princeton-nlp/QuRatedPajama-260B · Datasets at Hugging Face

text stringlengths 310 8.3k	input_ids listlengths 1.02k 1.02k	length int64 1.02k 1.02k	source_domain stringclasses 7 values	writing_style_average float64 -3.46 3.36	required_expertise_average float64 -3.74 4.36	facts_and_trivia_average float64 -3.78 3.96	educational_value_average float64 -3.85 3.97
LAWSON v. FMR LLC LAWSON v. FMR LLC ( ) 670 F. 3d 61, reversed and remanded. Syllabus [HTML] [PDF] Opinion, Ginsburg [HTML] [PDF] Concurrence, Scalia [HTML] [PDF] Dissent, Sotomayor [HTML] [PDF] NOTE: Where it is feasible, a syllabus (headnote) will be released, as is being done in connection with this case, at the time the opinion is issued.The syllabus constitutes no part of the opinion of the Court but has been prepared by the Reporter of Decisions for the convenience of the reader.See United States v. Detroit Timber & Lumber Co., 200 U. S. 321. LAWSON et al. v. FMR LLC et al. certiorari to the united states court of appeals for the first circuit No. 12–3. Argued November 12, 2013—Decided March 4, 2014 To safeguard investors in public companies and restore trust in the financial markets following the collapse of Enron Corporation, Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. One of the Act's provisions protects whistleblowers; at the time relevant here, that provision instructed: "No [public] company . . ., or any . . . contractor [or] subcontractor . . . of such company, may discharge, demote, suspend, threaten, harass, or . . . discriminate against an employee in the terms and conditions of employment because of [whistleblowing activity]." 18 U. S. C. §1514A(a). Plaintiffs below, petitioners here, are former employees of respondents (collectively FMR), private companies that contract to advise or manage mutual funds. As is common in the industry, the mutual funds served by FMR are public companies with no employees. Both plaintiffs allege that they blew the whistle on putative fraud relating to the mutual funds and, as a consequence, suffered retaliation by FMR. Each commenced suit in federal court. Moving to dismiss the suits, FMR argued that the plaintiffs could state no claim under §1514A, for that provision protects only employees of public companies, and not employees of private companies that contract with public companies. On interlocutory appeal from the District Court's denial of FMR's motion to dismiss, the First Circuit reversed, concluding that the term "an employee" in §1514A(a) refers only to employees of public companies. Held: The judgment is reversed and the case is remanded. Justice Ginsburg delivered the opinion of the Court, concluding that §1514A's whistleblower protection includes employees of a public company's private contractors and subcontractors. Pp. 9–29. (a) This reading of §1514A is supported by the provision's text. Pp. 9–16. (1) The Court looks first to the ordinary meaning of the provision's language. See Moskal v. United States, 498 U. S. 103. As relevant here, §1514A(a) provides that "no . . . contractor . . . may discharge . . . an employee." The ordinary meaning of "an employee" in this proscription is the contractor's own employee. FMR's "narrower construction" requires inserting "of a public company" after "an employee," but where Congress meant "an employee of a public company," it said so. The provision as a whole supports this reading. The prohibited retaliatory measures enumerated in §1514A(a)—discharge, demotion, suspension, threats, harassment, or discrimination in employment terms and conditions—are actions an employer takes against its own employees. Contractors are not ordinarily positioned to take adverse actions against employees of the public company with whom they contract. FMR's interpretation of §1514A, therefore, would shrink to insignificance the provision's ban on retaliation by contractors. The protected activity covered by §1514A, and the provision	[ 17900, 29956, 3094, 325, 29889, 20499, 29934, 365, 12182, 13, 4375, 29956, 3094, 325, 29889, 20499, 29934, 365, 12182, 313, 1723, 13, 29953, 29955, 29900, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29871, 29953, 29896, 29892, 18764, 287, 322, 1083, 392, 287, 29889, 13, 29903, 15114, 370, 375, 518, 7020, 29962, 518, 8493, 29962, 13, 11746, 262, 291, 29892, 402, 1144, 3074, 518, 7020, 29962, 518, 8493, 29962, 13, 1168, 21962, 663, 29892, 317, 1052, 423, 518, 7020, 29962, 518, 8493, 29962, 13, 29928, 19047, 29892, 317, 327, 290, 388, 272, 518, 7020, 29962, 518, 8493, 29962, 13, 12256, 29923, 29901, 30244, 11921, 372, 338, 28326, 1821, 29892, 263, 9878, 645, 370, 375, 313, 2813, 6812, 29897, 674, 367, 5492, 29892, 408, 338, 1641, 2309, 297, 3957, 411, 445, 1206, 29892, 472, 278, 931, 278, 9426, 338, 16610, 29889, 1576, 9878, 645, 370, 375, 20016, 2667, 694, 760, 310, 278, 9426, 310, 278, 9245, 541, 756, 1063, 13240, 491, 278, 830, 18505, 310, 3826, 12112, 363, 278, 29703, 310, 278, 9591, 29889, 13393, 3303, 3900, 325, 29889, 25749, 7870, 495, 669, 365, 2807, 3189, 1696, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29906, 29896, 29889, 13, 4375, 29956, 3094, 634, 394, 29889, 325, 29889, 20499, 29934, 365, 12182, 634, 394, 29889, 13, 6327, 1611, 1306, 304, 278, 443, 1573, 5922, 8973, 310, 5929, 1338, 363, 278, 937, 11369, 13, 3782, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29994, 29941, 29889, 30363, 1433, 2543, 287, 3979, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 30003, 6185, 2618, 4779, 29871, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 13, 1762, 9437, 24024, 538, 13258, 943, 297, 970, 14582, 322, 17749, 9311, 297, 278, 18161, 2791, 1691, 1494, 278, 24382, 310, 1174, 1617, 15025, 29892, 11559, 4502, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 310, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29889, 3118, 310, 278, 3185, 29915, 29879, 1326, 12112, 12566, 29879, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 414, 29936, 472, 278, 931, 8018, 1244, 29892, 393, 25161, 18690, 287, 29901, 376, 3782, 518, 3597, 29962, 5001, 869, 869, 869, 29892, 470, 738, 869, 869, 869, 8078, 272, 518, 272, 29962, 1014, 1285, 28891, 869, 869, 869, 310, 1316, 5001, 29892, 1122, 766, 23367, 29892, 1261, 866, 29892, 8872, 355, 29892, 20616, 29892, 4023, 465, 29892, 470, 869, 869, 869, 2313, 5632, 16976, 2750, 385, 19001, 297, 278, 4958, 322, 5855, 310, 5703, 358, 1363, 310, 518, 1332, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 6354, 29962, 1213, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 467, 13, 29925, 433, 524, 28324, 2400, 29892, 5697, 654, 414, 1244, 29892, 526, 4642, 22873, 310, 10049, 1237, 313, 15914, 3598, 20499, 29934, 511, 2024, 14582, 393, 8078, 304, 22939, 470, 10933, 5478, 950, 29199, 29889, 1094, 338, 3619, 297, 278, 13661, 29892, 278, 5478, 950, 29199, 6766, 491, 20499, 29934, 526, 970, 14582, 411, 694, 22873, 29889, 9134, 2174, 524, 28324, 394, 4424, 393, 896, 10767, 29893, 278, 377, 391, 280, 373, 1925, 1230, 5227, 566, 1104, 1218, 304, 278, 5478, 950, 29199, 322, 29892, 408, 263, 17004, 29892, 17654, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 20499, 29934, 29889, 7806, 844, 9223, 14726, 297, 17097, 8973, 29889, 14104, 292, 304, 18918, 278, 480, 1169, 29892, 20499, 29934, 28705, 393, 278, 2174, 524, 28324, 1033, 2106, 694, 5995, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 363, 393, 25161, 12566, 29879, 871, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 29892, 322, 451, 22873, 310, 2024, 14582, 393, 8078, 411, 970, 14582, 29889, 1551, 1006, 2029, 329, 706, 25530, 515, 278, 7457, 9245, 29915, 29879, 972, 616, 310, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 10884, 304, 18918, 29892, 278, 3824, 12594, 3121, 18764, 287, 29892, 378, 22368, 393, 278, 1840, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 14637, 871, 304, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 29889, 13, 29950, 2495, 29901, 450, 24284, 338, 18764, 287, 322, 278, 1206, 338, 1083, 392, 287, 29889, 13, 14084, 625, 402, 1144, 3074, 20115, 278, 9426, 310, 278, 9245, 29892, 378, 22368, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 7805, 22873, 310, 263, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 2024, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29929, 29994, 29906, 29929, 29889, 13, 29898, 29874, 29897, 910, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 6969, 491, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 1426, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29929, 29994, 29896, 29953, 29889, 13, 29898, 29896, 29897, 450, 9245, 3430, 937, 304, 278, 15311, 6593, 310, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 4086, 29889, 2823, 6630, 11311, 325, 29889, 3303, 3900, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29929, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29941, 29889, 1094, 8018, 1244, 29892, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 8128, 393, 376, 1217, 869, 869, 869, 8078, 272, 869, 869, 869, 1122, 766, 23367, 869, 869, 869, 385, 19001, 1213, 450, 15311, 6593, 310, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 297, 445, 10791, 3395, 338, 278, 8078, 272, 29915, 29879, 1914, 19001, 29889, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 376, 24156, 307, 556, 7632, 29908, 6858, 23800, 376, 974, 263, 970, 5001, 29908, 1156, 376, 273, 19001, 1699, 541, 988, 11559, 6839, 376, 273, 19001, 310, 263, 970, 5001, 1699, 372, 1497, 577, 29889, 13, 1576, 25161, 408, 263, 3353, 11286, 445, 5183, 29889, 450, 21460, 1573, 3240, 2606, 7606, 15366, 22447, 630, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 30003, 29881, 783, 279, 479, 29892, 1261, 8194, 29892, 8872, 2673, 29892, 12455, 1446, 29892, 4023, 465, 358, 29892, 470, 2313, 5632, 3381, 297, 5703, 358, 4958, 322, 5855, 30003, 598, 8820, 385, 5703, 261, 4893, 2750, 967, 1914, 22873, 29889, 2866, 1461, 943, 526, 451, 22420, 6275, 2602, 287, 304, 2125, 594, 3901, 8820, 2750, 22873, 310, 278, 970, 5001, 411, 6029, 896, 8078, 29889, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 19854, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 5480, 29892, 723, 14653, 682, 304, 1663, 647, 928, 749, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 9892, 373, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 8078, 943, 29889, 450, 6364, 6354, 10664, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 322, 278, 25161 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.281821	0.992151	-0.354044	0.303318
's enforcement procedures and remedies, also indicate that Congress presumed an employer-employee relationship between the retaliator and the whistleblowing employee. Pp. 9–14. (2) FMR's textual arguments are unpersuasive. It urges that "an employee" must be read to refer exclusively to public company employees to avoid the absurd result of extending protection to the personal employees of company officers and employees, e.g., their housekeepers or gardeners. This concern appears more theoretical than real and, in any event, is outweighed by the compelling arguments opposing FMR's reading of §1514A. FMR also urges that its reading is supported by the provision's statutory headings, but those headings are "not meant to take the place of the detailed provisions of the text." Trainmen v. Baltimore & Ohio R. Co., 331 U. S. 519. Pp. 14–16. (b) Other considerations support the Court's textual analysis. Pp. 16–27. (1) The Court's reading fits §1514A's aim to ward off another Enron debacle. The legislative record shows Congress' understanding that outside professionals bear significant responsibility for reporting fraud by the public companies with whom they contract, and that fear of retaliation was the primary deterrent to such reporting by the employees of Enron's contractors. Sarbanes-Oxley contains numerous provisions designed to control the conduct of accountants, auditors, and lawyers who work with public companies, but only §1514A affords such employees protection from retaliation by their employers for complying with the Act's reporting requirements. Pp. 16–20. (2) This Court's reading of §1514A avoids insulating the entire mutual fund industry from §1514A. Virtually all mutual funds are structured so that they have no employees of their own; they are managed, instead, by independent investment advisors. Accordingly, the "narrower construction" endorsed by FMR would leave §1514A with no application to mutual funds. The Court's reading of §1514A, in contrast, protects the employees of investment advisors, who are often the only firsthand witnesses to shareholder fraud involving mutual funds. Pp. 20–22. (3) There is scant evidence that today's decision will open any floodgates for whistleblowing suits outside §1514A's purposes. The Department of Labor's regulations have interpreted §1514A as protecting contractor employees for almost a decade, yet FMR is unable to identify a single case in which the employee of a private contractor has asserted a §1514A claim based on allegations unrelated to shareholder fraud. Plaintiffs and the Solicitor General suggest various limiting principles to dispel any overbreadth problems. This Court need not determine §1514A's bounds here, however, because, if plaintiffs' allegations prove true, plaintiffs are precisely the "firsthand witnesses to [the shareholder] fraud" Congress anticipated §1514A would protect. S. Rep. No. 107–146, p. 10. Pp. 22–24. (4) The 2010 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act does not affect this Court's task of determining whether Congress in 2002 afforded protection to whistleblowing contractor employees. Pp. 24–27. (c) AIR 21's whistleblower protection provision has been read to cover, in addition to employees of air carriers, employees of contractors and subcontractors of the carriers. Given the parallel statutory texts and whistleblower protective aims, the Court reads the words "an employee" in AIR 21 and in §1514A to have similar import. Pp. 27–29. Justice Scalia, joined by Justice Thomas, relying only on 18 U. S. C. §1514A's text and broader context, agreed that §1514A protects employees of private contractors from retaliation when they report covered forms of fra	[ 29915, 29879, 24555, 13561, 28648, 322, 1083, 287, 583, 29892, 884, 12266, 393, 11559, 2225, 21571, 385, 5703, 261, 29899, 26143, 9443, 1546, 278, 3240, 2606, 1061, 322, 278, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 19001, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29929, 29994, 29896, 29946, 29889, 13, 29898, 29906, 29897, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 1426, 950, 6273, 526, 443, 6774, 29884, 294, 573, 29889, 739, 5065, 2710, 393, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 1818, 367, 1303, 304, 2737, 13489, 3598, 304, 970, 5001, 22873, 304, 4772, 278, 6425, 18245, 1121, 310, 23771, 13047, 304, 278, 7333, 22873, 310, 5001, 13049, 322, 22873, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 1009, 3699, 17462, 414, 470, 16423, 414, 29889, 910, 5932, 5692, 901, 23399, 1135, 1855, 322, 29892, 297, 738, 1741, 29892, 338, 714, 705, 25398, 491, 278, 752, 7807, 6273, 9209, 292, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 20499, 29934, 884, 5065, 2710, 393, 967, 5183, 338, 6969, 491, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 1002, 329, 706, 2343, 886, 29892, 541, 1906, 2343, 886, 526, 376, 1333, 6839, 304, 2125, 278, 2058, 310, 278, 13173, 1326, 12112, 310, 278, 1426, 1213, 28186, 1527, 325, 29889, 26767, 669, 15821, 390, 29889, 3189, 1696, 29871, 29941, 29941, 29896, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29945, 29896, 29929, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29994, 29896, 29953, 29889, 13, 29898, 29890, 29897, 5901, 2050, 800, 2304, 278, 9245, 29915, 29879, 1426, 950, 7418, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29994, 29906, 29955, 29889, 13, 29898, 29896, 29897, 450, 9245, 29915, 29879, 5183, 23994, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 12242, 304, 281, 538, 1283, 1790, 1174, 1617, 2553, 6436, 29889, 450, 13332, 1230, 2407, 3697, 11559, 29915, 8004, 393, 5377, 6351, 1338, 11460, 7282, 23134, 363, 23415, 5227, 566, 491, 278, 970, 14582, 411, 6029, 896, 8078, 29892, 322, 393, 8866, 310, 3240, 2606, 362, 471, 278, 7601, 270, 1308, 7771, 304, 1316, 23415, 491, 278, 22873, 310, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 8078, 943, 29889, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3743, 12727, 1326, 12112, 8688, 304, 2761, 278, 7512, 310, 3633, 1934, 29892, 12990, 17259, 29892, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 1058, 664, 411, 970, 14582, 29892, 541, 871, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 2756, 4339, 1316, 22873, 13047, 515, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 1009, 5703, 414, 363, 752, 5890, 411, 278, 3185, 29915, 29879, 23415, 11780, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29994, 29906, 29900, 29889, 13, 29898, 29906, 29897, 910, 9245, 29915, 29879, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 4772, 29879, 1663, 18099, 278, 4152, 5478, 950, 5220, 13661, 515, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 478, 2728, 1474, 599, 5478, 950, 29199, 526, 2281, 2955, 577, 393, 896, 505, 694, 22873, 310, 1009, 1914, 29936, 896, 526, 8745, 29892, 2012, 29892, 491, 7417, 13258, 358, 25228, 943, 29889, 7579, 368, 29892, 278, 376, 24156, 307, 556, 7632, 29908, 1095, 943, 287, 491, 20499, 29934, 723, 5967, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 411, 694, 2280, 304, 5478, 950, 29199, 29889, 450, 9245, 29915, 29879, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 297, 12814, 29892, 12566, 29879, 278, 22873, 310, 13258, 358, 25228, 943, 29892, 1058, 526, 4049, 278, 871, 937, 3179, 16277, 267, 304, 6232, 7694, 5227, 566, 21677, 5478, 950, 29199, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29994, 29906, 29906, 29889, 13, 29898, 29941, 29897, 1670, 338, 885, 424, 10757, 393, 9826, 29915, 29879, 10608, 674, 1722, 738, 5685, 397, 29887, 1078, 363, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 480, 1169, 5377, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 11976, 29889, 450, 10317, 310, 16715, 29915, 29879, 1072, 8250, 505, 21551, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 408, 12566, 292, 8078, 272, 22873, 363, 4359, 263, 316, 6332, 29892, 3447, 20499, 29934, 338, 9368, 304, 12439, 263, 2323, 1206, 297, 607, 278, 19001, 310, 263, 2024, 8078, 272, 756, 4974, 287, 263, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 5995, 2729, 373, 16831, 800, 443, 12817, 304, 6232, 7694, 5227, 566, 29889, 13494, 524, 28324, 322, 278, 4956, 293, 2105, 4593, 4368, 5164, 4046, 292, 18671, 304, 12272, 295, 738, 975, 29890, 949, 386, 4828, 29889, 910, 9245, 817, 451, 8161, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 13451, 1244, 29892, 3138, 29892, 1363, 29892, 565, 2174, 524, 28324, 29915, 16831, 800, 6356, 1565, 29892, 2174, 524, 28324, 526, 17503, 278, 376, 4102, 3179, 16277, 267, 304, 518, 1552, 6232, 7694, 29962, 5227, 566, 29908, 11559, 23483, 630, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 723, 12566, 29889, 317, 29889, 10088, 29889, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29994, 29896, 29946, 29953, 29892, 282, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29994, 29906, 29946, 29889, 13, 29898, 29946, 29897, 450, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 14406, 7103, 23933, 322, 2138, 4680, 14409, 428, 3185, 947, 451, 6602, 445, 9245, 29915, 29879, 3414, 310, 3683, 2827, 3692, 11559, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 21750, 287, 13047, 304, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 8078, 272, 22873, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29946, 29994, 29906, 29955, 29889, 13, 29898, 29883, 29897, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 25161, 756, 1063, 1303, 304, 4612, 29892, 297, 6124, 304, 22873, 310, 4799, 19638, 414, 29892, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 310, 278, 19638, 414, 29889, 11221, 278, 8943, 1002, 329, 706, 26442, 322, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 12566, 573, 263, 9893, 29892, 278, 9245, 13623, 278, 3838, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 297, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 322, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 505, 2788, 1053, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29994, 29906, 29929, 29889, 13, 14084, 625, 317, 1052, 423, 29892, 8772, 491, 17181, 5569, 29892, 337, 5890, 871, 373, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 1426, 322, 2545, 1664, 3030, 29892, 15502, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 12566, 29879, 22873, 310, 2024, 8078, 943, 515, 3240, 2606, 362, 746, 896, 3461, 10664, 7190, 310, 5227 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.183476	1.583941	0.236823	0.754879
ud. Pp. 1–3. Ginsburg, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which Roberts, C. J., and Breyer and Kagan, JJ., joined, and in which Scalia and Thomas, JJ., joined in principal part. Scalia, J., filed an opinion concurring in principal part and concurring in the judgment, in which Thomas, J., joined. Sotomayor, J., filed a dissenting opinion, in which Kennedy and Alito, JJ., joined. NOTICE: This opinion is subject to formal revision before publication in the preliminary print of the United States Reports. Readers are requested to notify the Reporter of Decisions, Supreme Court of the United States, Washington, D. C. 20543, of any typographical or other formal errors, in order that corrections may be made before the preliminary print goes to press. JACKIE HOSANG LAWSON and JONATHAN M. ZANG, PETITIONERS v. FMR LLC et al. on writ of certiorari to the united states court of appeals for the first circuit [March 4, 2014] Justice Ginsburg delivered the opinion of the Court. To safeguard investors in public companies and restore trust in the financial markets following the collapse of Enron Corporation, Congress enacted the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 116Stat. 745. See S. Rep. No. 107–146, pp. 2–11 (2002). A provision of the Act, 18 U. S. C. §1514A, protects whistleblowers. Section 1514A, at the time here relevant, instructed: "No [public] company . . . , or any officer, employee, contractor, subcontractor, or agent of such company, may discharge, demote, suspend, threaten, harass,or in any other manner discriminate against an employee in the terms and conditions of employment because of [whistleblowing or other protected activity]." §1514A(a) (2006 ed.). This case concerns the definition of the protected class: Does §1514A shield only those employed by the public company itself, or does it shield as well employees of privately held contractors and subcontractors—for example, investment advisers, law firms, accounting enterprises—who perform work for the public company? We hold, based on the text of §1514A, the mischief to which Congress was responding, and earlier legislation Congress drew upon, that the provision shelters employees of private contractors and subcontractors, just as it shelters employees of the public company served by the contractors and subcontractors. We first summarize our principal reasons, then describe this controversy and explain our decision more comprehensively. Plaintiffs below, petitioners here, are former employees of private companies that contract to advise or manage mutual funds. The mutual funds themselves are public companies that have no employees. Hence, if the whistle is to be blown on fraud detrimental to mutual fund investors, the whistleblowing employee must be on another company's payroll, most likely, the payroll of the mutual fund's investment adviser or manager. Taking the allegations of the complaint as true, both plaintiffs blew the whistle on putative fraud relating to the mutual funds and, as a consequence, suffered adverse action by their employers. Plaintiffs read §1514A to convey that "[n]o . . . contractor . . . may . . . discriminate against [its own] employee [for whistleblowing]." We find that reading consistent with the text of the statute and with common sense. Contractors are in control of their own employees, but are not ordinarily positioned to control someone else's workers. Moreover, we resist attributing to Congress a purpose to stop a contractor from retaliating against whistleblowers employed by the public company the contractor serves, while leaving the contractor free to retaliate against its own employees when they reveal corporate fraud. In the Enron scandal that prompted the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, contractors and subcontractors, including the accounting firm Arthur Andersen,	[ 566, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29994, 29941, 29889, 13, 29954, 1144, 3074, 29892, 435, 1696, 20115, 278, 9426, 310, 278, 9245, 29892, 297, 607, 27253, 29892, 315, 29889, 435, 1696, 322, 5826, 7598, 322, 476, 18939, 29892, 435, 29967, 1696, 8772, 29892, 322, 297, 607, 317, 1052, 423, 322, 5569, 29892, 435, 29967, 1696, 8772, 297, 5882, 760, 29889, 317, 1052, 423, 29892, 435, 1696, 934, 29881, 385, 9426, 3022, 1038, 292, 297, 5882, 760, 322, 3022, 1038, 292, 297, 278, 24284, 29892, 297, 607, 5569, 29892, 435, 1696, 8772, 29889, 317, 327, 290, 388, 272, 29892, 435, 1696, 934, 29881, 263, 16317, 296, 292, 9426, 29892, 297, 607, 23166, 322, 838, 2049, 29892, 435, 29967, 1696, 8772, 29889, 13, 12256, 12107, 29901, 30244, 4013, 9426, 338, 4967, 304, 11595, 26554, 1434, 17745, 297, 278, 758, 2576, 3821, 1596, 310, 278, 3303, 3900, 830, 4011, 29889, 30363, 6359, 414, 526, 13877, 304, 26051, 278, 830, 18505, 310, 3826, 12112, 29892, 22569, 9245, 310, 278, 3303, 3900, 29892, 7660, 29892, 360, 29889, 315, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29945, 29946, 29941, 29892, 310, 738, 2393, 19711, 470, 916, 11595, 4436, 29892, 297, 1797, 393, 14515, 1953, 1122, 367, 1754, 1434, 278, 758, 2576, 3821, 1596, 5771, 304, 3965, 29889, 13, 29967, 11375, 8673, 379, 3267, 19453, 17900, 29956, 3094, 322, 435, 1164, 7534, 2190, 341, 29889, 796, 19453, 29892, 349, 2544, 22122, 23598, 325, 29889, 20499, 29934, 365, 12182, 634, 394, 29889, 13, 265, 2044, 310, 2284, 1611, 1306, 304, 278, 443, 1573, 5922, 8973, 310, 5929, 1338, 363, 278, 937, 11369, 13, 29961, 29924, 1279, 29871, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29962, 13, 14084, 625, 402, 1144, 3074, 20115, 278, 9426, 310, 278, 9245, 29889, 13, 1762, 9437, 24024, 538, 13258, 943, 297, 970, 14582, 322, 17749, 9311, 297, 278, 18161, 2791, 1691, 1494, 278, 24382, 310, 1174, 1617, 15025, 29892, 11559, 427, 627, 287, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 310, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29953, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29946, 29945, 29889, 2823, 317, 29889, 10088, 29889, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29994, 29896, 29946, 29953, 29892, 6499, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29994, 29896, 29896, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 467, 319, 25161, 310, 278, 3185, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 12566, 29879, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 414, 29889, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 472, 278, 931, 1244, 8018, 29892, 18690, 287, 29901, 13, 29908, 3782, 518, 3597, 29962, 5001, 869, 869, 869, 1919, 470, 738, 12139, 29892, 19001, 29892, 8078, 272, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 470, 10823, 310, 1316, 5001, 29892, 1122, 766, 23367, 29892, 1261, 866, 29892, 8872, 355, 29892, 20616, 29892, 4023, 465, 29892, 272, 297, 738, 916, 8214, 2313, 5632, 16976, 2750, 385, 19001, 297, 278, 4958, 322, 5855, 310, 5703, 358, 1363, 310, 518, 1332, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 470, 916, 6364, 6354, 29962, 1213, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29953, 1226, 6250, 13, 4013, 1206, 21838, 278, 5023, 310, 278, 6364, 770, 29901, 5538, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 28761, 871, 1906, 15723, 491, 278, 970, 5001, 3528, 29892, 470, 947, 372, 28761, 408, 1532, 22873, 310, 5999, 2486, 4934, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 30003, 1454, 1342, 29892, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 29892, 4307, 13734, 1516, 29892, 3633, 292, 3896, 558, 4637, 30003, 15970, 2189, 664, 363, 278, 970, 5001, 29973, 13, 4806, 4808, 29892, 2729, 373, 278, 1426, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 278, 286, 783, 2575, 304, 607, 11559, 471, 10049, 292, 29892, 322, 8859, 13332, 362, 11559, 15010, 2501, 29892, 393, 278, 25161, 528, 295, 2153, 22873, 310, 2024, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29892, 925, 408, 372, 528, 295, 2153, 22873, 310, 278, 970, 5001, 6766, 491, 278, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29889, 1334, 937, 19138, 675, 1749, 5882, 9590, 29892, 769, 8453, 445, 19341, 29891, 322, 5649, 1749, 10608, 901, 15171, 575, 3598, 29889, 13, 29925, 433, 524, 28324, 2400, 29892, 5697, 654, 414, 1244, 29892, 526, 4642, 22873, 310, 2024, 14582, 393, 8078, 304, 22939, 470, 10933, 5478, 950, 29199, 29889, 450, 5478, 950, 29199, 6053, 526, 970, 14582, 393, 505, 694, 22873, 29889, 10133, 29892, 565, 278, 377, 391, 280, 338, 304, 367, 13031, 29876, 373, 5227, 566, 1439, 29878, 2073, 284, 304, 5478, 950, 5220, 13258, 943, 29892, 278, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 19001, 1818, 367, 373, 1790, 5001, 29915, 29879, 5146, 1245, 29892, 1556, 5517, 29892, 278, 5146, 1245, 310, 278, 5478, 950, 5220, 29915, 29879, 13258, 358, 25228, 261, 470, 8455, 29889, 13, 29911, 5086, 278, 16831, 800, 310, 278, 15313, 524, 408, 1565, 29892, 1716, 2174, 524, 28324, 10767, 29893, 278, 377, 391, 280, 373, 1925, 1230, 5227, 566, 1104, 1218, 304, 278, 5478, 950, 29199, 322, 29892, 408, 263, 17004, 29892, 17654, 594, 3901, 3158, 491, 1009, 5703, 414, 29889, 13494, 524, 28324, 1303, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 27769, 393, 14704, 29876, 29962, 29877, 869, 869, 869, 8078, 272, 869, 869, 869, 1122, 869, 869, 869, 2313, 5632, 16976, 2750, 518, 1169, 1914, 29962, 19001, 518, 1454, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 29962, 1213, 1334, 1284, 393, 5183, 13747, 411, 278, 1426, 310, 278, 1002, 1082, 322, 411, 3619, 4060, 29889, 2866, 1461, 943, 526, 297, 2761, 310, 1009, 1914, 22873, 29892, 541, 526, 451, 22420, 6275, 2602, 287, 304, 2761, 4856, 1683, 29915, 29879, 17162, 29889, 12808, 29892, 591, 9241, 1098, 1091, 17068, 304, 11559, 263, 6437, 304, 5040, 263, 8078, 272, 515, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 414, 15723, 491, 278, 970, 5001, 278, 8078, 272, 19700, 29892, 1550, 10124, 278, 8078, 272, 3889, 304, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 967, 1914, 22873, 746, 896, 10320, 284, 17266, 403, 5227, 566, 29889, 13, 797, 278, 1174, 1617, 885, 24258, 393, 9508, 287, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 29892, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29892, 3704, 278, 3633, 292, 9226, 11498, 19897, 264, 29892 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.165815	1.14529	0.094262	0.549969
participated in Enron's fraud and its coverup. When employees of those contractors attempted to bring misconduct to light, they encountered retaliation by their employers. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act contains numerous provisions aimed at controlling the conduct of accountants, auditors, and lawyers who work with public companies. See, e.g., 116Stat. 750–765, 773–774, 784, §§101–107, 203–206, 307. Given Congress' concern about contractor conduct of the kind that contributed to Enron's collapse, we regard with suspicion construction of §1514A to protect whistleblowers only when they are employed by a public company, and not when they work for the public company's contractor. Congress borrowed §1514A's prohibition against retaliation from the wording of the 2000 Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century (AIR 21), 49 U. S. C. §42121. That Act provides: "No air carrier or contractor or subcontractor of an air carrier may discharge an employee or otherwise discriminate against an employee with respect to compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment" when the employee provides information regarding violations "relating to air carrier safety" to his or her employer or federal authorities. §42121(a)(1). AIR 21 has been read to cover, in addition to employees of air carriers, employees of contractors and subcontractors of the carriers. Given the parallel statu-tory texts and whistleblower protective aims, we readthe words "an employee" in AIR 21 and in §1514A to have similar import. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Sarbanes-Oxley or Act) aims to "prevent and punish corporate and criminal fraud, protect the victims of such fraud, preserve evidence of such fraud, and hold wrongdoers accountable for their actions." S. Rep. No. 107–146, p. 2 (2002) (hereinafter S. Rep.). 1 Of particular concern to Congress was abundant evidence that Enron had succeeded in perpetuating its massive shareholder fraud in large part due to a "corporate code of silence"; that code, Congress found, "discourage[d] employees from reporting fraudulent behavior not only to the proper authorities, such as the FBI and the SEC, but even internally." Id., at 4–5 (internal quotation marks omitted). When employees of Enron and its accounting firm, Arthur Andersen, attempted to report corporate misconduct, Congress learned, they faced retaliation, including discharge. As outside counsel advised company officials at the time, Enron's efforts to "quiet" whistleblowers generally were not proscribed under then-existing law. Id., at 5, 10. Congress identified the lack of whistleblower protection as "a significant deficiency" in the law, for in complex securities fraud investigations, employees "are [often] the only firsthand witnesses to the fraud." Id., at 10. Section 806 of Sarbanes-Oxley addresses this concern. Titled "Protection for Employees of Publicly Traded Companies Who Provide Evidence of Fraud," §806 added a new provision to Title 18 of the United States Code, 18 U. S. C. §1514A, which reads in relevant part: "Civil action to protect against retaliation in fraud cases "(a) Whistleblower Protection for Employees of Publicly Traded Companies.—No company with a class of securities registered under section 12 ofthe Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ( 15 U. S. C. §78 l), or that is required to file reports under section 15(d)of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U. S. C. §78o(d)), or any officer, employee, contractor, subcontractor, or agent of such company, may discharge, demote, suspend	[ 25223, 297, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 5227, 566, 322, 967, 4612, 786, 29889, 1932, 22873, 310, 1906, 8078, 943, 16388, 304, 6963, 3984, 535, 2199, 304, 3578, 29892, 896, 18169, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 1009, 5703, 414, 29889, 450, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 3743, 12727, 1326, 12112, 12242, 287, 472, 640, 22155, 278, 7512, 310, 3633, 1934, 29892, 12990, 17259, 29892, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 1058, 664, 411, 970, 14582, 29889, 2823, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29953, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29945, 29900, 29994, 29955, 29953, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29955, 29955, 29941, 29994, 29955, 29955, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29955, 29947, 29946, 29892, 16683, 30152, 29896, 29900, 29896, 29994, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29941, 29994, 29906, 29900, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29955, 29889, 11221, 11559, 29915, 5932, 1048, 8078, 272, 7512, 310, 278, 2924, 393, 26869, 304, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 24382, 29892, 591, 4880, 411, 8872, 15353, 7632, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 12566, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 414, 871, 746, 896, 526, 15723, 491, 263, 970, 5001, 29892, 322, 451, 746, 896, 664, 363, 278, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 8078, 272, 29889, 13, 29907, 549, 1253, 27942, 287, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 21460, 654, 2750, 3240, 2606, 362, 515, 278, 1734, 292, 310, 278, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29900, 29022, 514, 379, 29889, 14601, 319, 14641, 512, 10147, 358, 322, 23933, 3185, 363, 278, 29871, 29906, 29896, 303, 24027, 313, 29909, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 511, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29889, 2193, 3185, 8128, 29901, 376, 3782, 4799, 1559, 4336, 470, 8078, 272, 470, 1014, 1285, 28891, 310, 385, 4799, 1559, 4336, 1122, 766, 23367, 385, 19001, 470, 6467, 2313, 5632, 16976, 2750, 385, 19001, 411, 3390, 304, 22874, 362, 29892, 4958, 29892, 5855, 29892, 470, 28091, 310, 5703, 358, 29908, 746, 278, 19001, 8128, 2472, 11211, 5537, 800, 376, 2674, 1218, 304, 4799, 1559, 4336, 15332, 29908, 304, 670, 470, 902, 5703, 261, 470, 17097, 21142, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29896, 467, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 756, 1063, 1303, 304, 4612, 29892, 297, 6124, 304, 22873, 310, 4799, 19638, 414, 29892, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 310, 278, 19638, 414, 29889, 11221, 278, 8943, 1002, 29884, 29899, 29873, 706, 26442, 322, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 12566, 573, 263, 9893, 29892, 591, 1303, 1552, 3838, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 297, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 322, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 505, 2788, 1053, 29889, 13, 1576, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 310, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 313, 29903, 279, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 470, 3185, 29897, 263, 9893, 304, 376, 18921, 322, 6035, 728, 17266, 403, 322, 22161, 5227, 566, 29892, 12566, 278, 6879, 9893, 310, 1316, 5227, 566, 29892, 19905, 10757, 310, 1316, 5227, 566, 29892, 322, 4808, 2743, 1867, 414, 3633, 519, 363, 1009, 8820, 1213, 317, 29889, 10088, 29889, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29994, 29896, 29946, 29953, 29892, 282, 29889, 29871, 29906, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29897, 313, 4150, 1099, 906, 317, 29889, 10088, 6250, 29871, 29896, 4587, 3153, 5932, 304, 11559, 471, 18666, 424, 10757, 393, 1174, 1617, 750, 14792, 297, 25722, 29884, 1218, 967, 20364, 6232, 7694, 5227, 566, 297, 2919, 760, 2861, 304, 263, 376, 2616, 1971, 403, 775, 310, 15142, 1769, 393, 775, 29892, 11559, 1476, 29892, 376, 2218, 16589, 6617, 29961, 29881, 29962, 22873, 515, 23415, 5227, 566, 352, 296, 6030, 451, 871, 304, 278, 1571, 21142, 29892, 1316, 408, 278, 383, 12809, 322, 278, 3725, 29907, 29892, 541, 1584, 25106, 1213, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29946, 29994, 29945, 313, 7564, 13911, 362, 17997, 25811, 467, 1932, 22873, 310, 1174, 1617, 322, 967, 3633, 292, 9226, 29892, 11498, 19897, 264, 29892, 16388, 304, 3461, 17266, 403, 3984, 535, 2199, 29892, 11559, 10972, 29892, 896, 20050, 3240, 2606, 362, 29892, 3704, 766, 23367, 29889, 1094, 5377, 2613, 2838, 594, 11292, 5001, 24921, 472, 278, 931, 29892, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 14231, 304, 376, 339, 2035, 29908, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 414, 6892, 892, 451, 410, 7588, 2580, 1090, 769, 29899, 735, 15423, 4307, 29889, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 11559, 15659, 278, 10225, 310, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 408, 376, 29874, 7282, 822, 293, 13396, 29908, 297, 278, 4307, 29892, 363, 297, 4280, 409, 2764, 1907, 5227, 566, 7405, 800, 29892, 22873, 376, 598, 518, 29877, 15535, 29962, 278, 871, 937, 3179, 16277, 267, 304, 278, 5227, 566, 1213, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 13, 13438, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29953, 310, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 14157, 445, 5932, 29889, 11810, 839, 376, 1184, 371, 428, 363, 7361, 2376, 12712, 310, 5236, 368, 1605, 11932, 3831, 273, 583, 11644, 9133, 680, 7298, 5084, 310, 7347, 566, 1699, 16683, 29947, 29900, 29953, 2715, 263, 716, 25161, 304, 18527, 29871, 29896, 29947, 310, 278, 3303, 3900, 5920, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 607, 13623, 297, 8018, 760, 29901, 13, 29908, 29907, 5341, 3158, 304, 12566, 2750, 3240, 2606, 362, 297, 5227, 566, 4251, 13, 29908, 29898, 29874, 29897, 806, 391, 19982, 13609, 14409, 428, 363, 7361, 2376, 12712, 310, 5236, 368, 1605, 11932, 3831, 273, 583, 22416, 3782, 5001, 411, 263, 770, 310, 409, 2764, 1907, 15443, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29906, 310, 1552, 5356, 332, 1907, 24004, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 313, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29947, 301, 511, 470, 393, 338, 3734, 304, 934, 13676, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 974, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 24004, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 313, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29947, 29877, 29898, 29881, 8243, 470, 738, 12139, 29892, 19001, 29892, 8078, 272, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 470, 10823, 310, 1316, 5001, 29892, 1122, 766, 23367, 29892, 1261, 866, 29892, 8872, 355 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.163777	1.651426	0.82769	0.84342
, threaten, harass, or in any othermanner discriminate against an employee in the terms and conditions of employment because of any lawful act done by the employee— "(1) to provide information, cause information to be provided, or otherwise assist in an investigation regarding any conduct which the employee reasonably believes constitutes a violation of section 1341 [mail fraud], 1343 [wire fraud], 1344 [bank fraud], or 1348 [securities or commodities fraud], any rule or regulation of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or any provision of Federal law relating to fraud against shareholders, when the information or assistance is provided to or the investigation is conducted by [a federal agency, Congress, or supervisor] . . . ." §806, 116Stat. 802. 2 Congress has assigned whistleblower protection largely to the Department of Labor (DOL), which administers some 20 United States Code incorporated whistleblower protection provisions. See 78 Fed. Reg. 3918 (2013). The Secretary has delegated investigatory and initial adju-dicatory responsibility over claims under a number of these provisions, including §1514A, to DOL's Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Ibid. OSHA's order may be appealed to an administrative law judge, and then to DOL's Administrative Review Board (ARB). 29 CFR §§1980.104 to 1980.110 (2011). In common with other whistleblower protection provisions enforced by DOL, see 77 Fed. Reg. 3912 (2012), the ARB's determination on a §1514A claim constitutes the agency's final decision and is reviewable in federal court under the standards stated in the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U. S. C. §706. If, however, the ARB does not issue a final decision within 180 days of the filing of the complaint, and the delay is not due to bad faith on the claimant's part, the claimant may proceed to federal district court for de novo review. 18 U. S. C. §1514A(b). An employee prevailing in a proceeding under §1514A is entitled to "all relief necessary to make the employee whole," including "reinstatement with the same seniority status that the employee would have had, but for the discrimination," backpay with interest, and compensation for litigation costs. §1514A(c). Congress modeled §1514A on the anti-retaliation provision of the Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century (AIR 21), 49 U. S. C. §42121, a measure enacted two years earlier. See S. Rep., at 30 (corporate whistleblower protections "track [AIR 21's] protections as closely as possible"). Section 1514A incorporates by cross-reference AIR 21's administrative enforcement procedures. 18 U. S. C. §1514A(b)(2). Petitioners Jackie Hosang Lawson and Jonathan M. Zang (plaintiffs) separately initiated proceedings under §1514A against their former employers, privately held companies that provide advisory and management services to the Fidelity family of mutual funds. The Fidelity funds are not parties to either case; as is common in the mutual fund industry, the Fidelity funds themselves have no employees. Instead, they contract with investment advisers like respondents to handle their day-to-day operations, which include making investment decisions, preparing reports for shareholders, and filing reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Lawson was employed by Fidelity Brokerage Services, LLC, a subsidiary of FMR Corp., which was succeeded by FMR LLC. Zang was employed by a different FMR LLC subsidiary, Fidelity Management & Research Co., and later by one of that company's subsidiaries, FMR Co., Inc. For convenience, we refer to respondents collectively as FMR. L	[ 29892, 20616, 29892, 4023, 465, 29892, 470, 297, 738, 916, 4403, 261, 2313, 5632, 16976, 2750, 385, 19001, 297, 278, 4958, 322, 5855, 310, 5703, 358, 1363, 310, 738, 4307, 1319, 1044, 2309, 491, 278, 19001, 30003, 13, 29908, 29898, 29896, 29897, 304, 3867, 2472, 29892, 4556, 2472, 304, 367, 4944, 29892, 470, 6467, 6985, 297, 385, 22522, 11211, 738, 7512, 607, 278, 19001, 2769, 2197, 1339, 17180, 20016, 2667, 263, 5537, 362, 310, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29946, 29896, 518, 2549, 5227, 566, 1402, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29946, 29941, 518, 22376, 5227, 566, 1402, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29946, 29946, 518, 9157, 5227, 566, 1402, 470, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29946, 29947, 518, 344, 2764, 1907, 470, 844, 397, 1907, 5227, 566, 1402, 738, 5751, 470, 1072, 2785, 310, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 322, 24004, 11444, 29892, 470, 738, 25161, 310, 14879, 4307, 1104, 1218, 304, 5227, 566, 2750, 6232, 8948, 414, 29892, 746, 278, 2472, 470, 18872, 338, 4944, 304, 470, 278, 22522, 338, 18043, 491, 518, 29874, 17097, 946, 3819, 29892, 11559, 29892, 470, 2428, 19188, 29962, 869, 869, 869, 869, 29908, 16683, 29947, 29900, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29953, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29906, 29889, 29871, 29906, 13, 29907, 549, 1253, 756, 9859, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 18425, 304, 278, 10317, 310, 16715, 313, 3970, 29931, 511, 607, 4113, 1531, 29879, 777, 29871, 29906, 29900, 3303, 3900, 5920, 11039, 630, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 1326, 12112, 29889, 2823, 29871, 29955, 29947, 17972, 29889, 2169, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29929, 29896, 29947, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 467, 450, 17719, 756, 16000, 630, 7405, 7606, 322, 2847, 594, 4900, 29899, 27774, 7606, 23134, 975, 16726, 1090, 263, 1353, 310, 1438, 1326, 12112, 29892, 3704, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 304, 360, 5607, 29915, 29879, 16117, 786, 1288, 14795, 3305, 322, 15202, 23303, 313, 3267, 15715, 467, 306, 23883, 29889, 6570, 15715, 29915, 29879, 1797, 1122, 367, 5929, 7943, 304, 385, 19185, 4307, 16833, 29892, 322, 769, 304, 360, 5607, 29915, 29879, 24510, 1230, 13957, 12590, 313, 1718, 29933, 467, 29871, 29906, 29929, 315, 15860, 16683, 30152, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29900, 29889, 29896, 29900, 29946, 304, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29900, 29889, 29896, 29896, 29900, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29896, 467, 13, 797, 3619, 411, 916, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 1326, 12112, 24555, 1133, 491, 360, 5607, 29892, 1074, 29871, 29955, 29955, 17972, 29889, 2169, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29929, 29896, 29906, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 511, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 3683, 3381, 373, 263, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 5995, 20016, 2667, 278, 946, 3819, 29915, 29879, 2186, 10608, 322, 338, 9076, 519, 297, 17097, 8973, 1090, 278, 20801, 8703, 297, 278, 24510, 1230, 1019, 26600, 3185, 29892, 29871, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29900, 29953, 29889, 960, 29892, 3138, 29892, 278, 9033, 29933, 947, 451, 2228, 263, 2186, 10608, 2629, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29900, 3841, 310, 278, 977, 292, 310, 278, 15313, 524, 29892, 322, 278, 9055, 338, 451, 2861, 304, 4319, 10847, 373, 278, 5995, 424, 29915, 29879, 760, 29892, 278, 5995, 424, 1122, 8469, 304, 17097, 6474, 8973, 363, 316, 2420, 29877, 9076, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29890, 467, 530, 19001, 12379, 737, 292, 297, 263, 8469, 292, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 23437, 304, 376, 497, 18892, 5181, 304, 1207, 278, 19001, 3353, 1699, 3704, 376, 276, 2611, 271, 882, 411, 278, 1021, 16336, 537, 4660, 393, 278, 19001, 723, 505, 750, 29892, 541, 363, 278, 2313, 5632, 3381, 1699, 1250, 10472, 411, 4066, 29892, 322, 22874, 362, 363, 11872, 335, 362, 21544, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29883, 467, 13, 29907, 549, 1253, 4464, 839, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 373, 278, 9418, 29899, 2267, 2606, 362, 25161, 310, 278, 29022, 514, 379, 29889, 14601, 319, 14641, 512, 10147, 358, 322, 23933, 3185, 363, 278, 29871, 29906, 29896, 303, 24027, 313, 29909, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 511, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29892, 263, 5645, 427, 627, 287, 1023, 2440, 8859, 29889, 2823, 317, 29889, 10088, 1696, 472, 29871, 29941, 29900, 313, 2616, 1971, 403, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 3279, 1953, 376, 11294, 518, 29909, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 29962, 3279, 1953, 408, 16467, 408, 1950, 2564, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 11039, 1078, 491, 4891, 29899, 5679, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 19185, 24555, 13561, 28648, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29890, 5033, 29906, 467, 13, 29925, 300, 654, 414, 5457, 347, 379, 359, 574, 7927, 1100, 322, 20983, 341, 29889, 796, 574, 313, 13974, 524, 28324, 29897, 16949, 14511, 630, 8469, 886, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 2750, 1009, 4642, 5703, 414, 29892, 5999, 2486, 4934, 14582, 393, 3867, 25228, 706, 322, 10643, 5786, 304, 278, 383, 10652, 537, 3942, 310, 5478, 950, 29199, 29889, 450, 383, 10652, 537, 29199, 526, 451, 13973, 304, 2845, 1206, 29936, 408, 338, 3619, 297, 278, 5478, 950, 5220, 13661, 29892, 278, 383, 10652, 537, 29199, 6053, 505, 694, 22873, 29889, 8669, 29892, 896, 8078, 411, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 763, 10049, 1237, 304, 4386, 1009, 2462, 29899, 517, 29899, 3250, 6931, 29892, 607, 3160, 3907, 13258, 358, 1602, 12112, 29892, 10223, 292, 13676, 363, 6232, 8948, 414, 29892, 322, 977, 292, 13676, 411, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 322, 24004, 11444, 313, 1660, 29907, 467, 7927, 1100, 471, 15723, 491, 383, 10652, 537, 4358, 3946, 482, 15538, 29892, 365, 12182, 29892, 263, 11684, 8819, 653, 310, 20499, 29934, 2994, 29886, 1696, 607, 471, 14792, 491, 20499, 29934, 365, 12182, 29889, 796, 574, 471, 15723, 491, 263, 1422, 20499, 29934, 365, 12182, 11684, 8819, 653, 29892, 383, 10652, 537, 15057, 669, 10550, 3189, 1696, 322, 2678, 491, 697, 310, 393, 5001, 29915, 29879, 11684, 8819, 4314, 29892, 20499, 29934, 3189, 1696, 9266, 29889, 1152, 29703, 29892, 591, 2737, 304, 10049, 1237, 6314, 3598, 408, 20499, 29934, 29889, 13, 29931 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.284538	1.054445	-0.165755	0.169241
awson worked for FMR for 14 years, eventually serving as a Senior Director of Finance. She alleges that, after she raised concerns about certain cost accounting methodologies, believing that they overstated expenses associated with operating the mutual funds, she suffered a seriesof adverse actions, ultimately amounting to constructive discharge. Zang was employed by FMR for eight years, most recently as a portfolio manager for several of the funds. He alleges that he was fired in retaliation for raising concerns about inaccuracies in a draft SEC reg-istration statement concerning certain Fidelity funds. Lawson and Zang separately filed administrative complaints alleging retaliation proscribed by §1514A. After expiration of the 180-day period specified in §1514A(b)(1), Lawson and Zang each filed suit in the U. S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts. FMR moved to dismiss the suits, arguing, as relevant, that neither plaintiff has a claim for relief under §1514A. FMR is privately held, and maintained that §1514A protects only employees of public companies—i.e., companies that either have "a class of securities registered under section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934," or that are "required to file reports under section 15(d)" of that Act. §1514A(a). 3 In a joint order, the District Court rejected FMR's interpretation of §1514A and denied the dismissal motions in both suits. 724 F. Supp. 2d 141 (Mass. 2010). On interlocutory appeal, a divided panel of the First Circuit reversed. 670 F. 3d 61 (2012). The Court of Appeals majority acknowledged that FMR is a "contractor" 4 within the meaning of §1514A(a), and thus among the actors prohibited from retaliating against "an employee" who engages in protected activity. The majority agreed with FMR, however, that "an employee" refers only to employees of public companies and does not cover a contractor's own employees. Id., at 68–80. Judge Thompson dissented. In her view, the majority had "impose[d] an unwarranted restriction on the intentionally broad language of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act" and "bar[red] a significant class of potential securities-fraud whistleblowers from any legal protection." Id., at 83. Several months later, the ARB issued a decision in an unrelated case, Spinner v. David Landau & Assoc., LLC, No. 10–111 etc., ALJ No. 2010–SOX–029 (May 31, 2012), 5 disagreeing with the Court of Appeals' interpretation of §1514A. In a comprehensive opinion, the ARB explained its position that §1514A affords whistleblower protection to employees of privately held contractors that render services to public companies. Ibid. 6 We granted certiorari, 569 U. S. ___ (2013), to resolve the division of opinion on whether §1514A extends whistleblower protection to employees of privately held contractors who perform work for public companies. In determining the meaning of a statutory provision, "we look first to its language, giving the words used their ordinary meaning." Moskal v. United States, 498 U. S. 103, 108 (1990) (citation and internal quotation marks omitted). As Judge Thompson observed in her dissent from the Court of Appeals' judgment, "boiling [§1514A(a)] down to its relevant syntactic elements, it provides that 'no . . . contractor . . . may discharge . . . an employee.' " 670 F. 3d, at 84 (quoting §1514A(a)). The ordinary meaning of "an employee" in this proscription is the contractor's own employee. FMR's interpretation of the text requires insertion of"of a public company" after "an employee." But where Con-gress meant "an employee of a public company," it said so: With respect to the actors	[ 1450, 1100, 3796, 363, 20499, 29934, 363, 29871, 29896, 29946, 2440, 29892, 10201, 16330, 408, 263, 24260, 15944, 310, 4231, 749, 29889, 2296, 16831, 267, 393, 29892, 1156, 1183, 10425, 21838, 1048, 3058, 3438, 3633, 292, 1158, 11763, 29892, 1339, 15387, 393, 896, 975, 303, 630, 1518, 11259, 6942, 411, 13598, 278, 5478, 950, 29199, 29892, 1183, 17654, 263, 3652, 974, 594, 3901, 8820, 29892, 18973, 5253, 292, 304, 3386, 573, 766, 23367, 29889, 796, 574, 471, 15723, 491, 20499, 29934, 363, 9475, 2440, 29892, 1556, 10325, 408, 263, 2011, 25648, 8455, 363, 3196, 310, 278, 29199, 29889, 940, 16831, 267, 393, 540, 471, 17285, 297, 3240, 2606, 362, 363, 29263, 21838, 1048, 297, 5753, 2002, 2478, 297, 263, 18195, 3725, 29907, 1072, 29899, 8306, 3229, 19813, 3058, 383, 10652, 537, 29199, 29889, 7927, 1100, 322, 796, 574, 16949, 934, 29881, 19185, 15313, 9466, 16831, 292, 3240, 2606, 362, 410, 7588, 2580, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 2860, 1518, 12232, 310, 278, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29900, 29899, 3250, 3785, 6790, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29890, 5033, 29896, 511, 7927, 1100, 322, 796, 574, 1269, 934, 29881, 14726, 297, 278, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 7457, 9245, 363, 278, 7457, 310, 16167, 29889, 13, 29943, 21055, 6153, 304, 18918, 278, 480, 1169, 29892, 1852, 26420, 29892, 408, 8018, 29892, 393, 9561, 2174, 524, 2593, 756, 263, 5995, 363, 18892, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 20499, 29934, 338, 5999, 2486, 4934, 29892, 322, 19949, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 12566, 29879, 871, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 30003, 29875, 29889, 29872, 1696, 14582, 393, 2845, 505, 376, 29874, 770, 310, 409, 2764, 1907, 15443, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29906, 310, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 24004, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 1699, 470, 393, 526, 376, 12403, 304, 934, 13676, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 5513, 310, 393, 3185, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 467, 29871, 29941, 512, 263, 14002, 1797, 29892, 278, 7457, 9245, 22225, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 19854, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 322, 17935, 278, 18918, 284, 3184, 1080, 297, 1716, 480, 1169, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29906, 29946, 383, 29889, 9179, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29881, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29896, 313, 29924, 465, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 467, 13, 2951, 1006, 2029, 329, 706, 25530, 29892, 263, 13931, 9451, 310, 278, 3824, 12594, 3121, 18764, 287, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29955, 29900, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29871, 29953, 29896, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 467, 450, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 13638, 24084, 3192, 393, 20499, 29934, 338, 263, 376, 1285, 28891, 29908, 29871, 29946, 2629, 278, 6593, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 511, 322, 4550, 4249, 278, 29701, 21460, 1573, 515, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 1058, 3033, 1179, 297, 6364, 6354, 29889, 450, 13638, 15502, 411, 20499, 29934, 29892, 3138, 29892, 393, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 14637, 871, 304, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 322, 947, 451, 4612, 263, 8078, 272, 29915, 29879, 1914, 22873, 29889, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29953, 29947, 29994, 29947, 29900, 29889, 26817, 22348, 16317, 14927, 29889, 512, 902, 1776, 29892, 278, 13638, 750, 376, 326, 4220, 29961, 29881, 29962, 385, 18500, 2749, 9714, 24345, 373, 278, 16392, 635, 7300, 4086, 310, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 29908, 322, 376, 1646, 29961, 1127, 29962, 263, 7282, 770, 310, 7037, 409, 2764, 1907, 29899, 20910, 566, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 414, 515, 738, 11706, 13047, 1213, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29947, 29941, 29889, 13, 29903, 1310, 284, 7378, 2678, 29892, 278, 9033, 29933, 16610, 263, 10608, 297, 385, 443, 12817, 1206, 29892, 1706, 3993, 325, 29889, 4699, 3172, 585, 669, 4007, 542, 1696, 365, 12182, 29892, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29994, 29896, 29896, 29896, 2992, 1696, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29929, 313, 12703, 29871, 29941, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 511, 29871, 29945, 22941, 929, 292, 411, 278, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 29915, 19854, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 512, 263, 15171, 6270, 9426, 29892, 278, 9033, 29933, 10824, 967, 2602, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 2756, 4339, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 304, 22873, 310, 5999, 2486, 4934, 8078, 943, 393, 4050, 5786, 304, 970, 14582, 29889, 306, 23883, 29889, 29871, 29953, 13, 4806, 16896, 2284, 1611, 1306, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29953, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 903, 1649, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 511, 304, 8814, 278, 8542, 310, 9426, 373, 3692, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 4988, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 304, 22873, 310, 5999, 2486, 4934, 8078, 943, 1058, 2189, 664, 363, 970, 14582, 29889, 13, 797, 3683, 2827, 278, 6593, 310, 263, 1002, 329, 706, 25161, 29892, 376, 705, 1106, 937, 304, 967, 4086, 29892, 6820, 278, 3838, 1304, 1009, 15311, 6593, 1213, 6630, 11311, 325, 29889, 3303, 3900, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29929, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29947, 313, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29900, 29897, 313, 29883, 7018, 322, 7463, 13911, 362, 17997, 25811, 467, 1094, 26817, 22348, 8900, 297, 902, 16317, 296, 515, 278, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 29915, 24284, 29892, 376, 833, 6504, 518, 30152, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 4638, 1623, 304, 967, 8018, 269, 3903, 17911, 3161, 29892, 372, 8128, 393, 525, 1217, 869, 869, 869, 8078, 272, 869, 869, 869, 1122, 766, 23367, 869, 869, 869, 385, 19001, 6169, 376, 29871, 29953, 29955, 29900, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29892, 472, 29871, 29947, 29946, 313, 339, 11427, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 8106, 450, 15311, 6593, 310, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 297, 445, 10791, 3395, 338, 278, 8078, 272, 29915, 29879, 1914, 19001, 29889, 13, 29943, 21055, 29915, 29879, 19854, 310, 278, 1426, 6858, 4635, 291, 310, 29908, 974, 263, 970, 5001, 29908, 1156, 376, 273, 19001, 1213, 1205, 988, 1281, 29899, 3663, 6839, 376, 273, 19001, 310, 263, 970, 5001, 1699, 372, 1497, 577, 29901, 2973, 3390, 304, 278, 29701 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.069211	1.194606	-0.085957	0.142678
governed by §1514A, the provision's interdictions run to the officers, employees, contractors, subcontractors, and agents "of such company," i.e., a public company. §1514A(a). Another anti-retaliation pro-vision in Sarbanes-Oxley provides: "[A] broker or dealer and persons employed by a broker or dealer who areinvolved with investment banking activities may not, directly or indirectly, retaliate against or threaten to retaliate against any securities analyst employed by that broker or dealer or its affiliates . . . ." 15 U. S. C. §78 o–6(a)(1)(C) (emphasis added). In contrast, nothing in §1514A's language confines the class of employees protected to those of a designated employer. Absent any textual qualification, we presume the operative language means what it appears to mean: A contractor may not retaliate against its own employee for engaging in protected whistle-blowing activity. 7 Section 1514A's application to contractor employeesis confirmed when we enlarge our view from the term"an employee" to the provision as a whole. The prohib-ited retaliatory measures enumerated in §1514A(a)—discharge, demotion, suspension, threats, harassment, or dis-crimination in the terms and conditions of employment—are commonly actions an employer takes against itsown employees. Contractors are not ordinarily posi-tioned to take adverse actions against employees of the public company with whom they contract. FMR's interpretation of §1514A, therefore, would shrink to insignificance the provision's ban on retaliation by contractors. The dissent embraces FMR's "narrower" construction. See post, at 2, 3, 4, 7. FMR urges that Congress included contractors in §1514A's list of governed actors simply to prevent public companies from avoiding liability by employing contractors to effectuate retaliatory discharges. FMR describes such a contractor as an "ax-wielding specialist," illustrated by George Clooney's character in the movie Up in the Air. 8 Brief for Respondents 24–25 (internal quotation marks omitted). As portrayed by Clooney, an ax-wielding specialist is a contractor engaged only as the bearer of the bad news that the employee has been fired; he plays no role in deciding who to terminate. If the company employing the ax-wielder chose the recipients of the bad tidings for retaliatory reasons, the §1514A claim would properly be directed at the company. Hiring the ax-wielder would not insulate the company from liability. Moreover, we see no indication that retaliatory ax-wielding specialists are the real-world problem that prompted Congress to add contractors to §1514A. 9 Moving further through §1514A to the protected activity described in subsection (a)(1), we find further reason to believe that Congress presumed an employer-employee relationship between the retaliator and the whistleblower. Employees gain protection for furnishing information to a federal agency, Congress, or "a person with supervisory authority over the employee (or such other person working for the employer who has the authority to investigate, discover, or terminate misconduct)." §1514A(a)(1) (emphasis added). And under §1514A(a)(2), employees are protected from retaliation for assisting "in a proceeding filed or about to be filed (with any knowledge of the employer) relating to an alleged violation" of any of the enumerated fraud provisions, securities regulations, or other federal law relating to shareholder fraud. §1514A(a)(2) (emphasis added). The reference to employer knowledge is an additional indicator of Congress' expectation that the retaliator typically will be the employee's employer, not another entity less likely to know of whistleblower complaints filed or about to be filed. Section 1514A's enforcement procedures and remedies similarly contemplate that the whistleblower is an employee of the retaliator. As earlier noted, see supra,	[ 4095, 287, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 1006, 8977, 1080, 1065, 304, 278, 13049, 29892, 22873, 29892, 8078, 943, 29892, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29892, 322, 19518, 376, 974, 1316, 5001, 1699, 474, 29889, 29872, 1696, 263, 970, 5001, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 467, 7280, 9418, 29899, 2267, 2606, 362, 410, 29899, 4924, 297, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 8128, 29901, 14704, 29909, 29962, 2545, 3946, 470, 5376, 261, 322, 12407, 15723, 491, 263, 2545, 3946, 470, 5376, 261, 1058, 526, 262, 1555, 1490, 411, 13258, 358, 9124, 292, 14188, 1122, 451, 29892, 4153, 470, 26377, 368, 29892, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 470, 20616, 304, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 738, 409, 2764, 1907, 3483, 858, 15723, 491, 393, 2545, 3946, 470, 5376, 261, 470, 967, 23736, 1078, 869, 869, 869, 869, 29908, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29947, 288, 29994, 29953, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29896, 5033, 29907, 29897, 313, 7278, 25101, 2715, 467, 512, 12814, 29892, 3078, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 4086, 1970, 1475, 278, 770, 310, 22873, 6364, 304, 1906, 310, 263, 25373, 5703, 261, 29889, 1976, 18616, 738, 1426, 950, 4021, 2450, 29892, 591, 2225, 2017, 278, 1751, 1230, 4086, 2794, 825, 372, 5692, 304, 2099, 29901, 319, 8078, 272, 1122, 451, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 967, 1914, 19001, 363, 3033, 6751, 297, 6364, 377, 391, 280, 29899, 29890, 677, 292, 6354, 29889, 29871, 29955, 13, 13438, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 2280, 304, 8078, 272, 5703, 29872, 6656, 16725, 746, 591, 427, 16961, 1749, 1776, 515, 278, 1840, 29908, 273, 19001, 29908, 304, 278, 25161, 408, 263, 3353, 29889, 450, 21460, 29899, 1573, 3240, 2606, 7606, 15366, 22447, 630, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 30003, 29881, 783, 279, 479, 29892, 1261, 8194, 29892, 8872, 2673, 29892, 12455, 1446, 29892, 4023, 465, 358, 29892, 470, 766, 29899, 29883, 5632, 3381, 297, 278, 4958, 322, 5855, 310, 5703, 358, 30003, 598, 15574, 8820, 385, 5703, 261, 4893, 2750, 967, 776, 22873, 29889, 2866, 1461, 943, 526, 451, 22420, 6275, 926, 29875, 29899, 12757, 287, 304, 2125, 594, 3901, 8820, 2750, 22873, 310, 278, 970, 5001, 411, 6029, 896, 8078, 29889, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 19854, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 5480, 29892, 723, 14653, 682, 304, 1663, 647, 928, 749, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 9892, 373, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 8078, 943, 29889, 450, 16317, 296, 953, 2634, 778, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 376, 24156, 307, 556, 29908, 7632, 29889, 2823, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29955, 29889, 13, 29943, 21055, 5065, 2710, 393, 11559, 5134, 8078, 943, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 1051, 310, 4095, 287, 29701, 3763, 304, 5557, 970, 14582, 515, 4772, 292, 619, 3097, 491, 5703, 292, 8078, 943, 304, 2779, 27240, 3240, 2606, 7606, 766, 25389, 267, 29889, 20499, 29934, 16612, 1316, 263, 8078, 272, 408, 385, 376, 1165, 29899, 29893, 969, 292, 4266, 391, 1699, 26848, 491, 5122, 27397, 4992, 29915, 29879, 2931, 297, 278, 14064, 5020, 297, 278, 5593, 29889, 29871, 29947, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29906, 29946, 29994, 29906, 29945, 313, 7564, 13911, 362, 17997, 25811, 467, 1094, 2011, 25724, 491, 27397, 4992, 29892, 385, 4853, 29899, 29893, 969, 292, 4266, 391, 338, 263, 8078, 272, 17785, 871, 408, 278, 11460, 261, 310, 278, 4319, 9763, 393, 278, 19001, 756, 1063, 17285, 29936, 540, 13582, 694, 6297, 297, 1602, 4821, 1058, 304, 29504, 29889, 960, 278, 5001, 5703, 292, 278, 4853, 29899, 29893, 709, 672, 12784, 278, 23957, 10070, 310, 278, 4319, 10668, 886, 363, 3240, 2606, 7606, 9590, 29892, 278, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 5995, 723, 6284, 367, 10624, 472, 278, 5001, 29889, 379, 8491, 278, 4853, 29899, 29893, 709, 672, 723, 451, 1663, 5987, 278, 5001, 515, 619, 3097, 29889, 12808, 29892, 591, 1074, 694, 4221, 362, 393, 3240, 2606, 7606, 4853, 29899, 29893, 969, 292, 4266, 2879, 526, 278, 1855, 29899, 11526, 1108, 393, 9508, 287, 11559, 304, 788, 8078, 943, 304, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 29871, 29929, 13, 29924, 21081, 4340, 1549, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 278, 6364, 6354, 5439, 297, 1014, 2042, 313, 29874, 5033, 29896, 511, 591, 1284, 4340, 2769, 304, 4658, 393, 11559, 2225, 21571, 385, 5703, 261, 29899, 26143, 9443, 1546, 278, 3240, 2606, 1061, 322, 278, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 29889, 7361, 2376, 12712, 11581, 13047, 363, 15252, 14424, 2472, 304, 263, 17097, 946, 3819, 29892, 11559, 29892, 470, 376, 29874, 2022, 411, 2428, 1730, 706, 14329, 975, 278, 19001, 313, 272, 1316, 916, 2022, 1985, 363, 278, 5703, 261, 1058, 756, 278, 14329, 304, 23033, 29892, 6523, 29892, 470, 29504, 3984, 535, 2199, 467, 29908, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29896, 29897, 313, 7278, 25101, 2715, 467, 1126, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29906, 511, 22873, 526, 6364, 515, 3240, 2606, 362, 363, 6985, 292, 376, 262, 263, 8469, 292, 934, 29881, 470, 1048, 304, 367, 934, 29881, 313, 2541, 738, 7134, 310, 278, 5703, 261, 29897, 1104, 1218, 304, 385, 16831, 287, 5537, 362, 29908, 310, 738, 310, 278, 22447, 630, 5227, 566, 1326, 12112, 29892, 409, 2764, 1907, 1072, 8250, 29892, 470, 916, 17097, 4307, 1104, 1218, 304, 6232, 7694, 5227, 566, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29906, 29897, 313, 7278, 25101, 2715, 467, 450, 3407, 304, 5703, 261, 7134, 338, 385, 5684, 27717, 310, 11559, 29915, 23227, 393, 278, 3240, 2606, 1061, 12234, 674, 367, 278, 19001, 29915, 29879, 5703, 261, 29892, 451, 1790, 7855, 3109, 5517, 304, 1073, 310, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 15313, 9466, 934, 29881, 470, 1048, 304, 367, 934, 29881, 29889, 13, 13438, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 24555, 13561, 28648, 322, 1083, 287, 583, 22829, 640, 331, 2341, 393, 278, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 338, 385, 19001, 310, 278, 3240, 2606, 1061, 29889, 1094, 8859, 11682, 29892, 1074, 13159, 336, 29892 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.12559	1.158268	-0.342388	0.02631
at 6, §1514A(b)(2)(A) provides that a claim under §1514A "shall be governed under the rules and procedures set forth in section 42121(b) of title 49," i.e., AIR 21's anti-retaliation provision. Throughout §42121(b), the respondent is referred to as "the employer." See 49 U. S. C. §42121(b)(2)(B)(ii) (The Secretary shall not conduct an investigation into a retaliation claim "if the employer demonstrates,by clear and convincing evidence, that the employer would have taken the same unfavorable personnel action inthe absence of that behavior."); §42121(b)(2)(B)(iv)("Relief may not be ordered . . . if the employer demonstrates by clear and convincing evidence that the employer would have taken the same unfavorable personnel action in the absence of that behavior."). Regarding remedies, §1514A(c)(2) states that a successful claimant shall be entitled to "reinstatement with the same seniority status that the employee would have had, but for the discrimination," as well as "the amount of back pay, with interest." As the Solicitor General, for the United States as amicus curiae, observed, "It is difficult, if not impossible, to see how a contractor or subcontractor could provide those remedies to an employee of a public company." Brief for United States as Amicus Curiae 15. The most sensible reading of §1514A's numerous references to an employer-employee relationship between the respondent and the claimant is that the provision's protections run between contractors and their own employees. Remarkably, the dissent attributes to Congress a strange design. Under the dissent's "narrower" construction, post, at 2, 3, 4, 7, a public company's contractor may not retaliate against a public company's employees, academic here because the public company has no employees. According to the dissent, this coverage is necessary to prevent "a gaping hole" that would allow public companies to "evade §1514A simply by hiring a contractor to engage in the very retaliatory acts that an officer or employee could not." Post, at 10. This cannot be right—even if Congress had omitted any reference to contractors, subcontractors, or agents in §1514A, the remaining language surely would prohibit a public company from directing someone else to engage in retaliatory conduct against the public company's employees; hiring an ax-wielder to announce an employee's demotion does not change the fact that the public company is the entity commanding the demotion. Under the dissent's reading of §1514A, the inclusion of contractors as covered employers does no more than make the contractor secondarily liable for complying with such marching orders—hardly a hole at all. 10 There would be a huge hole, on the other hand, were the dissent's view of §1514A's reach to prevail: Contractors' employees would be disarmed; they would be vulnerableto retaliation by their employers for blowing the whistleon a scheme to defraud the public company's investors, even a scheme engineered entirely by the contractor. Not only would mutual fund advisers and managers escape §1514A's control. Legions of accountants and lawyers would be denied §1514A's protections. See infra, at 19–22. Instead of indulging in fanciful visions of whistleblowing babysitters and the like, post, at 1–2, 6, 12–13, 20, the dissent might pause to consider whether a Congress, prompted by the Enron debacle, would exclude from whistleblower protection countless professionals equipped to bring fraud on investors to a halt. We turn next to two textual arguments made by FMR. First, FMR urges that "an employee" must be read to refer exclusively to public company employees to avoid the absurd result of extending protection to the personal employees of company officers and employees, e.g., their housekeepers or gardeners. See Brief for Respondents 19–20;	[ 472, 29871, 29953, 29892, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29890, 5033, 29906, 5033, 29909, 29897, 8128, 393, 263, 5995, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 376, 845, 497, 367, 4095, 287, 1090, 278, 6865, 322, 28648, 731, 11483, 297, 4004, 29871, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29890, 29897, 310, 3611, 29871, 29946, 29929, 1699, 474, 29889, 29872, 1696, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 9418, 29899, 2267, 2606, 362, 25161, 29889, 17044, 449, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29890, 511, 278, 10049, 296, 338, 12992, 304, 408, 376, 1552, 5703, 261, 1213, 2823, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29890, 5033, 29906, 5033, 29933, 5033, 2236, 29897, 313, 1576, 17719, 4091, 451, 7512, 385, 22522, 964, 263, 3240, 2606, 362, 5995, 376, 361, 278, 5703, 261, 9004, 1078, 29892, 1609, 2821, 322, 17953, 3277, 10757, 29892, 393, 278, 5703, 261, 723, 505, 4586, 278, 1021, 29395, 17118, 519, 24127, 3158, 938, 354, 18070, 310, 393, 6030, 18327, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29890, 5033, 29906, 5033, 29933, 5033, 440, 29897, 703, 9662, 2575, 1122, 451, 367, 10372, 869, 869, 869, 565, 278, 5703, 261, 9004, 1078, 491, 2821, 322, 17953, 3277, 10757, 393, 278, 5703, 261, 723, 505, 4586, 278, 1021, 29395, 17118, 519, 24127, 3158, 297, 278, 18070, 310, 393, 6030, 1213, 467, 13, 4597, 20272, 1083, 287, 583, 29892, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29883, 5033, 29906, 29897, 5922, 393, 263, 9150, 5995, 424, 4091, 367, 23437, 304, 376, 276, 2611, 271, 882, 411, 278, 1021, 16336, 537, 4660, 393, 278, 19001, 723, 505, 750, 29892, 541, 363, 278, 2313, 5632, 3381, 1699, 408, 1532, 408, 376, 1552, 5253, 310, 1250, 5146, 29892, 411, 4066, 1213, 1094, 278, 4956, 293, 2105, 4593, 29892, 363, 278, 3303, 3900, 408, 626, 12473, 3151, 23395, 29892, 8900, 29892, 376, 3112, 338, 5189, 29892, 565, 451, 9301, 29892, 304, 1074, 920, 263, 8078, 272, 470, 1014, 1285, 28891, 1033, 3867, 1906, 1083, 287, 583, 304, 385, 19001, 310, 263, 970, 5001, 1213, 1771, 2575, 363, 3303, 3900, 408, 1913, 12473, 10837, 23395, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29889, 450, 1556, 25182, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 12727, 9282, 304, 385, 5703, 261, 29899, 26143, 9443, 1546, 278, 10049, 296, 322, 278, 5995, 424, 338, 393, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 3279, 1953, 1065, 1546, 8078, 943, 322, 1009, 1914, 22873, 29889, 13, 7301, 935, 2197, 29892, 278, 16317, 296, 8393, 304, 11559, 263, 8515, 2874, 29889, 7634, 278, 16317, 296, 29915, 29879, 376, 24156, 307, 556, 29908, 7632, 29892, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29955, 29892, 263, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 8078, 272, 1122, 451, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 263, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 22873, 29892, 21567, 1244, 1363, 278, 970, 5001, 756, 694, 22873, 29889, 7579, 304, 278, 16317, 296, 29892, 445, 23746, 338, 5181, 304, 5557, 376, 29874, 17261, 292, 16188, 29908, 393, 723, 2758, 970, 14582, 304, 376, 29872, 1564, 311, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 3763, 491, 298, 8491, 263, 8078, 272, 304, 3033, 482, 297, 278, 1407, 3240, 2606, 7606, 14741, 393, 385, 12139, 470, 19001, 1033, 451, 1213, 4918, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 910, 2609, 367, 1492, 30003, 11884, 565, 11559, 750, 25811, 738, 3407, 304, 8078, 943, 29892, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29892, 470, 19518, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 278, 9886, 4086, 18880, 723, 21460, 277, 263, 970, 5001, 515, 1513, 292, 4856, 1683, 304, 3033, 482, 297, 3240, 2606, 7606, 7512, 2750, 278, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 22873, 29936, 298, 8491, 385, 4853, 29899, 29893, 709, 672, 304, 7475, 346, 385, 19001, 29915, 29879, 1261, 8194, 947, 451, 1735, 278, 2114, 393, 278, 970, 5001, 338, 278, 7855, 1899, 292, 278, 1261, 8194, 29889, 7634, 278, 16317, 296, 29915, 29879, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 278, 28694, 310, 8078, 943, 408, 10664, 5703, 414, 947, 694, 901, 1135, 1207, 278, 8078, 272, 1473, 6275, 619, 519, 363, 752, 5890, 411, 1316, 8575, 292, 11299, 30003, 6800, 368, 263, 16188, 472, 599, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 13, 8439, 723, 367, 263, 12176, 16188, 29892, 373, 278, 916, 1361, 29892, 892, 278, 16317, 296, 29915, 29879, 1776, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 6159, 304, 12379, 737, 29901, 2866, 1461, 943, 29915, 22873, 723, 367, 766, 279, 2168, 29936, 896, 723, 367, 23180, 519, 517, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 1009, 5703, 414, 363, 13031, 292, 278, 377, 391, 280, 265, 263, 11380, 304, 822, 336, 566, 278, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 13258, 943, 29892, 1584, 263, 11380, 6012, 14561, 9186, 491, 278, 8078, 272, 29889, 2216, 871, 723, 5478, 950, 5220, 25228, 414, 322, 767, 18150, 10169, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 2761, 29889, 5682, 1080, 310, 3633, 1934, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 723, 367, 17935, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 3279, 1953, 29889, 2823, 3041, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29994, 29906, 29906, 29889, 8669, 310, 29156, 3460, 297, 285, 4564, 6845, 1998, 1080, 310, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 289, 370, 952, 277, 2153, 322, 278, 763, 29892, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29994, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29994, 29896, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29892, 278, 16317, 296, 1795, 19957, 304, 2050, 3692, 263, 11559, 29892, 9508, 287, 491, 278, 1174, 1617, 2553, 6436, 29892, 723, 19060, 515, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 2302, 2222, 6351, 1338, 1592, 16242, 304, 6963, 5227, 566, 373, 13258, 943, 304, 263, 25212, 29889, 13, 4806, 2507, 2446, 304, 1023, 1426, 950, 6273, 1754, 491, 20499, 29934, 29889, 3824, 29892, 20499, 29934, 5065, 2710, 393, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 1818, 367, 1303, 304, 2737, 13489, 3598, 304, 970, 5001, 22873, 304, 4772, 278, 6425, 18245, 1121, 310, 23771, 13047, 304, 278, 7333, 22873, 310, 5001, 13049, 322, 22873, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 1009, 3699, 17462, 414, 470, 16423, 414, 29889, 2823, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29994, 29906, 29900, 29936 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.22748	1.44378	-0.479457	-0.019226
post, at 1–2, 6, 12–13, 20. Plaintiffs and the Solicitor General do not defend §1514A's application to personal employees. They argue, instead, that the prohibition against an "officer" or "employee" retaliating against "an employee" may be read as imposing personal liability only on officers and employees who retaliate against other public company employees. Brief for Petitioners 12; Brief for United States as Amicus Curiae 16. 11 FMR calls this reading "bizarre," for it would ascribe to the words "an employee" in §1514A(a) "one meaning if the respondent is an 'officer' and a different meaning if the respondent is a 'contractor.' " Brief for Respondents 20–21. We agree with FMR that plaintiffs and the Solicitor General offer an interpretation at odds with the text Congress enacted. If, as we hold, "an employee" includes employees of contractors, then grammatically, the term also includes employees of public company officers and employees. Nothing suggests Congress' attention was drawn to the curiosity its drafting produced. The issue, however, is likely more theoretical than real. Few housekeepers or gardeners, we suspect, are likely to come upon and comprehend evidence of their employer's complicity in fraud. In any event, FMR's point is outweighed by the compelling arguments opposing FMR's contention that "an employee" refers simply and only to public company employees. See supra, at 9–14. See also infra, at 23–24 (limiting principles may serve as check against overbroad applications). Second, FMR argues that the statutory headings support the exclusion of contractor employees from §1514A's protections. Although §1514A's own heading is broad ("Civil action to protect against retaliation in fraud cases"), subsection (a) is captioned "Whistleblower Protection for Employees of Publicly Traded Companies." Similarly, the relevant public law section, §806 of Sarbanes-Oxley, is captioned "Protection for Employees of Publicly Traded Companies Who Provide Evidence of Fraud." 116 Stat. 802. The Court of Appeals described the latter two headings as "explicit guides" limiting protection under §1514A to employees of public companies. 670 F. 3d, at 69. This Court has placed less weight on captions. In Trainmen v. Baltimore & Ohio R. Co., 331 U. S. 519 (1947) , we explained that where, as here, "the [statutory] text is complicated and prolific, headings and titles can do no more than indicate the provisions in a most general manner." Id., at 528. The under-inclusiveness of the two headings relied on by the Court of Appeals is apparent. The provision indisputably extends protection to employees of companies that file reports with the SEC pursuant to §15(d) of the 1934 Act, even when such companies are not "publicly traded." And the activity protected under §1514A is not limited to "provid[ing] evidence of fraud"; it also includes reporting violations of SEC rules or regulations. §1514A(a)(1). As in Trainmen, the headings here are "but a short-hand reference to the general subject matter" of the provision, "not meant to take the place of the detailed provisions of the text." 331 U. S., at 528. Section 1514A is attended by numerous indicators that the statute's prohibitions govern the relationship between a contractor and its own employees; we do not read the headings to "undo or limit" those signals. Id., at 529. 12 Our textual analysis of §1514A fits the provision's purpose. It is common ground that Congress installed whistleblower protection in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act as one means to ward off another Enron debacle. S. Rep., at 2–11. And, as the ARB observed in Spinner, "Congress plainly recognized that outside professionals—	[ 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29994, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29994, 29896, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29889, 13494, 524, 28324, 322, 278, 4956, 293, 2105, 4593, 437, 451, 24663, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 2280, 304, 7333, 22873, 29889, 2688, 27754, 29892, 2012, 29892, 393, 278, 21460, 654, 2750, 385, 376, 29877, 2416, 261, 29908, 470, 376, 26143, 29908, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 1122, 367, 1303, 408, 7275, 292, 7333, 619, 3097, 871, 373, 13049, 322, 22873, 1058, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 916, 970, 5001, 22873, 29889, 1771, 2575, 363, 5879, 654, 414, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29936, 1771, 2575, 363, 3303, 3900, 408, 1913, 12473, 10837, 23395, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29896, 20499, 29934, 5717, 445, 5183, 376, 29890, 15356, 276, 1699, 363, 372, 723, 408, 29581, 304, 278, 3838, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 376, 650, 6593, 565, 278, 10049, 296, 338, 385, 525, 29877, 2416, 261, 29915, 322, 263, 1422, 6593, 565, 278, 10049, 296, 338, 263, 525, 1285, 28891, 6169, 376, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29994, 29906, 29896, 29889, 13, 4806, 8661, 411, 20499, 29934, 393, 2174, 524, 28324, 322, 278, 4956, 293, 2105, 4593, 5957, 385, 19854, 472, 7736, 29879, 411, 278, 1426, 11559, 427, 627, 287, 29889, 960, 29892, 408, 591, 4808, 29892, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 7805, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 29892, 769, 14961, 20300, 29892, 278, 1840, 884, 7805, 22873, 310, 970, 5001, 13049, 322, 22873, 29889, 9531, 14661, 11559, 29915, 8570, 471, 12061, 304, 278, 27742, 967, 18195, 292, 7371, 29889, 450, 2228, 29892, 3138, 29892, 338, 5517, 901, 23399, 1135, 1855, 29889, 383, 809, 3699, 17462, 414, 470, 16423, 414, 29892, 591, 12326, 29892, 526, 5517, 304, 2041, 2501, 322, 15171, 355, 10757, 310, 1009, 5703, 261, 29915, 29879, 752, 17024, 297, 5227, 566, 29889, 512, 738, 1741, 29892, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 1298, 338, 714, 705, 25398, 491, 278, 752, 7807, 6273, 9209, 292, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 640, 2509, 393, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 14637, 3763, 322, 871, 304, 970, 5001, 22873, 29889, 2823, 13159, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29929, 29994, 29896, 29946, 29889, 2823, 884, 3041, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29941, 29994, 29906, 29946, 313, 2576, 11407, 18671, 1122, 9080, 408, 1423, 2750, 975, 6729, 328, 8324, 467, 13, 11863, 29892, 20499, 29934, 1852, 1041, 393, 278, 1002, 329, 706, 2343, 886, 2304, 278, 429, 10085, 310, 8078, 272, 22873, 515, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 3279, 1953, 29889, 8512, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 1914, 28435, 338, 7300, 4852, 29907, 5341, 3158, 304, 12566, 2750, 3240, 2606, 362, 297, 5227, 566, 4251, 4968, 1014, 2042, 313, 29874, 29897, 338, 5777, 683, 287, 376, 8809, 391, 19982, 13609, 14409, 428, 363, 7361, 2376, 12712, 310, 5236, 368, 1605, 11932, 3831, 273, 583, 1213, 20175, 29892, 278, 8018, 970, 4307, 4004, 29892, 16683, 29947, 29900, 29953, 310, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 29892, 338, 5777, 683, 287, 376, 1184, 371, 428, 363, 7361, 2376, 12712, 310, 5236, 368, 1605, 11932, 3831, 273, 583, 11644, 9133, 680, 7298, 5084, 310, 7347, 566, 1213, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29953, 6666, 29889, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29906, 29889, 450, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 5439, 278, 7480, 1023, 2343, 886, 408, 376, 4548, 4019, 1410, 2247, 29908, 4046, 292, 13047, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29955, 29900, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29892, 472, 29871, 29953, 29929, 29889, 13, 4013, 9245, 756, 7180, 3109, 7688, 373, 5777, 1980, 29889, 512, 28186, 1527, 325, 29889, 26767, 669, 15821, 390, 29889, 3189, 1696, 29871, 29941, 29941, 29896, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29945, 29896, 29929, 313, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29955, 29897, 1919, 591, 10824, 393, 988, 29892, 408, 1244, 29892, 376, 1552, 518, 6112, 329, 706, 29962, 1426, 338, 12092, 322, 410, 29880, 928, 29892, 2343, 886, 322, 17735, 508, 437, 694, 901, 1135, 12266, 278, 1326, 12112, 297, 263, 1556, 2498, 8214, 1213, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29945, 29906, 29947, 29889, 450, 1090, 29899, 262, 7009, 20193, 310, 278, 1023, 2343, 886, 337, 2957, 373, 491, 278, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 338, 20295, 29889, 450, 25161, 1399, 275, 649, 2197, 4988, 13047, 304, 22873, 310, 14582, 393, 934, 13676, 411, 278, 3725, 29907, 12359, 29884, 424, 304, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 310, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 3185, 29892, 1584, 746, 1316, 14582, 526, 451, 376, 3597, 368, 3534, 287, 1213, 1126, 278, 6354, 6364, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 451, 9078, 304, 376, 771, 8590, 29961, 292, 29962, 10757, 310, 5227, 566, 1769, 372, 884, 7805, 23415, 5537, 800, 310, 3725, 29907, 6865, 470, 1072, 8250, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29896, 467, 1094, 297, 28186, 1527, 29892, 278, 2343, 886, 1244, 526, 376, 4187, 263, 3273, 29899, 3179, 3407, 304, 278, 2498, 4967, 4383, 29908, 310, 278, 25161, 29892, 376, 1333, 6839, 304, 2125, 278, 2058, 310, 278, 13173, 1326, 12112, 310, 278, 1426, 1213, 29871, 29941, 29941, 29896, 501, 29889, 317, 1696, 472, 29871, 29945, 29906, 29947, 29889, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 14283, 491, 12727, 4221, 4097, 393, 278, 1002, 1082, 29915, 29879, 21460, 2187, 4095, 278, 9443, 1546, 263, 8078, 272, 322, 967, 1914, 22873, 29936, 591, 437, 451, 1303, 278, 2343, 886, 304, 376, 6201, 470, 4046, 29908, 1906, 18470, 29889, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29945, 29906, 29929, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29906, 13, 29949, 332, 1426, 950, 7418, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 23994, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 6437, 29889, 739, 338, 3619, 5962, 393, 11559, 5130, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 297, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 408, 697, 2794, 304, 281, 538, 1283, 1790, 1174, 1617, 2553, 6436, 29889, 317, 29889, 10088, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29994, 29896, 29896, 29889, 1126, 29892, 408, 278, 9033, 29933, 8900, 297, 1706, 3993, 29892, 376, 29907, 549, 1253, 8656, 368, 14831, 393, 5377, 6351, 1338, 30003 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.041934	1.256899	-0.128994	0.296993
ac-countants, law firms, contractors, agents, and the like—were complicit in, if not integral to, the shareholder fraud and subsequent cover-up [Enron] officers . . . perpetrated." ALJ No. 2010–SOX–029, pp. 12–13. Indeed, the Senate Report demonstrates that Congress was as focused on the role of Enron's outside contractors in facilitating the fraud as it was on the actions of Enron's own officers. See, e.g., S. Rep., at 3 (fraud "occurred with extensive participation and structuring advice from Arthur Andersen . . . which was simultaneously serving as both consultant and independent auditor for Enron" (internal quotation marks and brackets omitted)); id., at 4 ("professionals from accounting firms, law firms and business consulting firms, who were paid millions to advise Enron on these practices, assured others that Enron was a solid investment"); id., at 4–5 (team of Andersen employees were tasked with destroying "physical evidence and documents" relating to Enron's fraud); id., at 5 ("Enron and Andersen were taking advantage of a system that allowed them to behave in an apparently fraudulent manner"); id., at 11 (Enron's fraud partly attributable to "the well-paid professionals who helped create, carry out, and cover up the complicated corporate ruse when they should have been raising concerns"); id., at 20–21 ("Enron's accountants and lawyers brought all their skills and knowledge to bear in assisting the fraud to succeed and then in covering it up."). Also clear from the legislative record is Congress' understanding that outside professionals bear significant responsibility for reporting fraud by the public companies with whom they contract, and that fear of retaliation was the primary deterrent to such reporting by the employ-ees of Enron's contractors. Congressional investigators discovered ample evidence of contractors demoting or dis-charging employees they have engaged who jeopardized the contractor's business relationship with Enron by objecting to Enron's financial practices. See, e.g., Oppel, Merrill Replaced Research Analyst Who Upset Enron, N. Y. Times, July 30, 2002, p. A1 ("In the summer of 1998, when it was eager to win more investment banking business from Enron, Merrill Lynch replaced a research analyst who had angered Enron executives by rating the company's stock 'neutral' with an analyst who soon upgraded the rating, according to Congressional investi-gators."); Yost, Andersen Whistleblower Was Removed, Associated Press (Apr. 3, 2002) (Congressional investigation reveals that Andersen removed one of its partners from its Enron team after Enron officials expressed unhappiness with the partner's questioning of certain accounting practices); Oppel, The Man Who Paid the Price for Sizing up Enron, N. Y. Times, Mar. 27, 2002, p. C1 ("Enron executives pressed UBS PaineWebber to take action against a broker who advised some Enron employees to sell their shares in August and was fired by the brokerage firm within hours of the complaint, accordingto e-mail messages released today by Congressionalinvestigators."). In the same vein, two of the four examples of whistleblower retaliation recounted in the Senate Report involved outside professionals retaliated against by their own employers. S. Rep., at 5 (on Andersen and UBS Paine-Webber employees); see also id., at 4–5 (Andersen employees who "attempted to report or 'blow the whistle' on [Enron's] fraud . . . were discouraged at nearly every turn"). Emphasizing the importance of outside professionals as "gatekeepers who detect and deter fraud," the Senate Report concludes: "Congress must reconsider the incentive system that has been set up that encourages accountants and lawyers who come across fraud in their work to remain silent." Id., at 20–21. From this legislative history, one can safely conclude that Congress enacted §1514A aiming to encourage whistleblowing by contractor employees	[ 562, 29899, 2798, 1934, 29892, 4307, 13734, 1516, 29892, 8078, 943, 29892, 19518, 29892, 322, 278, 763, 30003, 29893, 406, 752, 4019, 297, 29892, 565, 451, 10160, 304, 29892, 278, 6232, 7694, 5227, 566, 322, 15352, 4612, 29899, 786, 518, 2369, 1617, 29962, 13049, 869, 869, 869, 25722, 29878, 630, 1213, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29929, 29892, 6499, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29994, 29896, 29941, 29889, 14598, 29892, 278, 18148, 13969, 9004, 1078, 393, 11559, 471, 408, 21309, 373, 278, 6297, 310, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 5377, 8078, 943, 297, 16089, 277, 1218, 278, 5227, 566, 408, 372, 471, 373, 278, 8820, 310, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 1914, 13049, 29889, 2823, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 317, 29889, 10088, 1696, 472, 29871, 29941, 313, 20910, 566, 376, 542, 2764, 1127, 411, 20607, 27577, 322, 2281, 3864, 9848, 515, 11498, 19897, 264, 869, 869, 869, 607, 471, 21699, 16330, 408, 1716, 8799, 424, 322, 7417, 12990, 2105, 363, 1174, 1617, 29908, 313, 7564, 13911, 362, 17997, 322, 20476, 25811, 2483, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29946, 4852, 23221, 1211, 1338, 515, 3633, 292, 13734, 1516, 29892, 4307, 13734, 1516, 322, 5381, 8799, 292, 13734, 1516, 29892, 1058, 892, 12530, 14746, 304, 22939, 1174, 1617, 373, 1438, 23274, 29892, 28715, 4045, 393, 1174, 1617, 471, 263, 7773, 13258, 358, 1496, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29946, 29994, 29945, 313, 14318, 310, 19897, 264, 22873, 892, 3414, 287, 411, 8174, 292, 376, 14017, 936, 10757, 322, 10701, 29908, 1104, 1218, 304, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 5227, 566, 416, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29945, 4852, 2369, 1617, 322, 19897, 264, 892, 5622, 10631, 310, 263, 1788, 393, 6068, 963, 304, 23389, 297, 385, 13229, 5227, 566, 352, 296, 8214, 1496, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29896, 29896, 313, 2369, 1617, 29915, 29879, 5227, 566, 22669, 1098, 1091, 9246, 304, 376, 1552, 1532, 29899, 3274, 333, 6351, 1338, 1058, 9213, 1653, 29892, 8677, 714, 29892, 322, 4612, 701, 278, 12092, 17266, 403, 364, 1509, 746, 896, 881, 505, 1063, 29263, 21838, 1496, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29994, 29906, 29896, 4852, 2369, 1617, 29915, 29879, 3633, 1934, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 6296, 599, 1009, 25078, 322, 7134, 304, 11460, 297, 6985, 292, 278, 5227, 566, 304, 9269, 322, 769, 297, 21653, 372, 701, 1213, 467, 13, 17351, 2821, 515, 278, 13332, 1230, 2407, 338, 11559, 29915, 8004, 393, 5377, 6351, 1338, 11460, 7282, 23134, 363, 23415, 5227, 566, 491, 278, 970, 14582, 411, 6029, 896, 8078, 29892, 322, 393, 8866, 310, 3240, 2606, 362, 471, 278, 7601, 270, 1308, 7771, 304, 1316, 23415, 491, 278, 5703, 29899, 12712, 310, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 8078, 943, 29889, 6005, 29878, 15750, 7405, 4097, 10943, 626, 552, 10757, 310, 8078, 943, 1261, 11427, 470, 766, 29899, 25389, 292, 22873, 896, 505, 17785, 1058, 1444, 459, 538, 1891, 278, 8078, 272, 29915, 29879, 5381, 9443, 411, 1174, 1617, 491, 1203, 292, 304, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 18161, 23274, 29889, 2823, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 438, 17344, 29892, 341, 3127, 453, 10088, 433, 1133, 10550, 11597, 858, 11644, 501, 567, 300, 1174, 1617, 29892, 405, 29889, 612, 29889, 10277, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29892, 282, 29889, 319, 29896, 4852, 797, 278, 11801, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29947, 29892, 746, 372, 471, 19888, 304, 5401, 901, 13258, 358, 9124, 292, 5381, 515, 1174, 1617, 29892, 341, 3127, 453, 18989, 305, 8611, 263, 5925, 3483, 858, 1058, 750, 27343, 287, 1174, 1617, 6704, 3145, 491, 21700, 278, 5001, 29915, 29879, 10961, 525, 17821, 1705, 29915, 411, 385, 3483, 858, 1058, 4720, 20337, 287, 278, 21700, 29892, 5034, 304, 6005, 29878, 15750, 2437, 11521, 29899, 29887, 4097, 18327, 612, 520, 29892, 19897, 264, 806, 391, 19982, 13609, 12547, 5240, 8238, 29892, 6853, 630, 5254, 313, 29909, 558, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29897, 313, 29907, 549, 29878, 15750, 22522, 10320, 1338, 393, 19897, 264, 6206, 697, 310, 967, 22056, 515, 967, 1174, 1617, 3815, 1156, 1174, 1617, 24921, 13384, 28859, 932, 3335, 411, 278, 18096, 29915, 29879, 1139, 292, 310, 3058, 3633, 292, 23274, 416, 438, 17344, 29892, 450, 2315, 11644, 2621, 333, 278, 20743, 363, 317, 5281, 701, 1174, 1617, 29892, 405, 29889, 612, 29889, 10277, 29892, 1085, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29892, 282, 29889, 315, 29896, 4852, 2369, 1617, 6704, 3145, 15385, 501, 9851, 2621, 457, 3609, 495, 304, 2125, 3158, 2750, 263, 2545, 3946, 1058, 594, 11292, 777, 1174, 1617, 22873, 304, 19417, 1009, 29358, 297, 3111, 322, 471, 17285, 491, 278, 2545, 3946, 482, 9226, 2629, 6199, 310, 278, 15313, 524, 29892, 5034, 517, 321, 29899, 2549, 7191, 5492, 9826, 491, 6005, 29878, 15750, 11569, 5286, 4097, 1213, 467, 13, 797, 278, 1021, 2453, 262, 29892, 1023, 310, 278, 3023, 6455, 310, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 3240, 2606, 362, 1162, 792, 287, 297, 278, 18148, 13969, 9701, 5377, 6351, 1338, 3240, 2606, 630, 2750, 491, 1009, 1914, 5703, 414, 29889, 317, 29889, 10088, 1696, 472, 29871, 29945, 313, 265, 19897, 264, 322, 501, 9851, 2621, 457, 29899, 3609, 495, 22873, 416, 1074, 884, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29946, 29994, 29945, 313, 2855, 414, 264, 22873, 1058, 376, 1131, 3456, 287, 304, 3461, 470, 525, 29890, 677, 278, 377, 391, 280, 29915, 373, 518, 2369, 1617, 29915, 29879, 29962, 5227, 566, 869, 869, 869, 892, 2313, 283, 1431, 287, 472, 8886, 1432, 2507, 2564, 2812, 16130, 5281, 278, 13500, 310, 5377, 6351, 1338, 408, 376, 17062, 17462, 414, 1058, 6459, 322, 270, 1308, 5227, 566, 1699, 278, 18148, 13969, 378, 27722, 29901, 376, 29907, 549, 1253, 1818, 337, 3200, 1241, 278, 297, 1760, 573, 1788, 393, 756, 1063, 731, 701, 393, 18443, 267, 3633, 1934, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 1058, 2041, 4822, 5227, 566, 297, 1009, 664, 304, 3933, 17436, 1213, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29994, 29906, 29896, 29889, 3645, 445, 13332, 1230, 4955, 29892, 697, 508, 23511, 17668, 393, 11559, 427, 627, 287, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 12242, 292, 304, 13731, 6617, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 491, 8078, 272, 22873 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.040321	1.355531	1.299308	0.390594
who suspect fraud involving the public companies with whom they work. 13 FMR argues that Congress addressed its concerns about the role of outside accountants and lawyers in facilitating Enron's wrongdoing, not in §1514A, but exclusively in other provisions of Sarbanes-Oxley "directly regulat[ing] accountants and lawyers." Brief for Respondents 40. In particular, FMR points to sections of the Act requiring accountants and lawyers for public companies to investigate and report misconduct, or risk being banned from further practice before the SEC. Id., at 41 (citing 15 U. S. C. §§7215(c)(4), 7245). These requirements, however, indicate why Congress would have wanted to extend §1514A's coverage to the many lawyers and accountants who perform outside work for public companies. Although lawyers and accountants are subject to extensive regulations and sanctions throughout Sarbanes-Oxley, no provision of the Act other than §1514A affords them protection from retaliation by their employers for complying with the Act's reporting requirements. 14 In short, we cannot countenance the position advanced by FMR and the dissent, see post, at 14–16, that Congress intended to leave these professionals vulnerable to discharge or other retaliatory action for complying with the law. Our reading of §1514A avoids insulating the entire mutual fund industry from §1514A, as FMR's and the dissent's "narrower construction" would do. As companies "required to file reports under section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934," 18 U. S. C. §1514A(a), mutual funds unquestionably are governed by §1514A. Because mutual funds figure prominently among such report-filing companies, Congress presumably had them in mind when it added to "publicly traded companies" the discrete category of companies "required to file reports under section 15(d)." Virtually all mutual funds are structured so that they have no employees of their own; they are managed, instead, by independent investment advisers. See S. Rep. No. 91–184, p. 5 (1969) (accompanying the 1970 amendments to the Investment Company Act of 1940). The United States investment advising industry manages $14.7 trillion on behalf of nearly 94 million investors. See 2013 Investment Company Fact Book 7 (53d ed.), available at http://www.icifactbook.org/pdf/2013_factbook.pdf (as visited Feb. 20, 2014, and available in Clerk of Court's case file). These investment advisers, under our reading of §1514A, are contractors prohibited from retaliating against their own employees for engaging in whistleblowing activity. This construction protects the "insiders [who] are the only firsthand witnesses to the [shareholder] fraud." S. Rep., at 10. Under FMR's and the dissent's reading, in contrast, §1514A has no application to mutual funds, for all of the potential whistleblowers are employed by the privately held investment management companies, not by the mutual funds themselves. See Brief for Respondents 45 (describing this glaring gap as "merely a consequence of the corporate structure" of mutual funds). The Court of Appeals found exclusion of the mutual fund industry from §1514A tenable because mutual funds and their investment advisers are separately regulated under the Investment Company Act of 1940, 15 U. S. C. §80a–1 et seq., the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, 15 U. S. C. §80b–1 et seq., and elsewhere in Sarbanes-Oxley. 670 F. 3d, at 72–73. See also post, at 16–17, n. 10. But this separate regulation does not remove the problem, for nowhere	[ 1058, 12326, 5227, 566, 21677, 278, 970, 14582, 411, 6029, 896, 664, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29941, 13, 29943, 21055, 1852, 1041, 393, 11559, 20976, 967, 21838, 1048, 278, 6297, 310, 5377, 3633, 1934, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 297, 16089, 277, 1218, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 2743, 1867, 292, 29892, 451, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 541, 13489, 3598, 297, 916, 1326, 12112, 310, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 376, 11851, 368, 24378, 271, 29961, 292, 29962, 3633, 1934, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 1213, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29946, 29900, 29889, 512, 3153, 29892, 20499, 29934, 3291, 304, 13926, 310, 278, 3185, 26795, 3633, 1934, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 363, 970, 14582, 304, 23033, 322, 3461, 3984, 535, 2199, 29892, 470, 12045, 1641, 289, 11310, 515, 4340, 6944, 1434, 278, 3725, 29907, 29889, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29946, 29896, 313, 29883, 11407, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 30152, 29955, 29906, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29883, 5033, 29946, 511, 29871, 29955, 29906, 29946, 29945, 467, 4525, 11780, 29892, 3138, 29892, 12266, 2020, 11559, 723, 505, 5131, 304, 10985, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 23746, 304, 278, 1784, 4307, 29891, 414, 322, 3633, 1934, 1058, 2189, 5377, 664, 363, 970, 14582, 29889, 8512, 4307, 29891, 414, 322, 3633, 1934, 526, 4967, 304, 20607, 1072, 8250, 322, 9753, 1953, 10106, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 29892, 694, 25161, 310, 278, 3185, 916, 1135, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 2756, 4339, 963, 13047, 515, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 1009, 5703, 414, 363, 752, 5890, 411, 278, 3185, 29915, 29879, 23415, 11780, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29946, 512, 3273, 29892, 591, 2609, 2302, 264, 749, 278, 2602, 12862, 491, 20499, 29934, 322, 278, 16317, 296, 29892, 1074, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29994, 29896, 29953, 29892, 393, 11559, 9146, 304, 5967, 1438, 6351, 1338, 23180, 519, 304, 766, 23367, 470, 916, 3240, 2606, 7606, 3158, 363, 752, 5890, 411, 278, 4307, 29889, 13, 29949, 332, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 4772, 29879, 1663, 18099, 278, 4152, 5478, 950, 5220, 13661, 515, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 408, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 322, 278, 16317, 296, 29915, 29879, 376, 24156, 307, 556, 7632, 29908, 723, 437, 29889, 1094, 14582, 376, 12403, 304, 934, 13676, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 310, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 24004, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 1699, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 511, 5478, 950, 29199, 443, 12470, 2197, 526, 4095, 287, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 7311, 5478, 950, 29199, 4377, 2504, 262, 2705, 4249, 1316, 3461, 29899, 1777, 292, 14582, 29892, 11559, 2225, 24873, 750, 963, 297, 3458, 746, 372, 2715, 304, 376, 3597, 368, 3534, 287, 14582, 29908, 278, 19554, 7663, 310, 14582, 376, 12403, 304, 934, 13676, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 467, 29908, 13, 29963, 2728, 1474, 599, 5478, 950, 29199, 526, 2281, 2955, 577, 393, 896, 505, 694, 22873, 310, 1009, 1914, 29936, 896, 526, 8745, 29892, 2012, 29892, 491, 7417, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 29889, 2823, 317, 29889, 10088, 29889, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29929, 29896, 29994, 29896, 29947, 29946, 29892, 282, 29889, 29871, 29945, 313, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29929, 29897, 313, 562, 14518, 292, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29900, 626, 355, 1860, 304, 278, 512, 10147, 358, 6938, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29900, 467, 450, 3303, 3900, 13258, 358, 25228, 292, 13661, 767, 1179, 395, 29896, 29946, 29889, 29955, 534, 453, 291, 373, 2306, 3131, 310, 8886, 29871, 29929, 29946, 7284, 13258, 943, 29889, 2823, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 512, 10147, 358, 6938, 26748, 6726, 29871, 29955, 313, 29945, 29941, 29881, 1226, 9774, 3625, 472, 1732, 597, 1636, 29889, 293, 7060, 2909, 29889, 990, 29914, 5140, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 29918, 17028, 2909, 29889, 5140, 313, 294, 16669, 26319, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29892, 322, 3625, 297, 315, 1358, 29895, 310, 9245, 29915, 29879, 1206, 934, 467, 4525, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 29892, 1090, 1749, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 526, 8078, 943, 21460, 1573, 515, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 1009, 1914, 22873, 363, 3033, 6751, 297, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 6354, 29889, 910, 7632, 12566, 29879, 278, 376, 1144, 11376, 518, 15970, 29962, 526, 278, 871, 937, 3179, 16277, 267, 304, 278, 518, 13653, 7694, 29962, 5227, 566, 1213, 317, 29889, 10088, 1696, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 7634, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 322, 278, 16317, 296, 29915, 29879, 5183, 29892, 297, 12814, 29892, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 756, 694, 2280, 304, 5478, 950, 29199, 29892, 363, 599, 310, 278, 7037, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 414, 526, 15723, 491, 278, 5999, 2486, 4934, 13258, 358, 10643, 14582, 29892, 451, 491, 278, 5478, 950, 29199, 6053, 29889, 2823, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29946, 29945, 313, 2783, 699, 10549, 445, 3144, 4362, 17261, 408, 376, 1050, 873, 263, 17004, 310, 278, 17266, 403, 3829, 29908, 310, 5478, 950, 29199, 467, 13, 1576, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 1476, 429, 10085, 310, 278, 5478, 950, 5220, 13661, 515, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 3006, 519, 1363, 5478, 950, 29199, 322, 1009, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 526, 16949, 1072, 7964, 1090, 278, 512, 10147, 358, 6938, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29947, 29900, 29874, 29994, 29896, 634, 19359, 1696, 278, 512, 10147, 358, 2087, 1730, 414, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29947, 29900, 29890, 29994, 29896, 634, 19359, 1696, 322, 17551, 297, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29955, 29900, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29892, 472, 29871, 29955, 29906, 29994, 29955, 29941, 29889, 2823, 884, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29994, 29896, 29955, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 1205, 445, 5004, 1072, 2785, 947, 451, 3349, 278, 1108, 29892, 363, 1286, 4150 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.03321	1.412633	0.313035	0.256517
else in these legislative measures are investment management employees afforded whistleblower protection. Section 1514A alone shields them from retaliation for bringing fraud to light. Indeed, affording whistleblower protection to mutual fund investment advisers is crucial to Sarbanes-Oxley's endeavor to "protect investors by improving the accuracy and reliability of corporate disclosures made pursuant to the securities laws." 116Stat. 745. As plaintiffs observe, these disclosures are written, not by anyone at the mutual funds themselves, but by employees of the investment advisers. "Under FMR's [and the dissent's] proposed in-terpretation of section 1514A, FMR could dismiss any FMR employee who disclosed to the directors of or lawyers for the Fidelity funds that there were material falsehoods in the documents being filed by FMR with the SEC in the name of those funds." Reply Brief 13. It is implausible that Congress intended to leave such an employee remediless. See id., at 14. Unable credibly to contest the glaring under-inclusiveness of the "narrower reading" FMR urges, the dissent emphasizes instead FMR's claim that the reading of §1514A we adopt is all too inclusive. See post, at 1–2, 6, 12–13, 20–21. FMR's amici also press this point, observing that the activity protected under §1514A(a)(1) encompasses reporting not only securities fraud ( 18 U. S. C. §1348), but also mail, wire, and bank fraud (§§1341, 1343, 1344). Including contractor employees in the protected class, they therefore assert, could "cas[t] a wide net over employees who have no exposure to investor-related activities and thus could not possibly assist in detecting investor fraud." Brief for Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America as Amicus Curiae 3. See also Brief for Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association as Amicus Curiae 7–16. There is scant evidence, however, that these floodgate-opening concerns are more than hypothetical. DOL's regulations have interpreted §1514A as protecting contractor employees for almost a decade. 15 See 69 Fed. Reg. 52105–52106 (2004). Yet no "narrower construction" advocate has identified even a single case in which the employee of a private contractor has asserted a §1514A claim based on allegations unrelated to shareholder fraud. FMR's parade of horribles rests solely on Lockheed Martin Corp. v. ARB, 717 F. 3d 1121 (CA10 2013), a case involving mail and wire fraud claims asserted by an employee of a public company—i.e., claims in no way affected by today's decision. The dissent's fears that household employees and others, on learning of today's decision, will be prompted to pursue retaliation claims, post, at 13, and that OSHA will find them meritorious under §1514A, seem to us unwarranted. If we are wrong, however, Congress can easily fix the problem by amending §1514A explicitly to remove personal employees of public company officers and employees from the provision's reach. But it would thwart Congress' dominant aim if contractors were taken off the hook for retaliating against their whistleblowing employees, just to avoid the unlikely prospect that babysitters, nannies, gardeners, and the like will flood OSHA with §1514A complaints. Plaintiffs and the Solicitor General observe that overbreadth problems may be resolved by various limit-ing principles. They point specifically to the word"contractor." Plaintiffs note that in "common parlance," "contractor" does not extend to every fleeting business relationship. Instead, the word "refers to a party whose performance of a contract will take place over a significant period of time." Reply Brief 16. See also Fleszar v.	[ 1683, 297, 1438, 13332, 1230, 15366, 526, 13258, 358, 10643, 22873, 21750, 287, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 29889, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 7432, 28761, 29879, 963, 515, 3240, 2606, 362, 363, 20794, 5227, 566, 304, 3578, 29889, 13, 2568, 12613, 29892, 2756, 3278, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 304, 5478, 950, 5220, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 338, 7618, 1455, 304, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 29915, 29879, 19981, 17118, 304, 376, 14676, 312, 13258, 943, 491, 4857, 1747, 278, 13600, 322, 12536, 3097, 310, 17266, 403, 766, 11291, 1973, 1754, 12359, 29884, 424, 304, 278, 409, 2764, 1907, 14243, 1213, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29953, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29946, 29945, 29889, 1094, 2174, 524, 28324, 14111, 29892, 1438, 766, 11291, 1973, 526, 3971, 29892, 451, 491, 5019, 472, 278, 5478, 950, 29199, 6053, 29892, 541, 491, 22873, 310, 278, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 29889, 376, 29177, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 518, 392, 278, 16317, 296, 29915, 29879, 29962, 7972, 297, 29899, 357, 19819, 362, 310, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 20499, 29934, 1033, 18918, 738, 20499, 29934, 19001, 1058, 766, 15603, 304, 278, 1513, 943, 310, 470, 4307, 29891, 414, 363, 278, 383, 10652, 537, 29199, 393, 727, 892, 5518, 2089, 6614, 29879, 297, 278, 10701, 1641, 934, 29881, 491, 20499, 29934, 411, 278, 3725, 29907, 297, 278, 1024, 310, 1906, 29199, 1213, 10088, 368, 1771, 2575, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29889, 739, 338, 2411, 15273, 1821, 393, 11559, 9146, 304, 5967, 1316, 385, 19001, 1083, 287, 309, 404, 29889, 2823, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29889, 13, 2525, 519, 6625, 14981, 304, 17793, 278, 3144, 4362, 1090, 29899, 262, 7009, 20193, 310, 278, 376, 24156, 307, 556, 5183, 29908, 20499, 29934, 5065, 2710, 29892, 278, 16317, 296, 19310, 7093, 2012, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 5995, 393, 278, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 591, 9332, 338, 599, 2086, 20978, 573, 29889, 2823, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29994, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29994, 29896, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29994, 29906, 29896, 29889, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 626, 1654, 884, 3965, 445, 1298, 29892, 5366, 1747, 393, 278, 6354, 6364, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29896, 29897, 427, 2388, 465, 267, 23415, 451, 871, 409, 2764, 1907, 5227, 566, 313, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29941, 29946, 29947, 511, 541, 884, 10524, 29892, 8014, 29892, 322, 9124, 5227, 566, 313, 30152, 30152, 29896, 29941, 29946, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29946, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29946, 29946, 467, 512, 22368, 8078, 272, 22873, 297, 278, 6364, 770, 29892, 896, 5480, 4974, 29892, 1033, 376, 9398, 29961, 29873, 29962, 263, 9377, 7787, 975, 22873, 1058, 505, 694, 14060, 545, 304, 13258, 272, 29899, 12817, 14188, 322, 4550, 1033, 451, 10075, 6985, 297, 6459, 292, 13258, 272, 5227, 566, 1213, 1771, 2575, 363, 25037, 310, 422, 15667, 310, 278, 3303, 3900, 310, 6813, 408, 1913, 12473, 10837, 23395, 29871, 29941, 29889, 2823, 884, 1771, 2575, 363, 5356, 332, 1907, 12157, 719, 322, 4231, 273, 1455, 4485, 1691, 7993, 408, 1913, 12473, 10837, 23395, 29871, 29955, 29994, 29896, 29953, 29889, 13, 8439, 338, 885, 424, 10757, 29892, 3138, 29892, 393, 1438, 5685, 397, 17062, 29899, 3150, 292, 21838, 526, 901, 1135, 13752, 300, 936, 29889, 360, 5607, 29915, 29879, 1072, 8250, 505, 21551, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 408, 12566, 292, 8078, 272, 22873, 363, 4359, 263, 316, 6332, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29945, 2823, 29871, 29953, 29929, 17972, 29889, 2169, 29889, 29871, 29945, 29906, 29896, 29900, 29945, 29994, 29945, 29906, 29896, 29900, 29953, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29946, 467, 15175, 694, 376, 24156, 307, 556, 7632, 29908, 22545, 403, 756, 15659, 1584, 263, 2323, 1206, 297, 607, 278, 19001, 310, 263, 2024, 8078, 272, 756, 4974, 287, 263, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 5995, 2729, 373, 16831, 800, 443, 12817, 304, 6232, 7694, 5227, 566, 29889, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 1702, 311, 310, 4029, 1091, 793, 1791, 29879, 14419, 368, 373, 18199, 354, 287, 6502, 2994, 29886, 29889, 325, 29889, 9033, 29933, 29892, 29871, 29955, 29896, 29955, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29906, 29896, 313, 5454, 29896, 29900, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 511, 263, 1206, 21677, 10524, 322, 8014, 5227, 566, 16726, 4974, 287, 491, 385, 19001, 310, 263, 970, 5001, 30003, 29875, 29889, 29872, 1696, 16726, 297, 694, 982, 15201, 491, 9826, 29915, 29879, 10608, 29889, 450, 16317, 296, 29915, 29879, 8866, 29879, 393, 22329, 22873, 322, 4045, 29892, 373, 6509, 310, 9826, 29915, 29879, 10608, 29892, 674, 367, 9508, 287, 304, 12359, 434, 3240, 2606, 362, 16726, 29892, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29892, 322, 393, 6570, 15715, 674, 1284, 963, 2778, 2105, 2738, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 2833, 304, 502, 18500, 2749, 9714, 29889, 960, 591, 526, 2743, 29892, 3138, 29892, 11559, 508, 5948, 2329, 278, 1108, 491, 626, 2548, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 9479, 304, 3349, 7333, 22873, 310, 970, 5001, 13049, 322, 22873, 515, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 6159, 29889, 1205, 372, 723, 266, 10305, 11559, 29915, 28526, 12242, 565, 8078, 943, 892, 4586, 1283, 278, 12422, 363, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 1009, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 22873, 29892, 925, 304, 4772, 278, 25057, 27289, 393, 289, 370, 952, 277, 2153, 29892, 302, 812, 583, 29892, 16423, 414, 29892, 322, 278, 763, 674, 5685, 397, 6570, 15715, 411, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 15313, 9466, 29889, 13, 29925, 433, 524, 28324, 322, 278, 4956, 293, 2105, 4593, 14111, 393, 975, 29890, 949, 386, 4828, 1122, 367, 11527, 491, 5164, 4046, 29899, 292, 18671, 29889, 2688, 1298, 10816, 304, 278, 1734, 29908, 1285, 28891, 1213, 13494, 524, 28324, 4443, 393, 297, 376, 9435, 24590, 749, 1699, 376, 1285, 28891, 29908, 947, 451, 10985, 304, 1432, 9115, 15133, 5381, 9443, 29889, 8669, 29892, 278, 1734, 376, 999, 414, 304, 263, 6263, 5069, 4180, 310, 263, 8078, 674, 2125, 2058, 975, 263, 7282, 3785, 310, 931, 1213, 10088, 368, 1771, 2575, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29889, 2823, 884, 383, 793, 26687, 325, 29889 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.141361	1.355531	0.262825	0.289404
United States Dept. of Labor, 598 F. 3d 912, 915 (CA7 2010) ("Nothing in §1514A implies that, if [a privately held business] buys a box of rubber bands from Wal-Mart, a company with traded securities, the [business] becomes covered by §1514A."). The Solicitor General further maintains that §1514A protects contractor employees only to the extent that their whistleblowing relates to "the contractor . . . fulfilling its role as a contractor for the public company, not the contractor in some other capacity." Tr. of Oral Arg. 18–19 (Government counsel). See also id., at 23 ("[I]t has to be a person who is in a position to detect and report the types of fraud and securities violations that are included in the statute. . . . [W]e think that 'the contractor of such com-pany' refers to the contractor in that role, working for the public company.' "). Finally, the Solicitor General suggests that we need not determine the bounds of §1514A today, because plaintiffs seek only a "mainstream application" of the provision's protections. Id., at 20 (Government counsel). We agree. Plaintiffs' allegations fall squarely within Congress' aim in enacting §1514A. Lawson alleges that she was constructively discharged for reporting accounting practices that overstated expenses associated with managing certain Fidelity mutual funds. This alleged fraud directly implicates the funds' shareholders: "By inflating its expenses, and thus understating its profits, [FMR] could potentially increase the fees it would earn from the mutual funds, fees ultimately paid by the shareholders of those funds." Brief for Petitioners 3. Zang alleges that he was fired for expressing concerns about inaccuracies in a draft registration statement FMR prepared for the SEC on behalf of certain Fidelity funds. The potential impact on shareholders of false or misleading registration statements needs no elaboration. If Lawson and Zang's allegations prove true, these plaintiffs would indeed be "firsthand witnesses to [the shareholder] fraud" Congress anticipated §1514A would protect. S. Rep., at 10. FMR urges that legislative events subsequent toSarbanes-Oxley's enactment show that Congress did not intend to extend §1514A's protections to contractor employees. 16 In particular, FMR calls our attention to the 2010 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, 124Stat. 1376 (Dodd-Frank). Dodd-Frank amended §1514A(a) to read: "No company with a class of securities registered under section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U. S. C. 78l), or that is required to file reports under [section 12] of the [1934 Act] (15 U. S. C. 78o(d)) including any subsidiary or affiliate whose financial information is included in the consolidated financial statements of such company, or nationally recognized statistical rating organization (as defined in section 3(a) of the [1934 Act] (15 U. S. C. 78c), or any officer, employee, contractor, subcontractor, or agent of such company or nationally recognized statistical rating organization, may discharge, demote, suspend, threaten, harass, or in any other manner discriminateagainst an employee in the terms and conditions of employment because of any [protected activity]." 18 U. S. C. §1514A(a) (2012 ed.) (emphasis added; footnote omitted.) The amended provision extends §1514A's protection to employees of public company subsidiaries and nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (NRSROs). FMR asserts that Congress' decision to add NRSROs to §1514A shows that the provision did not previously cover contractor employees: "If [§1514A] already covered every private company contracting	[ 3303, 3900, 897, 415, 29889, 310, 16715, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29929, 29947, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29871, 29929, 29896, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29929, 29896, 29945, 313, 5454, 29955, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29897, 4852, 26521, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 10469, 393, 29892, 565, 518, 29874, 5999, 2486, 4934, 5381, 29962, 1321, 952, 263, 3800, 310, 14051, 495, 22706, 515, 5260, 29899, 15838, 29892, 263, 5001, 411, 3534, 287, 409, 2764, 1907, 29892, 278, 518, 8262, 3335, 29962, 7415, 10664, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 1213, 467, 13, 1576, 4956, 293, 2105, 4593, 4340, 7344, 29879, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 12566, 29879, 8078, 272, 22873, 871, 304, 278, 15834, 393, 1009, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 1104, 1078, 304, 376, 1552, 8078, 272, 869, 869, 869, 6095, 5589, 292, 967, 6297, 408, 263, 8078, 272, 363, 278, 970, 5001, 29892, 451, 278, 8078, 272, 297, 777, 916, 13284, 1213, 1605, 29889, 310, 1394, 284, 11842, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29994, 29896, 29929, 313, 29954, 6170, 358, 2613, 2838, 467, 2823, 884, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29941, 4852, 29961, 29902, 29962, 29873, 756, 304, 367, 263, 2022, 1058, 338, 297, 263, 2602, 304, 6459, 322, 3461, 278, 4072, 310, 5227, 566, 322, 409, 2764, 1907, 5537, 800, 393, 526, 5134, 297, 278, 1002, 1082, 29889, 869, 869, 869, 518, 29956, 29962, 29872, 1348, 393, 525, 1552, 8078, 272, 310, 1316, 419, 29899, 29886, 1384, 29915, 14637, 304, 278, 8078, 272, 297, 393, 6297, 29892, 1985, 363, 278, 970, 5001, 6169, 376, 467, 13, 12881, 635, 29892, 278, 4956, 293, 2105, 4593, 14661, 393, 591, 817, 451, 8161, 278, 13451, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 9826, 29892, 1363, 2174, 524, 28324, 16508, 871, 263, 376, 3396, 5461, 2280, 29908, 310, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 3279, 1953, 29889, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29900, 313, 29954, 6170, 358, 2613, 2838, 467, 1334, 8661, 29889, 13494, 524, 28324, 29915, 16831, 800, 6416, 6862, 368, 2629, 11559, 29915, 12242, 297, 427, 627, 292, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 7927, 1100, 16831, 267, 393, 1183, 471, 3386, 3598, 766, 25389, 287, 363, 23415, 3633, 292, 23274, 393, 975, 303, 630, 1518, 11259, 6942, 411, 767, 6751, 3058, 383, 10652, 537, 5478, 950, 29199, 29889, 910, 16831, 287, 5227, 566, 4153, 2411, 15815, 278, 29199, 29915, 6232, 8948, 414, 29901, 376, 2059, 4414, 1218, 967, 1518, 11259, 29892, 322, 4550, 1090, 303, 1218, 967, 2600, 1169, 29892, 518, 29943, 21055, 29962, 1033, 19998, 7910, 278, 1238, 267, 372, 723, 2326, 29876, 515, 278, 5478, 950, 29199, 29892, 1238, 267, 18973, 12530, 491, 278, 6232, 8948, 414, 310, 1906, 29199, 1213, 1771, 2575, 363, 5879, 654, 414, 29871, 29941, 29889, 796, 574, 16831, 267, 393, 540, 471, 17285, 363, 4653, 292, 21838, 1048, 297, 5753, 2002, 2478, 297, 263, 18195, 22583, 3229, 20499, 29934, 13240, 363, 278, 3725, 29907, 373, 2306, 3131, 310, 3058, 383, 10652, 537, 29199, 29889, 450, 7037, 10879, 373, 6232, 8948, 414, 310, 2089, 470, 3984, 25369, 22583, 9506, 4225, 694, 13771, 362, 29889, 960, 7927, 1100, 322, 796, 574, 29915, 29879, 16831, 800, 6356, 1565, 29892, 1438, 2174, 524, 28324, 723, 6200, 367, 376, 4102, 3179, 16277, 267, 304, 518, 1552, 6232, 7694, 29962, 5227, 566, 29908, 11559, 23483, 630, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 723, 12566, 29889, 317, 29889, 10088, 1696, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 13, 29943, 21055, 5065, 2710, 393, 13332, 1230, 4959, 15352, 304, 29903, 279, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 29915, 29879, 427, 627, 358, 1510, 393, 11559, 1258, 451, 24042, 304, 10985, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 3279, 1953, 304, 8078, 272, 22873, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29953, 512, 3153, 29892, 20499, 29934, 5717, 1749, 8570, 304, 278, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 14406, 7103, 23933, 322, 2138, 4680, 14409, 428, 3185, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29946, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29955, 29953, 313, 29928, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 467, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 626, 2760, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 304, 1303, 29901, 13, 29908, 3782, 5001, 411, 263, 770, 310, 409, 2764, 1907, 15443, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29906, 310, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 24004, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 313, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29947, 29880, 511, 470, 393, 338, 3734, 304, 934, 13676, 1090, 518, 2042, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29962, 310, 278, 518, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 3185, 29962, 313, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29947, 29877, 29898, 29881, 876, 3704, 738, 11684, 8819, 653, 470, 23736, 403, 5069, 18161, 2472, 338, 5134, 297, 278, 1136, 17211, 630, 18161, 9506, 310, 1316, 5001, 29892, 470, 5233, 635, 14831, 24148, 21700, 13013, 313, 294, 3342, 297, 4004, 29871, 29941, 29898, 29874, 29897, 310, 278, 518, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 3185, 29962, 313, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29947, 29883, 511, 470, 738, 12139, 29892, 19001, 29892, 8078, 272, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 470, 10823, 310, 1316, 5001, 470, 5233, 635, 14831, 24148, 21700, 13013, 29892, 1122, 766, 23367, 29892, 1261, 866, 29892, 8872, 355, 29892, 20616, 29892, 4023, 465, 29892, 470, 297, 738, 916, 8214, 2313, 5632, 16976, 351, 475, 303, 385, 19001, 297, 278, 4958, 322, 5855, 310, 5703, 358, 1363, 310, 738, 518, 24681, 6354, 29962, 1213, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 1226, 1846, 313, 7278, 25101, 2715, 29936, 3661, 6812, 25811, 1846, 13, 1576, 626, 2760, 25161, 4988, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 13047, 304, 22873, 310, 970, 5001, 11684, 8819, 4314, 322, 5233, 635, 14831, 24148, 21700, 25700, 313, 29940, 12445, 1672, 29879, 467, 20499, 29934, 408, 643, 1372, 393, 11559, 29915, 10608, 304, 788, 405, 12445, 1672, 29879, 304, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 3697, 393, 278, 25161, 1258, 451, 9251, 4612, 8078, 272, 22873, 29901, 376, 3644, 518, 30152, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29962, 2307, 10664, 1432, 2024, 5001, 8078, 292 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.004829	1.428207	0.193786	0.260312
with a public company, there would have been no need for Congress to extend [§1514A] to certain private companies." Brief for Respondents 35–36. This argument fails at the starting gate, for FMR concedes that not all NRSROs are privately held, and not all NRSROs contract with public companies. Id., at 36. We see nothing useful to our inquiry in Congress' decision to amend §1514A to include public company sub-sidiaries and NRSROs. More telling, at the time of the Dodd-Frank amendments, DOL regulations provided that §1514A protects contractor employees. See 29 CFR §1980.101 (2009). Congress included in its alterations no language gainsaying that protection. As Judge Thompson's dissent from the First Circuit's judgment observes, "Congress had a miles-wide opening to nip [DOL's] regulation in the bud if it had wished to do so. It did not." 670 F. 3d, at 88. Dodd-Frank also establishes a corporate whistleblowing reward program, accompanied by a new provision pro-hibiting any employer from retaliating against "a whistleblower" for providing information to the SEC, participating in an SEC proceeding, or making disclosures requiredor protected under Sarbanes-Oxley and certain other securities laws. 15 U. S. C. §78u–6(a)(6), (b)(1), (h). FMR urges that, as this provision covers employees of all companies, public or private, "[t]here is no justification" for reading §1514A to cover employees of contractors: "Any 'gap' that might, arguendo, have existed for employees of private entities between 2002 and 2010 has now been closed." Brief for Respondents 44. 17 FMR, we note, somewhat overstates Dodd-Frank's cov-erage. Section 1514A's protections include employeeswho provide information to any "person with supervisory authority over the employee." §1514A(a)(1)(C). Dodd-Frank's whistleblower provision, however, focuses primarily on reporting to federal authorities. See Brief for United States as Amicus Curiae 30 ("[I]f employees of contrac-tors of public companies are not protected under Section 1514A, they are not protected for making internal complaints under . . . the Dodd-Frank Act."). In any event, our task is not to determine whether including contractor employees in the class protected by §1514A remains necessary in 2014. It is, instead, to determine whether Congress afforded protection to contractor employees when it enacted §1514A in 2002. If anything relevant to our inquiry can be gleaned from Dodd-Frank,it is that Congress apparently does not share FMR'sconcerns about extending protection comprehensivelyto corporate whistleblowers. 18 We end by returning to AIR 21's whistleblower protection provision, 49 U. S. C. §42121, enacted two years before Sarbanes-Oxley. Congress designed §1514A to "track . . . as closely as possible" the protections afforded by §42121. S. Rep., at 30. To this end, §1514A incorporates by cross-reference §42121's administrative enforcement regime, see 18 U. S. C. §1514A(b)(2), and contains parallel statutory text. Compare §1514A(a) ("No [public] company . . . or any officer, employee, contractor, subcontractor, or agent of such company, may discharge, demote, suspend, threaten, harass, or in any other manner discriminate against an employee in the terms and conditions of employment" for engaging in protected activity) with 49 U. S. C. §42121(a) ("No air carrier or contractor or subcontractor of an air carrier may discharge an employee or otherwise discriminate against an employee with respect to	[ 411, 263, 970, 5001, 29892, 727, 723, 505, 1063, 694, 817, 363, 11559, 304, 10985, 518, 30152, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29962, 304, 3058, 2024, 14582, 1213, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29941, 29945, 29994, 29941, 29953, 29889, 910, 2980, 8465, 472, 278, 6257, 12417, 29892, 363, 20499, 29934, 27943, 267, 393, 451, 599, 405, 12445, 1672, 29879, 526, 5999, 2486, 4934, 29892, 322, 451, 599, 405, 12445, 1672, 29879, 8078, 411, 970, 14582, 29889, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29941, 29953, 29889, 13, 4806, 1074, 3078, 5407, 304, 1749, 25501, 16129, 297, 11559, 29915, 10608, 304, 626, 355, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 3160, 970, 5001, 1014, 29899, 29879, 8819, 4314, 322, 405, 12445, 1672, 29879, 29889, 5853, 14509, 29892, 472, 278, 931, 310, 278, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 626, 355, 1860, 29892, 360, 5607, 1072, 8250, 4944, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 12566, 29879, 8078, 272, 22873, 29889, 2823, 29871, 29906, 29929, 315, 15860, 16683, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29900, 29889, 29896, 29900, 29896, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29929, 467, 11559, 5134, 297, 967, 10551, 800, 694, 4086, 330, 2708, 388, 292, 393, 13047, 29889, 1094, 26817, 22348, 29915, 29879, 16317, 296, 515, 278, 3824, 12594, 3121, 29915, 29879, 24284, 5366, 1960, 29892, 376, 29907, 549, 1253, 750, 263, 7800, 29899, 8157, 8718, 304, 302, 666, 518, 3970, 29931, 29915, 29879, 29962, 1072, 2785, 297, 278, 8619, 565, 372, 750, 20024, 304, 437, 577, 29889, 739, 1258, 451, 1213, 29871, 29953, 29955, 29900, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29892, 472, 29871, 29947, 29947, 29889, 13, 29928, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 884, 10127, 267, 263, 17266, 403, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 20751, 1824, 29892, 21302, 491, 263, 716, 25161, 410, 29899, 6335, 11407, 738, 5703, 261, 515, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 376, 29874, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 29908, 363, 13138, 2472, 304, 278, 3725, 29907, 29892, 5221, 1218, 297, 385, 3725, 29907, 8469, 292, 29892, 470, 3907, 766, 11291, 1973, 3734, 272, 6364, 1090, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 322, 3058, 916, 409, 2764, 1907, 14243, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29947, 29884, 29994, 29953, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29953, 511, 313, 29890, 5033, 29896, 511, 313, 29882, 467, 20499, 29934, 5065, 2710, 393, 29892, 408, 445, 25161, 18469, 22873, 310, 599, 14582, 29892, 970, 470, 2024, 29892, 14704, 29873, 29962, 4150, 338, 694, 925, 2450, 29908, 363, 5183, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 4612, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 29901, 376, 10773, 525, 29887, 481, 29915, 393, 1795, 29892, 1852, 29884, 2765, 29892, 505, 22856, 363, 22873, 310, 2024, 16212, 1546, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 322, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 756, 1286, 1063, 5764, 1213, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29946, 29946, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29955, 13, 29943, 21055, 29892, 591, 4443, 29892, 10579, 975, 28631, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 29915, 29879, 18838, 29899, 261, 482, 29889, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 3279, 1953, 3160, 22873, 15970, 3867, 2472, 304, 738, 376, 10532, 411, 2428, 1730, 706, 14329, 975, 278, 19001, 1213, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29896, 5033, 29907, 467, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 29915, 29879, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 25161, 29892, 3138, 29892, 8569, 267, 19434, 373, 23415, 304, 17097, 21142, 29889, 2823, 1771, 2575, 363, 3303, 3900, 408, 1913, 12473, 10837, 23395, 29871, 29941, 29900, 4852, 29961, 29902, 29962, 29888, 22873, 310, 640, 945, 29899, 29873, 943, 310, 970, 14582, 526, 451, 6364, 1090, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 896, 526, 451, 6364, 363, 3907, 7463, 15313, 9466, 1090, 869, 869, 869, 278, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 3185, 1213, 467, 13, 797, 738, 1741, 29892, 1749, 3414, 338, 451, 304, 8161, 3692, 3704, 8078, 272, 22873, 297, 278, 770, 6364, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 9242, 5181, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29889, 739, 338, 29892, 2012, 29892, 304, 8161, 3692, 11559, 21750, 287, 13047, 304, 8078, 272, 22873, 746, 372, 427, 627, 287, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29889, 960, 3099, 8018, 304, 1749, 25501, 16129, 508, 367, 330, 14044, 287, 515, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 29892, 277, 338, 393, 11559, 13229, 947, 451, 6232, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 535, 29883, 824, 29879, 1048, 23771, 13047, 15171, 575, 3598, 517, 17266, 403, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 414, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29947, 13, 4806, 1095, 491, 7863, 304, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 25161, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29892, 427, 627, 287, 1023, 2440, 1434, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 29889, 11559, 8688, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 376, 11294, 869, 869, 869, 408, 16467, 408, 1950, 29908, 278, 3279, 1953, 21750, 287, 491, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29889, 317, 29889, 10088, 1696, 472, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29889, 1763, 445, 1095, 29892, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 11039, 1078, 491, 4891, 29899, 5679, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 19185, 24555, 13561, 22384, 29892, 1074, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29890, 5033, 29906, 511, 322, 3743, 8943, 1002, 329, 706, 1426, 29889, 3831, 598, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 4852, 3782, 518, 3597, 29962, 5001, 869, 869, 869, 470, 738, 12139, 29892, 19001, 29892, 8078, 272, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 470, 10823, 310, 1316, 5001, 29892, 1122, 766, 23367, 29892, 1261, 866, 29892, 8872, 355, 29892, 20616, 29892, 4023, 465, 29892, 470, 297, 738, 916, 8214, 2313, 5632, 16976, 2750, 385, 19001, 297, 278, 4958, 322, 5855, 310, 5703, 358, 29908, 363, 3033, 6751, 297, 6364, 6354, 29897, 411, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29874, 29897, 4852, 3782, 4799, 1559, 4336, 470, 8078, 272, 470, 1014, 1285, 28891, 310, 385, 4799, 1559, 4336, 1122, 766, 23367, 385, 19001, 470, 6467, 2313, 5632, 16976, 2750, 385, 19001, 411, 3390, 304 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.142667	1.324384	-0.144405	0.07058
compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment" for engaging in protected activity). 19 Section 42121 has been read to protect employees of contractors covered by the provision. The ARB has consistently construed AIR 21 to cover contractor employees. E.g., Evans v. Miami Valley Hospital, ARB No. 07–118 etc., ALJ No. 2006–AIR–022, pp. 9–11 (June 30, 2009); Peck v. Safe Air Int'l, Inc., ARB No. 02–028, ALJ No. 2001–AIR–3, p. 13 (Jan. 30, 2004). 20 And DOL's regulations adopting this interpretation of §42121 date back to April 1, 2002, before §1514A was enacted. 67 Fed. Reg. 15454, 15457–15458 (2002). The Senate Report for AIR 21 supports this reading, explaining that the Act "provide[s] employees of airlines, and employees of airline contractors and subcontractors, with statutory whistleblower protection." S. Rep. No. 105–278, p. 22 (1998). 21 The Court of Appeals recognized that Congress modeled §1514A on §42121, and that §42121 has been understood to protect contractor employees. 670 F. 3d, at 73–74. It nonetheless declined to interpret §1514A the same way, because, in its view, "important differences" separate the two provisions. First, unlike §1514A, §42121 contains a definition of "contractor": "a company that performs safety-sensitive functions by contract for an air carrier." 49 U. S. C. §42121(e). Second, unlike §1514A, §42121 does not include "officers" or "employees" among governed actors. 670 F. 3d, at 74. These distinctions, the Court of Appeals reasoned, render §1514A less amenable to an inclusive construction of the protected class. Ibid. 22 We do not find these textual differences overwhelming. True, Congress strayed from §42121's pattern in failing to define "contractor" for purposes of §1514A, and in adding "officers" and "employees" to §1514A's list of governed actors. And we agree that §1514A covers a far wider range than §42121 does. But in our view, neither difference warrants the determination that §1514A omits employees of contractors while §42121 includes them. The provisions' parallel text and purposes counsel in favor of interpreting the two provisions consistently. And we have already canvassed the many reasons why §1514A is most sensibly read to protect employees of contractors. See supra, at 9–22. * * * For the reasons stated, we hold that 18 U. S. C. §1514A whistleblower protection extends to employees of contractors and subcontractors. The judgment of the U. S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit is therefore reversed, and the case is remanded for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. 1 Title VIII of the Act, which contains the whistleblower protection provision at issue in this case, was authored by Senators Leahy and Grassley and originally constituted a discrete bill, S. 2010. We thus look to the Senate Report for S. 2010, S. Rep. No. 107–146, as the Senate Report relevant here. See 148 Cong. Rec. S7418 (daily ed. July 26, 2002) (statement of Sen. Leahy) ("unanimous consent" to "includ[e] in the Congressional Record as part of the official legisl	[ 22874, 362, 29892, 4958, 29892, 5855, 29892, 470, 28091, 310, 5703, 358, 29908, 363, 3033, 6751, 297, 6364, 6354, 467, 29871, 29896, 29929, 13, 13438, 29871, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 756, 1063, 1303, 304, 12566, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 10664, 491, 278, 25161, 29889, 450, 9033, 29933, 756, 5718, 2705, 6787, 287, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 304, 4612, 8078, 272, 22873, 29889, 382, 29889, 29887, 1696, 24056, 325, 29889, 23740, 13939, 15967, 29892, 9033, 29933, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29900, 29955, 29994, 29896, 29896, 29947, 2992, 1696, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29953, 29994, 29909, 8193, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29906, 29892, 6499, 29889, 29871, 29929, 29994, 29896, 29896, 313, 29967, 1540, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29929, 416, 3938, 384, 325, 29889, 5701, 1725, 5593, 3159, 29915, 29880, 29892, 9266, 1696, 9033, 29933, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29900, 29906, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29947, 29892, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29896, 29994, 29909, 8193, 29994, 29941, 29892, 282, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29941, 313, 26626, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29946, 467, 29871, 29906, 29900, 1126, 360, 5607, 29915, 29879, 1072, 8250, 9332, 292, 445, 19854, 310, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 2635, 1250, 304, 3786, 29871, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29892, 1434, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 471, 427, 627, 287, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29955, 17972, 29889, 2169, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29946, 29945, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29946, 29945, 29955, 29994, 29896, 29945, 29946, 29945, 29947, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 467, 450, 18148, 13969, 363, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 11286, 445, 5183, 29892, 24232, 393, 278, 3185, 376, 16123, 680, 29961, 29879, 29962, 22873, 310, 4799, 9012, 29892, 322, 22873, 310, 4799, 1220, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29892, 411, 1002, 329, 706, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 1213, 317, 29889, 10088, 29889, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29945, 29994, 29906, 29955, 29947, 29892, 282, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29906, 313, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29947, 467, 29871, 29906, 29896, 13, 1576, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 14831, 393, 11559, 4464, 839, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 373, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29892, 322, 393, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 756, 1063, 11098, 304, 12566, 8078, 272, 22873, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29955, 29900, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29892, 472, 29871, 29955, 29941, 29994, 29955, 29946, 29889, 739, 1661, 621, 6393, 4845, 1312, 304, 6613, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 278, 1021, 982, 29892, 1363, 29892, 297, 967, 1776, 29892, 376, 17001, 12651, 29908, 5004, 278, 1023, 1326, 12112, 29889, 3824, 29892, 25531, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 3743, 263, 5023, 310, 376, 1285, 28891, 1115, 376, 29874, 5001, 393, 23233, 15332, 29899, 23149, 3321, 3168, 491, 8078, 363, 385, 4799, 1559, 4336, 1213, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29872, 467, 6440, 29892, 25531, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 947, 451, 3160, 376, 29877, 2416, 414, 29908, 470, 376, 3451, 2376, 12712, 29908, 4249, 4095, 287, 29701, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29955, 29900, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29892, 472, 29871, 29955, 29946, 29889, 4525, 1320, 262, 1953, 29892, 278, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 2769, 287, 29892, 4050, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 3109, 626, 12007, 304, 385, 20978, 573, 7632, 310, 278, 6364, 770, 29889, 306, 23883, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29906, 13, 4806, 437, 451, 1284, 1438, 1426, 950, 12651, 975, 1332, 295, 4056, 29889, 5852, 29892, 11559, 380, 25724, 515, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 4766, 297, 17581, 304, 4529, 376, 1285, 28891, 29908, 363, 11976, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 322, 297, 4417, 376, 29877, 2416, 414, 29908, 322, 376, 3451, 2376, 12712, 29908, 304, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 1051, 310, 4095, 287, 29701, 29889, 1126, 591, 8661, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 18469, 263, 2215, 25734, 3464, 1135, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 947, 29889, 1205, 297, 1749, 1776, 29892, 9561, 4328, 1370, 29878, 1934, 278, 3683, 3381, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 2703, 1169, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 1550, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 7805, 963, 29889, 450, 1326, 12112, 29915, 8943, 1426, 322, 11976, 2613, 2838, 297, 7853, 310, 5133, 1259, 278, 1023, 1326, 12112, 5718, 2705, 29889, 1126, 591, 505, 2307, 508, 29894, 465, 287, 278, 1784, 9590, 2020, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 1556, 4771, 14981, 1303, 304, 12566, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 29889, 2823, 13159, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29929, 29994, 29906, 29906, 29889, 13, 29930, 30363, 29930, 30363, 29930, 13, 2831, 278, 9590, 8703, 29892, 591, 4808, 393, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 4988, 304, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29889, 450, 24284, 310, 278, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 363, 278, 3824, 12594, 3121, 338, 5480, 18764, 287, 29892, 322, 278, 1206, 338, 1083, 392, 287, 363, 4340, 8469, 886, 13747, 411, 445, 9426, 29889, 13, 29896, 18527, 15682, 310, 278, 3185, 29892, 607, 3743, 278, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 25161, 472, 2228, 297, 445, 1206, 29892, 471, 4148, 287, 491, 5811, 4097, 951, 801, 29891, 322, 1632, 465, 2330, 322, 10437, 20016, 3860, 263, 19554, 11118, 29892, 317, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29889, 1334, 4550, 1106, 304, 278, 18148, 13969, 363, 317, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29892, 317, 29889, 10088, 29889, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29994, 29896, 29946, 29953, 29892, 408, 278, 18148, 13969, 8018, 1244, 29889, 2823, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29947, 6005, 29889, 3599, 29889, 317, 29955, 29946, 29896, 29947, 313, 29881, 8683, 1226, 29889, 5468, 29871, 29906, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29897, 313, 20788, 310, 5811, 29889, 951, 801, 29891, 29897, 4852, 348, 11576, 681, 20218, 29908, 304, 376, 11707, 29961, 29872, 29962, 297, 278, 6005, 29878, 15750, 14164, 408, 760, 310, 278, 6221, 13332 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.386428	1.0804	-0.379933	-0.005945
ative history" of Sarbanes-Oxley that Title VIII's "terms track almost exactly the provisions of S. 2010, introduced by Senator Leahy and reported unanimously from the Committee on the Judiciary"). 2 As discussed infra, at 24–26, Congress amended §1514A in 2010 to extend whistleblower coverage to employees of public companies' subsidiaries and nationally recognized statistical ratings organizations. 124Stat. 1848. Plaintiffs do not fall in either category and, in any event, their claims are governed by the prior version of §1514A. Unless otherwise noted, all citations to §1514A are to the original text in the 2006 edition of the United States Code. 3 Here, as just noted, the public company has no employees. See supra, at 2. 4 As §1514A treats contractors and subcontractors identically, we generally refer simply to "contractors" without distinguishing between the two. 5 The whistleblower in Spinner was an employee of an accounting firm that provided auditing, consulting, and Sarbanes-Oxley compliance services to a public company. 6 The dissent maintains that the ARB's interpretation of §1514A is not entitled to deference because, "if any agency has the authority to resolve ambiguities in §1514A with the force of law, it is the SEC, not the Department of Labor." Post, at 18. Because we agree with the ARB's conclusion that §1514A affords protection to a contractor's employees, we need not decide what weight that conclusion should carry. We note, however, that the SEC apparently does not share the dissent's view that it, rather than DOL, has interpretive authority over §1514A. To the contrary, the SEC is a signatory to the Government's brief in this case, which takes the position that Congress has charged the Secretary of Labor with interpreting §1514A. Brief for United States as Amicus Curiae 9–11, 31–34. That view is hardly surprising given the lead role played by DOL in administering whistleblower statutes. See supra, at 5. The dissent observes that the SEC "hasnot issued a regulation applying §1514A whistleblower protection to employees of public company contractors," post, at 18, but omits to inform that the SEC has not promulgated any regulations interpreting §1514A, consistent with its view that Congress delegated that responsibility to DOL. 7 We need not decide in this case whether §1514A also prohibits a contractor from retaliating against an employee of one of the other actors governed by the provision. 8 This hypothetical originates in a Seventh Circuit opinion, Fleszar v. United States Dept. of Labor, 598 F. 3d 912, 915 (2010), and is mentioned in a footnote in the First Circuit's opinion in this case, 670 F. 3d 61, 69, n. 11 (2012). 9 When asked during oral argument for an example of actual circumstances in which a contractor would have employment decisionmak-ing authority over public company employees, FMR's counsel cited Kalkunte v. DVI Financial Servs., Inc., No. 05–139 etc., ALJ No. 2004–SOX–056 (Feb. 27, 2009). Tr. of Oral Arg. 33. That case involved a bankrupt public company that hired a private company to handle its dissolution. The ARB found the private company liable under §1514A because it acted as a "contractor, subcontractor, or agent" of the public company in discharging the claimant. ALJ No. 2004–SOX–056, at 10 (emphasis added). Neither FMR nor its amici have pointed us to any actual situation in which a public company employee would be vulnerable to retaliatory conduct by a contractor not already covered as an "agent" under §1514A. Notably, even in Tides v. The Boeing	[ 1230, 4955, 29908, 310, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 393, 18527, 15682, 29915, 29879, 376, 357, 1516, 5702, 4359, 3721, 278, 1326, 12112, 310, 317, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29892, 9129, 491, 27623, 951, 801, 29891, 322, 8967, 443, 11576, 5794, 515, 278, 12930, 373, 278, 8660, 1654, 653, 2564, 13, 29906, 1094, 15648, 3041, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29946, 29994, 29906, 29953, 29892, 11559, 626, 2760, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 304, 10985, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 23746, 304, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 29915, 11684, 8819, 4314, 322, 5233, 635, 14831, 24148, 26838, 25700, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29946, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29946, 29947, 29889, 13494, 524, 28324, 437, 451, 6416, 297, 2845, 7663, 322, 29892, 297, 738, 1741, 29892, 1009, 16726, 526, 4095, 287, 491, 278, 7536, 1873, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 25870, 6467, 11682, 29892, 599, 7537, 800, 304, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 526, 304, 278, 2441, 1426, 297, 278, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29953, 12203, 310, 278, 3303, 3900, 5920, 29889, 13, 29941, 2266, 29892, 408, 925, 11682, 29892, 278, 970, 5001, 756, 694, 22873, 29889, 2823, 13159, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29889, 13, 29946, 1094, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 2578, 1446, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 2893, 1711, 29892, 591, 6892, 2737, 3763, 304, 376, 1285, 1461, 943, 29908, 1728, 10121, 14424, 1546, 278, 1023, 29889, 13, 29945, 450, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 297, 1706, 3993, 471, 385, 19001, 310, 385, 3633, 292, 9226, 393, 4944, 12990, 11407, 29892, 8799, 292, 29892, 322, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 752, 13036, 5786, 304, 263, 970, 5001, 29889, 13, 29953, 450, 16317, 296, 7344, 29879, 393, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 19854, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 451, 23437, 304, 316, 1659, 1363, 29892, 376, 361, 738, 946, 3819, 756, 278, 14329, 304, 8814, 22363, 1907, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 411, 278, 4889, 310, 4307, 29892, 372, 338, 278, 3725, 29907, 29892, 451, 278, 10317, 310, 16715, 1213, 4918, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29889, 7311, 591, 8661, 411, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 15997, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 2756, 4339, 13047, 304, 263, 8078, 272, 29915, 29879, 22873, 29892, 591, 817, 451, 11097, 825, 7688, 393, 15997, 881, 8677, 29889, 1334, 4443, 29892, 3138, 29892, 393, 278, 3725, 29907, 13229, 947, 451, 6232, 278, 16317, 296, 29915, 29879, 1776, 393, 372, 29892, 3265, 1135, 360, 5607, 29892, 756, 6613, 573, 14329, 975, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 1763, 278, 21138, 29892, 278, 3725, 29907, 338, 263, 1804, 7606, 304, 278, 10354, 29915, 29879, 11473, 297, 445, 1206, 29892, 607, 4893, 278, 2602, 393, 11559, 756, 20139, 278, 17719, 310, 16715, 411, 5133, 1259, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 1771, 2575, 363, 3303, 3900, 408, 1913, 12473, 10837, 23395, 29871, 29929, 29994, 29896, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29941, 29896, 29994, 29941, 29946, 29889, 2193, 1776, 338, 15155, 26800, 2183, 278, 3275, 6297, 5318, 491, 360, 5607, 297, 4113, 1531, 292, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 1002, 2667, 29889, 2823, 13159, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29945, 29889, 450, 16317, 296, 5366, 1960, 393, 278, 3725, 29907, 376, 5349, 1333, 16610, 263, 1072, 2785, 15399, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 304, 22873, 310, 970, 5001, 8078, 943, 1699, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29892, 541, 2703, 1169, 304, 1871, 393, 278, 3725, 29907, 756, 451, 2504, 352, 29887, 630, 738, 1072, 8250, 5133, 1259, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 13747, 411, 967, 1776, 393, 11559, 16000, 630, 393, 23134, 304, 360, 5607, 29889, 13, 29955, 1334, 817, 451, 11097, 297, 445, 1206, 3692, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 884, 21460, 1169, 263, 8078, 272, 515, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 385, 19001, 310, 697, 310, 278, 916, 29701, 4095, 287, 491, 278, 25161, 29889, 13, 29947, 910, 13752, 300, 936, 3978, 1078, 297, 263, 922, 794, 29882, 12594, 3121, 9426, 29892, 383, 793, 26687, 325, 29889, 3303, 3900, 897, 415, 29889, 310, 16715, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29929, 29947, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29871, 29929, 29896, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29929, 29896, 29945, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 511, 322, 338, 5276, 297, 263, 3661, 6812, 297, 278, 3824, 12594, 3121, 29915, 29879, 9426, 297, 445, 1206, 29892, 29871, 29953, 29955, 29900, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29871, 29953, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29953, 29929, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29896, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 467, 13, 29929, 1932, 4433, 2645, 470, 284, 2980, 363, 385, 1342, 310, 3935, 14209, 297, 607, 263, 8078, 272, 723, 505, 5703, 358, 10608, 29885, 557, 29899, 292, 14329, 975, 970, 5001, 22873, 29892, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 2613, 2838, 274, 1573, 476, 2235, 17316, 325, 29889, 360, 18118, 4231, 273, 1455, 1816, 4270, 1696, 9266, 1696, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29900, 29945, 29994, 29896, 29941, 29929, 2992, 1696, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29946, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29945, 29953, 313, 29943, 774, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29929, 467, 1605, 29889, 310, 1394, 284, 11842, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29941, 29889, 2193, 1206, 9701, 263, 9124, 6685, 970, 5001, 393, 298, 2859, 263, 2024, 5001, 304, 4386, 967, 23556, 918, 29889, 450, 9033, 29933, 1476, 278, 2024, 5001, 619, 519, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 1363, 372, 27320, 408, 263, 376, 1285, 28891, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 470, 10823, 29908, 310, 278, 970, 5001, 297, 766, 25389, 292, 278, 5995, 424, 29889, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29946, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29945, 29953, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 313, 7278, 25101, 2715, 467, 2448, 2121, 20499, 29934, 3643, 967, 626, 1654, 505, 11520, 502, 304, 738, 3935, 6434, 297, 607, 263, 970, 5001, 19001, 723, 367, 23180, 519, 304, 3240, 2606, 7606, 7512, 491, 263, 8078, 272, 451, 2307, 10664, 408, 385, 376, 14748, 29908, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 2216, 2197, 29892, 1584, 297, 323, 2247, 325, 29889, 450, 1952, 22430 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.533828	1.355531	0.132816	-0.103973
Co., 644 F. 3d 809 (CA9 2011), the case cited by the dissent for the proposition that contractors may possess "managerial authority" over public company employees, post, at 10, the alleged retaliation was by the public company itself. 10 The dissent suggests that we "fai[l] to recognize" that its construction also makes contractors primarily liable for retaliating of their own volition against employees of public companies. Post, at 10, n. 6. As explained supra, at 11–12, n. 9, however, FMR and its supporters have identified not even one real-world instance of a public company employee asserting a §1514A claim alleging retaliatory conduct by a contractor. Again, no "gaping hole," practically no hole at all. 11 The ARB endorsed this view in Spinner v. David Landau & Assoc., LLC, No. 10–111 etc., ALJ No. 2010–SOX–029, p. 8 (May 31, 2012). We have no occasion to determine whether the ARB would be entitled to deference in this regard, for, as explained in text, we find that the statutory text unambiguously affords protection to personal employees of public company officers and employees. §1514A(a). 12 AIR 21's anti-retaliation provision, on which §1514A is based, includes a similarly composed heading, "Discrimination against airline employees." 49 U. S. C. §42121(a). Nevertheless, that provision has been read to cover employees of companies rendering contract services to airlines. See infra, at 27–29. 13 FMR urges that the Senate Report's references to "employees of publicly traded companies" demonstrate that Congress wanted to limit whistleblower protection to such employees. Brief for Respondents 30–31. This argument fails for the same reason that FMR's reliance on the statutory section headings fails: "employees of publicly traded companies" must be understood as shorthand not designed to capture every employee covered by §1514A. See supra, at 15–16. Senator Sarbanes' statement, cited in the concurring opinion, post, at 2, is similarly imprecise. The Act indisputably covers private accounting firms and law firms that provide services to public companies. See, e.g., 15 U. S. C. §§7215, 7245. Indeed, Senator Sarbanes acknowledged this point in his very next sentence. See 148 Cong. Rec. 14440 (2002) (remarks of Sen. Sarbanes) ("This legislation prohibits accounting firms from providing certain specified consulting services if they are also the auditors of the company."). 14 The dissent suggests that the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board's and the SEC's authority to sanction unprofessional conduct by accountants and lawyers, respectively, "could well provide" a disincentive to retaliate against other accountants and lawyers. See post, at 15. The possibility of such sanctions, however, is cold comfort to the accountant or lawyer who loses her job in retaliation for her efforts to comply with the Act's requirements if, as the dissent would have it, §1514A does not enable her to seek reinstatement or backpay. 15 Although the dissent suggests that the ARB had not provided "definitive clarification" on the issue prior to Spinner, post at 14, the ARB "repeatedly interpreted [§1514A] as affording whistleblower protection to employees of [private] contractors" before Spinner. See Spinner, No. 10–111 etc., ALJ No. 2010–SOX–029, p. 5 (citing prior decisions). 16 We can easily dismiss FMR's invocation of a failed bill from 2004, the Mutual Fund Reform Act, S. 2059, 108th Cong., 2d Sess., §116(b), which	[ 3189, 1696, 29871, 29953, 29946, 29946, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29929, 313, 5454, 29929, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29896, 511, 278, 1206, 274, 1573, 491, 278, 16317, 296, 363, 278, 26619, 393, 8078, 943, 1122, 22592, 376, 12847, 616, 14329, 29908, 975, 970, 5001, 22873, 29892, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29892, 278, 16831, 287, 3240, 2606, 362, 471, 491, 278, 970, 5001, 3528, 29889, 13, 29896, 29900, 450, 16317, 296, 14661, 393, 591, 376, 29888, 1794, 29961, 29880, 29962, 304, 18720, 29908, 393, 967, 7632, 884, 3732, 8078, 943, 19434, 619, 519, 363, 3240, 2606, 1218, 310, 1009, 1914, 1700, 654, 2750, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 29889, 4918, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29889, 1094, 10824, 13159, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29994, 29896, 29906, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29929, 29892, 3138, 29892, 20499, 29934, 322, 967, 1462, 272, 2153, 505, 15659, 451, 1584, 697, 1855, 29899, 11526, 2777, 310, 263, 970, 5001, 19001, 408, 643, 1259, 263, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 5995, 16831, 292, 3240, 2606, 7606, 7512, 491, 263, 8078, 272, 29889, 11454, 29892, 694, 376, 29887, 21430, 16188, 1699, 4120, 1711, 694, 16188, 472, 599, 29889, 13, 29896, 29896, 450, 9033, 29933, 1095, 943, 287, 445, 1776, 297, 1706, 3993, 325, 29889, 4699, 3172, 585, 669, 4007, 542, 1696, 365, 12182, 29892, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29994, 29896, 29896, 29896, 2992, 1696, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29929, 29892, 282, 29889, 29871, 29947, 313, 12703, 29871, 29941, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 467, 1334, 505, 694, 10039, 304, 8161, 3692, 278, 9033, 29933, 723, 367, 23437, 304, 316, 1659, 297, 445, 4880, 29892, 363, 29892, 408, 10824, 297, 1426, 29892, 591, 1284, 393, 278, 1002, 329, 706, 1426, 443, 14727, 5794, 2756, 4339, 13047, 304, 7333, 22873, 310, 970, 5001, 13049, 322, 22873, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 467, 13, 29896, 29906, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 9418, 29899, 2267, 2606, 362, 25161, 29892, 373, 607, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 2729, 29892, 7805, 263, 22829, 13725, 28435, 29892, 376, 4205, 29883, 5632, 3381, 2750, 4799, 1220, 22873, 1213, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29874, 467, 25678, 29892, 393, 25161, 756, 1063, 1303, 304, 4612, 22873, 310, 14582, 15061, 8078, 5786, 304, 4799, 9012, 29889, 2823, 3041, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29994, 29906, 29929, 29889, 13, 29896, 29941, 20499, 29934, 5065, 2710, 393, 278, 18148, 13969, 29915, 29879, 9282, 304, 376, 3451, 2376, 12712, 310, 970, 368, 3534, 287, 14582, 29908, 22222, 393, 11559, 5131, 304, 4046, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 304, 1316, 22873, 29889, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29994, 29941, 29896, 29889, 910, 2980, 8465, 363, 278, 1021, 2769, 393, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 12536, 749, 373, 278, 1002, 329, 706, 4004, 2343, 886, 8465, 29901, 376, 3451, 2376, 12712, 310, 970, 368, 3534, 287, 14582, 29908, 1818, 367, 11098, 408, 528, 2072, 392, 451, 8688, 304, 10446, 1432, 19001, 10664, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 2823, 13159, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29994, 29896, 29953, 29889, 27623, 7745, 2571, 267, 29915, 3229, 29892, 274, 1573, 297, 278, 3022, 1038, 292, 9426, 29892, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29892, 338, 22829, 527, 17990, 895, 29889, 450, 3185, 1399, 275, 649, 2197, 18469, 2024, 3633, 292, 13734, 1516, 322, 4307, 13734, 1516, 393, 3867, 5786, 304, 970, 14582, 29889, 2823, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 30152, 29955, 29906, 29896, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29955, 29906, 29946, 29945, 29889, 14598, 29892, 27623, 7745, 2571, 267, 24084, 3192, 445, 1298, 297, 670, 1407, 2446, 10541, 29889, 2823, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29947, 6005, 29889, 3599, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29946, 29946, 29900, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29897, 313, 1745, 17862, 310, 5811, 29889, 7745, 2571, 267, 29897, 4852, 4013, 13332, 362, 21460, 1169, 3633, 292, 13734, 1516, 515, 13138, 3058, 6790, 8799, 292, 5786, 565, 896, 526, 884, 278, 12990, 17259, 310, 278, 5001, 1213, 467, 13, 29896, 29946, 450, 16317, 296, 14661, 393, 278, 5236, 6938, 16535, 292, 438, 874, 523, 12590, 29915, 29879, 322, 278, 3725, 29907, 29915, 29879, 14329, 304, 9753, 428, 443, 23221, 15750, 7512, 491, 3633, 1934, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 29892, 8307, 29892, 376, 26680, 1532, 3867, 29908, 263, 766, 262, 1760, 573, 304, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 916, 3633, 1934, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 29889, 2823, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29889, 450, 13331, 310, 1316, 9753, 1953, 29892, 3138, 29892, 338, 11220, 13016, 304, 278, 3633, 424, 470, 25008, 1058, 1232, 267, 902, 4982, 297, 3240, 2606, 362, 363, 902, 14231, 304, 752, 368, 411, 278, 3185, 29915, 29879, 11780, 565, 29892, 408, 278, 16317, 296, 723, 505, 372, 29892, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 947, 451, 9025, 902, 304, 16508, 337, 2611, 271, 882, 470, 1250, 10472, 29889, 13, 29896, 29945, 8512, 278, 16317, 296, 14661, 393, 278, 9033, 29933, 750, 451, 4944, 376, 1753, 2344, 573, 7542, 2450, 29908, 373, 278, 2228, 7536, 304, 1706, 3993, 29892, 1400, 472, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 278, 9033, 29933, 376, 276, 412, 630, 368, 21551, 518, 30152, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29962, 408, 2756, 3278, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 304, 22873, 310, 518, 9053, 29962, 8078, 943, 29908, 1434, 1706, 3993, 29889, 2823, 1706, 3993, 29892, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29994, 29896, 29896, 29896, 2992, 1696, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29929, 29892, 282, 29889, 29871, 29945, 313, 29883, 11407, 7536, 1602, 12112, 467, 13, 29896, 29953, 1334, 508, 5948, 18918, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 2437, 10610, 310, 263, 5229, 11118, 515, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29946, 29892, 278, 20749, 950, 13249, 23933, 3185, 29892, 317, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29945, 29929, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29947, 386, 6005, 1696, 29871, 29906, 29881, 317, 404, 1696, 16683, 29896, 29896, 29953, 29898, 29890, 511, 607 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.500205	1.26209	-0.302937	-0.307618
would have amended §1514A explicitly to cover employees of investment advisers and affiliates. Brief for Respondents 34–35. "[F]ailed legislative proposals are a particularly dangerous ground on which to rest an interpretation of a prior statute." United States v. Craft, 535 U. S. 274, 287 (2002) (internal quotation marks omitted). Where, as here, the proposed amendment amounted to six lines in a 51-page bill that died without any committee action, its failure is scarcely relevant to Congress' intentions regarding a different bill enacted two years earlier. 17 FMR acknowledges that plaintiffs' claims could have proceeded under Dodd-Frank, but for the date of enactment. Brief for Respondents 43. 18 Section 1107 of the Act is of similar breadth, declaring it a criminal offense to "tak[e] any action harmful to any person, including interference with the lawful employment or livelihood of any person, for providing to a law enforcement officer any truthful information relating to the commission or possible commission of any Federal offense." 18 U. S. C. §1513(e). 19 For other provisions borrowing from AIR 21, see 49 U. S. C. §20109, governing rail carriers, which incorporates AIR 21's enforcement procedures, and §31105, governing motor carriers, which incorporates AIR 21's proof burdens. 20 The ARB has also interpreted similarly worded whistleblower protection provisions in the Pipeline Safety Improvement Act of 2002, 49 U. S. C. §60129(a), and the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974, 42 U. S. C. §5851(a), as protecting employees of contractors. See Rocha v. AHR Utility Corp., ARB No. 07–112, ALJ No. 2006–PSI–001 etc., p. 2 (June 25, 2009); Robinson v. Triconex Corp., ARB No. 10–013, ALJ No. 2006–ERA–031, pp. 8–9 (Mar. 28, 2012). 21 FMR protests that there is no court of appeals precedent on point, Brief for Respondents 24, n. 6, but the courts of appeals are not, of course, the only lodestar for determining whether a proposition of law is plainly established. 22 The dissent suggests the provisions' headings are also distinguishable because §42121's title—"Protection of employees providing air safety information"—"comfortably encompasses the employees of contractors." Post, at 8. The dissent omits, however, the subsection heading directly following the title: "Discrimination against airline employees." §42121(a). Justice Scalia, with whom Justice Thomas joins, concurring in principal part and concurring in the judgment. I agree with the Court's conclusion that 18 U. S. C. §1514A protects employees of private contractors from retaliation when they report covered forms of fraud. As the Court carefully demonstrates, that conclusion logically flows from §1514A's text and broader context. I therefore join the Court's opinion in principal part. I do not endorse, however, the Court's occasional excursions beyond the interpretative terra firma of text and context, into the swamps of legislative history. Reliance on legislative history rests upon several frail premises. First, and most important: That the statute means what Congress intended. It does not. Because we are a govern-ment of laws, not of men, and are governed by what Congress enacted rather than by what it intended, the sole object of the interpretative enterprise is to determine what a law says. Second: That there was a congressional "intent" apart from that reflected in the enacted text. On most issues of detail that come before this Court, I am confident that the majority of Senators and Representatives had no views whatever	[ 723, 505, 626, 2760, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 9479, 304, 4612, 22873, 310, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 322, 23736, 1078, 29889, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29941, 29946, 29994, 29941, 29945, 29889, 14704, 29943, 29962, 29874, 2356, 13332, 1230, 9551, 1338, 526, 263, 10734, 18215, 5962, 373, 607, 304, 1791, 385, 19854, 310, 263, 7536, 1002, 1082, 1213, 3303, 3900, 325, 29889, 315, 4154, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29941, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29947, 29955, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29897, 313, 7564, 13911, 362, 17997, 25811, 467, 6804, 29892, 408, 1244, 29892, 278, 7972, 626, 355, 358, 5253, 287, 304, 4832, 3454, 297, 263, 29871, 29945, 29896, 29899, 3488, 11118, 393, 6423, 1728, 738, 21118, 3158, 29892, 967, 10672, 338, 20558, 8018, 304, 11559, 29915, 7609, 1080, 11211, 263, 1422, 11118, 427, 627, 287, 1023, 2440, 8859, 29889, 13, 29896, 29955, 20499, 29934, 24084, 2710, 393, 2174, 524, 28324, 29915, 16726, 1033, 505, 24825, 1090, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 29892, 541, 363, 278, 2635, 310, 427, 627, 358, 29889, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29946, 29941, 29889, 13, 29896, 29947, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29900, 29955, 310, 278, 3185, 338, 310, 2788, 18423, 386, 29892, 25136, 372, 263, 22161, 1283, 1947, 304, 376, 29873, 557, 29961, 29872, 29962, 738, 3158, 10311, 1319, 304, 738, 2022, 29892, 3704, 1006, 1659, 411, 278, 4307, 1319, 5703, 358, 470, 7294, 22342, 310, 738, 2022, 29892, 363, 13138, 304, 263, 4307, 24555, 13561, 12139, 738, 8760, 1319, 2472, 1104, 1218, 304, 278, 12969, 470, 1950, 12969, 310, 738, 14879, 1283, 1947, 1213, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29941, 29898, 29872, 467, 13, 29896, 29929, 1152, 916, 1326, 12112, 27942, 292, 515, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29892, 1074, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29929, 29892, 14765, 1076, 8367, 19638, 414, 29892, 607, 11039, 1078, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 24555, 13561, 28648, 29892, 322, 16683, 29941, 29896, 29896, 29900, 29945, 29892, 14765, 1076, 10992, 19638, 414, 29892, 607, 11039, 1078, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 5296, 6866, 21518, 29889, 13, 29906, 29900, 450, 9033, 29933, 756, 884, 21551, 22829, 1734, 287, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 1326, 12112, 297, 278, 349, 23828, 14795, 3305, 1954, 16123, 882, 3185, 310, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29953, 29900, 29896, 29906, 29929, 29898, 29874, 511, 322, 278, 24836, 830, 6388, 2133, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29906, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29945, 29947, 29945, 29896, 29898, 29874, 511, 408, 12566, 292, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 29889, 2823, 1528, 5815, 325, 29889, 319, 20938, 22310, 537, 2994, 29886, 1696, 9033, 29933, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29900, 29955, 29994, 29896, 29896, 29906, 29892, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29953, 29994, 29925, 5425, 29994, 29900, 29900, 29896, 2992, 1696, 282, 29889, 29871, 29906, 313, 29967, 1540, 29871, 29906, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29929, 416, 22265, 325, 29889, 1605, 293, 650, 29916, 2994, 29886, 1696, 9033, 29933, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29994, 29900, 29896, 29941, 29892, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29953, 29994, 1001, 29909, 29994, 29900, 29941, 29896, 29892, 6499, 29889, 29871, 29947, 29994, 29929, 313, 7083, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29947, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 467, 13, 29906, 29896, 20499, 29934, 10021, 29879, 393, 727, 338, 694, 8973, 310, 5929, 1338, 9399, 296, 373, 1298, 29892, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29906, 29946, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29892, 541, 278, 28033, 310, 5929, 1338, 526, 451, 29892, 310, 3236, 29892, 278, 871, 21896, 342, 279, 363, 3683, 2827, 3692, 263, 26619, 310, 4307, 338, 8656, 368, 7841, 29889, 13, 29906, 29906, 450, 16317, 296, 14661, 278, 1326, 12112, 29915, 2343, 886, 526, 884, 20820, 519, 1363, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 3611, 30003, 29908, 1184, 371, 428, 310, 22873, 13138, 4799, 15332, 2472, 29908, 30003, 29908, 510, 3921, 2197, 427, 2388, 465, 267, 278, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 1213, 4918, 29892, 472, 29871, 29947, 29889, 450, 16317, 296, 2703, 1169, 29892, 3138, 29892, 278, 1014, 2042, 28435, 4153, 1494, 278, 3611, 29901, 376, 4205, 29883, 5632, 3381, 2750, 4799, 1220, 22873, 1213, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29874, 467, 13, 14084, 625, 317, 1052, 423, 29892, 411, 6029, 17181, 5569, 26205, 29892, 3022, 1038, 292, 297, 5882, 760, 322, 3022, 1038, 292, 297, 278, 24284, 29889, 13, 29902, 8661, 411, 278, 9245, 29915, 29879, 15997, 393, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 12566, 29879, 22873, 310, 2024, 8078, 943, 515, 3240, 2606, 362, 746, 896, 3461, 10664, 7190, 310, 5227, 566, 29889, 1094, 278, 9245, 16112, 9004, 1078, 29892, 393, 15997, 1480, 1711, 24536, 515, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 1426, 322, 2545, 1664, 3030, 29889, 306, 5480, 5988, 278, 9245, 29915, 29879, 9426, 297, 5882, 760, 29889, 13, 29902, 437, 451, 1095, 272, 344, 29892, 3138, 29892, 278, 9245, 29915, 29879, 14882, 1848, 5566, 1295, 1080, 8724, 278, 6613, 1230, 15087, 13734, 655, 310, 1426, 322, 3030, 29892, 964, 278, 2381, 15092, 310, 13332, 1230, 4955, 29889, 6376, 8837, 373, 13332, 1230, 4955, 1791, 29879, 2501, 3196, 5227, 309, 5188, 4637, 29889, 3824, 29892, 322, 1556, 4100, 29901, 2193, 278, 1002, 1082, 2794, 825, 11559, 9146, 29889, 739, 947, 451, 29889, 7311, 591, 526, 263, 4095, 29899, 358, 310, 14243, 29892, 451, 310, 1757, 29892, 322, 526, 4095, 287, 491, 825, 11559, 427, 627, 287, 3265, 1135, 491, 825, 372, 9146, 29892, 278, 14419, 1203, 310, 278, 6613, 1230, 3896, 7734, 338, 304, 8161, 825, 263, 4307, 4083, 29889, 6440, 29901, 2193, 727, 471, 263, 378, 11476, 284, 376, 14029, 29908, 12435, 515, 393, 25312, 297, 278, 427, 627, 287, 1426, 29889, 1551, 1556, 5626, 310, 9493, 393, 2041, 1434, 445, 9245, 29892, 306, 626, 24332, 393, 278, 13638, 310, 5811, 4097, 322, 28757, 750, 694, 8386, 6514 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.211687	1.288046	-0.011538	-0.072351
on how the issues should be resolved—indeed, were unaware of the issues entirely. Third: That the views expressed in a committee report or a floor statement represent those of all the Members of that House. Many of them almost certainly did not read the report or hear the statement, much less agree with it—not to mention the Members of the other House and the President who signed the bill. Since congressional "intent" apart from enacted text is fiction to begin with, courts understandably allow themselves a good deal of poetic license in defining it. Today's opinion is no exception. It cites parts of the legislative record that are consistent with its holding that §1514A covers employees of private contractors and subcontractors, but it ignores other parts that unequivocally cut in the opposite direction. For example, the following remark by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act's lead sponsor in the Senate: "[L]et me make very clear that [the Act] applies exclusively to public companies—that is, to companies registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission. It is not applicable to pr[i]v[at]e companies,[ 1 ] who make up the vast majority of companies across the country." 148 Cong. Rec. 14440 (2002) (remarks of Sen. Sarbanes). Two other minor points in the Court's opinion I do not agree with. First, I do not rely on the fact that a separate anti-retaliation provision, 49 U. S. C. §42121(a), "has been read" by an administrative tribunal to cover contractor employees. Ante, at 29. Section 1514A(b)(2), entitled "Procedure," contains cross-references to the procedural rules set forth in §42121(b), but the substantive provisions of §1514A(a) are worded quite differently from the substantive prohibition of §42121, which is contained in subsection (a)—thus making interpretation of the latter an unreliable guide to §1514A's meaning. Second, I do not agree with the Court's acceptance of the possible validity of the Government's suggestion that "§1514A protects contractor employees only to the extent that their whistleblowing relates to 'the contractor . . . fulfilling its role as a contractor for the public company.' " Ante, at 23 (quoting Tr. of Oral Arg. 18–19). Although that "limiting principl[e]," ibid., may be appealing from a policy standpoint, it has no basis whatsoever in the statute's text. So long as an employee works for one of the actors enumerated in §1514A(a) and reports a covered form of fraud in a manner identified in §1514(a)(1)–(2), the employee is protected from retaliation. For all the other reasons given by the Court, the statute's text is clear, and I would reverse the judgment of the Court of Appeals and remand the case. 1 The Congressional Record reads "provide companies," but context as well as grammar makes clear that this is a scrivener's error for "private companies." Justice Sotomayor, with whom Justice Kennedy and Justice Alito join, dissenting. Section 806 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 116Stat. 802, forbids any public company, 1 or any "officer, em-ployee, contractor, subcontractor, or agent of such company," to retaliate against "an employee" who reports a potential fraud. 18 U. S. C. §1514A(a). The Court recognizes that the core purpose of the Act is to "safeguard investors in public companies." Ante, at 1. And the Court points out that Congress entitled the whistleblower provision, "Protection for Employees of Publicly Traded Companies Who Provide Evidence of Fraud." §806, 116Stat. 802. Despite these clear markers of intent, the Court does not construe §1514A to apply only to public company employees who blow the whistle on fraud relating to their public company employers. The Court instead holds that the law encompasses any	[ 373, 920, 278, 5626, 881, 367, 11527, 30003, 25201, 287, 29892, 892, 1185, 2519, 310, 278, 5626, 9186, 29889, 18008, 29901, 2193, 278, 8386, 13384, 297, 263, 21118, 3461, 470, 263, 11904, 3229, 2755, 1906, 310, 599, 278, 341, 13415, 310, 393, 5619, 29889, 9267, 310, 963, 4359, 8959, 1258, 451, 1303, 278, 3461, 470, 8293, 278, 3229, 29892, 1568, 3109, 8661, 411, 372, 30003, 1333, 304, 3585, 278, 341, 13415, 310, 278, 916, 5619, 322, 278, 7178, 1058, 8794, 278, 11118, 29889, 13, 23036, 378, 11476, 284, 376, 14029, 29908, 12435, 515, 427, 627, 287, 1426, 338, 24159, 304, 3380, 411, 29892, 28033, 2274, 2197, 2758, 6053, 263, 1781, 5376, 310, 772, 7492, 19405, 297, 16184, 372, 29889, 20628, 29915, 29879, 9426, 338, 694, 3682, 29889, 739, 274, 3246, 5633, 310, 278, 13332, 1230, 2407, 393, 526, 13747, 411, 967, 13587, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 18469, 22873, 310, 2024, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29892, 541, 372, 5330, 2361, 916, 5633, 393, 1597, 339, 440, 542, 635, 5700, 297, 278, 11564, 5305, 29889, 1152, 1342, 29892, 278, 1494, 8509, 491, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 29915, 29879, 3275, 21955, 272, 297, 278, 18148, 29901, 14704, 29931, 29962, 300, 592, 1207, 1407, 2821, 393, 518, 1552, 3185, 29962, 16058, 13489, 3598, 304, 970, 14582, 30003, 5747, 338, 29892, 304, 14582, 15443, 411, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 322, 24004, 11444, 29889, 739, 338, 451, 22903, 304, 544, 29961, 29875, 29962, 29894, 29961, 271, 29962, 29872, 14582, 17094, 29871, 29896, 4514, 1058, 1207, 701, 278, 13426, 13638, 310, 14582, 4822, 278, 4234, 1213, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29947, 6005, 29889, 3599, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29946, 29946, 29900, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29897, 313, 1745, 17862, 310, 5811, 29889, 7745, 2571, 267, 467, 13, 13985, 916, 9461, 3291, 297, 278, 9245, 29915, 29879, 9426, 306, 437, 451, 8661, 411, 29889, 3824, 29892, 306, 437, 451, 19104, 373, 278, 2114, 393, 263, 5004, 9418, 29899, 2267, 2606, 362, 25161, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29874, 511, 376, 5349, 1063, 1303, 29908, 491, 385, 19185, 9434, 17507, 304, 4612, 8078, 272, 22873, 29889, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29929, 29889, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29890, 5033, 29906, 511, 23437, 376, 1184, 26600, 1699, 3743, 4891, 29899, 276, 10662, 304, 278, 6449, 3631, 6865, 731, 11483, 297, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29890, 511, 541, 278, 20446, 573, 1326, 12112, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 526, 1734, 287, 3755, 17587, 515, 278, 20446, 573, 21460, 654, 310, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29892, 607, 338, 11122, 297, 1014, 2042, 313, 29874, 29897, 30003, 386, 375, 3907, 19854, 310, 278, 7480, 385, 443, 276, 492, 519, 10754, 304, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 6593, 29889, 6440, 29892, 306, 437, 451, 8661, 411, 278, 9245, 29915, 29879, 3544, 749, 310, 278, 1950, 2854, 537, 310, 278, 10354, 29915, 29879, 8998, 393, 376, 30152, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 12566, 29879, 8078, 272, 22873, 871, 304, 278, 15834, 393, 1009, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 1104, 1078, 304, 525, 1552, 8078, 272, 869, 869, 869, 6095, 5589, 292, 967, 6297, 408, 263, 8078, 272, 363, 278, 970, 5001, 6169, 376, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29941, 313, 339, 11427, 1605, 29889, 310, 1394, 284, 11842, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29994, 29896, 29929, 467, 8512, 393, 376, 2576, 11407, 2623, 572, 29961, 29872, 1402, 29908, 474, 23883, 1696, 1122, 367, 5929, 12818, 515, 263, 8898, 2317, 3149, 29892, 372, 756, 694, 8405, 825, 578, 1310, 297, 278, 1002, 1082, 29915, 29879, 1426, 29889, 1105, 1472, 408, 385, 19001, 1736, 363, 697, 310, 278, 29701, 22447, 630, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 322, 13676, 263, 10664, 883, 310, 5227, 566, 297, 263, 8214, 15659, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29896, 29897, 29994, 29898, 29906, 511, 278, 19001, 338, 6364, 515, 3240, 2606, 362, 29889, 13, 2831, 599, 278, 916, 9590, 2183, 491, 278, 9245, 29892, 278, 1002, 1082, 29915, 29879, 1426, 338, 2821, 29892, 322, 306, 723, 11837, 278, 24284, 310, 278, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 322, 1083, 392, 278, 1206, 29889, 13, 29896, 450, 6005, 29878, 15750, 14164, 13623, 376, 16123, 680, 14582, 1699, 541, 3030, 408, 1532, 408, 25437, 3732, 2821, 393, 445, 338, 263, 269, 20812, 759, 29915, 29879, 1059, 363, 376, 9053, 14582, 1213, 13, 14084, 625, 317, 327, 290, 388, 272, 29892, 411, 6029, 17181, 23166, 322, 17181, 838, 2049, 5988, 29892, 16317, 296, 292, 29889, 13, 13438, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29953, 310, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 310, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29953, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29906, 29892, 19752, 4841, 738, 970, 5001, 29892, 29871, 29896, 470, 738, 376, 29877, 2416, 261, 29892, 953, 29899, 29886, 10164, 29892, 8078, 272, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 470, 10823, 310, 1316, 5001, 1699, 304, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 1058, 13676, 263, 7037, 5227, 566, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 467, 450, 9245, 5936, 7093, 393, 278, 7136, 6437, 310, 278, 3185, 338, 304, 376, 29879, 2142, 24024, 538, 13258, 943, 297, 970, 14582, 1213, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29889, 1126, 278, 9245, 3291, 714, 393, 11559, 23437, 278, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 25161, 29892, 376, 1184, 371, 428, 363, 7361, 2376, 12712, 310, 5236, 368, 1605, 11932, 3831, 273, 583, 11644, 9133, 680, 7298, 5084, 310, 7347, 566, 1213, 16683, 29947, 29900, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29953, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29906, 29889, 19454, 1438, 2821, 29320, 310, 7609, 29892, 278, 9245, 947, 451, 378, 710, 434, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 3394, 871, 304, 970, 5001, 22873, 1058, 13031, 278, 377, 391, 280, 373, 5227, 566, 1104, 1218, 304, 1009, 970, 5001, 5703, 414, 29889, 450, 9245, 2012, 8640, 393, 278, 4307, 427, 2388, 465, 267, 738 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.165773	1.329575	-0.174722	0.276755
household employee of the millions of people who work for a public company and any employee of the hundreds of thousands of private businesses that contract to perform work for a public company. The Court's interpretation gives §1514A a stunning reach. As interpreted today, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act au-thorizes a babysitter to bring a federal case against his employer—a parent who happens to work at the local Walmart (a public company)—if the parent stops employing the babysitter after he expresses concern that the parent's teenage son may have participated in an Internet purchase fraud. And it opens the door to a cause of action against a small business that contracts to clean the local Starbucks (a public company) if an employee is demoted after reporting that another nonpublic company client has mailed the cleaning company a fraudulent invoice. Congress was of course free to create this kind of sweeping regime that subjects a multitude of individuals and private businesses to litigation over fraud reports that have no connection to, or impact on, the interests of pub-lic company shareholders. But because nothing in the text, context, or purpose of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act suggests that Congress actually wanted to do so, I respectfully dissent. Although the majority correctly starts its analysis with the statutory text, it fails to recognize that §1514A is deeply ambiguous. Three indicators of Congress' intent clearly resolve this ambiguity in favor of a narrower interpretation of §1514A: the statute's headings, the statutory context, and the absurd results that follow from the majority's interpretation. The majority begins its textual analysis by declaring that the " 'relevant syntactic elements' " of §1514A are that " ' "no . . . contractor . . . may discharge . . . an employee." ' " Ante, at 9. After " 'boiling . . . down' " the text to this formulation, the majority concludes that the "ordinary meaning of 'an employee' " is obviously "the contractor's own employee." Ibid. If that were what the statute said, the majority's decision would undoubtedly be correct. But §1514A(a) actu-ally provides that "[n]o [public] company . . . or any officer, employee, contractor, subcontractor, or agent of such company . . . may discharge, demote, suspend, threaten, harass, or in any other manner discriminate against an employee." The provision thus does not speak only (or even primarily) to "contractors." It speaks to public companies, and then includes a list of five types of representatives that companies hire to carry out their business: "officer[s], employee[s], contractor[s], subcontractor[s], [and] agent[s]." Read in full, then, the statute is ambiguous. The majority is correct that it may be read broadly, to create a cause of action both for employees of public companies and for employees of the enumerated public company representatives. But the statute can also be read more narrowly, to prohibit the public company and the listed representatives—all of whom act on the company's behalf—from retaliating against just the public company's employees. The narrower reading of the text makes particular sense when one considers the other terms in the list of com-pany representatives. The majority acknowledges that, as a matter of "gramma[r]," the scope of protected employees must be consistent with respect to all five types of com-pany representatives listed in §1514A(a). Ante, at 15. Yet the Government and petitioners readily concede that §1514A is meant to bar two of the enumerated repre-sentatives—"officer[s]" and "employee[s]"—from retaliating against other employees of the public company, as opposed to their own babysitters and housekeepers. See Brief for United States as Amicus Curiae 16 (§1514A "impose[s] personal liability on corporate officers and employees who are involved in retaliation against other employees of their employer"); Brief for Petitioners 12 (similar). The Department of Labor's Administrative Review Board (ARB) agrees. Spinner v. David Landau & Assoc., LLC, No. 10–111 etc., ALJ No	[ 22329, 19001, 310, 278, 14746, 310, 2305, 1058, 664, 363, 263, 970, 5001, 322, 738, 19001, 310, 278, 21006, 310, 17202, 310, 2024, 5381, 267, 393, 8078, 13, 517, 2189, 664, 363, 263, 970, 5001, 29889, 13, 1576, 9245, 29915, 29879, 19854, 4076, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 263, 380, 27389, 6159, 29889, 1094, 21551, 9826, 29892, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 782, 29899, 386, 272, 7093, 263, 289, 370, 952, 5171, 304, 6963, 263, 17097, 1206, 2750, 670, 5703, 261, 30003, 29874, 3847, 1058, 5930, 304, 664, 472, 278, 1887, 5260, 28402, 313, 29874, 970, 5001, 29897, 30003, 361, 278, 3847, 17726, 5703, 292, 278, 289, 370, 952, 5171, 1156, 540, 4653, 267, 5932, 393, 278, 3847, 29915, 29879, 734, 264, 482, 1487, 1122, 505, 25223, 297, 385, 4685, 20590, 5227, 566, 29889, 1126, 372, 13246, 278, 3050, 304, 263, 4556, 310, 3158, 2750, 263, 2319, 5381, 393, 8078, 29879, 304, 5941, 278, 1887, 7828, 2423, 4684, 313, 29874, 970, 5001, 29897, 565, 385, 19001, 338, 1261, 5715, 1156, 23415, 393, 1790, 1661, 3597, 5001, 3132, 756, 611, 2356, 278, 5941, 292, 5001, 263, 5227, 566, 352, 296, 297, 14917, 29889, 13, 29907, 549, 1253, 471, 310, 3236, 3889, 304, 1653, 445, 2924, 310, 7901, 26819, 22384, 393, 17800, 263, 1773, 4279, 310, 15724, 322, 2024, 5381, 267, 304, 11872, 335, 362, 975, 5227, 566, 13676, 393, 505, 694, 3957, 304, 29892, 470, 10879, 373, 29892, 278, 20017, 310, 2529, 29899, 506, 5001, 6232, 8948, 414, 29889, 1205, 1363, 3078, 297, 278, 1426, 29892, 3030, 29892, 470, 6437, 310, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 14661, 393, 11559, 2869, 5131, 304, 437, 577, 29892, 306, 3390, 3730, 16317, 296, 29889, 13, 2499, 3592, 278, 13638, 5149, 8665, 967, 7418, 411, 278, 1002, 329, 706, 1426, 29892, 372, 8465, 304, 18720, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 24344, 22363, 681, 29889, 12753, 4221, 4097, 310, 11559, 29915, 7609, 9436, 8814, 445, 22363, 537, 297, 7853, 310, 263, 17655, 307, 556, 19854, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29901, 278, 1002, 1082, 29915, 29879, 2343, 886, 29892, 278, 1002, 329, 706, 3030, 29892, 322, 278, 6425, 18245, 2582, 393, 1101, 515, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 19854, 29889, 13, 1576, 13638, 16410, 967, 1426, 950, 7418, 491, 25136, 393, 278, 376, 525, 276, 6591, 269, 3903, 17911, 3161, 29915, 376, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 526, 393, 376, 525, 376, 1217, 869, 869, 869, 8078, 272, 869, 869, 869, 1122, 766, 23367, 869, 869, 869, 385, 19001, 1213, 525, 376, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29929, 29889, 2860, 376, 525, 833, 6504, 869, 869, 869, 1623, 29915, 376, 278, 1426, 304, 445, 883, 2785, 29892, 278, 13638, 378, 27722, 393, 278, 376, 24310, 6593, 310, 525, 273, 19001, 29915, 376, 338, 12879, 376, 1552, 8078, 272, 29915, 29879, 1914, 19001, 1213, 306, 23883, 29889, 13, 3644, 393, 892, 825, 278, 1002, 1082, 1497, 29892, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 10608, 723, 563, 283, 3116, 23244, 367, 1959, 29889, 1205, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 20331, 29899, 635, 8128, 393, 14704, 29876, 29962, 29877, 518, 3597, 29962, 5001, 869, 869, 869, 470, 738, 12139, 29892, 19001, 29892, 8078, 272, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 470, 10823, 310, 1316, 5001, 869, 869, 869, 1122, 766, 23367, 29892, 1261, 866, 29892, 8872, 355, 29892, 20616, 29892, 4023, 465, 29892, 470, 297, 738, 916, 8214, 2313, 5632, 16976, 2750, 385, 19001, 1213, 450, 25161, 4550, 947, 451, 7726, 871, 313, 272, 1584, 19434, 29897, 304, 376, 1285, 1461, 943, 1213, 739, 7726, 29879, 304, 970, 14582, 29892, 322, 769, 7805, 263, 1051, 310, 5320, 4072, 310, 2755, 5056, 393, 14582, 298, 533, 304, 8677, 714, 1009, 5381, 29901, 376, 29877, 2416, 261, 29961, 29879, 1402, 19001, 29961, 29879, 1402, 8078, 272, 29961, 29879, 1402, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29961, 29879, 1402, 518, 392, 29962, 10823, 29961, 29879, 29962, 1213, 13, 6359, 297, 2989, 29892, 769, 29892, 278, 1002, 1082, 338, 22363, 681, 29889, 450, 13638, 338, 1959, 393, 372, 1122, 367, 1303, 7300, 368, 29892, 304, 1653, 263, 4556, 310, 3158, 1716, 363, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 322, 363, 22873, 310, 278, 22447, 630, 970, 5001, 2755, 5056, 29889, 1205, 278, 1002, 1082, 508, 884, 367, 1303, 901, 12474, 368, 29892, 304, 21460, 277, 278, 970, 5001, 322, 278, 9904, 2755, 5056, 30003, 497, 310, 6029, 1044, 373, 278, 5001, 29915, 29879, 2306, 3131, 30003, 3166, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 925, 278, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 22873, 29889, 13, 1576, 17655, 307, 556, 5183, 310, 278, 1426, 3732, 3153, 4060, 746, 697, 1136, 11376, 278, 916, 4958, 297, 278, 1051, 310, 419, 29899, 29886, 1384, 2755, 5056, 29889, 450, 13638, 24084, 2710, 393, 29892, 408, 263, 4383, 310, 376, 1393, 655, 29961, 29878, 1402, 29908, 278, 6874, 310, 6364, 22873, 1818, 367, 13747, 411, 3390, 304, 599, 5320, 4072, 310, 419, 29899, 29886, 1384, 2755, 5056, 9904, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 467, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29889, 15175, 278, 10354, 322, 5697, 654, 414, 28520, 27943, 29872, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 6839, 304, 2594, 1023, 310, 278, 22447, 630, 14767, 29899, 18616, 5056, 30003, 29908, 29877, 2416, 261, 29961, 29879, 18017, 322, 376, 26143, 29961, 29879, 18017, 30003, 3166, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 916, 22873, 310, 278, 970, 5001, 29892, 408, 15869, 304, 1009, 1914, 289, 370, 952, 277, 2153, 322, 3699, 17462, 414, 29889, 2823, 1771, 2575, 363, 3303, 3900, 408, 1913, 12473, 10837, 23395, 29871, 29896, 29953, 313, 30152, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 376, 326, 4220, 29961, 29879, 29962, 7333, 619, 3097, 373, 17266, 403, 13049, 322, 22873, 1058, 526, 9701, 297, 3240, 2606, 362, 2750, 916, 22873, 310, 1009, 5703, 261, 1496, 1771, 2575, 363, 5879, 654, 414, 29871, 29896, 29906, 313, 29764, 467, 450, 10317, 310, 16715, 29915, 29879, 24510, 1230, 13957, 12590, 313, 1718, 29933, 29897, 8571, 267, 29889, 1706, 3993, 325, 29889, 4699, 3172, 585, 669, 4007, 542, 1696, 365, 12182, 29892, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29994, 29896, 29896, 29896, 2992, 1696, 14445, 29967, 1939 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.257516	1.433398	-0.074189	0.562617
. 2010–SOX–029, p. 8 (May 31, 2012). And if §1514A prohibits an "officer" or "employee" of a public company from retaliating against only the public company's own employees, then as the majority points out, the same should be true "grammatically" of contractors, subcontractors, and agents as well, ante, at 15. 2 The majority responds by suggesting that the narrower interpretation could have been clearer if Congress had added the phrase " 'of a public company' after 'an em-ployee.' " Ante, at 9–10. Fair enough. But Congress could more clearly have dictated the majority's construction of the statute, too: It could have specified that public companies and their officers, employees, contractors, subcontractors, and agents may not retaliate against "their own employees." In any case, that Congress could have spoken with greater specificity in both directions only underscores that the words Congress actually chose are ambiguous. To resolve this ambiguity, we must rely on other markers of intent. We have long held that where the text is ambiguous, a statute's titles can offer "a useful aid in resolving [the] ambiguity." FTC v. Mandel Brothers, Inc., 359 U. S. 385–389 (1959). Here, two headings strongly suggest that Congress intended §1514A to apply only to employees of public companies. First, the title of §806—the section of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act that enacted §1514A—speaks clearly to the scope of employees protected by the provision: "Protection for Employees of Publicly Traded Companies Who Provide Evidence of Fraud." 116Stat. 802. Second, the heading of §1514A(a) reinforces that the provision provides "[w]histleblower protection for employees of publicly traded companies." The majority suggests that in covering "employees of publicly traded companies," the headings may be imprecise. Ante, at 16. Section 1514A(a) technically applies to the employees of two types of companies: those "with a class of securities registered under section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934," and those that are "required to file reports under section 15(d) of the" same Act. Both types of companies are "public" in that they are publicly owned. See ante, at 7–8. The difference is that shares of the §12 companies are listed and traded on a national securities exchange; §15(d) companies, by contrast, exchange their securities directly with the public. The headings may therefore be inexact in the sense that the phrase "publicly traded" is commonly associated with companies whose securities are traded on national exchanges. Congress, however, had good reason to use the phrase to refer to §15(d) companies as well: Section 15(d) companies are traded publicly, too. For instance, as the majority recognizes, ante, at 20, a mutual fund is one paradigmatic example of a §15(d) company. And mutual funds, like other §15(d) companies, are both publicly owned and widely traded; the trades just take place typically between the fund and its investors directly. In any case, even if referring to employees of §12 and §15(d) companies together as "employees of publicly traded companies" may be slightly imprecise, the majority's competing interpretation of §1514A would stretch the stat-ute's headings far past the point of recognition. As the majority understands the law, Congress used the term "employees of publicly traded companies" as shorthand not just for (1) employees of §12 and §15(d) companies, but also for (2) household employees of any individual who works for a §12 or §15(d) company; (3) employees of any private company that contracts with a §12 or §15(d) company; (4) employees of any private company that, even ifit does not contract with a public company, subcontracts with a private company that does; and (5) employees of any agent of a §12 or	[ 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29929, 29892, 282, 29889, 29871, 29947, 313, 12703, 29871, 29941, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 467, 1126, 565, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 21460, 1169, 385, 376, 29877, 2416, 261, 29908, 470, 376, 26143, 29908, 310, 263, 970, 5001, 515, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 871, 278, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 1914, 22873, 29892, 769, 408, 278, 13638, 3291, 714, 29892, 278, 1021, 881, 367, 1565, 376, 1393, 20300, 29908, 310, 8078, 943, 29892, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29892, 322, 19518, 408, 1532, 29892, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29889, 29871, 29906, 13, 1576, 13638, 10049, 29879, 491, 26233, 393, 278, 17655, 307, 556, 19854, 1033, 505, 1063, 26135, 565, 11559, 750, 2715, 278, 16549, 376, 525, 974, 263, 970, 5001, 29915, 1156, 525, 273, 953, 29899, 29886, 10164, 6169, 376, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29929, 29994, 29896, 29900, 29889, 13822, 3307, 29889, 1205, 11559, 1033, 901, 9436, 505, 9657, 630, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 7632, 310, 278, 1002, 1082, 29892, 2086, 29901, 739, 1033, 505, 6790, 393, 970, 14582, 322, 1009, 13049, 29892, 22873, 29892, 8078, 943, 29892, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29892, 322, 19518, 1122, 451, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 376, 1552, 381, 1914, 22873, 1213, 512, 738, 1206, 29892, 393, 11559, 1033, 505, 19182, 411, 7621, 2702, 537, 297, 1716, 18112, 871, 23400, 29883, 2361, 393, 278, 3838, 11559, 2869, 12784, 526, 22363, 681, 29889, 1763, 8814, 445, 22363, 537, 29892, 591, 1818, 19104, 373, 916, 29320, 310, 7609, 29889, 13, 4806, 505, 1472, 4934, 393, 988, 278, 1426, 338, 22363, 681, 29892, 263, 1002, 1082, 29915, 29879, 17735, 508, 5957, 376, 29874, 5407, 16226, 297, 3770, 1747, 518, 1552, 29962, 13, 14727, 537, 1213, 383, 9472, 325, 29889, 15419, 295, 25522, 29892, 9266, 1696, 29871, 29941, 29945, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29947, 29945, 29994, 29941, 29947, 29929, 313, 29896, 29929, 29945, 29929, 467, 2266, 29892, 1023, 2343, 886, 13818, 4368, 393, 11559, 9146, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 3394, 871, 304, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 29889, 3824, 29892, 278, 3611, 310, 16683, 29947, 29900, 29953, 30003, 1552, 4004, 310, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 393, 427, 627, 287, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 30003, 5965, 10327, 9436, 304, 278, 6874, 310, 22873, 6364, 491, 278, 25161, 29901, 376, 1184, 371, 428, 363, 7361, 2376, 12712, 310, 5236, 368, 1605, 11932, 3831, 273, 583, 11644, 9133, 680, 7298, 5084, 310, 7347, 566, 1213, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29953, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29906, 29889, 6440, 29892, 278, 28435, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 15561, 1454, 778, 393, 278, 25161, 8128, 14704, 29893, 29962, 29882, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 363, 22873, 310, 970, 368, 3534, 287, 14582, 1213, 13, 1576, 13638, 14661, 393, 297, 21653, 376, 3451, 2376, 12712, 310, 970, 368, 3534, 287, 14582, 1699, 278, 2343, 886, 1122, 367, 527, 17990, 895, 29889, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29889, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 5722, 1711, 16058, 304, 278, 22873, 310, 1023, 4072, 310, 14582, 29901, 1906, 376, 2541, 263, 770, 310, 409, 2764, 1907, 15443, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29906, 310, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 24004, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 1699, 322, 1906, 393, 526, 376, 12403, 304, 934, 13676, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 310, 278, 29908, 1021, 3185, 29889, 9134, 4072, 310, 14582, 526, 376, 3597, 29908, 297, 393, 896, 526, 970, 368, 15205, 29889, 2823, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29955, 29994, 29947, 29889, 450, 4328, 338, 393, 29358, 310, 278, 16683, 29896, 29906, 14582, 526, 9904, 322, 3534, 287, 373, 263, 4797, 409, 2764, 1907, 14523, 29936, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 14582, 29892, 491, 12814, 29892, 14523, 1009, 409, 2764, 1907, 4153, 411, 278, 970, 29889, 450, 2343, 886, 1122, 5480, 367, 297, 735, 627, 297, 278, 4060, 393, 278, 16549, 376, 3597, 368, 3534, 287, 29908, 338, 15574, 6942, 411, 14582, 5069, 409, 2764, 1907, 526, 3534, 287, 373, 4797, 429, 25990, 29889, 11559, 29892, 3138, 29892, 750, 1781, 2769, 304, 671, 278, 16549, 304, 2737, 304, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 14582, 408, 1532, 29901, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 14582, 526, 3534, 287, 970, 368, 29892, 2086, 29889, 1152, 2777, 29892, 408, 278, 13638, 5936, 7093, 29892, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29892, 263, 5478, 950, 5220, 338, 697, 26811, 335, 29885, 2454, 1342, 310, 263, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 5001, 29889, 1126, 5478, 950, 29199, 29892, 763, 916, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 14582, 29892, 526, 1716, 970, 368, 15205, 322, 17644, 3534, 287, 29936, 278, 534, 3076, 925, 2125, 2058, 12234, 1546, 278, 5220, 322, 967, 13258, 943, 4153, 29889, 13, 797, 738, 1206, 29892, 1584, 565, 16811, 304, 22873, 310, 16683, 29896, 29906, 322, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 14582, 4208, 408, 376, 3451, 2376, 12712, 310, 970, 368, 3534, 287, 14582, 29908, 1122, 367, 10029, 527, 17990, 895, 29892, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 5100, 292, 19854, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 723, 16116, 278, 1002, 29899, 1082, 29915, 29879, 2343, 886, 2215, 4940, 278, 1298, 310, 19679, 29889, 1094, 278, 13638, 2274, 29879, 278, 4307, 29892, 11559, 1304, 278, 1840, 376, 3451, 2376, 12712, 310, 970, 368, 3534, 287, 14582, 29908, 408, 528, 2072, 392, 451, 925, 363, 313, 29896, 29897, 22873, 310, 16683, 29896, 29906, 322, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 14582, 29892, 541, 884, 363, 313, 29906, 29897, 22329, 22873, 310, 738, 5375, 1058, 1736, 363, 263, 16683, 29896, 29906, 470, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 5001, 29936, 313, 29941, 29897, 22873, 310, 738, 2024, 5001, 393, 8078, 29879, 411, 263, 16683, 29896, 29906, 470, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 5001, 29936, 313, 29946, 29897, 22873, 310, 738, 2024, 5001, 393, 29892, 1584, 565, 277, 947, 451, 8078, 411, 263, 970, 5001, 29892, 1014, 1285, 1461, 29879, 411, 263, 2024, 5001, 393, 947, 29936, 322, 313, 29945, 29897, 22873, 310, 738, 10823, 310, 263, 16683, 29896, 29906, 470 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.19029	1.324384	-0.263486	0.253988
§15(d) company. If Congress had wanted to enact such a far-reaching provision, it would have called it something other than "[w]histleblower protection for employees of publicly traded companies." Recognizing that Congress chose headings that are inconsistent with its interpretation, the majority notes that the Court has "placed less weight on captions." Ante, at 16. But where the captions favor one interpretation so decisively, their significance should not be dismissed so quickly. As we have explained, headings are important " 'tools available for the resolution of a doubt' about the meaning of a statute." Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U. S. 224, 234 (1998) . Statutory context confirms that Congress intended §1514A to apply only to employees of public companies. To start, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act as a whole evinces a clear focus on public companies. Congress stated in the Act's preamble that its objective was to "protect investors by improving the accuracy and reliability of corporate disclosures made pursuant to the securities laws," 116Stat. 745, disclosures that public companies alone must file. The Act thus created enhanced disclosure obligations for public companies, §401; added new conflict of interest rules for their executives, §402; increased the responsibilities of their audit committees, §301; and created new rules governing insider trading by their executives and directors, §306. The common denominator among all of these provisions is their singular focus on the activities of public companies. When Congress wanted to depart from the Act's public company focus to regulate private firms and their employees, it spoke clearly. For example, §307 of the Act ordered the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to issue rules "setting forth minimum standards of professional conduct for attorneys appearing and practicing before the [SEC]," including a rule requiring outside counsel to report violations of the securities laws to public company officers and directors. 15 U. S. C. §7245. Similarly, Title I of the Act created the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) and vested it with the authorityto register, regulate, investigate, and discipline privately held outside accounting firms and their employees. §§7211–7215. And Title V required the SEC to adopt rules governing outside securities analysts when they make public recommendations regarding securities. §78o–6. Section 1514A, by contrast, does not unambiguously cover the employees of private businesses that contract with public companies or the employees of individuals who work for public companies. Far from it, for the reasons noted above. Yet as the rest of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act demonstrates, if Congress had really wanted §1514A to impose liability upon broad swaths of the private sector, it would have said so more clearly. Congress' intent to adopt the narrower understanding of §1514A is also clear when the statute is compared to the whistleblower provision that served as its model. That provision, enacted as part of the Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century, 49 U. S. C. §42121, provides that "[n]o air carrier or contractor or subcontractor of an air carrier" may retaliate against an employee who reports a potential airline safety violation. Section 42121 protects employees of contractors. But as the majority acknowledges, "Congress strayed" from §42121 in significant ways when it wrote §1514A. Ante,at 29. First, §42121 specifically defines the term "con-tractor," limiting the term to "a company that performs safetysensitive functions by contract for an air carrier." §42121(e). That is in notable distinction to §1514A, which does not define the word "contractor" as a particular type of company, instead placing the term in a list alongside individual "officer[s]" and "employee[s]" who act on a company's behalf. Second, unlike §42121, §1514A sets off the	[ 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 5001, 29889, 960, 11559, 750, 5131, 304, 427, 627, 1316, 263, 2215, 29899, 276, 9733, 25161, 29892, 372, 723, 505, 2000, 372, 1554, 916, 1135, 14704, 29893, 29962, 29882, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 363, 22873, 310, 970, 368, 3534, 287, 14582, 1213, 13, 23122, 5281, 393, 11559, 12784, 2343, 886, 393, 526, 22435, 9696, 411, 967, 19854, 29892, 278, 13638, 11486, 393, 278, 9245, 756, 376, 13974, 1133, 3109, 7688, 373, 5777, 1980, 1213, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29889, 1205, 988, 278, 5777, 1980, 7853, 697, 19854, 577, 22442, 3598, 29892, 1009, 26002, 881, 451, 367, 18918, 287, 577, 9098, 29889, 1094, 591, 505, 10824, 29892, 2343, 886, 526, 4100, 376, 525, 8504, 3625, 363, 278, 10104, 310, 263, 7404, 29915, 1048, 278, 6593, 310, 263, 1002, 1082, 1213, 838, 29885, 355, 598, 29920, 29899, 29911, 272, 690, 325, 29889, 3303, 3900, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29906, 29941, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29941, 29946, 313, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29947, 29897, 869, 13, 9513, 329, 706, 3030, 12388, 1516, 393, 11559, 9146, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 3394, 871, 304, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 29889, 1763, 1369, 29892, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 408, 263, 3353, 3415, 262, 778, 263, 2821, 8569, 373, 970, 14582, 29889, 11559, 8703, 297, 278, 3185, 29915, 29879, 758, 314, 569, 393, 967, 12091, 471, 304, 376, 14676, 312, 13258, 943, 491, 4857, 1747, 278, 13600, 322, 12536, 3097, 310, 17266, 403, 766, 11291, 1973, 1754, 12359, 29884, 424, 304, 278, 409, 2764, 1907, 14243, 1699, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29953, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29946, 29945, 29892, 766, 11291, 1973, 393, 970, 14582, 7432, 1818, 934, 29889, 450, 3185, 4550, 2825, 427, 29308, 766, 25071, 10788, 800, 363, 970, 14582, 29892, 16683, 29946, 29900, 29896, 29936, 2715, 716, 14529, 310, 4066, 6865, 363, 1009, 6704, 3145, 29892, 16683, 29946, 29900, 29906, 29936, 11664, 278, 5544, 747, 9770, 310, 1009, 12990, 277, 844, 5388, 267, 29892, 16683, 29941, 29900, 29896, 29936, 322, 2825, 716, 6865, 14765, 1076, 1663, 1241, 3534, 292, 491, 1009, 6704, 3145, 322, 1513, 943, 29892, 16683, 29941, 29900, 29953, 29889, 450, 3619, 14267, 1061, 4249, 599, 310, 1438, 1326, 12112, 338, 1009, 13512, 8569, 373, 278, 14188, 310, 970, 14582, 29889, 13, 10401, 11559, 5131, 304, 5840, 515, 278, 3185, 29915, 29879, 970, 5001, 8569, 304, 1072, 5987, 2024, 13734, 1516, 322, 1009, 22873, 29892, 372, 12707, 9436, 29889, 1152, 1342, 29892, 16683, 29941, 29900, 29955, 310, 278, 3185, 10372, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 322, 24004, 11444, 313, 1660, 29907, 29897, 304, 2228, 6865, 376, 26740, 11483, 9212, 20801, 310, 10257, 7512, 363, 1098, 272, 484, 952, 21534, 322, 4120, 18499, 1434, 278, 518, 1660, 29907, 1402, 29908, 3704, 263, 5751, 26795, 5377, 2613, 2838, 304, 3461, 5537, 800, 310, 278, 409, 2764, 1907, 14243, 304, 970, 5001, 13049, 322, 1513, 943, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29906, 29946, 29945, 29889, 20175, 29892, 18527, 306, 310, 278, 3185, 2825, 278, 5236, 6938, 16535, 292, 438, 874, 523, 12590, 313, 29925, 5454, 14824, 29897, 322, 325, 2868, 372, 411, 278, 14329, 517, 6036, 29892, 1072, 5987, 29892, 23033, 29892, 322, 29822, 5999, 2486, 4934, 5377, 3633, 292, 13734, 1516, 322, 1009, 22873, 29889, 16683, 30152, 29955, 29906, 29896, 29896, 29994, 29955, 29906, 29896, 29945, 29889, 1126, 18527, 478, 3734, 278, 3725, 29907, 304, 9332, 6865, 14765, 1076, 5377, 409, 2764, 1907, 3483, 858, 29879, 746, 896, 1207, 970, 6907, 800, 11211, 409, 2764, 1907, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29947, 29877, 29994, 29953, 29889, 13, 13438, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 491, 12814, 29892, 947, 451, 443, 14727, 5794, 4612, 278, 22873, 310, 2024, 5381, 267, 393, 8078, 411, 970, 14582, 470, 278, 22873, 310, 15724, 1058, 664, 363, 970, 14582, 29889, 8413, 515, 372, 29892, 363, 278, 9590, 11682, 2038, 29889, 15175, 408, 278, 1791, 310, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 9004, 1078, 29892, 565, 11559, 750, 2289, 5131, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 2411, 852, 619, 3097, 2501, 7300, 2381, 493, 29879, 310, 278, 2024, 17535, 29892, 372, 723, 505, 1497, 577, 901, 9436, 29889, 13, 29907, 549, 1253, 29915, 7609, 304, 9332, 278, 17655, 307, 556, 8004, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 884, 2821, 746, 278, 1002, 1082, 338, 9401, 304, 278, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 25161, 393, 6766, 408, 967, 1904, 29889, 2193, 25161, 29892, 427, 627, 287, 408, 760, 310, 278, 29022, 514, 379, 29889, 14601, 319, 14641, 512, 10147, 358, 322, 23933, 3185, 363, 278, 29871, 29906, 29896, 303, 24027, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29892, 8128, 393, 14704, 29876, 29962, 29877, 4799, 1559, 4336, 470, 8078, 272, 470, 1014, 1285, 28891, 310, 385, 4799, 1559, 4336, 29908, 1122, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 385, 19001, 1058, 13676, 263, 7037, 4799, 1220, 15332, 5537, 362, 29889, 13, 13438, 29871, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 12566, 29879, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 29889, 1205, 408, 278, 13638, 24084, 2710, 29892, 376, 29907, 549, 1253, 380, 25724, 29908, 515, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 297, 7282, 5837, 746, 372, 5456, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 530, 371, 29892, 271, 29871, 29906, 29929, 29889, 3824, 29892, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 10816, 17645, 278, 1840, 376, 535, 29899, 29873, 28891, 1699, 4046, 292, 278, 1840, 304, 376, 29874, 5001, 393, 23233, 9437, 300, 952, 575, 3321, 3168, 491, 8078, 363, 385, 4799, 1559, 4336, 1213, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29872, 467, 2193, 338, 297, 18697, 21578, 304, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 607, 947, 451, 4529, 278, 1734, 376, 1285, 28891, 29908, 408, 263, 3153, 1134, 310, 5001, 29892, 2012, 24421, 278, 1840, 297, 263, 1051, 19963, 5375, 376, 29877, 2416, 261, 29961, 29879, 18017, 322, 376, 26143, 29961, 29879, 18017, 1058, 1044, 373, 263, 5001, 29915, 29879, 2306, 3131, 29889, 6440, 29892, 25531, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29892, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 6166, 1283, 278 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.467409	1.724102	0.714717	0.861128
term "contractor" in a separate clause that is subsidiary to the primary subject of the provision—the public company itself. Third, the title of §42121 is "[p]rotection of employees providing air safety information," a title that comfortably encompasses the employees of contractors. Not so of §1514A's headings, as explained above. In short, §42121 shows that Congress had an easy-to-follow model if it wanted to protect the employees of contractors, yet chose to depart from that model in several important ways. We should not presume that choice to be accidental. See Blue Chip Stamps v. Manor Drug Stores, 421 U. S. 723, 734 (1975) . The majority relies on statutory context as well, but its examples are unconvincing. It first argues that the types of conduct prohibited by the statute—"discharge, demotion, suspension, threats, harassment, [and] discrimination in the terms and conditions of employment"—are "commonly actions an employer takes against its own employees." Ante, at 10. The problem is that §1514A does not forbid retaliation by an "employer"; it forbids retaliation by a "[public] company . . . or any officer, employee, contractor, subcontractor, or agent of such company." For the reasons already discussed, Congress could have reasonably included the five types of representatives not in their capacity as employers, but rather as representatives of the company who are barred from retaliating against a public company's employees on the company's behalf. The majority next suggests that contractors are rarely "positioned to take adverse actions against employees of the public company with whom they contract." Ante, at 10. That misconceives the nature of modern work forces, which increasingly comprise a mix of contractors and persons laboring under more typical employment relationships. For example, public companies often hire "independent contractors," of whom there are more than 10 million, 3 and contract workers, 4 of whom there are more than 11 million. 5 And they employ outside lawyers, accountants, and auditors as well. While not every person who works for a public company in these nonemployee capacities may be positioned to threaten or harass em- ployees of the public company, many are. See, e.g., Tides v. The Boeing Co., 644 F. 3d 809, 811 (CA9 2011) (noting that "approximately seventy contract auditors from [an] accounting firm" possessed "managerial authority" over the 10 Boeing employees in the company's audit division). Congress therefore had as much reason to shield a public company's employees from retaliation by the company's contractors as it had to bar retaliation by officers and employees. Otherwise, the statute would have had a gaping hole—a public company could evade §1514A simply by hiring a contractor to engage in the very retaliatory acts that an officer or employee could not. 6 The majority also too quickly dismisses the prominence of "outplacement" firms, or consultants that help companies determine whom to fire. See ante, at 11. Companies spent $3.6 billion on these services in 2009 alone. 7 Congress surely could have meant to protect public company employees against retaliation at the hands of such firms, especially in the event that the public company itself goes bankrupt (as companies engaged in fraud often do). See, e.g., Kalkunte v. DVI Financial Servs., Inc., No. 05–139 etc., ALJ No. 2004–SOX–056 (Feb. 27, 2009) (former employee of bankrupt public company permitted to bring §1514A action against corporate restructuring firm that terminated her employment). 8 The majority points next to the remedies afforded by §1514A(c), which authorizes "all relief necessary to make the employee whole," in addition to "reinstatement," "back pay," and "special damages . . . including litigation costs, expert witness fees, and reasonable attorney fees." The majority posits that Congress could not have intended to bar	[ 1840, 376, 1285, 28891, 29908, 297, 263, 5004, 11845, 393, 338, 11684, 8819, 653, 304, 278, 7601, 4967, 310, 278, 25161, 30003, 1552, 970, 5001, 3528, 29889, 18008, 29892, 278, 3611, 310, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 338, 14704, 29886, 29962, 4859, 428, 310, 22873, 13138, 4799, 15332, 2472, 1699, 263, 3611, 393, 13016, 2197, 427, 2388, 465, 267, 278, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 29889, 2216, 577, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 2343, 886, 29892, 408, 10824, 2038, 29889, 512, 3273, 29892, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 3697, 393, 11559, 750, 385, 4780, 29899, 517, 29899, 23031, 1904, 565, 372, 5131, 304, 12566, 278, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 29892, 3447, 12784, 304, 5840, 515, 393, 1904, 297, 3196, 4100, 5837, 29889, 1334, 881, 451, 2225, 2017, 393, 7348, 304, 367, 11423, 284, 29889, 2823, 10924, 678, 666, 624, 15092, 325, 29889, 2315, 272, 360, 11124, 624, 2361, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29906, 29896, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29906, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29955, 29941, 29946, 313, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29945, 29897, 869, 13, 1576, 13638, 337, 3687, 373, 1002, 329, 706, 3030, 408, 1532, 29892, 541, 967, 6455, 526, 443, 535, 3845, 3277, 29889, 739, 937, 1852, 1041, 393, 278, 4072, 310, 7512, 21460, 1573, 491, 278, 1002, 1082, 30003, 29908, 29881, 783, 279, 479, 29892, 1261, 8194, 29892, 8872, 2673, 29892, 12455, 1446, 29892, 4023, 465, 358, 29892, 518, 392, 29962, 2313, 5632, 3381, 297, 278, 4958, 322, 5855, 310, 5703, 358, 29908, 30003, 598, 376, 2055, 6194, 8820, 385, 5703, 261, 4893, 2750, 967, 1914, 22873, 1213, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 450, 1108, 338, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 947, 451, 19752, 333, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 385, 376, 3451, 2376, 261, 1769, 372, 19752, 4841, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 263, 14704, 3597, 29962, 5001, 869, 869, 869, 470, 738, 12139, 29892, 19001, 29892, 8078, 272, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 470, 10823, 310, 1316, 5001, 1213, 1152, 278, 9590, 2307, 15648, 29892, 11559, 1033, 505, 2769, 2197, 5134, 278, 5320, 4072, 310, 2755, 5056, 451, 297, 1009, 13284, 408, 5703, 414, 29892, 541, 3265, 408, 2755, 5056, 310, 278, 5001, 1058, 526, 2594, 1127, 515, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 263, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 22873, 373, 278, 5001, 29915, 29879, 2306, 3131, 29889, 13, 1576, 13638, 2446, 14661, 393, 8078, 943, 526, 23703, 376, 3283, 287, 304, 2125, 594, 3901, 8820, 2750, 22873, 310, 278, 970, 5001, 411, 6029, 896, 8078, 1213, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 2193, 3984, 535, 346, 3145, 278, 5469, 310, 5400, 664, 8249, 29892, 607, 10231, 368, 7199, 895, 263, 6837, 310, 8078, 943, 322, 12407, 10212, 292, 1090, 901, 15662, 5703, 358, 21702, 29889, 1152, 1342, 29892, 970, 14582, 4049, 298, 533, 376, 262, 18980, 8078, 943, 1699, 310, 6029, 727, 526, 901, 1135, 29871, 29896, 29900, 7284, 29892, 29871, 29941, 322, 8078, 17162, 29892, 29871, 29946, 310, 6029, 727, 526, 901, 1135, 29871, 29896, 29896, 7284, 29889, 29871, 29945, 1126, 896, 5703, 5377, 4307, 29891, 414, 29892, 3633, 1934, 29892, 322, 12990, 17259, 408, 1532, 29889, 5806, 451, 1432, 2022, 1058, 1736, 363, 263, 970, 5001, 297, 1438, 1661, 26143, 11101, 1907, 1122, 367, 2602, 287, 304, 20616, 470, 4023, 465, 953, 29899, 13, 29886, 2376, 12712, 310, 278, 970, 5001, 29892, 1784, 526, 29889, 2823, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 323, 2247, 325, 29889, 450, 1952, 22430, 3189, 1696, 29871, 29953, 29946, 29946, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29929, 29892, 29871, 29947, 29896, 29896, 313, 5454, 29929, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29896, 29897, 313, 1333, 292, 393, 376, 9961, 2657, 2486, 16741, 29891, 8078, 12990, 17259, 515, 518, 273, 29962, 3633, 292, 9226, 29908, 25622, 376, 12847, 616, 14329, 29908, 975, 278, 29871, 29896, 29900, 1952, 22430, 22873, 297, 278, 5001, 29915, 29879, 12990, 277, 8542, 467, 11559, 5480, 750, 408, 1568, 2769, 304, 28761, 263, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 22873, 515, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 278, 5001, 29915, 29879, 8078, 943, 408, 372, 750, 304, 2594, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 13049, 322, 22873, 29889, 13466, 29892, 278, 1002, 1082, 723, 505, 750, 263, 17261, 292, 16188, 30003, 29874, 970, 5001, 1033, 321, 1564, 311, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 3763, 491, 298, 8491, 263, 8078, 272, 304, 3033, 482, 297, 278, 1407, 3240, 2606, 7606, 14741, 393, 385, 12139, 470, 19001, 1033, 451, 29889, 29871, 29953, 13, 1576, 13638, 884, 2086, 9098, 18918, 267, 278, 2504, 262, 663, 310, 376, 449, 29886, 9552, 29908, 13734, 1516, 29892, 470, 8799, 1934, 393, 1371, 14582, 8161, 6029, 304, 3974, 29889, 2823, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29889, 3831, 273, 583, 10398, 395, 29941, 29889, 29953, 24464, 373, 1438, 5786, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29929, 7432, 29889, 29871, 29955, 11559, 18880, 1033, 505, 6839, 304, 12566, 970, 5001, 22873, 2750, 3240, 2606, 362, 472, 278, 6567, 310, 1316, 13734, 1516, 29892, 7148, 297, 278, 1741, 393, 278, 970, 5001, 3528, 5771, 9124, 6685, 313, 294, 14582, 17785, 297, 5227, 566, 4049, 437, 467, 2823, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 476, 2235, 17316, 325, 29889, 360, 18118, 4231, 273, 1455, 1816, 4270, 1696, 9266, 1696, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29900, 29945, 29994, 29896, 29941, 29929, 2992, 1696, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29946, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29945, 29953, 313, 29943, 774, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29929, 29897, 313, 24784, 19001, 310, 9124, 6685, 970, 5001, 21905, 304, 6963, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 3158, 2750, 17266, 403, 1791, 1247, 3864, 9226, 393, 29185, 902, 5703, 358, 467, 29871, 29947, 13, 1576, 13638, 3291, 2446, 304, 278, 1083, 287, 583, 21750, 287, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29883, 511, 607, 4148, 7093, 376, 497, 18892, 5181, 304, 1207, 278, 19001, 3353, 1699, 297, 6124, 304, 376, 276, 2611, 271, 882, 1699, 376, 1627, 5146, 1699, 322, 376, 18732, 5625, 1179, 869, 869, 869, 3704, 11872, 335, 362, 21544, 29892, 17924, 16277, 1238, 267, 29892, 322, 15590, 1098, 25252, 1238, 267, 1213, 450, 13638, 926, 1169, 393, 11559, 1033, 451, 505, 9146, 304, 2594 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.153249	1.158268	-0.056145	0.347588
contractors from retaliating against public company employees because one of the remedies (reinstatement) would likely be outside of the contractor's power. Ante, at 13. But there is no requirement that a statute must make every type of remedy available against every type of defendant. A contractor can compensate a whistleblower with backpay, costs, and fees, and that is more than enough for the statute's remedial scheme to make sense. The majority's reference to the affirmative defense for public company "employers" who lack "knowledge" that an employee has participated in a proceeding relating to the fraud report, ante, at 12 (citing §1514(A)(a)(2)), fails for a similar reason. There is no rule that Congress may only provide an affirmative defense if it is available to every conceivable defendant. Finally, the majority's reading runs afoul of the precept that "interpretations of a statute which would produce absurd results are to be avoided if alternative interpretations consistent with the legislative purpose are avail-able." Griffin v. Oceanic Contractors, Inc., 458 U. S. 564, 575 (1982) . The majority's interpretation transforms §1514A into a sweeping source of litigation that Congress could not have intended. As construed by the majority, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act regulates employment relationships between individuals and their nannies, housekeepers, and caretakers, subjecting individual employers to litigation if their employees claim to have been harassed for providing information regarding any of a host of offenses. If, for example, a nanny is discharged after expressing a concern to his employer that the employer's teenage son may be participating in some Internet fraud, the nanny can bring a §1514A suit. The employer may prevail, of course, if the nanny cannot prove he was fired "because of" the fraud report. §1514A. But there is little reason to think Congress intended to sweep such disputes into federal court. Nor is it plausible that Congress intended the Act to impose costly litigation burdens on any private business that happens to have an ongoing contract with a public company. As the majority acknowledges, the purpose of the Act was to protect public company investors and the financial markets. Yet the majority might well embroil federal agencies and courts in the resolution of mundane labor disputes that have nothing to do with such concerns. For instance, a construction worker could file a §1514A suit against her employer (that has a long-term contract with a public company) if the worker is demoted after reporting that another client has mailed the company a false invoice. 9 The majority's interpretation also produces truly odd distinctions. Under the rule it announces, a babysitter can bring a §1514A retaliation suit against his employerif his employer is a checkout clerk for the local PetSmart (a public company), but not if she is a checkout clerk for the local Petco (a private company). Likewise, the day laborer who works for a construction business can avail himself of §1514A if her company has been hired to help remodel the local Dick's Sporting Goods store (a public company), but not if it is remodeling a nearby Sports Authority (a private company). In light of the reasonable alternative reading of §1514A, there is no reason to accept these absurd results. The majority begs to differ, arguing that "[t]here is scant evidence" that lawsuits have been brought by the multitude of newly covered employees " 'who have no exposure to investor-related activities and thus could not possibly assist in detecting investor fraud.' " Ante, at 22. Until today, however, no court has deemed §1514A applicable to household employees of individuals who work for public companies; even the Department of Labor's ARB rejected that view. Spinner, ALJ No. 2010–SOX–029, at 8. And as the District Court noted, prior to the ARB's 2012 decision in Spinner, the ARB "ha[d] yet to provide . . . definitive clarification" on the question whether §1514A extends to the employees of a public company	[ 8078, 943, 515, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 970, 5001, 22873, 1363, 697, 310, 278, 1083, 287, 583, 313, 276, 2611, 271, 882, 29897, 723, 5517, 367, 5377, 310, 278, 8078, 272, 29915, 29879, 3081, 29889, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29889, 1205, 727, 338, 694, 11809, 393, 263, 1002, 1082, 1818, 1207, 1432, 1134, 310, 1083, 7584, 3625, 2750, 1432, 1134, 310, 822, 5818, 29889, 319, 8078, 272, 508, 22874, 403, 263, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 411, 1250, 10472, 29892, 21544, 29892, 322, 1238, 267, 29892, 322, 393, 338, 901, 1135, 13, 264, 820, 363, 278, 1002, 1082, 29915, 29879, 1083, 287, 616, 11380, 304, 1207, 4060, 29889, 450, 13638, 29915, 29879, 3407, 304, 278, 2756, 3568, 1230, 26406, 363, 970, 5001, 376, 3451, 2376, 414, 29908, 1058, 10225, 376, 28385, 5485, 29908, 393, 385, 19001, 756, 25223, 297, 263, 8469, 292, 1104, 1218, 304, 278, 5227, 566, 3461, 29892, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29906, 313, 29883, 11407, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29898, 29909, 5033, 29874, 5033, 29906, 8243, 8465, 363, 263, 2788, 2769, 29889, 1670, 338, 694, 5751, 393, 11559, 1122, 871, 3867, 385, 2756, 3568, 1230, 26406, 565, 372, 338, 3625, 304, 1432, 10628, 440, 519, 822, 5818, 29889, 13, 12881, 635, 29892, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 5183, 6057, 2511, 5059, 310, 278, 758, 1547, 393, 376, 1639, 19819, 800, 310, 263, 1002, 1082, 607, 723, 7738, 6425, 18245, 2582, 526, 304, 367, 28305, 565, 8671, 6613, 800, 13747, 411, 278, 13332, 1230, 6437, 526, 20847, 29899, 519, 1213, 22990, 262, 325, 29889, 21091, 293, 2866, 1461, 943, 29892, 9266, 1696, 29871, 29946, 29945, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29945, 29953, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29955, 29945, 313, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29906, 29897, 869, 450, 13638, 29915, 29879, 19854, 4327, 29879, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 964, 263, 7901, 26819, 2752, 310, 11872, 335, 362, 393, 11559, 1033, 451, 505, 9146, 29889, 1094, 6787, 287, 491, 278, 13638, 29892, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 24378, 1078, 5703, 358, 21702, 1546, 15724, 322, 1009, 302, 812, 583, 29892, 3699, 17462, 414, 29892, 322, 2562, 29873, 21079, 29892, 4967, 292, 5375, 5703, 414, 304, 11872, 335, 362, 565, 1009, 22873, 5995, 304, 505, 1063, 4023, 465, 287, 363, 13138, 2472, 11211, 738, 310, 263, 3495, 310, 1283, 11259, 29889, 960, 29892, 363, 1342, 29892, 263, 302, 14763, 338, 766, 25389, 287, 1156, 4653, 292, 263, 5932, 304, 670, 5703, 261, 393, 278, 5703, 261, 29915, 29879, 734, 264, 482, 1487, 1122, 367, 5221, 1218, 297, 777, 4685, 5227, 566, 29892, 278, 302, 14763, 508, 6963, 263, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 14726, 29889, 450, 5703, 261, 1122, 12379, 737, 29892, 310, 3236, 29892, 565, 278, 302, 14763, 2609, 6356, 540, 471, 17285, 376, 18103, 310, 29908, 278, 5227, 566, 3461, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 1205, 727, 338, 2217, 2769, 304, 1348, 11559, 9146, 304, 7901, 1022, 1316, 8937, 267, 964, 17097, 8973, 29889, 13, 29940, 272, 338, 372, 2174, 375, 1821, 393, 11559, 9146, 278, 3185, 304, 2411, 852, 3438, 368, 11872, 335, 362, 6866, 21518, 373, 738, 2024, 5381, 393, 5930, 304, 505, 385, 373, 17696, 8078, 411, 263, 970, 5001, 29889, 1094, 278, 13638, 24084, 2710, 29892, 278, 6437, 310, 278, 3185, 471, 304, 12566, 970, 5001, 13258, 943, 322, 278, 18161, 2791, 1691, 29889, 15175, 278, 13638, 1795, 1532, 953, 6729, 309, 17097, 946, 15942, 322, 28033, 297, 278, 10104, 310, 286, 870, 1662, 10212, 8937, 267, 393, 505, 3078, 304, 437, 411, 1316, 21838, 29889, 1152, 2777, 29892, 263, 7632, 15645, 1033, 934, 263, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 14726, 2750, 902, 5703, 261, 313, 5747, 756, 263, 1472, 29899, 8489, 8078, 411, 263, 970, 5001, 29897, 565, 278, 15645, 338, 1261, 5715, 1156, 23415, 393, 1790, 3132, 756, 611, 2356, 278, 5001, 263, 2089, 297, 14917, 29889, 29871, 29929, 13, 1576, 13638, 29915, 29879, 19854, 884, 13880, 19781, 7736, 1320, 262, 1953, 29889, 7634, 278, 5751, 372, 7475, 778, 29892, 263, 289, 370, 952, 5171, 508, 6963, 263, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 3240, 2606, 362, 14726, 2750, 670, 5703, 261, 361, 670, 5703, 261, 338, 263, 24808, 1067, 5968, 363, 278, 1887, 5879, 12636, 442, 313, 29874, 970, 5001, 511, 541, 451, 565, 1183, 338, 263, 24808, 1067, 5968, 363, 278, 1887, 5879, 1111, 313, 29874, 2024, 5001, 467, 8502, 3538, 29892, 278, 2462, 10212, 261, 1058, 1736, 363, 263, 7632, 5381, 508, 20847, 3654, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 565, 902, 5001, 756, 1063, 298, 2859, 304, 1371, 1083, 27224, 278, 1887, 12488, 29915, 29879, 8815, 292, 7197, 29879, 3787, 313, 29874, 970, 5001, 511, 541, 451, 565, 372, 338, 1083, 397, 14067, 263, 20810, 12453, 13361, 537, 313, 29874, 2024, 5001, 467, 13, 797, 3578, 310, 278, 15590, 8671, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 727, 338, 694, 2769, 304, 3544, 1438, 6425, 18245, 2582, 29889, 450, 13638, 1812, 29879, 304, 1163, 29892, 1852, 26420, 393, 14704, 29873, 29962, 4150, 338, 885, 424, 10757, 29908, 393, 4307, 2146, 1169, 505, 1063, 6296, 491, 278, 1773, 4279, 310, 15141, 10664, 22873, 376, 525, 15970, 505, 694, 14060, 545, 304, 13258, 272, 29899, 12817, 14188, 322, 4550, 1033, 451, 10075, 13, 465, 391, 297, 6459, 292, 13258, 272, 5227, 566, 6169, 376, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29889, 28609, 9826, 29892, 3138, 29892, 694, 8973, 756, 316, 22580, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 22903, 304, 22329, 22873, 310, 15724, 1058, 664, 363, 970, 14582, 29936, 1584, 278, 10317, 310, 16715, 29915, 29879, 9033, 29933, 22225, 393, 1776, 29889, 1706, 3993, 29892, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29929, 29892, 472, 29871, 29947, 29889, 1126, 408, 278, 7457, 9245, 11682, 29892, 7536, 304, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 10608, 297, 1706, 3993, 29892, 278, 9033, 29933, 376, 2350, 29961, 29881, 29962, 3447, 304, 3867, 869, 869, 869, 8422, 573, 7542, 2450, 29908, 373, 278, 1139, 3692, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 4988, 304, 278, 22873, 310, 263, 970, 5001 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.435483	1.474927	-0.001675	0.360237
's private contractors. 724 F. Supp. 2d 141, 155 (Mass. 2010). So the fact that individuals and private businesses have yet to suffer burdensome litigation offers little assurance that the ma-jority's capacious reading of §1514A will produce no un-toward effects. Finally, it must be noted that §1514A protects the reporting of a variety of frauds—not only securities fraud, but also mail, wire, and bank fraud. By interpreting a statute that already protects an expansive class of conduct also to cover a large class of employees, today's opinion threatens to subject private companies to a costly new front of employment litigation. Congress almost certainly did not intend the statute to have that reach. The majority argues that the broader reading of §1514A is necessary because a small number of the millions of individuals and private companies affected by its ruling have a special role to play in preventing public company fraud. If §1514A does not bar retaliation against employees of contractors, the majority cautions, then law firms and accounting firms will be free to retaliate against their employees when those employees report fraud on the part of their public company clients. It is undisputed that Congress was aware of the role that outside accountants and lawyers played in the Enron debacle and the importance of encouraging them to play an active part in preventing future scandals. But it hardly follows that Congress must have meant to apply §1514A to every employee of every public company contractor, subcontractor, officer, and employee as a result. It is far more likely that Congress saw the unique ethical duties and professional concerns implicated by outside lawyers and accountants as reason to vest regulatory authority in the hands of experts with the power to sanction wrongdoers. Specifically, rather than imposing §1514A's generic approach on outside accounting firms, Congress established the PCAOB, which regulates "every detail" of an accounting firm's practice, including "supervision of au-dit work," "internal inspection procedures," "professional ethics rules," and " 'such other requirements as the Board may prescribe.' " Free Enterprise Fund v. Public Company Accounting Oversight Bd., 561 U. S. ___, ___ (2010) (slip op., at 3–4). Importantly, the PCAOB is empowered to levy "severe sanctions in its disciplinary proceedings, up to and including the permanent revocation of a firm's registration . . . and money penalties of $15 million." Id., at ___ (slip op., at 4) (citing 15 U. S. C. §7215(c)(4)). Such sanctions could well provide a more powerful incentive to prevent an accounting firm from retaliating against its employees than §1514A. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act confers similar regulatory authority upon the SEC with respect to attorneys. The Act requires the SEC to establish rules of professional conduct for attorneys, §307 (codified at 15 U. S. C. §7245), and confers broad power on the SEC to punish attorneys for "improper professional conduct," which would include, for example, a law firm partner's decision to retaliate against an associate who reports fraud. §602 (codified at 15 U. S. C. §78d–3). Indeed, the Act grants the SEC the power to censure culpable attorneys and to deny "permanently" to any such attorney the "privilege of appearing of practicing before" the SEC "in any way." §602. Congress thus evidently made the judgment that decisions concerning how best to punish law firms and accounting firms ought to be handled not by the Department of Labor, but by the SEC and the PCAOB. Such judgment should not be disturbed under usual circumstances, much less at the cost to congressional intent produced by today's ruling. The majority does offer cogent policy arguments for why Congress might have been wiser to include certain types of contractors within §1514A, noting for example that a law firm or accounting firm might be able to	[ 29915, 29879, 2024, 8078, 943, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29906, 29946, 383, 29889, 9179, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29881, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29945, 313, 29924, 465, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 467, 1105, 278, 2114, 393, 15724, 322, 2024, 5381, 267, 505, 3447, 304, 8812, 6866, 21518, 608, 11872, 335, 362, 16688, 2217, 1223, 18541, 393, 278, 611, 29899, 3418, 537, 29915, 29879, 2117, 29874, 8802, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 674, 7738, 694, 443, 29899, 29873, 340, 538, 9545, 29889, 13, 12881, 635, 29892, 372, 1818, 367, 11682, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 12566, 29879, 278, 23415, 310, 263, 12875, 310, 5227, 566, 29879, 30003, 1333, 871, 409, 2764, 1907, 5227, 566, 29892, 541, 884, 10524, 29892, 8014, 29892, 322, 9124, 5227, 566, 29889, 2648, 5133, 1259, 263, 1002, 1082, 393, 2307, 12566, 29879, 385, 1518, 550, 573, 770, 310, 7512, 884, 304, 4612, 263, 2919, 770, 310, 22873, 29892, 9826, 29915, 29879, 9426, 28469, 575, 304, 4967, 2024, 14582, 304, 263, 3438, 368, 716, 4565, 310, 5703, 358, 11872, 335, 362, 29889, 11559, 4359, 8959, 1258, 451, 24042, 278, 1002, 1082, 304, 505, 393, 6159, 29889, 13, 1576, 13638, 1852, 1041, 393, 278, 2545, 1664, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 5181, 1363, 263, 2319, 1353, 310, 278, 14746, 310, 15724, 322, 2024, 14582, 15201, 491, 967, 364, 19478, 505, 263, 4266, 6297, 304, 1708, 297, 5557, 292, 970, 5001, 5227, 566, 29889, 960, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 947, 451, 2594, 3240, 2606, 362, 2750, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 29892, 278, 13638, 5777, 17925, 29892, 769, 4307, 13734, 1516, 322, 3633, 292, 13734, 1516, 674, 367, 3889, 304, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 1009, 22873, 746, 1906, 22873, 3461, 5227, 566, 373, 278, 760, 310, 1009, 970, 5001, 13154, 29889, 13, 3112, 338, 563, 275, 649, 287, 393, 11559, 471, 9543, 310, 278, 6297, 393, 5377, 3633, 1934, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 5318, 297, 278, 1174, 1617, 2553, 6436, 322, 278, 13500, 310, 18443, 292, 963, 304, 1708, 385, 6136, 760, 297, 5557, 292, 5434, 885, 392, 1338, 29889, 1205, 372, 15155, 4477, 393, 11559, 1818, 505, 6839, 304, 3394, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 1432, 19001, 310, 1432, 970, 5001, 8078, 272, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 12139, 29892, 322, 19001, 408, 263, 1121, 29889, 739, 338, 2215, 901, 5517, 393, 11559, 4446, 278, 5412, 11314, 936, 22204, 322, 10257, 21838, 2411, 9169, 491, 5377, 4307, 29891, 414, 322, 3633, 1934, 408, 2769, 304, 16779, 24378, 7606, 14329, 297, 278, 6567, 310, 2902, 1372, 411, 278, 3081, 304, 9753, 428, 2743, 1867, 414, 29889, 13, 10299, 928, 635, 29892, 3265, 1135, 7275, 292, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 10035, 2948, 373, 5377, 3633, 292, 13734, 1516, 29892, 11559, 7841, 278, 349, 5454, 14824, 29892, 607, 24378, 1078, 376, 17991, 9493, 29908, 310, 385, 3633, 292, 9226, 29915, 29879, 6944, 29892, 3704, 376, 9136, 4924, 310, 782, 29899, 27423, 664, 1699, 376, 7564, 1663, 27988, 28648, 1699, 376, 23221, 15750, 11314, 1199, 6865, 1699, 322, 376, 525, 14565, 916, 11780, 408, 278, 12590, 1122, 2225, 29581, 6169, 376, 12362, 9041, 7734, 13249, 325, 29889, 5236, 6938, 16535, 292, 438, 874, 523, 22074, 1696, 29871, 29945, 29953, 29896, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 903, 1649, 29892, 903, 1649, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29897, 313, 29879, 3466, 1015, 1696, 472, 29871, 29941, 29994, 29946, 467, 16032, 10835, 29892, 278, 349, 5454, 14824, 338, 3710, 1680, 287, 304, 454, 13308, 376, 344, 9359, 9753, 1953, 297, 967, 17119, 3821, 8469, 886, 29892, 701, 304, 322, 3704, 278, 17667, 6664, 10610, 310, 263, 9226, 29915, 29879, 22583, 869, 869, 869, 322, 6909, 6584, 1997, 583, 310, 395, 29896, 29945, 7284, 1213, 5163, 1696, 472, 903, 1649, 313, 29879, 3466, 1015, 1696, 472, 29871, 29946, 29897, 313, 29883, 11407, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29906, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29883, 5033, 29946, 8106, 10506, 9753, 1953, 1033, 1532, 3867, 263, 901, 13988, 297, 1760, 573, 304, 5557, 385, 3633, 292, 9226, 515, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 967, 22873, 1135, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 13, 1576, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 1970, 414, 2788, 24378, 7606, 14329, 2501, 278, 3725, 29907, 411, 3390, 304, 1098, 272, 484, 952, 29889, 450, 3185, 6858, 278, 3725, 29907, 304, 10127, 6865, 310, 10257, 7512, 363, 1098, 272, 484, 952, 29892, 16683, 29941, 29900, 29955, 313, 19284, 2164, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29906, 29946, 29945, 511, 322, 1970, 414, 7300, 3081, 373, 278, 3725, 29907, 304, 6035, 728, 1098, 272, 484, 952, 363, 376, 326, 771, 546, 10257, 7512, 1699, 607, 723, 3160, 29892, 363, 1342, 29892, 263, 4307, 9226, 18096, 29915, 29879, 10608, 304, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 385, 25836, 1058, 13676, 5227, 566, 29889, 16683, 29953, 29900, 29906, 313, 19284, 2164, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29947, 29881, 29994, 29941, 467, 14598, 29892, 278, 3185, 867, 1934, 278, 3725, 29907, 278, 3081, 304, 274, 7469, 13949, 29886, 519, 1098, 272, 484, 952, 322, 304, 972, 29891, 376, 546, 1171, 2705, 29908, 304, 738, 1316, 1098, 25252, 278, 376, 22534, 488, 479, 310, 21534, 310, 4120, 18499, 1434, 29908, 278, 3725, 29907, 376, 262, 738, 982, 1213, 16683, 29953, 29900, 29906, 29889, 13, 29907, 549, 1253, 4550, 25524, 1754, 278, 24284, 393, 1602, 12112, 19813, 920, 1900, 304, 6035, 728, 4307, 13734, 1516, 322, 3633, 292, 13734, 1516, 12722, 304, 367, 16459, 451, 491, 278, 10317, 310, 16715, 29892, 541, 491, 278, 3725, 29907, 322, 278, 349, 5454, 14824, 29889, 10506, 24284, 881, 451, 367, 1320, 28179, 1090, 9670, 14209, 29892, 1568, 3109, 472, 278, 3438, 304, 378, 11476, 284, 7609, 7371, 491, 9826, 29915, 29879, 364, 19478, 29889, 450, 13638, 947, 5957, 274, 468, 296, 8898, 6273, 363, 2020, 11559, 1795, 505, 1063, 281, 7608, 304, 3160, 3058, 4072, 310, 8078, 943, 2629, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 451, 292, 363, 1342, 393, 263, 4307, 9226, 470, 3633, 292, 9226, 1795, 367, 2221, 304 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.258874	1.485309	0.244893	0.350118
retaliate against its employees for making reports required under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Ante, at 19. But as the majority recognizes, Congress has since remedied that precise concern, enacting a comprehensive whistleblower incentive and protection program that unequivocally "prohibit[s] any employer"—public or private—"from re-taliating against 'a whistleblower' for providing information to the SEC, participating in an SEC proceeding, or making disclosures required or protected under Sarbanes-Oxley and certain other securities laws." Ante, at 26 (citing 15 U. S. C. §§78u–6(a)(6), (b)(1), (h)). The majority thus acknowledges that, moving forward, retaliation claims like the petitioners' may "procee[d] under [§78u-6]," ante, at 26, n. 17. In other words, to the extent the major-ity worries about a "hole" in FMR's interpretation, ante,at 14, Congress has already addressed it. 10 Because the statute is ambiguous, and because the majority's broad interpretation has also been adopted by the ARB, there remains the question whether the ARB's decision in Spinner, ALJ No. 2010–SOX–029, is entitled to deference under Chevron U. S. A. Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc., 467 U. S. 837 (1984) . 11 Under United States v. Mead Corp., 533 U. S. 218–227 (2001), an agency may claim Chevron deference "when it appears [1] that Congress delegated authority to the agency generally to make rules carrying the force of law, and [2] that the agency interpretation claiming deference was promulgated in the exercise of that authority." Neither requirement is met here. First, the agency interpretation for which petitioners claim deference is the position announced by the ARB, the board to which the Secretary of Labor has delegated authority "in review or on appeal" in connection with §1514A proceedings. 75 Fed. Reg. 3924 (2010). According to petitioners, the ARB's rulings are entitled to deference because the "Secretary is responsible for enforcing Section 1514A both through investigation and through formal adjudication." Brief for Petitioners 61. That is right as far as it goes, but even if the Secretary has the power to investigate and adjudicate §1514A claims, Congress did not delegate authority to the Secretary to "make rules carrying the force of law," Mead, 533 U. S., at 226–227. Congress instead delegated that power to the SEC: Section 3(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, codified at 15 U. S. C. §7202(a), provides that the SEC "shall promulgate such rules and regulations, as may be necessary or appropriate in the public interest or for the protection of investors, and in furtherance of this Act." So if any agency has the authority to resolve ambiguities in §1514A with the forceof law, it is the SEC, not the Department of Labor.See Martin v. Occupational Safety and Health Review Comm'n, 499 U. S. 144, 154 (1991) . The SEC, however, has not issued a regulation applying §1514A whistleblower protection to employees of public company contractors. And while the majority notes that the SEC may share the (incorrect) view that the Department of Labor has interpretive authority regarding §1514A, ante, at 9, n. 6, the majority cites nothing to suggest that one agency may transfer authority unambiguously delegated to it by Congress to a different agency simply by signing onto an amicus brief. That Congress did not intend for the Secretary to resolve ambiguities in the law is confirmed by §1514A's mechanism for judicial review. The statute does not merely permit courts to review the Secretary's final adjudicatory rulings under the Administrative Procedure Act'	[ 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 967, 22873, 363, 3907, 13676, 3734, 1090, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 29889, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29889, 1205, 408, 278, 13638, 5936, 7093, 29892, 11559, 756, 1951, 1083, 287, 1000, 393, 18378, 5932, 29892, 427, 627, 292, 263, 15171, 6270, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 297, 1760, 573, 322, 13047, 1824, 393, 1597, 339, 440, 542, 635, 376, 771, 6335, 277, 29961, 29879, 29962, 738, 5703, 261, 29908, 30003, 3597, 470, 2024, 30003, 29908, 3166, 337, 29899, 29873, 2606, 1218, 2750, 525, 29874, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 29915, 363, 13138, 2472, 304, 278, 3725, 29907, 29892, 5221, 1218, 297, 385, 3725, 29907, 8469, 292, 29892, 470, 3907, 766, 11291, 1973, 3734, 470, 6364, 1090, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 322, 3058, 916, 409, 2764, 1907, 14243, 1213, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29953, 313, 29883, 11407, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 30152, 29955, 29947, 29884, 29994, 29953, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29953, 511, 313, 29890, 5033, 29896, 511, 313, 29882, 8106, 450, 13638, 4550, 24084, 2710, 393, 29892, 8401, 6375, 29892, 3240, 2606, 362, 16726, 763, 278, 5697, 654, 414, 29915, 1122, 376, 771, 346, 29872, 29961, 29881, 29962, 1090, 518, 30152, 29955, 29947, 29884, 29899, 29953, 1402, 29908, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29953, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29955, 29889, 512, 916, 3838, 29892, 304, 278, 15834, 278, 4655, 29899, 537, 6365, 2722, 1048, 263, 376, 29716, 29908, 297, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 19854, 29892, 15053, 29892, 271, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 11559, 756, 2307, 20976, 372, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 13, 29933, 5658, 278, 1002, 1082, 338, 22363, 681, 29892, 322, 1363, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 7300, 19854, 756, 884, 1063, 16356, 491, 278, 9033, 29933, 29892, 727, 9242, 278, 1139, 3692, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 10608, 297, 1706, 3993, 29892, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29929, 29892, 338, 23437, 304, 316, 1659, 1090, 6561, 29894, 1617, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 319, 29889, 9266, 29889, 325, 29889, 18385, 27562, 5282, 1947, 8831, 29892, 9266, 1696, 29871, 29946, 29953, 29955, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29947, 29941, 29955, 313, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29946, 29897, 869, 29871, 29896, 29896, 7634, 3303, 3900, 325, 29889, 341, 1479, 2994, 29886, 1696, 29871, 29945, 29941, 29941, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29947, 29994, 29906, 29906, 29955, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29896, 511, 385, 946, 3819, 1122, 5995, 6561, 29894, 1617, 316, 1659, 376, 8256, 372, 5692, 518, 29896, 29962, 393, 11559, 16000, 630, 14329, 304, 278, 946, 3819, 6892, 304, 1207, 6865, 19436, 278, 4889, 310, 4307, 29892, 322, 518, 29906, 29962, 393, 278, 946, 3819, 19854, 5995, 292, 316, 1659, 471, 2504, 352, 29887, 630, 297, 278, 15058, 310, 393, 14329, 1213, 2448, 2121, 11809, 338, 1539, 1244, 29889, 13, 6730, 29892, 278, 946, 3819, 19854, 363, 607, 5697, 654, 414, 5995, 316, 1659, 338, 278, 2602, 9326, 491, 278, 9033, 29933, 29892, 278, 7613, 304, 607, 278, 17719, 310, 16715, 756, 16000, 630, 14329, 376, 262, 9076, 470, 373, 25530, 29908, 297, 3957, 411, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 8469, 886, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29945, 17972, 29889, 2169, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29929, 29906, 29946, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 467, 7579, 304, 5697, 654, 414, 29892, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 364, 352, 886, 526, 23437, 304, 316, 1659, 1363, 278, 376, 28459, 653, 338, 14040, 363, 24555, 3277, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 1716, 1549, 22522, 322, 1549, 11595, 12109, 566, 293, 362, 1213, 1771, 2575, 363, 5879, 654, 414, 29871, 29953, 29896, 29889, 2193, 338, 1492, 408, 2215, 408, 372, 5771, 29892, 541, 1584, 565, 278, 17719, 756, 278, 3081, 304, 23033, 322, 12109, 566, 9593, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 16726, 29892, 11559, 1258, 451, 13341, 14329, 304, 278, 17719, 304, 376, 5675, 6865, 19436, 278, 4889, 310, 4307, 1699, 341, 1479, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29941, 29941, 501, 29889, 317, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29953, 29994, 29906, 29906, 29955, 29889, 11559, 2012, 16000, 630, 393, 3081, 304, 278, 3725, 29907, 29901, 9779, 29871, 29941, 29898, 29874, 29897, 310, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 29892, 15234, 2164, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29898, 29874, 511, 8128, 393, 278, 3725, 29907, 376, 845, 497, 2504, 352, 17062, 1316, 6865, 322, 1072, 8250, 29892, 408, 1122, 367, 5181, 470, 8210, 297, 278, 970, 4066, 470, 363, 278, 13047, 310, 13258, 943, 29892, 322, 297, 4340, 749, 310, 445, 3185, 1213, 1105, 565, 738, 946, 3819, 756, 278, 14329, 304, 8814, 22363, 1907, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 411, 278, 4889, 974, 4307, 29892, 372, 338, 278, 3725, 29907, 29892, 451, 278, 10317, 310, 16715, 29889, 13393, 6502, 325, 29889, 16117, 786, 1288, 14795, 3305, 322, 15202, 13957, 1876, 29915, 29876, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29929, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29946, 313, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29896, 29897, 869, 450, 3725, 29907, 29892, 3138, 29892, 756, 451, 16610, 263, 1072, 2785, 15399, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 304, 22873, 310, 970, 5001, 8078, 943, 29889, 1126, 1550, 278, 13638, 11486, 393, 278, 3725, 29907, 1122, 6232, 278, 313, 262, 15728, 29897, 1776, 393, 278, 10317, 310, 16715, 756, 6613, 573, 14329, 11211, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29929, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29892, 278, 13638, 274, 3246, 3078, 304, 4368, 393, 697, 946, 3819, 1122, 6782, 14329, 443, 14727, 5794, 16000, 630, 304, 372, 491, 11559, 304, 263, 1422, 946, 3819, 3763, 491, 26188, 11480, 385, 626, 12473, 11473, 29889, 13, 7058, 11559, 1258, 451, 24042, 363, 278, 17719, 304, 8814, 22363, 1907, 297, 278, 4307, 338, 16725, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 13336, 363, 6577, 5611, 9076, 29889, 450, 1002, 1082, 947, 451, 13586, 14257, 28033, 304, 9076, 278, 17719, 29915, 29879, 2186, 12109, 566, 293, 7606, 364, 352, 886, 1090, 278, 24510, 1230, 1019, 26600, 3185, 29915 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.0794	1.542412	-0.399323	-0.040729
s defer-ential standard. It instead allows a claimant to bring an action in a federal district court, and allows district courts to adjudicate such actions de novo, in any case where the Secretary has not issued a final decision within 180 days. That is a conspicuously short amount of time in light of the three-tiered process of agency review of §1514A claims. See ante, at 5–6. As a result, even if Congress had not delegated to the SEC the authority to resolve ambiguities in §1514A, the muscular scheme of judicial review suggests that Congress would have wanted federal courts, and not the Secretary of Labor, to have that power. See Mead, 533 U. S., at 232 (declining to defer to Customs Service classifications where, among other things, the statute authorized "independent review of Customs classifications by the [Court of International Trade]"). As to the second Mead requirement, even if Congress had delegated authority to the Secretary to make "rules carrying the force of law," the "agency interpretation claiming deference" in this case was not "promulgated in the exercise of that authority." Id., at 226–227. That is because the Secretary has explicitly vested any policymaking authority he may have with respect to §1514A in the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) instead of the ARB. See 67 Fed. Reg. 65008 (2002). In fact, the Secretary has expressly withdrawn from the ARB any power to deviate from the rules OSHA issues on the Department of Labor's behalf. 75 Fed. Reg. 3925 ("The [ARB] shall not have jurisdiction to pass on the validity of any portion of the Code of Federal Regulations that has been duly promulgated by the Department of Labor and shall observe the provisions thereof, where pertinent, in its decisions"). OSHA has promulgated regulations supporting the majority's reading of §1514A. See 29 CFR §1980.101(f)–(g) (2013). The Secretary, however, has expressly disclaimed any claim of deference to them. See Brief for United States as Amicus Curiae 33, n. 8. As a result, the ARB's understanding of §1514A's coverage in Spinner was not an "exercise of [the Secretary's] authority" to make rules carrying the force of law, Mead, 533 U. S., at 226–227, but rather the ARB's necessary compliance with a regulation that no one claims is deserving of deference in the first place. See Spinner, ALJ No. 2010–SOX–029, at 10 (recognizing that "the ARB is bound by the [Department of Labor] regulations"). In the absence of Chevron deference, the ARB's decision in Spinner may claim only "respect according to its persuasiveness" under Skidmore v. Swift & Co., 323 U. S.134 (1944). See Mead, 533 U. S., at 221. But the ARB's decision is unpersuasive, for the many reasons already discussed. The Court's interpretation of §1514A undeniably serves a laudatory purpose. By covering employees of every of-ficer, employee, and contractor of every public company, the majority's interpretation extends §1514A's protections to the outside lawyers and accountants who could have helped prevent the Enron fraud. But that is not the statute Congress wrote. Congress envisioned a system in which public company employees would be covered by §1514A, and in which outside lawyers, investment advisers, and accountants would be regulated by the SEC and PCAOB. Congress did not envision a system in which employees of other private businesses—such as cleaning and construction company workers who have little interaction with investor-related activities and who are thus ill suited to assist in detecting fraud against shareholders—would fall within §1514A. Nor, needless to say, did it envision §1514A applying to the household employees of millions of individuals who happen	[ 29879, 316, 571, 29899, 2556, 3918, 29889, 739, 2012, 6511, 263, 5995, 424, 304, 6963, 385, 3158, 297, 263, 17097, 6474, 8973, 29892, 322, 6511, 6474, 28033, 304, 12109, 566, 9593, 1316, 8820, 316, 2420, 29877, 29892, 297, 738, 1206, 988, 278, 17719, 756, 451, 16610, 263, 2186, 10608, 2629, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29900, 3841, 29889, 2193, 338, 263, 21588, 293, 29884, 5794, 3273, 5253, 310, 931, 297, 3578, 310, 278, 2211, 29899, 29873, 631, 287, 1889, 310, 946, 3819, 9076, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 16726, 29889, 2823, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29945, 29994, 29953, 29889, 1094, 263, 1121, 29892, 1584, 565, 11559, 750, 451, 16000, 630, 304, 278, 3725, 29907, 278, 14329, 304, 8814, 22363, 1907, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 278, 2301, 16637, 11380, 310, 6577, 5611, 9076, 14661, 393, 11559, 723, 505, 5131, 17097, 28033, 29892, 322, 451, 278, 17719, 310, 16715, 29892, 304, 505, 393, 3081, 29889, 2823, 341, 1479, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29941, 29941, 501, 29889, 317, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29941, 29906, 313, 27787, 2827, 304, 316, 571, 304, 8701, 29879, 6692, 770, 8232, 988, 29892, 4249, 916, 2712, 29892, 278, 1002, 1082, 4148, 1891, 376, 262, 18980, 9076, 310, 8701, 29879, 770, 8232, 491, 278, 518, 29907, 14316, 310, 4623, 27226, 29962, 2564, 13, 2887, 304, 278, 1473, 341, 1479, 11809, 29892, 1584, 565, 11559, 750, 16000, 630, 14329, 304, 278, 17719, 304, 1207, 376, 19238, 19436, 278, 4889, 310, 4307, 1699, 278, 376, 351, 3819, 19854, 5995, 292, 316, 1659, 29908, 297, 445, 1206, 471, 451, 376, 14032, 352, 29887, 630, 297, 278, 15058, 310, 393, 14329, 1213, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29953, 29994, 29906, 29906, 29955, 29889, 2193, 338, 1363, 278, 17719, 756, 9479, 325, 2868, 738, 13665, 962, 5086, 14329, 540, 1122, 505, 411, 3390, 304, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 297, 278, 16117, 786, 1288, 14795, 3305, 322, 15202, 23303, 313, 3267, 15715, 29897, 2012, 310, 278, 9033, 29933, 29889, 2823, 29871, 29953, 29955, 17972, 29889, 2169, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29945, 29900, 29900, 29947, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 467, 512, 2114, 29892, 278, 17719, 756, 4653, 368, 411, 19811, 1233, 515, 278, 9033, 29933, 738, 3081, 304, 29668, 403, 515, 278, 6865, 6570, 15715, 5626, 373, 278, 10317, 310, 16715, 29915, 29879, 2306, 3131, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29945, 17972, 29889, 2169, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29929, 29906, 29945, 4852, 1576, 518, 1718, 29933, 29962, 4091, 451, 505, 24894, 29467, 304, 1209, 373, 278, 2854, 537, 310, 738, 11910, 310, 278, 5920, 310, 14879, 2169, 8250, 393, 756, 1063, 270, 11850, 2504, 352, 29887, 630, 491, 278, 10317, 310, 16715, 322, 4091, 14111, 278, 1326, 12112, 727, 974, 29892, 988, 13499, 8946, 29892, 297, 967, 1602, 12112, 2564, 13, 3267, 15715, 756, 2504, 352, 29887, 630, 1072, 8250, 20382, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 2823, 29871, 29906, 29929, 315, 15860, 16683, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29900, 29889, 29896, 29900, 29896, 29898, 29888, 29897, 29994, 29898, 29887, 29897, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 467, 450, 17719, 29892, 3138, 29892, 756, 4653, 368, 2313, 13190, 738, 5995, 310, 316, 1659, 304, 963, 29889, 2823, 1771, 2575, 363, 3303, 3900, 408, 1913, 12473, 10837, 23395, 29871, 29941, 29941, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29947, 29889, 1094, 263, 1121, 29892, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 8004, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 23746, 297, 1706, 3993, 471, 451, 385, 376, 735, 6269, 895, 310, 518, 1552, 17719, 29915, 29879, 29962, 14329, 29908, 304, 1207, 6865, 19436, 278, 4889, 310, 4307, 29892, 341, 1479, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29941, 29941, 501, 29889, 317, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29953, 29994, 29906, 29906, 29955, 29892, 541, 3265, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 5181, 752, 13036, 411, 263, 1072, 2785, 393, 694, 697, 16726, 338, 16964, 1747, 310, 316, 1659, 297, 278, 937, 2058, 29889, 2823, 1706, 3993, 29892, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29929, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 313, 29423, 5281, 393, 376, 1552, 9033, 29933, 338, 3216, 491, 278, 518, 8498, 442, 358, 310, 16715, 29962, 1072, 8250, 2564, 13, 797, 278, 18070, 310, 6561, 29894, 1617, 316, 1659, 29892, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 10608, 297, 1706, 3993, 1122, 5995, 871, 376, 690, 1103, 5034, 304, 967, 20408, 294, 20193, 29908, 1090, 4971, 333, 5514, 325, 29889, 14156, 669, 3189, 1696, 29871, 29941, 29906, 29941, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29896, 29941, 29946, 313, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29946, 467, 2823, 341, 1479, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29941, 29941, 501, 29889, 317, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29896, 29889, 1205, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 10608, 338, 443, 6774, 29884, 294, 573, 29892, 363, 278, 1784, 9590, 2307, 15648, 29889, 13, 1576, 9245, 29915, 29879, 19854, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 563, 11344, 2197, 19700, 263, 425, 566, 7606, 6437, 29889, 2648, 21653, 22873, 310, 1432, 310, 29899, 9639, 261, 29892, 19001, 29892, 322, 8078, 272, 310, 1432, 970, 5001, 29892, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 19854, 4988, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 3279, 1953, 304, 278, 5377, 4307, 29891, 414, 322, 3633, 1934, 1058, 1033, 505, 9213, 5557, 278, 1174, 1617, 5227, 566, 29889, 13, 6246, 393, 338, 451, 278, 1002, 1082, 11559, 5456, 29889, 11559, 427, 4924, 287, 263, 1788, 297, 607, 970, 5001, 22873, 723, 367, 10664, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 322, 297, 607, 5377, 4307, 29891, 414, 29892, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 29892, 322, 3633, 1934, 723, 367, 1072, 7964, 491, 278, 3725, 29907, 322, 349, 5454, 14824, 29889, 11559, 1258, 451, 427, 4924, 263, 1788, 297, 607, 22873, 310, 916, 2024, 5381, 267, 30003, 14565, 408, 5941, 292, 322, 7632, 5001, 17162, 1058, 505, 2217, 14881, 411, 13258, 272, 29899, 12817, 14188, 322, 1058, 526, 4550, 4486, 480, 1573, 304, 6985, 297, 6459, 292, 5227, 566, 2750, 6232, 8948, 414, 30003, 29893, 483, 6416, 2629, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 4186, 29892, 817, 2222, 304, 1827, 29892, 1258, 372, 427, 4924, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 15399, 304, 278, 22329, 22873, 310, 14746, 310, 15724, 1058, 3799 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.14255	1.615088	-0.179208	0.12497
to work for public companies—housekeepers, gardeners, and babysitters who are also poorly positioned to prevent fraud against public company investors. And to the extent §1514A may have been underinclusive as first drafted, Congress has shown itself capable of filling in any gaps. See, e.g., Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, §§922, 929A, 124Stat. 1848, 1852 (extending §1514A to credit rating agencies and public company subsidiaries); §922, id., at 1841–1848 (codifying additional whistleblower incentive and protection program at 15 U. S. C. §78u–6). The Court's decision upsets the balance struck by Congress. Fortunately, just as Congress has added further protections to the system it originally designed when necessary, so too may Congress now respond to limit the far-reaching implications of the Court's interpretation. 12 But because that interpretation relies on a debatable view of §1514A's text, is inconsistent with the statute's titles and its context, and leads to absurd results that Congress did not intend, I respectfully dissent. 1 The majority uses the term "public company" as shorthand for 18 U. S. C. §1514A's reference to companies that either have " 'a class of securities registered under section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,' " or that are " 'required to file reports under section 15(d).' " Ante, at 7–8. I do the same. 2 In reaching the opposite conclusion, the majority rejects the concessions by the Government and petitioners and gives no weight to the ARB's interpretation. If §1514A creates a cause of action for contractor employees, the majority concludes, so too must it create a cause of action for "housekeepers" and "gardeners" against their individual employers if they happen to work for a public company. Ante, at 15. In reaching this result, however, the majority only adds to the absurdities produced by its holding. See infra, at 12–13. 3 Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, News, Contingent and Alternative Employment Arrangements, Feb. 2005, (July 27, 2005), online at http://www.bls.gov/news.release/‌conemp.nr0.htm (all Internet materials as visited on Feb. 28, 2014, and available in Clerk of Court's case file). 4 The Bureau of Labor Statistics distinguishes contract workers from independent contractors, defining the former as "[w]orkers who are employed by a company that provides them or their services to others under contract and who . . . usually work at the customer's worksite." Id., at 2 (Table A). 5 Penn, Staffing Firms Added Nearly 1 Million Jobs Over Four Years Since Recession, ASA Says, Bloomberg Law (Oct. 8, 2012), online at http://about.bloomberglaw.com/law-reports/staffing-firms-added-nearly-1-million-jobs-over-four-years-since-recession-asa-says/. 6 The majority submits that the hole might not be so problematic because §1514A "surely" prohibits a "public company from directing someone else to engage in retaliatory conduct against the public company's employees." Ante, at 13. It surely does, but that is the point—the whole reason §1514A(a) clearly does so is because it expressly forbids a public company to retaliate against its employees through "any officer, employee, contractor, subcontractor, or agent." The prohibition on retaliation through a contractor would be far less certain (hence the hole) if Congress had merely forbidden a public company to retaliate through its "officers and employees." Moreover, while the majority concedes that, under the narrower reading of §1514A, Congress' inclusion of the term "contractor" imposes secondary liability in the event a public company is judgment proof, ante,	[ 304, 664, 363, 970, 14582, 30003, 8697, 17462, 414, 29892, 16423, 414, 29892, 322, 289, 370, 952, 277, 2153, 1058, 526, 884, 6460, 368, 2602, 287, 304, 5557, 5227, 566, 2750, 970, 5001, 13258, 943, 29889, 1126, 304, 278, 15834, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 1122, 505, 1063, 1090, 262, 7009, 573, 408, 937, 18195, 287, 29892, 11559, 756, 4318, 3528, 15390, 310, 27523, 297, 738, 330, 2547, 29889, 2823, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 14406, 7103, 23933, 322, 2138, 4680, 14409, 428, 3185, 29892, 16683, 30152, 29929, 29906, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29929, 29906, 29929, 29909, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29946, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29946, 29947, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29945, 29906, 313, 1062, 2548, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 16200, 21700, 946, 15942, 322, 970, 5001, 11684, 8819, 4314, 416, 16683, 29929, 29906, 29906, 29892, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29946, 29896, 29994, 29896, 29947, 29946, 29947, 313, 19284, 9215, 5684, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 297, 1760, 573, 322, 13047, 1824, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29947, 29884, 29994, 29953, 467, 13, 1576, 9245, 29915, 29879, 10608, 24081, 1691, 278, 17346, 15469, 491, 11559, 29889, 7236, 348, 2486, 29892, 925, 408, 11559, 756, 2715, 4340, 3279, 1953, 304, 278, 1788, 372, 10437, 8688, 746, 5181, 29892, 577, 2086, 1122, 11559, 1286, 10049, 304, 4046, 278, 2215, 29899, 276, 9733, 2411, 5795, 310, 278, 9245, 29915, 29879, 19854, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29906, 1205, 1363, 393, 19854, 337, 3687, 373, 263, 2553, 17219, 1776, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 1426, 29892, 338, 22435, 9696, 411, 278, 1002, 1082, 29915, 29879, 17735, 322, 967, 3030, 29892, 322, 11981, 304, 6425, 18245, 2582, 393, 11559, 1258, 451, 24042, 29892, 306, 3390, 3730, 16317, 296, 29889, 13, 29896, 450, 13638, 3913, 278, 1840, 376, 3597, 5001, 29908, 408, 528, 2072, 392, 363, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 3407, 304, 14582, 393, 2845, 505, 376, 525, 29874, 770, 310, 409, 2764, 1907, 15443, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29906, 310, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 24004, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 5501, 376, 470, 393, 526, 376, 525, 12403, 304, 934, 13676, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 467, 29915, 376, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29955, 29994, 29947, 29889, 306, 437, 278, 1021, 29889, 13, 29906, 512, 20888, 278, 11564, 15997, 29892, 278, 13638, 12560, 29879, 278, 378, 985, 1080, 491, 278, 10354, 322, 5697, 654, 414, 322, 4076, 694, 7688, 304, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 19854, 29889, 960, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 10017, 263, 4556, 310, 3158, 363, 8078, 272, 22873, 29892, 278, 13638, 378, 27722, 29892, 577, 2086, 1818, 372, 1653, 263, 4556, 310, 3158, 363, 376, 8697, 17462, 414, 29908, 322, 376, 29887, 7879, 414, 29908, 2750, 1009, 5375, 5703, 414, 565, 896, 3799, 304, 664, 363, 263, 970, 5001, 29889, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29889, 512, 20888, 445, 1121, 29892, 3138, 29892, 278, 13638, 871, 12778, 304, 278, 6425, 18245, 1907, 7371, 491, 967, 13587, 29889, 2823, 3041, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29994, 29896, 29941, 29889, 13, 29941, 897, 415, 29889, 310, 16715, 29892, 18903, 310, 16715, 27098, 29892, 10130, 29892, 2866, 292, 296, 322, 12440, 1230, 7361, 22812, 25681, 574, 4110, 29892, 26319, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29945, 29892, 313, 29967, 11850, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29945, 511, 7395, 472, 1732, 597, 1636, 29889, 2204, 29879, 29889, 13513, 29914, 15753, 29889, 14096, 29914, 30430, 535, 3451, 29889, 22230, 29900, 29889, 13357, 313, 497, 4685, 17279, 408, 16669, 373, 26319, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29947, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29892, 322, 3625, 297, 315, 1358, 29895, 310, 9245, 29915, 29879, 1206, 934, 467, 13, 29946, 450, 18903, 310, 16715, 27098, 10121, 17006, 8078, 17162, 515, 7417, 8078, 943, 29892, 16184, 278, 4642, 408, 14704, 29893, 29962, 548, 414, 1058, 526, 15723, 491, 263, 5001, 393, 8128, 963, 470, 1009, 5786, 304, 4045, 1090, 8078, 322, 1058, 869, 869, 869, 5491, 664, 472, 278, 11962, 29915, 29879, 1736, 568, 1213, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 313, 3562, 319, 467, 13, 29945, 349, 2108, 29892, 15351, 292, 14152, 1516, 25601, 26206, 368, 29871, 29896, 8649, 291, 17163, 29879, 6811, 12458, 23857, 4001, 3599, 1211, 29892, 3339, 29909, 317, 1036, 29892, 11447, 290, 2552, 7927, 313, 25375, 29889, 29871, 29947, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 511, 7395, 472, 1732, 597, 12717, 29889, 14073, 290, 2552, 10653, 29889, 510, 29914, 10653, 29899, 276, 4011, 29914, 303, 3470, 292, 29899, 28034, 1516, 29899, 23959, 29899, 28502, 368, 29899, 29896, 29899, 19958, 291, 29899, 9057, 29879, 29899, 957, 29899, 17823, 29899, 6360, 29879, 29899, 16076, 29899, 276, 985, 291, 29899, 11290, 29899, 29879, 1036, 6294, 13, 29953, 450, 13638, 11834, 1169, 393, 278, 16188, 1795, 451, 367, 577, 1108, 2454, 1363, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 376, 29879, 545, 368, 29908, 21460, 1169, 263, 376, 3597, 5001, 515, 1513, 292, 4856, 1683, 304, 3033, 482, 297, 3240, 2606, 7606, 7512, 2750, 278, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 22873, 1213, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29889, 739, 18880, 947, 29892, 541, 393, 338, 278, 1298, 30003, 1552, 3353, 2769, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 9436, 947, 577, 338, 1363, 372, 4653, 368, 19752, 4841, 263, 970, 5001, 304, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 967, 22873, 1549, 376, 1384, 12139, 29892, 19001, 29892, 8078, 272, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 470, 10823, 1213, 450, 21460, 654, 373, 3240, 2606, 362, 1549, 263, 8078, 272, 723, 367, 2215, 3109, 3058, 313, 29882, 663, 278, 16188, 29897, 565, 11559, 750, 13586, 19752, 4215, 263, 970, 5001, 304, 3240, 2606, 403, 1549, 967, 376, 29877, 2416, 414, 322, 22873, 1213, 12808, 29892, 1550, 278, 13638, 27943, 267, 393, 29892, 1090, 278, 17655, 307, 556, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 11559, 29915, 28694, 310, 278, 1840, 376, 1285, 28891, 29908, 7275, 267, 16723, 619, 3097, 297, 278, 1741, 263, 970, 5001, 338, 24284, 5296, 29892, 15053, 29892 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.196233	1.095974	-0.334991	-0.028712
at 13, the majority fails to recognize that Congress' use of the term also imposes primary liability against contractors who threaten public company employees without direction from the company. Thus, for example, FMR's interpretation of §1514A would prevent an outside accountant from threatening or harassing a public company employee who discovers that the accountant is defrauding the public company and who seeks to blow the whistle on that fraud. 7 Rogers, Do Firing Consultants Really Exist, Slate, Jan. 7, 2010, www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/explainer/2010/01/getting_the_ax_from_george_clooney.html. 8 The majority suggests that an outplacement firm would likely be acting as an "agent" for the public company, such that Congress' additional inclusion of the word "contractor" would be superfluous under the narrower reading of §1514A. Ante, at 11, n. 9. The two words are not legally synonymous, however. An outplacement firm and public company might, for example, enter into a contract with a provision expressly disclaiming an agency relationship. Moreover, Congress' use of the term "contractor" would in all events have an independent and important effect: If Congress had not included the term, no one could be held liable if a contractor were to threaten or harass a public company employee without the company's direction. While the major-ity may speculate that such occurrences are rare, ibid., it is hardly unthinkable. See n. 6, supra. 9 Recognizing that the majority's reading would lead to a "notably expansive scope untethered to the purpose of the statute," the District Court in this case sought to impose an extratextual limiting principle under which an employee who reports fraud is entitled to protection only if her report "relat[es] to fraud against shareholders." 724 F. Supp. 2d 141, 160 (Mass. 2010). The District Court acknowledged, however, that "the language of the statute itself does not plainly provide such a limiting principle," id., at 158, and the majority does not attempt to revive that limitation here. 10 The majority also contends that its reading is necessary to avoid "insulating the entire mutual fund industry from §1514A." Ante, at 20. But that argument is misguided for a reason similar to the majority's concern about lawyers and accountants. As this Court has observed, Congress responded to the " 'potential for abuse inherent in the structure of investment companies,' " Daily Income Fund, Inc. v. Fox, 464 U. S. 523, 536 (1984) , by enacting the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. 15 U. S. C. §80a–1 et seq.; §80b–1 et seq. The Advisers Act in particular grants the SEC broad regulatory authority to regulate mutual fund investment advisers.§80b–11. The Act also authorizes fines and imprisonment of up to five years for violations of SEC rules. The SEC thus has broad discretion to punish retaliatory actions taken by mutual fund advisers against their employees. And to the extent these provisions may have been insufficient to protect mutual fund adviser employees, §78u–6's extensive whistleblower incentive and protection program now unambiguously covers such employees. 11 Although it claims not to reach the issue, ante, at 9, n. 6, the majority implicitly declines to defer to a portion of the ARB's ruling as well, rejecting the ARB's ruling that §1514A does not apply to the household employees of public company officers and employees, ante, at 15, and n. 11. 12 Congress could, for example, limit §1514A to contractor employees in only those professions that can assist in detecting fraud on public company shareholders, or it could restrict the fraud reports that trigger whistleblower protection to those that implicate the interests of public company investors, see n.	[ 472, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29892, 278, 13638, 8465, 304, 18720, 393, 11559, 29915, 671, 310, 278, 1840, 884, 7275, 267, 7601, 619, 3097, 2750, 8078, 943, 1058, 20616, 970, 5001, 22873, 1728, 5305, 515, 278, 5001, 29889, 6549, 29892, 363, 1342, 29892, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 19854, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 723, 5557, 385, 5377, 3633, 424, 515, 20616, 292, 470, 4023, 465, 292, 263, 970, 5001, 19001, 1058, 17021, 874, 393, 278, 3633, 424, 338, 822, 336, 566, 292, 278, 970, 5001, 322, 1058, 1074, 2039, 304, 13031, 278, 377, 391, 280, 373, 393, 5227, 566, 29889, 13, 29955, 9272, 414, 29892, 1938, 383, 8491, 2138, 499, 1934, 830, 635, 1222, 391, 29892, 317, 9632, 29892, 2627, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29892, 7821, 29889, 2536, 403, 29889, 510, 29914, 18569, 29914, 15753, 29918, 392, 29918, 20087, 1199, 29914, 4548, 433, 4983, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29914, 29900, 29896, 29914, 29264, 29918, 1552, 29918, 1165, 29918, 3166, 29918, 479, 3890, 29918, 15126, 4992, 29889, 1420, 29889, 13, 29947, 450, 13638, 14661, 393, 385, 714, 29886, 9552, 9226, 723, 5517, 367, 16684, 408, 385, 376, 14748, 29908, 363, 278, 970, 5001, 29892, 1316, 393, 11559, 29915, 5684, 28694, 310, 278, 1734, 376, 1285, 28891, 29908, 723, 367, 2428, 1579, 17269, 1090, 278, 17655, 307, 556, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29929, 29889, 450, 1023, 3838, 526, 451, 2814, 635, 5222, 11428, 29892, 3138, 29889, 530, 714, 29886, 9552, 9226, 322, 970, 5001, 1795, 29892, 363, 1342, 29892, 3896, 964, 263, 8078, 411, 263, 25161, 4653, 368, 2313, 8342, 292, 385, 946, 3819, 9443, 29889, 12808, 29892, 11559, 29915, 671, 310, 278, 1840, 376, 1285, 28891, 29908, 723, 297, 599, 4959, 505, 385, 7417, 322, 4100, 2779, 29901, 960, 11559, 750, 451, 5134, 278, 1840, 29892, 694, 697, 1033, 367, 4934, 619, 519, 565, 263, 8078, 272, 892, 304, 20616, 470, 4023, 465, 263, 970, 5001, 19001, 1728, 278, 5001, 29915, 29879, 5305, 29889, 5806, 278, 4655, 29899, 537, 1122, 1580, 5987, 393, 1316, 13920, 2063, 526, 10812, 29892, 474, 23883, 1696, 372, 338, 15155, 443, 386, 682, 519, 29889, 2823, 302, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29892, 13159, 336, 29889, 13, 29929, 3599, 3811, 5281, 393, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 5183, 723, 3275, 304, 263, 376, 1333, 2197, 1518, 550, 573, 6874, 443, 29873, 1979, 287, 304, 278, 6437, 310, 278, 1002, 1082, 1699, 278, 7457, 9245, 297, 445, 1206, 18365, 304, 2411, 852, 385, 17541, 403, 486, 950, 4046, 292, 12502, 1090, 607, 385, 19001, 1058, 13676, 5227, 566, 338, 23437, 304, 13047, 871, 565, 902, 3461, 376, 2674, 271, 29961, 267, 29962, 304, 5227, 566, 2750, 6232, 8948, 414, 1213, 29871, 29955, 29906, 29946, 383, 29889, 9179, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29881, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29900, 313, 29924, 465, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 467, 450, 7457, 9245, 24084, 3192, 29892, 3138, 29892, 393, 376, 1552, 4086, 310, 278, 1002, 1082, 3528, 947, 451, 8656, 368, 3867, 1316, 263, 4046, 292, 12502, 1699, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29947, 29892, 322, 278, 13638, 947, 451, 4218, 304, 6664, 573, 393, 29485, 1244, 29889, 13, 29896, 29900, 450, 13638, 884, 640, 1975, 393, 967, 5183, 338, 5181, 304, 4772, 376, 1144, 18099, 278, 4152, 5478, 950, 5220, 13661, 515, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 1213, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29889, 1205, 393, 2980, 338, 3984, 2543, 2618, 363, 263, 2769, 2788, 304, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 5932, 1048, 4307, 29891, 414, 322, 3633, 1934, 29889, 1094, 445, 9245, 756, 8900, 29892, 11559, 10049, 287, 304, 278, 376, 525, 17765, 2556, 363, 633, 1509, 7846, 296, 297, 278, 3829, 310, 13258, 358, 14582, 5501, 376, 23331, 512, 2763, 13249, 29892, 9266, 29889, 325, 29889, 14802, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29953, 29946, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29945, 29906, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29941, 29953, 313, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29946, 29897, 1919, 491, 427, 627, 292, 278, 512, 10147, 358, 6938, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29900, 322, 278, 512, 10147, 358, 2087, 1730, 414, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29900, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29947, 29900, 29874, 29994, 29896, 634, 19359, 8670, 16683, 29947, 29900, 29890, 29994, 29896, 634, 19359, 29889, 450, 2087, 1730, 414, 3185, 297, 3153, 867, 1934, 278, 3725, 29907, 7300, 24378, 7606, 14329, 304, 1072, 5987, 5478, 950, 5220, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 29889, 30152, 29947, 29900, 29890, 29994, 29896, 29896, 29889, 450, 3185, 884, 4148, 7093, 1436, 267, 322, 29535, 358, 310, 701, 304, 5320, 2440, 363, 5537, 800, 310, 3725, 29907, 6865, 29889, 450, 3725, 29907, 4550, 756, 7300, 766, 4838, 291, 304, 6035, 728, 3240, 2606, 7606, 8820, 4586, 491, 5478, 950, 5220, 25228, 414, 2750, 1009, 22873, 29889, 1126, 304, 278, 15834, 1438, 1326, 12112, 1122, 505, 1063, 1663, 29884, 4543, 304, 12566, 5478, 950, 5220, 25228, 261, 22873, 29892, 16683, 29955, 29947, 29884, 29994, 29953, 29915, 29879, 20607, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 297, 1760, 573, 322, 13047, 1824, 1286, 443, 14727, 5794, 18469, 1316, 22873, 29889, 13, 29896, 29896, 8512, 372, 16726, 451, 304, 6159, 278, 2228, 29892, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29929, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29892, 278, 13638, 27063, 4845, 1475, 304, 316, 571, 304, 263, 11910, 310, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 364, 19478, 408, 1532, 29892, 12560, 292, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 364, 19478, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 947, 451, 3394, 304, 278, 22329, 22873, 310, 970, 5001, 13049, 322, 22873, 29892, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29892, 322, 302, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29889, 13, 29896, 29906, 11559, 1033, 29892, 363, 1342, 29892, 4046, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 8078, 272, 22873, 297, 871, 1906, 2600, 10964, 393, 508, 6985, 297, 6459, 292, 5227, 566, 373, 970, 5001, 6232, 8948, 414, 29892, 470, 372, 1033, 9250, 278, 5227, 566, 13676, 393, 7135, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 304, 1906, 393, 2411, 5926, 278, 20017, 310, 970, 5001, 13258, 943, 29892, 1074, 302, 29889 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.095363	1.272473	-0.340595	0.088289
Q: Cisco 837 not passing UDP traffic properly (was: DNS query problem) We have a setup of ADSL line -> Cisco 837 ADSL router -> Zyxel ZyWall 35 firewall/NAT -> Switch -> LAN. It has been fine for years, suddenly DNS resolution stopped working from the LAN to public DNS servers. No changes that I know of, so I can't revert anything. Current behaviour: * DNS requests from the LAN using TCP show up in the oubound firewall log, in the Cisco debug log, in the dns-server-firewall, in tcpdump on the DNS server, the answer comes back, it works fine. DNS requests from the LAN using UDP show up in the outbound firewall log, in the Cisco debug log, but does NOT show in the dns-server-firewall, not in tcpdump on the DNS server, times out. DNS requests from the Cisco using UDP show up in the dns-server-firewall and in tcpdump on the DNS server, answer received, works fine. netcat connections to port 53 or a random port by TCP show up in the dns-server-firewall netcat connections to port 53 or a random port by UDP do not show up in the dns-server-firewall Summary: TCP seems fine throughought. UDP works from the Cisco over the ADSL, and it works from the LAN to the Cisco, but it doesn't seem to cross the Cisco 837 properly. Update: confirmed with netcat that any UDP traffic from the LAN is affected, not just traffic to port 53. Update: If I change the firewall's external IP to any other IP in the subnet, this starts working. When I put it back, it stops working. I now suspect it's an ISP issue (does that sound plausible?), and am removing the Cisco config. A: Is it just udp or is tcp also affected? Are there any IPv4/IPv6 issues (sometimes routers get confused, thou I've seen that only for really cheap ones) A way to test that would be (using Google DNS servers): $ dig @8.8.8.8 example.com +noall +answer +notcp +ignore # udp only example.com. 50270 IN A 192.0.43.10 ;; Received 45 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8) in 29 ms $ dig -4 example.com +noall +answer +notcp +ignore # udp only/ipv4 only example.com. 50270 IN A 192.0.43.10 $ dig -6 example.com +noall +answer +notcp +ignore # udp only/ipv6 only example.com. 50270 IN A 192.0.43.10 ;; Received 45 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8) in 29 ms $ dig @8.8.8.8 example.com +noall +answer +tcp # tcp only example.com. 50256 IN A 192.0.43.10 ;; Received 45 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8) in 30 ms $ dig -4 example.com +noall +answer +tcp # tcp only/ipv4 only example.com. 50256 IN A 192.0.43.10 ;; Received 45 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8) in 30 ms $ dig -6 example.com +noall +answer +tcp # tcp only/ipv6 only example.com. 50256 IN A 192.0.43.10 ;; Received 45 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8) in 30	[ 660, 29901, 315, 275, 1111, 29871, 29947, 29941, 29955, 451, 6819, 501, 11191, 12469, 6284, 313, 11102, 29901, 16332, 2346, 1108, 29897, 1334, 505, 263, 6230, 310, 319, 8452, 29931, 1196, 1599, 315, 275, 1111, 29871, 29947, 29941, 29955, 319, 8452, 29931, 12876, 1599, 796, 29891, 29916, 295, 796, 29891, 29956, 497, 29871, 29941, 29945, 25570, 29914, 29940, 1299, 1599, 28176, 1599, 365, 2190, 29889, 13, 3112, 756, 1063, 2691, 363, 2440, 29892, 11584, 16332, 10104, 11084, 1985, 515, 278, 365, 2190, 304, 970, 16332, 12424, 29889, 1939, 3620, 393, 306, 1073, 310, 29892, 577, 306, 508, 29915, 29873, 29538, 3099, 29889, 13, 7583, 10468, 29901, 13, 13, 13, 29930, 13, 13, 29930, 29928, 3059, 7274, 515, 278, 365, 2190, 773, 19374, 1510, 701, 297, 278, 2123, 9917, 25570, 1480, 29892, 297, 278, 315, 275, 1111, 4744, 1480, 29892, 297, 278, 270, 1983, 29899, 2974, 29899, 8696, 11358, 29892, 297, 22729, 15070, 373, 278, 16332, 1923, 29892, 278, 1234, 5304, 1250, 29892, 372, 1736, 2691, 29889, 13, 13, 29930, 29928, 3059, 7274, 515, 278, 365, 2190, 773, 501, 11191, 1510, 701, 297, 278, 714, 9917, 25570, 1480, 29892, 297, 278, 315, 275, 1111, 4744, 1480, 29892, 541, 947, 6058, 1510, 297, 278, 270, 1983, 29899, 2974, 29899, 8696, 11358, 29892, 451, 297, 22729, 15070, 373, 278, 16332, 1923, 29892, 3064, 714, 29889, 13, 13, 29930, 29928, 3059, 7274, 515, 278, 315, 275, 1111, 773, 501, 11191, 1510, 701, 297, 278, 270, 1983, 29899, 2974, 29899, 8696, 11358, 322, 297, 22729, 15070, 373, 278, 16332, 1923, 29892, 1234, 4520, 29892, 1736, 2691, 29889, 13, 13, 29930, 1212, 4117, 12368, 304, 2011, 29871, 29945, 29941, 470, 263, 4036, 2011, 491, 19374, 1510, 701, 297, 278, 270, 1983, 29899, 2974, 29899, 8696, 11358, 13, 13, 29930, 1212, 4117, 12368, 304, 2011, 29871, 29945, 29941, 470, 263, 4036, 2011, 491, 501, 11191, 437, 451, 1510, 701, 297, 278, 270, 1983, 29899, 2974, 29899, 8696, 11358, 13, 13, 13, 26289, 29901, 19374, 2444, 2691, 1549, 1774, 29889, 501, 11191, 1736, 515, 278, 315, 275, 1111, 975, 278, 319, 8452, 29931, 29892, 322, 372, 1736, 515, 278, 365, 2190, 304, 278, 315, 275, 1111, 29892, 541, 372, 1838, 29915, 29873, 2833, 304, 4891, 278, 315, 275, 1111, 29871, 29947, 29941, 29955, 6284, 29889, 10318, 29901, 16725, 411, 7787, 4117, 393, 738, 501, 11191, 12469, 515, 278, 365, 2190, 338, 15201, 29892, 451, 925, 12469, 304, 2011, 29871, 29945, 29941, 29889, 13, 6422, 29901, 960, 306, 1735, 278, 25570, 29915, 29879, 7029, 5641, 304, 738, 916, 5641, 297, 278, 1014, 1212, 29892, 445, 8665, 1985, 29889, 1932, 306, 1925, 372, 1250, 29892, 372, 17726, 1985, 29889, 306, 1286, 12326, 372, 29915, 29879, 385, 306, 5550, 2228, 313, 13221, 393, 6047, 2174, 375, 1821, 29973, 511, 322, 626, 11077, 278, 315, 275, 1111, 2295, 29889, 13, 13, 29909, 29901, 334, 13, 13, 29930, 3624, 372, 925, 318, 6099, 470, 338, 22729, 884, 15201, 29973, 13, 13, 29930, 17506, 727, 738, 5641, 29894, 29946, 29914, 5690, 29894, 29953, 5626, 313, 29879, 14618, 16053, 2153, 679, 9613, 29892, 12595, 306, 29915, 345, 3595, 393, 871, 363, 2289, 28773, 6743, 29897, 13, 13, 13, 29909, 982, 304, 1243, 393, 723, 367, 313, 4746, 5087, 16332, 12424, 1125, 13, 29938, 4697, 732, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 1342, 29889, 510, 718, 1217, 497, 718, 12011, 718, 1333, 6814, 718, 17281, 396, 318, 6099, 871, 13, 4773, 29889, 510, 29889, 308, 29945, 29900, 29906, 29955, 29900, 259, 2672, 29871, 319, 1678, 29896, 29929, 29906, 29889, 29900, 29889, 29946, 29941, 29889, 29896, 29900, 13, 7859, 24328, 2347, 29871, 29946, 29945, 6262, 515, 29871, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29937, 29945, 29941, 29898, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29897, 297, 29871, 29906, 29929, 10887, 13, 13, 29938, 4697, 448, 29946, 1342, 29889, 510, 718, 1217, 497, 718, 12011, 718, 1333, 6814, 718, 17281, 396, 318, 6099, 871, 29914, 666, 29894, 29946, 871, 13, 4773, 29889, 510, 29889, 308, 29945, 29900, 29906, 29955, 29900, 259, 2672, 29871, 319, 1678, 29896, 29929, 29906, 29889, 29900, 29889, 29946, 29941, 29889, 29896, 29900, 13, 13, 29938, 4697, 448, 29953, 1342, 29889, 510, 718, 1217, 497, 718, 12011, 718, 1333, 6814, 718, 17281, 396, 318, 6099, 871, 29914, 666, 29894, 29953, 871, 13, 4773, 29889, 510, 29889, 308, 29945, 29900, 29906, 29955, 29900, 259, 2672, 29871, 319, 1678, 29896, 29929, 29906, 29889, 29900, 29889, 29946, 29941, 29889, 29896, 29900, 13, 7859, 24328, 2347, 29871, 29946, 29945, 6262, 515, 29871, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29937, 29945, 29941, 29898, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29897, 297, 29871, 29906, 29929, 10887, 13, 13, 29938, 4697, 732, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 1342, 29889, 510, 718, 1217, 497, 718, 12011, 718, 23981, 396, 22729, 871, 13, 4773, 29889, 510, 29889, 308, 29945, 29900, 29906, 29945, 29953, 259, 2672, 29871, 319, 1678, 29896, 29929, 29906, 29889, 29900, 29889, 29946, 29941, 29889, 29896, 29900, 13, 7859, 24328, 2347, 29871, 29946, 29945, 6262, 515, 29871, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29937, 29945, 29941, 29898, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29897, 297, 29871, 29941, 29900, 10887, 13, 13, 29938, 4697, 448, 29946, 1342, 29889, 510, 718, 1217, 497, 718, 12011, 718, 23981, 396, 22729, 871, 29914, 666, 29894, 29946, 871, 13, 4773, 29889, 510, 29889, 308, 29945, 29900, 29906, 29945, 29953, 259, 2672, 29871, 319, 1678, 29896, 29929, 29906, 29889, 29900, 29889, 29946, 29941, 29889, 29896, 29900, 13, 7859, 24328, 2347, 29871, 29946, 29945, 6262, 515, 29871, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29937, 29945, 29941, 29898, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29897, 297, 29871, 29941, 29900, 10887, 13, 13, 29938, 4697, 448, 29953, 1342, 29889, 510, 718, 1217, 497, 718, 12011, 718, 23981, 396, 22729, 871, 29914, 666, 29894, 29953, 871, 13, 4773, 29889, 510, 29889, 308, 29945, 29900, 29906, 29945, 29953, 259, 2672, 29871, 319, 1678, 29896, 29929, 29906, 29889, 29900, 29889, 29946, 29941, 29889, 29896, 29900, 13, 7859, 24328, 2347, 29871, 29946, 29945, 6262, 515, 29871, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29937, 29945, 29941, 29898, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29897, 297, 29871, 29941, 29900 ]	1,024	StackExchange	-1.634917	-0.285194	-0.524176	-0.844558
Home / Exclusives / Discussing the Outdoor Game, Charities and Success with Kings President Luc Robitaille Discussing the Outdoor Game, Charities and Success with Kings President Luc Robitaille Ryan Cowley December 12, 2013 Comments Off on Discussing the Outdoor Game, Charities and Success with Kings President Luc Robitaille Following their inception in 1967, the Los Angeles Kings have had many of hockey's best don their uniform. Hall-of-Famers like Terry Sawchuk, Marcel Dionne and Wayne Gretzky have all once called Los Angeles home in addition to the likes of team legends Rogie Vachon, Dave Taylor and Daryl Evans. As extensive as the list of former Kings are, no player has been more synonymous with the Los Angeles Kings than Luc Robitaille who, after spending the majority of his playing career with the club, was named their President of Business Operations in 2007. I had the opportunity to speak to Mr. Robitaille about the Kings' transformation into one of the NHL's elite contenders, his thoughts on his team's much-anticipated outdoor game at Dodger Stadium as well as some of his charity work, including with his own foundation, Echoes of Hope. First off, I asked Mr. Robitaille how it had been watching the Kings gradually converted into an elite championship contender, ultimately winning the Stanley Cup in 2012. "It's been an amazing ride," Robitaille began. "We took our time and rebuilt our team we filled the right way and then to get to that playoff series where everything seems to come the right way. To winning the Stanley Cup after waiting 45 years, it has certainly been an amazing ride and it was something pretty special. It was a memorable moment, that's for sure." For many players drafted in the ninth round, discouragement is inevitable, even overbearing. That boyhood dream of playing in the NHL may seem too insurmountable to achieve. Though whatever negativity that comes with being drafted so late, no one bothered to tell Luc Robitaille. Drafted in the ninth round (171st overall) of the 1984 Draft, Robitaille's dream never wavered. Coming off an 85-point junior season with the QMJHL's Hull Olympiques, Robitaille's determination to make the NHL only grew – and exponentially at that. In 64 games in 1984-85, Robitaille set the QMJHL on fire scoring 55 goals and adding 93 assists for inconceivable total of 148 points. The following season, in what was his final junior campaign, was, believe it or not, even better, scoring 68 goals in 63 games while adding an unfathomable 123 assists for 191 points. Robitaille's numbers were more than enough to show that he belonged in the National Hockey League – and the Kings agreed, calling the 20-year-old up for the start of the 1986-87 season. Whether anyone knew it at the time or not, fans in southern California were about to welcome who would become not only one of the greatest players in their team's history but in hockey history. When the Los Angeles Kings raised his No. 20 to the rafters of the Staples Center in 2007 and even when he was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 2009, I asked Robitaille how he looked back on his career in Los Angeles after said events. "From the day I stepped foot here, I felt that I was part of this franchise deep in my heart," Robitaille told me. "And I just feel fortunate that I'm now in my late-40s and I'm still involved with the game I love and just being able to do things every day that touches the sport and the franchise I love so much." Turning our attention away from the Kings, I asked Mr. Robitaille about some of his charity work including March of Dimes Canada, an organization I am personally involved with, as well as his own charity. Founded in 1951, March of Dimes Canada was formed to raise funds to support research into finding a cure for polio. Over the years, the non-profit organization has branched out to help people	[ 8778, 847, 1222, 7009, 3145, 847, 8565, 1558, 292, 278, 4451, 17433, 8448, 29892, 2896, 1907, 322, 21397, 411, 21701, 7178, 10315, 6417, 277, 8284, 13, 4205, 13571, 292, 278, 4451, 17433, 8448, 29892, 2896, 1907, 322, 21397, 411, 21701, 7178, 10315, 6417, 277, 8284, 13, 29934, 10094, 21638, 2330, 5846, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 12, 1523, 1860, 5947, 373, 8565, 1558, 292, 278, 4451, 17433, 8448, 29892, 2896, 1907, 322, 21397, 411, 21701, 7178, 10315, 6417, 277, 8284, 13, 29943, 2952, 292, 1009, 297, 1441, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29955, 29892, 278, 4602, 10722, 21701, 505, 750, 1784, 310, 18881, 29915, 29879, 1900, 1016, 1009, 9090, 29889, 6573, 29899, 974, 29899, 29943, 314, 414, 763, 27571, 317, 1450, 305, 2679, 29892, 16633, 360, 291, 484, 322, 25843, 402, 2267, 29920, 3459, 505, 599, 2748, 2000, 4602, 10722, 3271, 297, 6124, 304, 278, 4188, 267, 310, 3815, 2814, 1975, 9272, 347, 478, 496, 265, 29892, 17841, 12537, 322, 360, 653, 29880, 24056, 29889, 1094, 20607, 408, 278, 1051, 310, 4642, 21701, 526, 29892, 694, 4847, 756, 1063, 901, 5222, 11428, 411, 278, 4602, 10722, 21701, 1135, 10315, 6417, 277, 8284, 1058, 29892, 1156, 805, 2548, 278, 13638, 310, 670, 8743, 6413, 411, 278, 4402, 29892, 471, 4257, 1009, 7178, 310, 15197, 6607, 800, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29955, 29889, 13, 29902, 750, 278, 15130, 304, 7726, 304, 3237, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 1048, 278, 21701, 29915, 13852, 964, 697, 310, 278, 405, 15444, 29915, 29879, 560, 568, 640, 21043, 29892, 670, 13133, 373, 670, 3815, 29915, 29879, 1568, 29899, 7716, 666, 630, 714, 17433, 3748, 472, 360, 397, 914, 17213, 408, 1532, 408, 777, 310, 670, 1373, 537, 664, 29892, 3704, 411, 670, 1914, 22778, 29892, 382, 1859, 267, 310, 7963, 29889, 13, 6730, 1283, 29892, 306, 4433, 3237, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 920, 372, 750, 1063, 21217, 278, 21701, 22020, 11543, 964, 385, 560, 568, 22401, 640, 1581, 29892, 18973, 15613, 278, 21631, 6536, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 29889, 13, 29908, 3112, 29915, 29879, 1063, 385, 21863, 292, 22203, 1699, 6417, 277, 8284, 4689, 29889, 376, 4806, 3614, 1749, 931, 322, 337, 16145, 1749, 3815, 591, 10423, 278, 1492, 982, 322, 769, 304, 679, 304, 393, 1708, 2696, 3652, 988, 4129, 2444, 304, 2041, 278, 1492, 982, 29889, 1763, 15613, 278, 21631, 6536, 1156, 10534, 29871, 29946, 29945, 2440, 29892, 372, 756, 8959, 1063, 385, 21863, 292, 22203, 322, 372, 471, 1554, 5051, 4266, 29889, 739, 471, 263, 26959, 519, 3256, 29892, 393, 29915, 29879, 363, 1854, 1213, 13, 2831, 1784, 10769, 18195, 287, 297, 278, 17081, 386, 4513, 29892, 2313, 283, 1431, 882, 338, 297, 5750, 8270, 29892, 1584, 975, 29890, 799, 292, 29889, 2193, 8023, 6614, 12561, 310, 8743, 297, 278, 405, 15444, 1122, 2833, 2086, 1663, 332, 16476, 519, 304, 6176, 29889, 14832, 6514, 3480, 28157, 393, 5304, 411, 1641, 18195, 287, 577, 5683, 29892, 694, 697, 24738, 287, 304, 2649, 10315, 6417, 277, 8284, 29889, 13, 29928, 4154, 287, 297, 278, 17081, 386, 4513, 313, 29896, 29955, 29896, 303, 12463, 29897, 310, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29946, 360, 4154, 29892, 6417, 277, 8284, 29915, 29879, 12561, 2360, 11324, 369, 287, 29889, 422, 292, 1283, 385, 29871, 29947, 29945, 29899, 3149, 20183, 4259, 411, 278, 660, 29924, 29967, 15444, 29915, 29879, 379, 913, 6167, 3783, 29892, 6417, 277, 8284, 29915, 29879, 3683, 3381, 304, 1207, 278, 405, 15444, 871, 13631, 785, 322, 18709, 9247, 472, 393, 29889, 512, 29871, 29953, 29946, 8090, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29946, 29899, 29947, 29945, 29892, 6417, 277, 8284, 731, 278, 660, 29924, 29967, 15444, 373, 3974, 26654, 29871, 29945, 29945, 14433, 322, 4417, 29871, 29929, 29941, 1223, 2879, 363, 22629, 346, 440, 519, 3001, 310, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29947, 3291, 29889, 450, 1494, 4259, 29892, 297, 825, 471, 670, 2186, 20183, 11531, 29892, 471, 29892, 4658, 372, 470, 451, 29892, 1584, 2253, 29892, 26654, 29871, 29953, 29947, 14433, 297, 29871, 29953, 29941, 8090, 1550, 4417, 385, 29395, 493, 290, 519, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29941, 1223, 2879, 363, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29896, 3291, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 29915, 29879, 3694, 892, 901, 1135, 3307, 304, 1510, 393, 540, 28911, 297, 278, 3086, 19993, 5165, 785, 322, 278, 21701, 15502, 29892, 5432, 278, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29899, 6360, 29899, 1025, 701, 363, 278, 1369, 310, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29953, 29899, 29947, 29955, 4259, 29889, 26460, 5019, 6363, 372, 472, 278, 931, 470, 451, 29892, 24909, 297, 14841, 8046, 892, 1048, 304, 12853, 1058, 723, 4953, 451, 871, 697, 310, 278, 14176, 10769, 297, 1009, 3815, 29915, 29879, 4955, 541, 297, 18881, 4955, 29889, 13, 10401, 278, 4602, 10722, 21701, 10425, 670, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 304, 278, 1153, 906, 29879, 310, 278, 624, 481, 793, 7817, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29955, 322, 1584, 746, 540, 471, 22799, 287, 964, 278, 19993, 6573, 310, 21808, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29929, 29892, 306, 4433, 6417, 277, 8284, 920, 540, 5148, 1250, 373, 670, 6413, 297, 4602, 10722, 1156, 1497, 4959, 29889, 13, 29908, 4591, 278, 2462, 306, 28996, 3661, 1244, 29892, 306, 7091, 393, 306, 471, 760, 310, 445, 23272, 895, 6483, 297, 590, 5192, 1699, 6417, 277, 8284, 5429, 592, 29889, 376, 2855, 306, 925, 4459, 5162, 348, 403, 393, 306, 29915, 29885, 1286, 297, 590, 5683, 29899, 29946, 29900, 29879, 322, 306, 29915, 29885, 1603, 9701, 411, 278, 3748, 306, 5360, 322, 925, 1641, 2221, 304, 437, 2712, 1432, 2462, 393, 6023, 267, 278, 7980, 322, 278, 23272, 895, 306, 5360, 577, 1568, 1213, 13, 27407, 292, 1749, 8570, 3448, 515, 278, 21701, 29892, 306, 4433, 3237, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 1048, 777, 310, 670, 1373, 537, 664, 3704, 4779, 310, 360, 1355, 7400, 29892, 385, 13013, 306, 626, 22345, 9701, 411, 29892, 408, 1532, 408, 670, 1914, 1373, 537, 29889, 13, 29943, 7261, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29945, 29896, 29892, 4779, 310, 360, 1355, 7400, 471, 8429, 304, 12020, 29199, 304, 2304, 5925, 964, 9138, 263, 274, 545, 363, 1248, 601, 29889, 6811, 278, 2440, 29892, 278, 1661, 29899, 771, 9202, 13013, 756, 5443, 287, 714, 304, 1371, 2305 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.629074	-0.738445	0.549292	-0.117096
of all physical disabilities enhance their independence and community participation through a wide range of programs and services across Canada. I asked Mr. Robitaille to elaborate on what motivated him and his family to become involved with March of Dimes Canada. "It's a great foundation. You can really make a direct connection and you can make a difference," Robitaille enthusiastically pointed out. "But to tell you the truth, for me and my wife and even my kids, we'll support foundations that we know the people that work for it are doing it for the right reasons and March of Dimes is no doubt like that. "I think any time we have an opportunity to give back a little bit, why not? That's what we live this life for. If we can help each other, I think it's a lot of fun. It makes it more fun to do what we get to do and live our dream." In addition, Mr. Robitaille and his wife Stacia formed their own charity which I had the chance to ask the Hall-of-Famer about. "When Hurricane Katrina happened, we realized there were a lot of families struggling in New Orleans and we helped a bunch of families restart their lives," Robitaille told me. "But throughout the process, we came across this problem where a lot of kids that are emancipated at 18, especially the ones that want to go to school or go to college, don't have any support to see it through. "So since then, we formed a foundation called Echoes of Hope and we work with kids who are foster youths, some of them you can call them at-risk youth, and we make sure that, first of all, they've got to go to school and then they're applying for college, moving forward, getting jobs and so forth. We want to make sure there's someone there saying, 'Hey, we're here and we're going to help you. Let's see it through,' because a lot of them never had a parent or they've never had a mentor so at least just help them. Every one of us has had someone help us at one point in our lives and a lot of kids, when they turn 18, they've got no one to turn to. So, we make sure they can turn to Echoes of Hope, some of us who are involved with the foundation can help them." One of Echoes of Hope's most popular events is the Luc Robitaille Celebrity Shootout which is held every January in Park City, UT and some its participants include Kings fan favourites Ian Laperriere and Marty McSorley in addition to March of Dimes Canada ambassador Alan Thicke. I asked Mr. Robitaille to enlighten us on how the event was first created and how it's become so popular since. "A friend of mine runs Sony Pictures Classics, Tom Bernard, and he loves hockey. Tom said, 'Look, I'd love for you to do a game there,' and he said 'I'll support you and help you,' and that's how it started six years ago," the Kings' president said. "I said we'll do a game and do it for Echoes of Hope, he's supported us and helped us over the years and that's how it started. It's grown every year and it's getting bigger every year and it's just a lot of fun for everyone." For more information on Echoes of Hope whether you'd like to donate or find out more about their events, please be sure to visit www.echoesofhope.org today. While 2013-14 marks the first full season since 2011-12, a new divisional format as well as NHLers once again competing in the Winter Olympics, this season will also introduce a series of outdoor games as part of the NHL's Stadium Series coming off the huge success of the Winter Classic. One of those outdoor games will be taking place at Los Angeles's Dodger Stadium where the hometown Kings will play host to their crosstown rivals, the Anaheim Ducks, on January 25. I asked Mr. Robitaille the consensus among the Kings' staff and whether they were excited as the fans about the upcoming game as well as to elaborate on the steps the team is taking to ensure that the outdoor game will be a success. "We're still working really hard. We think it's going to be one of the greatest moments for southern California hockey," Robitaille began. "B	[ 310, 599, 9128, 766, 11614, 26371, 749, 1009, 21820, 322, 7881, 27577, 1549, 263, 9377, 3464, 310, 11104, 322, 5786, 4822, 7400, 29889, 13, 29902, 4433, 3237, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 304, 19430, 373, 825, 17385, 630, 1075, 322, 670, 3942, 304, 4953, 9701, 411, 4779, 310, 360, 1355, 7400, 29889, 13, 29908, 3112, 29915, 29879, 263, 2107, 22778, 29889, 887, 508, 2289, 1207, 263, 1513, 3957, 322, 366, 508, 1207, 263, 4328, 1699, 6417, 277, 8284, 23644, 15736, 1711, 11520, 714, 29889, 376, 6246, 304, 2649, 366, 278, 8760, 29892, 363, 592, 322, 590, 6532, 322, 1584, 590, 413, 4841, 29892, 591, 29915, 645, 2304, 1476, 800, 393, 591, 1073, 278, 2305, 393, 664, 363, 372, 526, 2599, 372, 363, 278, 1492, 9590, 322, 4779, 310, 360, 1355, 338, 694, 7404, 763, 393, 29889, 13, 29908, 29902, 1348, 738, 931, 591, 505, 385, 15130, 304, 2367, 1250, 263, 2217, 2586, 29892, 2020, 451, 29973, 2193, 29915, 29879, 825, 591, 5735, 445, 2834, 363, 29889, 960, 591, 508, 1371, 1269, 916, 29892, 306, 1348, 372, 29915, 29879, 263, 3287, 310, 2090, 29889, 739, 3732, 372, 901, 2090, 304, 437, 825, 591, 679, 304, 437, 322, 5735, 1749, 12561, 1213, 13, 797, 6124, 29892, 3237, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 322, 670, 6532, 624, 20323, 8429, 1009, 1914, 1373, 537, 607, 306, 750, 278, 8825, 304, 2244, 278, 6573, 29899, 974, 29899, 29943, 4183, 1048, 29889, 13, 29908, 10401, 379, 1038, 26655, 476, 8141, 1099, 9559, 29892, 591, 16387, 727, 892, 263, 3287, 310, 13175, 20042, 297, 1570, 26884, 322, 591, 9213, 263, 14928, 310, 13175, 10715, 1009, 12080, 1699, 6417, 277, 8284, 5429, 592, 29889, 376, 6246, 10106, 278, 1889, 29892, 591, 2996, 4822, 445, 1108, 988, 263, 3287, 310, 413, 4841, 393, 526, 953, 273, 7334, 630, 472, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29892, 7148, 278, 6743, 393, 864, 304, 748, 304, 3762, 470, 748, 304, 12755, 29892, 1016, 29915, 29873, 505, 738, 2304, 304, 1074, 372, 1549, 29889, 13, 29908, 6295, 1951, 769, 29892, 591, 8429, 263, 22778, 2000, 382, 1859, 267, 310, 7963, 322, 591, 664, 411, 413, 4841, 1058, 526, 9926, 261, 12397, 29879, 29892, 777, 310, 963, 366, 508, 1246, 963, 472, 29899, 3780, 29895, 12397, 29892, 322, 591, 1207, 1854, 393, 29892, 937, 310, 599, 29892, 896, 29915, 345, 2355, 304, 748, 304, 3762, 322, 769, 896, 29915, 276, 15399, 363, 12755, 29892, 8401, 6375, 29892, 2805, 17643, 322, 577, 11483, 29889, 1334, 864, 304, 1207, 1854, 727, 29915, 29879, 4856, 727, 5934, 29892, 525, 29950, 1032, 29892, 591, 29915, 276, 1244, 322, 591, 29915, 276, 2675, 304, 1371, 366, 29889, 2803, 29915, 29879, 1074, 372, 1549, 5501, 1363, 263, 3287, 310, 963, 2360, 750, 263, 3847, 470, 896, 29915, 345, 2360, 750, 263, 6042, 272, 577, 472, 3203, 925, 1371, 963, 29889, 7569, 697, 310, 502, 756, 750, 4856, 1371, 502, 472, 697, 1298, 297, 1749, 12080, 322, 263, 3287, 310, 413, 4841, 29892, 746, 896, 2507, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29892, 896, 29915, 345, 2355, 694, 697, 304, 2507, 304, 29889, 1105, 29892, 591, 1207, 1854, 896, 508, 2507, 304, 382, 1859, 267, 310, 7963, 29892, 777, 310, 502, 1058, 526, 9701, 411, 278, 22778, 508, 1371, 963, 1213, 13, 6716, 310, 382, 1859, 267, 310, 7963, 29915, 29879, 1556, 5972, 4959, 338, 278, 10315, 6417, 277, 8284, 315, 6146, 1182, 537, 17550, 327, 449, 607, 338, 4934, 1432, 5490, 297, 4815, 4412, 29892, 501, 29911, 322, 777, 967, 27138, 3160, 21701, 13524, 15381, 3246, 22291, 365, 7202, 15920, 322, 3760, 29891, 4052, 29903, 272, 2330, 297, 6124, 304, 4779, 310, 360, 1355, 7400, 3181, 28760, 17102, 498, 293, 446, 29889, 306, 4433, 3237, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 304, 427, 4366, 264, 502, 373, 920, 278, 1741, 471, 937, 2825, 322, 920, 372, 29915, 29879, 4953, 577, 5972, 1951, 29889, 13, 29908, 29909, 5121, 310, 7903, 6057, 28465, 26069, 4134, 1199, 29892, 4335, 13337, 29892, 322, 540, 12355, 267, 18881, 29889, 4335, 1497, 29892, 525, 14959, 29892, 306, 29915, 29881, 5360, 363, 366, 304, 437, 263, 3748, 727, 5501, 322, 540, 1497, 525, 29902, 29915, 645, 2304, 366, 322, 1371, 366, 5501, 322, 393, 29915, 29879, 920, 372, 4687, 4832, 2440, 8020, 1699, 278, 21701, 29915, 6673, 1497, 29889, 376, 29902, 1497, 591, 29915, 645, 437, 263, 3748, 322, 437, 372, 363, 382, 1859, 267, 310, 7963, 29892, 540, 29915, 29879, 6969, 502, 322, 9213, 502, 975, 278, 2440, 322, 393, 29915, 29879, 920, 372, 4687, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 21633, 1432, 1629, 322, 372, 29915, 29879, 2805, 16600, 1432, 1629, 322, 372, 29915, 29879, 925, 263, 3287, 310, 2090, 363, 14332, 1213, 13, 2831, 901, 2472, 373, 382, 1859, 267, 310, 7963, 3692, 366, 29915, 29881, 763, 304, 1016, 403, 470, 1284, 714, 901, 1048, 1009, 4959, 29892, 3113, 367, 1854, 304, 6493, 7821, 29889, 8057, 267, 974, 1251, 412, 29889, 990, 9826, 29889, 13, 8809, 488, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 29899, 29896, 29946, 17997, 278, 937, 2989, 4259, 1951, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29896, 29899, 29896, 29906, 29892, 263, 716, 8572, 1848, 3402, 408, 1532, 408, 405, 15444, 414, 2748, 1449, 5100, 292, 297, 278, 12267, 16373, 29892, 445, 4259, 674, 884, 14944, 263, 3652, 310, 714, 17433, 8090, 408, 760, 310, 278, 405, 15444, 29915, 29879, 17213, 10488, 6421, 1283, 278, 12176, 2551, 310, 278, 12267, 24300, 29889, 3118, 310, 1906, 714, 17433, 8090, 674, 367, 5622, 2058, 472, 4602, 10722, 29915, 29879, 360, 397, 914, 17213, 988, 278, 298, 3297, 776, 21701, 674, 1708, 3495, 304, 1009, 274, 1883, 303, 776, 9050, 1338, 29892, 278, 20367, 6391, 360, 2707, 29879, 29892, 373, 5490, 29871, 29906, 29945, 29889, 13, 29902, 4433, 3237, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 278, 1136, 8841, 4249, 278, 21701, 29915, 13925, 322, 3692, 896, 892, 24173, 408, 278, 24909, 1048, 278, 701, 11506, 3748, 408, 1532, 408, 304, 19430, 373, 278, 6576, 278, 3815, 338, 5622, 304, 9801, 393, 278, 714, 17433, 3748, 674, 367, 263, 2551, 29889, 13, 29908, 4806, 29915, 276, 1603, 1985, 2289, 2898, 29889, 1334, 1348, 372, 29915, 29879, 2675, 304, 367, 697, 310, 278, 14176, 19462, 363, 14841, 8046, 18881, 1699, 6417, 277, 8284, 4689, 29889, 376, 29933 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.508844	-1.01098	-0.021849	0.331224
