolítica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoración is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, afectación ósea is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplásicas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, malignidad is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones óseas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metastásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, malignidad is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, células en anillo de sello is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoración is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, sin un tumor primario conocido is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, afectación ósea is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoral is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoral is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones óseas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA	35_task1	Sentence: Anamnesis Un varón de 54 años debuta en noviembre de 2013 con lumbalgia que no cede a pesar de analgesia de primer escalón, por lo cual es valorado por Traumatología en un centro privado. Se realiza una resonancia magnética de columna lumbar, en la que se evidencia un abombamiento posterior de L5 que disminuye el espacio aracnoideo anterior. También se realiza una gammagrafía ósea, en la que se observa una captación patológica osteoblástica extensa en todo el esqueleto axial, costillas, cráneo y ambos fémures. Ante la dificultad para deambular secundaria al empeoramiento del dolor, el paciente ingresa en nuestro centro en enero de 2014 para completar el estudio. Exploración física General: ECOG 2 por lumbalgia intensa. Palidez cutánea, alerta, eupneico, bien hidratado, bien perfundido. Cabeza y cuello: no adenopatías, no ingurgitación venosa yugular, mucosa oral sin lesiones. Auscultación cardiopulmonar: sin hallazgos relevantes. Abdomen: ruidos hidroaéreos positivos, blando y depresible, no dolor a la palpación, no se palpan masas ni organomegalias. Sistema locomotor: simetría de las cuatro extremidades, eutróficas. Dolor a la espinopresión de la columna lumbar, en especial en lumbares bajas. Pulsos conservados, no signos de TVP. Neurológico: consciente y orientado en las tres esferas, pares craneales sin alteraciones, sensibilidad sin alteraciones, fuerza conservada en las cuatro extremidades (5/5), reflejos osteotendinosos conservados, salvo leve hiporreflexia patelar derecha, marcha difícilmente explorable por dolor, no disdiadococinesia. Pruebas complementarias » Analítica sanguínea inicial. Hemograma: Hb 13,8 g/dl. Reticulocitos absolutos 124.000 (valor normal 20.000-75.000). Plaquetas 139.000. Leucocitos 10.200 (neutrófilos 7,400). Hemostasia: TP 12,5s, INR 1,13, fibrinógeno 312. Bioquímica: AST 27 UI/l, ALT 30 UI/l, bilirrubina 1,5 UI/l, GGT 24 UI/l, fosfatasa alcalina 1.752 UI/l, LDH 232 UI/l, creatinina 0,95 mg/dl, urea 26 mg/dl, sodio 142 mEq/l, potasio 4,2 mEq/l. » Marcadores tumorales: alfa-fetoproteína 6,9. CEA 37,6. CA-125 5. CA 15-3 11. CA-19-9 26. CYFRA 21-1 11,9. PSA 0,77. » Evolutivo analítico al inicio del ingreso: - Hemoglobina 13,8 -> 13,8 -> 12,7 -> 9,8 -> 10.5. - Plaquetas 139.000 -> 84.000 -> 70.000 -> 50.000 -> 46.000. - Leucocitos 10.200 -> 17.800 -> 23.000 -> 15.000 -> 18.600. » Frotis de sangre periférica: anemia con discreta anisocitosis normocítica, se ven hematíes macrocíticos, esferocitos (algunos microesferocitos) y esquistocitos aproximadamente del 2%, leucocitosis con neutrofilia, trombopenia. Diagnóstico: anemia regenerativa sugestiva de microangiopatía » Coombs directo: negativo. » TC cuerpo: se observa la lesión metastásica en L5 conocida asociada a un componente de partes blandas con impronta en el canal raquídeo y afectación de la raíz L5-S1. Se evidencia una afectación osteolítica difusa. No se observan lesiones sugerentes de tumoración primaria en el resto del cuerpo. » Resonancia magnética de la columna (realizada fuera de nuestro centro): se confirma afectación ósea difusa con componente de partes blandas a nivel de L5 que impronta en el canal raquídeo. » TC craneal: sin alteraciones de interés. » Biopsia de médula ósea: se observa una infiltración multifocal por un adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello. El perfil inmunohistoquímico sugiere un origen digestivo (positivo para citoqueratinas CEA, AE1/AE3, CK7, CK19, CK20/CDX2/CA19.9 (minoritario); negativo para CD45/CA125/TTF1). Her-2/Neu negativo. » Endoscopia digestiva alta: gastritis nodular. No se observan lesiones neoplásicas. » Colonoscopia: pólipo en el recto, que se reseca. Anatomía patológica: hiperplasia. » PET-TC: alta probabilidad de malignidad en múltiples lesiones óseas sugestivas de afectación metastásica. Asimetría de captación en el cavum izquierdo. No se observa captación sugestiva de malignidad en el resto del cuerpo. » Punción aspiración con aguja fina del tiroides: bocio multinodular. » Biopsia de cavum: no infiltración neoplásica. » Evolutivo analítico al iniciar el primer ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 9,5 -> 9,2 -> 8,8 -> 9,1. - Plaquetas 84.000 -> 62.000 -> 47.000 -> 23.000. - Leucocitos 15.600 -> 12.100 -> 7.500 -> 5.800. - Bilirrubina 4,1 -> 3,8 -> 4,1 -> 4,1. - LDH 313 -> 294 -> 491 -> 688. » Evolutivo analítico tras segundo ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 8,9 -> 10,2 -> 9,0 -> 8,8. - Plaquetas 36.000 -> 34.000 -> 54.000 -> 80.000. - Leucocitos 2300 -> 4000 -> 3800 -> 3100. - Bilirrubina 1,3 -> 1,1 -> 0,8 -> 0,9. - LDH 472 -> 476 -> 398 -> 371. Diagnóstico Metástasis óseas difusas con infiltración en la médula ósea de células en anillo de sello de probable origen digestivo. Sin tumoración primaria conocida. Anemia hemolítica microangiopática paraneoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de metástasis óseas difusas sin un tumor primario conocido, se decide en comité de tumores comenzar tratamiento con quimioterapia a pesar de factores limitantes como trombopenia grado 4 con requerimiento transfusional diario para mantener las plaquetas > 50.000. Se decide tratamiento dirigido a la sospecha de origen digestivo con esquema mFOLFOX4 con disminución del 20% de dosis inicialmente (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 600 mg/m2/día en infusión continua de 24 horas días 1 y 2), empezándose en febrero de 2014. Posteriormente, tras el segundo ciclo se continúa con esquema mFOLFOX6 (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 2.400 mg/m2/día en infusión continua durante 48 horas) por comodidad de administración ambulatoria y para disminuir el riesgo de mielotoxicidad. Se inició tratamiento con ácido zoledrónico antes de la quimioterapia. Evolución Debido a la extensa afectación ósea, el paciente presentaba dos principales complicaciones: 1) mal control del dolor por aplastamiento de L5, sin compresión medular asociada por nivel afectado; 2) anemia hemolítica microangiopática asociada a trombopenia grado 4 de carácter paraneoplásico. Desde el ingreso, el paciente presentaba una importante anemización multifactorial: anemia hemolítica microangiopática y diátesis hemorrágica secundaria a trombopenia (sangrado gastrointestinal tras resección de un pólipo rectal y sangrado tras biopsia de cavum); por lo tanto, el paciente requería soporte transfusional diario de hematíes, plaquetas y fibrinógeno, con bajo rendimiento. Se decidió iniciar tratamiento quimioterápico urgentemente a pesar de la importante citopenia y riesgo de diátesis hemorrágica debido a que esta era secundaria a infiltración tumoral y una MAHA paraneoplásica, siendo la quimioterapia la única opción terapéutica en esta situación. Tras el primer ciclo, el paciente aún persistía con trombopenia < 30.000, requiriendo transfusión de plaquetas diarias, al igual que de concentrados de hematíes para mantener la hemoglobina > 9 g/dl. También se notó un ascenso de bilirrubina y LDH en probable relación con hemólisis mantenida. Tras el segundo ciclo, el paciente logra una estabilidad de cifras plaquetarias en torno a 40.000 sin requerimiento de transfusiones, y tras el tercer ciclo comienza a presentar un aumento exponencial de las cifras plaquetarias y de hemoglobina, al igual que progresivamente presentaba un descenso de marcadores de hemólisis (LDH y bilirrubina), hasta lograr la normalización de todos los valores. En general, la quimioterapia fue muy bien tolerada por parte del paciente, presentando astenia grado 1 como toxicidad relevante al inicio; posteriormente se suspendió el oxaliplatino tras el 15º ciclo por neuropatía grado 2 persistente. En cuanto a la clínica de dolor, el paciente requirió inicialmente dosis altas de fentanilo transdérmico con frecuentes rescates de fentanilo transmucoso para crisis irruptivas de dolor, logrando una mejoría progresiva del dolor tras administrar radioterapia antiálgica, con menor requerimiento de opioides y capacidad de deambulación por parte del paciente. Hasta la fecha continúa tratamiento quimioterápico activo, con muy buena tolerancia y con buen estado general (ECOG 1), pudiendo deambular sin ayuda y sin requerimiento de opioides. Ha continuado su seguimiento con TC, gammagrafía ósea y analíticas, sin evidencia de progresión tumoral hasta la fecha. En la última TC (febrero de 2015) persistían las lesiones óseas conocidas, pero sin evidencia de progresión de la enfermedad. 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Se realiza una resonancia magnética de columna lumbar, en la que se evidencia un abombamiento posterior de L5 que disminuye el espacio aracnoideo anterior. También se realiza una gammagrafía ósea, en la que se observa una captación patológica osteoblástica extensa en todo el esqueleto axial, costillas, cráneo y ambos fémures. Ante la dificultad para deambular secundaria al empeoramiento del dolor, el paciente ingresa en nuestro centro en enero de 2014 para completar el estudio. Exploración física General: ECOG 2 por lumbalgia intensa. Palidez cutánea, alerta, eupneico, bien hidratado, bien perfundido. Cabeza y cuello: no adenopatías, no ingurgitación venosa yugular, mucosa oral sin lesiones. Auscultación cardiopulmonar: sin hallazgos relevantes. Abdomen: ruidos hidroaéreos positivos, blando y depresible, no dolor a la palpación, no se palpan masas ni organomegalias. Sistema locomotor: simetría de las cuatro extremidades, eutróficas. Dolor a la espinopresión de la columna lumbar, en especial en lumbares bajas. Pulsos conservados, no signos de TVP. Neurológico: consciente y orientado en las tres esferas, pares craneales sin alteraciones, sensibilidad sin alteraciones, fuerza conservada en las cuatro extremidades (5/5), reflejos osteotendinosos conservados, salvo leve hiporreflexia patelar derecha, marcha difícilmente explorable por dolor, no disdiadococinesia. Pruebas complementarias » Analítica sanguínea inicial. Hemograma: Hb 13,8 g/dl. Reticulocitos absolutos 124.000 (valor normal 20.000-75.000). Plaquetas 139.000. Leucocitos 10.200 (neutrófilos 7,400). Hemostasia: TP 12,5s, INR 1,13, fibrinógeno 312. Bioquímica: AST 27 UI/l, ALT 30 UI/l, bilirrubina 1,5 UI/l, GGT 24 UI/l, fosfatasa alcalina 1.752 UI/l, LDH 232 UI/l, creatinina 0,95 mg/dl, urea 26 mg/dl, sodio 142 mEq/l, potasio 4,2 mEq/l. » Marcadores tumorales: alfa-fetoproteína 6,9. CEA 37,6. CA-125 5. CA 15-3 11. CA-19-9 26. CYFRA 21-1 11,9. PSA 0,77. » Evolutivo analítico al inicio del ingreso: - Hemoglobina 13,8 -> 13,8 -> 12,7 -> 9,8 -> 10.5. - Plaquetas 139.000 -> 84.000 -> 70.000 -> 50.000 -> 46.000. - Leucocitos 10.200 -> 17.800 -> 23.000 -> 15.000 -> 18.600. » Frotis de sangre periférica: anemia con discreta anisocitosis normocítica, se ven hematíes macrocíticos, esferocitos (algunos microesferocitos) y esquistocitos aproximadamente del 2%, leucocitosis con neutrofilia, trombopenia. Diagnóstico: anemia regenerativa sugestiva de microangiopatía » Coombs directo: negativo. » TC cuerpo: se observa la lesión metastásica en L5 conocida asociada a un componente de partes blandas con impronta en el canal raquídeo y afectación de la raíz L5-S1. Se evidencia una afectación osteolítica difusa. No se observan lesiones sugerentes de tumoración primaria en el resto del cuerpo. » Resonancia magnética de la columna (realizada fuera de nuestro centro): se confirma afectación ósea difusa con componente de partes blandas a nivel de L5 que impronta en el canal raquídeo. » TC craneal: sin alteraciones de interés. » Biopsia de médula ósea: se observa una infiltración multifocal por un adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello. El perfil inmunohistoquímico sugiere un origen digestivo (positivo para citoqueratinas CEA, AE1/AE3, CK7, CK19, CK20/CDX2/CA19.9 (minoritario); negativo para CD45/CA125/TTF1). Her-2/Neu negativo. » Endoscopia digestiva alta: gastritis nodular. No se observan lesiones neoplásicas. » Colonoscopia: pólipo en el recto, que se reseca. Anatomía patológica: hiperplasia. » PET-TC: alta probabilidad de malignidad en múltiples lesiones óseas sugestivas de afectación metastásica. Asimetría de captación en el cavum izquierdo. No se observa captación sugestiva de malignidad en el resto del cuerpo. » Punción aspiración con aguja fina del tiroides: bocio multinodular. » Biopsia de cavum: no infiltración neoplásica. » Evolutivo analítico al iniciar el primer ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 9,5 -> 9,2 -> 8,8 -> 9,1. - Plaquetas 84.000 -> 62.000 -> 47.000 -> 23.000. - Leucocitos 15.600 -> 12.100 -> 7.500 -> 5.800. - Bilirrubina 4,1 -> 3,8 -> 4,1 -> 4,1. - LDH 313 -> 294 -> 491 -> 688. » Evolutivo analítico tras segundo ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 8,9 -> 10,2 -> 9,0 -> 8,8. - Plaquetas 36.000 -> 34.000 -> 54.000 -> 80.000. - Leucocitos 2300 -> 4000 -> 3800 -> 3100. - Bilirrubina 1,3 -> 1,1 -> 0,8 -> 0,9. - LDH 472 -> 476 -> 398 -> 371. Diagnóstico Metástasis óseas difusas con infiltración en la médula ósea de células en anillo de sello de probable origen digestivo. Sin tumoración primaria conocida. Anemia hemolítica microangiopática paraneoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de metástasis óseas difusas sin un tumor primario conocido, se decide en comité de tumores comenzar tratamiento con quimioterapia a pesar de factores limitantes como trombopenia grado 4 con requerimiento transfusional diario para mantener las plaquetas > 50.000. Se decide tratamiento dirigido a la sospecha de origen digestivo con esquema mFOLFOX4 con disminución del 20% de dosis inicialmente (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 600 mg/m2/día en infusión continua de 24 horas días 1 y 2), empezándose en febrero de 2014. Posteriormente, tras el segundo ciclo se continúa con esquema mFOLFOX6 (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 2.400 mg/m2/día en infusión continua durante 48 horas) por comodidad de administración ambulatoria y para disminuir el riesgo de mielotoxicidad. Se inició tratamiento con ácido zoledrónico antes de la quimioterapia. Evolución Debido a la extensa afectación ósea, el paciente presentaba dos principales complicaciones: 1) mal control del dolor por aplastamiento de L5, sin compresión medular asociada por nivel afectado; 2) anemia hemolítica microangiopática asociada a trombopenia grado 4 de carácter paraneoplásico. Desde el ingreso, el paciente presentaba una importante anemización multifactorial: anemia hemolítica microangiopática y diátesis hemorrágica secundaria a trombopenia (sangrado gastrointestinal tras resección de un pólipo rectal y sangrado tras biopsia de cavum); por lo tanto, el paciente requería soporte transfusional diario de hematíes, plaquetas y fibrinógeno, con bajo rendimiento. Se decidió iniciar tratamiento quimioterápico urgentemente a pesar de la importante citopenia y riesgo de diátesis hemorrágica debido a que esta era secundaria a infiltración tumoral y una MAHA paraneoplásica, siendo la quimioterapia la única opción terapéutica en esta situación. Tras el primer ciclo, el paciente aún persistía con trombopenia < 30.000, requiriendo transfusión de plaquetas diarias, al igual que de concentrados de hematíes para mantener la hemoglobina > 9 g/dl. También se notó un ascenso de bilirrubina y LDH en probable relación con hemólisis mantenida. Tras el segundo ciclo, el paciente logra una estabilidad de cifras plaquetarias en torno a 40.000 sin requerimiento de transfusiones, y tras el tercer ciclo comienza a presentar un aumento exponencial de las cifras plaquetarias y de hemoglobina, al igual que progresivamente presentaba un descenso de marcadores de hemólisis (LDH y bilirrubina), hasta lograr la normalización de todos los valores. En general, la quimioterapia fue muy bien tolerada por parte del paciente, presentando astenia grado 1 como toxicidad relevante al inicio; posteriormente se suspendió el oxaliplatino tras el 15º ciclo por neuropatía grado 2 persistente. En cuanto a la clínica de dolor, el paciente requirió inicialmente dosis altas de fentanilo transdérmico con frecuentes rescates de fentanilo transmucoso para crisis irruptivas de dolor, logrando una mejoría progresiva del dolor tras administrar radioterapia antiálgica, con menor requerimiento de opioides y capacidad de deambulación por parte del paciente. Hasta la fecha continúa tratamiento quimioterápico activo, con muy buena tolerancia y con buen estado general (ECOG 1), pudiendo deambular sin ayuda y sin requerimiento de opioides. Ha continuado su seguimiento con TC, gammagrafía ósea y analíticas, sin evidencia de progresión tumoral hasta la fecha. En la última TC (febrero de 2015) persistían las lesiones óseas conocidas, pero sin evidencia de progresión de la enfermedad.	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metastásica, afectación osteolítica, tumoración, afectación ósea, adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello, neoplásicas, malignidad, lesiones óseas, metastásica, malignidad, neoplásica, Metástasis, células en anillo de sello, tumoración, metástasis, sin un tumor primario conocido, afectación ósea, tumoral, tumoral, lesiones óseas	35_task2	Sentence: Anamnesis Un varón de 54 años debuta en noviembre de 2013 con lumbalgia que no cede a pesar de analgesia de primer escalón, por lo cual es valorado por Traumatología en un centro privado. Se realiza una resonancia magnética de columna lumbar, en la que se evidencia un abombamiento posterior de L5 que disminuye el espacio aracnoideo anterior. También se realiza una gammagrafía ósea, en la que se observa una captación patológica osteoblástica extensa en todo el esqueleto axial, costillas, cráneo y ambos fémures. Ante la dificultad para deambular secundaria al empeoramiento del dolor, el paciente ingresa en nuestro centro en enero de 2014 para completar el estudio. Exploración física General: ECOG 2 por lumbalgia intensa. Palidez cutánea, alerta, eupneico, bien hidratado, bien perfundido. Cabeza y cuello: no adenopatías, no ingurgitación venosa yugular, mucosa oral sin lesiones. Auscultación cardiopulmonar: sin hallazgos relevantes. Abdomen: ruidos hidroaéreos positivos, blando y depresible, no dolor a la palpación, no se palpan masas ni organomegalias. Sistema locomotor: simetría de las cuatro extremidades, eutróficas. Dolor a la espinopresión de la columna lumbar, en especial en lumbares bajas. Pulsos conservados, no signos de TVP. Neurológico: consciente y orientado en las tres esferas, pares craneales sin alteraciones, sensibilidad sin alteraciones, fuerza conservada en las cuatro extremidades (5/5), reflejos osteotendinosos conservados, salvo leve hiporreflexia patelar derecha, marcha difícilmente explorable por dolor, no disdiadococinesia. Pruebas complementarias » Analítica sanguínea inicial. Hemograma: Hb 13,8 g/dl. Reticulocitos absolutos 124.000 (valor normal 20.000-75.000). Plaquetas 139.000. Leucocitos 10.200 (neutrófilos 7,400). Hemostasia: TP 12,5s, INR 1,13, fibrinógeno 312. Bioquímica: AST 27 UI/l, ALT 30 UI/l, bilirrubina 1,5 UI/l, GGT 24 UI/l, fosfatasa alcalina 1.752 UI/l, LDH 232 UI/l, creatinina 0,95 mg/dl, urea 26 mg/dl, sodio 142 mEq/l, potasio 4,2 mEq/l. » Marcadores tumorales: alfa-fetoproteína 6,9. CEA 37,6. CA-125 5. CA 15-3 11. CA-19-9 26. CYFRA 21-1 11,9. PSA 0,77. » Evolutivo analítico al inicio del ingreso: - Hemoglobina 13,8 -> 13,8 -> 12,7 -> 9,8 -> 10.5. - Plaquetas 139.000 -> 84.000 -> 70.000 -> 50.000 -> 46.000. - Leucocitos 10.200 -> 17.800 -> 23.000 -> 15.000 -> 18.600. » Frotis de sangre periférica: anemia con discreta anisocitosis normocítica, se ven hematíes macrocíticos, esferocitos (algunos microesferocitos) y esquistocitos aproximadamente del 2%, leucocitosis con neutrofilia, trombopenia. Diagnóstico: anemia regenerativa sugestiva de microangiopatía » Coombs directo: negativo. » TC cuerpo: se observa la lesión metastásica en L5 conocida asociada a un componente de partes blandas con impronta en el canal raquídeo y afectación de la raíz L5-S1. Se evidencia una afectación osteolítica difusa. No se observan lesiones sugerentes de tumoración primaria en el resto del cuerpo. » Resonancia magnética de la columna (realizada fuera de nuestro centro): se confirma afectación ósea difusa con componente de partes blandas a nivel de L5 que impronta en el canal raquídeo. » TC craneal: sin alteraciones de interés. » Biopsia de médula ósea: se observa una infiltración multifocal por un adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello. El perfil inmunohistoquímico sugiere un origen digestivo (positivo para citoqueratinas CEA, AE1/AE3, CK7, CK19, CK20/CDX2/CA19.9 (minoritario); negativo para CD45/CA125/TTF1). Her-2/Neu negativo. » Endoscopia digestiva alta: gastritis nodular. No se observan lesiones neoplásicas. » Colonoscopia: pólipo en el recto, que se reseca. Anatomía patológica: hiperplasia. » PET-TC: alta probabilidad de malignidad en múltiples lesiones óseas sugestivas de afectación metastásica. Asimetría de captación en el cavum izquierdo. No se observa captación sugestiva de malignidad en el resto del cuerpo. » Punción aspiración con aguja fina del tiroides: bocio multinodular. » Biopsia de cavum: no infiltración neoplásica. » Evolutivo analítico al iniciar el primer ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 9,5 -> 9,2 -> 8,8 -> 9,1. - Plaquetas 84.000 -> 62.000 -> 47.000 -> 23.000. - Leucocitos 15.600 -> 12.100 -> 7.500 -> 5.800. - Bilirrubina 4,1 -> 3,8 -> 4,1 -> 4,1. - LDH 313 -> 294 -> 491 -> 688. » Evolutivo analítico tras segundo ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 8,9 -> 10,2 -> 9,0 -> 8,8. - Plaquetas 36.000 -> 34.000 -> 54.000 -> 80.000. - Leucocitos 2300 -> 4000 -> 3800 -> 3100. - Bilirrubina 1,3 -> 1,1 -> 0,8 -> 0,9. - LDH 472 -> 476 -> 398 -> 371. Diagnóstico Metástasis óseas difusas con infiltración en la médula ósea de células en anillo de sello de probable origen digestivo. Sin tumoración primaria conocida. Anemia hemolítica microangiopática paraneoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de metástasis óseas difusas sin un tumor primario conocido, se decide en comité de tumores comenzar tratamiento con quimioterapia a pesar de factores limitantes como trombopenia grado 4 con requerimiento transfusional diario para mantener las plaquetas > 50.000. Se decide tratamiento dirigido a la sospecha de origen digestivo con esquema mFOLFOX4 con disminución del 20% de dosis inicialmente (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 600 mg/m2/día en infusión continua de 24 horas días 1 y 2), empezándose en febrero de 2014. Posteriormente, tras el segundo ciclo se continúa con esquema mFOLFOX6 (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 2.400 mg/m2/día en infusión continua durante 48 horas) por comodidad de administración ambulatoria y para disminuir el riesgo de mielotoxicidad. Se inició tratamiento con ácido zoledrónico antes de la quimioterapia. Evolución Debido a la extensa afectación ósea, el paciente presentaba dos principales complicaciones: 1) mal control del dolor por aplastamiento de L5, sin compresión medular asociada por nivel afectado; 2) anemia hemolítica microangiopática asociada a trombopenia grado 4 de carácter paraneoplásico. Desde el ingreso, el paciente presentaba una importante anemización multifactorial: anemia hemolítica microangiopática y diátesis hemorrágica secundaria a trombopenia (sangrado gastrointestinal tras resección de un pólipo rectal y sangrado tras biopsia de cavum); por lo tanto, el paciente requería soporte transfusional diario de hematíes, plaquetas y fibrinógeno, con bajo rendimiento. Se decidió iniciar tratamiento quimioterápico urgentemente a pesar de la importante citopenia y riesgo de diátesis hemorrágica debido a que esta era secundaria a infiltración tumoral y una MAHA paraneoplásica, siendo la quimioterapia la única opción terapéutica en esta situación. Tras el primer ciclo, el paciente aún persistía con trombopenia < 30.000, requiriendo transfusión de plaquetas diarias, al igual que de concentrados de hematíes para mantener la hemoglobina > 9 g/dl. También se notó un ascenso de bilirrubina y LDH en probable relación con hemólisis mantenida. Tras el segundo ciclo, el paciente logra una estabilidad de cifras plaquetarias en torno a 40.000 sin requerimiento de transfusiones, y tras el tercer ciclo comienza a presentar un aumento exponencial de las cifras plaquetarias y de hemoglobina, al igual que progresivamente presentaba un descenso de marcadores de hemólisis (LDH y bilirrubina), hasta lograr la normalización de todos los valores. En general, la quimioterapia fue muy bien tolerada por parte del paciente, presentando astenia grado 1 como toxicidad relevante al inicio; posteriormente se suspendió el oxaliplatino tras el 15º ciclo por neuropatía grado 2 persistente. En cuanto a la clínica de dolor, el paciente requirió inicialmente dosis altas de fentanilo transdérmico con frecuentes rescates de fentanilo transmucoso para crisis irruptivas de dolor, logrando una mejoría progresiva del dolor tras administrar radioterapia antiálgica, con menor requerimiento de opioides y capacidad de deambulación por parte del paciente. Hasta la fecha continúa tratamiento quimioterápico activo, con muy buena tolerancia y con buen estado general (ECOG 1), pudiendo deambular sin ayuda y sin requerimiento de opioides. Ha continuado su seguimiento con TC, gammagrafía ósea y analíticas, sin evidencia de progresión tumoral hasta la fecha. En la última TC (febrero de 2015) persistían las lesiones óseas conocidas, pero sin evidencia de progresión de la enfermedad. 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"B-MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA", "I-MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Anamnesis Un varón de 54 años debuta en noviembre de 2013 con lumbalgia que no cede a pesar de analgesia de primer escalón, por lo cual es valorado por Traumatología en un centro privado. Se realiza una resonancia magnética de columna lumbar, en la que se evidencia un abombamiento posterior de L5 que disminuye el espacio aracnoideo anterior. También se realiza una gammagrafía ósea, en la que se observa una captación patológica osteoblástica extensa en todo el esqueleto axial, costillas, cráneo y ambos fémures. Ante la dificultad para deambular secundaria al empeoramiento del dolor, el paciente ingresa en nuestro centro en enero de 2014 para completar el estudio. Exploración física General: ECOG 2 por lumbalgia intensa. Palidez cutánea, alerta, eupneico, bien hidratado, bien perfundido. Cabeza y cuello: no adenopatías, no ingurgitación venosa yugular, mucosa oral sin lesiones. Auscultación cardiopulmonar: sin hallazgos relevantes. Abdomen: ruidos hidroaéreos positivos, blando y depresible, no dolor a la palpación, no se palpan masas ni organomegalias. Sistema locomotor: simetría de las cuatro extremidades, eutróficas. Dolor a la espinopresión de la columna lumbar, en especial en lumbares bajas. Pulsos conservados, no signos de TVP. Neurológico: consciente y orientado en las tres esferas, pares craneales sin alteraciones, sensibilidad sin alteraciones, fuerza conservada en las cuatro extremidades (5/5), reflejos osteotendinosos conservados, salvo leve hiporreflexia patelar derecha, marcha difícilmente explorable por dolor, no disdiadococinesia. Pruebas complementarias » Analítica sanguínea inicial. Hemograma: Hb 13,8 g/dl. Reticulocitos absolutos 124.000 (valor normal 20.000-75.000). Plaquetas 139.000. Leucocitos 10.200 (neutrófilos 7,400). Hemostasia: TP 12,5s, INR 1,13, fibrinógeno 312. Bioquímica: AST 27 UI/l, ALT 30 UI/l, bilirrubina 1,5 UI/l, GGT 24 UI/l, fosfatasa alcalina 1.752 UI/l, LDH 232 UI/l, creatinina 0,95 mg/dl, urea 26 mg/dl, sodio 142 mEq/l, potasio 4,2 mEq/l. » Marcadores tumorales: alfa-fetoproteína 6,9. CEA 37,6. CA-125 5. CA 15-3 11. CA-19-9 26. CYFRA 21-1 11,9. PSA 0,77. » Evolutivo analítico al inicio del ingreso: - Hemoglobina 13,8 -> 13,8 -> 12,7 -> 9,8 -> 10.5. - Plaquetas 139.000 -> 84.000 -> 70.000 -> 50.000 -> 46.000. - Leucocitos 10.200 -> 17.800 -> 23.000 -> 15.000 -> 18.600. » Frotis de sangre periférica: anemia con discreta anisocitosis normocítica, se ven hematíes macrocíticos, esferocitos (algunos microesferocitos) y esquistocitos aproximadamente del 2%, leucocitosis con neutrofilia, trombopenia. Diagnóstico: anemia regenerativa sugestiva de microangiopatía » Coombs directo: negativo. » TC cuerpo: se observa la lesión metastásica en L5 conocida asociada a un componente de partes blandas con impronta en el canal raquídeo y afectación de la raíz L5-S1. Se evidencia una afectación osteolítica difusa. No se observan lesiones sugerentes de tumoración primaria en el resto del cuerpo. » Resonancia magnética de la columna (realizada fuera de nuestro centro): se confirma afectación ósea difusa con componente de partes blandas a nivel de L5 que impronta en el canal raquídeo. » TC craneal: sin alteraciones de interés. » Biopsia de médula ósea: se observa una infiltración multifocal por un adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello. El perfil inmunohistoquímico sugiere un origen digestivo (positivo para citoqueratinas CEA, AE1/AE3, CK7, CK19, CK20/CDX2/CA19.9 (minoritario); negativo para CD45/CA125/TTF1). Her-2/Neu negativo. » Endoscopia digestiva alta: gastritis nodular. No se observan lesiones neoplásicas. » Colonoscopia: pólipo en el recto, que se reseca. Anatomía patológica: hiperplasia. » PET-TC: alta probabilidad de malignidad en múltiples lesiones óseas sugestivas de afectación metastásica. Asimetría de captación en el cavum izquierdo. No se observa captación sugestiva de malignidad en el resto del cuerpo. » Punción aspiración con aguja fina del tiroides: bocio multinodular. » Biopsia de cavum: no infiltración neoplásica. » Evolutivo analítico al iniciar el primer ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 9,5 -> 9,2 -> 8,8 -> 9,1. - Plaquetas 84.000 -> 62.000 -> 47.000 -> 23.000. - Leucocitos 15.600 -> 12.100 -> 7.500 -> 5.800. - Bilirrubina 4,1 -> 3,8 -> 4,1 -> 4,1. - LDH 313 -> 294 -> 491 -> 688. » Evolutivo analítico tras segundo ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 8,9 -> 10,2 -> 9,0 -> 8,8. - Plaquetas 36.000 -> 34.000 -> 54.000 -> 80.000. - Leucocitos 2300 -> 4000 -> 3800 -> 3100. - Bilirrubina 1,3 -> 1,1 -> 0,8 -> 0,9. - LDH 472 -> 476 -> 398 -> 371. Diagnóstico Metástasis óseas difusas con infiltración en la médula ósea de células en anillo de sello de probable origen digestivo. Sin tumoración primaria conocida. Anemia hemolítica microangiopática paraneoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de metástasis óseas difusas sin un tumor primario conocido, se decide en comité de tumores comenzar tratamiento con quimioterapia a pesar de factores limitantes como trombopenia grado 4 con requerimiento transfusional diario para mantener las plaquetas > 50.000. Se decide tratamiento dirigido a la sospecha de origen digestivo con esquema mFOLFOX4 con disminución del 20% de dosis inicialmente (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 600 mg/m2/día en infusión continua de 24 horas días 1 y 2), empezándose en febrero de 2014. Posteriormente, tras el segundo ciclo se continúa con esquema mFOLFOX6 (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 2.400 mg/m2/día en infusión continua durante 48 horas) por comodidad de administración ambulatoria y para disminuir el riesgo de mielotoxicidad. Se inició tratamiento con ácido zoledrónico antes de la quimioterapia. Evolución Debido a la extensa afectación ósea, el paciente presentaba dos principales complicaciones: 1) mal control del dolor por aplastamiento de L5, sin compresión medular asociada por nivel afectado; 2) anemia hemolítica microangiopática asociada a trombopenia grado 4 de carácter paraneoplásico. Desde el ingreso, el paciente presentaba una importante anemización multifactorial: anemia hemolítica microangiopática y diátesis hemorrágica secundaria a trombopenia (sangrado gastrointestinal tras resección de un pólipo rectal y sangrado tras biopsia de cavum); por lo tanto, el paciente requería soporte transfusional diario de hematíes, plaquetas y fibrinógeno, con bajo rendimiento. Se decidió iniciar tratamiento quimioterápico urgentemente a pesar de la importante citopenia y riesgo de diátesis hemorrágica debido a que esta era secundaria a infiltración tumoral y una MAHA paraneoplásica, siendo la quimioterapia la única opción terapéutica en esta situación. Tras el primer ciclo, el paciente aún persistía con trombopenia < 30.000, requiriendo transfusión de plaquetas diarias, al igual que de concentrados de hematíes para mantener la hemoglobina > 9 g/dl. También se notó un ascenso de bilirrubina y LDH en probable relación con hemólisis mantenida. Tras el segundo ciclo, el paciente logra una estabilidad de cifras plaquetarias en torno a 40.000 sin requerimiento de transfusiones, y tras el tercer ciclo comienza a presentar un aumento exponencial de las cifras plaquetarias y de hemoglobina, al igual que progresivamente presentaba un descenso de marcadores de hemólisis (LDH y bilirrubina), hasta lograr la normalización de todos los valores. En general, la quimioterapia fue muy bien tolerada por parte del paciente, presentando astenia grado 1 como toxicidad relevante al inicio; posteriormente se suspendió el oxaliplatino tras el 15º ciclo por neuropatía grado 2 persistente. En cuanto a la clínica de dolor, el paciente requirió inicialmente dosis altas de fentanilo transdérmico con frecuentes rescates de fentanilo transmucoso para crisis irruptivas de dolor, logrando una mejoría progresiva del dolor tras administrar radioterapia antiálgica, con menor requerimiento de opioides y capacidad de deambulación por parte del paciente. Hasta la fecha continúa tratamiento quimioterápico activo, con muy buena tolerancia y con buen estado general (ECOG 1), pudiendo deambular sin ayuda y sin requerimiento de opioides. Ha continuado su seguimiento con TC, gammagrafía ósea y analíticas, sin evidencia de progresión tumoral hasta la fecha. En la última TC (febrero de 2015) persistían las lesiones óseas conocidas, pero sin evidencia de progresión de la enfermedad.	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"y", "tras", "el", "tercer", "ciclo", "comienza", "a", "presentar", "un", "aumento", "exponencial", "de", "las", "cifras", "plaquetarias", "y", "de", "hemoglobina", ",", "al", "igual", "que", "progresivamente", "presentaba", "un", "descenso", "de", "marcadores", "de", "hemólisis", "(", "LDH", "y", "bilirrubina", ")", ",", "hasta", "lograr", "la", "normalización", "de", "todos", "los", "valores", ".", "En", "general", ",", "la", "quimioterapia", "fue", "muy", "bien", "tolerada", "por", "parte", "del", "paciente", ",", "presentando", "astenia", "grado", "1", "como", "toxicidad", "relevante", "al", "inicio", ";", "posteriormente", "se", "suspendió", "el", "oxaliplatino", "tras", "el", "15º", "ciclo", "por", "neuropatía", "grado", "2", "persistente", ".", "\n", "En", "cuanto", "a", "la", "clínica", "de", "dolor", ",", "el", "paciente", "requirió", "inicialmente", "dosis", "altas", "de", "fentanilo", "transdérmico", "con", "frecuentes", "rescates", "de", "fentanilo", "transmucoso", "para", 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"MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]
Female is a Person, between 16 and 40 years is a Value, women is a Person, older than 40 years is a Value, cessation of ovarian function is a Condition, before the age of 40 years is a Value, increased is a Value, levels of FSH is a Measurement, Primary or secondary is a Scope, amenorrhea is a Condition, for more than three months is a Temporal, LH and FSH is a Scope, > 30mUI / ml is a Value, No is a Negation, fragile X syndrome in the family or blepharophimosis syndrome is a Scope, At least two is a Multiplier, Caucasian is a Condition, presence of cycles is a Condition, until the age of 40 years is a Value, Amenorrhea is a Condition, FSH is a Measurement, > 30mUI / ml is a Value, Women is a Person, Caucasian origin is a Condition, Women is a Person, who had regular cycles until at least age 40 is a Condition, autoimmune is a Condition, no is a Negation, history is a Observation, thyroid disease or diabetes type 1 is a Scope	NCT01177891_inc_task0	Sentence: Patients of familial cases of POF : Female subjects between 16 and 40 years or women older than 40 years with a cessation of ovarian function before the age of 40 years with increased levels of FSH Primary or secondary amenorrhea for more than three months with LH and FSH> 30mUI/ml No cases of fragile X syndrome in the family or blepharophimosis syndrome At least two cases in the family Origin Caucasian Patient signing the consent form for at least the blood sample Patient with Social Security Population Index related topics : The presence of cycles until the age of 40 years with proven fertility, at least one child Amenorrhea and FSH> 30mUI/ml according to the criteria of the index subject Men of the family of index case Population control : Women of Caucasian origin Women who had regular cycles until at least age 40 and at least one child Lack of land autoimmune (no history of thyroid disease or diabetes type 1) Woman signing the consent form for at least the blood sample Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Temporal, Condition, Value, Person, Observation, Multiplier, Negation, Scope, Measurement	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Person", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "B-Person", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "B-Value", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "B-Condition", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "B-Negation", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Person", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Person", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Negation", "B-Observation", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Patients of familial cases of POF : Female subjects between 16 and 40 years or women older than 40 years with a cessation of ovarian function before the age of 40 years with increased levels of FSH Primary or secondary amenorrhea for more than three months with LH and FSH> 30mUI/ml No cases of fragile X syndrome in the family or blepharophimosis syndrome At least two cases in the family Origin Caucasian Patient signing the consent form for at least the blood sample Patient with Social Security Population Index related topics : The presence of cycles until the age of 40 years with proven fertility, at least one child Amenorrhea and FSH> 30mUI/ml according to the criteria of the index subject Men of the family of index case Population control : Women of Caucasian origin Women who had regular cycles until at least age 40 and at least one child Lack of land autoimmune (no history of thyroid disease or diabetes type 1) Woman signing the consent form for at least the blood sample	[ "Patients", "of", "familial", "cases", "of", "POF", ":", "\n", "Female", "subjects", "between", "16", "and", "40", 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Female is a Person, between 16 and 40 years is a Value, women is a Person, older than 40 years is a Value, cessation of ovarian function is a Condition, before the age of 40 years is a Value, increased is a Value, levels of FSH is a Measurement, Primary or secondary is a Scope, amenorrhea is a Condition, for more than three months is a Temporal, LH and FSH is a Scope, > 30mUI / ml is a Value, No is a Negation, fragile X syndrome in the family or blepharophimosis syndrome is a Scope, At least two is a Multiplier, Caucasian is a Condition, presence of cycles is a Condition, until the age of 40 years is a Value, Amenorrhea is a Condition, FSH is a Measurement, > 30mUI / ml is a Value, Women is a Person, Caucasian origin is a Condition, Women is a Person, who had regular cycles until at least age 40 is a Condition, autoimmune is a Condition, no is a Negation, history is a Observation, thyroid disease or diabetes type 1 is a Scope	NCT01177891_inc_task1	Sentence: Patients of familial cases of POF : Female subjects between 16 and 40 years or women older than 40 years with a cessation of ovarian function before the age of 40 years with increased levels of FSH Primary or secondary amenorrhea for more than three months with LH and FSH> 30mUI/ml No cases of fragile X syndrome in the family or blepharophimosis syndrome At least two cases in the family Origin Caucasian Patient signing the consent form for at least the blood sample Patient with Social Security Population Index related topics : The presence of cycles until the age of 40 years with proven fertility, at least one child Amenorrhea and FSH> 30mUI/ml according to the criteria of the index subject Men of the family of index case Population control : Women of Caucasian origin Women who had regular cycles until at least age 40 and at least one child Lack of land autoimmune (no history of thyroid disease or diabetes type 1) Woman signing the consent form for at least the blood sample Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Female, between 16 and 40 years, women, older than 40 years, cessation of ovarian function, before the age of 40 years, increased, levels of FSH, Primary or secondary, amenorrhea, for more than three months, LH and FSH, > 30mUI / ml, No, fragile X syndrome in the family or blepharophimosis syndrome, At least two, Caucasian, presence of cycles, until the age of 40 years, Amenorrhea, FSH, > 30mUI / ml, Women, Caucasian origin, Women, who had regular cycles until at least age 40, autoimmune, no, history, thyroid disease or diabetes type 1 Options: Temporal, Condition, Value, Person, Observation, Multiplier, Negation, Scope, Measurement	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Person", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "B-Person", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "B-Value", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "B-Condition", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "B-Negation", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Person", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Person", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Negation", "B-Observation", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Patients of familial cases of POF : Female subjects between 16 and 40 years or women older than 40 years with a cessation of ovarian function before the age of 40 years with increased levels of FSH Primary or secondary amenorrhea for more than three months with LH and FSH> 30mUI/ml No cases of fragile X syndrome in the family or blepharophimosis syndrome At least two cases in the family Origin Caucasian Patient signing the consent form for at least the blood sample Patient with Social Security Population Index related topics : The presence of cycles until the age of 40 years with proven fertility, at least one child Amenorrhea and FSH> 30mUI/ml according to the criteria of the index subject Men of the family of index case Population control : Women of Caucasian origin Women who had regular cycles until at least age 40 and at least one child Lack of land autoimmune (no history of thyroid disease or diabetes type 1) Woman signing the consent form for at least the blood sample	[ "Patients", "of", "familial", "cases", "of", "POF", ":", "\n", "Female", "subjects", "between", "16", "and", "40", "years", "or", "women", "older", "than", "40", "years", "with", "a", "cessation", "of", "ovarian", "function", "before", "the", "age", "of", "40", "years", "with", "increased", "levels", "of", "FSH", "\n", "Primary", "or", "secondary", "amenorrhea", "for", "more", "than", "three", "months", "with", "LH", "and", "FSH", ">", "30mUI", "/", "ml", "\n", "No", "cases", "of", "fragile", "X", "syndrome", "in", "the", "family", "or", "blepharophimosis", "syndrome", "\n", "At", "least", "two", "cases", "in", "the", "family", "\n", "Origin", "Caucasian", "\n", "Patient", "signing", "the", "consent", "form", "for", "at", "least", "the", "blood", "sample", "\n", "Patient", "with", "Social", "Security", "\n", "Population", "Index", "related", "topics", ":", "\n", "The", "presence", "of", "cycles", "until", "the", "age", "of", "40", "years", "with", "proven", "fertility", ",", "at", "least", "one", "child", "\n", "Amenorrhea", "and", "FSH", ">", "30mUI", "/", "ml", "according", "to", "the", "criteria", "of", "the", "index", "subject", "\n", "Men", "of", "the", "family", "of", "index", "case", "\n", "Population", "control", ":", "\n", "Women", "of", "Caucasian", "origin", "\n", "Women", "who", "had", "regular", "cycles", "until", "at", "least", "age", "40", "and", "at", "least", "one", "child", "\n", "Lack", "of", "land", "autoimmune", "(", "no", "history", "of", "thyroid", "disease", "or", "diabetes", "type", "1", ")", "\n", "Woman", "signing", "the", "consent", "form", "for", "at", "least", "the", "blood", "sample", "\n" ]	[ "Scope", "Condition", "Value", "Temporal", "Measurement", "Observation", "Multiplier", "Qualifier", "Person", "Reference_point", "Negation" ]

cDNA is a DNA, fibroblast growth factor is a Protein, human is a Eukaryote, heart is a Tissue, human is a Eukaryote, fibroblast growth factor is a Protein, hFGF is a Protein, fibroblast growth factor-9 is a Protein, human is a Eukaryote, heart is a Tissue, cDNA is a DNA, protein is a Protein, amino acid is a AminoAcid, human is a Eukaryote, heart is a Tissue, cDNA is a DNA, coding region is a ProteinCodingRegion, gene is a Gene, human is a Eukaryote, tissues is a Tissue, gene is a Gene, human is a Eukaryote, heart is a Tissue, human is a Eukaryote, brain is a Tissue, human is a Eukaryote, tissues is a Tissue

