l11p/MMBench_EN-dev-captioned · Datasets at Hugging Face

index int64 1 3M	question stringclasses 382 values	hint stringclasses 98 values	A stringlengths 1 460	B stringlengths 1 460	C stringlengths 1 460	D stringlengths 1 460	answer stringclasses 4 values	category stringclasses 20 values	source stringclasses 569 values	l2-category stringclasses 6 values	comment stringclasses 180 values	split stringclasses 1 value	caption stringlengths 79 772
3,001,526	where is the cat?	nan	top-left	bottom-left	bottom-right	top-right	C	object_localization	https://farm3.staticflic…bbbde2b6b5_z.jpg	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev	A black-and-white dog rests on a patterned bedspread in a sunlit bedroom, gazing toward a window. A cat stands near the window with dark curtains, looking outside at trees visible through the glass. The unmade bed features scattered items and a decorative cover with circular designs. Light streams through the window, illuminating the room’s soft textures and the animals’ calm postures.
3,000,049	Which one is the correct caption of this image?	nan	An old building with a steeple and two clocks is surrounded by gray clouds.	a girl in shorts and shoes kicking a soccer ball in a stadium	A yellow and blue fire hydrant sitting on a sidewalk.	a woman a sign and a tan teddy bear	C	image_scene	description	coarse_perception	nan	dev	A yellow fire hydrant with blue accents stands on a concrete sidewalk near a street intersection. Above, a green highway sign indicates "Las Vegas North" with an arrow pointing left for Interstate 15. Traffic lights display green signals, and a clear blue sky overlooks the urban scene with distant buildings and vehicles.
3,000,712	Extract text from the image	nan	INDEPENDENCE	LIBERTY	AUTONOMY	FREEDOM	B	ocr	TextVQA test-split	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	0a96487c90a85f97.jpg	dev	A black-and-white line drawing depicts a multi-story Art Deco building with a prominent vertical "LIBERTY" sign on a tower. The structure features stepped, tiered facades with horizontal lines and rectangular windows, including three ground-floor doors and multiple smaller windows above. The building sits at a street corner, with sketched lines indicating the road and sidewalk in the foreground. The architectural details emphasize geometric shapes and clean, angular lines typical of early 20th-century design.
1,001,711	What's the function of the demonstrated object?	nan	Cutting platform	clean	measurement	Bulldozing	D	function_reasoning	https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=OE1UBVhR&id=0FC378CD43E25D93378DF0DEF447360A458377DC&thid=OIP.OE1UBVhR-y1LdvpvahAbVQHaE7&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fth.bing.com%2fth%2fid%2fR.384d54055851fb2d4b76fa6f6a101b55%3frik%3d3HeDRQo2R%252fTe8A%26riu%3dhttp%253a%252f%252fimages.998jx.com%252f20170422%252f14928310694748.jpg%26ehk%3dh%252bf5hufqEDrQ%252fVs32mTFa6Ac6EylnipHVNhYhsVYjCA%253d%26risl%3d%26pid%3dImgRaw%26r%3d0&exph=1066&expw=1600&q=%e6%8e%a8%e5%9c%9f%e6%9c%ba&simid=607996790708392152&FORM=IRPRST&ck=C39DA0A650C45C1C249CE8676C790077&selectedIndex=1&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev	A yellow bulldozer marked with "61PX" moves across a dirt field, its blade displacing soil and creating a trail of dust. The machine’s black cab and large tracked wheels are clearly visible under a clear blue sky. Distant green hills form the backdrop of the active construction site.
1,756	Which special day is associated with this poster?	nan	Earth Day.	Children's Day.	Father's Day.	Mother's Day	B	ocr	https://www.vecteezy.com/vector-art/699849-happy-children-s-day-balloon-poster	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev	A colorful hot air balloon with red and green vertical stripes displays "Happy Children's Day!" in playful, multicolored lettering. Three smiling children with varied hairstyles and clothing sit in the brown wicker basket beneath the balloon. The scene is set against a light blue sky dotted with fluffy white clouds. The balloon floats centrally, with the text prominently positioned on its upper section.
1,001,025	What is the achievement in this image?	nan	She will be the first to cross the finish line	She will finish last in the race	She will not finish the race	She will finish in the middle of the pack	A	future_prediction	Internet	logic_reasoning	nan	dev	A woman in a blue tank top and black shorts crosses a yellow finish line with raised arms, smiling broadly. Behind her, several runners in athletic wear follow on a paved path lined with greenery. The scene takes place outdoors on a sunny day with trees and grass visible in the background.
3,000,028	Which one is the correct caption of this image?	nan	A person sitting on a bench with lots of written signs.	A sad woman laying on a mattress on a hardwood floor.	A large long train on a steel track.	A series of parking meters and cars are located next to each other.	D	image_scene	description	coarse_perception	nan	dev	A row of dark gray parking meters lines a sunlit urban street, with the closest meter in sharp focus against a blurred background. Parked cars fill the right side of the frame, their metallic surfaces reflecting afternoon light. Behind the meters, a sidewalk runs parallel to the street, bordered by buildings with awnings and leafy trees. The scene captures a quiet moment in a city neighborhood, with soft bokeh highlighting distant vehicles and foliage.
2,001,150	What can be the relationship between the two persons in this image?	nan	Brother and sister	Husband and wife	Father and daughter	Mother and son	D	social_relation	https://media.istockphot…TSC7ilKkWrUik1s=	relation_reasoning	nan	dev	A woman and a young child sit closely on a bed, the woman holding a white card with a red heart while embracing the child. The bed is adorned with colorful pillows in orange, green, and yellow, and a wooden headboard is visible behind them. String lights with golden star decorations hang on the light-colored wall in the background.
2,001,329	Which mood does this image convey?	nan	Happy	Angry	Cozy	Anxious	A	image_emotion	https://th.bing.com/th/id/OIP.XmXJv1CY8WhwxRpWMhfeqAHaE7?w=283&h=189&c=7&r=0&o=5&dpr=1.5&pid=1.7	coarse_perception	nan	dev	A child with curly red hair wears a light purple shirt, a small orange and black butterfly resting on their nose. Lush green foliage and vibrant pink flowers fill the background. The child smiles with eyes closed, capturing a joyful moment in a garden setting.
3,000,582	Which action is performed in this image?	nan	playing cymbals	long jump	cheerleading	marching	B	action_recognition	action/aras	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	aras_clips/long_jump/Lb9uRwBml1I_0.mp4	dev	A large crowd lines both sides of a dirt path, with people sitting and standing under trees and colorful flags. In the foreground, a person holds a white smartphone to record or photograph the scene. The gathering appears to be an outdoor event or protest in a rural area, with banners visible in the background. The atmosphere is dense with attendees focused toward the center of the path.
3,001,047	What type of environment is depicted in the picture?	nan	shopping mall	street	forest	home	B	image_scene	https://st2.depositphoto…ue-of-street.jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev	An empty urban intersection features a wide crosswalk with white stripes on dark asphalt. Tall modern skyscrapers with glass and concrete facades line both sides of the street, interspersed with rows of green trees. The road stretches toward a distant skyline under an overcast sky, with no visible vehicles or pedestrians. Traffic lights and street signs are positioned at the corners, while the scene remains quiet and still.
2,001,514	Where is the strawberry cake?	nan	bottom-left	bottom-right	top-right	top-left	D	object_localization	https://farm4.staticflic…488e4f6315_z.jpg	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev	A white plate features three desserts: a dark chocolate fondant with a cream filling and chocolate shard, a slice of sponge cake, and a small pastry topped with strawberry and orange segments. Red and yellow sauce drizzles decorate the plate, complemented by a sprinkle of green garnish. The arrangement is neatly presented against the clean, white dish.
2,000,570	Identify the art style of this image.	nan	Baroque	watercolor	oil paint	vector art	B	image_style	Internet	coarse_perception	nan	dev	A vibrant hummingbird with iridescent blue and green plumage hovers mid-flight, its long beak extended toward a cluster of pink flower buds. The bird’s wings blur with motion, showcasing golden and green hues against a soft, pastel-colored background. Lush green leaves and delicate pink petals frame the scene, creating a serene, nature-inspired composition. The artwork captures the hummingbird’s dynamic posture and the gentle contrast of vivid colors against the muted backdrop.
2,000,768	Which image is the brightest one?	nan	down left	down right	upper left	upper right	A	image_quality	koniq10k	coarse_perception	6992326754_7636475996_1057997640_5508551413_0	dev	A black dog rests on a red checkered blanket, its body stretched out and head turned to the side. A person in a red shirt with black stripes sits under dim red lighting, surrounded by indistinct objects. A wooden pulpit draped with a white cloth featuring a cross is positioned in a room with a person standing behind it. A glass of beer labeled "Hommel bier" sits on a dark surface, illuminated by warm lighting.
394	Which sentence correctly describes capybaras?	Read the text about capybaras. What animal looks like a guinea pig and a hippopotamus? The world's largest rodent, the capybara! Also called capys, these animals enjoy being in wetlands and rain forest waters. They are strong swimmers that wade in mud to keep cool. Like guinea pigs, capys have short legs and chubby bodies with shaggy fur. Much like hippos, capys have their eyes, ears, and nostrils located high on their heads. This helps them check out their surroundings while staying mostly underwater. Staying out of sight is important when you're the favorite food of jaguars and snakes! Luckily, capybaras can hide underwater for five minutes at a time. Plus, their webbed toes help them paddle fast. Capybaras live in Central and South America, usually in groups of between ten and forty. They eat plants like grass, reeds, grains, melons, and squash. They eat a lot of tough plants that are rich in fiber. To help break the plants down, capybaras have long teeth that chew side to side. They also have special bacteria in their guts that help break down fiber. Though capybaras are happiest in the wild, they are easily trained. Zookeepers have taught these gentle rodents to walk onto scales to be weighed, go into crates, and sit still for physical exams. How do they do it? Food treats and belly rubs are fun rewards. Capybaras are so quick to learn that one was once used as a guide animal for a blind man in Suriname. The capybara population is mostly stable, but capys are still threatened by deforestation. When large areas of trees are cleared, it reduces the capybaras' shelter. But now, people are starting to limit the number of trees people can cut in rain forests. This is good news for capybaras, as their home is being protected.	They are shy animals that usually hide in tall grass.	They are wild guinea pigs that live in mountain forests.	They are the closest relatives of the hippopotamus.	They are large rodents that are powerful swimmers.	D	physical_property_reasoning	scienceqa	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev	A large, wet brown capybara stands on a grassy field with its thick fur clinging to its robust body. The animal faces right, displaying a calm expression and small rounded ears. The background features a blurred expanse of green vegetation under natural daylight. The capybara’s sturdy legs and broad snout are clearly visible against the open landscape.
3,001,918	What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?	nan	A group of artists are painting a mural on a city wall, using brushes, rollers, and cans of spray paint to bring color and vibrancy to the community.	Sun Wukong put his golden hoop rod on his shoulder, and his application was solemn, as if thinking about something	A woman is doing Pilates in a studio, using controlled movements to improve her flexibility, strength, and posture.	A musician is performing on stage in front of a live audience, singing and playing instruments with passion and energy.	B	action_recognition	https://www.zhihu.com/question/36417524	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev	A figure in scale-like armor with a red scarf and ornate headband grips a long staff, standing before a weathered stone fortress with an arched gateway. Several people in period attire gather near the gate, while a lone individual in red stands atop the fortress wall.
1,351	Which mood does this image convey?	nan	Sad	Anxious	Happy	Angry	A	image_emotion	https://cdn.pixabay.com/…5547086_1280.jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev	A person with long brown hair rests their head on folded arms atop a wooden table, wearing a white long-sleeve shirt. Their hands, with pink-painted nails, are positioned under their chin. The background features a blurred interior setting with neutral tones. The scene conveys a quiet, contemplative moment.
2,001,209	What will happen next?	nan	the car is gonna fly	the car is gonna drive backwards	the car is gonna crash into the house	both A,B, and C	C	future_prediction	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6urQm7Prs22	logic_reasoning	nan	dev	A white sedan modified with large wings sits on a dirt surface in front of a large, curved metal hangar under a clear blue sky. The hangar features a corrugated exterior and an open entrance, with a white SUV and a red vehicle parked nearby. A chain-link fence with partially visible signage runs along the left side, separating the area from additional industrial structures.
3,000,689	What is the object in this picture?	nan	table tennis bats	tennis racket	baseball bat	badminton racket	D	celebrity_recognition	Internet	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	https://www.mysuperbest.…83%E6%8B%8D.webp	dev	A badminton racket with a black frame accented by yellow and green hues is positioned diagonally against a plain white background. The racket's strings feature a red geometric logo near the top, with a crisscross pattern visible across the string bed. The handle is black with a textured grip, transitioning into a yellow section where it meets the frame. The overall design emphasizes a sleek, sporty aesthetic with vibrant color contrasts.
2,001,962	In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?	nan	Parasitic relationships	Symbiotic relationship	Predatory relationships	Competitive relationships	B	nature_relation	https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTfZu-c0CdmjjqYExsZGj910SKhjqUkj-uoPA&usqp=CAU	relation_reasoning	nan	dev	The image shows a spotted pufferfish with a rounded body and open mouth revealing a long, beak-like structure. Its light-colored skin is covered in dark spots, and it has small fins along its sides. The fish swims against a solid blue background, highlighting its distinctive features and streamlined shape.
1,000,432	Why might forming strong social bonds with other females increase the reproductive success of a female baboon? Complete the claim below that answers this question and is best supported by the passage. Forming strong social bonds with other females increases the chances that ().	Animals often behave in certain ways that can increase their reproductive success. Read the passage about a specific animal behavior. Then, follow the instructions below. Baboons are found in many parts of Africa, where they live in groups. Female baboons in a group can form social bonds, or close relationships, with other females. Most female baboons form social bonds, but some have stronger bonds than others. Females that have stronger social bonds spend more time grooming, or cleaning, each other. When a female has strong social bonds with other females, more of her offspring reach adulthood than the offspring of females with weak social bonds. This may be because having strong social bonds helps a female handle stress. When female baboons are stressed, the females that have strong social bonds spend more time together. This makes the females less stressed, which can also help their offspring. Figure: baboons grooming one another.	the female's offspring will be around other females	the female's offspring will live longer	the female will spend more time grooming other baboons	nan	B	nature_relation	scienceqa	relation_reasoning	nan	dev	Two baboons interact on a rocky surface, one lying on its back with limbs raised while the other sits atop, gripping its arm. Their light brown fur contrasts with the blurred green foliage and water in the background. The baboon on the bottom appears relaxed, while the one above maintains a firm hold, showcasing dynamic physical engagement.
484	Which term matches the picture?	Read the text. The nucleus is an important feature of a eukaryotic cell. The nucleus is usually round and stores long coiled structures called chromosomes, which contain the cell's genetic material. A prokaryotic cell, by contrast, doesn't have a nucleus. Instead, its chromosomes are loose in the cell, not surrounded by a membrane. Because prokaryotic cells lack nuclei and other membrane-bound structures, prokaryotic cells are typically simpler than eukaryotic cells.	prokaryotic cell	eukaryotic cell	nan	nan	A	attribute_recognition	scienceqa	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev	A cartoon-style bacterium features a purple outer membrane with short, hair-like projections. Its interior shows yellow cytoplasm containing a coiled pink DNA strand. Two long, blue flagella extend from one end of the oval-shaped cell. The background is plain white, emphasizing the colorful microbial structure.
3,001,889	What direction is Zambia in Madagascar?	nan	southwest	southeast	northwest	northeast	C	spatial_relationship	https://www.google.com/maps/@44.3563054,26.1089918,4z?entry=ttu	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev	A political map of Africa displays country borders and names, including Morocco, Egypt, Nigeria, and South Africa. Green shading covers regions across central and southern Africa, while northern countries appear in white. The South Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Guinea, and Gulf of Aden are labeled in blue water areas. A dashed line marks the equator horizontally across the continent.