esides the Kings and the Ducks winning the Cup, this is going to be a huge moment for us to showcase the brand of hockey of both teams, both organizations. It's going to be sold out. We're working really hard on building around it and there's a lot of vibe around the city, a lot of talk about it. So, it's going to be a lot of fun." While many are excited for the outdoor game, there are those who are skeptical of the game's success wondering how the NHL can host an outdoor hockey game in the warm climate of Los Angeles. Mr. Robitaille was able to answer such concerns. "The NHL has made huge strides in the last few years with the outdoor system. They bought a couple of different systems and they're really good at it," No. 20 told me. "We actually, for the last four years, have been doing an outdoor rink during the holidays here in LA and they're public sessions and we get 400 to 500 people an hour to skate and there's never been a problem. "During the day, you have to be careful of the sun but when the sun goes down, it's not a big deal. It's basically the same system that's inside the buildings, inside the arenas, and they're just really good at making ice and it takes about a week to get it all done. There's a system to it but it's pretty simple and they've got it down to a good science." With their acquisition of Wayne Gretzky in 1988, the Los Angeles Kings became an overnight sensation. But for the fans who had already been supporting the Kings, Luc Robitaille was what their team was all about. Even those converted fans from the Gretzky trade soon fell in love with No. 20. Not only could Lucky Luc produce offensively but when the aforementioned Great One went down to injury early in the 1992-93, it was Robitaille who took on the role of captain, leading the Kings to their first-ever Stanley Cup Final that spring. Despite not winning hockey's ultimate prize, fans in Los Angeles remained true to Robitaille, even during the brief periods he played elsewhere. When he hung up his skates in 2006, Robitaille would look back on a career that saw him finish top-ten in league goal-scoring nine times, points-scoring four times, an all-star eight times including six-straight appearances at the All-Star Game from 1988 to 1993 and a league-best 24.8 shooting percentage in 1989-90. His 668 career goals not only make him the highest-scoring left-winger in NHL history but places him 12th on the league's all-time goal list, putting him in the same breath as the aforementioned Gretzky and Dionne in addition to the likes of Howe and Messier just to name four. For a player drafted so late, just making the NHL would have been vindicating enough – but not for Luc Robitaille. While making the jump to the front office may prove daunting for some, such wasn't the case for Robitaille who, with the help of (King's principal owner) Anschutz Entertainment Group, general manager Dean Lombardi and an exceptional scouting staff, guided the Los Angeles Kings to their first Stanley Cup crown leaving their fans all over the globe with long-awaited and much-deserved bliss. In addition to delivering both on the ice and off for the Los Angeles Kings, those who have had the privilege to meet Mr. Robitaille only have the greatest things to say about the Hall-of-Famer. While fans of the silver-and-black love the likes of their current players whether it is Anze Kopitar, Jonathan Quick or Dustin Brown, it is clear from the plethora of No. 20 jerseys that still occupy many of the seats of Staples Center night after night that no one exemplifies such a proud, successful franchise more than Mr. Luc Robitaille. hockey hall of fame la kings luc robitaille lucky luc march of dimes canada stadium series stanley cup 2013-12-12 Tags hockey hall of fame la kings luc robitaille lucky luc march of dimes canada stadium series stanley cup Next Talking with	[ 267, 2247, 278, 21701, 322, 278, 360, 2707, 29879, 15613, 278, 6536, 29892, 445, 338, 2675, 304, 367, 263, 12176, 3256, 363, 502, 304, 1510, 4878, 278, 14982, 310, 18881, 310, 1716, 10907, 29892, 1716, 25700, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 2675, 304, 367, 5239, 714, 29889, 1334, 29915, 276, 1985, 2289, 2898, 373, 5214, 2820, 372, 322, 727, 29915, 29879, 263, 3287, 310, 325, 18673, 2820, 278, 4272, 29892, 263, 3287, 310, 5193, 1048, 372, 29889, 1105, 29892, 372, 29915, 29879, 2675, 304, 367, 263, 3287, 310, 2090, 1213, 13, 8809, 488, 1784, 526, 24173, 363, 278, 714, 17433, 3748, 29892, 727, 526, 1906, 1058, 526, 18109, 415, 936, 310, 278, 3748, 29915, 29879, 2551, 9873, 920, 278, 405, 15444, 508, 3495, 385, 714, 17433, 18881, 3748, 297, 278, 14294, 23622, 310, 4602, 10722, 29889, 3237, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 471, 2221, 304, 1234, 1316, 21838, 29889, 13, 29908, 1576, 405, 15444, 756, 1754, 12176, 851, 2247, 297, 278, 1833, 2846, 2440, 411, 278, 714, 17433, 1788, 29889, 2688, 18093, 263, 7303, 310, 1422, 6757, 322, 896, 29915, 276, 2289, 1781, 472, 372, 1699, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 5429, 592, 29889, 376, 4806, 2869, 29892, 363, 278, 1833, 3023, 2440, 29892, 505, 1063, 2599, 385, 714, 17433, 364, 682, 2645, 278, 8753, 333, 1036, 1244, 297, 17900, 322, 896, 29915, 276, 970, 21396, 322, 591, 679, 29871, 29946, 29900, 29900, 304, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29900, 2305, 385, 7234, 304, 2071, 403, 322, 727, 29915, 29879, 2360, 1063, 263, 1108, 29889, 13, 29908, 29928, 3864, 278, 2462, 29892, 366, 505, 304, 367, 16010, 310, 278, 6575, 541, 746, 278, 6575, 5771, 1623, 29892, 372, 29915, 29879, 451, 263, 4802, 5376, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 8830, 278, 1021, 1788, 393, 29915, 29879, 2768, 278, 13814, 29892, 2768, 278, 9455, 294, 29892, 322, 896, 29915, 276, 925, 2289, 1781, 472, 3907, 14890, 322, 372, 4893, 1048, 263, 4723, 304, 679, 372, 599, 2309, 29889, 1670, 29915, 29879, 263, 1788, 304, 372, 541, 372, 29915, 29879, 5051, 2560, 322, 896, 29915, 345, 2355, 372, 1623, 304, 263, 1781, 10466, 1213, 13, 3047, 1009, 1274, 23493, 310, 25843, 402, 2267, 29920, 3459, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29947, 29892, 278, 4602, 10722, 21701, 3897, 385, 975, 11147, 4771, 362, 29889, 1205, 363, 278, 24909, 1058, 750, 2307, 1063, 20382, 278, 21701, 29892, 10315, 6417, 277, 8284, 471, 825, 1009, 3815, 471, 599, 1048, 29889, 7753, 1906, 11543, 24909, 515, 278, 402, 2267, 29920, 3459, 11302, 4720, 8379, 297, 5360, 411, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29889, 2216, 871, 1033, 365, 14395, 10315, 7738, 1283, 575, 3598, 541, 746, 278, 263, 1454, 882, 28487, 7027, 3118, 3512, 1623, 304, 24092, 4688, 297, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29906, 29899, 29929, 29941, 29892, 372, 471, 6417, 277, 8284, 1058, 3614, 373, 278, 6297, 310, 15315, 29892, 8236, 278, 21701, 304, 1009, 937, 29899, 1310, 21631, 6536, 9550, 393, 6709, 29889, 19454, 451, 15613, 18881, 29915, 29879, 8494, 6490, 26836, 29892, 24909, 297, 4602, 10722, 9488, 1565, 304, 6417, 277, 8284, 29892, 1584, 2645, 278, 11473, 23704, 540, 5318, 17551, 29889, 13, 10401, 540, 18757, 701, 670, 2071, 1078, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29953, 29892, 6417, 277, 8284, 723, 1106, 1250, 373, 263, 6413, 393, 4446, 1075, 8341, 2246, 29899, 841, 297, 13225, 7306, 29899, 1557, 8253, 14183, 3064, 29892, 3291, 29899, 1557, 8253, 3023, 3064, 29892, 385, 599, 29899, 8508, 9475, 3064, 3704, 4832, 29899, 4151, 523, 21712, 472, 278, 2178, 29899, 16213, 8448, 515, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29947, 304, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29941, 322, 263, 13225, 29899, 13318, 29871, 29906, 29946, 29889, 29947, 27904, 19649, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29929, 29899, 29929, 29900, 29889, 3600, 29871, 29953, 29953, 29947, 6413, 14433, 451, 871, 1207, 1075, 278, 9939, 29899, 1557, 8253, 2175, 29899, 29893, 5621, 297, 405, 15444, 4955, 541, 7600, 1075, 29871, 29896, 29906, 386, 373, 278, 13225, 29915, 29879, 599, 29899, 2230, 7306, 1051, 29892, 10594, 1075, 297, 278, 1021, 16172, 408, 278, 263, 1454, 882, 28487, 402, 2267, 29920, 3459, 322, 360, 291, 484, 297, 6124, 304, 278, 4188, 267, 310, 1128, 29872, 322, 11946, 631, 925, 304, 1024, 3023, 29889, 1152, 263, 4847, 18195, 287, 577, 5683, 29892, 925, 3907, 278, 405, 15444, 723, 505, 1063, 325, 513, 293, 1218, 3307, 785, 541, 451, 363, 10315, 6417, 277, 8284, 29889, 5806, 3907, 278, 12500, 304, 278, 4565, 8034, 1122, 6356, 1146, 348, 1259, 363, 777, 29892, 1316, 9007, 29915, 29873, 278, 1206, 363, 6417, 277, 8284, 1058, 29892, 411, 278, 1371, 310, 313, 29968, 292, 29915, 29879, 5882, 12271, 29897, 530, 18377, 18189, 6431, 29892, 2498, 8455, 23263, 24869, 18015, 322, 385, 3682, 284, 885, 449, 292, 13925, 29892, 1410, 2618, 278, 4602, 10722, 21701, 304, 1009, 937, 21631, 6536, 20844, 10124, 1009, 24909, 599, 975, 278, 15482, 915, 411, 1472, 29899, 20675, 287, 322, 1568, 29899, 2783, 9841, 1999, 790, 29889, 13, 797, 6124, 304, 12021, 292, 1716, 373, 278, 14890, 322, 1283, 363, 278, 4602, 10722, 21701, 29892, 1906, 1058, 505, 750, 278, 14828, 479, 304, 5870, 3237, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 871, 505, 278, 14176, 2712, 304, 1827, 1048, 278, 6573, 29899, 974, 29899, 29943, 4183, 29889, 5806, 24909, 310, 278, 13283, 29899, 392, 29899, 8517, 5360, 278, 4188, 267, 310, 1009, 1857, 10769, 3692, 372, 338, 530, 911, 27476, 3673, 29892, 20983, 26141, 470, 360, 504, 262, 9817, 29892, 372, 338, 2821, 515, 278, 5644, 386, 2207, 310, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 432, 261, 344, 952, 393, 1603, 6919, 29891, 1784, 310, 278, 22091, 310, 624, 481, 793, 7817, 4646, 1156, 4646, 393, 694, 697, 29455, 11057, 1316, 263, 22314, 29892, 9150, 23272, 895, 901, 1135, 3237, 29889, 10315, 6417, 277, 8284, 29889, 13, 1251, 384, 1032, 12713, 310, 27965, 425, 413, 886, 21626, 696, 2966, 8284, 9885, 29891, 21626, 8575, 310, 270, 1355, 508, 1114, 10728, 1974, 3652, 11075, 2330, 18002, 12, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 29899, 29896, 29906, 29899, 29896, 29906, 13, 28089, 18881, 12713, 310, 27965, 425, 413, 886, 21626, 696, 2966, 8284, 9885, 29891, 21626, 8575, 310, 270, 1355, 508, 1114, 10728, 1974, 3652, 11075, 2330, 18002, 13, 9190, 323, 2235, 292, 411 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.614809	-0.708839	0.598158	-0.561858
Always Forward Newsletter LA Catholics Sunday Readings Archbishop José H. Gomez Father Ronald Rolheiser, OMI Ruben Navarrette Heather King Grazie Pozo Christie John L. Allen, Jr. Greg Erlandson Robert Brennan Russell Shaw Children's religious education: Catechesis of the Good Shepherd Heather King \| The Crux Apr 05, 2017 • 3 Min Read facebook envelope print Sofia Cavalletti (1917-2011), co-foundress of the Catechesis of the Good Shepherd, developed a three-level, nine-year method of religious education for children based on Montessori principles. A native of Rome and a Hebrew scholar, she had neither the background nor interest in children's education. But asked by a colleague in 1954 to teach a religion class to young people, Cavalletti read aloud from the book of Genesis. And a 7-year-old named Paolo, wept. Those tears of joy amazed her. Through a teacher named Gianna Gobbi, Cavalletti learned of the child's natural capacity for contemplation, love of order and silence and delight in work. Together they developed a space for combined learning and worship that they called an atrium, and a method — the Catechesis of the Good Shepherd (CGS) — that has changed very little to this day. A couple of Saturday mornings ago, I drove to Fillmore, a ranching town outside Santa Paula. Here, Richena Curphey, a librarian at Thomas Aquinas College by day, has established a CGS atrium for the children of St. Francis of Assisi parish. She started five years ago, buying or begging or making the materials herself, setting up and breaking down the entire atrium for each session. This year, at last, the parish has given her a permanent room. "One of the primary roles of the catechist is to maintain order in the space, to prepare the environment," she said. "We're not teachers so much as co-wonderers with the child. The only teacher in the atrium is Christ." Miss Richena, as the children call her, has Level 2: 6-to-9 year-olds. Level 1 meets a couple of doors down. The children gather outside, sing a couple of songs to settle, then line up to process to their respective atriums. They kick off their shoes before entering. Their voices lower. "When we come into the atrium, we control our bodies." Everything in the atrium has a sacramental dimension. There are cabinets, bookshelves, a lectern with a large maroon Bible, a wooden crucifix. Potted plants, a papier-mâché globe with a dot marking the land of Israel, an hourglass. Cubbyholes holding markers, colored construction paper and pasting work. The children sit before a low prayer table. One little girl is invited to light the candle. Another child is invited to read the "maxim," a Bible verse printed in large letters on a wooden placard. Today's is, "Be perfect as your heavenly Father is perfect" (Matthew 5:48). "I wonder what Christ meant when he said that. Do you think that's easy?" Miss Richena asked. "Well, not super easy," one tot offered, "because God is perfect and we all sin." "He gives us free will so we can decide," another chimed in. "We wouldn't even live without Jesus 'cause he breathes into us," a third observed. "During Lent I encourage you to use the maxims as a way to get ready for Easter. And now you might want to find some work," Miss Richena said. The kids wander to various stations opening boxes, culling through folders. One little boy unrolls a rug on which to sit and draw. Two girls sit side by side and pluck at a kid-sized lap harp. Another girl carries a tray prepared for flower arranging. "The child can choose any work he or she has been shown how to use," explained Miss Richena. "How do you know they're getting it with no workbooks, no tests? Because the catechists have to be observing, making mental notes, guiding, helping." A lad, very much after my own	[ 29849, 1152, 1328, 10130, 15670, 13, 4375, 315, 6347, 1199, 13, 29903, 870, 388, 7523, 886, 13, 13197, 28693, 7942, 379, 29889, 402, 608, 29920, 13, 29943, 1624, 11546, 2741, 8731, 354, 7608, 29892, 438, 10403, 13, 29934, 21341, 24707, 2267, 371, 13, 3868, 1624, 4088, 13, 29954, 336, 3914, 18048, 29877, 2819, 347, 13, 11639, 365, 29889, 16092, 29892, 13843, 29889, 13, 29954, 1727, 1425, 1049, 1100, 13, 9588, 2151, 350, 1267, 13707, 13, 23002, 514, 28548, 13, 19334, 29915, 29879, 12962, 9793, 29901, 315, 403, 6609, 275, 310, 278, 7197, 2296, 561, 2018, 13, 3868, 1624, 4088, 891, 450, 11263, 29916, 13, 29909, 558, 29871, 29900, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29955, 10266, 29871, 29941, 3080, 7523, 13, 15445, 427, 21367, 1596, 13, 29903, 974, 423, 20354, 3498, 698, 29875, 313, 29896, 29929, 29896, 29955, 29899, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29896, 511, 1302, 29899, 11940, 1253, 310, 278, 315, 403, 6609, 275, 310, 278, 7197, 2296, 561, 2018, 29892, 8906, 263, 2211, 29899, 5563, 29892, 14183, 29899, 6360, 1158, 310, 12962, 9793, 363, 4344, 2729, 373, 4526, 404, 4170, 18671, 29889, 13, 29909, 7531, 310, 9184, 322, 263, 18472, 3973, 21344, 29892, 1183, 750, 9561, 278, 3239, 3643, 4066, 297, 4344, 29915, 29879, 9793, 29889, 1205, 4433, 491, 263, 23056, 3437, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29945, 29946, 304, 6860, 263, 13433, 770, 304, 4123, 2305, 29892, 20354, 3498, 698, 29875, 1303, 394, 2736, 515, 278, 3143, 310, 5739, 6656, 29889, 1126, 263, 29871, 29955, 29899, 6360, 29899, 1025, 4257, 22207, 29892, 591, 415, 29889, 13, 1349, 852, 20190, 310, 15331, 21863, 287, 902, 29889, 17044, 263, 15703, 4257, 21569, 1056, 402, 711, 5365, 29892, 20354, 3498, 698, 29875, 10972, 310, 278, 2278, 29915, 29879, 5613, 13284, 363, 640, 16305, 362, 29892, 5360, 310, 1797, 322, 15142, 322, 15319, 297, 664, 29889, 13, 29911, 12966, 896, 8906, 263, 2913, 363, 12420, 6509, 322, 26320, 393, 896, 2000, 385, 472, 16241, 29892, 322, 263, 1158, 813, 278, 315, 403, 6609, 275, 310, 278, 7197, 2296, 561, 2018, 313, 29907, 10749, 29897, 813, 393, 756, 3939, 1407, 2217, 304, 445, 2462, 29889, 13, 29909, 7303, 310, 24211, 286, 1398, 886, 8020, 29892, 306, 26603, 304, 383, 453, 5514, 29892, 263, 6350, 305, 292, 4726, 5377, 7510, 2621, 2497, 29889, 2266, 29892, 4385, 2386, 10837, 28362, 29891, 29892, 263, 619, 1182, 13956, 472, 5569, 16020, 10189, 6346, 491, 2462, 29892, 756, 7841, 263, 8446, 29903, 472, 16241, 363, 278, 4344, 310, 624, 29889, 5845, 310, 4007, 10770, 19373, 29889, 13, 13468, 4687, 5320, 2440, 8020, 29892, 1321, 5414, 470, 25945, 292, 470, 3907, 278, 17279, 8735, 29892, 4444, 701, 322, 16679, 1623, 278, 4152, 472, 16241, 363, 1269, 4867, 29889, 910, 1629, 29892, 472, 1833, 29892, 278, 19373, 756, 2183, 902, 263, 17667, 5716, 29889, 376, 6716, 310, 278, 7601, 16178, 310, 278, 274, 403, 305, 391, 338, 304, 7344, 1797, 297, 278, 2913, 29892, 304, 19012, 278, 5177, 1699, 1183, 1497, 29889, 376, 4806, 29915, 276, 451, 27335, 577, 1568, 408, 1302, 29899, 29893, 8417, 414, 411, 278, 2278, 29889, 450, 871, 15703, 297, 278, 472, 16241, 338, 2819, 1213, 13, 18552, 4385, 2386, 29892, 408, 278, 4344, 1246, 902, 29892, 756, 21597, 29871, 29906, 29901, 29871, 29953, 29899, 517, 29899, 29929, 1629, 29899, 3361, 29889, 21597, 29871, 29896, 28103, 263, 7303, 310, 24189, 1623, 29889, 13, 1576, 4344, 11705, 5377, 29892, 1809, 263, 7303, 310, 12516, 304, 3604, 280, 29892, 769, 1196, 701, 304, 1889, 304, 1009, 18067, 472, 374, 6762, 29889, 2688, 24817, 1283, 1009, 17394, 267, 1434, 18055, 29889, 11275, 28848, 5224, 29889, 13, 29908, 10401, 591, 2041, 964, 278, 472, 16241, 29892, 591, 2761, 1749, 17873, 1213, 17296, 297, 278, 472, 16241, 756, 263, 19886, 11491, 9927, 29889, 1670, 526, 28830, 1691, 29892, 3143, 845, 295, 1960, 29892, 263, 13081, 824, 411, 263, 2919, 1766, 6150, 21958, 29892, 263, 27278, 7618, 29883, 361, 861, 29889, 349, 15048, 18577, 29892, 263, 3500, 631, 29899, 29885, 30057, 11555, 15482, 915, 411, 263, 8329, 2791, 292, 278, 2982, 310, 11996, 29892, 385, 7234, 29050, 29889, 28618, 1609, 5391, 267, 13587, 29320, 29892, 28684, 7632, 5650, 322, 4940, 292, 664, 29889, 13, 1576, 4344, 7845, 1434, 263, 4482, 27402, 1591, 29889, 3118, 2217, 7826, 338, 23610, 304, 3578, 278, 23794, 280, 29889, 7280, 2278, 338, 23610, 304, 1303, 278, 376, 27525, 1699, 263, 21958, 23281, 13350, 297, 2919, 8721, 373, 263, 27278, 2174, 7543, 29889, 20628, 29915, 29879, 338, 29892, 376, 3629, 4922, 408, 596, 18356, 368, 17852, 338, 4922, 29908, 313, 29924, 1131, 13636, 29871, 29945, 29901, 29946, 29947, 467, 13, 29908, 29902, 4997, 825, 2819, 6839, 746, 540, 1497, 393, 29889, 1938, 366, 1348, 393, 29915, 29879, 4780, 3026, 4750, 4385, 2386, 4433, 29889, 13, 29908, 11284, 29892, 451, 2428, 4780, 1699, 697, 2025, 12520, 29892, 376, 18103, 4177, 338, 4922, 322, 591, 599, 4457, 1213, 13, 29908, 3868, 4076, 502, 3889, 674, 577, 591, 508, 11097, 1699, 1790, 20674, 287, 297, 29889, 13, 29908, 4806, 7656, 29915, 29873, 1584, 5735, 1728, 13825, 525, 29883, 1071, 540, 16172, 267, 964, 502, 1699, 263, 4654, 8900, 29889, 13, 29908, 29928, 3864, 365, 296, 306, 13731, 6617, 366, 304, 671, 278, 5256, 29879, 408, 263, 982, 304, 679, 7960, 363, 382, 1901, 29889, 1126, 1286, 366, 1795, 864, 304, 1284, 777, 664, 1699, 4750, 4385, 2386, 1497, 29889, 13, 1576, 413, 4841, 281, 3825, 304, 5164, 16355, 8718, 16273, 29892, 274, 913, 292, 1549, 16495, 29889, 13, 6716, 2217, 8023, 443, 1245, 29879, 263, 29833, 373, 607, 304, 7845, 322, 4216, 29889, 7803, 14000, 7845, 2625, 491, 2625, 322, 715, 2707, 472, 263, 26397, 29899, 29879, 1891, 23012, 4023, 29886, 29889, 7280, 7826, 1559, 2722, 263, 260, 764, 13240, 363, 28149, 3948, 9776, 29889, 13, 29908, 1576, 2278, 508, 6755, 738, 664, 540, 470, 1183, 756, 1063, 4318, 920, 304, 671, 1699, 10824, 4750, 4385, 2386, 29889, 376, 5328, 437, 366, 1073, 896, 29915, 276, 2805, 372, 411, 694, 664, 12733, 29892, 694, 6987, 29973, 7311, 278, 274, 403, 305, 2879, 505, 304, 367, 5366, 1747, 29892, 3907, 19119, 11486, 29892, 1410, 4821, 29892, 19912, 1213, 13, 29909, 11979, 29892, 1407, 1568, 1156, 590, 1914 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.223431	-0.218682	-0.020953	1.620054
package org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.streaming; import java.io.DataInput; import java.io.DataOutput; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger; import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger; import org.apache.geode.CancelException; import org.apache.geode.DataSerializer; import org.apache.geode.GemFireRethrowable; import org.apache.geode.InternalGemFireError; import org.apache.geode.InternalGemFireException; import org.apache.geode.SystemFailure; import org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.DefaultQuery; import org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.PRQueryTraceInfo; import org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.QueryMonitor; import org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.StructImpl; import org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.types.StructTypeImpl; import org.apache.geode.cache.query.types.ObjectType; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.ClusterDistributionManager; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.DistributionManager; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.DistributionMessage; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.InternalDistributedSystem; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.MessageWithReply; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.PooledDistributionMessage; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.ReplyException; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.ReplyMessage; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.ReplyProcessor21; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.membership.InternalDistributedMember; import org.apache.geode.internal.HeapDataOutputStream; import org.apache.geode.internal.InternalDataSerializer; import org.apache.geode.internal.Version; import org.apache.geode.internal.cache.PartitionedRegionQueryEvaluator; import org.apache.geode.internal.cache.Token; import org.apache.geode.internal.i18n.LocalizedStrings; import org.apache.geode.internal.logging.LogService; import org.apache.geode.internal.util.BlobHelper; /** * StreamingOperation is an abstraction for sending messages to multiple (or single) recipient * requesting a potentially large amount of data and receiving the reply with data chunked into * several messages. * / public abstract class StreamingOperation { private static final Logger logger = LogService.getLogger(); /* * This is the number of bytes that need to be allowed in addition to data chunk to prevent * overflowing the socket buffer size in one message. For now, this is just an estimate / public static final int MSG_OVERHEAD = 200; // seems to need to be greater than 100 public final InternalDistributedSystem sys; /* Creates a new instance of StreamingOperation / public StreamingOperation(InternalDistributedSystem sys) { this.sys = sys; } /* * Returns normally if succeeded to get data, otherwise throws an exception * * @throws InterruptedException TODO-javadocs */ public void getDataFromAll(Set recipients) throws org.apache.geode.cache.TimeoutException, InterruptedException { if (Thread.interrupted()) throw new InterruptedException(); if (recipients.isEmpty()) return; StreamingProcessor processor = new StreamingProcessor(this.sys, recipients); DistributionMessage m = createRequestMessage(recipients, processor); this.sys.getDistributionManager().putOutgoing(m); // while() loop removed for bug 36983 - you can't loop on waitForRep	[ 29871, 13, 13, 5113, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 5461, 292, 29936, 13, 13, 5215, 2115, 29889, 601, 29889, 1469, 4290, 29936, 13, 5215, 2115, 29889, 601, 29889, 1469, 6466, 29936, 13, 5215, 2115, 29889, 601, 29889, 20477, 29936, 13, 5215, 2115, 29889, 4422, 29889, 20165, 29936, 13, 5215, 2115, 29889, 4422, 29889, 27824, 29936, 13, 5215, 2115, 29889, 4422, 29889, 1293, 29936, 13, 5215, 2115, 29889, 4422, 29889, 3388, 29936, 13, 5215, 2115, 29889, 4422, 29889, 2697, 29936, 13, 5215, 2115, 29889, 4422, 29889, 19279, 29889, 21641, 29889, 4178, 25426, 7798, 29936, 13, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 21027, 29889, 1188, 29946, 29926, 29889, 16363, 29936, 13, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 19420, 2451, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 1469, 17679, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 29954, 331, 18654, 29934, 621, 798, 519, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 16491, 29954, 331, 18654, 2392, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 16491, 29954, 331, 18654, 2451, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 3924, 24155, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 8173, 29889, 1972, 29889, 7564, 29889, 4592, 3010, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 8173, 29889, 1972, 29889, 7564, 29889, 10593, 3010, 11591, 3401, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 8173, 29889, 1972, 29889, 7564, 29889, 3010, 7185, 2105, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 8173, 29889, 1972, 29889, 7564, 29889, 19560, 6647, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 8173, 29889, 1972, 29889, 7564, 29889, 8768, 29889, 19560, 1542, 6647, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 8173, 29889, 1972, 29889, 8768, 29889, 2061, 1542, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 6821, 5402, 13398, 3224, 3260, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 13398, 3224, 3260, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 13398, 3224, 3728, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 16491, 13398, 7541, 3924, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 3728, 3047, 5612, 368, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 29925, 3634, 839, 13398, 3224, 3728, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 5612, 368, 2451, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 5612, 368, 3728, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 5612, 368, 18689, 29906, 29896, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 29885, 1590, 10475, 29889, 16491, 13398, 7541, 13404, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 7564, 29889, 3868, 481, 1469, 16764, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 7564, 29889, 16491, 1469, 17679, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 7564, 29889, 6594, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 7564, 29889, 8173, 29889, 7439, 654, 287, 18457, 3010, 29923, 4387, 1061, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 7564, 29889, 8173, 29889, 6066, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 7564, 29889, 29875, 29896, 29947, 29876, 29889, 7717, 1891, 26545, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 7564, 29889, 21027, 29889, 3403, 3170, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 7564, 29889, 4422, 29889, 29933, 2127, 10739, 29936, 13, 13, 7918, 13, 334, 13763, 292, 10925, 338, 385, 27086, 428, 363, 9348, 7191, 304, 2999, 313, 272, 2323, 29897, 23957, 993, 13, 334, 2009, 292, 263, 19998, 2919, 5253, 310, 848, 322, 13442, 278, 8908, 411, 848, 19875, 287, 964, 13, 334, 3196, 7191, 29889, 13, 334, 13, 3776, 13, 3597, 9846, 770, 13763, 292, 10925, 426, 13, 29871, 2024, 2294, 2186, 28468, 17927, 353, 4522, 3170, 29889, 657, 16363, 890, 13, 13, 29871, 7762, 13, 259, 334, 910, 338, 278, 1353, 310, 6262, 393, 817, 304, 367, 6068, 297, 6124, 304, 848, 19875, 304, 5557, 13, 259, 334, 11969, 292, 278, 9909, 6835, 2159, 297, 697, 2643, 29889, 1152, 1286, 29892, 445, 338, 925, 385, 12678, 13, 259, 3776, 13, 29871, 970, 2294, 2186, 938, 10888, 29954, 29918, 29949, 5348, 23252, 353, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29936, 849, 2444, 304, 817, 304, 367, 7621, 1135, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 13, 13, 29871, 970, 2186, 512, 1890, 13398, 7541, 3924, 10876, 29936, 13, 13, 29871, 7762, 6760, 1078, 263, 716, 2777, 310, 13763, 292, 10925, 3776, 13, 29871, 970, 13763, 292, 10925, 29898, 16491, 13398, 7541, 3924, 10876, 29897, 426, 13, 1678, 445, 29889, 9675, 353, 10876, 29936, 13, 29871, 500, 13, 13, 29871, 7762, 13, 259, 334, 16969, 12891, 565, 14792, 304, 679, 848, 29892, 6467, 8026, 385, 3682, 13, 259, 334, 13, 259, 334, 732, 386, 5727, 4124, 14214, 2451, 14402, 29899, 9494, 328, 12332, 13, 259, 3776, 13, 29871, 970, 1780, 679, 1469, 4591, 3596, 29898, 2697, 23957, 10070, 29897, 13, 418, 8026, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 8173, 29889, 10851, 2451, 29892, 4124, 14214, 2451, 426, 13, 1678, 565, 313, 4899, 29889, 1639, 14214, 3101, 13, 418, 3183, 716, 4124, 14214, 2451, 890, 13, 1678, 565, 313, 4361, 29886, 10070, 29889, 24326, 3101, 13, 418, 736, 29936, 13, 13, 1678, 13763, 292, 18689, 21433, 353, 716, 13763, 292, 18689, 29898, 1366, 29889, 9675, 29892, 23957, 10070, 416, 13, 1678, 17740, 3728, 286, 353, 1653, 3089, 3728, 29898, 4361, 29886, 10070, 29892, 21433, 416, 13, 1678, 445, 29889, 9675, 29889, 657, 13398, 3224, 3260, 2141, 649, 3744, 17696, 29898, 29885, 416, 13, 1678, 849, 1550, 580, 2425, 6206, 363, 6494, 29871, 29941, 29953, 29929, 29947, 29941, 448, 366, 508, 29915, 29873, 2425, 373, 4480, 2831, 5612 ]	1,024	Github	-1.249095	1.038871	-0.695653	-0.414816
lies() try { // should we allow this to timeout? processor.waitForRepliesUninterruptibly(); } catch (InternalGemFireException ex) { Throwable cause = ex.getCause(); if (cause instanceof org.apache.geode.cache.TimeoutException) { throw (org.apache.geode.cache.TimeoutException) cause; } throw ex; } catch (ReplyException e) { e.handleCause(); // throws exception } } /** Override in subclass to instantiate request message / protected abstract DistributionMessage createRequestMessage(Set recipients, ReplyProcessor21 processor); /* * Called from separate thread when reply is processed. * * @return false if should abort (region was destroyed or cache was closed) / public boolean processChunk(List objects, InternalDistributedMember sender, int sequenceNum, boolean lastInSequence) { return processData(objects, sender, sequenceNum, lastInSequence); } /* * Override in subclass to do something useful with the data. * * @param sequenceNum the sequence of this data (0-based), in case ordering matters * @param lastInSequence true if this is the last chunk in the sequence * @return false to abort / protected abstract boolean processData(List objects, InternalDistributedMember sender, int sequenceNum, boolean lastInSequence); public class StreamingProcessor extends ReplyProcessor21 { protected volatile boolean abort = false; private final Map statusMap = new HashMap(); protected final AtomicInteger msgsBeingProcessed = new AtomicInteger(); class Status { int msgsProcessed = 0; int numMsgs = 0; /* Return true if this is the very last reply msg to process for this member */ protected synchronized boolean trackMessage(StreamingReplyMessage m) { this.msgsProcessed++; if (m.lastMsg) { this.numMsgs = m.msgNum + 1; } if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug( "Streaming Message Tracking Status: Processor id: {}; Sender: {}; Messages Processed: {}; NumMsgs: {}", getProcessorId(), m.getSender(), this.msgsProcessed, this.numMsgs); } // this.numMsgs starts out as zero and gets initialized // only when we get a lastMsg true. // Since we increment msgsProcessed, the following condition // cannot be true until sometime after we've received the // lastMsg, and signals that all messages have been processed return this.msgsProcessed == this.numMsgs; } } public StreamingProcessor(final InternalDistributedSystem system, InternalDistributedMember member) { super(system, member); } public StreamingProcessor(InternalDistributedSystem system, Set members) { super(system, members); } @Override public void process(DistributionMessage msg) { // ignore messages from members not in the wait list if (!waitingOnMember(msg.getSender())) { return; } this.msgsBeingProcessed.incrementAndGet(); try { StreamingReplyMessage m = (StreamingReplyMessage) msg; boolean isLast = true; // is last message for this member? List objects = m.getObjects(); if (objects != null) { // CONSTRAINT: objects should only be null if there's no data at all // Bug 37461: don't allow abort to be reset. boolean isAborted = this.abort; // volatile fetch if (!isAborted) { isAborted = !processChunk(objects, m.getSender(), m.msgNum, m.lastMsg); if (isAborted) { this.abort = true; // volatile store } } isLast = isAborted \|\| trackMessage(m); // interpret msgNum //	[ 3687, 580, 13, 1678, 1018, 426, 13, 418, 849, 881, 591, 2758, 445, 304, 11815, 29973, 13, 418, 21433, 29889, 10685, 2831, 5612, 3687, 2525, 1639, 6685, 14981, 890, 13, 1678, 500, 4380, 313, 16491, 29954, 331, 18654, 2451, 429, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 498, 798, 519, 4556, 353, 429, 29889, 657, 29907, 1071, 890, 13, 418, 565, 313, 29883, 1071, 28919, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 8173, 29889, 10851, 2451, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 3183, 313, 990, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 8173, 29889, 10851, 2451, 29897, 4556, 29936, 13, 418, 500, 13, 418, 3183, 429, 29936, 13, 1678, 500, 4380, 313, 5612, 368, 2451, 321, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 321, 29889, 8411, 29907, 1071, 890, 13, 418, 849, 8026, 3682, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 29871, 500, 13, 13, 29871, 7762, 6811, 2426, 297, 19481, 304, 25112, 2009, 2643, 3776, 13, 29871, 6364, 9846, 17740, 3728, 1653, 3089, 3728, 29898, 2697, 23957, 10070, 29892, 13, 418, 10088, 368, 18689, 29906, 29896, 21433, 416, 13, 13, 29871, 7762, 13, 259, 334, 3037, 839, 515, 5004, 3244, 746, 8908, 338, 19356, 29889, 13, 259, 334, 13, 259, 334, 732, 2457, 2089, 565, 881, 27450, 313, 12803, 471, 14416, 470, 7090, 471, 5764, 29897, 13, 259, 3776, 13, 29871, 970, 7223, 1889, 1451, 2960, 29898, 1293, 3618, 29892, 512, 1890, 13398, 7541, 13404, 10004, 29892, 938, 5665, 8009, 29892, 13, 418, 7223, 1833, 797, 20529, 29897, 426, 13, 1678, 736, 1889, 1469, 29898, 12650, 29892, 10004, 29892, 5665, 8009, 29892, 1833, 797, 20529, 416, 13, 29871, 500, 13, 13, 29871, 7762, 13, 259, 334, 6811, 2426, 297, 19481, 304, 437, 1554, 5407, 411, 278, 848, 29889, 13, 259, 334, 13, 259, 334, 732, 3207, 5665, 8009, 278, 5665, 310, 445, 848, 313, 29900, 29899, 6707, 511, 297, 1206, 20520, 13750, 13, 259, 334, 732, 3207, 1833, 797, 20529, 1565, 565, 445, 338, 278, 1833, 19875, 297, 278, 5665, 13, 259, 334, 732, 2457, 2089, 304, 27450, 13, 259, 3776, 13, 13, 29871, 6364, 9846, 7223, 1889, 1469, 29898, 1293, 3618, 29892, 512, 1890, 13398, 7541, 13404, 10004, 29892, 13, 418, 938, 5665, 8009, 29892, 7223, 1833, 797, 20529, 416, 13, 13, 29871, 970, 770, 13763, 292, 18689, 4988, 10088, 368, 18689, 29906, 29896, 426, 13, 1678, 6364, 1700, 24285, 7223, 27450, 353, 2089, 29936, 13, 1678, 2024, 2186, 7315, 4660, 3388, 353, 716, 23073, 890, 13, 13, 1678, 6364, 2186, 2180, 25426, 7798, 10887, 3174, 3629, 292, 7032, 287, 353, 716, 2180, 25426, 7798, 890, 13, 13, 1678, 770, 16034, 426, 13, 418, 938, 10887, 3174, 7032, 287, 353, 29871, 29900, 29936, 13, 418, 938, 954, 29924, 29879, 3174, 353, 29871, 29900, 29936, 13, 13, 418, 7762, 7106, 1565, 565, 445, 338, 278, 1407, 1833, 8908, 10191, 304, 1889, 363, 445, 4509, 3776, 13, 418, 6364, 12231, 1891, 7223, 5702, 3728, 29898, 3835, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 286, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 445, 29889, 1516, 3174, 7032, 287, 9107, 13, 13, 4706, 565, 313, 29885, 29889, 4230, 16190, 29897, 426, 13, 3986, 445, 29889, 1949, 29924, 29879, 3174, 353, 286, 29889, 7645, 8009, 718, 29871, 29896, 29936, 13, 4706, 500, 13, 4706, 565, 313, 21707, 29889, 275, 11862, 10861, 3101, 426, 13, 3986, 17927, 29889, 8382, 29898, 13, 795, 376, 3835, 292, 7777, 17026, 292, 16034, 29901, 10554, 272, 1178, 29901, 15739, 317, 1581, 29901, 15739, 11946, 1179, 10554, 287, 29901, 15739, 11848, 29924, 29879, 3174, 29901, 6571, 613, 13, 795, 679, 18689, 1204, 3285, 286, 29889, 657, 29615, 3285, 445, 29889, 1516, 3174, 7032, 287, 29892, 445, 29889, 1949, 29924, 29879, 3174, 416, 13, 4706, 500, 13, 13, 4706, 849, 445, 29889, 1949, 29924, 29879, 3174, 8665, 714, 408, 5225, 322, 4947, 16601, 13, 4706, 849, 871, 746, 591, 679, 263, 1833, 16190, 1565, 29889, 13, 4706, 849, 4001, 591, 11924, 10887, 3174, 7032, 287, 29892, 278, 1494, 4195, 13, 4706, 849, 2609, 367, 1565, 2745, 1047, 5410, 1156, 591, 29915, 345, 4520, 278, 13, 4706, 849, 1833, 16190, 29892, 322, 18470, 393, 599, 7191, 505, 1063, 19356, 13, 4706, 736, 445, 29889, 1516, 3174, 7032, 287, 1275, 445, 29889, 1949, 29924, 29879, 3174, 29936, 13, 418, 500, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 13, 1678, 970, 13763, 292, 18689, 29898, 8394, 512, 1890, 13398, 7541, 3924, 1788, 29892, 13, 4706, 512, 1890, 13398, 7541, 13404, 4509, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 2428, 29898, 5205, 29892, 4509, 416, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 970, 13763, 292, 18689, 29898, 16491, 13398, 7541, 3924, 1788, 29892, 3789, 5144, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 2428, 29898, 5205, 29892, 5144, 416, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 970, 1780, 1889, 29898, 13398, 3224, 3728, 10191, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 849, 11455, 7191, 515, 5144, 451, 297, 278, 4480, 1051, 13, 418, 565, 5384, 10685, 292, 2951, 13404, 29898, 7645, 29889, 657, 29615, 22130, 426, 13, 4706, 736, 29936, 13, 418, 500, 13, 418, 445, 29889, 1516, 3174, 3629, 292, 7032, 287, 29889, 25629, 2855, 2577, 890, 13, 418, 1018, 426, 13, 4706, 13763, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 286, 353, 313, 3835, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 29897, 10191, 29936, 13, 4706, 7223, 338, 8897, 353, 1565, 29936, 849, 338, 1833, 2643, 363, 445, 4509, 29973, 13, 4706, 2391, 3618, 353, 286, 29889, 657, 12724, 890, 13, 4706, 565, 313, 12650, 2804, 1870, 29897, 426, 849, 8707, 1254, 4717, 10192, 29901, 3618, 881, 871, 367, 1870, 565, 727, 29915, 29879, 694, 848, 472, 599, 13, 3986, 849, 28209, 29871, 29941, 29955, 29946, 29953, 29896, 29901, 1016, 29915, 29873, 2758, 27450, 304, 367, 10092, 29889, 13, 3986, 7223, 338, 4920, 18054, 353, 445, 29889, 370, 441, 29936, 849, 1700, 24285, 6699, 13, 3986, 565, 5384, 275, 4920, 18054, 29897, 426, 13, 9651, 338, 4920, 18054, 353, 1738, 5014, 1451, 2960, 29898, 12650, 29892, 286, 29889, 657, 29615, 3285, 286, 29889, 7645, 8009, 29892, 286, 29889, 4230, 16190, 416, 13, 9651, 565, 313, 275, 4920, 18054, 29897, 426, 13, 795, 445, 29889, 370, 441, 353, 1565, 29936, 849, 1700, 24285, 3787, 13, 9651, 500, 13, 3986, 500, 13, 3986, 338, 8897, 353, 338, 4920, 18054, 3830, 5702, 3728, 29898, 29885, 416, 849, 6613, 10191, 8009, 13, 3986, 849 ]	1,024	Github	-1.186602	0.436699	-1.003191	-0.362007
@todo ezoerner send an abort message to data provider if // !doContinue (region was destroyed or cache closed); // also provide ability to explicitly cancel } else { // if a null chunk was received (no data), then // we're done with that member isLast = true; } if (isLast) { super.process(msg, false); // removes from members and cause us to // ignore future messages received from that member } } finally { this.msgsBeingProcessed.decrementAndGet(); checkIfDone(); // check to see if decrementing msgsBeingProcessed requires signalling to // proceed } } /** * Contract of {@link ReplyProcessor21#stillWaiting()} is to never return true after returning * false. / private volatile boolean finishedWaiting = false; /* * Overridden to wait for messages being currently processed: This situation can come about if a * member departs while we are still processing data from that member */ @Override protected boolean stillWaiting() { if (finishedWaiting) { // volatile fetch return false; } if (this.msgsBeingProcessed.get() > 0) { // to fix bug 37391 always wait for msgsBeingPRocessod to go to 0, // even if abort is true return true; } // volatile fetches finishedWaiting = finishedWaiting \|\| this.abort \|\| !super.stillWaiting(); return !finishedWaiting; } @Override public String toString() { return "<" + this.getClass().getName() + " " + this.getProcessorId() + " waiting for " + numMembers() + " replies" + (exception == null ? "" : (" exception: " + exception)) + " from " + membersToString() + "; waiting for " + this.msgsBeingProcessed.get() + " messages in the process of being processed" + ">"; } protected boolean trackMessage(StreamingReplyMessage m) { Status status; synchronized (this) { status = (Status) this.statusMap.get(m.getSender()); if (status == null) { status = new Status(); this.statusMap.put(m.getSender(), status); } } return status.trackMessage(m); } } public abstract static class RequestStreamingMessage extends PooledDistributionMessage implements MessageWithReply { protected int processorId; @Override public int getProcessorId() { return this.processorId; } @Override protected void process(final ClusterDistributionManager dm) { Throwable thr = null; ReplyException rex = null; Object nextObject = null; Object failedObject = null; int socketBufferSize = dm.getSystem().getConfig().getSocketBufferSize(); int chunkSize = socketBufferSize - MSG_OVERHEAD; HeapDataOutputStream outStream = new HeapDataOutputStream(chunkSize, getSender().getVersionObject()); boolean sentFinalMessage = false; boolean receiverCacheClosed = false; int msgNum = 0; try { do { int numObjectsInChunk = 0; // boolean firstObject = true; // always write at least one object, allowing expansion // if we have an object already that didn't get added, then use // that object instead of getting another one if (failedObject == null) { nextObject = getNextReplyObject(); } else { nextObject = failedObject; failedObject = null; } if (nextObject != Token.END_OF_STREAM) { numObjectsInChunk = 1; BlobHelper.serializeTo(nextObject, outStream); // for the next objects, disallow stream from allocating more storage do { outStream.disallowExp	[ 732, 29873, 8144, 321, 2502, 15479, 3638, 385, 27450, 2643, 304, 848, 13113, 565, 13, 3986, 849, 1738, 1867, 1323, 14150, 313, 12803, 471, 14416, 470, 7090, 5764, 416, 13, 3986, 849, 884, 3867, 11509, 304, 9479, 12611, 13, 4706, 500, 1683, 426, 13, 3986, 849, 565, 263, 1870, 19875, 471, 4520, 313, 1217, 848, 511, 769, 13, 3986, 849, 591, 29915, 276, 2309, 411, 393, 4509, 13, 3986, 338, 8897, 353, 1565, 29936, 13, 4706, 500, 13, 4706, 565, 313, 275, 8897, 29897, 426, 13, 3986, 2428, 29889, 5014, 29898, 7645, 29892, 2089, 416, 849, 25388, 515, 5144, 322, 4556, 502, 304, 13, 462, 462, 268, 849, 11455, 5434, 7191, 4520, 515, 393, 4509, 13, 4706, 500, 13, 418, 500, 7146, 426, 13, 4706, 445, 29889, 1516, 3174, 3629, 292, 7032, 287, 29889, 311, 17053, 2855, 2577, 890, 13, 4706, 1423, 3644, 25632, 890, 849, 1423, 304, 1074, 565, 9263, 358, 292, 10887, 3174, 3629, 292, 7032, 287, 6858, 1804, 27855, 304, 13, 462, 539, 849, 8469, 13, 418, 500, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 7762, 13, 268, 334, 2866, 1461, 310, 26633, 2324, 10088, 368, 18689, 29906, 29896, 29937, 303, 453, 15716, 292, 28296, 338, 304, 2360, 736, 1565, 1156, 7863, 13, 268, 334, 2089, 29889, 13, 268, 3776, 13, 1678, 2024, 1700, 24285, 7223, 7743, 15716, 292, 353, 2089, 29936, 13, 13, 1678, 7762, 13, 268, 334, 6811, 2429, 1145, 304, 4480, 363, 7191, 1641, 5279, 19356, 29901, 910, 6434, 508, 2041, 1048, 565, 263, 13, 268, 334, 4509, 1401, 5708, 1550, 591, 526, 1603, 9068, 848, 515, 393, 4509, 13, 268, 3776, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 6364, 7223, 1603, 15716, 292, 580, 426, 13, 418, 565, 313, 4951, 3276, 15716, 292, 29897, 426, 849, 1700, 24285, 6699, 13, 4706, 736, 2089, 29936, 13, 418, 500, 13, 418, 565, 313, 1366, 29889, 1516, 3174, 3629, 292, 7032, 287, 29889, 657, 580, 1405, 29871, 29900, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 849, 304, 2329, 6494, 29871, 29941, 29955, 29941, 29929, 29896, 2337, 4480, 363, 10887, 3174, 3629, 292, 10593, 542, 404, 397, 304, 748, 304, 29871, 29900, 29892, 13, 4706, 849, 1584, 565, 27450, 338, 1565, 13, 4706, 736, 1565, 29936, 13, 418, 500, 13, 418, 849, 1700, 24285, 6699, 267, 13, 418, 7743, 15716, 292, 353, 7743, 15716, 292, 3830, 445, 29889, 370, 441, 3830, 1738, 9136, 29889, 303, 453, 15716, 292, 890, 13, 418, 736, 1738, 4951, 3276, 15716, 292, 29936, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 970, 1714, 304, 1231, 580, 426, 13, 418, 736, 9872, 29908, 718, 445, 29889, 657, 2385, 2141, 19629, 580, 718, 376, 376, 718, 445, 29889, 657, 18689, 1204, 580, 718, 376, 10534, 363, 376, 13, 3986, 718, 954, 29924, 13415, 580, 718, 376, 1634, 3687, 29908, 718, 313, 11739, 1275, 1870, 1577, 5124, 584, 4852, 3682, 29901, 376, 718, 3682, 876, 13, 3986, 718, 376, 515, 376, 718, 5144, 8246, 580, 718, 12159, 10534, 363, 376, 718, 445, 29889, 1516, 3174, 3629, 292, 7032, 287, 29889, 657, 580, 13, 3986, 718, 376, 7191, 297, 278, 1889, 310, 1641, 19356, 29908, 718, 376, 16871, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 6364, 7223, 5702, 3728, 29898, 3835, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 286, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 16034, 4660, 29936, 13, 418, 12231, 1891, 313, 1366, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 4660, 353, 313, 5709, 29897, 445, 29889, 4882, 3388, 29889, 657, 29898, 29885, 29889, 657, 29615, 3310, 13, 4706, 565, 313, 4882, 1275, 1870, 29897, 426, 13, 3986, 4660, 353, 716, 16034, 890, 13, 3986, 445, 29889, 4882, 3388, 29889, 649, 29898, 29885, 29889, 657, 29615, 3285, 4660, 416, 13, 4706, 500, 13, 418, 500, 13, 418, 736, 4660, 29889, 11294, 3728, 29898, 29885, 416, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 29871, 500, 13, 13, 29871, 970, 9846, 2294, 770, 10729, 3835, 292, 3728, 4988, 349, 3634, 839, 13398, 3224, 3728, 13, 418, 10703, 7777, 3047, 5612, 368, 426, 13, 13, 1678, 6364, 938, 21433, 1204, 29936, 13, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 970, 938, 679, 18689, 1204, 580, 426, 13, 418, 736, 445, 29889, 26482, 1204, 29936, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 6364, 1780, 1889, 29898, 8394, 2233, 5402, 13398, 3224, 3260, 270, 29885, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 498, 798, 519, 1468, 353, 1870, 29936, 13, 418, 10088, 368, 2451, 337, 29916, 353, 1870, 29936, 13, 418, 4669, 2446, 2061, 353, 1870, 29936, 13, 418, 4669, 5229, 2061, 353, 1870, 29936, 13, 418, 938, 9909, 7701, 3505, 353, 270, 29885, 29889, 657, 3924, 2141, 657, 3991, 2141, 657, 11373, 7701, 3505, 890, 13, 418, 938, 19875, 3505, 353, 9909, 7701, 3505, 448, 10888, 29954, 29918, 29949, 5348, 23252, 29936, 13, 418, 940, 481, 1469, 16764, 714, 3835, 353, 13, 3986, 716, 940, 481, 1469, 16764, 29898, 29812, 3505, 29892, 679, 29615, 2141, 657, 6594, 2061, 3310, 13, 418, 7223, 2665, 15790, 3728, 353, 2089, 29936, 13, 418, 7223, 19870, 10408, 6821, 2662, 353, 2089, 29936, 13, 418, 938, 10191, 8009, 353, 29871, 29900, 29936, 13, 13, 418, 1018, 426, 13, 4706, 437, 426, 13, 3986, 938, 954, 12724, 797, 1451, 2960, 353, 29871, 29900, 29936, 13, 3986, 849, 7223, 937, 2061, 353, 1565, 29936, 13, 13, 3986, 849, 2337, 2436, 472, 3203, 697, 1203, 29892, 14372, 13184, 13, 3986, 849, 565, 591, 505, 385, 1203, 2307, 393, 3282, 29915, 29873, 679, 2715, 29892, 769, 671, 13, 3986, 849, 393, 1203, 2012, 310, 2805, 1790, 697, 13, 3986, 565, 313, 26061, 2061, 1275, 1870, 29897, 426, 13, 9651, 2446, 2061, 353, 679, 9190, 5612, 368, 2061, 890, 13, 3986, 500, 1683, 426, 13, 9651, 2446, 2061, 353, 5229, 2061, 29936, 13, 9651, 5229, 2061, 353, 1870, 29936, 13, 3986, 500, 13, 13, 3986, 565, 313, 4622, 2061, 2804, 25159, 29889, 11794, 29918, 9800, 29918, 1254, 1525, 5194, 29897, 426, 13, 9651, 954, 12724, 797, 1451, 2960, 353, 29871, 29896, 29936, 13, 9651, 350, 2127, 10739, 29889, 643, 6646, 1762, 29898, 4622, 2061, 29892, 714, 3835, 416, 13, 13, 9651, 849, 363, 278, 2446, 3618, 29892, 766, 9536, 4840, 515, 6643, 1218, 901, 8635, 13, 9651, 437, 426, 13, 795, 714, 3835, 29889, 2218, 9536, 9544 ]	1,024	Github	-1.398533	0.075915	-1.288313	-0.867958
ansion(CHUNK_FULL); // sets the mark where rollback occurs on // CHUNK_FULL nextObject = getNextReplyObject(); if (nextObject != Token.END_OF_STREAM) { try { BlobHelper.serializeTo(nextObject, outStream); numObjectsInChunk++; } catch (GemFireRethrowable e) { // can only be thrown when expansion is disallowed // and buffer is automatically reset to point where it was disallowed failedObject = nextObject; break; } } } while (nextObject != Token.END_OF_STREAM); } try { replyWithData(dm, outStream, numObjectsInChunk, msgNum++, nextObject == Token.END_OF_STREAM); if (nextObject == Token.END_OF_STREAM) { sentFinalMessage = true; } } catch (CancelException e) { receiverCacheClosed = true; break; // receiver no longer cares } outStream.reset(); // ready for reuse, assumes replyWithData // does not queue the message but outStream has // already been used } while (nextObject != Token.END_OF_STREAM); // } catch (CancelException e) { // // if cache is closed, we cannot send a reply (correct?) } catch (VirtualMachineError err) { SystemFailure.initiateFailure(err); // If this ever returns, rethrow the error. We're poisoned // now, so don't let this thread continue. throw err; } catch (Throwable t) { // Whenever you catch Error or Throwable, you must also // catch VirtualMachineError (see above). However, there is // _still_ a possibility that you are dealing with a cascading // error condition, so you also need to check to see if the JVM // is still usable: SystemFailure.checkFailure(); thr = t; } if (thr != null) { rex = new ReplyException(thr); replyWithException(dm, rex); } else if (!sentFinalMessage && !receiverCacheClosed) { throw new InternalGemFireError( LocalizedStrings.StreamingOperation_THIS_SHOULDNT_HAPPEN.toLocalizedString()); // replyNoData(dm); } } /** * override in subclass to provide reply data. terminate by returning Token.END_OF_STREAM */ protected abstract Object getNextReplyObject() throws InterruptedException; // private void replyNoData(DistributionManager dm) { // StreamingReplyMessage.send(getSender(), this.processorId, null, dm, null, 0, 0, true); // } protected void replyWithData(ClusterDistributionManager dm, HeapDataOutputStream outStream, int numObjects, int msgNum, boolean lastMsg) { StreamingReplyMessage.send(getSender(), this.processorId, null, dm, outStream, numObjects, msgNum, lastMsg); } protected void replyWithException(ClusterDistributionManager dm, ReplyException rex) { StreamingReplyMessage.send(getSender(), this.processorId, rex, dm, null, 0, 0, true); } @Override public void fromData(DataInput in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException { super.fromData(in); this.processorId = in.readInt(); } @Override public void toData(DataOutput out) throws IOException { super.toData(out); out.writeInt(this.processorId); } @Override public String toString() { StringBuffer buff = new StringBuffer(); buff.append(getClass().getName()); buff.append("'; sender="); buff.append(getSender()); buff.append("; processorId="); buff.	[ 9454, 29898, 3210, 3904, 29968, 29918, 29943, 3299, 416, 849, 6166, 278, 2791, 988, 9679, 1627, 10008, 373, 13, 462, 462, 462, 539, 849, 5868, 3904, 29968, 29918, 29943, 3299, 13, 13, 795, 2446, 2061, 353, 679, 9190, 5612, 368, 2061, 890, 13, 13, 795, 565, 313, 4622, 2061, 2804, 25159, 29889, 11794, 29918, 9800, 29918, 1254, 1525, 5194, 29897, 426, 13, 18884, 1018, 426, 13, 462, 29871, 350, 2127, 10739, 29889, 643, 6646, 1762, 29898, 4622, 2061, 29892, 714, 3835, 416, 13, 462, 29871, 954, 12724, 797, 1451, 2960, 9107, 13, 18884, 500, 4380, 313, 29954, 331, 18654, 29934, 621, 798, 519, 321, 29897, 426, 13, 462, 29871, 849, 508, 871, 367, 12005, 746, 13184, 338, 766, 24622, 13, 462, 29871, 849, 322, 6835, 338, 6336, 10092, 304, 1298, 988, 372, 471, 766, 24622, 13, 462, 29871, 5229, 2061, 353, 2446, 2061, 29936, 13, 462, 29871, 2867, 29936, 13, 18884, 500, 13, 795, 500, 13, 9651, 500, 1550, 313, 4622, 2061, 2804, 25159, 29889, 11794, 29918, 9800, 29918, 1254, 1525, 5194, 416, 13, 3986, 500, 13, 13, 3986, 1018, 426, 13, 9651, 8908, 3047, 1469, 29898, 18933, 29892, 714, 3835, 29892, 954, 12724, 797, 1451, 2960, 29892, 10191, 8009, 10024, 13, 18884, 2446, 2061, 1275, 25159, 29889, 11794, 29918, 9800, 29918, 1254, 1525, 5194, 416, 13, 9651, 565, 313, 4622, 2061, 1275, 25159, 29889, 11794, 29918, 9800, 29918, 1254, 1525, 5194, 29897, 426, 13, 795, 2665, 15790, 3728, 353, 1565, 29936, 13, 9651, 500, 13, 3986, 500, 4380, 313, 19420, 2451, 321, 29897, 426, 13, 9651, 19870, 10408, 6821, 2662, 353, 1565, 29936, 13, 9651, 2867, 29936, 849, 19870, 694, 5520, 1559, 267, 13, 3986, 500, 13, 3986, 714, 3835, 29889, 12071, 890, 849, 7960, 363, 24270, 29892, 15894, 8908, 3047, 1469, 13, 462, 632, 849, 947, 451, 9521, 278, 2643, 541, 714, 3835, 756, 13, 462, 632, 849, 2307, 1063, 1304, 13, 4706, 500, 1550, 313, 4622, 2061, 2804, 25159, 29889, 11794, 29918, 9800, 29918, 1254, 1525, 5194, 416, 13, 4706, 849, 500, 4380, 313, 19420, 2451, 321, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 849, 849, 565, 7090, 338, 5764, 29892, 591, 2609, 3638, 263, 8908, 313, 15728, 7897, 13, 418, 500, 4380, 313, 21287, 29076, 2392, 4589, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 2184, 24155, 29889, 2344, 29347, 24155, 29898, 3127, 416, 13, 4706, 849, 960, 445, 3926, 3639, 29892, 337, 20539, 278, 1059, 29889, 1334, 29915, 276, 27908, 287, 13, 4706, 849, 1286, 29892, 577, 1016, 29915, 29873, 1235, 445, 3244, 6773, 29889, 13, 4706, 3183, 4589, 29936, 13, 418, 500, 4380, 313, 29473, 519, 260, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 849, 1932, 1310, 366, 4380, 4829, 470, 498, 798, 519, 29892, 366, 1818, 884, 13, 4706, 849, 4380, 19181, 29076, 2392, 313, 4149, 2038, 467, 2398, 29892, 727, 338, 13, 4706, 849, 903, 303, 453, 29918, 263, 13331, 393, 366, 526, 16743, 411, 263, 3209, 29883, 9382, 13, 4706, 849, 1059, 4195, 29892, 577, 366, 884, 817, 304, 1423, 304, 1074, 565, 278, 26919, 13, 4706, 849, 338, 1603, 502, 519, 29901, 13, 4706, 2184, 24155, 29889, 3198, 24155, 890, 13, 4706, 1468, 353, 260, 29936, 13, 418, 500, 13, 13, 418, 565, 313, 386, 29878, 2804, 1870, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 337, 29916, 353, 716, 10088, 368, 2451, 29898, 386, 29878, 416, 13, 4706, 8908, 3047, 2451, 29898, 18933, 29892, 337, 29916, 416, 13, 418, 500, 1683, 565, 5384, 18616, 15790, 3728, 2607, 1738, 13556, 2147, 10408, 6821, 2662, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 3183, 716, 512, 1890, 29954, 331, 18654, 2392, 29898, 13, 9651, 9959, 1891, 26545, 29889, 3835, 292, 10925, 29918, 4690, 3235, 29918, 7068, 27269, 10249, 20321, 29918, 29950, 20576, 1430, 29889, 517, 7717, 1891, 1231, 3310, 13, 4706, 849, 8908, 3782, 1469, 29898, 18933, 416, 13, 418, 500, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 7762, 13, 268, 334, 5712, 297, 19481, 304, 3867, 8908, 848, 29889, 29504, 491, 7863, 25159, 29889, 11794, 29918, 9800, 29918, 1254, 1525, 5194, 13, 268, 3776, 13, 1678, 6364, 9846, 4669, 679, 9190, 5612, 368, 2061, 580, 8026, 4124, 14214, 2451, 29936, 13, 13, 1678, 849, 2024, 1780, 8908, 3782, 1469, 29898, 13398, 3224, 3260, 270, 29885, 29897, 426, 13, 1678, 849, 13763, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 29889, 6717, 29898, 657, 29615, 3285, 445, 29889, 26482, 1204, 29892, 1870, 29892, 270, 29885, 29892, 1870, 29892, 29871, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29900, 29892, 1565, 416, 13, 1678, 849, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 6364, 1780, 8908, 3047, 1469, 29898, 6821, 5402, 13398, 3224, 3260, 270, 29885, 29892, 940, 481, 1469, 16764, 714, 3835, 29892, 13, 4706, 938, 954, 12724, 29892, 938, 10191, 8009, 29892, 7223, 1833, 16190, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 13763, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 29889, 6717, 29898, 657, 29615, 3285, 445, 29889, 26482, 1204, 29892, 1870, 29892, 270, 29885, 29892, 714, 3835, 29892, 954, 12724, 29892, 13, 3986, 10191, 8009, 29892, 1833, 16190, 416, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 6364, 1780, 8908, 3047, 2451, 29898, 6821, 5402, 13398, 3224, 3260, 270, 29885, 29892, 10088, 368, 2451, 337, 29916, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 13763, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 29889, 6717, 29898, 657, 29615, 3285, 445, 29889, 26482, 1204, 29892, 337, 29916, 29892, 270, 29885, 29892, 1870, 29892, 29871, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29900, 29892, 1565, 416, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 970, 1780, 515, 1469, 29898, 1469, 4290, 297, 29897, 8026, 24490, 29892, 4134, 17413, 2451, 426, 13, 418, 2428, 29889, 3166, 1469, 29898, 262, 416, 13, 418, 445, 29889, 26482, 1204, 353, 297, 29889, 949, 2928, 890, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 970, 1780, 304, 1469, 29898, 1469, 6466, 714, 29897, 8026, 24490, 426, 13, 418, 2428, 29889, 517, 1469, 29898, 449, 416, 13, 418, 714, 29889, 3539, 2928, 29898, 1366, 29889, 26482, 1204, 416, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 970, 1714, 304, 1231, 580, 426, 13, 418, 1714, 7701, 20487, 353, 716, 1714, 7701, 890, 13, 418, 20487, 29889, 4397, 29898, 657, 2385, 2141, 19629, 3310, 13, 418, 20487, 29889, 4397, 703, 2670, 10004, 543, 416, 13, 418, 20487, 29889, 4397, 29898, 657, 29615, 3310, 13, 418, 20487, 29889, 4397, 703, 29936, 21433, 1204, 543, 416, 13, 418, 20487, 29889 ]	1,024	Github	-1.518084	0.314707	-1.333144	-1.041246
append(this.processorId); buff.append(")"); return buff.toString(); } } public static class StreamingReplyMessage extends ReplyMessage { /** the number of this message / protected int msgNum; /* whether this message is the last one in this series / protected boolean lastMsg; private transient HeapDataOutputStream chunkStream; // used only on sending side, null means // abort private transient int numObjects; // used only on sending side private transient List objectList = null; // used only on receiving side private boolean pdxReadSerialized = false; // used to read PDX types in serialized form. private transient boolean isCanceled = false; // used only on receiving side and if // messageProcessor is of type // PartitionedRegionQueryEvaluator.StreamingQueryPartitionResponse /* * @param chunkStream the data to send back, if null then all the following parameters are * ignored and any future replies from this member will be ignored, and the streaming of * chunks is considered aborted by the receiver. * * @param msgNum message number in this series (0-based) * @param lastMsg if this is the last message in this series / public static void send(InternalDistributedMember recipient, int processorId, ReplyException exception, DistributionManager dm, HeapDataOutputStream chunkStream, int numObjects, int msgNum, boolean lastMsg) { send(recipient, processorId, exception, dm, chunkStream, numObjects, msgNum, lastMsg, false); } public static void send(InternalDistributedMember recipient, int processorId, ReplyException exception, DistributionManager dm, HeapDataOutputStream chunkStream, int numObjects, int msgNum, boolean lastMsg, boolean pdxReadSerialized) { StreamingReplyMessage m = new StreamingReplyMessage(); m.processorId = processorId; if (exception != null) { m.setException(exception); logger.debug("Replying with exception: {}", m, exception); } m.chunkStream = chunkStream; m.numObjects = numObjects; m.setRecipient(recipient); m.msgNum = msgNum; m.lastMsg = lastMsg; m.pdxReadSerialized = pdxReadSerialized; dm.putOutgoing(m); } public int getMessageNumber() { return this.msgNum; } public boolean isLastMessage() { return this.lastMsg; } public boolean isCanceled() { return isCanceled; } /* Return the objects in this chunk as a List, used only on receiving side */ public List getObjects() { return this.objectList; } @Override public int getDSFID() { return STREAMING_REPLY_MESSAGE; } @Override public void fromData(DataInput in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException { int n; super.fromData(in); n = in.readInt(); this.msgNum = in.readInt(); this.lastMsg = in.readBoolean(); this.pdxReadSerialized = in.readBoolean(); Version senderVersion = InternalDataSerializer.getVersionForDataStream(in); boolean isSenderAbove_8_1 = senderVersion.compareTo(Version.GFE_81) > 0; if (n == -1) { this.objectList = null; } else { this.numObjects = n; // for benefit of toString() this.objectList = new ArrayList(n); // Check if the PDX types needs to be kept in serialized form. // This will make readObject() to return PdxInstance form. if (this.pdxReadSerialized) { DefaultQuery.setPdxReadSerialized(true); } try { ReplyProcessor21 messageProcessor = ReplyProcessor2	[ 4397, 29898, 1366, 29889, 26482, 1204, 416, 13, 418, 20487, 29889, 4397, 703, 29897, 1496, 13, 418, 736, 20487, 29889, 7711, 890, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 29871, 500, 13, 13, 29871, 970, 2294, 770, 13763, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 4988, 10088, 368, 3728, 426, 13, 13, 1678, 7762, 278, 1353, 310, 445, 2643, 3776, 13, 1678, 6364, 938, 10191, 8009, 29936, 13, 13, 1678, 7762, 3692, 445, 2643, 338, 278, 1833, 697, 297, 445, 3652, 3776, 13, 1678, 6364, 7223, 1833, 16190, 29936, 13, 13, 1678, 2024, 1301, 993, 940, 481, 1469, 16764, 19875, 3835, 29936, 849, 1304, 871, 373, 9348, 2625, 29892, 1870, 2794, 13, 462, 462, 462, 4706, 849, 27450, 13, 1678, 2024, 1301, 993, 938, 954, 12724, 29936, 849, 1304, 871, 373, 9348, 2625, 13, 1678, 2024, 1301, 993, 2391, 1203, 1293, 353, 1870, 29936, 849, 1304, 871, 373, 13442, 2625, 13, 13, 1678, 2024, 7223, 282, 8235, 6359, 9125, 1891, 353, 2089, 29936, 849, 1304, 304, 1303, 349, 29928, 29990, 4072, 297, 7797, 1891, 883, 29889, 13, 1678, 2024, 1301, 993, 7223, 338, 29907, 749, 839, 353, 2089, 29936, 849, 1304, 871, 373, 13442, 2625, 322, 565, 13, 462, 462, 462, 29871, 849, 2643, 18689, 338, 310, 1134, 13, 462, 462, 462, 29871, 849, 3455, 654, 287, 18457, 3010, 29923, 4387, 1061, 29889, 3835, 292, 3010, 7439, 654, 5103, 13, 13, 13, 1678, 7762, 13, 268, 334, 732, 3207, 19875, 3835, 278, 848, 304, 3638, 1250, 29892, 565, 1870, 769, 599, 278, 1494, 4128, 526, 13, 268, 334, 4706, 17262, 322, 738, 5434, 1634, 3687, 515, 445, 4509, 674, 367, 17262, 29892, 322, 278, 24820, 310, 13, 268, 334, 4706, 521, 18801, 338, 5545, 633, 18054, 491, 278, 19870, 29889, 13, 268, 334, 13, 268, 334, 732, 3207, 10191, 8009, 2643, 1353, 297, 445, 3652, 313, 29900, 29899, 6707, 29897, 13, 268, 334, 732, 3207, 1833, 16190, 565, 445, 338, 278, 1833, 2643, 297, 445, 3652, 13, 268, 3776, 13, 1678, 970, 2294, 1780, 3638, 29898, 16491, 13398, 7541, 13404, 23957, 993, 29892, 938, 21433, 1204, 29892, 13, 4706, 10088, 368, 2451, 3682, 29892, 17740, 3260, 270, 29885, 29892, 940, 481, 1469, 16764, 19875, 3835, 29892, 13, 4706, 938, 954, 12724, 29892, 938, 10191, 8009, 29892, 7223, 1833, 16190, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 3638, 29898, 4361, 29886, 993, 29892, 21433, 1204, 29892, 3682, 29892, 270, 29885, 29892, 19875, 3835, 29892, 954, 12724, 29892, 10191, 8009, 29892, 1833, 16190, 29892, 2089, 416, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 970, 2294, 1780, 3638, 29898, 16491, 13398, 7541, 13404, 23957, 993, 29892, 938, 21433, 1204, 29892, 13, 4706, 10088, 368, 2451, 3682, 29892, 17740, 3260, 270, 29885, 29892, 940, 481, 1469, 16764, 19875, 3835, 29892, 13, 4706, 938, 954, 12724, 29892, 938, 10191, 8009, 29892, 7223, 1833, 16190, 29892, 7223, 282, 8235, 6359, 9125, 1891, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 13763, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 286, 353, 716, 13763, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 890, 13, 418, 286, 29889, 26482, 1204, 353, 21433, 1204, 29936, 13, 13, 418, 565, 313, 11739, 2804, 1870, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 286, 29889, 842, 2451, 29898, 11739, 416, 13, 4706, 17927, 29889, 8382, 703, 5612, 5890, 411, 3682, 29901, 6571, 613, 286, 29892, 3682, 416, 13, 418, 500, 13, 13, 418, 286, 29889, 29812, 3835, 353, 19875, 3835, 29936, 13, 418, 286, 29889, 1949, 12724, 353, 954, 12724, 29936, 13, 418, 286, 29889, 842, 1123, 7334, 993, 29898, 4361, 29886, 993, 416, 13, 418, 286, 29889, 7645, 8009, 353, 10191, 8009, 29936, 13, 418, 286, 29889, 4230, 16190, 353, 1833, 16190, 29936, 13, 418, 286, 29889, 29886, 8235, 6359, 9125, 1891, 353, 282, 8235, 6359, 9125, 1891, 29936, 13, 418, 270, 29885, 29889, 649, 3744, 17696, 29898, 29885, 416, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 970, 938, 679, 3728, 4557, 580, 426, 13, 418, 736, 445, 29889, 7645, 8009, 29936, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 970, 7223, 338, 8897, 3728, 580, 426, 13, 418, 736, 445, 29889, 4230, 16190, 29936, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 970, 7223, 338, 29907, 749, 839, 580, 426, 13, 418, 736, 338, 29907, 749, 839, 29936, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 7762, 7106, 278, 3618, 297, 445, 19875, 408, 263, 2391, 29892, 1304, 871, 373, 13442, 2625, 3776, 13, 1678, 970, 2391, 679, 12724, 580, 426, 13, 418, 736, 445, 29889, 3318, 1293, 29936, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 970, 938, 679, 8452, 29943, 1367, 580, 426, 13, 418, 736, 6850, 1525, 5194, 4214, 29918, 1525, 7390, 29979, 29918, 2303, 1799, 10461, 29936, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 970, 1780, 515, 1469, 29898, 1469, 4290, 297, 29897, 8026, 24490, 29892, 4134, 17413, 2451, 426, 13, 418, 938, 302, 29936, 13, 418, 2428, 29889, 3166, 1469, 29898, 262, 416, 13, 418, 302, 353, 297, 29889, 949, 2928, 890, 13, 418, 445, 29889, 7645, 8009, 353, 297, 29889, 949, 2928, 890, 13, 418, 445, 29889, 4230, 16190, 353, 297, 29889, 949, 18146, 890, 13, 418, 445, 29889, 29886, 8235, 6359, 9125, 1891, 353, 297, 29889, 949, 18146, 890, 13, 418, 10079, 10004, 6594, 353, 512, 1890, 1469, 17679, 29889, 657, 6594, 2831, 1469, 3835, 29898, 262, 416, 13, 418, 7223, 338, 29615, 29909, 29205, 29918, 29947, 29918, 29896, 353, 10004, 6594, 29889, 18307, 1762, 29898, 6594, 29889, 29954, 16359, 29918, 29947, 29896, 29897, 1405, 29871, 29900, 29936, 13, 418, 565, 313, 29876, 1275, 448, 29896, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 445, 29889, 3318, 1293, 353, 1870, 29936, 13, 418, 500, 1683, 426, 13, 4706, 445, 29889, 1949, 12724, 353, 302, 29936, 849, 363, 14169, 310, 304, 1231, 580, 13, 4706, 445, 29889, 3318, 1293, 353, 716, 9791, 29898, 29876, 416, 13, 4706, 849, 5399, 565, 278, 349, 29928, 29990, 4072, 4225, 304, 367, 8126, 297, 7797, 1891, 883, 29889, 13, 4706, 849, 910, 674, 1207, 1303, 2061, 580, 304, 736, 349, 8235, 4998, 883, 29889, 13, 4706, 565, 313, 1366, 29889, 29886, 8235, 6359, 9125, 1891, 29897, 426, 13, 3986, 13109, 3010, 29889, 842, 29925, 8235, 6359, 9125, 1891, 29898, 3009, 416, 13, 4706, 500, 13, 4706, 1018, 426, 13, 3986, 10088, 368, 18689, 29906, 29896, 2643, 18689, 353, 10088, 368, 18689, 29906 ]	1,024	Github	-1.363211	-0.025312	-1.290106	-0.980532
PUP isn't playing around Sean Wilkinson September 9, 2022 - 10:00am December 21, 2022 - 8:43am On Wednesday night, the Canopy Club was treated to a hell of a show from Toronto-based punk outfit PUP. Joining them was fellow Canadian band The OBGMs, as well as Brooklyn-based group Palehound (currently signed to Polyvinyl). I came into this show with only the slightest familiarity of these three bands. I knew a few songs from PUP and Palehound, but knew basically nothing about The OBGMs. Unfortunately, I arrived at the show after The OBGMs had started and only caught the last two songs. That being said, it seemed like I missed a great set. The group, much like PUP, plays loud, fast, in-your-face punk. In the last song, the band had the crowd chanting along with them "OBGMs," as the group jumped around the stage and got the audience riled up. If they had that much energy for their last song, I can only imagine what the beginning of the set was like. For only hearing one song from the group, I was intrigued and followed them on Spotify. I was also surprised to find out that their 2020 album The Ends was a shortlisted finalist for the 2021 Polaris Music Prize. So that's pretty dang cool. Next up on the bill was Polyvinyl's own Palehound. I was probably the most familiar with this group out of all of the bands — I'd heard some of their music, and was familiar with lead singer Ellen Kempner's other band Bachelor (a collaboration with Jay Som). Palehound is an indie rock trio out of Brooklyn, and after playing a few songs, Kempner took a moment to mention everyone on tour being so kind. She mentioned that on the first show of tour (Urbana was the second show of tour) she was feeling down on herself during the set, but in the crowd a lone Jugalette was shouting at her telling her how amazing she was doing. It was a very sweet, comedic moment and a nice interlude between songs. She also took a moment to shoutout Polyvinyl and how the label has been nothing but amazing to the band, making them feel like family. Playing in front of an ever-changing LED backdrop of nature scenes, the group powered through roughly 40 minutes of music, which flowed between softer songs and more upbeat punk songs. It felt very well curated, the softer songs giving us a bit of breathing room after a harder song. The group sounded amazing, and I'll be keeping up with them for sure. Pretty quickly after Palehound finished, PUP took the stage. The group was greeted by thunderous applause and screaming before going into the song "Four Chords" off of their newest album The Unraveling of PUPtheBand. The track starts with a soft piano before bursting into a wall of sound — a great preview of what was to come. The band played on, ripping through songs with incredible power. Jumping around the stage, playing guitar behind their heads, and getting the crowd to chant along while the mosh pit formed during the first song. After the second song, someone in the crowd mentioned it was their birthday, so vocalist Stefan Babcock took a photo with the audience member while the rest of the band played a version of "Happy Birthday." They played a few more songs until a guitarist's worst nightmare happened to lead guitarist Steve Sladkowski — his pedalboard power supply went out. Maybe not worst nightmare, but it still sucks, and unfortunately Sladkowski had to troubleshoot with the help of crew members. Babcock and the rest of the band carried on as a three piece while the pedalboard was being fixed, playing old songs that the group hadn't played in years. Eventually the pedals were back up and running, and the group carried on as if nothing happened. PUP makes the kind of music that you blast in your bedroom, screaming and letting out anger and frustration, but damn, does it feel good. The music is angsty and relatable and even the songs I didn't know, I wanted to be screaming along with the crowd to them. They did play my favorite song of theirs, "Sleep in the Heat," a	[ 349, 4897, 3508, 29915, 29873, 8743, 2820, 13, 2008, 273, 4624, 9089, 1100, 3839, 29871, 29929, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29906, 448, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29901, 29900, 29900, 314, 5846, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29906, 448, 29871, 29947, 29901, 29946, 29941, 314, 13, 2951, 15050, 4515, 3250, 4646, 29892, 278, 1815, 2270, 5977, 471, 14914, 304, 263, 23927, 310, 263, 1510, 515, 17612, 29899, 6707, 21356, 714, 9202, 349, 4897, 29889, 3650, 2827, 963, 471, 10404, 11443, 3719, 450, 438, 29933, 21576, 29879, 29892, 408, 1532, 408, 18737, 13493, 29899, 6707, 2318, 26412, 29882, 618, 313, 3784, 368, 8794, 304, 21755, 3845, 2904, 467, 306, 2996, 964, 445, 1510, 411, 871, 278, 7248, 342, 9985, 537, 310, 1438, 2211, 22706, 29889, 306, 6363, 263, 2846, 12516, 515, 349, 4897, 322, 26412, 29882, 618, 29892, 541, 6363, 8830, 3078, 1048, 450, 438, 29933, 21576, 29879, 29889, 11511, 29892, 306, 11977, 472, 278, 1510, 1156, 450, 438, 29933, 21576, 29879, 750, 4687, 322, 871, 12624, 278, 1833, 1023, 12516, 29889, 13, 7058, 1641, 1497, 29892, 372, 6140, 763, 306, 13726, 263, 2107, 731, 29889, 450, 2318, 29892, 1568, 763, 349, 4897, 29892, 13582, 22526, 29892, 5172, 29892, 297, 29899, 8066, 29899, 2161, 21356, 29889, 512, 278, 1833, 4823, 29892, 278, 3719, 750, 278, 19174, 26639, 292, 3412, 411, 963, 376, 14824, 21576, 29879, 1699, 408, 278, 2318, 12500, 287, 2820, 278, 7408, 322, 2355, 278, 20026, 364, 2356, 701, 29889, 960, 896, 750, 393, 1568, 5864, 363, 1009, 1833, 4823, 29892, 306, 508, 871, 14034, 825, 278, 6763, 310, 278, 731, 471, 763, 29889, 13, 2831, 871, 22514, 697, 4823, 515, 278, 2318, 29892, 306, 471, 11158, 5526, 287, 322, 5643, 963, 373, 1706, 327, 1598, 29889, 306, 471, 884, 18014, 304, 1284, 714, 393, 1009, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29900, 3769, 450, 2796, 29879, 471, 263, 3273, 1761, 287, 2186, 391, 363, 278, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 2043, 12260, 6125, 20604, 29889, 1105, 393, 29915, 29879, 5051, 270, 574, 12528, 29889, 13, 9190, 701, 373, 278, 11118, 471, 21755, 3845, 2904, 29915, 29879, 1914, 26412, 29882, 618, 29889, 306, 471, 3117, 278, 1556, 9985, 411, 445, 2318, 714, 310, 599, 310, 278, 22706, 813, 306, 29915, 29881, 6091, 777, 310, 1009, 4696, 29892, 322, 471, 9985, 411, 3275, 15640, 29043, 476, 3451, 1089, 29915, 29879, 916, 3719, 13620, 12779, 313, 29874, 24771, 411, 19556, 6254, 467, 13, 29925, 744, 29882, 618, 338, 385, 1399, 347, 7679, 3367, 29877, 714, 310, 18737, 13493, 29892, 322, 1156, 8743, 263, 2846, 12516, 29892, 476, 3451, 1089, 3614, 263, 3256, 304, 3585, 14332, 373, 6282, 1641, 577, 2924, 29889, 2296, 5276, 393, 373, 278, 937, 1510, 310, 6282, 313, 29965, 6050, 1648, 471, 278, 1473, 1510, 310, 6282, 29897, 1183, 471, 11223, 1623, 373, 8735, 2645, 278, 731, 29892, 541, 297, 278, 19174, 263, 301, 650, 12028, 26456, 471, 21272, 292, 472, 902, 14509, 902, 920, 21863, 292, 1183, 471, 2599, 29889, 739, 471, 263, 1407, 14225, 29892, 419, 7486, 3256, 322, 263, 7575, 1006, 29880, 1151, 1546, 12516, 29889, 2296, 884, 3614, 263, 3256, 304, 21272, 449, 21755, 3845, 2904, 322, 920, 278, 3858, 756, 1063, 3078, 541, 21863, 292, 304, 278, 3719, 29892, 3907, 963, 4459, 763, 3942, 29889, 13, 13454, 292, 297, 4565, 310, 385, 3926, 29899, 305, 9776, 25023, 1250, 8865, 310, 5469, 20407, 29892, 278, 2318, 3081, 287, 1549, 20928, 29871, 29946, 29900, 6233, 310, 4696, 29892, 607, 4972, 287, 1546, 577, 906, 12516, 322, 901, 701, 915, 271, 21356, 12516, 29889, 739, 7091, 1407, 1532, 3151, 630, 29892, 278, 577, 906, 12516, 6820, 502, 263, 2586, 310, 16172, 292, 5716, 1156, 263, 22622, 4823, 29889, 450, 2318, 6047, 287, 21863, 292, 29892, 322, 306, 29915, 645, 367, 12515, 701, 411, 963, 363, 1854, 29889, 13, 6572, 4349, 9098, 1156, 26412, 29882, 618, 7743, 29892, 349, 4897, 3614, 278, 7408, 29889, 450, 2318, 471, 1395, 300, 287, 491, 266, 5062, 681, 623, 433, 1509, 322, 885, 1633, 292, 1434, 2675, 964, 278, 4823, 376, 29943, 473, 678, 4339, 29908, 1283, 310, 1009, 716, 342, 3769, 450, 853, 336, 955, 292, 310, 349, 4897, 1552, 29933, 392, 29889, 450, 5702, 8665, 411, 263, 4964, 11914, 1434, 20887, 292, 964, 263, 10090, 310, 6047, 813, 263, 2107, 25267, 310, 825, 471, 304, 2041, 29889, 13, 1576, 3719, 5318, 373, 29892, 10107, 3262, 1549, 12516, 411, 29811, 1821, 3081, 29889, 435, 3427, 292, 2820, 278, 7408, 29892, 8743, 11210, 5742, 1009, 15883, 29892, 322, 2805, 278, 19174, 304, 26639, 3412, 1550, 278, 286, 10578, 22754, 8429, 2645, 278, 937, 4823, 29889, 2860, 278, 1473, 4823, 29892, 4856, 297, 278, 19174, 5276, 372, 471, 1009, 12060, 3250, 29892, 577, 20982, 391, 21512, 14525, 24956, 3614, 263, 15373, 411, 278, 20026, 4509, 1550, 278, 1791, 310, 278, 3719, 5318, 263, 1873, 310, 376, 29950, 14862, 350, 7515, 3250, 1213, 13, 15597, 5318, 263, 2846, 901, 12516, 2745, 263, 11210, 391, 29915, 29879, 17322, 4646, 29885, 598, 9559, 304, 3275, 11210, 391, 13981, 317, 4528, 7000, 2574, 813, 670, 8939, 284, 3377, 3081, 11421, 3512, 714, 29889, 7198, 451, 17322, 4646, 29885, 598, 29892, 541, 372, 1603, 480, 4684, 29892, 322, 15428, 317, 4528, 7000, 2574, 750, 304, 18835, 1251, 327, 411, 278, 1371, 310, 17616, 5144, 29889, 14525, 24956, 322, 278, 1791, 310, 278, 3719, 8988, 373, 408, 263, 2211, 8424, 1550, 278, 8939, 284, 3377, 471, 1641, 4343, 29892, 8743, 2030, 12516, 393, 278, 2318, 27222, 29915, 29873, 5318, 297, 2440, 29889, 13, 2624, 1474, 278, 8939, 1338, 892, 1250, 701, 322, 2734, 29892, 322, 278, 2318, 8988, 373, 408, 565, 3078, 9559, 29889, 349, 4897, 3732, 278, 2924, 310, 4696, 393, 366, 1999, 579, 297, 596, 6592, 8345, 29892, 885, 1633, 292, 322, 27697, 714, 27343, 322, 1424, 11036, 29892, 541, 5625, 29876, 29892, 947, 372, 4459, 1781, 29889, 450, 4696, 338, 2614, 22062, 322, 1104, 17219, 322, 1584, 278, 12516, 306, 3282, 29915, 29873, 1073, 29892, 306, 5131, 304, 367, 885, 1633, 292, 3412, 411, 278, 19174, 304, 963, 29889, 13, 15597, 1258, 1708, 590, 25448, 4823, 310, 1009, 29879, 29892, 376, 29903, 5436, 297, 278, 940, 271, 1699, 263 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.014217	-1.265995	-0.045609	-0.6922
October 6, 2014 Volleyball For as long as volleyball has been a performance sport, it has been defined on and off the court by the central battle between offence and defence. The belief has long been held, and held to be inviolable, that the advantage of offence over the defence is to the detriment of the game. Nearly every rule change over that time has been an attempt to redress that imbalance. In the mid 1990's the idea was hatched to improve the defence by including a specialist defensive player: the libero. Secondary issues to be addressed were the increasing size of the players, and the 'fall' of Asian volleyball. The libero was going to solve all of those problems. So did it? In the short-term, there were no liberos, only outside hitters who couldn't spike as well as other outside hitters. And there were coaches, whose job it was to create the best solutions for their teams. The coaches put those backup outside hitters to play backrow for the middle blockers. The short-term effect? Reception became better, the offence became stronger. Defence didn't improve by very much. On balance offence became even stronger. By the Law of Unintended Consequences the libero rule was a failure. In the medium term, there were liberos. After about ten years, the first generation of players who had only ever played libero reached the international level. These players were good at reception, but were also much better at defence than the previous generation. The medium term effect? Reception, and therefore offence, stayed much the same. Defence did (seem to) improve. On balance not much changed. By the Law of Unintended Consequences the libero rule was a failure. But middle blockers seemed to be getting bigger. Mmm… In the long-term, there are two liberos. After many years of restrictions, coaches now have the option of using two liberos, one for offence, one for defence. But the really interesting thing is how middle blockers have changed. It seems obvious, but by increasing specialisation you increase outliers. Liberos have become 'smaller' because they never have to spike at any point in their development. Conversely, middles have become 'bigger' because they never have to receive or defend at any point in their development. The long-term effect? Blocking has become much, much better. Bigger, better blockers touch more balls which better defenders can keep alive. Therefore more defence, and more longer rallies. So in the long-term, the libero rule is a success, but by the Law of Unintended Consequences. And Asia now has two teams in the top twelve in the world; Iran and Australia. The Law of Unintended Consequences. Photo Credit: fivb.org A collection of more Coaching Tips can be found here. For more great coaching tips, check out the Vyacheslav Platonov coaching book here. Asian VolleyballFIVBLaw Of Unintended ConsequencesLiberoVolleyballVolleyball ExplainedVolleyball Rules "How Volleyball Was Intended" Doug Beal, The Man Who Reinvented Volleyball Hugh Nguyen says: Couple of thoughts: 1) Great post! fascinating that middle blockers are now bigger making blocking/defence better. Is it also possible that they allowed for the bigger passer-hitter to become more common (in tandem with the receiving on the hands rule)? Instead of the middle blocker being out of the pass/taking less court you can have that receiver out of the pass. 2) So how was the libero going to help Asian volleyball? Their opponents were string in offence and the Asian teams were strong in reception and defence… so a libero would only make their opponents even stronger in defence????? Oddly, I'm sure a lot of Asian teams would not consider Australia and Iran to be "Asian" teams. At least the Asian Women's teams have been consistently competitive 3) Are there now players who have only played exclusively Libero in their? Surely players who play Libero at the highest levels played as passer-hitters at decent levels? Pat Ryan says: I noticed in the first year that due to better passing offenses seems to become even more unstoppable. Hard to believe that this wasn't foreseen. James Fortenberry says: I keep expecting someone to suggest a "libero" version of	[ 5533, 29871, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 3684, 2330, 2135, 13, 2831, 408, 1472, 408, 1700, 2330, 2135, 756, 1063, 263, 4180, 7980, 29892, 372, 756, 1063, 3342, 373, 322, 1283, 278, 8973, 491, 278, 6555, 10555, 1546, 1283, 663, 322, 28399, 29889, 450, 17750, 756, 1472, 1063, 4934, 29892, 322, 4934, 304, 367, 297, 1403, 324, 519, 29892, 393, 278, 10631, 310, 1283, 663, 975, 278, 28399, 338, 304, 278, 1439, 29878, 2073, 310, 278, 3748, 29889, 26206, 368, 1432, 5751, 1735, 975, 393, 931, 756, 1063, 385, 4218, 304, 2654, 1253, 393, 527, 5521, 749, 29889, 13, 797, 278, 7145, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29900, 29915, 29879, 278, 2969, 471, 298, 905, 287, 304, 11157, 278, 28399, 491, 3704, 263, 4266, 391, 822, 6270, 4847, 29901, 278, 7866, 29877, 29889, 6440, 653, 5626, 304, 367, 20976, 892, 278, 10231, 2159, 310, 278, 10769, 29892, 322, 278, 525, 11950, 29915, 310, 20021, 1700, 2330, 2135, 29889, 450, 7866, 29877, 471, 2675, 304, 4505, 599, 310, 1906, 4828, 29889, 1105, 1258, 372, 29973, 13, 797, 278, 3273, 29899, 8489, 29892, 727, 892, 694, 7866, 359, 29892, 871, 5377, 7124, 2153, 1058, 8496, 29915, 29873, 805, 9345, 408, 1532, 408, 916, 5377, 7124, 2153, 29889, 1126, 727, 892, 11182, 267, 29892, 5069, 4982, 372, 471, 304, 1653, 278, 1900, 6851, 363, 1009, 10907, 29889, 450, 11182, 267, 1925, 1906, 16199, 5377, 7124, 2153, 304, 1708, 1250, 798, 363, 278, 7256, 2908, 414, 29889, 450, 3273, 29899, 8489, 2779, 29973, 830, 1441, 3897, 2253, 29892, 278, 1283, 663, 3897, 23505, 29889, 5282, 663, 3282, 29915, 29873, 11157, 491, 1407, 1568, 29889, 1551, 17346, 1283, 663, 3897, 1584, 23505, 29889, 2648, 278, 7927, 310, 853, 524, 2760, 1281, 6831, 2063, 278, 7866, 29877, 5751, 471, 263, 10672, 29889, 13, 797, 278, 18350, 1840, 29892, 727, 892, 7866, 359, 29889, 2860, 1048, 3006, 2440, 29892, 278, 937, 12623, 310, 10769, 1058, 750, 871, 3926, 5318, 7866, 29877, 7450, 278, 6121, 3233, 29889, 4525, 10769, 892, 1781, 472, 25647, 29892, 541, 892, 884, 1568, 2253, 472, 28399, 1135, 278, 3517, 12623, 29889, 450, 18350, 1840, 2779, 29973, 830, 1441, 29892, 322, 5480, 1283, 663, 29892, 27661, 1568, 278, 1021, 29889, 5282, 663, 1258, 313, 344, 331, 304, 29897, 11157, 29889, 1551, 17346, 451, 1568, 3939, 29889, 2648, 278, 7927, 310, 853, 524, 2760, 1281, 6831, 2063, 278, 7866, 29877, 5751, 471, 263, 10672, 29889, 1205, 7256, 2908, 414, 6140, 304, 367, 2805, 16600, 29889, 341, 4317, 30098, 13, 797, 278, 1472, 29899, 8489, 29892, 727, 526, 1023, 7866, 359, 29889, 2860, 1784, 2440, 310, 25091, 29892, 11182, 267, 1286, 505, 278, 2984, 310, 773, 1023, 7866, 359, 29892, 697, 363, 1283, 663, 29892, 697, 363, 28399, 29889, 1205, 278, 2289, 8031, 2655, 338, 920, 7256, 2908, 414, 505, 3939, 29889, 739, 2444, 6924, 29892, 541, 491, 10231, 4266, 4371, 366, 7910, 714, 27801, 29889, 10895, 359, 505, 4953, 525, 9278, 261, 29915, 1363, 896, 2360, 505, 304, 805, 9345, 472, 738, 1298, 297, 1009, 5849, 29889, 1281, 874, 873, 29892, 286, 2205, 793, 505, 4953, 525, 29890, 3567, 29915, 1363, 896, 2360, 505, 304, 7150, 470, 24663, 472, 738, 1298, 297, 1009, 5849, 29889, 450, 1472, 29899, 8489, 2779, 29973, 15658, 292, 756, 4953, 1568, 29892, 1568, 2253, 29889, 350, 3567, 29892, 2253, 2908, 414, 6023, 901, 26563, 607, 2253, 822, 21043, 508, 3013, 18758, 29889, 7857, 901, 28399, 29892, 322, 901, 5520, 364, 284, 3687, 29889, 1105, 297, 278, 1472, 29899, 8489, 29892, 278, 7866, 29877, 5751, 338, 263, 2551, 29892, 541, 491, 278, 7927, 310, 853, 524, 2760, 1281, 6831, 2063, 29889, 13, 2855, 14325, 1286, 756, 1023, 10907, 297, 278, 2246, 17680, 297, 278, 3186, 29936, 14883, 322, 8314, 29889, 450, 7927, 310, 853, 524, 2760, 1281, 6831, 2063, 29889, 13, 25971, 24596, 277, 29901, 285, 440, 29890, 29889, 990, 13, 29909, 4333, 310, 901, 3189, 9733, 323, 4512, 508, 367, 1476, 1244, 29889, 13, 2831, 901, 2107, 1302, 9733, 25562, 29892, 1423, 714, 278, 478, 29891, 14520, 4112, 1858, 14114, 586, 1302, 9733, 3143, 1244, 29889, 13, 2887, 713, 3684, 2330, 2135, 3738, 29963, 13367, 1450, 4587, 853, 524, 2760, 1281, 6831, 2063, 29931, 12347, 29877, 13072, 2330, 2135, 13072, 2330, 2135, 12027, 433, 1312, 13072, 2330, 2135, 390, 2540, 13, 29908, 5328, 3684, 2330, 2135, 12547, 3159, 2760, 29908, 13, 29928, 692, 1522, 284, 29892, 450, 2315, 11644, 18334, 794, 287, 3684, 2330, 2135, 13, 29950, 6129, 405, 2543, 11771, 4083, 29901, 13, 29907, 283, 552, 310, 13133, 29901, 13, 29896, 29897, 7027, 1400, 29991, 21028, 262, 1218, 393, 7256, 2908, 414, 526, 1286, 16600, 3907, 23473, 29914, 1753, 663, 2253, 29889, 1317, 372, 884, 1950, 393, 896, 6068, 363, 278, 16600, 27962, 29899, 29882, 5171, 304, 4953, 901, 3619, 313, 262, 10345, 2310, 411, 278, 13442, 373, 278, 6567, 5751, 6877, 8669, 310, 278, 7256, 2908, 261, 1641, 714, 310, 278, 1209, 29914, 29873, 5086, 3109, 8973, 366, 508, 505, 393, 19870, 714, 310, 278, 1209, 29889, 13, 29906, 29897, 1105, 920, 471, 278, 7866, 29877, 2675, 304, 1371, 20021, 1700, 2330, 2135, 29973, 11275, 23995, 1237, 892, 1347, 297, 1283, 663, 322, 278, 20021, 10907, 892, 4549, 297, 25647, 322, 28399, 30098, 577, 263, 7866, 29877, 723, 871, 1207, 1009, 23995, 1237, 1584, 23505, 297, 28399, 8773, 28772, 438, 1289, 368, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 1854, 263, 3287, 310, 20021, 10907, 723, 451, 2050, 8314, 322, 14883, 304, 367, 376, 2887, 713, 29908, 10907, 29889, 2180, 3203, 278, 20021, 10152, 29915, 29879, 10907, 505, 1063, 5718, 2705, 5100, 3321, 13, 29941, 29897, 4683, 727, 1286, 10769, 1058, 505, 871, 5318, 13489, 3598, 10895, 29877, 297, 1009, 29973, 18585, 368, 10769, 1058, 1708, 10895, 29877, 472, 278, 9939, 11174, 5318, 408, 27962, 29899, 27342, 2153, 472, 27189, 11174, 29973, 13, 11457, 20916, 4083, 29901, 13, 29902, 10548, 297, 278, 937, 1629, 393, 2861, 304, 2253, 6819, 1283, 11259, 2444, 304, 4953, 1584, 901, 443, 7864, 407, 519, 29889, 10999, 304, 4658, 393, 445, 9007, 29915, 29873, 363, 968, 264, 29889, 13, 29470, 7236, 264, 16344, 4083, 29901, 13, 29902, 3013, 16120, 4856, 304, 4368, 263, 376, 492, 19765, 29908, 1873, 310 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.32799	0.304325	0.626849	0.84089
Tag: Taylor Swift July 22, 2016 Celebrities Kanye West Versus Taylor Swift — The Saga Continues The newest chapter in the Taylor Swift and Kanye West feud stems from the release of video footage on Kim Kardashian's Snapchat account. In Kanye's latest album, The Life of Pablo, he released a song titled "Famous," which made a reference to Swift. Upon release, Swift was publicly outraged at the song's content and denied giving Kanye permission to use the specific lyrics West used in the song. This disagreement prompted Kim Kardashian to defend West by posting recorded videos on her Snapchat between … November 11, 2015 Celebrities / Intellectual Property, Copyright, and Trademark / Litigation Taylor Swift Shakes Off Lawsuit with Settlement Taylor Swift appears to be out of the woods as she has reached a settlement to resolve a trademark infringement lawsuit filed by clothing brand "Lucky 13" last year. The bad blood started in May 2014 when Lucky 13 filed its complaint alleging that Taylor Swift and her affiliated companies, such as Taylor Nation LLC and Taylor Swift Productions, Inc., infringed on the registered trademark "Lucky 13." According to the complaint, Taylor Swift, who claims her lucky number is 13, began using "Lucky 13" to … November 3, 2015 Celebrities / Intellectual Property, Copyright, and Trademark Taylor Swift Sued Once Again; R&B Artist Claims "Shake It Off" Lyrics Were His Taylor Swift is once again being haled in the courtroom as a defendant. This time she is being sued for allegedly ripping off the lyrics to her hit "Shake It Off." Jesse Braham, a U.S. based R&B singer, reportedly has filed a lawsuit claiming Swift stole the words to "Shake It Off" from his 2013 song called "Haters Gone Hate." Braham is seeking two things in his suit; financial compensation in the form of $42 million, and he wants his name added to the song's … August 7, 2015 Celebrities / Trademark Can't Shake it Off: Ongoing World Tour Doesn't Exempt Taylor Swift from Depositions There appears to be bad blood between award-winning music artist Taylor Swift and clothing company Lucky 13, which claims that Taylor Swift and her affiliated companies, such as Taylor Nation LLC and Taylor Swift Productions, Inc., infringed on the registered trademark "Lucky 13." A California federal judge ruled on Tuesday that despite her ongoing world tour, Swift will need to create a blank space in her schedule for a deposition. A representative for Swift claimed that Lucky 13 was just trying to cause trouble, stating:… September 20, 2014 Intellectual Property, Copyright, and Trademark / Music Court Denies Taylor Swift's Motion to Dismiss Lucky 13 Suit A California district court denied Swift's motion to dismiss a trademark infringement suit over 'Lucky 13' brought by Blue Sphere, Inc. last May. Blue Sphere, an Orange county-based company, does a business as 'Lucky 13' and sells a wide range of products including clothing and has sued over Swift's use of the phrase 'Lucky 13'and selling via internet t-shirts bearing the phrase without the company's authorization. Additionally, the suit named American Greetings as one of the defendants for running the online promotion of a "Lucky … August 8, 2014 Intellectual Property, Copyright, and Trademark Taylor Swift Calls 'Lucky 13' Infringement Suit Frivolous, But Is It? Taylor Swift and American Greetings Corporation submitted their answer to a trademark infringement suit commenced by an Orange County-based Blue Sphere Inc. doing business as Lucky 13. In their answer, Swift and American Greetings urged the court to dismiss the allegedly frivolous lawsuit, claiming that the only purpose of the	[ 10522, 29901, 12537, 14156, 13, 29967, 11850, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 315, 6146, 26549, 583, 13, 29968, 1384, 29872, 3122, 10138, 375, 12537, 14156, 813, 450, 317, 7781, 2866, 262, 1041, 13, 1576, 716, 342, 16385, 297, 278, 12537, 14156, 322, 476, 1384, 29872, 3122, 1238, 566, 380, 1567, 515, 278, 6507, 310, 4863, 3661, 482, 373, 12931, 476, 538, 1161, 713, 29915, 29879, 317, 8971, 13496, 3633, 29889, 13, 797, 476, 1384, 29872, 29915, 29879, 9281, 3769, 29892, 450, 4634, 310, 24770, 29892, 540, 5492, 263, 4823, 25278, 376, 29943, 314, 681, 1699, 607, 1754, 263, 3407, 304, 14156, 29889, 19956, 6507, 29892, 14156, 471, 970, 368, 714, 1431, 287, 472, 278, 4823, 29915, 29879, 2793, 322, 17935, 6820, 476, 1384, 29872, 10751, 304, 671, 278, 2702, 26627, 1199, 3122, 1304, 297, 278, 4823, 29889, 910, 22941, 276, 882, 9508, 287, 12931, 476, 538, 1161, 713, 304, 24663, 3122, 491, 16742, 10478, 19707, 373, 902, 317, 8971, 13496, 1546, 16088, 13, 25363, 1096, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 315, 6146, 26549, 583, 847, 18555, 781, 950, 9079, 29892, 14187, 1266, 29892, 322, 3201, 2310, 935, 847, 21395, 335, 362, 13, 29911, 11017, 14156, 1383, 6926, 5947, 7927, 29658, 411, 317, 1803, 944, 13, 29911, 11017, 14156, 5692, 304, 367, 714, 310, 278, 25013, 408, 1183, 756, 7450, 263, 16493, 304, 8814, 263, 1020, 2310, 935, 297, 1341, 292, 882, 4307, 29658, 934, 29881, 491, 1067, 6046, 14982, 376, 29931, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29908, 1833, 1629, 29889, 13, 1576, 4319, 10416, 4687, 297, 2610, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 746, 365, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 934, 29881, 967, 15313, 524, 16831, 292, 393, 12537, 14156, 322, 902, 23736, 630, 14582, 29892, 1316, 408, 12537, 22900, 365, 12182, 322, 12537, 14156, 7138, 1953, 29892, 9266, 1696, 297, 1341, 292, 287, 373, 278, 15443, 1020, 2310, 935, 376, 29931, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 1213, 7579, 304, 278, 15313, 524, 29892, 12537, 14156, 29892, 1058, 16726, 902, 9885, 29891, 1353, 338, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29892, 4689, 773, 376, 29931, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29908, 304, 16088, 13, 25363, 1096, 29871, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 315, 6146, 26549, 583, 847, 18555, 781, 950, 9079, 29892, 14187, 1266, 29892, 322, 3201, 2310, 935, 13, 29911, 11017, 14156, 2166, 287, 9038, 11454, 29936, 390, 29987, 29933, 3012, 391, 6015, 9893, 376, 2713, 1296, 739, 5947, 29908, 365, 4316, 1199, 399, 406, 3600, 13, 29911, 11017, 14156, 338, 2748, 1449, 1641, 447, 839, 297, 278, 8973, 8345, 408, 263, 822, 5818, 29889, 910, 931, 1183, 338, 1641, 480, 287, 363, 16831, 23244, 10107, 3262, 1283, 278, 26627, 1199, 304, 902, 7124, 376, 2713, 1296, 739, 5947, 1213, 435, 5340, 5032, 3391, 29892, 263, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 2729, 390, 29987, 29933, 15640, 29892, 8967, 368, 756, 934, 29881, 263, 4307, 29658, 5995, 292, 14156, 380, 1772, 278, 3838, 304, 376, 2713, 1296, 739, 5947, 29908, 515, 670, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 4823, 2000, 376, 29950, 10412, 402, 650, 379, 403, 1213, 5032, 3391, 338, 25738, 1023, 2712, 297, 670, 14726, 29936, 18161, 22874, 362, 297, 278, 883, 310, 395, 29946, 29906, 7284, 29892, 322, 540, 10753, 670, 1024, 2715, 304, 278, 4823, 29915, 29879, 16088, 13, 26197, 29871, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 315, 6146, 26549, 583, 847, 3201, 2310, 935, 13, 6028, 29915, 29873, 1383, 1296, 372, 5947, 29901, 438, 865, 29877, 292, 2787, 6371, 5538, 29876, 29915, 29873, 1222, 3456, 12537, 14156, 515, 897, 1066, 2187, 13, 8439, 5692, 304, 367, 4319, 10416, 1546, 9862, 29899, 5080, 1076, 4696, 7664, 12537, 14156, 322, 1067, 6046, 5001, 365, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29892, 607, 16726, 393, 12537, 14156, 322, 902, 23736, 630, 14582, 29892, 1316, 408, 12537, 22900, 365, 12182, 322, 12537, 14156, 7138, 1953, 29892, 9266, 1696, 297, 1341, 292, 287, 373, 278, 15443, 1020, 2310, 935, 376, 29931, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 1213, 13, 29909, 8046, 17097, 16833, 29490, 373, 323, 1041, 3250, 393, 15020, 902, 373, 17696, 3186, 6282, 29892, 14156, 674, 817, 304, 1653, 263, 9654, 2913, 297, 902, 20410, 363, 263, 316, 3283, 29889, 319, 21097, 363, 14156, 17049, 393, 365, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 471, 925, 1811, 304, 4556, 7458, 29892, 23659, 29901, 30098, 13, 2008, 3266, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 18555, 781, 950, 9079, 29892, 14187, 1266, 29892, 322, 3201, 2310, 935, 847, 6125, 13, 29907, 14316, 3384, 583, 12537, 14156, 29915, 29879, 7142, 291, 304, 360, 28303, 365, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 2166, 277, 13, 29909, 8046, 6474, 8973, 17935, 14156, 29915, 29879, 10884, 304, 18918, 263, 1020, 2310, 935, 297, 1341, 292, 882, 14726, 975, 525, 29931, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29915, 6296, 491, 10924, 317, 9085, 29892, 9266, 29889, 1833, 2610, 29889, 10924, 317, 9085, 29892, 385, 26048, 15178, 29899, 6707, 5001, 29892, 947, 263, 5381, 408, 525, 29931, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29915, 322, 269, 10071, 263, 9377, 3464, 310, 9316, 3704, 1067, 6046, 322, 756, 480, 287, 975, 14156, 29915, 29879, 671, 310, 278, 16549, 525, 29931, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29915, 392, 269, 7807, 3025, 8986, 260, 29899, 845, 381, 1372, 24638, 278, 16549, 1728, 278, 5001, 29915, 29879, 28733, 29889, 19814, 29892, 278, 14726, 4257, 3082, 4122, 300, 886, 408, 697, 310, 278, 24663, 1934, 363, 2734, 278, 7395, 22360, 310, 263, 376, 29931, 14395, 16088, 13, 26197, 29871, 29947, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 18555, 781, 950, 9079, 29892, 14187, 1266, 29892, 322, 3201, 2310, 935, 13, 29911, 11017, 14156, 315, 4293, 525, 29931, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29915, 512, 1341, 292, 882, 2166, 277, 383, 1150, 324, 681, 29892, 1205, 1317, 739, 29973, 13, 29911, 11017, 14156, 322, 3082, 4122, 300, 886, 15025, 18397, 1009, 1234, 304, 263, 1020, 2310, 935, 297, 1341, 292, 882, 14726, 844, 9223, 491, 385, 26048, 5127, 29899, 6707, 10924, 317, 9085, 9266, 29889, 2599, 5381, 408, 365, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29889, 512, 1009, 1234, 29892, 14156, 322, 3082, 4122, 300, 886, 5065, 3192, 278, 8973, 304, 18918, 278, 16831, 23244, 285, 1150, 324, 681, 4307, 29658, 29892, 5995, 292, 393, 278, 871, 6437, 310, 278 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.863272	-1.093389	-0.599267	-1.504191
There exists a wonderful deal of producing essays organizations all around over the internet however, you ought to create a choice within the proper way to come up with the best one time. Every single sheet of work coming out of our gurus is personalized according to your requirement and totally original. It truly is beneficial and secure in every probable means to use our aid. Custom writing from scratch depending upon the needs you have. The creating procedure is not a simple job as most writing editor would expect. Additionally, the composing assistant can direct you with the proper format for your academic document. With all our support, you'll be able to seek the expert services of a instructional author at reasonable prices and not fret on your assignments completed correctly and after. The esade mba admissions staff can assist you through each and every stage along their career products and companies. Given most students are preventing with a modest funding, it's no real surprise that the majority are victims of scam businesses. From the conventional appraisal file, all the of those pupils are cited with a succinct outline on the way the concerned writer fulfilled the criteria. Discovering an MBA can be a dream for many across the planet earth, which is the reason many folks out of the opposite facet of the world try and receive admissions right into an MBA course. Since you are able to view, students are certain to manage lots of issues should they wish to turn into an associate of the purchase composition center. Download the web Casino pc computer software now and you also couuld play with our totally free casino on line and be on your path into the fun and thrills of Vegas style internet casino gambling! Simply navigate our website to get your ceremony you want and place your purchase. Our website includes a user interface user interface that enables you to place an arrangement in almost no moment whatsoever. Ahead of the meeting, candidates want to publish a prepared composition. Additionally, there are usually too many distinct assignments to do. A 1 hour essay deadline may be an actual issue, even for those who aren't good enough in creating and expressing your ideas to a topic you might ben't really interested in. In the place of requesting someone for affordable essay writing, you should think about trying yourself. Simple as that, therefore be certain until you start searching for some body write my own essay, consider doing yourself, you might discover it is quite uncomplicated and intriguing activity related to really do. If you should be in two minds seeing trying creating essay solutions, then following is a set of perks it's likely to enjoy. If you're a college student who's stressed due to the producing responsibilities, then we're right here in order to provide you with a hand. It's true, it's necessary for you to stick to the instructions in the assignment. A hour essay deadline may be a true issue, even for those who might ben't good enough in writing and expressing your thoughts on an interest you aren't really interested in. An IGNOU MBA project might be theoretical endeavor, or fieldwork, like going to different company and discovering their own advertising and marketing approaches, HR policies, fiscal quotes therefore forth. Assignment assistance on the net could be exceedingly factor and you've got to develop sure you utilize our proficient handicapping support uk that just operates by using completely capable and experienced professionals to provide you with the assistance that you're searching out for. The whole approach for investing in a cheap essay was possible by our client care staff. Be certain you do not fill out your article together with un-necessary info. The essay needs to to be positively characterized. You should stay glued to a ways in producing a composition that's prosperous. Some could have their writers evaporate in order to look having a exact low exceptional paper overly nearby the deadline or adhering to deadline. Moreover, essay authors are ready to tackle duties of this most amount of issue. Every writer we utilize has published a whole lot of particular newspapers associated with a own subject. Ahead of the meeting, applicants need to submit a published essay. In addition, there usually are overly many diverse missions to accomplish. Whenever your deadline is tight, then you also may likely compose us write my article and also consider we'll see what you want from inch paragraph. Like a way to remedy fully the question what's the ideal custom made essay writing service', you wish to learn much more concerning the organization. Our services have been completed by knowledgeable and professional writers. Our writing services would be the optimal/optimally	[ 1670, 4864, 263, 20695, 5376, 310, 20811, 3686, 1036, 25700, 599, 2820, 975, 278, 8986, 3138, 29892, 366, 12722, 304, 1653, 263, 7348, 2629, 278, 1571, 982, 304, 2041, 701, 411, 278, 1900, 697, 931, 29889, 7569, 2323, 9869, 310, 664, 6421, 714, 310, 1749, 330, 17142, 338, 7333, 1891, 5034, 304, 596, 11809, 322, 14909, 2441, 29889, 739, 19781, 338, 7795, 5611, 322, 11592, 297, 1432, 16269, 2794, 304, 671, 1749, 16226, 29889, 13, 7281, 5007, 515, 22728, 8679, 2501, 278, 4225, 366, 505, 29889, 450, 4969, 8792, 338, 451, 263, 2560, 4982, 408, 1556, 5007, 6920, 723, 2149, 29889, 19814, 29892, 278, 5541, 292, 20255, 508, 1513, 366, 411, 278, 1571, 3402, 363, 596, 21567, 1842, 29889, 13, 3047, 599, 1749, 2304, 29892, 366, 29915, 645, 367, 2221, 304, 16508, 278, 17924, 5786, 310, 263, 15278, 284, 4148, 472, 15590, 26094, 322, 451, 285, 2267, 373, 596, 3566, 1860, 8676, 5149, 322, 1156, 29889, 450, 831, 1943, 286, 2291, 7336, 6847, 13925, 508, 6985, 366, 1549, 1269, 322, 1432, 7408, 3412, 1009, 6413, 9316, 322, 14582, 29889, 11221, 1556, 8041, 526, 5557, 292, 411, 263, 878, 342, 5220, 292, 29892, 372, 29915, 29879, 694, 1855, 16671, 393, 278, 13638, 526, 6879, 9893, 310, 885, 314, 5381, 267, 29889, 13, 4591, 278, 28557, 623, 23469, 284, 934, 29892, 599, 278, 310, 1906, 23449, 2719, 526, 274, 1573, 411, 263, 8348, 5562, 27887, 373, 278, 982, 278, 15041, 9227, 6095, 26940, 278, 16614, 29889, 8565, 957, 292, 385, 341, 5688, 508, 367, 263, 12561, 363, 1784, 4822, 278, 15754, 8437, 29892, 607, 338, 278, 2769, 1784, 900, 2039, 714, 310, 278, 11564, 4024, 300, 310, 278, 3186, 1018, 322, 7150, 7336, 6847, 1492, 964, 385, 341, 5688, 3236, 29889, 4001, 366, 526, 2221, 304, 1776, 29892, 8041, 526, 3058, 304, 10933, 14568, 310, 5626, 881, 896, 6398, 304, 2507, 964, 385, 25836, 310, 278, 20590, 15259, 4818, 29889, 13, 22954, 278, 1856, 6960, 1789, 22844, 6601, 7047, 1286, 322, 366, 884, 3581, 16722, 1708, 411, 1749, 14909, 3889, 3209, 1789, 373, 1196, 322, 367, 373, 596, 2224, 964, 278, 2090, 322, 1468, 6090, 310, 17236, 294, 3114, 8986, 3209, 1789, 330, 1117, 1847, 29991, 3439, 17632, 23624, 1749, 4700, 304, 679, 596, 25672, 366, 864, 322, 2058, 596, 20590, 29889, 8680, 4700, 7805, 263, 1404, 5067, 1404, 5067, 393, 28936, 366, 304, 2058, 385, 24628, 297, 4359, 694, 3256, 825, 578, 1310, 29889, 13, 29909, 2813, 310, 278, 11781, 29892, 21669, 864, 304, 9805, 263, 13240, 15259, 29889, 19814, 29892, 727, 526, 5491, 2086, 1784, 8359, 3566, 1860, 304, 437, 29889, 319, 29871, 29896, 7234, 3686, 388, 7123, 1220, 1122, 367, 385, 3935, 2228, 29892, 1584, 363, 1906, 1058, 9455, 29915, 29873, 1781, 3307, 297, 4969, 322, 4653, 292, 596, 7014, 304, 263, 11261, 366, 1795, 3856, 29915, 29873, 2289, 8852, 297, 29889, 13, 797, 278, 2058, 310, 2009, 292, 4856, 363, 21750, 519, 3686, 388, 5007, 29892, 366, 881, 1348, 1048, 1811, 7535, 29889, 12545, 408, 393, 29892, 5480, 367, 3058, 2745, 366, 1369, 11975, 363, 777, 3573, 2436, 590, 1914, 3686, 388, 29892, 2050, 2599, 7535, 29892, 366, 1795, 6523, 372, 338, 3755, 443, 2388, 9169, 322, 11158, 5526, 292, 6354, 4475, 304, 2289, 437, 29889, 960, 366, 881, 367, 297, 1023, 27656, 8790, 1811, 4969, 3686, 388, 6851, 29892, 769, 1494, 338, 263, 731, 310, 639, 2039, 372, 29915, 29879, 5517, 304, 13389, 29889, 13, 3644, 366, 29915, 276, 263, 12755, 8368, 1058, 29915, 29879, 851, 11517, 2861, 304, 278, 20811, 5544, 747, 9770, 29892, 769, 591, 29915, 276, 1492, 1244, 297, 1797, 304, 3867, 366, 411, 263, 1361, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 1565, 29892, 372, 29915, 29879, 5181, 363, 366, 304, 12070, 304, 278, 11994, 297, 278, 12827, 29889, 319, 7234, 3686, 388, 7123, 1220, 1122, 367, 263, 1565, 2228, 29892, 1584, 363, 1906, 1058, 1795, 3856, 29915, 29873, 1781, 3307, 297, 5007, 322, 4653, 292, 596, 13133, 373, 385, 4066, 366, 9455, 29915, 29873, 2289, 8852, 297, 29889, 13, 2744, 306, 29954, 6632, 29965, 341, 5688, 2060, 1795, 367, 23399, 19981, 17118, 29892, 470, 1746, 1287, 29892, 763, 2675, 304, 1422, 5001, 322, 6523, 292, 1009, 1914, 18811, 5921, 322, 9999, 292, 13501, 29892, 379, 29934, 24833, 29892, 16436, 1052, 11839, 5480, 11483, 29889, 4007, 10194, 18872, 373, 278, 7787, 1033, 367, 13461, 11687, 7329, 322, 366, 29915, 345, 2355, 304, 2693, 1854, 366, 3667, 675, 1749, 2600, 293, 993, 1361, 293, 20304, 2304, 18293, 393, 925, 1751, 1078, 491, 773, 6446, 15390, 322, 18860, 6351, 1338, 304, 3867, 366, 411, 278, 18872, 393, 366, 29915, 276, 11975, 714, 363, 29889, 450, 3353, 2948, 363, 13258, 292, 297, 263, 28773, 3686, 388, 471, 1950, 491, 1749, 3132, 2562, 13925, 29889, 13, 3629, 3058, 366, 437, 451, 5445, 714, 596, 4274, 4208, 411, 443, 29899, 15107, 653, 5235, 29889, 450, 3686, 388, 4225, 304, 304, 367, 13686, 3598, 2931, 1891, 29889, 887, 881, 7952, 3144, 6742, 304, 263, 5837, 297, 20811, 263, 15259, 393, 29915, 29879, 25831, 681, 29889, 13, 9526, 1033, 505, 1009, 23550, 3415, 26191, 403, 297, 1797, 304, 1106, 2534, 263, 2684, 4482, 3682, 284, 5650, 975, 368, 20810, 278, 7123, 1220, 470, 594, 2276, 292, 304, 7123, 1220, 29889, 12808, 29892, 3686, 388, 15717, 526, 7960, 304, 22002, 280, 22204, 310, 445, 1556, 5253, 310, 2228, 29889, 7569, 9227, 591, 3667, 675, 756, 6369, 263, 3353, 3287, 310, 3153, 14578, 21321, 6942, 411, 263, 1914, 4967, 29889, 13, 29909, 2813, 310, 278, 11781, 29892, 15576, 1934, 817, 304, 9752, 263, 6369, 3686, 388, 29889, 512, 6124, 29892, 727, 5491, 526, 975, 368, 1784, 16984, 3052, 1080, 304, 12709, 29889, 1932, 1310, 596, 7123, 1220, 338, 19932, 29892, 769, 366, 884, 1122, 5517, 27435, 502, 2436, 590, 4274, 322, 884, 2050, 591, 29915, 645, 1074, 825, 366, 864, 515, 297, 305, 14880, 29889, 13, 27552, 263, 982, 304, 1083, 7584, 8072, 278, 1139, 825, 29915, 29879, 278, 10839, 2888, 1754, 3686, 388, 5007, 2669, 742, 366, 6398, 304, 5110, 1568, 901, 19813, 278, 13013, 29889, 8680, 5786, 505, 1063, 8676, 491, 7134, 519, 322, 10257, 23550, 29889, 8680, 5007, 5786, 723, 367, 278, 14413, 29914, 20640, 635 ]	1,024	C4	-0.921689	-1.386689	-2.5884	-0.869855
Q: Prediction on CNN model using lists and generators I have two CNN architectures, model_a and model_b. First, I predict the results with the validation set in model_a. This works perfectly and takes less than 20 seconds. The problem is when trying to predict using model_b. The tricky thing is that I only want to predict the images that model_a has predicted as cats. To do this, I read the labels from the prediction of the model_a and if it's the "cat" label I insert the corresponding image in the list list_pred_cat. However, when I try to do predict model_b using list_pred_cat it takes ages to run(I stopped counting after 10 minutes) taking longer than model_a, which doesn't make sense because it has fewer images to predict. Can it be due to the non-usage of the generator? What can I do to fix this? PS: Although it takes forever it doesn't return an error. This is my code: val_generator = val_dataGen.flow_from_directory(directory="./model_a/model_a/val_pad_cc", class_mode="categorical", batch_size=32, shuffle = False, seed = 2) val_generator.reset() #loads model_a's weights model_a.load_weights('/content/Best_weigths_DenseNet121_model_a_teste6.h5') #predicts model_a results using generators pred_a=model_a.predict(val_generator) y_pred_a = np.argmax(pred_a, axis=1) #Code to transform val_generator into the list x_val x_val=[] for i in range(159): a , b = val_generator.next() x_val.extend(a) #creates a list containing only the images predicted as cats by model_a for i in range(5069): #label=cat if(y_pred_a[i]==0): list_pred_cats.extend(x_val[i]) #loads model_b's weights model_b.load_weights('/content/Best_weigths_DenseNet121_model_b_teste6.h5') pred_b=model_b.predict(list_pred_cats) EDIT: I think you also need how I made the models: def create_Densenet(no_classes): Resnet = DenseNet121(include_top=False, weights='imagenet', input_shape=(224, 224, 3)) model = tf.keras.Sequential(Resnet) model.add(tf.keras.layers.GlobalAveragePooling2D()) model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.5)) model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dense(units=no_classes, activation="softmax")) return model model_a=create_Densenet(2) model_b=create_Densenet(2) EDIT2: If I try to put x_val[0](just the first image) in the place of list_pred_cat(pred_b=model_b.predict(x_val[0], verbose=1)), it gives me the following error: ValueError: Input 0 is incompatible with layer sequential_2: expected shape=(None, 224, 224, 3), found shape=(32, 256, 3) A: you have a batch size of 32 in the generator and in the loop you with next you get 254 batches so 32 X 254 = 8128 images are in x_val. so you then predict 8128 images using model a. Then you iterate only through 5069 of the predictions and if the predicted label was 0 you store the image in list_pred_cats. That all looks correct. What is the shape of list_pred_cats? If about half the image are cats it would be on the order of 2500 images. These are not being	[ 660, 29901, 21099, 2463, 373, 29696, 1904, 773, 8857, 322, 1176, 4097, 306, 505, 1023, 29696, 6956, 1973, 29892, 1904, 29918, 29874, 322, 1904, 29918, 29890, 29889, 3824, 29892, 306, 8500, 278, 2582, 411, 278, 8845, 731, 297, 1904, 29918, 29874, 29889, 910, 1736, 7970, 322, 4893, 3109, 1135, 29871, 29906, 29900, 6923, 29889, 13, 1576, 1108, 338, 746, 1811, 304, 8500, 773, 1904, 29918, 29890, 29889, 450, 28722, 2655, 338, 393, 306, 871, 864, 304, 8500, 278, 4558, 393, 1904, 29918, 29874, 756, 25383, 408, 274, 1446, 29889, 1763, 437, 445, 29892, 306, 1303, 278, 11073, 515, 278, 18988, 310, 278, 29871, 1904, 29918, 29874, 322, 565, 372, 29915, 29879, 278, 376, 4117, 29908, 3858, 306, 4635, 278, 6590, 1967, 297, 278, 1051, 1051, 29918, 11965, 29918, 4117, 29889, 13, 17245, 29892, 746, 306, 1018, 304, 437, 8500, 1904, 29918, 29890, 773, 1051, 29918, 11965, 29918, 4117, 372, 4893, 24646, 304, 1065, 29898, 29902, 11084, 21248, 1156, 29871, 29896, 29900, 6233, 29897, 5622, 5520, 1135, 1904, 29918, 29874, 29892, 607, 1838, 29915, 29873, 1207, 4060, 1363, 372, 756, 28145, 4558, 304, 8500, 29889, 1815, 372, 367, 2861, 304, 278, 1661, 29899, 21125, 310, 278, 15299, 29973, 1724, 508, 306, 437, 304, 2329, 445, 29973, 13, 7024, 29901, 8512, 372, 4893, 22296, 372, 1838, 29915, 29873, 736, 385, 1059, 29889, 13, 4013, 338, 590, 775, 29901, 13, 791, 29918, 27959, 353, 659, 29918, 1272, 15462, 29889, 1731, 29918, 3166, 29918, 12322, 29898, 12322, 543, 6904, 4299, 29918, 29874, 29914, 4299, 29918, 29874, 29914, 791, 29918, 8305, 29918, 617, 613, 13, 462, 462, 462, 1678, 770, 29918, 8513, 543, 29883, 20440, 936, 613, 13, 462, 462, 462, 1678, 9853, 29918, 2311, 29922, 29941, 29906, 29892, 13, 462, 462, 462, 1678, 528, 21897, 353, 7700, 29892, 16717, 353, 29871, 29906, 29897, 13, 13, 791, 29918, 27959, 29889, 12071, 580, 13, 13, 29937, 18132, 1904, 29918, 29874, 29915, 29879, 18177, 13, 4299, 29918, 29874, 29889, 1359, 29918, 705, 5861, 11219, 3051, 29914, 25353, 29918, 28082, 386, 29879, 29918, 29928, 1947, 6779, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29918, 4299, 29918, 29874, 29918, 1688, 29872, 29953, 29889, 29882, 29945, 1495, 13, 13, 29937, 27711, 29879, 1904, 29918, 29874, 2582, 773, 1176, 4097, 13, 11965, 29918, 29874, 29922, 4299, 29918, 29874, 29889, 27711, 29898, 791, 29918, 27959, 29897, 13, 29891, 29918, 11965, 29918, 29874, 353, 7442, 29889, 1191, 3317, 29898, 11965, 29918, 29874, 29892, 9685, 29922, 29896, 29897, 13, 13, 29937, 3399, 304, 4327, 659, 29918, 27959, 964, 278, 1051, 921, 29918, 791, 13, 29916, 29918, 791, 29922, 2636, 13, 1454, 474, 297, 3464, 29898, 29896, 29945, 29929, 1125, 13, 1678, 263, 1919, 289, 353, 659, 29918, 27959, 29889, 4622, 580, 13, 1678, 921, 29918, 791, 29889, 21843, 29898, 29874, 29897, 13, 13, 29937, 1037, 1078, 263, 1051, 6943, 871, 278, 4558, 25383, 408, 274, 1446, 491, 1904, 29918, 29874, 13, 1454, 474, 297, 3464, 29898, 29945, 29900, 29953, 29929, 1125, 13, 1678, 396, 1643, 29922, 4117, 13, 1678, 565, 29898, 29891, 29918, 11965, 29918, 29874, 29961, 29875, 29962, 1360, 29900, 1125, 29871, 13, 4706, 1051, 29918, 11965, 29918, 29883, 1446, 29889, 21843, 29898, 29916, 29918, 791, 29961, 29875, 2314, 13, 13, 29937, 18132, 1904, 29918, 29890, 29915, 29879, 18177, 13, 4299, 29918, 29890, 29889, 1359, 29918, 705, 5861, 11219, 3051, 29914, 25353, 29918, 28082, 386, 29879, 29918, 29928, 1947, 6779, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29918, 4299, 29918, 29890, 29918, 1688, 29872, 29953, 29889, 29882, 29945, 1495, 13, 13, 11965, 29918, 29890, 29922, 4299, 29918, 29890, 29889, 27711, 29898, 1761, 29918, 11965, 29918, 29883, 1446, 29897, 13, 13, 12378, 29901, 306, 1348, 366, 884, 817, 920, 306, 1754, 278, 4733, 29901, 13, 1753, 1653, 29918, 29928, 14762, 300, 29898, 1217, 29918, 13203, 1125, 13, 1678, 2538, 1212, 353, 360, 1947, 6779, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 2856, 29918, 3332, 29922, 8824, 29892, 18177, 2433, 326, 5370, 300, 742, 1881, 29918, 12181, 7607, 29906, 29906, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29941, 876, 13, 1678, 1904, 353, 15886, 29889, 3946, 294, 29889, 16941, 2556, 29898, 1666, 1212, 29897, 13, 1678, 1904, 29889, 1202, 29898, 13264, 29889, 3946, 294, 29889, 29277, 29889, 12756, 29909, 19698, 11426, 292, 29906, 29928, 3101, 13, 1678, 1904, 29889, 1202, 29898, 13264, 29889, 3946, 294, 29889, 29277, 29889, 15063, 449, 29898, 29900, 29889, 29945, 876, 13, 1678, 1904, 29889, 1202, 29898, 13264, 29889, 3946, 294, 29889, 29277, 29889, 29928, 1947, 29898, 348, 1169, 29922, 1217, 29918, 13203, 29892, 26229, 543, 2695, 3317, 5783, 13, 13, 1678, 736, 1904, 13, 13, 4299, 29918, 29874, 29922, 3258, 29918, 29928, 14762, 300, 29898, 29906, 29897, 13, 4299, 29918, 29890, 29922, 3258, 29918, 29928, 14762, 300, 29898, 29906, 29897, 13, 13, 12378, 29906, 29901, 960, 306, 1018, 304, 1925, 921, 29918, 791, 29961, 29900, 850, 5143, 278, 937, 1967, 29897, 297, 278, 2058, 310, 1051, 29918, 11965, 29918, 4117, 29898, 11965, 29918, 29890, 29922, 4299, 29918, 29890, 29889, 27711, 29898, 29916, 29918, 791, 29961, 29900, 1402, 26952, 29922, 29896, 8243, 372, 4076, 592, 278, 1494, 1059, 29901, 13, 1917, 2392, 29901, 10567, 29871, 29900, 338, 297, 23712, 411, 7546, 8617, 2556, 29918, 29906, 29901, 3806, 8267, 7607, 8516, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29941, 511, 1476, 8267, 7607, 29941, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29945, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29941, 29897, 13, 13, 29909, 29901, 366, 505, 263, 9853, 2159, 310, 29871, 29941, 29906, 297, 278, 15299, 322, 297, 278, 2425, 366, 411, 2446, 366, 679, 29871, 29906, 29945, 29946, 9853, 267, 577, 29871, 29941, 29906, 1060, 29871, 29906, 29945, 29946, 353, 29871, 29947, 29896, 29906, 29947, 4558, 526, 297, 921, 29918, 791, 29889, 577, 366, 769, 8500, 29871, 29947, 29896, 29906, 29947, 4558, 773, 1904, 263, 29889, 1987, 366, 13649, 871, 1549, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29953, 29929, 310, 278, 27303, 322, 565, 278, 25383, 3858, 471, 29871, 29900, 29871, 366, 3787, 278, 1967, 297, 1051, 29918, 11965, 29918, 29883, 1446, 29889, 2193, 599, 3430, 1959, 29889, 1724, 338, 278, 8267, 310, 1051, 29918, 11965, 29918, 29883, 1446, 29973, 960, 1048, 4203, 278, 1967, 526, 274, 1446, 372, 723, 367, 373, 278, 1797, 310, 29871, 29906, 29945, 29900, 29900, 4558, 29889, 13, 1349, 968, 526, 29871, 451, 1641 ]	1,024	StackExchange	-1.254529	0.522353	-0.763795	0.237544
J Diabetes Res. 2017;2017:7047909. doi: 10.1155/2017/7047909. Epub 2017 Aug 16. Arterial Stiffness Is More Associated with Albuminuria than Decreased Glomerular Filtration Rate in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The REBOUND Study. Kim JH1, Kim SS1, Kim IJ1, Kim BH1, Park JY2, Lee CW2, Suk JH3, Shin SH4, Son SP4, Kim MC5, Ahn JH6, Lee KJ7, Kwon MJ8, Lee SH8, Park JH8. Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Busan St. Mary's Medical Center, Busan, Republic of Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Woori Medical Clinic, Busan, Republic of Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Bongseng Memorial Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Ilsin Christian Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Good Moonhwa Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Daedong Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Pusan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between arterial stiffness and albuminuria and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This multicenter cohort study analyzed 2613 patients with type 2 diabetes. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was used as a noninvasive marker of arterial stiffness. Additionally, the patients were categorized into four groups according to their albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR, normoalbuminuria versus albuminuria) and estimated GFR (eGFR, <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 versus ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2). A univariate analysis revealed that maximal baPWV was significantly associated with both the ACR (r = 0.297, P < 0.001) and eGFR (r = -0.220, P < 0.001). A multivariate analysis adjusted for significant clinical variables and eGFR showed that baPWV remained significantly correlated with the ACR (r = 0.150, P < 0.001). Also, baPWV was correlated positively with the ACR in patients with an eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (r = 0.146, P < 0.001). However, baPWV was not correlated with eGFR after adjustment for significant clinical variables. The present findings indicate that arterial stiffness is more associated with albuminuria than a decrease in GFR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Multicenter Study Albuminuria/complications* Albuminuria/epidemiology Albuminuria/physiopathology Albuminuria/urine Ankle Brachial Index Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications* Diabetic Angiopathies/epidemiology Diabetic Angiopathies/physiopathology* Diabetic Angiopathies/urine Diabetic Nephropathies/epidemiology Diabetic Nephropathies/physiopathology* Diabetic Nephropathies/urine Glomerular Filtration Rate Kidney/physiopathology* Pulse Wave Analysis Republic of Korea/epidemiology Severity of Illness Index Vascular Stiffness* Hindawi Limited Diabetes mellitus type 2 - Genetic Alliance Diabetes, Type 2 - Genetic	[ 435, 4671, 370, 10778, 2538, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29955, 29936, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29955, 29901, 29955, 29900, 29946, 29955, 29929, 29900, 29929, 29889, 13102, 29901, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 29896, 29896, 29945, 29945, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29955, 29914, 29955, 29900, 29946, 29955, 29929, 29900, 29929, 29889, 382, 5467, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29955, 22333, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29889, 13, 1433, 357, 616, 624, 2593, 2264, 1317, 5853, 6853, 630, 411, 10217, 262, 26607, 1135, 3826, 276, 1463, 8467, 12392, 1070, 2514, 509, 362, 390, 403, 297, 4121, 10070, 411, 5167, 29871, 29906, 4671, 370, 10778, 341, 514, 277, 375, 29901, 450, 5195, 8456, 18783, 29301, 29889, 13, 29968, 326, 435, 29950, 29896, 29892, 12931, 5886, 29896, 29892, 12931, 306, 29967, 29896, 29892, 12931, 350, 29950, 29896, 29892, 4815, 435, 29979, 29906, 29892, 9371, 315, 29956, 29906, 29892, 2166, 29895, 435, 29950, 29941, 29892, 27948, 24972, 29946, 29892, 5791, 10937, 29946, 29892, 12931, 21271, 29945, 29892, 319, 3123, 435, 29950, 29953, 29892, 9371, 476, 29967, 29955, 29892, 476, 12620, 341, 29967, 29947, 29892, 9371, 24972, 29947, 29892, 4815, 435, 29950, 29947, 29889, 13, 8498, 442, 358, 310, 512, 1890, 27529, 29892, 349, 375, 273, 3086, 3014, 15967, 29892, 8406, 273, 29892, 8063, 310, 19109, 29889, 13, 8498, 442, 358, 310, 512, 1890, 27529, 29892, 8406, 273, 624, 29889, 6182, 29915, 29879, 20795, 7817, 29892, 8406, 273, 29892, 8063, 310, 19109, 29889, 13, 8498, 442, 358, 310, 512, 1890, 27529, 29892, 14962, 4170, 20795, 315, 1915, 293, 29892, 8406, 273, 29892, 8063, 310, 19109, 29889, 13, 8498, 442, 358, 310, 512, 1890, 27529, 29892, 350, 24733, 996, 19722, 15967, 29892, 8406, 273, 29892, 8063, 310, 19109, 29889, 13, 8498, 442, 358, 310, 512, 1890, 27529, 29892, 1720, 5223, 6111, 15967, 29892, 8406, 273, 29892, 8063, 310, 19109, 29889, 13, 8498, 442, 358, 310, 512, 1890, 27529, 29892, 7197, 17549, 29882, 2766, 15967, 29892, 8406, 273, 29892, 8063, 310, 19109, 29889, 13, 8498, 442, 358, 310, 512, 1890, 27529, 29892, 7266, 287, 549, 15967, 29892, 8406, 273, 29892, 8063, 310, 19109, 29889, 13, 8498, 442, 358, 310, 512, 1890, 27529, 29892, 6346, 310, 27529, 29892, 349, 375, 273, 2621, 638, 15967, 29892, 512, 1324, 3014, 29892, 8406, 273, 29892, 8063, 310, 19109, 29889, 13, 1576, 12242, 310, 445, 6559, 471, 304, 14707, 278, 15477, 1546, 564, 357, 616, 380, 2593, 2264, 322, 3769, 262, 26607, 322, 3144, 12392, 1070, 977, 509, 362, 6554, 313, 29954, 15860, 29897, 297, 22069, 411, 1134, 29871, 29906, 652, 370, 10778, 286, 514, 277, 375, 29889, 13, 4013, 1773, 293, 5893, 16165, 441, 6559, 29537, 287, 29871, 29906, 29953, 29896, 29941, 22069, 411, 1134, 29871, 29906, 652, 370, 10778, 29889, 5032, 305, 616, 29899, 804, 280, 9505, 344, 10742, 12885, 313, 2291, 29925, 29956, 29963, 29897, 471, 1304, 408, 263, 1661, 262, 4428, 573, 17456, 310, 564, 357, 616, 380, 2593, 2264, 29889, 19814, 29892, 278, 22069, 892, 11608, 1891, 964, 3023, 6471, 5034, 304, 1009, 3769, 262, 29899, 517, 29899, 1037, 21203, 457, 11959, 313, 2477, 29934, 29892, 6056, 29877, 10336, 262, 26607, 23797, 3769, 262, 26607, 29897, 322, 15899, 402, 15860, 313, 29872, 29954, 15860, 29892, 529, 29953, 29900, 30080, 29885, 29931, 29914, 1195, 29914, 29896, 29889, 29955, 29941, 30080, 29885, 29906, 23797, 29871, 30386, 29953, 29900, 30080, 29885, 29931, 29914, 1195, 29914, 29896, 29889, 29955, 29941, 30080, 29885, 29906, 467, 13, 29909, 443, 27432, 403, 7418, 17845, 393, 23183, 9922, 29925, 29956, 29963, 471, 16951, 6942, 411, 1716, 278, 319, 11341, 313, 29878, 353, 29871, 29900, 29889, 29906, 29929, 29955, 29892, 349, 529, 29871, 29900, 29889, 29900, 29900, 29896, 29897, 322, 321, 29954, 15860, 313, 29878, 353, 448, 29900, 29889, 29906, 29906, 29900, 29892, 349, 529, 29871, 29900, 29889, 29900, 29900, 29896, 467, 319, 1773, 27432, 403, 7418, 10365, 287, 363, 7282, 24899, 936, 3651, 322, 321, 29954, 15860, 10018, 393, 9922, 29925, 29956, 29963, 9488, 16951, 8855, 630, 411, 278, 319, 11341, 313, 29878, 353, 29871, 29900, 29889, 29896, 29945, 29900, 29892, 349, 529, 29871, 29900, 29889, 29900, 29900, 29896, 467, 3115, 29892, 9922, 29925, 29956, 29963, 471, 8855, 630, 13686, 3598, 411, 278, 319, 11341, 297, 22069, 411, 385, 321, 29954, 15860, 30080, 30386, 30080, 29953, 29900, 30080, 29885, 29931, 29914, 1195, 29914, 29896, 29889, 29955, 29941, 30080, 29885, 29906, 313, 29878, 353, 29871, 29900, 29889, 29896, 29946, 29953, 29892, 349, 529, 29871, 29900, 29889, 29900, 29900, 29896, 467, 2398, 29892, 9922, 29925, 29956, 29963, 471, 451, 8855, 630, 411, 321, 29954, 15860, 1156, 10365, 358, 363, 7282, 24899, 936, 3651, 29889, 13, 1576, 2198, 1284, 886, 12266, 393, 564, 357, 616, 380, 2593, 2264, 338, 901, 6942, 411, 3769, 262, 26607, 1135, 263, 23806, 297, 402, 15860, 297, 22069, 411, 1134, 29871, 29906, 652, 370, 10778, 286, 514, 277, 375, 29889, 13, 6857, 293, 5893, 29301, 13, 2499, 2404, 262, 26607, 29914, 2388, 5795, 29930, 13, 2499, 2404, 262, 26607, 29914, 1022, 680, 2460, 3002, 13, 2499, 2404, 262, 26607, 29914, 14017, 21260, 493, 3002, 13, 2499, 2404, 262, 26607, 29914, 332, 457, 13, 2744, 29895, 280, 5032, 305, 616, 11374, 13, 12130, 370, 10778, 341, 514, 277, 375, 29892, 5167, 29871, 29906, 29914, 2388, 5795, 29930, 13, 12130, 370, 7492, 530, 3146, 459, 493, 583, 29914, 1022, 680, 2460, 3002, 13, 12130, 370, 7492, 530, 3146, 459, 493, 583, 29914, 14017, 21260, 493, 3002, 29930, 13, 12130, 370, 7492, 530, 3146, 459, 493, 583, 29914, 332, 457, 13, 12130, 370, 7492, 2448, 561, 1336, 493, 583, 29914, 1022, 680, 2460, 3002, 13, 12130, 370, 7492, 2448, 561, 1336, 493, 583, 29914, 14017, 21260, 493, 3002, 29930, 13, 12130, 370, 7492, 2448, 561, 1336, 493, 583, 29914, 332, 457, 13, 29954, 29880, 12392, 1070, 2514, 509, 362, 390, 403, 13, 29968, 333, 3801, 29914, 14017, 21260, 493, 3002, 29930, 13, 29925, 19994, 399, 1351, 24352, 13, 5612, 803, 310, 19109, 29914, 1022, 680, 2460, 3002, 13, 29903, 1310, 537, 310, 8408, 2264, 11374, 13, 29963, 6151, 1070, 624, 2593, 2264, 29930, 13, 29950, 513, 1450, 29875, 28873, 13, 12130, 370, 10778, 286, 514, 277, 375, 1134, 29871, 29906, 448, 5739, 7492, 29855, 13, 12130, 370, 10778, 29892, 5167, 29871, 29906, 448, 5739, 7492 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.904028	0.976578	-0.081474	0.213511
The Sawyer Bennett Bookstore is open for business! Ready to shop? Order signed paperbacks and hardcovers here: https://shop.sawyerbennett.com/ A couple items to note: 1) Shipping will take a while. Books will be ordered once the store closes on May 12, 2021, and will take a couple weeks to arrive. I hope to have all books shipped to readers in June. 2) I am not offering bookplates at this time. My apologies to anyone who was hoping to grab a couple. I'll consider them again in the future. 3) If you are international, please email me (sawyer@sawyerbennett.com) for shipping costs. The system isn't super user friendly where international shipping is concerned, so this will be easier for both of us. 🙂 4) A reminder that novellas and books that were not published independently (Sugar Bowl, Cold Fury, the first three books of Arizona Vengeance, and the Love Hurts series) are not available on the website. Happy shopping!!! —-> https://shop.sawyerbennett.com/ From New York Times Bestselling Author Sawyer Bennett comes the Chronicles of the Stone Veil, a five book urban fantasy/paranormal romance series. A departure from contemporary romance, the Chronicles of the Stone Veil is a return to fantasy/paranormal romance, where Sawyer started her fiction publishing journey. Readers can expect to find all the elements they love from Sawyer's books—strong heroines, alpha heroes, and an epic romance—with a fantastical element to add to their reading experience. You can get the first book in the series, The Revelation of Light and Dark, now! Details for the Chronicles of the Stone Veil series are below: Go to Sawyer's website for details: Click here to learn more about The Chronicles of the Stone Veil series The Revelation of Light and Dark is available now: Amazon \| Nook \| Apple \| Google \| Kobo Order the book in PRINT The Revelation of Light and Dark Chronicles of the Stone Veil, book #1 An Urban Fantasy / Paranormal Romance Series \| AVAILABLE NOW Add it to Goodreads I always knew I was different. From a young age, my mind has been plagued with things only I could see. Some hauntingly beautiful, others completely terrifying. Never knowing if these visions were real or just hallucinations, I learned how to lock them down and ignore them. I learned to take solace in the relative anonymity of city life and find peace in the rainy days my city of Seattle is known for. But just when I think my life is getting on track and my dreams are achievable, a moment of weakness causes me to learn a hard and fast lesson. My entire existence has been a lie. Now I'm faced with a new reality that's as implausible as it is fantastical. Filled with realms and veils, light and dark, fae and daemons, gods and angels—things I don't understand but am forced to acknowledge. It doesn't help that the man teaching me about my unique gifts is the gorgeously handsome Carrick Byrne, one of Seattle's richest and most powerful men. He intimidates, annoys, and intrigues me all at the same time. I don't trust him and yet there's no one else to help me. No longer certain who to put my faith in, what to believe, or how I fit into it all, one revelation is clear… The world as I know it will never be the same again. The Revelation of Light and Dark is book one of the Chronicles of the Stone Veil series and is best enjoyed if read in series order. COMING SOON IN THE SERIES A Discovery of Secrets and Fate Chronicles of the Stone Veil, book #2 \| Coming March 2, 2021 The Evolution of Fae and Gods Chronicles of the Stone Veil, book #3 \| Coming March 23, 2021 A Battle of Blood and Stone Chronicles of the Stone Veil, book #4 \| Coming April 13, 2021 The Rise of Fortune and Fury Chronicles of the Stone	[ 450, 317, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 6726, 8899, 338, 1722, 363, 5381, 29991, 13, 28181, 304, 18296, 29973, 8170, 8794, 5650, 1627, 29879, 322, 2898, 1111, 874, 1244, 29901, 2045, 597, 19032, 29889, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 13, 29909, 7303, 4452, 304, 4443, 29901, 13, 29896, 29897, 1383, 17347, 674, 2125, 263, 1550, 29889, 13730, 674, 367, 10372, 2748, 278, 3787, 4694, 267, 373, 2610, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29892, 322, 674, 2125, 263, 7303, 11405, 304, 18331, 29889, 306, 4966, 304, 505, 599, 8277, 528, 16242, 304, 22176, 297, 5306, 29889, 13, 29906, 29897, 306, 626, 451, 27032, 3143, 9884, 472, 445, 931, 29889, 1619, 3095, 11763, 304, 5019, 1058, 471, 17231, 304, 17229, 263, 7303, 29889, 306, 29915, 645, 2050, 963, 1449, 297, 278, 5434, 29889, 13, 29941, 29897, 960, 366, 526, 6121, 29892, 3113, 4876, 592, 313, 29879, 1450, 7598, 29992, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29897, 363, 528, 17347, 21544, 29889, 450, 1788, 3508, 29915, 29873, 2428, 1404, 19780, 988, 6121, 528, 17347, 338, 15041, 29892, 577, 445, 674, 367, 6775, 363, 1716, 310, 502, 29889, 29871, 243, 162, 156, 133, 13, 29946, 29897, 319, 1083, 4995, 393, 2420, 514, 294, 322, 8277, 393, 892, 451, 6369, 25499, 313, 29903, 688, 279, 27207, 29892, 26731, 383, 2857, 29892, 278, 937, 2211, 8277, 310, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 322, 278, 8155, 22220, 1372, 3652, 29897, 526, 451, 3625, 373, 278, 4700, 29889, 13, 29950, 14862, 17394, 3262, 21004, 813, 976, 2045, 597, 19032, 29889, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 13, 4591, 1570, 3088, 10277, 6407, 29879, 7807, 13361, 317, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 5304, 278, 15336, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 29892, 263, 5320, 3143, 17164, 13568, 8995, 29914, 862, 273, 2759, 6017, 749, 3652, 29889, 319, 25619, 515, 24952, 6017, 749, 29892, 278, 15336, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 338, 263, 736, 304, 13568, 8995, 29914, 862, 273, 2759, 6017, 749, 29892, 988, 317, 1450, 7598, 4687, 902, 24159, 27256, 16342, 29889, 7523, 414, 508, 2149, 304, 1284, 599, 278, 3161, 896, 5360, 515, 317, 1450, 7598, 29915, 29879, 8277, 30003, 1110, 13444, 1475, 29892, 15595, 13444, 267, 29892, 322, 385, 9358, 293, 6017, 749, 30003, 2541, 263, 13568, 579, 936, 1543, 304, 788, 304, 1009, 5183, 7271, 29889, 887, 508, 679, 278, 937, 3143, 297, 278, 3652, 29892, 450, 830, 955, 362, 310, 12790, 322, 15317, 29892, 1286, 29991, 13, 10602, 363, 278, 15336, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 3652, 526, 2400, 29901, 13, 8120, 304, 317, 1450, 7598, 29915, 29879, 4700, 363, 4902, 29901, 16297, 1244, 304, 5110, 901, 1048, 450, 15336, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 3652, 13, 1576, 830, 955, 362, 310, 12790, 322, 15317, 338, 3625, 1286, 29901, 13, 29909, 655, 6626, 891, 1939, 554, 891, 12113, 891, 5087, 891, 28014, 29877, 13, 7514, 278, 3143, 297, 12089, 10192, 13, 1576, 830, 955, 362, 310, 12790, 322, 15317, 13, 11626, 265, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 29892, 3143, 396, 29896, 13, 2744, 22589, 18089, 8995, 847, 1459, 273, 2759, 6033, 749, 10488, 891, 16884, 29909, 6227, 6181, 405, 9806, 13, 2528, 372, 304, 7197, 949, 29879, 13, 29902, 2337, 6363, 306, 471, 1422, 29889, 13, 4591, 263, 4123, 5046, 29892, 590, 3458, 756, 1063, 715, 351, 6742, 411, 2712, 871, 306, 1033, 1074, 29889, 3834, 447, 348, 1259, 368, 9560, 29892, 4045, 6446, 1935, 29878, 9215, 29889, 12391, 13797, 565, 1438, 1998, 1080, 892, 1855, 470, 925, 12713, 1682, 262, 800, 29892, 306, 10972, 920, 304, 7714, 963, 1623, 322, 11455, 963, 29889, 306, 10972, 304, 2125, 899, 815, 297, 278, 6198, 385, 4735, 537, 310, 4272, 2834, 322, 1284, 10776, 297, 278, 1153, 4901, 3841, 590, 4272, 310, 27689, 338, 2998, 363, 29889, 13, 6246, 925, 746, 306, 1348, 590, 2834, 338, 2805, 373, 5702, 322, 590, 12561, 29879, 526, 27012, 519, 29892, 263, 3256, 310, 8062, 2264, 9946, 592, 304, 5110, 263, 2898, 322, 5172, 3109, 265, 29889, 13, 3421, 4152, 10379, 756, 1063, 263, 3804, 29889, 13, 10454, 306, 29915, 29885, 20050, 411, 263, 716, 16832, 393, 29915, 29879, 408, 2411, 15273, 1821, 408, 372, 338, 13568, 579, 936, 29889, 2514, 839, 411, 1855, 1516, 322, 2453, 2719, 29892, 3578, 322, 6501, 29892, 2258, 29872, 322, 1146, 331, 787, 29892, 27379, 322, 2614, 1379, 30003, 386, 886, 306, 1016, 29915, 29873, 2274, 541, 626, 11826, 304, 18145, 5485, 29889, 739, 1838, 29915, 29873, 1371, 393, 278, 767, 18819, 592, 1048, 590, 5412, 330, 17741, 338, 278, 330, 3890, 5794, 1361, 5372, 1704, 9131, 2648, 29878, 484, 29892, 697, 310, 27689, 29915, 29879, 8261, 342, 322, 1556, 13988, 1757, 29889, 940, 938, 326, 333, 1078, 29892, 12327, 952, 29892, 322, 11158, 335, 1041, 592, 599, 472, 278, 1021, 931, 29889, 306, 1016, 29915, 29873, 9311, 1075, 322, 3447, 727, 29915, 29879, 694, 697, 1683, 304, 1371, 592, 29889, 13, 3782, 5520, 3058, 1058, 304, 1925, 590, 10847, 297, 29892, 825, 304, 4658, 29892, 470, 920, 306, 6216, 964, 372, 599, 29892, 697, 20474, 362, 338, 2821, 30098, 13, 1576, 3186, 408, 306, 1073, 372, 674, 2360, 367, 278, 1021, 1449, 29889, 13, 1576, 830, 955, 362, 310, 12790, 322, 15317, 338, 3143, 697, 310, 278, 15336, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 3652, 322, 338, 1900, 27849, 565, 1303, 297, 3652, 1797, 29889, 13, 19795, 4214, 7791, 1164, 2672, 6093, 26996, 29059, 13, 29909, 8565, 22205, 310, 5356, 27487, 322, 383, 403, 13, 11626, 265, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 29892, 3143, 396, 29906, 891, 422, 292, 4779, 29871, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 13, 1576, 382, 4068, 310, 383, 3660, 322, 4177, 29879, 13, 11626, 265, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 29892, 3143, 396, 29941, 891, 422, 292, 4779, 29871, 29906, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 13, 29909, 12788, 310, 25122, 322, 15681, 13, 11626, 265, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 29892, 3143, 396, 29946, 891, 422, 292, 3786, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 13, 1576, 390, 895, 310, 7236, 1540, 322, 383, 2857, 13, 11626, 265, 4027, 310, 278, 15681 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.345699	-0.689778	-0.263486	-0.177652
Veil, book #5 \| Coming May 4, 2021 RELEASE WEEK GIVEAWAY Sawyer Bennett is giving away a Kindle Paperwhite, a $50 Amazon Gift Card, and a signed hardcover to one lucky reader. Fill out the form to enter to win. CLICK HERE TO ENTER TO WIN Steele (Arizona Vengeance, Book #9) Sawyer Bennett A second chance may be just what James Steele needs… I might be one of the older players on the Arizona Vengeance, but I like to think that also makes me one of the wisest. Or at least I used to. Turns out, I've been a bit selfish. I've been married to hockey and my team for years, which hasn't left much time for my actual wife, Ella. Now I'm juggling a separation I never wanted, the pressure of being a single dad to our teenage daughter, and the career I sacrificed it all for. While my game on the ice might be on fire, the game in my personal life is clearly lacking, as evidenced by the fact I just saw my wife on a date with another man. If I have any hope of saving the family I love, I need to re-prioritize, and fast. So it's time for me to get back to fundamentals, just like I did when I learned how to play hockey. I've never backed down from a challenge, and romancing my wife is a challenge I am very much looking forward to. Time to put on my game face, because I'm in it to win it. Download Steele: Print \| Audible (narrated by Brian Pallino and Jill Redfield) Code Name: Rook (Jameson Force Security, Book #6) Being a highly skilled operative for a company like Jameson Force Security is exhilarating and important work…until it comes time to date. I like to keep my profession under wraps for a number of reasons. Some of what we do is top secret, most of what we do is dangerous, and more than one woman has tried to latch onto me because she was more enamored with what I do than who Cage Murdock really is. And since I'm more of a 'here for the night' than a 'here for forever' kind of guy, what's the harm in a little white lie about my job? My harmless deceit has never failed me. Until now. Because I met the most amazing woman and did the unthinkable. I married her. And now my beautiful, unsuspecting, probably-going-to-leave-my-sorry-behind-when-she-finds-out-the-truth wife doesn't know that I'm not a used car salesman like I told her when we met. As it typically does with lies, the truth is about to come out in a big way when Jaime unwittingly gets herself mixed up with some unsavory characters and I, along with the team at Jameson, have to intervene. Now I need to save my girl and hope I can save my marriage too. Let's just say I have some serious explaining to do. Download Code Name: Rook: Print \| Audible (narrated by John Lane and Emma Wilder) Kane (Arizona Vengeance, Book #8) Are you ready for Kane Bellan's story? Potential problem? I'm not really sure. Here's the deal. There's this girl—isn't that how it always starts?—and her name is Mollie. I like her. I mean really like her. I hope that doesn't make me seem less manly than my professional hockey player persona implies. But here's the issue—she's my best friend. The one person I can count on for everything, who's been there with me for all the moments, big and small. When Mollie shows up at my door, travel weary and scared following an incident with an ex, my instinct to protect her goes into overdrive. It's then that I know she's more than just my best friend and the skates are swept out from under me when I find out she feels the same way. Our transition from friends to lovers to potentially something more is seamless, the Arizona Vengeance is back on the ice looking for a repeat championship, and my life has never been better. Just when I think I've got	[ 8980, 309, 29892, 3143, 396, 29945, 891, 422, 292, 2610, 29871, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 13, 14829, 399, 17896, 29968, 402, 18474, 29909, 12982, 29979, 13, 29903, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 338, 6820, 3448, 263, 13187, 280, 349, 7202, 10921, 29892, 263, 395, 29945, 29900, 16631, 402, 2027, 9160, 29892, 322, 263, 8794, 2898, 11911, 304, 697, 9885, 29891, 9591, 29889, 383, 453, 714, 278, 883, 304, 3896, 304, 5401, 29889, 13, 6154, 2965, 29968, 379, 27267, 7495, 12524, 4945, 7495, 399, 1177, 13, 7789, 6146, 313, 29909, 21198, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 6726, 396, 29929, 29897, 13, 29903, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 13, 29909, 1473, 8825, 1122, 367, 925, 825, 5011, 2443, 6146, 4225, 30098, 13, 29902, 1795, 367, 697, 310, 278, 9642, 10769, 373, 278, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 541, 306, 763, 304, 1348, 393, 884, 3732, 592, 697, 310, 278, 22573, 342, 29889, 1394, 472, 3203, 306, 1304, 304, 29889, 13, 27407, 29879, 714, 29892, 306, 29915, 345, 1063, 263, 2586, 1583, 728, 29889, 306, 29915, 345, 1063, 8300, 304, 18881, 322, 590, 3815, 363, 2440, 29892, 607, 22602, 29915, 29873, 2175, 1568, 931, 363, 590, 3935, 6532, 29892, 1260, 433, 29889, 2567, 306, 29915, 29885, 8740, 29887, 1847, 263, 23683, 306, 2360, 5131, 29892, 278, 12959, 310, 1641, 263, 2323, 270, 328, 304, 1749, 734, 264, 482, 8750, 29892, 322, 278, 6413, 306, 26285, 287, 372, 599, 363, 29889, 13, 8809, 488, 590, 3748, 373, 278, 14890, 1795, 367, 373, 3974, 29892, 278, 3748, 297, 590, 7333, 2834, 338, 9436, 10225, 292, 29892, 408, 3415, 3615, 1133, 491, 278, 2114, 306, 925, 4446, 590, 6532, 373, 263, 2635, 411, 1790, 767, 29889, 960, 306, 505, 738, 4966, 310, 14238, 278, 3942, 306, 5360, 29892, 306, 817, 304, 337, 29899, 29886, 13479, 277, 675, 29892, 322, 5172, 29889, 1105, 372, 29915, 29879, 931, 363, 592, 304, 679, 1250, 304, 5220, 1166, 1338, 29892, 925, 763, 306, 1258, 746, 306, 10972, 920, 304, 1708, 18881, 29889, 306, 29915, 345, 2360, 1250, 287, 1623, 515, 263, 18766, 29892, 322, 9728, 3277, 590, 6532, 338, 263, 18766, 306, 626, 1407, 1568, 3063, 6375, 304, 29889, 13, 2481, 304, 1925, 373, 590, 3748, 3700, 29892, 1363, 306, 29915, 29885, 297, 372, 304, 5401, 372, 29889, 13, 22954, 2443, 6146, 29901, 13, 11816, 891, 8612, 1821, 313, 29876, 2749, 630, 491, 15733, 349, 497, 1789, 322, 435, 453, 4367, 2671, 29897, 13, 3399, 4408, 29901, 1528, 554, 313, 29470, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 6726, 396, 29953, 29897, 13, 3629, 292, 263, 10712, 2071, 24455, 1751, 1230, 363, 263, 5001, 763, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 338, 429, 29882, 2327, 1218, 322, 4100, 664, 30098, 29305, 372, 5304, 931, 304, 2635, 29889, 306, 763, 304, 3013, 590, 6351, 1090, 11463, 567, 363, 263, 1353, 310, 9590, 29889, 3834, 310, 825, 591, 437, 338, 2246, 7035, 29892, 1556, 310, 825, 591, 437, 338, 18215, 29892, 322, 901, 1135, 697, 6114, 756, 1898, 304, 301, 905, 11480, 592, 1363, 1183, 471, 901, 427, 314, 4395, 411, 825, 306, 437, 1135, 1058, 315, 482, 7487, 29881, 1698, 2289, 338, 29889, 1126, 1951, 306, 29915, 29885, 901, 310, 263, 525, 4150, 363, 278, 4646, 29915, 1135, 263, 525, 4150, 363, 22296, 29915, 2924, 310, 1410, 29891, 29892, 825, 29915, 29879, 278, 10311, 297, 263, 2217, 4796, 3804, 1048, 590, 4982, 29973, 13, 3421, 4023, 828, 404, 23332, 277, 756, 2360, 5229, 592, 29889, 28609, 1286, 29889, 7311, 306, 1539, 278, 1556, 21863, 292, 6114, 322, 1258, 278, 443, 386, 682, 519, 29889, 306, 8300, 902, 29889, 1126, 1286, 590, 9560, 29892, 9644, 375, 1103, 292, 29892, 3117, 29899, 17696, 29899, 517, 29899, 280, 1351, 29899, 1357, 29899, 29879, 3818, 29899, 915, 16887, 29899, 8256, 29899, 11360, 29899, 2886, 29879, 29899, 449, 29899, 1552, 29899, 509, 2806, 6532, 1838, 29915, 29873, 1073, 393, 306, 29915, 29885, 451, 263, 1304, 1559, 16538, 1171, 763, 306, 5429, 902, 746, 591, 1539, 29889, 13, 2887, 372, 12234, 947, 411, 12185, 29892, 278, 8760, 338, 1048, 304, 2041, 714, 297, 263, 4802, 982, 746, 14021, 603, 18500, 5367, 368, 4947, 8735, 12849, 701, 411, 777, 9644, 485, 706, 4890, 322, 306, 29892, 3412, 411, 278, 3815, 472, 5011, 265, 29892, 505, 304, 26314, 29872, 29889, 2567, 306, 817, 304, 4078, 590, 7826, 322, 4966, 306, 508, 4078, 590, 13718, 2086, 29889, 2803, 29915, 29879, 925, 1827, 306, 505, 777, 10676, 24232, 304, 437, 29889, 13, 22954, 5920, 4408, 29901, 1528, 554, 29901, 13, 11816, 891, 8612, 1821, 313, 29876, 2749, 630, 491, 2259, 23841, 322, 26422, 399, 2700, 29897, 13, 29968, 1662, 313, 29909, 21198, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 6726, 396, 29947, 29897, 13, 17506, 366, 7960, 363, 476, 1662, 10914, 273, 29915, 29879, 5828, 29973, 13, 29925, 327, 2556, 1108, 29973, 13, 29902, 29915, 29885, 451, 2289, 1854, 29889, 2266, 29915, 29879, 278, 5376, 29889, 13, 8439, 29915, 29879, 445, 7826, 30003, 275, 29876, 29915, 29873, 393, 920, 372, 2337, 8665, 29973, 30003, 392, 902, 1024, 338, 341, 3028, 347, 29889, 306, 763, 902, 29889, 306, 2099, 2289, 763, 902, 29889, 306, 4966, 393, 1838, 29915, 29873, 1207, 592, 2833, 3109, 767, 368, 1135, 590, 10257, 18881, 4847, 21411, 10469, 29889, 1205, 1244, 29915, 29879, 278, 2228, 30003, 11360, 29915, 29879, 590, 1900, 5121, 29889, 450, 697, 2022, 306, 508, 2302, 373, 363, 4129, 29892, 1058, 29915, 29879, 1063, 727, 411, 592, 363, 599, 278, 19462, 29892, 4802, 322, 2319, 29889, 13, 10401, 341, 3028, 347, 3697, 701, 472, 590, 3050, 29892, 9850, 591, 653, 322, 885, 1965, 1494, 385, 15134, 411, 385, 429, 29892, 590, 26508, 304, 12566, 902, 5771, 964, 975, 21594, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 769, 393, 306, 1073, 1183, 29915, 29879, 901, 1135, 925, 590, 1900, 5121, 322, 278, 2071, 1078, 526, 7901, 415, 714, 515, 1090, 592, 746, 306, 1284, 714, 1183, 23880, 278, 1021, 982, 29889, 13, 29949, 332, 9558, 515, 7875, 304, 658, 874, 304, 19998, 1554, 901, 338, 409, 314, 2222, 29892, 278, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 338, 1250, 373, 278, 14890, 3063, 363, 263, 12312, 22401, 29892, 322, 590, 2834, 756, 2360, 1063, 2253, 29889, 3387, 746, 306, 1348, 306, 29915, 345, 2355 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.726209	-1.372413	-1.645165	-1.091841
it all figured out, the realities of us both having careers which keep us on the road put our blossoming relationship on ice. It feels like the game just went into overtime and I'm on the verge of either the biggest win or most disappointing loss of my life. And losing is never an option. Download Kane: Print \| Audible (narrated by Jeremy York and Lessa Lamb) From New York Times Bestselling Author Sawyer Bennett comes the Chronicles of the Stone Veil, a five book urban fantasy/paranormal romance series. A departure from contemporary romance, the Chronicles of the Stone Veil is a return to fantasy/paranormal romance, where Sawyer started her fiction publishing journey. Readers can expect to find all the elements they love from Sawyer's books—strong heroines, alpha heroes, and an epic romance—with a fantastical element to add to their reading experience. Details for the Chronicles of the Stone Veil series are below: An Urban Fantasy / Paranormal Romance Series \| Coming February 9, 2021 PREORDER The Revelation of Light and Dark HERE: Chronicles of the Stone Veil, Book #2 \| Coming February 16, 2021 With more questions than answers, Finley Porter continues to seek the truth about her sister, Fallon, the powers held by the enigmatic and secretive Carrick Byrne, and how she fits into it all. When tragedy strikes one of her closest friends, Finley knows it's time to accept her fate. Armed with knowledge she never wanted and facing an enemy she never expected, Finley Porter is determined to learn the motives of the Dark Queen and how to stop her. And while Carrick Byrne continues to help Finley uncover the truth and hone her skills, she suspects his intentions may not be altruistic. As Finley Porter has learned, the truth is never as it seems. Dark Fae have been sent to destroy her, her past runs much deeper than she could ever imagine, and then there is the matter of Carrick Byrne. Frustrating and infuriating, he holds secrets that reveal the inexplicable connection they have, and that truth could be their undoing. The final battle is here, and Finley Porter and Carrick Byrne have determined the missing piece to defeating the Dark Queen. But all victories come at a price, and the cost may be more than they are prepared to pay. Sawyer Bennett is giving away a signed paperback of the first book in the Chronicles of the Stone Veil series, The Revelation of Light and Dark, and a $50 Amazon Gift Card. Fill out the form to enter to win. Giveaway ends September 18th. New York Times, USA Today, and Wall Street Journal Bestselling author Sawyer Bennett uses real life experience to create relatable stories that appeal to a wide array of readers. From contemporary romance, fantasy romance, and both women's and general fiction, Sawyer writes something for just about everyone. A former trial lawyer from North Carolina, when she is not bringing fiction to life, Sawyer is a chauffeur, stylist, chef, maid, and personal assistant to her very adorable daughter, as well as full-time servant to her wonderfully naughty dogs. If you'd like to receive a notification when Sawyer releases a new book, sign up for her newsletter (sawyerbennett.com/signup). FIND SAWYER BENNETT: Website \| Facebook \| Twitter \| Bookbub \| Instagram \| Goodreads \| Amazon JOIN SAWYER'S NEWSLETTER The Sawyer Bennett Bookstore is open! Looking to add some Sawyer Bennett books to your favorite bookshelf? Here's your chance! The Sawyer Bennett Bookstore is open until June 30 for your shopping needs/wants/desires! Order your favorites here: https://shop.sawyerbennett.com/ A couple things to note: * If you're international, please email me at sawyer@sawyerbennett.com to discuss shipping options. * Due to COVID-19, it is taking longer to get books from vendors, so please allow 4-6 weeks to receive your order. I do have some books on hand, so some orders may be received much sooner.	[ 372, 599, 14788, 714, 29892, 278, 1855, 1907, 310, 502, 1716, 2534, 2562, 414, 607, 3013, 502, 373, 278, 6520, 1925, 1749, 1999, 2209, 28826, 9443, 373, 14890, 29889, 13, 3112, 23880, 763, 278, 3748, 925, 3512, 964, 975, 2230, 322, 306, 29915, 29885, 373, 278, 1147, 479, 310, 2845, 278, 24842, 5401, 470, 1556, 23451, 292, 6410, 310, 590, 2834, 29889, 1126, 19035, 338, 2360, 385, 2984, 29889, 13, 22954, 476, 1662, 29901, 13, 11816, 891, 8612, 1821, 313, 29876, 2749, 630, 491, 5677, 6764, 3088, 322, 365, 9297, 26832, 29897, 13, 4591, 1570, 3088, 10277, 6407, 29879, 7807, 13361, 317, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 5304, 278, 15336, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 29892, 263, 5320, 3143, 17164, 13568, 8995, 29914, 862, 273, 2759, 6017, 749, 3652, 29889, 319, 25619, 515, 24952, 6017, 749, 29892, 278, 15336, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 338, 263, 736, 304, 13568, 8995, 29914, 862, 273, 2759, 6017, 749, 29892, 988, 317, 1450, 7598, 4687, 902, 24159, 27256, 16342, 29889, 7523, 414, 508, 2149, 304, 1284, 599, 278, 3161, 896, 5360, 515, 317, 1450, 7598, 29915, 29879, 8277, 30003, 1110, 13444, 1475, 29892, 15595, 13444, 267, 29892, 322, 385, 9358, 293, 6017, 749, 30003, 2541, 263, 13568, 579, 936, 1543, 304, 788, 304, 1009, 5183, 7271, 29889, 25577, 363, 278, 15336, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 3652, 526, 2400, 29901, 13, 2744, 22589, 18089, 8995, 847, 1459, 273, 2759, 6033, 749, 10488, 891, 422, 292, 6339, 29871, 29929, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 13, 15094, 22364, 450, 830, 955, 362, 310, 12790, 322, 15317, 379, 27267, 29901, 13, 11626, 265, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 29892, 6726, 396, 29906, 891, 422, 292, 6339, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 13, 3047, 901, 5155, 1135, 6089, 29892, 4231, 2330, 7102, 357, 18172, 304, 16508, 278, 8760, 1048, 902, 9883, 29892, 14053, 265, 29892, 278, 10801, 4934, 491, 278, 427, 335, 29885, 2454, 322, 7035, 573, 1704, 9131, 2648, 29878, 484, 29892, 322, 920, 1183, 23994, 964, 372, 599, 29889, 1932, 1020, 3192, 29891, 19492, 267, 697, 310, 902, 21438, 7875, 29892, 4231, 2330, 9906, 372, 29915, 29879, 931, 304, 3544, 902, 23779, 29889, 13, 1433, 2168, 411, 7134, 1183, 2360, 5131, 322, 14870, 385, 11103, 1183, 2360, 3806, 29892, 4231, 2330, 7102, 357, 338, 10087, 304, 5110, 278, 3184, 3145, 310, 278, 15317, 10470, 322, 920, 304, 5040, 902, 29889, 1126, 1550, 1704, 9131, 2648, 29878, 484, 18172, 304, 1371, 4231, 2330, 443, 11911, 278, 8760, 322, 298, 650, 902, 25078, 29892, 1183, 12326, 29879, 670, 7609, 1080, 1122, 451, 367, 394, 509, 29884, 4695, 29889, 13, 2887, 4231, 2330, 7102, 357, 756, 10972, 29892, 278, 8760, 338, 2360, 408, 372, 2444, 29889, 15317, 383, 3660, 505, 1063, 2665, 304, 8174, 902, 29892, 902, 4940, 6057, 1568, 25871, 1135, 1183, 1033, 3926, 14034, 29892, 322, 769, 727, 338, 278, 4383, 310, 1704, 9131, 2648, 29878, 484, 29889, 4693, 4627, 1218, 322, 3041, 5338, 1218, 29892, 540, 8640, 22183, 1372, 393, 10320, 284, 278, 297, 4548, 506, 519, 3957, 896, 505, 29892, 322, 393, 8760, 1033, 367, 1009, 563, 29877, 292, 29889, 13, 1576, 2186, 10555, 338, 1244, 29892, 322, 4231, 2330, 7102, 357, 322, 1704, 9131, 2648, 29878, 484, 505, 10087, 278, 4567, 8424, 304, 8686, 1218, 278, 15317, 10470, 29889, 1205, 599, 6879, 3842, 2041, 472, 263, 8666, 29892, 322, 278, 3438, 1122, 367, 901, 1135, 896, 526, 13240, 304, 5146, 29889, 13, 29903, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 338, 6820, 3448, 263, 8794, 5650, 1627, 310, 278, 937, 3143, 297, 278, 15336, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 3652, 29892, 450, 830, 955, 362, 310, 12790, 322, 15317, 29892, 322, 263, 395, 29945, 29900, 16631, 402, 2027, 9160, 29889, 383, 453, 714, 278, 883, 304, 3896, 304, 5401, 29889, 25538, 21694, 10614, 3839, 29871, 29896, 29947, 386, 29889, 13, 4373, 3088, 10277, 29892, 8278, 20628, 29892, 322, 14406, 7103, 8237, 6407, 29879, 7807, 4148, 317, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 3913, 1855, 2834, 7271, 304, 1653, 1104, 17219, 15874, 393, 25530, 304, 263, 9377, 1409, 310, 22176, 29889, 3645, 24952, 6017, 749, 29892, 13568, 8995, 6017, 749, 29892, 322, 1716, 5866, 29915, 29879, 322, 2498, 24159, 29892, 317, 1450, 7598, 15873, 1554, 363, 925, 1048, 14332, 29889, 13, 29909, 4642, 14260, 25008, 515, 4644, 13397, 29892, 746, 1183, 338, 451, 20794, 24159, 304, 2834, 29892, 317, 1450, 7598, 338, 263, 521, 28411, 5411, 29892, 15877, 1761, 29892, 14547, 29892, 611, 333, 29892, 322, 7333, 20255, 304, 902, 1407, 594, 272, 519, 8750, 29892, 408, 1532, 408, 2989, 29899, 2230, 21649, 304, 902, 4997, 3730, 302, 6482, 29891, 26361, 29889, 13, 3644, 366, 29915, 29881, 763, 304, 7150, 263, 12519, 746, 317, 1450, 7598, 27474, 263, 716, 3143, 29892, 1804, 701, 363, 902, 9763, 15670, 313, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 4530, 786, 467, 13, 29943, 22255, 16698, 29956, 29979, 1001, 350, 1430, 6006, 29911, 29901, 13, 3609, 2746, 891, 13327, 891, 20147, 891, 6726, 29890, 431, 891, 2799, 14442, 891, 7197, 949, 29879, 891, 16631, 13, 29967, 6992, 16698, 29956, 29979, 1001, 29915, 29903, 14693, 7811, 1307, 29911, 4945, 13, 1576, 317, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 6726, 8899, 338, 1722, 29991, 13, 14959, 292, 304, 788, 777, 317, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 8277, 304, 596, 25448, 3143, 845, 761, 29973, 2266, 29915, 29879, 596, 8825, 29991, 450, 317, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 6726, 8899, 338, 1722, 2745, 5306, 29871, 29941, 29900, 363, 596, 17394, 3262, 4225, 29914, 29893, 1934, 29914, 2783, 2658, 29991, 13, 7514, 596, 7853, 3246, 1244, 29901, 2045, 597, 19032, 29889, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 13, 29909, 7303, 2712, 304, 4443, 29901, 13, 29930, 960, 366, 29915, 276, 6121, 29892, 3113, 4876, 592, 472, 4446, 7598, 29992, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 304, 5353, 528, 17347, 3987, 29889, 13, 29930, 16809, 304, 19937, 29899, 29896, 29929, 29892, 372, 338, 5622, 5520, 304, 679, 8277, 515, 9691, 943, 29892, 577, 3113, 2758, 29871, 29946, 29899, 29953, 11405, 304, 7150, 596, 1797, 29889, 306, 437, 505, 777, 8277, 373, 1361, 29892, 577, 777, 11299, 1122, 367, 4520, 1568, 29548, 29889, 13 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.840325	-1.086089	-1.06954	-0.772144
* The store is only open until June 30, so if you're interested in shopping, don't wait too long! 😉 Happy shopping! xoxo Wicked Secret (Wicked Horse Vegas, Book #8) Those that truly know August Greenfield, will tell you that I live my life to the fullest. Work hard as part of the team at Jameson Force Security but play just as hard at The Wicked Horse Vegas. I have no regrets about my life. Well, maybe just one. Leighton Hale was my first love and the woman I wanted to spend my life with, but one day she was just gone. Vanished without a trace. Even my extensive contacts as part of the team at Jameson left me empty-handed in my search for answers. My single remorse is never being able to find out what happened to her, because no matter how difficult the truth may be, it can't be as bad as never knowing at all. Ten years later, a knock on my front door brings me face-to-face with the woman I thought I'd never see again and nothing in my life could have prepared me for the secrets she holds. Download Wicked Secret: Print \| Audible (narrated by Lance Greenfield and Kirsten Leigh) Welcome the 8th Annual Mental Health Awareness Month Book Fundraiser benefiting the Keith Milano Memorial Fund at the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention. For the 8th year, an amazing group of authors have generously agreed to donate, in Keith name, a portion of their May book sales to help raise awareness for mental health …. for the 8th year people who never knew Keith are coming together to make a difference. How do you thank a community that has helped you keep your brother's spirit alive—a community that helped you keep a promise made to him after he passed. 15 years ago when we lost Keith, we decided he would not go quietly, that we would fight for mental health awareness, fight to bring mental illness out of the darkness in his name. At the time we had no idea what that would mean, where our journey would take us or that this community would embrace the cause and join us in the fight. This event was born organically out of us sharing Keith's story and our family's mission and we are humbled at how his story has resonated with so many. We continue to share his story and hope you will join us in making mental health a priority. By sharing your truth, the dialogue can continue to help others feel less alone and more likely to get help. Our family is so touched by how this community has embraced this cause. With Deepest Gratitude, Denise Milano Sprung Here is how you can help raise money and awareness for mental health: Purchase a book from the amazing books listed below! We hope you will #1click4charity a number of these amazing books! Please note that although below are Amazon Kindle links, the portion of sales is from any platform: digital, print and audio. Share the image below or any of the custom photos the participating authors share on social media to raise awareness and to show your support. Make a tax-deductible donation directly to the Keith Milano Memorial Fund at AFSP. Thank you in advance for your support as we work to bring mental illness out of the darkness. 8th Annual Mental Health Awareness Book Fundraiser Buy Link Alice Archer The Infinite Onion https://amzn.to/2Kas0P3 Alison G Bailey https://amzn.to/3a72DrS Alyson Santos Night Shifts Black (NSB #1) https://amzn.to/3cmFzHb Tracing Holland (NSB #2) https://amzn.to/2RFB02K Viper (NSB #3) https://amzn.to/2VApmHL Limelight (NSB #4) https://amzn.to/2Vcd0qj An NSB Wedding (NSB #5) https://amzn.to/3bowRZ3 NSB Boxset https://amzn.to/34G9KXd Rising West: A Turner Artist Rocker Novel https://amzn.to/3eoS7zs Falling North: A Turner Artist Rocker Novel https://amzn.	[ 29930, 450, 3787, 338, 871, 1722, 2745, 5306, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29892, 577, 565, 366, 29915, 276, 8852, 297, 17394, 3262, 29892, 1016, 29915, 29873, 4480, 2086, 1472, 29991, 29871, 243, 162, 155, 140, 13, 29950, 14862, 17394, 3262, 29991, 921, 2251, 29877, 13, 29956, 17840, 10213, 313, 29956, 17840, 6912, 344, 17236, 294, 29892, 6726, 396, 29947, 29897, 13, 1349, 852, 393, 19781, 1073, 3111, 7646, 2671, 29892, 674, 2649, 366, 393, 306, 5735, 590, 2834, 304, 278, 2989, 342, 29889, 5244, 2898, 408, 760, 310, 278, 3815, 472, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 541, 1708, 925, 408, 2898, 472, 450, 399, 17840, 6912, 344, 17236, 294, 29889, 306, 505, 694, 1072, 27487, 1048, 590, 2834, 29889, 13, 11284, 29892, 5505, 925, 697, 29889, 13, 3226, 523, 265, 379, 744, 471, 590, 937, 5360, 322, 278, 6114, 306, 5131, 304, 18864, 590, 2834, 411, 29892, 541, 697, 2462, 1183, 471, 925, 7695, 29889, 6556, 3276, 1728, 263, 9637, 29889, 7753, 590, 20607, 25957, 408, 760, 310, 278, 3815, 472, 5011, 265, 2175, 592, 4069, 29899, 3179, 287, 297, 590, 2740, 363, 6089, 29889, 1619, 2323, 1083, 272, 344, 338, 2360, 1641, 2221, 304, 1284, 714, 825, 9559, 304, 902, 29892, 1363, 694, 4383, 920, 5189, 278, 8760, 1122, 367, 29892, 372, 508, 29915, 29873, 367, 408, 4319, 408, 2360, 13797, 472, 599, 29889, 13, 29911, 264, 2440, 2678, 29892, 263, 18232, 373, 590, 4565, 3050, 23522, 592, 3700, 29899, 517, 29899, 2161, 411, 278, 6114, 306, 2714, 306, 29915, 29881, 2360, 1074, 1449, 322, 3078, 297, 590, 2834, 1033, 505, 13240, 592, 363, 278, 22183, 1372, 1183, 8640, 29889, 13, 22954, 399, 17840, 10213, 29901, 13, 11816, 891, 8612, 1821, 313, 29876, 2749, 630, 491, 365, 749, 7646, 2671, 322, 476, 765, 264, 951, 1141, 29897, 13, 28862, 2763, 278, 29871, 29947, 386, 8081, 950, 341, 13703, 15202, 319, 4495, 18543, 23471, 6726, 13249, 336, 7608, 7795, 11407, 278, 27179, 16350, 19722, 13249, 472, 278, 3082, 10606, 363, 2166, 293, 680, 4721, 7316, 29889, 13, 2831, 278, 29871, 29947, 386, 1629, 29892, 385, 21863, 292, 2318, 310, 15717, 505, 1176, 5794, 15502, 304, 1016, 403, 29892, 297, 27179, 1024, 29892, 263, 11910, 310, 1009, 2610, 3143, 16538, 304, 1371, 12020, 3773, 8326, 404, 363, 19119, 9045, 16088, 29889, 363, 278, 29871, 29947, 386, 1629, 2305, 1058, 2360, 6363, 27179, 526, 6421, 4208, 304, 1207, 263, 4328, 29889, 13, 5328, 437, 366, 6452, 263, 7881, 393, 756, 9213, 366, 3013, 596, 8099, 29915, 29879, 8548, 18758, 30003, 29874, 7881, 393, 9213, 366, 3013, 263, 11640, 1754, 304, 1075, 1156, 540, 4502, 29889, 13, 29896, 29945, 2440, 8020, 746, 591, 5714, 27179, 29892, 591, 8459, 540, 723, 451, 748, 25970, 29892, 393, 591, 723, 8589, 363, 19119, 9045, 3773, 8326, 404, 29892, 8589, 304, 6963, 19119, 4486, 2264, 714, 310, 278, 23490, 297, 670, 1024, 29889, 2180, 278, 931, 591, 750, 694, 2969, 825, 393, 723, 2099, 29892, 988, 1749, 16342, 723, 2125, 502, 470, 393, 445, 7881, 723, 953, 13842, 278, 4556, 322, 5988, 502, 297, 278, 8589, 29889, 13, 4013, 1741, 471, 6345, 2894, 1711, 714, 310, 502, 19383, 27179, 29915, 29879, 5828, 322, 1749, 3942, 29915, 29879, 10655, 322, 591, 526, 3165, 27225, 472, 920, 670, 5828, 756, 27396, 630, 411, 577, 1784, 29889, 1334, 6773, 304, 6232, 670, 5828, 322, 4966, 366, 674, 5988, 502, 297, 3907, 19119, 9045, 263, 20136, 29889, 2648, 19383, 596, 8760, 29892, 278, 7928, 434, 508, 6773, 304, 1371, 4045, 4459, 3109, 7432, 322, 901, 5517, 304, 679, 1371, 29889, 13, 29949, 332, 3942, 338, 577, 23051, 491, 920, 445, 7881, 756, 7232, 945, 287, 445, 4556, 29889, 13, 3047, 21784, 342, 1632, 271, 4279, 29892, 13, 29315, 895, 16350, 14314, 686, 13, 10605, 338, 920, 366, 508, 1371, 12020, 6909, 322, 3773, 8326, 404, 363, 19119, 9045, 29901, 13, 29925, 27574, 263, 3143, 515, 278, 21863, 292, 8277, 9904, 2400, 29991, 1334, 4966, 366, 674, 396, 29896, 3808, 29946, 3090, 537, 263, 1353, 310, 1438, 21863, 292, 8277, 29991, 3529, 4443, 393, 5998, 2400, 526, 16631, 13187, 280, 2988, 29892, 278, 11910, 310, 16538, 338, 515, 738, 7481, 29901, 13436, 29892, 1596, 322, 10348, 29889, 13, 2713, 598, 278, 1967, 2400, 470, 738, 310, 278, 2888, 20612, 278, 5221, 1218, 15717, 6232, 373, 5264, 5745, 304, 12020, 3773, 8326, 404, 322, 304, 1510, 596, 2304, 29889, 13, 9984, 263, 8818, 29899, 7176, 5313, 1821, 1016, 362, 4153, 304, 278, 27179, 16350, 19722, 13249, 472, 23844, 5550, 29889, 13, 25271, 366, 297, 6564, 363, 596, 2304, 408, 591, 664, 304, 6963, 19119, 4486, 2264, 714, 310, 278, 23490, 29889, 13, 29947, 386, 8081, 950, 341, 13703, 15202, 319, 4495, 18543, 6726, 13249, 336, 7608, 13, 3727, 29891, 6645, 13, 29909, 5897, 2595, 261, 13, 1576, 512, 18925, 1551, 291, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29968, 294, 29900, 29925, 29941, 13, 2499, 2285, 402, 6000, 15168, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29874, 29955, 29906, 25639, 29903, 13, 29909, 368, 1100, 24813, 13, 29940, 523, 1383, 17741, 6054, 313, 29940, 1744, 396, 29896, 29897, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 4912, 29943, 29920, 29950, 29890, 13, 29911, 945, 292, 20262, 313, 29940, 1744, 396, 29906, 29897, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29934, 18426, 29900, 29906, 29968, 13, 29963, 29875, 546, 313, 29940, 1744, 396, 29941, 29897, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 20449, 3358, 15444, 13, 29931, 326, 295, 523, 313, 29940, 1744, 396, 29946, 29897, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 2252, 29900, 29939, 29926, 13, 2744, 405, 1744, 15050, 8497, 313, 29940, 1744, 396, 29945, 29897, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 17729, 29934, 29999, 29941, 13, 29940, 1744, 11773, 842, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29946, 29954, 29929, 29968, 29990, 29881, 13, 29934, 5921, 3122, 29901, 319, 24215, 3012, 391, 1528, 4937, 2864, 295, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29872, 29877, 29903, 29955, 22381, 13, 29943, 27855, 4644, 29901, 319, 24215, 3012, 391, 1528, 4937, 2864, 295, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.663716	-1.509978	-0.981672	-0.476795
to/2RHaDtk Haunted Melody: A Ghost Story https://amzn.to/2RHUVxZ https://amzn.to/3cmKgAC https://amzn.to/2VArgIp https://amzn.to/2V9qy5Q https://amzn.to/3eotJxT Brenda Rothert https://amzn.to/2xwKeHJ https://amzn.to/3aghmAF https://amzn.to/2yVQM2T https://amzn.to/3emxUKF https://amzn.to/3bcYNP7 https://amzn.to/3abm4jn Cara Dee Path of Destruction https://amzn.to/3cjZZAp https://amzn.to/2RACg7l Carly Phillips Dare to Resist https://amzn.to/2KkzgYR Danielle Pearl https://amzn.to/2K8nMr8 https://amzn.to/2K4RTzP ES Carter Favourite Hello. Hardest Goodbye. https://amzn.to/3benDy7 https://amzn.to/2KaeB9M Ginger Scott Wild Reckless https://amzn.to/2XCOXlO Drummer Girl https://amzn.to/2VbjdCN Cowboy, Villian, Damsel, Duel https://amzn.to/3eoVfeG Jennifer L. Allen Our Moon https://amzn.to/3bdoYFE Hearts in the Sand https://amzn.to/3ckIpwd https://amzn.to/2VctM8y Here Without You https://amzn.to/2Vcq6E0 use this cover https://amzn.to/3ae2kLX K Bromberg https://amzn.to/2RF9pig Kandi Steiner On the Way to You https://amzn.to/2RFJFlD Karen Booth Rock Starred https://amzn.to/2RDvcXG Love Plus One https://amzn.to/34DGqR7 The KISS Principle https://amzn.to/2K73huV Kelly Jensen Chaos Station https://amzn.to/3eoCWpX and Jenn Burke Lonely Shore https://amzn.to/2xAKPZ1 Skip Trace https://amzn.to/3bd12Cf Inversion Point https://amzn.to/2VaBAYj Phase Shift https://amzn.to/2XEYB7q https://amzn.to/3cj9pME Laurelin Paige Sweet Liar https://amzn.to/3equhU8 Leylah Attar Moti on the Water https://amzn.to/3cmtEcl M. Jayne https://amzn.to/2VBbeh8 Melanie Harlow https://amzn.to/2Vz5Ivo Melanie Moreland Changing Roles https://amzn.to/2XCBYk1 The Summer of Us https://amzn.to/2z7c91z Vested Interest Books 1- 6 https://amzn.to/2XEUB7a The Contract Series (3 books) https://amzn.to/2VaMjSy Natasha Madison Southern Chance https://amzn.to/2XEUCbe Nicole Edwards The Walkers of Coyote Ridge series https://amzn.to/2wHEA5f https://amzn.to/2VaENXP https://amzn.to/2RIDGNb Hard to Hold https://amzn.to/2RIjF9g https://amzn.to/2XEUGYw https://amzn.to/2XFdUgC https://amzn.to/2Va	[ 517, 29914, 29906, 29934, 24704, 29928, 11178, 13, 24704, 28000, 6286, 1486, 29901, 319, 28484, 13740, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29934, 29950, 29965, 29963, 29916, 29999, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 4912, 29968, 29887, 2477, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 8559, 29902, 29886, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 29929, 29939, 29891, 29945, 29984, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29872, 327, 29967, 29916, 29911, 13, 12432, 8395, 21790, 814, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29916, 29893, 9598, 29950, 29967, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 351, 7184, 5098, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29891, 29963, 29984, 29924, 29906, 29911, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 331, 29916, 19960, 29943, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 12328, 29979, 25500, 29955, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 370, 29885, 29946, 29926, 29876, 13, 29907, 2518, 897, 29872, 13, 2605, 310, 15435, 4080, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29883, 29926, 29999, 29999, 17396, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29934, 2477, 29887, 29955, 29880, 13, 8179, 368, 21856, 4512, 13, 29928, 598, 304, 2538, 391, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29968, 29895, 29920, 29887, 29979, 29934, 13, 18529, 11381, 21265, 29880, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29968, 29947, 29876, 20335, 29947, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29968, 29946, 13079, 29920, 29925, 13, 2890, 22264, 13, 29943, 485, 473, 568, 15043, 29889, 10999, 342, 7197, 26966, 29889, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 1785, 29928, 29891, 29955, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29968, 3660, 29933, 29929, 29924, 13, 29954, 5621, 8075, 13, 29956, 789, 830, 384, 2222, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29990, 3217, 29990, 29880, 29949, 13, 29928, 5848, 1050, 18620, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 29890, 26012, 13778, 13, 29907, 340, 19415, 29892, 9887, 713, 29892, 360, 2232, 295, 29892, 360, 2491, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29872, 29877, 29963, 1725, 29954, 13, 29967, 2108, 9633, 365, 29889, 16092, 13, 29949, 332, 17549, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29890, 1867, 29979, 16359, 13, 3868, 5708, 297, 278, 8564, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 384, 29902, 29886, 9970, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 312, 29924, 29947, 29891, 13, 10605, 13932, 887, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 29883, 29939, 29953, 29923, 29900, 13, 1509, 445, 4612, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 3660, 29906, 29895, 29931, 29990, 13, 29968, 350, 456, 2552, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29934, 29943, 29929, 29886, 335, 13, 29968, 392, 29875, 2443, 4983, 13, 2951, 278, 5307, 304, 887, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29934, 29943, 29967, 8754, 29928, 13, 29968, 8326, 1952, 720, 13, 29934, 1698, 7828, 1127, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29934, 29928, 7071, 29990, 29954, 13, 29931, 994, 15113, 3118, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29946, 29928, 29954, 29939, 29934, 29955, 13, 1576, 476, 29902, 1799, 14771, 552, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29968, 29955, 29941, 6905, 29963, 13, 29968, 14112, 435, 14762, 13, 1451, 29874, 359, 12039, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29872, 29877, 29907, 29956, 29886, 29990, 13, 392, 23774, 6640, 446, 13, 29931, 265, 873, 1383, 487, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29916, 22311, 29925, 29999, 29896, 13, 15797, 666, 20597, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 6448, 29896, 29906, 29907, 29888, 13, 797, 3259, 8984, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 29874, 5688, 29979, 29926, 13, 4819, 559, 1383, 2027, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29990, 13282, 29933, 29955, 29939, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29883, 29926, 29929, 29886, 2303, 13, 5661, 545, 1915, 2621, 2231, 13, 29903, 16668, 2718, 279, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 1686, 29882, 29965, 29947, 13, 29931, 1032, 8083, 6212, 279, 13, 29924, 15297, 373, 278, 13062, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29883, 4378, 29923, 695, 13, 29924, 29889, 19556, 484, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 24281, 915, 29882, 29947, 13, 29924, 295, 6067, 3536, 677, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 29920, 29945, 29902, 1365, 13, 29924, 295, 6067, 3879, 14045, 13, 1451, 9776, 390, 6544, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29990, 21685, 29979, 29895, 29896, 13, 1576, 13329, 310, 10783, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29920, 29955, 29883, 29929, 29896, 29920, 13, 29963, 2868, 23829, 13730, 29871, 29896, 29899, 29871, 29953, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29990, 29923, 7466, 29955, 29874, 13, 1576, 2866, 1461, 10488, 313, 29941, 8277, 29897, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 29874, 29924, 29926, 29903, 29891, 13, 29940, 271, 26840, 4104, 2285, 13, 29903, 283, 5063, 678, 749, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29990, 29923, 23129, 915, 13, 29940, 23249, 29174, 13, 1576, 12878, 414, 310, 3189, 29891, 866, 390, 5525, 3652, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29893, 9606, 29909, 29945, 29888, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 29874, 1430, 29990, 29925, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29934, 1367, 20728, 29890, 13, 29950, 538, 304, 21771, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 3960, 29926, 29943, 29929, 29887, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29990, 29923, 23338, 29979, 29893, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29990, 29943, 29881, 29965, 29887, 29907, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 29874 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-1.757185	-2.543015	-2.344522	-2.382016
CfJh A Coyote Ridge Christmas https://amzn.to/3bcaDcB https://amzn.to/3ck45bW Piper Rayne Flirting with Fire (Blue Collar Brothers #1) https://amzn.to/34GJw6J Raine Miller Puck Money https://amzn.to/2Ka5iXm https://amzn.to/3esoUUj Wylde: Arizona Vengeance https://amzn.to/34Cr92S Sierra Simone https://amzn.to/3cmRODs Virna De Paul Going Deep Football Series https://amzn.to/3baEemI Down Deep https://amzn.to/3bddW31 Royally Deep https://amzn.to/2K4SqSl https://amzn.to/3er0lHB https://amzn.to/2z74X5z ⭐ Keith Milano Memorial Fund ⭐ 140 Adams Ave, Suite B-12 Fund Information: The Keith Milano Memorial Fund was established to help raise awareness about the devastating and deadly disease that is mental illness. Keith's spirit and laughter is kept alive through our efforts to increase awareness about mental illness and to raise money for education and imperative research. Keith often struggled with society's perception of mental illness. Our hope is that by having the strength to say that Keith was "Bipolar" we can strip away the stigma and help others to be more open about their disease. If you want to know more about Keith or why Denise does what she does, here is short video/interview that speaks to that! The Keith Milano Memorial Fund benefits the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (AFSP). At the end of the event, participating authors pay AFSP directly. AFSP is the only national not-for-profit organization exclusively dedicated to understanding and preventing suicide through research and education, and to reaching out to people with mood disorders and those affected by suicide. AFSP is a fully accredited 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization incorporated in the state of Delaware with primary offices in New York City. Federal tax ID # is 13-3393329. ENTER TO WIN a $50 Amazon gift card in the new release celebration giveaway: https://sawyerbennett.com/giveaways/code-name-hacker/ I'm not the same Bebe Grimshaw I was years ago. The woman I was spent years behind the bars of the highest security women's prison in the nation, my punishment for hacking nuclear codes as part of a crime syndicate I'd gotten in way too deep with. The woman I am today doesn't regret what I did, or the fact that I got caught, but I am remorseful for the years I lost with my son, Aaron. Released from my sentence early thanks to Kynan McGrath, I joined his team at Jameson Force Security and now put my skills to use helping people. I'm just trying to get back a piece of what I lost, focusing solely on raising Aaron and my work at Jameson. As long as I have my son and my career, I'm content. But life has a funny way of letting you know exactly what you need, and when a devastatingly handsome stranger named Griffin befriends Aaron at the park, I have to consider I might be missing something. A part of me that was locked away long ago reawakens, and I find myself looking at Griff in a way I've not looked at a man in more than a decade. Just when I think things are starting to look up, my world is turned upside down. Turns out that meeting wasn't an accident, and things aren't going my way at all. Griffin Moore is the man sent here to kill me. All books in the Jameson Force Security series can be read as standalones. See the entire series here: https://sawyerbennett.com/bookstore/jameson-force-security-series/ DOMINIK is a standalone hockey romance about Dominik Carlson, the alpha billionaire team owner of the Arizona Vengeance, and Willow Monahan, the strong-willed sister of one of his star	[ 29907, 29888, 29967, 29882, 13, 29909, 3189, 29891, 866, 390, 5525, 17661, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29890, 1113, 29928, 29883, 29933, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 384, 29946, 29945, 29890, 29956, 13, 12197, 546, 9596, 484, 13, 8754, 381, 1259, 411, 6438, 313, 21319, 1530, 4675, 25522, 396, 29896, 29897, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29946, 29954, 29967, 29893, 29953, 29967, 13, 29934, 9874, 16498, 13, 29925, 2707, 341, 4992, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29968, 29874, 29945, 29875, 29990, 29885, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 20135, 29965, 29965, 29926, 13, 29956, 2904, 311, 29901, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29946, 20647, 29929, 29906, 29903, 13, 29903, 11617, 3439, 650, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 4912, 1672, 29928, 29879, 13, 29963, 381, 1056, 897, 3739, 13, 8120, 292, 21784, 8914, 10488, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 2291, 29923, 331, 29902, 13, 6767, 21784, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29890, 1289, 29956, 29941, 29896, 13, 9588, 29891, 635, 21784, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29968, 29946, 29903, 29939, 16973, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 261, 29900, 29880, 29950, 29933, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29920, 29955, 29946, 29990, 29945, 29920, 13, 229, 176, 147, 27179, 16350, 19722, 13249, 29871, 229, 176, 147, 13, 29896, 29946, 29900, 20359, 319, 345, 29892, 2166, 568, 350, 29899, 29896, 29906, 13, 29943, 870, 10343, 29901, 13, 1576, 27179, 16350, 19722, 13249, 471, 7841, 304, 1371, 12020, 3773, 8326, 404, 1048, 278, 2906, 579, 1218, 322, 7123, 368, 17135, 393, 338, 19119, 4486, 2264, 29889, 27179, 29915, 29879, 8548, 322, 10569, 357, 338, 8126, 18758, 1549, 1749, 14231, 304, 7910, 3773, 8326, 404, 1048, 19119, 4486, 2264, 322, 304, 12020, 6909, 363, 9793, 322, 10112, 1230, 5925, 29889, 27179, 4049, 10205, 839, 411, 12459, 29915, 29879, 639, 1441, 310, 19119, 4486, 2264, 29889, 8680, 4966, 338, 393, 491, 2534, 278, 9324, 304, 1827, 393, 27179, 471, 376, 29933, 666, 10170, 29908, 591, 508, 17820, 3448, 278, 380, 2934, 322, 1371, 4045, 304, 367, 901, 1722, 1048, 1009, 17135, 29889, 13, 3644, 366, 864, 304, 1073, 901, 1048, 27179, 470, 2020, 3384, 895, 947, 825, 1183, 947, 29892, 1244, 338, 3273, 4863, 29914, 1639, 1493, 393, 7726, 29879, 304, 393, 29991, 13, 1576, 27179, 16350, 19722, 13249, 23633, 278, 3082, 10606, 363, 2166, 293, 680, 4721, 7316, 313, 5098, 5550, 467, 2180, 278, 1095, 310, 278, 1741, 29892, 5221, 1218, 15717, 5146, 23844, 5550, 4153, 29889, 13, 5098, 5550, 338, 278, 871, 4797, 451, 29899, 1454, 29899, 771, 9202, 13013, 13489, 3598, 16955, 304, 8004, 322, 5557, 292, 23921, 680, 1549, 5925, 322, 9793, 29892, 322, 304, 20888, 714, 304, 2305, 411, 286, 2092, 766, 20488, 322, 1906, 15201, 491, 23921, 680, 29889, 23844, 5550, 338, 263, 8072, 1035, 1127, 1573, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29896, 29898, 29883, 5033, 29941, 29897, 8818, 29899, 735, 3456, 13013, 11039, 630, 297, 278, 2106, 310, 5556, 28327, 411, 7601, 25222, 297, 1570, 3088, 4412, 29889, 14879, 8818, 3553, 396, 338, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29899, 29941, 29941, 29929, 29941, 29941, 29906, 29929, 29889, 13, 3919, 1001, 7495, 399, 1177, 263, 395, 29945, 29900, 16631, 19797, 5881, 297, 278, 716, 6507, 10894, 362, 2367, 21694, 29901, 2045, 597, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 29887, 573, 1450, 1036, 29914, 401, 29899, 978, 29899, 29882, 28940, 29914, 13, 29902, 29915, 29885, 451, 278, 1021, 350, 774, 29872, 1632, 326, 845, 1450, 306, 471, 2440, 8020, 29889, 450, 6114, 306, 471, 10398, 2440, 5742, 278, 22306, 310, 278, 9939, 6993, 5866, 29915, 29879, 8475, 297, 278, 5233, 29892, 590, 6035, 18310, 363, 15833, 292, 20346, 11561, 408, 760, 310, 263, 17268, 22898, 9593, 306, 29915, 29881, 2355, 841, 297, 982, 2086, 6483, 411, 29889, 450, 6114, 306, 626, 9826, 1838, 29915, 29873, 28883, 825, 306, 1258, 29892, 470, 278, 2114, 393, 306, 2355, 12624, 29892, 541, 306, 626, 1083, 272, 344, 1319, 363, 278, 2440, 306, 5714, 411, 590, 1487, 29892, 319, 5022, 29889, 830, 4611, 515, 590, 10541, 4688, 3969, 304, 476, 948, 273, 4052, 3338, 493, 29892, 306, 8772, 670, 3815, 472, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 322, 1286, 1925, 590, 25078, 304, 671, 19912, 2305, 29889, 13, 29902, 29915, 29885, 925, 1811, 304, 679, 1250, 263, 8424, 310, 825, 306, 5714, 29892, 12789, 4746, 14419, 368, 373, 29263, 319, 5022, 322, 590, 664, 472, 5011, 265, 29889, 1094, 1472, 408, 306, 505, 590, 1487, 322, 590, 6413, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 2793, 29889, 1205, 2834, 756, 263, 2090, 1460, 982, 310, 27697, 366, 1073, 3721, 825, 366, 817, 29892, 322, 746, 263, 2906, 579, 1218, 368, 1361, 5372, 26507, 4257, 22990, 262, 367, 7932, 1975, 319, 5022, 472, 278, 14089, 29892, 306, 505, 304, 2050, 306, 1795, 367, 4567, 1554, 29889, 319, 760, 310, 592, 393, 471, 22822, 3448, 1472, 8020, 337, 1450, 557, 575, 29892, 322, 306, 1284, 6142, 3063, 472, 22990, 297, 263, 982, 306, 29915, 345, 451, 5148, 472, 263, 767, 297, 901, 1135, 263, 316, 6332, 29889, 13, 14084, 746, 306, 1348, 2712, 526, 6257, 304, 1106, 701, 29892, 590, 3186, 338, 6077, 24081, 680, 1623, 29889, 9603, 29879, 714, 393, 11781, 9007, 29915, 29873, 385, 11423, 29892, 322, 2712, 9455, 29915, 29873, 2675, 590, 982, 472, 599, 29889, 13, 3338, 2593, 262, 18588, 338, 278, 767, 2665, 1244, 304, 12088, 592, 29889, 13, 3596, 8277, 297, 278, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 3652, 508, 367, 1303, 408, 2317, 284, 2873, 29889, 2823, 278, 4152, 3652, 1244, 29901, 2045, 597, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 2909, 8899, 29914, 29926, 1280, 265, 29899, 10118, 29899, 8926, 29899, 13757, 29914, 13, 3970, 16173, 23328, 338, 263, 2317, 18785, 18881, 6017, 749, 1048, 13298, 638, 8965, 1100, 29892, 278, 15595, 24464, 5218, 3815, 12271, 310, 278, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 322, 2811, 340, 2598, 801, 273, 29892, 278, 4549, 29899, 29893, 24455, 9883, 310, 697, 310, 670, 5810 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.411561	-1.578761	-1.202238	-1.31193
players. Dominik is looking to win more than just a championship—he's looking to win Willow's heart. See what readers are saying about DOMINIK: ► Holy, sweet mother of pearl this book was worth the wait!! ► Hands down, my fav book in this series. ► I actually gasped out loud at one point in the book. You know what you did, Sawyer. YOU KNOW!!!!!! Download DOMINIK: Amazon \| Nook \| Apple \| Kobo \| Google \| Print \| Audible (narrated by Christian Fox and Erin Mallon) About DOMINIK: I built myself up from nothing. A product of the foster care system, I learned early on how to fight hard to get what I want. Whether it was starting my first company in college, earning my first billion, or buying my first professional sports team, I know how to get what I want, when I want it. Willow Monahan is fierce, independent, and hot as hell. She also takes great pleasure in shutting down my advances. The younger sister of one of my star players, Willow intrigues me to my very core. And while she may have willingly given me her body, she is hesitant to offer up more. Now I'm on a mission to find out why. I've decided to approach my desire for Willow like I've approached much of my life; with persistence, determination, and a whole lot of that Dominik Carlson alpha charm. Buying a hockey expansion team, building the Arizona Vengeance from the ground up, and bringing home a championship may prove to be an easier feat than winning Willow's heart. But I've never been a quitter. Willow Monahan… I'm coming for you. Code Name: Heist (Jameson Force Security, Book #3) I am a world-class thief. Or I was, before I got pinched and landed in prison. After I served my time, I decided to get on the right side of the law, or as much as my job at Jameson Force Security allows. The lines sometimes blur, which suits me just fine. My name might be Saint, but I'm a devil to most. My plan to go legitimate is going as anticipated, until my past and present collide in a big way. While in Paris preparing to take down a ring of highly specialized thieves, I come face-to-face with my biggest threat—and my most dangerous temptation. Sindaria "Sin" Westin was the love of my life, until her betrayal landed me behind bars. Now I've got to find a way to trust her again, at least long enough to pull off this job. When it becomes clear the price for this heist will be our lives, I realize I need to do whatever it takes to keep Sin safe, even if it means trading my life for hers. Because no matter the lies I've told myself, Sin's greatest theft was the day she stole my heart. Download Code Name: Heist: Amazon \| B&N \| Apple \| Google Play \| Kobo \| Paperback \| Audible We are staying the course in 2020, which means more Jameson Force Security, more Wicked Horse Vegas, more Arizona Vengeance. Here is what's coming in 2020! (click the book title for full details and links) Code Name: Heist (Jameson Force Security, Book #3) – releases January 7 They were once partners in crime and lovers, but her betrayal sent him to prison. Forced to work together once again, their past not distant enough to erase the feelings they once had, these lovers have a second chance. If they live long enough to see it. Dominik (Arizona Vengeance, Book #6) – releases February 18 He's the billionaire team owner of the Arizona Vengeance. She's the relationship averse sister of one of his star players. Thankfully, Dominik Carlson isn't one to back down from a challenge. Code Name: Hacker (Jameson Force Security, Book #4) – releases March 31 Having joined the team at Jameson after a stint in prison, Bebe Grimshaw is looking to start over and be a mom to the child she missed years with as a result of her sentence. But when a handsome stranger befriends her son at the park, she doesn't know that their meeting wasn't by chance	[ 10769, 29889, 13298, 638, 338, 3063, 304, 5401, 901, 1135, 925, 263, 22401, 30003, 354, 29915, 29879, 3063, 304, 5401, 2811, 340, 29915, 29879, 5192, 29889, 13, 13393, 825, 22176, 526, 5934, 1048, 12369, 1177, 23328, 29901, 13, 30318, 17733, 29892, 14225, 5637, 310, 282, 799, 29880, 445, 3143, 471, 7088, 278, 4480, 6824, 13, 30318, 379, 4167, 1623, 29892, 590, 5025, 3143, 297, 445, 3652, 29889, 13, 30318, 306, 2869, 330, 4692, 287, 714, 22526, 472, 697, 1298, 297, 278, 3143, 29889, 887, 1073, 825, 366, 1258, 29892, 317, 1450, 7598, 29889, 612, 27269, 476, 6632, 29956, 6824, 6824, 6824, 13, 22954, 12369, 1177, 23328, 29901, 13, 29909, 655, 6626, 891, 1939, 554, 891, 12113, 891, 28014, 29877, 891, 5087, 891, 13905, 891, 8612, 1821, 313, 29876, 2749, 630, 491, 6111, 14802, 322, 1425, 262, 23809, 265, 29897, 13, 28173, 12369, 1177, 23328, 29901, 13, 29902, 4240, 6142, 701, 515, 3078, 29889, 319, 3234, 310, 278, 9926, 261, 2562, 1788, 29892, 306, 10972, 4688, 373, 920, 304, 8589, 2898, 304, 679, 825, 306, 864, 29889, 26460, 372, 471, 6257, 590, 937, 5001, 297, 12755, 29892, 2326, 1076, 590, 937, 24464, 29892, 470, 1321, 5414, 590, 937, 10257, 14717, 3815, 29892, 306, 1073, 920, 304, 679, 825, 306, 864, 29892, 746, 306, 864, 372, 29889, 13, 12984, 340, 2598, 801, 273, 338, 21334, 346, 29892, 7417, 29892, 322, 7375, 408, 23927, 29889, 2296, 884, 4893, 2107, 15377, 297, 12522, 1259, 1623, 590, 3061, 2925, 29889, 450, 20023, 9883, 310, 697, 310, 590, 5810, 10769, 29892, 2811, 340, 11158, 335, 1041, 592, 304, 590, 1407, 7136, 29889, 1126, 1550, 1183, 1122, 505, 674, 11687, 2183, 592, 902, 3573, 29892, 1183, 338, 19066, 277, 424, 304, 5957, 701, 901, 29889, 2567, 306, 29915, 29885, 373, 263, 10655, 304, 1284, 714, 2020, 29889, 13, 29902, 29915, 345, 8459, 304, 2948, 590, 13521, 363, 2811, 340, 763, 306, 29915, 345, 26733, 1568, 310, 590, 2834, 29936, 411, 3736, 11416, 29892, 3683, 3381, 29892, 322, 263, 3353, 3287, 310, 393, 13298, 638, 8965, 1100, 15595, 21192, 29889, 5373, 5414, 263, 18881, 13184, 3815, 29892, 5214, 278, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 515, 278, 5962, 701, 29892, 322, 20794, 3271, 263, 22401, 1122, 6356, 304, 367, 385, 6775, 1238, 271, 1135, 15613, 2811, 340, 29915, 29879, 5192, 29889, 13, 6246, 306, 29915, 345, 2360, 1063, 263, 439, 5171, 29889, 13, 12984, 340, 2598, 801, 273, 30098, 306, 29915, 29885, 6421, 363, 366, 29889, 13, 3399, 4408, 29901, 940, 391, 313, 29470, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 6726, 396, 29941, 29897, 13, 29902, 626, 263, 3186, 29899, 1990, 266, 2575, 29889, 1394, 306, 471, 29892, 1434, 306, 2355, 12534, 26902, 322, 2982, 287, 297, 8475, 29889, 2860, 306, 6766, 590, 931, 29892, 306, 8459, 304, 679, 373, 278, 1492, 2625, 310, 278, 4307, 29892, 470, 408, 1568, 408, 590, 4982, 472, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 6511, 29889, 450, 3454, 6041, 1999, 332, 29892, 607, 480, 1169, 592, 925, 2691, 29889, 1619, 1024, 1795, 367, 4107, 29892, 541, 306, 29915, 29885, 263, 29754, 304, 1556, 29889, 13, 3421, 3814, 304, 748, 25204, 6490, 338, 2675, 408, 23483, 630, 29892, 2745, 590, 4940, 322, 2198, 784, 7459, 297, 263, 4802, 982, 29889, 5806, 297, 3681, 10223, 292, 304, 2125, 1623, 263, 9228, 310, 10712, 4266, 1891, 266, 17180, 29892, 306, 2041, 3700, 29899, 517, 29899, 2161, 411, 590, 24842, 28469, 30003, 392, 590, 1556, 18215, 25782, 362, 29889, 13, 29903, 513, 4568, 376, 29903, 262, 29908, 3122, 262, 471, 278, 5360, 310, 590, 2834, 29892, 2745, 902, 1010, 764, 284, 2982, 287, 592, 5742, 22306, 29889, 2567, 306, 29915, 345, 2355, 304, 1284, 263, 982, 304, 9311, 902, 1449, 29892, 472, 3203, 1472, 3307, 304, 8206, 1283, 445, 4982, 29889, 1932, 372, 7415, 2821, 278, 8666, 363, 445, 540, 391, 674, 367, 1749, 12080, 29892, 306, 16289, 306, 817, 304, 437, 6514, 372, 4893, 304, 3013, 8882, 9109, 29892, 1584, 565, 372, 2794, 3534, 292, 590, 2834, 363, 7955, 29889, 7311, 694, 4383, 278, 12185, 306, 29915, 345, 5429, 6142, 29892, 8882, 29915, 29879, 14176, 278, 615, 471, 278, 2462, 1183, 380, 1772, 590, 5192, 29889, 13, 22954, 5920, 4408, 29901, 940, 391, 29901, 13, 29909, 655, 6626, 891, 350, 29987, 29940, 891, 12113, 891, 5087, 7412, 891, 28014, 29877, 891, 349, 7202, 1627, 891, 8612, 1821, 13, 4806, 526, 7952, 292, 278, 3236, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29900, 29892, 607, 2794, 901, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 901, 399, 17840, 6912, 344, 17236, 294, 29892, 901, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 29889, 2266, 338, 825, 29915, 29879, 6421, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29900, 29991, 13, 29898, 3808, 278, 3143, 3611, 363, 2989, 4902, 322, 2988, 29897, 13, 3399, 4408, 29901, 940, 391, 313, 29470, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 6726, 396, 29941, 29897, 785, 27474, 5490, 29871, 29955, 13, 15597, 892, 2748, 22056, 297, 17268, 322, 658, 874, 29892, 541, 902, 1010, 764, 284, 2665, 1075, 304, 8475, 29889, 1152, 1133, 304, 664, 4208, 2748, 1449, 29892, 1009, 4940, 451, 21188, 3307, 304, 604, 559, 278, 21737, 896, 2748, 750, 29892, 1438, 658, 874, 505, 263, 1473, 8825, 29889, 960, 896, 5735, 1472, 3307, 304, 1074, 372, 29889, 13, 29928, 5817, 638, 313, 29909, 21198, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 6726, 396, 29953, 29897, 785, 27474, 6339, 29871, 29896, 29947, 13, 3868, 29915, 29879, 278, 24464, 5218, 3815, 12271, 310, 278, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 29889, 2296, 29915, 29879, 278, 9443, 263, 3901, 9883, 310, 697, 310, 670, 5810, 10769, 29889, 3374, 3730, 29892, 13298, 638, 8965, 1100, 3508, 29915, 29873, 697, 304, 1250, 1623, 515, 263, 18766, 29889, 13, 3399, 4408, 29901, 379, 28940, 313, 29470, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 6726, 396, 29946, 29897, 785, 27474, 4779, 29871, 29941, 29896, 13, 29950, 5555, 8772, 278, 3815, 472, 5011, 265, 1156, 263, 380, 524, 297, 8475, 29892, 350, 774, 29872, 1632, 326, 845, 1450, 338, 3063, 304, 1369, 975, 322, 367, 263, 16823, 304, 278, 2278, 1183, 13726, 2440, 411, 408, 263, 1121, 310, 902, 10541, 29889, 1205, 746, 263, 1361, 5372, 26507, 367, 7932, 1975, 902, 1487, 472, 278, 14089, 29892, 1183, 1838, 29915, 29873, 1073, 393, 1009, 11781, 9007, 29915, 29873, 491, 8825 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.91912	-0.945604	-0.851663	-1.067809
. He's the man sent to kill her. Rafe: An Arizona Vengeance Novella (1,001 Dark Nights) – releases April 28 He's been traded to the Carolina Cold Fury, a request granted to him after learning his dad had been diagnosed with terminal cancer. Now Rafe Simmons is back home in North Carolina, adjusting to a new reality. One that includes a second chance with his first, and only, love. Wicked Secret (Wicked Horse Vegas, Book #7) – releases May 26 They were first loves with plans for a future together, until one day she just vanished without a trace. A decade later, he opens the door to find her standing on his front porch, with a secret he never saw coming. Code Name: Ghost (Jameson Force Security, Book #5) – releases June 30 He's back in Pittsburgh following a mission gone deadly wrong. Riddled with guilt, plagued by nightmares, and struggling to make sense of what went wrong, Malik Fournier seeks solace in the arms of the last person he should. Wylde (Arizona Vengeance, Book #7) – releases August 4 He's the team playboy, a title he's quite happy holding. But when he meets a beautiful and quirky redhead at the local bookstore, he realizes it might just be time to make some changes in his life. Wicked Billionaire (Wicked Horse Vegas, Book #8) – releases September 15 A wealthy hotelier, born into a life of luxury and used to getting what he wants, sets his sights on a member of the housekeeping staff in one of his hotels. She wants nothing to do with him, but if there is one thing Declan Blackwood knows, it's that everyone has their price. Code Name: Rook (Jameson Force Security, Book #6) – releases October 27 Dating can be rough when you work for a highly specialized security company, and sometimes mistruths are necessary. But when the woman Cage Murdock has been dating unwittingly gets into trouble and the team at Jameson is forced to step in, he's got a lot of explaining to do. Right after he saves her life. Kane (Arizona Vengeance, Book #8) – releases December 8 New to the Arizona Vengeance, Kane has come to a conclusion…he's in love with his best friend. Now comes the hard part–convincing her to give them a chance at something more. #preorder Code Name: Heist: Amazon \| Nook \| Apple \| Google \| Kobo \| Paperback 🎧 Audible (narrated by Joe Arden and Mackenzie Cartwright) I was living my dream until one phone call changed everything. As the second line center for the Arizona Vengeance, my mind has been on one thing—helping my team bring home a championship. But that all changed when I found out my dad had cancer and only months to live. In that moment, nothing mattered more than getting home to North Carolina to be by his side. That meant asking for the unthinkable—a trade to the Carolina Cold Fury. Now I'm home and when I'm not on the ice with my new team, I'm helping care for my dad. And in the midst of my grief, I find comfort from the one person I never expected. Calliope Ramirez stole my heart at a very young age. The beautiful, smart, headstrong girl next door, she was my first… everything. She has never forgiven me for leaving her, believing that I chose hockey over a future together. What she doesn't understand is that every decision I made was for her, and I've never given up hope that one day we'd be together again. Watching my dad slip away is a harsh reminder of how short life can be, and having Callie by my side makes me realize I was a damn fool before. That changes starting right now. Calliope Ramirez is mine and I'm not going to waste the second chance that I've been given. Please note: This novella will be on sale exclusively through Amazon only for the first 90 days. After that, the book will be available at all retailers in all ebook formats. But if you aren't a Kindle owner and don't want to wait, you can go to Amazon, download the free Kind	[ 29889, 940, 29915, 29879, 278, 767, 2665, 304, 12088, 902, 29889, 13, 29934, 29874, 1725, 29901, 530, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 2864, 3547, 313, 29896, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29896, 15317, 405, 5861, 29897, 785, 27474, 3786, 29871, 29906, 29947, 13, 3868, 29915, 29879, 1063, 3534, 287, 304, 278, 13397, 26731, 383, 2857, 29892, 263, 2009, 16896, 304, 1075, 1156, 6509, 670, 270, 328, 750, 1063, 24876, 2662, 411, 8638, 23900, 29889, 2567, 6981, 1725, 3439, 29885, 787, 338, 1250, 3271, 297, 4644, 13397, 29892, 10365, 292, 304, 263, 716, 16832, 29889, 3118, 393, 7805, 263, 1473, 8825, 411, 670, 937, 29892, 322, 871, 29892, 5360, 29889, 13, 29956, 17840, 10213, 313, 29956, 17840, 6912, 344, 17236, 294, 29892, 6726, 396, 29955, 29897, 785, 27474, 2610, 29871, 29906, 29953, 13, 15597, 892, 937, 12355, 267, 411, 13900, 363, 263, 5434, 4208, 29892, 2745, 697, 2462, 1183, 925, 1109, 3276, 1728, 263, 9637, 29889, 319, 316, 6332, 2678, 29892, 540, 13246, 278, 3050, 304, 1284, 902, 13407, 373, 670, 4565, 1277, 305, 29892, 411, 263, 7035, 540, 2360, 4446, 6421, 29889, 13, 3399, 4408, 29901, 28484, 313, 29470, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 6726, 396, 29945, 29897, 785, 27474, 5306, 29871, 29941, 29900, 13, 3868, 29915, 29879, 1250, 297, 27150, 13903, 1494, 263, 10655, 7695, 7123, 368, 2743, 29889, 390, 2205, 839, 411, 1410, 2782, 29892, 715, 351, 6742, 491, 4646, 3034, 267, 29892, 322, 20042, 304, 1207, 4060, 310, 825, 3512, 2743, 29892, 3792, 638, 383, 2905, 631, 1074, 2039, 899, 815, 297, 278, 10188, 310, 278, 1833, 2022, 540, 881, 29889, 13, 29956, 2904, 311, 313, 29909, 21198, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 6726, 396, 29955, 29897, 785, 27474, 3111, 29871, 29946, 13, 3868, 29915, 29879, 278, 3815, 1708, 19415, 29892, 263, 3611, 540, 29915, 29879, 3755, 9796, 13587, 29889, 1205, 746, 540, 28103, 263, 9560, 322, 439, 381, 3459, 2654, 2813, 472, 278, 1887, 3143, 8899, 29892, 540, 1855, 7093, 372, 1795, 925, 367, 931, 304, 1207, 777, 3620, 297, 670, 2834, 29889, 13, 29956, 17840, 6682, 291, 5218, 313, 29956, 17840, 6912, 344, 17236, 294, 29892, 6726, 396, 29947, 29897, 785, 27474, 3839, 29871, 29896, 29945, 13, 29909, 17173, 29891, 16730, 631, 29892, 6345, 964, 263, 2834, 310, 21684, 2857, 322, 1304, 304, 2805, 825, 540, 10753, 29892, 6166, 670, 269, 5861, 373, 263, 4509, 310, 278, 3699, 17462, 292, 13925, 297, 697, 310, 670, 7375, 1379, 29889, 2296, 10753, 3078, 304, 437, 411, 1075, 29892, 541, 565, 727, 338, 697, 2655, 3826, 6468, 6054, 6115, 9906, 29892, 372, 29915, 29879, 393, 14332, 756, 1009, 8666, 29889, 13, 3399, 4408, 29901, 1528, 554, 313, 29470, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 6726, 396, 29953, 29897, 785, 27474, 5533, 29871, 29906, 29955, 13, 29928, 1218, 508, 367, 12164, 746, 366, 664, 363, 263, 10712, 4266, 1891, 6993, 5001, 29892, 322, 6041, 286, 2132, 2806, 29879, 526, 5181, 29889, 1205, 746, 278, 6114, 315, 482, 7487, 29881, 1698, 756, 1063, 270, 1218, 18500, 5367, 368, 4947, 964, 7458, 322, 278, 3815, 472, 5011, 265, 338, 11826, 304, 4331, 297, 29892, 540, 29915, 29879, 2355, 263, 3287, 310, 24232, 304, 437, 29889, 10428, 1156, 540, 27401, 902, 2834, 29889, 13, 29968, 1662, 313, 29909, 21198, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 6726, 396, 29947, 29897, 785, 27474, 5846, 29871, 29947, 13, 4373, 304, 278, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 476, 1662, 756, 2041, 304, 263, 15997, 30098, 354, 29915, 29879, 297, 5360, 411, 670, 1900, 5121, 29889, 2567, 5304, 278, 2898, 760, 29994, 535, 3845, 3277, 902, 304, 2367, 963, 263, 8825, 472, 1554, 901, 29889, 13, 29937, 1457, 2098, 5920, 4408, 29901, 940, 391, 29901, 13, 29909, 655, 6626, 891, 1939, 554, 891, 12113, 891, 5087, 891, 28014, 29877, 891, 349, 7202, 1627, 13, 243, 162, 145, 170, 8612, 1821, 313, 29876, 2749, 630, 491, 11131, 826, 1145, 322, 21343, 264, 3914, 12370, 29893, 1266, 29897, 13, 29902, 471, 8471, 590, 12561, 2745, 697, 9008, 1246, 3939, 4129, 29889, 13, 2887, 278, 1473, 1196, 4818, 363, 278, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 590, 3458, 756, 1063, 373, 697, 2655, 30003, 8477, 292, 590, 3815, 6963, 3271, 263, 22401, 29889, 1205, 393, 599, 3939, 746, 306, 1476, 714, 590, 270, 328, 750, 23900, 322, 871, 7378, 304, 5735, 29889, 512, 393, 3256, 29892, 3078, 4383, 287, 901, 1135, 2805, 3271, 304, 4644, 13397, 304, 367, 491, 670, 2625, 29889, 2193, 6839, 6721, 363, 278, 443, 386, 682, 519, 30003, 29874, 11302, 304, 278, 13397, 26731, 383, 2857, 29889, 13, 10454, 306, 29915, 29885, 3271, 322, 746, 306, 29915, 29885, 451, 373, 278, 14890, 411, 590, 716, 3815, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 19912, 2562, 363, 590, 270, 328, 29889, 1126, 297, 278, 29214, 310, 590, 867, 2575, 29892, 306, 1284, 13016, 515, 278, 697, 2022, 306, 2360, 3806, 29889, 13, 7856, 492, 2300, 8292, 533, 29920, 380, 1772, 590, 5192, 472, 263, 1407, 4123, 5046, 29889, 450, 9560, 29892, 15040, 29892, 2343, 1110, 7826, 2446, 3050, 29892, 1183, 471, 590, 937, 30098, 4129, 29889, 2296, 756, 2360, 18879, 5428, 592, 363, 10124, 902, 29892, 1339, 15387, 393, 306, 12784, 18881, 975, 263, 5434, 4208, 29889, 1724, 1183, 1838, 29915, 29873, 2274, 338, 393, 1432, 10608, 306, 1754, 471, 363, 902, 29892, 322, 306, 29915, 345, 2360, 2183, 701, 4966, 393, 697, 2462, 591, 29915, 29881, 367, 4208, 1449, 29889, 13, 24709, 292, 590, 270, 328, 269, 3466, 3448, 338, 263, 4023, 845, 1083, 4995, 310, 920, 3273, 2834, 508, 367, 29892, 322, 2534, 8251, 347, 491, 590, 2625, 3732, 592, 16289, 306, 471, 263, 5625, 29876, 17928, 1434, 29889, 2193, 3620, 6257, 1492, 1286, 29889, 3037, 492, 2300, 8292, 533, 29920, 338, 7903, 322, 306, 29915, 29885, 451, 2675, 304, 19863, 278, 1473, 8825, 393, 306, 29915, 345, 1063, 2183, 29889, 13, 12148, 4443, 29901, 910, 2420, 3547, 674, 367, 373, 14686, 13489, 3598, 1549, 16631, 871, 363, 278, 937, 29871, 29929, 29900, 3841, 29889, 2860, 393, 29892, 278, 3143, 674, 367, 3625, 472, 599, 3240, 737, 414, 297, 599, 321, 2909, 21971, 29889, 1205, 565, 366, 9455, 29915, 29873, 263, 13187, 280, 12271, 322, 1016, 29915, 29873, 864, 304, 4480, 29892, 366, 508, 748, 304, 16631, 29892, 5142, 278, 3889, 13187 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.561827	-1.123238	-1.107198	-1.148761
le app for your favorite ebook reading device, and read this novella when it releases. * * FREE BOOK * * "No matter how down and dirty we get…no matter how hard or fast we go…it will always be making love, baby." #FREE for a limited time, OFF LIMITS is a standalone, enemies-to-lovers, contemporary romance within the Off Series. Download OFF LIMITS: Two years ago, Emily Burnham, had an epiphany about the shallowness of her life. And she made it her mission to become a different person…a better woman. Out from under the controlling thumb of her mother, Emily is tasting the real world for the first time. And she likes it. Nixon Caldwell has served his time in the Marine Corps, surviving two brutal tours in Afghanistan. He is back home, surrounded by what he likes best…isolation. It's certainly the easiest way to avoid confrontation of the consuming guilt that is weighing him down. When an accident brings Emily and Nix together, he soon learns he is not the master of his own fate. Struggling with his own pain, Nix tries to guard himself against Emily's charms. He wants her in his bed, but he doesn't want her in his heart. Having grabbed life by the horns, Emily wants it all. But is she willing to accept just the small part of himself that Nix is offering? Or can she reach the part of his soul that he has deemed to be Off Limits? As a former member of the United States Secret Service, I'm no stranger to putting my life on the line in the name of duty. Having left the nation's capital to re-settle in Pittsburgh, the skills I acquired during my tenure in Washington have made me a valued member of the team at Jameson Force Security. But when the President comes seeking a favor to protect his niece, I find myself on the fast track back to the Oval Office. Simply put… she's beyond brilliant. A nationally renowned energy scientist, Barrett Alexander is on the verge of a breakthrough that will change the world. Unfortunately, that has also made her the target of a suspected terrorist cell. And while Barrett doesn't believe she's in any real danger, the President isn't willing to take chances with her life. As the threats against Barrett become more calculated, I decide taking her on the run is her best chance of survival. Danger, isolation, and attraction ensure we grow closer than I'd ever thought possible. When I realize I want to keep her safe for reasons that have nothing to do with my job and everything to do with the woman I've fallen in love with, no one is safe from the hell I'll rain down on those that threaten her. Never in your wildest dreams could you begin to imagine all the filthy and depraved things that go on inside The Wicked Horse. Step inside and Woolf Jennings will make every one of your dirty fantasies come true. He's covered in a facade of deception. An enticing blend of multi-millionaire and hot-as-hell Wyoming rancher, those that think they know Woolf Jennings admire his abilities to preside as CEO of his family's cattle and oil empire. But only a privileged few truly understand what fuels the glitter of depravity in those gorgeous blue eyes. Only a few know he's opened up a sinfully erotic and private sex club named The Wicked Horse right at the base of the beautiful Teton Mountain range. Sweet Callie Hayes has returned home to Wyoming and is looking forward to starting her life over again. After a night of impetuosity, she's managed to put herself right in Woolf's line of sight… the man who she foolishly offered up her virginity to years ago and was flatly turned down. Now Woolf is seeing that Callie is all grown up and has a kinky side to her that leaves him as confused as it does turned on. Worse yet, both Callie's dirty desires and sweet heart are getting under his skin, and making Woolf question everything he's ever believed about himself. All books in the Wicked Horse series can be read as standalones. See the entire series here: https://sawyerbennett.com/bookstore/wicked-horse-series/ Download Wicked Fall (Wicked	[ 280, 623, 363, 596, 25448, 321, 2909, 5183, 4742, 29892, 322, 1303, 445, 2420, 3547, 746, 372, 27474, 29889, 13, 29930, 334, 383, 21661, 16437, 8949, 334, 334, 13, 29908, 3782, 4383, 920, 1623, 322, 26616, 591, 679, 30098, 1217, 4383, 920, 2898, 470, 5172, 591, 748, 30098, 277, 674, 2337, 367, 3907, 5360, 29892, 24354, 1213, 13, 29937, 29943, 21661, 363, 263, 9078, 931, 29892, 438, 4198, 27848, 29903, 338, 263, 2317, 18785, 29892, 22595, 29899, 517, 29899, 417, 874, 29892, 24952, 6017, 749, 2629, 278, 5947, 10488, 29889, 13, 22954, 438, 4198, 27848, 29903, 29901, 13, 13985, 2440, 8020, 29892, 2812, 2354, 16640, 3391, 29892, 750, 385, 321, 1631, 561, 1384, 1048, 278, 4091, 776, 404, 310, 902, 2834, 29889, 1126, 1183, 1754, 372, 902, 10655, 304, 4953, 263, 1422, 2022, 30098, 29874, 2253, 6114, 29889, 4451, 515, 1090, 278, 640, 22155, 28968, 310, 902, 5637, 29892, 2812, 2354, 338, 260, 579, 292, 278, 1855, 3186, 363, 278, 937, 931, 29889, 1126, 1183, 4188, 267, 372, 29889, 13, 29940, 28778, 315, 2741, 5872, 756, 6766, 670, 931, 297, 278, 15929, 16408, 29892, 10503, 4357, 1023, 26644, 284, 260, 2470, 297, 27135, 9777, 29889, 940, 338, 1250, 3271, 29892, 22047, 491, 825, 540, 4188, 267, 1900, 30098, 275, 22671, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 8959, 278, 19075, 982, 304, 4772, 21751, 362, 310, 278, 1136, 9929, 1410, 2782, 393, 338, 591, 1141, 292, 1075, 1623, 29889, 13, 10401, 385, 11423, 23522, 2812, 2354, 322, 405, 861, 4208, 29892, 540, 4720, 24298, 1983, 540, 338, 451, 278, 5835, 310, 670, 1914, 23779, 29889, 3767, 12981, 1847, 411, 670, 1914, 6788, 29892, 405, 861, 14335, 304, 8372, 3654, 2750, 2812, 2354, 29915, 29879, 1373, 1516, 29889, 940, 10753, 902, 297, 670, 6592, 29892, 541, 540, 1838, 29915, 29873, 864, 902, 297, 670, 5192, 29889, 13, 29950, 5555, 2646, 1327, 287, 2834, 491, 278, 25341, 29879, 29892, 2812, 2354, 10753, 372, 599, 29889, 1205, 338, 1183, 17762, 304, 3544, 925, 278, 2319, 760, 310, 3654, 393, 405, 861, 338, 27032, 29973, 1394, 508, 1183, 6159, 278, 760, 310, 670, 10752, 393, 540, 756, 316, 22580, 304, 367, 5947, 9628, 1169, 29973, 13, 2887, 263, 4642, 4509, 310, 278, 3303, 3900, 10213, 6692, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 694, 26507, 304, 10594, 590, 2834, 373, 278, 1196, 297, 278, 1024, 310, 13360, 29889, 15950, 2175, 278, 5233, 29915, 29879, 7483, 304, 337, 29899, 9915, 280, 297, 27150, 13903, 29892, 278, 25078, 306, 16692, 2645, 590, 3006, 545, 297, 7660, 505, 1754, 592, 263, 659, 6742, 4509, 310, 278, 3815, 472, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 29889, 1205, 746, 278, 7178, 5304, 25738, 263, 7853, 304, 12566, 670, 4930, 346, 29892, 306, 1284, 6142, 373, 278, 5172, 5702, 1250, 304, 278, 438, 791, 11367, 29889, 13, 29903, 6574, 368, 1925, 30098, 1183, 29915, 29879, 8724, 27592, 29889, 319, 5233, 635, 4325, 26689, 5864, 9638, 391, 29892, 2261, 13158, 9428, 338, 373, 278, 1147, 479, 310, 263, 2867, 20678, 393, 674, 1735, 278, 3186, 29889, 11511, 29892, 393, 756, 884, 1754, 902, 278, 3646, 310, 263, 2858, 6021, 15115, 391, 3038, 29889, 1126, 1550, 2261, 13158, 1838, 29915, 29873, 4658, 1183, 29915, 29879, 297, 738, 1855, 9703, 29892, 278, 7178, 3508, 29915, 29873, 17762, 304, 2125, 521, 2925, 411, 902, 2834, 29889, 13, 2887, 278, 12455, 1446, 2750, 2261, 13158, 4953, 901, 12833, 29892, 306, 11097, 5622, 902, 373, 278, 1065, 338, 902, 1900, 8825, 310, 10503, 2561, 29889, 360, 4600, 29892, 11695, 362, 29892, 322, 1098, 13857, 9801, 591, 6548, 17649, 1135, 306, 29915, 29881, 3926, 2714, 1950, 29889, 1932, 306, 16289, 306, 864, 304, 3013, 902, 9109, 363, 9590, 393, 505, 3078, 304, 437, 411, 590, 4982, 322, 4129, 304, 437, 411, 278, 6114, 306, 29915, 345, 19225, 297, 5360, 411, 29892, 694, 697, 338, 9109, 515, 278, 23927, 306, 29915, 645, 17251, 1623, 373, 1906, 393, 20616, 902, 29889, 13, 29940, 1310, 297, 596, 8775, 342, 12561, 29879, 1033, 366, 3380, 304, 14034, 599, 278, 977, 21155, 322, 1401, 336, 1490, 2712, 393, 748, 373, 2768, 450, 399, 17840, 6912, 344, 29889, 16696, 2768, 322, 399, 1507, 29888, 23774, 886, 674, 1207, 1432, 697, 310, 596, 26616, 13568, 294, 583, 2041, 1565, 29889, 13, 3868, 29915, 29879, 10664, 297, 263, 4024, 1943, 310, 316, 1441, 29889, 530, 875, 18499, 1999, 355, 310, 2473, 29899, 19958, 291, 5218, 322, 7375, 29899, 294, 29899, 14181, 10167, 28826, 6350, 4630, 29892, 1906, 393, 1348, 896, 1073, 399, 1507, 29888, 23774, 886, 7336, 533, 670, 633, 9770, 304, 2225, 680, 408, 14645, 29949, 310, 670, 3942, 29915, 29879, 27498, 322, 17182, 3710, 533, 29889, 1205, 871, 263, 14828, 3192, 2846, 19781, 2274, 825, 4084, 1379, 278, 3144, 5171, 310, 1401, 5705, 537, 297, 1906, 330, 3890, 681, 7254, 5076, 29889, 9333, 263, 2846, 1073, 540, 29915, 29879, 6496, 701, 263, 4457, 3730, 604, 13574, 322, 2024, 7916, 4402, 4257, 450, 399, 17840, 6912, 344, 1492, 472, 278, 2967, 310, 278, 9560, 323, 20666, 18204, 3464, 29889, 13, 29903, 16668, 8251, 347, 11389, 267, 756, 4133, 3271, 304, 10167, 28826, 322, 338, 3063, 6375, 304, 6257, 902, 2834, 975, 1449, 29889, 2860, 263, 4646, 310, 2411, 24120, 359, 537, 29892, 1183, 29915, 29879, 8745, 304, 1925, 8735, 1492, 297, 399, 1507, 29888, 29915, 29879, 1196, 310, 11126, 30098, 278, 767, 1058, 1183, 17928, 728, 368, 12520, 701, 902, 10636, 5359, 537, 304, 2440, 8020, 322, 471, 12151, 368, 6077, 1623, 29889, 13, 10454, 399, 1507, 29888, 338, 8790, 393, 8251, 347, 338, 599, 21633, 701, 322, 756, 263, 413, 682, 29891, 2625, 304, 902, 393, 11308, 1075, 408, 9613, 408, 372, 947, 6077, 373, 29889, 19662, 344, 3447, 29892, 1716, 8251, 347, 29915, 29879, 26616, 553, 2658, 322, 14225, 5192, 526, 2805, 1090, 670, 19309, 29892, 322, 3907, 399, 1507, 29888, 1139, 4129, 540, 29915, 29879, 3926, 13112, 1048, 3654, 29889, 13, 3596, 8277, 297, 278, 399, 17840, 6912, 344, 3652, 508, 367, 1303, 408, 2317, 284, 2873, 29889, 2823, 278, 4152, 3652, 1244, 29901, 2045, 597, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 2909, 8899, 29914, 6669, 287, 29899, 2015, 344, 29899, 13757, 29914, 13, 22954, 399, 17840, 14053, 313, 29956, 17840 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.071276	-0.737228	-0.906357	-1.128523
Horse, Book #1) for FREE (digital) for a limited time! #SaturdaySounds #AudioLove Yeah… might be one of the most difficult things I've ever been faced with. Barrett Alexander. "Your eyes are on my ass, aren't they?" Barrett's voice penetrates my thoughts, and I stumble again. I right myself, guiltily lowering my gaze down to the path so I can walk straight, but I mutter an admission, "Just a man, Barrett. Not a saint." She snorts in reply, so I defiantly look at her ass again, the whole way down. CODE NAME: SENTINEL is now available for #preorder at Audible! Narrated by Jason Clarke and Lucy Rivers, CODE NAME: SENTINEL releases September 10 —-> https://adbl.co/2Mnc130 First there was pain, and now there is just… nothing. No one can ever understand the losses I've suffered. A solitary existence that consists of my work and the empty house that serves as a constant reminder of all I have lost. After months of paralyzing emptiness, I turn to The Wicked Horse so I can feel something. Anything, really. Any shred of emotion that will explain why I'm still here. Any justification for why my life was spared and theirs were not. It's all in vain. Not even the debauchery of the notorious sex club can fill the hollowness that consumes me. Until she walks in. Absolutely perfect. Gorgeous and bends to my will. Gives me her body willingly, while expecting nothing more from me than the pleasure I offer her. And the more she gives, the more I find myself wanting to take. Wanting to crawl out of my personal hell for this wicked angel. All books in the Wicked Horse Vegas series can be read as standalones. See the entire series here: https://sawyerbennett.com/bookstore/the-wicked-horse-vegas-series/ I live my life to the fullest. Work hard as part of the team at Jameson Force Security but play just as hard at The Wicked Horse Vegas. I have no regrets about my life. She was my first love and the woman I wanted to spend my life with, but one day she was just gone. Vanished without a trace. My single remorse is never being able to find out what happened to her, because no matter how difficult the truth may be, it can't be as bad as never knowing at all. Until the day my past walks through the door and brings me to my knees with the secrets she holds. I knew the risks of this job when I signed on with Jameson Force Security. Knew my time as a marine would prepare me for the danger I would face. But no amount of training could have ever prepared me for the helplessness of watching my teammate die, the agonizing mental and physical pain of torture, or the despair of captivity. Returning home to Pittsburgh following a mission gone wrong, I am riddled with guilt and haunted by nightmares. I find solace from the last person I should ever seek such comfort. I pull her to me just as tightly as I push her away. Hoping this forbidden love will save me from the ghost I've become. One year ago, I graduated from law school and embarked on a career as a purveyor of high priced legal shenanigans. Six months ago, my boyfriend dumped me when I thought he might be proposing. Two weeks ago, I got drunk and joined a secret sex club. Two days ago, I had a torrid one-night stand with a stranger. Today? My one-night stand is no longer a stranger. Today, he's my new boss. Matt Connover is all kinds of forbidden temptation wrapped up in a deliciously wicked package, and he's made it clear… he's only interested in sex. My name is McKayla Dawson, and I work at the powerhouse firm of Connover & Crown, LLP, where the law has never felt so hot. But between you and me, I'm afraid my heart won't survive these Legal Affairs. Get Legal Affairs: McKayla's Story FREE for a limited time! Leg	[ 6912, 344, 29892, 6726, 396, 29896, 29897, 363, 383, 21661, 313, 7501, 2410, 29897, 363, 263, 9078, 931, 29991, 13, 29937, 29903, 20510, 29903, 3885, 396, 17111, 29931, 994, 15011, 30098, 1795, 367, 697, 310, 278, 1556, 5189, 2712, 306, 29915, 345, 3926, 1063, 20050, 411, 29889, 13, 4297, 13158, 9428, 29889, 13, 29908, 10858, 5076, 526, 373, 590, 1223, 29892, 9455, 29915, 29873, 896, 3026, 2261, 13158, 29915, 29879, 7314, 6584, 18184, 1078, 590, 13133, 29892, 322, 306, 380, 15563, 1449, 29889, 13, 29902, 1492, 6142, 29892, 1410, 309, 1376, 29891, 5224, 292, 590, 12642, 29872, 1623, 304, 278, 2224, 577, 306, 508, 6686, 7812, 29892, 541, 306, 5478, 357, 385, 594, 6737, 29892, 376, 14084, 263, 767, 29892, 2261, 13158, 29889, 2216, 263, 22635, 1213, 13, 13468, 5807, 441, 29879, 297, 8908, 29892, 577, 306, 822, 29875, 10835, 1106, 472, 902, 1223, 1449, 29892, 278, 3353, 982, 1623, 29889, 13, 16524, 27085, 29901, 317, 3919, 1177, 6670, 338, 1286, 3625, 363, 396, 1457, 2098, 472, 8612, 1821, 29991, 405, 2749, 630, 491, 21776, 15183, 446, 322, 28846, 390, 1536, 29892, 4810, 2287, 27085, 29901, 317, 3919, 1177, 6670, 27474, 3839, 29871, 29896, 29900, 813, 976, 2045, 597, 328, 2204, 29889, 1111, 29914, 29906, 29924, 17608, 29896, 29941, 29900, 13, 6730, 727, 471, 6788, 29892, 322, 1286, 727, 338, 925, 30098, 3078, 29889, 1939, 697, 508, 3926, 2274, 278, 28495, 306, 29915, 345, 17654, 29889, 319, 26373, 653, 10379, 393, 11624, 310, 590, 664, 322, 278, 4069, 3699, 393, 19700, 408, 263, 4868, 1083, 4995, 310, 599, 306, 505, 5714, 29889, 13, 13555, 7378, 310, 610, 284, 12339, 292, 953, 415, 3335, 29892, 306, 2507, 304, 450, 399, 17840, 6912, 344, 577, 306, 508, 4459, 1554, 29889, 530, 1541, 292, 29892, 2289, 29889, 3139, 528, 1127, 310, 953, 8194, 393, 674, 5649, 2020, 306, 29915, 29885, 1603, 1244, 29889, 3139, 925, 2450, 363, 2020, 590, 2834, 471, 805, 1965, 322, 1009, 29879, 892, 451, 29889, 13, 3112, 29915, 29879, 599, 297, 15722, 29889, 2216, 1584, 278, 2553, 13989, 708, 310, 278, 451, 23308, 7916, 4402, 508, 5445, 278, 298, 2952, 2264, 393, 1136, 9351, 592, 29889, 13, 29965, 20233, 1183, 17042, 2039, 297, 29889, 13, 4920, 2929, 11579, 4922, 29889, 402, 3890, 681, 322, 289, 1975, 304, 590, 674, 29889, 402, 3145, 592, 902, 3573, 674, 11687, 29892, 1550, 16120, 3078, 901, 515, 592, 1135, 278, 15377, 306, 5957, 902, 29889, 1126, 278, 901, 1183, 4076, 29892, 278, 901, 306, 1284, 6142, 24507, 304, 2125, 29889, 13, 29956, 424, 292, 304, 29349, 29880, 714, 310, 590, 7333, 23927, 363, 445, 281, 17840, 2614, 295, 29889, 13, 3596, 8277, 297, 278, 399, 17840, 6912, 344, 17236, 294, 3652, 508, 367, 1303, 408, 2317, 284, 2873, 29889, 2823, 278, 4152, 3652, 1244, 29901, 2045, 597, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 2909, 8899, 29914, 1552, 29899, 6669, 287, 29899, 2015, 344, 29899, 345, 25496, 29899, 13757, 29914, 13, 29902, 5735, 590, 2834, 304, 278, 2989, 342, 29889, 5244, 2898, 408, 760, 310, 278, 3815, 472, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 541, 1708, 925, 408, 2898, 472, 450, 399, 17840, 6912, 344, 17236, 294, 29889, 306, 505, 694, 1072, 27487, 1048, 590, 2834, 29889, 13, 13468, 471, 590, 937, 5360, 322, 278, 6114, 306, 5131, 304, 18864, 590, 2834, 411, 29892, 541, 697, 2462, 1183, 471, 925, 7695, 29889, 6556, 3276, 1728, 263, 9637, 29889, 1619, 2323, 1083, 272, 344, 338, 2360, 1641, 2221, 304, 1284, 714, 825, 9559, 304, 902, 29892, 1363, 694, 4383, 920, 5189, 278, 8760, 1122, 367, 29892, 372, 508, 29915, 29873, 367, 408, 4319, 408, 2360, 13797, 472, 599, 29889, 13, 29965, 20233, 278, 2462, 590, 4940, 17042, 2039, 1549, 278, 3050, 322, 23522, 592, 304, 590, 17905, 267, 411, 278, 22183, 1372, 1183, 8640, 29889, 13, 29902, 6363, 278, 5161, 2039, 310, 445, 4982, 746, 306, 8794, 373, 411, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 29889, 476, 1482, 590, 931, 408, 263, 23585, 723, 19012, 592, 363, 278, 9703, 306, 723, 3700, 29889, 1205, 694, 5253, 310, 6694, 1033, 505, 3926, 13240, 592, 363, 278, 1081, 572, 404, 2264, 310, 21217, 590, 3815, 25046, 762, 29892, 278, 946, 265, 5281, 19119, 322, 9128, 6788, 310, 16263, 545, 29892, 470, 278, 8913, 1466, 310, 4332, 2068, 29889, 7106, 292, 3271, 304, 27150, 13903, 1494, 263, 10655, 7695, 2743, 29892, 306, 626, 364, 2205, 839, 411, 1410, 2782, 322, 447, 28000, 491, 4646, 3034, 267, 29889, 306, 1284, 899, 815, 515, 278, 1833, 2022, 306, 881, 3926, 16508, 1316, 13016, 29889, 306, 8206, 902, 304, 592, 925, 408, 19932, 368, 408, 306, 5503, 902, 3448, 29889, 20727, 292, 445, 19752, 4215, 5360, 674, 4078, 592, 515, 278, 330, 3069, 306, 29915, 345, 4953, 29889, 13, 6716, 1629, 8020, 29892, 306, 23588, 515, 4307, 3762, 322, 7232, 935, 287, 373, 263, 6413, 408, 263, 3708, 6950, 272, 310, 1880, 544, 7612, 11706, 528, 264, 273, 335, 550, 29889, 13, 29903, 861, 7378, 8020, 29892, 590, 8023, 18326, 16766, 287, 592, 746, 306, 2714, 540, 1795, 367, 9551, 292, 29889, 13, 13985, 11405, 8020, 29892, 306, 2355, 4192, 2960, 322, 8772, 263, 7035, 7916, 4402, 29889, 13, 13985, 3841, 8020, 29892, 306, 750, 263, 4842, 2429, 697, 29899, 11147, 2317, 411, 263, 26507, 29889, 13, 29911, 397, 388, 29973, 1619, 697, 29899, 11147, 2317, 338, 694, 5520, 263, 26507, 29889, 13, 29911, 397, 388, 29892, 540, 29915, 29879, 590, 716, 289, 2209, 29889, 13, 29924, 1131, 1281, 29876, 957, 338, 599, 17690, 310, 19752, 4215, 25782, 362, 21021, 701, 297, 263, 628, 1654, 5794, 281, 17840, 3577, 29892, 322, 540, 29915, 29879, 1754, 372, 2821, 30098, 540, 29915, 29879, 871, 8852, 297, 7916, 29889, 13, 3421, 1024, 338, 24053, 388, 433, 29461, 1100, 29892, 322, 306, 664, 472, 278, 3081, 8697, 9226, 310, 1281, 29876, 957, 669, 25306, 29892, 365, 13208, 29892, 988, 278, 4307, 756, 2360, 7091, 577, 7375, 29889, 13, 6246, 1546, 366, 322, 592, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 13421, 590, 5192, 2113, 29915, 29873, 10503, 573, 1438, 5682, 284, 26049, 29889, 13, 2577, 5682, 284, 26049, 29901, 24053, 388, 433, 29915, 29879, 13740, 383, 21661, 363, 263, 9078, 931, 29991, 13, 22988 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.022369	-0.899857	-1.265001	-1.330903
al Affairs: McKayla's Story is also available in print and audio!! Print \| Audible (add it for just $7.49!!) The Arizona Vengeance is killing it on the ice. But one player can't seem to keep his eye on the puck—all thanks to the woman he just married to save her life. My name is Dax Monahan and hockey is my passion. And if you want to succeed in this sport you have to bust your ass 24/7. I've never had a hard time focusing on my career, but when my past comes knocking, no amount of training can prepare me for what lies on the other side of the door. Regan Miles was always like a sister to me. When a shared tragedy brings us face to face after several years, I'm shocked to see just how much she's changed. Gone is the shy, awkward little girl that always used to chase me and her brother around. Instead, I'm faced with a gorgeous woman who makes it damn hard to concentrate on anything but her. Turns out, she's in trouble, and the only way out is to get married. I surprise myself when I tell her to marry me. Order her, actually. And most shocking of all, she doesn't even hesitate before saying yes. So it's settled. We're getting hitched and she's moving to Arizona with me. All platonic, of course. The catch? I never knew I'd fall so hard for my best friend's little sister. Narrated by Shane East and Imogen Church A USA Today Bestselling Novel Years ago, they were in love. She was an up-and-coming superstar and he was the devilishly handsome security professional hired to keep her safe. They fell hard and fast, no matter how they tried to resist one another. But not everyone around them was happy about their relationship, and a string of lies and deceit destroyed what they once had. Having just taken the helm of a nationally renowned protective services company, Kynan McGrath is looking to rebrand and revamp his career. The newly crowned Jameson Force Security is moving from the glitz and glamour of Las Vegas to the mountainous steel town of Pittsburgh, and the last thing Kynan has time for is to deal with his past. More than a decade has passed since their split, but even a bruised and battered heart remembers its first love. So when Joslyn Meyers comes to him for help, Kynan reluctantly agrees to keep her safe from a terrifying stalker who keeps threatening her life. As the danger they face continues to intensify, Kynan realizes he'll stop at nothing to protect the woman who turned her back on him all those years ago. Because one thing is certain—no matter how hard he tries to convince himself otherwise, Joslyn still has his heart. Code Name: Genesis (Jameson Force Security, Book #1) Download Code Name: Genesis: Amazon \| Nook \| Apple \| Google Play \| Kobo \| Amazon Print \| B&N Print A reformed trial lawyer from North Carolina, Sawyer uses real life experience to create relatable, sexy stories that appeal to a wide array of readers. From new adult to erotic contemporary romance, Sawyer writes something for just about everyone. Sawyer likes her Bloody Marys strong, her martinis dirty, and her heroes a combination of the two. When not bringing fictional romance to life, Sawyer is a chauffeur, stylist, chef, maid, and personal assistant to a very active daughter, as well as full-time servant to her adorably naughty dogs. She believes in the good of others, and that a bad day can be cured with a great work-out, cake, or even better, both. Sawyer also writes general and women's fiction under the pen name S. Bennett and sweet romance under the name Juliette Poe. Connect with Sawyer: Facebook \| Twitter \| Instagram \| Goodreads \| Book+Main Bites \| BookBub \| Amazon \| Newsletter \| Master Blogger List 🎉🎉 AVAILABLE NOW AT BARNES & NOBLE!! 🎉🎉 YOU READ THAT RIGHT! Read CODE NAME: GENESIS now on NOOK, or order a copy for your bookshelf	[ 284, 26049, 29901, 24053, 388, 433, 29915, 29879, 13740, 338, 884, 3625, 297, 1596, 322, 10348, 6824, 13, 11816, 891, 8612, 1821, 313, 1202, 372, 363, 925, 395, 29955, 29889, 29946, 29929, 6824, 29897, 13, 1576, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 338, 23393, 372, 373, 278, 14890, 29889, 1205, 697, 4847, 508, 29915, 29873, 2833, 304, 3013, 670, 10977, 373, 278, 2653, 384, 30003, 497, 3969, 304, 278, 6114, 540, 925, 8300, 304, 4078, 902, 2834, 29889, 13, 3421, 1024, 338, 360, 1165, 2598, 801, 273, 322, 18881, 338, 590, 15935, 29889, 1126, 565, 366, 864, 304, 9269, 297, 445, 7980, 366, 505, 304, 289, 504, 596, 1223, 29871, 29906, 29946, 29914, 29955, 29889, 306, 29915, 345, 2360, 750, 263, 2898, 931, 12789, 4746, 373, 590, 6413, 29892, 541, 746, 590, 4940, 5304, 18232, 292, 29892, 694, 5253, 310, 6694, 508, 19012, 592, 363, 825, 12185, 373, 278, 916, 2625, 310, 278, 3050, 29889, 13, 4597, 273, 3833, 267, 471, 2337, 763, 263, 9883, 304, 592, 29889, 1932, 263, 7258, 1020, 3192, 29891, 23522, 502, 3700, 304, 3700, 1156, 3196, 2440, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 19253, 287, 304, 1074, 925, 920, 1568, 1183, 29915, 29879, 3939, 29889, 402, 650, 338, 278, 528, 29891, 29892, 13689, 1328, 2217, 7826, 393, 2337, 1304, 304, 521, 559, 592, 322, 902, 8099, 2820, 29889, 8669, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 20050, 411, 263, 330, 3890, 681, 6114, 1058, 3732, 372, 5625, 29876, 2898, 304, 10484, 10492, 373, 3099, 541, 902, 29889, 13, 27407, 29879, 714, 29892, 1183, 29915, 29879, 297, 7458, 29892, 322, 278, 871, 982, 714, 338, 304, 679, 8300, 29889, 13, 29902, 16671, 6142, 746, 306, 2649, 902, 304, 20479, 592, 29889, 8170, 902, 29892, 2869, 29889, 1126, 1556, 19253, 292, 310, 599, 29892, 1183, 1838, 29915, 29873, 1584, 19066, 10388, 1434, 5934, 4874, 29889, 13, 6295, 372, 29915, 29879, 17141, 29889, 1334, 29915, 276, 2805, 298, 2335, 287, 322, 1183, 29915, 29879, 8401, 304, 23716, 411, 592, 29889, 2178, 18870, 8927, 29892, 310, 3236, 29889, 13, 1576, 4380, 29973, 13, 29902, 2360, 6363, 306, 29915, 29881, 6416, 577, 2898, 363, 590, 1900, 5121, 29915, 29879, 2217, 9883, 29889, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 1383, 1662, 6932, 322, 1954, 6352, 6291, 13, 1068, 319, 8278, 20628, 6407, 29879, 7807, 2864, 295, 3579, 13, 12883, 29879, 8020, 29892, 896, 892, 297, 5360, 29889, 2296, 471, 385, 701, 29899, 392, 29899, 11506, 2428, 8508, 322, 540, 471, 278, 29754, 728, 368, 1361, 5372, 6993, 10257, 298, 2859, 304, 3013, 902, 9109, 29889, 2688, 8379, 2898, 322, 5172, 29892, 694, 4383, 920, 896, 1898, 304, 9241, 697, 1790, 29889, 1205, 451, 14332, 2820, 963, 471, 9796, 1048, 1009, 9443, 29892, 322, 263, 1347, 310, 12185, 322, 23332, 277, 14416, 825, 896, 2748, 750, 29889, 13, 29950, 5555, 925, 4586, 278, 1081, 29885, 310, 263, 5233, 635, 4325, 26689, 12566, 573, 5786, 5001, 29892, 476, 948, 273, 4052, 3338, 493, 338, 3063, 304, 337, 16472, 322, 6664, 1160, 670, 6413, 29889, 450, 15141, 20844, 287, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 338, 8401, 515, 278, 3144, 2784, 322, 3144, 27419, 310, 7413, 17236, 294, 304, 278, 14378, 681, 22973, 4726, 310, 27150, 13903, 29892, 322, 278, 1833, 2655, 476, 948, 273, 756, 931, 363, 338, 304, 5376, 411, 670, 4940, 29889, 13, 20761, 1135, 263, 316, 6332, 756, 4502, 1951, 1009, 6219, 29892, 541, 1584, 263, 19702, 3368, 322, 10193, 287, 5192, 1083, 13415, 967, 937, 5360, 29889, 1105, 746, 5875, 13493, 18154, 414, 5304, 304, 1075, 363, 1371, 29892, 476, 948, 273, 1104, 5313, 10835, 8571, 267, 304, 3013, 902, 9109, 515, 263, 1935, 29878, 9215, 380, 2235, 261, 1058, 14874, 20616, 292, 902, 2834, 29889, 13, 2887, 278, 9703, 896, 3700, 18172, 304, 12838, 1598, 29892, 476, 948, 273, 1855, 7093, 540, 29915, 645, 5040, 472, 3078, 304, 12566, 278, 6114, 1058, 6077, 902, 1250, 373, 1075, 599, 1906, 2440, 8020, 29889, 7311, 697, 2655, 338, 3058, 30003, 1217, 4383, 920, 2898, 540, 14335, 304, 7602, 1239, 3654, 6467, 29892, 5875, 13493, 1603, 756, 670, 5192, 29889, 13, 3399, 4408, 29901, 5739, 6656, 313, 29470, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 6726, 396, 29896, 29897, 13, 22954, 5920, 4408, 29901, 5739, 6656, 29901, 13, 29909, 655, 6626, 891, 1939, 554, 891, 12113, 891, 5087, 7412, 891, 28014, 29877, 891, 16631, 13905, 891, 350, 29987, 29940, 13905, 13, 29909, 11736, 287, 14260, 25008, 515, 4644, 13397, 29892, 317, 1450, 7598, 3913, 1855, 2834, 7271, 304, 1653, 1104, 17219, 29892, 409, 3594, 15874, 393, 25530, 304, 263, 9377, 1409, 310, 22176, 29889, 3645, 716, 16157, 304, 604, 13574, 24952, 6017, 749, 29892, 317, 1450, 7598, 15873, 1554, 363, 925, 1048, 14332, 29889, 13, 29903, 1450, 7598, 4188, 267, 902, 11447, 1486, 6182, 29879, 4549, 29892, 902, 14436, 262, 275, 26616, 29892, 322, 902, 13444, 267, 263, 10296, 310, 278, 1023, 29889, 1932, 451, 20794, 26797, 1848, 6017, 749, 304, 2834, 29892, 317, 1450, 7598, 338, 263, 521, 28411, 5411, 29892, 15877, 1761, 29892, 14547, 29892, 611, 333, 29892, 322, 7333, 20255, 304, 263, 1407, 6136, 8750, 29892, 408, 1532, 408, 2989, 29899, 2230, 21649, 304, 902, 594, 272, 2197, 302, 6482, 29891, 26361, 29889, 2296, 1339, 17180, 297, 278, 1781, 310, 4045, 29892, 322, 393, 263, 4319, 2462, 508, 367, 274, 2955, 411, 263, 2107, 664, 29899, 449, 29892, 274, 1296, 29892, 470, 1584, 2253, 29892, 1716, 29889, 13, 29903, 1450, 7598, 884, 15873, 2498, 322, 5866, 29915, 29879, 24159, 1090, 278, 6584, 1024, 317, 29889, 4111, 20764, 322, 14225, 6017, 749, 1090, 278, 1024, 2739, 2035, 371, 3929, 29872, 29889, 13, 17918, 411, 317, 1450, 7598, 29901, 13, 23360, 2909, 891, 20147, 891, 2799, 14442, 891, 7197, 949, 29879, 891, 6726, 29974, 6330, 350, 3246, 891, 6726, 29933, 431, 891, 16631, 891, 10130, 15670, 891, 9082, 350, 21707, 2391, 13, 243, 162, 145, 140, 243, 162, 145, 140, 16884, 29909, 6227, 6181, 405, 9806, 15531, 350, 15249, 2890, 669, 11698, 29933, 1307, 6824, 29871, 243, 162, 145, 140, 243, 162, 145, 140, 13, 29979, 27269, 5195, 3035, 3446, 1299, 390, 22530, 29991, 7523, 4810, 2287, 27085, 29901, 402, 1430, 2890, 3235, 1286, 373, 11698, 8949, 29892, 470, 1797, 263, 3509, 363, 596, 3143, 845, 761 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.044105	-1.049264	-1.110784	-0.909699
from Barnes & Noble!! This second chance, romantic suspense standalone releases at all retailers on May 7. #oneclick CODE NAME: GENESIS at Barnes & Noble: ► B&N: http://bit.ly/2HiPD9t ► BN print: http://bit.ly/2G8a7yZ #preorder CODE NAME: GENESIS at all other retailers (releases May 7) ► Amazon: https://amzn.to/2Dkp8N0 ► Apple: https://apple.co/2T1Z0fh ► Google Play: http://bit.ly/2FSuuR1 ► Kobo: http://bit.ly/2W3MVrx ► Amazon print: https://amzn.to/2WSpgdq Get an alert when CODE NAME: GENESIS goes live! ► Sign up for the newsletter here: https://sawyerbennett.com/signup. ► You can also text ROMANCE to 474747 to receive a text alert. #romanticsuspense #jamesonforcesecurity #secondchanceromance#kynanmcgrath #military #security #contemporaryromance #comingsoon Just who is the man behind Jameson Force Security? Kynan McGrath is SO. MUCH. MORE. than just a pretty face! Check out the intro to Kynan below to learn more about this strong, focused, passionate, alpha man who has been tasked with protecting the only woman he has ever loved. ➡️ NOOK readers! You'll get Code Name: Genesis a whole week early (4/30) —-> http://bit.ly/2HiPD9t ➡️ Preorder CODE NAME: GENESIS: ➡️ READ CHAPTER ONE of Code Name: Genesis now: http://bit.ly/Genesis_Chapter1 ➡️ GIVEAWAYS!! ► Enter to win one of TEN signed paperbacks at Goodreads: http://bit.ly/GenesisGA_GR ► Enter to win the Coach Undercover Pack: http://bit.ly/Genesis_1 ► Enter to win a Sawyer Bennett signed paperback set: http://bit.ly/Genesis_2 ➡️ Get an alert when CODE NAME: GENESIS goes live! https://sawyerbennett.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/GenesisWhoIsKynanFINAL.mp4 We are just 18 days away from the release of CODE NAME: GENESIS (11 days for NOOK readers!!), and for this week's Jameson Force Friday we're taking a peek inside! It's on the long-ish side, but I think you'll enjoy this one. Be sure to read all the way to the bottom for preorder links and info on a couple of giveaways!! Don't forget to stop by the comments and let me know what you think! "Let me get changed and we can gorge on some pizza," I say with a grin. "It cures all woes." Kynan pulls one hand from his pocket, then makes a motion with his index finger for me to spin around. "I'll unzip your dress." The warm rumble of words—his commanding tone—all of it hits me straight between my legs. Shaking my head to clear it, I take in a long breath. It doesn't mean a thing. I turn away from Kynan, pulling my long hair over one shoulder to reveal the zipper. My ears strain to hear him, but he approaches me silently. Then a large hand comes to my shoulder, warm and heavy. The other goes to the zipper, and he starts to lower it ever so slowly. He's standing close because I can feel heat coming off his body. His breath hits the nape of my neck. Is this a seduction or is he being neighborly? I can't help but snort at the thought, and Kynan's hand stops midway down my back. "What's so funny?" Well, fuck… might as well be honest. I give a slight clearing of my throat. "I was just wondering if you were being neighborly by helping me with my zipper or if you	[ 515, 2261, 4515, 669, 1939, 569, 6824, 910, 1473, 8825, 29892, 6017, 7716, 8872, 1947, 2317, 18785, 27474, 472, 599, 3240, 737, 414, 373, 2610, 29871, 29955, 29889, 13, 29937, 650, 3808, 4810, 2287, 27085, 29901, 402, 1430, 2890, 3235, 472, 2261, 4515, 669, 1939, 569, 29901, 13, 30318, 350, 29987, 29940, 29901, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 29906, 18567, 25014, 29929, 29873, 13, 30318, 350, 29940, 1596, 29901, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 29906, 29954, 29947, 29874, 29955, 29891, 29999, 13, 29937, 1457, 2098, 4810, 2287, 27085, 29901, 402, 1430, 2890, 3235, 472, 599, 916, 3240, 737, 414, 313, 276, 17836, 2610, 29871, 29955, 29897, 13, 30318, 16631, 29901, 2045, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29928, 29895, 29886, 29947, 29940, 29900, 13, 30318, 12113, 29901, 2045, 597, 11548, 29889, 1111, 29914, 29906, 29911, 29896, 29999, 29900, 29888, 29882, 13, 30318, 5087, 7412, 29901, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 29906, 29943, 5091, 29884, 29934, 29896, 13, 30318, 28014, 29877, 29901, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 29906, 29956, 29941, 29924, 29963, 17697, 13, 30318, 16631, 1596, 29901, 2045, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 7811, 4061, 29881, 29939, 13, 2577, 385, 6655, 746, 4810, 2287, 27085, 29901, 402, 1430, 2890, 3235, 5771, 5735, 29991, 13, 30318, 9954, 701, 363, 278, 9763, 15670, 1244, 29901, 2045, 597, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 4530, 786, 29889, 13, 30318, 887, 508, 884, 1426, 16641, 27616, 4741, 304, 29871, 29946, 29955, 29946, 29955, 29946, 29955, 304, 7150, 263, 1426, 6655, 29889, 13, 29937, 456, 22614, 375, 29886, 1947, 396, 29926, 1280, 265, 1454, 778, 687, 7710, 396, 7496, 5083, 2265, 290, 749, 29937, 29895, 948, 273, 14047, 629, 493, 396, 23853, 277, 653, 396, 8926, 396, 1285, 9059, 653, 456, 749, 396, 11506, 578, 265, 13, 14084, 1058, 338, 278, 767, 5742, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 29973, 476, 948, 273, 4052, 3338, 493, 338, 7791, 29889, 341, 29965, 3210, 29889, 16999, 1525, 29889, 1135, 925, 263, 5051, 3700, 29991, 5399, 714, 278, 22909, 304, 476, 948, 273, 2400, 304, 5110, 901, 1048, 445, 4549, 29892, 21309, 29892, 15935, 403, 29892, 15595, 767, 1058, 756, 1063, 3414, 287, 411, 12566, 292, 278, 871, 6114, 540, 756, 3926, 18012, 29889, 13, 229, 161, 164, 30598, 11698, 8949, 22176, 29991, 887, 29915, 645, 679, 5920, 4408, 29901, 5739, 6656, 263, 3353, 4723, 4688, 313, 29946, 29914, 29941, 29900, 29897, 813, 976, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 29906, 18567, 25014, 29929, 29873, 13, 229, 161, 164, 30598, 4721, 2098, 4810, 2287, 27085, 29901, 402, 1430, 2890, 3235, 29901, 13, 229, 161, 164, 30598, 5195, 3035, 12689, 6732, 29923, 310, 5920, 4408, 29901, 5739, 6656, 1286, 29901, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 15462, 6656, 29918, 1451, 3314, 29896, 13, 229, 161, 164, 30598, 402, 18474, 29909, 12982, 21554, 6824, 13, 30318, 9041, 304, 5401, 697, 310, 323, 1430, 8794, 5650, 1627, 29879, 472, 7197, 949, 29879, 29901, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 15462, 6656, 12739, 29918, 14345, 13, 30318, 9041, 304, 5401, 278, 3189, 496, 7634, 11911, 18744, 29901, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 15462, 6656, 29918, 29896, 13, 30318, 9041, 304, 5401, 263, 317, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 8794, 5650, 1627, 731, 29901, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 15462, 6656, 29918, 29906, 13, 229, 161, 164, 30598, 3617, 385, 6655, 746, 4810, 2287, 27085, 29901, 402, 1430, 2890, 3235, 5771, 5735, 29991, 13, 991, 597, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 11912, 29899, 3051, 29914, 9009, 29879, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29929, 29914, 29900, 29946, 29914, 15462, 6656, 22110, 3624, 29968, 948, 273, 29943, 1177, 1964, 29889, 1526, 29946, 13, 4806, 526, 925, 29871, 29896, 29947, 3841, 3448, 515, 278, 6507, 310, 4810, 2287, 27085, 29901, 402, 1430, 2890, 3235, 313, 29896, 29896, 3841, 363, 11698, 8949, 22176, 6824, 511, 322, 363, 445, 4723, 29915, 29879, 5011, 265, 11004, 28728, 591, 29915, 276, 5622, 263, 1236, 1416, 2768, 29991, 739, 29915, 29879, 373, 278, 1472, 29899, 728, 2625, 29892, 541, 306, 1348, 366, 29915, 645, 13389, 445, 697, 29889, 1522, 1854, 304, 1303, 599, 278, 982, 304, 278, 5970, 363, 758, 2098, 2988, 322, 5235, 373, 263, 7303, 310, 2367, 1450, 1036, 6824, 13, 1068, 3872, 29915, 29873, 9566, 304, 5040, 491, 278, 6589, 322, 1235, 592, 1073, 825, 366, 1348, 29991, 3579, 13, 29908, 12024, 592, 679, 3939, 322, 591, 508, 330, 3890, 373, 777, 282, 24990, 1699, 306, 1827, 411, 263, 867, 262, 29889, 376, 3112, 274, 1973, 599, 8879, 267, 1213, 13, 29968, 948, 273, 8206, 29879, 697, 1361, 515, 670, 24589, 29892, 769, 3732, 263, 10884, 411, 670, 2380, 19917, 363, 592, 304, 10917, 2820, 29889, 376, 29902, 29915, 645, 443, 7554, 596, 10714, 1213, 13, 1576, 14294, 364, 15563, 310, 3838, 30003, 22880, 1899, 292, 16225, 30003, 497, 310, 372, 19572, 592, 7812, 1546, 590, 21152, 29889, 1383, 5086, 590, 2343, 304, 2821, 372, 29892, 306, 2125, 297, 263, 1472, 16172, 29889, 739, 1838, 29915, 29873, 2099, 263, 2655, 29889, 13, 29902, 2507, 3448, 515, 476, 948, 273, 29892, 28420, 590, 1472, 11315, 975, 697, 23468, 304, 10320, 284, 278, 503, 29875, 2496, 29889, 1619, 22827, 5312, 262, 304, 8293, 1075, 29892, 541, 540, 13501, 592, 4047, 2705, 29889, 13, 11760, 263, 2919, 1361, 5304, 304, 590, 23468, 29892, 14294, 322, 9416, 29889, 450, 916, 5771, 304, 278, 503, 29875, 2496, 29892, 322, 540, 8665, 304, 5224, 372, 3926, 577, 14205, 29889, 940, 29915, 29879, 13407, 3802, 1363, 306, 508, 4459, 12871, 6421, 1283, 670, 3573, 29889, 3600, 16172, 19572, 278, 1055, 412, 310, 590, 18873, 29889, 13, 3624, 445, 263, 269, 6085, 428, 470, 338, 540, 1641, 12307, 368, 29973, 13, 29902, 508, 29915, 29873, 1371, 541, 5807, 441, 472, 278, 2714, 29892, 322, 476, 948, 273, 29915, 29879, 1361, 17726, 7145, 1582, 1623, 590, 1250, 29889, 376, 5618, 29915, 29879, 577, 2090, 1460, 3026, 13, 11284, 29892, 285, 2707, 30098, 1795, 408, 1532, 367, 15993, 29889, 306, 2367, 263, 7248, 2821, 292, 310, 590, 20961, 271, 29889, 376, 29902, 471, 925, 9873, 565, 366, 892, 1641, 12307, 368, 491, 19912, 592, 411, 590, 503, 29875, 2496, 470, 565, 366 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.262292	-1.683881	-1.745585	-1.693923
were trying to seduce me?" Kynan's voice is gentle but chiding with a hint of amusement. "If I was trying to seduce you, Jos, you'd know it. You wouldn't have to ask." I'm immediately disappointed. Damn it all to hell, I want him to seduce me. "For example," he says lightly, and he touches the bare skin revealed by the opened zipper. He slowly drags a knuckle down my spine. "I would perhaps touch you like this." My breath seems to freeze in my lungs. I hold absolutely still, even as I can feel goose bumps breaking free in the path of his grazing touch. "Or," he continues, his tone a little lower. Rougher. "I might do this." And then his lips are on my neck. I feel a waft of hot breath before his teeth graze over my skin, down along the slope of my shoulder. He bites me gently, then drags his tongue over the spot. My body isn't my own. I push my hips backward into him, needing to feel his body. And I do. Big and hard. Extremely hard in some places. Kynan lifts his face, rubs his bearded cheek over mine, and whispers, "I want inside you, Joslyn." Part of me is relieved by his words, because they're carnal and rooted in the need for release. There's nothing wrong with that. I want it, too, and we can keep this purely sexual. Love doesn't need to be part of this. It's not what made our chemistry great. "I want that, too," I say on one long exhale of contained breath. "But the risk, Jos," he says, and it's taunting. "What about the risk?" I can't help myself. My body wants more than my mind is willing to engage in, and I rotate my hips against the hard length of him. Kynan hisses, his hands dropping to my waist. His grip is tight, and he holds me still. "Are you going to risk it, Joslyn?" My mind is spinning. I want him inside of me, and I have no clue what he's talking about. "Risk what?" "Risk falling," he growls, then bites my neck again. "You know we're both on the edge. It will be so easy to tumble back again." I blink furiously, trying to process what he's saying. Is he telling me that feelings are involved for him, too? I pull slightly away, turning my neck so I can see him. "You're at risk?" He doesn't answer, but his eyes bore deep into mine. "I'm a different man than I was when you knew me twelve years ago, Jos. I'm harder. Rougher. My… appetites are a bit different. You might fall into something you're not ready for." "But what about you?" I press, needing to know this isn't a one-sided thing. "If it's just sex, let's agree on it. But if there's a chance it's more… I need to know the stakes." Kynan's eyes close slowly, but stay that way only a moment. When they open, they're determined. "There's never been a woman like you, Joslyn. In twelve bloody years, no one's ever come close. You're fucking right I'm at risk." Relief fills me as well as an overwhelming urgency to discover exactly what he means. A thrill of expectations rush up my spine as wetness floods my panties. Becoming emboldened, I move my hand backward to see just how different, cupping his hardness through his jeans. I squeeze him roughly. Kynan groans, thrusts his hips forward, then chuckles darkly in my ear. "Do you want that?" "Yes," I rasp. God, do I want it. "You're going to have to work for it." It takes a moment to process what he says, and I turn around to face him. It isn't lost on me that I have no clue how to proceed. I am the same nineteen-year-old girl who apparently hasn't led a very imaginative sex life since Kynan and I	[ 892, 1811, 304, 269, 6085, 346, 592, 3026, 13, 29968, 948, 273, 29915, 29879, 7314, 338, 9914, 541, 521, 4821, 411, 263, 13182, 310, 626, 22527, 29889, 376, 3644, 306, 471, 1811, 304, 269, 6085, 346, 366, 29892, 5875, 29892, 366, 29915, 29881, 1073, 372, 29889, 887, 7656, 29915, 29873, 505, 304, 2244, 1213, 13, 29902, 29915, 29885, 7389, 23451, 287, 29889, 13, 29928, 314, 29876, 372, 599, 304, 23927, 29892, 306, 864, 1075, 304, 269, 6085, 346, 592, 29889, 13, 29908, 2831, 1342, 1699, 540, 4083, 3578, 368, 29892, 322, 540, 6023, 267, 278, 16079, 19309, 17845, 491, 278, 6496, 503, 29875, 2496, 29889, 940, 14205, 8338, 29879, 263, 889, 2707, 280, 1623, 590, 805, 457, 29889, 376, 29902, 723, 6060, 6023, 366, 763, 445, 1213, 13, 3421, 16172, 2444, 304, 3889, 911, 297, 590, 301, 3085, 29889, 306, 4808, 13312, 1603, 29892, 1584, 408, 306, 508, 4459, 748, 852, 289, 17204, 16679, 3889, 297, 278, 2224, 310, 670, 2646, 19583, 6023, 29889, 13, 29908, 2816, 1699, 540, 18172, 29892, 670, 16225, 263, 2217, 5224, 29889, 390, 820, 261, 29889, 376, 29902, 1795, 437, 445, 1213, 13, 2855, 769, 670, 17186, 526, 373, 590, 18873, 29889, 306, 4459, 263, 281, 2051, 310, 7375, 16172, 1434, 670, 25287, 2646, 911, 975, 590, 19309, 29892, 1623, 3412, 278, 24968, 310, 590, 23468, 29889, 940, 2586, 267, 592, 330, 2705, 29892, 769, 8338, 29879, 670, 26820, 975, 278, 9758, 29889, 13, 3421, 3573, 3508, 29915, 29873, 590, 1914, 29889, 306, 5503, 590, 298, 4512, 1250, 1328, 964, 1075, 29892, 817, 292, 304, 4459, 670, 3573, 29889, 13, 2855, 306, 437, 29889, 13, 6970, 322, 2898, 29889, 13, 5647, 1745, 873, 2898, 297, 777, 7600, 29889, 13, 29968, 948, 273, 11747, 1372, 670, 3700, 29892, 14051, 29879, 670, 367, 25600, 923, 1416, 975, 7903, 29892, 322, 17352, 6774, 29892, 376, 29902, 864, 2768, 366, 29892, 5875, 13493, 1213, 13, 7439, 310, 592, 338, 1104, 6402, 491, 670, 3838, 29892, 1363, 896, 29915, 276, 1559, 20809, 322, 3876, 287, 297, 278, 817, 363, 6507, 29889, 1670, 29915, 29879, 3078, 2743, 411, 393, 29889, 306, 864, 372, 29892, 2086, 29892, 322, 591, 508, 3013, 445, 24837, 18287, 29889, 8155, 1838, 29915, 29873, 817, 304, 367, 760, 310, 445, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 451, 825, 1754, 1749, 8950, 6020, 2107, 29889, 13, 29908, 29902, 864, 393, 29892, 2086, 1699, 306, 1827, 373, 697, 1472, 429, 29882, 744, 310, 11122, 16172, 29889, 13, 29908, 6246, 278, 12045, 29892, 5875, 1699, 540, 4083, 29892, 322, 372, 29915, 29879, 11062, 348, 1259, 29889, 376, 5618, 1048, 278, 12045, 3026, 13, 29902, 508, 29915, 29873, 1371, 6142, 29889, 1619, 3573, 10753, 901, 1135, 590, 3458, 338, 17762, 304, 3033, 482, 297, 29892, 322, 306, 16734, 590, 298, 4512, 2750, 278, 2898, 3309, 310, 1075, 29889, 13, 29968, 948, 273, 670, 29879, 267, 29892, 670, 6567, 4441, 3262, 304, 590, 11324, 391, 29889, 3600, 330, 6472, 338, 19932, 29892, 322, 540, 8640, 592, 1603, 29889, 376, 17506, 366, 2675, 304, 12045, 372, 29892, 5875, 13493, 3026, 13, 3421, 3458, 338, 10917, 1076, 29889, 306, 864, 1075, 2768, 310, 592, 29892, 322, 306, 505, 694, 23960, 825, 540, 29915, 29879, 9963, 1048, 29889, 376, 29934, 3873, 825, 3026, 13, 29908, 29934, 3873, 20327, 1699, 540, 6548, 3137, 29892, 769, 2586, 267, 590, 18873, 1449, 29889, 376, 3492, 1073, 591, 29915, 276, 1716, 373, 278, 7636, 29889, 739, 674, 367, 577, 4780, 304, 260, 15563, 1250, 1449, 1213, 13, 29902, 1999, 682, 3261, 17365, 29892, 1811, 304, 1889, 825, 540, 29915, 29879, 5934, 29889, 1317, 540, 14509, 592, 393, 21737, 526, 9701, 363, 1075, 29892, 2086, 29973, 13, 29902, 8206, 10029, 3448, 29892, 14712, 590, 18873, 577, 306, 508, 1074, 1075, 29889, 376, 3492, 29915, 276, 472, 12045, 3026, 13, 3868, 1838, 29915, 29873, 1234, 29892, 541, 670, 5076, 23888, 6483, 964, 7903, 29889, 376, 29902, 29915, 29885, 263, 1422, 767, 1135, 306, 471, 746, 366, 6363, 592, 17680, 2440, 8020, 29892, 5875, 29889, 306, 29915, 29885, 22622, 29889, 390, 820, 261, 29889, 1619, 30098, 623, 300, 3246, 526, 263, 2586, 1422, 29889, 887, 1795, 6416, 964, 1554, 366, 29915, 276, 451, 7960, 363, 1213, 13, 29908, 6246, 825, 1048, 366, 3026, 306, 3965, 29892, 817, 292, 304, 1073, 445, 3508, 29915, 29873, 263, 697, 29899, 29879, 2618, 2655, 29889, 376, 3644, 372, 29915, 29879, 925, 7916, 29892, 1235, 29915, 29879, 8661, 373, 372, 29889, 1205, 565, 727, 29915, 29879, 263, 8825, 372, 29915, 29879, 901, 30098, 306, 817, 304, 1073, 278, 380, 6926, 1213, 13, 29968, 948, 273, 29915, 29879, 5076, 3802, 14205, 29892, 541, 7952, 393, 982, 871, 263, 3256, 29889, 1932, 896, 1722, 29892, 896, 29915, 276, 10087, 29889, 376, 8439, 29915, 29879, 2360, 1063, 263, 6114, 763, 366, 29892, 5875, 13493, 29889, 512, 17680, 6668, 1486, 2440, 29892, 694, 697, 29915, 29879, 3926, 2041, 3802, 29889, 887, 29915, 276, 285, 2707, 292, 1492, 306, 29915, 29885, 472, 12045, 1213, 13, 9662, 2575, 27793, 592, 408, 1532, 408, 385, 975, 1332, 295, 4056, 5065, 14703, 304, 6523, 3721, 825, 540, 2794, 29889, 319, 1468, 453, 310, 2149, 800, 364, 1878, 701, 590, 805, 457, 408, 7990, 2264, 5685, 19653, 590, 282, 424, 583, 29889, 13, 3629, 11506, 7232, 1025, 6419, 29892, 306, 4337, 590, 1361, 1250, 1328, 304, 1074, 925, 920, 1422, 29892, 2723, 3262, 670, 2898, 2264, 1549, 670, 1444, 550, 29889, 306, 269, 802, 29872, 911, 1075, 20928, 29889, 476, 948, 273, 4071, 550, 29892, 29684, 29879, 670, 298, 4512, 6375, 29892, 769, 521, 2707, 793, 6501, 368, 297, 590, 2326, 29889, 376, 6132, 366, 864, 393, 3026, 13, 29908, 8241, 1699, 306, 364, 4692, 29889, 4177, 29892, 437, 306, 864, 372, 29889, 13, 29908, 3492, 29915, 276, 2675, 304, 505, 304, 664, 363, 372, 1213, 13, 3112, 4893, 263, 3256, 304, 1889, 825, 540, 4083, 29892, 322, 306, 2507, 2820, 304, 3700, 1075, 29889, 739, 3508, 29915, 29873, 5714, 373, 592, 393, 306, 505, 694, 23960, 920, 304, 8469, 29889, 306, 626, 278, 1021, 17081, 2650, 264, 29899, 6360, 29899, 1025, 7826, 1058, 13229, 22602, 29915, 29873, 5331, 263, 1407, 6382, 262, 1230, 7916, 2834, 1951, 476, 948, 273, 322, 306 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.671746	-0.240096	-1.325971	-1.225918
split twelve years ago. But I do have something that has always been a part of my makeup, and I remember when there wasn't anything I wouldn't have done for this man had he asked. He definitely has something I want, and I'm willing to do what it takes to get it. Another realization. There's power in that as a woman. I smile as I place my hands on his belt buckle. "Tell me what you want me to do, and I'll do it." Fire flashes in Kynan's eyes as he bares his teeth in challenge. In a flash, he's pulling me hard into him for a kiss. His mouth covers mine. Consumes me from the inside out. One of his hands goes to the back of my head, the other to my ass to pull me flush against his hard cock. He rips his mouth from mine, biting at my lower lip along the way. The sting of it makes me ache with need. Rubbing a thumb roughly over my lower lip, Kynan's dark words thrill me beyond anything I could imagine. "I want something from you, Joslyn." My chest is heaving, and it's hard to formulate words. "What's that?" "Your mouth on me," he growls before flashing me a feral grin as he starts to take his belt off. I want to fall to my knees right this second, because he's asking me to. I'd gladly do it. I remember the taste of him from so long ago, and I want it on my tongue again. I loved the power of having him in my mouth. "Turn around," he orders gruffly. The hair on the nape up my neck prickles when his belt makes a hissing sound as he pulls it free from the loops. My legs start shaking, and I can feel how embarrassingly wet I am just from what little bit of foreplay we've had—mostly from his words and dark promises. I turn slowly away from him, staring blankly at the interior of my closet. "Hands behind your back." "Kynan," I murmur, not in defiance but in total supplication. "Now, kitten," he replies with a low chuckle. Kitten. He used to call me that. My hands go behind my back. Almost immediately, he's looping the thick leather of his belt around them. He cinches it tight to where I can't free myself, but there's not an ounce of pain with it. Kynan comes around to my front. I lower my gaze automatically, instinctually submissive although I've never been tied up in my life. "Oh, no you don't," he chides, putting his finger under my chin. He forces my eyes up to meet his. "You keep your eyes on me at all times. I promise you, Jos… you're in charge here." I shiver. "For now, that is," he amends. Shivers turn into full-body shudders. "Eyes on me," he says in reminder, then levels me with a rakish grin. "And get on your knees." ➡️ #preorder CODE NAME: GENESIS (Jameson Force Security, Book #1), coming May 7th: ► B&N: http://bit.ly/2HiPD9t <— releases 4/30 at B&N!! Kynan I normally wouldn't answer my phone while a gorgeous redhead was performing a strip tease in my bedroom, but it's Rachel Hart-Wright calling. As my second in charge at Jameson Force Security, she wouldn't call unless it was important. Besides, I'm just cocky enough to take a business call while receiving personal pleasure. "This better be good, Hart," I say curtly after connecting. My gaze drifts ever so briefly to the almost-empty glass of scotch in my hand before going to the woman dry humping my bedpost to some rock song I don't recognize. She watches me through heavy-lidded eyes, knowing I'll reward her. "I don't know if good is the word," she drawls. "There's a lot of money involved, but you're not going to like who it's from." "If it's that bloody congressman who hired us to babysit his	[ 6219, 17680, 2440, 8020, 29889, 13, 6246, 306, 437, 505, 1554, 393, 756, 2337, 1063, 263, 760, 310, 590, 1207, 786, 29892, 322, 306, 6456, 746, 727, 9007, 29915, 29873, 3099, 306, 7656, 29915, 29873, 505, 2309, 363, 445, 767, 750, 540, 4433, 29889, 940, 11630, 756, 1554, 306, 864, 29892, 322, 306, 29915, 29885, 17762, 304, 437, 825, 372, 4893, 304, 679, 372, 29889, 13, 2744, 1228, 1855, 2133, 29889, 13, 8439, 29915, 29879, 3081, 297, 393, 408, 263, 6114, 29889, 13, 29902, 17819, 408, 306, 2058, 590, 6567, 373, 670, 1339, 29873, 1321, 384, 280, 29889, 376, 29911, 514, 592, 825, 366, 864, 592, 304, 437, 29892, 322, 306, 29915, 645, 437, 372, 1213, 13, 18654, 11013, 267, 297, 476, 948, 273, 29915, 29879, 5076, 408, 540, 2594, 267, 670, 25287, 297, 18766, 29889, 512, 263, 11013, 29892, 540, 29915, 29879, 28420, 592, 2898, 964, 1075, 363, 263, 20057, 29889, 3600, 13394, 18469, 7903, 29889, 2138, 9351, 592, 515, 278, 2768, 714, 29889, 3118, 310, 670, 6567, 5771, 304, 278, 1250, 310, 590, 2343, 29892, 278, 916, 304, 590, 1223, 304, 8206, 592, 28371, 2750, 670, 2898, 1302, 384, 29889, 13, 3868, 364, 4512, 670, 13394, 515, 7903, 29892, 2586, 292, 472, 590, 5224, 17441, 3412, 278, 982, 29889, 450, 380, 292, 310, 372, 3732, 592, 263, 1173, 411, 817, 29889, 13, 29934, 431, 10549, 263, 28968, 20928, 975, 590, 5224, 17441, 29892, 476, 948, 273, 29915, 29879, 6501, 3838, 1468, 453, 592, 8724, 3099, 306, 1033, 14034, 29889, 376, 29902, 864, 1554, 515, 366, 29892, 5875, 13493, 1213, 13, 3421, 521, 342, 338, 540, 5555, 29892, 322, 372, 29915, 29879, 2898, 304, 883, 5987, 3838, 29889, 376, 5618, 29915, 29879, 393, 3026, 13, 29908, 10858, 13394, 373, 592, 1699, 540, 6548, 3137, 1434, 11013, 292, 592, 263, 6013, 284, 867, 262, 408, 540, 8665, 304, 2125, 670, 1339, 29873, 1283, 29889, 13, 29902, 864, 304, 6416, 304, 590, 17905, 267, 1492, 445, 1473, 29892, 1363, 540, 29915, 29879, 6721, 592, 304, 29889, 306, 29915, 29881, 10932, 368, 437, 372, 29889, 306, 6456, 278, 21779, 310, 1075, 515, 577, 1472, 8020, 29892, 322, 306, 864, 372, 373, 590, 26820, 1449, 29889, 306, 18012, 278, 3081, 310, 2534, 1075, 297, 590, 13394, 29889, 13, 29908, 27407, 2820, 1699, 540, 11299, 4500, 600, 368, 29889, 450, 11315, 373, 278, 1055, 412, 701, 590, 18873, 544, 860, 793, 746, 670, 1339, 29873, 3732, 263, 670, 2976, 6047, 408, 540, 8206, 29879, 372, 3889, 515, 278, 12104, 29889, 13, 3421, 21152, 1369, 528, 5086, 29892, 322, 306, 508, 4459, 920, 21620, 26771, 11687, 7990, 306, 626, 925, 515, 825, 2217, 2586, 310, 26839, 1456, 591, 29915, 345, 750, 30003, 3242, 368, 515, 670, 3838, 322, 6501, 27584, 29889, 13, 29902, 2507, 14205, 3448, 515, 1075, 29892, 380, 4362, 9654, 368, 472, 278, 13290, 310, 590, 4694, 300, 29889, 13, 29908, 3481, 29879, 5742, 596, 1250, 1213, 13, 29908, 29968, 948, 273, 1699, 306, 25234, 332, 29892, 451, 297, 822, 8837, 541, 297, 3001, 1462, 1414, 29889, 13, 29908, 10454, 29892, 413, 16097, 1699, 540, 1634, 3687, 411, 263, 4482, 521, 2707, 280, 29889, 13, 13117, 841, 29889, 13, 3868, 1304, 304, 1246, 592, 393, 29889, 13, 3421, 6567, 748, 5742, 590, 1250, 29889, 838, 3242, 7389, 29892, 540, 29915, 29879, 26113, 278, 12003, 454, 1624, 310, 670, 1339, 29873, 2820, 963, 29889, 940, 4670, 6609, 372, 19932, 304, 988, 306, 508, 29915, 29873, 3889, 6142, 29892, 541, 727, 29915, 29879, 451, 385, 29871, 21543, 310, 6788, 411, 372, 29889, 13, 29968, 948, 273, 5304, 2820, 304, 590, 4565, 29889, 306, 5224, 590, 12642, 29872, 6336, 29892, 26508, 1474, 1014, 9894, 573, 5998, 306, 29915, 345, 2360, 1063, 21351, 701, 297, 590, 2834, 29889, 13, 29908, 9048, 29892, 694, 366, 1016, 29915, 29873, 1699, 540, 521, 2247, 29892, 10594, 670, 19917, 1090, 590, 521, 262, 29889, 940, 8249, 590, 5076, 701, 304, 5870, 670, 29889, 376, 3492, 3013, 596, 5076, 373, 592, 472, 599, 3064, 29889, 306, 11640, 366, 29892, 5875, 30098, 366, 29915, 276, 297, 8323, 1244, 1213, 13, 29902, 528, 2147, 29889, 13, 29908, 2831, 1286, 29892, 393, 338, 1699, 540, 626, 1975, 29889, 13, 2713, 1536, 2507, 964, 2989, 29899, 2587, 528, 566, 8623, 29889, 13, 29908, 29923, 3582, 373, 592, 1699, 540, 4083, 297, 1083, 4995, 29892, 769, 11174, 592, 411, 263, 1153, 29895, 728, 867, 262, 29889, 376, 2855, 679, 373, 596, 17905, 267, 1213, 13, 229, 161, 164, 30598, 396, 1457, 2098, 4810, 2287, 27085, 29901, 402, 1430, 2890, 3235, 313, 29470, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 6726, 396, 29896, 511, 6421, 2610, 29871, 29955, 386, 29901, 13, 30318, 350, 29987, 29940, 29901, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 29906, 18567, 25014, 29929, 29873, 529, 30003, 27474, 29871, 29946, 29914, 29941, 29900, 472, 350, 29987, 29940, 6824, 13, 29968, 948, 273, 13, 29902, 12891, 7656, 29915, 29873, 1234, 590, 9008, 1550, 263, 330, 3890, 681, 2654, 2813, 471, 15859, 263, 17820, 734, 559, 297, 590, 6592, 8345, 29892, 541, 372, 29915, 29879, 23647, 295, 12321, 29899, 29956, 1266, 5432, 29889, 1094, 590, 1473, 297, 8323, 472, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 1183, 7656, 29915, 29873, 1246, 6521, 372, 471, 4100, 29889, 19065, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 925, 1302, 384, 29891, 3307, 304, 2125, 263, 5381, 1246, 1550, 13442, 7333, 15377, 29889, 13, 29908, 4013, 2253, 367, 1781, 29892, 12321, 1699, 306, 1827, 3151, 29873, 368, 1156, 16791, 29889, 1619, 12642, 29872, 4192, 17741, 3926, 577, 23359, 304, 278, 4359, 29899, 6310, 12917, 310, 885, 327, 305, 297, 590, 1361, 1434, 2675, 304, 278, 6114, 15589, 3165, 15702, 590, 6592, 2490, 304, 777, 7679, 4823, 306, 1016, 29915, 29873, 18720, 29889, 2296, 6505, 267, 592, 1549, 9416, 29899, 29880, 2205, 287, 5076, 29892, 13797, 306, 29915, 645, 20751, 902, 29889, 13, 29908, 29902, 1016, 29915, 29873, 1073, 565, 1781, 338, 278, 1734, 1699, 1183, 4216, 3137, 29889, 376, 8439, 29915, 29879, 263, 3287, 310, 6909, 9701, 29892, 541, 366, 29915, 276, 451, 2675, 304, 763, 1058, 372, 29915, 29879, 515, 1213, 13, 29908, 3644, 372, 29915, 29879, 393, 6668, 1486, 378, 3663, 1171, 1058, 298, 2859, 502, 304, 289, 370, 952, 277, 670 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.973461	-0.773485	-1.293693	-1.534548
duffer son, the answer is no." That job had taught me there are some things money can't buy. "What the hell is a 'duffer'?" Rachel asks. "Someone who's useless," I say distractedly as the woman in front of me peels off her bra, exposing gloriously perky tits. "You Brits have a funny way of talking," Rachel replies. "Why couldn't you just have said 'useless'?" I feel the corners of my mouth turn upward into an amused smile, but she'll never know. My tone is one of impatience when I mutter, "Just tell me what the job is, and I'll approve or deny it." "It's Joslyn Meyers." My blood pressure instantly spikes, and I tighten my fingers so hard on my glass I'm surprised it doesn't shatter. It's difficult not to yell into the phone, but there's no mistaking the force of my words. "Not only no, but hell no. Whatever she needs, the answer is a bloody fucking no." "I think you should listen—" "I said 'no'," I bark into the phone but then immediately lower my voice. "Now is there anything else we need to discuss that doesn't have to do with Joslyn Meyers, or can I get back to what I was doing before you tried to ruin my night?" "She's in serious trouble," Rachel snaps. "Don't care," I snarl. "Her life is in danger." Every muscle in my body goes rigid. A slight sweat breaks out on my forehead that has nothing to do with the redhead shimmying out of her panties. I give a hard shake of my head, wondering why Joslyn still has the power to affect me after all these years. Still, I manage to grit out between my teeth, "Don't. Care." "That's what you want me to tell her?" Rachel asks calmly. "I don't give a shit what you tell her, as long as the word 'no' is somewhere in your sentence." I push away every bit of the concern for Joslyn that's starting to rear its ugly head. "Refer her over to Miller's agency. They do protection detail just fine." There's a long moment of silence as Rachel digests what I'm saying. She's well aware of my enmity toward the world-famous Joslyn Meyers, and I can't understand why she wants to fight me on this. I let my eyes roam all over the now fully naked woman—who is indeed a natural redhead—hoping it will distract me from this distasteful conversation. "Fine," Rachel says with a sigh. I feel elated to have this matter resolved, but I choose to ignore the fact I'm also strangely unsettled because it isn't—not for Joslyn anyway. "I understand and respect your decision. But you can tell her yourself." It doesn't quite penetrate what happens next because before I know it, Joslyn's soft voice comes over the line. "Kynan," she says hesitantly. I bolt upward in my chair, my spine stiff and unrelenting. Setting my glass on the table beside me, I see nothing even though I'm staring at the dancing woman who is now touching herself in the naughtiest way. "Kynan," Joslyn says again. Her voice quavers with emotion. "I could really use your help." I scrub a hand over my face, blinking stupidly at the woman across my bedroom as her hand works between her legs. She moans softly, but it doesn't touch me at all. My jaw locks hard for a moment, and I tell myself to stay strong. "We're not taking on celebrity detail anymore. We can refer you to a good agency to fit your needs." Not the full truth, but she doesn't need to know that. The Jameson Group has expanded greatly over the last two years since I bought it from Jerico Jameson in a seven-million-dollar deal. The first thing I did was change the name to Jameson Force Security to better reflect my new business model. While the biggest chunk of our business is mainstream work—protecting celebrities and installing top-of-the-line security systems—our most lucrative contract	[ 868, 29888, 571, 1487, 29892, 278, 1234, 338, 694, 1213, 2193, 4982, 750, 16187, 592, 727, 526, 777, 2712, 6909, 508, 29915, 29873, 15649, 29889, 13, 29908, 5618, 278, 23927, 338, 263, 525, 700, 29888, 571, 29915, 3026, 23647, 295, 19514, 29889, 13, 29908, 9526, 650, 1058, 29915, 29879, 19315, 1699, 306, 1827, 1320, 1461, 23244, 408, 278, 6114, 297, 4565, 310, 592, 1236, 1379, 1283, 902, 4105, 29892, 14060, 292, 3144, 272, 17365, 639, 3459, 260, 1169, 29889, 13, 29908, 3492, 3230, 29879, 505, 263, 2090, 1460, 982, 310, 9963, 1699, 23647, 295, 1634, 3687, 29889, 376, 11008, 8496, 29915, 29873, 366, 925, 505, 1497, 525, 375, 6393, 29915, 3026, 13, 29902, 4459, 278, 26995, 310, 590, 13394, 2507, 701, 1328, 964, 385, 626, 3880, 17819, 29892, 541, 1183, 29915, 645, 2360, 1073, 29889, 1619, 16225, 338, 697, 310, 2411, 24701, 746, 306, 5478, 357, 29892, 376, 14084, 2649, 592, 825, 278, 4982, 338, 29892, 322, 306, 29915, 645, 2134, 345, 470, 972, 29891, 372, 1213, 13, 29908, 3112, 29915, 29879, 5875, 13493, 18154, 414, 1213, 13, 3421, 10416, 12959, 26232, 805, 29379, 29892, 322, 306, 19932, 264, 590, 23915, 577, 2898, 373, 590, 12917, 306, 29915, 29885, 18014, 372, 1838, 29915, 29873, 528, 2620, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 5189, 451, 304, 343, 514, 964, 278, 9008, 29892, 541, 727, 29915, 29879, 694, 5862, 5086, 278, 4889, 310, 590, 3838, 29889, 376, 3664, 871, 694, 29892, 541, 23927, 694, 29889, 806, 5564, 1183, 4225, 29892, 278, 1234, 338, 263, 6668, 1486, 285, 2707, 292, 694, 1213, 13, 29908, 29902, 1348, 366, 881, 11621, 30003, 29908, 13, 29908, 29902, 1497, 525, 1217, 742, 29908, 306, 289, 935, 964, 278, 9008, 541, 769, 7389, 5224, 590, 7314, 29889, 376, 10454, 338, 727, 3099, 1683, 591, 817, 304, 5353, 393, 1838, 29915, 29873, 505, 304, 437, 411, 5875, 13493, 18154, 414, 29892, 470, 508, 306, 679, 1250, 304, 825, 306, 471, 2599, 1434, 366, 1898, 304, 5796, 262, 590, 4646, 3026, 13, 29908, 13468, 29915, 29879, 297, 10676, 7458, 1699, 23647, 295, 5807, 2547, 29889, 13, 29908, 10310, 29915, 29873, 2562, 1699, 306, 5807, 279, 29880, 29889, 13, 29908, 18650, 2834, 338, 297, 9703, 1213, 13, 26526, 2301, 2841, 297, 590, 3573, 5771, 12912, 333, 29889, 319, 7248, 7901, 271, 16706, 714, 373, 590, 26839, 2813, 393, 756, 3078, 304, 437, 411, 278, 2654, 2813, 528, 326, 1357, 292, 714, 310, 902, 282, 424, 583, 29889, 306, 2367, 263, 2898, 528, 1296, 310, 590, 2343, 29892, 9873, 2020, 5875, 13493, 1603, 756, 278, 3081, 304, 6602, 592, 1156, 599, 1438, 2440, 29889, 12074, 29892, 306, 10933, 304, 330, 768, 714, 1546, 590, 25287, 29892, 376, 10310, 29915, 29873, 29889, 10057, 1213, 13, 29908, 7058, 29915, 29879, 825, 366, 864, 592, 304, 2649, 902, 3026, 23647, 295, 19514, 21732, 368, 29889, 13, 29908, 29902, 1016, 29915, 29873, 2367, 263, 528, 277, 825, 366, 2649, 902, 29892, 408, 1472, 408, 278, 1734, 525, 1217, 29915, 338, 9051, 297, 596, 10541, 1213, 306, 5503, 3448, 1432, 2586, 310, 278, 5932, 363, 5875, 13493, 393, 29915, 29879, 6257, 304, 18983, 967, 22769, 2343, 29889, 376, 1123, 571, 902, 975, 304, 16498, 29915, 29879, 946, 3819, 29889, 2688, 437, 13047, 9493, 925, 2691, 1213, 13, 8439, 29915, 29879, 263, 1472, 3256, 310, 15142, 408, 23647, 295, 4697, 9197, 825, 306, 29915, 29885, 5934, 29889, 2296, 29915, 29879, 1532, 9543, 310, 590, 427, 29885, 537, 11183, 278, 3186, 29899, 29888, 314, 681, 5875, 13493, 18154, 414, 29892, 322, 306, 508, 29915, 29873, 2274, 2020, 1183, 10753, 304, 8589, 592, 373, 445, 29889, 306, 1235, 590, 5076, 696, 314, 599, 975, 278, 1286, 8072, 302, 12535, 6114, 30003, 15970, 338, 6200, 263, 5613, 2654, 2813, 30003, 29882, 459, 292, 372, 674, 1320, 1461, 592, 515, 445, 1320, 4350, 1319, 14983, 29889, 13, 29908, 29943, 457, 1699, 23647, 295, 4083, 411, 263, 269, 1141, 29889, 13, 29902, 4459, 560, 630, 304, 505, 445, 4383, 11527, 29892, 541, 306, 6755, 304, 11455, 278, 2114, 306, 29915, 29885, 884, 851, 574, 873, 443, 9915, 839, 1363, 372, 3508, 29915, 29873, 30003, 1333, 363, 5875, 13493, 8763, 29889, 13, 29908, 29902, 2274, 322, 3390, 596, 10608, 29889, 1205, 366, 508, 2649, 902, 7535, 1213, 13, 3112, 1838, 29915, 29873, 3755, 6584, 300, 10492, 825, 5930, 2446, 1363, 1434, 306, 1073, 372, 29892, 5875, 13493, 29915, 29879, 4964, 7314, 5304, 975, 278, 1196, 29889, 376, 29968, 948, 273, 1699, 1183, 4083, 19066, 277, 10835, 29889, 13, 29902, 289, 14339, 701, 1328, 297, 590, 11774, 29892, 590, 805, 457, 380, 2593, 322, 443, 2674, 296, 292, 29889, 21605, 590, 12917, 373, 278, 1591, 17620, 592, 29892, 306, 1074, 3078, 1584, 2466, 306, 29915, 29885, 380, 4362, 472, 278, 6025, 3277, 6114, 1058, 338, 1286, 6023, 292, 8735, 297, 278, 302, 6482, 12239, 982, 29889, 13, 29908, 29968, 948, 273, 1699, 5875, 13493, 4083, 1449, 29889, 2439, 7314, 439, 29874, 874, 411, 953, 8194, 29889, 376, 29902, 1033, 2289, 671, 596, 1371, 1213, 13, 29902, 14387, 431, 263, 1361, 975, 590, 3700, 29892, 1999, 18159, 20239, 368, 472, 278, 6114, 4822, 590, 6592, 8345, 408, 902, 1361, 1736, 1546, 902, 21152, 29889, 2296, 2730, 550, 4964, 368, 29892, 541, 372, 1838, 29915, 29873, 6023, 592, 472, 599, 29889, 13, 3421, 432, 1450, 658, 4684, 2898, 363, 263, 3256, 29892, 322, 306, 2649, 6142, 304, 7952, 4549, 29889, 376, 4806, 29915, 276, 451, 5622, 373, 10894, 537, 9493, 15128, 29889, 1334, 508, 2737, 366, 304, 263, 1781, 946, 3819, 304, 6216, 596, 4225, 1213, 13, 3664, 278, 2989, 8760, 29892, 541, 1183, 1838, 29915, 29873, 817, 304, 1073, 393, 29889, 13, 1576, 5011, 265, 6431, 756, 17832, 11180, 975, 278, 1833, 1023, 2440, 1951, 306, 18093, 372, 515, 5677, 1417, 5011, 265, 297, 263, 9881, 29899, 19958, 291, 29899, 29881, 26810, 5376, 29889, 450, 937, 2655, 306, 1258, 471, 1735, 278, 1024, 304, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 304, 2253, 9432, 590, 716, 5381, 1904, 29889, 5806, 278, 24842, 19875, 310, 1749, 5381, 338, 1667, 5461, 664, 30003, 14676, 312, 292, 7793, 26549, 583, 322, 15476, 2246, 29899, 974, 29899, 1552, 29899, 1220, 6993, 6757, 30003, 473, 1556, 21626, 29878, 1230, 8078 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.750662	-0.573626	-0.95567	-1.289162
s still came from the United States government and other foreign allies for "specialized" work that can be hard to come by. Or more accurately… hard to get approval for. Jameson Force Security has become the go-to private security contractor. We offer the type of "off-the-books invisibility" a government might need when doing top-secret covert work. And because the mainstream part of the business is running like a well-oiled, money-making machine and I've been getting a bit bored, I've decided to expand the covert-operations part. Because of that, Jameson Force Security was born, developed, and is now ready to take on more work. So ready, in fact, I'm on the verge of opening a new set of offices in Pittsburgh as I need to be in better proximity to Washington, D.C. Rachel had asked me why I didn't just move to D.C., but I can't stand the place. I've always loved Pittsburgh, though. It's a city rooted in steel, grit, and determination, which is exactly the way I'd describe Jameson Force Security. I'm going to relocate to Pittsburgh and Rachel is going to stay in Vegas to run the private-security portion of the business. "If it's a matter of money—" Joslyn says, interrupting my straying thoughts. I cut her off. "It's not." "Please, Kynan," she implores, and I can hear the watery tears in her voice. Thankfully, I'm momentarily distracted when the redhead crawls on her hands and knees toward me. Blue eyes flashing with heat, her tits swaying provocatively. Silently, and with a little bit of satisfaction, I realize this woman before me is exactly what I want and need, while the woman on the phone, probably sitting in her multimillion-dollar Malibu mansion, is not. Hands come to my thighs, slide up, and work at my belt. My cock finally deciding to get into the game, it starts to thicken at the prospect. I settle into the chair, lifting my hips briefly so she can reach inside my pants to pull me free. I suppress a groan as her hand circles me tight and starts to stroke. Reaching out, I cup her breast, relishing the weight of it before giving her nipple a pinch. Her lush lips peel into a wicked smile right before she puts her mouth on me. Fuck yeah. That's exactly what I need. My hand goes to her hair, fingers gripping her fiery locks tightly. Using my grasp as a piston, I help her bob up and down, starting to get lost in the sensation. "He almost killed me last night," Joslyn says and for a moment, her words don't register. But then they do, and I roughly yank the redhead off my cock. Her eyes widen in surprise, but I shake my head as I sit upright in my chair again. "What?" I manage to rasp out. "A stalker," she whispers. "He's been harassing me for a really long time. Last night, though, he actually managed to break into my house. I couldn't get to my panic room in time." The air in my lungs freezes. She has a panic room. Which means she's been battling a serious threat. Everything around me seems to slow as my ears ring with her revelation. "He heard the sirens approaching before he could…" When she abruptly stops, bile rises in my throat. She coughs before finishing softly. "He ran off, and they didn't catch him." I clear my throat from the thick emotion that has built up. "Where are you? Is someone with you now?" Joslyn mirthlessly laughs. "I'm in your office. Over on Clarke Avenue." She's here? In Vegas? "Put Rachel on the phone," I instruct, my words clipped and impersonal. There's an indistinct murmuring between the women as the phone gets passed. Rachel's brisk and professional voice comes through. "What do you want me to do?" Longingly, I stare at the redhead who has since moved over to lounge in a sexy pose on my bed. I want to get lost in her. Want	[ 29879, 1603, 2996, 515, 278, 3303, 3900, 5874, 322, 916, 9117, 394, 3687, 363, 376, 18732, 1891, 29908, 664, 393, 508, 367, 2898, 304, 2041, 491, 29889, 13, 2816, 901, 7913, 2486, 30098, 2898, 304, 679, 2134, 791, 363, 29889, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 756, 4953, 278, 748, 29899, 517, 2024, 6993, 8078, 272, 29889, 1334, 5957, 278, 1134, 310, 376, 2696, 29899, 1552, 29899, 12733, 297, 28814, 29908, 263, 5874, 1795, 817, 746, 2599, 2246, 29899, 19024, 4612, 29873, 664, 29889, 13, 2855, 1363, 278, 1667, 5461, 760, 310, 278, 5381, 338, 2734, 763, 263, 1532, 29899, 29877, 2356, 29892, 6909, 29899, 28990, 4933, 322, 306, 29915, 345, 1063, 2805, 263, 2586, 289, 4395, 29892, 306, 29915, 345, 8459, 304, 7985, 278, 4612, 29873, 29899, 3372, 800, 760, 29889, 7311, 310, 393, 29892, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 471, 6345, 29892, 8906, 29892, 322, 338, 1286, 7960, 304, 2125, 373, 901, 664, 29889, 13, 6295, 7960, 29892, 297, 2114, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 373, 278, 1147, 479, 310, 8718, 263, 716, 731, 310, 25222, 297, 27150, 13903, 408, 306, 817, 304, 367, 297, 2253, 23203, 537, 304, 7660, 29892, 360, 29889, 29907, 29889, 23647, 295, 750, 4433, 592, 2020, 306, 3282, 29915, 29873, 925, 4337, 304, 360, 29889, 29907, 1696, 541, 306, 508, 29915, 29873, 2317, 278, 2058, 29889, 306, 29915, 345, 2337, 18012, 27150, 13903, 29892, 2466, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 263, 4272, 3876, 287, 297, 22973, 29892, 330, 768, 29892, 322, 3683, 3381, 29892, 607, 338, 3721, 278, 982, 306, 29915, 29881, 8453, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 29889, 306, 29915, 29885, 2675, 304, 337, 2029, 403, 304, 27150, 13903, 322, 23647, 295, 338, 2675, 304, 7952, 297, 17236, 294, 304, 1065, 278, 2024, 29899, 8926, 11910, 310, 278, 5381, 29889, 13, 29908, 3644, 372, 29915, 29879, 263, 4383, 310, 6909, 30003, 29908, 5875, 13493, 4083, 29892, 23754, 292, 590, 380, 764, 292, 13133, 29889, 13, 29902, 5700, 902, 1283, 29889, 376, 3112, 29915, 29879, 451, 1213, 13, 29908, 12148, 29892, 476, 948, 273, 1699, 1183, 13374, 2361, 29892, 322, 306, 508, 8293, 278, 16699, 708, 20190, 297, 902, 7314, 29889, 13, 25271, 3730, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 3256, 6275, 1320, 1461, 287, 746, 278, 2654, 2813, 29349, 3137, 373, 902, 6567, 322, 17905, 267, 11183, 592, 29889, 10924, 5076, 11013, 292, 411, 12871, 29892, 902, 260, 1169, 269, 1582, 292, 25725, 6703, 29889, 5664, 2705, 29892, 322, 411, 263, 2217, 2586, 310, 26470, 29892, 306, 16289, 445, 6114, 1434, 592, 338, 3721, 825, 306, 864, 322, 817, 29892, 1550, 278, 6114, 373, 278, 9008, 29892, 3117, 16246, 297, 902, 1773, 326, 453, 291, 29899, 29881, 26810, 3792, 747, 29884, 286, 9454, 29892, 338, 451, 29889, 13, 3481, 29879, 2041, 304, 590, 266, 1141, 29879, 29892, 20343, 701, 29892, 322, 664, 472, 590, 1339, 29873, 29889, 1619, 1302, 384, 7146, 1602, 4821, 304, 679, 964, 278, 3748, 29892, 372, 8665, 304, 12003, 264, 472, 278, 27289, 29889, 306, 3604, 280, 964, 278, 11774, 29892, 11747, 1259, 590, 298, 4512, 23359, 577, 1183, 508, 6159, 2768, 590, 282, 1934, 304, 8206, 592, 3889, 29889, 13, 29902, 21301, 263, 4071, 273, 408, 902, 1361, 22558, 592, 19932, 322, 8665, 304, 19782, 29889, 830, 9733, 714, 29892, 306, 18002, 902, 24207, 29892, 1104, 14424, 278, 7688, 310, 372, 1434, 6820, 902, 6836, 407, 280, 263, 12534, 305, 29889, 2439, 301, 1878, 17186, 1236, 295, 964, 263, 281, 17840, 17819, 1492, 1434, 1183, 15223, 902, 13394, 373, 592, 29889, 13, 29943, 2707, 21915, 29889, 2193, 29915, 29879, 3721, 825, 306, 817, 29889, 13, 3421, 1361, 5771, 304, 902, 11315, 29892, 23915, 330, 374, 3262, 902, 21334, 29891, 658, 4684, 19932, 368, 29889, 5293, 590, 25274, 408, 263, 282, 391, 265, 29892, 306, 1371, 902, 289, 711, 701, 322, 1623, 29892, 6257, 304, 679, 5714, 297, 278, 4771, 362, 29889, 13, 29908, 3868, 4359, 9445, 592, 1833, 4646, 1699, 5875, 13493, 4083, 322, 363, 263, 3256, 29892, 902, 3838, 1016, 29915, 29873, 6036, 29889, 13, 6246, 769, 896, 437, 29892, 322, 306, 20928, 343, 804, 278, 2654, 2813, 1283, 590, 1302, 384, 29889, 2439, 5076, 281, 3615, 297, 16671, 29892, 541, 306, 528, 1296, 590, 2343, 408, 306, 7845, 318, 558, 523, 297, 590, 11774, 1449, 29889, 13, 29908, 5618, 3026, 306, 10933, 304, 364, 4692, 714, 29889, 13, 29908, 29909, 380, 2235, 261, 1699, 1183, 17352, 6774, 29889, 376, 3868, 29915, 29879, 1063, 4023, 465, 292, 592, 363, 263, 2289, 1472, 931, 29889, 9208, 4646, 29892, 2466, 29892, 540, 2869, 8745, 304, 2867, 964, 590, 3699, 29889, 306, 8496, 29915, 29873, 679, 304, 590, 7243, 293, 5716, 297, 931, 1213, 13, 1576, 4799, 297, 590, 301, 3085, 3889, 10947, 29889, 2296, 756, 263, 7243, 293, 5716, 29889, 8449, 2794, 1183, 29915, 29879, 1063, 8957, 1847, 263, 10676, 28469, 29889, 17296, 2820, 592, 2444, 304, 5232, 408, 590, 22827, 9228, 411, 902, 20474, 362, 29889, 13, 29908, 3868, 6091, 278, 8889, 575, 28702, 1434, 540, 1033, 30098, 29908, 1932, 1183, 633, 6685, 368, 17726, 29892, 289, 488, 364, 4637, 297, 590, 20961, 271, 29889, 2296, 274, 820, 29879, 1434, 28321, 4964, 368, 29889, 376, 3868, 6350, 1283, 29892, 322, 896, 3282, 29915, 29873, 4380, 1075, 1213, 13, 29902, 2821, 590, 20961, 271, 515, 278, 12003, 953, 8194, 393, 756, 4240, 701, 29889, 376, 11921, 526, 366, 29973, 1317, 4856, 411, 366, 1286, 3026, 13, 29967, 359, 13493, 286, 7515, 23769, 10569, 29879, 29889, 376, 29902, 29915, 29885, 297, 596, 8034, 29889, 6811, 373, 15183, 446, 18874, 1213, 13, 13468, 29915, 29879, 1244, 29973, 13, 797, 17236, 294, 29973, 13, 29908, 22908, 23647, 295, 373, 278, 9008, 1699, 306, 18690, 29892, 590, 3838, 9335, 2986, 322, 2411, 1330, 284, 29889, 13, 8439, 29915, 29879, 385, 1399, 391, 5562, 25234, 3864, 1546, 278, 5866, 408, 278, 9008, 4947, 4502, 29889, 23647, 295, 29915, 29879, 1506, 3873, 322, 10257, 7314, 5304, 1549, 29889, 376, 5618, 437, 366, 864, 592, 304, 437, 3026, 13, 8208, 11687, 29892, 306, 380, 598, 472, 278, 2654, 2813, 1058, 756, 1951, 6153, 975, 304, 301, 1309, 479, 297, 263, 409, 3594, 18593, 373, 590, 6592, 29889, 306, 864, 304, 679, 5714, 297, 902, 29889, 399, 424 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.832174	-0.543311	-0.830145	-1.496602
PI ladies! I saw leaves falling outside my window today. Although fall in New England is breathtaking, it's still a reminder that my favorite season–summer–is almost over. It's also a reminder that it'll soon be time to pull out our fall gear, make sure we have everything we need and maybe even add some fresh looks to our style. If you're looking for some fall fashion ideas, you're in luck–I'm about to offer you a jumbo-sized presentation! And the best part? These selections are not only affordable, but they're also modest and über stylish. Because, after all, only modest is hottest for us Christian gals! Fall fashion to me means longer sleeves and extra layers in the many warm colors of the season. The temperatures are still pretty warm as the season begins, but the evenings get colder faster, and warm days become less frequent as the chill starts to kick in. But those layers don't have to cover up your style! I've decided to shop for more dresses. I think they're the easier option since they're only one piece. Dresses save time! What do you think, ladies? My selection begins with a pretty soft sienna dress with an elastic waist and flared skirt. The sleeves feature crocheted details. This is a lovely relaxed look that's great for when the season begins to cool. Next is more of a tailored dress with a round neckline, capped sleeves and straight skirt. If you do consider this style, make sure no cleavage shows and the skirt is not tight or short. Last is a lovely sweater dress in a beautiful fall green. Sweater dresses are so comfortable and feminine, and they go great with tall boots and opaque nylons! The shirts I've selected are quite tailored. Each example offers various features that add some dimension to their styles, such as collars, pockets, crocheted lace and tassel ties. These designs may seem a little formal, but don't be fooled–they can be worn casually, such as in the picture above with the jeans. As the weather gets cooler, you'll need some items to keep the chill out. I thought it would be fun to add a poncho to the mix, and they look great with a pair of jeans or a skirt. Or opt for a knitted pullover with a hood. Both are lightweight, so you can wear them as the day cools into the evening. A simple cardigan in a beautiful fall hue is also an option, and the cream cable vest with tie waist goes with pretty much anything. I wanted to come up with some fun skirts, but the majority of them are just too short or not very stylish at all, in my opinion. The long tiered maxi skirt in the above picture did catch my eye, however, and I think it looks great with the rest of the model's ensemble. I would add a little color though–maybe with a scarf and handbag. Looking for some pants to fit into your fall collection? If you don't have a great pair of modest jeans, how about some wide leg flares? The wide leg linen pants on the right are so elegant. A light material is perfect for fall pants because it accommodates for the temperature transition in a typical fall day. Both styles go great with the tops and sweaters in this collection. As the weather gets colder, you'll eventually have to add a coat to your outfits. But coats don't have to hide your fun fall ensembles. Instead, they can be a part of them. All fall wardrobes should include a denim jacket for a casual look, I believe. The red corduroy jacket on the right features a faux shearling collar and adds color to complete your outfit. The double-breasted coats above are stunning and versatile. When selecting a fall coat, you want it to go with everything you have, so be particular about the color you choose. Adding the coat to your look can be the final touch, but it doesn't have to be. You can add accessories! This is where the fun really starts. The image above is a great example of how accessories play a huge part in your fall look. In fact, items such as scarves are a fantastic way of adding color and life to your ensemble. The scarves above are	[ 349, 29902, 22281, 29991, 306, 4446, 11308, 20327, 5377, 590, 3474, 9826, 29889, 8512, 6416, 297, 1570, 5408, 338, 2078, 271, 400, 5086, 29892, 372, 29915, 29879, 1603, 263, 1083, 4995, 393, 590, 25448, 4259, 29994, 2083, 1050, 29994, 275, 4359, 975, 29889, 13, 3112, 29915, 29879, 884, 263, 1083, 4995, 393, 372, 29915, 645, 4720, 367, 931, 304, 8206, 714, 1749, 6416, 330, 799, 29892, 1207, 1854, 591, 505, 4129, 591, 817, 322, 5505, 1584, 788, 777, 10849, 3430, 304, 1749, 3114, 29889, 13, 3644, 366, 29915, 276, 3063, 363, 777, 6416, 13460, 7014, 29892, 366, 29915, 276, 297, 9885, 29994, 29902, 29915, 29885, 1048, 304, 5957, 366, 263, 432, 398, 833, 29899, 29879, 1891, 24329, 29991, 1126, 278, 1900, 760, 29973, 4525, 409, 5942, 526, 451, 871, 21750, 519, 29892, 541, 896, 29915, 276, 884, 878, 342, 322, 2939, 15877, 1674, 29889, 7311, 29892, 1156, 599, 29892, 871, 878, 342, 338, 298, 1501, 342, 363, 502, 6111, 330, 1338, 29991, 13, 29943, 497, 13460, 304, 592, 2794, 5520, 12844, 29872, 1960, 322, 4805, 15359, 297, 278, 1784, 14294, 11955, 310, 278, 4259, 29889, 450, 6238, 3698, 526, 1603, 5051, 14294, 408, 278, 4259, 16410, 29892, 541, 278, 1584, 886, 679, 784, 672, 8473, 29892, 322, 14294, 3841, 4953, 3109, 17091, 408, 278, 521, 453, 8665, 304, 24817, 297, 29889, 1205, 1906, 15359, 1016, 29915, 29873, 505, 304, 4612, 701, 596, 3114, 29991, 13, 29902, 29915, 345, 8459, 304, 18296, 363, 901, 10714, 267, 29889, 306, 1348, 896, 29915, 276, 278, 6775, 2984, 1951, 896, 29915, 276, 871, 697, 8424, 29889, 360, 1253, 267, 4078, 931, 29991, 1724, 437, 366, 1348, 29892, 22281, 29973, 13, 3421, 9262, 16410, 411, 263, 5051, 4964, 269, 819, 1056, 10714, 411, 385, 560, 6288, 11324, 391, 322, 17422, 1127, 2071, 2728, 29889, 450, 12844, 29872, 1960, 4682, 8182, 305, 300, 287, 4902, 29889, 910, 338, 263, 12355, 873, 26681, 287, 1106, 393, 29915, 29879, 2107, 363, 746, 278, 4259, 16410, 304, 12528, 29889, 8084, 338, 901, 310, 263, 12464, 4395, 10714, 411, 263, 4513, 18873, 1220, 29892, 274, 17280, 12844, 29872, 1960, 322, 7812, 2071, 2728, 29889, 960, 366, 437, 2050, 445, 3114, 29892, 1207, 1854, 694, 4531, 485, 482, 3697, 322, 278, 2071, 2728, 338, 451, 19932, 470, 3273, 29889, 9208, 338, 263, 12355, 873, 7901, 1008, 10714, 297, 263, 9560, 6416, 7933, 29889, 317, 705, 1008, 10714, 267, 526, 577, 25561, 322, 21991, 457, 29892, 322, 896, 748, 2107, 411, 15655, 1045, 1862, 322, 1015, 19772, 302, 2904, 787, 29991, 13, 1576, 528, 381, 1372, 306, 29915, 345, 4629, 526, 3755, 12464, 4395, 29889, 7806, 1342, 16688, 5164, 5680, 393, 788, 777, 9927, 304, 1009, 11949, 29892, 1316, 408, 5321, 1503, 29892, 772, 9737, 29892, 8182, 305, 300, 287, 425, 346, 322, 260, 465, 295, 260, 583, 29889, 13, 1349, 968, 25517, 1122, 2833, 263, 2217, 11595, 29892, 541, 1016, 29915, 29873, 367, 7953, 839, 29994, 19562, 508, 367, 28043, 3209, 1474, 29892, 1316, 408, 297, 278, 7623, 2038, 411, 278, 1444, 550, 29889, 13, 2887, 278, 14826, 4947, 12528, 261, 29892, 366, 29915, 645, 817, 777, 4452, 304, 3013, 278, 521, 453, 714, 29889, 13, 29902, 2714, 372, 723, 367, 2090, 304, 788, 263, 12509, 1859, 304, 278, 6837, 29892, 322, 896, 1106, 2107, 411, 263, 5101, 310, 1444, 550, 470, 263, 2071, 2728, 29889, 1394, 3523, 363, 263, 889, 4430, 9505, 417, 369, 411, 263, 298, 2092, 29889, 9134, 526, 3578, 7915, 29892, 577, 366, 508, 19531, 963, 408, 278, 2462, 1302, 3775, 964, 278, 11005, 29889, 13, 29909, 2560, 5881, 11163, 297, 263, 9560, 6416, 298, 434, 338, 884, 385, 2984, 29892, 322, 278, 907, 314, 21387, 16779, 411, 22134, 11324, 391, 5771, 411, 5051, 1568, 3099, 29889, 13, 29902, 5131, 304, 2041, 701, 411, 777, 2090, 2071, 381, 1372, 29892, 541, 278, 13638, 310, 963, 526, 925, 2086, 3273, 470, 451, 1407, 15877, 1674, 472, 599, 29892, 297, 590, 9426, 29889, 13, 1576, 1472, 26485, 287, 4236, 29875, 2071, 2728, 297, 278, 2038, 7623, 1258, 4380, 590, 10977, 29892, 3138, 29892, 322, 306, 1348, 372, 3430, 2107, 411, 278, 1791, 310, 278, 1904, 29915, 29879, 21285, 29889, 306, 723, 788, 263, 2217, 2927, 2466, 29994, 26026, 411, 263, 21990, 29888, 322, 1361, 23156, 29889, 13, 14959, 292, 363, 777, 282, 1934, 304, 6216, 964, 596, 6416, 4333, 29973, 960, 366, 1016, 29915, 29873, 505, 263, 2107, 5101, 310, 878, 342, 1444, 550, 29892, 920, 1048, 777, 9377, 2814, 1652, 5114, 29973, 13, 1576, 9377, 2814, 6276, 264, 282, 1934, 373, 278, 1492, 526, 577, 19232, 29889, 319, 3578, 5518, 338, 4922, 363, 6416, 282, 1934, 1363, 372, 24803, 1078, 363, 278, 10430, 9558, 297, 263, 15662, 6416, 2462, 29889, 9134, 11949, 748, 2107, 411, 278, 304, 567, 322, 7901, 10412, 297, 445, 4333, 29889, 13, 2887, 278, 14826, 4947, 784, 672, 29892, 366, 29915, 645, 10201, 505, 304, 788, 263, 24296, 304, 596, 714, 29888, 1169, 29889, 1205, 1302, 1446, 1016, 29915, 29873, 505, 304, 9563, 596, 2090, 6416, 5662, 1590, 793, 29889, 8669, 29892, 896, 508, 367, 263, 760, 310, 963, 29889, 13, 3596, 6416, 281, 538, 307, 5707, 881, 3160, 263, 972, 326, 28015, 300, 363, 263, 3209, 950, 1106, 29892, 306, 4658, 29889, 450, 2654, 13793, 2192, 29891, 28015, 300, 373, 278, 1492, 5680, 263, 285, 2993, 1183, 279, 1847, 784, 4675, 322, 12778, 2927, 304, 4866, 596, 714, 9202, 29889, 13, 1576, 3765, 29899, 1030, 28470, 1302, 1446, 2038, 526, 380, 27389, 322, 1224, 24285, 29889, 1932, 18851, 263, 6416, 24296, 29892, 366, 864, 372, 304, 748, 411, 4129, 366, 505, 29892, 577, 367, 3153, 1048, 278, 2927, 366, 6755, 29889, 13, 2528, 292, 278, 24296, 304, 596, 1106, 508, 367, 278, 2186, 6023, 29892, 541, 372, 1838, 29915, 29873, 505, 304, 367, 29889, 887, 508, 788, 2130, 3842, 29991, 910, 338, 988, 278, 2090, 2289, 8665, 29889, 13, 1576, 1967, 2038, 338, 263, 2107, 1342, 310, 920, 2130, 3842, 1708, 263, 12176, 760, 297, 596, 6416, 1106, 29889, 512, 2114, 29892, 4452, 1316, 408, 21990, 1960, 526, 263, 13568, 6288, 982, 310, 4417, 2927, 322, 2834, 304, 596, 21285, 29889, 13, 1576, 21990, 1960, 2038, 526 ]	1,024	C4	1.16909	-1.735793	-1.494534	-0.501223
The Silver Ships Series, Book 5 By: S. H. Jucha Narrated by: Grover Gardner Series: The Silver Ships, Book 5 Categories: Science Fiction & Fantasy, Science Fiction £7.99/month after 30 days. Renews automatically. A Silver Ships Novel Trouble infiltrated the Harakens' capital city of Espero, in the form of New Terra criminal gangs who grew wealthy and powerful on the moons of Ganymede, hiding behind the cover of an ill-conceived mining charter. The gangs brought stims and addictive hallucinogenic drugs to Espero, distributing them to the young on the planet. Another awesome one !!!! By Ostfeld on 19-09-18 Expeditionary Force, Book 1 By: Craig Alanson Narrated by: R.C. Bray We were fighting on the wrong side of a war we couldn't win. And that was the good news. The Ruhar hit us on Columbus Day. There we were, innocently drifting along the cosmos on our little blue marble, like the native Americans in 1492. Over the horizon come ships of a technologically advanced, aggressive culture, and BAM! There go the good old days, when humans only got killed by each other. So, Columbus Day. It fits. When the morning sky twinkled again, this time with Kristang starships jumping in to hammer the Ruhar, we thought we were saved. Hampsters, Beer Cans & Cheese Burgers By S. Morris on 05-03-17 Pyreans, Book 1 Narrated by: Nicole Poole Captain Jessie Cinders faces a hazardous choice. The murderer of the governor's nephew stands before him. But, the frightened teenager, Aurelia Garmenti, doesn't resemble the commandant's description of the vicious, hardened killer his security forces seek. You have to listen to it By CJSILV on 27-01-21 No Honor in Death Siobhan Dunmoore Series, Book 1 By: Eric Thomson Narrated by: Eric Michael Summerer Siobhan Dunmoore was not having a good war. She's had more ships shot out from under her by the invading Shrehari Empire than any other officer in the Fleet. Some called her overly aggressive. Others simply called her reckless. What the enemy called her was something else altogether. That she gave the Shrehari a good drubbing along the way didn't matter in the least, because not all her enemies wore an Imperial uniform. No honour in death By John. A. B. Berley on 25-07-17 Shattered Galaxy The Complete After the Galaxy Series Box Set By: Scott Bartlett Narrated by: Mark Boyett Raised fatherless in a galactic Brinktown, Joe Pikeman only ever wanted to escape. The Galactic Guard offered that escape, with the promise of regular meals to boot. Now Joe is a full Guardsman, with his own ship and a snide partner bot who hates humans almost as much as he hates other bots. To the pirates he hunts, Joe is known as the Butcher. His bloody reputation has landed him in the center of a sweeping conspiracy that threatens to stamp out the galaxy's last surviving human settlements. Mark Boyet's delivery of scify audiobooks is top Steel World Undying Mercenaries, Book 1 By: B. V. Larson In the twentieth century Earth sent probes, transmissions and welcoming messages to the stars. Unfortunately, someone noticed. The Galactics arrived with their battle fleet in 2052. Rather than being exterminated under a barrage of hell-burners, Earth joined their vast Empire. Swearing allegiance to our distant alien overlords wasn't the only requirement for survival. We also had to have something of value to trade, something that neighboring planets would pay their hard-earned credits to buy. Should I start this series By luke on 10-06-15 Midshipman Henry Gallant in Space The Henry Gallant Saga, Book 1 By: H	[ 450, 16466, 1383, 4512, 10488, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29945, 13, 2059, 29901, 317, 29889, 379, 29889, 435, 26609, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 6070, 369, 15971, 1089, 13, 19204, 29901, 450, 16466, 1383, 4512, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29945, 13, 29907, 14404, 29901, 9327, 383, 2463, 669, 18089, 8995, 29892, 9327, 383, 2463, 13, 30155, 29955, 29889, 29929, 29929, 29914, 10874, 1156, 29871, 29941, 29900, 3841, 29889, 7493, 809, 29879, 6336, 29889, 13, 29909, 16466, 1383, 4512, 2864, 295, 13, 2308, 2074, 297, 1777, 509, 630, 278, 3536, 557, 575, 29915, 7483, 4272, 310, 3423, 546, 29877, 29892, 297, 278, 883, 310, 1570, 20839, 22161, 20676, 29879, 1058, 13631, 17173, 29891, 322, 13988, 373, 278, 2730, 787, 310, 28245, 962, 2742, 29892, 25508, 5742, 278, 4612, 310, 385, 4486, 29899, 535, 346, 2347, 1375, 292, 1373, 357, 29889, 450, 20676, 29879, 6296, 380, 9893, 322, 788, 919, 573, 12713, 1682, 262, 6352, 293, 5883, 3174, 304, 3423, 546, 29877, 29892, 22965, 17068, 963, 304, 278, 4123, 373, 278, 15754, 29889, 13, 2744, 1228, 29663, 697, 1738, 21004, 13, 2059, 11334, 10612, 373, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29899, 29900, 29929, 29899, 29896, 29947, 13, 9544, 287, 654, 653, 11004, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 28050, 838, 16307, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 390, 29889, 29907, 29889, 350, 764, 13, 4806, 892, 17770, 373, 278, 2743, 2625, 310, 263, 1370, 591, 8496, 29915, 29873, 5401, 29889, 1126, 393, 471, 278, 1781, 9763, 29889, 450, 9723, 8222, 7124, 502, 373, 11990, 375, 8373, 29889, 1670, 591, 892, 29892, 21458, 2705, 4192, 24377, 3412, 278, 6776, 7681, 373, 1749, 2217, 7254, 1766, 569, 29892, 763, 278, 7531, 23035, 297, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29929, 29906, 29889, 6811, 278, 28205, 2041, 13968, 310, 263, 5722, 1189, 1711, 12862, 29892, 946, 3663, 573, 9257, 29892, 322, 350, 5194, 29991, 1670, 748, 278, 1781, 2030, 3841, 29892, 746, 25618, 871, 2355, 9445, 491, 1269, 916, 29889, 1105, 29892, 11990, 375, 8373, 29889, 739, 23994, 29889, 1932, 278, 7250, 14744, 3252, 682, 839, 1449, 29892, 445, 931, 411, 17773, 574, 5810, 9981, 12500, 292, 297, 304, 16366, 1050, 278, 9723, 8222, 29892, 591, 2714, 591, 892, 7160, 29889, 13, 29950, 1160, 23080, 29892, 1522, 261, 315, 550, 669, 6561, 968, 11202, 414, 13, 2059, 317, 29889, 23112, 373, 29871, 29900, 29945, 29899, 29900, 29941, 29899, 29896, 29955, 13, 19737, 276, 550, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 405, 23249, 3929, 1772, 13, 21133, 475, 23010, 347, 315, 513, 414, 17240, 263, 447, 29920, 538, 681, 7348, 29889, 450, 13406, 261, 310, 278, 20221, 29915, 29879, 23446, 13636, 15028, 1434, 1075, 29889, 1205, 29892, 278, 22739, 6419, 734, 264, 1875, 29892, 319, 545, 4456, 7455, 358, 29875, 29892, 1838, 29915, 29873, 620, 6967, 278, 1899, 424, 29915, 29879, 6139, 310, 278, 325, 14803, 29892, 2898, 6419, 413, 5495, 670, 6993, 8249, 16508, 29889, 13, 3492, 505, 304, 11621, 304, 372, 13, 2059, 315, 29967, 5425, 29931, 29963, 373, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29899, 29900, 29896, 29899, 29906, 29896, 13, 3782, 18236, 297, 14450, 13, 29903, 601, 29890, 5403, 11566, 4346, 487, 10488, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 14713, 4609, 1100, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 14713, 5765, 13329, 261, 13, 29903, 601, 29890, 5403, 11566, 4346, 487, 471, 451, 2534, 263, 1781, 1370, 29889, 2296, 29915, 29879, 750, 901, 13968, 10322, 714, 515, 1090, 902, 491, 278, 2437, 9382, 1383, 9003, 1306, 13378, 1135, 738, 916, 12139, 297, 278, 13859, 300, 29889, 3834, 2000, 902, 975, 368, 946, 3663, 573, 29889, 438, 3341, 3763, 2000, 902, 25527, 2222, 29889, 1724, 278, 11103, 2000, 902, 471, 1554, 1683, 19148, 29889, 2193, 1183, 4846, 278, 1383, 9003, 1306, 263, 1781, 4192, 431, 10549, 3412, 278, 982, 3282, 29915, 29873, 4383, 297, 278, 3203, 29892, 1363, 451, 599, 902, 22595, 26758, 385, 21080, 9090, 29889, 13, 3782, 19107, 297, 4892, 13, 2059, 2259, 29889, 319, 29889, 350, 29889, 2292, 2330, 373, 29871, 29906, 29945, 29899, 29900, 29955, 29899, 29896, 29955, 13, 29903, 2455, 25396, 5208, 26825, 13, 1576, 25034, 2860, 278, 5208, 26825, 10488, 11773, 3789, 13, 2059, 29901, 8075, 12245, 13650, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 4485, 16231, 1803, 13, 29934, 1759, 287, 4783, 2222, 297, 263, 6898, 17911, 1771, 682, 27734, 29892, 11131, 349, 638, 11422, 871, 3926, 5131, 304, 10169, 29889, 450, 5208, 17911, 13211, 12520, 393, 10169, 29892, 411, 278, 11640, 310, 4943, 592, 1338, 304, 6579, 29889, 2567, 11131, 338, 263, 2989, 2088, 3163, 1171, 29892, 411, 670, 1914, 7751, 322, 263, 5807, 680, 18096, 9225, 1058, 298, 1078, 25618, 4359, 408, 1568, 408, 540, 298, 1078, 916, 289, 1862, 29889, 1763, 278, 21625, 1078, 540, 9074, 1372, 29892, 11131, 338, 2998, 408, 278, 1205, 4630, 29889, 3600, 6668, 1486, 19821, 756, 2982, 287, 1075, 297, 278, 4818, 310, 263, 7901, 26819, 21588, 29875, 10068, 393, 28469, 575, 304, 25214, 714, 278, 15400, 29891, 29915, 29879, 1833, 10503, 4357, 5199, 16493, 29879, 29889, 13, 9802, 16231, 300, 29915, 29879, 28289, 310, 885, 1598, 10348, 12733, 338, 2246, 13, 7789, 295, 2787, 13, 25263, 5414, 4702, 10278, 4314, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 350, 29889, 478, 29889, 8218, 1100, 13, 797, 278, 3252, 7268, 621, 6462, 11563, 2665, 2070, 267, 29892, 18750, 6847, 322, 5476, 11506, 7191, 304, 278, 10819, 29889, 11511, 29892, 4856, 10548, 29889, 450, 5208, 627, 1199, 11977, 411, 1009, 10555, 22338, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29945, 29906, 29889, 390, 1624, 1135, 1641, 429, 18821, 630, 1090, 263, 2594, 6617, 310, 23927, 29899, 18712, 414, 29892, 11563, 8772, 1009, 13426, 13378, 29889, 317, 705, 4362, 16831, 8837, 304, 1749, 21188, 394, 819, 975, 29880, 4339, 9007, 29915, 29873, 278, 871, 11809, 363, 10503, 2561, 29889, 1334, 884, 750, 304, 505, 1554, 310, 995, 304, 11302, 29892, 1554, 393, 12307, 292, 3814, 1691, 723, 5146, 1009, 2898, 29899, 799, 9571, 6625, 1169, 304, 15649, 29889, 13, 26857, 306, 1369, 445, 3652, 13, 2059, 8092, 446, 373, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29899, 29900, 29953, 29899, 29896, 29945, 13, 29924, 333, 3527, 1171, 6498, 8130, 424, 297, 14121, 13, 1576, 6498, 8130, 424, 317, 7781, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 379 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.336311	-0.394532	-0.087974	-0.453553
. Peter Alesso Narrated by: Rich Miller As the last star fighter in squadron 111, Midshipman Henry Gallant is on his way from Jupiter to Mars. With the United Planets' fleet on the verge of annihilation, he can expect no help as he passes through the asteroid belt and threatening aliens. In an era of genetic engineering, he is the only Natural (non-genetically enhanced) officer left in the fleet. His classmates and superior officers have all expressed their concern that he will not be up to the demands of the space service. For protecting the frontier. By Norma Miles on 07-09-18 AL:ICE Boxed Set By: Charles Lamb Narrated by: David Drummond Includes books one through four in the AL:ICE series: AL:ICE, AL:ICE-9, AL:ICE: Resurrection, and AL:ICE: Space War. Guns, AI and polygamy By janet smith on 20-02-21 We Are Legion (We Are Bob) Bobiverse, Book 1 By: Dennis E. Taylor Narrated by: Ray Porter 5 out of 5 stars 11,514 There's a reason We Are Legion was named Audible's Best Science Fiction Book of 2016: Its irresistibly irreverent wit! Bob Johansson has just sold his software company for a small fortune and is looking forward to a life of leisure. The first item on his to-do list: Spending his newfound windfall. On an urge to splurge, he signs up to have his head cryogenically preserved in case of death. Then he gets himself killed crossing the street. Waking up 117 years later, Bob discovers his mind has been uploaded into a sentient space probe with the ability to replicate itself. An unexpected gem By Andrew on 29-01-17 The Lost Starship By: Vaughn Heppner Narrated by: David Stifel Ten thousand years ago, a single alien super-ship survived a desperate battle. The vessel's dying crew set the AI on automatic to defend the smashed rubble of their planet. Legend has it the faithful ship continues to patrol the empty battlefield, obeying its last order throughout the lonely centuries.In the here and now, Earth needs a miracle. Out of the Beyond invade the New Men, stronger, faster and smarter than the old. Their superior warships and advanced technology destroy every fleet sent to stop them. nice story shame about the narrater By Stephen on 07-03-15 Stellar Heritage, Book 1 By: Bob Mauldin When Simon and Katherine Hawke stumble upon an alien shuttle that has landed on earth, it'll not only change the course of their lives, but of the entire world. Taking the shuttle into orbit, they discover a much larger ship left adrift with no one on board. Commandeering it, they confirm that we're not alone in the universe and must prepare the human race for what is about to come. Recruiting from all over the world, they begin to expand their fleet and build a federation to give humans a foothold in the galaxy. It's not working for me By Alexander Jibb on 29-10-20 Terms of Enlistment Frontlines, Book 1 By: Marko Kloos Narrated by: Luke Daniels The year is 2108, and the North American Commonwealth is bursting at the seams. For welfare rats like Andrew Grayson, there are only two ways out of the crime-ridden and filthy welfare tenements: You can hope to win the lottery and draw a ticket on a colony ship settling off-world...or you can join the service. With the colony lottery a pipe dream, Andrew chooses to enlist in the armed forces for a shot at real food, a retirement bonus, and maybe a ticket off Earth. Military SciFi in Classic Style By Andrew John Rae on 09-02-14 USS Hamilton: Ironhold Station USS Hamilton, Book 1 By: Mark Wayne McGinnis Narrated by: James Patrick Cronin Thousands of crew are reported dead, including the ship's captain. Rel	[ 29889, 5310, 838, 6777, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 4385, 16498, 13, 2887, 278, 1833, 5810, 285, 14643, 297, 10023, 1617, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29896, 29892, 13370, 3527, 1171, 6498, 8130, 424, 338, 373, 670, 982, 515, 27441, 1524, 304, 16852, 29889, 2973, 278, 3303, 8402, 1691, 29915, 22338, 373, 278, 1147, 479, 310, 6957, 29882, 8634, 29892, 540, 508, 2149, 694, 1371, 408, 540, 14517, 1549, 278, 20058, 333, 1339, 29873, 322, 20616, 292, 394, 11689, 29889, 512, 385, 3152, 310, 2531, 7492, 21639, 29892, 540, 338, 278, 871, 18385, 313, 5464, 29899, 1885, 300, 1711, 427, 29308, 29897, 12139, 2175, 297, 278, 22338, 29889, 3600, 770, 29885, 1078, 322, 11558, 13049, 505, 599, 13384, 1009, 5932, 393, 540, 674, 451, 367, 701, 304, 278, 1261, 4167, 310, 278, 2913, 2669, 29889, 13, 2831, 12566, 292, 278, 4565, 631, 29889, 13, 2059, 5655, 29874, 3833, 267, 373, 29871, 29900, 29955, 29899, 29900, 29929, 29899, 29896, 29947, 13, 1964, 29901, 12107, 11773, 287, 3789, 13, 2059, 29901, 5322, 26832, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 4699, 4942, 398, 8315, 13, 797, 27722, 8277, 697, 1549, 3023, 297, 278, 14445, 29901, 12107, 3652, 29901, 14445, 29901, 12107, 29892, 14445, 29901, 12107, 29899, 29929, 29892, 14445, 29901, 12107, 29901, 2538, 20503, 428, 29892, 322, 14445, 29901, 12107, 29901, 14121, 3362, 29889, 13, 29954, 6948, 29892, 319, 29902, 322, 1248, 4790, 25934, 13, 2059, 5496, 300, 1560, 389, 373, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29899, 29900, 29906, 29899, 29906, 29896, 13, 4806, 4683, 5682, 291, 313, 4806, 4683, 7991, 29897, 13, 29362, 12193, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 27974, 382, 29889, 12537, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 9596, 7102, 357, 13, 29945, 714, 310, 29871, 29945, 10819, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29892, 29945, 29896, 29946, 13, 8439, 29915, 29879, 263, 2769, 1334, 4683, 5682, 291, 471, 4257, 8612, 1821, 29915, 29879, 6407, 9327, 383, 2463, 6726, 310, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 29901, 8011, 3805, 690, 391, 14981, 19950, 369, 296, 12309, 29991, 7991, 1861, 550, 1100, 756, 925, 5239, 670, 7047, 5001, 363, 263, 2319, 19717, 322, 338, 3063, 6375, 304, 263, 2834, 310, 454, 275, 545, 29889, 450, 937, 2944, 373, 670, 304, 29899, 1867, 1051, 29901, 1706, 2548, 670, 716, 11940, 8805, 11950, 29889, 1551, 385, 5065, 479, 304, 8536, 332, 479, 29892, 540, 18906, 701, 304, 505, 670, 2343, 10901, 6352, 1711, 21634, 297, 1206, 310, 4892, 29889, 1987, 540, 4947, 3654, 9445, 24067, 278, 11952, 29889, 399, 5086, 701, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29955, 2440, 2678, 29892, 7991, 17021, 874, 670, 3458, 756, 1063, 20373, 964, 263, 2665, 993, 2913, 410, 915, 411, 278, 11509, 304, 1634, 5926, 3528, 29889, 13, 2744, 15668, 7055, 13, 2059, 11571, 373, 29871, 29906, 29929, 29899, 29900, 29896, 29899, 29896, 29955, 13, 1576, 25133, 7828, 3527, 13, 2059, 29901, 478, 2987, 3123, 940, 407, 1089, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 4699, 624, 361, 295, 13, 29911, 264, 10405, 2440, 8020, 29892, 263, 2323, 394, 819, 2428, 29899, 3527, 10503, 2347, 263, 553, 21194, 10555, 29889, 450, 21239, 29915, 29879, 27116, 17616, 731, 278, 319, 29902, 373, 18428, 304, 24663, 278, 1560, 25936, 14051, 569, 310, 1009, 15754, 29889, 5682, 355, 756, 372, 278, 27057, 7751, 18172, 304, 2373, 1467, 278, 4069, 10555, 2671, 29892, 26449, 292, 967, 1833, 1797, 10106, 278, 23123, 873, 21726, 29889, 797, 278, 1244, 322, 1286, 29892, 11563, 4225, 263, 3737, 10792, 29889, 4451, 310, 278, 18502, 898, 297, 1564, 311, 278, 1570, 7567, 29892, 23505, 29892, 8473, 322, 1560, 4254, 1135, 278, 2030, 29889, 11275, 11558, 1370, 9981, 322, 12862, 15483, 8174, 1432, 22338, 2665, 304, 5040, 963, 29889, 13, 16533, 5828, 28503, 1048, 278, 15474, 1008, 13, 2059, 14317, 373, 29871, 29900, 29955, 29899, 29900, 29941, 29899, 29896, 29945, 13, 855, 514, 279, 25635, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 7991, 3219, 16722, 262, 13, 10401, 11254, 322, 476, 16490, 10875, 446, 380, 15563, 2501, 385, 394, 819, 528, 4774, 280, 393, 756, 2982, 287, 373, 8437, 29892, 372, 29915, 645, 451, 871, 1735, 278, 3236, 310, 1009, 12080, 29892, 541, 310, 278, 4152, 3186, 29889, 323, 5086, 278, 528, 4774, 280, 964, 16980, 29892, 896, 6523, 263, 1568, 7200, 7751, 2175, 594, 7532, 411, 694, 697, 373, 7613, 29889, 422, 13990, 3241, 372, 29892, 896, 9659, 393, 591, 29915, 276, 451, 7432, 297, 278, 19859, 322, 1818, 19012, 278, 5199, 8175, 363, 825, 338, 1048, 304, 2041, 29889, 3599, 9216, 292, 515, 599, 975, 278, 3186, 29892, 896, 3380, 304, 7985, 1009, 22338, 322, 2048, 263, 12067, 362, 304, 2367, 25618, 263, 1701, 720, 1025, 297, 278, 15400, 29891, 29889, 13, 3112, 29915, 29879, 451, 1985, 363, 592, 13, 2059, 9428, 435, 747, 29890, 373, 29871, 29906, 29929, 29899, 29896, 29900, 29899, 29906, 29900, 13, 14343, 29879, 310, 1174, 1761, 358, 13, 29348, 9012, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 4485, 29877, 476, 417, 359, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 25556, 8432, 29879, 13, 1576, 1629, 338, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29900, 29947, 29892, 322, 278, 4644, 3082, 27094, 338, 20887, 292, 472, 278, 409, 2232, 29889, 1152, 281, 761, 598, 364, 1446, 763, 11571, 18956, 1100, 29892, 727, 526, 871, 1023, 5837, 714, 310, 278, 17268, 29899, 2429, 1145, 322, 977, 21155, 281, 761, 598, 3006, 4110, 29901, 887, 508, 4966, 304, 5401, 278, 3287, 22005, 322, 4216, 263, 23381, 373, 263, 784, 2592, 7751, 3604, 1847, 1283, 29899, 11526, 856, 272, 366, 508, 5988, 278, 2669, 29889, 2973, 278, 784, 2592, 3287, 22005, 263, 14282, 12561, 29892, 11571, 3060, 15806, 304, 427, 1761, 297, 278, 23926, 8249, 363, 263, 10322, 472, 1855, 9687, 29892, 263, 3240, 19211, 28920, 29892, 322, 5505, 263, 23381, 1283, 11563, 29889, 13, 29316, 277, 653, 5636, 18800, 297, 24300, 22135, 13, 2059, 11571, 2259, 390, 3660, 373, 29871, 29900, 29929, 29899, 29900, 29906, 29899, 29896, 29946, 13, 29965, 1799, 12372, 29901, 20492, 8948, 12039, 13, 29965, 1799, 12372, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 4485, 25843, 22805, 2559, 275, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 5011, 14875, 315, 1617, 262, 13, 1349, 681, 4167, 310, 17616, 526, 8967, 7123, 29892, 3704, 278, 7751, 29915, 29879, 15315, 29889, 6376 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.115549	-0.457799	-0.085509	-0.462229
uctantly, the young XO, Galvin Quintos, will be taking command of the fleet's crippled dreadnaught, the USS Hamilton, while doing his best to bring fleet survivors back to Earth. To make matters worse, there's a murderer running loose on board the ship, critically low fuel levels, and the Grish are back, in fast pursuit and ready to finish what they'd started. Only by sheer luck - and a good measure of cagey smarts - will Quintos be able to rise to the challenge. A poor vision of military personnel on a starship By J. Reuben on 26-07-21 Book 1, Repel Boarders (A LitRPG, Dungeon Core Adventure) By: Dean Henegar Narrated by: Jack Voraces As humanity expands into the stars, it discovers the universe is a hostile place. When Captain Slater of the USS Franklin is assigned to a deep-space reconnaissance mission, his ship is destroyed by an unknown alien race. Much to his surprise, Slater isn't killed - he's transformed. He is now a "derelict" - a consciousness bound to his old vessel. Interesting take on a dungeon core book By Morris on 02-09-20 Aurora: CV-01 Frontiers Saga, Book 1 By: Ryk Brown Narrated by: Jeffrey Kafer A world recovering from a devastating plague. A brutal enemy threatening invasion. A young man seeking to escape the shadow of his father. A ship manned by a crew of fresh academy graduates. A top-secret experimental propulsion system. A questionable alliance with a mysterious green-eyed woman. What destiny has in store for the crew of the UES Aurora is far greater than any of them could ever imagine. And this is only the beginning.... Great story, despite being occasionaly repetitive By logan on 12-07-14 Terran Scout Fleet, Book 1 By: Joshua Dalzelle Narrated by: Paul Heitsch Aliens exist...and, as it turns out, most of them aren't that friendly. Jacob Brown wasn't even born yet the first time they attacked Earth. He was only 14 the second time it happened. When Earth finally came together and fielded its first spaceborne military, Jacob didn't hesitate to volunteer. Serving aboard a mighty starship, he'd be able to defend his planet - and his family - when, inevitably, they came again. By Uncle Dunc. on 04-10-21 Jason Burke is a broken man. The loss of his friend and crewmate on an ill-fated mission to a Pillar World has left him in a downward spiral of rage and self-destruction. But what if Lucky hadn't actually died on that planet? While Omega Force tries to pull itself together for the sake of their friend, they also learn that a ruthless new faction has seized control of the ConFed Council and now threatens the stability of the entire quadrant. To make matters worse, the rise of this new regime might be their fault. By Emm on 23-12-21 The Catherine Kimbridge Chronicles #1 By: Andrew Beery Narrated by: Alexis Cruz 2067 was the year I died for the first time. It was painful. Had I known how often I'd be expected to die over the next several millennia, I might have made a stronger effort to stay dead. The year actually started off rather nice. I finished my PhD in high energy physics and was promoted to lieutenant commander in the United States Air Force. My first posting after the promotion was to the Lunar One Air Base where I worked with my father, Dr. Robert Kimbridge, on "The Project". Warmhearted Scifi By Longears on 09-09-20 Sol's warships paid the ultimate price for threatening the Haraken and New Terran worlds. Now, Haraken president Alex Racine and his Méridien partner, Renée de Guirnon, are engaged in a desperate gamble to stop a war between their worlds and United Earth's (UE) massive forces before it starts. What's Alex's grand plan? He hasn't a clue, but his people believe in him and hope he will find a way	[ 5313, 10835, 29892, 278, 4123, 1060, 29949, 29892, 5208, 3845, 29223, 359, 29892, 674, 367, 5622, 1899, 310, 278, 22338, 29915, 29879, 14783, 407, 839, 21005, 29876, 6482, 29892, 278, 17676, 12372, 29892, 1550, 2599, 670, 1900, 304, 6963, 22338, 10503, 440, 943, 1250, 304, 11563, 29889, 1763, 1207, 13750, 15029, 29892, 727, 29915, 29879, 263, 13406, 261, 2734, 23819, 373, 7613, 278, 7751, 29892, 3994, 1711, 4482, 26413, 11174, 29892, 322, 278, 1632, 728, 526, 1250, 29892, 297, 5172, 12359, 3121, 322, 7960, 304, 8341, 825, 896, 29915, 29881, 4687, 29889, 9333, 491, 1183, 261, 9885, 448, 322, 263, 1781, 5645, 310, 274, 482, 29891, 1560, 5708, 448, 674, 29223, 359, 367, 2221, 304, 14451, 304, 278, 18766, 29889, 13, 29909, 6460, 18551, 310, 9121, 24127, 373, 263, 5810, 3527, 13, 2059, 435, 29889, 830, 21341, 373, 29871, 29906, 29953, 29899, 29900, 29955, 29899, 29906, 29896, 13, 10967, 29871, 29896, 29892, 10088, 295, 12590, 414, 313, 29909, 21395, 29934, 16903, 29892, 11566, 25339, 10239, 21255, 545, 29897, 13, 2059, 29901, 23263, 4114, 387, 279, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 5457, 6266, 3302, 13, 2887, 5199, 537, 1518, 4167, 964, 278, 10819, 29892, 372, 17021, 874, 278, 19859, 338, 263, 3495, 488, 2058, 29889, 1932, 10842, 14866, 1008, 310, 278, 17676, 21504, 338, 9859, 304, 263, 6483, 29899, 3493, 25238, 9948, 10655, 29892, 670, 7751, 338, 14416, 491, 385, 9815, 394, 819, 8175, 29889, 18927, 304, 670, 16671, 29892, 14866, 1008, 3508, 29915, 29873, 9445, 448, 540, 29915, 29879, 27615, 29889, 940, 338, 1286, 263, 376, 672, 295, 919, 29908, 448, 263, 19861, 2264, 3216, 304, 670, 2030, 21239, 29889, 13, 4074, 342, 292, 2125, 373, 263, 270, 19440, 265, 7136, 3143, 13, 2059, 23112, 373, 29871, 29900, 29906, 29899, 29900, 29929, 29899, 29906, 29900, 13, 29909, 332, 2207, 29901, 25778, 29899, 29900, 29896, 13, 29348, 4285, 317, 7781, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 390, 12072, 9817, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 12208, 8903, 13680, 571, 13, 29909, 3186, 9792, 292, 515, 263, 2906, 579, 1218, 715, 3437, 29889, 319, 26644, 284, 11103, 20616, 292, 28425, 29889, 319, 4123, 767, 25738, 304, 10169, 278, 15504, 310, 670, 4783, 29889, 319, 7751, 767, 9571, 491, 263, 17616, 310, 10849, 263, 9567, 10591, 1078, 29889, 319, 2246, 29899, 19024, 17986, 3107, 25381, 1788, 29889, 319, 1139, 519, 394, 13036, 411, 263, 22277, 2738, 7933, 29899, 1032, 287, 6114, 29889, 1724, 2731, 4901, 756, 297, 3787, 363, 278, 17616, 310, 278, 501, 2890, 23266, 2207, 338, 2215, 7621, 1135, 738, 310, 963, 1033, 3926, 14034, 29889, 1126, 445, 338, 871, 278, 6763, 3045, 13, 25120, 271, 5828, 29892, 15020, 1641, 14882, 1848, 29891, 21159, 3321, 13, 2059, 1480, 273, 373, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29899, 29900, 29955, 29899, 29896, 29946, 13, 29911, 261, 661, 2522, 449, 13859, 300, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 22838, 3357, 9400, 29920, 1808, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 3739, 940, 20641, 13, 29909, 492, 575, 1863, 856, 392, 29892, 408, 372, 12169, 714, 29892, 1556, 310, 963, 9455, 29915, 29873, 393, 19780, 29889, 10968, 9817, 9007, 29915, 29873, 1584, 6345, 3447, 278, 937, 931, 896, 22630, 11563, 29889, 940, 471, 871, 29871, 29896, 29946, 278, 1473, 931, 372, 9559, 29889, 1932, 11563, 7146, 2996, 4208, 322, 1746, 287, 967, 937, 2913, 4089, 484, 9121, 29892, 10968, 3282, 29915, 29873, 19066, 10388, 304, 27886, 261, 29889, 1816, 1747, 633, 29877, 538, 263, 27977, 5810, 3527, 29892, 540, 29915, 29881, 367, 2221, 304, 24663, 670, 15754, 448, 322, 670, 3942, 448, 746, 29892, 297, 5750, 277, 2197, 29892, 896, 2996, 1449, 29889, 13, 2059, 29108, 360, 4661, 29889, 373, 29871, 29900, 29946, 29899, 29896, 29900, 29899, 29906, 29896, 13, 29967, 1658, 6640, 446, 338, 263, 9391, 767, 29889, 450, 6410, 310, 670, 5121, 322, 17616, 25046, 373, 385, 4486, 29899, 29888, 630, 10655, 304, 263, 349, 453, 279, 2787, 756, 2175, 1075, 297, 263, 1623, 1328, 6337, 284, 310, 1153, 479, 322, 1583, 29899, 7854, 4080, 29889, 1205, 825, 565, 365, 14395, 27222, 29915, 29873, 2869, 6423, 373, 393, 15754, 29973, 5806, 13352, 2442, 11004, 14335, 304, 8206, 3528, 4208, 363, 278, 16563, 310, 1009, 5121, 29892, 896, 884, 5110, 393, 263, 364, 2806, 2222, 716, 2258, 428, 756, 25291, 2761, 310, 278, 1281, 29943, 287, 8831, 322, 1286, 28469, 575, 278, 25806, 310, 278, 4152, 15448, 424, 29889, 1763, 1207, 13750, 15029, 29892, 278, 14451, 310, 445, 716, 22384, 1795, 367, 1009, 12570, 29889, 13, 2059, 2812, 29885, 373, 29871, 29906, 29941, 29899, 29896, 29906, 29899, 29906, 29896, 13, 1576, 21688, 12931, 18419, 15336, 4027, 396, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 11571, 1522, 708, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 4827, 275, 17960, 13, 29906, 29900, 29953, 29955, 471, 278, 1629, 306, 6423, 363, 278, 937, 931, 29889, 739, 471, 6788, 1319, 29889, 14302, 306, 2998, 920, 4049, 306, 29915, 29881, 367, 3806, 304, 762, 975, 278, 2446, 3196, 3533, 2108, 423, 29892, 306, 1795, 505, 1754, 263, 23505, 7225, 304, 7952, 7123, 29889, 450, 1629, 2869, 4687, 1283, 3265, 7575, 29889, 306, 7743, 590, 1963, 29928, 297, 1880, 5864, 17558, 322, 471, 21201, 304, 25097, 22079, 297, 278, 3303, 3900, 5593, 11004, 29889, 1619, 937, 16742, 1156, 278, 22360, 471, 304, 278, 365, 348, 279, 3118, 5593, 7399, 988, 306, 3796, 411, 590, 4783, 29892, 4942, 29889, 4755, 12931, 18419, 29892, 373, 376, 1576, 8010, 1642, 13, 29956, 2817, 23057, 287, 2522, 6832, 13, 2059, 365, 265, 479, 1503, 373, 29871, 29900, 29929, 29899, 29900, 29929, 29899, 29906, 29900, 13, 13296, 29915, 29879, 1370, 9981, 12530, 278, 8494, 6490, 8666, 363, 20616, 292, 278, 3536, 9424, 322, 1570, 5061, 661, 3186, 29879, 29889, 2567, 29892, 3536, 9424, 6673, 4827, 390, 562, 457, 322, 670, 341, 1064, 333, 819, 18096, 29892, 7493, 1318, 316, 2088, 381, 5464, 29892, 526, 17785, 297, 263, 553, 21194, 24988, 569, 304, 5040, 263, 1370, 1546, 1009, 3186, 29879, 322, 3303, 11563, 29915, 29879, 313, 4462, 29897, 20364, 8249, 1434, 372, 8665, 29889, 13, 5618, 29915, 29879, 4827, 29915, 29879, 4595, 3814, 29973, 940, 22602, 29915, 29873, 263, 23960, 29892, 541, 670, 2305, 4658, 297, 1075, 322, 4966, 540, 674, 1284, 263, 982 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.432766	0.005835	0.266411	-0.201368
to protect them. Alex does have powerful assets: the Haraken space fleet; the genius SADEs, mobile Haraken digital intelligences; and the defected UE scientists, who are providing a wealth of intelligence about their home world. Arriving at Sol, Alex discovers the perfect opportunity to make his statement to the UE Supreme Tribunal in the form of the aging Idona Station, which has fallen into disrepair as UE militia and rebels battle for control. Alex explains his unorthodox plan when he says, "The UE tribunes will succumb when we overpower them with prosperity." The Harakens work to meld Idona's militia, stationers, and rebels into the Haraken's view of the world, one based on peace, purpose, and equality. The Tribunal is at odds over the Harakens' interference in their system, forcing the rifts in the UE's political structure to widen into chasms. In the exciting conclusion to Haraken, the series' previous book, Sol is the story of a clash of cultures and ideals as Earthers struggle to find a way toward a successful new future. ©2016 S. H. Jucha (P)2016 Blackstone Audio, Inc. Clone Crisis Axis Crossing The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich What listeners say about Sol CJSILV Great book can't wait to listen to the next one love the story and the narration i highly recommend listening to this book These books are getting tired. At the start Alex was exciting and challenging but slowly over the books he has become arrogant and pompous and frankly the story has lost its edge. ODed01 Awesome as usual !!! Still one of the best series ever !!! S. H. Jucha and his Silver Ships series is amazing writing and imagination. Grover Gardner narrating is as perfect as he have done on the previous audiobooks in this beautiful series. Full heartedly recommendation !!!! The Harakens with President Alex Racine and Renee de Guirnon have arrived in the Sol system in the hopes of preventing a war. They take over the dilapidated Idona space station. They get the rebels and station Militia to work together. The corruption is stopped. Maintenance on the station begins with reasonable fees posted and fast, clean, safe service to ships. They also get the ore processing station open for business. The ships are returning to the station. First come the freighters and the ore haulers, then the passenger ships. Workers are paid and treated fairly and the Idona station becomes self-governing and most of all the economy is surging. The tribune that represents the Judiciary on the Tribunal Council orders an attack against the Harakens. The Harakens defeat the Judicial Naval force. The political battle for the UE widens. Can the Harakens help the citizens of Sol solve their problems and prevent a war with Haraken or a civil war? The book is well written. The plot twists and turns with lots of action and suspense. There is lots of personal interaction amongst the people as well as with the political leaders. There is subtle humor throughout as well as an upbeat attitude and hope. The book is easy to read and is most enjoyable. The book is twelve hours long. Grover Gardner does an excellent job narrating the book. Gardner has a voice that is very easy to listen to. Gardner is a multi-award-winning audiobook narrator. Michael G Kurilla Alex diffuses the march to war S H Jucha's Sol, the 5th installment in the Silver Ships series finds Alex Racine and his loyal. but eclectic band of brothers and sisters, journeying to Earth in an attempt to head off an eventual war with the UE (United Earth). In true Racine fashion, with no pre-arranged plan, Alex correctly interprets the economic issues that saddle the system and elects to commandeer a space station and show the Earthers how it's done. With expected resistance from the judicial branch of the government, Alex and his crew employ Haraken know-how and some well executed battle scenes to set in motion a long term relationship with Sol on peaceful terms. The sci-fi elements are in line with prior installments. The Sol system represents a more primitive society. The AIs play a central role as they are gaining confidence in their physical avatars, but the rest of Alex's crew is heavily involved. While the series has	[ 304, 12566, 963, 29889, 4827, 947, 505, 13988, 21608, 29901, 278, 3536, 9424, 2913, 22338, 29936, 278, 26858, 16698, 2287, 29879, 29892, 10426, 3536, 9424, 13436, 13052, 2063, 29936, 322, 278, 23503, 287, 14775, 9638, 2879, 29892, 1058, 526, 13138, 263, 17173, 310, 21082, 1048, 1009, 3271, 3186, 29889, 13, 1433, 1150, 292, 472, 4956, 29892, 4827, 17021, 874, 278, 4922, 15130, 304, 1207, 670, 3229, 304, 278, 14775, 22569, 16855, 17507, 297, 278, 883, 310, 278, 946, 292, 5163, 2681, 12039, 29892, 607, 756, 19225, 964, 766, 3445, 1466, 408, 14775, 5549, 423, 322, 15121, 1379, 10555, 363, 2761, 29889, 4827, 18568, 670, 443, 2072, 17324, 3814, 746, 540, 4083, 29892, 376, 1576, 14775, 9434, 7844, 674, 8348, 3774, 746, 591, 975, 13519, 963, 411, 25831, 537, 1213, 13, 1576, 3536, 557, 575, 664, 304, 286, 2495, 5163, 2681, 29915, 29879, 5549, 423, 29892, 5073, 414, 29892, 322, 15121, 1379, 964, 278, 3536, 9424, 29915, 29879, 1776, 310, 278, 3186, 29892, 697, 2729, 373, 10776, 29892, 6437, 29892, 322, 17193, 29889, 450, 16855, 17507, 338, 472, 7736, 29879, 975, 278, 3536, 557, 575, 29915, 1006, 1659, 297, 1009, 1788, 29892, 28172, 278, 17018, 1372, 297, 278, 14775, 29915, 29879, 8604, 3829, 304, 281, 3615, 964, 521, 294, 1516, 29889, 13, 797, 278, 5566, 11407, 15997, 304, 3536, 9424, 29892, 278, 3652, 29915, 3517, 3143, 29892, 4956, 338, 278, 5828, 310, 263, 1067, 1161, 310, 4185, 1973, 322, 1957, 1338, 408, 5290, 3341, 21117, 304, 1284, 263, 982, 11183, 263, 9150, 716, 5434, 29889, 13, 30211, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 317, 29889, 379, 29889, 435, 26609, 313, 29925, 29897, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 6054, 12734, 21764, 29892, 9266, 29889, 13, 6821, 650, 29524, 275, 13, 16070, 11189, 292, 13, 1576, 390, 895, 322, 14053, 310, 278, 18008, 9320, 13, 5618, 11621, 414, 1827, 1048, 4956, 13, 29907, 29967, 5425, 29931, 29963, 13, 25120, 271, 3143, 508, 29915, 29873, 4480, 304, 11621, 304, 278, 2446, 697, 5360, 278, 5828, 322, 278, 15474, 362, 474, 10712, 6907, 19866, 304, 445, 3143, 13, 1349, 968, 8277, 526, 2805, 23407, 29889, 13, 4178, 278, 1369, 4827, 471, 5566, 11407, 322, 18066, 292, 541, 14205, 975, 278, 8277, 540, 756, 4953, 564, 9102, 424, 322, 8280, 29886, 681, 322, 2524, 29895, 368, 278, 5828, 756, 5714, 967, 7636, 29889, 13, 13668, 287, 29900, 29896, 13, 29909, 29893, 14151, 408, 9670, 1738, 6824, 13, 855, 453, 697, 310, 278, 1900, 3652, 3926, 1738, 6824, 13, 29903, 29889, 379, 29889, 435, 26609, 322, 670, 16466, 1383, 4512, 3652, 338, 21863, 292, 5007, 322, 28038, 29889, 13, 29954, 307, 369, 15971, 1089, 15474, 1218, 338, 408, 4922, 408, 540, 505, 2309, 373, 278, 3517, 10348, 12733, 297, 445, 9560, 3652, 29889, 13, 13658, 5192, 23244, 29303, 1738, 21004, 13, 1576, 3536, 557, 575, 411, 7178, 4827, 390, 562, 457, 322, 390, 1600, 29872, 316, 2088, 381, 5464, 505, 11977, 297, 278, 4956, 1788, 297, 278, 26926, 310, 5557, 292, 263, 1370, 29889, 2688, 2125, 975, 278, 21749, 481, 333, 630, 5163, 2681, 2913, 5073, 29889, 2688, 679, 278, 15121, 1379, 322, 5073, 11544, 423, 304, 664, 4208, 29889, 450, 1034, 18953, 338, 11084, 29889, 4241, 841, 749, 373, 278, 5073, 16410, 411, 15590, 1238, 267, 8059, 322, 5172, 29892, 5941, 29892, 9109, 2669, 304, 13968, 29889, 2688, 884, 679, 278, 28074, 9068, 5073, 1722, 363, 5381, 29889, 450, 13968, 526, 7863, 304, 278, 5073, 29889, 3824, 2041, 278, 3005, 1141, 2153, 322, 278, 28074, 447, 352, 414, 29892, 769, 278, 28507, 13968, 29889, 5244, 414, 526, 12530, 322, 14914, 12558, 322, 278, 5163, 2681, 5073, 7415, 1583, 29899, 29887, 957, 1076, 322, 1556, 310, 599, 278, 26504, 338, 1190, 3460, 29889, 450, 9434, 1540, 393, 11524, 278, 8660, 1654, 653, 373, 278, 16855, 17507, 8831, 11299, 385, 5337, 2750, 278, 3536, 557, 575, 29889, 450, 3536, 557, 575, 20653, 278, 8660, 5611, 21590, 4889, 29889, 450, 8604, 10555, 363, 278, 14775, 9449, 575, 29889, 1815, 278, 3536, 557, 575, 1371, 278, 18363, 310, 4956, 4505, 1009, 4828, 322, 5557, 263, 1370, 411, 3536, 9424, 470, 263, 7631, 1370, 29973, 13, 1576, 3143, 338, 1532, 3971, 29889, 450, 6492, 3252, 2879, 322, 12169, 411, 14568, 310, 3158, 322, 8872, 1947, 29889, 1670, 338, 14568, 310, 7333, 14881, 22611, 278, 2305, 408, 1532, 408, 411, 278, 8604, 20251, 29889, 1670, 338, 12059, 280, 27448, 10106, 408, 1532, 408, 385, 701, 915, 271, 26309, 322, 4966, 29889, 450, 3143, 338, 4780, 304, 1303, 322, 338, 1556, 13389, 519, 29889, 13, 1576, 3143, 338, 17680, 6199, 1472, 29889, 6070, 369, 15971, 1089, 947, 385, 15129, 4982, 15474, 1218, 278, 3143, 29889, 15971, 1089, 756, 263, 7314, 393, 338, 1407, 4780, 304, 11621, 304, 29889, 15971, 1089, 338, 263, 2473, 29899, 29874, 1328, 29899, 5080, 1076, 10348, 2909, 15474, 1061, 29889, 13, 24083, 402, 9742, 2911, 13, 17406, 2923, 6394, 278, 8575, 304, 1370, 13, 29903, 379, 435, 26609, 29915, 29879, 4956, 29892, 278, 29871, 29945, 386, 2601, 358, 297, 278, 16466, 1383, 4512, 3652, 14061, 4827, 390, 562, 457, 322, 670, 28108, 29889, 541, 21226, 781, 293, 3719, 310, 21383, 322, 9883, 29879, 29892, 16342, 292, 304, 11563, 297, 385, 4218, 304, 2343, 1283, 385, 1741, 950, 1370, 411, 278, 14775, 313, 2525, 1573, 11563, 467, 512, 1565, 390, 562, 457, 13460, 29892, 411, 694, 758, 29899, 2749, 4618, 3814, 29892, 4827, 5149, 5133, 1372, 278, 17407, 5626, 393, 269, 22352, 278, 1788, 322, 3546, 29879, 304, 844, 4182, 261, 263, 2913, 5073, 322, 1510, 278, 5290, 3341, 920, 372, 29915, 29879, 2309, 29889, 2973, 3806, 17711, 515, 278, 6577, 5611, 5443, 310, 278, 5874, 29892, 4827, 322, 670, 17616, 5703, 3536, 9424, 1073, 29899, 3525, 322, 777, 1532, 8283, 10555, 20407, 304, 731, 297, 10884, 263, 1472, 1840, 9443, 411, 4956, 373, 10776, 1319, 4958, 29889, 13, 1576, 4560, 29899, 7241, 3161, 526, 297, 1196, 411, 7536, 2601, 1860, 29889, 450, 4956, 1788, 11524, 263, 901, 19269, 12459, 29889, 450, 319, 3624, 1708, 263, 6555, 6297, 408, 896, 526, 11581, 292, 16420, 297, 1009, 9128, 1029, 271, 1503, 29892, 541, 278, 1791, 310, 4827, 29915, 29879, 17616, 338, 20365, 9701, 29889, 5806, 278, 3652, 756 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.796852	0.312112	0.460079	0.456368
In Lemurian history the Lemurian race originally came from The Pleiades and Sirius. They looked for a planet to settle on, earth has so many resources survival here would be plentiful. They lived on earth from around 4,500,000BC to about 12,000 years ago, learning and developing as a heart based society. It is said they were the first humans; we all originate from Lemuria and carry their vibration, more evident in some. It is likely that if you are drawn to Lemurian energy it is strong in your DNA. Some would say that Lemuria was the basis for the stories of the Garden of Eden. Lemuria is also sometimes referred to as Mu, or the Motherland (of Mu). N.B. Some say the Lemurians were here up to 66 million years ago along side the dinosaurs, the jury is out on that one. They travelled the globe, some settling and starting civilisations such as Atlantis. Lemuria is feminine and heart based whereas Atlantis is masculine and mind based energy. Atlanteans had a great interest in wealth, power and outward expression. They built great cargo ships transporting millions of tons of copper to barter and great warships to conquer enemies. Lemurians had no military, they sailed the world to spread their knowledge of healing and spiritual development. They had a keen interest in agriculture and their herbalists had extensive knowledge never seen since. They continued to keep contact with their home and other galactic communities, through meditation and telepathy. They used crystals for fuel, healing, storing knowledge etc. When they had progressed as far as they could on earth there was a huge shift in the tectonic plates of the earth and the land of Lemuria sank in the pacific, leaving what is now known as Hawaii, the mountains of Polynesia and areas such as Bolivia. They knew this event was coming so some went home, some went underground, some went to Atlantis, while others settled beneath Mount Shasta in California and built the city of Telos. Any left gave up their material bodies to continue their evolution in spirit form. Plato wrote extensively about Atlantis and Lemuria. Rudolf Steiner, Madam Helen Blavatsky, Scott Elliot and Edgar Cayce have all referred to Lemuria in their channellings. Colonel James Churchward was a British early 20th century researcher, writer, a inventor, engineer and expert fisherman. He patented NCV Steel, armour plating to protect ships during the first world war, along with other alloys. In India he studied Naacal tablets of clay allegedly written 12-14,000 years ago about Lemuria (also named MU) and its destruction. He went on the write eight books on the subject. In 1945 a Japanese war ship ran aground off the coast of Japan and a strange stone formation was discovered off the Island of Yonaguni. It was 'D' day and the discovery was forgotten about until 1985 when the first photos were taken showing pre-historic masonry. Five more sites have been found off three nearby islands showing altar like formations, grand staircases and huge angular structures. 500km of underwater terrain of what appears to be components of a large pre-Inca island were discovered in total. Some researchers believe this is part of the sunken island of Lemuria. Lemurians would congregate on huge platforms so they could meditate together daily. Robert Schoch and Graham Hancock have both written extensively on the subject, Graham has written Heaven's Mirror and made a channel four programme of the same name. In 2001 Paul Weinzweig and Pauline Zalitzki discovered the remains of an ancient city submerged off the coast of Cuba, within the boundaries of the Bermuda Triangle. The ancient city is 600 feet below the ocean and the team of researchers are convinced that it is Atlantis or Lemuria. In 2001 researchers from the National Institute of Oceanography announced the discovery of ruins of a complex underwater city off the coast of North West India. The structure consists of an elaborate and highly sophisticated system of buildings with roads and drainage systems, indicating a highly evolved civilisation, long before historians had previously thought possible. Scientists and archaeologists have dated the site to the end of the ice age around 10,000BC. It seems more and more sites are	[ 512, 8836, 332, 713, 4955, 278, 8836, 332, 713, 8175, 10437, 2996, 515, 450, 349, 16301, 3076, 322, 6101, 374, 375, 29889, 2688, 5148, 363, 263, 15754, 304, 3604, 280, 373, 29892, 8437, 756, 577, 1784, 7788, 10503, 2561, 1244, 723, 367, 715, 296, 6845, 29889, 2688, 10600, 373, 8437, 515, 2820, 29871, 29946, 29892, 29945, 29900, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 5371, 304, 1048, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 2440, 8020, 29892, 6509, 322, 14338, 408, 263, 5192, 2729, 12459, 29889, 739, 338, 1497, 896, 892, 278, 937, 25618, 29936, 591, 599, 3978, 403, 515, 8836, 26607, 322, 8677, 1009, 325, 26218, 29892, 901, 13602, 297, 777, 29889, 739, 338, 5517, 393, 565, 366, 526, 12061, 304, 8836, 332, 713, 5864, 372, 338, 4549, 297, 596, 25348, 29889, 3834, 723, 1827, 393, 8836, 26607, 471, 278, 8405, 363, 278, 15874, 310, 278, 19906, 310, 382, 1145, 29889, 8836, 26607, 338, 884, 6041, 12992, 304, 408, 8229, 29892, 470, 278, 21869, 1049, 313, 974, 8229, 467, 13, 29940, 29889, 29933, 29889, 3834, 1827, 278, 8836, 5338, 550, 892, 1244, 701, 304, 29871, 29953, 29953, 7284, 2440, 8020, 3412, 2625, 278, 4538, 3628, 1295, 29892, 278, 432, 2857, 338, 714, 373, 393, 697, 29889, 13, 15597, 9850, 839, 278, 15482, 915, 29892, 777, 3604, 1847, 322, 6257, 7631, 275, 800, 1316, 408, 8920, 424, 275, 29889, 8836, 26607, 338, 21991, 457, 322, 5192, 2729, 13452, 8920, 424, 275, 338, 21799, 457, 322, 3458, 2729, 5864, 29889, 8920, 1647, 550, 750, 263, 2107, 4066, 297, 17173, 29892, 3081, 322, 714, 1328, 4603, 29889, 2688, 4240, 2107, 17040, 13968, 8608, 292, 14746, 310, 23864, 310, 1302, 2496, 304, 2594, 357, 322, 2107, 1370, 9981, 304, 26474, 22595, 29889, 8836, 5338, 550, 750, 694, 9121, 29892, 896, 872, 2356, 278, 3186, 304, 9677, 1009, 7134, 310, 540, 12818, 322, 20954, 5849, 29889, 2688, 750, 263, 28430, 4066, 297, 18032, 545, 322, 1009, 902, 5521, 2879, 750, 20607, 7134, 2360, 3595, 1951, 29889, 13, 15597, 7572, 304, 3013, 6958, 411, 1009, 3271, 322, 916, 6898, 17911, 23507, 29892, 1549, 1612, 7018, 322, 4382, 2084, 29891, 29889, 2688, 1304, 10901, 303, 1338, 363, 26413, 29892, 540, 12818, 29892, 15446, 7134, 2992, 29889, 13, 10401, 896, 750, 6728, 287, 408, 2215, 408, 896, 1033, 373, 8437, 727, 471, 263, 12176, 9500, 297, 278, 260, 522, 8927, 715, 1078, 310, 278, 8437, 322, 278, 2982, 310, 8836, 26607, 269, 804, 297, 278, 22906, 928, 29892, 10124, 825, 338, 1286, 2998, 408, 26901, 29875, 29892, 278, 19223, 310, 2043, 948, 28666, 322, 10161, 1316, 408, 25765, 423, 29889, 2688, 6363, 445, 1741, 471, 6421, 577, 777, 3512, 3271, 29892, 777, 3512, 1090, 2057, 29892, 777, 3512, 304, 8920, 424, 275, 29892, 1550, 4045, 17141, 19540, 8040, 1383, 5427, 297, 8046, 322, 4240, 278, 4272, 310, 18815, 359, 29889, 3139, 2175, 4846, 701, 1009, 5518, 17873, 304, 6773, 1009, 14675, 297, 8548, 883, 29889, 13, 3247, 1219, 5456, 21103, 3598, 1048, 8920, 424, 275, 322, 8836, 26607, 29889, 19027, 2443, 4983, 29892, 4104, 314, 21758, 350, 4112, 271, 7912, 29892, 8075, 26656, 327, 322, 2155, 5397, 315, 388, 346, 505, 599, 12992, 304, 8836, 26607, 297, 1009, 521, 812, 514, 886, 29889, 13, 1625, 11064, 5011, 6291, 1328, 471, 263, 4908, 4688, 29871, 29906, 29900, 386, 6462, 5925, 261, 29892, 9227, 29892, 263, 11817, 272, 29892, 22055, 322, 17924, 9427, 3504, 29889, 940, 2373, 14927, 405, 15633, 2443, 295, 29892, 5075, 473, 715, 1218, 304, 12566, 13968, 2645, 278, 937, 3186, 1370, 29892, 3412, 411, 916, 25169, 952, 29889, 512, 7513, 540, 12399, 4465, 562, 284, 1591, 1372, 310, 1067, 388, 16831, 23244, 3971, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29899, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 2440, 8020, 1048, 8836, 26607, 313, 15189, 4257, 341, 29965, 29897, 322, 967, 22104, 29889, 940, 3512, 373, 278, 2436, 9475, 8277, 373, 278, 4967, 29889, 13, 797, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29945, 263, 10369, 1370, 7751, 6350, 263, 2057, 1283, 278, 12180, 310, 5546, 322, 263, 8515, 12565, 12409, 471, 10943, 1283, 278, 7935, 310, 612, 265, 351, 3909, 29889, 739, 471, 525, 29928, 29915, 2462, 322, 278, 20699, 471, 20898, 1048, 2745, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29945, 746, 278, 937, 20612, 892, 4586, 6445, 758, 29899, 16211, 293, 286, 1658, 719, 29889, 22853, 901, 11840, 505, 1063, 1476, 1283, 2211, 20810, 24191, 6445, 5272, 279, 763, 883, 800, 29892, 4595, 380, 1466, 11436, 322, 12176, 6401, 12286, 29889, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29900, 8848, 310, 1090, 13405, 28439, 310, 825, 5692, 304, 367, 7117, 310, 263, 2919, 758, 29899, 797, 1113, 11359, 892, 10943, 297, 3001, 29889, 3834, 5925, 414, 4658, 445, 338, 760, 310, 278, 6575, 1717, 11359, 310, 8836, 26607, 29889, 8836, 5338, 550, 723, 378, 7642, 403, 373, 12176, 21796, 577, 896, 1033, 1612, 10388, 4208, 14218, 29889, 13, 9588, 2151, 1102, 2878, 322, 22196, 7169, 24956, 505, 1716, 3971, 21103, 3598, 373, 278, 4967, 29892, 22196, 756, 3971, 22977, 29915, 29879, 11612, 729, 322, 1754, 263, 8242, 3023, 19607, 310, 278, 1021, 1024, 29889, 13, 797, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29896, 3739, 26331, 29920, 28082, 322, 3739, 457, 796, 284, 2784, 1984, 10943, 278, 9242, 310, 385, 12297, 4272, 1014, 1050, 3192, 1283, 278, 12180, 310, 23653, 29892, 2629, 278, 24371, 310, 278, 350, 837, 6191, 8602, 2521, 29889, 450, 12297, 4272, 338, 29871, 29953, 29900, 29900, 6900, 2400, 278, 23474, 322, 278, 3815, 310, 5925, 414, 526, 25617, 393, 372, 338, 8920, 424, 275, 470, 8836, 26607, 29889, 13, 797, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29896, 5925, 414, 515, 278, 3086, 8907, 310, 21091, 5275, 9326, 278, 20699, 310, 5796, 1144, 310, 263, 4280, 1090, 13405, 4272, 1283, 278, 12180, 310, 4644, 3122, 7513, 29889, 450, 3829, 11624, 310, 385, 19430, 322, 10712, 269, 3021, 4695, 630, 1788, 310, 13814, 411, 25320, 322, 270, 6038, 482, 6757, 29892, 23941, 263, 10712, 15220, 1490, 7631, 4371, 29892, 1472, 1434, 3603, 5834, 750, 9251, 2714, 1950, 29889, 13, 29903, 15566, 2879, 322, 3190, 3660, 1189, 2879, 505, 29797, 278, 3268, 304, 278, 1095, 310, 278, 14890, 5046, 2820, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 5371, 29889, 13, 3112, 2444, 901, 322, 901, 11840, 526 ]	1,024	C4	0.538732	0.966195	2.683676	0.633451
