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the film 's world premiere was april 11 2012 at hollywood 's el capitan theatre the avengers closed the 11th annual tribeca film festival with a screening on april 28 2012 the film received an expanded one @@ week theatrical push for the 2012 us labor day weekend increasing the number of theaters from 123 to 1 @@ 700
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= = = marketing = = =
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the film was promoted at the 2010 san diego comic @@ con international during which a teaser trailer narrated by samuel l jackson was shown followed by an introduction of the cast in june 2011 marvel studios announced that it would not hold a panel at the 2011 san diego comic @@ con international after studio executives decided it was not prepared to compete with its own past and fan expectations with filming still in production in july 2011 a teaser trailer that was meant to be the post @@ credits scene of captain america the first avenger was briefly leaked online entertainment weekly speculated it came from a preview screening and described the footage as shaky fuzzy flickering and obviously filmed on a cell phone
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in august 2011 walt disney pictures pixar animation studios and marvel studios presented a look at walt disney studios ' upcoming film slate which included the avengers at the d23 expo in anaheim california the presentation featured footage from the film and appearances by the cast members later in august disney dismissed marvel 's executive vice president of worldwide marketing vice president of worldwide marketing and manager of worldwide marketing to bring their functions in @@ house
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in october 2011 marvel studios held a presentation at the new york comic con that featured new footage and a panel discussion including producer kevin feige and several cast members the first full @@ length trailer was also released in october comic book resources said the two @@ minute teaser handily establishes the movie 's premise and is heavy on the assembling but fans are also treated to plenty of action as well glimpses [ sic ] of iron man 's new armor and best of all the new take on the incredible hulk naturally robert downey jr ' s tony stark gets the best lines however the hollywood reporter called it awesome or it would be if we hadn 't seen all of this before and expected every single thing that we saw in the trailer the trailer which debuted exclusively on itunes movie trailers was downloaded over 10 million times in its first 24 hours breaking the website 's record for the most @@ viewed trailer this record was surpassed by the trailer for the dark knight rises which was downloaded more than 12 @@ 5 million times in its first 24 hours the trailer received 20 @@ 4 million views in the 24 hours after it debuted a second full @@ length trailer was released on itunes in february 2012 reaching a record 13 @@ 7 million downloads in 24 hours the theatrical trailers of the avengers appeared with many films including mission impossible ghost protocol 21 jump street and the hunger games
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in january 2012 marvel studios held a global twitter chat the 30 @@ minute live tweeting event featured writer / director joss whedon cast members samuel l jackson tom hiddleston and clark gregg and a 10 @@ second tease of the 30 @@ second super bowl commercial that would air during super bowl xlvi in february according to the los angeles times disney paid an estimated $ 4 million for the 30 @@ second spot on may 1 2012 executives from marvel studios along with actors tom hiddleston and clark gregg rang the opening bell of the new york stock exchange in honor of the film 's theatrical release
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= = = = tie @@ in comics = = = =
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in december 2011 marvel announced that an eight @@ issue comic @@ book prelude to the film written by christopher yost and eric pearson with art by luke ross and daniel hdr would be released in march 2012 in february 2012 marvel announced the release of a second limited series comic book tie @@ in black widow strikes written by fred van lente who wrote captain america first vengeance the comic @@ book prequel to captain america the first avenger the story is set between iron man 2 and the avengers and follows black widow as she runs down some loose ends from iron man 2 additionally the title avengers assemble was launched in march 2012 written by brian michael bendis with art by mark bagley and features the same avengers line @@ up as the film battling a new incarnation of the supervillain team zodiac
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= = = = promotional partners = = = =
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paul gitter marvel entertainment 's president of consumer products commented that the build @@ up to the film helped strengthen retail partnerships retailers have been less tolerant with [ intellectual property ] films so we decided that if we started on this coordinated strategy several years ago retailers would give us shelf space throughout the years and we would have a more sustainable position in the marketplace
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in september 2011 set photos of robert downey jr driving a new model acura were published online an acura spokesperson later released a statement confirming the company 's involvement with the film as you may know acura has been in the marvel comics universe films as the official car of their fictional law enforcement agency called shield that relationship continues for the avengers the open @@ top sports car that was photographed yesterday is a one @@ off fictional car that was made just for the movie and will not be produced that said as you may also know our ceo has said publicly that we are studying the development of a new sportscar but we can 't say any more about it at this time in december 2011 acura announced that a new nsx styled along the lines of the concept built for the avengers would be unveiled at the 2012 north american international auto show a series of 10 shield suvs based on the acura mdx with modifications by cinema vehicle services were also made for the film
