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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Dehydrated.
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dehydration ( redirected from Dehydrated . Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia Dehydration Definition Dehydration is the loss of water and salts essential for normal body function . Description occurs when the body loses more fluid than it takes in . This condition can result from illness ; a hot , dry climate ; prolonged exposure to sun or high temperatures ; not drinking enough water ; and overuse of diuretics or other medications that increase urination . can upset delicate fluid - salt balance needed to maintain healthy cells tissues . Water accounts for about 60 % a man ' s weight . It represents about 50 % woman ' s weight . Young middle - aged adults who drink when they ' re thirsty do not generally have do anything more maintain their body ' s fluid balance . Children need water because they expend energy , but most children who drink they are thirsty get as much as their systems require . Age and dehydration Adults over age 60 only are probably get only 90 % need . Developing habit drinking in response body ' s thirst signals raises an older person ' s risk becoming dehydrated . Seniors have relocated areas where weather is warmer dryer than climate accustomed even likelier become dehydrated unless make it practice even thirsty . in children usually results from losing large amounts enough replace loss . This condition generally occurs stomach flu characterized by vomiting diarrhea will take fluids compensate excessive losses associated with fever sweating acute illness . An infant become dehydrated hours after becoming ill . major cause infant illness death throughout world . Types of dehydration Mild dehydration loss no 5 % fluid . Loss 5 - 10 % considered moderate dehydration . Severe ( loss 10 - 15 % fluids ) life - threatening that requires immediate medical care . Complications of dehydration When supply severely depleted , hypovolemic shock likely occur . condition , which also called physical collapse , characterized by pale , cool , clammy skin ; rapid heartbeat ; shallow breathing . Blood pressure sometimes drops so low be measured , skin at knees elbows may blotchy . Anxiety restlessness , thirst increase . After patient ' s temperature reaches 107 ° F ( 41.7 ° C ) damage brain other vital organs quickly . Causes and symptoms Strenuous activity , excessive sweating , high fever , prolonged vomiting diarrhea common causes dehydration . So staying sun too long , fluids , visiting moving warm region where does n ' t often rain . Alcohol , caffeine diuretics medications increase amount excreted cause Reduced intake be result of : appetite associated with acute illness urination ( polyuria ) nausea bacterial viral infection inflammation pharynx ( pharyngitis ) inflammation mouth caused illness , infection , irritation , vitamin deficiency ( stomatitis ) Other conditions lead include : disease adrenal glands , which regulate salt balance function many organ systems diabetes mellitus eating disorders kidney disease chronic lung disease . An does wet diaper an eight - hour period dehydrated . The soft spot on baby ' s head ( fontanel ) may depressed . Symptoms at any age include cracked lips , dry sticky mouth , lethargy , sunken eyes . A person cries without shedding tears does urinate very often . The skin less elastic should slow return its normal position after being pinched . confusion , constipation discomfort , drowsiness , fever , thirst . turns pale cold , mucous membranes lining mouth nose lose natural moisture . pulse sometimes races breathing becomes rapid . Significant serious neurological problems . Diagnosis patient ' s symptoms medical history usually suggest Physical examination reveal shock , rapid heart rate , and / or low blood pressure . Laboratory tests , including blood tests ( to check electrolyte levels ) urine tests ( e.g. , urine specific gravity creatinine ) , used evaluate severity problem . Other laboratory ordered determine underlying ( such diabetes adrenal gland disorder ) causing Treatment Increased intake replacement lost electrolytes sufficient restore balances patients mildly moderately For individuals mildly dehydrated , just plain all treatment needed . Adults need replace lost electrolytes sports beverages ( e.g. , Gatorade Recharge ) consume little additional salt . Parents should follow label instructions giving Pedialyte commercial products recommended relieve Children receive clear fluids first 24 hours . A child sip one two teaspoons liquid every 10 minutes . child less year old given one tablespoon liquid every 20 minutes . year old take two tablespoons 30 baby being breast - fed given clear liquids consecutive feedings before breastfeeding resumed . bottle - fed baby formula diluted half its strength first 24 hours developing symptoms In order accurately calculate loss , it ' s important chart weight changes day keep record how many times patient vomits has diarrhea . Parents note how times baby ' s diaper must changed . adults gradually return diet stopped no longer diarrhea . Bland foods reintroduced first , foods added digestive system able tolerate them . Milk , ice cream , cheese , butter eaten until 72 disappeared . Medical care Severe require hospitalization intravenous replacement . If individual ' s pressure drops threaten development shock , treatment required . doctor notified whenever exhibits signs parent concerned stomach virus lead doctor also notified if : three months develops fever higher 100 ° F ( 37.8 ° C ) three months develops higher 102 ( 38.9 worsen individual urinates very sparingly urinate all during six - hour period dizziness , listlessness , occur person dieting using loses 3 lb ( 1.3 kg ) day 5 lb ( 2.3 kg ) week When treating dehydration , underlying must addressed . For example , if caused diarrhea , prescribed resolve these symptoms . Patients due diabetes , kidney disease , gland disorders receive these conditions well resulting Alternative treatment Gelatin substituted electrolyte - replacement solutions . It made diluting 3 - oz package quart adding one - quarter teaspoon salt tablespoon sugar pint water . Prognosis Mild rarely results complications . If eliminated replaced , mild cured 24 - 48 hours . Vomiting continue several days without adequate replacement fatal . risk life - threatening complications greater young elderly . However , rapidly recognized treated has good outcome . Prevention Patients prevent remain color pale straw . Ensuring patients always adequate during will help prevent Infants young electrolyte solutions such Pedialyte help People ill proper several glasses before going outside on hot day . good idea avoid coffee tea , temperature loss . know whether any medication taking prompt care correct increases methods preventing ensuring include : eating soup mealtime plenty juice mealtime between meals keeping glass nearby working relaxing Resources " Hydration — Getting Enough Water . " Loyola University Health System May 13 , 1998 . http : / / www . luhs . org Key terms Electrolytes Mineral salts , such sodium potassium , dissolved fluid . Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . de ″ hi - dra shun removal tissue ; undue water . infants common this . serious shock acidosis accumulation waste products ( as uremia ) , resulting death . Water accounts half Under conditions , total 24 - hour output feces through lungs 2500 ml adults . To make up this loss , same amount taken insufficient output excessive , deficient fluid volume occurs . Clinical features infant . From Lissauer Graham , 2002 . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . de · hy · dra · tion dē ' hī - drā ' shŭn ) , Avoid jargonistic use this word synonym 1 . Deprivation Synonym ( s ) : anhydration 2 . Reduction content . 3 . Synonym ( s ) : exsiccation ( 2 ) 4 . desiccation 5 . Used commonly emergency departments describe state sufficient intravascular volume deficits leading orthostatic symptoms . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / de · hy · dra · tion / de ″ hi - dra shun 1 . removal substance . 2 . hypernatremic losses disproportionately smaller losses . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( dē ′ hī - drā ′ shən ) n . process removing substance compound . Excessive organ part , deprivation . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . [ di ′ hīdrā ′ shən ] 1 tissues . accompanied disturbance essential electrolytes , particularly sodium , potassium , chloride . follow diarrhea , vomiting , acidosis , there depletion fluids . particular concern among infants because normally precarious . Signs include poor turgor ( not reliable sign elderly ) , flushed skin , coated tongue , mucous membranes , oliguria , irritability , confusion . Normal balanced values primary goals therapy . 2 rendering substance free Also called anhydration Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Internal medicine intracellular leads cellular desiccation ↑ plasma sodium concentration osmolality , often due GI tract – eg , vomiting , Clinical Rapid ↓ weight 10 % severe , ↑ thirst , mouth , weakness lightheadedness , worse standing , darkened ↓ urine ; severe changes chemistry , kidney failure , ± life - threatening Management Fluid replacement , 5 % dextrose . Cf Volume depletion McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . de · hy · dra · tion dē - hī - drā ' shŭn Deprivation Process losing water , progressing either hyperhydrated state euhydration euhydration downward hypohydration . 3 . exsiccation ( 2 ) 4 . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 ( de ? hi ? dra ' shon ) de - + hydration chemical , e.g. , surface evaporation heating release crystallization . Synonym : DEHYDRATION PROCESS clinical consequences negative balance , i.e. , fail match marked thirst , orthostatic hypotension , tachycardia , elevated plasma levels , hyperosmolality , and , severe instances , cellular disruption , delirium , falls , hyperthermia , medication toxicity , renal failure , death . illustration Etiology Worldwide , most In industrialized nations , fevers , heat - related illnesses , mellitus , diuretic use , thyrotoxicosis , hypercalcemia . those impaired level consciousness and / or inability ingest oral fluids , receiving high - protein enteral feedings , older water , ( esp . children ) watery elderly ( esp . those over 85 ) increasingly hospitalized avoidable preventable . Lengthy fasting procedure , long waits emergency departments , increased physical dependency unable pour bedside container ) place risk . Nursing home residents living independently , partly limited access oral fluids . elderly reduced thirst - response , decrease total declining renal function . states produce hypertonicity deficiency synthesis release antidiuretic hormone ( ADH ) posterior pituitary ( diabetes insipidus ) ; decrease responsiveness ADH ; osmotic diuresis ( hyperglycemic states , administration osmotic diuretics ) ; pulmonary children ) ; sweating replacement . CAUTION ! confused deficit . latter condition , same proportion exist fluids ; thus , ratio remains unchanged . dehydration , primary deficiency , increased levels hypertonicity . Patient care patient assessed decreased turgor ; dry , sticky membranes ; rough , tongue ; loss ; fever ; restlessness ; agitation ; weakness . Cardiovascular findings hypotension , decreased cardiovascular pressure , rapid , weak pulse . Hard stools if problem primarily watery Urinary findings ( oliguria ) , specific gravity 1.030 , osmolality . Blood serum studies reveal sodium , protein , hematocrit , serum osmolality . Continued prevented , provided prescribed , beginning dextrose solution intravenously can not ingest Once function present , added infusion based upon periodic evaluation levels . Health care professionals quickly treating causes measuring ( and possible output ) at - risk patients , providing glasses cups light easily handled , teaching certified nursing assistants ( CNAs ) family providers record intake , observing concentration incontinent patients , offering small amounts time interact at - risk patient , encouraging ( at patient ’ s preferred temperature ) between meals bedtime ( to 50 ounces 1500 ml / D unless otherwise restricted ) , offering preferred variety ( including frozen juice bars , water - rich fruits vegetables ) , assessing hot weather replacing it . voluntary dehydration willful refusal eat , drink , accept health providers , used terminally ill hasten Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners reduction content body . sweating , diarrhoea balanced appropriate intake . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 process removed substance . utilized freeze - drying preservation materials , microscopical preparations necessary use substances immiscible Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 general , body . related terms context human balance , see hydration status Dictionary of Sport and Exercise Science and Medicine by Churchill Livingstone © 2008 Elsevier Limited . All rights reserved . de · hy · dra · tion dē - hī - drā ' shŭn Avoid jargonistic word synonym Reduction content . Used departments describe intravascular deficits leading Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 dehydration ( dē hīdrā shən ) n tissue ) . n coupled interstitial disturbances balance . gingivae drying gingival tissue , lowered tissue resistance , gingival inflammation ; seen breathing . See breathing , mouth oral cavity Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . takes in . There negative so circulating decreases tissue reduced tissues clinical syndrome includes loosening wrinkling skin , bad skin - tenting reaction , pinched - up fold longer disappear ; there evidence e.g . polyuria . pathological determine severity osmoconcentration extracellular Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Patient discussion about dehydration Q . What Are Signs Dehydration ? How you tell someone dehydrated ? Are signs notice ? A . 2 I really notice I am . . . . you stand up feel dizzy , yet lay down feel fine . My eyes sink back into sockets . Q . Why headaches symptom dehydration ? few days ago had headache friend told me I ’ m probably more . So did headache was gone … how come ? What connection ? A . Headaches come tissues surrounding brain . brain itself pain . surrounding ( meningia ) filled named - Cerebro Spinal Fluid ( CSF ) , lot stand buffer him skull . Thus movement your head create meningia hurts . heard major why that ? How avoid that ? beware of ? dehydrate dangerously fye More discussions about dehydration This content is provided by iMedix and is subject to iMedix Terms . The Questions and Answers are not endorsed or recommended and are made available by patients , not doctors . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Dehydrated . " > dehydration < / a > Mentioned in acute blood loss adrenal crisis allantoic fluid Amniotic fluid anhydremia antibiotic - associated colitis ascitic fluid Asiatic cholera aspirin poisoning automatic cholera Baggenstoss change caida mollera carbohydrate engorgement cerebrospinal fluid cholera cis - aconitic acid clofarabine Complete Blood Count , Hematocrit Complete Blood Count , Hemoglobin References in periodicals archive We found several reasons why residents became malnourished and Improving the Nutritional Care of Nursing Home Residents Meanwhile , drink plenty of water and , if possible , sports drinks such as Gatorade , which contain important salts called electrolytes that your body loses when you ' re Experts Available to Discuss Extreme Heat in Parts of United States The alarm was raised hours later when his friend walked into a camp site disorientated and Brit survives three days in outback Norma Spear lost 35lbs and weighed five stones after a urinary tract infection stunted her appetite - leaving her seriously Home staff let gran , 71 , die of thirst ; INQUEST Bud Buldaro has tips on how to get ready for the run - and says it ' s vital not to get your life : RACE IS ON TO BOOST CHARITY WATER heroes Flush Gordon and Princess Aqua zoomed into Warwickshire today armed with chilled tap water to show people how to avoid becoming Dynamic duo give a chilling warning The 30 - year - old drank so much because she felt ill and thought she was 13 pints of water nearly killed E girl More results ► Medical browser ▲ degu degustation deha prakriti dehairing Dehalobacterium Dehalobacterium formicoaceticum dehalogenase dehalogenation Dehio Dehio test Dehio , Karl K . Dehio ’ s test dehisce dehiscence dehiscent dehorn dehorner dehorning dehull dehumanization dehumidifier dehydrase dehydratase dehydrate dehydrated alcohol Dehydrated . dehydrating agent dehydration fever dehydration of gingivae dehydration reaction dehydro - dehydroacetic acid dehydroandrosterone dehydrochlorinase dehydrochlorinate dehydrocholate dehydrocholate test dehydrocholesterol dehydrocholic acid dehydrocorticosterone dehydroemetine dehydroemetine resinate dehydroepiandrosterone Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate dehydrogenase dehydrogenases dehydrogenate dehydrogenation dehydrogenize dehydroisoandrosterone ▼ Full browser ▲ dehumidify dehumidifying dehumidifying Dehusk dehusked dehusking dehusks dehydrase dehydratase dehydrated alcohol dehydrated food dehydrated food dehydrated foods dehydrated foods Dehydrated Hereditary Stomatocytosis dehydratedly dehydrater dehydrater dehydrates dehydrates dehydrating dehydrating dehydrating agent Dehydration ( chemistry ) Dehydration and Transportation dehydration fever dehydration of gingivae Dehydration reaction Dehydration synthesis Dehydration synthesis dehydration tank Dehydration - Responsive Element - Binding dehydrations dehydrations dehydrator dehydrator ▼
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[
"dehydration",
"Dictionary"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Diabetic+shock
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diabetic coma ( redirected from Diabetic shock Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Related to Diabetic shock : hyperglycemia diabetic coma High blood sugar coma ko mah a state of unconsciousness from which the patient can not be aroused , even by powerful stimuli . Traumatic brain injuries are the most frequent cause ; other causes include severe uncontrolled diabetes mellitus liver disease , kidney disease , and neurologic conditions . Evaluation of a patient in coma is comprehensive . The underlying cause should be identified so that appropriate treatment can initiated . magnetic resonance imaging electroencephalography and brainstem auditory evoked potentials give information about electrical activity brain in who is comatose , although results are not predictive recovery . Some patients able to emerge from coma . In others , may progress to persistent vegetative state which functions brainstem circulation remain relatively intact or may supported with assistive technologies . Patients irreversible meet criteria brain death Schematic representation major stem reflexes used examination . From Marx et al . , 2002 . Patient Care Assessment includes an evaluation vital signs , determination level of consciousness neuromuscular responses , reaction pupils light . In most hospitals standard form used measure record patient ' s responses stimuli objective terms . The glasgow coma scale standardized tool that aids assessing comatose eliminates use ambiguous easily misinterpreted terms such as unconscious semicomatose . Additional assessment data gathered relating underlying cause patient ' s immobility ; these include evaluation gag corneal reflexes . absence gag reflex , regurgitation aspiration potential problems . Abnormal rigidity posturing response noxious stimuli motor responses coma . Decorticate rigidity abnormal flexor posturing , with arms , wrists , fingers drawn up . legs extended plantar flexion . This type rigidity usually indicates lesion cerebral hemispheres or disruption corticospinal tracts . Decerebrate rigidity abnormal extensor posturing : response painful extremities extend rigidly palms turn outward . This type indicative damage brainstem as rule sign greater cerebral impairment than decorticate rigidity . Comatose patients predisposed all hazards of immobility including impairment skin integrity development pressure ulcers contractures A multidisciplinary , coordinated plan care essential . Families should encouraged actively involved care patient . health team also recognize family ' s need for support ; emotional financial impacts usually significant . alcoholic accompanying severe alcoholic intoxication . alpha there electroencephalographic findings dominant alpha - wave activity . diabetic diabetic acidosis see also diabetes mellitus hepatic accompanying damage resulting degeneration liver cells , especially associated cirrhosis liver . hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic hyperosmolar nonketotic see hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma irreversible brain death Kussmaul ' s air hunger diabetic acidosis myxedema an often fatal complication long - term hypothyroidism comatose hypothermia depression respiration , bradycardia , hypotension ; seen elderly during cold weather . vigil locked - in syndrome Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . di · a · bet · ic co · ma develops inadequately treated cases diabetes mellitus commonly fatal , unless appropriate therapy instituted promptly ; results reduced oxidative metabolism central nervous system that , turn , stems ketoacidosis possibly histotoxic action ketone bodies disturbances water electrolyte balance . Synonym ( s ) : Kussmaul coma Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 life - threatening condition occurring persons diabetes mellitus . It caused by undiagnosed diabetes ; inadequate treatment ; failure take prescribed insulin ; excessive food intake ; or , frequently , infection , surgery , trauma , other stressors increase body ' s need for insulin . Without insulin metabolize glucose , fats energy , resulting ketone waste accumulation metabolic acidosis . body ' s effort counteract depletes alkali reserve ; causes loss sodium , chloride , potassium , water ; increases respiratory exhalation carbon dioxide ( Kussmaul breathing ) urinary excretion ; leads dehydration generalized hypoxia . Warning signs diabetic dull headache , fatigue , inordinate thirst , epigastric pain , nausea , vomiting , parched lips , flushed face , sunken eyes . temperature rises then falls , systolic blood pressure drops , circulatory collapse occur . Immediate treatment consists administering short - acting insulin replacing electrolytes fluids correct dehydration . Nonketotic occur poorly controlled 2 mellitus high levels blood glucose but no fatty acid breakdown . plasma hyperosmolarity water leave cells , dehydration cells See diabetic ketoacidosis , insulin shock Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . di · a · bet · ic co · ma dī - ă - bet ' ik kō ' mă State develops inadequately treated commonly fatal , unless therapy instituted promptly ; reduced oxidative metabolism central nervous system that , turn , stems ketoacidosis possibly histotoxic action bodies disturbances electrolyte balance . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 Diabetic coma Reduced level consciousness requires immediate medical attention . Mentioned in : Nausea and Vomiting Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . Kussmaul , Adolph , German physician , 1822 - 1902 . Kussmaul aphasia mutism psychosis . Kussmaul breathing Synonym ( s ) : disease segmental inflammation , infiltration eosinophils , necrosis medium - sized small arteries . polyarteritis nodosa paradoxical pulse pulse reduction disappearance during inspiration . respiration deep , rapid respiration characteristic acidosis . Kussmaul - Kien respiration sign constrictive pericarditis , paradoxical increase venous distention pressure inspiration . Kussmaul symptom symptom Kussmaul sign Kussmaul - Kien Kussmaul respiration Medical Eponyms © Farlex 2012 increasing confusion loss consciousness due poor glycaemic control Illustrated Dictionary of Podiatry and Foot Science by Jean Mooney © 2009 Elsevier Limited . All rights reserved . dī - ă - bet ' ik kō ' mă Comain cases mellitus ; Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 unconsciousness can not aroused , even powerful stimuli . alpha there electroencephalographic findings dominant alpha - wave activity . See hepatic reversible biochemical abnormalities cerebrum , caused elevated levels toxic substances such ammonia , amino acids , short - chain fatty acids beta hydroxylated biogenic amines accumulate disease . encephalopathy period 24 hours complete nonreceptivity nonresponsivity intensely painful stimuli , no spontaneous movement breathing , absence elicitable reflexes , flat electroencephalogram . Called death . myxedema mental stupor hypothyroidism ; seen often Doberman pinchers , it associated hypoventilation , hypothermia , hypotension bradycardia . Death occur . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Diabetic + shock " > diabetic coma < / a > Facebook Twitter Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in acetonaemia alcoholic coma Amaryl amphetamines apoplectic coma breathing , Kussmaul cannabinoids coma cast coma vigil dextrose d - glucose diabetes mellitus , Type I diabetic ketoacidosis Drugs of Abuse Electrolyte Disorders Euglucon References in periodicals archive In fact , ketosis is a symptom of diabetic shock because it arises when glucose metabolism is suppressed . Ketones to the rescue : fashioning therapies from an adaptation to starvation But , at that moment , it was other thoughts he was trying to erase from his mind - the faces of old friends who had gone into the hospital in diabetic shock and never made it out . I DO , I DO , PROMISE SPECIAL FRIENDS All I know is that a man in was driving the wrong way down a four lane highway and hit my car head on . Facing facts D ' Arcangelo said one man came to the food pantry after suffering Heating requests on the rise ; Keeping Auburn Warm struggles to meet needs SUNLAND - Firefighters proclaimed 5 1 / 2 - year - old Mark Mooradian a hero Wednesday for the lifesaving actions he took after his mom slipped into the day before Mother ' s Day . MAMA ' S LITTLE HERO SON , 5 , HONORED FOR SAVING LIFE By alerting people at risk , it lessens the chances of the new diabetic going into before the disease is recognized , says Sri Srikanta , one of the Joslin researchers . Predicting childhood diabetes Tivnan Drive , ambulance requested for a male in at the House of Correction . West Boylston Police Log A number of them have experienced , fallen into comas , and / or died . MediaFact Launches Section On Zyprexa and Diabetes More results ► Medical browser ▲ Diabetic Foot Infections diabetic gangrene diabetic gingivitis diabetic glomerulosclerosis diabetic glucose tolerance diabetic glycosuria diabetic hand diabetic ketoacidosis diabetic lipemia diabetic macroangiopathy diabetic macular edema diabetic maculopathy diabetic mastopathy diabetic microangiopathy diabetic myelopathy diabetic nephropathy diabetic neuropathic cachexia diabetic neuropathy Diabetic peripheral neuropathy diabetic polyneuritis diabetic polyneuropathy diabetic polyradiculopathy diabetic pseudotabes diabetic puncture diabetic retinopathy Diabetic shock diabetic tabes diabetic thoracic radiculopathy diabetic treatment diabetic vulvovaginitis diabetic xanthoma diabetid diabetogenic diabetogenic factor diabetogenic state diabetogenous diabetology Diabex Diabinese diabrotic Diabulimia diacele diacet diacetate diacetemia diacetic acid diacetonuria diacetoxyscirpenol diaceturia diacetyl diacetylmonoxime ▼ Full browser ▲ diabetic polyneuritis diabetic polyneuropathy diabetic polyradiculopathy Diabetic Pregnancy Study Group diabetic pseudotabes diabetic puncture Diabetic Retinal Examination diabetic retinitis diabetic retinitis diabetic retinopathy Diabetic Retinopathy Awareness Program Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Services for Wales Diabetic Retinopathy Study Diabetic Retinopathy Vitrectomy Study Diabetic Self - Management Education Diabetic sugar diabetic tabes diabetic thoracic radiculopathy Diabetic to Diabetic Diabetic to Normal diabetic treatment Diabetic Tussin Diabetic Tussin Diabetic Tussin Allergy Relief Diabetic Tussin Allergy Relief Diabetic Tussin EX Diabetic Tussin EX diabetic ulcer diabetic ulcer diabetic vulvovaginitis diabetic xanthoma Diabetica Research Solutions , Inc . Diabetics Diabetics Diabetics Exposed to Telmisartan and Enalapril Diabetics Exposed to Telmisartan and Enalapril ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"diabetic coma",
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Digestive+enzymes
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digestive enzymes Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia di · ges · tive en · zymes 1 . enzymes that are used in the digestive system ; 2 . enzymes that are hydrolases of macromolecules ( for example , amylases , proteinases ) . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 Digestive enzymes Molecules catalyze the breakdown of large molecules ( usually food ) into smaller molecules . Mentioned in : Heartburn Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . digestive enzymes ( di · jesˑ · tiv enˑ · zīmz ) n . pl proteins catalyze reactions between other chemicals by reducing energy required for reactions . Digestive system . Jonas : Mosby ' s Dictionary of Complementary and Alternative Medicine . ( c ) 2005 , Elsevier . digestive pertaining to digestion . include salivary ( amylase ) , gastric ( pepsin ) , pancreatic ( trypsin , chymotrypsin , amylase , lipase ) , small intestinal mucosa ( carbohydrases including isomaltase , lactase , maltase , sucrase , trehalase ) . inoculant administered mostly to neonates primarily provide an inoculum beneficial bacteria and protozoa essential proper digestion and usually picked up from environment . In many commercial products irresistible temptation include other materials , including dietary essential vitamins minerals , clouds effect inoculant , may , as in iron poisoning foals , cause disaster . system organs have as their particular function ingestion , digestion absorption food or nutritive elements . They mouth , teeth , tongue , pharynx , esophagus , stomach intestines . The accessory organs digestion , which contribute secretions important digestion , salivary glands , pancreas , liver gallbladder . Birds have an unusual system there no teeth no soft palate most . There is a pregastric buffer , crop ; stomach is separated into two organs , one secretory one muscular , large intestine replaced by a dual cecum . The rectum empties cloaca which shared with urogenital tract . ruminant complicated presence forestomachs , reticulum , rumen omasum , there upper incisor teeth . peculiarities horses greatly distended intestine absence gallbladder . tract less ancillary glands , liver pancreas ; luminal through food passes . See also alimentary canal . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / digestive + enzymes " > digestive enzymes < / a > Mentioned in 1 , 6 - glucosidase Abdominal Ultrasound acarbose achylia acrosome acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis acute pancreatitis albumose amylase Amylase Tests annular pancreas bentiromide test bile bioavailability Brunner ' s glands cells of Paneth chemical digestion Chloride , Sweat cholecystokinin Medical browser ▲ digastric fossa digastric muscle digastric triangle digastricus Digenea digenean digenesis digenetic Digenetica DiGeorge DiGeorge syndrome DiGeorge syndrome / sequence DiGeorge , Angelo Mario DiGeorge ' s syndrome Digerati digest digesta digestant digestibility digestible digestive aid digestive albuminuria digestive enzyme digestive enzymes digestive fever digestive gland digestive hormone digestive juice digestive leukocytosis digestive system digestive tract Digging for Worms Dighton , C.A.C . Digibind digit digit - digit span digit span test digit sucking digital digital amniotome digital angiography digital arteries of fingers digital arteries of toes digital artery digital arthropathy - brachydactyly digital autoeroticism digital block digital certificate ▼ Full browser ▲ digestive albuminuria Digestive apparatus Digestive apparatus Digestive biscuit Digestive biscuit Digestive biscuits Digestive biscuits Digestive disease Digestive disease Digestive Disease National Coalition Digestive Disease Research Core Center Digestive Disease Research Foundation Digestive Disease Week Digestive Diseases and Nutrition Center Digestive Diseases Interagency Coordinating Committee Digestive Diseases Research Development Centers digestive efficiency digestive emulsion digestive emulsion Digestive enzyme Digestive enzyme digestive fever digestive fluid digestive fluid digestive gland digestive glands digestive glands digestive glycosuria Digestive Health & Nutrition Digestive Health Center of Excellence Digestive Health Recognition Program Digestive Health Research Center digestive hormone digestive inoculant digestive inoculant digestive juice Digestive juices Digestive juices digestive leukocytosis Digestive organs Digestive organs ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"digestive enzymes"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Dizziness
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dizziness Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Idioms Encyclopedia Wikipedia Dizziness Definition As a disorder , dizziness is classified into three categories - vertigo , syncope , and nonsyncope nonvertigo . Each category has a characteristic set of symptoms , all related to the sense of balance . In general , syncope is defined by brief loss consciousness fainting or by dimmed vision and feeling uncoordinated , confused , lightheaded . Many people experience sensation like syncope when they stand up too fast . Vertigo the feeling that either individual or surroundings are spinning . This sensation like being on spinning amusement park ride . Individuals with nonsyncope nonvertigo feel as though they can not keep their balance . This may become worse with movement . Description The brain coordinates information from eyes , inner ear , body ' s senses to maintain If any these information sources disrupted , brain may not be able compensate . For example , people sometimes experience motion sickness because from their body tells that are sitting still , but eyes indicates moving . The messages do not correspond results . Vision body ' s senses most important systems for maintaining balance , but problems in inner ear most frequent cause dizziness . ear , also called vestibular system , contains fluid helps fine tune receives eyes body . When fluid volume pressure in one ear changes , about balance altered . discrepancy gives conflicting messages about balance induces dizziness . Certain medical conditions can cause dizziness , because affect systems maintain For example , very sensitive changes blood flow . Because medical conditions such as high blood pressure low sugar can affect flow , these frequently accompanied Circulation disorders common causes Other causes head injury infection , allergies , nervous system disorders . Dizziness often disappears without treatment treatment underlying problem , it be long term chronic . According National Institutes Health , 42 % Americans will seek help for at some point lives . costs exceed billion dollars account five million doctor visits annually . Episodes increase age . Among aged 75 older , frequent reason seeing doctor . Causes and symptoms Careful attention symptoms help determine underlying Underlying problems benign easily treated dangerous need intensive therapy . Not all cases linked specific cause . More than one type experienced at same time symptoms mixed . Episodes last few seconds days . length an episode related cause . include dimmed vision , loss coordination , confusion , lightheadedness , sweating . These lead brief consciousness fainting . They reduced flow brain ; often occur when person standing up relieved sitting lying down . Vertigo characterized spinning turning , accompanied nausea , vomiting , ringing ears , headache fatigue An individual have trouble walking , remaining coordinated , keeping Nonsyncope nonvertigo characterized being off becomes worse if tries moving performing detail - intense tasks . A person many reasons . Syncope associated low pressure , heart problems , disorders autonomic nervous system , system involuntary functions such breathing . Syncope also arise emotional distress , pain , other reactions outside stressors . Nonsyncope caused rapid breathing , sugar , migraine headache well more serious conditions . associated called vestibular disorders . A particularly intense disorder , Méniére ' s disease , interferes volume ear . disease , which affects approximately every 1,000 people , intermittent vertigo over course weeks , months , years . Méniére ' s disease ringing buzzing hearing loss blocked . Damage nerve leads vertigo . Such damage result head injury tumor . An acoustic neuroma benign tumor wraps around nerve . caused central cirulatory hardening arteries ( arteriosclerosis ) , stroke multiple sclerosis Some medications changes flow . These medications some people . Prescription carry warnings side effects , common drugs , caffeine nicotine , Certain antibiotics damage hearing Diet role diet direct , through alcohol intake . It indirect , through arteriosclerosis high - fat diet . Some slight dip sugar mild if miss meal , this condition rarely dangerous unless diabetic . Food sensitivities allergies Chronic conditions , heart serious acute problems , seizures strokes , However , usually exhibit other characteristic symptoms . Diagnosis During initial examination , an should provide detailed description type experienced , it occurs , how each episode lasts . diary track this information . Report any accompany dizziness , nausea , recent injury infection , medication taken . Blood pressure , pulse , respiration , body temperature checked , nose , throat scrutinized . sense assessed moving individual ' s head various positions tilt - table testing . In tilt - table testing , lies on table shifted into different positions reports occurs . Further tests indicated initial examination . Hearing tests assess damage . X rays , computed tomography scan ( CT scan ) , magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) pinpoint evidence nerve damage , tumor , structural problems . If disorder suspected , technique electronystagmography ( ENG ) used . ENG measures electrical impulses generated eye movements . Blood determine diabetes , high cholesterol , diseases . cases , evaluation useful . Despite thorough testing , can not always determined . Treatment Treatment determined has cold influenza few days bed rest usually adequate resolve Other mild damage , resolve without treatment . continues , drug therapy prove helpful . Because circulatory medication prescribed control treat arteriosclerosis . Sedatives useful relieve tension trigger aggravate Low diabetes sometimes treated controlling levels . asked avoid caffeine , nicotine , alcohol , substances allergic reactions . low - salt diet people . When measures have failed , surgery suggested relieve ear . treatable drugs , surgery , means , physical therapy used patient taught coping mechanisms problem . Alternative treatment arise conditions , advisable seek treatment . Alternative treatments used alongside conventional medicine conflict . Relaxation techniques , yoga massage therapy focus relieving tension , popularly recommended methods reducing stress Aromatherapists recommend warm bath scented essential oils lavender , geranium , sandalwood . Homeopathic therapies work very effectively especially applicable no organic identified . osteopath chiropractor suggest adjustments head , jaw , neck , lower back Acupuncturists offer options acute chronic cases Nutritionists able offer advice guidance choosing dietary supplements , identifying foods avoid , balancing nutritional needs . Prognosis Outcome depends Controlling curing factors relieves cases , disappears become permanent disabling condition person ' s options limited . Prevention Most learn certain activities will make them dizzy learn avoid them . reading car produces motion sickness leaves reading materials after trip . Changes cut down episodes susceptible Relaxation techniques ward off tension anxiety techniques minimize even prevent chronic diseases . persons disease episodes vertigo leaving salt , alcohol , caffeine out diets . Reducing cholesterol diminish arteriosclerosis indirectly treat prevented . Acoustic neuromas , predictable preventable . discovered , difficult recommend preventive measures . Alternative approaches designed rebalance energy flow , acupuncture constitutional homeopathy , helpful where pinpointed . Key terms Acoustic neuroma tumor grows leading brain . As grows , exerts severe vertigo . Arteriosclerosis Hardening arteries cholesterol pressure . Autonomic nervous system part controls involuntary functions breathing beat . Computed tomography ( CT ) imaging technique which cross - sectional x rays compiled create three - dimensional image internal structures . Electronystagmography method measuring electricity generated eye movements . Electrodes placed skin around subjected variety stimuli so quality movements assessed . Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) uses large circular magnet radio waves generate signals atoms body . signals construct images internal structures . Vestibular system area helps Resources Organizations Network . 1817 Patterson St . , Nashville , TN 37203 . ( 800 ) 545 - 4327 . http : / / www . earfoundation . org Vestibular Disorders Association . PO Box 4467 , Portland , OR 97208 - 4467 . ( 503 ) 229 - 7705 . http : / / www . teleport . com / ∼ veda Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . diz · zi · ness diz ' i - nes ) , Imprecise term commonly describe various faintness , giddiness , imbalance , lightheadedness , unsteadiness , See also : [ A . S . dyzig , foolish ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / diz · zi · ness / diz e - nes 1 . disturbed relationship space ; unsteadiness movement within head ; lightheadedness ; dysequilibrium . 2 . erroneous synonym Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . Etymology : AS , dysig , stupid faintness whirling inability normal standing seated position , giddiness , mental confusion , weakness . Sometimes room seems spin , ( a known vertigo ) . who experiences should carefully lowered safe position bed , chair , floor danger falling . Compare Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Audiology Unsteadiness , imbalance , lightheadedness Neurology imprecise Pts describe sensations – eg , rotation , nonrotatory swaying , weakness , swaying , faintness , unsteadiness , presyncope , Cf Dizzy spell , Dysequilibrium Pseudovertigo , McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . diz · zi · ness diz ' ē - nĕs Imprecise commonly patients attempt vertigo , disequilibrium , unsteadiness . See also : [ A.S . dyzig , foolish ] Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 diz · zi · ness diz ' ē - nĕs giddiness imbalance . [ A.S . Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 n faintness inability normal seated position . patient who experiences carefully lowered safe position bed , chair , floor danger falling . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . Patient discussion about dizziness Q . What Causes Dizziness ? My husband 55 years old . Lately he ' s been experiencing he gets while . What could cause ? A . We feel dizzy we tired , however real could indicate variety problems : neurological , cardiovascular ( for instance pressure ) , nutritional ( for example lack glucose ) , dehydration more . someone complains experiencing getting lying down , sudden drop ( called orthostatic hypotension ) . Q . dizziness ? I ’ m 55 years old woman 2 children , last weeks I every time I stand my bed . feeling ? Does mean thing ? hypertension diabetes stable . A . appears solely up , maybe drugs you take your hypertension ( It ’ s “ orthostatic hypertension ” ) . You report your doctor maybe changing make disappear . Dizzi spells - Help ! ! ! ! keep getting really passing out seem constant headaches . am really weak tired almost never sleep . My wo n ’ t do anything its making me crap stressing me out . do n ’ t need more stress my life ca n ’ t cope that . somebody please Your only give you give correct advice unable help , then see doctors clinic . Getting sleep you , see doctor . More discussions about dizziness This content is provided by iMedix and is subject to iMedix Terms . The Questions and Answers are not endorsed or recommended and are made available by patients , not doctors . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / dizziness " > dizziness < / a > Mentioned in abatacept acetylsalicylic acid poisoning aldicarb alfuzosin aliskiren Altace aminophylline poisoning amphetamine poisoning amyl nitrite Antiangina Drugs Antianxiety Drugs antihistamine poisoning antihistamines Antihypertensive Drugs Antiparkinson Drugs asenapine avanafil Balance and Coordination Tests Benicar Medical browser ▲ divided dose divided mattress divine breath diving diving goiter diving medicine diving reflex Diving Response divinyl ether division divisional block divorce therapy Divry , Paul divulse divulsion divulsor Dix Dix , Dorothea Lynde Dixarit Dix - Hallpike maneuver Dix - Hallpike test Dixon ' s tuberculin dizygotic dizygotic twins dizygous DJD djenkol poisoning djenkolic acid Djerassi dk DKA DKM dL dl - Dl CO Dl O 2 DLA D - lactate acidosis D - lactic acidosis DLco DLE DLEC1 DLEK DLF DLG1 DLG2 DLG3 DLG4 DLG5 DLGAP1 ▼ Full browser ▲ Dizygotic twins Dizygotic twins dizygoticly dizygoticly dizygous Dizz Dizzard Dizzie Gillespie Dizzie Gillespie dizzied dizzied dizzier dizzier dizzies dizzies dizziest dizziest dizzily dizzily Dizziness and Vertigo Dizziness and Vertigo Dizziness Handicap Inventory dizzinesses dizzinesses dizzle dizzle a wild card word for words beginning with dizzles Dizzy Feet Foundation Dizzy Gillespie Dizzy Gillespie Dizzy Gillespie and His Orchestra Dizzy Gillespie and His Orchestra dizzy height Dizzy Heights Dizzy Marshall Ibn Poe Dizzy Tiger Music Co Dizzy ' s Club Coca Cola dizzying dizzying dizzying height dizzying heights ▼
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[
"dizziness",
"Definition"
] |
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Ecomap
|
ecomap Also found in : Dictionary Wikipedia ecomap ek o - map ″ a family assessment tool consisting of a graphic representation of family relationship with its environment . Family external relationships . Pictured here are but few the many that could be considered . Key : Strong , supportive positive relationship ; - - - - - Erratic , conflicted relationship , sometimes supportive and sometimes disruptive ; · · · · Negative , disruptive , or nonexistent relationship . From Betz et al . , 1994 . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( ĕk ′ ō - măp ″ ) A interview and assessment tool that delineates the needs , patterns , relationships among members environment . Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . References in periodicals archive Once the ECOMAP is completed , the family can begin to describe some of the issues from the context of viewing a visual model of their current situation . Standing Outside the Fire : remaining objective and family - based in early intervention Five components structure the 15 minute interview : Manners , those core social skills so necessary when interacting with people ; Therapeutic conversations , those with a purpose ; Therapeutic questions , questions that enable transparency of family needs ; Commendations , acknowledging a family ' s strength and resources ; and the use of a genogram and PUBLIC HEALTH NURSES ' ENDEAVOURS WITH FAMILIES USING THE 15 MINUTE INTERVIEW / NGA MAHI NUI A NGA TAPUHI KI NGA WHANAU MA TE WHAKAMAHI I TE UIUI 15 MENETI TE ROA the spiritual portion ) to various spiritual practices and issues , the client may be able to identify areas of strength , such as a dedicated prayer life or a supportive church community ( Hodge , 2005b ) . Attachment to God / Higher Power and bulimic symptoms among college women All of the organizations that could possibly affect Native American well being were depicted in the as either influencing disproportionality or disparities positively or negatively . A critique of measures that assess community efforts to reduce disproportionality and disparities in child welfare and juvenile justice agencies Standardised tests and ecomaps were employed to provide additional information . Living in kinship care : a child - centred view The ( or ecological map ) was developed to depict a family ' s or individual ' s experience within an environment or domain . Prostate cancer among Canadian men : a transcultural representation La recogida de datos utilizo : 1 ) el Genogram ( Bowen , 1978 ) , 2 ) el Family ' s Ecomap [ eco - mapa de la familia ] ( Hartman , 1978a ) , 3 ) el Social Support Questionnaire [ cuestionario sobre el apoyo social ] ( Sarason , Sarason , Sherin y Pierce , 1987 ) , y 4 ) entrevistas semi - estructuradas . Redes de apoyo a las familias griegas con hijos discapacitados en edad escolar Use the genogram and to gather information about social , environmental , and familial influences . Assessment in an EAP setting : by more thoroughly assessing presenting problems and linking clients with appropriate resources , EA professionals can greatly improve treatment outcomes and help demonstrate their value to work organizations 87 ) Through use of the , a family case manager can learn about the relationship of a family member to a place of worship , a community center , a public housing complex , a city social service agency , etc . La Bodega de la Familia : supporting parolees ' reintegration within a family context Other assessments included an Ecomap , which is a pictorial constellation of external support of the family identifying associations such as work , church , extended family , social contacts and others ; and Genogram , which is a pedigree , usually completed with active participation by the family ( Wong , 1996 ) . Student learning in the community promotes maternal health The genogram and are two tools that assist the school nurse in clarifying family structure . Nurses ' involvement in interdisciplinary team evaluations : incorporating the family perspective into child assessment First , the genogram and were developed , which provided the ability to synthesize and provide visibility to ways that the support networks of the child with VI - - are organized , and to evaluate the family structure , showing who is part of it , the quality of their relationships , and the meanings produced in their context ( 15 ) . Support network for families of children and adolescents with visual impairment : strengths and weaknesses More results ► Medical browser ▲ eco - ecocide E - code ecoendocrinology ecoepidemiology ECoG ecogenetic - ecoia ecologic chemistry ecologic fallacy ecologic study ecological ecological chemistry ecological ectocrine ecological equivalent ecological fallacy ecological isolation ecological niche ecological pyramid ecological race ecological terrorism ecologist ecology ecology of human performance ecology of mind e - commerce econazole econazole nitrate economic Economic and General Welfare economic coefficient economic credentialing Economic Man Theory economic triage economics economies of scale Economo von San Serff Economo von San Serff disease economy economy class syndrome economy of movement ecophenotype ecophysiology EcoR1 ecorche ecospecies ecosphere ecostate Ecostatin ecosystem ▼ Full browser ▲ Ecology Building Society Ecology Design Novation Ecology Evolutionary Biology and Behavior Ecology Graduate Student Organization Ecology Law Quarterly ecology of human performance ecology of mind Ecology Picture of the Week Ecology Pure Air International Inc . 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[
"ecomap",
"Dictionary"
] |
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Electra+complex
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Electra complex Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Encyclopedia Wikipedia complex kom pleks 1 . the sum , combination , or collection of various things or related factors , like unlike ; e.g. , a complex of symptoms ( see syndrome ) . 2 . a group interrelated ideas , mainly unconscious , that have common emotional tone and strongly influence person ' s attitudes and behavior . 3 . that portion an electrocardiographic tracing which represents the systole an atrium ventricle . AIDS - related ( ARC ) signs symptoms occurring in HIV infection including fever , weight loss , prolonged diarrhea , minor opportunistic infections , lymphadenopathy , changes in cells immune system . antigen - antibody here formed by noncovalent binding antibody antigen . Complexes antibodies belonging to certain immunoglobulin classes may activate complement . Called also immune complex anti - inhibitor coagulant ( AICC ) concentrated fraction from pooled human plasma , which includes various coagulation factors . It is administered intravenously as antihemorrhagic hemophilic patients with inhibitors to coagulation factor VIII atrial P wave electrocardiogram representing electrical activity atria . See also ventricular castration psychoanalytic theory , unconscious thoughts motives stemming from fear loss genitals as punishment for forbidden sexual desires . Electra libidinous fixation daughter toward her father . This term is rarely used , since oedipus complex generally applied both sexes . factor IX sterile , freeze - dried powder consisting partially purified coagulation factor IX fraction , well concentrated factor II , VII , X fractions , venous plasma healthy human donors . It used prophylaxis treatment bleeding patients with hemophilia B replacement VII deficient factor , treatment anticoagulant - induced hemorrhage Administered intravenously . Ghon primary complex ( def . 1 ) . Golgi golgi apparatus HLA major histocompatibility complex contains hla antigens immune antigen - antibody complex inclusion one molecules one type are enclosed within cavities crystalline lattice another substance . inferiority unconscious feelings inadequacy , producing shyness timidity or , compensation , exaggerated agressiveness expression superiority ; based on Alfred Adler ' s concept everyone born feeling inferiority stemming real imagined physical psychological deficiency , manner handled determining behavior . interpolated premature ventricular premature ventricular does not interfere conduction next sinus beat , i.e. , it lacks usual following compensatory pause . major histocompatibility ( MHC ) chromosomal region containing genes control histocompatibility antigens humans it controls hla membrane attack ( MAC ) C5b , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , five - molecule cytolytic agent complement system . Oedipus see oedipus complex primary 1 . combination parenchymal pulmonary lesion Ghon focus corresponding lymph node focus , occurring primary tuberculosis , usually children . Similar lesions may be associated other mycobacterial infections fungal infections . 2 . cutaneous lesion at site infection skin , e.g. , chancre syphilis tuberculous chancre . QRS group waves seen on electrocardiogram representing depolarization . Called QRS wave actually consists three distinct waves created by passage cardiac electrical impulse through ventricles occurs at beginning each contraction . In normal surface R wave upward deflection ; first downward deflection represents Q final downward deflection S wave . The Q S be extremely weak sometimes are absent . One abnormality QRS increased voltage resulting enlargement heart muscle , produces increased quantities electric current . A low - voltage result toxic conditions heart , most commonly fluid pericardium . Pleural effusion emphysema can cause decrease voltage complex . VATER association congenital anomalies consisting v ertebral defects , imperforate nus , t racheo e sophageal fistula , r adial r enal dysplasia . Q , R , S , T activity . See atrial Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . E · lec · tra com · plex female counterpart Oedipus male ; term used describe unresolved conflicts during childhood development toward father , subsequently influence woman ' s relationships men . Synonym ( s ) : father complex Electra , daughter Agamemnon ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 Electra complex n . In psychoanalysis , daughter ' s libidinal desire for her father . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . [ ilek ′ trə ] ( in psychiatry ) libidinous desire Compare oedipus complex . phallic stage . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . ( 1 ) The female counterpart complex , perceives mother rival father psychosexual source nourishment ( 2 ) An infrequently describing pathologic relationship between woman man based unresolved developmental conflicts partially analogous man Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . Psychiatry ♀ version complex , perceives mother rival father psychosexual source nourishment . Cf Delilah syndrome , Diana complex Oedipus complex McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . E · lec · tra com · plex ĕ - lek ' tră kom ' pleks Unresolved during childhood subsequently woman ' s relationships men . Electra , Agamemnon ] Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 Freudian concept , complementary featuring sexual attraction child Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Electra + complex " > Electra complex < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in AICC AIDS - related complex anti - inhibitor coagulant complex APCC atrial complex castration complex factor IX complex Ghon complex Golgi apparatus HLA complex immune complex immunocomplex inferior olivary complex inferiority complex major histocompatibility complex membrane attack complex MHC Mycobacterium avium - intracellulare complex Medical browser ▲ elderberry eldercare elderly elderly animals elderly neglect elderly primigravida Eldisine Eldopaque ELE ele - ele ( o ) - e - learning elecampane elective elective abortion elective admission elective affinity elective care elective culture elective delivery elective induction of labor elective mutism elective surgery elective therapy electo - biomagnetics electret electric electric anesthesia electric bath electric blood warmer electric burn electric cardiac pacemaker electric cataract electric cautery electric charge electric chorea electric circuit electric current electric facelift electric field electric force electric generator electric impedance electric irritability electric knife electric light baker electric muscle stimulator electric ophthalmia electric organ electric potential ▼ Full browser ▲ electorates electorates Electoress Electorial Electorial Electors Electors Electors at large Electors of president Electorship Electorship electorships electorships Electowinning electr - electr - Electra Electra ( disambiguation ) Electra Central Credit Union Electra Doppler Radar Electra Doppler Radar Electra Financial Services Ltd Electra Glide in Blue Electra Independent School District Electra paradox Electrabel Customer Solution Electrabel Green Projects Flanders Electre Electrepeter Electress Electress of Bavaria Electress of Brandenburg Electress of Hanover Electress of Saxony electresses electret Electret Condenser Microphone Electret effect Electret effect electret headphone Electret microphone electret transducer electrets electrets ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"Electra complex"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Electrical+Nerve+Stimulation
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Electrical Nerve Stimulation Electrical Nerve Stimulation Definition Electrical nerve stimulation , also called transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation ( TENS ) , is a noninvasive , drug - free pain management technique . By sending electrical signals to underlying nerves , the battery - powered TENS device can relieve a wide range of chronic and acute pain Purpose TENS is used to relieve pain caused by variety of chronic conditions , including : neck and lower back headache / migraine arthritis post - herpetic neuralgia ( lingering after an attack shingles sciatica ( pain radiating from lower back , through the legs , foot ) temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis amputation ( phantom limb ) fibromyalgia ( a condition causing aching stiffness throughout body ) The device also effective against short - term pain , such as : shingles ( painful skin eruptions along nerves ) bursitis ( inflammation tissue surrounding joint ) childbirth post - surgical fractures muscle joint sports injuries menstrual cramps Precautions Because may interfere with pacemaker function , patients with pacemakers should consult cardiologist before using unit . Patients should avoid stimulation in front neck , which can be hazardous . The safety during pregnancy has not been established . does n ' t cure any condition ; it simply eases pain . Patients who are not sure what causing their consult physician before using TENS . Description small battery - powered stimulator that produces low - intensity signals through electrodes on or near painful area , producing tingling sensation that reduces pain . There no dosage limitation , patient controls amount relief . Some experts believe works by blocking in spinal cord , or delivering impulses underlying fibers lessen experience Others suspect triggers release natural painkillers body . rent unit buying one , see if it effective against their Preparation After has been prescribed , doctor will refer patient specialist , who will explain how use machine . specialist works determine settings electrode placements for best relief . Key terms Fibromyalgia A condition characterized aching stiffness , fatigue poor sleep , as well as tenderness at various sites on body . Osteoarthritis A painful disease aggravated mechanical stress . Phantom limb perception limb present ( and throbbing pain ) after amputated . Post - herpetic neuralgia Lingering last for years an attack shingles . Sciatica Pain radiates along sciatic nerve , extending from buttock down leg foot . Temporomandibular joint pain ( TMJ ) Pain other symptoms affecting head , jaw , face are caused when jaw joints muscles controlling them do n ' t work together correctly . Risks nonaddictive completely safe . only side effect may be slight skin irritation redness some people , which prevented different gels electrodes . Normal results amount relief person gets depends cause pain , person ' s mental state , whether medication used . At least one study found both real machine placebo were equally reducing This suggests at least part its effectiveness due patient ' s belief its ability ease Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . Patient discussion about Electrical Nerve Stimulation Q . How does Transcutaneous ( TENS ) unit help fibromyalgia . My aunt was suggested go TENS . Will really help ? How does Transcutaneous ( TENS ) help fibromyalgia ? A . ‘ TENS ’ units prescribed sufferers fibromyalgia patients . What tens unit ? Tens stands stimulation . tens essentially consisting electrodes attached skin , itself , battery provide current . Tens uses electricity block nerves sending messages . More discussions about Electrical Nerve Stimulation This content is provided by iMedix and is subject to iMedix Terms . The Questions and Answers are not endorsed or recommended and are made available by patients , not doctors . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Electrical + Nerve + Stimulation " > Electrical Nerve Stimulation < / a > Mentioned in acute pain backache bearing - down pain BioStim chronic pain cognitive stimulation cutaneous stimulation DBS deep brain stimulation dolor electrical stimulation electroanalagesia electroanalgesia fast pain five - element theory galvanic electric stimulation gate control theory ( 1965 ) gate theory GBS Medical browser ▲ electric potential gradient electric sector electric shock Electric Shock Injuries electric shock therapy electric spinal orthosis electric stimulus electric vibrator electrical acupuncture electrical alternans electrical alternation electrical alternation of heart electrical axis electrical burn electrical dental analgesia electrical diastole electrical failure electrical formula electrical galvanic stimulation electrical heart position electrical impedance tomography electrical injury electrical leakage electrical muscle stimulator electrical patch electrical silence electrical source imaging electrical stimulation Electrical Stimulation of the Brain electrical storm electrical systole electrically stimulated osteogenesis electrically - enhanced drug delivery electricity electro - electroacoustic electroacupuncture electroacupuncture according to Voll electroacupuncture after Voll electroacupuncture biofeedback electroacupuncture by Voll Electro - Acuscope electroaffinity electroanalagesia electroanalgesia electroanalysis electroanalytic chemistry electroanesthesia Electroautophilia ▼ Full browser ▲ electrical measurement Electrical measurements Electrical Measurements Console Electrical Measuring Instrument , Combined Electrical Mechanical Contractor Electrical Mechanical Instrument Services electrical metallic conduit electrical metallic conduit Electrical Metallic Tubing Electrical Metallic Tubing Electrical meter Electrical microphone Electrical microphone electrical model Electrical Moisture Absorption Electrical motor Electrical motor Electrical Motor Repair Institute Electrical Motor Unit Electrical Motor - Driven Pump Electrical multiple unit Electrical Multiplexing System Electrical Munitions Disposal System Electrical Muscle Stimulation unit electrical muscle stimulator Electrical network Electrical network Electrical Network Frequency Electrical Network Monitoring & Control Electrical Network Unit Electrical New Zealand Limited Electrical noise Electrical noise Electrical Nonmetallic Tubing Electrical Nonmetallic Tubing Electrical North Incorporated Electrical Notebook Electrical Numerical Integrator and Calculator electrical oil Electrical Operating Area Electrical Operating Enclosure Electrical Operator Electrical Optical Circuit Board electrical outlet Electrical over Stress Electrical Overstress Electrical Oxide Thickness Electrical Pain Detection Tolerance Electrical Panel Electrical Parameter electrical patch ▼
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[
"Electrical Nerve Stimulation",
"Definition"
] |
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Electrical+conductivity
|
conductivity ( redirected from Electrical conductivity Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Acronyms Encyclopedia Wikipedia conductivity kon ″ duk - tiv ĭ - te capacity for conduction . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . con · duc · tiv · i · ty kon ' dŭk - tiv ' i - tē ) , 1 . The power of transmission or conveyance of certain forms energy , as heat , sound , and electricity , without perceptible motion in the conducting body . 2 . The property , inherent in living protoplasm , transmitting a state excitation ; for example , muscle or nerve . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / con · duc · tiv · i · ty / kon ″ duk - tiv ĭ - te the capacity a body to transmit flow electricity heat ; conductance per unit area body . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( kŏn ′ dŭk - tĭv ′ ĭ - tē ) n . pl . conductivi · ties 1 . ability power to conduct transmit heat , electricity , sound . 2 . conductance material . 3 . Physiology conductibility structure , especially ability nerve wave excitation . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . an electric other system sound , light , electromagnetic energy . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . con · duc · tiv · i · ty kon ' dŭk - tiv ' i - tē transmission conveyance certain forms energy , such as and without perceptible motion conducting property , inherent living protoplasm , transmitting state excitation ; e.g. , muscle nerve . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 property an electric current . passage physiological disturbance through tissue cell , NERVE IMPULSE Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 con · duc · tiv · i · ty Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 conductivity , n conduction ; convey . conductivity , electrical n material conduct electricity . Metals are usually good conductors , nonmetals are poor conductors . thermal material transfer heat . Thermal is great importance dentistry , where low thermal is desirable restorative high desirable when soft tissue covered . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . conduction . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Electrical + conductivity " > conductivity < / a > Mentioned in acute mastitis alkali metal ambulatory anesthesia anelectrotonus anesthesia Arrhenius doctrine association neuron balanced anesthesia basal anesthesia bioelectric impedance analysis bioelectrical impedance bioelectrical impedance analysis block anesthesia cardiac glycoside catelectrotonus caudal anesthesia central anesthesia Chloride , Sweat closed anesthesia Medical browser ▲ electric generator electric impedance electric irritability electric knife electric light baker electric muscle stimulator electric ophthalmia electric organ electric potential electric potential difference electric potential gradient electric sector electric shock Electric Shock Injuries electric shock therapy electric spinal orthosis electric stimulus electric vibrator electrical electrical acupuncture electrical alternans electrical alternation electrical alternation of heart electrical axis electrical burn Electrical conductivity electrical dental analgesia electrical diastole electrical failure electrical formula electrical galvanic stimulation electrical heart position electrical impedance tomography electrical injury electrical leakage electrical muscle stimulator Electrical Nerve Stimulation electrical patch electrical silence electrical source imaging electrical stimulation Electrical Stimulation of the Brain electrical storm electrical systole electrically stimulated osteogenesis electrically - enhanced drug delivery electricity electro - electroacoustic electroacupuncture electroacupuncture according to Voll ▼ Full browser ▲ electrical circuit electrical circuit Electrical Circuit Characterization and Diagnostic electrical circuit theory Electrical code Electrical codes Electrical Codes Board Electrical college Electrical college Electrical Communication Electrical Communication Engineering Electrical communications Electrical Complexes of Vehicles Electrical component Electrical Component Assembly Electrical components Electrical Computer - Aided Engineering electrical condenser electrical condenser Electrical conductance electrical conduction electrical conduction Electrical conduction in gases Electrical conduction system of the heart electrical conductivity analyzer Electrical conductivity of metals Electrical conductor Electrical conductor Electrical conductors Electrical conduit Electrical conduit Electrical Connectivity Check Electrical connector Electrical connector Electrical connectors Electrical Consultants , Inc . electrical contact electrical contact Electrical Contact Ring Assembly Electrical contacts Electrical contacts Electrical Contracting Services Electrical Contractor Electrical Contractor Registration Agency Electrical Contractor ' s Association Electrical Contractors Association Electrical Contractors Association of Alberta ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"Medical Dictionary",
"Electrical conductivity"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Electronic+health+record
|
electronic health record Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Encyclopedia Wikipedia electronic health record ( EHR ) a computerized repository for a patient ' s health information providing information to members of the health care team regarding clinical encounter . Many systems can also provide decision support , quality assurance and outcome data . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . electronic health record A computerised record of person ' s “ transactions ” in the UK , collated from summaries individual electronic patient records and other relevant data . The ultimate goal is that every person in UK will have lifelong , data - protected EHR from birth to death , which will “ travel ” with them even if they change doctor or move around country ; EHRs eventually replace paper patient records . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . e · lec · tron · ic med · i · cal re · cord ( EMR ) ĕ - lek - tron ' ik med ' i - kăl rek ' ŏrd A computerized ( i.e. , digitized ) system for maintaining that generally includes patients ' presenting ( chief ) complaints , history prior illnesses , prior diagnostic testing , medical treatments . Electronic records are used as substitute traditional paper medical record ; material is easier access update . Synonym ( s ) : Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 record ( rek ' ord ) 1 . written account something . See : problem - oriented medical record 2 . In dentistry , registration jaw relations malleable material or on device . anecdotal records Notes used nursing education document observed incidents student ' s clinical behavior related attainment learning objectives . Such anecdotal notes have not been treated as hearsay evidence court but been upheld documented evidence failing student . Abbreviation : EHR Electronic medical record . electronic medical record Abbreviation : EMR database typically includes demographic , past surgical , preventive , laboratory radiographic , drug about patient . It repository active notations about patient ' s health . Most EMRs also contain billing insurance other accounting tools . Synonym : electronic functional chew - in record natural chewing action mandible made on an occlusion rim by teeth scribing studs . interocclusal record Bite plate . medical record written transcript obtained patient , guardian , professionals concerning history , diagnostic tests , diagnoses , treatment , prognosis . medication administration record MAR file maintained hospital units documents schedule dosing medications given patients . open medical record accessible by his her personal review . personal health record summary care status ( allergies , drugs taken , past hospitalizations , lab tests , radiology results , surgeries ) kept privately rather than stored hospital third - party database . Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / electronic + health + record " > electronic health record < / a > Mentioned in alert fatigue Armed Forces Health Longitudinal Technology Application authentication computer - assisted interviewing data integrity digital signature electronic medical record EMR EPR GP2GP Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act integrity patient portal populate scalability Scottish Care Information Programme touch screen VistA - Office Electronic Health Record Medical browser ▲ electron - dense electronegative electronegativity electroneurodiagnostic technologist electroneurography electroneurolysis electroneuromyography electroneuronography electronic aids to activities of daily living electronic bulletin board electronic cell counter electronic cigarette electronic claims processing electronic configuration electronic data capture electronic data interchange electronic data transfer electronic dental anesthesia electronic fetal monitor electronic fetal monitoring electronic fetal monitoring : antepartum electronic fetal monitoring : intrapartum Electronic fetal nonstress test electronic funds transfer electronic implantable infusion pump electronic infusion device electronic intensive care unit electronic journal electronic mail electronic Medicines Compendium electronic number electronic pacemaker load electronic personal health record electronic potential electronic prescribing electronic record electronic remittance advice Electronic Residency Application Service electronic signature electronic smart health cards Electronic Staff Record electronic stethoscope electronic syringe electronic thermometer electronic travel aid electronically powered instrumentation electronics electrons ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"electronic health record",
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Euthanization
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euthanasia ( redirected from Euthanization Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Encyclopedia euthanasia u ″ thah - na zhah 1 . an easy or painless death . 2 . the deliberate ending of life of a person suffering from an incurable disease . In recent years the concept has been broadened to include practice withholding extraordinary means or “ heroic measures , ” and thus allowing patient to die ( see extraordinary treatment ) . A distinction was traditionally made between positive active euthanasia , in which there is deliberate ending life and action is taken cause death in a person , negative passive euthanasia , which withholding life - preserving procedures treatments that would prolong one who incurably terminally ill could not survive without them . However , now all generally understood be active , so more accurate term forgoing life - sustaining treatment replacing passive euthanasia . See also advance directives voluntary see assisted suicide Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . eu · tha · na · si · a yū - thă - nā ' zē - ă ) , 1 . A quiet , painless death . 2 . The intentional putting death person with incurable painful disease intended as act mercy . [ eu - + G . thanatos , death ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / eu · tha · na · sia / u ″ thah - na zhah easy mercy killing ; suffering from disease . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( yo͞o ′ thə - nā ′ zhə , - zhē - ə ) n . The act practice animal having terminal illness medical condition that causes perceived as incompatible with acceptable quality life , by lethal injection suspension certain medical treatments . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . [ yo̅o̅ ′ thənā ′ zhə ] Etymology : Gk , eu , good ; thanatos , 1 also called mercy killing causing who disease condition . It may be active , such by administration lethal drug , passive , such treatment . Legal authorities , church leaders , philosophers , commentators on ethics morality usually distinguish active euthanasia . 2 easy , quiet , Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . induction death , painlessly putting patient disease ; administration medications — e.g. , narcotics barbiturates — to terminally ill at his / her own request , end Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . Medical ethics induction death , painlessly Pt disease ; medications – eg narcotics barbiturates Pt at Pt ' s own request , end his / her life . See Advance directive DNR Initiative 119 , Kevorkian , Physician - assisted suicide Slow code Social McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . eu · tha · na · si · a yū ' thă - nā ' zē - ă intentional painful disease , intended mercy . Synonym ( s ) : man - made death ( 1 ) eu - + G . death ] Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 Mercy killing . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 killing relieve human Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 Euthanasia animal allowing them die services , usually because Mercy killing another term for Mentioned in : Bereavement Suicide Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . euthanasia ( yōō · th · nāˑ · zh n facilitating patient , whether activity , drugs hasten ( known ) , passive , life - extending ( passive euthanasia ) Jonas : Mosby ' s Dictionary of Complementary and Alternative Medicine . ( c ) 2005 , Elsevier . eu · tha · na · si · a yū ' thă - nā ' zē - ă eu - Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 ( ū thənā zhə ) , n deliberately bringing about condition ; called mercy killing . Active illegal most jurisdictions ; some support systems , has legal standing some jurisdictions . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . killing , put down , put sleep . For individual intravenous injection massive dose barbiturate best . Any narcotizing drug creates difficulties if carcass disposed for pet meat . In those cases shooting bullet captive bolt pistol recommended because speed despatch . For large numbers animals pound shelter , procedures are still superior bulk methods all have fallibility poorly managed supervised machinery . Carbon monoxide very fast but dangerous operators cabinet . Electrocution can not performed en masse gassing carbon monoxide lowering atmospheric pressure are not really quick enough . Small laboratory animals still despatched sharp blow head birds guillotine separation cervical vertebrae . electrical uses mains electrical current passed through subject ' s body via clips applied skin ear tail . Not much employed danger human operators , likelihood equipment failure need close contact device . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Euthanization " > euthanasia < / a > Facebook Twitter Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in active euthanasia advance directive AICD air embolism Angels of Death anomaly aortic aortic bulb aortic coarctation aortic hiatus aortic nerve aortic regurgitation aortic sac aortic septal defect aortic sinus aortic vestibule apothanasia assisted death assisted suicide References in periodicals archive He said the issues raised with the euthanization of the dog were of concern , as was liability exposure faced by the city from volunteers being bitten , adopters being bitten , dogs getting hurt in fights and other issues . Fitchburg ' s animal shelter is no longer taking in animals ; Action follows investigation by state into euthanization of dog in April The country is considering expanding the law to include dementia patients and ill children whose parents consent to euthanization Deaf Twins Euthanized : Belgian Brothers Marc And Eddy Verbessem Wanted To Die Because They Were Going Blind Blood was collected at the time of from all animals . Molecular characterization of thyroid toxicity : anchoring gene expression profiles to biochemical and pathologic end points After , BALF was flushed 3 times with 2 ml HBSS each time . Comparison of solid - state - cultured and wood - cultured Antrodia camphorata in anti - inflammatory effects using NF - [ Kappa ] B / luciferase inducible transgenic mice 21 This Request for Written Quyotes is intended to prequalify vendors to secure the services of experienced veterinarians to provide Rabies Submission Services including but not limited to , processing and shipping of wild or unowned animals recommended for rabies testing . Rabies submission services for department of health and human services In lieu of or disposal of Phineas and Phoebe , increased measures for adequate containment and restraint of the petitioners ' dogs to reasonably ensure the protection of petitioners ' neighbors and the public are clearly warranted and reasonable , " Judge Yee wrote . Judge backs 8 - foot fence to corral dogs ; Credible evidence ' shows Airedales vicious ' The Greenhill Humane Society offered to take the dogs as part of its second chance program , which accepts animals facing at other shelters . SHE ' S gONE TO THE DOGS , AND BACK The risk for MPXV infection and spread among prairie dogs are mitigated by current import and trade restrictions and the death or of most animals directly associated with the outbreak . Qualitative assessment of risk for monkeypox associated with domestic trade in certain animal species , United States Facing restrictive " no pets allowed " building rules and the typically high cost of transporting an animal , many pets are abandoned to shelters which , lacking space , turn to to stem the tide . Pets Left Behind as America ' s Moving Season Begins ; Upgraded Online Tools Help Owners Find Pet - Friendly Housing Cupertino , CA , USA ) placed intraperitoneally and delivering 42 [ micro ] g / kg / h ( 1 mg / kg / day ) pure genistein in its aglycone form throughout the 3 days until Soy - derived phytoestrogens as preventive and acute neuroprotectors in experimental ischemic stroke : influence of rat strain Tashjian ' s horses for EIA in 1994 , finding that a barn for his horses was inadequate to quarantine EIA - positive animals in 2001 , and more testing and some of EIA - positive animals in 2008 and 2009 . Euthanasia order fought ; State fears deadly animal disease ; vet says horse more valuable alive Virus was isolated from its brain after and from the serum of a recently vaccinated stablemate . Postepizootic persistence of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus , Venezuela More results ► Medical browser ▲ Eustachio Eustachio Bartolomeo Eustachio , Bartolommeo E . eustachitis Eustachys distichophylla Eustacian tube eusthenia eustress eustrongylides eustrongyloides Eustrongylus eusystole eusystolic Eutamius eutechtic mixture of local anesthetics eutectic eutectic alloy eutectic mixture eutectic mixture of local anaesthetic eutectic mixture of local anesthetics eutectic temperature eutelegenesis euthanasiate euthanatize Euthanization euthanize euthenics eutherapeutic Eutheria eutherian euthermic euthymia euthymic euthymism euthyroid euthyroid goiter euthyroid hypometabolism euthyroid sick syndrome euthyroidism euthyscope euthyscopy eutocia eutomer eutony Eutonyl eutopic eutrichosis Eutrombicula eutrophia eutrophic ▼ Full browser ▲ Euthanasy Euthanasy euthanatise euthanatize euthanatized euthanatized euthanatizes euthanatizes euthanatizing euthanatizing euthanaze euthanaze Euthanisation Euthanisation Euthanise Euthanise euthanised euthanised euthanises euthanises euthanising euthanising euthanize euthanized euthanized euthanizes euthanizes euthanizing euthanizing Euthasol Euthasol Eutheism Eutheism and Dystheism Eutheism vs . dystheism Eutheism , dystheism , and maltheism Eutheist Euthenasia Euthenasia euthenics euthenist euthenist ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Expression+of+genes
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gene expression ( redirected from Expression of genes Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia expression eks - presh un 1 . the aspect or appearance of the face as determined by physical or emotional state . 2 . act of squeezing out evacuating by pressure . 3 . gene expression gene expression 1 . flow genetic information from gene to protein . 2 . process , regulation process , which effects a are manifested . 3 . manifestation a heritable trait in an individual carrying genes that determine it . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . gene ex · pres · sion detectable effect gene . appearance an inherited trait ; for many genetic ( for example , recessiveness , hypostasis , parastasis ) and environmental ( the absence pertinent challenges ) reasons , may not be expressed at all . In those circumstances , it will have no impact on Darwinian evolution . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 flow information from to protein ; regulation which effects are manifested ; manifestation heritable trait in individual carrying genes that determine it . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Genetics The process gene ' s coded is translated into structures present and operating cell . See Gene mRNA , Protein RNA Transcription , Translation , tRNA . McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . gene ex · pres · sion jēn eks - presh ' ŭn The detectable effect gene . Appearance inherited trait ; for many reasons , may not be expressed at all . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 processes effecting transfer encoded GENE functional product ( PROTEIN RNA ) . Generally , is equated with processes TRANSCRIPTION TRANSLATION However , where product only transcription involved . A active Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 unit heredity most simply defined as specific segment DNA , usually order 1000 nucleotides , specifies single polypeptide . Many phenotypic characteristics determined single gene , while others multigenic . Genes specifically located linear order along DNA molecule makes up each chromosome . All eukaryotic cells contain diploid ( 2n ) set chromosomes so two copies each gene , one derived parent , present cell ; two copies often specify different phenotype , i.e . polypeptide will have somewhat different amino acid composition . These alternative forms both within between individuals , called alleles . Genes physical ( structural genes ) , biochemical ( enzymes ) , physiological behavioral characteristics animal . formation gametes ( sperm , ova ) involves process meiosis , allows crossing over between four pairs chromosomes , derived parent , means new forms particular chromosome created . Gamete formation also results cells ( gametes ) with haploid ( n ) set chromosomes fertilization creates new individual , recombinant 2n chromosomes , half way ovum mother half via spermatozoa father . Changes nucleotide sequence either substitution nucleotide deletion insertion other nucleotides , constitute mutations add diversity animal species creating alleles can used basis selection phenotypes . Some mutations , they base change major deletion , lethal . action way exert their on tissues processes , e.g . being dominant recessive , partially so , being absent , sex - linked , involved chromosomal aberrations . allelic g ' s particular usually situated same position ( locus ) pair chromosomes . amplification see duplication ( below ) . bank collection DNA sequences given genome . Called also library . barring responsible barred pattern feathers Barred Plymouth Rock birds . box see box ( 4 ) . clone clone cluster group related common ancestral located closely together same chromosome . Called multigene family . complementary g ' s independent pairs nonallelic genes , neither functional without other . conversion non - reciprocal exchange elements during meiosis results rearrangement chromosomal DNA . dhfr dihydrofolate reductase gene ; enzyme required maintain cellular concentrations H 2 folate biosynthesis , has been used ' selective marker ' ; lacking enzyme only survive media containing thymidine , glycine purines ; mutant ( dhfr ) transfected dhfr ′ can selectively grown medium lacking these elements . diversity ( D ) ( D ) segment ; contribute hypervariable region immunoglobulins . dominant one produces ( the phenotype ) organism regardless state corresponding allele . Examples traits short hair cats black coat color dogs . duplication result non - homologous recombination , chromosome carries more expression ( 3 ) frequency proportion substances animals group carry holandric Y appearing male offspring . immune response ( Ir ) major histocompatibility complex ( MHC ) govern immune response immunogens . jumping mobile dna knockout replacement normal mutant allele , knockout mice . lethal whose presence brings about death organism permits survival under certain conditions . library bank ( above ) . locus locus has undergone mutation . non - protein encoding final products some molecules rather than proteins . overlapping when more than mRNA transcribed sequence ; mRNAs reading frame but size they reading frames . pool total all possessed all members population capable reproducing during their lifetime . probe probe ( 2 ) . recessive produces when it transmitted both parents , i.e . homozygous . regulator repressor synthesizes repressor , substance which , through interaction operator switches off activity structural associated operon . reporter products measured therefore indicator whether construct successfully been transferred . sex - linked carried sex chromosome , especially X splicing splicing structural sequences coding proteins . therapy insertion into host alter its phenotype , treat defect . transcription transfer recombination tumor suppressor class encode proteins normally suppress cell division mutated allow continue unrestricted cell division result tumor . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Expression + of + genes " > gene expression < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in abundance mRNA ACTH deficiency , isolated ADGE Profiling ankyrin repeat ARID5A Baltimore Affair beta ( beta ) - galactosidase binding domain bioluminescent reporter CACNA1A CACNA1B CACNA1C CACNA1D CACNA1E CASC3 CDP CDX1 cell - cell signaling pathway chloramphenicol acetyl transferase References in periodicals archive Differential expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism in longissimus dorsi of Korean bulls and steers . Effects of dietary restriction on the expression of lipid metabolism and growth hormone signaling genes in the longissimus dorsi muscle of Korean cattle steers In addition to a reduction in genes important for cognitive function , there was an elevated expression of genes that are associated with stress and repair mechanisms and genes linked to inflammation and immune responses . Brain breakdown begins in 40s New Brunswick , NJ , a biotechnology company using nutragenomics to develop wellness products from plants that alter the responsible for human disease , has received $ 3 million in the form of equity capital , through a private offering of preferred stock , from venture - capital investors led by Amphion Capital Partners LLC , New York , NY . WellGen receives investment from Amphion Capital Partners are described for determining the level of for specific types of PDGF receptor United States Department of Health & Human Services obtains United States patent Microarray analysis can elucidate the true nature of the " expressed genome " by confirming the of unknown function . Microbial Genomics : From Sequence to Function Human Gene Therapy is an authoritative peer - reviewed journal published monthly in print and online that presents reports on the transfer and in mammals , including humans . Safety and Potential Efficacy of Gene Therapy to Treat Genetic Disorder in Humans is Described in Human Gene Therapy 2192172 ) are entitled " System for Expression of Genes in Plants , " and include claims to methods for expressing one or more polynucleotides of interest using a set of plant viral vectors that function together . iBio awarded protein expression technology patents in the US and Europe Expression of genes hypothetically involved in the temperature adaptation will be also studied in different body tissues , after short and long term exposure to a temperature higher than natural . POLAREXPRESS : TEMPERATURE DRIVES EVOLUTION : IN SEARCH OF GENE EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES BETWEEN EURYTHERM AND POLAR STENOTHERM FISHES Since microRNAs normally suppress the , when a microRNA is overexpressed , the affected gene gets silenced . Marijuana may help treat autoimmune disorders Transformation of breast cells occurs through loss or mutation of tumor suppressor genes , or activation or amplification of oncogenes , leading to deregulation of signal transduction pathways , abnormal amplification of growth signals , and aberrant that ultimately transform the cells into invasive cancer . Novel agents for the prevention of breast cancer : targeting transcription factors and signal transduction pathways The authors report that higher urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites were associated with reduced involved in trophoblast differentiation , but exposures were not clearly associated with steroidogenesis gene expression . Prenatal phthalate exposure and placental gene expression In addition to decreasing the expression of certain oncogenes such as HER - 2 / neu , E1A also has been shown to increase the that lead to cell death . Targeted Genetics expands patent portfolio for program More results ► Medical browser ▲ exposed dose exposed pulp exposure exposure angle exposure assessment exposure dose exposure index exposure keratitis exposure limit exposure meter exposure pathway exposure response prevention therapy exposure switch exposure therapy exposure unit exposure - prone express express consent expressed juice expressed mustard oil expressed sequence tag expressed skull fracture expressing milk expression library expression vector expressive aphasia expressive arts therapy expressive language disorder expressive motor aphasia expressivity expulsion rate expulsive expulsive pain expulsive pains expulsive stage of labor exquisite exsanguinate exsanguination exsanguine exsect exsection Exserohilum Exserohilum rostratum exsert exserted exsheathing fluid exsheathment exsiccant exsiccata ▼ Full browser ▲ Expression ( mathematics ) Expression Based Document Generation Expression Based Object Language Expression Blend Expression College for Digital Arts Expression Data Mining Tool Expression Design Expression Développement Jeunesse Expression Engine Expression from Days 9.5 Expression Gate Expression Language expression library Expression List expression mark expression mark expression marks expression marks Expression Media Expression of Appreciation expression of choice expression of contrary opinions expression of conviction expression of disapproval expression of discontent Expression of Dissatisfaction expression of grief Expression of Growth Factor Receptor expression of ideas Expression Of Interest Expression Of Interest Questionnaire expression of merit expression of opinion expression of opinion for or against expression of pain expression of satisfaction expression of views expression of will Expression pedal Expression pedal Expression Plane Expression Quantitative Trait Loci Expression Service Expression Site Associated Gene Product 6 Expression Site - Associated Gene Expression Studio Expression Studio Expression Support Expression tree expression vector Expression Web ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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"gene",
