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naphtha
any of various volatile flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixtures; used chiefly as solvents
naphtha: any of various volatile flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixtures; used chiefly as solvents
naphthalene
a white crystalline strong-smelling hydrocarbon made from coal tar or petroleum and used in organic synthesis and as a fumigant in mothballs
naphthalene: a white crystalline strong-smelling hydrocarbon made from coal tar or petroleum and used in organic synthesis and as a fumigant in mothballs
naphthol
either of two phenols derived from naphthalene
naphthol: either of two phenols derived from naphthalene
pyrene
a pale yellow crystalline hydrocarbon C16H10 extracted from coal tar
pyrene: a pale yellow crystalline hydrocarbon C16H10 extracted from coal tar
man-made_fiber
fiber created from natural materials or by chemical processes
man-made_fiber: fiber created from natural materials or by chemical processes
natural_fiber
fiber derived from plants or animals
natural_fiber: fiber derived from plants or animals
animal_fiber
fiber derived from animals
animal_fiber: fiber derived from animals
plant_fiber
fiber derived from plants
plant_fiber: fiber derived from plants
straw
plant fiber used e.g. for making baskets and hats or as fodder
straw: plant fiber used e.g. for making baskets and hats or as fodder
natural_gas
a fossil fuel in the gaseous state; used for cooking and heating homes
natural_gas: a fossil fuel in the gaseous state; used for cooking and heating homes
naval_brass
alpha-beta brass containing tin; resistant to sea water; Admiralty Metal is a trademark
naval_brass: alpha-beta brass containing tin; resistant to sea water; Admiralty Metal is a trademark
neat's-foot_oil
a pale yellow oil made from the feet and legs of cattle; used as a dressing for leather
neat's-foot_oil: a pale yellow oil made from the feet and legs of cattle; used as a dressing for leather
nebula
a medicinal liquid preparation intended for use in an atomizer
nebula: a medicinal liquid preparation intended for use in an atomizer
nerve_gas
a toxic gas that is inhaled or absorbed through the skin and has harmful effects on the nervous and respiratory system
nerve_gas: a toxic gas that is inhaled or absorbed through the skin and has harmful effects on the nervous and respiratory system
VX_gas
a highly lethal nerve agent used in chemical warfare; a toxic liquid that penetrates the skin or lungs to disrupt the nervous system and stop respiration; in combat VX gas is deployed by detonating a container over the target area and can persist in the environment up to several weeks after release
VX_gas: a highly lethal nerve agent used in chemical warfare; a toxic liquid that penetrates the skin or lungs to disrupt the nervous system and stop respiration; in combat VX gas is deployed by detonating a container over the target area and can persist in the environment up to several weeks after release
sarin
a highly toxic chemical nerve agent that inhibits the activity of cholinesterase
sarin: a highly toxic chemical nerve agent that inhibits the activity of cholinesterase
neuromuscular_blocking_agent
a substance that interferes with the neural transmission between motor neurons and skeletal muscles
neuromuscular_blocking_agent: a substance that interferes with the neural transmission between motor neurons and skeletal muscles
newspaper
cheap paper made from wood pulp and used for printing newspapers
newspaper: cheap paper made from wood pulp and used for printing newspapers
Nichrome
an alloy of nickel and chromium with high electrical resistance and an ability to withstand high temperatures; used for resistance heating elements
Nichrome: an alloy of nickel and chromium with high electrical resistance and an ability to withstand high temperatures; used for resistance heating elements
nickel-base_alloy
an alloy whose main constituent is nickel
nickel-base_alloy: an alloy whose main constituent is nickel
nickel_bronze
a bronze containing up to 30% nickel
nickel_bronze: a bronze containing up to 30% nickel
nickel_silver
a silver-white alloy containing copper and zinc and nickel
nickel_silver: a silver-white alloy containing copper and zinc and nickel
nickel_steel
an alloy steel containing nickel
nickel_steel: an alloy steel containing nickel
nicotinamide_adenine_dinucleotide
a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; serves as a reductant in various metabolic processes
nicotinamide_adenine_dinucleotide: a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; serves as a reductant in various metabolic processes
nicotinamide_adenine_dinucleotide_phosphate