37_task1

Sentence: Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding a novel fibroblast growth factor preferentially expressed in human heart. A novel human fibroblast growth factor (hFGF), which shows 75% sequence homology with fibroblast growth factor-9, was isolated in random sequencing of a human heart cDNA library. The full-length sequence is 928 bp, the encoded protein is composed of 168 amino acid residues, and its pI value and molecular weight were estimated to be 8.13 and 19.1 kDa, respectively. RT-PCR using Marathon human heart cDNA shows that the coding region is approximately 507 bp. Southern hybridization showed a single band which indicates that this is a single copy gene. Northern hybridization done on a human multiple tissues blot showed that the gene is preferentially expressed in human heart, very weakly detectable in human brain and not detectable in 18 other different human tissues. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cDNA, fibroblast growth factor, human, heart, human, fibroblast growth factor, hFGF, fibroblast growth factor-9, human, heart, cDNA, protein, amino acid, human, heart, cDNA, coding region, gene, human, tissues, gene, human, heart, human, brain, human, tissues Options: ProteinCodingRegion, AminoAcid, DNA, Tissue, Gene, Eukaryote, Protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-AminoAcid", "I-AminoAcid", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-ProteinCodingRegion", "I-ProteinCodingRegion", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "O", "B-Tissue", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "O", "O" ]

Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding a novel fibroblast growth factor preferentially expressed in human heart. A novel human fibroblast growth factor (hFGF), which shows 75% sequence homology with fibroblast growth factor-9, was isolated in random sequencing of a human heart cDNA library. The full-length sequence is 928 bp, the encoded protein is composed of 168 amino acid residues, and its pI value and molecular weight were estimated to be 8.13 and 19.1 kDa, respectively. RT-PCR using Marathon human heart cDNA shows that the coding region is approximately 507 bp. Southern hybridization showed a single band which indicates that this is a single copy gene. Northern hybridization done on a human multiple tissues blot showed that the gene is preferentially expressed in human heart, very weakly detectable in human brain and not detectable in 18 other different human tissues.

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[ "Protein", "ProteinCodingRegion", "AminoAcid", "Tissue", "Eukaryote", "DNA", "Gene" ]

cDNA, fibroblast growth factor, human, heart, human, fibroblast growth factor, hFGF, fibroblast growth factor-9, human, heart, cDNA, protein, amino acid, human, heart, cDNA, coding region, gene, human, tissues, gene, human, heart, human, brain, human, tissues

37_task2

Sentence: Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding a novel fibroblast growth factor preferentially expressed in human heart. A novel human fibroblast growth factor (hFGF), which shows 75% sequence homology with fibroblast growth factor-9, was isolated in random sequencing of a human heart cDNA library. The full-length sequence is 928 bp, the encoded protein is composed of 168 amino acid residues, and its pI value and molecular weight were estimated to be 8.13 and 19.1 kDa, respectively. RT-PCR using Marathon human heart cDNA shows that the coding region is approximately 507 bp. Southern hybridization showed a single band which indicates that this is a single copy gene. Northern hybridization done on a human multiple tissues blot showed that the gene is preferentially expressed in human heart, very weakly detectable in human brain and not detectable in 18 other different human tissues. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-AminoAcid", "I-AminoAcid", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "B-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-ProteinCodingRegion", "I-ProteinCodingRegion", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "O", "B-Tissue", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Eukaryote", "B-Tissue", "O", "O" ]

Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding a novel fibroblast growth factor preferentially expressed in human heart. A novel human fibroblast growth factor (hFGF), which shows 75% sequence homology with fibroblast growth factor-9, was isolated in random sequencing of a human heart cDNA library. The full-length sequence is 928 bp, the encoded protein is composed of 168 amino acid residues, and its pI value and molecular weight were estimated to be 8.13 and 19.1 kDa, respectively. RT-PCR using Marathon human heart cDNA shows that the coding region is approximately 507 bp. Southern hybridization showed a single band which indicates that this is a single copy gene. Northern hybridization done on a human multiple tissues blot showed that the gene is preferentially expressed in human heart, very weakly detectable in human brain and not detectable in 18 other different human tissues.

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[ "Protein", "ProteinCodingRegion", "AminoAcid", "Tissue", "Eukaryote", "DNA", "Gene" ]

T cell repertoire is an other_name

40849_task0

Sentence: Selection of the T cell repertoire. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: other_name

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]

Selection of the T cell repertoire.

[ "Selection", "of", "the", "T", "cell", "repertoire", "." ]

[ "cell_type", "other_name", "protein_complex" ]

T cell repertoire is an other_name

40849_task1

Sentence: Selection of the T cell repertoire. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: T cell repertoire Options: other_name

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]

Selection of the T cell repertoire.

[ "Selection", "of", "the", "T", "cell", "repertoire", "." ]

[ "cell_type", "other_name", "protein_complex" ]

T cell repertoire

40849_task2

Sentence: Selection of the T cell repertoire. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]

Selection of the T cell repertoire.

[ "Selection", "of", "the", "T", "cell", "repertoire", "." ]

[ "cell_type", "other_name", "protein_complex" ]

aldose reductase is a Intervention_Pharmacological, cardiovascular reflex tests is a Outcome_Physical, definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years is a Participant_Condition, tolrestat is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 35 is a Participant_Sample-size, placebo is a Intervention_Control, controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control . is a Participant_Condition, Valsalva ratio is a Outcome_Physical, values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests is a Outcome_Other, deep breathing tests is a Outcome_Physical, expiration - inspiration ratio is a Outcome_Physical, standard deviation is a Outcome_Physical, mean circular resultant of R - R intervals is a Outcome_Physical, postural index is a Outcome_Physical, postural hypotension is a Outcome_Physical, high transaminases levels is a Outcome_Physical, autonomic nervous system function is a Outcome_Physical

91974_task0

Sentence: Effect of aldose reductase inhibition on cardiovascular reflex tests in patients with definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years . The potential of the aldose reductase inhibitor tolrestat to ameliorate definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy ( DAN ) , as defined by standard cardiovascular autonomic function tests , was evaluated in 35 patients over a period of 2 years , with repeated measurements at 3-month intervals . The effect of tolrestat ( 200 mg a day ) was compared with that of placebo on 35 controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control . In the placebo group , a significant deterioration of the indices , with the exception of Valsalva ratio , was recorded , while tolrestat induced a significant beneficial change in the values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The deep breathing tests ( expiration-inspiration ratio , standard deviation , and mean circular resultant of R-R intervals ) , postural index , and postural hypotension were favorably affected . Three of 35 patients on tolrestat ( 8.6 % ) developed high transaminases levels ( more than threefold the upper normal limit ) and were withdrawn from the study . In conclusion , tolrestat improved autonomic nervous system function in patients with definite DAN , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The clinical importance of this finding needs further investigation . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other

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Effect of aldose reductase inhibition on cardiovascular reflex tests in patients with definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years . The potential of the aldose reductase inhibitor tolrestat to ameliorate definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy ( DAN ) , as defined by standard cardiovascular autonomic function tests , was evaluated in 35 patients over a period of 2 years , with repeated measurements at 3-month intervals . The effect of tolrestat ( 200 mg a day ) was compared with that of placebo on 35 controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control . In the placebo group , a significant deterioration of the indices , with the exception of Valsalva ratio , was recorded , while tolrestat induced a significant beneficial change in the values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The deep breathing tests ( expiration-inspiration ratio , standard deviation , and mean circular resultant of R-R intervals ) , postural index , and postural hypotension were favorably affected . Three of 35 patients on tolrestat ( 8.6 % ) developed high transaminases levels ( more than threefold the upper normal limit ) and were withdrawn from the study . In conclusion , tolrestat improved autonomic nervous system function in patients with definite DAN , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The clinical importance of this finding needs further investigation .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

aldose reductase is a Intervention_Pharmacological, cardiovascular reflex tests is a Outcome_Physical, definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years is a Participant_Condition, tolrestat is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 35 is a Participant_Sample-size, placebo is a Intervention_Control, controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control . is a Participant_Condition, Valsalva ratio is a Outcome_Physical, values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests is a Outcome_Other, deep breathing tests is a Outcome_Physical, expiration - inspiration ratio is a Outcome_Physical, standard deviation is a Outcome_Physical, mean circular resultant of R - R intervals is a Outcome_Physical, postural index is a Outcome_Physical, postural hypotension is a Outcome_Physical, high transaminases levels is a Outcome_Physical, autonomic nervous system function is a Outcome_Physical

91974_task1

Sentence: Effect of aldose reductase inhibition on cardiovascular reflex tests in patients with definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years . The potential of the aldose reductase inhibitor tolrestat to ameliorate definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy ( DAN ) , as defined by standard cardiovascular autonomic function tests , was evaluated in 35 patients over a period of 2 years , with repeated measurements at 3-month intervals . The effect of tolrestat ( 200 mg a day ) was compared with that of placebo on 35 controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control . In the placebo group , a significant deterioration of the indices , with the exception of Valsalva ratio , was recorded , while tolrestat induced a significant beneficial change in the values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The deep breathing tests ( expiration-inspiration ratio , standard deviation , and mean circular resultant of R-R intervals ) , postural index , and postural hypotension were favorably affected . Three of 35 patients on tolrestat ( 8.6 % ) developed high transaminases levels ( more than threefold the upper normal limit ) and were withdrawn from the study . In conclusion , tolrestat improved autonomic nervous system function in patients with definite DAN , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The clinical importance of this finding needs further investigation . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: aldose reductase, cardiovascular reflex tests, definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years, tolrestat, 35, placebo, controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control ., Valsalva ratio, values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests, deep breathing tests, expiration - inspiration ratio, standard deviation, mean circular resultant of R - R intervals, postural index, postural hypotension, high transaminases levels, autonomic nervous system function Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other

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Effect of aldose reductase inhibition on cardiovascular reflex tests in patients with definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years . The potential of the aldose reductase inhibitor tolrestat to ameliorate definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy ( DAN ) , as defined by standard cardiovascular autonomic function tests , was evaluated in 35 patients over a period of 2 years , with repeated measurements at 3-month intervals . The effect of tolrestat ( 200 mg a day ) was compared with that of placebo on 35 controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control . In the placebo group , a significant deterioration of the indices , with the exception of Valsalva ratio , was recorded , while tolrestat induced a significant beneficial change in the values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The deep breathing tests ( expiration-inspiration ratio , standard deviation , and mean circular resultant of R-R intervals ) , postural index , and postural hypotension were favorably affected . Three of 35 patients on tolrestat ( 8.6 % ) developed high transaminases levels ( more than threefold the upper normal limit ) and were withdrawn from the study . In conclusion , tolrestat improved autonomic nervous system function in patients with definite DAN , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The clinical importance of this finding needs further investigation .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

aldose reductase, cardiovascular reflex tests, definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years, tolrestat, 35, placebo, controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control ., Valsalva ratio, values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests, deep breathing tests, expiration - inspiration ratio, standard deviation, mean circular resultant of R - R intervals, postural index, postural hypotension, high transaminases levels, autonomic nervous system function

91974_task2

Sentence: Effect of aldose reductase inhibition on cardiovascular reflex tests in patients with definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years . The potential of the aldose reductase inhibitor tolrestat to ameliorate definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy ( DAN ) , as defined by standard cardiovascular autonomic function tests , was evaluated in 35 patients over a period of 2 years , with repeated measurements at 3-month intervals . The effect of tolrestat ( 200 mg a day ) was compared with that of placebo on 35 controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control . In the placebo group , a significant deterioration of the indices , with the exception of Valsalva ratio , was recorded , while tolrestat induced a significant beneficial change in the values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The deep breathing tests ( expiration-inspiration ratio , standard deviation , and mean circular resultant of R-R intervals ) , postural index , and postural hypotension were favorably affected . Three of 35 patients on tolrestat ( 8.6 % ) developed high transaminases levels ( more than threefold the upper normal limit ) and were withdrawn from the study . In conclusion , tolrestat improved autonomic nervous system function in patients with definite DAN , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The clinical importance of this finding needs further investigation . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Effect of aldose reductase inhibition on cardiovascular reflex tests in patients with definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy over a period of 2 years . The potential of the aldose reductase inhibitor tolrestat to ameliorate definite diabetic autonomic neuropathy ( DAN ) , as defined by standard cardiovascular autonomic function tests , was evaluated in 35 patients over a period of 2 years , with repeated measurements at 3-month intervals . The effect of tolrestat ( 200 mg a day ) was compared with that of placebo on 35 controls with diabetes mellitus , of similar age , gender , and glycemic control . In the placebo group , a significant deterioration of the indices , with the exception of Valsalva ratio , was recorded , while tolrestat induced a significant beneficial change in the values of most standard cardiovascular reflex tests , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The deep breathing tests ( expiration-inspiration ratio , standard deviation , and mean circular resultant of R-R intervals ) , postural index , and postural hypotension were favorably affected . Three of 35 patients on tolrestat ( 8.6 % ) developed high transaminases levels ( more than threefold the upper normal limit ) and were withdrawn from the study . In conclusion , tolrestat improved autonomic nervous system function in patients with definite DAN , in comparison to baseline and placebo . The clinical importance of this finding needs further investigation .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

calcium is a chemical, PKC is a protein-family, PS is a chemical

1.0alpha7.train.91_task0

Sentence: In this model calcium stabilizes the binding of PKC to PS containing membranes (see also ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 ) ). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: chemical, protein-family

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In this model calcium stabilizes the binding of PKC to PS containing membranes (see also ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 ) ).

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[ "chemical", "protein-family" ]

calcium is a chemical, PKC is a protein-family, PS is a chemical

1.0alpha7.train.91_task1

Sentence: In this model calcium stabilizes the binding of PKC to PS containing membranes (see also ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 ) ). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: calcium, PKC, PS Options: chemical, protein-family

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In this model calcium stabilizes the binding of PKC to PS containing membranes (see also ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 ) ).

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calcium, PKC, PS

1.0alpha7.train.91_task2

Sentence: In this model calcium stabilizes the binding of PKC to PS containing membranes (see also ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 ) ). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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In this model calcium stabilizes the binding of PKC to PS containing membranes (see also ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 ) ).

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Bevacizumab - augmented is a Intervention_Pharmacological, retinal laser photocoagulation is a Intervention_Physical, intravitreal bevacizumab injection is a Intervention_Pharmacological, standard laser treatment is a Intervention_Physical, Avastin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Fluorescein angiography is a Intervention_Physical, complete regression is a Outcome_Physical, PDR is a Outcome_Physical, Avastin - treated is a Intervention_Pharmacological, complete regression rate is a Outcome_Physical, proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence is a Outcome_Physical, rapid recurrence is a Outcome_Physical

34747_task0

Sentence: Bevacizumab-augmented retinal laser photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy : a randomized double-masked clinical trial . PURPOSE To evaluate the additional therapeutic effect of single intravitreal bevacizumab injection on standard laser treatment in the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy . METHODS A prospective , fellow-eye sham controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 eyes of 40 high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy type II diabetics . All cases received standard laser treatment according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocol . Avastin-assigned eyes received 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab ( Genentech Inc. , San Francisco , CA ) on the first session of their laser treatments . Fluorescein angiography was performed at baseline and at weeks 6 and 16 , and proliferative diabetic retinopathy regression was evaluated in a masked fashion . RESULTS The median age was 52 years ( range : 39-68 ) and 30 % of the participants were male . All patients were followed for 16 weeks . A total of 87.5 % of Avastin-injected eyes and 25 % of sham group showed complete regression at week 6 of follow-up ( p < 0.005 ) . However , at week 16 , PDR recurred in a sizable number of the Avastin-treated eyes , and the complete regression rate in the two groups became identical ( 25 % ; p=1.000 ) ; partial regression rates were 70 % vs 65 % . In the subgroup of Avastin-treated eyes , multivariate analysis identified hemoglobin A1c as the strongest predictor of proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence ( p=0.033 ) . CONCLUSIONS Intravitreal bevacizumab remarkably augmented the short-term response to scatter panretinal laser photocoagulation in high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy but the effect was short-lived , as many of the eyes showed rapid recurrence . Alternative dosing ( multiple and/or periodic intravitreal Avastin injections ) is recommended for further evaluation . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Physical, Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Physical

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Bevacizumab-augmented retinal laser photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy : a randomized double-masked clinical trial . PURPOSE To evaluate the additional therapeutic effect of single intravitreal bevacizumab injection on standard laser treatment in the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy . METHODS A prospective , fellow-eye sham controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 eyes of 40 high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy type II diabetics . All cases received standard laser treatment according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocol . Avastin-assigned eyes received 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab ( Genentech Inc. , San Francisco , CA ) on the first session of their laser treatments . Fluorescein angiography was performed at baseline and at weeks 6 and 16 , and proliferative diabetic retinopathy regression was evaluated in a masked fashion . RESULTS The median age was 52 years ( range : 39-68 ) and 30 % of the participants were male . All patients were followed for 16 weeks . A total of 87.5 % of Avastin-injected eyes and 25 % of sham group showed complete regression at week 6 of follow-up ( p < 0.005 ) . However , at week 16 , PDR recurred in a sizable number of the Avastin-treated eyes , and the complete regression rate in the two groups became identical ( 25 % ; p=1.000 ) ; partial regression rates were 70 % vs 65 % . In the subgroup of Avastin-treated eyes , multivariate analysis identified hemoglobin A1c as the strongest predictor of proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence ( p=0.033 ) . CONCLUSIONS Intravitreal bevacizumab remarkably augmented the short-term response to scatter panretinal laser photocoagulation in high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy but the effect was short-lived , as many of the eyes showed rapid recurrence . Alternative dosing ( multiple and/or periodic intravitreal Avastin injections ) is recommended for further evaluation .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Intervention_Physical" ]

Bevacizumab - augmented is a Intervention_Pharmacological, retinal laser photocoagulation is a Intervention_Physical, intravitreal bevacizumab injection is a Intervention_Pharmacological, standard laser treatment is a Intervention_Physical, Avastin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Fluorescein angiography is a Intervention_Physical, complete regression is a Outcome_Physical, PDR is a Outcome_Physical, Avastin - treated is a Intervention_Pharmacological, complete regression rate is a Outcome_Physical, proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence is a Outcome_Physical, rapid recurrence is a Outcome_Physical

34747_task1

Sentence: Bevacizumab-augmented retinal laser photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy : a randomized double-masked clinical trial . PURPOSE To evaluate the additional therapeutic effect of single intravitreal bevacizumab injection on standard laser treatment in the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy . METHODS A prospective , fellow-eye sham controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 eyes of 40 high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy type II diabetics . All cases received standard laser treatment according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocol . Avastin-assigned eyes received 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab ( Genentech Inc. , San Francisco , CA ) on the first session of their laser treatments . Fluorescein angiography was performed at baseline and at weeks 6 and 16 , and proliferative diabetic retinopathy regression was evaluated in a masked fashion . RESULTS The median age was 52 years ( range : 39-68 ) and 30 % of the participants were male . All patients were followed for 16 weeks . A total of 87.5 % of Avastin-injected eyes and 25 % of sham group showed complete regression at week 6 of follow-up ( p < 0.005 ) . However , at week 16 , PDR recurred in a sizable number of the Avastin-treated eyes , and the complete regression rate in the two groups became identical ( 25 % ; p=1.000 ) ; partial regression rates were 70 % vs 65 % . In the subgroup of Avastin-treated eyes , multivariate analysis identified hemoglobin A1c as the strongest predictor of proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence ( p=0.033 ) . CONCLUSIONS Intravitreal bevacizumab remarkably augmented the short-term response to scatter panretinal laser photocoagulation in high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy but the effect was short-lived , as many of the eyes showed rapid recurrence . Alternative dosing ( multiple and/or periodic intravitreal Avastin injections ) is recommended for further evaluation . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Bevacizumab - augmented, retinal laser photocoagulation, intravitreal bevacizumab injection, standard laser treatment, Avastin, 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab, Fluorescein angiography, complete regression, PDR, Avastin - treated, complete regression rate, proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence, rapid recurrence Options: Intervention_Physical, Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Physical

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Bevacizumab-augmented retinal laser photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy : a randomized double-masked clinical trial . PURPOSE To evaluate the additional therapeutic effect of single intravitreal bevacizumab injection on standard laser treatment in the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy . METHODS A prospective , fellow-eye sham controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 eyes of 40 high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy type II diabetics . All cases received standard laser treatment according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocol . Avastin-assigned eyes received 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab ( Genentech Inc. , San Francisco , CA ) on the first session of their laser treatments . Fluorescein angiography was performed at baseline and at weeks 6 and 16 , and proliferative diabetic retinopathy regression was evaluated in a masked fashion . RESULTS The median age was 52 years ( range : 39-68 ) and 30 % of the participants were male . All patients were followed for 16 weeks . A total of 87.5 % of Avastin-injected eyes and 25 % of sham group showed complete regression at week 6 of follow-up ( p < 0.005 ) . However , at week 16 , PDR recurred in a sizable number of the Avastin-treated eyes , and the complete regression rate in the two groups became identical ( 25 % ; p=1.000 ) ; partial regression rates were 70 % vs 65 % . In the subgroup of Avastin-treated eyes , multivariate analysis identified hemoglobin A1c as the strongest predictor of proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence ( p=0.033 ) . CONCLUSIONS Intravitreal bevacizumab remarkably augmented the short-term response to scatter panretinal laser photocoagulation in high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy but the effect was short-lived , as many of the eyes showed rapid recurrence . Alternative dosing ( multiple and/or periodic intravitreal Avastin injections ) is recommended for further evaluation .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Intervention_Physical" ]

Bevacizumab - augmented, retinal laser photocoagulation, intravitreal bevacizumab injection, standard laser treatment, Avastin, 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab, Fluorescein angiography, complete regression, PDR, Avastin - treated, complete regression rate, proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence, rapid recurrence

34747_task2

Sentence: Bevacizumab-augmented retinal laser photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy : a randomized double-masked clinical trial . PURPOSE To evaluate the additional therapeutic effect of single intravitreal bevacizumab injection on standard laser treatment in the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy . METHODS A prospective , fellow-eye sham controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 eyes of 40 high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy type II diabetics . All cases received standard laser treatment according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocol . Avastin-assigned eyes received 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab ( Genentech Inc. , San Francisco , CA ) on the first session of their laser treatments . Fluorescein angiography was performed at baseline and at weeks 6 and 16 , and proliferative diabetic retinopathy regression was evaluated in a masked fashion . RESULTS The median age was 52 years ( range : 39-68 ) and 30 % of the participants were male . All patients were followed for 16 weeks . A total of 87.5 % of Avastin-injected eyes and 25 % of sham group showed complete regression at week 6 of follow-up ( p < 0.005 ) . However , at week 16 , PDR recurred in a sizable number of the Avastin-treated eyes , and the complete regression rate in the two groups became identical ( 25 % ; p=1.000 ) ; partial regression rates were 70 % vs 65 % . In the subgroup of Avastin-treated eyes , multivariate analysis identified hemoglobin A1c as the strongest predictor of proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence ( p=0.033 ) . CONCLUSIONS Intravitreal bevacizumab remarkably augmented the short-term response to scatter panretinal laser photocoagulation in high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy but the effect was short-lived , as many of the eyes showed rapid recurrence . Alternative dosing ( multiple and/or periodic intravitreal Avastin injections ) is recommended for further evaluation . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Bevacizumab-augmented retinal laser photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy : a randomized double-masked clinical trial . PURPOSE To evaluate the additional therapeutic effect of single intravitreal bevacizumab injection on standard laser treatment in the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy . METHODS A prospective , fellow-eye sham controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 eyes of 40 high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy type II diabetics . All cases received standard laser treatment according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocol . Avastin-assigned eyes received 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab ( Genentech Inc. , San Francisco , CA ) on the first session of their laser treatments . Fluorescein angiography was performed at baseline and at weeks 6 and 16 , and proliferative diabetic retinopathy regression was evaluated in a masked fashion . RESULTS The median age was 52 years ( range : 39-68 ) and 30 % of the participants were male . All patients were followed for 16 weeks . A total of 87.5 % of Avastin-injected eyes and 25 % of sham group showed complete regression at week 6 of follow-up ( p < 0.005 ) . However , at week 16 , PDR recurred in a sizable number of the Avastin-treated eyes , and the complete regression rate in the two groups became identical ( 25 % ; p=1.000 ) ; partial regression rates were 70 % vs 65 % . In the subgroup of Avastin-treated eyes , multivariate analysis identified hemoglobin A1c as the strongest predictor of proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence ( p=0.033 ) . CONCLUSIONS Intravitreal bevacizumab remarkably augmented the short-term response to scatter panretinal laser photocoagulation in high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy but the effect was short-lived , as many of the eyes showed rapid recurrence . Alternative dosing ( multiple and/or periodic intravitreal Avastin injections ) is recommended for further evaluation .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Intervention_Physical" ]

2-hydroxydiarylamide is a CHEMICAL, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y, type II transmembrane serine protease is a GENE-N, 2-hydroxydiarylamide is a CHEMICAL, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y, serine protease is a GENE-N, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y, serine protease is a GENE-N, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y

603_task0

Sentence: Discovery of novel 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives as TMPRSS4 inhibitors. TMPRSS4 is a novel type II transmembrane serine protease that has been implicated in the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer cells. In this study, a novel series of 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for inhibiting TMPRSS4 serine protease activity and suppressing cancer cell invasion. These derivatives demonstrated good inhibitory activity against TMPRSS4 serine protease, which correlated with the promising anti-invasive activity of colon cancer cells overexpressing TMPRSS4. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, GENE-Y, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O" ]

Discovery of novel 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives as TMPRSS4 inhibitors. TMPRSS4 is a novel type II transmembrane serine protease that has been implicated in the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer cells. In this study, a novel series of 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for inhibiting TMPRSS4 serine protease activity and suppressing cancer cell invasion. These derivatives demonstrated good inhibitory activity against TMPRSS4 serine protease, which correlated with the promising anti-invasive activity of colon cancer cells overexpressing TMPRSS4.

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[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]

2-hydroxydiarylamide is a CHEMICAL, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y, type II transmembrane serine protease is a GENE-N, 2-hydroxydiarylamide is a CHEMICAL, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y, serine protease is a GENE-N, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y, serine protease is a GENE-N, TMPRSS4 is a GENE-Y

603_task1

Sentence: Discovery of novel 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives as TMPRSS4 inhibitors. TMPRSS4 is a novel type II transmembrane serine protease that has been implicated in the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer cells. In this study, a novel series of 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for inhibiting TMPRSS4 serine protease activity and suppressing cancer cell invasion. These derivatives demonstrated good inhibitory activity against TMPRSS4 serine protease, which correlated with the promising anti-invasive activity of colon cancer cells overexpressing TMPRSS4. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: 2-hydroxydiarylamide, TMPRSS4, TMPRSS4, type II transmembrane serine protease, 2-hydroxydiarylamide, TMPRSS4, serine protease, TMPRSS4, serine protease, TMPRSS4 Options: GENE-N, GENE-Y, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O" ]

Discovery of novel 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives as TMPRSS4 inhibitors. TMPRSS4 is a novel type II transmembrane serine protease that has been implicated in the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer cells. In this study, a novel series of 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for inhibiting TMPRSS4 serine protease activity and suppressing cancer cell invasion. These derivatives demonstrated good inhibitory activity against TMPRSS4 serine protease, which correlated with the promising anti-invasive activity of colon cancer cells overexpressing TMPRSS4.

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[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]

2-hydroxydiarylamide, TMPRSS4, TMPRSS4, type II transmembrane serine protease, 2-hydroxydiarylamide, TMPRSS4, serine protease, TMPRSS4, serine protease, TMPRSS4

603_task2

Sentence: Discovery of novel 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives as TMPRSS4 inhibitors. TMPRSS4 is a novel type II transmembrane serine protease that has been implicated in the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer cells. In this study, a novel series of 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for inhibiting TMPRSS4 serine protease activity and suppressing cancer cell invasion. These derivatives demonstrated good inhibitory activity against TMPRSS4 serine protease, which correlated with the promising anti-invasive activity of colon cancer cells overexpressing TMPRSS4. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Discovery of novel 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives as TMPRSS4 inhibitors. TMPRSS4 is a novel type II transmembrane serine protease that has been implicated in the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer cells. In this study, a novel series of 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for inhibiting TMPRSS4 serine protease activity and suppressing cancer cell invasion. These derivatives demonstrated good inhibitory activity against TMPRSS4 serine protease, which correlated with the promising anti-invasive activity of colon cancer cells overexpressing TMPRSS4.

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[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]

Mannes is an umlsterm, Syndrom is an umlsterm

DerNervenarzt.70680907.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Anhand einer Falldiskussion eines 82jaehrigen Mannes mit einem fortgeschrittenen dementiellen Syndrom wird das Problem der Sterbehilfe im klinischen Alltag eroertert . Einzelfallbezogene ethische Entscheidungsprozesse auf dem Hintergrund bestehender gesetzlicher Regelungen und standesrechtlicher Gebote werden dargestellt . Die Bedeutung der individuellen Abwaegung und Reflektion allgemeiner ethischer Bestimmungen fortlaufend waehrend des gesamten therapeutischen Prozesses wird betont . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Anhand einer Falldiskussion eines 82jaehrigen Mannes mit einem fortgeschrittenen dementiellen Syndrom wird das Problem der Sterbehilfe im klinischen Alltag eroertert . Einzelfallbezogene ethische Entscheidungsprozesse auf dem Hintergrund bestehender gesetzlicher Regelungen und standesrechtlicher Gebote werden dargestellt . Die Bedeutung der individuellen Abwaegung und Reflektion allgemeiner ethischer Bestimmungen fortlaufend waehrend des gesamten therapeutischen Prozesses wird betont .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Mannes is an umlsterm, Syndrom is an umlsterm

DerNervenarzt.70680907.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Anhand einer Falldiskussion eines 82jaehrigen Mannes mit einem fortgeschrittenen dementiellen Syndrom wird das Problem der Sterbehilfe im klinischen Alltag eroertert . Einzelfallbezogene ethische Entscheidungsprozesse auf dem Hintergrund bestehender gesetzlicher Regelungen und standesrechtlicher Gebote werden dargestellt . Die Bedeutung der individuellen Abwaegung und Reflektion allgemeiner ethischer Bestimmungen fortlaufend waehrend des gesamten therapeutischen Prozesses wird betont . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Mannes, Syndrom Options: umlsterm

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Anhand einer Falldiskussion eines 82jaehrigen Mannes mit einem fortgeschrittenen dementiellen Syndrom wird das Problem der Sterbehilfe im klinischen Alltag eroertert . Einzelfallbezogene ethische Entscheidungsprozesse auf dem Hintergrund bestehender gesetzlicher Regelungen und standesrechtlicher Gebote werden dargestellt . Die Bedeutung der individuellen Abwaegung und Reflektion allgemeiner ethischer Bestimmungen fortlaufend waehrend des gesamten therapeutischen Prozesses wird betont .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Mannes, Syndrom

DerNervenarzt.70680907.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Anhand einer Falldiskussion eines 82jaehrigen Mannes mit einem fortgeschrittenen dementiellen Syndrom wird das Problem der Sterbehilfe im klinischen Alltag eroertert . Einzelfallbezogene ethische Entscheidungsprozesse auf dem Hintergrund bestehender gesetzlicher Regelungen und standesrechtlicher Gebote werden dargestellt . Die Bedeutung der individuellen Abwaegung und Reflektion allgemeiner ethischer Bestimmungen fortlaufend waehrend des gesamten therapeutischen Prozesses wird betont . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Anhand einer Falldiskussion eines 82jaehrigen Mannes mit einem fortgeschrittenen dementiellen Syndrom wird das Problem der Sterbehilfe im klinischen Alltag eroertert . Einzelfallbezogene ethische Entscheidungsprozesse auf dem Hintergrund bestehender gesetzlicher Regelungen und standesrechtlicher Gebote werden dargestellt . Die Bedeutung der individuellen Abwaegung und Reflektion allgemeiner ethischer Bestimmungen fortlaufend waehrend des gesamten therapeutischen Prozesses wird betont .