Home » Travel The real Narnia April 2, 2017 11:29 am / Leave a comment Today I fulfilled a childhood dream, and explored Narnia. Really. There is something appropriate in the fact that i entered through a train platform, no less. For years, taking the train up to Assisi or Florence, one of the stations you pass is Narni-Amelia, and inevitably one thinks of Narnia. But it looks like a small town with little to recommend it, so i have blithely passed on by, spending my rare travel days in more exotic locations. I have always chalked up the similarity to coincidence. Silly me. The first clue Narni is the Italianized name, of course, for a mid-sized town perched on a hill 800′ above sea level, and rising over the Nera river from which it probably got its original name. Settled by the Umbri – neighbors of the Etruscans – sometime before 600 B.C., the village was called Nequinum. As they were wont to do, the Romans showed up a few centuries later, and in about 300 B.C., it became a proper Roman municipality, and, as the original name sounded something like "unable/worthless" in Latin, the name was changed to, you guessed it, Narnia. As you enter town, remains of an Augustan bridge still straddle some of the valley, built in 27 B.C.. Around the time that Jesus of Nazareth began his itinerant ministry in the Galilee, the future emperor Marcus Cocceius Nerva (96-98) was born here. Pliny the Younger (whose description of Vesuvius gave his name, 'Plinian', to that manner of volcanic eruption) recommends the baths here. Near the Ponte Cardona is a marker and a sign in several languages indicating that you are now at the geographic center of Italy.* According to a 2002 biography of C.S. Lewis, by Lancelyn Green, When Walter Hooper asked [C. S. Lewis] where he found the word 'Narnia', Lewis showed him Murray's Small Classical Atlas, ed. G.B. Grundy (1904), which he acquired when he was reading the classics with Mr Kirkpatrick at Great Bookham [1914–1917]. On plate 8 of the Atlas is a map of ancient Italy. Lewis had underscored the name of a little town called Narnia, simply because he liked the sound of it. There is no record of Lewis actually visiting Narni, but the name is not the only connection. There is also a Blessed Lucy of Narnia, a 16th century mystic, whose remains were restored to Narni at about the time that Lewis began to think up his Chronicles.I cannot help but think that the fact that a mystical creature is the city's symbol and coat of arms couldn't hurt, either. Rocca Albornoziana (Cair Paravel?) If you want to go both higher up and further in, two of the features of the town are the Rocca Albornoziana at the highest point, and the relatively recently rediscovered rooms of the Narni Sotterranea, excavated underneath the deconsecrated Church of San Domenico. As one walks up through the city toward the 13th century castle – built to defend against Saracen invaders – one can imagine inspiration for Cair Paravel. In good shape, with a lot of modern construction to support a small museum, this is the site of some serious summer medieval fair experiences, it seems. Named for Cardinal Egidio Albornoz, apostolic vicar responsible for restoring the military influence of the Avignon popes in the Italian peninsula in the 1350's and '60's. On the other hand, the history of the underground reads more like Grossman's The Magicians than Lewis' Chronicles of Narnia. In the late seventies (more than a decade after Lewis' death) a small band of young people from Narni had formed a kind of spelunking club, and discovered a small crack that lead into an underground chamber, which turned out to be the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel, a twelfth century chapel. Along with the	[ 8778, 2047, 3201, 955, 13, 1576, 1855, 405, 2753, 423, 13, 29909, 3193, 29871, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29955, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29901, 29906, 29929, 626, 847, 951, 1351, 263, 3440, 13, 29911, 397, 388, 306, 6095, 26940, 263, 2278, 6614, 12561, 29892, 322, 3902, 4395, 405, 2753, 423, 29889, 830, 635, 29889, 13, 8439, 338, 1554, 8210, 297, 278, 2114, 393, 474, 7802, 1549, 263, 7945, 7481, 29892, 694, 3109, 29889, 13, 2831, 2440, 29892, 5622, 278, 7945, 701, 304, 4007, 10770, 470, 23998, 29892, 697, 310, 278, 16355, 366, 1209, 338, 16080, 1240, 29899, 6833, 18556, 29892, 322, 297, 5750, 277, 2197, 697, 22405, 310, 405, 2753, 423, 29889, 1205, 372, 3430, 763, 263, 2319, 4726, 411, 2217, 304, 6907, 372, 29892, 577, 474, 505, 1999, 389, 873, 4502, 373, 491, 29892, 805, 2548, 590, 10812, 9850, 3841, 297, 901, 429, 13574, 14354, 29889, 306, 505, 2337, 521, 2235, 287, 701, 278, 29501, 304, 22819, 5084, 29889, 5664, 368, 592, 29889, 13, 1576, 937, 23960, 13, 29940, 279, 1240, 338, 278, 10545, 1891, 1024, 29892, 310, 3236, 29892, 363, 263, 7145, 29899, 29879, 1891, 4726, 639, 26902, 373, 263, 17306, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29900, 30139, 2038, 7205, 3233, 29892, 322, 20493, 975, 278, 405, 1572, 8580, 515, 607, 372, 3117, 2355, 967, 2441, 1024, 29889, 317, 1803, 839, 491, 278, 6379, 29890, 374, 785, 22092, 943, 310, 278, 382, 509, 22142, 550, 785, 1047, 5410, 1434, 29871, 29953, 29900, 29900, 350, 29889, 29907, 1696, 278, 5720, 471, 2000, 405, 1686, 262, 398, 29889, 1094, 896, 892, 20668, 304, 437, 29892, 278, 6033, 550, 10018, 701, 263, 2846, 21726, 2678, 29892, 322, 297, 1048, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29900, 350, 29889, 29907, 1696, 372, 3897, 263, 1571, 5917, 21511, 29892, 322, 29892, 408, 278, 2441, 1024, 6047, 287, 1554, 763, 376, 348, 519, 29914, 12554, 2222, 29908, 297, 13548, 29892, 278, 1024, 471, 3939, 304, 29892, 366, 4140, 287, 372, 29892, 405, 2753, 423, 29889, 13, 2887, 366, 3896, 4726, 29892, 9242, 310, 385, 3111, 273, 12945, 1603, 851, 22352, 777, 310, 278, 19599, 29892, 4240, 297, 29871, 29906, 29955, 350, 29889, 29907, 636, 826, 618, 278, 931, 393, 13825, 310, 11409, 598, 386, 4689, 670, 372, 4983, 424, 1375, 6020, 297, 278, 5208, 488, 29872, 29892, 278, 5434, 953, 13651, 27390, 315, 542, 346, 2482, 405, 25461, 313, 29929, 29953, 29899, 29929, 29947, 29897, 471, 6345, 1244, 29889, 1858, 4901, 278, 10443, 261, 313, 1332, 852, 6139, 310, 478, 267, 29884, 1403, 375, 4846, 670, 1024, 29892, 525, 29925, 1915, 713, 742, 304, 393, 8214, 310, 1700, 3068, 293, 604, 29884, 683, 29897, 5052, 1975, 278, 27683, 29879, 1244, 29889, 26206, 278, 349, 9568, 9160, 2681, 338, 263, 17456, 322, 263, 1804, 297, 3196, 10276, 23941, 393, 366, 526, 1286, 472, 278, 1737, 12122, 4818, 310, 12730, 5575, 13, 7504, 3278, 304, 263, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 4768, 5275, 310, 315, 29889, 29903, 29889, 15037, 29892, 491, 24994, 873, 29876, 7646, 29892, 13, 10401, 10705, 8335, 3372, 4433, 518, 29907, 29889, 317, 29889, 15037, 29962, 988, 540, 1476, 278, 1734, 525, 29940, 2753, 423, 742, 15037, 10018, 1075, 22340, 29915, 29879, 18285, 4134, 936, 27076, 29892, 1226, 29889, 402, 29889, 29933, 29889, 10197, 29891, 313, 29896, 29929, 29900, 29946, 511, 607, 540, 16692, 746, 540, 471, 5183, 278, 770, 1199, 411, 3237, 26424, 5031, 9131, 472, 7027, 6726, 3391, 518, 29896, 29929, 29896, 29946, 29994, 29896, 29929, 29896, 29955, 1822, 1551, 15284, 29871, 29947, 310, 278, 27076, 338, 263, 2910, 310, 12297, 12730, 29889, 15037, 750, 23400, 2616, 287, 278, 1024, 310, 263, 2217, 4726, 2000, 405, 2753, 423, 29892, 3763, 1363, 540, 23289, 278, 6047, 310, 372, 29889, 13, 8439, 338, 694, 2407, 310, 15037, 2869, 6493, 292, 16080, 1240, 29892, 541, 278, 1024, 338, 451, 278, 871, 3957, 29889, 1670, 338, 884, 263, 350, 2222, 287, 28846, 310, 405, 2753, 423, 29892, 263, 29871, 29896, 29953, 386, 6462, 16624, 293, 29892, 5069, 9242, 892, 23119, 304, 16080, 1240, 472, 1048, 278, 931, 393, 15037, 4689, 304, 1348, 701, 670, 15336, 4027, 29889, 29902, 2609, 1371, 541, 1348, 393, 278, 2114, 393, 263, 16624, 936, 23940, 338, 278, 4272, 29915, 29879, 5829, 322, 24296, 310, 10188, 8496, 29915, 29873, 21682, 29892, 2845, 29889, 13, 29934, 542, 1113, 838, 4089, 1217, 29920, 3857, 313, 29907, 1466, 1459, 6447, 7897, 13, 3644, 366, 864, 304, 748, 1716, 6133, 701, 322, 4340, 297, 29892, 1023, 310, 278, 5680, 310, 278, 4726, 526, 278, 25111, 1113, 838, 4089, 1217, 29920, 3857, 472, 278, 9939, 1298, 29892, 322, 278, 13774, 10325, 29825, 11911, 287, 19600, 310, 278, 16080, 1240, 317, 327, 357, 10800, 29874, 29892, 5566, 485, 630, 1090, 484, 493, 278, 316, 535, 3471, 29878, 630, 6291, 310, 3087, 360, 2770, 1417, 29889, 13, 2887, 697, 17042, 2039, 701, 1549, 278, 4272, 11183, 278, 29871, 29896, 29941, 386, 6462, 20610, 785, 4240, 304, 24663, 2750, 7745, 562, 264, 2437, 24574, 785, 697, 508, 14034, 8681, 12232, 363, 315, 1466, 1459, 6447, 29889, 512, 1781, 8267, 29892, 411, 263, 3287, 310, 5400, 7632, 304, 2304, 263, 2319, 19133, 29892, 445, 338, 278, 3268, 310, 777, 10676, 11801, 27690, 6534, 27482, 29892, 372, 2444, 29889, 405, 2795, 363, 9160, 979, 14304, 333, 601, 838, 4089, 1217, 29920, 29892, 18115, 324, 293, 9467, 279, 14040, 363, 1791, 8253, 278, 9121, 9949, 310, 278, 7740, 29582, 1835, 267, 297, 278, 10545, 6584, 1144, 2497, 297, 278, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29945, 29900, 29915, 29879, 322, 525, 29953, 29900, 29915, 29879, 29889, 13, 2951, 278, 916, 1361, 29892, 278, 4955, 310, 278, 1090, 2057, 13623, 901, 763, 402, 2124, 1171, 29915, 29879, 450, 3561, 14722, 1135, 15037, 29915, 15336, 4027, 310, 405, 2753, 423, 29889, 512, 278, 5683, 16741, 583, 313, 5514, 1135, 263, 316, 6332, 1156, 15037, 29915, 4892, 29897, 263, 2319, 3719, 310, 4123, 2305, 515, 16080, 1240, 750, 8429, 263, 2924, 310, 18389, 2960, 292, 4402, 29892, 322, 10943, 263, 2319, 26755, 393, 3275, 964, 385, 1090, 2057, 24171, 29892, 607, 6077, 714, 304, 367, 278, 6291, 310, 4107, 5765, 278, 2595, 9477, 29892, 263, 3252, 761, 386, 6462, 10708, 295, 29889, 838, 549, 411, 278 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.611971	0.20034	1.647193	0.764998
chapel are a series of rooms that turn out to be cells and a torture chamber, used by the Inquisition for a period of about three centuries. Extensive graffiti in one of the cells left by prisoners from about 1745 to 1854. archives related to the activity of the tribunal based in Narni were part of the collection stolen by Napoleon Bonaparte from the Vatican and related to Paris; when the collection was possible to be returned, Vatican authorities at the time sought to preserve only a handful of the Inquisitions records (such as the trial of the Templars) and let the rest to be recycled. One box found its way to Trinity College, Dublin, including some from the Narni tribunal. Certainly, worth the day trip from Rome! View of Narni from Rocca Albornozania, complete with trebuchet and battering ram *Apparently at least a couple other places also claim to be at the geographic center of Italy. The Italian Military Geographic Institute does not endorse any of them, as ""the (Italian) boot is not a geometric design and therefore it is impossible to determine the exact position of the centre of Italy" Into the Desert November 20, 2015 10:59 am / Leave a comment As I continue my research fellowship at Tantur, marveling at the amount of work one can do on a doctorate when one has normal access to a library and is not working four or five part time jobs, I have had some occasions to join the sabbatical program on a couple of their excursions. For the last two days, we went into the desert: Qumran, Masada, floating the Dead Sea, overnight at Kibbutz Mash'abei Sadeh, Makhtesh HaGadol, and lunch with a family of Negev Beduin. Qumran is the archaeological site between the Dead Sea and the caves on the eastern slopes of the Judean mountains, just over 20 km due east of Jerusalem as the Tristramit fly. Eleven of the scores of caves in the hills contained over 900 manuscripts dating about 2000 years old, most of which include what later became the canonical books of the Hebrew Bible (except Esther), leading to some connections between Qumran and the treasury of scrolls found in the caves, and this is what drives interest in Qumran, as it is, by itself, a fairly small archaeological site. The scriptural texts were a millennium older than the previous oldest surviving manuscripts, giving us a measure for the development over time, and the impressive consistency. Masada is a desert fortress situated on a massive mesa 53km southeast of Jerusalem, towering over the Dead Sea. To say it is impressive is an understatement almost as massive. Linked with the Hasmonean Maccabee revolt in the mid-second century before Christ, it was developed on a grand scale under Herod the Great in the 30s and 20s B.C., and used again by the Sicarii, the Zealots, during the revolt against the Romans that resulted in the destruction of the Temple in 70 A.D./C.E. It was during this conflict that the Romans besieged Masada, recounted to us by Flavius Josephus (who was not actually present). The remains of the roman siege can still be seen: several siege camps and a siege wall are still visible from high up in the fortress, as is a massive ramp built by the Romans to access the fortress from the desert floor without having to scramble up the narrow 'snake path' that lead to the front gate. Masada, Roman siege ramp on right The Dead Sea probably needs little explanation, but it is hard to describe the feeling of getting in and feeling the seemingly unnatural buoyancy, owing to its 35% salinity. It is said that when Vespasian came to the Sea during the Roman-Jewish War in the late 60's, he threw Jewish prisoners into the sea while bound to see if they really would float – and they did, despite being unable to swim. Then valuable for its salt, now the stuff piles up uselessly as the lake is process more for other minerals: bromides, potash, magnesium. More than 400 meters below sea level (at the surface) and another	[ 10708, 295, 526, 263, 3652, 310, 19600, 393, 2507, 714, 304, 367, 9101, 322, 263, 16263, 545, 24171, 29892, 1304, 491, 278, 512, 23493, 363, 263, 3785, 310, 1048, 2211, 21726, 29889, 7338, 6270, 2646, 600, 4812, 297, 697, 310, 278, 9101, 2175, 491, 22979, 515, 1048, 29871, 29896, 29955, 29946, 29945, 304, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29945, 29946, 29889, 3190, 3145, 4475, 304, 278, 6354, 310, 278, 9434, 17507, 2729, 297, 16080, 1240, 892, 760, 310, 278, 4333, 380, 18975, 491, 24265, 8396, 481, 11908, 515, 278, 478, 271, 2185, 322, 4475, 304, 3681, 29936, 746, 278, 4333, 471, 1950, 304, 367, 4133, 29892, 478, 271, 2185, 21142, 472, 278, 931, 18365, 304, 19905, 871, 263, 1361, 1319, 310, 278, 512, 7680, 2187, 6475, 313, 14565, 408, 278, 14260, 310, 278, 6789, 572, 1503, 29897, 322, 1235, 278, 1791, 304, 367, 1162, 11078, 839, 29889, 3118, 3800, 1476, 967, 982, 304, 1605, 13593, 6346, 29892, 24533, 29892, 3704, 777, 515, 278, 16080, 1240, 9434, 17507, 29889, 13, 29907, 13946, 368, 29892, 7088, 278, 2462, 17487, 515, 9184, 29991, 13, 1043, 310, 16080, 1240, 515, 25111, 1113, 838, 4089, 1217, 29920, 4807, 29892, 4866, 411, 2578, 8458, 300, 322, 10193, 292, 13472, 13, 29930, 2052, 279, 2705, 472, 3203, 263, 7303, 916, 7600, 884, 5995, 304, 367, 472, 278, 1737, 12122, 4818, 310, 12730, 29889, 450, 10545, 20080, 26304, 8907, 947, 451, 1095, 272, 344, 738, 310, 963, 29892, 408, 5124, 1552, 313, 10512, 713, 29897, 6579, 338, 451, 263, 26224, 2874, 322, 5480, 372, 338, 9301, 304, 8161, 278, 2684, 2602, 310, 278, 8442, 310, 12730, 29908, 13, 797, 517, 278, 2726, 814, 13, 25363, 1096, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29901, 29945, 29929, 626, 847, 951, 1351, 263, 3440, 13, 2887, 306, 6773, 590, 5925, 10404, 3527, 472, 323, 424, 332, 29892, 1766, 955, 292, 472, 278, 5253, 310, 664, 697, 508, 437, 373, 263, 11619, 403, 746, 697, 756, 4226, 2130, 304, 263, 3489, 322, 338, 451, 1985, 3023, 470, 5320, 760, 931, 17643, 29892, 306, 505, 750, 777, 26108, 304, 5988, 278, 269, 8846, 271, 936, 1824, 373, 263, 7303, 310, 1009, 5566, 1295, 1080, 29889, 13, 2831, 278, 1833, 1023, 3841, 29892, 591, 3512, 964, 278, 18197, 29901, 660, 398, 661, 29892, 8622, 1114, 29892, 16526, 278, 16992, 14070, 29892, 975, 11147, 472, 476, 747, 4187, 29920, 341, 1161, 29915, 12410, 317, 1943, 29882, 29892, 17232, 400, 12094, 5952, 29954, 328, 324, 29892, 322, 301, 3322, 411, 263, 3942, 310, 12610, 5750, 350, 6085, 262, 29889, 13, 29984, 398, 661, 338, 278, 3190, 3660, 5996, 3268, 1546, 278, 16992, 14070, 322, 278, 274, 5989, 373, 278, 18632, 269, 4757, 267, 310, 278, 435, 1151, 273, 19223, 29892, 925, 975, 29871, 29906, 29900, 2383, 2861, 9755, 310, 23204, 408, 278, 1605, 2132, 314, 277, 11340, 29889, 8317, 854, 310, 278, 19435, 310, 274, 5989, 297, 278, 22696, 11122, 975, 29871, 29929, 29900, 29900, 27593, 29879, 270, 1218, 1048, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29900, 2440, 2030, 29892, 1556, 310, 607, 3160, 825, 2678, 3897, 278, 24420, 8277, 310, 278, 18472, 3973, 21958, 313, 19499, 2661, 2276, 511, 8236, 304, 777, 12368, 1546, 660, 398, 661, 322, 278, 2578, 294, 2857, 310, 6355, 29879, 1476, 297, 278, 274, 5989, 29892, 322, 445, 338, 825, 25100, 4066, 297, 660, 398, 661, 29892, 408, 372, 338, 29892, 491, 3528, 29892, 263, 12558, 2319, 3190, 3660, 5996, 3268, 29889, 450, 2471, 3631, 26442, 892, 263, 3533, 264, 1240, 398, 9642, 1135, 278, 3517, 23947, 10503, 4357, 27593, 29879, 29892, 6820, 502, 263, 5645, 363, 278, 5849, 975, 931, 29892, 322, 278, 21210, 573, 5718, 3819, 29889, 13, 29924, 294, 1114, 338, 263, 18197, 363, 509, 404, 24046, 373, 263, 20364, 4883, 29874, 29871, 29945, 29941, 8848, 13267, 15879, 310, 23204, 29892, 19372, 292, 975, 278, 16992, 14070, 29889, 1763, 1827, 372, 338, 21210, 573, 338, 385, 1090, 20788, 4359, 408, 20364, 29889, 28547, 411, 278, 379, 11625, 650, 273, 4326, 29883, 370, 3905, 13819, 29873, 297, 278, 7145, 29899, 7496, 6462, 1434, 2819, 29892, 372, 471, 8906, 373, 263, 4595, 6287, 1090, 2439, 397, 278, 7027, 297, 278, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29879, 322, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29879, 350, 29889, 29907, 1696, 322, 1304, 1449, 491, 278, 18349, 1306, 29875, 29892, 278, 3091, 284, 1862, 29892, 2645, 278, 13819, 29873, 2750, 278, 6033, 550, 393, 20601, 297, 278, 22104, 310, 278, 18057, 297, 29871, 29955, 29900, 319, 29889, 29928, 6904, 29907, 29889, 29923, 29889, 739, 471, 2645, 445, 14529, 393, 278, 6033, 550, 3008, 347, 3192, 8622, 1114, 29892, 1162, 792, 287, 304, 502, 491, 383, 433, 1403, 375, 6936, 375, 313, 15970, 471, 451, 2869, 2198, 467, 450, 9242, 310, 278, 9728, 2686, 479, 508, 1603, 367, 3595, 29901, 3196, 2686, 479, 3949, 567, 322, 263, 2686, 479, 10090, 526, 1603, 7962, 515, 1880, 701, 297, 278, 363, 509, 404, 29892, 408, 338, 263, 20364, 364, 1160, 4240, 491, 278, 6033, 550, 304, 2130, 278, 363, 509, 404, 515, 278, 18197, 11904, 1728, 2534, 304, 885, 2572, 569, 701, 278, 12474, 525, 29879, 21040, 2224, 29915, 393, 3275, 304, 278, 4565, 12417, 29889, 13, 29924, 294, 1114, 29892, 5917, 2686, 479, 364, 1160, 373, 1492, 13, 1576, 16992, 14070, 3117, 4225, 2217, 8252, 29892, 541, 372, 338, 2898, 304, 8453, 278, 11223, 310, 2805, 297, 322, 11223, 278, 2833, 11687, 443, 25047, 1321, 12602, 6906, 29892, 8152, 292, 304, 967, 29871, 29941, 29945, 29995, 4497, 13593, 29889, 739, 338, 1497, 393, 746, 478, 9983, 294, 713, 2996, 304, 278, 14070, 2645, 278, 5917, 29899, 29967, 809, 728, 3362, 297, 278, 5683, 29871, 29953, 29900, 29915, 29879, 29892, 540, 18318, 16728, 22979, 964, 278, 7205, 1550, 3216, 304, 1074, 565, 896, 2289, 723, 5785, 785, 322, 896, 1258, 29892, 15020, 1641, 9368, 304, 2381, 326, 29889, 1987, 21114, 363, 967, 15795, 29892, 1286, 278, 6433, 282, 5475, 701, 19315, 368, 408, 278, 19437, 338, 1889, 901, 363, 916, 1375, 261, 1338, 29901, 289, 456, 2247, 29892, 3104, 1161, 29892, 2320, 4515, 1974, 29889, 5853, 1135, 29871, 29946, 29900, 29900, 27881, 2400, 7205, 3233, 313, 271, 278, 7101, 29897, 322, 1790 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.848477	0.672896	2.124191	0.653689
300m deep, the salt lake is receding at a rate of one meter (about 3'6") per year. This is dramatically seen when one comes across one of the spas built on the shore in the mid-1980s – now so far from the water that one has to take a shuttle to get from the spa to the lake. Surprising to me was how many tourists come to Israel simply to spend a week at the Dead Sea for its health benefits, never once spending anytime at the holy sites, exploring the cultural heritage, history, or even political situation of the land. We then spent the night at Kibbutz Mash'abei Sadeh. The kibbutzim are pretty well known around the world, but maybe only in a general sense. Years ago I remember talking with a group of friends about how we would love to have all the benefits of religious community life without the necessary obligations of living in single-sex communities or that the only state of life option would be vowed chastity. We had images of a large plot of land with cabins for privacy and a common space for joint activities, including a library, fencing gym, dojo, and common area for games and socializing. I do not think it occurred to any of us that we had described something that already existed in practice, so different did it seem than the usual expectation in the States of buying into your own private slice of life separate from everyone around you. This kibbutz is 66 years old, with about 200 members and another couple of hundred residents. Like most, there has been some accommodation to privatization, but education, health care, and culture remain communitarian. Everyone contributes their salary to the community fund, whether physician or janitor, and is given an equal stipend on top of the common needs being met. Makhtesh HaGadol, in the Negev The morning took us to what ought to be one of the natural wonders of the world. The Makhtesh HaGadol, or the large Makhtesh, is often referred to as a crater but is something altogether different. Where a crater is the result of an extraterrestrial impact or volcanic explosion, the Makhteshim are what happen when you erode the insides of a mountain out while leaving part of the shell behind. Ten kilometers long and five wide, the slopes of the original mountain are still visible, covered in limestone, while the soft sandstone middle has long since been eroded away. It is more than half a kilometer drop from the top of the rim to the central basin below. In the quiet of the morning, under a hot sun and a cool breeze, we spent some time in quiet prayer and contemplation. Let the words of Elijah's encounter with God shape our reflection: Then the word of the Lord came to him, saying, "What are you doing here, Elijah?" 10 He answered, "I have been very zealous for the Lord, the God of hosts; for the Israelites have forsaken your covenant, thrown down your altars, and killed your prophets with the sword. I alone am left, and they are seeking my life, to take it away." 11 He said, "Go out and stand on the mountain before the Lord, for the Lord is about to pass by." Now there was a great wind, so strong that it was splitting mountains and breaking rocks in pieces before the Lord, but the Lord was not in the wind; and after the wind an earthquake, but the Lord was not in the earthquake; 12 and after the earthquake a fire, but the Lord was not in the fire; and after the fire a sound of sheer silence. 13 When Elijah heard it, he wrapped his face in his mantle and went out and stood at the entrance of the cave. Then there came a voice to him that said, "What are you doing here, Elijah?" We then went to the house of the 'mayor' of one of the Negev's 'unrecognized' Bedouin communities, Kashem Zaneh, for discussion and lunch. The Bedouin are Arabs demarked by their nomadic desert life – the word itself (Arabic, badawi) derives from bada (desert) and simply means "those who dwell in the desert". The people of Israel entire were badawi during the Exodus. Yet, the Bedouin of the Negev were often less nomadic than their counterparts in other deserts, the village we visited tracing its	[ 29871, 29941, 29900, 29900, 29885, 6483, 29892, 278, 15795, 19437, 338, 337, 1133, 292, 472, 263, 6554, 310, 697, 11134, 313, 12717, 29871, 29941, 29915, 29953, 1159, 639, 1629, 29889, 910, 338, 8541, 19574, 3595, 746, 697, 5304, 4822, 697, 310, 278, 805, 294, 4240, 373, 278, 19055, 297, 278, 7145, 29899, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29900, 29879, 785, 1286, 577, 2215, 515, 278, 4094, 393, 697, 756, 304, 2125, 263, 528, 4774, 280, 304, 679, 515, 278, 805, 29874, 304, 278, 19437, 29889, 6298, 558, 5921, 304, 592, 471, 920, 1784, 6282, 2879, 2041, 304, 11996, 3763, 304, 18864, 263, 4723, 472, 278, 16992, 14070, 363, 967, 9045, 23633, 29892, 2360, 2748, 805, 2548, 738, 2230, 472, 278, 26630, 11840, 29892, 3902, 8253, 278, 16375, 902, 16639, 29892, 4955, 29892, 470, 1584, 8604, 6434, 310, 278, 2982, 29889, 13, 4806, 769, 10398, 278, 4646, 472, 476, 747, 4187, 29920, 341, 1161, 29915, 12410, 317, 1943, 29882, 29889, 450, 413, 747, 4187, 29920, 326, 526, 5051, 1532, 2998, 2820, 278, 3186, 29892, 541, 5505, 871, 297, 263, 2498, 4060, 29889, 23857, 8020, 306, 6456, 9963, 411, 263, 2318, 310, 7875, 1048, 920, 591, 723, 5360, 304, 505, 599, 278, 23633, 310, 12962, 7881, 2834, 1728, 278, 5181, 10788, 800, 310, 8471, 297, 2323, 29899, 14167, 23507, 470, 393, 278, 871, 2106, 310, 2834, 2984, 723, 367, 325, 20937, 521, 579, 537, 29889, 1334, 750, 4558, 310, 263, 2919, 6492, 310, 2982, 411, 7776, 1144, 363, 5999, 4135, 322, 263, 3619, 2913, 363, 14002, 14188, 29892, 3704, 263, 3489, 29892, 285, 16750, 330, 962, 29892, 437, 2212, 29892, 322, 3619, 4038, 363, 8090, 322, 5264, 5281, 29889, 306, 437, 451, 1348, 372, 10761, 304, 738, 310, 502, 393, 591, 750, 5439, 1554, 393, 2307, 22856, 297, 6944, 29892, 577, 1422, 1258, 372, 2833, 1135, 278, 9670, 23227, 297, 278, 3900, 310, 1321, 5414, 964, 596, 1914, 2024, 22780, 310, 2834, 5004, 515, 14332, 2820, 366, 29889, 910, 413, 747, 4187, 29920, 338, 29871, 29953, 29953, 2440, 2030, 29892, 411, 1048, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 5144, 322, 1790, 7303, 310, 6893, 24060, 29889, 8502, 1556, 29892, 727, 756, 1063, 777, 24803, 362, 304, 5999, 271, 2133, 29892, 541, 9793, 29892, 9045, 2562, 29892, 322, 9257, 3933, 3817, 3673, 713, 29889, 7569, 650, 640, 5026, 1009, 4497, 653, 304, 278, 7881, 5220, 29892, 3692, 4824, 8910, 470, 5496, 2105, 29892, 322, 338, 2183, 385, 5186, 380, 666, 355, 373, 2246, 310, 278, 3619, 4225, 1641, 1539, 29889, 13, 29924, 557, 400, 12094, 5952, 29954, 328, 324, 29892, 297, 278, 12610, 5750, 13, 1576, 7250, 3614, 502, 304, 825, 12722, 304, 367, 697, 310, 278, 5613, 281, 18452, 310, 278, 3186, 29889, 450, 17232, 400, 12094, 5952, 29954, 328, 324, 29892, 470, 278, 2919, 17232, 400, 12094, 29892, 338, 4049, 12992, 304, 408, 263, 2181, 1008, 541, 338, 1554, 19148, 1422, 29889, 6804, 263, 2181, 1008, 338, 278, 1121, 310, 385, 17541, 1008, 5060, 9315, 10879, 470, 1700, 3068, 293, 20389, 291, 29892, 278, 17232, 400, 12094, 326, 526, 825, 3799, 746, 366, 604, 356, 278, 1663, 2247, 310, 263, 14378, 714, 1550, 10124, 760, 310, 278, 6473, 5742, 29889, 12444, 20052, 2699, 1472, 322, 5320, 9377, 29892, 278, 269, 4757, 267, 310, 278, 2441, 14378, 526, 1603, 7962, 29892, 10664, 297, 2485, 27744, 29892, 1550, 278, 4964, 11982, 12734, 7256, 756, 1472, 1951, 1063, 604, 6797, 3448, 29889, 739, 338, 901, 1135, 4203, 263, 23836, 5768, 515, 278, 2246, 310, 278, 12726, 304, 278, 6555, 2362, 262, 2400, 29889, 512, 278, 11813, 310, 278, 7250, 29892, 1090, 263, 7375, 6575, 322, 263, 12528, 289, 929, 911, 29892, 591, 10398, 777, 931, 297, 11813, 27402, 322, 640, 16305, 362, 29889, 2803, 278, 3838, 310, 382, 7267, 801, 29915, 29879, 11735, 411, 4177, 8267, 1749, 17842, 29901, 13, 11760, 278, 1734, 310, 278, 6171, 2996, 304, 1075, 29892, 5934, 29892, 376, 5618, 526, 366, 2599, 1244, 29892, 382, 7267, 801, 3026, 29871, 29896, 29900, 940, 7699, 29892, 376, 29902, 505, 1063, 1407, 3777, 20521, 363, 278, 6171, 29892, 278, 4177, 310, 18982, 29936, 363, 278, 11996, 3246, 505, 363, 29879, 9424, 596, 274, 9813, 424, 29892, 12005, 1623, 596, 5272, 1503, 29892, 322, 9445, 596, 27953, 1691, 411, 278, 22378, 29889, 306, 7432, 626, 2175, 29892, 322, 896, 526, 25738, 590, 2834, 29892, 304, 2125, 372, 3448, 1213, 13, 29896, 29896, 940, 1497, 29892, 376, 8120, 714, 322, 2317, 373, 278, 14378, 1434, 278, 6171, 29892, 363, 278, 6171, 338, 1048, 304, 1209, 491, 1213, 2567, 727, 471, 263, 2107, 8805, 29892, 577, 4549, 393, 372, 471, 24368, 19223, 322, 16679, 23150, 297, 12785, 1434, 278, 6171, 29892, 541, 278, 6171, 471, 451, 297, 278, 8805, 29936, 322, 1156, 278, 8805, 385, 8437, 339, 1296, 29892, 541, 278, 6171, 471, 451, 297, 278, 8437, 339, 1296, 29936, 29871, 29896, 29906, 322, 1156, 278, 8437, 339, 1296, 263, 3974, 29892, 541, 278, 6171, 471, 451, 297, 278, 3974, 29936, 322, 1156, 278, 3974, 263, 6047, 310, 1183, 261, 15142, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29941, 1932, 382, 7267, 801, 6091, 372, 29892, 540, 21021, 670, 3700, 297, 670, 13694, 280, 322, 3512, 714, 322, 8389, 472, 278, 19546, 310, 278, 24230, 29889, 1987, 727, 2996, 263, 7314, 304, 1075, 393, 1497, 29892, 376, 5618, 526, 366, 2599, 1244, 29892, 382, 7267, 801, 3026, 13, 4806, 769, 3512, 304, 278, 3699, 310, 278, 525, 13029, 272, 29915, 310, 697, 310, 278, 12610, 5750, 29915, 29879, 525, 348, 29423, 1891, 29915, 14195, 283, 262, 23507, 29892, 476, 1161, 331, 796, 1662, 29882, 29892, 363, 10679, 322, 301, 3322, 29889, 450, 14195, 283, 262, 526, 10387, 29879, 1261, 935, 287, 491, 1009, 2245, 26538, 18197, 2834, 785, 278, 1734, 3528, 313, 29909, 4201, 293, 29892, 289, 1114, 4353, 29897, 589, 3145, 515, 289, 1114, 313, 2783, 814, 29897, 322, 3763, 2794, 376, 386, 852, 1058, 24013, 297, 278, 18197, 1642, 450, 2305, 310, 11996, 4152, 892, 289, 1114, 4353, 2645, 278, 1222, 397, 375, 29889, 15175, 29892, 278, 14195, 283, 262, 310, 278, 12610, 5750, 892, 4049, 3109, 2245, 26538, 1135, 1009, 6795, 20895, 297, 916, 18197, 29879, 29892, 278, 5720, 591, 16669, 16703, 292, 967 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.410908	0.21348	1.136125	0.921842
history back at least five centuries. Temporary construction marks the villages, not unlike some First Nations reservations I have seen in North America. Corrugated steel seems to be the construction material of choice, along with semi-permanent tents. It was a Bedouin goatherd who discovered the Dead Sea scrolls near Qumran. Kashem Zaneh, Bedouin village Their political situation is tenuous – full Israeli citizens, and living outside of the Palestinian territories, but restricted to a zone around Be'er Sheva covering about 2% of their traditional range, the 100,000 or so Bedouin have to choose between living in one of about eight recognized communities, giving up their traditional life, or staying on their homeland with none of the benefits of the modern state. We were told the Israeli Education ministry spends as much on transporting the 700 Bedouin children from this village to school 15km away each year as it would cost to actually build a school on site – which is not done because it remains an unrecognized community. The well at Tel Be'er Sheva – 2700 years old and 70 meters deep Finally, we stopped at Tel Be'er Sheva, the archaeological site associated with the patriarch Abraham and his first settling in the promised land. A well remains that, though not old enough to be the original, dates back around 2,700 years. We first encounter Be'er Sheva (Beersheba) in Genesis 21, as the place of the covenant between Abraham and Abimelech, giving the place its name: the well of the covenant, or the well of the seven (the ewes Abraham offered to Abimelech to prove his ownership of the well). Just a few lines beforehand, however, the first reference is attached ot one of the most significant moments in the Bible for contemporary Israeli-Arab relations. It is from here that Abraham sends away his concubine Hagar and her son Ishmael, who is destined to become the father of the Arab peoples, and the forefather of Mohamed, while Moses and Jesus both descended from the line of his half-brother Isaac. The archaeological evidence shows habitation back to at least 4000 years before Christ, into the bronze age, an estimated 2200 years before Abraham. According to the Hebrew Bible, this is the southernmost city settles by the Israelites. Russian Orthodox Mission in the Holy Land The Russian Orthodox have the monastery of St. Mary Magdalen on the Mount of Olives, including the sites of the Tombs of the Prophets and (one site of) the grotto of Gethsemane, just up the hill from the Franciscans at the Church of All Nations and the Garden of Gethsemane. Tsar Alexander III acquired the land here in the late nineteenth century, and had the church consecrated in 1888 in memory of his (German) mother, Empress Maria Alexandrovna. The Tsar sent his brother, Grand Duke Segei Alexandrovich and his wife Grand Duchess Elzabeth Fedorovna as the official delegation to the consecration. The Grand Duchess was so taken with the place that, after her husband's assassination in 1905, she founded the monastic community of Martha and Mary in Moscow. During the Revolution, in 1918, she and her cellmate, Sister Barbara, were taken and thrown into a mine-shaft near Alapayevsk in the Urals. Their bodies were recovered and eventually brought to rest here at the Church of Mary Magdalen in 1921. They were declared martyrs in 1981. The monastic community here owes its origins to two Anglican converts who started the community in 1933. At about the same time, the miraculous icon of the Virgin Mary "Hodigitria" (the Unburnt Bush) arrived at the church. Under previous custody of Metropolitan Ilias of Lebanon, he is said to have dreamt three times that the Blessed Virgin appeared to him, ordering him to give the icon to the care of the Abbess Maria in Palestine. Our visits here included a informative tour by a French brother who was responsible for the guest house and the holy sites. The first of which has been known since the medieval period the Tombs of the Prophets Haggai, Zachariah, and Malachi (d	[ 4955, 1250, 472, 3203, 5320, 21726, 29889, 6789, 1971, 653, 7632, 17997, 278, 18481, 29892, 451, 25531, 777, 3824, 18269, 620, 6972, 800, 306, 505, 3595, 297, 4644, 6813, 29889, 2994, 11124, 630, 22973, 2444, 304, 367, 278, 7632, 5518, 310, 7348, 29892, 3412, 411, 12647, 29899, 546, 1171, 296, 260, 1237, 29889, 739, 471, 263, 14195, 283, 262, 748, 1624, 29881, 1058, 10943, 278, 16992, 14070, 6355, 29879, 2978, 660, 398, 661, 29889, 13, 29968, 1161, 331, 796, 1662, 29882, 29892, 14195, 283, 262, 5720, 13, 1576, 381, 8604, 6434, 338, 3006, 17269, 785, 2989, 22895, 5037, 18363, 29892, 322, 8471, 5377, 310, 278, 22053, 262, 713, 5884, 3842, 29892, 541, 22078, 304, 263, 10640, 2820, 1522, 29915, 261, 2296, 1564, 21653, 1048, 29871, 29906, 29995, 310, 1009, 13807, 3464, 29892, 278, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 470, 577, 14195, 283, 262, 505, 304, 6755, 1546, 8471, 297, 697, 310, 1048, 9475, 14831, 23507, 29892, 6820, 701, 1009, 13807, 2834, 29892, 470, 7952, 292, 373, 1009, 3632, 14045, 411, 5642, 310, 278, 23633, 310, 278, 5400, 2106, 29889, 1334, 892, 5429, 278, 22895, 5037, 13151, 1375, 6020, 805, 1975, 408, 1568, 373, 8608, 292, 278, 29871, 29955, 29900, 29900, 14195, 283, 262, 4344, 515, 445, 5720, 304, 3762, 29871, 29896, 29945, 8848, 3448, 1269, 1629, 408, 372, 723, 3438, 304, 2869, 2048, 263, 3762, 373, 3268, 785, 607, 338, 451, 2309, 1363, 372, 9242, 385, 443, 29423, 1891, 7881, 29889, 13, 1576, 1532, 472, 18815, 1522, 29915, 261, 2296, 1564, 785, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29900, 29900, 2440, 2030, 322, 29871, 29955, 29900, 27881, 6483, 13, 12881, 635, 29892, 591, 11084, 472, 18815, 1522, 29915, 261, 2296, 1564, 29892, 278, 3190, 3660, 5996, 3268, 6942, 411, 278, 16967, 1279, 24763, 322, 670, 937, 3604, 1847, 297, 278, 22399, 2982, 29889, 319, 1532, 9242, 393, 29892, 2466, 451, 2030, 3307, 304, 367, 278, 2441, 29892, 10116, 1250, 2820, 29871, 29906, 29892, 29955, 29900, 29900, 2440, 29889, 1334, 937, 11735, 1522, 29915, 261, 2296, 1564, 313, 3629, 414, 354, 2291, 29897, 297, 5739, 6656, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29892, 408, 278, 2058, 310, 278, 274, 9813, 424, 1546, 24763, 322, 1976, 603, 280, 305, 29892, 6820, 278, 2058, 967, 1024, 29901, 278, 1532, 310, 278, 274, 9813, 424, 29892, 470, 278, 1532, 310, 278, 9881, 313, 1552, 321, 29893, 267, 24763, 12520, 304, 1976, 603, 280, 305, 304, 6356, 670, 27428, 310, 278, 1532, 467, 13, 14084, 263, 2846, 3454, 1434, 3179, 29892, 3138, 29892, 278, 937, 3407, 338, 10959, 4932, 697, 310, 278, 1556, 7282, 19462, 297, 278, 21958, 363, 24952, 22895, 5037, 29899, 29909, 4201, 5302, 29889, 739, 338, 515, 1244, 393, 24763, 16003, 3448, 670, 3022, 431, 457, 379, 28641, 322, 902, 1487, 306, 845, 655, 295, 29892, 1058, 338, 2731, 1312, 304, 4953, 278, 4783, 310, 278, 10387, 1236, 459, 793, 29892, 322, 278, 363, 1389, 1624, 310, 12929, 2795, 29892, 1550, 6630, 267, 322, 13825, 1716, 5153, 2760, 515, 278, 1196, 310, 670, 4203, 29899, 6729, 721, 28156, 29889, 13, 1576, 3190, 3660, 5996, 10757, 3697, 4760, 362, 1250, 304, 472, 3203, 29871, 29946, 29900, 29900, 29900, 2440, 1434, 2819, 29892, 964, 278, 18449, 5046, 29892, 385, 15899, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29900, 29900, 2440, 1434, 24763, 29889, 7579, 304, 278, 18472, 3973, 21958, 29892, 445, 338, 278, 14841, 3242, 4272, 3604, 793, 491, 278, 11996, 3246, 29889, 13, 23002, 713, 23757, 17324, 18971, 297, 278, 17733, 3172, 13, 1576, 10637, 23757, 17324, 505, 278, 23937, 29891, 310, 624, 29889, 6182, 3561, 29881, 10066, 373, 278, 8040, 310, 7137, 3145, 29892, 3704, 278, 11840, 310, 278, 323, 3424, 29879, 310, 278, 1019, 561, 1691, 322, 313, 650, 3268, 310, 29897, 278, 4071, 16461, 310, 402, 621, 12846, 1662, 29892, 925, 701, 278, 17306, 515, 278, 5845, 29883, 550, 472, 278, 6291, 310, 2178, 18269, 322, 278, 19906, 310, 402, 621, 12846, 1662, 29889, 13, 29911, 29879, 279, 9428, 4786, 16692, 278, 2982, 1244, 297, 278, 5683, 17081, 2650, 9097, 6462, 29892, 322, 750, 278, 6586, 11888, 29878, 630, 297, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29947, 29947, 297, 3370, 310, 670, 313, 29954, 3504, 29897, 5637, 29892, 2812, 2139, 6217, 13878, 10139, 1056, 29889, 450, 19089, 279, 2665, 670, 8099, 29892, 6265, 13484, 6667, 10096, 13878, 10139, 436, 322, 670, 6532, 6265, 23568, 404, 1260, 29920, 9394, 17972, 272, 586, 1056, 408, 278, 6221, 16000, 362, 304, 278, 11888, 29878, 362, 29889, 450, 6265, 23568, 404, 471, 577, 4586, 411, 278, 2058, 393, 29892, 1156, 902, 10216, 29915, 29879, 20105, 3381, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29900, 29945, 29892, 1183, 11091, 278, 1601, 6288, 7881, 310, 1085, 15457, 322, 6182, 297, 25820, 29889, 7133, 278, 14595, 29892, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29896, 29947, 29892, 1183, 322, 902, 3038, 25046, 29892, 28088, 18506, 29892, 892, 4586, 322, 12005, 964, 263, 7903, 29899, 845, 2051, 2978, 319, 6984, 388, 5750, 808, 297, 278, 8918, 1338, 29889, 11275, 17873, 892, 24776, 322, 10201, 6296, 304, 1791, 1244, 472, 278, 6291, 310, 6182, 3561, 29881, 10066, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29906, 29896, 29889, 2688, 892, 8052, 14436, 29891, 2288, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29896, 29889, 13, 1576, 1601, 6288, 7881, 1244, 8152, 267, 967, 1677, 1144, 304, 1023, 3218, 506, 273, 29436, 1058, 4687, 278, 7881, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29941, 29889, 2180, 1048, 278, 1021, 931, 29892, 278, 3737, 945, 352, 681, 9849, 310, 278, 9167, 6182, 376, 29950, 397, 335, 277, 2849, 29908, 313, 1552, 853, 8399, 593, 24715, 29897, 11977, 472, 278, 6586, 29889, 7634, 3517, 25387, 1486, 310, 28788, 306, 18849, 310, 9388, 19930, 29892, 540, 338, 1497, 304, 505, 12561, 29873, 2211, 3064, 393, 278, 350, 2222, 287, 9167, 7470, 304, 1075, 29892, 20520, 1075, 304, 2367, 278, 9849, 304, 278, 2562, 310, 278, 13896, 404, 6217, 297, 22053, 457, 29889, 13, 29949, 332, 1998, 1169, 1244, 5134, 263, 1871, 1230, 6282, 491, 263, 5176, 8099, 1058, 471, 14040, 363, 278, 17838, 3699, 322, 278, 26630, 11840, 29889, 450, 937, 310, 607, 756, 1063, 2998, 1951, 278, 27690, 3785, 278, 323, 3424, 29879, 310, 278, 1019, 561, 1691, 379, 16170, 1794, 29892, 29103, 4568, 29882, 29892, 322, 3792, 26213, 313, 29881 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.095729	0.675492	2.217438	1.010384
. circa 500 BC). Archaeological research dates the tombs to the first and early second century AD, however. There is evidence of both Jewish and Judeo-Christian burial at the site, and it is in the middle of the massive Jewish cemetery on the Mount of Olives. Both the Franciscans and the Russians have caves believed to be the grotto where the apostles rested as Jesus prayed during his final hours in the Garden before Judas' betrayal. The Franciscan site is within the cave complex of Mary's tomb, north of the Garden. The Russian site is uphill, to the east of the Garden. In this, the former was probably an olive press, and the later might make a likelier candidate. Our visit concluded with vespers sung by the nuns, beautifully 'interrupted' near the end by the call of the muezzin across the valley, where the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque were clearly visible form the steps of the church. We also were afforded a quick visit to the Benedictine Monastery of the Mount of Olives – with a sister of the Monastery of Bose as porter – where one of the sisters has written several icons. As we were approaching the weekend of the feast of Our Lady of Palestine, that image is included here: Ecumenical "Crusaders" and the other, other Notre Dame October 16, 2015 6:00 pm / Leave a comment In the weeks following, I attended two ecumenical evenings, of quite different character. The first was with an informal network that has been meeting for decades, the Jerusalem Ecumenical Friends Network (or some variation thereof). Moderated by a kindly White Father (Missionaries of Africa), about 25 of us gathered in the Austrian Hospice (founded 1863) including representatives of the Anglican, Armenian Apostolic, Baptist, Greek Orthodox, Lutheran, and Catholics of Latin, Melkite, and Maronite churches. Focolare and Chemin Neuf were both present. Others are often represented, often including Churches with little or no official dialogue. A pleasant evening and a great way to connect with some of the local ecumenists. From Tantur, the rector, librarian, and myself were present. Simpler in nature, this was the real ecumenists' meeting; the second was more grand, though a little less on-topic for Christian Unity. The opportunity no less appreciated for that, however. A few days after returning from meetings in D.C. and at [the University of] Notre Dame, I was privileged again to join an ecumenical group for an evening affair. This time, we started with liturgy at the chapel of the Sisters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul, followed by a reception and dinner at Notre Dame Centre of Jerusalem, just north of the Damascus Gate. (No affiliation of the former with the latter, to my knowledge, but someone recently told me that the bar serves glasses with the monogram ND on it. Will have to go investigate.) Having been to the Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris on my way to the University of Notre Dame, this makes the third Notre Dame I had been to in little more than a week's time. The installation liturgy was accompanied by an impressive Polish choir and included clergy representatives from the Latin and Melkite Catholics, the Armenian Apostolic Church, the Greek Orthodox, the Coptic and Syriac Oriental Orthodox, Anglican, Lutheran, and the United Protestant Church of France. Arab Catholic scouts were present as servers and standard bearers. In a bit of interesting trivia, I only just discovered that the Centre is actually a Territorial Prelature, giving it quasi-diocesan status, distinct from the Latin Patriarchate, with the Apostolic Delegate as Ordinary. Originally built as a pilgrim house for the French by the Assumptionists in 1904, the Yom Kippur War left it in a state of disrepair. It was given over the Holy See in 1972, and Pope John Paul II established it as a territorial prelature barely two months into his papacy. In late November 2004, just four months before his death, a motu proprio was issued giving control of the Centre to the scandalously problematic Legion of Christ. Given the pope	[ 29889, 15923, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29900, 17403, 467, 2595, 3660, 5996, 5925, 10116, 278, 20450, 29879, 304, 278, 937, 322, 4688, 1473, 6462, 11033, 29892, 3138, 29889, 1670, 338, 10757, 310, 1716, 16728, 322, 435, 1151, 29877, 29899, 18687, 713, 6866, 616, 472, 278, 3268, 29892, 322, 372, 338, 297, 278, 7256, 310, 278, 20364, 16728, 274, 22875, 373, 278, 8040, 310, 7137, 3145, 29889, 13, 29933, 720, 278, 5845, 29883, 550, 322, 278, 11688, 1039, 550, 505, 274, 5989, 13112, 304, 367, 278, 4071, 16461, 988, 278, 18115, 793, 1791, 287, 408, 13825, 12475, 287, 2645, 670, 2186, 6199, 297, 278, 19906, 1434, 8660, 294, 29915, 1010, 764, 284, 29889, 450, 5845, 3068, 3268, 338, 2629, 278, 24230, 4280, 310, 6182, 29915, 29879, 20450, 29892, 6641, 310, 278, 19906, 29889, 450, 10637, 3268, 338, 318, 561, 453, 29892, 304, 278, 9755, 310, 278, 19906, 29889, 512, 445, 29892, 278, 4642, 471, 3117, 385, 288, 9258, 3965, 29892, 322, 278, 2678, 1795, 1207, 263, 4188, 295, 631, 14020, 29889, 8680, 6493, 22834, 411, 28999, 6774, 269, 686, 491, 278, 302, 6948, 29892, 9560, 368, 525, 1639, 14214, 29915, 2978, 278, 1095, 491, 278, 1246, 310, 278, 286, 434, 5617, 262, 4822, 278, 19599, 29892, 988, 278, 360, 608, 310, 278, 8027, 322, 838, 29899, 29909, 29939, 4977, 6630, 802, 892, 9436, 7962, 883, 278, 6576, 310, 278, 6586, 29889, 13, 4806, 884, 892, 21750, 287, 263, 4996, 6493, 304, 278, 20265, 919, 457, 2598, 1901, 29891, 310, 278, 8040, 310, 7137, 3145, 785, 411, 263, 9883, 310, 278, 2598, 1901, 29891, 310, 350, 852, 408, 1277, 357, 785, 988, 697, 310, 278, 9883, 29879, 756, 3971, 3196, 27673, 29889, 1094, 591, 892, 28702, 278, 4723, 355, 310, 278, 1238, 579, 310, 8680, 10040, 310, 22053, 457, 29892, 393, 1967, 338, 5134, 1244, 29901, 13, 29923, 29883, 14170, 936, 376, 29907, 15816, 24574, 29908, 322, 278, 916, 29892, 916, 24337, 360, 420, 13, 25375, 4950, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29871, 29953, 29901, 29900, 29900, 26354, 847, 951, 1351, 263, 3440, 13, 797, 278, 11405, 1494, 29892, 306, 14283, 1023, 21226, 14170, 936, 1584, 886, 29892, 310, 3755, 1422, 2931, 29889, 13, 1576, 937, 471, 411, 385, 1871, 284, 3564, 393, 756, 1063, 11781, 363, 1602, 3076, 29892, 278, 23204, 382, 29883, 14170, 936, 11169, 1975, 8527, 313, 272, 777, 19262, 727, 974, 467, 3382, 261, 630, 491, 263, 25036, 8037, 17852, 313, 29924, 2333, 4314, 310, 10557, 511, 1048, 29871, 29906, 29945, 310, 502, 22229, 297, 278, 3330, 6392, 379, 4705, 625, 313, 29888, 7261, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29953, 29941, 29897, 3704, 2755, 5056, 310, 278, 3218, 506, 273, 29892, 19549, 713, 22468, 324, 293, 29892, 23759, 391, 29892, 12311, 23757, 17324, 29892, 24760, 273, 29892, 322, 315, 6347, 1199, 310, 13548, 29892, 6286, 29895, 568, 29892, 322, 1085, 265, 568, 26014, 29889, 383, 542, 13517, 322, 12677, 262, 2448, 1137, 892, 1716, 2198, 29889, 438, 3341, 526, 4049, 9875, 29892, 4049, 3704, 6291, 267, 411, 2217, 470, 694, 6221, 7928, 434, 29889, 319, 21246, 11005, 322, 263, 2107, 982, 304, 4511, 411, 777, 310, 278, 1887, 21226, 14170, 2879, 29889, 3645, 323, 424, 332, 29892, 278, 337, 2801, 29892, 619, 1182, 13956, 29892, 322, 6142, 892, 2198, 29889, 3439, 20069, 297, 5469, 29892, 445, 471, 278, 1855, 21226, 14170, 2879, 29915, 11781, 29936, 278, 1473, 471, 901, 4595, 29892, 2466, 263, 2217, 3109, 373, 29899, 13010, 363, 6111, 20872, 29889, 450, 15130, 694, 3109, 7556, 363, 393, 29892, 3138, 29889, 13, 29909, 2846, 3841, 1156, 7863, 515, 5870, 886, 297, 360, 29889, 29907, 29889, 322, 472, 518, 1552, 3014, 310, 29962, 24337, 360, 420, 29892, 306, 471, 14828, 3192, 1449, 304, 5988, 385, 21226, 14170, 936, 2318, 363, 385, 11005, 26195, 29889, 910, 931, 29892, 591, 4687, 411, 11872, 332, 1927, 472, 278, 10708, 295, 310, 278, 28088, 29879, 310, 2896, 537, 310, 624, 29889, 19748, 316, 3739, 29892, 5643, 491, 263, 25647, 322, 17803, 472, 24337, 360, 420, 11319, 310, 23204, 29892, 925, 6641, 310, 278, 9865, 6151, 375, 22510, 29889, 313, 3782, 23736, 362, 310, 278, 4642, 411, 278, 7480, 29892, 304, 590, 7134, 29892, 541, 4856, 10325, 5429, 592, 393, 278, 2594, 19700, 12917, 267, 411, 278, 1601, 13342, 405, 29928, 373, 372, 29889, 2811, 505, 304, 748, 23033, 1846, 13, 29950, 5555, 1063, 304, 278, 315, 21471, 310, 24337, 360, 420, 297, 3681, 373, 590, 982, 304, 278, 3014, 310, 24337, 360, 420, 29892, 445, 3732, 278, 4654, 24337, 360, 420, 306, 750, 1063, 304, 297, 2217, 901, 1135, 263, 4723, 29915, 29879, 931, 29889, 13, 1576, 11161, 11872, 332, 1927, 471, 21302, 491, 385, 21210, 573, 19919, 3060, 381, 322, 5134, 28238, 1927, 2755, 5056, 515, 278, 13548, 322, 6286, 29895, 568, 315, 6347, 1199, 29892, 278, 19549, 713, 22468, 324, 293, 6291, 29892, 278, 12311, 23757, 17324, 29892, 278, 3189, 23000, 322, 8713, 374, 562, 29702, 23757, 17324, 29892, 3218, 506, 273, 29892, 24760, 273, 29892, 322, 278, 3303, 21723, 424, 6291, 310, 3444, 29889, 10387, 11865, 885, 17718, 892, 2198, 408, 12424, 322, 3918, 11460, 414, 29889, 13, 797, 263, 2586, 310, 8031, 260, 1150, 423, 29892, 306, 871, 925, 10943, 393, 278, 11319, 338, 2869, 263, 19833, 9020, 349, 2674, 1535, 29892, 6820, 372, 16452, 29899, 6051, 542, 267, 273, 4660, 29892, 8359, 515, 278, 13548, 23168, 1279, 403, 29892, 411, 278, 22468, 324, 293, 897, 6045, 408, 16557, 3821, 29889, 22118, 635, 4240, 408, 263, 8230, 629, 326, 3699, 363, 278, 5176, 491, 278, 4007, 28069, 2879, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29900, 29946, 29892, 278, 612, 290, 476, 8377, 332, 3362, 2175, 372, 297, 263, 2106, 310, 766, 3445, 1466, 29889, 739, 471, 2183, 975, 278, 17733, 2823, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29906, 29892, 322, 20635, 2259, 3739, 1944, 7841, 372, 408, 263, 29740, 758, 29880, 1535, 16079, 368, 1023, 7378, 964, 670, 3500, 4135, 29889, 512, 5683, 3979, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29946, 29892, 925, 3023, 7378, 1434, 670, 4892, 29892, 263, 3184, 29884, 22278, 471, 16610, 6820, 2761, 310, 278, 11319, 304, 278, 885, 24258, 5794, 1108, 2454, 5682, 291, 310, 2819, 29889, 11221, 278, 772, 412 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.37287	0.218671	0.972941	0.355178
's known health issues at the time as well as the already well known problems in the Legion, this move was, shall we say, controversial. The occasion this time was an elaborate ceremony and dinner celebrating the installation of a new Grand Master of the Order of St. Lazarus* and the initiation of several new members from around Europe and the Mediterranean, including an Orthodox colleague I have met here. Prior to this event, all I knew of the Order was that they had some connection to, or inspiration from, the crusader-Hospitaller order of the same name, and their intentional ecumenical inclusion of members, and their support of a keynote at the National Workshop in Christian Unity in the U.S. It is this ecumenical inclusion – if not explicit goal of Christian Unity – that makes this Order more appealing to some ecumenists than some of the more widely known charitable Orders – such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, or the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre. (I am coming to think of all of these organizations as elaborate donor recognition societies, or as the Knights of Columbus on steroids. Which is no bad thing, in itself). I was impressed with the conversations I had, with both officers and guests, including delightful dinner conversation with the local Finnish Lutheran pastor and her daughter, though we shared the experience as sort of outsiders – coming from cultures where the medieval concepts of royalty and nobility have been excised. Many of those present were from European countries where these ideas are still very much alive, if in a different form than was the case when monarchs were heads of government as much as heads of state. That lead me into further investigation of the Order and of the crusader orders in general which are, or claim to be, extant today. * Five major military-monastic orders were formed in the Holy Land during the era of the first crusades: Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem (c.1099) Order of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, Rhodes and Malta (Knights Hospitaller) (c. 1099) Poor-Fellow Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon (Knights Templar) (c.1118) Order of the Brothers of the German House of St. Mary in Jerusalem (Teutonic Knights) (1190) Order of St Lazarus of Jerusalem (1123). Some, like the Templars, were disbanded (giving us Friday the Thirteenth as an unlucky day). Others morphed into elaborate charitable organizations, continuing the work of hospitals or support of the Christians in the Holy Land, but abandoning the militaristic aspects after the conquest of Acre in the late thirteenth century. The Order of St. Lazarus survived in this transformed mode, and various attempts were made by popes to merge it with other Orders (Order of Our Lady of Bethlehem, the Order of Malta, the Order of St Maurice) throughout the fifteenth and sixteenth century. At the beginning of the seventeenth, the Order was effectively transferred from papal oversight to the royal house of France. It effectively ceased following the French Revolution, Royal Protection being withdrawn from the Order in 1830. Whether it continued then or in what form is apparently a matter of some dispute among historians of chivalrous orders, nobility, and the like. In 1910, though, the Melkite patriarch and some veterans of the papal army revived the Order as a non-profit charitable association under French law. Its efforts at ecumenical inclusion began in the 1960s, in fidelity to the reforms of the Second Vatican Council and in the interest of expanding into the anglophone world. Ironically, just as the Order embraced these ecumenical values, tensions between anglophone and francophone leadership lead to a schism in 1969 between what became known as the Malta and Paris obediences, respectively. Attempts at reunion only partially succeeded in 1986, when a significant portion of the anglophone members in the Malta obedience joined the Parisian sector, including the U.S. In 2004, a schism within the Paris obedience resulted in an Orleans obedience, under the spiritual patronage of the Archbishop of Prague. Further confusion is caused when, in	[ 29915, 29879, 2998, 9045, 5626, 472, 278, 931, 408, 1532, 408, 278, 2307, 1532, 2998, 4828, 297, 278, 5682, 291, 29892, 445, 4337, 471, 29892, 4091, 591, 1827, 29892, 19341, 616, 29889, 13, 1576, 10039, 445, 931, 471, 385, 19430, 25672, 322, 17803, 10894, 1218, 278, 11161, 310, 263, 716, 6265, 9082, 310, 278, 8170, 310, 624, 29889, 19575, 26465, 29930, 322, 278, 2069, 11685, 310, 3196, 716, 5144, 515, 2820, 4092, 322, 278, 25620, 10800, 273, 29892, 3704, 385, 23757, 17324, 23056, 3437, 306, 505, 1539, 1244, 29889, 13, 29925, 13479, 304, 445, 1741, 29892, 599, 306, 6363, 310, 278, 8170, 471, 393, 896, 750, 777, 3957, 304, 29892, 470, 8681, 12232, 515, 29892, 278, 2181, 375, 1664, 29899, 29950, 4705, 277, 12572, 1797, 310, 278, 1021, 1024, 29892, 322, 1009, 7609, 1848, 21226, 14170, 936, 28694, 310, 5144, 29892, 322, 1009, 2304, 310, 263, 1589, 948, 866, 472, 278, 3086, 5244, 19032, 297, 6111, 20872, 297, 278, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 739, 338, 445, 21226, 14170, 936, 28694, 785, 565, 451, 6261, 7306, 310, 6111, 20872, 785, 393, 3732, 445, 8170, 901, 5929, 12818, 304, 777, 21226, 14170, 2879, 1135, 777, 310, 278, 901, 17644, 2998, 1373, 8270, 1394, 8623, 785, 1316, 408, 278, 317, 957, 7577, 20080, 8170, 310, 3792, 941, 29892, 470, 278, 382, 1119, 6392, 8170, 310, 278, 17733, 29639, 352, 305, 276, 29889, 313, 29902, 626, 6421, 304, 1348, 310, 599, 310, 1438, 25700, 408, 19430, 1016, 272, 19679, 5374, 20850, 29892, 470, 408, 278, 8360, 5861, 310, 11990, 375, 373, 16864, 3398, 29879, 29889, 8449, 338, 694, 4319, 2655, 29892, 297, 3528, 467, 13, 29902, 471, 527, 13120, 411, 278, 9678, 800, 306, 750, 29892, 411, 1716, 13049, 322, 28865, 29892, 3704, 15319, 1319, 17803, 14983, 411, 278, 1887, 21189, 728, 24760, 273, 4940, 272, 322, 902, 8750, 29892, 2466, 591, 7258, 278, 7271, 408, 2656, 310, 714, 29879, 11376, 785, 6421, 515, 4185, 1973, 988, 278, 27690, 22001, 310, 15150, 1017, 322, 22182, 1793, 505, 1063, 5566, 3368, 29889, 9267, 310, 1906, 2198, 892, 515, 7824, 10916, 988, 1438, 7014, 526, 1603, 1407, 1568, 18758, 29892, 565, 297, 263, 1422, 883, 1135, 471, 278, 1206, 746, 25552, 29879, 892, 15883, 310, 5874, 408, 1568, 408, 15883, 310, 2106, 29889, 2193, 3275, 592, 964, 4340, 22522, 310, 278, 8170, 322, 310, 278, 2181, 375, 1664, 11299, 297, 2498, 607, 526, 29892, 470, 5995, 304, 367, 29892, 1294, 424, 9826, 29889, 13, 29930, 22853, 4655, 9121, 29899, 3712, 6288, 11299, 892, 8429, 297, 278, 17733, 3172, 2645, 278, 3152, 310, 278, 937, 2181, 375, 3076, 29901, 13, 29923, 1119, 6392, 8170, 310, 278, 17733, 29639, 352, 305, 276, 310, 23204, 313, 29883, 29889, 29896, 29900, 29929, 29929, 29897, 13, 7514, 310, 278, 8360, 5861, 310, 624, 29889, 2259, 310, 23204, 29892, 7861, 2631, 322, 3792, 941, 313, 29968, 29876, 5861, 379, 4705, 277, 12572, 29897, 313, 29883, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29929, 29929, 29897, 13, 9837, 272, 29899, 29943, 4743, 19019, 4285, 310, 2819, 322, 310, 278, 18057, 310, 4956, 18192, 313, 29968, 29876, 5861, 6789, 572, 279, 29897, 313, 29883, 29889, 29896, 29896, 29896, 29947, 29897, 13, 7514, 310, 278, 25522, 310, 278, 5332, 5619, 310, 624, 29889, 6182, 297, 23204, 313, 7141, 329, 8927, 8360, 5861, 29897, 313, 29896, 29896, 29929, 29900, 29897, 13, 7514, 310, 624, 19575, 26465, 310, 23204, 313, 29896, 29896, 29906, 29941, 467, 13, 9526, 29892, 763, 278, 6789, 572, 1503, 29892, 892, 766, 4980, 287, 313, 29887, 4357, 502, 28728, 278, 498, 381, 19839, 408, 385, 443, 29880, 14395, 2462, 467, 438, 3341, 18131, 287, 964, 19430, 1373, 8270, 25700, 29892, 3133, 292, 278, 664, 310, 29418, 277, 1338, 470, 2304, 310, 278, 27353, 297, 278, 17733, 3172, 29892, 541, 11807, 292, 278, 15222, 4695, 21420, 1156, 278, 378, 1119, 310, 319, 1037, 297, 278, 5683, 266, 381, 19839, 6462, 29889, 450, 8170, 310, 624, 29889, 19575, 26465, 10503, 2347, 297, 445, 27615, 4464, 29892, 322, 5164, 14734, 892, 1754, 491, 1835, 267, 304, 10366, 372, 411, 916, 1394, 8623, 313, 7514, 310, 8680, 10040, 310, 23408, 280, 8008, 29892, 278, 8170, 310, 3792, 941, 29892, 278, 8170, 310, 624, 18938, 29897, 10106, 278, 8461, 19839, 322, 4832, 19839, 6462, 29889, 2180, 278, 6763, 310, 278, 16741, 29872, 9097, 29892, 278, 8170, 471, 17583, 18440, 515, 3500, 284, 288, 874, 523, 304, 278, 15150, 3699, 310, 3444, 29889, 739, 17583, 24886, 1494, 278, 5176, 14595, 29892, 7021, 14409, 428, 1641, 411, 19811, 1233, 515, 278, 8170, 297, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29941, 29900, 29889, 13, 8809, 1979, 372, 7572, 769, 470, 297, 825, 883, 338, 13229, 263, 4383, 310, 777, 28447, 4249, 3603, 5834, 310, 521, 2561, 29878, 681, 11299, 29892, 22182, 1793, 29892, 322, 278, 763, 29889, 13, 797, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29896, 29900, 29892, 2466, 29892, 278, 6286, 29895, 568, 16967, 1279, 322, 777, 25808, 550, 310, 278, 3500, 284, 9987, 6664, 2347, 278, 8170, 408, 263, 1661, 29899, 771, 9202, 1373, 8270, 15477, 1090, 5176, 4307, 29889, 8011, 14231, 472, 21226, 14170, 936, 28694, 4689, 297, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29900, 29879, 29892, 297, 285, 10652, 537, 304, 278, 337, 9514, 310, 278, 6440, 478, 271, 2185, 8831, 322, 297, 278, 4066, 310, 7985, 292, 964, 278, 2614, 417, 6710, 3186, 29889, 13, 29902, 1617, 1711, 29892, 925, 408, 278, 8170, 7232, 945, 287, 1438, 21226, 14170, 936, 1819, 29892, 260, 5580, 1546, 2614, 417, 6710, 322, 11020, 3021, 650, 26001, 3275, 304, 263, 1364, 1608, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29929, 1546, 825, 3897, 2998, 408, 278, 3792, 941, 322, 3681, 704, 287, 819, 778, 29892, 8307, 29889, 6212, 3456, 29879, 472, 337, 13094, 871, 22039, 14792, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29953, 29892, 746, 263, 7282, 11910, 310, 278, 2614, 417, 6710, 5144, 297, 278, 3792, 941, 704, 287, 5597, 8772, 278, 3681, 713, 17535, 29892, 3704, 278, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 512, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29946, 29892, 263, 1364, 1608, 2629, 278, 3681, 704, 287, 5597, 20601, 297, 385, 26884, 704, 287, 5597, 29892, 1090, 278, 20954, 18259, 482, 310, 278, 2595, 28693, 310, 19825, 434, 29889, 8725, 14679, 338, 8581, 746, 29892, 297 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.859345	0.893519	1.335172	0.357707
2010, some of the original leadership of the Orleans obedience broke away and formed St. Lazare International, based in Jerusalem. Happily, in 2008, the majority memberships present in the Paris and Malta obediences reunited, leaving three main branches of the Order (indicated with their respective spiritual protectors): Order of St. Lazarus – Malta-Paris – Melkite Patriarch Gregory III Laham Order of St. Lazarus – Orleans – Archbishop Dominik Duka, OP, of Prague Order of St. Lazarus – Jerusalem – Bishop Richard Gerard, emeritus Representative of the Archbishop of Canterbury to the Holy See. There is also an Italian 'branch' that seems to have little to do with the rest: Ordine San Lazzaro – "Bishop" Giovanni Ferrando (who appears nowhere in the Italian hierarchy list and whose supposed address is the local renaissance castle…) If you are interested, more extensive history of the order is provided here by the order itself, and here by a skeptical researcher. Nevertheless, the charitable work of the Order – mostly hospital and ambulance work – and its ecumenical inclusion are worthy of admiration. All such orders could, perhaps, divest themselves a bit of concerns over nobility and dynastic ties and promote based on merit alone. That being said in principle, my impression of Prince Sixte-Henri and his officers was positive, setting the standard for what one supposes nobility is supposed to represent in the first place. September 28, 2015 6:00 pm / Leave a comment A month into my fellowship at Tantur, and though time is flying, it has proved to be just what I needed – an escape from the work and distractions of Rome. Not that the last three weeks have been without concerns, as violence has escalated in and around Jerusalem. Thankfully, Tantur is safely removed from the areas of tension, and spending the day in the library and at my desk is easy to do. There have been some exceptions worth sharing, however. I arrived in the middle of the High Holy Days, between Rosh Hashanah (Jewish New Year) and Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement), the latter of which coincided this year with the beginning of Eid Al-Adha (Feast of Sacrifice/Time of the Hajj). Tantur is at the southern end of Jerusalem, about 8km from the Old City, and just under a kilometer north of the checkpoint into Bethlehem. (It is another 3.5km to the Church of the Nativity). On Yom Kippur a group of us walked into the old city, stopping at St. Clare Monastery on the way. The Poor Clares here arrived from France in 1884. A glimpse into their life can be found online here. On arrival in the Old City we went first to vespers with the German Benedictine monks at the Abbey of the Dormition, on Mount Zion, just next to the Tomb of King David and the Cenacle (the Upper Room of the Last Supper). Through the construction of the abbey took place from 1900-1910, with the first monks arriving in 1906, the history of the community starts with the 19th century immigration of Germans into Jerusalem, culminating in the 1898 visit of Kaiser Wilhelm II. During his tour, the Kaiser dedicated the Lutheran Church of the Redeemer in the Old City and donated the land for the Abbey to the German Association for the Holy Land. After vespers we wend our way down to the Kotel (the Western Wall), just in time to get settled before the shofar (ceremonial ram's horn) sounded, marking the end of the day of fasting and the beginning of a celebration. This was one of the most moving spiritual experiences, watching the joy and celebration. I had not arrived in the Holy Land expecting this to be on my to do list, but now I can cross off something that belongs up there with Midnight Mass at St. Peter's, as far as lifetime religious experiences go. It has made me realize that any "bucket list" i might keep for myself begins with unique spiritual religious places/times. Appropriate, then, that my time here begins with Yom Kippur at the Wall and will end after Christmas in Bethlehem. Quickly added to the list was the opportunity to celebrate	[ 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29892, 777, 310, 278, 2441, 26001, 310, 278, 26884, 704, 287, 5597, 14455, 3448, 322, 8429, 624, 29889, 19575, 598, 4623, 29892, 2729, 297, 23204, 29889, 379, 932, 2354, 29892, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29947, 29892, 278, 13638, 5144, 14587, 2198, 297, 278, 3681, 322, 3792, 941, 704, 287, 819, 778, 23038, 1573, 29892, 10124, 2211, 1667, 14202, 310, 278, 8170, 313, 513, 293, 630, 411, 1009, 18067, 20954, 12566, 943, 1125, 13, 7514, 310, 624, 29889, 19575, 26465, 785, 3792, 941, 29899, 2177, 275, 785, 6286, 29895, 568, 23168, 1279, 29094, 4786, 365, 801, 314, 13, 7514, 310, 624, 29889, 19575, 26465, 785, 26884, 785, 2595, 28693, 13298, 638, 5334, 1335, 29892, 6418, 29892, 310, 19825, 434, 13, 7514, 310, 624, 29889, 19575, 26465, 785, 23204, 785, 16880, 6123, 5681, 538, 29892, 11176, 277, 375, 16314, 1230, 310, 278, 2595, 28693, 310, 1815, 357, 11059, 304, 278, 17733, 2823, 29889, 13, 8439, 338, 884, 385, 10545, 525, 17519, 29915, 393, 2444, 304, 505, 2217, 304, 437, 411, 278, 1791, 29901, 13, 23302, 457, 3087, 365, 7511, 8854, 785, 376, 29933, 9835, 29908, 12874, 16541, 1743, 313, 15970, 5692, 1286, 4150, 297, 278, 10545, 21277, 1051, 322, 5069, 7424, 3211, 338, 278, 1887, 364, 2386, 9948, 20610, 30098, 29897, 13, 3644, 366, 526, 8852, 29892, 901, 20607, 4955, 310, 278, 1797, 338, 4944, 1244, 491, 278, 1797, 3528, 29892, 322, 1244, 491, 263, 18109, 415, 936, 5925, 261, 29889, 13, 29940, 1310, 16561, 29892, 278, 1373, 8270, 664, 310, 278, 8170, 785, 11149, 13457, 322, 3181, 352, 749, 664, 785, 322, 967, 21226, 14170, 936, 28694, 526, 24717, 310, 7336, 12232, 29889, 2178, 1316, 11299, 1033, 29892, 6060, 29892, 1933, 342, 6053, 263, 2586, 310, 21838, 975, 22182, 1793, 322, 270, 948, 6288, 260, 583, 322, 27391, 2729, 373, 2778, 277, 7432, 29889, 2193, 1641, 1497, 297, 12502, 29892, 590, 17188, 310, 10787, 18372, 371, 29899, 24030, 374, 322, 670, 13049, 471, 6374, 29892, 4444, 278, 3918, 363, 825, 697, 1462, 15806, 22182, 1793, 338, 7424, 304, 2755, 297, 278, 937, 2058, 29889, 13, 2008, 3266, 29871, 29906, 29947, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29871, 29953, 29901, 29900, 29900, 26354, 847, 951, 1351, 263, 3440, 13, 29909, 4098, 964, 590, 10404, 3527, 472, 323, 424, 332, 29892, 322, 2466, 931, 338, 22764, 29892, 372, 756, 11827, 304, 367, 925, 825, 306, 4312, 785, 385, 10169, 515, 278, 664, 322, 1320, 336, 1953, 310, 9184, 29889, 2216, 393, 278, 1833, 2211, 11405, 505, 1063, 1728, 21838, 29892, 408, 21448, 756, 831, 1052, 630, 297, 322, 2820, 23204, 29889, 3374, 3730, 29892, 323, 424, 332, 338, 23511, 6206, 515, 278, 10161, 310, 260, 2673, 29892, 322, 805, 2548, 278, 2462, 297, 278, 3489, 322, 472, 590, 553, 29895, 338, 4780, 304, 437, 29889, 1670, 505, 1063, 777, 15283, 7088, 19383, 29892, 3138, 29889, 13, 29902, 11977, 297, 278, 7256, 310, 278, 5057, 17733, 24728, 29892, 1546, 5678, 29882, 11874, 273, 801, 313, 29967, 809, 728, 1570, 8905, 29897, 322, 612, 290, 476, 8377, 332, 313, 12742, 310, 319, 880, 882, 511, 278, 7480, 310, 607, 22819, 2618, 445, 1629, 411, 278, 6763, 310, 382, 333, 838, 29899, 3253, 2350, 313, 8263, 579, 310, 15573, 25193, 29914, 2481, 310, 278, 379, 1175, 29926, 467, 13, 29911, 424, 332, 338, 472, 278, 14841, 1095, 310, 23204, 29892, 1048, 29871, 29947, 8848, 515, 278, 8198, 4412, 29892, 322, 925, 1090, 263, 23836, 6641, 310, 278, 1423, 3149, 964, 23408, 280, 8008, 29889, 313, 3112, 338, 1790, 29871, 29941, 29889, 29945, 8848, 304, 278, 6291, 310, 278, 405, 28157, 467, 13, 2951, 612, 290, 476, 8377, 332, 263, 2318, 310, 502, 17096, 964, 278, 2030, 4272, 29892, 25480, 472, 624, 29889, 6015, 276, 2598, 1901, 29891, 373, 278, 982, 29889, 450, 3929, 272, 2233, 5114, 1244, 11977, 515, 3444, 297, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29947, 29946, 29889, 319, 330, 12552, 344, 964, 1009, 2834, 508, 367, 1476, 7395, 1244, 29889, 13, 2951, 18517, 297, 278, 8198, 4412, 591, 3512, 937, 304, 28999, 6774, 411, 278, 5332, 20265, 919, 457, 1601, 2039, 472, 278, 1976, 22072, 310, 278, 360, 555, 654, 29892, 373, 8040, 796, 291, 29892, 925, 2446, 304, 278, 323, 3424, 310, 4088, 4699, 322, 278, 315, 264, 6436, 313, 1552, 24929, 25114, 310, 278, 9208, 2166, 2496, 467, 17044, 278, 7632, 310, 278, 633, 22072, 3614, 2058, 515, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29900, 29900, 29899, 29896, 29929, 29896, 29900, 29892, 411, 278, 937, 1601, 2039, 6974, 292, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29900, 29953, 29892, 278, 4955, 310, 278, 7881, 8665, 411, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 386, 6462, 5198, 16783, 310, 7287, 550, 964, 23204, 29892, 13949, 1195, 1218, 297, 278, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29929, 29947, 6493, 310, 17123, 10756, 1944, 29889, 7133, 670, 6282, 29892, 278, 17123, 16955, 278, 24760, 273, 6291, 310, 278, 390, 2742, 25154, 297, 278, 8198, 4412, 322, 1016, 630, 278, 2982, 363, 278, 1976, 22072, 304, 278, 5332, 7993, 363, 278, 17733, 3172, 29889, 13, 13555, 28999, 6774, 591, 281, 355, 1749, 982, 1623, 304, 278, 27961, 295, 313, 1552, 10504, 14406, 511, 925, 297, 931, 304, 679, 17141, 1434, 278, 528, 974, 279, 313, 2265, 9857, 616, 13472, 29915, 29879, 25341, 29897, 6047, 287, 29892, 2791, 292, 278, 1095, 310, 278, 2462, 310, 5172, 292, 322, 278, 6763, 310, 263, 10894, 362, 29889, 910, 471, 697, 310, 278, 1556, 8401, 20954, 27482, 29892, 21217, 278, 15331, 322, 10894, 362, 29889, 306, 750, 451, 11977, 297, 278, 17733, 3172, 16120, 445, 304, 367, 373, 590, 304, 437, 1051, 29892, 541, 1286, 306, 508, 4891, 1283, 1554, 393, 14393, 701, 727, 411, 13370, 11147, 7360, 472, 624, 29889, 5310, 29915, 29879, 29892, 408, 2215, 408, 25423, 12962, 27482, 748, 29889, 739, 756, 1754, 592, 16289, 393, 738, 376, 21454, 1051, 29908, 474, 1795, 3013, 363, 6142, 16410, 411, 5412, 20954, 12962, 7600, 29914, 3706, 29889, 2401, 6649, 403, 29892, 769, 29892, 393, 590, 931, 1244, 16410, 411, 612, 290, 476, 8377, 332, 472, 278, 14406, 322, 674, 1095, 1156, 17661, 297, 23408, 280, 8008, 29889, 13, 2182, 860, 368, 2715, 304, 278, 1051, 471, 278, 15130, 304, 10894, 403 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.310377	0.255009	0.702165	0.286874
Sukkot – the Festival of Booths, or Tabernacles – with a friend from Hebrew University. A rooftop Sukkah and a cozy company of guests from both Israel and the U.S. made for a real welcome to this place. I imagine the cultural equivalent to be Thanksgiving – you know you have been welcomed as friend and family when you have this gift! Three Months at Tantur, Jerusalem September 23, 2015 7:55 am / Leave a comment The Ottoman-era gate at Tantur Summer has come and gone, and I find myself checking off something that has been on my "Bucket List" for nearly two decades: Living and research at Notre Dame's Tantur Ecumenical Institute in Jerusalem. I arrived in the Jerusalem late Sunday night, after what felt like a week in transit via Seattle, Vancouver, Minneapolis, Amsterdam and Rome. My first thought, as the Nesher shuttle drove under Montefiore Windmill, is that time flies and I can hardly believe it has already been 5 years since my first visit to the Holy Land. That was a 9-day seminar with the Russell Berrie Fellowship, at the Shalom Hartman Institute. Today, I embark on a 3-month dissertation writing fellowship at Tantur. It has taken three years of working multiple part time jobs (university teaching, research assistant, study abroad residence manager, spiritual advisor, international program staff) to get to the point I could take a few months 'off' and actually work full time on my dissertation. I am looking forward to it, but I confess it takes a couple days to adjust to having so much time to work on the one thing I never seem to have time for! Thankfully, Tantur has a library of about 60,000-70,000 volumes on hand, with emphasis on ecumenism and patristics. [By comparison, the Centro Pro Unione in Rome has about 24,000; the World Council of Churches library at Bossey has about 100,000.] The library resources suffered some during the Second Intifada (c2000-2005), and is in the midst of updating its collection – a project I have been asked to help with while I am here, as part of my Fellowship. The roots of the institute go back to the Second Vatican Council and encounters between Paul VI and ecumenical observers, who dreamed of an international theological institute for ecumenical research and life. The famous 1964 meeting of Paul VI and Athenagoras in Jerusalem on the Mount of Olives sparked the notion that this would be the obvious place for such an institute to be established. Before long, Paul VI entrusted the vision to none other than Notre Dame's president, Rev. Theodore Hesburgh, CSC. As he looked around Jerusalem, he seemed to find the perfect spot. Tantur is located on 36 acres of hilltop olive trees, vineyards, and pine. Overlooking Bethlehem, Gilo, and Bayt Jala, a short drive south of Jerusalem and with the mountains of Jordan visible on a clear day, the location has been understandably described as "strategic". Prior to the 1967 Six Day War, this was Jordanian territory, and is 'east' of the Green Line but west of the border fence surrounding Bethlehem. The property itself belonged to the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, at least since 1869, when it was administered by the Habsburg Austro-Hungarian Empire's branch of the SMOM. During the Ottoman era, they operated a hospital on this site. Apparently, though, there are ties to this land with the order dating back to their first arrival here – in 1099, with the first crusade. Fr. Hesburgh convinced Paul VI to purchase the property from the Order in 1966, for $300,000, just a few months shy of the Six Day War. The initial cost of building the center was estimated at $1 million, for which Fr. Ted looked to the generosity of I. A. O'Shaughnessy (known on campus for having donated the funds for the Arts and Letters College). Notre Dame leased the property from the Vatican in 1967, but building had to wait during the conflict,	[ 2166, 6859, 327, 785, 278, 8518, 310, 1952, 720, 29879, 29892, 470, 11090, 824, 23435, 785, 411, 263, 5121, 515, 18472, 3973, 3014, 29889, 319, 696, 29877, 615, 459, 2166, 6859, 801, 322, 263, 1302, 1537, 5001, 310, 28865, 515, 1716, 11996, 322, 278, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 1754, 363, 263, 1855, 12853, 304, 445, 2058, 29889, 306, 14034, 278, 16375, 7126, 304, 367, 1834, 29887, 4357, 785, 366, 1073, 366, 505, 1063, 5476, 510, 287, 408, 5121, 322, 3942, 746, 366, 505, 445, 19797, 29991, 13, 28575, 23471, 29879, 472, 323, 424, 332, 29892, 23204, 13, 2008, 3266, 29871, 29906, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29871, 29955, 29901, 29945, 29945, 626, 847, 951, 1351, 263, 3440, 13, 1576, 13476, 2480, 29899, 1572, 12417, 472, 323, 424, 332, 13, 11139, 1050, 756, 2041, 322, 7695, 29892, 322, 306, 1284, 6142, 8454, 1283, 1554, 393, 756, 1063, 373, 590, 376, 29933, 2707, 300, 2391, 29908, 363, 8886, 1023, 1602, 3076, 29901, 26176, 322, 5925, 472, 24337, 360, 420, 29915, 29879, 323, 424, 332, 382, 29883, 14170, 936, 8907, 297, 23204, 29889, 13, 29902, 11977, 297, 278, 23204, 5683, 16340, 4646, 29892, 1156, 825, 7091, 763, 263, 4723, 297, 1301, 277, 3025, 27689, 29892, 478, 29711, 29892, 3080, 484, 25332, 29892, 17399, 322, 9184, 29889, 1619, 937, 2714, 29892, 408, 278, 405, 267, 2276, 528, 4774, 280, 26603, 1090, 11240, 7241, 487, 17311, 19958, 29892, 338, 393, 931, 285, 3687, 322, 306, 508, 15155, 4658, 372, 756, 2307, 1063, 29871, 29945, 2440, 1951, 590, 937, 6493, 304, 278, 17733, 3172, 29889, 2193, 471, 263, 29871, 29929, 29899, 3250, 3031, 18220, 411, 278, 20679, 2292, 2546, 25940, 3527, 29892, 472, 278, 1383, 17419, 12321, 1171, 8907, 29889, 13, 29911, 397, 388, 29892, 306, 7232, 935, 373, 263, 29871, 29941, 29899, 10874, 766, 1940, 362, 5007, 10404, 3527, 472, 323, 424, 332, 29889, 739, 756, 4586, 2211, 2440, 310, 1985, 2999, 760, 931, 17643, 313, 14540, 537, 18819, 29892, 5925, 20255, 29892, 6559, 28177, 25488, 8455, 29892, 20954, 594, 19188, 29892, 6121, 1824, 13925, 29897, 304, 679, 304, 278, 1298, 306, 1033, 2125, 263, 2846, 7378, 525, 2696, 29915, 322, 2869, 664, 2989, 931, 373, 590, 766, 1940, 362, 29889, 306, 626, 3063, 6375, 304, 372, 29892, 541, 306, 1970, 404, 372, 4893, 263, 7303, 3841, 304, 10365, 304, 2534, 577, 1568, 931, 304, 664, 373, 278, 697, 2655, 306, 2360, 2833, 304, 505, 931, 363, 29991, 13, 25271, 3730, 29892, 323, 424, 332, 756, 263, 3489, 310, 1048, 29871, 29953, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 29899, 29955, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 18167, 373, 1361, 29892, 411, 19310, 275, 373, 21226, 14170, 1608, 322, 2373, 2021, 1199, 29889, 518, 2059, 10230, 29892, 278, 18726, 1019, 853, 1421, 297, 9184, 756, 1048, 29871, 29906, 29946, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 29936, 278, 2787, 8831, 310, 6291, 267, 3489, 472, 10211, 7759, 756, 1048, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 5586, 450, 3489, 7788, 17654, 777, 2645, 278, 6440, 3159, 361, 1114, 313, 29883, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29900, 29899, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29945, 511, 322, 338, 297, 278, 29214, 310, 13271, 967, 4333, 785, 263, 2060, 306, 505, 1063, 4433, 304, 1371, 411, 1550, 306, 626, 1244, 29892, 408, 760, 310, 590, 25940, 3527, 29889, 13, 1576, 16778, 310, 278, 832, 12356, 748, 1250, 304, 278, 6440, 478, 271, 2185, 8831, 322, 2094, 1309, 2153, 1546, 3739, 5473, 322, 21226, 14170, 936, 5366, 874, 29892, 1058, 12561, 287, 310, 385, 6121, 278, 5996, 832, 12356, 363, 21226, 14170, 936, 5925, 322, 2834, 29889, 450, 13834, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29946, 11781, 310, 3739, 5473, 322, 319, 6098, 351, 272, 294, 297, 23204, 373, 278, 8040, 310, 7137, 3145, 16267, 287, 278, 17837, 393, 445, 723, 367, 278, 6924, 2058, 363, 1316, 385, 832, 12356, 304, 367, 7841, 29889, 13, 18743, 1472, 29892, 3739, 5473, 9953, 16656, 278, 18551, 304, 5642, 916, 1135, 24337, 360, 420, 29915, 29879, 6673, 29892, 11459, 29889, 450, 29221, 379, 267, 13903, 29892, 315, 7187, 29889, 1094, 540, 5148, 2820, 23204, 29892, 540, 6140, 304, 1284, 278, 4922, 9758, 29889, 13, 29911, 424, 332, 338, 5982, 373, 29871, 29941, 29953, 23931, 310, 17306, 3332, 288, 9258, 10697, 29892, 325, 457, 29891, 3163, 29892, 322, 282, 457, 29889, 6811, 23261, 23408, 280, 8008, 29892, 402, 7820, 29892, 322, 6211, 29873, 435, 2883, 29892, 263, 3273, 7899, 7062, 310, 23204, 322, 411, 278, 19223, 310, 18284, 7962, 373, 263, 2821, 2462, 29892, 278, 4423, 756, 1063, 2274, 2197, 5439, 408, 376, 710, 1845, 293, 1642, 22096, 304, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29955, 18372, 8373, 3362, 29892, 445, 471, 18284, 713, 20123, 29892, 322, 338, 525, 23027, 29915, 310, 278, 7646, 7407, 541, 5833, 310, 278, 5139, 285, 663, 18830, 23408, 280, 8008, 29889, 13, 1576, 2875, 3528, 28911, 304, 278, 317, 957, 7577, 20080, 8170, 310, 3792, 941, 29892, 472, 3203, 1951, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29953, 29929, 29892, 746, 372, 471, 4113, 1531, 287, 491, 278, 379, 6897, 3074, 3330, 307, 29899, 29950, 686, 13956, 13378, 29915, 29879, 5443, 310, 278, 13766, 6488, 29889, 7133, 278, 13476, 2480, 3152, 29892, 896, 19623, 263, 13457, 373, 445, 3268, 29889, 27466, 2705, 29892, 2466, 29892, 727, 526, 260, 583, 304, 445, 2982, 411, 278, 1797, 270, 1218, 1250, 304, 1009, 937, 18517, 1244, 785, 297, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29929, 29929, 29892, 411, 278, 937, 2181, 375, 1943, 29889, 13, 14438, 29889, 379, 267, 13903, 25617, 3739, 5473, 304, 20590, 278, 2875, 515, 278, 8170, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29953, 29892, 363, 395, 29941, 29900, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 29892, 925, 263, 2846, 7378, 528, 29891, 310, 278, 18372, 8373, 3362, 29889, 450, 2847, 3438, 310, 5214, 278, 4818, 471, 15899, 472, 395, 29896, 7284, 29892, 363, 607, 4693, 29889, 22040, 5148, 304, 278, 1176, 359, 537, 310, 306, 29889, 319, 29889, 438, 29915, 2713, 6334, 2264, 29891, 313, 5203, 373, 24165, 363, 2534, 1016, 630, 278, 29199, 363, 278, 11401, 322, 2803, 2153, 6346, 467, 24337, 360, 420, 454, 1463, 278, 2875, 515, 278, 478, 271, 2185, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29955, 29892, 541, 5214, 750, 304, 4480, 2645, 278, 14529, 29892 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.861941	0.168058	1.033911	0.853539
after which Israel now controlled the territory. By the time the center was constructed in 1971, the cost had doubled. The first year of operation was 1972. Anticipating the renewal of the Vatican lease of Tantur to Notre Dame for another 50 years, starting next year, the University has approved a strategic plan that would propel the Institute to its next phase. The original vision of a resident community of scholars has ebbed and flowed, and most of the people who come through do so either for sabbatical or short term programs, in addition to ND's study abroad programs in the spring. There are currently three of us considered resident Fellows or Scholars: A Church of England priest, a Jewish biblical scholar, and myself. There is also one seminarian intern/program assistant. There are about twenty people here on a three-month sabbatical/continuing education program, mostly Catholic priests (with two Anglicans). It is easy to envision something like the Lay Centre in Rome as a model for the community life here, with a more explicit focus on ecumenical dialogue. I had finished most of this post at the end of my first full day here; this morning (Yom Kippur/ Eid al-Adha) I heard the news of the shooting death of a 19-year old university freshman at a security checkpoint from a Mennonite peace worker. It is a somber reminder that even as I am here to get away from the distractions of the world to write and research, and as quiet and peaceful as things appear from this hilltop retreat, the complexities of the situation here, and the tragedies, require our prayer for peaceful resolution. And deeper understanding. I am no expert, and I hope the next three months bring me to a deeper understanding and solidarity with my brothers and sisters here – Israeli and Palestinian, Jewish, Muslim, Druze, and Christian. Quinque annis fui Romae September 2, 2014 11:20 pm / Leave a comment I am not a classicist, so any Fr. Reggie disciples out there, be merciful with my occasional Latin. It seems more and more my posts begin with "sorry I have not written in so long…", but then so do most of my emails. A new semester has begun for U.S. study abroad students in Rome, and in the miracle attributable to Our Lady of Climate Change, while Calgary experienced the hottest summer on record in 75 years, Rome has been topping out at a pleasant 27°C [80°F] or below since I have been back. That's practically Halloween weather! My adjunct professorial career continues with two courses this fall: Catholicism Today, and the Theology of the Church in Rome. I will also be serving as the Academic Success and Spiritual Life/Campus Ministry Advisor for one university, where i now reside. No longer the graduate assistant at the John Paul II Center for Interreligious Dialogue, my academic focus should allow time for more writing. Mostly, i hope, on the dissertation, but also a bit on this blog! And there is so much to share. Personally, summer included two seminars – one online on the ordination of women to the diaconate in the Church's past, present and future; and the other in Greece on Orthodox Theology. I heard the clearest and most concise explanation of the filioque issue ever, and my faith in its ecumenical resolution is now certain. Then there were visits home to Seattle, to the Canadian Rockies and Calgary, and a wedding in the Colorado high Rockies above Denver. Hiking, camping, road trips, and fog so thick you would not be able to see a volcano if it were right in front of you. More on all of that soon. Pictures too. Broadly, the Vatican Bank's been getting cleaned up, the world is at war and in large parts oblivious to the fact, Christianity has been all-but extinguished in one of its ancient patriarchates, a Pan-Orthodox Council (inshallah) is promised, and there are some rather nervous prelates around Rome. June saw the third installment of the very successful Receptive Ecumenism conferences, and as people trickle back in from vacation around the Eternal City, all eyes are on the Synod for the	[ 1156, 607, 11996, 1286, 20704, 278, 20123, 29889, 2648, 278, 931, 278, 4818, 471, 13319, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29896, 29892, 278, 3438, 750, 3765, 29881, 29889, 450, 937, 1629, 310, 5858, 471, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29906, 29889, 13, 13448, 12654, 1218, 278, 23011, 284, 310, 278, 478, 271, 2185, 454, 559, 310, 323, 424, 332, 304, 24337, 360, 420, 363, 1790, 29871, 29945, 29900, 2440, 29892, 6257, 2446, 1629, 29892, 278, 3014, 756, 23454, 263, 16650, 293, 3814, 393, 723, 3107, 295, 278, 8907, 304, 967, 2446, 8576, 29889, 450, 2441, 18551, 310, 263, 20201, 7881, 310, 1364, 324, 1503, 756, 321, 1327, 287, 322, 4972, 287, 29892, 322, 1556, 310, 278, 2305, 1058, 2041, 1549, 437, 577, 2845, 363, 269, 8846, 271, 936, 470, 3273, 1840, 11104, 29892, 297, 6124, 304, 405, 29928, 29915, 29879, 6559, 28177, 11104, 297, 278, 6709, 29889, 1670, 526, 5279, 2211, 310, 502, 5545, 20201, 383, 514, 1242, 470, 1102, 324, 1503, 29901, 319, 6291, 310, 5408, 18781, 29892, 263, 16728, 29727, 506, 284, 21344, 29892, 322, 6142, 29889, 1670, 338, 884, 697, 3031, 262, 13956, 2836, 29914, 8860, 20255, 29889, 1670, 526, 1048, 10081, 2305, 1244, 373, 263, 2211, 29899, 10874, 269, 8846, 271, 936, 29914, 20621, 292, 9793, 1824, 29892, 11149, 11865, 3691, 9197, 313, 2541, 1023, 3218, 506, 550, 467, 739, 338, 4780, 304, 427, 4924, 1554, 763, 278, 365, 388, 11319, 297, 9184, 408, 263, 1904, 363, 278, 7881, 2834, 1244, 29892, 411, 263, 901, 6261, 8569, 373, 21226, 14170, 936, 7928, 434, 29889, 13, 29902, 750, 7743, 1556, 310, 445, 1400, 472, 278, 1095, 310, 590, 937, 2989, 2462, 1244, 29936, 445, 7250, 313, 29979, 290, 476, 8377, 332, 29914, 382, 333, 394, 29899, 3253, 2350, 29897, 306, 6091, 278, 9763, 310, 278, 27904, 4892, 310, 263, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29899, 6360, 2030, 16372, 10849, 1171, 472, 263, 6993, 1423, 3149, 515, 263, 341, 2108, 265, 568, 10776, 15645, 29889, 739, 338, 263, 1047, 495, 1083, 4995, 393, 1584, 408, 306, 626, 1244, 304, 679, 3448, 515, 278, 1320, 336, 1953, 310, 278, 3186, 304, 2436, 322, 5925, 29892, 322, 408, 11813, 322, 10776, 1319, 408, 2712, 2615, 515, 445, 17306, 3332, 22162, 271, 29892, 278, 4280, 1907, 310, 278, 6434, 1244, 29892, 322, 278, 1020, 3192, 583, 29892, 1996, 1749, 27402, 363, 10776, 1319, 10104, 29889, 1126, 25871, 8004, 29889, 306, 626, 694, 17924, 29892, 322, 306, 4966, 278, 2446, 2211, 7378, 6963, 592, 304, 263, 25871, 8004, 322, 7773, 279, 537, 411, 590, 21383, 322, 9883, 29879, 1244, 785, 22895, 5037, 322, 22053, 262, 713, 29892, 16728, 29892, 23772, 29892, 16597, 911, 29892, 322, 6111, 29889, 13, 2182, 262, 802, 2889, 275, 285, 1481, 6033, 3660, 13, 2008, 3266, 29871, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29901, 29906, 29900, 26354, 847, 951, 1351, 263, 3440, 13, 29902, 626, 451, 263, 22037, 391, 29892, 577, 738, 4693, 29889, 2169, 12053, 766, 455, 2701, 714, 727, 29892, 367, 16856, 6845, 411, 590, 14882, 1848, 13548, 29889, 13, 3112, 2444, 901, 322, 901, 590, 11803, 3380, 411, 376, 29879, 3818, 306, 505, 451, 3971, 297, 577, 1472, 30098, 613, 541, 769, 577, 437, 1556, 310, 590, 24609, 29889, 13, 29909, 716, 3031, 4156, 756, 23580, 363, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 6559, 28177, 8041, 297, 9184, 29892, 322, 297, 278, 3737, 10792, 1098, 1091, 9246, 304, 8680, 10040, 310, 2233, 6490, 10726, 29892, 1550, 3037, 29887, 653, 18860, 278, 298, 1501, 342, 11801, 373, 2407, 297, 29871, 29955, 29945, 2440, 29892, 9184, 756, 1063, 304, 3262, 714, 472, 263, 21246, 29871, 29906, 29955, 30073, 29907, 518, 29947, 29900, 30073, 29943, 29962, 470, 2400, 1951, 306, 505, 1063, 1250, 29889, 2193, 29915, 29879, 4120, 1711, 6573, 4657, 264, 14826, 29991, 13, 3421, 12109, 18049, 12251, 616, 6413, 18172, 411, 1023, 21888, 445, 6416, 29901, 11865, 1608, 20628, 29892, 322, 278, 450, 3002, 310, 278, 6291, 297, 9184, 29889, 306, 674, 884, 367, 16330, 408, 278, 16146, 293, 21397, 322, 20799, 950, 4634, 29914, 29907, 1160, 375, 20886, 2087, 19188, 363, 697, 16372, 29892, 988, 474, 1286, 620, 680, 29889, 1939, 5520, 278, 10591, 403, 20255, 472, 278, 2259, 3739, 1944, 7817, 363, 4124, 2674, 335, 2738, 18878, 434, 29892, 590, 21567, 8569, 881, 2758, 931, 363, 901, 5007, 29889, 7849, 368, 29892, 474, 4966, 29892, 373, 278, 766, 1940, 362, 29892, 541, 884, 263, 2586, 373, 445, 12618, 29991, 13, 2855, 727, 338, 577, 1568, 304, 6232, 29889, 13, 7435, 635, 29892, 11801, 5134, 1023, 3031, 262, 1503, 785, 697, 7395, 373, 278, 4356, 3381, 310, 5866, 304, 278, 9766, 535, 403, 297, 278, 6291, 29915, 29879, 4940, 29892, 2198, 322, 5434, 29936, 322, 278, 916, 297, 25549, 373, 23757, 17324, 450, 3002, 29889, 306, 6091, 278, 2821, 342, 322, 1556, 3022, 895, 8252, 310, 278, 977, 601, 802, 2228, 3926, 29892, 322, 590, 10847, 297, 967, 21226, 14170, 936, 10104, 338, 1286, 3058, 29889, 1987, 727, 892, 1998, 1169, 3271, 304, 27689, 29892, 304, 278, 11443, 8027, 583, 322, 3037, 29887, 653, 29892, 322, 263, 14837, 8497, 297, 278, 21137, 1880, 8027, 583, 2038, 3384, 369, 29889, 379, 638, 292, 29892, 4242, 292, 29892, 6520, 3367, 567, 29892, 322, 16847, 577, 12003, 366, 723, 451, 367, 2221, 304, 1074, 263, 1700, 26004, 565, 372, 892, 1492, 297, 4565, 310, 366, 29889, 5853, 373, 599, 310, 393, 4720, 29889, 26069, 2086, 29889, 13, 29933, 9972, 368, 29892, 278, 478, 271, 2185, 10253, 29915, 29879, 1063, 2805, 5941, 287, 701, 29892, 278, 3186, 338, 472, 1370, 322, 297, 2919, 5633, 704, 17843, 2738, 304, 278, 2114, 29892, 6111, 537, 756, 1063, 599, 29899, 4187, 429, 1259, 29884, 3276, 297, 697, 310, 967, 12297, 16967, 1279, 1078, 29892, 263, 6518, 29899, 2816, 386, 17324, 8831, 313, 262, 23258, 8083, 29897, 338, 22399, 29892, 322, 727, 526, 777, 3265, 23547, 681, 758, 29880, 1078, 2820, 9184, 29889, 5306, 4446, 278, 4654, 2601, 358, 310, 278, 1407, 9150, 830, 1547, 573, 382, 29883, 14170, 1608, 378, 10662, 29892, 322, 408, 2305, 8938, 280, 1250, 297, 515, 11757, 362, 2820, 278, 382, 1890, 4412, 29892, 599, 5076, 526, 373, 278, 10829, 397, 363, 278 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.525025	0.103168	0.503117	0.43107
The Occidental Lanzarote Mar is a hotel designed for sports orientated individuals, families and groups. With Olympic size pool, it offers specialist training facilities and support services for triathletes, cyclists, and water sports enthusiasts with choice of specialist dietary, buffet and a la carte dining, wellness centre and spa, gym, special facilities for families, kids club and evening entertainment. The hotel is located Just south of Costa Teguise just between El Jablillo and Las Calestas approximately 15km, around 20 minutes drive, from the airport. It is close to the small, natural beach Playa del Ancia, which is around 500m away, with access down a moderate slope and some rocky areas. The main windsurfing and sandy beach is Las Cucharas around 2.6km away, around a 5 minute transfer with the hotel's free shuttle bus, which runs during the day. This newly refurbished hotel has 442 rooms, with 3 floors in 7 individual buildings with lift and stair access. Room categories include: Double Rooms, Family Room, Family Suite, Suite Deluxe with 2 bedrooms, Deluxe Sports Rooms and Deluxe Hipoxia Reooms. These room are decorated in a cheerful and colourful style, with a living area in the bedroom, with 2 x twin beds, a rain-effect shower and complimentary toiletries in the bathroom. Maximum room capacity is 2 people (2 adults). Room facilities include: en-suite bathroom with complimentary toiletries, hairdryer, air conditioning, telephone, mini bar (subject to charge) and in room safe (subject to local charge) and free WiFi. The Superior Family room has a separate bedroom with 2 x twin beds sofa bed and a cot with complimentary baby arrival pack in the room, consisting of a changing set, a baby bath, baby monitor and bottle warmer. The ensuite bathroom has a bathtub with shower over, with complimentary toiletries, hairdryer. The main bedroom has a sitting area with sofa bed, air conditioning, telephone, mini bar (subject to charge) and in room safe (subject to local charge) and free WiFi and Young families travelling are offers a Wii (subject to deposit) and a baby kit (free of charge). Maximum room capacity is for 4 people (possible combinations: 3 adults and one child; 2 adults and 2 children) with up to 2 extra beds for children possible in the bedroom on request. Cots are available, subject to local charge, which we recommend you request in advance of arrival. These luxurious suites are completely new with a modern and elegant design, with 2 large bedrooms (1 x king size bed and 2 x single beds), one with dressing room, a spacious living room with 42" LCD TV in both bedrooms, Lavazza experesso machine, ensuite bathroom with twin washbasins and two rain effect showsers, hairdryer, maginifyer mirror, exclusive guest toiletries, with bathrobe and slipper set. There is a furnished terrace. Maximum room capacity 4 adults. These rooms have been designed with a large, private terrace, a sleeping area with a king size bed and a lounge area with a comfortable sofa, each with a plasma TV, as well as a fully equipped bathroom with rain-effect shower. There is a a spacious training area with an exercise pad prepared for using TRX belts encourages guests to stay in shape in the privacy of your own room. An indoor hot tub with water filter and a panoramic window ( with request for activation at check-in), or a relaxing session in the private Finnish sauna. In addition, the room has a space for storing your sports equipment. Maximum room capacity 2 people. The spacious, new Hypoxia Deluxe room has been designed for the athlete with a modern bedroom with an armchair and desk, a furnished balcony, a dressing room, and a bathroom with a rain-effect shower, bathrobe and slippers. The hypoxia system simulates altitudes of up to 4,000 m by reducing the concentration of oxygen in the air. Prolonged stays allow the body to increase production of	[ 450, 16117, 1693, 284, 365, 4096, 279, 866, 1085, 338, 263, 16730, 8688, 363, 14717, 7769, 630, 15724, 29892, 13175, 322, 6471, 29889, 2973, 19025, 2159, 11565, 29892, 372, 16688, 4266, 391, 6694, 23330, 322, 2304, 5786, 363, 3367, 493, 1026, 267, 29892, 24502, 2879, 29892, 322, 4094, 14717, 23644, 15736, 29879, 411, 7348, 310, 4266, 391, 652, 300, 653, 29892, 20487, 300, 322, 263, 425, 20206, 270, 2827, 29892, 1532, 2264, 8442, 322, 805, 29874, 29892, 330, 962, 29892, 4266, 23330, 363, 13175, 29892, 413, 4841, 4402, 322, 11005, 22684, 358, 29889, 13, 1576, 16730, 338, 5982, 3387, 7062, 310, 17513, 323, 24024, 895, 925, 1546, 1260, 435, 12478, 9093, 322, 7413, 3037, 342, 294, 14235, 29871, 29896, 29945, 8848, 29892, 2820, 29871, 29906, 29900, 6233, 7899, 29892, 515, 278, 4799, 637, 29889, 739, 338, 3802, 304, 278, 2319, 29892, 5613, 25695, 7412, 29874, 628, 530, 1512, 29892, 607, 338, 2820, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29900, 29885, 3448, 29892, 411, 2130, 1623, 263, 17768, 403, 24968, 322, 777, 7679, 29891, 10161, 29889, 450, 1667, 8805, 7610, 29888, 292, 322, 11982, 29891, 25695, 338, 7413, 315, 24059, 294, 2820, 29871, 29906, 29889, 29953, 8848, 3448, 29892, 2820, 263, 29871, 29945, 11015, 6782, 411, 278, 16730, 29915, 29879, 3889, 528, 4774, 280, 3593, 29892, 607, 6057, 2645, 278, 2462, 29889, 13, 4013, 15141, 2143, 9265, 3276, 16730, 756, 29871, 29946, 29946, 29906, 19600, 29892, 411, 29871, 29941, 5685, 943, 297, 29871, 29955, 5375, 13814, 411, 13777, 322, 380, 1466, 2130, 29889, 25114, 13997, 3160, 29901, 11599, 1528, 4835, 29892, 14662, 25114, 29892, 14662, 2166, 568, 29892, 2166, 568, 5556, 1314, 29872, 411, 29871, 29906, 6592, 18901, 29892, 5556, 1314, 29872, 12453, 1528, 4835, 322, 5556, 1314, 29872, 379, 666, 2251, 423, 830, 29877, 4835, 29889, 13, 1349, 968, 5716, 526, 10200, 630, 297, 263, 22794, 1319, 322, 12384, 1319, 3114, 29892, 411, 263, 8471, 4038, 297, 278, 6592, 8345, 29892, 411, 29871, 29906, 921, 3252, 262, 289, 5779, 29892, 263, 17251, 29899, 15987, 1510, 261, 322, 13162, 2073, 653, 304, 488, 29873, 2722, 297, 278, 27683, 8345, 29889, 5918, 12539, 5716, 13284, 338, 29871, 29906, 2305, 313, 29906, 16157, 29879, 467, 25114, 23330, 3160, 29901, 427, 29899, 13495, 27683, 8345, 411, 13162, 2073, 653, 304, 488, 29873, 2722, 29892, 447, 1823, 719, 261, 29892, 4799, 4195, 292, 29892, 4382, 6710, 29892, 20629, 2594, 313, 16009, 304, 8323, 29897, 322, 297, 5716, 9109, 313, 16009, 304, 1887, 8323, 29897, 322, 3889, 14570, 18800, 29889, 13, 1576, 5670, 1611, 14662, 5716, 756, 263, 5004, 6592, 8345, 411, 29871, 29906, 921, 3252, 262, 289, 5779, 577, 5444, 6592, 322, 263, 20118, 411, 13162, 2073, 653, 24354, 18517, 4870, 297, 278, 5716, 29892, 19849, 310, 263, 6480, 731, 29892, 263, 24354, 27683, 29892, 24354, 11819, 322, 18046, 280, 1370, 1050, 29889, 450, 18158, 27683, 8345, 756, 263, 17152, 400, 431, 411, 1510, 261, 975, 29892, 411, 13162, 2073, 653, 304, 488, 29873, 2722, 29892, 447, 1823, 719, 261, 29889, 450, 1667, 6592, 8345, 756, 263, 16246, 4038, 411, 577, 5444, 6592, 29892, 4799, 4195, 292, 29892, 4382, 6710, 29892, 20629, 2594, 313, 16009, 304, 8323, 29897, 322, 297, 5716, 9109, 313, 16009, 304, 1887, 8323, 29897, 322, 3889, 14570, 18800, 322, 10443, 13175, 6427, 7807, 526, 16688, 263, 399, 2236, 313, 16009, 304, 19754, 277, 29897, 322, 263, 24354, 413, 277, 313, 9021, 310, 8323, 467, 5918, 12539, 5716, 13284, 338, 363, 29871, 29946, 2305, 313, 27338, 18240, 29901, 29871, 29941, 16157, 29879, 322, 697, 2278, 29936, 29871, 29906, 16157, 29879, 322, 29871, 29906, 4344, 29897, 411, 701, 304, 29871, 29906, 4805, 289, 5779, 363, 4344, 1950, 297, 278, 6592, 8345, 373, 2009, 29889, 315, 1862, 526, 3625, 29892, 4967, 304, 1887, 8323, 29892, 607, 591, 6907, 366, 2009, 297, 6564, 310, 18517, 29889, 13, 1349, 968, 21684, 332, 2738, 480, 3246, 526, 6446, 716, 411, 263, 5400, 322, 19232, 2874, 29892, 411, 29871, 29906, 2919, 6592, 18901, 313, 29896, 921, 6989, 2159, 6592, 322, 29871, 29906, 921, 2323, 289, 5779, 511, 697, 411, 10714, 292, 5716, 29892, 263, 805, 29874, 8802, 8471, 5716, 411, 29871, 29946, 29906, 29908, 365, 6530, 5648, 297, 1716, 6592, 18901, 29892, 23212, 834, 1362, 2902, 6777, 4933, 29892, 18158, 27683, 8345, 411, 3252, 262, 471, 29882, 6500, 1144, 322, 1023, 17251, 2779, 3697, 414, 29892, 447, 1823, 719, 261, 29892, 2320, 262, 1598, 261, 19571, 29892, 29192, 17838, 304, 488, 29873, 2722, 29892, 411, 27683, 307, 915, 322, 20662, 2496, 731, 29889, 1670, 338, 263, 15252, 3276, 15087, 346, 29889, 5918, 12539, 5716, 13284, 29871, 29946, 16157, 29879, 29889, 13, 1349, 968, 19600, 505, 1063, 8688, 411, 263, 2919, 29892, 2024, 15087, 346, 29892, 263, 8709, 292, 4038, 411, 263, 6989, 2159, 6592, 322, 263, 301, 1309, 479, 4038, 411, 263, 25561, 577, 5444, 29892, 1269, 411, 263, 715, 25392, 5648, 29892, 408, 1532, 408, 263, 8072, 1592, 16242, 27683, 8345, 411, 17251, 29899, 15987, 1510, 261, 29889, 1670, 338, 263, 263, 805, 29874, 8802, 6694, 4038, 411, 385, 15058, 17132, 13240, 363, 773, 10014, 29990, 1339, 1372, 18443, 267, 28865, 304, 7952, 297, 8267, 297, 278, 5999, 4135, 310, 596, 1914, 5716, 29889, 530, 1399, 16946, 7375, 23131, 411, 4094, 4175, 322, 263, 7243, 272, 314, 293, 3474, 313, 411, 2009, 363, 26229, 472, 1423, 29899, 262, 511, 470, 263, 26681, 292, 4867, 297, 278, 2024, 21189, 728, 872, 4347, 29889, 512, 6124, 29892, 278, 5716, 756, 263, 2913, 363, 15446, 596, 14717, 21083, 29889, 5918, 12539, 5716, 13284, 29871, 29906, 2305, 29889, 13, 1576, 805, 29874, 8802, 29892, 716, 9665, 1129, 29916, 423, 5556, 1314, 29872, 5716, 756, 1063, 8688, 363, 278, 17622, 2810, 411, 263, 5400, 6592, 8345, 411, 385, 5075, 305, 1466, 322, 553, 29895, 29892, 263, 15252, 3276, 6411, 535, 29891, 29892, 263, 10714, 292, 5716, 29892, 322, 263, 27683, 8345, 411, 263, 17251, 29899, 15987, 1510, 261, 29892, 27683, 307, 915, 322, 20662, 22437, 29889, 450, 7498, 1129, 29916, 423, 1788, 1027, 352, 1078, 5272, 20816, 310, 701, 304, 29871, 29946, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 286, 491, 27668, 278, 26702, 310, 288, 28596, 297, 278, 4799, 29889, 1019, 5426, 287, 27111, 2758, 278, 3573, 304, 7910, 5802, 310 ]	1,024	C4	0.314574	-0.900668	-0.601957	-0.63364
Carol Adams' work is concerned with the relationships between business, society and the environment. She is an internationally renowned author in integrated reporting and sustainability reporting, change management and performance management. She holds a part time professor position at Monash University, is a visiting professor at the Adam Smith Business School, University of Glasgow and a Research Fellow at the Centre for Sustainability Management, Leuphana Universität Lüneburg. She serves on a number of Boards and consults through Integrated Horizons on corporate reporting strategy and process and embedding sustainability into mainstream management and governance processes. She helps organizations realize lasting value from social and environmental sustainability initiatives. Carol has led the development of internationally award winning management and governance processes and sustainability reports. She has been involved in various global corporate reporting initiatives and is currently a member of the Stakeholder Council of the Global Reporting Initiative and a member of the Capitals Technical Collaboration Group for the International Integrated Reporting Council. She served as a Director and Council Member of Accountability and was involved in the development of the first AA1000 Framework. Sandra Waddock is the Galligan Chair of Strategy, Carroll School Scholar of Corporate Responsibility, and Professor of Management in the Carroll School of Management at Boston College. Widely published, Prof Waddock's research interests are in the area of macro-system change, intellectual shamanism, stewardship of the future, wisdom, corporate responsibility, management education, and multi-sector collaboration. Author or editor of eleven books, her most recent books are Intellectual Shamans: Management Academics Making a Difference (Cambridge, 2015), Building the Responsible Enterprise: Where Vision and Values Meet Value (with Andreas Rasche, Stanford, 2012), and SEE Change: Making the Change to a Sustainable Enterprise Economy (with Malcolm McIntosh, Greenleaf, 2011), The Difference Makers: How Social and Institutional Entrepreneurs Built the Corporate Responsibility Movement (Greenleaf, 2008. Dr. Waddock has published well over 100 articles on corporate citizenship, sustainable enterprise, difference making, wisdom, stewardship of the future, responsibility management systems, corporate responsibility, management education, and related topics. Prof Guthey is an Associate Professor in the CBS's Department of Intercultural Communication and Management in Denamrk. He earned a PhD in American Studies from Emory University, an MA in Biblical Literature and Religion from Columbia University, and a BA in Religion from St Olaf College. With a background in the humanities and cultural history, and years of experience at business schools in Europe, New Zealand, and the United States, his research explores the interplay between media representation and the public face of business leaders, the business dynamics of leadership development, and the production of leadership via the leadership industries. Prof Guthey has written and co-authored numerous articles in the area of leadership, organisational behaviour, and management trends and is co-author of Demystifying Business Celebrity. Since 2008, he has served as a board member of the International Leadership Association and the Academic Council of the Baltic Management Institute. During his visit, Prof Guthey had meetings with ALCRL staff to exchange knowledge and ideas. He also engaged with PhD students and presented a Brown Bag lunch seminar and a public lecture. During his public lecture, Prof Guthey focused on what he calls "leadership land" and emphasised the importance of following a critical leadership theory approach, with the emphasis on collective leadership rather than individual leadership. Prof Guthey and Prof Derick de Jongh, Director of the ALCRL, explored the possibility of joined research projects on leadership between the CBS and ALCRL. This collaboration will inform and promote responsible leadership and transformational change in business and society via the production of new research and new theory on the leadership dynamics of sustainable change in a development context. The first step will be to organise an international network of scholars in leadership, including a jointly-authored theoretical research paper on the connections between responsible leadership, sustainability, and transformational change. It is also ensvisioned that a PhD student exhange programme be developed, whereby ALCRL and CBS PhD students in leadership studies will visit SA and Denmark in 2016 and beyond. 'The University of Pret	[ 8562, 20359, 29915, 664, 338, 15041, 411, 278, 21702, 1546, 5381, 29892, 12459, 322, 278, 5177, 29889, 2296, 338, 385, 2836, 362, 635, 4325, 26689, 4148, 297, 23387, 23415, 322, 15075, 475, 3097, 23415, 29892, 1735, 10643, 322, 4180, 10643, 29889, 2296, 8640, 263, 760, 931, 12251, 2602, 472, 2598, 1161, 3014, 29892, 338, 263, 6493, 292, 12251, 472, 278, 11783, 7075, 15197, 4523, 29892, 3014, 310, 29196, 322, 263, 10550, 25940, 472, 278, 11319, 363, 317, 504, 475, 3097, 15057, 29892, 951, 29884, 561, 1648, 12855, 24123, 484, 3074, 29889, 13, 13468, 19700, 373, 263, 1353, 310, 1952, 3163, 322, 8799, 29879, 1549, 17100, 630, 6912, 466, 787, 373, 17266, 403, 23415, 13705, 322, 1889, 322, 23655, 15075, 475, 3097, 964, 1667, 5461, 10643, 322, 4095, 749, 10174, 29889, 2296, 6911, 25700, 16289, 1833, 292, 995, 515, 5264, 322, 29380, 15075, 475, 3097, 14511, 5056, 29889, 13, 8179, 324, 756, 5331, 278, 5849, 310, 2836, 362, 635, 9862, 15613, 10643, 322, 4095, 749, 10174, 322, 15075, 475, 3097, 13676, 29889, 13, 13468, 756, 1063, 9701, 297, 5164, 5534, 17266, 403, 23415, 14511, 5056, 322, 338, 5279, 263, 4509, 310, 278, 624, 1296, 7694, 8831, 310, 278, 12002, 13969, 292, 512, 4812, 1230, 322, 263, 4509, 310, 278, 22009, 1338, 8364, 936, 13435, 3717, 362, 6431, 363, 278, 4623, 17100, 630, 13969, 292, 8831, 29889, 2296, 6766, 408, 263, 15944, 322, 8831, 19495, 310, 16535, 3097, 322, 471, 9701, 297, 278, 5849, 310, 278, 937, 22704, 29896, 29900, 29900, 29900, 16657, 29889, 13, 29903, 10738, 399, 1202, 1698, 338, 278, 8130, 11163, 24193, 310, 3767, 8963, 29892, 1704, 1245, 4523, 1102, 10170, 310, 12767, 403, 2538, 29886, 787, 4127, 29892, 322, 11386, 310, 15057, 297, 278, 1704, 1245, 4523, 310, 15057, 472, 12115, 6346, 29889, 13, 29956, 333, 873, 6369, 29892, 6175, 399, 1202, 1698, 29915, 29879, 5925, 20017, 526, 297, 278, 4038, 310, 11758, 29899, 5205, 1735, 29892, 29762, 528, 13533, 1608, 29892, 1886, 1328, 3527, 310, 278, 5434, 29892, 29714, 29892, 17266, 403, 23134, 29892, 10643, 9793, 29892, 322, 2473, 29899, 344, 2801, 24771, 29889, 13361, 470, 6920, 310, 28121, 8277, 29892, 902, 1556, 7786, 8277, 526, 18555, 781, 950, 1383, 314, 550, 29901, 15057, 16146, 1199, 341, 5086, 263, 360, 17678, 313, 29907, 1117, 8605, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 511, 17166, 278, 2538, 29886, 787, 1821, 9041, 7734, 29901, 6804, 478, 2459, 322, 2630, 1041, 2191, 300, 7865, 313, 2541, 21186, 25351, 1173, 29892, 7813, 4006, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 511, 322, 3725, 29923, 10726, 29901, 341, 5086, 278, 10726, 304, 263, 317, 504, 475, 519, 9041, 7734, 12884, 29891, 313, 2541, 3792, 1054, 29885, 4052, 2928, 10578, 29892, 7646, 29500, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29896, 511, 450, 360, 17678, 17232, 414, 29901, 1128, 10307, 322, 28218, 284, 14447, 558, 1600, 1295, 5373, 2782, 278, 12767, 403, 2538, 29886, 787, 4127, 14104, 882, 313, 24599, 29500, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29947, 29889, 4942, 29889, 399, 1202, 1698, 756, 6369, 1532, 975, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 7456, 373, 17266, 403, 18363, 4034, 29892, 15075, 475, 519, 3896, 7734, 29892, 4328, 3907, 29892, 29714, 29892, 1886, 1328, 3527, 310, 278, 5434, 29892, 23134, 10643, 6757, 29892, 17266, 403, 23134, 29892, 10643, 9793, 29892, 322, 4475, 23820, 29889, 13, 1184, 29888, 24032, 354, 29891, 338, 385, 6853, 403, 11386, 297, 278, 29589, 29915, 29879, 10317, 310, 4124, 29883, 499, 3631, 22365, 362, 322, 15057, 297, 3384, 314, 29878, 29895, 29889, 940, 20591, 263, 1963, 29928, 297, 3082, 16972, 515, 2812, 706, 3014, 29892, 385, 14861, 297, 19864, 506, 284, 5449, 1535, 322, 27099, 515, 15411, 3014, 29892, 322, 263, 350, 29909, 297, 27099, 515, 624, 438, 433, 29888, 6346, 29889, 13, 3047, 263, 3239, 297, 278, 5199, 1907, 322, 16375, 4955, 29892, 322, 2440, 310, 7271, 472, 5381, 12462, 297, 4092, 29892, 1570, 13450, 29892, 322, 278, 3303, 3900, 29892, 670, 5925, 3902, 2361, 278, 1006, 1456, 1546, 5745, 8954, 322, 278, 970, 3700, 310, 5381, 20251, 29892, 278, 5381, 19753, 310, 26001, 5849, 29892, 322, 278, 5802, 310, 26001, 3025, 278, 26001, 6397, 2722, 29889, 6175, 24032, 354, 29891, 756, 3971, 322, 1302, 29899, 8921, 287, 12727, 7456, 297, 278, 4038, 310, 26001, 29892, 17459, 1288, 10468, 29892, 322, 10643, 534, 1975, 322, 338, 1302, 29899, 8921, 310, 4432, 858, 9215, 15197, 315, 6146, 1182, 537, 29889, 4001, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29947, 29892, 540, 756, 6766, 408, 263, 7613, 4509, 310, 278, 4623, 951, 328, 10475, 7993, 322, 278, 16146, 293, 8831, 310, 278, 16834, 293, 15057, 8907, 29889, 13, 29928, 3864, 670, 6493, 29892, 6175, 24032, 354, 29891, 750, 5870, 886, 411, 319, 12182, 2241, 13925, 304, 14523, 7134, 322, 7014, 29889, 940, 884, 17785, 411, 1963, 29928, 8041, 322, 9132, 263, 9817, 18341, 301, 3322, 3031, 18220, 322, 263, 970, 29197, 29889, 7133, 670, 970, 29197, 29892, 6175, 24032, 354, 29891, 21309, 373, 825, 540, 5717, 376, 280, 328, 10475, 2982, 29908, 322, 19310, 3368, 278, 13500, 310, 1494, 263, 12187, 26001, 6368, 2948, 29892, 411, 278, 19310, 275, 373, 6314, 573, 26001, 3265, 1135, 5375, 26001, 29889, 13, 1184, 29888, 24032, 354, 29891, 322, 6175, 2452, 860, 316, 435, 549, 29882, 29892, 15944, 310, 278, 319, 12182, 2241, 29892, 3902, 4395, 278, 13331, 310, 8772, 5925, 9279, 373, 26001, 1546, 278, 29589, 322, 319, 12182, 2241, 29889, 910, 24771, 674, 1871, 322, 27391, 14040, 26001, 322, 4327, 1288, 1735, 297, 5381, 322, 12459, 3025, 278, 5802, 310, 716, 5925, 322, 716, 6368, 373, 278, 26001, 19753, 310, 15075, 475, 519, 1735, 297, 263, 5849, 3030, 29889, 450, 937, 4331, 674, 367, 304, 2894, 895, 385, 6121, 3564, 310, 1364, 324, 1503, 297, 26001, 29892, 3704, 263, 14002, 368, 29899, 8921, 287, 23399, 5925, 5650, 373, 278, 12368, 1546, 14040, 26001, 29892, 15075, 475, 3097, 29892, 322, 4327, 1288, 1735, 29889, 739, 338, 884, 5662, 4924, 287, 393, 263, 1963, 29928, 8368, 429, 29882, 927, 19607, 367, 8906, 29892, 988, 1609, 319, 12182, 2241, 322, 29589, 1963, 29928, 8041, 297, 26001, 11898, 674, 6493, 16698, 322, 3384, 3502, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 322, 8724, 29889, 13, 29915, 1576, 3014, 310, 349, 2267 ]	1,024	C4	1.337548	1.132312	0.497737	1.822435
Contract Hire Rental Finance Our Fleet Maintenance Compliance Driver Training Used Sales Dawsongroup Tractor Units Rigids Trailers Car Transporters Showcase HomeNewsJack Nickerson Reflects On His First Year With Dawsongroup Truck and Trailer and Looks Forward To A Successful Future Jack Nickerson reflects on his first year with Dawsongroup truck and trailer, and looks forward to a successful future After a year with Dawsongroup truck and trailer, Jack Nickerson looks back over his first 12 months and is both enthusiastic about his new role in 2021 and optimistic for his future long-term career. Twenty-six-year-old Jack joined us as an Area Sales Manager in November 2019 with responsibility for new sales opportunities and account management in the areas covered by our Norwich and Ipswich offices. He previously worked as a Branch Rental Manager at Enterprise Rent-a-car and had five years' experience in the car rental/leasing industry, dealing with both retail and business customers. Jack wanted to move from management into a sales role but confesses that he had very little experience of trucks or trailers! So, moving to Dawsongroup set him on a steep learning curve, in more ways than one. However, he joined us with a very good understanding of short and long-term asset leasing and his enthusiasm and flair for sales made up for this lack of sector experience. He quickly got his teeth into the challenges of his new job and the support of a fantastic truck and trailer team, both locally and across the company, made riding the learning curve much easier. Less than a year after joining us, Jack's role was extended to cover the whole of East Anglia through our Norwich, Peterborough and Ipswich offices. Again, his enthusiasm and dedication helped him rise to the challenges of his new job. He's already brought new customers into the business that hadn't previously dealt with us. Notable successes include a large raw pet food producer and a nationwide retailer, locally, where we are the main overflow provider during peak periods. Both these new customers were won over by the excellent service provided by Jack and his team. Rather than be a supplier who just provides bits of kit, Jack firmly believes in a partnership and consultative approach; understanding and delivering exactly what his customers need and helping them in any way he can. This is an approach we follow across the whole of Dawsongroup truck and trailer, and one that has enabled Jack to develop excellent and close working relationships with his customers, and deliver on what's promised. Aside from looking forward to enjoying football, fishing and playing pool at his usual high standard in 2021, Jack is optimistic about the work challenges ahead and is determined to carve out a successful career, commenting: "I'm really excited to be extending my role across the whole of East Anglia in 2021. I'm especially looking forward to meeting new customers and helping companies from a wide range of industries. "It'll be great working with a bigger team, focusing on our targets and extending the brand and understanding of Dawsongroup truck and trailer throughout my area." Get in touch today to see how we can help Click here to send us an enquiry Brands We Supply Please get in touch by using this form, emailing us on contactus@dawsongroup.co.uk or simply calling us to speak to one of our specialists today... 0800 032 9766 * I'm interested in: Contract Term 1 Year 2 Years 3 Years 4 Years 5 Years 6 Years 7 Years 8 Years 9 Years 10 Years * I agree to the Privacy Notices Dawsongroup Truck and Trailer Limited. Delaware Drive, Tongwell, Milton Keynes MK15 8JH Dawsongroup Truck and Trailer Limited is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority. Financial Conduct Authority Register number: 725515 E: contactus@dawsongroup.co.uk © Copyright Dawsongroup Company Registration No. 03080279 (England and Wales) This website uses cookies so that we can give the best possible browser experience and provide a better	[ 2866, 1461, 379, 533, 390, 13703, 4231, 749, 8680, 13859, 300, 4241, 841, 749, 3831, 13036, 26391, 26101, 501, 8485, 28389, 360, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 13, 29911, 28891, 28386, 390, 335, 4841, 3201, 22058, 1704, 4103, 1971, 2153, 7704, 4878, 13, 11184, 29328, 27006, 13853, 1330, 9897, 781, 29879, 1551, 3600, 3824, 8905, 2973, 360, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 323, 10857, 322, 3201, 3955, 322, 19887, 1152, 1328, 1763, 319, 21397, 1319, 16367, 13, 27006, 13853, 1330, 9432, 29879, 373, 670, 937, 1629, 411, 360, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 534, 2707, 322, 1020, 3955, 29892, 322, 3430, 6375, 304, 263, 9150, 5434, 13, 13555, 263, 1629, 411, 360, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 534, 2707, 322, 1020, 3955, 29892, 5457, 13853, 1330, 3430, 1250, 975, 670, 937, 29871, 29896, 29906, 7378, 322, 338, 1716, 23644, 29875, 6288, 1048, 670, 716, 6297, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 322, 5994, 4695, 363, 670, 5434, 1472, 29899, 8489, 6413, 29889, 13, 27418, 6478, 29899, 28319, 29899, 6360, 29899, 1025, 5457, 8772, 502, 408, 385, 18320, 28389, 15629, 297, 3979, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29929, 411, 23134, 363, 716, 16538, 28602, 1907, 322, 3633, 10643, 297, 278, 10161, 10664, 491, 1749, 4186, 16416, 322, 306, 567, 16416, 25222, 29889, 13, 3868, 9251, 3796, 408, 263, 25889, 390, 13703, 15629, 472, 9041, 7734, 390, 296, 29899, 29874, 29899, 4287, 322, 750, 5320, 2440, 29915, 7271, 297, 278, 1559, 364, 13703, 29914, 280, 5832, 13661, 29892, 16743, 411, 1716, 3240, 737, 322, 5381, 20330, 29889, 13, 27006, 5131, 304, 4337, 515, 10643, 964, 263, 16538, 6297, 541, 1970, 15322, 393, 540, 750, 1407, 2217, 7271, 310, 534, 2707, 29879, 470, 1020, 22058, 29991, 1105, 29892, 8401, 304, 360, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 731, 1075, 373, 263, 1886, 1022, 6509, 11672, 29892, 297, 901, 5837, 1135, 697, 29889, 13, 17245, 29892, 540, 8772, 502, 411, 263, 1407, 1781, 8004, 310, 3273, 322, 1472, 29899, 8489, 24342, 454, 5832, 322, 670, 23644, 3173, 29885, 322, 17422, 381, 363, 16538, 1754, 701, 363, 445, 10225, 310, 17535, 7271, 29889, 13, 3868, 9098, 2355, 670, 25287, 964, 278, 18066, 267, 310, 670, 716, 4982, 322, 278, 2304, 310, 263, 13568, 6288, 534, 2707, 322, 1020, 3955, 3815, 29892, 1716, 12430, 322, 4822, 278, 5001, 29892, 1754, 364, 4821, 278, 6509, 11672, 1568, 6775, 29889, 13, 29931, 404, 1135, 263, 1629, 1156, 22960, 502, 29892, 5457, 29915, 29879, 6297, 471, 10410, 304, 4612, 278, 3353, 310, 6932, 3218, 4456, 1549, 1749, 4186, 16416, 29892, 5310, 22187, 322, 306, 567, 16416, 25222, 29889, 13, 14769, 475, 29892, 670, 23644, 3173, 29885, 322, 8856, 362, 9213, 1075, 14451, 304, 278, 18066, 267, 310, 670, 716, 4982, 29889, 940, 29915, 29879, 2307, 6296, 716, 20330, 964, 278, 5381, 393, 27222, 29915, 29873, 9251, 316, 1997, 411, 502, 29889, 24844, 2551, 267, 3160, 263, 2919, 10650, 5697, 9687, 14297, 322, 263, 5233, 8157, 3240, 737, 261, 29892, 12430, 29892, 988, 591, 526, 278, 1667, 11969, 13113, 2645, 19224, 23704, 29889, 13, 29933, 720, 1438, 716, 20330, 892, 2113, 975, 491, 278, 15129, 2669, 4944, 491, 5457, 322, 670, 3815, 29889, 390, 1624, 1135, 367, 263, 1462, 4926, 1058, 925, 8128, 9978, 310, 413, 277, 29892, 5457, 9226, 368, 1339, 17180, 297, 263, 22056, 4034, 322, 8799, 1230, 2948, 29936, 8004, 322, 12021, 292, 3721, 825, 670, 20330, 817, 322, 19912, 963, 297, 738, 982, 540, 508, 29889, 13, 4013, 338, 385, 2948, 591, 1101, 4822, 278, 3353, 310, 360, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 534, 2707, 322, 1020, 3955, 29892, 322, 697, 393, 756, 9615, 5457, 304, 2693, 15129, 322, 3802, 1985, 21702, 411, 670, 20330, 29892, 322, 12021, 373, 825, 29915, 29879, 22399, 29889, 13, 2887, 680, 515, 3063, 6375, 304, 11418, 5414, 5733, 29892, 9427, 292, 322, 8743, 11565, 472, 670, 9670, 1880, 3918, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29892, 5457, 338, 5994, 4695, 1048, 278, 664, 18066, 267, 14432, 322, 338, 10087, 304, 1559, 345, 714, 263, 9150, 6413, 29892, 3440, 292, 29901, 376, 29902, 29915, 29885, 2289, 24173, 304, 367, 23771, 590, 6297, 4822, 278, 3353, 310, 6932, 3218, 4456, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 306, 29915, 29885, 7148, 3063, 6375, 304, 11781, 716, 20330, 322, 19912, 14582, 515, 263, 9377, 3464, 310, 6397, 2722, 29889, 13, 29908, 3112, 29915, 645, 367, 2107, 1985, 411, 263, 16600, 3815, 29892, 12789, 4746, 373, 1749, 22525, 322, 23771, 278, 14982, 322, 8004, 310, 360, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 534, 2707, 322, 1020, 3955, 10106, 590, 4038, 1213, 13, 2577, 297, 6023, 9826, 304, 1074, 920, 591, 508, 1371, 13, 4164, 1244, 304, 3638, 502, 385, 22085, 16129, 13, 12432, 4167, 1334, 9179, 368, 13, 12148, 679, 297, 6023, 491, 773, 445, 883, 29892, 4876, 292, 502, 373, 6958, 375, 29992, 1388, 5652, 549, 29878, 1132, 29889, 1111, 29889, 2679, 470, 3763, 5432, 502, 304, 7726, 304, 697, 310, 1749, 4266, 2879, 9826, 856, 29871, 29900, 29947, 29900, 29900, 29871, 29900, 29941, 29906, 29871, 29929, 29955, 29953, 29953, 13, 29930, 306, 29915, 29885, 8852, 297, 29901, 13, 21263, 11814, 29871, 29896, 8905, 29871, 29906, 23857, 29871, 29941, 23857, 29871, 29946, 23857, 29871, 29945, 23857, 29871, 29953, 23857, 29871, 29955, 23857, 29871, 29947, 23857, 29871, 29929, 23857, 29871, 29896, 29900, 23857, 13, 29930, 306, 8661, 304, 278, 18936, 4135, 16709, 13, 29928, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 323, 10857, 322, 3201, 3955, 28873, 29889, 13, 13157, 28327, 22850, 29892, 323, 549, 5872, 29892, 13, 29316, 880, 4813, 948, 267, 341, 29968, 29896, 29945, 29871, 29947, 29967, 29950, 13, 29928, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 323, 10857, 322, 3201, 3955, 28873, 338, 4148, 3368, 322, 1072, 7964, 491, 278, 4231, 273, 1455, 1281, 2199, 13361, 537, 29889, 13, 12881, 273, 1455, 1281, 2199, 13361, 537, 12577, 1353, 29901, 29871, 29955, 29906, 29945, 29945, 29896, 29945, 13, 29923, 29901, 6958, 375, 29992, 1388, 5652, 549, 29878, 1132, 29889, 1111, 29889, 2679, 13, 30211, 14187, 1266, 360, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 13, 21410, 2169, 8306, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29900, 29941, 29900, 29947, 29900, 29906, 29955, 29929, 313, 8100, 1049, 322, 13706, 29897, 13, 4013, 4700, 3913, 21046, 577, 393, 591, 508, 2367, 278, 1900, 1950, 4714, 7271, 322, 3867, 263, 2253 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.091425	-1.421729	-1.07492	-0.553636
Famous People in Basel, Switzerland Posted on August 13, 2021 August 17, 2021 by payhelpcenter Lucius Munatius Plancus (87 BC to 15 AD) Lucius Munatius Plancus was a Roman general, consul and is considered one of the legendary founders of Basel. He served, among other things, under Gaius Iulius Caesars as a legate in the Gallic War. After Caesar's assassination, he later sided with the future emperor Augustus. Karl Barth (1886 – 1968) Protestant Reformed theologian from Switzerland according to pharmacylib; In his honor, St. Alban-Ring Platz was renamed Karl Barth Platz at the beginning of the 1970s; Barth died in his native Basel in 1968 Jakob I. Bernoulli (1655 – August 16, 1705) Swiss mathematician and physicist who, among other things, contributed significantly to the development of probability theory. He also wrote the Bernoulli equations for the relationship between static, dynamic and total pressure. He died in 1705 in his native Basel Jacob Christoph Burckhardt (1818 – 1897) important Swiss humanist and cultural historian; In 1897 he died in his native Basel Erasmus (Desiderius) of Rotterdam (1466 – 1536) One of the most important humanists of his time; he died in Basel in 1536, where the Erasmusplatz and the Erasmushaus were named after him Roger Federer (born 1981 in Basel) Federer is considered the best tennis player of all time. By July 2009 he won a total of 15 Grand Slam tournaments including the Wimledon tournament six times. In 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 he was voted World Sportsman of the Year. Burkhard von Fenis (around 1040-1107) Burgundian nobleman and Bishop of Basel (1072-1107) Johann Froben (around 1460 – 1527) important printer and publisher of the city who died in Basel in 1527 Karl Theodor Jaspers (1883 – 1969) important German psychiatrist and philosopher; took Swiss citizenship in 1967 and died in Basel in 1969 Carl Gustav Jung (1875 – 1961) founder of analytical psychology; attended the Gymnaiusm on Münsterplatz in Basel and studied medicine in Basel from 1895 Marthe Keller (born 1945) Swiss actress from Basel; she played in Der Marathon-Mann (1976), in theater and TV productions, among others; since 1999 she has directed several operas Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (1844 – 1900) one of the most important German philosophers; he also distinguished himself as a classical philologist; Nietzsche had taught the upper classes at the grammar school on Münsterplatz in Basel and at the University of Basel Johannes Oekolampad (1482 – 1531) Swiss theologian and humanist; he was the reformer of Basel Paracelsus (1493 – 1541) Paracelsus, who was actually born as Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim, worked as a city doctor in Basel from 1527 to 1528. He is considered one of the most important physicians of his time Karl Schefold ( 1905-1999 ) archaeologist from Basel Basel: excursions in the area Corbusier Church in Ronchamp The pilgrimage chapel Notre-Dame du Haut is one of the most important works of the Swiss architect Le Corbusier. He built the church in the 1950s on the site of the previous building that was	[ 27458, 681, 11647, 297, 4886, 295, 29892, 28806, 13, 6747, 287, 373, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 491, 5146, 8477, 5064, 13, 24126, 16102, 13564, 2219, 375, 1858, 4564, 375, 313, 29947, 29955, 17403, 304, 29871, 29896, 29945, 11033, 29897, 13, 24126, 16102, 13564, 2219, 375, 1858, 4564, 375, 471, 263, 5917, 2498, 29892, 1136, 352, 322, 338, 5545, 697, 310, 278, 15983, 653, 1476, 414, 310, 4886, 295, 29889, 940, 6766, 29892, 4249, 916, 2712, 29892, 1090, 402, 1794, 375, 306, 352, 2482, 9243, 267, 1503, 408, 263, 2814, 403, 297, 278, 8130, 293, 3362, 29889, 2860, 9243, 26892, 29915, 29879, 20105, 3381, 29892, 540, 2678, 269, 2618, 411, 278, 5434, 953, 13651, 3111, 375, 29889, 13, 24115, 29880, 2261, 386, 313, 29896, 29947, 29947, 29953, 785, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29947, 29897, 13, 1184, 1688, 424, 830, 15628, 278, 1189, 713, 515, 28806, 5034, 304, 1374, 2817, 4135, 1982, 29936, 512, 670, 10657, 29892, 624, 29889, 21805, 29899, 29934, 292, 11141, 471, 19533, 8425, 2261, 386, 11141, 472, 278, 6763, 310, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29900, 29879, 29936, 2261, 386, 6423, 297, 670, 7531, 4886, 295, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29947, 13, 29967, 557, 711, 306, 29889, 6209, 5059, 492, 313, 29896, 29953, 29945, 29945, 785, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29955, 29900, 29945, 29897, 13, 10840, 790, 5844, 19217, 713, 322, 4824, 293, 391, 1058, 29892, 4249, 916, 2712, 29892, 26869, 16951, 304, 278, 5849, 310, 6976, 6368, 29889, 940, 884, 5456, 278, 6209, 5059, 492, 10693, 363, 278, 9443, 1546, 2294, 29892, 7343, 322, 3001, 12959, 29889, 940, 6423, 297, 29871, 29896, 29955, 29900, 29945, 297, 670, 7531, 4886, 295, 13, 24288, 711, 28840, 6640, 384, 25603, 313, 29896, 29947, 29896, 29947, 785, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29929, 29955, 29897, 13, 17001, 26182, 5199, 391, 322, 16375, 27629, 29936, 512, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29929, 29955, 540, 6423, 297, 670, 7531, 4886, 295, 13, 2110, 294, 8366, 313, 4002, 1241, 2482, 29897, 310, 9664, 357, 16846, 313, 29896, 29946, 29953, 29953, 785, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29941, 29953, 29897, 13, 6716, 310, 278, 1556, 4100, 5199, 2879, 310, 670, 931, 29936, 540, 6423, 297, 4886, 295, 297, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29941, 29953, 29892, 988, 278, 1425, 294, 8366, 16739, 322, 278, 1425, 11625, 1878, 1485, 892, 4257, 1156, 1075, 13, 29934, 468, 261, 7351, 261, 313, 4939, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29896, 297, 4886, 295, 29897, 13, 29943, 2447, 261, 338, 5545, 278, 1900, 22556, 4847, 310, 599, 931, 29889, 2648, 5468, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29929, 540, 2113, 263, 3001, 310, 29871, 29896, 29945, 6265, 317, 5288, 14743, 29879, 3704, 278, 399, 326, 839, 265, 14743, 4832, 3064, 29889, 512, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29955, 322, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29947, 540, 471, 24854, 2787, 12453, 1171, 310, 278, 8905, 29889, 13, 29933, 29641, 6800, 1005, 383, 16900, 313, 11316, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29946, 29900, 29899, 29896, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29897, 13, 29933, 2007, 870, 713, 694, 1031, 273, 322, 16880, 310, 4886, 295, 313, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29906, 29899, 29896, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29897, 13, 29967, 1148, 812, 25022, 1785, 313, 11316, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29953, 29900, 785, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29906, 29955, 29897, 13, 17001, 23028, 322, 9805, 261, 310, 278, 4272, 1058, 6423, 297, 4886, 295, 297, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29906, 29955, 13, 24115, 29880, 450, 17606, 435, 4692, 414, 313, 29896, 29947, 29947, 29941, 785, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29929, 29897, 13, 17001, 5332, 11643, 7163, 2021, 322, 8578, 359, 13434, 29936, 3614, 26182, 18363, 4034, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29955, 322, 6423, 297, 4886, 295, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29929, 13, 8179, 29880, 18305, 20260, 313, 29896, 29947, 29955, 29945, 785, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29896, 29897, 13, 11940, 261, 310, 16114, 936, 11643, 3002, 29936, 14283, 278, 402, 962, 1056, 2482, 29885, 373, 7957, 2475, 16739, 297, 4886, 295, 322, 12399, 26602, 297, 4886, 295, 515, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29929, 29945, 13, 15838, 354, 476, 4539, 313, 4939, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29945, 29897, 13, 10840, 790, 20993, 515, 4886, 295, 29936, 1183, 5318, 297, 2452, 1085, 25206, 29899, 29924, 812, 313, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29953, 511, 297, 278, 1008, 322, 5648, 1391, 1953, 29892, 4249, 4045, 29936, 1951, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29929, 1183, 756, 10624, 3196, 1751, 294, 13, 29943, 1255, 4018, 10756, 405, 2035, 29920, 5955, 313, 29896, 29947, 29946, 29946, 785, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29900, 29900, 29897, 13, 650, 310, 278, 1556, 4100, 5332, 11847, 414, 29936, 540, 884, 20660, 3654, 408, 263, 14499, 8578, 19915, 29936, 405, 2035, 29920, 5955, 750, 16187, 278, 7568, 4413, 472, 278, 25437, 3762, 373, 7957, 2475, 16739, 297, 4886, 295, 322, 472, 278, 3014, 310, 4886, 295, 13, 29967, 1148, 22393, 438, 1416, 324, 1160, 328, 313, 29896, 29946, 29947, 29906, 785, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29941, 29896, 29897, 13, 10840, 790, 278, 1189, 713, 322, 5199, 391, 29936, 540, 471, 278, 11736, 261, 310, 4886, 295, 13, 2177, 562, 1379, 375, 313, 29896, 29946, 29929, 29941, 785, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29946, 29896, 29897, 13, 2177, 562, 1379, 375, 29892, 1058, 471, 2869, 6345, 408, 12325, 375, 319, 545, 324, 375, 450, 459, 1092, 579, 375, 24347, 579, 375, 1005, 379, 14899, 6391, 29892, 3796, 408, 263, 4272, 11619, 297, 4886, 295, 515, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29906, 29955, 304, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29906, 29947, 29889, 940, 338, 5545, 697, 310, 278, 1556, 4100, 4824, 14722, 310, 670, 931, 13, 24115, 29880, 1102, 1389, 1025, 313, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29900, 29945, 29899, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29929, 1723, 13, 1279, 3660, 19915, 515, 4886, 295, 13, 9496, 295, 29901, 5566, 1295, 1080, 297, 278, 4038, 13, 12521, 8262, 631, 6291, 297, 11546, 305, 1160, 13, 1576, 8230, 629, 3027, 10708, 295, 24337, 29899, 29928, 420, 868, 24838, 338, 697, 310, 278, 1556, 4100, 1736, 310, 278, 26182, 6956, 951, 2994, 8262, 631, 29889, 13, 3868, 4240, 278, 6586, 297, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29945, 29900, 29879, 373, 278, 3268, 310, 278, 3517, 5214, 393, 471 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.11971	-0.279191	1.48939	-0.109665
Very interesting. Competition is a very good thing. It's rare for me to use more than 500MB of mobile data in a month, but the prospect of watching video while on the bus is tempting. The tethering limitation is a deal breaker for me though. While it's even rarer for me to tether something to my phone than it is to use more than 500MB of mobile data in a month, I can't justify making the jump (or 100% price increase compared to my current plan) with this limitation. If tethered data after 22GB were limited to 256k/256k or similar, I'd probably jump onto this plan. Look, I totally understand that they don't want people using gigs and gigs of data via tethering as there would be people that would abuse it (like using it for a home internet connection). But I would be happy pay their $5.99 for data share to a tablet and another $5 a month for up to 1 gig of hotspot/tethering. At the moment I am on a 7.5 gig data share account for $85 dollars. I also get 2 bonus gigs of data taking it up to 9.5gigs for $85. I never use that much, most i would have used is 4 or 5gigs but i like knowing that the data is there just in case. Now for $55 I can get 10gigs of rollover data and still share the data with my ipad for free on 2degrees and also can tether. Sure i miss the "free" spotify and cheap movie tickets (which is going at the end of this month anyway) but I also pay google $10 a month for youtube red with free play music. michaelmurfy: Skinny Direct also cut their unlimited plan to $79/mo. People will however complain about the little things still. Hotspot is not a little thing, its an important part of using a mobile for many people. It's also a killer deal for me. Interestingly I was discussing this with Jason Paris on Twitter and he clearly doesn't see it as an issue. Apparently the trial customers for the product had some tethering data. The irony is, my data usage tethering is likely less than untethered - it would mean I am using RDP to do work, which uses a tiny amount of data compared to watching an HD movie or even listening to Spotify. How do they technically restrict tethering ability? Yes also typically use tethering for RDP/Citrix type access. As mentioned, not sure that's really been considered. Spark advised a commitment to delivering a 'good experience' for those who use more than 22GB of data. So I would imagine you can still stream video etc but you might not see 20mbps speeds. My personal preference would be for Spark to officially include a tethering bundle like what Three UK do. I'd pick that could happen in the future - maybe that's what 2degrees bring to the table? I don't know if there's anything in a TCP packet other than the port number that would allow them to know it's data for a tethered device anyway. If based on port number then I guess they could look at ports that are not typically used by mobile devices... seems like a pretty bad way and people definitely use RDP from mobile devices. From their web site it looks like they might just guess on the basis of data volume. So tethering isn't actually disabled? I've been on plans with local US carriers on my iPhone where personal hotspot simply disappears. So Apple clearly gives a carrier the ability to turn it off. Have Spark done this? I think they can do that with locked in APNs. Enable developer mode (Go to Settings -> About phone, and click on the build number until the developer mode is enabled). The way this works is that usually tethering adds a step to the TTL of packets over the hotspot and the ISP can detect this. By changing this settings it makes traffic over the hotspot have the same TTL as from your phone so the ISP see's traffic as coming from the phone. I did this when I lived in the UK on Three which had unlimited data and only 15GB a month for tethering and tethered ~200GB a month (Three said I tethered 0GB on their portal	[ 18064, 8031, 29889, 24620, 654, 338, 263, 1407, 1781, 2655, 29889, 13, 3112, 29915, 29879, 10812, 363, 592, 304, 671, 901, 1135, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29900, 9486, 310, 10426, 848, 297, 263, 4098, 29892, 541, 278, 27289, 310, 21217, 4863, 1550, 373, 278, 3593, 338, 25782, 292, 29889, 13, 1576, 260, 1979, 292, 29485, 338, 263, 5376, 2867, 261, 363, 592, 2466, 29889, 5806, 372, 29915, 29879, 1584, 364, 279, 261, 363, 592, 304, 260, 1979, 1554, 304, 590, 9008, 1135, 372, 338, 304, 671, 901, 1135, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29900, 9486, 310, 10426, 848, 297, 263, 4098, 29892, 306, 508, 29915, 29873, 26922, 3907, 278, 12500, 313, 272, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 29995, 8666, 7910, 9401, 304, 590, 1857, 3814, 29897, 411, 445, 29485, 29889, 13, 3644, 260, 1979, 287, 848, 1156, 29871, 29906, 29906, 7210, 892, 9078, 304, 29871, 29906, 29945, 29953, 29895, 29914, 29906, 29945, 29953, 29895, 470, 2788, 29892, 306, 29915, 29881, 3117, 12500, 11480, 445, 3814, 29889, 13, 14959, 29892, 306, 14909, 2274, 393, 896, 1016, 29915, 29873, 864, 2305, 773, 19340, 29879, 322, 19340, 29879, 310, 848, 3025, 260, 1979, 292, 408, 727, 723, 367, 2305, 393, 723, 633, 1509, 372, 313, 4561, 773, 372, 363, 263, 3271, 8986, 3957, 467, 1205, 306, 723, 367, 9796, 5146, 1009, 395, 29945, 29889, 29929, 29929, 363, 848, 6232, 304, 263, 1591, 29873, 322, 1790, 395, 29945, 263, 4098, 363, 701, 304, 29871, 29896, 19340, 310, 7375, 17500, 29914, 29873, 1979, 292, 29889, 13, 4178, 278, 3256, 306, 626, 373, 263, 29871, 29955, 29889, 29945, 19340, 848, 6232, 3633, 363, 395, 29947, 29945, 17208, 29889, 306, 884, 679, 29871, 29906, 28920, 19340, 29879, 310, 848, 5622, 372, 701, 304, 29871, 29929, 29889, 29945, 29887, 23379, 363, 395, 29947, 29945, 29889, 306, 2360, 671, 393, 1568, 29892, 1556, 474, 723, 505, 1304, 338, 29871, 29946, 470, 29871, 29945, 29887, 23379, 541, 474, 763, 13797, 393, 278, 848, 338, 727, 925, 297, 1206, 29889, 13, 10454, 363, 395, 29945, 29945, 306, 508, 679, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29887, 23379, 310, 14467, 417, 369, 848, 322, 1603, 6232, 278, 848, 411, 590, 474, 8305, 363, 3889, 373, 29871, 29906, 311, 7979, 267, 322, 884, 508, 260, 1979, 29889, 18585, 474, 3052, 278, 376, 9021, 29908, 9758, 1598, 322, 28773, 14064, 16892, 1691, 313, 4716, 338, 2675, 472, 278, 1095, 310, 445, 4098, 8763, 29897, 541, 306, 884, 5146, 5386, 395, 29896, 29900, 263, 4098, 363, 366, 29873, 4003, 2654, 411, 3889, 1708, 4696, 29889, 13, 29885, 436, 4271, 29885, 332, 29888, 29891, 29901, 4971, 262, 1460, 8797, 884, 5700, 1009, 443, 29044, 3814, 304, 395, 29955, 29929, 29914, 4346, 29889, 11647, 674, 3138, 752, 7420, 1048, 278, 2217, 2712, 1603, 29889, 13, 28917, 17500, 338, 451, 263, 2217, 2655, 29892, 967, 385, 4100, 760, 310, 773, 263, 10426, 363, 1784, 2305, 29889, 13, 3112, 29915, 29879, 884, 263, 413, 5495, 5376, 363, 592, 29889, 23829, 11687, 306, 471, 5353, 292, 445, 411, 21776, 3681, 373, 20147, 322, 540, 9436, 1838, 29915, 29873, 1074, 372, 408, 385, 2228, 29889, 13, 2052, 279, 2705, 278, 14260, 20330, 363, 278, 3234, 750, 777, 260, 1979, 292, 848, 29889, 13, 1576, 3805, 2592, 338, 29892, 590, 848, 8744, 260, 1979, 292, 338, 5517, 3109, 1135, 443, 29873, 1979, 287, 448, 372, 723, 2099, 306, 626, 773, 390, 11191, 304, 437, 664, 29892, 607, 3913, 263, 21577, 5253, 310, 848, 9401, 304, 21217, 385, 18435, 14064, 470, 1584, 19866, 304, 1706, 327, 1598, 29889, 13, 5328, 437, 896, 5722, 1711, 9250, 260, 1979, 292, 11509, 29973, 13, 8241, 884, 12234, 671, 260, 1979, 292, 363, 390, 11191, 29914, 29907, 277, 2126, 1134, 2130, 29889, 1094, 5276, 29892, 451, 1854, 393, 29915, 29879, 2289, 1063, 5545, 29889, 13, 29903, 6378, 594, 11292, 263, 9063, 358, 304, 12021, 292, 263, 525, 16773, 7271, 29915, 363, 1906, 1058, 671, 901, 1135, 29871, 29906, 29906, 7210, 310, 848, 29889, 1105, 306, 723, 14034, 366, 508, 1603, 4840, 4863, 2992, 541, 366, 1795, 451, 1074, 29871, 29906, 29900, 8337, 567, 961, 5779, 29889, 13, 3421, 7333, 24583, 723, 367, 363, 20814, 304, 22444, 3160, 263, 260, 1979, 292, 11846, 763, 825, 12753, 10261, 437, 29889, 306, 29915, 29881, 5839, 393, 1033, 3799, 297, 278, 5434, 448, 5505, 393, 29915, 29879, 825, 29871, 29906, 311, 7979, 267, 6963, 304, 278, 1591, 29973, 13, 29902, 1016, 29915, 29873, 1073, 565, 727, 29915, 29879, 3099, 297, 263, 19374, 18203, 916, 1135, 278, 2011, 1353, 393, 723, 2758, 963, 304, 1073, 372, 29915, 29879, 848, 363, 263, 260, 1979, 287, 4742, 8763, 29889, 960, 2729, 373, 2011, 1353, 769, 306, 4140, 896, 1033, 1106, 472, 16169, 393, 526, 451, 12234, 1304, 491, 10426, 9224, 856, 2444, 763, 263, 5051, 4319, 982, 322, 2305, 11630, 671, 390, 11191, 515, 10426, 9224, 29889, 3645, 1009, 1856, 3268, 372, 3430, 763, 896, 1795, 925, 4140, 373, 278, 8405, 310, 848, 7977, 29889, 13, 6295, 260, 1979, 292, 3508, 29915, 29873, 2869, 12708, 29973, 306, 29915, 345, 1063, 373, 13900, 411, 1887, 3148, 19638, 414, 373, 590, 18483, 988, 7333, 7375, 17500, 3763, 8796, 15451, 29889, 1105, 12113, 9436, 4076, 263, 1559, 4336, 278, 11509, 304, 2507, 372, 1283, 29889, 6975, 20814, 2309, 445, 29973, 13, 29902, 1348, 896, 508, 437, 393, 411, 22822, 297, 12279, 29940, 29879, 29889, 13, 20701, 13897, 4464, 313, 8120, 304, 19215, 1599, 13611, 9008, 29892, 322, 2828, 373, 278, 2048, 1353, 2745, 278, 13897, 4464, 338, 9615, 467, 13, 1576, 982, 445, 1736, 338, 393, 5491, 260, 1979, 292, 12778, 263, 4331, 304, 278, 323, 14632, 310, 23912, 975, 278, 7375, 17500, 322, 278, 306, 5550, 508, 6459, 445, 29889, 2648, 6480, 445, 6055, 372, 3732, 12469, 975, 278, 7375, 17500, 505, 278, 1021, 323, 14632, 408, 515, 596, 9008, 577, 278, 306, 5550, 1074, 29915, 29879, 12469, 408, 6421, 515, 278, 9008, 29889, 13, 29902, 1258, 445, 746, 306, 10600, 297, 278, 10261, 373, 12753, 607, 750, 443, 29044, 848, 322, 871, 29871, 29896, 29945, 7210, 263, 4098, 363, 260, 1979, 292, 322, 260, 1979, 287, 3695, 29906, 29900, 29900, 7210, 263, 4098, 313, 28575, 1497, 306, 260, 1979, 287, 29871, 29900, 7210, 373, 1009, 25792 ]	1,024	C4	-0.75459	-0.887041	-0.762226	-0.737043
South Africa: Global and Historical Lessons On How Land Reforms Have Unfolded The Conversation (Johannesburg) analysis By Ben Cousins What can South Africa learn about land reforms from wider global and historical experiences in the 20th century? Most land reforms have involved transferring rights of ownership from wealthy landlords to poor, small-scale farmers working the land under various kinds of tenancy arrangements. These are often described as "land to the tiller" reforms. Much less common are redistributive reforms that resettle small farmers on large estates subdivided into smaller plots. Southern Africa, the Africa of "settler states", is something of an outlier in this respect. Changes in the distribution, character and legal status of rights to land and natural resources, as well as in the class character and productivity of the agrarian economy, have powerfully shaped the modern world. Land reform has played a central role in the transition from pre-capitalist forms of economy to capitalism. Before capitalism, classes of unproductive landed property dominated the countryside. Reform and revolution Two revolutionary convulsions, in Mexico in 1910 and in Russia in 1917, saw peasants play key roles in the overthrow of autocratic states. They were replaced by popular democracy in Mexico and socialism in Russia. In both cases the mass of the population was engaged in small-scale peasant farming. Power and wealth in the countryside were concentrated in the hands of a small landowning elite. Radical redistributive land reforms were driven "from below" and large areas of land were transferred to the rural poor. Subsequent developments in Mexico, however, saw the takeover of the agrarian economy by large-scale capital. The fate of the Russian peasantry was even more tragic. After the second world war, pressures for decolonisation and national liberation increased dramatically. European colonial powers had to give up their direct control of large areas of the world. Tensions between the capitalist West and the communist bloc led by the Soviet Union heightened - the Cold War period. In the former colonies, most people were still engaged in small-scale farming. Land reform featured strongly in many national liberation struggles, described by the anthropologist Eric Wolf as "peasant wars". It also formed a focus of post-independence policy. In most cases these were "land to the tiller"-type reforms. Large estates in Vietnam, Algeria and Cuba were collectivised by socialist governments. In China, land reform initially involved "land to the tiller". Collectivisation followed, and from 1978, in the Household Responsibility System, land ownership remained with the collective. Currently, of course, China is encouraging capitalist farming. In Japan, South Korea and Taiwan, agrarian reform helped to consolidate capitalism. It underwrote rapid industrialisation, with reforms driven from above by authoritarian states, backed by occupying United States forces. This was designed to pre-empt a turn to communism. Powerful landlords were expropriated and their land redistributed to tenants. Technological innovation raised productivity. But the capitalists ended up appropriating the agricultural surplus. This process was made possible by administered prices, taxation and supplies of cheap rural labour to emerging industries. The 1980s saw something of a hiatus. The "developmental state" gave way to neoliberal, market-oriented reforms. But in a few countries openings were created for radical reform. These included Nicaragua, El Salvador, Honduras, the Philippines and Zimbabwe. In the 1990s, large-scale peasant mobilisations took place in Indonesia and Honduras. From 1990, after the collapse of Soviet-style communism, the US and the World Bank promoted a "new wave" of land reform. This was a way to consolidate capitalist property relations. In southern Africa, for example, where redistributive land reform was necessary because of historical legacies, the advocates of "new wave" reform sought to avoid expropriation. They argued instead for policies based on "willing sellers and willing buyers". This influenced negotiated transitions and land reform policies in Zimbabwe, Namibia and South Africa. Since the 1980s and the rise of neoliberalism, many developing countries have strongly promoted large	[ 4275, 10557, 29901, 12002, 322, 20315, 27898, 787, 1551, 1128, 3172, 830, 9514, 6975, 853, 8771, 287, 13, 1576, 1281, 874, 362, 313, 29967, 1148, 22393, 3074, 29897, 13, 15916, 2648, 4111, 315, 681, 1144, 13, 5618, 508, 4275, 10557, 5110, 1048, 2982, 337, 9514, 515, 25734, 5534, 322, 15839, 27482, 297, 278, 29871, 29906, 29900, 386, 6462, 29973, 7849, 2982, 337, 9514, 505, 9701, 6782, 5393, 10462, 310, 27428, 515, 17173, 29891, 2982, 29880, 4339, 304, 6460, 29892, 2319, 29899, 7052, 2215, 13269, 1985, 278, 2982, 1090, 5164, 17690, 310, 3006, 6906, 15196, 4110, 29889, 4525, 526, 4049, 5439, 408, 376, 1049, 304, 278, 3428, 261, 29908, 337, 9514, 29889, 13, 29924, 987, 3109, 3619, 526, 2654, 391, 1091, 11067, 337, 9514, 393, 620, 1803, 280, 2319, 2215, 13269, 373, 2919, 707, 1078, 1014, 4563, 2618, 964, 7968, 24580, 29889, 14234, 10557, 29892, 278, 10557, 310, 376, 9915, 1358, 5922, 613, 338, 1554, 310, 385, 714, 4926, 297, 445, 3390, 29889, 13, 21459, 297, 278, 4978, 29892, 2931, 322, 11706, 4660, 310, 10462, 304, 2982, 322, 5613, 7788, 29892, 408, 1532, 408, 297, 278, 770, 2931, 322, 3234, 2068, 310, 278, 9221, 13956, 26504, 29892, 505, 3081, 3730, 528, 10501, 278, 5400, 3186, 29889, 3172, 11736, 756, 5318, 263, 6555, 6297, 297, 278, 9558, 515, 758, 29899, 5030, 2410, 391, 7190, 310, 26504, 304, 7483, 1608, 29889, 10949, 7483, 1608, 29892, 4413, 310, 443, 4704, 573, 2982, 287, 2875, 8022, 630, 278, 2613, 509, 952, 680, 29889, 13, 1123, 689, 322, 19479, 13, 13985, 19479, 653, 7602, 7273, 1080, 29892, 297, 12568, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29896, 29900, 322, 297, 12710, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29896, 29955, 29892, 4446, 1236, 294, 1934, 1708, 1820, 16178, 297, 278, 975, 20539, 310, 1120, 8415, 2454, 5922, 29889, 2688, 892, 8611, 491, 5972, 1261, 25804, 297, 12568, 322, 5264, 1608, 297, 12710, 29889, 512, 1716, 4251, 278, 4158, 310, 278, 4665, 471, 17785, 297, 2319, 29899, 7052, 1236, 13186, 2215, 4056, 29889, 13, 21472, 322, 17173, 297, 278, 2613, 509, 952, 680, 892, 14953, 630, 297, 278, 6567, 310, 263, 2319, 2982, 776, 292, 560, 568, 29889, 4957, 936, 2654, 391, 1091, 11067, 2982, 337, 9514, 892, 18225, 376, 3166, 2400, 29908, 322, 2919, 10161, 310, 2982, 892, 18440, 304, 278, 17692, 6460, 29889, 3323, 6831, 296, 2693, 1860, 297, 12568, 29892, 3138, 29892, 4446, 278, 2125, 957, 310, 278, 9221, 13956, 26504, 491, 2919, 29899, 7052, 7483, 29889, 450, 23779, 310, 278, 10637, 1236, 13186, 719, 471, 1584, 901, 25305, 293, 29889, 13, 13555, 278, 1473, 3186, 1370, 29892, 3965, 1973, 363, 316, 17308, 4371, 322, 4797, 7866, 362, 11664, 8541, 19574, 29889, 7824, 25539, 10801, 750, 304, 2367, 701, 1009, 1513, 2761, 310, 2919, 10161, 310, 278, 3186, 29889, 323, 5580, 1546, 278, 7483, 391, 3122, 322, 278, 3817, 391, 289, 2029, 5331, 491, 278, 15308, 7761, 3171, 6419, 448, 278, 26731, 3362, 3785, 29889, 13, 797, 278, 4642, 8104, 583, 29892, 1556, 2305, 892, 1603, 17785, 297, 2319, 29899, 7052, 2215, 4056, 29889, 3172, 11736, 15000, 13818, 297, 1784, 4797, 7866, 362, 10205, 793, 29892, 5439, 491, 278, 24612, 1336, 19915, 14713, 10441, 408, 376, 412, 13186, 29129, 1642, 739, 884, 8429, 263, 8569, 310, 1400, 29899, 262, 2716, 355, 663, 8898, 29889, 512, 1556, 4251, 1438, 892, 376, 1049, 304, 278, 3428, 261, 29908, 29899, 1853, 337, 9514, 29889, 8218, 479, 707, 1078, 297, 18444, 29892, 838, 914, 423, 322, 23653, 892, 6314, 440, 3368, 491, 5264, 391, 4095, 1860, 29889, 13, 797, 7551, 29892, 2982, 11736, 12919, 9701, 376, 1049, 304, 278, 3428, 261, 1642, 24930, 440, 4371, 5643, 29892, 322, 515, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29947, 29892, 297, 278, 5619, 8948, 2538, 29886, 787, 4127, 2184, 29892, 2982, 27428, 9488, 411, 278, 6314, 573, 29889, 15447, 29892, 310, 3236, 29892, 7551, 338, 18443, 292, 7483, 391, 2215, 4056, 29889, 13, 797, 5546, 29892, 4275, 19109, 322, 27807, 29892, 9221, 13956, 11736, 9213, 304, 1136, 17211, 403, 7483, 1608, 29889, 739, 1090, 29893, 4859, 10952, 18408, 4371, 29892, 411, 337, 9514, 18225, 515, 2038, 491, 4148, 3673, 713, 5922, 29892, 1250, 287, 491, 6919, 5414, 3303, 3900, 8249, 29889, 910, 471, 8688, 304, 758, 29899, 3456, 263, 2507, 304, 3817, 1608, 29889, 9206, 1319, 2982, 29880, 4339, 892, 429, 7728, 374, 630, 322, 1009, 2982, 2654, 391, 7541, 304, 3006, 1934, 29889, 8364, 5996, 24233, 362, 10425, 3234, 2068, 29889, 13, 6246, 278, 7483, 2879, 9698, 701, 7128, 1218, 278, 18032, 3631, 1190, 11242, 29889, 910, 1889, 471, 1754, 1950, 491, 4113, 1531, 287, 26094, 29892, 8818, 362, 322, 28075, 310, 28773, 17692, 23390, 304, 11176, 3460, 6397, 2722, 29889, 13, 1576, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29900, 29879, 4446, 1554, 310, 263, 7251, 2389, 29889, 450, 376, 25431, 284, 2106, 29908, 4846, 982, 304, 452, 5079, 495, 284, 29892, 9999, 29899, 12236, 287, 337, 9514, 29889, 1205, 297, 263, 2846, 10916, 1722, 886, 892, 2825, 363, 24818, 11736, 29889, 4525, 5134, 13656, 279, 29296, 29892, 1260, 22194, 29892, 379, 898, 10939, 29892, 278, 26260, 322, 796, 19977, 370, 705, 29889, 512, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29900, 29879, 29892, 2919, 29899, 7052, 1236, 13186, 27227, 275, 800, 3614, 2058, 297, 16704, 423, 322, 379, 898, 10939, 29889, 13, 4591, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29900, 29892, 1156, 278, 24382, 310, 15308, 29899, 3293, 3817, 1608, 29892, 278, 3148, 322, 278, 2787, 10253, 21201, 263, 376, 1482, 10742, 29908, 310, 2982, 11736, 29889, 910, 471, 263, 982, 304, 1136, 17211, 403, 7483, 391, 2875, 5302, 29889, 13, 797, 14841, 10557, 29892, 363, 1342, 29892, 988, 2654, 391, 1091, 11067, 2982, 11736, 471, 5181, 1363, 310, 15839, 2814, 29874, 2478, 29892, 278, 22545, 1078, 310, 376, 1482, 10742, 29908, 11736, 18365, 304, 4772, 429, 7728, 374, 362, 29889, 2688, 28705, 2012, 363, 24833, 2729, 373, 376, 29893, 8873, 19417, 414, 322, 17762, 15649, 414, 1642, 910, 28482, 27214, 630, 1301, 2187, 322, 2982, 11736, 24833, 297, 796, 19977, 370, 705, 29892, 13041, 747, 423, 322, 4275, 10557, 29889, 13, 23036, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29900, 29879, 322, 278, 14451, 310, 452, 5079, 495, 284, 1608, 29892, 1784, 14338, 10916, 505, 13818, 21201, 2919 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.128334	1.371104	2.016597	1.913506
-scale, commercial and export-oriented farming. With capitalism now hegemonic, the terrain on which land reform takes place has been dramatically altered. But these shifts haven't been uncontested. Global social movements such as Via Campesina, the "way of the peasant", have emerged to resist neoliberal-style reform. They urge redistribution of land to the poor. At the same time, new issues loom large within debates on land reform. Gender equity and claims to resources by indigenous peoples are two. They also include the unequal and often unhealthy character of global agro-food systems, and environmental sustainability. Comparing these experiences, what can we conclude? It seems to me that South Africa's land reform is pre-eminently driven by the state. But the state has been captured by elite interests. Nevertheless, in some cases land reform has been followed by significant reductions of rural poverty. Land reform has also resulted in increased productivity, output and income. These changes have made a significant contribution to development more generally. There have also been many disappointing outcomes. These include little or no reduction in rural poverty. And the benefits of reform have in some cases been captured by the relatively wealthy. Sign up for free AllAfrica Newsletters Get the latest in African news delivered straight to your inbox Top Headlines South Africa Land and Rural Issues By submitting above, you agree to our privacy policy. To complete the process, please follow the instructions in the email we just sent you. There was a problem processing your submission. Please try again later. Class bias and elite capture Land reform in South Africa, Zimbabwe, Namibia, and Mozambique is quite distinctive in some ways, and typical in others. It is distinctive in its focus on breaking up large and productive farms. It is somewhat muted in rural struggles and hence its state-driven character, with Zimbabwe as a partial exception. It is also muted in its ambitions to undertake both redistribution and tenure reform on a large scale. South Africa has the added complication of restitution. Land reform in southern Africa is not at all distinctive in the fate of land reform being closely tied to shifts in wider political economy. Hence the class bias and elite capture. Neither is it distinctive in its turn away from small-scale farmers towards large-scale capitalist agriculture. Again, in this Zimbabwe is unique. The bigger unresolved issue of land reform in the 21st century is the need to confront the overwhelming threat of ecological collapse. South Africa's rural reforms have not yet done so. Asking questions about how to address this challenge is an urgent task. This is an extract from a recent lecture delivered by Professor Cousins at the University of the Western Cape. Ben Cousins, Professor, Poverty, Land and Agrarian Studies, University of the Western Cape This article is republished from The Conversation Africa under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article. Copyright © 2019 The Conversation. All rights reserved. Distributed by AllAfrica Global Media (allAfrica.com). To contact the copyright holder directly for corrections — or for permission to republish or make other authorized use of this material, click here. Late Business Icon Richard Maponya Remembered in South Africa Matric Results Anticipation Hits Fever Pitch in South Africa More From: The Conversation Africa South Africa: Finding Answers to What Makes - or Breaks - Young Cricketers South Africa: What's Behind Violence - a Sociologist's Perspective South Africa: Human Gene Editing - Who Decides the Rules? Southern Africa: How We Deduced That Our Ancestors Liked Roast Vegetables Too South Africa: Leadership Needed to Fight Violence to Children Gambia: Why Plea for the Rohingya Matters for International Justice Zimbabwe: How Politics and Poverty Affect Electricity Provision Uganda: We Don't Know How Many Mountain Gorillas Live in the Wild. Here's Why Africa: Preventing TB - a Big Drug Price Cut Paves the Way for Global Scale-Up East Africa: In the Future There Will Be More Rain, but Less Water, in the Nile Basin South Africa: Antib	[ 29899, 7052, 29892, 12128, 322, 5609, 29899, 12236, 287, 2215, 4056, 29889, 2973, 7483, 1608, 1286, 298, 387, 331, 8927, 29892, 278, 28439, 373, 607, 2982, 11736, 4893, 2058, 756, 1063, 8541, 19574, 10551, 287, 29889, 13, 6246, 1438, 528, 17741, 7359, 29915, 29873, 1063, 443, 1285, 2868, 29889, 12002, 5264, 24147, 1316, 408, 23306, 7259, 267, 1099, 29892, 278, 376, 1582, 310, 278, 1236, 13186, 613, 505, 11176, 3192, 304, 9241, 452, 5079, 495, 284, 29899, 3293, 11736, 29889, 2688, 5065, 479, 2654, 391, 3224, 310, 2982, 304, 278, 6460, 29889, 13, 4178, 278, 1021, 931, 29892, 716, 5626, 658, 290, 2919, 2629, 2553, 1078, 373, 2982, 11736, 29889, 402, 1581, 1592, 537, 322, 16726, 304, 7788, 491, 1399, 2101, 681, 1236, 459, 793, 526, 1023, 29889, 2688, 884, 3160, 278, 1597, 15380, 322, 4049, 443, 354, 4298, 29891, 2931, 310, 5534, 946, 307, 29899, 1181, 397, 6757, 29892, 322, 29380, 15075, 475, 3097, 29889, 13, 1523, 862, 292, 1438, 27482, 29892, 825, 508, 591, 17668, 29973, 13, 3112, 2444, 304, 592, 393, 4275, 10557, 29915, 29879, 2982, 11736, 338, 758, 29899, 331, 262, 2705, 18225, 491, 278, 2106, 29889, 1205, 278, 2106, 756, 1063, 15468, 491, 560, 568, 20017, 29889, 13, 29940, 1310, 16561, 29892, 297, 777, 4251, 2982, 11736, 756, 1063, 5643, 491, 7282, 3724, 1953, 310, 17692, 25273, 1017, 29889, 3172, 11736, 756, 884, 20601, 297, 11664, 3234, 2068, 29892, 1962, 322, 17869, 29889, 4525, 3620, 505, 1754, 263, 7282, 11896, 304, 5849, 901, 6892, 29889, 13, 8439, 505, 884, 1063, 1784, 23451, 292, 714, 26807, 29889, 4525, 3160, 2217, 470, 694, 20376, 297, 17692, 25273, 1017, 29889, 1126, 278, 23633, 310, 11736, 505, 297, 777, 4251, 1063, 15468, 491, 278, 13774, 17173, 29891, 29889, 13, 10140, 701, 363, 3889, 2178, 29909, 18961, 10130, 1026, 2153, 13, 2577, 278, 9281, 297, 11715, 9763, 20115, 7812, 304, 596, 297, 1884, 13, 7031, 12252, 9012, 4275, 10557, 3172, 322, 390, 3631, 16982, 1041, 13, 2059, 11834, 5367, 2038, 29892, 366, 8661, 304, 1749, 5999, 4135, 8898, 29889, 13, 1762, 4866, 278, 1889, 29892, 3113, 1101, 278, 11994, 297, 278, 4876, 591, 925, 2665, 366, 29889, 13, 8439, 471, 263, 1108, 9068, 596, 29240, 29889, 3529, 1018, 1449, 2678, 29889, 13, 2385, 24003, 322, 560, 568, 10446, 13, 22677, 11736, 297, 4275, 10557, 29892, 796, 19977, 370, 705, 29892, 13041, 747, 423, 29892, 322, 18129, 1117, 1387, 338, 3755, 8359, 573, 297, 777, 5837, 29892, 322, 15662, 297, 4045, 29889, 739, 338, 8359, 573, 297, 967, 8569, 373, 16679, 701, 2919, 322, 3234, 573, 2215, 1516, 29889, 739, 338, 10579, 286, 3860, 297, 17692, 10205, 793, 322, 8151, 967, 2106, 29899, 24477, 854, 2931, 29892, 411, 796, 19977, 370, 705, 408, 263, 7687, 3682, 29889, 739, 338, 884, 286, 3860, 297, 967, 3181, 2187, 304, 22332, 1296, 1716, 2654, 391, 3224, 322, 3006, 545, 11736, 373, 263, 2919, 6287, 29889, 4275, 10557, 756, 278, 2715, 752, 1414, 310, 1791, 5008, 29889, 13, 22677, 11736, 297, 14841, 10557, 338, 451, 472, 599, 8359, 573, 297, 278, 23779, 310, 2982, 11736, 1641, 16467, 21351, 304, 528, 17741, 297, 25734, 8604, 26504, 29889, 10133, 278, 770, 24003, 322, 560, 568, 10446, 29889, 2448, 2121, 338, 372, 8359, 573, 297, 967, 2507, 3448, 515, 2319, 29899, 7052, 2215, 13269, 7113, 2919, 29899, 7052, 7483, 391, 18032, 545, 29889, 11454, 29892, 297, 445, 796, 19977, 370, 705, 338, 5412, 29889, 13, 1576, 16600, 443, 9778, 1490, 2228, 310, 2982, 11736, 297, 278, 29871, 29906, 29896, 303, 6462, 338, 278, 817, 304, 21751, 278, 975, 1332, 295, 4056, 28469, 310, 321, 21553, 936, 24382, 29889, 4275, 10557, 29915, 29879, 17692, 337, 9514, 505, 451, 3447, 2309, 577, 29889, 26579, 292, 5155, 1048, 920, 304, 3211, 445, 18766, 338, 385, 5065, 5362, 3414, 29889, 13, 4013, 338, 385, 6597, 515, 263, 7786, 29197, 20115, 491, 11386, 315, 681, 1144, 472, 278, 3014, 310, 278, 10504, 20922, 29889, 13, 20841, 315, 681, 1144, 29892, 11386, 29892, 349, 957, 1017, 29892, 3172, 322, 16503, 13956, 16972, 29892, 3014, 310, 278, 10504, 20922, 13, 4013, 4274, 338, 23465, 3726, 515, 450, 1281, 874, 362, 10557, 1090, 263, 26635, 3468, 19405, 29889, 7523, 278, 2441, 4274, 29889, 13, 11882, 1266, 29871, 30211, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29929, 450, 1281, 874, 362, 29889, 2178, 10462, 21676, 29889, 6652, 7541, 491, 2178, 29909, 18961, 12002, 8213, 313, 497, 29909, 18961, 29889, 510, 467, 1763, 6958, 278, 3509, 1266, 19464, 4153, 363, 14515, 1953, 813, 470, 363, 10751, 304, 23465, 1674, 470, 1207, 916, 4148, 1891, 671, 310, 445, 5518, 29892, 2828, 1244, 29889, 13, 29931, 403, 15197, 26816, 6123, 7315, 2592, 29874, 22738, 287, 297, 4275, 10557, 13, 9782, 2200, 17212, 5459, 12654, 362, 379, 1169, 383, 1310, 349, 2335, 297, 4275, 10557, 13, 20761, 3645, 29901, 450, 1281, 874, 362, 10557, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 383, 4015, 530, 5956, 304, 1724, 341, 6926, 448, 470, 5826, 10327, 448, 10443, 6781, 860, 2699, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 1724, 29915, 29879, 1522, 16887, 10630, 324, 663, 448, 263, 5329, 19915, 29915, 29879, 9034, 12645, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 12968, 15350, 7641, 292, 448, 11644, 3826, 2247, 278, 390, 2540, 29973, 13, 29903, 283, 5063, 10557, 29901, 1128, 1334, 360, 6085, 1133, 2193, 8680, 530, 29883, 342, 943, 365, 638, 287, 1528, 579, 17236, 300, 1849, 1763, 29877, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 951, 328, 10475, 2448, 19226, 304, 26650, 10630, 324, 663, 304, 20986, 13, 29954, 1117, 423, 29901, 3750, 19777, 29874, 363, 278, 390, 1148, 292, 3761, 5345, 2153, 363, 4623, 17181, 13, 29999, 19977, 370, 705, 29901, 1128, 6934, 1199, 322, 349, 957, 1017, 319, 7161, 26953, 537, 1019, 4924, 13, 29965, 29887, 5863, 29901, 1334, 3872, 29915, 29873, 19320, 1128, 9267, 18204, 18686, 21338, 10782, 297, 278, 11821, 29889, 2266, 29915, 29879, 3750, 13, 29909, 18961, 29901, 4721, 794, 292, 323, 29933, 448, 263, 7997, 360, 11124, 20743, 315, 329, 349, 5989, 278, 5307, 363, 12002, 2522, 744, 29899, 3373, 13, 29923, 579, 10557, 29901, 512, 278, 16367, 1670, 2811, 1522, 5853, 21431, 29892, 541, 27898, 13062, 29892, 297, 278, 405, 488, 4886, 262, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 5459, 747 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.852552	0.826035	0.67706	1.167229
ody Technologies Take a Step Closer to Precision Medicine Uganda: How Music Helps Us Understand Displaced Communities Ghana: Unpacking the Role of Religious Counselling Services in Ghana Africa: New Estimates Show 14.8 Million Children Globally Are HIV-Exposed but Uninfected South Africa: Ramaphosa Fails to Show Leadership As Difficult and Decisive Year Looms South Africa: Why This Academic Got a Radio Ad Banned Nigeria: How the Nigerian and Kenyan Media Handled Cambridge Analytica South Africa: South Africa Has Huge 'Green Fuels' Potential but It Needs to Act Now South Africa: Student Success Is About More Than Hard Work South Africa: ANC's Anniversary Statement - Damp Squib or New Benchmark for South Africa? South Africa: Why South Africa's Declining Maths Performance Is a Worry Ghana: Ghana's Mining Communities Are Still Not Getting Their Just Dues Africa: Progress in Rolling Out of National Power Grids Has Stalled Africa: Diversifying Approaches to Conserving Nature South Africa: South Africa Steps Up Its Game to End Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Africa: How Some Corporations Can Have Positive Impact in Communities Mauritius: Why Very Few Women Go Into Politics in Mauritius Nigeria: Why the Outlook for Fixing Energy Crisis Isn't Good Nigeria: We Asked Students About Transactional Sex On Campus Africa: Africa's Genetic Material Is Still Being Misused Zimbabwe: Mugabe's Nephew Zhuwao Takes Minister Shiri to Court Over Farm Zimbabwe: Mugabe's Nephew Kicked Out Off Farm By Minister Shiri South Africa: The Land Bill Is a Curate's Egg and, Right Now, It's a Bit Scrambled Tanzania: Biharamulo Couple Murdered Over Land Dispute Rwanda: Govt to Repossess Idle Farms in Eastern Province Zimbabwe: Plot-Holders in Quandary As Mushandike Dam Dries Up Namibia: Outapi Land Turned Into Informal Settlement Seychelles: Limited Land, Technical Support for Farmers in Seychelles Limits Agricultural Output, Official Says Zimbabwe: Bulawayo City Council Bans Tombstones Kenya: Nigerian Rapper Blaqbonez Hits Back at Khaligraph With His Own Disstrack(Nairobi News) Uganda: Bobi Wine Changes Tactics(Monitor) Kenya: Djs in Diaspora Condemn Shooting of Colleague in Nairobi(Nation) East Africa: Rwandan Soaps Top Watch List(East African) Ghana: Rapper Maccasio Holds Historic Album Launch in Tamale(Ghanaian Times) Ghana: Musiga Schooled Members On Royalty Payment(Ghanaian Times) Zimbabwe: Artistes Snub Music Awards(The Herald) Kenya: Performers Condemn Shooting of DJ at B-Club(Nairobi News) Liberia: Lappa Fashion Night Out Set for Jan. 18(Observer) Zimbabwe: Music Awards Nominees Announced(The Herald) South Africa: State Nuclear Energy Body Without a Board After Members Resign(Govt of SA) Tanzania: Natural Gas Plan Draft Finalised(Daily News) South Africa: Power System Stabilising(SAnews.gov.za) Africa: Sustainable Bioenergy Use - a Clear Path to Biodiversity and Sustainable Economic Development(UNEP) Zimbabwe: Sakubva Residents Petition Council Over Power Black Out(263Chat) Nigeria: Electricity Grid Records System Collapse(Daily Trust) Sudan: Sudan, Poland Reviews Means of Cooperation in Energy Fields(SNA) Sudan: Minister of Energy Meets Malaysian Ambassador(SNA) South Africa: Renewables Vs Coal - Timeline of a Fatally Rigged Fight	[ 1486, 8364, 11763, 11190, 263, 16696, 2233, 22969, 304, 349, 3757, 2459, 27529, 13, 29965, 29887, 5863, 29901, 1128, 6125, 6162, 567, 10783, 7634, 1689, 3295, 13974, 1133, 20473, 1907, 13, 29954, 29882, 1648, 29901, 853, 4058, 292, 278, 1528, 280, 310, 16221, 2738, 6237, 29879, 7807, 15538, 297, 13491, 1648, 13, 29909, 18961, 29901, 1570, 2661, 326, 1078, 7704, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29889, 29947, 8649, 291, 20986, 402, 2127, 635, 4683, 379, 5667, 29899, 1252, 4752, 541, 853, 262, 3647, 287, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 8292, 12451, 3628, 383, 2234, 304, 7704, 951, 328, 10475, 1094, 360, 2593, 3953, 322, 3826, 275, 573, 8905, 4309, 4835, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 3750, 910, 16146, 293, 15992, 263, 9204, 2087, 350, 11310, 13, 29940, 4087, 423, 29901, 1128, 278, 20537, 713, 322, 10015, 10094, 8213, 5166, 839, 12585, 11597, 3637, 983, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 4275, 10557, 11699, 379, 5710, 525, 24599, 11871, 1379, 29915, 10173, 2556, 541, 739, 2448, 5779, 304, 3185, 2567, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 15740, 21397, 1317, 13611, 5853, 498, 273, 10999, 5244, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 13764, 29907, 29915, 29879, 530, 1240, 27547, 6666, 882, 448, 360, 1160, 317, 339, 747, 470, 1570, 4111, 16580, 363, 4275, 10557, 29973, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 3750, 4275, 10557, 29915, 29879, 3826, 1915, 292, 5792, 29879, 23768, 1317, 263, 399, 3818, 13, 29954, 29882, 1648, 29901, 13491, 1648, 29915, 29879, 341, 2827, 20473, 1907, 4683, 12074, 2216, 24162, 11275, 3387, 360, 1041, 13, 29909, 18961, 29901, 20018, 297, 8731, 1847, 4451, 310, 3086, 9206, 1632, 4841, 11699, 624, 4212, 13, 29909, 18961, 29901, 360, 1536, 9215, 28268, 14520, 304, 1281, 643, 1747, 17677, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 4275, 10557, 2443, 567, 5020, 8011, 8448, 304, 2796, 21869, 29899, 517, 29899, 5938, 4103, 6737, 310, 379, 5667, 13, 29909, 18961, 29901, 1128, 3834, 12767, 800, 1815, 6975, 10321, 3321, 14305, 627, 297, 20473, 1907, 13, 29924, 6698, 277, 2482, 29901, 3750, 18064, 383, 809, 10152, 2921, 512, 517, 6934, 1199, 297, 11475, 277, 2482, 13, 29940, 4087, 423, 29901, 3750, 278, 4451, 6914, 363, 24778, 292, 24836, 29524, 275, 29489, 29915, 29873, 7197, 13, 29940, 4087, 423, 29901, 1334, 26579, 287, 5088, 1237, 13611, 4103, 2467, 284, 21703, 1551, 7259, 375, 13, 29909, 18961, 29901, 10557, 29915, 29879, 5739, 7492, 17582, 1317, 12074, 28265, 20929, 3880, 13, 29999, 19977, 370, 705, 29901, 341, 688, 4302, 29915, 29879, 22806, 13636, 796, 6905, 2766, 29877, 323, 6926, 7668, 1383, 12737, 304, 9245, 6811, 23354, 13, 29999, 19977, 370, 705, 29901, 341, 688, 4302, 29915, 29879, 22806, 13636, 476, 17840, 4451, 5947, 23354, 2648, 7668, 1383, 12737, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 450, 3172, 6682, 1317, 263, 10837, 403, 29915, 29879, 382, 1505, 322, 29892, 10428, 2567, 29892, 739, 29915, 29879, 263, 18531, 2522, 2572, 27225, 13, 29911, 4096, 4807, 29901, 3457, 8222, 314, 7207, 19565, 552, 7487, 672, 287, 6811, 3172, 3295, 649, 29872, 13, 29934, 29893, 5863, 29901, 402, 586, 29873, 304, 830, 28802, 404, 5163, 280, 8413, 1516, 297, 16162, 17325, 13, 29999, 19977, 370, 705, 29901, 18399, 29899, 29144, 414, 297, 751, 392, 653, 1094, 341, 1878, 392, 9345, 9865, 360, 2722, 5020, 13, 29940, 314, 747, 423, 29901, 4451, 2754, 3172, 9603, 287, 512, 517, 15162, 284, 317, 1803, 944, 13, 29903, 1032, 305, 4999, 29901, 28873, 3172, 29892, 8364, 936, 18601, 363, 23354, 414, 297, 922, 3376, 4999, 9628, 1169, 27051, 3631, 10604, 29892, 10564, 317, 1036, 13, 29999, 19977, 370, 705, 29901, 8313, 21694, 29877, 4412, 8831, 350, 550, 323, 3424, 303, 2873, 13, 29968, 264, 3761, 29901, 20537, 713, 390, 23239, 10465, 29939, 15933, 29920, 379, 1169, 7437, 472, 476, 4077, 335, 1140, 2973, 3600, 438, 1233, 3295, 4151, 384, 29898, 29940, 26025, 5365, 10130, 29897, 13, 29965, 29887, 5863, 29901, 7991, 29875, 399, 457, 678, 6916, 323, 627, 1199, 29898, 7185, 2105, 29897, 13, 29968, 264, 3761, 29901, 360, 1315, 297, 360, 3173, 1971, 29874, 1281, 2310, 29876, 17550, 11427, 310, 1530, 280, 3437, 297, 405, 26025, 5365, 29898, 29940, 362, 29897, 13, 29923, 579, 10557, 29901, 390, 18622, 273, 1105, 2547, 7488, 24274, 2391, 29898, 29923, 579, 11715, 29897, 13, 29954, 29882, 1648, 29901, 390, 23239, 4326, 9398, 601, 379, 3361, 17939, 10217, 997, 3322, 297, 16939, 744, 29898, 29954, 29882, 1648, 713, 10277, 29897, 13, 29954, 29882, 1648, 29901, 3077, 4324, 1102, 3634, 839, 341, 13415, 1551, 7021, 1017, 14617, 358, 29898, 29954, 29882, 1648, 713, 10277, 29897, 13, 29999, 19977, 370, 705, 29901, 3012, 9230, 22639, 431, 6125, 9220, 29898, 1576, 2439, 2741, 29897, 13, 29968, 264, 3761, 29901, 27313, 414, 1281, 2310, 29876, 17550, 11427, 310, 23366, 472, 350, 29899, 6821, 431, 29898, 29940, 26025, 5365, 10130, 29897, 13, 29931, 12347, 423, 29901, 365, 8055, 383, 10904, 11554, 4451, 3789, 363, 2627, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29898, 28066, 29897, 13, 29999, 19977, 370, 705, 29901, 6125, 9220, 20583, 457, 267, 8081, 20979, 29898, 1576, 2439, 2741, 29897, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 4306, 405, 1682, 1945, 24836, 24928, 13932, 263, 12590, 2860, 341, 13415, 2538, 647, 29898, 29954, 586, 29873, 310, 16698, 29897, 13, 29911, 4096, 4807, 29901, 18385, 19141, 8402, 360, 4154, 9550, 3368, 29898, 29928, 8683, 10130, 29897, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 9206, 2184, 624, 4427, 5921, 29898, 8132, 15753, 29889, 13513, 29889, 1362, 29897, 13, 29909, 18961, 29901, 317, 504, 475, 519, 21184, 27548, 4803, 448, 263, 17732, 10802, 304, 350, 2660, 24974, 322, 317, 504, 475, 519, 12884, 293, 14650, 29898, 3904, 15488, 29897, 13, 29999, 19977, 370, 705, 29901, 19736, 431, 1564, 2538, 16719, 5879, 654, 8831, 6811, 9206, 6054, 4451, 29898, 29906, 29953, 29941, 1451, 271, 29897, 13, 29940, 4087, 423, 29901, 26953, 537, 11657, 7983, 2184, 1530, 13938, 29898, 29928, 8683, 20692, 29897, 13, 29903, 566, 273, 29901, 8383, 273, 29892, 18898, 830, 7406, 2191, 550, 310, 3189, 16453, 297, 24836, 8989, 29879, 29898, 29903, 3521, 29897, 13, 29903, 566, 273, 29901, 7668, 310, 24836, 2191, 1691, 26417, 713, 15145, 28760, 29898, 29903, 3521, 29897, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 7493, 809, 1849, 478, 29879, 3189, 284, 448, 7870, 5570, 310, 263, 383, 271, 635, 390, 335, 3192, 26650 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.793987	-0.677774	0.926318	-0.248801
Homecooked competition serves the ultimate friendship Print Sports June 7, 2011, 12:02 p.m. \| By Eliza Wapner \| 8 years, 7 months ago Ultimate Frisbee teaches Blair students unconventional and important lessons. Sophomore Puck Bregstone leaps to snatch a Frisbee out of the air. As he catches the disc, he lands hard on the ground, accidentally pushing a member from the opposing team down. The time is stopped, not by a referee, but by the players. Bregstone is part of Blair's Ultimate Frisbee team, Homecooked. Ultimate is a sport that involves throwing and catching a disc, combining aspects of basketball, soccer and football in a fast-paced game of teamwork. But although the game has a defined set of rules, on the field play is self-officiated, meaning that there are no referees and team members are expected to uphold only the "spirit of the game." The players make all calls and by the standards of this "spirit of the game" philosophy they are required to be fair and uphold the sincerity of the game. The Washington Area Frisbee Club (WAFC) defines this unique code of conduct as a set of rules that relies on "sportsmanship that places responsibility for fair play on the player." According to WAFC this dedication to the integrity of the game is what really sets Frisbee apart from mainstream sports. The tricks of the trade In Ultimate, the objective is to get the Frisbee in the end zone. After the frisbee is caught, the player can only move up to three steps before passing the disc to another player. The main strategy of Ultimate is to set up a "stack" or a line of players down the field that helps players reach the end zone to score. According to the New York Times, Ultimate Frisbee was invented by the hippies of the 1960's as an anti-sport that harbored a congenial mind-set; no referees, no previous experience and no intense contact. In 1979 an organization called USA Ultimate was created to regulate national tournaments and leagues. Since then the sport has continued to grow to include college and high school students. In fact, in the past year youth Frisbee has taken the US National Governing Body For the Sport of Ultimate (USA Ultimate) by surprise as the number of student members in the organization surpassed the number of adult and college members. The growth in youth Frisbee has seen new leagues and players participating, including the WAFC Washington, D.C. area league that Homecooked plays in. Photo: Sophomore Luke Shoppert gives the frisbee a toss during a Homecooked Ultimate practice. The team practices regularly at Blair. Three years ago, Kris Gill, former president of WAFC moved to Takoma Park and wanted to get involved with the community by teaching Ultimate. She became the coach of Homecooked and has come every Wednesday since to practice with the team and teach them more advanced skills. Junior co-captain Marcus Clarke praises Gill for her belief in the team. "She's very supportive of the team," he says, "she never puts us down." This support translates into success. This season, Homecooked stands with a record of two and four. They beat Paint Branch's fairly new team and lost to Sidwell Friend School's established and school funded team. Gill predicts that as the years go on, the team will continue to improve. She credits this to a strong core of underclassmen team members. According to Andy Lee, director of manufacturing and communications at USA Ultimate, the sense of responsibility and teamwork is a mind-set that boosts morale, which in turn attracts people to the game. Lee says that this is one of the primary reasons for Ultimate's growing popularity. "It's one of the underlying principles of Ultimate that teaches sportsmanship, honesty and integrity which appeals to kids and parents," he says. "There is a great life lesson that is taught through the game." According to Gill, this mind-set leads to player's respect towards their own teammates and the players on the opposing team. "You become friends off the field [with your teammates] because of spirit of the game," says Gill	[ 8778, 1111, 12504, 13888, 19700, 278, 8494, 6490, 27994, 13, 11816, 12453, 13, 29967, 1540, 29871, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29901, 29900, 29906, 282, 29889, 29885, 29889, 891, 2648, 1260, 6619, 399, 481, 1089, 891, 29871, 29947, 2440, 29892, 29871, 29955, 7378, 8020, 13, 29965, 1896, 6490, 383, 3780, 915, 29872, 6860, 267, 10465, 381, 8041, 443, 535, 794, 1848, 322, 4100, 3109, 787, 29889, 13, 29903, 3021, 290, 487, 349, 2707, 350, 1727, 12734, 454, 2547, 304, 5807, 905, 263, 383, 3780, 915, 29872, 714, 310, 278, 4799, 29889, 1094, 540, 4380, 267, 278, 2313, 29892, 540, 12625, 2898, 373, 278, 5962, 29892, 11423, 635, 27556, 263, 4509, 515, 278, 9209, 292, 3815, 1623, 29889, 450, 931, 338, 11084, 29892, 451, 491, 263, 2143, 23987, 29892, 541, 491, 278, 10769, 29889, 13, 29933, 1727, 12734, 338, 760, 310, 10465, 381, 29915, 29879, 18514, 6490, 383, 3780, 915, 29872, 3815, 29892, 8778, 1111, 12504, 29889, 18514, 6490, 338, 263, 7980, 393, 20789, 17452, 322, 4380, 292, 263, 2313, 29892, 29299, 21420, 310, 20305, 29892, 269, 11953, 322, 5733, 297, 263, 5172, 29899, 29886, 562, 287, 3748, 310, 3815, 1287, 29889, 13, 6246, 5998, 278, 3748, 756, 263, 3342, 731, 310, 6865, 29892, 373, 278, 1746, 1708, 338, 1583, 29899, 2696, 1654, 630, 29892, 6593, 393, 727, 526, 694, 2143, 406, 267, 322, 3815, 5144, 526, 3806, 304, 318, 561, 1025, 871, 278, 376, 1028, 14987, 310, 278, 3748, 1213, 450, 10769, 1207, 599, 5717, 322, 491, 278, 20801, 310, 445, 376, 1028, 14987, 310, 278, 3748, 29908, 22237, 896, 526, 3734, 304, 367, 6534, 322, 318, 561, 1025, 278, 4457, 2265, 537, 310, 278, 3748, 29889, 13, 1576, 7660, 18320, 383, 3780, 915, 29872, 5977, 313, 29956, 5098, 29907, 29897, 17645, 445, 5412, 775, 310, 7512, 408, 263, 731, 310, 6865, 393, 337, 3687, 373, 376, 29879, 637, 3844, 550, 4034, 393, 7600, 23134, 363, 6534, 1708, 373, 278, 4847, 1213, 7579, 304, 399, 5098, 29907, 445, 8856, 362, 304, 278, 28410, 310, 278, 3748, 338, 825, 2289, 6166, 383, 3780, 915, 29872, 12435, 515, 1667, 5461, 14717, 29889, 13, 1576, 534, 7358, 310, 278, 11302, 13, 797, 18514, 6490, 29892, 278, 12091, 338, 304, 679, 278, 383, 3780, 915, 29872, 297, 278, 1095, 10640, 29889, 2860, 278, 1424, 275, 915, 29872, 338, 12624, 29892, 278, 4847, 508, 871, 4337, 701, 304, 2211, 6576, 1434, 6819, 278, 2313, 304, 1790, 4847, 29889, 450, 1667, 13705, 310, 18514, 6490, 338, 304, 731, 701, 263, 376, 1429, 29908, 470, 263, 1196, 310, 10769, 1623, 278, 1746, 393, 6911, 10769, 6159, 278, 1095, 10640, 304, 8158, 29889, 13, 7504, 3278, 304, 278, 1570, 3088, 10277, 29892, 18514, 6490, 383, 3780, 915, 29872, 471, 11817, 287, 491, 278, 7251, 407, 583, 310, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29900, 29915, 29879, 408, 385, 9418, 29899, 29879, 637, 393, 4023, 4089, 287, 263, 378, 1885, 616, 3458, 29899, 842, 29936, 694, 2143, 406, 267, 29892, 694, 3517, 7271, 322, 694, 17818, 344, 6958, 29889, 13, 797, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29929, 385, 13013, 2000, 8278, 18514, 6490, 471, 2825, 304, 1072, 5987, 4797, 14743, 29879, 322, 454, 21628, 29889, 4001, 769, 278, 7980, 756, 7572, 304, 6548, 304, 3160, 12755, 322, 1880, 3762, 8041, 29889, 512, 2114, 29892, 297, 278, 4940, 1629, 12397, 383, 3780, 915, 29872, 756, 4586, 278, 3148, 3086, 402, 957, 1076, 24928, 1152, 278, 8815, 310, 18514, 6490, 313, 27019, 18514, 6490, 29897, 491, 16671, 408, 278, 1353, 310, 8368, 5144, 297, 278, 13013, 1190, 3364, 287, 278, 1353, 310, 16157, 322, 12755, 5144, 29889, 450, 14321, 297, 12397, 383, 3780, 915, 29872, 756, 3595, 716, 454, 21628, 322, 10769, 5221, 1218, 29892, 3704, 278, 399, 5098, 29907, 7660, 29892, 360, 29889, 29907, 29889, 4038, 13225, 393, 8778, 1111, 12504, 13582, 297, 29889, 13, 25971, 29901, 19122, 290, 487, 25556, 17550, 407, 814, 4076, 278, 1424, 275, 915, 29872, 263, 28189, 2645, 263, 8778, 1111, 12504, 18514, 6490, 6944, 29889, 450, 3815, 23274, 25704, 472, 10465, 381, 29889, 13, 28575, 2440, 8020, 29892, 476, 3780, 28047, 29892, 4642, 6673, 310, 399, 5098, 29907, 6153, 304, 14619, 4125, 4815, 322, 5131, 304, 679, 9701, 411, 278, 7881, 491, 18819, 18514, 6490, 29889, 2296, 3897, 278, 11182, 310, 8778, 1111, 12504, 322, 756, 2041, 1432, 15050, 4515, 3250, 1951, 304, 6944, 411, 278, 3815, 322, 6860, 963, 901, 12862, 25078, 29889, 15897, 1302, 29899, 17885, 475, 27390, 15183, 446, 7213, 4637, 28047, 363, 902, 17750, 297, 278, 3815, 29889, 376, 13468, 29915, 29879, 1407, 2304, 573, 310, 278, 3815, 1699, 540, 4083, 29892, 376, 11360, 2360, 15223, 502, 1623, 1213, 13, 4013, 2304, 5578, 1078, 964, 2551, 29889, 910, 4259, 29892, 8778, 1111, 12504, 15028, 411, 263, 2407, 310, 1023, 322, 3023, 29889, 2688, 16646, 349, 2365, 25889, 29915, 29879, 12558, 716, 3815, 322, 5714, 304, 19732, 5872, 20702, 4523, 29915, 29879, 7841, 322, 3762, 5220, 287, 3815, 29889, 28047, 8500, 29879, 393, 408, 278, 2440, 748, 373, 29892, 278, 3815, 674, 6773, 304, 11157, 29889, 2296, 6625, 1169, 445, 304, 263, 4549, 7136, 310, 1090, 1990, 1527, 3815, 5144, 29889, 13, 7504, 3278, 304, 21828, 9371, 29892, 8881, 310, 12012, 3864, 322, 7212, 800, 472, 8278, 18514, 6490, 29892, 278, 4060, 310, 23134, 322, 3815, 1287, 338, 263, 3458, 29899, 842, 393, 14505, 29879, 3036, 744, 29892, 607, 297, 2507, 13978, 29879, 2305, 304, 278, 3748, 29889, 9371, 4083, 393, 445, 338, 697, 310, 278, 7601, 9590, 363, 18514, 6490, 29915, 29879, 15678, 5972, 537, 29889, 13, 29908, 3112, 29915, 29879, 697, 310, 278, 14407, 18671, 310, 18514, 6490, 393, 6860, 267, 7980, 3844, 550, 4034, 29892, 4207, 14596, 322, 28410, 607, 5929, 1338, 304, 413, 4841, 322, 11825, 1699, 540, 4083, 29889, 376, 8439, 338, 263, 2107, 2834, 3109, 265, 393, 338, 16187, 1549, 278, 3748, 1213, 7579, 304, 28047, 29892, 445, 3458, 29899, 842, 11981, 304, 4847, 29915, 29879, 3390, 7113, 1009, 1914, 3815, 29885, 1078, 322, 278, 10769, 373, 278, 9209, 292, 3815, 29889, 376, 3492, 4953, 7875, 1283, 278, 1746, 518, 2541, 596, 3815, 29885, 1078, 29962, 1363, 310, 8548, 310, 278, 3748, 1699, 4083, 28047 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.476239	-0.801874	0.67168	1.245651
About Mark Aldrich The Gad About Town All posts copyright 2013–2021 by Mark Aldrich Human Rights, Raif Badawi One Year Ago: A Public Torture Posted on August 16, 2016 by Mark Aldrich Raymond Johansen allowed himself to be tortured one year ago today, August 16, 2015, in solidarity with Saudi writer Raif Badawi. Johansen was hit 50 times by a friend, Tony Clenaghan, with a thin cane, a switch, in Trafalgar Square, where corporal punishments once upon a time were held in public and frequently, but not since the 1830s. Johansen had difficulty walking afterward and even expressed confusion as to where he was upon speaking with a reporter. (Video below.) When a caning is administered it sometimes does not look as severe as one thinks a beating would look; even one of the words we employ minimizes the severity: "lashes." In writing about the Saudi Arabian writer Raif Badawi, who was sentenced by Saudi Arabia in 2014 to 1000 lashes and 10 years in prison, I have run into the shallow poverty of available analogies. All language is analogy, metaphor, and I have wanted the words to be sufficient to convey the pain of judicial corporal punishment, but they do not. They can not. Raymond Johansen's action last year pumped life into the analogies, however. When speaking or writing about Raif Badawi's caning eighteen months ago, many well-known writers and several prominent television personalities (Cenk Uygur, Bill Maher) remarked that at least in the cellphone video that was posted online at the time, Badawi's punishment did not look violent. Several called it a "spanking." It isn't and it wasn't and if Saudi Arabia resumes caning Raif Badawi, which is a scary thought that remains a continuous background hum of a possibility, it will not be a "spanking." Perhaps Raymond Johansen's act of solidarity helped prove this. There are thousands of prisoners of conscience around the world, some publicly known and an unknown number secretly held. The U.S. has dark prisons in whose shadows every American citizen lives. (One can think that those individuals who are held in secret prisons by the U.S. for possibly doing anything against U.S. interests are people who either ought to be held or ought to face the justice system, but the matter is always superceded by the fact they are being held secretly and have not been tried.) Raif Badawi is a prisoner of conscience in Saudi Arabia, one of 30,000 in that country, according to some sources, but this 31-year-old prisoner of conscience is the one who was flogged. On January 9, 2015, he was hit 50 times with a cane, and he faces 19 more such sessions with a cane to complete his sentence of 1000 lashes. Even those sympathetic to Raif Badawi's plight and outraged by corporal punishment in general have found themselves duped by the seeming absence of ferociousness: when he was caned that sunny day, someone recorded a few moments illegally on a cellphone, and at least one writer, Nick Gillespie, emphasized the "public humiliation" aspect over the possibility of physical pain. (In Saudi Arabia, sentences of corporal punishment are carried out in a public square. Every Friday afternoon, after Friday prayers, citizens milling about in downtown Jeddah see an unmarked van slow down and park, they watch shackled prisoners file out, and then they serve as witnessses to corporal punishments meted out by anonymous prison authority. The closest onlookers might hear the authority quickly declare the sentence before he carries it out; anyone a few yards away will probably not hear any declaration but will certainly see the punishment. The punishments range from floggings to hands being cut off to beheadings.) The day after the video was confirmed to be Raif Badawi being flogged, I shared it on this website in the article linked to. It is 30 seconds long. You hear 20 of the 50 strikes delivered against his thin body. Raif	[ 13611, 4485, 18242, 4018, 13, 1576, 402, 328, 13611, 8421, 13, 3596, 11803, 3509, 1266, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 29994, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 491, 4485, 18242, 4018, 13, 29950, 7889, 26863, 29892, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 13, 6716, 8905, 319, 1484, 29901, 319, 5236, 323, 441, 545, 13, 6747, 287, 373, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 491, 4485, 18242, 4018, 13, 29934, 388, 8315, 1861, 29401, 6068, 3654, 304, 367, 16263, 2955, 697, 1629, 8020, 9826, 29892, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29892, 297, 7773, 279, 537, 411, 5701, 4749, 9227, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 29889, 13, 29967, 1148, 29401, 471, 7124, 29871, 29945, 29900, 3064, 491, 263, 5121, 29892, 15293, 2233, 264, 351, 5403, 29892, 411, 263, 16835, 508, 29872, 29892, 263, 4607, 29892, 297, 323, 1929, 284, 5397, 19256, 29892, 988, 17266, 284, 6035, 728, 1860, 2748, 2501, 263, 931, 892, 4934, 297, 970, 322, 13672, 29892, 541, 451, 1951, 278, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29941, 29900, 29879, 29889, 1861, 29401, 750, 14656, 22049, 1156, 1328, 322, 1584, 13384, 14679, 408, 304, 988, 540, 471, 2501, 13590, 411, 263, 1634, 9555, 29889, 313, 15167, 2400, 1846, 13, 10401, 263, 508, 292, 338, 4113, 1531, 287, 372, 6041, 947, 451, 1106, 408, 22261, 408, 697, 22405, 263, 367, 1218, 723, 1106, 29936, 1584, 697, 310, 278, 3838, 591, 5703, 6260, 7093, 278, 2775, 537, 29901, 376, 29880, 1161, 267, 1213, 512, 5007, 1048, 278, 5701, 4749, 10387, 713, 9227, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 29892, 1058, 471, 2665, 9223, 491, 5701, 4749, 10387, 423, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 304, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 29900, 301, 1161, 267, 322, 29871, 29896, 29900, 2440, 297, 8475, 29892, 306, 505, 1065, 964, 278, 4091, 340, 25273, 1017, 310, 3625, 15690, 583, 29889, 2178, 4086, 338, 3483, 6933, 29892, 1539, 481, 2015, 29892, 322, 306, 505, 5131, 278, 3838, 304, 367, 8002, 304, 27769, 278, 6788, 310, 6577, 5611, 17266, 284, 6035, 18310, 29892, 541, 896, 437, 451, 29889, 2688, 508, 451, 29889, 21380, 1861, 29401, 29915, 29879, 3158, 1833, 1629, 282, 3427, 287, 2834, 964, 278, 15690, 583, 29892, 3138, 29889, 13, 10401, 13590, 470, 5007, 1048, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 29915, 29879, 508, 292, 29319, 9404, 7378, 8020, 29892, 1784, 1532, 29899, 5203, 23550, 322, 3196, 19555, 11456, 7333, 1907, 313, 29907, 5842, 501, 4790, 332, 29892, 6682, 10082, 261, 29897, 25211, 393, 472, 3203, 297, 278, 3038, 6710, 4863, 393, 471, 8059, 7395, 472, 278, 931, 29892, 350, 1114, 4353, 29915, 29879, 6035, 18310, 1258, 451, 1106, 24252, 29889, 21882, 2000, 372, 263, 376, 1028, 804, 292, 1213, 739, 3508, 29915, 29873, 322, 372, 9007, 29915, 29873, 322, 565, 5701, 4749, 10387, 423, 620, 9351, 508, 292, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 29892, 607, 338, 263, 885, 653, 2714, 393, 9242, 263, 9126, 3239, 3165, 310, 263, 13331, 29892, 372, 674, 451, 367, 263, 376, 1028, 804, 292, 1213, 11637, 21380, 1861, 29401, 29915, 29879, 1044, 310, 7773, 279, 537, 9213, 6356, 445, 29889, 13, 8439, 526, 17202, 310, 22979, 310, 27688, 2820, 278, 3186, 29892, 777, 970, 368, 2998, 322, 385, 9815, 1353, 7035, 368, 4934, 29889, 450, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 756, 6501, 544, 14125, 297, 5069, 528, 23626, 1432, 3082, 14497, 264, 12080, 29889, 313, 6716, 508, 1348, 393, 1906, 15724, 1058, 526, 4934, 297, 7035, 544, 14125, 491, 278, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 363, 10075, 2599, 3099, 2750, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 20017, 526, 2305, 1058, 2845, 12722, 304, 367, 4934, 470, 12722, 304, 3700, 278, 15426, 1788, 29892, 541, 278, 4383, 338, 2337, 2428, 1133, 287, 491, 278, 2114, 896, 526, 1641, 4934, 7035, 368, 322, 505, 451, 1063, 1898, 1846, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 338, 263, 27314, 310, 27688, 297, 5701, 4749, 10387, 423, 29892, 697, 310, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 297, 393, 4234, 29892, 5034, 304, 777, 8974, 29892, 541, 445, 29871, 29941, 29896, 29899, 6360, 29899, 1025, 27314, 310, 27688, 338, 278, 697, 1058, 471, 285, 1188, 3192, 29889, 1551, 5490, 29871, 29929, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29892, 540, 471, 7124, 29871, 29945, 29900, 3064, 411, 263, 508, 29872, 29892, 322, 540, 17240, 29871, 29896, 29929, 901, 1316, 21396, 411, 263, 508, 29872, 304, 4866, 670, 10541, 310, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 29900, 301, 1161, 267, 29889, 13, 29923, 854, 1906, 17520, 7492, 304, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 29915, 29879, 715, 523, 322, 714, 1431, 287, 491, 17266, 284, 6035, 18310, 297, 2498, 505, 1476, 6053, 5141, 287, 491, 278, 2833, 292, 18070, 310, 285, 1489, 8802, 2264, 29901, 746, 540, 471, 508, 287, 393, 6575, 1460, 2462, 29892, 4856, 10478, 263, 2846, 19462, 980, 1397, 635, 373, 263, 3038, 6710, 29892, 322, 472, 3203, 697, 9227, 29892, 13853, 402, 7545, 12343, 29892, 19310, 1891, 278, 376, 3597, 3165, 2638, 362, 29908, 9565, 975, 278, 13331, 310, 9128, 6788, 29889, 13, 29898, 797, 5701, 4749, 10387, 423, 29892, 25260, 310, 17266, 284, 6035, 18310, 526, 8988, 714, 297, 263, 970, 6862, 29889, 7569, 28728, 17724, 29892, 1156, 28728, 12475, 414, 29892, 18363, 3533, 292, 1048, 297, 16611, 593, 776, 18847, 29881, 801, 1074, 385, 443, 3502, 287, 1109, 5232, 1623, 322, 14089, 29892, 896, 6505, 528, 547, 839, 22979, 934, 714, 29892, 322, 769, 896, 9080, 408, 16277, 29879, 267, 304, 17266, 284, 6035, 728, 1860, 1539, 287, 714, 491, 21560, 8475, 14329, 29889, 450, 21438, 373, 6914, 414, 1795, 8293, 278, 14329, 9098, 9607, 278, 10541, 1434, 540, 1559, 2722, 372, 714, 29936, 5019, 263, 2846, 17454, 3448, 674, 3117, 451, 8293, 738, 12029, 541, 674, 8959, 1074, 278, 6035, 18310, 29889, 450, 6035, 728, 1860, 3464, 515, 285, 1188, 29887, 886, 304, 6567, 1641, 5700, 1283, 304, 367, 2813, 886, 1846, 13, 1576, 2462, 1156, 278, 4863, 471, 16725, 304, 367, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 1641, 285, 1188, 3192, 29892, 306, 7258, 372, 373, 445, 4700, 297, 278, 4274, 9024, 304, 29889, 739, 338, 29871, 29941, 29900, 6923, 1472, 29889, 887, 8293, 29871, 29906, 29900, 310, 278, 29871, 29945, 29900, 19492, 267, 20115, 2750, 670, 16835, 3573, 29889, 6981, 361 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.707189	0.318601	0.72189	0.146473
briefly moves to the right or his leg buckles toward the end. He is dressed in a long-sleeved shirt and long pants. I show it here again. It is unpleasant; I wish I could make it as heartbreaking for viewers as it must be for his wife. Perhaps this will: he was sentenced to this and 19 more such canings for writing sentences like this: "Liberalism is based on the concept of personal freedom and respect for the freedoms of others. It's about mutual tolerance that is not ruled by indifference or disinterest. The belief system of liberalism is advancement. It believes freedom in itself is good and works towards good. It believes the truth comes out of dialogue, and constant improvement is a natural movement for humanity." (Not one U.S. President would have rejected those lines from a speechwriter.) Here is the video: On YouTube, one comment reads: "That's it?? That's a flogging??? Shit I have seen worse beatings by american women, I would gladly trade places…lol." Ah, the convenience of living in a country in which this probably is not an official punishment. Another: "Looks like he is getting a back massage. What kind of flogging is this???" Ignorance does not anger me; celebrating one's ignorance infuriates me. Make no mistake: flogging is torture, even though some countries do not consider it to be. Underneath his or her clothes, a person whipped with a thin switch will feel welts erupt and some of these welts will then be cut open with further blows into a bloody, irreparable, mass. Even if the person wielding the cane attempts to avoid hitting spots more than once, if he is tasked with delivering 50 blows quickly, this is not feasible. Welts will be hit bloody. And if the person wielding the cane is not attempting some minimal gentleness, the victim will be injured. Raif Badawi was injured on January 9, 2015, when he was whipped, and the authorities have not followed through with the remainder of his sentence. The only official reason given is that he had not recovered from the injuries he received. Much has happened in the eighteen months since: Badawi was moved to a prison that Saudi Arabia employs for its most famous or heinous prisoners; he has begun to suffer health problems that men in their early 30s do not usually suffer from and he never had, including respiratory distress; his name has become world-famous. As of today, 33 countries still legally use judicial corporal (physical) punishment. The majority are in Asia, Africa, and the Mideast. Most employ caning such as seen in Saudi Arabia; some still officially employ a cat o' nine tails, which is more fearsome. Most limit the use of this punishment to men, but not all do; some countries consider it a punishment for youths and limit its use to male children. Many whip women as well as men, children as well as adults. Prisoners of conscience are most certainly included in those punished by inflicting injury. Thoughts and words are considered so dangerous in some countries that physical punishment is inflicted. (Some would include the U.S. on this list. We certainly imprison people for writing things that officials consider aiding and abetting.) Raymond Johansen is an activist whose Twitter account lists several areas of activism: "Board: #PPI – #PPNO – #FreeAnons #FreeRaif \| #IntelGroup \| #Anonymous GLOBAL PIRATE ACTIVIST." He is one of many social media activists working to raise awareness about Raif Badawi and many, many other international prisoners of conscience. He is a front-line activist whose media accounts have been silenced by authorities on several occasions in my acquaintance with him. From my various online encounters with him, including interviews, he appears to not require things like sleep. He is also a torture survivor. In 2001, the then-35-year-old Norwegian was "kidnapped by masked men who must have thought that he was a police agent. He was attached to a wall with a belt around his neck and handcuffed—before he was beaten with a weapon and tortured for over eight hours the night of July 17." (A translation by Microsoft Bing from a Norwegian press account	[ 23359, 16229, 304, 278, 1492, 470, 670, 2814, 1321, 384, 793, 11183, 278, 1095, 29889, 940, 338, 27121, 297, 263, 1472, 29899, 29879, 17179, 1490, 528, 2728, 322, 1472, 282, 1934, 29889, 306, 1510, 372, 1244, 1449, 29889, 13, 3112, 338, 443, 552, 13186, 29936, 306, 6398, 306, 1033, 1207, 372, 408, 5192, 1030, 5086, 363, 1776, 414, 408, 372, 1818, 367, 363, 670, 6532, 29889, 11637, 445, 674, 29901, 540, 471, 2665, 9223, 304, 445, 322, 29871, 29896, 29929, 901, 1316, 508, 886, 363, 5007, 25260, 763, 445, 29901, 376, 29931, 12347, 284, 1608, 338, 2729, 373, 278, 6964, 310, 7333, 16082, 322, 3390, 363, 278, 3005, 287, 4835, 310, 4045, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 1048, 5478, 950, 20341, 749, 393, 338, 451, 29490, 491, 1399, 17678, 470, 766, 1639, 342, 29889, 450, 17750, 1788, 310, 26054, 1608, 338, 3061, 27967, 29889, 739, 1339, 17180, 16082, 297, 3528, 338, 1781, 322, 1736, 7113, 1781, 29889, 739, 1339, 17180, 278, 8760, 5304, 714, 310, 7928, 434, 29892, 322, 4868, 20414, 338, 263, 5613, 10298, 363, 5199, 537, 1213, 313, 3664, 697, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 7178, 723, 505, 22225, 1906, 3454, 515, 263, 12032, 13236, 1846, 2266, 338, 278, 4863, 29901, 13, 2951, 14711, 29892, 697, 3440, 13623, 29901, 376, 7058, 29915, 29879, 372, 8773, 2193, 29915, 29879, 263, 285, 21027, 28772, 1383, 277, 306, 505, 3595, 15029, 16646, 886, 491, 7902, 2185, 5866, 29892, 306, 723, 10932, 368, 11302, 7600, 30098, 29880, 324, 1213, 9070, 29892, 278, 29703, 310, 8471, 297, 263, 4234, 297, 607, 445, 3117, 338, 451, 385, 6221, 6035, 18310, 29889, 7280, 29901, 376, 14959, 29879, 763, 540, 338, 2805, 263, 1250, 4158, 482, 29889, 1724, 2924, 310, 285, 21027, 338, 445, 8773, 3026, 13, 17273, 272, 749, 947, 451, 27343, 592, 29936, 10894, 1218, 697, 29915, 29879, 16245, 749, 3041, 5338, 1078, 592, 29889, 13, 9984, 694, 10171, 29901, 285, 21027, 338, 16263, 545, 29892, 1584, 2466, 777, 10916, 437, 451, 2050, 372, 304, 367, 29889, 7634, 484, 493, 670, 470, 902, 22095, 29892, 263, 2022, 377, 16242, 411, 263, 16835, 4607, 674, 4459, 5476, 1372, 604, 21245, 322, 777, 310, 1438, 5476, 1372, 674, 769, 367, 5700, 1722, 411, 4340, 13031, 29879, 964, 263, 6668, 1486, 29892, 19950, 862, 519, 29892, 4158, 29889, 7753, 565, 278, 2022, 281, 969, 292, 278, 508, 29872, 14734, 304, 4772, 29425, 805, 1862, 901, 1135, 2748, 29892, 565, 540, 338, 3414, 287, 411, 12021, 292, 29871, 29945, 29900, 13031, 29879, 9098, 29892, 445, 338, 451, 28326, 1821, 29889, 10458, 1372, 674, 367, 7124, 6668, 1486, 29889, 1126, 565, 278, 2022, 281, 969, 292, 278, 508, 29872, 338, 451, 15661, 777, 13114, 8116, 2435, 404, 29892, 278, 28985, 674, 367, 28606, 29889, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 471, 28606, 373, 5490, 29871, 29929, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29892, 746, 540, 471, 377, 16242, 29892, 322, 278, 21142, 505, 451, 5643, 1549, 411, 278, 21162, 310, 670, 10541, 29889, 450, 871, 6221, 2769, 2183, 338, 393, 540, 750, 451, 24776, 515, 278, 10899, 14886, 540, 4520, 29889, 13, 29924, 987, 756, 9559, 297, 278, 29319, 9404, 7378, 1951, 29901, 350, 1114, 4353, 471, 6153, 304, 263, 8475, 393, 5701, 4749, 10387, 423, 3710, 417, 952, 363, 967, 1556, 13834, 470, 540, 262, 681, 22979, 29936, 540, 756, 23580, 304, 8812, 9045, 4828, 393, 1757, 297, 1009, 4688, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29879, 437, 451, 5491, 8812, 515, 322, 540, 2360, 750, 29892, 3704, 4613, 381, 7606, 1320, 1253, 29936, 670, 1024, 756, 4953, 3186, 29899, 29888, 314, 681, 29889, 13, 2887, 310, 9826, 29892, 29871, 29941, 29941, 10916, 1603, 2814, 635, 671, 6577, 5611, 17266, 284, 313, 14017, 936, 29897, 6035, 18310, 29889, 450, 13638, 526, 297, 14325, 29892, 10557, 29892, 322, 278, 341, 680, 579, 29889, 7849, 5703, 508, 292, 1316, 408, 3595, 297, 5701, 4749, 10387, 423, 29936, 777, 1603, 22444, 5703, 263, 6635, 288, 29915, 14183, 260, 2234, 29892, 607, 338, 901, 8866, 5372, 29889, 7849, 4046, 278, 671, 310, 445, 6035, 18310, 304, 1757, 29892, 541, 451, 599, 437, 29936, 777, 10916, 2050, 372, 263, 6035, 18310, 363, 12397, 29879, 322, 4046, 967, 671, 304, 14263, 4344, 29889, 9267, 377, 666, 5866, 408, 1532, 408, 1757, 29892, 4344, 408, 1532, 408, 16157, 29879, 29889, 13, 4040, 2285, 414, 310, 27688, 526, 1556, 8959, 5134, 297, 1906, 6035, 3276, 491, 3041, 506, 1259, 24092, 29889, 498, 1774, 29879, 322, 3838, 526, 5545, 577, 18215, 297, 777, 10916, 393, 9128, 6035, 18310, 338, 3041, 506, 9446, 29889, 313, 9526, 723, 3160, 278, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 373, 445, 1051, 29889, 1334, 8959, 29535, 2305, 363, 5007, 2712, 393, 24921, 2050, 263, 4821, 322, 633, 300, 1259, 1846, 13, 29934, 388, 8315, 1861, 29401, 338, 385, 5039, 391, 5069, 20147, 3633, 8857, 3196, 10161, 310, 5039, 1608, 29901, 376, 28397, 29901, 396, 29925, 2227, 785, 396, 18009, 6632, 785, 396, 20475, 2744, 787, 396, 20475, 29934, 29874, 361, 891, 396, 2928, 295, 4782, 891, 396, 2744, 11428, 402, 28902, 1964, 349, 8193, 3040, 319, 1783, 5667, 9047, 1213, 940, 338, 697, 310, 1784, 5264, 5745, 5039, 2879, 1985, 304, 12020, 3773, 8326, 404, 1048, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 322, 1784, 29892, 1784, 916, 6121, 22979, 310, 27688, 29889, 940, 338, 263, 4565, 29899, 1220, 5039, 391, 5069, 5745, 15303, 505, 1063, 4047, 9223, 491, 21142, 373, 3196, 26108, 297, 590, 19395, 749, 411, 1075, 29889, 3645, 590, 5164, 7395, 2094, 1309, 2153, 411, 1075, 29892, 3704, 1006, 7406, 29892, 540, 5692, 304, 451, 1996, 2712, 763, 8709, 29889, 13, 3868, 338, 884, 263, 16263, 545, 10503, 440, 272, 29889, 512, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29896, 29892, 278, 769, 29899, 29941, 29945, 29899, 6360, 29899, 1025, 27990, 471, 376, 29895, 333, 29876, 17280, 491, 11105, 287, 1757, 1058, 1818, 505, 2714, 393, 540, 471, 263, 10974, 10823, 29889, 940, 471, 10959, 304, 263, 10090, 411, 263, 1339, 29873, 2820, 670, 18873, 322, 1361, 29883, 3096, 287, 30003, 11083, 540, 471, 367, 2579, 411, 263, 28639, 322, 16263, 2955, 363, 975, 9475, 6199, 278, 4646, 310, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29955, 1213, 313, 29909, 13962, 491, 7783, 350, 292, 515, 263, 27990, 3965, 3633 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.735719	0.753359	1.057223	0.201495
.) The judge of the case described what he lived through as "severe sadistic torture." He was beaten by five men for eight hours straight. Thus, he did not volunteer his body for a caning in Trafalgar Square last August lightly. He was not asked to do this by others; instead, he came up with the idea himself for others. A friend in Anon UK Radio, Tony Cleneghan, administered the caning, and from the video, it does not look like he held back, even though from this hug, it looks like he may have wanted to: Just before it took place, The two men unfurled a #FreeRaif banner. Cleneghan started to hit Johansen. The first cane broke, and Cleneghan replaced it. A policeman interrupted to halt the protest. He seems unsure if this was a protest or performance. A crowd assembled. Johansen, dressed in a leather jacket with a Guy Fawkes mask on his sleeve and black jeans, appears steady and sure of himself while the beating is interrupted by the officer, but his comments immediately after the caning betray his confusion and his physical condition: "I'm in pain. Having flashbacks. [To his torture in 2001.] Uh. Ehhhhhand really not sure where I am in my torture chamber from 2001." It takes him a few moments. A day later he wrote, "Struggling as expected. It will take me some time to recover. But I'm ready to continue to work. Flashbacks and loads of pain. Muscles and tendons and welts." Despite his black jeans, his legs were covered in welts. Sixteen minutes into the video below, he shows the back of his right leg and Cleneghan shows the broken cane he used. Photographer Linda Bowyer took the images, including the one I used at the top of this column. We must remember that caning is torture, that Raif Badawi was officially and legally tortured on January 9 of 2015, that Raif Badawi was tortured by his nation's government for writing things, and that his nation tortured him because his nation imposes mandatory belief in one sect of one religion as a part of its public polity, which is the very definition of fundamentalism. "Secularism is the solution," Raif Badawi wrote after he was caned. Yes, it is. This is a re-write and update of a post from one year ago, "Tortured." Follow The Gad About Town on Facebook! Subscribe today for daily facts (well, trivia) about literature and history, plus links to other writers on Facebook. Follow The Gad About Town on Instagram! Goshen, NY, USA Thank you for sharing this via one of these wonderful services: caning is torture raif badawi Saudi Arabia Today in History: August 14 The Ghostly Writer likethelamp · August 16, 2016 I have appreciated beyond words your covering of these events. Your humanism, heart and keeping of the light has inspired me since I first heard of this whole awful situation. I felt I found a friend to share it with in your blog even though I am saying nothing. It is still shared pain and hope. Grateful for this post as much as all of them. Mark Aldrich · August 17, 2016 lifelessons · August 17, 2016 Ignorance does not anger me; celebrating one's ignorance infuriates me.–Exactly. Another well-written and well-informed piece, Mark. Thank you for keeping these painful truths in the public eye. Insach · August 17, 2016 I remember reading it last year and even today the idea of people comparing flogging with a back massage is as unfathomable as the whole concept of corporal punishment. Painful! Pingback: Tortured \| The Gad About Town Pingback: 'How could the unpure possibly be of assistance to the holy?' \| The Gad About Town Pingback: My Posts about Raif Badawi & Saudi Arabia \| The Gad About Town Please comment here. Thank you, Mark. Cancel reply 195,013 reads since February 2014 Lonely Blogs https://blackbutterfly7.wordpress.com/2015/	[ 1846, 450, 16833, 310, 278, 1206, 5439, 825, 540, 10600, 1549, 408, 376, 344, 9359, 14610, 4695, 16263, 545, 1213, 13, 3868, 471, 367, 2579, 491, 5320, 1757, 363, 9475, 6199, 7812, 29889, 6549, 29892, 540, 1258, 451, 27886, 261, 670, 3573, 363, 263, 508, 292, 297, 323, 1929, 284, 5397, 19256, 1833, 3111, 3578, 368, 29889, 940, 471, 451, 4433, 304, 437, 445, 491, 4045, 29936, 2012, 29892, 540, 2996, 701, 411, 278, 2969, 3654, 363, 4045, 29889, 319, 5121, 297, 530, 265, 10261, 9204, 29892, 15293, 2233, 264, 387, 5403, 29892, 4113, 1531, 287, 278, 508, 292, 29892, 322, 515, 278, 4863, 29892, 372, 947, 451, 1106, 763, 540, 4934, 1250, 29892, 1584, 2466, 515, 445, 298, 688, 29892, 372, 3430, 763, 540, 1122, 505, 5131, 304, 29901, 13, 14084, 1434, 372, 3614, 2058, 29892, 450, 1023, 1757, 443, 22613, 839, 263, 396, 20475, 29934, 29874, 361, 289, 7310, 29889, 2233, 264, 387, 5403, 4687, 304, 7124, 1861, 29401, 29889, 450, 937, 508, 29872, 14455, 29892, 322, 2233, 264, 387, 5403, 8611, 372, 29889, 319, 13665, 11422, 27803, 304, 25212, 278, 10021, 29889, 940, 2444, 9644, 545, 565, 445, 471, 263, 10021, 470, 4180, 29889, 319, 19174, 24940, 29881, 29889, 1861, 29401, 29892, 27121, 297, 263, 454, 1624, 28015, 300, 411, 263, 15880, 383, 1450, 10794, 11105, 373, 670, 12844, 29872, 345, 322, 4628, 1444, 550, 29892, 5692, 27357, 322, 1854, 310, 3654, 1550, 278, 367, 1218, 338, 27803, 491, 278, 12139, 29892, 541, 670, 6589, 7389, 1156, 278, 508, 292, 1010, 764, 670, 14679, 322, 670, 9128, 4195, 29901, 376, 29902, 29915, 29885, 297, 6788, 29889, 15950, 11013, 1627, 29879, 29889, 518, 1762, 670, 16263, 545, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29896, 5586, 501, 29882, 29889, 382, 25446, 25446, 3179, 2289, 451, 1854, 988, 306, 626, 297, 590, 16263, 545, 24171, 515, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29896, 1213, 739, 4893, 1075, 263, 2846, 19462, 29889, 13, 29909, 2462, 2678, 540, 5456, 29892, 376, 5015, 12981, 1847, 408, 3806, 29889, 739, 674, 2125, 592, 777, 931, 304, 9792, 29889, 1205, 306, 29915, 29885, 7960, 304, 6773, 304, 664, 29889, 21967, 1627, 29879, 322, 15376, 310, 6788, 29889, 3077, 7799, 322, 10331, 787, 322, 5476, 1372, 1213, 19454, 670, 4628, 1444, 550, 29892, 670, 21152, 892, 10664, 297, 5476, 1372, 29889, 18372, 9404, 6233, 964, 278, 4863, 2400, 29892, 540, 3697, 278, 1250, 310, 670, 1492, 2814, 322, 2233, 264, 387, 5403, 3697, 278, 9391, 508, 29872, 540, 1304, 29889, 19040, 1946, 261, 365, 11054, 13432, 7598, 3614, 278, 4558, 29892, 3704, 278, 697, 306, 1304, 472, 278, 2246, 310, 445, 1897, 29889, 13, 4806, 1818, 6456, 393, 508, 292, 338, 16263, 545, 29892, 393, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 471, 22444, 322, 2814, 635, 16263, 2955, 373, 5490, 29871, 29929, 310, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29892, 393, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 471, 16263, 2955, 491, 670, 5233, 29915, 29879, 5874, 363, 5007, 2712, 29892, 322, 393, 670, 5233, 16263, 2955, 1075, 1363, 670, 5233, 7275, 267, 9619, 7606, 17750, 297, 697, 21149, 310, 697, 13433, 408, 263, 760, 310, 967, 970, 24694, 29892, 607, 338, 278, 1407, 5023, 310, 15281, 1608, 29889, 376, 7898, 1070, 1608, 338, 278, 1650, 1699, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 5456, 1156, 540, 471, 508, 287, 29889, 3869, 29892, 372, 338, 29889, 13, 4013, 338, 263, 337, 29899, 3539, 322, 2767, 310, 263, 1400, 515, 697, 1629, 8020, 29892, 376, 29911, 441, 2955, 1213, 13, 29943, 2952, 450, 402, 328, 13611, 8421, 373, 13327, 29991, 3323, 13086, 9826, 363, 14218, 17099, 313, 5872, 29892, 260, 1150, 423, 29897, 1048, 12845, 322, 4955, 29892, 2298, 2988, 304, 916, 23550, 373, 13327, 29889, 13, 29943, 2952, 450, 402, 328, 13611, 8421, 373, 2799, 14442, 29991, 13, 29954, 359, 3169, 29892, 23526, 29892, 8278, 13, 25271, 366, 363, 19383, 445, 3025, 697, 310, 1438, 20695, 5786, 29901, 13, 3068, 292, 338, 16263, 545, 1153, 361, 289, 1114, 4353, 5701, 4749, 10387, 423, 13, 29911, 397, 388, 297, 5298, 29901, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29946, 13, 1576, 28484, 368, 399, 5385, 13, 5081, 621, 295, 1160, 2880, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 13, 29902, 505, 7556, 8724, 3838, 596, 21653, 310, 1438, 4959, 29889, 3575, 5199, 1608, 29892, 5192, 322, 12515, 310, 278, 3578, 756, 20603, 592, 1951, 306, 937, 6091, 310, 445, 3353, 28893, 6434, 29889, 306, 7091, 306, 1476, 263, 5121, 304, 6232, 372, 411, 297, 596, 12618, 1584, 2466, 306, 626, 5934, 3078, 29889, 739, 338, 1603, 7258, 6788, 322, 4966, 29889, 1632, 22279, 363, 445, 1400, 408, 1568, 408, 599, 310, 963, 29889, 13, 9802, 18242, 4018, 2880, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 13, 29880, 361, 6393, 787, 2880, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 13, 17273, 272, 749, 947, 451, 27343, 592, 29936, 10894, 1218, 697, 29915, 29879, 16245, 749, 3041, 5338, 1078, 592, 29889, 29994, 1252, 23617, 29889, 7280, 1532, 29899, 17625, 322, 1532, 29899, 262, 15628, 8424, 29892, 4485, 29889, 3374, 366, 363, 12515, 1438, 6788, 1319, 8760, 29879, 297, 278, 970, 10977, 29889, 13, 797, 29879, 496, 2880, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 13, 29902, 6456, 5183, 372, 1833, 1629, 322, 1584, 9826, 278, 2969, 310, 2305, 17420, 285, 21027, 411, 263, 1250, 4158, 482, 338, 408, 29395, 493, 290, 519, 408, 278, 3353, 6964, 310, 17266, 284, 6035, 18310, 29889, 349, 475, 1319, 29991, 13, 29925, 292, 1627, 29901, 323, 441, 2955, 891, 450, 402, 328, 13611, 8421, 13, 29925, 292, 1627, 29901, 525, 5328, 1033, 278, 443, 29886, 545, 10075, 367, 310, 18872, 304, 278, 26630, 17901, 891, 450, 402, 328, 13611, 8421, 13, 29925, 292, 1627, 29901, 1619, 4918, 29879, 1048, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 669, 5701, 4749, 10387, 423, 891, 450, 402, 328, 13611, 8421, 13, 12148, 3440, 1244, 29889, 3374, 366, 29892, 4485, 29889, 1815, 2242, 8908, 13, 29896, 29929, 29945, 29892, 29900, 29896, 29941, 13623, 1951, 6339, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 13, 29931, 265, 873, 350, 20756, 13, 991, 597, 8517, 4187, 357, 17652, 29955, 29889, 23424, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29914 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	0.451786	-0.192726	0.124747	-0.436635
08/28/real-neat-blog-award/ http://macbofisbil.com/2015/08/23/premio-dardos-award-and-a-milestone/ http://katespencer17.com/2015/08/04/lovely-blog-award/ http://thereluctantbaptist.com/2015/06/18/award-hoard/ https://awordadventure.wordpress.com/2015/03/13/twenty-five-awards/ http://www.inspiringmax.com/celebrating/ http://1874firstimpressionistexhibition.wordpress.com/2014/10/09/the-liebster-award/ http://stepstimestwo.wordpress.com/2014/10/13/the-one-lovely-blog-award/ http://tidlidim.wordpress.com/2014/10/07/grouping-two-lovely-blog-awards-into-one/ http://thereluctantbaptist.com/2014/10/07/and-the-nominees-are/ http://ripplesnreflectiontimes.wordpress.com/2014/11/22/awards-and-rewards/ https://alotfromlydia.wordpress.com/awards/comment-page-1/#comment-1842 The Gad on Facebook The Gad About Town has been seen by 195,013 visitors since Feb. 2014 itchingforhitching Relax.. Against Class Bigotry Meghazine Moving On Up a Little Higher A Place for Everything...(everything in it's place). Florida COVID Victims Pandemic Stories Blogging Meetup Tote Unwined! Meredith Ireland - Author Arbie Krae The Molotov Cocktail G Day Blog The Rach-hole One Who Got Away A Two-Ton Hand-Me-Down Empty Branches on the Family Tree Tortured Follow The Gad About Town on WordPress.com Topics Select Category Activism (185) #BlackLivesMatter (6) #NativeLivesMatter (2) Ali Al-Nimr (6) Anonymous (17) Disability Rights (2) Hacktivism (19) Matt DeHart (2) Defining Dignity Initiative (1) Human Rights (140) #OpFOQ (5) Bahrain (2) Nabeel Rajab (1) Iran (4) Saudi Arabia (13) Samar Badawi (1) Journalism Is Not a Crime (37) Dawit Isaak (1) Shawkan (28) Raif Badawi (38) The Resistance (9) ICE (4) Blogging101 (107) Awards (12) Writing Challenge (84) Blogging201 (42) Culture (301) Art (29) Painting (16) Photography (4) Sculpture (6) Opus 40 in Saugerties, NY (3) bluestone (2) Comedy (19) Film (22) Internet (55) Fundraising Campaigns (4) Social Media (46) About.me (1) Facebook (11) Linkedin (2) Twitter (14) Literature (148) Fiction (23) Folklore (2) Journalism (9) Nonfiction (6) Poetry (68) Theater (22) Tribute Posters (3) Music (60) Performance (33) Radio (14) Magnificent Glass Pelican (1) Television (20) Current Events (122) Anonymous (3) Authoritarianism (9) coronavirus (17) Economy (3) IS (3) Politics (14) Campaign 2016 (6) Campaign 2020 (1) Daily Prompt (614) Blog Propellant (4) Fiction (2) Food (10) Candy (	[ 29900, 29947, 29914, 29906, 29947, 29914, 6370, 29899, 484, 271, 29899, 7312, 29899, 29874, 1328, 29914, 13, 1124, 597, 8628, 833, 29888, 275, 18152, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29914, 29900, 29947, 29914, 29906, 29941, 29914, 1457, 29885, 601, 29899, 29881, 538, 359, 29899, 29874, 1328, 29899, 392, 29899, 29874, 29899, 23853, 27744, 29914, 13, 1124, 597, 29895, 1078, 2238, 2265, 29896, 29955, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29914, 29900, 29947, 29914, 29900, 29946, 29914, 5590, 873, 29899, 7312, 29899, 29874, 1328, 29914, 13, 1124, 597, 721, 295, 5313, 424, 29890, 2156, 391, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29914, 29900, 29953, 29914, 29896, 29947, 29914, 29874, 1328, 29899, 1251, 538, 29914, 13, 991, 597, 1450, 536, 328, 794, 545, 29889, 23424, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29914, 29900, 29941, 29914, 29896, 29941, 29914, 7516, 6478, 29899, 20818, 29899, 29874, 2935, 29914, 13, 1124, 597, 1636, 29889, 262, 1028, 8491, 3317, 29889, 510, 29914, 346, 280, 1182, 1218, 29914, 13, 1124, 597, 29896, 29947, 29955, 29946, 4102, 326, 2590, 2488, 29916, 6335, 654, 29889, 23424, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29914, 29896, 29900, 29914, 29900, 29929, 29914, 1552, 29899, 3197, 29890, 2475, 29899, 29874, 1328, 29914, 13, 1124, 597, 10568, 303, 326, 342, 827, 29889, 23424, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29914, 29896, 29900, 29914, 29896, 29941, 29914, 1552, 29899, 650, 29899, 5590, 873, 29899, 7312, 29899, 29874, 1328, 29914, 13, 1124, 597, 17681, 29880, 333, 326, 29889, 23424, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29914, 29896, 29900, 29914, 29900, 29955, 29914, 2972, 292, 29899, 10184, 29899, 5590, 873, 29899, 7312, 29899, 29874, 2935, 29899, 8941, 29899, 650, 29914, 13, 1124, 597, 721, 295, 5313, 424, 29890, 2156, 391, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29914, 29896, 29900, 29914, 29900, 29955, 29914, 392, 29899, 1552, 29899, 11522, 457, 267, 29899, 598, 29914, 13, 1124, 597, 374, 407, 793, 29876, 999, 1464, 3706, 29889, 23424, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29914, 29896, 29896, 29914, 29906, 29906, 29914, 29874, 2935, 29899, 392, 29899, 276, 2935, 29914, 13, 991, 597, 284, 327, 3166, 368, 15321, 29889, 23424, 29889, 510, 29914, 29874, 2935, 29914, 9342, 29899, 3488, 29899, 29896, 8484, 9342, 29899, 29896, 29947, 29946, 29906, 13, 1576, 402, 328, 373, 13327, 13, 1576, 402, 328, 13611, 8421, 756, 1063, 3595, 491, 13, 29896, 29929, 29945, 29892, 29900, 29896, 29941, 26824, 1951, 26319, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 13, 2335, 292, 1454, 29882, 2335, 292, 13, 9662, 1165, 636, 13, 14769, 475, 303, 4134, 7997, 327, 719, 13, 29924, 387, 29882, 8985, 13, 29924, 21081, 1551, 5020, 263, 11143, 5057, 261, 13, 29909, 15484, 363, 17296, 856, 29898, 17991, 1918, 297, 372, 29915, 29879, 2058, 467, 13, 29943, 5095, 1458, 19937, 7229, 9893, 13, 23684, 24552, 624, 3842, 13, 29933, 21027, 2191, 300, 786, 13, 29911, 866, 853, 29893, 1312, 29991, 13, 29924, 14561, 389, 12126, 448, 13361, 13, 1433, 10993, 19387, 29872, 13, 1576, 10750, 327, 586, 315, 1698, 18237, 13, 29954, 8373, 350, 1188, 13, 1576, 23647, 29899, 29716, 13, 6716, 11644, 15992, 319, 1582, 13, 29909, 7803, 29899, 29911, 265, 5166, 29899, 6816, 29899, 6767, 13, 8915, 25889, 267, 373, 278, 14662, 15472, 13, 29911, 441, 2955, 13, 29943, 2952, 450, 402, 328, 13611, 8421, 373, 10803, 10923, 29889, 510, 13, 7031, 1199, 7605, 17943, 21775, 1608, 313, 29896, 29947, 29945, 29897, 396, 18700, 29931, 3145, 29924, 2620, 313, 29953, 29897, 396, 11024, 29931, 3145, 29924, 2620, 313, 29906, 29897, 10785, 838, 29899, 29940, 326, 29878, 313, 29953, 29897, 530, 11428, 313, 29896, 29955, 29897, 3295, 3097, 26863, 313, 29906, 29897, 379, 547, 29873, 440, 1608, 313, 29896, 29929, 29897, 9811, 897, 29950, 442, 313, 29906, 29897, 5282, 2827, 360, 647, 537, 512, 4812, 1230, 313, 29896, 29897, 12968, 26863, 313, 29896, 29946, 29900, 29897, 396, 11746, 5800, 29984, 313, 29945, 29897, 15174, 6038, 313, 29906, 29897, 405, 4302, 295, 15496, 370, 313, 29896, 29897, 14883, 313, 29946, 29897, 5701, 4749, 10387, 423, 313, 29896, 29941, 29897, 3685, 279, 350, 1114, 4353, 313, 29896, 29897, 8237, 1608, 1317, 2216, 263, 29682, 313, 29941, 29955, 29897, 29461, 277, 19899, 557, 313, 29896, 29897, 28548, 11052, 313, 29906, 29947, 29897, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 313, 29941, 29947, 29897, 450, 2538, 21558, 313, 29929, 29897, 306, 4741, 313, 29946, 29897, 350, 21027, 29896, 29900, 29896, 313, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29897, 9220, 313, 29896, 29906, 29897, 28676, 27211, 313, 29947, 29946, 29897, 350, 21027, 29906, 29900, 29896, 313, 29946, 29906, 29897, 14062, 313, 29941, 29900, 29896, 29897, 3012, 313, 29906, 29929, 29897, 349, 475, 1259, 313, 29896, 29953, 29897, 19040, 5275, 313, 29946, 29897, 317, 1810, 415, 545, 313, 29953, 29897, 6461, 375, 29871, 29946, 29900, 297, 317, 2987, 814, 583, 29892, 23526, 313, 29941, 29897, 1999, 16139, 650, 313, 29906, 29897, 422, 7584, 313, 29896, 29929, 29897, 4643, 313, 29906, 29906, 29897, 4685, 313, 29945, 29945, 29897, 13249, 336, 5921, 7259, 8729, 29879, 313, 29946, 29897, 10307, 8213, 313, 29946, 29953, 29897, 13611, 29889, 1004, 313, 29896, 29897, 13327, 313, 29896, 29896, 29897, 28547, 262, 313, 29906, 29897, 20147, 313, 29896, 29946, 29897, 5449, 1535, 313, 29896, 29946, 29947, 29897, 383, 2463, 313, 29906, 29941, 29897, 8301, 6321, 487, 313, 29906, 29897, 8237, 1608, 313, 29929, 29897, 10050, 29888, 2463, 313, 29953, 29897, 3929, 27184, 313, 29953, 29947, 29897, 16150, 313, 29906, 29906, 29897, 323, 2666, 4918, 414, 313, 29941, 29897, 6125, 313, 29953, 29900, 29897, 23768, 313, 29941, 29941, 29897, 9204, 313, 29896, 29946, 29897, 19975, 928, 296, 402, 605, 15549, 2185, 313, 29896, 29897, 22417, 313, 29906, 29900, 29897, 9626, 28488, 313, 29896, 29906, 29906, 29897, 530, 11428, 313, 29941, 29897, 13361, 3673, 713, 1608, 313, 29929, 29897, 25082, 485, 22693, 313, 29896, 29955, 29897, 12884, 29891, 313, 29941, 29897, 8519, 313, 29941, 29897, 6934, 1199, 313, 29896, 29946, 29897, 7259, 8729, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 313, 29953, 29897, 7259, 8729, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29900, 313, 29896, 29897, 23331, 9705, 415, 313, 29953, 29896, 29946, 29897, 350, 1188, 18264, 514, 424, 313, 29946, 29897, 383, 2463, 313, 29906, 29897, 25453, 313, 29896, 29900, 29897, 315, 13910, 313 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-1.072486	-2.213378	-1.546537	-1.673685
Pieter "Piet" Schrijvers (* 15. Dezember 1946 in Jutphaas, heute zu Nieuwegein, Niederlande; † 7. September 2022 in Ermelo) war ein niederländischer Fußballspieler. Karriere Im Alter von 16 Jahren begann der Torhüter Piet Schrijvers seine Karriere beim Fußballverein Hollandia Victoria Combinatie (HVC) aus Amersfoort, die zu diesem Zeitpunkt in der dritthöchsten Profiliga der Niederlande spielte – der Tweede Divisie. 1965 wurde er vom damals amtierenden niederländischen Vizemeister Amsterdamsche FC DWS verpflichtet, wo er hinter Jan Jongbloed als zweiter Torhüter zum Einsatz kam. Dort kam er zu etwa 40 Pflichtspieleinsätzen. 1968 wechselte er zum FC Twente Enschede und ging 1973 zum amtierenden Europapokalsieger der Landesmeister Ajax Amsterdam. Bereits bei Twente avancierte er 1971 zum niederländischen Nationalspieler und gehörte zum Aufgebot von Bondscoach Rinus Michels für die Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft 1974 in Deutschland. Dieser vertraute jedoch bei diesem Turnier dem sechs Jahre älteren Jan Jongbloed. Erst bei der Fußball-Europameisterschaft 1976 stand Schrijvers als Stammtorhüter bei einem Turnier zwischen den Pfosten der Niederlande. Bei der Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft 1978 in Argentinien wechselte der neue Bondscoach Ernst Happel zwischen Jongbloed und Schrijvers. Schrijvers ersetzte nach der Vorrunde Jongbloed, verletzte sich aber im letzten Spiel der Zwischenrunde. So kam er zwar auf seine ersten WM-Einsätze, verpasste aber erneut das Finale, das seine Mannschaft gegen Argentinien mit 1:3 nach Verlängerung verlor. Jongbloed bestritt sein zweites Finale hintereinander, beide wurden gegen den Gastgeber verloren. Bei der Fußball-Europameisterschaft 1980 in Italien war er endgültig die unumstrittene Nummer eins der Niederländer, scheiterte aber in der Gruppenphase an Deutschland. Klaus Allofs erzielte bei der 2:3-Niederlage seiner Mannschaft drei Tore gegen Schrijvers. Schrijvers spielte noch bis 1983 bei Ajax Amsterdam und wechselte dann zum PEC Zwolle, wo er 1985 seine Karriere beendete. In der Nationalmannschaft spielte er noch bis 1984 und brachte es auf insgesamt 46 Länderspiele. Nach seiner aktiven Laufbahn trainierte Schrijvers zunächst einige Amateurvereine und kurzzeitig Proficlubs wie die PSV Eindhoven oder die Nationalmannschaft von Saudi-Arabien. In den Niederlanden war der 100-kg-Mann Schrijvers als De beer van De Meer (Der Bär vom De Meer) bekannt. Auch bei seinen weiteren Stationen als Spieler in Zwolle oder als Trainer erhielt der bullige blonde Torhüter diverse Beinamen als Lek van PEC (Das Leck von PEC) und Bolle van Zwolle (Der Bulle von Zwolle). Titel Niederländischer Meister (5): 1976/77, 1978/79, 1979/80, 1981/82, 1982/83 Niederländischer Pokalsieger (2): 1979, 1983 Weltmeisterschaften: Zweiter WM 1974 (kein Einsatz), Zweiter WM 1978 (3 Spiele, kein Tor) Einzelnachweise Fußballnationaltorhüter (Niederlande) Fußballtorhüter (FC Twente Enschede) Fußballtorhüter (Ajax Amsterdam) Fußballtorhüter (PEC Zwolle) Fußballtrainer (AZ Alkmaar) Fußballtrainer (PEC Zwolle) Teilnehmer an einer Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft (Niederlande) Teilnehmer an einer Fußball-Europameisterschaft (Niederlande) Niederländer Geboren	[ 7362, 1308, 376, 29925, 2035, 29908, 1102, 4927, 874, 3070, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29889, 7860, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29953, 297, 435, 329, 2026, 294, 29892, 12843, 1729, 19166, 7262, 387, 21084, 29892, 16501, 28328, 29936, 6700, 29871, 29955, 29889, 3839, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29906, 297, 1425, 29885, 7078, 29897, 1370, 1011, 23634, 16442, 3208, 23491, 29889, 13, 13, 24115, 15920, 29871, 13, 13, 1888, 20561, 1005, 29871, 29896, 29953, 30081, 29967, 21446, 16019, 589, 4794, 29882, 29993, 357, 14929, 1102, 4927, 874, 6676, 22257, 10005, 13739, 22655, 20262, 423, 14212, 422, 2109, 9474, 313, 29950, 8257, 29897, 1770, 1913, 414, 1181, 441, 29892, 762, 1729, 12909, 5347, 19294, 297, 589, 270, 768, 386, 29997, 305, 3510, 23202, 4324, 589, 16501, 28328, 18681, 30081, 29994, 589, 27637, 2742, 4910, 24453, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29945, 1931, 604, 3961, 28740, 626, 29873, 631, 2162, 23634, 16442, 1679, 478, 466, 2004, 1531, 17399, 5955, 7992, 30081, 29928, 7811, 1147, 7810, 10881, 300, 29892, 8879, 604, 22013, 2627, 435, 549, 14073, 287, 1620, 4753, 1524, 4794, 29882, 29993, 357, 3356, 23175, 9286, 29889, 19845, 9286, 604, 1729, 10218, 29871, 29946, 29900, 30081, 29925, 29888, 10881, 1028, 9152, 1144, 3003, 2256, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29947, 25017, 604, 3356, 7992, 30081, 27418, 2016, 1174, 816, 2742, 563, 12773, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29941, 3356, 626, 29873, 631, 2162, 6032, 481, 554, 1338, 347, 914, 589, 10089, 11331, 21586, 17399, 29889, 13143, 1169, 2862, 8168, 2016, 1029, 8463, 24983, 604, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29896, 3356, 23634, 16442, 1679, 3086, 14594, 563, 19976, 3356, 4322, 4310, 327, 1005, 350, 13788, 1111, 496, 390, 13419, 3375, 1379, 1865, 762, 13739, 29899, 29956, 2152, 28110, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29946, 297, 10450, 29889, 24727, 4837, 336, 1082, 9901, 2862, 12909, 9603, 631, 1261, 23320, 7095, 21044, 357, 264, 2627, 435, 549, 14073, 287, 29889, 20329, 2862, 589, 13739, 29899, 29923, 4131, 420, 1531, 2809, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29953, 2317, 1102, 4927, 874, 1620, 624, 314, 4378, 272, 29882, 29993, 357, 2862, 4093, 9603, 631, 7831, 972, 10022, 10935, 589, 16501, 28328, 29889, 13, 13, 3629, 29875, 589, 13739, 29899, 29956, 2152, 28110, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29947, 297, 9385, 262, 819, 25017, 589, 16828, 350, 13788, 1111, 496, 15969, 379, 932, 295, 7831, 435, 549, 14073, 287, 563, 1102, 4927, 874, 29889, 1102, 4927, 874, 17730, 6618, 371, 2644, 589, 6266, 582, 17720, 435, 549, 14073, 287, 29892, 1147, 1026, 8832, 2160, 6126, 527, 21202, 7842, 589, 24527, 582, 17720, 29889, 1105, 9286, 604, 26979, 1622, 6676, 9372, 29783, 29899, 29923, 1144, 22445, 29892, 1147, 18182, 1655, 6126, 27818, 1697, 29518, 29892, 1697, 6676, 21404, 6927, 9385, 262, 819, 1380, 29871, 29896, 29901, 29941, 2644, 23739, 13655, 686, 22355, 29889, 435, 549, 14073, 287, 1900, 12123, 2757, 4753, 3246, 29518, 22013, 21084, 3825, 29892, 23847, 5448, 6927, 972, 18406, 29492, 22355, 264, 29889, 10632, 589, 13739, 29899, 29923, 4131, 420, 1531, 2809, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29900, 297, 23977, 1370, 604, 1095, 29887, 12100, 335, 762, 443, 398, 710, 16097, 29872, 11848, 1050, 1011, 29879, 589, 16501, 29880, 13178, 29892, 21014, 1524, 371, 6126, 297, 589, 5430, 7785, 21646, 385, 10450, 29889, 24041, 838, 417, 5847, 604, 17894, 371, 2862, 589, 29871, 29906, 29901, 29941, 29899, 29940, 4474, 6184, 6540, 21404, 9697, 323, 487, 6927, 1102, 4927, 874, 29889, 13, 13, 4504, 4927, 874, 18681, 5440, 2652, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29941, 2862, 21586, 17399, 563, 25017, 7885, 3356, 349, 11206, 30081, 29999, 24437, 280, 29892, 8879, 604, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29945, 6676, 22257, 367, 355, 2650, 29889, 512, 589, 3086, 26306, 18681, 604, 5440, 2652, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29946, 563, 4105, 10948, 831, 1622, 26696, 30081, 29946, 29953, 365, 3140, 414, 29886, 9152, 29889, 3975, 6540, 11305, 5428, 29208, 11121, 7945, 5423, 1102, 4927, 874, 16891, 19774, 1913, 7289, 9359, 457, 563, 24268, 27570, 6175, 293, 29880, 23954, 4031, 762, 349, 7597, 30081, 29923, 513, 29882, 9813, 4461, 762, 3086, 26306, 1005, 5701, 4749, 29899, 29909, 4201, 819, 29889, 13, 13, 797, 972, 16501, 1049, 264, 1370, 589, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 29899, 9415, 29899, 29924, 812, 1102, 4927, 874, 1620, 897, 367, 261, 1109, 897, 2191, 261, 313, 15383, 350, 1215, 3961, 897, 2191, 261, 29897, 13633, 29889, 14307, 2862, 10316, 24632, 12039, 264, 1620, 25789, 297, 12017, 324, 280, 4461, 1620, 3201, 4983, 14312, 589, 289, 913, 2231, 1999, 13469, 4794, 29882, 29993, 357, 16984, 1522, 262, 5071, 1620, 951, 29895, 1109, 349, 11206, 313, 29928, 294, 951, 384, 1005, 349, 11206, 29897, 563, 8922, 280, 1109, 12017, 324, 280, 313, 15383, 8313, 280, 1005, 12017, 324, 280, 467, 13, 13, 29911, 7454, 29871, 13, 16501, 16442, 3208, 15763, 313, 29945, 1125, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29953, 29914, 29955, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29947, 29914, 29955, 29929, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29929, 29914, 29947, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29896, 29914, 29947, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29906, 29914, 29947, 29941, 13, 16501, 16442, 3208, 21747, 1338, 347, 914, 313, 29906, 1125, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29929, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29941, 13, 7633, 11331, 12627, 29901, 9647, 1524, 29783, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29946, 313, 446, 262, 23175, 511, 9647, 1524, 29783, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29947, 313, 29941, 1706, 9152, 29892, 23943, 4794, 29897, 13, 13, 29923, 262, 29920, 3478, 496, 4506, 29871, 13, 13, 29943, 5002, 2135, 29876, 1288, 7345, 29882, 29993, 357, 313, 29940, 4474, 28328, 29897, 13, 29943, 5002, 2135, 7345, 29882, 29993, 357, 313, 8610, 8168, 2016, 1174, 816, 2742, 29897, 13, 29943, 5002, 2135, 7345, 29882, 29993, 357, 313, 29909, 6487, 17399, 29897, 13, 29943, 5002, 2135, 7345, 29882, 29993, 357, 313, 4162, 29907, 12017, 324, 280, 29897, 13, 29943, 5002, 2135, 3018, 4983, 313, 29909, 29999, 838, 29895, 655, 279, 29897, 13, 29943, 5002, 2135, 3018, 4983, 313, 4162, 29907, 12017, 324, 280, 29897, 13, 7141, 309, 23450, 385, 3422, 13739, 29899, 29956, 2152, 28110, 313, 29940, 4474, 28328, 29897, 13, 7141, 309, 23450, 385, 3422, 13739, 29899, 29923, 4131, 420, 1531, 2809, 313, 29940, 4474, 28328, 29897, 13, 29940, 4474, 29880, 13178, 13, 29954, 774, 8085, 29871 ]	1,024	Wikipedia	-0.512771	-0.520904	0.03035	-1.180383
You could have heard that Alaska is a single of the most highly-priced locations in the nation. Even though that's commonly correct, the great news is that Anchorage get pleasure from the lowest expense-of-living price in the state. As an example, it costs roughly $122 per week to feed a loved ones of four in Anchorage. And when speaking about price of living, it is critical to note that keeping a higher high-quality of life in Anchorage is drastically much less high priced than in other states. Alaska is a excellent location to raise a household for the reason that there are fields and parks everywhere with access to dozens of low-cost activities. Bottom line, the very best components of Alaska are entirely absolutely free! Anchorage is a unified residence rule municipality in the south central part of the United States, Alaska. It is the 64th-largest city and northernmost main city in the United States. It is Alaska's biggest city and constitutes extra than 40 % of the state's total population. It has been named All-America City four instances, in 1956, 1965, 1984/1985 and 2002, by the National Civic League. Anchorage has also been named by Kiplinger as the most tax friendly city in the United States. Getting a property in Anchorage is effortless. There's plenty of inventory. Anchorage and Fairbanks supply a diverse housing inventory ranging from condos to luxury houses, and it is surprisingly cost-effective. If you're looking for a house in Anchorage, expect to spend about $265,000 for a two,000-square-foot, three-bedroom household, or $185,000 for a 1,500-square-foot condo. If you happen to be willing to commute outdoors of Anchorage, $300,000 will probably get a 3,000-square-foot residence on an acre or a lot more of land providing plenty of solitude. If you are seeking for a place in the million-dollar variety, you're on track to discover your dream home such as plenty of acreage, extraordinary views and additional than ample square footage. The identical cost in other metropolitan cities would barely get you a 2,000-square-foot, 3-bedroom dwelling. No matter if you are hunting to construct, rent, or obtain, there is a lot of opportunity acquiring a home in Anchorage Alaska. Anchorage also offer range of profession and professional growth possibilities as opposed to several areas in the Reduce 48. You are going to be delighted to hear that winters in Anchorage are milder than Chicago simply because the city sits on the ocean and during summer season, interior temperatures normally hits 80 degrees and mainly because of Anchorage's geographical place, summer days are really lengthy and winter daylight hours are incredibly short. Points could be a bit stressful when you plan to build your own property as properly as produce your personal design and style. Even so, if you want to replicate an Art Decoo, European, or classical old planet architecture, you have to have to collect photographs of homes and their interiors. Luxury houses are quite effortless to dress up when you have all the concepts into images. The architecture and interior style of luxury homes are the purest types of expressions that represent the personality, life-style, and desires of the people living in the property. It is at times considered equivalent to a painting or sculpting. Folks show their personal creativity and the architects and interior decorators total it with finesse. As you can see, most luxury houses in gated golf course communities show a range of distinctive craftsmanship you can't come across in other areas. The architectural design and style of the custom estates is a very simple proof of a person's constant try and drive to show inspired art. The purpose is normally to blend creativity with passion and function such as the vast interior spaces with balustrades and grand entries. If you go to the rich and well-known villas, you can watch with awe the flowing floor plans, retreating glass walls, and the ergonomic gourmet kitchen. All were custom built to be fashionable but functional. True luxury properties are normally a function of passion, need, life style, and personality. Virtually all spaces were created to satisfy and uplift	[ 887, 1033, 505, 6091, 393, 838, 16191, 338, 263, 2323, 310, 278, 1556, 10712, 29899, 558, 7612, 14354, 297, 278, 5233, 29889, 7753, 2466, 393, 29915, 29879, 15574, 1959, 29892, 278, 2107, 9763, 338, 393, 530, 305, 6022, 679, 15377, 515, 278, 19604, 1518, 1947, 29899, 974, 29899, 29880, 4357, 8666, 297, 278, 2106, 29889, 1094, 385, 1342, 29892, 372, 21544, 20928, 395, 29896, 29906, 29906, 639, 4723, 304, 8343, 263, 18012, 6743, 310, 3023, 297, 530, 305, 6022, 29889, 1126, 746, 13590, 1048, 8666, 310, 8471, 29892, 372, 338, 12187, 304, 4443, 393, 12515, 263, 6133, 1880, 29899, 29567, 310, 2834, 297, 530, 305, 6022, 338, 4192, 579, 1711, 1568, 3109, 1880, 544, 7612, 1135, 297, 916, 5922, 29889, 838, 16191, 338, 263, 15129, 4423, 304, 12020, 263, 22329, 363, 278, 2769, 393, 727, 526, 4235, 322, 610, 2039, 16978, 411, 2130, 304, 437, 29920, 575, 310, 4482, 29899, 18253, 14188, 29889, 350, 3570, 1196, 29892, 278, 1407, 1900, 7117, 310, 838, 16191, 526, 9186, 13312, 3889, 29991, 13, 2744, 305, 6022, 338, 263, 443, 2164, 25488, 5751, 21511, 297, 278, 7062, 6555, 760, 310, 278, 3303, 3900, 29892, 838, 16191, 29889, 739, 338, 278, 29871, 29953, 29946, 386, 29899, 27489, 342, 4272, 322, 14622, 3242, 1667, 4272, 297, 278, 3303, 3900, 29889, 739, 338, 838, 16191, 29915, 29879, 24842, 4272, 322, 20016, 2667, 4805, 1135, 29871, 29946, 29900, 1273, 310, 278, 2106, 29915, 29879, 3001, 4665, 29889, 739, 756, 1063, 4257, 2178, 29899, 29048, 4412, 3023, 8871, 29892, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29945, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29946, 29914, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29945, 322, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29892, 491, 278, 3086, 315, 440, 293, 5165, 29889, 530, 305, 6022, 756, 884, 1063, 4257, 491, 16540, 572, 5621, 408, 278, 1556, 8818, 19780, 4272, 297, 278, 3303, 3900, 29889, 13, 2577, 1259, 263, 2875, 297, 530, 305, 6022, 338, 7225, 2222, 29889, 1670, 29915, 29879, 20947, 310, 11817, 706, 29889, 530, 305, 6022, 322, 13822, 29890, 1331, 11421, 263, 16984, 27261, 11817, 706, 364, 9776, 515, 2148, 359, 304, 21684, 2857, 12955, 29892, 322, 372, 338, 26800, 368, 3438, 29899, 15987, 573, 29889, 960, 366, 29915, 276, 3063, 363, 263, 3699, 297, 530, 305, 6022, 29892, 2149, 304, 18864, 1048, 395, 29906, 29953, 29945, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 363, 263, 1023, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 29899, 17619, 29899, 6661, 29892, 2211, 29899, 2580, 8345, 22329, 29892, 470, 395, 29896, 29947, 29945, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 363, 263, 29871, 29896, 29892, 29945, 29900, 29900, 29899, 17619, 29899, 6661, 378, 1867, 29889, 960, 366, 3799, 304, 367, 17762, 304, 844, 1082, 714, 1867, 943, 310, 530, 305, 6022, 29892, 395, 29941, 29900, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 674, 3117, 679, 263, 29871, 29941, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 29899, 17619, 29899, 6661, 25488, 373, 385, 263, 1037, 470, 263, 3287, 901, 310, 2982, 13138, 20947, 310, 899, 4279, 29889, 960, 366, 526, 25738, 363, 263, 2058, 297, 278, 7284, 29899, 29881, 26810, 12875, 29892, 366, 29915, 276, 373, 5702, 304, 6523, 596, 12561, 3271, 1316, 408, 20947, 310, 263, 1037, 482, 29892, 28163, 8386, 322, 5684, 1135, 626, 552, 6862, 3661, 482, 29889, 450, 13557, 3438, 297, 916, 25311, 8929, 14368, 723, 16079, 368, 679, 366, 263, 29871, 29906, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 29899, 17619, 29899, 6661, 29892, 29871, 29941, 29899, 2580, 8345, 24013, 292, 29889, 1939, 4383, 565, 366, 526, 29826, 304, 3386, 29892, 23990, 29892, 470, 4017, 29892, 727, 338, 263, 3287, 310, 15130, 10695, 8491, 263, 3271, 297, 530, 305, 6022, 838, 16191, 29889, 13, 2744, 305, 6022, 884, 5957, 3464, 310, 6351, 322, 10257, 14321, 24496, 408, 15869, 304, 3196, 10161, 297, 278, 4367, 24551, 29871, 29946, 29947, 29889, 887, 526, 2675, 304, 367, 15319, 287, 304, 8293, 393, 13851, 29879, 297, 530, 305, 6022, 526, 2316, 672, 1135, 10059, 3763, 1363, 278, 4272, 269, 1169, 373, 278, 23474, 322, 2645, 11801, 4259, 29892, 13290, 6238, 3698, 12891, 19572, 29871, 29947, 29900, 14496, 322, 14364, 1363, 310, 530, 305, 6022, 29915, 29879, 1737, 19711, 2058, 29892, 11801, 3841, 526, 2289, 3309, 29891, 322, 13851, 2462, 4366, 6199, 526, 29811, 14981, 3273, 29889, 13, 20325, 1033, 367, 263, 2586, 22884, 1319, 746, 366, 3814, 304, 2048, 596, 1914, 2875, 408, 6284, 408, 7738, 596, 7333, 2874, 322, 3114, 29889, 7753, 577, 29892, 565, 366, 864, 304, 1634, 5926, 385, 3012, 3826, 3634, 29892, 7824, 29892, 470, 14499, 2030, 15754, 11258, 29892, 366, 505, 304, 505, 304, 6314, 17739, 29879, 310, 17774, 322, 1009, 1006, 18930, 29889, 18624, 2857, 12955, 526, 3755, 7225, 2222, 304, 10714, 701, 746, 366, 505, 599, 278, 22001, 964, 4558, 29889, 450, 11258, 322, 13290, 3114, 310, 21684, 2857, 17774, 526, 278, 3708, 342, 4072, 310, 12241, 393, 2755, 278, 2022, 2877, 29892, 2834, 29899, 3293, 29892, 322, 553, 2658, 310, 278, 2305, 8471, 297, 278, 2875, 29889, 739, 338, 472, 3064, 5545, 7126, 304, 263, 20413, 470, 17039, 292, 29889, 8301, 2039, 1510, 1009, 7333, 907, 28157, 322, 278, 6956, 29879, 322, 13290, 10200, 4097, 3001, 372, 411, 1436, 5340, 29889, 13, 2887, 366, 508, 1074, 29892, 1556, 21684, 2857, 12955, 297, 330, 630, 29416, 3236, 23507, 1510, 263, 3464, 310, 8359, 573, 25554, 3844, 550, 4034, 366, 508, 29915, 29873, 2041, 4822, 297, 916, 10161, 29889, 450, 6956, 3631, 2874, 322, 3114, 310, 278, 2888, 707, 1078, 338, 263, 1407, 2560, 5296, 310, 263, 2022, 29915, 29879, 4868, 1018, 322, 7899, 304, 1510, 20603, 1616, 29889, 450, 6437, 338, 12891, 304, 1999, 355, 907, 28157, 411, 15935, 322, 740, 1316, 408, 278, 13426, 13290, 8162, 411, 6411, 4627, 3076, 322, 4595, 9976, 29889, 960, 366, 748, 304, 278, 8261, 322, 1532, 29899, 5203, 4213, 294, 29892, 366, 508, 6505, 411, 263, 705, 278, 4972, 292, 11904, 13900, 29892, 22162, 1218, 12917, 14603, 29892, 322, 278, 23682, 4917, 293, 330, 473, 2527, 29181, 29889, 2178, 892, 2888, 4240, 304, 367, 13460, 519, 541, 13303, 29889, 5852, 21684, 2857, 4426, 526, 12891, 263, 740, 310, 15935, 29892, 817, 29892, 2834, 3114, 29892, 322, 2022, 2877, 29889, 478, 2728, 1474, 599, 8162, 892, 2825, 304, 15523, 322, 318, 572, 2027 ]	1,024	C4	0.51292	-0.966206	-0.094026	-0.329437
One Day In Kraków: 17 Things To Do With 24 Hours In Kraków Only have one day in Kraków? Here is what to do If you only have one day in Kraków, one of the best ways to enjoy the city is by taking a tour of Kraków's Old Town and Royal Road. When Kraków was the royal capital of Poland from the 14th to 16th centuries, this historic street was used for many important events including coronation processions, royal funerals, weddings, and for foreign envoys. The route runs from the old Medieval walls near St. Florian's Gate in the north, through the Old Town, and finally to Wawel Cathedral in the south. Most of Kraków's must see sights can be found by walking along the Royal Road, making it perfect for those with only 24 hours in Kraków. 1 – Planty By the early 19th century, the old defensive walls surrounding the city were in disrepair as Kraków began to expand and modernize. Emperor Franz I of Austro-Hungary ordered the medieval city walls to be dismantled, the towers to be removed, and the moats to be filled in. Fortunately, the Barbican and Florian's Gate were spared destruction. The defensive walls were replaced with gardens, fountains, walkways, and statues, part of an urban development project. Today, this green belt is known as the Planty, a 4 milometer (2.5 mile) park which encircles the entire Old Town of Kraków. The world Planty comes from the Polish word plantovac which means "flat." If you have the time, a great way to enjoy Kraków is by walking the entire park which circles the entire Old Town. This pleasant walk, which takes at least two hours to fully appreciate, will take you through some of the quieter parts of Kraków. While you will encounter some tourists with guidebook and camera in hand, you are more likely to encounter street musicians, locals walking their dogs, and couples holding hands. 2 – Kraków Barbican and the Old City Walls The imposing Kraków Barbican (Barbakan Krakowski) is located just north of Old Town (Stare Miasto). This round fortified defensive outpost provided extra security along the city walls and protected weaker points along the wall, for example, where there were gates. This Barbican is one of only three remaining defensive outposts in Europe with Kraków Barbican being the best preserved. Kraków Barbican was built in a Gothic-style at the end of the 15th century. The red brick and stone tower has a diameter of 25 meters (82 feet) with walls that are 3 meters (9.8 feet) wide at its base and 0.5 meters (1.6 feet) wide at the top. Its walls feature 130 narrow defensive slots known as embrasures which were used by archers or gunners to attack invaders. 3 – Grunwald Monument The Grunwald Monument (Pomnik Grunwaldzki) is an equestrian statue monument located in the center of Matejko Square just north of the Barbican. Matejko Square honors the 500th anniversary of the Battle of Grunwald. The Battle of Grumwald, which occurred on July 15, 1410, was one of the most important battles in Poland's history. During the battle, soldiers from Poland and Lithuania fought together to defeat the Teutonic Knights, a group of German crusaders brought to Poland as mercenaries. The bronze and granite Grunwald Monument was designed by two Polish sculptors, Antoni Wiwulski and Franciszek Black. On July 15, 1910, 500 years to the day after the Battle of Grumwald, the monument was revealed to the public. During World War II, the monument was destroyed by German soldiers. It was not until 1976 that the monument was reconstructed based on original plans. The Grunwald Monument is 24 meters (78.7 feet) tall. At the top is an equestrian statue of King Władysław Jagiełło, the King of Poland from 1377 to 1381. The king holds a bridle in his left hand and his sword in his right hand. Standing just below the king is a statue of Vytautas the Great, the Grand Duke of Lithuania. Just below Vytautas	[ 3118, 8373, 512, 22544, 2165, 29901, 29871, 29896, 29955, 28706, 1763, 1938, 2973, 29871, 29906, 29946, 379, 2470, 512, 22544, 2165, 13, 11730, 505, 697, 2462, 297, 22544, 2165, 29973, 2266, 338, 825, 304, 437, 13, 3644, 366, 871, 505, 697, 2462, 297, 22544, 2165, 29892, 697, 310, 278, 1900, 5837, 304, 13389, 278, 4272, 338, 491, 5622, 263, 6282, 310, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 8198, 8421, 322, 7021, 9321, 29889, 1932, 22544, 2165, 471, 278, 15150, 7483, 310, 18898, 515, 278, 29871, 29896, 29946, 386, 304, 29871, 29896, 29953, 386, 21726, 29892, 445, 22879, 11952, 471, 1304, 363, 1784, 4100, 4959, 3704, 25082, 362, 1889, 1080, 29892, 15150, 2090, 261, 1338, 29892, 14837, 29881, 886, 29892, 322, 363, 9117, 427, 1365, 952, 29889, 13, 1576, 5782, 6057, 515, 278, 2030, 3436, 16837, 14603, 2978, 624, 29889, 6953, 713, 29915, 29879, 22510, 297, 278, 6641, 29892, 1549, 278, 8198, 8421, 29892, 322, 7146, 304, 399, 1450, 295, 315, 21471, 297, 278, 7062, 29889, 7849, 310, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 1818, 1074, 269, 5861, 508, 367, 1476, 491, 22049, 3412, 278, 7021, 9321, 29892, 3907, 372, 4922, 363, 1906, 411, 871, 29871, 29906, 29946, 6199, 297, 22544, 2165, 29889, 13, 29896, 785, 18058, 29891, 13, 2059, 278, 4688, 29871, 29896, 29929, 386, 6462, 29892, 278, 2030, 822, 6270, 14603, 18830, 278, 4272, 892, 297, 766, 3445, 1466, 408, 22544, 2165, 4689, 304, 7985, 322, 5400, 675, 29889, 18075, 11694, 306, 310, 3330, 307, 29899, 29950, 686, 653, 10372, 278, 27690, 4272, 14603, 304, 367, 766, 29885, 424, 839, 29892, 278, 304, 17538, 304, 367, 6206, 29892, 322, 278, 2730, 1446, 304, 367, 10423, 297, 29889, 7236, 348, 2486, 29892, 278, 21826, 2185, 322, 6953, 713, 29915, 29879, 22510, 892, 805, 1965, 22104, 29889, 13, 1576, 822, 6270, 14603, 892, 8611, 411, 17161, 575, 29892, 285, 792, 2708, 29892, 6686, 1994, 29892, 322, 1002, 1041, 29892, 760, 310, 385, 17164, 5849, 2060, 29889, 20628, 29892, 445, 7933, 1339, 29873, 338, 2998, 408, 278, 18058, 29891, 29892, 263, 29871, 29946, 2316, 8328, 313, 29906, 29889, 29945, 17967, 29897, 14089, 607, 2094, 381, 7799, 278, 4152, 8198, 8421, 310, 22544, 2165, 29889, 450, 3186, 18058, 29891, 5304, 515, 278, 19919, 1734, 8024, 586, 562, 607, 2794, 376, 20620, 1213, 13, 3644, 366, 505, 278, 931, 29892, 263, 2107, 982, 304, 13389, 22544, 2165, 338, 491, 22049, 278, 4152, 14089, 607, 22558, 278, 4152, 8198, 8421, 29889, 910, 21246, 6686, 29892, 607, 4893, 472, 3203, 1023, 6199, 304, 8072, 11188, 29892, 674, 2125, 366, 1549, 777, 310, 278, 1750, 1308, 5633, 310, 22544, 2165, 29889, 5806, 366, 674, 11735, 777, 6282, 2879, 411, 10754, 2909, 322, 10656, 297, 1361, 29892, 366, 526, 901, 5517, 304, 11735, 11952, 2301, 14722, 29892, 1180, 1338, 22049, 1009, 26361, 29892, 322, 3581, 2701, 13587, 6567, 29889, 13, 29906, 785, 22544, 2165, 21826, 2185, 322, 278, 8198, 4412, 399, 4293, 13, 1576, 7275, 292, 22544, 2165, 21826, 2185, 313, 4297, 29890, 557, 273, 22544, 11716, 29897, 338, 5982, 925, 6641, 310, 8198, 8421, 313, 855, 598, 341, 3173, 517, 467, 910, 4513, 5162, 2164, 822, 6270, 714, 2490, 4944, 4805, 6993, 3412, 278, 4272, 14603, 322, 6364, 591, 5790, 3291, 3412, 278, 10090, 29892, 363, 1342, 29892, 988, 727, 892, 29341, 29889, 910, 21826, 2185, 338, 697, 310, 871, 2211, 9886, 822, 6270, 714, 14080, 297, 4092, 411, 22544, 2165, 21826, 2185, 1641, 278, 1900, 21634, 29889, 13, 29968, 4442, 2165, 21826, 2185, 471, 4240, 297, 263, 22883, 293, 29899, 3293, 472, 278, 1095, 310, 278, 29871, 29896, 29945, 386, 6462, 29889, 450, 2654, 28645, 322, 12565, 19372, 756, 263, 24235, 310, 29871, 29906, 29945, 27881, 313, 29947, 29906, 6900, 29897, 411, 14603, 393, 526, 29871, 29941, 27881, 313, 29929, 29889, 29947, 6900, 29897, 9377, 472, 967, 2967, 322, 29871, 29900, 29889, 29945, 27881, 313, 29896, 29889, 29953, 6900, 29897, 9377, 472, 278, 2246, 29889, 8011, 14603, 4682, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29900, 12474, 822, 6270, 2243, 1862, 2998, 408, 953, 15863, 1973, 607, 892, 1304, 491, 3190, 414, 470, 330, 5963, 414, 304, 5337, 2437, 24574, 29889, 13, 29941, 785, 1632, 348, 18370, 23542, 13, 1576, 1632, 348, 18370, 23542, 313, 29925, 290, 5585, 1632, 348, 18370, 29920, 1984, 29897, 338, 385, 321, 1119, 6392, 24870, 13849, 5982, 297, 278, 4818, 310, 29566, 29926, 2901, 19256, 925, 6641, 310, 278, 21826, 2185, 29889, 29566, 29926, 2901, 19256, 4207, 943, 278, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29900, 386, 6957, 27547, 310, 278, 12788, 310, 1632, 348, 18370, 29889, 450, 12788, 310, 1632, 398, 18370, 29892, 607, 10761, 373, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29896, 29900, 29892, 471, 697, 310, 278, 1556, 4100, 8957, 793, 297, 18898, 29915, 29879, 4955, 29889, 7133, 278, 10555, 29892, 13936, 515, 18898, 322, 27620, 29884, 4807, 20722, 4208, 304, 20653, 278, 1920, 329, 8927, 8360, 5861, 29892, 263, 2318, 310, 5332, 2181, 375, 24574, 6296, 304, 18898, 408, 2778, 10278, 4314, 29889, 13, 1576, 18449, 322, 3803, 568, 1632, 348, 18370, 23542, 471, 8688, 491, 1023, 19919, 17039, 943, 29892, 5774, 29875, 399, 9429, 352, 2574, 322, 5845, 11907, 6054, 29889, 1551, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29896, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29900, 2440, 304, 278, 2462, 1156, 278, 12788, 310, 1632, 398, 18370, 29892, 278, 13849, 471, 17845, 304, 278, 970, 29889, 7133, 2787, 3362, 1944, 29892, 278, 13849, 471, 14416, 491, 5332, 13936, 29889, 739, 471, 451, 2745, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29953, 393, 278, 13849, 471, 337, 11433, 287, 2729, 373, 2441, 13900, 29889, 13, 1576, 1632, 348, 18370, 23542, 338, 29871, 29906, 29946, 27881, 313, 29955, 29947, 29889, 29955, 6900, 29897, 15655, 29889, 2180, 278, 2246, 338, 385, 321, 1119, 6392, 24870, 310, 4088, 399, 8650, 952, 8479, 24423, 347, 30006, 5600, 29892, 278, 4088, 310, 18898, 515, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29955, 29955, 304, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29947, 29896, 29889, 450, 6989, 8640, 263, 28635, 280, 297, 670, 2175, 1361, 322, 670, 22378, 297, 670, 1492, 1361, 29889, 6679, 292, 925, 2400, 278, 6989, 338, 263, 24870, 310, 478, 29891, 941, 329, 294, 278, 7027, 29892, 278, 6265, 13484, 310, 27620, 29884, 4807, 29889, 3387, 2400, 478, 29891, 941, 329, 294 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.234299	-0.028638	1.769132	1.225413
is a statue depicting a slain Ulrich von Jungingen, the Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights. On the back of the monument is a statue of a peasant removing his shackles. On the left side is a Lithuanian warrior blowing a horn while walking with a captured Teutonic knight. And, on the right side, is a Polish knight and page collecting Teutonic banners. 4 – St. Florian's Gate (Brama Floriańska) This impressive rectangular gate, named after Saint Florian, is known as St. Florian's Gate (Brama Floriańska). It is one of the most notable and iconic Gothic towers in all of Poland and an important cultural icon of Kraków's Old Town. The tower measures in at 33.5 meters (109.9 feet) tall. St. Florian's Gate was built in 1307. The gate was part of the new city defenses which surrounded Kraków. At its height of existence, the city wall featured 17 towers, 47 watchtowers, and eight gates including this one. This was the main entryway into the Old Town. Those who wished to enter the Old Town would first have to pass through the Barbican, walk across a drawbridge over the town moat, then finally pass through St. Florian's Gate. Stand in front of the gate on its northern side and look halfway up the tower. It is here where you will find a crowned white eagle. This eagle, a historic symbol of Poland, represents the courage and freedom of the Poles. Inside the gate is a small chapel with a replica of Black Madonna of Częstochowa (Czarna Madonna or Matka Boska Częstochowska), the "Queen Protector of Poland." Polish Catholics consider this to be their most important religious symbol. The original statue is located 112 kilometers (70 miles) to the north in Czestochowska. About halfway up the tower, on its southern side, is a statue of Saint Florian who was adopted as patron saint of Poland in 1184. He is also the patron saint of the fire brigade as fire was a big concern in medieval Kraków when buildings were constructed of wood. 5 – Floriańska Street (Ulica Floriańska) One of the most famous streets in Old Town Kraków is Floriańska Street (Ulica Floriańska) or St. Florian's Street. Floriańska Street, which dates back to 1257, runs for 335 meters (1,099 feet) from St. Florian's Gate to Main Market Square. There are currently 51 numbered buildings lining Floriańska Street. Here you will find an odd mix of historic kamienica-style buildings (brick or stone residential buildings), international fast food chains, shops, restaurants, hotels, and museums. At #45 is Kawiarnia Jama Michalika (Jama Michalika Cafe). At the turn of the 20th century, this dark cafe was a local hangout of the Młoda Polska (Young Poland) movement, which popularized Art Nouveau in Poland. A block further at #20 is Staropolskie Trunki, one of the best spots in town to sample affordable Polish vodka and mulled wine. While the amount of local vodkas and liquors behind the bar can be overwhelming for first time visitors to Poland, the friendly and knowledgeable lady behind the bar will explain everything to help you find that perfect drink. Hungry? Well, then you are in luck. You can find it all here. Polish restaurants, international fast food chains, pizza shops, and kebab windows. Some of these shops sell zapiekanka, an open-face sandwich topped with a wide variety of ingredients. I think of it as a Polish-French pizza. Another local specialty is obwarzanek krakowski, a ring-shaped bread that is boiled then baked until the crust is golden brown and crunchy while the inside is moist. The old fashioned blue carts selling fresh obwarzanek krakowski are easy to spot on Floriańska Street. 6 – Main Market Square (Rynek Główny) You are now standing in one of world's most magnificent squares. This is the Main Market Square (Rynek Główny), the heart of Kraków since the	[ 338, 263, 24870, 1401, 919, 292, 263, 269, 7420, 29732, 1005, 20260, 4289, 29892, 278, 6265, 9082, 310, 278, 1920, 329, 8927, 8360, 5861, 29889, 1551, 278, 1250, 310, 278, 13849, 338, 263, 24870, 310, 263, 1236, 13186, 11077, 670, 528, 547, 793, 29889, 1551, 278, 2175, 2625, 338, 263, 27620, 12323, 713, 1370, 13479, 13031, 292, 263, 25341, 1550, 22049, 411, 263, 15468, 1920, 329, 8927, 889, 523, 29889, 1126, 29892, 373, 278, 1492, 2625, 29892, 338, 263, 19919, 889, 523, 322, 1813, 6314, 292, 1920, 329, 8927, 289, 812, 414, 29889, 13, 29946, 785, 624, 29889, 6953, 713, 29915, 29879, 22510, 313, 29933, 20556, 2379, 4108, 27123, 29897, 13, 4013, 21210, 573, 7705, 6825, 12417, 29892, 4257, 1156, 4107, 6953, 713, 29892, 338, 2998, 408, 624, 29889, 6953, 713, 29915, 29879, 22510, 313, 29933, 20556, 2379, 4108, 27123, 467, 739, 338, 697, 310, 278, 1556, 18697, 322, 9849, 293, 22883, 293, 304, 17538, 297, 599, 310, 18898, 322, 385, 4100, 16375, 9849, 310, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 8198, 8421, 29889, 450, 19372, 15366, 297, 472, 29871, 29941, 29941, 29889, 29945, 27881, 313, 29896, 29900, 29929, 29889, 29929, 6900, 29897, 15655, 29889, 13, 855, 29889, 6953, 713, 29915, 29879, 22510, 471, 4240, 297, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29900, 29955, 29889, 450, 12417, 471, 760, 310, 278, 716, 4272, 822, 11259, 607, 22047, 22544, 2165, 29889, 2180, 967, 3171, 310, 10379, 29892, 278, 4272, 10090, 15000, 29871, 29896, 29955, 304, 17538, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29955, 6505, 29873, 340, 414, 29892, 322, 9475, 29341, 3704, 445, 697, 29889, 13, 4013, 471, 278, 1667, 6251, 1582, 964, 278, 8198, 8421, 29889, 16025, 1058, 20024, 304, 3896, 278, 8198, 8421, 723, 937, 505, 304, 1209, 1549, 278, 21826, 2185, 29892, 6686, 4822, 263, 4216, 18419, 975, 278, 4726, 2730, 271, 29892, 769, 7146, 1209, 1549, 624, 29889, 6953, 713, 29915, 29879, 22510, 29889, 13, 11042, 297, 4565, 310, 278, 12417, 373, 967, 14622, 2625, 322, 1106, 4203, 1582, 701, 278, 19372, 29889, 739, 338, 1244, 988, 366, 674, 1284, 263, 20844, 287, 4796, 321, 20860, 29889, 910, 321, 20860, 29892, 263, 22879, 5829, 310, 18898, 29892, 11524, 278, 19872, 322, 16082, 310, 278, 2043, 267, 29889, 13, 797, 2975, 278, 12417, 338, 263, 2319, 10708, 295, 411, 263, 1634, 10123, 310, 6054, 26432, 310, 15185, 30023, 303, 2878, 5604, 313, 29907, 29920, 11441, 26432, 470, 5345, 1335, 10211, 1335, 15185, 30023, 303, 2878, 340, 4621, 511, 278, 376, 8654, 264, 14409, 2801, 310, 18898, 1213, 19919, 315, 6347, 1199, 2050, 445, 304, 367, 1009, 1556, 4100, 12962, 5829, 29889, 450, 2441, 24870, 338, 5982, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29906, 20052, 2699, 313, 29955, 29900, 7800, 29897, 304, 278, 6641, 297, 15185, 342, 2878, 340, 4621, 29889, 13, 28173, 4203, 1582, 701, 278, 19372, 29892, 373, 967, 14841, 2625, 29892, 338, 263, 24870, 310, 4107, 6953, 713, 1058, 471, 16356, 408, 18259, 22635, 310, 18898, 297, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29947, 29946, 29889, 940, 338, 884, 278, 18259, 22635, 310, 278, 3974, 16724, 1943, 408, 3974, 471, 263, 4802, 5932, 297, 27690, 22544, 2165, 746, 13814, 892, 13319, 310, 8112, 29889, 13, 29945, 785, 2379, 4108, 27123, 7103, 313, 29965, 10123, 2379, 4108, 27123, 29897, 13, 6716, 310, 278, 1556, 13834, 19756, 297, 8198, 8421, 22544, 2165, 338, 2379, 4108, 27123, 7103, 313, 29965, 10123, 2379, 4108, 27123, 29897, 470, 624, 29889, 6953, 713, 29915, 29879, 7103, 29889, 2379, 4108, 27123, 7103, 29892, 607, 10116, 1250, 304, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29945, 29955, 29892, 6057, 363, 29871, 29941, 29941, 29945, 27881, 313, 29896, 29892, 29900, 29929, 29929, 6900, 29897, 515, 624, 29889, 6953, 713, 29915, 29879, 22510, 304, 4241, 28794, 19256, 29889, 13, 8439, 526, 5279, 29871, 29945, 29896, 1353, 287, 13814, 301, 2827, 2379, 4108, 27123, 7103, 29889, 2266, 366, 674, 1284, 385, 7736, 6837, 310, 22879, 9286, 819, 983, 29899, 3293, 13814, 313, 1182, 860, 470, 12565, 20201, 616, 13814, 511, 6121, 5172, 9687, 521, 2708, 29892, 528, 3554, 29892, 12374, 1934, 29892, 7375, 1379, 29892, 322, 19133, 29879, 29889, 13, 4178, 396, 29946, 29945, 338, 476, 1450, 29875, 2753, 423, 435, 3304, 3375, 284, 4106, 313, 29967, 3304, 3375, 284, 4106, 9243, 1725, 467, 2180, 278, 2507, 310, 278, 29871, 29906, 29900, 386, 6462, 29892, 445, 6501, 5777, 1725, 471, 263, 1887, 13958, 449, 310, 278, 341, 30006, 8887, 2043, 4621, 313, 3492, 865, 18898, 29897, 10298, 29892, 607, 5972, 1891, 3012, 405, 6223, 585, 297, 18898, 29889, 13, 29909, 2908, 4340, 472, 396, 29906, 29900, 338, 7828, 13242, 3941, 1605, 348, 1984, 29892, 697, 310, 278, 1900, 805, 1862, 297, 4726, 304, 4559, 21750, 519, 19919, 325, 397, 1335, 322, 15065, 839, 19006, 29889, 5806, 278, 5253, 310, 1887, 325, 397, 29895, 294, 322, 15617, 943, 5742, 278, 2594, 508, 367, 975, 1332, 295, 4056, 363, 937, 931, 26824, 304, 18898, 29892, 278, 19780, 322, 7134, 519, 11379, 5742, 278, 2594, 674, 5649, 4129, 304, 1371, 366, 1284, 393, 4922, 13748, 29889, 13, 29950, 348, 14793, 29973, 5674, 29892, 769, 366, 526, 297, 9885, 29889, 887, 508, 1284, 372, 599, 1244, 29889, 19919, 12374, 1934, 29892, 6121, 5172, 9687, 521, 2708, 29892, 282, 24990, 528, 3554, 29892, 322, 413, 774, 370, 5417, 29889, 3834, 310, 1438, 528, 3554, 19417, 13792, 11718, 18330, 29892, 385, 1722, 29899, 2161, 11982, 16416, 304, 2986, 411, 263, 9377, 12875, 310, 2348, 1127, 10070, 29889, 306, 1348, 310, 372, 408, 263, 19919, 29899, 29943, 4615, 282, 24990, 29889, 7280, 1887, 4266, 1017, 338, 704, 4495, 24912, 1416, 413, 4442, 11716, 29892, 263, 9228, 29899, 845, 10501, 18423, 393, 338, 1045, 2356, 769, 289, 12535, 2745, 278, 2181, 504, 338, 22843, 17354, 322, 2181, 3322, 29891, 1550, 278, 2768, 338, 2730, 391, 29889, 450, 2030, 13460, 287, 7254, 274, 5708, 269, 7807, 10849, 704, 4495, 24912, 1416, 413, 4442, 11716, 526, 4780, 304, 9758, 373, 2379, 4108, 27123, 7103, 29889, 13, 29953, 785, 4241, 28794, 19256, 313, 29934, 29891, 6750, 402, 30006, 10973, 29891, 29897, 13, 3492, 526, 1286, 13407, 297, 697, 310, 3186, 29915, 29879, 1556, 29154, 296, 25256, 29889, 910, 338, 278, 4241, 28794, 19256, 313, 29934, 29891, 6750, 402, 30006, 10973, 29891, 511, 278, 5192, 310, 22544, 2165, 1951, 278, 29871 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.182675	-0.341972	1.70099	0.582856
13th century. At 40,000 square metres (430,556 square feet), this is the largest medieval town square in all of Europe. Main Market Square has changed little over the centuries which is surrounded by historic townhouses, churches, restaurants, and sights of interests. Dominating this square are many points of interest including St. Mary's Basilica, the Cloth Hall, and the Town Hall Tower. In the past, the square has been used for special events, markets, celebrations, festivals, and public executions. At any time of the year, you are bound to find something going on. During World War II, much of Kraków including the square were saved from destruction. Kraków, with its Germanic roots, was considered a sacred city. While the Germans destroyed any symbol of Polish culture, they decided to save the city of Kraków from total destruction. In between St. Mary's Basilica and the Cloth Hall is a modern fountain and glass pyramid. Located beneath this spot is the Rynek Underground Museum which opened in September, 2010 after a major excavation of the area behind the square. Visitors to this popular museum can learn the complete history of Kraków from its first inhabitants until the death of Pope John Paul II. Not far from the fountain, in the middle of the square in front of the Cloth Hall, is a statue of Adam Mickiewicz. Mickiewicz (1798-1855) is considered to be Poland's greatest poet. He is best known for Dziady (Forefathers' Eve) and Pan Tadeusz, considered to be one of the greatest works of Polish literature. He is burried in Wawel Cathedral. If you are in the mood for a drink, then you could always take a seat at one of the restaurants or cafes lining the square where you can try Polish beer (pivo), vodka (wódka), or coffee. The views can't be beat. If you are worried about the prices, no need to worry. For the location, the prices are very affordable compared to other European cities. 7 – St. Mary's Basilica (Kościół Mariacki) One of the most iconic sights in all of Poland is St. Mary's Basilica (Kościół Mariacki), with its two towers, located on the Main Market Square in the heart of Old Town Kraków. Technically, St. Mary's Basilica only has one tower. The shorter tower on the right is part of the church. The taller tower on the left is a watchtower. A church has stood on this spot since the early 13th century. The original St. Mary's Basilica was founded here around 1220. During the Tatar invasion of Poland in 1241, the basilica was destroyed. The Gothic church as seen today was rebuilt on its foundations starting around the 14th century. The church was consecrated in 1320. According to legend, during the Tatar invasion a soldier standing guard inside the watchtower alerted the city of the invading Mongols by playing his trumpet. Before the sentry could finish his tune, he was shot in throat by an arrow. Today, every hour, on the hour, a trumpeter plays the same tune known as Hejnał Mariacki or St. Mary's Trumpet Call from the same tower. The noon performance is even played on national Polish radio. 8 – Cloth Hall (Sukiennice) Located at the center of Kraków's main square is the iconic Cloth Hall (Sukiennice) which has been an UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1978. A trading hall has been located here since the 13th century during the Middle Ages, making it one of the oldest shopping halls in the world. During this period, cloth sellers would meet here to sell their goods. In the 14th century, Kazimierz the Great turned the hall into a permanent structure. During the golden age of the 15th century, merchants sold not only cloth but exotic imports from the east including spices, silk, and leather. In 1555, the market hall was destroyed by a fire. Not long after, reconstruction on a new hall began. The new Cloth Hall was designed in an Italian Renaissance style, a vision of King Sigismund the Old and his wife Queen Bona Sforza.	[ 29896, 29941, 386, 6462, 29889, 2180, 29871, 29946, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 6862, 17963, 313, 29946, 29941, 29900, 29892, 29945, 29945, 29953, 6862, 6900, 511, 445, 338, 278, 10150, 27690, 4726, 6862, 297, 599, 310, 4092, 29889, 4241, 28794, 19256, 756, 3939, 2217, 975, 278, 21726, 607, 338, 22047, 491, 22879, 4726, 29882, 23676, 29892, 26014, 29892, 12374, 1934, 29892, 322, 269, 5861, 310, 20017, 29889, 13298, 1218, 445, 6862, 526, 1784, 3291, 310, 4066, 3704, 624, 29889, 6182, 29915, 29879, 4886, 309, 983, 29892, 278, 2233, 720, 6573, 29892, 322, 278, 8421, 6573, 23615, 29889, 13, 797, 278, 4940, 29892, 278, 6862, 756, 1063, 1304, 363, 4266, 4959, 29892, 2791, 1691, 29892, 10894, 800, 29892, 29482, 1338, 29892, 322, 970, 8225, 29879, 29889, 2180, 738, 931, 310, 278, 1629, 29892, 366, 526, 3216, 304, 1284, 1554, 2675, 373, 29889, 7133, 2787, 3362, 1944, 29892, 1568, 310, 22544, 2165, 3704, 278, 6862, 892, 7160, 515, 22104, 29889, 22544, 2165, 29892, 411, 967, 5332, 293, 16778, 29892, 471, 5545, 263, 26546, 4272, 29889, 5806, 278, 7287, 550, 14416, 738, 5829, 310, 19919, 9257, 29892, 896, 8459, 304, 4078, 278, 4272, 310, 22544, 2165, 515, 3001, 22104, 29889, 13, 797, 1546, 624, 29889, 6182, 29915, 29879, 4886, 309, 983, 322, 278, 2233, 720, 6573, 338, 263, 5400, 285, 792, 475, 322, 12917, 11451, 2572, 333, 29889, 5976, 630, 19540, 445, 9758, 338, 278, 15586, 6750, 7634, 2057, 6838, 607, 6496, 297, 3839, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 1156, 263, 4655, 5566, 485, 362, 310, 278, 4038, 5742, 278, 6862, 29889, 5741, 17259, 304, 445, 5972, 19133, 508, 5110, 278, 4866, 4955, 310, 22544, 2165, 515, 967, 937, 19681, 2745, 278, 4892, 310, 20635, 2259, 3739, 1944, 29889, 13, 3664, 2215, 515, 278, 285, 792, 475, 29892, 297, 278, 7256, 310, 278, 6862, 297, 4565, 310, 278, 2233, 720, 6573, 29892, 338, 263, 24870, 310, 11783, 341, 860, 646, 5175, 29889, 341, 860, 646, 5175, 313, 29896, 29955, 29929, 29947, 29899, 29896, 29947, 29945, 29945, 29897, 338, 5545, 304, 367, 18898, 29915, 29879, 14176, 9821, 29889, 940, 338, 1900, 2998, 363, 360, 2526, 3714, 313, 29943, 487, 29888, 19467, 29915, 382, 345, 29897, 322, 6518, 323, 1943, 10958, 29892, 5545, 304, 367, 697, 310, 278, 14176, 1736, 310, 19919, 12845, 29889, 940, 338, 6866, 1255, 297, 399, 1450, 295, 315, 21471, 29889, 13, 3644, 366, 526, 297, 278, 286, 2092, 363, 263, 13748, 29892, 769, 366, 1033, 2337, 2125, 263, 12949, 472, 697, 310, 278, 12374, 1934, 470, 274, 2142, 267, 301, 2827, 278, 6862, 988, 366, 508, 1018, 19919, 367, 261, 313, 29886, 4243, 511, 325, 397, 1335, 313, 29893, 4431, 1335, 511, 470, 26935, 29889, 450, 8386, 508, 29915, 29873, 367, 16646, 29889, 960, 366, 526, 6365, 1255, 1048, 278, 26094, 29892, 694, 817, 304, 15982, 29889, 1152, 278, 4423, 29892, 278, 26094, 526, 1407, 21750, 519, 9401, 304, 916, 7824, 14368, 29889, 13, 29955, 785, 624, 29889, 6182, 29915, 29879, 4886, 309, 983, 313, 29968, 29877, 30045, 2617, 30006, 6217, 22736, 29897, 13, 6716, 310, 278, 1556, 9849, 293, 269, 5861, 297, 599, 310, 18898, 338, 624, 29889, 6182, 29915, 29879, 4886, 309, 983, 313, 29968, 29877, 30045, 2617, 30006, 6217, 22736, 511, 411, 967, 1023, 304, 17538, 29892, 5982, 373, 278, 4241, 28794, 19256, 297, 278, 5192, 310, 8198, 8421, 22544, 2165, 29889, 8364, 1711, 29892, 624, 29889, 6182, 29915, 29879, 4886, 309, 983, 871, 756, 697, 19372, 29889, 450, 20511, 19372, 373, 278, 1492, 338, 760, 310, 278, 6586, 29889, 450, 260, 12572, 19372, 373, 278, 2175, 338, 263, 6505, 29873, 1680, 29889, 13, 29909, 6586, 756, 8389, 373, 445, 9758, 1951, 278, 4688, 29871, 29896, 29941, 386, 6462, 29889, 450, 2441, 624, 29889, 6182, 29915, 29879, 4886, 309, 983, 471, 11091, 1244, 2820, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29906, 29900, 29889, 7133, 278, 323, 14873, 28425, 310, 18898, 297, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29946, 29896, 29892, 278, 2362, 309, 983, 471, 14416, 29889, 450, 22883, 293, 6586, 408, 3595, 9826, 471, 337, 16145, 373, 967, 1476, 800, 6257, 2820, 278, 29871, 29896, 29946, 386, 6462, 29889, 450, 6586, 471, 11888, 29878, 630, 297, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29906, 29900, 29889, 13, 7504, 3278, 304, 15983, 29892, 2645, 278, 323, 14873, 28425, 263, 20767, 13407, 8372, 2768, 278, 6505, 29873, 1680, 6655, 287, 278, 4272, 310, 278, 2437, 9382, 21952, 3775, 491, 8743, 670, 534, 3427, 300, 29889, 10949, 278, 2665, 719, 1033, 8341, 670, 260, 1540, 29892, 540, 471, 10322, 297, 20961, 271, 491, 385, 16578, 29889, 20628, 29892, 1432, 7234, 29892, 373, 278, 7234, 29892, 263, 534, 3427, 1308, 13582, 278, 1021, 260, 1540, 2998, 408, 940, 27983, 30006, 6217, 22736, 470, 624, 29889, 6182, 29915, 29879, 27504, 300, 8251, 515, 278, 1021, 19372, 29889, 450, 694, 265, 4180, 338, 1584, 5318, 373, 4797, 19919, 7155, 29889, 13, 29947, 785, 2233, 720, 6573, 313, 29903, 2679, 819, 16533, 29897, 13, 3524, 630, 472, 278, 4818, 310, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 1667, 6862, 338, 278, 9849, 293, 2233, 720, 6573, 313, 29903, 2679, 819, 16533, 29897, 607, 756, 1063, 385, 8291, 2890, 3217, 2787, 25635, 10781, 1951, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29947, 29889, 13, 29909, 3534, 292, 12713, 756, 1063, 5982, 1244, 1951, 278, 29871, 29896, 29941, 386, 6462, 2645, 278, 14253, 319, 2710, 29892, 3907, 372, 697, 310, 278, 23947, 17394, 3262, 298, 4293, 297, 278, 3186, 29889, 7133, 445, 3785, 29892, 13950, 19417, 414, 723, 5870, 1244, 304, 19417, 1009, 22535, 29889, 512, 278, 29871, 29896, 29946, 386, 6462, 29892, 15198, 326, 15952, 278, 7027, 6077, 278, 12713, 964, 263, 17667, 3829, 29889, 7133, 278, 22843, 5046, 310, 278, 29871, 29896, 29945, 386, 6462, 29892, 2778, 305, 1934, 5239, 451, 871, 13950, 541, 429, 13574, 24802, 515, 278, 9755, 3704, 805, 1575, 29892, 4047, 29895, 29892, 322, 454, 1624, 29889, 13, 797, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29945, 29945, 29892, 278, 9999, 12713, 471, 14416, 491, 263, 3974, 29889, 2216, 1472, 1156, 29892, 17789, 4080, 373, 263, 716, 12713, 4689, 29889, 450, 716, 2233, 720, 6573, 471, 8688, 297, 385, 10545, 27263, 3114, 29892, 263, 18551, 310, 4088, 15861, 1608, 870, 278, 8198, 322, 670, 6532, 10470, 350, 2681, 317, 1454, 1362, 29889 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.601103	-0.103179	2.038116	1.007854
During this period, many Italian architects and artists arrived in Poland. If you look on the gable high above the entryway, you will notice a large letter S which stands for Sigismund. In the late 19th century, the hall went through a restoration bringing it back to its former glory. Today, the Cloth Hall is still a functioning market hall selling mostly Polish souvenirs including wood carvings, jewelry, rugs, painted boxes, and trinkets. While most shops cater towards tourists, prices are affordable for the location compared to other European cities. On the second floor of the Cloth Hall is the Gallery of 19th Century Polish Art for those interested in Polish art. 9 – Church of St. Adalbert This small, copper-domed church located in the southeast corner of Main Market Square is the Church of St. Adalbert, also known as the Church of St. Wojciech (Kościół św. Wojciecha). The oldest parts of this church date back to the 11th century, making it one of the oldest stone churches in Poland. The Church of St. Adalbert predates the Main Market Square. When built, the church was aligned east to west, which was custom at the time. So while the church looks crooked, in reality, the square is crooked. Any other "crooked" building you encounter walking around the Old Town probably predates the rebuilding of Kraków after it was destroyed by the Mongols in 1241. The oldest Romanesque parts of the church were constructed in the 11th and 12th centuries. Between 1611 and 1618, the church was reconstructed in a Baroque style which included the addition of the dome. If visit in the summer when the interior is open, peak inside to view the Baroque architecture which dates back to the 18th century. 10 – Town Hall Tower (Wieża ratuszowa w Krakowie) This lonely tower located on the Main Market Square next to the Cloth Market is known as the Town Hall Tower (Wieża ratuszowa w Krakowie). It is all that remains of Kraków's old Town Hall. The Town Hall was first built on this location in 1316. Over the centuries, the hall was expanded, rebuilt, and renovated. By the early 19th century, Kraków's importance had declined and in 1820, its Town Hall was demolished. All that remained was this 70 meter (229 foot) Gothic tower built of brick and stone. Visitors to the tower will find a small, unimpressive museum inside. Those who wish to climb to the top of the tower will be disappointed in the underwhelming views of the city below. 11 – Eros Bendato Sculpture (The Head) Located near the base of the Town Hall Tower is a hard to miss sculpture of a gigantic empty head wrapped in cloth. While this well known Igor Mitoraj sculpture is officially known as Eros Bendato, it is usually referred to as "The Head." The sculpture, which was completed in 1999, was designed by Igor Mitoraj (1944-2014), a Polish contemporary artist and sculptor who studied at the Kraków Academy of Art. In 2003, Mitoraj gifted the Eros Bendato sculpture to the city of Kraków. The original plan was to place the sculpture in the square in front of Galeria Krakowska near Kraków Główny Station. Mitoraj insisted that the sculpture be placed in the Main Market Square. Despite protests from locals and historians who claimed the modern sculpture clashed with the old town charm, the sculpture found a home in the western corner of the square near the Town Hall Tower. Today, the Eros Bendato sculpture is a popular meeting point and accidental tourist attraction. During the day, you can usually find children or tourists climbing in and around the hollow head. It makes for a unique photo. 12 – Jagiellonian University (Uniwersytet Jagielloński) and Great College (Collegium Maius) Founded in 1364 by Kazimierz the Great, Jagiellonian University (Uniwersytet Jagielloński) is the oldest university in Poland and the second oldest university in Central Europe after Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic. With around 150,0	[ 7133, 445, 3785, 29892, 1784, 10545, 6956, 29879, 322, 17906, 11977, 297, 18898, 29889, 960, 366, 1106, 373, 278, 330, 519, 1880, 2038, 278, 6251, 1582, 29892, 366, 674, 8369, 263, 2919, 5497, 317, 607, 15028, 363, 15861, 1608, 870, 29889, 512, 278, 5683, 29871, 29896, 29929, 386, 6462, 29892, 278, 12713, 3512, 1549, 263, 1791, 12418, 20794, 372, 1250, 304, 967, 4642, 26080, 29889, 13, 29911, 397, 388, 29892, 278, 2233, 720, 6573, 338, 1603, 263, 740, 292, 9999, 12713, 269, 7807, 11149, 19919, 3669, 854, 12935, 3704, 8112, 1559, 29894, 886, 29892, 432, 809, 295, 719, 29892, 364, 16926, 29892, 23139, 16273, 29892, 322, 534, 682, 1691, 29889, 5806, 1556, 528, 3554, 274, 1008, 7113, 6282, 2879, 29892, 26094, 526, 21750, 519, 363, 278, 4423, 9401, 304, 916, 7824, 14368, 29889, 13, 2951, 278, 1473, 11904, 310, 278, 2233, 720, 6573, 338, 278, 15230, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 386, 24027, 19919, 3012, 363, 1906, 8852, 297, 19919, 1616, 29889, 13, 29929, 785, 6291, 310, 624, 29889, 2087, 284, 2151, 13, 4013, 2319, 29892, 1302, 2496, 29899, 3129, 287, 6586, 5982, 297, 278, 13267, 15879, 11155, 310, 4241, 28794, 19256, 338, 278, 6291, 310, 624, 29889, 2087, 284, 2151, 29892, 884, 2998, 408, 278, 6291, 310, 624, 29889, 17404, 5295, 305, 313, 29968, 29877, 30045, 2617, 30006, 24785, 29889, 17404, 5295, 5815, 467, 450, 23947, 5633, 310, 445, 6586, 2635, 1250, 304, 278, 29871, 29896, 29896, 386, 6462, 29892, 3907, 372, 697, 310, 278, 23947, 12565, 26014, 297, 18898, 29889, 13, 1576, 6291, 310, 624, 29889, 2087, 284, 2151, 4450, 1078, 278, 4241, 28794, 19256, 29889, 1932, 4240, 29892, 278, 6586, 471, 26118, 9755, 304, 5833, 29892, 607, 471, 2888, 472, 278, 931, 29889, 1105, 1550, 278, 6586, 3430, 8182, 12504, 29892, 297, 16832, 29892, 278, 6862, 338, 8182, 12504, 29889, 3139, 916, 376, 24077, 12504, 29908, 5214, 366, 11735, 22049, 2820, 278, 8198, 8421, 3117, 4450, 1078, 278, 337, 25237, 310, 22544, 2165, 1156, 372, 471, 14416, 491, 278, 21952, 3775, 297, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29946, 29896, 29889, 13, 1576, 23947, 5917, 267, 802, 5633, 310, 278, 6586, 892, 13319, 297, 278, 29871, 29896, 29896, 386, 322, 29871, 29896, 29906, 386, 21726, 29889, 21674, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29896, 29896, 322, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29896, 29947, 29892, 278, 6586, 471, 337, 11433, 287, 297, 263, 2261, 29877, 802, 3114, 607, 5134, 278, 6124, 310, 278, 270, 608, 29889, 13, 3644, 6493, 297, 278, 11801, 746, 278, 13290, 338, 1722, 29892, 19224, 2768, 304, 1776, 278, 2261, 29877, 802, 11258, 607, 10116, 1250, 304, 278, 29871, 29896, 29947, 386, 6462, 29889, 13, 29896, 29900, 785, 8421, 6573, 23615, 313, 29956, 16086, 29874, 364, 2389, 29920, 5604, 281, 22544, 4238, 29897, 13, 4013, 23123, 873, 19372, 5982, 373, 278, 4241, 28794, 19256, 2446, 304, 278, 2233, 720, 28794, 338, 2998, 408, 278, 8421, 6573, 23615, 313, 29956, 16086, 29874, 364, 2389, 29920, 5604, 281, 22544, 4238, 467, 739, 338, 599, 393, 9242, 310, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 2030, 8421, 6573, 29889, 13, 1576, 8421, 6573, 471, 937, 4240, 373, 445, 4423, 297, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29896, 29953, 29889, 6811, 278, 21726, 29892, 278, 12713, 471, 17832, 29892, 337, 16145, 29892, 322, 25615, 630, 29889, 2648, 278, 4688, 29871, 29896, 29929, 386, 6462, 29892, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 13500, 750, 4845, 1312, 322, 297, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29906, 29900, 29892, 967, 8421, 6573, 471, 27745, 3276, 29889, 2178, 393, 9488, 471, 445, 29871, 29955, 29900, 11134, 313, 29906, 29906, 29929, 3661, 29897, 22883, 293, 19372, 4240, 310, 28645, 322, 12565, 29889, 13, 6116, 17259, 304, 278, 19372, 674, 1284, 263, 2319, 29892, 443, 326, 2139, 573, 19133, 2768, 29889, 16025, 1058, 6398, 304, 10784, 29890, 304, 278, 2246, 310, 278, 19372, 674, 367, 23451, 287, 297, 278, 1090, 1332, 295, 4056, 8386, 310, 278, 4272, 2400, 29889, 13, 29896, 29896, 785, 382, 1883, 350, 355, 1219, 317, 1810, 415, 545, 313, 1576, 12252, 29897, 13, 3524, 630, 2978, 278, 2967, 310, 278, 8421, 6573, 23615, 338, 263, 2898, 304, 3052, 17039, 545, 310, 263, 19340, 7716, 4069, 2343, 21021, 297, 13950, 29889, 5806, 445, 1532, 2998, 12815, 272, 341, 2105, 1175, 17039, 545, 338, 22444, 2998, 408, 382, 1883, 350, 355, 1219, 29892, 372, 338, 5491, 12992, 304, 408, 376, 1576, 12252, 1213, 450, 17039, 545, 29892, 607, 471, 8676, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29929, 29892, 471, 8688, 491, 12815, 272, 341, 2105, 1175, 313, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29946, 29899, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 511, 263, 19919, 24952, 7664, 322, 17039, 272, 1058, 12399, 472, 278, 22544, 2165, 10355, 310, 3012, 29889, 13, 797, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29941, 29892, 341, 2105, 1175, 19797, 287, 278, 382, 1883, 350, 355, 1219, 17039, 545, 304, 278, 4272, 310, 22544, 2165, 29889, 450, 2441, 3814, 471, 304, 2058, 278, 17039, 545, 297, 278, 6862, 297, 4565, 310, 5208, 8749, 22544, 340, 4621, 2978, 22544, 2165, 402, 30006, 10973, 29891, 12039, 29889, 341, 2105, 1175, 1663, 12652, 393, 278, 17039, 545, 367, 7180, 297, 278, 4241, 28794, 19256, 29889, 19454, 10021, 29879, 515, 1180, 1338, 322, 3603, 5834, 1058, 17049, 278, 5400, 17039, 545, 1067, 25936, 411, 278, 2030, 4726, 21192, 29892, 278, 17039, 545, 1476, 263, 3271, 297, 278, 15782, 11155, 310, 278, 6862, 2978, 278, 8421, 6573, 23615, 29889, 13, 29911, 397, 388, 29892, 278, 382, 1883, 350, 355, 1219, 17039, 545, 338, 263, 5972, 11781, 1298, 322, 11423, 284, 6282, 391, 1098, 13857, 29889, 7133, 278, 2462, 29892, 366, 508, 5491, 1284, 4344, 470, 6282, 2879, 10784, 10549, 297, 322, 2820, 278, 298, 2952, 2343, 29889, 739, 3732, 363, 263, 5412, 15373, 29889, 13, 29896, 29906, 785, 435, 17698, 514, 25813, 3014, 313, 8110, 17538, 3637, 300, 24423, 709, 417, 10587, 29897, 322, 7027, 6346, 313, 1625, 1397, 1974, 6868, 375, 29897, 13, 29943, 7261, 297, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29953, 29946, 491, 15198, 326, 15952, 278, 7027, 29892, 435, 17698, 514, 25813, 3014, 313, 8110, 17538, 3637, 300, 24423, 709, 417, 10587, 29897, 338, 278, 23947, 16372, 297, 18898, 322, 278, 1473, 23947, 16372, 297, 8068, 4092, 1156, 5322, 3014, 297, 19825, 434, 29892, 21489, 8063, 29889, 2973, 2820, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29900, 29892, 29900 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.242451	-0.075926	1.622088	0.777647
00 students, Jagiellonian University plays an important role in the character of Kraków. Many of the university buildings can be found in the area west of the Old Town. One of these buildings is Great College (Collegium Maius), the oldest building at Jagiellonian University. Dating back to the 14th century, Collegium Maius is the historic heart of Kraków's university culture. In the 15th century, Collegium Maius was rebuilt. The late-Gothic structure with its large courtyard featured arcades and two levels. In 1517, the well in the center of the courtyard was added. During the Middle Ages, lectures were held on the lower level while professors lived, worked, slept, and ate on the upper level. These unmarried professors devoted their entire lives to their profession similar to a monk living at a monastery. In a way, this building resembles a monastery more so than a university. 13 – Bishop's Palace (Pałac Biskupi w Krakowie) This yellow building is known as the Bishop's Palace (Pałac Biskupi w Krakowie). It is the second largest palace in Kraków after Wawel Castle. Since the late 14th century, this palace has been a residence of Kraków's bishops. The most famous resident of Bishop's Palace was Karol Józef Wojtyła, who lived here from 1958 until 1978 when he became Pope John Paul II, head of the Catholic Church. Even after becoming pope, Pope John Paul II would return to the Bishop's Palace on his visits to Kraków from Rome. During these visits, the pope would often appear in the evening in the Papal Window found just above the entryway. It was here where the pope would address his followers, sometimes chatting for hours about a variety of topics including religion, current events, and sports. A mosaic image of Pope John Paul II designed by Magdalena Czeska is now on display in the Papal Window. 14 – Basilica of St. Francis of Assisi (Bazylika Franciszkanów w Krakowie) This Roman Catholic Gothic Church, possibly the most colorful in Kraków, is the Basilica of St. Francis of Assisi (Bazylika Franciszkanów w Krakowie). The colorful church, located just across the street from the Bishop's Palace, was the home church of Karol Wojtyła when he was archbishop of Kraków. When he returned from Rome for city visits, Pope John Paul II would also make visits to the church. When the original church was built here in the 13th century, it was one of the first brick and sandstone buildings in the city. Throughout the centuries, the church was expanded until it was destroyed by the Kraków Fire of 1850. During this fire, about 10% of the city was destroyed. Shortly after the fire, the church was rebuilt with the help of Young Poland (Młoda Polska) members Stanisław Wyspiański and Józef Mehoffer. Thanks to their efforts, the church is now the finest example of Art Nouveau in Poland. Once inside the church, walk down the nave and find the third pew on the left where you will find a silver plate labeled "Jan Pawell II." This was the spot where Pope John Paul II would come to pray when he lived across the street at the Bishop's Palace. Continue a few more feet down the nave and turn around. You are now looking at one of Wyspiański's finest masterpieces. This magnificent stained-glass window, inspired by the Sistine Chapel, is titled God the Father Let It Be. As light changes during the day, the yellow and orange, symbolizing fire, changes to blue, symbolizing water. You can view more of Wyspiański's stained-glass windows at the Wyspiański Pavilion described later in this guide. In the small chapel to the left of the nave is a replica of the Shroud of Turin. This replica is consider a holy relic because it touched the original shroud. It is believed that the Shroud of Turin was the burial shroud which Jesus of Nazareth was wrapped in after crucifixion. 15 – Grodzka Street (Ulica Grodzka) This part of the Royal Way you are currently on is Grodzka Street (Ulica Grodzka), one of the oldest streets in Krak	[ 29900, 29900, 8041, 29892, 435, 17698, 514, 25813, 3014, 13582, 385, 4100, 6297, 297, 278, 2931, 310, 22544, 2165, 29889, 13, 14804, 310, 278, 16372, 13814, 508, 367, 1476, 297, 278, 4038, 5833, 310, 278, 8198, 8421, 29889, 3118, 310, 1438, 13814, 338, 7027, 6346, 313, 1625, 1397, 1974, 6868, 375, 511, 278, 23947, 5214, 472, 435, 17698, 514, 25813, 3014, 29889, 360, 1218, 1250, 304, 278, 29871, 29896, 29946, 386, 6462, 29892, 7064, 1974, 6868, 375, 338, 278, 22879, 5192, 310, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 16372, 9257, 29889, 512, 278, 29871, 29896, 29945, 386, 6462, 29892, 7064, 1974, 6868, 375, 471, 337, 16145, 29889, 450, 5683, 29899, 29954, 720, 293, 3829, 411, 967, 2919, 2085, 1017, 538, 15000, 15232, 3076, 322, 1023, 11174, 29889, 512, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29955, 29892, 278, 1532, 297, 278, 4818, 310, 278, 2085, 1017, 538, 471, 2715, 29889, 13, 29928, 3864, 278, 14253, 319, 2710, 29892, 13081, 1973, 892, 4934, 373, 278, 5224, 3233, 1550, 25718, 943, 10600, 29892, 3796, 29892, 12844, 415, 29892, 322, 263, 371, 373, 278, 7568, 3233, 29889, 4525, 443, 3034, 1255, 25718, 943, 24600, 1009, 4152, 12080, 304, 1009, 6351, 2788, 304, 263, 1601, 29895, 8471, 472, 263, 23937, 29891, 29889, 512, 263, 982, 29892, 445, 5214, 620, 1590, 793, 263, 23937, 29891, 901, 577, 1135, 263, 16372, 29889, 13, 29896, 29941, 785, 16880, 29915, 29879, 24537, 313, 29925, 2275, 562, 350, 3873, 786, 29875, 281, 22544, 4238, 29897, 13, 4013, 13328, 5214, 338, 2998, 408, 278, 16880, 29915, 29879, 24537, 313, 29925, 2275, 562, 350, 3873, 786, 29875, 281, 22544, 4238, 467, 739, 338, 278, 1473, 10150, 24369, 297, 22544, 2165, 1156, 399, 1450, 295, 15194, 29889, 13, 23036, 278, 5683, 29871, 29896, 29946, 386, 6462, 29892, 445, 24369, 756, 1063, 263, 25488, 310, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 289, 728, 3554, 29889, 450, 1556, 13834, 20201, 310, 16880, 29915, 29879, 24537, 471, 3467, 324, 18433, 26870, 17404, 1017, 4065, 29892, 1058, 10600, 1244, 515, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29945, 29947, 2745, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29947, 746, 540, 3897, 20635, 2259, 3739, 1944, 29892, 2343, 310, 278, 11865, 6291, 29889, 13, 29923, 854, 1156, 14171, 772, 412, 29892, 20635, 2259, 3739, 1944, 723, 736, 304, 278, 16880, 29915, 29879, 24537, 373, 670, 1998, 1169, 304, 22544, 2165, 515, 9184, 29889, 7133, 1438, 1998, 1169, 29892, 278, 772, 412, 723, 4049, 2615, 297, 278, 11005, 297, 278, 8579, 284, 18379, 1476, 925, 2038, 278, 6251, 1582, 29889, 739, 471, 1244, 988, 278, 772, 412, 723, 3211, 670, 1101, 414, 29892, 6041, 521, 23980, 363, 6199, 1048, 263, 12875, 310, 23820, 3704, 13433, 29892, 1857, 4959, 29892, 322, 14717, 29889, 319, 286, 3628, 293, 1967, 310, 20635, 2259, 3739, 1944, 8688, 491, 3561, 12293, 2386, 315, 10947, 1335, 338, 1286, 373, 2479, 297, 278, 8579, 284, 18379, 29889, 13, 29896, 29946, 785, 4886, 309, 983, 310, 624, 29889, 5845, 310, 4007, 10770, 313, 29933, 24683, 22605, 5845, 7730, 273, 2165, 281, 22544, 4238, 29897, 13, 4013, 5917, 11865, 22883, 293, 6291, 29892, 10075, 278, 1556, 2927, 1319, 297, 22544, 2165, 29892, 338, 278, 4886, 309, 983, 310, 624, 29889, 5845, 310, 4007, 10770, 313, 29933, 24683, 22605, 5845, 7730, 273, 2165, 281, 22544, 4238, 467, 450, 2927, 1319, 6586, 29892, 5982, 925, 4822, 278, 11952, 515, 278, 16880, 29915, 29879, 24537, 29892, 471, 278, 3271, 6586, 310, 3467, 324, 17404, 1017, 4065, 746, 540, 471, 3190, 28693, 310, 22544, 2165, 29889, 1932, 540, 4133, 515, 9184, 363, 4272, 1998, 1169, 29892, 20635, 2259, 3739, 1944, 723, 884, 1207, 1998, 1169, 304, 278, 6586, 29889, 13, 10401, 278, 2441, 6586, 471, 4240, 1244, 297, 278, 29871, 29896, 29941, 386, 6462, 29892, 372, 471, 697, 310, 278, 937, 28645, 322, 11982, 12734, 13814, 297, 278, 4272, 29889, 17044, 449, 278, 21726, 29892, 278, 6586, 471, 17832, 2745, 372, 471, 14416, 491, 278, 22544, 2165, 6438, 310, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29945, 29900, 29889, 7133, 445, 3974, 29892, 1048, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29995, 310, 278, 4272, 471, 14416, 29889, 13, 21322, 368, 1156, 278, 3974, 29892, 278, 6586, 471, 337, 16145, 411, 278, 1371, 310, 10443, 18898, 313, 29924, 30006, 8887, 2043, 4621, 29897, 5144, 29329, 399, 952, 29886, 423, 10587, 322, 18433, 26870, 2191, 8782, 571, 29889, 1834, 304, 1009, 14231, 29892, 278, 6586, 338, 1286, 278, 1436, 342, 1342, 310, 3012, 405, 6223, 585, 297, 18898, 29889, 13, 26222, 2768, 278, 6586, 29892, 6686, 1623, 278, 21102, 322, 1284, 278, 4654, 282, 809, 373, 278, 2175, 988, 366, 674, 1284, 263, 13283, 15284, 301, 24025, 376, 26626, 349, 1450, 514, 1944, 1213, 910, 471, 278, 9758, 988, 20635, 2259, 3739, 1944, 723, 2041, 304, 12475, 746, 540, 10600, 4822, 278, 11952, 472, 278, 16880, 29915, 29879, 24537, 29889, 13, 1323, 14150, 263, 2846, 901, 6900, 1623, 278, 21102, 322, 2507, 2820, 29889, 887, 526, 1286, 3063, 472, 697, 310, 399, 952, 29886, 423, 10587, 29915, 29879, 1436, 342, 5835, 12343, 778, 29889, 910, 29154, 296, 380, 7114, 29899, 29050, 3474, 29892, 20603, 491, 278, 317, 391, 457, 13741, 295, 29892, 338, 25278, 4177, 278, 17852, 2803, 739, 1522, 29889, 1094, 3578, 3620, 2645, 278, 2462, 29892, 278, 13328, 322, 24841, 29892, 5829, 5281, 3974, 29892, 3620, 304, 7254, 29892, 5829, 5281, 4094, 29889, 887, 508, 1776, 901, 310, 399, 952, 29886, 423, 10587, 29915, 29879, 380, 7114, 29899, 29050, 5417, 472, 278, 399, 952, 29886, 423, 10587, 20096, 309, 291, 5439, 2678, 297, 445, 10754, 29889, 13, 797, 278, 2319, 10708, 295, 304, 278, 2175, 310, 278, 21102, 338, 263, 1634, 10123, 310, 278, 317, 1092, 2736, 310, 5383, 262, 29889, 910, 1634, 10123, 338, 2050, 263, 26630, 337, 506, 1363, 372, 23051, 278, 2441, 14653, 2736, 29889, 739, 338, 13112, 393, 278, 317, 1092, 2736, 310, 5383, 262, 471, 278, 6866, 616, 14653, 2736, 607, 13825, 310, 11409, 598, 386, 471, 21021, 297, 1156, 7618, 29883, 361, 861, 291, 29889, 13, 29896, 29945, 785, 6070, 5601, 1335, 7103, 313, 29965, 10123, 6070, 5601, 1335, 29897, 13, 4013, 760, 310, 278, 7021, 5307, 366, 526, 5279, 373, 338, 6070, 5601, 1335, 7103, 313, 29965, 10123, 6070, 5601, 1335, 511, 697, 310, 278, 23947, 19756, 297, 22544 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.780429	0.044768	1.675885	1.179877
ów. Grodzka Street, which passes by many important churches and palaces, is about 650 meters (2,130 feet) long. The copper-colored building on the corner of Franciszkańska and Grodzka, just behind the Basilica of St. Francis of Assisi, is the Wyspiański Pavilion. This building displays three stained-glass windows based on Wyspiański's designs he created for Wawel Cathedral. It's free to step inside and you can find the entrance just to the left of the small TI. While the three designs were rejected at the time, these stained-glass windows were recreated on the 100th anniversary of Wyspiański's death in 2007. On the left is Saint Stanislaus, the first saint of Poland. In the middle is a skeleton of Kazimierz the Great, King of Poland from 1333 to 1370. Finally, on the right is Henry the Pious, Duke of Kraków. Along this lively thoroughfare you might notice fine arcades over the sidewalks. While these charming arcades appear to be Renaissance in style, they were added in 1939 after the Nazis invaded Poland. The Germans hoped to elevate the status of their Polish capital by improving the city. Here, you can also find some of Kraków's best restaurants and milk bars (bar mleczny). Milk bars are cheap communist era cafeterias that are today popular for their affordable yet delicious and hearty Polish food. Bar Mleczny Pod Temidą, with the blue sign at #45, is the most traditional milk bar you will find on Grodzka Street. 16 – Mary Magdalene Square (Plac Św. Marii Magdaleny) This small square located between Grodzka Street and Kanonicza Street is known as Mary Magdalene Square (Plac Św. Marii Magdaleny). Other than Rome, Kraków has more churches per square kilometer than any other city. Today, there are over 140 churches and monasteries in the city with 32 alone in the Old Town. From this square, you can see two of these churches. On the left, with the white facade and row of statues out front is the Church of Saints Peter and Paul (Kościół ŚŚ Piotra i Pawła w Krakowie). Built between 1597 and 1619, this was the first Baroque church in Kraków. In front of the church are statues of Saints along with Mary Magdalene for which the square is named after. On the right with its twin towers is St. Andrew's Church (Kościół św. Andrzeja). This Romanesque style church was built by Polish statesman Palatine Sieciech between 1079 and 1098. This was the only church to survive the Mongol invasion of Poland between 1240 and 1241. 17 – Kanonicza Street (Ulica Kanonicza) This historic cobbled street leading to Wawel Castle is known as Kanonicza Street (Ulica Kanonicza) or Canon Street, one of Europe's finest streets. Kanonicza is also believed to be the oldest street in Kraków. This picturesque street, featuring many well-preserved Baroque and Renaissance houses and mansions, was where Kraków's noblemen lived until the 14th century. After the 14th century, these buildings housed many of Kraków's clergy and canons. Keep an eye out for cardinal hats over the entrances at #3, #15, #18. On the left hand side at #16 is Hotel Copernicus. This hotel, located in a 15th century building, is famous for hosting guests such as President George W. Bush, the Prince of Wales, and even Copernicus over 500 years ago. Right across the street at #17 is Erazm Ciołek Palace which houses the National Museum. The Florian Mokrski Palace located at #18 was used as a residence of Florian Mokrsk, Bishop of Kraków from 1367 to 1380. The yellow house located at #19 today houses the Archdiocesan Museum. Before becoming Pope John Paul II, Karol Wojtyła lived at this house for 10 years after the Second World War	[ 2165, 29889, 6070, 5601, 1335, 7103, 29892, 607, 14517, 491, 1784, 4100, 26014, 322, 5112, 3302, 29892, 338, 1048, 29871, 29953, 29945, 29900, 27881, 313, 29906, 29892, 29896, 29941, 29900, 6900, 29897, 1472, 29889, 13, 1576, 1302, 2496, 29899, 2780, 287, 5214, 373, 278, 11155, 310, 5845, 29920, 16022, 4621, 322, 6070, 5601, 1335, 29892, 925, 5742, 278, 4886, 309, 983, 310, 624, 29889, 5845, 310, 4007, 10770, 29892, 338, 278, 399, 952, 29886, 423, 10587, 20096, 309, 291, 29889, 910, 5214, 14423, 2211, 380, 7114, 29899, 29050, 5417, 2729, 373, 399, 952, 29886, 423, 10587, 29915, 29879, 25517, 540, 2825, 363, 399, 1450, 295, 315, 21471, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 3889, 304, 4331, 2768, 322, 366, 508, 1284, 278, 19546, 925, 304, 278, 2175, 310, 278, 2319, 323, 29902, 29889, 13, 8809, 488, 278, 2211, 25517, 892, 22225, 472, 278, 931, 29892, 1438, 380, 7114, 29899, 29050, 5417, 892, 337, 11600, 373, 278, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 386, 6957, 27547, 310, 399, 952, 29886, 423, 10587, 29915, 29879, 4892, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29955, 29889, 1551, 278, 2175, 338, 4107, 21585, 15273, 29892, 278, 937, 22635, 310, 18898, 29889, 512, 278, 7256, 338, 263, 18109, 11285, 310, 15198, 326, 15952, 278, 7027, 29892, 4088, 310, 18898, 515, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29941, 29941, 304, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29955, 29900, 29889, 9788, 29892, 373, 278, 1492, 338, 6498, 278, 349, 2738, 29892, 13484, 310, 22544, 2165, 29889, 13, 2499, 549, 445, 301, 3598, 17826, 24658, 366, 1795, 8369, 2691, 15232, 3076, 975, 278, 2625, 14625, 2039, 29889, 5806, 1438, 1373, 4056, 15232, 3076, 2615, 304, 367, 27263, 297, 3114, 29892, 896, 892, 2715, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29929, 1156, 278, 11409, 275, 2437, 11932, 18898, 29889, 450, 7287, 550, 24936, 304, 11858, 403, 278, 4660, 310, 1009, 19919, 7483, 491, 4857, 1747, 278, 4272, 29889, 13, 10605, 29892, 366, 508, 884, 1284, 777, 310, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 1900, 12374, 1934, 322, 27274, 22306, 313, 1646, 286, 280, 2067, 1460, 467, 3833, 29895, 22306, 526, 28773, 3817, 391, 3152, 274, 2142, 1308, 3173, 393, 526, 9826, 5972, 363, 1009, 21750, 519, 3447, 628, 14803, 322, 5192, 29891, 19919, 9687, 29889, 2261, 341, 280, 2067, 1460, 8594, 6789, 333, 30025, 29892, 411, 278, 7254, 1804, 472, 396, 29946, 29945, 29892, 338, 278, 1556, 13807, 27274, 2594, 366, 674, 1284, 373, 6070, 5601, 1335, 7103, 29889, 13, 29896, 29953, 785, 6182, 3561, 12293, 1600, 19256, 313, 29925, 4620, 11063, 29893, 29889, 1085, 2236, 3561, 29881, 10066, 29891, 29897, 13, 4013, 2319, 6862, 5982, 1546, 6070, 5601, 1335, 7103, 322, 11720, 8927, 1362, 7103, 338, 2998, 408, 6182, 3561, 12293, 1600, 19256, 313, 29925, 4620, 11063, 29893, 29889, 1085, 2236, 3561, 29881, 10066, 29891, 467, 13, 16107, 1135, 9184, 29892, 22544, 2165, 756, 901, 26014, 639, 6862, 23836, 1135, 738, 916, 4272, 29889, 20628, 29892, 727, 526, 975, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29900, 26014, 322, 23937, 583, 297, 278, 4272, 411, 29871, 29941, 29906, 7432, 297, 278, 8198, 8421, 29889, 3645, 445, 6862, 29892, 366, 508, 1074, 1023, 310, 1438, 26014, 29889, 13, 2951, 278, 2175, 29892, 411, 278, 4796, 4024, 1943, 322, 1948, 310, 1002, 1041, 714, 4565, 338, 278, 6291, 310, 14342, 1372, 5310, 322, 3739, 313, 29968, 29877, 30045, 2617, 30006, 11063, 30127, 7362, 327, 336, 474, 349, 1450, 4065, 281, 22544, 4238, 467, 5373, 2782, 1546, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29929, 29955, 322, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29896, 29929, 29892, 445, 471, 278, 937, 2261, 29877, 802, 6586, 297, 22544, 2165, 29889, 512, 4565, 310, 278, 6586, 526, 1002, 1041, 310, 14342, 1372, 3412, 411, 6182, 3561, 12293, 1600, 363, 607, 278, 6862, 338, 4257, 1156, 29889, 13, 2951, 278, 1492, 411, 967, 3252, 262, 304, 17538, 338, 624, 29889, 11571, 29915, 29879, 6291, 313, 29968, 29877, 30045, 2617, 30006, 24785, 29889, 1126, 28870, 1764, 467, 910, 5917, 267, 802, 3114, 6586, 471, 4240, 491, 19919, 5922, 1171, 3793, 271, 457, 4073, 5295, 305, 1546, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29929, 322, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29929, 29947, 29889, 910, 471, 278, 871, 6586, 304, 10503, 573, 278, 21952, 324, 28425, 310, 18898, 1546, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29946, 29900, 322, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29946, 29896, 29889, 13, 29896, 29955, 785, 11720, 8927, 1362, 7103, 313, 29965, 10123, 11720, 8927, 1362, 29897, 13, 4013, 22879, 274, 711, 27225, 11952, 8236, 304, 399, 1450, 295, 15194, 338, 2998, 408, 11720, 8927, 1362, 7103, 313, 29965, 10123, 11720, 8927, 1362, 29897, 470, 1815, 265, 7103, 29892, 697, 310, 4092, 29915, 29879, 1436, 342, 19756, 29889, 11720, 8927, 1362, 338, 884, 13112, 304, 367, 278, 23947, 11952, 297, 22544, 2165, 29889, 13, 4013, 14956, 802, 11952, 29892, 23425, 1784, 1532, 29899, 4569, 9841, 2261, 29877, 802, 322, 27263, 12955, 322, 286, 550, 1080, 29892, 471, 988, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 694, 1031, 264, 10600, 2745, 278, 29871, 29896, 29946, 386, 6462, 29889, 2860, 278, 29871, 29896, 29946, 386, 6462, 29892, 1438, 13814, 9261, 287, 1784, 310, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 28238, 1927, 322, 508, 787, 29889, 19152, 385, 10977, 714, 363, 21008, 298, 1446, 975, 278, 875, 661, 778, 472, 396, 29941, 29892, 396, 29896, 29945, 29892, 396, 29896, 29947, 29889, 13, 2951, 278, 2175, 1361, 2625, 472, 396, 29896, 29953, 338, 16923, 10061, 824, 12473, 29889, 910, 16730, 29892, 5982, 297, 263, 29871, 29896, 29945, 386, 6462, 5214, 29892, 338, 13834, 363, 23376, 28865, 1316, 408, 7178, 5122, 399, 29889, 24715, 29892, 278, 10787, 310, 13706, 29892, 322, 1584, 10061, 824, 12473, 975, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29900, 2440, 8020, 29889, 10428, 4822, 278, 11952, 472, 396, 29896, 29955, 338, 382, 9504, 29885, 315, 601, 30006, 1416, 24537, 607, 12955, 278, 3086, 6838, 29889, 450, 6953, 713, 341, 554, 29878, 2574, 24537, 5982, 472, 396, 29896, 29947, 471, 1304, 408, 263, 25488, 310, 6953, 713, 341, 554, 29878, 808, 29892, 16880, 310, 22544, 2165, 515, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29953, 29955, 304, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29947, 29900, 29889, 450, 13328, 3699, 5982, 472, 396, 29896, 29929, 9826, 12955, 278, 2595, 6051, 542, 267, 273, 6838, 29889, 10949, 14171, 20635, 2259, 3739, 1944, 29892, 3467, 324, 17404, 1017, 4065, 10600, 472, 445, 3699, 363, 29871, 29896, 29900, 2440, 1156, 278, 6440, 2787, 3362 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	1.470684	-0.182993	1.690231	0.630921
Tiffany Klapheke Update: Airman Christopher Perez Guilty of Child Endangerment No Comments on Tiffany Klapheke Update: Airman Christopher Perez Guilty of Child Endangerment October 28, 2013 by Robert Franklin, Esq. Remember Tiffany Klapheke? She's the Abilene, Texas mother who was arrested last year for letting her 22-month-old daughter Tamryn die of dehydration and malnutrition. Klapheke accomplished that by simply walking away from all three of her kids, the oldest of which was three at the time. Fortunately, the police managed to save the lives of the other two children who also suffered from dehydration and malnutrition. But they were too late in for Tamryn. Taylor County Child Protective Services took Tamryn's death as their cue to start lying to police, hiding documents and doing everything in their power to conceal their culpability. They had an open file on Tiffany Klapheke, but, in violation of agency protocols, closed it without a follow-up visit. When they did, there'd been no action on her case for 10 months. The file was closed a matter of days before Tamryn died. Several local CPS employees, including supervisors either quit or were placed on administrative leave following the revelations of agency cover-ups. A special prosecutor was appointed by a local judge to investigate the agency. Here's my first piece about the case (NPO, 10//12). When Klapheke was arrested, she told the police she abandoned the children because she was upset that her husband, a senior airman in the Air Force, had been deployed to Afghanistan a second time. She's been in jail awaiting trial ever since, but now we know that her claim of being upset about her husband's deployment is beginning to look bogus. Put simply, she wasn't too upset to have a lengthy extra-marital affair with another serviceman. The latest news concerns the court-martial of that Senior Airman Christopher Perez (Air Force Times, 10/14/13). Senior Airman Christopher Perez is charged with dereliction of duty, child endangerment and adultery. Perez was living at the home of Tiffany Klapheke and her husband, Senior Airman Thomas Klapheke, when the toddler died in August 2012. Senior Airman Klapheke had deployed about two months earlier. Perez and Tiffany Klapheke were involved in a sexual relationship, according to testimony from Perez's Article 32 hearing… Perez told authorities Tiffany Klapheke would lock her children in a bedroom for days but he did not believe it was his place to interfere, according to Article 32 testimony. Here we learn a little about what Klapheke has admitted to previously (Big Country, 10/16/13). In one sentence — she admits she hid the children multiple times because she didn't want them to be taken away. In another — Klapheke denies telling Perez about what the children were going through at the home. She then goes on to say the children — including 22-month old Tamryn — were underweight their entire lives. Here's a rundown of the testimony on the most important day of Perez's trial (Big Country, 10/18/13). It's pretty horrifying. Those who arrived on the scene first testified that their noses and eyes stung from the contaminated air inside the Klapheke residence. Among other things, the children suffered from extensive chemical burns due to living for days in urine-soaked clothing. Perez was eventually convicted of child endangerment and adultery and sentenced to three years in prison and given a dishonorable discharge. Tiffany Klapheke is scheduled to go to trial early next year. It should be interesting to see what legal consequences she ends up bearing and compare them to those Perez suffered just for having a relationship with her and faling to intervene. National Parents Organization is a Shared Parenting Organization National Parents Organization is a non-profit that educates the public, families, educators, and legislators about the importance of shared parenting and how it can reduce conflict in children	[ 323, 2593, 1384, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 10318, 29901, 5593, 1171, 18888, 23133, 29920, 2088, 24208, 310, 10517, 2796, 4600, 358, 13, 3782, 461, 29879, 373, 323, 2593, 1384, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 10318, 29901, 5593, 1171, 18888, 23133, 29920, 2088, 24208, 310, 10517, 2796, 4600, 358, 13, 25375, 4950, 29871, 29906, 29947, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 491, 4755, 21504, 29892, 382, 3044, 29889, 13, 7301, 1096, 323, 2593, 1384, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 29973, 2296, 29915, 29879, 278, 1976, 309, 1600, 29892, 10319, 5637, 1058, 471, 24383, 1833, 1629, 363, 27697, 902, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29899, 10874, 29899, 1025, 8750, 16939, 719, 29876, 762, 310, 316, 29882, 2941, 29878, 362, 322, 4439, 21305, 29878, 654, 29889, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 24799, 393, 491, 3763, 22049, 3448, 515, 599, 2211, 310, 902, 413, 4841, 29892, 278, 23947, 310, 607, 471, 2211, 472, 278, 931, 29889, 7236, 348, 2486, 29892, 278, 10974, 8745, 304, 4078, 278, 12080, 310, 278, 916, 1023, 4344, 1058, 884, 17654, 515, 316, 29882, 2941, 29878, 362, 322, 4439, 21305, 29878, 654, 29889, 1205, 896, 892, 2086, 5683, 297, 363, 16939, 719, 29876, 29889, 13, 29911, 11017, 5127, 10517, 14409, 312, 573, 15538, 3614, 16939, 719, 29876, 29915, 29879, 4892, 408, 1009, 274, 434, 304, 1369, 19214, 304, 10974, 29892, 25508, 10701, 322, 2599, 4129, 297, 1009, 3081, 304, 10628, 284, 1009, 13949, 29886, 3097, 29889, 2688, 750, 385, 1722, 934, 373, 323, 2593, 1384, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 29892, 541, 29892, 297, 5537, 362, 310, 946, 3819, 9608, 29879, 29892, 5764, 372, 1728, 263, 1101, 29899, 786, 6493, 29889, 1932, 896, 1258, 29892, 727, 29915, 29881, 1063, 694, 3158, 373, 902, 1206, 363, 29871, 29896, 29900, 7378, 29889, 450, 934, 471, 5764, 263, 4383, 310, 3841, 1434, 16939, 719, 29876, 6423, 29889, 13, 29903, 1310, 284, 1887, 315, 7024, 22873, 29892, 3704, 2428, 1730, 943, 2845, 23283, 470, 892, 7180, 373, 19185, 5967, 1494, 278, 20474, 800, 310, 946, 3819, 4612, 29899, 14340, 29889, 319, 4266, 410, 3471, 3406, 471, 10658, 491, 263, 1887, 16833, 304, 23033, 278, 946, 3819, 29889, 2266, 29915, 29879, 590, 937, 8424, 1048, 278, 1206, 313, 29940, 13152, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29900, 458, 29896, 29906, 467, 13, 10401, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 471, 24383, 29892, 1183, 5429, 278, 10974, 1183, 23181, 278, 4344, 1363, 1183, 471, 24081, 300, 393, 902, 10216, 29892, 263, 16336, 4799, 1171, 297, 278, 5593, 11004, 29892, 750, 1063, 21168, 304, 27135, 9777, 263, 1473, 931, 29889, 2296, 29915, 29879, 1063, 297, 432, 737, 7272, 292, 14260, 3926, 1951, 29892, 541, 1286, 591, 1073, 393, 902, 5995, 310, 1641, 24081, 300, 1048, 902, 10216, 29915, 29879, 18209, 338, 6763, 304, 1106, 26652, 375, 29889, 12065, 3763, 29892, 1183, 9007, 29915, 29873, 2086, 24081, 300, 304, 505, 263, 3309, 29891, 4805, 29899, 3034, 2410, 26195, 411, 1790, 3348, 293, 11422, 29889, 13, 1576, 9281, 9763, 21838, 278, 8973, 29899, 28402, 616, 310, 393, 24260, 5593, 1171, 18888, 23133, 29920, 313, 29909, 381, 11004, 10277, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29914, 29896, 29946, 29914, 29896, 29941, 467, 13, 29903, 264, 1611, 5593, 1171, 18888, 23133, 29920, 338, 20139, 411, 589, 295, 2463, 310, 13360, 29892, 2278, 1095, 4600, 358, 322, 594, 352, 22005, 29889, 23133, 29920, 471, 8471, 472, 278, 3271, 310, 323, 2593, 1384, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 322, 902, 10216, 29892, 24260, 5593, 1171, 5569, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 29892, 746, 278, 304, 1289, 1358, 6423, 297, 3111, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 29889, 13, 29903, 264, 1611, 5593, 1171, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 750, 21168, 1048, 1023, 7378, 8859, 29889, 23133, 29920, 322, 323, 2593, 1384, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 892, 9701, 297, 263, 18287, 9443, 29892, 5034, 304, 28523, 2592, 515, 23133, 29920, 29915, 29879, 21746, 29871, 29941, 29906, 22514, 30098, 13, 29925, 406, 29920, 5429, 21142, 323, 2593, 1384, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 723, 7714, 902, 4344, 297, 263, 6592, 8345, 363, 3841, 541, 540, 1258, 451, 4658, 372, 471, 670, 2058, 304, 1006, 29888, 406, 29892, 5034, 304, 21746, 29871, 29941, 29906, 28523, 2592, 29889, 13, 10605, 591, 5110, 263, 2217, 1048, 825, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 756, 20186, 304, 9251, 313, 6970, 15456, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29914, 29896, 29953, 29914, 29896, 29941, 467, 13, 797, 697, 10541, 813, 1183, 7336, 1169, 1183, 20552, 278, 4344, 2999, 3064, 1363, 1183, 3282, 29915, 29873, 864, 963, 304, 367, 4586, 3448, 29889, 512, 1790, 813, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 972, 583, 14509, 23133, 29920, 1048, 825, 278, 4344, 892, 2675, 1549, 472, 278, 3271, 29889, 2296, 769, 5771, 373, 304, 1827, 278, 4344, 813, 3704, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29899, 10874, 2030, 16939, 719, 29876, 813, 892, 1090, 7915, 1009, 4152, 12080, 29889, 13, 10605, 29915, 29879, 263, 17048, 776, 310, 278, 28523, 2592, 373, 278, 1556, 4100, 2462, 310, 23133, 29920, 29915, 29879, 14260, 313, 6970, 15456, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29914, 29896, 29947, 29914, 29896, 29941, 467, 13, 3112, 29915, 29879, 5051, 4029, 29878, 9215, 29889, 16025, 1058, 11977, 373, 278, 9088, 937, 1243, 2164, 393, 1009, 7814, 267, 322, 5076, 380, 686, 515, 278, 640, 9103, 630, 4799, 2768, 278, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 25488, 29889, 17302, 916, 2712, 29892, 278, 4344, 17654, 515, 20607, 22233, 12138, 29879, 2861, 304, 8471, 363, 3841, 297, 5065, 457, 29899, 578, 12535, 1067, 6046, 29889, 13, 29925, 406, 29920, 471, 10201, 7602, 18186, 310, 2278, 1095, 4600, 358, 322, 594, 352, 22005, 322, 2665, 9223, 304, 2211, 2440, 297, 8475, 322, 2183, 263, 270, 728, 265, 272, 519, 766, 23367, 29889, 13, 29911, 2593, 1384, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 338, 21467, 304, 748, 304, 14260, 4688, 2446, 1629, 29889, 739, 881, 367, 8031, 304, 1074, 825, 11706, 27721, 1183, 10614, 701, 24638, 322, 7252, 963, 304, 1906, 23133, 29920, 17654, 925, 363, 2534, 263, 9443, 411, 902, 322, 11092, 292, 304, 26314, 29872, 29889, 13, 27325, 1459, 1237, 9205, 2133, 338, 263, 21236, 22280, 292, 9205, 2133, 13, 27325, 1459, 1237, 9205, 2133, 338, 263, 1661, 29899, 771, 9202, 393, 6320, 1078, 278, 970, 29892, 13175, 29892, 6320, 4097, 29892, 322, 13332, 4097, 1048, 278, 13500, 310, 7258, 3847, 292, 322, 920, 372, 508, 10032, 14529, 297, 4344 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.400098	-0.147628	0.761341	-0.105593
Middleton sends Bucks past Suns to tie NBA… Middleton sends Bucks past Suns to tie NBA Finals at 2-2 Milwaukee Bucks forward Khris Middleton (22) drives around Phoenix Suns forward Jae Crowder (99) during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals in Milwaukee, Wednesday, July 14, 2021. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya) PUBLISHED: July 15, 2021 at 12:31 a.m. \| UPDATED: July 15, 2021 at 12:38 a.m. By BRIAN MAHONEY MILWAUKEE (AP) — Khris Middleton's big finish means these NBA Finals are just getting started. Middleton scored 40 points, including 10 straight for the Milwaukee Bucks down the stretch to send them past the Phoenix Suns, 109-103 on Wednesday night to tie the series 2-2. Middleton's hot hand and a big block from Giannis Antetokounmpo gave the Bucks their second straight victory in the first close game of the series. Antetokounmpo had 26 points, 14 rebounds and eight assists. His streak of 40-point games ended at two but the only number that matters for the Bucks is on the series scoreboard. Devin Booker scored 42 points for the Suns, but his foul trouble cost them a chance to build a big lead in the second half. Chris Paul struggled through a 5-for-13 night, finishing with 10 points and five turnovers. Game 5 is Saturday night in Phoenix. Phoenix Suns head coach Monty Williams watches from the bench during the second half against the Milwaukee Bucks in Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals Wednesday, July 14, 2021, in Milwaukee. (AP Photo/Aaron Gash) Milwaukee Bucks center Brook Lopez (11) shoots over Phoenix Suns forward Jae Crowder (99) during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals in Milwaukee, Wednesday, July 14, 2021. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya) Phoenix Suns guard Devin Booker (1) sits on the bench during the second half against the Milwaukee Bucks in Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals in Milwaukee, Wednesday, July 14, 2021. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya) Milwaukee Bucks guard Pat Connaughton (24) celebrates after making a three-point basket during the second half against the Phoenix Suns in Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals Wednesday, July 14, 2021, in Milwaukee. (AP Photo/Aaron Gash) Milwaukee Bucks forward Khris Middleton, center, drives to the basket between Phoenix Suns guard Cameron Payne, left, and forward Jae Crowder, right, during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals Wednesday, July 14, 2021, in Milwaukee. (AP Photo/Aaron Gash) Phoenix Suns forward Cameron Johnson, right, blocks a shot by Milwaukee Bucks guard Jrue Holiday during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals in Milwaukee, Wednesday, July 14, 2021. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya) Phoenix Suns forward Jae Crowder (99) blocks a shot by Milwaukee Bucks forward Khris Middleton (22) during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals Wednesday, July 14, 2021, in Milwaukee. (AP Photo/Aaron Gash) Milwaukee Bucks forward Giannis Antetokounmpo (34) shoots over Phoenix Suns center Deandre Ayton, right, during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals in Milwaukee, Wednesday, July 14, 2	[ 14253, 880, 16003, 16281, 29879, 4940, 317, 6948, 304, 22134, 21517, 30098, 13, 25411, 880, 16003, 16281, 29879, 4940, 317, 6948, 304, 22134, 21517, 9550, 29879, 472, 29871, 29906, 29899, 29906, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 6375, 476, 1092, 275, 14253, 880, 313, 29906, 29906, 29897, 25100, 2820, 29715, 317, 6948, 6375, 435, 3660, 29445, 672, 313, 29929, 29929, 29897, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29892, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 18275, 3087, 1270, 29874, 29897, 13, 7056, 13367, 3235, 29950, 3352, 29901, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 472, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29901, 29941, 29896, 263, 29889, 29885, 29889, 891, 16924, 29928, 29901, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 472, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29901, 29941, 29947, 263, 29889, 29885, 29889, 13, 2059, 350, 3960, 2190, 14861, 29950, 12413, 29979, 13, 29924, 6227, 12982, 29965, 6059, 29923, 313, 3301, 29897, 813, 476, 1092, 275, 14253, 880, 29915, 29879, 4802, 8341, 2794, 1438, 21517, 9550, 29879, 526, 925, 2805, 4687, 29889, 13, 25411, 880, 15569, 29871, 29946, 29900, 3291, 29892, 3704, 29871, 29896, 29900, 7812, 363, 278, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 1623, 278, 16116, 304, 3638, 963, 4940, 278, 29715, 317, 6948, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29929, 29899, 29896, 29900, 29941, 373, 15050, 4515, 3250, 4646, 304, 22134, 278, 3652, 29871, 29906, 29899, 29906, 29889, 13, 25411, 880, 29915, 29879, 7375, 1361, 322, 263, 4802, 2908, 515, 21569, 6994, 5459, 300, 554, 1309, 29885, 1129, 4846, 278, 16281, 29879, 1009, 1473, 7812, 15354, 297, 278, 937, 3802, 3748, 310, 278, 3652, 29889, 13, 13448, 300, 554, 1309, 29885, 1129, 750, 29871, 29906, 29953, 3291, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29946, 15121, 3885, 322, 9475, 1223, 2879, 29889, 3600, 12243, 557, 310, 29871, 29946, 29900, 29899, 3149, 8090, 9698, 472, 1023, 541, 278, 871, 1353, 393, 13750, 363, 278, 16281, 29879, 338, 373, 278, 3652, 8158, 3377, 29889, 13, 2772, 3845, 6726, 261, 15569, 29871, 29946, 29906, 3291, 363, 278, 317, 6948, 29892, 541, 670, 285, 5059, 7458, 3438, 963, 263, 8825, 304, 2048, 263, 4802, 3275, 297, 278, 1473, 4203, 29889, 12821, 3739, 10205, 839, 1549, 263, 29871, 29945, 29899, 1454, 29899, 29896, 29941, 4646, 29892, 28321, 411, 29871, 29896, 29900, 3291, 322, 5320, 24562, 874, 29889, 13, 14199, 29871, 29945, 338, 24211, 4646, 297, 29715, 29889, 13, 29925, 1251, 23534, 317, 6948, 2343, 11182, 4526, 29891, 11648, 6505, 267, 515, 278, 3856, 305, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 2750, 278, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 297, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29892, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 29909, 5022, 402, 1161, 29897, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 4818, 18737, 365, 2300, 29920, 313, 29896, 29896, 29897, 17394, 1862, 975, 29715, 317, 6948, 6375, 435, 3660, 29445, 672, 313, 29929, 29929, 29897, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29892, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 18275, 3087, 1270, 29874, 29897, 13, 29925, 1251, 23534, 317, 6948, 8372, 897, 3845, 6726, 261, 313, 29896, 29897, 269, 1169, 373, 278, 3856, 305, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 2750, 278, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 297, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29892, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 18275, 3087, 1270, 29874, 29897, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 8372, 4121, 1281, 29876, 6482, 265, 313, 29906, 29946, 29897, 10894, 1078, 1156, 3907, 263, 2211, 29899, 3149, 25972, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 2750, 278, 29715, 317, 6948, 297, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29892, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 29909, 5022, 402, 1161, 29897, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 6375, 476, 1092, 275, 14253, 880, 29892, 4818, 29892, 25100, 304, 278, 25972, 1546, 29715, 317, 6948, 8372, 20939, 265, 14617, 484, 29892, 2175, 29892, 322, 6375, 435, 3660, 29445, 672, 29892, 1492, 29892, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29892, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 29909, 5022, 402, 1161, 29897, 13, 29925, 1251, 23534, 317, 6948, 6375, 20939, 265, 11717, 29892, 1492, 29892, 10930, 263, 10322, 491, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 8372, 13843, 434, 4168, 22394, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29892, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 18275, 3087, 1270, 29874, 29897, 13, 29925, 1251, 23534, 317, 6948, 6375, 435, 3660, 29445, 672, 313, 29929, 29929, 29897, 10930, 263, 10322, 491, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 6375, 476, 1092, 275, 14253, 880, 313, 29906, 29906, 29897, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29892, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 29909, 5022, 402, 1161, 29897, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 6375, 21569, 6994, 5459, 300, 554, 1309, 29885, 1129, 313, 29941, 29946, 29897, 17394, 1862, 975, 29715, 317, 6948, 4818, 897, 392, 276, 15846, 880, 29892, 1492, 29892, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29892, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.988257	-1.855189	-0.885735	-1.906422
021. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya) Phoenix Suns forward Jae Crowder (99) reacts during the second half against the Milwaukee Bucks in Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals Wednesday, July 14, 2021, in Milwaukee. (AP Photo/Aaron Gash) Milwaukee Bucks guard Jrue Holiday (21) fights for a rebound with Phoenix Suns guard Devin Booker, right, during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals in Milwaukee, Wednesday, July 14, 2021. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya) Milwaukee Bucks forward Giannis Antetokounmpo (34) blocks a shot by Phoenix Suns center Deandre Ayton (22) during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals in Milwaukee, Wednesday, July 14, 2021. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya) Milwaukee Bucks forward Khris Middleton (22) celebrates with teammates during the second half against the Phoenix Suns in Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals in Milwaukee, Wednesday, July 14, 2021. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya) Milwaukee Bucks forward Giannis Antetokounmpo shoots over Phoenix Suns forward Jae Crowder (99) during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals in Milwaukee, Wednesday, July 14, 2021. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya) Milwaukee Bucks forward Giannis Antetokounmpo (34) blocks a shot by Phoenix Suns center Deandre Ayton (22) during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals Wednesday, July 14, 2021, in Milwaukee. (AP Photo/Aaron Gash) Middleton is an All-Star with unwavering confidence in his shot, always believing that matter how poorly he starts that he can turn things around. He may have turned around the course of these NBA Finals. Phoenix led by two with 2 1/2 minutes left before Middleton made the next two baskets to give Milwaukee a 101-99 edge with 1:28 to play. It appeared the Suns would tie it with a lob pass to center Deandre Ayton but Antetokounmpo swooped in to block it, flexing his muscles to the crowd behind the basket as the Bucks broke the other way on the fast break. Middleton missed a couple of jumpers but Paul lost the ball after the second one when he slipped and fell down while dribbling. That sent Middleton off for a layup and he followed with four free throws to make it 107-101. Brook Lopez had 14 points for the Bucks and Jrue Holiday added 13 points, seven rebounds and seven assists. He shot only 4 for 20, but his defense helped knock Paul off his game. Before Middleton's run, it appeared it was going to be Booker's night. He bounced back in a big way from a 3-for-14 night in Game 3 with his third 40-point game of this postseason. But he had to spend portions of the third and fourth quarters on the bench after picking up fouls and his teammates couldn't handle things without him. With the leaders of their only title team in the arena, the Bucks improved to 9-1 at home in the playoffs. They are trying to overcome a 2-0 deficit for the second time in this postseason. The Suns never got more than two wins in their two previous trips to the NBA Finals but it seemed they were finally headed there Wednesday. Booker had a big finish to the third quarter to send them to the fourth leading 82-76, but he picked up his fifth foul barely a minute into the period and sat for about five minutes. The Bucks trimmed only three points off the lead before he returned midway through the fourth, but Middleton made sure they surged ahead when it mattered. Antetokounmpo had dominated the	[ 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 18275, 3087, 1270, 29874, 29897, 13, 29925, 1251, 23534, 317, 6948, 6375, 435, 3660, 29445, 672, 313, 29929, 29929, 29897, 7657, 29879, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 2750, 278, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 297, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29892, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 29909, 5022, 402, 1161, 29897, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 8372, 13843, 434, 4168, 22394, 313, 29906, 29896, 29897, 285, 5861, 363, 263, 337, 9917, 411, 29715, 317, 6948, 8372, 897, 3845, 6726, 261, 29892, 1492, 29892, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29892, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 18275, 3087, 1270, 29874, 29897, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 6375, 21569, 6994, 5459, 300, 554, 1309, 29885, 1129, 313, 29941, 29946, 29897, 10930, 263, 10322, 491, 29715, 317, 6948, 4818, 897, 392, 276, 15846, 880, 313, 29906, 29906, 29897, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29892, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 18275, 3087, 1270, 29874, 29897, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 6375, 476, 1092, 275, 14253, 880, 313, 29906, 29906, 29897, 10894, 1078, 411, 3815, 29885, 1078, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 2750, 278, 29715, 317, 6948, 297, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29892, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 18275, 3087, 1270, 29874, 29897, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 6375, 21569, 6994, 5459, 300, 554, 1309, 29885, 1129, 17394, 1862, 975, 29715, 317, 6948, 6375, 435, 3660, 29445, 672, 313, 29929, 29929, 29897, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29892, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 18275, 3087, 1270, 29874, 29897, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 6375, 21569, 6994, 5459, 300, 554, 1309, 29885, 1129, 313, 29941, 29946, 29897, 10930, 263, 10322, 491, 29715, 317, 6948, 4818, 897, 392, 276, 15846, 880, 313, 29906, 29906, 29897, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29892, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 29909, 5022, 402, 1161, 29897, 13, 25411, 880, 338, 385, 2178, 29899, 16213, 411, 443, 2766, 369, 292, 16420, 297, 670, 10322, 29892, 2337, 1339, 15387, 393, 4383, 920, 6460, 368, 540, 8665, 393, 540, 508, 2507, 2712, 2820, 29889, 13, 3868, 1122, 505, 6077, 2820, 278, 3236, 310, 1438, 21517, 9550, 29879, 29889, 13, 29925, 1251, 23534, 5331, 491, 1023, 411, 29871, 29906, 29871, 29896, 29914, 29906, 6233, 2175, 1434, 14253, 880, 1754, 278, 2446, 1023, 289, 1278, 1691, 304, 2367, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 263, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29896, 29899, 29929, 29929, 7636, 411, 29871, 29896, 29901, 29906, 29947, 304, 1708, 29889, 739, 7470, 278, 317, 6948, 723, 22134, 372, 411, 263, 658, 29890, 1209, 304, 4818, 897, 392, 276, 15846, 880, 541, 5459, 300, 554, 1309, 29885, 1129, 16768, 28605, 297, 304, 2908, 372, 29892, 8525, 292, 670, 2301, 7799, 304, 278, 19174, 5742, 278, 25972, 408, 278, 16281, 29879, 14455, 278, 916, 982, 373, 278, 5172, 2867, 29889, 13, 25411, 880, 13726, 263, 7303, 310, 12500, 414, 541, 3739, 5714, 278, 8287, 1156, 278, 1473, 697, 746, 540, 20662, 2986, 322, 8379, 1623, 1550, 270, 1091, 21435, 29889, 2193, 2665, 14253, 880, 1283, 363, 263, 6568, 786, 322, 540, 5643, 411, 3023, 3889, 8026, 304, 1207, 372, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29899, 29896, 29900, 29896, 29889, 13, 29857, 554, 365, 2300, 29920, 750, 29871, 29896, 29946, 3291, 363, 278, 16281, 29879, 322, 13843, 434, 4168, 22394, 2715, 29871, 29896, 29941, 3291, 29892, 9881, 15121, 3885, 322, 9881, 1223, 2879, 29889, 940, 10322, 871, 29871, 29946, 363, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29892, 541, 670, 26406, 9213, 18232, 3739, 1283, 670, 3748, 29889, 13, 18743, 14253, 880, 29915, 29879, 1065, 29892, 372, 7470, 372, 471, 2675, 304, 367, 6726, 261, 29915, 29879, 4646, 29889, 940, 289, 20979, 1250, 297, 263, 4802, 982, 515, 263, 29871, 29941, 29899, 1454, 29899, 29896, 29946, 4646, 297, 8448, 29871, 29941, 411, 670, 4654, 29871, 29946, 29900, 29899, 3149, 3748, 310, 445, 1400, 25682, 29889, 13, 6246, 540, 750, 304, 18864, 2011, 1080, 310, 278, 4654, 322, 11582, 439, 13868, 373, 278, 3856, 305, 1156, 5839, 292, 701, 12584, 3137, 322, 670, 3815, 29885, 1078, 8496, 29915, 29873, 4386, 2712, 1728, 1075, 29889, 13, 3047, 278, 20251, 310, 1009, 871, 3611, 3815, 297, 278, 564, 2386, 29892, 278, 16281, 29879, 16710, 304, 29871, 29929, 29899, 29896, 472, 3271, 297, 278, 1708, 22450, 29889, 2688, 526, 1811, 304, 25688, 263, 29871, 29906, 29899, 29900, 822, 293, 277, 363, 278, 1473, 931, 297, 445, 1400, 25682, 29889, 13, 1576, 317, 6948, 2360, 2355, 901, 1135, 1023, 21614, 297, 1009, 1023, 3517, 3367, 567, 304, 278, 21517, 9550, 29879, 541, 372, 6140, 896, 892, 7146, 2343, 287, 727, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29889, 6726, 261, 750, 263, 4802, 8341, 304, 278, 4654, 12616, 304, 3638, 963, 304, 278, 11582, 8236, 29871, 29947, 29906, 29899, 29955, 29953, 29892, 541, 540, 18691, 701, 670, 18615, 285, 5059, 16079, 368, 263, 11015, 964, 278, 3785, 322, 3290, 363, 1048, 5320, 6233, 29889, 13, 1576, 16281, 29879, 17151, 2168, 871, 2211, 3291, 1283, 278, 3275, 1434, 540, 4133, 7145, 1582, 1549, 278, 11582, 29892, 541, 14253, 880, 1754, 1854, 896, 1190, 3192, 14432, 746, 372, 4383, 287, 29889, 13, 13448, 300, 554, 1309, 29885, 1129, 750, 8022, 630, 278 ]	1,024	CommonCrawl	-0.420391	-1.348404	-0.566541	-1.364659