2,000,974	Where is it?	nan	Shanghai	Milan	Pari	London	A	celebrity_recognition	https://img0.baidu.com/it/u=221396920,1553768820&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=620&h=364	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	8.png	dev	The image shows a nighttime cityscape with historic buildings illuminated by warm golden lights. A prominent clock tower with a white clock face stands on the left, while ornate multi-story structures with flags line the street. A green traffic sign and streetlights are visible in the foreground, with a bus partially seen on the road. The dark sky contrasts with the vibrant lighting of the architectural facades.
2,000,553	What style is this image?	nan	pencil	late renaissance	HDR	graphite	D	image_style	Internet	coarse_perception	nan	dev	A detailed pencil sketch depicts a kitten with large, round eyes and pointed ears, its fur rendered through intricate shading and fine lines. The kitten’s striped pattern, whiskers, and soft facial features are emphasized with careful textural detail. The background is a plain, light tone, and a signature with the year “08” appears in the bottom right corner.
1,106	Are the two horses in the picture the same size?	nan	same	Not the same	Can't judge	nan	B	attribute_comparison	https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=Z09Xhc8c&id=460890B11CA27841E911383B544B574F6E677021&thid=OIP.Z09Xhc8c8YpoNU9S8rZdOQHaEo&mediaurl=https%3A%2F%2Ffsimg1.xbdedu.cn%2F2015%2F08%2F0871121A-6015-969B-0A8D-A2143AEC4D86.png&exph=413&expw=660&q=%e4%b8%a4%e4%b8%aa%e7%89%a9%e4%bd%93%e5%af%b9%e6%af%94%e5%9b%be&simid=607997009751667204&form=IRPRST&ck=F1A0C463912DA9EDF7882AA12AB010D2&selectedindex=120&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0&vt=0&sim=11	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev	Two ceramic horse figurines, one larger and one smaller, stand side by side against a plain light blue background. Both horses have light beige bodies with brown manes and tails, wearing red collars decorated with gold patterns and colorful gem-like accents. The larger horse’s collar features a central pendant, while the smaller horse’s collar has a simpler design. Their smooth, rounded forms and gentle expressions create a whimsical, handcrafted appearance.
2,000,391	What are rays?	Read the first part of the passage about rays. Rays are a kind of fish. But they do not look like other fish. Most rays are shaped like big, flat kites. Rays have great big fins that look like wings. The fins help rays swim. Rays look like birds flying in the water.	Rays are fish that do not have fins.	Rays are fish that are shaped like kites.	Rays are birds that swim in the water.	nan	B	physical_property_reasoning	scienceqa	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev	Two large manta rays glide gracefully through clear blue water near a rocky coral reef. Their white underbellies and wide pectoral fins are prominent as they swim side by side. The reef features dark rocks, scattered coral formations, and sparse sea plants. A small fish swims near the bottom left, adding to the vibrant underwater scene.
676	How many planes are visible in this picture?	nan	three	two	one	five	C	object_localization	COCO_test2015	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	000000002765.jpg	dev	A Cathay Pacific airplane is positioned on a runway, its white fuselage marked with the airline’s name and green branding. The aircraft, featuring a distinctive green and white tail fin, appears to be taxiing on the paved surface. Surrounding the runway are grassy areas and a dense line of green trees in the background. Distant structures and a communication tower are visible beyond the tree line under an overcast sky.
626	What motion this image want to convey?	nan	happy	angry	sad	terrified	D	attribute_recognition	internet	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	mood_12.jpeg	dev	A woman in a green turtleneck sweater and blue jeans sits on the floor, hugging a gray pillow to her chest with one knee raised. Her posture is curled, and she gazes downward with a contemplative expression.
2,000,018	What is correct Python code to generate the content of the image?	nan	x = lambda a: a + 10\nprint(x(5))	x = 1.10\ny = 1.0\nz = -35.59\n\nprint(type(x))\nprint(type(y))\nprint(type(z))\n	x = 1\ny = 2.8\nz = 1j\n\nprint(type(x))\nprint(type(y))\nprint(type(z))\n	print(10 > 9)\nprint(10 == 9)\nprint(10 < 9)\n	D	structuralized_imagetext_understanding	code	logic_reasoning	nan	dev	A black background displays three lines of white text aligned to the left. The first line reads "True," the second line reads "False," and the third line reads "False." No other visual elements or objects are present in the image. The text appears in a simple, monospaced font. The overall composition is minimalistic with high contrast between the text and background.
1,015	Which is right?	nan	The man is at the right of the image	The man is flying in the sea	The man is on the bottom of the image	The man is flying in the sky	D	physical_relation	COCO train2014	relation_reasoning	19.png	dev	A person is airborne while kite surfing, gripping the control bar with both hands as they hover above churning ocean waves. The surfer stands on a board with feet secured, suspended against a stark, overcast sky. Whitecaps and foamy waves crash below, creating a dynamic contrast with the calm upper portion of the image. The black-and-white composition emphasizes the dramatic motion and texture of the sea and sky.
1,867	What direction is Turjmenistan in Iran?	nan	east	south	west	north	D	spatial_relationship	https://www.google.com/maps/@44.3563054,26.1089918,4z?entry=ttu	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev	Political map of Central and South Asia displaying countries including Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, India, Nepal, and Myanmar. The map uses green and beige shading to indicate terrain variations across the region. Blue areas represent water bodies such as the Caspian Sea and the Arabian Sea. Country borders are marked with solid and dashed lines, with national names labeled in black text.
1,000,654	In the picture, which direction is the man facing?	nan	right	back to the camera	facing the camera	left	C	object_localization	COCO_test2015	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	000000005978.jpg	dev	A person stands on a snowy mountain slope, holding blue ski poles and wearing a white and brown jacket, black pants, and snowshoes. Towering snow-covered peaks rise in the background under a clear blue sky.
2,001,956	In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?	nan	Parasitic relationships	Symbiotic relationship	Predatory relationships	Competitive relationships	D	nature_relation	https://imgnew11.photoph…u-23580881_2.jpg	relation_reasoning	nan	dev	The image displays a wolf's head on the left with brown and gray fur, yellow eyes, and a black nose. To the right, a tiger's head features orange fur with black stripes, a white muzzle, and yellow eyes. Both animal heads are positioned against a plain white background, facing forward with detailed facial markings.
1,938	What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?	nan	A man is surfing on a beach, riding the waves and feeling the rush of adrenaline while connecting with the power of the ocean.	A woman stuck to the window and looked out as if she had something on her mind.	A family is playing miniature golf on a course, putting their way through whimsical obstacles while laughing and having fun.	A family is camping in the wilderness, pitching tents, building a fire, and enjoying the serenity of nature.	B	action_recognition	https://www.zhihu.com/question/36417524	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev	A person with short dark hair wears a red patterned shirt and presses their hands against a glass window, their reflection visible in the dimly lit scene. Their solemn expression and clasped hands suggest quiet contemplation as they gaze outward.
1,001,961	In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?	nan	Symbiotic relationship	Predatory relationships	Competitive relationships	Parasitic relationships	A	nature_relation	https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSQgRTQa1SAL04f2M89POl3-C7aq-4B0GAUVg&usqp=CAU	relation_reasoning	nan	dev	A light brown antelope with white underparts and distinctive facial markings stands in a lush green environment, two small brown birds perched on its back. The birds, one near the antelope’s shoulder and the other closer to its neck, face opposite directions while the antelope gazes to the right. Dense green foliage and blurred trees form the background, emphasizing the natural habitat. The scene captures a moment of coexistence between the antelope and the birds in their verdant surroundings.
1,001,713	What's the function of the demonstrated object?	nan	steam	Cooking	Cook soup	Fry	B	function_reasoning	https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=G7ibfiNv&id=2D6BFB9C13113C3B7EA1791684C398B642B21227&thid=OIP.G7ibfiNvU8ZVHl8JP6asrAHaHa&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fwww.wanwupai.com%2fupload%2fproduct%2f20190917-1%2fcbcb8b3a174a26a05db9d0e19212ae3d.png&exph=800&expw=800&q=%e7%82%92%e9%94%85&simid=608051800650558057&FORM=IRPRST&ck=48BE83810B6EF8686CFC0CD1793A86B5&selectedIndex=1&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev	A black carbon steel wok with a smooth, rounded interior sits against a plain white background. It features a long wooden handle with a warm brown finish, secured by two metallic rivets near the base. The wok's wide, shallow design and slightly flared rim are characteristic of traditional cooking vessels. A small metal loop at the handle's end allows for hanging storage.
1,000,112	Which one is the correct caption of this image?	nan	A cat is laying on top of a laptop computer.	A white and red bus is traveling down a road.	There are several pictures of a woman riding a horse at a competition.	A soccer player looks up at a soccer ball.	D	action_recognition	description	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev	A soccer player in an orange jersey and white shorts leaps to head a blue soccer ball mid-air on a grassy field. Teammates in orange and opponents in gray jerseys, one displaying "The Hole" and the number 12, surround him during the match. Trees, a picnic bench, and parked vehicles are visible in the background under a clear sky. The scene captures the intensity of the game with players focused on the ball.
2,001,594	Which category does this image belong to?	nan	digital art	photo	medical CT image	8-bit	C	image_style	https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSEHsv2PhsESZmoLDd3OePr_ccTM5STCuUmig&usqp=CAU	coarse_perception	nan	dev	This grayscale axial CT scan displays a cross-sectional view of the abdomen. Visible structures include symmetric kidneys with distinct cortices, the spinal column with high-density bone, and sections of the intestines containing air and contrast material. The liver and spleen are present with varying tissue densities, and the abdominal aorta is visible near the spine. The image shows clear differentiation between soft tissues, bone, and air-filled regions. The outer edge of the scan is framed by a dark circular border.
2,001,862	What direction is China in Afghanistan?	nan	west	north	east	south	C	spatial_relationship	https://www.google.com/maps/@44.3563054,26.1089918,4z?entry=ttu	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev	A political map displays Central and South Asia, highlighting countries including Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, India, Nepal, and Myanmar. The map uses green shading for landmasses with white borders delineating national boundaries, while blue represents water bodies such as the Caspian Sea and Arabian Sea. Abbreviations like "PB," "RJ," and "MH" mark subdivisions within India. Country names are labeled in black text, with some regions showing faint topographical details. The map also includes parts of the Arabian Peninsula, such as Oman and Saudi Arabia.
1,001,757	The area of which figure can be calculated using the formula in this picture?	nan	Circle.	Square.	Rectangle.	Triangle.	A	ocr	https://media.geeksforge…-05-05-copy.webp	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev	The image displays the mathematical formula "πr²" in light blue text on a plain white background. The characters are presented in a clean, sans-serif font with the superscript "2" positioned to the upper right of the "r". The text is centered within the frame, with no additional elements or background details visible. The formula appears clearly and is the sole focus of the image.
1,000,962	Which is the main topic of the image	nan	A woman skiting	A woman surfing	A man skiting	A man surfing	D	image_topic	COCO train2014	coarse_perception	16.png	dev	A surfer in a black wetsuit performs a mid-air maneuver above a breaking wave on a white surfboard. Water sprays dynamically around the board as the surfer extends one arm for balance. The open ocean stretches across the background with gentle swells under bright daylight.
267	Which part of an apple tree might grow into a new tree?	This diagram shows the life cycle of an apple tree.	a seed	a leaf	nan	nan	A	physical_property_reasoning	scienceqa	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev	The image illustrates an apple tree life cycle with a circular arrow connecting stages: a seedling in a pot, an adult tree bearing red apples, a cross-section of fruit showing seeds, and a whole red apple. Two bees pollinate pink flowers labeled with "pollen," "pistil," and "anther," highlighting reproductive parts. The diagram includes close-ups of a flower with a bee transferring pollen and a fruit revealing internal seeds. Arrows guide the sequence from seedling to mature tree and back to seeds, emphasizing growth and reproduction. Key elements like green leaves, red apples, and labeled floral structures are clearly depicted.
3,001,454	what landmark is this? and where is it?	nan	The Eiffel Tower in Paris, France	St. Basil’s Cathedral in Moscow, Russia	Blue Domed Church in Santorini, Greece	The Statue of Liberty in New York, USA	A	celebrity_recognition	https://i0.wp.com/www.de…=700%2C933&ssl=1	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev	The Eiffel Tower dominates the scene with its intricate iron lattice structure against a clear blue sky. A red double-decker bus is parked near the base, surrounded by neatly trimmed hedges and scattered pedestrians. In the background, a colorful pink structure and distant buildings are visible beneath the tower’s arches. The foreground features a paved area with a few street lamps and greenery lining the perimeter.
1,919	What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?	nan	Boys and girls are sheltering from the rain under the eaves, and the boy holds his bicycle in his hand and holds his backpack over his head for shelter	A man is skydiving from an airplane, freefalling through the air before deploying his parachute and gliding safely to the ground.	A family is picnicking in a park, spreading out a blanket and sharing food and good conversation in the great outdoors.	A group of volunteers are cleaning up a beach, picking up trash and debris to protect marine life and preserve the environment.	A	action_recognition	https://www.zhihu.com/question/36417524	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev	A young man in a black school uniform holds a bag over his head while standing in the rain next to a bicycle. A woman in a gray sweater and black vest bows her head nearby, with a brick wall and greenery behind her. In the background, figures with white umbrellas walk along a wet pathway. Rain falls heavily, creating a reflective surface on the ground.
1,001,355	Which mood does this image convey?	nan	Angry	Sad	Anxious	Happy	B	image_emotion	https://cdn.pixabay.com/…5548437_1280.jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev	A solitary figure walks along the wet shoreline of a beach, their reflection mirrored in the shallow water. Gentle waves lap at the sand under an overcast sky, with a distant island visible on the horizon. The black-and-white scene captures the quiet expanse of the ocean meeting the shore, where faint footprints trail behind the person.
1,103	Are the two apples in the picture the same color?	nan	same	Not the same	Can't judge	nan	B	attribute_comparison	https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=DkIVtqij&id=EC43F4BC3AA64F1DA95691F73EFE9B137AF62FED&thid=OIP.DkIVtqij_PFGnUszH0Bk3AHaEN&mediaurl=https%3A%2F%2Fpic3.zhimg.com%2Fv2-5c0fe95cae07522fceeff5cd9dade416_r.jpg&exph=1080&expw=1902&q=%e4%b8%a4%e4%b8%aa%e7%89%a9%e4%bd%93%e5%af%b9%e6%af%94%e5%9b%be&simid=608049219369979469&form=IRPRST&ck=B7989BDB253982DCC2BF26875DD95DB5&selectedindex=93&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0&vt=0&sim=11	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev	Two side-by-side still life compositions feature a sculpted ear on a rectangular base, an apple, paintbrushes, and stacked books with "10" visible on the spines, all resting on a draped white cloth. The left panel is in color, showing a red apple, a red-handled brush, and a background painting with yellow flowers, while the right panel is a grayscale version with a darker apple and muted background textures. Both arrangements include a black book with Chinese characters and a wooden surface beneath the cloth. The grayscale panel replaces the colorful background with a smudged, abstract tone, altering the scene’s depth and contrast. Each composition maintains identical object placement, emphasizing the transition from vibrant color to monochrome shading.
1,000,498	Which can be the associated text with this image posted on twitter	nan	Congress supporters celebrating #KarnatakaElectionResults by waving Muzlim flags in front of the sacred Marikamaba Temple in Sirsi. They provoke first like this and later whine Hindutvα tεrror, oppression, fαscism when Hindus show them the mirror!	Jing’an Temple👇 in the heart of Shanghai. First built in 247 CE along the north shore of the river that runs through modern Shanghai, the temple was moved to its current location in 1216 due to fears of floods. I like the beauty of its fusion of tradition and modernity.🤔	Cat theme street in Shanghai.🐱🐱🐱	Alan Mcdonald. The Temple of Reason,2020,oil.	B	celebrity_recognition	socialmedia	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev	Aerial view of a traditional temple complex with golden roofs and ornate architecture situated amidst a modern cityscape. Tall glass skyscrapers and busy streets with moving vehicles surround the historic structure. The contrast between the ancient-style buildings and contemporary urban development is prominent under a hazy sky. The temple's central courtyard and multiple golden spires stand out against the surrounding high-rises.