a coenzyme similar to NAD and present in most living cells but serves as a reductant in different metabolic processes
nicotinamide_adenine_dinucleotide_phosphate: a coenzyme similar to NAD and present in most living cells but serves as a reductant in different metabolic processes
Ni-hard
cast iron to which nickel has been added to make it resist abrasion
Ni-hard: cast iron to which nickel has been added to make it resist abrasion
Ni-resist
cast iron consisting of graphite in a matrix of austenite
Ni-resist: cast iron consisting of graphite in a matrix of austenite
nitride
a compound containing nitrogen and a more electropositive element (such as phosphorus or a metal)
nitride: a compound containing nitrogen and a more electropositive element (such as phosphorus or a metal)
nitrobenzene
a poisonous oily water-soluble liquid used as a solvent and in the manufacture of aniline
nitrobenzene: a poisonous oily water-soluble liquid used as a solvent and in the manufacture of aniline
nitrofuran
derivative of furan used to inhibit bacterial growth
nitrofuran: derivative of furan used to inhibit bacterial growth
nitrogenase
an enzyme of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms that catalyzes the conversion of nitrogen to ammonia
nitrogenase: an enzyme of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms that catalyzes the conversion of nitrogen to ammonia
nuclease
general term for enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nucleic acid by cleaving chains of nucleotides into smaller units
nuclease: general term for enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nucleic acid by cleaving chains of nucleotides into smaller units
nucleic_acid
(biochemistry) any of various macromolecules composed of nucleotide chains that are vital constituents of all living cells
nucleic_acid: (biochemistry) any of various macromolecules composed of nucleotide chains that are vital constituents of all living cells
nucleoside
a glycoside formed by partial hydrolysis of a nucleic acid
nucleoside: a glycoside formed by partial hydrolysis of a nucleic acid
nucleotide
a phosphoric ester of a nucleoside; the basic structural unit of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)
nucleotide: a phosphoric ester of a nucleoside; the basic structural unit of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)
nurse_log
a large decomposing tree trunk that has fallen, usually in a forest; the decaying wood provides moisture and nutrients for a variety of insects and plants
nurse_log: a large decomposing tree trunk that has fallen, usually in a forest; the decaying wood provides moisture and nutrients for a variety of insects and plants
cellulose_acetate
an ester of acetic acid; used in fibers and fabrics; photographic films and varnishes
cellulose_acetate: an ester of acetic acid; used in fibers and fabrics; photographic films and varnishes
cellulose_triacetate
cellulose acetate that is relatively slow to burn; used instead of celluloid for motion-picture film
cellulose_triacetate: cellulose acetate that is relatively slow to burn; used instead of celluloid for motion-picture film
celluloid
highly flammable substance made from cellulose nitrate and camphor; used in e.g. motion-picture and X-ray film; its use has decreased with the development of nonflammable thermoplastics
celluloid: highly flammable substance made from cellulose nitrate and camphor; used in e.g. motion-picture and X-ray film; its use has decreased with the development of nonflammable thermoplastics
cellulose_xanthate
a cellulose ester obtained by treating cellulose with caustic soda
cellulose_xanthate: a cellulose ester obtained by treating cellulose with caustic soda
acrylic_fiber
polymerized from acrylonitrile
acrylic_fiber: polymerized from acrylonitrile
polyamide
a polymer containing repeated amide groups
polyamide: a polymer containing repeated amide groups
nylon
a thermoplastic polyamide; a family of strong resilient synthetic fibers
nylon: a thermoplastic polyamide; a family of strong resilient synthetic fibers
oakum
loose hemp or jute fiber obtained by unravelling old ropes; when impregnated with tar it was used to caulk seams and pack joints in wooden ships
oakum: loose hemp or jute fiber obtained by unravelling old ropes; when impregnated with tar it was used to caulk seams and pack joints in wooden ships
octane
any isomeric saturated hydrocarbon found in petroleum and used as a fuel and solvent
octane: any isomeric saturated hydrocarbon found in petroleum and used as a fuel and solvent
oil
a slippery or viscous liquid or liquefiable substance not miscible with water
oil: a slippery or viscous liquid or liquefiable substance not miscible with water
fixed_oil
nonvolatile animal or plant oil