LAWSON v. FMR LLC LAWSON v. FMR LLC ( ) 670 F. 3d 61, reversed and remanded. Syllabus [HTML] [PDF] Opinion, Ginsburg [HTML] [PDF] Concurrence, Scalia [HTML] [PDF] Dissent, Sotomayor [HTML] [PDF] NOTE: Where it is feasible, a syllabus (headnote) will be released, as is being done in connection with this case, at the time the opinion is issued.The syllabus constitutes no part of the opinion of the Court but has been prepared by the Reporter of Decisions for the convenience of the reader.See United States v. Detroit Timber & Lumber Co., 200 U. S. 321. LAWSON et al. v. FMR LLC et al. certiorari to the united states court of appeals for the first circuit No. 12–3. Argued November 12, 2013—Decided March 4, 2014 To safeguard investors in public companies and restore trust in the financial markets following the collapse of Enron Corporation, Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. One of the Act's provisions protects whistleblowers; at the time relevant here, that provision instructed: "No [public] company . . ., or any . . . contractor [or] subcontractor . . . of such company, may discharge, demote, suspend, threaten, harass, or . . . discriminate against an employee in the terms and conditions of employment because of [whistleblowing activity]." 18 U. S. C. §1514A(a). Plaintiffs below, petitioners here, are former employees of respondents (collectively FMR), private companies that contract to advise or manage mutual funds. As is common in the industry, the mutual funds served by FMR are public companies with no employees. Both plaintiffs allege that they blew the whistle on putative fraud relating to the mutual funds and, as a consequence, suffered retaliation by FMR. Each commenced suit in federal court. Moving to dismiss the suits, FMR argued that the plaintiffs could state no claim under §1514A, for that provision protects only employees of public companies, and not employees of private companies that contract with public companies. On interlocutory appeal from the District Court's denial of FMR's motion to dismiss, the First Circuit reversed, concluding that the term "an employee" in §1514A(a) refers only to employees of public companies. Held: The judgment is reversed and the case is remanded. Justice Ginsburg delivered the opinion of the Court, concluding that §1514A's whistleblower protection includes employees of a public company's private contractors and subcontractors. Pp. 9–29. (a) This reading of §1514A is supported by the provision's text. Pp. 9–16. (1) The Court looks first to the ordinary meaning of the provision's language. See Moskal v. United States, 498 U. S. 103. As relevant here, §1514A(a) provides that "no . . . contractor . . . may discharge . . . an employee." The ordinary meaning of "an employee" in this proscription is the contractor's own employee. FMR's "narrower construction" requires inserting "of a public company" after "an employee," but where Congress meant "an employee of a public company," it said so. The provision as a whole supports this reading. The prohibited retaliatory measures enumerated in §1514A(a)—discharge, demotion, suspension, threats, harassment, or discrimination in employment terms and conditions—are actions an employer takes against its own employees. Contractors are not ordinarily positioned to take adverse actions against employees of the public company with whom they contract. FMR's interpretation of §1514A, therefore, would shrink to insignificance the provision's ban on retaliation by contractors. The protected activity covered by §1514A, and the provision