3,000,709	Extract text from the image	nan	Vimy Monument	Battle Ridge Remembrance	War Commemoration Site	VIMY MEMORIAL	D	ocr	TextVQA test-split	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	0a96487c90a85f97.jpg	dev	A white octagonal war memorial gazebo with tall columns and a domed roof stands at the center of a sunlit park. The structure features inscribed text, a short staircase with railings, and flower beds filled with colorful blooms at its base.
1,000,345	What is the name of the colony shown?	nan	Maryland	Virginia	Michigan	Kentucky	B	object_localization	scienceqa	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev	A map of the eastern United States displays states in varying shades of green, with one state highlighted in dark green. The Great Lakes and Atlantic Ocean are visible in light blue, while Florida appears in light gray. Surrounding states are shaded in lighter green tones, and the map includes coastal and inland geographic boundaries. The dark green state is centrally located among the highlighted region. The background is a neutral gray, emphasizing the colored regions and water bodies.
2,000,610	The other object that is the same color as the large shiny thing is what shape?	nan	sphere	cylinder	cube	nan	B	attribute_recognition	Clevr	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	CLEVR_val_000004.png	dev	A green cylinder stands on the left, next to a small red sphere partially obscured by a large brown sphere. A small purple cylinder sits centrally behind the brown sphere, while a shiny gray metallic sphere and a large gray cylinder occupy the right side of the scene. All objects rest on a plain light gray surface with soft shadows. The background is a uniform muted gray, emphasizing the geometric shapes and their varied textures.
3,000,722	Who is the person in this image?	nan	Lionel Messi	Elon Musk	Steve Jobs	Keanu Reeves	D	celebrity_recognition	Google	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev	A man with long dark hair and a beard wears a dark suit, gray dress shirt, and black tie. He stands in front of a dark backdrop featuring partially visible white text, including "CHAPTER 3" and "CARR". The setting appears to be a formal event or promotional appearance.
421	The United States has a federal system. Based on these definitions, which of these statements would most likely be made by a person who lives under a federal system?	Think about the name of the United States of America. As the name shows, the country has both a united national government and a collection of state governments. In the following questions, you will learn about the relationship between the national government and state governments. You will also learn about how state and local governments work. Many countries have both a national government and state governments. However, these countries divide power differently between the national and state governments. The table below describes three different systems for dividing power. Look at the table. Then answer the question below.	My national government officials decide most issues that come up.	Both my state and national government officials have power over important issues.	I only pay attention to state politics since the national government has almost no power.	nan	B	structuralized_imagetext_understanding	scienceqa	logic_reasoning	nan	dev	A table with a purple header compares three government systems: unitary, federal, and confederate. The columns list "System of government," "Amount of power given to national government," and "Definition," with corresponding details for each system. Unitary systems grant the national government "Most" power, federal systems "Middle," and confederate systems "Least." Each row includes a definition explaining the distribution of power between national and state governments.
1,001,362	Which mood does this image convey?	nan	Angry	Sad	Anxious	Happy	A	image_emotion	https://cdn.pixabay.com/…4203671_1280.jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev	A person extends a clenched fist toward the camera against a solid black background. Their face shows an intense expression with furrowed brows and narrowed eyes. The mouth is open, revealing teeth in what appears to be a shout or yell. The stark black backdrop emphasizes the subject's gesture and facial features.
3,000,905	Which option describe the object relationship in the image correctly?	nan	The suitcase is above the bed.	The suitcase is surrounding the cat.	The cat is on top of the suitcase.	The sink is above the cat.	B	spatial_relationship	vsr-train2017	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	000000086229.jpg	dev	A light brown cat with long whiskers peeks out from inside a partially unzipped dark blue suitcase with a textured fabric pattern. The cat’s face is visible through the open zipper, which features a metallic pull tab. The suitcase interior includes a mesh pocket, and the cat appears nestled within the confined space. The scene focuses on the cat’s curious expression as it looks outward from the luggage.
2,001,044	What type of environment is depicted in the picture?	nan	street	forest	home	shopping mall	D	image_scene	https://static3.depositp…-in-the-mall.jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev	A bustling multi-level shopping mall filled with crowds of shoppers moving through open walkways and escalators. Brightly lit storefronts line the upper and lower levels, displaying various goods. Patrons dine at tables in a curved seating area on the ground floor, while blurred figures indicate constant motion throughout the space. The modern interior features glass railings and a high ceiling with decorative lighting structures.
3,000,711	Extract text from the image	nan	BANHOTELL	TRACKSIDE INN	LOCOMOTIVE ACCOMMODATIONS	TRAINSTATION HOTEL	A	ocr	TextVQA test-split	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	1b32c573daac7982.jpg	dev	A white two-story building labeled "BADHOTELL" stands prominently, accompanied by a smaller round structure with a metallic roof. A Swedish flag flies near a white picket fence, with dense evergreen trees forming the backdrop. Additional colorful buildings, including a red and blue one, are visible behind neatly trimmed hedges. The scene is set on a paved area bordered by a low white railing, under an overcast sky.
1,001,787	Which of the following captions best describes this image?	nan	A pizza with pepperoni, mushrooms, and olives	A bowl of fruit with apples, bananas, and oranges	A plate of spaghetti with meatballs and tomato sauce	A sandwich with ham, lettuce, and cheese	D	image_scene	https://assets.sainsbury…ich/original.jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev	A white plate with a red rim holds several triangular whole-grain sandwiches layered with lettuce, ham, and shredded cheese, accompanied by fresh carrot sticks.
1,000,646	Where is the broccoli located in the picture?	nan	bottom right	top right	top left	bottom left	D	object_localization	COCO_test2015	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	000000002765.jpg	dev	A colorful ceramic bowl filled with rice sits on a dark blue and white patterned tablecloth. Next to it, a rectangular plate holds steamed broccoli and a piece of grilled fish. Wooden chopsticks rest beside the rice bowl, with a wooden bowl partially visible in the background. The table setting includes intricate designs on the dishware and a woven texture on the placemat.
1,001,588	Which category does this image belong to?	nan	map	remote sense image	photo	painting	A	image_style	https://cdn.britannica.c…ographic-map.jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev	A close-up view of a topographic map displays intricate contour lines in brown and green, indicating varied terrain elevations. A winding blue river cuts through the landscape, intersecting with red grid lines and labeled geographic features. Text annotations and numerical elevation markers are scattered across the map, providing location and height details. The map's aged, yellowed paper texture is visible beneath the printed details.
1,295	what is the shape of this object?	nan	oval	heart	star	Hexagon	B	attribute_recognition	https://i.ytimg.com/vi/6…axresdefault.jpg	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev	Two overlapping heart-shaped paper cutouts, one red and one pink, form a DIY Valentine’s Day card against a light pink background. The pink heart displays a grid of small red hearts and three tiny red hearts near its top edge. To the right, black decorative text reads “DIY Valentine’s Day Card.
1,000,158	Based on the image, what is the likely purpose of the sign on the pizza?	nan	The sign on the pizza is a decoration with no specific purpose.	The sign on the pizza aims to provide nutritional information.	The sign on the pizza serves as a warning about potential allergies.	The sign on the pizza could be an advertisement for a pizza restaurant or a promotional pamphlet.	D	function_reasoning	reasoning	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev	A large pizza with a golden-brown crust, topped with pepperoni slices, melted cheese, and scattered green peppers and onions, rests on a wooden peel. Next to the pizza, a white business card displays "Bada Bing Pizza" with a cartoon mobster holding a gun, the phone number "250-716-1012," and the website "www.badabingpizzanaimo.ca." The scene is set on a metallic surface, emphasizing the pizza and promotional card as the central elements.
1,187	What can be the relationship between the two persons in this image?	nan	Brothers	Father and son	Grandfather and grandson	Lovers	B	social_relation	https://media.istockphot…JWwWewNvFxC2YIg=	relation_reasoning	nan	dev	A bearded man in a light blue shirt carries a smiling boy on his shoulders, both looking toward the camera. The boy, wearing a yellow long-sleeve shirt, holds onto the man’s neck with his arms. They stand outdoors under a bright blue sky, with blurred residential buildings visible in the background.
2,001,583	Which category does this image belong to?	nan	painting	map	remote sense image	photo	C	image_style	https://www.52geo.cn/wp-…0d8382238d77.png	coarse_perception	nan	dev	A winding turquoise river cuts through a landscape dotted with large red patches, likely vegetation or land cover. The terrain features a mix of brown and green areas, with a grid-like pattern near the river suggesting urban or agricultural development. Thin lines resembling roads or infrastructure crisscross the scene, connecting various sections of the land. The image captures a blend of natural and human-influenced elements across the area.
1,001,839	Which of the following captions best describes this image?	nan	A person riding a motorcycle on a highway.	A person driving a car on a road.	A group of people riding bicycles on a trail.	A woman taking a walk in a park.	D	image_scene	https://media.istockphot…DjMUrdK17FWQw44=	coarse_perception	nan	dev	A woman in a brown jacket and jeans walks along a sunlit path covered in golden autumn leaves. Tall trees with vibrant yellow foliage line the pathway, casting dappled shadows on the ground. In the background, a red-brick building and distant figures are visible under a clear blue sky.
102	Which one is the correct caption of this image?	nan	A white toilet sitting inside of a bathroom.	A young child is sitting at a bar and eating.	Mother and young black & white cow eating in a field of grass.	A skier wearing a red jacket is jumping in the air.	B	image_topic	description	coarse_perception	nan	dev	A girl in a blue and gray striped sweater sits at a worn wooden diner counter, eating a sandwich with both hands while smiling. The counter holds a blue Pepsi cup, a container of food, and a partially eaten sandwich on a white napkin. Behind her, the diner features red walls, a mirrored archway, and a dark suitcase near framed displays.
2,000,724	Who is the person in this image?	nan	Bill Gates	Morgan Freeman	Kanye West	Elon Musk	D	celebrity_recognition	Google	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev	An individual in a black tuxedo with a white bow tie and dress shirt stands against a softly blurred background of warm lights and indistinct figures. The formal attire includes a white pocket square and a crisp white shirt with visible buttons. The setting suggests a high-profile evening event with ambient lighting and other attendees in the distance. The person’s posture is upright, facing slightly to the side with a neutral expression.
1,000,597	What is the color of the large shiny sphere?	nan	cyan	red	green	purple	D	attribute_recognition	Clevr	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	CLEVR_val_000000.png	dev	A large brown matte cylinder sits to the left of a small green matte cylinder on a neutral gray surface. A large gray matte cube is centered in the scene, with a small metallic gray cube positioned to its right. A shiny purple sphere rests in the background, slightly to the right of the center. The objects are arranged on a plain gray backdrop with soft shadows beneath each form.
2,001,006	here is the woman?	nan	The woman is in the center	The woman is on the top left	The woman is on the bottom right	The woman is on the top right	C	physical_relation	COCO train2014	relation_reasoning	10.png	dev	A person stands on a sandy beach with one arm raised, flying a red kite soaring high in a clear blue sky. A dog lies near the edge of tall grasses lining the dunes in the background. The expansive beach stretches under scattered white clouds, with dense green vegetation marking the horizon.
295	Which property do these two objects have in common?	Select the better answer.	yellow	salty	nan	nan	B	function_reasoning	scienceqa	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev	Two side-by-side illustrations display a curling blue ocean wave with white foam and water droplets labeled "ocean water" on the left, and a blue bag spilling golden potato chips labeled "potato chips" on the right. The wave rises against a pale yellow background, while the chips overflow from the open bag onto a white surface. Bold text labels identify each image beneath the corresponding illustration.
2,001,805	Which of the following captions best describes this image?	nan	A person playing with a pet dog	A woman getting a pedicure at a salon	A person holding a bouquet of flowers	A group of people eating at a restaurant	C	image_scene	data:image/jpeg;base64,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	coarse_perception	nan	dev	A young man in a blue button-up shirt and dark pants holds a large bouquet of white and pink lilies with green stems. The bouquet, filled with multiple blooms and lush foliage, is held close to his chest against a plain white background. His posture is upright, and the vibrant flowers contrast sharply with the minimalist setting. The arrangement features a mix of open blossoms and buds, showcasing the natural texture of the petals and leaves.
1,001,485	How many apples are there in the image? And how many bananas are there?	nan	4 apples and 1 bananas	4 apples and 2 bananas	3 apples and 3 banana	2 apples and 4 bananas	B	object_localization	https://farm5.staticflic…85a1cb9f24_z.jpg	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev	A wooden crate holds two yellow bananas with brown spots alongside four red apples with greenish-yellow patches. The bananas rest diagonally across the top left, while the apples are clustered below and to the right. The crate sits against a bright blue textured border framing the entire image. The fruit appears fresh, with natural color variations visible on both the bananas and apples.
2,000,456	After the Akkadian Empire ended, many cities and empires tried to control Mesopotamia. Around the 1790s BCE, which empire started controlling Mesopotamia?	Look at the table. Then answer the question below.	the Akkadian Empire	the Elamite Empire	the Babylonian Empire	the Neo-Sumerian Empire	C	structuralized_imagetext_understanding	scienceqa	logic_reasoning	nan	dev	A two-column table with yellow headers labeled "Date" and "Event" lists historical Mesopotamian events. Dates range from ca. 2300 BCE to ca. 1792 BCE, including the rise and fall of the Akkadian Empire and Neo-Sumerian Empire. The table notes the Neo-Sumerian Empire's conquest by the Elamites around 2004 BCE and the Babylonian Empire's rule starting ca. 1792 BCE. Each row pairs a circa date with a specific empire's rule or transition in Mesopotamia.
1,000,241	Identify the question that Madelyn and Tucker's experiment can best answer.	The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below. Madelyn applied a thin layer of wax to the underside of her snowboard and rode the board straight down a hill. Then, she removed the wax and rode the snowboard straight down the hill again. She repeated the rides four more times, alternating whether she rode with a thin layer of wax on the board or not. Her friend Tucker timed each ride. Madelyn and Tucker calculated the average time it took to slide straight down the hill on the snowboard with wax compared to the average time on the snowboard without wax. Figure: snowboarding down a hill.	Does Madelyn's snowboard slide down a hill in less time when it has a layer of wax or when it does not have a layer of wax?	Does Madelyn's snowboard slide down a hill in less time when it has a thin layer of wax or a thick layer of wax?	nan	nan	A	identity_reasoning	scienceqa	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev	A person in a red jacket, blue jeans, and an orange beanie snowboards down a groomed snowy slope. Snowbanks line the path, with snow-dusted evergreen trees visible in the background. The snowboarder leans forward, balancing on the sunlit, white terrain.
1,001,744	What does this picture want to express?	nan	We are expected to work hard.	We are expected to care for green plants.	We are expected to care for the earth.	We are expected to stay positive.	D	ocr	https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ7-qKXCoA-bI1xOyi8AvJruHweugCsw6Vd5M1CfzTtbMWT_ft7wkK7AWjoS3c_gwJQV24&usqp=CAU	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev	A green background features a white daisy with a yellow center displaying a simple black smiley face. The word "stay" appears in bold black text at the top, while "positive" is written in matching bold black text at the bottom. A thin black stem connects the daisy to the lower text, creating a cohesive design. The overall composition is bright and minimalist, emphasizing the cheerful floral graphic and motivational phrase.
3,001,516	the donut on which direction is bitten?	nan	down	left	right	up	D	object_localization	https://farm5.staticflic…40f2285919_z.jpg	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev	Two donuts rest on a crumpled white paper, one partially eaten with a visible bite mark exposing a soft, airy interior. The top donut is topped with chopped nuts and a drizzle of peanut butter, while the bottom donut features a crumbly, golden-brown coating. Both pastries display textured toppings against a dark background, with the paper showing faint grease stains.