[ "Anhand", "einer", "Falldiskussion", "eines", "82jaehrigen", "Mannes", "mit", "einem", "fortgeschrittenen", "dementiellen", "Syndrom", "wird", "das", "Problem", "der", "Sterbehilfe", "im", "klinischen", "Alltag", "eroertert", ".", "Einzelfallbezogene", "ethische", "Entscheidungsprozesse", "auf", "dem", "Hintergrund", "bestehender", "gesetzlicher", "Regelungen", "und", "standesrechtlicher", "Gebote", "werden", "dargestellt", ".", "Die", "Bedeutung", "der", "individuellen", "Abwaegung", "und", "Reflektion", "allgemeiner", "ethischer", "Bestimmungen", "fortlaufend", "waehrend", "des", "gesamten", "therapeutischen", "Prozesses", "wird", "betont", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Schmerzen is an umlsterm, Forschung is an umlsterm, Klassifikation is an umlsterm, Fibromyalgie is an umlsterm, Syndrom is an umlsterm, Krankheit is an umlsterm, disponierende Faktoren is an umlsterm, Umweltfaktoren is an umlsterm, Aetiologie is an umlsterm, Forschung is an umlsterm

ZfuerRheumatologie.8057s031.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Chronische grossflaechige Schmerzen im muskuloskelettalen System werden seit der Antike berichtet . Die kritische klinische und experimentelle Forschung zu diesem Thema wurde jedoch erst in den letzten ein bis zwei Jahrzehnten intensiviert . Bezueglich vielfaeltiger Aspekte dieses Problems existieren kontroverse Vorstellungen : Klassifikation und Nosologie , kausale Mechanismen , Verlaeufe und Folgen sowie therapeutische Strategien . Das Fibromyalgie Syndrom ( FMS ) ist keine Krankheit im herkoemmlichen Sinne , sondern als eine funktionelle Stoerung anzusehen . Verschiedene typische Auspraegungen als auch disponierende Faktoren wurden bislang identifiziert . Unter diesen Gesichtspunkten ist fuer das Verstaendnis der komplexen multifaktoriellen Wechselwirkungen beim FMS eher ein neues biopsychosoziales Paradigma der personenbezogenen Dynamik erforderlich als die Suche nach einem spezifischen Agens oder Umweltfaktoren . Konzeptionelle Modelle zu Aetiologie und Forschungsmethoden sind bisland nur unzureichend entwickelt , um solche komplexen , multifaktoriellen Mechanismen zu untersuchen . Neue Wege der Forschung lassen verbesserte Behandlungsmethoden fuer FMS-Patienten erwarten . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Chronische grossflaechige Schmerzen im muskuloskelettalen System werden seit der Antike berichtet . Die kritische klinische und experimentelle Forschung zu diesem Thema wurde jedoch erst in den letzten ein bis zwei Jahrzehnten intensiviert . Bezueglich vielfaeltiger Aspekte dieses Problems existieren kontroverse Vorstellungen : Klassifikation und Nosologie , kausale Mechanismen , Verlaeufe und Folgen sowie therapeutische Strategien . Das Fibromyalgie Syndrom ( FMS ) ist keine Krankheit im herkoemmlichen Sinne , sondern als eine funktionelle Stoerung anzusehen . Verschiedene typische Auspraegungen als auch disponierende Faktoren wurden bislang identifiziert . Unter diesen Gesichtspunkten ist fuer das Verstaendnis der komplexen multifaktoriellen Wechselwirkungen beim FMS eher ein neues biopsychosoziales Paradigma der personenbezogenen Dynamik erforderlich als die Suche nach einem spezifischen Agens oder Umweltfaktoren . Konzeptionelle Modelle zu Aetiologie und Forschungsmethoden sind bisland nur unzureichend entwickelt , um solche komplexen , multifaktoriellen Mechanismen zu untersuchen . Neue Wege der Forschung lassen verbesserte Behandlungsmethoden fuer FMS-Patienten erwarten .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Schmerzen is an umlsterm, Forschung is an umlsterm, Klassifikation is an umlsterm, Fibromyalgie is an umlsterm, Syndrom is an umlsterm, Krankheit is an umlsterm, disponierende Faktoren is an umlsterm, Umweltfaktoren is an umlsterm, Aetiologie is an umlsterm, Forschung is an umlsterm

ZfuerRheumatologie.8057s031.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Chronische grossflaechige Schmerzen im muskuloskelettalen System werden seit der Antike berichtet . Die kritische klinische und experimentelle Forschung zu diesem Thema wurde jedoch erst in den letzten ein bis zwei Jahrzehnten intensiviert . Bezueglich vielfaeltiger Aspekte dieses Problems existieren kontroverse Vorstellungen : Klassifikation und Nosologie , kausale Mechanismen , Verlaeufe und Folgen sowie therapeutische Strategien . Das Fibromyalgie Syndrom ( FMS ) ist keine Krankheit im herkoemmlichen Sinne , sondern als eine funktionelle Stoerung anzusehen . Verschiedene typische Auspraegungen als auch disponierende Faktoren wurden bislang identifiziert . Unter diesen Gesichtspunkten ist fuer das Verstaendnis der komplexen multifaktoriellen Wechselwirkungen beim FMS eher ein neues biopsychosoziales Paradigma der personenbezogenen Dynamik erforderlich als die Suche nach einem spezifischen Agens oder Umweltfaktoren . Konzeptionelle Modelle zu Aetiologie und Forschungsmethoden sind bisland nur unzureichend entwickelt , um solche komplexen , multifaktoriellen Mechanismen zu untersuchen . Neue Wege der Forschung lassen verbesserte Behandlungsmethoden fuer FMS-Patienten erwarten . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Schmerzen, Forschung, Klassifikation, Fibromyalgie, Syndrom, Krankheit, disponierende Faktoren, Umweltfaktoren, Aetiologie, Forschung Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Chronische grossflaechige Schmerzen im muskuloskelettalen System werden seit der Antike berichtet . Die kritische klinische und experimentelle Forschung zu diesem Thema wurde jedoch erst in den letzten ein bis zwei Jahrzehnten intensiviert . Bezueglich vielfaeltiger Aspekte dieses Problems existieren kontroverse Vorstellungen : Klassifikation und Nosologie , kausale Mechanismen , Verlaeufe und Folgen sowie therapeutische Strategien . Das Fibromyalgie Syndrom ( FMS ) ist keine Krankheit im herkoemmlichen Sinne , sondern als eine funktionelle Stoerung anzusehen . Verschiedene typische Auspraegungen als auch disponierende Faktoren wurden bislang identifiziert . Unter diesen Gesichtspunkten ist fuer das Verstaendnis der komplexen multifaktoriellen Wechselwirkungen beim FMS eher ein neues biopsychosoziales Paradigma der personenbezogenen Dynamik erforderlich als die Suche nach einem spezifischen Agens oder Umweltfaktoren . Konzeptionelle Modelle zu Aetiologie und Forschungsmethoden sind bisland nur unzureichend entwickelt , um solche komplexen , multifaktoriellen Mechanismen zu untersuchen . Neue Wege der Forschung lassen verbesserte Behandlungsmethoden fuer FMS-Patienten erwarten .

[ "Chronische", "grossflaechige", "Schmerzen", "im", "muskuloskelettalen", "System", "werden", "seit", "der", "Antike", "berichtet", ".", "Die", "kritische", "klinische", "und", "experimentelle", "Forschung", "zu", "diesem", "Thema", "wurde", "jedoch", "erst", "in", "den", "letzten", "ein", "bis", "zwei", "Jahrzehnten", "intensiviert", ".", "Bezueglich", "vielfaeltiger", "Aspekte", "dieses", "Problems", "existieren", "kontroverse", "Vorstellungen", ":", "Klassifikation", "und", "Nosologie", ",", "kausale", "Mechanismen", ",", "Verlaeufe", "und", "Folgen", "sowie", "therapeutische", "Strategien", ".", "Das", "Fibromyalgie", "Syndrom", "(", "FMS", ")", "ist", "keine", "Krankheit", "im", "herkoemmlichen", "Sinne", ",", "sondern", "als", "eine", "funktionelle", "Stoerung", "anzusehen", ".", "Verschiedene", "typische", "Auspraegungen", "als", "auch", "disponierende", "Faktoren", "wurden", "bislang", "identifiziert", ".", "Unter", "diesen", "Gesichtspunkten", "ist", "fuer", "das", "Verstaendnis", "der", "komplexen", "multifaktoriellen", "Wechselwirkungen", "beim", "FMS", "eher", "ein", "neues", "biopsychosoziales", "Paradigma", "der", "personenbezogenen", "Dynamik", "erforderlich", "als", "die", "Suche", "nach", "einem", "spezifischen", "Agens", "oder", "Umweltfaktoren", ".", "Konzeptionelle", "Modelle", "zu", "Aetiologie", "und", "Forschungsmethoden", "sind", "bisland", "nur", "unzureichend", "entwickelt", ",", "um", "solche", "komplexen", ",", "multifaktoriellen", "Mechanismen", "zu", "untersuchen", ".", "Neue", "Wege", "der", "Forschung", "lassen", "verbesserte", "Behandlungsmethoden", "fuer", "FMS", "-", "Patienten", "erwarten", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Schmerzen, Forschung, Klassifikation, Fibromyalgie, Syndrom, Krankheit, disponierende Faktoren, Umweltfaktoren, Aetiologie, Forschung

ZfuerRheumatologie.8057s031.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Chronische grossflaechige Schmerzen im muskuloskelettalen System werden seit der Antike berichtet . Die kritische klinische und experimentelle Forschung zu diesem Thema wurde jedoch erst in den letzten ein bis zwei Jahrzehnten intensiviert . Bezueglich vielfaeltiger Aspekte dieses Problems existieren kontroverse Vorstellungen : Klassifikation und Nosologie , kausale Mechanismen , Verlaeufe und Folgen sowie therapeutische Strategien . Das Fibromyalgie Syndrom ( FMS ) ist keine Krankheit im herkoemmlichen Sinne , sondern als eine funktionelle Stoerung anzusehen . Verschiedene typische Auspraegungen als auch disponierende Faktoren wurden bislang identifiziert . Unter diesen Gesichtspunkten ist fuer das Verstaendnis der komplexen multifaktoriellen Wechselwirkungen beim FMS eher ein neues biopsychosoziales Paradigma der personenbezogenen Dynamik erforderlich als die Suche nach einem spezifischen Agens oder Umweltfaktoren . Konzeptionelle Modelle zu Aetiologie und Forschungsmethoden sind bisland nur unzureichend entwickelt , um solche komplexen , multifaktoriellen Mechanismen zu untersuchen . Neue Wege der Forschung lassen verbesserte Behandlungsmethoden fuer FMS-Patienten erwarten . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Chronische grossflaechige Schmerzen im muskuloskelettalen System werden seit der Antike berichtet . Die kritische klinische und experimentelle Forschung zu diesem Thema wurde jedoch erst in den letzten ein bis zwei Jahrzehnten intensiviert . Bezueglich vielfaeltiger Aspekte dieses Problems existieren kontroverse Vorstellungen : Klassifikation und Nosologie , kausale Mechanismen , Verlaeufe und Folgen sowie therapeutische Strategien . Das Fibromyalgie Syndrom ( FMS ) ist keine Krankheit im herkoemmlichen Sinne , sondern als eine funktionelle Stoerung anzusehen . Verschiedene typische Auspraegungen als auch disponierende Faktoren wurden bislang identifiziert . Unter diesen Gesichtspunkten ist fuer das Verstaendnis der komplexen multifaktoriellen Wechselwirkungen beim FMS eher ein neues biopsychosoziales Paradigma der personenbezogenen Dynamik erforderlich als die Suche nach einem spezifischen Agens oder Umweltfaktoren . Konzeptionelle Modelle zu Aetiologie und Forschungsmethoden sind bisland nur unzureichend entwickelt , um solche komplexen , multifaktoriellen Mechanismen zu untersuchen . Neue Wege der Forschung lassen verbesserte Behandlungsmethoden fuer FMS-Patienten erwarten .

[ "Chronische", "grossflaechige", "Schmerzen", "im", "muskuloskelettalen", "System", "werden", "seit", "der", "Antike", "berichtet", ".", "Die", "kritische", "klinische", "und", "experimentelle", "Forschung", "zu", "diesem", "Thema", "wurde", "jedoch", "erst", "in", "den", "letzten", "ein", "bis", "zwei", "Jahrzehnten", "intensiviert", ".", "Bezueglich", "vielfaeltiger", "Aspekte", "dieses", "Problems", "existieren", "kontroverse", "Vorstellungen", ":", "Klassifikation", "und", "Nosologie", ",", "kausale", "Mechanismen", ",", "Verlaeufe", "und", "Folgen", "sowie", "therapeutische", "Strategien", ".", "Das", "Fibromyalgie", "Syndrom", "(", "FMS", ")", "ist", "keine", "Krankheit", "im", "herkoemmlichen", "Sinne", ",", "sondern", "als", "eine", "funktionelle", "Stoerung", "anzusehen", ".", "Verschiedene", "typische", "Auspraegungen", "als", "auch", "disponierende", "Faktoren", "wurden", "bislang", "identifiziert", ".", "Unter", "diesen", "Gesichtspunkten", "ist", "fuer", "das", "Verstaendnis", "der", "komplexen", "multifaktoriellen", "Wechselwirkungen", "beim", "FMS", "eher", "ein", "neues", "biopsychosoziales", "Paradigma", "der", "personenbezogenen", "Dynamik", "erforderlich", "als", "die", "Suche", "nach", "einem", "spezifischen", "Agens", "oder", "Umweltfaktoren", ".", "Konzeptionelle", "Modelle", "zu", "Aetiologie", "und", "Forschungsmethoden", "sind", "bisland", "nur", "unzureichend", "entwickelt", ",", "um", "solche", "komplexen", ",", "multifaktoriellen", "Mechanismen", "zu", "untersuchen", ".", "Neue", "Wege", "der", "Forschung", "lassen", "verbesserte", "Behandlungsmethoden", "fuer", "FMS", "-", "Patienten", "erwarten", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Ras is a Individual_protein, CDK is a Individual_protein, Ras is a Individual_protein, Myc is a Individual_protein, cyclin E - dependent kinase is a Individual_protein, p27 is a Individual_protein, cyclin - dependent kinase inhibitor is a Protein_family_or_group, CKI is a Protein_family_or_group

351_task0

Sentence: However, although expression of Ras alone will not induce G1 CDK activity or S phase, coexpression of Ras with Myc allows the generation of cyclin E-dependent kinase activity and the induction of S phase, coincident with the loss of the p27 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Individual_protein, Protein_family_or_group

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "O", "O" ]

However, although expression of Ras alone will not induce G1 CDK activity or S phase, coexpression of Ras with Myc allows the generation of cyclin E-dependent kinase activity and the induction of S phase, coincident with the loss of the p27 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI).

[ "However", ",", "although", "expression", "of", "Ras", "alone", "will", "not", "induce", "G1", "CDK", "activity", "or", "S", "phase", ",", "coexpression", "of", "Ras", "with", "Myc", "allows", "the", "generation", "of", "cyclin", "E", "-", "dependent", "kinase", "activity", "and", "the", "induction", "of", "S", "phase", ",", "coincident", "with", "the", "loss", "of", "the", "p27", "cyclin", "-", "dependent", "kinase", "inhibitor", "(", "CKI", ")", "." ]

[ "Protein_family_or_group", "Individual_protein" ]

Ras is a Individual_protein, CDK is a Individual_protein, Ras is a Individual_protein, Myc is a Individual_protein, cyclin E - dependent kinase is a Individual_protein, p27 is a Individual_protein, cyclin - dependent kinase inhibitor is a Protein_family_or_group, CKI is a Protein_family_or_group

351_task1

Sentence: However, although expression of Ras alone will not induce G1 CDK activity or S phase, coexpression of Ras with Myc allows the generation of cyclin E-dependent kinase activity and the induction of S phase, coincident with the loss of the p27 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Ras, CDK, Ras, Myc, cyclin E - dependent kinase, p27, cyclin - dependent kinase inhibitor, CKI Options: Individual_protein, Protein_family_or_group

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "O", "O" ]

However, although expression of Ras alone will not induce G1 CDK activity or S phase, coexpression of Ras with Myc allows the generation of cyclin E-dependent kinase activity and the induction of S phase, coincident with the loss of the p27 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI).

[ "However", ",", "although", "expression", "of", "Ras", "alone", "will", "not", "induce", "G1", "CDK", "activity", "or", "S", "phase", ",", "coexpression", "of", "Ras", "with", "Myc", "allows", "the", "generation", "of", "cyclin", "E", "-", "dependent", "kinase", "activity", "and", "the", "induction", "of", "S", "phase", ",", "coincident", "with", "the", "loss", "of", "the", "p27", "cyclin", "-", "dependent", "kinase", "inhibitor", "(", "CKI", ")", "." ]

[ "Protein_family_or_group", "Individual_protein" ]

Ras, CDK, Ras, Myc, cyclin E - dependent kinase, p27, cyclin - dependent kinase inhibitor, CKI

351_task2

Sentence: However, although expression of Ras alone will not induce G1 CDK activity or S phase, coexpression of Ras with Myc allows the generation of cyclin E-dependent kinase activity and the induction of S phase, coincident with the loss of the p27 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "I-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "I-Protein_family_or_group", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "O", "O" ]

However, although expression of Ras alone will not induce G1 CDK activity or S phase, coexpression of Ras with Myc allows the generation of cyclin E-dependent kinase activity and the induction of S phase, coincident with the loss of the p27 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI).

[ "However", ",", "although", "expression", "of", "Ras", "alone", "will", "not", "induce", "G1", "CDK", "activity", "or", "S", "phase", ",", "coexpression", "of", "Ras", "with", "Myc", "allows", "the", "generation", "of", "cyclin", "E", "-", "dependent", "kinase", "activity", "and", "the", "induction", "of", "S", "phase", ",", "coincident", "with", "the", "loss", "of", "the", "p27", "cyclin", "-", "dependent", "kinase", "inhibitor", "(", "CKI", ")", "." ]

[ "Protein_family_or_group", "Individual_protein" ]

CD30 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein, CD40L is a Protein, IL-4 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein, CD40L is a Protein, IL-6 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein

847_task0

Sentence: CD30 is a CD40-inducible molecule that negatively regulates CD40-mediated immunoglobulin class switching in non-antigen-selected human B cells. We used our monoclonal model of germinal center maturation, CL-01 B cells, to investigate the role of CD30 in human B cell differentiation. CL-01 cells are IgM+ IgD+ CD30+ and switch to IgG, IgA, and IgE when exposed to CD40L and IL-4. Switching is hampered by CD30 coengagement, possibly through interference with the CD40-mediated NF-kappaB-dependent transcriptional activation of downstream C(H) genes. The physiological relevance of this phenomenon is emphasized by similar CD30-mediated effects in naive B cells. Expression of CD30 by these cells is induced by CD40L but is inhibited by B cell receptor coengagement and/or exposure to IL-6 and IL-12. Our data suggest that CD30 critically regulates the CD40-mediated differentiation of non-antigen-selected human B cells. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Protein

[ "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

CD30 is a CD40-inducible molecule that negatively regulates CD40-mediated immunoglobulin class switching in non-antigen-selected human B cells. We used our monoclonal model of germinal center maturation, CL-01 B cells, to investigate the role of CD30 in human B cell differentiation. CL-01 cells are IgM+ IgD+ CD30+ and switch to IgG, IgA, and IgE when exposed to CD40L and IL-4. Switching is hampered by CD30 coengagement, possibly through interference with the CD40-mediated NF-kappaB-dependent transcriptional activation of downstream C(H) genes. The physiological relevance of this phenomenon is emphasized by similar CD30-mediated effects in naive B cells. Expression of CD30 by these cells is induced by CD40L but is inhibited by B cell receptor coengagement and/or exposure to IL-6 and IL-12. Our data suggest that CD30 critically regulates the CD40-mediated differentiation of non-antigen-selected human B cells.

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[ "Protein" ]

CD30 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein, CD40L is a Protein, IL-4 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein, CD40L is a Protein, IL-6 is a Protein, CD30 is a Protein

847_task1

Sentence: CD30 is a CD40-inducible molecule that negatively regulates CD40-mediated immunoglobulin class switching in non-antigen-selected human B cells. We used our monoclonal model of germinal center maturation, CL-01 B cells, to investigate the role of CD30 in human B cell differentiation. CL-01 cells are IgM+ IgD+ CD30+ and switch to IgG, IgA, and IgE when exposed to CD40L and IL-4. Switching is hampered by CD30 coengagement, possibly through interference with the CD40-mediated NF-kappaB-dependent transcriptional activation of downstream C(H) genes. The physiological relevance of this phenomenon is emphasized by similar CD30-mediated effects in naive B cells. Expression of CD30 by these cells is induced by CD40L but is inhibited by B cell receptor coengagement and/or exposure to IL-6 and IL-12. Our data suggest that CD30 critically regulates the CD40-mediated differentiation of non-antigen-selected human B cells. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: CD30, CD30, CD30, CD40L, IL-4, CD30, CD30, CD40L, IL-6, CD30 Options: Protein

[ "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

CD30 is a CD40-inducible molecule that negatively regulates CD40-mediated immunoglobulin class switching in non-antigen-selected human B cells. We used our monoclonal model of germinal center maturation, CL-01 B cells, to investigate the role of CD30 in human B cell differentiation. CL-01 cells are IgM+ IgD+ CD30+ and switch to IgG, IgA, and IgE when exposed to CD40L and IL-4. Switching is hampered by CD30 coengagement, possibly through interference with the CD40-mediated NF-kappaB-dependent transcriptional activation of downstream C(H) genes. The physiological relevance of this phenomenon is emphasized by similar CD30-mediated effects in naive B cells. Expression of CD30 by these cells is induced by CD40L but is inhibited by B cell receptor coengagement and/or exposure to IL-6 and IL-12. Our data suggest that CD30 critically regulates the CD40-mediated differentiation of non-antigen-selected human B cells.

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[ "Protein" ]

CD30, CD30, CD30, CD40L, IL-4, CD30, CD30, CD40L, IL-6, CD30

847_task2

Sentence: CD30 is a CD40-inducible molecule that negatively regulates CD40-mediated immunoglobulin class switching in non-antigen-selected human B cells. We used our monoclonal model of germinal center maturation, CL-01 B cells, to investigate the role of CD30 in human B cell differentiation. CL-01 cells are IgM+ IgD+ CD30+ and switch to IgG, IgA, and IgE when exposed to CD40L and IL-4. Switching is hampered by CD30 coengagement, possibly through interference with the CD40-mediated NF-kappaB-dependent transcriptional activation of downstream C(H) genes. The physiological relevance of this phenomenon is emphasized by similar CD30-mediated effects in naive B cells. Expression of CD30 by these cells is induced by CD40L but is inhibited by B cell receptor coengagement and/or exposure to IL-6 and IL-12. Our data suggest that CD30 critically regulates the CD40-mediated differentiation of non-antigen-selected human B cells. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

CD30 is a CD40-inducible molecule that negatively regulates CD40-mediated immunoglobulin class switching in non-antigen-selected human B cells. We used our monoclonal model of germinal center maturation, CL-01 B cells, to investigate the role of CD30 in human B cell differentiation. CL-01 cells are IgM+ IgD+ CD30+ and switch to IgG, IgA, and IgE when exposed to CD40L and IL-4. Switching is hampered by CD30 coengagement, possibly through interference with the CD40-mediated NF-kappaB-dependent transcriptional activation of downstream C(H) genes. The physiological relevance of this phenomenon is emphasized by similar CD30-mediated effects in naive B cells. Expression of CD30 by these cells is induced by CD40L but is inhibited by B cell receptor coengagement and/or exposure to IL-6 and IL-12. Our data suggest that CD30 critically regulates the CD40-mediated differentiation of non-antigen-selected human B cells.

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[ "Protein" ]

AP-3 is a protein-complex, LIMP - II is a protein, anti - LIMP - II is a reagent

1.0alpha7.train.784_task0

Sentence: Binding of AP-3 to the LIMP-II tail is sensitive to the injection of anti-LIMP-II tail antiserum. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: reagent, protein-complex, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-complex", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-reagent", "I-reagent", "I-reagent", "I-reagent", "I-reagent", "O", "O", "O" ]

Binding of AP-3 to the LIMP-II tail is sensitive to the injection of anti-LIMP-II tail antiserum.

[ "Binding", "of", " ", "AP-3", "to", "the", " ", "LIMP", "-", "II", "tail", "is", "sensitive", "to", "the", "injection", "of", "anti", "-", "LIMP", "-", "II", "tail", "antiserum", "." ]

[ "reagent", "protein", "protein-complex" ]

AP-3 is a protein-complex, LIMP - II is a protein, anti - LIMP - II is a reagent

1.0alpha7.train.784_task1

Sentence: Binding of AP-3 to the LIMP-II tail is sensitive to the injection of anti-LIMP-II tail antiserum. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: AP-3, LIMP - II, anti - LIMP - II Options: reagent, protein-complex, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-complex", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-reagent", "I-reagent", "I-reagent", "I-reagent", "I-reagent", "O", "O", "O" ]

Binding of AP-3 to the LIMP-II tail is sensitive to the injection of anti-LIMP-II tail antiserum.

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[ "reagent", "protein", "protein-complex" ]

AP-3, LIMP - II, anti - LIMP - II

1.0alpha7.train.784_task2

Sentence: Binding of AP-3 to the LIMP-II tail is sensitive to the injection of anti-LIMP-II tail antiserum. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-protein-complex", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-reagent", "I-reagent", "I-reagent", "I-reagent", "I-reagent", "O", "O", "O" ]

Binding of AP-3 to the LIMP-II tail is sensitive to the injection of anti-LIMP-II tail antiserum.

[ "Binding", "of", " ", "AP-3", "to", "the", " ", "LIMP", "-", "II", "tail", "is", "sensitive", "to", "the", "injection", "of", "anti", "-", "LIMP", "-", "II", "tail", "antiserum", "." ]

[ "reagent", "protein", "protein-complex" ]

Dacarbazine is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dacarbazine - vindesine is a Intervention_Pharmacological, disseminated malignant melanoma is a Participant_Condition, 119 patients is a Participant_Sample-size, Dacarbazine was given i.v is a Intervention_Pharmacological, One hundred and ten is a Participant_Sample-size, complete remission is a Outcome_Other, partial remission is a Outcome_Other, Overall response rate is a Outcome_Other, response rates is a Outcome_Physical

73477_task0

Sentence: Dacarbazine versus dacarbazine-vindesine in disseminated malignant melanoma : a randomized phase II study . In a phase II study 119 patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were randomized to receive treatment with dacarbazine alone or in combination with vindesine . The study was designed to reveal an additive response rate when the drugs were combined . Dacarbazine was given i.v . at 250 mg m-2 per day X V every 4 weeks . In the combination regimen vindesine given at 3 mg m-2 per week was included . One hundred and ten patients were available for evaluation of response . With dacarbazine 4/51 patients obtained a complete remission ( 8 % ) and 5/51 patients a partial remission ( 10 % ) . Overall response rate was 18 % . With dacarbazine-vindesine 8/59 patients obtained a complete remission ( 13 % ) and 7/59 patients a partial remission ( 12 % ) . Overall response rate was 25 % . The difference in response rates observed between the treatment arms is not statistically significant . Median response duration was 123 days for dacarbazine patients and 171 days for patients receiving dacarbazine-vindesine ( difference not statistically significant ) . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other

[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Dacarbazine versus dacarbazine-vindesine in disseminated malignant melanoma : a randomized phase II study . In a phase II study 119 patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were randomized to receive treatment with dacarbazine alone or in combination with vindesine . The study was designed to reveal an additive response rate when the drugs were combined . Dacarbazine was given i.v . at 250 mg m-2 per day X V every 4 weeks . In the combination regimen vindesine given at 3 mg m-2 per week was included . One hundred and ten patients were available for evaluation of response . With dacarbazine 4/51 patients obtained a complete remission ( 8 % ) and 5/51 patients a partial remission ( 10 % ) . Overall response rate was 18 % . With dacarbazine-vindesine 8/59 patients obtained a complete remission ( 13 % ) and 7/59 patients a partial remission ( 12 % ) . Overall response rate was 25 % . The difference in response rates observed between the treatment arms is not statistically significant . Median response duration was 123 days for dacarbazine patients and 171 days for patients receiving dacarbazine-vindesine ( difference not statistically significant ) .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sample-size", "Outcome_Physical" ]

Dacarbazine is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dacarbazine - vindesine is a Intervention_Pharmacological, disseminated malignant melanoma is a Participant_Condition, 119 patients is a Participant_Sample-size, Dacarbazine was given i.v is a Intervention_Pharmacological, One hundred and ten is a Participant_Sample-size, complete remission is a Outcome_Other, partial remission is a Outcome_Other, Overall response rate is a Outcome_Other, response rates is a Outcome_Physical

73477_task1

Sentence: Dacarbazine versus dacarbazine-vindesine in disseminated malignant melanoma : a randomized phase II study . In a phase II study 119 patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were randomized to receive treatment with dacarbazine alone or in combination with vindesine . The study was designed to reveal an additive response rate when the drugs were combined . Dacarbazine was given i.v . at 250 mg m-2 per day X V every 4 weeks . In the combination regimen vindesine given at 3 mg m-2 per week was included . One hundred and ten patients were available for evaluation of response . With dacarbazine 4/51 patients obtained a complete remission ( 8 % ) and 5/51 patients a partial remission ( 10 % ) . Overall response rate was 18 % . With dacarbazine-vindesine 8/59 patients obtained a complete remission ( 13 % ) and 7/59 patients a partial remission ( 12 % ) . Overall response rate was 25 % . The difference in response rates observed between the treatment arms is not statistically significant . Median response duration was 123 days for dacarbazine patients and 171 days for patients receiving dacarbazine-vindesine ( difference not statistically significant ) . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Dacarbazine, dacarbazine - vindesine, disseminated malignant melanoma, 119 patients, Dacarbazine was given i.v, One hundred and ten, complete remission, partial remission, Overall response rate, response rates Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other

[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Dacarbazine versus dacarbazine-vindesine in disseminated malignant melanoma : a randomized phase II study . In a phase II study 119 patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were randomized to receive treatment with dacarbazine alone or in combination with vindesine . The study was designed to reveal an additive response rate when the drugs were combined . Dacarbazine was given i.v . at 250 mg m-2 per day X V every 4 weeks . In the combination regimen vindesine given at 3 mg m-2 per week was included . One hundred and ten patients were available for evaluation of response . With dacarbazine 4/51 patients obtained a complete remission ( 8 % ) and 5/51 patients a partial remission ( 10 % ) . Overall response rate was 18 % . With dacarbazine-vindesine 8/59 patients obtained a complete remission ( 13 % ) and 7/59 patients a partial remission ( 12 % ) . Overall response rate was 25 % . The difference in response rates observed between the treatment arms is not statistically significant . Median response duration was 123 days for dacarbazine patients and 171 days for patients receiving dacarbazine-vindesine ( difference not statistically significant ) .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sample-size", "Outcome_Physical" ]

Dacarbazine, dacarbazine - vindesine, disseminated malignant melanoma, 119 patients, Dacarbazine was given i.v, One hundred and ten, complete remission, partial remission, Overall response rate, response rates

73477_task2

Sentence: Dacarbazine versus dacarbazine-vindesine in disseminated malignant melanoma : a randomized phase II study . In a phase II study 119 patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were randomized to receive treatment with dacarbazine alone or in combination with vindesine . The study was designed to reveal an additive response rate when the drugs were combined . Dacarbazine was given i.v . at 250 mg m-2 per day X V every 4 weeks . In the combination regimen vindesine given at 3 mg m-2 per week was included . One hundred and ten patients were available for evaluation of response . With dacarbazine 4/51 patients obtained a complete remission ( 8 % ) and 5/51 patients a partial remission ( 10 % ) . Overall response rate was 18 % . With dacarbazine-vindesine 8/59 patients obtained a complete remission ( 13 % ) and 7/59 patients a partial remission ( 12 % ) . Overall response rate was 25 % . The difference in response rates observed between the treatment arms is not statistically significant . Median response duration was 123 days for dacarbazine patients and 171 days for patients receiving dacarbazine-vindesine ( difference not statistically significant ) . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Dacarbazine versus dacarbazine-vindesine in disseminated malignant melanoma : a randomized phase II study . In a phase II study 119 patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were randomized to receive treatment with dacarbazine alone or in combination with vindesine . The study was designed to reveal an additive response rate when the drugs were combined . Dacarbazine was given i.v . at 250 mg m-2 per day X V every 4 weeks . In the combination regimen vindesine given at 3 mg m-2 per week was included . One hundred and ten patients were available for evaluation of response . With dacarbazine 4/51 patients obtained a complete remission ( 8 % ) and 5/51 patients a partial remission ( 10 % ) . Overall response rate was 18 % . With dacarbazine-vindesine 8/59 patients obtained a complete remission ( 13 % ) and 7/59 patients a partial remission ( 12 % ) . Overall response rate was 25 % . The difference in response rates observed between the treatment arms is not statistically significant . Median response duration was 123 days for dacarbazine patients and 171 days for patients receiving dacarbazine-vindesine ( difference not statistically significant ) .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sample-size", "Outcome_Physical" ]

beta(2)-adrenoceptors is a GENE-Y

19259968_task0

Sentence: beta(2)-adrenoceptors are critical for antidepressant treatment of neuropathic pain. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y

[ "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

beta(2)-adrenoceptors are critical for antidepressant treatment of neuropathic pain.

[ "beta(2)-adrenoceptors", "are", "critical", "for", "antidepressant", "treatment", "of", "neuropathic", "pain", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]

beta(2)-adrenoceptors is a GENE-Y

19259968_task1

Sentence: beta(2)-adrenoceptors are critical for antidepressant treatment of neuropathic pain. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: beta(2)-adrenoceptors Options: GENE-Y

[ "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

beta(2)-adrenoceptors are critical for antidepressant treatment of neuropathic pain.

[ "beta(2)-adrenoceptors", "are", "critical", "for", "antidepressant", "treatment", "of", "neuropathic", "pain", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]

beta(2)-adrenoceptors

19259968_task2

Sentence: beta(2)-adrenoceptors are critical for antidepressant treatment of neuropathic pain. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

beta(2)-adrenoceptors are critical for antidepressant treatment of neuropathic pain.

[ "beta(2)-adrenoceptors", "are", "critical", "for", "antidepressant", "treatment", "of", "neuropathic", "pain", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]

Functional recovery is an umlsterm, comminuted fractures is an umlsterm, head is an umlsterm, posterior is an umlsterm, dislocation is an umlsterm, arthroplasty is an umlsterm, arthrodesis is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, shoulder is an umlsterm, arthrodesis is an umlsterm, prosthesis is an umlsterm, techniques is an umlsterm, functional recovery is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm

DerUnfallchirurg.81010405.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Functional recovery after bilateral comminuted fractures of the humeral head with posterior dislocation is poor . When reposition and internal fixation fail , the remaining alternatives are ( hemi ) arthroplasty and/or arthrodesis . In a 50-year-old patient , we treated the dominant shoulder by arthrodesis ; a Neer prosthesis was inserted at the other side . Using this strategy , the advantages of both techniques were combined with an acceptable functional recovery , which ist especially important for young and active patients . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Functional recovery after bilateral comminuted fractures of the humeral head with posterior dislocation is poor . When reposition and internal fixation fail , the remaining alternatives are ( hemi ) arthroplasty and/or arthrodesis . In a 50-year-old patient , we treated the dominant shoulder by arthrodesis ; a Neer prosthesis was inserted at the other side . Using this strategy , the advantages of both techniques were combined with an acceptable functional recovery , which ist especially important for young and active patients .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Functional recovery is an umlsterm, comminuted fractures is an umlsterm, head is an umlsterm, posterior is an umlsterm, dislocation is an umlsterm, arthroplasty is an umlsterm, arthrodesis is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, shoulder is an umlsterm, arthrodesis is an umlsterm, prosthesis is an umlsterm, techniques is an umlsterm, functional recovery is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm

DerUnfallchirurg.81010405.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Functional recovery after bilateral comminuted fractures of the humeral head with posterior dislocation is poor . When reposition and internal fixation fail , the remaining alternatives are ( hemi ) arthroplasty and/or arthrodesis . In a 50-year-old patient , we treated the dominant shoulder by arthrodesis ; a Neer prosthesis was inserted at the other side . Using this strategy , the advantages of both techniques were combined with an acceptable functional recovery , which ist especially important for young and active patients . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Functional recovery, comminuted fractures, head, posterior, dislocation, arthroplasty, arthrodesis, patient, shoulder, arthrodesis, prosthesis, techniques, functional recovery, patients Options: umlsterm

[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Functional recovery after bilateral comminuted fractures of the humeral head with posterior dislocation is poor . When reposition and internal fixation fail , the remaining alternatives are ( hemi ) arthroplasty and/or arthrodesis . In a 50-year-old patient , we treated the dominant shoulder by arthrodesis ; a Neer prosthesis was inserted at the other side . Using this strategy , the advantages of both techniques were combined with an acceptable functional recovery , which ist especially important for young and active patients .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Functional recovery, comminuted fractures, head, posterior, dislocation, arthroplasty, arthrodesis, patient, shoulder, arthrodesis, prosthesis, techniques, functional recovery, patients

DerUnfallchirurg.81010405.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Functional recovery after bilateral comminuted fractures of the humeral head with posterior dislocation is poor . When reposition and internal fixation fail , the remaining alternatives are ( hemi ) arthroplasty and/or arthrodesis . In a 50-year-old patient , we treated the dominant shoulder by arthrodesis ; a Neer prosthesis was inserted at the other side . Using this strategy , the advantages of both techniques were combined with an acceptable functional recovery , which ist especially important for young and active patients . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Functional recovery after bilateral comminuted fractures of the humeral head with posterior dislocation is poor . When reposition and internal fixation fail , the remaining alternatives are ( hemi ) arthroplasty and/or arthrodesis . In a 50-year-old patient , we treated the dominant shoulder by arthrodesis ; a Neer prosthesis was inserted at the other side . Using this strategy , the advantages of both techniques were combined with an acceptable functional recovery , which ist especially important for young and active patients .