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in february 2012 it was announced that marvel has partnered with fragrance company <unk> to promote the avengers with character @@ based fragrances the announcement was just ahead of the toy industry association 's annual february exhibition where representatives held a sampling booth of the products other promotional partners include bracelet @@ maker <unk> dr pepper farmers insurance harley @@ davidson hershey land o <unk> <unk> oracle red baron pizza symantec visa and wyndham hotels & resorts in total marvel and its parent @@ company disney secured an estimated $ 100 million in worldwide marketing support for the film notable exclusions include baskin @@ robbins burger king and dunkin ' donuts who had partnered with marvel in the past when their films were distributed by paramount disney does not generally promote through fast food outlets
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= = = = video game = = = =
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a video game based on the film was planned for concurrent release the game was to be a first @@ person shooter / brawler for the xbox 360 playstation 3 wii u and microsoft windows and published by thq with thq studio australia developing the console versions and blue tongue entertainment the pc version after thq closed both studios the game was cancelled intellectual property rights for an avengers video game reverted to marvel which said it was exploring potential publishing and licensing opportunities
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in may 2012 ubisoft and marvel entertainment announced that they were partnering to develop a motion @@ controlled game titled marvel avengers battle for earth for the wii u and xbox 360 kinect the game was inspired by the secret invasion storyline and features 20 different characters marvel also announced a four @@ chapter mobile game titled avengers initiative with one chapter focusing on each of hulk captain america thor and iron man
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= = = home media = = =
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the film was released by walt disney studios home entertainment on blu @@ ray disc blu @@ ray 3d dvd and digital download on september 25 2012 in the united states and as early as august 29 2012 in various international markets producer kevin feige said the blu @@ ray features a new marvel one @@ shot titled item 47 and a number of deleted scenes and a few storylines that fell by the wayside during the editing process including a few more scenes with the shield agent maria hill played by cobie smulders and some slightly different versions of maria hill and nick fury 's interaction with the world security council
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the film was also collected in a 10 @@ disc box set titled marvel cinematic universe phase one avengers assembled which includes all of the phase one films in the marvel cinematic universe it was released on april 2 2013
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some fans have criticized the uk dvd and blu @@ ray release for omitting joss whedon 's audio commentary and for altering the scene involving phil coulson 's death from the film 's theatrical version disney 's uk division said the less graphic depiction of agent coulson 's confrontation with loki occurred because [ e ] ach country has its own compliance issues relative to depictions of violence unfortunately another region 's elements were inadvertently used to create the uk in @@ home release
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upon its first week of release on home media in the us the film topped the nielsen videoscan first alert chart which tracks overall disc sales as well as the dedicated blu @@ ray disc sales chart with 72 of unit sales coming from blu @@ ray a record for a new release in which both the dvd and blu @@ ray formats were released simultaneously
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= = reception = =
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= = = box office = = =
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the avengers grossed $ 623 @@ 4 million in north america and $ 895 @@ 2 million in other countries for a worldwide total of $ 1 @@ 518 billion it became the third highest @@ grossing film worldwide as well as highest @@ grossing 2012 film it is the highest @@ grossing comic @@ book adaptation the highest grossing superhero film and the second highest @@ grossing film ever released by walt disney studios the film 's worldwide opening of $ 392 @@ 5 million is the fourth largest the avengers also became the fifth film distributed by disney and the twelfth film overall to earn more than $ 1 billion it reached this milestone in 19 days matching the record for speed previously set by avatar and deathly hallows part 2 its grosses exceeded its estimated $ 220 million production cost 12 days after its release it was the first marvel production to generate $ 1 billion in ticket sales
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= = = = north america = = = =
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the film became the third highest @@ grossing film the highest @@ grossing 2012 film the highest grossing film distributed by disney the highest @@ grossing superhero film and the highest @@ grossing film based on comics it opened friday may 4 2012 on around 11 @@ 800 screens across 4 @@ 349 theaters and earned $ 80 @@ 8 million marking the second @@ biggest opening and second @@ biggest single @@ day gross the film 's friday gross included an $ 18 @@ 7 million midnight run a record for a superhero film without midnight grosses the film earned the largest opening @@ day gross ( $ 62 @@ 1 million ) it also set a <unk> and sunday @@ gross record ( $ 69 @@ 6 million and $ 57 @@ 1 million respectively ) in total it earned a total of $ 207 @@ 438 @@ 708 for its debut weekend setting an opening @@ weekend record including an imax opening @@ weekend record of $ 15 @@ 3 million and a record for opening @@ weekend grosses originating from 3d showings ( $ 108 million ) the opening @@ weekend audience was evenly split among those under and over the age of 25 with 60 of the audience male 55 couples 24 families and 21 teenagers earning $ 103 @@ 1 million on its second weekend the film set a record for the largest second @@ weekend gross other records set by the film include the biggest weekend per @@ theater average for a wide release ( $ 47 @@ 698 per theater ) the fastest film to reach $ 100 million and each additional $ 50 million through $ 550 million and the largest cumulative gross through every day of release until and including its forty @@ third day ( with the exception of its first day ) it was in first place at the north american box office for three consecutive weekends the film set a record for the highest monthly share with its $ 532 @@ 5 million total ( through may 31 2012 ) accounting for 52 of the total earnings at the north american box office during may