[ 17900, 29956, 3094, 325, 29889, 20499, 29934, 365, 12182, 13, 4375, 29956, 3094, 325, 29889, 20499, 29934, 365, 12182, 313, 1723, 13, 29953, 29955, 29900, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29871, 29953, 29896, 29892, 18764, 287, 322, 1083, 392, 287, 29889, 13, 29903, 15114, 370, 375, 518, 7020, 29962, 518, 8493, 29962, 13, 11746, 262, 291, 29892, 402, 1144, 3074, 518, 7020, 29962, 518, 8493, 29962, 13, 1168, 21962, 663, 29892, 317, 1052, 423, 518, 7020, 29962, 518, 8493, 29962, 13, 29928, 19047, 29892, 317, 327, 290, 388, 272, 518, 7020, 29962, 518, 8493, 29962, 13, 12256, 29923, 29901, 30244, 11921, 372, 338, 28326, 1821, 29892, 263, 9878, 645, 370, 375, 313, 2813, 6812, 29897, 674, 367, 5492, 29892, 408, 338, 1641, 2309, 297, 3957, 411, 445, 1206, 29892, 472, 278, 931, 278, 9426, 338, 16610, 29889, 1576, 9878, 645, 370, 375, 20016, 2667, 694, 760, 310, 278, 9426, 310, 278, 9245, 541, 756, 1063, 13240, 491, 278, 830, 18505, 310, 3826, 12112, 363, 278, 29703, 310, 278, 9591, 29889, 13393, 3303, 3900, 325, 29889, 25749, 7870, 495, 669, 365, 2807, 3189, 1696, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29906, 29896, 29889, 13, 4375, 29956, 3094, 634, 394, 29889, 325, 29889, 20499, 29934, 365, 12182, 634, 394, 29889, 13, 6327, 1611, 1306, 304, 278, 443, 1573, 5922, 8973, 310, 5929, 1338, 363, 278, 937, 11369, 13, 3782, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29994, 29941, 29889, 30363, 1433, 2543, 287, 3979, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 30003, 6185, 2618, 4779, 29871, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 13, 1762, 9437, 24024, 538, 13258, 943, 297, 970, 14582, 322, 17749, 9311, 297, 278, 18161, 2791, 1691, 1494, 278, 24382, 310, 1174, 1617, 15025, 29892, 11559, 4502, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 310, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29889, 3118, 310, 278, 3185, 29915, 29879, 1326, 12112, 12566, 29879, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 414, 29936, 472, 278, 931, 8018, 1244, 29892, 393, 25161, 18690, 287, 29901, 376, 3782, 518, 3597, 29962, 5001, 869, 869, 869, 29892, 470, 738, 869, 869, 869, 8078, 272, 518, 272, 29962, 1014, 1285, 28891, 869, 869, 869, 310, 1316, 5001, 29892, 1122, 766, 23367, 29892, 1261, 866, 29892, 8872, 355, 29892, 20616, 29892, 4023, 465, 29892, 470, 869, 869, 869, 2313, 5632, 16976, 2750, 385, 19001, 297, 278, 4958, 322, 5855, 310, 5703, 358, 1363, 310, 518, 1332, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 6354, 29962, 1213, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 467, 13, 29925, 433, 524, 28324, 2400, 29892, 5697, 654, 414, 1244, 29892, 526, 4642, 22873, 310, 10049, 1237, 313, 15914, 3598, 20499, 29934, 511, 2024, 14582, 393, 8078, 304, 22939, 470, 10933, 5478, 950, 29199, 29889, 1094, 338, 3619, 297, 278, 13661, 29892, 278, 5478, 950, 29199, 6766, 491, 20499, 29934, 526, 970, 14582, 411, 694, 22873, 29889, 9134, 2174, 524, 28324, 394, 4424, 393, 896, 10767, 29893, 278, 377, 391, 280, 373, 1925, 1230, 5227, 566, 1104, 1218, 304, 278, 5478, 950, 29199, 322, 29892, 408, 263, 17004, 29892, 17654, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 20499, 29934, 29889, 7806, 844, 9223, 14726, 297, 17097, 8973, 29889, 14104, 292, 304, 18918, 278, 480, 1169, 29892, 20499, 29934, 28705, 393, 278, 2174, 524, 28324, 1033, 2106, 694, 5995, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 363, 393, 25161, 12566, 29879, 871, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 29892, 322, 451, 22873, 310, 2024, 14582, 393, 8078, 411, 970, 14582, 29889, 1551, 1006, 2029, 329, 706, 25530, 515, 278, 7457, 9245, 29915, 29879, 972, 616, 310, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 10884, 304, 18918, 29892, 278, 3824, 12594, 3121, 18764, 287, 29892, 378, 22368, 393, 278, 1840, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 14637, 871, 304, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 29889, 13, 29950, 2495, 29901, 450, 24284, 338, 18764, 287, 322, 278, 1206, 338, 1083, 392, 287, 29889, 13, 14084, 625, 402, 1144, 3074, 20115, 278, 9426, 310, 278, 9245, 29892, 378, 22368, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 7805, 22873, 310, 263, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 2024, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29929, 29994, 29906, 29929, 29889, 13, 29898, 29874, 29897, 910, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 6969, 491, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 1426, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29929, 29994, 29896, 29953, 29889, 13, 29898, 29896, 29897, 450, 9245, 3430, 937, 304, 278, 15311, 6593, 310, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 4086, 29889, 2823, 6630, 11311, 325, 29889, 3303, 3900, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29929, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29941, 29889, 1094, 8018, 1244, 29892, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 8128, 393, 376, 1217, 869, 869, 869, 8078, 272, 869, 869, 869, 1122, 766, 23367, 869, 869, 869, 385, 19001, 1213, 450, 15311, 6593, 310, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 297, 445, 10791, 3395, 338, 278, 8078, 272, 29915, 29879, 1914, 19001, 29889, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 376, 24156, 307, 556, 7632, 29908, 6858, 23800, 376, 974, 263, 970, 5001, 29908, 1156, 376, 273, 19001, 1699, 541, 988, 11559, 6839, 376, 273, 19001, 310, 263, 970, 5001, 1699, 372, 1497, 577, 29889, 13, 1576, 25161, 408, 263, 3353, 11286, 445, 5183, 29889, 450, 21460, 1573, 3240, 2606, 7606, 15366, 22447, 630, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 30003, 29881, 783, 279, 479, 29892, 1261, 8194, 29892, 8872, 2673, 29892, 12455, 1446, 29892, 4023, 465, 358, 29892, 470, 2313, 5632, 3381, 297, 5703, 358, 4958, 322, 5855, 30003, 598, 8820, 385, 5703, 261, 4893, 2750, 967, 1914, 22873, 29889, 2866, 1461, 943, 526, 451, 22420, 6275, 2602, 287, 304, 2125, 594, 3901, 8820, 2750, 22873, 310, 278, 970, 5001, 411, 6029, 896, 8078, 29889, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 19854, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 5480, 29892, 723, 14653, 682, 304, 1663, 647, 928, 749, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 9892, 373, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 8078, 943, 29889, 450, 6364, 6354, 10664, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 322, 278, 25161 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.281821

