Datasets:
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JsonJuggernugget

Dataset card Data Studio Files
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{"from_paper_id": "2AFbeHNYFN", "to_paper_id": "6gBm0c12tS", "label": "y"}
{"from_paper_id": "8X_fBBK1HH", "to_paper_id": "Tzq2jBPo5v", "label": "y"}
{"from_paper_id": "RV8zG3hC7S", "to_paper_id": "T8fz_Py_s9", "label": "y"}
{"from_paper_id": "krYtZDq4ql", "to_paper_id": "rAwKPXgukp", "label": "y"}
{"from_paper_id": "9oBQhpTWmC", "to_paper_id": "TmHxwKKB84", "label": "y"}
{"text": "TITLE 9 Signs a Person Is Really Happy With Their Life SUB Genuine satisfaction is so much more than a smile on your face. CAPTION a woman is typing on a laptop computer"}
{"text": "TITLE Learn to Affect Customer Behavior Using the Theory of Planned Behavior CAPTION a woman with long hair is looking at the camera"}
{"text": "TITLE How to connect to MongoDB using a promise in Node.js CAPTION a person holding a pair of hands on a brick wall"}
{"text": "TITLE How To Learn To Solve Data Science Problems Like a Pro and Become Employable SUB The most practical way to learn data science (Includes best-in-class references) CAPTION a person using a laptop on a desk"}
{"text": "TITLE 9 Creative Ways to Separate Life and Work at Home CAPTION a girl sitting on a bed looking at the camera"}
{"id": 4375253, "date_publish": "2017-01-01 00:00:00", "outlet": "Fox News", "headline": "Most residents evacuated by sinkhole could return in a week", "lead": "The new public works commissioner in a suburban Detroit county is declaring all hands on deck to fix a broken sewer line that has created a major sinkhole and forced the evacuation of 22 homes.", "body": "The new public works commissioner in a suburban Detroit county is declaring \"all hands on deck\" to fix a broken sewer line that has created a major sinkhole and forced the evacuation of 22 homes.\nFormer U.S. Rep. Candice Miller used her first day in office Sunday to urge Macomb County residents to reduce water consumption while crews create a bypass to get around the bad pipe. The short-term fix could take a month.\nDuring a news conference at the sinkhole site in Fraser, Miller said she doesn't have all the answers but promised \"transparency.\"\nThe sinkhole was discovered Dec. 24, just weeks after Miller was elected to lead the county's public works department. Three homes likely are beyond repair, though residents in 19 homes could return in a week.", "authors": null, "domain": "www.foxnews.com", "url": "http://www.foxnews.com/us/2017/01/01/most-residents-evacuated-by-sinkhole-could-return-in-week.html", "political_leaning": "RIGHT"}
{"id": 4459355, "date_publish": "2017-01-01 00:00:00", "outlet": "Fox News", "headline": "South Korea says woman tied to scandal arrested in Denmark", "lead": "South Korean prosecutors said Monday the daughter of the confidante of disgraced President Park Geun-hye has been arrested in Denmark and authorities are working to get her returned home in connection with a huge corruption scandal.", "body": "South Korean prosecutors said Monday the daughter of the confidante of disgraced President Park Geun-hye has been arrested in Denmark and authorities are working to get her returned home in connection with a huge corruption scandal.\nPark was impeached last month by lawmakers amid public fury over prosecutors' allegations that the president conspired to allow her longtime friend, Choi Soon-sil, to extort companies and control the government.\nDenmark police arrested Choi's daughter, Chung Yoo-ra, on the weekend on charges of staying their illegally.\nSouth Korea had asked Interpol to search for Chung because she didn't return home to answer questions about the scandal.\nSouth Korea's Yonhap news agency reports that Chung, a former member of the national equestrian team, allegedly took advantage of her mother's relationship with Park to get unwarranted favors from Seoul's Ewha Womans University.", "authors": null, "domain": "www.foxnews.com", "url": "http://www.foxnews.com/world/2017/01/01/south-korea-says-woman-tied-to-scandal-arrested-in-denmark.html", "political_leaning": "RIGHT"}
{"id": 59577611, "date_publish": "2017-01-01 00:00:00", "outlet": "Chicago Tribune", "headline": "Aurora police investigating fatal New Year's Eve drive-by shooting", "lead": null, "body": "A 26-year old Aurora man was fatally shot in a New Year's Eve drive-by shooting on the city's near southeast side, police officials said Sunday.\nPolice are seeking information on the death of Andrew Dockery of the 400 block of Jackson Street, Aurora.\nDockery was standing outside when shots were fired just before 7 p.m. Dec. 31 from an unknown vehicle that was traveling eastbound in the 400 block of Melrose Avenue, according to a news release.\nAurora police reported they do have information that the vehicle was being followed by a newer, gray Nissan Sentra or car of a similar model, and they are seeking information from the occupants of that vehicle.\nBoth vehicles apparently had more than one occupant, police said, but witnesses could not provide descriptions of suspects. Investigators have yet to determine if the gray car was involved in the shooting. According to police, investigators believe the people in the other vehicle probably have information on what occurred, and they would like to talk with them.\nAccording to the release, police have no definite motive in the shooting. They said gang involvement has not been ruled out.\nAn autopsy is pending at the Kane County Coroner's Office.\nAurora police are seeking the public's assistance. Anyone with information is asked to call Aurora Police Investigations at (630) 256-5500 or Aurora Area Crime Stoppers at (630) 892-1000. Calls to Crime Stoppers that lead to an arrest qualify for a cash reward of up to $5,000. Tips can also be submitted through the Aurora Police Department's free app available from iTunes, the Android Market, or Amazon App Store.\nLinda Girardi is a freelance reporter for The Beacon-News.", "authors": "Linda Girardi", "domain": "www.chicagotribune.com", "url": "http://www.chicagotribune.com/suburbs/lake-county-news-sun/news/ct-abn-aurora-fatal-shooting-st-0102-20170101-story.html", "political_leaning": "UNDEFINED"}
{"url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4868", "repository_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets", "labels_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4868/labels{/name}", "comments_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4868/comments", "events_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4868/events", "html_url": "https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/pull/4868", "id": 1345191322, "node_id": "PR_kwDODunzps49gBk0", "number": 4868, "title": "adding mafand to datasets", "user": {"login": "dadelani", "id": 23586676, "node_id": "MDQ6VXNlcjIzNTg2Njc2", "avatar_url": "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/23586676?v=4", "gravatar_id": "", "url": "https://api.github.com/users/dadelani", "html_url": "https://github.com/dadelani", "followers_url": "https://api.github.com/users/dadelani/followers", "following_url": "https://api.github.com/users/dadelani/following{/other_user}", "gists_url": "https://api.github.com/users/dadelani/gists{/gist_id}", "starred_url": "https://api.github.com/users/dadelani/starred{/owner}{/repo}", "subscriptions_url": "https://api.github.com/users/dadelani/subscriptions", "organizations_url": "https://api.github.com/users/dadelani/orgs", "repos_url": "https://api.github.com/users/dadelani/repos", "events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/dadelani/events{/privacy}", "received_events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/dadelani/received_events", "type": "User", "site_admin": false}, "labels": [], "state": "open", "locked": false, "assignee": null, "assignees": [], "milestone": null, "comments": ["The docs for this PR live [here](https://moon-ci-docs.huggingface.co/docs/datasets/pr_4868). All of your documentation changes will be reflected on that endpoint."], "created_at": 1661009174000, "updated_at": 1661009675000, "closed_at": null, "author_association": "CONTRIBUTOR", "active_lock_reason": null, "draft": false, "pull_request": {"url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/pulls/4868", "html_url": "https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/pull/4868", "diff_url": "https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/pull/4868.diff", "patch_url": "https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/pull/4868.patch", "merged_at": null}, "body": "I'm addding the MAFAND dataset by Masakhane based on the paper/repository below:\r\n\r\nPaper: https://aclanthology.org/2022.naacl-main.223/\r\nCode: https://github.com/masakhane-io/lafand-mt\r\n\r\nPlease, help merge this\r\n\r\nEverything works except for creating dummy data file", "reactions": {"url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4868/reactions", "total_count": 0, "+1": 0, "-1": 0, "laugh": 0, "hooray": 0, "confused": 0, "heart": 0, "rocket": 0, "eyes": 0}, "timeline_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4868/timeline", "performed_via_github_app": null, "state_reason": null, "is_pull_request": true}
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{"url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4865", "repository_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets", "labels_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4865/labels{/name}", "comments_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4865/comments", "events_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4865/events", "html_url": "https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/issues/4865", "id": 1344552626, "node_id": "I_kwDODunzps5QJD6y", "number": 4865, "title": "Dataset Viewer issue for MoritzLaurer/multilingual_nli", "user": {"login": "MoritzLaurer", "id": 41862082, "node_id": "MDQ6VXNlcjQxODYyMDgy", "avatar_url": "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/41862082?v=4", "gravatar_id": "", "url": "https://api.github.com/users/MoritzLaurer", "html_url": "https://github.com/MoritzLaurer", "followers_url": "https://api.github.com/users/MoritzLaurer/followers", "following_url": "https://api.github.com/users/MoritzLaurer/following{/other_user}", "gists_url": "https://api.github.com/users/MoritzLaurer/gists{/gist_id}", "starred_url": "https://api.github.com/users/MoritzLaurer/starred{/owner}{/repo}", "subscriptions_url": "https://api.github.com/users/MoritzLaurer/subscriptions", "organizations_url": "https://api.github.com/users/MoritzLaurer/orgs", "repos_url": "https://api.github.com/users/MoritzLaurer/repos", "events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/MoritzLaurer/events{/privacy}", "received_events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/MoritzLaurer/received_events", "type": "User", "site_admin": false}, "labels": [{"id": 3470211881, "node_id": "LA_kwDODunzps7O1zsp", "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/labels/dataset-viewer", "name": "dataset-viewer", "color": "E5583E", "default": false, "description": "Related to the dataset viewer on huggingface.co"}], "state": "open", "locked": false, "assignee": {"login": "severo", "id": 1676121, "node_id": "MDQ6VXNlcjE2NzYxMjE=", "avatar_url": "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1676121?v=4", "gravatar_id": "", "url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo", "html_url": "https://github.com/severo", "followers_url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo/followers", "following_url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo/following{/other_user}", "gists_url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo/gists{/gist_id}", "starred_url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo/starred{/owner}{/repo}", "subscriptions_url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo/subscriptions", "organizations_url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo/orgs", "repos_url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo/repos", "events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo/events{/privacy}", "received_events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo/received_events", "type": "User", "site_admin": false}, "assignees": [{"login": "severo", "id": 1676121, "node_id": "MDQ6VXNlcjE2NzYxMjE=", "avatar_url": "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1676121?v=4", "gravatar_id": "", "url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo", "html_url": "https://github.com/severo", "followers_url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo/followers", "following_url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo/following{/other_user}", "gists_url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo/gists{/gist_id}", "starred_url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo/starred{/owner}{/repo}", "subscriptions_url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo/subscriptions", "organizations_url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo/orgs", "repos_url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo/repos", "events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo/events{/privacy}", "received_events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/severo/received_events", "type": "User", "site_admin": false}], "milestone": null, "comments": [], "created_at": 1660920920000, "updated_at": 1660921015000, "closed_at": null, "author_association": "NONE", "active_lock_reason": null, "draft": null, "pull_request": null, "body": "### Link\r\n\r\n_No response_\r\n\r\n### Description\r\n\r\nI've just uploaded a new dataset to the hub and the viewer does not work for some reason, see here: https://huggingface.co/datasets/MoritzLaurer/multilingual_nli\r\n\r\nIt displays the error: \r\n```\r\nStatus code: 400\r\nException: Status400Error\r\nMessage: The dataset does not exist.