manu/mldr-zoomed-100char-total-queries-documents

chunk_id stringlengths 3 9	chunk stringlengths 1 100
133_202	Sugden, Philip. Amy's Last Flight: The Fate of Amy Johnson in 1941. Beverley, East Yorkshire:
133_203	Highgate Press, 2015.
133_204	Turner, Mary. The Women's Century: A Celebration of Changing Roles 1900–2000. Kew, Richmond,
133_205	Surrey, UK: The National Archives, 2003. .
133_206	External links
133_207	Biography of Amy Johnson by Science Museum, London BBC Humber article on Johnson
133_208	BBC page on Amy Johnson's death The RAF Museum, Hendon, includes another Johnson display
133_209	RAF History page on Amy Johnson CWGC record Amy Johnson: Pioneer Aviator, Article by LaRue Scott
133_210	Science Museum article on women in engineering including Amy Johnson
133_211	de Havilland Gipsy Moth G-AAAH "Jason" in display at the Science Museum in London
133_212	Comet Racer G-ACSP Restoration
133_213	British Library – 'The Story of My Flight' Amy Johnson describes her flight to Australia in a
133_214	National Sound Archive recording.
133_215	One minute silent film; close-ups of Amy Johnson speaking. Pathe News, Cape Town, 1932
133_216	Listen to songs inspired by, and recordings of, famous aviators including Charles Kingsford Smith,
133_217	Amy Johnson and Bert Hinkler talking about their journeys on the National Film and Sound Archive of
133_218	Australia's website: "Our Heroes of the Air"
133_219	1903 births 1940s missing person cases 1941 deaths 20th-century women engineers
133_220	Accidental deaths in England Air Transport Auxiliary pilots Alumni of the University of Sheffield
133_221	Aviators killed in aviation accidents or incidents in England Aviation pioneers
133_222	British aviation record holders British women aviators British women aviation record holders
133_223	British women engineers British women in World War II Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
133_224	Croydon Airport English aviators Glider pilots Harmon Trophy winners People from Kingston upon Hull
133_225	People lost at sea Presidents of the Women's Engineering Society Segrave Trophy recipients
133_226	Women's Engineering Society Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 1941
133_227	British civilians killed in World War II
134_0	Trim () is a town in County Meath, Ireland. It is situated on the River Boyne and has a population
134_1	of 9,194. The town is noted for Trim Castle – the largest Norman castle in Ireland. One of the two
134_2	cathedrals of the United Dioceses of Meath and Kildare — St Patrick's cathedral — is located north
134_3	of the river. Trim won the Irish Tidy Towns Competition in 1972, 1984, and 2014 and was the "joint"
134_4	winner with Ballyconnell in 1974. Traditionally Trim was the county town of Meath, but this title
134_5	was passed on over time onto larger, neighbouring town Navan.
134_6	History
134_7	Early history
134_8	At an early date, a monastery was founded at Trim, which lay within the petty kingdom (tuath) of
134_9	the Cenél Lóegairi. It is traditionally thought to have been founded by St. Patrick and left in the
134_10	care of its patron saint Lommán, also locally known as Loman, who flourished sometime between the
134_11	5th and early 6th centuries. When domestic politics endangered the position of Lommán's foundation,
134_12	the church of Armagh assimilated Lommán into the dossier of St. Patrick, making him a disciple of
134_13	that saint. Attackers burned the church several times in the twelfth century. The town was first
134_14	captured by the English during the Norman invasion of Ireland and a castle was built. However, the
134_15	town was recaptured and the castle burned by a massive Irish army under the command of Ruadhrí Ua
134_16	Conchobair, King of Ireland. Later, it was refounded as an St. Mary's Abbey under Augustinian rule.
134_17	The abbey church was the sanctuary for "Our Lady of Trim", a wooden statue reported to work
134_18	miracles. The statue made Trim a major pilgrimage site from at least 1397. During the Reformation
134_19	the statue was burned and Henry VIII dissolved the abbey. The abbey's bell tower, the "Yellow
134_20	Steeple", is the primary remnant of St. Mary's.
134_21	With the spelling "Áth Truim", the bishopric is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular
134_22	see. Since it is not mentioned in either of the lists of the reduced number of sees approved by the
134_23	Synod of Ráth Breasail (1111) and the Synod of Kells (1152), it was one of the monastic
134_24	establishments that were no longer recognized as seats of bishops after the 12th-century
134_25	reorganization of the Church in Ireland. Its territory was joined to that of Meath Diocese.