0.992151

-0.354044

0.303318

's enforcement procedures and remedies, also indicate that Congress presumed an employer-employee relationship between the retaliator and the whistleblowing employee. Pp. 9–14. (2) FMR's textual arguments are unpersuasive. It urges that "an employee" must be read to refer exclusively to public company employees to avoid the absurd result of extending protection to the personal employees of company officers and employees, e.g., their housekeepers or gardeners. This concern appears more theoretical than real and, in any event, is outweighed by the compelling arguments opposing FMR's reading of §1514A. FMR also urges that its reading is supported by the provision's statutory headings, but those headings are "not meant to take the place of the detailed provisions of the text." Trainmen v. Baltimore & Ohio R. Co., 331 U. S. 519. Pp. 14–16. (b) Other considerations support the Court's textual analysis. Pp. 16–27. (1) The Court's reading fits §1514A's aim to ward off another Enron debacle. The legislative record shows Congress' understanding that outside professionals bear significant responsibility for reporting fraud by the public companies with whom they contract, and that fear of retaliation was the primary deterrent to such reporting by the employees of Enron's contractors. Sarbanes-Oxley contains numerous provisions designed to control the conduct of accountants, auditors, and lawyers who work with public companies, but only §1514A affords such employees protection from retaliation by their employers for complying with the Act's reporting requirements. Pp. 16–20. (2) This Court's reading of §1514A avoids insulating the entire mutual fund industry from §1514A. Virtually all mutual funds are structured so that they have no employees of their own; they are managed, instead, by independent investment advisors. Accordingly, the "narrower construction" endorsed by FMR would leave §1514A with no application to mutual funds. The Court's reading of §1514A, in contrast, protects the employees of investment advisors, who are often the only firsthand witnesses to shareholder fraud involving mutual funds. Pp. 20–22. (3) There is scant evidence that today's decision will open any floodgates for whistleblowing suits outside §1514A's purposes. The Department of Labor's regulations have interpreted §1514A as protecting contractor employees for almost a decade, yet FMR is unable to identify a single case in which the employee of a private contractor has asserted a §1514A claim based on allegations unrelated to shareholder fraud. Plaintiffs and the Solicitor General suggest various limiting principles to dispel any overbreadth problems. This Court need not determine §1514A's bounds here, however, because, if plaintiffs' allegations prove true, plaintiffs are precisely the "firsthand witnesses to [the shareholder] fraud" Congress anticipated §1514A would protect. S. Rep. No. 107–146, p. 10. Pp. 22–24. (4) The 2010 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act does not affect this Court's task of determining whether Congress in 2002 afforded protection to whistleblowing contractor employees. Pp. 24–27. (c) AIR 21's whistleblower protection provision has been read to cover, in addition to employees of air carriers, employees of contractors and subcontractors of the carriers. Given the parallel statutory texts and whistleblower protective aims, the Court reads the words "an employee" in AIR 21 and in §1514A to have similar import. Pp. 27–29. Justice Scalia, joined by Justice Thomas, relying only on 18 U. S. C. §1514A's text and broader context, agreed that §1514A protects employees of private contractors from retaliation when they report covered forms of fra

[ 29915, 29879, 24555, 13561, 28648, 322, 1083, 287, 583, 29892, 884, 12266, 393, 11559, 2225, 21571, 385, 5703, 261, 29899, 26143, 9443, 1546, 278, 3240, 2606, 1061, 322, 278, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 19001, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29929, 29994, 29896, 29946, 29889, 13, 29898, 29906, 29897, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 1426, 950, 6273, 526, 443, 6774, 29884, 294, 573, 29889, 739, 5065, 2710, 393, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 1818, 367, 1303, 304, 2737, 13489, 3598, 304, 970, 5001, 22873, 304, 4772, 278, 6425, 18245, 1121, 310, 23771, 13047, 304, 278, 7333, 22873, 310, 5001, 13049, 322, 22873, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 1009, 3699, 17462, 414, 470, 16423, 414, 29889, 910, 5932, 5692, 901, 23399, 1135, 1855, 322, 29892, 297, 738, 1741, 29892, 338, 714, 705, 25398, 491, 278, 752, 7807, 6273, 9209, 292, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 20499, 29934, 884, 5065, 2710, 393, 967, 5183, 338, 6969, 491, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 1002, 329, 706, 2343, 886, 29892, 541, 1906, 2343, 886, 526, 376, 1333, 6839, 304, 2125, 278, 2058, 310, 278, 13173, 1326, 12112, 310, 278, 1426, 1213, 28186, 1527, 325, 29889, 26767, 669, 15821, 390, 29889, 3189, 1696, 29871, 29941, 29941, 29896, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29945, 29896, 29929, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29994, 29896, 29953, 29889, 13, 29898, 29890, 29897, 5901, 2050, 800, 2304, 278, 9245, 29915, 29879, 1426, 950, 7418, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29994, 29906, 29955, 29889, 13, 29898, 29896, 29897, 450, 9245, 29915, 29879, 5183, 23994, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 12242, 304, 281, 538, 1283, 1790, 1174, 1617, 2553, 6436, 29889, 450, 13332, 1230, 2407, 3697, 11559, 29915, 8004, 393, 5377, 6351, 1338, 11460, 7282, 23134, 363, 23415, 5227, 566, 491, 278, 970, 14582, 411, 6029, 896, 8078, 29892, 322, 393, 8866, 310, 3240, 2606, 362, 471, 278, 7601, 270, 1308, 7771, 304, 1316, 23415, 491, 278, 22873, 310, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 8078, 943, 29889, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3743, 12727, 1326, 12112, 8688, 304, 2761, 278, 7512, 310, 3633, 1934, 29892, 12990, 17259, 29892, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 1058, 664, 411, 970, 14582, 29892, 541, 871, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 2756, 4339, 1316, 22873, 13047, 515, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 1009, 5703, 414, 363, 752, 5890, 411, 278, 3185, 29915, 29879, 23415, 11780, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29994, 29906, 29900, 29889, 13, 29898, 29906, 29897, 910, 9245, 29915, 29879, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 4772, 29879, 1663, 18099, 278, 4152, 5478, 950, 5220, 13661, 515, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 478, 2728, 1474, 599, 5478, 950, 29199, 526, 2281, 2955, 577, 393, 896, 505, 694, 22873, 310, 1009, 1914, 29936, 896, 526, 8745, 29892, 2012, 29892, 491, 7417, 13258, 358, 25228, 943, 29889, 7579, 368, 29892, 278, 376, 24156, 307, 556, 7632, 29908, 1095, 943, 287, 491, 20499, 29934, 723, 5967, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 411, 694, 2280, 304, 5478, 950, 29199, 29889, 450, 9245, 29915, 29879, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 297, 12814, 29892, 12566, 29879, 278, 22873, 310, 13258, 358, 25228, 943, 29892, 1058, 526, 4049, 278, 871, 937, 3179, 16277, 267, 304, 6232, 7694, 5227, 566, 21677, 5478, 950, 29199, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29994, 29906, 29906, 29889, 13, 29898, 29941, 29897, 1670, 338, 885, 424, 10757, 393, 9826, 29915, 29879, 10608, 674, 1722, 738, 5685, 397, 29887, 1078, 363, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 480, 1169, 5377, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 11976, 29889, 450, 10317, 310, 16715, 29915, 29879, 1072, 8250, 505, 21551, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 408, 12566, 292, 8078, 272, 22873, 363, 4359, 263, 316, 6332, 29892, 3447, 20499, 29934, 338, 9368, 304, 12439, 263, 2323, 1206, 297, 607, 278, 19001, 310, 263, 2024, 8078, 272, 756, 4974, 287, 263, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 5995, 2729, 373, 16831, 800, 443, 12817, 304, 6232, 7694, 5227, 566, 29889, 13494, 524, 28324, 322, 278, 4956, 293, 2105, 4593, 4368, 5164, 4046, 292, 18671, 304, 12272, 295, 738, 975, 29890, 949, 386, 4828, 29889, 910, 9245, 817, 451, 8161, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 13451, 1244, 29892, 3138, 29892, 1363, 29892, 565, 2174, 524, 28324, 29915, 16831, 800, 6356, 1565, 29892, 2174, 524, 28324, 526, 17503, 278, 376, 4102, 3179, 16277, 267, 304, 518, 1552, 6232, 7694, 29962, 5227, 566, 29908, 11559, 23483, 630, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 723, 12566, 29889, 317, 29889, 10088, 29889, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29994, 29896, 29946, 29953, 29892, 282, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29994, 29906, 29946, 29889, 13, 29898, 29946, 29897, 450, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 14406, 7103, 23933, 322, 2138, 4680, 14409, 428, 3185, 947, 451, 6602, 445, 9245, 29915, 29879, 3414, 310, 3683, 2827, 3692, 11559, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 21750, 287, 13047, 304, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 8078, 272, 22873, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29946, 29994, 29906, 29955, 29889, 13, 29898, 29883, 29897, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 25161, 756, 1063, 1303, 304, 4612, 29892, 297, 6124, 304, 22873, 310, 4799, 19638, 414, 29892, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 310, 278, 19638, 414, 29889, 11221, 278, 8943, 1002, 329, 706, 26442, 322, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 12566, 573, 263, 9893, 29892, 278, 9245, 13623, 278, 3838, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 297, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 322, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 505, 2788, 1053, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29994, 29906, 29929, 29889, 13, 14084, 625, 317, 1052, 423, 29892, 8772, 491, 17181, 5569, 29892, 337, 5890, 871, 373, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 1426, 322, 2545, 1664, 3030, 29892, 15502, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 12566, 29879, 22873, 310, 2024, 8078, 943, 515, 3240, 2606, 362, 746, 896, 3461, 10664, 7190, 310, 5227 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.183476

1.583941

0.236823

0.754879

ud. Pp. 1–3. Ginsburg, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which Roberts, C. J., and Breyer and Kagan, JJ., joined, and in which Scalia and Thomas, JJ., joined in principal part. Scalia, J., filed an opinion concurring in principal part and concurring in the judgment, in which Thomas, J., joined. Sotomayor, J., filed a dissenting opinion, in which Kennedy and Alito, JJ., joined. NOTICE: This opinion is subject to formal revision before publication in the preliminary print of the United States Reports. Readers are requested to notify the Reporter of Decisions, Supreme Court of the United States, Washington, D. C. 20543, of any typographical or other formal errors, in order that corrections may be made before the preliminary print goes to press. JACKIE HOSANG LAWSON and JONATHAN M. ZANG, PETITIONERS v. FMR LLC et al. on writ of certiorari to the united states court of appeals for the first circuit [March 4, 2014] Justice Ginsburg delivered the opinion of the Court. To safeguard investors in public companies and restore trust in the financial markets following the collapse of Enron Corporation, Congress enacted the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 116Stat. 745. See S. Rep. No. 107–146, pp. 2–11 (2002). A provision of the Act, 18 U. S. C. §1514A, protects whistleblowers. Section 1514A, at the time here relevant, instructed: "No [public] company . . . , or any officer, employee, contractor, subcontractor, or agent of such company, may discharge, demote, suspend, threaten, harass,or in any other manner discriminate against an employee in the terms and conditions of employment because of [whistleblowing or other protected activity]." §1514A(a) (2006 ed.). This case concerns the definition of the protected class: Does §1514A shield only those employed by the public company itself, or does it shield as well employees of privately held contractors and subcontractors—for example, investment advisers, law firms, accounting enterprises—who perform work for the public company? We hold, based on the text of §1514A, the mischief to which Congress was responding, and earlier legislation Congress drew upon, that the provision shelters employees of private contractors and subcontractors, just as it shelters employees of the public company served by the contractors and subcontractors. We first summarize our principal reasons, then describe this controversy and explain our decision more comprehensively. Plaintiffs below, petitioners here, are former employees of private companies that contract to advise or manage mutual funds. The mutual funds themselves are public companies that have no employees. Hence, if the whistle is to be blown on fraud detrimental to mutual fund investors, the whistleblowing employee must be on another company's payroll, most likely, the payroll of the mutual fund's investment adviser or manager. Taking the allegations of the complaint as true, both plaintiffs blew the whistle on putative fraud relating to the mutual funds and, as a consequence, suffered adverse action by their employers. Plaintiffs read §1514A to convey that "[n]o . . . contractor . . . may . . . discriminate against [its own] employee [for whistleblowing]." We find that reading consistent with the text of the statute and with common sense. Contractors are in control of their own employees, but are not ordinarily positioned to control someone else's workers. Moreover, we resist attributing to Congress a purpose to stop a contractor from retaliating against whistleblowers employed by the public company the contractor serves, while leaving the contractor free to retaliate against its own employees when they reveal corporate fraud. In the Enron scandal that prompted the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, contractors and subcontractors, including the accounting firm Arthur Andersen,

[ 566, 29889, 349, 29886, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29994, 29941, 29889, 13, 29954, 1144, 3074, 29892, 435, 1696, 20115, 278, 9426, 310, 278, 9245, 29892, 297, 607, 27253, 29892, 315, 29889, 435, 1696, 322, 5826, 7598, 322, 476, 18939, 29892, 435, 29967, 1696, 8772, 29892, 322, 297, 607, 317, 1052, 423, 322, 5569, 29892, 435, 29967, 1696, 8772, 297, 5882, 760, 29889, 317, 1052, 423, 29892, 435, 1696, 934, 29881, 385, 9426, 3022, 1038, 292, 297, 5882, 760, 322, 3022, 1038, 292, 297, 278, 24284, 29892, 297, 607, 5569, 29892, 435, 1696, 8772, 29889, 317, 327, 290, 388, 272, 29892, 435, 1696, 934, 29881, 263, 16317, 296, 292, 9426, 29892, 297, 607, 23166, 322, 838, 2049, 29892, 435, 29967, 1696, 8772, 29889, 13, 12256, 12107, 29901, 30244, 4013, 9426, 338, 4967, 304, 11595, 26554, 1434, 17745, 297, 278, 758, 2576, 3821, 1596, 310, 278, 3303, 3900, 830, 4011, 29889, 30363, 6359, 414, 526, 13877, 304, 26051, 278, 830, 18505, 310, 3826, 12112, 29892, 22569, 9245, 310, 278, 3303, 3900, 29892, 7660, 29892, 360, 29889, 315, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29945, 29946, 29941, 29892, 310, 738, 2393, 19711, 470, 916, 11595, 4436, 29892, 297, 1797, 393, 14515, 1953, 1122, 367, 1754, 1434, 278, 758, 2576, 3821, 1596, 5771, 304, 3965, 29889, 13, 29967, 11375, 8673, 379, 3267, 19453, 17900, 29956, 3094, 322, 435, 1164, 7534, 2190, 341, 29889, 796, 19453, 29892, 349, 2544, 22122, 23598, 325, 29889, 20499, 29934, 365, 12182, 634, 394, 29889, 13, 265, 2044, 310, 2284, 1611, 1306, 304, 278, 443, 1573, 5922, 8973, 310, 5929, 1338, 363, 278, 937, 11369, 13, 29961, 29924, 1279, 29871, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29962, 13, 14084, 625, 402, 1144, 3074, 20115, 278, 9426, 310, 278, 9245, 29889, 13, 1762, 9437, 24024, 538, 13258, 943, 297, 970, 14582, 322, 17749, 9311, 297, 278, 18161, 2791, 1691, 1494, 278, 24382, 310, 1174, 1617, 15025, 29892, 11559, 427, 627, 287, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 310, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29953, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29946, 29945, 29889, 2823, 317, 29889, 10088, 29889, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29994, 29896, 29946, 29953, 29892, 6499, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29994, 29896, 29896, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 467, 319, 25161, 310, 278, 3185, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 12566, 29879, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 414, 29889, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 472, 278, 931, 1244, 8018, 29892, 18690, 287, 29901, 13, 29908, 3782, 518, 3597, 29962, 5001, 869, 869, 869, 1919, 470, 738, 12139, 29892, 19001, 29892, 8078, 272, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 470, 10823, 310, 1316, 5001, 29892, 1122, 766, 23367, 29892, 1261, 866, 29892, 8872, 355, 29892, 20616, 29892, 4023, 465, 29892, 272, 297, 738, 916, 8214, 2313, 5632, 16976, 2750, 385, 19001, 297, 278, 4958, 322, 5855, 310, 5703, 358, 1363, 310, 518, 1332, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 470, 916, 6364, 6354, 29962, 1213, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29953, 1226, 6250, 13, 4013, 1206, 21838, 278, 5023, 310, 278, 6364, 770, 29901, 5538, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 28761, 871, 1906, 15723, 491, 278, 970, 5001, 3528, 29892, 470, 947, 372, 28761, 408, 1532, 22873, 310, 5999, 2486, 4934, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 30003, 1454, 1342, 29892, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 29892, 4307, 13734, 1516, 29892, 3633, 292, 3896, 558, 4637, 30003, 15970, 2189, 664, 363, 278, 970, 5001, 29973, 13, 4806, 4808, 29892, 2729, 373, 278, 1426, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 278, 286, 783, 2575, 304, 607, 11559, 471, 10049, 292, 29892, 322, 8859, 13332, 362, 11559, 15010, 2501, 29892, 393, 278, 25161, 528, 295, 2153, 22873, 310, 2024, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29892, 925, 408, 372, 528, 295, 2153, 22873, 310, 278, 970, 5001, 6766, 491, 278, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29889, 1334, 937, 19138, 675, 1749, 5882, 9590, 29892, 769, 8453, 445, 19341, 29891, 322, 5649, 1749, 10608, 901, 15171, 575, 3598, 29889, 13, 29925, 433, 524, 28324, 2400, 29892, 5697, 654, 414, 1244, 29892, 526, 4642, 22873, 310, 2024, 14582, 393, 8078, 304, 22939, 470, 10933, 5478, 950, 29199, 29889, 450, 5478, 950, 29199, 6053, 526, 970, 14582, 393, 505, 694, 22873, 29889, 10133, 29892, 565, 278, 377, 391, 280, 338, 304, 367, 13031, 29876, 373, 5227, 566, 1439, 29878, 2073, 284, 304, 5478, 950, 5220, 13258, 943, 29892, 278, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 19001, 1818, 367, 373, 1790, 5001, 29915, 29879, 5146, 1245, 29892, 1556, 5517, 29892, 278, 5146, 1245, 310, 278, 5478, 950, 5220, 29915, 29879, 13258, 358, 25228, 261, 470, 8455, 29889, 13, 29911, 5086, 278, 16831, 800, 310, 278, 15313, 524, 408, 1565, 29892, 1716, 2174, 524, 28324, 10767, 29893, 278, 377, 391, 280, 373, 1925, 1230, 5227, 566, 1104, 1218, 304, 278, 5478, 950, 29199, 322, 29892, 408, 263, 17004, 29892, 17654, 594, 3901, 3158, 491, 1009, 5703, 414, 29889, 13494, 524, 28324, 1303, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 27769, 393, 14704, 29876, 29962, 29877, 869, 869, 869, 8078, 272, 869, 869, 869, 1122, 869, 869, 869, 2313, 5632, 16976, 2750, 518, 1169, 1914, 29962, 19001, 518, 1454, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 29962, 1213, 1334, 1284, 393, 5183, 13747, 411, 278, 1426, 310, 278, 1002, 1082, 322, 411, 3619, 4060, 29889, 2866, 1461, 943, 526, 297, 2761, 310, 1009, 1914, 22873, 29892, 541, 526, 451, 22420, 6275, 2602, 287, 304, 2761, 4856, 1683, 29915, 29879, 17162, 29889, 12808, 29892, 591, 9241, 1098, 1091, 17068, 304, 11559, 263, 6437, 304, 5040, 263, 8078, 272, 515, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 414, 15723, 491, 278, 970, 5001, 278, 8078, 272, 19700, 29892, 1550, 10124, 278, 8078, 272, 3889, 304, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 967, 1914, 22873, 746, 896, 10320, 284, 17266, 403, 5227, 566, 29889, 13, 797, 278, 1174, 1617, 885, 24258, 393, 9508, 287, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 29892, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29892, 3704, 278, 3633, 292, 9226, 11498, 19897, 264, 29892 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.165815

1.14529

0.094262

0.549969

participated in Enron's fraud and its coverup. When employees of those contractors attempted to bring misconduct to light, they encountered retaliation by their employers. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act contains numerous provisions aimed at controlling the conduct of accountants, auditors, and lawyers who work with public companies. See, e.g., 116Stat. 750–765, 773–774, 784, §§101–107, 203–206, 307. Given Congress' concern about contractor conduct of the kind that contributed to Enron's collapse, we regard with suspicion construction of §1514A to protect whistleblowers only when they are employed by a public company, and not when they work for the public company's contractor. Congress borrowed §1514A's prohibition against retaliation from the wording of the 2000 Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century (AIR 21), 49 U. S. C. §42121. That Act provides: "No air carrier or contractor or subcontractor of an air carrier may discharge an employee or otherwise discriminate against an employee with respect to compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment" when the employee provides information regarding violations "relating to air carrier safety" to his or her employer or federal authorities. §42121(a)(1). AIR 21 has been read to cover, in addition to employees of air carriers, employees of contractors and subcontractors of the carriers. Given the parallel statu-tory texts and whistleblower protective aims, we readthe words "an employee" in AIR 21 and in §1514A to have similar import. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Sarbanes-Oxley or Act) aims to "prevent and punish corporate and criminal fraud, protect the victims of such fraud, preserve evidence of such fraud, and hold wrongdoers accountable for their actions." S. Rep. No. 107–146, p. 2 (2002) (hereinafter S. Rep.). 1 Of particular concern to Congress was abundant evidence that Enron had succeeded in perpetuating its massive shareholder fraud in large part due to a "corporate code of silence"; that code, Congress found, "discourage[d] employees from reporting fraudulent behavior not only to the proper authorities, such as the FBI and the SEC, but even internally." Id., at 4–5 (internal quotation marks omitted). When employees of Enron and its accounting firm, Arthur Andersen, attempted to report corporate misconduct, Congress learned, they faced retaliation, including discharge. As outside counsel advised company officials at the time, Enron's efforts to "quiet" whistleblowers generally were not proscribed under then-existing law. Id., at 5, 10. Congress identified the lack of whistleblower protection as "a significant deficiency" in the law, for in complex securities fraud investigations, employees "are [often] the only firsthand witnesses to the fraud." Id., at 10. Section 806 of Sarbanes-Oxley addresses this concern. Titled "Protection for Employees of Publicly Traded Companies Who Provide Evidence of Fraud," §806 added a new provision to Title 18 of the United States Code, 18 U. S. C. §1514A, which reads in relevant part: "Civil action to protect against retaliation in fraud cases "(a) Whistleblower Protection for Employees of Publicly Traded Companies.—No company with a class of securities registered under section 12 ofthe Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ( 15 U. S. C. §78 l), or that is required to file reports under section 15(d)of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U. S. C. §78o(d)), or any officer, employee, contractor, subcontractor, or agent of such company, may discharge, demote, suspend

[ 25223, 297, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 5227, 566, 322, 967, 4612, 786, 29889, 1932, 22873, 310, 1906, 8078, 943, 16388, 304, 6963, 3984, 535, 2199, 304, 3578, 29892, 896, 18169, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 1009, 5703, 414, 29889, 450, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 3743, 12727, 1326, 12112, 12242, 287, 472, 640, 22155, 278, 7512, 310, 3633, 1934, 29892, 12990, 17259, 29892, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 1058, 664, 411, 970, 14582, 29889, 2823, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29953, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29945, 29900, 29994, 29955, 29953, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29955, 29955, 29941, 29994, 29955, 29955, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29955, 29947, 29946, 29892, 16683, 30152, 29896, 29900, 29896, 29994, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29941, 29994, 29906, 29900, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29955, 29889, 11221, 11559, 29915, 5932, 1048, 8078, 272, 7512, 310, 278, 2924, 393, 26869, 304, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 24382, 29892, 591, 4880, 411, 8872, 15353, 7632, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 12566, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 414, 871, 746, 896, 526, 15723, 491, 263, 970, 5001, 29892, 322, 451, 746, 896, 664, 363, 278, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 8078, 272, 29889, 13, 29907, 549, 1253, 27942, 287, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 21460, 654, 2750, 3240, 2606, 362, 515, 278, 1734, 292, 310, 278, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29900, 29022, 514, 379, 29889, 14601, 319, 14641, 512, 10147, 358, 322, 23933, 3185, 363, 278, 29871, 29906, 29896, 303, 24027, 313, 29909, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 511, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29889, 2193, 3185, 8128, 29901, 376, 3782, 4799, 1559, 4336, 470, 8078, 272, 470, 1014, 1285, 28891, 310, 385, 4799, 1559, 4336, 1122, 766, 23367, 385, 19001, 470, 6467, 2313, 5632, 16976, 2750, 385, 19001, 411, 3390, 304, 22874, 362, 29892, 4958, 29892, 5855, 29892, 470, 28091, 310, 5703, 358, 29908, 746, 278, 19001, 8128, 2472, 11211, 5537, 800, 376, 2674, 1218, 304, 4799, 1559, 4336, 15332, 29908, 304, 670, 470, 902, 5703, 261, 470, 17097, 21142, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29896, 467, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 756, 1063, 1303, 304, 4612, 29892, 297, 6124, 304, 22873, 310, 4799, 19638, 414, 29892, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 310, 278, 19638, 414, 29889, 11221, 278, 8943, 1002, 29884, 29899, 29873, 706, 26442, 322, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 12566, 573, 263, 9893, 29892, 591, 1303, 1552, 3838, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 297, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 322, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 505, 2788, 1053, 29889, 13, 1576, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 310, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 313, 29903, 279, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 470, 3185, 29897, 263, 9893, 304, 376, 18921, 322, 6035, 728, 17266, 403, 322, 22161, 5227, 566, 29892, 12566, 278, 6879, 9893, 310, 1316, 5227, 566, 29892, 19905, 10757, 310, 1316, 5227, 566, 29892, 322, 4808, 2743, 1867, 414, 3633, 519, 363, 1009, 8820, 1213, 317, 29889, 10088, 29889, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29994, 29896, 29946, 29953, 29892, 282, 29889, 29871, 29906, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29897, 313, 4150, 1099, 906, 317, 29889, 10088, 6250, 29871, 29896, 4587, 3153, 5932, 304, 11559, 471, 18666, 424, 10757, 393, 1174, 1617, 750, 14792, 297, 25722, 29884, 1218, 967, 20364, 6232, 7694, 5227, 566, 297, 2919, 760, 2861, 304, 263, 376, 2616, 1971, 403, 775, 310, 15142, 1769, 393, 775, 29892, 11559, 1476, 29892, 376, 2218, 16589, 6617, 29961, 29881, 29962, 22873, 515, 23415, 5227, 566, 352, 296, 6030, 451, 871, 304, 278, 1571, 21142, 29892, 1316, 408, 278, 383, 12809, 322, 278, 3725, 29907, 29892, 541, 1584, 25106, 1213, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29946, 29994, 29945, 313, 7564, 13911, 362, 17997, 25811, 467, 1932, 22873, 310, 1174, 1617, 322, 967, 3633, 292, 9226, 29892, 11498, 19897, 264, 29892, 16388, 304, 3461, 17266, 403, 3984, 535, 2199, 29892, 11559, 10972, 29892, 896, 20050, 3240, 2606, 362, 29892, 3704, 766, 23367, 29889, 1094, 5377, 2613, 2838, 594, 11292, 5001, 24921, 472, 278, 931, 29892, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 14231, 304, 376, 339, 2035, 29908, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 414, 6892, 892, 451, 410, 7588, 2580, 1090, 769, 29899, 735, 15423, 4307, 29889, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 11559, 15659, 278, 10225, 310, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 408, 376, 29874, 7282, 822, 293, 13396, 29908, 297, 278, 4307, 29892, 363, 297, 4280, 409, 2764, 1907, 5227, 566, 7405, 800, 29892, 22873, 376, 598, 518, 29877, 15535, 29962, 278, 871, 937, 3179, 16277, 267, 304, 278, 5227, 566, 1213, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 13, 13438, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29953, 310, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 14157, 445, 5932, 29889, 11810, 839, 376, 1184, 371, 428, 363, 7361, 2376, 12712, 310, 5236, 368, 1605, 11932, 3831, 273, 583, 11644, 9133, 680, 7298, 5084, 310, 7347, 566, 1699, 16683, 29947, 29900, 29953, 2715, 263, 716, 25161, 304, 18527, 29871, 29896, 29947, 310, 278, 3303, 3900, 5920, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 607, 13623, 297, 8018, 760, 29901, 13, 29908, 29907, 5341, 3158, 304, 12566, 2750, 3240, 2606, 362, 297, 5227, 566, 4251, 13, 29908, 29898, 29874, 29897, 806, 391, 19982, 13609, 14409, 428, 363, 7361, 2376, 12712, 310, 5236, 368, 1605, 11932, 3831, 273, 583, 22416, 3782, 5001, 411, 263, 770, 310, 409, 2764, 1907, 15443, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29906, 310, 1552, 5356, 332, 1907, 24004, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 313, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29947, 301, 511, 470, 393, 338, 3734, 304, 934, 13676, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 974, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 24004, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 313, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29947, 29877, 29898, 29881, 8243, 470, 738, 12139, 29892, 19001, 29892, 8078, 272, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 470, 10823, 310, 1316, 5001, 29892, 1122, 766, 23367, 29892, 1261, 866, 29892, 8872, 355 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.163777