\r\n```\r\n\r\nWeirdly enough the dataviewer works for an earlier version of the same dataset. The only difference is that it is smaller, but I'm not aware of other changes I have made: https://huggingface.co/datasets/MoritzLaurer/multilingual_nli_test\r\n\r\nDo you know why the dataviewer is not working?\r\n\r\n### Owner\r\n\r\n_No response_", "reactions": {"url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4865/reactions", "total_count": 0, "+1": 0, "-1": 0, "laugh": 0, "hooray": 0, "confused": 0, "heart": 0, "rocket": 0, "eyes": 0}, "timeline_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4865/timeline", "performed_via_github_app": null, "state_reason": null, "is_pull_request": false}
{"url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4864", "repository_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets", "labels_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4864/labels{/name}", "comments_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4864/comments", "events_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4864/events", "html_url": "https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/issues/4864", "id": 1344410043, "node_id": "I_kwDODunzps5QIhG7", "number": 4864, "title": "Allow pathlib PoxisPath in Dataset.read_json", "user": {"login": "cccntu", "id": 31893406, "node_id": "MDQ6VXNlcjMxODkzNDA2", "avatar_url": "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/31893406?v=4", "gravatar_id": "", "url": "https://api.github.com/users/cccntu", "html_url": "https://github.com/cccntu", "followers_url": "https://api.github.com/users/cccntu/followers", "following_url": "https://api.github.com/users/cccntu/following{/other_user}", "gists_url": "https://api.github.com/users/cccntu/gists{/gist_id}", "starred_url": "https://api.github.com/users/cccntu/starred{/owner}{/repo}", "subscriptions_url": "https://api.github.com/users/cccntu/subscriptions", "organizations_url": "https://api.github.com/users/cccntu/orgs", "repos_url": "https://api.github.com/users/cccntu/repos", "events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/cccntu/events{/privacy}", "received_events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/cccntu/received_events", "type": "User", "site_admin": false}, "labels": [{"id": 1935892871, "node_id": "MDU6TGFiZWwxOTM1ODkyODcx", "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/labels/enhancement", "name": "enhancement", "color": "a2eeef", "default": true, "description": "New feature or request"}], "state": "open", "locked": false, "assignee": null, "assignees": [], "milestone": null, "comments": [], "created_at": 1660913957000, "updated_at": 1660913957000, "closed_at": null, "author_association": "CONTRIBUTOR", "active_lock_reason": null, "draft": null, "pull_request": null, "body": "**Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.**\r\n```\r\nfrom pathlib import Path\r\nfrom datasets import Dataset\r\nds = Dataset.read_json(Path('data.json'))\r\n```\r\ncauses an error\r\n```\r\nAttributeError: 'PosixPath' object has no attribute 'decode'\r\n```\r\n\r\n**Describe the solution you'd like**\r\n\r\nIt should be able to accept PosixPath and read the json from inside.", "reactions": {"url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4864/reactions", "total_count": 0, "+1": 0, "-1": 0, "laugh": 0, "hooray": 0, "confused": 0, "heart": 0, "rocket": 0, "eyes": 0}, "timeline_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4864/timeline", "performed_via_github_app": null, "state_reason": null, "is_pull_request": false}
{"url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4863", "repository_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets", "labels_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4863/labels{/name}", "comments_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4863/comments", "events_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4863/events", "html_url": "https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/issues/4863", "id": 1343737668, "node_id": "I_kwDODunzps5QF89E", "number": 4863, "title": "TFDS wiki_dialog dataset to Huggingface dataset", "user": {"login": "djaym7", "id": 12378820, "node_id": "MDQ6VXNlcjEyMzc4ODIw", "avatar_url": "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/12378820?v=4", "gravatar_id": "", "url": "https://api.github.com/users/djaym7", "html_url": "https://github.com/djaym7", "followers_url": "https://api.github.com/users/djaym7/followers", "following_url": "https://api.github.com/users/djaym7/following{/other_user}", "gists_url": "https://api.github.com/users/djaym7/gists{/gist_id}", "starred_url": "https://api.github.com/users/djaym7/starred{/owner}{/repo}", "subscriptions_url": "https://api.github.com/users/djaym7/subscriptions", "organizations_url": "https://api.github.com/users/djaym7/orgs", "repos_url": "https://api.github.com/users/djaym7/repos", "events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/djaym7/events{/privacy}", "received_events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/djaym7/received_events", "type": "User", "site_admin": false}, "labels": [{"id": 2067376369, "node_id": "MDU6TGFiZWwyMDY3Mzc2MzY5", "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/labels/dataset%20request", "name": "dataset request", "color": "e99695", "default": false, "description": "Requesting to add a new dataset"}], "state": "open", "locked": false, "assignee": null, "assignees": [], "milestone": null, "comments": ["@albertvillanova any help ? The linked dataset is in beam format which is similar to wikipedia dataset in huggingface that you scripted..", "Nvm, I was able to port it to huggingface datasets, will upload to the hub soon", "https://huggingface.co/datasets/djaym7/wiki_dialog"], "created_at": 1660863990000, "updated_at": 1660957709000, "closed_at": null, "author_association": "NONE", "active_lock_reason": null, "draft": null, "pull_request": null, "body": "## Adding a Dataset\r\n- **Name:** *Wiki_dialog*\r\n- **Description: https://github.com/google-research/dialog-inpainting#:~:text=JSON%20object%2C%20for-,example,-%3A\r\n- **Paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.09073\r\n- **Data: https://github.com/google-research/dialog-inpainting\r\n- **Motivation:** *Research and Development on biggest corpus of dialog data*\r\n\r\nInstructions to add a new dataset can be found [here](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/main/ADD_NEW_DATASET.md).\r\n", "reactions": {"url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4863/reactions", "total_count": 0, "+1": 0, "-1": 0, "laugh": 0, "hooray": 0, "confused": 0, "heart": 0, "rocket": 0, "eyes": 0}, "timeline_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4863/timeline", "performed_via_github_app": null, "state_reason": null, "is_pull_request": false}
{"url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4861", "repository_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets", "labels_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4861/labels{/name}", "comments_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4861/comments", "events_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4861/events", "html_url": "https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/issues/4861", "id": 1343260220, "node_id": "I_kwDODunzps5QEIY8", "number": 4861, "title": "Using disk for memory with the method `from_dict`", "user": {"login": "HugoLaurencon", "id": 44556846, "node_id": "MDQ6VXNlcjQ0NTU2ODQ2", "avatar_url": "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/44556846?v=4", "gravatar_id": "", "url": "https://api.github.com/users/HugoLaurencon", "html_url": "https://github.com/HugoLaurencon", "followers_url": "https://api.github.com/users/HugoLaurencon/followers", "following_url": "https://api.github.com/users/HugoLaurencon/following{/other_user}", "gists_url": "https://api.github.com/users/HugoLaurencon/gists{/gist_id}", "starred_url": "https://api.github.com/users/HugoLaurencon/starred{/owner}{/repo}", "subscriptions_url": "https://api.github.com/users/HugoLaurencon/subscriptions", "organizations_url": "https://api.github.com/users/HugoLaurencon/orgs", "repos_url": "https://api.github.com/users/HugoLaurencon/repos", "events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/HugoLaurencon/events{/privacy}", "received_events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/HugoLaurencon/received_events", "type": "User", "site_admin": false}, "labels": [{"id": 1935892871, "node_id": "MDU6TGFiZWwxOTM1ODkyODcx", "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/labels/enhancement", "name": "enhancement", "color": "a2eeef", "default": true, "description": "New feature or request"}], "state": "open", "locked": false, "assignee": null, "assignees": [], "milestone": null, "comments": [], "created_at": 1660835898000, "updated_at": 1660835898000, "closed_at": null, "author_association": "NONE", "active_lock_reason": null, "draft": null, "pull_request": null, "body": "**Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.**\r\nI start with an empty dataset. In a loop, at each iteration, I create a new dataset with the method `from_dict` (based on some data I load) and I concatenate this new dataset with the one at the previous iteration. After some iterations, I have an OOM error.\r\n\r\n**Describe the solution you'd like**\r\nThe method `from_dict` loads the data in RAM. It could be good to add an option to use the disk instead.\r\n\r\n**Describe alternatives you've considered**\r\nTo solve the problem, I have to do an intermediate step where I save the new datasets at each iteration with `save_to_disk`. Once it's done, I open them all and concatenate them.\r\n", "reactions": {"url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4861/reactions", "total_count": 0, "+1": 0, "-1": 0, "laugh": 0, "hooray": 0, "confused": 0, "heart": 0, "rocket": 0, "eyes": 0}, "timeline_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4861/timeline", "performed_via_github_app": null, "state_reason": null, "is_pull_request": false}