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/External+Auditory+Meatus
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external auditory meatus Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Acronyms Encyclopedia Wikipedia Related to external auditory meatus : auditory canal auditory tube External acoustic meatus ex · ter · nal a · cous · tic me · a · tus [ TA ] the passage leading inward through the tympanic portion of temporal bone , from auricle to tympanic membrane ; it consists of a bony ( inner ) portion and a fibrocartilaginous ( outer ) portion , cartilaginous external acoustic meatus . Synonym ( s ) : meatus acusticus externus [ TA ] , acoustic meatus ( 1 ) antrum auris auditory canal ear canal external auditory meatus Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 external auditory canal , external auditory meatus See external acoustic meatus Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . ex · ter · nal a · cous · tic me · a · tus eks - tĕr ' năl ă - kūs ' tik mē - ā ' tŭs [ TA ] The passage leading inward through temporal bone , from auricle to membrane ; it consists bony ( inner ) and fibrocartilaginous ( outer ) portion , cartilaginous external acoustic meatus . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 The skin - lined ear , outside eardrum ( tympanic membrane ) . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 or external auditory meatus canal PINNA ( outer ear ) ear drum . Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 auditory pertaining ear or sense hearing . auditory apparatus comprises membrane , ossicles that connect membrane oval window internal ear , membranous labyrinth its contained endolymph , labyrinth ' s cochlear duct , organ Corti , specialized sensory epithelium lining duct , sensory hair cells organ Corti receptors nerve that terminate at base hair cells . bulb membranous labyrinth cochlea . conditioning signals sounds used condition animals certain procedures events , such as gathering at sound bell trumpet , milking sound radio , whistle signals sheep dog . meatus air - filled tubular extension eardrum . internal meatus canal in petrous bone accommodates VIIth VIIIth cranial nerves . nerve eighth cranial nerve ; called also vestibulocochlear nerve . See Table 14 . ossicles malleus , incus stapes , three small bones cavity ear . They form connecting system membrane oval window is opening ear . tube narrow channel connecting nasopharynx middle also pharyngotympanic tube Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / external + auditory + meatus " > external auditory meatus < / a > Mentioned in acanthomeatal line acoustic meatus air cell of Lenoir ankylotia anthropological baseline antrum auris Arnold reflex Arnold ’ s nerve reflex cough syndrome Aspergillus niger atrium of the ear auditory meatus auditory plate auricular arc auricular line auricular point auriculare auris dextra auris sinistra Medical browser ▲ extensor tetanus extensor thrust extensor thrust reflex extenuate exterior exterior olfactory convolution exteriorize extermination extern external abdominal oblique muscle external abdominal region external absorption external acoustic meatus external acoustic pore external anal sphincter external anal sphincter muscle external aperture of aqueduct of vestibule external aperture of canaliculus of cochlea external aperture of tympanic canaliculus external arcuate fibers external audit External Auditor external auditory canal external auditory foramen external axis of eye external ballistics external base of skull external beam radiotherapy external branch of superior laryngeal nerve external branch of trunk of accessory nerve external capsule external carotid ( nerve ) plexus external carotid artery external carotid nerve external carotid nerves external carotid plexus external carotid steal syndrome external cephalic version external cervical os external chest compression external chest massage external clot external conjugate external conjugate diameter external counterpulsation external cuneate nucleus external cuneiform bone external defibrillator external dental epithelium ▼ Full browser ▲ external aspect External Assessment and Strategic Planning External Assessments Bureau External Asset Manager External Assistance Management Report External Associate external audience External Audio in External Audit External Audit External audit staff External audit staff External auditor External auditor External auditors External auditors external auditory canal external auditory foramen external auditory meatuses external auditory meatuses External Auditory Receptor External Audits External Audits External Authoring Interface External Authoritative Name Servers External Auxiliary Fresh Water External Auxiliary Power Unit external axis of eye External Backup and Restore External Balance External Balanced Scorecard External Balances External ballistics external base of skull external beam external beam irradiation external beam irradiation External Beam Pelvic Irradiation External Beam Radiation External Beam Radiation Therapy External beam radiotherapy External beam radiotherapy External beam radiotherapy or teletherapy External beam teletherapy ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Exudates+and+transudates
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exudate ( redirected from Exudates and transudates Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia exudate eks u - dāt a fluid with a high content of protein and cellular debris that has escaped from blood vessels and has been deposited in tissues or on tissue surfaces , usually as result of inflammation . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ex · u · date eks ' ū - dāt ) , Any fluid or semisolid that exuded out tissue its capillaries , more specifically because injury inflammation ( for example , peritoneal pus in peritonitis , the forms scab over skin abrasion ) which case it is characteristically high protein white blood cells . Compare : transudate Synonym ( s ) : exudation ( 2 ) [ L . ex , out , + sudo , to sweat ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / ex · u · date / eks u - dāt with content cellular debris which escaped from vessels been deposited tissues on surfaces , usually as result inflammation . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . [ eks ′ yoo͡dāt ] Etymology : L , exsudare , to sweat out fluid , cells , other substances have slowly exuded , discharged , cells through small pores breaks cell membranes . Perspiration , pus , serum are sometimes identified exudates . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Internal medicine A cell protein - rich extravasates the capillaries . See Hard exudate , Pleural exudate Waxy exudate . McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . ex · u · date eks ' yū - dāt Any exuded its capillaries because injury Compare : transudate Synonym ( s ) : exudation ( 2 ) [ L . ex , out , + sudo , sweat ] Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 1 . A protein - rich fluid , such serum pus , leaked discharged by cells tissues . 2 . The accumulation deposition such tissues . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 material comes cut pore break surface an organism , sweat debris . Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 Exudate The type pleural effusion results inflammation other disease pleura itself . It features cloudy containing proteins . Mentioned in : Hemophilus Infections Pleural Effusion Retinopathies Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . any capillaries injury , infection Illustrated Dictionary of Podiatry and Foot Science by Jean Mooney © 2009 Elsevier Limited . All rights reserved . liquid semisolid discharged through surface into cavity . Exudates retina are opacities escape plasma white defective vessels . They look greyish - white yellowish circular ovoid shape . They sometimes classified into three groups according size : ( 1 ) punctate hard exudates , often tend coalesce . found diabetic retinopathy , Coats ' disease , etc . ; exudates moderate size , cotton - wool soft exudates ' as , for example , branch / central retinal vein occlusion , hypertensive retinopathy , etc . These ' exudates ' have ill - defined margins actually areas ischaemia containing cytoid bodies , unlike hard exudates generally lipid deposits ; ( 3 ) larger exudates , found severe forms retinopathy . Millodot : Dictionary of Optometry and Visual Science , 7th edition . © 2009 Butterworth - Heinemann ex · u · date eks ' yū - dāt oozed capillaries , more specifically case it is characteristically cells . Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 exudate ( eks ōōdāt ) n outpouring substance , exudated suppuration fluid . exudate , purulent ( eks ōōdāt pyūr ələnt ) , n pus suppuration exudes gingival contains mixture enzymes , dead tissue , bacteria , leukocytes , primarily neutrophils . gingival outpouring an inflammatory Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . It may be septic nonseptic . See also exudative Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Exudates + and + transudates " > exudate < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in acute inflammation acute pulmonary alveolitis adaptic adhesive inflammation adhesive peritonitis albuminous periostitis AlgiDERM Allevyn atrophic inflammation candle wax drippings catarrhal inflammation chronic inflammation circinate retinopathy Coats ' disease consolidation cotton wool patch cotton - wool exudate cotton - wool spot cream cheese appearance References in periodicals archive The limitation of this study was that it included only exudates , whereas in our study both exudates and transudates were included . A study of the utility of lactate dehydrogenase , total proteins , and adenosine deaminase in the diagnosis of pleural exudates : A new statistical approach It is widely accepted that differentiation of exudates and transudates is important for the diagnosis of pleural fluid samples . A new approach in distinguishing exudative and transudative pleural effusions / Plevral sivilarin transuda eksuda ayiriminda yeni bir yaklasim The data were divided into two separate groups according to the qualitative separation by PZE into Protein zone electrophoresis of pleural effusion : the diagnostic separation of transudates and exudates More results ► Medical browser ▲ extrinsic pathway extrinsic pathway of coagulation extrinsic posting Extrinsic Reward extrinsic sphincter extrinsic stain extro - extrogastrulation extrorse extroversion extrovert extroverted extroverted personality extrude extrusion extrusion of a tooth extrusion reflex extubate extubation extubation failure Exubera exuberant exuberant callus exuberant granulation Exudates and transudates exudation cell exudation corpuscle exudation cyst exudative exudative angina exudative bronchiolitis exudative choroiditis exudative discoid and lichenoid dermatitis exudative drusen exudative enteropathy exudative glomerulonephritis exudative inflammation exudative nephritis exudative neuritis exudative retinal detachment exudative retinitis exudative retinopathy exudative tuberculosis exudative vitreoretinopathy exude exulcerans exumbilication ex - utero - intrapartum procedure exuviae ▼ Full browser ▲ exuberant granulation exuberant granulations exuberant granulations exuberantly exuberantly exuberate exuberate exuberated exuberated exuberates exuberates exuberating exuberating Exuccous exudation cell exudation corpuscle exudation cyst exudation vein exudations exudations Exudative Age - Related Macular Degeneration exudative and diathetic eczema exudative and diathetic eczema exudative angina exudative bronchiolitis exudative choroiditis exudative dermatitis of pigs ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Ferrous+gluconate
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ferrous gluconate Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia ferrous fer us containing iron in its plus - two oxidation state , Fe ( II ) ( sometimes designated Fe 2 + ) . ferrous fumarate an oral iron preparation used in the treatment of deficiency . gluconate a hematinic that is less irritating to the gastrointestinal tract than other hematinics , and generally used as a substitute when sulfate can not be tolerated . sulfate most widely hematinic for treatment of deficiency anemia . It is believed to be less irritating than equivalent amounts ferric salts and more effective . All preparations should administered after meals , never on an empty stomach . The patient should warned that drugs cause stools turn dark green or black . Overdosage may cause severe systemic reactions . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ferrous gluconate An compound deficiency ANAEMIA A brand name formulation with FOLIC ACID vitamin C Ferfolic SV . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 containing its plus - two oxidation state , Fe ( II ) ( sometimes designated Fe 2 + ) . fumarate anhydrous salt combination fumaric acid ; as hematinic . gluconate gastrointestinal tract other hematinics , generally substitute when can not tolerated . selinite insoluble soils rich oxide tend nontoxic because formation this compound . most widely for iron - deficiency anemia . It believed equivalent amounts ferric salts more effective . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / ferrous + gluconate " > ferrous gluconate < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in Aldomet Anemia anemic Antianemia Drugs congenital hypoplastic anemia Feosol Fergon ferrous fumarate ferrous fumarate / ferrous gluconate / ferrous sulfate ferrous sulfate IDA iron deficiency anemia iron - deficiency anemia Mediterranean anemia methyldopa nutritional anemia restless legs syndrome References in periodicals archive The comparative results among the different iron supplements revealed that the commercial source ( brand H ) provided the most bioavailable iron followed by brand G . Assessing iron bioavailability from commercial supplements containing iron 000 ) after handling with , while the levels of them were significantly decreased ( p < 0 . Effect of desferal drug and green tea on the levels of lipid prophile in sera of rabbits induced diabetes mellitus by iron overload Some iron forms , such as ferrous sulfate , and ferrous lactate , are water - soluble and highly bioavailable . Heavy metal : iron & zinc fortification : national health surveys claim almost three in four Americans do n ' t meet requirements for zinc and iron TABLE Representative average wholesale prices * for various iron supplement formulations Iron supplement Generic or group brand name Dosage Ferrous salts Ferrous sulfate Tablet : 325 mg ( generic ) po tid Ferrous fumarate Tablet : 300 mg ( generic ) ( 99 mg iron ) po bid Ferrous gluconate Tablet : 325 mg ( generic ) ( 36 mg iron ) po tid Controlled Slow FE Tablet : 160 mg release ( Novartis ) ( 50 mg iron ) po tid Ferro - Grad - 500 Tablet : 105 mg iron ( Abbott ) po bid Polysaccharide - Niferex - 150 Capsule : 150 mg iron complex ( Schwarz Pharma ) iron po qd Carbonyl iron Feosol Tablet : 50 mg ( SmithKline iron po tid Beecham Iron supplement Cost of 1 - month group course Ferrous salts $ 0 . Are any oral iron formulations better tolerated than ferrous sulfate ? ( Clinical inquiries : from the family practice inquiries network ) If you need iron supplements for anaemia , opt for , which is less constipating than ferrous sulphate . Health : Flow chart - the secrets of your cycle ; How heavy , frequent or painful your periods are reveals all manner of things about the state of your health . So what ' s your time of the month telling you ? GRAS Ingredients : Calcium citrate , copper gluconate , ferrous fumarate , , ferrous lactate , magnesium phosphate dibasic , manganese citrate , manganese sulfate , manganese gluconate , zinc glucoante GRAS Ingredients Directory : compiled by Nutraceuticals world staff ; A comprehensive listing of suppliers of generally recognized as safe ( GRAS ) ingredients for functional food and beverage formulation More results ► Medical browser ▲ Ferris - Smith forceps ferritin ferritin test ferro - Ferrocap F ferrochelatase ferrocyanide ferrocytochrome Ferrograd Ferrograd Folic ferrokinetics ferromagnetic ferromagnets ferropexia Ferroplasma acidarmanus ferroporphyrin ferroportin ferroprotein ferroproteins ferrosoferric ferrotherapy ferrous citrate ferrous fumarate ferrous fumarate / ferrous gluconate / ferrous sulfate ferrous glycine sulphate ferrous sulfate ferrous sulphate ferroxidase ferrugination ferruginous ferruginous bodies ferruginous body Ferrula assa - foetida ferrule ferrum Ferrum phos Ferry Ferry line Ferry , Erwin S . Ferry - Porter law Fersaday Fersamal fertile fertile eunuch syndrome fertile period fertilisation - promoting peptide fertility fertility agent fertility awareness ▼ Full browser ▲ ferrous acetate ferrous alloy Ferrous ammonium sulfate Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate Ferrous and non - ferrous metals ferrous arsenate Ferrous Basic Integral Ferrous carbonate Ferrous carbonate Ferrous chloride ferrous citrate Ferrous compounds Ferrous compounds Ferrous concrete Ferrous concrete Ferrous ferric oxide Ferrous ferric oxide Ferrous fumarate Ferrous fumarate ferrous glycine sulphate Ferrous hydroxide Ferrous metal Ferrous Metal Detector System Ferrous Metallurgy Ferrous Metallurgy , Institute of ferrous oxalate ferrous oxide ferrous oxide ferrous selinite ferrous selinite ferrous sulfide ferrous sulfide Ferrous sulphate Ferrous sulphate Ferrous Sulphate Xylenol Orange Ferrous - Benzoic - Xylenol Ferrous - concrete Ferrous - concrete Ferrovanadium Ferrovanadium Ferrovia Centrale Umbra Ferrovia Centro Atlantica Ferrovia Paulista S.A . ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Food+faddism
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fad diet ( redirected from Food faddism Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Wikipedia fad diet Any of a number of weight - reduction diets that either eliminate one or more the essential food groups , or recommend consumption one type food in excess at the expense other foods . Fad diets rarely follow sound nutritional principles for weight loss , which focus on ingesting fewer calories and / or consuming more energy through exercise ; fad are generally not endorsed by medical profession . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . Popular nutrition Any a number weight - reduction that either eliminate essential groups , recommend consumption type in excess at expense other foods ; FDs rarely follow modern principles for losing weight . See Diet McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . fad di · et fad dī ' ĕt A nutritional regimen , generally an extreme nature , intended to produce results quickly than traditional diet - exercise combination ; often dubious nature . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Food + faddism " > fad diet < / a > Mentioned in abdominal obesity Acid - Base Imbalances : Metabolic Acidosis and Alkalosis Atkins ' diet Bible Diet Cabbage Juice Diet Cabbage Soup Diet Carrot Mono Diet Catabolic Diet chronic dieting syndrome Crash Diet Diets juvenile obesity novelty diet nutrition pediatric nutrition primary primary amenorrhea severe obesity starvation diet Medical browser ▲ Fontan ' s operation fonticuli fonticulus food additive food additives food adulterant Food Allergies food allergy Food and Agriculture Organization Food and Agriculture Organization ( FAO ) Food and Drug Administration Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) food and drug interactions Food Animal Food Animal Residue Avoidance Database ( FARAD ) food asthma food chain food challenge food combining food contaminants food dye food efficiency food exchange food exchange list Food faddism food fever food frequency checklist food frequency questionnaire food gorging food group Food Guide Pyramid Food Guide Pyramid for the Elderly Food Guide Pyramid for Young Children food hypersensitivity food hypersensitivity reaction food immune – complex assay food impaction food insecurity food intolerance food irradiation Food irradiation methods food label food poisoning food pollen food preservative food production food pyramid food rage food refusal factor food rendering ▼ Full browser Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Fornix+(brain)
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fornix ( redirected from Fornix ( brain ) Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia fornix for niks ( pl . for nices ) ( L . an anatomical archlike structure . of conjunctiva conjunctival cul - de - sac Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . for · nix gen . for · ni · cis pl . for · ni · ces fōr ' niks , - ni - sis , - ni - sēz ) , [ TA ] Do not confuse this word with pharynx 1 . In general , an arch - shaped structure ; often the arch - shaped roof ( or roof portion ) of anatomic space . 2 . The compact , white fiber bundle by which the hippocampus each cerebral hemisphere projects to contralateral hippocampus and to septum , anterior nucleus thalamus , and mammillary body . Arising from pyramidal cells Ammon horn , fibers form alveus hippocampi fimbria hippocampi , in their further course compose , sequentially , commissure [ TA ] , also called hippocampal commissure [ TA ] ( commissura hippocampi [ TA ] ) , crus ( crus fornicis [ TA ] ) , body ( corpus fornicis column ( columna which divides into a smaller portion precommissural fibers that pass anterior septal area a larger portion postcommissural that pass posterior end mainly in mammillary nuclei lesser extent thalamic nucleus . Synonym ( s ) : trigonum cerebrale Synonym ( s ) : cerebral trigone [ L . arch , vault ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / for · nix / for niks pl . for nices [ L . ] 1 . archlike structure or vaultlike space created by such structure . 2 . brain ; either pair arched fiber tracts unite under corpus callosum , so together they comprise two columns , body , two crura . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( fôr ′ nĭks ) n . for · nices ( - nĭ - sēz ′ ) An anatomical structure or fold , such as arched band white matter beneath corpus callosum brain . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . [ fôr ′ niks ] fornices Etymology : L , arch space , as cerebri , superior inferior conjunctival fornices , vaginal fornices . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . for · nix gen . fornices fōr ' niks , - ni - sis , - sēz In general , structure ; often ( or portion ) anatomic space . The compact , bundle each cerebral hemisphere projects contralateral septum , nucleus thalamus , body . Arising from pyramidal cells Ammon ' s horn , form alveus fimbria hippocampi , their further course compose , sequentially , fornix , also called hippocampal ( commissura crus ( crus body ( corpus column ( columna divides into smaller precommissural septal area larger postcommissural posterior end mainly nuclei lesser extent thalamic nucleus . [ L . arch , vault ] Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 An especially one pair arch - like bands fibres lying under callosum brain , space between upper walls vagina neck womb . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 conjunctiva A thin transparent mucous membrane lining surface eyelids eyelid margin reflected forward onto part eyeball where it merges with corneal epithelium at limbus . It thus forms sac , conjunctival sac is open at palpebral fissure closed when eyes are shut . depths unextended sac are 14 - 16 mm superiorly 9 - 11 mm inferiorly . conjunctiva is divided three portions : ( 1 ) lines surface eyelids palpebral It itself composed marginal extends eyelid margin tarsal tarsal conjunctiva , extends marginal orbital orbital conjunctiva , fornix . ( 2 ) That lining eyeball bulbar itself composed limbal fused episclera limbus scleral limbal fornix . ( 3 ) intermediate part forming bottom unattached joining bulbar fold cul - de - sac ) . See dyskeratosis lid eversion gland Krause ' s end bulbs subtarsal sulcus Millodot : Dictionary of Optometry and Visual Science , 7th edition . © 2009 Butterworth - Heinemann [ L . ] vaultlike created either tracts unite callosum , so together they comprise columns , body , crura . line reflexion eyeball . thick nerve leaving enter hypothalamus , terminating mamillary telencephalic see ( above ) . vaginal annular recess around outside cervix . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Fornix+ ( brain ) " > fornix < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in alveus hippocampi alveus of hippocampus amygdaloid nucleus anterior lip of external os of uterus anterior nuclei of thalamus anterior part of fornix of vagina anterior symblepharon arteria fornix sacci lacrimalis basal nucleus bed nucleus of the stria terminalis body of fornix bulbar conjunctiva calyceal fornix cardinal ligament carina fornicis centromedian nucleus cervicovaginal junction choroidal fissure colposuspension Medical browser ▲ formol - Zenker fixative formononetin Formophobia formoterol formoterol fumarate Formston - McCunn method formula formula weight formula - fed formulary formulate formulation formyl formylation formylkynurenine formylmethionine formylmethionyl - tRNA fornical fornicate fornicate gyrus fornication fornicolumn fornicommissure Fornix ( brain ) fornix cerebri fornix conjunctivae fornix of lacrimal sac fornix of stomach fornix vaginae Forrestier ' s disease fors Forschheimer spots forskolin Forssell technique Forssell , Gosta Forssell , Jarl Forssman Forssman antibody Forssman antigen Forssman antigen - antibody reaction Forssman hapten Forssman , Hans Forssman , John Forssmann Forssmann , Werner Theodor Otto Forsteo Forster Forster uveitis Forster , Richard ▼ Full browser ▲ fornicators fornicators fornicatress fornicatress fornices cerebri fornices cerebri Fornices vaginae forniciform fornicolumn fornicommissure forninst Forniture Forniture Forniture Articoli Elettro Tecnici FORniture Elettriche Microonde Forniture Elettro Cine Foto Forniture , Servizi e Consulenze Informatica fornix cerebri fornix conjunctivae fornix gastricus fornix of conjunctiva fornix of conjunctiva fornix of lacrimal sac fornix of stomach Fornix of the vagina fornix pharyngis fornix sacci lacrimalis fornix uteri fornix uteri Fornix vaginae Fornix vaginae fornix vaginae [ NA ] FORNL FORNN Fornosovo FORNS Foro Foro Foro Argentino de Radios Comunitarias Foro Boliviano Sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Fractional+Flow+Reserve
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fractional flow reserve Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Financial Acronyms Encyclopedia Wikipedia fractional flow reserve Abbreviation : FFR The ratio of the blood pressure in the furthest reaches of a coronary artery divided by blood pressure in aorta . The ratio is determined when arteries are maximally vasodilated . FFR determines flow - limiting significance a coronary artery stenosis . When distal portion healthy is equal to aorta , 1.0 . Arteries with less than 0.75 have large enough obstructions to cause myocardial ischemia . See also : reserve Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / fractional + flow + reserve " > fractional flow reserve < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in References in periodicals archive Contemporary patterns of and intravascular ultrasound use among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in the United States : Insights from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry . Fractional Flow Reserve Guided Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Improves Clinical Outcome with Reduced Cost in Contemporary Clinical Practice Diagnosis of Ischemia - Causing Coronary Stenoses by Noninvasive Fractional Flow Reserve Computed From Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiograms : Results From the Prospective Multicenter DISCOVER - FLOW ( Diagnosis of Ischemia - Causing Stenoses Obtained Via Noninvasive Fractional Flow Reserve ) Study . HeartFlow Announces JAMA Publication and Presentation of Landmark Data Showing High Diagnostic Performance for Non - Invasive Fractional Flow Reserve ( FFRCT ) Technology Fractional flow reserve versus angiography for guiding PCI in patients with multivessel coronary disease ( FAME study ) . Safety and Efficacy of a Novel Technique in the Use of Fractional Flow Reserve in Complex Coronary Artery Lesions However , FAME 2 ( Versus Angiography for Multivessel Evaluation ) differed from those studies in a crucial aspect : Randomization in FAME 2 was restricted to patients with physiologically significant cardiac ischemia as evidenced by a ( FFR ) measurement of 0 . THE STABLE CAD SOLUTION : Does medical management top PCI Validation of magnetic resonance myocardial perfusion imaging with for the detection of significant coronary heart disease . Cardiac MRI : A preferred method for assessing myocardial ischemia and infarct burden However , a lesion ' s severity judged with either CCTA or ICA is often inaccurate for identifying functionally significant coronary lesions that can cause ischemia , which should be further assessed by ( FFR ) . Prognostic Value of Gai ' s Plaque Score and Agatston Coronary Artery Calcium Score for Functionally Significant Coronary Artery Stenosis Medical device company St Jude Medical ( NYSE : STJ ) reported on Monday the launch of the US cleared new PressureWire X Guidewire ( FFR ) measurement system to perform percutaneous coronary intervention measurements in more tortuous anatomies . St Jude Medical unveils new generation PressureWire X Guidewire fractional flow reserve ( FFR ) measurement system to perform percutaneous coronary intervention measurements M2 PHARMA - October 11 , 2016 - St Jude Medical unveils new generation PressureWire X Guidewire ( FFR ) measurement system to perform percutaneous coronary intervention measurements St Jude Medical unveils new generation PressureWire X Guidewire fractional flow reserve ( FFR ) measurement system to perform percutaneous coronary intervention measurements One of the parameters used in the study was ( FFR ) , which is a measure of blood flow and pressure in the heart artery before and after the PCI procedure . Making complex heart procedure like child ' s play Myocardial is a new wire - based procedure used in coronary catheterization to measure the pressure differences through a coronary artery stenosis to ascertain the chances of stenosis impeding oxygen delivery to the heart muscle . Market Report , " Global Fractional Flow Reserve Market 2016 - 2020 " , published has received CE Mark approval and launched the PressureWire X Guidewire ( FFR ) Measurement System in Europe . St . Jude Medical launches PressureWwire guidewire technology in Europe Dr Baslaib said he used the ( FFR ) , a special guide - wire - based technology to unblock the other two arteries and implant two biabsorbable stents . UAE in rare club with heart surgery broadcast More results ► Medical browser ▲ FPV FQHC Fr Fracastoro Fraccaro Fraccaro , M . FRACDS FRACGP fracidin FRACO FRACOG FRACP FRACR FRACS fract - fract dos Fractal fractals fraction fraction collector fraction of inspired oxygen fractional fractional dilation and curettage fractional distillation fractional excretion of sodium fractional injection fractional oxyhemoglobin fractional photothermolysis fractional shortening fractional sterilization fractional test meal fractional urine fractionate fractionated dose fractionated radiotherapy fractionation fracture fracture bed fracture bedpan fracture blister fracture by contrecoup fracture dislocation fracture en rave fracture of clavicle fracture of humerus fracture of olecranon fracture of patella fracture of radius fracture of skull fracture of the spine ▼ Full browser ▲ fractional distillation Fractional Divide Fractional Dlearances of Neutral Dextran fractional dose Fractional E1 Fractional Enhancement at 30 Minutes Fractional Enrichment fractional epidural anesthesia fractional equation Fractional Error Fractional Exchange Ratio Fractional Excretion of Lithium Fractional Excretion of Magnesium Fractional Excretion of Oxalate Fractional Excretion of Phosphate Fractional excretion of sodium Fractional excretion of sodium Fractional Excretion of Urea Fractional Excretion of Uric Acid Percentage fractional excretion tests , fractional clearance tests fractional excretion tests , fractional clearance tests Fractional Excretion to Filtration Fraction Fractional Excretions of Uric Acid Fractional factorial design fractional factorial experiment Fractional Fokker - Planck Equation Fractional Fourier transform Fractional Frequency Reuse fractional gas - flow curve Fractional Gaussian Noise Fractional Ground Cover Fractional Guard Channel Policy Fractional Horsepower fractional horsepower motor Fractional Hypoxic Volume Fractional ideal Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index fractional injection fractional interest Fractional Kidney Weight Fractional knapsack problem Fractional Linear Program Fractional Load Planning Fractional Loading Factor Fractional Lower - Order Moments Fractional Lower - Order Statistics fractional monetary unit Fractional Moving Blood Volume Fractional Muscle Protein Synthesis Fractional N2 Concentration Fractional Noise Fractional Open - Circuit Voltage Fractional Orbital Bombardment ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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"fractional flow reserve"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Fractured+neck+of+femur
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hip fracture ( redirected from Fractured neck of femur Also found in : Acronyms hip fracture vernacular term for fracture of the femoral neck , typically resulting from a fall in an old person with osteoporosis ; more common in women ; requires surgical repair with internal fixation and can lead to prolonged or permanent loss of mobility and shortened life span . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 Orthopedic surgery A femoral fracture which affects 1 / 6 white ♀ – US during life Epidemiology 250,000 / yr – US Specifics Proximal femur ; 90 + % neck , intertrochanteric ; 5 - 10 % are subtrochanteric Risk factors Tall , thin ♀ , osteoporosis , previous Fx or stroke , white , use walking aids , alcohol consumption , poor health , sedentary lifestyle , Rx benzodiazepines , anticonvulsants ; HRT may protect ♀ < age 75 , institutional residence , visual impairment , dementia Diagnosis Hx , plain AP film , MRI , 99mTc bone scan . See Falls , Total hip replacement McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . hip frac · ture hip frak ' shŭr Vernacular term for the typically resulting from a fall an old person osteoporosis ; more common women ; requires surgical repair internal fixation can lead to prolonged permanent loss mobility shortened span . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 A proximal portion femur , i.e. , either head , intertrochanteric subtrochanteric regions hip . Hip occurs each year approximately 225,000 Americans over 50 . It is women than men due osteoporosis is esp . slender , elderly women . Mortality rates after hip are influenced by patient ' s age , general physical health , type fracture . Etiology Osteoporosis predisposes elderly hip fracture . Symptoms Pain knee groin classic presenting sign If femur displaced , shortening rotation leg may be present . Treatment Preoperatively , Buck ' s traction be used short alleviate muscle spasms . An open reduction preferred treatment . prosthesis used neck head fractures . The bone takes 6 12 weeks heal patient . Patient care During hospitalization , general patient care concerns apply . The patient prepared physically emotionally surgery according orthopedic surgeon ' s protocol , postsurgical care pain control ( epidural intravenous patient - controlled analgesia [ PCA ] ) discussed . Neurovascular status affected limb assessed according protocol compared unaffected limb . referred physical occupational therapy uses walker until completely healed . Prevention relief pain monitoring postoperative complications , including infection , dislocation , deep venous thrombosis pulmonary embolism , primary concerns . Use incentive spirometer encouraged prevent atelectasis respiratory complications . Prophylactic antibiotics anticoagulants administered as prescribed , precautions implemented prevent dislocation . These precautions include having avoid adduction ( usually by abductor wedge ) , rotation , flexion greater than 90 ° during transfer ambulation activities , using raised toilet seat semi - reclining chair . hospitalized 2 4 days then discharged nursing home , subacute unit , transitional unit , rehabilitation center , home rehabilitation several weeks . See also : Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Fractured + neck + of + femur " > hip fracture < / a > Mentioned in achlorhydria airplane splint alcohol withdrawal anchor splint Arixtra Balkan splint blow - out fracture Buck ' s skin traction chief complaint Colonna , Paul Crenshaw coxa danaparoid Denis Browne splint dynamic splint embolism fatigue fracture fondaparinux fondaparinux sodium Medical browser ▲ fractional test meal fractional urine fractionate fractionated dose fractionated radiotherapy fractionation fracture bed fracture bedpan fracture blister fracture by contrecoup fracture dislocation fracture en rave fracture of clavicle fracture of humerus fracture of olecranon fracture of patella fracture of radius fracture of skull fracture of the spine Fracture Repair fracture threshold fracture toughness Fractured Care fractured femur Fractured neck of femur fracture - dislocation Fractures frae - Fraenkel Fraenkel gland Fraenkel , Albert fragiform fragile fragile site fragile X chromosome fragile X syndrome fragile X - chromosome fragiligraph fragilitas fragilitas crinium fragilitas ossium fragility fragility fracture fragility of red blood cells fragility test fragilocyte fragilocytosis fragment fragment antigen binding fragment D ▼ Full browser ▲ Fracture Risk Assessment fracture strength fracture stress fracture system fracture test fracture threshold Fracture toughness Fracture toughness Fracture Transition Plastic fracture wear Fracture zone fracture - dislocation Fracture - Patient Assessment Score fracture - plane inclination Fracture / Soft - Tissue Hematomas fractured fractured Fractured Care fractured femur fractured formation Fractured Lower Limb Injury Fractured Medial Coronoid Process Fractured skull Fractured skull Fractured Zona Pellucida fracturer fracturer fractures fractures Fractures and Rickets Fractures Vertébrales par Compression Fractures , stress Fractures , stress fracturing fracturing Fractus Fractus Fractus cloud Fractus cloud FRACU FRAD FRAD ▼
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Gastric+flu
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gastroenteritis ( redirected from Gastric flu Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia Gastroenteritis Definition Gastroenteritis is a catchall term for infection or irritation of the digestive tract , particularly the stomach and intestine . It is frequently referred to as stomach or intestinal flu , although influenza virus not associated with this illness . Major symptoms include nausea and vomiting diarrhea , and abdominal cramps . These symptoms are sometimes also accompanied by fever overall weakness . typically lasts about three days . Adults usually recover without problem , but children , elderly , anyone with an underlying disease are more vulnerable to complications such as dehydration Description an uncomfortable inconvenient ailment , but it rarely life - threatening in United States other developed nations . However , estimated 220,000 children younger than age five hospitalized gastroenteritis in United States annually . Of these children , 300 die a result of severe diarrhea dehydration . In developing nations , diarrheal illnesses major source mortality . In 1990 , approximately three million deaths occurred worldwide result diarrheal illness . The most common cause viral infection . Viruses such rotavirus , adenovirus , astrovirus , calicivirus small round - structured viruses ( SRSVs ) found all over world . Exposure typically occurs through fecal - oral route , by consuming foods contaminated fecal material related poor sanitation . However , infective dose can be very low ( approximately 100 virus particles ) , so other routes transmission quite probable . Typically , children more vulnerable rotaviruses , most significant cause acute watery diarrhea . Annually , worldwide , rotaviruses estimated 800,000 deaths below age five . For this reason , much research has gone into developing vaccine protect from virus . Adults can be infected rotaviruses , these infections have minimal no symptoms . Children also susceptible adenoviruses astroviruses , which minor causes childhood gastroenteritis . experience illness from astroviruses well , major causes adult viral caliciviruses SRSVs . These viruses illness children . The SRSVs type calicivirus include Norwalk , Southhampton , Lonsdale viruses . likely produce vomiting symptom . Bacterial frequently poor sanitation , lack safe drinking water , contaminated food - conditions common nations . Natural man - made disasters make underlying problems sanitation food safety worse . developed nations , modern food production system potentially exposes millions people disease - causing bacteria through its intensive production distribution methods . Common types bacterial linked Salmonella Campylobacter bacteria ; however , Escherichia coli 0157 Listeria monocytogenes creating increased concern Cholera Shigella remain two diseases great concern countries , research develop long - term vaccines against them underway . Causes and symptoms arises ingestion viruses , certain bacteria , parasites . Food that has spoiled may Certain medications excessive alcohol irritate digestive tract point inducing gastroenteritis . Regardless cause , diarrhea , nausea vomiting , abdominal pain cramps . Sufferers may experience bloating , low fever , overall tiredness . Typically , last only two days , some last up week . A usual bout should n ' t require visit doctor . medical treatment essential if worsen if there complications . Infants , young elderly , persons disease require special attention regard . greatest danger presented dehydration . loss fluids diarrhea vomiting upset body ' s electrolyte balance , leading potentially life - threatening problems heart beat abnormalities ( arrhythmia ) . risk dehydration increases prolonged . Dehydration should suspected dry mouth increased excessive thirst , scanty urination experienced . If do not resolve within week , infection disorder serious than involved . Symptoms great high fever ( 102 ° F [ 38.9 ° C ] above ) , blood mucus blood vomit , severe pain swelling . prompt medical attention . Diagnosis usually enough identify Unless there outbreak affecting several people complications encountered particular case , identifying specific priority . identification infectious agent required , stool sample will collected analyzed for presence viruses , disease - causing ( pathogenic ) bacteria , parasites . Treatment self - limiting which will resolve itself . comfort convenience , person use over - the - counter medications Pepto Bismol relieve symptoms . work altering ability intestine move secrete spontaneously , absorbing toxins water , altering intestinal microflora . Some over - the - counter medicines use one element treat If ineffective treatment sought , doctor prescribe powerful anti - diarrheal drug , motofen lomotil . Should pathogenic bacteria parasites identified patient ' s stool sample , antibiotics prescribed . It important stay hydrated nourished during bout absent , drinking generous amounts nonalcoholic fluids , water juice , adequate . Caffeine since it increases urine output , should avoided . traditional BRAT diet - bananas , rice , applesauce , toast - is tolerated tender gastrointestinal system , particularly nutritious . Many , all , researchers recommend diet that includes complex carbohydrates ( e.g. , rice , wheat , potatoes , bread , cereal ) , lean meats , yogurt , fruit , vegetables . Milk dairy products should n ' t create they part normal diet . Fatty foods lot sugar avoided . recommendations based on clinical controlled trials , universally accepted . Minimal moderate treated oral rehydrating solutions contain glucose electrolytes . solutions commercially available under names Naturalyte , Pedialyte , Infalyte , Rehydralyte . Oral rehydrating formulated based on physiological properties . Fluids properties - such cola , apple juice , broth , sports beverages - are recommended treat interferes oral rehydration , small frequent fluid intake better tolerated . Should rehydration fail occur , form intravenous ( IV ) therapy required . IV therapy followed rehydration patient ' s condition improves . Once normal hydration achieved , patient return regular diet . Alternative treatment Symptoms uncomplicated relieved adjustments diet , herbal remedies , homeopathy . An infusion meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria effective reducing nausea acidity . Once worst relieved , slippery elm Ulmus fulva help calm tract . Of homeopathic remedies available , Arsenicum album ipecac Nux vomica said relieve Probiotics , beneficial person ' s health , recommended during recovery phase Specifically , live cultures Lactobacillus acidophilus said effective soothing tract returning flora normal . L . acidophilus found live - culture yogurt , well capsule powder form at health stores . probiotics folk remedies some support literature . Castor oil packs abdomen reduce inflammation reduce spasms discomfort . Prognosis resolved within days no long - term effects . occurs , recovery extended few days . Prevention There few steps taken avoid Ensuring well - cooked unspoiled prevent bacterial gastroenteritis , against Resources Periodicals Hart , C . Anthony , Nigel A . Cunliffe . " Viral Gastroenteritis . " Current Opinion Infectious Diseases 10 ( 1997 ) : 408 . Moss , Peter J . , Michael W . McKendrick . " Bacterial Gastroenteritis . " Current Opinion Infectious Diseases 10 ( 1997 ) : 402 . Key terms Dehydration A condition body lacks level fluids , impairing body functions . Electrolyte An ion , weakly charged element , conducts reactions signals body . Examples electrolytes sodium potassium ions . Glucose sugar serves body ' s primary source fuel . Influenza affects respiratory system , causing fever , congestion , muscle aches , headaches . Intravenous ( IV ) therapy Administration intravenous fluids . Microflora population intestine . Pathogenic bacteria Bacteria produce Probiotics Bacteria beneficial person ' s health , either protecting pathogenic assisting Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . gas ″ tro - en ″ tĕ - ri tis inflammation lining Psychologic fear , anger , forms emotional upset . Allergic reactions certain condition , irritation alcohol . Severe gastroenteritis , headache , nausea , vomiting , weakness , gas pains , various infectious contagious diseases , typhoid fever influenza food poisoning eosinophilic disorder , commonly associated intolerance specific foods , marked infiltration mucosa intestine eosinophils , edema without vasculitis eosinophilia peripheral blood . depend site extent disorder . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . gas · tro · en · ter · i · tis gas ' trō - en - tĕr - ī ' tis ) , Inflammation mucous membrane both Synonym ( s ) : enterogastritis [ gastro - + G . enteron , intestine , + - itis , inflammation ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / gas · tro · en · ter · i · tis / - en ″ ter - i tis any type caused bacterial toxin infection , agents being Salmonella Shigella Campylobacter eosinophilic intolerance foods , infiltration mucosa ( and often stomach ) eosinophils ; edema vasculitis ; depend site extent disorder . Norwalk Norwalk caused virus . any virus ; agents being rotaviruses Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( găs ′ trō - ĕn ′ tə - rī ′ tĭs ) n . Inflammation mucous membrane intestines . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . [ gas ′ trō · en ′ tərī ′ tis ] Etymology : Gk , gaster + enteron , intestine , itis , intestines accompanying numerous GI disorders . anorexia , nausea , ( depending causative factor ) , discomfort , diarrhea . enterotoxins , invasion , chemical toxins , miscellaneous conditions , lactose intolerance . onset slow , often abrupt violent , rapid loss fluids electrolytes persistent Hypokalemia hyponatremia , acidosis , alkalosis develop . Treatment supportive includes bed rest , sedation , IV replacement electrolytes , antispasmodic medication control With precise diagnosis , medication curative , antitoxin prescribed resulting endotoxin . After acute phase , water given mouth . produces clear added , followed , tolerated , diet appeal patient do Also called enterogastritis observations Onset sudden , cramping , mucus , anorexia , general malaise , muscle aches . Dehydration , hypokalemia , hyponatremia occur persistent Diagnosis relies identification causative agent cultures , Gram ' s stain , direct swab rectal cultures . Complications dehydration , shock , vascular collapse , renal failure . rare instances , lead death . Infants , debilitated individuals at greatest risk . interventions Most self - limiting does therapy . Adequate primary treatment . Fluids limited until ceases , then instituted . fluid electrolyte replacement necessary severe . Antidiarrheal used slow Antibiotic used systemic involvement . Antimicrobials generally simple because drugs prolong carrier state contribute emergence drug - resistant organisms . Antiemetics moderate unless bacterial , case antiemetics given avoid impairment GI motility . nursing considerations Nursing focus monitoring electrolytes . Accurate monitoring intake output essential . Strict asepsis instituted when indicated agent . importance rest stressed along nature disease . Education about proper handling storage necessary after have ceased . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Gastrointestinal Internal medicine Acute upper Etiology Viruses – rotavirus , enteric adenovirus , virus , Norwalk - like calicivirus , astrovirus , bacteria – occasionally toxins , poisoning , stress factors Clinical Diarrhea , N&V , anorexia . See Epidemic viral gastroenteritis Traveler ' s Viral gastroenteritis McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . gas · tro · en · ter · i · tis gas ' trō - en - tĕr - ī ' tis both Synonym ( s ) : gastro - G . - itis , inflammation ] Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 lining organisms , various Escherichia coli There pain , diarrhoea vomiting . kills millions each year Third World countries , mostly malnutrition . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 tract , resulting diarrhoea , nausea . Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 n inflamed intestines , Also called Jonas : Mosby ' s Dictionary of Complementary and Alternative Medicine . ( c ) 2005 , Elsevier . gastro - Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 gastroenteritis ( gas trōen tərī tis ) n intestines accompanying numerous gastrointestinal ( GI ) disorders . discomfort , Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . clinical manifestations See gastritis canine hemorrhagic syndrome bloody marked hemoconcentration . treated vigorously , lead circulatory failure death short time . unknown . chronic segmental alimentary characterized variety signs depending location lesion including melena hematochezia . Occurs dogs , German shepherd dogs , rarely cats , horses . Diarrhea , weight protein - losing enteropathy result . hypersensitivity ingested allergens suggested cause . diagnostic lesion aggregation eosinophils wall . gastritis transmissible pigs see transmissible Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Patient discussion about gastroenteritis Q . what my 11 year old A . involeves ferequent stools goes away so , you child looks drousy tired because lack intake , you take your child doctor decide there ' s need give Food good consume apples , bananas , toast , basically dairy products Keep your often . Q . What Causes Specific Abdominal Pain ? Everytime I go see when I pains he tells me probably How does he know it ' s something else instance , appendicitis , just examining my abdomen ? whats ovarian cyst ? More discussions about gastroenteritis This content is provided by iMedix and is subject to iMedix Terms . The Questions and Answers are not endorsed or recommended and are made available by patients , not doctors . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Gastric + flu " > gastroenteritis < / a > Mentioned in abdominal cramps acute abdomen acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis adenovirus Amanita phalloides angiostrongyliasis antibiotic - associated diarrhea apocynin Apocynum Bacillus cereus bacterial food poisoning bowel infection BRAT diet BRATT Diet Caliciviridae Calicivirus Campylobacter gastroenteritis Campylobacter jejuni cholera morbus References in periodicals archive The virus , which is also called winter vomiting disease or gastric flu , causes sickness , diarrhoea and fever and typically lasts from 24 to 48 hours . HOSPITAL BEDS CLOSED BY BUG ; Medics on alert for flu outbreak Bath disclosed last night that their England lock Steve Borthwick was in hospital overnight for checks after suffering gastric flu Rugby Union : Bridgend ' s cup hopes crushed ; Bath 38 Bridgend 10 I had several players down with but though I had to draft kids on to the bench , we did have 11 players fit enough to play , so we did . Sickener for Cook Vicki ' s father Thomas said he and his daughter were in the consultation room with Dr A for just three or four minutes After being diagnosed with and prescribed motilium , Vicki was taken back to her parents house . VICKI DEATH GP GUILTY OF MISCONDUCT 9m after being diagnosed with instead of meningitis , Nicola Lang , 29 , says the resulting two - day delay left her daughter with cerebral palsy and profound learning difficulties . OCTOBER ; A YEAR TO REMEMBER 2008 To make matters worse he then spent yesterday morning suffering from and was unable to make a contribution in his roster ' s third - place playoff loss to Plymouth Raiders . Basketball : No fun for Fab as his side is beaten ; Eagles ' dreams left in tatters In fact , aside from a bout of that kept him out of the trip to Preston , the 21 - year - old left - back ( Cup - tied against West Brom ) has played every game he has been available for since his transfer window move from the Bescott Stadium in January . Danny ' s an instant hit ; SKY BLUES Within 25 minutes a doctor was on the line with instructions to go to Gorsey Lane health centre , Litherland , where he was given attentive and prompt treatment for severe Some food for thought at posh caff ; LINDA MCDERMOTT A voice of Merseyside Last year , after victory in Lucerne and the Commonwealth championships in Nottingham , she hoped to challenge for a medal as the GB single at the worlds , but struggled to shake off the effects of and only made the semi - final . Rowing : Welsh rowers are simply oarsome at Belgian regatta Kuipers ' regular deputy , Ben Roberts , was forced to miss the trip to Walsall with , but is expected to return in goal at Beasant ' s expense . Football : Wolves hungry to end hoodoo ; Brighton & Hove Albion v Wolverhampton Wanderers But fellow Scot Susan Hughes , suffering from , lost her singles final to Bulgarian Petya Nedeltcheva 11 - 1 11 - 3 . Sport update : Petter ' s first in the Q after Burns crashes out On top of the fear of a flu epidemic , health chiefs are also worried that the virus that causes projectile vomiting and diarrhoea may take a hold in Wales . WELSH HEALTH AT MELTDOWN ! ; WITH OUR NHS AT THE HEART OF A POLITICAL STORM , EXPERTS IN WALES ARE WARNING THAT THINGS COULD GET EVEN WORSE More than one in every ten of us has cold or flu More results ► Medical browser ▲ gastric aspiration gastric atony gastric atrophy gastric balloon gastric banding gastric branches of left and right gastroomental arteries gastric branches of posterior vagal trunk gastric bypass gastric canal gastric cancer gastric cannonball gastric colic gastric crisis gastric cycle gastric diastole gastric digestion gastric dilatation and volvulus gastric diverticulum gastric dumping gastric dyspepsia gastric emesis Gastric Emptying Scan gastric erosion gastric feeding gastric fistula Gastric flu gastric fold gastric folds gastric follicle gastric freezing gastric fundus gastric gland gastric glands gastric hypersecretion gastric impression on liver gastric impression on spleen gastric indigestion gastric inhibitory polypeptide gastric inlet obstruction gastric insufficiency gastric intramucosal pH gastric intrinsic factor gastric intubation gastric juice gastric lavage gastric lymphatic follicle gastric lymphoid nodules gastric lymphoma gastric mill gastric motility gastric mucin ▼ Full browser ▲ gastric emesis Gastric Emptying Coefficient Gastric emptying quantitation Gastric Emptying Scan gastric emptying scintigraphy gastric emptying time gastric emptying time Gastric enzyme Gastric enzyme Gastric enzymes Gastric enzymes Gastric Epidermal Growth Factor Gastric erosion gastric f gastric f gastric f ' s gastric feeding Gastric feeding tube Gastric fever gastric filament gastric fistula Gastric fluid Gastric fluid Gastric Fluid Volume gastric fold gastric folds gastric follicle gastric follicles gastric follicles gastric foreign body gastric foreign body gastric freezing Gastric fundus gastric g gastric g gastric gland Gastric glands ▼
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Gene+conversion
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gene conversion Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia Wikipedia gene conversion n . 1 . The unequal segregation of alleles to gametes during meiosis , resulting in gametes containing one allele being more numerous than containing the other allele for certain genes . 2 . The replacement of one part a chromosome with a copy the homologous part on sister chromosome , often as consequence DNA repair . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . DNA RECOMBINATION process that results in ALLELE HETEROZYGOTE being converted into corresponding allele . Conversion can be consequence mode repair ( see DNA REPAIR base - pair mismatch HETERODUPLEX that accompanies recombination MEIOSIS process can result four haploid products meiosis exhibiting an unusual ( aberrant ) segregation pattern . Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 gene unit heredity most simply defined as specific segment DNA , usually order 1000 nucleotides , specifies single polypeptide . Many phenotypic characteristics are determined by single gene , while others are multigenic . Genes specifically located linear order along molecule makes up each chromosome . All eukaryotic cells contain diploid ( 2n ) set chromosomes so two copies each gene , derived from parent , present cell ; two copies often specify different phenotype , i.e . polypeptide will have somewhat different amino acid composition . These alternative forms both within and between individuals , called alleles . Genes determine physical ( structural genes ) , biochemical ( enzymes ) , physiological and behavioral characteristics an animal . formation ( sperm , ova ) involves meiosis , which allows crossing over between four pairs chromosomes , derived from parent , which means new forms particular chromosome created . Gamete formation also results cells ( gametes ) with haploid ( n ) set chromosomes fertilization creates new individual , is recombinant 2n chromosomes , half by way ovum mother half via spermatozoa father . Changes nucleotide sequence either substitution nucleotide or deletion or insertion other nucleotides , constitute mutations add to diversity animal species creating alleles be used basis for genetic selection phenotypes . Some mutations , they base change gene major deletion , lethal . action way genes exert their effects on tissues processes , e.g . dominant recessive , partially so , absent , sex - linked , involved chromosomal aberrations . allelic g ' s particular usually situated at same position ( locus ) pair chromosomes . amplification see duplication ( below ) . bank collection sequences given genome . Called also library . barring responsible barred pattern feathers Barred Plymouth Rock birds . box see box ( 4 ) . clone clone cluster group related genes common ancestral located closely together same chromosome . Called multigene family . complementary g ' s independent pairs nonallelic genes , neither is functional without other . conversion non - reciprocal exchange elements during meiosis functional rearrangement chromosomal DNA . dhfr dihydrofolate reductase gene ; enzyme required maintain cellular concentrations H 2 folate biosynthesis , has been used ' selective marker ' ; lacking enzyme only survive media thymidine , glycine purines ; mutant ( dhfr ) transfected dhfr ′ selectively grown medium lacking these elements . diversity ( D ) ( D ) segment ; contribute hypervariable region immunoglobulins . dominant produces effect ( the phenotype ) organism regardless state corresponding allele . Examples traits determined short hair cats black coat color dogs . duplication result non - homologous recombination , carries more gene . expression expression ( 3 ) frequency proportion substances animals group carry gene . holandric Y appearing only male offspring . immune response ( Ir ) major histocompatibility complex ( MHC ) govern immune response individual immunogens . jumping mobile dna knockout replacement normal mutant allele , knockout mice . lethal whose presence brings about death organism permits survival under certain conditions . library bank ( above ) . locus locus has undergone detectable mutation . non - protein encoding final products some RNA molecules rather than proteins . overlapping when mRNA transcribed sequence ; mRNAs may reading frame but size they may reading frames . pool total all possessed all members population capable reproducing their lifetime . probe probe ( 2 ) . recessive produces effect when it transmitted both parents , i.e . individual homozygous . regulator repressor synthesizes repressor , substance which , through interaction operator switches off activity structural associated it operon . reporter measured therefore indicator whether construct successfully been transferred . sex - linked carried sex chromosome , especially X splicing splicing structural sequences coding proteins . therapy insertion into host alter its phenotype , treat inherited defect . transcription transcription transfer recombination tumor suppressor class encode proteins normally suppress cell division mutated allow continue unrestricted cell division tumor . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / gene + conversion " > gene conversion < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in coconversion Dominant gene Gene gene action gene amplification gene bank gene expression gene frequency gene library gene pool gene probe gene splicing gene therapy Gene transcription gene transfer Holliday Model homozygosis jumping gene lethal gene References in periodicals archive In Figure 2 , the expressed white gene undergoes limited by the black gene , in a process similar to somatic mutations of rearranged immunoglobulin genes . Antigenic Variation in Vector - Borne Pathogens Carriership of a defective tenascin - X gene in steroid 21 - hydroxylase deficiency patients : TNXB - TNXA hybrids in apparent large - scale gene conversions A simple and robust quantitative PCR assay to determine CYP21A2 gene dose in the diagnosis of 21 - hydroxylase deficiency The presence of multiple mutations in cis , which are the result of a large , or in trans can not be clearly differentiated when only the patient ' s DNA is analyzed . Multiplex minisequencing of the 21 - hydroxylase gene as a rapid strategy to confirm congenital adrenal hyperplasia The primers used for detecting the chimeric CYP21P / CYP21 molecule and secondary PCR for determining the extent of and crossover by size - differential amplification are listed in Table 1 . Analysis of the chimeric CYP21P / CYP21 gene in steroid 21 - hydroxylase deficiency Because these mutations have been reported in CYP21P , they frequently are considered to be evidence of events that transfer deleterious sequences from CYP21P to CYP21 . Single - nucleotide polymorphisms in intron 2 of CYP21P : evidence for a higher rate of mutation at CpG dinucleotides in the functional steroid 21 - hydroxylase gene and application to segregation analysis in congenital adrenal hyperplasia A limited number of CYP21 - specific primers are available ; however , the high frequency of between the two homologs may prevent amplification of the expected gene or may impair the detection of a CYP21 deletion , which occurs in about one - third of CAH cases [ see Wedell ( 12 ) for a review on the molecular diagnosis of CAH ] . CYPs , SNPs , and molecular diagnosis in the postgenomic era Most mutations in CYP21 appear to be attributable to events that transfer deleterious sequences from CYP21P ( 6 ) . Characterization of frequent polymorphisms in intron 2 of CYP21 : application to analysis of segregation of CYP21 alleles Eleven alleles of this mutation type could be identified . Comprehensive analytical strategy for mutation screening in 21 - hydroxylase deficiency A certain heterogeneity of mutations in the active gene has been described , such as whole gene deletion , [ 5 , 61 , and , more frequently , several common point mutations . Rapid detection of 21 - hydroxylase deficiency mutations by allele - specific in vitro amplification and capillary zone electrophoresis Aberrant splicing and missense mutations cause steroid 21 - hydroxylase [ P - 450 ( C21 ) ] deficiency in humans : possible products . Rapid screening method for detecting mutations in the 21 - hydroxylase gene These uncommon haplotypes could reflect different genetic origins and / or other molecular events like gene conversions or gene rearrangements . Hb D - Los Angeles [ beta121 ( GH4 ) Glu > Gln ] and Hb Beograd [ beta121 ( GH4 ) Glu > Val ] : Implications for their laboratory diagnosis and genetic origins / Hb D - Los Angeles [ beta 121 ( GH4 ) Glu > Gln ] ve Hb Beograd [ beta 121 ( GH4 ) Glu > val ] . , laboratuar tanilari ve gensel kokenleri Gene conversions and unequal crossovers between CYP21 ( steroid 21hydroxylase gene ) and CYP21P involve different mechanisms . CH - 8 phenotype in steroid 21 - hydroxylase deficiency : fact or fancy ? More results ► Medical browser ▲ gender reassignment surgery Gender Recognition Act 2004 gender rivalry gender role Gender Selection gender testing gender transposition Gender Verification gender - based gender - based illness gender - neutral genderphobia gender - specific medicine Gene - gene gene action gene activation gene amplification gene amplification technique gene augmentation therapy gene bank gene bridge gene chip gene cloning gene complex gene deletion gene derepression gene disruption Gene Doping gene dosage gene dosage compensation gene dosage effect gene dose gene exchange gene expression gene family gene flow gene frequency gene gun gene induction gene knock - out Gene Knockout Technique gene library gene map gene mapping gene marker gene p53 gene pool gene probe gene product ▼ Full browser ▲ gene box gene box gene bridge Gene C Reid Regional Park gene chip Gene chip technology Gene chip technology Gene clock Gene clock gene clone gene clone Gene cloning Gene cluster Gene cluster Gene Cole Gene Combination Value Gene complex Gene complex Gene Construction Kit gene control region Gene convertion Gene convertion Gene copy number Gene Curran Kelly Gene Curran Kelly Gene Debs Gene deletion gene delivery vector gene derepression Gene Differentially Expressed in Prostate Gene Discovery Core Facility gene disruption Gene doping Gene doping Gene dosage gene dosage compensation gene dosage effect Gene dose Gene dose Gene Drayton Unit Gene drift Gene drift Gene duplication Gene duplication Gene editing Gene editing ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Genu+varus
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genu varum ( redirected from Genu varus Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus genu je nu ( pl . ge nua ) ( L . knee genu extror sum genu varum intror sum genu valgum recurva tum hyperextensibility of the knee joint . val gum a childhood deformity , developing gradually , in which the knees rub together or “ knock ” in walking and ankles are far apart ; most common causes are irregularity growth of long bones lower limb ( sometimes from injury to bone ends at knee ) and weak ligaments . The weight body , which is not supported properly , turns knees weak lower legs buckle until ankles spread far apart . See illustration . Called also knock - knee Genu valgum young children varies seriousness . Milder cases may disappear after early childhood as bones , ligaments , muscles strengthen coordination improves . More serious cases can often be corrected by strengthening exercises by proper manipulation joints . Sometimes braces used to ensure proper alignment growing legs . In a very young child , valgum involves only soft bone ends where grows . If allowed continue for number years , condition can lead abnormal developments body structure . The sooner corrective measures taken , more effective treatment is likely be . Genu varum valgum . From Copstead Banasik , 2000 . va rum an outward curvature one or both limbs near knee ; see illustration . Called also bowleg Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ge · nu va · ' rum deformity marked medial angulation leg relation thigh ; an outward bowing legs . Synonym ( s ) : bandy - leg bowleg bow - leg tibia vara Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 Etymology : L , knee , varus , bent deformity one both legs bent at knee . Also called Compare genu valgum varum Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . External deviation knee ( s ) . A certain degree normally present infants , corrects itself with bipedal ambulation ; when excessive , rickets should be excluded , as vitamin D - induced osteomalacia may lead bending femoral shaft bearing mechanical brunt ambulatory kinetics . When combined with anterior curvature tibia fibula , affected children have “ saddle - sore ” stance . Anterior antero - lateral bowing tibia occur neurofibromatosis fractures , complicated pseudoarthrosis Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . Bowleg Orthopedics A frontal plane distal directed towards midline / median sagittal plane ; GV usually associated coxa valga – the together apart , Pt stands feet together , separated tibias angled downward inward . See Coxa valga McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . ge · nu va · rum jē ' nyū vā ' rŭm marked medial angulation leg relation thigh ; limbs . Synonym ( s ) : bow - leg tibia vara Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 ( je ' nu ) plural . genua [ L . ] 1 . knee . 2 . Any structure angular form resembling GENU RECURVATUM genu recurvatum Hyperextension joint . See : illustration Valgus knee . Varus knee . Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners Bow bandy This common normal healthy toddlers usually corrects itself about 18 months . Severe caused OSTEOCHONDROSIS main ( the tibia ) rickets . In these condition cured early treatment night splints . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 frontal - plane characterized lower - leg adduction ( in thigh ) , characterized lateral loading foot ( if there insufficient available subtalar midtarsal compensatory pronation ) loading ( if there excessive available compensatory pronation subtalar midtarsal joints ) order achieve plantigrade position foot during stance Illustrated Dictionary of Podiatry and Foot Science by Jean Mooney © 2009 Elsevier Limited . All rights reserved . pl . genua [ L . ] extrorsum bowleg . facial nerve bend facial nerve lateral end internal acoustic meatus . introrsum knock - knee . recurvatum hyperextensibility knock - knee . bowleg . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Genu + varus " > genu varum < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in achondroplasia bow legs Brodie knee coxa valgum functional rearfoot varus genu of facial nerve genu recurvatum genu valgum ( bow legs ) genu varum ( knock knee ) hallux abductovalgus HAV housemaid ' s knee medial knee pain milk leg References in periodicals archive Moment generated by knee brace ( Mbr ) and percentage of external genu varus moment ( [ M . Analysis of biomechanical effectiveness of valgus - inducing knee brace for osteoarthritis of knee The alignment of a child ' s leg changes during normal growth from genu varus up to 18 months to genu valgus up to 7 years of age . GPs are often called on by concerned parents to assess limb deformities in infants and children 2 - fold increased risk of rapid OA progression , but doubts have been raised as to whether quad weakness is an independent predictor of progression once malalignment and the other established risk factors have been considered . Risk profile for rapid OA progression emerging More results ► Medical browser ▲ gentian gentian aniline water gentian violet Gentiana acaulis L gentianophil gentianophilic gentianophobic Genticin gentiobiose gentiotannic acid gentisic acid gentle Gentleman Scientist Gentran 40 Gentran 70 Genu Genuflectum genu of corpus callosum genu of facial nerve genu of internal capsule genu valgum ( bow legs ) genu varum ( knock knee ) Genu varus genual genucubital genucubital position genuine occupational requirement genupectoral genupectoral position genus - geny genyantralgia genyplasty geo - Geobacillus Geobacillus caldoproteolyticus Geobacillus thermoleovorans subsp . stromboliensi Geobacillus toebii subsp . decanicus Geobacillus uralicus geobiology geobotany Geochelone spp . geochemical disease geochronology Geocillin geocline geode Geodon ▼ Full browser ▲ genu of facial canal genu of internal capsule Genu of the corpus callosum Genu of the internal capsule Genu of the internal capsule genu recurvatum - uterine retroversion - dysmenorrhea syndrome genu valgum bow legs Genu valgus Genu valgus genu varum knock knee Genua Genua Genua & Mulligan Printing Corporation genual Genubath genucubital genucubital position genuflect genuflect genuflected genuflecting genuflection genuflection genuflections genuflector genuflectors genuflects genuflexion genuflexion genuflexions Genugel Genugel genuine ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Growth+and+Development
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growth ( redirected from Growth and Development Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Financial Acronyms Encyclopedia growth grōth 1 . the progressive development of a living thing , especially the process by which body reaches its point of complete physical development . 2 . an abnormal formation tissue , such as a tumor . Human Growth Human from infancy to maturity involves great changes in body size and appearance , including development sexual characteristics . The process is not steady one : at some times occurs rapidly , at others slowly . Individual patterns vary widely because differences in heredity and environment . Children tend to have physiques similar those their parents or earlier forebears ; however , environment may modify this tendency . Living conditions , including nutrition hygiene , have considerable influence on growth . Glands Growth . The regulators are endocrine glands which are themselves subject hereditary influence . pituitary gland secretes hormone , controls general growth , particularly skeleton , also influences metabolism In addition influencing directly , pituitary gland has central role regulating other endocrine glands . These other glands turn control many functions , they secrete various hormones that directly regulate metabolism . Variations Growth Rates . different individuals varies great deal . It should be remembered that rate we call “ normal ” is really only an average rate . There wide range rates , almost all them quite normal . Of children given sex age , only about two thirds will physical measurements fall close average . height occurs as result maturation skeleton . When long bones reached maturity about age 18 , linear stops . In general , birth weight average baby doubles 5 6 months triples by end first year . At end second year life birth weight quadruples then there steady increase 2 2.75 kg ( 4.4 6 lb . ) each year until child reaches puberty , time there period rapid height . delayed nursing diagnosis accepted North American Nursing Diagnosis Association , defined deviation from age group norms . risk for disproportionate nursing diagnosis accepted North American Nursing Diagnosis Association , defined being risk for above 97th percentile or below 3rd percentile age , crossing two channels . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . grōth ) , increase size living being any its parts occurring development . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 1 . normal organism result accretion tissue similar originally present . 2 . abnormal formation , such tumor . 3 . proliferation cells , bacterial culture . appositional addition periphery particular part . interstitial occurring interior structures already formed . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( grōth ) n . a . growing . b . Full development ; maturity . Development lower simpler higher more complex form ; evolution . 3 . An increase , size , number , value , strength ; extension expansion : population growth . 4 . An mass tissue , tumor , growing on organism . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . 1 Etymology : AS , growan , grow 1 organism any parts , measured increments weight , volume , linear dimensions , hyperplasia hypertrophy . 2 normal progressive anatomical , physiological infancy adulthood gradual processes accretion assimilation . total numerous changes occur during lifetime individual constitutes dynamic complex involves many interrelated components , notably heredity , environment , nutrition , hygiene , disease , all subject variety influences . childhood categorized according approximate distinctive usually appear specific developmental tasks achieved . Such stages include prenatal period , infancy , early childhood ( including toddler preschool periods ) , middle childhood , adolescence . There periods accelerated growth : ( 1 ) first 12 months , infant triples weight , increases height approximately 50 % , undergoes rapid motor , cognitive , social development ; ( 2 ) second , months around puberty , when child approaches adult secondary sexual characteristics emerge . Physical may be abnormally accelerated slowed defect hypophyseal pituitary gland . 3 localized number cells , tumor neoplasm . 4 proliferation specifically bacterial culture mold . Compare differentiation maturation outcome Outcomes Classification ( NOC ) bone during years . See also Nursing Outcomes Classification Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . growth parts measured increments volume , dimensions . Compare : bioregulator Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 has three distinct components , cell division , assimilation , cell expansion . basis CELL DIVISION but order size , cells must able synthesize new structures manufactured raw materials derived their immediate environment . This assimilation it results size . can continuous but allometric ( see ALLOMETRIC GROWTH ) , humans , can discontinuous , insects where each ECDYSIS Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 growth Increase Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 growth , n size . n size ; progression toward maturity . Thus terms used together describe physical , mental , emotional processes associated with “ growing up ” children . factor chemical messengers induce tissue type ( e.g. , osteoinductive factor , epidermal factors ) . failure lack psychologic genetic , nutritional , pathologic , psychosocial factors . See failure to thrive . grain phenomenon resulting heat treatment alloys . excessive amounts , this produces undesirable properties . hormone ( GH ) , single - chain peptide secreted anterior gland response hormone releasing factor ( GHRF ) hypothalamus . promotes protein synthesis increased fat mobilization use fatty acids energy , decreased use carbohydrates . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . thing , especially point complete formation arrest line radiologically detectable line parallel plate metaphysis indicates temporary cessation bone check event state , usually inadequate nutrition , parasitism disease , temporarily reduces stops young animal . Often followed period compensatory compensatory increased rate time lower than previous period . cone bulbous enlargement tip every growing axonal fiber fetus , long filapodia extend . curve curve obtained plotting numbers against elapsed time . disorders sometimes traceable excess shortage secretions , arise hereditary defects glandular abnormalities . Abnormally large secretions produce gigantism Failure develop sufficiently secrete adequate amounts dwarfism adulthood , overproduction lead acromegaly substances act local regulators division function ; classified autocrine ( act cells same class ) paracrine ( act different class ) . hematopoietic factors see colony - stimulating factors . one - step plot typical virus culture when infected simultaneously . plate epiphyseal cartilage new lengthen bones phase . Called physis . epiphyseal plate . promotants includes agents used gain . Used principally food animals horses with view increasing muscle mass performance , species hasten recuperation animals debilitated illness . Pharmaceutical preparations principally anabolic steroids . Husbandry procedures include estrogen zearalenone implants dietary supplementation antibiotics , monensin and , case pigs , copper . per unit time , e.g . lb / day beef cattle . recombinant recombinant hormone . retardation stature smaller than normal ; called runt . retardation lattice radiodense metaphyseal lines parallel developing fetal bone . transforming [ beta ] family extracellular signaling molecules important transformation Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Patient discussion about growth Q . does side effects what they ? A . Yes , it does , not few . They include , among others , pain joints , carpal tunnel syndrome , diabetes , pain injection site , problems thyroid gland , ear problems others . You read more side effects treatment ( called Mecasermin Somatropin ) here : http : / / www . drugs . com / ppa / mecasermin . html Q . Is nutrition vital healthy hair growth ? I am engaged girl 3 back our marriage coming month . I was above heavens my girl told me am handsome . Now afraid whether she will hate me soon bcoz , past few days had drastic hair fall . feel taking less diet . Is vital healthy growth ? dreamt my life beautiful angel never want lose that . She definitely add face value happy life . Please guide marry beautiful girl . A . HELLO ZAK . . .STAY CALM . . .IF YOUR GIRL REALLY LOVES YOU . . .SHE WILL NOT BE WORRIED ABOUT A LITTLE HAIR LOSS . . .OR A LITTLE WEIGHT GAIN . . . . .GOOD LUCK . . .MRFOOT56 heavy thin face neck area . What do ? heavy thin neck area . did wax couple times found thick chin was difficult get rid . did try pluck found grows back immediately within day . do like electro removing . What do ? i saw couple women bleach facial hair . . .maybe would work ? More discussions about growth This content is provided by iMedix and is subject to iMedix Terms . The Questions and Answers are not endorsed or recommended and are made available by patients , not doctors . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Growth + and + Development " > growth < / a > Mentioned in acceleration phase accretionary growth acromegaly adrenocorticotropic hormone angiogenic growth factors antimicrobial appositional growth cancer catagen catch - up growth cerebral gigantism contact factor cortical hormone CSF - 1 differential growth dwarfism EGF epidermal growth factor Medical browser ▲ group translocation group , blood grouper grouping grouping serum group - model HMO groups groupthink group - transfer grouse Grover Grover disease Grover , Ralph W . Groves , Ernest William Hey grow grower pig scours growing fork growing fracture growing ovarian follicle growing pains ' growing ' pains growing skull fracture growing teratoma syndrome growing - finishing pigs Growth and Development growth and development , delayed growth arrest lines growth attenuation growth chart growth charts growth curve growth delay growth discordant twins growth factor growth factor receptor growth factors growth failure growth habit growth hormone growth hormone deficiency growth hormone insensitivity syndrome growth hormone receptor antagonist growth hormone release inhibiting hormone growth hormone releasing factor growth hormone suppression test growth hormone test Growth Hormone Tests Growth Hormone , Stimulation and Suppression Tests growth hormone - producing adenoma growth hormone - releasing hormone ▼ Full browser ▲ grows on trees grows out grows out grows out of grows up grows up Growse Growth ( disambiguation ) Growth ( disambiguation ) Growth accounting Growth Adjusted Sonographic Age Growth Alliance for Greater Evansville growth and development , delayed Growth and Differentiation Factor 8 Growth and Differentiation Factor 8 Growth and income fund Growth and Income Funds Growth And Income Securities Growth and Innovation Advisory Board Growth and Innovation Framework Growth and Investment Tax Plan Growth and Learning Opportunities Growth and Morphology of Supercritical Fluids Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategy Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper Growth and Puberty Study Growth and Retention of Women Growth and Stability Pact Growth and Transformation Plan Growth and Transportation Efficiency Center Growth and Wellbeing Growth and Yield Growth Area Funding Growth Areas Infrastructure Contribution Growth Arrest and DNA Damage Growth Arrest and DNA Damage Protein 34 growth arrest and DNA damage - inducible protein GADD153 growth arrest and DNA damage - inducible protein GADD45 alpha growth arrest and DNA - damage - inducible 45 alpha growth arrest and DNA - damage - inducible , alpha growth arrest line growth arrest line ▼
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/HCN
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HCN Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Acronyms Encyclopedia Wikipedia HCN Abbreviation for hydrocyanic acid Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 hydrogen cyanide ( HCN ) an extremely poisonous , colorless , toxic , volatile liquid or gas with the aroma of bitter almonds . It occurs naturally in almonds and in the stone pits of peaches , plums , and other fruits . Inhalation gas can cause death within a minute . When dissolved water , it is called hydrocyanic acid or prussic acid . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . HCN Abbreviation for hydrogen cyanide . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 hydrocyanic acid . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : Mentioned in 2 , 4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid acetylacetic acid acetylsalicylic acid acid adenylic acid aminoacetic acid aminobenzoic acid aminosalicylic acid aminosuccinic acid ascorbic acid carbolic acid CLA cyanide cyanohydrins deoxyribonucleic acid desoxyribonucleic acid DHA diacetic acid EDTA Medical browser ▲ HBsAg HBV HC HC smoke HC45 HCA HCAG HCAI HCAR1 HCAR2 HCAR3 HCB HCC HCDD HCFA HCFA 1500 HCFC1 HCFC2 HCG hCG diet HCG radioreceptor assay hCG - like activity HCK HCl HCM HCN1 HCN2 HCN3 HCN4 HCO3 HCO3 - HCP HCPCS HCS HCSC Hct Hct level HCV HCW Hcy HD HDA HDAC HDAC1 HDAC10 HDAC11 HDAC2 HDAC3 HDAC4 HDAC5 ▼ Full browser ▲ HCMH HCMHA HCMI HCMIP HCML HCMLE HCMLS HCMM HCMMS HCMN HCMO HCMOS HCMP HCMPL HCMR HCMS HCMSMC HCMSSC HCMSTC HCMT HCMTC HCMTI HCMTS HCMU HCMV HCMV ( human cytomegalovirus ) HCMV ( human cytomegalovirus ) HCMW HCN1 HCN2 HCN3 HCN4 HCNA HCNB HCNC HCNCC HCNE HCNG HCNHP HCNL HCNLP HCNM HCNO HCNON HCNP HCNR HCNRA HCNRWG HCNS HCNT HCNU HCNWA HCNY HCNZ HCO HCO 3 - HCO 3 - ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Hubble+Space+Telescope
