instruction
stringlengths 104
6.76k
| output
stringclasses 4
values |
|---|---|
<extra_id_5>Mary was spending a few days over her grandma and grandpa's house. Mary and her grandpa went to the park on Thursday morning. She had so much fun with him, and they were smiling the whole time! He pushed her on the swings, then helped her go down the slide. After they left the park, they went back to her grandpa's house. Mary asked her grandpa to make her lunch because she was starving! He told her that he could make her a few things. She could choose between chicken and pasta, beef and rice, or pizza and salad. Mary asked him to make her chicken and pasta. They ate lunch together at the kitchen table. The next day, Mary and her grandma went to see a movie at the movie theater. There was a new cartoon movie about cats and dogs that she couldn't wait to see! They ate popcorn and candy, and Mary had some juice. On Saturday, Mary's grandparents brought her back home to her mom and dad. They were so excited to see her! Mary spent Sunday with her mom, dad, grandma, and grandpa. They had a big picnic, and it was a great end to the week. Where did Mary go on Thursday?
<extra_id_0>To the movie theater.
<extra_id_1>To the park.
<extra_id_2>To her mom and dad's house.
<extra_id_3>To a restaurant.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>Women in Nazi Germany were to have a very special job. Hitler was very clear about this. This job was that they should be good mothers bringing up children at home while their husbands worked. Except for some special fields, Hitler saw no reason why a woman should work. Within months of Hitler coming to power, many female doctors, teachers and lawyers were . By the start of the Second World War, very few German women were in fulltime work. From their earliest years, girls were taught that all good German women married at a young age to a proper German and that the wife's job was to keep a good home for her working husband and to have children. One of the earliest laws passed by Hitler once he came to power in 1933, was the Law for the Encouragement of Marriage. This law stated that all newly married couples would get a government loan of 1000 marks. This loan was not to be simply paid back. The birth of one child meant that 25% of the loan did not have to be paid back. Two children meant that 50% of the loan didn't need to be paid back. Four children meant that the entire loan was cleared. What was more, as housewives and mothers, their lives were controlled. Women were not expected to wear make-up or trousers. Only flat shoes were expected to be worn. Women were discouraged from slimming as this was considered bad for child birth. According to the passage, women in Nazi Germany _ .
<extra_id_0>could make up or wear beautiful clothes
<extra_id_1>were to have children and do housework
<extra_id_2>could receive a good education at school
<extra_id_3>were offered the equal rights as men
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>One summer morning a tiger is walking near a lake. He wants to eat something. He is very hungry. In the lake, a duck is swimming ."That is my breakfast," thinks the tiger. "Good morning, Mr. Duck!" says the tiger. "Go away, you bad tiger!" says the duck. "I want to tell you something about your friend, Miss Chicken. If you don't come, I'll go. Good bye. Mr. Duck." "Wait a minute," says the duck. "Tell me!" The tiger looks around ,"I don't want other animals to know it. Come up to me," says the tiger. Then Mr. Duck swims to the tiger. As soon as(............) he gets to the bank ,the tiger gets it and eats it up. He laughs best that laughs last.. What's the best title of the story?
<extra_id_0>The Duck
<extra_id_1>The Tiger
<extra_id_2>The Tiger's Breakfast
<extra_id_3>Miss Chicken
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>If a snake bites you, take a photo with your mobile phone! It may save your life. This is the surprising advice of a British cook. One day Henry Jackson was working in a restaurant kitchen. He picked up a dish from the table, and suddenly a snake appeared... and bit him on the hand. A few days earlier, the snake came to the restaurant from Asia in a box of bananas. It climbed out of the box and hid under the dish. "I went to try to pick it up and it bit me again. I threw it across the kitchen, and it landed in the fridge. So I closed the door," Mr. Jackson said. Anyway, Mr. Jackson stayed cool and he took a photo of the snake with his mobile phone. Soon his hand began to ache and he went to hospital. Then his chest began to hurt. Doctors couldn't say what was wrong because they didn't know what kind of snake it was. Then Mr. Jackson remembered his mobile phone photo. The doctors sent it to London Zoo. When they knew the kind of snake, they could give Mr. Jackson the right medicine, and he left hospital the next day. "So my advice is this: if a snake bites you, pick up your phone. Take its photo first and then show the photo to the doctors," suggests Mr. Jackson. "Oh, and if the snake doesn't smile for its photo, don't worry." The underline word "cool" means _ in the passage.
<extra_id_0>calm
<extra_id_1>confident
<extra_id_2>unfriendly
<extra_id_3>cold
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>According to the dictionary definition of "create ",ordinary people are creative every day. To create means " to bring into being, to cause to exist"-something each of us does daily. We are creative whenever we look at or think about something in a new way. First, this includes an awareness of our surroundings. It means using all of our senses to become aware of our world. This may be as simple as being aware of color and texture ,as well as taste, when we plan a meal. Above all, it is the ability to notice things that others might miss. A second part of creativity is an ability to see relationships among things. If we believe the expression,"There is nothing new under the sun," the creativity is remaking or recombining the old in new ways. For example, we might do this by finding a more effective way to study or a better way to arrange our furniture, or we might make a new combination of camera lenses and filters to create an unusual photograph. A third part of creativity is the courage and drive to make use of our new ideas, to ask for them to achieve some new results. To think up a new idea is one thing; to put the idea to work is another. These three parts of creativity are included in all the great works of geniuses, but they are also included in many of our day-to-day activities. There is nothing new under the sun really implies that _ .
<extra_id_0>a new thing can only be created at the basis of earliest things
<extra_id_1>a new thing is only a tale
<extra_id_2>we can seldom create new things
<extra_id_3>we can hardly see really new things in the world
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>The train I was traveling on was already half an hour late. I had to arrive in Vienna at 7:15 to catch it. He advised me to get off two stops before Vienna station and take a taxi. When the time came, the conductor even helped me with my bags. He wished me good luck as I jumped off. And a few minutes later, I was racing towards the centre of the city in a taxi. It was almost 7:25 when we stopped outside the station. I paid the driver quickly, took hold of my bags quickly and hurried inside. "Pairs train" was all I had time to say to the official I saw. You can guess how I feel when he pointed to a man that the train was just moving out of the station. How did the writer feel at Vienna station?
<extra_id_0>He felt lonely.
<extra_id_1>He felt angry.
<extra_id_2>He felt surprised.
<extra_id_3>He felt sad.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>An example of a true combination of mixed substances is
<extra_id_0>corn with butter
<extra_id_1>sand and pebbles
<extra_id_2>cream and coffee
<extra_id_3>dirt and sand
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>When you're returning to Australia, be careful that you don't bring in pests and diseases. Some items you might bring back from overseas can be pests and diseases that Australia doesn't have. When you return, declare all food, meat, fruits, plants, seeds, wooden souvenirs, animal or plant materials. Australia has strict quarantine laws and tough on-the-spot fines. Every piece of luggage is now screened or X-rayed. If you fail to declare any quarantine items, or if you make a false declaration, you will get caught. In addition to on-the-spot fines, you could be accused and fined more than $60, 000 and you may risk 10 years in prison. All international mail is also screened. Some products may require treatment to make them safe. Items that are restricted because of the risk of pests and diseases will be seized and destroyed by the Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service(AQIS). In many cases, the goods you declare will be returned to you after inspection. However, any item that presents a quarantine risk will be withheld . You will be given a range of options for each item depending on the quarantine risk: Treating the item to make it safe; Holding the item until an import permit is presented*; * Re-exporting the item; Destroying the item. Those treatments with the sign "*" are subject to fees. Further information: For more detailed information about bringing in food, animals, plants, animal or plant materials, call the AQIS at 1800-020-504. Which of the following don't you need to declare when returning to Australia?
<extra_id_0>Tea.
<extra_id_1>Wooden combs.
<extra_id_2>Some bread.
<extra_id_3>A pair of glasses.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>We grew up with the familiar toy bricks that gave us the imagination to build towers and castles. Generations have been attracted by this toy that lets children and adults alike create anything and everything. But with over 200 millions sets being sold a year in over 100 countries, the question remains -- where did Lego actually come from? Lego was born from the creative mind of Danish carpenter , Ole Kirk Christiansen, back in the early 1930s. He established a small business in Denmark. He and his team built a variety of household goods like ironing boards along with wooden toys. The Lego name was adopted in 1934, formed from the Danish words "Leg Godt" or "play well", which means "I study" or "I put together" in Latin. Christiansen's company continued to make wooden toys until 1942 when fire struck -- the entire Lego factory burned to the ground. Unwilling to give in, the factory was rebuilt and the production line restarted soon after. By 1954, Christiansen's son, Godtfred, had become the junior managing director of the Lego Group. It was during his conversation with an overseas buyer that he was struck by the idea of a toy system. For over 30 years, the Lego Company made only toys and related goods. Then, in 1968, the company opened its first Legoland in Denmark. Combining the Lego building bricks with a computer, the Robotics Invention System 1.5 is now the most advanced toy in the Lego Company, which is targeted at users aged twelve and above, and that includes any parents or grandparents that want to join in. Now the Lego Company is expanding its production lines to include lights, cameras and so on. Lego Company has done a lot to entertain many children around the world. Which of the following is NOT true about the Robotics Invention System 1.5?
<extra_id_0>It is the most advanced toy in the Lego Company.
<extra_id_1>It combines the Lego building bricks with a computer.
<extra_id_2>It is intended for users aged twelve and above.
<extra_id_3>It is the most expensive toy invented since 1968.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>Mother's Day is coming up. Maybe your gift is wrapped and your dinner plans booked for mom, step-mom, grandmother - whoever the person is who fed, cared for, taught and loved you. But there are other people who said their most special Mother's Day memories rarely dealt with beautifully wrapped objects, but rather, the ways people showed they cared. Mother's Day 2012 was the last one Jannet Walsh was able to celebrate with her mother, Margaret, who had a stroke in 2009. In her last few years, Walsh always shot photos and videos of their visits together, and with Walsh's West Highland White Terrier, Andrew. "My mother had a dog just like him, so I would tell her it was her dog, and she would hold onto his leash, even in bed up to the last few weeks before she passed away," Walsh said. As Mother's Day approached, Walsh wanted a way to remember her mother and "best friend". She decided to build the memories she captured during those last few years into a video memorial - images of her mother with Andrew or quiet moments at her gravesite. "I thought it good to tell the story with few words, just show my mother as she was - happy, and loved till the end," Walsh said. Mother's Day was not a light-hearted subject for Wendy Bowers in the past. Her mom had walked out when she was 18, and Bowers had tried for years to become pregnant without success. She had almost convinced herself she wasn't meant to be a parent. But three years after she gave up on having a baby, Bowers discovered that she was pregnant. Six weeks earlier than expected, little Nathan arrived. That first year, Nathan, only 10 months old, was sick with a stomach bug. Bowers said she spent the day holding him between loads of laundry. "I would not have been anywhere else in the world that day," she said. "I wouldn't trade that first Mother's Day for anything, and I'm pretty sure Mother's Day will always be a reminder to me of just how lucky I am to even be a mom." The purpose of what Walsh did for her mother before Mother's Day was to _ .
<extra_id_0>bring her mother what she wanted
<extra_id_1>show she would be loved till the end
<extra_id_2>celebrate her last Mother's Day
<extra_id_3>remember her and share her story
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>The other day, I noticed a message on a friend's page. It made me very sad. She says she is the one who reaches out to people, but rarely do they reach out to her. So, after communicating with her for a while, I began to challenge my friends. "Contact someone right now. Send messages or call someone who you haven't spoken to for a while, or who you only talk to when they message or call you. Let someone who may feel alone in the world right this moment know that they are not alone. That is my challenge to you. Please do it , and let me know once you have. Either by calling me back, or by sending me a message. Be the change that you want to see in the world. " The response was great. 28people liked my post, another 10 posted that they did, and I got about a dozen messages telling me that they did. And there was one very special message: "I just want you to know what has happened. That day, I sent a message to a friend who I hadn't heard from for a while. She and I talked for a whole day back and forth on messages and then on the phone. She said she was so incredibly sad. Nobody has spoken with her in two weeks. By the tone of her voice, and by the conversations we were having, I think she was about to take her own life . After our conversation, she has agreed to talk to someone. Your message of kindness has saved her. I can't wait to tell you how thankful I am for people like you in the world, who care when nobody else will. I am proud to call myself your friend. Thank you! " I didn't quite know what to say after reading the message. I was wondering how best to use it for greater good. I decided that sharing what we have done is the most powerful way. I know that I am a cheerleader when it comes to making the world a better place with kindness, because if I help someone, it makes me feel better. I do it because I need to feel better. What made the author unhappy?
<extra_id_0>She can't reach out to anyone.
<extra_id_1>No one responds to her friend.
<extra_id_2>None of her friends contacts her.
<extra_id_3>She has no time to visit her friends.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>Mr. White works in an office. One day, when he had lunch, a friend came to visit him . They were very happy and talked a lot. Then they looked at the clock on the wall. It was time to go to office. He had to stay goodbye to his friend and left. It was raining hard and the streets were wet. He drove too fast to see the red lights . And he couldn't stop his car and hit a car in front of his. An old man got off and called out angrily, " What are you doing? Do you want to hit me to death ?" "I'm sorry , sir," said Mr. White . "I didn't find the lights turned red." Then he brought out a bottle of wine and gave it to the old man .21 " It's very cold today , sir ," said Mr. white . "Please drink a little , then you'll be warmer." The old man drank some wine and became happy. "I'm feeling much better now. Why don't you drink any?" he asked. "I can't drink anything now ,sir," answered Mr. White."I'm waiting for the policeman to come .Only drunkers cause accidents, you know!" Mr White drove too fast because _
<extra_id_0>he was happy that day
<extra_id_1>he was good at drinking
<extra_id_2>there were few cars in the street
<extra_id_3>he was afraid to be late
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>Ammie Reddick from East Kilbride, Lanarkshire, was only 18 months old when she had the accident that had scarred her for life. The child reached up to get a hot bottle in the family kitchen and poured boiling water over her body. Her mother Ruby turned round and, seeing Ammie badly burnt, rushed her daughter to a nearby hospital. Twenty percent of Ammie's body had been burned and all of her burns were third-degree. There, doctors performed an operation that took about six hours to control her injuries. Over the next 16 years, Ammie received 12 more operations to repair her body. When she started school at Maxwelton Primary at age 4, other pupils said cruel words or simply wouldn't play with her. "I was the only burned child in the street, the class and the school," she said, "some children refused to become friends because of that." Today, aged 17, Ammie can only ever remember being a burned person with scars; pain is a _ part of her body. She still has to have two further operations. Yet she is a confident, outgoing teenager who offers hope to other young burns victims . She is a member of the Scottish Burned Children's Club. This month, Ammie will be joining the younger children at the Graffham Water Center in Cambridge for the first summer camp. "I'll show them how to get rid of unkind looking from others," she says. Ammie loves wearing fashionable clothes, and she plans to show the youngsters at the summer camp that they can too. "I do not hide my burns scars," she says, "I gave up wondering how other people would say years ago." Ammie will teach the younger children at the Graffham Water Center to _ .