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{"url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4859", "repository_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets", "labels_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4859/labels{/name}", "comments_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4859/comments", "events_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4859/events", "html_url": "https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/issues/4859", "id": 1342231016, "node_id": "I_kwDODunzps5QANHo", "number": 4859, "title": "can't install using conda on Windows 10", "user": {"login": "xoffey", "id": 22627691, "node_id": "MDQ6VXNlcjIyNjI3Njkx", "avatar_url": "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/22627691?v=4", "gravatar_id": "", "url": "https://api.github.com/users/xoffey", "html_url": "https://github.com/xoffey", "followers_url": "https://api.github.com/users/xoffey/followers", "following_url": "https://api.github.com/users/xoffey/following{/other_user}", "gists_url": "https://api.github.com/users/xoffey/gists{/gist_id}", "starred_url": "https://api.github.com/users/xoffey/starred{/owner}{/repo}", "subscriptions_url": "https://api.github.com/users/xoffey/subscriptions", "organizations_url": "https://api.github.com/users/xoffey/orgs", "repos_url": "https://api.github.com/users/xoffey/repos", "events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/xoffey/events{/privacy}", "received_events_url": "https://api.github.com/users/xoffey/received_events", "type": "User", "site_admin": false}, "labels": [{"id": 1935892857, "node_id": "MDU6TGFiZWwxOTM1ODkyODU3", "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/labels/bug", "name": "bug", "color": "d73a4a", "default": true, "description": "Something isn't working"}], "state": "open", "locked": false, "assignee": null, "assignees": [], "milestone": null, "comments": [], "created_at": 1660766257000, "updated_at": 1660766257000, "closed_at": null, "author_association": "NONE", "active_lock_reason": null, "draft": null, "pull_request": null, "body": "## Describe the bug\r\nI wanted to install using conda or Anaconda navigator. That didn't work, so I had to install using pip.\r\n\r\n## Steps to reproduce the bug\r\nconda install -c huggingface -c conda-forge datasets\r\n\r\n## Expected results\r\nShould have indicated successful installation.\r\n\r\n## Actual results\r\nSolving environment: failed with initial frozen solve. Retrying with flexible solve.\r\nSolving environment: failed with repodata from current_repodata.json, will retry with next repodata source.\r\n... took forever, so I cancelled it with ctrl-c\r\n\r\n## Environment info\r\n- `datasets` version: 2.4.0 # after installing with pip\r\n- Platform: Windows-10-10.0.19044-SP0\r\n- Python version: 3.9.12\r\n- PyArrow version: 9.0.0\r\n- Pandas version: 1.4.2\r\n- conda version: 4.13.0\r\n\r\nconda info\r\n\r\n active environment : base\r\n active env location : G:\\anaconda2022\r\n shell level : 1\r\n user config file : C:\\Users\\michael\\.condarc\r\n populated config files : C:\\Users\\michael\\.condarc\r\n conda version : 4.13.0\r\n conda-build version : 3.21.8\r\n python version : 3.9.12.final.0\r\n virtual packages : __cuda=11.1=0\r\n __win=0=0\r\n __archspec=1=x86_64\r\n base environment : G:\\anaconda2022 (writable)\r\n conda av data dir : G:\\anaconda2022\\etc\\conda\r\n conda av metadata url : None\r\n channel URLs : https://conda.anaconda.org/pytorch/win-64\r\n https://conda.anaconda.org/pytorch/noarch\r\n https://conda.anaconda.org/huggingface/win-64\r\n https://conda.anaconda.org/huggingface/noarch\r\n https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/win-64\r\n https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch\r\n https://conda.anaconda.org/anaconda-fusion/win-64\r\n https://conda.anaconda.org/anaconda-fusion/noarch\r\n https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/win-64\r\n https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch\r\n https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/win-64\r\n https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch\r\n https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/win-64\r\n https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/noarch\r\n package cache : G:\\anaconda2022\\pkgs\r\n C:\\Users\\michael\\.conda\\pkgs\r\n C:\\Users\\michael\\AppData\\Local\\conda\\conda\\pkgs\r\n envs directories : G:\\anaconda2022\\envs\r\n C:\\Users\\michael\\.conda\\envs\r\n C:\\Users\\michael\\AppData\\Local\\conda\\conda\\envs\r\n platform : win-64\r\n user-agent : conda/4.13.0 requests/2.27.1 CPython/3.9.12 Windows/10 Windows/10.0.19044\r\n administrator : False\r\n netrc file : None\r\n offline mode : False\r\n", "reactions": {"url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4859/reactions", "total_count": 0, "+1": 0, "-1": 0, "laugh": 0, "hooray": 0, "confused": 0, "heart": 0, "rocket": 0, "eyes": 0}, "timeline_url": "https://api.github.com/repos/huggingface/datasets/issues/4859/timeline", "performed_via_github_app": null, "state_reason": null, "is_pull_request": false}
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{"text": "The manager fired the cleaner because", "classes": [" she was angry.", " he was angry."], "target": 0, "evaluation_predictions": [-3.3267931938171387, -9.509626388549805, -7.4409332275390625, -1.9261776208877563, -6.11862325668335, -1.8366163969039917, -1.270398736000061, -1.4324620962142944, -5.996460437774658, -2.981076240539551, 0.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0]}
{"text": "The manager told the hairdresser that", "classes": [" she expected something better.", " he expected something better."], "target": 0, "evaluation_predictions": [-3.3267931938171387, -9.509626388549805, -7.4409332275390625, -1.9261776208877563, -6.11862325668335, -1.8366163969039917, -1.023995041847229, -1.516311526298523, -5.19329833984375, -2.947726249694824, 0.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0]}
{"text": "The mover missed the call from the assistant because", "classes": [" she was busy.", " he was busy."], "target": 0, "evaluation_predictions": [-3.3267931938171387, -9.509626388549805, -4.774631023406982, -2.7544517517089844, -9.921114921569824, -0.25235649943351746, -0.003045446705073118, -0.06945547461509705, -1.4411817789077759, -1.3559215068817139, -8.134241104125977, -6.403733253479004, -3.4837028980255127, -2.1998815536499023, 0.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0]}
{"text": "The farmer offered apples to the housekeeper, because", "classes": [" he might like them.", " she might like them."], "target": 0, "evaluation_predictions": [-3.3267931938171387, -9.509626388549805, -4.774631023406982, -2.7544517517089844, -9.921114921569824, -0.25235649943351746, -0.003045446705073118, -0.06945547461509705, -1.4411817789077759, -2.0146701335906982, -6.984866142272949, -6.392382621765137, -3.574293613433838, -2.1195712089538574, 0.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0]}
{"text": "The nurse examined the farmer for injuries because", "classes": [" he was caring.", " she was caring."], "target": 0, "evaluation_predictions": [-3.3267931938171387, -7.77142333984375, -6.888366222381592, -8.55710220336914, -1.3224056959152222, -7.615787506103516, -3.4833669662475586, -0.905998945236206, -8.063934326171875, -3.9437758922576904, -3.6602942943573, -0.5484113097190857, -2.124542474746704, -3.837798595428467, 0.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0]}
{"text": "The laborer was surprised that the auditor appeared because", "classes": [" he said everything was fine.", " she said everything was fine."], "target": 0, "evaluation_predictions": [-3.3267931938171387, -7.77142333984375, -6.888366222381592, -8.55710220336914, -1.3224056959152222, -7.615787506103516, -3.4833669662475586, -0.905998945236206, -8.063934326171875, -3.9437758922576904, -0.7364956736564636, -0.4573719799518585, -2.0700087547302246, -4.346586227416992, 0.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0]}
{"text": "The carpenter made a desk for the clerk because", "classes": [" she had time.", " he had time."], "target": 0, "evaluation_predictions": [-3.326791524887085, -10.826940536499023, -8.757567405700684, -9.287490844726562, -1.7825251817703247, -0.6815008521080017, -7.145474433898926, -2.6281628608703613, -1.5927412509918213, -5.110288619995117, -1.0312120914459229, -7.258412837982178, -4.110369682312012, -2.22996187210083, -0.7235000729560852, 0.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0]}
{"text": "The developer argued with the designer because", "classes": [" she did not like the design.", " he did not like the design."], "target": 0, "evaluation_predictions": [-3.326791524887085, -10.826940536499023, -8.757567405700684, -9.287490844726562, -1.7825251817703247, -0.6815008521080017, -7.145474433898926, -2.6281628608703613, -1.5927412509918213, -5.110288619995117, -1.709484338760376, -6.186556339263916, -2.529881000518799, -0.8345761299133301, -0.5657026767730713, 0.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0]}
{"text": "The mechanic looked down on the cashier because", "classes": [" he had a bad breath.", " she had a bad breath."], "target": 0, "evaluation_predictions": [-3.3267931938171387, -10.12475872039795, -9.11104965209961, -1.716902494430542, -8.574033737182617, -3.395742893218994, -2.6405138969421387, -8.356423377990723, -0.9025896787643433, -1.0025310516357422, -10.890493392944336, -8.476186752319336, 0.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0]}
{"text": "The manager asked the accountant for the books because", "classes": [" she felt the work was wrong.", " he felt the work was wrong."], "target": 0, "evaluation_predictions": [-3.3267931938171387, -10.12475872039795, -9.11104965209961, -1.716902494430542, -8.574033737182617, -3.395742893218994, -2.6405138969421387, -8.356423377990723, -2.133866310119629, -1.247982382774353, -6.60032844543457, -6.117278099060059, 0.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0, -100.0]}
{"query": "how old is aran bell", "passage": ["- Breaking News: Ted Bell and Hollywood. I recently had the tremendous honor of interviewing bestselling author Ted Bell. Known for his popular Alex Hawke franchise, Bell is one of the true must-read thriller authors in the genre today.", "Liberty Bell Bells were rung when the Declaration of Independence was read on July 8, 1776. While there is no record that the Liberty Bell was rung, most historians believe it was rung with the other bells. In the 1830's, the bell was used as a symbol by abolitionist societies, who called it the Liberty Bell.", "American customer satisfaction index: Taco Bell restaurants in the U.S. 2000-2017 This statistic shows the American customer satisfaction index scores of Taco Bell restaurants in the United States from 2000 to 2015. Taco Bell's ACSI score was 72 in 2014. The limited-service restaurant industry was not measured in 2004.Taco Bell.n 2012, there were a total of 5,980 Taco Bell restaurants in operation. The majority (5,695) of those stores were located in the United States. The remaining 285 Taco Bell restaurants were located in the other 26 countries where Taco Bell operates.", "- $45,000: The fee you must pay to Taco Bell to own a franchise. $1,200,000: The average start up and construction costs to build a new Taco Bell. Could be as high as $2.5 million. $175,000: How much it costs to acquire an already existing Taco Bell.", "- Aran Bell, the gravity-defying 11-year old from Italy, was the winner of the Hope Award in the 2010 YAGP competition (the award for children who are too young to compete for the Grand Prix). A year later, he won the Junior Grand Prix. He has attended prestigious summer programs and festivals.", "KFC Franchise How much does it cost to open a Taco Bell Franchise? The investment required to open a Taco Bell Franchise is between $585,300-$1,205,600. There is an initial franchise fee of $25,000 which grants you the license to run a business under the Taco Bell name.", "What Are the Benefits of Eating Green Bell Peppers? While red bell peppers contain larger amounts of antioxidants, green bell peppers are a significant source as well. Green bell peppers also contain zeaxanthin, which keeps your eyes healthy and might reduce your risk of age-related eye disorders. Tips Eat raw green bell peppers with low-fat ranch dressing or hummus for a nutritious and tasty side dish or snack. Add chopped bell peppers to spaghetti sauce or your favorite lasagna recipe. Stir chopped green bell peppers into scrambled eggs or layer raw strips of the pepper onto a lean turkey or chicken sandwich.", "Bloodborne Forbidden Woods progression bug caused by multiplayer summon A progression bug in Bloodborne is in the works, according to Sony and From Software. The issue occurs when players activate a multiplayer session in the Forbidden Woods using the Sinister Resonant Bell or Small Resonant Bell.", "- My bell ringer board. 1 My bell ringer board. 2 Procedure. 3 As soon as the bell rings, my students are expected to be seated, with paper (or bell ringer notebook) and pen ready. If working on a project is the bell ringer, they go to their respective stations to work as instructed on the board."], "labels": [0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0]}