134_26	Norman period
134_27	Lying 61 m above sea level on the River Boyne, Trim became one of the most important Hiberno-Norman
134_28	settlements in the Middle Ages. In the 15th century the Norman-Irish parliament met in Trim. Arthur
134_29	Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington is reputed to have been born in Dangan Castle between Trim and
134_30	Summerhill, and a large column to him was erected in the town in 1817. The town's main feature is
134_31	Ireland's largest Norman castle, Trim Castle; other features include two ruined church complexes,
134_32	the Boyne River for fishing, and the Butterstream Gardens, visited by Charles, Prince of Wales in
134_33	the mid-nineties (no longer open to the public).
134_34	Trim Castle (or King John's Castle) is Ireland's largest Norman castle. It was built in the late
134_35	12th century following the Norman invasion of Ireland. Trim and the surrounding lands were granted
134_36	to Hugh de Lacy, Lord of Meath, a Norman baron. Richard II of England stayed there before being
134_37	ousted from power. Once a candidate to be the country's capital, the town has also occupied a role
134_38	as one of the outposts of the Pale, and sessions of the Irish Parliament were sometimes held here,
134_39	as in 1542. It was also designated by Elizabeth I of England as the planned location for a
134_40	Protestant Dublin University (known as Trinity College, Dublin). However this was revised by Sir
134_41	Francis Drake, who advocated the case for locating the University in Dublin.
134_42	Later history
134_43	In 1649 after the sacking of Drogheda, the garrison of Trim fled to join other Irish forces and the
134_44	town was occupied by the army of Oliver Cromwell. There were many local disturbances in
134_45	neighbouring villages in the Irish Rebellion of 1798, most infamously the battle on the Hill of
134_46	Tara, following the dispersal of the Wexford rebellion. Trim was represented by Arthur Wellesley in
134_47	the Irish Parliament from 1790 to 1797.
134_48	The 19th century saw the construction of Trim Courthouse, St. Loman's Catholic church, St.
134_49	Patrick's Anglican church, the Wellington column, the current Bank of Ireland building, and Castle
134_50	Street by Lord Dunsany, a major landowner. Following the Great Irish Famine of 1846–1849, the
134_51	practices of agriculture in the hinterland altered, with a change in emphasis from tillage to stock
134_52	raising. This resulted in a change in the business life of Trim. Trim developed as a market town
134_53	for the productive agricultural hinterland. Some small-scale local industries were developed
134_54	including envelope, and leather product manufacturing. Trim was also chosen as a location for the
134_55	Timoney Engineering company to make Fire Tenders. However, in the main, the town continued to
134_56	mainly be a service centre for its immediate area.
134_57	20th century and contemporary
134_58	During the Irish War of Independence, local companies of the Irish Republican Army took Trim RIC
134_59	Barracks, a large structure located on the current site of the Castle Arch Hotel, secured the arms
134_60	from the barracks and then burnt down the Barracks. A large part of the town was burned as a
134_61	reprisal by the British Crown forces on 26 September 1920. The local members were drawn from Trim,
134_62	Longwood, Ballivor and South Meath in general. The Lalor brothers from Castle St. were prominent
134_63	members as well as the Duignans from High St and the Proctors. Records of the adventures of the
134_64	Lalors rest in Navan library and recount the tales of one of the brothers hiding in the recently
134_65	dug grave of Fr. Woods in the churchyard. Local memories recall the townspeople sheltering down by
134_66	the Boyne for a few nights as the Black 'n' Tans and Auxiliaries burnt out prominent businesses and
134_67	the town hall. Footage of the burning of J&E Smyth can be viewed on the 'Pathe' website. Many of
134_68	the townspeople were traumatised for the rest of their lives; many children in Trim were not
134_69	allowed to play with guns; memories of the B'n'Ts dangling grenades outside their windows as the
134_70	Town Hall burnt and peeled the paint off their doors at Castle St. remained for a long time. The
134_71	newspapers reported the burning of the barracks and the subsequent looting and burning of the town
134_72	and follow-up operations by the local IRA.
134_73	In later years, the Lalors who moved to the house across the road from the old Brothers school had

133_202

Sugden, Philip. Amy's Last Flight: The Fate of Amy Johnson in 1941. Beverley, East Yorkshire:

133_203

Highgate Press, 2015.