[ "Functional", "recovery", "after", "bilateral", "comminuted", "fractures", "of", "the", "humeral", "head", "with", "posterior", "dislocation", "is", "poor", ".", "When", "reposition", "and", "internal", "fixation", "fail", ",", "the", "remaining", "alternatives", "are", "(", "hemi", ")", "arthroplasty", "and", "/", "or", "arthrodesis", ".", "In", "a", "50-year", "-", "old", "patient", ",", "we", "treated", "the", "dominant", "shoulder", "by", "arthrodesis", ";", "a", "Neer", "prosthesis", "was", "inserted", "at", "the", "other", "side", ".", "Using", "this", "strategy", ",", "the", "advantages", "of", "both", "techniques", "were", "combined", "with", "an", "acceptable", "functional", "recovery", ",", "which", "ist", "especially", "important", "for", "young", "and", "active", "patients", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Patients is an umlsterm, chest is an umlsterm, abdominal wall is an umlsterm, plastic surgery is an umlsterm, defects is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, flaps is an umlsterm, defects is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, flaps is an umlsterm, secondary is an umlsterm, skin graft is an umlsterm, omentum is an umlsterm, flap is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, bed is an umlsterm, conditioning is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, omentum is an umlsterm, flap is an umlsterm, defect is an umlsterm, basal cell carcinoma is an umlsterm, thorax is an umlsterm, abdominal wall is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, conditioning is an umlsterm, activated charcoal is an umlsterm, polymer is an umlsterm, secondary is an umlsterm, skin grafting is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, fibrosis is an umlsterm, calcification is an umlsterm, omentum is an umlsterm, abdominal wall is an umlsterm

DerChirurg.90700566.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Patients suffering from long-untreated malignomas of the chest or abdominal wall may require plastic surgery due to extensive defects after tumor resection . Despite a variety of pedicled or free myocutaneous flaps , there are defects in which these reconstructional options may not be indicated . In these patients , the omental flaps are a valid alternative . Since a secondary split skin graft is mandatory with the omentum flap , antibacterial and granulation-enhancing xerodressings are required for wound bed conditioning . We report one patient in whom the omentum flap was used for coverage of an extensive defect after resection of a widespread basal cell carcinoma at the lateral thorax and abdominal wall . After wound conditioning with silver-impregnated activated charcoal xerodressing ( Actisorb ) in combination with a hydroactive polymer dressing ( Allevyn ) , secondary skin grafting was performed . In this patient fibrosis and calcification of the omentum led to stable abdominal wall coverage even without the application of a synthetic mesh . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Patients suffering from long-untreated malignomas of the chest or abdominal wall may require plastic surgery due to extensive defects after tumor resection . Despite a variety of pedicled or free myocutaneous flaps , there are defects in which these reconstructional options may not be indicated . In these patients , the omental flaps are a valid alternative . Since a secondary split skin graft is mandatory with the omentum flap , antibacterial and granulation-enhancing xerodressings are required for wound bed conditioning . We report one patient in whom the omentum flap was used for coverage of an extensive defect after resection of a widespread basal cell carcinoma at the lateral thorax and abdominal wall . After wound conditioning with silver-impregnated activated charcoal xerodressing ( Actisorb ) in combination with a hydroactive polymer dressing ( Allevyn ) , secondary skin grafting was performed . In this patient fibrosis and calcification of the omentum led to stable abdominal wall coverage even without the application of a synthetic mesh .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Patients is an umlsterm, chest is an umlsterm, abdominal wall is an umlsterm, plastic surgery is an umlsterm, defects is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, flaps is an umlsterm, defects is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, flaps is an umlsterm, secondary is an umlsterm, skin graft is an umlsterm, omentum is an umlsterm, flap is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, bed is an umlsterm, conditioning is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, omentum is an umlsterm, flap is an umlsterm, defect is an umlsterm, basal cell carcinoma is an umlsterm, thorax is an umlsterm, abdominal wall is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, conditioning is an umlsterm, activated charcoal is an umlsterm, polymer is an umlsterm, secondary is an umlsterm, skin grafting is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, fibrosis is an umlsterm, calcification is an umlsterm, omentum is an umlsterm, abdominal wall is an umlsterm

DerChirurg.90700566.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Patients suffering from long-untreated malignomas of the chest or abdominal wall may require plastic surgery due to extensive defects after tumor resection . Despite a variety of pedicled or free myocutaneous flaps , there are defects in which these reconstructional options may not be indicated . In these patients , the omental flaps are a valid alternative . Since a secondary split skin graft is mandatory with the omentum flap , antibacterial and granulation-enhancing xerodressings are required for wound bed conditioning . We report one patient in whom the omentum flap was used for coverage of an extensive defect after resection of a widespread basal cell carcinoma at the lateral thorax and abdominal wall . After wound conditioning with silver-impregnated activated charcoal xerodressing ( Actisorb ) in combination with a hydroactive polymer dressing ( Allevyn ) , secondary skin grafting was performed . In this patient fibrosis and calcification of the omentum led to stable abdominal wall coverage even without the application of a synthetic mesh . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Patients, chest, abdominal wall, plastic surgery, defects, tumor, flaps, defects, patients, flaps, secondary, skin graft, omentum, flap, wound, bed, conditioning, patient, omentum, flap, defect, basal cell carcinoma, thorax, abdominal wall, wound, conditioning, activated charcoal, polymer, secondary, skin grafting, patient, fibrosis, calcification, omentum, abdominal wall Options: umlsterm

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Patients suffering from long-untreated malignomas of the chest or abdominal wall may require plastic surgery due to extensive defects after tumor resection . Despite a variety of pedicled or free myocutaneous flaps , there are defects in which these reconstructional options may not be indicated . In these patients , the omental flaps are a valid alternative . Since a secondary split skin graft is mandatory with the omentum flap , antibacterial and granulation-enhancing xerodressings are required for wound bed conditioning . We report one patient in whom the omentum flap was used for coverage of an extensive defect after resection of a widespread basal cell carcinoma at the lateral thorax and abdominal wall . After wound conditioning with silver-impregnated activated charcoal xerodressing ( Actisorb ) in combination with a hydroactive polymer dressing ( Allevyn ) , secondary skin grafting was performed . In this patient fibrosis and calcification of the omentum led to stable abdominal wall coverage even without the application of a synthetic mesh .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Patients, chest, abdominal wall, plastic surgery, defects, tumor, flaps, defects, patients, flaps, secondary, skin graft, omentum, flap, wound, bed, conditioning, patient, omentum, flap, defect, basal cell carcinoma, thorax, abdominal wall, wound, conditioning, activated charcoal, polymer, secondary, skin grafting, patient, fibrosis, calcification, omentum, abdominal wall

DerChirurg.90700566.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Patients suffering from long-untreated malignomas of the chest or abdominal wall may require plastic surgery due to extensive defects after tumor resection . Despite a variety of pedicled or free myocutaneous flaps , there are defects in which these reconstructional options may not be indicated . In these patients , the omental flaps are a valid alternative . Since a secondary split skin graft is mandatory with the omentum flap , antibacterial and granulation-enhancing xerodressings are required for wound bed conditioning . We report one patient in whom the omentum flap was used for coverage of an extensive defect after resection of a widespread basal cell carcinoma at the lateral thorax and abdominal wall . After wound conditioning with silver-impregnated activated charcoal xerodressing ( Actisorb ) in combination with a hydroactive polymer dressing ( Allevyn ) , secondary skin grafting was performed . In this patient fibrosis and calcification of the omentum led to stable abdominal wall coverage even without the application of a synthetic mesh . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Patients suffering from long-untreated malignomas of the chest or abdominal wall may require plastic surgery due to extensive defects after tumor resection . Despite a variety of pedicled or free myocutaneous flaps , there are defects in which these reconstructional options may not be indicated . In these patients , the omental flaps are a valid alternative . Since a secondary split skin graft is mandatory with the omentum flap , antibacterial and granulation-enhancing xerodressings are required for wound bed conditioning . We report one patient in whom the omentum flap was used for coverage of an extensive defect after resection of a widespread basal cell carcinoma at the lateral thorax and abdominal wall . After wound conditioning with silver-impregnated activated charcoal xerodressing ( Actisorb ) in combination with a hydroactive polymer dressing ( Allevyn ) , secondary skin grafting was performed . In this patient fibrosis and calcification of the omentum led to stable abdominal wall coverage even without the application of a synthetic mesh .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

organophosphorothioates is a CHEMICAL, chlorpyrifos is a CHEMICAL, diazinon is a CHEMICAL

23123253_task0

Sentence: New tools in diagnosis and biomonitoring of intoxications with organophosphorothioates: Case studies with chlorpyrifos and diazinon. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O" ]

New tools in diagnosis and biomonitoring of intoxications with organophosphorothioates: Case studies with chlorpyrifos and diazinon.

[ "New", "tools", "in", "diagnosis", "and", "biomonitoring", "of", "intoxications", "with", "organophosphorothioates", ":", "Case", "studies", "with", "chlorpyrifos", "and", "diazinon", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]

organophosphorothioates is a CHEMICAL, chlorpyrifos is a CHEMICAL, diazinon is a CHEMICAL

23123253_task1

Sentence: New tools in diagnosis and biomonitoring of intoxications with organophosphorothioates: Case studies with chlorpyrifos and diazinon. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: organophosphorothioates, chlorpyrifos, diazinon Options: CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O" ]

New tools in diagnosis and biomonitoring of intoxications with organophosphorothioates: Case studies with chlorpyrifos and diazinon.

[ "New", "tools", "in", "diagnosis", "and", "biomonitoring", "of", "intoxications", "with", "organophosphorothioates", ":", "Case", "studies", "with", "chlorpyrifos", "and", "diazinon", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]

organophosphorothioates, chlorpyrifos, diazinon

23123253_task2

Sentence: New tools in diagnosis and biomonitoring of intoxications with organophosphorothioates: Case studies with chlorpyrifos and diazinon. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O" ]

New tools in diagnosis and biomonitoring of intoxications with organophosphorothioates: Case studies with chlorpyrifos and diazinon.

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[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]

Zeit is an umlsterm, Unfall- is an umlsterm, Notfallchirurgie is an umlsterm, Universitaetskliniken is an umlsterm, Universitaet is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Frakturfragmenten is an umlsterm, AO - Klassifikation is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Mortalitaet is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Arthrosezeichen is an umlsterm, Schmerzintensitaet is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Hinterwandfrakturen is an umlsterm, Roentgendiagnostik is an umlsterm, Thromboseprophylaxe is an umlsterm, Diagnostik is an umlsterm, Operationstechnik is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Diagnostik is an umlsterm, Technik is an umlsterm

DerUnfallchirurg.71000338.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: In der Zeit zwischen Dezember 1986 und November 1995 wurden in der Klinik fuer Unfall- und Notfallchirurgie der Universitaetskliniken der Katholischen Universitaet Leuven 222 Patienten mit 225 Acetabulumfrakturen von drei Chirurgen operativ versorgt . Operationsindikationen bestanden bei instabilen Frakturen , verschobenen Frakturen durch das Acetabulumdach und Frakturen mit intraartikulaeren Frakturfragmenten . Es lagen in 37,3% A-Frakturen , in 49,7% B-Frakturen und in 13% C-Frakturen der AO-Klassifikation vor . Bei 16,4% der Frakturen waren praeoperativ neurologische Ausfaelle vorhanden . Die Patienten wurden durchschnittlich nach 5,0 Tagen operativ versorgt . Der Kocher-Langenbeck-Zugang wurde in 56,9% verwendet , der ilioinguinale Zugang in 27,1% und der erweiterte iliofemorale Zugang in 4% . Bei 7,1% der Patienten wurde primaer eine Totalendoprothese implantiert . Es gab keine intra- oder perioperative Mortalitaet . Der durchschnittliche Krankenhausaufenthalt betrug 26,1 Tage . Bei 7,1% der Patienten bestanden sekundaere neurologische Probleme , Infektprobleme kamen in 1,3% vor , Sekundaereingriffe waren in 11,1% notwendig . 175 Patienten wurden nach einem durchschnittlichen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren nachuntersucht . Arthrosezeichen und periartikulaere Ossifikationen wurden roentgenologisch Gehstrecke , Hueftmobilitaet und Schmerzintensitaet , klinisch ausgewertet ; 76% dieser Patienten erhielten ein sehr gutes bis gutes Ergebnis nach der Merle-D'Aubigne-Skala . Die schlechtesten Ergebnisse erhielten die T-Frakturen und die Hinterwandfrakturen . Im Laufe des Neunjahreszeitraums der Studie haben sich praeoperative Roentgendiagnostik , die Wahl des operativen Zugangs und die postoperative Versorgung in Bezug auf Thromboseprophylaxe und Praevention von periartikulaeren Ossifikationen eingehend geaendert . Nach ausfuehrlicher praeoperativer Diagnostik und mit sorgfaeltiger Operationstechnik ist es moeglich , die Mehrheit der Acetabulumfrakturen durch die drei klassischen Zugaenge zu operieren . Weil diese Frakturen eher selten sind , die Diagnostik muehsam und die chirurgische Technik sich schwierig gestaltet , ist eine spezifische Schulung fuer jeden Acetabulumchirurgen unerlaesslich . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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In der Zeit zwischen Dezember 1986 und November 1995 wurden in der Klinik fuer Unfall- und Notfallchirurgie der Universitaetskliniken der Katholischen Universitaet Leuven 222 Patienten mit 225 Acetabulumfrakturen von drei Chirurgen operativ versorgt . Operationsindikationen bestanden bei instabilen Frakturen , verschobenen Frakturen durch das Acetabulumdach und Frakturen mit intraartikulaeren Frakturfragmenten . Es lagen in 37,3% A-Frakturen , in 49,7% B-Frakturen und in 13% C-Frakturen der AO-Klassifikation vor . Bei 16,4% der Frakturen waren praeoperativ neurologische Ausfaelle vorhanden . Die Patienten wurden durchschnittlich nach 5,0 Tagen operativ versorgt . Der Kocher-Langenbeck-Zugang wurde in 56,9% verwendet , der ilioinguinale Zugang in 27,1% und der erweiterte iliofemorale Zugang in 4% . Bei 7,1% der Patienten wurde primaer eine Totalendoprothese implantiert . Es gab keine intra- oder perioperative Mortalitaet . Der durchschnittliche Krankenhausaufenthalt betrug 26,1 Tage . Bei 7,1% der Patienten bestanden sekundaere neurologische Probleme , Infektprobleme kamen in 1,3% vor , Sekundaereingriffe waren in 11,1% notwendig . 175 Patienten wurden nach einem durchschnittlichen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren nachuntersucht . Arthrosezeichen und periartikulaere Ossifikationen wurden roentgenologisch Gehstrecke , Hueftmobilitaet und Schmerzintensitaet , klinisch ausgewertet ; 76% dieser Patienten erhielten ein sehr gutes bis gutes Ergebnis nach der Merle-D'Aubigne-Skala . Die schlechtesten Ergebnisse erhielten die T-Frakturen und die Hinterwandfrakturen . Im Laufe des Neunjahreszeitraums der Studie haben sich praeoperative Roentgendiagnostik , die Wahl des operativen Zugangs und die postoperative Versorgung in Bezug auf Thromboseprophylaxe und Praevention von periartikulaeren Ossifikationen eingehend geaendert . Nach ausfuehrlicher praeoperativer Diagnostik und mit sorgfaeltiger Operationstechnik ist es moeglich , die Mehrheit der Acetabulumfrakturen durch die drei klassischen Zugaenge zu operieren . Weil diese Frakturen eher selten sind , die Diagnostik muehsam und die chirurgische Technik sich schwierig gestaltet , ist eine spezifische Schulung fuer jeden Acetabulumchirurgen unerlaesslich .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Zeit is an umlsterm, Unfall- is an umlsterm, Notfallchirurgie is an umlsterm, Universitaetskliniken is an umlsterm, Universitaet is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Frakturfragmenten is an umlsterm, AO - Klassifikation is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Mortalitaet is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Arthrosezeichen is an umlsterm, Schmerzintensitaet is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Hinterwandfrakturen is an umlsterm, Roentgendiagnostik is an umlsterm, Thromboseprophylaxe is an umlsterm, Diagnostik is an umlsterm, Operationstechnik is an umlsterm, Frakturen is an umlsterm, Diagnostik is an umlsterm, Technik is an umlsterm

DerUnfallchirurg.71000338.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: In der Zeit zwischen Dezember 1986 und November 1995 wurden in der Klinik fuer Unfall- und Notfallchirurgie der Universitaetskliniken der Katholischen Universitaet Leuven 222 Patienten mit 225 Acetabulumfrakturen von drei Chirurgen operativ versorgt . Operationsindikationen bestanden bei instabilen Frakturen , verschobenen Frakturen durch das Acetabulumdach und Frakturen mit intraartikulaeren Frakturfragmenten . Es lagen in 37,3% A-Frakturen , in 49,7% B-Frakturen und in 13% C-Frakturen der AO-Klassifikation vor . Bei 16,4% der Frakturen waren praeoperativ neurologische Ausfaelle vorhanden . Die Patienten wurden durchschnittlich nach 5,0 Tagen operativ versorgt . Der Kocher-Langenbeck-Zugang wurde in 56,9% verwendet , der ilioinguinale Zugang in 27,1% und der erweiterte iliofemorale Zugang in 4% . Bei 7,1% der Patienten wurde primaer eine Totalendoprothese implantiert . Es gab keine intra- oder perioperative Mortalitaet . Der durchschnittliche Krankenhausaufenthalt betrug 26,1 Tage . Bei 7,1% der Patienten bestanden sekundaere neurologische Probleme , Infektprobleme kamen in 1,3% vor , Sekundaereingriffe waren in 11,1% notwendig . 175 Patienten wurden nach einem durchschnittlichen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren nachuntersucht . Arthrosezeichen und periartikulaere Ossifikationen wurden roentgenologisch Gehstrecke , Hueftmobilitaet und Schmerzintensitaet , klinisch ausgewertet ; 76% dieser Patienten erhielten ein sehr gutes bis gutes Ergebnis nach der Merle-D'Aubigne-Skala . Die schlechtesten Ergebnisse erhielten die T-Frakturen und die Hinterwandfrakturen . Im Laufe des Neunjahreszeitraums der Studie haben sich praeoperative Roentgendiagnostik , die Wahl des operativen Zugangs und die postoperative Versorgung in Bezug auf Thromboseprophylaxe und Praevention von periartikulaeren Ossifikationen eingehend geaendert . Nach ausfuehrlicher praeoperativer Diagnostik und mit sorgfaeltiger Operationstechnik ist es moeglich , die Mehrheit der Acetabulumfrakturen durch die drei klassischen Zugaenge zu operieren . Weil diese Frakturen eher selten sind , die Diagnostik muehsam und die chirurgische Technik sich schwierig gestaltet , ist eine spezifische Schulung fuer jeden Acetabulumchirurgen unerlaesslich . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Zeit, Unfall-, Notfallchirurgie, Universitaetskliniken, Universitaet, Patienten, Frakturen, Frakturen, Frakturen, Frakturfragmenten, AO - Klassifikation, Frakturen, Patienten, Patienten, Mortalitaet, Patienten, Patienten, Arthrosezeichen, Schmerzintensitaet, Patienten, Hinterwandfrakturen, Roentgendiagnostik, Thromboseprophylaxe, Diagnostik, Operationstechnik, Frakturen, Diagnostik, Technik Options: umlsterm

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In der Zeit zwischen Dezember 1986 und November 1995 wurden in der Klinik fuer Unfall- und Notfallchirurgie der Universitaetskliniken der Katholischen Universitaet Leuven 222 Patienten mit 225 Acetabulumfrakturen von drei Chirurgen operativ versorgt . Operationsindikationen bestanden bei instabilen Frakturen , verschobenen Frakturen durch das Acetabulumdach und Frakturen mit intraartikulaeren Frakturfragmenten . Es lagen in 37,3% A-Frakturen , in 49,7% B-Frakturen und in 13% C-Frakturen der AO-Klassifikation vor . Bei 16,4% der Frakturen waren praeoperativ neurologische Ausfaelle vorhanden . Die Patienten wurden durchschnittlich nach 5,0 Tagen operativ versorgt . Der Kocher-Langenbeck-Zugang wurde in 56,9% verwendet , der ilioinguinale Zugang in 27,1% und der erweiterte iliofemorale Zugang in 4% . Bei 7,1% der Patienten wurde primaer eine Totalendoprothese implantiert . Es gab keine intra- oder perioperative Mortalitaet . Der durchschnittliche Krankenhausaufenthalt betrug 26,1 Tage . Bei 7,1% der Patienten bestanden sekundaere neurologische Probleme , Infektprobleme kamen in 1,3% vor , Sekundaereingriffe waren in 11,1% notwendig . 175 Patienten wurden nach einem durchschnittlichen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren nachuntersucht . Arthrosezeichen und periartikulaere Ossifikationen wurden roentgenologisch Gehstrecke , Hueftmobilitaet und Schmerzintensitaet , klinisch ausgewertet ; 76% dieser Patienten erhielten ein sehr gutes bis gutes Ergebnis nach der Merle-D'Aubigne-Skala . Die schlechtesten Ergebnisse erhielten die T-Frakturen und die Hinterwandfrakturen . Im Laufe des Neunjahreszeitraums der Studie haben sich praeoperative Roentgendiagnostik , die Wahl des operativen Zugangs und die postoperative Versorgung in Bezug auf Thromboseprophylaxe und Praevention von periartikulaeren Ossifikationen eingehend geaendert . Nach ausfuehrlicher praeoperativer Diagnostik und mit sorgfaeltiger Operationstechnik ist es moeglich , die Mehrheit der Acetabulumfrakturen durch die drei klassischen Zugaenge zu operieren . Weil diese Frakturen eher selten sind , die Diagnostik muehsam und die chirurgische Technik sich schwierig gestaltet , ist eine spezifische Schulung fuer jeden Acetabulumchirurgen unerlaesslich .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Zeit, Unfall-, Notfallchirurgie, Universitaetskliniken, Universitaet, Patienten, Frakturen, Frakturen, Frakturen, Frakturfragmenten, AO - Klassifikation, Frakturen, Patienten, Patienten, Mortalitaet, Patienten, Patienten, Arthrosezeichen, Schmerzintensitaet, Patienten, Hinterwandfrakturen, Roentgendiagnostik, Thromboseprophylaxe, Diagnostik, Operationstechnik, Frakturen, Diagnostik, Technik

DerUnfallchirurg.71000338.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: In der Zeit zwischen Dezember 1986 und November 1995 wurden in der Klinik fuer Unfall- und Notfallchirurgie der Universitaetskliniken der Katholischen Universitaet Leuven 222 Patienten mit 225 Acetabulumfrakturen von drei Chirurgen operativ versorgt . Operationsindikationen bestanden bei instabilen Frakturen , verschobenen Frakturen durch das Acetabulumdach und Frakturen mit intraartikulaeren Frakturfragmenten . Es lagen in 37,3% A-Frakturen , in 49,7% B-Frakturen und in 13% C-Frakturen der AO-Klassifikation vor . Bei 16,4% der Frakturen waren praeoperativ neurologische Ausfaelle vorhanden . Die Patienten wurden durchschnittlich nach 5,0 Tagen operativ versorgt . Der Kocher-Langenbeck-Zugang wurde in 56,9% verwendet , der ilioinguinale Zugang in 27,1% und der erweiterte iliofemorale Zugang in 4% . Bei 7,1% der Patienten wurde primaer eine Totalendoprothese implantiert . Es gab keine intra- oder perioperative Mortalitaet . Der durchschnittliche Krankenhausaufenthalt betrug 26,1 Tage . Bei 7,1% der Patienten bestanden sekundaere neurologische Probleme , Infektprobleme kamen in 1,3% vor , Sekundaereingriffe waren in 11,1% notwendig . 175 Patienten wurden nach einem durchschnittlichen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren nachuntersucht . Arthrosezeichen und periartikulaere Ossifikationen wurden roentgenologisch Gehstrecke , Hueftmobilitaet und Schmerzintensitaet , klinisch ausgewertet ; 76% dieser Patienten erhielten ein sehr gutes bis gutes Ergebnis nach der Merle-D'Aubigne-Skala . Die schlechtesten Ergebnisse erhielten die T-Frakturen und die Hinterwandfrakturen . Im Laufe des Neunjahreszeitraums der Studie haben sich praeoperative Roentgendiagnostik , die Wahl des operativen Zugangs und die postoperative Versorgung in Bezug auf Thromboseprophylaxe und Praevention von periartikulaeren Ossifikationen eingehend geaendert . Nach ausfuehrlicher praeoperativer Diagnostik und mit sorgfaeltiger Operationstechnik ist es moeglich , die Mehrheit der Acetabulumfrakturen durch die drei klassischen Zugaenge zu operieren . Weil diese Frakturen eher selten sind , die Diagnostik muehsam und die chirurgische Technik sich schwierig gestaltet , ist eine spezifische Schulung fuer jeden Acetabulumchirurgen unerlaesslich . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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In der Zeit zwischen Dezember 1986 und November 1995 wurden in der Klinik fuer Unfall- und Notfallchirurgie der Universitaetskliniken der Katholischen Universitaet Leuven 222 Patienten mit 225 Acetabulumfrakturen von drei Chirurgen operativ versorgt . Operationsindikationen bestanden bei instabilen Frakturen , verschobenen Frakturen durch das Acetabulumdach und Frakturen mit intraartikulaeren Frakturfragmenten . Es lagen in 37,3% A-Frakturen , in 49,7% B-Frakturen und in 13% C-Frakturen der AO-Klassifikation vor . Bei 16,4% der Frakturen waren praeoperativ neurologische Ausfaelle vorhanden . Die Patienten wurden durchschnittlich nach 5,0 Tagen operativ versorgt . Der Kocher-Langenbeck-Zugang wurde in 56,9% verwendet , der ilioinguinale Zugang in 27,1% und der erweiterte iliofemorale Zugang in 4% . Bei 7,1% der Patienten wurde primaer eine Totalendoprothese implantiert . Es gab keine intra- oder perioperative Mortalitaet . Der durchschnittliche Krankenhausaufenthalt betrug 26,1 Tage . Bei 7,1% der Patienten bestanden sekundaere neurologische Probleme , Infektprobleme kamen in 1,3% vor , Sekundaereingriffe waren in 11,1% notwendig . 175 Patienten wurden nach einem durchschnittlichen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren nachuntersucht . Arthrosezeichen und periartikulaere Ossifikationen wurden roentgenologisch Gehstrecke , Hueftmobilitaet und Schmerzintensitaet , klinisch ausgewertet ; 76% dieser Patienten erhielten ein sehr gutes bis gutes Ergebnis nach der Merle-D'Aubigne-Skala . Die schlechtesten Ergebnisse erhielten die T-Frakturen und die Hinterwandfrakturen . Im Laufe des Neunjahreszeitraums der Studie haben sich praeoperative Roentgendiagnostik , die Wahl des operativen Zugangs und die postoperative Versorgung in Bezug auf Thromboseprophylaxe und Praevention von periartikulaeren Ossifikationen eingehend geaendert . Nach ausfuehrlicher praeoperativer Diagnostik und mit sorgfaeltiger Operationstechnik ist es moeglich , die Mehrheit der Acetabulumfrakturen durch die drei klassischen Zugaenge zu operieren . Weil diese Frakturen eher selten sind , die Diagnostik muehsam und die chirurgische Technik sich schwierig gestaltet , ist eine spezifische Schulung fuer jeden Acetabulumchirurgen unerlaesslich .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Nuclear is a Cellular_component, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cytoskeletal is a Cellular_component, Rho is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, guanine is a Simple_chemical, Cdc42 is a Gene_or_gene_product, cell nucleus is a Cellular_component, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, cyclin - dependent kinase is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc28-Cln is a Complex, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, cytoplasm is a Cellular_component, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, actin is a Gene_or_gene_product, cytoskeleton is a Cellular_component, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, bud site is a Cellular_component, Far1-Cdc24 is a Complex, nucleus is a Cellular_component, Msn5 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, plasma membrane is a Cellular_component, actin is a Gene_or_gene_product, cytoskeleton is a Cellular_component, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, nuclear is a Cellular_component, Msn5 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, nuclear is a Cellular_component, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc42 is a Gene_or_gene_product

25_task0

Sentence: Nuclear sequestration of the exchange factor Cdc24 by Far1 regulates cell polarity during yeast mating. Cytoskeletal rearrangements during the cell cycle and in response to signals are regulated by small Rho-type GTPases, but it is not known how these GTPases are activated in a spatial and temporal manner. Here we show that Cdc24, the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the yeast GTPase Cdc42, is sequestered in the cell nucleus by Far1. Export of Cdc24 to a site of cell polarization is mediated by two mechanisms. At bud emergence, activation of the G1 cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28-Cln triggers degradation of Far1 and, as a result, relocation of Cdc24 to the cytoplasm. Cells overexpressing a non-degradable Far1 were unable to polarize their actin cytoskeleton because they failed to relocate Cdc24 to the incipient bud site. In contrast, in response to mating pheromones, the Far1-Cdc24 complex is exported from the nucleus by Msn5. This mechanism ensures that Cdc24 is targeted to the site of receptor-associated heterotrimeric G-protein activation at the plasma membrane, thereby allowing polarization of the actin cytoskeleton along the morphogenetic gradient of pheromone. Either degradation of Far1 or its nuclear export by Msn5 was sufficient for cell growth, suggesting that the two mechanisms are redundant for cell viability. Taken together, our results indicate that Far1 functions as a nuclear anchor for Cdc24. This sequestration regulates cell polarity in response to pheromones by restricting activation of Cdc42 to the site of pheromone receptor activation. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Simple_chemical, Complex, Gene_or_gene_product, Cellular_component

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Nuclear sequestration of the exchange factor Cdc24 by Far1 regulates cell polarity during yeast mating. Cytoskeletal rearrangements during the cell cycle and in response to signals are regulated by small Rho-type GTPases, but it is not known how these GTPases are activated in a spatial and temporal manner. Here we show that Cdc24, the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the yeast GTPase Cdc42, is sequestered in the cell nucleus by Far1. Export of Cdc24 to a site of cell polarization is mediated by two mechanisms. At bud emergence, activation of the G1 cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28-Cln triggers degradation of Far1 and, as a result, relocation of Cdc24 to the cytoplasm. Cells overexpressing a non-degradable Far1 were unable to polarize their actin cytoskeleton because they failed to relocate Cdc24 to the incipient bud site. In contrast, in response to mating pheromones, the Far1-Cdc24 complex is exported from the nucleus by Msn5. This mechanism ensures that Cdc24 is targeted to the site of receptor-associated heterotrimeric G-protein activation at the plasma membrane, thereby allowing polarization of the actin cytoskeleton along the morphogenetic gradient of pheromone. Either degradation of Far1 or its nuclear export by Msn5 was sufficient for cell growth, suggesting that the two mechanisms are redundant for cell viability. Taken together, our results indicate that Far1 functions as a nuclear anchor for Cdc24. This sequestration regulates cell polarity in response to pheromones by restricting activation of Cdc42 to the site of pheromone receptor activation.

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[ "Gene_or_gene_product", "Cellular_component", "Complex", "Simple_chemical" ]

Nuclear is a Cellular_component, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cytoskeletal is a Cellular_component, Rho is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, guanine is a Simple_chemical, Cdc42 is a Gene_or_gene_product, cell nucleus is a Cellular_component, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, cyclin - dependent kinase is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc28-Cln is a Complex, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, cytoplasm is a Cellular_component, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, actin is a Gene_or_gene_product, cytoskeleton is a Cellular_component, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, bud site is a Cellular_component, Far1-Cdc24 is a Complex, nucleus is a Cellular_component, Msn5 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, plasma membrane is a Cellular_component, actin is a Gene_or_gene_product, cytoskeleton is a Cellular_component, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, nuclear is a Cellular_component, Msn5 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Far1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, nuclear is a Cellular_component, Cdc24 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Cdc42 is a Gene_or_gene_product

25_task1

Sentence: Nuclear sequestration of the exchange factor Cdc24 by Far1 regulates cell polarity during yeast mating. Cytoskeletal rearrangements during the cell cycle and in response to signals are regulated by small Rho-type GTPases, but it is not known how these GTPases are activated in a spatial and temporal manner. Here we show that Cdc24, the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the yeast GTPase Cdc42, is sequestered in the cell nucleus by Far1. Export of Cdc24 to a site of cell polarization is mediated by two mechanisms. At bud emergence, activation of the G1 cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28-Cln triggers degradation of Far1 and, as a result, relocation of Cdc24 to the cytoplasm. Cells overexpressing a non-degradable Far1 were unable to polarize their actin cytoskeleton because they failed to relocate Cdc24 to the incipient bud site. In contrast, in response to mating pheromones, the Far1-Cdc24 complex is exported from the nucleus by Msn5. This mechanism ensures that Cdc24 is targeted to the site of receptor-associated heterotrimeric G-protein activation at the plasma membrane, thereby allowing polarization of the actin cytoskeleton along the morphogenetic gradient of pheromone. Either degradation of Far1 or its nuclear export by Msn5 was sufficient for cell growth, suggesting that the two mechanisms are redundant for cell viability. Taken together, our results indicate that Far1 functions as a nuclear anchor for Cdc24. This sequestration regulates cell polarity in response to pheromones by restricting activation of Cdc42 to the site of pheromone receptor activation. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Nuclear, Cdc24, Far1, Cytoskeletal, Rho, Cdc24, guanine, Cdc42, cell nucleus, Far1, Cdc24, cyclin - dependent kinase, Cdc28-Cln, Far1, Cdc24, cytoplasm, Far1, actin, cytoskeleton, Cdc24, bud site, Far1-Cdc24, nucleus, Msn5, Cdc24, plasma membrane, actin, cytoskeleton, Far1, nuclear, Msn5, Far1, nuclear, Cdc24, Cdc42 Options: Simple_chemical, Complex, Gene_or_gene_product, Cellular_component

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Nuclear sequestration of the exchange factor Cdc24 by Far1 regulates cell polarity during yeast mating. Cytoskeletal rearrangements during the cell cycle and in response to signals are regulated by small Rho-type GTPases, but it is not known how these GTPases are activated in a spatial and temporal manner. Here we show that Cdc24, the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the yeast GTPase Cdc42, is sequestered in the cell nucleus by Far1. Export of Cdc24 to a site of cell polarization is mediated by two mechanisms. At bud emergence, activation of the G1 cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28-Cln triggers degradation of Far1 and, as a result, relocation of Cdc24 to the cytoplasm. Cells overexpressing a non-degradable Far1 were unable to polarize their actin cytoskeleton because they failed to relocate Cdc24 to the incipient bud site. In contrast, in response to mating pheromones, the Far1-Cdc24 complex is exported from the nucleus by Msn5. This mechanism ensures that Cdc24 is targeted to the site of receptor-associated heterotrimeric G-protein activation at the plasma membrane, thereby allowing polarization of the actin cytoskeleton along the morphogenetic gradient of pheromone. Either degradation of Far1 or its nuclear export by Msn5 was sufficient for cell growth, suggesting that the two mechanisms are redundant for cell viability. Taken together, our results indicate that Far1 functions as a nuclear anchor for Cdc24. This sequestration regulates cell polarity in response to pheromones by restricting activation of Cdc42 to the site of pheromone receptor activation.

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[ "Gene_or_gene_product", "Cellular_component", "Complex", "Simple_chemical" ]

Nuclear, Cdc24, Far1, Cytoskeletal, Rho, Cdc24, guanine, Cdc42, cell nucleus, Far1, Cdc24, cyclin - dependent kinase, Cdc28-Cln, Far1, Cdc24, cytoplasm, Far1, actin, cytoskeleton, Cdc24, bud site, Far1-Cdc24, nucleus, Msn5, Cdc24, plasma membrane, actin, cytoskeleton, Far1, nuclear, Msn5, Far1, nuclear, Cdc24, Cdc42

25_task2

Sentence: Nuclear sequestration of the exchange factor Cdc24 by Far1 regulates cell polarity during yeast mating. Cytoskeletal rearrangements during the cell cycle and in response to signals are regulated by small Rho-type GTPases, but it is not known how these GTPases are activated in a spatial and temporal manner. Here we show that Cdc24, the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the yeast GTPase Cdc42, is sequestered in the cell nucleus by Far1. Export of Cdc24 to a site of cell polarization is mediated by two mechanisms. At bud emergence, activation of the G1 cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28-Cln triggers degradation of Far1 and, as a result, relocation of Cdc24 to the cytoplasm. Cells overexpressing a non-degradable Far1 were unable to polarize their actin cytoskeleton because they failed to relocate Cdc24 to the incipient bud site. In contrast, in response to mating pheromones, the Far1-Cdc24 complex is exported from the nucleus by Msn5. This mechanism ensures that Cdc24 is targeted to the site of receptor-associated heterotrimeric G-protein activation at the plasma membrane, thereby allowing polarization of the actin cytoskeleton along the morphogenetic gradient of pheromone. Either degradation of Far1 or its nuclear export by Msn5 was sufficient for cell growth, suggesting that the two mechanisms are redundant for cell viability. Taken together, our results indicate that Far1 functions as a nuclear anchor for Cdc24. This sequestration regulates cell polarity in response to pheromones by restricting activation of Cdc42 to the site of pheromone receptor activation. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Nuclear sequestration of the exchange factor Cdc24 by Far1 regulates cell polarity during yeast mating. Cytoskeletal rearrangements during the cell cycle and in response to signals are regulated by small Rho-type GTPases, but it is not known how these GTPases are activated in a spatial and temporal manner. Here we show that Cdc24, the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the yeast GTPase Cdc42, is sequestered in the cell nucleus by Far1. Export of Cdc24 to a site of cell polarization is mediated by two mechanisms. At bud emergence, activation of the G1 cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28-Cln triggers degradation of Far1 and, as a result, relocation of Cdc24 to the cytoplasm. Cells overexpressing a non-degradable Far1 were unable to polarize their actin cytoskeleton because they failed to relocate Cdc24 to the incipient bud site. In contrast, in response to mating pheromones, the Far1-Cdc24 complex is exported from the nucleus by Msn5. This mechanism ensures that Cdc24 is targeted to the site of receptor-associated heterotrimeric G-protein activation at the plasma membrane, thereby allowing polarization of the actin cytoskeleton along the morphogenetic gradient of pheromone. Either degradation of Far1 or its nuclear export by Msn5 was sufficient for cell growth, suggesting that the two mechanisms are redundant for cell viability. Taken together, our results indicate that Far1 functions as a nuclear anchor for Cdc24. This sequestration regulates cell polarity in response to pheromones by restricting activation of Cdc42 to the site of pheromone receptor activation.

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[ "Gene_or_gene_product", "Cellular_component", "Complex", "Simple_chemical" ]

patients is an umlsterm, subarachnoid haemorrhage is an umlsterm, rupture is an umlsterm, cerebral aneurysm is an umlsterm, Morbidity is an umlsterm, mortality is an umlsterm, ischaemic is an umlsterm, cerebral vasospasm is an umlsterm, review is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, calcium antagonists is an umlsterm, haemodilution is an umlsterm, hypertension is an umlsterm, light is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm

DerAnaesthesist.50440219.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Only 53%-58% of patients with a subarachnoid haemorrhage ( SAB ) following the rupture of a cerebral aneurysm survive without neurological damage . Morbidity and mortality are closely related to the delayed ischaemic neurological deficit due to cerebral vasospasm . The following review gives an account of pathophysiological mechanisms ; the importance of treatment with calcium antagonists , hypervolaemic haemodilution , and induced arterial hypertension is discussed in light of the current literature . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Only 53%-58% of patients with a subarachnoid haemorrhage ( SAB ) following the rupture of a cerebral aneurysm survive without neurological damage . Morbidity and mortality are closely related to the delayed ischaemic neurological deficit due to cerebral vasospasm . The following review gives an account of pathophysiological mechanisms ; the importance of treatment with calcium antagonists , hypervolaemic haemodilution , and induced arterial hypertension is discussed in light of the current literature .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

patients is an umlsterm, subarachnoid haemorrhage is an umlsterm, rupture is an umlsterm, cerebral aneurysm is an umlsterm, Morbidity is an umlsterm, mortality is an umlsterm, ischaemic is an umlsterm, cerebral vasospasm is an umlsterm, review is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, calcium antagonists is an umlsterm, haemodilution is an umlsterm, hypertension is an umlsterm, light is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm

DerAnaesthesist.50440219.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Only 53%-58% of patients with a subarachnoid haemorrhage ( SAB ) following the rupture of a cerebral aneurysm survive without neurological damage . Morbidity and mortality are closely related to the delayed ischaemic neurological deficit due to cerebral vasospasm . The following review gives an account of pathophysiological mechanisms ; the importance of treatment with calcium antagonists , hypervolaemic haemodilution , and induced arterial hypertension is discussed in light of the current literature . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: patients, subarachnoid haemorrhage, rupture, cerebral aneurysm, Morbidity, mortality, ischaemic, cerebral vasospasm, review, treatment, calcium antagonists, haemodilution, hypertension, light, literature Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Only 53%-58% of patients with a subarachnoid haemorrhage ( SAB ) following the rupture of a cerebral aneurysm survive without neurological damage . Morbidity and mortality are closely related to the delayed ischaemic neurological deficit due to cerebral vasospasm . The following review gives an account of pathophysiological mechanisms ; the importance of treatment with calcium antagonists , hypervolaemic haemodilution , and induced arterial hypertension is discussed in light of the current literature .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

patients, subarachnoid haemorrhage, rupture, cerebral aneurysm, Morbidity, mortality, ischaemic, cerebral vasospasm, review, treatment, calcium antagonists, haemodilution, hypertension, light, literature

DerAnaesthesist.50440219.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Only 53%-58% of patients with a subarachnoid haemorrhage ( SAB ) following the rupture of a cerebral aneurysm survive without neurological damage . Morbidity and mortality are closely related to the delayed ischaemic neurological deficit due to cerebral vasospasm . The following review gives an account of pathophysiological mechanisms ; the importance of treatment with calcium antagonists , hypervolaemic haemodilution , and induced arterial hypertension is discussed in light of the current literature . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Only 53%-58% of patients with a subarachnoid haemorrhage ( SAB ) following the rupture of a cerebral aneurysm survive without neurological damage . Morbidity and mortality are closely related to the delayed ischaemic neurological deficit due to cerebral vasospasm . The following review gives an account of pathophysiological mechanisms ; the importance of treatment with calcium antagonists , hypervolaemic haemodilution , and induced arterial hypertension is discussed in light of the current literature .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, NF - kappa B - like sequence is a Entity, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein

8077662_task0

Sentence: Induction of IL-8 expression in T cells uses the CD28 costimulatory pathway. IL-8, a potent chemotactic factor for neutrophil granulocytes and lymphocytes, is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by a variety of cell types, including T cells. Stimulation of the CD28 cell surface molecule delivers costimulatory signals essential for lymphokine production in activated T cells via a conserved sequence element found in the promoter of several lymphokine genes. Anti-CD28-stimulated T cells produced significant amounts of IL-8; additionally, costimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs resulted in a synergistic induction of IL-8 secretion. Sequence homology, single nucleotide mutations, and anti-CD28 Ab stimulation studies established that the NF-kappa B-like sequence in the promoter of the IL-8 gene functioned as a CD28 response element. Furthermore, cyclosporin A, but not rapamycin, blocked the synergistic induction of IL-8 expression achieved with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 costimulation. The involvement of a CD28 response element in the induction of IL-8 expression in activated T cells may provide new insights into the pathogenesis and persistence of immune disorders characterized by increased levels of IL-8, such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Entity, Protein

[ "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Induction of IL-8 expression in T cells uses the CD28 costimulatory pathway. IL-8, a potent chemotactic factor for neutrophil granulocytes and lymphocytes, is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by a variety of cell types, including T cells. Stimulation of the CD28 cell surface molecule delivers costimulatory signals essential for lymphokine production in activated T cells via a conserved sequence element found in the promoter of several lymphokine genes. Anti-CD28-stimulated T cells produced significant amounts of IL-8; additionally, costimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs resulted in a synergistic induction of IL-8 secretion. Sequence homology, single nucleotide mutations, and anti-CD28 Ab stimulation studies established that the NF-kappa B-like sequence in the promoter of the IL-8 gene functioned as a CD28 response element. Furthermore, cyclosporin A, but not rapamycin, blocked the synergistic induction of IL-8 expression achieved with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 costimulation. The involvement of a CD28 response element in the induction of IL-8 expression in activated T cells may provide new insights into the pathogenesis and persistence of immune disorders characterized by increased levels of IL-8, such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis.