{"query": "what is goop company", "passage": ["- The original waterless hand cleaner, Goop. Multi-purpose Hand Cleaner is non-toxic and biodegradable, and has been a fixture in house-holds for generations. LEARN MORE. Uses the power of all natural citrus cleaners that are non-toxic and biodegradable to remove the toughest of soils.", "Company Overview of Ndola Lime Company Limited Ndola Lime Company Limited was formerly known as Northern Rhodesia Lime Company Limited. The company was founded in 1931 and is based in Ndola, Zambia. Ndola Lime... Ndola Lime Company Limited manufactures limestone products.", "What is a 'Wholly Owned Subsidiary' A company whose common stock is 100% owned by another company, called the parent company. A company can become a wholly owned subsidiary through acquisition by the parent company or spin off from the parent company.", "DBAs Versus Subsidiaries DBA Is Just a Name. When your company establishes a DBA, you're not creating a separate company. You're creating a name -- legally referred to as a fictitious name -- under which your company will do business. For example, say you own a fast-food restaurant company called Betty's Burgers.owever, a subsidiary offers multiple advantages. You can share ownership of a subsidiary with other companies or individuals, something that's not possible with a DBA, and it is easier to sell or to spin off into a totally independent company. A subsidiary also provides legal protection for the parent company.", "50 Examples of Catchy and Creative Slogans Whether you are looking for company, business, product or a green environmental slogan, a slogan development company can create a tagline which fits your company perfectly. However make sure to do your homework first before ordering a package.t is important to tell the slogan company what tone you want your slogan to be (serious, funny, and lighthearted). You should also give a brief background about your company or project and what you want your slogan to convey.", "Ska Investment Properties LLC Ska Investment Properties LLC is an entity registered at Texas with company number 0801619147. Company is incorporated on 29th June 2012. Company", "United States of America Book a HotelInOutCheck RatesUnderstandGeography Climate History Government and politics Culture Holidays Units of measure Electricity For more informationGet inLaw and bureaucracy Planning and pre-arrival documentation Arriving in the United States By plane By car By bus By boat By train By footGet aroundBy plane By train By boat By car By bus By recreational vehicle (RV) By motorcycle By thumb 5-1-1SeeNatural scenery Historical attractions Monuments and architecture Museums and galleries ItinerariesDo BuyMoney Currency exchange and banking Credit and debit cards Gift cards Sales tax Places for shopping Major U.S. retail chains Costs Tipping Comics and cartoonsEatTypes of restaurants Types of service Types of food Etiquette SmokingSleep Stay SafePolice Texting and driving 911 Emergency services Border Patrol Natural disasters Gay and lesbian Illicit drugs Racism Islam Curfew Animals Prostitution Firearms Do I need to have a current EAN.UCC prefix to obtain a GLN? If a company does not have an assigned EAN.UCC company prefix, contact the UCC to obtain a membership application. If a company already has a current EAN.UCC company prefix, the company may go directly to GS1 to become a member. You will not need to", "- How to draft a company constitution What is a company constitution? The constitution is a formal document, drawn up by those applying to register the company, that sets out the rules for running the company. If a constitution has been adopted, it must be filed with the Companies Office in order for the company to be registered and incorporated with that constitution. Before the COMPANIES ACT 1993, the constitution was known as the Articles of Association. (For more information on registering and incorporating a company, see related article How to form a company). Is a company required to have its own constitution? No, there is no requirement for a company to have a constitution. It is up to those forming the company to decide whether or not they will draw up a constitution for it. If there is no constitution then the company is governed by the COMPANIES ACT 1993.", "Arden Theatre Company (Philadelphia) Arden Theatre Company (Philadelphia) For the theatre company located in Stockton-on-Tees, England, see Arden Theatre Company (Stockton-on-Tees)."], "labels": [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]}
{"doc_id": "26548f0a805861520e4097b0f1fb278f", "sentence": "Among the anti-herpesvirus agents , aciclovir , valaciclovir , penciclovir , famciclovir , idoxuridine , trifluridine and brivudin are used in the treatment of herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus infections , and ganciclovir , foscarnet , cidofovir , fomivirsen and maribavir ( the latter in the developmental stage ) are used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus infections .", "spans": [{"span_id": 0, "text": "aciclovir", "start": 36, "end": 45, "token_start": 5, "token_end": 6}, {"span_id": 1, "text": "valaciclovir", "start": 48, "end": 60, "token_start": 7, "token_end": 8}, {"span_id": 2, "text": "penciclovir", "start": 63, "end": 74, "token_start": 9, "token_end": 10}, {"span_id": 3, "text": "famciclovir", "start": 77, "end": 88, "token_start": 11, "token_end": 12}, {"span_id": 4, "text": "idoxuridine", "start": 91, "end": 102, "token_start": 13, "token_end": 14}, {"span_id": 5, "text": "trifluridine", "start": 105, "end": 117, "token_start": 15, "token_end": 16}, {"span_id": 6, "text": "ganciclovir", "start": 225, "end": 236, "token_start": 33, "token_end": 34}, {"span_id": 7, "text": "foscarnet", "start": 239, "end": 248, "token_start": 35, "token_end": 36}, {"span_id": 8, "text": "cidofovir", "start": 251, "end": 260, "token_start": 37, "token_end": 38}], "rels": [], "paragraph": "Antiviral drugs: current state of the art. The chemotherapy of virus infections has definitely come of age. There are now 15 antiviral agents that have been formally licensed for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infections (zidovudine, didanosine, zalcitabine, stavudine, lamivudine, abacavir, nevirapine, delavirdine, efavirenz, saquinavir, ritonavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir, lopinavir) and several others, such as tenofovir disoproxil, emtricitabine, capravirine, emivirine, T-20 (pentafuside) and AMD3100 (bicyclam) are under clinical development. Lamivudine has been approved, and several other compounds (such as adefovir dipivoxil, emtricitabine and entecavir) are under clinical development, for the treatment of hepatitis B virus infections. Among the anti-herpesvirus agents , aciclovir , valaciclovir , penciclovir , famciclovir , idoxuridine , trifluridine and brivudin are used in the treatment of herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus infections , and ganciclovir , foscarnet , cidofovir , fomivirsen and maribavir ( the latter in the developmental stage ) are used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus infections . Following amantadine and rimantadine, the neuraminidase inhibitors, zanamivir and oseltamivir, have now become available for the therapy and prophylaxis of influenza virus infections, and so is ribavirin for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infections and the combination of ribavirin with interferon-alpha for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infections.", "source": null}
{"doc_id": "75080bf07d4ac4a75b2906ffb6f7e2f5", "sentence": "The present study examined the efficacy of single and combined treatment with an anticholinesterase , tetrahydroaminoacridine ( i.p . ) , and a glycine-B site partial agonist , D-cycloserine ( i.p . ; a positive allosteric modulator of NMDA receptors ) , in alleviating the deficit in water maze spatial navigation induced by electrolytic lesion of the medial septum or lidocaine infusion into the dorsal hippocampi .", "spans": [{"span_id": 0, "text": "D-cycloserine", "start": 177, "end": 190, "token_start": 28, "token_end": 29}, {"span_id": 1, "text": "lidocaine", "start": 370, "end": 379, "token_start": 60, "token_end": 61}], "rels": [], "paragraph": "Tetrahydroaminoacridine and D-cycloserine fail to alleviate the water maze spatial navigation defect induced by hippocampal inactivation. The present study examined the efficacy of single and combined treatment with an anticholinesterase , tetrahydroaminoacridine ( i.p . ) , and a glycine-B site partial agonist , D-cycloserine ( i.p . ; a positive allosteric modulator of NMDA receptors ) , in alleviating the deficit in water maze spatial navigation induced by electrolytic lesion of the medial septum or lidocaine infusion into the dorsal hippocampi . In medial septum-lesioned rats, a combination of tetrahydroaminoacridine 3 mg kg(-1) and D-cycloserine 10 mg kg(-1) facilitated acquisition of the water maze test more effectively than either of the drugs alone. Single or combined treatment with tetrahydroaminoacridine 3 mg kg(-1) and D-cycloserine 10 mg kg(-1) had no effect on the water maze deficit induced by hippocampal lidocaine infusion. These results suggest that combined treatment with tetrahydroaminoacridine and D-cycloserine can effectively stimulate water maze spatial navigation, and that functioning of the hippocampus is a prerequisite for this effect.", "source": null}
{"doc_id": "401db5d57ea1f07ccd46d84bb8bb8049", "sentence": "He was initially treated with combination chemotherapy regimen of vincristine , actinomycin-D and cyclophosphamide ( VAC therapy ) .", "spans": [{"span_id": 0, "text": "vincristine", "start": 66, "end": 77, "token_start": 9, "token_end": 10}, {"span_id": 1, "text": "cyclophosphamide", "start": 98, "end": 114, "token_start": 13, "token_end": 14}, {"span_id": 2, "text": "actinomycin-D", "start": 80, "end": 93, "token_start": 11, "token_end": 12}], "rels": [{"class": "COMB", "spans": [0, 1, 2], "is_context_needed": true}], "paragraph": "[Rhabdomyosarcoma of the bladder: a case report]. A 15-year-old man with the chief complaint of general fatigue was referred to our hospital on November 11, 1993. Bilateral percutaneous nephrostomy was performed for postrenal anuria. X-ray examinations revealed a huge intrapelvic tumor, and it was histopathologically diagnosed as rhabdomyosarcoma by transrectal needle biopsy. He was initially treated with combination chemotherapy regimen of vincristine , actinomycin-D and cyclophosphamide ( VAC therapy ) . Pelvic exenteration was performed on December 15, 1993. Histopathological findings were alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma with degenerative change and partial necrosis. After the operation, he was given two course of VAC therapy. In May, 1994, brain metastasis occurred, so 4 courses of VAC therapy were administered. For a very short period, neurological symptoms improved, but he died of pneumonia on November 15, 1994.", "source": null}
{"doc_id": "f1ece46f77c29a69c323b215cd8e3394", "sentence": "However , when a lung mass was noted two months later , he started to receive combination chemotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide , adriamycin , vincristine , and prednisolone every three months .", "spans": [{"span_id": 0, "text": "cyclophosphamide", "start": 117, "end": 133, "token_start": 20, "token_end": 21}, {"span_id": 1, "text": "vincristine", "start": 149, "end": 160, "token_start": 24, "token_end": 25}, {"span_id": 2, "text": "prednisolone", "start": 167, "end": 179, "token_start": 27, "token_end": 28}, {"span_id": 3, "text": "adriamycin", "start": 136, "end": 146, "token_start": 22, "token_end": 23}], "rels": [{"class": "COMB", "spans": [0, 1, 2, 3], "is_context_needed": true}], "paragraph": "[Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) occurring in a patient with follicular lymphoma during remission]. A 49 years-old man presented with dry cough, low grade fever, and abnormal shadow on a chest X-ray. He had suffered from follicular lymphoma of the liver 5 years previously. He received irradiation therapy in combination with chemotherapy for approximately three years and had been in complete remission. Physical and radiological examination revealed pleural effusion and softly dense masses in the right lung. The laboratory data were within normal limits. He was diagnosed as having lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) by open lung biopsy. The lung lesion was mainly infiltrated with T cells. The patient received prednisolone and the lung lesions disappeared. However , when a lung mass was noted two months later , he started to receive combination chemotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide , adriamycin , vincristine , and prednisolone every three months . He has not shown relapse of LYG so far. To investigate the association between the preceding follicular lymphoma and subsequent LYG at this time, DNA analysis using the PCR technique was carried out. The LYG lesion did not show a rearranged band for the JH probe, while the paraffin-embedded specimen of the preceding follicular lymphoma had shown rearranged band for the JH band. Southern blot analysis of the LYG lesion, showed no rearrangement for TCR beta, gamma or JH probe. These findings indicate that the LYG was different from the preceding follicular lymphoma in terms of origin. LYG is considered to be induced in the immunosuppressive state due to lymphoma.", "source": null}