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HST ( redirected from Hubble Space Telescope Also found in : Dictionary Acronyms Encyclopedia Wikipedia HST Abbreviation for : haematopoietic stem cell transplantation Harvard Step Test , see there hereditary stomatocytosis higher surgical trainee higher surgical training , see there human serum transferase hydroxysteroid sulphotransferase Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Hubble + Space + Telescope " > HST < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in HST rotation surgical training References in periodicals archive What the kids at the Integrated Care Institute found as fascinating as exo - planets , if not more so , was Hoffman ' s story about the space trip he made in December 1993 for the rescue and repair of the initially flawed Hubble Space Telescope Astronomers bring the universe to Egypt lt ; div class = " caption " > Stars Bursting to Life in Chaotic Carina Nebula These two images of a huge pillar of star birth demonstrate how observations taken in visible and in infrared light by NASA ' s reveal dramatically different and complementary views of an object . Hubble telescope captures universe photos as never before ( PHOTOS ) The event is part of the science team ' s educational outreach program , Amarant said . A CLOSE - UP LOOK AT ORION UNPRECEDENTED PHOTO MOSAIC OPENING AT PLANETARIUM Providing the on - orbit propulsion for NASA to deploy and subsequently repair and upgrade the is something we are all proud of here at Aerojet , " said Aerojet ' s Director of Business Development , Joe Cassady . Aerojets engine to launch of STS - 125 Horowitz has logged more than 1,100 hours in space , including flying on missions to modify the Hubble space telescope and two missions to help build the International Space Station . NASA NEAR TURNING POINT FOR SHUTTLE A Chandra X - ray image ( 1 ) of Eta Carinae , our galaxy ' s most luminous star ( 7,500 light years from Earth ) , as compared to an optical image by the ( 2 ) . Superstar Search It ' s an image , taken by the , of a disk of dust surrounding a nearby star . STAR SEARCH ; HUBBLE ' S SUCCESSORS TO HUNT PLANETS In October , NASA ' s captured this photo of two nearby colliding galaxies ( orbiting systems of billions of stars ) . Smashing Galaxies The new telescope ' s huge optical mirror , large enough to fit seven mirrors within its surface area , will give it the light - collecting sensitivity to see faint and previously hidden objects 10 billion to 11 billion light years into the universe , perhaps revealing the formation of the first stars and galaxies . Brush Wellman Delivers Space Telescope Mirror Blanks Ahead of Schedule The has for the first time recorded an eclipse on Uranus . Rare Uranian eclipse Last September the transmitted vivid photos from space of what could be the Milky Way ' s most luminous star . Megastar ! But there it is , near the center of the Milky Way , long hidden from the human eye by vast dust clouds , and its magnitude only now revealed by the , using a camera sensitive to the infrared light that penetrates the clouds . SUN CA N ' T HOLD CANDLE TO NEWLY FOUND GIANT STAR More results ► Medical browser ▲ HTLV - BLV retrovirus group HTLV - I HTLV - I - associated myelopathy HTLV - II HTLV - III HTLV - IV HTM HTN HTR5BP HTST HTT http HTX1 H - type fistula hU Hu antigen huanaco Huang Di huang lian huang lian e jiao tang huang qi hub Hubbard purification rundown Hubbard tank Hubbard , Carl P . hub - blood Hubel Hubel , David H . Hubrecht Hubrecht , Ambrosius A.W . Huchard , Henri huck towel Huckel Huckel rule Hucker Hucker - Conn stain Huckleberry Finn syndrome hucklebones Hudson Hudson , Arthur Cyril Hudson - Stahli line hue Huebner , O . Hueck Hueck , Alexander F . huesero Huet Huet , G.J . Hueter Hueter maneuver ▼ Full browser ▲ Hubble Edwin Powell Hubble effect Hubble European Space Agency Information Centre Hubble expansion Hubble expansion Hubble Flow Hubble Flow Hubble Guide Star Catalog Hubble Guide Star Catalog Hubble Heritage Project Hubble Imaging Michaelson Spectrometer Hubble law Hubble law Hubble Middle School Hubble Opto - Mechanical Simulator Hubble Orbital Systems Test Hubble parameter Hubble parameter Hubble radius Hubble redshift Hubble redshift Hubble sequence Hubble sequence Hubble Servicing Mission Hubble Space Science Institute Hubble Space Telescope ( HST ) Hubble Space Telescope ( HST ) Hubble Space Telescope Design / Engineering Knowledge Base Hubble Space Telescope Guide Catalog Hubble Space Telescope Guide Star Catalog Hubble Space Telescope Observatory Management System Hubble Space Telescope Operations Control Center Hubble Space Telescope Project Hubble Space Telescope Project - Goddard Hubble Space Telescope Revisit Hubble Space Telescope Salvage Mission Hubble Space Telescope , Guide Catalog Hubble Telescope Hubble Telescope Hubble theory Hubble theory Hubble time Hubble time Hubble Tuning Fork Hubble Ultra Deep Field Hubble volume Hubble ' s constant Hubble ' s constant Hubble ' s law Hubble ' s law Hubble ' s parameter Hubble ' s Variable Nebula Hubble , Edwin Hubble , Edwin Powell Hubble , Edwin Powell ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Hypercholesterolemia
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hypercholesterolemia Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Acronyms Encyclopedia Wikipedia Hypercholesterolemia Definition Hypercholesterolemia refers to levels of cholesterol in the blood that are higher than normal . Description Cholesterol circulates in the blood stream . It is an essential molecule for human body . Cholesterol is a molecule from which hormones and steroids are made . It also used to maintain nerve cells . Between 75 and 80 % of cholesterol that circulates a person ' s bloodstream made person ' s liver . The remainder acquired from outside sources . found animal sources food . not found plants . Normal level number derived by laboratory analysis . A normal or desirable level defined as less than 200 mg per deciliter ( mg / dL ) . Blood considered be borderline when it range 200 239 mg / dL . Elevated 240 mg / dL or above . Elevated considered be hypercholesterolemia . has been divided into two major categories : low - density lipoprotein ( LDL ) , so - called " bad " cholesterol , high - density lipoprotein ( HDL ) , so - called " good " cholesterol . Diet , exercise smoking , alcohol , certain illnesses can affect levels both types cholesterol . Eating high fat diet will increase one ' s LDL Exercising reducing one ' s weight will both increase HDL lower LDL The most common cause elevated serum eating foods rich saturated fats contain high also can caused by an underlying disease raises such as diabetes mellitus kidney disease , liver disease , hypothyroidism caused inherited disorder which not metabolized properly body . Obesity generally results eating diet fat , lead elevated blood . This because obesity itself leads body produce excessive amounts increases risk heart disease . circulating cause deposits form inside vessels . These deposits , called plaque , composed fats deposited bloodstream . When deposits become sufficiently large , they block vessels decrease flow blood . These result disease process called atherosclerosis blood clots form ultimately stop flow . If this happens arteries supplying heart , heart attack occur . If it happens brain , result stroke where portion brain tissue dies . Atherosclerosis causes more deaths heart any other single condition . Heart has been leading death United States for past half century . There syndrome familial hypercholesterolemia . Affected persons have consistently LDL . This leads early clogging coronary arteries . In turn this attack . Among affected males , first attack typically occurs their 40s 50s . Approximately 85 % men with disorder have experienced attack time they reach 60 years age . incidence attacks among women with increased . However , delayed 10 years compared men . incidence familial hypercholesterolemia seven out 1,000 people . Causes and symptoms silent . There no symptoms obvious naked eye . diagnosed test after stroke occurs . Diagnosis diagnosed using test . A specimen obtained after patient does eat drink anything ( except water ) 12 hours . fasting done measure HDL cholesterol , only determined accurately fasting state . Some experts agree acceptable limit 130 mg / dL , though National Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III recommended goal less 100mg / dL . Total under mg / dL thought acceptable range . Treatment individual ' s elevated , discussions physician should scheduled determine what course treatment may needed . Initial treatment usually requires dietary changes reduce intake total fat , saturated Most health care professionals recommend weight height proportionate . In addition diet , guidelines recommend exercise help bring levels . Further , experts counsel persons their intake soluble fiber . Sources soluble fiber include bran , foods containing whole grains other sources indigestible fiber such lignin . Physicians patients stop smoking part first - line therapy reason treating reduce individual ' s risk complications . low does n ' t significantly level , medication may required . For every 1 percent reduction level , reduced 2 percent . possible partially reverse atherosclerosis already occurred aggressively lowering medications . Prescription drugs available help lower used first - line therapy high - risk patients about three months dietary lifestyle therapy . Cholestyramine , cholestipol , lovastatin , simvastatin , pravastatin , fluvaststin , rosuvastatin , gemfibrazol some drugs approved use United States . most often prescribed group statins , shown some studies depression dementia Alternative treatment advocates using vitamins minerals antioxidant substances relatively amounts . amounts generally exceed those provided Food Drug Administration its Minimum Daily Requirements ( MDR ) . Advocates therapies emphasize increased exercise , attaining ideal body increasing diet . Some people advocated use garlic , soy isoflavones serum levels . 2003 , enriched green tea was effective addition low - fat lowering adults . Prognosis prognos direct proportion People at dying disease . Many studies looked at relationship between levels , increased death . one investigation relatively young males who had no known were measured participants were followed six years . During time , all attacks deaths occurred among participants recorded . As increased , so did experiencing fatal attack . fatal was approximately five times higher having 300 more compared those below mg / dL . Framingham Heart Study ongoing research effort . levels , smoking habits , rates , population entire town recorded over 40 years . After 30 years , 85 % 180 still alive ; almost third greater 260 had died . Prevention Experts suggest following steps maintain within normal limits : important component height if inappropriate height . Changing habits reducing amount fat consumed advised . Doctors avoiding starting quitting if currently smoker . Increasing including beans , raw fruits , whole grains vegetables receommended . important on regular basis . Aerobic especially helpful People families strong history early should evaluated lipid screen . Proper diet , effective lipid Nutrition cardiac offer following suggestions : purchasing low - fat fat - free dairy products milk , cheese , sour cream , yogurt lean red meats , chicken without skin , fish consumption french fries avoid rich eggs , liver , cheese , bacon smaller servings keeping food journal writing down everything eaten each day prepare food microwaving , boiling , broiling , baking instead frying trimming meat before cooking it . Key terms Atherosclerosis process whereby plaques fatty substances deposited inside arteries , diameter vessels eventually causing damage tissues located beyond site blockage . Coronary artery One five supply heart . Deciliter ( dL ) 100 cubic centimeters ( cc ) . High density lipoprotein ( HDL ) fraction total lipids , so " good " Low density lipoprotein ( LDL ) fraction lipids , " bad " Resources Books Braunwald , Eugene , Douglas Zipes , Perter Libby . Disease : Textbook Cardiovascular Medicine 6th ed . Philadelphia : Saunders , 2001 . Foody , J.M , Eugene Braunwald . Preventive Cardiology : Strategies Prevention Coronary Artery Disease Totowa , NJ : Humana Press , 2001 . Hiatt , William R . " Atheroclerotic peripheral arterial disease . " Cecil Textbook Medicine edited Lee Goldman J . Claude Bennett , 21st ed . Philadelphia : W.B . Saunders , 2000 , pp . 357 - 362 . Hiatt , William R . , Judith Regensteiner , Alan T . Hirsch . Peripheral Arterial Disease Handbook Boca Raton , FL : CRC Press , Silver , Malcom , Schoen Gottleib . Cardiovascular Pathology 3rd Boston , Churchill Livingstone , Periodicals Aronow , Wilbert S . " Hypercholesterolemia : Evidence Supports Use Statins . " Geriatrics August 2003 : 18 . " Cholesterol - lowering Effect Green Tea . " Nutraceuticals International September 2003 . Jackson , P.R . " Cholesterol - lowering Therapy Smokers . " Lancet 357 , no . 9260 ( 2001 ) : 960 - 961 . " Link Drugs Disputed . " Week September 29 , 2003 : 73 . Mechcatie , Elizabeth . " FDA Okays Rosuvastatin Hypercholeterolemia : Most Potent Statin Date . " Internal News 1 , 30 - 31 . Shamir R . , A . Lerner , E . A . Fisher . " Hypercholesterolemia Children . " Israel Medical Association Journal 2 , no . 10 ( 2000 ) : 767 - 771 . Organizations American Association , National Center . 7272 Greenville Avenue , Dallas , Texas 75231 . ( 877 ) 242 - 4277 . http : / / www . americanheart . org American Medical Association . 515 N . State Street , Chicago , IL 60610 . ( 312 ) 464 - 5000 . http : / / www . ama - assn . org / Society Nuclear Cardiology . 9111 Old Georgetown Road , Bethesda , MD 20814 - 1699 . ( 301 ) 493 - 2360 . Fax : ( 301 ) 493 - 2376 , http : / / www . asnc . org Other Academy Family Practice : http : / / www . aafp . org / afp / 20000201 / 675 . html Association . 〈 http : / / www . americanheart . org / Scientific / pubs / hyperchol / 〉 . Merck Manual . http : / / www . merck . com / pubs / mmanual / section2 / chapter15 / 15c . htm Library Medicine : http : / / www . nlm . nih . gov / medlineplus / ency / article / 000403 . htm Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . hi ″ per - ko - les ″ ter - ol - e me - ah excess hyperlipoproteinemia ( type II ) . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . hy · per · cho · les · ter · ol · e · mi · a hypercholesteremiahypercholesterinemia hī ' pĕr - kō - les ' tĕr - ol - ē ' mē - ă , hī ' per - kō - les ' ter - ē ' mē - ă , hī ' per - kō - les ' ter - i - nē ' mē - ă ) , presence abnormally large amount Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / hy · per · cho · les · ter · ol · emia / - ko - les ″ ter - ol - e me - ah excess blood . hypercholesterole mic inherited metabolism due defects receptor low - density ( LDL ) , xanthomas , corneal arcus , premature corneal atherosclerosis , type II - a hyperlipoproteinemia biochemical phenotype plasma Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( hī ′ pər - kə - lĕs ′ tər - ə - lē ′ mē - ə ) n . 1 . An 2 . characterized concentrations concentrations triglycerides . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . [ - kōles ′ tərōlē ′ mē · ə ] Etymology : Gk , hyper + chole , bile , stereos , solid , haima , condition greater present High lipids lead development atherosclerosis . reduced prevented avoiding fats , red meats , eggs , dairy products , certain medications . Inherited defect receptor apolipoprotein B ; cases factor . Also spelled hypercholesterolaemia . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . hy · per · cho · les · ter · ol · e · mi · a hī ' pĕr - kŏ - les ' tĕr - ol - ē ' mē - ă presence abnormally large Synonym ( s ) : hypercholesteremia hypercholesterolaemia Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 hypercholesterolemia ( hīˈ · per · k · lesˈ · ter · · lēˑ · mē · n condition marked excessive blood ; plaques arterial walls , thereby obstructing flow heart , brain , organs . increases cardiovascular stroke . Jonas : Mosby ' s Dictionary of Complementary and Alternative Medicine . ( c ) 2005 , Elsevier . hy · per · cho · les · ter · ol · e · mi · a hī ' pĕr - kŏ - les ' tĕr - ol - ē ' mē - ă Synonym ( s ) : hypercholesteremia hypercholesterolaemia Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 hypercholesterolemia , n cells plasma circulating Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . hypercholesterolemia , hypercholesteremia blood ; finding lactating cows . Occurs obstructive jaundice . See Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / hypercholesterolemia " > hypercholesterolemia < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in 4S abetalipoproteinemia Acid Vesicle System antihypercholesterolemic atorvastatin atorvastatin calcium B complex vitamins Bassen - Kornzweig syndrome Baycol Beta Propeller biliary xanthomatosis biotin deficiency cerivastatin Cholestagel cholesteremia cholesterol test cholesterolemia cholestyramine References in periodicals archive This was evident from the Centralized pan - Middle East Survey on the undertreatment of ( CEPHEUS ) , which was conducted in 5,276 patients in six Arabian Gulf countries on LLDs . Dyslipidemia in the Arabian Gulf and its impact on cardiovascular risk outcome Hopkins PN , Toth PP , Ballantyne CM , et al ; National Lipid Association Expert Panel on Familial Familial hypercholesterolemia : clues to catching it early : here ' s how to spot the red flags that could signal your patient is at risk and steps you can take to potentially extend his or her life Statistical analysis : Comparison was done with mean and maximum of CIMT of patients and controls . Determination of site - specific carotid - intima media thickness : common carotid artery and carotid bifurcation in hypercholesterolemia patients 2b ) at which could be cause of severe in these patients . Genetic basis for diagnosis of novel mutation of LDL receptor gene Goldberg AC , Hopkins PN , Toth PP , Ballantyne CM , Rader DJ , Robinson JG , et al ; National Lipid Association Expert Panel on Familial New Treatments on the Horizon for Familial Hypercholesterolemia This study was designed to determine the association of rs5888 polymorphism in the SCARB gene with risk of developing and myocardial infarction in Indian Tamil population . SCARB1 rs5888 c . 1050C > T Polymorphism and the Risk of Hypercholesterolemia and Myocardial Infarction in Indian Tamil Population Thirty - five hypercholesterolemic patients whose low - density lipoprotein ( LDL ) - cholesterol levels were > 155 mg / dL ( 4 mmol / L ) ( 20 girls and 15 boys ; age , median : 13 years , minimum : 4 years , maximum : 18 years ) and who had a history of familial , and forty healthy normocholesterolemic subjects ( 28 girls and 12 boys ; age , median : 13 years , minimum : 4 years , maximum : 18 years ) were asked to participate in this study . Association Between Soluble CD40 Ligand and Hypercholesterolemia in Children and Adolescents / Cocuk ve Adolesanlarda Soluble CD40 Ligandi ile Yuksek Kolesterol Duzeylerinin Iliskisi The report reviews key players involved Heterozygous familial ( heFH ) therapeutics and enlists all their major and minor projects New Market Report : Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia ( heFH ) - Pipeline Review , H1 2016 Alirocumab by the inhibition of PCSK9 , offers a new target , and hence a new ray of hope for patients with familial especially in people with atherosclerosis who require additional lowering of LDL cholesterol when diet and statin treatment have not worked . Alirocumab - - a novel drug for familial hypercholesterolemia Familial is commonly attributed to autosomal dominant inherited defects in the LDL receptor ( LDLR ) that cause impaired uptake and metabolism of LDL particles by hepatocytes . Familial hypercholesterolemia in youth Familial ( FH ) clinical characteristics include elevated LDL cholesterol levels tendon xanthomas and increased risk of premature coronary artery diseases . Single step PCR for the identification of Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor ( LDL - R ) gene mutations The treatment of this case , the first on the world level , provides hope for many patients suffering from familial , as the prognosis for such cases was poor due to the complications associated with the disease . SQU Hospital Successfully Treats the 1st Pregnant Patient with Familial Hypercholesterolemia More results ► Medical browser ▲ hypercalcuria hypercapemia hypercapnaea hypercapnia hypercapnic acidosis hypercapnic drive response hypercapnic ventilatory response hypercarbia hypercardia hypercarotenemia hypercatabolic hypercatabolism hypercatharsis hypercathexis hypercellularity hypercementosis hypercenesthesia hyperchloremia hyperchloremic acidosis hyperchlorhydria hyperchloridation hyperchloridemia hyperchloruria hypercholesterolemic xanthomatosis hypercholesterolia hypercholia hyperchromaffinism hyperchromasia hyperchromatic hyperchromatic cell hyperchromatic macrocythemia hyperchromatism hyperchromatosis hyperchromia hyperchromic hyperchromic anemia hyperchromic effect hyperchylia hyperchylomicronemia hyperCKemia hypercoagulability hypercoagulable hypercoagulable state hypercoagulable states Hypercoagulation Disorders hypercolumn hyperconscious hypercontracted sarcomeres ▼ Full browser ▲ hypercementosis hypercenesthesia hyperchamaerrhine hypercharge hypercharge Hyperchloraemia Hyperchloraemia hyperchloremia Hyperchloremic acidosis Hyperchloremic acidosis hyperchlorhydria Hyperchloric hyperchloridation hyperchloridemia hyperchloruria hypercholesteremiahypercholesterinemia Hypercholesterolaemia Hypercholesterolaemia Hypercholesterolemia , familial Hypercholesterolemia , familial hypercholesterolemic xanthomatosis hypercholesterolia hypercholestoremia hypercholestoremia hypercholia hyperchromaffinism hyperchromasia hyperchromatic hyperchromatic anemia hyperchromatic anemia hyperchromatic cell hyperchromatic macrocythemia hyperchromatism hyperchromatosis hyperchromia ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Immunoelectrophoresis
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immunoelectrophoresis Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Acronyms Encyclopedia Wikipedia Immunoelectrophoresis Definition Immunoelectrophoresis , also called gamma globulin electrophoresis , or immunoglobulin electrophoresis , is a method of determining the blood levels of three major immunoglobulins : immunoglobulin M ( IgM ) , G ( IgG ) , and A ( IgA ) . Purpose Immunoelectrophoresis is a powerful analytical technique with high resolving power as it combines separation antigens by electrophoresis with immunodiffusion against an antiserum . The increased resolution benefit in the immunological examination serum proteins . aids in diagnosis and evaluation therapeutic response many disease states affecting immune system . It usually requested when different type called serum protein electrophoresis has indicated rise at level . also used frequently to diagnose multiple myeloma disease affecting bone marrow . Precautions Drugs that may cause increased levels include therapeutic gamma globulin , hydralazine , isoniazid , phenytoin ( Dilantin ) , procainamide , oral contraceptives methadone , steroids , tetanus toxoid antitoxin . The laboratory should be notified if patient has received any vaccinations or immunizations six months before test . This mainly because prior immunizations lead to resulting false positive results . It should be noted that , because immunoelectrophoresis not quantitative , it being replaced by procedure immunofixation , which more sensitive easier interpret . Description Serum proteins separate agar gels under influence an electric field into albumin , alpha 1 , alpha 2 , beta globulins . performed placing on slide containing gel designed specifically for test . An electric current then passed through gel , immunoglobulins , which contain charge , migrate through gel according difference their individual charges . Antiserum placed alongside slide identify specific type present . results are used identify different entities , aid monitoring course response patient such conditions as immune deficiencies , autoimmune disease , chronic infections , chronic viral infections , intrauterine fetal infections . There are five classes antibodies : IgM , IgG , IgA , IgE , IgD . IgM produced upon initial exposure antigen . For example , when person receives first tetanus vaccination antitetanus antibodies IgM class produced 10 14 days later . abundant blood but not normally present organs tissues . primarily responsible for ABO grouping rheumatoid factor , yet involved immunologic reaction other such hepatitis . Since does cross placenta , elevation this newborn indicates intrauterine infection rubella cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) sexually transmitted ( STD ) . IgG most prevalent antibody , comprising approximately 75 % immunoglobulins . IgG upon subsequent exposure antigen . As example , after receiving second shot , booster , person produces antibodies five seven days . present both tissues , only antibody cross placenta from mother fetus . Maternal protects newborn first months life , until infant ' s system produces its own antibodies . IgA constitutes approximately 15 % immunoglobulins within body . Although found some degree blood , primarily secretions respiratory gastrointestinal tract , saliva , colostrum ( the yellowish fluid breasts during late pregnancy few days after childbirth ) , tears . IgA plays important role defending body against invasion germs mucous membrane - lined organs . IgE antibody that causes acute allergic reactions ; measured detect allergic conditions . IgD , constitutes smallest portion immunoglobulins , rarely evaluated detected , its function well understood . Preparation This test requires sample . Aftercare Because this test ordered either very low very high immunoglobulins suspected , alert any signs infection test , including fever chills , rash , skin ulcers . Any bone pain tenderness immediately reported physician . Risks Risks minimal , but may include slight bleeding from blood - drawing site , fainting feeling lightheaded venipuncture , bruising . Normal results Reference ranges vary laboratory depend method used . For adults , normal values usually found within following ranges ( 1 mg = 0.000035 oz . 1 dL = 0.33 oz . ) : IgM : 60 - 290 mg / dL IgG : 700 - 1,800 mg / dL IgA : 70 - 440 Abnormal results Increased can indicate Waldenstroöm ' s macroglobulinemia , malignancy caused secretion at malignant lymphoplasma cells . Increased can indicate hepatitis mononucleosis autoimmune diseases , like rheumatoid arthritis Decreased indicative AIDS immunosuppression caused certain drugs like steroids dextran , leukemia . liver disease diseases , hyperimmunization reactions , certain tuberculosis sarcoidosis Decreased Wiskott - Aldrich syndrome genetic deficiency inadequate synthesis other immunoglobulins . seen AIDS leukemia . liver disease , inflammatory bowel disease . ataxia , condition balance gait , limb eye movements , speech , telangiectasia , increase size number small vessels area skin , causing redness . seen conditions low protein ( hypoproteinemia ) , drug immunosuppression . Resources Books Fischbach , Frances T . A Manual Laboratory Diagnostic Tests Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams Wilkins , 1999 . Pagana , Kathleen D . , Timothy J . Pagana . Mosby ' s Manual Diagnostic Laboratory Tests St . Louis , MO : Mosby , Inc . , 1999 . Key terms Antibody protein manufactured white cells neutralize antigen body . In some cases , excessive formation leads illness , allergy , disorders . Antigen substance cause response , resulting production antibody , part body ' s defense disease . Many antigens foreign proteins naturally body , germs , toxins , tissues another organ transplantation . Autoimmune disorder condition formed body ' s own tissues ; forms arthritis . Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . im ″ u - no - e - lek ″ tro - fo - re sis distinguishing materials on basis their electrophoretic mobility antigenic specificities . rocket electrophoresis antigen migrates well agar containing antiserum , forming cone - shaped ( rocket ) precipitin bands . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . im · mu · no · e · lec · tro · pho · re · sis im ' yū - nō - ē - lek ' trō - fō - rē ' sis ) , kind precipitin components one group immunologic reactants ( usually mixture antigens ) separated basis electrophoretic mobility medium , separated components then being identified , means technique double diffusion , precipitates formed reaction group reactants ( antibodies ) . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / im · mu · no · elec · tro · pho · re · sis / - e - lek ″ tro - fah - re sis distinguishing materials antigenic specificities . rocket migrates antiserum , forming cone - shaped ( rocket ) bands . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( ĭm ′ yə - nō - ĭ - lĕk ′ trə - fə - rē ′ sĭs , ĭ - myo͞o ′ - ) n . separation identification based differences electrical charge reactivity antibodies . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . [ - ilek ′ trōfôrē ′ sis ] Etymology : L , immunis + Gk , elektron , amber , pherein , bear combines immunodiffusion separate allow identification complex proteins . spread out electrophoresis . Wells troughs cut into agar , parts placed troughs allowed diffuse toward visible will form series arcs antigen - antibody occurs . shape location each arc specific known Unusual arcs representative abnormal unknown protein . Although density precipitation corresponds concentration each band , does accurately quantify amount serum . immunoelectrophoretic , adj . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . im · mu · no · e · lec · tro · pho · re · sis im ' yū - nō - ĕ - lek ' trō - fŏr - ē ' sis kind one mobility ; identified precipitates reactants . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 use ANTIBODY ANTIGEN reactions PROTEINS have been ELECTROPHORESIS Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 im · mu · no · e · lec · tro · pho · re · sis im ' yū - nō - ĕ - lek ' trō - fŏr - ē ' sis Precipitin mobility . Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 immunoelectrophoresis ( im ūnō - ilek trəfərē sis ) n eletrophoresis allow complex Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . separation , gel , mixtures combine , following immunodiffusion , form precipitation lines counter wells , close together current applied direction other . When they migrate meet , line formed . bands ; area under cone calculate amount Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / immunoelectrophoresis " > immunoelectrophoresis < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in Agar Diffusion Test Antibody Antigen Autoimmune disorder Bence Jones protein test birdseed agar blood agar brilliant green agar chocolate agar CIE counter immunoelectrophoresis counterelectrophoresis counterimmunoelectrophoresis electroimmunoassay electroimmunodiffusion IEP IFE References in periodicals archive Echinococcosis in people is diagnosed by imaging techniques such as ultrasonography , MRI , or CT scanning supported by positive serologic tests ( ELISA , indirect immunofluorescence , , and immunoblotting ) . Chapter 6 Parasitic zoonoses 40 ) This finding is virtually diagnostic of Glanzmann thrombasthenia , but the disorder can be confirmed by platelet flow cytometry or crossed of platelet membrane proteins ( Table 2 ) . The laboratory diagnosis of platelet disorders : an algorithmic approach . ( CAP Laboratory Improvement Programs ) Glycosylation patterns of AGP were studied by two - dimensional crossed - affinity in agarose using con A ( type IV , Sigma , St . Quantitative and qualitative alterations of acute - phase proteins in healthy elderly persons Purchase of reagents for allergy and autoimmunity , with placement of automated analyzer and reagents for capillary electrophoresis and , with placement of automated analyzer . Purchase of reagents performed in CSF and serum indicated rupture of the blood - brain barrier . Neurologic disorders and hepatitis E , France , 2010 showed that all four clones included the same heavy and light chain . IgA lambda oligoclonal gammopathy in multiple myeloma / Oligoklonal gammopati ile prezante olan bir ig a multipl miyelom olgusu The presence of paraproteins can be excluded by use of immunofixation or Unusual serum electrophoresis pattern in a woman with pancreatic carcinoma On interpreting the bone marrow , the pathologist would like to perform an , or IFE . Further IFE testing on bone marrow assay A type of precipitation reaction in which antigens and antibodies are diluted and mixed by electrophoresis through a gel . Glossary Subsequent urine revealed the presence of M subclass proteinuria . Multiple myeloma in a patient with hoarseness , dysphagia , aspiration , and cervical lymphadenopathy Serum did not reveal hyperproteinemia or paraproteinemia . Primary Plasmacytoma of the Breast More results ► Medical browser ▲ immunocytochemistry immunodeficiency immunodeficiency disease immunodeficiency disease , severe combined immunodeficiency disorder immunodeficiency disorders immunodeficiency syndrome immunodeficiency with elevated IgM immunodeficiency with hyper - IgM type 5 immunodeficiency , common variable , type 2 immunodeficiency , common variable , type 4 immunodeficient immunodepression immunodermatology immunodetection immunodiagnosis immunodiagnostic immunodominance immunodominant immunodominant peptide immunodot assay immunoelectroadsorption immunoelectrodiffusion immunoelectron microscopy immunoenhancement immunoenhancer immunoferritin immunoferritin technique immunofiltration immunofixation immunofixation electrophoresis Immunofixation Electrophoresis , Blood and Urine immunofluorescence immunofluorescence method immunofluorescence test immunofluorescent Immunofluorescent assay immunofluorescent microscopy immunofluorescent stain immunogen immunogenetics immunogenic immunogenicity immunogens immunoglobulin A immunoglobulin A deficiency immunoglobulin A deficiency type 2 immunoglobulin A nephropathy ▼ Full browser ▲ immunodiffusion tests immunodiffusion tests immunodominance immunodominant immunodominant epitope immunodominant epitope immunodominant peptide immunodot assay Immunodysregulation , Polyendocrinopathy , Enteropathy , X Linked immunoelectroadsorption immunoelectrodiffusion immunoelectron microscopy Immunoelectroosmophoresis immunoenhancement immunoenhancer Immunoenzymatic Staining Technique immunoferritin immunoferritin technique immunofiltration Immunofixation Immunofixation Agarose Gel Electrophoresis Immunofixation Electrophoresis Immunofixation Electrophoresis Immunofixation Electrophoresis , Blood and Urine immunoflorescence immunoflorescence immunofluorescence Immunofluorescence Antibody Technique Immunofluorescence Antibody Test Immunofluorescence Assay Immunofluorescence Digital Image Processing immunofluorescence method immunofluorescence microscopy immunofluorescence microscopy immunofluorescence test ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Immunosuppressant+Drugs
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immunosuppressant drugs Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia Immunosuppressant Drugs Definition Immunosuppressant drugs , also called anti - rejection drugs are used to prevent the body from rejecting a transplanted organ . Purpose When an organ , such as a liver , heart or kidney , is transplanted from one person ( the donor ) into another ( the recipient ) , the immune system of recipient triggers same response against new organ it would have to any foreign material , setting off chain of events that can damage organ . This process is called rejection and it can occur rapidly ( acute rejection ) , or over long period time ( chronic rejection ) . Rejection occur despite close matching donated organ and transplant patient . Immunosuppressant drugs greatly decrease risks rejection , protecting new preserving its function . These drugs act by blocking immune system so that less likely react against A wide variety are available achieve this aim but work in different ways reduce risk rejection . In addition being used prevent rejection , immunosuppressant also treat such severe skin disorders as psoriasis other diseases rheumatoid arthritis Crohn ' s disease ( chronic inflammation digestive tract ) patchy hair loss alopecia areata ) . Some these conditions termed " autoimmune " diseases , indicating acting body itself . Description be classified according their specific molecular mode action . The three main immunosuppressant currently in transplantations following : Cyclosporins ( Neoral , Sandimmune , SangCya ) . These act by inhibiting T - cell activation , thus preventing T - cells attacking Azathioprines ( Imuran ) . disrupt synthesis DNA RNA cell division . Corticosteroids prednisolone ( Deltasone , Orasone ) . suppress inflammation associated with transplant rejection . Most patients prescribed combination after their transplant , one each above main groups ; for example cyclosporin , azathioprine prednisolone . Over period time , doses each drug number taken may be reduced risks rejection decrease . However , most patients need take at least immunosuppressive for rest lives . Immunosuppressants classified depending on specific transplant : basiliximab ( Simulect ) combination with other cyclosporin corticosteroids , kidney transplants daclizumab ( Zenapax ) cyclosporin corticosteroids , kidney transplants muromonab CD3 ( Orthoclone OKT3 ) used , along cyclosporin , kidney , liver heart tacrolimus ( Prograf ) liver under study bone marrow , heart , pancreas , pancreatic island cell , small bowel transplantation Some immunosuppressants treat variety autoimmune diseases : Azathioprine ( Imuran ) not only transplants , but treatment rheumatoid arthritis . It has been chronic ulcerative colitis has been limited value this use . Cyclosporin ( Sandimmune , Neoral ) heart , liver , pancreas , bone marrow heart / lung transplantation . The Neoral form psoriasis rheumatoid arthritis . drug many conditions including multiple sclerosis diabetes myesthenia gravis . Glatiramer acetate ( Copaxone ) treatment relapsing - remitting multiple sclerosis . In study , glatiramer reduced frequency multiple sclerosis attacks 75 % over two - year period . Mycopehnolate ( CellCept ) along transplants . It problems associated lupus erythematosus . Sirolimus ( Rapamune ) including transplants . psoriasis . Recommended dosage available only physician ' s prescription . They come tablet , capsule , liquid injectable forms . recommended dosage depends on type form purpose which being used . Doses may different patients . prescribing physician pharmacist who filled prescription will advise correct dosage . Taking exactly directed very important . Smaller , larger more frequent doses should never taken , should never taken longer than directed . physician will decide exactly how much medicine patient needs . Blood tests often necessary monitor action drug . prescribing consulted before stopping an drug . Precautions Seeing regularly while taking important . regular checkups allow make sure working watch unwanted side effects . very powerful cause serious side effects , high blood pressure , problems problems . effects not show up until years after medicine used . Anyone who advised take thoroughly discuss benefits lower person ' s resistance infection make infections harder treat . increase chance uncontrolled bleeding . Anyone serious infection injury while taking get prompt medical attention sure treating knows about prescription . immediately informed if signs infection , fever chills , cough hoarseness , pain lower back side , painful difficult urination , bruising bleeding , blood urine , bloody black , tarry stools occur . Other ways preventing injury include washing hands frequently , avoiding sports which injuries occur , careful when using knives , razors , fingernail clippers sharp objects . Avoiding contact people have infections addition , people immunizations , smallpox vaccinations , without checking physicians . Because low resistance infection , these might get disease vaccine designed prevent . People avoid contact anyone oral polio vaccine , there chance virus could passed them . Other living home oral polio vaccine . cause gums become tender swollen bleed . If happens , dentist notified . Regular brushing , flossing , cleaning gum massage help problem . A dentist provide advice how clean teeth mouth without causing injury . Special conditions People certain medical certain medicines if they drugs . Before drugs , informed about any conditions : ALLERGIES had unusual reactions past let his her know before again . told allergies foods , dyes , preservatives , substances . PREGNANCY Azathioprine birth defects during pregnancy either male female using at time conception . use barrier method birth control , diaphragm condoms . Birth control pills physician ' s approval . Women become pregnant check physicians immediately . medicine ' s effects studied humans during pregnancy . Women pregnant need check physicians . BREASTFEEDING . pass into breast milk nursing babies whose mothers it . Breastfeeding recommended women medicine . OTHER MEDICAL CONDITIONS . they drugs . For example : shingles ( herpes zoster ) chickenpox recently exposed chickenpox , develop severe parts bodies when medicines . medicine ' s greater kidney disease liver disease because bodies slow rid medicine . forms weakened intestinal problems , because can not absorbed body . Before physicians aware conditions . USE OF CERTAIN MEDICINES . Taking affect way work increase effects . Side effects Increased risk common effect all protects suppressed , more likely . antibiotics co - trimoxazole prevents some infections . slightly increased cancer plays role protecting some forms cancer . For example , long - term use carries increased developing skin cancer result exposure sunlight . minor usually go away adjusts include loss appetite , nausea vomiting , hair growth , trembling shaking hands . Medical attention necessary unless continue problems . treating notified immediately following occur : unusual tiredness weakness fever chills frequent urinate Key terms Antibody Protein produced response presence antigen . Antigen Any substance organism foreign body . Examples antigens are : bacteria , bacterial toxins , viruses , cells proteins . Autoimmune disease overactive lost ability distinguish between self non - self . Chronic word describe long - lasting condition . Chronic often develop gradually involve slow changes . Corticosteroids class synthetic versions cortisone produced They rank among most powerful anti - inflammatory agents . Cortisone Glucocorticoid adrenal cortex stress . Cortisone steroid anti - inflammatory immunosuppressive properties . Immune response Physiological controlled involves production antibodies fight off substances agents ( antigens ) . Immune system network organs , cells , molecules together defend substances organisms causing as : bacteria , viruses , fungi parasites . Immunosuppresive cytotoxic drugs class function destroying cells suppressing response . Any chemical substance suppresses response . Immunosuppressive agent suppresses individual . Inflammation process occurring tissues , characterized circulation accumulation white cells . Inflammation occurs disorders arthritis causes harmful Inflammatory Pertaining inflammation . Lymphocyte Lymphocytes white participate two groups B antibody molecules surface T destroy antigens . Psoriasis characterized itchy , scaly , red patches skin . Rejection occurs recognizes " foreign " turns T cells several lymphocytes antigen receptors , involved cell - mediated immunity destruction antigen - bearing cells . Transplantation removal tissue part implantation another part body ; removal tissue individual its implantation individual surgery . Interactions interact medicines . When happens , both change greater . adverse effect therapy . This particularly important tacrolimus . example , levels rise , others levels fall important avoid contraindicated combinations . examples are : azathioprine greater allopurinol , gout . number female hormones ( estrogens ) , male hormones ( androgens ) , antifungal ketoconazole ( Nizoral ) , ulcer cimetidine ( Tagamet ) erythromycins ( used infections ) , cyclosporine . sirolimus same sirolimus level where there Although two usually together , four hours dose cyclosporin . Tacrolimus eliminated through kidneys . harm kidneys , antibiotics gentamicin amikacin , antifungal amphotericin B , tacrolimus increased . Careful monitoring essential given might damage . combined body ' s ability fight infection . corticosteroids prednisone ; anticancer drugs chlorambucil ( Leukeran ) , cyclophosphamide ( Cytoxan ) mercaptopurine ( Purinethol ) ; monoclonal antibody muromonab - CD3 ( Orthoclone ) , Not every interact listed here . takes let know all medicines he she ask whether possible interactions interfere treatment . Resources Books Abbas , A . K . , A . H . Lichtman . Basic Immunology : Functions Disorders Immune System Philadelphia : W . B . Saunders Co . , 2001 . Sompayrac , L . M . How Immune System Works Boston : Blackwell Science , 1999 . Travers , P . Immunobiology : Health Disease 5th edition . New York : Garland Publishers , 2001 . Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . immunosuppressant drugs Drugs so interfere normal reactions presence ANTIGEN Such graft caused phenomena , complex autoimmune disease . AZATHIOPRINE corticosteroid CYCLOSPORIN ( ciclosporin ) , mycophenolate motefil ( Cellcept ) , etanercept ( Enbrel ) , anakinra ( Kineret ) , ( Prograf ) , ( Rapamune ) , infliximab ( Remicade ) , daclizumab ( Zenapak ) anti - lymphocyte monoclonal OKT3 . See CTLA 4 - IG Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / immunosuppressant + drugs " > immunosuppressant drugs < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in acute kidney failure acute lobar pneumonia anal cancer Antibody Antigen antiphospholipid antibody syndrome Anti - Rejection Drugs Autoimmune disease autologous chondrocyte transplantation basiliximab celiac disease companion diagnostics cortisone dermatomyositis FTT fulminant hepatic failure gangrenous pneumonia References in periodicals archive Interestingly , some patients demonstrate temporary improvement from Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis CellCept should not be used in a woman who plans to become pregnant " unless she can not be successfully treated with other , " according to the letter . Postmarketing CellCept data prompt stronger pregnancy alert The use of an antigen - specific technology to regulate the immune response and the T - cells causing disease has a distinct advantage over the use of non - specific immunosuppressants because the AdapT technology should limit or even eliminate the unwanted side effects of the currently available CEL - SCI announces issuance of United States patent for new platform technology to treat immune system - based diseases Doctors have developed , but a patient may have to stay on these drugs for the rest of their life . Is the procedure really worth it ? With the high costs of and the risk of a second transplant if the original is rejected , the specific deductible could be impacted in the next policy year , as well . Critical transfer : brokers should advise self - insured clients to carve out organ - transplant coverage to keep medical - benefits costs healthy The protein CYP3A5 is part of the family of CYP3A enzymes , which break down cholesterol - lowering , anticancer , anti - HIV , and passing through the digestive system . The genetics behind drug breakdown . ( Pharmaceuticals ) The pains , according to the surgeon , are caused by Hallam ' s failure to take his Hand Transplant Recipient Throws in the Towel In previous clinical trials , however , patients taking Zenapax in combination with other have reported side effects - - but no more than patients taking those drugs without Zenapax . ZENAPAX REDUCES NUMBER / SEVERITY ORGAN REJECTION EPISODES That includes people with AIDS or those who are taking as part of their treatment for cancer , organ transplants , or conditions like asthma . How to avoid food poisoning The researchers fed the volunteers very small amounts of retinal S antigen three times a week , then took the patients off their Food for healing ; oral tolerance therapy aims to neutralize autoimmune diseases Immunosuppressant drugs , also called immune regulating drugs , suppress a person ' s immune system , slowing the destructive inflammation . Prescription pitfalls More results ► Medical browser ▲ immunoproliferative small intestine disease immunoprophylaxis immunoprotein immunoradiometric assay immunoradiometry immunoreactant immunoreaction immunoreactive immunoreactive insulin immunoregulation immunoregulator immunoregulatory hormone immunoregulatory hormones Immunoresistance immunoresponsiveness immunoscintigraphy immunosecretory disorders immunoselection immunosenescence immunosorbent immunostain immunostimulant immunostimulation Immunosuppresive cytotoxic drugs immunosuppressants Immunosuppressed immunosuppression Immunosuppressive drug immunosuppressive drugs Immunosuppressive medication immunosuppressive therapy immunosurveillance immunosympathectomy immunotherapies immunotherapy immunotolerance immunotoxin immunotransfusion Imodium Imovax IMP IMP dehydrogenase impact impact boosting impact factor impact force IMPACT II impact index ▼ Full browser ▲ immunostimulant Immunostimulating Complex Adjuvant Immunostimulating Reconstituted Influenza Virosomes immunostimulation Immunostimulator Immunostimulator Immunosuppresant Immunosuppresant Immunosuppresive drug Immunosuppresive drug immunosuppress Immunosuppressant drug Immunosuppressant drug Immunosuppressants immunosuppressed immunosuppressed immunosuppression Immunosuppressive Acidic Protein immunosuppressive agent immunosuppressive agent immunosuppressive drug immunosuppressive drug Immunosuppressive drugs Immunosuppressive drugs Immunosuppressive medication Immunosuppressive medications Immunosuppressive medications Immunosuppressive therapy ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Infra-orbital+lachrymal+gland
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lacrimal gland ( redirected from Infra - orbital lachrymal gland Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia lac · ri · mal gland [ TA ] the gland that secretes tears into the conjunctival sac ; it consists of 6 - 12 separate compound tubuloalveolar serous glands , located in upper lateral part of orbit . It is partially divided into a smaller palpebral part ( pars palpebralis ) and a larger orbital ( pars orbitalis ) by aponeurosis levator palpebrae muscle . Synonym ( s ) : glandula lacrimalis [ TA ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 lacrimal gland one pair glands situated superiorly and laterally to eye bulb in lacrimal fossa frontal bone . It is an oval structure about size an almond . The gland has about 10 ducts that run obliquely beneath conjunctiva open along upper lateral half superior conjunctival fornix . The watery secretion from consists tears , slightly alkaline saline , moisten conjunctiva . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . lac · ri · mal gland lak ' ri - măl gland secretes tears ; it 6 - 12 separate compound tubuloalveolar serous glands , located orbit , partially divided smaller palpebral larger orbital by aponeurosis levator palpebrae muscle . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 tear - secreting lying outer corner bony eye socket ( orbit ) opening many small ducts cul - de - sac CONJUNCTIVA behind lid . Lacrimal glands secrete during emotional weeping when irritated . normally kept wet tiny accessory lacrimal conjunctiva . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 Lacrimal gland An almond - shaped tears . Mentioned in : Lacrimal Duct Obstruction Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . pertaining to tears . apparatus group organs concerned with production drainage tears ; nutritive protective device helps keep moist free dust other irritating particles . Includes gland , accessory third eyelid nasolacrimal duct . Nasolacrimal apparatus dog . By permission from McCurnin D , Poffenbarger EM , Small Animal Physical Diagnosis Clinical Procedures , Saunders , 1991 canaliculus duct within eyelid . caruncle rounded , often pigmented swelling at medial canthus eye . cyst congenital displacement tissue results subconjunctival cysts . drainage system structures concerned with tear collection ; includes lake , puncta , canaliculi , sac nasolacrimal duct . duct there are two these minute draining tears conjunctiva , via puncta , sac . Called also canaliculus . irrigator 20 gauge , blunt - pointed , straight or curved cannula needle attachment so can be attached directly syringe nozzle . fossa medial wall rim which houses sac . contained pad fat dorsolateral cavity drains sac via many excretory ducts . secretion largely watery tears , but pig mucus . May develop adenitis . anomalies failure patency duct , supernumerary opening ductal ectasia recorded . atrophy syndrome keratoconjunctivitis sicca . imperforate puncta see imperforate punctum lake recess between lids at nasal commissure where collect . pump contraction orbiculari oculi muscle creates pressure on which causes drain lake . punctum there one on each eyelid close canthus . Each drains same eyelid . then pass See also reflex tear production caused irritation cornea distended proximal end empty . sinus excavation bone communicates maxillary sinus some species . system see ( above ) . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Infra - orbital + lachrymal + gland " > lacrimal gland < / a > Mentioned in accessory lacrimal glands acinous gland adnexa oculi alacrima alveolar gland apocrine gland basket cell Baumgarten glands Boll cells Boll , Franz C . canaliculi cardiac gland Ciaccio , Giuseppe V . cochlear duct communicating branch of lacrimal nerve with zygomatic nerve compound gland Crocodile Tear Syndrome crocodile tears crocodile tears syndrome Medical browser ▲ infralobar part of posterior vein ( of right superior pulmonary vein ) inframamillary inframammary inframammary crease inframammary fold inframammary region inframammillary inframandibular inframarginal inframaxillary infranasal depression infranatant infranatant fluid infranodal infranodal block infranodal disease infranuclear infraocclusion infraorbital infraorbital artery infraorbital canal infraorbital fold infraorbital foramen infraorbital groove infraorbital group of facial lymph nodes Infra - orbital lachrymal gland infraorbital margin infraorbital nerve infraorbital pes infraorbital process infraorbital region infraorbital suture infraorbitomeatal line infraorder infrapalpebral sulcus infrapatellar infrapatellar branch of saphenous nerve infrapatellar bursitis infrapatellar fat pad infrapatellar fat - pad infrapatellar synovial fold infrapatellar synovial joint infraphysiologic infrapsychic infrapubic infrared infra - red infrared absorption spectroscopy infrared capnography infrared cataract infrared coagulator ▼ Full browser ▲ Infra Red Module Data Receive Infra Red Module Data Transmit Infra Red Monitor Infra Red Networking Infra Red Remote Infra Red Sensor Infra Red Socket Infra Red Source Infra Red Technology Infra red telescopes Infra Red Transfer Infra Red Transfer Picture Infra Solitary Reticular Formation infra - infra - Infra - axillary Infra - axillary Infra - Free Infra - Free Life Infra - Hepatic Vena Cava Infra - mammary fold Infra - orbital artery Infra - orbital artery Infra - orbital canal Infra - orbital foramen Infra - orbital groove Infra - orbital nerve Infra - red Infra - red Infra - Red Acquisition and Detection System Infra - Red Detection of Trains Infra - Red Emission Microscopy Infra - Red Experimental Source Infra - Red Gas Analyzer Infra - red guidance Infra - red homing Infra - red light Infra - red light Infra - red Mobile Communications Infra - red photography Infra - red photography Infra - red radiation Infra - red radiation Infra - red Radiometer Infra - red seeker Infra - red seeking Infra - red spectroscopy Infra - red spectroscopy infra . . . infraauricular deep parotid lymph nodes infraauricular subfascial parotid lymph nodes infraaxillary infraaxillary ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Intracranial+thrombosis
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thrombosis ( redirected from Intracranial thrombosis Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia thrombosis throm - bo sis formation , development , or presence of a thrombus this can happen whenever the flow of blood in arteries or veins is impeded . Many factors can interfere with normal blood flow : heart failure physical inactivity may retard circulation generally ; a change in the shape inner surface vessel wall may impede flow , as atherosclerosis mass grow inside body and exert pressure on vessel ; vessel wall be injured and roughened by an accident , surgery , burn , cold , inflammation , infection ; thicken reaction to presence foreign serum snake venom . adj . , adj thrombot ic . Sometimes thrombus detaches itself from is carried along by bloodstream . Such clot called an embolus condition known as embolism A form heart chambers , such after coronary ( see below ) at place where weakened , dilated atria case mitral stenosis Because normally flows more slowly through veins than through arteries , more common than arteries . Venous Thrombosis This occurs most often legs pelvis ; it be complication phlebitis result from injury to vein , occur with prolonged bed rest . The symptoms — a feeling heaviness , pain , warmth , swelling affected part , sometimes chills fever — do not necessarily indicate its severity . Immediate medical attention necessary any case . Under no circumstances should affected limb massaged . In superficial veins , bed rest legs elevated application heat area all that necessary . In deep veins , part must immobilized prevent clot spreading turning into embolus anticoagulant drugs given . With proper treatment , recovery occurs within short time unless embolism develops . Practice management guidelines for venous thromboembolism trauma patients note that vena cava filter should considered patients at high risk who are not candidates for anticoagulants Prevention Venous Thrombosis Immobility prime factor development thrombosis ; hence , all mobilized soon possible after surgery illness requires rest produces paralysis . Those who can not get out follow exercise routine involving either active passive motion extremities . dehydration also plays role development thrombosis , patient kept well hydrated . The use sequential compression devices , such graded elastic stockings automated devices providing intermittent compression legs , are widely used accepted , but there few clinical studies related their use . They probably play role prevention stasis combined other methods prevent thromboembolism . Clinical guidelines also support use low molecular weight heparin high risk when bleeding considered problem . Arterial main types arterial related arteriosclerosis although result infection injury artery . Arteriosclerosis hereditary brought on diabetes mellitus Coronary thrombosis , arterial coronary artery , complication atherosclerosis A one these arteries will block part supply muscle cause severe myocardial infarction which medical emergency . Cerebral one cerebral arteries ; obstructs supply brain results stroke syndrome Causes include hardening cerebral arteries , hypertension complications syphilis other infections , dehydration diabetes mellitus violent injury . advanced cases arteriosclerosis fill up whatever channel remains vessel , completely blocking off circulation causing gangrene This most frequently called peripheral thrombosis . onset , often sudden , characterized either tingling feeling numbness coldness limb . Pain always present . Immediate treatment anticoagulants necessary discourage clotting . If this effective , surgery required . condition common elderly diabetics . There now methods treatment save limb , surgical removal embolus , vessels remove old , narrowed , deteriorated vessels replace them grafts . vessel , which cause stroke syndrome see artery , myocardial infarction See deep venous ( DVT ) venous lower limb , characterized swelling , warmth , erythema ; it frequently precursor pulmonary See phlebothrombosis Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . throm · bo · sis pl . throm · bo · ses throm - bō ' sis , - sēz ) , 1 . Formation thrombus . 2 . Clotting within infarction tissues supplied vessel . [ G . thrombōsis , clotting , fr . thrombos , clot ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / throm · bo · sis / throm - bo sis formation thrombus . thrombot ic infarction . usually associated causing sudden death myocardial infarction . usually lower swelling , erythema , precursor pulmonary embolism Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( thrŏm - bō ′ sĭs ) n . pl . thrombo · ses ( - sēz ) formation , presence , thrombus . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . [ thrombō ′ sis ] thromboses , abnormal ( thrombus ) develops vessel . blood clotting thrombotic , adj . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . formation clots thrombi . Coronary thrombosis Deep vein thrombosis Effort thrombosis Late - stent Protein C deficiency Pulmonary thromboembolism McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . throm · bo · sis thromboses throm - bō ' sis , - sēz Formation thrombus ; clotting infarction tissues supplied [ G . thrombōsis , clotting , fr . thrombos , clot ] Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 Clotting artery vein so flow reduced impeded . If supplying vital part , muscle brain , cuts off flow , fatal . supplying limbs organs lead GANGRENE CORONARY THROMBOSIS CEREBRAL THROMBOSIS Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 blocks , partially blocks lead infarction , death tissue , due blocked supply . Mentioned in : Arterial Embolism Coagulation Disorders Coronary Stenting Deep Vein Thrombosis Gangrene Hypercoagulation Disorders Pulmonary Embolism Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . intravascular formation ; subserved occlusion association intimal atheroma , leading myocardial infarction / heart attack mural intimal large without local occlusion ; detach distal ischaemic gangrene vein , e.g . leg ; detach , passing system block pulmonary vein ( causing sudden death ) artery ( causing stroke / cerebrovascular accident ) Illustrated Dictionary of Podiatry and Foot Science by Jean Mooney © 2009 Elsevier Limited . All rights reserved . thrombosis ( thräm · bōˑ · sis ) n atypical wherein forms inside Jonas : Mosby ' s Dictionary of Complementary and Alternative Medicine . ( c ) 2005 , Elsevier . thromboses 1 . 2 . Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 thrombosis ( thrombō sis ) n deposit formed situ remaining place . An abnormal vascular ( blood clot ) develops body . cavernous sinus cavernous sinus occasionally arising maxillary periapical infection . prognosis poor but so grave before antibiotic therapy . artery ; attack occlusion . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . development , form whenever detaches itself carried along bloodstream , embolus . known Because normally flows slowly arteries . effect engorgement obstructed further aggravation edema local area drained vein . clinical signs will depend location e.g . cerebrovascular , pulmonary . caudal vena cava see caudal vena caval thrombosis . iliac iliac Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Patient discussion about thrombosis Q . How I clots ? I am 45 years old am supposed go business trip overseas . flight 12 hours long then have continue traveling bus . Could me have clots ? so , how it ? A . Always walk much you plane . Also , rotate your ankels circles . Sometimes try your ankels make alphabet them . Have fun . . Q . Are long flights dangerous ? I ' m flying next week my vacation , flight going rather ( almost 16 hours non - stop ) . Several years ago , my 75 years - old aunt had her lung similar length . heard during clots problems lungs breathing . Does mean it ' s dangerous me fly ? Should change ticket shorter connection flights ? A . Do relatives yours clotting problems too , like aunt ? You tell doctor about problem aunt had ask if it ' s genetic . More discussions about thrombosis This content is provided by iMedix and is subject to iMedix Terms . The Questions and Answers are not endorsed or recommended and are made available by patients , not doctors . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Intracranial + thrombosis " > thrombosis < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in activated protein C resistance anagrelide antiphospholipid antibody syndrome antithrombotic aortic - iliac thrombosis APC resistance ardeparin Arixtra arterial embolism atrophic thrombosis attack , heart CAMELOT cardiac thrombosis catheter - associated thrombosis cavernous sinus thrombosis cavernous transformation of portal vein cerebral arterial circle cerebral sinovenous thrombosis Medical browser ▲ intracorneal implants intracornual intracoronal intracoronal attachment intracoronal retainer intracoronary intracoronary radiation therapy intracoronary stenting intracorporeal intracorpuscular intracostal intracranial intracranial abscess intracranial adaptive capacity , decreased intracranial aneurysm intracranial compliance monitoring intracranial granulomatous arteritis intracranial haematoma intracranial hemorrhage intracranial hypertension intracranial hypotension intracranial part of optic nerve intracranial pneumatocele intracranial pressure intracranial pressure monitoring Intracranial thrombosis intracrine intractable intractable epilepsy intractable hiccups intractable pain intractible epilepsy intraculminate fissure intracutaneous intracutaneous reaction intracutaneous test intracystic intracystic papilloma intracytoplasmic intracytoplasmic sperm injection intrad intradermal intradermal injection intradermal naevus intradermal nevus intradermal test intradermopalpebral test intradialytic hypotension intradiscal electrothermal annuloplasty intradiscal electrothermal therapy intraduct ▼ Full browser ▲ intracranial part of vertebral artery intracranial part of vertebral artery intracranial pneumatocele intracranial pneumocele intracranial pressure intracranial pressure ( ICP ) intracranial pressure ( ICP ) intracranial pressure monitoring intracranial pressure screw intracranial pressure screw Intracranial Self - Stimulation Intracranial space Intracranial space Intracranial tumor Intracranial tumor intracranial tumors intracranial tumors Intracranial Vault intracranially intracranially intracratonic basin Intracrine intracrystalline intractability intractability intractable Intractable Conflict Knowledge Base intractable epilepsy intractable hiccups intractable pain intractable pain disorder Intractable Pain Treatment Act Intractable Plantar Keratosis Intractable Plantar Keratosis ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Ion+(chemistry)
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ion ( redirected from Ion ( chemistry ) Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia ion i on an atom or group of atoms having a positive cation or negative anion electric charge by virtue of having gained lost an electron ; substances forming ions are called electrolytes adj . , adj ion ic . dipolar that has both positive and negative regions charge . hydrogen the positively charged hydrogen atom ( H + ) , which is the all acids See also hydrogen ion concentration hydroxyl negatively charged group , OH − present to excess in alkaline solutions . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . i · on ī ' on ) , An group atoms carrying electric charge by virtue gained lost one more electrons . Ions with electricity ( anions ) travel toward a pole ( anode ) ; those with electricity ( cations ) travel toward pole ( cathode ) . Ions may exist in solid , liquid , gaseous environments , although those liquid ( electrolytes ) are more common and familiar . [ G . iōn , going ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 i on molecule that has one electrons acquired ( a cation ) ( an anion ) .ion ic dipolar zwitterion Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . [ ī ′ ən , ī ′ on ] Etymology : Gk , ienai , to go acquired electrical through gain loss electron electrons . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . i · on ī ' on An carrying ( anions ) ( anode ) ; ( cations ) ( cathode ) . may exist solid , liquid , gaseous environments , although liquid ( electrolytes ) common familiar . [ G . iōn , going ] Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 electrically atom , atoms , molecule . A is electron ; negatively electron . See also IONIZATION Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 carries due loss gain Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 Ion acquires electrical Mentioned in : Electrolyte Supplements Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . electron see anion cation Illustrated Dictionary of Podiatry and Foot Science by Jean Mooney © 2009 Elsevier Limited . All rights reserved . ion ( īˑ · n ) n molecule electrons , thus giving rise particle . Jonas : Mosby ' s Dictionary of Complementary and Alternative Medicine . ( c ) 2005 , Elsevier . ion Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 ( ī on ) n atomic particle , atom , chemical radical bearing charge , either positive . exchange chromatography process separating analyzing different substances according their affinities for chemically stable but very reactive synthetic exchangers , which composed largely polystyrene cellulose . The process uses absorbent containing ionizing groups accommodates exchange ions between solution be analyzed absorbent . Ion chromatography often used separate components nucleic acids proteins . pair two particles opposite charge , usually atomic residue resulting after interaction ionizing radiation orbital electrons atoms . The average energy required produce pair approximately 33 ( or 34 ) volts . ion - selective electrode potentiometric electrode develops potential presence ( or class ions ) , but not presence similar concentration other ions . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( cation ) ( anion ) Substances forming electrolytes . channel see channel zwitterion . positively ( H+ ) , present excess acid solutions . created when had removed radiation . pump calcium pump sodium trapping strategy for treatment poisonings based on principle cell membranes less permeable ionized compounds . With knowledge characteristics toxin , treatment can be given alter acid - base balance favor ionization . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Ion+ ( chemistry ) " > ion < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in accurate mass acid acid - base balance acidosis acrylic resin active methyl active transport anion - exchange resin anionic aquo - ion base blood electrolytes Bronsted base buffer calcium channel capsiacin receptor cation - exchange resin Medical browser ▲ iodophor iodophthalein iodoprotein iodopsin iodopyracet iodoquinol iodosorb iodotherapy iodothyronine iodotyrosine iodoxamate meglumine iodum ioduria IOG ioglycamic acid IoGold iohexol IOL IOL implant IOL Master IOM iometer IOML - ion Ion ( chemistry ) ion channel ion channel disease ion channel disorders ion channels ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer ion exchange ion exchange chromatography ion exchange resins ion exchanger ion generator ion pair ion pump ion transfer ion trap analyser ion / molecule reaction Ionamin ion - exchange chromatography ion - exchange resin ionic ionic bond ionic bonding ionic dissociation ionic strength ionisation energy ionium ▼ Full browser ▲ IOML IOMM Iomm&p IOMMMS IOMMP IOMMS IOMMU IOMO IOMOTC IOMOU IOMP IOMS IOMSA IOMSC IOMSN IOMSPC IOMSRA IOMT IOMTR IOMTSF Iomud Horse IOMVAC IOMVM IOMWA Ion ( physics ) Ion ( physics ) Ion ( prophet ) Ion ( prophet ) Ion accelerator Ion accelerator Ion Activity Product Ion Agirbiceanu Ion Agîrbiceanu Ion Analyzer / Langmuir Probe Ion and Neutral Camera Ion and Neutral Mass Spectrometer Ion Andreescu Ion Antonescu Ion Antonescu Ion Assisted Arc Deposition Ion Assisted Electron Beam Ion Assisted Reaction ion atmosphere Ion Auxiliary Propulsion System Ion Backscatter Diffraction ion backscattering ion beam Ion beam analysis Ion Beam Analytical Facility Ion Beam Applications Ion beam assisted deposition Ion Beam Assisted Deposition Yttria - Stabilized Zirconia Ion Beam Assisted Etching ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Kernig's+sign
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Kernig ' s sign Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Encyclopedia Wikipedia Kernig ' s sign ker nigz in the supine position the patient can easily and completely extend leg ; in sitting posture or when lying with thigh flexed upon abdomen leg can not be completely extended ; it is a sign of meningitis . Kernig ' s sign , which indicates meningitis . Flexion of hip and knee causes pain . From Ignatavicius Workman , 2002 . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . [ ker ′ niks ] Etymology : Vladimir M . Kernig , Russian physician , 1840 - 1917 a diagnostic sign for meningitis marked by loss ability supine patient to straighten leg when it is fully flexed at knee hip . Pain lower back resistance to straightening constitutes positive Kernig ' s sign . Usually can extend thigh not on abdomen . Compare Brudzinski ' s sign Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . An indication irritation membranes surrounding brain spinal cord ( the meninges ) as Attempts bend hip with straight ( straight raising ) cause pain are strongly opposed by irritative spasm hamstring muscles that bend knee . ( Vladimir Michailovich Kernig , 1840 – 1917 , Russian physician ) . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Kernig % 27s + sign " > Kernig& # 39 ; s sign < / a > Mentioned in aseptic meningitis bacterial meningitis Brudzinski ' s sign cerebrospinal meningitis CSM Darier sign epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis Guyon sign Hamburger Sign Kernig Kernig sign Kernig , Vladimir McMurray sign meningeal sign meningitis meningococcal meningitis Prehn sign Rosenbach sign Medical browser ▲ Kerckring center Kerckring folds Kerecid kerectasia kerectasis kerectomy Kergaradec , Jean Alexandre le Jameau kerion Kerley Kerley A lines Kerley B line Kerley B lines Kerley C lines Kerley lines Kerley , Peter J . KERMA Kermit Kern forceps kernal kernel kernicterus Kernig Kernig sign Kernig test Kernig , Vladimir Kernohan Kernohan notch Kernohan , James W . Kernohan ’ s notch kern - plasma relation theory kerosene kerosene grass kerosene poisoning kerosine Kerr Kerr incision Kerr , Harry Hyland Kerrison rongeur Kerry blue terrier Kerry cattle kersey Keshan disease Kesling , Harold D . Kestenbaum Kestenbaum number Kestenbaum procedure Kestenbaum sign Kestenbaum , Alfred Kestenberg movement profile kestrel ▼ Full browser ▲ Kernels Kernels Kernen Kernen Kerner Von Marilaun , Anton Kerner , Otto , Jr . Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary Kernersville Elementary School Kernersville Little League Kernersville Middle School Kernersville Police Department kernes kernes Kernforschungszentrum , Gmbh , Karlsruhe Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut kernicterus Kernig test Kernighan & Ritchie Kernighan and Ritchie Kernighan , Brian W . Kernighan - Lin Fiduccia - Mattheyses kerning kerning Kerning Party Quest Kernish kernite kernite kernites kernites Kernkraftwerk Kernkraftwerk Betriebsgesellschaft Kernkraftwerk Graben Kernkraftwerk Krümmel GmbH Kernkraftwerk Leibstadt Kernkraftwerk Lingen Kernkraftwerk Obrigheim Kernkraftwerk Sud Kernkraftwerk Unterweser kernmantel rope Kernohan Kernohan lesion Kernohan notch Kernohan , James W Kernohan , James W . Kernohan - Woltman syndrome ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Ketamin
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ketamine ( redirected from Ketamin Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus ketamine ke tah - mēn a nonbarbiturate anesthetic related to phencyclidine administered intravenously or intramuscularly to produce dissociative anesthesia . Approximately 12 per cent of patients experience emergence reactions , which can include frightening hallucinations and dreams . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ket · a · mine kēt ' ă - mēn ) , A parenterally administered anesthetic that produces catatonia , profound analgesia , increased sympathetic activity , and little relaxation of skeletal muscles ; side effects include sialorrhea occasional pronounced dysphoria , especially in adults ; chemically related phencyclidine ( PCP ) , it can produce hallucinations . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / keta · mine / ke tah - mēn a rapid - acting general anesthetic , used as the hydrochloride salt . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( kē ′ tə - mēn ′ ) n . A general given intravenously or intramuscularly , used especially for minor surgical procedures in which muscle relaxation is not required , illegally as recreational drug . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . surgical anaesthetic withdrawn from the market due disorientation violent behaviour that occurred when patients regained consciousness ; on club scene , is liquid form white powder snorted smoked with marijuana tobacco products Pharmacologic effects Dissociative anaesthesia , CNS stimulant , hallucinations , visual distortion , loss senses , sense time , identity for 30 minutes 2 hours , delirium , amnesia , impaired motor function , hypertension , depression , recurrent flashbacks , potentially fatal respiratory problems Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . Substance abuse withdrawn from market due disorientation violent behavior occurred when Pts regained consciousness ; on club scene , liquid form white powder snorted smoked with marijuana tobacco products Pharmacologic Dissociative anesthesia , CNS stimulant , hallucinations . visual distortion , loss senses , sense time , orientation 30 mins 2 hr , delirium , amnesia , impaired motor function , HTN , depression , recurrent flashbacks , potentially fatal respiratory problems McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . drug insensitivity pain , mental emotional dissociation lack awareness so procedures be carried out conscious patient . It PHENCYCLIDINE The drug WHO official list . A brand name Ketalar . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 ket · a · mine kēt ' ă - mēn parenterally produces catatonia , profound analgesia , increased sympathetic activity , little skeletal muscles ; side - effects sialorrhea occasional pronounced dysphoria . Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 ketamine , n muscles . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : Mentioned in 4 - aminopyridine acetaminophen adjuvant analgesic adjuvant analgesics Ancef anesthesia Anesthesia , General Benylin benzocaine bump Ceftin club drug conduction anesthesia Cortenema cyclohexamines cyclohexylamines diprivan dissociative anesthesia Medical browser ▲ kern - plasma relation theory kerosene kerosene grass kerosene poisoning kerosine Kerr Kerr incision Kerr , Harry Hyland Kerrison rongeur Kerry blue terrier Kerry cattle kersey Keshan disease Kesling , Harold D . Kestenbaum Kestenbaum number Kestenbaum procedure Kestenbaum sign Kestenbaum , Alfred Kestenberg movement profile kestrel ket - ket ( o ) - ketal Ketalar Ketamin ketamine hydrochloride ketanserin Ketapang virus Ketek ketene ketimine keto - keto acid keto acids ketoacidosis ketoacidotic coma ketoaciduria ketoaminoacidemia KetoCheck powder Ketocid ketoconazole Keto - Diastix ketogenesis ketogenic ketogenic amino acid ketogenic diet ketogenic steroid ketogenic substance ketogenic : antiketogenic ratio ▼ Full browser ▲ Kestroke combination Kestutis KESW Keswick Keswick Keswick ( disambiguation ) Keswick ( disambiguation ) Keswick Christian School Keswick School Parents Association Ket Ket Ket ( disambiguation ) Ket ( disambiguation ) Ket vector ket ( o ) - ket - KET / BM Keta Keta Ketaconazole Ketaconazole Ketal Ketal Ketalar Ketamine and Atropine ketamine hydrochloride Ketamine Psychedelic Therapy Ketamine - Midazolam Ketanest Ketanest Ketanodur Ketanserin Ketapang virus Ketaset Ketaset KETC ketch ketch Ketch rig Ketch rig Ketch , Jack Ketchall , Ephraim Ketchel , Stanley Ketcher , Nikolai Ketcher , Nikolai Khristoforovich ketches ketches Ketchikan ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Kidney+calculus
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kidney stone ( redirected from Kidney calculus Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia kidney kid ne either of the two bean - shaped organs in the lumbar region that filter blood , excreting end - products of body metabolism in form urine , and regulating concentrations hydrogen , sodium , potassium , phosphate , and other ions extracellular fluid . Physiology In an average adult each kidney is about 10 cm long , 5 cm wide , 2.5 thick , weighs 120 to 175 g . In this small area contains over a million microscopic filtering units , nephrons Blood arrives at by way renal artery , is distributed through arterioles into many millions capillaries which lead into nephrons . Fluids dissolved salts blood pass through walls capillaries are collected within malpighian capsule central capsule each nephron . Within a tuft called glomerulus that acts as semipermeable membrane permitting protein - free ultrafiltrate plasma to pass through . This filtrate forced renal tubules hairpin - shaped collecting channels nephrons . Capillaries walls tubules reabsorb water salts required by body deliver them system small veins which , turn , carry them renal vein return general circulation . Excess water other waste materials remain as urine The urine contains , besides water , quantity urea uric acid yellow pigments , amino acids , trace metals . The moves system ducts funnel - shaped renal pelvis kidney , which it led two ureters Filtering Capacity . About 1500 ml are excreted daily average adult . efficiency normal one most remarkable aspects body . Ordinarily it draws off from blood about 164 liters fluid daily , usually returns 98 99 per cent plus useful dissolved salts , according body ' s changing needs . Maintaining Acid - Base Balance kidneys help control body ' s acidity reabsorbing filtered bicarbonate ions exchange for chloride secreting hydrogen ions . When there alkalosis compensates reabsorbing less bicarbonate more hydrogen ions . Regulation Sodium - Water Balance . Normal osmolality volume fluids preserved normally functioning kidney . It does this actively sodium and , osmosis more water , thus varying concentration . regulation sodium level influenced aldosterone increases reabsorption ; secreted adrenal gland response low serum levels presence angiotensin II . reabsorption affected not only reabsorption but also antidiuretic hormone , secreted pituitary gland response high serum osmolality . Endocrine Functions . ischemia kidneys regulate pressure renin - angiotensin - aldosterone system Also , when cells become hypoxic they release hormone called erythropoietin stimulates maturation oxygen - bearing red cells bone marrow . also involved conversion inactive vitamin D active form , increases calcium absorption intestine calcium uptake bones . Disorders Kidneys Disorders include inflammation , infection , obstruction , structural defects , injuries , calculus formation , tumors . Specific disorders include types glomerulonephritis nephritis nephropathy pyelitis kidney stones polycystic kidney disease nephroptosis See renal failure Details structure kidney . amyloid one with amyloidosis waxy kidney artificial popular name for an extracorporeal hemodialyzer device used substitute nonfunctioning kidneys . Ask - Upmark hypoplastic with fewer lobules than usual fissures on its surface ; most affected persons have severe hypertension sometimes hypertensive encephalopathy retinopathy condition may be either congenital or secondary vesicoureteral reflux pyelonephritis cake solid , irregularly lobed organ bizarre shape , formed fusion anlagen ; lump kidney cicatricial shriveled , irregular , scarred due suppurative pyelonephritis . fatty fatty degeneration flea - bitten small , randomly scattered petechiae on its surface . floating nephroptosis fused single anomalous organ developed result fusion anlagen . horseshoe anomaly right left linked at end band tissue result poles anlagen . hypermobile lump cake kidney medullary sponge usually asymptomatic congenital condition multiple cystic dilatations collecting medullary portion pyramids give spongy , porous feeling appearance . Called sponge kidney myeloma changes seen multiple myeloma due filtration large amounts Bence Jones protein they tubular atrophy intraluminal casts multinucleate giant tubular interstitium , resulting failure . sponge medullary sponge kidney stone calculus kidney , composed crystals precipitated from matrix organic matter . Called nephrolith renal calculus About 80 per cent stones composed salts , precipitate out their normally soluble form urine , because patient has inherited tendency excrete excessive amounts idiopathic hypercalcemia ) . A very percentage stones associated parathyroid tumor production parathyroid hormone thus raises level . Persons intestinal absorption problems , including those who have had intestinal bypass surgery obesity , sometimes develop because excessive dietary oxalate , eventually excreted kidneys . Since vitamin C converted oxalate , large doses can predispose stone formation . common type oxalate calculi , hard ones consisting calcium oxalate some sharp spines can abrade pelvic epithelium , others smooth . Another common type phosphate calculi , contain calcium phosphate mineral such brushite or whitlockite ; may be hard , soft , friable range so fill pelvis . Struvite salt magnesium ammonium phosphate alkaline such produced urinary tract infections Uric acid when there increased excretion uric acid gout certain malignancies . An acid favors their formation . Cystine associated cystinuria hereditary disorder excretion cystine “ Staghorn stones ” ones extended pelvis calyces , giving sharp protrusions like antlers stag . Prevention No matter what stone , essential preventive measure high fluid intake prevent urinary stasis . order dilute sufficiently , adult must put out almost 4000 ml every 24 hours . A continuous flow adequate has both mechanical chemical effect . fluids flush urinary tract remove substances essential Also , itself contains substances bind potential precipitates , making soluble less able mass . Additional preventive measures avoidance prompt treatment urinary tract infections changing pH cases acidity alkalinity predisposes formation , treatment underlying pathologies parathyroid tumor , careful long - term follow - up patients who had bypass surgery history malabsorption . Uric prevented administering drug allopurinol inhibits formation uric acid , keeping relatively alkaline . An alkaline intake effective means preventing cystine stones . If these measures fail , however , drug penicillamine prescribed . specific strategy prevention formation individual patient requires chemical analysis stones , determine being formed . Symptoms Kidney do not always produce symptoms . However , lead infections inflammations do produce symptoms . definitive diagnosis established examination hematuria abdominal x - ray ( which detect salts ) , intravenous retrograde pyelogram using radiopaque dye . pyelogram will show itself but will gap stream dye courses down ureter . classic symptoms colic occur dislodged begins travel down ureter . Many spicules spikes surfaces ; roll along ureter scrape lining , causing excruciating pain bleeding . pain typically felt flank over ureter radiates downward toward genitalia inner thigh . Nausea vomiting occur severe pain . If infection present experiences fever chills . Treatment Stones than 5 mm eliminated normal passage urine ; desirable method treatment . Adequate medication given relieve relax muscular ureter , easing passage stone . Fluids given orally intravenously aid mechanical flushing . During period strained order determine whether passed and , if is , collect laboratory analysis . passed , traditional been surgical intervention remove via ureteroscopy newer noninvasive technique lithotripsy involves crushing fragments enough passed urine ; done using any variety techniques , being ultrasound Patient Care Prevention requires knowledge patients risk . Males much risk females development stones ; risk those sex family history Other persons immobilized any reason , tract infection , malabsorption . Analgesics should administered promptly provide relief facilitate stone . Fluid output measured ; encouraged 4000 every 24 hours . Characteristics noted , all strained until removed surgically . Dietary restrictions recommendations alter pH reason increased explained family members appropriate . taught take prescribed medications faithfully report symptoms infection promptly . wandering waxy amyloid kidney stōn 1 . 2 . unit weight Great Britain , equivalent 14 pounds avoirdupois ) , 6.34 kg . see kidney stone Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . n . hard mass forms deposits chiefly phosphates urates . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . See renal calculus Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . re · nal cal · cu · lus rē ' năl kal ' kyū - lŭs occurring within kidney ' s collecting system . Synonym ( s ) : Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 Kidney stone mass forms cause pain , bleeding , obstruction , infection . Stones primarily made up calcium . Mentioned in : Lithotripsy Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . Patient discussion about kidney stone Q . Why i get stones ? I am 38 three so far . Is coffee , meat , stress , damned DNA ? ! My uncle his 50s 30 stones ! A . Kidney very even without genetic familial background people tend get them . Of course , predisposition you have , higher your chances developing them , probably why you did . diet rich dairy cause your store excess calcium , tends calcify create stones . Not drinking enough reasons . Q . Would affect PSA reading ? Would drinking lots grapefruit juice affect PSA reading ? My husband ' s reading jumped 4.2 17 2 years ' time . How be ? This man takes all sorts supplements really watches his diet . He takes good care body , does NOT look act 68 . A . You should gland checked out . Your level might causing How i overcome ache ? morning appears . after wake up . First all , important distinguish ache lower back ache . ever suffered problems infections , might advisable see doctor , rule infection . However , if otherwise healthy , been experiencing back after wake up , much possible kidneys , muscles back . case , some exercise daily basis help strengthen lower ease you ' re experiencing . More discussions about kidney stone This content is provided by iMedix and is subject to iMedix Terms . The Questions and Answers are not endorsed or recommended and are made available by patients , not doctors . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Kidney + calculus " > kidney stone < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in acetohydroxamic acid Ammi visnaga amyloid kidney artificial kidney Ask - Upmark kidney biliary calculus black haw bladder calculus bladder stone cake kidney Calcium , Urine calculi calculous pyelitis Calculus , Kidney Stone Panel carbonic anhydrase inhibitor cellulose sodium phosphate centaury cystinuria Medical browser ▲ KHSO4 KHT kHz ki Ki 67 ki breathing Ki - 1 lymphoma Kiai kiawe bean kibble kibe kick Kickback kickback alert kicking kid kid glove autopsy Kidd blood group Kiddie Dope Kiditard Kidner procedure kidney abscess kidney bean Kidney Biopsy Kidney calculus kidney cancer kidney carbuncle kidney cysts kidney damage kidney dialysis kidney disease kidney disease in diabetes mellitus kidney disease , polycystic Kidney Disease : Improving Global Outcomes kidney failure kidney function Kidney Function Tests kidney holding forceps kidney infection kidney lobes kidney machine Kidney Nuclear Medicine Scan kidney pad kidney panel kidney pedicle forceps kidney stone squirm kidney stones kidney transplant Kidney Transplantation ▼ Full browser ▲ Kidney & Urology Foundation of America kidney abscess kidney and cardiac voltage dependend K+ channel Kidney and Urology Foundation of America kidney basin kidney basin kidney bean Kidney Bean Sign Kidney beans Kidney beans kidney begonia kidney begonia Kidney Biopsy Kidney cadherin Kidney calculi Kidney calculi Kidney cancer Kidney cancer Kidney Cancer Association Kidney Cancer in the United Kingdom Kidney Cancer Program Kidney Cancer Research Bureau kidney carbuncle Kidney Care Quality Education Act of 2007 Kidney Care Quality Initiative Kidney Cell Degenerating Virus Kidney Check Australia Taskforce Kidney Clinical Research Unit Kidney Community Emergency Response Coalition Kidney corpuscle Kidney corpuscle Kidney cortex Kidney cortex kidney CT kidney cysts kidney damage Kidney Dialysis Kidney Dialysis Kidney Dialysis Unit Kidney Diet kidney disease ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"kidney stone"
] |
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/LOA