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= = = = = records = = = = =
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the following are records set by the film upon its theatrical release
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= = = = outside north america = = = =
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the film became the third @@ highest grossing film the highest @@ grossing disney @@ distributed film the highest @@ grossing 2012 film and the highest @@ grossing superhero film it opened wednesday april 25 2012 in 10 countries earning $ 17 @@ 1 million it opened in 29 more countries on april 26 and 27 earning $ 73 @@ 1 million in three days through sunday april 29 it earned an opening @@ weekend total of $ 185 @@ 1 million from 39 countries it was in first place at the box office outside north america for four consecutive weekends the film set opening @@ day records in new zealand malaysia and iceland a single @@ day record in the philippines as well as both single and opening @@ day records in singapore and in thailand it also earned the second highest @@ grossing opening day in australia ( $ 6 @@ 2 million ) behind deathly hallows part 2 in mexico in the philippines and in vietnam it set opening @@ weekend records in many territories including mexico brazil ecuador bolivia taiwan the philippines hong kong the united arab emirates argentina peru and central america it also earned the second largest five @@ day opening in australia ( $ 20 @@ 2 million )
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in the uk ireland and malta the film earned £ 2 @@ 5 million ( $ 4 @@ 1 million ) on its opening day and £ 15 @@ 8 million ( $ 25 @@ 7 million ) during the weekend setting an opening @@ weekend record for a superhero film it became the market 's highest @@ grossing superhero film in latin america it became the highest @@ grossing film ( $ 207 million ) and the first film to earn more than $ 200 million it also became the highest @@ grossing film in the philippines in singapore and in indonesia
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= = = critical response = = =
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the review aggregator website rotten tomatoes reported a 92 approval rating with an average rating of 8 / 10 based on 315 reviews the website 's consensus reads thanks to a script that emphasizes its heroes ' humanity and a wealth of superpowered set pieces the avengers lives up to its hype and raises the bar for marvel at the movies on metacritic the film achieved an average score of 69 out of 100 based on 43 reviews signifying generally favorable reviews cinemascore reported that audiences gave the film a rare a + grade
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todd mccarthy of the hollywood reporter gave a positive review of the film remarking it 's clamorous the save @@ the @@ world story is one everyone 's seen time and again and the characters have been around for more than half a century in 500 comic book issues but whedon and his cohorts have managed to stir all the personalities and ingredients together so that the resulting dish however familiar is irresistibly tasty again to rolling stone journalist peter travers the film epitomized an exceptional blockbuster it 's also the blockbuster travers said i saw in my head when i imagined a movie that brought together the idols of the marvel world in one shiny stupendously exciting package it 's transformers with a brain a heart and a working sense of humor justin chang of variety wrote like a superior state @@ of @@ the @@ art model built from reconstituted parts joss whedon 's buoyant witty and robustly entertaining superhero smash @@ up is escapism of a sophisticated order boasting a tonal assurance and rich reserves of humor that offset the potentially lumbering and unavoidably formulaic aspects of this 143 @@ minute team @@ origin story kenneth turan of the los angeles times complimented the film 's frenetic pace while roger ebert of the chicago sun @@ times commented that it provides its fans with exactly what they desire whether it is exactly what they deserve is arguable conversely a o scott of the new york times believed that while the avengers is hardly worth raging about its failures are significant and dispiriting the light amusing bits cannot overcome the grinding hectic emptiness the bloated cynicism that is less a shortcoming of this particular film than a feature of the genre
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the performances of several cast members was a frequent topic in the critiques in particular mark ruffalo 's portrayal of dr bruce banner / the hulk was well @@ received by commentators joe neumaier opined that his performance was superior to the rest of the cast ruffalo is the revelation turning banner into a wry reservoir of calm ready to become a volcano similarly the new yorker 's anthony lane proclaimed ruffalo 's acting to be one of the film 's highlights alongside downey the village voice 's karina longworth concluded ruffalo successfully refreshes the hulk myth playing banner as an adorably bashful nerd @@ genius who in contrast to the preening hunks on the team knows better than to draw attention to himself travers asserted that the actor resonated a scruffy warmth and humor vibe while turan felt that he surpassed predecessors edward norton and eric bana in playing the character owen gleiberman of entertainment weekly wrote that the smartest thing the filmmakers did was to get mark ruffalo to play bruce banner as a man so sensitive that he 's at war every moment with himself ( the film finally solves the hulk problem he 's a lot more fun in small doses )