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[ "Entity", "Protein" ]

IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, NF - kappa B - like sequence is a Entity, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, CD28 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein, IL-8 is a Protein

8077662_task1

Sentence: Induction of IL-8 expression in T cells uses the CD28 costimulatory pathway. IL-8, a potent chemotactic factor for neutrophil granulocytes and lymphocytes, is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by a variety of cell types, including T cells. Stimulation of the CD28 cell surface molecule delivers costimulatory signals essential for lymphokine production in activated T cells via a conserved sequence element found in the promoter of several lymphokine genes. Anti-CD28-stimulated T cells produced significant amounts of IL-8; additionally, costimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs resulted in a synergistic induction of IL-8 secretion. Sequence homology, single nucleotide mutations, and anti-CD28 Ab stimulation studies established that the NF-kappa B-like sequence in the promoter of the IL-8 gene functioned as a CD28 response element. Furthermore, cyclosporin A, but not rapamycin, blocked the synergistic induction of IL-8 expression achieved with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 costimulation. The involvement of a CD28 response element in the induction of IL-8 expression in activated T cells may provide new insights into the pathogenesis and persistence of immune disorders characterized by increased levels of IL-8, such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: IL-8, CD28, IL-8, CD28, IL-8, CD28, IL-8, CD28, NF - kappa B - like sequence, IL-8, CD28, IL-8, CD28, CD28, IL-8, IL-8 Options: Entity, Protein

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Induction of IL-8 expression in T cells uses the CD28 costimulatory pathway. IL-8, a potent chemotactic factor for neutrophil granulocytes and lymphocytes, is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by a variety of cell types, including T cells. Stimulation of the CD28 cell surface molecule delivers costimulatory signals essential for lymphokine production in activated T cells via a conserved sequence element found in the promoter of several lymphokine genes. Anti-CD28-stimulated T cells produced significant amounts of IL-8; additionally, costimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs resulted in a synergistic induction of IL-8 secretion. Sequence homology, single nucleotide mutations, and anti-CD28 Ab stimulation studies established that the NF-kappa B-like sequence in the promoter of the IL-8 gene functioned as a CD28 response element. Furthermore, cyclosporin A, but not rapamycin, blocked the synergistic induction of IL-8 expression achieved with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 costimulation. The involvement of a CD28 response element in the induction of IL-8 expression in activated T cells may provide new insights into the pathogenesis and persistence of immune disorders characterized by increased levels of IL-8, such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis.

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[ "Entity", "Protein" ]

IL-8, CD28, IL-8, CD28, IL-8, CD28, IL-8, CD28, NF - kappa B - like sequence, IL-8, CD28, IL-8, CD28, CD28, IL-8, IL-8

8077662_task2

Sentence: Induction of IL-8 expression in T cells uses the CD28 costimulatory pathway. IL-8, a potent chemotactic factor for neutrophil granulocytes and lymphocytes, is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by a variety of cell types, including T cells. Stimulation of the CD28 cell surface molecule delivers costimulatory signals essential for lymphokine production in activated T cells via a conserved sequence element found in the promoter of several lymphokine genes. Anti-CD28-stimulated T cells produced significant amounts of IL-8; additionally, costimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs resulted in a synergistic induction of IL-8 secretion. Sequence homology, single nucleotide mutations, and anti-CD28 Ab stimulation studies established that the NF-kappa B-like sequence in the promoter of the IL-8 gene functioned as a CD28 response element. Furthermore, cyclosporin A, but not rapamycin, blocked the synergistic induction of IL-8 expression achieved with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 costimulation. The involvement of a CD28 response element in the induction of IL-8 expression in activated T cells may provide new insights into the pathogenesis and persistence of immune disorders characterized by increased levels of IL-8, such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Induction of IL-8 expression in T cells uses the CD28 costimulatory pathway. IL-8, a potent chemotactic factor for neutrophil granulocytes and lymphocytes, is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by a variety of cell types, including T cells. Stimulation of the CD28 cell surface molecule delivers costimulatory signals essential for lymphokine production in activated T cells via a conserved sequence element found in the promoter of several lymphokine genes. Anti-CD28-stimulated T cells produced significant amounts of IL-8; additionally, costimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs resulted in a synergistic induction of IL-8 secretion. Sequence homology, single nucleotide mutations, and anti-CD28 Ab stimulation studies established that the NF-kappa B-like sequence in the promoter of the IL-8 gene functioned as a CD28 response element. Furthermore, cyclosporin A, but not rapamycin, blocked the synergistic induction of IL-8 expression achieved with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 costimulation. The involvement of a CD28 response element in the induction of IL-8 expression in activated T cells may provide new insights into the pathogenesis and persistence of immune disorders characterized by increased levels of IL-8, such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis.

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[ "Entity", "Protein" ]

Sp1 is a gene, AP1 is a gene, apoA - II is a gene, apoC - III is a gene, chicken vitellogenin II is a gene, fatty acid synthase is a gene, stearoyl - CoA desaturase 1 is a gene, LDL receptor is a gene, LDL receptor related protein is a gene, LRP is a gene

1.0alpha7.train.1056_task0

Sentence: Transcription factors which bind to Sp1 and AP1 have been implicated in the transcriptional regulation of other genes involved in lipid metabolism including apoA-II (31), apoC-III (32), chicken vitellogenin II (34), fatty acid synthase (35–37), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (38), the LDL receptor (39), and the LDL receptor related protein (LRP) (40). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: gene

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Transcription factors which bind to Sp1 and AP1 have been implicated in the transcriptional regulation of other genes involved in lipid metabolism including apoA-II (31), apoC-III (32), chicken vitellogenin II (34), fatty acid synthase (35–37), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (38), the LDL receptor (39), and the LDL receptor related protein (LRP) (40).

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[ "gene" ]

Sp1 is a gene, AP1 is a gene, apoA - II is a gene, apoC - III is a gene, chicken vitellogenin II is a gene, fatty acid synthase is a gene, stearoyl - CoA desaturase 1 is a gene, LDL receptor is a gene, LDL receptor related protein is a gene, LRP is a gene

1.0alpha7.train.1056_task1

Sentence: Transcription factors which bind to Sp1 and AP1 have been implicated in the transcriptional regulation of other genes involved in lipid metabolism including apoA-II (31), apoC-III (32), chicken vitellogenin II (34), fatty acid synthase (35–37), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (38), the LDL receptor (39), and the LDL receptor related protein (LRP) (40). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Sp1, AP1, apoA - II, apoC - III, chicken vitellogenin II, fatty acid synthase, stearoyl - CoA desaturase 1, LDL receptor, LDL receptor related protein, LRP Options: gene

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Transcription factors which bind to Sp1 and AP1 have been implicated in the transcriptional regulation of other genes involved in lipid metabolism including apoA-II (31), apoC-III (32), chicken vitellogenin II (34), fatty acid synthase (35–37), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (38), the LDL receptor (39), and the LDL receptor related protein (LRP) (40).

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[ "gene" ]

Sp1, AP1, apoA - II, apoC - III, chicken vitellogenin II, fatty acid synthase, stearoyl - CoA desaturase 1, LDL receptor, LDL receptor related protein, LRP

1.0alpha7.train.1056_task2

Sentence: Transcription factors which bind to Sp1 and AP1 have been implicated in the transcriptional regulation of other genes involved in lipid metabolism including apoA-II (31), apoC-III (32), chicken vitellogenin II (34), fatty acid synthase (35–37), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (38), the LDL receptor (39), and the LDL receptor related protein (LRP) (40). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "I-gene", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Transcription factors which bind to Sp1 and AP1 have been implicated in the transcriptional regulation of other genes involved in lipid metabolism including apoA-II (31), apoC-III (32), chicken vitellogenin II (34), fatty acid synthase (35–37), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (38), the LDL receptor (39), and the LDL receptor related protein (LRP) (40).

[ "Transcription", "factors", "which", "bind", "to", "Sp1", "and", "AP1", "have", "been", "implicated", "in", "the", "transcriptional", "regulation", "of", "other", "genes", "involved", "in", "lipid", "metabolism", "including", "apoA", "-", "II", "(", "31", ")", ",", "apoC", "-", "III", "(", "32", ")", ",", "chicken", "vitellogenin", "II", "(", "34", ")", ",", "fatty", "acid", "synthase", "(", "35–37", ")", ",", "stearoyl", "-", "CoA", "desaturase", "1", "(", "38", ")", ",", "the", "LDL", "receptor", "(", "39", ")", ",", "and", "the", "LDL", "receptor", "related", "protein", "(", "LRP", ")", "(", "40", ")", "." ]

[ "gene" ]

Therapie is an umlsterm, Chromoblastomykose is an umlsterm, Antimykotika is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Chromoblastomykose is an umlsterm, Phialophora is an umlsterm, Zehe is an umlsterm, Infektion is an umlsterm, Badeurlaubs is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm, Itraconazol is an umlsterm, Hautbefunds is an umlsterm, Therapieende is an umlsterm, lokaler Hyperthermie is an umlsterm, rezidivfreien is an umlsterm, Landbevoelkerung is an umlsterm, Urlaubsdermatose is an umlsterm, Differentialdiagnostik is an umlsterm, Hautveraenderungen is an umlsterm

DerHautarzt.60470693.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Die Therapie der fortgeschrittenen Chromoblastomykose ist trotz moderner Antimykotika immer noch unbefriedigend , waehrend die Behandlung im Fruehstadium hohe Heilungsraten erwarten laesst . Bei einem 46 Jahre alten Lehrer konnte eine initiale Chromoblastomykose durch eine noch unbekannte Spezies der Gattung Phialophora diagnostiziert werden . Der Erreger wurde 2 mal im Abstand von 6 Wochen aus einem teils psoriasiformen , teils verrukoesen Herd an der 4. Zehe isoliert , die Infektion ist vermutlich im Rahmen eines Badeurlaubs 4 Jahre zuvor auf Cap Verde acquiriert worden . Unter 6woechiger Therapie mit Itraconazol ( Sempera 200 ) mg/Tag und einer Amphotericin-B-haltigen Zubereitung ( Ampho-Moronal-Creme ) kam es bei guter Vertraeglichkeit zunaechst zu einer raschen Rueckbildung des Hautbefunds . Vier Wochen nach Therapieende liess sich der Erreger jedoch erneut aus Schuppenmaterial anzuechten . Eine nochmalige , nun 20woechige Itraconazoltherapie in obiger Dosierung fuehrte in Kombination mit topischem Amorolfin und lokaler Hyperthermie zu einer nun vollstaendigen , rezidivfreien Abheilung . Der vorliegende Fall zeigt , dass diese seltene Erkrankung - als Verletzungsmykose vornehmlich bei der Landbevoelkerung tropischer Regionen auftretend - auch als sog . Urlaubsdermatose im Zug des Ferntourismus in die Differentialdiagnostik psoriasiformer oder verrukoeser Hautveraenderungen einbezogen werden muss . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Die Therapie der fortgeschrittenen Chromoblastomykose ist trotz moderner Antimykotika immer noch unbefriedigend , waehrend die Behandlung im Fruehstadium hohe Heilungsraten erwarten laesst . Bei einem 46 Jahre alten Lehrer konnte eine initiale Chromoblastomykose durch eine noch unbekannte Spezies der Gattung Phialophora diagnostiziert werden . Der Erreger wurde 2 mal im Abstand von 6 Wochen aus einem teils psoriasiformen , teils verrukoesen Herd an der 4. Zehe isoliert , die Infektion ist vermutlich im Rahmen eines Badeurlaubs 4 Jahre zuvor auf Cap Verde acquiriert worden . Unter 6woechiger Therapie mit Itraconazol ( Sempera 200 ) mg/Tag und einer Amphotericin-B-haltigen Zubereitung ( Ampho-Moronal-Creme ) kam es bei guter Vertraeglichkeit zunaechst zu einer raschen Rueckbildung des Hautbefunds . Vier Wochen nach Therapieende liess sich der Erreger jedoch erneut aus Schuppenmaterial anzuechten . Eine nochmalige , nun 20woechige Itraconazoltherapie in obiger Dosierung fuehrte in Kombination mit topischem Amorolfin und lokaler Hyperthermie zu einer nun vollstaendigen , rezidivfreien Abheilung . Der vorliegende Fall zeigt , dass diese seltene Erkrankung - als Verletzungsmykose vornehmlich bei der Landbevoelkerung tropischer Regionen auftretend - auch als sog . Urlaubsdermatose im Zug des Ferntourismus in die Differentialdiagnostik psoriasiformer oder verrukoeser Hautveraenderungen einbezogen werden muss .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

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DerHautarzt.60470693.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Die Therapie der fortgeschrittenen Chromoblastomykose ist trotz moderner Antimykotika immer noch unbefriedigend , waehrend die Behandlung im Fruehstadium hohe Heilungsraten erwarten laesst . Bei einem 46 Jahre alten Lehrer konnte eine initiale Chromoblastomykose durch eine noch unbekannte Spezies der Gattung Phialophora diagnostiziert werden . Der Erreger wurde 2 mal im Abstand von 6 Wochen aus einem teils psoriasiformen , teils verrukoesen Herd an der 4. Zehe isoliert , die Infektion ist vermutlich im Rahmen eines Badeurlaubs 4 Jahre zuvor auf Cap Verde acquiriert worden . Unter 6woechiger Therapie mit Itraconazol ( Sempera 200 ) mg/Tag und einer Amphotericin-B-haltigen Zubereitung ( Ampho-Moronal-Creme ) kam es bei guter Vertraeglichkeit zunaechst zu einer raschen Rueckbildung des Hautbefunds . Vier Wochen nach Therapieende liess sich der Erreger jedoch erneut aus Schuppenmaterial anzuechten . Eine nochmalige , nun 20woechige Itraconazoltherapie in obiger Dosierung fuehrte in Kombination mit topischem Amorolfin und lokaler Hyperthermie zu einer nun vollstaendigen , rezidivfreien Abheilung . Der vorliegende Fall zeigt , dass diese seltene Erkrankung - als Verletzungsmykose vornehmlich bei der Landbevoelkerung tropischer Regionen auftretend - auch als sog . Urlaubsdermatose im Zug des Ferntourismus in die Differentialdiagnostik psoriasiformer oder verrukoeser Hautveraenderungen einbezogen werden muss . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Therapie, Chromoblastomykose, Antimykotika, Behandlung, Chromoblastomykose, Phialophora, Zehe, Infektion, Badeurlaubs, Therapie, Itraconazol, Hautbefunds, Therapieende, lokaler Hyperthermie, rezidivfreien, Landbevoelkerung, Urlaubsdermatose, Differentialdiagnostik, Hautveraenderungen Options: umlsterm

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Die Therapie der fortgeschrittenen Chromoblastomykose ist trotz moderner Antimykotika immer noch unbefriedigend , waehrend die Behandlung im Fruehstadium hohe Heilungsraten erwarten laesst . Bei einem 46 Jahre alten Lehrer konnte eine initiale Chromoblastomykose durch eine noch unbekannte Spezies der Gattung Phialophora diagnostiziert werden . Der Erreger wurde 2 mal im Abstand von 6 Wochen aus einem teils psoriasiformen , teils verrukoesen Herd an der 4. Zehe isoliert , die Infektion ist vermutlich im Rahmen eines Badeurlaubs 4 Jahre zuvor auf Cap Verde acquiriert worden . Unter 6woechiger Therapie mit Itraconazol ( Sempera 200 ) mg/Tag und einer Amphotericin-B-haltigen Zubereitung ( Ampho-Moronal-Creme ) kam es bei guter Vertraeglichkeit zunaechst zu einer raschen Rueckbildung des Hautbefunds . Vier Wochen nach Therapieende liess sich der Erreger jedoch erneut aus Schuppenmaterial anzuechten . Eine nochmalige , nun 20woechige Itraconazoltherapie in obiger Dosierung fuehrte in Kombination mit topischem Amorolfin und lokaler Hyperthermie zu einer nun vollstaendigen , rezidivfreien Abheilung . Der vorliegende Fall zeigt , dass diese seltene Erkrankung - als Verletzungsmykose vornehmlich bei der Landbevoelkerung tropischer Regionen auftretend - auch als sog . Urlaubsdermatose im Zug des Ferntourismus in die Differentialdiagnostik psoriasiformer oder verrukoeser Hautveraenderungen einbezogen werden muss .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Therapie, Chromoblastomykose, Antimykotika, Behandlung, Chromoblastomykose, Phialophora, Zehe, Infektion, Badeurlaubs, Therapie, Itraconazol, Hautbefunds, Therapieende, lokaler Hyperthermie, rezidivfreien, Landbevoelkerung, Urlaubsdermatose, Differentialdiagnostik, Hautveraenderungen

DerHautarzt.60470693.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Die Therapie der fortgeschrittenen Chromoblastomykose ist trotz moderner Antimykotika immer noch unbefriedigend , waehrend die Behandlung im Fruehstadium hohe Heilungsraten erwarten laesst . Bei einem 46 Jahre alten Lehrer konnte eine initiale Chromoblastomykose durch eine noch unbekannte Spezies der Gattung Phialophora diagnostiziert werden . Der Erreger wurde 2 mal im Abstand von 6 Wochen aus einem teils psoriasiformen , teils verrukoesen Herd an der 4. Zehe isoliert , die Infektion ist vermutlich im Rahmen eines Badeurlaubs 4 Jahre zuvor auf Cap Verde acquiriert worden . Unter 6woechiger Therapie mit Itraconazol ( Sempera 200 ) mg/Tag und einer Amphotericin-B-haltigen Zubereitung ( Ampho-Moronal-Creme ) kam es bei guter Vertraeglichkeit zunaechst zu einer raschen Rueckbildung des Hautbefunds . Vier Wochen nach Therapieende liess sich der Erreger jedoch erneut aus Schuppenmaterial anzuechten . Eine nochmalige , nun 20woechige Itraconazoltherapie in obiger Dosierung fuehrte in Kombination mit topischem Amorolfin und lokaler Hyperthermie zu einer nun vollstaendigen , rezidivfreien Abheilung . Der vorliegende Fall zeigt , dass diese seltene Erkrankung - als Verletzungsmykose vornehmlich bei der Landbevoelkerung tropischer Regionen auftretend - auch als sog . Urlaubsdermatose im Zug des Ferntourismus in die Differentialdiagnostik psoriasiformer oder verrukoeser Hautveraenderungen einbezogen werden muss . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Die Therapie der fortgeschrittenen Chromoblastomykose ist trotz moderner Antimykotika immer noch unbefriedigend , waehrend die Behandlung im Fruehstadium hohe Heilungsraten erwarten laesst . Bei einem 46 Jahre alten Lehrer konnte eine initiale Chromoblastomykose durch eine noch unbekannte Spezies der Gattung Phialophora diagnostiziert werden . Der Erreger wurde 2 mal im Abstand von 6 Wochen aus einem teils psoriasiformen , teils verrukoesen Herd an der 4. Zehe isoliert , die Infektion ist vermutlich im Rahmen eines Badeurlaubs 4 Jahre zuvor auf Cap Verde acquiriert worden . Unter 6woechiger Therapie mit Itraconazol ( Sempera 200 ) mg/Tag und einer Amphotericin-B-haltigen Zubereitung ( Ampho-Moronal-Creme ) kam es bei guter Vertraeglichkeit zunaechst zu einer raschen Rueckbildung des Hautbefunds . Vier Wochen nach Therapieende liess sich der Erreger jedoch erneut aus Schuppenmaterial anzuechten . Eine nochmalige , nun 20woechige Itraconazoltherapie in obiger Dosierung fuehrte in Kombination mit topischem Amorolfin und lokaler Hyperthermie zu einer nun vollstaendigen , rezidivfreien Abheilung . Der vorliegende Fall zeigt , dass diese seltene Erkrankung - als Verletzungsmykose vornehmlich bei der Landbevoelkerung tropischer Regionen auftretend - auch als sog . Urlaubsdermatose im Zug des Ferntourismus in die Differentialdiagnostik psoriasiformer oder verrukoeser Hautveraenderungen einbezogen werden muss .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

c - jun is a Protein, type 1 is a Protein, 2A protein phosphatases is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, Mac-1 cell surface antigen is a Protein, c - myc is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - fos is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein

1419903_task0

Sentence: Regulation of c-jun expression during induction of monocytic differentiation by okadaic acid. The present work has examined the effects of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of type 1 and 2A protein phosphatases, on the regulation of c-jun expression during monocytic differentiation of U-937 leukemia cells. The results demonstrate that okadaic acid treatment is associated with induction of a differentiated monocyte phenotype characterized by: (a) growth arrest; (b) increases in Mac-1 cell surface antigen expression; (c) down-regulation of c-myc transcripts; and (d) induction of tumor necrosis factor gene expression. This induction of monocytic differentiation was associated with transient increases in c-jun mRNA levels, which were maximal at 6 h. Similar effects were obtained for the c-fos gene. Run-on analysis demonstrated detectable levels of c-jun transcription in U-937 cells and that this rate is increased approximately 40-fold following okadaic acid exposure. c-jun mRNA levels were superinduced in cells treated with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide, whereas inhibition of protein synthesis had little, if any, effect on okadaic acid-induced c-jun transcription. The half-life of c-jun mRNA was similar (45-50 min) in both untreated and okadaic acid-induced cells. In contrast, treatment with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide was associated with stabilization (t 1/2 = 90 min) of c-jun transcripts. Taken together, these findings indicate that the induction of c-jun transcription by okadaic acid is controlled primarily by a transcriptional mechanism. Since previous studies have demonstrated that the c-jun gene is autoinduced by Jun/AP-1, we also studied transcription of c-jun promoter (positions -132/+170)-reporter gene constructs with and without a mutated AP-1 element. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Protein

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Regulation of c-jun expression during induction of monocytic differentiation by okadaic acid. The present work has examined the effects of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of type 1 and 2A protein phosphatases, on the regulation of c-jun expression during monocytic differentiation of U-937 leukemia cells. The results demonstrate that okadaic acid treatment is associated with induction of a differentiated monocyte phenotype characterized by: (a) growth arrest; (b) increases in Mac-1 cell surface antigen expression; (c) down-regulation of c-myc transcripts; and (d) induction of tumor necrosis factor gene expression. This induction of monocytic differentiation was associated with transient increases in c-jun mRNA levels, which were maximal at 6 h. Similar effects were obtained for the c-fos gene. Run-on analysis demonstrated detectable levels of c-jun transcription in U-937 cells and that this rate is increased approximately 40-fold following okadaic acid exposure. c-jun mRNA levels were superinduced in cells treated with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide, whereas inhibition of protein synthesis had little, if any, effect on okadaic acid-induced c-jun transcription. The half-life of c-jun mRNA was similar (45-50 min) in both untreated and okadaic acid-induced cells. In contrast, treatment with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide was associated with stabilization (t 1/2 = 90 min) of c-jun transcripts. Taken together, these findings indicate that the induction of c-jun transcription by okadaic acid is controlled primarily by a transcriptional mechanism. Since previous studies have demonstrated that the c-jun gene is autoinduced by Jun/AP-1, we also studied transcription of c-jun promoter (positions -132/+170)-reporter gene constructs with and without a mutated AP-1 element. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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[ "Protein" ]

c - jun is a Protein, type 1 is a Protein, 2A protein phosphatases is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, Mac-1 cell surface antigen is a Protein, c - myc is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - fos is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein, c - jun is a Protein

1419903_task1

Sentence: Regulation of c-jun expression during induction of monocytic differentiation by okadaic acid. The present work has examined the effects of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of type 1 and 2A protein phosphatases, on the regulation of c-jun expression during monocytic differentiation of U-937 leukemia cells. The results demonstrate that okadaic acid treatment is associated with induction of a differentiated monocyte phenotype characterized by: (a) growth arrest; (b) increases in Mac-1 cell surface antigen expression; (c) down-regulation of c-myc transcripts; and (d) induction of tumor necrosis factor gene expression. This induction of monocytic differentiation was associated with transient increases in c-jun mRNA levels, which were maximal at 6 h. Similar effects were obtained for the c-fos gene. Run-on analysis demonstrated detectable levels of c-jun transcription in U-937 cells and that this rate is increased approximately 40-fold following okadaic acid exposure. c-jun mRNA levels were superinduced in cells treated with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide, whereas inhibition of protein synthesis had little, if any, effect on okadaic acid-induced c-jun transcription. The half-life of c-jun mRNA was similar (45-50 min) in both untreated and okadaic acid-induced cells. In contrast, treatment with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide was associated with stabilization (t 1/2 = 90 min) of c-jun transcripts. Taken together, these findings indicate that the induction of c-jun transcription by okadaic acid is controlled primarily by a transcriptional mechanism. Since previous studies have demonstrated that the c-jun gene is autoinduced by Jun/AP-1, we also studied transcription of c-jun promoter (positions -132/+170)-reporter gene constructs with and without a mutated AP-1 element. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: c - jun, type 1, 2A protein phosphatases, c - jun, Mac-1 cell surface antigen, c - myc, c - jun, c - fos, c - jun, c - jun, c - jun, c - jun, c - jun, c - jun, c - jun, c - jun Options: Protein

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Regulation of c-jun expression during induction of monocytic differentiation by okadaic acid. The present work has examined the effects of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of type 1 and 2A protein phosphatases, on the regulation of c-jun expression during monocytic differentiation of U-937 leukemia cells. The results demonstrate that okadaic acid treatment is associated with induction of a differentiated monocyte phenotype characterized by: (a) growth arrest; (b) increases in Mac-1 cell surface antigen expression; (c) down-regulation of c-myc transcripts; and (d) induction of tumor necrosis factor gene expression. This induction of monocytic differentiation was associated with transient increases in c-jun mRNA levels, which were maximal at 6 h. Similar effects were obtained for the c-fos gene. Run-on analysis demonstrated detectable levels of c-jun transcription in U-937 cells and that this rate is increased approximately 40-fold following okadaic acid exposure. c-jun mRNA levels were superinduced in cells treated with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide, whereas inhibition of protein synthesis had little, if any, effect on okadaic acid-induced c-jun transcription. The half-life of c-jun mRNA was similar (45-50 min) in both untreated and okadaic acid-induced cells. In contrast, treatment with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide was associated with stabilization (t 1/2 = 90 min) of c-jun transcripts. Taken together, these findings indicate that the induction of c-jun transcription by okadaic acid is controlled primarily by a transcriptional mechanism. Since previous studies have demonstrated that the c-jun gene is autoinduced by Jun/AP-1, we also studied transcription of c-jun promoter (positions -132/+170)-reporter gene constructs with and without a mutated AP-1 element. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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[ "Protein" ]

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1419903_task2

Sentence: Regulation of c-jun expression during induction of monocytic differentiation by okadaic acid. The present work has examined the effects of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of type 1 and 2A protein phosphatases, on the regulation of c-jun expression during monocytic differentiation of U-937 leukemia cells. The results demonstrate that okadaic acid treatment is associated with induction of a differentiated monocyte phenotype characterized by: (a) growth arrest; (b) increases in Mac-1 cell surface antigen expression; (c) down-regulation of c-myc transcripts; and (d) induction of tumor necrosis factor gene expression. This induction of monocytic differentiation was associated with transient increases in c-jun mRNA levels, which were maximal at 6 h. Similar effects were obtained for the c-fos gene. Run-on analysis demonstrated detectable levels of c-jun transcription in U-937 cells and that this rate is increased approximately 40-fold following okadaic acid exposure. c-jun mRNA levels were superinduced in cells treated with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide, whereas inhibition of protein synthesis had little, if any, effect on okadaic acid-induced c-jun transcription. The half-life of c-jun mRNA was similar (45-50 min) in both untreated and okadaic acid-induced cells. In contrast, treatment with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide was associated with stabilization (t 1/2 = 90 min) of c-jun transcripts. Taken together, these findings indicate that the induction of c-jun transcription by okadaic acid is controlled primarily by a transcriptional mechanism. Since previous studies have demonstrated that the c-jun gene is autoinduced by Jun/AP-1, we also studied transcription of c-jun promoter (positions -132/+170)-reporter gene constructs with and without a mutated AP-1 element. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Regulation of c-jun expression during induction of monocytic differentiation by okadaic acid. The present work has examined the effects of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of type 1 and 2A protein phosphatases, on the regulation of c-jun expression during monocytic differentiation of U-937 leukemia cells. The results demonstrate that okadaic acid treatment is associated with induction of a differentiated monocyte phenotype characterized by: (a) growth arrest; (b) increases in Mac-1 cell surface antigen expression; (c) down-regulation of c-myc transcripts; and (d) induction of tumor necrosis factor gene expression. This induction of monocytic differentiation was associated with transient increases in c-jun mRNA levels, which were maximal at 6 h. Similar effects were obtained for the c-fos gene. Run-on analysis demonstrated detectable levels of c-jun transcription in U-937 cells and that this rate is increased approximately 40-fold following okadaic acid exposure. c-jun mRNA levels were superinduced in cells treated with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide, whereas inhibition of protein synthesis had little, if any, effect on okadaic acid-induced c-jun transcription. The half-life of c-jun mRNA was similar (45-50 min) in both untreated and okadaic acid-induced cells. In contrast, treatment with both okadaic acid and cycloheximide was associated with stabilization (t 1/2 = 90 min) of c-jun transcripts. Taken together, these findings indicate that the induction of c-jun transcription by okadaic acid is controlled primarily by a transcriptional mechanism. Since previous studies have demonstrated that the c-jun gene is autoinduced by Jun/AP-1, we also studied transcription of c-jun promoter (positions -132/+170)-reporter gene constructs with and without a mutated AP-1 element. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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[ "Protein" ]

nutrition intervention is a Intervention_Physical, economic productivity is a Outcome_Other, Guatemalan adults . is a Participant_Condition, 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25 - 42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 . is a Participant_Condition, accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0 - 7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969 - 77 . is a Participant_Condition, nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children is a Intervention_Pharmacological, two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, hourly wages is a Outcome_Other, tendency for hours worked is a Outcome_Other, annual incomes is a Outcome_Other, substantial increases in wage rates is a Outcome_Other

34345_task0

Sentence: Effect of a nutrition intervention during early childhood on economic productivity in Guatemalan adults . BACKGROUND Substantial , but indirect , evidence suggests that improving nutrition in early childhood in developing countries is a long-term economic investment . We investigated the direct effect of a nutrition intervention in early childhood on adult economic productivity . METHODS We obtained economic data from 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25-42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 . They accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0-7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969-77 . In this initial study , two villages were randomly assigned a nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children and two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ) . We estimated annual income , hours worked , and average hourly wages from all economic activities . We used linear regression models , adjusting for potentially confounding factors , to assess the relation between economic variables and exposure to atole or fresco at specific ages between birth and 7 years . FINDINGS Exposure to atole before , but not after , age 3 years was associated with higher hourly wages , but only for men . For exposure to atole from 0 to 2 years , the increase was US $ 0.67 per hour ( 95 % CI 0.16-1.17 ) , which meant a 46 % increase in average wages . There was a non-significant tendency for hours worked to be reduced and for annual incomes to be greater for those exposed to atole from 0 to 2 years . INTERPRETATION Improving nutrition in early childhood led to substantial increases in wage rates for men , which suggests that investments in early childhood nutrition can be long-term drivers of economic growth . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Physical, Outcome_Other, Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition

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Effect of a nutrition intervention during early childhood on economic productivity in Guatemalan adults . BACKGROUND Substantial , but indirect , evidence suggests that improving nutrition in early childhood in developing countries is a long-term economic investment . We investigated the direct effect of a nutrition intervention in early childhood on adult economic productivity . METHODS We obtained economic data from 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25-42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 . They accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0-7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969-77 . In this initial study , two villages were randomly assigned a nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children and two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ) . We estimated annual income , hours worked , and average hourly wages from all economic activities . We used linear regression models , adjusting for potentially confounding factors , to assess the relation between economic variables and exposure to atole or fresco at specific ages between birth and 7 years . FINDINGS Exposure to atole before , but not after , age 3 years was associated with higher hourly wages , but only for men . For exposure to atole from 0 to 2 years , the increase was US $ 0.67 per hour ( 95 % CI 0.16-1.17 ) , which meant a 46 % increase in average wages . There was a non-significant tendency for hours worked to be reduced and for annual incomes to be greater for those exposed to atole from 0 to 2 years . INTERPRETATION Improving nutrition in early childhood led to substantial increases in wage rates for men , which suggests that investments in early childhood nutrition can be long-term drivers of economic growth .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Physical" ]

nutrition intervention is a Intervention_Physical, economic productivity is a Outcome_Other, Guatemalan adults . is a Participant_Condition, 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25 - 42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 . is a Participant_Condition, accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0 - 7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969 - 77 . is a Participant_Condition, nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children is a Intervention_Pharmacological, two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, hourly wages is a Outcome_Other, tendency for hours worked is a Outcome_Other, annual incomes is a Outcome_Other, substantial increases in wage rates is a Outcome_Other

34345_task1

Sentence: Effect of a nutrition intervention during early childhood on economic productivity in Guatemalan adults . BACKGROUND Substantial , but indirect , evidence suggests that improving nutrition in early childhood in developing countries is a long-term economic investment . We investigated the direct effect of a nutrition intervention in early childhood on adult economic productivity . METHODS We obtained economic data from 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25-42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 . They accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0-7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969-77 . In this initial study , two villages were randomly assigned a nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children and two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ) . We estimated annual income , hours worked , and average hourly wages from all economic activities . We used linear regression models , adjusting for potentially confounding factors , to assess the relation between economic variables and exposure to atole or fresco at specific ages between birth and 7 years . FINDINGS Exposure to atole before , but not after , age 3 years was associated with higher hourly wages , but only for men . For exposure to atole from 0 to 2 years , the increase was US $ 0.67 per hour ( 95 % CI 0.16-1.17 ) , which meant a 46 % increase in average wages . There was a non-significant tendency for hours worked to be reduced and for annual incomes to be greater for those exposed to atole from 0 to 2 years . INTERPRETATION Improving nutrition in early childhood led to substantial increases in wage rates for men , which suggests that investments in early childhood nutrition can be long-term drivers of economic growth . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: nutrition intervention, economic productivity, Guatemalan adults ., 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25 - 42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 ., accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0 - 7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969 - 77 ., nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children, two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ), hourly wages, tendency for hours worked, annual incomes, substantial increases in wage rates Options: Intervention_Physical, Outcome_Other, Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition

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Effect of a nutrition intervention during early childhood on economic productivity in Guatemalan adults . BACKGROUND Substantial , but indirect , evidence suggests that improving nutrition in early childhood in developing countries is a long-term economic investment . We investigated the direct effect of a nutrition intervention in early childhood on adult economic productivity . METHODS We obtained economic data from 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25-42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 . They accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0-7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969-77 . In this initial study , two villages were randomly assigned a nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children and two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ) . We estimated annual income , hours worked , and average hourly wages from all economic activities . We used linear regression models , adjusting for potentially confounding factors , to assess the relation between economic variables and exposure to atole or fresco at specific ages between birth and 7 years . FINDINGS Exposure to atole before , but not after , age 3 years was associated with higher hourly wages , but only for men . For exposure to atole from 0 to 2 years , the increase was US $ 0.67 per hour ( 95 % CI 0.16-1.17 ) , which meant a 46 % increase in average wages . There was a non-significant tendency for hours worked to be reduced and for annual incomes to be greater for those exposed to atole from 0 to 2 years . INTERPRETATION Improving nutrition in early childhood led to substantial increases in wage rates for men , which suggests that investments in early childhood nutrition can be long-term drivers of economic growth .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Physical" ]

nutrition intervention, economic productivity, Guatemalan adults ., 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25 - 42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 ., accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0 - 7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969 - 77 ., nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children, two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ), hourly wages, tendency for hours worked, annual incomes, substantial increases in wage rates

34345_task2

Sentence: Effect of a nutrition intervention during early childhood on economic productivity in Guatemalan adults . BACKGROUND Substantial , but indirect , evidence suggests that improving nutrition in early childhood in developing countries is a long-term economic investment . We investigated the direct effect of a nutrition intervention in early childhood on adult economic productivity . METHODS We obtained economic data from 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25-42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 . They accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0-7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969-77 . In this initial study , two villages were randomly assigned a nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children and two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ) . We estimated annual income , hours worked , and average hourly wages from all economic activities . We used linear regression models , adjusting for potentially confounding factors , to assess the relation between economic variables and exposure to atole or fresco at specific ages between birth and 7 years . FINDINGS Exposure to atole before , but not after , age 3 years was associated with higher hourly wages , but only for men . For exposure to atole from 0 to 2 years , the increase was US $ 0.67 per hour ( 95 % CI 0.16-1.17 ) , which meant a 46 % increase in average wages . There was a non-significant tendency for hours worked to be reduced and for annual incomes to be greater for those exposed to atole from 0 to 2 years . INTERPRETATION Improving nutrition in early childhood led to substantial increases in wage rates for men , which suggests that investments in early childhood nutrition can be long-term drivers of economic growth . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Effect of a nutrition intervention during early childhood on economic productivity in Guatemalan adults . BACKGROUND Substantial , but indirect , evidence suggests that improving nutrition in early childhood in developing countries is a long-term economic investment . We investigated the direct effect of a nutrition intervention in early childhood on adult economic productivity . METHODS We obtained economic data from 1424 Guatemalan individuals ( aged 25-42 years ) between 2002 and 2004 . They accounted for 60 % of the 2392 children ( aged 0-7 years ) who had been enrolled in a nutrition intervention study during 1969-77 . In this initial study , two villages were randomly assigned a nutritious supplement ( atole ) for all children and two villages a less nutritious one ( fresco ) . We estimated annual income , hours worked , and average hourly wages from all economic activities . We used linear regression models , adjusting for potentially confounding factors , to assess the relation between economic variables and exposure to atole or fresco at specific ages between birth and 7 years . FINDINGS Exposure to atole before , but not after , age 3 years was associated with higher hourly wages , but only for men . For exposure to atole from 0 to 2 years , the increase was US $ 0.67 per hour ( 95 % CI 0.16-1.17 ) , which meant a 46 % increase in average wages . There was a non-significant tendency for hours worked to be reduced and for annual incomes to be greater for those exposed to atole from 0 to 2 years . INTERPRETATION Improving nutrition in early childhood led to substantial increases in wage rates for men , which suggests that investments in early childhood nutrition can be long-term drivers of economic growth .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Physical" ]