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LOA Also found in : Dictionary Acronyms Encyclopedia Wikipedia LOA left occipitoanterior ( position of the fetus ) . Loa lo ah a genus of filarial nematodes . Loa lo a a threadlike species found in West Africa , 2 – 5 cm ( 1 – 2 in ) long , that inhabits the subcutaneous connective tissue body , which it traverses freely ( see loiasis ) . It is seen especially about orbit , including under conjunctiva , causing itching and occasionally edematous swellings . The immature forms , or microfilariae , are diurnal , being found in peripheral circulation greatest concentrations during day . Flies genus Chrysops are intermediate hosts and vectors . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . Abbreviation for left occipitoanterior position . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 ( position fetus ) . lo ah filarial nematodes , including L . lo a , West African species that migrates freely throughout subcutaneous connective tissue , seen especially about orbit even under conjunctiva , occasionally causing edematous swellings . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . [ lo ′ ə ] nematodes superfamily Filarioidea . L . loa is threadlike 2.5 to 5 cm long Africa . It inhabits tissue human body as an eye worm orbit conjunctiva . causes itching swellings ( Calabar swellings ) . The immature forms or microfilariae diurnal , being peripheral circulation greatest concentrations during day . loa extracted from conjunctiva 1 abbreviation for fetal position . 2 abbreviation looseness of association Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Abbreviation for : Leber optic atrophy occiput anterior letter agreement level activity linoleic acid loosening association loss attachment lysis adhesions Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . Abbrev . occipitoanterior , common position fetus womb , with head down back head pointing to front little left . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 LOA loss attachment . Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 onchocercid worms superfamily Filarioidea . causes nodules humans primates . Transmitted by Chrysops spp . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : Mentioned in air embolism anaphylaxis attachment bacteria blood - borne parasite Calabar swelling close - packed position Dipetalonema streptocerca diurnal periodicity dorsosacral position Dracunculus lova Dracunculus oculi English position eye worm Filaria Filaria bancrofti Filaria diurna filariasis Medical browser ▲ LMM LMN LMNA LMNB1 LMNB2 LMP LMP - 1 LMP - 2 LMR LMRP LMS LMSG Traffic Light System LMSSA LMT LMWH LMX1A LMX1B LN LNG LNMP LNPF LNS Lo Lo dose Lo / Ovral Loa loa load load & shift test load - and - shift maneuver load - distributing band cardiopulmonary resuscitation loaded loading loading dose loading response stance stage loading test loads loafer loaiasis loam loan store loaned servant doctrine loaner brain lobar lobar artery lobar bronchi lobar bronchus lobar buds Lobar hemorrhage lobar infiltrate lobar intracerebral hemorrhage ▼ Full browser ▲ lo - cal lo - cal LO - CAT Lo - fi Lo - fi Lo - fidelity Lo - Johansson , Ivar LO - MIX Lo - pu po Lo - pu po lo - res lo - res Lo - ruhamah lo - tech lo - tech LO / CLO LO / FI LO / LO Lo / Ovral LO2 LO3 LO7 LO8 LOA 4 Loa loa Loa loa filaria Loa loa filariasis Loa loa filariasis LOA / CFA LOAA LOAAR LOABC LOAC loach loach Loach ( fish ) Loach ( fish ) Loach , Ken Loach , Ken Loaches Loaches LOACREP load Load & Haul ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"LOA"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Lacrimal+Duct+Obstruction
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Lacrimal Duct Obstruction Lacrimal Duct Obstruction Definition A lacrimal duct obstruction is blockage of the tear duct , the thin channel that normally drains tears from surface of eye . Description The lacrimal glands , located above each eyeball , produce tears . The tears flow over eye , then drain through nasolacrimal ducts . A tiny hole at inner edge each eyelid marks opening ducts , which lead to sacs located on side nose . pass from sacs into nasolacrimal ducts and then into nose . When a tear duct becomes obstructed , may spill over eyelids and run down face . Stagnant within system can become infected , leading to recurrent red eyes infections . Excessive tearing can also produce secondary skin changes on lower eyelids . Causes and symptoms An obstructed result in inflammation infection sac . area beneath eyes next nose become red , inflamed , sensitive touch . area usually is swollen , there may be a mucous discharge opening nasal corner eye . Common complaints include itching irritation , burning , redness , foreign body sensation , tearing . Children frequently have congenital obstruction . Six ten percent all children are born before their ducts are open . In adults , common cause obstruction involution , which progressive degeneration occurring naturally with advancing age , resulting in shrivelling organs or tissues . Other causes include eyelid disorders infections by bacteria , viruses , fungi , parasites , inflammations , use eye drops or excessive nasal spray , systemic chemotherapy trauma previous surgeries , injury bone at side nose , foreign bodies , sinus disease , nasal polyps malignant benign tumors . Diagnosis If primary symptom excessive tearing , first step for health care professional determine if overflow due an increase production decrease drainage . Causes increased production trichiasis , disease eyelashes constant irritation , eyelid malpositions diseases . If abnormal ruled out , obstructions drainage most likely cause tearing . Additional observations swollen sac purulent eye discharge indicate that there be infection present . To further define diagnosis , cultured determine possible infective agents , while various imaging techniques used detect type obstruction . Dye tracer tests also used test for blockages . Treatment Lacrimal obstructions children often resolve spontaneously , with 95 % showing resolution before child one year old . Daily massaging sac help open blockage . topical antibiotic ointment applied if present . blockage not resolved after several weeks months this therapy , physician attempt forceful irrigation . Surgical probing open up under general anesthesia last resort , after year so less invasive treatments . In adults , conservative treatments usually recommended . infected inflamed massaged , warm compresses applied provide relief speed healing process . health care provider massage irrigate infected area . Topical antibiotic ointments oral antibiotics reduce infection . use analgesics such as aspirin recommended control discomfort reduce swelling . Severe cases require surgical intervention prevent future recurrences . Surgical approaches insertion probe catheter remove an creation artificial bypass Prognosis more conservative approaches fail clear obstruction , surgical procedures available , success rates greater than 90 % . Prevention many cases , not known . However , some cases , caused by smoking abuse sprays . Resources Periodicals Camara , Jorge G . , Alfonso U . Bengzon . " Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction . " eMedicine Journal August 24 , 2000 . http : / / www . emedicine . com / OPH / topic465 . htm Key terms Lacrimal duct short canal leading small orifice medial angle sac . Lacrimal gland An almond - shaped gland secretes tears . Lacrimal sac dilated upper end empty . Nasolacrimal duct channel transmits Purulent Consisting containing pus Tear drop clear , salty fluid secreted lachrimal gland . Trichiasis disease eye , eyelashes , being turned upon eyeball , constant irritation motion lids . Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Lacrimal + Duct + Obstruction " > Lacrimal Duct Obstruction < / a > Mentioned in branchiooculofacial syndrome lacrimal duct lacrimal gland lacrimal sac nasolacrimal duct purulent trichiasis Medical browser ▲ lachrymal gland lachrymation lachrymator lachrymatory LACI lacidipine lacinia laciniate lacis cell Lacombe lacosamide lacquer Lacquer Crack Appearance lacquer cracks lacri - lacrim - lacrima lacrimal abscess lacrimal apparatus lacrimal artery lacrimal bone lacrimal canaliculus lacrimal caruncle lacrimal duct lacrimal fascia lacrimal fistula lacrimal fluid lacrimal fold lacrimal fossa lacrimal gland lacrimal glands lacrimal groove lacrimal hamulus lacrimal lake lacrimal margin of maxilla lacrimal nerve lacrimal notch lacrimal papilla lacrimal part of orbicularis oculi muscle lacrimal pathway lacrimal plica lacrimal point lacrimal process lacrimal process of inferior nasal concha lacrimal punctum lacrimal reflex lacrimal sac lacrimal system lacrimal tubercle ▼ Full browser ▲ lacrimal crest lacrimal crest , anterior lacrimal crest , anterior lacrimal crest , posterior lacrimal crest , posterior lacrimal cyst lacrimal cyst lacrimal drainage system lacrimal drainage system Lacrimal Drainage - Associated Lymphoid Tissue lacrimal duct irrigator lacrimal duct irrigator lacrimal fascia lacrimal fistula Lacrimal fluid Lacrimal fluid lacrimal fold lacrimal fold1 Lacrimal fossa Lacrimal fossa lacrimal g lacrimal g lacrimal gland adenitis lacrimal gland adenitis lacrimal gland anomalies lacrimal gland anomalies lacrimal gland atrophy lacrimal gland atrophy ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"Lacrimal Duct Obstruction",
"Excessive tearing",
"eyelid disorders"
] |
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Letterer-Siwe
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Langerhans ’ cell histiocytosis ( redirected from Letterer - Siwe Langerhans ’ cell histiocytosis A group of conditions characterised by proliferation of Langerhans cells , which are lymphoreticular cells . Langerhans cell aggregates are nodular , especially in the lungs , and variably accompanied by eosinophils , foamy cells , neutrophils , and fibrosis . Prognosis Good if limited to a single system . Multi - system involvement carries a 10 – 20 % mortality rate due to organ failure ; 50 – 60 % have chronic disease ; 30 – 40 % have long - term clinical remission . cell histiocytosis types Pulmonary LCH A lesion virtually exclusive cigarette smokers , which is form smoking - related interstitial lung disease . Smoking cessation may lead reversal changes or evolution pulmonary fibrosis pulmonary hypertension . Unifocal LCH Eosinophilic granuloma , solitary bone involvement lesion affecting younger patients ; may affect any bone , most commonly the cranial vault , jaw , humerus , rib femur ( often spares hands feet ) . Imaging Mimics Ewing sarcoma . Treatment Curettage . Prognosis Excellent . Multifocal unisystem Hand - Schüller - Christian disease , multiple bone involvement . Polyostotic eosinophilic granuloma that affect skin , accompanied proptosis , diabetes insipidus , or chronic otitis media combination thereof , marked course with waxing waning symptoms . Relatively good . Multifocal multisystem Letterer - Siwe disease , multiple organ that affects bone , lung skin ; while histologically indistinct , it is more aggressive than other forms . Poor if < 18 months at time diagnosis ; haemorrhagic skin lesions ; hepatomegaly , anemia ; thrombocytopenia ; marrow involvement . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Letterer - Siwe " > Langerhans ’ cell histiocytosis < / a > Mentioned in acid phosphatase stain actinic granuloma adrenal insufficiency allergic granulomatosis antidiuretic hormone bone survey Christian syndrome Christian ’ s Triad Christian ' s disease coccidioidal granuloma dental granuloma disease enlarged lymph nodes eosinophilic granuloma Floating Teeth generalised eruptive histiocytoma geographic pattern granuloma granuloma fissuratum Medical browser ▲ lethal synthesis lethal tight skin contracture syndrome lethal triad Lethal Weapon lethality lethargic encephalitis lethargic hypnosis lethargy lethologia lethologic lethologica LETM1 LETM2 letrozole letrozone LETS letter letter blindness letter of intent letter of medical need letter of pre - determination letter of recommendation letter quality printer Letterer Letterer , Erich Letterer - Siwe disease Letterer - Siwe syndrome Letterman , David letting go and dropping Leu LEU M1 leuc - leuc ( o ) - leuc - , leuco - , leuk - , leuko - Leucaena leucocephala leucapheresis leucenosis leucine leucine aminopeptidase leucine aminopeptidase test leucine dehydrogenase leucine hypoglycemia leucine zipper leucine - induced hypoglycemia leucinosis leucinuria leucism leuco - leuco patent blue Leucobacter tropicalis ▼ Full browser ▲ letterboxes letterboxes letterboxing letterboxing Letterboxing North America lettercard lettercard lettered lettered lettered coordinates Lettered Edge Lettered Edges letteredly letteredly letterer letterer Letterer reticulosis Letterer , Erich Letterer - Siwe disease Letterer - Siwe syndrome letterfile letterform letterforms Lettergram letterhead letterhead Letterhead Fonts Letterheads lettering lettering Letteris , Meir ha - Levi Letterism Letterist Letterist International Letterkenny Army Depot Letterkenny Institute of Technology Letterkenny Institute of Technology Students Union Letterkenny Munitions Center Letterless ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"Langerhans ’ cell histiocytosis",
"Dictionary"
] |
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Leukeamia
|
leukemia ( redirected from Leukeamia Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia Related to Leukeamia : leukaemia leukemia loo - ke me - ah a progressive , malignant neoplasm of the blood - forming organs , marked by diffuse replacement of the bone marrow development leukocytes and their precursors in blood and bone marrow . It is accompanied by a reduced number erythrocytes blood platelets , resulting in anemia increased susceptibility to infection hemorrhage . Other typical symptoms include fever , pain joints bones , swelling lymph nodes , spleen , liver . adj . , adj leuke mic . Types Leukemia Leukemia is classified clinically several ways : ( 1 ) acute versus chronic , terms that have become altered from their usual meanings refer to degree cell differentiation ; ( 2 ) predominant proliferating cells : myelocytic , granulocytic , or lymphocytic ; ( 3 ) increase or maintenance number abnormal cells blood — preleukemic . Acute characterized fatigue , headache , sore throat , dyspnea , followed symptoms acute tonsillitis , stomatitis , bleeding from mucous membranes mouth , alimentary canal , rectum , pain bones joints . There eventually enlargement lymph nodes , liver , spleen . Common all leukemias are tendency bleed resultant anemia increased susceptibility infection . The diagnosis requires confirmation leukemic cells marrow biopsy aspiration . Abnormalities may also be seen peripheral smears . Treatment The treatment choice systemic combination chemotherapy with variety antineoplastic drug regimens . disease can also be treated transplant after remission achieved with chemotherapy . Patient Care affects almost every system within body can present variety patient care problems . Of primary concern are those attendant suppression normal function , particularly infection due predominance immature abnormally functioning white cells , bleeding tendency owing decreased platelet count , due decreased erythrocyte count . Chronic abnormal tissue perfusion , need for rest , sensitivity heat cold require careful planning intervention . Additionally , patient will need relief discomfort arising enlargement nodes distention liver spleen . Because malignant nature fear anxiety created knowledge that one has form cancer , patients families significant others will help coping anxiety , mental depression , realistic fears about dying death . financial burden illness disruption life individual family impose special burden on them . Referral appropriate persons agencies help meet needs an essential part holistic care leukemia . which involved cell line shows little no differentiation , usually consisting blast cells ; two types distinguished , acute lymphoblastic leukemia acute myelogenous leukemia granulocytic acute myelogenous leukemia lymphoblastic ( ALL ) lymphocytic acute leukemia lymphoblastic type , one two major categories leukemia , primarily affecting young children . Symptoms include anemia , fatigue , weight loss , easy bruising , thrombocytopenia , granulocytopenia bacterial infections , pain , lymphadenopathy , hepatosplenomegaly , sometimes spread central nervous system meningism other organs . There three major subtypes : pre – B - cell most common , consisting small uniform lymphoblasts do not synthesize complete functional immunoglobulins synthesize heavy chains only . B - cell type rare consists lymphoblasts express surface immunoglobulins have surface translocation similar Burkitt ' s lymphoma T - cell type has express antigens characteristic T cells . megakaryoblastic megakaryocytic form which megakaryocytes predominant platelets blood , often fibrosis ; it occur at any age . Called megakaryoblastic megakaryocytic leukemia monocytic an uncommon predominating identified as monocytes few myelocytes may present . It affect any age group . Called monocytic leukemia myeloblastic 1 . common kind myeloblasts predominate ; it usually occurs infants middle - aged older adults . Two types distinguished ; those minimal differentiation maturation more advanced differentiation . myeloblastic leukemia acute myeloid leukemia 2 . acute myelogenous leukemia . myelocytic myelogenous ( AML ) acute leukemia myelogenous type , categories leukemia ; most affect primarily middle - aged elderly people . Symptoms anemia , weight loss , easy bruising , thrombocytopenia , granulocytopenia leads persistent bacterial infections . Several distinguished , named according stage proliferation begins : acute undifferentiated l . acute myeloblastic l . acute promyelocytic l . acute myelomonocytic l . acute monocytic l . acute erythroleukemia acute megakaryocytic l . acute myelocytic l . acute nonlymphocytic l . myeloid 1 . acute myeloblastic leukemia ( def . 1 ) . 2 . myelomonocytic more common characterized both monocytes myeloblasts ; affects middle aged older adults . See chronic myelomonocytic leukemia myelomonocytic Naegeli ' s leukemia nonlymphocytic promyelocytic than half promyelocytes often associated secondary hypofibrinogenemia , levels coagulation factor V ; occurs young promyelocytic leukemia undifferentiated predominating so immature primitive can not classified . stem cell leukemia undifferentiated cell leukemia adult T - cell adult leukemia / lymphoma onset adulthood , leukemic properties , frequent dermal involvement , lymphadenopathy hepatosplenomegaly , subacute chronic course ; associated human leukemia - lymphoma virus . aleukemic leukocyte count normal below normal ; lymphocytic monocytic myelocytic basophilic rare basophils predominate ; both chronic varieties been observed . blast acute undifferentiated leukemia involved line well - differentiated , B - lymphocytes but immunologically incompetent ; distinguished chronic granulocytic chronic lymphocytic chronic myelomonocytic eosinophilic hairy cell leukemia granulocytic chronic leukemia occurring mainly between age 25 60 , unique chromosomal abnormality . clinical manifestations malaise , leukocytosis related abnormal , excessive , unrestrained overgrowth granulocytes marrow . chronic myelocytic myeloid chronic leukemia mainly seen elderly ; lymphadenopathy , renal involvement , pulmonary infiltrates . Circulating differentiated B - lymphocytes minority cases mixed T B entirely T - leukemia , ) ( chronic granulocytic leukemia slowly progressing elderly sometimes progresses acute myelomonocytic leukemia splenomegaly , monocytosis granulocytosis , thrombocytopenia . cu tis leukocytic invasion skin marked pink , reddish brown , purple macules , papules , tumors . eosinophilic eosinophil cell . Although resembling chronic granulocytic leukemia many ways , this follow course despite absence predominantly forms peripheral blood . myelogenous leukemia hairy splenomegaly abundance large mononuclear covered hairlike villi ( hairy marrow , spleen , liver , blood . leukemic reticuloendotheliosis leukopenic aleukemic leukemia lymphatic hyperplasia overactivity lymphoid tissue ; there numbers circulating lymphoblasts . See acute lymphoblastic leukemia chronic lymphocytic leukemia lymphogenous ) ( lymphoid lymphoblastic leukemia lymphosarcoma B - cell mast overwhelming numbers tissue mast acute megakaryocytic leukemia megakaryocytic hemorrhagic thrombocythemia acute megakaryocytic leukemia micromyeloblastic myelogenous leukemia immature , nucleoli - containing small distinguishable only special staining . acute monocytic leukemia myeloblastic acute myeloblastic leukemia arising polymorphonuclear leukocytes precursors predominate . Naegeli ' s acute myelomonocytic leukemia plasma plasmacytic plasma cell ; asociation multiple myeloma prolymphocytic large circulating lymphocytes , predominantly prolymphocytes massive splenomegaly occasionally lymphadenopathy ; prognosis poor . promyelocytic acute promyelocytic leukemia Rieder contains called Rieder ' s asynchronously developed cytoplasm lobulated , indented , comparatively mature nucleus . stem acute undifferentiated leukemia subleukemic aleukemic leukemia undifferentiated Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . leu · ke · mi · a lū - kē ' mē - ă ) , Progressive proliferation found hemopoietic tissues , other organs , numbers . classified dominant duration onset death . This within few months cases , including severe hemorrhages , slight nodes duration exceeds year , gradual nodes . Synonym ( s ) : leukocytic sarcoma [ leuko - + G . haima , blood ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / leu · ke · mia / loo - ke me - ah progressive , disease blood - forming distorted development marrow . leuke mic shows little no differentiation , cells ; comprises types , leukemia . acute myelogenous l . ( ALL ) infections , pain , spread central nervous system . subclassified on basis antigens expressed , e.g. , type . acute lymphoblastic l . megakaryocytes platelets uncommon monocytes . myeloblasts divided into basis degree differentiation . acute myelogenous l . ( AML ) including granulocytopenia . acute myeloblastic l . ( 1 ) . monoblasts . nonlymphocytic than half promyelocytes . ( AUL ) so can not classified . leukemia / lymphoma ( ATL ) adult - onset , subacute malignancy mature lymphocytes , believed caused human lymphotropic virus I . aleukemic total white count not elevated ; lymphocytic , monocytic , myelogenous . basophilic predominate . well differentiated , B but immunologically incompetent . specific chromosomal abnormality occurring adulthood . ( CLL ) renal pulmonary infiltrates . chronic granulocytic l . chronic , slowly progressing myeloblasts , splenomegaly , thrombocytopenia . cu tis cutaneous manifestation resulting infiltration skin leukocytes . eosinophils cells . myelogenous l . hairy abundance large , mononuclear numerous irregular cytoplasmic projections give them flagellated appearance marrow , histiocytic acute monocytic l . lymphatic hyperplasia overactivity tissue , levels lymphoblasts . lymphogenous lymphatic l . lymphosarcoma ( B - cell type ) acute lymphoblastic l . overwhelming acute megakaryocytic l . hemorrhagic thrombocythemia micromyeloblastic nucleoli - containing similar lymphocytes . myelogenous l . granular polymorphonuclear chronic granulocytic l . acute myelomonocytic l . plasmacytic cell . acute promyelocytic l . Rieder contains asynchronously developed cytoplasm lobulated , relatively nucleus . stem acute undifferentiated l . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( lo͞o - kē ′ mē - ə ) n . Any various neoplastic diseases unrestrained occurs , accompanied impaired clotting , leu · ke ′ mic adj . n . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . [ lo̅o̅kē ′ mē · ə ] Etymology : Gk , leukos + haima , group neoplasms hematopoietic tissues diffuse replacement proliferative precursors . Peripheral WBC counts become elevated variant forms appear acute , lymphoid , myeloid , erythroid . In some leukemias , when untreated , WBC becomes grossly elevated appear whitish , giving its name . Also spelled leukaemia . acute childhood leukemia , acute lymphocytic leukemia , acute myelocytic leukemia leukemic , adj . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Hematology An uncommon – incidence , US 3.5 / 105 / yr — malignant clonal expansion ↑ WBCs ; leukemias incidental finding when evaluating unrelated clinical problem , expansion compromises BM production lines causing granulocytopenia ; divided chronology – acute lineage – lymphoid , myeloid / myelocytic , stage maturation size Clinical BM infiltration granulocytopenia , immune paralysis , ↓ CD4 – helper cells , ↑ CD8 – suppressor leukostasis , cranial nerve palsies , meningitis , testicular cutaneous metabolic derangements – eg , Ca 2 + K + LD , ammonia , less commonly , autoimmune hemolytic pallor arthralgia Diagnosis Hx , physical exam , smear Management Chemotherapy , RT , BMT . Accelerated leukemia Acute leukemia Acute lymphocytic leukemia Acute myelocytic leukemia Acute promyelocytic leukemia Adult T - cell leukemia - lymphoma Aleukemic leukemia Biphenotypic Central nervous system leukemia Chemotherapy - induced leukemia Chronic leukemia Chronic lymphocytic leukemia Chronic myelocytic leukemia Chronic Congenital leukemia Erythroleukemia FAB classification Hairy cell leukemia Hand mirror Herald state Mast cell leukemia Megakaryoblastic Multilineage leukemia Plasma cell leukemia Preleukemia Prolymphocytic Promyelocytic leukemia Smoldering myeloid leukemia Acute v . More children , 80 % ALL , before 10 , peak at ages 3 – 7 whites , ♂ : ♀ ratio , 1.3 : 1 Cell Early pre - B 67 % ; pre - B 18 % ; 1 % ; 14 % ; 50 - 85 % cALLA positive – common antigen , CD10 ; 5 % Philadelphia chromosome Clinical ALL abrupt AML , petechial hemorrhage , abdominal headache vomiting intracranial pressure , hepatomegaly Lab 70 % low - grade lymphocytosis – < 20 x 109 diagnosed Evaluation immunophenotypic profile Specimen EDTA – lavender top tube sodium heparin – green top tube , smears Method analysis Flow cytometry , immunofluorecesence Markers measured CD1 , - 2 , - 3 , - 4 , - 5 , - 7 , - 8 , - 10 , - 19 . - 20 , - 21 , - 33 , - 34 , - 56 , markers , HLA D / DR , kappa , lambda , TdT Management Protocols vary according standard - high - risk features , BMT More adults / older children , myelocytic ; CML Philadelphia chromosome positive ; occur < 5 myelomonocytosis , lymphadenopathy ; < 50 x 109 , ≠ HbF , ≠ muraminidase ; CML comprises 20 % all Gradual fatigability , anorexia , splenomegaly ; lymphadenopathy Lab > 25 109 / L blood – often absolute lymphocytosis > 15 1010 / L , 10 % blasts BM , myeloid : erythroid ratio 10 - 30 : 1 , 90 % cases low - to - absent leukocyte alkaline phosphatase rarely also , vitamin B12 B12 - binding capacity Evaluation immunophenotype profile Specimen EDTA – lavender tube sodium heparin – green tube , smears Method analysis Flow cytometry , immunofluorescence Markers measured CD3 , - 5 , - 19 , - 20 , - 21 , kappa , lambda Management see Chemotherapy Induction Prognosis see Remission . Leukemia – prognostic features Good Age 2 - 10 , CD10 positivity , hyperdiploid karyotype Poor Age 2 ; > 10 , phenotype , especially L2 phenotype FAB classification , presence translocations , CNS mediastinal masses , high initial Good Younger , presence Auer rods , rapid therapeutic response Poor Older , prior malignancy therapy , multiple defects McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . leu · ke · mi · a lū - kē ' mē - ă Progressive found hemopoietic tissues , numbers . dominant death , months cases , severe hemorrhages , slight exceeds 1 year , gradual nodes . Synonym ( s ) : leucaemia leukaemia leuko - G . blood ] Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 leucemia ( loo - ke ' me - a ) leuko - + - emia Any class hematological malignancies immortal clones multiply expense As depleted body , infection , hemorrhage , death result . categorized as acute ; they originate ; genetic , chromosomal , growth factor aberration present leukemias , relatively slow course , ( CLL ) , ( CML ) , ( a subtype CLL ) . Median survival these illnesses about 4 yr . ( myelogenous ) If untreated , these diseases fatal weeks months . Each discussed subentries , below . Etiology All different molecular events leading unchecked cellular reproduction result genetic lesions Duplications genetic material ( hyperdiploidy ) , loss information ( hypodiploidy ) , inactivation genes normally suppress tumor development , translocations , release fusion proteins cause These lesions turn produced viruses , ionizing radiation , chemotherapeutic drugs , toxic chemicals . Rarely , caused familial syndromes ( e.g. , ataxia telangiectasia , Bloom ' s syndrome , Fanconi ' s syndrome ) . findings such lethargy , fever , joint present . Physical findings combinations pallor , petechiae , purpura ; mucous membrane bleeding ; enlarged kidneys ; tenderness over sternum bones . Diagnosis Microscopic examination specimens used establish diagnosis . These studies followed cytochemical cytogenetic studies confirm diagnosis stains analysis . Leukemic identified flow cytometry immunocytochemistry , rely antibodies binding helping identify internal organs ( e.g. , brain , kidneys , lungs ) evaluated imaging tests MRI studies , CT scans , ultrasound ) . Treatment Chemotherapy , transplantation , used treat leukemias . Regimens devised regularly tailored specific illnesses . given several phases , period induction chemotherapy induce remission completely eliminating consolidation maintenance phases . This multiphase treatment designed further deplete achieve complete cure . Patient care Patient measures focus eradicating illness ; managing complications ; minimizing effects chemotherapy ; preserving veins ( often indwelling port inserted administer chemotherapy ) ; providing comfort , education , psychological support . needs patients ( many whom children ) families must considered . Instruction provided drugs receive , adverse reactions measures taken prevent alleviate effects . Prescribed administered precautions indicated for infusion drug disposal . If causes loss anorexia , nutritional guidance provided . Oral , skin , rectal must meticulous , e.g. , nurse thoroughly clean before invasive procedures , inspect perirectal erosions , use strict aseptic technique starting intravenous line , change sets ( i.e. , intravenous tubing equipment ) chemotherapeutic protocols . Ports irrigated agency protocol . receiving intrathecal chemotherapy , lumbar puncture site checked frequently oozing . family taught recognize signs ( fevers , chills , sore throat , cough , urinary difficulties ) urged report oncologist / hematologist promptly . To prevent neutropenic patients , strict hand hygiene protocols , diets , ( in hospitalized patients ) laminar airflow reverse isolation instituted . monitored bleeding . occurs , compresses applied site elevated . Transfusions needed . Complications regimens hair nausea vomiting , neutropenia , low platelets ) explained patient , along management strategies employed . Prescribed analgesics administered needed , noninvasive relief techniques comfort position changes , stimulation , distraction , relaxation breathing , imagery ) used . Gentle oral hygiene protective explained . Fluid intake should eliminate metabolites , advised void frequently cystitis . Dietary fiber important , stool softeners ensure bowel movements . Antidiarrheals control diarrhea , should monitored signs dehydration . Fatigue anticipated adverse effect treatment ; therefore encouraged alternate activity rest periods obtain assistance daily activities necessary . Reproductive issues discussed patient . routines visiting times flexible hospitalization required . encouraged participate much possible . Referrals made social service agencies , home health agencies , support groups . does respond reached terminal phase disease , supportive nursing , palliative care , hospice sensitively caregivers . ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA : Peripheral smear acute lymphocytic leukemia Abbreviation : ALL A hematological unchecked multiplication blood , body tissues . In 2008 American Cancer Society estimated 5400 Americans would diagnosed ALL . rapidly fatal if left untreated . Synonym : l . See : illustration Etiology wide range acquired congenital abnormalities cause ALL , result release excess growth factors cancer - suppressing genes . Fatigue , lethargy , bleeding , joint predisposition fever characteristic leukemias . suggested abnormalities confirmed immunophenotyping . childhood , induction begins steroids , vinca alkaloids , asparaginase . followed , after recovery , consolidation multidrug regimens , high - dose methotrexate . Maintenance
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[
"leukemia"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Lingula+of+left+lung
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lingula of left lung Also found in : Dictionary Encyclopedia Wikipedia lingula ling gu - lah ] ( L . a small , tonguelike anatomical structure . adj . , adj ling ular . lingula of cerebellum the most ventral part of the anterior lobe cerebellum left lung a small projection from lower portion upper lobe left lung . sphenoid bony ridge between body and great wing sphenoid bone . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . lin · gu · la of left lung [ TA ] an inferomedial projection from anterior aspect upper lung , which bounds cardiac notch inferiorly . Synonym ( s ) : lingula pulmonis sinistri [ TA ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / lingula + of + left + lung " > lingula of left lung < / a > Mentioned in lingula of cerebellum lingula of sphenoid Medical browser ▲ lingual papilla lingual plate lingual quinsy lingual rest lingual root of tooth lingual salivary gland depression lingual septum lingual splint lingual surface of tooth lingual thyroid lingual tonsil lingual vein lingualis leukoplakia Linguatula Linguatula serrata linguatuliasis Linguatulidae linguatulosis linguiform linguine sign linguistic agnosia linguitis lingula cerebelli lingula of cerebellum lingula of left lung lingula of lung lingula of mandible lingula of sphenoid lingula of the lung lingular lingular vein lingulate lingulectomy linguo - linguocclusion linguoclination linguoclusion linguodental linguodistal linguofacial linguofacial ( arterial ) trunk linguogingival linguogingival fissure linguogingival groove linguogingival ridge linguogingival shoulder linguoincisal linguoincisal edge linguomesial linguoocclusal ▼ Full browser ▲ Linguistics Working Papers Abstracts Linguistics Working Papers Directory Linguistik Internationales Promotions Programm Linguistik - Server Essen Linguistique et Didactique des Langues Linguistique et Didactique des Langues Étrangères et Maternelles Linguistique Formelle et Langues Africaines Linguistique Théorique et Descriptive linguistry Linguists Linguists Linguistsics Linguistsics linguitis Lingula ( lung ) lingula cerebelli Lingula flags lingula mandibulae lingula of lung lingula of mandible lingula of the lung lingula pulmonis sinistri Lingula sphenoidalis Lingulacea lingular lingular artery lingular artery lingular artery , inferior lingular artery , inferior lingular artery , superior lingular artery , superior Lingular Mandibular Bony Defect lingular vein lingulate ▼
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[
"lingula",
"Dictionary"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Lung+surfactant
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lung surfactant Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia lung surfactant a detergent - like agent that reduces the surface tension of the liquid film covering inner lining of pulmonary alveoli . As an alveolus becomes smaller during expiration , surfactant becomes more concentrated , further reducing surface tension and preventing alveolar collapse . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . surfactant ( sur - fak ' tant ) surf ( ace ) - act ( ive ) a ( ge ) nt A surface - active agent that lowers ( e.g. , oils and various forms detergents ) . Artificial surfactants may be given endotracheally to relieve respiratory distress . Pulmonary surfactant . modified natural surfactant A replacement phospholipid from a natural source with some components removed . pulmonary surfactant lipoprotein secreted by type II alveolar cells decreases fluid lining alveoli , permitting expansion . Synthetic lung is available for treating patients with respiratory distress syndrome . In obstetrics , fetal production can be stimulated by administration glucocorticoid 24 to 48 hr before an inevitable preterm birth . Synonym : lung See : betamethasone lecithin - sphingomyelin ratio Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / lung + surfactant " > lung surfactant < / a > Mentioned in alveolar macrophage Amniotic Fluid Analysis and L / S Ratio calfactant hyaline membrane disease of the newborn Infasurf lipid lipid A lipid pneumonia lipids lung surfactant drugs phospholipids poractant alfa pulmonary surfactant respiratory distress syndrome respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn respiratory distress syndrome of the preterm infant TG Triglycerides Medical browser ▲ lung bud lung cancer Lung Cancer , Non - Small Cell Lung Cancer , Small Cell lung capacity lung collapse lung compliance lung disease Lung Diseases Due to Gas or Chemical Exposure lung fever lung field lung fluke lung fluke disease Lung function tests lung hemorrhage lung interstitium lung irritant gas lung meridian lung metastases lung motor lung pain Lung Perfusion and Ventilation Scan Lung Perfusion Scan lung scan lung squeeze lung surfactant drugs Lung Surgery lung torsion lung transplant lung transplantation lung unit Lung Ventilation Scan lung volume reduction surgery lung volumes lung water lung window lung zone lungeing lunger lungfish lungmotor lung - protective strategy lung - reduction surgery lungs lungworm lungworms lungwort lunula lunula of valves of heart lunule ▼ Full browser ▲ lung Qi deficiency lung r lung r lung radiography lung reflexes lung reflexes lung resonance lung resonance Lung sac lung scan lung scintiscan lung sequestrum lung sequestrum Lung seven - transmembrane receptor 1 Lung seven - transmembrane receptor 2 Lung Sounds lung sounds absent lung sounds absent Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma lung squeeze Lung Surfactant Surface Layer Lung Surgery Lung Thromboembolism lung torsion Lung transplant Lung Transplant Foundation Lung Transplant Support Organization Lung transplantation Lung transplantation Lung Tumor Fetal - Associated Antigen Lung Tumour with a Rhabdoid Phenotype lung unit Lung Vasculature Code Lung Ventilation Scan Lung Ventilation , Artificial Lung Ventilator Performance Analyser Lung volume Lung volume Lung volume measurements Lung volume measurements Lung Volume Reduction Lung Volume Reduction Surgery ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"lung surfactant"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Lupus+disease
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lupus erythematosus ( redirected from Lupus disease Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia lupus loo pus a name originally given to a destructive type of skin lesion , implying local degeneration rather than systemic involvement . Although the term is frequently used alone to designate lupus vulgaris and sometimes erythematosus , without modifier it has no meaning . The Latin word means wolf ; erythematosus refers redness . The name erythematosus has been used since the 13th century because physicians thought shape and color of skin lesions resembled bite wolf . Currently , there are at least two recognized manifestations disease : discoid lupus erythematosus systemic lupus erythematosus . chilblain form discoid lupus erythematosus aggravated by cold , initially resembling chilblains in which lesions consist reddened infiltrated patches on exposed areas body , especially finger knuckles . cutaneous one two main types lupus erythematosus it may involve only or may precede involvement other body systems . It be chronic ) ; subacute systemic lupus erythematosus ) ; or acute ( characterized by an acute edematous , erythematous eruption , often with systemic exacerbations ) . form be presenting symptom systemic lupus erythematosus such as after sun exposure . discoid ( DLE ) superficial inflammation skin , marked red macules up 3 4 cm in width , covered with scanty adherent scales , which extend into spreading follicles that fall off leave scars . typically butterfly pattern over bridge nose cheeks , but other areas involved , notably scalp that are exposed light . drug - induced syndrome closely resembling erythematosus , precipitated prolonged use certain drugs , most commonly hydralazine isoniazid various anticonvulsants procainamide erythemato sus ( LE ) group connective tissue disorders primarily affecting women aged 20 40 , comprising spectrum clinical forms cutaneous disease occur without involvement . per nio 1 . soft , purplish on cheeks , forehead , nose , ears , digits , frequently associated bone cysts , first manifestation sarcoidosis occur chronic stage disease . 2 . chilblain lupus erythematosus ( SLE ) inflammatory disease , usually febrile characterized injury skin , joints , kidneys , nervous system , mucous membranes . It can , however , affect any organ body usually periods remissions exacerbations . ( See plate Dermatology Atlas . ) was once thought this was fairly rare disease , but improved immunologic testing procedures have shown is not . primarily disease women , occurring five ten times more often females than males . Although peak incidence between 30 40 years age , condition also been diagnosed very young very old . SLE classic prototype autoimmune disease connective tissue . Its etiology unknown , high level autoantibodies persons condition indicates defect regulatory mechanisms sustain self - tolerance prevent from attacking its own cells , cell constituents , proteins . Patients SLE can have wide variety autoantibodies against nuclear cytoplasmic cellular components . presence high levels antinuclear antibody ( ANA ) patients glomerulonephritis indicates pathogenic role for antibody . antibodies directed against deoxyribonucleoprotein , DNA , histone , soluble non – nucleic acid molecule called Sm antigen . Factors appear contribute development include exposure sunlight ultraviolet radiation from sunlamps , genetic predisposition certain drugs , viral infections , hormonal influences . Clinical manifestations confusingly diverse owing involvement tissue throughout body . Typically , patient seeks medical help for relief fever , weight loss , joint pain , characteristic butterfly rash , pleural effusion pleuritic pain , nephritis . detection ANA microscopic immunofluorescence supportive evidence presence SLE . Either glomerulonephritis mild , cardiovascular such as myocarditis endocarditis pericarditis found about half patients SLE . Pulmonary especially pleurisy also relatively common , gastrointestinal disturbances lymph node Organic neurologic disturbances produce behavioral aberrations frank psychosis some patients ; few others , there peripheral neuropathies motor weakness , diplopia Supportive measures prevent minimize relapses exacerbations symptoms . patient instructed avoid exposure sunlight ultraviolet radiation sources , blood transfusions , penicillin , sulfonamides . Active treated topical steroids nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs fever joint corticosteroids immunosuppressants goal drug therapy suppression immune system . Treatment specific aimed at prevention complications . Physical therapy required alleviate muscle weakness orthopedic deformities . vulga ris most common severe tuberculosis affecting face , formation reddish brown patches nodules corium progressively spread peripherally central atrophy , causing ulceration scarring destruction cartilage involved sites . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . lu · pus er · y · the · ma · to · sus ( LE , L.E. ) , Avoid misspelling erythematosis An illness ( characterized alone ) , subacute recurring superficial nonscarring more disseminated present features both clinically histologically those seen discoid phase ) , disseminated ( in antinuclear antibodies present almost always vital structures ) . See also : Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 ( ĕr ′ ə - thē ′ mə - tō ′ səs , - thĕm ′ ə - ) n . 1 . See systemic lupus erythematosus 2 . Any several autoimmune disorders typically characterized reddish , scaly especially : a . A patchy head neck , accompanying scarring pigmentation changes ; erythematosus . b . A caused drug resolving discontinuance drug , signs symptoms similar those erythematosus ; drug - induced erythematosus . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . ( 1 ) Discoid erythematosus . ( 2 ) Systemic Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . lu · pus er · y · the · ma · to · sus ( LE ) lū ' pŭs ĕr - i ' thĕ - mă - tō ' sŭs An illness alone ( disseminated ) vital structures . also : Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 general inflammatory CONNECTIVE TISSUE caused disturbance immune mechanisms AUTOIMMUNE processes formation IMMUNE COMPLEXES induced drugs . takes forms — chronic ( DLE ) serious , sometimes life - threatening , form , ) . DLE features red , raised bumps face scalp ‘ butterfly ’ rash across bridge nose hair loss ALOPECIA ) . can involve joints tendons , causing ARTHRITIS deformities , heart , lungs , kidneys , liver nervous system damaged . Lupus treated steroid drugs immunosuppressive drugs . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 Lupus erythematosus inappropriate system reactions cause abnormalities blood vessels tissue . Mentioned in : Abortion , Therapeutic Alopecia Diuretics Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . Leloir , Henri Camille , French physician , 1855 - 1896 . Leloir Synonym ( s ) : Medical Eponyms © Farlex 2012 lu · pus er · y · the · ma · to · sus lū ' pŭs ĕr - i ' thĕ - mă - tō ' sŭs ( disseminated ) structures . Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 Patient discussion about lupus erythematosus Q . What Lupus ? My best friend diagnosed Lupus . What it ? Is contagious ? A . No , not contagious . can not passed one person another . Lupus an autoimmune cause still unknown . Q . how long do u live lupus ? why do we get lupus ? why i hit along all my medical problems ? i dont understand why . . A . well i ' ve had now 1 yr i ' m still going Is rash symptom My Sister several years now . I recently developed my face . this Could I infected disease ? not proven hereditary . Therefore , fact your sister should n ' t you beleive you too will develop it . Also enough diagnose lupus . Physicians gather information variety sources : past history , lab tests current symptoms . They use list 11 criteria help diagnose person needs satisfy least 4 out 11 criteria before diagnosis pinpointed . Some criteria , biopsy diagnosis kidney lupus , carry weight . More discussions about lupus erythematosus This content is provided by iMedix and is subject to iMedix Terms . The Questions and Answers are not endorsed or recommended and are made available by patients , not doctors . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Lupus + disease " > lupus erythematosus < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in Ab ANA - negative systemic lupus erythematosus ANCA Antibody antinuclear antibody antinuclear factor antiplatelet antibodies Aralen arthritis atypical verrucous endocarditis aurothioglucose autoantibody Autoimmune disease Autoimmune disorder butterfly rash catalytic antibody Cazenave ' s disease cell References in periodicals archive Selena ' s Lupus disease also seemed to have played a role in getting these two back , together . Justin Bieber and Selena Gomez Back : Is it Booty Call or True Love ? Is Selena Headed for Heartbreak Again ? A decrease from 23 % to 11 % in the frequency of patients experiencing a new BILAG A flare ( which would indicate a severe flare of lupus disease activity ) or more than one new BILAG B flare ( which would indicate a moderate flare of disease activity ) . Human Genome Sciences and GlaxoSmithKline Announce Full Presentation at EULAR of BLISS - 76 Phase 3 Study Results for BENLYSTA [ R ] in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus The romantic Segway date and reunion happened amidst Selena Gomez ' s battle with that also led to the cancellation of her Australia tour . Justin Bieber and Selena Gomez Are Back Together in New Year 2014 : Reunion Reported Amidst ' Slow Down ' Singer ' s Battle With Lupus [ Photos ] 30 points or more from baseline ) ; ( 3 ) no new BILAG A organ domain score ( which indicates a severe flare of lupus disease activity ) and no more than one new BILAG B organ domain score ( which indicates a moderate flare of disease activity ) . Human Genome Sciences and GlaxoSmithKline Announce Topline 76 - Week Results of Phase 3 Trial of BENLYSTA [ TM ] in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus With rumors about her and rehab plans taking toll , we take a look at the men whom Gomez can date in 2014 and who can make her feel secure . Selena Gomez and Justin Bieber : After Selena ' s news became rampant ; we hope Justin Bieber may get back with his girl . Selena Gomez Would Be Boyfriends in 2014 30 points or more from baseline ) ; and ( 3 ) no new BILAG A organ domain score ( which indicates a severe flare of activity ) and no more than one new BILAG B organ domain score ( which indicates a moderate flare of disease activity ) . ImmuPharma PLC : Encouraging Final Phase IIb Results Seen with LUPUZOR [ TM ] in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus A few months ago we announced the successful completion of a phase I / IIa trial conducted by Verto , which is developing a novel treatment of HBL Portfolio Company Tolarex to Commence Phase I / IIa Trial of a Treatment for GVHD Luster and his colleagues to further advance the application of our TLR antagonist candidates for , " said Sudhir Agrawal , D . Massachusetts General Hospital and Idera Pharmaceuticals Receive Cooperative Research Grant from Massachusetts Life Sciences Center for Developing New Therapies for Lupus The British Isles Lupus Assessment Group ( BILAG ) index is a validated clinical measure of activity . Genentech and Biogen Idec Announce Top - Line Results from Phase II / III Clinical Study of Rituxan in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus The study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of edratide , with the primary endpoint being the reduction of activity over a 26 - week treatment period , as measured by the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index ( SLEDAI ) score . Teva Provides Update on Edratide for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus AMEX : IDP ) , today announced the presentation of preclinical data using antagonists of Toll - like receptor ( TLR ) 7 and 9 in mouse models of Idera Pharmaceuticals Presents Preclinical Data in Lupus Disease Models on Use of Novel Class of Antagonists for Toll - Like Receptors More results ► Medical browser ▲ lunula of valves of heart lunule lunule of nail Lunyo virus luo luo points lupanine lupia lupiform lupin lupine lupinosis Lupinus lupoid lupoid hepatitis lupoid sycosis lupous Lupron lupulin lupus anticoagulant Lupus Anticoagulant Antibodies lupus band test lupus carditis lupus crustosus lupus enteritis lupus erythematosus ( LE ) lupus erythematosus cell lupus erythematosus panniculitis lupus erythematosus profundus lupus erythematosus , neonatal lupus hypertrophicus lupus livedo lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei lupus nephritis lupus pernio lupus profile lupus profundus lupus psychosis lupus serpiginosus lupus tumidus lupus vulgaris lupuslike syndrome lupus - like syndrome LUQ Luque wires lura lural lurasidone ▼ Full browser ▲ Lupus ( disambiguation ) Lupus ( disambiguation ) Lupus anticoagulant Lupus anticoagulant Lupus Anticoagulant Antibodies Lupus Anticoagulant Positive Lupus Anticoagulant Test lupus anticoagulant - antiphospholipid antibody syndrome lupus antiphospholipid antibodies lupus band lupus band lupus band test lupus carditis Lupus Center of Excellence Lupus coagulation inhibitor lupus crustosus lupus enteritis Lupus Eritematoso Sistemico Lupus erythematodes Lupus erythematodes lupus erythematosus ( LE ) lupus erythematosus ( LE ) e . cell lupus erythematosus ( LE ) e . cell test lupus erythematosus ( LE ) e . phenomenon , LE test lupus erythematosus cell lupus erythematosus cell test Lupus Erythematosus Disseminatus lupus erythematosus factor lupus erythematosus panniculitis lupus erythematosus profundus Lupus Erythematosus Society of Saskatchewan lupus erythematosus tumidus lupus erythematosus tumidus Lupus erythematosus , cutaneous Lupus erythematosus , cutaneous ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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"lupus erythematosus"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/MPV
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MPV Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Acronyms Encyclopedia Wikipedia mean platelet volume ( MPV ) test a blood test that measures the volume of a large number of platelets as determined by an automated analyzer . The MPV is very useful in the differential diagnosis thrombocytopenic disorders . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . mean platelet volume . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : Mentioned in Complete Blood Count , Platelet Count mean platelet volume test platelet platelet adhesion platelet aggregation platelet aggregation test platelet count platelet transfusion platelet - derived growth factor thrombocytes Medical browser ▲ MPP6 MPP7 MPR MPRG M - protein MPS MPS I MPS IH MPS IH / S MPS II MPS III MPS IS MPS IV MPS IV & MPS VII MPS V MPS VI MPS VII MPS4A MPSI MPSV MPSV4 MPSY MpsychMed MPT MPTP MPZ MQF MQMA MQSA Mr MR angiography Mr Green MR IMAGES MR imaging Mr Red MR safe MR unsafe Mr . Yuk MRA MRACGP MRACO MRACP MRACR mrad MRANZCP MRC MRC scale MRC study MRC / BHF HPS MRC1 ▼ Full browser ▲ Mpuc MPUD MPUE MPUF MPUFB MPUG MPUH Mpui Mpui MPUK MPUL MPUM Mpumalanga Mpumalanga Mpumalanga Linux User Group Mpumalanga Parks Board Mpumalanga Province Mpumalanga Province Mpumalanga Tourism and Parks Agency Mpumalanga Tourism Authority MPUMC MPUP MPUQ MPUR MPUS MPUSD MPUT MPUUC MPUV MPUVN MPV ( disambiguation ) MPV ( disambiguation ) MPVA MPVC MPVD MPVD MPVF MPVG MPVHA MPVL MPVM MPVO MPVR MPVS MPVS MPVSCS MPVT MPW MPWBA MPWC MPWD MPWENO MPWF MPWFA MPWG MPWH MPWIB ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"Medical Dictionary",
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/MRU
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MRU Also found in : Financial Acronyms Wikipedia MRU Abbreviation for ; magnetic resonance urography minimum recognition unit ( see there ) mountain rescue unit Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . References in periodicals archive The Mission took opportunity in the statement to express its sincere thanks and appreciation to Dr . MRU preliminary statement on Sa Leone elections is able to make the distinction of physiological renal dilation from obstruction due to calculi causes . MR UROGRAPHY WITH DYNAMIC 3D MIP AIDED DETECTION - - DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE VALUE IN SUSPECTED PELVICALIECTASIS CONFIRMATION Currently , 34 units of SPBG ( natural gas filling station ) with a capacity of 30,000 LSP each , including the MRUs , have been built in Jakarta , Bogor , Depok , Tangerang and Bekasi ( Jabodetabek ) , Palembang in South Sumatra , Semarang in Central Java and Balikpapan in East Kalimantan , with funding from the national budget . Mobile units to promote BBG VGTU ir studentu sveikata apibreziantys rodikliai ir ju skirtumai pateikti 1 ir 2 lentelese . The analysis of physical power and development indexes of the students from Vilnius Gediminas Technical University and Mykolas Romeris University for the period 2011 - 2013 / Vilniaus Gedimino technikos ir Mykolo Romerio universitetu studentu fiziniu galiu ir issivystymo rodikliu 2011 - 2013 m . analize As a first step , key youth leaders from Liberia , Sierra Leone , Guinea and Cote d ' Ivoire were brought together in a strategy meeting in Accra , Ghana , in May 2004 , under the auspices of the and Ecowas , and fully funded by UNDP Africa . Mano River youth : from warriors to peace builders ; For the first time since the conflicts in Liberia , Sierra Leone , Guinea and Cote d ' Ivoire began , the youth of the region are being mobilised to play an effective role in peace building and development . Baffour Ankomah reports from Conakry , Guinea , on the programme sponsored by the Mano River Union ( MRU ) , Ecowas and the United Nations Development Programme ( UNDP ) For more information on the initiative , contact him at ( 717 ) 975 - 4905 . Cyberspace recruiting : useful strategies to improve success In 1944 Dautry transferred this agency to the and placed Prothin over the Service of Construction Studies , the organization responsible for experimental projects and architectural competitions . The rise of the grands ensembles : government , business , and housing in postwar France The bloc assures all young people and Liberians in general that it remains committed to the true nature and values of the Youth Parliament and will exert all effort to adhere to its guiding principles . MRUYP endorses candidates ahead of election Straipsnio tikslas - - istirti bei palyginti VGTU ir VSF studenciu fizines sveikatos , fizinio pajegumo , kuno kompozicijos rodiklius . Vilnius Gediminas Technical Universty and mykolas riomeris university faculty of public security female student physical activity evaluation 2010 - 2012 / Vilniaus Gedimino Technikos ir mykolo romerio universitetu studenciu fizinio aktyvumo vertinimas 2010 - 2012 m SAG957 ) GATEWAY INITIAL REPORT - HOLDINGS , INC . CEO INTERVIEW : GATEWAY INITIAL REPORT - MRU HOLDINGS , INC NEW YORK - - Murray , Frank & Sailer LLP reminds current and former shareholders of Holdings , Inc . Murray , Frank & Sailer LLP Reminds Investors of June 19 , 2009 Lead Plaintiff Deadline in Securities Class Action Lawsuit Against Certain Officers and Directors of MRU Holdings , Inc nustatyti psichologini klimata , vyraujanti VGTU ir VSF imtyniu rinktinese ; Research analysis of conflicting behaviour peculiarities among student athletes / Sportuojanciuju studentu konfliktu ypatumu tyrimo rezultatu analize More results ► Medical browser ▲ mrem MRF MRFIT MRGPRE MRGPRF MRGPRG MRH MRHA MRI MRI coronary angiography MRI scan MRL MRN mRNA mRNA binding site m - RNA , messenger RNA MRO Mrs MRSA MRSA screening MRSE MRSH MRT MRTA MRTES mrudu MRV MRXST MRXSZ MS MS I , II , III , IV MSA MSAC MSAFP MSB trichrome stain MSBOS Msc MSCD MSD MSDS MSE msec Mseleni disease MSF MSG MSH MSHT MSK MSLC MSLT ▼ Full browser ▲ MRTFB MRTFC Mrtg MRTH MRTI MRTIE MRTIP MRTK MRTL MRTlcS MRTM MRTN MRTO MRTOS MRTP MRTPA MRTPC MRTPI MRTR MRTR MRTS MRTSA MRTT MRTTP MRTTT MRTU MRTU & PULP MRTUA MRTUG MRTV MRUA MRUAV MRUC MRUD mrudu MRUG MRUI MRUL MRULE MRUM MRUN MRUP MRUTC MRUUV MRUV MRUYP MRV MRVA MRVC MRVD MRVH MRVI MRVLP MRVM MRVN MRVP MRVQ MRVR ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"MRU"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Magnetic+resonance+spectroscopy
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magnetic resonance spectroscopy Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Acronyms Encyclopedia mag · net · ic res · o · nance spec · tros · co · py detection and measurement of the resonant spectra of molecular species in a tissue or sample . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 magnetic resonance spectroscopy A magnetic resonance technique in which a sample is placed strong homogeneous magnetic field and stimulated with radio frequency electromagnetic energy . If the field is uniform throughout sample , similar nuclei will contribute particular frequency component to detected response signal , irrespective their position sample . Because nuclei different elements resonate at different frequencies , chemical can be analysed by parsing MR response signal into its components . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . An advanced method chemical analysis using technique similar to that employed nuclear resonance imaging . The method based on fact that electrons molecule shield nucleus some extent from strong applied external field , causing atoms absorb at slightly frequencies . It applicable molecules living body or other organisms . The has , for instance , been used prove structure protein capsid surrounding genome HIV consists seven alpha helices , two beta - hairpins single exposed loop . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / magnetic + resonance + spectroscopy " > magnetic resonance spectroscopy < / a > Mentioned in 32P imaging magnetic resonance imaging NMR spectroscopy nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy shuttle science spectroscopy Medical browser ▲ magnetic microcapsule magnetic microspheres magnetic moment magnetic nanoparticles magnetic pass magnetic permeability magnetic reciprocity magnetic resonance magnetic resonance angiography magnetic resonance arthrography magnetic resonance cholangiography magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography magnetic resonance imaging magnetic resonance imaging scan Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Abdomen Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Chest Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Musculoskeletal Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Pancreas Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Pelvis Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging - guided ultrasound therapy magnetic resonance neurography magnetic resonance signal magnetic resonance urography Magnetic Resonance Venography magnetic ring anastomosis magnetic stereotaxis magnetic stimulation Magnetic Stripe magnetic susceptibility magnetic unruffle magnetisation magnetisation dipole magnetisation transfer ratio magnetisation vector magnetiser magnetism magnetite magnetization magnetization transfer magnetobiology magnetocardiogram magnetocardiograph magnetocardiography magnetoelectricity magnetoencephalogram magnetoencephalograph magnetoencephalography ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"magnetic resonance spectroscopy",
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Maillard+browning
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Maillard reaction ( redirected from Maillard browning Also found in : Encyclopedia Maillard reaction A non - enzymatic heat - activated chemical reaction between sugars ( especially ribose ) and amino acids , which occurs in foods as they form glycosylamines and Amadori compounds . The Maillard reaction is responsible for “ browning ” of baked or cooked foods ( e.g. , bread crusts barbecued steak ) , which are mutagenic by the Ames assay . It is possible that the age - related changes in collagen are partially mediated through Maillard reaction ; it has been suggested that a similar , if not identical , involved certain neurodegenerative diseases — e.g. , Alzheimer ’ s , Creutzfeldt - Jakob Parkinson ’ s diseases . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . A chemical between sugars proteins results cellular damage or aging ; making of advanced glycosylation end products ; deterioration proteins during food processing storage . Also known nutritional science as “ browning reaction . ” Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Maillard + browning " > Maillard reaction < / a > Mentioned in Browning Reaction Medical browser ▲ Maharishi Effect Maharishi Mahesh Yogi mahasamahdi mahavidya Mahesh mahikari Mahler , Richter A . mahogany flush Mahoney Mahonia aquifolium Mahorner , Howard Raymond ma - huang MAI MAIC maiden maidenhead Maier Maier sinus Maier , Rudolf Robert maiesiophilia maiesiophobia maieusiomania maieutics Mail Call Mail Order Medicine Maillard browning Maillard ’ s coefficient mail - order medicine mail - order pharmacy maim Maimonides Moses Maimonides ’ Oath Maimonides ’ Prayer main main accoucheur main coronary arteries main d ' accoucheur Main Drain virus main effect main en griffe Main en Trident main portal fissure Main , Thomas Forrest MAINCOMP Maine coon cat Maine - Anjou main - en - lorgnette deformity mainframe computer mainline mainliner ▼ Full browser ▲ mailing list mailing list Mailing list archive Mailing list archive Mailing List Code Mailing List Committee Mailing List Dokter Indonesia Mailing List Label System Mailing List Manager Mailing lists Mailing lists Mailing on Line mailing something from mailing something to Mailing Tab Mailing Tabs mailing to mailing - card mailing - card Mailing - list Mailing - list Mailinglist Mailinglist mailings mailings maill Maillard Reaction Volatile Compounds Maillard Redwoods State Reserve Maillard ’ s coefficient Maillart , Robert Maille Artisans International League Maillol Maillol Maillol , Aristide Maillol , Aristide Joseph Bonaventure Maillon jaune maillot Maillot Jaune Maillotins maillots maills and duties mailman mailman Mailman Center for Child Development Mailman School of Public Health Mailman School of Public Health Mailmen Mailorder Mailorder Mailorder Gardening Association Mailpiece Design Analyst ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"Maillard reaction",
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Malecot+catheter
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Malecot catheter Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia Related to Malecot catheter : Suprapubic catheter Pezzer catheter coude catheter catheter kath ĕ - ter a tubular , flexible instrument , passed through body channels for withdrawal of fluids from ( or introduction of fluids into ) a body cavity . Straight catheters . May have one or two eyes , round tip , or “ whistle ” tip . These catheters are not self - retaining . acorn - tipped catheter one used in ureteropyelography to occlude the ureteral orifice and prevent backflow from the ureter during and following injection an opaque medium . Amplatz coronary J - shaped angiographic catheter used as an alternative to Judkins coronary catheter in coronary arteriography angiographic through which contrast medium is injected for visualization vascular system organ . Such catheters may have preformed ends facilitate selective locating ( as renal coronary vessel ) remote entry site . They may be named according site entry destination , such as femoral - renal brachial - coronary . arterial inserted into artery , part catheter - transducer - monitor system continuously observe blood pressure critically ill patients . An arterial also be inserted x - ray studies delivery chemotherapeutic agents directly into supply malignant tumors . atherectomy containing rotating cutter collecting chamber debris , atherectomy endarterectomy it is percutaneously under radiographic guidance . balloon balloon - tip with balloon at tip that inflated deflated while place create , enlarge , occlude passageway ; see also balloon angioplasty The pressure - sensitive facilitate hemodynamic monitoring Braasch bulb bulb - tipped ureteral catheter dilation determination inner diameter ureter . Brockenbrough transseptal specialized cardiac catheter with curved steel inner needle that can puncture interatrial septum ; catheterize left ventricle when aortic valve can not crossed retrograde approach . Broviac central venous catheter similar Hickman catheter but smaller lumen . cardiac long , fine especially designed passage chambers heart , usually peripheral blood vessel under fluoroscopic control . See cardiac catheterization Castillo cardiac catheter similar Amplatz coronary catheter shape use , but shorter introduced via brachial artery . central venous long , fine via large vein superior vena cava right atrium administer parenteral ( as parenteral nutrition ) , antibiotics , other therapeutic agents ; it can measurement central venous pressure temporary hemodialysis See central venous catheterization condom external urinary collection device fits over penis like condom management urinary incontinence conical ureteral catheter has cone - shaped tip designed dilate lumen . Cournand single end hole ; pressure measurement , usually right heart . DeLee suction meconium amniotic debris nasopharynx oropharynx neonates . de Pezzer self - retaining urethral catheter bulbous end . directional type atherectomy catheter whose direction shifted shave off additional plaque . double - channel double - lumen ) ( dual - lumen two channels , injection other removal fluids ; called two - way catheter elbowed bent at angle near beak , cases enlarged prostate . Called prostatic catheter electrode containing more electrodes ; pace heart deliver high - energy shocks . end - hole hole tip , which guidewire passed pressure monitored . eustachian inflating eustachian tube female short urethral catheter passage female urethra . femoral central venous catheter femoral vein . fluid - filled intravascular connected by saline - filled tube external transducer ; measure intravascular pressure . Fogarty type balloon - tip catheter remove thrombi emboli blood vessels . Foley indwelling catheter retained bladder by inflated air liquid ; see illustration . Three - way Foley catheter . Three separate lumens are incorporated within round shaft drainage urine , inflation , introduction irrigating solutions bladder . Gensini coronary arteriography having end - hole accommodate guidewire monitor well side holes rapid large volumes contrast material . Groshong single double lumen atrium port . Unlike Hickman Broviac catheters this has valve distal end , eliminating need clamping preventing entering when not use . Gruentzig flexible balloon catheter short fixed dilation stenoses ; made low - compliance plastic reduce risk rupture . hemodialysis on temporary basis vascular access some Hickman long term administration substances venous system , such antibiotics , total parenteral nutrition chemotherapeutic agents ; continuous intermittent administration either double indwelling held place drain urine bladder . internal jugular internal jugular vein . Judkins preformed J - shaped angiographic catheter cannulate deliver material arteries percutaneous route . left artery . Malecot 1 . two - four - winged female catheter 2 . tube expanded gastrostomy feedings . manometer - tipped small pressure transducer on its tip ; measuring intracardiac pressure . multipurpose 1 . several functions applications . 2 . angiography shaped so either nasal made rubber plastic several holes near end ; oxygen . Called oropharyngeal catheter NIH coronary arteriography closed end side rapid volumes material . olive - tip olive - shaped end , dilate constricted ureteral orifice ; larger sizes dilating calibrating diameter urethral strictures . oropharyngeal nasal catheter pacing more electrodes pacing wires ; cardiac lead . Pezzer ' s de Pezzer catheter pigtail ending tightly curled resembles tail pig . preshaped require less operator manipulation restricted function . prostatic elbowed catheter coronary arteriography Robinson straight six openings allow drainage , especially useful presence clots openings . self - retaining constructed retained bladder urethra ; Foley catheter indwelling catheter . snare remove intracardiac fragments leads introduced iatrogenically . Sones woven Dacron polyurethane cannulate material arteries brachial subclavian subclavian Swan - Ganz swan - ganz catheter Tenckhoff cuffed silicone permanently abdominal cavity infusion dialyzing solution patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis Texas trademark commercially condom catheter thermodilution thermodilution cold liquid indicator cardiovascular system . toposcopic miniature pass narrow , tortuous vessels convey chemotherapy directly brain tumors . tracheal small removal secretions during tracheal suctioning transhepatic biliary biliary c . transluminal endarterectomy atherectomy catheter conical cutting window , lumen vessel ; debris collected special vacuum bottle . transtracheal trachea tracheostomy patients who can not tolerate oral nasal cannula two - way double - lumen catheter gauge insertion ureter , urethra posteriorly kidney . urethral any various types insertion urethra urinary catheterization whistle - tip terminal opening well lateral one . winged winglike projections retain Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . Ma · le · cot cath · e · ter mal ' ĕ - kō ) , two - four - winged catheter . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 Malecot , Achille - Etienne , French surgeon , 1852 – . Malecot drain Medical Eponyms © Farlex 2012 Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Malecot + catheter " > Malecot catheter < / a > Mentioned in acorn - tipped catheter arterial catheter balloon catheter balloon - tip catheter Broviac catheter Catheter condom catheter de Pezzer catheter directional atherectomy catheter double - channel catheter eustachian catheter female catheter femoral catheter Fogarty catheter Foley catheter Groshong catheter Medical browser ▲ male genital system male genital tract cancer male genitalia male hermaphroditism male homosexuality male internal genitalia male intersex male menopause male mother male osteoporosis risk estimation score male pattern alopecia male pattern baldness male pattern hair loss male pseudohermaphroditism male rape male reproductive system assessment male sex organ male sexual dysfunction male sterility male symbol male Turner ' s syndrome male urethra maleate maleberry Malecot catheter Malecot , Achille - Etienne maleficence maleic acid maleic hydrazide malemission malemute male - pattern baldness maleruption male - specific phage maleylacetoacetate maleylacetoacetate cis - trans - isomerase malfeasance malformation malformed malfunction Malfunction 54 Malgaigne Malgaigne hernia Malgaigne pad Malgaigne , Joseph Francois Malgaigne ’ s apparatus Malgaigne ' s fracture of pelvis Malgaigne ' s luxation Malherbe Malherbe , Albert ▼ Full browser ▲ maleates maleates maleberry Malebo Pool Malebo Pool Malebolgia Malebranche Malebranche Malebranche , Nicolas Malebranche , Nicolas de Malebranche , Nicolas de Malebranchism Malecasta Malecite Malecite Malecites Malecites Malecón Malecón Maleconformation Malecontent Malecot drain Malecot tube Malecot , Achille - Etienne Maledicency Maledicent maledict Maledicta est expositio quae corrumpit textum maledicted maledicting malediction malediction maledictions maledictions maledictive maledictive maledictly maledictory maledictory maledicts maledictum Maledives Maledives Maleevosaurus malefaction malefaction malefactions malefactions malefactor malefactor ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Medical+Laboratory+Technician
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medical laboratory technician Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Financial Acronyms Encyclopedia medical med ĭ - kal pertaining to medicine or to the treatment of diseases ; pertaining medicine as opposed surgery . medical assistant a person who , under the direction of a qualified physician , performs variety routine administrative and clinical tasks in physician ' s office , hospital , or some other clinical facility . laboratory technician ( MLT ) see clinical laboratory technician / medical laboratory technician record administrator one responsible for indexing , recording , and storage records reports patients admitted hospitals other health care agencies , who also prepares reports births , deaths , transfers , discharges patients , treatments received . There are two levels qualification for record practitioner : Registered Record Administrator ( RRA ) Accredited Record Technician ( ART ) . Only those persons who have passed registration examination american health information management association are entitled use professional designation Registered Administrator job titles administrator health administrator . Only individuals have passed accreditation examination Association entitled use designation Accredited Technician . Suitable job titles RRA might include : Medical Administrator ; Director , Medical Administration Program ; Director , Services ; Instructor ; Coordinator ; Research Associate . Suitable ART might include : Technician ; Director ; Assistant Director ; Supervisor ; Instructor . technologist ( MT ) clinical laboratory scientist / medical technologist Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . medical laboratory technician ( MLT ) person who , under supervision technologist physician , performs microscopic bacteriological tests human blood , tissue , fluids diagnostic research purposes . laboratory technicians educated in 2 - year associate degree program . Also called clinical laboratory technician Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . medical laboratory technician A trained perform most lab tests US , but lacks education is not authorised report perform most technically demanding lab tests . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . med · i · cal la · bo · ra · to · ry tech · ni · cian ( MLT ) medi - kăl labŏr - ă - tōr - ē tek - nishăn A trained care professional testing on bodily substances setting . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / medical + laboratory + technician " > medical laboratory technician < / a > Mentioned in clinical laboratory scientist clinical laboratory technician CLT medical assistant medical record administrator medical technologist MLT MRA MT Medical browser ▲ medical herbalist medical history medical home medical homeopath medical illustrator medical impostor medical incident Medical Incident Officer medical indemnity Medical Indemnity Amendment Act 2003 medical indigency medical induction of labor medical informatics medical information bus medical information highway medical inspector medical intensive care unit medical intuitive medical ionization medical iridology medical jurispractice medical jurisprudence medical knowledge Medical Knowledge Self - Assessment Program medical laboratory medical language specialist medical law Medical Leadership Competency Framework medical licence Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System medical liver biopsy medical loss ratio medical maggots medical mall medical malpractice medical malpractice payer medical management and treatment medical marijuana medical massage medical meme Medical Mercy Mission Inc medical microbiologist medical microbiology Medical Miranda medical misnomer medical model medical model of health Medical Model of Suicide medical monitor medical monitoring ▼ Full browser ▲ Medical journal Medical Journal Armed Forces India Medical Journal Finder Medical Journal of Australia Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran Medical journals Medical Journals Index medical jurispractice medical jurisprudence Medical Justice Services medical knowledge Medical Knowledge Institute Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program Medical Knowledge Self - Assessment Program Medical lab Medical Lab Tech Medical Lab Technologist Medical Labor Commission of Experts Medical laboratory Medical Laboratory Assistant Medical Laboratory Evaluation Medical Laboratory Observer Medical Laboratory Science Medical Laboratory Science Council of Nigeria Medical Laboratory Scientific Officer Medical Laboratory Tech medical laboratory technician - associate degree medical laboratory technician - certificate Medical laboratory technologist Medical laboratory technologist Medical Laboratory Workers Union Medical Lake Medical Lake High School Medical Lake School District medical language specialist Medical Laser Safety Officer Medical Laser Technologies Inc . medical law Medical Law Consultant Medical Leadership Competency Framework Medical Learning and Teaching Unit Medical Leave Assistance Fund Medical Leave Of Absence Medical leech Medical leech Medical leeches Medical leeches Medical Legal Art medical legal protection Medical Legal Report Medical Lessons Learned Medical Liability Monitor Medical Liability Mutual Insurance Company Medical Liability Reform Medical Liaison Working Group ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Melting+points
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melting point ( redirected from Melting points Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia point point 1 . a small area or spot ; the sharp end of an object . 2 . to approach the surface , like pus of an abscess , at a definite spot or place . 3 . tapered , pointed endodontic instrument used for exploring depth root canal in root canal therapy called also root canal point A radiographic , cephalometric landmark , determined on lateral head film ; it is most retruded part curved bony outline from anterior nasal spine to crest maxillary alveolar process . absorbent in root canal therapy cone variable width and taper , usually made paper paper product , used dry maintain liquid disinfectant canal . Called also paper point . B radiographic , cephalometric landmark , determined on lateral head film ; it is most posterior midline concavity between infradentale and pogonion . boiling temperature at which liquid will boil ; sea level boiling water 100 ° C ( 212 ° F ) . cardinal p ' s 1 . points different refracting media eye that determine direction entering emerging light rays . 2 . four points within pelvic inlet — two sacroiliac articulations two iliopectineal eminences . craniometric p ' s established reference for measurement skull . dew temperature which moisture atmosphere deposited as dew . far remote object clearly seen when eye rest . fixation object one ' s sight fixed through axis opticus passes . retina , usually fovea , are focused rays coming from directly regarded . freezing begins freeze , water , 0 ° C ( 32 ° F ) ; often interchangeably with melting but should be substances being cooled while melting reserved substances being heated . gutta - percha gutta - percha cone . ice true melting ice , equilibrium between ice air - saturated water under one atmosphere pressure . isoelectric ( pI ) pH solution molecules specific substance , such as protein , have equal numbers positively negatively charged groups therefore do not migrate electric field . J electrocardiogram , junction end QRS segment beginning ST segment . jugal angle formed by masseteric maxillary edges zygomatic bone ; called jugale lacrimal small aperture slight elevation medial eyelid margin , through tears lacrimal lake enter canaliculi . See lacrimal apparatus maximal impulse chest where impulse left ventricle sometimes felt seen strongly , normally fifth costal interspace inside mammillary line . McBurney special tenderness appendicitis about 4 5 cm right anterior iliac spine line navel ; corresponds normal position appendix . McBurney ' s located midway iliac crest umbilicus right lower quadrant . From Ignatavicius Workman , 2002 . ( mp ) minimum solid begins liquefy ; see freezing near nearest clear vision , absolute near that either alone with accommodation relaxed , relative eyes together employment accommodation . nodal axis optical system situated so ray falling one will produce parallel ray emerging other . absorbent point . pressure extreme sensitivity pressure . various locations body digital pressure may be applied control hemorrhage . Locations points . Shaded areas show regions hemorrhage may controlled by indicated . root canal ( def . 3 ) . silver root canal therapy tapered elongated silver plug cemented into filling . Called silver cone trigger spot body other stimulus gives rise specific sensations symptoms . triple solid , liquid , gas phases substance are equilibrium . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . melt · ing point ( m.p. , T m ) , solid becomes liquid ; 50 % macromolecule becomes denatured . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 melting point ( mp ) Etymology : AS , meltan + L , punctus , pricked characteristic forms substance equilibrium . The mp 32 ° F , 0 ° C , Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . melt · ing point melt ' ing poynt The liquid . 50 % macromolecule denatured . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 melting point liquefies . Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 area spot ; sharp object . approach surface , like pus abscess , definite place . 3 . single tine antler . 4 . extremities sheep fleece has been removed sheep laid out classing table . auricular center opening external acoustic meatus . boil : sea level , 212 ° F ( 100 ° C ) . buttock prominence caused ischial tuberosity . croup highest croup ; caused sacral tuberosity . dew moisture deposited dew . elbow summit olecranon process . firing see firing freezing freeze ; water , 32 ° F ( 0 ° C ) . hip hip ; coxal hock summit calcaneus . equilibrium air - saturated under isobestic wavelength have same absorptivity . isoelectric ( pI ) pH solution molecules substance , such protein , equal numbers positively negatively charged groups therefore do not migrate electric field . puncta . lay age sexual maturity female fowls . maximal ( PMI ) chest where left ventricle felt strongly . It wall , around 5th costochondral junction . minimum liquefy . nodal optical system situated so falling produce parallel other . outbreak epidemic very fine , tapered swabs endodontics dry up canal . prescriptions details exact needle procedures locations insertions treatment diseases . prevalence rate proportion animals population time affected subject disease point . instantaneous prevalence . selection can based table prescriptions diseases , basis acupoints tender , basis innervation lesion , series 11 , possibly more , strategies . shoulder over greater tubercle humerus . source epidemic sternum cranial sternum , manubrium . trigger other stimulus gives rise sensations clinical signs . triple solid , liquid , gas phases Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Melting + points " > melting point < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in absorbent point alloy ambergris anode auricular point barium Beckmann apparatus Beckmann , Ernst O . boiling point calcination calcium calcium oxide CaO crystalline dew point earth endpoint eutectic mixture Fahrenheit scale References in periodicals archive When new Ingeo 6100D is compared to the existing Ingeo grade 6202D , one of the most often applied grades for fibers and spunbond nonwovens , NatureWorks scientists found : Peak increased by 8CEs from 164Es to 172Es ; melting shoulder increased by 15CEs ; fiber crystallinity increased by ~ 20 % ; quiescent crystallization rate increased three to four times ; and lower stress required for stress induced crystallization . New Ingeo grades for fibers and nonwovens Which metal has the highest on your chart ? I ' m melting ! Allen , " Nanocalorimetry Studies of Materials : Melting Point Depression and Magic Nanostructures , " NNUN Abstracts 2002 / Materials , Physics , Process & Characterization , 2002 , p . ' Warm ' manufacturing heats up : nanotechnology poses an attractive solution for lower - temp soldering obtain values from reference materials and the literature ; and Chapter 14 : manufactured fiber examination - - thermal microscopy The main industries using instrumentation are pharmaceutical , petrochemical , and chemical laboratories . Market profile : melting point Automelt apparatus use a substance ' s optical behavior to detect the Make the Most of Melting Point Measurements An experiment has been designed using the of ice that produces data that is as valid and as accurate as the data obtained from the above experiment . The modification of general chemistry laboratories for use by students with disabilities It also creates alloy combinations with tin , however , that have a lowest of around 117 [ degrees ] C . Solderable coatings and Pb - free alloy combinations : the amount of each element can have wide bearing on joint properties The chocolate kisses should melt in your hand , because chocolate ' s is lower than the average human body temperature : 37 [ degrees ] C ( 98 . Hands - on science ( no lab required ) The researchers were able to make specific measurements of the wavelength dependence of emissivity of tungsten and molybdenum at temperatures up to those materials melting points INCREASED ACCURACY FOR PARTICLE TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT MDI and these glycols form urethanes and have Tgs and crystalline melting points that result in crystallization at use temperature and can be processed without decomposition or crosslinking reactions . Synthesis and morphology of TPEs During solidification , the eutectic with the lowest is often surrounded by already solidified particles from the eutectics with the higher The role of eutectics in solder joint appearance : a mix of liquids and solids solidifying at different stages gives joints a dull look More results ► Medical browser ▲ melodidymus Melogale moschata melomania melomaniac melomelia melomelus meloncus melon - seed body Melophagus melophobia meloplasty Melopsittacus undulatus melorheostosis melosalgia meloschisis melotia melotrophosis Melotte , George W . Melotte ’ s metal meloxicam melphalan MELS melt Melting points Melting Pot melting range melting temperature melting temperature or transition temperature melting - curve analysis meltrin alpha meltrin beta meltrin gamma Meltzer Meltzer law Meltzer , Martin Meltzer , Samuel J . Meltzer - Lyon test MEM mem retinoscopy memantine memantine hydrochloride memapsin 1 memapsin 2 member member at large Member , Royal College membra membrana membrana adventitia ▼ Full browser ▲ melting in the mouth melting in the mouth melting into melting into melting it away Melting Level Melting Level melting loss Melting Marshmallow Moment Melting of DNA Melting of DNA Melting point order Melting point order melting pot melting pot Melting Pot Genealogical Society Melting Pot Records Melting Pot Theatre Company melting pots melting pots melting profile melting range melting rate melting ratio Melting temperature Melting temperature melting temperature of DNA melting temperature or transition temperature Melting ulcer Melting ulcer melting - curve analysis Melting - point Melting - point ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Migrant+worker