<extra_id_0>live a normal life
<extra_id_1>recover quickly
<extra_id_2>face others' unkindness bravely
<extra_id_3>hide their scars by proper dressing
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>Do you know Shirley Temple? She is an American film and television actress. She was born on April 23, 1928. She is also good at singing and dancing. She becomes a child star in the 1930s. What does she look like? She has a round face with big eyes. Lost of people like her curly blonde hair very much. She is lovely and smart. At the age of 6, she makes her first film. Before she is 12, she plays over 40 films. She is also the first Award Oscar in the history of children. Her mother has no job and her father works in a bank. When she is very young, her mother asks her to learn to sing, dance and act. In September 1931, her mother takes her to Meglin's Dance School in Los Angeles. Shirley Temple passes away on February 10, 2014. President Franklin D. Roosevelt says, "It is a great thing that for just fifteen cents, you can go to the movies and look at the nice face of a girl and forget your problems." What is Shirley Temple?
<extra_id_0>A singer.
<extra_id_1>A musician.
<extra_id_2>A teacher.
<extra_id_3>An actress.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>A 90-year-old tortoise is going twice its usual speed after being equipped with a set of wheels. The animal, called Mrs T, was facing a terrible future after losing her two front legs in a mouse attack while she was sleeping in winter, but her owners glued the wheels onto her shell . "She's going double the speed she used to," said the owner Jude Ryder, "She uses her back legs to push herself along and seems quite happy." The 58-year-old owner was surprised when she went to check on her loved pet last month and found her front legs had been eaten in the mouse attack. The local animal doctor tried his best to save Mrs T. But he was afraid that the tortoise would not survive without being mobile. After paying PS1,000 for the treatment, Mrs Ryder turned to her son Dale for help. Dale designed the front wheels and used resin to add them to the front of the shell. Mrs Ryder said: "She liked them immediately, but she must learn how to turn and stop. She can get a good speed up, much faster than before. Mrs T is still quite young for a tortoise. She could go on for another 50 years. All she needs is a new set of tyres sometimes." When Mrs T was sixty years old, she was bought as a pet for Dale, an 8-year-old boy. It liked running happily in Mrs Ryder's garden in spring and summer. When winter came, Mrs T slept in the garden shelter. A mouse got in last month and chewed off both her front legs. Mrs Ryder said: "We were afraid she would be sure to die, but her new set of wheels have saved her life. She can run in the garden again and we can always find her because she leaves very strange footprints behind wherever she goes." Mice attacking tortoises is not uncommon around us--in 2013 Britain's oldest tortoise died after a mouse attack. The tortoise called Thomas was 130 when he was bitten at his home in Guernsey. He spent five days on strong antibiotics , but the wound became so infected that his owner had no choice but to have him put to sleep. What can we learn from the passage?
<extra_id_0>Mrs Ryder is able to move much faster than before.
<extra_id_1>Tortoises attacking mice is not uncommon around us.
<extra_id_2>The animal doctor added the front wheels to the shell.
<extra_id_3>Mrs T can go faster after being equipped with wheels.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>If the child has been brought up in a loving, openly communicative environment, the relationship with parents would be a strong one.It is only when there are ongoing troubles in the relationship between parents and the child that there is a breakdown in communication. When parents are going through difficulties in their own relationship the child sometimes develops guilt.The child can hold himself or herself responsible for the breakdown in relationship between the parents.This needs to be explained to the child, who won't speak out this guilt. The teenage years are emotionally sensitive years to the outside world.For the first time the child realizes his or her position in society.Friends suddenly become more important than parents.It is during this time that the relationship between children and parents is tested.If the bond with parents is strong, the child will not be swayed by the drug and alcohol culture.If the bond is weaker, the child will end up with problems. During such times, one of the effective ways to deal with the problems is to discuss the problem with the child.As parents, you will need to discuss the consequences of each option and then leave the final decision to the child.Forcing parental will on children is counterproductive, especially at this age.Imposing parental will at this time will stop communicating and then you will not know what is happening in their life.Whatever the problem is, the child need never be made to feel lonely.The moment that happens, the possibility of serious self-harm is raised. Any problem at this age can be dealt with by a flexible approach by parents.Discuss things calmly.Leave the decision to the individual.Make yourself available for any help or support that the child desires.The child will feel comfortable when allowed the freedom of choice. What is the text mainly about?
<extra_id_0>The bond between parents and children.
<extra_id_1>Causes of teenagers' problems.
<extra_id_2>Teenagers' problems and solutions.
<extra_id_3>Always letting the children decide.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>In most parts of the world, as far back as anyone can remember , there has been a puppet tradition. Although some of us think of puppets as children's entertainment, they were----and oftenstill are used to tell serious stories to adult audiences. Even in these days of special effects, the puppettheatre still has a special place in many cultures. The best known puppet characters in Britain are Punch and Judy, glove puppets with woodenheads. In summer, one basic play of about half an hour is performed on beaches all around Britain .Mr. Punch, who has an enormous nose and wears a curved hat, gets into trouble and has argumentswith his wife, Judy. A policeman , a crocodile, and a hangman, and all of them run after Mr. Punch .He ,of course, _ manages to survive to fight another day . In Belgium wooden puppets first appeared in the 1820s in cities like liege . The liege puppetsare in fact string puppets without strings!They have a single rod attached to their heads, whichmeans the puppeteers aren't able to raise the arms and legs, but can move the body up and down and the head from side to side. Many of the stories used to be historical or religious but it is Tchantches,a comic character wit patched trousers and a big black hat, who is the best loved character today. LikeMr. Punch, he is a simple man who is also greedy, quarrelsome and lazy. He makes fun of everyone, but is often warm--hearted and tender. The passage is mainly about _ .
<extra_id_0>different kinds of puppets
<extra_id_1>how puppets came into being
<extra_id_2>why puppets are popular
<extra_id_3>story---telling through puppets
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>When Abraham Lincoln was just a boy, he had to help his father to look after their farm. It was hard work and there wasn't anything interesting for him. Abraham wanted to go to school, but there was no school there. He was sad most of the time. Mrs. Lincoln loved the boy very much. She tried her best to make Abraham happy. One morning she got up early and went to the town. It was a long way, so it took her a long time to get there. She bought something there and went back. It was late in the evening when she got home. The next morning Mrs. Lincoln said to Abraham,"Today is your birthday, so we're going to have a party."She put some food on the table, and then brought out a present. "A book!"Abraham cried. It was an old book, but he liked it. A smile came on his face. He looked up at Mrs. Lincoln and said,"Thank you, Mom." Abraham Lincoln couldn't go to school because _ .
<extra_id_0>his family had no money
<extra_id_1>his mother wanted to teach him herself
<extra_id_2>he didn't like school
<extra_id_3>there was no school near his home
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>Skiping classes violates school rules and a poor attendance record will damage your final mark. But some college students still try every means to escape classes. The number of these rebels may be much bigger than you think. Three students from Anhui Normal University established Itaoke. Com in June. The website quickly attracted 2 000 registered members in three months. On the website, students share their experiences of skipping classes and even post ads to look for someone to stand in for them to attend courses. Its embarrassing for universities to see this shameful behavior discussed: However,it's good for schools and teachers to know via the website the reasons why students skip classes,according to Professor Xiao Haitao from Shenzhen University: Xao pointed out that some`students skip classes because of laziness.Others play truant because the teaching is truly dissatisfactory,"Universities can seek improvements to give a cure to the class-skipping problem,"said Xiao. Chen Yang,21,thinks that he is "forced" to skip some courses because of the poor teaching. the senior,majoring in English at Yangtze University, thinks that he's wasting time in the classroom when the teacher reads the textbook word for word or hands him outdated reading materials. He would rather skip classes to study in the library, watch online videos of Harvard or Yale lectures,or sit in on other courses he is interested in. Chen draws a clear line between himself and those who skip classes in order to get more sleep or fool around on campus. He emphasized:"I skip classes with a clear goal,which is to probe into areas I'm interested in and broaden my horizons." Li Sicen,President of the National Taiwan University,seems to be on Chen's side. Li claimed that he supported those students who skip classes for good reasons. However,Professor Xiao warns students that Li is not giving permission for students to skip classes. Xiao suggests that Li was just showing his understanding of truancy in a limited number of cases. In Professor Pan Cuiqiong's opinion,students tend to jump to the conclusion that a certain course is boring and useless. "To clear students' misunderstanding,teachers should use materials closely related to students'lives and adapt interactive teaching methods,"said Pan. Besides offering teachers more training,schools also need to give students different optional courses and ensure that they can attend the courses they are interested in,according to Professor Xiao. Many Chinese students have the experience of being kicked out of an optional course because its size is limited. They are then forced to choose courses they dislike and are likely to skip them. We may learn from Sydney University in Australia. There aren't any problems with numbers---if a course is popular then there will be more than one class per week. According to the passage,we learn that Professor Xiao _ .
<extra_id_0>is giving permission for students to skip classes
<extra_id_1>thinks it's embarrassing for the three students to establish ltaoke. com
<extra_id_2>thinks the website will help to know why students skip classes
<extra_id_3>claimed that he supported those students who skip classes for good reasons
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>Jones wanted to kill Adams because he believed Adams was having an affair with Jones's wife. Early one morning, armed with a pistol, he crouched behind some bushes on a park hillside overlooking a path upon which Adams frequently jogged. On this morning, however, Jones saw Adams jogging on another path about a half mile away. Nonetheless, Jones fired five shots at Adams. None of the five shots came anywhere close to Adams as he was well out of the range of the pistol Jones was using. Jones is
<extra_id_0>guilty of attempted murder, if he was not aware of the limited range of his pistol.
<extra_id_1>guilty of attempted murder, if a reasonable person would not have been aware of the limited range of his pistol.
<extra_id_2>not guilty of attempted murder, or any lesser included offense, because, under the circumstances, it was impossible for him to have killed Adams.
<extra_id_3>not guilty of attempted murder, but guilty of assault.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that there's a big difference between "being a writer" and writing. In most cases these people are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hours alone as a typewriter. "You've got to want to write," I say to them, "not want to be a writer." The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose wish is never rewarded. When I left a 20-year career in the U.S, Coast Guard to become a freelance writer , I had no hope at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn't even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used typewriter and felt like a real writer. After a year or so, however, I still hadn't got a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn't going to be one of those _ ? I would keep putting my dream to the test even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the shadow land of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there. What can be concluded from the passage?
<extra_id_0>Real writers often find their works interesting and rewarding.
<extra_id_1>A writer's success depends on luck rather than on effort.
<extra_id_2>Famous writers usually live in poverty and loneliness.
<extra_id_3>The chances for a writer to become successful are small.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>People like to tell me rubbish. Not just friends, but strangers ,too. Once, at the airport, my husband stepped off an escalator before me. When he realized I wasn't with him, he looked back and saw me hugging ( ) a stranger. I'd asked the man behind me: "Did you have fun in Vegas?" His answer broke me heart. After 50 years away, I'd come to say goodbye to the lover of his life, _ was dying of cancer. "I should have married her 50 years ago," he said. I hugged him, and then he was gone. Moments later, my husband said: "He told you all that on the escalator?" I nodded. "Maybe he just needed to tell somebody, And I happened to ask." When someone wants to talk, you just need to ask a question. The words don't matter. It's the tone in your voice and the look in your eyes and the caring in your heart that count. Sometimes I think the whole world is crying out to be heard. And yet, we don't ask the question or say the things we need to say to those who matter most to us while there is still time, and a chance, to do so. Recently I heard from a reader who shared with me the eulogy she'd written after losing her mother. I wish her mother could have read it. I can only hope her mother knew all the things her daughter wrote about her--that she was known so well and loved so much. I like to think people will say a few nice things about me when I'm gone. But given a choice, I would rather hear those things before I go. Wouldn't we all? That started me thinking. I need to tell my children I am proud of them. They know it, but it can't hurt to say it again. I need to tell my sister I will forever in her debt . I was the one who left. She was the one who stayed, who's "been there" for our family--for our mother, our dad, our brothers and me. And to my husband, I need to say, well, he puts up with a lot. In fact, I need to say a lot of things to whole lot of people. Maybe you do, too. You can tell me, if you want. But maybe you should tell them first. What does the writer want to tell us with the article?
<extra_id_0>It's never too late to express your love.
<extra_id_1>It's better to say what you need to say before it's too late.
<extra_id_2>We should care about strangers to make the world better.
<extra_id_3>We should be careful about what we say to our beloved ones.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>Old George bought the black gloves for just $35 ten years ago. They were made of lamb skin, soft and warm and very strong. Until then, he had worn cheaper man-made material. These gloves never lasted longer than three years. He first decided to buy the expensive gloves, because they would make him feel nice in front of others. George never let a drop of water or rain touch his expensive gloves, so they looked new. Losing this favourite thing was almost like losing a child to him. Bad luck! George lost his expensive gloves on New Year's Day.... Back home, George was at a loss. In deep winter, he could not do without a pair of gloves. If he bought cheap ones again, he would have to replace them very soon. If he bought a new leather pair, it would cost $50 now. He was sad that people no longer returned things they found on the road. After the holiday, poor George decided to buy another leather pair. Before boarding the subway, he went into Value Mart again to see if his gloves had been returned to the Lost and Found Office . "What colour are they?" the woman in the office asked again. "Black," he gave the same answer. She looked into her drawer and drew out a pair of men's leather gloves. "Are they?" "Yes! Those are mine!" George explained, with great joy in his eyes. The leather gloves looked new after years because _ .
<extra_id_0>George took very good care of them
<extra_id_1>they were soft and warm
<extra_id_2>they were expensive
<extra_id_3>George washed them with water.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>Passage 4 How dangerous it would be if there was a fire! Today is in winter. It's time for us to learn a lot more about fire, especially what to do if we are caught in a fire: 1. Shout out If you smell smoke or see fire, shout out "Fire!" Shout as loudly as you can, because people may be asleep. 2. Call 119 Never try to put the fire yourself, even if it is a very small one! Get help from your parents or call 119. 3. Keep down close to the floor If there is a lot of smoke in your room, keep down close to the floor. 4. Test the door Test the door before you open it. If the door is cool, open it carefully. If the door is hot, do not open it! Try to find a different way out. 5. Get out If you can, get out of your home as soon as possible. 6. Don't use the lift Never use the lift during the fire. It may also go wrong. 7. Don't go back Never go back into a burning building! If you realize you have left an expensive thing at home in a fire, you should _ .
<extra_id_0>not go back for it
<extra_id_1>keep down close to the door
<extra_id_2>not get out
<extra_id_3>get it back
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>One day a poor man was cutting a big piece of wood near a river. Suddenly his old axe fell into the water. He felt very sad because he lost his only axe. Then all at once a beautiful fairy came out and asked the man what the was matter. "I have lost my axe." he said, "It fell into the water when I was cutting the wood." The fairy showed him a gold axe and asked, "Is that yours?" "No." said the man. The fairy then showed him a silver axe and asked again, "Is this yours?" "No." again answered the man. Then she showed him the old axe. "Yes, that is mine." called out the happy man. "I know it well enough." said the fairy, "I only wanted to see if you would tell me the truth, and now I'll give you the gold axe and the silver axe besides your own one." ,. Finally, the poor man had _ .
<extra_id_0>only one axe.
<extra_id_1>two axes.
<extra_id_2>three axes.