1,948	In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?	nan	Predatory relationships	Competitive relationships	Parasitic relationships	Symbiotic relationship	A	nature_relation	https://th.bing.com/th/id/R.beec90b076cfed9f6f940982a8b6a4fc?rik=hfLrY6x6ZxKhBQ&riu=http%3a%2f%2fimage.yjcf360.com%2fu%2fcms%2fwww%2f202202%2f161018327qf8.jpg&ehk=0IOzydnQ7XfrEiAXjMVwOlIBv%2be2hxunZaJWfuVyI1k%3d&risl=&pid=ImgRaw&r=0	relation_reasoning	nan	dev	A cartoon fox in a yellow shirt and red cap holds a knife in one paw and a golden money bag in the other, standing with a confident posture. To the right, a plump yellow chicken with a red comb and glasses appears startled, its wings slightly raised. Both characters are set against a plain white background with subtle shadows beneath them. The fox’s tail is bushy and orange, while the chicken’s feet are small and brown. The scene conveys a tense interaction between the two anthropomorphic animals.
544	Identify the emotion expressed in this image.	nan	happiness	sadness	anger	love	A	image_emotion	Internet	coarse_perception	nan	dev	Two bright yellow smiley face balloons float against a vibrant sky blending pink and blue hues. The balloons feature classic black curved smiles and circular eyes, with one balloon partially overlapping the other. Wispy clouds scatter across the colorful sky, enhancing the cheerful atmosphere. The scene captures a playful and uplifting moment with the balloons rising prominently in the foreground.
3,001,935	What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?	nan	A man is fishing on a riverbank, casting his line and waiting patiently for a bite while enjoying the tranquility of nature.	A group of hikers are trekking through a wilderness trail, hiking over rugged terrain and encountering breathtaking vistas along the way.	A man is doing calisthenics in his home gym, using his bodyweight to build strength and endurance through push-ups, squats, and other exercises.	The man dressed in black was surrounded in the middle by ten men dressed in white who practiced taekwondo.	D	action_recognition	https://www.zhihu.com/question/36417524	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev	A group of martial artists in white uniforms with black belts practice techniques in a dimly lit dojo, their long shadows stretching across the tiled floor. A central figure in a black uniform observes as pairs engage in synchronized movements, while others stand in formation. Two flags with circular emblems hang on the dark backdrop, framing the training area. The scene is illuminated by focused lighting, highlighting the practitioners against the surrounding darkness.
1,357	Which mood does this image convey?	nan	Sad	Anxious	Happy	Angry	A	image_emotion	https://cdn.pixabay.com/…5088274_1280.jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev	Two block-headed figurines with downturned mouths and drooping eyes stand behind white vertical bars, the larger one wearing a red outfit with yellow stripes and the smaller in blue. The scene is viewed through a glass surface, with a blurred red car and gray vehicle visible in the background. The figurines' simple, sad expressions and stiff postures emphasize their confined positioning within the display.
1,811	Which of the following captions best describes this image?	nan	A person taking a photo with a camera	A group of people watching a movie in a theater	A person reading a book in a library	A woman applying makeup in front of a mirror	C	image_scene	https://previews.123rf.c…in-a-library.jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev	An older man in a light blue shirt sits at a wooden desk, writing in a notebook with a pen. A stack of hardcover books rests to his left, while an open book lies in front of him. Behind him, tall bookshelves filled with colorful books line the library walls. He wears a wristwatch and appears focused on his work amid the quiet study environment.
3,000,539	What feeling is shown in this image?	nan	distressed	angry	love	engaged	D	image_emotion	Internet	coarse_perception	nan	dev	Four green-styled figures interact across two rocky cliffs under a pale green sky. Three figures on the left cliff form a human chain, extending their arms toward a fourth figure climbing the right cliff. The climber reaches upward while the chain's end figure leans forward to grasp their hand. The scene depicts coordinated effort and connection between the two groups.
1,988	In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?	nan	Predatory relationships	Competitive relationships	Parasitic relationships	Symbiotic relationship	A	nature_relation	https://img.zcool.cn/com…it_1/sharpen,100	relation_reasoning	nan	dev	A grinning orange fox with white fur on its belly leaps mid-air, brandishing a knife in one paw and a fork in the other. A thought bubble above its head shows a plump yellow chicken with a red comb and green tail feathers. The background features a light blue sky with fluffy white clouds, rolling green hills, and a cluster of dark green pine trees below.
1,001,451	who is this person?	nan	Deepika Padukone	Hailee Steinfeld	Sridevi	Sandra Oh	D	celebrity_recognition	https://www.entoin.com/images/shah14.jpg	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev	A woman with long dark hair wearing a bright blue shirt stands against a gradient background transitioning from warm orange to soft gray. Her hair flows dynamically to the left, suggesting movement or a breeze. She gazes upward with a neutral expression, wearing small hoop earrings and a delicate necklace. The lighting highlights the texture of her shirt and the smooth gradient of the backdrop.
1,057	What kind of weather is depicted in the picture?	nan	sunny	rainy	windy	snowy	B	image_scene	https://st2.depositphoto…old-european.jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev	A dimly lit cobblestone street glistens with rain under the glow of vintage street lamps lining weathered stone buildings. Tram tracks run down the center of the empty road, reflecting the warm light against the dark, wet pavement. The narrow alleyway stretches into the distance, flanked by aged facades with closed windows and faintly illuminated doorways. Distant lights and a faint glow from a building at the end of the street add depth to the quiet, atmospheric night scene.
2,000,796	Which image is the brightest one?	nan	down left	down right	upper left	upper right	D	image_quality	koniq10k	coarse_perception	6609931137_7923574034_6111148526_11407862453_0	dev	A green frog rests on a brown, textured surface in the top-left quadrant. The top-right shows a bird perched on a tree trunk with green foliage in the background. In the bottom-left, two people interact with beige chairs in a room with a fireplace and curtains. The bottom-right features blue ocean waves with white foam crashing under a clear sky.
1,000,488	Which term matches the picture?	Read the text. If something has bilateral symmetry, you can draw a line from top to bottom and both sides of the line will match. For example, if you drew a line down the center of someone's face, both sides would have one eye, half a nose, and half a mouth. If you drew a line in the middle from left to right, however, the two sides would not match. Radial symmetry describes something that is symmetrical, or matching, all the way around. A daisy, and many other flowers, have radial symmetry. You could cut a daisy in half from top to bottom in many directions‚Äîdown the middle or left to right‚Äîand the halves would match.	radial symmetry	bilateral symmetry	nan	nan	A	spatial_relationship	scienceqa	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev	A single, intricately detailed snowflake with six symmetrical arms extends from a central hexagonal core. Each arm features delicate, branching patterns and fine, feathery structures. The snowflake's crisp, white crystalline form contrasts sharply against a solid black background. The image highlights the snowflake's complex geometry and minute textural details.
3,001,897	What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?	nan	A man carrying a mask and a satchel walks the street in dismay	A woman is practicing her singing in a music studio, belting out notes and refining her technique with the guidance of a coach.	A group of volunteers are planting trees in a community garden, digging holes and carefully placing saplings into the ground for future growth.	A group of people are practicing tai chi in a park, moving in slow, deliberate motions and focusing on their breath.	A	action_recognition	https://www.zhihu.com/question/36417524	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev	A man in a dark suit walks away from the camera on a city sidewalk, carrying a large blue duffel bag over his shoulder. He holds a pale mask resembling a human face in his right hand.
1,001,432	who is this person?	nan	Harry Styles	Idris Elba	Benedict Cumberbatch	Ed Sheeran	A	celebrity_recognition	https://i2-prod.mirror.c…man-Arrivals.jpg	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev	A person with dark, wavy hair and a light beard smiles warmly at the camera, wearing a sleek black outfit. The background features a bright blue backdrop with partially visible white text. The individual stands centered, exuding a polished and confident presence at what appears to be a formal event.
805	Which image shows the highest contrast?	nan	upper left	upper right	down left	down right	B	image_quality	koniq10k	coarse_perception	8844729886_5528731780_2344211137_9346378862_1	dev	A group of people in the ocean paddle near a small vessel, creating splashes in the blue water. Red plastic cups, glass bottles, and bottle caps are arranged on a table in a casual setup. A colorful mural featuring a skeletal figure is visible behind a chain-link fence. A person in a blue shirt performs a pull-up on a metal bar structure outdoors.
2,000,880	What is the relationship between the people in the image?	nan	commercial	family	couple	friends	B	social_relation	PISC	relation_reasoning	06798.jpg	dev	A man in a blue striped shirt and white cap gestures with his hands while standing behind a seated man on a boat. The seated man wears a gray shirt and faces left, with a white life preserver marked "ANDER" positioned near the boat’s wooden railing.
2,000,889	Which option describe the object relationship in the image correctly?	nan	The wine bottle is in front of the cat.	The cat is drinking beer.	The cat is under the backpack.	The car is behind the suitcase.	A	spatial_relationship	vsr-train2017	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	000000199940.jpg	dev	A black cat stands beside a green "NOTRO" wine bottle featuring a red flower label on a kitchen counter. The cat’s tail is raised, and it stares directly at the camera with bright yellow eyes. In the background, various bottles and a person’s legs in jeans are visible near a doorway. A glass bowl sits partially in view on the right side of the counter. The scene is lit by natural light streaming through a window behind the cat.
1,001,703	What's the function of the demonstrated object?	nan	Measure the level	excavate	transport	weld	D	function_reasoning	https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=D%2f%2fgjCsj&id=EA76A0A9FCD9C032DEAED9569AB957F3A079CCE5&thid=OIP.D__gjCsjAvJ5CLYJskpUBwHaHa&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fth.bing.com%2fth%2fid%2fR.0fffe08c2b2302f27908b609b24a5407%3frik%3d5cx5oPNXuZpW2Q%26riu%3dhttp%253a%252f%252fwww.hdwjc.com%252fup%252f2019-12-09%252f20170512-1494570709409920.gif%26ehk%3diNBFGit1NzeyJ5C3mrCt5clQJ%252fzNV9bTjkxMwh%252fJQUg%253d%26risl%3d%26pid%3dImgRaw%26r%3d0&exph=750&expw=750&q=%e7%94%b5%e7%84%8a%e6%9c%ba&simid=608052148529405595&FORM=IRPRST&ck=5BC3A32C1E87618CD506A0891F7E5FA2&selectedIndex=0&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev	A red industrial machine with two black top handles features a digital current meter display, control knobs, and the model label "ZX7-400G" on its front panel. The machine has ventilation grilles on its side, metallic screws securing the casing, and Chinese characters printed vertically on the left side. The front panel includes labeled components such as "IGBT" and multiple adjustment knobs, with two metallic output terminals at the bottom.
1,001,957	In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?	nan	Symbiotic relationship	Predatory relationships	Competitive relationships	Parasitic relationships	A	nature_relation	https://th.bing.com/th/id/R.950c9cc3c5239d21ef202dd9fe0f0135?rik=lEscyqvbmoLWuQ&riu=http%3a%2f%2fpic26.photophoto.cn%2f20130311%2f0005018483962857_b.jpg&ehk=nGNDgVdttMd2mTMXI1%2fZhJmz%2fHv4mz1f%2bVGU4nBh3zQ%3d&risl=&pid=ImgRaw&r=0	relation_reasoning	nan	dev	A blue butterfly with yellow wing markings hovers near a pink flower with a green stem and leaf. The flower has five rounded petals and a blue center with green stamens. The butterfly’s wings are spread as it approaches the flower against a plain white background.
3,001,680	Which Python code can generate the content of the image?	nan	def get_vowels(string): return [vowel for vowel in string if vowel in 'weiou'] print("Vowels are:", get_vowels('This is some random string'))	def get_vowels(string): return [vowel for vowel in string if vowel in 'aeiou'] print("Vowels are:", get_vowels('This is a string'))	def get_vowels(string): return [vowel for vowel in string if vowel in 'aeiou'] print("Vowels are:", get_vowels('string'))	def get_vowels(string): return [vowel for vowel in string if vowel in 'aeiou'] print("Vowels are:", get_vowels('This is some random string'))	D	structuralized_imagetext_understanding	https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/374461054	logic_reasoning	nan	dev	A light gray rectangular box contains black text stating "Vowels are: ['i', 'i', 'o', 'e', 'a', 'o', 'i']". The text displays a list of single-quoted vowel characters separated by commas inside square brackets. The background is plain white with no additional elements or decorations. The font is monospaced and clearly legible. The layout is minimalistic, focusing solely on the textual content.
1,608	Which category does this image belong to?	nan	MRI image	icon	microscopic image	abstract painting	A	image_style	https://www.kenhub.com/t…ary/13517/ff.jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev	A grayscale axial MRI scan displays a human brain with distinct cerebral hemispheres, visible sulci, and ventricles. The outer skull forms a thin bright border around the brain tissue against a black background. Varying shades of gray highlight different tissue densities and fluid-filled spaces within the brain. The image centers on the brain's symmetrical structure, showing detailed anatomical features. Darker regions indicate cerebrospinal fluid or less dense tissue areas.
345	What is the name of the colony shown?	nan	Virginia	Michigan	Kentucky	Maryland	A	object_localization	scienceqa	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev	A map of the eastern United States displays states in light green, with one state in the mid-Atlantic region highlighted in dark green. The surrounding Atlantic Ocean and Great Lakes are shown in blue, while adjacent states remain unshaded. The highlighted state is bordered by multiple light green states and a small section of coastline. The map uses a minimalist color scheme to emphasize the distinct region.
1,001,760	The area of which figure can be calculated using the formula in this picture?	nan	Circle.	Square.	Rectangle.	Triangle.	B	ocr	https://media.geeksforge…-05-05-copy.webp	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev	The image displays a light blue "S²" symbol centered on a plain white background. The "S" is a large, bold serif character, and the "2" appears as a smaller superscript numeral. The design is minimalistic with no additional elements or text present.
1,000,386	Based on the text, why are blue dragons dangerous?	Read the text about the blue dragon. Do dragons exist? Believe it or not, the oceans contain a lizard-like creature called the blue glaucus or blue dragon. However, these "dragons" are not the fire-breathing beasts of fantasy. In fact, they are only about an inch long. Blue dragons are a type of sea slug. Although these slugs are cuter than legendary dragons, you shouldn't let their squishy bodies fool you. These tiny creatures can be dangerous! Blue dragons eat poisonous sea creatures, such as Portuguese man-of-wars. The blue dragons store their prey's venom in their many "fingers." They can then use that stored poison to defend themselves. So, never touch a blue dragon‚Äîunless you want to get a painful and possibly serious sting. Blue dragons have another way to stay safe from predators. They float on their backs so their bright blue bellies point upward. The blue blends in with the water, making it hard for predators flying overhead to see them. And predators swimming below will have trouble spotting the dragons' gray backs. The light color blends with the sunlight shining down through the water. This two-color effect is called countershading, and it's a good way to avoid getting eaten! You might see blue dragons washed up on some beaches, but they usually drift on warm surfaces of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. An air bubble in their stomach allows them to float for long periods of time. It is difficult for scientists to find these tiny creatures in the vast oceans. So, there is still much we don't know about them. What we do know, though, is that these beautiful dragons are full of surprising traits.	Their sting is painful and can harm humans.	Their strong fingers squeeze prey.	They have razor-sharp teeth and sharp fingers.	They use weapons to catch food.	A	physical_property_reasoning	scienceqa	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev	A vibrant blue and silver sea slug with elongated, wing-like appendages glides through shallow water. Its body features striking blue cerata tipped with white, fanning out symmetrically. Delicate green seaweed strands float around the creature, set against a sandy ocean floor. The slug’s smooth, streamlined form contrasts with the textured background.
1,000,544	Identify the emotion expressed in this image.	nan	love	happiness	sadness	anger	B	image_emotion	Internet	coarse_perception	nan	dev	Two yellow smiley-face balloons with black eyes and red noses float against a vibrant sky. The sky transitions from soft pink to blue with scattered wispy white clouds. The balloons' glossy surfaces catch the light, emphasizing their cheerful expressions.