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migrant worker Also found in : Encyclopedia Wikipedia migrant worker A farm labourer who is disenfranchised in the country in which he or she works , whose domicile changes as different crops are harvested . The impact of migrant workers on the healthcare delivery system is poorly studied , but like other disenfranchised groups , such as homeless , poor and illegal aliens , are at increased risk for tuberculosis , violence , alcoholism and substance abuse . Approximately half of migrant labourers ( US ) illegal aliens who not seek healthcare due to fear deportation . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / migrant + worker " > migrant worker < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in amebiasis Tier - 1 worker References in periodicals archive There were cases when a kafeel exerts further control over the by confiscating his or her passport and travel documents , despite legislation in some destination countries where this practice is illegal . IN THE KNOW : What ' s the ' kafala ' system ? The event , now in its fifth year , is to show solidarity with the One Billion Rising campaign , a global campaign launched by playwright and activist Eve Ensler in 2012 to highlight violence against women , said Gilda Banugan , chairperson of Migrante International ' s Taiwan Chapter , an organization that fights for the rights of Filipino migrant workers Migrant workers in Taiwan plan flash mob dance to demand better rights Botum is among 56,000 migrant workers from 16 countries currently working in Korea on E9 and E10 visas . Migrant workers in rural areas find ' Korean dream ' out of reach This , after the Senate Committee on Labor , Employment and Human Resources Development started its investigation on the deaths of overseas Filipino workers ( OFWs ) , where lawmakers learned that existing laws on the protection of are not properly being implemented . Gatchalian asks gov ' t to review PH labor policies before deploying OFWs Since then , the ministry has sent its first batch of maids to Hong Kong , lifted its six - year ban on sending to Malaysia and announced plans to send more workers to Japan to support the elder care industry . Cambodia ' s Labour Ministry seeks pact with Lebanon on maids as more seek work abroad Summary : It is estimated that about 500 have already left the state Fake news spreads panic , causes more migrants to leave Kerala Such a high income can increase the willingness of in the city . Research on social support system of peasant workers ' citizenship based on data mining theory Indeed , the size of Alberta ' s international cohort rapidly increased from 11,376 in 2003 to 68,339 in 2012 ( Citizenship and Immigration Canada 2013 ) . The construction of migrant work and workers by Alberta Legislators , 2000 - 2011 a and his family members are exempt from registration for 30 days from the date of entry into the territory of the Russian Federation ; Number of Kyrgyz citizens living in Russia estimated at 545k The incident itself took place in an area known as Little India , where Indian - origin business and amenities attract Indian looking to unwind after work . Geopolitical hotspot : Singapore Migrant workers in New Zealand may soon enjoy the benefits of a proposed law to make migrant abuse a criminal offence . New Zealand Migrant Workers Complain of Exploitation ; Law Proposed to Make Worker Abuse a Crime 4 ) If Qatar does not act soon to uphold its international commitments and seriously address labor reform , there will be more deaths from building World Cup stadia than there will be athletes competing in the entire tournament . Building a new future : the 2022 FIFA World Cup as a potential catalyst for labor reform in Qatar More results ► Medical browser ▲ MIFT MIG MIG - 17 Migard Mighty Joe Young Mighty Mouse Mighty Quinn miglitol miglustat mignon lamp migraine migraine diet migraine equivalent Migraine Headache Migraine neuralgia migraine variant migraine with aura migraine without aura migraine - associated vertigo migraine - related vestibulopathy migraineur migrainous cranial neuralgia Migraleve migram Migranal MigraSpray migrating motor complex migrating motor complexes migrating myoelectric complex migrating phlebitis migrating teeth migrating testis migration Migration Advisory Committee Migration Analysis Cleansing Service migration inhibition assay migration inhibitory factor test migration of leukocytes migration of oocyte migration , pathologic migration , tooth migration - inhibitory factor migratory migratory arthralgia migratory glossitis migratory gonorrheal polyarthritis migratory ophthalmia migratory pneumonia migratory polyarthritis migratory thromboembolism ▼ Full browser ▲ Migrant Education Even Start Migrant Education Outreach Program Migrant Education Program Migrant Farm Worker Migrant farmer Migrant Farmworker Justice Project Migrant Forum in Asia Migrant Health Centers Migrant Health Promotion Migrant Integration Policy Index Migrant labor Migrant labor Migrant Labour Migrant Legal - Action Program , Inc . Migrant Mafia Migrant Occupations in Demand List Migrant Offshore Aid Station Migrant Resource Centre North West Migrant Resource Centre of South Australia Migrant Rights Centre Ireland Migrant Savings for Alternative Investments migrant shrike migrant shrike Migrant Skills and Qualifications Services Migrant Smuggling and Trafficking in Persons Coordination Center Migrant Student Information Exchange Migrant Student Information Network Migrant Student Organization Migrant Student Record Transfer System Migrant Women Initiatives in the Netherlands for Development Migrant Worker Support Network Migrant Workers Convention Migrant Workers Protection Society Migrante International Migrante Sectoral Party migrantly migrantly Migrants Migrants Migrants ' Rights International Migrants ' Rights Network Migrants ' Trade Union MigraSpray migrate migrate migrate between migrate between ( some place or sth ) and ( some place or sth else ) migrate between and migrate between some place and some place migrate between some place and some place else migrate between something and something migrate between somewhere and somewhere migrate from ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Mouth+breathing
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mouth breathing Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Idioms Encyclopedia Wikipedia breathing brēth ing ventilation ( def . 2 ) . diaphragmatic breathing diaphragmatic respiration a type of exercise that patients are taught to promote more effective aeration of the lungs , consisting moving the diaphragm downward during inhalation and upward with exhalation . frog glossopharyngeal respiration unaided by primary or ordinary accessory muscles respiration , air being “ swallowed ” rapidly into lungs by use tongue and muscles pharynx ; used patients with chronic muscle paralysis to augment their vital capacity . intermittent positive pressure ( IPPB ) see intermittent positive pressure breathing mouth through mouth instead nose , usually because some obstruction in nasal passages . pattern , ineffective a nursing diagnosis approved North American Nursing Diagnosis Association , defined as inspiration and / or expiration that does not provide adequate ventilation Etiologic contributing factors include disorders nervous system in which there is abnormal response neural stimulation , as spinal cord injury ; impairment musculoskeletal function , trauma chest ; pain discomfort associated deep breathing , after abdominal or thoracic surgery ; fatigue diminished energy level ; inadequate lung expansion , poor body posture positioning ; inappropriate response stress , hyperventilation ; inflammation respiratory structures ; tracheobronchial obstruction . Subjective symptoms include reports dyspnea , shortness breath , pain associated breathing , complaints dizziness , previous episodes emotional physical stress fear anxiety . Objective symptoms increased respiratory rate changes depth respirations , fremitus , abnormal arterial blood gases , nasal flaring , orthopnea assumption three - point position , which patient sits down elevates shoulders stiffening each arm pushing downward hands on chair bed , use accessory respiration , increased anteroposterior diameter chest barrel chest ) , altered excursion . The goal nursing intervention is help patient experience improved gas exchange using more effective pattern . This might teaching appropriate exercises proper encouraging body posture maximizes expansion lungs . If postoperative contributing factor , providing support operative site reduce strain during coughing moving about could encourage deeper respirations normal pattern . If causative factor stress resultant hyperventilation some other ineffective pattern , may need help developing beneficial coping mechanisms such relaxation techniques . pursed - lip technique air inhaled slowly through nose then exhaled slowly pursed lips . This type often used chronic obstructive pulmonary disease prevent small airway collapse . breathing - related sleep disorder any several disorders characterized sleep disruption due sleep - related problem , resulting excessive sleepiness insomnia . Included are central obstructive apnea syndromes ( see adult sleep apnea ) . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . mouth breath · ing habitual instead nose , usually due obstruction airways . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 mouth breathing because passages . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . mouth breath · ing mowth brēdhing Habitual obstructed airways . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 mowth brēdhing Habitual Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / mouth + breathing " > mouth breathing < / a > Mentioned in accidental hypothermia Allergic Shiners alveolar - capillary membrane alveolocapillary membrane Anesthetic agents aortic stenosis aphthous stomatitis arachnoid membrane basement membrane basilar membrane basilemma Bowman ' s membrane breathing pattern , ineffective breathing - related sleep disorder bronchial breathing Bruch ' s membrane burning tongue cardiopulmonary resuscitation Medical browser ▲ mouse cancer mouse elbow mouse encephalomyelitis mouse encephalomyelitis virus Mouse Finger Mouse Footpad Test Mouse Genome Database Mouse Genome Informatics Mouse Genome Sequence Project mouse hepatitis virus mouse leukemia viruses Mouse Locus Catalog at MGI Mouse Milk Mouse Model Mouse Potato Mouse Race mouse thymic virus mouse unit Mouse Wrist mouse - tailed crumbleweed mousetooth mouse - tooth forceps moustache mouth absorption mouth cancer mouth care mouth guard mouth mirror mouth of the womb mouth prop mouth rehabilitation mouth rinse mouth stick mouth ulcer mouth ulcers mouth worker mouthbrooder mouthing mouthpart mouthrinse mouthrot mouthstick mouth - to - mouth respiration mouth - to - mouth resuscitation mouth - to - mouth ventilation mouth - to - nose resuscitation mouthwash mouthwashes mouton ▼ Full browser ▲ Moutans mouterer Mouth ( human ) Mouth ( human ) mouth absorption Mouth and Foot Disease Mouth And Foot Painting Artists Mouth Bar Mouth Big Brain Small mouth bow mouth bow mouth breadth Mouth breather Mouth breather mouth breathers Mouth cancer Mouth cancer Mouth Cancer Awareness Week Mouth Cancer Foundation Mouth Cancer Voice Awards mouth carcinoma mouth carcinoma mouth care mouth device for sleep apnoea Mouth diseases Mouth diseases Mouth Dissoving mouth dryness mouth dryness mouth erosions mouth erosions Mouth feel Mouth feel Mouth friend ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Muscle+Spasms+and+Cramps
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Muscle Spasms and Cramps Muscle Spasms and Cramps Definition Muscle spasms and cramps are spontaneous , often painful muscle contractions . Description Most people are familiar with the sudden pain of a muscle cramp . The rapid , uncontrolled contraction , or spasm , happens unexpectedly , with either no stimulation or some trivially small one . The contraction and pain last for several minutes , then slowly ease . Cramps may affect any muscle , but most common in the calves , feet , hands . While painful , they harmless , in most cases , not related to any underlying disorder . Nonetheless , cramps spasms can be manifestations of many neurological muscular diseases . terms cramp spasm can be somewhat vague , they sometimes used to include types abnormal activity other than sudden painful contraction . These include stiffness at rest , slow relaxation , spontaneous contractions a at rest ( fasciculation ) . Fasciculation is type painless spasm , marked by rapid , uncoordinated contraction many small fibers . A critical part diagnosis is distinguish these different meanings allow patient describe problem as precisely as possible . Causes and symptoms Causes Normal voluntary begins when electrical signals sent from brain through spinal cord along nerve cells called motor neurons . These both upper motor neurons within brain lower neurons within spinal cord leading out muscle . At muscle , chemicals released by neuron stimulate internal release calcium ions from stores cell . calcium ions then interact proteins cell , causing proteins ( actin myosin ) slide past one another . This motion pulls their fixed ends closer , thereby shortening cell and , ultimately , itself . Recapture unlinking actin myosin allows fiber relax . Abnormal may caused abnormal activity stage this process . Certain mechanisms rest central nervous system help regulate contraction . Interruption these mechanisms cause spasm . Motor that overly sensitive fire below their normal thresholds . membrane itself over sensitive , causing without stimulation . Calcium not recaptured quickly enough , prolonged Interuption overly sensitive result damage nerve pathways . Possible causes stroke multiple sclerosis , cerebral palsy , neurodegenerative diseases , trauma , spinal cord injury nervous system poisons such strychnine , tetanus certain insecticides . Nerve damage lead prolonged permanent shortening called contracture . Changes responsiveness due associated with : Prolonged exercise Curiously , relaxation actually requires energy expended . energy used recapture unlink actin myosin . Normally , sensations fatigue signal that it time rest . Ignoring overriding those warning signals lead such severe depletion can not relaxed , cramp . familiar advice about swimming after heavy meal , when blood flow directed away muscles , intended avoid this type Rigor mortis , stiffness corpse first 24 hours after death also due phenomenon . Dehydration salt depletion . This brought on protracted vomiting diarrhea copious sweating during exercise , especially high temperatures . Loss fluids salts — especially sodium , potassium , magnesium , calcium — can disrupt ion balances both nerves . prevent them responding recovering normally , Metabolic disorders affect supply muscle . inherited diseases which particular enzymes deficient . They deficiencies myophosphorylase ( McArdle ' s disease ) , phosphorylase b kinase , phosphofructokinase , phosphoglycerate kinase , lactate dehydrogenase . Myotonia . causes delayed relaxation but does cause spontaneous usually associated cramps . However , patients myotonia do experience cramping exercise . Symptoms myotonia often worse cold . Myotonias myotonic dystrophy congenita , paramyotonia congenita , neuromyotonia . Fasciculations fatigue , cold , medications , metabolic disorders , damage , neurodegenerative disease , including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Most people experience brief , mild fasciculations time time , usually calves . Symptoms cramp intense , localized , debilitating Coming on quickly , it last for minutes fade gradually . Contractures develop more slowly , over days weeks , permanent if untreated . Fasciculations occur contraction , several minutes . Diagnosis Abnormal contractions diagnosed through careful medical history , physical neurological examination , electromyography affected muscles . Electromyography records electrical during movement . Treatment cases simple require no treatment other than patience stretching . Gently gradually stretching massaging affected ease hasten recovery . More regular treated drugs carbamazepine , phenytoin , quinine . Fluid salt replacement , either orally intravenously , treat dehydration . Treatment underlying metabolic neurologic disease , where possible , help relieve symptoms . Alternative treatment Cramps treated prevented Gingko Ginkgo biloba Japanese quince Chaenomeles speciosa ) . Supplements vitamin E , niacin , calcium , magnesium also help . Taken bedtime , reduce likelihood night cramps . Prognosis Occasional common , have special medical significance . Prevention likelihood developing reduced eating healthy diet appropriate levels minerals getting regular exercise build up reserves Avoiding exercising extreme heat helps prevent heat Heat avoided taking tablets water before extreme heat . Taking warm bath before bedtime increase circulation legs reduce incidence nighttime leg Resources Books Bradley , Walter G . , et al . Neurology Clinical Practice 2nd ed . Woburn , MA : Butterworth - Heinemann , 1995 . Key terms Motor neuron Nerve cells central carry impulses controlling movement . Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Muscle + Spasms + and + Cramps " > Muscle Spasms and Cramps < / a > References in periodicals archive Our patient was started on baclofen 10 mg 3 times per day ( titrated up as needed ) for muscle spasms and cramps , which resulted in some improvement of his cramps , but no improvement in the spasms . Case report He blamed a lot of back pain on muscle spasms and cramps , and based much of his treatments on stretching the appropriate muscles . BACK TO BASICS More results ► Medical browser ▲ muscle of larynx muscle of respiration muscle of terminal notch muscle of uvula muscle overuse syndrome muscle phosphofructokinase muscle phosphorylase muscle phosphorylase deficiency muscle plasma muscle plate muscle power assessment muscle proteins muscle receptor muscle recovery muscle reeducation muscle relaxant muscle relaxant reversal muscle relaxants muscle repositioning muscle resection muscle response testing muscle serum muscle soreness muscle sound muscle spasm muscle spindle muscle spindles muscle strain muscle stretch reflex assessment muscle striations muscle sugar muscle synergy muscle tapping muscle tear muscle testing muscle testing procedures muscle tetanus muscle tissue muscle tone muscleblind protein musclebound muscle - bound muscle - derived protein 77 muscles of abdomen muscles of anal triangle muscles of auditory ossicles muscles of back muscles of back proper muscles of coccyx muscles of facial expression ▼ Full browser ▲ muscle sensibility muscle sensibility muscle serum muscle sheath muscle shirt Muscle Shoals Muscle Shoals Muscle Shoals / Florence / Sheffield , AL , USA - Muscle Shoals Muscle Shoals City Public Library Muscle Shoals City Schools Muscle Shoals Music Association Muscle Shoals Sailing Club Muscle Shoals , Alabama Muscle Shoals , Alabama Muscle Signs and Symptoms Muscle skill muscle someone out of muscle soreness muscle sound muscle spasm Muscle spasms Muscle spasms Muscle spasticity Muscle spasticity muscle spindle Muscle spindle organ Muscle spindle organ Muscle spindle organs Muscle spindle organs muscle spindle reflex muscle spindle reflex Muscle spindles Muscle spindles Muscle Stangs of Miami Muscle strain Muscle strain Muscle Stretch Reflex Muscle Stretch Reflex muscle stretch reflex assessment muscle striations Muscle sugar Muscle sugar Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Mussels
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mussel ( redirected from Mussels Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Acronyms Encyclopedia mussel ( mŭs ′ əl ) n . 1 . Any of various marine bivalve mollusks that attach to hard surfaces in intertidal areas with byssal threads , especially the edible members of the family Mytilidae and in particular Mytilus edulis , a blue - black species North Atlantic Ocean , raised commercially for food . 2 . Any numerous freshwater bivalve mollusks order Unionoida that burrow sand or mud rivers , streams , and ponds . 3 . several similar mollusks , such as zebra mussel . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . A mollusk belonging to class Pelecypoda . Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners mollusc Mytilus edulis . Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 there is a great variety mussels ; some which are farmed commercially for human food , e.g . Perna spp . See Table 23 . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : Mentioned in 2 , 4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid acetylacetic acid acetylsalicylic acid acetylsalicylic acid poisoning acid adenylic acid aging aminoacetic acid aminobenzoic acid aminophylline poisoning aminosalicylic acid aminosuccinic acid amphetamine poisoning antihistamine poisoning ascorbic acid cadmium camphor poisoning carbolic acid Medical browser ▲ musical alexia musical ear syndrome musical murmur Musician ’ s Wart musician ' s cramp musician ' s earplugs musicians ' overuse syndrome musician ' s wart musicians , medical problems of musicogenic musicogenic epilepsy musicomania musicotherapy musk musk ox musken sensoclonic reaction Musket Shot Water muskrat musky storksbill Muslim slaughter Musophaga musophagid musophobia mussel poisoning Mussels Musset Musset ( de Musset ) sign Musset sign Musset , L.C. Alfred de Musset ' s sign mussitation MUSST must MUST EECP mustache mustang mustard mustard bath mustard gas mustard oil Mustard operation mustard plaster mustard plaster test mustard poultice Mustard procedure Mustard , William T . Mustargen Mustela mustelid Mustelidae ▼ Full browser ▲ Mussadegh , Muhammad Mussalman Mussalman Mussar movement Musschenbroek , Pieter Van MUSSD mussed mussed mussed it up mussed up Mussel digger mussel poisoning mussel shrimp mussel shrimp musselcracker musselcrackers musselled Musselman Musselman Musselmann Musselmann Musselshell Musselshell County Musselshell County , Montana Musselshell County , MT Müssen Müssen Mussert , Anton Adrian musses musses it up musses up Musset Musset ( de Musset ) sign Musset Alfred de Musset de Musset sign Musset sign Musset ' s sign Musset , Alfred de Musset , Alfred de Musset , L.C. Alfred de Musset , LC Alfred de Mussey Grade Road Alliance ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/NOI
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nature of illness ( redirected from NOI Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Financial Acronyms Encyclopedia Wikipedia nature of illness NOI The expression ( s ) of a disease and its meaning ( s ) to the patient and significant others . Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / NOI " > nature of illness < / a > Medical browser ▲ noduli valvularum semilunarium nodulus nodus nodus sinuatrialis echo NOE noematic noesis noetic noetic anxiety noetic therapy noeud vital NOF n - of - 1 study no - fault compensation system no - fault error no - fault insurance NOG NOGA map noggling pain Nogier vascular autonomic signal Noguchi Noguchi Hideyo Noguchi , Hideyo Noguchia Noguchia granulosis - noia noils no - impact sport noise noise pollution noise - induced hearing loss noisy breathing nok NOL10 NOL11 NOL12 NOL3 NOL4 NOL6 NOL7 NOL8 NOL9 Nola virus noli me tangere Nolina Nolvadex Nolvadex - D Nolvaldex Nolvasan noma ▼ Full browser ▲ Nohm chompsky Nohm chompsky NoHo NOHOL NOHOSH nohow nohowish NOHP NOHP NOHPC NOHPG NOHR NOHR - S NOHRC NOHRSC NOHS NOHSA NOHSAC NOHSC NOHSCP NOHSE NOHSM NOHSPC NOHSPCP NOHSRC NOHSS Nohup NOHVA NOHVCC Noi Abramovich Trotskii Noi Nikolaevich Zhordaniia Noi Trotskii Noi Zhordaniia Noia Noia NOIA - NA Noiabrina Noiakh Gershelevich Lure Noiakh Lure Noiance NOIBN NOIBN NOIC NOICC Noid Noid Noid ( mathematics ) Noida Noida Export Processing Zone Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology Noida Power Company Ltd . Noida Software Technology Park Ltd . Noida Special Economic Zone Noida Special Export Zone Noida Toll Bridge Co . , Ltd . Noida Toll Bridge Company Limited noids NOIE NOIE ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Nasal+polyp
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nasal polyp Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Acronyms Encyclopedia Wikipedia na · sal pol · yp an inflammatory or allergic polyp , arising from the ostium or cavity of one of the paranasal sinuses , which projects into nasal cavity . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 nasal polyp a rounded , elongated piece pulpy , dependent mucosa that projects into nasal cavity . Nasal polyp Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . ENT Any small , sac - like growths consisting inflamed mucosa , which can arise in clusters individually , near ethmoid sinuses , expanding open areas cavity , possibly obstructing airway and blocking drainage from sinuses ; sinusitis may arise in fluid accumulating blocked sinuses Clinical Obstruction , mandatory mouth breathing due to chronic obstruction , runny nose Etiology Asthma , allergic rhinitis / hay fever , vasomotor rhinitis , certain drugs , chronic sinusitis , cystic fibrosis McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . na · sal po · lyp nāzăl polip Inflammatory polyp , arising ostium cavity one paranasal Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 NASAL POLYPS A pedunculated polyp mucosa . See : illustration Nasal polyps are most commonly identified nonmalignant tumor passages . They are more commonly identified men than women . Symptoms The most common symptom polyposis is obstruction to flow air and out passages . Treatment Steroid sprays may improve airflow through Surgical removal polyps occasionally be necessary when medical treatment is unsuccessful . See also : Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners pertaining nose . acariasis characterized by mild discharge hyperemia , occasionally severe rhinitis . See also pneumonyssus caninum actinobacillosis a granulomatous lesion sheep , causing obstruction discharge , usually unilaterally . amyloidosis horses analogous AL - amyloidosis humans ; can occur independently generalized disease , affecting vestibule anterior septum turbinates , with sufficient nodular diffuse deposits obstruct passage . areae , plane polygonal , raised , epidermal markings on skin nasolabial plane dog . The pattern marking individual each dog be used for identification , similar use fingerprints humans . bot fly infestation causes sneezing constant discharge . presence flies flock causes some insect worry . also oestrus ovis breath flow breath nostrils as distinct mouth . volume as determined by holding palms hands front nostrils ; diminution cessation readily appreciated . catarrh discharge without obvious physical cause . A specific problem unknown etiology rabbits , although Bordetella bronchiseptica thought implicated . Manifested sneezing , constant ocular matting fur on insides forelimbs . Called snuffles . erectile tissue erectile tissue present only some patients ; usually collapsed . hemorrhage see epistaxis mucosal inflammation , foreign body , neoplasm ; detected assessing flow . olfactory region located ethmoturbinates , turbinates septum ; covered olfactory epithelium including sustentacular , basal cells . respiratory region covers cavities ; covered respiratory epithelium containing many , mainly serous , glands carrying cilia . cavity - sinuses see sinuses . vestibular place transition skin epithelium . conchae Table 10 . cycling reciprocal change degree congestion between nostrils ; when mucosa becomes congested mucosal congestion opposite diminishes . deviation 1 . occurs congenital deviation maxilla septum leads malocclusion maxillary teeth . 2 . older animals result sinus cysts sinonasal neoplasia . horse . By permission Knottenbelt DC , Pascoe RR , Diseases Disorders Horse , Saunders , 2003 unilateral bilateral , serous , purulent , hemorrhagic , contain food material . diverticulum diverticulum encapsulated hematoma persistent because its size ; blood accumulated under so resemble polyp . Like hematoma obstructs through enzootic adenocarcinoma sheep cattle occur at sufficiently high incidence suggest an infectious cause . Usually unilateral front ethmoid bone . fold facial fold1 foreign bodies take form grass seeds sticks poked up while animal scratching its muzzle rhinitis , especially cattle . Cause sneezing , discharge , inspiratory dyspnea , snoring noise rubbing nose . Foreign bodies viewable palpable . fossa fossa fundus caudal part cavity , close bone . granuloma enzootic granuloma , mycotic granuloma , schistosoma nasalis cause obstruction ; result body injury , rarely due inept passage tube endoscope . hemorrhage epistaxis Called rhinorrhagia , nose bleed . meatus mites acariasis ( above ) . inflammation rhinitis stertor , mouth breathing , small airstreams nostrils . It caused palpable body . odor smell breath ; necrotic , smell ketones . passage progressive progressive hematoma . schistosomiasis infection with blood fluke schistosoma largely asymptomatic but cause dyspnea , snoring profuse discharge . vertical plate bone cartilage mucous membrane that divides sinus swab cotton swab stick , passed up nostril obtain sample exudate epithelial debris for microbiological cellular examination . tube nasogastric tube . turbinates conchae ( above ) Table 10 . vestibule part just inside nostrils lined skin . wash flushing sterile saline , recover cells infectious agents cytology culture . 1 . any growth mass protruding mucous membrane . Polyps attached membrane thin stalk , case they known pedunculated polyps , have broad base ( sessile polyps ) . They overgrowth normal tissue , but sometimes true tumors masses new separate supporting membrane . Usually benign , they lead complications eventually become malignant . Polyps wherever there membrane : nose , ears , mouth , lungs , heart , stomach , intestines , urinary bladder , uterus cervix . Terminology includes location and / or contents , e.g . adenomatous , fibrous , gastric , tracheal . 2 . sedentary form hydrozoan , e.g . sea anemone . sporadic cases . Mycotic granuloma cattle manifested anterior eosinophilic granulomas containing spores hyphae fungus Drechslera rostrata In cats , inflammatory auditory canal . nasopharyngeal cats any age ; origin , sometimes sneezing . pharyngeal difficult swallowing breathing . In capable much movement erratic clinical signs . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / nasal + polyp " > nasal polyp < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in Aleve allergen anosmia Ansaid antrochoanal polyp aspirin aspirin - induced asthma asthma asthma triad asthma , nasal polyps and aspirin intolerance bare lymphocyte syndrome type I beclomethasone bloodroot BOO bronchial asthma CaO capsaicin Celebrex choanal polyp References in periodicals archive Different studies have assessed improvement in quality of life score after medical and or surgical treatment of patients with nasal polyps , yet the evidence on frequency of successful resolution of polypi with medical versus surgical treatment was limited and contained conflicting results which necessitated the present study with a hope that the results of the present study could help in selecting better treatment option for patients in future . MEDICAL VERSUS SURGICAL TREATMENT OF NASAL POLYPS Signification of nasal polyps in chronic rhinosinusitis : symptoms and surgical outcome . A descriptive study of diagnostic and management protocols in chronic rhinosinusitis Chronic rhinosinusitis with ( NP ) is a disease of the paranasal sinuses and the nasal cavity and is distinguished by extracellular edema and abundant inflammatory cells . TNF - [ alpha ] and IL - 1 [ beta ] Cytokine Gene Polymorphism in Patients with Nasal Polyposis 90 ) An additional study using automated surface enhanced laser desorption / ionization time - of - flight mass spectrometry on serum samples , a technology that identifies relative concentrations of low - molecular - weight proteins , the proteomic profile of patients with AFRS in comparison with those with aspirin sensitivity syndrome and CRS with has shown that the proteomic profile among the groups is different and that analysis can distinguish among the 3 groups with high sensitivity and specificity . The Molecular Genetics of Inflammatory , Autoimmune , and Infectious Diseases of the Sinonasal Tract : A Review Increased ion transport in cultured epithelial cells . Etiopathogenesis of nasal polyps We thank Josh Fierer and Jesus Gonzales for providing human Rhinosporidium tissue blocks , Mike Levy for the canine used for consensus PCR , Kristin Arkush for the Dermocystidium salmonis and Rosette agent DNA , and Robin Gutell for the mask used for phylogenetic analysis of the DRIPs clade . Rhinosporidium seeberi : A Human Pathogen from a Novel Group of Aquatic Protistan Parasites The pathologic process of metaplastic ossification has been postulated to involve osteoblast progenitors , which may arise from ( 1 ) differentiation of pluripotential cells that are already present in the stroma of or ( 2 ) dedifferentiation of mesenchymal cells . Nasal polyp with osseous metaplasia Correlation between cytokine levels in nasal fluid and eosinophil counts in tissue in asthmatic and non - asthmatic patients . Th1 and Th2 cytokine gene expression in atopic and nonatopic patients with nasal polyposis Paediatric pyogenic granuloma presenting as a unilateral Lobular capillary haemangioma of nose : a case report The and sinusitis tissues were obtained from the ethmoid sinus in the 64 patients . Expression and clinical significance of PLUNC protein in nasal polyp and chronic sinusitis tissue STUDY VARIABLES : Outcome & dependent - magnitude of infiltration of eosinophils in Study of eosinophil infiltration in nasal polyp In traditional medicine it is used externally to treat warts , moles , fungal infections such as ringworm , varicose ulcers , some topical tumours , and the dried root is powdered and inhaled like snuff to treat Plant of the Week : Plant used for war paint can treat warts and moles More results ► Medical browser ▲ nasal height nasal index nasal instillation of medication Nasal Irrigation nasal labyrinth nasal lavage nasal lavage fluid nasal line nasal lipoma nasal margin of frontal bone nasal meatus Nasal Memory Surgery nasal mucosa nasal mucous membrane nasal myiasis nasal nerve nasal notch nasal obstruction nasal packing Nasal Papillomas nasal part of frontal bone nasal pit nasal pits nasal placode nasal placodes Nasal Polyps nasal reflex nasal region nasal sacs Nasal scraping nasal septal branch of superior labial branch of facial artery nasal septal cartilage nasal septal perforation nasal septum nasal sinus nasal spatula nasal speech nasal spine of frontal bone nasal spines nasal stuffiness nasal surface of body of maxilla nasal surface of horizontal plate of palatine bone nasal surface of palatine bone nasal tampon nasal tamponade nasal tip nasal tonsil Nasal Trauma nasal tumor nasal turbinate ▼ Full browser ▲ Nasal Peak Inspiratory Flow Rate nasal pharynx nasal pharynx nasal pit nasal pits nasal placode nasal placodes nasal plane nasal plane nasal plate nasal plate nasal point nasal point Nasal polyps nasal process nasal process of the frontal bone nasal process of the maxilla nasal process , lateral nasal process , lateral nasal process , medial nasal process , medial Nasal processes nasal prominence , lateral nasal prominence , lateral nasal prominence , medial nasal prominence , medial Nasal Prong nasal prongs Nasal Prongs Continuous Positive Airway Pressure nasal pyoderma nasal pyoderma nasal reflex ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Neurones
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neuron ( redirected from Neurones Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia neuron noor on a highly specialized cell of the nervous system having two characteristic properties : irritability ( ability to be stimulated ) and conductivity ( ability to conduct impulses ) . They are composed of a cell body ( called also neurosome or perikaryon ) , containing the nucleus and its surrounding cytoplasm , one or more processes nerve fibers extending from body . Called also nerve cell . adj . , adj neuro nal . The nerve fibers are actually extensions cytoplasm surrounding nucleus neuron . A may have only one such slender fiber extending from its body , in which case it is classified as unipolar . A having two processes is bipolar , with three more multipolar . Most neurons multipolar ; this type widely distributed throughout central nervous system autonomic ganglia . The multipolar neurons have single process called an axon several branched extensions called dendrites dendrites receive stimuli other nerves receptor organ , such as skin ear , transmit them through axon . axon conducts impulses dendrite another an effector organ that thereby stimulated action . Many covered with layer lipid material myelin sheath Peripheral thin outer covering neurilemma Types Neurons Neurons that receive stimuli outside environment transmit them toward brain afferent sensory neurons . Those carry impulses in opposite direction , away brain other centers muscles , efferent neurons , motor neurons , motoneurons Another type , interneuron found spinal cord , conducts afferent efferent neurons . Synapses point at which impulse transmitted another synapse . transmission chemical nature ; is , there no direct contact between another . cholinergic nerves parasympathetic nervous system liberate at their endings substance acetylcholine acts stimulant adjacent In similar manner , adrenergic sympathetic nervous system liberate epinephrine related substances . synapse may involve chemical contact many adjacent it involve terminals succeeding pathway . There many different patterns synapses . Receptor End - Organs sensory designed various parts body . These receptor end - organs three general types : exteroceptors , interoceptors , proprioceptors . exteroceptors located near external surface body , skin , information about senses touch , heat , cold , factors external environment . interoceptors located internal organs information viscera , e.g. , pressure , tension , pain . proprioceptors found muscles , tendons , joints “ muscle sense , ” by aware position one ' s body space . Effectors axons motor form synapses skeletal produce motion . These junctions end - plates myoneural junctions . divides just before enters muscle forms synapses near nuclei muscle fibers . somatic Visceral form smooth muscle , cardiac muscle , glands . Upper lower From Damjanov , 2000 . Golgi n ' s 1 . ( type I ) : pyramidal cells long axons , leave gray matter central nervous system , traverse white matter , terminate periphery . 2 . ( type II ) : stellate short axons cerebral cerebellar cortices retina . motoneuron postganglionic n ' s whose bodies lie autonomic ganglia whose purpose relay beyond ganglia . preganglionic bodies lie system terminate Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . neu · ron nū ' ron ) , morphologic functional unit system , consisting dendrites , axon . Synonym ( s ) : nerve cell neurocyte neurone [ G . neuron , nerve ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / neu · ron / noor on cell ; any conducting cells consisting containing cytoplasm , dendrites . neuro nal impulse center . center organ response . Golgi 1 . I ) : pyramidal long axons , leave gray matter traverse white matter , periphery . 2 . II ) : stellate short particularly numerous cerebral cerebellar cortices retina . motoneuron multisensory cortex subcortical regions can input than modality . postganglionic ganglia purpose relay beyond preganglionic any function ; conveying impulses . first pathway primary n . second secondary n . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( no͝or ′ ŏn ′ , nyo͝or ′ - ) Any impulse - conducting constitute brain , spinal column , vertebrates , nucleated single similar impulse - conducting invertebrates . In both senses neu ′ ro · nal ( no͝or ′ ə - nəl , nyo͝or ′ - , no͝o - rōn ′ l , nyo͝o - ) neu · ron ′ ic adj . neu ′ ro · nal · ly adv . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . [ noo͡r ′ on ] Etymology : Gk , basic within processes . can be classified according direction they conduct according number they extend . Sensory toward cord brain . Motor cord muscles glandular tissue . Multipolar bipolar unipolar number extend different kinds Multipolar several dendrites , do most cord . Bipolar less numerous than types , only dendrite . Unipolar no dendrites . All primary afferents some unipolar . All axon , most slightly color when clustered , nuclei cord . As generators carriers impulses , function electrochemical involving positively charged sodium potassium ions changing electrical potential extracellular intracellular fluid neuron . Also spelled neurone . neuronal , adj . Neuron Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . neu · ron nūr ' on [ TA ] morphologic functional unit Synonym ( s ) : neurocyte neurone [ G . neuron , nerve ] Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 ( noo ' ron ? ) [ Gr . nerve , sinew ] NEURON STRUCTURE cell , structural system . consists ( perikaryon ) processes , function initiation conduction impulses . They by releasing neurotransmitters synapses . Alternatively , release neurohormones into bloodstream . Synonym : nerve cell See : illustration neuronal ( noor ' ' on - al ) , adjective afferent neuron Synonym : association neuron Interneuron . associative neuron mediates between bipolar neuron bears processes . retina receives rods cones transmits ganglion See : retina for illus . central neuron confined entirely system . commissural neuron crosses opposite side efferent neuron carries away gamma motor neuron small originating anterior horns transmits through type gamma intrafusal spindle for control . ganglion neuron receives bipolar Axons ganglion converge optic disk optic nerve . illus . internuncial neuron Interneuron . lower motor neuron peripheral originates ventral horns terminates skeletal muscles . Lesions these produce flaccid paralysis muscles innervate . lower mirror neuron Any group become active both when animal moves certain way animal observes others performing same action . Learning simulation imitation thought mirror brain . motor neuron carries either tissue stimulate contraction glandular tissue stimulate secretion . multipolar neuron peripheral neuron process constitutes part peripheral ( cranial , spinal , nerves ) . peripheral motor neuron muscle . postganglionic neuron lies terminates visceral effector ( smooth cardiac glands ) . preganglionic neuron lies ganglion , synapsing sensory neuron Afferent neuron . serotonergic neuron uses serotonin neurotransmitter . unipolar neuron bears process . upper motor neuron ( actually interneuron ) completely within regulates actions cranial nerves . Lesions these spastic paralysis innervate . upper Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners Neuron make up specifically those along travels . Mentioned in : Coma Pain Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . ( i.e . axon ) ; Illustrated Dictionary of Podiatry and Foot Science by Jean Mooney © 2009 Elsevier Limited . All rights reserved . Structural various processes , ending ( also bouton , end foot terminal ) . There types system ; some ( e.g . those carrying photoreceptors visual cortex ) , ( e.g . carrying receptors skin cord ) . Others Edinger - Westphal sphincter pupillae ciliary muscles ) . Other carry internuncial ) . Note spelt neurone . See action potential synapse Millodot : Dictionary of Optometry and Visual Science , 7th edition . © 2009 Butterworth - Heinemann nūr ' on [ TA ] Morphologic axons . Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 neuron ( nyoo ron ) n cell ; basic structural wide variation shape cells , but all same structures : protoplasmic principal conduction It can not regenerate destroyed ; however , often regenerate . n See neuron , afferent . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . conducting highly specialized characteristic properties : irritability , means capable responding stimulation ; conductivity , means able composed ( the neurosome perikaryon ) , ( nerve fibers ) actually cytoplasm slender fiber case bipolar , multipolar . Most multipolar , this being widely distributed throughout multipolar branched organ , ear , dendrite thereby stimulated into Many covered layer lipid material myelin Peripheral thin outer covering neurilemma . adrenergic secrete norepinephrine neurotransmitter ; mostly sympathetic plus specific brainstem foci . association see internuncial ( below ) . cholinergic synthesize neurotransmitter acetylcholine their terminals ; include α - motor cord , cranial innervating sympathetic parasympathetic Called association interneurons . see golgi neurons motor neuron neurosecretory hypothalamus higher centers translate regulation hormone secretion . nonadrenergic - noncholinergic ( NANC ) release nitric oxide neurotransmitter . parvicellular hypothalamus ; regulate secretion adenohypophyseal hormones via releasing inhibiting factors . organ . transmission along electrical across neurotransmitters , especially norepinephrine acetylcholine . upper Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in abducens nucleus afferent neuron AGC alpha ( alpha ) motor neuron ALS amygdaloid nucleus amyotrophic lateral sclerosis anterior horn cell association neuron associative neuron atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance autoreceptor axoaxonic synapse axodendritic synapse axodendrosomatic synapse axosomatic synapse basal nucleus bipolar cell bipolar neuron Medical browser ▲ neuromusculoskeletal medicine neuromyal transmission neuromyasthenia neuromycotoxins neuromyelitis neuromyelitis optica neuromyopathy neuromyositis neuromyotonia neuron theory neuron , neurone neuronal neuronal antibody neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis neuronal hyperplasia neuronal intestinal dysplasia neuronal migration disorder neuronal nitric oxide synthase neuronal plasticity neuronal sprouting neuronavigation neuronephric Neurones neuronevus neuronitis neuronopathies neuronopathy neuronophage neuronophagia neuronophagic neuron - specific enolase Neurontin neuronyxis neuro - oncologist neurooncology neuro - oncology neuro - oncology surgery neuroophthalmology neuro - ophthalmology neuro - optic neurootology neuro - otology neuropacemaker neuropapillitis neuroparalysis neuroparalytic neuroparalytic keratitis ▼ Full browser ▲ Neuronal Thread Protein - Like Immunoreactivity Neuronal Type Nitric Oxide Synthase neuronal vacuolar degeneration neuronal vacuolar degeneration Neuronal Voltage - Dependent Sodium Channel Neuronal voltage - gated calcium channel gamma - 2 subunit Neuronal voltage - gated calcium channel gamma - 3 subunit Neuronal voltage - gated calcium channel gamma - 4 subunit Neuronal voltage - gated calcium channel gamma - 5 subunit Neuronal voltage - gated calcium channel gamma - 6 subunit Neuronal voltage - gated calcium channel gamma - 7 subunit Neuronal voltage - gated calcium channel gamma - 8 subunit neuronal voltage - gated sodium channel beta 2 subunit Neuronal Wiskott - Aldrich Syndrome Protein neuronal - specific septin 3 neuronal - specific septin - 3 neuronally neuronally Neuronally Expressed EPH - Related Tyrosine Kinase Neuronally - expressed EPH - related tyrosine kinase Neuronavigation neuronectin neuronephric NEURONET neuronevus neuronic neuronic neuronicly neuronitis neuronopathies neuronopathy neuronopathy and pseudolipidosis neuronopathy , distal hereditary motor , type 2A neuronopathy , distal hereditary motor , type 2B neuronopathy , distal hereditary motor , type 2C neuronophage neuronophagia neuronophagic neuronophagic nodule neuronophagy Neurons , afferent Neurons , afferent Neurons , efferent Neurons , efferent Neurontin neuronyxis ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"neuron",
"Windows9X and Windows XP / 2000"
] |
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Neutral+fat
|
neutral fat Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia Wikipedia fat fat 1 . the adipose tissue of the body . 2 . a triglyceride ( or triacylglycerol ) that is an ester of fatty acids and glycerol Each molecule contains one glycerol residue connected by ester linkages to three fatty acid residues , which may be same or different . The acids may have no double bonds in carbon chain ( saturated acids ) , one double bond ( monounsaturated ) , or two more bonds ( polyunsaturated ) . Essential can not be synthesized by body but must obtained from diet from intravenous infusion lipids . Saturated and Unsaturated Fats All common unsaturated are liquid ( oils ) at room temperature . Through process hydrogenation , hydrogen can incorporated into certain unsaturated so that they are converted into solid fats for cooking purposes . Margarine is an example hydrogenation a solid substance . brown thermogenic type adipose tissue containing dark pigment , arising during embryonic life in certain specific areas many mammals , including humans ( see illustration ) ; it prominent newborn . Called also brown adipose tissue Sites brown neonate . From McKinney et al . , 2000 . neutral ( def . 2 ) . polyunsaturated containing polyunsaturated see also saturated saturated see Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . neu · tral fat triester ( that is , triacylglycerol ) . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 neu · tral fat nū ' trăl fat Common fats animals plant tissues compounds higher such as palmitic , stearic , oleic with glycerol . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 neutral fat Compounds higher ( palmitic , stearic , oleic ) with glycerol . They common animal plant tissues . See also : Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / neutral + fat " > neutral fat < / a > Mentioned in adipocyte adipose degeneration adipose tissue animal fat brown fat fat embolism fat necrosis fatty acid fatty change fatty degeneration fatty metamorphosis Fecal Fat lacteals lipid lipid A lipid pneumonia lipolipoidosis lipolytic digestion References in periodicals archive Neutral Fats , Body Fats : This category is generally associated with claims for weight loss . Diabetes prevention & metabolic syndrome in Japan : recent health surveys dictate directions for product development and research for diabetes and metabolic syndrome New ingredients this year include se - same peptide for hypertension , conjugated soy phospholipids peptide to inhibit the absorption of cholesterol and oolong tea polyphenols to suppress the rise in serum neutral fats after a meal . Japan 2005 yearend Update : with Japan climbing out of economic decline , the years ahead look positive The number of people with hyperglycemia and high neutral fats declined slightly from that in 1997 , while the number of people with liver trouble and high cholesterol increased by 1 . Only 16 pc of Japanese get clean bill of health Neutral Fats , Body Fat : The JHNFA status report grouped the " " ( triglycerides ) and " body fat " FOSHU products into a single category , based on the approved product claims . Cardiovascular health in Japan : examining trends and product opportunities in the Japanese market with respect to heart health More results ► Medical browser ▲ neurovascular theory of Charcot joint formation Neurovax neurovegetative neurovirus neurovisceral Neurpro neurula neurulation neurypnology Neusser Neusser granule Neusser granules Neusser , Edmund von neuston neuter Neuticles Neutra - Caine neutraceuticals neutral neutral allele neutral apophyseal glides neutral axis of straight beam neutral bath neutral buffered formalin fixative neutral douche neutral hypnosis neutral lipid storage disease neutral mutation neutral occlusion neutral oxide neutral point neutral position neutral position of joint neutral reaction neutral red neutral rotation neutral salt neutral self - hypnosis neutral side - bent rotated neutral sitz bath neutral spirits neutral stain neutral term neutral thermal environment neutral wrist position neutral zone Neutralase neutralisation test neutralization neutralization plate ▼ Full browser ▲ Neutral density filter Neutral density filter Neutral Density Filter Wheel Neutral Density Profile Neutral Detergent Fiber Neutral Detergent Fiber Digestion Neutral Detergent Insoluble Crude Protein Neutral Detergent Insoluble Nitrogen Neutral Detergent Insoluble Protein Neutral Displacement Relay neutral douche Neutral Drive Neutral Earthing Resistor Neutral element Neutral element neutral elements neutral endopeptidase neutral endopeptidase neutral equilibrium neutral equilibrium neutral estuary Neutral Evil neutral fiber Neutral File Neutral File Format neutral filter neutral flame Neutral Functional Differential Equation Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer Neutral geometry Neutral Good Neutral grain spirit Neutral grain spirit neutral granulation neutral ground neutral ground Neutral Ground Resistor Neutral hedge neutral hedge ratio Neutral Hedge Ratios Neutral Hedges Neutral hydrogen neutral hypnosis Neutral Independent Humanitarian Action Neutral Indian Neutral Indians Neutral Interconnect Neutral Interfaces for Robotics Neutral International Force Neutral Internet eXchange neutral interstitial collagenase ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"neutral fat"
] |
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Nurse+manager
|
nurse manager Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Encyclopedia nurse manager See head nurse Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . clinical nurse manager A nurse in the UK who is responsible for two or more wards , a department — e.g. , surgical or medical diagnostics imaging — in hospital , an entire directorate . Depending on the role they shoulder , clinical nurse managers are often less involved in clinical nursing and more involved management on a level . Clinical managers are usually at pay band 8a , but up to 8b / 8c which corresponds to H grade under Whitley system , which was officially retired with Agenda for Change system but may still be used working parlance . The term shouldering this role may differ regionally , with some regions preferring lead nurse . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . A responsible unit hospital , nursing home , ambulatory care setting . The manager supervises staff performance and patient care . See also : Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / nurse + manager " > nurse manager < / a > Mentioned in American Organization of Nurse Executives CEN certified nurse administrator clinical nurse manager CNM director of nursing district head nurse lead nurse OCN report special nurse specialist nurse staff supervisor Medical browser ▲ numnah Numorphan Nun Study nunnation NUP NUP98 Nupercainal Nuprin Nuremberg Nuremberg Code Nuremberg tribunal NURF Nurofen nurse anesthetist nurse cell nurse clinician nurse coordinator Nurse Corps nurse educator nurse endoscopist nurse epidemiologist Nurse Healer ' s Professional Association nurse hierarchy nurse independent prescriber nurse midwife nurse navigator nurse practice act nurse practitioner Nurse Reinvestment Act nurse specialist nurse supply estimate Nurse , Sir Paul M . nurse - anaesthetist nurse - client interaction nurse - client relationship nurse - led care nurse - led discharge nurse - led disease management nursemaid ' s elbow nurse - midwife nurse - midwifery nurse - patient ratio nurse - prescribing nursery nursery diarrhea nurse ' s aide Nurses ' Association of the American College of Obstetrics Nurses ' Association of the College of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nurses ' Coalition for Action in Politics ▼ Full browser ▲ Nurse Fellow of the European Society of Cardiology nurse graft Nurse Healer ' s Professional Association Nurse Healers - Professional Associates International Nurse Healers Professional Association Nurse Health Coach Certification Board nurse her along nurse her back to health nurse her drink nurse her through nurse hierarchy nurse him along nurse him back to health nurse him through nurse his drink Nurse Home Visitor Nurse in Charge Nurse in Washington Internship nurse independent prescriber Nurse Intern Program Nurse Knowledge Exchange nurse lead Nurse Leadership Institute nurse liaison Nurse Licensure Compact Nurse Licensure Compact Administrator Nurse Licensure Compact Administrators Nurse Life Care Planner nurse log nurse log Nurse Mayinga nurse me along nurse me back to health nurse me through Nurse midwife Nurse midwife Nurse Midwives nurse my drink nurse navigator Nurse Nutritionist Certification Board Nurse Of the Day Nurse on Duty Nurse Oncology Education Program nurse our drink nurse our drinks nurse practice act nurse practice acts nurse practice acts Nurse Practicing Act and Nursing Peer Review Act of 1999 nurse practitioner Nurse Practitioner Alternatives , Inc . ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"nurse manager",
"Dictionary"
] |
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/OLS+Regression
|
regression analysis ( redirected from OLS Regression Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Financial Encyclopedia re · gres · sion a · nal · y · sis the statistical method of finding the " best " mathematical model to describe one variable as a function of another . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 re · gres · sion a · nal · y · sis rĕ - greshŭn ă - nali - sis The statistical method finding " best " mathematic model to describe one variable as a function another . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 regression analysis ( in statistics ) test in which size ( the dependent variable ) is dependent on another ( the independent variable ) . Often relationship is linear one , enabling line best fit be drawn on SCATTER DIAGRAM Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 rĕ - greshŭn ă - nali - sis The mathematic Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 regression analysis , n correlation for computing most probable value variable , y , from known value another variable , x ; for computing amount change in unit change It spoken regression x y and notated r xy Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . analysis separation into component parts . cohort analysis separation each two cohorts into component parts and comparing results . current performed contemporary data . discriminant form multivariate which objective establish discriminate function . ( typically mathematical formula ) discriminates between individuals population allocates each them group within population . established basis series measurements or observations made individuals . economic evaluation costs benefits commercial enterprise that takes account additional returns , returns no longer obtained , additional costs no longer incurred , discounting gains back time when project began , opportunity relating potential profitability from alternative use investment . factor multivariate technique analyzes underlying structure set data . It useful explaining observed relationships amongst large number variables terms simpler relations . guaranteed declares range within nutrients occur manufactured animal food . techniques study simultaneous variation number variables . Includes linear discriminant functions , cluster factor principal analysis . path technique testing limited causal hypotheses , causal relationships between variables , by manipulation or more variables predicting outcome . qualitative determination nature constituents compound mixture . quantitative determination proportionate quantities constituents compound mixture . regression general that analyzes relationship ( criterion ) set independent ( predictor ) variables . systems interaction system , e.g . biological system , often purpose analyzing differences systems . See also system variance comparing by partitioning variance observations effects different it with underlying random variation . vector moving force determine both its magnitude its direction , e.g . scalar electrocardiogram determine magnitude direction electromotive force complete cycle heart . 1 . return former earlier state . 2 . subsidence clinical signs disease process . 3 . biology , tendency successive generations toward mean . 4 . pairs random variables ; mean location influenced variable . see coefficient determines slope line ; greater coefficient steeper line . curvilinear when two not linear . straight line . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / OLS + Regression " > regression analysis < / a > Mentioned in AA amyloidosis AL amyloidosis amyloidosis analysis of variance ANCOVA androgen deficiency animal model BPSMC design discriminant analysis experimental design least squares linear regression linear regression analysis LRA mathematical determinant mathematical model Medical browser ▲ Ollier graft Ollier layer Ollier theory Ollier , Louis Xavier Edouard Ollier , Louis Xavier Edouard Leopold Ollier ' s disease Ollier ' s dyschondroplasia Ollulanus OLM olmesartan olmesartan medoxomil Olmetec Olmsted Olmsted syndrome Olmsted , H.C . Olmsted ' s syndrome olodaterol ology - ology - olol ololiuqui olonoscope olopatadine olophonia OLR1 OLS Regression olsalazine olsalazine sodium Olsen - Hegar needle holder Olshausen , Robert von olshausen ’ s operation Olshevsky , Dimitry E . Olszewski Olszewski , Jerzy - olus Olux ViaFoam Olympian olympian forehead Olympic Brow Olympic Lift Olympics OM oma - oma oma - omacetaxine OMAGOD omagra Omaha System omalgia omalizumab ▼ Full browser ▲ OLQE OLQFP OLQH OLQM OLQP OLQR OLR OLR OLR1 OLRA OLRB OLRC OLRCB OLRDB OLREA OLRF OLRG OLRH OLRL OLRN OLRP OLRPG OLRR OLRS OLRT OLRT system OLRV OLRWP Ols Olsa OLSAF Olsalazine Olsalazine Olsalazine sodium Olsalazine sodium OLSAS Olsat OLSB OLSC OLSCC OLSCP OLSD Olse Olsen Ölsen Olsen & Associates Olsen ductility test Olsen Involtini Olsen Involtini Olsen , Jimmy Olsen , John Charles Olsen , Kenneth Olsen - Hegar needle holder OLSET OLSF OLSG OLSH Olshana Olshanskoe ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"regression analysis"
] |
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/PICO
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PICO Also found in : Acronyms Encyclopedia Wikipedia PICO pī ' kō An acronym used in formulating patient - centered questions . What is the P atient , P opulation , or roblem ? Which I ntervention is being considered ? What C omparator to this intervention will be used ? O utcome will be measured ? Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 PICO , n acronym for diagnostic questions based on these four areas of knowledge and action : atient or problem ; I ntervention , cause , prognosis ; C omparison control ; and O utcome . This evidence - based method designed to make a valid , successful decision based on the skills knowledge of clinician , values patient , best available evidence . Picornaviridae n one major ribonucleic acid virus families , which polio - , rhino - , entero - , hepatitis A viruses belong . Viruses in this family have a single - stranded , nonsegmented , linear molecular structure with icosahedral symmetry . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : Facebook Twitter Mentioned in Enterovirus Infections enteroviruses International System of Units measurement metric system micromicro - peak pico - picornavirus SI SI units Système International d ' Unités Medical browser ▲ Pick Up Sticks Pattern Pick , Arnold Pick , Friedel Pick , Ludwig picker ' s nodules picket fence fever picking out Pickles Pickles chart Pickles , William pickling pickling solution pickoma Pick ' s atrophy Pick ' s cell Pick ' s disease Pick ' s tubular adenoma pickup pickup impression Pickwick syndrome pickwickian syndrome Pickworth Pickworth method Pickworth , F.A . picloram PICO pico - picobirnaviruses picocurie picogram picokatal Picola virus picolinic acid picolinuric acid picometer picomole picoplankton Picornaviridae picornavirus Picorrhiza kurroa picosecond picr ( o ) - picramic acid picrate picric acid picro - picrocarmine picrocarmine stain picroformol fixative picro - Mallory trichrome stain picronigrosin stain ▼ Full browser ▲ picnic shoulder Picnicing Picnicing picnicked picnicked picnicker picnicker picnickers picnickers picnicking picnicking picnicky picnicky picnics picnics picnostyle picnostyle Pico ( disambiguation ) Pico ( disambiguation ) Pico Area Wireless Network Pico Coulomb Pico d ' Aneto Pico d ' Aneto Pico da Teide Pico da Teide Pico de Aneto Pico de Aneto Pico de gallo Pico de Orizaba Pico de Orizaba Pico de Teide Pico de Teide Pico del Aneto Pico del Aneto Pico del Teide Pico del Teide Pico della Mirandola Pico della Mirandola Pico della Mirandola Giovanni Pico Della Mirandola , Giovanni Pico Della Mirandola , Giovanni , Conte Pico Flujo Nasal Inspiratorio Pico Liter Pico Projection Media Player Pico Rivera Pico Rivera Pico Rivera , California ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"PICO",
"Dictionary"
] |
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/PIV
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smart card ( redirected from PIV Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Acronyms Encyclopedia Wikipedia An updatable credit card - sized card with embedded integrated circuits that can receive input processed — via ICC applications — and deliver it as output Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . smart card smartcard ( smart kard ) A plastic card , resembling a credit or debit card , that can provide identification , authentication , data storage , and other applications , such as a health insurance card on which the critical details of person ' s health history are encoded . Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : Mentioned in electronic smart health cards Msc serum sickness smartcard Medical browser ▲ Pituitary Tumor Pituitary Tumors pituitary type pituitous pituitrin pituri pitury pityriasic pityriasis pityriasis alba pityriasis alba atrophicans pityriasis lichenoides pityriasis lichenoides chronica pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis , acuta pityriasis linguae pityriasis maculata pityriasis nigra pityriasis rosea pityriasis rubra pilaris pityriasis versicolor pityroid Pityrosporon Pityrosporum Pityrosporum ovale PIV pivalate pivamdinocillin pivampicillin PIVKA pivmecillinam pivot pivot joint pivot shift test pivot transfer pivot , adjustable occlusal pivot , occlusal pivotal pivoters pivoting pixel pixel resolution pixels Pixely PIXI densitometer pizotifen PiZZ Pizza Pie Appearance pizzle PJ interval PJC ▼ Full browser ▲ Pius VI Pius VI Pius VII Pius VII Pius X Pius X Pius X Secular Institute Pius X , Saint Pius X , Saint Pius XI Pius XI Pius XII Pius XII PIUT PIUtA Piute Piute Piute County Piute County , UT Piute County , Utah Piute State Park Piutes Piutes PIV2 PIV3 Piva PIVAC PIVADS Pivalate Pivalic acid pivamdinocillin Pivampicillin Pivan PIVATS PIVC PIVCDW PIVD Pivdennoe Pivdennyi Buh PIVH PIVIT Pivka Pivka PIVKA - II pivmecillinam PIVMS PIVO PIVOMS pivot ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"smart card",
"ICC applications"
] |
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Patacones
|
plantain ( redirected from Patacones Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia plantain ( 1 ) A perennial herb , the seeds of which contain alkaloids , glycosides , mucilage , silica and tannins . Plantains are anti - hypertensive , anti - inflammatory , diuretic and expectorant . Chinese medicine Plantain is used for dysuria , ocular pain , urinary tract infections , poor vision problems of childbirth . Herbal medicine Western herbal medicine , plantains are used internally as bulk laxatives , for bronchitis , cystitis , diarrhoea , fungal infections , haemorrhoids , hepatitis , neuralgias urinary tract topically cuts , stings , bites , tumours varicose veins . ( 2 ) Psyllium , see there ; Plantago psyllium . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . plantain , n Latin names : Plantago lanceolata , major , ovata , psyllium parts used : husks , leaves , seeds ; uses : bulking laxative , cough , conditions , diarrhea , antiinflammatory ; precautions : pregnancy , lactation , children , carbamazepine , cardiac medications , lithium . Also called blond plantago , broadleaf plantain , buckhorn , cart plant , common English flea seed , French psyllium , greater Indian plantago , lanten , narrowleaf plantago seed , ribwort , ripple grass , snakeweed , Spanish psyllium , plant , way - bread , white man ' s foot , wild or wild saso Please note that this is not the same as starchy type banana same name . See also blonde psyllium Jonas : Mosby ' s Dictionary of Complementary and Alternative Medicine . ( c ) 2005 , Elsevier . two plant species called by this common name . See plantago varia Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Patacones " > plantain < / a > Facebook Twitter Mentioned in 5 - hydroxyindoleacetic acid alisma allergic rhinitis anemophily carbamazepine contact dermatitis Dental Trauma Musaceae musophagid overactive bladder perennial Plantago lanceolata Plantago major Plantago ovata Plantago psyllium plantago seed plantain - eaters proctitis Medical browser ▲ pasteurism pasteurization pasteurize pasteurized donor breast milk pasteurized milk Pasteurized Milk Ordinance ( PMO ) pasteurizer Pastia Pastia lines Pastia sign Pastia , Constantin Chessec Pastia ' s lines pastil pastille pastille radiometer Pastinaca sativa pastoral pastoral counseling pastoral counseling department past - pointing pasture pasturing pasveer process PAT pat . Patacones patagiectomy patagium Patanol patas monkey Patau Patau syndrome Patau , Klaus Patau ' s syndrome patch patch clamping patch test patching patchy anesthetic block patchy atelectasis patchy infiltrate patefaction Patein Patein albumin Patein , G . patek patella patella alta patella baja Patella , Vincenzo patellapexy ▼ Full browser ▲ Pat . Off Pat . Off . Pat . pend . Pat . pend . Pat . pending PAT133 pAT744 Pata Pata Patá en La Raja PATA / EIDE PATA / IDE PATA / SATA specifications PATA / SATA specifications PATAC pataca pataca Pataça Pataça patacas patacas Patache Pataco Pataco Patacoon Patada de Chuck Norris PATAFA PATAGACLORA patagia patagia patagial patagial patagiectomy Patagioenas fasciata patagium Patagones Patagonia Patagonia Patagonia Lake State Park Patagonia Lake State Park Patagonia - Andean Subregion Patagonian Patagonian Patagonian Andes Patagonian cavy Patagonian Desert Patagonian hare Patagonian Large Marine Ecosystem Patagonian Mara ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"plantain"
] |
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Pentazemin
|
benzodiazepine ( redirected from Pentazemin Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia benzodiazepine ben ″ zo - di - az ĕ - pēn any of a group of drugs having a common molecular structure and similar pharmacological activities , including antianxiety , muscle relaxing , and sedative hypnotic effects . The group includes the sedative - hypnotics chlordiazepoxide librium clorazepate tranxene diazepam valium flurazepam dalmane oxazepam serax which are used as antianxiety agents clonazepam klonopin an anticonvulsant Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ben · zo · di · az · e · pine ben ' zō - dī - az ' ĕ - pēn ) , 1 . Parent compound for the synthesis number psychoactive compounds ( for example , diazepam , chlordiazepoxide ) . 2 . A class compounds with antianxiety , hypnotic , anticonvulsant , skeletal muscle relaxant properties . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / ben · zo · di · az · e · pine / ben ″ zo - di - az ĕ - pēn any having common molecular structure similar pharmacological activities , including relaxing , sedative hypnotic effects . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( bĕn ′ zō - dī - ăz ′ ə - pēn ′ , - pĭn ) n . Any chemical with effects , used as antianxiety agents , relaxants , sedatives , hypnotics , sometimes anticonvulsants . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . A class widely prescribed often overdosed sedative - hypnotics . Effects Sedation , hypnosis , reduced motor activity , relaxation , anxiolytic , anticonvulsive . Adverse effects Physical psychological dependence . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . Pharmacology widely prescribed often overdosed sedative - hypnotics Effects Sedation , hypnotic , ↓ activity , relaxation , anxiolytic , anticonvulsant Adverse effects Physical psychological dependence McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . ben · zo · di · az · e · pine ben ' zō - dī - az ' ĕ - pēn 1 . Parent compound for synthesis number psychoactive ( e.g. , diazepam , chlordiazepoxide ) . 2 . anticonvulsant , skeletal relaxant properties . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 Benzodiazepine drugs that have action , mainly tranquilizers to control symptoms anxiety . Mentioned in : Phobias Post - Traumatic Stress Disorder Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . parent several ( e.g . nitrazepam , temazepam diazepam ) anxiolytics , sedatives hypnotics ; they do not specifically contraindicate local anaesthetics , but they can cause drowsiness , ataxia , dysarthria impaired consciousness , their concomitant use could mask early signs toxic local anaesthetics Illustrated Dictionary of Podiatry and Foot Science by Jean Mooney © 2009 Elsevier Limited . All rights reserved . ben · zo · di · az · e · pine Class Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 benzodiazepine ( ben zōdīaz əpēn ) n drug to decrease emotional stress , lessen anxiety , bring about sleep . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . structure . drug in this that has significant use in veterinary medicine is diazepam ( Valium ) . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Pentazemin " > benzodiazepine < / a > Mentioned in adjunct to anesthesia agoraphobia alcohol withdrawal syndrome alprazolam Anexate Anne Sexton Ansial antianxiety antianxiety agent antianxiety drug Antianxiety Drugs anxiety Anxiolan Ativan benzo - benzodiazepam benzodiazepine derivative benzodiazepine drugs benzodiazepine receptor Medical browser ▲ pentamidine pentamidine isethionate pentamidine isoethionate pentamidine / pentamidine isethio - nate pentane pentapeptide pentapiperium methylsulfate pentaploid pentaploidy pentaquine Pentasa pentasomy pentastarch Pentastoma Pentastoma denticulatum pentastome pentastomiasis pentastomid Pentastomida pentastomidiasis Pentathlon pentatomic Pentatrichomonas Pentatrichomonas hominis pentavalent Pentazemin pentazocine pentazocine HCl / pentazocine lac - tate pentazocine hydrochloride pentazocine lactate Pentecostal Healing pentetate pentetate trisodium calcium pentetic acid Penthrane pentitol pentobarbital pentobarbital sodium pentobarbital / pentobarbital sodium pentobarbitone pentolinium tartrate penton pentosan pentosan polysulfate pentosan polysulfate sodium pentosans pentosazon pentose pentose nucleotide pentose phosphate pathway pentose sugar ▼ Full browser ▲ Pentatrichomonas hominis Pentatrichomonas hominis ( syn . Trichomonas hominis , T . intestinalis ) pentavalence pentavalency pentavalent Pentavalent Antimony pentavalent antimony compounds pentavalent antimony compounds Pentavalent carbon Pentavalent carbon pentavalent gas gangrene antitoxin pentavalent organic arsenicals pentavalent organic arsenicals pentavalently pentavalently Pentavalents Pentavalents Pentax Discuss Mail List Pentax Users Gallery pentazocine pentazocine HCl / pentazocine lac - tate pentazocine hydrochloride pentazocine hydrochloride and acetaminophen pentazocine hydrochloride and naloxone hydrochloride Pentazocine lactate Pentazocine lactate PENTB Penteconter Pentecost Pentecost Pentecost ( Jewish Feast ) Pentecost ( Jewish Feast ) Pentecost International Worship Center Pentecost Monday Pentecost Social Services Pentecost Sunday Pentecost Sunday Pentecostal Pentecostal Pentecostal and Charismatic Research Association Pentecostal Assemblies of Canada Pentecostal Assemblies Of God Pentecostal Assemblies of Jesus Christ Pentecostal Assemblies of Newfoundland & Labrador Pentecostal Assemblies of the West Indies International ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"benzodiazepine",
"Dictionary"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Perineal+area
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Perineal area Perineal area The genital area between the vulva and anus in a woman , and between the scrotum anus in a man . Mentioned in : Urinary Catheterization Urinary Incontinence Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Perineal + area " > Perineal area < / a > Mentioned in acute bacterial prostatitis acute childhood leukemia artificial labor augmented labor bed bath blood in urine CBP cervical smear childbirth cradle Culture , Bacterial , Urine Dopram doxapram hydrochloride episiotomy female catheterization full bath hip bath imperforate anus Kegel exercises Medical browser ▲ perimysiitis perimysium perimysium internum perinatal perinatal AIDS perinatal asphyxia perinatal asphyxial encephalopathy perinatal death Perinatal Infection perinatal mortality perinatal mortality rate perinatal period perinatal physiology perinatal programming perinatal substance exposure perinatal torsion perinatal transmission perinatal violence perinate perinatologic perinatologist perinatology perindopril perindopril erbumine perineal perineal artery perineal body perineal branches of posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh perineal care perineal dislocation perineal douche perineal fascia perineal hernia perineal hypospadias perineal lithotomy perineal membrane perineal muscles perineal nerve perineal nerves perineal pad perineal pearl perineal prostatectomy perineal raphe perineal region perineal section perineal space perineal sponge perineal testis perineal urethrostomy perineo - ▼ Full browser ▲ perinatally perinatally Perinatally Acquired HIV Disease Perinatally Lethal Renal Disease perinate perinatologic perinatological perinatologist perinatologists perinatologists perinatology Perindopril Perindopril erbumine Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study Perindopril Therapeutic Safety Study PERINE perinea perinea perineal perineal artery Perineal body Perineal body perineal branches of posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh Perineal branches of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve perineal care perineal cascade perineal cascade perineal center perineal center perineal dislocation perineal douche perineal fascia ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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"Perineal area",
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Personality+Disorders
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personality disorders Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Encyclopedia Related to personality disorders : borderline personality disorder histrionic personality disorder sociopath Narcissistic personality disorder Personality Disorders Definition Personality disorders are a group of mental disturbances defined by the fourth edition , text revision ( 2000 ) of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Mental Disorders ( DSM - IV ) as " enduring pattern [ s ] inner experience and behavior " that are sufficiently rigid deep - seated to bring a person into repeated conflicts with his or her social occupational environment . DSM - IV specifies that these dysfunctional patterns must be regarded as nonconforming or deviant by person ' s culture , cause significant emotional pain and / or difficulties in relationships occupational performance . In addition , patient usually sees disorder being consistent with his her self - image ( ego - syntonic ) may blame others for social , educational , work - related problems . Description To meet diagnosis personality disorder , which is sometimes called character disorder , patient ' s problematic behaviors must appear in two more following areas : perception interpretation self other people intensity duration feelings their appropriateness to situations relationships others ability control impulses Personality disorders have their onset late adolescence early adulthood . Doctors rarely give diagnosis personality disorder children on grounds children ' s personalities still process formation may change considerably time they late teens . In retrospect , however , many individuals could be judged have shown evidence problems childhood . It is difficult give close estimates percentage population has disorders . Patients certain disorders , including antisocial borderline disorders , more likely get into trouble law otherwise attract attention than patients whose chiefly affect capacity for intimacy . On other hand , some patients , such those narcissistic obsessive - compulsive outwardly successful because symptoms useful within particular occupations . It has , however , been estimated about 15 % general population United States has higher rates poor troubled neighborhoods . The rate among patients psychiatric treatment between 30 % 50 % . possible so - called dual diagnosis ; example , they than one together substance - abuse problem . By contrast , DSM - IV classifies three clusters based on symptom similarities : Cluster A ( paranoid , schizoid , schizotypal ) : Patients appear odd eccentric others . Cluster B ( antisocial , borderline , histrionic , narcissistic ) : overly emotional , unstable , self - dramatizing others . C ( avoidant , dependent , obsessive - compulsive ) : tense anxiety - ridden The clustering system does not mean all can fitted neatly one three clusters . possible symptoms from different clusters . Some psychiatrists maintain classification inadequate should expanded include additional categories : passive - aggressive characterized need control punish through frustrating them sabotaging plans ; cyclothymic characterized intense mood swings alternating between high spirits moroseness gloom ; depressive negative pessimistic approach life . Since criteria include friction conflict patient social environment , these syndromes open redefinition societies change . Successive editions DSM tried sensitive cultural differences , including changes over time , when defining disorders . One category had been proposed DSM - III - R self - defeating was excluded from grounds its definition reflected prejudice against women . recommends doctors take patient ' s background , especially recent immigration , account before deciding he she disorder . One criticism made general category it based Western notions individual uniqueness . Its applicability people cultures different definitions human personhood thus open question . Furthermore , even within culture , it can difficult define limits " normalcy . " defined follows : Paranoid paranoid suspiciousness belief out harm cheat them . They problems intimacy join cults groups paranoid belief systems . Some litigious , bringing lawsuits against those believe wronged them . Although not ordinarily delusional , develop psychotic under severe stress estimated 0.5 - 2.5 % meet criteria disorder . Schizoid Schizoid perceived " loners " without close family contacts . Indeed , aloof really do prefer alone . They cold because rarely display strong emotions . may , successful occupations do require personal interaction . About 2 % this slightly common men women . Schizotypal diagnosed schizotypal often considered odd eccentric pay little attention clothing sometimes peculiar speech mannerisms . socially isolated uncomfortable parties gatherings . addition , schizotypal often oddities thought , " magical " beliefs peculiar ideas ( for example , telepathy UFOs ) outside cultural norms . thought 3 % slightly common males . Schizotypal should confused schizophrenia although there some evidence genetically related . Antisocial antisocial referred sociopaths psychopaths . lying , manipulativeness , selfish disregard rights others ; act impulsively . People frequently chemically dependent sexually promiscuous . 3 % males 1 % females Borderline borderline ( BPD ) highly unstable , wide mood swings , history intense but stormy relationships , impulsive behavior , confusion about career goals , personal values , sexual orientation . These highly conflictual ideas correspond an even deeper confusion sense self ( identity ) . People BPD frequently cut burn themselves , threaten attempt suicide Many histories severe childhood abuse neglect . About 2 % BPD ; 75 % female . Histrionic diagnosed this impress overly emotional , dramatic , hungry attention . flirtatious seductive way drawing themselves , yet emotionally shallow . Histrionic live romantic fantasy world easily bored routine . 2 - 3 % thought Although historically associated womenin clinical settings , there bias toward diagnosing women histrionic Narcissistic Narcissistic self - importance , craving admiration , exploitative attitudes toward unrealistically inflated views talents accomplishments , become extremely angry if criticized outshone Narcissists professionally but long - lasting intimate relationships . Fewer 1 % disorder ; 75 % male . Avoidant avoidant fearful rejection shy away situations occupations might expose supposed inadequacy . reject opportunities develop fears criticism humiliation . dependent well . Many also fit phobia . Between 0.5 - 1.0 % avoidant Dependent Dependent afraid being own typically submissive compliant behaviors order avoid displeasing people . afraid question authority ask guidance direction . women , suggested finding reflects pressures women conform gender stereotyping bias part clinicians . Obsessive - compulsive preoccupied keeping order , attaining perfection , maintaining mental interpersonal control . spend great deal time adhering plans , schedules , rules which will deviate , at expense openness , flexibility , efficiency . These unable relax become " workaholics . " employment well intimate very stiff formal , insist doing everything way . obsessive - compulsive disorder ; male / female ratio 2 : 1 . Causes and symptoms result bad interface , so speak , child ' s temperament character hand family environment other . Temperament person ' s innate biologically shaped basic disposition . Human infants vary sensitivity light noise , level physical activity , adaptability schedules , similar traits . Even such traits shyness novelty - seeking at least part determined biology brain genes inherits . Character set attitudes behavior patterns individual acquires learns over time . includes qualities work study habits , moral convictions , neatness cleanliness , consideration Since children learn adapt specific families , course struggling survive psychologically disturbed stressful families . For nervous high - strung parents might unhappy baby who very active try restrain him every opportunity . child then an outcome coping constant frustration parental disapproval . As another child abuse believed play role shaping reason therapists use term developmental damage instead takes presumed source account . come families stable healthy . suggested biologically hypersensitive normal stress levels . Levels brain chemical ( neurotransmitter ) dopamine influence level novelty - seeking , serotonin levels influence aggression . Other factors cited affecting children ' s development mass media group hysteria particularly after events September 11 , 2001 . Cases so - called mass sociogenic illness identified , began vomit physical brought response imaginary threat . two cases , were reacting suggestion toxic fumes were spreading through school . authors believe frequent age - inappropriate discussions terrorist attacks bioterrorism make susceptible sociogenic illness well distortions personality . Diagnosis Diagnosis complicated fact affected persons seek help until serious trouble until families ( or law ) pressure them get treatment . reason slowness problematic traits so deeply entrenched seem normal ( ego - syntonic ) patient . depends age . originate during childhood years , considered adult patients , fact , life had modified demands job marriage . After retirement spouse ' s death patients ' fully apparent . general , if onset problem mid - late - life , doctor will rule out substance abuse change caused medical neurological before considering unusual " out blue " mid - life . There no tests provide definitive Most doctors evaluate basis several sources information collected period order determine how long having difficulties , how many areas life affected , dysfunction is . sources information include : Interviews doctor schedule interviews patient , spaced several weeks months , rule adjustment caused job loss , bereavement similar problem . An office interview allows form impression overall obtain occupation family . During interview , note appearance , tone voice , body language , eye contact , important non - verbal signals , content conversation . cases , contact ( family members , employers , friends ) who know assess accuracy perception difficulties . quite distorted views unaware impact behavior Psychologic testing Doctors use psychologic testing help Most tests require interpretation professional specialized training . usually refer clinical psychologist type test . PERSONALITY INVENTORIES . inventories true / false yes / no answers used compare scores known distortions . single most commonly used test type Minnesota Multiphasic Inventory , MMPI . Another test Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory , MCMI . PROJECTIVE TESTS . Projective unstructured . Unstructured means instead giving one - word answers questions , asked talk length picture psychologist shown him her , supply ending beginning story . Projective allow clinician assess thinking , fantasies , worries anxieties , moral concerns , values , habits . Common projective Rorschach , responds set ten inkblots ; Thematic Apperception Test ( TAT ) , drawings then tells story picture . Treatment At psychiatrists did respond treatment . This opinion was derived notion human fixed once molded childhood , among own correct , ones fault . More recently , recognized humans continue grow throughout life . now treatable , although degree improvement vary . treatment recommended depends characteristics associated specific Hospitalization Inpatient required major exceptions : threatening suicide suffering drug alcohol withdrawal ; having psychotic symptoms . Psychotherapy Psychoanalytic psychotherapy benefit insight - oriented typically dependent , obsessive - compulsive , recommend psychotherapy narcissistic refer therapists specialized training Psychotherapeutic take long five years . Insight - oriented approaches recommended likely resent therapist see trying dominate Supportive therapy regarded most helpful form schizoid Cognitive - behavioral therapy Cognitive - behavioral approaches groups mistaken beliefs competence likableness . assumptions successfully challenged cognitive - behavioral methods . More recently , Aaron Beck coworkers successfully extended approach cognitive therapy all ten DSM - IV . Group therapy Group therapy useful schizoid helps break isolation . also histrionic tend act out , pressure peers motivate change . Because destabilize best exclusively APD ( in homogeneous groups ) . Family therapy Family therapy whose cause serious members families . overinvolved possessive Medications Medications prescribed medication general , helped only moderately medications . ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS . Antipsychotic drugs , haloperidol ( Haldol ) , given brief episodes . given antipsychotic drugs low doses ; efficacy drugs treating less clear schizophrenia . MOOD STABILIZERS . Carbamazepine ( Tegretol ) drug commonly treat seizures , helpful rage outbursts behavioral problems . Lithium valproate stabilizers , especially ANTIDEPRESSANTS AND ANTI - ANXIETY MEDICATIONS . categories prescribed manage anxiety while psychotherapy . Antidepressants treat Treatment medications avoidant , histrionic , potentially addictive medications avoided However , phobia benefit monoamine oxidase inhibitors ( MAO inhibitors ) , particular class antidepressant . Prognosis prognosis recovery improve grow older positive experiences life , generally life - long disturbances periods worsening ( exacerbations ) periods improvement ( remissions ) . Others , particularly better prognoses appropriate Beck coworkers estimate effective cognitive takes years average . risk developing delusional schizophrenia . poorest prognoses borderline . Borderline high risk developing substance bulimia . 80 % hospitalized attempt point during treatment , 5 % succeed committing suicide . sue health professional malpractice . Prevention effective preventive strategy early identification risk . High - risk abused children , troubled families , relatives abusers , up cults extremist political groups . Key terms Character An individual ' s cognitive , behavioral learned accumulated time . Character disorder Another name Cognitive therapy A focuses changing people ' s emotional reaction correcting distorted thinking perception . Developmental damage term prefer respectful capacity growth Ego - syntonic Consistent one ' s sense self , opposed ego - alien dystonic ( foreign one ' s self ) . Ego - syntonic typify Neuroleptic name older antipsychotic medications , haloperidol . does apply newer atypical agents clozapine ( Clozaril ) . organized pattern makes distinctive . formed ongoing interaction temperament , character , environment . Projective tests Psychological probe obtaining open - ended responses materials pictures stories . evaluate Rorschach test well - known projective requires describe what he she sees each 10 inkblots . named Swiss psychiatrist invented it . Temperament natural genetically determined disposition . Resources Books American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic Statistical Manual Mental Disorders 4th ed . , revised . Washington , D.C. : American Psychiatric Association , 2000 . Beck , Aaron T . , Arthur Freeman , Denise D . Davis , et al . Cognitive Therapy 2nd ed . New York : Guilford Press , 2004 . Beers , Mark H . , MD , Robert Berkow , MD . , editors . " Personality Disorders . " Merck Therapy Whitehouse Station , NJ : Merck Research Laboratories , 2004 . Periodicals Battle , C . L . , M . T . Shea , D . M . Johnson , et al . " Childhood Maltreatment Associated Adult Disorders : Findings Collaborative Longitudinal Study . " Journal 18 ( April 2004 ) : 193 - 211 . Bienenfeld , David , MD . " Personality Disorders . " eMedicine August 18 , http : / / www . emedicine . com / med / topic3472 . htm Doyle , C . R . , J . Akhtar , R . Mrvos , E . P . Krenzelok . " Mass Sociogenic Illness — Real Imaginary . " Veterinary Human Toxicology 46 ( April 2004 ) : 93 - 95 . Gutheil , T . G . " Suicide , Suicide Litigation , Disorder . " Journal 18 ( June 248 - 256 . Jordan , A . " The Role Media Children ' s Development : Ecological Perspective . " Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics 25 ( June 196 - 206 . Organizations Academy Child Adolescent Psychiatry ( AACAP ) . 3615 Wisconsin Avenue , NW , Washington , DC 20016 - 3007 . ( 202 ) 966 - 7300 . Fax : ( 202 ) 966 - 2891 . http : / / www . aacap . org Association ( APA ) . 1400 K Street , NW , DC 20005 . http : / / www . psych . org National Institute Health ( NIMH ) . 6001 Executive Boulevard , Room 8184 , MSC 9663 , Bethesda , MD 20892 - 9663 . ( 301 ) 443 - 4513 . http : / / www . nimh . nih . gov Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . per ″ sŭ - nal ĭ - te characteristic way person thinks , feels , behaves ; relatively stable predictable behavior ; includes conscious attitudes , styles unconscious conflicts defense mechanisms . simple features abnormal personalities . types categories applicable both abnormal personalities ; belong coherent typology , introvert / extrovert oral / anal / phallic . Early Life newborn comes world completely satisfying basic needs . Feelings security relationship mother , adequate substitute , cornerstone health later years . As develop , need learn day - to - day life , master resolving challenges , chooses solutions possibilities . Psychologists studied choices made technical terms describe them , repression sublimation . chosen result certain child ' s meeting world — whether child lead follow , conscientious reckless , imitate parents possible , realistic , flexible path extremes . sum total represents personality . Well - Adjusted well - adjusted adapts surroundings .