1.651426

0.82769

0.84342

, threaten, harass, or in any othermanner discriminate against an employee in the terms and conditions of employment because of any lawful act done by the employee— "(1) to provide information, cause information to be provided, or otherwise assist in an investigation regarding any conduct which the employee reasonably believes constitutes a violation of section 1341 [mail fraud], 1343 [wire fraud], 1344 [bank fraud], or 1348 [securities or commodities fraud], any rule or regulation of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or any provision of Federal law relating to fraud against shareholders, when the information or assistance is provided to or the investigation is conducted by [a federal agency, Congress, or supervisor] . . . ." §806, 116Stat. 802. 2 Congress has assigned whistleblower protection largely to the Department of Labor (DOL), which administers some 20 United States Code incorporated whistleblower protection provisions. See 78 Fed. Reg. 3918 (2013). The Secretary has delegated investigatory and initial adju-dicatory responsibility over claims under a number of these provisions, including §1514A, to DOL's Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Ibid. OSHA's order may be appealed to an administrative law judge, and then to DOL's Administrative Review Board (ARB). 29 CFR §§1980.104 to 1980.110 (2011). In common with other whistleblower protection provisions enforced by DOL, see 77 Fed. Reg. 3912 (2012), the ARB's determination on a §1514A claim constitutes the agency's final decision and is reviewable in federal court under the standards stated in the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U. S. C. §706. If, however, the ARB does not issue a final decision within 180 days of the filing of the complaint, and the delay is not due to bad faith on the claimant's part, the claimant may proceed to federal district court for de novo review. 18 U. S. C. §1514A(b). An employee prevailing in a proceeding under §1514A is entitled to "all relief necessary to make the employee whole," including "reinstatement with the same seniority status that the employee would have had, but for the discrimination," backpay with interest, and compensation for litigation costs. §1514A(c). Congress modeled §1514A on the anti-retaliation provision of the Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century (AIR 21), 49 U. S. C. §42121, a measure enacted two years earlier. See S. Rep., at 30 (corporate whistleblower protections "track [AIR 21's] protections as closely as possible"). Section 1514A incorporates by cross-reference AIR 21's administrative enforcement procedures. 18 U. S. C. §1514A(b)(2). Petitioners Jackie Hosang Lawson and Jonathan M. Zang (plaintiffs) separately initiated proceedings under §1514A against their former employers, privately held companies that provide advisory and management services to the Fidelity family of mutual funds. The Fidelity funds are not parties to either case; as is common in the mutual fund industry, the Fidelity funds themselves have no employees. Instead, they contract with investment advisers like respondents to handle their day-to-day operations, which include making investment decisions, preparing reports for shareholders, and filing reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Lawson was employed by Fidelity Brokerage Services, LLC, a subsidiary of FMR Corp., which was succeeded by FMR LLC. Zang was employed by a different FMR LLC subsidiary, Fidelity Management & Research Co., and later by one of that company's subsidiaries, FMR Co., Inc. For convenience, we refer to respondents collectively as FMR. L

[ 29892, 20616, 29892, 4023, 465, 29892, 470, 297, 738, 916, 4403, 261, 2313, 5632, 16976, 2750, 385, 19001, 297, 278, 4958, 322, 5855, 310, 5703, 358, 1363, 310, 738, 4307, 1319, 1044, 2309, 491, 278, 19001, 30003, 13, 29908, 29898, 29896, 29897, 304, 3867, 2472, 29892, 4556, 2472, 304, 367, 4944, 29892, 470, 6467, 6985, 297, 385, 22522, 11211, 738, 7512, 607, 278, 19001, 2769, 2197, 1339, 17180, 20016, 2667, 263, 5537, 362, 310, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29946, 29896, 518, 2549, 5227, 566, 1402, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29946, 29941, 518, 22376, 5227, 566, 1402, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29946, 29946, 518, 9157, 5227, 566, 1402, 470, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29946, 29947, 518, 344, 2764, 1907, 470, 844, 397, 1907, 5227, 566, 1402, 738, 5751, 470, 1072, 2785, 310, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 322, 24004, 11444, 29892, 470, 738, 25161, 310, 14879, 4307, 1104, 1218, 304, 5227, 566, 2750, 6232, 8948, 414, 29892, 746, 278, 2472, 470, 18872, 338, 4944, 304, 470, 278, 22522, 338, 18043, 491, 518, 29874, 17097, 946, 3819, 29892, 11559, 29892, 470, 2428, 19188, 29962, 869, 869, 869, 869, 29908, 16683, 29947, 29900, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29953, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29906, 29889, 29871, 29906, 13, 29907, 549, 1253, 756, 9859, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 18425, 304, 278, 10317, 310, 16715, 313, 3970, 29931, 511, 607, 4113, 1531, 29879, 777, 29871, 29906, 29900, 3303, 3900, 5920, 11039, 630, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 1326, 12112, 29889, 2823, 29871, 29955, 29947, 17972, 29889, 2169, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29929, 29896, 29947, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 467, 450, 17719, 756, 16000, 630, 7405, 7606, 322, 2847, 594, 4900, 29899, 27774, 7606, 23134, 975, 16726, 1090, 263, 1353, 310, 1438, 1326, 12112, 29892, 3704, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 304, 360, 5607, 29915, 29879, 16117, 786, 1288, 14795, 3305, 322, 15202, 23303, 313, 3267, 15715, 467, 306, 23883, 29889, 6570, 15715, 29915, 29879, 1797, 1122, 367, 5929, 7943, 304, 385, 19185, 4307, 16833, 29892, 322, 769, 304, 360, 5607, 29915, 29879, 24510, 1230, 13957, 12590, 313, 1718, 29933, 467, 29871, 29906, 29929, 315, 15860, 16683, 30152, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29900, 29889, 29896, 29900, 29946, 304, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29900, 29889, 29896, 29896, 29900, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29896, 467, 13, 797, 3619, 411, 916, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 1326, 12112, 24555, 1133, 491, 360, 5607, 29892, 1074, 29871, 29955, 29955, 17972, 29889, 2169, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29929, 29896, 29906, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 511, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 3683, 3381, 373, 263, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 5995, 20016, 2667, 278, 946, 3819, 29915, 29879, 2186, 10608, 322, 338, 9076, 519, 297, 17097, 8973, 1090, 278, 20801, 8703, 297, 278, 24510, 1230, 1019, 26600, 3185, 29892, 29871, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29900, 29953, 29889, 960, 29892, 3138, 29892, 278, 9033, 29933, 947, 451, 2228, 263, 2186, 10608, 2629, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29900, 3841, 310, 278, 977, 292, 310, 278, 15313, 524, 29892, 322, 278, 9055, 338, 451, 2861, 304, 4319, 10847, 373, 278, 5995, 424, 29915, 29879, 760, 29892, 278, 5995, 424, 1122, 8469, 304, 17097, 6474, 8973, 363, 316, 2420, 29877, 9076, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29890, 467, 530, 19001, 12379, 737, 292, 297, 263, 8469, 292, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 23437, 304, 376, 497, 18892, 5181, 304, 1207, 278, 19001, 3353, 1699, 3704, 376, 276, 2611, 271, 882, 411, 278, 1021, 16336, 537, 4660, 393, 278, 19001, 723, 505, 750, 29892, 541, 363, 278, 2313, 5632, 3381, 1699, 1250, 10472, 411, 4066, 29892, 322, 22874, 362, 363, 11872, 335, 362, 21544, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29883, 467, 13, 29907, 549, 1253, 4464, 839, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 373, 278, 9418, 29899, 2267, 2606, 362, 25161, 310, 278, 29022, 514, 379, 29889, 14601, 319, 14641, 512, 10147, 358, 322, 23933, 3185, 363, 278, 29871, 29906, 29896, 303, 24027, 313, 29909, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 511, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29892, 263, 5645, 427, 627, 287, 1023, 2440, 8859, 29889, 2823, 317, 29889, 10088, 1696, 472, 29871, 29941, 29900, 313, 2616, 1971, 403, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 3279, 1953, 376, 11294, 518, 29909, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 29962, 3279, 1953, 408, 16467, 408, 1950, 2564, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 11039, 1078, 491, 4891, 29899, 5679, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 19185, 24555, 13561, 28648, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29890, 5033, 29906, 467, 13, 29925, 300, 654, 414, 5457, 347, 379, 359, 574, 7927, 1100, 322, 20983, 341, 29889, 796, 574, 313, 13974, 524, 28324, 29897, 16949, 14511, 630, 8469, 886, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 2750, 1009, 4642, 5703, 414, 29892, 5999, 2486, 4934, 14582, 393, 3867, 25228, 706, 322, 10643, 5786, 304, 278, 383, 10652, 537, 3942, 310, 5478, 950, 29199, 29889, 450, 383, 10652, 537, 29199, 526, 451, 13973, 304, 2845, 1206, 29936, 408, 338, 3619, 297, 278, 5478, 950, 5220, 13661, 29892, 278, 383, 10652, 537, 29199, 6053, 505, 694, 22873, 29889, 8669, 29892, 896, 8078, 411, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 763, 10049, 1237, 304, 4386, 1009, 2462, 29899, 517, 29899, 3250, 6931, 29892, 607, 3160, 3907, 13258, 358, 1602, 12112, 29892, 10223, 292, 13676, 363, 6232, 8948, 414, 29892, 322, 977, 292, 13676, 411, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 322, 24004, 11444, 313, 1660, 29907, 467, 7927, 1100, 471, 15723, 491, 383, 10652, 537, 4358, 3946, 482, 15538, 29892, 365, 12182, 29892, 263, 11684, 8819, 653, 310, 20499, 29934, 2994, 29886, 1696, 607, 471, 14792, 491, 20499, 29934, 365, 12182, 29889, 796, 574, 471, 15723, 491, 263, 1422, 20499, 29934, 365, 12182, 11684, 8819, 653, 29892, 383, 10652, 537, 15057, 669, 10550, 3189, 1696, 322, 2678, 491, 697, 310, 393, 5001, 29915, 29879, 11684, 8819, 4314, 29892, 20499, 29934, 3189, 1696, 9266, 29889, 1152, 29703, 29892, 591, 2737, 304, 10049, 1237, 6314, 3598, 408, 20499, 29934, 29889, 13, 29931 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.284538

1.054445

-0.165755

0.169241

awson worked for FMR for 14 years, eventually serving as a Senior Director of Finance. She alleges that, after she raised concerns about certain cost accounting methodologies, believing that they overstated expenses associated with operating the mutual funds, she suffered a seriesof adverse actions, ultimately amounting to constructive discharge. Zang was employed by FMR for eight years, most recently as a portfolio manager for several of the funds. He alleges that he was fired in retaliation for raising concerns about inaccuracies in a draft SEC reg-istration statement concerning certain Fidelity funds. Lawson and Zang separately filed administrative complaints alleging retaliation proscribed by §1514A. After expiration of the 180-day period specified in §1514A(b)(1), Lawson and Zang each filed suit in the U. S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts. FMR moved to dismiss the suits, arguing, as relevant, that neither plaintiff has a claim for relief under §1514A. FMR is privately held, and maintained that §1514A protects only employees of public companies—i.e., companies that either have "a class of securities registered under section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934," or that are "required to file reports under section 15(d)" of that Act. §1514A(a). 3 In a joint order, the District Court rejected FMR's interpretation of §1514A and denied the dismissal motions in both suits. 724 F. Supp. 2d 141 (Mass. 2010). On interlocutory appeal, a divided panel of the First Circuit reversed. 670 F. 3d 61 (2012). The Court of Appeals majority acknowledged that FMR is a "contractor" 4 within the meaning of §1514A(a), and thus among the actors prohibited from retaliating against "an employee" who engages in protected activity. The majority agreed with FMR, however, that "an employee" refers only to employees of public companies and does not cover a contractor's own employees. Id., at 68–80. Judge Thompson dissented. In her view, the majority had "impose[d] an unwarranted restriction on the intentionally broad language of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act" and "bar[red] a significant class of potential securities-fraud whistleblowers from any legal protection." Id., at 83. Several months later, the ARB issued a decision in an unrelated case, Spinner v. David Landau & Assoc., LLC, No. 10–111 etc., ALJ No. 2010–SOX–029 (May 31, 2012), 5 disagreeing with the Court of Appeals' interpretation of §1514A. In a comprehensive opinion, the ARB explained its position that §1514A affords whistleblower protection to employees of privately held contractors that render services to public companies. Ibid. 6 We granted certiorari, 569 U. S. ___ (2013), to resolve the division of opinion on whether §1514A extends whistleblower protection to employees of privately held contractors who perform work for public companies. In determining the meaning of a statutory provision, "we look first to its language, giving the words used their ordinary meaning." Moskal v. United States, 498 U. S. 103, 108 (1990) (citation and internal quotation marks omitted). As Judge Thompson observed in her dissent from the Court of Appeals' judgment, "boiling [§1514A(a)] down to its relevant syntactic elements, it provides that 'no . . . contractor . . . may discharge . . . an employee.' " 670 F. 3d, at 84 (quoting §1514A(a)). The ordinary meaning of "an employee" in this proscription is the contractor's own employee. FMR's interpretation of the text requires insertion of"of a public company" after "an employee." But where Con-gress meant "an employee of a public company," it said so: With respect to the actors

[ 1450, 1100, 3796, 363, 20499, 29934, 363, 29871, 29896, 29946, 2440, 29892, 10201, 16330, 408, 263, 24260, 15944, 310, 4231, 749, 29889, 2296, 16831, 267, 393, 29892, 1156, 1183, 10425, 21838, 1048, 3058, 3438, 3633, 292, 1158, 11763, 29892, 1339, 15387, 393, 896, 975, 303, 630, 1518, 11259, 6942, 411, 13598, 278, 5478, 950, 29199, 29892, 1183, 17654, 263, 3652, 974, 594, 3901, 8820, 29892, 18973, 5253, 292, 304, 3386, 573, 766, 23367, 29889, 796, 574, 471, 15723, 491, 20499, 29934, 363, 9475, 2440, 29892, 1556, 10325, 408, 263, 2011, 25648, 8455, 363, 3196, 310, 278, 29199, 29889, 940, 16831, 267, 393, 540, 471, 17285, 297, 3240, 2606, 362, 363, 29263, 21838, 1048, 297, 5753, 2002, 2478, 297, 263, 18195, 3725, 29907, 1072, 29899, 8306, 3229, 19813, 3058, 383, 10652, 537, 29199, 29889, 7927, 1100, 322, 796, 574, 16949, 934, 29881, 19185, 15313, 9466, 16831, 292, 3240, 2606, 362, 410, 7588, 2580, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 2860, 1518, 12232, 310, 278, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29900, 29899, 3250, 3785, 6790, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29890, 5033, 29896, 511, 7927, 1100, 322, 796, 574, 1269, 934, 29881, 14726, 297, 278, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 7457, 9245, 363, 278, 7457, 310, 16167, 29889, 13, 29943, 21055, 6153, 304, 18918, 278, 480, 1169, 29892, 1852, 26420, 29892, 408, 8018, 29892, 393, 9561, 2174, 524, 2593, 756, 263, 5995, 363, 18892, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 20499, 29934, 338, 5999, 2486, 4934, 29892, 322, 19949, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 12566, 29879, 871, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 30003, 29875, 29889, 29872, 1696, 14582, 393, 2845, 505, 376, 29874, 770, 310, 409, 2764, 1907, 15443, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29906, 310, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 24004, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 1699, 470, 393, 526, 376, 12403, 304, 934, 13676, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 5513, 310, 393, 3185, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 467, 29871, 29941, 512, 263, 14002, 1797, 29892, 278, 7457, 9245, 22225, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 19854, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 322, 17935, 278, 18918, 284, 3184, 1080, 297, 1716, 480, 1169, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29906, 29946, 383, 29889, 9179, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29881, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29896, 313, 29924, 465, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 467, 13, 2951, 1006, 2029, 329, 706, 25530, 29892, 263, 13931, 9451, 310, 278, 3824, 12594, 3121, 18764, 287, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29955, 29900, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29871, 29953, 29896, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 467, 450, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 13638, 24084, 3192, 393, 20499, 29934, 338, 263, 376, 1285, 28891, 29908, 29871, 29946, 2629, 278, 6593, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 511, 322, 4550, 4249, 278, 29701, 21460, 1573, 515, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 1058, 3033, 1179, 297, 6364, 6354, 29889, 450, 13638, 15502, 411, 20499, 29934, 29892, 3138, 29892, 393, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 14637, 871, 304, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 322, 947, 451, 4612, 263, 8078, 272, 29915, 29879, 1914, 22873, 29889, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29953, 29947, 29994, 29947, 29900, 29889, 26817, 22348, 16317, 14927, 29889, 512, 902, 1776, 29892, 278, 13638, 750, 376, 326, 4220, 29961, 29881, 29962, 385, 18500, 2749, 9714, 24345, 373, 278, 16392, 635, 7300, 4086, 310, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 29908, 322, 376, 1646, 29961, 1127, 29962, 263, 7282, 770, 310, 7037, 409, 2764, 1907, 29899, 20910, 566, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 414, 515, 738, 11706, 13047, 1213, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29947, 29941, 29889, 13, 29903, 1310, 284, 7378, 2678, 29892, 278, 9033, 29933, 16610, 263, 10608, 297, 385, 443, 12817, 1206, 29892, 1706, 3993, 325, 29889, 4699, 3172, 585, 669, 4007, 542, 1696, 365, 12182, 29892, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29994, 29896, 29896, 29896, 2992, 1696, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29929, 313, 12703, 29871, 29941, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 511, 29871, 29945, 22941, 929, 292, 411, 278, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 29915, 19854, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 512, 263, 15171, 6270, 9426, 29892, 278, 9033, 29933, 10824, 967, 2602, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 2756, 4339, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 304, 22873, 310, 5999, 2486, 4934, 8078, 943, 393, 4050, 5786, 304, 970, 14582, 29889, 306, 23883, 29889, 29871, 29953, 13, 4806, 16896, 2284, 1611, 1306, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29953, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 903, 1649, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 511, 304, 8814, 278, 8542, 310, 9426, 373, 3692, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 4988, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 304, 22873, 310, 5999, 2486, 4934, 8078, 943, 1058, 2189, 664, 363, 970, 14582, 29889, 13, 797, 3683, 2827, 278, 6593, 310, 263, 1002, 329, 706, 25161, 29892, 376, 705, 1106, 937, 304, 967, 4086, 29892, 6820, 278, 3838, 1304, 1009, 15311, 6593, 1213, 6630, 11311, 325, 29889, 3303, 3900, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29929, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29947, 313, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29900, 29897, 313, 29883, 7018, 322, 7463, 13911, 362, 17997, 25811, 467, 1094, 26817, 22348, 8900, 297, 902, 16317, 296, 515, 278, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 29915, 24284, 29892, 376, 833, 6504, 518, 30152, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 4638, 1623, 304, 967, 8018, 269, 3903, 17911, 3161, 29892, 372, 8128, 393, 525, 1217, 869, 869, 869, 8078, 272, 869, 869, 869, 1122, 766, 23367, 869, 869, 869, 385, 19001, 6169, 376, 29871, 29953, 29955, 29900, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29892, 472, 29871, 29947, 29946, 313, 339, 11427, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 8106, 450, 15311, 6593, 310, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 297, 445, 10791, 3395, 338, 278, 8078, 272, 29915, 29879, 1914, 19001, 29889, 13, 29943, 21055, 29915, 29879, 19854, 310, 278, 1426, 6858, 4635, 291, 310, 29908, 974, 263, 970, 5001, 29908, 1156, 376, 273, 19001, 1213, 1205, 988, 1281, 29899, 3663, 6839, 376, 273, 19001, 310, 263, 970, 5001, 1699, 372, 1497, 577, 29901, 2973, 3390, 304, 278, 29701 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.069211

1.194606

-0.085957

0.142678

governed by §1514A, the provision's interdictions run to the officers, employees, contractors, subcontractors, and agents "of such company," i.e., a public company. §1514A(a). Another anti-retaliation pro-vision in Sarbanes-Oxley provides: "[A] broker or dealer and persons employed by a broker or dealer who areinvolved with investment banking activities may not, directly or indirectly, retaliate against or threaten to retaliate against any securities analyst employed by that broker or dealer or its affiliates . . . ." 15 U. S. C. §78 o–6(a)(1)(C) (emphasis added). In contrast, nothing in §1514A's language confines the class of employees protected to those of a designated employer. Absent any textual qualification, we presume the operative language means what it appears to mean: A contractor may not retaliate against its own employee for engaging in protected whistle-blowing activity. 7 Section 1514A's application to contractor employeesis confirmed when we enlarge our view from the term"an employee" to the provision as a whole. The prohib-ited retaliatory measures enumerated in §1514A(a)—discharge, demotion, suspension, threats, harassment, or dis-crimination in the terms and conditions of employment—are commonly actions an employer takes against itsown employees. Contractors are not ordinarily posi-tioned to take adverse actions against employees of the public company with whom they contract. FMR's interpretation of §1514A, therefore, would shrink to insignificance the provision's ban on retaliation by contractors. The dissent embraces FMR's "narrower" construction. See post, at 2, 3, 4, 7. FMR urges that Congress included contractors in §1514A's list of governed actors simply to prevent public companies from avoiding liability by employing contractors to effectuate retaliatory discharges. FMR describes such a contractor as an "ax-wielding specialist," illustrated by George Clooney's character in the movie Up in the Air. 8 Brief for Respondents 24–25 (internal quotation marks omitted). As portrayed by Clooney, an ax-wielding specialist is a contractor engaged only as the bearer of the bad news that the employee has been fired; he plays no role in deciding who to terminate. If the company employing the ax-wielder chose the recipients of the bad tidings for retaliatory reasons, the §1514A claim would properly be directed at the company. Hiring the ax-wielder would not insulate the company from liability. Moreover, we see no indication that retaliatory ax-wielding specialists are the real-world problem that prompted Congress to add contractors to §1514A. 9 Moving further through §1514A to the protected activity described in subsection (a)(1), we find further reason to believe that Congress presumed an employer-employee relationship between the retaliator and the whistleblower. Employees gain protection for furnishing information to a federal agency, Congress, or "a person with supervisory authority over the employee (or such other person working for the employer who has the authority to investigate, discover, or terminate misconduct)." §1514A(a)(1) (emphasis added). And under §1514A(a)(2), employees are protected from retaliation for assisting "in a proceeding filed or about to be filed (with any knowledge of the employer) relating to an alleged violation" of any of the enumerated fraud provisions, securities regulations, or other federal law relating to shareholder fraud. §1514A(a)(2) (emphasis added). The reference to employer knowledge is an additional indicator of Congress' expectation that the retaliator typically will be the employee's employer, not another entity less likely to know of whistleblower complaints filed or about to be filed. Section 1514A's enforcement procedures and remedies similarly contemplate that the whistleblower is an employee of the retaliator. As earlier noted, see supra,

[ 4095, 287, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 1006, 8977, 1080, 1065, 304, 278, 13049, 29892, 22873, 29892, 8078, 943, 29892, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29892, 322, 19518, 376, 974, 1316, 5001, 1699, 474, 29889, 29872, 1696, 263, 970, 5001, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 467, 7280, 9418, 29899, 2267, 2606, 362, 410, 29899, 4924, 297, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 8128, 29901, 14704, 29909, 29962, 2545, 3946, 470, 5376, 261, 322, 12407, 15723, 491, 263, 2545, 3946, 470, 5376, 261, 1058, 526, 262, 1555, 1490, 411, 13258, 358, 9124, 292, 14188, 1122, 451, 29892, 4153, 470, 26377, 368, 29892, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 470, 20616, 304, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 738, 409, 2764, 1907, 3483, 858, 15723, 491, 393, 2545, 3946, 470, 5376, 261, 470, 967, 23736, 1078, 869, 869, 869, 869, 29908, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29947, 288, 29994, 29953, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29896, 5033, 29907, 29897, 313, 7278, 25101, 2715, 467, 512, 12814, 29892, 3078, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 4086, 1970, 1475, 278, 770, 310, 22873, 6364, 304, 1906, 310, 263, 25373, 5703, 261, 29889, 1976, 18616, 738, 1426, 950, 4021, 2450, 29892, 591, 2225, 2017, 278, 1751, 1230, 4086, 2794, 825, 372, 5692, 304, 2099, 29901, 319, 8078, 272, 1122, 451, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 967, 1914, 19001, 363, 3033, 6751, 297, 6364, 377, 391, 280, 29899, 29890, 677, 292, 6354, 29889, 29871, 29955, 13, 13438, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 2280, 304, 8078, 272, 5703, 29872, 6656, 16725, 746, 591, 427, 16961, 1749, 1776, 515, 278, 1840, 29908, 273, 19001, 29908, 304, 278, 25161, 408, 263, 3353, 29889, 450, 21460, 29899, 1573, 3240, 2606, 7606, 15366, 22447, 630, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 30003, 29881, 783, 279, 479, 29892, 1261, 8194, 29892, 8872, 2673, 29892, 12455, 1446, 29892, 4023, 465, 358, 29892, 470, 766, 29899, 29883, 5632, 3381, 297, 278, 4958, 322, 5855, 310, 5703, 358, 30003, 598, 15574, 8820, 385, 5703, 261, 4893, 2750, 967, 776, 22873, 29889, 2866, 1461, 943, 526, 451, 22420, 6275, 926, 29875, 29899, 12757, 287, 304, 2125, 594, 3901, 8820, 2750, 22873, 310, 278, 970, 5001, 411, 6029, 896, 8078, 29889, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 19854, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 5480, 29892, 723, 14653, 682, 304, 1663, 647, 928, 749, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 9892, 373, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 8078, 943, 29889, 450, 16317, 296, 953, 2634, 778, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 376, 24156, 307, 556, 29908, 7632, 29889, 2823, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29955, 29889, 13, 29943, 21055, 5065, 2710, 393, 11559, 5134, 8078, 943, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 1051, 310, 4095, 287, 29701, 3763, 304, 5557, 970, 14582, 515, 4772, 292, 619, 3097, 491, 5703, 292, 8078, 943, 304, 2779, 27240, 3240, 2606, 7606, 766, 25389, 267, 29889, 20499, 29934, 16612, 1316, 263, 8078, 272, 408, 385, 376, 1165, 29899, 29893, 969, 292, 4266, 391, 1699, 26848, 491, 5122, 27397, 4992, 29915, 29879, 2931, 297, 278, 14064, 5020, 297, 278, 5593, 29889, 29871, 29947, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29906, 29946, 29994, 29906, 29945, 313, 7564, 13911, 362, 17997, 25811, 467, 1094, 2011, 25724, 491, 27397, 4992, 29892, 385, 4853, 29899, 29893, 969, 292, 4266, 391, 338, 263, 8078, 272, 17785, 871, 408, 278, 11460, 261, 310, 278, 4319, 9763, 393, 278, 19001, 756, 1063, 17285, 29936, 540, 13582, 694, 6297, 297, 1602, 4821, 1058, 304, 29504, 29889, 960, 278, 5001, 5703, 292, 278, 4853, 29899, 29893, 709, 672, 12784, 278, 23957, 10070, 310, 278, 4319, 10668, 886, 363, 3240, 2606, 7606, 9590, 29892, 278, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 5995, 723, 6284, 367, 10624, 472, 278, 5001, 29889, 379, 8491, 278, 4853, 29899, 29893, 709, 672, 723, 451, 1663, 5987, 278, 5001, 515, 619, 3097, 29889, 12808, 29892, 591, 1074, 694, 4221, 362, 393, 3240, 2606, 7606, 4853, 29899, 29893, 969, 292, 4266, 2879, 526, 278, 1855, 29899, 11526, 1108, 393, 9508, 287, 11559, 304, 788, 8078, 943, 304, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 29871, 29929, 13, 29924, 21081, 4340, 1549, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 278, 6364, 6354, 5439, 297, 1014, 2042, 313, 29874, 5033, 29896, 511, 591, 1284, 4340, 2769, 304, 4658, 393, 11559, 2225, 21571, 385, 5703, 261, 29899, 26143, 9443, 1546, 278, 3240, 2606, 1061, 322, 278, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 29889, 7361, 2376, 12712, 11581, 13047, 363, 15252, 14424, 2472, 304, 263, 17097, 946, 3819, 29892, 11559, 29892, 470, 376, 29874, 2022, 411, 2428, 1730, 706, 14329, 975, 278, 19001, 313, 272, 1316, 916, 2022, 1985, 363, 278, 5703, 261, 1058, 756, 278, 14329, 304, 23033, 29892, 6523, 29892, 470, 29504, 3984, 535, 2199, 467, 29908, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29896, 29897, 313, 7278, 25101, 2715, 467, 1126, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29906, 511, 22873, 526, 6364, 515, 3240, 2606, 362, 363, 6985, 292, 376, 262, 263, 8469, 292, 934, 29881, 470, 1048, 304, 367, 934, 29881, 313, 2541, 738, 7134, 310, 278, 5703, 261, 29897, 1104, 1218, 304, 385, 16831, 287, 5537, 362, 29908, 310, 738, 310, 278, 22447, 630, 5227, 566, 1326, 12112, 29892, 409, 2764, 1907, 1072, 8250, 29892, 470, 916, 17097, 4307, 1104, 1218, 304, 6232, 7694, 5227, 566, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29906, 29897, 313, 7278, 25101, 2715, 467, 450, 3407, 304, 5703, 261, 7134, 338, 385, 5684, 27717, 310, 11559, 29915, 23227, 393, 278, 3240, 2606, 1061, 12234, 674, 367, 278, 19001, 29915, 29879, 5703, 261, 29892, 451, 1790, 7855, 3109, 5517, 304, 1073, 310, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 15313, 9466, 934, 29881, 470, 1048, 304, 367, 934, 29881, 29889, 13, 13438, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 24555, 13561, 28648, 322, 1083, 287, 583, 22829, 640, 331, 2341, 393, 278, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 338, 385, 19001, 310, 278, 3240, 2606, 1061, 29889, 1094, 8859, 11682, 29892, 1074, 13159, 336, 29892 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.12559

1.158268

-0.342388

0.02631

at 6, §1514A(b)(2)(A) provides that a claim under §1514A "shall be governed under the rules and procedures set forth in section 42121(b) of title 49," i.e., AIR 21's anti-retaliation provision. Throughout §42121(b), the respondent is referred to as "the employer." See 49 U. S. C. §42121(b)(2)(B)(ii) (The Secretary shall not conduct an investigation into a retaliation claim "if the employer demonstrates,by clear and convincing evidence, that the employer would have taken the same unfavorable personnel action inthe absence of that behavior."); §42121(b)(2)(B)(iv)("Relief may not be ordered . . . if the employer demonstrates by clear and convincing evidence that the employer would have taken the same unfavorable personnel action in the absence of that behavior."). Regarding remedies, §1514A(c)(2) states that a successful claimant shall be entitled to "reinstatement with the same seniority status that the employee would have had, but for the discrimination," as well as "the amount of back pay, with interest." As the Solicitor General, for the United States as amicus curiae, observed, "It is difficult, if not impossible, to see how a contractor or subcontractor could provide those remedies to an employee of a public company." Brief for United States as Amicus Curiae 15. The most sensible reading of §1514A's numerous references to an employer-employee relationship between the respondent and the claimant is that the provision's protections run between contractors and their own employees. Remarkably, the dissent attributes to Congress a strange design. Under the dissent's "narrower" construction, post, at 2, 3, 4, 7, a public company's contractor may not retaliate against a public company's employees, academic here because the public company has no employees. According to the dissent, this coverage is necessary to prevent "a gaping hole" that would allow public companies to "evade §1514A simply by hiring a contractor to engage in the very retaliatory acts that an officer or employee could not." Post, at 10. This cannot be right—even if Congress had omitted any reference to contractors, subcontractors, or agents in §1514A, the remaining language surely would prohibit a public company from directing someone else to engage in retaliatory conduct against the public company's employees; hiring an ax-wielder to announce an employee's demotion does not change the fact that the public company is the entity commanding the demotion. Under the dissent's reading of §1514A, the inclusion of contractors as covered employers does no more than make the contractor secondarily liable for complying with such marching orders—hardly a hole at all. 10 There would be a huge hole, on the other hand, were the dissent's view of §1514A's reach to prevail: Contractors' employees would be disarmed; they would be vulnerableto retaliation by their employers for blowing the whistleon a scheme to defraud the public company's investors, even a scheme engineered entirely by the contractor. Not only would mutual fund advisers and managers escape §1514A's control. Legions of accountants and lawyers would be denied §1514A's protections. See infra, at 19–22. Instead of indulging in fanciful visions of whistleblowing babysitters and the like, post, at 1–2, 6, 12–13, 20, the dissent might pause to consider whether a Congress, prompted by the Enron debacle, would exclude from whistleblower protection countless professionals equipped to bring fraud on investors to a halt. We turn next to two textual arguments made by FMR. First, FMR urges that "an employee" must be read to refer exclusively to public company employees to avoid the absurd result of extending protection to the personal employees of company officers and employees, e.g., their housekeepers or gardeners. See Brief for Respondents 19–20;

[ 472, 29871, 29953, 29892, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29890, 5033, 29906, 5033, 29909, 29897, 8128, 393, 263, 5995, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 376, 845, 497, 367, 4095, 287, 1090, 278, 6865, 322, 28648, 731, 11483, 297, 4004, 29871, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29890, 29897, 310, 3611, 29871, 29946, 29929, 1699, 474, 29889, 29872, 1696, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 9418, 29899, 2267, 2606, 362, 25161, 29889, 17044, 449, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29890, 511, 278, 10049, 296, 338, 12992, 304, 408, 376, 1552, 5703, 261, 1213, 2823, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29890, 5033, 29906, 5033, 29933, 5033, 2236, 29897, 313, 1576, 17719, 4091, 451, 7512, 385, 22522, 964, 263, 3240, 2606, 362, 5995, 376, 361, 278, 5703, 261, 9004, 1078, 29892, 1609, 2821, 322, 17953, 3277, 10757, 29892, 393, 278, 5703, 261, 723, 505, 4586, 278, 1021, 29395, 17118, 519, 24127, 3158, 938, 354, 18070, 310, 393, 6030, 18327, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29890, 5033, 29906, 5033, 29933, 5033, 440, 29897, 703, 9662, 2575, 1122, 451, 367, 10372, 869, 869, 869, 565, 278, 5703, 261, 9004, 1078, 491, 2821, 322, 17953, 3277, 10757, 393, 278, 5703, 261, 723, 505, 4586, 278, 1021, 29395, 17118, 519, 24127, 3158, 297, 278, 18070, 310, 393, 6030, 1213, 467, 13, 4597, 20272, 1083, 287, 583, 29892, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29883, 5033, 29906, 29897, 5922, 393, 263, 9150, 5995, 424, 4091, 367, 23437, 304, 376, 276, 2611, 271, 882, 411, 278, 1021, 16336, 537, 4660, 393, 278, 19001, 723, 505, 750, 29892, 541, 363, 278, 2313, 5632, 3381, 1699, 408, 1532, 408, 376, 1552, 5253, 310, 1250, 5146, 29892, 411, 4066, 1213, 1094, 278, 4956, 293, 2105, 4593, 29892, 363, 278, 3303, 3900, 408, 626, 12473, 3151, 23395, 29892, 8900, 29892, 376, 3112, 338, 5189, 29892, 565, 451, 9301, 29892, 304, 1074, 920, 263, 8078, 272, 470, 1014, 1285, 28891, 1033, 3867, 1906, 1083, 287, 583, 304, 385, 19001, 310, 263, 970, 5001, 1213, 1771, 2575, 363, 3303, 3900, 408, 1913, 12473, 10837, 23395, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29889, 450, 1556, 25182, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 12727, 9282, 304, 385, 5703, 261, 29899, 26143, 9443, 1546, 278, 10049, 296, 322, 278, 5995, 424, 338, 393, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 3279, 1953, 1065, 1546, 8078, 943, 322, 1009, 1914, 22873, 29889, 13, 7301, 935, 2197, 29892, 278, 16317, 296, 8393, 304, 11559, 263, 8515, 2874, 29889, 7634, 278, 16317, 296, 29915, 29879, 376, 24156, 307, 556, 29908, 7632, 29892, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29955, 29892, 263, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 8078, 272, 1122, 451, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 263, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 22873, 29892, 21567, 1244, 1363, 278, 970, 5001, 756, 694, 22873, 29889, 7579, 304, 278, 16317, 296, 29892, 445, 23746, 338, 5181, 304, 5557, 376, 29874, 17261, 292, 16188, 29908, 393, 723, 2758, 970, 14582, 304, 376, 29872, 1564, 311, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 3763, 491, 298, 8491, 263, 8078, 272, 304, 3033, 482, 297, 278, 1407, 3240, 2606, 7606, 14741, 393, 385, 12139, 470, 19001, 1033, 451, 1213, 4918, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 910, 2609, 367, 1492, 30003, 11884, 565, 11559, 750, 25811, 738, 3407, 304, 8078, 943, 29892, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29892, 470, 19518, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 278, 9886, 4086, 18880, 723, 21460, 277, 263, 970, 5001, 515, 1513, 292, 4856, 1683, 304, 3033, 482, 297, 3240, 2606, 7606, 7512, 2750, 278, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 22873, 29936, 298, 8491, 385, 4853, 29899, 29893, 709, 672, 304, 7475, 346, 385, 19001, 29915, 29879, 1261, 8194, 947, 451, 1735, 278, 2114, 393, 278, 970, 5001, 338, 278, 7855, 1899, 292, 278, 1261, 8194, 29889, 7634, 278, 16317, 296, 29915, 29879, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 278, 28694, 310, 8078, 943, 408, 10664, 5703, 414, 947, 694, 901, 1135, 1207, 278, 8078, 272, 1473, 6275, 619, 519, 363, 752, 5890, 411, 1316, 8575, 292, 11299, 30003, 6800, 368, 263, 16188, 472, 599, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 13, 8439, 723, 367, 263, 12176, 16188, 29892, 373, 278, 916, 1361, 29892, 892, 278, 16317, 296, 29915, 29879, 1776, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 6159, 304, 12379, 737, 29901, 2866, 1461, 943, 29915, 22873, 723, 367, 766, 279, 2168, 29936, 896, 723, 367, 23180, 519, 517, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 1009, 5703, 414, 363, 13031, 292, 278, 377, 391, 280, 265, 263, 11380, 304, 822, 336, 566, 278, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 13258, 943, 29892, 1584, 263, 11380, 6012, 14561, 9186, 491, 278, 8078, 272, 29889, 2216, 871, 723, 5478, 950, 5220, 25228, 414, 322, 767, 18150, 10169, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 2761, 29889, 5682, 1080, 310, 3633, 1934, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 723, 367, 17935, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 3279, 1953, 29889, 2823, 3041, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29994, 29906, 29906, 29889, 8669, 310, 29156, 3460, 297, 285, 4564, 6845, 1998, 1080, 310, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 289, 370, 952, 277, 2153, 322, 278, 763, 29892, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29994, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29994, 29896, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29892, 278, 16317, 296, 1795, 19957, 304, 2050, 3692, 263, 11559, 29892, 9508, 287, 491, 278, 1174, 1617, 2553, 6436, 29892, 723, 19060, 515, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 2302, 2222, 6351, 1338, 1592, 16242, 304, 6963, 5227, 566, 373, 13258, 943, 304, 263, 25212, 29889, 13, 4806, 2507, 2446, 304, 1023, 1426, 950, 6273, 1754, 491, 20499, 29934, 29889, 3824, 29892, 20499, 29934, 5065, 2710, 393, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 1818, 367, 1303, 304, 2737, 13489, 3598, 304, 970, 5001, 22873, 304, 4772, 278, 6425, 18245, 1121, 310, 23771, 13047, 304, 278, 7333, 22873, 310, 5001, 13049, 322, 22873, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 1009, 3699, 17462, 414, 470, 16423, 414, 29889, 2823, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29994, 29906, 29900, 29936 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.22748

1.44378

-0.479457

-0.019226

post, at 1–2, 6, 12–13, 20. Plaintiffs and the Solicitor General do not defend §1514A's application to personal employees. They argue, instead, that the prohibition against an "officer" or "employee" retaliating against "an employee" may be read as imposing personal liability only on officers and employees who retaliate against other public company employees. Brief for Petitioners 12; Brief for United States as Amicus Curiae 16. 11 FMR calls this reading "bizarre," for it would ascribe to the words "an employee" in §1514A(a) "one meaning if the respondent is an 'officer' and a different meaning if the respondent is a 'contractor.' " Brief for Respondents 20–21. We agree with FMR that plaintiffs and the Solicitor General offer an interpretation at odds with the text Congress enacted. If, as we hold, "an employee" includes employees of contractors, then grammatically, the term also includes employees of public company officers and employees. Nothing suggests Congress' attention was drawn to the curiosity its drafting produced. The issue, however, is likely more theoretical than real. Few housekeepers or gardeners, we suspect, are likely to come upon and comprehend evidence of their employer's complicity in fraud. In any event, FMR's point is outweighed by the compelling arguments opposing FMR's contention that "an employee" refers simply and only to public company employees. See supra, at 9–14. See also infra, at 23–24 (limiting principles may serve as check against overbroad applications). Second, FMR argues that the statutory headings support the exclusion of contractor employees from §1514A's protections. Although §1514A's own heading is broad ("Civil action to protect against retaliation in fraud cases"), subsection (a) is captioned "Whistleblower Protection for Employees of Publicly Traded Companies." Similarly, the relevant public law section, §806 of Sarbanes-Oxley, is captioned "Protection for Employees of Publicly Traded Companies Who Provide Evidence of Fraud." 116 Stat. 802. The Court of Appeals described the latter two headings as "explicit guides" limiting protection under §1514A to employees of public companies. 670 F. 3d, at 69. This Court has placed less weight on captions. In Trainmen v. Baltimore & Ohio R. Co., 331 U. S. 519 (1947) , we explained that where, as here, "the [statutory] text is complicated and prolific, headings and titles can do no more than indicate the provisions in a most general manner." Id., at 528. The under-inclusiveness of the two headings relied on by the Court of Appeals is apparent. The provision indisputably extends protection to employees of companies that file reports with the SEC pursuant to §15(d) of the 1934 Act, even when such companies are not "publicly traded." And the activity protected under §1514A is not limited to "provid[ing] evidence of fraud"; it also includes reporting violations of SEC rules or regulations. §1514A(a)(1). As in Trainmen, the headings here are "but a short-hand reference to the general subject matter" of the provision, "not meant to take the place of the detailed provisions of the text." 331 U. S., at 528. Section 1514A is attended by numerous indicators that the statute's prohibitions govern the relationship between a contractor and its own employees; we do not read the headings to "undo or limit" those signals. Id., at 529. 12 Our textual analysis of §1514A fits the provision's purpose. It is common ground that Congress installed whistleblower protection in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act as one means to ward off another Enron debacle. S. Rep., at 2–11. And, as the ARB observed in Spinner, "Congress plainly recognized that outside professionals—

[ 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29994, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29994, 29896, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29889, 13494, 524, 28324, 322, 278, 4956, 293, 2105, 4593, 437, 451, 24663, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 2280, 304, 7333, 22873, 29889, 2688, 27754, 29892, 2012, 29892, 393, 278, 21460, 654, 2750, 385, 376, 29877, 2416, 261, 29908, 470, 376, 26143, 29908, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 1122, 367, 1303, 408, 7275, 292, 7333, 619, 3097, 871, 373, 13049, 322, 22873, 1058, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 916, 970, 5001, 22873, 29889, 1771, 2575, 363, 5879, 654, 414, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29936, 1771, 2575, 363, 3303, 3900, 408, 1913, 12473, 10837, 23395, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29896, 20499, 29934, 5717, 445, 5183, 376, 29890, 15356, 276, 1699, 363, 372, 723, 408, 29581, 304, 278, 3838, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 376, 650, 6593, 565, 278, 10049, 296, 338, 385, 525, 29877, 2416, 261, 29915, 322, 263, 1422, 6593, 565, 278, 10049, 296, 338, 263, 525, 1285, 28891, 6169, 376, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29994, 29906, 29896, 29889, 13, 4806, 8661, 411, 20499, 29934, 393, 2174, 524, 28324, 322, 278, 4956, 293, 2105, 4593, 5957, 385, 19854, 472, 7736, 29879, 411, 278, 1426, 11559, 427, 627, 287, 29889, 960, 29892, 408, 591, 4808, 29892, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 7805, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 29892, 769, 14961, 20300, 29892, 278, 1840, 884, 7805, 22873, 310, 970, 5001, 13049, 322, 22873, 29889, 9531, 14661, 11559, 29915, 8570, 471, 12061, 304, 278, 27742, 967, 18195, 292, 7371, 29889, 450, 2228, 29892, 3138, 29892, 338, 5517, 901, 23399, 1135, 1855, 29889, 383, 809, 3699, 17462, 414, 470, 16423, 414, 29892, 591, 12326, 29892, 526, 5517, 304, 2041, 2501, 322, 15171, 355, 10757, 310, 1009, 5703, 261, 29915, 29879, 752, 17024, 297, 5227, 566, 29889, 512, 738, 1741, 29892, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 1298, 338, 714, 705, 25398, 491, 278, 752, 7807, 6273, 9209, 292, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 640, 2509, 393, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 14637, 3763, 322, 871, 304, 970, 5001, 22873, 29889, 2823, 13159, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29929, 29994, 29896, 29946, 29889, 2823, 884, 3041, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29941, 29994, 29906, 29946, 313, 2576, 11407, 18671, 1122, 9080, 408, 1423, 2750, 975, 6729, 328, 8324, 467, 13, 11863, 29892, 20499, 29934, 1852, 1041, 393, 278, 1002, 329, 706, 2343, 886, 2304, 278, 429, 10085, 310, 8078, 272, 22873, 515, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 3279, 1953, 29889, 8512, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 1914, 28435, 338, 7300, 4852, 29907, 5341, 3158, 304, 12566, 2750, 3240, 2606, 362, 297, 5227, 566, 4251, 4968, 1014, 2042, 313, 29874, 29897, 338, 5777, 683, 287, 376, 8809, 391, 19982, 13609, 14409, 428, 363, 7361, 2376, 12712, 310, 5236, 368, 1605, 11932, 3831, 273, 583, 1213, 20175, 29892, 278, 8018, 970, 4307, 4004, 29892, 16683, 29947, 29900, 29953, 310, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 29892, 338, 5777, 683, 287, 376, 1184, 371, 428, 363, 7361, 2376, 12712, 310, 5236, 368, 1605, 11932, 3831, 273, 583, 11644, 9133, 680, 7298, 5084, 310, 7347, 566, 1213, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29953, 6666, 29889, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29906, 29889, 450, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 5439, 278, 7480, 1023, 2343, 886, 408, 376, 4548, 4019, 1410, 2247, 29908, 4046, 292, 13047, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29955, 29900, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29892, 472, 29871, 29953, 29929, 29889, 13, 4013, 9245, 756, 7180, 3109, 7688, 373, 5777, 1980, 29889, 512, 28186, 1527, 325, 29889, 26767, 669, 15821, 390, 29889, 3189, 1696, 29871, 29941, 29941, 29896, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29945, 29896, 29929, 313, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29955, 29897, 1919, 591, 10824, 393, 988, 29892, 408, 1244, 29892, 376, 1552, 518, 6112, 329, 706, 29962, 1426, 338, 12092, 322, 410, 29880, 928, 29892, 2343, 886, 322, 17735, 508, 437, 694, 901, 1135, 12266, 278, 1326, 12112, 297, 263, 1556, 2498, 8214, 1213, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29945, 29906, 29947, 29889, 450, 1090, 29899, 262, 7009, 20193, 310, 278, 1023, 2343, 886, 337, 2957, 373, 491, 278, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 338, 20295, 29889, 450, 25161, 1399, 275, 649, 2197, 4988, 13047, 304, 22873, 310, 14582, 393, 934, 13676, 411, 278, 3725, 29907, 12359, 29884, 424, 304, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 310, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 3185, 29892, 1584, 746, 1316, 14582, 526, 451, 376, 3597, 368, 3534, 287, 1213, 1126, 278, 6354, 6364, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 451, 9078, 304, 376, 771, 8590, 29961, 292, 29962, 10757, 310, 5227, 566, 1769, 372, 884, 7805, 23415, 5537, 800, 310, 3725, 29907, 6865, 470, 1072, 8250, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29896, 467, 1094, 297, 28186, 1527, 29892, 278, 2343, 886, 1244, 526, 376, 4187, 263, 3273, 29899, 3179, 3407, 304, 278, 2498, 4967, 4383, 29908, 310, 278, 25161, 29892, 376, 1333, 6839, 304, 2125, 278, 2058, 310, 278, 13173, 1326, 12112, 310, 278, 1426, 1213, 29871, 29941, 29941, 29896, 501, 29889, 317, 1696, 472, 29871, 29945, 29906, 29947, 29889, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 14283, 491, 12727, 4221, 4097, 393, 278, 1002, 1082, 29915, 29879, 21460, 2187, 4095, 278, 9443, 1546, 263, 8078, 272, 322, 967, 1914, 22873, 29936, 591, 437, 451, 1303, 278, 2343, 886, 304, 376, 6201, 470, 4046, 29908, 1906, 18470, 29889, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29945, 29906, 29929, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29906, 13, 29949, 332, 1426, 950, 7418, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 23994, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 6437, 29889, 739, 338, 3619, 5962, 393, 11559, 5130, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 297, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 408, 697, 2794, 304, 281, 538, 1283, 1790, 1174, 1617, 2553, 6436, 29889, 317, 29889, 10088, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29994, 29896, 29896, 29889, 1126, 29892, 408, 278, 9033, 29933, 8900, 297, 1706, 3993, 29892, 376, 29907, 549, 1253, 8656, 368, 14831, 393, 5377, 6351, 1338, 30003 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.041934

1.256899

-0.128994

0.296993

ac-countants, law firms, contractors, agents, and the like—were complicit in, if not integral to, the shareholder fraud and subsequent cover-up [Enron] officers . . . perpetrated." ALJ No. 2010–SOX–029, pp. 12–13. Indeed, the Senate Report demonstrates that Congress was as focused on the role of Enron's outside contractors in facilitating the fraud as it was on the actions of Enron's own officers. See, e.g., S. Rep., at 3 (fraud "occurred with extensive participation and structuring advice from Arthur Andersen . . . which was simultaneously serving as both consultant and independent auditor for Enron" (internal quotation marks and brackets omitted)); id., at 4 ("professionals from accounting firms, law firms and business consulting firms, who were paid millions to advise Enron on these practices, assured others that Enron was a solid investment"); id., at 4–5 (team of Andersen employees were tasked with destroying "physical evidence and documents" relating to Enron's fraud); id., at 5 ("Enron and Andersen were taking advantage of a system that allowed them to behave in an apparently fraudulent manner"); id., at 11 (Enron's fraud partly attributable to "the well-paid professionals who helped create, carry out, and cover up the complicated corporate ruse when they should have been raising concerns"); id., at 20–21 ("Enron's accountants and lawyers brought all their skills and knowledge to bear in assisting the fraud to succeed and then in covering it up."). Also clear from the legislative record is Congress' understanding that outside professionals bear significant responsibility for reporting fraud by the public companies with whom they contract, and that fear of retaliation was the primary deterrent to such reporting by the employ-ees of Enron's contractors. Congressional investigators discovered ample evidence of contractors demoting or dis-charging employees they have engaged who jeopardized the contractor's business relationship with Enron by objecting to Enron's financial practices. See, e.g., Oppel, Merrill Replaced Research Analyst Who Upset Enron, N. Y. Times, July 30, 2002, p. A1 ("In the summer of 1998, when it was eager to win more investment banking business from Enron, Merrill Lynch replaced a research analyst who had angered Enron executives by rating the company's stock 'neutral' with an analyst who soon upgraded the rating, according to Congressional investi-gators."); Yost, Andersen Whistleblower Was Removed, Associated Press (Apr. 3, 2002) (Congressional investigation reveals that Andersen removed one of its partners from its Enron team after Enron officials expressed unhappiness with the partner's questioning of certain accounting practices); Oppel, The Man Who Paid the Price for Sizing up Enron, N. Y. Times, Mar. 27, 2002, p. C1 ("Enron executives pressed UBS PaineWebber to take action against a broker who advised some Enron employees to sell their shares in August and was fired by the brokerage firm within hours of the complaint, accordingto e-mail messages released today by Congressionalinvestigators."). In the same vein, two of the four examples of whistleblower retaliation recounted in the Senate Report involved outside professionals retaliated against by their own employers. S. Rep., at 5 (on Andersen and UBS Paine-Webber employees); see also id., at 4–5 (Andersen employees who "attempted to report or 'blow the whistle' on [Enron's] fraud . . . were discouraged at nearly every turn"). Emphasizing the importance of outside professionals as "gatekeepers who detect and deter fraud," the Senate Report concludes: "Congress must reconsider the incentive system that has been set up that encourages accountants and lawyers who come across fraud in their work to remain silent." Id., at 20–21. From this legislative history, one can safely conclude that Congress enacted §1514A aiming to encourage whistleblowing by contractor employees

[ 562, 29899, 2798, 1934, 29892, 4307, 13734, 1516, 29892, 8078, 943, 29892, 19518, 29892, 322, 278, 763, 30003, 29893, 406, 752, 4019, 297, 29892, 565, 451, 10160, 304, 29892, 278, 6232, 7694, 5227, 566, 322, 15352, 4612, 29899, 786, 518, 2369, 1617, 29962, 13049, 869, 869, 869, 25722, 29878, 630, 1213, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29929, 29892, 6499, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29994, 29896, 29941, 29889, 14598, 29892, 278, 18148, 13969, 9004, 1078, 393, 11559, 471, 408, 21309, 373, 278, 6297, 310, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 5377, 8078, 943, 297, 16089, 277, 1218, 278, 5227, 566, 408, 372, 471, 373, 278, 8820, 310, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 1914, 13049, 29889, 2823, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 317, 29889, 10088, 1696, 472, 29871, 29941, 313, 20910, 566, 376, 542, 2764, 1127, 411, 20607, 27577, 322, 2281, 3864, 9848, 515, 11498, 19897, 264, 869, 869, 869, 607, 471, 21699, 16330, 408, 1716, 8799, 424, 322, 7417, 12990, 2105, 363, 1174, 1617, 29908, 313, 7564, 13911, 362, 17997, 322, 20476, 25811, 2483, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29946, 4852, 23221, 1211, 1338, 515, 3633, 292, 13734, 1516, 29892, 4307, 13734, 1516, 322, 5381, 8799, 292, 13734, 1516, 29892, 1058, 892, 12530, 14746, 304, 22939, 1174, 1617, 373, 1438, 23274, 29892, 28715, 4045, 393, 1174, 1617, 471, 263, 7773, 13258, 358, 1496, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29946, 29994, 29945, 313, 14318, 310, 19897, 264, 22873, 892, 3414, 287, 411, 8174, 292, 376, 14017, 936, 10757, 322, 10701, 29908, 1104, 1218, 304, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 5227, 566, 416, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29945, 4852, 2369, 1617, 322, 19897, 264, 892, 5622, 10631, 310, 263, 1788, 393, 6068, 963, 304, 23389, 297, 385, 13229, 5227, 566, 352, 296, 8214, 1496, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29896, 29896, 313, 2369, 1617, 29915, 29879, 5227, 566, 22669, 1098, 1091, 9246, 304, 376, 1552, 1532, 29899, 3274, 333, 6351, 1338, 1058, 9213, 1653, 29892, 8677, 714, 29892, 322, 4612, 701, 278, 12092, 17266, 403, 364, 1509, 746, 896, 881, 505, 1063, 29263, 21838, 1496, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29994, 29906, 29896, 4852, 2369, 1617, 29915, 29879, 3633, 1934, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 6296, 599, 1009, 25078, 322, 7134, 304, 11460, 297, 6985, 292, 278, 5227, 566, 304, 9269, 322, 769, 297, 21653, 372, 701, 1213, 467, 13, 17351, 2821, 515, 278, 13332, 1230, 2407, 338, 11559, 29915, 8004, 393, 5377, 6351, 1338, 11460, 7282, 23134, 363, 23415, 5227, 566, 491, 278, 970, 14582, 411, 6029, 896, 8078, 29892, 322, 393, 8866, 310, 3240, 2606, 362, 471, 278, 7601, 270, 1308, 7771, 304, 1316, 23415, 491, 278, 5703, 29899, 12712, 310, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 8078, 943, 29889, 6005, 29878, 15750, 7405, 4097, 10943, 626, 552, 10757, 310, 8078, 943, 1261, 11427, 470, 766, 29899, 25389, 292, 22873, 896, 505, 17785, 1058, 1444, 459, 538, 1891, 278, 8078, 272, 29915, 29879, 5381, 9443, 411, 1174, 1617, 491, 1203, 292, 304, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 18161, 23274, 29889, 2823, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 438, 17344, 29892, 341, 3127, 453, 10088, 433, 1133, 10550, 11597, 858, 11644, 501, 567, 300, 1174, 1617, 29892, 405, 29889, 612, 29889, 10277, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29892, 282, 29889, 319, 29896, 4852, 797, 278, 11801, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29947, 29892, 746, 372, 471, 19888, 304, 5401, 901, 13258, 358, 9124, 292, 5381, 515, 1174, 1617, 29892, 341, 3127, 453, 18989, 305, 8611, 263, 5925, 3483, 858, 1058, 750, 27343, 287, 1174, 1617, 6704, 3145, 491, 21700, 278, 5001, 29915, 29879, 10961, 525, 17821, 1705, 29915, 411, 385, 3483, 858, 1058, 4720, 20337, 287, 278, 21700, 29892, 5034, 304, 6005, 29878, 15750, 2437, 11521, 29899, 29887, 4097, 18327, 612, 520, 29892, 19897, 264, 806, 391, 19982, 13609, 12547, 5240, 8238, 29892, 6853, 630, 5254, 313, 29909, 558, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29897, 313, 29907, 549, 29878, 15750, 22522, 10320, 1338, 393, 19897, 264, 6206, 697, 310, 967, 22056, 515, 967, 1174, 1617, 3815, 1156, 1174, 1617, 24921, 13384, 28859, 932, 3335, 411, 278, 18096, 29915, 29879, 1139, 292, 310, 3058, 3633, 292, 23274, 416, 438, 17344, 29892, 450, 2315, 11644, 2621, 333, 278, 20743, 363, 317, 5281, 701, 1174, 1617, 29892, 405, 29889, 612, 29889, 10277, 29892, 1085, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29892, 282, 29889, 315, 29896, 4852, 2369, 1617, 6704, 3145, 15385, 501, 9851, 2621, 457, 3609, 495, 304, 2125, 3158, 2750, 263, 2545, 3946, 1058, 594, 11292, 777, 1174, 1617, 22873, 304, 19417, 1009, 29358, 297, 3111, 322, 471, 17285, 491, 278, 2545, 3946, 482, 9226, 2629, 6199, 310, 278, 15313, 524, 29892, 5034, 517, 321, 29899, 2549, 7191, 5492, 9826, 491, 6005, 29878, 15750, 11569, 5286, 4097, 1213, 467, 13, 797, 278, 1021, 2453, 262, 29892, 1023, 310, 278, 3023, 6455, 310, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 3240, 2606, 362, 1162, 792, 287, 297, 278, 18148, 13969, 9701, 5377, 6351, 1338, 3240, 2606, 630, 2750, 491, 1009, 1914, 5703, 414, 29889, 317, 29889, 10088, 1696, 472, 29871, 29945, 313, 265, 19897, 264, 322, 501, 9851, 2621, 457, 29899, 3609, 495, 22873, 416, 1074, 884, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29946, 29994, 29945, 313, 2855, 414, 264, 22873, 1058, 376, 1131, 3456, 287, 304, 3461, 470, 525, 29890, 677, 278, 377, 391, 280, 29915, 373, 518, 2369, 1617, 29915, 29879, 29962, 5227, 566, 869, 869, 869, 892, 2313, 283, 1431, 287, 472, 8886, 1432, 2507, 2564, 2812, 16130, 5281, 278, 13500, 310, 5377, 6351, 1338, 408, 376, 17062, 17462, 414, 1058, 6459, 322, 270, 1308, 5227, 566, 1699, 278, 18148, 13969, 378, 27722, 29901, 376, 29907, 549, 1253, 1818, 337, 3200, 1241, 278, 297, 1760, 573, 1788, 393, 756, 1063, 731, 701, 393, 18443, 267, 3633, 1934, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 1058, 2041, 4822, 5227, 566, 297, 1009, 664, 304, 3933, 17436, 1213, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29994, 29906, 29896, 29889, 3645, 445, 13332, 1230, 4955, 29892, 697, 508, 23511, 17668, 393, 11559, 427, 627, 287, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 12242, 292, 304, 13731, 6617, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 491, 8078, 272, 22873 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.040321

1.355531

1.299308

0.390594

who suspect fraud involving the public companies with whom they work. 13 FMR argues that Congress addressed its concerns about the role of outside accountants and lawyers in facilitating Enron's wrongdoing, not in §1514A, but exclusively in other provisions of Sarbanes-Oxley "directly regulat[ing] accountants and lawyers." Brief for Respondents 40. In particular, FMR points to sections of the Act requiring accountants and lawyers for public companies to investigate and report misconduct, or risk being banned from further practice before the SEC. Id., at 41 (citing 15 U. S. C. §§7215(c)(4), 7245). These requirements, however, indicate why Congress would have wanted to extend §1514A's coverage to the many lawyers and accountants who perform outside work for public companies. Although lawyers and accountants are subject to extensive regulations and sanctions throughout Sarbanes-Oxley, no provision of the Act other than §1514A affords them protection from retaliation by their employers for complying with the Act's reporting requirements. 14 In short, we cannot countenance the position advanced by FMR and the dissent, see post, at 14–16, that Congress intended to leave these professionals vulnerable to discharge or other retaliatory action for complying with the law. Our reading of §1514A avoids insulating the entire mutual fund industry from §1514A, as FMR's and the dissent's "narrower construction" would do. As companies "required to file reports under section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934," 18 U. S. C. §1514A(a), mutual funds unquestionably are governed by §1514A. Because mutual funds figure prominently among such report-filing companies, Congress presumably had them in mind when it added to "publicly traded companies" the discrete category of companies "required to file reports under section 15(d)." Virtually all mutual funds are structured so that they have no employees of their own; they are managed, instead, by independent investment advisers. See S. Rep. No. 91–184, p. 5 (1969) (accompanying the 1970 amendments to the Investment Company Act of 1940). The United States investment advising industry manages $14.7 trillion on behalf of nearly 94 million investors. See 2013 Investment Company Fact Book 7 (53d ed.), available at http://www.icifactbook.org/pdf/2013_factbook.pdf (as visited Feb. 20, 2014, and available in Clerk of Court's case file). These investment advisers, under our reading of §1514A, are contractors prohibited from retaliating against their own employees for engaging in whistleblowing activity. This construction protects the "insiders [who] are the only firsthand witnesses to the [shareholder] fraud." S. Rep., at 10. Under FMR's and the dissent's reading, in contrast, §1514A has no application to mutual funds, for all of the potential whistleblowers are employed by the privately held investment management companies, not by the mutual funds themselves. See Brief for Respondents 45 (describing this glaring gap as "merely a consequence of the corporate structure" of mutual funds). The Court of Appeals found exclusion of the mutual fund industry from §1514A tenable because mutual funds and their investment advisers are separately regulated under the Investment Company Act of 1940, 15 U. S. C. §80a–1 et seq., the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, 15 U. S. C. §80b–1 et seq., and elsewhere in Sarbanes-Oxley. 670 F. 3d, at 72–73. See also post, at 16–17, n. 10. But this separate regulation does not remove the problem, for nowhere

[ 1058, 12326, 5227, 566, 21677, 278, 970, 14582, 411, 6029, 896, 664, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29941, 13, 29943, 21055, 1852, 1041, 393, 11559, 20976, 967, 21838, 1048, 278, 6297, 310, 5377, 3633, 1934, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 297, 16089, 277, 1218, 1174, 1617, 29915, 29879, 2743, 1867, 292, 29892, 451, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 541, 13489, 3598, 297, 916, 1326, 12112, 310, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 376, 11851, 368, 24378, 271, 29961, 292, 29962, 3633, 1934, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 1213, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29946, 29900, 29889, 512, 3153, 29892, 20499, 29934, 3291, 304, 13926, 310, 278, 3185, 26795, 3633, 1934, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 363, 970, 14582, 304, 23033, 322, 3461, 3984, 535, 2199, 29892, 470, 12045, 1641, 289, 11310, 515, 4340, 6944, 1434, 278, 3725, 29907, 29889, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29946, 29896, 313, 29883, 11407, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 30152, 29955, 29906, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29883, 5033, 29946, 511, 29871, 29955, 29906, 29946, 29945, 467, 4525, 11780, 29892, 3138, 29892, 12266, 2020, 11559, 723, 505, 5131, 304, 10985, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 23746, 304, 278, 1784, 4307, 29891, 414, 322, 3633, 1934, 1058, 2189, 5377, 664, 363, 970, 14582, 29889, 8512, 4307, 29891, 414, 322, 3633, 1934, 526, 4967, 304, 20607, 1072, 8250, 322, 9753, 1953, 10106, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 29892, 694, 25161, 310, 278, 3185, 916, 1135, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 2756, 4339, 963, 13047, 515, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 1009, 5703, 414, 363, 752, 5890, 411, 278, 3185, 29915, 29879, 23415, 11780, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29946, 512, 3273, 29892, 591, 2609, 2302, 264, 749, 278, 2602, 12862, 491, 20499, 29934, 322, 278, 16317, 296, 29892, 1074, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29994, 29896, 29953, 29892, 393, 11559, 9146, 304, 5967, 1438, 6351, 1338, 23180, 519, 304, 766, 23367, 470, 916, 3240, 2606, 7606, 3158, 363, 752, 5890, 411, 278, 4307, 29889, 13, 29949, 332, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 4772, 29879, 1663, 18099, 278, 4152, 5478, 950, 5220, 13661, 515, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 408, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 322, 278, 16317, 296, 29915, 29879, 376, 24156, 307, 556, 7632, 29908, 723, 437, 29889, 1094, 14582, 376, 12403, 304, 934, 13676, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 310, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 24004, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 1699, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 511, 5478, 950, 29199, 443, 12470, 2197, 526, 4095, 287, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 7311, 5478, 950, 29199, 4377, 2504, 262, 2705, 4249, 1316, 3461, 29899, 1777, 292, 14582, 29892, 11559, 2225, 24873, 750, 963, 297, 3458, 746, 372, 2715, 304, 376, 3597, 368, 3534, 287, 14582, 29908, 278, 19554, 7663, 310, 14582, 376, 12403, 304, 934, 13676, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 467, 29908, 13, 29963, 2728, 1474, 599, 5478, 950, 29199, 526, 2281, 2955, 577, 393, 896, 505, 694, 22873, 310, 1009, 1914, 29936, 896, 526, 8745, 29892, 2012, 29892, 491, 7417, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 29889, 2823, 317, 29889, 10088, 29889, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29929, 29896, 29994, 29896, 29947, 29946, 29892, 282, 29889, 29871, 29945, 313, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29929, 29897, 313, 562, 14518, 292, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29900, 626, 355, 1860, 304, 278, 512, 10147, 358, 6938, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29900, 467, 450, 3303, 3900, 13258, 358, 25228, 292, 13661, 767, 1179, 395, 29896, 29946, 29889, 29955, 534, 453, 291, 373, 2306, 3131, 310, 8886, 29871, 29929, 29946, 7284, 13258, 943, 29889, 2823, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 512, 10147, 358, 6938, 26748, 6726, 29871, 29955, 313, 29945, 29941, 29881, 1226, 9774, 3625, 472, 1732, 597, 1636, 29889, 293, 7060, 2909, 29889, 990, 29914, 5140, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 29918, 17028, 2909, 29889, 5140, 313, 294, 16669, 26319, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29892, 322, 3625, 297, 315, 1358, 29895, 310, 9245, 29915, 29879, 1206, 934, 467, 4525, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 29892, 1090, 1749, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 526, 8078, 943, 21460, 1573, 515, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 1009, 1914, 22873, 363, 3033, 6751, 297, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 6354, 29889, 910, 7632, 12566, 29879, 278, 376, 1144, 11376, 518, 15970, 29962, 526, 278, 871, 937, 3179, 16277, 267, 304, 278, 518, 13653, 7694, 29962, 5227, 566, 1213, 317, 29889, 10088, 1696, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 7634, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 322, 278, 16317, 296, 29915, 29879, 5183, 29892, 297, 12814, 29892, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 756, 694, 2280, 304, 5478, 950, 29199, 29892, 363, 599, 310, 278, 7037, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 414, 526, 15723, 491, 278, 5999, 2486, 4934, 13258, 358, 10643, 14582, 29892, 451, 491, 278, 5478, 950, 29199, 6053, 29889, 2823, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29946, 29945, 313, 2783, 699, 10549, 445, 3144, 4362, 17261, 408, 376, 1050, 873, 263, 17004, 310, 278, 17266, 403, 3829, 29908, 310, 5478, 950, 29199, 467, 13, 1576, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 1476, 429, 10085, 310, 278, 5478, 950, 5220, 13661, 515, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 3006, 519, 1363, 5478, 950, 29199, 322, 1009, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 526, 16949, 1072, 7964, 1090, 278, 512, 10147, 358, 6938, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29947, 29900, 29874, 29994, 29896, 634, 19359, 1696, 278, 512, 10147, 358, 2087, 1730, 414, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29947, 29900, 29890, 29994, 29896, 634, 19359, 1696, 322, 17551, 297, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29955, 29900, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29892, 472, 29871, 29955, 29906, 29994, 29955, 29941, 29889, 2823, 884, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29994, 29896, 29955, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 1205, 445, 5004, 1072, 2785, 947, 451, 3349, 278, 1108, 29892, 363, 1286, 4150 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.03321

1.412633

0.313035

0.256517

else in these legislative measures are investment management employees afforded whistleblower protection. Section 1514A alone shields them from retaliation for bringing fraud to light. Indeed, affording whistleblower protection to mutual fund investment advisers is crucial to Sarbanes-Oxley's endeavor to "protect investors by improving the accuracy and reliability of corporate disclosures made pursuant to the securities laws." 116Stat. 745. As plaintiffs observe, these disclosures are written, not by anyone at the mutual funds themselves, but by employees of the investment advisers. "Under FMR's [and the dissent's] proposed in-terpretation of section 1514A, FMR could dismiss any FMR employee who disclosed to the directors of or lawyers for the Fidelity funds that there were material falsehoods in the documents being filed by FMR with the SEC in the name of those funds." Reply Brief 13. It is implausible that Congress intended to leave such an employee remediless. See id., at 14. Unable credibly to contest the glaring under-inclusiveness of the "narrower reading" FMR urges, the dissent emphasizes instead FMR's claim that the reading of §1514A we adopt is all too inclusive. See post, at 1–2, 6, 12–13, 20–21. FMR's amici also press this point, observing that the activity protected under §1514A(a)(1) encompasses reporting not only securities fraud ( 18 U. S. C. §1348), but also mail, wire, and bank fraud (§§1341, 1343, 1344). Including contractor employees in the protected class, they therefore assert, could "cas[t] a wide net over employees who have no exposure to investor-related activities and thus could not possibly assist in detecting investor fraud." Brief for Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America as Amicus Curiae 3. See also Brief for Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association as Amicus Curiae 7–16. There is scant evidence, however, that these floodgate-opening concerns are more than hypothetical. DOL's regulations have interpreted §1514A as protecting contractor employees for almost a decade. 15 See 69 Fed. Reg. 52105–52106 (2004). Yet no "narrower construction" advocate has identified even a single case in which the employee of a private contractor has asserted a §1514A claim based on allegations unrelated to shareholder fraud. FMR's parade of horribles rests solely on Lockheed Martin Corp. v. ARB, 717 F. 3d 1121 (CA10 2013), a case involving mail and wire fraud claims asserted by an employee of a public company—i.e., claims in no way affected by today's decision. The dissent's fears that household employees and others, on learning of today's decision, will be prompted to pursue retaliation claims, post, at 13, and that OSHA will find them meritorious under §1514A, seem to us unwarranted. If we are wrong, however, Congress can easily fix the problem by amending §1514A explicitly to remove personal employees of public company officers and employees from the provision's reach. But it would thwart Congress' dominant aim if contractors were taken off the hook for retaliating against their whistleblowing employees, just to avoid the unlikely prospect that babysitters, nannies, gardeners, and the like will flood OSHA with §1514A complaints. Plaintiffs and the Solicitor General observe that overbreadth problems may be resolved by various limit-ing principles. They point specifically to the word"contractor." Plaintiffs note that in "common parlance," "contractor" does not extend to every fleeting business relationship. Instead, the word "refers to a party whose performance of a contract will take place over a significant period of time." Reply Brief 16. See also Fleszar v.

[ 1683, 297, 1438, 13332, 1230, 15366, 526, 13258, 358, 10643, 22873, 21750, 287, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 29889, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 7432, 28761, 29879, 963, 515, 3240, 2606, 362, 363, 20794, 5227, 566, 304, 3578, 29889, 13, 2568, 12613, 29892, 2756, 3278, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 304, 5478, 950, 5220, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 338, 7618, 1455, 304, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 29915, 29879, 19981, 17118, 304, 376, 14676, 312, 13258, 943, 491, 4857, 1747, 278, 13600, 322, 12536, 3097, 310, 17266, 403, 766, 11291, 1973, 1754, 12359, 29884, 424, 304, 278, 409, 2764, 1907, 14243, 1213, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29953, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29946, 29945, 29889, 1094, 2174, 524, 28324, 14111, 29892, 1438, 766, 11291, 1973, 526, 3971, 29892, 451, 491, 5019, 472, 278, 5478, 950, 29199, 6053, 29892, 541, 491, 22873, 310, 278, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 29889, 376, 29177, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 518, 392, 278, 16317, 296, 29915, 29879, 29962, 7972, 297, 29899, 357, 19819, 362, 310, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 20499, 29934, 1033, 18918, 738, 20499, 29934, 19001, 1058, 766, 15603, 304, 278, 1513, 943, 310, 470, 4307, 29891, 414, 363, 278, 383, 10652, 537, 29199, 393, 727, 892, 5518, 2089, 6614, 29879, 297, 278, 10701, 1641, 934, 29881, 491, 20499, 29934, 411, 278, 3725, 29907, 297, 278, 1024, 310, 1906, 29199, 1213, 10088, 368, 1771, 2575, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29889, 739, 338, 2411, 15273, 1821, 393, 11559, 9146, 304, 5967, 1316, 385, 19001, 1083, 287, 309, 404, 29889, 2823, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29889, 13, 2525, 519, 6625, 14981, 304, 17793, 278, 3144, 4362, 1090, 29899, 262, 7009, 20193, 310, 278, 376, 24156, 307, 556, 5183, 29908, 20499, 29934, 5065, 2710, 29892, 278, 16317, 296, 19310, 7093, 2012, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 5995, 393, 278, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 591, 9332, 338, 599, 2086, 20978, 573, 29889, 2823, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29994, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29994, 29896, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29994, 29906, 29896, 29889, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 626, 1654, 884, 3965, 445, 1298, 29892, 5366, 1747, 393, 278, 6354, 6364, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29896, 29897, 427, 2388, 465, 267, 23415, 451, 871, 409, 2764, 1907, 5227, 566, 313, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29941, 29946, 29947, 511, 541, 884, 10524, 29892, 8014, 29892, 322, 9124, 5227, 566, 313, 30152, 30152, 29896, 29941, 29946, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29946, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29946, 29946, 467, 512, 22368, 8078, 272, 22873, 297, 278, 6364, 770, 29892, 896, 5480, 4974, 29892, 1033, 376, 9398, 29961, 29873, 29962, 263, 9377, 7787, 975, 22873, 1058, 505, 694, 14060, 545, 304, 13258, 272, 29899, 12817, 14188, 322, 4550, 1033, 451, 10075, 6985, 297, 6459, 292, 13258, 272, 5227, 566, 1213, 1771, 2575, 363, 25037, 310, 422, 15667, 310, 278, 3303, 3900, 310, 6813, 408, 1913, 12473, 10837, 23395, 29871, 29941, 29889, 2823, 884, 1771, 2575, 363, 5356, 332, 1907, 12157, 719, 322, 4231, 273, 1455, 4485, 1691, 7993, 408, 1913, 12473, 10837, 23395, 29871, 29955, 29994, 29896, 29953, 29889, 13, 8439, 338, 885, 424, 10757, 29892, 3138, 29892, 393, 1438, 5685, 397, 17062, 29899, 3150, 292, 21838, 526, 901, 1135, 13752, 300, 936, 29889, 360, 5607, 29915, 29879, 1072, 8250, 505, 21551, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 408, 12566, 292, 8078, 272, 22873, 363, 4359, 263, 316, 6332, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29945, 2823, 29871, 29953, 29929, 17972, 29889, 2169, 29889, 29871, 29945, 29906, 29896, 29900, 29945, 29994, 29945, 29906, 29896, 29900, 29953, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29946, 467, 15175, 694, 376, 24156, 307, 556, 7632, 29908, 22545, 403, 756, 15659, 1584, 263, 2323, 1206, 297, 607, 278, 19001, 310, 263, 2024, 8078, 272, 756, 4974, 287, 263, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 5995, 2729, 373, 16831, 800, 443, 12817, 304, 6232, 7694, 5227, 566, 29889, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 1702, 311, 310, 4029, 1091, 793, 1791, 29879, 14419, 368, 373, 18199, 354, 287, 6502, 2994, 29886, 29889, 325, 29889, 9033, 29933, 29892, 29871, 29955, 29896, 29955, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29906, 29896, 313, 5454, 29896, 29900, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 511, 263, 1206, 21677, 10524, 322, 8014, 5227, 566, 16726, 4974, 287, 491, 385, 19001, 310, 263, 970, 5001, 30003, 29875, 29889, 29872, 1696, 16726, 297, 694, 982, 15201, 491, 9826, 29915, 29879, 10608, 29889, 450, 16317, 296, 29915, 29879, 8866, 29879, 393, 22329, 22873, 322, 4045, 29892, 373, 6509, 310, 9826, 29915, 29879, 10608, 29892, 674, 367, 9508, 287, 304, 12359, 434, 3240, 2606, 362, 16726, 29892, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29892, 322, 393, 6570, 15715, 674, 1284, 963, 2778, 2105, 2738, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 2833, 304, 502, 18500, 2749, 9714, 29889, 960, 591, 526, 2743, 29892, 3138, 29892, 11559, 508, 5948, 2329, 278, 1108, 491, 626, 2548, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 9479, 304, 3349, 7333, 22873, 310, 970, 5001, 13049, 322, 22873, 515, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 6159, 29889, 1205, 372, 723, 266, 10305, 11559, 29915, 28526, 12242, 565, 8078, 943, 892, 4586, 1283, 278, 12422, 363, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 1009, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 22873, 29892, 925, 304, 4772, 278, 25057, 27289, 393, 289, 370, 952, 277, 2153, 29892, 302, 812, 583, 29892, 16423, 414, 29892, 322, 278, 763, 674, 5685, 397, 6570, 15715, 411, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 15313, 9466, 29889, 13, 29925, 433, 524, 28324, 322, 278, 4956, 293, 2105, 4593, 14111, 393, 975, 29890, 949, 386, 4828, 1122, 367, 11527, 491, 5164, 4046, 29899, 292, 18671, 29889, 2688, 1298, 10816, 304, 278, 1734, 29908, 1285, 28891, 1213, 13494, 524, 28324, 4443, 393, 297, 376, 9435, 24590, 749, 1699, 376, 1285, 28891, 29908, 947, 451, 10985, 304, 1432, 9115, 15133, 5381, 9443, 29889, 8669, 29892, 278, 1734, 376, 999, 414, 304, 263, 6263, 5069, 4180, 310, 263, 8078, 674, 2125, 2058, 975, 263, 7282, 3785, 310, 931, 1213, 10088, 368, 1771, 2575, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29889, 2823, 884, 383, 793, 26687, 325, 29889 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.141361

1.355531

0.262825

0.289404

United States Dept. of Labor, 598 F. 3d 912, 915 (CA7 2010) ("Nothing in §1514A implies that, if [a privately held business] buys a box of rubber bands from Wal-Mart, a company with traded securities, the [business] becomes covered by §1514A."). The Solicitor General further maintains that §1514A protects contractor employees only to the extent that their whistleblowing relates to "the contractor . . . fulfilling its role as a contractor for the public company, not the contractor in some other capacity." Tr. of Oral Arg. 18–19 (Government counsel). See also id., at 23 ("[I]t has to be a person who is in a position to detect and report the types of fraud and securities violations that are included in the statute. . . . [W]e think that 'the contractor of such com-pany' refers to the contractor in that role, working for the public company.' "). Finally, the Solicitor General suggests that we need not determine the bounds of §1514A today, because plaintiffs seek only a "mainstream application" of the provision's protections. Id., at 20 (Government counsel). We agree. Plaintiffs' allegations fall squarely within Congress' aim in enacting §1514A. Lawson alleges that she was constructively discharged for reporting accounting practices that overstated expenses associated with managing certain Fidelity mutual funds. This alleged fraud directly implicates the funds' shareholders: "By inflating its expenses, and thus understating its profits, [FMR] could potentially increase the fees it would earn from the mutual funds, fees ultimately paid by the shareholders of those funds." Brief for Petitioners 3. Zang alleges that he was fired for expressing concerns about inaccuracies in a draft registration statement FMR prepared for the SEC on behalf of certain Fidelity funds. The potential impact on shareholders of false or misleading registration statements needs no elaboration. If Lawson and Zang's allegations prove true, these plaintiffs would indeed be "firsthand witnesses to [the shareholder] fraud" Congress anticipated §1514A would protect. S. Rep., at 10. FMR urges that legislative events subsequent toSarbanes-Oxley's enactment show that Congress did not intend to extend §1514A's protections to contractor employees. 16 In particular, FMR calls our attention to the 2010 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, 124Stat. 1376 (Dodd-Frank). Dodd-Frank amended §1514A(a) to read: "No company with a class of securities registered under section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U. S. C. 78l), or that is required to file reports under [section 12] of the [1934 Act] (15 U. S. C. 78o(d)) including any subsidiary or affiliate whose financial information is included in the consolidated financial statements of such company, or nationally recognized statistical rating organization (as defined in section 3(a) of the [1934 Act] (15 U. S. C. 78c), or any officer, employee, contractor, subcontractor, or agent of such company or nationally recognized statistical rating organization, may discharge, demote, suspend, threaten, harass, or in any other manner discriminateagainst an employee in the terms and conditions of employment because of any [protected activity]." 18 U. S. C. §1514A(a) (2012 ed.) (emphasis added; footnote omitted.) The amended provision extends §1514A's protection to employees of public company subsidiaries and nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (NRSROs). FMR asserts that Congress' decision to add NRSROs to §1514A shows that the provision did not previously cover contractor employees: "If [§1514A] already covered every private company contracting

[ 3303, 3900, 897, 415, 29889, 310, 16715, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29929, 29947, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29871, 29929, 29896, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29929, 29896, 29945, 313, 5454, 29955, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29897, 4852, 26521, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 10469, 393, 29892, 565, 518, 29874, 5999, 2486, 4934, 5381, 29962, 1321, 952, 263, 3800, 310, 14051, 495, 22706, 515, 5260, 29899, 15838, 29892, 263, 5001, 411, 3534, 287, 409, 2764, 1907, 29892, 278, 518, 8262, 3335, 29962, 7415, 10664, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 1213, 467, 13, 1576, 4956, 293, 2105, 4593, 4340, 7344, 29879, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 12566, 29879, 8078, 272, 22873, 871, 304, 278, 15834, 393, 1009, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 1104, 1078, 304, 376, 1552, 8078, 272, 869, 869, 869, 6095, 5589, 292, 967, 6297, 408, 263, 8078, 272, 363, 278, 970, 5001, 29892, 451, 278, 8078, 272, 297, 777, 916, 13284, 1213, 1605, 29889, 310, 1394, 284, 11842, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29994, 29896, 29929, 313, 29954, 6170, 358, 2613, 2838, 467, 2823, 884, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29941, 4852, 29961, 29902, 29962, 29873, 756, 304, 367, 263, 2022, 1058, 338, 297, 263, 2602, 304, 6459, 322, 3461, 278, 4072, 310, 5227, 566, 322, 409, 2764, 1907, 5537, 800, 393, 526, 5134, 297, 278, 1002, 1082, 29889, 869, 869, 869, 518, 29956, 29962, 29872, 1348, 393, 525, 1552, 8078, 272, 310, 1316, 419, 29899, 29886, 1384, 29915, 14637, 304, 278, 8078, 272, 297, 393, 6297, 29892, 1985, 363, 278, 970, 5001, 6169, 376, 467, 13, 12881, 635, 29892, 278, 4956, 293, 2105, 4593, 14661, 393, 591, 817, 451, 8161, 278, 13451, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 9826, 29892, 1363, 2174, 524, 28324, 16508, 871, 263, 376, 3396, 5461, 2280, 29908, 310, 278, 25161, 29915, 29879, 3279, 1953, 29889, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29900, 313, 29954, 6170, 358, 2613, 2838, 467, 1334, 8661, 29889, 13494, 524, 28324, 29915, 16831, 800, 6416, 6862, 368, 2629, 11559, 29915, 12242, 297, 427, 627, 292, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 7927, 1100, 16831, 267, 393, 1183, 471, 3386, 3598, 766, 25389, 287, 363, 23415, 3633, 292, 23274, 393, 975, 303, 630, 1518, 11259, 6942, 411, 767, 6751, 3058, 383, 10652, 537, 5478, 950, 29199, 29889, 910, 16831, 287, 5227, 566, 4153, 2411, 15815, 278, 29199, 29915, 6232, 8948, 414, 29901, 376, 2059, 4414, 1218, 967, 1518, 11259, 29892, 322, 4550, 1090, 303, 1218, 967, 2600, 1169, 29892, 518, 29943, 21055, 29962, 1033, 19998, 7910, 278, 1238, 267, 372, 723, 2326, 29876, 515, 278, 5478, 950, 29199, 29892, 1238, 267, 18973, 12530, 491, 278, 6232, 8948, 414, 310, 1906, 29199, 1213, 1771, 2575, 363, 5879, 654, 414, 29871, 29941, 29889, 796, 574, 16831, 267, 393, 540, 471, 17285, 363, 4653, 292, 21838, 1048, 297, 5753, 2002, 2478, 297, 263, 18195, 22583, 3229, 20499, 29934, 13240, 363, 278, 3725, 29907, 373, 2306, 3131, 310, 3058, 383, 10652, 537, 29199, 29889, 450, 7037, 10879, 373, 6232, 8948, 414, 310, 2089, 470, 3984, 25369, 22583, 9506, 4225, 694, 13771, 362, 29889, 960, 7927, 1100, 322, 796, 574, 29915, 29879, 16831, 800, 6356, 1565, 29892, 1438, 2174, 524, 28324, 723, 6200, 367, 376, 4102, 3179, 16277, 267, 304, 518, 1552, 6232, 7694, 29962, 5227, 566, 29908, 11559, 23483, 630, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 723, 12566, 29889, 317, 29889, 10088, 1696, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 13, 29943, 21055, 5065, 2710, 393, 13332, 1230, 4959, 15352, 304, 29903, 279, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 29915, 29879, 427, 627, 358, 1510, 393, 11559, 1258, 451, 24042, 304, 10985, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 3279, 1953, 304, 8078, 272, 22873, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29953, 512, 3153, 29892, 20499, 29934, 5717, 1749, 8570, 304, 278, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 14406, 7103, 23933, 322, 2138, 4680, 14409, 428, 3185, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29946, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29955, 29953, 313, 29928, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 467, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 626, 2760, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 304, 1303, 29901, 13, 29908, 3782, 5001, 411, 263, 770, 310, 409, 2764, 1907, 15443, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29906, 310, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 24004, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 313, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29947, 29880, 511, 470, 393, 338, 3734, 304, 934, 13676, 1090, 518, 2042, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29962, 310, 278, 518, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 3185, 29962, 313, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29947, 29877, 29898, 29881, 876, 3704, 738, 11684, 8819, 653, 470, 23736, 403, 5069, 18161, 2472, 338, 5134, 297, 278, 1136, 17211, 630, 18161, 9506, 310, 1316, 5001, 29892, 470, 5233, 635, 14831, 24148, 21700, 13013, 313, 294, 3342, 297, 4004, 29871, 29941, 29898, 29874, 29897, 310, 278, 518, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 3185, 29962, 313, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29947, 29883, 511, 470, 738, 12139, 29892, 19001, 29892, 8078, 272, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 470, 10823, 310, 1316, 5001, 470, 5233, 635, 14831, 24148, 21700, 13013, 29892, 1122, 766, 23367, 29892, 1261, 866, 29892, 8872, 355, 29892, 20616, 29892, 4023, 465, 29892, 470, 297, 738, 916, 8214, 2313, 5632, 16976, 351, 475, 303, 385, 19001, 297, 278, 4958, 322, 5855, 310, 5703, 358, 1363, 310, 738, 518, 24681, 6354, 29962, 1213, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 1226, 1846, 313, 7278, 25101, 2715, 29936, 3661, 6812, 25811, 1846, 13, 1576, 626, 2760, 25161, 4988, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 13047, 304, 22873, 310, 970, 5001, 11684, 8819, 4314, 322, 5233, 635, 14831, 24148, 21700, 25700, 313, 29940, 12445, 1672, 29879, 467, 20499, 29934, 408, 643, 1372, 393, 11559, 29915, 10608, 304, 788, 405, 12445, 1672, 29879, 304, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 3697, 393, 278, 25161, 1258, 451, 9251, 4612, 8078, 272, 22873, 29901, 376, 3644, 518, 30152, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29962, 2307, 10664, 1432, 2024, 5001, 8078, 292 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.004829

1.428207

0.193786

0.260312

with a public company, there would have been no need for Congress to extend [§1514A] to certain private companies." Brief for Respondents 35–36. This argument fails at the starting gate, for FMR concedes that not all NRSROs are privately held, and not all NRSROs contract with public companies. Id., at 36. We see nothing useful to our inquiry in Congress' decision to amend §1514A to include public company sub-sidiaries and NRSROs. More telling, at the time of the Dodd-Frank amendments, DOL regulations provided that §1514A protects contractor employees. See 29 CFR §1980.101 (2009). Congress included in its alterations no language gainsaying that protection. As Judge Thompson's dissent from the First Circuit's judgment observes, "Congress had a miles-wide opening to nip [DOL's] regulation in the bud if it had wished to do so. It did not." 670 F. 3d, at 88. Dodd-Frank also establishes a corporate whistleblowing reward program, accompanied by a new provision pro-hibiting any employer from retaliating against "a whistleblower" for providing information to the SEC, participating in an SEC proceeding, or making disclosures requiredor protected under Sarbanes-Oxley and certain other securities laws. 15 U. S. C. §78u–6(a)(6), (b)(1), (h). FMR urges that, as this provision covers employees of all companies, public or private, "[t]here is no justification" for reading §1514A to cover employees of contractors: "Any 'gap' that might, arguendo, have existed for employees of private entities between 2002 and 2010 has now been closed." Brief for Respondents 44. 17 FMR, we note, somewhat overstates Dodd-Frank's cov-erage. Section 1514A's protections include employeeswho provide information to any "person with supervisory authority over the employee." §1514A(a)(1)(C). Dodd-Frank's whistleblower provision, however, focuses primarily on reporting to federal authorities. See Brief for United States as Amicus Curiae 30 ("[I]f employees of contrac-tors of public companies are not protected under Section 1514A, they are not protected for making internal complaints under . . . the Dodd-Frank Act."). In any event, our task is not to determine whether including contractor employees in the class protected by §1514A remains necessary in 2014. It is, instead, to determine whether Congress afforded protection to contractor employees when it enacted §1514A in 2002. If anything relevant to our inquiry can be gleaned from Dodd-Frank,it is that Congress apparently does not share FMR'sconcerns about extending protection comprehensivelyto corporate whistleblowers. 18 We end by returning to AIR 21's whistleblower protection provision, 49 U. S. C. §42121, enacted two years before Sarbanes-Oxley. Congress designed §1514A to "track . . . as closely as possible" the protections afforded by §42121. S. Rep., at 30. To this end, §1514A incorporates by cross-reference §42121's administrative enforcement regime, see 18 U. S. C. §1514A(b)(2), and contains parallel statutory text. Compare §1514A(a) ("No [public] company . . . or any officer, employee, contractor, subcontractor, or agent of such company, may discharge, demote, suspend, threaten, harass, or in any other manner discriminate against an employee in the terms and conditions of employment" for engaging in protected activity) with 49 U. S. C. §42121(a) ("No air carrier or contractor or subcontractor of an air carrier may discharge an employee or otherwise discriminate against an employee with respect to

[ 411, 263, 970, 5001, 29892, 727, 723, 505, 1063, 694, 817, 363, 11559, 304, 10985, 518, 30152, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29962, 304, 3058, 2024, 14582, 1213, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29941, 29945, 29994, 29941, 29953, 29889, 910, 2980, 8465, 472, 278, 6257, 12417, 29892, 363, 20499, 29934, 27943, 267, 393, 451, 599, 405, 12445, 1672, 29879, 526, 5999, 2486, 4934, 29892, 322, 451, 599, 405, 12445, 1672, 29879, 8078, 411, 970, 14582, 29889, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29941, 29953, 29889, 13, 4806, 1074, 3078, 5407, 304, 1749, 25501, 16129, 297, 11559, 29915, 10608, 304, 626, 355, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 3160, 970, 5001, 1014, 29899, 29879, 8819, 4314, 322, 405, 12445, 1672, 29879, 29889, 5853, 14509, 29892, 472, 278, 931, 310, 278, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 626, 355, 1860, 29892, 360, 5607, 1072, 8250, 4944, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 12566, 29879, 8078, 272, 22873, 29889, 2823, 29871, 29906, 29929, 315, 15860, 16683, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29900, 29889, 29896, 29900, 29896, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29929, 467, 11559, 5134, 297, 967, 10551, 800, 694, 4086, 330, 2708, 388, 292, 393, 13047, 29889, 1094, 26817, 22348, 29915, 29879, 16317, 296, 515, 278, 3824, 12594, 3121, 29915, 29879, 24284, 5366, 1960, 29892, 376, 29907, 549, 1253, 750, 263, 7800, 29899, 8157, 8718, 304, 302, 666, 518, 3970, 29931, 29915, 29879, 29962, 1072, 2785, 297, 278, 8619, 565, 372, 750, 20024, 304, 437, 577, 29889, 739, 1258, 451, 1213, 29871, 29953, 29955, 29900, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29892, 472, 29871, 29947, 29947, 29889, 13, 29928, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 884, 10127, 267, 263, 17266, 403, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 20751, 1824, 29892, 21302, 491, 263, 716, 25161, 410, 29899, 6335, 11407, 738, 5703, 261, 515, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 376, 29874, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 29908, 363, 13138, 2472, 304, 278, 3725, 29907, 29892, 5221, 1218, 297, 385, 3725, 29907, 8469, 292, 29892, 470, 3907, 766, 11291, 1973, 3734, 272, 6364, 1090, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 322, 3058, 916, 409, 2764, 1907, 14243, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29947, 29884, 29994, 29953, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29953, 511, 313, 29890, 5033, 29896, 511, 313, 29882, 467, 20499, 29934, 5065, 2710, 393, 29892, 408, 445, 25161, 18469, 22873, 310, 599, 14582, 29892, 970, 470, 2024, 29892, 14704, 29873, 29962, 4150, 338, 694, 925, 2450, 29908, 363, 5183, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 4612, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 29901, 376, 10773, 525, 29887, 481, 29915, 393, 1795, 29892, 1852, 29884, 2765, 29892, 505, 22856, 363, 22873, 310, 2024, 16212, 1546, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 322, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 756, 1286, 1063, 5764, 1213, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29946, 29946, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29955, 13, 29943, 21055, 29892, 591, 4443, 29892, 10579, 975, 28631, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 29915, 29879, 18838, 29899, 261, 482, 29889, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 3279, 1953, 3160, 22873, 15970, 3867, 2472, 304, 738, 376, 10532, 411, 2428, 1730, 706, 14329, 975, 278, 19001, 1213, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29896, 5033, 29907, 467, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 29915, 29879, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 25161, 29892, 3138, 29892, 8569, 267, 19434, 373, 23415, 304, 17097, 21142, 29889, 2823, 1771, 2575, 363, 3303, 3900, 408, 1913, 12473, 10837, 23395, 29871, 29941, 29900, 4852, 29961, 29902, 29962, 29888, 22873, 310, 640, 945, 29899, 29873, 943, 310, 970, 14582, 526, 451, 6364, 1090, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 896, 526, 451, 6364, 363, 3907, 7463, 15313, 9466, 1090, 869, 869, 869, 278, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 3185, 1213, 467, 13, 797, 738, 1741, 29892, 1749, 3414, 338, 451, 304, 8161, 3692, 3704, 8078, 272, 22873, 297, 278, 770, 6364, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 9242, 5181, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29889, 739, 338, 29892, 2012, 29892, 304, 8161, 3692, 11559, 21750, 287, 13047, 304, 8078, 272, 22873, 746, 372, 427, 627, 287, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29889, 960, 3099, 8018, 304, 1749, 25501, 16129, 508, 367, 330, 14044, 287, 515, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 29892, 277, 338, 393, 11559, 13229, 947, 451, 6232, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 535, 29883, 824, 29879, 1048, 23771, 13047, 15171, 575, 3598, 517, 17266, 403, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 414, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29947, 13, 4806, 1095, 491, 7863, 304, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 25161, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29892, 427, 627, 287, 1023, 2440, 1434, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 29889, 11559, 8688, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 376, 11294, 869, 869, 869, 408, 16467, 408, 1950, 29908, 278, 3279, 1953, 21750, 287, 491, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29889, 317, 29889, 10088, 1696, 472, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29889, 1763, 445, 1095, 29892, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 11039, 1078, 491, 4891, 29899, 5679, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 19185, 24555, 13561, 22384, 29892, 1074, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29890, 5033, 29906, 511, 322, 3743, 8943, 1002, 329, 706, 1426, 29889, 3831, 598, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 4852, 3782, 518, 3597, 29962, 5001, 869, 869, 869, 470, 738, 12139, 29892, 19001, 29892, 8078, 272, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 470, 10823, 310, 1316, 5001, 29892, 1122, 766, 23367, 29892, 1261, 866, 29892, 8872, 355, 29892, 20616, 29892, 4023, 465, 29892, 470, 297, 738, 916, 8214, 2313, 5632, 16976, 2750, 385, 19001, 297, 278, 4958, 322, 5855, 310, 5703, 358, 29908, 363, 3033, 6751, 297, 6364, 6354, 29897, 411, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29874, 29897, 4852, 3782, 4799, 1559, 4336, 470, 8078, 272, 470, 1014, 1285, 28891, 310, 385, 4799, 1559, 4336, 1122, 766, 23367, 385, 19001, 470, 6467, 2313, 5632, 16976, 2750, 385, 19001, 411, 3390, 304 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.142667

1.324384

-0.144405

0.07058

compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment" for engaging in protected activity). 19 Section 42121 has been read to protect employees of contractors covered by the provision. The ARB has consistently construed AIR 21 to cover contractor employees. E.g., Evans v. Miami Valley Hospital, ARB No. 07–118 etc., ALJ No. 2006–AIR–022, pp. 9–11 (June 30, 2009); Peck v. Safe Air Int'l, Inc., ARB No. 02–028, ALJ No. 2001–AIR–3, p. 13 (Jan. 30, 2004). 20 And DOL's regulations adopting this interpretation of §42121 date back to April 1, 2002, before §1514A was enacted. 67 Fed. Reg. 15454, 15457–15458 (2002). The Senate Report for AIR 21 supports this reading, explaining that the Act "provide[s] employees of airlines, and employees of airline contractors and subcontractors, with statutory whistleblower protection." S. Rep. No. 105–278, p. 22 (1998). 21 The Court of Appeals recognized that Congress modeled §1514A on §42121, and that §42121 has been understood to protect contractor employees. 670 F. 3d, at 73–74. It nonetheless declined to interpret §1514A the same way, because, in its view, "important differences" separate the two provisions. First, unlike §1514A, §42121 contains a definition of "contractor": "a company that performs safety-sensitive functions by contract for an air carrier." 49 U. S. C. §42121(e). Second, unlike §1514A, §42121 does not include "officers" or "employees" among governed actors. 670 F. 3d, at 74. These distinctions, the Court of Appeals reasoned, render §1514A less amenable to an inclusive construction of the protected class. Ibid. 22 We do not find these textual differences overwhelming. True, Congress strayed from §42121's pattern in failing to define "contractor" for purposes of §1514A, and in adding "officers" and "employees" to §1514A's list of governed actors. And we agree that §1514A covers a far wider range than §42121 does. But in our view, neither difference warrants the determination that §1514A omits employees of contractors while §42121 includes them. The provisions' parallel text and purposes counsel in favor of interpreting the two provisions consistently. And we have already canvassed the many reasons why §1514A is most sensibly read to protect employees of contractors. See supra, at 9–22. * * * For the reasons stated, we hold that 18 U. S. C. §1514A whistleblower protection extends to employees of contractors and subcontractors. The judgment of the U. S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit is therefore reversed, and the case is remanded for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. 1 Title VIII of the Act, which contains the whistleblower protection provision at issue in this case, was authored by Senators Leahy and Grassley and originally constituted a discrete bill, S. 2010. We thus look to the Senate Report for S. 2010, S. Rep. No. 107–146, as the Senate Report relevant here. See 148 Cong. Rec. S7418 (daily ed. July 26, 2002) (statement of Sen. Leahy) ("unanimous consent" to "includ[e] in the Congressional Record as part of the official legisl

[ 22874, 362, 29892, 4958, 29892, 5855, 29892, 470, 28091, 310, 5703, 358, 29908, 363, 3033, 6751, 297, 6364, 6354, 467, 29871, 29896, 29929, 13, 13438, 29871, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 756, 1063, 1303, 304, 12566, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 10664, 491, 278, 25161, 29889, 450, 9033, 29933, 756, 5718, 2705, 6787, 287, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 304, 4612, 8078, 272, 22873, 29889, 382, 29889, 29887, 1696, 24056, 325, 29889, 23740, 13939, 15967, 29892, 9033, 29933, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29900, 29955, 29994, 29896, 29896, 29947, 2992, 1696, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29953, 29994, 29909, 8193, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29906, 29892, 6499, 29889, 29871, 29929, 29994, 29896, 29896, 313, 29967, 1540, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29929, 416, 3938, 384, 325, 29889, 5701, 1725, 5593, 3159, 29915, 29880, 29892, 9266, 1696, 9033, 29933, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29900, 29906, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29947, 29892, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29896, 29994, 29909, 8193, 29994, 29941, 29892, 282, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29941, 313, 26626, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29946, 467, 29871, 29906, 29900, 1126, 360, 5607, 29915, 29879, 1072, 8250, 9332, 292, 445, 19854, 310, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 2635, 1250, 304, 3786, 29871, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29892, 1434, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 471, 427, 627, 287, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29955, 17972, 29889, 2169, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29946, 29945, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29946, 29945, 29955, 29994, 29896, 29945, 29946, 29945, 29947, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 467, 450, 18148, 13969, 363, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 11286, 445, 5183, 29892, 24232, 393, 278, 3185, 376, 16123, 680, 29961, 29879, 29962, 22873, 310, 4799, 9012, 29892, 322, 22873, 310, 4799, 1220, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29892, 411, 1002, 329, 706, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 1213, 317, 29889, 10088, 29889, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29945, 29994, 29906, 29955, 29947, 29892, 282, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29906, 313, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29947, 467, 29871, 29906, 29896, 13, 1576, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 14831, 393, 11559, 4464, 839, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 373, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29892, 322, 393, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 756, 1063, 11098, 304, 12566, 8078, 272, 22873, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29955, 29900, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29892, 472, 29871, 29955, 29941, 29994, 29955, 29946, 29889, 739, 1661, 621, 6393, 4845, 1312, 304, 6613, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 278, 1021, 982, 29892, 1363, 29892, 297, 967, 1776, 29892, 376, 17001, 12651, 29908, 5004, 278, 1023, 1326, 12112, 29889, 3824, 29892, 25531, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 3743, 263, 5023, 310, 376, 1285, 28891, 1115, 376, 29874, 5001, 393, 23233, 15332, 29899, 23149, 3321, 3168, 491, 8078, 363, 385, 4799, 1559, 4336, 1213, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29872, 467, 6440, 29892, 25531, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 947, 451, 3160, 376, 29877, 2416, 414, 29908, 470, 376, 3451, 2376, 12712, 29908, 4249, 4095, 287, 29701, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29955, 29900, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29892, 472, 29871, 29955, 29946, 29889, 4525, 1320, 262, 1953, 29892, 278, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 2769, 287, 29892, 4050, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 3109, 626, 12007, 304, 385, 20978, 573, 7632, 310, 278, 6364, 770, 29889, 306, 23883, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29906, 13, 4806, 437, 451, 1284, 1438, 1426, 950, 12651, 975, 1332, 295, 4056, 29889, 5852, 29892, 11559, 380, 25724, 515, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 4766, 297, 17581, 304, 4529, 376, 1285, 28891, 29908, 363, 11976, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 322, 297, 4417, 376, 29877, 2416, 414, 29908, 322, 376, 3451, 2376, 12712, 29908, 304, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 1051, 310, 4095, 287, 29701, 29889, 1126, 591, 8661, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 18469, 263, 2215, 25734, 3464, 1135, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 947, 29889, 1205, 297, 1749, 1776, 29892, 9561, 4328, 1370, 29878, 1934, 278, 3683, 3381, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 2703, 1169, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 1550, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 7805, 963, 29889, 450, 1326, 12112, 29915, 8943, 1426, 322, 11976, 2613, 2838, 297, 7853, 310, 5133, 1259, 278, 1023, 1326, 12112, 5718, 2705, 29889, 1126, 591, 505, 2307, 508, 29894, 465, 287, 278, 1784, 9590, 2020, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 1556, 4771, 14981, 1303, 304, 12566, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 29889, 2823, 13159, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29929, 29994, 29906, 29906, 29889, 13, 29930, 30363, 29930, 30363, 29930, 13, 2831, 278, 9590, 8703, 29892, 591, 4808, 393, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 4988, 304, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29889, 450, 24284, 310, 278, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 363, 278, 3824, 12594, 3121, 338, 5480, 18764, 287, 29892, 322, 278, 1206, 338, 1083, 392, 287, 363, 4340, 8469, 886, 13747, 411, 445, 9426, 29889, 13, 29896, 18527, 15682, 310, 278, 3185, 29892, 607, 3743, 278, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 25161, 472, 2228, 297, 445, 1206, 29892, 471, 4148, 287, 491, 5811, 4097, 951, 801, 29891, 322, 1632, 465, 2330, 322, 10437, 20016, 3860, 263, 19554, 11118, 29892, 317, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29889, 1334, 4550, 1106, 304, 278, 18148, 13969, 363, 317, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29892, 317, 29889, 10088, 29889, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29994, 29896, 29946, 29953, 29892, 408, 278, 18148, 13969, 8018, 1244, 29889, 2823, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29947, 6005, 29889, 3599, 29889, 317, 29955, 29946, 29896, 29947, 313, 29881, 8683, 1226, 29889, 5468, 29871, 29906, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29897, 313, 20788, 310, 5811, 29889, 951, 801, 29891, 29897, 4852, 348, 11576, 681, 20218, 29908, 304, 376, 11707, 29961, 29872, 29962, 297, 278, 6005, 29878, 15750, 14164, 408, 760, 310, 278, 6221, 13332 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.386428

1.0804

-0.379933

-0.005945

ative history" of Sarbanes-Oxley that Title VIII's "terms track almost exactly the provisions of S. 2010, introduced by Senator Leahy and reported unanimously from the Committee on the Judiciary"). 2 As discussed infra, at 24–26, Congress amended §1514A in 2010 to extend whistleblower coverage to employees of public companies' subsidiaries and nationally recognized statistical ratings organizations. 124Stat. 1848. Plaintiffs do not fall in either category and, in any event, their claims are governed by the prior version of §1514A. Unless otherwise noted, all citations to §1514A are to the original text in the 2006 edition of the United States Code. 3 Here, as just noted, the public company has no employees. See supra, at 2. 4 As §1514A treats contractors and subcontractors identically, we generally refer simply to "contractors" without distinguishing between the two. 5 The whistleblower in Spinner was an employee of an accounting firm that provided auditing, consulting, and Sarbanes-Oxley compliance services to a public company. 6 The dissent maintains that the ARB's interpretation of §1514A is not entitled to deference because, "if any agency has the authority to resolve ambiguities in §1514A with the force of law, it is the SEC, not the Department of Labor." Post, at 18. Because we agree with the ARB's conclusion that §1514A affords protection to a contractor's employees, we need not decide what weight that conclusion should carry. We note, however, that the SEC apparently does not share the dissent's view that it, rather than DOL, has interpretive authority over §1514A. To the contrary, the SEC is a signatory to the Government's brief in this case, which takes the position that Congress has charged the Secretary of Labor with interpreting §1514A. Brief for United States as Amicus Curiae 9–11, 31–34. That view is hardly surprising given the lead role played by DOL in administering whistleblower statutes. See supra, at 5. The dissent observes that the SEC "hasnot issued a regulation applying §1514A whistleblower protection to employees of public company contractors," post, at 18, but omits to inform that the SEC has not promulgated any regulations interpreting §1514A, consistent with its view that Congress delegated that responsibility to DOL. 7 We need not decide in this case whether §1514A also prohibits a contractor from retaliating against an employee of one of the other actors governed by the provision. 8 This hypothetical originates in a Seventh Circuit opinion, Fleszar v. United States Dept. of Labor, 598 F. 3d 912, 915 (2010), and is mentioned in a footnote in the First Circuit's opinion in this case, 670 F. 3d 61, 69, n. 11 (2012). 9 When asked during oral argument for an example of actual circumstances in which a contractor would have employment decisionmak-ing authority over public company employees, FMR's counsel cited Kalkunte v. DVI Financial Servs., Inc., No. 05–139 etc., ALJ No. 2004–SOX–056 (Feb. 27, 2009). Tr. of Oral Arg. 33. That case involved a bankrupt public company that hired a private company to handle its dissolution. The ARB found the private company liable under §1514A because it acted as a "contractor, subcontractor, or agent" of the public company in discharging the claimant. ALJ No. 2004–SOX–056, at 10 (emphasis added). Neither FMR nor its amici have pointed us to any actual situation in which a public company employee would be vulnerable to retaliatory conduct by a contractor not already covered as an "agent" under §1514A. Notably, even in Tides v. The Boeing

[ 1230, 4955, 29908, 310, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 393, 18527, 15682, 29915, 29879, 376, 357, 1516, 5702, 4359, 3721, 278, 1326, 12112, 310, 317, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29892, 9129, 491, 27623, 951, 801, 29891, 322, 8967, 443, 11576, 5794, 515, 278, 12930, 373, 278, 8660, 1654, 653, 2564, 13, 29906, 1094, 15648, 3041, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29946, 29994, 29906, 29953, 29892, 11559, 626, 2760, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 304, 10985, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 23746, 304, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 29915, 11684, 8819, 4314, 322, 5233, 635, 14831, 24148, 26838, 25700, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29946, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29946, 29947, 29889, 13494, 524, 28324, 437, 451, 6416, 297, 2845, 7663, 322, 29892, 297, 738, 1741, 29892, 1009, 16726, 526, 4095, 287, 491, 278, 7536, 1873, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 25870, 6467, 11682, 29892, 599, 7537, 800, 304, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 526, 304, 278, 2441, 1426, 297, 278, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29953, 12203, 310, 278, 3303, 3900, 5920, 29889, 13, 29941, 2266, 29892, 408, 925, 11682, 29892, 278, 970, 5001, 756, 694, 22873, 29889, 2823, 13159, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29889, 13, 29946, 1094, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 2578, 1446, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 2893, 1711, 29892, 591, 6892, 2737, 3763, 304, 376, 1285, 1461, 943, 29908, 1728, 10121, 14424, 1546, 278, 1023, 29889, 13, 29945, 450, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 297, 1706, 3993, 471, 385, 19001, 310, 385, 3633, 292, 9226, 393, 4944, 12990, 11407, 29892, 8799, 292, 29892, 322, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 752, 13036, 5786, 304, 263, 970, 5001, 29889, 13, 29953, 450, 16317, 296, 7344, 29879, 393, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 19854, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 451, 23437, 304, 316, 1659, 1363, 29892, 376, 361, 738, 946, 3819, 756, 278, 14329, 304, 8814, 22363, 1907, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 411, 278, 4889, 310, 4307, 29892, 372, 338, 278, 3725, 29907, 29892, 451, 278, 10317, 310, 16715, 1213, 4918, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29889, 7311, 591, 8661, 411, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 15997, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 2756, 4339, 13047, 304, 263, 8078, 272, 29915, 29879, 22873, 29892, 591, 817, 451, 11097, 825, 7688, 393, 15997, 881, 8677, 29889, 1334, 4443, 29892, 3138, 29892, 393, 278, 3725, 29907, 13229, 947, 451, 6232, 278, 16317, 296, 29915, 29879, 1776, 393, 372, 29892, 3265, 1135, 360, 5607, 29892, 756, 6613, 573, 14329, 975, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 1763, 278, 21138, 29892, 278, 3725, 29907, 338, 263, 1804, 7606, 304, 278, 10354, 29915, 29879, 11473, 297, 445, 1206, 29892, 607, 4893, 278, 2602, 393, 11559, 756, 20139, 278, 17719, 310, 16715, 411, 5133, 1259, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 1771, 2575, 363, 3303, 3900, 408, 1913, 12473, 10837, 23395, 29871, 29929, 29994, 29896, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29941, 29896, 29994, 29941, 29946, 29889, 2193, 1776, 338, 15155, 26800, 2183, 278, 3275, 6297, 5318, 491, 360, 5607, 297, 4113, 1531, 292, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 1002, 2667, 29889, 2823, 13159, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29945, 29889, 450, 16317, 296, 5366, 1960, 393, 278, 3725, 29907, 376, 5349, 1333, 16610, 263, 1072, 2785, 15399, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 304, 22873, 310, 970, 5001, 8078, 943, 1699, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29892, 541, 2703, 1169, 304, 1871, 393, 278, 3725, 29907, 756, 451, 2504, 352, 29887, 630, 738, 1072, 8250, 5133, 1259, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 13747, 411, 967, 1776, 393, 11559, 16000, 630, 393, 23134, 304, 360, 5607, 29889, 13, 29955, 1334, 817, 451, 11097, 297, 445, 1206, 3692, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 884, 21460, 1169, 263, 8078, 272, 515, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 385, 19001, 310, 697, 310, 278, 916, 29701, 4095, 287, 491, 278, 25161, 29889, 13, 29947, 910, 13752, 300, 936, 3978, 1078, 297, 263, 922, 794, 29882, 12594, 3121, 9426, 29892, 383, 793, 26687, 325, 29889, 3303, 3900, 897, 415, 29889, 310, 16715, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29929, 29947, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29871, 29929, 29896, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29929, 29896, 29945, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 511, 322, 338, 5276, 297, 263, 3661, 6812, 297, 278, 3824, 12594, 3121, 29915, 29879, 9426, 297, 445, 1206, 29892, 29871, 29953, 29955, 29900, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29871, 29953, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29953, 29929, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29896, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 467, 13, 29929, 1932, 4433, 2645, 470, 284, 2980, 363, 385, 1342, 310, 3935, 14209, 297, 607, 263, 8078, 272, 723, 505, 5703, 358, 10608, 29885, 557, 29899, 292, 14329, 975, 970, 5001, 22873, 29892, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 2613, 2838, 274, 1573, 476, 2235, 17316, 325, 29889, 360, 18118, 4231, 273, 1455, 1816, 4270, 1696, 9266, 1696, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29900, 29945, 29994, 29896, 29941, 29929, 2992, 1696, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29946, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29945, 29953, 313, 29943, 774, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29929, 467, 1605, 29889, 310, 1394, 284, 11842, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29941, 29889, 2193, 1206, 9701, 263, 9124, 6685, 970, 5001, 393, 298, 2859, 263, 2024, 5001, 304, 4386, 967, 23556, 918, 29889, 450, 9033, 29933, 1476, 278, 2024, 5001, 619, 519, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 1363, 372, 27320, 408, 263, 376, 1285, 28891, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 470, 10823, 29908, 310, 278, 970, 5001, 297, 766, 25389, 292, 278, 5995, 424, 29889, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29946, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29945, 29953, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 313, 7278, 25101, 2715, 467, 2448, 2121, 20499, 29934, 3643, 967, 626, 1654, 505, 11520, 502, 304, 738, 3935, 6434, 297, 607, 263, 970, 5001, 19001, 723, 367, 23180, 519, 304, 3240, 2606, 7606, 7512, 491, 263, 8078, 272, 451, 2307, 10664, 408, 385, 376, 14748, 29908, 1090, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 2216, 2197, 29892, 1584, 297, 323, 2247, 325, 29889, 450, 1952, 22430 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.533828

1.355531

0.132816

-0.103973

Co., 644 F. 3d 809 (CA9 2011), the case cited by the dissent for the proposition that contractors may possess "managerial authority" over public company employees, post, at 10, the alleged retaliation was by the public company itself. 10 The dissent suggests that we "fai[l] to recognize" that its construction also makes contractors primarily liable for retaliating of their own volition against employees of public companies. Post, at 10, n. 6. As explained supra, at 11–12, n. 9, however, FMR and its supporters have identified not even one real-world instance of a public company employee asserting a §1514A claim alleging retaliatory conduct by a contractor. Again, no "gaping hole," practically no hole at all. 11 The ARB endorsed this view in Spinner v. David Landau & Assoc., LLC, No. 10–111 etc., ALJ No. 2010–SOX–029, p. 8 (May 31, 2012). We have no occasion to determine whether the ARB would be entitled to deference in this regard, for, as explained in text, we find that the statutory text unambiguously affords protection to personal employees of public company officers and employees. §1514A(a). 12 AIR 21's anti-retaliation provision, on which §1514A is based, includes a similarly composed heading, "Discrimination against airline employees." 49 U. S. C. §42121(a). Nevertheless, that provision has been read to cover employees of companies rendering contract services to airlines. See infra, at 27–29. 13 FMR urges that the Senate Report's references to "employees of publicly traded companies" demonstrate that Congress wanted to limit whistleblower protection to such employees. Brief for Respondents 30–31. This argument fails for the same reason that FMR's reliance on the statutory section headings fails: "employees of publicly traded companies" must be understood as shorthand not designed to capture every employee covered by §1514A. See supra, at 15–16. Senator Sarbanes' statement, cited in the concurring opinion, post, at 2, is similarly imprecise. The Act indisputably covers private accounting firms and law firms that provide services to public companies. See, e.g., 15 U. S. C. §§7215, 7245. Indeed, Senator Sarbanes acknowledged this point in his very next sentence. See 148 Cong. Rec. 14440 (2002) (remarks of Sen. Sarbanes) ("This legislation prohibits accounting firms from providing certain specified consulting services if they are also the auditors of the company."). 14 The dissent suggests that the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board's and the SEC's authority to sanction unprofessional conduct by accountants and lawyers, respectively, "could well provide" a disincentive to retaliate against other accountants and lawyers. See post, at 15. The possibility of such sanctions, however, is cold comfort to the accountant or lawyer who loses her job in retaliation for her efforts to comply with the Act's requirements if, as the dissent would have it, §1514A does not enable her to seek reinstatement or backpay. 15 Although the dissent suggests that the ARB had not provided "definitive clarification" on the issue prior to Spinner, post at 14, the ARB "repeatedly interpreted [§1514A] as affording whistleblower protection to employees of [private] contractors" before Spinner. See Spinner, No. 10–111 etc., ALJ No. 2010–SOX–029, p. 5 (citing prior decisions). 16 We can easily dismiss FMR's invocation of a failed bill from 2004, the Mutual Fund Reform Act, S. 2059, 108th Cong., 2d Sess., §116(b), which

[ 3189, 1696, 29871, 29953, 29946, 29946, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29929, 313, 5454, 29929, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29896, 511, 278, 1206, 274, 1573, 491, 278, 16317, 296, 363, 278, 26619, 393, 8078, 943, 1122, 22592, 376, 12847, 616, 14329, 29908, 975, 970, 5001, 22873, 29892, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29892, 278, 16831, 287, 3240, 2606, 362, 471, 491, 278, 970, 5001, 3528, 29889, 13, 29896, 29900, 450, 16317, 296, 14661, 393, 591, 376, 29888, 1794, 29961, 29880, 29962, 304, 18720, 29908, 393, 967, 7632, 884, 3732, 8078, 943, 19434, 619, 519, 363, 3240, 2606, 1218, 310, 1009, 1914, 1700, 654, 2750, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 29889, 4918, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29889, 1094, 10824, 13159, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29994, 29896, 29906, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29929, 29892, 3138, 29892, 20499, 29934, 322, 967, 1462, 272, 2153, 505, 15659, 451, 1584, 697, 1855, 29899, 11526, 2777, 310, 263, 970, 5001, 19001, 408, 643, 1259, 263, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 5995, 16831, 292, 3240, 2606, 7606, 7512, 491, 263, 8078, 272, 29889, 11454, 29892, 694, 376, 29887, 21430, 16188, 1699, 4120, 1711, 694, 16188, 472, 599, 29889, 13, 29896, 29896, 450, 9033, 29933, 1095, 943, 287, 445, 1776, 297, 1706, 3993, 325, 29889, 4699, 3172, 585, 669, 4007, 542, 1696, 365, 12182, 29892, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29994, 29896, 29896, 29896, 2992, 1696, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29929, 29892, 282, 29889, 29871, 29947, 313, 12703, 29871, 29941, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 467, 1334, 505, 694, 10039, 304, 8161, 3692, 278, 9033, 29933, 723, 367, 23437, 304, 316, 1659, 297, 445, 4880, 29892, 363, 29892, 408, 10824, 297, 1426, 29892, 591, 1284, 393, 278, 1002, 329, 706, 1426, 443, 14727, 5794, 2756, 4339, 13047, 304, 7333, 22873, 310, 970, 5001, 13049, 322, 22873, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 467, 13, 29896, 29906, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 9418, 29899, 2267, 2606, 362, 25161, 29892, 373, 607, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 2729, 29892, 7805, 263, 22829, 13725, 28435, 29892, 376, 4205, 29883, 5632, 3381, 2750, 4799, 1220, 22873, 1213, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29874, 467, 25678, 29892, 393, 25161, 756, 1063, 1303, 304, 4612, 22873, 310, 14582, 15061, 8078, 5786, 304, 4799, 9012, 29889, 2823, 3041, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29994, 29906, 29929, 29889, 13, 29896, 29941, 20499, 29934, 5065, 2710, 393, 278, 18148, 13969, 29915, 29879, 9282, 304, 376, 3451, 2376, 12712, 310, 970, 368, 3534, 287, 14582, 29908, 22222, 393, 11559, 5131, 304, 4046, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 304, 1316, 22873, 29889, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29994, 29941, 29896, 29889, 910, 2980, 8465, 363, 278, 1021, 2769, 393, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 12536, 749, 373, 278, 1002, 329, 706, 4004, 2343, 886, 8465, 29901, 376, 3451, 2376, 12712, 310, 970, 368, 3534, 287, 14582, 29908, 1818, 367, 11098, 408, 528, 2072, 392, 451, 8688, 304, 10446, 1432, 19001, 10664, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 2823, 13159, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29994, 29896, 29953, 29889, 27623, 7745, 2571, 267, 29915, 3229, 29892, 274, 1573, 297, 278, 3022, 1038, 292, 9426, 29892, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29892, 338, 22829, 527, 17990, 895, 29889, 450, 3185, 1399, 275, 649, 2197, 18469, 2024, 3633, 292, 13734, 1516, 322, 4307, 13734, 1516, 393, 3867, 5786, 304, 970, 14582, 29889, 2823, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 30152, 29955, 29906, 29896, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29955, 29906, 29946, 29945, 29889, 14598, 29892, 27623, 7745, 2571, 267, 24084, 3192, 445, 1298, 297, 670, 1407, 2446, 10541, 29889, 2823, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29947, 6005, 29889, 3599, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29946, 29946, 29900, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29897, 313, 1745, 17862, 310, 5811, 29889, 7745, 2571, 267, 29897, 4852, 4013, 13332, 362, 21460, 1169, 3633, 292, 13734, 1516, 515, 13138, 3058, 6790, 8799, 292, 5786, 565, 896, 526, 884, 278, 12990, 17259, 310, 278, 5001, 1213, 467, 13, 29896, 29946, 450, 16317, 296, 14661, 393, 278, 5236, 6938, 16535, 292, 438, 874, 523, 12590, 29915, 29879, 322, 278, 3725, 29907, 29915, 29879, 14329, 304, 9753, 428, 443, 23221, 15750, 7512, 491, 3633, 1934, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 29892, 8307, 29892, 376, 26680, 1532, 3867, 29908, 263, 766, 262, 1760, 573, 304, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 916, 3633, 1934, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 29889, 2823, 1400, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29889, 450, 13331, 310, 1316, 9753, 1953, 29892, 3138, 29892, 338, 11220, 13016, 304, 278, 3633, 424, 470, 25008, 1058, 1232, 267, 902, 4982, 297, 3240, 2606, 362, 363, 902, 14231, 304, 752, 368, 411, 278, 3185, 29915, 29879, 11780, 565, 29892, 408, 278, 16317, 296, 723, 505, 372, 29892, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 947, 451, 9025, 902, 304, 16508, 337, 2611, 271, 882, 470, 1250, 10472, 29889, 13, 29896, 29945, 8512, 278, 16317, 296, 14661, 393, 278, 9033, 29933, 750, 451, 4944, 376, 1753, 2344, 573, 7542, 2450, 29908, 373, 278, 2228, 7536, 304, 1706, 3993, 29892, 1400, 472, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 278, 9033, 29933, 376, 276, 412, 630, 368, 21551, 518, 30152, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29962, 408, 2756, 3278, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 304, 22873, 310, 518, 9053, 29962, 8078, 943, 29908, 1434, 1706, 3993, 29889, 2823, 1706, 3993, 29892, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29994, 29896, 29896, 29896, 2992, 1696, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29929, 29892, 282, 29889, 29871, 29945, 313, 29883, 11407, 7536, 1602, 12112, 467, 13, 29896, 29953, 1334, 508, 5948, 18918, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 2437, 10610, 310, 263, 5229, 11118, 515, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29946, 29892, 278, 20749, 950, 13249, 23933, 3185, 29892, 317, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29945, 29929, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29947, 386, 6005, 1696, 29871, 29906, 29881, 317, 404, 1696, 16683, 29896, 29896, 29953, 29898, 29890, 511, 607 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.500205

1.26209

-0.302937

-0.307618

would have amended §1514A explicitly to cover employees of investment advisers and affiliates. Brief for Respondents 34–35. "[F]ailed legislative proposals are a particularly dangerous ground on which to rest an interpretation of a prior statute." United States v. Craft, 535 U. S. 274, 287 (2002) (internal quotation marks omitted). Where, as here, the proposed amendment amounted to six lines in a 51-page bill that died without any committee action, its failure is scarcely relevant to Congress' intentions regarding a different bill enacted two years earlier. 17 FMR acknowledges that plaintiffs' claims could have proceeded under Dodd-Frank, but for the date of enactment. Brief for Respondents 43. 18 Section 1107 of the Act is of similar breadth, declaring it a criminal offense to "tak[e] any action harmful to any person, including interference with the lawful employment or livelihood of any person, for providing to a law enforcement officer any truthful information relating to the commission or possible commission of any Federal offense." 18 U. S. C. §1513(e). 19 For other provisions borrowing from AIR 21, see 49 U. S. C. §20109, governing rail carriers, which incorporates AIR 21's enforcement procedures, and §31105, governing motor carriers, which incorporates AIR 21's proof burdens. 20 The ARB has also interpreted similarly worded whistleblower protection provisions in the Pipeline Safety Improvement Act of 2002, 49 U. S. C. §60129(a), and the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974, 42 U. S. C. §5851(a), as protecting employees of contractors. See Rocha v. AHR Utility Corp., ARB No. 07–112, ALJ No. 2006–PSI–001 etc., p. 2 (June 25, 2009); Robinson v. Triconex Corp., ARB No. 10–013, ALJ No. 2006–ERA–031, pp. 8–9 (Mar. 28, 2012). 21 FMR protests that there is no court of appeals precedent on point, Brief for Respondents 24, n. 6, but the courts of appeals are not, of course, the only lodestar for determining whether a proposition of law is plainly established. 22 The dissent suggests the provisions' headings are also distinguishable because §42121's title—"Protection of employees providing air safety information"—"comfortably encompasses the employees of contractors." Post, at 8. The dissent omits, however, the subsection heading directly following the title: "Discrimination against airline employees." §42121(a). Justice Scalia, with whom Justice Thomas joins, concurring in principal part and concurring in the judgment. I agree with the Court's conclusion that 18 U. S. C. §1514A protects employees of private contractors from retaliation when they report covered forms of fraud. As the Court carefully demonstrates, that conclusion logically flows from §1514A's text and broader context. I therefore join the Court's opinion in principal part. I do not endorse, however, the Court's occasional excursions beyond the interpretative terra firma of text and context, into the swamps of legislative history. Reliance on legislative history rests upon several frail premises. First, and most important: That the statute means what Congress intended. It does not. Because we are a govern-ment of laws, not of men, and are governed by what Congress enacted rather than by what it intended, the sole object of the interpretative enterprise is to determine what a law says. Second: That there was a congressional "intent" apart from that reflected in the enacted text. On most issues of detail that come before this Court, I am confident that the majority of Senators and Representatives had no views whatever

[ 723, 505, 626, 2760, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 9479, 304, 4612, 22873, 310, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 322, 23736, 1078, 29889, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29941, 29946, 29994, 29941, 29945, 29889, 14704, 29943, 29962, 29874, 2356, 13332, 1230, 9551, 1338, 526, 263, 10734, 18215, 5962, 373, 607, 304, 1791, 385, 19854, 310, 263, 7536, 1002, 1082, 1213, 3303, 3900, 325, 29889, 315, 4154, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29941, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29947, 29955, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29897, 313, 7564, 13911, 362, 17997, 25811, 467, 6804, 29892, 408, 1244, 29892, 278, 7972, 626, 355, 358, 5253, 287, 304, 4832, 3454, 297, 263, 29871, 29945, 29896, 29899, 3488, 11118, 393, 6423, 1728, 738, 21118, 3158, 29892, 967, 10672, 338, 20558, 8018, 304, 11559, 29915, 7609, 1080, 11211, 263, 1422, 11118, 427, 627, 287, 1023, 2440, 8859, 29889, 13, 29896, 29955, 20499, 29934, 24084, 2710, 393, 2174, 524, 28324, 29915, 16726, 1033, 505, 24825, 1090, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 29892, 541, 363, 278, 2635, 310, 427, 627, 358, 29889, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29946, 29941, 29889, 13, 29896, 29947, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29900, 29955, 310, 278, 3185, 338, 310, 2788, 18423, 386, 29892, 25136, 372, 263, 22161, 1283, 1947, 304, 376, 29873, 557, 29961, 29872, 29962, 738, 3158, 10311, 1319, 304, 738, 2022, 29892, 3704, 1006, 1659, 411, 278, 4307, 1319, 5703, 358, 470, 7294, 22342, 310, 738, 2022, 29892, 363, 13138, 304, 263, 4307, 24555, 13561, 12139, 738, 8760, 1319, 2472, 1104, 1218, 304, 278, 12969, 470, 1950, 12969, 310, 738, 14879, 1283, 1947, 1213, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29941, 29898, 29872, 467, 13, 29896, 29929, 1152, 916, 1326, 12112, 27942, 292, 515, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29892, 1074, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29929, 29892, 14765, 1076, 8367, 19638, 414, 29892, 607, 11039, 1078, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 24555, 13561, 28648, 29892, 322, 16683, 29941, 29896, 29896, 29900, 29945, 29892, 14765, 1076, 10992, 19638, 414, 29892, 607, 11039, 1078, 319, 8193, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 5296, 6866, 21518, 29889, 13, 29906, 29900, 450, 9033, 29933, 756, 884, 21551, 22829, 1734, 287, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 1326, 12112, 297, 278, 349, 23828, 14795, 3305, 1954, 16123, 882, 3185, 310, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29953, 29900, 29896, 29906, 29929, 29898, 29874, 511, 322, 278, 24836, 830, 6388, 2133, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29906, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29945, 29947, 29945, 29896, 29898, 29874, 511, 408, 12566, 292, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 29889, 2823, 1528, 5815, 325, 29889, 319, 20938, 22310, 537, 2994, 29886, 1696, 9033, 29933, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29900, 29955, 29994, 29896, 29896, 29906, 29892, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29953, 29994, 29925, 5425, 29994, 29900, 29900, 29896, 2992, 1696, 282, 29889, 29871, 29906, 313, 29967, 1540, 29871, 29906, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29929, 416, 22265, 325, 29889, 1605, 293, 650, 29916, 2994, 29886, 1696, 9033, 29933, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29994, 29900, 29896, 29941, 29892, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29953, 29994, 1001, 29909, 29994, 29900, 29941, 29896, 29892, 6499, 29889, 29871, 29947, 29994, 29929, 313, 7083, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29947, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 467, 13, 29906, 29896, 20499, 29934, 10021, 29879, 393, 727, 338, 694, 8973, 310, 5929, 1338, 9399, 296, 373, 1298, 29892, 1771, 2575, 363, 2538, 2818, 1237, 29871, 29906, 29946, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29892, 541, 278, 28033, 310, 5929, 1338, 526, 451, 29892, 310, 3236, 29892, 278, 871, 21896, 342, 279, 363, 3683, 2827, 3692, 263, 26619, 310, 4307, 338, 8656, 368, 7841, 29889, 13, 29906, 29906, 450, 16317, 296, 14661, 278, 1326, 12112, 29915, 2343, 886, 526, 884, 20820, 519, 1363, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29915, 29879, 3611, 30003, 29908, 1184, 371, 428, 310, 22873, 13138, 4799, 15332, 2472, 29908, 30003, 29908, 510, 3921, 2197, 427, 2388, 465, 267, 278, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 1213, 4918, 29892, 472, 29871, 29947, 29889, 450, 16317, 296, 2703, 1169, 29892, 3138, 29892, 278, 1014, 2042, 28435, 4153, 1494, 278, 3611, 29901, 376, 4205, 29883, 5632, 3381, 2750, 4799, 1220, 22873, 1213, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29874, 467, 13, 14084, 625, 317, 1052, 423, 29892, 411, 6029, 17181, 5569, 26205, 29892, 3022, 1038, 292, 297, 5882, 760, 322, 3022, 1038, 292, 297, 278, 24284, 29889, 13, 29902, 8661, 411, 278, 9245, 29915, 29879, 15997, 393, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 12566, 29879, 22873, 310, 2024, 8078, 943, 515, 3240, 2606, 362, 746, 896, 3461, 10664, 7190, 310, 5227, 566, 29889, 1094, 278, 9245, 16112, 9004, 1078, 29892, 393, 15997, 1480, 1711, 24536, 515, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 1426, 322, 2545, 1664, 3030, 29889, 306, 5480, 5988, 278, 9245, 29915, 29879, 9426, 297, 5882, 760, 29889, 13, 29902, 437, 451, 1095, 272, 344, 29892, 3138, 29892, 278, 9245, 29915, 29879, 14882, 1848, 5566, 1295, 1080, 8724, 278, 6613, 1230, 15087, 13734, 655, 310, 1426, 322, 3030, 29892, 964, 278, 2381, 15092, 310, 13332, 1230, 4955, 29889, 6376, 8837, 373, 13332, 1230, 4955, 1791, 29879, 2501, 3196, 5227, 309, 5188, 4637, 29889, 3824, 29892, 322, 1556, 4100, 29901, 2193, 278, 1002, 1082, 2794, 825, 11559, 9146, 29889, 739, 947, 451, 29889, 7311, 591, 526, 263, 4095, 29899, 358, 310, 14243, 29892, 451, 310, 1757, 29892, 322, 526, 4095, 287, 491, 825, 11559, 427, 627, 287, 3265, 1135, 491, 825, 372, 9146, 29892, 278, 14419, 1203, 310, 278, 6613, 1230, 3896, 7734, 338, 304, 8161, 825, 263, 4307, 4083, 29889, 6440, 29901, 2193, 727, 471, 263, 378, 11476, 284, 376, 14029, 29908, 12435, 515, 393, 25312, 297, 278, 427, 627, 287, 1426, 29889, 1551, 1556, 5626, 310, 9493, 393, 2041, 1434, 445, 9245, 29892, 306, 626, 24332, 393, 278, 13638, 310, 5811, 4097, 322, 28757, 750, 694, 8386, 6514 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.211687

1.288046

-0.011538

-0.072351

on how the issues should be resolved—indeed, were unaware of the issues entirely. Third: That the views expressed in a committee report or a floor statement represent those of all the Members of that House. Many of them almost certainly did not read the report or hear the statement, much less agree with it—not to mention the Members of the other House and the President who signed the bill. Since congressional "intent" apart from enacted text is fiction to begin with, courts understandably allow themselves a good deal of poetic license in defining it. Today's opinion is no exception. It cites parts of the legislative record that are consistent with its holding that §1514A covers employees of private contractors and subcontractors, but it ignores other parts that unequivocally cut in the opposite direction. For example, the following remark by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act's lead sponsor in the Senate: "[L]et me make very clear that [the Act] applies exclusively to public companies—that is, to companies registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission. It is not applicable to pr[i]v[at]e companies,[ 1 ] who make up the vast majority of companies across the country." 148 Cong. Rec. 14440 (2002) (remarks of Sen. Sarbanes). Two other minor points in the Court's opinion I do not agree with. First, I do not rely on the fact that a separate anti-retaliation provision, 49 U. S. C. §42121(a), "has been read" by an administrative tribunal to cover contractor employees. Ante, at 29. Section 1514A(b)(2), entitled "Procedure," contains cross-references to the procedural rules set forth in §42121(b), but the substantive provisions of §1514A(a) are worded quite differently from the substantive prohibition of §42121, which is contained in subsection (a)—thus making interpretation of the latter an unreliable guide to §1514A's meaning. Second, I do not agree with the Court's acceptance of the possible validity of the Government's suggestion that "§1514A protects contractor employees only to the extent that their whistleblowing relates to 'the contractor . . . fulfilling its role as a contractor for the public company.' " Ante, at 23 (quoting Tr. of Oral Arg. 18–19). Although that "limiting principl[e]," ibid., may be appealing from a policy standpoint, it has no basis whatsoever in the statute's text. So long as an employee works for one of the actors enumerated in §1514A(a) and reports a covered form of fraud in a manner identified in §1514(a)(1)–(2), the employee is protected from retaliation. For all the other reasons given by the Court, the statute's text is clear, and I would reverse the judgment of the Court of Appeals and remand the case. 1 The Congressional Record reads "provide companies," but context as well as grammar makes clear that this is a scrivener's error for "private companies." Justice Sotomayor, with whom Justice Kennedy and Justice Alito join, dissenting. Section 806 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 116Stat. 802, forbids any public company, 1 or any "officer, em-ployee, contractor, subcontractor, or agent of such company," to retaliate against "an employee" who reports a potential fraud. 18 U. S. C. §1514A(a). The Court recognizes that the core purpose of the Act is to "safeguard investors in public companies." Ante, at 1. And the Court points out that Congress entitled the whistleblower provision, "Protection for Employees of Publicly Traded Companies Who Provide Evidence of Fraud." §806, 116Stat. 802. Despite these clear markers of intent, the Court does not construe §1514A to apply only to public company employees who blow the whistle on fraud relating to their public company employers. The Court instead holds that the law encompasses any

[ 373, 920, 278, 5626, 881, 367, 11527, 30003, 25201, 287, 29892, 892, 1185, 2519, 310, 278, 5626, 9186, 29889, 18008, 29901, 2193, 278, 8386, 13384, 297, 263, 21118, 3461, 470, 263, 11904, 3229, 2755, 1906, 310, 599, 278, 341, 13415, 310, 393, 5619, 29889, 9267, 310, 963, 4359, 8959, 1258, 451, 1303, 278, 3461, 470, 8293, 278, 3229, 29892, 1568, 3109, 8661, 411, 372, 30003, 1333, 304, 3585, 278, 341, 13415, 310, 278, 916, 5619, 322, 278, 7178, 1058, 8794, 278, 11118, 29889, 13, 23036, 378, 11476, 284, 376, 14029, 29908, 12435, 515, 427, 627, 287, 1426, 338, 24159, 304, 3380, 411, 29892, 28033, 2274, 2197, 2758, 6053, 263, 1781, 5376, 310, 772, 7492, 19405, 297, 16184, 372, 29889, 20628, 29915, 29879, 9426, 338, 694, 3682, 29889, 739, 274, 3246, 5633, 310, 278, 13332, 1230, 2407, 393, 526, 13747, 411, 967, 13587, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 18469, 22873, 310, 2024, 8078, 943, 322, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29892, 541, 372, 5330, 2361, 916, 5633, 393, 1597, 339, 440, 542, 635, 5700, 297, 278, 11564, 5305, 29889, 1152, 1342, 29892, 278, 1494, 8509, 491, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 29915, 29879, 3275, 21955, 272, 297, 278, 18148, 29901, 14704, 29931, 29962, 300, 592, 1207, 1407, 2821, 393, 518, 1552, 3185, 29962, 16058, 13489, 3598, 304, 970, 14582, 30003, 5747, 338, 29892, 304, 14582, 15443, 411, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 322, 24004, 11444, 29889, 739, 338, 451, 22903, 304, 544, 29961, 29875, 29962, 29894, 29961, 271, 29962, 29872, 14582, 17094, 29871, 29896, 4514, 1058, 1207, 701, 278, 13426, 13638, 310, 14582, 4822, 278, 4234, 1213, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29947, 6005, 29889, 3599, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29946, 29946, 29900, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29897, 313, 1745, 17862, 310, 5811, 29889, 7745, 2571, 267, 467, 13, 13985, 916, 9461, 3291, 297, 278, 9245, 29915, 29879, 9426, 306, 437, 451, 8661, 411, 29889, 3824, 29892, 306, 437, 451, 19104, 373, 278, 2114, 393, 263, 5004, 9418, 29899, 2267, 2606, 362, 25161, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29874, 511, 376, 5349, 1063, 1303, 29908, 491, 385, 19185, 9434, 17507, 304, 4612, 8078, 272, 22873, 29889, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29929, 29889, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29890, 5033, 29906, 511, 23437, 376, 1184, 26600, 1699, 3743, 4891, 29899, 276, 10662, 304, 278, 6449, 3631, 6865, 731, 11483, 297, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29890, 511, 541, 278, 20446, 573, 1326, 12112, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 526, 1734, 287, 3755, 17587, 515, 278, 20446, 573, 21460, 654, 310, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29892, 607, 338, 11122, 297, 1014, 2042, 313, 29874, 29897, 30003, 386, 375, 3907, 19854, 310, 278, 7480, 385, 443, 276, 492, 519, 10754, 304, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 6593, 29889, 6440, 29892, 306, 437, 451, 8661, 411, 278, 9245, 29915, 29879, 3544, 749, 310, 278, 1950, 2854, 537, 310, 278, 10354, 29915, 29879, 8998, 393, 376, 30152, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 12566, 29879, 8078, 272, 22873, 871, 304, 278, 15834, 393, 1009, 377, 391, 19982, 677, 292, 1104, 1078, 304, 525, 1552, 8078, 272, 869, 869, 869, 6095, 5589, 292, 967, 6297, 408, 263, 8078, 272, 363, 278, 970, 5001, 6169, 376, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29941, 313, 339, 11427, 1605, 29889, 310, 1394, 284, 11842, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29994, 29896, 29929, 467, 8512, 393, 376, 2576, 11407, 2623, 572, 29961, 29872, 1402, 29908, 474, 23883, 1696, 1122, 367, 5929, 12818, 515, 263, 8898, 2317, 3149, 29892, 372, 756, 694, 8405, 825, 578, 1310, 297, 278, 1002, 1082, 29915, 29879, 1426, 29889, 1105, 1472, 408, 385, 19001, 1736, 363, 697, 310, 278, 29701, 22447, 630, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 322, 13676, 263, 10664, 883, 310, 5227, 566, 297, 263, 8214, 15659, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29896, 29897, 29994, 29898, 29906, 511, 278, 19001, 338, 6364, 515, 3240, 2606, 362, 29889, 13, 2831, 599, 278, 916, 9590, 2183, 491, 278, 9245, 29892, 278, 1002, 1082, 29915, 29879, 1426, 338, 2821, 29892, 322, 306, 723, 11837, 278, 24284, 310, 278, 9245, 310, 2401, 29872, 1338, 322, 1083, 392, 278, 1206, 29889, 13, 29896, 450, 6005, 29878, 15750, 14164, 13623, 376, 16123, 680, 14582, 1699, 541, 3030, 408, 1532, 408, 25437, 3732, 2821, 393, 445, 338, 263, 269, 20812, 759, 29915, 29879, 1059, 363, 376, 9053, 14582, 1213, 13, 14084, 625, 317, 327, 290, 388, 272, 29892, 411, 6029, 17181, 23166, 322, 17181, 838, 2049, 5988, 29892, 16317, 296, 292, 29889, 13, 13438, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29953, 310, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 310, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29953, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29906, 29892, 19752, 4841, 738, 970, 5001, 29892, 29871, 29896, 470, 738, 376, 29877, 2416, 261, 29892, 953, 29899, 29886, 10164, 29892, 8078, 272, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 470, 10823, 310, 1316, 5001, 1699, 304, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 376, 273, 19001, 29908, 1058, 13676, 263, 7037, 5227, 566, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 467, 450, 9245, 5936, 7093, 393, 278, 7136, 6437, 310, 278, 3185, 338, 304, 376, 29879, 2142, 24024, 538, 13258, 943, 297, 970, 14582, 1213, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29889, 1126, 278, 9245, 3291, 714, 393, 11559, 23437, 278, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 25161, 29892, 376, 1184, 371, 428, 363, 7361, 2376, 12712, 310, 5236, 368, 1605, 11932, 3831, 273, 583, 11644, 9133, 680, 7298, 5084, 310, 7347, 566, 1213, 16683, 29947, 29900, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29953, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29906, 29889, 19454, 1438, 2821, 29320, 310, 7609, 29892, 278, 9245, 947, 451, 378, 710, 434, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 3394, 871, 304, 970, 5001, 22873, 1058, 13031, 278, 377, 391, 280, 373, 5227, 566, 1104, 1218, 304, 1009, 970, 5001, 5703, 414, 29889, 450, 9245, 2012, 8640, 393, 278, 4307, 427, 2388, 465, 267, 738 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.165773

1.329575

-0.174722

0.276755

household employee of the millions of people who work for a public company and any employee of the hundreds of thousands of private businesses that contract to perform work for a public company. The Court's interpretation gives §1514A a stunning reach. As interpreted today, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act au-thorizes a babysitter to bring a federal case against his employer—a parent who happens to work at the local Walmart (a public company)—if the parent stops employing the babysitter after he expresses concern that the parent's teenage son may have participated in an Internet purchase fraud. And it opens the door to a cause of action against a small business that contracts to clean the local Starbucks (a public company) if an employee is demoted after reporting that another nonpublic company client has mailed the cleaning company a fraudulent invoice. Congress was of course free to create this kind of sweeping regime that subjects a multitude of individuals and private businesses to litigation over fraud reports that have no connection to, or impact on, the interests of pub-lic company shareholders. But because nothing in the text, context, or purpose of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act suggests that Congress actually wanted to do so, I respectfully dissent. Although the majority correctly starts its analysis with the statutory text, it fails to recognize that §1514A is deeply ambiguous. Three indicators of Congress' intent clearly resolve this ambiguity in favor of a narrower interpretation of §1514A: the statute's headings, the statutory context, and the absurd results that follow from the majority's interpretation. The majority begins its textual analysis by declaring that the " 'relevant syntactic elements' " of §1514A are that " ' "no . . . contractor . . . may discharge . . . an employee." ' " Ante, at 9. After " 'boiling . . . down' " the text to this formulation, the majority concludes that the "ordinary meaning of 'an employee' " is obviously "the contractor's own employee." Ibid. If that were what the statute said, the majority's decision would undoubtedly be correct. But §1514A(a) actu-ally provides that "[n]o [public] company . . . or any officer, employee, contractor, subcontractor, or agent of such company . . . may discharge, demote, suspend, threaten, harass, or in any other manner discriminate against an employee." The provision thus does not speak only (or even primarily) to "contractors." It speaks to public companies, and then includes a list of five types of representatives that companies hire to carry out their business: "officer[s], employee[s], contractor[s], subcontractor[s], [and] agent[s]." Read in full, then, the statute is ambiguous. The majority is correct that it may be read broadly, to create a cause of action both for employees of public companies and for employees of the enumerated public company representatives. But the statute can also be read more narrowly, to prohibit the public company and the listed representatives—all of whom act on the company's behalf—from retaliating against just the public company's employees. The narrower reading of the text makes particular sense when one considers the other terms in the list of com-pany representatives. The majority acknowledges that, as a matter of "gramma[r]," the scope of protected employees must be consistent with respect to all five types of com-pany representatives listed in §1514A(a). Ante, at 15. Yet the Government and petitioners readily concede that §1514A is meant to bar two of the enumerated repre-sentatives—"officer[s]" and "employee[s]"—from retaliating against other employees of the public company, as opposed to their own babysitters and housekeepers. See Brief for United States as Amicus Curiae 16 (§1514A "impose[s] personal liability on corporate officers and employees who are involved in retaliation against other employees of their employer"); Brief for Petitioners 12 (similar). The Department of Labor's Administrative Review Board (ARB) agrees. Spinner v. David Landau & Assoc., LLC, No. 10–111 etc., ALJ No

[ 22329, 19001, 310, 278, 14746, 310, 2305, 1058, 664, 363, 263, 970, 5001, 322, 738, 19001, 310, 278, 21006, 310, 17202, 310, 2024, 5381, 267, 393, 8078, 13, 517, 2189, 664, 363, 263, 970, 5001, 29889, 13, 1576, 9245, 29915, 29879, 19854, 4076, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 263, 380, 27389, 6159, 29889, 1094, 21551, 9826, 29892, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 782, 29899, 386, 272, 7093, 263, 289, 370, 952, 5171, 304, 6963, 263, 17097, 1206, 2750, 670, 5703, 261, 30003, 29874, 3847, 1058, 5930, 304, 664, 472, 278, 1887, 5260, 28402, 313, 29874, 970, 5001, 29897, 30003, 361, 278, 3847, 17726, 5703, 292, 278, 289, 370, 952, 5171, 1156, 540, 4653, 267, 5932, 393, 278, 3847, 29915, 29879, 734, 264, 482, 1487, 1122, 505, 25223, 297, 385, 4685, 20590, 5227, 566, 29889, 1126, 372, 13246, 278, 3050, 304, 263, 4556, 310, 3158, 2750, 263, 2319, 5381, 393, 8078, 29879, 304, 5941, 278, 1887, 7828, 2423, 4684, 313, 29874, 970, 5001, 29897, 565, 385, 19001, 338, 1261, 5715, 1156, 23415, 393, 1790, 1661, 3597, 5001, 3132, 756, 611, 2356, 278, 5941, 292, 5001, 263, 5227, 566, 352, 296, 297, 14917, 29889, 13, 29907, 549, 1253, 471, 310, 3236, 3889, 304, 1653, 445, 2924, 310, 7901, 26819, 22384, 393, 17800, 263, 1773, 4279, 310, 15724, 322, 2024, 5381, 267, 304, 11872, 335, 362, 975, 5227, 566, 13676, 393, 505, 694, 3957, 304, 29892, 470, 10879, 373, 29892, 278, 20017, 310, 2529, 29899, 506, 5001, 6232, 8948, 414, 29889, 1205, 1363, 3078, 297, 278, 1426, 29892, 3030, 29892, 470, 6437, 310, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 14661, 393, 11559, 2869, 5131, 304, 437, 577, 29892, 306, 3390, 3730, 16317, 296, 29889, 13, 2499, 3592, 278, 13638, 5149, 8665, 967, 7418, 411, 278, 1002, 329, 706, 1426, 29892, 372, 8465, 304, 18720, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 24344, 22363, 681, 29889, 12753, 4221, 4097, 310, 11559, 29915, 7609, 9436, 8814, 445, 22363, 537, 297, 7853, 310, 263, 17655, 307, 556, 19854, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29901, 278, 1002, 1082, 29915, 29879, 2343, 886, 29892, 278, 1002, 329, 706, 3030, 29892, 322, 278, 6425, 18245, 2582, 393, 1101, 515, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 19854, 29889, 13, 1576, 13638, 16410, 967, 1426, 950, 7418, 491, 25136, 393, 278, 376, 525, 276, 6591, 269, 3903, 17911, 3161, 29915, 376, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 526, 393, 376, 525, 376, 1217, 869, 869, 869, 8078, 272, 869, 869, 869, 1122, 766, 23367, 869, 869, 869, 385, 19001, 1213, 525, 376, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29929, 29889, 2860, 376, 525, 833, 6504, 869, 869, 869, 1623, 29915, 376, 278, 1426, 304, 445, 883, 2785, 29892, 278, 13638, 378, 27722, 393, 278, 376, 24310, 6593, 310, 525, 273, 19001, 29915, 376, 338, 12879, 376, 1552, 8078, 272, 29915, 29879, 1914, 19001, 1213, 306, 23883, 29889, 13, 3644, 393, 892, 825, 278, 1002, 1082, 1497, 29892, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 10608, 723, 563, 283, 3116, 23244, 367, 1959, 29889, 1205, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 20331, 29899, 635, 8128, 393, 14704, 29876, 29962, 29877, 518, 3597, 29962, 5001, 869, 869, 869, 470, 738, 12139, 29892, 19001, 29892, 8078, 272, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 470, 10823, 310, 1316, 5001, 869, 869, 869, 1122, 766, 23367, 29892, 1261, 866, 29892, 8872, 355, 29892, 20616, 29892, 4023, 465, 29892, 470, 297, 738, 916, 8214, 2313, 5632, 16976, 2750, 385, 19001, 1213, 450, 25161, 4550, 947, 451, 7726, 871, 313, 272, 1584, 19434, 29897, 304, 376, 1285, 1461, 943, 1213, 739, 7726, 29879, 304, 970, 14582, 29892, 322, 769, 7805, 263, 1051, 310, 5320, 4072, 310, 2755, 5056, 393, 14582, 298, 533, 304, 8677, 714, 1009, 5381, 29901, 376, 29877, 2416, 261, 29961, 29879, 1402, 19001, 29961, 29879, 1402, 8078, 272, 29961, 29879, 1402, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29961, 29879, 1402, 518, 392, 29962, 10823, 29961, 29879, 29962, 1213, 13, 6359, 297, 2989, 29892, 769, 29892, 278, 1002, 1082, 338, 22363, 681, 29889, 450, 13638, 338, 1959, 393, 372, 1122, 367, 1303, 7300, 368, 29892, 304, 1653, 263, 4556, 310, 3158, 1716, 363, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 322, 363, 22873, 310, 278, 22447, 630, 970, 5001, 2755, 5056, 29889, 1205, 278, 1002, 1082, 508, 884, 367, 1303, 901, 12474, 368, 29892, 304, 21460, 277, 278, 970, 5001, 322, 278, 9904, 2755, 5056, 30003, 497, 310, 6029, 1044, 373, 278, 5001, 29915, 29879, 2306, 3131, 30003, 3166, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 925, 278, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 22873, 29889, 13, 1576, 17655, 307, 556, 5183, 310, 278, 1426, 3732, 3153, 4060, 746, 697, 1136, 11376, 278, 916, 4958, 297, 278, 1051, 310, 419, 29899, 29886, 1384, 2755, 5056, 29889, 450, 13638, 24084, 2710, 393, 29892, 408, 263, 4383, 310, 376, 1393, 655, 29961, 29878, 1402, 29908, 278, 6874, 310, 6364, 22873, 1818, 367, 13747, 411, 3390, 304, 599, 5320, 4072, 310, 419, 29899, 29886, 1384, 2755, 5056, 9904, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 467, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29889, 15175, 278, 10354, 322, 5697, 654, 414, 28520, 27943, 29872, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 6839, 304, 2594, 1023, 310, 278, 22447, 630, 14767, 29899, 18616, 5056, 30003, 29908, 29877, 2416, 261, 29961, 29879, 18017, 322, 376, 26143, 29961, 29879, 18017, 30003, 3166, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 916, 22873, 310, 278, 970, 5001, 29892, 408, 15869, 304, 1009, 1914, 289, 370, 952, 277, 2153, 322, 3699, 17462, 414, 29889, 2823, 1771, 2575, 363, 3303, 3900, 408, 1913, 12473, 10837, 23395, 29871, 29896, 29953, 313, 30152, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 376, 326, 4220, 29961, 29879, 29962, 7333, 619, 3097, 373, 17266, 403, 13049, 322, 22873, 1058, 526, 9701, 297, 3240, 2606, 362, 2750, 916, 22873, 310, 1009, 5703, 261, 1496, 1771, 2575, 363, 5879, 654, 414, 29871, 29896, 29906, 313, 29764, 467, 450, 10317, 310, 16715, 29915, 29879, 24510, 1230, 13957, 12590, 313, 1718, 29933, 29897, 8571, 267, 29889, 1706, 3993, 325, 29889, 4699, 3172, 585, 669, 4007, 542, 1696, 365, 12182, 29892, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29994, 29896, 29896, 29896, 2992, 1696, 14445, 29967, 1939 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.257516

1.433398

-0.074189

0.562617

. 2010–SOX–029, p. 8 (May 31, 2012). And if §1514A prohibits an "officer" or "employee" of a public company from retaliating against only the public company's own employees, then as the majority points out, the same should be true "grammatically" of contractors, subcontractors, and agents as well, ante, at 15. 2 The majority responds by suggesting that the narrower interpretation could have been clearer if Congress had added the phrase " 'of a public company' after 'an em-ployee.' " Ante, at 9–10. Fair enough. But Congress could more clearly have dictated the majority's construction of the statute, too: It could have specified that public companies and their officers, employees, contractors, subcontractors, and agents may not retaliate against "their own employees." In any case, that Congress could have spoken with greater specificity in both directions only underscores that the words Congress actually chose are ambiguous. To resolve this ambiguity, we must rely on other markers of intent. We have long held that where the text is ambiguous, a statute's titles can offer "a useful aid in resolving [the] ambiguity." FTC v. Mandel Brothers, Inc., 359 U. S. 385–389 (1959). Here, two headings strongly suggest that Congress intended §1514A to apply only to employees of public companies. First, the title of §806—the section of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act that enacted §1514A—speaks clearly to the scope of employees protected by the provision: "Protection for Employees of Publicly Traded Companies Who Provide Evidence of Fraud." 116Stat. 802. Second, the heading of §1514A(a) reinforces that the provision provides "[w]histleblower protection for employees of publicly traded companies." The majority suggests that in covering "employees of publicly traded companies," the headings may be imprecise. Ante, at 16. Section 1514A(a) technically applies to the employees of two types of companies: those "with a class of securities registered under section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934," and those that are "required to file reports under section 15(d) of the" same Act. Both types of companies are "public" in that they are publicly owned. See ante, at 7–8. The difference is that shares of the §12 companies are listed and traded on a national securities exchange; §15(d) companies, by contrast, exchange their securities directly with the public. The headings may therefore be inexact in the sense that the phrase "publicly traded" is commonly associated with companies whose securities are traded on national exchanges. Congress, however, had good reason to use the phrase to refer to §15(d) companies as well: Section 15(d) companies are traded publicly, too. For instance, as the majority recognizes, ante, at 20, a mutual fund is one paradigmatic example of a §15(d) company. And mutual funds, like other §15(d) companies, are both publicly owned and widely traded; the trades just take place typically between the fund and its investors directly. In any case, even if referring to employees of §12 and §15(d) companies together as "employees of publicly traded companies" may be slightly imprecise, the majority's competing interpretation of §1514A would stretch the stat-ute's headings far past the point of recognition. As the majority understands the law, Congress used the term "employees of publicly traded companies" as shorthand not just for (1) employees of §12 and §15(d) companies, but also for (2) household employees of any individual who works for a §12 or §15(d) company; (3) employees of any private company that contracts with a §12 or §15(d) company; (4) employees of any private company that, even ifit does not contract with a public company, subcontracts with a private company that does; and (5) employees of any agent of a §12 or

[ 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29929, 29892, 282, 29889, 29871, 29947, 313, 12703, 29871, 29941, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 467, 1126, 565, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 21460, 1169, 385, 376, 29877, 2416, 261, 29908, 470, 376, 26143, 29908, 310, 263, 970, 5001, 515, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 871, 278, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 1914, 22873, 29892, 769, 408, 278, 13638, 3291, 714, 29892, 278, 1021, 881, 367, 1565, 376, 1393, 20300, 29908, 310, 8078, 943, 29892, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29892, 322, 19518, 408, 1532, 29892, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29889, 29871, 29906, 13, 1576, 13638, 10049, 29879, 491, 26233, 393, 278, 17655, 307, 556, 19854, 1033, 505, 1063, 26135, 565, 11559, 750, 2715, 278, 16549, 376, 525, 974, 263, 970, 5001, 29915, 1156, 525, 273, 953, 29899, 29886, 10164, 6169, 376, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29929, 29994, 29896, 29900, 29889, 13822, 3307, 29889, 1205, 11559, 1033, 901, 9436, 505, 9657, 630, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 7632, 310, 278, 1002, 1082, 29892, 2086, 29901, 739, 1033, 505, 6790, 393, 970, 14582, 322, 1009, 13049, 29892, 22873, 29892, 8078, 943, 29892, 1014, 1285, 1461, 943, 29892, 322, 19518, 1122, 451, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 376, 1552, 381, 1914, 22873, 1213, 512, 738, 1206, 29892, 393, 11559, 1033, 505, 19182, 411, 7621, 2702, 537, 297, 1716, 18112, 871, 23400, 29883, 2361, 393, 278, 3838, 11559, 2869, 12784, 526, 22363, 681, 29889, 1763, 8814, 445, 22363, 537, 29892, 591, 1818, 19104, 373, 916, 29320, 310, 7609, 29889, 13, 4806, 505, 1472, 4934, 393, 988, 278, 1426, 338, 22363, 681, 29892, 263, 1002, 1082, 29915, 29879, 17735, 508, 5957, 376, 29874, 5407, 16226, 297, 3770, 1747, 518, 1552, 29962, 13, 14727, 537, 1213, 383, 9472, 325, 29889, 15419, 295, 25522, 29892, 9266, 1696, 29871, 29941, 29945, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29947, 29945, 29994, 29941, 29947, 29929, 313, 29896, 29929, 29945, 29929, 467, 2266, 29892, 1023, 2343, 886, 13818, 4368, 393, 11559, 9146, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 3394, 871, 304, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 29889, 3824, 29892, 278, 3611, 310, 16683, 29947, 29900, 29953, 30003, 1552, 4004, 310, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 393, 427, 627, 287, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 30003, 5965, 10327, 9436, 304, 278, 6874, 310, 22873, 6364, 491, 278, 25161, 29901, 376, 1184, 371, 428, 363, 7361, 2376, 12712, 310, 5236, 368, 1605, 11932, 3831, 273, 583, 11644, 9133, 680, 7298, 5084, 310, 7347, 566, 1213, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29953, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29906, 29889, 6440, 29892, 278, 28435, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 15561, 1454, 778, 393, 278, 25161, 8128, 14704, 29893, 29962, 29882, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 363, 22873, 310, 970, 368, 3534, 287, 14582, 1213, 13, 1576, 13638, 14661, 393, 297, 21653, 376, 3451, 2376, 12712, 310, 970, 368, 3534, 287, 14582, 1699, 278, 2343, 886, 1122, 367, 527, 17990, 895, 29889, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29889, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 5722, 1711, 16058, 304, 278, 22873, 310, 1023, 4072, 310, 14582, 29901, 1906, 376, 2541, 263, 770, 310, 409, 2764, 1907, 15443, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29906, 310, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 24004, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 1699, 322, 1906, 393, 526, 376, 12403, 304, 934, 13676, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 310, 278, 29908, 1021, 3185, 29889, 9134, 4072, 310, 14582, 526, 376, 3597, 29908, 297, 393, 896, 526, 970, 368, 15205, 29889, 2823, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29955, 29994, 29947, 29889, 450, 4328, 338, 393, 29358, 310, 278, 16683, 29896, 29906, 14582, 526, 9904, 322, 3534, 287, 373, 263, 4797, 409, 2764, 1907, 14523, 29936, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 14582, 29892, 491, 12814, 29892, 14523, 1009, 409, 2764, 1907, 4153, 411, 278, 970, 29889, 450, 2343, 886, 1122, 5480, 367, 297, 735, 627, 297, 278, 4060, 393, 278, 16549, 376, 3597, 368, 3534, 287, 29908, 338, 15574, 6942, 411, 14582, 5069, 409, 2764, 1907, 526, 3534, 287, 373, 4797, 429, 25990, 29889, 11559, 29892, 3138, 29892, 750, 1781, 2769, 304, 671, 278, 16549, 304, 2737, 304, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 14582, 408, 1532, 29901, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 14582, 526, 3534, 287, 970, 368, 29892, 2086, 29889, 1152, 2777, 29892, 408, 278, 13638, 5936, 7093, 29892, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29892, 263, 5478, 950, 5220, 338, 697, 26811, 335, 29885, 2454, 1342, 310, 263, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 5001, 29889, 1126, 5478, 950, 29199, 29892, 763, 916, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 14582, 29892, 526, 1716, 970, 368, 15205, 322, 17644, 3534, 287, 29936, 278, 534, 3076, 925, 2125, 2058, 12234, 1546, 278, 5220, 322, 967, 13258, 943, 4153, 29889, 13, 797, 738, 1206, 29892, 1584, 565, 16811, 304, 22873, 310, 16683, 29896, 29906, 322, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 14582, 4208, 408, 376, 3451, 2376, 12712, 310, 970, 368, 3534, 287, 14582, 29908, 1122, 367, 10029, 527, 17990, 895, 29892, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 5100, 292, 19854, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 723, 16116, 278, 1002, 29899, 1082, 29915, 29879, 2343, 886, 2215, 4940, 278, 1298, 310, 19679, 29889, 1094, 278, 13638, 2274, 29879, 278, 4307, 29892, 11559, 1304, 278, 1840, 376, 3451, 2376, 12712, 310, 970, 368, 3534, 287, 14582, 29908, 408, 528, 2072, 392, 451, 925, 363, 313, 29896, 29897, 22873, 310, 16683, 29896, 29906, 322, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 14582, 29892, 541, 884, 363, 313, 29906, 29897, 22329, 22873, 310, 738, 5375, 1058, 1736, 363, 263, 16683, 29896, 29906, 470, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 5001, 29936, 313, 29941, 29897, 22873, 310, 738, 2024, 5001, 393, 8078, 29879, 411, 263, 16683, 29896, 29906, 470, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 5001, 29936, 313, 29946, 29897, 22873, 310, 738, 2024, 5001, 393, 29892, 1584, 565, 277, 947, 451, 8078, 411, 263, 970, 5001, 29892, 1014, 1285, 1461, 29879, 411, 263, 2024, 5001, 393, 947, 29936, 322, 313, 29945, 29897, 22873, 310, 738, 10823, 310, 263, 16683, 29896, 29906, 470 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.19029

1.324384

-0.263486

0.253988

§15(d) company. If Congress had wanted to enact such a far-reaching provision, it would have called it something other than "[w]histleblower protection for employees of publicly traded companies." Recognizing that Congress chose headings that are inconsistent with its interpretation, the majority notes that the Court has "placed less weight on captions." Ante, at 16. But where the captions favor one interpretation so decisively, their significance should not be dismissed so quickly. As we have explained, headings are important " 'tools available for the resolution of a doubt' about the meaning of a statute." Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U. S. 224, 234 (1998) . Statutory context confirms that Congress intended §1514A to apply only to employees of public companies. To start, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act as a whole evinces a clear focus on public companies. Congress stated in the Act's preamble that its objective was to "protect investors by improving the accuracy and reliability of corporate disclosures made pursuant to the securities laws," 116Stat. 745, disclosures that public companies alone must file. The Act thus created enhanced disclosure obligations for public companies, §401; added new conflict of interest rules for their executives, §402; increased the responsibilities of their audit committees, §301; and created new rules governing insider trading by their executives and directors, §306. The common denominator among all of these provisions is their singular focus on the activities of public companies. When Congress wanted to depart from the Act's public company focus to regulate private firms and their employees, it spoke clearly. For example, §307 of the Act ordered the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to issue rules "setting forth minimum standards of professional conduct for attorneys appearing and practicing before the [SEC]," including a rule requiring outside counsel to report violations of the securities laws to public company officers and directors. 15 U. S. C. §7245. Similarly, Title I of the Act created the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) and vested it with the authorityto register, regulate, investigate, and discipline privately held outside accounting firms and their employees. §§7211–7215. And Title V required the SEC to adopt rules governing outside securities analysts when they make public recommendations regarding securities. §78o–6. Section 1514A, by contrast, does not unambiguously cover the employees of private businesses that contract with public companies or the employees of individuals who work for public companies. Far from it, for the reasons noted above. Yet as the rest of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act demonstrates, if Congress had really wanted §1514A to impose liability upon broad swaths of the private sector, it would have said so more clearly. Congress' intent to adopt the narrower understanding of §1514A is also clear when the statute is compared to the whistleblower provision that served as its model. That provision, enacted as part of the Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century, 49 U. S. C. §42121, provides that "[n]o air carrier or contractor or subcontractor of an air carrier" may retaliate against an employee who reports a potential airline safety violation. Section 42121 protects employees of contractors. But as the majority acknowledges, "Congress strayed" from §42121 in significant ways when it wrote §1514A. Ante,at 29. First, §42121 specifically defines the term "con-tractor," limiting the term to "a company that performs safetysensitive functions by contract for an air carrier." §42121(e). That is in notable distinction to §1514A, which does not define the word "contractor" as a particular type of company, instead placing the term in a list alongside individual "officer[s]" and "employee[s]" who act on a company's behalf. Second, unlike §42121, §1514A sets off the

[ 16683, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 29897, 5001, 29889, 960, 11559, 750, 5131, 304, 427, 627, 1316, 263, 2215, 29899, 276, 9733, 25161, 29892, 372, 723, 505, 2000, 372, 1554, 916, 1135, 14704, 29893, 29962, 29882, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 363, 22873, 310, 970, 368, 3534, 287, 14582, 1213, 13, 23122, 5281, 393, 11559, 12784, 2343, 886, 393, 526, 22435, 9696, 411, 967, 19854, 29892, 278, 13638, 11486, 393, 278, 9245, 756, 376, 13974, 1133, 3109, 7688, 373, 5777, 1980, 1213, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29889, 1205, 988, 278, 5777, 1980, 7853, 697, 19854, 577, 22442, 3598, 29892, 1009, 26002, 881, 451, 367, 18918, 287, 577, 9098, 29889, 1094, 591, 505, 10824, 29892, 2343, 886, 526, 4100, 376, 525, 8504, 3625, 363, 278, 10104, 310, 263, 7404, 29915, 1048, 278, 6593, 310, 263, 1002, 1082, 1213, 838, 29885, 355, 598, 29920, 29899, 29911, 272, 690, 325, 29889, 3303, 3900, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29906, 29941, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29941, 29946, 313, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29947, 29897, 869, 13, 9513, 329, 706, 3030, 12388, 1516, 393, 11559, 9146, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 3394, 871, 304, 22873, 310, 970, 14582, 29889, 1763, 1369, 29892, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 408, 263, 3353, 3415, 262, 778, 263, 2821, 8569, 373, 970, 14582, 29889, 11559, 8703, 297, 278, 3185, 29915, 29879, 758, 314, 569, 393, 967, 12091, 471, 304, 376, 14676, 312, 13258, 943, 491, 4857, 1747, 278, 13600, 322, 12536, 3097, 310, 17266, 403, 766, 11291, 1973, 1754, 12359, 29884, 424, 304, 278, 409, 2764, 1907, 14243, 1699, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29953, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29946, 29945, 29892, 766, 11291, 1973, 393, 970, 14582, 7432, 1818, 934, 29889, 450, 3185, 4550, 2825, 427, 29308, 766, 25071, 10788, 800, 363, 970, 14582, 29892, 16683, 29946, 29900, 29896, 29936, 2715, 716, 14529, 310, 4066, 6865, 363, 1009, 6704, 3145, 29892, 16683, 29946, 29900, 29906, 29936, 11664, 278, 5544, 747, 9770, 310, 1009, 12990, 277, 844, 5388, 267, 29892, 16683, 29941, 29900, 29896, 29936, 322, 2825, 716, 6865, 14765, 1076, 1663, 1241, 3534, 292, 491, 1009, 6704, 3145, 322, 1513, 943, 29892, 16683, 29941, 29900, 29953, 29889, 450, 3619, 14267, 1061, 4249, 599, 310, 1438, 1326, 12112, 338, 1009, 13512, 8569, 373, 278, 14188, 310, 970, 14582, 29889, 13, 10401, 11559, 5131, 304, 5840, 515, 278, 3185, 29915, 29879, 970, 5001, 8569, 304, 1072, 5987, 2024, 13734, 1516, 322, 1009, 22873, 29892, 372, 12707, 9436, 29889, 1152, 1342, 29892, 16683, 29941, 29900, 29955, 310, 278, 3185, 10372, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 322, 24004, 11444, 313, 1660, 29907, 29897, 304, 2228, 6865, 376, 26740, 11483, 9212, 20801, 310, 10257, 7512, 363, 1098, 272, 484, 952, 21534, 322, 4120, 18499, 1434, 278, 518, 1660, 29907, 1402, 29908, 3704, 263, 5751, 26795, 5377, 2613, 2838, 304, 3461, 5537, 800, 310, 278, 409, 2764, 1907, 14243, 304, 970, 5001, 13049, 322, 1513, 943, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29906, 29946, 29945, 29889, 20175, 29892, 18527, 306, 310, 278, 3185, 2825, 278, 5236, 6938, 16535, 292, 438, 874, 523, 12590, 313, 29925, 5454, 14824, 29897, 322, 325, 2868, 372, 411, 278, 14329, 517, 6036, 29892, 1072, 5987, 29892, 23033, 29892, 322, 29822, 5999, 2486, 4934, 5377, 3633, 292, 13734, 1516, 322, 1009, 22873, 29889, 16683, 30152, 29955, 29906, 29896, 29896, 29994, 29955, 29906, 29896, 29945, 29889, 1126, 18527, 478, 3734, 278, 3725, 29907, 304, 9332, 6865, 14765, 1076, 5377, 409, 2764, 1907, 3483, 858, 29879, 746, 896, 1207, 970, 6907, 800, 11211, 409, 2764, 1907, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29947, 29877, 29994, 29953, 29889, 13, 13438, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 491, 12814, 29892, 947, 451, 443, 14727, 5794, 4612, 278, 22873, 310, 2024, 5381, 267, 393, 8078, 411, 970, 14582, 470, 278, 22873, 310, 15724, 1058, 664, 363, 970, 14582, 29889, 8413, 515, 372, 29892, 363, 278, 9590, 11682, 2038, 29889, 15175, 408, 278, 1791, 310, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 9004, 1078, 29892, 565, 11559, 750, 2289, 5131, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 2411, 852, 619, 3097, 2501, 7300, 2381, 493, 29879, 310, 278, 2024, 17535, 29892, 372, 723, 505, 1497, 577, 901, 9436, 29889, 13, 29907, 549, 1253, 29915, 7609, 304, 9332, 278, 17655, 307, 556, 8004, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 884, 2821, 746, 278, 1002, 1082, 338, 9401, 304, 278, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 25161, 393, 6766, 408, 967, 1904, 29889, 2193, 25161, 29892, 427, 627, 287, 408, 760, 310, 278, 29022, 514, 379, 29889, 14601, 319, 14641, 512, 10147, 358, 322, 23933, 3185, 363, 278, 29871, 29906, 29896, 303, 24027, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29892, 8128, 393, 14704, 29876, 29962, 29877, 4799, 1559, 4336, 470, 8078, 272, 470, 1014, 1285, 28891, 310, 385, 4799, 1559, 4336, 29908, 1122, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 385, 19001, 1058, 13676, 263, 7037, 4799, 1220, 15332, 5537, 362, 29889, 13, 13438, 29871, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 12566, 29879, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 29889, 1205, 408, 278, 13638, 24084, 2710, 29892, 376, 29907, 549, 1253, 380, 25724, 29908, 515, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 297, 7282, 5837, 746, 372, 5456, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 530, 371, 29892, 271, 29871, 29906, 29929, 29889, 3824, 29892, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 10816, 17645, 278, 1840, 376, 535, 29899, 29873, 28891, 1699, 4046, 292, 278, 1840, 304, 376, 29874, 5001, 393, 23233, 9437, 300, 952, 575, 3321, 3168, 491, 8078, 363, 385, 4799, 1559, 4336, 1213, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 29872, 467, 2193, 338, 297, 18697, 21578, 304, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 607, 947, 451, 4529, 278, 1734, 376, 1285, 28891, 29908, 408, 263, 3153, 1134, 310, 5001, 29892, 2012, 24421, 278, 1840, 297, 263, 1051, 19963, 5375, 376, 29877, 2416, 261, 29961, 29879, 18017, 322, 376, 26143, 29961, 29879, 18017, 1058, 1044, 373, 263, 5001, 29915, 29879, 2306, 3131, 29889, 6440, 29892, 25531, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29892, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 6166, 1283, 278 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.467409

1.724102

0.714717

0.861128

term "contractor" in a separate clause that is subsidiary to the primary subject of the provision—the public company itself. Third, the title of §42121 is "[p]rotection of employees providing air safety information," a title that comfortably encompasses the employees of contractors. Not so of §1514A's headings, as explained above. In short, §42121 shows that Congress had an easy-to-follow model if it wanted to protect the employees of contractors, yet chose to depart from that model in several important ways. We should not presume that choice to be accidental. See Blue Chip Stamps v. Manor Drug Stores, 421 U. S. 723, 734 (1975) . The majority relies on statutory context as well, but its examples are unconvincing. It first argues that the types of conduct prohibited by the statute—"discharge, demotion, suspension, threats, harassment, [and] discrimination in the terms and conditions of employment"—are "commonly actions an employer takes against its own employees." Ante, at 10. The problem is that §1514A does not forbid retaliation by an "employer"; it forbids retaliation by a "[public] company . . . or any officer, employee, contractor, subcontractor, or agent of such company." For the reasons already discussed, Congress could have reasonably included the five types of representatives not in their capacity as employers, but rather as representatives of the company who are barred from retaliating against a public company's employees on the company's behalf. The majority next suggests that contractors are rarely "positioned to take adverse actions against employees of the public company with whom they contract." Ante, at 10. That misconceives the nature of modern work forces, which increasingly comprise a mix of contractors and persons laboring under more typical employment relationships. For example, public companies often hire "independent contractors," of whom there are more than 10 million, 3 and contract workers, 4 of whom there are more than 11 million. 5 And they employ outside lawyers, accountants, and auditors as well. While not every person who works for a public company in these nonemployee capacities may be positioned to threaten or harass em- ployees of the public company, many are. See, e.g., Tides v. The Boeing Co., 644 F. 3d 809, 811 (CA9 2011) (noting that "approximately seventy contract auditors from [an] accounting firm" possessed "managerial authority" over the 10 Boeing employees in the company's audit division). Congress therefore had as much reason to shield a public company's employees from retaliation by the company's contractors as it had to bar retaliation by officers and employees. Otherwise, the statute would have had a gaping hole—a public company could evade §1514A simply by hiring a contractor to engage in the very retaliatory acts that an officer or employee could not. 6 The majority also too quickly dismisses the prominence of "outplacement" firms, or consultants that help companies determine whom to fire. See ante, at 11. Companies spent $3.6 billion on these services in 2009 alone. 7 Congress surely could have meant to protect public company employees against retaliation at the hands of such firms, especially in the event that the public company itself goes bankrupt (as companies engaged in fraud often do). See, e.g., Kalkunte v. DVI Financial Servs., Inc., No. 05–139 etc., ALJ No. 2004–SOX–056 (Feb. 27, 2009) (former employee of bankrupt public company permitted to bring §1514A action against corporate restructuring firm that terminated her employment). 8 The majority points next to the remedies afforded by §1514A(c), which authorizes "all relief necessary to make the employee whole," in addition to "reinstatement," "back pay," and "special damages . . . including litigation costs, expert witness fees, and reasonable attorney fees." The majority posits that Congress could not have intended to bar

[ 1840, 376, 1285, 28891, 29908, 297, 263, 5004, 11845, 393, 338, 11684, 8819, 653, 304, 278, 7601, 4967, 310, 278, 25161, 30003, 1552, 970, 5001, 3528, 29889, 18008, 29892, 278, 3611, 310, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 338, 14704, 29886, 29962, 4859, 428, 310, 22873, 13138, 4799, 15332, 2472, 1699, 263, 3611, 393, 13016, 2197, 427, 2388, 465, 267, 278, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 29889, 2216, 577, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 2343, 886, 29892, 408, 10824, 2038, 29889, 512, 3273, 29892, 16683, 29946, 29906, 29896, 29906, 29896, 3697, 393, 11559, 750, 385, 4780, 29899, 517, 29899, 23031, 1904, 565, 372, 5131, 304, 12566, 278, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 29892, 3447, 12784, 304, 5840, 515, 393, 1904, 297, 3196, 4100, 5837, 29889, 1334, 881, 451, 2225, 2017, 393, 7348, 304, 367, 11423, 284, 29889, 2823, 10924, 678, 666, 624, 15092, 325, 29889, 2315, 272, 360, 11124, 624, 2361, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29906, 29896, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29906, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29955, 29941, 29946, 313, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29945, 29897, 869, 13, 1576, 13638, 337, 3687, 373, 1002, 329, 706, 3030, 408, 1532, 29892, 541, 967, 6455, 526, 443, 535, 3845, 3277, 29889, 739, 937, 1852, 1041, 393, 278, 4072, 310, 7512, 21460, 1573, 491, 278, 1002, 1082, 30003, 29908, 29881, 783, 279, 479, 29892, 1261, 8194, 29892, 8872, 2673, 29892, 12455, 1446, 29892, 4023, 465, 358, 29892, 518, 392, 29962, 2313, 5632, 3381, 297, 278, 4958, 322, 5855, 310, 5703, 358, 29908, 30003, 598, 376, 2055, 6194, 8820, 385, 5703, 261, 4893, 2750, 967, 1914, 22873, 1213, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 450, 1108, 338, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 947, 451, 19752, 333, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 385, 376, 3451, 2376, 261, 1769, 372, 19752, 4841, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 263, 14704, 3597, 29962, 5001, 869, 869, 869, 470, 738, 12139, 29892, 19001, 29892, 8078, 272, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 470, 10823, 310, 1316, 5001, 1213, 1152, 278, 9590, 2307, 15648, 29892, 11559, 1033, 505, 2769, 2197, 5134, 278, 5320, 4072, 310, 2755, 5056, 451, 297, 1009, 13284, 408, 5703, 414, 29892, 541, 3265, 408, 2755, 5056, 310, 278, 5001, 1058, 526, 2594, 1127, 515, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 263, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 22873, 373, 278, 5001, 29915, 29879, 2306, 3131, 29889, 13, 1576, 13638, 2446, 14661, 393, 8078, 943, 526, 23703, 376, 3283, 287, 304, 2125, 594, 3901, 8820, 2750, 22873, 310, 278, 970, 5001, 411, 6029, 896, 8078, 1213, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 2193, 3984, 535, 346, 3145, 278, 5469, 310, 5400, 664, 8249, 29892, 607, 10231, 368, 7199, 895, 263, 6837, 310, 8078, 943, 322, 12407, 10212, 292, 1090, 901, 15662, 5703, 358, 21702, 29889, 1152, 1342, 29892, 970, 14582, 4049, 298, 533, 376, 262, 18980, 8078, 943, 1699, 310, 6029, 727, 526, 901, 1135, 29871, 29896, 29900, 7284, 29892, 29871, 29941, 322, 8078, 17162, 29892, 29871, 29946, 310, 6029, 727, 526, 901, 1135, 29871, 29896, 29896, 7284, 29889, 29871, 29945, 1126, 896, 5703, 5377, 4307, 29891, 414, 29892, 3633, 1934, 29892, 322, 12990, 17259, 408, 1532, 29889, 5806, 451, 1432, 2022, 1058, 1736, 363, 263, 970, 5001, 297, 1438, 1661, 26143, 11101, 1907, 1122, 367, 2602, 287, 304, 20616, 470, 4023, 465, 953, 29899, 13, 29886, 2376, 12712, 310, 278, 970, 5001, 29892, 1784, 526, 29889, 2823, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 323, 2247, 325, 29889, 450, 1952, 22430, 3189, 1696, 29871, 29953, 29946, 29946, 383, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29881, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29929, 29892, 29871, 29947, 29896, 29896, 313, 5454, 29929, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29896, 29897, 313, 1333, 292, 393, 376, 9961, 2657, 2486, 16741, 29891, 8078, 12990, 17259, 515, 518, 273, 29962, 3633, 292, 9226, 29908, 25622, 376, 12847, 616, 14329, 29908, 975, 278, 29871, 29896, 29900, 1952, 22430, 22873, 297, 278, 5001, 29915, 29879, 12990, 277, 8542, 467, 11559, 5480, 750, 408, 1568, 2769, 304, 28761, 263, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 22873, 515, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 278, 5001, 29915, 29879, 8078, 943, 408, 372, 750, 304, 2594, 3240, 2606, 362, 491, 13049, 322, 22873, 29889, 13466, 29892, 278, 1002, 1082, 723, 505, 750, 263, 17261, 292, 16188, 30003, 29874, 970, 5001, 1033, 321, 1564, 311, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 3763, 491, 298, 8491, 263, 8078, 272, 304, 3033, 482, 297, 278, 1407, 3240, 2606, 7606, 14741, 393, 385, 12139, 470, 19001, 1033, 451, 29889, 29871, 29953, 13, 1576, 13638, 884, 2086, 9098, 18918, 267, 278, 2504, 262, 663, 310, 376, 449, 29886, 9552, 29908, 13734, 1516, 29892, 470, 8799, 1934, 393, 1371, 14582, 8161, 6029, 304, 3974, 29889, 2823, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29889, 3831, 273, 583, 10398, 395, 29941, 29889, 29953, 24464, 373, 1438, 5786, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29929, 7432, 29889, 29871, 29955, 11559, 18880, 1033, 505, 6839, 304, 12566, 970, 5001, 22873, 2750, 3240, 2606, 362, 472, 278, 6567, 310, 1316, 13734, 1516, 29892, 7148, 297, 278, 1741, 393, 278, 970, 5001, 3528, 5771, 9124, 6685, 313, 294, 14582, 17785, 297, 5227, 566, 4049, 437, 467, 2823, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 476, 2235, 17316, 325, 29889, 360, 18118, 4231, 273, 1455, 1816, 4270, 1696, 9266, 1696, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29900, 29945, 29994, 29896, 29941, 29929, 2992, 1696, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29946, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29945, 29953, 313, 29943, 774, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29929, 29897, 313, 24784, 19001, 310, 9124, 6685, 970, 5001, 21905, 304, 6963, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 3158, 2750, 17266, 403, 1791, 1247, 3864, 9226, 393, 29185, 902, 5703, 358, 467, 29871, 29947, 13, 1576, 13638, 3291, 2446, 304, 278, 1083, 287, 583, 21750, 287, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29883, 511, 607, 4148, 7093, 376, 497, 18892, 5181, 304, 1207, 278, 19001, 3353, 1699, 297, 6124, 304, 376, 276, 2611, 271, 882, 1699, 376, 1627, 5146, 1699, 322, 376, 18732, 5625, 1179, 869, 869, 869, 3704, 11872, 335, 362, 21544, 29892, 17924, 16277, 1238, 267, 29892, 322, 15590, 1098, 25252, 1238, 267, 1213, 450, 13638, 926, 1169, 393, 11559, 1033, 451, 505, 9146, 304, 2594 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.153249

1.158268

-0.056145

0.347588

contractors from retaliating against public company employees because one of the remedies (reinstatement) would likely be outside of the contractor's power. Ante, at 13. But there is no requirement that a statute must make every type of remedy available against every type of defendant. A contractor can compensate a whistleblower with backpay, costs, and fees, and that is more than enough for the statute's remedial scheme to make sense. The majority's reference to the affirmative defense for public company "employers" who lack "knowledge" that an employee has participated in a proceeding relating to the fraud report, ante, at 12 (citing §1514(A)(a)(2)), fails for a similar reason. There is no rule that Congress may only provide an affirmative defense if it is available to every conceivable defendant. Finally, the majority's reading runs afoul of the precept that "interpretations of a statute which would produce absurd results are to be avoided if alternative interpretations consistent with the legislative purpose are avail-able." Griffin v. Oceanic Contractors, Inc., 458 U. S. 564, 575 (1982) . The majority's interpretation transforms §1514A into a sweeping source of litigation that Congress could not have intended. As construed by the majority, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act regulates employment relationships between individuals and their nannies, housekeepers, and caretakers, subjecting individual employers to litigation if their employees claim to have been harassed for providing information regarding any of a host of offenses. If, for example, a nanny is discharged after expressing a concern to his employer that the employer's teenage son may be participating in some Internet fraud, the nanny can bring a §1514A suit. The employer may prevail, of course, if the nanny cannot prove he was fired "because of" the fraud report. §1514A. But there is little reason to think Congress intended to sweep such disputes into federal court. Nor is it plausible that Congress intended the Act to impose costly litigation burdens on any private business that happens to have an ongoing contract with a public company. As the majority acknowledges, the purpose of the Act was to protect public company investors and the financial markets. Yet the majority might well embroil federal agencies and courts in the resolution of mundane labor disputes that have nothing to do with such concerns. For instance, a construction worker could file a §1514A suit against her employer (that has a long-term contract with a public company) if the worker is demoted after reporting that another client has mailed the company a false invoice. 9 The majority's interpretation also produces truly odd distinctions. Under the rule it announces, a babysitter can bring a §1514A retaliation suit against his employerif his employer is a checkout clerk for the local PetSmart (a public company), but not if she is a checkout clerk for the local Petco (a private company). Likewise, the day laborer who works for a construction business can avail himself of §1514A if her company has been hired to help remodel the local Dick's Sporting Goods store (a public company), but not if it is remodeling a nearby Sports Authority (a private company). In light of the reasonable alternative reading of §1514A, there is no reason to accept these absurd results. The majority begs to differ, arguing that "[t]here is scant evidence" that lawsuits have been brought by the multitude of newly covered employees " 'who have no exposure to investor-related activities and thus could not possibly assist in detecting investor fraud.' " Ante, at 22. Until today, however, no court has deemed §1514A applicable to household employees of individuals who work for public companies; even the Department of Labor's ARB rejected that view. Spinner, ALJ No. 2010–SOX–029, at 8. And as the District Court noted, prior to the ARB's 2012 decision in Spinner, the ARB "ha[d] yet to provide . . . definitive clarification" on the question whether §1514A extends to the employees of a public company