<extra_id_3>many axes.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>Beyond two or three days, the world's best weather forecasts are doubtful, and beyond six or seven they are worthless. The Butterfly Effect is the reason. For small pieces of weather--to a global forecaster, small can mean thunderstorms and blizzards --any prediction becomes worse rapidly. Errors and uncertainties increase, from dust devils and storms up to continent-size eddies that only satellites can see. The modern weather models work with net-like points sixty miles apart, and even so, some starting data have to be guessed, since ground stations and satellites cannot see everywhere. But suppose the earth could be covered with sensors placed one foot apart, rising at one-foot intervals all the way to the top of the atmosphere. Suppose every sensor gives perfectly accurate readings of temperature, pressure, humidity , and any other data a weatherman would want. Exactly at noon a powerful computer takes all the data and calculates what will happen at each point at 12.01, then 12.02, then 12.03... the computer will still be unable to predict whether Princeton will have sun or rain one month away. At noon the spaces between the sensors will hide fluctuations that the computer will not know about. By 12.01, those fluctuations will already have created small errors one foot away. Soon the errors will have added to the ten-foot scale, and so on up to the size of the globe. Usually there is a weather sub-station _ .
<extra_id_0>in every city
<extra_id_1>every 60 miles
<extra_id_2>between two cities
<extra_id_3>every one foot
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>The largest outbreak of the deadly disease Ebola was caused by an infected bat biting a toddler, say a group of international researchers. The 17-strong team of European and African tropical disease researchers, ecologists and anthropologists have spent three weeks investigating the outbreak of the disease in Guinea, Liberia, Ivory Coast and Nigeria. The researchers captured the bats and other creatures near the village of Meliandoua in remote eastern Guinea, where the disease began in December 2013. The boy was bitten and passed the infection on to his mother and both died within a week. The disease was then spread far and wide by the people who came to the funeral. Most of the previous outbreaks have been caused by meat from dead infected animals collected by hunters who then sell it on. Fruit bats, however, are widely eaten in rural West Africa. The team, led by epidemiologist Herr Leendertz, a disease ecologist at the Robert Koch Institute in Berlin, are expected to publish their results in a major journal soon. Herr Leendertz's team believe that an infected straw-colored fruit bat brought the disease to Guinea. The mammals are known to travel long distances and usually settle in forests near cities. Herr Leendertz said, " The evidence is not 100 percent and we can only say that it is possible. They can travel far in one night. I don't think an individual bat or colony migrated all the way from Congo or Gabon to West Africa. These big colonies are connected. There is a possibility for the virus to mix between colonies. The bats share the same fruit. It is likely not to have even been one species of bat. The virus may jump from one species to another." If the bat theory is confirmed, the locals would try to destroy the colonies, which, Herr Leendertz says, would be an ecological disaster, because bats pollinate plants and kill insects. And bat hunts would also only increase human contact with potentially infected animals. What's the purpose of the 17-strong team?
<extra_id_0>To look into the outbreak of Ebola.
<extra_id_1>To help the people who suffer from Ebola.
<extra_id_2>To help cure the infected boy of Ebola.
<extra_id_3>To make a study of the bats including fruit bats.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>When you turn on the radio, you hear an advertisement. When you watch television, you hear and see an advertisement. If you turn the pages of a newspaper or magazine, again you find an advertisement. If you walk down the street, you see one advertising board after another. All day, every day, people who want to sell you something compete to catch your attention. As a result, advertisements are almost everywhere. In the West, advertisements are the fuel that makes mass media work. Many TV stations, newspapers, magazines, radio stations are privately owned. The government does not give them money. So where does the money come from? From advertisements. Without advertisements, there would not be these private businesses. Have you ever asked yourself what advertising is? Through the years, people have given different answers to the question. For some time it was felt that advertising was a means of "keeping your name before the public." And some people thought that advertising was "truth well told." Now more and more people describe it in this way: Advertising is the paid, non-personal, and usually persuasive description of goods, services and ideas by identified sponsors through various media. First, advertising is usually paid for. Various sponsors pay for the advertisements we see, read, and hear over the various media. Second, advertising is non-personal. It is not face to face communication. Although you may feel that a message in a certain advertisement is aimed directly at you, in reality, it is directed at large groups of people. Third, advertising is usually persuasive. Directly or indirectly it tells people to do something. All advertisements try to make people believe that the product, idea, or service advertised can do good to them. Fourth, the sponsor of the advertisement must be identified. From the advertisement, we can see if the sponsor is a company, or an organization, or an individual. Fifth, advertising reaches us through traditional and nontraditional mass media. Included in the traditional media are newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and films. Nontraditional media include the mail, matchbox covers, and billboards. Which of the following is considered nontraditional mass media?
<extra_id_0>Newspapers
<extra_id_1>Magazines
<extra_id_2>The mail
<extra_id_3>Films
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>The earth's best-known encyclopedia announced today that it would no longer publish print editions. Like so many newspapers and publishing houses, Encyclopedia Britannica is going completely digital. Jorge Cauz is President of Encyclopedia Britannica.He says the company is now focusing on digital learning. "We're digital, we're mobile, and we're social," said Cauz. "We're a very different company from 20 or 30 years ago." Britannica encyclopedias were first published in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1768. Americans started buying them at the turn of the 20thcentury. In the mid- 1900s, salesmen would go door-to-door to sell the books. The company's first digital reference was created in1981. CD-ROMs came out in1989 and Britannica went to the Web in 1994. But Britannica didn't take the electronic world very seriously during the last 20 years. Because people turned to the Internet, the company's sales went down. What hasn't changed is the way Britannica creates its material. The company has thousands of expert writers and more than 100 editors. Contributors include many scholars, Nobel _ and world leaders, such as Bill Clinton and Desmond Tutu. Britannica's website also provides educational tools. At Britannica Online School Edition, teachers share lesson plans. Online versions of the encyclopedia serve more than 100 million people around the world. The company plans to mark the end of print edition by making the contents of its website free for one week. Why does the President of Encyclopedia Britannicadecide not to publish its print editions any more?
<extra_id_0>Because many publishing houses follow this pattern.
<extra_id_1>Because the company's sales are lower than expected.
<extra_id_2>Because people don't show any interest in encyclopedia.
<extra_id_3>Because the company don't take print editions seriously.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>When I was a kid, I was close to my dad, but as I grew older, my dad and I grew further apart. We always had totally different opinions. He thought that college was a waste of time, but for me it was important to finish college. He wanted me to work my way to the top as he had done in his field, but I wanted a different life. There was a time when we did not talk with each other. A few months ago, I heard that my 84-year-old dad was in poor health. When he called and asked whether I could move from Colorado back to Tennessee to help him, I knew he was seriously ill. I am his only child and so it was time to meet my father's requirement. Two weeks after moving back, we bought a boat and started fishing again. Fishing was one of the few things that we did while I was young and that we both enjoyed. It is strange but true that as we are fishing we are able to put things that have kept us apart for so many years behind us. We are able to talk about things that we have never talked about before. Fishing has been healing the old wounds that have kept us apart It is not important how many fish we catch. It is about enjoying the relationship that we have not had for years. I'm 62 and he is 84. When we are on the lake fishing, it is like two kids enjoying life. It is far better to find a way to put the unhappy past behind. I am so lucky to spend the happy time with my father in his last years. Now my heart is filled with love. A smile always graces my lips. What can be the best title for the text?
<extra_id_0>Forgiving Is Difficult
<extra_id_1>Fishing Brings Us Together
<extra_id_2>Memories of Old Days
<extra_id_3>My Beloved Father
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>It's almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure. If you have a fear of failure, you might be uncomfortable setting goals. But goals help us decide where we want to go in life. Without goals, we have no sure destination. Many experts recommend visualization as a powerful tool for goal setting. Imagining how life will be after you've reached your goal is a great motivator to keep you moving forward. However, visualization might produce the opposite results in people who have a fear of failure. In his article, researcher Thomas Langens showed that people who have a fear of failure were often left in a strong negative mood after being asked to visualize goals and goal attainment. So, what can you do instead? Start by setting a few small goals. These should be goals that are slightly, but not overwhelmingly, challenging. Think of these goals as "early wins" that are designed to help improve your confidence. For example, if you've been too afraid to talk to the new department head (who has the power to give you the promotion you want), then make this your first goal: Plan to stop by her office during the next week to introduce yourself. Or, imagine that you've dreamed of returning to school to get your MBA , but you're convinced that you're not smart enough to be accepted into business school. Set a goal to talk with a school counselor or admissions officer to see what's required for admission. Try to make your goals tiny steps on the route to much bigger goals. Don't focus on the end picture: getting the promotion, or graduating with an MBA. Just focus on the next step: introducing yourself to the department head, and talking to an admissions officer. That's it. Taking one small step at a time will help build your confidence, keep you moving forward, and prevent you from getting overwhelmed with visions of your final goal. When setting goals, you should _ .
<extra_id_0>concentrate on your final goals
<extra_id_1>talk with your department head
<extra_id_2>begin with some small goals
<extra_id_3>have confidence in your success
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>A person puts liquid matter in a glass and it
<extra_id_0>is hardened
<extra_id_1>evaporates immediately
<extra_id_2>is shaped similarly
<extra_id_3>melts the glass
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>Once upon a time, a man punished his 5-year-old daughter for using up the family' s expensive gold wrapping ( ) paper. Money was always not enough, and he became even more upset when on Christmas Eve, he saw that the child had pasted ( ) the gold paper to decorate a shoebox to put under the Christmas tree. The next morning the little girl, filled with excitement, brought the gift box to her father and said, "This is for you, Daddy!" As he opened the box, the father was sorry for his earlier behavior. But after he opened it, he found it was empty and again he was angry."Don' t you know, young lady, " he said, "when you give someone a present there's supposed to be something inside the package!" The little girl looked up at him with tears running from her eyes and said, "Daddy, it's not empty. I blew kisses into it until it was all full." When the father heard this, he fell on his knees and put his arm around his dear little girl. He begged her to forgive him for his unnecessary anger. An accident took the life of the child only a short time later. It is told that the father kept that little gold box by his bed for all the year of his life. Whenever he was sad or faced difficult problems he would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and remember the love of this beautiful child who had put it there. In a very real sense, each of us as human beings have been given an _ golden box filled with love and kisses from our children, family, friends and God. This is the most expensive possession anyone could hold. ,. What's the best title for the passage?
<extra_id_0>The Kiss
<extra_id_1>The Gift
<extra_id_2>The Father
<extra_id_3>The Daughter
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>In modern society loneliness can be seen as a social phenomenon and people can experience loneliness for many reasons. It is a very common, though normally temporary, consequence of a breakup, divorce, or loss of any important long-term relationship. In these cases, loneliness may result both from the loss of a specific person or from dropping out of social circles. The loss of a significant person in one's life will typically lead to a grief response; in this situation, one might feel lonely, even while in the company of others. There are many different ways used to treat loneliness. The first step that most doctors recommend to patients is treatment. Short term treatment typically occurs over a period of ten to twenty weeks. During treatment, emphasis is put on understanding the cause of the problem, thoroughly changing the negative thoughts, feelings, and attitudes resulting from the problem, and exploring ways to help the patient feel connected. Some doctors also recommend group treatment a means to connect with other sufferers and establish a support system. Another treatment is animal-assisted treatment. Studies and surveys indicate that the presence of animal companions such as dogs, cats, rabbits, and guinea pigs can ease feelings of loneliness or depression among some sufferers. Beyond the companionship the animal itself provides there may also be increased opportunities for socializing with other pet owners. Results of a study also suggest that correcting improper social cognition offers the best chance of reducing loneliness. However, loneliness can sometimes play an important role in the creative process. In some people, temporary or prolonged loneliness can lead to remarkable artistic and creative expression, for example, as was the case with poet Emily Dickinson, and many musicians. This is not to imply that loneliness itself ensures this creativity, rather, it may have an influence on the subject matter of the artist and more likely be present in individuals engaged in creative activities. According to the passage, what can lead to loneliness?
<extra_id_0>Running away from the school.
<extra_id_1>Losing long-term friendship.
<extra_id_2>A specific person's marriage.
<extra_id_3>A company's closing down.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>Psychology has a new application in the field of medicine. Many doctors, together with their patients, are looking for alternative methods of treatment of physical problems. In large hospitals, modern therapy seems to focus on the physical disease. Patients may feel they are treated like broken machines. Some doctors have recognized this as a problem. They are now using psychological therapy, in which the patient is working with the doctors against the disease with the help of medicine. The patient does not wait for the medicine and treatment to cure him or her, but instead the patient joins in the fight. The doctor knows that a disease affects a patient's body physically. The body of the patient changes because of the disease. He is not only physically affected, but also has an emotional response to the disease. Because his mind is affected, his attitude and behavior change. The medical treatment might cure the patient's physical problems, but the patient's mind must fight the emotional ones. For example, the studies of one doctor, Carl Simonton, M. D., have shown that a typical cancer patient has predictable attitudes. She typically feels depressed, upset, and angry. Her constant depression makes her acts unfriendly toward her family, friends, doctors, and nurses. Such attitudes and behaviors prevent recovery. Therefore, a doctor's treatment must help the patient change that. Simonton's method emphasizes treatment of the "whole" patient. The attitude of a cancer patient receiving radiation therapy, an X-ray treatment, can become more positive. The physician who is following Simonton's psychological treatment plan suggests that the patient imagine that he or she can see the tumor in the body. In the mental picture, the patient "sees" a powerful beam of radiation like a million bullets of energy. The patient imagines the beam hitting the tumor cells and causing them to shrink. For another cancer patient, Dr. Simonton asks him to imagine the medicine going from the stomach into the bloodstream and to the cancer cells. The patient imagines that the medicine is like an army fighting the diseased cells and sees the cancer cells gradually dying and his blood carry away the dead cells. Both the medical therapy and the patient's positive attitude fight the disease. Doctors are not certain why this mental therapy works. However, this use of psychology does help some patients because their attitudes about themselves change. They become more confident because they use the power within their own minds to help stop the disease. Another application of using the mind to help cure disease is the use of suggestion therapy. At first, the doctor helps the patient to concentrate deeply. The patient thinks only about one thing. He becomes so unaware of other things around him that he is asleep, or rather in a trance . Then the physician makes "a suggestion" to the patient about the medical problem. The patient's mind responds to the suggestion even after the patient is no longer in the trance. In this way, the patient uses his mind to help his body respond to treatment. Doctors have learned that this use of psychology is helpful for both adults and children. For example, physicians have used suggestion to help adults deal with the strong pain of some disease. Furthermore, sometimes the adult patient worries about her illness so much that the anxiety keeps her from getting well. The right suggestions may help the patient to stop being anxious. Such treatment may help the patient with a chronic diseases. Asthma is an example of a chronic disorder. Asthma is a disease that causes the patient to have difficulty in breathing. The patient starts to cough and sometimes has to fight to get the air that he or she needs. Psychology can help relieve the symptoms of this disorder. After suggestion therapy, the asthma patient breathes more easily. Physicians have learned that the psychological method is very useful in treating children. Children respond quickly to the treatment because they are fascinated by it. For example, Dr. Basil R. Collison has worked with 121 asthmatic children in Sydney, Australia, and had good results. Twenty-five of the children had Excellent results. They were able to breathe more easily, and they did not need medication. Another forty-three were also helped. The symptoms of the asthma occurred less frequently, and when they did, they were not as strong. Most of the children also felt better about themselves. Doctors have also used suggestion to change habits like nail-biting, thumb-sucking, and sleep-related problems. Many professional medical groups have accepted the medical use of psychology and that psychology has important applications in medicine. What can we learn from the studies of Carl Simonton, M. D.?
<extra_id_0>The medical treatment can cure the patient's mental disease.
<extra_id_1>The treatment of a patient by treating the body and the mind is necessary.
<extra_id_2>The mental treatment is more important than medical treatment.