133_204

Turner, Mary. The Women's Century: A Celebration of Changing Roles 1900–2000. Kew, Richmond,

133_205

Surrey, UK: The National Archives, 2003. .

133_206

External links

133_207

Biography of Amy Johnson by Science Museum, London BBC Humber article on Johnson

133_208

BBC page on Amy Johnson's death The RAF Museum, Hendon, includes another Johnson display

133_209

RAF History page on Amy Johnson CWGC record Amy Johnson: Pioneer Aviator, Article by LaRue Scott

133_210

Science Museum article on women in engineering including Amy Johnson

133_211

de Havilland Gipsy Moth G-AAAH "Jason" in display at the Science Museum in London

133_212

Comet Racer G-ACSP Restoration

133_213

British Library – 'The Story of My Flight' Amy Johnson describes her flight to Australia in a

133_214

National Sound Archive recording.

133_215

One minute silent film; close-ups of Amy Johnson speaking. Pathe News, Cape Town, 1932

133_216

Listen to songs inspired by, and recordings of, famous aviators including Charles Kingsford Smith,

133_217

Amy Johnson and Bert Hinkler talking about their journeys on the National Film and Sound Archive of

133_218

Australia's website: "Our Heroes of the Air"

133_219

1903 births 1940s missing person cases 1941 deaths 20th-century women engineers

133_220

Accidental deaths in England Air Transport Auxiliary pilots Alumni of the University of Sheffield

133_221

Aviators killed in aviation accidents or incidents in England Aviation pioneers

133_222

British aviation record holders British women aviators British women aviation record holders

133_223

British women engineers British women in World War II Commanders of the Order of the British Empire

133_224

Croydon Airport English aviators Glider pilots Harmon Trophy winners People from Kingston upon Hull

133_225

People lost at sea Presidents of the Women's Engineering Society Segrave Trophy recipients

133_226

Women's Engineering Society Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 1941

133_227

British civilians killed in World War II

134_0

Trim () is a town in County Meath, Ireland. It is situated on the River Boyne and has a population

134_1

of 9,194. The town is noted for Trim Castle – the largest Norman castle in Ireland. One of the two

134_2

cathedrals of the United Dioceses of Meath and Kildare — St Patrick's cathedral — is located north

134_3

of the river. Trim won the Irish Tidy Towns Competition in 1972, 1984, and 2014 and was the "joint"

134_4

winner with Ballyconnell in 1974. Traditionally Trim was the county town of Meath, but this title

134_5

was passed on over time onto larger, neighbouring town Navan.

134_6

History

134_7

Early history

134_8

At an early date, a monastery was founded at Trim, which lay within the petty kingdom (tuath) of

134_9

the Cenél Lóegairi. It is traditionally thought to have been founded by St. Patrick and left in the

134_10

care of its patron saint Lommán, also locally known as Loman, who flourished sometime between the

134_11

5th and early 6th centuries. When domestic politics endangered the position of Lommán's foundation,

134_12

the church of Armagh assimilated Lommán into the dossier of St. Patrick, making him a disciple of

134_13

that saint. Attackers burned the church several times in the twelfth century. The town was first

134_14

captured by the English during the Norman invasion of Ireland and a castle was built. However, the

134_15

town was recaptured and the castle burned by a massive Irish army under the command of Ruadhrí Ua

134_16

Conchobair, King of Ireland. Later, it was refounded as an St. Mary's Abbey under Augustinian rule.

134_17

The abbey church was the sanctuary for "Our Lady of Trim", a wooden statue reported to work

134_18

miracles. The statue made Trim a major pilgrimage site from at least 1397. During the Reformation

134_19

the statue was burned and Henry VIII dissolved the abbey. The abbey's bell tower, the "Yellow

134_20

Steeple", is the primary remnant of St. Mary's.

134_21

With the spelling "Áth Truim", the bishopric is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular

134_22

see. Since it is not mentioned in either of the lists of the reduced number of sees approved by the

134_23

Synod of Ráth Breasail (1111) and the Synod of Kells (1152), it was one of the monastic

134_24

establishments that were no longer recognized as seats of bishops after the 12th-century

134_25

reorganization of the Church in Ireland. Its territory was joined to that of Meath Diocese.