3,001,526

where is the cat?

nan

top-left

bottom-left

bottom-right

top-right

C

object_localization

https://farm3.staticflic…bbbde2b6b5_z.jpg

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

A black-and-white dog rests on a patterned bedspread in a sunlit bedroom, gazing toward a window. A cat stands near the window with dark curtains, looking outside at trees visible through the glass. The unmade bed features scattered items and a decorative cover with circular designs. Light streams through the window, illuminating the room’s soft textures and the animals’ calm postures.

3,000,049

Which one is the correct caption of this image?

nan

An old building with a steeple and two clocks is surrounded by gray clouds.

a girl in shorts and shoes kicking a soccer ball in a stadium

A yellow and blue fire hydrant sitting on a sidewalk.

a woman a sign and a tan teddy bear

C

image_scene

description

coarse_perception

nan

dev

A yellow fire hydrant with blue accents stands on a concrete sidewalk near a street intersection. Above, a green highway sign indicates "Las Vegas North" with an arrow pointing left for Interstate 15. Traffic lights display green signals, and a clear blue sky overlooks the urban scene with distant buildings and vehicles.

3,000,712

Extract text from the image

nan

INDEPENDENCE

LIBERTY

AUTONOMY

FREEDOM

B

ocr

TextVQA test-split

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

0a96487c90a85f97.jpg

dev

A black-and-white line drawing depicts a multi-story Art Deco building with a prominent vertical "LIBERTY" sign on a tower. The structure features stepped, tiered facades with horizontal lines and rectangular windows, including three ground-floor doors and multiple smaller windows above. The building sits at a street corner, with sketched lines indicating the road and sidewalk in the foreground. The architectural details emphasize geometric shapes and clean, angular lines typical of early 20th-century design.

1,001,711

What's the function of the demonstrated object?

nan

Cutting platform

clean

measurement

Bulldozing

D

function_reasoning

https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=OE1UBVhR&id=0FC378CD43E25D93378DF0DEF447360A458377DC&thid=OIP.OE1UBVhR-y1LdvpvahAbVQHaE7&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fth.bing.com%2fth%2fid%2fR.384d54055851fb2d4b76fa6f6a101b55%3frik%3d3HeDRQo2R%252fTe8A%26riu%3dhttp%253a%252f%252fimages.998jx.com%252f20170422%252f14928310694748.jpg%26ehk%3dh%252bf5hufqEDrQ%252fVs32mTFa6Ac6EylnipHVNhYhsVYjCA%253d%26risl%3d%26pid%3dImgRaw%26r%3d0&exph=1066&expw=1600&q=%e6%8e%a8%e5%9c%9f%e6%9c%ba&simid=607996790708392152&FORM=IRPRST&ck=C39DA0A650C45C1C249CE8676C790077&selectedIndex=1&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

A yellow bulldozer marked with "61PX" moves across a dirt field, its blade displacing soil and creating a trail of dust. The machine’s black cab and large tracked wheels are clearly visible under a clear blue sky. Distant green hills form the backdrop of the active construction site.

1,756

Which special day is associated with this poster?

nan

Earth Day.

Children's Day.

Father's Day.

Mother's Day

B

ocr

https://www.vecteezy.com/vector-art/699849-happy-children-s-day-balloon-poster

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

A colorful hot air balloon with red and green vertical stripes displays "Happy Children's Day!" in playful, multicolored lettering. Three smiling children with varied hairstyles and clothing sit in the brown wicker basket beneath the balloon. The scene is set against a light blue sky dotted with fluffy white clouds. The balloon floats centrally, with the text prominently positioned on its upper section.

1,001,025

What is the achievement in this image?

nan

She will be the first to cross the finish line

She will finish last in the race

She will not finish the race

She will finish in the middle of the pack

A

future_prediction

Internet

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

A woman in a blue tank top and black shorts crosses a yellow finish line with raised arms, smiling broadly. Behind her, several runners in athletic wear follow on a paved path lined with greenery. The scene takes place outdoors on a sunny day with trees and grass visible in the background.

3,000,028

Which one is the correct caption of this image?

nan

A person sitting on a bench with lots of written signs.

A sad woman laying on a mattress on a hardwood floor.

A large long train on a steel track.

A series of parking meters and cars are located next to each other.

D

image_scene

description

coarse_perception

nan

dev

A row of dark gray parking meters lines a sunlit urban street, with the closest meter in sharp focus against a blurred background. Parked cars fill the right side of the frame, their metallic surfaces reflecting afternoon light. Behind the meters, a sidewalk runs parallel to the street, bordered by buildings with awnings and leafy trees. The scene captures a quiet moment in a city neighborhood, with soft bokeh highlighting distant vehicles and foliage.

2,001,150

What can be the relationship between the two persons in this image?

nan

Brother and sister

Husband and wife

Father and daughter

Mother and son

D

social_relation

https://media.istockphot…TSC7ilKkWrUik1s=

relation_reasoning

nan

dev

A woman and a young child sit closely on a bed, the woman holding a white card with a red heart while embracing the child. The bed is adorned with colorful pillows in orange, green, and yellow, and a wooden headboard is visible behind them. String lights with golden star decorations hang on the light-colored wall in the background.

2,001,329

Which mood does this image convey?

nan

Happy

Angry

Cozy

Anxious

A

image_emotion

https://th.bing.com/th/id/OIP.XmXJv1CY8WhwxRpWMhfeqAHaE7?w=283&h=189&c=7&r=0&o=5&dpr=1.5&pid=1.7

coarse_perception

nan

dev

A child with curly red hair wears a light purple shirt, a small orange and black butterfly resting on their nose. Lush green foliage and vibrant pink flowers fill the background. The child smiles with eyes closed, capturing a joyful moment in a garden setting.

3,000,582

Which action is performed in this image?

nan

playing cymbals

long jump

cheerleading

marching

B

action_recognition

action/aras

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

aras_clips/long_jump/Lb9uRwBml1I_0.mp4

dev

A large crowd lines both sides of a dirt path, with people sitting and standing under trees and colorful flags. In the foreground, a person holds a white smartphone to record or photograph the scene. The gathering appears to be an outdoor event or protest in a rural area, with banners visible in the background. The atmosphere is dense with attendees focused toward the center of the path.

3,001,047

What type of environment is depicted in the picture?

nan

shopping mall

street

forest

home

B

image_scene

https://st2.depositphoto…ue-of-street.jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev

An empty urban intersection features a wide crosswalk with white stripes on dark asphalt. Tall modern skyscrapers with glass and concrete facades line both sides of the street, interspersed with rows of green trees. The road stretches toward a distant skyline under an overcast sky, with no visible vehicles or pedestrians. Traffic lights and street signs are positioned at the corners, while the scene remains quiet and still.

2,001,514

Where is the strawberry cake?

nan

bottom-left

bottom-right

top-right

top-left

D

object_localization

https://farm4.staticflic…488e4f6315_z.jpg

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

A white plate features three desserts: a dark chocolate fondant with a cream filling and chocolate shard, a slice of sponge cake, and a small pastry topped with strawberry and orange segments. Red and yellow sauce drizzles decorate the plate, complemented by a sprinkle of green garnish. The arrangement is neatly presented against the clean, white dish.

2,000,570

Identify the art style of this image.

nan

Baroque

watercolor

oil paint

vector art

B

image_style

Internet

coarse_perception

nan

dev

A vibrant hummingbird with iridescent blue and green plumage hovers mid-flight, its long beak extended toward a cluster of pink flower buds. The bird’s wings blur with motion, showcasing golden and green hues against a soft, pastel-colored background. Lush green leaves and delicate pink petals frame the scene, creating a serene, nature-inspired composition. The artwork captures the hummingbird’s dynamic posture and the gentle contrast of vivid colors against the muted backdrop.

2,000,768

Which image is the brightest one?

nan

down left

down right

upper left

upper right

A

image_quality

koniq10k

coarse_perception

6992326754_7636475996_1057997640_5508551413_0

dev

A black dog rests on a red checkered blanket, its body stretched out and head turned to the side. A person in a red shirt with black stripes sits under dim red lighting, surrounded by indistinct objects. A wooden pulpit draped with a white cloth featuring a cross is positioned in a room with a person standing behind it. A glass of beer labeled "Hommel bier" sits on a dark surface, illuminated by warm lighting.

394

Which sentence correctly describes capybaras?

Read the text about capybaras. What animal looks like a guinea pig and a hippopotamus? The world's largest rodent, the capybara! Also called capys, these animals enjoy being in wetlands and rain forest waters. They are strong swimmers that wade in mud to keep cool. Like guinea pigs, capys have short legs and chubby bodies with shaggy fur. Much like hippos, capys have their eyes, ears, and nostrils located high on their heads. This helps them check out their surroundings while staying mostly underwater. Staying out of sight is important when you're the favorite food of jaguars and snakes! Luckily, capybaras can hide underwater for five minutes at a time. Plus, their webbed toes help them paddle fast. Capybaras live in Central and South America, usually in groups of between ten and forty. They eat plants like grass, reeds, grains, melons, and squash. They eat a lot of tough plants that are rich in fiber. To help break the plants down, capybaras have long teeth that chew side to side. They also have special bacteria in their guts that help break down fiber. Though capybaras are happiest in the wild, they are easily trained. Zookeepers have taught these gentle rodents to walk onto scales to be weighed, go into crates, and sit still for physical exams. How do they do it? Food treats and belly rubs are fun rewards. Capybaras are so quick to learn that one was once used as a guide animal for a blind man in Suriname. The capybara population is mostly stable, but capys are still threatened by deforestation. When large areas of trees are cleared, it reduces the capybaras' shelter. But now, people are starting to limit the number of trees people can cut in rain forests. This is good news for capybaras, as their home is being protected.

They are shy animals that usually hide in tall grass.

They are wild guinea pigs that live in mountain forests.

They are the closest relatives of the hippopotamus.

They are large rodents that are powerful swimmers.

D

physical_property_reasoning

scienceqa

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

A large, wet brown capybara stands on a grassy field with its thick fur clinging to its robust body. The animal faces right, displaying a calm expression and small rounded ears. The background features a blurred expanse of green vegetation under natural daylight. The capybara’s sturdy legs and broad snout are clearly visible against the open landscape.

3,001,918

What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?

nan

A group of artists are painting a mural on a city wall, using brushes, rollers, and cans of spray paint to bring color and vibrancy to the community.

Sun Wukong put his golden hoop rod on his shoulder, and his application was solemn, as if thinking about something

A woman is doing Pilates in a studio, using controlled movements to improve her flexibility, strength, and posture.

A musician is performing on stage in front of a live audience, singing and playing instruments with passion and energy.

B

action_recognition

https://www.zhihu.com/question/36417524

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

A figure in scale-like armor with a red scarf and ornate headband grips a long staff, standing before a weathered stone fortress with an arched gateway. Several people in period attire gather near the gate, while a lone individual in red stands atop the fortress wall.

1,351

Which mood does this image convey?

nan

Sad

Anxious

Happy

Angry

A

image_emotion

https://cdn.pixabay.com/…5547086_1280.jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev

A person with long brown hair rests their head on folded arms atop a wooden table, wearing a white long-sleeve shirt. Their hands, with pink-painted nails, are positioned under their chin. The background features a blurred interior setting with neutral tones. The scene conveys a quiet, contemplative moment.

2,001,209

What will happen next?

nan

the car is gonna fly

the car is gonna drive backwards

the car is gonna crash into the house

both A,B, and C

C

future_prediction

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6urQm7Prs22

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

A white sedan modified with large wings sits on a dirt surface in front of a large, curved metal hangar under a clear blue sky. The hangar features a corrugated exterior and an open entrance, with a white SUV and a red vehicle parked nearby. A chain-link fence with partially visible signage runs along the left side, separating the area from additional industrial structures.

3,000,689

What is the object in this picture?

nan

table tennis bats

tennis racket

baseball bat

badminton racket

D

celebrity_recognition

Internet

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

https://www.mysuperbest.…83%E6%8B%8D.webp

dev

A badminton racket with a black frame accented by yellow and green hues is positioned diagonally against a plain white background. The racket's strings feature a red geometric logo near the top, with a crisscross pattern visible across the string bed. The handle is black with a textured grip, transitioning into a yellow section where it meets the frame. The overall design emphasizes a sleek, sporty aesthetic with vibrant color contrasts.

2,001,962

In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?

nan

Parasitic relationships

Symbiotic relationship

Predatory relationships

Competitive relationships

B

nature_relation

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTfZu-c0CdmjjqYExsZGj910SKhjqUkj-uoPA&usqp=CAU

relation_reasoning

nan

dev

The image shows a spotted pufferfish with a rounded body and open mouth revealing a long, beak-like structure. Its light-colored skin is covered in dark spots, and it has small fins along its sides. The fish swims against a solid blue background, highlighting its distinctive features and streamlined shape.

1,000,432

Why might forming strong social bonds with other females increase the reproductive success of a female baboon? Complete the claim below that answers this question and is best supported by the passage. Forming strong social bonds with other females increases the chances that ().

Animals often behave in certain ways that can increase their reproductive success. Read the passage about a specific animal behavior. Then, follow the instructions below. Baboons are found in many parts of Africa, where they live in groups. Female baboons in a group can form social bonds, or close relationships, with other females. Most female baboons form social bonds, but some have stronger bonds than others. Females that have stronger social bonds spend more time grooming, or cleaning, each other. When a female has strong social bonds with other females, more of her offspring reach adulthood than the offspring of females with weak social bonds. This may be because having strong social bonds helps a female handle stress. When female baboons are stressed, the females that have strong social bonds spend more time together. This makes the females less stressed, which can also help their offspring. Figure: baboons grooming one another.

the female's offspring will be around other females

the female's offspring will live longer

the female will spend more time grooming other baboons

nan

B

nature_relation

scienceqa

relation_reasoning

nan

dev

Two baboons interact on a rocky surface, one lying on its back with limbs raised while the other sits atop, gripping its arm. Their light brown fur contrasts with the blurred green foliage and water in the background. The baboon on the bottom appears relaxed, while the one above maintains a firm hold, showcasing dynamic physical engagement.

484

Which term matches the picture?

Read the text. The nucleus is an important feature of a eukaryotic cell. The nucleus is usually round and stores long coiled structures called chromosomes, which contain the cell's genetic material. A prokaryotic cell, by contrast, doesn't have a nucleus. Instead, its chromosomes are loose in the cell, not surrounded by a membrane. Because prokaryotic cells lack nuclei and other membrane-bound structures, prokaryotic cells are typically simpler than eukaryotic cells.

prokaryotic cell

eukaryotic cell

nan

A

attribute_recognition

scienceqa

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

A cartoon-style bacterium features a purple outer membrane with short, hair-like projections. Its interior shows yellow cytoplasm containing a coiled pink DNA strand. Two long, blue flagella extend from one end of the oval-shaped cell. The background is plain white, emphasizing the colorful microbial structure.

3,001,889

What direction is Zambia in Madagascar?

nan

southwest

southeast

northwest

northeast

C

spatial_relationship

https://www.google.com/maps/@44.3563054,26.1089918,4z?entry=ttu

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

A political map of Africa displays country borders and names, including Morocco, Egypt, Nigeria, and South Africa. Green shading covers regions across central and southern Africa, while northern countries appear in white. The South Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Guinea, and Gulf of Aden are labeled in blue water areas. A dashed line marks the equator horizontally across the continent.