<extra_id_3>Few patients have emotional response to the disease.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>Like every other Olympics, the London 2012 Olympics will depend upon thousands of volunteers to help with the smooth running of the event. To show the importance of the role, London 2012 volunteers are to be called 'Game Makers'. Lord Coe has said recently: "London 2012 is relying on brilliant Game Makers to help us create a great Olympic and Paralympic Games. " London 2012 Olympics volunteers will provide the face of London 2012, working behind the scenes and making sure the games are as well organized, efficient and, most importantly, as enjoyable as possible. Despite the hard-work and often unsociable hours required of volunteers, applications to be considered as a Game Maker were unprecedented with all the 70, 000 available positions applied within days. But, for those still interested in helping out during 2012 and being in the middle of the action, there are still a lot of opportunities available. If you were one of those who missed out on the chance of becoming London 2012 volunteers, you can now apply to be one of the 8, 000 London Ambassadors . This important role involves greeting fans from all over the world, welcoming them to the fantastic capital city of London and providing a friendly face as well as help, advice and a good old traditional warm British welcome. The view of London most visitors take away with them after the 2012 Olympics will mostly _ the volunteers and ambassadors, so these roles play a very important part in the process of making the UK a great place to travel to. Becoming a London Ambassador is a brilliant way to be involved with the London 2012 volunteers scheme and become a part of what should be an historic summer. Why are London 2012 volunteers called "Game Makers"?
<extra_id_0>They'll decide whether the London 2012 Olympics are a success.
<extra_id_1>They play an important role in the London 2012 Olympics.
<extra_id_2>The London 2012 Olympics won't be organized without them.
<extra_id_3>They will work hard and effectively.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>One Tuesday, we got up, had breakfast and got ready for school. We picked up our school bags and went to school. I opened my school bag to get my homework after I went into the classroom and sat down. My school homework needed to be handed in. But it was not there! I remembered I had put it in my school bag. I thought back to Monday afternoon. I finished my school homework, put it in my school bag, and went out to play softball with the neighbor kids. My sister Sara was not out playing as usual. She read a book inside the house. She must have taken my homework while I was playing softball outside as no kids came inside our house on Monday. After school I ran to the place where my sister and I usually meet. There was Sara. She didn't seem to be laughing at me. She is good at giving false information. "Sara, what have you done with my homework?" I asked. She said she hadn't seen it! "What should I do?" I thought. I waited for a chance to talk to Mom. In Mom ' s room, I cried and shouted: I couldn't help shaking. I told her about my missing school homework. Hearing this, Mom left the room, went into the kitchen hurriedly and started looking in the trash. She pulled my school homework out of the trash! Mom said, "I' m sorry, Teri. I saw that your school bag was too heavy, so I cleaned it out for you. Your homework didn't look any different from the waste paper which I threw away." I realized that I had misunderstood my sister. I apologized to her. And I learnt a good lesson from this experience. The writer's mother threw away her homework because _ .
<extra_id_0>she found it in some waste paper
<extra_id_1>the homework was too poorly don e
<extra_id_2>the homework looked like waste paper
<extra_id_3>she wanted to teach her a good lesson
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>Now net fiction ,also called computer fiction is popular in more than 80 countries. To write computer fictions,the writers don't have to think about making any plot.Like reporters,they just go to a lot of places and collect materials:what most women want,their ideas about life and love,their happiness and sufferings and emotions.All these materials are fed into the computer to be processed and classified .Then the writers just pick some materials from every part and fill in some details and a story is made up. The first computer fiction was edited by 13 editors and published in Canada in 1976.It was a great success and 45 million copies were sold.Seeing this new process as profittaking a big American publishing company bought over the majority of the 13 Canadian editors and soon a series of computer fictions were published in the United States. All the computer fictions have very romantic titles.The heroine is always about 20,while the hero is a 30 to 40 bachelor ,handsome,with money and power.The hero and the heroine have a happy reunion after all kinds of misunderstandings .Computer fictions are enjoyed by most women readers of the west.But people doubt if they have any literary value . How do computers write fictions?
<extra_id_0>They classify the materials and make up a story according to the information put into them.
<extra_id_1>They pick up some useful materials.
<extra_id_2>They make up the story in details.
<extra_id_3>They are no more than typists.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>Proverbs are popular around the world. Many proverbs give advice on how to live. Some proverbs are hundreds of years old, but they are still used today. For example, my son is just like his father in many ways. We often say the two of them prove the proverb that the apple does not fall far from the tree. My daughter is very short. She would like to be taller. But I tell her that good things come in small packages. Some valuable things are very small, like diamonds and other jewels. But I also tell my children that all that glitters is not gold. Something may look valuable, but may not really be valuable. Also, I tell them do not judge a book by its cover. You should not judge something only by its appearance. Sometimes I tell my children to cooperate to solve a problem. After all, two heads are better than one. But another proverb says too many cooks spoil the soup. If too many people try to do something, then the job will not be done well. I also tell my children that two wrongs do not make a right. You should not do something bad just because someone did the same to you. Some people are pessimists while other people are optimists. Pessimists always think about how bad things are or will be; optimists might say that every cloud has a silver lining and they always look on the bright side. Other people are both pessimists and optimists. They hope for the best and prepare for the worst. Some people often worry about what they will do in a situation that might happen in the future. We could tell them do not cross that bridge until you come to it. It is usually much better to prevent a problem from happening than it is to find ways to solve it.So we say an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. Which of the following are optimists likely to say?
<extra_id_0>An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.
<extra_id_1>We hope for the best and prepare for the worst.
<extra_id_2>Every cloud has a silver lining.
<extra_id_3>Don't cross the bridge until you come to it.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>Barnes was hired as an assistant professor of mathematics at Reardon State College and is now in his third consecutive one-year contract. Under state law, he cannot acquire tenure until after five consecutive annual contracts. In his third year, Barnes was notified that he was not being rehired for the following year. Applicable state law and college rules did not require either a statement of reasons or a hearing, and in fact neither was offered to BarnesWhich of the following, if established, sets forth the strongest constitutional argument Barnes could make to compel the college to furnish him a statement of reasons for the failure to rehire him and an opportunity for a hearing?
<extra_id_0>There is no evidence that tenured teachers are any more qualified than he is.
<extra_id_1>He leased a home in reliance on an oral promise of reemployment by the college president.
<extra_id_2>He was the only teacher at the college whose contract was not renewed that year.
<extra_id_3>In the expectation of remaining at the college, he had just moved his elderly parents to the town in which the college is located.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>A man and his son were once going with their donkey to market. As they were walking along by its side a countryman passed them and said: "You fools, what is a donkey for but to ride upon?" So the man put the boy on the donkey and they went on their way. But soon they passed a group of men, one of whom said: "See that lazy boy, he lets his father walk while he rides." So the man ordered his boy to get off, and got on himself. But they hadn't gone far when they passed two women, one of whom said to the other: "Isn't that lazy man ashamed of making his pool little son walk while he rides?" The man didn't know what to do. At last he took his boy up before him on the donkey. By this time they had come to the town, and the passers-by began to jeer and point at them. The man stopped and asked what they were laughing at. The men said: "Aren't you ashamed of yourself for overloading that poor donkey with you and your son?" The man and boy got off and tried to think what to do. They thought again and again and then they cut down a pole, tied the donkey's feet to it, and raised the pole and the donkey to their shoulders. They went along surrounded by the laughter of all who met them till they came to Market Bridge, when the donkey, getting one of his feet loose, kicked out and caused the boy to drop his end of the pole. In the struggle the donkey fell over the bridge, and his fore-feet were tied together,so it was drowned. Why did the man put the put the boy back on the donkey?
<extra_id_0>Because the boy was too tired to walk.
<extra_id_1>Because he was worried about his son
<extra_id_2>Because two men asked him to do so
<extra_id_3>Because he didn't want to be criticized by others.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>I've been living in China for a while -- long enough to observe the long-term deterioration of my own native language abilities, as well as those of my fellow English speakers. This deterioration can take different forms, one of which is the non-standard usage of the words. Its source is, specifically, Chinese culture, and its target is native English speakers. Below I give some of the common ways that the Chinese environment strikes down the native speaker's linguistic competence . Net bar: In Chinese, they're called "", This is fine. We generally call them "Internet cafe" in English. The Chinese seem to think that "" should be translated as "net bar" in English, and many careless foreigners have even been misled by this idea. Name card: In the English-speaking world, business people have lots of business meetings to discuss business. On these occasions, business people exchange specially printed pieces of paper known as business cards. In China everyone calls them "name cards", because in Chinese they are called "" and "name card" is a more direct translation . Bean curd. It's called "tofu," OK! This English word comes from Chinese. I know all dictionaries sold in China will tell you "" is "bean curd" in English and that may represent the two characters nicely, but "bean curd" is more a definition than a comfortable translation. And yet some foreigners start saying "bean curd" rather than tofu. Deplorable ! I think you see the pattern. The normal native way of saying something is replaced by a more unnatural way of saying it using other English words. If you've been living in China for a while and find yourself using all of these, you might be on dangerous ground. You're going to start making a fool of yourself back home. Look out! Resist Chinglish attempts at destroying your own command of your mother tongue! The mentioned Chinglish words are created in the way _ .
<extra_id_0>that is generally accepted by native English speakers
<extra_id_1>that is often misunderstood by native English speakers
<extra_id_2>that sounds reasonable to native English speakers
<extra_id_3>that sounds natural to some Chinese
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>Once there was a boy named Fritz who loved to draw. He drew everything. In the morning, he drew a picture of his cereal with milk. His papa said, "Don't draw your cereal. Eat it!" After school, Fritz drew a picture of his bicycle. His uncle said, "Don't draw your bicycle. Ride it!" At nighttime, after he finished washing his face, he drew a picture of the toothpaste on the sink. His mama said, "Don't draw the toothpaste. Brush your teeth!" One day Fritz got a splinter in his foot. It hurt. He wanted to take the splinter out. But first, he drew a picture of his foot with the splinter in it. He said, "Now I can remember what my foot looks like with a splinter in it." Then he took the splinter out all by himself. He told his friend Stephen that he took the splinter out all by himself. Stephen did not believe him. Fritz showed him the picture. Then Stephen believed him. What did Fritz's mama and papa want him to do?
<extra_id_0>Eat his cereal and brush his teeth.
<extra_id_1>Ride his bicycle and wash his face.
<extra_id_2>Ride his bicycle and brush his teeth.
<extra_id_3>Wash his face and eat his cereal.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>Tom likes chocolates very much,but his mother doesn't give him chocolates , because they're bad for his teeth,she thinks. But Tom has a very nice grandfather. The old man loves his grandson very much and sometimes he buys Tom some chocolates. Then his mother lets him eat them,because she wants to make the old man happy. On Sunday evening,it is Tom's birthday. He says,"Please,God ,let them give me a big box of chocolates for my birthday."His mother says,"God can't hear you. Don't shout.""I know,"says the clever boy with a smile."But Grandfather is in the next room,and he can." Which one is right?
<extra_id_0>Tom is clever.
<extra_id_1>Tom doesn't like his mother.
<extra_id_2>Tom's mother doesn't love him.
<extra_id_3>The boy is a good student.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>Advertising is a form of communication that typically attempts to persuade potential customers to purchase or to consume more of a particular brand of product or service. Many advertisements are designed to produce increased consumption of those products and services through the creation and reinforcement of "brand image" and "brand loyalty". For these purposes, advertisements sometimes fixes their persuasive message with fact-based information. Every major medium is used to deliver these messages, including television, radio, cinema, magazines, newspapers, video games, the Internet and billboards. Advertising is often placed by an advertising agency on behalf of a company or other organization. Organizations that frequently spend large sums of money on advertising that sells what is not, strictly speaking, a product or service include political parties, interest groups, religious organizations, and military recruiters. Non-profit organizations are not typical advertising customers, and may rely on free modes of persuasion, such as public service announcements. Advertising spending has increased greatly in recent years. In 2006, spending on advertising has been estimated at $155 billion in the United States and $385 billion worldwide , and the latter to be over $500 billion by 2010. While advertising can be seen as necessary for economic growth, it is not without social costs. Unsolicited commercial email and other forms of spam have become so widespread as to have become a major trouble to users of these services, as well as being a financial burden on internet service providers. Advertising is increasingly invading public spaces, such as schools, which some critics argue is a form of child exploitation . In 2006,the countries worldwide except spent about _ billion dollars on advertising.
<extra_id_0>500
<extra_id_1>155
<extra_id_2>385
<extra_id_3>230
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>Maybe you often have arguments with your parens about clothes , homework,friends and many other things. But what's going on when your parents fight with each other? Most teenagers feel sad or afraid when their parents fight. They might think their parents don't love each other any more and that their arguments will lead to a divorce . In fact, it is normal for parents to disagree and argue sometimes. They might disagree about important things like jobs and family decisions. They might even disagree about little things that don't seem important at all---like what's for dinner. Maybe sometimes parents feel so strongly about their differences that it may lead to arguments. However, these arguments are often over quickly. Parents may say sorry and _ ,and the family returns to normal. As a family member, you should find out what it really means when your parents fight. When your parents get angry with each other, they might say things they don't really mean.Most people may lose their cool, so if your parents are fighting, don't worry too much about it. Try to find a good way to solve it . If your parents' fighting really bothers you, you might find it hard to sleep or go to school. If this happens, try talking to your parents about their behavior. They may not even realize it until you tell them how their arguments has affected you. You can also tell other relatives, a teacher or a close friend. Just remember that no family is perfect and arguments are common in every family. Which is NOT mentioned about the arguments between parents and teenagers?
<extra_id_0>Homework.
<extra_id_1>Friends.
<extra_id_2>Jobs
<extra_id_3>Clothes
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>Lily is ten years old . One morning her good friend MeiMei says to her, " Next Friday is my birthday. Would you like to come to my birthday party?" Lily says " Yes, I would like to". On Friday, Lily asks her mother, " Can I go to MeiMei's birthday party" "Yes, but you must be polite .and I want you to sing a song for your friend." "Ok. Mum" Lily answers and goes to MeiMei's home on foot. Then she buys a toy for MeiMei. At the party there are many children. Some are dancing . Some are talking. Some are playing cards. And Lily is singing an English song .There are some apples , oranges , bread , and a big birthday cake with eleven candles on it . The children sit around the cake. MeiMei makes a silent wish, and then blows the candles out in one breath. The children have a good time. Then Lily goes home by bus. How does Lily go home?
<extra_id_0>She walks home
<extra_id_1>She takes a car
<extra_id_2>She rides a bike
<extra_id_3>She takes a bus
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>Typhoons in the northern part of the world have girls' names.Sometimes they have very beautiful names.Rose is a pretty name but there was nothing pretty about Typhoon Rose.It was the worst typhoon to hit Hong Kong in ten years. It began to rain in the morning of Monday, August 16th, 1971.At ten o'clock in the morning, Typhoon Rose was still 130 miles away but already the wind was blowing people's umbrella away.The wind became stronger and stronger.The typhoon shelters were soon full of boats.Ships that were too big to go inside the shelters put down more anchors .Some very big ships went out to sea.It is safer for a big ship to be at sea in a typhoon because it cannot be blown onto rocks.Kai Tak Airport closed.No planes were able to take off or land.At 9:00 in the evening, all the lights went out. No one slept well that night.It is difficult to sleep in such bad weather. In Typhoon Rose, more than one hundred people died.229 people were hurt and 66 of these had to go to hospital.1500 lost their homes.The people of Hong Kong will not quickly forget Typhoon Rose! What's true according to the passage?
<extra_id_0>Typhoons all over the world have girls' names.