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referring to downey joe <unk> of the wall street journal despite complimenting downey 's performance favored his work in iron man over his acting in the avengers his iron man is certainly a team player but mr downey comes to the party with two insuperable superpowers a character of established sophistication the industrialist / inventor tony stark a sharp @@ tongued man of the world and his own quicksilver presence that finds its finest expression in self @@ irony neumaier praised evans stating that he accurately conveyed his character 's internal conflicts
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commentators appreciated the character development and dialogue associated press reviewer christy lemire wrote that the script sparkles as brightly as the special effects these people may be wearing ridiculous costumes but they 're well fleshed @@ out underneath scott suggested that certain parts of the film permeated a charm that he felt was similar to the western film rio bravo ( 1959 ) longworth felt that while whedon 's script demonstrated the backstory of the characters the film does not explore it in a substantive way
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= = = accolades = = =
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the avengers has garnered numerous awards and nominations including an academy award nomination for best visual effects and a british academy film award nomination for best special visual effects the film has also been nominated for three critics ' choice movie awards thirteen people 's choice awards ( winning three ) eleven teen choice awards ( winning two ) six saturn awards ( winning four ) and six ves awards ( winning two ) as well as the 2013 hugo award for best dramatic presentation long form
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= = sequels = =
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= = = avengers age of ultron = = =
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a sequel titled avengers age of ultron written and directed by whedon was released on may 1 2015 much of the cast returns with the addition of elizabeth olsen as scarlet witch aaron taylor @@ johnson as quicksilver paul bettany as vision and james spader as ultron
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= = = avengers infinity war = = =
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the two @@ part avengers infinity war will be directed by anthony and joe russo from a script by christopher markus & stephen mcfeely part 1 is scheduled to be released on may 4 2018 with part 2 scheduled for may 3 2019
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= secrets of a successful marriage =
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secrets of a successful marriage is the twenty @@ second and final episode of the simpsons ' fifth season it originally aired on the fox network in the united states on may 19 1994 in the episode homer fears he may be a little slow so he goes to the adult education center while there he decides to teach a class of his own on the secrets of a successful marriage since that is the only class he is qualified to teach however to keep his students interested he is forced to tell personal secrets about his wife marge which she dislikes leading up to homer getting kicked out of the house
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the episode was written by greg daniels and directed by carlos baeza it features cultural references to the plays cat on a hot tin roof and a streetcar named desire and the films and justice for all a few good men patton and chinatown the episode has been analyzed in books such as leaving springfield and education in popular culture since airing the episode has received mostly positive reviews from television critics it acquired a nielsen rating of 9 @@ 8 and was the second highest @@ rated show on the fox network the week it aired
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= = plot = =
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after homer realizes that he is slow marge recommends that he take an adult education course at the annex center down at the center however homer changes his mind and decides to become a teacher he talks to the administrator and accepts an opening to teach a class on having a successful marriage despite being confident that he can pull it off he is frightened on his first day and is unable to help his pupils with their relationship problems the class collectively gets up to leave but when homer mentions his conversation with marge in bed the class decides to stay eager to hear gossip marge soon discovers that everyone in town knows her personal secrets reacting by confronting homer about it and he promises to stop he instead continues telling her secrets anyway homer then takes the night off teaching class by having his class observe the family over dinner
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marge finally loses her temper and sends homer and the class out of the house when homer tries to get back in marge stops him saying she can no longer trust him and refuses to let him back in homeless homer stays in bart 's tree house marge tries to reassure bart and lisa that she and homer love the children despite their current situation but lisa and bart are worried their parents will get divorced marge tries to get advice from reverend lovejoy who tells her to get a divorce
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while homer longs for his wife moe comes by the simpsons ' house to declare his interest in marge who turns him down when homer comes into the house with flowers he picked for marge moe sees him and jumps out the window standing before her in rags homer professes his total and utter dependency on marge and she tells him that that is not a good thing but homer then makes his winning argument he loves her he needs her to love him and can not afford to ever lose her trust again or he will end up dead marge is won over and allows homer to return to the house the family is glad that he has returned although moe is less than thrilled