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DerChirurg.90700588.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: We report a truck driver with severe soft tissue contusion of both legs who developed atypical heparin-induced thrombocytopenia ( HIT ) after a thrombosis prophylaxis with unfractionated heparin ; despite a thrombosis the patient showed a systemic allergic reaction to heparin in combination with elevation of thrombocytes and positive heparin-dependent antibodies . Six days after the initial trauma deep vein thrombosis of the left lower leg was diagnosed and fasciotomy was performed , preventing an imminent compartment syndrome . Another 5 days later the patient developed exanthema of the trunk and upper extremities and urticaria on his face , as well as severe headache . His platelet count increased from 134 000/µl to 258 000/µl. After exclusion of other causes for these symptoms , a reaction to heparin-dependent antibodies ( heparin-platelet-factor 4 complex ) was demonstrated 2 days later . Thrombosis prophylaxis was changed to hirudin ( Refludan ) and elevation of thrombocytes to 445 000/µl was noted . Shortly after rinsing of an intravenous line with less than 50 IE unfractionated heparin at day 36 after trauma the patient developed an anaphylactic shock , which could be managed with cortisone . We suggest that in HIT the thrombocytopenia may represent only one form of an allergic reaction to heparin . The cause of the thrombembolic event is an antigen-antibody reaction to heparin taking place on the surface of the thrombocyte . This is similar in all forms of systemic reaction to heparin application , even though the symptoms may vary . As thrombocytopenia may not be the main symptom of a heparin-induced antibody reaction - in our hospital only 5 of 10 patients with HIT - the disease should rather be named " heparin allergy " . We suggest a new classification of different pattern of heparin allergy types I-IV . The new types I and II are similar to HIT types I and II . Type III is the reaction of antibodies without decrease of thrombocytes , and type IV the reaction of antibodies associated with systemic allergic symptoms . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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We report a truck driver with severe soft tissue contusion of both legs who developed atypical heparin-induced thrombocytopenia ( HIT ) after a thrombosis prophylaxis with unfractionated heparin ; despite a thrombosis the patient showed a systemic allergic reaction to heparin in combination with elevation of thrombocytes and positive heparin-dependent antibodies . Six days after the initial trauma deep vein thrombosis of the left lower leg was diagnosed and fasciotomy was performed , preventing an imminent compartment syndrome . Another 5 days later the patient developed exanthema of the trunk and upper extremities and urticaria on his face , as well as severe headache . His platelet count increased from 134 000/µl to 258 000/µl. After exclusion of other causes for these symptoms , a reaction to heparin-dependent antibodies ( heparin-platelet-factor 4 complex ) was demonstrated 2 days later . Thrombosis prophylaxis was changed to hirudin ( Refludan ) and elevation of thrombocytes to 445 000/µl was noted . Shortly after rinsing of an intravenous line with less than 50 IE unfractionated heparin at day 36 after trauma the patient developed an anaphylactic shock , which could be managed with cortisone . We suggest that in HIT the thrombocytopenia may represent only one form of an allergic reaction to heparin . The cause of the thrombembolic event is an antigen-antibody reaction to heparin taking place on the surface of the thrombocyte . This is similar in all forms of systemic reaction to heparin application , even though the symptoms may vary . As thrombocytopenia may not be the main symptom of a heparin-induced antibody reaction - in our hospital only 5 of 10 patients with HIT - the disease should rather be named " heparin allergy " . We suggest a new classification of different pattern of heparin allergy types I-IV . The new types I and II are similar to HIT types I and II . Type III is the reaction of antibodies without decrease of thrombocytes , and type IV the reaction of antibodies associated with systemic allergic symptoms .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

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DerChirurg.90700588.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: We report a truck driver with severe soft tissue contusion of both legs who developed atypical heparin-induced thrombocytopenia ( HIT ) after a thrombosis prophylaxis with unfractionated heparin ; despite a thrombosis the patient showed a systemic allergic reaction to heparin in combination with elevation of thrombocytes and positive heparin-dependent antibodies . Six days after the initial trauma deep vein thrombosis of the left lower leg was diagnosed and fasciotomy was performed , preventing an imminent compartment syndrome . Another 5 days later the patient developed exanthema of the trunk and upper extremities and urticaria on his face , as well as severe headache . His platelet count increased from 134 000/µl to 258 000/µl. After exclusion of other causes for these symptoms , a reaction to heparin-dependent antibodies ( heparin-platelet-factor 4 complex ) was demonstrated 2 days later . Thrombosis prophylaxis was changed to hirudin ( Refludan ) and elevation of thrombocytes to 445 000/µl was noted . Shortly after rinsing of an intravenous line with less than 50 IE unfractionated heparin at day 36 after trauma the patient developed an anaphylactic shock , which could be managed with cortisone . We suggest that in HIT the thrombocytopenia may represent only one form of an allergic reaction to heparin . The cause of the thrombembolic event is an antigen-antibody reaction to heparin taking place on the surface of the thrombocyte . This is similar in all forms of systemic reaction to heparin application , even though the symptoms may vary . As thrombocytopenia may not be the main symptom of a heparin-induced antibody reaction - in our hospital only 5 of 10 patients with HIT - the disease should rather be named " heparin allergy " . We suggest a new classification of different pattern of heparin allergy types I-IV . The new types I and II are similar to HIT types I and II . Type III is the reaction of antibodies without decrease of thrombocytes , and type IV the reaction of antibodies associated with systemic allergic symptoms . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: tissue, contusion, legs, thrombocytopenia, thrombosis, prophylaxis, heparin, thrombosis, patient, allergic reaction, heparin, thrombocytes, heparin - dependent, antibodies, trauma, deep vein thrombosis, leg, compartment syndrome, patient, exanthema, upper extremities, urticaria, face, headache, platelet count, causes, symptoms, heparin - dependent, antibodies, heparin - platelet - factor, Thrombosis, prophylaxis, hirudin, thrombocytes, line, heparin, trauma, patient, anaphylactic shock, cortisone, thrombocytopenia, form, allergic reaction, heparin, cause, antigen - antibody reaction, heparin, thrombocyte, forms, heparin, symptoms, thrombocytopenia, symptom, antibody, hospital, patients, disease, heparin, allergy, classification, heparin, allergy, antibodies, thrombocytes, antibodies, symptoms Options: umlsterm

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We report a truck driver with severe soft tissue contusion of both legs who developed atypical heparin-induced thrombocytopenia ( HIT ) after a thrombosis prophylaxis with unfractionated heparin ; despite a thrombosis the patient showed a systemic allergic reaction to heparin in combination with elevation of thrombocytes and positive heparin-dependent antibodies . Six days after the initial trauma deep vein thrombosis of the left lower leg was diagnosed and fasciotomy was performed , preventing an imminent compartment syndrome . Another 5 days later the patient developed exanthema of the trunk and upper extremities and urticaria on his face , as well as severe headache . His platelet count increased from 134 000/µl to 258 000/µl. After exclusion of other causes for these symptoms , a reaction to heparin-dependent antibodies ( heparin-platelet-factor 4 complex ) was demonstrated 2 days later . Thrombosis prophylaxis was changed to hirudin ( Refludan ) and elevation of thrombocytes to 445 000/µl was noted . Shortly after rinsing of an intravenous line with less than 50 IE unfractionated heparin at day 36 after trauma the patient developed an anaphylactic shock , which could be managed with cortisone . We suggest that in HIT the thrombocytopenia may represent only one form of an allergic reaction to heparin . The cause of the thrombembolic event is an antigen-antibody reaction to heparin taking place on the surface of the thrombocyte . This is similar in all forms of systemic reaction to heparin application , even though the symptoms may vary . As thrombocytopenia may not be the main symptom of a heparin-induced antibody reaction - in our hospital only 5 of 10 patients with HIT - the disease should rather be named " heparin allergy " . We suggest a new classification of different pattern of heparin allergy types I-IV . The new types I and II are similar to HIT types I and II . Type III is the reaction of antibodies without decrease of thrombocytes , and type IV the reaction of antibodies associated with systemic allergic symptoms .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

tissue, contusion, legs, thrombocytopenia, thrombosis, prophylaxis, heparin, thrombosis, patient, allergic reaction, heparin, thrombocytes, heparin - dependent, antibodies, trauma, deep vein thrombosis, leg, compartment syndrome, patient, exanthema, upper extremities, urticaria, face, headache, platelet count, causes, symptoms, heparin - dependent, antibodies, heparin - platelet - factor, Thrombosis, prophylaxis, hirudin, thrombocytes, line, heparin, trauma, patient, anaphylactic shock, cortisone, thrombocytopenia, form, allergic reaction, heparin, cause, antigen - antibody reaction, heparin, thrombocyte, forms, heparin, symptoms, thrombocytopenia, symptom, antibody, hospital, patients, disease, heparin, allergy, classification, heparin, allergy, antibodies, thrombocytes, antibodies, symptoms

DerChirurg.90700588.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: We report a truck driver with severe soft tissue contusion of both legs who developed atypical heparin-induced thrombocytopenia ( HIT ) after a thrombosis prophylaxis with unfractionated heparin ; despite a thrombosis the patient showed a systemic allergic reaction to heparin in combination with elevation of thrombocytes and positive heparin-dependent antibodies . Six days after the initial trauma deep vein thrombosis of the left lower leg was diagnosed and fasciotomy was performed , preventing an imminent compartment syndrome . Another 5 days later the patient developed exanthema of the trunk and upper extremities and urticaria on his face , as well as severe headache . His platelet count increased from 134 000/µl to 258 000/µl. After exclusion of other causes for these symptoms , a reaction to heparin-dependent antibodies ( heparin-platelet-factor 4 complex ) was demonstrated 2 days later . Thrombosis prophylaxis was changed to hirudin ( Refludan ) and elevation of thrombocytes to 445 000/µl was noted . Shortly after rinsing of an intravenous line with less than 50 IE unfractionated heparin at day 36 after trauma the patient developed an anaphylactic shock , which could be managed with cortisone . We suggest that in HIT the thrombocytopenia may represent only one form of an allergic reaction to heparin . The cause of the thrombembolic event is an antigen-antibody reaction to heparin taking place on the surface of the thrombocyte . This is similar in all forms of systemic reaction to heparin application , even though the symptoms may vary . As thrombocytopenia may not be the main symptom of a heparin-induced antibody reaction - in our hospital only 5 of 10 patients with HIT - the disease should rather be named " heparin allergy " . We suggest a new classification of different pattern of heparin allergy types I-IV . The new types I and II are similar to HIT types I and II . Type III is the reaction of antibodies without decrease of thrombocytes , and type IV the reaction of antibodies associated with systemic allergic symptoms . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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We report a truck driver with severe soft tissue contusion of both legs who developed atypical heparin-induced thrombocytopenia ( HIT ) after a thrombosis prophylaxis with unfractionated heparin ; despite a thrombosis the patient showed a systemic allergic reaction to heparin in combination with elevation of thrombocytes and positive heparin-dependent antibodies . Six days after the initial trauma deep vein thrombosis of the left lower leg was diagnosed and fasciotomy was performed , preventing an imminent compartment syndrome . Another 5 days later the patient developed exanthema of the trunk and upper extremities and urticaria on his face , as well as severe headache . His platelet count increased from 134 000/µl to 258 000/µl. After exclusion of other causes for these symptoms , a reaction to heparin-dependent antibodies ( heparin-platelet-factor 4 complex ) was demonstrated 2 days later . Thrombosis prophylaxis was changed to hirudin ( Refludan ) and elevation of thrombocytes to 445 000/µl was noted . Shortly after rinsing of an intravenous line with less than 50 IE unfractionated heparin at day 36 after trauma the patient developed an anaphylactic shock , which could be managed with cortisone . We suggest that in HIT the thrombocytopenia may represent only one form of an allergic reaction to heparin . The cause of the thrombembolic event is an antigen-antibody reaction to heparin taking place on the surface of the thrombocyte . This is similar in all forms of systemic reaction to heparin application , even though the symptoms may vary . As thrombocytopenia may not be the main symptom of a heparin-induced antibody reaction - in our hospital only 5 of 10 patients with HIT - the disease should rather be named " heparin allergy " . We suggest a new classification of different pattern of heparin allergy types I-IV . The new types I and II are similar to HIT types I and II . Type III is the reaction of antibodies without decrease of thrombocytes , and type IV the reaction of antibodies associated with systemic allergic symptoms .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

kuenstliche Herz is an umlsterm, Herztransplantation is an umlsterm, Herzversagen is an umlsterm, Myokarditis is an umlsterm

Psychotherapeut.90440116.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Das kuenstliche Herz " " wird neben dem bridging bis zur geplanten Herztransplantation zunehmend auch zur voruebergehenden Unterstuetzung bei akutem Herzversagen durch Myokarditis eingesetzt . Am Beispiel einer 30jaehrigen Patientin , die 17 Tage auf Intensivstation an den sog . ventricular assist device . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Das kuenstliche Herz " " wird neben dem bridging bis zur geplanten Herztransplantation zunehmend auch zur voruebergehenden Unterstuetzung bei akutem Herzversagen durch Myokarditis eingesetzt . Am Beispiel einer 30jaehrigen Patientin , die 17 Tage auf Intensivstation an den sog . ventricular assist device .

[ "Das", "kuenstliche", "Herz", "\"", "\"", "wird", "neben", "dem", "bridging", "bis", "zur", "geplanten", "Herztransplantation", "zunehmend", "auch", "zur", "voruebergehenden", "Unterstuetzung", "bei", "akutem", "Herzversagen", "durch", "Myokarditis", "eingesetzt", ".", "Am", "Beispiel", "einer", "30jaehrigen", "Patientin", ",", "die", "17", "Tage", "auf", "Intensivstation", "an", "den", "sog", ".", "ventricular", "assist", "device", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

kuenstliche Herz is an umlsterm, Herztransplantation is an umlsterm, Herzversagen is an umlsterm, Myokarditis is an umlsterm

Psychotherapeut.90440116.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Das kuenstliche Herz " " wird neben dem bridging bis zur geplanten Herztransplantation zunehmend auch zur voruebergehenden Unterstuetzung bei akutem Herzversagen durch Myokarditis eingesetzt . Am Beispiel einer 30jaehrigen Patientin , die 17 Tage auf Intensivstation an den sog . ventricular assist device . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: kuenstliche Herz, Herztransplantation, Herzversagen, Myokarditis Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Das kuenstliche Herz " " wird neben dem bridging bis zur geplanten Herztransplantation zunehmend auch zur voruebergehenden Unterstuetzung bei akutem Herzversagen durch Myokarditis eingesetzt . Am Beispiel einer 30jaehrigen Patientin , die 17 Tage auf Intensivstation an den sog . ventricular assist device .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

kuenstliche Herz, Herztransplantation, Herzversagen, Myokarditis

Psychotherapeut.90440116.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Das kuenstliche Herz " " wird neben dem bridging bis zur geplanten Herztransplantation zunehmend auch zur voruebergehenden Unterstuetzung bei akutem Herzversagen durch Myokarditis eingesetzt . Am Beispiel einer 30jaehrigen Patientin , die 17 Tage auf Intensivstation an den sog . ventricular assist device . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Das kuenstliche Herz " " wird neben dem bridging bis zur geplanten Herztransplantation zunehmend auch zur voruebergehenden Unterstuetzung bei akutem Herzversagen durch Myokarditis eingesetzt . Am Beispiel einer 30jaehrigen Patientin , die 17 Tage auf Intensivstation an den sog . ventricular assist device .

[ "Das", "kuenstliche", "Herz", "\"", "\"", "wird", "neben", "dem", "bridging", "bis", "zur", "geplanten", "Herztransplantation", "zunehmend", "auch", "zur", "voruebergehenden", "Unterstuetzung", "bei", "akutem", "Herzversagen", "durch", "Myokarditis", "eingesetzt", ".", "Am", "Beispiel", "einer", "30jaehrigen", "Patientin", ",", "die", "17", "Tage", "auf", "Intensivstation", "an", "den", "sog", ".", "ventricular", "assist", "device", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

NMDA is a CHEMICAL, pregnenolone sulphate is a CHEMICAL, NMDA receptors is a GENE-N, sulphated steroids is a CHEMICAL

11861317_task0

Sentence: Inhibition of the NMDA response by pregnenolone sulphate reveals subtype selective modulation of NMDA receptors by sulphated steroids. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O" ]

Inhibition of the NMDA response by pregnenolone sulphate reveals subtype selective modulation of NMDA receptors by sulphated steroids.

[ "Inhibition", "of", "the", "NMDA", "response", "by", "pregnenolone", "sulphate", "reveals", "subtype", "selective", "modulation", "of", "NMDA", "receptors", "by", "sulphated", "steroids", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]

NMDA is a CHEMICAL, pregnenolone sulphate is a CHEMICAL, NMDA receptors is a GENE-N, sulphated steroids is a CHEMICAL

11861317_task1

Sentence: Inhibition of the NMDA response by pregnenolone sulphate reveals subtype selective modulation of NMDA receptors by sulphated steroids. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: NMDA, pregnenolone sulphate, NMDA receptors, sulphated steroids Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O" ]

Inhibition of the NMDA response by pregnenolone sulphate reveals subtype selective modulation of NMDA receptors by sulphated steroids.

[ "Inhibition", "of", "the", "NMDA", "response", "by", "pregnenolone", "sulphate", "reveals", "subtype", "selective", "modulation", "of", "NMDA", "receptors", "by", "sulphated", "steroids", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]

NMDA, pregnenolone sulphate, NMDA receptors, sulphated steroids

11861317_task2

Sentence: Inhibition of the NMDA response by pregnenolone sulphate reveals subtype selective modulation of NMDA receptors by sulphated steroids. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O" ]

Inhibition of the NMDA response by pregnenolone sulphate reveals subtype selective modulation of NMDA receptors by sulphated steroids.

[ "Inhibition", "of", "the", "NMDA", "response", "by", "pregnenolone", "sulphate", "reveals", "subtype", "selective", "modulation", "of", "NMDA", "receptors", "by", "sulphated", "steroids", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]

Syndrome is an umlsterm, Rolle is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Makrophagen is an umlsterm, T - Lymphozyten is an umlsterm, Ruptur is an umlsterm, Entzuendung is an umlsterm, Beobachtungen is an umlsterm, Neutrophile is an umlsterm, Lymphozyten is an umlsterm, Monozyten is an umlsterm, Konzentrationen is an umlsterm, Interleukin is an umlsterm, Akutphaseproteinen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Myokardinfarkt is an umlsterm, Protein is an umlsterm, Risiko is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Mortalitaet is an umlsterm, Myokardinfarkt is an umlsterm, Personen is an umlsterm, Entzuendung is an umlsterm, Endothelaktivierung is an umlsterm, Infarkt is an umlsterm, Entzuendung is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Koronarsyndromen is an umlsterm

Herz.00250108.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Das Auftreten von entzuendlichen Infiltraten in instabilen Koronarplaques deutet darauf hin , dass Entzuendungsvorgaenge bei der Pathogenese dieser Syndrome eine Rolle spielen . Bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina befinden sich in atherosklerotischen Plaques der Koronarien Makrophagen und in geringerem Umfang auch T-Lymphozyten im unmittelbaren Umfeld einer Plaqueruptur oder einer oberflaechlichen Erosion . Weiterhin kommt es nach einer Ruptur zur Aktivierung von Entzuendungsquellen , die auf eine bestehende Entzuendung am Ort der Plaqueruptur hinweisen . Diese Beobachtungen werden durch klinische Studien bestaetigt , die aktivierte zirkulierende Neutrophile , Lymphozyten , Monozyten und erhoehte Konzentrationen von proinflammatorischen Zytokinen wie Interleukin ( IL 1 und 6 und Akutphaseproteinen ) bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina und Myokardinfarkt beschrieben . Vor allem gehen erhoehte Spiegel von C-reaktivem Protein mit einem gesteigerten Risiko von Hospitalisierung sowie der Ein- und Zwei-Jahres-Inzidenz von Koronarereignissen bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina einher . Weiterhin ist das Langzeitrisiko von Mortalitaet und Myokardinfarkt bei als gesund eingestuften Personen erhoeht . Es gibt daher zunehmend mehr Hinweise , dass eine Entzuendung eine lokale Endothelaktivierung ausloesen kann und moeglicherweise zu einer Plaqueruptur und damit zu instabiler Angina und Infarkt fuehren kann . Obwohl die Ursachen einer Entzuendung und ihrer Lokalisation noch nicht bekannt sind , koennten diese Untersuchungen zu einem neuen Ansatz bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit Koronarsyndromen fuehren . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Das Auftreten von entzuendlichen Infiltraten in instabilen Koronarplaques deutet darauf hin , dass Entzuendungsvorgaenge bei der Pathogenese dieser Syndrome eine Rolle spielen . Bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina befinden sich in atherosklerotischen Plaques der Koronarien Makrophagen und in geringerem Umfang auch T-Lymphozyten im unmittelbaren Umfeld einer Plaqueruptur oder einer oberflaechlichen Erosion . Weiterhin kommt es nach einer Ruptur zur Aktivierung von Entzuendungsquellen , die auf eine bestehende Entzuendung am Ort der Plaqueruptur hinweisen . Diese Beobachtungen werden durch klinische Studien bestaetigt , die aktivierte zirkulierende Neutrophile , Lymphozyten , Monozyten und erhoehte Konzentrationen von proinflammatorischen Zytokinen wie Interleukin ( IL 1 und 6 und Akutphaseproteinen ) bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina und Myokardinfarkt beschrieben . Vor allem gehen erhoehte Spiegel von C-reaktivem Protein mit einem gesteigerten Risiko von Hospitalisierung sowie der Ein- und Zwei-Jahres-Inzidenz von Koronarereignissen bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina einher . Weiterhin ist das Langzeitrisiko von Mortalitaet und Myokardinfarkt bei als gesund eingestuften Personen erhoeht . Es gibt daher zunehmend mehr Hinweise , dass eine Entzuendung eine lokale Endothelaktivierung ausloesen kann und moeglicherweise zu einer Plaqueruptur und damit zu instabiler Angina und Infarkt fuehren kann . Obwohl die Ursachen einer Entzuendung und ihrer Lokalisation noch nicht bekannt sind , koennten diese Untersuchungen zu einem neuen Ansatz bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit Koronarsyndromen fuehren .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Syndrome is an umlsterm, Rolle is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Makrophagen is an umlsterm, T - Lymphozyten is an umlsterm, Ruptur is an umlsterm, Entzuendung is an umlsterm, Beobachtungen is an umlsterm, Neutrophile is an umlsterm, Lymphozyten is an umlsterm, Monozyten is an umlsterm, Konzentrationen is an umlsterm, Interleukin is an umlsterm, Akutphaseproteinen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Myokardinfarkt is an umlsterm, Protein is an umlsterm, Risiko is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Mortalitaet is an umlsterm, Myokardinfarkt is an umlsterm, Personen is an umlsterm, Entzuendung is an umlsterm, Endothelaktivierung is an umlsterm, Infarkt is an umlsterm, Entzuendung is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Koronarsyndromen is an umlsterm

Herz.00250108.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Das Auftreten von entzuendlichen Infiltraten in instabilen Koronarplaques deutet darauf hin , dass Entzuendungsvorgaenge bei der Pathogenese dieser Syndrome eine Rolle spielen . Bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina befinden sich in atherosklerotischen Plaques der Koronarien Makrophagen und in geringerem Umfang auch T-Lymphozyten im unmittelbaren Umfeld einer Plaqueruptur oder einer oberflaechlichen Erosion . Weiterhin kommt es nach einer Ruptur zur Aktivierung von Entzuendungsquellen , die auf eine bestehende Entzuendung am Ort der Plaqueruptur hinweisen . Diese Beobachtungen werden durch klinische Studien bestaetigt , die aktivierte zirkulierende Neutrophile , Lymphozyten , Monozyten und erhoehte Konzentrationen von proinflammatorischen Zytokinen wie Interleukin ( IL 1 und 6 und Akutphaseproteinen ) bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina und Myokardinfarkt beschrieben . Vor allem gehen erhoehte Spiegel von C-reaktivem Protein mit einem gesteigerten Risiko von Hospitalisierung sowie der Ein- und Zwei-Jahres-Inzidenz von Koronarereignissen bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina einher . Weiterhin ist das Langzeitrisiko von Mortalitaet und Myokardinfarkt bei als gesund eingestuften Personen erhoeht . Es gibt daher zunehmend mehr Hinweise , dass eine Entzuendung eine lokale Endothelaktivierung ausloesen kann und moeglicherweise zu einer Plaqueruptur und damit zu instabiler Angina und Infarkt fuehren kann . Obwohl die Ursachen einer Entzuendung und ihrer Lokalisation noch nicht bekannt sind , koennten diese Untersuchungen zu einem neuen Ansatz bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit Koronarsyndromen fuehren . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Syndrome, Rolle, Patienten, Makrophagen, T - Lymphozyten, Ruptur, Entzuendung, Beobachtungen, Neutrophile, Lymphozyten, Monozyten, Konzentrationen, Interleukin, Akutphaseproteinen, Patienten, Myokardinfarkt, Protein, Risiko, Patienten, Mortalitaet, Myokardinfarkt, Personen, Entzuendung, Endothelaktivierung, Infarkt, Entzuendung, Behandlung, Patienten, Koronarsyndromen Options: umlsterm

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Das Auftreten von entzuendlichen Infiltraten in instabilen Koronarplaques deutet darauf hin , dass Entzuendungsvorgaenge bei der Pathogenese dieser Syndrome eine Rolle spielen . Bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina befinden sich in atherosklerotischen Plaques der Koronarien Makrophagen und in geringerem Umfang auch T-Lymphozyten im unmittelbaren Umfeld einer Plaqueruptur oder einer oberflaechlichen Erosion . Weiterhin kommt es nach einer Ruptur zur Aktivierung von Entzuendungsquellen , die auf eine bestehende Entzuendung am Ort der Plaqueruptur hinweisen . Diese Beobachtungen werden durch klinische Studien bestaetigt , die aktivierte zirkulierende Neutrophile , Lymphozyten , Monozyten und erhoehte Konzentrationen von proinflammatorischen Zytokinen wie Interleukin ( IL 1 und 6 und Akutphaseproteinen ) bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina und Myokardinfarkt beschrieben . Vor allem gehen erhoehte Spiegel von C-reaktivem Protein mit einem gesteigerten Risiko von Hospitalisierung sowie der Ein- und Zwei-Jahres-Inzidenz von Koronarereignissen bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina einher . Weiterhin ist das Langzeitrisiko von Mortalitaet und Myokardinfarkt bei als gesund eingestuften Personen erhoeht . Es gibt daher zunehmend mehr Hinweise , dass eine Entzuendung eine lokale Endothelaktivierung ausloesen kann und moeglicherweise zu einer Plaqueruptur und damit zu instabiler Angina und Infarkt fuehren kann . Obwohl die Ursachen einer Entzuendung und ihrer Lokalisation noch nicht bekannt sind , koennten diese Untersuchungen zu einem neuen Ansatz bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit Koronarsyndromen fuehren .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

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Herz.00250108.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Das Auftreten von entzuendlichen Infiltraten in instabilen Koronarplaques deutet darauf hin , dass Entzuendungsvorgaenge bei der Pathogenese dieser Syndrome eine Rolle spielen . Bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina befinden sich in atherosklerotischen Plaques der Koronarien Makrophagen und in geringerem Umfang auch T-Lymphozyten im unmittelbaren Umfeld einer Plaqueruptur oder einer oberflaechlichen Erosion . Weiterhin kommt es nach einer Ruptur zur Aktivierung von Entzuendungsquellen , die auf eine bestehende Entzuendung am Ort der Plaqueruptur hinweisen . Diese Beobachtungen werden durch klinische Studien bestaetigt , die aktivierte zirkulierende Neutrophile , Lymphozyten , Monozyten und erhoehte Konzentrationen von proinflammatorischen Zytokinen wie Interleukin ( IL 1 und 6 und Akutphaseproteinen ) bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina und Myokardinfarkt beschrieben . Vor allem gehen erhoehte Spiegel von C-reaktivem Protein mit einem gesteigerten Risiko von Hospitalisierung sowie der Ein- und Zwei-Jahres-Inzidenz von Koronarereignissen bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina einher . Weiterhin ist das Langzeitrisiko von Mortalitaet und Myokardinfarkt bei als gesund eingestuften Personen erhoeht . Es gibt daher zunehmend mehr Hinweise , dass eine Entzuendung eine lokale Endothelaktivierung ausloesen kann und moeglicherweise zu einer Plaqueruptur und damit zu instabiler Angina und Infarkt fuehren kann . Obwohl die Ursachen einer Entzuendung und ihrer Lokalisation noch nicht bekannt sind , koennten diese Untersuchungen zu einem neuen Ansatz bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit Koronarsyndromen fuehren . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Das Auftreten von entzuendlichen Infiltraten in instabilen Koronarplaques deutet darauf hin , dass Entzuendungsvorgaenge bei der Pathogenese dieser Syndrome eine Rolle spielen . Bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina befinden sich in atherosklerotischen Plaques der Koronarien Makrophagen und in geringerem Umfang auch T-Lymphozyten im unmittelbaren Umfeld einer Plaqueruptur oder einer oberflaechlichen Erosion . Weiterhin kommt es nach einer Ruptur zur Aktivierung von Entzuendungsquellen , die auf eine bestehende Entzuendung am Ort der Plaqueruptur hinweisen . Diese Beobachtungen werden durch klinische Studien bestaetigt , die aktivierte zirkulierende Neutrophile , Lymphozyten , Monozyten und erhoehte Konzentrationen von proinflammatorischen Zytokinen wie Interleukin ( IL 1 und 6 und Akutphaseproteinen ) bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina und Myokardinfarkt beschrieben . Vor allem gehen erhoehte Spiegel von C-reaktivem Protein mit einem gesteigerten Risiko von Hospitalisierung sowie der Ein- und Zwei-Jahres-Inzidenz von Koronarereignissen bei Patienten mit instabiler Angina einher . Weiterhin ist das Langzeitrisiko von Mortalitaet und Myokardinfarkt bei als gesund eingestuften Personen erhoeht . Es gibt daher zunehmend mehr Hinweise , dass eine Entzuendung eine lokale Endothelaktivierung ausloesen kann und moeglicherweise zu einer Plaqueruptur und damit zu instabiler Angina und Infarkt fuehren kann . Obwohl die Ursachen einer Entzuendung und ihrer Lokalisation noch nicht bekannt sind , koennten diese Untersuchungen zu einem neuen Ansatz bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit Koronarsyndromen fuehren .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

patients is an umlsterm, infections is an umlsterm, bone is an umlsterm, tissues is an umlsterm, osteomyelitis is an umlsterm, wounds is an umlsterm, Polyvinylalcohol is an umlsterm, drainage is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, surgical is an umlsterm, debridement is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, film is an umlsterm, vacuum is an umlsterm, vacuum is an umlsterm, sponge is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, times is an umlsterm, vacuum is an umlsterm, line is an umlsterm, antiseptic is an umlsterm, antibiotic is an umlsterm, solution is an umlsterm, vacuum is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, drug instillation is an umlsterm, wound is an umlsterm, secondary is an umlsterm, skin grafting is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, infection is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, osteomyelitis is an umlsterm

DerUnfallchirurg.81010649.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Between 1.4.96 and 1.3.97 27 patients with acute infections of bone and soft tissues ( n = 13 ) , chronic osteomyelitis ( n = 8 ) , and chronic wounds ( n = 6 ) were treated by using Instillation-Vacuum-Sealing . Polyvinylalcohol sponges with drainage tubes were used to cover the internal or external wound surfaces which resulted from surgical debridement . Having hermetically covered the wound with a transparent film dressing a vacuum source generated a partial vacuum in the sponge which was modified according to the type of wound between 20 and 80 kPa . Several times daily , the vacuum line was blocked and , in an alternating fashion , antiseptic or antibiotic solution instilled for 30 minutes . Then , the vacuum was reestablished and the fluids drained from the wound . Seven days later , intermittent drug instillation was stopped and there was either immediate or delayed wound closure by secondary suturing ( n = 22 ) , skin grafting ( n = 3 ) or spontaneous epithelialization ( n = 2 ) . During a follow-up from the beginning of the instillation treatment of 4,2 ( 3-14 ) months there was one recurrency of infection in a patient with chronic osteomyelitis . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Between 1.4.96 and 1.3.97 27 patients with acute infections of bone and soft tissues ( n = 13 ) , chronic osteomyelitis ( n = 8 ) , and chronic wounds ( n = 6 ) were treated by using Instillation-Vacuum-Sealing . Polyvinylalcohol sponges with drainage tubes were used to cover the internal or external wound surfaces which resulted from surgical debridement . Having hermetically covered the wound with a transparent film dressing a vacuum source generated a partial vacuum in the sponge which was modified according to the type of wound between 20 and 80 kPa . Several times daily , the vacuum line was blocked and , in an alternating fashion , antiseptic or antibiotic solution instilled for 30 minutes . Then , the vacuum was reestablished and the fluids drained from the wound . Seven days later , intermittent drug instillation was stopped and there was either immediate or delayed wound closure by secondary suturing ( n = 22 ) , skin grafting ( n = 3 ) or spontaneous epithelialization ( n = 2 ) . During a follow-up from the beginning of the instillation treatment of 4,2 ( 3-14 ) months there was one recurrency of infection in a patient with chronic osteomyelitis .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

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DerUnfallchirurg.81010649.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Between 1.4.96 and 1.3.97 27 patients with acute infections of bone and soft tissues ( n = 13 ) , chronic osteomyelitis ( n = 8 ) , and chronic wounds ( n = 6 ) were treated by using Instillation-Vacuum-Sealing . Polyvinylalcohol sponges with drainage tubes were used to cover the internal or external wound surfaces which resulted from surgical debridement . Having hermetically covered the wound with a transparent film dressing a vacuum source generated a partial vacuum in the sponge which was modified according to the type of wound between 20 and 80 kPa . Several times daily , the vacuum line was blocked and , in an alternating fashion , antiseptic or antibiotic solution instilled for 30 minutes . Then , the vacuum was reestablished and the fluids drained from the wound . Seven days later , intermittent drug instillation was stopped and there was either immediate or delayed wound closure by secondary suturing ( n = 22 ) , skin grafting ( n = 3 ) or spontaneous epithelialization ( n = 2 ) . During a follow-up from the beginning of the instillation treatment of 4,2 ( 3-14 ) months there was one recurrency of infection in a patient with chronic osteomyelitis . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: patients, infections, bone, tissues, osteomyelitis, wounds, Polyvinylalcohol, drainage, wound, surgical, debridement, wound, film, vacuum, vacuum, sponge, wound, times, vacuum, line, antiseptic, antibiotic, solution, vacuum, wound, drug instillation, wound, secondary, skin grafting, treatment, infection, patient, osteomyelitis Options: umlsterm

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Between 1.4.96 and 1.3.97 27 patients with acute infections of bone and soft tissues ( n = 13 ) , chronic osteomyelitis ( n = 8 ) , and chronic wounds ( n = 6 ) were treated by using Instillation-Vacuum-Sealing . Polyvinylalcohol sponges with drainage tubes were used to cover the internal or external wound surfaces which resulted from surgical debridement . Having hermetically covered the wound with a transparent film dressing a vacuum source generated a partial vacuum in the sponge which was modified according to the type of wound between 20 and 80 kPa . Several times daily , the vacuum line was blocked and , in an alternating fashion , antiseptic or antibiotic solution instilled for 30 minutes . Then , the vacuum was reestablished and the fluids drained from the wound . Seven days later , intermittent drug instillation was stopped and there was either immediate or delayed wound closure by secondary suturing ( n = 22 ) , skin grafting ( n = 3 ) or spontaneous epithelialization ( n = 2 ) . During a follow-up from the beginning of the instillation treatment of 4,2 ( 3-14 ) months there was one recurrency of infection in a patient with chronic osteomyelitis .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

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DerUnfallchirurg.81010649.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Between 1.4.96 and 1.3.97 27 patients with acute infections of bone and soft tissues ( n = 13 ) , chronic osteomyelitis ( n = 8 ) , and chronic wounds ( n = 6 ) were treated by using Instillation-Vacuum-Sealing . Polyvinylalcohol sponges with drainage tubes were used to cover the internal or external wound surfaces which resulted from surgical debridement . Having hermetically covered the wound with a transparent film dressing a vacuum source generated a partial vacuum in the sponge which was modified according to the type of wound between 20 and 80 kPa . Several times daily , the vacuum line was blocked and , in an alternating fashion , antiseptic or antibiotic solution instilled for 30 minutes . Then , the vacuum was reestablished and the fluids drained from the wound . Seven days later , intermittent drug instillation was stopped and there was either immediate or delayed wound closure by secondary suturing ( n = 22 ) , skin grafting ( n = 3 ) or spontaneous epithelialization ( n = 2 ) . During a follow-up from the beginning of the instillation treatment of 4,2 ( 3-14 ) months there was one recurrency of infection in a patient with chronic osteomyelitis . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Between 1.4.96 and 1.3.97 27 patients with acute infections of bone and soft tissues ( n = 13 ) , chronic osteomyelitis ( n = 8 ) , and chronic wounds ( n = 6 ) were treated by using Instillation-Vacuum-Sealing . Polyvinylalcohol sponges with drainage tubes were used to cover the internal or external wound surfaces which resulted from surgical debridement . Having hermetically covered the wound with a transparent film dressing a vacuum source generated a partial vacuum in the sponge which was modified according to the type of wound between 20 and 80 kPa . Several times daily , the vacuum line was blocked and , in an alternating fashion , antiseptic or antibiotic solution instilled for 30 minutes . Then , the vacuum was reestablished and the fluids drained from the wound . Seven days later , intermittent drug instillation was stopped and there was either immediate or delayed wound closure by secondary suturing ( n = 22 ) , skin grafting ( n = 3 ) or spontaneous epithelialization ( n = 2 ) . During a follow-up from the beginning of the instillation treatment of 4,2 ( 3-14 ) months there was one recurrency of infection in a patient with chronic osteomyelitis .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Glykoproteine is an umlsterm, Kohlenhydraten is an umlsterm, Peptidsequenzen is an umlsterm, antigener Determinanten is an umlsterm, Verwendung is an umlsterm, Antikoerpern is an umlsterm, Lektinen is an umlsterm, Immunhistochemie is an umlsterm, Antigenprofile is an umlsterm, Zellen is an umlsterm, Geweben is an umlsterm, Antigene is an umlsterm, Rolle is an umlsterm, Tumorbiologie is an umlsterm, Prognosemarker is an umlsterm, Arbeit is an umlsterm, Muzinantigene is an umlsterm, klinischen Pathologie is an umlsterm

DerPathologe.50160094.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Muzine sind stark glykosylierte Glykoproteine , die eine Vielzahl aus Kohlenhydraten und/oder Peptidsequenzen bestehender antigener Determinanten aufweisen . Die Verwendung von monoklonalen Antikoerpern und Lektinen in der Immunhistochemie erbrachte umfangreiche Erkenntnisse ueber deren Topographie im Rahmen der Histogenese . Zudem konnten typische Veraenderungen der Antigenprofile waehrend der neoplastischen Transformation von Zellen und Geweben beschrieben werden . Eine Reihe neuerer Ergebnisse deutet ferner darauf hin , dass muzinassoziierte Antigene eine bedeutende Rolle in der Tumorbiologie , beispielsweise bei der Metastasierung und als Prognosemarker spielen . Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt unter Einschluss eigener Befunde eine Uebersicht ueber die gastrointestinalen Muzinantigene in der experimentellen und klinischen Pathologie . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Muzine sind stark glykosylierte Glykoproteine , die eine Vielzahl aus Kohlenhydraten und/oder Peptidsequenzen bestehender antigener Determinanten aufweisen . Die Verwendung von monoklonalen Antikoerpern und Lektinen in der Immunhistochemie erbrachte umfangreiche Erkenntnisse ueber deren Topographie im Rahmen der Histogenese . Zudem konnten typische Veraenderungen der Antigenprofile waehrend der neoplastischen Transformation von Zellen und Geweben beschrieben werden . Eine Reihe neuerer Ergebnisse deutet ferner darauf hin , dass muzinassoziierte Antigene eine bedeutende Rolle in der Tumorbiologie , beispielsweise bei der Metastasierung und als Prognosemarker spielen . Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt unter Einschluss eigener Befunde eine Uebersicht ueber die gastrointestinalen Muzinantigene in der experimentellen und klinischen Pathologie .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Glykoproteine is an umlsterm, Kohlenhydraten is an umlsterm, Peptidsequenzen is an umlsterm, antigener Determinanten is an umlsterm, Verwendung is an umlsterm, Antikoerpern is an umlsterm, Lektinen is an umlsterm, Immunhistochemie is an umlsterm, Antigenprofile is an umlsterm, Zellen is an umlsterm, Geweben is an umlsterm, Antigene is an umlsterm, Rolle is an umlsterm, Tumorbiologie is an umlsterm, Prognosemarker is an umlsterm, Arbeit is an umlsterm, Muzinantigene is an umlsterm, klinischen Pathologie is an umlsterm