134_26

Norman period

134_27

Lying 61 m above sea level on the River Boyne, Trim became one of the most important Hiberno-Norman

134_28

settlements in the Middle Ages. In the 15th century the Norman-Irish parliament met in Trim. Arthur

134_29

Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington is reputed to have been born in Dangan Castle between Trim and

134_30

Summerhill, and a large column to him was erected in the town in 1817. The town's main feature is

134_31

Ireland's largest Norman castle, Trim Castle; other features include two ruined church complexes,

134_32

the Boyne River for fishing, and the Butterstream Gardens, visited by Charles, Prince of Wales in

134_33

the mid-nineties (no longer open to the public).

134_34

Trim Castle (or King John's Castle) is Ireland's largest Norman castle. It was built in the late

134_35

12th century following the Norman invasion of Ireland. Trim and the surrounding lands were granted

134_36

to Hugh de Lacy, Lord of Meath, a Norman baron. Richard II of England stayed there before being

134_37

ousted from power. Once a candidate to be the country's capital, the town has also occupied a role

134_38

as one of the outposts of the Pale, and sessions of the Irish Parliament were sometimes held here,

134_39

as in 1542. It was also designated by Elizabeth I of England as the planned location for a

134_40

Protestant Dublin University (known as Trinity College, Dublin). However this was revised by Sir

134_41

Francis Drake, who advocated the case for locating the University in Dublin.

134_42

Later history

134_43

In 1649 after the sacking of Drogheda, the garrison of Trim fled to join other Irish forces and the

134_44

town was occupied by the army of Oliver Cromwell. There were many local disturbances in

134_45

neighbouring villages in the Irish Rebellion of 1798, most infamously the battle on the Hill of

134_46

Tara, following the dispersal of the Wexford rebellion. Trim was represented by Arthur Wellesley in

134_47

the Irish Parliament from 1790 to 1797.

134_48

The 19th century saw the construction of Trim Courthouse, St. Loman's Catholic church, St.

134_49

Patrick's Anglican church, the Wellington column, the current Bank of Ireland building, and Castle

134_50

Street by Lord Dunsany, a major landowner. Following the Great Irish Famine of 1846–1849, the

134_51

practices of agriculture in the hinterland altered, with a change in emphasis from tillage to stock

134_52

raising. This resulted in a change in the business life of Trim. Trim developed as a market town

134_53

for the productive agricultural hinterland. Some small-scale local industries were developed

134_54

including envelope, and leather product manufacturing. Trim was also chosen as a location for the

134_55

Timoney Engineering company to make Fire Tenders. However, in the main, the town continued to

134_56

mainly be a service centre for its immediate area.

134_57

20th century and contemporary

134_58

During the Irish War of Independence, local companies of the Irish Republican Army took Trim RIC

134_59

Barracks, a large structure located on the current site of the Castle Arch Hotel, secured the arms

134_60

from the barracks and then burnt down the Barracks. A large part of the town was burned as a

134_61

reprisal by the British Crown forces on 26 September 1920. The local members were drawn from Trim,

134_62

Longwood, Ballivor and South Meath in general. The Lalor brothers from Castle St. were prominent

134_63

members as well as the Duignans from High St and the Proctors. Records of the adventures of the

134_64

Lalors rest in Navan library and recount the tales of one of the brothers hiding in the recently

134_65

dug grave of Fr. Woods in the churchyard. Local memories recall the townspeople sheltering down by

134_66

the Boyne for a few nights as the Black 'n' Tans and Auxiliaries burnt out prominent businesses and

134_67

the town hall. Footage of the burning of J&E Smyth can be viewed on the 'Pathe' website. Many of

134_68

the townspeople were traumatised for the rest of their lives; many children in Trim were not

134_69

allowed to play with guns; memories of the B'n'Ts dangling grenades outside their windows as the

134_70

Town Hall burnt and peeled the paint off their doors at Castle St. remained for a long time. The

134_71

newspapers reported the burning of the barracks and the subsequent looting and burning of the town

134_72

and follow-up operations by the local IRA.

134_73

In later years, the Lalors who moved to the house across the road from the old Brothers school had