<extra_id_1>Typhoons with pretty names are usually beautiful.
<extra_id_2>Typhoon Rose only hit Hong Kong.
<extra_id_3>For ten years, people in Hong Kong haven't seen a worse typhoon than Typhoon Rose.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>Testing has taken the place of teaching in most public schools. Pretests, drills, tests, and retests. They know that the best way to read a textbook is to look at the questions at the end of the chapter and then read the text quickly for the answers. I believe that my daughter Erica, who gets excellent marks, has never read a chapter of any of her school textbooks all the way through. And teachers are often heard to say proudly and openly that they teach to the test. Teaching to the test is a curious phenomenon . Instead of deciding what skills students ought to learn, helping students learn them, and then using some methods of assessment to discover whether students have mastered the skills, teachers are encouraged to teach the students in the opposite way. First one looks at a test. Then one chooses the skills needed not to master reading, but to do well in the test. Finally, the test skills are taught. The ability to read or write might suggest the ability to do reasonably well on standardized tests. However, neither reading nor writing develops simply through being taught to take tests. We must be careful to avoid mistaking preparations for a test of a skill with the acquisition of that skill. Too many discussions of basic skills make this misunderstanding because people are tested rather than concerned with the nature and quality of what is taught. Recently, many schools have faced what could be called the crisis of comprehension or, in simple words, the phenomenon of students with grammar skills still being unable to understand what they read. These students are quite good at test taking and filling in workbooks. However, they have little or no experience reading or thinking, and talking about what they read. They know the details but can't see or understand the whole. They are taught to be so concerned with grades that they have no time to think about meaning, and reread things if necessary. In the author's opinion, _ .
<extra_id_0>some good methods of assessment should take the place of tests
<extra_id_1>more attention should be paid to the nature and quality of what is taught
<extra_id_2>students should not be concerned with grades but do more reading and thinking
<extra_id_3>students needn't learn grammar skills because they are useless for understanding
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>Many animals do strange things before an earthquake . This news may be important. Earthquakes can kill people and knock down homes. The animals may help to save lives. Some animals make a lot of noise before an earthquake. Farmers have told about this. Dogs that are usually quiet have started to howl . Horses on farms have run around in circles. Mice have left their holes and run away. Cows have given less milk. In a town in Italy, cats raced down the street in a group. That happened only a few hours before an earthquake. In San Francisco, a man kept tiny pet frogs. One Sunday, the frogs jumped around more than ever. They made loud noises, like bigger frogs. That night, an earthquake struck the city. People want to know when an earthquake is coming. Then they could get away safely. Right now, there is no sure way to know ahead of time. Maybe the best way is to watch the animals. There have been earthquakes in _ .
<extra_id_0>most countries
<extra_id_1>Italy and San Francisco
<extra_id_2>Chicago and Spain
<extra_id_3>all the western countries
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>In the lab, students are working with substances that could cause burns. Which of these safety precautions is most important to follow?
<extra_id_0>Sinks are empty.
<extra_id_1>Glassware is clean.
<extra_id_2>Eye protection is worn.
<extra_id_3>Electrical equipment is off.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>Women consistently lie on social networking sites such as Facebook or Twitter to make their lives appear more exciting, a survey has found. The survey was asked to carried out by Pencourage, a new anonymous "diary-style" social media website. Researchers found that at least one in four women exaggerated or twisted what they are doing on social media once a month. The survey of 2000 women found they mostly pretended to be out on the town, when in fact they are home alone, and beautify about an exotic holiday or their job. The most common reasons for women to write _ included worrying their lives would seem " boring", jealousy at seeing other people's more exciting posts and wanting to impress their friends and acquaintances. Psychologists suggested that as people attempt to stay connected on social media, they can in fact be left more isolated. They also said that the more we try to make our lives seem perfect, the less perfect we feel. According to the OnePoll survey, one third of women surveyed admitted to dishonesty on social media sites such as Facebook and Twitter at some stage. Almost one in four admitted to lying or exaggerating about key aspects of their life online between one and three times a month while almost one in 10 said they lied more than once a week. Nearly 30 percent of women lied about "doing something when I am home alone", almost a quarter overstated their alcohol consumption while one in five were not truthful about their holiday activities or their jobs. Almost one in five women even lied about their "relationship status". "We work very hard presenting ourselves to the world online, pretending and attempting to be happy all the time which is exhausting and ultimately unfulfilling," said Dr Michael Sinclair, a leading British consultant psychologist. "Leaving out the less desirable imperfections of our lives from the conversations with our 'friends online leads to less opportunity to feel empathized with, resulting in a greater sense of disconnection from others. " In Dr Michael Sinclair's opinion, _ .
<extra_id_0>we don't have to feel empathized with our "friends" online
<extra_id_1>we cannot get satisfaction by lying on social networking sites
<extra_id_2>it is worthwhile to work hard presenting ourselves to the world online
<extra_id_3>the imperfections of our lives result in a sense of disconnection from others
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>It's time you started eating sensibly. Experts at the first Chinese Students Nutrition and Health Festival in Kunming last week listed eight bad eating habits. *Watching television while having meals or snacks. Doing this means you don't pay attention to your food, forget how full you are, and so overeat. It can also cause digestion diseases. One way to avoid this is only to eat in certain areas of your home. * Replacing meals with snacks. Many students think that eating small snacks can help them diet. But it often results in overeating and health problems related to a lack of vegetables, carbohydrates ,proteins and vitamins. Snacking only works if it is well planned and includes healthy foods such as nuts, vegetables, fruit and yogurt. *Having drinks rather than water. Fizzy drinks and fruit juice are usually high in calories and sugar, which can cause weight problems. Water is important in making your brain cells and every organ in your body work properly. For your body to burn fat, it needs at least eight glasses of pure water a day. Liquids like soda and coffee actually take water away from your body. *Refusing to drink milk. Milk is the best natural food--it provides you with protein, which makes your bones strong and teeth healthy. * Choosing meat and certain vegetables over others. Different foods provide different kinds of nutrition. If you don't have a balanced diet, this can result in malnutrition and a weaker body. *Eating in front of the computer and staying there after meals. Take a walk after eating and it helps your stomach digest the meal. *Buying from roadside snack bars. If you shop at these places, be careful--many are not clean enough. * Eating throat tablets as if they were sweets. If you eat throat tablets when you have no throat disease, they may affect the bacteria in your mouth and cause real throat problems. _ can possibly cause digestion problem.
<extra_id_0>Eating while sitting in front of TV or computer
<extra_id_1>Eating throat tablets as if they were sweets.
<extra_id_2>Choosing certain kinds of food over others.
<extra_id_3>Buying from roadside snack bars.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>A small ,white envelope stuck among the branches of our Christmas tree and it has been there for the past ten years or so. It all began because my husband Justin hated Christmas--oh, not the true meaning of Christmas.Overspending was one thing, but compared to the difficult experience of choosing gifts--running around at the last minute to get a tie for Uncle Harry and a pair of gloves for Grandma...,spending money is nothing. I felt too tired to think of any special gifts. Knowing Justin felt the same way, I decided one year not to buy the usual shirts, sweaters, ties and so on. I reached for something special just for Justin. The inspiration came in an unusual way. Our son Kevin, who was 12 that year, was wrestling at the junior level at the school he attended; and shortly before Christmas, there was a match against a team sponsored by an inner-city church.These youngsters, dressed in such worn-out shoes that shoe strings seemed to be the only thing holding them together, while our boys were in their blue and gold uniforms and new wrestling shoes. As the match began, I was shocked to see that the other team were wrestling without wearing helmets to protect their ears. Well, our boys ended up defeating them. We took every weight class. Justin, seated beside me, shook his head sadly, "I wish just one of them could have won," he said. "They have a lot potential , but losing like this could take the heart out of them." Justin loved kids--all kids, and he knew them, having coached little league football and baseball. That's when the idea for his present came. That afternoon, I went to a local sporting goods store and bought different kinds of wrestling helmets and shoes. I sent them to inner-city church without leaving my name. On Christmas Eve, I placed the envelope on the tree, the note inside telling Justin what I had done and that was his gift from me. His smile was the brightest thing about Christmas that year and since then the envelope has become the highlight of our Christmas. How did Justin feel about the team's failure ?
<extra_id_0>Upset
<extra_id_1>Angry
<extra_id_2>Hopeless
<extra_id_3>Shameful
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>Chemical pesticides are sometimes sprayed on crops to kill insects that eat the crops. People have different viewpoints about the use of pesticides on crops. What might be a concern about using pesticides on the crops?
<extra_id_0>Will the food ripen?
<extra_id_1>Will the food stay fresh?
<extra_id_2>Will the food harm humans?
<extra_id_3>Will the food harm bugs in the home?
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>Sustainable management is seen as a practical and economical way of protecting species from dying out. Instead of depending on largely ineffective laws against poaching , it gives local people a good economic reason to preserve plants and animals. In Zimbabwe, for instance, there is a sustainable management project to protect elephants. Foreign tourists pay large sums of money to kill these animals for sports. This money is then given to the inhabitants of the area where the hunting takes place. In theory, locals will be encouraged to protect elephants, instead of poaching them because of the economic benefit involved. This sounds like a sensible strategy, but it remains to be seen whether it will work. With corruption in these developing countries, some observers are skeptical that the money will actually reach the people it is intended for. Others wonder how effective the locals will be at stopping poachers. There are also questions about whether sustainable management is practical when it comes to protecting forests. In theory, the principle should be the same as with elephants --- allow logging companies to cut down certain number of trees, but not so many as to completely destroy the forest. Sustainable management of forests requires controls on the number of trees which are cut down, as well as investment in replacing them. Because almost all tropical forests are located in countries which desperately need funds from logging, there are few regulations and motive to do this. One solution might be to confirm wood comes from sustainably managed forests. In theory, consumers would buy only this wood and so force logging companies to _ or go out of business. Unfortunately, unrestricted logging is so much more profitable that wood prices from managed forests would cost up to five times more --- an increase that consumers, no matter how "green", are unlikely to pay. Which of the following statements is true in understanding the "sustainable management"?
<extra_id_0>Sustainable management is usually used in commercial units.
<extra_id_1>Sustainable management is more powerful than laws.
<extra_id_2>We will probably meet many problems in the course of applying sustainable management.
<extra_id_3>It is likely that sustainable management will replace the laws in protecting living things.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>Many studies have been carried out to discover the benefits of listening to and playing music. The growing field of "music treatment" is presenting increasing amounts of proof that point to the great powers of music. Emotional benefits The right song can put anybody in a better state. Most people turn to certain songs to make them feel better. The main reason behind this is that music can express our feelings better than any other medium. In addition, we have favorite songs for particular situations because we turn to the music which has the best effect on us. Music and exercise Have you ever noticed how out of breath you get when listening to an exciting song while doing exercises at the gym? It has been suggested that exciting music can actually increase muscle tension , while light music does the opposite. It has also been proved that music can improve motor skills. An experiment done on a group of pupils proved that children learning basic motor skills such as throwing ,catching and jumping while listening to music did better than those with no music. Chronic pain relief Music also has the ability to reduce chronic pain. In fact, according to a paper published in the Journal of Advanced Nursing, music can reduce chronic pain by 21%. The paper reports that 60 patients in an experiment were divided into two groups--one group listened to music, and the other did not. The results showed that people who listened to music for an hour each day for a week improved physically and psychologically while those who did not listen to music did not. If we want to relax our muscles , we should choose
<extra_id_0>rock and roll
<extra_id_1>some exciting songs
<extra_id_2>light music
<extra_id_3>classical songs
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>Since Henry Ford turned it into a mass-market product a century ago, the car has delivered many benefits. It has promoted economic growth, increased social mobility and given people a lot of fun. But the car has also brought many problems. It pollutes the air, creates traffic jams and kills people. An astonishing 1.24 million people die, and as many as 50 million are hurt, in road accidents each year. Drivers and passengers waste around 90 billion hours in traffic jams each year. In some car-choked cities as much as a third of the petrol used is burned by people looking for a space to park. Fortunately, a new technology promises to make motoring safer, less polluting and less tendency to hold-ups. "Connected cars"--which may eventually develop into driverless cars but for the foreseeable future will still have a human at the wheel-can communicate wirelessly with each other and with traffic-management systems, avoid walkers and other vehicles and find open parking spots. Some parts of the transformation are already in place. Many new cars are already being fitted with equipment that lets them keep their distance and stay in a motorway automatically at a range of speeds. Soon, all new cars in Europe will have to be able to warn the emergency services if their on-board sensors discover a crash. Singapore has led the way with using variable tolls to smooth traffic flows during rush-hours; Britain is pioneering "smart motorways", whose speed limits vary constantly to achieve _ . Combined, these new inventions could create a much more highly effective system in which cars and their drivers are constantly warned of dangers and showed the ways, traffic always flows at the proper speed and vehicles can travel closer together, yet with less risk of crashing. In the past, more people driving meant more roads, more jams, more death and more pollution. In future, the connected car could offer mankind the pleasures of the road with rather less of the pain. What is the author's attitude towards connected cars?
<extra_id_0>Curious.
<extra_id_1>Doubtful.
<extra_id_2>Supportive.
<extra_id_3>Disappointed.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>Listed here are four of the thousands of impressive museums around the world. The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao in Bilbao, Spain Built in 1997, the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao is one of the newest in the world. It has transformed the industrial city of Bilbao into a travelers' desired destination. The beautiful architecture of the museum has provided a dramatic background for movies and commercials. The Louvre in Paris, France Probably the most famous Louvre also holds the most famous painting in the world, the"Mona Lisa"by Leonardo da Vinci. Crowds can be found any day surrounding the small, but mysterious painting of the smiling woman. But, the Louvre is much more than a home to the"Mona Lisa". The Louvre is visited by more people each year than any other museum in the world. The Barnes Foundation in Philadelphia, America Just opened in its new downtown location in 2012, the Barnes Foundation is unique in that it is a completely reproduced display from one man's private collection. Dr. Albert C. Barnes started collecting art in the early 20th century and collected, among others, the largest number of original Renoir paintings in the world. The Uffizi Gallery in Florence, Italy Walking on the marbled floors feels like stepping back in time. The building itself is a beautiful palace-like structure with frescoes decorating the ceilings and walls. Viewers are bowled over by the works by Botticelli, such as"The Birth of Venus". Classic artworks from nearly 1,000 years ago describe religious events of the time. What type of writing is this text?
<extra_id_0>An activity poster.
<extra_id_1>An exhibition announcement.
<extra_id_2>An art show review.
<extra_id_3>A travel guide.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>In recent years,American students have fallen behind in many subjects like math,science and reading. In 2005,the U.S. was number nine among the developed countries in the number of students graduating from high school. American education officials are searching for new ways to help students learn again. One tool that is getting some attention is the use of video games. Sixteenyearold John Diaz says he loves playing video games but doesn't like traditional schoolwork. During his summer vacation,Diaz is continuing his studies at home. That is because his courses are available on his home computer. Florida Virtual School's head master,Julie Young,says the school teaches students with the technology they most enjoy using in and out of school."We have so many students who feel free in our school," Young said, "They lose interest when they go to school. And we're very hopeful that Conspiracy Code will attract the learners to really get into the detail of learning." Conspiracy Code is a video game that teaches U.S. history. Students guide two heroes in a quest to stop a conspiracy to change the past. Along the way,students learn about events such as the Civil War,and report back to their teacher who is a spy . John Diaz says he enjoys American history now."I like to do the game every day," he said. Conspiracy Code is a video game that _ .