2,000,974

Where is it?

nan

Shanghai

Milan

Pari

London

A

celebrity_recognition

https://img0.baidu.com/it/u=221396920,1553768820&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=138&f=JPEG?w=620&h=364

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

8.png

dev

The image shows a nighttime cityscape with historic buildings illuminated by warm golden lights. A prominent clock tower with a white clock face stands on the left, while ornate multi-story structures with flags line the street. A green traffic sign and streetlights are visible in the foreground, with a bus partially seen on the road. The dark sky contrasts with the vibrant lighting of the architectural facades.

2,000,553

What style is this image?

nan

pencil

late renaissance

HDR

graphite

D

image_style

Internet

coarse_perception

nan

dev

A detailed pencil sketch depicts a kitten with large, round eyes and pointed ears, its fur rendered through intricate shading and fine lines. The kitten’s striped pattern, whiskers, and soft facial features are emphasized with careful textural detail. The background is a plain, light tone, and a signature with the year “08” appears in the bottom right corner.

1,106

Are the two horses in the picture the same size?

nan

same

Not the same

Can't judge

nan

B

attribute_comparison

https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=Z09Xhc8c&id=460890B11CA27841E911383B544B574F6E677021&thid=OIP.Z09Xhc8c8YpoNU9S8rZdOQHaEo&mediaurl=https%3A%2F%2Ffsimg1.xbdedu.cn%2F2015%2F08%2F0871121A-6015-969B-0A8D-A2143AEC4D86.png&exph=413&expw=660&q=%e4%b8%a4%e4%b8%aa%e7%89%a9%e4%bd%93%e5%af%b9%e6%af%94%e5%9b%be&simid=607997009751667204&form=IRPRST&ck=F1A0C463912DA9EDF7882AA12AB010D2&selectedindex=120&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0&vt=0&sim=11

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

Two ceramic horse figurines, one larger and one smaller, stand side by side against a plain light blue background. Both horses have light beige bodies with brown manes and tails, wearing red collars decorated with gold patterns and colorful gem-like accents. The larger horse’s collar features a central pendant, while the smaller horse’s collar has a simpler design. Their smooth, rounded forms and gentle expressions create a whimsical, handcrafted appearance.

2,000,391

What are rays?

Read the first part of the passage about rays. Rays are a kind of fish. But they do not look like other fish. Most rays are shaped like big, flat kites. Rays have great big fins that look like wings. The fins help rays swim. Rays look like birds flying in the water.

Rays are fish that do not have fins.

Rays are fish that are shaped like kites.

Rays are birds that swim in the water.

nan

B

physical_property_reasoning

scienceqa

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

Two large manta rays glide gracefully through clear blue water near a rocky coral reef. Their white underbellies and wide pectoral fins are prominent as they swim side by side. The reef features dark rocks, scattered coral formations, and sparse sea plants. A small fish swims near the bottom left, adding to the vibrant underwater scene.

676

How many planes are visible in this picture?

nan

three

two

one

five

C

object_localization

COCO_test2015

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

000000002765.jpg

dev

A Cathay Pacific airplane is positioned on a runway, its white fuselage marked with the airline’s name and green branding. The aircraft, featuring a distinctive green and white tail fin, appears to be taxiing on the paved surface. Surrounding the runway are grassy areas and a dense line of green trees in the background. Distant structures and a communication tower are visible beyond the tree line under an overcast sky.

626

What motion this image want to convey?

nan

happy

angry

sad

terrified

D

attribute_recognition

internet

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

mood_12.jpeg

dev

A woman in a green turtleneck sweater and blue jeans sits on the floor, hugging a gray pillow to her chest with one knee raised. Her posture is curled, and she gazes downward with a contemplative expression.

2,000,018

What is correct Python code to generate the content of the image?

nan

x = lambda a: a + 10\nprint(x(5))

x = 1.10\ny = 1.0\nz = -35.59\n\nprint(type(x))\nprint(type(y))\nprint(type(z))\n

x = 1\ny = 2.8\nz = 1j\n\nprint(type(x))\nprint(type(y))\nprint(type(z))\n

print(10 > 9)\nprint(10 == 9)\nprint(10 < 9)\n

D

structuralized_imagetext_understanding

code

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

A black background displays three lines of white text aligned to the left. The first line reads "True," the second line reads "False," and the third line reads "False." No other visual elements or objects are present in the image. The text appears in a simple, monospaced font. The overall composition is minimalistic with high contrast between the text and background.

1,015

Which is right?

nan

The man is at the right of the image

The man is flying in the sea

The man is on the bottom of the image

The man is flying in the sky

D

physical_relation

COCO train2014

relation_reasoning

19.png

dev

A person is airborne while kite surfing, gripping the control bar with both hands as they hover above churning ocean waves. The surfer stands on a board with feet secured, suspended against a stark, overcast sky. Whitecaps and foamy waves crash below, creating a dynamic contrast with the calm upper portion of the image. The black-and-white composition emphasizes the dramatic motion and texture of the sea and sky.

1,867

What direction is Turjmenistan in Iran?

nan

east

south

west

north

D

spatial_relationship

https://www.google.com/maps/@44.3563054,26.1089918,4z?entry=ttu

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

Political map of Central and South Asia displaying countries including Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, India, Nepal, and Myanmar. The map uses green and beige shading to indicate terrain variations across the region. Blue areas represent water bodies such as the Caspian Sea and the Arabian Sea. Country borders are marked with solid and dashed lines, with national names labeled in black text.

1,000,654

In the picture, which direction is the man facing?

nan

right

back to the camera

facing the camera

left

C

object_localization

COCO_test2015

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

000000005978.jpg

dev

A person stands on a snowy mountain slope, holding blue ski poles and wearing a white and brown jacket, black pants, and snowshoes. Towering snow-covered peaks rise in the background under a clear blue sky.

2,001,956

In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?

nan

Parasitic relationships

Symbiotic relationship

Predatory relationships

Competitive relationships

D

nature_relation

https://imgnew11.photoph…u-23580881_2.jpg

relation_reasoning

nan

dev

The image displays a wolf's head on the left with brown and gray fur, yellow eyes, and a black nose. To the right, a tiger's head features orange fur with black stripes, a white muzzle, and yellow eyes. Both animal heads are positioned against a plain white background, facing forward with detailed facial markings.

1,938

What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?

nan

A man is surfing on a beach, riding the waves and feeling the rush of adrenaline while connecting with the power of the ocean.

A woman stuck to the window and looked out as if she had something on her mind.

A family is playing miniature golf on a course, putting their way through whimsical obstacles while laughing and having fun.

A family is camping in the wilderness, pitching tents, building a fire, and enjoying the serenity of nature.

B

action_recognition

https://www.zhihu.com/question/36417524

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

A person with short dark hair wears a red patterned shirt and presses their hands against a glass window, their reflection visible in the dimly lit scene. Their solemn expression and clasped hands suggest quiet contemplation as they gaze outward.

1,001,961

In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?

nan

Symbiotic relationship

Predatory relationships

Competitive relationships

Parasitic relationships

A

nature_relation

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSQgRTQa1SAL04f2M89POl3-C7aq-4B0GAUVg&usqp=CAU

relation_reasoning

nan

dev

A light brown antelope with white underparts and distinctive facial markings stands in a lush green environment, two small brown birds perched on its back. The birds, one near the antelope’s shoulder and the other closer to its neck, face opposite directions while the antelope gazes to the right. Dense green foliage and blurred trees form the background, emphasizing the natural habitat. The scene captures a moment of coexistence between the antelope and the birds in their verdant surroundings.

1,001,713

What's the function of the demonstrated object?

nan

steam

Cooking

Cook soup

Fry

B

function_reasoning

https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=G7ibfiNv&id=2D6BFB9C13113C3B7EA1791684C398B642B21227&thid=OIP.G7ibfiNvU8ZVHl8JP6asrAHaHa&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fwww.wanwupai.com%2fupload%2fproduct%2f20190917-1%2fcbcb8b3a174a26a05db9d0e19212ae3d.png&exph=800&expw=800&q=%e7%82%92%e9%94%85&simid=608051800650558057&FORM=IRPRST&ck=48BE83810B6EF8686CFC0CD1793A86B5&selectedIndex=1&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

A black carbon steel wok with a smooth, rounded interior sits against a plain white background. It features a long wooden handle with a warm brown finish, secured by two metallic rivets near the base. The wok's wide, shallow design and slightly flared rim are characteristic of traditional cooking vessels. A small metal loop at the handle's end allows for hanging storage.

1,000,112

Which one is the correct caption of this image?

nan

A cat is laying on top of a laptop computer.

A white and red bus is traveling down a road.

There are several pictures of a woman riding a horse at a competition.

A soccer player looks up at a soccer ball.

D

action_recognition

description

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

A soccer player in an orange jersey and white shorts leaps to head a blue soccer ball mid-air on a grassy field. Teammates in orange and opponents in gray jerseys, one displaying "The Hole" and the number 12, surround him during the match. Trees, a picnic bench, and parked vehicles are visible in the background under a clear sky. The scene captures the intensity of the game with players focused on the ball.

2,001,594

Which category does this image belong to?

nan

digital art

photo

medical CT image

8-bit

C

image_style

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSEHsv2PhsESZmoLDd3OePr_ccTM5STCuUmig&usqp=CAU

coarse_perception

nan

dev

This grayscale axial CT scan displays a cross-sectional view of the abdomen. Visible structures include symmetric kidneys with distinct cortices, the spinal column with high-density bone, and sections of the intestines containing air and contrast material. The liver and spleen are present with varying tissue densities, and the abdominal aorta is visible near the spine. The image shows clear differentiation between soft tissues, bone, and air-filled regions. The outer edge of the scan is framed by a dark circular border.

2,001,862

What direction is China in Afghanistan?

nan

west

north

east

south

C

spatial_relationship

https://www.google.com/maps/@44.3563054,26.1089918,4z?entry=ttu

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

A political map displays Central and South Asia, highlighting countries including Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, India, Nepal, and Myanmar. The map uses green shading for landmasses with white borders delineating national boundaries, while blue represents water bodies such as the Caspian Sea and Arabian Sea. Abbreviations like "PB," "RJ," and "MH" mark subdivisions within India. Country names are labeled in black text, with some regions showing faint topographical details. The map also includes parts of the Arabian Peninsula, such as Oman and Saudi Arabia.

1,001,757

The area of which figure can be calculated using the formula in this picture?

nan

Circle.

Square.

Rectangle.

Triangle.

A

ocr

https://media.geeksforge…-05-05-copy.webp

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

The image displays the mathematical formula "πr²" in light blue text on a plain white background. The characters are presented in a clean, sans-serif font with the superscript "2" positioned to the upper right of the "r". The text is centered within the frame, with no additional elements or background details visible. The formula appears clearly and is the sole focus of the image.

1,000,962

Which is the main topic of the image

nan

A woman skiting

A woman surfing

A man skiting

A man surfing

D

image_topic

COCO train2014

coarse_perception

16.png

dev

A surfer in a black wetsuit performs a mid-air maneuver above a breaking wave on a white surfboard. Water sprays dynamically around the board as the surfer extends one arm for balance. The open ocean stretches across the background with gentle swells under bright daylight.

267

Which part of an apple tree might grow into a new tree?

This diagram shows the life cycle of an apple tree.

a seed

a leaf

nan

A

physical_property_reasoning

scienceqa

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

The image illustrates an apple tree life cycle with a circular arrow connecting stages: a seedling in a pot, an adult tree bearing red apples, a cross-section of fruit showing seeds, and a whole red apple. Two bees pollinate pink flowers labeled with "pollen," "pistil," and "anther," highlighting reproductive parts. The diagram includes close-ups of a flower with a bee transferring pollen and a fruit revealing internal seeds. Arrows guide the sequence from seedling to mature tree and back to seeds, emphasizing growth and reproduction. Key elements like green leaves, red apples, and labeled floral structures are clearly depicted.

3,001,454

what landmark is this? and where is it?

nan

The Eiffel Tower in Paris, France

St. Basil’s Cathedral in Moscow, Russia

Blue Domed Church in Santorini, Greece

The Statue of Liberty in New York, USA

A

celebrity_recognition

https://i0.wp.com/www.de…=700%2C933&ssl=1

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

The Eiffel Tower dominates the scene with its intricate iron lattice structure against a clear blue sky. A red double-decker bus is parked near the base, surrounded by neatly trimmed hedges and scattered pedestrians. In the background, a colorful pink structure and distant buildings are visible beneath the tower’s arches. The foreground features a paved area with a few street lamps and greenery lining the perimeter.

1,919

What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?

nan

Boys and girls are sheltering from the rain under the eaves, and the boy holds his bicycle in his hand and holds his backpack over his head for shelter

A man is skydiving from an airplane, freefalling through the air before deploying his parachute and gliding safely to the ground.

A family is picnicking in a park, spreading out a blanket and sharing food and good conversation in the great outdoors.

A group of volunteers are cleaning up a beach, picking up trash and debris to protect marine life and preserve the environment.

A

action_recognition

https://www.zhihu.com/question/36417524

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

A young man in a black school uniform holds a bag over his head while standing in the rain next to a bicycle. A woman in a gray sweater and black vest bows her head nearby, with a brick wall and greenery behind her. In the background, figures with white umbrellas walk along a wet pathway. Rain falls heavily, creating a reflective surface on the ground.

1,001,355

Which mood does this image convey?

nan

Angry

Sad

Anxious

Happy

B

image_emotion

https://cdn.pixabay.com/…5548437_1280.jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev

A solitary figure walks along the wet shoreline of a beach, their reflection mirrored in the shallow water. Gentle waves lap at the sand under an overcast sky, with a distant island visible on the horizon. The black-and-white scene captures the quiet expanse of the ocean meeting the shore, where faint footprints trail behind the person.

1,103

Are the two apples in the picture the same color?

nan

same

Not the same

Can't judge

nan

B

attribute_comparison

https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=DkIVtqij&id=EC43F4BC3AA64F1DA95691F73EFE9B137AF62FED&thid=OIP.DkIVtqij_PFGnUszH0Bk3AHaEN&mediaurl=https%3A%2F%2Fpic3.zhimg.com%2Fv2-5c0fe95cae07522fceeff5cd9dade416_r.jpg&exph=1080&expw=1902&q=%e4%b8%a4%e4%b8%aa%e7%89%a9%e4%bd%93%e5%af%b9%e6%af%94%e5%9b%be&simid=608049219369979469&form=IRPRST&ck=B7989BDB253982DCC2BF26875DD95DB5&selectedindex=93&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0&vt=0&sim=11

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

Two side-by-side still life compositions feature a sculpted ear on a rectangular base, an apple, paintbrushes, and stacked books with "10" visible on the spines, all resting on a draped white cloth. The left panel is in color, showing a red apple, a red-handled brush, and a background painting with yellow flowers, while the right panel is a grayscale version with a darker apple and muted background textures. Both arrangements include a black book with Chinese characters and a wooden surface beneath the cloth. The grayscale panel replaces the colorful background with a smudged, abstract tone, altering the scene’s depth and contrast. Each composition maintains identical object placement, emphasizing the transition from vibrant color to monochrome shading.

1,000,498

Which can be the associated text with this image posted on twitter

nan

Congress supporters celebrating #KarnatakaElectionResults by waving Muzlim flags in front of the sacred Marikamaba Temple in Sirsi. They provoke first like this and later whine Hindutvα tεrror, oppression, fαscism when Hindus show them the mirror!

Jing’an Temple👇 in the heart of Shanghai. First built in 247 CE along the north shore of the river that runs through modern Shanghai, the temple was moved to its current location in 1216 due to fears of floods. I like the beauty of its fusion of tradition and modernity.🤔

Cat theme street in Shanghai.🐱🐱🐱

Alan Mcdonald. The Temple of Reason,2020,oil.