DerPathologe.50160094.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Muzine sind stark glykosylierte Glykoproteine , die eine Vielzahl aus Kohlenhydraten und/oder Peptidsequenzen bestehender antigener Determinanten aufweisen . Die Verwendung von monoklonalen Antikoerpern und Lektinen in der Immunhistochemie erbrachte umfangreiche Erkenntnisse ueber deren Topographie im Rahmen der Histogenese . Zudem konnten typische Veraenderungen der Antigenprofile waehrend der neoplastischen Transformation von Zellen und Geweben beschrieben werden . Eine Reihe neuerer Ergebnisse deutet ferner darauf hin , dass muzinassoziierte Antigene eine bedeutende Rolle in der Tumorbiologie , beispielsweise bei der Metastasierung und als Prognosemarker spielen . Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt unter Einschluss eigener Befunde eine Uebersicht ueber die gastrointestinalen Muzinantigene in der experimentellen und klinischen Pathologie . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Glykoproteine, Kohlenhydraten, Peptidsequenzen, antigener Determinanten, Verwendung, Antikoerpern, Lektinen, Immunhistochemie, Antigenprofile, Zellen, Geweben, Antigene, Rolle, Tumorbiologie, Prognosemarker, Arbeit, Muzinantigene, klinischen Pathologie Options: umlsterm

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Muzine sind stark glykosylierte Glykoproteine , die eine Vielzahl aus Kohlenhydraten und/oder Peptidsequenzen bestehender antigener Determinanten aufweisen . Die Verwendung von monoklonalen Antikoerpern und Lektinen in der Immunhistochemie erbrachte umfangreiche Erkenntnisse ueber deren Topographie im Rahmen der Histogenese . Zudem konnten typische Veraenderungen der Antigenprofile waehrend der neoplastischen Transformation von Zellen und Geweben beschrieben werden . Eine Reihe neuerer Ergebnisse deutet ferner darauf hin , dass muzinassoziierte Antigene eine bedeutende Rolle in der Tumorbiologie , beispielsweise bei der Metastasierung und als Prognosemarker spielen . Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt unter Einschluss eigener Befunde eine Uebersicht ueber die gastrointestinalen Muzinantigene in der experimentellen und klinischen Pathologie .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Glykoproteine, Kohlenhydraten, Peptidsequenzen, antigener Determinanten, Verwendung, Antikoerpern, Lektinen, Immunhistochemie, Antigenprofile, Zellen, Geweben, Antigene, Rolle, Tumorbiologie, Prognosemarker, Arbeit, Muzinantigene, klinischen Pathologie

DerPathologe.50160094.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Muzine sind stark glykosylierte Glykoproteine , die eine Vielzahl aus Kohlenhydraten und/oder Peptidsequenzen bestehender antigener Determinanten aufweisen . Die Verwendung von monoklonalen Antikoerpern und Lektinen in der Immunhistochemie erbrachte umfangreiche Erkenntnisse ueber deren Topographie im Rahmen der Histogenese . Zudem konnten typische Veraenderungen der Antigenprofile waehrend der neoplastischen Transformation von Zellen und Geweben beschrieben werden . Eine Reihe neuerer Ergebnisse deutet ferner darauf hin , dass muzinassoziierte Antigene eine bedeutende Rolle in der Tumorbiologie , beispielsweise bei der Metastasierung und als Prognosemarker spielen . Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt unter Einschluss eigener Befunde eine Uebersicht ueber die gastrointestinalen Muzinantigene in der experimentellen und klinischen Pathologie . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Muzine sind stark glykosylierte Glykoproteine , die eine Vielzahl aus Kohlenhydraten und/oder Peptidsequenzen bestehender antigener Determinanten aufweisen . Die Verwendung von monoklonalen Antikoerpern und Lektinen in der Immunhistochemie erbrachte umfangreiche Erkenntnisse ueber deren Topographie im Rahmen der Histogenese . Zudem konnten typische Veraenderungen der Antigenprofile waehrend der neoplastischen Transformation von Zellen und Geweben beschrieben werden . Eine Reihe neuerer Ergebnisse deutet ferner darauf hin , dass muzinassoziierte Antigene eine bedeutende Rolle in der Tumorbiologie , beispielsweise bei der Metastasierung und als Prognosemarker spielen . Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt unter Einschluss eigener Befunde eine Uebersicht ueber die gastrointestinalen Muzinantigene in der experimentellen und klinischen Pathologie .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Methode is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Chirurgie is an umlsterm, Standardtherapie is an umlsterm, Methoden is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Frauen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Notfall is an umlsterm, Notfaellen is an umlsterm, Morbiditaet is an umlsterm, Notfalloperationen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Nieren- is an umlsterm, Becken- is an umlsterm, Beinarterien is an umlsterm, Kombinationseingriffen is an umlsterm, Morbiditaet is an umlsterm, Chirurgie is an umlsterm, Standard is an umlsterm

DerChirurg.00710072.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Zusammenfassung . Einleitung : Anfang der 90er Jahre kam die endovasculaere Stentimplantation als neuartige Methode zur Behandlung des abdominellen Aortenaneurysmas ( AAA ) auf . Dies bot uns Anlass , die eigenen Ergebnisse der offenen Chirurgie des AAA zu ueberpruefen , um die Frage der Standardtherapie des AAA neu zu ueberdenken . Methoden : Die medizinischen Daten von 941 konsekutiven Patienten mit AAA , die in unserer Klinik von 1990-1997 offen chirurgisch behandelt wurden ( Durchschnittsalter 67 Jahre , 6 % ueber 80 Jahre , 14,5 % Frauen , 3,2 % suprarenale AAA ) , wurden retrospektiv analysiert . 778 asymtomatische Patienten wurden elektiv , 104 symptomatische Patienten wurden dringlich und 59 symptomatische Patienten ( , davon 45 mit Perforation ) wurden als Notfall operiert . Ergebnisse : Die Letalitaet betrug bei elektiven Operationen 1,54 % , bei dringlichen Operationen 8,65 % und bei Notfaellen mit perforiertem AAA ( unverzuegliche Operation nach Aufnahme in die Klinik ) 35,6 % . Die Morbiditaet lag bei elektiven Eingriffen bei 15,9 % , bei dringlichen Operationen bei 28,8 % und bei Notfalloperationen mit perforiertem AAA bei 66,7 % . Fuer Patienten mit zusaetzlichen Eingriffen an Nieren- , Becken- und Beinarterien sowie Kombinationseingriffen in anderen Operationsgebieten war die Letalitaet im Vergleich zum Durchschnitt nicht erhoeht . Schlussfolgerung : Aufgrund der niedrigen Letalitaet und Morbiditaet stellt die offene Chirurgie auch heute den gueltigen Standard der AAA-Behandlung dar . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Zusammenfassung . Einleitung : Anfang der 90er Jahre kam die endovasculaere Stentimplantation als neuartige Methode zur Behandlung des abdominellen Aortenaneurysmas ( AAA ) auf . Dies bot uns Anlass , die eigenen Ergebnisse der offenen Chirurgie des AAA zu ueberpruefen , um die Frage der Standardtherapie des AAA neu zu ueberdenken . Methoden : Die medizinischen Daten von 941 konsekutiven Patienten mit AAA , die in unserer Klinik von 1990-1997 offen chirurgisch behandelt wurden ( Durchschnittsalter 67 Jahre , 6 % ueber 80 Jahre , 14,5 % Frauen , 3,2 % suprarenale AAA ) , wurden retrospektiv analysiert . 778 asymtomatische Patienten wurden elektiv , 104 symptomatische Patienten wurden dringlich und 59 symptomatische Patienten ( , davon 45 mit Perforation ) wurden als Notfall operiert . Ergebnisse : Die Letalitaet betrug bei elektiven Operationen 1,54 % , bei dringlichen Operationen 8,65 % und bei Notfaellen mit perforiertem AAA ( unverzuegliche Operation nach Aufnahme in die Klinik ) 35,6 % . Die Morbiditaet lag bei elektiven Eingriffen bei 15,9 % , bei dringlichen Operationen bei 28,8 % und bei Notfalloperationen mit perforiertem AAA bei 66,7 % . Fuer Patienten mit zusaetzlichen Eingriffen an Nieren- , Becken- und Beinarterien sowie Kombinationseingriffen in anderen Operationsgebieten war die Letalitaet im Vergleich zum Durchschnitt nicht erhoeht . Schlussfolgerung : Aufgrund der niedrigen Letalitaet und Morbiditaet stellt die offene Chirurgie auch heute den gueltigen Standard der AAA-Behandlung dar .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Methode is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Chirurgie is an umlsterm, Standardtherapie is an umlsterm, Methoden is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Frauen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Notfall is an umlsterm, Notfaellen is an umlsterm, Morbiditaet is an umlsterm, Notfalloperationen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Nieren- is an umlsterm, Becken- is an umlsterm, Beinarterien is an umlsterm, Kombinationseingriffen is an umlsterm, Morbiditaet is an umlsterm, Chirurgie is an umlsterm, Standard is an umlsterm

DerChirurg.00710072.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Zusammenfassung . Einleitung : Anfang der 90er Jahre kam die endovasculaere Stentimplantation als neuartige Methode zur Behandlung des abdominellen Aortenaneurysmas ( AAA ) auf . Dies bot uns Anlass , die eigenen Ergebnisse der offenen Chirurgie des AAA zu ueberpruefen , um die Frage der Standardtherapie des AAA neu zu ueberdenken . Methoden : Die medizinischen Daten von 941 konsekutiven Patienten mit AAA , die in unserer Klinik von 1990-1997 offen chirurgisch behandelt wurden ( Durchschnittsalter 67 Jahre , 6 % ueber 80 Jahre , 14,5 % Frauen , 3,2 % suprarenale AAA ) , wurden retrospektiv analysiert . 778 asymtomatische Patienten wurden elektiv , 104 symptomatische Patienten wurden dringlich und 59 symptomatische Patienten ( , davon 45 mit Perforation ) wurden als Notfall operiert . Ergebnisse : Die Letalitaet betrug bei elektiven Operationen 1,54 % , bei dringlichen Operationen 8,65 % und bei Notfaellen mit perforiertem AAA ( unverzuegliche Operation nach Aufnahme in die Klinik ) 35,6 % . Die Morbiditaet lag bei elektiven Eingriffen bei 15,9 % , bei dringlichen Operationen bei 28,8 % und bei Notfalloperationen mit perforiertem AAA bei 66,7 % . Fuer Patienten mit zusaetzlichen Eingriffen an Nieren- , Becken- und Beinarterien sowie Kombinationseingriffen in anderen Operationsgebieten war die Letalitaet im Vergleich zum Durchschnitt nicht erhoeht . Schlussfolgerung : Aufgrund der niedrigen Letalitaet und Morbiditaet stellt die offene Chirurgie auch heute den gueltigen Standard der AAA-Behandlung dar . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Methode, Behandlung, Chirurgie, Standardtherapie, Methoden, Patienten, Frauen, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Notfall, Notfaellen, Morbiditaet, Notfalloperationen, Patienten, Nieren-, Becken-, Beinarterien, Kombinationseingriffen, Morbiditaet, Chirurgie, Standard Options: umlsterm

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Zusammenfassung . Einleitung : Anfang der 90er Jahre kam die endovasculaere Stentimplantation als neuartige Methode zur Behandlung des abdominellen Aortenaneurysmas ( AAA ) auf . Dies bot uns Anlass , die eigenen Ergebnisse der offenen Chirurgie des AAA zu ueberpruefen , um die Frage der Standardtherapie des AAA neu zu ueberdenken . Methoden : Die medizinischen Daten von 941 konsekutiven Patienten mit AAA , die in unserer Klinik von 1990-1997 offen chirurgisch behandelt wurden ( Durchschnittsalter 67 Jahre , 6 % ueber 80 Jahre , 14,5 % Frauen , 3,2 % suprarenale AAA ) , wurden retrospektiv analysiert . 778 asymtomatische Patienten wurden elektiv , 104 symptomatische Patienten wurden dringlich und 59 symptomatische Patienten ( , davon 45 mit Perforation ) wurden als Notfall operiert . Ergebnisse : Die Letalitaet betrug bei elektiven Operationen 1,54 % , bei dringlichen Operationen 8,65 % und bei Notfaellen mit perforiertem AAA ( unverzuegliche Operation nach Aufnahme in die Klinik ) 35,6 % . Die Morbiditaet lag bei elektiven Eingriffen bei 15,9 % , bei dringlichen Operationen bei 28,8 % und bei Notfalloperationen mit perforiertem AAA bei 66,7 % . Fuer Patienten mit zusaetzlichen Eingriffen an Nieren- , Becken- und Beinarterien sowie Kombinationseingriffen in anderen Operationsgebieten war die Letalitaet im Vergleich zum Durchschnitt nicht erhoeht . Schlussfolgerung : Aufgrund der niedrigen Letalitaet und Morbiditaet stellt die offene Chirurgie auch heute den gueltigen Standard der AAA-Behandlung dar .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Methode, Behandlung, Chirurgie, Standardtherapie, Methoden, Patienten, Frauen, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Notfall, Notfaellen, Morbiditaet, Notfalloperationen, Patienten, Nieren-, Becken-, Beinarterien, Kombinationseingriffen, Morbiditaet, Chirurgie, Standard

DerChirurg.00710072.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Zusammenfassung . Einleitung : Anfang der 90er Jahre kam die endovasculaere Stentimplantation als neuartige Methode zur Behandlung des abdominellen Aortenaneurysmas ( AAA ) auf . Dies bot uns Anlass , die eigenen Ergebnisse der offenen Chirurgie des AAA zu ueberpruefen , um die Frage der Standardtherapie des AAA neu zu ueberdenken . Methoden : Die medizinischen Daten von 941 konsekutiven Patienten mit AAA , die in unserer Klinik von 1990-1997 offen chirurgisch behandelt wurden ( Durchschnittsalter 67 Jahre , 6 % ueber 80 Jahre , 14,5 % Frauen , 3,2 % suprarenale AAA ) , wurden retrospektiv analysiert . 778 asymtomatische Patienten wurden elektiv , 104 symptomatische Patienten wurden dringlich und 59 symptomatische Patienten ( , davon 45 mit Perforation ) wurden als Notfall operiert . Ergebnisse : Die Letalitaet betrug bei elektiven Operationen 1,54 % , bei dringlichen Operationen 8,65 % und bei Notfaellen mit perforiertem AAA ( unverzuegliche Operation nach Aufnahme in die Klinik ) 35,6 % . Die Morbiditaet lag bei elektiven Eingriffen bei 15,9 % , bei dringlichen Operationen bei 28,8 % und bei Notfalloperationen mit perforiertem AAA bei 66,7 % . Fuer Patienten mit zusaetzlichen Eingriffen an Nieren- , Becken- und Beinarterien sowie Kombinationseingriffen in anderen Operationsgebieten war die Letalitaet im Vergleich zum Durchschnitt nicht erhoeht . Schlussfolgerung : Aufgrund der niedrigen Letalitaet und Morbiditaet stellt die offene Chirurgie auch heute den gueltigen Standard der AAA-Behandlung dar . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Zusammenfassung . Einleitung : Anfang der 90er Jahre kam die endovasculaere Stentimplantation als neuartige Methode zur Behandlung des abdominellen Aortenaneurysmas ( AAA ) auf . Dies bot uns Anlass , die eigenen Ergebnisse der offenen Chirurgie des AAA zu ueberpruefen , um die Frage der Standardtherapie des AAA neu zu ueberdenken . Methoden : Die medizinischen Daten von 941 konsekutiven Patienten mit AAA , die in unserer Klinik von 1990-1997 offen chirurgisch behandelt wurden ( Durchschnittsalter 67 Jahre , 6 % ueber 80 Jahre , 14,5 % Frauen , 3,2 % suprarenale AAA ) , wurden retrospektiv analysiert . 778 asymtomatische Patienten wurden elektiv , 104 symptomatische Patienten wurden dringlich und 59 symptomatische Patienten ( , davon 45 mit Perforation ) wurden als Notfall operiert . Ergebnisse : Die Letalitaet betrug bei elektiven Operationen 1,54 % , bei dringlichen Operationen 8,65 % und bei Notfaellen mit perforiertem AAA ( unverzuegliche Operation nach Aufnahme in die Klinik ) 35,6 % . Die Morbiditaet lag bei elektiven Eingriffen bei 15,9 % , bei dringlichen Operationen bei 28,8 % und bei Notfalloperationen mit perforiertem AAA bei 66,7 % . Fuer Patienten mit zusaetzlichen Eingriffen an Nieren- , Becken- und Beinarterien sowie Kombinationseingriffen in anderen Operationsgebieten war die Letalitaet im Vergleich zum Durchschnitt nicht erhoeht . Schlussfolgerung : Aufgrund der niedrigen Letalitaet und Morbiditaet stellt die offene Chirurgie auch heute den gueltigen Standard der AAA-Behandlung dar .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

elav - like proteins is a protein-family, AU - rich sequence is a RNA, 3 ' untranslated region is a RNA, UTR is a RNA, mRNAs is a RNA, mRNAs is a RNA

1.0alpha7.train.1157_task0

Sentence: It has been shown that a family of elav-like proteins binds to an AU-rich sequence located within the 3' untranslated region ( UTR) of certain mRNAs and increases the stability of these mRNAs ( 6, 11, 12, 26, 35). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: RNA, protein-family

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It has been shown that a family of elav-like proteins binds to an AU-rich sequence located within the 3' untranslated region ( UTR) of certain mRNAs and increases the stability of these mRNAs ( 6, 11, 12, 26, 35).

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[ "RNA", "protein-family" ]

elav - like proteins is a protein-family, AU - rich sequence is a RNA, 3 ' untranslated region is a RNA, UTR is a RNA, mRNAs is a RNA, mRNAs is a RNA

1.0alpha7.train.1157_task1

Sentence: It has been shown that a family of elav-like proteins binds to an AU-rich sequence located within the 3' untranslated region ( UTR) of certain mRNAs and increases the stability of these mRNAs ( 6, 11, 12, 26, 35). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: elav - like proteins, AU - rich sequence, 3 ' untranslated region, UTR, mRNAs, mRNAs Options: RNA, protein-family

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It has been shown that a family of elav-like proteins binds to an AU-rich sequence located within the 3' untranslated region ( UTR) of certain mRNAs and increases the stability of these mRNAs ( 6, 11, 12, 26, 35).

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[ "RNA", "protein-family" ]

elav - like proteins, AU - rich sequence, 3 ' untranslated region, UTR, mRNAs, mRNAs

1.0alpha7.train.1157_task2

Sentence: It has been shown that a family of elav-like proteins binds to an AU-rich sequence located within the 3' untranslated region ( UTR) of certain mRNAs and increases the stability of these mRNAs ( 6, 11, 12, 26, 35). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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It has been shown that a family of elav-like proteins binds to an AU-rich sequence located within the 3' untranslated region ( UTR) of certain mRNAs and increases the stability of these mRNAs ( 6, 11, 12, 26, 35).

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[ "RNA", "protein-family" ]

metastásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, afectación osteolítica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoración is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, afectación ósea is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplásicas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, malignidad is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones óseas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metastásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, malignidad is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, células en anillo de sello is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoración is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, sin un tumor primario conocido is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, afectación ósea is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoral is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoral is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones óseas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA

35_task0

Sentence: Anamnesis Un varón de 54 años debuta en noviembre de 2013 con lumbalgia que no cede a pesar de analgesia de primer escalón, por lo cual es valorado por Traumatología en un centro privado. Se realiza una resonancia magnética de columna lumbar, en la que se evidencia un abombamiento posterior de L5 que disminuye el espacio aracnoideo anterior. También se realiza una gammagrafía ósea, en la que se observa una captación patológica osteoblástica extensa en todo el esqueleto axial, costillas, cráneo y ambos fémures. Ante la dificultad para deambular secundaria al empeoramiento del dolor, el paciente ingresa en nuestro centro en enero de 2014 para completar el estudio. Exploración física General: ECOG 2 por lumbalgia intensa. Palidez cutánea, alerta, eupneico, bien hidratado, bien perfundido. Cabeza y cuello: no adenopatías, no ingurgitación venosa yugular, mucosa oral sin lesiones. Auscultación cardiopulmonar: sin hallazgos relevantes. Abdomen: ruidos hidroaéreos positivos, blando y depresible, no dolor a la palpación, no se palpan masas ni organomegalias. Sistema locomotor: simetría de las cuatro extremidades, eutróficas. Dolor a la espinopresión de la columna lumbar, en especial en lumbares bajas. Pulsos conservados, no signos de TVP. Neurológico: consciente y orientado en las tres esferas, pares craneales sin alteraciones, sensibilidad sin alteraciones, fuerza conservada en las cuatro extremidades (5/5), reflejos osteotendinosos conservados, salvo leve hiporreflexia patelar derecha, marcha difícilmente explorable por dolor, no disdiadococinesia. Pruebas complementarias » Analítica sanguínea inicial. Hemograma: Hb 13,8 g/dl. Reticulocitos absolutos 124.000 (valor normal 20.000-75.000). Plaquetas 139.000. Leucocitos 10.200 (neutrófilos 7,400). Hemostasia: TP 12,5s, INR 1,13, fibrinógeno 312. Bioquímica: AST 27 UI/l, ALT 30 UI/l, bilirrubina 1,5 UI/l, GGT 24 UI/l, fosfatasa alcalina 1.752 UI/l, LDH 232 UI/l, creatinina 0,95 mg/dl, urea 26 mg/dl, sodio 142 mEq/l, potasio 4,2 mEq/l. » Marcadores tumorales: alfa-fetoproteína 6,9. CEA 37,6. CA-125 5. CA 15-3 11. CA-19-9 26. CYFRA 21-1 11,9. PSA 0,77. » Evolutivo analítico al inicio del ingreso: - Hemoglobina 13,8 -> 13,8 -> 12,7 -> 9,8 -> 10.5. - Plaquetas 139.000 -> 84.000 -> 70.000 -> 50.000 -> 46.000. - Leucocitos 10.200 -> 17.800 -> 23.000 -> 15.000 -> 18.600. » Frotis de sangre periférica: anemia con discreta anisocitosis normocítica, se ven hematíes macrocíticos, esferocitos (algunos microesferocitos) y esquistocitos aproximadamente del 2%, leucocitosis con neutrofilia, trombopenia. Diagnóstico: anemia regenerativa sugestiva de microangiopatía » Coombs directo: negativo. » TC cuerpo: se observa la lesión metastásica en L5 conocida asociada a un componente de partes blandas con impronta en el canal raquídeo y afectación de la raíz L5-S1. Se evidencia una afectación osteolítica difusa. No se observan lesiones sugerentes de tumoración primaria en el resto del cuerpo. » Resonancia magnética de la columna (realizada fuera de nuestro centro): se confirma afectación ósea difusa con componente de partes blandas a nivel de L5 que impronta en el canal raquídeo. » TC craneal: sin alteraciones de interés. » Biopsia de médula ósea: se observa una infiltración multifocal por un adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello. El perfil inmunohistoquímico sugiere un origen digestivo (positivo para citoqueratinas CEA, AE1/AE3, CK7, CK19, CK20/CDX2/CA19.9 (minoritario); negativo para CD45/CA125/TTF1). Her-2/Neu negativo. » Endoscopia digestiva alta: gastritis nodular. No se observan lesiones neoplásicas. » Colonoscopia: pólipo en el recto, que se reseca. Anatomía patológica: hiperplasia. » PET-TC: alta probabilidad de malignidad en múltiples lesiones óseas sugestivas de afectación metastásica. Asimetría de captación en el cavum izquierdo. No se observa captación sugestiva de malignidad en el resto del cuerpo. » Punción aspiración con aguja fina del tiroides: bocio multinodular. » Biopsia de cavum: no infiltración neoplásica. » Evolutivo analítico al iniciar el primer ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 9,5 -> 9,2 -> 8,8 -> 9,1. - Plaquetas 84.000 -> 62.000 -> 47.000 -> 23.000. - Leucocitos 15.600 -> 12.100 -> 7.500 -> 5.800. - Bilirrubina 4,1 -> 3,8 -> 4,1 -> 4,1. - LDH 313 -> 294 -> 491 -> 688. » Evolutivo analítico tras segundo ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 8,9 -> 10,2 -> 9,0 -> 8,8. - Plaquetas 36.000 -> 34.000 -> 54.000 -> 80.000. - Leucocitos 2300 -> 4000 -> 3800 -> 3100. - Bilirrubina 1,3 -> 1,1 -> 0,8 -> 0,9. - LDH 472 -> 476 -> 398 -> 371. Diagnóstico Metástasis óseas difusas con infiltración en la médula ósea de células en anillo de sello de probable origen digestivo. Sin tumoración primaria conocida. Anemia hemolítica microangiopática paraneoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de metástasis óseas difusas sin un tumor primario conocido, se decide en comité de tumores comenzar tratamiento con quimioterapia a pesar de factores limitantes como trombopenia grado 4 con requerimiento transfusional diario para mantener las plaquetas > 50.000. Se decide tratamiento dirigido a la sospecha de origen digestivo con esquema mFOLFOX4 con disminución del 20% de dosis inicialmente (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 600 mg/m2/día en infusión continua de 24 horas días 1 y 2), empezándose en febrero de 2014. Posteriormente, tras el segundo ciclo se continúa con esquema mFOLFOX6 (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 2.400 mg/m2/día en infusión continua durante 48 horas) por comodidad de administración ambulatoria y para disminuir el riesgo de mielotoxicidad. Se inició tratamiento con ácido zoledrónico antes de la quimioterapia. Evolución Debido a la extensa afectación ósea, el paciente presentaba dos principales complicaciones: 1) mal control del dolor por aplastamiento de L5, sin compresión medular asociada por nivel afectado; 2) anemia hemolítica microangiopática asociada a trombopenia grado 4 de carácter paraneoplásico. Desde el ingreso, el paciente presentaba una importante anemización multifactorial: anemia hemolítica microangiopática y diátesis hemorrágica secundaria a trombopenia (sangrado gastrointestinal tras resección de un pólipo rectal y sangrado tras biopsia de cavum); por lo tanto, el paciente requería soporte transfusional diario de hematíes, plaquetas y fibrinógeno, con bajo rendimiento. Se decidió iniciar tratamiento quimioterápico urgentemente a pesar de la importante citopenia y riesgo de diátesis hemorrágica debido a que esta era secundaria a infiltración tumoral y una MAHA paraneoplásica, siendo la quimioterapia la única opción terapéutica en esta situación. Tras el primer ciclo, el paciente aún persistía con trombopenia < 30.000, requiriendo transfusión de plaquetas diarias, al igual que de concentrados de hematíes para mantener la hemoglobina > 9 g/dl. También se notó un ascenso de bilirrubina y LDH en probable relación con hemólisis mantenida. Tras el segundo ciclo, el paciente logra una estabilidad de cifras plaquetarias en torno a 40.000 sin requerimiento de transfusiones, y tras el tercer ciclo comienza a presentar un aumento exponencial de las cifras plaquetarias y de hemoglobina, al igual que progresivamente presentaba un descenso de marcadores de hemólisis (LDH y bilirrubina), hasta lograr la normalización de todos los valores. En general, la quimioterapia fue muy bien tolerada por parte del paciente, presentando astenia grado 1 como toxicidad relevante al inicio; posteriormente se suspendió el oxaliplatino tras el 15º ciclo por neuropatía grado 2 persistente. En cuanto a la clínica de dolor, el paciente requirió inicialmente dosis altas de fentanilo transdérmico con frecuentes rescates de fentanilo transmucoso para crisis irruptivas de dolor, logrando una mejoría progresiva del dolor tras administrar radioterapia antiálgica, con menor requerimiento de opioides y capacidad de deambulación por parte del paciente. Hasta la fecha continúa tratamiento quimioterápico activo, con muy buena tolerancia y con buen estado general (ECOG 1), pudiendo deambular sin ayuda y sin requerimiento de opioides. Ha continuado su seguimiento con TC, gammagrafía ósea y analíticas, sin evidencia de progresión tumoral hasta la fecha. En la última TC (febrero de 2015) persistían las lesiones óseas conocidas, pero sin evidencia de progresión de la enfermedad. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA

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Anamnesis Un varón de 54 años debuta en noviembre de 2013 con lumbalgia que no cede a pesar de analgesia de primer escalón, por lo cual es valorado por Traumatología en un centro privado. Se realiza una resonancia magnética de columna lumbar, en la que se evidencia un abombamiento posterior de L5 que disminuye el espacio aracnoideo anterior. También se realiza una gammagrafía ósea, en la que se observa una captación patológica osteoblástica extensa en todo el esqueleto axial, costillas, cráneo y ambos fémures. Ante la dificultad para deambular secundaria al empeoramiento del dolor, el paciente ingresa en nuestro centro en enero de 2014 para completar el estudio. Exploración física General: ECOG 2 por lumbalgia intensa. Palidez cutánea, alerta, eupneico, bien hidratado, bien perfundido. Cabeza y cuello: no adenopatías, no ingurgitación venosa yugular, mucosa oral sin lesiones. Auscultación cardiopulmonar: sin hallazgos relevantes. Abdomen: ruidos hidroaéreos positivos, blando y depresible, no dolor a la palpación, no se palpan masas ni organomegalias. Sistema locomotor: simetría de las cuatro extremidades, eutróficas. Dolor a la espinopresión de la columna lumbar, en especial en lumbares bajas. Pulsos conservados, no signos de TVP. Neurológico: consciente y orientado en las tres esferas, pares craneales sin alteraciones, sensibilidad sin alteraciones, fuerza conservada en las cuatro extremidades (5/5), reflejos osteotendinosos conservados, salvo leve hiporreflexia patelar derecha, marcha difícilmente explorable por dolor, no disdiadococinesia. Pruebas complementarias » Analítica sanguínea inicial. Hemograma: Hb 13,8 g/dl. Reticulocitos absolutos 124.000 (valor normal 20.000-75.000). Plaquetas 139.000. Leucocitos 10.200 (neutrófilos 7,400). Hemostasia: TP 12,5s, INR 1,13, fibrinógeno 312. Bioquímica: AST 27 UI/l, ALT 30 UI/l, bilirrubina 1,5 UI/l, GGT 24 UI/l, fosfatasa alcalina 1.752 UI/l, LDH 232 UI/l, creatinina 0,95 mg/dl, urea 26 mg/dl, sodio 142 mEq/l, potasio 4,2 mEq/l. » Marcadores tumorales: alfa-fetoproteína 6,9. CEA 37,6. CA-125 5. CA 15-3 11. CA-19-9 26. CYFRA 21-1 11,9. PSA 0,77. » Evolutivo analítico al inicio del ingreso: - Hemoglobina 13,8 -> 13,8 -> 12,7 -> 9,8 -> 10.5. - Plaquetas 139.000 -> 84.000 -> 70.000 -> 50.000 -> 46.000. - Leucocitos 10.200 -> 17.800 -> 23.000 -> 15.000 -> 18.600. » Frotis de sangre periférica: anemia con discreta anisocitosis normocítica, se ven hematíes macrocíticos, esferocitos (algunos microesferocitos) y esquistocitos aproximadamente del 2%, leucocitosis con neutrofilia, trombopenia. Diagnóstico: anemia regenerativa sugestiva de microangiopatía » Coombs directo: negativo. » TC cuerpo: se observa la lesión metastásica en L5 conocida asociada a un componente de partes blandas con impronta en el canal raquídeo y afectación de la raíz L5-S1. Se evidencia una afectación osteolítica difusa. No se observan lesiones sugerentes de tumoración primaria en el resto del cuerpo. » Resonancia magnética de la columna (realizada fuera de nuestro centro): se confirma afectación ósea difusa con componente de partes blandas a nivel de L5 que impronta en el canal raquídeo. » TC craneal: sin alteraciones de interés. » Biopsia de médula ósea: se observa una infiltración multifocal por un adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello. El perfil inmunohistoquímico sugiere un origen digestivo (positivo para citoqueratinas CEA, AE1/AE3, CK7, CK19, CK20/CDX2/CA19.9 (minoritario); negativo para CD45/CA125/TTF1). Her-2/Neu negativo. » Endoscopia digestiva alta: gastritis nodular. No se observan lesiones neoplásicas. » Colonoscopia: pólipo en el recto, que se reseca. Anatomía patológica: hiperplasia. » PET-TC: alta probabilidad de malignidad en múltiples lesiones óseas sugestivas de afectación metastásica. Asimetría de captación en el cavum izquierdo. No se observa captación sugestiva de malignidad en el resto del cuerpo. » Punción aspiración con aguja fina del tiroides: bocio multinodular. » Biopsia de cavum: no infiltración neoplásica. » Evolutivo analítico al iniciar el primer ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 9,5 -> 9,2 -> 8,8 -> 9,1. - Plaquetas 84.000 -> 62.000 -> 47.000 -> 23.000. - Leucocitos 15.600 -> 12.100 -> 7.500 -> 5.800. - Bilirrubina 4,1 -> 3,8 -> 4,1 -> 4,1. - LDH 313 -> 294 -> 491 -> 688. » Evolutivo analítico tras segundo ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 8,9 -> 10,2 -> 9,0 -> 8,8. - Plaquetas 36.000 -> 34.000 -> 54.000 -> 80.000. - Leucocitos 2300 -> 4000 -> 3800 -> 3100. - Bilirrubina 1,3 -> 1,1 -> 0,8 -> 0,9. - LDH 472 -> 476 -> 398 -> 371. Diagnóstico Metástasis óseas difusas con infiltración en la médula ósea de células en anillo de sello de probable origen digestivo. Sin tumoración primaria conocida. Anemia hemolítica microangiopática paraneoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de metástasis óseas difusas sin un tumor primario conocido, se decide en comité de tumores comenzar tratamiento con quimioterapia a pesar de factores limitantes como trombopenia grado 4 con requerimiento transfusional diario para mantener las plaquetas > 50.000. Se decide tratamiento dirigido a la sospecha de origen digestivo con esquema mFOLFOX4 con disminución del 20% de dosis inicialmente (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 600 mg/m2/día en infusión continua de 24 horas días 1 y 2), empezándose en febrero de 2014. Posteriormente, tras el segundo ciclo se continúa con esquema mFOLFOX6 (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 2.400 mg/m2/día en infusión continua durante 48 horas) por comodidad de administración ambulatoria y para disminuir el riesgo de mielotoxicidad. Se inició tratamiento con ácido zoledrónico antes de la quimioterapia. Evolución Debido a la extensa afectación ósea, el paciente presentaba dos principales complicaciones: 1) mal control del dolor por aplastamiento de L5, sin compresión medular asociada por nivel afectado; 2) anemia hemolítica microangiopática asociada a trombopenia grado 4 de carácter paraneoplásico. Desde el ingreso, el paciente presentaba una importante anemización multifactorial: anemia hemolítica microangiopática y diátesis hemorrágica secundaria a trombopenia (sangrado gastrointestinal tras resección de un pólipo rectal y sangrado tras biopsia de cavum); por lo tanto, el paciente requería soporte transfusional diario de hematíes, plaquetas y fibrinógeno, con bajo rendimiento. Se decidió iniciar tratamiento quimioterápico urgentemente a pesar de la importante citopenia y riesgo de diátesis hemorrágica debido a que esta era secundaria a infiltración tumoral y una MAHA paraneoplásica, siendo la quimioterapia la única opción terapéutica en esta situación. Tras el primer ciclo, el paciente aún persistía con trombopenia < 30.000, requiriendo transfusión de plaquetas diarias, al igual que de concentrados de hematíes para mantener la hemoglobina > 9 g/dl. También se notó un ascenso de bilirrubina y LDH en probable relación con hemólisis mantenida. Tras el segundo ciclo, el paciente logra una estabilidad de cifras plaquetarias en torno a 40.000 sin requerimiento de transfusiones, y tras el tercer ciclo comienza a presentar un aumento exponencial de las cifras plaquetarias y de hemoglobina, al igual que progresivamente presentaba un descenso de marcadores de hemólisis (LDH y bilirrubina), hasta lograr la normalización de todos los valores. En general, la quimioterapia fue muy bien tolerada por parte del paciente, presentando astenia grado 1 como toxicidad relevante al inicio; posteriormente se suspendió el oxaliplatino tras el 15º ciclo por neuropatía grado 2 persistente. En cuanto a la clínica de dolor, el paciente requirió inicialmente dosis altas de fentanilo transdérmico con frecuentes rescates de fentanilo transmucoso para crisis irruptivas de dolor, logrando una mejoría progresiva del dolor tras administrar radioterapia antiálgica, con menor requerimiento de opioides y capacidad de deambulación por parte del paciente. Hasta la fecha continúa tratamiento quimioterápico activo, con muy buena tolerancia y con buen estado general (ECOG 1), pudiendo deambular sin ayuda y sin requerimiento de opioides. Ha continuado su seguimiento con TC, gammagrafía ósea y analíticas, sin evidencia de progresión tumoral hasta la fecha. En la última TC (febrero de 2015) persistían las lesiones óseas conocidas, pero sin evidencia de progresión de la enfermedad.