{"doc_id": "e35777804b1ff6dbcbf0e949717f6175", "sentence": "Three patients treated initially with propranolol alone have required substitution of amiodarone due to refractory congestive heart failure .", "spans": [{"span_id": 0, "text": "propranolol", "start": 38, "end": 49, "token_start": 5, "token_end": 6}, {"span_id": 1, "text": "amiodarone", "start": 86, "end": 96, "token_start": 11, "token_end": 12}], "rels": [], "paragraph": "The role of beta-blockade therapy for ventricular tachycardia induced with isoproterenol: a prospective analysis. Isoproterenol is sometimes required for ventricular tachycardia (VT) induction. However, the role of beta-blockade for treatment of such VT has not been critically assessed. The use of beta-blockade was evaluated prospectively in 14 consecutive patients who required isoproterenol 2.4 +/- 1.3 (+/- S.D.) micrograms/min to induce sustained monomorphic VT (greater than 30 seconds, or requiring termination due to hemodynamic collapse) after a negative baseline study. The VT mechanisms were enhanced automaticity (group A, six patients), triggered automaticity (group B, three patients), and reentry (group C, five patients). Groups A and B had serial intravenous electropharmacologic tests with propranolol alone (0.2 mg/kg), verapamil alone (0.15 mg/kg), and propranolol plus verapamil, and group C had serial tests with propranolol alone, procainamide or quinidine (class Ia drug) alone, and propranolol plus a class Ia drug until VT could no longer be induced. All six patients in group A responded to propranolol alone. In group B, one patient responded to verapamil alone, and two patients responded to propranolol plus verapamil. In group C, three patients responded to propranolol alone, one patient responded to a class Ia drug alone, and one patient responded to propranolol plus a class Ia drug. During a follow-up of 7 to 37 (17.9 +/- 10.7) (+/- S.D.) months, VT has not recurred in any patient. Three patients treated initially with propranolol alone have required substitution of amiodarone due to refractory congestive heart failure . In patients requiring isoproterenol for VT induction, beta-blockade alone appears to be effective in preventing reinduction of VT caused by enhanced automaticity. A heterogeneous response occurs when the VT mechanisms are triggered automaticity or reentry.", "source": null}
{"doc_id": "193a4f7cc44d0bf1d41f408cb02836dd", "sentence": "We used MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells incubated with Curcumin and Quercetin for 24h , in the absence and presence of Somatostatin , at their EC50 concentrations , to evaluate membrane fatty acid-based functional lipidomics together with the follow-up of EGFR and MAPK signaling pathways .", "spans": [{"span_id": 0, "text": "Curcumin", "start": 63, "end": 71, "token_start": 10, "token_end": 11}, {"span_id": 1, "text": "Somatostatin", "start": 127, "end": 139, "token_start": 22, "token_end": 23}, {"span_id": 2, "text": "Quercetin", "start": 76, "end": 85, "token_start": 12, "token_end": 13}], "rels": [{"class": "COMB", "spans": [0, 1, 2], "is_context_needed": true}], "paragraph": "Effects of Somatostatin, Curcumin and Quercetin on the fatty acid profile of breast cancer cell membranes. We used MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells incubated with Curcumin and Quercetin for 24h , in the absence and presence of Somatostatin , at their EC50 concentrations , to evaluate membrane fatty acid-based functional lipidomics together with the follow-up of EGFR and MAPK signaling pathways . The two cell lines gave different membrane free fatty acid reorganization: in MCF-7 cells, the following changes observed: increase of omega-6 linoleic acid in the cells incubated with Somatostatin+Quercetin and Quercetin and decrease of omega-3 acids in the cells incubated with Somatostatin+Curcumin compared to Somatostatin, and significant increases of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), mono-trans arachidonic acid levels and docosapentaenoic acid for the cells incubated with Somatostatin+Quercetin compared to the control cells. In MDA-MB231 cells, incubations with Curcumin, Quercetin and Somatostatin+Quercetin induced the most significant membrane remodeling with the increase of stearic acid, diminution of omega-6 linoleic, arachidonic acids and omega-3 (docosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids). Distinct signaling pathway changes were found for these cell lines. In MCF-7 cells, separate or combined incubations with Somatostatin and Quercetin, significantly decreased EGFR and incubation with Curcumin decreased MAPK signaling. In MDA-MB231 cells, incubation with Curcumin decreased AKT1 and p-AKT1(Thr308) levels. Incubation with Curcumin and Quercetin decreased the EGFR levels.", "source": null}
{"doc_id": "372093725b8ad8e4eb9b742e47c77bde", "sentence": "Combination treatment with cetuximab and nystatin selectively increased cetuximab uptake by tumor tissues , translating into potentiated antitumor efficacy of cetuximab in vivo ( A431 and A549 tumors ) .", "spans": [{"span_id": 0, "text": "cetuximab", "start": 27, "end": 36, "token_start": 3, "token_end": 4}, {"span_id": 1, "text": "nystatin", "start": 41, "end": 49, "token_start": 5, "token_end": 6}, {"span_id": 2, "text": "cetuximab", "start": 72, "end": 81, "token_start": 8, "token_end": 9}, {"span_id": 3, "text": "cetuximab", "start": 159, "end": 168, "token_start": 20, "token_end": 21}], "rels": [{"class": "POS", "spans": [0, 1], "is_context_needed": false}], "paragraph": "Enhancement of tumor uptake and therapeutic efficacy of EGFR-targeted antibody cetuximab and antibody-drug conjugates by cholesterol sequestration. Cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), has been intensively investigated as a promising cancer treatment strategy. The specific mechanism of cetuximab endocytosis and its influence on cetuximab uptake, biodistribution and efficacy still remain elusive. Recently, statins have been reported to synergize with EGFR-targeting agents. Our prior work established that nystatin, a cholesterol-sequestering antifungal drug, facilitates endocytosis via the clathrin-dependent pathway. This study aimed to investigate whether nystatin regulates the uptake and efficacy of cetuximab and cetuximab-based antibody-drug conjugates (cetuximab-ADCs). In vitro and in vivo efficacies of nystatin on the uptake and activity of cetuximab/cetuximab-ADCs were studied in multiple human carcinoma cell lines and xenograft models, respectively. We identified that cholesterol sequestration by nystatin enhanced cetuximab internalization in EGFR-positive carcinoma cells by regulating EGFR trafficking/turnover and facilitating a switch from lipid rafts to clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Combination treatment with cetuximab and nystatin selectively increased cetuximab uptake by tumor tissues , translating into potentiated antitumor efficacy of cetuximab in vivo ( A431 and A549 tumors ) . Nystatin-enhanced internalization of cetuximab further improved the uptake and potency of cetuximab-doxorubicin and cetuximab-methotrexate conjugates in EGFR-positive cetuximab-resistant tumors. Combination therapy with nystatin plus either cetuximab or cetuximab-ADC further prolonged animal survival and significantly suppressed tumor growth, as compared with single-agent cetuximab or cetuximab-ADC. In summary, our results identify a novel mechanism whereby cholesterol sequestration enhances the uptake of EGFR-targeting mAb and ADCs, therefore providing preclinical proof-of-concept that combination with nystatin can potentiate the delivery and efficacy of these EGFR-targeted agents. ", "source": null}
{"doc_id": "b365bab924d6bf0ef690410647d720fa", "sentence": "The effects of combination therapy with chenodeoxycholic acid ( CDCA ) and simvastatin on serum cholestanol , low-density lipoprotein ( LDL ) cholesterol , and lathosterol levels were investigated in seven adult patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis ( CTX ) who were on long-term treatment with CDCA .", "spans": [{"span_id": 0, "text": "chenodeoxycholic", "start": 40, "end": 56, "token_start": 6, "token_end": 7}, {"span_id": 1, "text": "simvastatin", "start": 75, "end": 86, "token_start": 12, "token_end": 13}], "rels": [{"class": "POS", "spans": [0, 1], "is_context_needed": true}], "paragraph": "Effect of simvastatin in addition to chenodeoxycholic acid in patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. The effects of combination therapy with chenodeoxycholic acid ( CDCA ) and simvastatin on serum cholestanol , low-density lipoprotein ( LDL ) cholesterol , and lathosterol levels were investigated in seven adult patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis ( CTX ) who were on long-term treatment with CDCA . The patients were treated with a combination of CDCA 750 mg daily and an increasing dose of simvastatin from 10 mg to 40 mg daily for a period of 6 months. We found a significant effect of this combination therapy compared with CDCA alone in terms of decreasing the serum cholestanol and LDL cholesterol levels, particularly with a daily dose of 40 mg simvastatin. The mean cholestanol level decreased from 9.27 micromol/L (baseline) to 6.69 micromol/L (40 mg simvastatin), while the mean LDL cholesterol level decreased from 5.08 mmol/L (baseline) to 3.04 mmol/L (40 mg simvastatin). No side effects were reported, and there were no effects on the clinical condition, cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), visual evoked potentials, and electroencephalographic features. We conclude that a combination of 750 mg CDCA and 40 mg simvastatin daily is effective to further reduce serum cholestanol, LDL cholesterol, and lathosterol in adult CTX patients treated with long-term CDCA. Whether this combination treatment will be effective for the long-term prevention of neurological deterioration and atherosclerosis remains to be established.", "source": null}
{"doc_id": "7b04d23796fbc56edeec27c121cb1b84", "sentence": "Paclitaxel ( Taxol ; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , NJ ) has been demonstrated to be highly effective in treating patients with advanced breast cancer , including those with anthracycline-resistant breast cancer , a fact that has led to efforts to combine paclitaxel and anthracyclines .", "spans": [{"span_id": 0, "text": "Paclitaxel", "start": 0, "end": 10, "token_start": 0, "token_end": 1}, {"span_id": 1, "text": "paclitaxel", "start": 268, "end": 278, "token_start": 43, "token_end": 44}, {"span_id": 2, "text": "anthracyclines", "start": 283, "end": 297, "token_start": 45, "token_end": 46}], "rels": [{"class": "COMB", "spans": [1, 2], "is_context_needed": true}], "paragraph": "Paclitaxel and doxorubicin in metastatic breast cancer. For the past decades the anthracyclines have been regarded as among the most active drugs for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. However, the 5-year survival rate in patients with stage IV breast cancer continues to be below 20%, and new active drugs and drug combinations clearly must be explored. Paclitaxel ( Taxol ; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , NJ ) has been demonstrated to be highly effective in treating patients with advanced breast cancer , including those with anthracycline-resistant breast cancer , a fact that has led to efforts to combine paclitaxel and anthracyclines . Several studies aiming to define the optimal dose and schedule of combination paclitaxel/doxorubicin have now been completed or are ongoing. Phase I/II studies have yielded encouraging preliminary response rates but quite variable toxicity profiles depending on the schedule used. These clinical trials involving combination paclitaxel/doxorubicin are reviewed, with special emphasis on the short-infusion trials.", "source": null}