B

celebrity_recognition

socialmedia

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

Aerial view of a traditional temple complex with golden roofs and ornate architecture situated amidst a modern cityscape. Tall glass skyscrapers and busy streets with moving vehicles surround the historic structure. The contrast between the ancient-style buildings and contemporary urban development is prominent under a hazy sky. The temple's central courtyard and multiple golden spires stand out against the surrounding high-rises.

3,000,709

Extract text from the image

nan

Vimy Monument

Battle Ridge Remembrance

War Commemoration Site

VIMY MEMORIAL

D

ocr

TextVQA test-split

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

0a96487c90a85f97.jpg

dev

A white octagonal war memorial gazebo with tall columns and a domed roof stands at the center of a sunlit park. The structure features inscribed text, a short staircase with railings, and flower beds filled with colorful blooms at its base.

1,000,345

What is the name of the colony shown?

nan

Maryland

Virginia

Michigan

Kentucky

B

object_localization

scienceqa

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

A map of the eastern United States displays states in varying shades of green, with one state highlighted in dark green. The Great Lakes and Atlantic Ocean are visible in light blue, while Florida appears in light gray. Surrounding states are shaded in lighter green tones, and the map includes coastal and inland geographic boundaries. The dark green state is centrally located among the highlighted region. The background is a neutral gray, emphasizing the colored regions and water bodies.

2,000,610

The other object that is the same color as the large shiny thing is what shape?

nan

sphere

cylinder

cube

nan

B

attribute_recognition

Clevr

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

CLEVR_val_000004.png

dev

A green cylinder stands on the left, next to a small red sphere partially obscured by a large brown sphere. A small purple cylinder sits centrally behind the brown sphere, while a shiny gray metallic sphere and a large gray cylinder occupy the right side of the scene. All objects rest on a plain light gray surface with soft shadows. The background is a uniform muted gray, emphasizing the geometric shapes and their varied textures.

3,000,722

Who is the person in this image?

nan

Lionel Messi

Elon Musk

Steve Jobs

Keanu Reeves

D

celebrity_recognition

Google

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

A man with long dark hair and a beard wears a dark suit, gray dress shirt, and black tie. He stands in front of a dark backdrop featuring partially visible white text, including "CHAPTER 3" and "CARR". The setting appears to be a formal event or promotional appearance.

421

The United States has a federal system. Based on these definitions, which of these statements would most likely be made by a person who lives under a federal system?

Think about the name of the United States of America. As the name shows, the country has both a united national government and a collection of state governments. In the following questions, you will learn about the relationship between the national government and state governments. You will also learn about how state and local governments work. Many countries have both a national government and state governments. However, these countries divide power differently between the national and state governments. The table below describes three different systems for dividing power. Look at the table. Then answer the question below.

My national government officials decide most issues that come up.

Both my state and national government officials have power over important issues.

I only pay attention to state politics since the national government has almost no power.

nan

B

structuralized_imagetext_understanding

scienceqa

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

A table with a purple header compares three government systems: unitary, federal, and confederate. The columns list "System of government," "Amount of power given to national government," and "Definition," with corresponding details for each system. Unitary systems grant the national government "Most" power, federal systems "Middle," and confederate systems "Least." Each row includes a definition explaining the distribution of power between national and state governments.

1,001,362

Which mood does this image convey?

nan

Angry

Sad

Anxious

Happy

A

image_emotion

https://cdn.pixabay.com/…4203671_1280.jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev

A person extends a clenched fist toward the camera against a solid black background. Their face shows an intense expression with furrowed brows and narrowed eyes. The mouth is open, revealing teeth in what appears to be a shout or yell. The stark black backdrop emphasizes the subject's gesture and facial features.

3,000,905

Which option describe the object relationship in the image correctly?

nan

The suitcase is above the bed.

The suitcase is surrounding the cat.

The cat is on top of the suitcase.

The sink is above the cat.

B

spatial_relationship

vsr-train2017

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

000000086229.jpg

dev

A light brown cat with long whiskers peeks out from inside a partially unzipped dark blue suitcase with a textured fabric pattern. The cat’s face is visible through the open zipper, which features a metallic pull tab. The suitcase interior includes a mesh pocket, and the cat appears nestled within the confined space. The scene focuses on the cat’s curious expression as it looks outward from the luggage.

2,001,044

What type of environment is depicted in the picture?

nan

street

forest

home

shopping mall

D

image_scene

https://static3.depositp…-in-the-mall.jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev

A bustling multi-level shopping mall filled with crowds of shoppers moving through open walkways and escalators. Brightly lit storefronts line the upper and lower levels, displaying various goods. Patrons dine at tables in a curved seating area on the ground floor, while blurred figures indicate constant motion throughout the space. The modern interior features glass railings and a high ceiling with decorative lighting structures.

3,000,711

Extract text from the image

nan

BANHOTELL

TRACKSIDE INN

LOCOMOTIVE ACCOMMODATIONS

TRAINSTATION HOTEL

A

ocr

TextVQA test-split

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

1b32c573daac7982.jpg

dev

A white two-story building labeled "BADHOTELL" stands prominently, accompanied by a smaller round structure with a metallic roof. A Swedish flag flies near a white picket fence, with dense evergreen trees forming the backdrop. Additional colorful buildings, including a red and blue one, are visible behind neatly trimmed hedges. The scene is set on a paved area bordered by a low white railing, under an overcast sky.

1,001,787

Which of the following captions best describes this image?

nan

A pizza with pepperoni, mushrooms, and olives

A bowl of fruit with apples, bananas, and oranges

A plate of spaghetti with meatballs and tomato sauce

A sandwich with ham, lettuce, and cheese

D

image_scene

https://assets.sainsbury…ich/original.jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev

A white plate with a red rim holds several triangular whole-grain sandwiches layered with lettuce, ham, and shredded cheese, accompanied by fresh carrot sticks.

1,000,646

Where is the broccoli located in the picture?

nan

bottom right

top right

top left

bottom left

D

object_localization

COCO_test2015

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

000000002765.jpg

dev

A colorful ceramic bowl filled with rice sits on a dark blue and white patterned tablecloth. Next to it, a rectangular plate holds steamed broccoli and a piece of grilled fish. Wooden chopsticks rest beside the rice bowl, with a wooden bowl partially visible in the background. The table setting includes intricate designs on the dishware and a woven texture on the placemat.

1,001,588

Which category does this image belong to?

nan

map

remote sense image

photo

painting

A

image_style

https://cdn.britannica.c…ographic-map.jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev

A close-up view of a topographic map displays intricate contour lines in brown and green, indicating varied terrain elevations. A winding blue river cuts through the landscape, intersecting with red grid lines and labeled geographic features. Text annotations and numerical elevation markers are scattered across the map, providing location and height details. The map's aged, yellowed paper texture is visible beneath the printed details.

1,295

what is the shape of this object?

nan

oval

heart

star

Hexagon

B

attribute_recognition

https://i.ytimg.com/vi/6…axresdefault.jpg

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

Two overlapping heart-shaped paper cutouts, one red and one pink, form a DIY Valentine’s Day card against a light pink background. The pink heart displays a grid of small red hearts and three tiny red hearts near its top edge. To the right, black decorative text reads “DIY Valentine’s Day Card.

1,000,158

Based on the image, what is the likely purpose of the sign on the pizza?

nan

The sign on the pizza is a decoration with no specific purpose.

The sign on the pizza aims to provide nutritional information.

The sign on the pizza serves as a warning about potential allergies.

The sign on the pizza could be an advertisement for a pizza restaurant or a promotional pamphlet.

D

function_reasoning

reasoning

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

A large pizza with a golden-brown crust, topped with pepperoni slices, melted cheese, and scattered green peppers and onions, rests on a wooden peel. Next to the pizza, a white business card displays "Bada Bing Pizza" with a cartoon mobster holding a gun, the phone number "250-716-1012," and the website "www.badabingpizzanaimo.ca." The scene is set on a metallic surface, emphasizing the pizza and promotional card as the central elements.

1,187

What can be the relationship between the two persons in this image?

nan

Brothers

Father and son

Grandfather and grandson

Lovers

B

social_relation

https://media.istockphot…JWwWewNvFxC2YIg=

relation_reasoning

nan

dev

A bearded man in a light blue shirt carries a smiling boy on his shoulders, both looking toward the camera. The boy, wearing a yellow long-sleeve shirt, holds onto the man’s neck with his arms. They stand outdoors under a bright blue sky, with blurred residential buildings visible in the background.

2,001,583

Which category does this image belong to?

nan

painting

map

remote sense image

photo

C

image_style

https://www.52geo.cn/wp-…0d8382238d77.png

coarse_perception

nan

dev

A winding turquoise river cuts through a landscape dotted with large red patches, likely vegetation or land cover. The terrain features a mix of brown and green areas, with a grid-like pattern near the river suggesting urban or agricultural development. Thin lines resembling roads or infrastructure crisscross the scene, connecting various sections of the land. The image captures a blend of natural and human-influenced elements across the area.

1,001,839

Which of the following captions best describes this image?

nan

A person riding a motorcycle on a highway.

A person driving a car on a road.

A group of people riding bicycles on a trail.

A woman taking a walk in a park.

D

image_scene

https://media.istockphot…DjMUrdK17FWQw44=

coarse_perception

nan

dev

A woman in a brown jacket and jeans walks along a sunlit path covered in golden autumn leaves. Tall trees with vibrant yellow foliage line the pathway, casting dappled shadows on the ground. In the background, a red-brick building and distant figures are visible under a clear blue sky.

102

Which one is the correct caption of this image?

nan

A white toilet sitting inside of a bathroom.

A young child is sitting at a bar and eating.

Mother and young black & white cow eating in a field of grass.

A skier wearing a red jacket is jumping in the air.

B

image_topic

description

coarse_perception

nan

dev

A girl in a blue and gray striped sweater sits at a worn wooden diner counter, eating a sandwich with both hands while smiling. The counter holds a blue Pepsi cup, a container of food, and a partially eaten sandwich on a white napkin. Behind her, the diner features red walls, a mirrored archway, and a dark suitcase near framed displays.

2,000,724

Who is the person in this image?

nan

Bill Gates

Morgan Freeman

Kanye West

Elon Musk

D

celebrity_recognition

Google

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

An individual in a black tuxedo with a white bow tie and dress shirt stands against a softly blurred background of warm lights and indistinct figures. The formal attire includes a white pocket square and a crisp white shirt with visible buttons. The setting suggests a high-profile evening event with ambient lighting and other attendees in the distance. The person’s posture is upright, facing slightly to the side with a neutral expression.

1,000,597

What is the color of the large shiny sphere?

nan

cyan

red

green

purple

D

attribute_recognition

Clevr

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

CLEVR_val_000000.png

dev

A large brown matte cylinder sits to the left of a small green matte cylinder on a neutral gray surface. A large gray matte cube is centered in the scene, with a small metallic gray cube positioned to its right. A shiny purple sphere rests in the background, slightly to the right of the center. The objects are arranged on a plain gray backdrop with soft shadows beneath each form.

2,001,006

here is the woman?

nan

The woman is in the center

The woman is on the top left

The woman is on the bottom right

The woman is on the top right

C

physical_relation

COCO train2014

relation_reasoning

10.png

dev

A person stands on a sandy beach with one arm raised, flying a red kite soaring high in a clear blue sky. A dog lies near the edge of tall grasses lining the dunes in the background. The expansive beach stretches under scattered white clouds, with dense green vegetation marking the horizon.

295

Which property do these two objects have in common?

Select the better answer.

yellow

salty

nan

B

function_reasoning

scienceqa

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

Two side-by-side illustrations display a curling blue ocean wave with white foam and water droplets labeled "ocean water" on the left, and a blue bag spilling golden potato chips labeled "potato chips" on the right. The wave rises against a pale yellow background, while the chips overflow from the open bag onto a white surface. Bold text labels identify each image beneath the corresponding illustration.

2,001,805

Which of the following captions best describes this image?

nan

A person playing with a pet dog

A woman getting a pedicure at a salon

A person holding a bouquet of flowers

A group of people eating at a restaurant

C

image_scene

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

coarse_perception

nan

dev

A young man in a blue button-up shirt and dark pants holds a large bouquet of white and pink lilies with green stems. The bouquet, filled with multiple blooms and lush foliage, is held close to his chest against a plain white background. His posture is upright, and the vibrant flowers contrast sharply with the minimalist setting. The arrangement features a mix of open blossoms and buds, showcasing the natural texture of the petals and leaves.

1,001,485

How many apples are there in the image? And how many bananas are there?

nan

4 apples and 1 bananas

4 apples and 2 bananas

3 apples and 3 banana

2 apples and 4 bananas

B

object_localization

https://farm5.staticflic…85a1cb9f24_z.jpg

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

A wooden crate holds two yellow bananas with brown spots alongside four red apples with greenish-yellow patches. The bananas rest diagonally across the top left, while the apples are clustered below and to the right. The crate sits against a bright blue textured border framing the entire image. The fruit appears fresh, with natural color variations visible on both the bananas and apples.

2,000,456

After the Akkadian Empire ended, many cities and empires tried to control Mesopotamia. Around the 1790s BCE, which empire started controlling Mesopotamia?

Look at the table. Then answer the question below.

the Akkadian Empire

the Elamite Empire

the Babylonian Empire

the Neo-Sumerian Empire

C

structuralized_imagetext_understanding

scienceqa

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

A two-column table with yellow headers labeled "Date" and "Event" lists historical Mesopotamian events. Dates range from ca. 2300 BCE to ca. 1792 BCE, including the rise and fall of the Akkadian Empire and Neo-Sumerian Empire. The table notes the Neo-Sumerian Empire's conquest by the Elamites around 2004 BCE and the Babylonian Empire's rule starting ca. 1792 BCE. Each row pairs a circa date with a specific empire's rule or transition in Mesopotamia.

1,000,241

Identify the question that Madelyn and Tucker's experiment can best answer.

The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below. Madelyn applied a thin layer of wax to the underside of her snowboard and rode the board straight down a hill. Then, she removed the wax and rode the snowboard straight down the hill again. She repeated the rides four more times, alternating whether she rode with a thin layer of wax on the board or not. Her friend Tucker timed each ride. Madelyn and Tucker calculated the average time it took to slide straight down the hill on the snowboard with wax compared to the average time on the snowboard without wax. Figure: snowboarding down a hill.

Does Madelyn's snowboard slide down a hill in less time when it has a layer of wax or when it does not have a layer of wax?

Does Madelyn's snowboard slide down a hill in less time when it has a thin layer of wax or a thick layer of wax?

nan

A

identity_reasoning

scienceqa

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

A person in a red jacket, blue jeans, and an orange beanie snowboards down a groomed snowy slope. Snowbanks line the path, with snow-dusted evergreen trees visible in the background. The snowboarder leans forward, balancing on the sunlit, white terrain.

1,001,744

What does this picture want to express?

nan

We are expected to work hard.

We are expected to care for green plants.

We are expected to care for the earth.

We are expected to stay positive.

D

ocr

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ7-qKXCoA-bI1xOyi8AvJruHweugCsw6Vd5M1CfzTtbMWT_ft7wkK7AWjoS3c_gwJQV24&usqp=CAU

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

A green background features a white daisy with a yellow center displaying a simple black smiley face. The word "stay" appears in bold black text at the top, while "positive" is written in matching bold black text at the bottom. A thin black stem connects the daisy to the lower text, creating a cohesive design. The overall composition is bright and minimalist, emphasizing the cheerful floral graphic and motivational phrase.

3,001,516

the donut on which direction is bitten?

nan

down

left

right

up

D

object_localization

https://farm5.staticflic…40f2285919_z.jpg

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

Two donuts rest on a crumpled white paper, one partially eaten with a visible bite mark exposing a soft, airy interior. The top donut is topped with chopped nuts and a drizzle of peanut butter, while the bottom donut features a crumbly, golden-brown coating. Both pastries display textured toppings against a dark background, with the paper showing faint grease stains.