<extra_id_0>introduces the ways of finding a spy
<extra_id_1>teaches students American history
<extra_id_2>helps students learn computers
<extra_id_3>trains people to become heroes
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>Up to 90% of school leavers in major Asian cities are suffering from myopia ---short-sightedness, a study suggests. Researchers say the "extraordinary rise" in the problem is being caused by students working very hard in school and missing out on outdoor light. Eye experts say that you are short-sighted if your vision is blurred beyond 2m. It is often caused by an elongation of the eyeball that happens when people are young. According to the research, the problem is being caused by a combination of factors - a commitment to education and lack of outdoor light. Professor Morgan who led this study argues that many children in South East Asia spend long hours studying at school and doing their homework. This in itself puts pressure on the eyes, but exposure to between two and three hours of daylight helps maintain healthy eyes. Cultural factors also seem to play a part. Across many parts of South East Asia, children often have a lunchtime nap. According to Professor Morgan they are missing out on natural light to prevent short-sightedness. A big concern is the numbers of the students suffering from "high" myopia. One in five of these students could experience severe visual impairment and even blindness. These people are at considerable risk--sometimes people are not told about it and are just given more powerful glasses--they need to be warned about the risk and given some self-testing measures so they can get to an ophthalmologist and get some help. For decades, researchers believed there was a strong genetic component to the condition. But this study strongly suggests an alternative view. "Any type of simple genetic explanation just doesn't fit with that speed of change; gene pools just don't change in two generations. Whether it's a purely environmental effect or an environmental effect playing a sensitive genome, it really doesn't matter, the thing that's changed is not the gene pool---it's the environment." Which of the following statements do you think agrees with Professor Morgan?
<extra_id_0>A lunchtime nap is helpful in reducing myopia.
<extra_id_1>Glasses keep myopia from getting even worse.
<extra_id_2>It's necessary to treat myopia with an operation.
<extra_id_3>It's of vital importance to reduce educational pressure.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>Which event is most likely to increase the genetic variation in a population of organisms?
<extra_id_0>improved hunting techniques
<extra_id_1>greater environmental stress
<extra_id_2>increased immigration
<extra_id_3>introduced predators
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>She must be the wisest woman on this planet, for she has lived up to the three words "Seize the moment". Too many people put off something that brings them joy just because they haven't thought about it, or because they are unwilling to try something new. My sister died a few years ago. We never did have lunch together. I can't remember how many times I was refused when I called her to go to lunch. She would say to me: "I can't. I have clothes on the line." "My hair is dirty. I wish I had known yesterday." "I had a late breakfast." "It looks like rain." Only after her death did I choose to be a little more flexible. Life is not made up of thing that you do at a particular time, but it demands variety and adventure. As we grow older, the list of promises made to ourselves may get longer. Perhaps one morning, when we awaken, we will find to our surprise that our life is full of "I'm going to", "I plan to" and "Someday, when things are settled down a bit." My seize-the-moment friend is open to adventure and ready at any moment to make a new start. She keeps an open mind about new ideas. Her great interest in life is _ . With her around you, you may trade your bad feet for good shoes. I have not touched ice cream for 10 years. The other day, I stopped off and bought a triple-decker. If my car had hit an iceberg on the way home, I would have died happy. The passage suggests that the author's sister _ .
<extra_id_0>was very busy with her work
<extra_id_1>died a very happy person
<extra_id_2>always did things in a fixed order
<extra_id_3>was the wisest woman in the world
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>I' m Eric. Welcome to our classroom. You can see a nice classroom. A blackboard is on the wall. A map of China and a map of the world are on the wall, too. The map of China is old. But the map of the world is new. There is a teacher's desk. An eraser and a ruler are on it. There are two doors in the wall. Some brooms and a football are behind the door. Fifty desks and chairs are in our classroom. They are our desks and chairs. That is a bookcase. And some books are in it. The students can read them after class but can't _ any of them out. Some flowers are near the window. They are red. We like our classroom. We like our class, too. Where is the eraser?
<extra_id_0>In Eric's schoolbag.
<extra_id_1>On Eric's desk.
<extra_id_2>On the teacher's desk.
<extra_id_3>Under the teacher's desk.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>The police use computers. They save all the information on the computer. So the police can often check the information. And they can also visit some websites and get more information to catch criminals on the Internet. Scientists today have computers for their work. They can do their work easily and quickly with the help of computers. Today in many schools, there is a computer room. Children can have their lessons with computers. For example, computers give questions on the screen of the monitor in front of the children and the children answer them with keyboards . A computer can do many things. With the computer, we can write novels, listen to music, draw pictures, play computer games, make friends, send emails and download information and so on. In the future, we may use computers for more things. But it can't take the place of man. We can think but it can't. The computer can do many things for us. But it can't _ .
<extra_id_0>write novels
<extra_id_1>draw pictures
<extra_id_2>listen to music
<extra_id_3>think
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>Almost all cultures celebrate the end of one year and the beginning of another in some way. Different cultures celebrate the beginning of a new year in different ways, and at different times on the calendar. In Western countries, people usually celebrate New Year at midnight on January 1st. People may go to parties, dress in formal clothes -- like tuxedos and evening gowns, and drink champagne at midnight. During the first minutes of the New Year, people cheer and wish each other happiness for the year ahead. But some cultures prefer to celebrate the New Year by waking up early to watch the sun rise. They welcome the New Year with the first light of the sunrise. It is also a common Western custom to make a New Year's promise, called a resolution. New Year's resolutions usually include promises to try something new or change a bad habit in the new year. Many cultures also do special things to get rid of bad luck at the beginning of a new year. For example, in Ecuador, families make a big doll from old clothes. The doll is filled with old newspapers and firecrackers. At midnight, these dolls are burned to show the bad things from the past year are gone and the new year can start afresh (again). Other common traditions to keep away bad luck in a new year include throwing things into rivers or the ocean, or saying special things on the first day of the new year. Other New Year traditions are followed to bring good luck is to eat grapes on New Year's Day. The more grapes a person eats , the more good luck the person will have in the year. In France, people eat pancakes for good luck at New Year. In the United States, some people eat black-eyed peas for good luck -- but to get good luck for a whole year you have to eat 365 of them! Which culture celebrates New Year in the morning?
<extra_id_0>The passage doesn't say.
<extra_id_1>Spain.
<extra_id_2>France.
<extra_id_3>The United States.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>Even people who don't understand English can enjoy Chaplin's films because they are mostly silent. It isn't what he says that makes us laugh. It depends upon actions which mean the same thing to people all over the world. He is _ of the art - a kind of world language. As a young man, he and his brother traveled to America in a small company of actors. Chaplin was then invited to join a new company that was making film comedies. Very soon he had made dozens of short films for this company. And it was in his second film that he wore the clothes which made his reputation - black hat, tight coat, baggy trousers, huge shoes, moustache and walking stick. He intended simply to make people laugh. But the odd make-up made him look both comic and sad. By the time he was thirty, Chaplin was the greatest, best known and best loved comedian in the world. He received thousands of dollars for each film he made. He had formed his own manner of acting. He was welcomed by excited crowds wherever he went. But he worked very hard and had few close friends. Perhaps that is why the sad side of the little tramp began to show more clearly in the films he made. The little man began to want more than food and a roof over his head. He began to want love. In one of his most famous films "The Gold Rush" a girl plays tricks on the little man. Then she begins to feel sorry for him and treats him kindly. He mistakes her pity for love. The girl in "City Lights" is blind. She thinks he is the most wonderful man she has ever met. But then she recovers her sight and sees what a foolish figure he is. This sadness gives Chaplin's films a depth of human experience which few comedians can equal. After living in America for forty years he moved to Switzerland. There he died on Christmas Day 1977. He once described himself as a citizen of famous pictures that were made during the 1920s and 1930s, the time of the silent films. But, to many people all over the world Chaplin will always be the king of comedy. We may infer that films with sound probably came into being _ .
<extra_id_0>after the 1920s and 1930s
<extra_id_1>in the 1930s
<extra_id_2>in the 1970s
<extra_id_3>after the 1930s
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>(1) Secretary. Part time. 20 hours a week. Busy doctor's office. Experience preferred. Good typing. Call 555-2438. (2) BABY SITTER. 3 to 6 weekday afternoons. I will take you home. $5 an hour, call 555-5593. (3) Guitar lessons. Your home or mine. Experienced musician. Master's degree in music. Call Louise 555-6131. (4) TENTH STREET BLOCK PAKTY. Sunday. July 15. Noon to 8. Food, games, prizes, live band. Tenth Street between Main and North. (5) APARTMENT FOR RENT. 3 sunny rooms on high floor, great view. Separate kitchen. Wall-to-wall carpeting. The living room can be used as dining room. Email: SDGT@163.com.net (6) TAXI DRIVER WANTED. Full or part time. Experience necessary. A good knowledge of the city is required. Call 555-8860 between 9am and 5pm weekdays. (7) A stereo system for sale. It has two speakers. The system has an AM/FM radio. It also has a tape deck and turntable. It is in good condition. The stereo was owned for only one year. The price is $ 200 including the speakers. The owner will also take the highest price offered if the asking price is not met. Call Bill after 6pm at 555-9834. We may learn from the ads above that _ .
<extra_id_0>a baby-sitter is paid by the hour
<extra_id_1>the party will be held without any music
<extra_id_2>the rooms for rent cannot get good sunlight
<extra_id_3>people can get guitar lessons at any place they like
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>Miss Li is my English teacher. She is from Shanghai. She has one English class every day. Oh, no! She has two English classes on Tuesday. Miss Li has two daughters. One is in our class, Class Two. Sally likes sports. She plays soccer every day. Her favorite soccer player is Ronaldo from Brazil . Sally's twin sister Susan is in Class One. She doesn't like any subjects. She doesn't like to do her homework. She only likes playing with her friend, Jeff. Jeff is a white cat. We can know Ronaldo is a (n) _ from the passage .
<extra_id_0>English teacher
<extra_id_1>student
<extra_id_2>soccer player
<extra_id_3>actor
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>Which uses gills to breathe?
<extra_id_0>hermit crab
<extra_id_1>human
<extra_id_2>blue whale
<extra_id_3>bluebird
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>Londoners are great readers. They buy vast numbers of newspapers and magazines and of books -- especially paperbacks , which are still comparatively cheap in spite of ever-increasing rises in the costs of printing. They still continue to buy "proper" books, too, printed on good paper and bound between hard covers. There are many streets in London containing shops which specialize in book-selling. Perhaps the best known of these is Charring Cross Road in the very heart of London. Here bookshops of all sorts and sizes are to be found, from the celebrated one which boasts of being "the biggest bookshop in the world" to the tiny, dusty little places which seem to have been left over from Dickens' time. Some of these shops stock , or will obtain, any kind of book, but many of them specialize in second-hand books, in art books, in foreign books, in books on philosophy, politics or any other of the myriad subjects about which books may be written. One shop in this area specializes only in books about ballet! Although it may be the most convenient place for Londoners to buy books, Charring Cross Road is not the cheapest. For the really cheap second-hand volumes, the collector must venture off the beaten track, to Farringdon Road, for example, in the East Central district of London. Here there is nothing so impressive as bookshops. Instead, the booksellers come along each morning and pour out their sacks of books onto small barrows which line the gutters . And the collectors, some professionals and some amateurs , have been waiting for them. In places like this one can still, occasionally, pick up for a few pence an old volume that may be worth many pounds. The book sellers on Farringdon Road _ .
<extra_id_0>keep fine bookshops
<extra_id_1>keep only small bookshops
<extra_id_2>sell books on hand-carts
<extra_id_3>sell the same books as the bookshops on Charring Cross Road
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>Jack Green is 75 years old. He is not in good condition. "I think I'm ill," he tells his wife, "I feel awful. I've got a headache and I don't feel like eating." "You've put on a lot of weight recently. You should see the doctor," his wife says, "ask him how to lose weight. It's not good for your health." "OK," says Jack. He goes to see a doctor. The doctor checks his heart and weighs him. Then he says, "You are too heavy. You need to do some excercise to lose about 30 kilograms. Run two miles a day for the next 100 days. Then call and tell me your weight." A week later, the doctor receives a call from Jack. "Doctor, I ran two miles every day and I feel much better. But I have a new problem." "What's that?" asks the doctor. "I'm 14 miles away from home, and I can't find my way back." Choose the right answer according to the passage. Why does Jack feel awful?
<extra_id_0>Because he is in good condition.
<extra_id_1>Because he has a headache.
<extra_id_2>Because he feels like eating.
<extra_id_3>Because he works hard.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>Wax is on some plant leaves for what reason?
<extra_id_0>stay moist for warm weather
<extra_id_1>keep water available for predators
<extra_id_2>keep the hydration inside
<extra_id_3>creation of toxins in the cells
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>You might think the largest library in the world would be in Europe. But it isn't. It's in Washington D.C. It's called the Library of Congress. President John Adams started the library in 1800 for members of Congress. He wanted them to be able to read books about law. The first 740 books were bought in England. They were simply set up in the room where Congress met. Then Thomas Jefferson sold Congress many of his own books. He felt Congress should have books on all subjects, not just on law. This idea changed the library forever. The library grew and grew. Now it covers a large area of land. It contains20million books as well as many pictures, movies, globes and machines. Experts in every field work there. Hundreds of people call every day with all kinds of questions. Many of them get answers right over the phone. The library is a huge storehouse. Thomas Edison's first movie and Houdini's magic books are preserved there. And it is the proud owner of the world's best collection of humorous books. Thomas Jefferson's opinion about the library was that_.
<extra_id_0>it should buy books on law
<extra_id_1>it should be the largest in the world
<extra_id_2>it should have books on all subjects
<extra_id_3>it should answer all kinds of questions
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>There's no doubt that man is the smartest. But do you know what other animals are smart, too? Dolphins Dolphins are very smart. Most of the "tricks" they're taught to do are actually behavior they would engage in on their own. They love to play, race and generally enjoy their life to the fullest. They speak a language we have yet to completely understand and like all civilized creatures, dolphins' mothers always provide their young children with guidance and possibly, love. Great apes The great ape family primarily consists of gorillas, chimpanzees and orangutans. Their brain chemistry is so similar to humans' that NASA once used chimpanzees in place of astronauts during many dangerous missions. Gorillas have been taught sign language and orangutans exist in complex familial relationships. Elephants Everyone has heard the phrase "an elephant never forgets". Elephants establish long-term friendships, recognizing and remembering their friends years later. If an elephant comes upon a fallen friend, it has even been known to feel sad. Parrots As proved by this list, parrots are very smart. They are also the only animals listed that can actually hold a conversation. Some parrots know hundreds of words by imitating humans. The birds are also capable of remembering words and using them intelligently in response to situations. According to the passage, the special characteristic of parrots is that _ .