fixed_oil: nonvolatile animal or plant oil
fusel_oil
a mixture of amyl alcohols and propanol and butanol formed from distillation of fermented liquors
fusel_oil: a mixture of amyl alcohols and propanol and butanol formed from distillation of fermented liquors
gas_oil
an oil formed through distillation of petroleum of intermediate boiling range and viscosity
gas_oil: an oil formed through distillation of petroleum of intermediate boiling range and viscosity
stand_oil
a thick oil comprised of linseed, tung, or soya oils which have been heated to over 300 C
stand_oil: a thick oil comprised of linseed, tung, or soya oils which have been heated to over 300 C
neroli_oil
an odoriferous yellow oil found in orange flowers and used in perfumery and as a flavoring
neroli_oil: an odoriferous yellow oil found in orange flowers and used in perfumery and as a flavoring
tall_oil
an oil derived from wood pulp and used in making soaps or lubricants
tall_oil: an oil derived from wood pulp and used in making soaps or lubricants
oil-hardened_steel
steel that is quenched in oil
oil-hardened_steel: steel that is quenched in oil
oilpaper
paper that has been made translucent and waterproof by soaking in oil
oilpaper: paper that has been made translucent and waterproof by soaking in oil
oleic_acid
a colorless oily liquid occurring as a glyceride; it is the major fatty acid in olive oil and canola oil; used in making soap and cosmetics and ointments and lubricating oils
oleic_acid: a colorless oily liquid occurring as a glyceride; it is the major fatty acid in olive oil and canola oil; used in making soap and cosmetics and ointments and lubricating oils
oleo_oil
obtained from beef fat; used in making margarine and soap and in lubrication
oleo_oil: obtained from beef fat; used in making margarine and soap and in lubrication
oleoresin_capiscum
an oleoresin extracted from the capsicum pepper plant
oleoresin_capiscum: an oleoresin extracted from the capsicum pepper plant
oligosaccharide
any of the carbohydrates that yield only a few monosaccharide molecules on complete hydrolysis
oligosaccharide: any of the carbohydrates that yield only a few monosaccharide molecules on complete hydrolysis
onionskin
a thin strong lightweight translucent paper used especially for making carbon copies
onionskin: a thin strong lightweight translucent paper used especially for making carbon copies
india_paper
a thin tough opaque paper used in fine books
india_paper: a thin tough opaque paper used in fine books
onyx
a chalcedony with alternating black and white bands; used in making cameos
onyx: a chalcedony with alternating black and white bands; used in making cameos
opaque_gem
a gemstone that is opaque
opaque_gem: a gemstone that is opaque
opopanax
an odorous gum resin formerly used in medicines
opopanax: an odorous gum resin formerly used in medicines
organophosphate
an insecticide that interferes with an insect's nervous system
organophosphate: an insecticide that interferes with an insect's nervous system
organophosphate_nerve_agent
any of a series of nerve agents containing organophosphate compounds first synthesized by German chemists in 1936; in World War II the Germans tested them in concentration camps but not on the battlefield; Iraq is alleged to have used them against Iran and against the Kurds
organophosphate_nerve_agent: any of a series of nerve agents containing organophosphate compounds first synthesized by German chemists in 1936; in World War II the Germans tested them in concentration camps but not on the battlefield; Iraq is alleged to have used them against Iran and against the Kurds
ormolu
brass that looks like gold; used to decorate furniture
ormolu: brass that looks like gold; used to decorate furniture
oxalacetate
a salt or ester of oxalacetic acid
oxalacetate: a salt or ester of oxalacetic acid
oxalacetic_acid
an acid formed by oxidation of maleic acid (as in metabolism of fats and carbohydrates)
oxalacetic_acid: an acid formed by oxidation of maleic acid (as in metabolism of fats and carbohydrates)
oxalate
a salt or ester of oxalic acid
oxalate: a salt or ester of oxalic acid
oxalic_acid
a toxic colorless crystalline organic acid found in oxalis and other plants; used as a bleach and rust remover and in chemical analysis
oxalic_acid: a toxic colorless crystalline organic acid found in oxalis and other plants; used as a bleach and rust remover and in chemical analysis
oxidase
any of the enzymes that catalyze biological oxidation
oxidase: any of the enzymes that catalyze biological oxidation
oxidation-reduction_indicator
an indicator that shows a reversible color change between oxidized and reduced forms
oxidation-reduction_indicator: an indicator that shows a reversible color change between oxidized and reduced forms