{"q_id": "5lcjq6", "title": "How do you claim undiscovered land?", "selftext": "If your on a boat, sailing through lets say the Pacific and you come across an island and later on you find its an undiscovered island then can you claim it as your own land if your are A. In international waters B. Belong to a country or are a citizen of a country? If you have the answer, who would you talk to to claim the land. By the way, this is just a hypothetical.", "category": "Other", "subreddit": "explainlikeimfive", "answers": {"a_id": ["dbuplm8", "dbuocvb", "dbux9vf"], "text": ["Imagine you are out walking in the woods near your house and you find a cave. You think to yourself, \"Gee that's a real nice cave, there's just enough room for my rocket car, my crime fighting computer and my superhero costume collection. It'd be perfect for me.\" Let's say that nobody already owns the cave, so you move in and bring in all your stuff. You carve a costume wardrobe into one of the stone walls, grab a shovel and flatten the floor a bit so your rocket car can drive in and out. After you've finished working on the cave and fixing it up you start to think of it as yours. But not everybody agrees. There's another guy a few miles away who also fancies himself a billionaire superhero like you. Flies around in a stupid metal suit that he made himself while a prisoner of the Taliban or something like that. Anyway, one day he walks by and sees your cave and thinks, \"That's a great cave, I should make that my lair.\" So he comes in for a chat. He starts by telling you that he's going to move into your cave because it's his. You tell him to get stuffed, and that if he tries to take it from you, you'll be forced to unwrap a bundle of BAM!, POW! and WHOOF! on him. And what's more, you've recently adopted a teenage boy who'll do the same. \"Yeah?\" says the guy, \"Well if that's how you feel, I'm friends with a cryogenically frozen soldier, a Norse god and some dude who owns a bow and arrow. They'll back me up if I ask them. Your move.\" \"So what?\" you say. \"One of my friends is a super strong refugee from a dying planet, another is a mythical Amazonian warrior and there's also a guy who was electrocuted by lightning while drowning in toxic chemicals. They'll take your friends for sure.\" \"Yeah? We'll see. How fast can your friends be here?\" \"Funny you should ask. There's something I didn't tell you about my friend who got struck by lightning.\" Suddenly a phone rings. It's the other guy's cell. On the phone is a cool, english sounding voice with immense gravitas. \"Forget the cave.\" it says. \"I've spent my life training superhero teams at my private academy, and I'm telling you, your team is outgunned. In any case, nobody else wants a fight over this cave when we should all be working together for the good of mankind. Everyone else has decided the cave is his cause he claimed it first. So walk away.\" This call makes all the difference. The other guy might not be happy, but he leaves you in peace. The cave is yours because a) you claimed it b) you were in a position to defend it and c) everyone else agreed that your claim and ability to defend were substantial enough to recognise your right of ownership.", "By force. Historically, nations have defended their territory via their military or the military of their allies. If you want to keep an undiscovered island for yourself, be prepared to fight for it.", "With a flag and an force/money to back the claim. Now you've got a claim and prevented people from conquering it. The next step is making everybody else acknowledge the claim you have is legitimate. Historically that was usually done by force and/or transporting people there. If you're interested there is discovered and unclaimed land in several places in the world (terra nullius). Antartica has the most unclaimed land. A few other places have border disputes that result in neither side accepting a small chunk of land."], "score": [195, 39, 5], "text_urls": [[], [], []]}, "title_urls": ["url"], "selftext_urls": ["url"]}
{"q_id": "5lcl43", "title": "Why do we fail to do realistic human CGI (like in SW Rouge One) yet we do it so great on non-human beings (like in Warcraft)?", "selftext": "Title pretty much, thanks for answers in advance!", "category": "Technology", "subreddit": "explainlikeimfive", "answers": {"a_id": ["dbuns7l", "dbunw2c", "dbup34d", "dbuo2f1"], "text": ["It's more that we're really good at picking up subtle mistakes in humans, and fantasy beasts have no reference, so its a lot harder for them to look wrong.", "Probably because we are so adapted to human skin/tone/etc. that our brains can pick out what is real and what is fake. Since we can't actually conceptualize what alien skin would be, real or fake is no different to us. Think about it like being scared as a child by a man dressed in a costume, over time we learn and accept that it is fake and not a threat (except clowns fuck that shit).", "When was the last time you compared an Orc IRL to WoW?", "It's a phenomenon known as the uncanny valley. We are very good at noticing when something is off with our fellow human beings."], "score": [34, 11, 7, 7], "text_urls": [[], [], [], []]}, "title_urls": ["url"], "selftext_urls": ["url"]}
{"q_id": "5lcr1h", "title": "Why is it that we calm down when we take a deep breath, hold it for a few seconds and exhale?", "selftext": "", "category": "Biology", "subreddit": "explainlikeimfive", "answers": {"a_id": ["dbuusst"], "text": ["Anxiety/stress are the result of your sympathetic nervous system being activated (fight or flight response). When we are threatened we experience a variety of physical effects, e.g. increased heart rate, GI upset, jittery muscles, *rapid shallow breathing*. This helps us fight the threat or run away from it. Helpful when facing down a sabre-toothed tiger; not so much when we can't speak to a large group. The parasympathetic nervous system works in opposition to the sympathetic nervous system. It's the \"all is well\" setting for your bod- relaxation in terms of muscle and heart rate, *slow deep abdominal breathing*. What intentional deep breathing does is activate the parasympathetic nervous system, even if there is an anxiety-provoking event. Basically you are overriding the stress response with the \"nothing to worry about\" system. Since you can't simultaneously be threatened and unthreatened, your body takes the cue from the slow breathing to reduce or eliminate entirely the stress response."], "score": [8], "text_urls": [[]]}, "title_urls": ["url"], "selftext_urls": ["url"]}
{"q_id": "5lcsyf", "title": "Why does 1080p on a 4k TV look better than 1080p on a 1080p TV?", "selftext": "", "category": "Technology", "subreddit": "explainlikeimfive", "answers": {"a_id": ["dbuq0qt", "dbuqstj"], "text": ["In a 1080p screen each pixel is represented by four individual points of light, one for each color and two for green. However when projecting 1080p video on a 4K screen you have 16 individual points of light for each pixel. This gives you a lot more room to play with. If you just map it naively you end up with a crispier image since there now is less distance between the pixels. However you have room for some filters on top which can interpolate the additional pixels from the surrounding pixels depending on the context. So an intelligent algorithm will find out where you want a smoother gradient and where you want a crispier line.", "Besides what people are saying about upscaling interpolation. It may just be a better tv, the same way an excellent 1080p will look better than a Westinghouse UHD tv. Another option is vibrant picture settings, like added sharpness and enhanced color, which while they give you what the picture is supposed to look like, it makes it more eye catching."], "score": [9, 4], "text_urls": [[], []]}, "title_urls": ["url"], "selftext_urls": ["url"]}
{"q_id": "5lcz56", "title": "How is property in outer space valued? If the earth colonized Mars what government/organisation would technically own it", "selftext": "ELI5: How is property in outer space valued? If the earth colonized Mars what government/organisation would technically own it", "category": "Other", "subreddit": "explainlikeimfive", "answers": {"a_id": ["dbusxe1"], "text": ["There's a [treaty] ( URL_0 ) that forbids countries from claiming territory in outer space. That means that while theoretically a private company could simply go up there and claim it, but it wouldn't be recognised by any earthly government... they'd have to set up their own government"], "score": [5], "text_urls": [["https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outer_Space_Treaty"]]}, "title_urls": ["url"], "selftext_urls": ["url"]}
{"q_id": "5ld008", "title": "Why does lights make a \"blinking\" effect when looking at them from far away?", "selftext": "", "category": "Other", "subreddit": "explainlikeimfive", "answers": {"a_id": ["dbusvko"], "text": ["Because of the air in between you and the light source. The air is at slightly different temperatures so it's like a heat shimmer effect you get above a fire, also the air is full of dust and other stuff we don't normally notice, but at distances it blocks a bit of the light."], "score": [5], "text_urls": [[]]}, "title_urls": ["url"], "selftext_urls": ["url"]}
{"q_id": "5ld14u", "title": "Why are internet speeds in America so slow", "selftext": "", "category": "Technology", "subreddit": "explainlikeimfive", "answers": {"a_id": ["dburxe8", "dbursr8", "dbuuxnd", "dbuutes", "dbuy0vg", "dbuxrff", "dbuyci8", "dbuy3lo", "dbuxujv", "dbuxyrh", "dbuyev3", "dbuy1ya", "dbux4mj"], "text": ["It mainly has to do with the monopoly that ISP's hold over different areas. Most people have one choice for their internet provider. It's not like you can switch to a different company if you aren't happy with their shit service. Another thing is that the capacity for fast internet exists it's just that they have no reason to give it to you. My city recently became a prospective city for google fiber and TWC immediately upgraded our 20mb/s connection (maximum available) to 100mb/s for free and also started offering 200mb/s and 300mb/s for not much extra. They're also doing everything they can lawsuit wise to keep google fiber out of the city", "Verizon has the best coverage, but it's not the fastest, I'm visiting family in Atlanta and I get > 110Mbps on T-Mobile. Though, I'm on their Wi-Fi as [it's much faster]( URL_0 ) (he's an exec at HP so gotta have fast Internet). 90% of the answer is because they can. 10% of the answer is because money, America is huge, and dense, so having to have thousands/millions of cell towers spread across the country and having hundreds in a single city is expensive in regards to renting out the land, supplying enough data per tower, etc.", "Of all of the countries to use as an example, you use Australia? They still have a good chunk of the country on dialup since it's such a large region but has only six or so metropolitan areas. Really, America's internet speeds aren't that bad. They're not #1 but I think they were in the top 10. Meanwhile, Australia is still trying to build a fiber network but its own government keeps sabotaging it", "Several reasons: 1. there's little or no competition in most markets. 2. the cost of starting up puts it out of reach for most companies. Even Google is growing insanely slow due to the cost of laying new lines 3. we've got other problems. My Internet is reliable (like 95%+ uptime) and fast enough (50 Mb) for just about anything my family of 4 needs for $65 a month. The only way things are going to change is if we make a widespread political effort to change it and frankly, my efforts there are better spent on other issues.", "Speeds are so slow because the telecom industry in America is a monopoly. In certain areas you only have one choice for a provider, so why would they spend money to improve their services if you don't have any other choice? The telecom industry has been vigorously lobbying and filing lawsuits to prevent competition. Things like poles, switches, and boxes (the kind you find outside) are owned and rented out. Lawsuits have been thrown around to prevent other companies from using those utilities which makes it hard to compete. Telecom companies also sign deals with the cities themselves. If the city attempts to provide their own internet they would get sued. The only reason Google Fiber was able to become a thing is because Google could afford to build their own utilities and fight in court with a chance of winning. The American telecom industry is the poster child of corruption and bad morals and ethics. They are not satisfied with their 97% profit margins and don't care one bit about making the world a better, more connected place. It is because of Google Fiber that companies like Comcast are finally starting to improve their networks, because it is clear to both sides that the moment Google Fiber is available everybody will jump ship. These companies are fully aware of what they are doing and how damaging they are and are terrified that their monopoly will end.", "Most people here simply do not understand how absurdly expensive running fiber is here in the US. A lot of