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= = production = =
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the episode was written by greg daniels and directed by carlos baeza it was the second script daniels wrote for the show he thought the staff had previously done many episodes where homer wasn 't good at anything so he tried to figure out something homer was really good at and he came up with the idea of homer being a good husband while bart had been the star of the show during the early years by season 5 the focus had clearly shifted to homer writer / showrunner al jean stated that because homer is an adult character he has more depth to him and thus storyline possibilities showrunner david mirkin commented bart to write him accurately as a child he can only have so much depth at a certain age with homer we try to explore all levels of adulthood there are just more places to go writing homer properly is the trick he 's our main rock of the whole series homer 's iq is fairly flexible he won 't necessarily understand how to open a door at some point but he can name the supreme court justices finding that balance is key to making the show work and making it surprising and making it believable and emotionally grounded mirkin was very fond of the fact that homer and marge have the biggest fight they have ever had on the show in the episode and he thought it was a really great exploration of their marriage he noticed that because homer is thrown out of the house the audience really worry about their relationship mirkin had been asked many times why marge and homer are still together to which he replied that all people stay together even if they argue there 's some sort of connection
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= = cultural references = =
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homer sings the end of the theme song to family ties while talking to an administrator at the annex center smithers 's recollection of his marriage parodies the two plays cat on a hot tin roof and a streetcar named desire both written by american playwright tennessee williams homer 's bedroom rant to marge is a parody mishmash of four popular films and justice for all ( 1979 ) a few good men ( 1992 ) patton ( 1970 ) and chinatown ( 1974 ) he says look marge you don 't know what it 's like i 'm the one out there every day putting his ass on the line and i 'm not out of order you 're out of order the whole freaking system is out of order you want the truth you want the truth you can 't handle the truth ' cause when you reach over and put your hand into a pile of goo that was your best friend 's face you 'll know what to do forget it marge it 's chinatown all of which are lines from those films
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= = analysis = =
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it was revealed in a flashback in the episode that smithers was briefly married to a woman but the two split up when he devoted too much time to his boss mr burns smithers 's relationship with mr burns has long been a running joke on the simpsons his sexual orientation has often come into question with some fans claiming he is a burns @@ sexual and only attracted to his boss while others maintain that he is without a doubt gay matthew henry wrote in the book leaving springfield that this episode is perhaps the best example of an attempt to portray an actual gay lifestyle on the show henry added that the flashback is a wonderfully rendered parody of scenes from two of tennessee williams 's most famous plays cat on a hot tin roof and a streetcar named desire to fully appreciate it one must know something of not only the two plays cited but also of williams himself of his own struggles with both heterosexual and homosexual desires and the way in which these struggles were incorporated into his art the creators of the simpsons offer what i think is a perfect parallel for the relationship between smithers and mr burns by combining williams 's two most notable male characters and their defining characteristics the suppressed homosexual desire of brick and desperate dependence of stanley
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in their book education in popular culture alma harris roy fisher ann harris and christine jarvis analyzes the adult education aspects of this episode that portrays adult learners as stupid and lazy after homer is appointed as a teacher he feels immensely proud and boasts to all his acquaintances about it initially making it seem like if the show is indicating that adult education tutors have a relatively high status in society however the authors added homer 's pride is undercut for the audience by the awareness of how he came to be appointed and by the subsequent representation of the adult education center it seems that anyone can become a tutor [ ] homer 's fellow tutors are drunks incompetents and down @@ and @@ outs adult education is therefore presented as an amateur business staffed by the dregs of society the writers of the book thought the whole idea of storytelling and building on experience that homer uses and that many adult education tutors uses in real life is represented in the episode simply as an excuse for gossip and prurient curiosity they also thought that statements like i can 't believe i paid ten thousand dollars for this course what the heck was the lab fee for imply that adult education is exploitative and poor value for money and that the students themselves contribute to this by demanding an essentially recreational service the authors concluded that the episode certainly sustains a popular view of adult education as pointless and recreational similarly no value whatsoever is attributed to the extensively researched proven through practice and well @@ argued perspective that adult learners do best when the curriculum builds on and values their experience
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= = reception = =
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