oxide
any compound of oxygen with another element or a radical
oxide: any compound of oxygen with another element or a radical
oxidoreductase
an enzyme that catalyzes oxidation-reduction
oxidoreductase: an enzyme that catalyzes oxidation-reduction
oxime
any compound containing the group -C=NOH
oxime: any compound containing the group -C=NOH
oxyacetylene
a mixture of oxygen and acetylene; used to create high temperatures for cutting or welding metals
oxyacetylene: a mixture of oxygen and acetylene; used to create high temperatures for cutting or welding metals
oxyacid
any acid that contains oxygen
oxyacid: any acid that contains oxygen
periodic_acid
any acid of iodine that contains oxygen
periodic_acid: any acid of iodine that contains oxygen
oxygenase
an oxidoreductase that catalyzes the incorporation of molecular oxygen
oxygenase: an oxidoreductase that catalyzes the incorporation of molecular oxygen
ozone
a colorless gas (O3) soluble in alkalis and cold water; a strong oxidizing agent; can be produced by electric discharge in oxygen or by the action of ultraviolet radiation on oxygen in the stratosphere (where it acts as a screen for ultraviolet radiation)
ozone: a colorless gas (O3) soluble in alkalis and cold water; a strong oxidizing agent; can be produced by electric discharge in oxygen or by the action of ultraviolet radiation on oxygen in the stratosphere (where it acts as a screen for ultraviolet radiation)
pad
a number of sheets of paper fastened together along one edge
pad: a number of sheets of paper fastened together along one edge
palmitic_acid
a saturated fatty acid that is the major fat in meat and dairy products
palmitic_acid: a saturated fatty acid that is the major fat in meat and dairy products
palmitin
an ester of glycerol and palmitic acid
palmitin: an ester of glycerol and palmitic acid
pantothenic_acid
a vitamin of the vitamin B complex that performs an important role in the oxidation of fats and carbohydrates and certain amino acids; occurs in many foods
pantothenic_acid: a vitamin of the vitamin B complex that performs an important role in the oxidation of fats and carbohydrates and certain amino acids; occurs in many foods
papain
a proteolytic enzyme obtained from the unripe papaya; used as a meat tenderizer
papain: a proteolytic enzyme obtained from the unripe papaya; used as a meat tenderizer
para_aminobenzoic_acid
a metabolic acid found in yeast and liver cells; used to make dyes and drugs and sun blockers
para_aminobenzoic_acid: a metabolic acid found in yeast and liver cells; used to make dyes and drugs and sun blockers
paraquat
a poisonous yellow solid used in solution as a herbicide
paraquat: a poisonous yellow solid used in solution as a herbicide
paper
a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses
paper: a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses
paper_tape
a long narrow strip of paper
paper_tape: a long narrow strip of paper
paper_toweling
absorbent paper used as toweling
paper_toweling: absorbent paper used as toweling
papier-mache
a substance made from paper pulp that can be molded when wet and painted when dry
papier-mache: a substance made from paper pulp that can be molded when wet and painted when dry
papyrus
paper made from the papyrus plant by cutting it in strips and pressing it flat; used by ancient Egyptians and Greeks and Romans
papyrus: paper made from the papyrus plant by cutting it in strips and pressing it flat; used by ancient Egyptians and Greeks and Romans
parchment
a superior paper resembling sheepskin
parchment: a superior paper resembling sheepskin
rice_paper
a thin delicate material resembling paper; made from the rice-paper tree
rice_paper: a thin delicate material resembling paper; made from the rice-paper tree
roofing_paper
a heavy paper impregnated with tar and used as part of a roof for waterproofing
roofing_paper: a heavy paper impregnated with tar and used as part of a roof for waterproofing
ola
leaf or strip from a leaf of the talipot palm used in India for writing paper
ola: leaf or strip from a leaf of the talipot palm used in India for writing paper
ticker_tape
a continuous thin ribbon of paper on which stock quotes are written
ticker_tape: a continuous thin ribbon of paper on which stock quotes are written
packing_material
any material used especially to protect something
packing_material: any material used especially to protect something
excelsior
thin curly wood shavings used for packing or stuffing
excelsior: thin curly wood shavings used for packing or stuffing
pantile
a roofing tile with a S-shape; laid so that curves overlap
pantile: a roofing tile with a S-shape; laid so that curves overlap