1,948

In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?

nan

Predatory relationships

Competitive relationships

Parasitic relationships

Symbiotic relationship

A

nature_relation

https://th.bing.com/th/id/R.beec90b076cfed9f6f940982a8b6a4fc?rik=hfLrY6x6ZxKhBQ&riu=http%3a%2f%2fimage.yjcf360.com%2fu%2fcms%2fwww%2f202202%2f161018327qf8.jpg&ehk=0IOzydnQ7XfrEiAXjMVwOlIBv%2be2hxunZaJWfuVyI1k%3d&risl=&pid=ImgRaw&r=0

relation_reasoning

nan

dev

A cartoon fox in a yellow shirt and red cap holds a knife in one paw and a golden money bag in the other, standing with a confident posture. To the right, a plump yellow chicken with a red comb and glasses appears startled, its wings slightly raised. Both characters are set against a plain white background with subtle shadows beneath them. The fox’s tail is bushy and orange, while the chicken’s feet are small and brown. The scene conveys a tense interaction between the two anthropomorphic animals.

544

Identify the emotion expressed in this image.

nan

happiness

sadness

anger

love

A

image_emotion

Internet

coarse_perception

nan

dev

Two bright yellow smiley face balloons float against a vibrant sky blending pink and blue hues. The balloons feature classic black curved smiles and circular eyes, with one balloon partially overlapping the other. Wispy clouds scatter across the colorful sky, enhancing the cheerful atmosphere. The scene captures a playful and uplifting moment with the balloons rising prominently in the foreground.

3,001,935

What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?

nan

A man is fishing on a riverbank, casting his line and waiting patiently for a bite while enjoying the tranquility of nature.

A group of hikers are trekking through a wilderness trail, hiking over rugged terrain and encountering breathtaking vistas along the way.

A man is doing calisthenics in his home gym, using his bodyweight to build strength and endurance through push-ups, squats, and other exercises.

The man dressed in black was surrounded in the middle by ten men dressed in white who practiced taekwondo.

D

action_recognition

https://www.zhihu.com/question/36417524

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

A group of martial artists in white uniforms with black belts practice techniques in a dimly lit dojo, their long shadows stretching across the tiled floor. A central figure in a black uniform observes as pairs engage in synchronized movements, while others stand in formation. Two flags with circular emblems hang on the dark backdrop, framing the training area. The scene is illuminated by focused lighting, highlighting the practitioners against the surrounding darkness.

1,357

Which mood does this image convey?

nan

Sad

Anxious

Happy

Angry

A

image_emotion

https://cdn.pixabay.com/…5088274_1280.jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev

Two block-headed figurines with downturned mouths and drooping eyes stand behind white vertical bars, the larger one wearing a red outfit with yellow stripes and the smaller in blue. The scene is viewed through a glass surface, with a blurred red car and gray vehicle visible in the background. The figurines' simple, sad expressions and stiff postures emphasize their confined positioning within the display.

1,811

Which of the following captions best describes this image?

nan

A person taking a photo with a camera

A group of people watching a movie in a theater

A person reading a book in a library

A woman applying makeup in front of a mirror

C

image_scene

https://previews.123rf.c…in-a-library.jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev

An older man in a light blue shirt sits at a wooden desk, writing in a notebook with a pen. A stack of hardcover books rests to his left, while an open book lies in front of him. Behind him, tall bookshelves filled with colorful books line the library walls. He wears a wristwatch and appears focused on his work amid the quiet study environment.

3,000,539

What feeling is shown in this image?

nan

distressed

angry

love

engaged

D

image_emotion

Internet

coarse_perception

nan

dev

Four green-styled figures interact across two rocky cliffs under a pale green sky. Three figures on the left cliff form a human chain, extending their arms toward a fourth figure climbing the right cliff. The climber reaches upward while the chain's end figure leans forward to grasp their hand. The scene depicts coordinated effort and connection between the two groups.

1,988

In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?

nan

Predatory relationships

Competitive relationships

Parasitic relationships

Symbiotic relationship

A

nature_relation

https://img.zcool.cn/com…it_1/sharpen,100

relation_reasoning

nan

dev

A grinning orange fox with white fur on its belly leaps mid-air, brandishing a knife in one paw and a fork in the other. A thought bubble above its head shows a plump yellow chicken with a red comb and green tail feathers. The background features a light blue sky with fluffy white clouds, rolling green hills, and a cluster of dark green pine trees below.

1,001,451

who is this person?

nan

Deepika Padukone

Hailee Steinfeld

Sridevi

Sandra Oh

D

celebrity_recognition

https://www.entoin.com/images/shah14.jpg

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

A woman with long dark hair wearing a bright blue shirt stands against a gradient background transitioning from warm orange to soft gray. Her hair flows dynamically to the left, suggesting movement or a breeze. She gazes upward with a neutral expression, wearing small hoop earrings and a delicate necklace. The lighting highlights the texture of her shirt and the smooth gradient of the backdrop.

1,057

What kind of weather is depicted in the picture?

nan

sunny

rainy

windy

snowy

B

image_scene

https://st2.depositphoto…old-european.jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev

A dimly lit cobblestone street glistens with rain under the glow of vintage street lamps lining weathered stone buildings. Tram tracks run down the center of the empty road, reflecting the warm light against the dark, wet pavement. The narrow alleyway stretches into the distance, flanked by aged facades with closed windows and faintly illuminated doorways. Distant lights and a faint glow from a building at the end of the street add depth to the quiet, atmospheric night scene.

2,000,796

Which image is the brightest one?

nan

down left

down right

upper left

upper right

D

image_quality

koniq10k

coarse_perception

6609931137_7923574034_6111148526_11407862453_0

dev

A green frog rests on a brown, textured surface in the top-left quadrant. The top-right shows a bird perched on a tree trunk with green foliage in the background. In the bottom-left, two people interact with beige chairs in a room with a fireplace and curtains. The bottom-right features blue ocean waves with white foam crashing under a clear sky.

1,000,488

Which term matches the picture?

Read the text. If something has bilateral symmetry, you can draw a line from top to bottom and both sides of the line will match. For example, if you drew a line down the center of someone's face, both sides would have one eye, half a nose, and half a mouth. If you drew a line in the middle from left to right, however, the two sides would not match. Radial symmetry describes something that is symmetrical, or matching, all the way around. A daisy, and many other flowers, have radial symmetry. You could cut a daisy in half from top to bottom in many directions‚Äîdown the middle or left to right‚Äîand the halves would match.

radial symmetry

bilateral symmetry

nan

A

spatial_relationship

scienceqa

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

A single, intricately detailed snowflake with six symmetrical arms extends from a central hexagonal core. Each arm features delicate, branching patterns and fine, feathery structures. The snowflake's crisp, white crystalline form contrasts sharply against a solid black background. The image highlights the snowflake's complex geometry and minute textural details.

3,001,897

What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?

nan

A man carrying a mask and a satchel walks the street in dismay

A woman is practicing her singing in a music studio, belting out notes and refining her technique with the guidance of a coach.

A group of volunteers are planting trees in a community garden, digging holes and carefully placing saplings into the ground for future growth.

A group of people are practicing tai chi in a park, moving in slow, deliberate motions and focusing on their breath.

A

action_recognition

https://www.zhihu.com/question/36417524

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

A man in a dark suit walks away from the camera on a city sidewalk, carrying a large blue duffel bag over his shoulder. He holds a pale mask resembling a human face in his right hand.

1,001,432

who is this person?

nan

Harry Styles

Idris Elba

Benedict Cumberbatch

Ed Sheeran

A

celebrity_recognition

https://i2-prod.mirror.c…man-Arrivals.jpg

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

A person with dark, wavy hair and a light beard smiles warmly at the camera, wearing a sleek black outfit. The background features a bright blue backdrop with partially visible white text. The individual stands centered, exuding a polished and confident presence at what appears to be a formal event.

805

Which image shows the highest contrast?

nan

upper left

upper right

down left

down right

B

image_quality

koniq10k

coarse_perception

8844729886_5528731780_2344211137_9346378862_1

dev

A group of people in the ocean paddle near a small vessel, creating splashes in the blue water. Red plastic cups, glass bottles, and bottle caps are arranged on a table in a casual setup. A colorful mural featuring a skeletal figure is visible behind a chain-link fence. A person in a blue shirt performs a pull-up on a metal bar structure outdoors.

2,000,880

What is the relationship between the people in the image?

nan

commercial

family

couple

friends

B

social_relation

PISC

relation_reasoning

06798.jpg

dev

A man in a blue striped shirt and white cap gestures with his hands while standing behind a seated man on a boat. The seated man wears a gray shirt and faces left, with a white life preserver marked "ANDER" positioned near the boat’s wooden railing.

2,000,889

Which option describe the object relationship in the image correctly?

nan

The wine bottle is in front of the cat.

The cat is drinking beer.

The cat is under the backpack.

The car is behind the suitcase.

A

spatial_relationship

vsr-train2017

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

000000199940.jpg

dev

A black cat stands beside a green "NOTRO" wine bottle featuring a red flower label on a kitchen counter. The cat’s tail is raised, and it stares directly at the camera with bright yellow eyes. In the background, various bottles and a person’s legs in jeans are visible near a doorway. A glass bowl sits partially in view on the right side of the counter. The scene is lit by natural light streaming through a window behind the cat.

1,001,703

What's the function of the demonstrated object?

nan

Measure the level

excavate

transport

weld

D

function_reasoning

https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=D%2f%2fgjCsj&id=EA76A0A9FCD9C032DEAED9569AB957F3A079CCE5&thid=OIP.D__gjCsjAvJ5CLYJskpUBwHaHa&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fth.bing.com%2fth%2fid%2fR.0fffe08c2b2302f27908b609b24a5407%3frik%3d5cx5oPNXuZpW2Q%26riu%3dhttp%253a%252f%252fwww.hdwjc.com%252fup%252f2019-12-09%252f20170512-1494570709409920.gif%26ehk%3diNBFGit1NzeyJ5C3mrCt5clQJ%252fzNV9bTjkxMwh%252fJQUg%253d%26risl%3d%26pid%3dImgRaw%26r%3d0&exph=750&expw=750&q=%e7%94%b5%e7%84%8a%e6%9c%ba&simid=608052148529405595&FORM=IRPRST&ck=5BC3A32C1E87618CD506A0891F7E5FA2&selectedIndex=0&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

A red industrial machine with two black top handles features a digital current meter display, control knobs, and the model label "ZX7-400G" on its front panel. The machine has ventilation grilles on its side, metallic screws securing the casing, and Chinese characters printed vertically on the left side. The front panel includes labeled components such as "IGBT" and multiple adjustment knobs, with two metallic output terminals at the bottom.

1,001,957

In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?

nan

Symbiotic relationship

Predatory relationships

Competitive relationships

Parasitic relationships

A

nature_relation

https://th.bing.com/th/id/R.950c9cc3c5239d21ef202dd9fe0f0135?rik=lEscyqvbmoLWuQ&riu=http%3a%2f%2fpic26.photophoto.cn%2f20130311%2f0005018483962857_b.jpg&ehk=nGNDgVdttMd2mTMXI1%2fZhJmz%2fHv4mz1f%2bVGU4nBh3zQ%3d&risl=&pid=ImgRaw&r=0

relation_reasoning

nan

dev

A blue butterfly with yellow wing markings hovers near a pink flower with a green stem and leaf. The flower has five rounded petals and a blue center with green stamens. The butterfly’s wings are spread as it approaches the flower against a plain white background.

3,001,680

Which Python code can generate the content of the image?

nan

def get_vowels(string): return [vowel for vowel in string if vowel in 'weiou'] print("Vowels are:", get_vowels('This is some random string'))

def get_vowels(string): return [vowel for vowel in string if vowel in 'aeiou'] print("Vowels are:", get_vowels('This is a string'))

def get_vowels(string): return [vowel for vowel in string if vowel in 'aeiou'] print("Vowels are:", get_vowels('string'))

def get_vowels(string): return [vowel for vowel in string if vowel in 'aeiou'] print("Vowels are:", get_vowels('This is some random string'))

D

structuralized_imagetext_understanding

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/374461054

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

A light gray rectangular box contains black text stating "Vowels are: ['i', 'i', 'o', 'e', 'a', 'o', 'i']". The text displays a list of single-quoted vowel characters separated by commas inside square brackets. The background is plain white with no additional elements or decorations. The font is monospaced and clearly legible. The layout is minimalistic, focusing solely on the textual content.

1,608

Which category does this image belong to?

nan

MRI image

icon

microscopic image

abstract painting

A

image_style

https://www.kenhub.com/t…ary/13517/ff.jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev

A grayscale axial MRI scan displays a human brain with distinct cerebral hemispheres, visible sulci, and ventricles. The outer skull forms a thin bright border around the brain tissue against a black background. Varying shades of gray highlight different tissue densities and fluid-filled spaces within the brain. The image centers on the brain's symmetrical structure, showing detailed anatomical features. Darker regions indicate cerebrospinal fluid or less dense tissue areas.

345

What is the name of the colony shown?

nan

Virginia

Michigan

Kentucky

Maryland

A

object_localization

scienceqa

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

A map of the eastern United States displays states in light green, with one state in the mid-Atlantic region highlighted in dark green. The surrounding Atlantic Ocean and Great Lakes are shown in blue, while adjacent states remain unshaded. The highlighted state is bordered by multiple light green states and a small section of coastline. The map uses a minimalist color scheme to emphasize the distinct region.

1,001,760

The area of which figure can be calculated using the formula in this picture?

nan

Circle.

Square.

Rectangle.

Triangle.

B

ocr

https://media.geeksforge…-05-05-copy.webp

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

The image displays a light blue "S²" symbol centered on a plain white background. The "S" is a large, bold serif character, and the "2" appears as a smaller superscript numeral. The design is minimalistic with no additional elements or text present.

1,000,386

Based on the text, why are blue dragons dangerous?

Read the text about the blue dragon. Do dragons exist? Believe it or not, the oceans contain a lizard-like creature called the blue glaucus or blue dragon. However, these "dragons" are not the fire-breathing beasts of fantasy. In fact, they are only about an inch long. Blue dragons are a type of sea slug. Although these slugs are cuter than legendary dragons, you shouldn't let their squishy bodies fool you. These tiny creatures can be dangerous! Blue dragons eat poisonous sea creatures, such as Portuguese man-of-wars. The blue dragons store their prey's venom in their many "fingers." They can then use that stored poison to defend themselves. So, never touch a blue dragon‚Äîunless you want to get a painful and possibly serious sting. Blue dragons have another way to stay safe from predators. They float on their backs so their bright blue bellies point upward. The blue blends in with the water, making it hard for predators flying overhead to see them. And predators swimming below will have trouble spotting the dragons' gray backs. The light color blends with the sunlight shining down through the water. This two-color effect is called countershading, and it's a good way to avoid getting eaten! You might see blue dragons washed up on some beaches, but they usually drift on warm surfaces of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. An air bubble in their stomach allows them to float for long periods of time. It is difficult for scientists to find these tiny creatures in the vast oceans. So, there is still much we don't know about them. What we do know, though, is that these beautiful dragons are full of surprising traits.

Their sting is painful and can harm humans.

Their strong fingers squeeze prey.

They have razor-sharp teeth and sharp fingers.

They use weapons to catch food.

A

physical_property_reasoning

scienceqa

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

A vibrant blue and silver sea slug with elongated, wing-like appendages glides through shallow water. Its body features striking blue cerata tipped with white, fanning out symmetrically. Delicate green seaweed strands float around the creature, set against a sandy ocean floor. The slug’s smooth, streamlined form contrasts with the textured background.

1,000,544

Identify the emotion expressed in this image.

nan

love

happiness

sadness

anger

B

image_emotion

Internet

coarse_perception

nan

dev

Two yellow smiley-face balloons with black eyes and red noses float against a vibrant sky. The sky transitions from soft pink to blue with scattered wispy white clouds. The balloons' glossy surfaces catch the light, emphasizing their cheerful expressions.