<extra_id_0>they can use words remembered before to interact
<extra_id_1>they can imitate human beings by playing with them
<extra_id_2>they have the feeling of sadness when they see a dead bird
<extra_id_3>they can read people's minds through words they remember
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>Like any awards ceremony of its age, the Oscars, now in its 85th year, has been trying hard to change. So how did that go this year? When host Seth MacFarlane noted in his opening speech that it was the first time the Academy Awards had a theme, I thought: "well, that's a good start." But when he revealed that the theme was a tribute to(...) musicals, I was less sure. After all, it's not the first time that musicals have featured at the Oscars. In 2007, the cast of Dream-girls gave a special performance directed by movie director and musical veteran Bill Condon. Then there was the memorable 2009 show hosted by Hugh Jackman, who screams musicals. With Beyonce Knowles and Anne Hathaway, he performed several hit songs from move musical. And in 2010, how did Neil Patrick Harris introduce the hosts? By performing a musical number. So I guess the Oscars could have done better this year. But I must admit, there were more music performances in the three-and-a -half-hour show than ever before. This suggests the Oscars has dropped some of its arrogance and wants to offer audiences more entertainment. It's a timely move as the Golden Globes, also known as the "big party," has become a threat to the Oscars, stealing viewers and even its reputation. Just look at the Oscars' winning list this year. You can't blame the academy for wanting to stick it to the Golden Globes. While they hired Tina Fey and Amy Poehler to host the show--certainly more audience-friendly than MacFarlane-- and Bill Clinton was invited as a presenter, who did viewers get at the Oscars? The First Lady of the US, Michelle Obama. Way to go, Oscar! We know you're struggling to look fresh and young, but don't lose the pride and dignity that made you one biggest honor in the movie industry. Don't ever let that change. Which of the following is true of the Golden Globes?
<extra_id_0>It gave an award to the First Lady of the US, Michelle Obama.
<extra_id_1>Its host and hostess had better reputation.
<extra_id_2>It has become highly competitive with the Academy Awards.
<extra_id_3>It is more friendly to the audience.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>A new study said about 65 percent of the online payments last year were done with mobile devices. Along with the rapid growth of the online to offline business, the mobile payment has been further changing people's everyday life. According to findings published by Alipay, the mobile payment is more _ in China's underdeveloped areas. In Tibet, 83.3 percent of the online payments were done with mobile devices in 2015. The region was followed by Guizhou, Gansu, Shanxi and Qinghai. Nearly 80 percent of the mobile payments were done in these regions and provinces. Li Chao, a researcher from iResearch Consulting Group, said that the lack of traditional business was the main reason why people used mobile payment more often. Although people in developed areas in China used mobile payments less often, they spent much more money. The study showed that people in Shanghai spent more than 100,000 yuan(15,210dollars) on average through Alipay, becoming the top Alipay users in China in 2015. As more and more companies are entering the mobile payment field in China, such as mobile payments in convenience stores and movie theatres, online payment is sure to develop much more quickly. In the near future smartphones may replace wallets. Why did people in underdeveloped areas use mobile payments more often?
<extra_id_0>Because of the convenience of using computers.
<extra_id_1>Because of the poor traffic conditions.
<extra_id_2>Because of the lack of money.
<extra_id_3>Because of the lack of traditional business.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>Beloved teacher Michael Landsberry, a former Marine, died a hero at Sparks Middle School in Nevada on Monday in another tragic campus shooting. The 45-year-old was killed while trying to talk to the unidentified 12-year-old gunman, who later killed himself. "He was telling him to stop and put the gun down," student Jose Cazares told Today on Tuesday. "Then the kid, he yelled out, 'No!' Like, he was yelling at him, and he shot him. The teacher was calm, he was holding out his hand like, 'Put the gun in my hand.' " Students, parents and fellow teachers are calling Landsberry's actions heroic. Tom Robinson, vice chief with the Reno Police Department, also praised him, saying, "In my estimation, he is a hero. We do know he was trying to intervene (,)." Landsberry, who went by the nickname Batman, and coached sports teams at the middle school and neighboring high school, was remembered fondly on social media by many students. "It's just so sad knowing he left because he protected his students," one of the posts said, followed by another that read, "The sad part is this week it's his and his wife's anniversary and his daughter graduates from the military tomorrow." CNN reports that two students who were wounded by the shooter - who used a Ruger 9 mm semi-automatic handgun - are currently in stable condition in hospital. Authorities will not be releasing the identity of the shooter out of respect for his parents, but schoolmate Amaya Newton was shocked by his actions, calling the gunman "a really nice kid," adding, "He would make you smile when you were having a bad day." "Everybody wants to know why the shooter opened fire," Sparks vice chief Tom Miller said at a news conference. "That's the big question. The answer is we don't know right now, but we are trying to determine why." Which of the following is true according to the passage?
<extra_id_0>Landsberry and Marine were killed in the shooting.
<extra_id_1>Only Landsberry died in the shooting.
<extra_id_2>The shooter killed Landsberry and was later killed by the police.
<extra_id_3>No one knows why the shooter opened fire.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>It was the middle of third grade and I was not sure what had got into me. I lied about many things -- I lied that I had eaten all my dinner, when in fact I buried it in the trash can. I lied that I had made my bed, when clearly I had not. My lies were not hurting anyone, but for some reason I felt the need to tell lies on an impulse that didn't feel like my own. I was labeled a liar. One day my sisters and I were invited to spend the weekend with my aunt. We all loved it. She spoiled us with her time.And she was an amazing artist. She had cool pencils, erasers and other supplies that any young girl would love to get her hands on. Then it happened...someone took one of Aunt Kim's good art erasers and rubbed it across the entire top of the TV. The eraser ruined the shiny finish on the TV's casing. All the three of us were called into the TV room and asked to admit. Nobody did! Aunt Kim told us how disappointed she was. The next thing I knew was that she was on the phone with my parents and they were on their way to picking me up. It had to be me! I was the liar. I argued, but no one listened. And then before dinner there was a knock at the front door! Aunt Kim was standing there. It turned out my younger sister finally felt guilty! She admitted that she was the one who rubbed the eraser on the TV. I was invited back! A lie may take care of the present, but it has no future. No matter how big or small your lies are, once you are labeled a liar, earning trust takes a lot of work and time. What lesson did the author learn?
<extra_id_0>A bad beginning makes a bad ending.
<extra_id_1>A liar pays a lot to win trust again.
<extra_id_2>Lies can never change the fact.
<extra_id_3>An honest man will speak out.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>Do you have an emotional brain or a rational one? Researchers at Australia's Monash University have found actual difference in the brains of people who respond emotionally to others' feelings compared with those who respond more rationally. A study published in the journal NeuroImage has looked at whether people who have more brain cells in certain areas of the brain are better at certain types of empathy, according to Science Daily. Empathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person, and the two types investigated were cognitive empathy and affective empathy. "Every day people use empathy with, and without, their knowledge to get around in the social world," said Robert Eres from Monash University's School of Psychological Sciences. "We use it for communication, to build relationships, and to increase our understanding of others." "People who are high on affective empathy are often those who get quite fearful when watching a scary movie, or start crying during a sad scene. Those who have high cognitive empathy are those who are more rational, for example a psychologist helping someone," explained Eres. The results of the study showed that people with high scores for affective empathy had more gray matter in a part of the brain called the insula, found right in the "middle" of the brain. Those who scored higher for cognitive empathy had more in a part called the midcingulate cortex--an area above the corpus callosum, which connects the two halves of the brain. The discovery "raises new questions--like whether people could train themselves to have more empathy, and whether those areas of the brain would become larger if they did, or whether we can lose our ability to empathize if we don't use it enough", according to Science Daily. "In the future we want to investigate further by testing whether training people in empathy-related tasks can lead to changes in these brain areas. We also want to investigate if damage to these brain areas, as a result of a stroke for example, can lead to empathy problems." said Eres. Perhaps in the future we will all be able to empathize more with other people. Maybe you will cry at that sad movie after all! Which of the following statements might Robert Eres disagree with?
<extra_id_0>People use empathy when they are or aren't aware of it.
<extra_id_1>People tend to use empathy to build relationships or understand others.
<extra_id_2>People with higher affective empathy feel heart-broken when watching sad movies.
<extra_id_3>People who are more rational have been found to have more gray matter in their brains.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>What might you use for heat?
<extra_id_0>an ice cube
<extra_id_1>a mini flashlight
<extra_id_2>snow
<extra_id_3>glaciers
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>HOUSTON (AP) --- A 10-year-old boy fatally shot his father Friday, striking him several times as he sat in the front seat of a SUV to pick up the boy from his mother's home for a weekend visit. The incident happened about 3pm on a cul-desac in the 1700 block of Cedar Cove Court, said Sgt. Williams of the Harris County Sheriff's Department. An investigation found that Rick James Lohstroh, 41, was shot by his son, who was sitting in the back seat of the man's Toyota 4-Runner, said Sgt. Williams. The shooting took place outside the home of Lohstroh's ex-wife, where the boy lives with his mother and a 7-year-old brother. "We're not certain of anything until we finish our investigation," Williams said. "The information we have at this time is that the 10-year-old did fire the weapon." The mother and the 7-year-old were inside the house when the shooting occurred, said Williams. Williams said the gun belonged to the boy's mother. After firing shots through the back seat, the boy exited the back of the vehicle and continued to fire at the car. The man died on the way to Memorial Herman Hospital. Lohstroh was a doctor at the University of Texas Medical Branch. The man and woman shared custody of the children. Williams said the mother and the boy were still in the home talking to investigators Friday night. Neighbors described the family as being quiet and keeping to themselves. Justin Gray, 17, was walking in the neighborhood when he heard gunshots. "We've had a suicide in this neighborhood once, but never anything like this," Gray said. The reason why the boy shot his father _ .
<extra_id_0>is clear
<extra_id_1>can't be made out
<extra_id_2>is unknown
<extra_id_3>is quite simple
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>In this school, most students come from rich families and some of them have famous parents. People from Hollywood sometimes go to Beverly Hills High School to look for future actors. School life There are lots of good things about going to this school: There are two theatres, a television studio and a radio station. The students make TV programmes and films in their drama classes. The biggest activity of the school year is the school dance. Travelling to school In California, children can learn to drive three months before their sixteenth birthday. Lots of students in Beverly Hills High School have their own cars, but they have to pay a lot of money to park their cars in the school parking area. What the children think Most children enjoy going to Beverly Hills High School because it is fun and there is much to do. But some children do not like the school if their parents don't have enough money to buy them a fast car or expensive clothes. Lots of students in this school come to school _ .
<extra_id_0>by bike
<extra_id_1>by car
<extra_id_2>by plane
<extra_id_3>on foot
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>Which of the following climates has cold winters and hot summers?
<extra_id_0>polar
<extra_id_1>subtropical
<extra_id_2>temperate
<extra_id_3>tropical
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>Myth: If you cut your hair, it will grow long faster. Truth: That's not true. "Your hair isn't like a lawn or a rosebush, where cutting can stimulate fresh growth," says Phillip Kingsley. The length of your hair is genetically determined. When it reaches a certain length, it stops growing. When you clear up the dead split ends, this make your hair look healthier, but not necessarily longer. Myth: If you skip meals, you lose weight fast. Truth: There's no truth in this advice. Not only will you lose weight by starving yourself, but according to Carol Ann Rinzler, this may actually cause you to gain weight. Rinzler reasons that missing a meal causes your metabolism to slow down so that you burn food more slowly. This only makes you feel hungrier and by the time you finally do reach the table you will probably eat more food. Strange as it may seem, studies show that eating several small meals and snacks throughout the day is a more healthy way to lose pounds. Myth: If you swallow gum,it will stay inside your stomach for seven years. Truth: Actually, it takes just a few days for gum to make its exit---not seven years, says NeiIzenberg, M. D., editor of Kids Health Organization. But because gum is made of the same thing as rubber, it cannot be fully digested in your stomach--- so if you gum up the works on a regular basis, you might find yourself in a sticky situation. Myth: The best way to stop a nosebleed is to lift your head back. Truth: Now that's bad advice. Bloody noses are caused by broken blood vessels, so while lifting your head back might stop the fluid from rushing out of your nose, it won't stop the bleeding; you'll just end up swallowing lots of blood. Your best bet? "Rest quietly. Don't poke or pick, and the blood will naturally clot within a minute or two". Suggests Dr. Izenberg. According to Carol Ann Rinzler, skipping meals will _ .
<extra_id_0>help you lose weight fast
<extra_id_1>help you lose weight slowly
<extra_id_2>cause you to become fatter
<extra_id_3>make you burning food more quickly
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>Venice is the "Queen" of the Adriatic Sea . Every year thousands of people from all over the world travel to Italy to visit the city. Do you know why they like to go there for a visit? Venice is a very beautiful city. It is quite different from other cities in the world. There aren't any roads and streets in the city. So there aren't any cars and buses. There are many canals in the city. There is one big canal and one hundred and seventy-seven small canals. People move up and down the canals in boats to go to work, go shopping or visit their friends. But Venice is sinking. It is going down and the water is going up. In 2040Venice will be under water, The Adriatic Sea will cover the city. The Venetians love their city and want to stay there. So they want to save Venice? They can build some strong huge walls and gates in the sea. The gates will close to keep too much water out. Thus Venice will not sink. From this short article we know Venice is _ .
<extra_id_0>a very beautiful woman of the Adriatic Sea.
<extra_id_1>the most important woman in Italy.
<extra_id_2>a very important and beautiful place of the Adriatic Sea.
<extra_id_3>the most important city in Italy.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>Researchers have revealed 25 major life milestones - and the ages by which we should have achieved them. A new study has unveiled the ultimate guide to life, which involves passing a driving test at the age of 20, moving out at 22 and getting married at 27. The comprehensive study, which draws on the wisdom, life experience and regrets of almost 2,000 adults between the ages of 16 and 65, also found we should be earning the average wage by the age of 30. Researchers also revealed 19 is the best age to start a full-time job, while we should feel free to enjoy the first holiday without mum and dad two years later. Early 20s should also include moving out of home, buying our first car and flying to sunnier places for the first time with a boyfriend or girlfriend. A spokeswoman for Amigo Loans, which commissioned the study, said: "It's normal to want to achieve certain things by certain ages and it's good to be ambitious. "Borrowing money to achieve life's milestones, such as moving out, buying a car or starting a business is harder than ever for ordinary, hard-working people and our research shows nearly half of 16-34 year-olds expect to turn to their family and friends for financial help to achieve their life goals. Indeed, nearly 80 per cent of our guarantors are family members." As we head to late 30s and early 40s, we ought to be aiming to have moved to slightly bigger second home, have earnings of around PS40k a year or more, and even set up our own business. The study also looked into the subject of pressure and the part it plays in helping us achieve our goals. One in three people said they felt there was more pressure on the current generation to reach milestones within specific time frames. But according to the data, a large percentage of us also put the pressure on ourselves to achieve things by certain times. We can infer from the spokeswoman's words that _
<extra_id_0>Being ambitious is a must to achieve certain things
<extra_id_1>Family members are dependable when financial support is needed
<extra_id_2>When financial support is in need, we should seek assistance
<extra_id_3>16 to 34-year-olds are sure to achieve milestones
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>This large flat is on the top floor of a five-story modern building in a quiet part of the city. There are two schools, a restaurant and several shopping centres nearby. A bus stop is only one hundred metres away. The flat has got a large living room , a dining room,a modern kitchen, one large bedroom and two small bedrooms. There is a bedroom with a shower, a sink and a toilet. The flat has also got a small storeroom and there is a large doorway. The price of it is $245,600 without the garage . The price of the garage is $34,560. You should pay _ if you buy the flat with the garage.