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"personality disorders",
"Definition"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Phases+of+wound+healing
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wound healing ( redirected from Phases of wound healing healing hēl ing 1 . the process of returning to health ; the restoration of structure and function injured or diseased tissues . The healing processes include blood clotting , tissue mending , scarring , and bone healing . See also wound healing 2 . process helping someone return to health ; compassion by a health care provider is part this . Authentic perception experience illness in particular person is essential basis . by first intention primary intention in which restoration continuity occurs directly fibrous adhesion , without formation granulation tissue ; it results a thin scar . Healing primary , or first intention . In primary wound there no tissue loss . A , Incised wound held together blood clot possibly sutures surgical clamps . An inflammatory begins adjacent at moment injury . B , After several days , granulation forms as result migration fibroblasts area injury formation new capillaries . Epithelial cells at margin migrate clot seal wound . Regenerating epithelium covers wound . C , Scarring occurs as matures injured replaced with connective tissue . second union adhesion granulating surfaces , when edges are far apart can not be brought together . Granulations form from base sides toward surface . Healing second when there loss , extensive burns deep ulcers . The more prolonged than because large amounts dead must be removed replaced with viable cells . A , Open area more extensive ; inflammatory reaction widespread tends become chronic . B , may occur under scab formed dried exudate , dried plasma proteins dead cells ( eschar ) . C , Fibroblasts capillary buds migrate toward center would form tissue , which becomes translucent red color capillary network develops . Granulation fragile bleeds easily . D , As matures , marginal epithelial proliferate over connective base scar . Contraction skin around scar result movement epithelial center an attempt close defect . Surrounding skin moves an effort close defect . third 1 . gradual filling cavity granulations cicatrix . 2 . delayed primary closure see wo̳nd injury damage , usually restricted those caused physical means disruption normal continuity structures . Called also trauma blowing open pneumothorax contused one unbroken . drain any device channel open may established for exit material from cavity . See integrity tissues replacement viable tissue ; this starts immediately after injury , continue for months years , essentially same all types wounds . Variations are differences location , severity wound , extent tissues , age , nutritional status , general state health patient , available body reserves resources regeneration . repair damaged takes place regeneration structures proliferation similar cells , such happens bone ; scar consisting fibrous structures some degree contraction . Since most wounds extend than one type tissue , complete regeneration impossible ; therefore , expected outcome healing . In healing by first intention ( primary union ) , directly , without granulation ; healing by second intention ( secondary union ) , repair following loss ( as ulceration accomplished closure tissue . This formed proliferation fibroblasts extensive budding outer edges cavity , slow extension sides its center . If , however , very deep extensive , can not fill defect grafting needed cover space avoid severe contracture loss function . healing by third intention ( delayed closure ) initially too contaminated closed surgically 4 5 days after injury . ( See illustrations . ) insertion drains can facilitate providing outlet removing accumulations serosanguineous fluid purulent material , obliterating space such that created surgical removal organ . If not very large , products inflammation , small blood clots other debris can absorbed into stream disposed of . Wounds that filled large amounts cells , clots , other debris must cleansed order take place . This accomplished chemical débridement irrigations Enzymes sometimes used remove enzymatic action . Since foreign bodies , sutures , slivers glass , splinters , like , delay healing , they too removed facilitate Patient Care Assessment progress begins frequent inspection site signs bleeding around Discoloration adjacent traumatic has been sutured indicate pooling spaces beginning stages hematoma Bleeding delay Accumulations serosanguineous fluid purulent drainage watched for , because they retard pose problem superinfection If drain has been inserted remove excess fluid , color , amount , odor , characteristics drainage noted recorded . drain , each should noted separately . Dressings observed frequently , especially pressure dressing become dangerously restrictive if swelling . Any change sensation , tingling numbness , signs impaired circulation , complaint discomfort , should reported physician . Other data important ongoing assessment leukocyte count coagulation tests , electrolyte levels . An elevated body temperature signal local systemic infection . Another sign infection presence drainage . color often indicative particular infecting organism . For example , yellow indicate presence Staphylococcus aureus , blue - green Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection . wound , discharge on fourth fifth postoperative day signal wound dehiscence and , therefore , reported immediately surgeon . During scarring phase healing , inspected changes size , color , shape , continue months even superficial wounds . New usually purplish , raised , irregular . With time , fades , grows smaller , its surface less irregular . Sometimes grows excess extends beyond normal limits hypertrophic keloid require steroid injections removal . order achieve adequate uneventful patient good state nutrition . Virtually every nutrient plays some role process ; hence , wide range dietary nutrients supplied , either through oral feedings , supplemental vitamins protein , parenteral nutrition Oxygen essential process . means measures taken ensure adequate circulation employing measures exercise , ambulation possible , applications warmth prescribed . Positioning important avoid prolonged pressure against vessels serving wounded area . Adequate rest needed patient understand need rest purpose splints , casts , devices employed immobilization wounded part . Mechanical greatly impede damaging tissues involved process . protected friction direct blows . affected part handled gently , great care used applying removing dressings bandages . Protective bandages shields made rubber , plastic cups , tongue blades , supportive materials protect additional trauma . Other factors work against optimal stress , old age , smoking , obesity , diabetes mellitus . It thought poorly controlled diabetic increased affinity hemoglobin oxygen , hampers release oxygen tissues . Additionally , poorly controlled diabetic patients have abnormal function phagocytes , predisposes wounds Although cancer does not itself interfere make susceptible infection , radiation therapy steroids antineoplastic agents well general debility patient , do compromise cancer patients . Wound dressing construction design . From Cohen et al . , 1992 . incised caused cutting instrument . lacerated torn . communicates directly atmosphere . penetrating sharp , slender , object passes through into underlying perforating penetrating wound extends viscus bodily cavity . puncture penetrating wound sucking chest air drawn out , pneumothorax tangential oblique glancing results edge being undercut . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . restore soundness any interruption external surfaces body . Also called wound repair Stages Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Physiology Steps Inflammation , closure , remodeling , final healing ; incisions either simple – ' clean ' little heal ' primary intention ' , ' dirty ' heal ' secondary intention ' McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . bodily physical means , disruption structures . avulsive see avulsion blowing pneumothorax . contracture contused unbroken . débridement dehiscence device channel established exit material ( below ) . integrity replacement starts years , essentially same all types Variations differences location , severity extent factors affecting nutritional status animal reserves resources ( primary directly , granulation ; ( secondary following ( as ulceration wound ) , budding outer third ( delayed closure ) initially contaminated closed surgically 4 5 days insertion drains providing outlet accumulations material , obliterating space . agents topical stimulate healing ; includes preparations containing zinc , trypsin , neomycin , dyes iodine . incised cutting instrument . lacerated torn . nonhealing failure despite appropriate treatment being given . communicates atmosphere . penetrating sharp , slender object , passes underlying perforating viscus pocket chronic , nonhealing but overlying does adhere . Seen most commonly axillae groin cats . puncture sucking chest air drawn out . deliberately produced during procedure , e.g . original incision . tangential oblique , glancing edge undercut . traumatopneic Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Patient discussion about wound healing Q . How frequently do people arthritis ? what chances it go away ? statistics ? A . arthritis pain / swelling / stiffness / and redness joints - - - arthritis single disorder , but name joint diseace number causes - - the cause wear / tear on joints . threatment : antibiotic drugs / anti drugs . common rheumatoid / osteoarthritis / an still disease ( children under age 4 , which clears up few years ) - arthritis occure complication infection elsewhere body , chickenpox / rubella / german measles / mumps / rheumatic fever , gonorrhea . cases this disease only controled meds , ther no cure yet . Q . HOW CAN ENERGIES AFFECT THE HEALING OF THE BODY ? CHI , ELOPTIC , YOU ' R SEVEN SHOCKERS ECT POSITIVE OR NEGITIVE ? ENERGIES WE EXPRESS AND RECIEVE TO AND FROM OTHERS A . Chinese medicine alternatives approached caution , but said , modality over 3,000 years have benefits . practitioner possibly bit suspect . Then again , nothing ventured , nothing gained . you have n ’ t experience it , how legitimate opinion ? Remember , hundred years ago , our own “ Doctors ” cured leaches such … was n ’ t until pooled their together lobbied government right name “ Doctor Medical Practitioner ” . That ’ s it . No science , just lobbying politicians … . For those had epimacular membrane removed , how long was before your eye healed ? How was your vision afterwards ? Do you now require benefit glasses ? Epimacular membrane removal associated variety ocular conditions therefore varies tremendously depending pathology . Furthermore , condition recur . More discussions about wound healing This content is provided by iMedix and is subject to iMedix Terms . The Questions and Answers are not endorsed or recommended and are made available by patients , not doctors . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Phases + of + wound + healing " > wound healing < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in acrodermatitis enteropathica anchor disease ANGPTL6 anthocyanidin antiplastic Avastin ayapana benzoin bevacizumab bioengineered skin substitute bisabolol black radish blue balm bryony root Burns CCN proteins chamazulene cicatrisiant cigarette drain References in periodicals archive Derived from the Leptospermum species of plant in New Zealand , these unique dressings have properties which are beneficial throughout all phases of wound healing Derma Sciences Buys Medihoney Wound - Car Brand from Long - Term New Zealand Partner In this research , we found that topical Anredera cordifolia leaf extract shortened these four phases of wound healing Topical binahong ( Anredera cordifolia ) leaf extract increases Interleukin - 6 and VEGF ( vascular endothelial growth factor ) during burn wound healing in wistar rats infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Part of this success is due to our expanded wound care portfolio - - including the recent launch of PuraPly and PuraPly Antimicrobial ( AM ) - - which allows us to offer products across all Organogenesis secures $ 30 million in financing Limiting prolonged inflammation during proliferation and remodeling in streptozotocin - induced diabetic rats supplemented with camel undenatured whey protein . Enhancement of Wound Healing by Un - denatured Camel Whey Proteins in Protein Malnourished Mice When the cat ' s skin makes contact with allergens ( and if the cat is allergic to a particular substance ) , the feline ' s immune system responds as if the skin were wounded - - cells on the skin ' s surface release inflammation - causing chemicals , such as histamine , which are important in the initial Indoor allergies and your cat : actually , her skin is a main thoroughfare for allergens According to the company , Medihoney dressings contain active leptospermum honey and can be used in all Advanced wound care technology hits the mass market His introductory chapter overviews the , the metabolic response to injury , key nutrients , and nutrient toxicity ( more is not always better ) . Nutrition and wound healing Topical application of Aloe vera gel appears to have a beneficial influence on the various like fibroplasia , collagen synthesis and maturation and wound contraction ( Chithra et al . Effect of polysaccharides from Opuntia ficus - indica ( L . ) cladodes on the healing of dermal wounds in the rat To understand how wound healing is affected in the person with kidney disease , the will be reviewed . The challenge of wound healing in patients with chronic kidney disease The purpose of this project was to determine the rates of cell proliferation throughout the three in the skin of diabetic and non - diabetic mice , and after FGF - 2 and VEGF treatment during the inflammatory and proliferative phases . Proliferation of skin cells during wound healing in diabetic and non - diabetic mice : effects of basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor treatment in vivo Unlike other wound healing approaches , Debride WH - 1 is believed to stimulate wound healing using a combination of currently approved products , is physiologically more appropriate , covers all , and is expected to translate into better overall outcomes than many leading medical treatments in the market today . Spring Creek Capital Corp . Announces Availability of a White Paper on the Wound Care Market by SmallcapInsights . com The purpose of this project was to determine the rates of cell proliferation and cellular density throughout the three in the skin of diabetic and non - diabetic mice . Cellular proliferation and density during skin wound healing in diabetic and nondiabetic mice More results ► Medical browser ▲ phase I trial phase II block phase II detoxification phase II trial phase III trial phase image phase IV trial phase microscope phase of maximum slope phase one study phase rule phase shift phase study phase transition phase variation phase - contrast microscope phase - contrast microscopy phased array phased return to work phased - array coil phasein phaseolamin phaseolunatin Phaseolus phaseolus hemolytic agent Phases of wound healing - phasia Phasianus phasic phasic bite pattern phasic reflex phasic sinus arrhythmia - phasis phasmid Phasmidae phasmophobia phatnorrhagia Phazyme PHB PHC PHCN PHCSG PhD Phe pheasant pheasant eye Pheasant Hunter ’ s Toe Pheidippides Syndrome PHEL Phelps , Abel Mix Phelps , Winthrop Morgan ▼ Full browser ▲ Phaseolus vulgaris Phaseolus vulgaris Phaseomannite phaseout phaseout Phaser Phaser Phaser ( effect ) Phasers phases phases Phases and Cycles , Inc phases her into phases her out of phases him into phases him out of phases in phases me into phases me out of Phases of matter Phases of matter phases of military government Phases of the moon Phases of the moon Phases of water cycle Phases of water cycle phases out phases out phases them into phases them out of phases us into phases us out of phases you into phases you out of phases , lunar Phases - clinical trials phasianid Phasianidae Phasianidae Phasianus Phasianus colchicus Phasianus colchicus colchicus Phasianus colchicus colchicus Phasianus colchicus versicolor Phasianus colchicus versicolor phasic ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Positive-sense+ssRNA+virus
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RNA virus ( redirected from Positive - sense ssRNA virus Also found in : Dictionary virus vi rus any member of a unique class of infectious agents , which were originally distinguished by their smallness ( hence , they were described as “ filtrable ” because their ability to pass through fine ceramic filters that blocked all cells , including bacteria ) and inability to replicate outside and without assistance a living host cell . Because these properties are shared by certain bacteria rickettsiae chlamydiae ) , viruses are now characterized simple organization unique mode replication . A virus consists genetic material , which may be either DNA or RNA , is surrounded protein coat and , in some viruses , membranous envelope . Unlike cellular organisms , viruses do not contain all the biochemical mechanisms for own replication ; they replicate using the biochemical mechanisms host cell synthesize assemble separate components . ( Some do contain or produce essential enzymes when there is no cellular enzyme that will serve . ) When complete particle virion comes in contact with cell , only viral nucleic acid and , some viruses , few enzymes injected into cell . Within cell genetic material DNA replicated transcribed into messenger RNA enzymes , proteins coded for viral genes synthesized ribosomes . These proteins form capsid ( protein coat ) ; there may also be few regulatory involved assembling capsid around newly synthesized nucleic acid , controlling cell , lysing when new virions have been assembled . Some these already have been present within initial virus , others coded genome production within Because cells not ability “ viral RNA ” but able transcribe messenger RNA , RNA must produce material new virions . For certain replicated enzyme transcriptase contained virion , produced using as messenger . In other reverse transcriptase contained virion transcribes message on DNA , then Reverse transcriptase actually combination two enzymes : polymerase assembles copy an RNase degrades source RNA . In membranes , membrane - bound move , like membrane proteins , surface . When assemble form capsid , part membrane pinched off envelope virion . Some only genes coding proteins . Other more complex ones hundred genes . But no has thousands required even simplest cells . Although general “ steal ” lipid envelope from virtually them “ envelope proteins ” penetrate serve receptors . facilitate entry others directly pathogenic effects . rapid lysis cells , but rather remain latent long periods before appearance clinical symptoms . This carrier state can take any several different forms . The term latency used denote interval from infection clinical manifestations . lentiviruses it was formerly mistakenly believed was inactive during this period . The true situation lentiviruses rapidly replicating spawning dozens quasi - species until particularly effective one overruns host ' s immune system defeat it . Other however , such herpesviruses actually enter time known “ viral latency , ” little replication taking place until further replication initiated specific trigger . For many years forms latency thought identical , now it has discovered different types with basic important distinctions . latency , most cells protected infection immune involving antibodies particles interferon Cell - mediated immunity essential , especially dealing infected cells . Cytotoxic lymphocytes also act antigen - presenting better coordinate immune response Containment mucosal tissues far more complex , involving follicular dendritic Langerhans enveloped can produced infected continue growing dividing without being killed . This probably involves sort intracellular regulation growth . It possible incorporated DNA , producing carrier state . These almost always retroviruses called proviruses before after integration genome . Few toxins , although infections bacteria cause previously innocuous become much pathogenic toxic . proteins , such human immunodeficiency appear actively toxic , those exception , rule . However , highly antigenic . Mechanisms pathologic injury include lysis induction proliferation ( as warts molluscum contagiosum ) ; formation giant syncytia , intracellular inclusion bodies caused virus ; perhaps most importantly , symptoms caused host ' s immune response inflammation deposition antigen - antibody complexes tissues . reproduction almost completely carried out mechanisms , points process where stopping reproduction will kill this reason chemotherapeutic agents diseases . acyclovir an antiviral requires become active . infections prevented vaccination active immunization ) , treated passive immunization immune globulin although shown effective against dozen viruses . Comparison shapes sizes viruses . attenuated one whose pathogenicity reduced serial animal passage other means . B19 species belonging genus Erythrovirus binds erythrocyte P blood group antigen cause erythema infectiosum patients hemolytic anemia sickle cell disease causes aplastic crisis acute arthritis Fetal hydrops fetalis spontaneous abortion death utero . Persistent immunocompromised patients lead chronic bone marrow failure . Called human parvovirus B19 bacterial capable producing transmissible bacteria ; see bacteriophage coryza rhinovirus Coxsackie coxsackievirus defective can not completely can not protein coat ; cases proceed if missing gene functions supplied viruses ; see helper dengue flavivirus , existing four antigenically related distinct types ( designated 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ) , causes both classic hemorrhagic forms dengue whose genome consists DNA . Ebola identical Marburg virus serologically distinct ; disease similar Marburg virus . EB Epstein - Barr virus encephalomyocarditis enterovirus mild aseptic meningitis encephalomyocarditis . enteric v ' s enterovirus enteric orphan v ' s orphan isolated intestinal tract humans animals . Epstein - Barr ( EBV ) herpeslike infectious mononucleosis associated Burkitt ' s lymphoma nasopharyngeal carcinoma ; epstein - barr virus fixed virulence incubation period stabilized serial passage remained fixed during further transmission , opposed street virus helper aids development defective supplying restoring activity gene enabling coat . hepatitis A ( HAV ) genus Hepatovirus hepatitis rapid onset affecting humans ; transmission easier than hepatitis B C generally does persist . While alone usually life - threatening , coincident hepatitis C generally rapidly fatal . B ( HBV ) species Orthohepadnavirus b C Hepacivirus c its period last 30 years more . D ( HDV ) delta unclassified virus , thought parasite hepatitis B transmitted same manner ; requires assistance HBV replicate . magnifies pathogenicity hepatitis B virus many times etiologic agent d E enterically transmitted calicivirus e G ( HGV ) parenterally flavivirus originally isolated patient chronic hepatitis ; benign , uncertain what role , if any , HGV plays etiology liver disease . hepatotropic primarily affects liver , hepatitis herpes herpesvirus . herpes simplex former name herpes simplex called human herpesviruses ; herpesvirus human immunodeficiency ( HIV ) either two acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ( AIDS ) . HIV - 1 found around world HIV - 2 found primarily West Africa . Progression HIV - 2 AIDS slower less extreme than HIV - 1 . believed induce permanent propensity toward subset T lymphocytes CD4 dysfunctional eventually immune system overwhelmed exhausted ; death ensues , usually result infection . through casual contact ; common routes transmission sexual intercourse , direct exposure contaminated blood , transplacental mother fetus . Human virus : retrovirus particle . From Copstead , 1995 . T - cell leukemia T - cell lymphotropic former names human T - lymphotropic virus T - lymphotropic ( HTLV ) related retroviruses affinity helper type T lymphocytes . HTLV - 1 associated adult T - cell leukemia type myelopathy HTLV - 2 atypical variant hairy cell hematological disorders , clear association disease established . influenza group orthomyxoviruses influenza at least three serotypes ( A , B , C ) . Serotype subject major antigenic changes antigenic shifts well minor gradual antigenic changes antigenic drift widespread epidemics pandemics . Serotypes B C chiefly sporadic epidemics . ) ( genera Influenzavirus A Influenzavirus B Influenzavirus C influenza La Crosse California serogroup Bunyavirus , etiologic agent La Crosse encephalitis latent ordinarily occurs noninfective state demonstrable indirect methods activate it . lytic maedi / visna lentivirus pneumonia sheep . Marburg occurring Africa , insect bites , causing marburg virus disease masked latent virus measles paramyxovirus measles mumps paramyxovirus mumps sometimes tenderness swelling testes , pancreas , ovaries , organs . Norwalk calicivirus common epidemics acute gastroenteritis diarrhea vomiting last 24 48 hours . oncogenic epidemiologic class acquired close contact injection persistent infection ; induce transformation malignancy . tissue culture , specifically disease . parainfluenza various paramyxoviruses upper respiratory tract varying severity . poliomyelitis poliovirus pox poxvirus rabies rhabdovirus rabies respiratory syncytial ( RSV ) single - stranded paramyxoviruses name derived ( respiratory infection ) microscopic appearance cultures . RSV wide variety disorders ranging mild cold serious even fatal lung very young very old . It regularly produces outbreak each winter virtually disappears summer months . severe children young , especially those who preterm , immunologically compromised , suffering congenital heart defect preexisting lung disorder . Adults at risk include parents who repeatedly exposed young children , example , pediatric nurses day care attendants . course tends milder adults children about 15 per cent affected adults symptoms . elderly same degree seriousness manifestations young . RNA . rubella togavirus rubella satellite strain unable except presence helper considered deficient coding formation . simian - human chimeric , engineered human immunodeficiency cytoplasm nucleus simian immunodeficiency used animal models because better mimic HIV SIV is . simian ( SIV ) lentivirus closely inapparent African green monkeys resembling syndrome macaques chimpanzees . slow remains long periods smallpox variola virus street naturally animal , opposed laboratory - adapted strain virus . vaccinia orthopoxvirus does occur nature propagated laboratory use active vaccine against smallpox present derived original Jenner , obtained lesions cowpox origin original remains unclear . varicella - zoster herpesvirus 3 ; variola extinct orthopoxvirus No natural occurred since 1977 , reservoir exists . West Nile Flavivirus Nile encephalitis Culex mosquitoes , wild birds serving reservoir . endemic Africa , Asia , Europe , recently spread North America . wild - type street virus Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . RNA vi · rus core RNA ; major includes families Picornaviridae , Reoviridae , Togaviridae , Flaviviridae , Bunyaviridae , Arenaviridae , Paramyxoviridae , Retroviridae , Coronaviridae , Orthomyxoviridae , Rhabdoviridae . Synonym ( s ) : ribovirus Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 RNA virus n . Any acid core composed including picornaviruses . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . composed infect arenavirus , coronavirus , orthomyxovirus , picornavirus , rhabdovirus , togavirus . Also ribovirus Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . RNA vi · rus vī ' rŭs RNA ; includes families Picornaviridae , Reoviridae , Togaviridae , Flaviviridae , Bunyaviridae , Arenaviridae , Paramyxoviridae , Retroviridae , Coronaviridae , Orthomyxoviridae , Rhabdoviridae . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Positive - sense + ssRNA + virus " > RNA virus < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in 75V - 2374 virus 78V - 2441 virus Acara virus Alajuela virus arbovirus Arenaviridae Astrovirus attenuated virus B19 virus bacterial virus Bakau virus Borna disease virus Bozo virus Bruconha virus Brus Laguna virus bunyavirus XXX ossa virus Bushbush virus Caliciviridae Calicivirus Medical browser ▲ positive pressure positive pressure breathing unit positive pressure ventilation positive ray positive reinforcement positive relationship Positive Samsonite Sign positive scotoma positive sequence positive signs of pregnancy positive stain positive symptom Positive symptoms positive taxis positive thermotaxis positive transfer positive transference positive tropism positive valence positive / negative chronotrope positive / negative inotrope Positively Diverse positively inotropic positive - negative pressure breathing positive - pressure mechanical ventilation Positive - sense ssRNA virus positivism positron positron emission tomography Positron Emission Tomography ( PET ) positron emission tomography ( PET ) scan Positron emission tomography scan Positron Emission Tomography , Brain Positron Emission Tomography , FDG Positron Emission Tomography , Heart Positron Emission Tomography , Pelvis Posner , Carl Posner ’ s test Posner - Schlossman syndrome posologic posological posology possession possessive possible estuary - associated syndrome possum post post - post cibum post exposure prophylaxis post hoc ▼ Full browser ▲ positive - displacement positive - displacement compressor Positive - Displacement Hydraulic Drive positive - displacement meter Positive - displacement pump Positive - displacement pump Positive - Electrolyte - Negative Positive - End Airway Pressure Positive - Going Transition positive - grid oscillator Positive - Intrinsic - Negative Positive - Ion Chemical Ionization positive - ion sheath positive - negative pressure breathing Positive - Negative - Positive Positive - Negative - Positive - Negative positive - phase - sequence relay Positive - Pressure Mechanical Ventilation Positive - Pressure Mechanical Ventilation Positive - Referenced Emitter Coupled Logic Positive - sense RNA Positive - sense RNA Positive - sense virus Positive - sense virus Positive - Youth Foundation Positive / Negative positive / negative chronotrope positive / negative inotrope positively positively Positively Affecting Lives positively charged Positively Charged Dextran Resin positively declared positively direct Positively Diverse Positively Doped Metal Oxide Semiconductor Positively expansive Positively expansive Positively Infinitely Variable positively inotropic Positively Outrageous Service Positively Wellington Business Positively Women positivenegative chronotrope positivenegative inotrope positiveness ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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"RNA virus"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Potassium-sparing+diuretics
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potassium - sparing diuretics Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia po · tas · si · um - spar · ing di · u · ret · ics pǒ - tas ' ē - ŭm spār ' ing dī ' yūr - et ' iks Agents that retain potassium ( e.g. , triamterene and amiloride ) . They are used in the treatment of hypertension and in congestive heart failure . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 diuretics powerful drugs , often termed ‘ water tablets ’ , that control hypertension peripheral oedema ; action of some local anaesthetics is antagonized by concomitant use some diuretics see Table 1 ) , e.g . aldosterone antagonists ( e.g . spironolactone ) ; carbonic anhydrase inhibitors , e.g . acetazolamide ; loop diuretics , furosemide ; osmotic diuretics , mannitol ; potassium - sparing amiloride , or combination with other diuretics ; thiazide bendroflumethiazide Table 1 : Principal drug interactions local anaesthetic agents other medications Local anaesthetic agent Proprietary name Principal drug interactions Effect interaction Lidocaine Xylocaine Antiarrhythmic agents Antibacterial Antipsychotics Antivirals Beta - blockers Diuretics Dolasetron Ulcer - healing drugs Increased myocardial depression Increased risk ventricular arrhythmias if lidocaine is given with quinpristin / dalfopristin risk ventricular arrhythmias if lidocaine given any prolongs the QT interval cardiac cycle Plasma concentration increased by amprenavir , atazanavir lopinavir myocardial depression toxicity when propranolol The action antagonized hypokalaemia caused acetazolamide , loop or thiazide related ( i.e . a greater dose would be required to achieve anaesthesia ) arrhythmia dolasetron Plasma concentration increased when cimetidine ; toxicity cimetidine Bupivacaine Marcain Levo - bupivacaine Chirocaine Beta - blockers bupivacaine propranolol antiarrhythmic Prilocaine Citanest Antiarrhythmic Antibacterial antiarrhythmic methaemoglobinaemia sulphonamide antibacterial Ropivacaine Naropin Antidepressants Metabolism ropivacaine inhibited fluvoxamine , thereby enhancing ropivacaine Mepivacaine Scandonest Drug not listed British National Formulary Illustrated Dictionary of Podiatry and Foot Science by Jean Mooney © 2009 Elsevier Limited . All rights reserved . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / potassium - sparing + diuretics " > potassium - sparing diuretics < / a > Facebook Twitter Mentioned in Accupril Accupro Acepril Acid - Base Imbalances : Metabolic Acidosis and Alkalosis acute kidney failure acute liver failure Aldactazide Aldactone aliskiren Altace Amias amiloride amiloride HCl amiloride hydrochloride Aprovel Atacand Avapro azilsartan benazepril hydrochloride Medical browser ▲ potassium inhibition potassium iodide potassium iodide test potassium nitrate potassium nitrate paper potassium oxalate potassium penicillin V potassium perchlorate potassium permanganate potassium phosphate potassium phosphates potassium polysulfide ointment potassium pump potassium sodium tartrate potassium sorbate potassium sparing diuretics potassium tartrate potassium thiocyanate Potassium , Blood Potassium , Urine potassium - 40 potassium - 42 potassium - 43 potassium - argon dating potassium - sparing diuretic potassium - sparing diuretics potato Potato Chip Potato Chip Desquamation Potato Chip Effect Potato Chip Operation potato dextrose agar potato node potato nose potato poisoning potato tumor potato tumor of neck potato tumour potbellied potbelly potence potency potency ratio potent - potent potentia coeundi potential potential abnormality of glucose tolerance potential acuity meter potential cautery potential diagnosis ▼ Full browser ▲ potassium - losing nephritis potassium - losing nephritis potassium - losing nephropathy potassium - losing nephropathy Potassium - Magnesium Sulfate potassium - retaining d ' s potassium - retaining d ' s Potassium - retaining diuretic Potassium - retaining diuretics Potassium - Rougier Potassium - Rougier potassium - sensitive periodic paralysis potassium - sensitive periodic paralysis Potassium - sparing potassium - sparing d potassium - sparing d Potassium - sparing diuretic Potassium - sparing diuretic potassium - transporting ATPase alpha chain 1 potassium - transporting ATPase beta chain potassium - transporting ATPase subunit beta Potassoxyl potation potation potations potations potato Potato ( Debian ) Potato ( northern ) Potato ( northern ) Potato Association of America Potato aucuba mosaic virus Potato Bacillus Potato barn potato bean potato bean potato beetle potato beetle Potato black ringspot virus potato blight Potato Blossom Festival ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"potassium-sparing diuretics"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Predators
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predator ( redirected from Predators Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia predator ( prĕd ′ ə - tər , - tôr ′ ) n . An organism that lives by preying on other organisms . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . Public safety See Sexual Zoology An animal that preys upon and consumes other animals for its sustenance Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . any animal lives by preying on animals from ( usually ) a lower TROPHIC LEVEL Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 an derives its life support predation Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Predators " > predator < / a > Mentioned in Adaptive Gridlock Animal Bite Infections anxiety Aquila chrysaetos armature Batesian mimicry bifid tongue binocular vision bioaccumulation biologic control biological control biological pump biomagnification biotic potential black tongue Buteo buteo camouflage child grooming Children ' s Health Medical browser ▲ precorneal film precornu Precortisyl Forte Precose precostal precostal anastomosis precritical preculminate fissure precuneal precuneal branches of pericallosal artery precuneate precuneus precursor precursor cell precursor ion precursor ion scan precursor therapy precursor , fifth plasma thromboplastin precursors precut sphincterotomy pred pred - Pred Forte predation Predators predatory Predatory Paraphilia Predatory Pricing predecidual predeciduous dentition Predenema predentin pre - Descemet corneal dystrophy predetermination Predfoam prediabetes prediastole prediastolic prediastolic murmur predicrotic predict predicted difference PREDICT - HD prediction prediction rules predictive factor predictive hypothesis Predictive Medicine predictive validity predictive value ▼ Full browser ▲ Predator ( biology ) Predator ( biology ) Predator and prey Predator and prey Predator Bay Water Ski Club Predator Conservation Alliance Predator Conservation Alliance Predator Infrared Airborne Narrowband Hyperspectral Combat Assessor Predator Mission Aircrew Training System Predator Primary Satellite Link Predator Sniper Styx Predator - prey interactions Predator / Red Alert Fishing Team predatorily predatorily predatoriness predatoriness Predators , Parasitoids , Parasites and Pathogens predatory predatory aggression predatory aggression predatory animal predatory behavior predatory behavior Predatory Bird Monitoring Scheme Predatory Bird Research Group predatory incursion Predatory Lender Predatory Lenders Predatory lending Predatory lending Predatory Lending Association Predatory Lending Solutions Project predatory lesions predatory lesions Predatory loan Predatory Offender Registration Predatory Older Woman Predatory Paraphilia ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"predator"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Premature+stop+codon
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nonsense mutation ( redirected from Premature stop codon Also found in : Encyclopedia sup · pres · sor mu · ta · tion 1 . a second mutation that alters the anticodon in a tRNA so that it can recognize nonsense ( stop ) codon , thus suppressing termination of the amino acid chain . Compare : amber mutation ochre mutation umber mutation 2 . genetic changes such effect of m . in one place can be masked by second m . another location . There are two types : intergenic suppression ( occurring different gene ) and intragenic suppression ( occurring same gene but at different site ) . Synonym ( s ) : nonsense mutation Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 mutation which one three terminator codons mRNA used to signal end polypeptide appears middle genetic message and causes premature termination transcription release incomplete , generally nonfunctional polypeptides from ribosome . The three types are amber mutation , ochre mutation , opal mutation Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . A POINT MUTATION which changes CODON specifies an amino acid into codon - one marks position where translation messenger RNA sequence should stop . The result is gene with segment lopped off . Such will code for protein may have missing acids may thus be functionally defective . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 an alteration DNA POLYNUCLEOTIDE CHAIN results NONSENSE CODON when transcribed on to mRNA . Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 1 . nucleotide change , including base substitutions , insertions or deletions DNA , or RNA case some viruses , gives rise mutant phenotype . 2 . animal exhibiting such change . Called also sport . back see reverse ( below ) . base substitution transition purine - pyrimidine pair is substituted by other purine - pyrimidine pair , transversion pair replaced two pyrimidine pairs . chain new sequence introduces stop codon thereby prematurely terminates synthesis polypeptide ; mutations also called amber ( UAG ) , ochre ( UAA ) opal ( UGA ) . deletion produced loss nucleotides from DNA sequence . frame shift occur as result either insertion new deletion block pairs sequence ; these , unless they occur 3 multiples 3 , most serious message right frame shift garbled . leaky substitution only partially disrupts function protein ; bacteria this usually manifested reduced growth rate . mis - sense causing protein . nonsense stop codon substituted for specifies acid . operator constitutive more operator region ( originally defined lactose operon ) repressor protein tightly binding it less effective preventing polymerase inhibiting transcription . point single changed organism substitution , insertion deletion . rate frequency mutations population over time . repressor - constitutive regulation expression , repressor decreases binding affinity leaves permanently turned on . reverse wild - type phenotype restored ; organisms called revertants . Called back mutation , reversion mutation . second - site see suppressor silent there change but because redundancy code same coded , there has no detectable effect on phenotype . somatic change occurs somatic cells , i.e . not gametes . mechanism underlying generation diversity antigen recognition immunoglobulins T cell receptor molecules . fundamental cause cancer , occurs spontaneously induced carcinogens , as sunlight , chemicals viruses . suppressor particular type reversion at site restores original phenotype ; most simply produced restored wild type proximate independent substitution . second - site mutation . temperature - sensitive ( ts ) altered active temperature , typically 86 ° F ( 30 ° C ) inactive higher temperature , usually 104 108 ° F ( 40 42 ° C ) , e.g . ts mutant virus bacteria . transdominant genes producing diffusible products , contrast cis - dominant regulatory sequences recognized other proteins . transition does not pyrimidine - purine orientation . See ( above ) . transposition transposable element . transversion orientation changed pyrimidine - purine vice versa . See ( above ) . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Premature + stop + codon " > nonsense mutation < / a > Mentioned in amber mutation back mutation BRCA genes BRCA2 gene deletion mutation Jensen syndrome mis - sense mutation Mutation mutation rate nonsense suppressor ochre mutation opal mutation PEX16 point mutation polar mutation reverse mutation silent mutation somatic mutation suppressor mutation Medical browser ▲ premature premature alopecia Premature atrial beat premature atrial complex premature atrial contraction premature beat premature birth premature complex premature contraction premature delivery premature ejaculation premature heel lift premature impulse premature infant premature junctional contraction premature labor premature membrane rupture premature menopause premature newborn premature ovarian failure premature pubarche premature rupture of membranes premature senescence premature senility premature separation of placenta Premature stop codon premature systole premature thelarche premature ventricular complex premature ventricular contraction premature - senility syndrome prematurities prematurity prematurity myopia premaxilla premaxillary premaxillectomy pre - MCI premed premedical premedication premedullary cistern premeiotic phase premelanosome premenarchal premenarcheal premenopausal premenstrual premenstrual dysphoria disorder premenstrual dysphoric disorder premenstrual salivary syndrome ▼ Full browser ▲ Premature puberty Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes Premature rupture of membrane Premature rupture of membranes Premature rupture of membranes Premature rupture of the membranes premature senescence premature senility premature senility syndrome premature senility syndrome premature separation of placenta premature separation of the placenta premature separation of the placenta Premature Stage Separation premature stiffening premature systole premature teeth loss premature teeth loss premature thelarche Premature ventricular beat Premature ventricular beat Premature Ventricular Complex Premature Ventricular Complex premature ventricular contraction premature ventricular contraction ( PVC ) premature ventricular contraction ( PVC ) Premature ventricular contractions Premature ventricular contractions premature ventricular contractions per hour Premature Ventricular Depolarization Premature Voluntary Release Premature Years of Life Lost ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"nonsense mutation"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Primase
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primase Also found in : Encyclopedia Wikipedia pri · mase prī ' māz ) , A polymerase that acts on a template DNA strand to produce RNA , resulting in the formation of an RNA primer needed in RNA replication . Synonym ( s ) : dnaG prim er + - ase ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 primase an ENZYME that synthesizes RNA PRIMERS during DNA replication bacteria and certain single - stranded phages . The primers can then be extended by DNA POLYMERASE ( see ( b ) REPLICATION ) . Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 a specialized polymerase synthesizes short stretches of used as primers . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : Mentioned in DNA replication MCM10 POLA2 prepriming protein primosome RNA viruses Medical browser ▲ primary site primary skin graft Primary sleep disorder primary somatic dysfunction primary sore primary spastic paraplegia primary spermatocyte primary sterility primary structure primary stuttering primary symptoms primary syphilis primary systemic vasculitis primary teeth primary testicular failure primary tooth primary transcript primary triad primary tuberculosis primary tumor primary variable primary vertigo primary villus primary vitreous primary writing tremor primate Primates primatology Primaxin prime prime mover prime movers prime plasmid primed cell primer primer extension primidone primigravida priming Priming memory primipara primiparity primiparous PRIMIS+ primite primitiae primitive primitive costal arch primitive dislocation primitive fold ▼ Full browser ▲ Primary Years Programme Primary Zone primary zone / switch location Primary , Community and Continuing Care Primary , Secondary and Tertiary Primary - Backup Link Criticality - Based Routing Algorithm Primary - Beam Diffraction Modulated Electron Emission Primary - benign Primary - benign primary - frequency standard primary - irritant dermatitis primary - irritant dermatitis Primary - low grade Primary - low grade Primary - malignant Primary - malignant Primary / Program Action Office Primary / Program Work Code Primary / secondary quality distinction Primas Primas Primata Primata primatal primate Primate ( biology ) Primate ( biology ) Primate ( religion ) primate air sacs primate air sacs primate airsacculitis Primate clades Primate clades Primate Cognition Test Battery Primate Enrichment Forum Primate Freedom Project Primate Info Net Primate of Italy Primate of Italy Primate Quality Control Center ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"primase"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Receptors%2c+neurotransmitter
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Neurotransmitter ( redirected from Receptors , neurotransmitter Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia neurotransmitter noor ″ o - trans mit - er a substance ( e.g. , norepinephrine , acetylcholine , dopamine ) that is released from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron on excitation , and that travels across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit target cell . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . neu · ro · trans · mit · ter nū ' rō - trans ' mit - ĕr ) , Any specific chemical agent ( including acetylcholine , five amines , four amino acids , two purines , and more than 28 peptides ) released by presynaptic cell , on excitation , crosses synapse to stimulate or inhibit postsynaptic cell . More than one may be at any given synapse . The neurotransmitters by cells may modulate transmitter release from cells . Nitric oxide be retrograde neurotransmitter , postsynaptic cells , act cells . [ neuro - + L . transmitto , send across ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 neurotransmitter / neu · ro · trans · mit · ter / - tranz mit - er substance axon terminal of neuron which diffuses across synaptic cleft either excite target false an amine can stored in vesicles but has little effect receptors . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( no͝or ′ ō - trăns ′ mĭt - ər , - trănz ′ - , nyo͝or ′ - ) n . A chemical substance , such as acetylcholine dopamine , transmits nerve impulses synapse . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . [ - transmit ′ ər ] Etymology : Gk , + L , transmittere , transmit modifies results in transmission nerve impulses between synapses . Neurotransmitters are knobs into clefts bridge gap between neurons . Each vesicle within knob stores as many 10,000 molecules . When impulse reaches knob , thousands molecules squirt into bind specific receptors . This flow allows an associated diffusion potassium sodium ions causes action potential . Excitatory neurotransmitters decrease negativity membrane potentials ; inhibitory increase such potentials . Kinds include gamma - aminobutyric acid , norepinephrine Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Neurosynaptic transmitter Physiology Any number small neuroregulating molecules – eg , catecholamines which are synthesized terminals neurons , stored vesicles , cause rapid transient depolarization near their point release cleft , where it stimulates production excitatory inhibitory potentials ; neurotransmission at synapses neuromuscular junctions is due binding its cognate receptor . See Amino acid neurotransmitter , Neuropeptide Neuroregulator . Cf Hormone McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . neu · ro · trans · mit · ter nūr ' ō - trans ' mit - ĕr agent cell , crosses synapse stimulate neuro - L . transmitto , send across ] Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 See TRANSMITTER SUBSTANCE Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 Neurotransmitter A brain transmits messages neurons , Changes levels certain neurotransmitters , serotonin , norepinephrine , dopamine , thought related bipolar disorder . Mentioned in : Alpha 1 - Adrenergic Blockers Antidepressant Drugs , SSRI Bipolar Disorder Botulism Central Nervous System Depressants Club Drugs Cocaine Erectile Dysfunction Intermittent Explosive Disorder Lesch - Nyhan Syndrome Lysergic Acid Diethylamide ( LSD ) Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors Mood Disorders Neuroendocrine Tumors Pain Management Peripheral Neuropathy Phototherapy Premenstrual Syndrome Tourette Syndrome Weight Loss Drugs Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . formed cell body passes down vesicles terminals . It response action potentials , act with another effector site : skeletal muscle , smooth muscle gland . also acetylcholine neuromuscular junction noradrenaline Dictionary of Sport and Exercise Science and Medicine by Churchill Livingstone © 2008 Elsevier Limited . All rights reserved . agent , cell Illustrated Dictionary of Podiatry and Foot Science by Jean Mooney © 2009 Elsevier Limited . All rights reserved . neurotransmitter ( nerˈ · ō · transˑ · mi · ter ) n messenger modifies affects communication synapses neuromuscular connections . Important include serotonin , acetylcholine . Jonas : Mosby ' s Dictionary of Complementary and Alternative Medicine . ( c ) 2005 , Elsevier . when excited nervous impulse . The then travels another neuron . This accomplished decreasing negativity potentials ( excitation ) , increasing potentials ( inhibition ) . Common endorphins , adrenaline ( epinephrine ) , gamma - aminobutyric acid ( GABA ) , amino acids , glutamate glycine , noradrenaline ( norepinephrine ) , serotonin P . Common retina glutamate ( the primary excitatory neurotransmitter ) , GABA ( inhibitory ) , glycine ( inhibitory ) , dopamine ( excitatory ) ( excitatory ) . Millodot : Dictionary of Optometry and Visual Science , 7th edition . © 2009 Butterworth - Heinemann neu · ro · trans · mit · ter nūr ' ō - trans ' mit - ĕr that , neuro - Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 n any one numerous chemicals modify result transmission synapses . Neurotransmitters knobs clefts bridge gap neurons . Neuron . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( e.g . dopamine ) adrenergic see norepinephrine receptor each has its own receptor molecule ; these show high degree structural homology . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Receptors % 2c + neurotransmitter " > Neurotransmitter < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in 5 - hydroxytryptamine acetylcholinesterase inhibitors adrenergic adrenergic neurotransmitter Adrenergic System agonist agonist drug Alpha 1 - Adrenergic Blockers ampakines anandamide ANS anticholinergic association neuron autoreceptor axoaxonic synapse axodendritic synapse axodendrosomatic synapse axon terminal Medical browser ▲ recent dislocation Recent Life Changes Questionnaire recent memory recently licensed receptacle receptacle of the deferent duct receptaculum receptaculum chyli receptaculum seminis reception room receptive receptive aphasia receptive field receptivity receptoma receptor adaptation receptor modulator receptor protein receptor site receptor theory of drug action receptor trafficking receptor - binding screening receptor - mediated endocytosis receptor - operated channel Receptors , neurotransmitter receptosomes recertification recess recesses of tympanic cavity recession recessitivity recessive recessive allele recessive character recessive disorder recessive epistasis recessive gene recessive lethal Recessive trait recessus recessus phrenicohepatici recidiva leishmaniasis recidivation recidivism recidivist recidivity RECIFE recipe recipient recipient site ▼ Full browser ▲ Receptors , laminin Receptors , laminin Receptors , leukotriene Receptors , leukotriene Receptors , lh Receptors , lh Receptors , lipoprotein Receptors , lipoprotein Receptors , lipoxin Receptors , metabotropic glutamate Receptors , mitogen Receptors , mitogen Receptors , n - acetylglucosamine Receptors , n - methyl - d - aspartate Receptors , n - methyl - d - aspartate Receptors , nerve growth factor Receptors , nerve growth factor Receptors , neuropeptide Receptors , neuropeptide Receptors , neuropeptide y Receptors , notch Receptors , odorant Receptors , opioid Receptors , oxytocin Receptors , oxytocin Receptors , pancreatic hormone Receptors , pancreatic hormone Receptors , pattern recognition Receptors , phencyclidine Receptors , phencyclidine Receptors , pheromone Receptors , pheromone Receptors , pituitary hormone Receptors , pituitary hormone Receptors , platelet - derived growth factor Receptors , progesterone Receptors , prolactin Receptors , prolactin Receptors , prostaglandin Receptors , prostaglandin Receptors , retinoic acid Receptors , scavenger Receptors , sensory ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Recombinant+vaccines
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vaccine ( redirected from Recombinant vaccines Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia vaccine vak - sēn a suspension of attenuated or killed microorganisms ( viruses , bacteria , or rickettsiae ) , administered for prevention , amelioration , treatment of infectious diseases . anthrax a cell - free protein extract cultures Bacillus anthracis , used for immunization against anthrax attenuated prepared from live microorganisms viruses cultured under adverse conditions , leading to loss their virulence but retention their ability to induce protective immunity . autogenous prepared from which have been freshly isolated the lesion the patient who is be treated with it . bacterial preparation killed bacteria used as an active immunizing agent . BCG see bcg vaccine cholera preparation Vibrio cholerae , administered intradermally , subcutaneously , intramuscularly immunization against cholera diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis DTP vaccine : combination diphtheria tetanus toxoids pertussis vaccine intramuscularly simultaneous diphtheria , tetanus , whooping cough . When pertussis is an acellular form , combination may be abbreviated DTaP tetanus toxoids adsorbed Haemophilus b conjugate diphtheria toxoid tetanus toxoid pertussis vaccine Haemophilus b conjugate vaccine children 18 months 5 years age simultaneous whooping cough infection by Haemophilus influenzae type b . DTP diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine b conjugate ( HbCV ) influenzae type capsular polysaccharide covalently bound diphtheria toxoid specific protein , meningococcal protein , protein ; it stimulates both B T lymphocyte responses much more immunogenic than polysaccharide vaccine . Administered as routine immunizing agent in infants young children . ( HbPV ) highly purified capsular derived influenzae b , which stimulates immune response in B lymphocytes only ; subcutaneously agent children ages 18 months 5 years . hepatitis A inactivated inactivated whole virus derived strain hepatitis A virus grown cell culture ; intramuscularly . hepatitis hepatitis B surface antigen either human plasma carriers ( hepatitis inactivated ) cloning yeast cells ( hepatitis [ recombinant ] ) ; intramuscularly . heterologous that confers protective immunity pathogen that shares cross - reacting antigens with vaccine . human diploid cell rabies vaccine rabies virus grown cultures diploid embryo lung cells inactivated ; intradermally . influenza influenza it trivalent , usually containing two influenza A virus strains one influenza B virus strain . live have been but retain immunogenic properties . Lyme disease ( recombinant OspA ) outer surface protein A ( OspA ) , surface lipoprotein Borrelia burgdorferi , produced by recombinant technology ; active lyme disease measles , mumps , rubella ( MMR ) measles mumps rubella viruses subcutaneously measles mumps rubella rubella viruses although usually measles , mumps , and rubella virus meningococcal antigen Neisseria meningitidis , provide immunity meningitis measles , mumps , and rubella virus Bordetella pertussis bacilli ( whole - cell vaccine ) purified antigenic components thereof ( acellular vaccine ) , immunize generally DTaP ) . plague Yersinia pestis bacilli , plague pneumococcal heptavalent polysaccharides seven serotypes Streptococcus pneumoniae most commonly isolated 6 years age younger , coupled nontoxic variant diphtheria toxin infants at risk pneumococcal disease , polyvalent polysaccharides 23 serotypes Streptococcus pneumoniae causing majority disease ; persons over 2 age , poliovirus ( IPV ) polioviruses three types , given series intramuscular subcutaneous injections immunize poliomyelitis It does not induce intestinal so not effective poliovirus eradication areas where wild - type polioviruses still exist large numbers . However , does cause vaccine - associated paralytic poliomyelitis so preferred routine areas where risk infection wild - type very low , United States . Called also Salk vaccine oral ( OPV ) oral consisting three types live , polioviruses . It given orally , often on sugar cube , convenient administration large groups people . induces both humoral intestinal immunity , useful eradication eradicated . However , can cause vaccine - associated paralytic persons newly vaccinated contacts , considered unjustifiable countries such United States , exposure very low . Thus , States , has superseded poliovirus inactivated Called also Sabin vaccine polyvalent antigens more than one strain species . chick embryo pre - postexposure rabies immunization , chicken fibroblasts ; any various vaccines consisting virus , preexposure at high exposure , such veterinarians , postexposure prophylaxis conjunction rabies immune globulin See human diploid cell v . purified chick embryo cell v . rabies v . adsorbed adsorbed ( RVA ) rabies vaccine rabies virus fetal rhesus monkey lung inactivated ; rotavirus produced mixture four types rotavirus rotaviral gastroenteritis mumps viruses Sabin poliovirus vaccine live oral Salk poliovirus vaccine inactivated subunit specific subunits thus having less adverse reactions whole vaccines . typhoid any several preparations Salmonella typhi typhoid fever including parenteral heat - phenol - inactivated bacteria vaccine , Ty21a , parenteral typhoid Vi polysaccharide . varicella live , herpesvirus 3 varicella - zoster virus production varicella herpes zoster yellow fever yellow fever virus , yellow fever Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . vac · cine vak ' sēn , vak - sēn ' ) , Although this word correctly stressed on first syllable , U.S . usage often stressed second syllable . Originally , ( vaccinia , cowpox ) inoculated skin prophylaxis smallpox obtained skin calves inoculated seed virus . Usage has extended meaning include essentially intended immunologic prophylaxis ; example , preparations microbes virulent strains living microbes ( variant mutant ) strains ; microbial , fungal , plant , protozoal , metazoan derivatives products . Method administration varies according vaccine , inoculation being most common , ingestion preferred some instances nasal spray occasionally . Synonym ( s ) : vaccinum [ L . vaccinus , relating cow ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / vac · cine / vak sēn suspension ( viruses , bacteria , rickettsiae ) , antigenic proteins them , prevention , amelioration , treatment infectious diseases . acellular cell - free components microorganisms , carrying less whole - cell preparations . extract Bacillus anthracis viruses cultured under conditions leading loss virulence retention ability immunity . autogenous freshly lesion patient who treated it . BCG tuberculosis bladder cancer , dried , living , avirulent culture Calmette - Guérin Mycobacterium bovis Vibrio cholerae ( DTP ) tetanus toxoids diphtheria , tetanus , whooping cough . When form , may abbreviated diphtheria toxoid tetanus toxoid b conjugate vaccine Haemophilus influenzae b . ( HbCV ) covalently bound meningococcal , protein ; T lymphocyte responses young children . ( HbPV ) highly b , immune response lymphocytes only ; hepatitis A virus culture . hepatitis B surface antigen either plasma carriers v . inactivated ) cloning yeast v . [ recombinant ] ) . heterologous confers pathogen shares cross - reacting ( HDCV ) see rabies v . trivalent , containing two influenza A virus one influenza B virus strain . one retain properties . Lyme ( recombinant OspA ) outer ( OspA ) , lipoprotein Borrelia burgdorferi recombinant technology ; Lyme disease measles , mumps , ( MMR ) although generally measles , mumps , and rubella virus vaccine antigen Neisseria meningitidis provide meningitis mixed polyvalent v . measles , mumps , and rubella virus vaccine Bordetella pertussis bacilli ( whole - cell vaccine ) thereof ( acellular vaccine ) , ) . Yersinia pestis bacilli , agent . heptavalent seven Streptococcus pneumoniae commonly children , coupled nontoxic variant diphtheria toxin 23 causing majority disease ; ( IPV ) Salk v . formalin - inactivated ( OPV ) Sabin v . species . chick chicken fibroblasts ; pre - post - exposure immunization . rabies ; culture human diploid cell v . fibroblasts purified chick embryo cell v . ) , fetal rhesus concentrated adsorption aluminum phosphate ( rabies adsorbed ) . replicative organisms are able reproduce , including bacteria . mixture four cells ; rotaviral gastroenteritis mumps viruses Sabin poliovirus v . live oral Salk poliovirus v . inactivated subunit subunits thus having reactions vaccines . several Salmonella typhi typhoid fever heat - phenol - inactivated Ty21a , Vi polysaccharide . human herpesvirus 3 varicella - zoster virus production herpes zoster yellow fever virus yellow fever Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( văk - sēn ′ , văk ′ sēn ′ ) n . a . weakened pathogen , bacterium portion pathogen ' s structure upon individual antibody cellular incapable severe infection . cowpox protects smallpox when individual . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . [ vaksēn ′ , vak ′ sēn , - sin ] Etymology : L , vaccinus intradermally , intramuscularly , orally , disease . Viruses rickettsia some vaccines are avian embryos , rabbit brain tissue , monkey kidney tissue , organisms formalin , phenol , beta - propiolactone . Bacteria acetone , formalin , heat , phenol . Vaccines single agents combinations . Compare antiserum Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Immunology live - attenuated , killed , complete incomplete products , contains capable stimulating antibodies pathogen ; biochemically synthesized made DNA techniques Effective Diphtheria , HAV , HBV , influenza , pertussis , S pneumoniae McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . vac · cine vak - sēn ' Any intended immunologic prophylaxis , e.g. , virulent living ( variant mutant ) strains , microbial , fungal , plant , protozoal , metazoan derivatives product . [ L . vaccinus , relating cow , vacca ] Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 particular modified safe , promote ANTIBODIES organism purposes future protection infection . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 ( see ATTENUATION ) .or ( killed ) ( or part product them ) , stimulate IMMUNE RESPONSE recipient , gains IMMUNITY The polio example contains viruses , whereas polio LIVE VACCINE The name comes Latin ‘ of cows ’ , relates work Edward JENNER cowpox . Vaccines quick - acting , rely recipient build up supply ANTIBODIES gradually . Compare SERUM ( 3 ) . See COMBINATION VACCINE DNA VACCINE SUBUNIT VACCINE Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 Vaccine using non - infectious element relative particular intention halting progress infection , completely preventing Mentioned in : Encephalitis Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis E Smallpox Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . designed act Vaccine ; bacille Calmette — Guérin Mycobacterium tuberculosis into skin ; triggers host immune response dead epitopes living , attenuated , Illustrated Dictionary of Podiatry and Foot Science by Jean Mooney © 2009 Elsevier Limited . All rights reserved . vac · cine vak - sēn ' Originally , ( vaccinia , cowpox ) obtained calves seed virus . Usage extended meaning include essentially prophylaxis . cow , vacca ] Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 vaccine ( vaksēn ) produce kills microbes , microbes , can antibody without producing disease . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . amelioration anti - idiotype made determinants located variable domains immunoglobulin molecules . Proposed means regulating substitute vaccination . sarcoma sarcoma lost retained Attenuated particularly found naturally they laboratory , example adaptation new medium they DNA technology . material animal vaccinated , e.g . wart bacterial injected , sometimes pyrogenetic effects certain noninfectious biosynthetic formulation protective , noninfectious , biological system . caprinized serial passage through goats , e.g . caprinized rinderpest In susceptible cattle this significant lapinized preferred . core should always included basic program dead vaccine ; killed . sequences code proteins located appropriately constructed plasmids strong promoters , when injected into animal taken up expressed elicit response . No licensed concerns about safety resolved . heterotypic developed antigenically distinct related being immunized , protect dogs canine distemper . homotypic developed same immunized against . fibroblast cells . ( above ) . ( KV ) ( above ) . attenuated , microorganisms . lymph material vaccinia collected vaccinial vesicles calves ; smallpox . mixed modified ( MLV ) species microorganisms . created technology . only synthetic peptide using synthetic short peptides correspond major epitopes viral elicit response . virus - vectored use vectors carry selected genes another immunization . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Patient discussion about vaccine Q . Do Autism ? I heard all over news lately we give our Autism . Is true ? Is dangerous ? Should I vaccinate my year old son ? A . NO Andrew Wakefield MD started controversy publish idea Lancet . He was paid 130,000 dollars lie Check link full story : http : / / www . thedoctorsvideos . com / video / 749 / MMR - and - Autism - The - Andrew - Wakefield - Story Q . Who Should Receive Flu Vaccine ? go get vaccinated flu ? told advised only certain people , should receive vaccine ? A . before you would like go vaccination , you check out long list links create your own opinion : http : / / www . aegis . ch / neu / links . html bottom will find links english . vaccinations general disputable / dubious probably time we learn about Does flu protect all kinds flu ? If get flu mean am completely protected getting No , give complete protection out there . protects common flu , are : H3N2 , H1N1 More discussions about vaccine This content is provided by iMedix and is subject to iMedix Terms . The Questions and Answers are not endorsed or recommended and are made available by patients , not doctors . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Recombinant + vaccines " > vaccine < / a > Mentioned in acellular vaccine AIDS vaccine anthrax vaccine attenuated vaccine autogenous vaccine bacille Calmette - Guérin Bacillus Calmette - Guerin vaccine bacterial vaccine BCG vaccine Calmette - Guérin bacillus Castañeda ’ s vaccine chickenpox cholera vaccine cowpox vaccine diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine diphtheria vaccine DNA vaccine DPT adsorbed and Haemophilus b conjugate vaccine DPT vaccine Medical browser ▲ recognize Recognized Continuing Education Evaluation Mechanism recoil recoil atom recoil thrust recollection recombinant blood factor VIII recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid recombinant DNA Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee recombinant DNA hepatitis B vaccine recombinant DNA technology recombinant factor VIII concentrate recombinant FVIIa concentrate recombinant gamete recombinant human antihemophilic factor recombinant human bone morpho - genetic protein recombinant human interleukin 11 recombinant Lyme test recombinant pharmacology recombinant protein recombinant toxin recombinant tPA recombinant vaccine Recombinant vaccines recombinant vector recombinase recombination recombination fraction recombination repair recombinatorial repair recombine Recombivax HB recommendation recommended control range recommended daily allowance recommended daily allowance ( RDA ) Recommended Dietary Allowance recommended dietary allowances recommended optimum nutrient intakes recommended practice recomposition recompression Recompression Treatment recon reconcentration reconditioning reconstitute reconstituted blood reconstitution ▼ Full browser ▲ Recombinant Replication Protein A Recombinant Salmon Growth Hormone Recombinant Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor Recombinant Secretory Leukocyte Proteinase Inhibitor Recombinant Semliki Forest Virus Recombinant Simian Virus 5 Recombinant Soluble Complement Receptor type 1 Recombinant Stem Cell Factor recombinant strain recombinant strain Recombinant Streptococcal Pyrogenic Exotoxin Recombinant Streptococcal Pyrogenic Exotoxin A Recombinant technology Recombinant technology Recombinant Thymus Cell Replacing Factor Recombinant Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor Recombinant Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator recombinant toxin recombinant tPA Recombinant Transforming Growth Factor Recombinant Tumor Necrosis Factor recombinant vaccine Recombinant Vaccinia Virus Recombinant Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor recombinant vector Recombinant Vesicle - Associated Membrane Protein Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Recombinant Virus Database Recombinant Von Willebrand Factor Recombinant Wild - Type Recombinant Yeast Assay Recombinant - DNA Advisory Committee recombinants recombinants recombinase Recombinase - Activating Gene Recombinase - Mediated Cassette Exchange Recombinases Recombinases Recombinate Recombinate recombination Recombination ( genetics ) Recombination Activating Gene 1 recombination activating gene cohort 2 recombination coefficient recombination electroluminescence ▼
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Request+for+Proposals
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request for proposal ( redirected from Request for Proposals Also found in : Financial Encyclopedia request for proposal ( RFP ) [ rikwest ′ ] Etymology : L , requaerere , to require , propronere , to propound a solicitation by a funding agency for proposals accomplish particular goal . The RFP lists the requirements project must meet receive funding . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . request for proposal RFP Notification by foundation or government agency that funds are available for research projects and that research sponsors are seeking applicants those funds . Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners request for proposal ( RFP ) , n solicitation funding proposals accomplish particular goal . The lists the requirements project must meet receive funding . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Request + for + Proposals " > request for proposal < / a > Mentioned in Acknowledgment of Federal Funding Medical browser ▲ reproductive organ Reproductive organs reproductive phase reproductive potential reproductive responsibility Reproductive Sex reproductive system reproductive technology management reproductive toxicity reproductive toxin reproductive tract infection Repronal Repronex reproterol reptilase reptilase time reptile reptiles reptiles , fear of Reptilia repullulation repulsion reputation request for production of documents and things Request for Proposals request for resources Requip require arch length required arch length required service required surgery requirement requisition requisition form requisition slip RER re - referral RES res ipsa loquitur res judicata Res . Phys resazurin rescinnamine rescission Resco nail trimmer Rescriptor rescue rescue adjunctive coronary angioplasty rescue angioplasty rescue breath ▼ Full browser ▲ Request For Payment Request For Payment Request for Payroll Action Request for Personnel Action Request for Pre - Qualifications Request for Preauthorized Checking Request for price quotation Request for price quotation Request For Price / Product Request for Printing Request for Problem Investigation Request For Procurement Request for Procurement Action Request for Product Certification Request for Product Enhancement Request for Product Qualification Request for Production Request for Production of Documents request for production of documents and things Request for Project Approval Request for Project Authorization Request for Proposal Request for Proposal Request For Proposal Quote Request for Proposal Support Office Request For Prosecution Request for Public Assistance Request for Purchase Request for Purchasing Authority Request for Qualifications Request for Qualifications Request for Qualifications / Proposals Request for Qualified Contractors Request for Qualified Vendor Application Request for Quotation Request For Quote Request for Rate Request for Raw Data Record Request for Referrals Request for Renewal Proposal Request for Repair Request for Request - To - Send Request for Requisition Request for Resolution Request For Resources Request For Resources Request for Response Action request for retrial request for review request for review Request For Sample Request for Sealed Proposal Request For Service Request for Service Message Request for Services Contract Approval ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Research+Ethics+Committee
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research ethics committee Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Acronyms research ethics committee A committee found in all institutions that conduct research on living organisms , and from which all research on human tissue must be approved . RECs have lay and professional member are overseen by National Research Ethics Service , which is part of the NHS National Patient Safety Committee REC Remit Protect the dignity , rights , safety well - being of actual potential participants . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / research + ethics + committee " > research ethics committee < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in MREC REC UKECA References in periodicals archive What does organizational diversity in New Zealand tertiary sector research ethics committees teach us about balancing consultative and governance approaches to ethics review ? Protection of the human research participant : a structured review Statement of the University of Zambia Research Ethics Committees ( UNZA RECS ) . Evaluacion rapida de la capacidad institucional de investigacion etica : un estudio de caso en zambia Institutes the world over are increasingly allocating considerable resources to establishing or strengthening research ethics committees Self - evaluation of ethical review committee ' s functioning at Foundation University Medical College ( FUMC ) through structured constitution - practice - outcome ( CPO ) assessment model O these , six were from Research Ethics Committees ( RECs ) . Approval of the resolution governing the ethics of research in social sciences , the humanities , and other disciplines that use methodologies characteristic of these areas : challenges and achievements Monitoring the ethical conduct of research to ensure adherence to ethical standards is thus a clear requirement for Nigerian Health ( HRECs ) . Development of guidelines for the conduct of HIV research monitoring by ethics committees in Nigeria Explain the role of Human ( HRECs ) . Ethics in statistics NHS Governance arrangements for , 2012 ) . Rebuilding a research ethics committee Once the form is complete and you have satisfied the requirements of IRAS , the form is then used to submit to the local R&D department for approval and to the local A simple guide to gaining ethical approval for perioperative nursing research The AIATSIS Research Ethics Committee provides an annual compliance report to that body . Bringing ethics up to date ? A review of the AIATSIS ethical guidelines Health in South Africa 12 years into democracy . Procedures & operations of Institutional Ethics Committees in public sector hospitals in Delhi , India Whilst a hospital ' s provides a form of virtual research governance ( directing researchers to many documents to assist interpretation of effective research governance ) , the onus has been largely on the individual researcher to implement research governance as they understand it . Practical research governance 101 All studies will be approved by an appropriate Research Ethics Committee MERSEYSIDE Briefing More results ► Medical browser ▲ RES res ipsa loquitur res judicata Res . Phys resazurin rescinnamine rescission Resco nail trimmer Rescriptor rescue rescue adjunctive coronary angioplasty rescue angioplasty rescue breath rescue breathing Rescue Fantasy rescue grass rescue medication Rescue Remedy Rescue Robot rescue therapy rescue tool research and development Research Assessment Exercise research data collection Research Excellence Framework research governance research hypothesis Research Institute for Fragrance Materials research instrument research measurement research radiopharmaceutical research - use only resect resectable Resectable cancer resection resection arthroplasty resectoscope resectoscope electrode resectoscope sheath resectoscopy resedation reserpine reservation of rights reserve reserve capacity reserve cell carcinoma reserve force reserve tooth germ ▼ Full browser ▲ research director Research Distinction Track Research doctorate Research doctorate Research Domain Criteria Research Down Syndrome Research Earth Borer Research Education for Teachers Research Education in Disaster Mental Health Research Effort / Test Research Electro - Optics , Inc . Research Electronics Support Facility Research Endowment Trust Fund Research Engineering Research Engineering Standing Group Research Engineers International Research Enterprise Engagement Research Enterprise Office Research Environment for Comparative Genomics Research Environment for Vehicle - Embedded Analysis on Linux Research Epidemiology Geographic Software Research Equipment Affinity Group Research Equipment Grant Research Equipment Incorporated research establishment Research Ethics and Compliance Unit Research Ethics Appeal Board Research Ethics Board Research Ethics Program Research Evaluation and Analysis Research Evaluation and Data Research Evaluation and Information Research Evaluation and Policy Project Research Evaluation and Technical Assistance Research Evaluation Unit Research Evidence in Education Library Research Excellence Framework Research Excellence Grants Scheme Research Exchange Network Research Executive Agency Research Expenditure Report Research Experience for Peruvian Undergraduates Research Experience for Undergraduates Research Experience in Earth System Science Research Experiences for Teachers Research Experiences for Teachers in Engineering Research Experiences in Algebraic Combinatorics at Harvard Research Experiences to Enhance Learning Research Exploration Framework Research Facilities Improvement Program research facility Research fellow Research fellow Research Fellow Partnership Programme research fellows ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Sacroiliac+joint
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sacroiliac joint Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Financial Acronyms Encyclopedia Wikipedia joint joint the site of the junction or union of two or more bones body ; its primary function is to provide motion and flexibility to frame body . Some are immovable , such as sutures where segments bone are fused together in skull . Others , such as those between vertebrae , gliding joints and have limited motion . However , most joints allow considerable motion . The most common type synovial joints which have a complex internal structure , composed not only ends bones but also ligaments cartilage articular capsule synovial membrane sometimes bursae acromioclavicular point at which clavicle joins with acromion . ankle between foot leg ; see ankle arthrodial gliding joint ball - and - socket a synovial joint in rounded spheroidal surface one bone ( the “ ball ” ) moves within cup - shaped depression ( the “ socket ” ) on another bone , allowing greater freedom movement than any other type joint . See illustration . Called also polyaxial spheroidal joint bicondylar condylar joint with meniscus articular surfaces , temporomandibular joint cartilaginous synarthrosis united by cartilage , providing slight flexible movement ; two types synchondrosis symphysis composite compound synovial joint more than involved . condylar condyloid one an ovoid head moves an elliptical cavity another , permitting all movements except axial rotation ; this is found at wrist , connecting radius carpal bones , base index finger . See illustration . diarthrodial elbow humerus ulna radius elbow ellipsoidal condylar joint facet j ' s articulations vertebral column . fibrous union bony elements by continuous intervening fibrous tissue , makes little motion possible ; three types suture syndesmosis gomphosis Called immovable synarthrodial joint synarthrosis flail unusually mobile joint , results when resection done relieve pain . glenohumeral formed head humerus glenoid cavity scapula humeral joint shoulder joint gliding opposed surfaces flat only slightly curved , so that slide against each other simple limited way . The intervertebral joints this type , many small wrist meet gliding joints . arthrodial joint plane joint hinge that allows movement plane , forward backward . Examples interphalangeal fingers . jaw primarily hinge but it can move somewhat from side side . knee allow some rotary movement . ginglymus hip formed femur acetabulum hip . illustration hip humeral glenohumeral immovable fibrous j . knee compound joint femur patella tibia pivot pivots within bony osseoligamentous ring , allowing rotary movement ; example first second cervical vertebrae atlas axis ) . trochoid joint plane gliding joint polyaxial ball - and - socket joint pivot joint sacroiliac sacrum ilium lower back ; see sacroiliac joint saddle whose resembles rider on horseback , who can shift several directions will ; there saddle base thumb , so thumb flexible complex fingers difficult treat if injured . shoulder humeral joint simple involved . spheroidal ball - and - socket joint synarthrodial fibrous j . synovial specialized permits less free movement , elements being surrounded articular capsule enclosing lined synovial membrane articulation diarthrosis A capillary network synovial provides nutrients fluid nourish lubricate space . Strong bands cords ligaments give strength security joints . majority body ' s type . They divided into five according structure motion : ball and socket pivot Joints . trochoid pivot joint temporomandibular ( TMJ ) bicondylar joint mandible mandibular fossa , articular tubercle temporal temporomandibular joint disorder sacroiliac sa ″ kro - il e - ak pertaining sacrum ilium them , lower part back where they meet . disease chronic tuberculous inflammation they meet either side back . tight allows little subject great stress , body ' s weight pushes downward legs pelvis push upward against joint . must bear leverage demands made trunk body it turns , twists , pulls , pushes . When these motions place excess stress binding connecting muscles ( such during weight lifting ) , strain may result . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . sa · cro · il · i · ac joint [ TA ] either auricular surface ilium . Synonym ( s ) : articulatio sacroiliaca [ TA ] , sacroiliac articulation Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 back . tight subject great stress pushes downward legs pelvis push upward must bear leverage demands made trunk body turns , twists , pulls , pushes . When these motions place excess binding muscles ( such during weightlifting ) , strain may result . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . sa · cro · il · i · ac joint sā ' krō - il ' ē - ak joynt [ TA ] ilium . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 articulation spine pelvis ; iliac Illustrated Dictionary of Podiatry and Foot Science by Jean Mooney © 2009 Elsevier Limited . All rights reserved . sā ' krō - il ' ē - ak joynt Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 sacroiliac joint ( sak rōil ēak ) n irregular pelvis . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . pertaining ilium , bones , part back both sides Table 11 . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / sacroiliac + joint " > sacroiliac joint < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in AC joint acne - associated arthritis acromioclavicular joint ala of sacrum ankle joint ankylosing spondylitis anterior sacroiliac ligaments arterial line arthrodial joint articulatio bamboo spine bicondylar joint bilateral straight leg raise test bismuth line blue line Capuron point Capuron points Capuron , Joseph References in periodicals archive The time - averaged inflammatory disease activity estimates the progression of erosions in MRI of the sacroiliac joints in ankylosing spondylitis . Role of Diffusion - weighted and Contrast - enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Differentiating Activity of Ankylosing Spondylitis Hence , the mobility of the is enhanced and may lead to a transiliac instability based on sacroiliac hypermobility [ 22 ] . An Atraumatic Symphysiolysis with a Unilateral Injured Sacroiliac Joint in a Patient with Cushing ' s Disease : A Loss of Pelvic Stability Related to Ligamentous Insufficiency ? Treatment Op tions for Refractory Sacroiliac Joint Pain [ internet ] . Utilidad a largo plazo de la rizotomia percutanea por radiofrecuencia para el tratamiento del sindrome de disfuncion de la articulacion sacroiliaca The use of color Doppler imaging for the assessment of stiffness : a study on embalmed human pelvises . The role of ultrasound in diagnosis of the causes of low back pain : a review of the literature The anteroposterior plain radiograph of the pelvis shows symmetrical dense radiopaque condensation localized to the lower part of the sacroiliac joints ( Figure 1 ) . Low back pain due to the osteitis condensans ilii / Osteitis kondensans ilii ' e bagli bel agrisi Timm K ( 1999 ) Sacroiliac Joint dysfunction in elite rowers . Reflections on the growth of musculoskeletal physiotherapy in New Zealand over the last 100 years and the contribution of New Zealand physiotherapists on the world stage 5cm , widening of the anterior caused by disruption of the anterior sacroiliac , sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments . Advanced trauma life support radiographic trauma series : Part 3 - - the pelvis radiograph A variety of pain referral patterns have been linked to dysfunction : buttock pain ; lumbar pain ; groin pain ; lower extremity pain ; distal knee pain ; and foot pain [ 37 ] . The Lumbosacral spine : kinesiology , physical rehabilitation , and interventional pain medicine A major reason for the delay is the requirement for radiographic sacroiliitis to be present , and the intrinsic delay for such changes to occur in the Ankylosing spondylitis : new criteria , new treatments CT examination of the abdomen and pelvis ( with oral and IV contrast ) demonstrated a large , complex , multiloculated fluid collection involving the left gluteal musculature , left illiacus muscle , left obturator internus muscle , left iliopsoas muscle , and the left iliopsoas bursae ( Figures 2A , C and D ) In addition , bone windows demonstrated erosive changes in the left ( Figure 2B ) . Septic arthropathy of the sacroiliac joint The eight recommendations include one regarding the use of diagnostic discography and nerve root , facet joint , and medial branch nerve blocks in this population . Rehabilitation for low back pain : interventional therapies , surgery and interdisciplinary rehabilitation for low back pain There ' s a in your back and mine was in the wrong position . I CAN BE THE NEW NAKA More results ► Medical browser ▲ sacrifice sacro - sacroanterior sacroanterior position sacrocaudal sacrococcygeal sacrococcygeal abscess sacrococcygeal disc sacrococcygeal joint sacrococcygeal muscle sacrococcygeal teratoma sacrococcygeus sacrocolpopexy sacrocolpopexy procedure sacrocoxalgia sacrocoxitis sacrodural ligament sacrodynia sacrogenital folds sacroiliac ( SI ) joint sacroiliac articulation sacroiliac compression test Sacroiliac Disease sacroiliac distraction test sacroiliac ligament sacroiliac ligaments sacroiliitis sacrolisthesis sacrolumbalis sacrolumbar sacrolumbar angle sacro - occipital technique sacropelvic sacropelvic surface of ilium sacroposterior sacroposterior position sacrosciatic sacrosidase sacrospinal sacrospinalis sacrospinous ligament sacrospinous vaginal vault suspension procedure sacrotomy sacrotransverse ( ST ) position sacrotransverse position sacrotuberous ligament sacrouterine sacrouterine fold ▼ Full browser ▲ sacrococcygeal muscle , posterior Sacrococcygeal symphysis Sacrococcygeal teratoma Sacrococcygeal teratoma Sacrococcygeal tumor sacrococcygeus sacrocolpopexy sacrocolpopexy procedure sacrocostal sacrocoxalgia sacrocoxitis sacrodural ligament sacrodynia sacrogenital folds sacroiliac ( SI ) joint Sacroiliac articulation Sacroiliac articulations sacroiliac compression test Sacroiliac Disease sacroiliac distraction test Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction Sacroiliac Joints sacroiliac ligament sacroiliac ligaments sacroiliac SI joint Sacroiliitis Sacroiliitis sacroilitis sacrolisthesis sacrolumbalis sacrolumbar sacrolumbar angle sacropelvic sacropelvic surface of ilium Sacrophagus Sacrophagus Sacrophogus Sacrophogus sacroposterior sacroposterior position sacrosanct sacrosanct ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Schwann+cells