it is all the codes and standards, environmental protections etc. Just to give you an example. When we tried to build a single fiber run to a local school, the cost was $75,000. We got an estimate for wiring the entire small city for fiber (every home) and it came out to about $35 million. That's for about 15,000 people. That's almost $2400 per person if every single one of those 15,000 signs up. That's just the fiber and equipment, no bandwidth to backhaul providers, etc. And this involves no big greedy corporations who just want to charge you a ton of money because they are evil and diabolical as is the common belief on Reddit. And in the real world, this notion that bandwidth costs nothing is simply untrue. Sure there are some companies that trade bandwidth. So long as they are both sending each other the same amount of data each way, they don't charge each other for that mutual bandwidth. But its not very common for ISPs. The US is very vast and has lot of mountains in many areas. Those long distances cost a huge amount of money to cover, as do areas like mountains. So take the endless claims that it's all about big greedy corporations with a grain of salt. Feel free to do some research and see how much it would cost you if you were to build your own fiber network non-profit and you will see for yourself.", "You won't get 200Mbps on Telstra LTE most of the time unless you're very lucky. First of all, the guy is in Melbourne, speedtesting to a Telstra server. Telstra has its HQ in Melbourne, and they have very strong mobile reception here (plus in other cities). But outside of the bigger cities, or even in the suburbs, the mobile cells are further spaced out, so there's more congestion and generally the speeds drop off a bit. It is pretty good though, I'm currently getting 85Mbps inside my house (Melbourne suburbs, about 8km from the CBD). Telstra is a world leader in LTE technology, they're investing a lot of money in it. If you moved to another carrier, you wouldn't get as good service. However the fixed line internet in Australia is nowhere near as good, as other commenters have said. Also, mobile data is expensive here, especially with Telstra (best network, so they charge more). You get 10GB on a $120/month plan with an iPhone 7 (unlimited talk and text). And when you go over the 10GB, it doesn't throttle your speed, you get charged at a $10/GB rate. Source: I'm currently doing an internship at Telstra :)", "LOL, sure you can get those speeds in Aus, but i mean you have a max of like 25GB before you start paying $10 per GB over that. Source: Am an internet seller man", "America is where the technology is developed. As a result it's usually the first country to get things and gets technology 1.0. As the technology gets deployed people figure improvements, better ways to do stuff, upgrades, etc and technology 2.0 is developed. Usually this updated technology is deployed in the rest of the world after the USA. So why don't you just upgrade the technology? Well, upgrading usually costs more money, and technology 1.0 tends to be good enough. BTW, this doesn't just refer to LTE cell phones, but to credit card chips (which most of the world had before us), and other stuff that's deployed first to the US and later to the world.", "I work for T-Mobile as a project manager. We are the fastest in our area and many others but it really depends on the spectrum owned by the carrier. The US government (FCC) Is in charge of dividing up the available spectrum via auctions. 5MHZ of additional spectrum can cost billions of dollars per market (geographic area). That's the reason he carriers are always trying to merge or buy each other out. It isn't the towers, customers, or equipment. It's the spectrum. The carrier with the most bandwidth owns the speed and thus owns the customers. It's a vicious game.", "There's an Adam Ruins Everything on this. If I remember correctly the TLDR is that since the govt thought that I'd all be just a fad, they didn't stop monopalization- There's barely any competition so no pressure to get any better.", "Collusion. Companies spend the absolute bare minimum they need to maintain their networks and strike deals amongst themselves so as not to have to compete with anyone else. When someone like Google Fiber comes into the market, they use lawyers and politicians to help keep them out and protect their fiefdoms.", "The geographical area that is covered in other countries is is tiny compared to in the US. Even in countries that are larger than 1/50th of the US, they still only supply internet to their larger cities and metropolitan areas. Also, CDMA is an anti-competitive technology. Verizon is a CDMA company in the US. Everywhere else, GSM (Like T-Mobile and AT & T) is mandated and pretty much open to competitive forces which improve service and decrease consumer costs."], "score": [423, 321, 235, 52, 22, 13, 9, 8, 8, 6, 3, 3, 3], "text_urls": [[], ["http://www.speedtest.net/my-result/i/1916489877"], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []]}, "title_urls": ["url"], "selftext_urls": ["url"]}
{"q_id": "5ld1ko", "title": "How are pop-up and generally annoying web ads viable?", "selftext": "Go to a news website, or any website in general, and you get bombarded with pop-up ads, ads that start playing videos automatically, etc. - how is this intrusive advertising even remotely beneficial to the advertiser anymore? It seems like this type of advertising would do more harm to their brand than help. Do they actually generate substantial traffic and revenue for the advertiser?", "category": "Other", "subreddit": "explainlikeimfive", "answers": {"a_id": ["dbusu9z", "dbuynrr"], "text": ["The same reason you get viagra and penis pill spam in your email. Some people are unbelievably stupid and willing to spend money to prove it.", "> It seems like this type of advertising would do more harm to their brand than help I suspect most of us associate annoyance with the *ad* itself, but not the *brand* behind the ad (E.g., I know I don't hate Coke because of their annoying ads). It also doesn't matter much if ads are annoying. Half the job is making people remember. What annoying ads do? Make people remember. If we forgot them in 30 seconds they probably would be annoying in the first place. There's also a few interesting studies I've heard of about us being more receptive to the '*skip this ad in 5 sec*' type, because for that five second period we are paying attention to try and skip it asap, whereas on telly we zone out almost immediately. > Do they actually generate substantial traffic and revenue for the advertiser? They don't even need to generate revenue directly or immediately. Many marketing things are long term and look like they are losing money on paper. Primarily, they just need to make sure you are aware of that brand. Do you know how often I see ads to [Grammarly]( URL_0 )? Sure, I find the ads annoying. However, I now *know* about the product and if I wanted a service like that it's the first one that comes to mind. Because of those ads, before I even used the service or product, I have a 'stereotype' of that product. People often use these stereotypes when making purchases. In this case, I'd be making a comparison between a complete unknown and something I've seen on an ad. For many, that's enough to change their decision and behaviour."], "score": [13, 4], "text_urls": [[], ["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammarly"]]}, "title_urls": ["url"], "selftext_urls": ["url"]}
{"q_id": "5ld2d4", "title": "Why would a drug dealer lace their product with carfentanil, which is causing so many OD deaths? Aren't they reducing their own customer base?", "selftext": "I ask as a paramedic who responds to these ODs. We are getting more and more warnings about dangerous opiates that can even cause us to OD if we inadvertently come into contact with a trace amount.", "category": "Other", "subreddit": "explainlikeimfive", "answers": {"a_id": ["dburzdt", "dbv0j8q", "dbus4os", "dbv1vpa"], "text": ["So, my source is an informational presentation from a law enforcement officer. If someone wants to add a different perspective, by all means... Dealers want to be known for having the strongest stuff around. Yes, people OD. They consider it advertising.", "Tldr it makes the drugs stronger and more addictive. It's easier to get hooked so they sell more", "Usually it's too either A) be more addictive, and/or B) be known to have the strongest and best shit around. So if someone overdoses, other people might assume its strong and possibly the best around. This will interest more people to buy from that dealer", "I just learned this. It's because when people OD the people buying drugs think that dudes stuff must be awesome and it actually gets them more customers vs others. Plus the stuff they put in is so much cheaper than the actual product that they make a much higher profit margin."], "score": [5, 3, 3, 3], "text_urls": [[], [], [], []]}, "title_urls": ["url"], "selftext_urls": ["url"]}
{"text": "R&Boring", "label": "negative"}
{"ID_Post": "132", "ID_Parent_Post": "", "ID_Article": "2", "ID_User": "28073", "CreatedAt": "2015-10-09 11:33:07.227", "Status": "online", "Headline": "Irgendwie...", "Body": "kommen manche Posts nicht durch :(", "PositiveVotes": 0, "NegativeVotes": 0, "Category": 5, "Value": 1, "Fold": 1}
{"ID_Post": "182", "ID_Parent_Post": "", "ID_Article": "3", "ID_User": "21315", "CreatedAt": "2016-01-27 08:01:57.927", "Status": "online", "Headline": "", "Body": "Wie komme ich zu meiner postinguebersicht?", "PositiveVotes": 2, "NegativeVotes": 0, "Category": 5, "Value": 1, "Fold": 1}
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{"text": "Why am I unable verify my id?", "inputs": {"text": "Why am I unable verify my id?"}, "prediction": [{"label": "NEGATIVE", "score": 0.9997703433036804}, {"label": "POSITIVE", "score": 0.00022961394279263914}], "prediction_agent": "distilbert-base-uncased-finetuned-sst-2-english", "annotation": null, "annotation_agent": null, "multi_label": false, "explanation": null, "id": null, "metadata": {"category": 68}, "status": "Default", "event_timestamp": null, "metrics": null}
{"text": "There was an unexpected fee for my cash withdrawal!", "inputs": {"text": "There was an unexpected fee for my cash withdrawal!"}, "prediction": [{"label": "NEGATIVE", "score": 0.9778167605400085}, {"label": "POSITIVE", "score": 0.022183235734701157}], "prediction_agent": "distilbert-base-uncased-finetuned-sst-2-english", "annotation": null, "annotation_agent": null, "multi_label": false, "explanation": null, "id": null, "metadata": {"category": 19}, "status": "Default", "event_timestamp": null, "metrics": null}
{"text": "Is there something wrong with the transferring functions? I keep trying to transfer funds and only get an error message.", "inputs": {"text": "Is there something wrong with the transferring functions? I keep trying to transfer funds and only get an error message."}, "prediction": [{"label": "NEGATIVE", "score": 0.9995494484901428}, {"label": "POSITIVE", "score": 0.0004505495890043676}], "prediction_agent": "distilbert-base-uncased-finetuned-sst-2-english", "annotation": null, "annotation_agent": null, "multi_label": false, "explanation": null, "id": null, "metadata": {"category": 7}, "status": "Default", "event_timestamp": null, "metrics": null}
{"text": "Do you deal with EUR?", "inputs": {"text": "Do you deal with EUR?"}, "prediction": [{"label": "NEGATIVE", "score": 0.9414907097816467}, {"label": "POSITIVE", "score": 0.05850931257009506}], "prediction_agent": "distilbert-base-uncased-finetuned-sst-2-english", "annotation": null, "annotation_agent": null, "multi_label": false, "explanation": null, "id": null, "metadata": {"category": 36}, "status": "Default", "event_timestamp": null, "metrics": null}
{"text": "Do I need to convert my currency from GBP before transferring?", "inputs": {"text": "Do I need to convert my currency from GBP before transferring?"}, "prediction": [{"label": "NEGATIVE", "score": 0.9994083642959595}, {"label": "POSITIVE", "score": 0.0005916773225180805}], "prediction_agent": "distilbert-base-uncased-finetuned-sst-2-english", "annotation": null, "annotation_agent": null, "multi_label": false, "explanation": null, "id": null, "metadata": {"category": 50}, "status": "Default", "event_timestamp": null, "metrics": null}
{"text": "The exchange rate for my electronic payment is incorrect.", "inputs": {"text": "The exchange rate for my electronic payment is incorrect."}, "prediction": [{"label": "NEGATIVE", "score": 0.9997139573097229}, {"label": "POSITIVE", "score": 0.00028598352218978107}], "prediction_agent": "distilbert-base-uncased-finetuned-sst-2-english", "annotation": null, "annotation_agent": null, "multi_label": false, "explanation": null, "id": null, "metadata": {"category": 17}, "status": "Default", "event_timestamp": null, "metrics": null}