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[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]

metastásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, afectación osteolítica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoración is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, afectación ósea is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplásicas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, malignidad is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones óseas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metastásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, malignidad is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, neoplásica is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, Metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, células en anillo de sello is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoración is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, metástasis is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, sin un tumor primario conocido is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, afectación ósea is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoral is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoral is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, lesiones óseas is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA

35_task1

Sentence: Anamnesis Un varón de 54 años debuta en noviembre de 2013 con lumbalgia que no cede a pesar de analgesia de primer escalón, por lo cual es valorado por Traumatología en un centro privado. Se realiza una resonancia magnética de columna lumbar, en la que se evidencia un abombamiento posterior de L5 que disminuye el espacio aracnoideo anterior. También se realiza una gammagrafía ósea, en la que se observa una captación patológica osteoblástica extensa en todo el esqueleto axial, costillas, cráneo y ambos fémures. Ante la dificultad para deambular secundaria al empeoramiento del dolor, el paciente ingresa en nuestro centro en enero de 2014 para completar el estudio. Exploración física General: ECOG 2 por lumbalgia intensa. Palidez cutánea, alerta, eupneico, bien hidratado, bien perfundido. Cabeza y cuello: no adenopatías, no ingurgitación venosa yugular, mucosa oral sin lesiones. Auscultación cardiopulmonar: sin hallazgos relevantes. Abdomen: ruidos hidroaéreos positivos, blando y depresible, no dolor a la palpación, no se palpan masas ni organomegalias. Sistema locomotor: simetría de las cuatro extremidades, eutróficas. Dolor a la espinopresión de la columna lumbar, en especial en lumbares bajas. Pulsos conservados, no signos de TVP. Neurológico: consciente y orientado en las tres esferas, pares craneales sin alteraciones, sensibilidad sin alteraciones, fuerza conservada en las cuatro extremidades (5/5), reflejos osteotendinosos conservados, salvo leve hiporreflexia patelar derecha, marcha difícilmente explorable por dolor, no disdiadococinesia. Pruebas complementarias » Analítica sanguínea inicial. Hemograma: Hb 13,8 g/dl. Reticulocitos absolutos 124.000 (valor normal 20.000-75.000). Plaquetas 139.000. Leucocitos 10.200 (neutrófilos 7,400). Hemostasia: TP 12,5s, INR 1,13, fibrinógeno 312. Bioquímica: AST 27 UI/l, ALT 30 UI/l, bilirrubina 1,5 UI/l, GGT 24 UI/l, fosfatasa alcalina 1.752 UI/l, LDH 232 UI/l, creatinina 0,95 mg/dl, urea 26 mg/dl, sodio 142 mEq/l, potasio 4,2 mEq/l. » Marcadores tumorales: alfa-fetoproteína 6,9. CEA 37,6. CA-125 5. CA 15-3 11. CA-19-9 26. CYFRA 21-1 11,9. PSA 0,77. » Evolutivo analítico al inicio del ingreso: - Hemoglobina 13,8 -> 13,8 -> 12,7 -> 9,8 -> 10.5. - Plaquetas 139.000 -> 84.000 -> 70.000 -> 50.000 -> 46.000. - Leucocitos 10.200 -> 17.800 -> 23.000 -> 15.000 -> 18.600. » Frotis de sangre periférica: anemia con discreta anisocitosis normocítica, se ven hematíes macrocíticos, esferocitos (algunos microesferocitos) y esquistocitos aproximadamente del 2%, leucocitosis con neutrofilia, trombopenia. Diagnóstico: anemia regenerativa sugestiva de microangiopatía » Coombs directo: negativo. » TC cuerpo: se observa la lesión metastásica en L5 conocida asociada a un componente de partes blandas con impronta en el canal raquídeo y afectación de la raíz L5-S1. Se evidencia una afectación osteolítica difusa. No se observan lesiones sugerentes de tumoración primaria en el resto del cuerpo. » Resonancia magnética de la columna (realizada fuera de nuestro centro): se confirma afectación ósea difusa con componente de partes blandas a nivel de L5 que impronta en el canal raquídeo. » TC craneal: sin alteraciones de interés. » Biopsia de médula ósea: se observa una infiltración multifocal por un adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello. El perfil inmunohistoquímico sugiere un origen digestivo (positivo para citoqueratinas CEA, AE1/AE3, CK7, CK19, CK20/CDX2/CA19.9 (minoritario); negativo para CD45/CA125/TTF1). Her-2/Neu negativo. » Endoscopia digestiva alta: gastritis nodular. No se observan lesiones neoplásicas. » Colonoscopia: pólipo en el recto, que se reseca. Anatomía patológica: hiperplasia. » PET-TC: alta probabilidad de malignidad en múltiples lesiones óseas sugestivas de afectación metastásica. Asimetría de captación en el cavum izquierdo. No se observa captación sugestiva de malignidad en el resto del cuerpo. » Punción aspiración con aguja fina del tiroides: bocio multinodular. » Biopsia de cavum: no infiltración neoplásica. » Evolutivo analítico al iniciar el primer ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 9,5 -> 9,2 -> 8,8 -> 9,1. - Plaquetas 84.000 -> 62.000 -> 47.000 -> 23.000. - Leucocitos 15.600 -> 12.100 -> 7.500 -> 5.800. - Bilirrubina 4,1 -> 3,8 -> 4,1 -> 4,1. - LDH 313 -> 294 -> 491 -> 688. » Evolutivo analítico tras segundo ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 8,9 -> 10,2 -> 9,0 -> 8,8. - Plaquetas 36.000 -> 34.000 -> 54.000 -> 80.000. - Leucocitos 2300 -> 4000 -> 3800 -> 3100. - Bilirrubina 1,3 -> 1,1 -> 0,8 -> 0,9. - LDH 472 -> 476 -> 398 -> 371. Diagnóstico Metástasis óseas difusas con infiltración en la médula ósea de células en anillo de sello de probable origen digestivo. Sin tumoración primaria conocida. Anemia hemolítica microangiopática paraneoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de metástasis óseas difusas sin un tumor primario conocido, se decide en comité de tumores comenzar tratamiento con quimioterapia a pesar de factores limitantes como trombopenia grado 4 con requerimiento transfusional diario para mantener las plaquetas > 50.000. Se decide tratamiento dirigido a la sospecha de origen digestivo con esquema mFOLFOX4 con disminución del 20% de dosis inicialmente (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 600 mg/m2/día en infusión continua de 24 horas días 1 y 2), empezándose en febrero de 2014. Posteriormente, tras el segundo ciclo se continúa con esquema mFOLFOX6 (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 2.400 mg/m2/día en infusión continua durante 48 horas) por comodidad de administración ambulatoria y para disminuir el riesgo de mielotoxicidad. Se inició tratamiento con ácido zoledrónico antes de la quimioterapia. Evolución Debido a la extensa afectación ósea, el paciente presentaba dos principales complicaciones: 1) mal control del dolor por aplastamiento de L5, sin compresión medular asociada por nivel afectado; 2) anemia hemolítica microangiopática asociada a trombopenia grado 4 de carácter paraneoplásico. Desde el ingreso, el paciente presentaba una importante anemización multifactorial: anemia hemolítica microangiopática y diátesis hemorrágica secundaria a trombopenia (sangrado gastrointestinal tras resección de un pólipo rectal y sangrado tras biopsia de cavum); por lo tanto, el paciente requería soporte transfusional diario de hematíes, plaquetas y fibrinógeno, con bajo rendimiento. Se decidió iniciar tratamiento quimioterápico urgentemente a pesar de la importante citopenia y riesgo de diátesis hemorrágica debido a que esta era secundaria a infiltración tumoral y una MAHA paraneoplásica, siendo la quimioterapia la única opción terapéutica en esta situación. Tras el primer ciclo, el paciente aún persistía con trombopenia < 30.000, requiriendo transfusión de plaquetas diarias, al igual que de concentrados de hematíes para mantener la hemoglobina > 9 g/dl. También se notó un ascenso de bilirrubina y LDH en probable relación con hemólisis mantenida. Tras el segundo ciclo, el paciente logra una estabilidad de cifras plaquetarias en torno a 40.000 sin requerimiento de transfusiones, y tras el tercer ciclo comienza a presentar un aumento exponencial de las cifras plaquetarias y de hemoglobina, al igual que progresivamente presentaba un descenso de marcadores de hemólisis (LDH y bilirrubina), hasta lograr la normalización de todos los valores. En general, la quimioterapia fue muy bien tolerada por parte del paciente, presentando astenia grado 1 como toxicidad relevante al inicio; posteriormente se suspendió el oxaliplatino tras el 15º ciclo por neuropatía grado 2 persistente. En cuanto a la clínica de dolor, el paciente requirió inicialmente dosis altas de fentanilo transdérmico con frecuentes rescates de fentanilo transmucoso para crisis irruptivas de dolor, logrando una mejoría progresiva del dolor tras administrar radioterapia antiálgica, con menor requerimiento de opioides y capacidad de deambulación por parte del paciente. Hasta la fecha continúa tratamiento quimioterápico activo, con muy buena tolerancia y con buen estado general (ECOG 1), pudiendo deambular sin ayuda y sin requerimiento de opioides. Ha continuado su seguimiento con TC, gammagrafía ósea y analíticas, sin evidencia de progresión tumoral hasta la fecha. En la última TC (febrero de 2015) persistían las lesiones óseas conocidas, pero sin evidencia de progresión de la enfermedad. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: metastásica, afectación osteolítica, tumoración, afectación ósea, adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello, neoplásicas, malignidad, lesiones óseas, metastásica, malignidad, neoplásica, Metástasis, células en anillo de sello, tumoración, metástasis, sin un tumor primario conocido, afectación ósea, tumoral, tumoral, lesiones óseas Options: MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA

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Anamnesis Un varón de 54 años debuta en noviembre de 2013 con lumbalgia que no cede a pesar de analgesia de primer escalón, por lo cual es valorado por Traumatología en un centro privado. Se realiza una resonancia magnética de columna lumbar, en la que se evidencia un abombamiento posterior de L5 que disminuye el espacio aracnoideo anterior. También se realiza una gammagrafía ósea, en la que se observa una captación patológica osteoblástica extensa en todo el esqueleto axial, costillas, cráneo y ambos fémures. Ante la dificultad para deambular secundaria al empeoramiento del dolor, el paciente ingresa en nuestro centro en enero de 2014 para completar el estudio. Exploración física General: ECOG 2 por lumbalgia intensa. Palidez cutánea, alerta, eupneico, bien hidratado, bien perfundido. Cabeza y cuello: no adenopatías, no ingurgitación venosa yugular, mucosa oral sin lesiones. Auscultación cardiopulmonar: sin hallazgos relevantes. Abdomen: ruidos hidroaéreos positivos, blando y depresible, no dolor a la palpación, no se palpan masas ni organomegalias. Sistema locomotor: simetría de las cuatro extremidades, eutróficas. Dolor a la espinopresión de la columna lumbar, en especial en lumbares bajas. Pulsos conservados, no signos de TVP. Neurológico: consciente y orientado en las tres esferas, pares craneales sin alteraciones, sensibilidad sin alteraciones, fuerza conservada en las cuatro extremidades (5/5), reflejos osteotendinosos conservados, salvo leve hiporreflexia patelar derecha, marcha difícilmente explorable por dolor, no disdiadococinesia. Pruebas complementarias » Analítica sanguínea inicial. Hemograma: Hb 13,8 g/dl. Reticulocitos absolutos 124.000 (valor normal 20.000-75.000). Plaquetas 139.000. Leucocitos 10.200 (neutrófilos 7,400). Hemostasia: TP 12,5s, INR 1,13, fibrinógeno 312. Bioquímica: AST 27 UI/l, ALT 30 UI/l, bilirrubina 1,5 UI/l, GGT 24 UI/l, fosfatasa alcalina 1.752 UI/l, LDH 232 UI/l, creatinina 0,95 mg/dl, urea 26 mg/dl, sodio 142 mEq/l, potasio 4,2 mEq/l. » Marcadores tumorales: alfa-fetoproteína 6,9. CEA 37,6. CA-125 5. CA 15-3 11. CA-19-9 26. CYFRA 21-1 11,9. PSA 0,77. » Evolutivo analítico al inicio del ingreso: - Hemoglobina 13,8 -> 13,8 -> 12,7 -> 9,8 -> 10.5. - Plaquetas 139.000 -> 84.000 -> 70.000 -> 50.000 -> 46.000. - Leucocitos 10.200 -> 17.800 -> 23.000 -> 15.000 -> 18.600. » Frotis de sangre periférica: anemia con discreta anisocitosis normocítica, se ven hematíes macrocíticos, esferocitos (algunos microesferocitos) y esquistocitos aproximadamente del 2%, leucocitosis con neutrofilia, trombopenia. Diagnóstico: anemia regenerativa sugestiva de microangiopatía » Coombs directo: negativo. » TC cuerpo: se observa la lesión metastásica en L5 conocida asociada a un componente de partes blandas con impronta en el canal raquídeo y afectación de la raíz L5-S1. Se evidencia una afectación osteolítica difusa. No se observan lesiones sugerentes de tumoración primaria en el resto del cuerpo. » Resonancia magnética de la columna (realizada fuera de nuestro centro): se confirma afectación ósea difusa con componente de partes blandas a nivel de L5 que impronta en el canal raquídeo. » TC craneal: sin alteraciones de interés. » Biopsia de médula ósea: se observa una infiltración multifocal por un adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello. El perfil inmunohistoquímico sugiere un origen digestivo (positivo para citoqueratinas CEA, AE1/AE3, CK7, CK19, CK20/CDX2/CA19.9 (minoritario); negativo para CD45/CA125/TTF1). Her-2/Neu negativo. » Endoscopia digestiva alta: gastritis nodular. No se observan lesiones neoplásicas. » Colonoscopia: pólipo en el recto, que se reseca. Anatomía patológica: hiperplasia. » PET-TC: alta probabilidad de malignidad en múltiples lesiones óseas sugestivas de afectación metastásica. Asimetría de captación en el cavum izquierdo. No se observa captación sugestiva de malignidad en el resto del cuerpo. » Punción aspiración con aguja fina del tiroides: bocio multinodular. » Biopsia de cavum: no infiltración neoplásica. » Evolutivo analítico al iniciar el primer ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 9,5 -> 9,2 -> 8,8 -> 9,1. - Plaquetas 84.000 -> 62.000 -> 47.000 -> 23.000. - Leucocitos 15.600 -> 12.100 -> 7.500 -> 5.800. - Bilirrubina 4,1 -> 3,8 -> 4,1 -> 4,1. - LDH 313 -> 294 -> 491 -> 688. » Evolutivo analítico tras segundo ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 8,9 -> 10,2 -> 9,0 -> 8,8. - Plaquetas 36.000 -> 34.000 -> 54.000 -> 80.000. - Leucocitos 2300 -> 4000 -> 3800 -> 3100. - Bilirrubina 1,3 -> 1,1 -> 0,8 -> 0,9. - LDH 472 -> 476 -> 398 -> 371. Diagnóstico Metástasis óseas difusas con infiltración en la médula ósea de células en anillo de sello de probable origen digestivo. Sin tumoración primaria conocida. Anemia hemolítica microangiopática paraneoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de metástasis óseas difusas sin un tumor primario conocido, se decide en comité de tumores comenzar tratamiento con quimioterapia a pesar de factores limitantes como trombopenia grado 4 con requerimiento transfusional diario para mantener las plaquetas > 50.000. Se decide tratamiento dirigido a la sospecha de origen digestivo con esquema mFOLFOX4 con disminución del 20% de dosis inicialmente (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 600 mg/m2/día en infusión continua de 24 horas días 1 y 2), empezándose en febrero de 2014. Posteriormente, tras el segundo ciclo se continúa con esquema mFOLFOX6 (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 2.400 mg/m2/día en infusión continua durante 48 horas) por comodidad de administración ambulatoria y para disminuir el riesgo de mielotoxicidad. Se inició tratamiento con ácido zoledrónico antes de la quimioterapia. Evolución Debido a la extensa afectación ósea, el paciente presentaba dos principales complicaciones: 1) mal control del dolor por aplastamiento de L5, sin compresión medular asociada por nivel afectado; 2) anemia hemolítica microangiopática asociada a trombopenia grado 4 de carácter paraneoplásico. Desde el ingreso, el paciente presentaba una importante anemización multifactorial: anemia hemolítica microangiopática y diátesis hemorrágica secundaria a trombopenia (sangrado gastrointestinal tras resección de un pólipo rectal y sangrado tras biopsia de cavum); por lo tanto, el paciente requería soporte transfusional diario de hematíes, plaquetas y fibrinógeno, con bajo rendimiento. Se decidió iniciar tratamiento quimioterápico urgentemente a pesar de la importante citopenia y riesgo de diátesis hemorrágica debido a que esta era secundaria a infiltración tumoral y una MAHA paraneoplásica, siendo la quimioterapia la única opción terapéutica en esta situación. Tras el primer ciclo, el paciente aún persistía con trombopenia < 30.000, requiriendo transfusión de plaquetas diarias, al igual que de concentrados de hematíes para mantener la hemoglobina > 9 g/dl. También se notó un ascenso de bilirrubina y LDH en probable relación con hemólisis mantenida. Tras el segundo ciclo, el paciente logra una estabilidad de cifras plaquetarias en torno a 40.000 sin requerimiento de transfusiones, y tras el tercer ciclo comienza a presentar un aumento exponencial de las cifras plaquetarias y de hemoglobina, al igual que progresivamente presentaba un descenso de marcadores de hemólisis (LDH y bilirrubina), hasta lograr la normalización de todos los valores. En general, la quimioterapia fue muy bien tolerada por parte del paciente, presentando astenia grado 1 como toxicidad relevante al inicio; posteriormente se suspendió el oxaliplatino tras el 15º ciclo por neuropatía grado 2 persistente. En cuanto a la clínica de dolor, el paciente requirió inicialmente dosis altas de fentanilo transdérmico con frecuentes rescates de fentanilo transmucoso para crisis irruptivas de dolor, logrando una mejoría progresiva del dolor tras administrar radioterapia antiálgica, con menor requerimiento de opioides y capacidad de deambulación por parte del paciente. Hasta la fecha continúa tratamiento quimioterápico activo, con muy buena tolerancia y con buen estado general (ECOG 1), pudiendo deambular sin ayuda y sin requerimiento de opioides. Ha continuado su seguimiento con TC, gammagrafía ósea y analíticas, sin evidencia de progresión tumoral hasta la fecha. En la última TC (febrero de 2015) persistían las lesiones óseas conocidas, pero sin evidencia de progresión de la enfermedad.

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[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]

metastásica, afectación osteolítica, tumoración, afectación ósea, adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello, neoplásicas, malignidad, lesiones óseas, metastásica, malignidad, neoplásica, Metástasis, células en anillo de sello, tumoración, metástasis, sin un tumor primario conocido, afectación ósea, tumoral, tumoral, lesiones óseas

35_task2

Sentence: Anamnesis Un varón de 54 años debuta en noviembre de 2013 con lumbalgia que no cede a pesar de analgesia de primer escalón, por lo cual es valorado por Traumatología en un centro privado. Se realiza una resonancia magnética de columna lumbar, en la que se evidencia un abombamiento posterior de L5 que disminuye el espacio aracnoideo anterior. También se realiza una gammagrafía ósea, en la que se observa una captación patológica osteoblástica extensa en todo el esqueleto axial, costillas, cráneo y ambos fémures. Ante la dificultad para deambular secundaria al empeoramiento del dolor, el paciente ingresa en nuestro centro en enero de 2014 para completar el estudio. Exploración física General: ECOG 2 por lumbalgia intensa. Palidez cutánea, alerta, eupneico, bien hidratado, bien perfundido. Cabeza y cuello: no adenopatías, no ingurgitación venosa yugular, mucosa oral sin lesiones. Auscultación cardiopulmonar: sin hallazgos relevantes. Abdomen: ruidos hidroaéreos positivos, blando y depresible, no dolor a la palpación, no se palpan masas ni organomegalias. Sistema locomotor: simetría de las cuatro extremidades, eutróficas. Dolor a la espinopresión de la columna lumbar, en especial en lumbares bajas. Pulsos conservados, no signos de TVP. Neurológico: consciente y orientado en las tres esferas, pares craneales sin alteraciones, sensibilidad sin alteraciones, fuerza conservada en las cuatro extremidades (5/5), reflejos osteotendinosos conservados, salvo leve hiporreflexia patelar derecha, marcha difícilmente explorable por dolor, no disdiadococinesia. Pruebas complementarias » Analítica sanguínea inicial. Hemograma: Hb 13,8 g/dl. Reticulocitos absolutos 124.000 (valor normal 20.000-75.000). Plaquetas 139.000. Leucocitos 10.200 (neutrófilos 7,400). Hemostasia: TP 12,5s, INR 1,13, fibrinógeno 312. Bioquímica: AST 27 UI/l, ALT 30 UI/l, bilirrubina 1,5 UI/l, GGT 24 UI/l, fosfatasa alcalina 1.752 UI/l, LDH 232 UI/l, creatinina 0,95 mg/dl, urea 26 mg/dl, sodio 142 mEq/l, potasio 4,2 mEq/l. » Marcadores tumorales: alfa-fetoproteína 6,9. CEA 37,6. CA-125 5. CA 15-3 11. CA-19-9 26. CYFRA 21-1 11,9. PSA 0,77. » Evolutivo analítico al inicio del ingreso: - Hemoglobina 13,8 -> 13,8 -> 12,7 -> 9,8 -> 10.5. - Plaquetas 139.000 -> 84.000 -> 70.000 -> 50.000 -> 46.000. - Leucocitos 10.200 -> 17.800 -> 23.000 -> 15.000 -> 18.600. » Frotis de sangre periférica: anemia con discreta anisocitosis normocítica, se ven hematíes macrocíticos, esferocitos (algunos microesferocitos) y esquistocitos aproximadamente del 2%, leucocitosis con neutrofilia, trombopenia. Diagnóstico: anemia regenerativa sugestiva de microangiopatía » Coombs directo: negativo. » TC cuerpo: se observa la lesión metastásica en L5 conocida asociada a un componente de partes blandas con impronta en el canal raquídeo y afectación de la raíz L5-S1. Se evidencia una afectación osteolítica difusa. No se observan lesiones sugerentes de tumoración primaria en el resto del cuerpo. » Resonancia magnética de la columna (realizada fuera de nuestro centro): se confirma afectación ósea difusa con componente de partes blandas a nivel de L5 que impronta en el canal raquídeo. » TC craneal: sin alteraciones de interés. » Biopsia de médula ósea: se observa una infiltración multifocal por un adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello. El perfil inmunohistoquímico sugiere un origen digestivo (positivo para citoqueratinas CEA, AE1/AE3, CK7, CK19, CK20/CDX2/CA19.9 (minoritario); negativo para CD45/CA125/TTF1). Her-2/Neu negativo. » Endoscopia digestiva alta: gastritis nodular. No se observan lesiones neoplásicas. » Colonoscopia: pólipo en el recto, que se reseca. Anatomía patológica: hiperplasia. » PET-TC: alta probabilidad de malignidad en múltiples lesiones óseas sugestivas de afectación metastásica. Asimetría de captación en el cavum izquierdo. No se observa captación sugestiva de malignidad en el resto del cuerpo. » Punción aspiración con aguja fina del tiroides: bocio multinodular. » Biopsia de cavum: no infiltración neoplásica. » Evolutivo analítico al iniciar el primer ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 9,5 -> 9,2 -> 8,8 -> 9,1. - Plaquetas 84.000 -> 62.000 -> 47.000 -> 23.000. - Leucocitos 15.600 -> 12.100 -> 7.500 -> 5.800. - Bilirrubina 4,1 -> 3,8 -> 4,1 -> 4,1. - LDH 313 -> 294 -> 491 -> 688. » Evolutivo analítico tras segundo ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 8,9 -> 10,2 -> 9,0 -> 8,8. - Plaquetas 36.000 -> 34.000 -> 54.000 -> 80.000. - Leucocitos 2300 -> 4000 -> 3800 -> 3100. - Bilirrubina 1,3 -> 1,1 -> 0,8 -> 0,9. - LDH 472 -> 476 -> 398 -> 371. Diagnóstico Metástasis óseas difusas con infiltración en la médula ósea de células en anillo de sello de probable origen digestivo. Sin tumoración primaria conocida. Anemia hemolítica microangiopática paraneoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de metástasis óseas difusas sin un tumor primario conocido, se decide en comité de tumores comenzar tratamiento con quimioterapia a pesar de factores limitantes como trombopenia grado 4 con requerimiento transfusional diario para mantener las plaquetas > 50.000. Se decide tratamiento dirigido a la sospecha de origen digestivo con esquema mFOLFOX4 con disminución del 20% de dosis inicialmente (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 600 mg/m2/día en infusión continua de 24 horas días 1 y 2), empezándose en febrero de 2014. Posteriormente, tras el segundo ciclo se continúa con esquema mFOLFOX6 (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 2.400 mg/m2/día en infusión continua durante 48 horas) por comodidad de administración ambulatoria y para disminuir el riesgo de mielotoxicidad. Se inició tratamiento con ácido zoledrónico antes de la quimioterapia. Evolución Debido a la extensa afectación ósea, el paciente presentaba dos principales complicaciones: 1) mal control del dolor por aplastamiento de L5, sin compresión medular asociada por nivel afectado; 2) anemia hemolítica microangiopática asociada a trombopenia grado 4 de carácter paraneoplásico. Desde el ingreso, el paciente presentaba una importante anemización multifactorial: anemia hemolítica microangiopática y diátesis hemorrágica secundaria a trombopenia (sangrado gastrointestinal tras resección de un pólipo rectal y sangrado tras biopsia de cavum); por lo tanto, el paciente requería soporte transfusional diario de hematíes, plaquetas y fibrinógeno, con bajo rendimiento. Se decidió iniciar tratamiento quimioterápico urgentemente a pesar de la importante citopenia y riesgo de diátesis hemorrágica debido a que esta era secundaria a infiltración tumoral y una MAHA paraneoplásica, siendo la quimioterapia la única opción terapéutica en esta situación. Tras el primer ciclo, el paciente aún persistía con trombopenia < 30.000, requiriendo transfusión de plaquetas diarias, al igual que de concentrados de hematíes para mantener la hemoglobina > 9 g/dl. También se notó un ascenso de bilirrubina y LDH en probable relación con hemólisis mantenida. Tras el segundo ciclo, el paciente logra una estabilidad de cifras plaquetarias en torno a 40.000 sin requerimiento de transfusiones, y tras el tercer ciclo comienza a presentar un aumento exponencial de las cifras plaquetarias y de hemoglobina, al igual que progresivamente presentaba un descenso de marcadores de hemólisis (LDH y bilirrubina), hasta lograr la normalización de todos los valores. En general, la quimioterapia fue muy bien tolerada por parte del paciente, presentando astenia grado 1 como toxicidad relevante al inicio; posteriormente se suspendió el oxaliplatino tras el 15º ciclo por neuropatía grado 2 persistente. En cuanto a la clínica de dolor, el paciente requirió inicialmente dosis altas de fentanilo transdérmico con frecuentes rescates de fentanilo transmucoso para crisis irruptivas de dolor, logrando una mejoría progresiva del dolor tras administrar radioterapia antiálgica, con menor requerimiento de opioides y capacidad de deambulación por parte del paciente. Hasta la fecha continúa tratamiento quimioterápico activo, con muy buena tolerancia y con buen estado general (ECOG 1), pudiendo deambular sin ayuda y sin requerimiento de opioides. Ha continuado su seguimiento con TC, gammagrafía ósea y analíticas, sin evidencia de progresión tumoral hasta la fecha. En la última TC (febrero de 2015) persistían las lesiones óseas conocidas, pero sin evidencia de progresión de la enfermedad. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Anamnesis Un varón de 54 años debuta en noviembre de 2013 con lumbalgia que no cede a pesar de analgesia de primer escalón, por lo cual es valorado por Traumatología en un centro privado. Se realiza una resonancia magnética de columna lumbar, en la que se evidencia un abombamiento posterior de L5 que disminuye el espacio aracnoideo anterior. También se realiza una gammagrafía ósea, en la que se observa una captación patológica osteoblástica extensa en todo el esqueleto axial, costillas, cráneo y ambos fémures. Ante la dificultad para deambular secundaria al empeoramiento del dolor, el paciente ingresa en nuestro centro en enero de 2014 para completar el estudio. Exploración física General: ECOG 2 por lumbalgia intensa. Palidez cutánea, alerta, eupneico, bien hidratado, bien perfundido. Cabeza y cuello: no adenopatías, no ingurgitación venosa yugular, mucosa oral sin lesiones. Auscultación cardiopulmonar: sin hallazgos relevantes. Abdomen: ruidos hidroaéreos positivos, blando y depresible, no dolor a la palpación, no se palpan masas ni organomegalias. Sistema locomotor: simetría de las cuatro extremidades, eutróficas. Dolor a la espinopresión de la columna lumbar, en especial en lumbares bajas. Pulsos conservados, no signos de TVP. Neurológico: consciente y orientado en las tres esferas, pares craneales sin alteraciones, sensibilidad sin alteraciones, fuerza conservada en las cuatro extremidades (5/5), reflejos osteotendinosos conservados, salvo leve hiporreflexia patelar derecha, marcha difícilmente explorable por dolor, no disdiadococinesia. Pruebas complementarias » Analítica sanguínea inicial. Hemograma: Hb 13,8 g/dl. Reticulocitos absolutos 124.000 (valor normal 20.000-75.000). Plaquetas 139.000. Leucocitos 10.200 (neutrófilos 7,400). Hemostasia: TP 12,5s, INR 1,13, fibrinógeno 312. Bioquímica: AST 27 UI/l, ALT 30 UI/l, bilirrubina 1,5 UI/l, GGT 24 UI/l, fosfatasa alcalina 1.752 UI/l, LDH 232 UI/l, creatinina 0,95 mg/dl, urea 26 mg/dl, sodio 142 mEq/l, potasio 4,2 mEq/l. » Marcadores tumorales: alfa-fetoproteína 6,9. CEA 37,6. CA-125 5. CA 15-3 11. CA-19-9 26. CYFRA 21-1 11,9. PSA 0,77. » Evolutivo analítico al inicio del ingreso: - Hemoglobina 13,8 -> 13,8 -> 12,7 -> 9,8 -> 10.5. - Plaquetas 139.000 -> 84.000 -> 70.000 -> 50.000 -> 46.000. - Leucocitos 10.200 -> 17.800 -> 23.000 -> 15.000 -> 18.600. » Frotis de sangre periférica: anemia con discreta anisocitosis normocítica, se ven hematíes macrocíticos, esferocitos (algunos microesferocitos) y esquistocitos aproximadamente del 2%, leucocitosis con neutrofilia, trombopenia. Diagnóstico: anemia regenerativa sugestiva de microangiopatía » Coombs directo: negativo. » TC cuerpo: se observa la lesión metastásica en L5 conocida asociada a un componente de partes blandas con impronta en el canal raquídeo y afectación de la raíz L5-S1. Se evidencia una afectación osteolítica difusa. No se observan lesiones sugerentes de tumoración primaria en el resto del cuerpo. » Resonancia magnética de la columna (realizada fuera de nuestro centro): se confirma afectación ósea difusa con componente de partes blandas a nivel de L5 que impronta en el canal raquídeo. » TC craneal: sin alteraciones de interés. » Biopsia de médula ósea: se observa una infiltración multifocal por un adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado con células en anillo de sello. El perfil inmunohistoquímico sugiere un origen digestivo (positivo para citoqueratinas CEA, AE1/AE3, CK7, CK19, CK20/CDX2/CA19.9 (minoritario); negativo para CD45/CA125/TTF1). Her-2/Neu negativo. » Endoscopia digestiva alta: gastritis nodular. No se observan lesiones neoplásicas. » Colonoscopia: pólipo en el recto, que se reseca. Anatomía patológica: hiperplasia. » PET-TC: alta probabilidad de malignidad en múltiples lesiones óseas sugestivas de afectación metastásica. Asimetría de captación en el cavum izquierdo. No se observa captación sugestiva de malignidad en el resto del cuerpo. » Punción aspiración con aguja fina del tiroides: bocio multinodular. » Biopsia de cavum: no infiltración neoplásica. » Evolutivo analítico al iniciar el primer ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 9,5 -> 9,2 -> 8,8 -> 9,1. - Plaquetas 84.000 -> 62.000 -> 47.000 -> 23.000. - Leucocitos 15.600 -> 12.100 -> 7.500 -> 5.800. - Bilirrubina 4,1 -> 3,8 -> 4,1 -> 4,1. - LDH 313 -> 294 -> 491 -> 688. » Evolutivo analítico tras segundo ciclo de quimioterapia: - Hemoglobina 8,9 -> 10,2 -> 9,0 -> 8,8. - Plaquetas 36.000 -> 34.000 -> 54.000 -> 80.000. - Leucocitos 2300 -> 4000 -> 3800 -> 3100. - Bilirrubina 1,3 -> 1,1 -> 0,8 -> 0,9. - LDH 472 -> 476 -> 398 -> 371. Diagnóstico Metástasis óseas difusas con infiltración en la médula ósea de células en anillo de sello de probable origen digestivo. Sin tumoración primaria conocida. Anemia hemolítica microangiopática paraneoplásica. Tratamiento Ante el diagnóstico de metástasis óseas difusas sin un tumor primario conocido, se decide en comité de tumores comenzar tratamiento con quimioterapia a pesar de factores limitantes como trombopenia grado 4 con requerimiento transfusional diario para mantener las plaquetas > 50.000. Se decide tratamiento dirigido a la sospecha de origen digestivo con esquema mFOLFOX4 con disminución del 20% de dosis inicialmente (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 600 mg/m2/día en infusión continua de 24 horas días 1 y 2), empezándose en febrero de 2014. Posteriormente, tras el segundo ciclo se continúa con esquema mFOLFOX6 (oxaliplatino 85 mg/m2 día 1 + leucovorín 400 mg/m2 en día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 400 mg/m2 en bolo día 1 + 5-fluorouracilo 2.400 mg/m2/día en infusión continua durante 48 horas) por comodidad de administración ambulatoria y para disminuir el riesgo de mielotoxicidad. Se inició tratamiento con ácido zoledrónico antes de la quimioterapia. Evolución Debido a la extensa afectación ósea, el paciente presentaba dos principales complicaciones: 1) mal control del dolor por aplastamiento de L5, sin compresión medular asociada por nivel afectado; 2) anemia hemolítica microangiopática asociada a trombopenia grado 4 de carácter paraneoplásico. Desde el ingreso, el paciente presentaba una importante anemización multifactorial: anemia hemolítica microangiopática y diátesis hemorrágica secundaria a trombopenia (sangrado gastrointestinal tras resección de un pólipo rectal y sangrado tras biopsia de cavum); por lo tanto, el paciente requería soporte transfusional diario de hematíes, plaquetas y fibrinógeno, con bajo rendimiento. Se decidió iniciar tratamiento quimioterápico urgentemente a pesar de la importante citopenia y riesgo de diátesis hemorrágica debido a que esta era secundaria a infiltración tumoral y una MAHA paraneoplásica, siendo la quimioterapia la única opción terapéutica en esta situación. Tras el primer ciclo, el paciente aún persistía con trombopenia < 30.000, requiriendo transfusión de plaquetas diarias, al igual que de concentrados de hematíes para mantener la hemoglobina > 9 g/dl. También se notó un ascenso de bilirrubina y LDH en probable relación con hemólisis mantenida. Tras el segundo ciclo, el paciente logra una estabilidad de cifras plaquetarias en torno a 40.000 sin requerimiento de transfusiones, y tras el tercer ciclo comienza a presentar un aumento exponencial de las cifras plaquetarias y de hemoglobina, al igual que progresivamente presentaba un descenso de marcadores de hemólisis (LDH y bilirrubina), hasta lograr la normalización de todos los valores. En general, la quimioterapia fue muy bien tolerada por parte del paciente, presentando astenia grado 1 como toxicidad relevante al inicio; posteriormente se suspendió el oxaliplatino tras el 15º ciclo por neuropatía grado 2 persistente. En cuanto a la clínica de dolor, el paciente requirió inicialmente dosis altas de fentanilo transdérmico con frecuentes rescates de fentanilo transmucoso para crisis irruptivas de dolor, logrando una mejoría progresiva del dolor tras administrar radioterapia antiálgica, con menor requerimiento de opioides y capacidad de deambulación por parte del paciente. Hasta la fecha continúa tratamiento quimioterápico activo, con muy buena tolerancia y con buen estado general (ECOG 1), pudiendo deambular sin ayuda y sin requerimiento de opioides. Ha continuado su seguimiento con TC, gammagrafía ósea y analíticas, sin evidencia de progresión tumoral hasta la fecha. En la última TC (febrero de 2015) persistían las lesiones óseas conocidas, pero sin evidencia de progresión de la enfermedad.

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"y", "tras", "el", "tercer", "ciclo", "comienza", "a", "presentar", "un", "aumento", "exponencial", "de", "las", "cifras", "plaquetarias", "y", "de", "hemoglobina", ",", "al", "igual", "que", "progresivamente", "presentaba", "un", "descenso", "de", "marcadores", "de", "hemólisis", "(", "LDH", "y", "bilirrubina", ")", ",", "hasta", "lograr", "la", "normalización", "de", "todos", "los", "valores", ".", "En", "general", ",", "la", "quimioterapia", "fue", "muy", "bien", "tolerada", "por", "parte", "del", "paciente", ",", "presentando", "astenia", "grado", "1", "como", "toxicidad", "relevante", "al", "inicio", ";", "posteriormente", "se", "suspendió", "el", "oxaliplatino", "tras", "el", "15º", "ciclo", "por", "neuropatía", "grado", "2", "persistente", ".", "\n", "En", "cuanto", "a", "la", "clínica", "de", "dolor", ",", "el", "paciente", "requirió", "inicialmente", "dosis", "altas", "de", "fentanilo", "transdérmico", "con", "frecuentes", "rescates", "de", "fentanilo", "transmucoso", "para", 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[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]

Female is a Person, between 16 and 40 years is a Value, women is a Person, older than 40 years is a Value, cessation of ovarian function is a Condition, before the age of 40 years is a Value, increased is a Value, levels of FSH is a Measurement, Primary or secondary is a Scope, amenorrhea is a Condition, for more than three months is a Temporal, LH and FSH is a Scope, > 30mUI / ml is a Value, No is a Negation, fragile X syndrome in the family or blepharophimosis syndrome is a Scope, At least two is a Multiplier, Caucasian is a Condition, presence of cycles is a Condition, until the age of 40 years is a Value, Amenorrhea is a Condition, FSH is a Measurement, > 30mUI / ml is a Value, Women is a Person, Caucasian origin is a Condition, Women is a Person, who had regular cycles until at least age 40 is a Condition, autoimmune is a Condition, no is a Negation, history is a Observation, thyroid disease or diabetes type 1 is a Scope

NCT01177891_inc_task0

Sentence: Patients of familial cases of POF : Female subjects between 16 and 40 years or women older than 40 years with a cessation of ovarian function before the age of 40 years with increased levels of FSH Primary or secondary amenorrhea for more than three months with LH and FSH> 30mUI/ml No cases of fragile X syndrome in the family or blepharophimosis syndrome At least two cases in the family Origin Caucasian Patient signing the consent form for at least the blood sample Patient with Social Security Population Index related topics : The presence of cycles until the age of 40 years with proven fertility, at least one child Amenorrhea and FSH> 30mUI/ml according to the criteria of the index subject Men of the family of index case Population control : Women of Caucasian origin Women who had regular cycles until at least age 40 and at least one child Lack of land autoimmune (no history of thyroid disease or diabetes type 1) Woman signing the consent form for at least the blood sample Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Temporal, Condition, Value, Person, Observation, Multiplier, Negation, Scope, Measurement

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Patients of familial cases of POF : Female subjects between 16 and 40 years or women older than 40 years with a cessation of ovarian function before the age of 40 years with increased levels of FSH Primary or secondary amenorrhea for more than three months with LH and FSH> 30mUI/ml No cases of fragile X syndrome in the family or blepharophimosis syndrome At least two cases in the family Origin Caucasian Patient signing the consent form for at least the blood sample Patient with Social Security Population Index related topics : The presence of cycles until the age of 40 years with proven fertility, at least one child Amenorrhea and FSH> 30mUI/ml according to the criteria of the index subject Men of the family of index case Population control : Women of Caucasian origin Women who had regular cycles until at least age 40 and at least one child Lack of land autoimmune (no history of thyroid disease or diabetes type 1) Woman signing the consent form for at least the blood sample

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[ "Scope", "Condition", "Value", "Temporal", "Measurement", "Observation", "Multiplier", "Qualifier", "Person", "Reference_point", "Negation" ]

Female is a Person, between 16 and 40 years is a Value, women is a Person, older than 40 years is a Value, cessation of ovarian function is a Condition, before the age of 40 years is a Value, increased is a Value, levels of FSH is a Measurement, Primary or secondary is a Scope, amenorrhea is a Condition, for more than three months is a Temporal, LH and FSH is a Scope, > 30mUI / ml is a Value, No is a Negation, fragile X syndrome in the family or blepharophimosis syndrome is a Scope, At least two is a Multiplier, Caucasian is a Condition, presence of cycles is a Condition, until the age of 40 years is a Value, Amenorrhea is a Condition, FSH is a Measurement, > 30mUI / ml is a Value, Women is a Person, Caucasian origin is a Condition, Women is a Person, who had regular cycles until at least age 40 is a Condition, autoimmune is a Condition, no is a Negation, history is a Observation, thyroid disease or diabetes type 1 is a Scope

NCT01177891_inc_task1

Sentence: Patients of familial cases of POF : Female subjects between 16 and 40 years or women older than 40 years with a cessation of ovarian function before the age of 40 years with increased levels of FSH Primary or secondary amenorrhea for more than three months with LH and FSH> 30mUI/ml No cases of fragile X syndrome in the family or blepharophimosis syndrome At least two cases in the family Origin Caucasian Patient signing the consent form for at least the blood sample Patient with Social Security Population Index related topics : The presence of cycles until the age of 40 years with proven fertility, at least one child Amenorrhea and FSH> 30mUI/ml according to the criteria of the index subject Men of the family of index case Population control : Women of Caucasian origin Women who had regular cycles until at least age 40 and at least one child Lack of land autoimmune (no history of thyroid disease or diabetes type 1) Woman signing the consent form for at least the blood sample Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Female, between 16 and 40 years, women, older than 40 years, cessation of ovarian function, before the age of 40 years, increased, levels of FSH, Primary or secondary, amenorrhea, for more than three months, LH and FSH, > 30mUI / ml, No, fragile X syndrome in the family or blepharophimosis syndrome, At least two, Caucasian, presence of cycles, until the age of 40 years, Amenorrhea, FSH, > 30mUI / ml, Women, Caucasian origin, Women, who had regular cycles until at least age 40, autoimmune, no, history, thyroid disease or diabetes type 1 Options: Temporal, Condition, Value, Person, Observation, Multiplier, Negation, Scope, Measurement

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Patients of familial cases of POF : Female subjects between 16 and 40 years or women older than 40 years with a cessation of ovarian function before the age of 40 years with increased levels of FSH Primary or secondary amenorrhea for more than three months with LH and FSH> 30mUI/ml No cases of fragile X syndrome in the family or blepharophimosis syndrome At least two cases in the family Origin Caucasian Patient signing the consent form for at least the blood sample Patient with Social Security Population Index related topics : The presence of cycles until the age of 40 years with proven fertility, at least one child Amenorrhea and FSH> 30mUI/ml according to the criteria of the index subject Men of the family of index case Population control : Women of Caucasian origin Women who had regular cycles until at least age 40 and at least one child Lack of land autoimmune (no history of thyroid disease or diabetes type 1) Woman signing the consent form for at least the blood sample

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