<extra_id_0>$245,600
<extra_id_1>$ 34, 560
<extra_id_2>$211,040
<extra_id_3>$ 280,160
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>Cyber language is popular among Chinese netizens, who create English words to reflect novel phenomenon in society. "Gelivable", combining pinyin of Chinese characters Geili (giving strength) with the English suffix for adjectives, literally means "giving power" or "cool". Similarly, "Hengelivable" means "very cool", and "ungelivable" means "dull, not cool at al". "Antizen" referred to the group of college graduates who, earning a poor salary and living in small rented apartments, are like the tiny and laborious ants. David Tool, a professor with the Beijing International Studies University said it's very interesting to combine Chinese with English to create new words. "English is no longer mysterious to the Chinese people. They can use the language in a flexible way according to their own experiences," he said. Chinese words and expressions were created, as well, by netizens. One example was "Suan Ni Hen". This three-character expression, which originally meant "you win" with the first character carrying the same pronunciation as garlic in Chinese, is used to satirize high garlic and food prices this winter. Chinese people use the character "bei" before a verb to show a passive voice, and it is used by netizens to show the helplessness in front of false conclusions and fake media reports. For instance, "zisha" means "suicide" while "beizisha" means "be officially presumed to have committed suicide", and xiaokang means "fairly comfortable life" while "beixiaokang" means "be said to be living a fairly comfortable life". Wu Zhongmin, a professor at the Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, saw the phenomenon of word creation as a natural response of young people to social issues. "Cyber language is more vivid and it shortens people's distances," he said. The passage mainly tells us that _ .
<extra_id_0>cyber language is popular among all people
<extra_id_1>cyber language is of great fun
<extra_id_2>cyber language needs to be taught at college
<extra_id_3>cyber language in China is popular for it's relation with society
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>You may know the song Happy Birthday very well.But do you know about its writer?It was written by an American girl.And she became very rich after that. When she was a child,she was poor.Once,she was invited to her friend's birthday party.She was pleased but sad because she didn't have enough money to buy a gift for her. "The party is coming soon,but now I have little money."Tears ran down her face. Later that night she was in bed,thinking about the gift when the door opened and her grandma came in."What happened?"her grandma asked.Hearing the girl'story,she said,"I think I can help you.How about singing a song together?Happy Birthday to...."What a beautiful song!They sang and sang.Suddenly she woke up.It was a dream!She decided to write it down at once and sing it to her friends at the party. When she sang the song at the party the nest day,her friends were very happy."How wonderful you sing!We haven't heared such a beautiful song before.Thank you for giving me the special gift."said her friend.And they learn to sing it together.Later the girl became well-known in America. What gift did she give her friend?
<extra_id_0>A flower
<extra_id_1>A toy
<extra_id_2>An interest5ing book
<extra_id_3>A dog
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>Who famously explicated the science of dropping something?
<extra_id_0>Galileo
<extra_id_1>Newton
<extra_id_2>Einstein
<extra_id_3>Rutherford
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>I live in Hollywood. You may think people in such an attractive, fun-filled place are happier than others. If so, you have some mistaken ideas about the nature of happiness. Many intelligent people still equate happiness with fun. The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing in common. Fun is what we experience during an act. Happiness is what we experience after an act. It is a deeper, more long-lasting emotion. Going to an amusement park or ball game, watching a movie or television, are fun activities that help us relax, temporarily forget our problems and maybe even laugh. But they do not bring happiness, because their positive effects end when the fun ends. I have often thought that if Hollywood stars have a role to play, it is to teach us that happiness has nothing to do with fun. These rich, beautiful individuals have constant access to exciting parties, fancy cars, expensive homes, everything that spells "happiness". But in memoir after memoir, celebrities reveal the unhappiness hidden beneath all their fun: depression, alcoholism, drug addiction, broken marriages, troubled children, and long-time loneliness. The way people hold on to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equates happiness actually decreases their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equated with happiness, then pain must be equated with unhappiness. But, in fact, the opposite is true: More times than not, things that lead to happiness involve some pain. As a result, many people avoid the very efforts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment, charitable work and self-improvement. It is difficult for people to find real happiness because _ .
<extra_id_0>they believe happiness is the fun life without pain
<extra_id_1>they find pain equals unhappiness
<extra_id_2>they fear to lose what they already have in life
<extra_id_3>They are afraid all their efforts were in vain
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>Steve took his family to the lake. There are a lot of things to do at the lake. Steve's favorite thing to do is ride in his red boat across the blue water. The boat is very loud and makes dark brown smoke. The boat can go very fast. Steve has a son named Bobby. Bobby doesn't like riding in the boat, he prefers to sit on the shore and make lunch. He makes sandwiches for the whole family. Bobby loves eating ham sandwiches, but Steve prefers turkey sandwiches. Bobby's mom also likes to eat ham sandwiches. Bobby also has a younger sister named Mary. Mary doesn't like eating sandwiches so she brings one cup of soup and some chips for her lunch. Mary enjoys fishing at the lake. She caught two yellow fish, five pink fish and three blue fish. Mary wants to cook the fish for dinner. Bobby's mom likes to wear her favorite orange hat. Her hat also has a big purple flower on top. She got the hat from Billy who works at the big store down the street. After Steve's family leaves the lake they all want to go home and eat dinner. Playing at the lake makes them all very hungry! What is Steve's favorite thing to do?
<extra_id_0>Eat dinner
<extra_id_1>Ride in his boat
<extra_id_2>Make sandwiches
<extra_id_3>Fishing
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>The United States is faced with serious traffic problems. Too many cars travel on the freeways to and from the city. This heavy traffic causes delays and lots of pollution from cars that are using their engines but not moving anywhere. Many cars going nowhere is called a "traffic jam." While many cities in the United States have traffic problems, some of the worst are in Los Angeles, California. Los Angeles is a big city with a large downtown area. One of the reasons why there is so much traffic is that few people use public transportation to get around Experts say one possible solution to the traffic problem in Los Angeles would be to make people want to use the public transportation system of buses instead of their own cars. People say the buses should be made easier, faster, less costly and more dependable than driving a car. One suggestion is to reduce the cost of riding the bus. People who usually drive their cars could save a lot of money on gas and parking costs. Also, Los Angeles could make the buses easier for people to use. The buses could travel to more places in the city. And there could be more special lanes on the freeways that only buses could drive in. These changes would make taking the bus faster and easier than driving a car. Other experts have said that the best way to ease traffic problems is to charge people money to drive on the freeways. These charges, or tolls, would be for the most crowded roads. The tolls would be in effect during the times of day when most people drive to work and home again. These times in the morning and late afternoon are called "rush hour". People would try to avoid driving on these roads, which would decrease the amount of traffic. Also ,the money collected from these tolls could be used to improve the roads and public transportation system. Which is NOT the effect caused by the heavy traffic?
<extra_id_0>Too many private cars.
<extra_id_1>Time wasting.
<extra_id_2>Serious air pollution.
<extra_id_3>Traffic jams.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>There is a lot of misunderstanding about studying. Most students have not been taught the principles behind really effective working. Imagine a graph showing the amount a person learns against the number of hours he works in a day. If he doesn't do any work, he learns nothing (point 0). If he does an hour's work he learns a certain amount (point 1). If he does two hours' work he learns about twice as much (point 2). If he does more work he'll learn still more (point 3). However, if he tries to do twenty-three and a half hours' work in a day, he will be so tired that he'll hardly remember anything: what he learns will be very little (point 4). If he did less work he'd learn more (point 5). Now whatever the exact shape of the graph's curve , made by joining these points, it must have a high point. Point "X" is the very maximum anyone can learn in the day. And this represents the optimum , the best, amount of work to do. It is the best possible compromise between adequate time at the books and fatigue . Fatigue is an absolutely real thing; one can't escape it or ignore it. If you try to ignore it and press yourself to work past the optimum, you will only get on this downward slope and achieve less than the best - and then become very tired and lose your power of concentration. The skill in being a student consists of getting one's daily study as near the optimum point as possible. I cannot tell you what the optimum is. It differs with the type of work, it differs from person to person, and even in the same person it varies from week to week. You must try to find your own. Every day you study, bear this principle of the optimum in mind. When you feel yourself getting fatigued, if you find yourself reading the same paragraph over and over again and not taking it in, that's a pretty good sign you've reached your highest point for the day and should stop. Most ordinary students find their optimum at five hours a day. Yours may be a little more or a little less - but if you get in five hours' good work a day, you will be doing well. Now, what are you doing with yourself when you aren't working? Before examinations some students do nothing at all except sit in a chair and worry. Here is another misunderstanding. People often think that the mind works like the body; it does not. If one wanted to save one's physical energy in order to cut the maximum amount of firewood, one would lie flat on a bed and rest when one wasn't chopping. But the mind cannot rest. Even in sleep you dream, even if you forget your dreams. The mind is always turning. It gets its relaxation only by variety. That is what makes the mind rest. When you've finished your optimum number of hours you must stop. You must not then sit around in the chair thinking about the work - that only tires without any learning. You must get out and do something. It doesn't matter what - anything so long as you are actively doing something else but work. After you have reached the optimum point of study in a day, you should _ .
<extra_id_0>lie in bed and rest
<extra_id_1>do something else actively
<extra_id_2>do some physical labor
<extra_id_3>stop thinking about your studies
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_1>
|
<extra_id_5>Nursing at prefix = st1 /BethIsraelHospitalproduces the best patient care possible. If we are to solve the nursing shortage, hospital administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Israel's example. At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his motional state. Then he writes a care plan centered on the patient's illness but which also includes everything else that is necessary. The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hospitalization, keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor. If a patient at Beth Israel is not responding to treatment, it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to the doctor. What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague. Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized nursing administration; every floor, every unit is a self-contained organization. There are nurse managers instead of head nurses; in addition to their medical duties they do all their own hiring and dismissing, employee advising, and they make salary recommendations. Each unit's nurses decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when. Beth Israel's nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital. She is also a member of the Medical Executive Committee, which in most hospitals includes only doctors. The author's attitude towards the nursing system at Beth Israel Hospital is _ .
<extra_id_0>negative
<extra_id_1>critical
<extra_id_2>positive
<extra_id_3>subjective
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_2>
|
<extra_id_5>Drinking a lot of water does not do any good to the body, according to two experts in the United States. In fact, they warn, drinking too much water could be, in certain cases, harmful. In a study, Dr Stanly Goldfarb and Dr Dan Negoianu, both of the Renal, Electrolyte and Hypertension Division at the University of Pensylvania, the United States, have denied the popular belief that drinking a lot of water clears body toxins better, improves skin, and helps reduce weight. Dr Goldfarb and Dr Negoianu say that they found little proof to back the public opinion that drinking 8 glasses of water every day benefits health. At the same time, they fond little proof of harm in drinking 8 glasses of water every day. It is widely believed that in some cases-such as athletes, people who live in hot, dry environments, and those with certain medical conditions-drinking a lot of water indeed helps, but no studies have been done to prove the benefits of this practice in average, healthy people, the website medheadlines.com reports. The study at the University of Pennsylvania also examined reports that some people experienced increased headaches when their consumption of water was low. In one small study, which the doctors reviewed, the group drinking the most water reported fewer headaches than the control group, "but the difference in the number of headaches was o small between the two groups as to be considered unimportant." The researchers concluded that there is no scientific proof to support that average, healthy people need to drink at least 8 glasses of water each each day. The website medheadines.com says that, according to an Indian doctor, drinking too much water is harmful. If water enters the body more quickly than it can be removed, problems can occur. What's the key message delivered in the passage?
<extra_id_0>Drinking too much water might bring harm.
<extra_id_1>Whether to drink enough water makes no difference.
<extra_id_2>Drinking too much water may cause headaches.
<extra_id_3>Average, healthy people should drink more water.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_0>
|
<extra_id_5>The designer of the Apple Computer, Steve Jobs, was not quite successful in his early years. He was not among the best students at school, and from time to time he got into trouble with either his schoolmates or his teachers. But he was full of new ideas, which few people saw the _ of. Things remained the same when he went up to college and he dropped out halfway. Steve Jobs worked first as a video game designer at Atari. He worked there for only a few months and then he set out to tour India. He hoped that the trip would give him more ideas and give him a change in life for the better. After he returned from India, he begin to live on a farm in California. And then, in 1975, Steve Jobs set about making a new type of computer. Along with his friend Stephen Wozniak, he designed the Apple Computer in his bedroom and built it in his garage . He gave the name "Apple" because it reminded him of a happy summer he once on an orchard in Oregon. His Apple Computer was so successful that Steve Jobs soon became worldwide famous. But unluckily, he died of illness in 2011. Steve Jobs _ .
<extra_id_0>received excellent college education
<extra_id_1>didn't go to college at all
<extra_id_2>studied in college for 4 years
<extra_id_3>didn't finish his college education
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>"Lizzie, there's a letter for you!" Emily called up the stairs to her sister. Elizabeth looked down. "Is it from Harvard? They refused my application once." Emily answered, "No, it's from Yale." Quickly, Elizabeth walked downstairs. She took the letter and opened it. "Rejected again," Elizabeth said unhappily. "Who says women can't be doctors?" "They are fools not to accept you. You can't let them stop you, Lizzie," Emily said. "I won't. I'll apply to Geneva Medical College," Elizabeth told her sister. As it turned out, the professors at Geneva Medical College were not fools. They allowed Elizabeth Blackwell to study medicine. In 1848, a year before Elizabeth would graduate, a typhoid epidemic broke out in New York. Elizabeth wrote to Emily. "There's an outbreak of typhoid, and I am going to help. It is dangerous, so if I should not survive, please do me the honor of studying medicine yourself." Emily replied, "Encouraged by your dream and success, I have decided to study in medical school, as well." Having survived the disease, Elizabeth tried to set up a private medical practice. "I graduated first in my class but no one believes a woman can be a good doctor," she said to Emily one day. "All I hear is that doctors should be men, while women should stay home to cook and clean." Emily said worriedly, "I will graduate in June with my medical degree. What shall we do?" Elizabeth thought for a while and replied, "There's a big house in the poor part of our town. We can practice medicine there for people who couldn't afford care." Soon with the help of some friends, Elizabeth and Emily bought the house and opened a hospital for poor women and children. "We'll have an all-women staff ," Elizabeth said. "And later, we'll add a medical college for women!" Emily added. At last, Elizabeth realized her dream of being a doctor. Hearing Elizabeth's words about the letter from Yale, Emily felt _ .
<extra_id_0>excited
<extra_id_1>calm
<extra_id_2>satisfied
<extra_id_3>angry
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
<extra_id_5>The Peales were a famous family of American artists. Charles Willson Peale is best remembered for his portraits of leading figures of the American Revolution. He painted portraits of Franklin and Jefferson and over a dozen of George Washington. His life-size portrait of his sons Raphaelle and Titian was so realistic that George Washington reportedly once tipped his hat to the figures in the picture. Charles Willson Peale gave up painting in his middle age and devoted his life to the Peale museum, which he founded in Philadelphia. The world's first popular museum of art and natural science mainly covered paintings by Peale and his family as well as displays of animals in their natural settings. Peale found the animals himself and found a method to make the exhibits more lifelike. The museum's most popular display was the skeleton of a huge, extinct elephant, which Peale _ on a New York farm in 1801. Three of Peale's seventeen children were also famous artists. Paphaelle Peale often painted still lives of flowers, fruit, and cheese. His brother Rembrandt studied under his father and painted portraits of many noted people, including one of George Washington. Another brother, Rubens Peale, painted mostly landscapes and portraits. James Peale, the brother of Charles Willson Peale, specialized in miniatures . His daughter Sarah Miriam Peale was probably the first professional female portrait painter in America. What is the main topic of the passage?
<extra_id_0>The life of Charles Willson Peale.
<extra_id_1>Portraits in the 18th century.
<extra_id_2>The Peale Museum.
<extra_id_3>A family of artists.
<extra_id_4>
|
<extra_id_3>
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.