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Schwann cells Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia Schwann cells shwahn ) , cells of ectodermal ( neural crest ) origin that compose a continuous envelope around each nerve fiber of peripheral nerves ; such cells are comparable with the oligodendroglia brain and spinal cord ; like the latter , they may form membranous expansions that wind around axons and thus form axon ' s myelin sheath . Synonym ( s ) : neurilemma cells neurolemma cells Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 shwahn selz Cells ectodermal ( neural crest ) origin compose a continuous envelope each nerve fiber peripheral nerves . Synonym ( s ) : neurilemma cells neurolemma cells Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 Schwann , Theodor , German histologist physiologist , 1810 - 1882 . Schwann cell unit single Schwann cell all axons lying in troughs indenting its surface . nerves . neurilemma tumor white substance lipid material present in myelin sheath fibers ; medulla bones other organs . schwannoma neurilemoma neuroschwannoma sheath enfolds one or more nervous system . neurilemma Medical Eponyms © Farlex 2012 see Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Schwann + cells " > Schwann cells < / a > Mentioned in acoustic neurilemoma acoustic neuroma acoustic schwannoma acoustic tumor adipsin amputation neuroma Antoni patterns Antoni type A neurilemoma Antoni type B neurilemoma Antoni , Nils AREG axon axonotmesis basement lamina basement membrane boundary lamina Bungner ' s bands carotid sheath CD57 Medical browser ▲ Schultze ' s mechanism Schumann resonance Schumm , Otto Schussler Cell Salts Schüssler ’ s biochemical system of medicine Schüssler ’ s tissue salts Schutz Schutz rule Schutz , Erich Schutz , Hugo SCHWA Schwabach Schwabach test Schwabach , Dagobert Schwabach ' s test Schwachman syndrome Schwalbe Schwalbe line Schwalbe ring Schwalbe , Gustav A . Schwalbe , Gustav Albert Schwalbe ' s ring Schwann cell Schwann cell unit Schwann , Theodor Schwann , Theodore schwannoma schwannomatosis schwannosis Schwann ' s sheath Schwartz Schwartz bed Schwartz osteotomy Schwartz syndrome Schwartz tractotomy Schwartz , Henry Schwartz , Oscar Schwartz , R . Plato Schwartz , Samuel Schwartz , William Schwartze sign Schwartze , Hermann Hugo Rudolf Schwartz - Jampel syndrome Schwartzman - Sanarelli phenomenon Schwarz Schweigger - Seidel Schweigger - Seidel , Franz Schweinepest Schweinsberger disease ▼ Full browser ▲ Schwalbe , Gustav A . Schwalbe , Gustav Albert Schwamb , Heiling , Von Glass Schwan cell Schwan cell Schwanda Schwandorf Schwanenburg Schwangerschafts - Protein 1 Schwank Schwann ( disambiguation ) Schwann ( disambiguation ) Schwann cell Schwann Cell Basement Membrane Schwann Cell Enhancer 1 Schwann cell unit Schwann membrane Schwann membrane Schwann sheath Schwann Theodor Schwann tumor Schwann tumor Schwann white substance Schwann white substance Schwann ' s Cell Schwann ' s sheath Schwann ' s white substance Schwann , Theodor Schwann , Theodor Ambrose Hubert Schwann , Theodor Ambrose Hubert Schwann , Theodore Schwannoma , malignant Schwannoma , malignant ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"Schwann cells",
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Scoville+scale
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Scoville scale Also found in : Acronyms Wikipedia A system devised in 1912 by Wilber Lincoln Scoville for determining the relative ‘ spiciness ’ of hot peppers ; under the Scoville method , a dried pepper is dissolved in alcohol , serially diluted sugar water and given to a panel of tasters who sip increasingly diluted concentrations peppers out shot glass to point at which tasters no longer have sensation burning Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . Scoville scale Nutrition / masochism A system devised by WL for determining relative ' spiciness ' hot peppers ; dried pepper is dissolved alcohol , serially sugar water and given panel who sip increasingly concentrations peppers . See Capsaicin Spicy food McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Scoville + scale " > Scoville scale < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in scale References in periodicals archive A ghost chillie also measures over a million on the REAP IT . . . AND WEEP ; Ross tries new pizza that ' s ' hotter than hell ' The US military uses pepper spray which registers at around 2m on the Welshman grows world ' s hottest chilli - so fiery it could kill you The awards were named after the Scoville Scale , a measurement of the spicy heat of a chile pepper . Lucky Dog Hot Sauce Wins Grand Prize at World ' s Most Competitive Fiery Foods Contest The Scoville Scale was   ; assembled from sources and charts from all over the web , and from many sauce manufacturers themselves . Celebrate National Hot Sauce Day After several trips to various parts of the Asian continent , however , your reviewer is a fan of the higher end of the , so no problem here but perhaps unexpectedly spicy for some as a starter . Temple of fine dining 4MILLION on the chilli heat , it is 400 times hotter than a jalapeno , 600 times hotter than tabasco , 14 times hotter than the hottest curry - house vindaloo and four times hotter than every spice - lover ' s previous favourite fireball chilli , the Scotch bonnet . The real red hot chilli peppers ; Mirror girl tests UK ' s fiercest The meal went up on the with the arrival of the Spicy Seafood Dumplings , which were steamed with chilli oil , but then came the two stars of the day - - Duck Dumplings , steamed with hoisin and plum sauce , a brilliant alternative to the standard Peking duck rolls , and Crab Dumplings , which are crab sticks wrapped with prawns and served on a bed of black bean sauce and burnt garlic . Get A Taste of Dim Sum Temptation 5m on the - the universally accepted gauge of hotness - making it one of the hottest chillies available . RED HOT CHILLI PEPPE PEPPERS RS R JAM IN WALES The is the measure of the hotness ( capsaicin ) of a chili pepper . Eating chilli : A spicy and healthy activity The pizza being offered by Little Italy Pizza Company and it rates a whopping 12million units on the used to rank spicy food . World ' s hottest pizza can make ' tongues bleed ' Zero is bland , and a regular jalapeno pepper registers around 5,000 on the World ' s hottest pepper is grown in South Carolina They may be small in size , but they pack a potent punch of heat , topping the at 100,000 to 350,000 heat units . Sensational salsa peppers : grow your way to saucy success with a cachet of colorful peppers More results ► Medical browser ▲ Scottie Scottish “ green card ” Scottish blackface Scottish Care Information Programme Scottish deerhound Scottish Drugs Misuse Database Scottish Executive Health Department Scottish fancy Scottish fold Scottish osteodystrophy Scottish Rite Scottish terrier Scott - Wilson Scott - Wilson reagent Scott - Wilson , H . Scotty Scotty cramp scotty dog Scotty Dog Sign SCOTUS scour scouring scours scout film Scoville retractor SCP SCPK SCR scr . Scrabble SCRAM bracelet scramble Scrambled Egg Appearance scrape scraper scrapie scraping scratch scratch test scratches scratching scrattage screamer ' s nodule screed conveyor screen screen defense screen failure screen memory screen oxygenator screen time ▼ Full browser ▲ scouts around for us scouts around for you Scouts du Liban Scouts for Equality scouts her out scouts him out scouts honor scouts honour scouts it out scouts me out Scouts Musulmans de France Scouts on Stamps Society International scouts one out scouts out Scouts Royale Brotherhood Scouts Royale Sisterhood scouts them out scouts us out scouts you out Scouts - Guides de France SCOVA SCOVE Scovel Scoville Heat Unit Scoville Heat Unit Scoville heat units Scoville Organoleptic Test Scoville rating Scoville retractor Scoville Unit Scoville Unit Scoville units Scoville , Joseph Alfred SCOVO scow scow SCOWAH SCOWAR scowder SCOWECL Scowerers scowl scowl scowl at scowled scowler scowlers scowling Scowling Street Terror scowlingly scowls scowp SCOWR scowrer scowrie Scows Scows ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"Dictionary",
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Sham+Injection
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Sham Injection The injection of a placebo or agent that simulates a drug being administered in clinical trial Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Sham + Injection " > Sham Injection < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . References in periodicals archive Patients were randomly divided into 4 groups : sham injection + prompt laser , 0 . Corticosteroid treatment in diabetic macular edema Group 1 consisted of 8 rats , injected on day 0 and sacrificed on day 14 ; 3 received sham injection , 5 received Botox [ R ] injection . The effect of intraglandular botox [ r ] on salivary glands mitotic rate : a pilot study The multi - centre , double - masked , sham - controlled trial was designed to assess the safety and efficacy of aflibercept solution , with three quarters of patients receiving an injection of aflibercept solution and one quarter receiving a Bayer HealthCare submits marketing authorisation application for aflibercept solution from European Medicines Agency For experiments involving injections , three treatments were used : ( 1 ) intact controls ( no injection ) , ( 2 ) ( injection of crustacean saline ) , and ( 3 ) injection of eyestalk extract . Functional characterization of neuroendocrine regulation of branchial carbonic anhydrase induction in the euryhaline crab Callinectes sapidus Four to six months after the injection , the total number of hot flashes was n ' t significantly different between the real - and sham - treated groups , but the number of moderate to severe hot flashes was cut in half for women who got the real nerve block ( 52 percent ) compared with just 4 percent for the women who got the Injecting anesthetic near nerve bundle in neck reduces hot flashes significantly 1 ml ) , Group B , patients received , while Group C patients received topical bevacizumab ( 2 . Efficacy of sub - conjunctival and topical bevacizumab in high - risk corneal transplant survival Bees that got IRS - inhibiting injections collected more pollen than bees given a Foraging bees go with their guts : gene helps determine preference between nectar and pollen Two trials involving about two hundred patients , published in the August 6th issue of the New England Journal of Medicine , found that vertebroplasty - - which costs $ 2,500 or more , plus $ 1,000 to $ 2,000 for an MRI scan - - was no better than a for relieving back pain from spinal fractures . The nesting - egg problem : why comparative effectiveness research is trickier than it looks In a prospective double - blind study of 64 women who suffered inadvertent dural puncture with a 17 - gauge epidural needle and were randomized to receive either a prophylactic blood patch or a , the incidence of postdural puncture headache ( PDPH ) was identical in both groups ( 56 % ) . Low rate of complications : patch may ease postdural puncture headache 5 mg Lucentis ( n = 252 ) or ( control group , n = 257 ) . FDA Approves Lucentis [ R ] ( Ranibizumab Injection ) for Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema ( DME ) 8 percent of patients in the group vs . Two Pivotal Phase III Lucentis Studies Showed Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema Experienced Significant Improvements in Vision and Fewer Developed More Advanced Retinopathy 5 mg plus sham laser treatment , ranibizumab plus active laser treatment , and plus active laser treatment . Novartis announces data from ranibizumab study for treatment of visual impairment due to DME More results ► Medical browser ▲ Shagreen Patch shagreen skin shake & bake Sx Shake and Bake shake culture shake test shaken baby syndrome shaken - baby syndrome shaker calf syndrome shaker dogs shaker foals shaker pigs shaker / baker / water shakes shaking shaking ague shaking palsy shaking pup shakra shallow breathing shallow dose equivalent shallow water syncope sham sham drinking sham feeding Sham Injection sham peer review sham rage sham therapy sham urination shaman shamanic state of consciousness shamanism shamanistic shame sham - movement vertigo Shamonda virus shampoo Shanghai fever shank shank family shank stiffener SHANK1 SHANK2 SHANK3 shanka bhasma Shankhapushpi shankings shao yang shaoyin shape ▼ Full browser ▲ shalwar kameezes shalwar kameezes Shalwar kamiz Shalwar Qameez Shalwar Qamis Shalwar qamiz shalwars shalwars Shaly Shaly shaly bedding Shalygino sham sham Abraham sham Abram Sham Chun Sham Chun sham door sham door sham drinking Sham el - Nessim sham feeding Sham marriage Sham Operated Fed a Liquid Diet Sham peer review Sham plea sham rage sham therapy Sham Tseng Development sham urination sham - movement vertigo Shama Shama shamable shamable Shamai Shamakha Shamakhi Shamakhy Shamal Shamal Shamaldy - Sai shamals shamals Shamama Makhmudali Kyzy Gasanova shaman ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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"Sham Injection"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Sound+frequency
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sound ( redirected from Sound frequency Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Encyclopedia sound sownd 1 . a slender instrument to be introduced into body passages or cavities , especially for the dilatation of strictures or detection of foreign bodies . Sound . From Dorland ' s , 2000 . 2 . the sensation resulting from stimulation ear by vibrations air some other elastic medium with a frequency between 20 and 20,000 Hz . 3 . noise , normal abnormal , heard within body ; see also under bruit fremitus murmur and rale adventitious s ' s abnormal auscultatory sounds heard over lungs , such as rales rhonchi any abnormal types resonance they are usually characterized as either continuous discontinuous sounds . See also breath sounds auscultatory s ' s on auscultation such heart sounds breath adventitious Korotkoff bowel high - pitched abdominal caused by propulsion contents intestines ; see bowel sounds air moving through tracheobronchial tree , during auscultation chest . There are four main types : bronchial high - pitched ones normally over manubrium sterni but indicative consolidation compression when elsewhere ; bronchovesicular intermediate between bronchial vesicular normal on certain peripheral parts thorax but indicative partial consolidation if lung ; cavernous ones with hollow resonance cavity in lung ; vesicular low - pitched lung during ventilation . Called respiratory continuous that last longer than 0.2 sec ; they include wheezes rhonchi discontinuous that last less than 0.2 sec come in series ; most common kind rales crackles ejection clicking septal defects just after first heart sound attributed to sudden distention dilated pulmonary artery aorta forceful opening pulmonic aortic cusps . friction friction rub heart heart sounds Korotkoff determination blood pressure thought be produced vibratory motion arterial wall artery suddenly distends when compressed pneumatic blood pressure cuff . Origin may within blood passing through vessel wall itself . percussion any obtained percussion physiological those an external acoustic meatus is plugged , caused rush vessels near inner ear adjacent muscles low - frequency vibration . respiratory succussion splashing succussion distended stomach hydropneumothorax to - and - fro to - and - fro murmur urethral long , slender instrument for exploring dilating urethra . voice lungs airways patient speaks ; increased indicates effusion Types include bronchophony egophony laryngophony tracheophony white produced mixture all frequencies mechanical vibration perceptible sound . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . sownd ) , 1 . The vibrations sounding body , transmitted other medium , perceived internal ear . 2 . An elongated cylindric , usually curved , metal instrument , used exploring bladder cavities body , dilating strictures urethra , esophagus , canal , calibrating lumen body cavity , detecting presence foreign cavity . 3 . To explore calibrate cavity sound . 4 . Whole ; healthy ; not diseased injured . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 pressure wave propagating an elastic medium ; waves frequency 20 – 20,000 Hz cause sensation hearing effect organ hearing medium . noise , abnormal , body . 4 . introduced into detect dilate stricture . auscultatory sounds lung , aortic second audible related closure valve ; symbol A2 . those breath sounds adventitious sounds respiratory s ' s tract ; ventricular normally at certain places , whereas cavernous one indicates lung cavity . adventitious sounds lasting longer sec , wheezes lasting less sec coming series ; most common ejection clicking just after first heart sound , at maximal opening semilunar valves ; seen patients valvular abnormalities dilatations pulmonary arteries . friction under rub cardiac region , functioning heart . The first , beginning ventricular systole , is dull , firm , prolonged , “ lubb ” sound ; second , mainly closure semilunar valves , shorter sharper “ dupp ” sound ; third audible only youth ; fourth inaudible . hippocratic succussion s ' s determination pressure . obtained percussion . pulmonic second related valve ; symbol P2 . breath s ' s splashing distended stomach hydropneumothorax . to - and - fro urethral long , urethra . valvular resulting from abnormality one both valves . vascular abnormality aorta without either valve . voice auscultatory sounds lungs airways patient speaks ; increased effusion . white mixture all frequencies mechanical vibration perceptible Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . 1 ( sound ) n . a . Vibrations transmitted solid liquid gas , approximate range 20 20,000 hertz , capable being detected human organs hearing . b . Transmitted frequency . c . stimulated organs medium . d . Such sensations considered group . v . tr . To examine ( a organ part ) causing emit auscultate . 2 ( sound ) v . sounded sounding tr . probe ( a cavity ) intr . n . An used examine explore cavities , bodies abnormalities , dilate them . sound ′ a · ble adj . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . Etymology : L , sub , under , unde , wave emission detected locate canal , test patency ascertain depth cavity , reveal contents canal A determine depth uterus , detect stones bladder , and , commonly , assist correctly inserting urinary catheter urethra urinary meatus . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Physics noun Electromechanical energy sensed auditory apparatus . Surgery noun A simple device assess length nonpregnant uterus before performing endometrial biopsy . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . Physics Electromechanical energy sensed auditory apparatus . See Bowel sound Dive bomber sound , First heart sound Fourth heart sound Korotkov Second heart sound Third Surgery simple device assess length nonpregnant uterus before performing endometrial Bx . Probe McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . medium , perceived internal ear . elongated cylindric , curved , metal , bladder cavities urethra , esophagus , calibrating lumen detecting presence calibrate Whole ; healthy ; not diseased injured . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 Vibrations metal instrument , Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 percept stimulation radiant energy , depending species . passages especially dilatation detection bodies . emanating body . strong , good condition without significant defects , e.g . said wool which has sufficient tensile strength resist rigors processing ; said teeth mouth very shortly attributed sudden distention dilated forceful cusps . rubbing two surfaces . functioning heart . Korotkoff ' s determination . percussion . ausculation tract . hydropneumothorax . peculiar pericarditis pleurisy . waves stimulus hearing , consists patterns generated passed air . wool no breaks it will stand up pressures scouring , spinning weaving . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Patient discussion about sound Q . what causes cracking noises head time it was i had acute sinusitis honestly i think more I do n ' t know why have cracking noises my head I am very concerned about this my neck always stiff feeling aching time . My eyes tired blue spots hurt behind eye badly have headaches often A . wow . . .that really serious . . .i chronic sinusitis can tell you had horrible headaches nothing like you describe now . would strongly consider going hospital checking out . . . tell us what was result ! Q . Atkins diet ? Is good sounds ? I ' m 17 . .about 5 ' 2 145 lbs . . need lose much weight possible 3 weeks . .Anyone know kind results can expect atkins ? A . originally did Atkins 4 years ago . lost 30 lbs 3 months kept if off about year . gradually started cheating more exercising less , until now it ' s back . works me because naturally crave protein . am ok eating lots eggs . But , weight only comes off exercise included plan . uses medicine do computers ultra sound ? how does computer helps doctors ultra sound ? do compuers use for ? computers help doctors ( in ultrasound cases ) interpret / convert ultrasound specific imaging showed monitor . doctor find inside patient ' s pregnancy purposes , really helps antenatal screening find some abnormalities ( if there ' s any ) monitor fetus ' development along 9 - months pregnancy . yesterday wrote short article update http : / / doctoradhi . com / blog / ? p = 388 More discussions about sound This content is provided by iMedix and is subject to iMedix Terms . The Questions and Answers are not endorsed or recommended and are made available by patients , not doctors . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Sound + frequency " > sound < / a > Mentioned in abdominal sounds absent breath sounds acoustic acoustic impedance acoustics adventitious lung sounds amphoric resonance audible sound audiometry autophony bel bellmetal resonance bioacoustics blood pressure bowel sounds breath sound breath sounds bronchial breath sound References in periodicals archive Parameters that have been evaluated on this research were sound frequency from the knocking process , fruit water content and brix value ( sweetness index ) of the fruit . Mechanical plunger function is to give an impact knocking to the fruit surface by a constant force , as for microphone used to convert the sound waves into a signal in a electrical voltage , and the computer here has been used as a super fast voltmeter that can be used to measure the sound frequency with using Frequency Analyzer software . As for the barrier was placed to covered the fruit ring area to prevent an error that could be happen because the noise while measuring the 2 Juan Canary Melon Knocked Sound Frequency At Various Harvesting Age : The acoustic ripeness tester that have been created was used in this research to measure from the knocking process , melons was harvested at 5 different harvesting age ( [ 55 . 2 it seen that the was decreased when the fruit was come to ripe . Designing and creating acoustic ripeness tester and experimental testing on Juan Canary melon Under all conditions of SPL and , the side thermocouple show higher thermal activity which is due to movement of the bubbles that replace the stagnant particles with fresh particles more frequently than for other thermocouple positions . Heat transfer characteristics and particle behavior around a horizontal heating surface immersed in a sound assisted fluidized bed of fine powders The SPY PHONE is also said to enable the operator to detect any type of in - line pig without regard to whether the is high or low . Pipeline Inspection Company , Ltd In the brains of schizophrenia sufferers , electrical activity fails to synchronize with a specific as it does in the brains of mentally healthy people , report psychiatrist Robert W . Schizophrenia may involve bad timing With time , the and tone becomes a preeminent part of your technique . SpineGuard Reports 10,000th Spine Procedure Using PediGuard [ R ] for Safer Pedicle Screw Placement SoniClear / NP includes VoiceBoost ( TM ) digital signal processing to focus the spectrum for optimal results when the recording is converted to RealAudio format . Panagram . com Makes Everyone a Webcaster In the earliest stages of malfunction , this characteristic sound changes , first in the ultra range ( approx . Microphonics - - OTC BB : MRPS - - Expands Ultrasound Technology to Automotive World More results ► Medical browser ▲ SOS repair SOS response SOST Sotacor sotai sotalol sotalol HCl sotalol hydrochloride soterenol hydrochloride soteriophobia Sotos Sotos syndrome Soto ' s syndrome Sotos , Juan F . Sottas Sottas , Jules souffle soul soul food soul loss Soulier Soulier , Jean Pierre sound abatement sound field Sound frequency sound generator sound pollution sound pressure level Sound Probe sound therapy sound vocalization sound wave sound wave therapy sound waves sound - conducting apparatus soundex code soundness sounds of Korotkoff SoundScan Soup Soup Kitchen soup - to - nuts Souques phenomenon Souques , Alexandre Achille Souques ' s sign sour crop sour dock sour milk sour side ▼ Full browser ▲ Sound Exposure Level Sound Fader Control Sound Families Initiative Sound Field Sound Field Sound Field Control Sound Field Expander Sound Field Visualization Sound File Sound File Format sound film sound film Sound films Sound films sound filmstrip Sound Financial Management sound fixing and ranging sound fixing and ranging Sound Flash Sound Focus Sound Focus Sound Focus Equalizer Sound Focusing Sound Font 2 Sound Font Bank Manager Sound Font Management System Sound Font Manager sound forth Sound Frequency and Emotions Sound Frequency and Emotions sound gate Sound generator sound head sound head Sound Healers of Washington Sound Health Research Institute Sound Health Solutions sound her out sound him out sound hole sound hollow sound image Sound impedance Sound impedance Sound Improvement Disc Sound In Syncs Sound in Video Sound insulation Sound insulation Sound intensity Sound Intensity Diagram Sound intensity level Sound intensity level Sound Intensity Meter Sound Interface Device ▼
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"sound"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Spiriva
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Spiriva Spiriva ( spə - rē ′ və ) A trademark for the drug tiotropium bromide . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . a trademark for tiotropium Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . A long - acting once - daily antimuscarinic bronchodilator indicated long - term management of bronchospasm in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) ( e.g. , chronic bronchitis , emphysema ) . Adverse effects Dry mouth , constipation , vomiting , dyspepsia . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . brand name TIOTROPIUM BROMIDE Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : Mentioned in antimuscarinics eplerenone Inspra tiotropium bromide Medical browser ▲ spirit lamp spirit of ammonia spirit of bitter almond spirit of camphor spirit of juniper spirit of lavender spirit of mustard spirit of peppermint spirit thermometer spiritual care spiritual distress spiritual growth facilitation spiritual healing spiritual healing and prayer spiritual health spiritual psychology spiritual support spiritual therapy spiritual training spiritual well - being spiritual well - being , readiness for enhanced spirituality spirituality - based therapy spirituous spirituous liquor spiro - Spirocerca Spirocerca lupi spirocercosis Spirochaeta Spirochaeta icterohaemorrhagiae Spirochaeta pallida Spirochaeta plicatilis Spirochaetaceae spirochaetaemia Spirochaetales spirochaete Spirochaetes spirochaetosis spirochetal spirochetal gangrene spirochetal jaundice spirochetalytic spirochete spirochetemia spirocheticide spirochetolysis spirochetosis spirochetotic spirocheturia ▼ Full browser ▲ spirituosity spirituosity spirituous spirituous liquor spirituously spirituously spirituousness spirituousness Spiritus Spiritus Spiritus asper spiritus ether nit spiritus ether nit Spiritus lenis Spiritus Vini Spiritus Vini Rectificatus spirity SpiritZ Spiriva HandiHaler Spirketing spirketting Spirkin , Aleksandr Spirkin , Aleksandr Georgievich Spirling Spiro Spiro Agnew spiro atom Spiro Clado spiro ring system Spiro , Melford Elliot spiro - Spiro - graph Spiro - graph spiro - index Spirobacteria Spirobrachiidae Spirocerca Spirocerca arctica Spirocerca lupi Spirocerca sanguinolenta spirocercosis Spirochaeta Spirochaeta anserina Spirochaeta anserina Spirochaeta icterohaemorrhagiae ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Stiff+heart+syndrome
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stiff heart syndrome stiff heart syn · drome any condition , usually acute , that causes the heart to be restricted in diastole mainly affecting the ventricles and at one time a complication of cardiac surgery . stiff heart syn · drome any condition , usually acute , that causes heart to be restricted in diastole mainly affecting ventricles and at one time a complication of cardiac surgery . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 A nonspecific term for ventricular pump failure due restrictive disease Aetiology Idiopathic , or related amyloidosis , constrictive pericarditis due radiation , mycosis , trauma , tuberculosis , haemochromatosis , myocardiopathy Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . stiff heart syndrome Cardiology A nonspecific term for ventricular pump failure restrictive disease Clinical Chest pain , exertional dyspnea , ↑ venous pressure , extra - diastolic murmurs , hepatomegaly , ascites , edema Etiology Idiopathic , or related amyloidosis , constrictive pericarditis radiation , mycosis , trauma , TB , hemochromatosis , myocardiopathy . Cf ' Stone ' heart McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / stiff + heart + syndrome " > stiff heart syndrome < / a > Mentioned in stone heart syndrome Medical browser ▲ Stickler syndrome Stickler , Gunnar B . Stickler ' s syndrome stick - man syndrome sticky end sticky ends sticky floor phenomenon sticky food sticky kid syndrome sticky - ended DNA stickywilly STICU Stieda Stieda , Alfred Stieda , Ludwig Stieda ' s fracture Stiedex lotion Stiedex LP Stierlin Stierlin sign Stierlin , Eduard sties STIF course stiff stiff baby syndrome stiff joint stiff lamb disease stiff lung stiff man syndrome , stiff person syndrome stiff neck stiff neck fever stiff person syndrome stiff sickness Stiff Skin Syndrome stiffie stiff - man syndrome stiffness stiff - person syndrome stiffs stifle stifle joint stifsiekte stigma stigma ventriculi stigmal plates stigmastane stigmasterol stigmata stigmatic stigmatism ▼ Full browser ▲ stiff Stiff ( disambiguation ) Stiff ( disambiguation ) stiff as a board stiff as a poker stiff as a ramrod stiff as boards stiff as pokers stiff as ramrods stiff aster stiff aster stiff baby syndrome stiff blood agar stiff blood agar stiff cheddar Stiff cheddar ! stiff cheese Stiff cheese ! stiff drink stiff drinks stiff frame stiff gentian stiff gentian stiff joint stiff lamb disease stiff leaf Stiff Leg Goat Stiff Legged Deadlift Stiff Legged Deadlifts Stiff Little Fingers stiff lung Stiff Lung Disease Stiff man syndrome Stiff man syndrome stiff man syndrome , stiff person syndrome Stiff neck Stiff neck stiff neck fever Stiff person syndrome Stiff person syndrome stiff pupil stiff pupil stiff sickness Stiff silkworm Stiff silkworm ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Surface+temperature
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temperature ( redirected from Surface temperature Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Acronyms Encyclopedia temperature tem per - ah - chur the degree of sensible heat or cold , expressed in terms of a specific scale . See Table Temperature Equivalents in the Appendices . Body is measured by a clinical thermometer and represents balance between heat produced by body and it loses . Though production loss vary with circumstances , body regulates them , keeping remarkably constant temperature . An abnormal rise is called fever Normal Body Temperature usually measured thermometer placed mouth , rectum , or auditory canal ( for tympanic membrane temperature ) . The normal oral 37 ° Celsius ( 98.6 ° Fahrenheit ) ; rectally , it 37.3 ° Celsius ( 99.2 ° Fahrenheit ) . The tympanic membrane direct reflection body ' s core temperature . These values are based on statistical average . Normal varies somewhat from person to person at different times each person . It usually slightly higher evening than morning also somewhat higher during immediately after eating , exercise , emotional excitement . infants young children tends to vary more than adults . Regulation To maintain constant temperature , must be able respond changes its surroundings . When outside drops , nerve endings near skin surface sense change communicate hypothalamus . Certain cells hypothalamus then signal for an increase body ' s production . This conducted blood distributed throughout body . At same time , acts conserve its heat . arterioles constrict so that less blood will flow near surface . skin becomes pale cold . Sometimes takes on bluish color , result color change blood , which occurs when blood , flowing slowly , gives off more oxygen usual . Another signal from brain stimulates muscular activity , which releases heat . Shivering form this activity — a muscular reflex that produces When outside goes up , cooling system ordered into action . Sweat released sweat glands beneath skin , as evaporates , cooled . Heat also eliminated evaporation moisture lungs . This process accelerated panting . An important regulator peripheral capillary system . vessels this system form network just under skin . these vessels dilate , they allow warm interior flow through them , where cooled surrounding air . Abnormal Abnormal temperatures occur when temperature - regulating upset disease other physical disturbances . fever accompanies infection other disease processes . In most cases oral 37.8 ° C ( 100 ° F ) over , present . Temperatures 40 ° C ( 104 ° F ) over are common serious illnesses , although occasionally very high accompanies an illness causes little concern . Temperatures as high 41.7 ° C ( 107 ° F ) sometimes accompany diseases critical stages . Subnormal temperatures , below 35.6 ° C ( 96 ° F ) occur cases collapse ; see symptomatic hypothermia absolute T reckoned absolute zero ( − 273.15 ° C ) , expressed absolute scale basal ( BBT ) under conditions rest ; has slight sustained rise during luteal phase menstrual cycle can be used indirect indicator ovulation has occurred . human animal ; see core structures deep within body , opposed peripheral such skin . critical below gas may converted liquid increased pressure . normal registered healthy person , averaging 37 ° C ( 98.6 ° F ) . risk for imbalanced nursing diagnosis accepted North American Nursing Diagnosis Association , defined state individual at risk failure maintain within range . subnormal normal . See symptomatic hypothermia Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . tem · per · a · ture tem ' pĕr - ă - chŭr ) , Avoid using word synonym sensible intensity any substance ; manifestation average kinetic energy molecules making up substance due agitation . also : scale [ L . temperatura , due measure , temperature , fr . tempero , proportion duly ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / tem · per · a · ture / tem per - ah - chur 1 . expression coldness terms specific scale ; measure average kinetic energy thermal agitation particles system . Symbol 2 . level natural living being . 3 . colloquial term T reckoned zero ( − 273.15 ° C − 459.67 ° F ) , scale . basal ( BBT ) conditions rest . structures deep body , opposed such gas may converted liquid increased pressure . human health , about 98.6 ° F 37 ° C orally . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( tĕm ′ pər - ə - cho͝or ′ , - chər , tĕm ′ prə - ) n . 1 . a . degree hotness coldness environment . b . A measure particles sample matter , units degrees designated standard 2 . a . living organism , about 37.0 ° C ( 98.6 ° F ) humans . b . abnormally condition caused illness ; fever . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . temperature ( T ) [ tem ′ pə ( ri ) chər ] Etymology : L , temperatura 1 relative cold . 2 ( in physiology ) associated with metabolism normally maintained level 98.6 ° F ( 37 ° C ) thermotaxic nerve mechanism balances gains losses . 3 Usage notes : ( informal ) fever . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . systemic inflammatory response syndrome A term was developed imply clinical response arising nonspecific insult includes two following Sepsis Septic shock Severe sepsis Systemic inflammatory responses < 36ºC > 38ºC Heart rate > 90 beats / min Respiratory rate pCO 2 < 32 mm Hg 20 breaths / min WBC count 4 x 109 12 x 109 presence 0.10 immature neutrophils sepsis syndrome constellation signs , Sx , systemic responses caused wide range microorganisms eventuate into septic shock ; SS systemic response infection Sepsis syndrome , defining parameters Hypothermia 35ºC – 96ºF hyperthermia 39ºC – 101ºF Tachycardia 90 beats / minute Tachypnea 20 breaths / minute Site Clinically evident focus positive cultures Organ dysfunction 1 + end organs either dysfunction inadequate perfusion cerebral Metabolic derangement Hypoxia – PaO 75 mm Hg , ↑ plasma lactate / unexplained metabolic acidosis Fluid imbalance Oliguria – < 30 mL / hr WBC counts 2.0 10 9 / L ; 12.0 10 9 / L – US : 2000 / mm 3 12 000 / mm Note : confusing semantics sepsis , sepsis / septic syndrome , septic shock unlikely resolved forseeable future ; sepsis syndrome essentially interchangeable would part overlap septicemia – the early components pernicious infectious cascade spilled circulation ; shock used process becomes virtually irreversible . McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . tem · per · a · ture tem ' pĕr - ă - chŭr intensity any substance ; manifestation molecules making up substance agitation . also : [ L . temperatura measure , fr . tempero , proportion duly ] Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 ( tem ' pe ( r ) - choor ? ) proportion ] TEMPERATURE REGULATION : Effects changes hotness substance . See : illustration absolute temperature zero , - 273.15 ° C . ambient temperature surrounding present place , site , location indicated . axillary temperature obtained placing apex axilla arm pressed closely side time recommended manufacturer thermometer . obtained method 0.5 ° 1.0 ° F ( 0.28 ° 0.56 ° C ) lower oral . See : Temperature : Axillary body temperature marker endocrine , metabolic , muscle activity ; cold environment ; presence infection , inflammation , among illnesses ; one vital signs . varies time day site measurement . Oral 97.5 ° 99.5 ° F ( 36 ° 38 ° C ) . Daily fluctuations individual 1 ° 2 ° F . placing mouth , rectum , arm , bladder , chambers heart , external auditory canal ear . Rectal 0.5 ° 1.0 ° F ( 0.28 ° 0.56 ° C ) mouth ; axillary 0.5 ° F ( 0.28 ° C ) lower mouth . Oral measurement inaccurate if performed just after patient ingested cold hot substances been breathing open mouth . regulated thermoregulatory centers hypothalamus balance production loss . Eighty - five percent lost through ( radiation , conduction , sweating ) remainder lungs fecal urinary excretions . Muscular work ( including shivering ) mechanism raising Elevation above called ( pyrexia ) , subnormal hypothermia . Other factors can influence age ( infants children have wider range adults , elderly have temperatures others ) ; menstruation cycle women ( the rises ovulatory midcycle remains until menses ) ; exercise ( temperature rises moderate vigorous activity ) . core temperature internal structures , heart bladder , parts mouth axilla . In care often linked central venous catheter pulmonary artery catheter . critical temperature above distinct phases do not exist . inverse temperature condition morning evening . maximum temperature bacterial growth will not take place . mean temperature stated period given locality . minimum temperature bacteriology , bacterial growth take place . normal temperature taken orally , healthy individual : normally 97.5 ° 99.5 ° F ( 36 ° 38 ° C ) . optimum temperature procedure best carried out , culture given organism action enzyme . oral temperature patient ' s tongue lips closed min electronic length noted readout manufacturer ' s direction . Patient care It should taken least min ingestion hot liquids . advisable infants , those who breathe comatose obtunded patients , critically ill . Temperature : rectal temperature inserting anal depth least 112 ( 3.8 cm ) holding place 5 or , electronic thermometers , according manufacturer ' s directions . method should following rectal operation if rectum diseased . rectal accurate either axillary temperatures . averages 1 ° F ( 0.56 ° C ) approx . 1.5 ° F ( 0.84 ° C ) : Rectal room temperature between 65 ° 80 ° F ( 18.3 ° 26.7 ° C ) . subnormal temperature tympanic temperature probe ear canal . Such reading measures capillary bed generally reflective ear thermometry thermometer , tympanic Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners coldness , related melting point ice ( Celsius scale ) ( Kelvin scale ) . Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 content , i.e . 36 ° C temperature ; ( 98.4 ° F ) feet ~ 31 ° C ( note : toe pulps often 5 ° C cooler ) ; dependent vascular status limb , recent activity levels , footwear type , environmental site tested Illustrated Dictionary of Podiatry and Foot Science by Jean Mooney © 2009 Elsevier Limited . All rights reserved . n n measurable body . variations , 98 ° F 99 ° F ( 35.5 ° C 37 ° C ) orally 99 ° F 100 ° F ( 37 ° C 38 ° C ) rectally , much wider ranges regulation homeostasis Results ( external plus muscle contraction chemical processes ) loss ( through lungs , sweating , surface radiation , excretions ) . casting required necessary bring metal proper fluidity introduction refractory mold . internal tissues stays stable , unlike outer surfaces , affected environment . recrystallization lowest distorted grain structure cold - worked metal replaced new , strain - free grain structure prolonged annealing . Time , purity metal , prior deformation important factors . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . cold , hyperthermia ( − 459.67 ° F − 273.15 ° C ) . air air dry - bulb thermometer . ambient immediate prime technique assessing health status patient . Always Average hyperthermia , pyrexia said listed pyrexia environmental unable must ( cold temperatures ) ( high temperatures ) . effective combination humidity wind speed . temperateness index . nonpermissive one conditional gene mutation nonfunctional . temperature - sensitive mutation registered animal . permissive conditional gene express function . temperature - sensitive premortal fall sudden fall previously fevered animal before death . been situ contact mucosa rectum anal sphincter tightly closed 30 seconds . Alternative equipment dipolar electrode probe . stress exposure excessively low windchill combination wind velocity effective ( above ) . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Patient discussion about temperature Q . what red line your drops before you getting hypothermia ? A . Hypothermia organism ' s drops required metabolism function . For people stage 1 hypethermia , 1 - 2 ° C ( 35 - 36 ° C ) . Mild strong shivering occurs . stage 2 , 2 - 4 ° C ( 35 - 33 degrees ) . Shivering violent . Muscle mis - coordination apparent movements slow labored there mild confusuin . 3 , approximately 32 ° C ( 89.6 ° F ) . stops there ' s difficulty speaking , sluggish thinking , amnesia start appear . Cellular metabolic processes shut down . life threatening . Q . I feel my rising , I am worried was told me medicine ? am currently my 1st trimesters last week had over 100 . took paracetamol got well . Again today feel rising gone pretty high . My pain l think meet doctor time . What you guys say … … I worried told me medicine but had … … … what happen ? A . First , congratulations pregnancy . agree falseact , your OB - GYN doctor consult . But here paste data might useful calm worry . . Acetaminophen paracetamol labeling , like all OTC medications , instructs consumers who pregnant nursing baby contact their use . Acetaminophen 40 years available data indicate acetaminophen therapeutic doses does adversely affect pregnant mother fetus . More discussions about temperature This content is provided by iMedix and is subject to iMedix Terms . The Questions and Answers are not endorsed or recommended and are made available by patients , not doctors . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Surface + temperature " > temperature < / a > Mentioned in absolute temperature absolute zero accidental hypothermia ambient temperature ambient temperature and pressure , saturated ATPS axilla thermometer axillary temperature Baruch law basal body temperature basal body temperature method of family planning basal temperature chart BBT body temperature boiling point calorie Celsius scale Celsius thermometer chill References in periodicals archive The sloshing back and forth of warm and cold waters - - El Nino and La Nina - - in the shallow layer of the equatorial Pacific Ocean will continue to produce fluctuations in surface temperatures every year . The globe may be warming , but it is not getting any hotter The surface temperature in Delhi rose by 2 A C between 2000 and 2010 The findings are part of a study conducted by Indian Institute of Remote Sensing ( IIRS ) , a wing of ( Isro ) The surface temperature was calculated through satellite data for land under different kinds of use , collected during summer and winter seasons by a Landsat satellite The study indicts the city ' s green planning , saying corrective policies introduced by the Planning Department are not proving very effective Concrete jungle Delhi getting ever hotter 1 , two thermal bands of TM image dated 11 / 09 / 1984 and high gain thermal band of ETM+ images dated 05 / 03 / 2005 for the study area were processed and manipulated to retrieve sea in subsequent four points of time ( Table 1 ) . Detecting thermal pollution of near shore environment resulted from human activities using remotely sensed data . Case study : Abu Qir Bay , Egypt Due to the thin width of the load , the center did not significantly lag behind the Lower your heat treatment cycle times : non - contact load temperature sensing allows the operator to more accurately judge when a load is at temperature The vapor phase of cooling oil finishes at which depends at oil temperature . The experimentally - numeric approach to calculating of heat transfer parameters for quench process in oil Isorapid 277MH The highest is considered as class ( T - class ) of the motor . Explosion pressure development and temperature rise classification of low rating flameproof electric motors The images were generated from original TIR band resampled to 30 m and from spatially enhanced TIR image . Evapotranspiration estimation using energy balance algorithm for pyramid - based spatially enhanced thermal infrared image MODIS Level 2 Sea Surface Temperature Product , MOD28L2 , provides a long wavelength ( 11 - 12 [ micro ] m , SST ) and a short wavelength ( 3 - 4 [ micro ] m , SST4 ) sea at 1 x 1 km resolution over the global oceans ( Satellite - based Information System on Coastal Areas and Lakes , http : / / www . Comparison of satellite sea surface temperature with in situ surface layer temperature / Satelliidi merepinna temperatuuri vordlus alusmootmistega How many planets have surface temperatures warmer than - - 100 [ degrees ] C ? Freeze or fry The average of the planets in our solar system ranges from frosty to sizzling hot . Hot and cold With one thermocouple located in the heater / cooler and the other at the deepest point of barrel , corrective heating or cooling action can be taken to bring inner barrel to stability quickly and automatically . Temperature sensors , monitors , controls According to the IPCC ' s Third Assessment Report ( 2001 ) , " Climate models result in an increase in globally averaged of 1 . Global warming too hot or not ? The theory of global warming proposes that man ' s activities are causing the Earth to heat up , but there is compelling scientific evidence that does not support this conclusion More results ► Medical browser ▲ sural region sural veins suramin suramin sodium Surcease Suicide surcharge surcingle surculose surditas surdity surdomutism surefooted SurePress bandage surface anatomy surface anesthesia surface area surface area / volume ratio surface biopsy surface catalysis surface coil surface disinfectant surface electrode surface epithelium surface mucous cells of stomach Surface temperature surface tension surface tension theory of narcosis surface therapy surface thermometer surface water surface - active surface - enhanced laser desorption - ionization surface - induced dissociation surface - tension theory of narcosis surfacing surfactant surfactant deficiency surfactant protein A surfactant protein B surfactant protein C surfactant replacement therapy surfactants surfactant - specific proteins Surfak Surfer ’ s Nodule Surfer ’ s Rib surfer ' s ear surfer ' s knobs surfer ' s knots surfer ' s nodules ▼ Full browser ▲ surface soil surface spread of flame surface state surface storage Surface Storage Casks Surface Stress Induced Optical Deflection Surface Strike Warfare surface structure surface structure surface structures surface structures Surface Studio Surface Studio Surface Subsurface Clearance Vehicle Surface Subsurface Surveillance Control Surface Subsurface Surveillance Coordination Surface Subsurface Surveillance Coordinator Surface Subtropical Waters Surface Supplied Diving Equipment Surface Surveillance & Control Surface tablet Surface tablet Surface Tactical Team Trainer Surface Technology Corporation Surface Technology Systems Ltd . Surface Temperature and Humidity Reference System for Sondes Surface Temperature Model surface tension Surface Tension Confinement Device Surface Tension Driven Convection Experiment Surface Tension Lowering Substance surface tension number surface tension theory of narcosis Surface Tension Transfer surface tensity Surface Terminal Equipment Surface Test Tree surface texture surface thalamic veins surface therapy surface thermometer Surface Threat Electronic Warfare Surface Threat Emitter Surface to air Surface to air missile Surface to air missile Surface to Air Missiles Surface to Air Missiles Surface To Air Recovery ▼
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Syntenic+genes
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synteny ( redirected from Syntenic genes Also found in : Dictionary synteny sin tĕ - ne the presence together on the same chromosome of two or more gene loci whether or not in such proximity that they may be subject to linkage . adj . , adj synten ic . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . syn · te · ny sin ' te - nē ) , The relationship between two genetic loci ( not genes ) represented on same chromosomal pair ( for haploid chromosomes ) chromosome ; an anatomic rather than a segregational relationship . [ syn - + G . tainia , ribbon ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / syn · te · ny / sin tĕ - ne presence together chromosome of more gene whether not in such proximity that they may be subject to linkage . synten ic Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( sĭn ′ tə - nē ) n . The condition genes being located there is demonstrable linkage between them . syn · ten ′ ic ( - tĕn ′ ĭk ) adj . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . [ sin ′ tənē ] Etymology : Gk , syn + taina , ribbon ( in genetics ) genes transmitted as a linkage group but appear able undergo independent assortment during meiosis . term is used primarily human genetics , which linked inheritance patterns are difficult determine . See also Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . syn · te · ny sin ' tĕ - nē relationship genetic ( not genes ) represented chromosomal pair ( for haploid chromosomes ) chromosome ; an anatomic rather than segregational relationship . syn - + G . tainia , ribbon ] Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 LOCI lie CHROMOSOME are syntenic ( literally ribbon ) . Correlation absence each set chromosomes with absence specific products testing . Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 conserved order along chromosomes different species . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Syntenic + genes " > synteny < / a > Medical browser ▲ synovialoma synoviocyte synoviocytes synovioma synoviorthese synoviorthesis synoviosarcoma synoviparous synovitis synovium Synphase synpolydactyly synsacrum synsarcosis syntactic syntactic aphasia syntactics syntality Syntaris syntax syntaxic mode syntaxin syntaxis syntectic syntenic Syntenic genes syntenic groups synteny group syntexis synthase synthermal synthesis - synthesis synthesis of continuity synthesis period synthesize synthetase synthetic synthetic absorbable suture synthetic biology synthetic bone grafting material synthetic chemistry synthetic dyes Synthetic Hair Grafting synthetic human growth hormone synthetic insulin synthetic lethal Synthetic Life synthetic medium synthetic nonabsorbable suture ▼ Full browser ▲ Syntax / Semantic Language syntaxes syntaxes syntaxial overgrowth Syntaxic Syntaxic syntaxic mode Syntaxin Syntaxin Syntaxin 1 Syntaxin 16 Syntaxis Syntaxis syntectic syntectical syntectical syntectonic SYNTEEDISETO Synteliidae syntenic group syntenic groups Syntenic loci Syntenic loci syntenies syntenies syntenosis synteny group Synteresis Synteretic Synteretics Syntexidae Syntexis Syntexis synth synth Synth Guitar Unit Selector Synth Pop Synth Pop Och Cyber Kultur synth - pop synthase synthases synthases synthem ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/TMJ
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TMJ Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Acronyms Encyclopedia Wikipedia TMJ temporomandibular joint disorder syndrome temporomandibular joint disorder Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . Colloquial abbreviation for temporomandibular joint dysfunction Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 abbr . temporomandibular joint The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . abbreviation for temporomandibular joint Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Temporomandibular joint , see there . McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . TMJ Abbreviation temporomandibular joint . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 Temporomandibular joint pain ( TMJ ) Pain and other symptoms affecting the head , jaw , and face that are caused when the jaw joints muscles controlling them do n ' t work together correctly . Mentioned in : Bruxism Dental Trauma Electrical Nerve Stimulation Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . TMJ Abbreviation joint dysfunction . Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 Patient discussion about TMJ Q . I have a pain in side of my head how can I know if it is serious ? In last two days i have a pain in side of my head . The is more severe after eating but can feel it almost all time . how know if its something severe or just temporal mandibular ( TMJ ) syndrome A . IHAVE TO GO TO THE DOCTOR OR U CAN USE TEMPROTAR More discussions about TMJ This content is provided by iMedix and is subject to iMedix Terms . The Questions and Answers are not endorsed or recommended and are made available by patients , not doctors . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : Mentioned in acromioclavicular joint ankle joint arthrodial joint articular disk articulatio ball - and - socket joint bicondylar joint biofeedback bruxism capsaicin cartilaginous joint chitosamine cluster headache compound joint condylar joint condyloid joint cranial synovial joints Dental Trauma diarthrodial joint Medical browser ▲ TKO TKR Tl TLA Tlacotalpan virus TLC TLD TLE TLI TLR TLSO TLV Tm TMA Tmax T - max T - maze TMB TMD TMD syndrome TME TMEM180 TMEM181 TM - EX TMG TMJ disorder TMJ facebow TMJ pain - dysfunction syndrome TMJ syndrome TMP TMP / SMX TMPO TMPRSS12 TMPRSS13 TMPRSS15 TMPRSS2 TMPRSS2 : ERG fusion TMPRSS3 TMPRSS4 TMPRSS5 TMPRSS6 TMPRSS7 TMPRSS9 TMP - SMX TMR TMS TM - Sidhi program TMT TMTD Tmu cells ▼ Full browser ▲ TMIEC TMIET TMIF TMIG TMIH TMII TMIJ TMIKTLIU TMIL TMIM TMIMPS TMIN TMIN - R TMINS TMIP TMIP CHCS Cache TMIP - A TMIP - J TMIP - M TMIPH TMIPS TMIR TMIS TMISD TMIT TMITB TMITG TMITIM TMIU TMIV TMJ Association , Ltd . TMJ disorder TMJ facebow TMJ Pain and Dysfunction syndrome TMJ pain - dysfunction syndrome TMJ syndrome TMJA Tmjd Tmjd TMJDD TMJPD TMK TMKG TMKI TMKK TMKPL TMKS TML TMLA TMLB TMLC TMLCC TMLDG TMLE TMLEB TMLF ▼
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Tarball
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tar ( redirected from Tarball Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Encyclopedia tar tahr a dark brown or black viscid liquid from the wood of various species of pine , or found as a by - product the destructive distillation bituminous coal ( see coal tar ) . It is complex mixture , source organic substances such as cresol creosol naphthalene paraffin phenol and toluene Formerly used an oral medication in treatment various conditions , it has been found to be toxic and carcinogenic now has only limited topical use in certain skin diseases . coal by - product obtained destructive distillation bituminous coal ; if its fumes are inhaled if it is ingested its natural state , toxic carcinogenic . A preparation used ointment solution treatment eczema psoriasis Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . TAR Acronym for t hrombocytopenia bsent r adius . See : thrombocytopenia - absent radius syndrome tahr ) , A thick , semisolid , blackish brown mass , complex hydrocarbon composition , obtained by carbonaceous materials . For individual tars , see specific names . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 dark - brown black , viscid liquid from species pine ( coal t . ) . It for topical skin conditions , including eczema , psoriasis , dandruff , but carcinogenic by inhalation ingestion . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( tär ) n . 1 . dark , oily , viscous material , consisting mainly hydrocarbons , produced organic substances such wood , coal , peat . 2 . See coal tar 3 . solid residue tobacco smoke containing byproducts combustion . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . [ tär ] Etymology : AS , teoru dark , mixture produced coal , wood , vegetable matter . Some forms are to treat eczema other disorders . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . TAR Abbreviation thrombocytopenia absent radius . See : thrombocytopenia - absent radius syndrome Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 coal tar petrochemical derivative with anti - inflammatory properties an ointment , paste bath lotion inflammatory e.g . psoriasis , eczema ; 1 – 10 % soft paraffin ( effective , but poorly tolerated patients ) ; preparations include : calamine ointment BP ; salicylic acid BP ; paste zinc BP Achilles tendon rupture TAR loss TA continuity due trauma endpoint untreated Achilles tendinitis , presenting acute , chronic acute on chronic condition acute rupture TA 2 – 5 cm superior insertion ; characterized immobility , severe pain , bruising , swelling palpable ‘ dip ’ tendon continuity ; patient can not plantarflex ankle joint ; single - leg raise Thompson ' s tests positive ; immediate first - aid includes RICE ( P ) immobilization , with non - steroidal anti - inflammatory drugs beginning 48 – 72 hours postinjury ; most cases require surgery reapproximate separated tendon immobilization ( with ankle joint at 90 ° ) 4 – 6 weeks , then further 4 – 6 weeks intensive physiotherapy Illustrated Dictionary of Podiatry and Foot Science by Jean Mooney © 2009 Elsevier Limited . All rights reserved . dark - brown black , pine coal . See also wood tar derivatives see pitch coal tar pitch derivatives include phenol ( carbolic acid ) , cresols , creosote , all potent poisons . also wood tar derivatives hot cause burns dogs cats , usually made more severe because sticks skin . juniper volatile oil wood Juniperus oxycedrus topically disease . product trees ; rubefacient disease . pitch coal tar pitch Stockholm stockholm tar Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : Mentioned in Albright hereditary osteodystrophy anthracene antipsoriatics armamentarium Balnetar benzene birch tar oil brachymetatarsia cavitary clay pigeon Clinitar coal tar creosote creosote cresol dentia tarda dietary dietary assessment dietary history References in periodicals archive 1 ] , and this signature was also reflected on the DCM extracted tarball sample . 4 shows the FTIR spectra ( 2800 - 3100 cm " 1 ) of tarmat and tarball samples . The tarmat and samples obtained from the GOM shorelines ( see Figure 1 ) have been investigated for the quantification of hydrocarbon gases during the thermal decomposition under helium ambient . The tarmat and samples showed the presence of hydrocarbon species similar to the Gulf Sweet Crude Oil . Physicochemical characteristics of oil spill soils , tarmat , tarball and other sediments collected from the Gulf of Mexico More results ► Medical browser ▲ tapir mouth Tapir Nose tapotement tap - out tapping taproot TAPVC TAPVR Taq polymerase taqpolymerase tar keratosis TAR syndrome Tar , Aloys tara gum Tarai buffalo Taraktogenus kurzii tarantism tarantula Tarasoff decision Tarasoff v . Regents of the University of California taraxacum Taraxacum laevigatum Taraxacum officinale taraxein Tarball tarbush Tarceva tardagen Tardieu Tardieu ecchymoses Tardieu scale Tardieu spot Tardieu , Auguste Abroise Tardigrada tardive tardive cyanosis tardive dyskinesia tardy peroneal nerve palsy tardy ulnar nerve palsy tare tared Tarentaise cattle target target amplification target behavior Target Calcification target cell target cell anemia target cells target disorder ▼ Full browser ▲ Taraxacum Taraxacum Taraxacum kok - saghyz Taraxacum kok - saghyz Taraxacum laevigatum Taraxacum mongolicum Taraxacum mongolicum Taraxacum officinale Taraxacum ruderalia Taraxacum ruderalia Taraxacum sect . Ruderalia Taraxacum sect . Ruderalia taraxein Taraz Taraz Tarb Tarba , Ivan Tarba , Ivan Konstantinovich Tarbaby Tarbagatai Tarbagatay Tarbaghatay Tarbatu Tarbatu Tarbell Tarbell Ida Minerva Tarbell , Edmund Tarbell , Ida Tarbell , Ida Minerva Tarbes Tarbes Tarbes Gespe Bigorre Tarbes Pyrénées Football Tarbiat Moallem University Tarbiat Modares Virtual University Tarbiat Modarres University Tarbiya TARBO tarboard Tarbogan tarboosh tarboosh tarbooshes Tarbosaurus Tarbosaurus bataar tarbouche tarboy tarbrush TARBS TARBUL tarbush ▼
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[
"Tarball",
"Dictionary"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Third+shift
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shift work ( redirected from Third shift Also found in : Dictionary Financial Encyclopedia shift work Work in a hospital , company , factory ( e.g. , automobile , petrochemical or textile factory ) , or other business that is open and operating 24 / 7 hours outside of the usual “ 9 to 5 ” business hours . Shift workers suffer increased risk of fatigue - related accidents , and an increased risk gastrointestinal cardiovascular disease , infertility , insomnia ; for example , on - the - job fatigue drowsiness in shift workers was linked to the Challenger space shuttle explosion . SW may be related an TGs ( 1.26 mmol / L ( 112 mg / dL ) vs 1.03 mmol / L ( 91 mg / dL ) normal controls ) ; cause this increase is uncertain , but may be related stress , disturbed circadian rhythm , result night snacking with less efficient removal TGs . 20 % adapt poorly SW , as it requires abrupt changes circadian rhythm ; diabetes epilepsy are exacerbated by SW , autonomic dysfunction common . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . A staffing arrangement which some employees work during day others evening at night . Shift work a common method scheduling used many industries maximize productivity over 24 - hr day health care , where patients ' needs arise at any time night . A great number persons regularly night , either on permanent rotating schedule . In most these workers , adaptation altered schedule imperfect ; sleep disturbances other medical psychosocial problems have often been found shift workers . Among problems , many night - time rotating often have family obligations during day , which compromise their ability obtain adequate rest before after work . See also : Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Third + shift " > shift work < / a > Mentioned in armodafinil circadian rhythm colorectal cancer insomnia jet lag job satisfaction narcolepsy night work , maladaptation to Nuvigil rotation shift syndrome shift work maladaptation syndrome sleep disorders syndrome transient WOB zeitgeber Medical browser ▲ thiram thiram poisoning third third & fourth pharyngeal pouch syndrome third base third cranial nerve third cuneiform bone third degree collateral ligament injury third diabetic syndrome third eye third eye chakra third eyelid third fibular muscle third generation cephalosporin third generation oral contraceptive third heart sound third intention third molar tooth Third Nuclear Age third occipital nerve third ovary third party third phalanx fracture third pharyngeal arch cartilage Third Report of the Shipman Inquiry Third shift third spacing third stage of labor third toe III third trimester third trochanter third ventricle third ventriculostomy third - degree AV heart block third - degree block third - degree burn Third - Degree Intent third - degree prolapse third - generation cephalosporin third - line therapy third - party administrator third - party payer third - party reimbursement third - sector body thirst thirst fever thirteen thirteenth step Thirty - One / Sixty - Two Day pathway thirty - one / sixty - two pathway Thirty - One - Day Target ▼ Full browser ▲ Third Republic Third Republic Third Republic ( South Africa ) Third Republic ( South Africa ) Third Republic Of Korea Army Third Revised Forecast Third Rock From The Sun third sacker third sacker Third Samite War Third Samite War Third Samnite War Third Samnite War Third Saturday in October Third Screen Film Festival Third Section Third Section of His Imperial Majesty ' s Own Chancellery Third Sector Third Sector Third Sector Advisory Body Third Sector European Network Third Sector Interface Third Sector New England Third Sector Organization Third Sector Strategic Partnership Third Sergeant Third sex Third sound Third sound Third Soviet - American Gas and Aerosol experiment third space Third Spacing Third Spacing of Fluids third stage of labor Third Stage Rocket Motor third stomach third stream Third Stream Jazz third string third temporal convolution third temporal convolution Third temporal derivative of displacement Third temporal derivative of displacement Third Thoracic Segment third thromboplastic factor third thromboplastic factor Third Through the Door Third Tier Toilet Third Tier Trash ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"shift work"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Transmembrane+potential+difference
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membrane potential ( redirected from Transmembrane potential difference Also found in : Encyclopedia potential po - ten shal existing and ready for action , but not active . electric tension or pressure . action potential see action potential after - potential the period following termination of the spike auditory evoked in electroencephalography , changes in waves response to sound ; see also brainstem auditory evoked brainstem auditory evoked that portion of auditory evoked that comes from brainstem abnormalities can be analyzed to evaluate comas , support diagnosis multiple sclerosis , and detect early posterior fossa tumors . cognitive event - - related p ' s a diagnostic study uses electroencephalographic equipment a computer dedicated analyze brain wave P300 ; this wave is measure brain ' s active cognitive processing information . The patient is instructed complete task requires attention information processing . A recording brain activity as well as information related function produced . diastolic transmembrane cell during electrical diastole maximal diastolic most negative level attained during cardiac cycle by cell membrane fiber does not have constant resting potential , occurring at end phase 3 action potential . In pacemaker cells this point hyperpolarization . membrane electric exists on two sides or across wall cell . resting difference across when it at rest , i.e. , fully repolarized . In cardiac physiology occurs electrical diastole pacemaker cells continuously nonpacemaker cells . spike initial , very large change an excitable excitation . threshold transmembrane must be achieved before channel can open ; it differs among various cardiac channels . ( omaha ) omaha system problem modifier on third level problem classification scheme defined presence health patterns , behaviors , risk factors may preclude optimal health even though specific signs symptoms are absent . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . mem · brane po · ten · tial inside membrane , measured relative fluid just outside ; negative under conditions becomes positive an potential . Synonym ( s ) : transmembrane potential Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 membrane potential Etymology : L , membrana + potentia difference polarization charge between two sides wall . Also called electric potential gradient Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Electrical due differences concentrations ions either side semipermeable membrane . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . Cardiology The voltage between inside outside excitable – neurons muscle , not - yet depolarized McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . mem · brane po · ten · tial mem ' brān pŏ - ten ' shăl membrane , measured relative fluid just outside ; under conditions becomes positive Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 millivoltage one side other . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 membrane . NERVE IMPULSE Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 maintained with outside : - 110 mV to - 130 mV non - excitable cells , - 170 - 190 ( the quiescent excitable ( nerve muscle ) . Due unequal distributions mainly potassium sodium ions ( the being partially , but equally , permeable both ) which turn determines movements these down their respective diffusion gradients ( potassium outwards sodium inwards ) . gradients are themselves maintained by sodium - potassium ( Na - K ) pump which uses metabolic energy transport back ' uphill ' . See also depolarization Dictionary of Sport and Exercise Science and Medicine by Churchill Livingstone © 2008 Elsevier Limited . All rights reserved . thin layer tissue covers surface , lines cavity , divides space organ . alveolocapillary thin tissue barrier through gases exchanged alveolar air blood pulmonary capillaries . membrane - attack complex complement components C5 - C9 form terminal stage either complement pathways lead lysis . basilar lower boundary scala media ear . Bowman ' s layer basement outer stratified epithelium substantia propria cornea . Bruch ' s inner choroid , separating from pigmented retina . carrier mechanism epithelial intestinal mucosa facilitates rapid transport for example glucose , into thus into bloodstream . plasma ( below ) . channels channel continuous middle three membranes outside yolk hen egg . cricothyroid connecting thyroid cartilage cricoid cartilage . It extensive horse surgical incision through allows access interior larynx . Descemet ' s posterior lining cornea ; hyaline substantia propria endothelial cornea . drum tympanic ( below ) . extraembryonic m ' s those protect embryo fetus provide its nutrition , respiration excretion ; yolk sac ( umbilical vesicle ) , allantois , amnion , chorion , decidua placenta extravitelline outermost three membranes hen egg . false similar pseudomembrane ; fibrinous exudates readily loosened underlying tissue , croupous pseudomembranous inflammation . fenestrated one perforated elastic sheets tunica intima tunica media arteries . fetal m ' s fetal membranes . See extraembryonic ( above ) . fibrous strong , fibrous support joint capsule . Henle ' s henle ' s hyaline 1 . outer root sheath inner hair follicle . 2 . basement membrane 3 . homogeneous eosinophilic lining alveolar ducts alveoli , frequently found necropsy premature human infants . disease . hyoglossal lamina connecting under - surface tongue with hyoid bone . interosseous shaft fibula tibia . limiting constitutes border some structure . mucous covered epithelium lines many tubular organs body . nictitating membrana nictitans . nuclear 1 . membranes , outer , comprising nuclear envelope . 2 . envelope . olfactory olfactory portion mucous nasal fossa . periodontal periodontium perivitelline innermost layers placental separates maternal blood placenta . plasma encloses cell ; composed phospholipids , glycolipids , cholesterol proteins . primary structure lipid bilayer . Phospholipid molecules have electrically charged ' head ' attracts water hydrocarbon ' tail ' repels water ; they line up opposing layers , their heads surface tails core , water excluded . other lipids affect structural properties Proteins embedded specific molecules act hormone receptors , perform other functions . voltage resulting differential concentrations potassium potential , example nerve cell , altered temporary opening channels allowing redistribution ions . proteins large number proteins attached They include integral proteins , called intrinsic , embedded phospholipid bi - layer peripheral proteins , extrinsic , because they loosely bound readily extracted without damage pupillary vascular occupies pupil embryo stage , completely covering anterior surface lens subsequently disappears . persistent pupillary Reissner ' s anterior wall cochlear duct , separating scala vestibuli . Scarpa ' s tympanic secondary . semipermeable permitting passage some all substances . serosal serous serous walls body cavities enclosing contained organs ; consists mesothelium lying upon connective secretes watery fluid . shell soft contents egg shell . It consists close together , air between . synovial synovial electrolytes aid transporter . unit trilaminar structure all cellular ( such membranes , mitochondrial endoplasmic reticulum , lysosomes ) appear electron micrographs . biochemical lipid bilayer . wing comprising wing bat . investing egg ; includes ( from out ) perivitelline , continuous extravitelline membranes . existing ready action , active . tension pressure . action potential after - potential period following termination spike normal rest . initial , very change excitation . zeta net charge . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Transmembrane + potential + difference " > membrane potential < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in aberrant ventricular conduction action potential ( AP ) adenosine adenosine deaminase adenosine diphosphate adenosine monophosphate adenosine triphosphatase afterdepolarization AIFM3 air conduction alpha wave alpha waves alternating current anterograde conduction ATP atrioventricular conduction blood pump bone conduction Medical browser ▲ translate translation translation start site translational translational medicine translational research translator translatory movement translocase translocate translocation translocation carrier translocation Down syndrome translocation heterozygote translocator translucency translucent translumbar amputation translumbar aortography transluminal transluminal angiography transman transmandibular transmeatal incision Transmembrane potential difference transmethylase transmethylation transmigration transmissible transmissible encephalopathy transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine transmissible neurodegenerative disease transmissible spongiform encephalopathy transmissible veneral tumour transmission transmission control protocol / internet protocol transmission curve transmission electron microscopy transmission of infection transmission scanning electron microscope transmission scanning electron microscopy transmission / scanning electron microscopy transmission - based precaution transmission - based precautions transmit transmittance transmitted light transmitted light illumination transmitter transmitter substance ▼ Full browser ▲ transmembrane ( C - terminal ) protease , serine 12 transmembrane 7 superfamily member 1 - like 1 protein Transmembrane Activator and CAML Transmembrane AMPAR regulatory protein gamma - 2 Transmembrane AMPAR regulatory protein gamma - 3 Transmembrane AMPAR regulatory protein gamma - 4 Transmembrane AMPAR regulatory protein gamma - 5 Transmembrane AMPAR regulatory protein gamma - 7 Transmembrane AMPAR regulatory protein gamma - 8 transmembrane aspartic proteinase Asp1 Transmembrane ATPase Transmembrane ATPase Transmembrane chemokine CXCL16 Transmembrane Cochlear transmembrane distillation Transmembrane domain Transmembrane domain transmembrane domain 5 transmembrane domain 6 transmembrane domain protein regulated in adipocytes 40 kDa Transmembrane Electrical Potential Difference Transmembrane GTPase MFN1 Transmembrane Helices ; Hidden Markov Model Transmembrane potential Transmembrane potential Transmembrane protease serine 1 Transmembrane protease serine 10 Transmembrane protease serine 10 transmembrane protease serine 12 transmembrane protease serine 13 Transmembrane protease serine 15 transmembrane protease serine 2 transmembrane protease serine 3 transmembrane protease serine 4 transmembrane protease serine 5 transmembrane protease serine 6 transmembrane protease serine 7 transmembrane protease serine 9 Transmembrane Protease , Serine transmembrane protease , serine 1 transmembrane protease , serine 11 transmembrane protease , serine 12 transmembrane protease , serine 13 transmembrane protease , serine 15 transmembrane protease , serine 2 transmembrane protease , serine 2 , EC 3.4.211 transmembrane protease , serine 3 transmembrane protease , serine 4 transmembrane protease , serine 5 transmembrane protease , serine 6 transmembrane protease , serine 7 transmembrane protease , serine 8 homolog ( mouse ) , pseudogene transmembrane protease , serine 9 Transmembrane protein Transmembrane protein ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"membrane potential",
"Dictionary"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Unani
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unani Also found in : Wikipedia unani An Islamic healing philosophy that incorporates major elements of ancient Greek medicine ( unani means “ Greek ” in Arabic ) , which assumes four elements — earth , fire , water , air — and four corresponding humours : Phlegm ( balgham ) , Blood ( dam ) , Yellow bile ( safra ) and Black bile ( sauda ) , respectively ; it also incorporates minor elements of ayurvedic medicine Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . Unani ( ōō · näˑ · nē ) n traditional healing system prevalent in the Middle East , India , Pakistan , and neighboring countries , according to which the body comprises basic elements — earth , air , water , fire — humors — blood , phlegm , yellow bile , black bile . An equilibrium humors indicates good health while a disturbance this equilibrium results disease . Jonas : Mosby ' s Dictionary of Complementary and Alternative Medicine . ( c ) 2005 , Elsevier . Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in Unani Tibb References in periodicals archive In this project , areas of collaboration are - Development of the WHO publications ; benchmarks for training in Yoga , Ayurveda , Unani , Panchakarma , basic ( essential ) terms for T&CM practitioners and support the establishment of a network of international regulatory cooperation for T&CM practice . India : Government Signed many Agreements with WHO for Promoting Traditional Medicine 07 ( ANI ) : The Railway ministry signed a Memorandum of Understanding ( MoU ) with the Ministry of Ayurveda , Yoga and Naturopathy , Unani , Siddha and Homoeopathy ( AYUSH ) on Tuesday to augment the existing system of Ayush in Railway Hospitals . Railways , Ayush ministry join hands to augment services in hospitals Hamdard was established way back in 1906 by Hakeem Hafiz Abdul Majeed , one of the most renowned practitioners of his day . Hamdard : Living up to the legacy FAISALABAD - - Speaker Punjab Assembly Rana Mohammad Iqbal Khan said on Wednesday that services of Muslim scientists in Tibb had been written in golden words in the history so Hukma ( herbal doctors ) should get benefit from their experience and serve the ailing humanity with dedication . Herbal doctors should follow Muslim scientists : PA Speaker The shop was set up in 1844 by two brothers Laxminarayan Vijayvargi and Sitaram Vijayvargi , who migrated from Rajasthan and sensed a business opportunity in the thriving medicine practice in Hyderabad . BACK TO ROOTS : ' DUA ' , UNANI and AYURVEDA ' DAWA ' AT MUNNALAL DAWASAZ National Council for Tibb ( NCT ) has recently organized a training workshop for practitioners , educators and manufacturers of system of medicine in collaboration with Pakistan Academy of Sciences ( PAS ) . NCT FOCUSES ON ROLE OF UNANI HERBAL MEDICINES The regulator has also proposed the maximum limit for levels of cow milk , buffalo milk , camel milk , ghee , curd , butter , honey , gold , gold foil , silver , pearl in ayurveda , siddha and ingredients based products . FSSAI says ban sale of supplements as medicines Tabeeb nominated : A renowned Tabeeb , Hakeem Qazi Muhammad Iqbal has been nominated as member National Council for Tib Pakistan . Administration prepared to face flood Abstract Objective To evaluate clinically the efficacy of Zimade Muhasa a anti acne formulation for Busoore labaniya ( Acne vulgaris ) against 5 % benzoyl peroxide . The effect of Unani antiacne formulation ( Zimade Muhasa ) on acne vulgaris : A single - blind randomized controlled clinical trial Parliament voted mously in favour of a ban in 2011 , and the Govern ment first announced that it would take action on this issue in March 2012 . MP joins animals at circus ban call A doctor of alternative medicine said kidney stones can be dissolved using and a proper diet . Do n ' t wait until you are thirsty to drink : doctors The women were enrolled from the outpatient department of the Regional Research Institute of Medicine , Srinagar , J&K , India , a constituent of the Central Council for Research in Medicine , Department of AYUSH ( Ayurveda , Yoga and Naturopathy , , Siddha and Homoeopathy ) , Ministry of Health and Family Welfare , Govovenment of India . Management of postmenopausal syndrome with a herbal extract : a pilot study More results ► Medical browser ▲ umbilicomammillary triangle umbilicopubic line umbilicus Umbilicus rupestris umbo umbo of tympanic membrane umbonate umbra Umbre virus umbrella Umbrella Cell Umbrella Effect umbrella filter Umbrella Growth Pattern umbrella tree umbu umeclidinium UMN UMP UMT umwelt un - UN and NA numbers uña de gato unallocated bed Unani Tibb unapparent trauma unarmed unarmed rostellum unarticulated Unascertained UNASEM unassigned reading frame unattached unattached patient unavailable bed unawareness unbalanced translocation unbanded unbiased unblinding unblock unbound unbound drug unbundling unbundling of procedures uncaging uncal uncal artery uncal herniation ▼ Full browser ▲ unanalysed unanalytic unanalytical unanalyzable unanalyzable unanalyzablely unanalyzablely unanalyzably unanalyzably unanalyzed unanalyzed unanalyzedly unanalyzedly UNANCA Unanchor unaneled unanesthetized Unanga Unanga Unangan Unangan Unangax Unangax unangrily unangrily unangry unangry Unani medicine unani - tibb Unanimate unanimated unanimated unanimatedly unanimatedly Unanimism unanimities unanimities unanimity unanimity Unanimity Principle in the United Nations unanimous unanimous Unanimous consent Unanimous Decision Unanimous Written Consent unanimously unanimously unanimousness unanimousness UNANM unannealed unannealedly unannexed unannexed unannotated ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/VWF+antigen
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von Willebrand factor ( redirected from VWF antigen fac · tor VIII in the clotting of blood , also known as : antihemophilic factor A ( Brinkhous ) , antihemophilic globulin ( 1 ) ( Patek and Taylor ) , globulin A ( Cramer ) , plasma thromboplastin factor ( Ratnoff ) , plasma thromboplastin ( Aggeler ) , thromboplastic component ( Shinowara ) , thromboplastinogen ( Quick ) , prothrombokinase ( Feissly ) , platelet cofactor ( Johnson ) , plasmokinin ( Laki ) , thrombokatilysin ( Leggenhager ) , and proserum prothrombin conversion accelerator . Factor VIII participates in the clotting of blood by forming a complex with IXa , platelets , calcium by enzymatically catalyzing activation X . Deficiency VIII is associated with classic hemophilia A . Factor VIIIC is coagulant component which , normal people , circulates complexed VIIIR ( von Willebrand factor ) , VIII - related protein , a large glycoprotein that synthesized endothelial cells megakaryocytes , circulates where it binds to arteries that have lost their endothelial cell linings , creating surface to which platelets adhere . Disorders involving VIIIR comprise heterogenous group abnormalities called von Willebrand disease . deficiency can lead impaired blood coagulation . Synonym ( s ) : antihemophilic factor A antihemophilic globulin A antihemophilic globulin ( 1 ) plasma thromboplastin factor platelet cofactor I prothrombokinase Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 von Willebrand factor Hematology large – > 20,000 kD multimeric molecule composed ± 200 kD monomers , synthesized vascular endothelium , megakaryocytes platelets ; vWF ' s hemostatic efficiency related multimer size . See Rocket electrophoresis . McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . protein secreted cells helps platelets adhere damaged lining vessels . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 von Willebrand factor ( vWF ) protein found involved process clotting . Mentioned in : Von Willebrand Disease Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . property necessary for normal platelet function ; abbreviated VWF . Called also vwf Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / VWF + antigen " > von Willebrand factor < / a > Mentioned in accelerator factor Acquired von Willebrand Disease ADAMTSbd13 alpha granules angiogenesis factor angiohemophilia antihemophilic factor A antihemophilic globulin A antinuclear factor Bernard - Soulier syndrome blood component therapy C3 NeF cachectin Christmas factor clot retraction Coagulation Disorders coagulation factors colony - stimulating factor cryosupernatant Medical browser ▲ vulvismus vulvitis vulvitis blenorrhagica vulvo - vulvocrural vulvodynia vulvopathy vulvopexy vulvouterine vulvovaginal vulvovaginal anus vulvovaginal candidiasis vulvovaginitis VUR VURD syndrome vuursiekte vv V - V bypass vv . Vvedenskii VVIR VVS Vw antigen VWD vWF VWF antigen VWM VX V - Y advance V - Y flap VY plasty V - Y plasty Vyana vygies V - Y - plasty Vytorin Vyvanse VZ virus VZIG VZV W W chromosome W rays W sitting W.r . W / w / u w / v W2 form W3C Guidelines WAA ▼ Full browser ▲ VWBS VWC VWCA VWCB Vwcc VWCE VWCH VWCM VWCS VWCT VWD VWDC VWDE VWDI VWDL VWDP VWDS VWDT VWE VWEA VWEC VWES VWF VWF vWF - cleaving protease vWF - CP vWFA vWFc VWFCP VWFI Vwfl VWFM VWFP VWFS VWG VWGA VWGC VWGS VWH VWHA VWHDC VWHE VWHO VWHS VWI VWIA VWIB VWIC VWII VWIN VWIO VWIP VWIPC VWIS ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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"von Willebrand factor",
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Vacuo
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vacuum ( redirected from Vacuo Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Encyclopedia vacuum vak u - um a space devoid of air or other gas . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . vac · uum vak ' yūm ) , An empty space , one practically exhausted of air or gas . [ L . ntr . vacuus , empty ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / vac · u · um / vak ūm [ L . ] a space devoid other gas ; from which the has been exhausted . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . vac · u · um vak ' yūm An empty space , one practically exhausted [ L . ntr . vacuus , empty ] Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 vac · u · um Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 vacuum , n See oral evacuator Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . collection use handheld to recover ectoparasites from the coat animals . vacuum - dehydrated freed moisture while in vacuum . Used in packaging food . gauge pressure gauge milking machine which indicates level system . pack meat perishable food is packed tightly sealed bag made copolymers with polyvinyldene chloride and low created . A bag made nylon - polythene laminate is used for bags that are heat - sealed and high created . The pack then frozen for storage shipment . pressure used as basis modern milking machine ; negative generated by pump transmitted through metal rubber pipes to teat cups thence teats ; continuous basic what keeps teat cups on teats ; periodic fluctuations what causes squeezing walls expulsion milk teats . therapy see cupping tube many clinical pathology specimens are now collected evacuated test tubes . A needle connected tube through rubber stopper passed into vein . The needle then connected blood fluid withdrawn . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : Facebook Twitter Mentioned in absolute index of refraction airlock Altmann - Gersh method ampere ARC aspiration aspirator assisted birth Autopoietic Gaia blood - gas analysis breech extraction casting childbirth clitoral vacuum device closure Crookes tube curettage dental vacuum Dewar flask Medical browser ▲ vacciniola vaccinisation Vaccinium erythrocar - pum Vaccinium macrocarpon Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium oxycoccus vaccinization vaccinogen vaccinogenous vaccinoid vaccinology vaccinophilia vaccinophobia vaccinosis vaccinostyle vaccinotherapeutics vaccinotherapy Vacco v Quill Vacor VACTERL association VACTERL association X - linked VACTERL syndrome VACTERUL Vacudent Vacuflex Reflexology System Vacuo vacuolar vacuolar degeneration vacuolar membrane vacuolar myelopathy vacuolar myopathy vacuolate vacuolated vacuolation vacuole vacuolization vacuome Vacutainer Vacutainer tube Vacutainer ™ tube vacutome vacuum abortion vacuum activity vacuum aspiration vacuum aspirator Vacuum Assisted Closure vacuum casting vacuum curettage vacuum delivery vacuum desiccator ▼ Full browser ▲ Vacuate Vacuation Vacudent vacuefacere Vacuflex Reflexology System VACUHO vacuism Vacuist vacuitas vacuities vacuities vacuity vacuity Vacum Vacum Vacume Vacume vacume tube vacume tube Vacuna Vacuola Vacuola vacuolar Vacuolar adenosine triphosphatase subunit Ac116 vacuolar ATP synthase 16 - kDa proteolipid subunit vacuolar ATP synthase 21 - kDa proteolipid subunit vacuolar ATP synthase catalytic subunit A , ubiquitous isoform vacuolar ATP synthase subunit C , FLJ20057 vacuolar ATP synthase subunit D vacuolar ATP synthase subunit F vacuolar ATP synthase subunit G 2 vacuolar ATP synthase subunit H vacuolar ATP synthase subunit M16 vacuolar ATPase Vacuolar ATPase isoform VA68 vacuolar degeneration vacuolar H ( + ) - ATPase subunit G 1 vacuolar H+ ATPase proton channel subunit vacuolar H - ATPase subunit D Vacuolar Mechanism of Active Transport of Water vacuolar membrane vacuolar myelopathy ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Valsalva+Maneuver