{"text": "Why can't I withdraw money?", "inputs": {"text": "Why can't I withdraw money?"}, "prediction": [{"label": "NEGATIVE", "score": 0.9886411428451538}, {"label": "POSITIVE", "score": 0.011358940973877907}], "prediction_agent": "distilbert-base-uncased-finetuned-sst-2-english", "annotation": null, "annotation_agent": null, "multi_label": false, "explanation": null, "id": null, "metadata": {"category": 26}, "status": "Default", "event_timestamp": null, "metrics": null}
{"text": "I accidentally put in the wrong pin too many times and now I need to unblock it. Can you assist with this?", "inputs": {"text": "I accidentally put in the wrong pin too many times and now I need to unblock it. Can you assist with this?"}, "prediction": [{"label": "NEGATIVE", "score": 0.9992648959159851}, {"label": "POSITIVE", "score": 0.000735073524992913}], "prediction_agent": "distilbert-base-uncased-finetuned-sst-2-english", "annotation": null, "annotation_agent": null, "multi_label": false, "explanation": null, "id": null, "metadata": {"category": 49}, "status": "Default", "event_timestamp": null, "metrics": null}
{"text": "Why do i have to verify my top-up card?", "inputs": {"text": "Why do i have to verify my top-up card?"}, "prediction": [{"label": "NEGATIVE", "score": 0.9991349577903748}, {"label": "POSITIVE", "score": 0.0008651257958263159}], "prediction_agent": "distilbert-base-uncased-finetuned-sst-2-english", "annotation": null, "annotation_agent": null, "multi_label": false, "explanation": null, "id": null, "metadata": {"category": 71}, "status": "Default", "event_timestamp": null, "metrics": null}
{"text": "What reasons would cause my card payment to be cancelled?", "inputs": {"text": "What reasons would cause my card payment to be cancelled?"}, "prediction": [{"label": "NEGATIVE", "score": 0.9996817111968994}, {"label": "POSITIVE", "score": 0.000318265228997916}], "prediction_agent": "distilbert-base-uncased-finetuned-sst-2-english", "annotation": null, "annotation_agent": null, "multi_label": false, "explanation": null, "id": null, "metadata": {"category": 53}, "status": "Default", "event_timestamp": null, "metrics": null}
{"text": "EPIC RAP BATTLES OF HISTORY!\nMITT ROMNEY!\nVERSUS!\nBARACK OBAMA!\nBEGIN!\nIm not gonna let this battle be dictated by facts\nIm rich, I got fat stacks and Super PACs\nWe all know what went down in that 2008 election\nYoure a decent politician with a winning complexion\nYoure all Barack and no bite\nBeen no change and were all still hoping\nThat youll shut your mouth\nBut like Guantanamo Bay theyre both open\nYoure from the windy city\nWhere youre looking pretty with your blowhards\nBut come January, youll be left evicted and with no job\nRaw rhymes stronger than my jaw line when I spit a phrase\nKnocking you harder than front doors in my old mission days\nYou see this silver spoon?\nThis dug Mass out of debt\nTook you four years to drop unemployment down below 8%\nYou feel that Barry? Youre old news, everyones having doubts\nAnd your rhymes are as weak as this economy that youve done nothing about\nCall me a vicious businessman cause Romneys stealing this race\nIll go Bain Capital on your donkey ass, restructure your face\nThey say your father was a great man, you must be whats left\nNeed to stop hatin on gays, let em teach you how to dress\nYouve got the momma jeans, and a Mister Fantastic face\nSo rich and white its like Im running against a cheesecake!\nRepublicans need a puppet and you fit\nGot their hands so far up your rear, call you Mitt\nIm the head of state, youre like a head of cabbage\nBout to get smacked by my stimulus package\nYoure a bad man with no chance, you cant even touch me\nI got four more years in the White House, just trust me\nI hoped you saved your best rhymes for the second half\nCause right now, Im 47% through kicking your ass\nWhatever, that 40% thing got you real mad\nWhat, did it remind you how many decent parents you had?\nUh, look, I respect all religions, uh, but it might get crazy\nIf the White House has a first, second, and a third lady!\nHa, dont bring up wives, man, what are you doing?\nYou got hitched to the female version of Patrick Ewing!\nUh, let me be clear, uh, dont get it twisted\nWell see how pretty your face is after my fist has kissed it\nAhhuuhhhaa\nYoure a stuttering communist\nOh yeah? Well youre stupid\nYoure stupid\nNuh-uh\nErrggg\nErrggg\nCawwww!\nBy the power invested in me by this giant bald bird\nThe President shall not be the shiniest of two turds!\nYou! I wanna like you! Dont talk about change, just do it!\nI fought for what was on my brain until a bullet went through it!\nAnd you, moneybags, youre a pancake, youre flip-floppity\nIts a country, not a company you can play like Monopoly!\nIll properly reach across the aisle and bitch-smack you as equals!\nOf the people, by the people, for the people\nEagle!\nWHO WON?\nWHOS NEXT?\nYOU DECIDE!\nEPIC!\nRAP BATTLES OF HISTORY!"}
{"text": "EPIC RAP BATTLES OF HISTORY!\nSTEPHEN KING!\nVS!\nEDGAR ALLAN POE!\nBEGIN!\nOnce upon a midnight dreary, as I spit this weak and weary\nI will choke this joker with a trochee till his cheeks are teary \nBut yall dont hear me, all should fear me\nIll forever be better, youll never be near me\nYour books are as eerie as Beverly Cleary!\nYoure a faux Bram Stoker, so scram, the shows over\nYour flows so-so, Poes poems pwn posers \nI wrote em locked in a cave, while I sobbed in a rage\nThe Tell-Tale Heart beats soft in its grave\nWhile this jerk just beats off on a page\nYou wanna talk shop, you gothed-out fop?\nGo back to Hot Topic and shop for a top\nTheres a melancholy alcoholic laughing stock\nIn the Kings house, now watch the Castle Rock\nPouty little poet with an opiate affliction\nIm a workaholic with a fiction addiction\nIm making dedicated readers shivery and jittery\nFeel that Rage and Misery\nYou better start running, man\nYoure in deep poo, Poe\nIm a mad dog, fangs Shining, Cujo\nTommyknock you down till you cant stand up\nYoure as soft as Po, the Kung Fu Panda\nRacks on racks cause I pen fat stacks of frightening writing\nHave you seen the pile?\nI can even take a break from my routine style\nCrank out a Shawshank or a Green Mile\nMasque of the Red Death? Barely blood-curdling\nPit and the Pendulum? Not even unnerving\nPerving on your first cousin when shes thirteen years old?\nNow thats disturbing\nStephen you pretend to do it, Ive been really living through it\nLike misery and poverty and family woes\nI see through you like pantyhose,\nDoing Chappelle and Simpson cameos \nEven if youre gripping on a weapon, then you better get to stepping if youre messing with the horror lord\nIn a minute maybe, Imma hit him\nCut him into itty bitty bits and Ima stick em in the floorboards\nUh, speaking of bored, youre the worst\nDropped out of school but you cant drop a verse\nI could have spent that time better\nIn eight bars I can write a whole best-seller\nIm so prolific, this sickly goblin wont be bothering me\nIm on a clobbering spree\nAnd Ill be smacking you with any of the big thick books\nIn my big dick bibliography\nSee, Im the author with the blood and gore lore galore thatll horrify a reader to the core\nFame? Money? Talent? Success?\nYoull always have less \nWHO WON?\nWHOS NEXT?\nYOU DECIDE!\nEPIC! AHH! RAP BATTLES OF HISTORY!"}
{"text": "EPIC RAP BATTLES OF HISTORY!\nSKRILLEX!\nVS!\nMOZART!\nBEGIN!\nMy name is Skrillex, man! Welcome to the Devils Den\nIm a scary monster stomping this sprite in frilly pants\nYoure a weirdo, Wolfy, youre into powdered wigs & poop!\nAnd your cousin blew notes on your little Magic Flute\nYour daddy issues make the Jackson 5 look like the Family Circus!\nYou might have been a genius but you died baroque and worthless!\nIm rich, acclaimed, and famous, Im on playlists, Im the A-List!\nYoure the lamest, kiss my ass A-A-A-A-Amadeus\nWas that a verse, or did you just get the hiccups?\nIm a prodigy, Sonny, and Im about to smack a bitch up!\nMy music is 200 years old, and its still excellent!\nIn two more months the world will forget about your Skrill-excrement\nI cant believe the way you dress when you dubstep out of the house\nYoure like an emo Steve Urkel and you reek of dead mouse!\nI am the worlds greatest composer! No one knows what you are!\nExcept a lonely little troll who knows how to press a spacebar!\nI attack! You decay! Cant sustain my releases!\nSidechain, Wolfgang, Bangarang you to pieces\nIm a self-made man, youre a slave to your papa!\nIm a r-r-r-rock star, mix you with the bass and drop ya!\nGlobal! My strobes glow like Chernobyl!\nKids explode and get mobile! No one even knows you!\nI make the whole world move! You play community theatre!\nI gained your same fame from home on a blown out speaker!\nOh yes, Ive heard that EP, and see I transcribed it here\nTell me, what comes after the 68th measure of diarrhea?\nAnd what kind of drugs does it take to enjoy this? Ive no idea!\nIve seen more complexity in a couch from IKEA\nYou go piano to fortississimo, that means soft to very very loud\nCause Im guessing that you didnt know!\nWhy dont you put down your Cubase & pick up a real bow?\nI rocked harder than you when I was 5 years old!\nWHO WON?\nWHOS NEXT?\nYOU DECIDE!\nEPIC RAP B-B-B-B-B-BATTLES!\nOF HISTORY"}
{"text": "EPIC RAP BATTLES OF HISTORY!\nFRANK SINATRA!\nVS!\nFREDDIE MERCURY!\nBEGIN!\nHo! Whats wrong with your face? Baby, yikes!\nWith those teeth when youre through therell be no dust left to bite\nChrist, newsflash, kid: this is show business\nShow some class when you dress, shave that bush off your lips! Boom!\nYour bands named Queen, huh? Aint that sweet\nYou dance like you rode a bicycle race with no seat\nThats whats wrong with you people, youll do anything to get famous\nYou changed your name to Mercury, you shouldve been Freddie Uranus\nYou think I havent heard those things before?\nYoure just a bully whos too scared to go to war\nYou had a hit song called My Way, but someone else wrote it\nYoure the least talented rat in your whole pack of rodents\nYouve got four notes in your whole range, you cant act and you cant dance\nIm more powerful than you when Im wearing womens pants\nWhy do you stand there in a suit? its like youre trying to bore me\nWhen I rock the UK, South America gets horny\nBecause my songs have balls! Theyre the anthems of victory!\nYour music is like the sound track to a vasectomy\nYoure in the pocket of the mafia, and everybody knows\nGuinea Dago\nGuinea Dago?\nGuinea Dago, Figaro\nEasy, Jaws of Life, I cant stand a racist\nI love the coloreds and the queers, just ask Sammy Davis\nLook, we all want to swing, baby, but you took it too far\nYou played butthole roulette and you lost the draw!\nI took one for both teams from a disease no one knew existed\nI didnt leave a mark on history, I French kissed it!\nIm a champion of the world extinguished in his prime! \nSo kiss my ass Frankie but youll have to wait in line\nWHO WON?\nWHOS NEXT?\nYOU DECIDE!\nEEEEEEPIC \nEEEEEEPIC \nEEEEEEPIC RAP BATTLES OF HISTORY!"}
{"text": "EPIC RAP BATTLES OF HISTORY!\nMARTIN LUTHER KING!\nVS!\nGANDHI!\nBEGIN!\nYou want to battle wits? see whos a better pacifist\nI fought the caste system, but you still cannot touch this\nSlumdog skillionaire, first name Messiah\nRaps so hot I spit yoga fire\nEverything you preach, I said it first\nYou should just jot down these words, plagiarize my whole verse\nLeave your thoughts on the door like the real Martin Luther\nIm not thinking you shall overcome this Junior\nIm the King of civil rights from the city to suburbia\nNo shoes, no shirt, but Im still gonna serve ya\nMake you swallow your words so you can break the fast\nThen thank God almighty, you can eat at last\nI admire the way you broke the British power\nBut I have a dream that one day youll take a shower\nLike the H in your name, you ought to remain silent\nFlatten your style like bread, Naan-violence\nYou would know about bread, Dr.Birmingham sandwich\nBoycott those grits, sit in with some spinach\nWith protests and women, the same advice goes\nAlways stay away from the hos\nIve got so much street cred they write my name on the signs\nId ring you for tech support, but I got a no bell prize\nNigga, we got more beef than one of your sacred cows\nBut Im about to forgive you so hard right now\nI am passively resisting the fact that you suck\nI am celibate because I dont give a fuck\nWHO WON? WHOS NEXT? YOU DECIDE!\nEPIC RAP BATTLES OF HISTORY!"}