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Valsalva maneuver Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Encyclopedia Wikipedia Valsalva Maneuver Definition The Valsalva maneuver is performed by attempting to forcibly exhale while keeping the mouth and nose closed . It is used as a diagnostic tool to evaluate the condition of heart and sometimes done as a treatment correct abnormal heart rhythms or relieve chest pain Purpose The Valsalva maneuver used with patients who have suspected abnormalities , often in conjunction with echocardiography based on fact that when patient forcibly exhales against closed nose mouth while bearing down , if having bowel movement , specific changes occur in blood pressure rate volume of blood returning heart . Comparing changes diseased those expected normal gives clues type location damage . In addition , when doctor listens chest stethoscope during maneuver , characteristic sounds are heard . Variations these sounds can indicate type abnormality present heart . A 2004 study found that pressure response could predict mortality elderly patients congestive heart failure This could prove be new noninvasive way help determine how long elderly congestive failure are expected live . also corrects some rapid heartbeats originating atria . When done correctly , rises . This forces respond by correcting its rhythm beating more slowly . On rare occasions , can be diminish pain mild coronary disease . Unrelated any evaluation heart , also taught multiple sclerosis who unable fully empty bladder ( flaccid bladder ) . It sometimes sexual therapy help men avoid premature ejaculation Precautions should not performed have severe coronary artery disease experienced recent heart attack or moderate severe reduction volume . Description When formally , patient asked blow against an aneroid measuring device ( manometer ) maintain 40 millimeters mercury ( mm Hg ) for 30 seconds . Or , less formally , may asked bear down , if having bowel movement . During this 30 second period , recording made murmurs Preparation may connected monitor echocardiograph physician simply use stethoscope monitor Sometimes an indwelling needle inserted for accurate measurements , depending on whether procedure being corrective diagnostic purposes . Aftercare this procedure regulate irregular rhythms , usually remains evaluate heartbeat . Risks feel dizzy faint during procedure , but serious consequences rare . There risk cause blood clots detach , bleeding , abnormal rhythms originating ventricle . cause cardiac arrest . Consequently , usually setting where emergency equipment accessible . Normal results There four characteristic phases normal heart ' s response maneuver . An abnormality any these phases indicates cardiovascular abnormality . Resources Periodicals Jancin , Bruce . " New Mortality Predictor Found Heart Failure . " Family Practice News March 15 , 2004 : 48 - 49 . Key terms Atria has four chambers . right left atria at top receive returning from veins . right left ventricles at bottom act body ' s main pumps . Echocardiography An ultrasound test shows size , shape , movement Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . Valsalva maneuver val - sal vah 1 . increase intrathoracic forcible exhalation closed glottis ; causes trapping great veins , preventing it from entering atrium . breath released , intrathoracic drops trapped quickly propelled through heart , producing tachycardia ( increased rate ) rise blood pressure followed almost immediately reflex bradycardia occurs one strains defecate urinate , uses arms upper trunk muscles move up bed , strains coughing , gagging , vomiting . increased pressure , immediate tachycardia , reflex bradycardia bring about cardiac arrest vulnerable patients . 2 . increase eustachian tube middle ear forcible exhalation nostrils mouth . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . Val · sal · va ma · neu · ver vahl - sahl ' vă ) , phrase ambiguous . described increasing within pharynx reaerating middle ear consists forced expiratory effort lips nostrils . generally employed physical diagnosis consists forced expiratory effort glottis , which does not affect within pharynx . ( " strain " ) airway , whether glottis , reverse Müller maneuver because high impedes venous return atrium , study cardiovascular effects raised peripheral venous decreased filling output , well poststrain responses . Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 ( văl - săl ′ və , väl - säl ′ vä ) n . 1 . Expiratory nostrils pinched shut , which forces air into eustachian tubes increases inside eardrum . 2 . Expiratory increases thoracic cavity , causing decreased return transient drop pressure . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . [ valsal ′ və ] Etymology : Antonio M . Valsalva , Italian surgeon , 1666 - 1723 ; OFr , maneuvre , work hand airway , such individual holds breath tightens muscles concerted , strenuous move heavy object . Most healthy individuals perform maneuvers daily activities without injurious consequences . However , such efforts dangerous many disease , especially they become dehydrated , increasing viscosity their attendant risk clotting . Constipation trauma patients , especially they perform trying their bowels . On relaxation after each muscular held breath , individuals rushes often overloading system causing arrest . Orthopedic use changing position bed aid overhead trapeze bar . Patients endangered performing commonly instructed exhale instead holding move . Exhalation decreases trauma . Part danger response . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Forced expiration glottis after full inspiration , described 1704 expulse pus ear ; ' Valsalva ' ↑ intrathoracic ± 10 secs , eliciting complex series pulse rate BP involving both vagal sympathetic responses McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . Val · sal · va ma · neu · ver vahl - sahl ' vă mă - nū ' vĕr Any ( " strain " ) glottis ; because high impedes atrium , effects raised peripheral filling output . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 Valsalva , Antonio M . , Italian anatomist , 1666 - 1723 . aneurysm sinus congenital thin - walled tubular out - pouching noncoronary sinus entirely intracardiac course . teniae three bands longitudinal muscular fibers large intestine , except rectum , collected . Synonym ( s ) : teniae coli antrum cavity petrous portion temporal bone . Synonym ( s ) : mastoid antrum ligaments three ligaments attach auricle side head . auricular airway . muscle band vertical fibers outer surface tragus ear . tragicus muscle space between superior aspect each cusp aortic valve dilated portion wall ascending aorta . aortic test monitored maneuver , there complex sequence cardiocirculatory events , departure indicates disease malfunction . Medical Eponyms © Farlex 2012 combination glottis occurs coughing . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Valsalva + maneuver " > Valsalva maneuver < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in acid reflux test aeroparotitis air leak syndrome aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva aortic sinus atria auricular ligaments aviation medicine bearing down bearing down pains bedside commode Cloquet hernia commode congenital hernia constipation cystometrography docusate sodium embolism endocranial References in periodicals archive It should be emphasized to patients that no abrupt , laborious , or sudden movements should be performed since this initiates a and can potentially disrupt an immature clot . Delayed presentation of incidental durotomy Longitudinal ultrasound images with demonstrate bulging of mesenteric fat ( arrows ) through the internal inguinal ring , indicating an indirect inguinal hernia . Musculoskeletal ultrasound applications in the hip Stress test is performed after completion of the procedure both with valsalva maneuver and then with cough to put the correct tension on the tape . TRANSOBTURATOR TENSION FREE VAGINAL TAPES ; A SIMPLE , EFFECTIVE AND ECONOMICAL TREATMENT FOR GENUINE STRESS INCONTINENCE IN FEMALES Resting against the valve or the patient ' s epiglottis has the effect of decreasing blood flow during the breath hold as in a type of valsalva maneuver Effects of breath holding technique on DLCO results Typical heart rate rise at the can be seen at 105 s in Fig . Photoplethysmographic signal processing using adaptive sum comb filter for pulse delay measurement / Fotopletusmograafilise signaali tootlus pulsi viiteaja mootmisel adaptiivse kammfiltriga The effects of the simulated , liver compression , and / or Trendelenburg position on the cross - sectional area of the internal jugular vein in infants and young children . Effects of skin traction on cross - sectional area of the internal jugular vein in infants and young children According to the clinical vignette submitted to the AMA for code 51727 , this procedure will include a sustained as part of the urethral closure pressure profile . New codes bundle urodynamic studies - - a product of joint CMS and CPT input Objectives : To determine differences in diagnosis of valvular insufficiency by color doppler ultrasonography in standing or semi - Fowler position and or distal compression . Variacion en el diagnostico por ecografia doppler de insuficiencia valvular venosa de miembros inferiores , de pie y semisentado , utilizando las maniobras de valsalva y compresion distal During the physical examination the doctor asks the patient to cough , bear down or perform a ( the patient tries to exhale with her nose pinched and mouth closed ) to see if and how far the vagina protrudes as a result of the additional abdominal pressure . Pelvic organ prolapse 1995 ) or ( Schrijver & Berendse , 2003 ) have been identified as contributing to tension pneumocephalus . Tension pneumocephalus If the other techniques do n ' t seem to be working , adult fliers can simply try to blow air into the middle ear space , which is known as the ARE YOU LISTENING ? A FEW PRECAUTIONS CAN REDUCE OR ELIMINATE EAR PAIN DURING AIR TRAVEL More results ► Medical browser ▲ vallecula ovata vallecula sylvii vallecula unguis vallecular dysphagia Vallée ' s vaccine Valleix Valleix points Valleix , Francois L.I . Valleix ' s point Vallergan valley fever Valley of Death vallum vallum unguis Valoid Valone valor valproate valproate sodium valproate sodium / valproate sodium - valproic acid / valproic acid valproic acid valrubicin Valsalva leak point pressure Valsalva maculopathy valsalva manoeuvre Valsalva sinuses Valsalva test Valsalva , Antonio M . Valsalva ' s test valsartan valsiekte Valstar Valtrex valuation value value assessment value history value system value - based insurance design value - based pricing value - centered decision making values values clarification values , normal laboratory values , phonetic valuing Valuing People Now valva valval ▼ Full browser ▲ Valrelease Valrelease Valrik Enterprises Inc . Valrubicin VALS VALS Valsa sordida Valsalva antrum Valsalva antrum Valsalva leak point pressure Valsalva ligaments Valsalva maculopathy Valsalva maneouvre Valsalva maneouvre Valsalva maneuvers Valsalva manoeuvre Valsalva manoeuvre Valsalva manoeuvres Valsalva Manuever Valsalva Manuever Valsalva muscle Valsalva sinus Valsalva sinus Valsalva sinuses Valsalva test Valsalva ' s maneuver Valsalva ' s maneuver Valsalva ' s maneuvers Valsalva ' s manoeuvre Valsalva ' s manoeuvres Valsalva ' s test Valsalva , Antonio M Valsalva , Antonio M . Valsalvas maneuver Valsalvas test ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Velum+(anatomy)
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soft palate ( redirected from Velum ( anatomy ) Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia soft pal · ate [ TA ] the posterior muscular portion of the palate , forming an incomplete septum between mouth and oropharynx and between oropharynx nasopharynx . Synonym ( s ) : palatum molle [ TA ] , velum palatinum ☆ , velum pendulum palati Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 soft palate n . The movable fold , consisting of muscular fibers enclosed in a mucous membrane , that is suspended from rear hard palate closes off nasal cavity from oral cavity during swallowing or sucking . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . structure composed mucous membrane , fibers , glands , suspended posterior border hard palate forming roof mouth . When soft rises , as in swallowing sucking , it separates nasal nasopharynx part oral part pharynx . The border soft hangs like a curtain mouth pharynx . Suspended it is conical , pendulous , palatine uvula . Arching laterally base uvula are two curved musculomembranous pillars fauces . In dentistry , serves as anatomical landmark for construction maxillary full denture establishment seal which helps retain denture mouth . See palatal seal . Compare hard palate Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . soft pal · ate sawft pal ' ăt [ TA ] portion palate , an incomplete septum oropharynx , nasopharynx . Synonym ( s ) : velum palatinum Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 mobile flap muscle covered with membrane that attached to rear edge palate . seals off nose during swallowing . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 Soft palate structure at roof separates Mentioned in : Snoring Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . sawft pal ' ăt Posterior Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 soft palate , n composed membranes , fibers , glands , cavity . When rises , swallowing , nasopharynx In sucking superior surface tongue occlude orapharynx , creating seal . Thus prevents escape fluid food up through nose with tongue allows fluid food to collect until swallowed . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . fleshy partition at back which which , together forms cleft commonly defective but may be defect involving both palates . Manifested by difficulties sucking or regurgitation milk young age . Often associated entrapment by aryepiglottic fold . See also cleft lip . dislocation see dorsal displacement ( below ) . dorsal displacement free edge displaced its normal position under epiglottis lie over opening larynx causing reduction airflow . Common only horses . elongated overlong common abnormality brachycephalic dogs causes inspiratory respiratory distress , gagging coughing . interferes epiglottis glottis , particularly after becomes inflamed edematous . Other anomalies respiratory tract commonly are also present . Affected horses appear choke , then continue breathe through their characteristic rattling sound . cause pathogenesis unclear . myositis may contribute paresis . paresis causes functional pharyngeal paresis affected horse chokes up exercise ; often accompanies laryngeal hemiplegia . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / Velum+ ( anatomy ) " > soft palate < / a > Mentioned in ascending palatine artery ascending pharyngeal artery bifid uvula Bohn nodules cerebellar tonsil Cestan - Chenais syndrome cheilognathopalatoschisis cleft lip and palate cleft palate cranial root of accessory nerve denture sore mouth descending palatine artery fauces Forchheimer sign fovea palatinae glossopalatine arch glossopharyngeal nerve greater palatine nerve hard palate Medical browser ▲ velocity coefficient velocity encoding velocity of growth velocity of ultrasound velocity spectrum rehabilitation velogenic velometer velonoskiascopy velopharyngeal velopharyngeal adequacy velopharyngeal closure velopharyngeal inadequacy velopharyngeal insufficiency velopharyngeal seal Velosef Velosulin Velpeau Velpeau bandage Velpeau deformity Velpeau hernia Velpeau sling Velpeau , Alfred Velpeau , Alfred A.L.M . Velpeau ' s bandage velum Velum ( anatomy ) velum interpositum velvet velvet ant velvet ants vemurafenib ven - ven ( o ) - vena vena advehens vena cava vena cava filter vena cava , inferior vena cava , superior vena cavae vena caval filter vena caval filters vena caval foramen vena caval syndrome vena cerebri anterior vena cerebri media vena chorioidea vena comitans vena comitans of hypoglossal nerve vena cordis magna vena coronaria ventriculi ▼ Full browser ▲ Velpeau , Alfred ALM Velphoro VELPoC VELR VELS Velsen Velsen Velsk velskoen velskoens VELSTAB Velta Einovna Vilcina Velta Line Velta Martynovna Line Velta Vilcina Veltek Associates , Inc . Velten Mood Induction Procedure Veltfare Veltin Veltlin Veltman Aleksandr Fomich Veltman , Martinus Justinus Godefriedus Veltman , Mikhail Veltman , Mikhail Lazarevich velum Velum ( physiology ) Velum ( physiology ) velum abomasicum velum abomasicum velum interpositum velum interpositum cerebri velum interpositum cerebri velum medullare inferius velum medullare superius velum pendulum palati velum platinum velum platinum velum semilunare velum tarini velum terminale velum transversum velum triangulare velum uteri velum uteri ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Windows+RT
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arm ( redirected from Windows RT Also found in : Dictionary Financial Encyclopedia arm ahrm 1 . the part of the upper limb from shoulder to elbow ; called also brachium 2 . in common usage , entire upper limb 3 . a slender part or extension that projects from a main structure . chromosome arm brawny hard , swollen condition of due to lymphedema following mastectomy . chromosome either two segments chromosome separated by centromere . The arms are equal in length when centromere is median position and are unequal when centromere is off center ; symbol p indicates short and q long arm . Chromosome arms . From Dorland ' s , 2000 . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ) , [ TA ] 1 . The segment upper between shoulder elbow . Synonym ( s ) : brachio - brachium ( 1 ) 2 . An anatomic extension resembling an arm . 3 . A specifically shaped positioned removable partial denture framework . 4 . One set cases or participants an epidemiologic study , especially randomized controlled trial , which comparisons contrasts being made between sets . 5 . Colloquially , entire upper limb . [ L . armus , forequarter animal ; G . harmos , joint ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 ahrm brachium ; elbow . common usage , limb . slender that projects main structure . 4 . chromosome a . either two segments separated by centromere . Chromosome arms . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( ärm ) n . An human body , connecting hand wrist shoulder . A similar human arm , such as forelimb animal long projecting central support machine . armed ( ärmd ) adj . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . Etymology : L , armus 1 portion body bone humerus . muscles coracobrachialis , biceps brachii , brachialis , triceps brachii . 2 Usage notes : nontechnical , forearm . See also shoulder joint ARM abbreviation for artificial rupture ( fetal ) membranes . See amniotomy Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Anatomy ( 1 ) Brachium . extremity elbow ( 2 ) appendicular skeleton which includes free extremity ( pars libera membri superioris [ TA ] ) humerus finger tips . Evidence - based medicine sequence epochs ( time intervals ) during treatment consistent , defining course subject ’ s participation trial . Trials “ side ” on patient controlled clinical trial placed , usually treatment / experimental arm , placebo / control ( non - treated ) assigned random fashion . Vox populi ( Medspeak ) Upper extremity . ARM Abbreviation for : age - related maculopathy anaesthesia - resistant memory anorectal malformation anorectal manometry artificial rupture membranes Association Radical Midwives ( Medspeak - UK ) ATP regulatory module Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . Oncology ' side ' on Pt clinical trial placed , usually treatment placebo assigned random fashion . Control Treatment arm Q McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . arm [ TA ] segment elbow ; colloquially , whole Synonym ( s ) : brachio - anatomic resembling specifically shaped positioned removable partial denture framework . this page . [ L . armus , forequarter animal ; G . harmos , joint ] Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 ( arm ) In anatomy , In experimentation research science , protocol subjects enrolled . MUSCLES OF THE ARM : Anterior posterior views . popular extremity , hand . See : illustration research therapeutic agent , one several possible interventions . Most trials include active participants exposed agent under study as well placebo is , sham therapy used for purpose contrast comparison . articulated arm jointed instrument used imaging therapeutic procedures ( e.g. , permit stereotactic localization deep anatomical structures ; guide collection ultrasonic images ; focus direct laser energy ) . Boston arm See : Boston arm brawny arm Hard , swollen caused lymphedema after mastectomy . carrying angle of arm Carrying angle . Saturday - night arm colloquial term musculospiral paralysis . Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners arm technical speech writing , avoid using this word colloquial sense ' upper limb . ' Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 n projection neutral position n body be assumed while treating patient prevents cumulative trauma arm ; incorporates proper placement wrist , elbow , shoulder . reciprocal clasp oppose any force arising opposing clasp same tooth . retention . retention projection aid retention stabilization restoration . retainer divet . truss connector , minor . upright connector , minor . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . elbow joints ; sometimes called distinct lower section carpus . loosely , free thoracic limb , especially bipeds . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Patient discussion about arm Q . I have constant pain inside my What can it be ? last few weeks I have noticed right pain . strange thing pain specific point inside very near thnk started first time during baseball game but am not sure . I work factory sad before use my right baseball , hinders me . What can it be ? A . myself play lot pitcher , i same pain . It more painful forearm flexed towards body . went GP about because drove me nuts , he said need take anti - inflammatory drugs , if will not work he will inject me something . prescribed great medication did n ' t need injection . Q . developed AV Fistula after heart catherization procedure . am bleeding through tissues left coumadin , but currently lower than usual INR . Corrective surgery was scheduled yesterday , had be delayed . concerned large amount blood ( dark red ) bleeding though tissues under skin left Should seek immediate medical attention ? over approximately 3 1 / 2 " area Came about period few minutes . A . well , you blood thinners . i would n ' t take chance . mean - i ' m sure follow what happening over there . could severe problem nothing . would let doctor check out . worse thing could happen you wasting day at hospital , other end scenario - end up dead . would go with first one . My son displays behavior such hooting , screeching , flapping arms , " chicken " dancing , rocking . . . Hi members , please help choose way . My son displays behavior hooting , screeching , flapping arms , " chicken " dancing , rocking , bouncing , jumping , limited repetitive play skills , low self esteem , difficulty commencing occasionally sustaining adult directed tasks , difficulty maintaining relationships with adults peers , becomes easily frustrated become physically verbally aggressive , overreact being touched , easily distracted noise , short attention span , likes routine finds difficult change task , listening , following verbal instructions . He like at home school . been told local NHS group autistic because his parent ’ s separation divorce his early life does present these behaviors " pervasive feature " . Instead they suggest needs hearing check has " neuro developmental immaturities " . What your opinion ? Should get second opinion ? if ask they right . anyway careful over - the - net - diagnosis . their specialist saw child examined behavior , probably know what doing . even sure - get second opinion . ca n ' t hurt it ? More discussions about arm This content is provided by iMedix and is subject to iMedix Terms . The Questions and Answers are not endorsed or recommended and are made available by patients , not doctors . Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : Mentioned in abrachia abrachiocephalia acephalobrachia active arm anatomical position ankle - brachial index arm board arm bone arm length discrepancy arm muscle arm ratio arm recoil articulated arm aVF bar clasp bar clasp arm brachi - brachi ( o ) - brachia Medical browser ▲ windburn windchill windchill factor windchill index windigo Windigo psychosis winding sheet windkessel circulation windlass effect windlass test windmill grass Windmill Hand window window cast window level Window of Death window of opportunity Window of Opportunity Research Window operation window period window resection window width windowed windowing Windows Windows RT windpipe Windscheid ’ s disease windsock deformity Windstorm windsucking wind - sucking Windswept Cortex windup wine wine cooler wine sore wineglass winegrower ' s lung Winer ' s pore dilation wing Wing Beating wing case wing cell wing of central lobule Wingate test wing - beating tremor winged catheter winged infusion kit winged scapula winged thistle ▼ Full browser ▲ Windows Program Analyst ' s Toolkit Windows Protected Environment Windows Quality Online Services Windows Query Language Windows Rally Windows Rally Windows Random Access Memory Windows Ready Boost Windows ReadyBoost Windows Realtime Windows Recorded TV Windows Recovery Console Windows Recovery Environment Windows Registration Editor Windows Registry Windows Registry Checker Windows Remote Management Windows requirements Windows Research Kernel Windows Resource Windows Resource Kit Windows Resource Kit Windows Resource Manager Windows Resource Protection Windows Resources Windows Rights Management Windows Rights Management Services Windows RT jailbreaking Windows RT PC Windows RT tablet Windows Runtime Windows Runtime Windows SBS Windows Script Windows Script Component Windows Script File Windows Script Host Windows Script Host Windows Script Host Virus Windows Script Runtime Windows scripting Windows Scripting File Windows Scripting Host Windows Scripting Host Windows Scripting Language Windows Scriptlet Windows scripts Windows SDK Windows SDK Windows Search Windows Search Protocol Windows Second Edition Windows Second Edition ▼
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Wound+Care
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wound care Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Acronyms Encyclopedia care kār the services rendered by members of the health professions for benefit of a patient . See also treatment acute care see acute care admission in nursing interventions classification a nursing intervention defined as facilitating entry patient into health facility . adult day service provided for adults with disability or illness who need partial or supplemental and companionship during day , when family members are working otherwise unable to stay at home with disabled relative . Among services that may be offered at an adult day center are nursing ( e.g. , medication administration and monitoring ) ; nutritional education , counseling ; physical , speech , occupational therapy ; socialization . ambulatory acute that provided on an outpatient basis . amputation in interventions classification nursing intervention defined as promotion physical psychological healing after amputation body part . bed rest promotion comfort safety prevention complications patient unable to get out bed . See also bed rest bladder activities designed maintain urinary bladder function , including retraining , catheter change , catheter irrigation . bowel activities designed maintain bowel function , including enema training , diet , medication . incontinence continence maintenance perianal skin integrity . incontinence care : encopresis continence children . cardiac limitation complications resulting from imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply demand symptoms impaired cardiac function . care : limitation recently experiencing episode imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply demand resulting impaired function . rehabilitative maximal functional activity level who has suffered episode functon which resulted from demand . cast protect immobilized body part , relief pain , pressure constriction circulation . hazards of immobility cast maintenance after drying period . wet new during drying period . cesarean section preparation support delivering baby by cesarean section circulatory arterial insuficiency arterial circulation . circulatory mechanical assist device temporary support circulation through use mechanical devices pumps . venous insufficiency venous contact lens prevention eye injury lens damage proper use contact lenses . continuing level health care system consists ongoing physically handicapped , mentally retarded , emotionally retarded , those suffering chronic incapacitating illness . cord specialized remnants newborn ' s umbilical cord until it falls off , consisting cleaning precautions prevent infection . Cleansing protocols continue until site is completely healed . critical intensive care culture - specific those assistive , supportive , facilitative acts toward individual group evident anticipated needs congruent values lifestyles individual , family , group specific culture , used cultural care diversity and universality theory . care / respite omaha system providing individual institution supervision dependent child abscence usual caregiver parent . developmental structuring environment providing response behavioral cues states preterm infant . direct provision require some degree interaction provider . Examples include assessment , performing procedures , teaching , implementation plan . dying physical comfort psychological peace final phase life . dying ear minimization threats ear hearing . embolus peripheral experiencing , risk for , occlusion peripheral embolus pulmonary experiencing , risk for , occlusion pulmonary emergency life - saving measures life - threatening situations . emergency episodic aimed cure restoration previous functioning . eye minimization threats visual integrity . family - centered maternity pattern caring infants their families used Health Welfare Canada . It is characterized great deal flexibility parental choice , professionals encouraged individualize care . Breast feeding rooming encouraged grandparent sibling visits permitted . foot see foot hair neat , clean , attractive hair . health care system high - risk pregnancy identification management high - risk pregnancy promote healthy outcomes mother baby . home home health care incision site cleansing , monitoring , healing wound closed sutures , clips , staples . indirect related but do not require interaction provider patient . Examples include charting scheduling . infant provision developmentally appropriate family - centered child under one year age . intensive seriously ill patients special hospital unit ; intensive care unit Called critical care intrapartal monitoring management stages one two birth process . labor intrapartal delivery assisting vaginal birth multiple malpositioned fetuses . kangaroo promoting closeness parent physiologically stable preterm infant preparing parent environment skin - to - skin contact . kinlein kinlein long - term required extended period time individuals fully execute daily living ; it can be variety agencies outpatient settings well on inpatient basis . managed method delivery focuses collaboration among coordination all avoid overlap , duplication , delays reduce costs . There emphasis efficacy timeliness prevent unnecessary delays discharge hospital agency . medical / dental omaha system diagnosis treatment physician dentist . mouth mouth care nail clean , neat , attractive nails skin lesions related improper nails . newborn neonate transition extrauterine life subsequent period stabilization . therapeutic addition intermittent service , private duty nursing . ostomy elimination through stoma surrounding tissue . ostomy ( omaha ) omaha system , elimination artificial openings , colostomy ileostomy . palliative supportive care perineal perianal integrity relief perineal discomfort . peripherally inserted central insertion peripherally inserted central catheter . personal hygiene , bathing , shampooing , shaving , nail trimming , dressing , so on . point location which delivered . postanesthesia monitoring has recently undergone general regional anesthesia . postmortem expired family viewing body . postoperative postoperative postpartal given birth . termination needs woman undergoing spontaneous elective abortion prenatal 1 . pregnant woman before infant . 2 . nursing intervention promote healthy outcome both mother preoperative preoperative care pressure ulcer facilitation pressure ulcers preventive consists public health programs such school education . primary routine receives first prosthesis removable appliance worn associated its use . prosthesis respiratory respiratory care respite 1 . agency permit primary caregiver temporary caring ill individual . 2 . short - term provide restorative follow - up rehabilitation optimal functional level . secondary specialists whom been referred primary care facilities ; acute care self performance basic activities of daily living under assistance deficit sickness / injury appropriate responses illness accidents , first aid , taking temperature , seeking medical care . skilled registered nurse skilled nursing facility It currently includes observation periods unstable illness ; administration intravenous fluids , enteral feedings , intravenous intramuscular medications ; short - term retraining ; changing sterile dressings . integrity integument , pressure ulcers massage topical treatments application topical substances manipulation devices minimize breakdown . spiritual spiritual care subacute comprehensive goal - oriented inpatient had illness , injury , exacerbation disease process ; rendered either immediately instead hospitalization , treat specific active complex medical conditions administer any necessary technically complex treatments context person ' s underlying long - term condition . supportive help achieve but do not affect course disease . Called palliative care tertiary procedures given center highly trained specialists often advanced technology . total method organizing patients such practitioner carries out all requirements . traction / immobilization classification , traction and / or stabilizing device immobilize stabilize part . tube external drainage exiting body . tube chest external water - seal drainage exiting chest cavity . gastrointestinal gastrointestinal tube . umbilical line newborn umbilical catheter . urinary equipment . ventriculostomy / lumbar drain cerebrospinal fluid system . ventriculostomy drain assistance promoting maintaining urinary enuresis children . retention relieving distention . retention of urine wound wound healing closed system site . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . wound care Nursing Interventions Classification ( NIC ) healing . Nursing Interventions Classification Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Any technique enhances abrasions , blisters , cracks , craters , infections , lacerations , necrosis , and / or ulcers . Wound involves local skin , débridement dressings ; careful positioning affected part avoid excessive wound ; 3 . application compression medicated bandages ; 4 . edema lymphedema ; 5 . infection ; 6 . optimization nutrition blood glucose levels ; 7 . supports cushions ; 8 . maximization blood flow oxygen . Website : Association Advancement Wound Care : www . aawcone . org / patientresources . shtml also : Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / wound + care " > wound care < / a > Mentioned in absorptive dressing Accuzyme Acticoat adaptic algin alginic acid alteration Apligraf Aquacel Hydrofiber beth root Biafine biosurgery bowel incontinence care bowel incontinence care : encopresis burn therapy Burns calcium alginate dressing change Medical browser ▲ Wormley , Theodore G . Wormley ' s test worms wormseed wormwood worn tennis ball appearance Worried Wealthy worried well worst headache of my life worsted wort worth Worth amblyoscope Worth , Claud worthlessness WOSCOPS Wotherspoon criteria Woulfe Woulfe bottle Woulfe , Peter wound assessment wound ballistics wound bed wound botulism wound care product wound care : burns wound care : closed drainage wound cleansing wound clip wound colonization wound contamination wound contracture wound culture wound culture and sensitivity wound dehiscence Wound Flushing wound healing wound healing : primary intention wound healing : secondary intention wound hypoxia wound infection wound irrigation wound isolation wound myiasis wound ostomy continence nurse wound preparation wound repair wound sealing wound swab ▼ Full browser ▲ wouldst Woulfe Woulfe bottle Woulfe bottles Woulfe bottles Woulfe , Peter WOUM WOUMCU wound around the axle wound assessment wound back Wound ballistics wound bed Wound Bed Preparation wound botulism Wound Care Certified Wound Care Education Institute Wound Care Information Network Wound Care Institute Wound Care Management Program wound care product Wound Care Specialist wound care : burns wound care : closed drainage wound cleansing wound clip Wound colonization Wound colonization wound contamination wound contraction wound contraction wound contracture Wound Culture wound culture and sensitivity Wound Debridement ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/X-linked+disorder
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X - linked disorder X - linked disorder disease or disorder associated with genetic abnormalities on the X chromosomes . Examples are the muscular dystrophies and hemophilias . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . A condition in which defective gene is on X chromosome ; because ♂ have one chromosome , they are usually affected if defective gene is structural – ie , necessary for function . See Autosomal dominant Autosomal recessive McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . A disease caused by genes located chromosome . See : choroideremia hemophilia Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / X - linked + disorder " > X - linked disorder < / a > Mentioned in adrenoleukodystrophy Adrenomyodystrophy agammaglobulinemia anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia Barth syndrome Barth ' s syndrome Blue Color - Blindness ceramidase deficiency CK syndrome craniofrontonasal syndrome deficiency of sweating disorder focal dermal hypoplasia glucose - 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency gonadal dysgenesis gout growth hormone heterozygote Medical browser ▲ xipho - xiphocostal xiphocostal ligament xiphodynia xiphoid xiphoid appendix xiphoid process xiphoid process of sternum xiphoiditis xiphopagotomy xiphopagus Xiphophorus Xiphosura x - irradiation xixin XLA X - LA XLA - IGHD XLD medium X - linkage X - linked X - linked adrenoleukodystrophy X - linked agammaglobulinemia X - linked bulbospinal neuropathy X - linked centronuclear - myotubular myopathy X - linked disorders x - linked dominant inheritance X - linked Dyggve - Melchior - Clausen syndrome X - linked familial atypical mycobacteriosis type 1 X - linked gene X - linked hypogammaglobulinaemia and isolated growth hormone deficiency X - linked hypogammaglobulinemia X - linked hypogammaglobulinemia with growth hormone deficiency X - linked hypophosphatemia X - linked hypophosphatemic osteomalacia X - linked hypophosphatemic rickets X - linked ichthyosis X - linked inheritance X - linked locus X - linked lymphoproliferative disorder X - linked lymphoproliferative syndrome X - linked mental retardation syndrome X - linked mucopolysaccharidosis X - linked recessive x - linked recessive inheritance X - linked - dominant inheritance X - linked - recessive inheritance XLP Xm XMP ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/X-linked+trait
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X - linked ( redirected from X - linked trait Also found in : Dictionary X - linked eks lingkt transmitted by genes on the X chromosome ; see also X - linked gene The probabilities of male relatives being affected and female relatives being carriers of an recessive disorder . All the daughters an affected male are obligate carriers . From Mueller and Young , 2001 . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . linkt ) , Pertaining to genes borne on X chromosome . Avoid confusing this word with sex - linked Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 eks linkt transmitted by chromosome ; sex - linked . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( ĕks ′ lĭngkt ′ ) adj . Of , relating to , or characterized located chromosome . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . [ eks ′ lingkt ] pertaining to or characteristics conditions they transmit that are carried Compare Y - linked See also sex - linked disorder linkage , n . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Sex linked Genetics adjective Referring a mode transmission in which a trait gene is linked chromosome generally expressed only in males . See Gene Mutation , Sex McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . X - link · ed lingkt Pertaining borne Commonly but erroneously used synonymously with sex - linked , which would comprise Y - linked traits . Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 genes , effect genes , situated X CHROMOSOME disorders those caused mutated They include AGAMMAGLOBULINAEMIA ALBINISM ALPORT SYNDROME Charcot - Marie - Tooth peroneal muscular atrophy , COLOUR BLINDNESS DIABETES INSIPIDUS ectodermal dysplasia , glucose - 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency , FABRY DISEASE glycogen storage disease VIII , gonadal dysgenesis , HAEMOPHILIA A one form HYDROCEPHALUS HYPOPHOSPHATAEMIA ICHTHYOSIS TURNER ' S SYNDROME one form mental retardation , Becker Duchesse MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA TESTICULAR FEMINIZATION SYNDROME Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 Located chromosome , sex chromosomes . follow characteristic pattern inheritance from generation next . Mentioned in : Lipidoses Wiskott - Aldrich Syndrome Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . X - link · ed lingkt Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 traits sex - linked ; categories dominant , recessive . agammaglobinemia see Bruton ' s agammaglobulinemia trait sex - linked , e.g . coat color cats , hemophilia . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / X - linked + trait " > X - linked < / a > Mentioned in adrenoleukodystrophy agammaglobulinemia Aicardi syndrome Anderson - Fabry disease autosomal inheritance AUTSX1 AUTSX2 Barth syndrome Bruton agammaglobulinemia Bruton tyrosine kinase Bruton ' s agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase Btk cardiac valvular dysplasia , X - linked cardiomyopathy dilated X - linked type 3B chondrodysplasia punctata chondrodysplasia punctata X - linked recessive type 1 choroideremia CMD3B Coffin - Lowry syndrome Medical browser ▲ X - linked adrenoleukodystrophy X - linked agammaglobulinemia X - linked bulbospinal neuropathy X - linked centronuclear - myotubular myopathy X - linked disorder X - linked disorders x - linked dominant inheritance X - linked Dyggve - Melchior - Clausen syndrome X - linked familial atypical mycobacteriosis type 1 X - linked gene X - linked hypogammaglobulinaemia and isolated growth hormone deficiency X - linked hypogammaglobulinemia X - linked hypogammaglobulinemia with growth hormone deficiency X - linked hypophosphatemia X - linked hypophosphatemic osteomalacia X - linked hypophosphatemic rickets X - linked ichthyosis X - linked inheritance X - linked locus X - linked lymphoproliferative disorder X - linked lymphoproliferative syndrome X - linked mental retardation syndrome X - linked mucopolysaccharidosis X - linked recessive x - linked recessive inheritance X - linked trait X - linked - dominant inheritance X - linked - recessive inheritance XLP Xm XMP XO XO configuration XO female XO syndrome Xolair Xoloitzcuintli Xopenex Xp X - pattern esotropia X - pattern exotropia x - radiation X - rated x - ray x - ray beam X - ray crystallography x - ray dermatitis x - ray film x - ray film , full - mouth x - ray fish x - ray fluoroscopy ▼ Full browser ▲ X - Linked Progressive Cone Dystrophy X - linked progressive deafness type 1 X - Linked Progressive Retinal Atrophy X - linked recessive X - Linked Recessive Bulbospinal Neuronopathy X - Linked Recessive Bulbospinal Neuronopathy X - Linked Recessive Hypophosphataemic Rickets X - Linked Recessive Ichthyosis X - linked recessive inheritance X - linked recessive inheritance X - Linked Recessive Nephrolithiasis X - linked recessive spinocerebellar ataxia X - Linked Retinitis Pigmentosa X - linked Retinitis Pigmentosa 2 X - linked SCID X - linked SCID X - linked severe combined immunodeficiency X - linked severe combined immunodeficiency X - linked sideroblastic anemia X - linked sideroblastic anemia X - Linked Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy X - linked spinal - bulbar muscle atrophy X - linked susceptibility to mycobacterial disease type 1 X - linked ubiquitin carboxyl - terminal hydrolase 27 X - linked uric aciduria enzyme defect X - linked uric aciduria enzyme defect X - linked VACTERL association X - linked visceral heterotaxy X - linked - dominant inheritance X - linked - recessive inheritance X - mark X - mas X - mas X - MED X - Men X - Men ( comic book ) X - Men ( comics ) X - Men 2 X - Men Legends X - Men Legends II : Rise of Apocalypse X - Men new article temp X - Men vs . Street Fighter X - Men : Children of the Atom X - Men : Evolution X - Men : Excalibur X - Men : First Class X - Men : Generation X X - Men : New Mutants X - Men : X - Factor X - Men : X - Force / X - Statix X - Methods File System X - Micro Wireless X - MIL ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Zoonose
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zoonosis ( redirected from Zoonose Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Zoonosis Definition Zoonosis , also called zoonotic disease refers to diseases that can be passed from animals , whether wild or domesticated , to humans . Description Although many diseases are species specific , meaning that they can only occur in one animal species , many other be spread between different animal species . These are infectious diseases , caused by bacteria , viruses , or other disease causing organisms live as well in humans as animals . There different methods of transmission for diseases . In some cases , zoonotic transferred by direct contact with infected animals , much being near an infected human cause the spread of an infectious disease . Other drinking water contains the eggs parasites . The eggs enter water supply from feces animals . Still others eating flesh Tapeworms this way . Other insect vectors . An insect , such a flea tick , feeds on animal , then feeds on a human . In process , insect transfers infecting organism . The Centers for Disease Control ( CDC ) Atlanta have said most emerging around world zoonotic . director CDC has said 11 last 12 emerging infections world with serious health consequences has probably arisen sources . Wild trade occurs across countries and people take wild animals domestic pets . However , pet shops and food markets not properly testing parasites cause harm humans Some well known , such rats plague ) , deer tick Lyme disease ) . Others not known . For example , elephants may develop tuberculosis it humans . Causes and symptoms following is partial list animals they may carry . Not all carriers listed , nor all various species carry . Bats important rabies carriers , also carry several viral affect Cats carry causative organisms plague , anthrax cowpox , tapeworm , bacterial infections . Dogs plague , tapeworm , rabies , Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Lyme disease . Horses anthrax , rabies , Salmonella infections . Cattle anthrax , European tick - borne encephalitis Salmonella infections bacterial viral diseases . Pigs best known carrying but large number including influenza rabies . Sheep goats European tick - borne encephalitis , infections , Rabbits plague Q - Fever . Birds Campylobacteriosis , Chlamydia psittaci , Pasteurella multocida , Histoplasma capsulatum , Salmonellosis others . Zoonotic ways . Tapeworms often when people eat meat cattle , swine . transferred vectors , often blood - feeding insects one another . Diagnosis Diagnosis is made usual manner , identifying infecting organism . Each established symptoms tests . Identifying carrier easy , more difficult when fairly common infection . For example , tapeworms usually specific . Cattle , pigs , fish tapeworms , although transmitted who eat undercooked meat containing live tapeworm eggs . Once tapeworm been identified , it easy tell which came from . harder identify . Sometimes infection fairly common among both impossible tell . Snakes bacteria Escherichia coli Proteus vulgaris but since these bacteria already among humans , would difficult trace back snakes . Because increased trade between nations , changes habitats , there new These found transported nation another , bringing them new some cases , changes environment lead migratory habits species , bringing Treatment Treatment established treatment specific infection . Prevention Prevention take forms , depending nature carrier Some avoided immunizing Pets domestic should have rabies vaccinations , immunized oral vaccine encased suitable bait . places , bait dropped airplane over range potential carrier . When eats bait , ingest oral vaccine , thereby protecting them reducing risk This method been used protect foxes , coyotes , Many passed eating prevented proper cooking meat . Tapeworm infestations prevented cooking , chickens being sure both fully cooked . Key terms Anthrax A diease wam blooded particularly cattle sheep , transmissable causes severe skin lung damage . Bovine spongiform encephalopathy A progressive , fatal nervous system It transmitted food . Also known Mad Cow Lyme disease An acute which usually marked skin rash , fever , fatigue chills . Left untreated , heart nervous system damage . Q - Fever marked high fever , chills muscle pain . It seen North America , Europe , parts Africa . drinking raw milk , tick bites . Zoonotic diseases , programs place eliminate host , vector spreads Plague elimination rats — a source infection — and fleas rats Efforts around control bovine spongiform encephalitis , better Mad Cow disease , focused destruction cattle prevent Regulations makeup feed ensure safety prevent helped curb its spread . means prevention simply rely care . People living areas where Lyme warned precautions against bite deer tick , transfers precautions include walking tall grass , walking bare legged , wearing light - colored clothing so presence dark ticks readily seen . Resources Periodicals " CDC Improves Monitoring Outbreaks . " American Medical News January 24 , 2000 . " When man ' s best friend is n ' t . " Mother Earth News June - July 2000 . " Zoonoses . " Agricultural Research February " Zoonotic Diseases . " Medical Laboratory Observer March 2004 : 12 . " The threat : Curbing pet - to - people infections . " Dog World October 1999 . Organizations American Association Zoo Keepers ( AAZK ) . Topeka Zoological Park 3601 SW 29th St . , Ste . 133 Topeka , KS 66614 - 2054 . National Animal Disease Center Research Unit . 2300 Dayton Ave . PO Box 70 Ames , IA 50010 . Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . zoonosis zo ″ o - no sis ( pl . zoono ses transmissible adj . , adj zoonot ic . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . zo · o · no · sis zō ' ō - nō ' sis ) , infection infestation shared nature See also : anthropozoonosis cyclozoonosis metazoonosis saprozoonosis zooanthroponosis [ zoo - + G . nosos , disease ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 / zoo · no · sis / - no sis ) ( zo - on ĕ - sis pl . zoono ses transmissible humans . zoonot ic Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( zō - ŏn ′ ə - sĭs ) n . pl . zoono · ses ( - sēz ′ ) psittacosis , zo ′ o · not ′ ic ( - ə - nŏt ′ ĭk ) adj . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . [ zō · on ′ əsis , zō ′ ənō ′ sis ] Etymology : Gk , zoon + nosis , its primary host . kinds zoonoses equine encephalitis leptospirosis yellow fever Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Epidemiology microbe ' s cycle completed man mammal McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . zo · o · no · sis zō ' ō - nō ' sis infestation shared normal usual host ; acquired source . See also : anthropozoonosis metazoonosis saprozoonosis zoo - + G . nosos , disease ] Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 occurring primarily occasionally humans , example bovine tuberculosis , brucellosis . Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 zoonosis ( zōō · ônˑ · sis ) n originates human host . Examples yellow equine leptospirosis , possibly SARS . Jonas : Mosby ' s Dictionary of Complementary and Alternative Medicine . ( c ) 2005 , Elsevier . zoonoses direct contact via inanimate vehicle requires only reservoir vertebrate ( passing directly without involvement vector intermediate host ) maintain cycle infection , e.g . rabies . cyclozoonosis Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : Facebook Twitter Mentioned in amphixenosis Animal Bite Infections anthrax Babesia babesiosis balantidiasis bovine spongiform encephalopathy Brucella Brucella abortus Brucella canis Brucella melitensis Brucella suis canine adenovirus 1 clinical disease communicable disease complicating disease constitutional disease contagious disease References in periodicals archive Respostas dos professores participantes do curso " Para Viver de Bem com os Bichos " , segundo o momento , natureza das respostas e o conhecimento sobre o bem estar animal , e prevencao , metodos de controle reprodutivo de caes e gatos e justificativa - - Sao Paulo - - 2008 . The impact of the dogs and cats module of educational project on " to live well with the animals " / Impacto educativo do modulo caes e gatos , do projeto " para viver de bem com os bichos " / Impacto educativo del modulo perros y gatos del proyecto " para tener una buena convivencia con los animales " De acordo com Kahn ( 3 ) , as constituem um serio problema que ameaca a saude publica mundialmente . Actions of the sanitary and epidemiological surveillance in the zoonosis control programs / Acoes da vigilancia epidemiologica e sanitaria nos programas de controle de zoonoses / Acciones de la vigilancia sanitaria y epidemiologica en los programas de control de la zoonosis Parasitic is a rapidly evolving subdiscipline of parasitology involving both medical and Veterinary practioners . Parasitic Zoonoses in the New Millennium Some developed countries have networks advocating ' One Health ' for combating , whereas inadequacies exist in developing nations such as those West African countries in which the current EVD epidemic is taking place . Ebola viral disease : need for augmented ' One Health ' approaches in Africa The lack of effective and sensitive surveillance systems combined with low awareness of the risks associated with contributes to a general under estimation of the importance of in developing countries ( 1 - 4 ) . Establecimiento de prioridades en la vigilancia , la prevencion y el control de las zoonosis en Bogota , Colombia From cyst - causing tapeworms to avian flu , present a major threat to human and animal health , ' said Delia Grace , a veterinary epidemiologist and food safety expert with ILRI in Kenya and lead author of the study . New International Livestock Research Institute ( ILRI ) study maps hotspots of human - animal infectious diseases and emerging disease outbreaks From cyst - causing tapeworms to avian flu , present a major threat to human and animal health , " said Delia Grace , a veterinary epidemiologist and food safety expert with the International Livestock Research Institute ( ILRI ) in Kenya and lead author of the study . Millions of people dying from animal diseases Fulford ' s COMPANION ANIMAL ZOONOSES ( 9780813819648 , $ 124 . Wiley - Blackwell As sao doencas de animais transmissiveis ao homem , bem como aquelas transmitidas do homem para os animais . Fatores de risco da transmissao de zoonoses por costumes da populacao de Ilha Solteira , Brasil Human - animal medicine ; clinical approaches to , toxicants , and other shared health risks . Human - animal medicine ; clinical approaches to zoonoses , toxicants , and other shared health risks Canadian experts at the Ontario Centre for Public Health and Zoonoses and the City of Hamilton Health Department write the blog ( click on the " Cats " category to get started ) . Web pick of the month Zoonoses are diseases that originate in animals but can jump species and infect humans . Defending mankind from m airborne killers ; With swine flu heading the news , Liverpool is at the forefront of the fight to stop such epidemics spreading . Peter Elson reports More results ► Medical browser ▲ zoogenous zoogeny zoogeography zooglea zoogloea zoogony zoograft zoografting zooid zoolagnia zoolite zoological zoologist zoology zoom zoom control zoom lens zoomania Zoomastigophora Zoomastigophorea Zoomer zoometry - zoon Zoon balanitis Zoon , Johannes Jacobus Zoonose zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis Zoonotic diseases zoonotic filariasis zoonotic infection zoonotic potential zooparasite zooparasitic cirrhosis zoopathology zoophagous zoopharmacognosy zoopherin zoophile zoophilia zoophilic zoophilism zoophobia zoophyte zooplankton zooplasty zoopsia zoosadism zooscopy ▼ Full browser ▲ zooms zooms zooms by zooms in zooms in on zooms off zooms out Zoomshot Digital Snapshot Binoculars Zoomworld Zoomworld zoon Zoon balanitis Zoon erythroplasia Zoon , Johannes Jacobus zoonal zooned Zoonic zooning Zoonite zoonitic Zoonomia Zoönomia zoonomic zoonomist Zoonomy Zoonosis Control Division Zoonosis Control Group Zoonotic and Environmentally Transmitted Diseases Zoonotic and Vectorborne Disease Unit zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis zoonotic disease zoonotic disease Zoonotic diseases zoonotic filariasis zoonotic infection zoonotic potential Zoonotic vector Zoonotic vector Zoonotic Visceral Leishmaniasis zoons Zoonule Zooology Zooology ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/acute
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acute Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Acronyms Encyclopedia Wikipedia Related to acute : acute lymphoblastic leukemia acute myeloid leukemia acute pyelonephritis acute abdomen Acute appendicitis acute glomerulonephritis acute ah - kūt 1 . sharp . 2 . having severe symptoms and a short course . Some serious illnesses that were formerly considered ( such as myocardial infarction ) are now recognized to be episodes of chronic conditions . care the level of care in the health care system that consists emergency treatment and critical care . Called also secondary care coronary syndrome a classification encompassing clinical presentations ranging from unstable angina through myocardial infarctions not characterized by alterations in Q waves classification sometimes also includes myocardial infarctions characterized by altered Q waves respiratory distress syndrome ( ARDS ) group symptoms accompanying fulminant pulmonary edema resulting respiratory failure ; called shock lung wet lung , many other names descriptive etiology or clinical manifestations . Many etiologic factors have been associated with ARDS , including shock , fat embolism , fluid overload , oxygen toxicity , fluid aspiration , narcotic overdose , disseminated intravascular coagulation , multiple transfusions , inhalation toxic gases , diffuse pulmonary infection , systemic reactions to sepsis , pancreatitis , massive trauma or burns . ARDS is clinically dyspnea tachypnea tachycardia cyanosis hypoxemia Pa O 2 / FI O 2 remains low ( below cc ) even with oxygen therapy at high concentrations . The lung compliance is decreased so lung stiffer more difficult ventilate . Chest radiographs show signs bilateral interstitial alveolar edema . Cardiac filling pressures are normal , capillary wedge pressure below 18 torr . Most authorities consider has three phases stages characterize its progression : exudative stage , fibroproliferative proliferative stage , resolution recovery stage . The exudative stage comes first , two four days after onset injury , distinguished accumulation excessive alveoli entrance protein inflammatory cells from alveolar capillaries into air spaces . fibroproliferative stage comes second an increase connective tissue other structural elements lungs response initial injury . It begins between first third weeks after initial injury may last up ten weeks . Microscopic examination reveals tissue appears densely cellular . patient at risk for pneumonia sepsis pneumothorax this time . third resolution recovery stage . During this reorganizes recovers , although it continues show signs fibrosis Lung function may continue improve for as long six twelve months even longer , depending on precipitating condition severity injury . It important remember there often different levels patients ARDS . Some authorities refer fourth phase ARDS , period patients continue experience health problems caused illness , such coughing , limited exercise tolerance , fatigue . Anxiety , depression , flashback memories critical illness occur be similar posttraumatic stress disorder Treatment Patient Care Mechanical ventilation must begun first hyperventilation hypoxemia before obvious distress develop . A cuffed endotracheal tube tracheostomy tube used maintain an airway . patient ventilated lowest concentration maintains arterial saturation ( Sa 90 per cent . positive end - expiratory pressure ( PEEP ) continuous positive airway pressure ( CPAP ) used increase number alveoli remain open end exhalation thus decrease shunt . hemodynamic monitoring using swan - ganz catheter done measure cardiac output , capillary wedge pressure , right atrial pressure . An arterial line placed continuously monitor blood pressure measure blood gases A diuretic such furosemide ( Lasix ) administered reduce volume overload edema . If infection develops , antibiotics administered . Hemodynamic parameters , blood gas levels , intake output , breath sounds , vital signs , inspiratory pressure , tidal volume , inspired concentration , end - expiratory pressure all continuously monitored . situational reaction transient , self - limiting emotional reaction severe psychological stress . See acute stress disorder adjustment disorder posttraumatic stress disorder brief reactive psychosis stress disorder anxiety disorder development anxiety dissociation within one month following exposure extremely traumatic event , including reexperiencing event , avoidance trauma - related stimuli , anxiety increased arousal , some all following : subjective sense diminished emotional responsiveness , numbing , detachment , derealization , depersonalization , amnesia aspects event . If persistent , it become stress acute situational reaction Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . a · cute ă - kyūt ' ) , Avoid jargonistic use word refer short - term therapy , sedation 1 . Referring health effect , usually rapid onset , brief , not prolonged ; sometimes loosely mean severe . 2 . Referring exposure , brief , intense , short - term ; specifically referring brief exposure high intensity . [ L . acutus , sharp ] Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 ah - kūt having short course . Dorland ' s Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers . © 2007 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ( ə - kyo͞ot ′ ) adj . Extremely sharp severe ; intense : pain ; pleasure . Medicine a . Having rapid onset following but course : disease . b . Afflicted disease exhibiting followed short , course : patients . a · cute ′ ly adv . a · cute ′ ness n . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . [ əkyo̅o̅t ′ ] Etymology : L , acutus , sharp 1 ( of disease symptoms ) beginning abruptly marked intensity sharpness , then subsiding relatively period . severe . Compare chronic Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Acute condition which often accompanied generally brief duration . ACUTE Cardiology ( 1 ) Analysis Coronary Ultrasound Thrombolysis Endpoints Acute Myocardial Infarction . trial studied feasibility ultrasound thrombolysis ( UT ) coronary artery occlusion . Primary endpoints MACE 6 months ; 39 patients . Conclusion 1 death , re - infarction new lesion ; left ventricular ejection fraction follow - up increased 29 % , 45 74 % ; primary UT clot - burden lesions induces re - perfusion highly significant myocardial salvage . ( 2 ) Assessment Cardioversion Utilizing Transesophageal Echocardiography . trial comparing feasibility safety TEE - guided early cardioversion conventional cardioversion atrial fibrillation . Conclusion Mortality slightly higher TEE , but more restored sinus rhythm TEE ; neither statistically significant . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . adjective Of abrupt onset , duration , usually hrs days duration , reference symptoms . Cf Chronic Subacute McGraw - Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine . © 2002 by The McGraw - Hill Companies , Inc . a · cute ă - kyūt ' sudden course , chronic , loosely mean treatment exposure : intense , short - term ; specifically referring intensity . [ L . sharp ] Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 Short , quickly over . conditions start abruptly , last few then either settle become persistent long - lasting CHRONIC ) . From Latin acutus sharp . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 ( of plant structures leaves ) sharply pointed . disease ) coming quickly crisis . radiation dose ) applied level space time . Compare CHRONIC Collins Dictionary of Biology , 3rd ed . © W . G . Hale , V . A . Saunders , J . P . Margham 2005 Of Illnesses appear can serious life - threatening . illness ends recovers fully . Mentioned in : Bartonellosis Bronchitis Pain Management Pancreatitis Reiter ' s Syndrome Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . acute , adj characterizing duration . Jonas : Mosby ' s Dictionary of Complementary and Alternative Medicine . ( c ) 2005 , Elsevier . a · cute effect , prolonged ; exposure , Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 acute , adj pertaining traumatic , pathologic , physiologic phenomenon process relatively Antonym : chronic . phase reactions n . pl abnormalities blood associated inflammatory necrotic processes detected variety tests , erythrocyte sedimentation rate , C - reactive protein , serum hexosamine , serum mucoprotein , nonglucosamine polysaccharides . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . brief . common usage ' having course 12 24 hours ' . See under organ ( e.g . pancreatitis ) , system ( e.g . respiratory ) , causative agent arsenic ) lesion myonecrosis ) . bovine emphysema - edema see atypical interstitial pneumonia see secondary care . death chickens sudden death , no apparent reason , 3 week old broiler chicks ; falling , wing flapping convulsions occur about minute before death . response change composition certain plasma proteins , largely due alteration hepatic synthesis , infection inflammation . Although purpose well understood , these changes believed assist immune response . Erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( ESR ) laboratory indicator response . c - reactive protein tumor necrosis factor physiology evaluation ( APACHE ) apache system ( ARDS ) syndrome . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Patient discussion about acute Q . What Appendictis ? My husband had go emergency room night because stomach aches . doctors said he had appendictis needed urgent operation . What appendicitis ? A . term ' Appendictis ' refers inflammed appendix , organ located right lower part abdomen , attached cecum , which part intestine . appendix infected intestinal bacteria , can cause symptoms , require receiving emergent medical indeed appendicitis diagnosed , involves immediate surgery , removal infected appendix . Q . I neck pain now hand pain . I neck pain gone some self medication i have my left hand muscles . Help A . caused number things . you specific , what kind pain ? when mornings ? evenings ? does transient ? maybe you play guitar too much your muscles ache ? : ) Causes Appendicitis ? I ' ve heard appendicitis very common situation . causes happen ? Is there way avoid it ? Appendicitis appendix , bacterias already located abdomen . situation avoided prevalence population . More discussions about acute This content is provided by iMedix and is subject to iMedix Terms . The Questions and Answers are not endorsed or recommended and are made available by patients , not doctors . Mentioned in acoustic maculae acute abdomen acute care acute granulocytic leukemia acute intermittent porphyria acute kidney failure acute leukemia acute lymphoblastic leukemia acute lymphocytic leukemia acute myelocytic leukemia acute myelogenous leukemia acute myeloid leukemia acute nonlymphocytic leukemia acute promyelocytic leukemia acute respiratory distress syndrome acute services aleukemic leukemia ALL AML Medical browser ▲ acumen acumentin acuminate acuminate wart acuminocyte acumoxa acuology Acupan acupoint acupoints acupression acupressure acupressure needle acupunctural treatment area acupuncture acupuncture anesthesia Acupuncture Association of Chartered Physiotherapists acupuncture point acupuncture points acupuncturist acus acusis - acusis acustimulation Acu - Stop 2000 acute abdomen series acute abscess acute acalculous cholecystitis Acute Adjustment Reaction & Psychosocial Dysfunction Acute Adrenal Crisis acute adrenocortical insufficiency acute AIDS syndrome acute air trapping Acute Alcohol Intoxication acute alcoholic hallucinosis acute alcoholism acute angle acute angle closure glaucoma acute anicteric hepatitis acute anterior poliomyelitis acute appendicitis acute arterial occlusion acute articular rheumatism acute ascending myelitis acute ascending paralysis acute ascending spinal paralysis acute aseptic meningitis acute ataxia acute atrophic paralysis ▼ Full browser ▲ Acura Loyalty Advantage ACURAD ACURH ACURI ACURIL ACURO ACURP acus acus - ACUSA ACUSD ACUSGUA acushla acusis ACUSMP ACUSP acust - Acustimulation Acustumaunce ACUT ACUTA Acutance Acutance Acutane Acutane Acutane embryopathy Acutane embryopathy Acutangular Acute ( medical ) Acute ( medical ) Acute abdomen etiology Acute abdomen etiology acute abdomen series Acute Abdominal Series acute abscess acute acalculous cholecystitis acute accent acute accent Acute accent ( ) Acute accent ( ) acute accents acute accents Acute Adhesional Small Intestinal Ileus Acute Adhesive Intestinal Obstruction Acute Adjustment Reaction & Psychosocial Dysfunction ▼
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/additive
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additive Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Encyclopedia Wikipedia Related to additive : additive identity food additive Additive manufacturing Additive synthesis Fuel additive additive effect additive ad ĭ - tiv 1 . characterized by addition . 2 . a substance added to another , such as to improve its appearance or increase its nutritive value . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . ad · di · tive ad ' i - tiv ) , 1 . A substance not naturally part of a material ( for example , food ) but deliberately added fulfill some specific purpose ( for example , preservation ) . 2 . Tending add or be added ; denoting addition . 3 . In metric studies genetics , epidemiology , physiology , statistics ) , having the property that the total combined effect of two more factors equals sum their individual effects in isolation . Compare : synergism Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012 [ ad ′ itiv ] any intentionally indirectly that becomes part food , pharmaceutical , other product . Additives may be introduced in growing , processing , packaging , storage , cooking other final preparation for consumption . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Additive adjective ( 1 ) See Additive effect ( 2 ) Characterised by addition noun A substance — e.g. , flavouring agent , preservative , vitamin substance — which is an active improve appearance , texture , increase shelf - life nutritional value . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . ad · di · tive ad ' i - tiv not naturally material ( e.g. , food ) but deliberately fulfill some specific purpose ( e.g. , preservation ) . Tending add added ; denoting 3 . In quantitative studies genetics , epidemiology , physiology , statistics ) , having property total combined two more factors equals sum their individual effects isolation . Compare : synergism Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012 Any something , especially food , order preserve it . Additives are economic and nutritional importance people may display allergic sensitivity them . Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 ad · di · tive Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012 additive , n an ingredient drug , preparation produce desired result , such as color consistency , unrelated primary preparation . Mosby ' s Dental Dictionary , 2nd edition . © 2008 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . characterized another appearance , nutritive value , etc . See feed additive . food food ; includes preservatives , emulsifiers , stabilizers , acids , nonstick agents , humectants , firming agents , antifoaming colorings and flavorings , solvents , even materials minerals vitamins . gene action contribution made all loci polygenic trait . when heterozygote is intermediate phenotype between homozygotes , i.e . lack dominance . genetic relationship degree relationship ( number genes held common ) between individuals neither which inbred ; minimum 0 maximum 1.0 . genetic variance variance attributed mean substituting one allele for another at any given loci . intramammary infusion e.g . anti - inflammatories , pharmacological efficacy . see ( above ) . Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in 3 - nitro - 4 - hydroxyphenylarsonic acid acceptable daily intake Additive Colour Mixing additive effect additive genes additive genetic effects Additive Genetic Variance additivity adjuvant analgesic adulterant all - heal antibiotic resistance antibiotic - induced diarrhea Antivert asthma triad avoparcin bactericidal antibiotic bacteriostatic antibiotic bambermycin References in periodicals archive Government regulators protect the public from harmful food additives much of the time , but there are obvious holes in the system , says Craig Minowa , an environmental scientist with the Minnesota - based Organic Consumers Association . Behind the label : processed foods serve up questionable additives Also masterbatches , flexible PVC compounds and rigid PVC powder blends . Colorants Food Standards Agency ( FSA ) question whether these results are relevant to the human consumption of these additives Adding up to no good ? These technologies generally increase efficiencies and lower chemical consumption . If it ' s " broke , " fix it with coagulants Zinc phosphates have long been the most common lubricant for protecting steel parts , such as pistons and cylinders in car engines , against wear when they contact each other . Slick surfaces : pressure builds to make better motor oils has pursued a similar strategy with its own $ 150 - million - per - year brand Nutrisoy , putting it in a distant second place . DuPont - Bunge venture sold on soy protein No doubt for many shoppers , have a negative spin . Food additives : the sweet ' n ' low down The Food Amendment exempted two groups of substances from the food regulation process . Food additives With this transition , the $ 39 million Pittsburgh technology center , opened in April 2016 to drive manufacturing within GE industrial operations , now joins a global network of CECs under the growing umbrella of GE United States : GE Additive Technology Lab in Pittsburgh to Become GE Customer Experience Center Cachalot plastic S - 53T3 higher - alcohol - based extrusion , casting , and calendering aid primarily for flexible PVC to prevent sticking . Lubricants and processing aids Wet - end program ( type , dose , sequence and expertise ) Managing retention , drainage and formation The was developed to be used at low addition rates ( 0 . Eliminate casting expansion defects with new anti - veining additive More results ► Medical browser ▲ Addison , Christopher Addison , Thomas Addison ’ s disease addisonian addisonian anemia addisonian crisis Addisonian pernicious anaemia addisonism Addison ' s anemia Addison ' s clinical plane Addison ' s crisis Addison ' s disease Addison ' s disease and cerebral sclerosis Addison ' s keloid Addison ' s syndrome addition addition compound addition polymer addition polymerization addition reaction addition silicone impression material Additional Drug Benefit List additional duty hours additional programmed activity additional services Additive Colour Mixing additive genes additive genetic effects Additive Genetic Variance additive model additive pathology additivity add - on posts add - on test add - on therapy address addressin addressin ligands addressins adducent adducin adduct adduction adduction fracture adductor adductor brevis adductor brevis ( muscle ) adductor brevis muscle adductor canal ▼ Full browser ▲ Additional Voluntary Contribution Additional Voluntary Contributions Additional War Risk Insurance Additional War Risk Premium Additional Work Authorization Form Additional Work Order Additional Work Request Additionales additionality additionally additionally Additionally Awarded Military Occupational Specialty Additionary additions additions Additions and Amendments Additions and Deletions List Additions and Maintenance Additions in Progress Additions to Esther Additions to Esther Addititious Additive Accumulative of Damages additive alternate Additive arithmetic function Additive Colored Gaussian Noise Additive Dual Quaternion Error Additive fabrication additive factor Additive Full - Time Manning Additive function Additive Gaussian white noise additive gene action additive gene action additive genetic relationship additive genetic relationship additive genetic variance additive genetic variance additive identity ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/adrenal+medulla
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adrenal medulla Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia Wikipedia medulla mĕ - dul ah ] ( L . 1 . the inmost part of a structure or organ . 2 . medulla oblongata 3 . marrow adj . , adj med ullary . adrenal medulla the inner portion of adrenal gland where epinephrine and norepinephrine are produced . bone bone marrow oblonga ta that part hindbrain continuous with pons above and spinal cord below ; it houses nerve centers for both motor sensory nerves , where such functions as breathing beating heart are controlled . See also brain os sium bone renal inner substance kidney , composed chiefly collecting tubules organized into a group structures called renal pyramids spina lis spina lis spinal cord thymus central portion each lobule thymus ; it contains many more reticular cells far fewer lymphocytes than does surrounding cortex . Miller - Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine , Nursing , and Allied Health , Seventh Edition . © 2003 by Saunders , an imprint of Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved . adrenal medulla n . The inner , reddish - brown adrenal glands that synthesizes , stores , releases epinephrine norepinephrine . The American Heritage ® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 , 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company . Published by Houghton Mifflin Company . All rights reserved . gland . Its cells secrete catecholamines norepinephrine when stimulated by sympathetic division autonomic nervous system . Compare adrenal cortex Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Adrenal Medulla The centre gland , which is neuroendocrine “ organ ” which produces catecholamines ( epinephrine / adrenaline norepinephrine / noradrenaline ) in response to stress signals from peripheral nervous system . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . ADRENAL MEDULLA central tissue gland . It is filled with pheochromocytes , derived from neural crest resemble postsynaptic sympathetic ganglion cells . In response to stimulation by presynaptic axons , pheochromocytes secrete into bloodstream . See : illustration See : adrenal gland See also : Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners ADRENAL GLAND secretes hormones ADRENALINE noradrenaline . secreting called chromaffin cells . also ADRENAL CORTEX Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M . Youngson 2004 , 2005 Adrenal medulla produces hormones ( adrenaline ) , stimulates heart , tightens blood vessels , relaxes some smooth muscles ; norepinephrine , has similar effects . Mentioned in : Adrenal Gland Scan Pheochromocytoma Vasodilators Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Copyright 2008 The Gale Group , Inc . All rights reserved . 1 . near kidney . 2 . or produced glands . 3 . an cortex outer gland made up an external zona glomerulosa , deeper zona fasciculata reticularis . It three main groups hormones , glucocorticoids concerned increasing blood glucose levels , mineralocorticoids concerned maintenance electrolyte levels in extracellular fluid , androgens have same masculinizing effect as hormone testosterone produced testis . Called gland cortex . glucocorticoid mineralocorticoid androgen cortex inhibitors see adrenolytic adrenal - cortical see adrenocortical cortical dysfunction hyperadrenocorticism hypoadrenocorticism corticoids mineralocorticoid glucocorticoid corticosteroid function tests acth test , dexamethasone suppression test , v - test hyperplasia - like syndrome congenital abnormality steroidogenesis reported dogs results hyperprogestinism hyperandrogenism . Clinical signs include bilaterally symmetrical alopecia resembling seen other endocrinopathies . insufficiency hypofunction gland , particularly cortex , leading signs weakness loss sodium , chloride water . primary hypoadrenocorticism glandular extension effector fibers system releases bloodstream ( adrenaline ) ( noradrenaline ) . When system stimulated responds its carried via bloodstream cause increases cardiac output metabolic rate , vasoconstriction reduction gastrointestinal peristalsis . have similar functions but removed more slowly has prolonged effect . Called medulla . Adrenal medullary not essential life . Hypersecretion , such occurs some functional pheochromocytomas , causes tachycardia , edema cardiac hypertrophy . steroids cortisol , corticosterone , cortisone , 11 - dehydroxycortisone , desoxycorticosterone , 17 - hydroxy - 11 - desoxycorticosterone , aldosterone , corticoids corticosteroids . pl . medullae [ L . ] organ . produced . bone bone marrow contained medullary canal bone . oblongata hindbrain continuous pons anteriorly spinal cord posteriorly ; houses nerve centers for both motor sensory nerves , breathing beating heart controlled . myelencephalon . In animals principal clinical manifestations local lesions those head rotation circling , facial tongue paralysis resulting difficulty prehension swallowing . With diffuse lesions spastic paralysis stiff - legged incoordination occurs . ossium marrow . renal substance kidney , composed chiefly collecting tubules , species organized group structures pyramids . medulla , spinalis cord . thymus each lobule thymus ; contains many reticular far fewer lymphocytes than does surrounding Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary , 3 ed . © 2007 Elsevier , Inc . All rights reserved Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : < a href = " https : / / medical - dictionary . thefreedictionary . com / adrenal + medulla " > adrenal medulla < / a > Feedback TheFreeDictionary presents : Write what you mean clearly and correctly . Mentioned in A cells acinous gland adrenal cortex Adrenal Gland Cancer Adrenal Gland Scan adrenal steroids adrenaline adrenochromes adrenocortical hormone adrenomedullary adrenomedullary hormone adrenomedullary hormones adrenomedullin adrenomimetic Am androgenic hormone anterior pituitary hormone References in periodicals archive This input to the may explain why core body exercises are so helpful in modulating responses to stress . New Insights into How Mind Influences Body Hypertrophied and higher capacity to secrete catecholamine in the endurance trained subject ( 22 ) , can meet the need for higher A concentration at the same relative work load . Influence of endurance exercise overloading patterns on the levels of left ventricular catechoamines after a bout of lactate threshold test in male Wistar rat The and extra - adrenal paraganglia : then and now . Thyroid Paraganglioma One can hypothesize that is so complex only in mammals , and may raise questions regarding its role in adaptation and survival . Adrenal chromaffine - cell behaviour in stress Examples of these hormones , which are made in the and the thyroid gland , are epinephrine , norepinephrine , and the thyroid hormones [ T . Introduction to the endocrine system Part 1 : basic concepts and anatomy PCCs are rare catecholamine - producing tumours thought to arise from chromaffin cells in the Unexpected intra - operative diagnosis of a large cystic phaeochromocytoma and secondary nifedipine pharmacobezoar Intraabdominal paragangliomas are most commonly phaeochromocytomas of the , while extraadrenal paragangliomas can arise in diverse locations . Mesenteric paraganglioma with gallbladder paraganglion nest Most sympathetic paraganglioma form within , the main sympathetic paraganglia - - these are commonly known as pheochromocytoma ( PHEO ) . Paraganglioma of the organ of Zuckerkandl The secretes the " fight or flight " hormones : adrenaline ( also called epinephrine ) and noradrenaline ( also called norepinephrine ) . The great pretender : Addison ' s disease can mimic many other conditions ; here ' s how to positively identify it Microscopic evaluation revealed a benign tumor , composed of spindle cells with Schwann differentiation and ganglion cells with diffuse distribution , arising from the and separated from the cortex with smooth margins without any capsule . Adrenal ganglioneuroma : case report : Adrenal Ganglionoroma : Olgu Sunumu Approximately 85 % arise from chromaffin cells in the , and 15 % arise from chromaffin tissue in extra - adrenal sites extending from the neck to the pelvis , although most are found intra - abdominally . Phaeochromocytoma in black South Africans - - a 30 - year audit The decline of this ratio ' s normal value parallels de cline of the health and efficiency of the , and becomes a significant threat to the health and well - being of the patient . Mineral ratios in assays of human hair . . . an invaluable concept in clinical practice More results ► Medical browser ▲ adrenal capsule adrenal cortex Adrenal Cortex Extract adrenal cortex injection adrenal cortical carcinoma adrenal cortical hormones adrenal cortical insufficiency adrenal cortical syndrome adrenal corticoid adrenal crisis Adrenal Fatigue Adrenal Gland Cancer adrenal gland insufficiency Adrenal Gland Tumour Adrenal glands adrenal hermaphroditism adrenal hyperandrogenism adrenal hypernephroma malignum adrenal hyperplasia adrenal hypertension adrenal inhibitors adrenal insufficiency adrenal leukodystrophy adrenal medullary scan adrenal medullary transplantation adrenal scan adrenal steroids adrenal stimulating hormones adrenal suppression adrenal tuberculosis adrenal tumor adrenal tumour adrenal type adrenal vein adrenal virilism adrenal weight factor adrenalectomy Adrenalin adrenaline adrenaline junkie adrenaline receptors adrenaline television adrenalinemia adrenalinuria adrenalism adrenalitis adrenalize adrenalo - ▼ Full browser ▲ Adrenal hyperplasia Adrenal hyperplasia adrenal hyperplasia type 1 adrenal hyperplasia type IV Adrenal hyperplasia , congenital Adrenal hyperplasia , congenital Adrenal hyperplasia , congenital virilizing Adrenal hyperplasia , congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia - like syndrome adrenal hyperplasia - like syndrome adrenal hypertension Adrenal Hypoplasia , Congenital Adrenal incidentaloma Adrenal incidentaloma adrenal inhibitors Adrenal insufficiency Adrenal insufficiency adrenal insufficiency - alacrima - achalasia Adrenal insufficiency - exclusion of Adrenal insufficiency - exclusion of adrenal leukodystrophy Adrenal Medullary Autograft adrenal medullary hormones adrenal medullary hormones adrenal medullary neuroblastoma adrenal medullary scan adrenal medullary transplantation adrenal pericapsular sheath adrenal pericapsular sheath adrenal rest adrenal rests adrenal rests adrenal scan Adrenal scintiscan adrenal stimulating hormones adrenal suppression adrenal tuberculosis Adrenal tumor adrenal tumour adrenal type Adrenal Tyrosine Hydroxylase Activity adrenal unresponsiveness to ACTH Adrenal Vascular Endothelial Cells ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
"adrenal medulla"
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/advocacy
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advocacy Also found in : Dictionary Thesaurus Legal Financial Wikipedia advocacy [ ad ′ vəkas ′ ē ] 1 a process whereby a nurse or other health care professional provides patient with the information to make certain decisions , usually related to some aspect of the patient ' s health care . 2 method by which patients , their families , attorneys , professionals , and citizen groups can work together develop programs that ensure availability of high - quality care for community . 3 pleading cause on behalf another , such as nurse pleading for better patient or patient ' s desires be honored . Mosby ' s Medical Dictionary , 9th edition . © 2009 , Elsevier . Advocacy ( 1 ) The process actively supporting cause of , speaking writing in favour of , defending interceding on behalf person ( case advocacy ) group ( class advocacy ) . Advocacy may include providing information and tools self - empowerment in patients ’ social care , helping them obtain needed services . ( 2 ) Action assure best possible services intervention service system an individual group . Segen ' s Medical Dictionary . © 2012 Farlex , Inc . All rights reserved . ( ad ′ vŏ - kă - sē ) [ Fr . fr . L . advocare call aid ] In care , representation desired goal interest group ( e.g. , patients , staff , providers , biomedical researchers ) . Medical Dictionary , © 2009 Farlex and Partners Want to thank TFD for its existence ? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page , or visit the webmaster ' s page for free fun content Link to this page : Medical browser ▲ adverse experience Adverse Incident adverse reaction adverse reactions adverse selection adversive adversive movement adversum Advertisement advertising Advice Advicor Advil adviser advisory Advisory Appointments Committee Advisory Board Advisory Committee on Clinical Excellence Awards Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens Advisory Committee on Medical Training Advisory Council Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drug advisory panel advisory services Advisory , Conciliation and Arbitration Service advocate adynamia adynamia episodica hereditaria adynamic adynamic fever adynamic ileus adysplasia AE A - E ae - AE amputation A - E amputation AE1 AE1 / AE3 AE2 AE3 Aeby Aeby plane Aeby , Christopher Theodore Aeby ' s muscle AEC aec - AEC syndrome AECB AECD ▼ Full browser ▲ Advisory , Conciliation , and Arbitration Service ADVISR Advitech Inc . Advitorial Advitorial advize ADVL ADVLAM ADVM ADVMATH ADVMOS ADVMoto ADVMT ADVN ADVNA ADVO ADVO [ not an acronym ] National Network Extension Advo Targeting Zone Advo , Inc Advocaat Advocaat advocaats advocaats Advocacia Geral da União advocacies advocacies Advocacy & Intelligence Index for Prisoners of War / Missing in Action Advocacy Advertisement Advocacy Advertisements Advocacy Advertising Advocacy After Fatal Domestic Abuse Advocacy and External Relations Unit Advocacy and Information Management Branch Advocacy and Legal Advice Centre Advocacy Center Advocacy Center Advocacy Center for Children ' s Educational Success with Standards Advocacy Center for Persons with Disabilities Advocacy Center for the Elderly Advocacy Centre for Tenants Ontario Advocacy Committee for Human Experimentation Survivors Advocacy Committee for Racial Ethnic Concerns Advocacy Council for People with Mental Retardation Advocacy Disability Ethnicity Community Advocacy for Gifted and Talented Education Advocacy For Older People Advocacy for Patients with Chronic Illness Advocacy for Respect for Cyclists Advocacy for the Development of Central Luzon Advocacy for Women and Kids In Emergencies Advocacy for Women in Africa Advocacy for Women with Disabilities Initiative Advocacy group Advocacy group Advocacy groups Advocacy groups ▼ Site : Follow : Facebook Twitter Rss Mail Share : Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Open / Close
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[
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