[ 8078, 943, 515, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 970, 5001, 22873, 1363, 697, 310, 278, 1083, 287, 583, 313, 276, 2611, 271, 882, 29897, 723, 5517, 367, 5377, 310, 278, 8078, 272, 29915, 29879, 3081, 29889, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29889, 1205, 727, 338, 694, 11809, 393, 263, 1002, 1082, 1818, 1207, 1432, 1134, 310, 1083, 7584, 3625, 2750, 1432, 1134, 310, 822, 5818, 29889, 319, 8078, 272, 508, 22874, 403, 263, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 411, 1250, 10472, 29892, 21544, 29892, 322, 1238, 267, 29892, 322, 393, 338, 901, 1135, 13, 264, 820, 363, 278, 1002, 1082, 29915, 29879, 1083, 287, 616, 11380, 304, 1207, 4060, 29889, 450, 13638, 29915, 29879, 3407, 304, 278, 2756, 3568, 1230, 26406, 363, 970, 5001, 376, 3451, 2376, 414, 29908, 1058, 10225, 376, 28385, 5485, 29908, 393, 385, 19001, 756, 25223, 297, 263, 8469, 292, 1104, 1218, 304, 278, 5227, 566, 3461, 29892, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29906, 313, 29883, 11407, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29898, 29909, 5033, 29874, 5033, 29906, 8243, 8465, 363, 263, 2788, 2769, 29889, 1670, 338, 694, 5751, 393, 11559, 1122, 871, 3867, 385, 2756, 3568, 1230, 26406, 565, 372, 338, 3625, 304, 1432, 10628, 440, 519, 822, 5818, 29889, 13, 12881, 635, 29892, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 5183, 6057, 2511, 5059, 310, 278, 758, 1547, 393, 376, 1639, 19819, 800, 310, 263, 1002, 1082, 607, 723, 7738, 6425, 18245, 2582, 526, 304, 367, 28305, 565, 8671, 6613, 800, 13747, 411, 278, 13332, 1230, 6437, 526, 20847, 29899, 519, 1213, 22990, 262, 325, 29889, 21091, 293, 2866, 1461, 943, 29892, 9266, 1696, 29871, 29946, 29945, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29945, 29953, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29955, 29945, 313, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29906, 29897, 869, 450, 13638, 29915, 29879, 19854, 4327, 29879, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 964, 263, 7901, 26819, 2752, 310, 11872, 335, 362, 393, 11559, 1033, 451, 505, 9146, 29889, 1094, 6787, 287, 491, 278, 13638, 29892, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 24378, 1078, 5703, 358, 21702, 1546, 15724, 322, 1009, 302, 812, 583, 29892, 3699, 17462, 414, 29892, 322, 2562, 29873, 21079, 29892, 4967, 292, 5375, 5703, 414, 304, 11872, 335, 362, 565, 1009, 22873, 5995, 304, 505, 1063, 4023, 465, 287, 363, 13138, 2472, 11211, 738, 310, 263, 3495, 310, 1283, 11259, 29889, 960, 29892, 363, 1342, 29892, 263, 302, 14763, 338, 766, 25389, 287, 1156, 4653, 292, 263, 5932, 304, 670, 5703, 261, 393, 278, 5703, 261, 29915, 29879, 734, 264, 482, 1487, 1122, 367, 5221, 1218, 297, 777, 4685, 5227, 566, 29892, 278, 302, 14763, 508, 6963, 263, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 14726, 29889, 450, 5703, 261, 1122, 12379, 737, 29892, 310, 3236, 29892, 565, 278, 302, 14763, 2609, 6356, 540, 471, 17285, 376, 18103, 310, 29908, 278, 5227, 566, 3461, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 1205, 727, 338, 2217, 2769, 304, 1348, 11559, 9146, 304, 7901, 1022, 1316, 8937, 267, 964, 17097, 8973, 29889, 13, 29940, 272, 338, 372, 2174, 375, 1821, 393, 11559, 9146, 278, 3185, 304, 2411, 852, 3438, 368, 11872, 335, 362, 6866, 21518, 373, 738, 2024, 5381, 393, 5930, 304, 505, 385, 373, 17696, 8078, 411, 263, 970, 5001, 29889, 1094, 278, 13638, 24084, 2710, 29892, 278, 6437, 310, 278, 3185, 471, 304, 12566, 970, 5001, 13258, 943, 322, 278, 18161, 2791, 1691, 29889, 15175, 278, 13638, 1795, 1532, 953, 6729, 309, 17097, 946, 15942, 322, 28033, 297, 278, 10104, 310, 286, 870, 1662, 10212, 8937, 267, 393, 505, 3078, 304, 437, 411, 1316, 21838, 29889, 1152, 2777, 29892, 263, 7632, 15645, 1033, 934, 263, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 14726, 2750, 902, 5703, 261, 313, 5747, 756, 263, 1472, 29899, 8489, 8078, 411, 263, 970, 5001, 29897, 565, 278, 15645, 338, 1261, 5715, 1156, 23415, 393, 1790, 3132, 756, 611, 2356, 278, 5001, 263, 2089, 297, 14917, 29889, 29871, 29929, 13, 1576, 13638, 29915, 29879, 19854, 884, 13880, 19781, 7736, 1320, 262, 1953, 29889, 7634, 278, 5751, 372, 7475, 778, 29892, 263, 289, 370, 952, 5171, 508, 6963, 263, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 3240, 2606, 362, 14726, 2750, 670, 5703, 261, 361, 670, 5703, 261, 338, 263, 24808, 1067, 5968, 363, 278, 1887, 5879, 12636, 442, 313, 29874, 970, 5001, 511, 541, 451, 565, 1183, 338, 263, 24808, 1067, 5968, 363, 278, 1887, 5879, 1111, 313, 29874, 2024, 5001, 467, 8502, 3538, 29892, 278, 2462, 10212, 261, 1058, 1736, 363, 263, 7632, 5381, 508, 20847, 3654, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 565, 902, 5001, 756, 1063, 298, 2859, 304, 1371, 1083, 27224, 278, 1887, 12488, 29915, 29879, 8815, 292, 7197, 29879, 3787, 313, 29874, 970, 5001, 511, 541, 451, 565, 372, 338, 1083, 397, 14067, 263, 20810, 12453, 13361, 537, 313, 29874, 2024, 5001, 467, 13, 797, 3578, 310, 278, 15590, 8671, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 727, 338, 694, 2769, 304, 3544, 1438, 6425, 18245, 2582, 29889, 450, 13638, 1812, 29879, 304, 1163, 29892, 1852, 26420, 393, 14704, 29873, 29962, 4150, 338, 885, 424, 10757, 29908, 393, 4307, 2146, 1169, 505, 1063, 6296, 491, 278, 1773, 4279, 310, 15141, 10664, 22873, 376, 525, 15970, 505, 694, 14060, 545, 304, 13258, 272, 29899, 12817, 14188, 322, 4550, 1033, 451, 10075, 13, 465, 391, 297, 6459, 292, 13258, 272, 5227, 566, 6169, 376, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29889, 28609, 9826, 29892, 3138, 29892, 694, 8973, 756, 316, 22580, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 22903, 304, 22329, 22873, 310, 15724, 1058, 664, 363, 970, 14582, 29936, 1584, 278, 10317, 310, 16715, 29915, 29879, 9033, 29933, 22225, 393, 1776, 29889, 1706, 3993, 29892, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29929, 29892, 472, 29871, 29947, 29889, 1126, 408, 278, 7457, 9245, 11682, 29892, 7536, 304, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 10608, 297, 1706, 3993, 29892, 278, 9033, 29933, 376, 2350, 29961, 29881, 29962, 3447, 304, 3867, 869, 869, 869, 8422, 573, 7542, 2450, 29908, 373, 278, 1139, 3692, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 4988, 304, 278, 22873, 310, 263, 970, 5001 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.435483

1.474927

-0.001675

0.360237

's private contractors. 724 F. Supp. 2d 141, 155 (Mass. 2010). So the fact that individuals and private businesses have yet to suffer burdensome litigation offers little assurance that the ma-jority's capacious reading of §1514A will produce no un-toward effects. Finally, it must be noted that §1514A protects the reporting of a variety of frauds—not only securities fraud, but also mail, wire, and bank fraud. By interpreting a statute that already protects an expansive class of conduct also to cover a large class of employees, today's opinion threatens to subject private companies to a costly new front of employment litigation. Congress almost certainly did not intend the statute to have that reach. The majority argues that the broader reading of §1514A is necessary because a small number of the millions of individuals and private companies affected by its ruling have a special role to play in preventing public company fraud. If §1514A does not bar retaliation against employees of contractors, the majority cautions, then law firms and accounting firms will be free to retaliate against their employees when those employees report fraud on the part of their public company clients. It is undisputed that Congress was aware of the role that outside accountants and lawyers played in the Enron debacle and the importance of encouraging them to play an active part in preventing future scandals. But it hardly follows that Congress must have meant to apply §1514A to every employee of every public company contractor, subcontractor, officer, and employee as a result. It is far more likely that Congress saw the unique ethical duties and professional concerns implicated by outside lawyers and accountants as reason to vest regulatory authority in the hands of experts with the power to sanction wrongdoers. Specifically, rather than imposing §1514A's generic approach on outside accounting firms, Congress established the PCAOB, which regulates "every detail" of an accounting firm's practice, including "supervision of au-dit work," "internal inspection procedures," "professional ethics rules," and " 'such other requirements as the Board may prescribe.' " Free Enterprise Fund v. Public Company Accounting Oversight Bd., 561 U. S. ___, ___ (2010) (slip op., at 3–4). Importantly, the PCAOB is empowered to levy "severe sanctions in its disciplinary proceedings, up to and including the permanent revocation of a firm's registration . . . and money penalties of $15 million." Id., at ___ (slip op., at 4) (citing 15 U. S. C. §7215(c)(4)). Such sanctions could well provide a more powerful incentive to prevent an accounting firm from retaliating against its employees than §1514A. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act confers similar regulatory authority upon the SEC with respect to attorneys. The Act requires the SEC to establish rules of professional conduct for attorneys, §307 (codified at 15 U. S. C. §7245), and confers broad power on the SEC to punish attorneys for "improper professional conduct," which would include, for example, a law firm partner's decision to retaliate against an associate who reports fraud. §602 (codified at 15 U. S. C. §78d–3). Indeed, the Act grants the SEC the power to censure culpable attorneys and to deny "permanently" to any such attorney the "privilege of appearing of practicing before" the SEC "in any way." §602. Congress thus evidently made the judgment that decisions concerning how best to punish law firms and accounting firms ought to be handled not by the Department of Labor, but by the SEC and the PCAOB. Such judgment should not be disturbed under usual circumstances, much less at the cost to congressional intent produced by today's ruling. The majority does offer cogent policy arguments for why Congress might have been wiser to include certain types of contractors within §1514A, noting for example that a law firm or accounting firm might be able to

[ 29915, 29879, 2024, 8078, 943, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29906, 29946, 383, 29889, 9179, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29881, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29945, 313, 29924, 465, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 467, 1105, 278, 2114, 393, 15724, 322, 2024, 5381, 267, 505, 3447, 304, 8812, 6866, 21518, 608, 11872, 335, 362, 16688, 2217, 1223, 18541, 393, 278, 611, 29899, 3418, 537, 29915, 29879, 2117, 29874, 8802, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 674, 7738, 694, 443, 29899, 29873, 340, 538, 9545, 29889, 13, 12881, 635, 29892, 372, 1818, 367, 11682, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 12566, 29879, 278, 23415, 310, 263, 12875, 310, 5227, 566, 29879, 30003, 1333, 871, 409, 2764, 1907, 5227, 566, 29892, 541, 884, 10524, 29892, 8014, 29892, 322, 9124, 5227, 566, 29889, 2648, 5133, 1259, 263, 1002, 1082, 393, 2307, 12566, 29879, 385, 1518, 550, 573, 770, 310, 7512, 884, 304, 4612, 263, 2919, 770, 310, 22873, 29892, 9826, 29915, 29879, 9426, 28469, 575, 304, 4967, 2024, 14582, 304, 263, 3438, 368, 716, 4565, 310, 5703, 358, 11872, 335, 362, 29889, 11559, 4359, 8959, 1258, 451, 24042, 278, 1002, 1082, 304, 505, 393, 6159, 29889, 13, 1576, 13638, 1852, 1041, 393, 278, 2545, 1664, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 338, 5181, 1363, 263, 2319, 1353, 310, 278, 14746, 310, 15724, 322, 2024, 14582, 15201, 491, 967, 364, 19478, 505, 263, 4266, 6297, 304, 1708, 297, 5557, 292, 970, 5001, 5227, 566, 29889, 960, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 947, 451, 2594, 3240, 2606, 362, 2750, 22873, 310, 8078, 943, 29892, 278, 13638, 5777, 17925, 29892, 769, 4307, 13734, 1516, 322, 3633, 292, 13734, 1516, 674, 367, 3889, 304, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 1009, 22873, 746, 1906, 22873, 3461, 5227, 566, 373, 278, 760, 310, 1009, 970, 5001, 13154, 29889, 13, 3112, 338, 563, 275, 649, 287, 393, 11559, 471, 9543, 310, 278, 6297, 393, 5377, 3633, 1934, 322, 4307, 29891, 414, 5318, 297, 278, 1174, 1617, 2553, 6436, 322, 278, 13500, 310, 18443, 292, 963, 304, 1708, 385, 6136, 760, 297, 5557, 292, 5434, 885, 392, 1338, 29889, 1205, 372, 15155, 4477, 393, 11559, 1818, 505, 6839, 304, 3394, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 1432, 19001, 310, 1432, 970, 5001, 8078, 272, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 12139, 29892, 322, 19001, 408, 263, 1121, 29889, 739, 338, 2215, 901, 5517, 393, 11559, 4446, 278, 5412, 11314, 936, 22204, 322, 10257, 21838, 2411, 9169, 491, 5377, 4307, 29891, 414, 322, 3633, 1934, 408, 2769, 304, 16779, 24378, 7606, 14329, 297, 278, 6567, 310, 2902, 1372, 411, 278, 3081, 304, 9753, 428, 2743, 1867, 414, 29889, 13, 10299, 928, 635, 29892, 3265, 1135, 7275, 292, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 10035, 2948, 373, 5377, 3633, 292, 13734, 1516, 29892, 11559, 7841, 278, 349, 5454, 14824, 29892, 607, 24378, 1078, 376, 17991, 9493, 29908, 310, 385, 3633, 292, 9226, 29915, 29879, 6944, 29892, 3704, 376, 9136, 4924, 310, 782, 29899, 27423, 664, 1699, 376, 7564, 1663, 27988, 28648, 1699, 376, 23221, 15750, 11314, 1199, 6865, 1699, 322, 376, 525, 14565, 916, 11780, 408, 278, 12590, 1122, 2225, 29581, 6169, 376, 12362, 9041, 7734, 13249, 325, 29889, 5236, 6938, 16535, 292, 438, 874, 523, 22074, 1696, 29871, 29945, 29953, 29896, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 903, 1649, 29892, 903, 1649, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29897, 313, 29879, 3466, 1015, 1696, 472, 29871, 29941, 29994, 29946, 467, 16032, 10835, 29892, 278, 349, 5454, 14824, 338, 3710, 1680, 287, 304, 454, 13308, 376, 344, 9359, 9753, 1953, 297, 967, 17119, 3821, 8469, 886, 29892, 701, 304, 322, 3704, 278, 17667, 6664, 10610, 310, 263, 9226, 29915, 29879, 22583, 869, 869, 869, 322, 6909, 6584, 1997, 583, 310, 395, 29896, 29945, 7284, 1213, 5163, 1696, 472, 903, 1649, 313, 29879, 3466, 1015, 1696, 472, 29871, 29946, 29897, 313, 29883, 11407, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29906, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29883, 5033, 29946, 8106, 10506, 9753, 1953, 1033, 1532, 3867, 263, 901, 13988, 297, 1760, 573, 304, 5557, 385, 3633, 292, 9226, 515, 3240, 2606, 1218, 2750, 967, 22873, 1135, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 13, 1576, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 1970, 414, 2788, 24378, 7606, 14329, 2501, 278, 3725, 29907, 411, 3390, 304, 1098, 272, 484, 952, 29889, 450, 3185, 6858, 278, 3725, 29907, 304, 10127, 6865, 310, 10257, 7512, 363, 1098, 272, 484, 952, 29892, 16683, 29941, 29900, 29955, 313, 19284, 2164, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29906, 29946, 29945, 511, 322, 1970, 414, 7300, 3081, 373, 278, 3725, 29907, 304, 6035, 728, 1098, 272, 484, 952, 363, 376, 326, 771, 546, 10257, 7512, 1699, 607, 723, 3160, 29892, 363, 1342, 29892, 263, 4307, 9226, 18096, 29915, 29879, 10608, 304, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 385, 25836, 1058, 13676, 5227, 566, 29889, 16683, 29953, 29900, 29906, 313, 19284, 2164, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29947, 29881, 29994, 29941, 467, 14598, 29892, 278, 3185, 867, 1934, 278, 3725, 29907, 278, 3081, 304, 274, 7469, 13949, 29886, 519, 1098, 272, 484, 952, 322, 304, 972, 29891, 376, 546, 1171, 2705, 29908, 304, 738, 1316, 1098, 25252, 278, 376, 22534, 488, 479, 310, 21534, 310, 4120, 18499, 1434, 29908, 278, 3725, 29907, 376, 262, 738, 982, 1213, 16683, 29953, 29900, 29906, 29889, 13, 29907, 549, 1253, 4550, 25524, 1754, 278, 24284, 393, 1602, 12112, 19813, 920, 1900, 304, 6035, 728, 4307, 13734, 1516, 322, 3633, 292, 13734, 1516, 12722, 304, 367, 16459, 451, 491, 278, 10317, 310, 16715, 29892, 541, 491, 278, 3725, 29907, 322, 278, 349, 5454, 14824, 29889, 10506, 24284, 881, 451, 367, 1320, 28179, 1090, 9670, 14209, 29892, 1568, 3109, 472, 278, 3438, 304, 378, 11476, 284, 7609, 7371, 491, 9826, 29915, 29879, 364, 19478, 29889, 450, 13638, 947, 5957, 274, 468, 296, 8898, 6273, 363, 2020, 11559, 1795, 505, 1063, 281, 7608, 304, 3160, 3058, 4072, 310, 8078, 943, 2629, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 451, 292, 363, 1342, 393, 263, 4307, 9226, 470, 3633, 292, 9226, 1795, 367, 2221, 304 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.258874

1.485309

0.244893

0.350118

retaliate against its employees for making reports required under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Ante, at 19. But as the majority recognizes, Congress has since remedied that precise concern, enacting a comprehensive whistleblower incentive and protection program that unequivocally "prohibit[s] any employer"—public or private—"from re-taliating against 'a whistleblower' for providing information to the SEC, participating in an SEC proceeding, or making disclosures required or protected under Sarbanes-Oxley and certain other securities laws." Ante, at 26 (citing 15 U. S. C. §§78u–6(a)(6), (b)(1), (h)). The majority thus acknowledges that, moving forward, retaliation claims like the petitioners' may "procee[d] under [§78u-6]," ante, at 26, n. 17. In other words, to the extent the major-ity worries about a "hole" in FMR's interpretation, ante,at 14, Congress has already addressed it. 10 Because the statute is ambiguous, and because the majority's broad interpretation has also been adopted by the ARB, there remains the question whether the ARB's decision in Spinner, ALJ No. 2010–SOX–029, is entitled to deference under Chevron U. S. A. Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc., 467 U. S. 837 (1984) . 11 Under United States v. Mead Corp., 533 U. S. 218–227 (2001), an agency may claim Chevron deference "when it appears [1] that Congress delegated authority to the agency generally to make rules carrying the force of law, and [2] that the agency interpretation claiming deference was promulgated in the exercise of that authority." Neither requirement is met here. First, the agency interpretation for which petitioners claim deference is the position announced by the ARB, the board to which the Secretary of Labor has delegated authority "in review or on appeal" in connection with §1514A proceedings. 75 Fed. Reg. 3924 (2010). According to petitioners, the ARB's rulings are entitled to deference because the "Secretary is responsible for enforcing Section 1514A both through investigation and through formal adjudication." Brief for Petitioners 61. That is right as far as it goes, but even if the Secretary has the power to investigate and adjudicate §1514A claims, Congress did not delegate authority to the Secretary to "make rules carrying the force of law," Mead, 533 U. S., at 226–227. Congress instead delegated that power to the SEC: Section 3(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, codified at 15 U. S. C. §7202(a), provides that the SEC "shall promulgate such rules and regulations, as may be necessary or appropriate in the public interest or for the protection of investors, and in furtherance of this Act." So if any agency has the authority to resolve ambiguities in §1514A with the forceof law, it is the SEC, not the Department of Labor.See Martin v. Occupational Safety and Health Review Comm'n, 499 U. S. 144, 154 (1991) . The SEC, however, has not issued a regulation applying §1514A whistleblower protection to employees of public company contractors. And while the majority notes that the SEC may share the (incorrect) view that the Department of Labor has interpretive authority regarding §1514A, ante, at 9, n. 6, the majority cites nothing to suggest that one agency may transfer authority unambiguously delegated to it by Congress to a different agency simply by signing onto an amicus brief. That Congress did not intend for the Secretary to resolve ambiguities in the law is confirmed by §1514A's mechanism for judicial review. The statute does not merely permit courts to review the Secretary's final adjudicatory rulings under the Administrative Procedure Act'

[ 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 967, 22873, 363, 3907, 13676, 3734, 1090, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 29889, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29889, 1205, 408, 278, 13638, 5936, 7093, 29892, 11559, 756, 1951, 1083, 287, 1000, 393, 18378, 5932, 29892, 427, 627, 292, 263, 15171, 6270, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 297, 1760, 573, 322, 13047, 1824, 393, 1597, 339, 440, 542, 635, 376, 771, 6335, 277, 29961, 29879, 29962, 738, 5703, 261, 29908, 30003, 3597, 470, 2024, 30003, 29908, 3166, 337, 29899, 29873, 2606, 1218, 2750, 525, 29874, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 29915, 363, 13138, 2472, 304, 278, 3725, 29907, 29892, 5221, 1218, 297, 385, 3725, 29907, 8469, 292, 29892, 470, 3907, 766, 11291, 1973, 3734, 470, 6364, 1090, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 322, 3058, 916, 409, 2764, 1907, 14243, 1213, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29953, 313, 29883, 11407, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 30152, 29955, 29947, 29884, 29994, 29953, 29898, 29874, 5033, 29953, 511, 313, 29890, 5033, 29896, 511, 313, 29882, 8106, 450, 13638, 4550, 24084, 2710, 393, 29892, 8401, 6375, 29892, 3240, 2606, 362, 16726, 763, 278, 5697, 654, 414, 29915, 1122, 376, 771, 346, 29872, 29961, 29881, 29962, 1090, 518, 30152, 29955, 29947, 29884, 29899, 29953, 1402, 29908, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29953, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29955, 29889, 512, 916, 3838, 29892, 304, 278, 15834, 278, 4655, 29899, 537, 6365, 2722, 1048, 263, 376, 29716, 29908, 297, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 19854, 29892, 15053, 29892, 271, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 11559, 756, 2307, 20976, 372, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 13, 29933, 5658, 278, 1002, 1082, 338, 22363, 681, 29892, 322, 1363, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 7300, 19854, 756, 884, 1063, 16356, 491, 278, 9033, 29933, 29892, 727, 9242, 278, 1139, 3692, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 10608, 297, 1706, 3993, 29892, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29929, 29892, 338, 23437, 304, 316, 1659, 1090, 6561, 29894, 1617, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 319, 29889, 9266, 29889, 325, 29889, 18385, 27562, 5282, 1947, 8831, 29892, 9266, 1696, 29871, 29946, 29953, 29955, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29947, 29941, 29955, 313, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29946, 29897, 869, 29871, 29896, 29896, 7634, 3303, 3900, 325, 29889, 341, 1479, 2994, 29886, 1696, 29871, 29945, 29941, 29941, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29947, 29994, 29906, 29906, 29955, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29896, 511, 385, 946, 3819, 1122, 5995, 6561, 29894, 1617, 316, 1659, 376, 8256, 372, 5692, 518, 29896, 29962, 393, 11559, 16000, 630, 14329, 304, 278, 946, 3819, 6892, 304, 1207, 6865, 19436, 278, 4889, 310, 4307, 29892, 322, 518, 29906, 29962, 393, 278, 946, 3819, 19854, 5995, 292, 316, 1659, 471, 2504, 352, 29887, 630, 297, 278, 15058, 310, 393, 14329, 1213, 2448, 2121, 11809, 338, 1539, 1244, 29889, 13, 6730, 29892, 278, 946, 3819, 19854, 363, 607, 5697, 654, 414, 5995, 316, 1659, 338, 278, 2602, 9326, 491, 278, 9033, 29933, 29892, 278, 7613, 304, 607, 278, 17719, 310, 16715, 756, 16000, 630, 14329, 376, 262, 9076, 470, 373, 25530, 29908, 297, 3957, 411, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 8469, 886, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29945, 17972, 29889, 2169, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29929, 29906, 29946, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 467, 7579, 304, 5697, 654, 414, 29892, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 364, 352, 886, 526, 23437, 304, 316, 1659, 1363, 278, 376, 28459, 653, 338, 14040, 363, 24555, 3277, 9779, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 1716, 1549, 22522, 322, 1549, 11595, 12109, 566, 293, 362, 1213, 1771, 2575, 363, 5879, 654, 414, 29871, 29953, 29896, 29889, 2193, 338, 1492, 408, 2215, 408, 372, 5771, 29892, 541, 1584, 565, 278, 17719, 756, 278, 3081, 304, 23033, 322, 12109, 566, 9593, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 16726, 29892, 11559, 1258, 451, 13341, 14329, 304, 278, 17719, 304, 376, 5675, 6865, 19436, 278, 4889, 310, 4307, 1699, 341, 1479, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29941, 29941, 501, 29889, 317, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29953, 29994, 29906, 29906, 29955, 29889, 11559, 2012, 16000, 630, 393, 3081, 304, 278, 3725, 29907, 29901, 9779, 29871, 29941, 29898, 29874, 29897, 310, 278, 7745, 2571, 267, 29899, 29949, 29916, 2330, 3185, 29892, 15234, 2164, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29898, 29874, 511, 8128, 393, 278, 3725, 29907, 376, 845, 497, 2504, 352, 17062, 1316, 6865, 322, 1072, 8250, 29892, 408, 1122, 367, 5181, 470, 8210, 297, 278, 970, 4066, 470, 363, 278, 13047, 310, 13258, 943, 29892, 322, 297, 4340, 749, 310, 445, 3185, 1213, 1105, 565, 738, 946, 3819, 756, 278, 14329, 304, 8814, 22363, 1907, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 411, 278, 4889, 974, 4307, 29892, 372, 338, 278, 3725, 29907, 29892, 451, 278, 10317, 310, 16715, 29889, 13393, 6502, 325, 29889, 16117, 786, 1288, 14795, 3305, 322, 15202, 13957, 1876, 29915, 29876, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29929, 29929, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29946, 313, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29896, 29897, 869, 450, 3725, 29907, 29892, 3138, 29892, 756, 451, 16610, 263, 1072, 2785, 15399, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 304, 22873, 310, 970, 5001, 8078, 943, 29889, 1126, 1550, 278, 13638, 11486, 393, 278, 3725, 29907, 1122, 6232, 278, 313, 262, 15728, 29897, 1776, 393, 278, 10317, 310, 16715, 756, 6613, 573, 14329, 11211, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29929, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29892, 278, 13638, 274, 3246, 3078, 304, 4368, 393, 697, 946, 3819, 1122, 6782, 14329, 443, 14727, 5794, 16000, 630, 304, 372, 491, 11559, 304, 263, 1422, 946, 3819, 3763, 491, 26188, 11480, 385, 626, 12473, 11473, 29889, 13, 7058, 11559, 1258, 451, 24042, 363, 278, 17719, 304, 8814, 22363, 1907, 297, 278, 4307, 338, 16725, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 13336, 363, 6577, 5611, 9076, 29889, 450, 1002, 1082, 947, 451, 13586, 14257, 28033, 304, 9076, 278, 17719, 29915, 29879, 2186, 12109, 566, 293, 7606, 364, 352, 886, 1090, 278, 24510, 1230, 1019, 26600, 3185, 29915 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.0794

1.542412

-0.399323

-0.040729

s defer-ential standard. It instead allows a claimant to bring an action in a federal district court, and allows district courts to adjudicate such actions de novo, in any case where the Secretary has not issued a final decision within 180 days. That is a conspicuously short amount of time in light of the three-tiered process of agency review of §1514A claims. See ante, at 5–6. As a result, even if Congress had not delegated to the SEC the authority to resolve ambiguities in §1514A, the muscular scheme of judicial review suggests that Congress would have wanted federal courts, and not the Secretary of Labor, to have that power. See Mead, 533 U. S., at 232 (declining to defer to Customs Service classifications where, among other things, the statute authorized "independent review of Customs classifications by the [Court of International Trade]"). As to the second Mead requirement, even if Congress had delegated authority to the Secretary to make "rules carrying the force of law," the "agency interpretation claiming deference" in this case was not "promulgated in the exercise of that authority." Id., at 226–227. That is because the Secretary has explicitly vested any policymaking authority he may have with respect to §1514A in the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) instead of the ARB. See 67 Fed. Reg. 65008 (2002). In fact, the Secretary has expressly withdrawn from the ARB any power to deviate from the rules OSHA issues on the Department of Labor's behalf. 75 Fed. Reg. 3925 ("The [ARB] shall not have jurisdiction to pass on the validity of any portion of the Code of Federal Regulations that has been duly promulgated by the Department of Labor and shall observe the provisions thereof, where pertinent, in its decisions"). OSHA has promulgated regulations supporting the majority's reading of §1514A. See 29 CFR §1980.101(f)–(g) (2013). The Secretary, however, has expressly disclaimed any claim of deference to them. See Brief for United States as Amicus Curiae 33, n. 8. As a result, the ARB's understanding of §1514A's coverage in Spinner was not an "exercise of [the Secretary's] authority" to make rules carrying the force of law, Mead, 533 U. S., at 226–227, but rather the ARB's necessary compliance with a regulation that no one claims is deserving of deference in the first place. See Spinner, ALJ No. 2010–SOX–029, at 10 (recognizing that "the ARB is bound by the [Department of Labor] regulations"). In the absence of Chevron deference, the ARB's decision in Spinner may claim only "respect according to its persuasiveness" under Skidmore v. Swift & Co., 323 U. S.134 (1944). See Mead, 533 U. S., at 221. But the ARB's decision is unpersuasive, for the many reasons already discussed. The Court's interpretation of §1514A undeniably serves a laudatory purpose. By covering employees of every of-ficer, employee, and contractor of every public company, the majority's interpretation extends §1514A's protections to the outside lawyers and accountants who could have helped prevent the Enron fraud. But that is not the statute Congress wrote. Congress envisioned a system in which public company employees would be covered by §1514A, and in which outside lawyers, investment advisers, and accountants would be regulated by the SEC and PCAOB. Congress did not envision a system in which employees of other private businesses—such as cleaning and construction company workers who have little interaction with investor-related activities and who are thus ill suited to assist in detecting fraud against shareholders—would fall within §1514A. Nor, needless to say, did it envision §1514A applying to the household employees of millions of individuals who happen

[ 29879, 316, 571, 29899, 2556, 3918, 29889, 739, 2012, 6511, 263, 5995, 424, 304, 6963, 385, 3158, 297, 263, 17097, 6474, 8973, 29892, 322, 6511, 6474, 28033, 304, 12109, 566, 9593, 1316, 8820, 316, 2420, 29877, 29892, 297, 738, 1206, 988, 278, 17719, 756, 451, 16610, 263, 2186, 10608, 2629, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29900, 3841, 29889, 2193, 338, 263, 21588, 293, 29884, 5794, 3273, 5253, 310, 931, 297, 3578, 310, 278, 2211, 29899, 29873, 631, 287, 1889, 310, 946, 3819, 9076, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 16726, 29889, 2823, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29945, 29994, 29953, 29889, 1094, 263, 1121, 29892, 1584, 565, 11559, 750, 451, 16000, 630, 304, 278, 3725, 29907, 278, 14329, 304, 8814, 22363, 1907, 297, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 278, 2301, 16637, 11380, 310, 6577, 5611, 9076, 14661, 393, 11559, 723, 505, 5131, 17097, 28033, 29892, 322, 451, 278, 17719, 310, 16715, 29892, 304, 505, 393, 3081, 29889, 2823, 341, 1479, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29941, 29941, 501, 29889, 317, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29941, 29906, 313, 27787, 2827, 304, 316, 571, 304, 8701, 29879, 6692, 770, 8232, 988, 29892, 4249, 916, 2712, 29892, 278, 1002, 1082, 4148, 1891, 376, 262, 18980, 9076, 310, 8701, 29879, 770, 8232, 491, 278, 518, 29907, 14316, 310, 4623, 27226, 29962, 2564, 13, 2887, 304, 278, 1473, 341, 1479, 11809, 29892, 1584, 565, 11559, 750, 16000, 630, 14329, 304, 278, 17719, 304, 1207, 376, 19238, 19436, 278, 4889, 310, 4307, 1699, 278, 376, 351, 3819, 19854, 5995, 292, 316, 1659, 29908, 297, 445, 1206, 471, 451, 376, 14032, 352, 29887, 630, 297, 278, 15058, 310, 393, 14329, 1213, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29953, 29994, 29906, 29906, 29955, 29889, 2193, 338, 1363, 278, 17719, 756, 9479, 325, 2868, 738, 13665, 962, 5086, 14329, 540, 1122, 505, 411, 3390, 304, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 297, 278, 16117, 786, 1288, 14795, 3305, 322, 15202, 23303, 313, 3267, 15715, 29897, 2012, 310, 278, 9033, 29933, 29889, 2823, 29871, 29953, 29955, 17972, 29889, 2169, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29945, 29900, 29900, 29947, 313, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 467, 512, 2114, 29892, 278, 17719, 756, 4653, 368, 411, 19811, 1233, 515, 278, 9033, 29933, 738, 3081, 304, 29668, 403, 515, 278, 6865, 6570, 15715, 5626, 373, 278, 10317, 310, 16715, 29915, 29879, 2306, 3131, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29945, 17972, 29889, 2169, 29889, 29871, 29941, 29929, 29906, 29945, 4852, 1576, 518, 1718, 29933, 29962, 4091, 451, 505, 24894, 29467, 304, 1209, 373, 278, 2854, 537, 310, 738, 11910, 310, 278, 5920, 310, 14879, 2169, 8250, 393, 756, 1063, 270, 11850, 2504, 352, 29887, 630, 491, 278, 10317, 310, 16715, 322, 4091, 14111, 278, 1326, 12112, 727, 974, 29892, 988, 13499, 8946, 29892, 297, 967, 1602, 12112, 2564, 13, 3267, 15715, 756, 2504, 352, 29887, 630, 1072, 8250, 20382, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 2823, 29871, 29906, 29929, 315, 15860, 16683, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29900, 29889, 29896, 29900, 29896, 29898, 29888, 29897, 29994, 29898, 29887, 29897, 313, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 467, 450, 17719, 29892, 3138, 29892, 756, 4653, 368, 2313, 13190, 738, 5995, 310, 316, 1659, 304, 963, 29889, 2823, 1771, 2575, 363, 3303, 3900, 408, 1913, 12473, 10837, 23395, 29871, 29941, 29941, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29947, 29889, 1094, 263, 1121, 29892, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 8004, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 23746, 297, 1706, 3993, 471, 451, 385, 376, 735, 6269, 895, 310, 518, 1552, 17719, 29915, 29879, 29962, 14329, 29908, 304, 1207, 6865, 19436, 278, 4889, 310, 4307, 29892, 341, 1479, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29941, 29941, 501, 29889, 317, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29953, 29994, 29906, 29906, 29955, 29892, 541, 3265, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 5181, 752, 13036, 411, 263, 1072, 2785, 393, 694, 697, 16726, 338, 16964, 1747, 310, 316, 1659, 297, 278, 937, 2058, 29889, 2823, 1706, 3993, 29892, 14445, 29967, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29994, 6156, 29990, 29994, 29900, 29906, 29929, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29900, 313, 29423, 5281, 393, 376, 1552, 9033, 29933, 338, 3216, 491, 278, 518, 8498, 442, 358, 310, 16715, 29962, 1072, 8250, 2564, 13, 797, 278, 18070, 310, 6561, 29894, 1617, 316, 1659, 29892, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 10608, 297, 1706, 3993, 1122, 5995, 871, 376, 690, 1103, 5034, 304, 967, 20408, 294, 20193, 29908, 1090, 4971, 333, 5514, 325, 29889, 14156, 669, 3189, 1696, 29871, 29941, 29906, 29941, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29896, 29941, 29946, 313, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29946, 467, 2823, 341, 1479, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29941, 29941, 501, 29889, 317, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29896, 29889, 1205, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 10608, 338, 443, 6774, 29884, 294, 573, 29892, 363, 278, 1784, 9590, 2307, 15648, 29889, 13, 1576, 9245, 29915, 29879, 19854, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 563, 11344, 2197, 19700, 263, 425, 566, 7606, 6437, 29889, 2648, 21653, 22873, 310, 1432, 310, 29899, 9639, 261, 29892, 19001, 29892, 322, 8078, 272, 310, 1432, 970, 5001, 29892, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 19854, 4988, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 3279, 1953, 304, 278, 5377, 4307, 29891, 414, 322, 3633, 1934, 1058, 1033, 505, 9213, 5557, 278, 1174, 1617, 5227, 566, 29889, 13, 6246, 393, 338, 451, 278, 1002, 1082, 11559, 5456, 29889, 11559, 427, 4924, 287, 263, 1788, 297, 607, 970, 5001, 22873, 723, 367, 10664, 491, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 322, 297, 607, 5377, 4307, 29891, 414, 29892, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 29892, 322, 3633, 1934, 723, 367, 1072, 7964, 491, 278, 3725, 29907, 322, 349, 5454, 14824, 29889, 11559, 1258, 451, 427, 4924, 263, 1788, 297, 607, 22873, 310, 916, 2024, 5381, 267, 30003, 14565, 408, 5941, 292, 322, 7632, 5001, 17162, 1058, 505, 2217, 14881, 411, 13258, 272, 29899, 12817, 14188, 322, 1058, 526, 4550, 4486, 480, 1573, 304, 6985, 297, 6459, 292, 5227, 566, 2750, 6232, 8948, 414, 30003, 29893, 483, 6416, 2629, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 4186, 29892, 817, 2222, 304, 1827, 29892, 1258, 372, 427, 4924, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 15399, 304, 278, 22329, 22873, 310, 14746, 310, 15724, 1058, 3799 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.14255

1.615088

-0.179208

0.12497

to work for public companies—housekeepers, gardeners, and babysitters who are also poorly positioned to prevent fraud against public company investors. And to the extent §1514A may have been underinclusive as first drafted, Congress has shown itself capable of filling in any gaps. See, e.g., Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, §§922, 929A, 124Stat. 1848, 1852 (extending §1514A to credit rating agencies and public company subsidiaries); §922, id., at 1841–1848 (codifying additional whistleblower incentive and protection program at 15 U. S. C. §78u–6). The Court's decision upsets the balance struck by Congress. Fortunately, just as Congress has added further protections to the system it originally designed when necessary, so too may Congress now respond to limit the far-reaching implications of the Court's interpretation. 12 But because that interpretation relies on a debatable view of §1514A's text, is inconsistent with the statute's titles and its context, and leads to absurd results that Congress did not intend, I respectfully dissent. 1 The majority uses the term "public company" as shorthand for 18 U. S. C. §1514A's reference to companies that either have " 'a class of securities registered under section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,' " or that are " 'required to file reports under section 15(d).' " Ante, at 7–8. I do the same. 2 In reaching the opposite conclusion, the majority rejects the concessions by the Government and petitioners and gives no weight to the ARB's interpretation. If §1514A creates a cause of action for contractor employees, the majority concludes, so too must it create a cause of action for "housekeepers" and "gardeners" against their individual employers if they happen to work for a public company. Ante, at 15. In reaching this result, however, the majority only adds to the absurdities produced by its holding. See infra, at 12–13. 3 Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, News, Contingent and Alternative Employment Arrangements, Feb. 2005, (July 27, 2005), online at http://www.bls.gov/news.release/‌conemp.nr0.htm (all Internet materials as visited on Feb. 28, 2014, and available in Clerk of Court's case file). 4 The Bureau of Labor Statistics distinguishes contract workers from independent contractors, defining the former as "[w]orkers who are employed by a company that provides them or their services to others under contract and who . . . usually work at the customer's worksite." Id., at 2 (Table A). 5 Penn, Staffing Firms Added Nearly 1 Million Jobs Over Four Years Since Recession, ASA Says, Bloomberg Law (Oct. 8, 2012), online at http://about.bloomberglaw.com/law-reports/staffing-firms-added-nearly-1-million-jobs-over-four-years-since-recession-asa-says/. 6 The majority submits that the hole might not be so problematic because §1514A "surely" prohibits a "public company from directing someone else to engage in retaliatory conduct against the public company's employees." Ante, at 13. It surely does, but that is the point—the whole reason §1514A(a) clearly does so is because it expressly forbids a public company to retaliate against its employees through "any officer, employee, contractor, subcontractor, or agent." The prohibition on retaliation through a contractor would be far less certain (hence the hole) if Congress had merely forbidden a public company to retaliate through its "officers and employees." Moreover, while the majority concedes that, under the narrower reading of §1514A, Congress' inclusion of the term "contractor" imposes secondary liability in the event a public company is judgment proof, ante,

[ 304, 664, 363, 970, 14582, 30003, 8697, 17462, 414, 29892, 16423, 414, 29892, 322, 289, 370, 952, 277, 2153, 1058, 526, 884, 6460, 368, 2602, 287, 304, 5557, 5227, 566, 2750, 970, 5001, 13258, 943, 29889, 1126, 304, 278, 15834, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 1122, 505, 1063, 1090, 262, 7009, 573, 408, 937, 18195, 287, 29892, 11559, 756, 4318, 3528, 15390, 310, 27523, 297, 738, 330, 2547, 29889, 2823, 29892, 321, 29889, 29887, 1696, 360, 22861, 29899, 7675, 29895, 14406, 7103, 23933, 322, 2138, 4680, 14409, 428, 3185, 29892, 16683, 30152, 29929, 29906, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29929, 29906, 29929, 29909, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29946, 9513, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29946, 29947, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29945, 29906, 313, 1062, 2548, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 16200, 21700, 946, 15942, 322, 970, 5001, 11684, 8819, 4314, 416, 16683, 29929, 29906, 29906, 29892, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29946, 29896, 29994, 29896, 29947, 29946, 29947, 313, 19284, 9215, 5684, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 297, 1760, 573, 322, 13047, 1824, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29955, 29947, 29884, 29994, 29953, 467, 13, 1576, 9245, 29915, 29879, 10608, 24081, 1691, 278, 17346, 15469, 491, 11559, 29889, 7236, 348, 2486, 29892, 925, 408, 11559, 756, 2715, 4340, 3279, 1953, 304, 278, 1788, 372, 10437, 8688, 746, 5181, 29892, 577, 2086, 1122, 11559, 1286, 10049, 304, 4046, 278, 2215, 29899, 276, 9733, 2411, 5795, 310, 278, 9245, 29915, 29879, 19854, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29906, 1205, 1363, 393, 19854, 337, 3687, 373, 263, 2553, 17219, 1776, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 1426, 29892, 338, 22435, 9696, 411, 278, 1002, 1082, 29915, 29879, 17735, 322, 967, 3030, 29892, 322, 11981, 304, 6425, 18245, 2582, 393, 11559, 1258, 451, 24042, 29892, 306, 3390, 3730, 16317, 296, 29889, 13, 29896, 450, 13638, 3913, 278, 1840, 376, 3597, 5001, 29908, 408, 528, 2072, 392, 363, 29871, 29896, 29947, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29915, 29879, 3407, 304, 14582, 393, 2845, 505, 376, 525, 29874, 770, 310, 409, 2764, 1907, 15443, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29906, 310, 278, 5356, 332, 1907, 24004, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29946, 5501, 376, 470, 393, 526, 376, 525, 12403, 304, 934, 13676, 1090, 4004, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29898, 29881, 467, 29915, 376, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29955, 29994, 29947, 29889, 306, 437, 278, 1021, 29889, 13, 29906, 512, 20888, 278, 11564, 15997, 29892, 278, 13638, 12560, 29879, 278, 378, 985, 1080, 491, 278, 10354, 322, 5697, 654, 414, 322, 4076, 694, 7688, 304, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 19854, 29889, 960, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 10017, 263, 4556, 310, 3158, 363, 8078, 272, 22873, 29892, 278, 13638, 378, 27722, 29892, 577, 2086, 1818, 372, 1653, 263, 4556, 310, 3158, 363, 376, 8697, 17462, 414, 29908, 322, 376, 29887, 7879, 414, 29908, 2750, 1009, 5375, 5703, 414, 565, 896, 3799, 304, 664, 363, 263, 970, 5001, 29889, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29889, 512, 20888, 445, 1121, 29892, 3138, 29892, 278, 13638, 871, 12778, 304, 278, 6425, 18245, 1907, 7371, 491, 967, 13587, 29889, 2823, 3041, 336, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29994, 29896, 29941, 29889, 13, 29941, 897, 415, 29889, 310, 16715, 29892, 18903, 310, 16715, 27098, 29892, 10130, 29892, 2866, 292, 296, 322, 12440, 1230, 7361, 22812, 25681, 574, 4110, 29892, 26319, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29945, 29892, 313, 29967, 11850, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29945, 511, 7395, 472, 1732, 597, 1636, 29889, 2204, 29879, 29889, 13513, 29914, 15753, 29889, 14096, 29914, 30430, 535, 3451, 29889, 22230, 29900, 29889, 13357, 313, 497, 4685, 17279, 408, 16669, 373, 26319, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29947, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29892, 322, 3625, 297, 315, 1358, 29895, 310, 9245, 29915, 29879, 1206, 934, 467, 13, 29946, 450, 18903, 310, 16715, 27098, 10121, 17006, 8078, 17162, 515, 7417, 8078, 943, 29892, 16184, 278, 4642, 408, 14704, 29893, 29962, 548, 414, 1058, 526, 15723, 491, 263, 5001, 393, 8128, 963, 470, 1009, 5786, 304, 4045, 1090, 8078, 322, 1058, 869, 869, 869, 5491, 664, 472, 278, 11962, 29915, 29879, 1736, 568, 1213, 5163, 1696, 472, 29871, 29906, 313, 3562, 319, 467, 13, 29945, 349, 2108, 29892, 15351, 292, 14152, 1516, 25601, 26206, 368, 29871, 29896, 8649, 291, 17163, 29879, 6811, 12458, 23857, 4001, 3599, 1211, 29892, 3339, 29909, 317, 1036, 29892, 11447, 290, 2552, 7927, 313, 25375, 29889, 29871, 29947, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 511, 7395, 472, 1732, 597, 12717, 29889, 14073, 290, 2552, 10653, 29889, 510, 29914, 10653, 29899, 276, 4011, 29914, 303, 3470, 292, 29899, 28034, 1516, 29899, 23959, 29899, 28502, 368, 29899, 29896, 29899, 19958, 291, 29899, 9057, 29879, 29899, 957, 29899, 17823, 29899, 6360, 29879, 29899, 16076, 29899, 276, 985, 291, 29899, 11290, 29899, 29879, 1036, 6294, 13, 29953, 450, 13638, 11834, 1169, 393, 278, 16188, 1795, 451, 367, 577, 1108, 2454, 1363, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 376, 29879, 545, 368, 29908, 21460, 1169, 263, 376, 3597, 5001, 515, 1513, 292, 4856, 1683, 304, 3033, 482, 297, 3240, 2606, 7606, 7512, 2750, 278, 970, 5001, 29915, 29879, 22873, 1213, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29889, 739, 18880, 947, 29892, 541, 393, 338, 278, 1298, 30003, 1552, 3353, 2769, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29898, 29874, 29897, 9436, 947, 577, 338, 1363, 372, 4653, 368, 19752, 4841, 263, 970, 5001, 304, 3240, 2606, 403, 2750, 967, 22873, 1549, 376, 1384, 12139, 29892, 19001, 29892, 8078, 272, 29892, 1014, 1285, 28891, 29892, 470, 10823, 1213, 450, 21460, 654, 373, 3240, 2606, 362, 1549, 263, 8078, 272, 723, 367, 2215, 3109, 3058, 313, 29882, 663, 278, 16188, 29897, 565, 11559, 750, 13586, 19752, 4215, 263, 970, 5001, 304, 3240, 2606, 403, 1549, 967, 376, 29877, 2416, 414, 322, 22873, 1213, 12808, 29892, 1550, 278, 13638, 27943, 267, 393, 29892, 1090, 278, 17655, 307, 556, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29892, 11559, 29915, 28694, 310, 278, 1840, 376, 1285, 28891, 29908, 7275, 267, 16723, 619, 3097, 297, 278, 1741, 263, 970, 5001, 338, 24284, 5296, 29892, 15053, 29892 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.196233

1.095974

-0.334991

-0.028712

at 13, the majority fails to recognize that Congress' use of the term also imposes primary liability against contractors who threaten public company employees without direction from the company. Thus, for example, FMR's interpretation of §1514A would prevent an outside accountant from threatening or harassing a public company employee who discovers that the accountant is defrauding the public company and who seeks to blow the whistle on that fraud. 7 Rogers, Do Firing Consultants Really Exist, Slate, Jan. 7, 2010, www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/explainer/2010/01/getting_the_ax_from_george_clooney.html. 8 The majority suggests that an outplacement firm would likely be acting as an "agent" for the public company, such that Congress' additional inclusion of the word "contractor" would be superfluous under the narrower reading of §1514A. Ante, at 11, n. 9. The two words are not legally synonymous, however. An outplacement firm and public company might, for example, enter into a contract with a provision expressly disclaiming an agency relationship. Moreover, Congress' use of the term "contractor" would in all events have an independent and important effect: If Congress had not included the term, no one could be held liable if a contractor were to threaten or harass a public company employee without the company's direction. While the major-ity may speculate that such occurrences are rare, ibid., it is hardly unthinkable. See n. 6, supra. 9 Recognizing that the majority's reading would lead to a "notably expansive scope untethered to the purpose of the statute," the District Court in this case sought to impose an extratextual limiting principle under which an employee who reports fraud is entitled to protection only if her report "relat[es] to fraud against shareholders." 724 F. Supp. 2d 141, 160 (Mass. 2010). The District Court acknowledged, however, that "the language of the statute itself does not plainly provide such a limiting principle," id., at 158, and the majority does not attempt to revive that limitation here. 10 The majority also contends that its reading is necessary to avoid "insulating the entire mutual fund industry from §1514A." Ante, at 20. But that argument is misguided for a reason similar to the majority's concern about lawyers and accountants. As this Court has observed, Congress responded to the " 'potential for abuse inherent in the structure of investment companies,' " Daily Income Fund, Inc. v. Fox, 464 U. S. 523, 536 (1984) , by enacting the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. 15 U. S. C. §80a–1 et seq.; §80b–1 et seq. The Advisers Act in particular grants the SEC broad regulatory authority to regulate mutual fund investment advisers.§80b–11. The Act also authorizes fines and imprisonment of up to five years for violations of SEC rules. The SEC thus has broad discretion to punish retaliatory actions taken by mutual fund advisers against their employees. And to the extent these provisions may have been insufficient to protect mutual fund adviser employees, §78u–6's extensive whistleblower incentive and protection program now unambiguously covers such employees. 11 Although it claims not to reach the issue, ante, at 9, n. 6, the majority implicitly declines to defer to a portion of the ARB's ruling as well, rejecting the ARB's ruling that §1514A does not apply to the household employees of public company officers and employees, ante, at 15, and n. 11. 12 Congress could, for example, limit §1514A to contractor employees in only those professions that can assist in detecting fraud on public company shareholders, or it could restrict the fraud reports that trigger whistleblower protection to those that implicate the interests of public company investors, see n.

[ 472, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29892, 278, 13638, 8465, 304, 18720, 393, 11559, 29915, 671, 310, 278, 1840, 884, 7275, 267, 7601, 619, 3097, 2750, 8078, 943, 1058, 20616, 970, 5001, 22873, 1728, 5305, 515, 278, 5001, 29889, 6549, 29892, 363, 1342, 29892, 20499, 29934, 29915, 29879, 19854, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 723, 5557, 385, 5377, 3633, 424, 515, 20616, 292, 470, 4023, 465, 292, 263, 970, 5001, 19001, 1058, 17021, 874, 393, 278, 3633, 424, 338, 822, 336, 566, 292, 278, 970, 5001, 322, 1058, 1074, 2039, 304, 13031, 278, 377, 391, 280, 373, 393, 5227, 566, 29889, 13, 29955, 9272, 414, 29892, 1938, 383, 8491, 2138, 499, 1934, 830, 635, 1222, 391, 29892, 317, 9632, 29892, 2627, 29889, 29871, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29892, 7821, 29889, 2536, 403, 29889, 510, 29914, 18569, 29914, 15753, 29918, 392, 29918, 20087, 1199, 29914, 4548, 433, 4983, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29914, 29900, 29896, 29914, 29264, 29918, 1552, 29918, 1165, 29918, 3166, 29918, 479, 3890, 29918, 15126, 4992, 29889, 1420, 29889, 13, 29947, 450, 13638, 14661, 393, 385, 714, 29886, 9552, 9226, 723, 5517, 367, 16684, 408, 385, 376, 14748, 29908, 363, 278, 970, 5001, 29892, 1316, 393, 11559, 29915, 5684, 28694, 310, 278, 1734, 376, 1285, 28891, 29908, 723, 367, 2428, 1579, 17269, 1090, 278, 17655, 307, 556, 5183, 310, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 29889, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29929, 29889, 450, 1023, 3838, 526, 451, 2814, 635, 5222, 11428, 29892, 3138, 29889, 530, 714, 29886, 9552, 9226, 322, 970, 5001, 1795, 29892, 363, 1342, 29892, 3896, 964, 263, 8078, 411, 263, 25161, 4653, 368, 2313, 8342, 292, 385, 946, 3819, 9443, 29889, 12808, 29892, 11559, 29915, 671, 310, 278, 1840, 376, 1285, 28891, 29908, 723, 297, 599, 4959, 505, 385, 7417, 322, 4100, 2779, 29901, 960, 11559, 750, 451, 5134, 278, 1840, 29892, 694, 697, 1033, 367, 4934, 619, 519, 565, 263, 8078, 272, 892, 304, 20616, 470, 4023, 465, 263, 970, 5001, 19001, 1728, 278, 5001, 29915, 29879, 5305, 29889, 5806, 278, 4655, 29899, 537, 1122, 1580, 5987, 393, 1316, 13920, 2063, 526, 10812, 29892, 474, 23883, 1696, 372, 338, 15155, 443, 386, 682, 519, 29889, 2823, 302, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29892, 13159, 336, 29889, 13, 29929, 3599, 3811, 5281, 393, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 5183, 723, 3275, 304, 263, 376, 1333, 2197, 1518, 550, 573, 6874, 443, 29873, 1979, 287, 304, 278, 6437, 310, 278, 1002, 1082, 1699, 278, 7457, 9245, 297, 445, 1206, 18365, 304, 2411, 852, 385, 17541, 403, 486, 950, 4046, 292, 12502, 1090, 607, 385, 19001, 1058, 13676, 5227, 566, 338, 23437, 304, 13047, 871, 565, 902, 3461, 376, 2674, 271, 29961, 267, 29962, 304, 5227, 566, 2750, 6232, 8948, 414, 1213, 29871, 29955, 29906, 29946, 383, 29889, 9179, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29881, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29900, 313, 29924, 465, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 467, 450, 7457, 9245, 24084, 3192, 29892, 3138, 29892, 393, 376, 1552, 4086, 310, 278, 1002, 1082, 3528, 947, 451, 8656, 368, 3867, 1316, 263, 4046, 292, 12502, 1699, 1178, 1696, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29947, 29892, 322, 278, 13638, 947, 451, 4218, 304, 6664, 573, 393, 29485, 1244, 29889, 13, 29896, 29900, 450, 13638, 884, 640, 1975, 393, 967, 5183, 338, 5181, 304, 4772, 376, 1144, 18099, 278, 4152, 5478, 950, 5220, 13661, 515, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 1213, 530, 371, 29892, 472, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29889, 1205, 393, 2980, 338, 3984, 2543, 2618, 363, 263, 2769, 2788, 304, 278, 13638, 29915, 29879, 5932, 1048, 4307, 29891, 414, 322, 3633, 1934, 29889, 1094, 445, 9245, 756, 8900, 29892, 11559, 10049, 287, 304, 278, 376, 525, 17765, 2556, 363, 633, 1509, 7846, 296, 297, 278, 3829, 310, 13258, 358, 14582, 5501, 376, 23331, 512, 2763, 13249, 29892, 9266, 29889, 325, 29889, 14802, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29953, 29946, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 29871, 29945, 29906, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29941, 29953, 313, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29946, 29897, 1919, 491, 427, 627, 292, 278, 512, 10147, 358, 6938, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29900, 322, 278, 512, 10147, 358, 2087, 1730, 414, 3185, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29900, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29945, 501, 29889, 317, 29889, 315, 29889, 16683, 29947, 29900, 29874, 29994, 29896, 634, 19359, 8670, 16683, 29947, 29900, 29890, 29994, 29896, 634, 19359, 29889, 450, 2087, 1730, 414, 3185, 297, 3153, 867, 1934, 278, 3725, 29907, 7300, 24378, 7606, 14329, 304, 1072, 5987, 5478, 950, 5220, 13258, 358, 25228, 414, 29889, 30152, 29947, 29900, 29890, 29994, 29896, 29896, 29889, 450, 3185, 884, 4148, 7093, 1436, 267, 322, 29535, 358, 310, 701, 304, 5320, 2440, 363, 5537, 800, 310, 3725, 29907, 6865, 29889, 450, 3725, 29907, 4550, 756, 7300, 766, 4838, 291, 304, 6035, 728, 3240, 2606, 7606, 8820, 4586, 491, 5478, 950, 5220, 25228, 414, 2750, 1009, 22873, 29889, 1126, 304, 278, 15834, 1438, 1326, 12112, 1122, 505, 1063, 1663, 29884, 4543, 304, 12566, 5478, 950, 5220, 25228, 261, 22873, 29892, 16683, 29955, 29947, 29884, 29994, 29953, 29915, 29879, 20607, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 297, 1760, 573, 322, 13047, 1824, 1286, 443, 14727, 5794, 18469, 1316, 22873, 29889, 13, 29896, 29896, 8512, 372, 16726, 451, 304, 6159, 278, 2228, 29892, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29929, 29892, 302, 29889, 29871, 29953, 29892, 278, 13638, 27063, 4845, 1475, 304, 316, 571, 304, 263, 11910, 310, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 364, 19478, 408, 1532, 29892, 12560, 292, 278, 9033, 29933, 29915, 29879, 364, 19478, 393, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 947, 451, 3394, 304, 278, 22329, 22873, 310, 970, 5001, 13049, 322, 22873, 29892, 15053, 29892, 472, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29892, 322, 302, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29889, 13, 29896, 29906, 11559, 1033, 29892, 363, 1342, 29892, 4046, 16683, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29946, 29909, 304, 8078, 272, 22873, 297, 871, 1906, 2600, 10964, 393, 508, 6985, 297, 6459, 292, 5227, 566, 373, 970, 5001, 6232, 8948, 414, 29892, 470, 372, 1033, 9250, 278, 5227, 566, 13676, 393, 7135, 377, 391, 19982, 13609, 13047, 304, 1906, 393, 2411, 5926, 278, 20017, 310, 970, 5001, 13258, 943, 29892, 1074, 302, 29889 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.095363

1.272473

-0.340595

0.088289

Q: Cisco 837 not passing UDP traffic properly (was: DNS query problem) We have a setup of ADSL line -> Cisco 837 ADSL router -> Zyxel ZyWall 35 firewall/NAT -> Switch -> LAN. It has been fine for years, suddenly DNS resolution stopped working from the LAN to public DNS servers. No changes that I know of, so I can't revert anything. Current behaviour: * *DNS requests from the LAN using TCP show up in the oubound firewall log, in the Cisco debug log, in the dns-server-firewall, in tcpdump on the DNS server, the answer comes back, it works fine. *DNS requests from the LAN using UDP show up in the outbound firewall log, in the Cisco debug log, but does NOT show in the dns-server-firewall, not in tcpdump on the DNS server, times out. *DNS requests from the Cisco using UDP show up in the dns-server-firewall and in tcpdump on the DNS server, answer received, works fine. *netcat connections to port 53 or a random port by TCP show up in the dns-server-firewall *netcat connections to port 53 or a random port by UDP do not show up in the dns-server-firewall Summary: TCP seems fine throughought. UDP works from the Cisco over the ADSL, and it works from the LAN to the Cisco, but it doesn't seem to cross the Cisco 837 properly. Update: confirmed with netcat that any UDP traffic from the LAN is affected, not just traffic to port 53. Update: If I change the firewall's external IP to any other IP in the subnet, this starts working. When I put it back, it stops working. I now suspect it's an ISP issue (does that sound plausible?), and am removing the Cisco config. A: * *Is it just udp or is tcp also affected? *Are there any IPv4/IPv6 issues (sometimes routers get confused, thou I've seen that only for really cheap ones) A way to test that would be (using Google DNS servers): $ dig @8.8.8.8 example.com +noall +answer +notcp +ignore # udp only example.com. 50270 IN A 192.0.43.10 ;; Received 45 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8) in 29 ms $ dig -4 example.com +noall +answer +notcp +ignore # udp only/ipv4 only example.com. 50270 IN A 192.0.43.10 $ dig -6 example.com +noall +answer +notcp +ignore # udp only/ipv6 only example.com. 50270 IN A 192.0.43.10 ;; Received 45 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8) in 29 ms $ dig @8.8.8.8 example.com +noall +answer +tcp # tcp only example.com. 50256 IN A 192.0.43.10 ;; Received 45 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8) in 30 ms $ dig -4 example.com +noall +answer +tcp # tcp only/ipv4 only example.com. 50256 IN A 192.0.43.10 ;; Received 45 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8) in 30 ms $ dig -6 example.com +noall +answer +tcp # tcp only/ipv6 only example.com. 50256 IN A 192.0.43.10 ;; Received 45 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8) in 30

[ 660, 29901, 315, 275, 1111, 29871, 29947, 29941, 29955, 451, 6819, 501, 11191, 12469, 6284, 313, 11102, 29901, 16332, 2346, 1108, 29897, 1334, 505, 263, 6230, 310, 319, 8452, 29931, 1196, 1599, 315, 275, 1111, 29871, 29947, 29941, 29955, 319, 8452, 29931, 12876, 1599, 796, 29891, 29916, 295, 796, 29891, 29956, 497, 29871, 29941, 29945, 25570, 29914, 29940, 1299, 1599, 28176, 1599, 365, 2190, 29889, 13, 3112, 756, 1063, 2691, 363, 2440, 29892, 11584, 16332, 10104, 11084, 1985, 515, 278, 365, 2190, 304, 970, 16332, 12424, 29889, 1939, 3620, 393, 306, 1073, 310, 29892, 577, 306, 508, 29915, 29873, 29538, 3099, 29889, 13, 7583, 10468, 29901, 13, 13, 13, 29930, 13, 13, 29930, 29928, 3059, 7274, 515, 278, 365, 2190, 773, 19374, 1510, 701, 297, 278, 2123, 9917, 25570, 1480, 29892, 297, 278, 315, 275, 1111, 4744, 1480, 29892, 297, 278, 270, 1983, 29899, 2974, 29899, 8696, 11358, 29892, 297, 22729, 15070, 373, 278, 16332, 1923, 29892, 278, 1234, 5304, 1250, 29892, 372, 1736, 2691, 29889, 13, 13, 29930, 29928, 3059, 7274, 515, 278, 365, 2190, 773, 501, 11191, 1510, 701, 297, 278, 714, 9917, 25570, 1480, 29892, 297, 278, 315, 275, 1111, 4744, 1480, 29892, 541, 947, 6058, 1510, 297, 278, 270, 1983, 29899, 2974, 29899, 8696, 11358, 29892, 451, 297, 22729, 15070, 373, 278, 16332, 1923, 29892, 3064, 714, 29889, 13, 13, 29930, 29928, 3059, 7274, 515, 278, 315, 275, 1111, 773, 501, 11191, 1510, 701, 297, 278, 270, 1983, 29899, 2974, 29899, 8696, 11358, 322, 297, 22729, 15070, 373, 278, 16332, 1923, 29892, 1234, 4520, 29892, 1736, 2691, 29889, 13, 13, 29930, 1212, 4117, 12368, 304, 2011, 29871, 29945, 29941, 470, 263, 4036, 2011, 491, 19374, 1510, 701, 297, 278, 270, 1983, 29899, 2974, 29899, 8696, 11358, 13, 13, 29930, 1212, 4117, 12368, 304, 2011, 29871, 29945, 29941, 470, 263, 4036, 2011, 491, 501, 11191, 437, 451, 1510, 701, 297, 278, 270, 1983, 29899, 2974, 29899, 8696, 11358, 13, 13, 13, 26289, 29901, 19374, 2444, 2691, 1549, 1774, 29889, 501, 11191, 1736, 515, 278, 315, 275, 1111, 975, 278, 319, 8452, 29931, 29892, 322, 372, 1736, 515, 278, 365, 2190, 304, 278, 315, 275, 1111, 29892, 541, 372, 1838, 29915, 29873, 2833, 304, 4891, 278, 315, 275, 1111, 29871, 29947, 29941, 29955, 6284, 29889, 10318, 29901, 16725, 411, 7787, 4117, 393, 738, 501, 11191, 12469, 515, 278, 365, 2190, 338, 15201, 29892, 451, 925, 12469, 304, 2011, 29871, 29945, 29941, 29889, 13, 6422, 29901, 960, 306, 1735, 278, 25570, 29915, 29879, 7029, 5641, 304, 738, 916, 5641, 297, 278, 1014, 1212, 29892, 445, 8665, 1985, 29889, 1932, 306, 1925, 372, 1250, 29892, 372, 17726, 1985, 29889, 306, 1286, 12326, 372, 29915, 29879, 385, 306, 5550, 2228, 313, 13221, 393, 6047, 2174, 375, 1821, 29973, 511, 322, 626, 11077, 278, 315, 275, 1111, 2295, 29889, 13, 13, 29909, 29901, 334, 13, 13, 29930, 3624, 372, 925, 318, 6099, 470, 338, 22729, 884, 15201, 29973, 13, 13, 29930, 17506, 727, 738, 5641, 29894, 29946, 29914, 5690, 29894, 29953, 5626, 313, 29879, 14618, 16053, 2153, 679, 9613, 29892, 12595, 306, 29915, 345, 3595, 393, 871, 363, 2289, 28773, 6743, 29897, 13, 13, 13, 29909, 982, 304, 1243, 393, 723, 367, 313, 4746, 5087, 16332, 12424, 1125, 13, 29938, 4697, 732, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 1342, 29889, 510, 718, 1217, 497, 718, 12011, 718, 1333, 6814, 718, 17281, 396, 318, 6099, 871, 13, 4773, 29889, 510, 29889, 308, 29945, 29900, 29906, 29955, 29900, 259, 2672, 29871, 319, 1678, 29896, 29929, 29906, 29889, 29900, 29889, 29946, 29941, 29889, 29896, 29900, 13, 7859, 24328, 2347, 29871, 29946, 29945, 6262, 515, 29871, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29937, 29945, 29941, 29898, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29897, 297, 29871, 29906, 29929, 10887, 13, 13, 29938, 4697, 448, 29946, 1342, 29889, 510, 718, 1217, 497, 718, 12011, 718, 1333, 6814, 718, 17281, 396, 318, 6099, 871, 29914, 666, 29894, 29946, 871, 13, 4773, 29889, 510, 29889, 308, 29945, 29900, 29906, 29955, 29900, 259, 2672, 29871, 319, 1678, 29896, 29929, 29906, 29889, 29900, 29889, 29946, 29941, 29889, 29896, 29900, 13, 13, 29938, 4697, 448, 29953, 1342, 29889, 510, 718, 1217, 497, 718, 12011, 718, 1333, 6814, 718, 17281, 396, 318, 6099, 871, 29914, 666, 29894, 29953, 871, 13, 4773, 29889, 510, 29889, 308, 29945, 29900, 29906, 29955, 29900, 259, 2672, 29871, 319, 1678, 29896, 29929, 29906, 29889, 29900, 29889, 29946, 29941, 29889, 29896, 29900, 13, 7859, 24328, 2347, 29871, 29946, 29945, 6262, 515, 29871, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29937, 29945, 29941, 29898, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29897, 297, 29871, 29906, 29929, 10887, 13, 13, 29938, 4697, 732, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 1342, 29889, 510, 718, 1217, 497, 718, 12011, 718, 23981, 396, 22729, 871, 13, 4773, 29889, 510, 29889, 308, 29945, 29900, 29906, 29945, 29953, 259, 2672, 29871, 319, 1678, 29896, 29929, 29906, 29889, 29900, 29889, 29946, 29941, 29889, 29896, 29900, 13, 7859, 24328, 2347, 29871, 29946, 29945, 6262, 515, 29871, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29937, 29945, 29941, 29898, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29897, 297, 29871, 29941, 29900, 10887, 13, 13, 29938, 4697, 448, 29946, 1342, 29889, 510, 718, 1217, 497, 718, 12011, 718, 23981, 396, 22729, 871, 29914, 666, 29894, 29946, 871, 13, 4773, 29889, 510, 29889, 308, 29945, 29900, 29906, 29945, 29953, 259, 2672, 29871, 319, 1678, 29896, 29929, 29906, 29889, 29900, 29889, 29946, 29941, 29889, 29896, 29900, 13, 7859, 24328, 2347, 29871, 29946, 29945, 6262, 515, 29871, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29937, 29945, 29941, 29898, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29897, 297, 29871, 29941, 29900, 10887, 13, 13, 29938, 4697, 448, 29953, 1342, 29889, 510, 718, 1217, 497, 718, 12011, 718, 23981, 396, 22729, 871, 29914, 666, 29894, 29953, 871, 13, 4773, 29889, 510, 29889, 308, 29945, 29900, 29906, 29945, 29953, 259, 2672, 29871, 319, 1678, 29896, 29929, 29906, 29889, 29900, 29889, 29946, 29941, 29889, 29896, 29900, 13, 7859, 24328, 2347, 29871, 29946, 29945, 6262, 515, 29871, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29937, 29945, 29941, 29898, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29889, 29947, 29897, 297, 29871, 29941, 29900 ]

1,024

StackExchange

-1.634917

-0.285194

-0.524176

-0.844558

Home / Exclusives / Discussing the Outdoor Game, Charities and Success with Kings President Luc Robitaille Discussing the Outdoor Game, Charities and Success with Kings President Luc Robitaille Ryan Cowley December 12, 2013 Comments Off on Discussing the Outdoor Game, Charities and Success with Kings President Luc Robitaille Following their inception in 1967, the Los Angeles Kings have had many of hockey's best don their uniform. Hall-of-Famers like Terry Sawchuk, Marcel Dionne and Wayne Gretzky have all once called Los Angeles home in addition to the likes of team legends Rogie Vachon, Dave Taylor and Daryl Evans. As extensive as the list of former Kings are, no player has been more synonymous with the Los Angeles Kings than Luc Robitaille who, after spending the majority of his playing career with the club, was named their President of Business Operations in 2007. I had the opportunity to speak to Mr. Robitaille about the Kings' transformation into one of the NHL's elite contenders, his thoughts on his team's much-anticipated outdoor game at Dodger Stadium as well as some of his charity work, including with his own foundation, Echoes of Hope. First off, I asked Mr. Robitaille how it had been watching the Kings gradually converted into an elite championship contender, ultimately winning the Stanley Cup in 2012. "It's been an amazing ride," Robitaille began. "We took our time and rebuilt our team we filled the right way and then to get to that playoff series where everything seems to come the right way. To winning the Stanley Cup after waiting 45 years, it has certainly been an amazing ride and it was something pretty special. It was a memorable moment, that's for sure." For many players drafted in the ninth round, discouragement is inevitable, even overbearing. That boyhood dream of playing in the NHL may seem too insurmountable to achieve. Though whatever negativity that comes with being drafted so late, no one bothered to tell Luc Robitaille. Drafted in the ninth round (171st overall) of the 1984 Draft, Robitaille's dream never wavered. Coming off an 85-point junior season with the QMJHL's Hull Olympiques, Robitaille's determination to make the NHL only grew – and exponentially at that. In 64 games in 1984-85, Robitaille set the QMJHL on fire scoring 55 goals and adding 93 assists for inconceivable total of 148 points. The following season, in what was his final junior campaign, was, believe it or not, even better, scoring 68 goals in 63 games while adding an unfathomable 123 assists for 191 points. Robitaille's numbers were more than enough to show that he belonged in the National Hockey League – and the Kings agreed, calling the 20-year-old up for the start of the 1986-87 season. Whether anyone knew it at the time or not, fans in southern California were about to welcome who would become not only one of the greatest players in their team's history but in hockey history. When the Los Angeles Kings raised his No. 20 to the rafters of the Staples Center in 2007 and even when he was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 2009, I asked Robitaille how he looked back on his career in Los Angeles after said events. "From the day I stepped foot here, I felt that I was part of this franchise deep in my heart," Robitaille told me. "And I just feel fortunate that I'm now in my late-40s and I'm still involved with the game I love and just being able to do things every day that touches the sport and the franchise I love so much." Turning our attention away from the Kings, I asked Mr. Robitaille about some of his charity work including March of Dimes Canada, an organization I am personally involved with, as well as his own charity. Founded in 1951, March of Dimes Canada was formed to raise funds to support research into finding a cure for polio. Over the years, the non-profit organization has branched out to help people

[ 8778, 847, 1222, 7009, 3145, 847, 8565, 1558, 292, 278, 4451, 17433, 8448, 29892, 2896, 1907, 322, 21397, 411, 21701, 7178, 10315, 6417, 277, 8284, 13, 4205, 13571, 292, 278, 4451, 17433, 8448, 29892, 2896, 1907, 322, 21397, 411, 21701, 7178, 10315, 6417, 277, 8284, 13, 29934, 10094, 21638, 2330, 5846, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 12, 1523, 1860, 5947, 373, 8565, 1558, 292, 278, 4451, 17433, 8448, 29892, 2896, 1907, 322, 21397, 411, 21701, 7178, 10315, 6417, 277, 8284, 13, 29943, 2952, 292, 1009, 297, 1441, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29955, 29892, 278, 4602, 10722, 21701, 505, 750, 1784, 310, 18881, 29915, 29879, 1900, 1016, 1009, 9090, 29889, 6573, 29899, 974, 29899, 29943, 314, 414, 763, 27571, 317, 1450, 305, 2679, 29892, 16633, 360, 291, 484, 322, 25843, 402, 2267, 29920, 3459, 505, 599, 2748, 2000, 4602, 10722, 3271, 297, 6124, 304, 278, 4188, 267, 310, 3815, 2814, 1975, 9272, 347, 478, 496, 265, 29892, 17841, 12537, 322, 360, 653, 29880, 24056, 29889, 1094, 20607, 408, 278, 1051, 310, 4642, 21701, 526, 29892, 694, 4847, 756, 1063, 901, 5222, 11428, 411, 278, 4602, 10722, 21701, 1135, 10315, 6417, 277, 8284, 1058, 29892, 1156, 805, 2548, 278, 13638, 310, 670, 8743, 6413, 411, 278, 4402, 29892, 471, 4257, 1009, 7178, 310, 15197, 6607, 800, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29955, 29889, 13, 29902, 750, 278, 15130, 304, 7726, 304, 3237, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 1048, 278, 21701, 29915, 13852, 964, 697, 310, 278, 405, 15444, 29915, 29879, 560, 568, 640, 21043, 29892, 670, 13133, 373, 670, 3815, 29915, 29879, 1568, 29899, 7716, 666, 630, 714, 17433, 3748, 472, 360, 397, 914, 17213, 408, 1532, 408, 777, 310, 670, 1373, 537, 664, 29892, 3704, 411, 670, 1914, 22778, 29892, 382, 1859, 267, 310, 7963, 29889, 13, 6730, 1283, 29892, 306, 4433, 3237, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 920, 372, 750, 1063, 21217, 278, 21701, 22020, 11543, 964, 385, 560, 568, 22401, 640, 1581, 29892, 18973, 15613, 278, 21631, 6536, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 29889, 13, 29908, 3112, 29915, 29879, 1063, 385, 21863, 292, 22203, 1699, 6417, 277, 8284, 4689, 29889, 376, 4806, 3614, 1749, 931, 322, 337, 16145, 1749, 3815, 591, 10423, 278, 1492, 982, 322, 769, 304, 679, 304, 393, 1708, 2696, 3652, 988, 4129, 2444, 304, 2041, 278, 1492, 982, 29889, 1763, 15613, 278, 21631, 6536, 1156, 10534, 29871, 29946, 29945, 2440, 29892, 372, 756, 8959, 1063, 385, 21863, 292, 22203, 322, 372, 471, 1554, 5051, 4266, 29889, 739, 471, 263, 26959, 519, 3256, 29892, 393, 29915, 29879, 363, 1854, 1213, 13, 2831, 1784, 10769, 18195, 287, 297, 278, 17081, 386, 4513, 29892, 2313, 283, 1431, 882, 338, 297, 5750, 8270, 29892, 1584, 975, 29890, 799, 292, 29889, 2193, 8023, 6614, 12561, 310, 8743, 297, 278, 405, 15444, 1122, 2833, 2086, 1663, 332, 16476, 519, 304, 6176, 29889, 14832, 6514, 3480, 28157, 393, 5304, 411, 1641, 18195, 287, 577, 5683, 29892, 694, 697, 24738, 287, 304, 2649, 10315, 6417, 277, 8284, 29889, 13, 29928, 4154, 287, 297, 278, 17081, 386, 4513, 313, 29896, 29955, 29896, 303, 12463, 29897, 310, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29946, 360, 4154, 29892, 6417, 277, 8284, 29915, 29879, 12561, 2360, 11324, 369, 287, 29889, 422, 292, 1283, 385, 29871, 29947, 29945, 29899, 3149, 20183, 4259, 411, 278, 660, 29924, 29967, 15444, 29915, 29879, 379, 913, 6167, 3783, 29892, 6417, 277, 8284, 29915, 29879, 3683, 3381, 304, 1207, 278, 405, 15444, 871, 13631, 785, 322, 18709, 9247, 472, 393, 29889, 512, 29871, 29953, 29946, 8090, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29946, 29899, 29947, 29945, 29892, 6417, 277, 8284, 731, 278, 660, 29924, 29967, 15444, 373, 3974, 26654, 29871, 29945, 29945, 14433, 322, 4417, 29871, 29929, 29941, 1223, 2879, 363, 22629, 346, 440, 519, 3001, 310, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29947, 3291, 29889, 450, 1494, 4259, 29892, 297, 825, 471, 670, 2186, 20183, 11531, 29892, 471, 29892, 4658, 372, 470, 451, 29892, 1584, 2253, 29892, 26654, 29871, 29953, 29947, 14433, 297, 29871, 29953, 29941, 8090, 1550, 4417, 385, 29395, 493, 290, 519, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29941, 1223, 2879, 363, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29896, 3291, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 29915, 29879, 3694, 892, 901, 1135, 3307, 304, 1510, 393, 540, 28911, 297, 278, 3086, 19993, 5165, 785, 322, 278, 21701, 15502, 29892, 5432, 278, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29899, 6360, 29899, 1025, 701, 363, 278, 1369, 310, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29953, 29899, 29947, 29955, 4259, 29889, 26460, 5019, 6363, 372, 472, 278, 931, 470, 451, 29892, 24909, 297, 14841, 8046, 892, 1048, 304, 12853, 1058, 723, 4953, 451, 871, 697, 310, 278, 14176, 10769, 297, 1009, 3815, 29915, 29879, 4955, 541, 297, 18881, 4955, 29889, 13, 10401, 278, 4602, 10722, 21701, 10425, 670, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 304, 278, 1153, 906, 29879, 310, 278, 624, 481, 793, 7817, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29955, 322, 1584, 746, 540, 471, 22799, 287, 964, 278, 19993, 6573, 310, 21808, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29929, 29892, 306, 4433, 6417, 277, 8284, 920, 540, 5148, 1250, 373, 670, 6413, 297, 4602, 10722, 1156, 1497, 4959, 29889, 13, 29908, 4591, 278, 2462, 306, 28996, 3661, 1244, 29892, 306, 7091, 393, 306, 471, 760, 310, 445, 23272, 895, 6483, 297, 590, 5192, 1699, 6417, 277, 8284, 5429, 592, 29889, 376, 2855, 306, 925, 4459, 5162, 348, 403, 393, 306, 29915, 29885, 1286, 297, 590, 5683, 29899, 29946, 29900, 29879, 322, 306, 29915, 29885, 1603, 9701, 411, 278, 3748, 306, 5360, 322, 925, 1641, 2221, 304, 437, 2712, 1432, 2462, 393, 6023, 267, 278, 7980, 322, 278, 23272, 895, 306, 5360, 577, 1568, 1213, 13, 27407, 292, 1749, 8570, 3448, 515, 278, 21701, 29892, 306, 4433, 3237, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 1048, 777, 310, 670, 1373, 537, 664, 3704, 4779, 310, 360, 1355, 7400, 29892, 385, 13013, 306, 626, 22345, 9701, 411, 29892, 408, 1532, 408, 670, 1914, 1373, 537, 29889, 13, 29943, 7261, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29945, 29896, 29892, 4779, 310, 360, 1355, 7400, 471, 8429, 304, 12020, 29199, 304, 2304, 5925, 964, 9138, 263, 274, 545, 363, 1248, 601, 29889, 6811, 278, 2440, 29892, 278, 1661, 29899, 771, 9202, 13013, 756, 5443, 287, 714, 304, 1371, 2305 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.629074

-0.738445

0.549292

-0.117096

of all physical disabilities enhance their independence and community participation through a wide range of programs and services across Canada. I asked Mr. Robitaille to elaborate on what motivated him and his family to become involved with March of Dimes Canada. "It's a great foundation. You can really make a direct connection and you can make a difference," Robitaille enthusiastically pointed out. "But to tell you the truth, for me and my wife and even my kids, we'll support foundations that we know the people that work for it are doing it for the right reasons and March of Dimes is no doubt like that. "I think any time we have an opportunity to give back a little bit, why not? That's what we live this life for. If we can help each other, I think it's a lot of fun. It makes it more fun to do what we get to do and live our dream." In addition, Mr. Robitaille and his wife Stacia formed their own charity which I had the chance to ask the Hall-of-Famer about. "When Hurricane Katrina happened, we realized there were a lot of families struggling in New Orleans and we helped a bunch of families restart their lives," Robitaille told me. "But throughout the process, we came across this problem where a lot of kids that are emancipated at 18, especially the ones that want to go to school or go to college, don't have any support to see it through. "So since then, we formed a foundation called Echoes of Hope and we work with kids who are foster youths, some of them you can call them at-risk youth, and we make sure that, first of all, they've got to go to school and then they're applying for college, moving forward, getting jobs and so forth. We want to make sure there's someone there saying, 'Hey, we're here and we're going to help you. Let's see it through,' because a lot of them never had a parent or they've never had a mentor so at least just help them. Every one of us has had someone help us at one point in our lives and a lot of kids, when they turn 18, they've got no one to turn to. So, we make sure they can turn to Echoes of Hope, some of us who are involved with the foundation can help them." One of Echoes of Hope's most popular events is the Luc Robitaille Celebrity Shootout which is held every January in Park City, UT and some its participants include Kings fan favourites Ian Laperriere and Marty McSorley in addition to March of Dimes Canada ambassador Alan Thicke. I asked Mr. Robitaille to enlighten us on how the event was first created and how it's become so popular since. "A friend of mine runs Sony Pictures Classics, Tom Bernard, and he loves hockey. Tom said, 'Look, I'd love for you to do a game there,' and he said 'I'll support you and help you,' and that's how it started six years ago," the Kings' president said. "I said we'll do a game and do it for Echoes of Hope, he's supported us and helped us over the years and that's how it started. It's grown every year and it's getting bigger every year and it's just a lot of fun for everyone." For more information on Echoes of Hope whether you'd like to donate or find out more about their events, please be sure to visit www.echoesofhope.org today. While 2013-14 marks the first full season since 2011-12, a new divisional format as well as NHLers once again competing in the Winter Olympics, this season will also introduce a series of outdoor games as part of the NHL's Stadium Series coming off the huge success of the Winter Classic. One of those outdoor games will be taking place at Los Angeles's Dodger Stadium where the hometown Kings will play host to their crosstown rivals, the Anaheim Ducks, on January 25. I asked Mr. Robitaille the consensus among the Kings' staff and whether they were excited as the fans about the upcoming game as well as to elaborate on the steps the team is taking to ensure that the outdoor game will be a success. "We're still working really hard. We think it's going to be one of the greatest moments for southern California hockey," Robitaille began. "B

[ 310, 599, 9128, 766, 11614, 26371, 749, 1009, 21820, 322, 7881, 27577, 1549, 263, 9377, 3464, 310, 11104, 322, 5786, 4822, 7400, 29889, 13, 29902, 4433, 3237, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 304, 19430, 373, 825, 17385, 630, 1075, 322, 670, 3942, 304, 4953, 9701, 411, 4779, 310, 360, 1355, 7400, 29889, 13, 29908, 3112, 29915, 29879, 263, 2107, 22778, 29889, 887, 508, 2289, 1207, 263, 1513, 3957, 322, 366, 508, 1207, 263, 4328, 1699, 6417, 277, 8284, 23644, 15736, 1711, 11520, 714, 29889, 376, 6246, 304, 2649, 366, 278, 8760, 29892, 363, 592, 322, 590, 6532, 322, 1584, 590, 413, 4841, 29892, 591, 29915, 645, 2304, 1476, 800, 393, 591, 1073, 278, 2305, 393, 664, 363, 372, 526, 2599, 372, 363, 278, 1492, 9590, 322, 4779, 310, 360, 1355, 338, 694, 7404, 763, 393, 29889, 13, 29908, 29902, 1348, 738, 931, 591, 505, 385, 15130, 304, 2367, 1250, 263, 2217, 2586, 29892, 2020, 451, 29973, 2193, 29915, 29879, 825, 591, 5735, 445, 2834, 363, 29889, 960, 591, 508, 1371, 1269, 916, 29892, 306, 1348, 372, 29915, 29879, 263, 3287, 310, 2090, 29889, 739, 3732, 372, 901, 2090, 304, 437, 825, 591, 679, 304, 437, 322, 5735, 1749, 12561, 1213, 13, 797, 6124, 29892, 3237, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 322, 670, 6532, 624, 20323, 8429, 1009, 1914, 1373, 537, 607, 306, 750, 278, 8825, 304, 2244, 278, 6573, 29899, 974, 29899, 29943, 4183, 1048, 29889, 13, 29908, 10401, 379, 1038, 26655, 476, 8141, 1099, 9559, 29892, 591, 16387, 727, 892, 263, 3287, 310, 13175, 20042, 297, 1570, 26884, 322, 591, 9213, 263, 14928, 310, 13175, 10715, 1009, 12080, 1699, 6417, 277, 8284, 5429, 592, 29889, 376, 6246, 10106, 278, 1889, 29892, 591, 2996, 4822, 445, 1108, 988, 263, 3287, 310, 413, 4841, 393, 526, 953, 273, 7334, 630, 472, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29892, 7148, 278, 6743, 393, 864, 304, 748, 304, 3762, 470, 748, 304, 12755, 29892, 1016, 29915, 29873, 505, 738, 2304, 304, 1074, 372, 1549, 29889, 13, 29908, 6295, 1951, 769, 29892, 591, 8429, 263, 22778, 2000, 382, 1859, 267, 310, 7963, 322, 591, 664, 411, 413, 4841, 1058, 526, 9926, 261, 12397, 29879, 29892, 777, 310, 963, 366, 508, 1246, 963, 472, 29899, 3780, 29895, 12397, 29892, 322, 591, 1207, 1854, 393, 29892, 937, 310, 599, 29892, 896, 29915, 345, 2355, 304, 748, 304, 3762, 322, 769, 896, 29915, 276, 15399, 363, 12755, 29892, 8401, 6375, 29892, 2805, 17643, 322, 577, 11483, 29889, 1334, 864, 304, 1207, 1854, 727, 29915, 29879, 4856, 727, 5934, 29892, 525, 29950, 1032, 29892, 591, 29915, 276, 1244, 322, 591, 29915, 276, 2675, 304, 1371, 366, 29889, 2803, 29915, 29879, 1074, 372, 1549, 5501, 1363, 263, 3287, 310, 963, 2360, 750, 263, 3847, 470, 896, 29915, 345, 2360, 750, 263, 6042, 272, 577, 472, 3203, 925, 1371, 963, 29889, 7569, 697, 310, 502, 756, 750, 4856, 1371, 502, 472, 697, 1298, 297, 1749, 12080, 322, 263, 3287, 310, 413, 4841, 29892, 746, 896, 2507, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29892, 896, 29915, 345, 2355, 694, 697, 304, 2507, 304, 29889, 1105, 29892, 591, 1207, 1854, 896, 508, 2507, 304, 382, 1859, 267, 310, 7963, 29892, 777, 310, 502, 1058, 526, 9701, 411, 278, 22778, 508, 1371, 963, 1213, 13, 6716, 310, 382, 1859, 267, 310, 7963, 29915, 29879, 1556, 5972, 4959, 338, 278, 10315, 6417, 277, 8284, 315, 6146, 1182, 537, 17550, 327, 449, 607, 338, 4934, 1432, 5490, 297, 4815, 4412, 29892, 501, 29911, 322, 777, 967, 27138, 3160, 21701, 13524, 15381, 3246, 22291, 365, 7202, 15920, 322, 3760, 29891, 4052, 29903, 272, 2330, 297, 6124, 304, 4779, 310, 360, 1355, 7400, 3181, 28760, 17102, 498, 293, 446, 29889, 306, 4433, 3237, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 304, 427, 4366, 264, 502, 373, 920, 278, 1741, 471, 937, 2825, 322, 920, 372, 29915, 29879, 4953, 577, 5972, 1951, 29889, 13, 29908, 29909, 5121, 310, 7903, 6057, 28465, 26069, 4134, 1199, 29892, 4335, 13337, 29892, 322, 540, 12355, 267, 18881, 29889, 4335, 1497, 29892, 525, 14959, 29892, 306, 29915, 29881, 5360, 363, 366, 304, 437, 263, 3748, 727, 5501, 322, 540, 1497, 525, 29902, 29915, 645, 2304, 366, 322, 1371, 366, 5501, 322, 393, 29915, 29879, 920, 372, 4687, 4832, 2440, 8020, 1699, 278, 21701, 29915, 6673, 1497, 29889, 376, 29902, 1497, 591, 29915, 645, 437, 263, 3748, 322, 437, 372, 363, 382, 1859, 267, 310, 7963, 29892, 540, 29915, 29879, 6969, 502, 322, 9213, 502, 975, 278, 2440, 322, 393, 29915, 29879, 920, 372, 4687, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 21633, 1432, 1629, 322, 372, 29915, 29879, 2805, 16600, 1432, 1629, 322, 372, 29915, 29879, 925, 263, 3287, 310, 2090, 363, 14332, 1213, 13, 2831, 901, 2472, 373, 382, 1859, 267, 310, 7963, 3692, 366, 29915, 29881, 763, 304, 1016, 403, 470, 1284, 714, 901, 1048, 1009, 4959, 29892, 3113, 367, 1854, 304, 6493, 7821, 29889, 8057, 267, 974, 1251, 412, 29889, 990, 9826, 29889, 13, 8809, 488, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 29899, 29896, 29946, 17997, 278, 937, 2989, 4259, 1951, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29896, 29899, 29896, 29906, 29892, 263, 716, 8572, 1848, 3402, 408, 1532, 408, 405, 15444, 414, 2748, 1449, 5100, 292, 297, 278, 12267, 16373, 29892, 445, 4259, 674, 884, 14944, 263, 3652, 310, 714, 17433, 8090, 408, 760, 310, 278, 405, 15444, 29915, 29879, 17213, 10488, 6421, 1283, 278, 12176, 2551, 310, 278, 12267, 24300, 29889, 3118, 310, 1906, 714, 17433, 8090, 674, 367, 5622, 2058, 472, 4602, 10722, 29915, 29879, 360, 397, 914, 17213, 988, 278, 298, 3297, 776, 21701, 674, 1708, 3495, 304, 1009, 274, 1883, 303, 776, 9050, 1338, 29892, 278, 20367, 6391, 360, 2707, 29879, 29892, 373, 5490, 29871, 29906, 29945, 29889, 13, 29902, 4433, 3237, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 278, 1136, 8841, 4249, 278, 21701, 29915, 13925, 322, 3692, 896, 892, 24173, 408, 278, 24909, 1048, 278, 701, 11506, 3748, 408, 1532, 408, 304, 19430, 373, 278, 6576, 278, 3815, 338, 5622, 304, 9801, 393, 278, 714, 17433, 3748, 674, 367, 263, 2551, 29889, 13, 29908, 4806, 29915, 276, 1603, 1985, 2289, 2898, 29889, 1334, 1348, 372, 29915, 29879, 2675, 304, 367, 697, 310, 278, 14176, 19462, 363, 14841, 8046, 18881, 1699, 6417, 277, 8284, 4689, 29889, 376, 29933 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.508844

-1.01098

-0.021849

0.331224

esides the Kings and the Ducks winning the Cup, this is going to be a huge moment for us to showcase the brand of hockey of both teams, both organizations. It's going to be sold out. We're working really hard on building around it and there's a lot of vibe around the city, a lot of talk about it. So, it's going to be a lot of fun." While many are excited for the outdoor game, there are those who are skeptical of the game's success wondering how the NHL can host an outdoor hockey game in the warm climate of Los Angeles. Mr. Robitaille was able to answer such concerns. "The NHL has made huge strides in the last few years with the outdoor system. They bought a couple of different systems and they're really good at it," No. 20 told me. "We actually, for the last four years, have been doing an outdoor rink during the holidays here in LA and they're public sessions and we get 400 to 500 people an hour to skate and there's never been a problem. "During the day, you have to be careful of the sun but when the sun goes down, it's not a big deal. It's basically the same system that's inside the buildings, inside the arenas, and they're just really good at making ice and it takes about a week to get it all done. There's a system to it but it's pretty simple and they've got it down to a good science." With their acquisition of Wayne Gretzky in 1988, the Los Angeles Kings became an overnight sensation. But for the fans who had already been supporting the Kings, Luc Robitaille was what their team was all about. Even those converted fans from the Gretzky trade soon fell in love with No. 20. Not only could Lucky Luc produce offensively but when the aforementioned Great One went down to injury early in the 1992-93, it was Robitaille who took on the role of captain, leading the Kings to their first-ever Stanley Cup Final that spring. Despite not winning hockey's ultimate prize, fans in Los Angeles remained true to Robitaille, even during the brief periods he played elsewhere. When he hung up his skates in 2006, Robitaille would look back on a career that saw him finish top-ten in league goal-scoring nine times, points-scoring four times, an all-star eight times including six-straight appearances at the All-Star Game from 1988 to 1993 and a league-best 24.8 shooting percentage in 1989-90. His 668 career goals not only make him the highest-scoring left-winger in NHL history but places him 12th on the league's all-time goal list, putting him in the same breath as the aforementioned Gretzky and Dionne in addition to the likes of Howe and Messier just to name four. For a player drafted so late, just making the NHL would have been vindicating enough – but not for Luc Robitaille. While making the jump to the front office may prove daunting for some, such wasn't the case for Robitaille who, with the help of (King's principal owner) Anschutz Entertainment Group, general manager Dean Lombardi and an exceptional scouting staff, guided the Los Angeles Kings to their first Stanley Cup crown leaving their fans all over the globe with long-awaited and much-deserved bliss. In addition to delivering both on the ice and off for the Los Angeles Kings, those who have had the privilege to meet Mr. Robitaille only have the greatest things to say about the Hall-of-Famer. While fans of the silver-and-black love the likes of their current players whether it is Anze Kopitar, Jonathan Quick or Dustin Brown, it is clear from the plethora of No. 20 jerseys that still occupy many of the seats of Staples Center night after night that no one exemplifies such a proud, successful franchise more than Mr. Luc Robitaille. hockey hall of fame la kings luc robitaille lucky luc march of dimes canada stadium series stanley cup 2013-12-12 Tags hockey hall of fame la kings luc robitaille lucky luc march of dimes canada stadium series stanley cup Next Talking with

[ 267, 2247, 278, 21701, 322, 278, 360, 2707, 29879, 15613, 278, 6536, 29892, 445, 338, 2675, 304, 367, 263, 12176, 3256, 363, 502, 304, 1510, 4878, 278, 14982, 310, 18881, 310, 1716, 10907, 29892, 1716, 25700, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 2675, 304, 367, 5239, 714, 29889, 1334, 29915, 276, 1985, 2289, 2898, 373, 5214, 2820, 372, 322, 727, 29915, 29879, 263, 3287, 310, 325, 18673, 2820, 278, 4272, 29892, 263, 3287, 310, 5193, 1048, 372, 29889, 1105, 29892, 372, 29915, 29879, 2675, 304, 367, 263, 3287, 310, 2090, 1213, 13, 8809, 488, 1784, 526, 24173, 363, 278, 714, 17433, 3748, 29892, 727, 526, 1906, 1058, 526, 18109, 415, 936, 310, 278, 3748, 29915, 29879, 2551, 9873, 920, 278, 405, 15444, 508, 3495, 385, 714, 17433, 18881, 3748, 297, 278, 14294, 23622, 310, 4602, 10722, 29889, 3237, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 471, 2221, 304, 1234, 1316, 21838, 29889, 13, 29908, 1576, 405, 15444, 756, 1754, 12176, 851, 2247, 297, 278, 1833, 2846, 2440, 411, 278, 714, 17433, 1788, 29889, 2688, 18093, 263, 7303, 310, 1422, 6757, 322, 896, 29915, 276, 2289, 1781, 472, 372, 1699, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 5429, 592, 29889, 376, 4806, 2869, 29892, 363, 278, 1833, 3023, 2440, 29892, 505, 1063, 2599, 385, 714, 17433, 364, 682, 2645, 278, 8753, 333, 1036, 1244, 297, 17900, 322, 896, 29915, 276, 970, 21396, 322, 591, 679, 29871, 29946, 29900, 29900, 304, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29900, 2305, 385, 7234, 304, 2071, 403, 322, 727, 29915, 29879, 2360, 1063, 263, 1108, 29889, 13, 29908, 29928, 3864, 278, 2462, 29892, 366, 505, 304, 367, 16010, 310, 278, 6575, 541, 746, 278, 6575, 5771, 1623, 29892, 372, 29915, 29879, 451, 263, 4802, 5376, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 8830, 278, 1021, 1788, 393, 29915, 29879, 2768, 278, 13814, 29892, 2768, 278, 9455, 294, 29892, 322, 896, 29915, 276, 925, 2289, 1781, 472, 3907, 14890, 322, 372, 4893, 1048, 263, 4723, 304, 679, 372, 599, 2309, 29889, 1670, 29915, 29879, 263, 1788, 304, 372, 541, 372, 29915, 29879, 5051, 2560, 322, 896, 29915, 345, 2355, 372, 1623, 304, 263, 1781, 10466, 1213, 13, 3047, 1009, 1274, 23493, 310, 25843, 402, 2267, 29920, 3459, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29947, 29892, 278, 4602, 10722, 21701, 3897, 385, 975, 11147, 4771, 362, 29889, 1205, 363, 278, 24909, 1058, 750, 2307, 1063, 20382, 278, 21701, 29892, 10315, 6417, 277, 8284, 471, 825, 1009, 3815, 471, 599, 1048, 29889, 7753, 1906, 11543, 24909, 515, 278, 402, 2267, 29920, 3459, 11302, 4720, 8379, 297, 5360, 411, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29889, 2216, 871, 1033, 365, 14395, 10315, 7738, 1283, 575, 3598, 541, 746, 278, 263, 1454, 882, 28487, 7027, 3118, 3512, 1623, 304, 24092, 4688, 297, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29906, 29899, 29929, 29941, 29892, 372, 471, 6417, 277, 8284, 1058, 3614, 373, 278, 6297, 310, 15315, 29892, 8236, 278, 21701, 304, 1009, 937, 29899, 1310, 21631, 6536, 9550, 393, 6709, 29889, 19454, 451, 15613, 18881, 29915, 29879, 8494, 6490, 26836, 29892, 24909, 297, 4602, 10722, 9488, 1565, 304, 6417, 277, 8284, 29892, 1584, 2645, 278, 11473, 23704, 540, 5318, 17551, 29889, 13, 10401, 540, 18757, 701, 670, 2071, 1078, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29953, 29892, 6417, 277, 8284, 723, 1106, 1250, 373, 263, 6413, 393, 4446, 1075, 8341, 2246, 29899, 841, 297, 13225, 7306, 29899, 1557, 8253, 14183, 3064, 29892, 3291, 29899, 1557, 8253, 3023, 3064, 29892, 385, 599, 29899, 8508, 9475, 3064, 3704, 4832, 29899, 4151, 523, 21712, 472, 278, 2178, 29899, 16213, 8448, 515, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29947, 304, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29941, 322, 263, 13225, 29899, 13318, 29871, 29906, 29946, 29889, 29947, 27904, 19649, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29929, 29899, 29929, 29900, 29889, 3600, 29871, 29953, 29953, 29947, 6413, 14433, 451, 871, 1207, 1075, 278, 9939, 29899, 1557, 8253, 2175, 29899, 29893, 5621, 297, 405, 15444, 4955, 541, 7600, 1075, 29871, 29896, 29906, 386, 373, 278, 13225, 29915, 29879, 599, 29899, 2230, 7306, 1051, 29892, 10594, 1075, 297, 278, 1021, 16172, 408, 278, 263, 1454, 882, 28487, 402, 2267, 29920, 3459, 322, 360, 291, 484, 297, 6124, 304, 278, 4188, 267, 310, 1128, 29872, 322, 11946, 631, 925, 304, 1024, 3023, 29889, 1152, 263, 4847, 18195, 287, 577, 5683, 29892, 925, 3907, 278, 405, 15444, 723, 505, 1063, 325, 513, 293, 1218, 3307, 785, 541, 451, 363, 10315, 6417, 277, 8284, 29889, 5806, 3907, 278, 12500, 304, 278, 4565, 8034, 1122, 6356, 1146, 348, 1259, 363, 777, 29892, 1316, 9007, 29915, 29873, 278, 1206, 363, 6417, 277, 8284, 1058, 29892, 411, 278, 1371, 310, 313, 29968, 292, 29915, 29879, 5882, 12271, 29897, 530, 18377, 18189, 6431, 29892, 2498, 8455, 23263, 24869, 18015, 322, 385, 3682, 284, 885, 449, 292, 13925, 29892, 1410, 2618, 278, 4602, 10722, 21701, 304, 1009, 937, 21631, 6536, 20844, 10124, 1009, 24909, 599, 975, 278, 15482, 915, 411, 1472, 29899, 20675, 287, 322, 1568, 29899, 2783, 9841, 1999, 790, 29889, 13, 797, 6124, 304, 12021, 292, 1716, 373, 278, 14890, 322, 1283, 363, 278, 4602, 10722, 21701, 29892, 1906, 1058, 505, 750, 278, 14828, 479, 304, 5870, 3237, 29889, 6417, 277, 8284, 871, 505, 278, 14176, 2712, 304, 1827, 1048, 278, 6573, 29899, 974, 29899, 29943, 4183, 29889, 5806, 24909, 310, 278, 13283, 29899, 392, 29899, 8517, 5360, 278, 4188, 267, 310, 1009, 1857, 10769, 3692, 372, 338, 530, 911, 27476, 3673, 29892, 20983, 26141, 470, 360, 504, 262, 9817, 29892, 372, 338, 2821, 515, 278, 5644, 386, 2207, 310, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 432, 261, 344, 952, 393, 1603, 6919, 29891, 1784, 310, 278, 22091, 310, 624, 481, 793, 7817, 4646, 1156, 4646, 393, 694, 697, 29455, 11057, 1316, 263, 22314, 29892, 9150, 23272, 895, 901, 1135, 3237, 29889, 10315, 6417, 277, 8284, 29889, 13, 1251, 384, 1032, 12713, 310, 27965, 425, 413, 886, 21626, 696, 2966, 8284, 9885, 29891, 21626, 8575, 310, 270, 1355, 508, 1114, 10728, 1974, 3652, 11075, 2330, 18002, 12, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 29899, 29896, 29906, 29899, 29896, 29906, 13, 28089, 18881, 12713, 310, 27965, 425, 413, 886, 21626, 696, 2966, 8284, 9885, 29891, 21626, 8575, 310, 270, 1355, 508, 1114, 10728, 1974, 3652, 11075, 2330, 18002, 13, 9190, 323, 2235, 292, 411 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.614809

-0.708839

0.598158

-0.561858

Always Forward Newsletter LA Catholics Sunday Readings Archbishop José H. Gomez Father Ronald Rolheiser, OMI Ruben Navarrette Heather King Grazie Pozo Christie John L. Allen, Jr. Greg Erlandson Robert Brennan Russell Shaw Children's religious education: Catechesis of the Good Shepherd Heather King | The Crux Apr 05, 2017 • 3 Min Read facebook envelope print Sofia Cavalletti (1917-2011), co-foundress of the Catechesis of the Good Shepherd, developed a three-level, nine-year method of religious education for children based on Montessori principles. A native of Rome and a Hebrew scholar, she had neither the background nor interest in children's education. But asked by a colleague in 1954 to teach a religion class to young people, Cavalletti read aloud from the book of Genesis. And a 7-year-old named Paolo, wept. Those tears of joy amazed her. Through a teacher named Gianna Gobbi, Cavalletti learned of the child's natural capacity for contemplation, love of order and silence and delight in work. Together they developed a space for combined learning and worship that they called an atrium, and a method — the Catechesis of the Good Shepherd (CGS) — that has changed very little to this day. A couple of Saturday mornings ago, I drove to Fillmore, a ranching town outside Santa Paula. Here, Richena Curphey, a librarian at Thomas Aquinas College by day, has established a CGS atrium for the children of St. Francis of Assisi parish. She started five years ago, buying or begging or making the materials herself, setting up and breaking down the entire atrium for each session. This year, at last, the parish has given her a permanent room. "One of the primary roles of the catechist is to maintain order in the space, to prepare the environment," she said. "We're not teachers so much as co-wonderers with the child. The only teacher in the atrium is Christ." Miss Richena, as the children call her, has Level 2: 6-to-9 year-olds. Level 1 meets a couple of doors down. The children gather outside, sing a couple of songs to settle, then line up to process to their respective atriums. They kick off their shoes before entering. Their voices lower. "When we come into the atrium, we control our bodies." Everything in the atrium has a sacramental dimension. There are cabinets, bookshelves, a lectern with a large maroon Bible, a wooden crucifix. Potted plants, a papier-mâché globe with a dot marking the land of Israel, an hourglass. Cubbyholes holding markers, colored construction paper and pasting work. The children sit before a low prayer table. One little girl is invited to light the candle. Another child is invited to read the "maxim," a Bible verse printed in large letters on a wooden placard. Today's is, "Be perfect as your heavenly Father is perfect" (Matthew 5:48). "I wonder what Christ meant when he said that. Do you think that's easy?" Miss Richena asked. "Well, not super easy," one tot offered, "because God is perfect and we all sin." "He gives us free will so we can decide," another chimed in. "We wouldn't even live without Jesus 'cause he breathes into us," a third observed. "During Lent I encourage you to use the maxims as a way to get ready for Easter. And now you might want to find some work," Miss Richena said. The kids wander to various stations opening boxes, culling through folders. One little boy unrolls a rug on which to sit and draw. Two girls sit side by side and pluck at a kid-sized lap harp. Another girl carries a tray prepared for flower arranging. "The child can choose any work he or she has been shown how to use," explained Miss Richena. "How do you know they're getting it with no workbooks, no tests? Because the catechists have to be observing, making mental notes, guiding, helping." A lad, very much after my own

[ 29849, 1152, 1328, 10130, 15670, 13, 4375, 315, 6347, 1199, 13, 29903, 870, 388, 7523, 886, 13, 13197, 28693, 7942, 379, 29889, 402, 608, 29920, 13, 29943, 1624, 11546, 2741, 8731, 354, 7608, 29892, 438, 10403, 13, 29934, 21341, 24707, 2267, 371, 13, 3868, 1624, 4088, 13, 29954, 336, 3914, 18048, 29877, 2819, 347, 13, 11639, 365, 29889, 16092, 29892, 13843, 29889, 13, 29954, 1727, 1425, 1049, 1100, 13, 9588, 2151, 350, 1267, 13707, 13, 23002, 514, 28548, 13, 19334, 29915, 29879, 12962, 9793, 29901, 315, 403, 6609, 275, 310, 278, 7197, 2296, 561, 2018, 13, 3868, 1624, 4088, 891, 450, 11263, 29916, 13, 29909, 558, 29871, 29900, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29955, 10266, 29871, 29941, 3080, 7523, 13, 15445, 427, 21367, 1596, 13, 29903, 974, 423, 20354, 3498, 698, 29875, 313, 29896, 29929, 29896, 29955, 29899, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29896, 511, 1302, 29899, 11940, 1253, 310, 278, 315, 403, 6609, 275, 310, 278, 7197, 2296, 561, 2018, 29892, 8906, 263, 2211, 29899, 5563, 29892, 14183, 29899, 6360, 1158, 310, 12962, 9793, 363, 4344, 2729, 373, 4526, 404, 4170, 18671, 29889, 13, 29909, 7531, 310, 9184, 322, 263, 18472, 3973, 21344, 29892, 1183, 750, 9561, 278, 3239, 3643, 4066, 297, 4344, 29915, 29879, 9793, 29889, 1205, 4433, 491, 263, 23056, 3437, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29945, 29946, 304, 6860, 263, 13433, 770, 304, 4123, 2305, 29892, 20354, 3498, 698, 29875, 1303, 394, 2736, 515, 278, 3143, 310, 5739, 6656, 29889, 1126, 263, 29871, 29955, 29899, 6360, 29899, 1025, 4257, 22207, 29892, 591, 415, 29889, 13, 1349, 852, 20190, 310, 15331, 21863, 287, 902, 29889, 17044, 263, 15703, 4257, 21569, 1056, 402, 711, 5365, 29892, 20354, 3498, 698, 29875, 10972, 310, 278, 2278, 29915, 29879, 5613, 13284, 363, 640, 16305, 362, 29892, 5360, 310, 1797, 322, 15142, 322, 15319, 297, 664, 29889, 13, 29911, 12966, 896, 8906, 263, 2913, 363, 12420, 6509, 322, 26320, 393, 896, 2000, 385, 472, 16241, 29892, 322, 263, 1158, 813, 278, 315, 403, 6609, 275, 310, 278, 7197, 2296, 561, 2018, 313, 29907, 10749, 29897, 813, 393, 756, 3939, 1407, 2217, 304, 445, 2462, 29889, 13, 29909, 7303, 310, 24211, 286, 1398, 886, 8020, 29892, 306, 26603, 304, 383, 453, 5514, 29892, 263, 6350, 305, 292, 4726, 5377, 7510, 2621, 2497, 29889, 2266, 29892, 4385, 2386, 10837, 28362, 29891, 29892, 263, 619, 1182, 13956, 472, 5569, 16020, 10189, 6346, 491, 2462, 29892, 756, 7841, 263, 8446, 29903, 472, 16241, 363, 278, 4344, 310, 624, 29889, 5845, 310, 4007, 10770, 19373, 29889, 13, 13468, 4687, 5320, 2440, 8020, 29892, 1321, 5414, 470, 25945, 292, 470, 3907, 278, 17279, 8735, 29892, 4444, 701, 322, 16679, 1623, 278, 4152, 472, 16241, 363, 1269, 4867, 29889, 910, 1629, 29892, 472, 1833, 29892, 278, 19373, 756, 2183, 902, 263, 17667, 5716, 29889, 376, 6716, 310, 278, 7601, 16178, 310, 278, 274, 403, 305, 391, 338, 304, 7344, 1797, 297, 278, 2913, 29892, 304, 19012, 278, 5177, 1699, 1183, 1497, 29889, 376, 4806, 29915, 276, 451, 27335, 577, 1568, 408, 1302, 29899, 29893, 8417, 414, 411, 278, 2278, 29889, 450, 871, 15703, 297, 278, 472, 16241, 338, 2819, 1213, 13, 18552, 4385, 2386, 29892, 408, 278, 4344, 1246, 902, 29892, 756, 21597, 29871, 29906, 29901, 29871, 29953, 29899, 517, 29899, 29929, 1629, 29899, 3361, 29889, 21597, 29871, 29896, 28103, 263, 7303, 310, 24189, 1623, 29889, 13, 1576, 4344, 11705, 5377, 29892, 1809, 263, 7303, 310, 12516, 304, 3604, 280, 29892, 769, 1196, 701, 304, 1889, 304, 1009, 18067, 472, 374, 6762, 29889, 2688, 24817, 1283, 1009, 17394, 267, 1434, 18055, 29889, 11275, 28848, 5224, 29889, 13, 29908, 10401, 591, 2041, 964, 278, 472, 16241, 29892, 591, 2761, 1749, 17873, 1213, 17296, 297, 278, 472, 16241, 756, 263, 19886, 11491, 9927, 29889, 1670, 526, 28830, 1691, 29892, 3143, 845, 295, 1960, 29892, 263, 13081, 824, 411, 263, 2919, 1766, 6150, 21958, 29892, 263, 27278, 7618, 29883, 361, 861, 29889, 349, 15048, 18577, 29892, 263, 3500, 631, 29899, 29885, 30057, 11555, 15482, 915, 411, 263, 8329, 2791, 292, 278, 2982, 310, 11996, 29892, 385, 7234, 29050, 29889, 28618, 1609, 5391, 267, 13587, 29320, 29892, 28684, 7632, 5650, 322, 4940, 292, 664, 29889, 13, 1576, 4344, 7845, 1434, 263, 4482, 27402, 1591, 29889, 3118, 2217, 7826, 338, 23610, 304, 3578, 278, 23794, 280, 29889, 7280, 2278, 338, 23610, 304, 1303, 278, 376, 27525, 1699, 263, 21958, 23281, 13350, 297, 2919, 8721, 373, 263, 27278, 2174, 7543, 29889, 20628, 29915, 29879, 338, 29892, 376, 3629, 4922, 408, 596, 18356, 368, 17852, 338, 4922, 29908, 313, 29924, 1131, 13636, 29871, 29945, 29901, 29946, 29947, 467, 13, 29908, 29902, 4997, 825, 2819, 6839, 746, 540, 1497, 393, 29889, 1938, 366, 1348, 393, 29915, 29879, 4780, 3026, 4750, 4385, 2386, 4433, 29889, 13, 29908, 11284, 29892, 451, 2428, 4780, 1699, 697, 2025, 12520, 29892, 376, 18103, 4177, 338, 4922, 322, 591, 599, 4457, 1213, 13, 29908, 3868, 4076, 502, 3889, 674, 577, 591, 508, 11097, 1699, 1790, 20674, 287, 297, 29889, 13, 29908, 4806, 7656, 29915, 29873, 1584, 5735, 1728, 13825, 525, 29883, 1071, 540, 16172, 267, 964, 502, 1699, 263, 4654, 8900, 29889, 13, 29908, 29928, 3864, 365, 296, 306, 13731, 6617, 366, 304, 671, 278, 5256, 29879, 408, 263, 982, 304, 679, 7960, 363, 382, 1901, 29889, 1126, 1286, 366, 1795, 864, 304, 1284, 777, 664, 1699, 4750, 4385, 2386, 1497, 29889, 13, 1576, 413, 4841, 281, 3825, 304, 5164, 16355, 8718, 16273, 29892, 274, 913, 292, 1549, 16495, 29889, 13, 6716, 2217, 8023, 443, 1245, 29879, 263, 29833, 373, 607, 304, 7845, 322, 4216, 29889, 7803, 14000, 7845, 2625, 491, 2625, 322, 715, 2707, 472, 263, 26397, 29899, 29879, 1891, 23012, 4023, 29886, 29889, 7280, 7826, 1559, 2722, 263, 260, 764, 13240, 363, 28149, 3948, 9776, 29889, 13, 29908, 1576, 2278, 508, 6755, 738, 664, 540, 470, 1183, 756, 1063, 4318, 920, 304, 671, 1699, 10824, 4750, 4385, 2386, 29889, 376, 5328, 437, 366, 1073, 896, 29915, 276, 2805, 372, 411, 694, 664, 12733, 29892, 694, 6987, 29973, 7311, 278, 274, 403, 305, 2879, 505, 304, 367, 5366, 1747, 29892, 3907, 19119, 11486, 29892, 1410, 4821, 29892, 19912, 1213, 13, 29909, 11979, 29892, 1407, 1568, 1156, 590, 1914 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.223431

-0.218682

-0.020953

1.620054

package org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.streaming; import java.io.DataInput; import java.io.DataOutput; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger; import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger; import org.apache.geode.CancelException; import org.apache.geode.DataSerializer; import org.apache.geode.GemFireRethrowable; import org.apache.geode.InternalGemFireError; import org.apache.geode.InternalGemFireException; import org.apache.geode.SystemFailure; import org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.DefaultQuery; import org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.PRQueryTraceInfo; import org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.QueryMonitor; import org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.StructImpl; import org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.types.StructTypeImpl; import org.apache.geode.cache.query.types.ObjectType; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.ClusterDistributionManager; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.DistributionManager; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.DistributionMessage; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.InternalDistributedSystem; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.MessageWithReply; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.PooledDistributionMessage; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.ReplyException; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.ReplyMessage; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.ReplyProcessor21; import org.apache.geode.distributed.internal.membership.InternalDistributedMember; import org.apache.geode.internal.HeapDataOutputStream; import org.apache.geode.internal.InternalDataSerializer; import org.apache.geode.internal.Version; import org.apache.geode.internal.cache.PartitionedRegionQueryEvaluator; import org.apache.geode.internal.cache.Token; import org.apache.geode.internal.i18n.LocalizedStrings; import org.apache.geode.internal.logging.LogService; import org.apache.geode.internal.util.BlobHelper; /** * StreamingOperation is an abstraction for sending messages to multiple (or single) recipient * requesting a potentially large amount of data and receiving the reply with data chunked into * several messages. * */ public abstract class StreamingOperation { private static final Logger logger = LogService.getLogger(); /** * This is the number of bytes that need to be allowed in addition to data chunk to prevent * overflowing the socket buffer size in one message. For now, this is just an estimate */ public static final int MSG_OVERHEAD = 200; // seems to need to be greater than 100 public final InternalDistributedSystem sys; /** Creates a new instance of StreamingOperation */ public StreamingOperation(InternalDistributedSystem sys) { this.sys = sys; } /** * Returns normally if succeeded to get data, otherwise throws an exception * * @throws InterruptedException TODO-javadocs */ public void getDataFromAll(Set recipients) throws org.apache.geode.cache.TimeoutException, InterruptedException { if (Thread.interrupted()) throw new InterruptedException(); if (recipients.isEmpty()) return; StreamingProcessor processor = new StreamingProcessor(this.sys, recipients); DistributionMessage m = createRequestMessage(recipients, processor); this.sys.getDistributionManager().putOutgoing(m); // while() loop removed for bug 36983 - you can't loop on waitForRep

[ 29871, 13, 13, 5113, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 5461, 292, 29936, 13, 13, 5215, 2115, 29889, 601, 29889, 1469, 4290, 29936, 13, 5215, 2115, 29889, 601, 29889, 1469, 6466, 29936, 13, 5215, 2115, 29889, 601, 29889, 20477, 29936, 13, 5215, 2115, 29889, 4422, 29889, 20165, 29936, 13, 5215, 2115, 29889, 4422, 29889, 27824, 29936, 13, 5215, 2115, 29889, 4422, 29889, 1293, 29936, 13, 5215, 2115, 29889, 4422, 29889, 3388, 29936, 13, 5215, 2115, 29889, 4422, 29889, 2697, 29936, 13, 5215, 2115, 29889, 4422, 29889, 19279, 29889, 21641, 29889, 4178, 25426, 7798, 29936, 13, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 21027, 29889, 1188, 29946, 29926, 29889, 16363, 29936, 13, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 19420, 2451, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 1469, 17679, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 29954, 331, 18654, 29934, 621, 798, 519, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 16491, 29954, 331, 18654, 2392, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 16491, 29954, 331, 18654, 2451, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 3924, 24155, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 8173, 29889, 1972, 29889, 7564, 29889, 4592, 3010, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 8173, 29889, 1972, 29889, 7564, 29889, 10593, 3010, 11591, 3401, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 8173, 29889, 1972, 29889, 7564, 29889, 3010, 7185, 2105, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 8173, 29889, 1972, 29889, 7564, 29889, 19560, 6647, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 8173, 29889, 1972, 29889, 7564, 29889, 8768, 29889, 19560, 1542, 6647, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 8173, 29889, 1972, 29889, 8768, 29889, 2061, 1542, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 6821, 5402, 13398, 3224, 3260, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 13398, 3224, 3260, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 13398, 3224, 3728, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 16491, 13398, 7541, 3924, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 3728, 3047, 5612, 368, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 29925, 3634, 839, 13398, 3224, 3728, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 5612, 368, 2451, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 5612, 368, 3728, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 5612, 368, 18689, 29906, 29896, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 5721, 7541, 29889, 7564, 29889, 29885, 1590, 10475, 29889, 16491, 13398, 7541, 13404, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 7564, 29889, 3868, 481, 1469, 16764, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 7564, 29889, 16491, 1469, 17679, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 7564, 29889, 6594, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 7564, 29889, 8173, 29889, 7439, 654, 287, 18457, 3010, 29923, 4387, 1061, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 7564, 29889, 8173, 29889, 6066, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 7564, 29889, 29875, 29896, 29947, 29876, 29889, 7717, 1891, 26545, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 7564, 29889, 21027, 29889, 3403, 3170, 29936, 13, 5215, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 7564, 29889, 4422, 29889, 29933, 2127, 10739, 29936, 13, 13, 7918, 13, 334, 13763, 292, 10925, 338, 385, 27086, 428, 363, 9348, 7191, 304, 2999, 313, 272, 2323, 29897, 23957, 993, 13, 334, 2009, 292, 263, 19998, 2919, 5253, 310, 848, 322, 13442, 278, 8908, 411, 848, 19875, 287, 964, 13, 334, 3196, 7191, 29889, 13, 334, 13, 3776, 13, 3597, 9846, 770, 13763, 292, 10925, 426, 13, 29871, 2024, 2294, 2186, 28468, 17927, 353, 4522, 3170, 29889, 657, 16363, 890, 13, 13, 29871, 7762, 13, 259, 334, 910, 338, 278, 1353, 310, 6262, 393, 817, 304, 367, 6068, 297, 6124, 304, 848, 19875, 304, 5557, 13, 259, 334, 11969, 292, 278, 9909, 6835, 2159, 297, 697, 2643, 29889, 1152, 1286, 29892, 445, 338, 925, 385, 12678, 13, 259, 3776, 13, 29871, 970, 2294, 2186, 938, 10888, 29954, 29918, 29949, 5348, 23252, 353, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29936, 849, 2444, 304, 817, 304, 367, 7621, 1135, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 13, 13, 29871, 970, 2186, 512, 1890, 13398, 7541, 3924, 10876, 29936, 13, 13, 29871, 7762, 6760, 1078, 263, 716, 2777, 310, 13763, 292, 10925, 3776, 13, 29871, 970, 13763, 292, 10925, 29898, 16491, 13398, 7541, 3924, 10876, 29897, 426, 13, 1678, 445, 29889, 9675, 353, 10876, 29936, 13, 29871, 500, 13, 13, 29871, 7762, 13, 259, 334, 16969, 12891, 565, 14792, 304, 679, 848, 29892, 6467, 8026, 385, 3682, 13, 259, 334, 13, 259, 334, 732, 386, 5727, 4124, 14214, 2451, 14402, 29899, 9494, 328, 12332, 13, 259, 3776, 13, 29871, 970, 1780, 679, 1469, 4591, 3596, 29898, 2697, 23957, 10070, 29897, 13, 418, 8026, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 8173, 29889, 10851, 2451, 29892, 4124, 14214, 2451, 426, 13, 1678, 565, 313, 4899, 29889, 1639, 14214, 3101, 13, 418, 3183, 716, 4124, 14214, 2451, 890, 13, 1678, 565, 313, 4361, 29886, 10070, 29889, 24326, 3101, 13, 418, 736, 29936, 13, 13, 1678, 13763, 292, 18689, 21433, 353, 716, 13763, 292, 18689, 29898, 1366, 29889, 9675, 29892, 23957, 10070, 416, 13, 1678, 17740, 3728, 286, 353, 1653, 3089, 3728, 29898, 4361, 29886, 10070, 29892, 21433, 416, 13, 1678, 445, 29889, 9675, 29889, 657, 13398, 3224, 3260, 2141, 649, 3744, 17696, 29898, 29885, 416, 13, 1678, 849, 1550, 580, 2425, 6206, 363, 6494, 29871, 29941, 29953, 29929, 29947, 29941, 448, 366, 508, 29915, 29873, 2425, 373, 4480, 2831, 5612 ]

1,024

Github

-1.249095

1.038871

-0.695653

-0.414816

lies() try { // should we allow this to timeout? processor.waitForRepliesUninterruptibly(); } catch (InternalGemFireException ex) { Throwable cause = ex.getCause(); if (cause instanceof org.apache.geode.cache.TimeoutException) { throw (org.apache.geode.cache.TimeoutException) cause; } throw ex; } catch (ReplyException e) { e.handleCause(); // throws exception } } /** Override in subclass to instantiate request message */ protected abstract DistributionMessage createRequestMessage(Set recipients, ReplyProcessor21 processor); /** * Called from separate thread when reply is processed. * * @return false if should abort (region was destroyed or cache was closed) */ public boolean processChunk(List objects, InternalDistributedMember sender, int sequenceNum, boolean lastInSequence) { return processData(objects, sender, sequenceNum, lastInSequence); } /** * Override in subclass to do something useful with the data. * * @param sequenceNum the sequence of this data (0-based), in case ordering matters * @param lastInSequence true if this is the last chunk in the sequence * @return false to abort */ protected abstract boolean processData(List objects, InternalDistributedMember sender, int sequenceNum, boolean lastInSequence); public class StreamingProcessor extends ReplyProcessor21 { protected volatile boolean abort = false; private final Map statusMap = new HashMap(); protected final AtomicInteger msgsBeingProcessed = new AtomicInteger(); class Status { int msgsProcessed = 0; int numMsgs = 0; /** Return true if this is the very last reply msg to process for this member */ protected synchronized boolean trackMessage(StreamingReplyMessage m) { this.msgsProcessed++; if (m.lastMsg) { this.numMsgs = m.msgNum + 1; } if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug( "Streaming Message Tracking Status: Processor id: {}; Sender: {}; Messages Processed: {}; NumMsgs: {}", getProcessorId(), m.getSender(), this.msgsProcessed, this.numMsgs); } // this.numMsgs starts out as zero and gets initialized // only when we get a lastMsg true. // Since we increment msgsProcessed, the following condition // cannot be true until sometime after we've received the // lastMsg, and signals that all messages have been processed return this.msgsProcessed == this.numMsgs; } } public StreamingProcessor(final InternalDistributedSystem system, InternalDistributedMember member) { super(system, member); } public StreamingProcessor(InternalDistributedSystem system, Set members) { super(system, members); } @Override public void process(DistributionMessage msg) { // ignore messages from members not in the wait list if (!waitingOnMember(msg.getSender())) { return; } this.msgsBeingProcessed.incrementAndGet(); try { StreamingReplyMessage m = (StreamingReplyMessage) msg; boolean isLast = true; // is last message for this member? List objects = m.getObjects(); if (objects != null) { // CONSTRAINT: objects should only be null if there's no data at all // Bug 37461: don't allow abort to be reset. boolean isAborted = this.abort; // volatile fetch if (!isAborted) { isAborted = !processChunk(objects, m.getSender(), m.msgNum, m.lastMsg); if (isAborted) { this.abort = true; // volatile store } } isLast = isAborted || trackMessage(m); // interpret msgNum //

[ 3687, 580, 13, 1678, 1018, 426, 13, 418, 849, 881, 591, 2758, 445, 304, 11815, 29973, 13, 418, 21433, 29889, 10685, 2831, 5612, 3687, 2525, 1639, 6685, 14981, 890, 13, 1678, 500, 4380, 313, 16491, 29954, 331, 18654, 2451, 429, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 498, 798, 519, 4556, 353, 429, 29889, 657, 29907, 1071, 890, 13, 418, 565, 313, 29883, 1071, 28919, 1638, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 8173, 29889, 10851, 2451, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 3183, 313, 990, 29889, 4288, 29889, 479, 356, 29889, 8173, 29889, 10851, 2451, 29897, 4556, 29936, 13, 418, 500, 13, 418, 3183, 429, 29936, 13, 1678, 500, 4380, 313, 5612, 368, 2451, 321, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 321, 29889, 8411, 29907, 1071, 890, 13, 418, 849, 8026, 3682, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 29871, 500, 13, 13, 29871, 7762, 6811, 2426, 297, 19481, 304, 25112, 2009, 2643, 3776, 13, 29871, 6364, 9846, 17740, 3728, 1653, 3089, 3728, 29898, 2697, 23957, 10070, 29892, 13, 418, 10088, 368, 18689, 29906, 29896, 21433, 416, 13, 13, 29871, 7762, 13, 259, 334, 3037, 839, 515, 5004, 3244, 746, 8908, 338, 19356, 29889, 13, 259, 334, 13, 259, 334, 732, 2457, 2089, 565, 881, 27450, 313, 12803, 471, 14416, 470, 7090, 471, 5764, 29897, 13, 259, 3776, 13, 29871, 970, 7223, 1889, 1451, 2960, 29898, 1293, 3618, 29892, 512, 1890, 13398, 7541, 13404, 10004, 29892, 938, 5665, 8009, 29892, 13, 418, 7223, 1833, 797, 20529, 29897, 426, 13, 1678, 736, 1889, 1469, 29898, 12650, 29892, 10004, 29892, 5665, 8009, 29892, 1833, 797, 20529, 416, 13, 29871, 500, 13, 13, 29871, 7762, 13, 259, 334, 6811, 2426, 297, 19481, 304, 437, 1554, 5407, 411, 278, 848, 29889, 13, 259, 334, 13, 259, 334, 732, 3207, 5665, 8009, 278, 5665, 310, 445, 848, 313, 29900, 29899, 6707, 511, 297, 1206, 20520, 13750, 13, 259, 334, 732, 3207, 1833, 797, 20529, 1565, 565, 445, 338, 278, 1833, 19875, 297, 278, 5665, 13, 259, 334, 732, 2457, 2089, 304, 27450, 13, 259, 3776, 13, 13, 29871, 6364, 9846, 7223, 1889, 1469, 29898, 1293, 3618, 29892, 512, 1890, 13398, 7541, 13404, 10004, 29892, 13, 418, 938, 5665, 8009, 29892, 7223, 1833, 797, 20529, 416, 13, 13, 29871, 970, 770, 13763, 292, 18689, 4988, 10088, 368, 18689, 29906, 29896, 426, 13, 1678, 6364, 1700, 24285, 7223, 27450, 353, 2089, 29936, 13, 1678, 2024, 2186, 7315, 4660, 3388, 353, 716, 23073, 890, 13, 13, 1678, 6364, 2186, 2180, 25426, 7798, 10887, 3174, 3629, 292, 7032, 287, 353, 716, 2180, 25426, 7798, 890, 13, 13, 1678, 770, 16034, 426, 13, 418, 938, 10887, 3174, 7032, 287, 353, 29871, 29900, 29936, 13, 418, 938, 954, 29924, 29879, 3174, 353, 29871, 29900, 29936, 13, 13, 418, 7762, 7106, 1565, 565, 445, 338, 278, 1407, 1833, 8908, 10191, 304, 1889, 363, 445, 4509, 3776, 13, 418, 6364, 12231, 1891, 7223, 5702, 3728, 29898, 3835, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 286, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 445, 29889, 1516, 3174, 7032, 287, 9107, 13, 13, 4706, 565, 313, 29885, 29889, 4230, 16190, 29897, 426, 13, 3986, 445, 29889, 1949, 29924, 29879, 3174, 353, 286, 29889, 7645, 8009, 718, 29871, 29896, 29936, 13, 4706, 500, 13, 4706, 565, 313, 21707, 29889, 275, 11862, 10861, 3101, 426, 13, 3986, 17927, 29889, 8382, 29898, 13, 795, 376, 3835, 292, 7777, 17026, 292, 16034, 29901, 10554, 272, 1178, 29901, 15739, 317, 1581, 29901, 15739, 11946, 1179, 10554, 287, 29901, 15739, 11848, 29924, 29879, 3174, 29901, 6571, 613, 13, 795, 679, 18689, 1204, 3285, 286, 29889, 657, 29615, 3285, 445, 29889, 1516, 3174, 7032, 287, 29892, 445, 29889, 1949, 29924, 29879, 3174, 416, 13, 4706, 500, 13, 13, 4706, 849, 445, 29889, 1949, 29924, 29879, 3174, 8665, 714, 408, 5225, 322, 4947, 16601, 13, 4706, 849, 871, 746, 591, 679, 263, 1833, 16190, 1565, 29889, 13, 4706, 849, 4001, 591, 11924, 10887, 3174, 7032, 287, 29892, 278, 1494, 4195, 13, 4706, 849, 2609, 367, 1565, 2745, 1047, 5410, 1156, 591, 29915, 345, 4520, 278, 13, 4706, 849, 1833, 16190, 29892, 322, 18470, 393, 599, 7191, 505, 1063, 19356, 13, 4706, 736, 445, 29889, 1516, 3174, 7032, 287, 1275, 445, 29889, 1949, 29924, 29879, 3174, 29936, 13, 418, 500, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 13, 1678, 970, 13763, 292, 18689, 29898, 8394, 512, 1890, 13398, 7541, 3924, 1788, 29892, 13, 4706, 512, 1890, 13398, 7541, 13404, 4509, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 2428, 29898, 5205, 29892, 4509, 416, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 970, 13763, 292, 18689, 29898, 16491, 13398, 7541, 3924, 1788, 29892, 3789, 5144, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 2428, 29898, 5205, 29892, 5144, 416, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 970, 1780, 1889, 29898, 13398, 3224, 3728, 10191, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 849, 11455, 7191, 515, 5144, 451, 297, 278, 4480, 1051, 13, 418, 565, 5384, 10685, 292, 2951, 13404, 29898, 7645, 29889, 657, 29615, 22130, 426, 13, 4706, 736, 29936, 13, 418, 500, 13, 418, 445, 29889, 1516, 3174, 3629, 292, 7032, 287, 29889, 25629, 2855, 2577, 890, 13, 418, 1018, 426, 13, 4706, 13763, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 286, 353, 313, 3835, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 29897, 10191, 29936, 13, 4706, 7223, 338, 8897, 353, 1565, 29936, 849, 338, 1833, 2643, 363, 445, 4509, 29973, 13, 4706, 2391, 3618, 353, 286, 29889, 657, 12724, 890, 13, 4706, 565, 313, 12650, 2804, 1870, 29897, 426, 849, 8707, 1254, 4717, 10192, 29901, 3618, 881, 871, 367, 1870, 565, 727, 29915, 29879, 694, 848, 472, 599, 13, 3986, 849, 28209, 29871, 29941, 29955, 29946, 29953, 29896, 29901, 1016, 29915, 29873, 2758, 27450, 304, 367, 10092, 29889, 13, 3986, 7223, 338, 4920, 18054, 353, 445, 29889, 370, 441, 29936, 849, 1700, 24285, 6699, 13, 3986, 565, 5384, 275, 4920, 18054, 29897, 426, 13, 9651, 338, 4920, 18054, 353, 1738, 5014, 1451, 2960, 29898, 12650, 29892, 286, 29889, 657, 29615, 3285, 286, 29889, 7645, 8009, 29892, 286, 29889, 4230, 16190, 416, 13, 9651, 565, 313, 275, 4920, 18054, 29897, 426, 13, 795, 445, 29889, 370, 441, 353, 1565, 29936, 849, 1700, 24285, 3787, 13, 9651, 500, 13, 3986, 500, 13, 3986, 338, 8897, 353, 338, 4920, 18054, 3830, 5702, 3728, 29898, 29885, 416, 849, 6613, 10191, 8009, 13, 3986, 849 ]

1,024

Github

-1.186602

0.436699

-1.003191

-0.362007

@todo ezoerner send an abort message to data provider if // !doContinue (region was destroyed or cache closed); // also provide ability to explicitly cancel } else { // if a null chunk was received (no data), then // we're done with that member isLast = true; } if (isLast) { super.process(msg, false); // removes from members and cause us to // ignore future messages received from that member } } finally { this.msgsBeingProcessed.decrementAndGet(); checkIfDone(); // check to see if decrementing msgsBeingProcessed requires signalling to // proceed } } /** * Contract of {@link ReplyProcessor21#stillWaiting()} is to never return true after returning * false. */ private volatile boolean finishedWaiting = false; /** * Overridden to wait for messages being currently processed: This situation can come about if a * member departs while we are still processing data from that member */ @Override protected boolean stillWaiting() { if (finishedWaiting) { // volatile fetch return false; } if (this.msgsBeingProcessed.get() > 0) { // to fix bug 37391 always wait for msgsBeingPRocessod to go to 0, // even if abort is true return true; } // volatile fetches finishedWaiting = finishedWaiting || this.abort || !super.stillWaiting(); return !finishedWaiting; } @Override public String toString() { return "<" + this.getClass().getName() + " " + this.getProcessorId() + " waiting for " + numMembers() + " replies" + (exception == null ? "" : (" exception: " + exception)) + " from " + membersToString() + "; waiting for " + this.msgsBeingProcessed.get() + " messages in the process of being processed" + ">"; } protected boolean trackMessage(StreamingReplyMessage m) { Status status; synchronized (this) { status = (Status) this.statusMap.get(m.getSender()); if (status == null) { status = new Status(); this.statusMap.put(m.getSender(), status); } } return status.trackMessage(m); } } public abstract static class RequestStreamingMessage extends PooledDistributionMessage implements MessageWithReply { protected int processorId; @Override public int getProcessorId() { return this.processorId; } @Override protected void process(final ClusterDistributionManager dm) { Throwable thr = null; ReplyException rex = null; Object nextObject = null; Object failedObject = null; int socketBufferSize = dm.getSystem().getConfig().getSocketBufferSize(); int chunkSize = socketBufferSize - MSG_OVERHEAD; HeapDataOutputStream outStream = new HeapDataOutputStream(chunkSize, getSender().getVersionObject()); boolean sentFinalMessage = false; boolean receiverCacheClosed = false; int msgNum = 0; try { do { int numObjectsInChunk = 0; // boolean firstObject = true; // always write at least one object, allowing expansion // if we have an object already that didn't get added, then use // that object instead of getting another one if (failedObject == null) { nextObject = getNextReplyObject(); } else { nextObject = failedObject; failedObject = null; } if (nextObject != Token.END_OF_STREAM) { numObjectsInChunk = 1; BlobHelper.serializeTo(nextObject, outStream); // for the next objects, disallow stream from allocating more storage do { outStream.disallowExp

[ 732, 29873, 8144, 321, 2502, 15479, 3638, 385, 27450, 2643, 304, 848, 13113, 565, 13, 3986, 849, 1738, 1867, 1323, 14150, 313, 12803, 471, 14416, 470, 7090, 5764, 416, 13, 3986, 849, 884, 3867, 11509, 304, 9479, 12611, 13, 4706, 500, 1683, 426, 13, 3986, 849, 565, 263, 1870, 19875, 471, 4520, 313, 1217, 848, 511, 769, 13, 3986, 849, 591, 29915, 276, 2309, 411, 393, 4509, 13, 3986, 338, 8897, 353, 1565, 29936, 13, 4706, 500, 13, 4706, 565, 313, 275, 8897, 29897, 426, 13, 3986, 2428, 29889, 5014, 29898, 7645, 29892, 2089, 416, 849, 25388, 515, 5144, 322, 4556, 502, 304, 13, 462, 462, 268, 849, 11455, 5434, 7191, 4520, 515, 393, 4509, 13, 4706, 500, 13, 418, 500, 7146, 426, 13, 4706, 445, 29889, 1516, 3174, 3629, 292, 7032, 287, 29889, 311, 17053, 2855, 2577, 890, 13, 4706, 1423, 3644, 25632, 890, 849, 1423, 304, 1074, 565, 9263, 358, 292, 10887, 3174, 3629, 292, 7032, 287, 6858, 1804, 27855, 304, 13, 462, 539, 849, 8469, 13, 418, 500, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 7762, 13, 268, 334, 2866, 1461, 310, 26633, 2324, 10088, 368, 18689, 29906, 29896, 29937, 303, 453, 15716, 292, 28296, 338, 304, 2360, 736, 1565, 1156, 7863, 13, 268, 334, 2089, 29889, 13, 268, 3776, 13, 1678, 2024, 1700, 24285, 7223, 7743, 15716, 292, 353, 2089, 29936, 13, 13, 1678, 7762, 13, 268, 334, 6811, 2429, 1145, 304, 4480, 363, 7191, 1641, 5279, 19356, 29901, 910, 6434, 508, 2041, 1048, 565, 263, 13, 268, 334, 4509, 1401, 5708, 1550, 591, 526, 1603, 9068, 848, 515, 393, 4509, 13, 268, 3776, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 6364, 7223, 1603, 15716, 292, 580, 426, 13, 418, 565, 313, 4951, 3276, 15716, 292, 29897, 426, 849, 1700, 24285, 6699, 13, 4706, 736, 2089, 29936, 13, 418, 500, 13, 418, 565, 313, 1366, 29889, 1516, 3174, 3629, 292, 7032, 287, 29889, 657, 580, 1405, 29871, 29900, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 849, 304, 2329, 6494, 29871, 29941, 29955, 29941, 29929, 29896, 2337, 4480, 363, 10887, 3174, 3629, 292, 10593, 542, 404, 397, 304, 748, 304, 29871, 29900, 29892, 13, 4706, 849, 1584, 565, 27450, 338, 1565, 13, 4706, 736, 1565, 29936, 13, 418, 500, 13, 418, 849, 1700, 24285, 6699, 267, 13, 418, 7743, 15716, 292, 353, 7743, 15716, 292, 3830, 445, 29889, 370, 441, 3830, 1738, 9136, 29889, 303, 453, 15716, 292, 890, 13, 418, 736, 1738, 4951, 3276, 15716, 292, 29936, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 970, 1714, 304, 1231, 580, 426, 13, 418, 736, 9872, 29908, 718, 445, 29889, 657, 2385, 2141, 19629, 580, 718, 376, 376, 718, 445, 29889, 657, 18689, 1204, 580, 718, 376, 10534, 363, 376, 13, 3986, 718, 954, 29924, 13415, 580, 718, 376, 1634, 3687, 29908, 718, 313, 11739, 1275, 1870, 1577, 5124, 584, 4852, 3682, 29901, 376, 718, 3682, 876, 13, 3986, 718, 376, 515, 376, 718, 5144, 8246, 580, 718, 12159, 10534, 363, 376, 718, 445, 29889, 1516, 3174, 3629, 292, 7032, 287, 29889, 657, 580, 13, 3986, 718, 376, 7191, 297, 278, 1889, 310, 1641, 19356, 29908, 718, 376, 16871, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 6364, 7223, 5702, 3728, 29898, 3835, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 286, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 16034, 4660, 29936, 13, 418, 12231, 1891, 313, 1366, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 4660, 353, 313, 5709, 29897, 445, 29889, 4882, 3388, 29889, 657, 29898, 29885, 29889, 657, 29615, 3310, 13, 4706, 565, 313, 4882, 1275, 1870, 29897, 426, 13, 3986, 4660, 353, 716, 16034, 890, 13, 3986, 445, 29889, 4882, 3388, 29889, 649, 29898, 29885, 29889, 657, 29615, 3285, 4660, 416, 13, 4706, 500, 13, 418, 500, 13, 418, 736, 4660, 29889, 11294, 3728, 29898, 29885, 416, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 29871, 500, 13, 13, 29871, 970, 9846, 2294, 770, 10729, 3835, 292, 3728, 4988, 349, 3634, 839, 13398, 3224, 3728, 13, 418, 10703, 7777, 3047, 5612, 368, 426, 13, 13, 1678, 6364, 938, 21433, 1204, 29936, 13, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 970, 938, 679, 18689, 1204, 580, 426, 13, 418, 736, 445, 29889, 26482, 1204, 29936, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 6364, 1780, 1889, 29898, 8394, 2233, 5402, 13398, 3224, 3260, 270, 29885, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 498, 798, 519, 1468, 353, 1870, 29936, 13, 418, 10088, 368, 2451, 337, 29916, 353, 1870, 29936, 13, 418, 4669, 2446, 2061, 353, 1870, 29936, 13, 418, 4669, 5229, 2061, 353, 1870, 29936, 13, 418, 938, 9909, 7701, 3505, 353, 270, 29885, 29889, 657, 3924, 2141, 657, 3991, 2141, 657, 11373, 7701, 3505, 890, 13, 418, 938, 19875, 3505, 353, 9909, 7701, 3505, 448, 10888, 29954, 29918, 29949, 5348, 23252, 29936, 13, 418, 940, 481, 1469, 16764, 714, 3835, 353, 13, 3986, 716, 940, 481, 1469, 16764, 29898, 29812, 3505, 29892, 679, 29615, 2141, 657, 6594, 2061, 3310, 13, 418, 7223, 2665, 15790, 3728, 353, 2089, 29936, 13, 418, 7223, 19870, 10408, 6821, 2662, 353, 2089, 29936, 13, 418, 938, 10191, 8009, 353, 29871, 29900, 29936, 13, 13, 418, 1018, 426, 13, 4706, 437, 426, 13, 3986, 938, 954, 12724, 797, 1451, 2960, 353, 29871, 29900, 29936, 13, 3986, 849, 7223, 937, 2061, 353, 1565, 29936, 13, 13, 3986, 849, 2337, 2436, 472, 3203, 697, 1203, 29892, 14372, 13184, 13, 3986, 849, 565, 591, 505, 385, 1203, 2307, 393, 3282, 29915, 29873, 679, 2715, 29892, 769, 671, 13, 3986, 849, 393, 1203, 2012, 310, 2805, 1790, 697, 13, 3986, 565, 313, 26061, 2061, 1275, 1870, 29897, 426, 13, 9651, 2446, 2061, 353, 679, 9190, 5612, 368, 2061, 890, 13, 3986, 500, 1683, 426, 13, 9651, 2446, 2061, 353, 5229, 2061, 29936, 13, 9651, 5229, 2061, 353, 1870, 29936, 13, 3986, 500, 13, 13, 3986, 565, 313, 4622, 2061, 2804, 25159, 29889, 11794, 29918, 9800, 29918, 1254, 1525, 5194, 29897, 426, 13, 9651, 954, 12724, 797, 1451, 2960, 353, 29871, 29896, 29936, 13, 9651, 350, 2127, 10739, 29889, 643, 6646, 1762, 29898, 4622, 2061, 29892, 714, 3835, 416, 13, 13, 9651, 849, 363, 278, 2446, 3618, 29892, 766, 9536, 4840, 515, 6643, 1218, 901, 8635, 13, 9651, 437, 426, 13, 795, 714, 3835, 29889, 2218, 9536, 9544 ]

1,024

Github

-1.398533

0.075915

-1.288313

-0.867958

ansion(CHUNK_FULL); // sets the mark where rollback occurs on // CHUNK_FULL nextObject = getNextReplyObject(); if (nextObject != Token.END_OF_STREAM) { try { BlobHelper.serializeTo(nextObject, outStream); numObjectsInChunk++; } catch (GemFireRethrowable e) { // can only be thrown when expansion is disallowed // and buffer is automatically reset to point where it was disallowed failedObject = nextObject; break; } } } while (nextObject != Token.END_OF_STREAM); } try { replyWithData(dm, outStream, numObjectsInChunk, msgNum++, nextObject == Token.END_OF_STREAM); if (nextObject == Token.END_OF_STREAM) { sentFinalMessage = true; } } catch (CancelException e) { receiverCacheClosed = true; break; // receiver no longer cares } outStream.reset(); // ready for reuse, assumes replyWithData // does not queue the message but outStream has // already been used } while (nextObject != Token.END_OF_STREAM); // } catch (CancelException e) { // // if cache is closed, we cannot send a reply (correct?) } catch (VirtualMachineError err) { SystemFailure.initiateFailure(err); // If this ever returns, rethrow the error. We're poisoned // now, so don't let this thread continue. throw err; } catch (Throwable t) { // Whenever you catch Error or Throwable, you must also // catch VirtualMachineError (see above). However, there is // _still_ a possibility that you are dealing with a cascading // error condition, so you also need to check to see if the JVM // is still usable: SystemFailure.checkFailure(); thr = t; } if (thr != null) { rex = new ReplyException(thr); replyWithException(dm, rex); } else if (!sentFinalMessage && !receiverCacheClosed) { throw new InternalGemFireError( LocalizedStrings.StreamingOperation_THIS_SHOULDNT_HAPPEN.toLocalizedString()); // replyNoData(dm); } } /** * override in subclass to provide reply data. terminate by returning Token.END_OF_STREAM */ protected abstract Object getNextReplyObject() throws InterruptedException; // private void replyNoData(DistributionManager dm) { // StreamingReplyMessage.send(getSender(), this.processorId, null, dm, null, 0, 0, true); // } protected void replyWithData(ClusterDistributionManager dm, HeapDataOutputStream outStream, int numObjects, int msgNum, boolean lastMsg) { StreamingReplyMessage.send(getSender(), this.processorId, null, dm, outStream, numObjects, msgNum, lastMsg); } protected void replyWithException(ClusterDistributionManager dm, ReplyException rex) { StreamingReplyMessage.send(getSender(), this.processorId, rex, dm, null, 0, 0, true); } @Override public void fromData(DataInput in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException { super.fromData(in); this.processorId = in.readInt(); } @Override public void toData(DataOutput out) throws IOException { super.toData(out); out.writeInt(this.processorId); } @Override public String toString() { StringBuffer buff = new StringBuffer(); buff.append(getClass().getName()); buff.append("'; sender="); buff.append(getSender()); buff.append("; processorId="); buff.

[ 9454, 29898, 3210, 3904, 29968, 29918, 29943, 3299, 416, 849, 6166, 278, 2791, 988, 9679, 1627, 10008, 373, 13, 462, 462, 462, 539, 849, 5868, 3904, 29968, 29918, 29943, 3299, 13, 13, 795, 2446, 2061, 353, 679, 9190, 5612, 368, 2061, 890, 13, 13, 795, 565, 313, 4622, 2061, 2804, 25159, 29889, 11794, 29918, 9800, 29918, 1254, 1525, 5194, 29897, 426, 13, 18884, 1018, 426, 13, 462, 29871, 350, 2127, 10739, 29889, 643, 6646, 1762, 29898, 4622, 2061, 29892, 714, 3835, 416, 13, 462, 29871, 954, 12724, 797, 1451, 2960, 9107, 13, 18884, 500, 4380, 313, 29954, 331, 18654, 29934, 621, 798, 519, 321, 29897, 426, 13, 462, 29871, 849, 508, 871, 367, 12005, 746, 13184, 338, 766, 24622, 13, 462, 29871, 849, 322, 6835, 338, 6336, 10092, 304, 1298, 988, 372, 471, 766, 24622, 13, 462, 29871, 5229, 2061, 353, 2446, 2061, 29936, 13, 462, 29871, 2867, 29936, 13, 18884, 500, 13, 795, 500, 13, 9651, 500, 1550, 313, 4622, 2061, 2804, 25159, 29889, 11794, 29918, 9800, 29918, 1254, 1525, 5194, 416, 13, 3986, 500, 13, 13, 3986, 1018, 426, 13, 9651, 8908, 3047, 1469, 29898, 18933, 29892, 714, 3835, 29892, 954, 12724, 797, 1451, 2960, 29892, 10191, 8009, 10024, 13, 18884, 2446, 2061, 1275, 25159, 29889, 11794, 29918, 9800, 29918, 1254, 1525, 5194, 416, 13, 9651, 565, 313, 4622, 2061, 1275, 25159, 29889, 11794, 29918, 9800, 29918, 1254, 1525, 5194, 29897, 426, 13, 795, 2665, 15790, 3728, 353, 1565, 29936, 13, 9651, 500, 13, 3986, 500, 4380, 313, 19420, 2451, 321, 29897, 426, 13, 9651, 19870, 10408, 6821, 2662, 353, 1565, 29936, 13, 9651, 2867, 29936, 849, 19870, 694, 5520, 1559, 267, 13, 3986, 500, 13, 3986, 714, 3835, 29889, 12071, 890, 849, 7960, 363, 24270, 29892, 15894, 8908, 3047, 1469, 13, 462, 632, 849, 947, 451, 9521, 278, 2643, 541, 714, 3835, 756, 13, 462, 632, 849, 2307, 1063, 1304, 13, 4706, 500, 1550, 313, 4622, 2061, 2804, 25159, 29889, 11794, 29918, 9800, 29918, 1254, 1525, 5194, 416, 13, 4706, 849, 500, 4380, 313, 19420, 2451, 321, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 849, 849, 565, 7090, 338, 5764, 29892, 591, 2609, 3638, 263, 8908, 313, 15728, 7897, 13, 418, 500, 4380, 313, 21287, 29076, 2392, 4589, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 2184, 24155, 29889, 2344, 29347, 24155, 29898, 3127, 416, 13, 4706, 849, 960, 445, 3926, 3639, 29892, 337, 20539, 278, 1059, 29889, 1334, 29915, 276, 27908, 287, 13, 4706, 849, 1286, 29892, 577, 1016, 29915, 29873, 1235, 445, 3244, 6773, 29889, 13, 4706, 3183, 4589, 29936, 13, 418, 500, 4380, 313, 29473, 519, 260, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 849, 1932, 1310, 366, 4380, 4829, 470, 498, 798, 519, 29892, 366, 1818, 884, 13, 4706, 849, 4380, 19181, 29076, 2392, 313, 4149, 2038, 467, 2398, 29892, 727, 338, 13, 4706, 849, 903, 303, 453, 29918, 263, 13331, 393, 366, 526, 16743, 411, 263, 3209, 29883, 9382, 13, 4706, 849, 1059, 4195, 29892, 577, 366, 884, 817, 304, 1423, 304, 1074, 565, 278, 26919, 13, 4706, 849, 338, 1603, 502, 519, 29901, 13, 4706, 2184, 24155, 29889, 3198, 24155, 890, 13, 4706, 1468, 353, 260, 29936, 13, 418, 500, 13, 13, 418, 565, 313, 386, 29878, 2804, 1870, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 337, 29916, 353, 716, 10088, 368, 2451, 29898, 386, 29878, 416, 13, 4706, 8908, 3047, 2451, 29898, 18933, 29892, 337, 29916, 416, 13, 418, 500, 1683, 565, 5384, 18616, 15790, 3728, 2607, 1738, 13556, 2147, 10408, 6821, 2662, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 3183, 716, 512, 1890, 29954, 331, 18654, 2392, 29898, 13, 9651, 9959, 1891, 26545, 29889, 3835, 292, 10925, 29918, 4690, 3235, 29918, 7068, 27269, 10249, 20321, 29918, 29950, 20576, 1430, 29889, 517, 7717, 1891, 1231, 3310, 13, 4706, 849, 8908, 3782, 1469, 29898, 18933, 416, 13, 418, 500, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 7762, 13, 268, 334, 5712, 297, 19481, 304, 3867, 8908, 848, 29889, 29504, 491, 7863, 25159, 29889, 11794, 29918, 9800, 29918, 1254, 1525, 5194, 13, 268, 3776, 13, 1678, 6364, 9846, 4669, 679, 9190, 5612, 368, 2061, 580, 8026, 4124, 14214, 2451, 29936, 13, 13, 1678, 849, 2024, 1780, 8908, 3782, 1469, 29898, 13398, 3224, 3260, 270, 29885, 29897, 426, 13, 1678, 849, 13763, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 29889, 6717, 29898, 657, 29615, 3285, 445, 29889, 26482, 1204, 29892, 1870, 29892, 270, 29885, 29892, 1870, 29892, 29871, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29900, 29892, 1565, 416, 13, 1678, 849, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 6364, 1780, 8908, 3047, 1469, 29898, 6821, 5402, 13398, 3224, 3260, 270, 29885, 29892, 940, 481, 1469, 16764, 714, 3835, 29892, 13, 4706, 938, 954, 12724, 29892, 938, 10191, 8009, 29892, 7223, 1833, 16190, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 13763, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 29889, 6717, 29898, 657, 29615, 3285, 445, 29889, 26482, 1204, 29892, 1870, 29892, 270, 29885, 29892, 714, 3835, 29892, 954, 12724, 29892, 13, 3986, 10191, 8009, 29892, 1833, 16190, 416, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 6364, 1780, 8908, 3047, 2451, 29898, 6821, 5402, 13398, 3224, 3260, 270, 29885, 29892, 10088, 368, 2451, 337, 29916, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 13763, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 29889, 6717, 29898, 657, 29615, 3285, 445, 29889, 26482, 1204, 29892, 337, 29916, 29892, 270, 29885, 29892, 1870, 29892, 29871, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29900, 29892, 1565, 416, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 970, 1780, 515, 1469, 29898, 1469, 4290, 297, 29897, 8026, 24490, 29892, 4134, 17413, 2451, 426, 13, 418, 2428, 29889, 3166, 1469, 29898, 262, 416, 13, 418, 445, 29889, 26482, 1204, 353, 297, 29889, 949, 2928, 890, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 970, 1780, 304, 1469, 29898, 1469, 6466, 714, 29897, 8026, 24490, 426, 13, 418, 2428, 29889, 517, 1469, 29898, 449, 416, 13, 418, 714, 29889, 3539, 2928, 29898, 1366, 29889, 26482, 1204, 416, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 970, 1714, 304, 1231, 580, 426, 13, 418, 1714, 7701, 20487, 353, 716, 1714, 7701, 890, 13, 418, 20487, 29889, 4397, 29898, 657, 2385, 2141, 19629, 3310, 13, 418, 20487, 29889, 4397, 703, 2670, 10004, 543, 416, 13, 418, 20487, 29889, 4397, 29898, 657, 29615, 3310, 13, 418, 20487, 29889, 4397, 703, 29936, 21433, 1204, 543, 416, 13, 418, 20487, 29889 ]

1,024

Github

-1.518084

0.314707

-1.333144

-1.041246

append(this.processorId); buff.append(")"); return buff.toString(); } } public static class StreamingReplyMessage extends ReplyMessage { /** the number of this message */ protected int msgNum; /** whether this message is the last one in this series */ protected boolean lastMsg; private transient HeapDataOutputStream chunkStream; // used only on sending side, null means // abort private transient int numObjects; // used only on sending side private transient List objectList = null; // used only on receiving side private boolean pdxReadSerialized = false; // used to read PDX types in serialized form. private transient boolean isCanceled = false; // used only on receiving side and if // messageProcessor is of type // PartitionedRegionQueryEvaluator.StreamingQueryPartitionResponse /** * @param chunkStream the data to send back, if null then all the following parameters are * ignored and any future replies from this member will be ignored, and the streaming of * chunks is considered aborted by the receiver. * * @param msgNum message number in this series (0-based) * @param lastMsg if this is the last message in this series */ public static void send(InternalDistributedMember recipient, int processorId, ReplyException exception, DistributionManager dm, HeapDataOutputStream chunkStream, int numObjects, int msgNum, boolean lastMsg) { send(recipient, processorId, exception, dm, chunkStream, numObjects, msgNum, lastMsg, false); } public static void send(InternalDistributedMember recipient, int processorId, ReplyException exception, DistributionManager dm, HeapDataOutputStream chunkStream, int numObjects, int msgNum, boolean lastMsg, boolean pdxReadSerialized) { StreamingReplyMessage m = new StreamingReplyMessage(); m.processorId = processorId; if (exception != null) { m.setException(exception); logger.debug("Replying with exception: {}", m, exception); } m.chunkStream = chunkStream; m.numObjects = numObjects; m.setRecipient(recipient); m.msgNum = msgNum; m.lastMsg = lastMsg; m.pdxReadSerialized = pdxReadSerialized; dm.putOutgoing(m); } public int getMessageNumber() { return this.msgNum; } public boolean isLastMessage() { return this.lastMsg; } public boolean isCanceled() { return isCanceled; } /** Return the objects in this chunk as a List, used only on receiving side */ public List getObjects() { return this.objectList; } @Override public int getDSFID() { return STREAMING_REPLY_MESSAGE; } @Override public void fromData(DataInput in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException { int n; super.fromData(in); n = in.readInt(); this.msgNum = in.readInt(); this.lastMsg = in.readBoolean(); this.pdxReadSerialized = in.readBoolean(); Version senderVersion = InternalDataSerializer.getVersionForDataStream(in); boolean isSenderAbove_8_1 = senderVersion.compareTo(Version.GFE_81) > 0; if (n == -1) { this.objectList = null; } else { this.numObjects = n; // for benefit of toString() this.objectList = new ArrayList(n); // Check if the PDX types needs to be kept in serialized form. // This will make readObject() to return PdxInstance form. if (this.pdxReadSerialized) { DefaultQuery.setPdxReadSerialized(true); } try { ReplyProcessor21 messageProcessor = ReplyProcessor2

[ 4397, 29898, 1366, 29889, 26482, 1204, 416, 13, 418, 20487, 29889, 4397, 703, 29897, 1496, 13, 418, 736, 20487, 29889, 7711, 890, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 29871, 500, 13, 13, 29871, 970, 2294, 770, 13763, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 4988, 10088, 368, 3728, 426, 13, 13, 1678, 7762, 278, 1353, 310, 445, 2643, 3776, 13, 1678, 6364, 938, 10191, 8009, 29936, 13, 13, 1678, 7762, 3692, 445, 2643, 338, 278, 1833, 697, 297, 445, 3652, 3776, 13, 1678, 6364, 7223, 1833, 16190, 29936, 13, 13, 1678, 2024, 1301, 993, 940, 481, 1469, 16764, 19875, 3835, 29936, 849, 1304, 871, 373, 9348, 2625, 29892, 1870, 2794, 13, 462, 462, 462, 4706, 849, 27450, 13, 1678, 2024, 1301, 993, 938, 954, 12724, 29936, 849, 1304, 871, 373, 9348, 2625, 13, 1678, 2024, 1301, 993, 2391, 1203, 1293, 353, 1870, 29936, 849, 1304, 871, 373, 13442, 2625, 13, 13, 1678, 2024, 7223, 282, 8235, 6359, 9125, 1891, 353, 2089, 29936, 849, 1304, 304, 1303, 349, 29928, 29990, 4072, 297, 7797, 1891, 883, 29889, 13, 1678, 2024, 1301, 993, 7223, 338, 29907, 749, 839, 353, 2089, 29936, 849, 1304, 871, 373, 13442, 2625, 322, 565, 13, 462, 462, 462, 29871, 849, 2643, 18689, 338, 310, 1134, 13, 462, 462, 462, 29871, 849, 3455, 654, 287, 18457, 3010, 29923, 4387, 1061, 29889, 3835, 292, 3010, 7439, 654, 5103, 13, 13, 13, 1678, 7762, 13, 268, 334, 732, 3207, 19875, 3835, 278, 848, 304, 3638, 1250, 29892, 565, 1870, 769, 599, 278, 1494, 4128, 526, 13, 268, 334, 4706, 17262, 322, 738, 5434, 1634, 3687, 515, 445, 4509, 674, 367, 17262, 29892, 322, 278, 24820, 310, 13, 268, 334, 4706, 521, 18801, 338, 5545, 633, 18054, 491, 278, 19870, 29889, 13, 268, 334, 13, 268, 334, 732, 3207, 10191, 8009, 2643, 1353, 297, 445, 3652, 313, 29900, 29899, 6707, 29897, 13, 268, 334, 732, 3207, 1833, 16190, 565, 445, 338, 278, 1833, 2643, 297, 445, 3652, 13, 268, 3776, 13, 1678, 970, 2294, 1780, 3638, 29898, 16491, 13398, 7541, 13404, 23957, 993, 29892, 938, 21433, 1204, 29892, 13, 4706, 10088, 368, 2451, 3682, 29892, 17740, 3260, 270, 29885, 29892, 940, 481, 1469, 16764, 19875, 3835, 29892, 13, 4706, 938, 954, 12724, 29892, 938, 10191, 8009, 29892, 7223, 1833, 16190, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 3638, 29898, 4361, 29886, 993, 29892, 21433, 1204, 29892, 3682, 29892, 270, 29885, 29892, 19875, 3835, 29892, 954, 12724, 29892, 10191, 8009, 29892, 1833, 16190, 29892, 2089, 416, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 970, 2294, 1780, 3638, 29898, 16491, 13398, 7541, 13404, 23957, 993, 29892, 938, 21433, 1204, 29892, 13, 4706, 10088, 368, 2451, 3682, 29892, 17740, 3260, 270, 29885, 29892, 940, 481, 1469, 16764, 19875, 3835, 29892, 13, 4706, 938, 954, 12724, 29892, 938, 10191, 8009, 29892, 7223, 1833, 16190, 29892, 7223, 282, 8235, 6359, 9125, 1891, 29897, 426, 13, 418, 13763, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 286, 353, 716, 13763, 292, 5612, 368, 3728, 890, 13, 418, 286, 29889, 26482, 1204, 353, 21433, 1204, 29936, 13, 13, 418, 565, 313, 11739, 2804, 1870, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 286, 29889, 842, 2451, 29898, 11739, 416, 13, 4706, 17927, 29889, 8382, 703, 5612, 5890, 411, 3682, 29901, 6571, 613, 286, 29892, 3682, 416, 13, 418, 500, 13, 13, 418, 286, 29889, 29812, 3835, 353, 19875, 3835, 29936, 13, 418, 286, 29889, 1949, 12724, 353, 954, 12724, 29936, 13, 418, 286, 29889, 842, 1123, 7334, 993, 29898, 4361, 29886, 993, 416, 13, 418, 286, 29889, 7645, 8009, 353, 10191, 8009, 29936, 13, 418, 286, 29889, 4230, 16190, 353, 1833, 16190, 29936, 13, 418, 286, 29889, 29886, 8235, 6359, 9125, 1891, 353, 282, 8235, 6359, 9125, 1891, 29936, 13, 418, 270, 29885, 29889, 649, 3744, 17696, 29898, 29885, 416, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 970, 938, 679, 3728, 4557, 580, 426, 13, 418, 736, 445, 29889, 7645, 8009, 29936, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 970, 7223, 338, 8897, 3728, 580, 426, 13, 418, 736, 445, 29889, 4230, 16190, 29936, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 970, 7223, 338, 29907, 749, 839, 580, 426, 13, 418, 736, 338, 29907, 749, 839, 29936, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 7762, 7106, 278, 3618, 297, 445, 19875, 408, 263, 2391, 29892, 1304, 871, 373, 13442, 2625, 3776, 13, 1678, 970, 2391, 679, 12724, 580, 426, 13, 418, 736, 445, 29889, 3318, 1293, 29936, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 970, 938, 679, 8452, 29943, 1367, 580, 426, 13, 418, 736, 6850, 1525, 5194, 4214, 29918, 1525, 7390, 29979, 29918, 2303, 1799, 10461, 29936, 13, 1678, 500, 13, 13, 13, 1678, 732, 4640, 13, 1678, 970, 1780, 515, 1469, 29898, 1469, 4290, 297, 29897, 8026, 24490, 29892, 4134, 17413, 2451, 426, 13, 418, 938, 302, 29936, 13, 418, 2428, 29889, 3166, 1469, 29898, 262, 416, 13, 418, 302, 353, 297, 29889, 949, 2928, 890, 13, 418, 445, 29889, 7645, 8009, 353, 297, 29889, 949, 2928, 890, 13, 418, 445, 29889, 4230, 16190, 353, 297, 29889, 949, 18146, 890, 13, 418, 445, 29889, 29886, 8235, 6359, 9125, 1891, 353, 297, 29889, 949, 18146, 890, 13, 418, 10079, 10004, 6594, 353, 512, 1890, 1469, 17679, 29889, 657, 6594, 2831, 1469, 3835, 29898, 262, 416, 13, 418, 7223, 338, 29615, 29909, 29205, 29918, 29947, 29918, 29896, 353, 10004, 6594, 29889, 18307, 1762, 29898, 6594, 29889, 29954, 16359, 29918, 29947, 29896, 29897, 1405, 29871, 29900, 29936, 13, 418, 565, 313, 29876, 1275, 448, 29896, 29897, 426, 13, 4706, 445, 29889, 3318, 1293, 353, 1870, 29936, 13, 418, 500, 1683, 426, 13, 4706, 445, 29889, 1949, 12724, 353, 302, 29936, 849, 363, 14169, 310, 304, 1231, 580, 13, 4706, 445, 29889, 3318, 1293, 353, 716, 9791, 29898, 29876, 416, 13, 4706, 849, 5399, 565, 278, 349, 29928, 29990, 4072, 4225, 304, 367, 8126, 297, 7797, 1891, 883, 29889, 13, 4706, 849, 910, 674, 1207, 1303, 2061, 580, 304, 736, 349, 8235, 4998, 883, 29889, 13, 4706, 565, 313, 1366, 29889, 29886, 8235, 6359, 9125, 1891, 29897, 426, 13, 3986, 13109, 3010, 29889, 842, 29925, 8235, 6359, 9125, 1891, 29898, 3009, 416, 13, 4706, 500, 13, 4706, 1018, 426, 13, 3986, 10088, 368, 18689, 29906, 29896, 2643, 18689, 353, 10088, 368, 18689, 29906 ]

1,024

Github

-1.363211

-0.025312

-1.290106

-0.980532

PUP isn't playing around Sean Wilkinson September 9, 2022 - 10:00am December 21, 2022 - 8:43am On Wednesday night, the Canopy Club was treated to a hell of a show from Toronto-based punk outfit PUP. Joining them was fellow Canadian band The OBGMs, as well as Brooklyn-based group Palehound (currently signed to Polyvinyl). I came into this show with only the slightest familiarity of these three bands. I knew a few songs from PUP and Palehound, but knew basically nothing about The OBGMs. Unfortunately, I arrived at the show after The OBGMs had started and only caught the last two songs. That being said, it seemed like I missed a great set. The group, much like PUP, plays loud, fast, in-your-face punk. In the last song, the band had the crowd chanting along with them "OBGMs," as the group jumped around the stage and got the audience riled up. If they had that much energy for their last song, I can only imagine what the beginning of the set was like. For only hearing one song from the group, I was intrigued and followed them on Spotify. I was also surprised to find out that their 2020 album The Ends was a shortlisted finalist for the 2021 Polaris Music Prize. So that's pretty dang cool. Next up on the bill was Polyvinyl's own Palehound. I was probably the most familiar with this group out of all of the bands — I'd heard some of their music, and was familiar with lead singer Ellen Kempner's other band Bachelor (a collaboration with Jay Som). Palehound is an indie rock trio out of Brooklyn, and after playing a few songs, Kempner took a moment to mention everyone on tour being so kind. She mentioned that on the first show of tour (Urbana was the second show of tour) she was feeling down on herself during the set, but in the crowd a lone Jugalette was shouting at her telling her how amazing she was doing. It was a very sweet, comedic moment and a nice interlude between songs. She also took a moment to shoutout Polyvinyl and how the label has been nothing but amazing to the band, making them feel like family. Playing in front of an ever-changing LED backdrop of nature scenes, the group powered through roughly 40 minutes of music, which flowed between softer songs and more upbeat punk songs. It felt very well curated, the softer songs giving us a bit of breathing room after a harder song. The group sounded amazing, and I'll be keeping up with them for sure. Pretty quickly after Palehound finished, PUP took the stage. The group was greeted by thunderous applause and screaming before going into the song "Four Chords" off of their newest album The Unraveling of PUPtheBand. The track starts with a soft piano before bursting into a wall of sound — a great preview of what was to come. The band played on, ripping through songs with incredible power. Jumping around the stage, playing guitar behind their heads, and getting the crowd to chant along while the mosh pit formed during the first song. After the second song, someone in the crowd mentioned it was their birthday, so vocalist Stefan Babcock took a photo with the audience member while the rest of the band played a version of "Happy Birthday." They played a few more songs until a guitarist's worst nightmare happened to lead guitarist Steve Sladkowski — his pedalboard power supply went out. Maybe not worst nightmare, but it still sucks, and unfortunately Sladkowski had to troubleshoot with the help of crew members. Babcock and the rest of the band carried on as a three piece while the pedalboard was being fixed, playing old songs that the group hadn't played in years. Eventually the pedals were back up and running, and the group carried on as if nothing happened. PUP makes the kind of music that you blast in your bedroom, screaming and letting out anger and frustration, but damn, does it feel good. The music is angsty and relatable and even the songs I didn't know, I wanted to be screaming along with the crowd to them. They did play my favorite song of theirs, "Sleep in the Heat," a

[ 349, 4897, 3508, 29915, 29873, 8743, 2820, 13, 2008, 273, 4624, 9089, 1100, 3839, 29871, 29929, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29906, 448, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29901, 29900, 29900, 314, 5846, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29906, 448, 29871, 29947, 29901, 29946, 29941, 314, 13, 2951, 15050, 4515, 3250, 4646, 29892, 278, 1815, 2270, 5977, 471, 14914, 304, 263, 23927, 310, 263, 1510, 515, 17612, 29899, 6707, 21356, 714, 9202, 349, 4897, 29889, 3650, 2827, 963, 471, 10404, 11443, 3719, 450, 438, 29933, 21576, 29879, 29892, 408, 1532, 408, 18737, 13493, 29899, 6707, 2318, 26412, 29882, 618, 313, 3784, 368, 8794, 304, 21755, 3845, 2904, 467, 306, 2996, 964, 445, 1510, 411, 871, 278, 7248, 342, 9985, 537, 310, 1438, 2211, 22706, 29889, 306, 6363, 263, 2846, 12516, 515, 349, 4897, 322, 26412, 29882, 618, 29892, 541, 6363, 8830, 3078, 1048, 450, 438, 29933, 21576, 29879, 29889, 11511, 29892, 306, 11977, 472, 278, 1510, 1156, 450, 438, 29933, 21576, 29879, 750, 4687, 322, 871, 12624, 278, 1833, 1023, 12516, 29889, 13, 7058, 1641, 1497, 29892, 372, 6140, 763, 306, 13726, 263, 2107, 731, 29889, 450, 2318, 29892, 1568, 763, 349, 4897, 29892, 13582, 22526, 29892, 5172, 29892, 297, 29899, 8066, 29899, 2161, 21356, 29889, 512, 278, 1833, 4823, 29892, 278, 3719, 750, 278, 19174, 26639, 292, 3412, 411, 963, 376, 14824, 21576, 29879, 1699, 408, 278, 2318, 12500, 287, 2820, 278, 7408, 322, 2355, 278, 20026, 364, 2356, 701, 29889, 960, 896, 750, 393, 1568, 5864, 363, 1009, 1833, 4823, 29892, 306, 508, 871, 14034, 825, 278, 6763, 310, 278, 731, 471, 763, 29889, 13, 2831, 871, 22514, 697, 4823, 515, 278, 2318, 29892, 306, 471, 11158, 5526, 287, 322, 5643, 963, 373, 1706, 327, 1598, 29889, 306, 471, 884, 18014, 304, 1284, 714, 393, 1009, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29900, 3769, 450, 2796, 29879, 471, 263, 3273, 1761, 287, 2186, 391, 363, 278, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 2043, 12260, 6125, 20604, 29889, 1105, 393, 29915, 29879, 5051, 270, 574, 12528, 29889, 13, 9190, 701, 373, 278, 11118, 471, 21755, 3845, 2904, 29915, 29879, 1914, 26412, 29882, 618, 29889, 306, 471, 3117, 278, 1556, 9985, 411, 445, 2318, 714, 310, 599, 310, 278, 22706, 813, 306, 29915, 29881, 6091, 777, 310, 1009, 4696, 29892, 322, 471, 9985, 411, 3275, 15640, 29043, 476, 3451, 1089, 29915, 29879, 916, 3719, 13620, 12779, 313, 29874, 24771, 411, 19556, 6254, 467, 13, 29925, 744, 29882, 618, 338, 385, 1399, 347, 7679, 3367, 29877, 714, 310, 18737, 13493, 29892, 322, 1156, 8743, 263, 2846, 12516, 29892, 476, 3451, 1089, 3614, 263, 3256, 304, 3585, 14332, 373, 6282, 1641, 577, 2924, 29889, 2296, 5276, 393, 373, 278, 937, 1510, 310, 6282, 313, 29965, 6050, 1648, 471, 278, 1473, 1510, 310, 6282, 29897, 1183, 471, 11223, 1623, 373, 8735, 2645, 278, 731, 29892, 541, 297, 278, 19174, 263, 301, 650, 12028, 26456, 471, 21272, 292, 472, 902, 14509, 902, 920, 21863, 292, 1183, 471, 2599, 29889, 739, 471, 263, 1407, 14225, 29892, 419, 7486, 3256, 322, 263, 7575, 1006, 29880, 1151, 1546, 12516, 29889, 2296, 884, 3614, 263, 3256, 304, 21272, 449, 21755, 3845, 2904, 322, 920, 278, 3858, 756, 1063, 3078, 541, 21863, 292, 304, 278, 3719, 29892, 3907, 963, 4459, 763, 3942, 29889, 13, 13454, 292, 297, 4565, 310, 385, 3926, 29899, 305, 9776, 25023, 1250, 8865, 310, 5469, 20407, 29892, 278, 2318, 3081, 287, 1549, 20928, 29871, 29946, 29900, 6233, 310, 4696, 29892, 607, 4972, 287, 1546, 577, 906, 12516, 322, 901, 701, 915, 271, 21356, 12516, 29889, 739, 7091, 1407, 1532, 3151, 630, 29892, 278, 577, 906, 12516, 6820, 502, 263, 2586, 310, 16172, 292, 5716, 1156, 263, 22622, 4823, 29889, 450, 2318, 6047, 287, 21863, 292, 29892, 322, 306, 29915, 645, 367, 12515, 701, 411, 963, 363, 1854, 29889, 13, 6572, 4349, 9098, 1156, 26412, 29882, 618, 7743, 29892, 349, 4897, 3614, 278, 7408, 29889, 450, 2318, 471, 1395, 300, 287, 491, 266, 5062, 681, 623, 433, 1509, 322, 885, 1633, 292, 1434, 2675, 964, 278, 4823, 376, 29943, 473, 678, 4339, 29908, 1283, 310, 1009, 716, 342, 3769, 450, 853, 336, 955, 292, 310, 349, 4897, 1552, 29933, 392, 29889, 450, 5702, 8665, 411, 263, 4964, 11914, 1434, 20887, 292, 964, 263, 10090, 310, 6047, 813, 263, 2107, 25267, 310, 825, 471, 304, 2041, 29889, 13, 1576, 3719, 5318, 373, 29892, 10107, 3262, 1549, 12516, 411, 29811, 1821, 3081, 29889, 435, 3427, 292, 2820, 278, 7408, 29892, 8743, 11210, 5742, 1009, 15883, 29892, 322, 2805, 278, 19174, 304, 26639, 3412, 1550, 278, 286, 10578, 22754, 8429, 2645, 278, 937, 4823, 29889, 2860, 278, 1473, 4823, 29892, 4856, 297, 278, 19174, 5276, 372, 471, 1009, 12060, 3250, 29892, 577, 20982, 391, 21512, 14525, 24956, 3614, 263, 15373, 411, 278, 20026, 4509, 1550, 278, 1791, 310, 278, 3719, 5318, 263, 1873, 310, 376, 29950, 14862, 350, 7515, 3250, 1213, 13, 15597, 5318, 263, 2846, 901, 12516, 2745, 263, 11210, 391, 29915, 29879, 17322, 4646, 29885, 598, 9559, 304, 3275, 11210, 391, 13981, 317, 4528, 7000, 2574, 813, 670, 8939, 284, 3377, 3081, 11421, 3512, 714, 29889, 7198, 451, 17322, 4646, 29885, 598, 29892, 541, 372, 1603, 480, 4684, 29892, 322, 15428, 317, 4528, 7000, 2574, 750, 304, 18835, 1251, 327, 411, 278, 1371, 310, 17616, 5144, 29889, 14525, 24956, 322, 278, 1791, 310, 278, 3719, 8988, 373, 408, 263, 2211, 8424, 1550, 278, 8939, 284, 3377, 471, 1641, 4343, 29892, 8743, 2030, 12516, 393, 278, 2318, 27222, 29915, 29873, 5318, 297, 2440, 29889, 13, 2624, 1474, 278, 8939, 1338, 892, 1250, 701, 322, 2734, 29892, 322, 278, 2318, 8988, 373, 408, 565, 3078, 9559, 29889, 349, 4897, 3732, 278, 2924, 310, 4696, 393, 366, 1999, 579, 297, 596, 6592, 8345, 29892, 885, 1633, 292, 322, 27697, 714, 27343, 322, 1424, 11036, 29892, 541, 5625, 29876, 29892, 947, 372, 4459, 1781, 29889, 450, 4696, 338, 2614, 22062, 322, 1104, 17219, 322, 1584, 278, 12516, 306, 3282, 29915, 29873, 1073, 29892, 306, 5131, 304, 367, 885, 1633, 292, 3412, 411, 278, 19174, 304, 963, 29889, 13, 15597, 1258, 1708, 590, 25448, 4823, 310, 1009, 29879, 29892, 376, 29903, 5436, 297, 278, 940, 271, 1699, 263 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.014217

-1.265995

-0.045609

-0.6922

October 6, 2014 Volleyball For as long as volleyball has been a performance sport, it has been defined on and off the court by the central battle between offence and defence. The belief has long been held, and held to be inviolable, that the advantage of offence over the defence is to the detriment of the game. Nearly every rule change over that time has been an attempt to redress that imbalance. In the mid 1990's the idea was hatched to improve the defence by including a specialist defensive player: the libero. Secondary issues to be addressed were the increasing size of the players, and the 'fall' of Asian volleyball. The libero was going to solve all of those problems. So did it? In the short-term, there were no liberos, only outside hitters who couldn't spike as well as other outside hitters. And there were coaches, whose job it was to create the best solutions for their teams. The coaches put those backup outside hitters to play backrow for the middle blockers. The short-term effect? Reception became better, the offence became stronger. Defence didn't improve by very much. On balance offence became even stronger. By the Law of Unintended Consequences the libero rule was a failure. In the medium term, there were liberos. After about ten years, the first generation of players who had only ever played libero reached the international level. These players were good at reception, but were also much better at defence than the previous generation. The medium term effect? Reception, and therefore offence, stayed much the same. Defence did (seem to) improve. On balance not much changed. By the Law of Unintended Consequences the libero rule was a failure. But middle blockers seemed to be getting bigger. Mmm… In the long-term, there are two liberos. After many years of restrictions, coaches now have the option of using two liberos, one for offence, one for defence. But the really interesting thing is how middle blockers have changed. It seems obvious, but by increasing specialisation you increase outliers. Liberos have become 'smaller' because they never have to spike at any point in their development. Conversely, middles have become 'bigger' because they never have to receive or defend at any point in their development. The long-term effect? Blocking has become much, much better. Bigger, better blockers touch more balls which better defenders can keep alive. Therefore more defence, and more longer rallies. So in the long-term, the libero rule is a success, but by the Law of Unintended Consequences. And Asia now has two teams in the top twelve in the world; Iran and Australia. The Law of Unintended Consequences. Photo Credit: fivb.org A collection of more Coaching Tips can be found here. For more great coaching tips, check out the Vyacheslav Platonov coaching book here. Asian VolleyballFIVBLaw Of Unintended ConsequencesLiberoVolleyballVolleyball ExplainedVolleyball Rules "How Volleyball Was Intended" Doug Beal, The Man Who Reinvented Volleyball Hugh Nguyen says: Couple of thoughts: 1) Great post! fascinating that middle blockers are now bigger making blocking/defence better. Is it also possible that they allowed for the bigger passer-hitter to become more common (in tandem with the receiving on the hands rule)? Instead of the middle blocker being out of the pass/taking less court you can have that receiver out of the pass. 2) So how was the libero going to help Asian volleyball? Their opponents were string in offence and the Asian teams were strong in reception and defence… so a libero would only make their opponents even stronger in defence????? Oddly, I'm sure a lot of Asian teams would not consider Australia and Iran to be "Asian" teams. At least the Asian Women's teams have been consistently competitive 3) Are there now players who have only played exclusively Libero in their? Surely players who play Libero at the highest levels played as passer-hitters at decent levels? Pat Ryan says: I noticed in the first year that due to better passing offenses seems to become even more unstoppable. Hard to believe that this wasn't foreseen. James Fortenberry says: I keep expecting someone to suggest a "libero" version of

[ 5533, 29871, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 3684, 2330, 2135, 13, 2831, 408, 1472, 408, 1700, 2330, 2135, 756, 1063, 263, 4180, 7980, 29892, 372, 756, 1063, 3342, 373, 322, 1283, 278, 8973, 491, 278, 6555, 10555, 1546, 1283, 663, 322, 28399, 29889, 450, 17750, 756, 1472, 1063, 4934, 29892, 322, 4934, 304, 367, 297, 1403, 324, 519, 29892, 393, 278, 10631, 310, 1283, 663, 975, 278, 28399, 338, 304, 278, 1439, 29878, 2073, 310, 278, 3748, 29889, 26206, 368, 1432, 5751, 1735, 975, 393, 931, 756, 1063, 385, 4218, 304, 2654, 1253, 393, 527, 5521, 749, 29889, 13, 797, 278, 7145, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29900, 29915, 29879, 278, 2969, 471, 298, 905, 287, 304, 11157, 278, 28399, 491, 3704, 263, 4266, 391, 822, 6270, 4847, 29901, 278, 7866, 29877, 29889, 6440, 653, 5626, 304, 367, 20976, 892, 278, 10231, 2159, 310, 278, 10769, 29892, 322, 278, 525, 11950, 29915, 310, 20021, 1700, 2330, 2135, 29889, 450, 7866, 29877, 471, 2675, 304, 4505, 599, 310, 1906, 4828, 29889, 1105, 1258, 372, 29973, 13, 797, 278, 3273, 29899, 8489, 29892, 727, 892, 694, 7866, 359, 29892, 871, 5377, 7124, 2153, 1058, 8496, 29915, 29873, 805, 9345, 408, 1532, 408, 916, 5377, 7124, 2153, 29889, 1126, 727, 892, 11182, 267, 29892, 5069, 4982, 372, 471, 304, 1653, 278, 1900, 6851, 363, 1009, 10907, 29889, 450, 11182, 267, 1925, 1906, 16199, 5377, 7124, 2153, 304, 1708, 1250, 798, 363, 278, 7256, 2908, 414, 29889, 450, 3273, 29899, 8489, 2779, 29973, 830, 1441, 3897, 2253, 29892, 278, 1283, 663, 3897, 23505, 29889, 5282, 663, 3282, 29915, 29873, 11157, 491, 1407, 1568, 29889, 1551, 17346, 1283, 663, 3897, 1584, 23505, 29889, 2648, 278, 7927, 310, 853, 524, 2760, 1281, 6831, 2063, 278, 7866, 29877, 5751, 471, 263, 10672, 29889, 13, 797, 278, 18350, 1840, 29892, 727, 892, 7866, 359, 29889, 2860, 1048, 3006, 2440, 29892, 278, 937, 12623, 310, 10769, 1058, 750, 871, 3926, 5318, 7866, 29877, 7450, 278, 6121, 3233, 29889, 4525, 10769, 892, 1781, 472, 25647, 29892, 541, 892, 884, 1568, 2253, 472, 28399, 1135, 278, 3517, 12623, 29889, 450, 18350, 1840, 2779, 29973, 830, 1441, 29892, 322, 5480, 1283, 663, 29892, 27661, 1568, 278, 1021, 29889, 5282, 663, 1258, 313, 344, 331, 304, 29897, 11157, 29889, 1551, 17346, 451, 1568, 3939, 29889, 2648, 278, 7927, 310, 853, 524, 2760, 1281, 6831, 2063, 278, 7866, 29877, 5751, 471, 263, 10672, 29889, 1205, 7256, 2908, 414, 6140, 304, 367, 2805, 16600, 29889, 341, 4317, 30098, 13, 797, 278, 1472, 29899, 8489, 29892, 727, 526, 1023, 7866, 359, 29889, 2860, 1784, 2440, 310, 25091, 29892, 11182, 267, 1286, 505, 278, 2984, 310, 773, 1023, 7866, 359, 29892, 697, 363, 1283, 663, 29892, 697, 363, 28399, 29889, 1205, 278, 2289, 8031, 2655, 338, 920, 7256, 2908, 414, 505, 3939, 29889, 739, 2444, 6924, 29892, 541, 491, 10231, 4266, 4371, 366, 7910, 714, 27801, 29889, 10895, 359, 505, 4953, 525, 9278, 261, 29915, 1363, 896, 2360, 505, 304, 805, 9345, 472, 738, 1298, 297, 1009, 5849, 29889, 1281, 874, 873, 29892, 286, 2205, 793, 505, 4953, 525, 29890, 3567, 29915, 1363, 896, 2360, 505, 304, 7150, 470, 24663, 472, 738, 1298, 297, 1009, 5849, 29889, 450, 1472, 29899, 8489, 2779, 29973, 15658, 292, 756, 4953, 1568, 29892, 1568, 2253, 29889, 350, 3567, 29892, 2253, 2908, 414, 6023, 901, 26563, 607, 2253, 822, 21043, 508, 3013, 18758, 29889, 7857, 901, 28399, 29892, 322, 901, 5520, 364, 284, 3687, 29889, 1105, 297, 278, 1472, 29899, 8489, 29892, 278, 7866, 29877, 5751, 338, 263, 2551, 29892, 541, 491, 278, 7927, 310, 853, 524, 2760, 1281, 6831, 2063, 29889, 13, 2855, 14325, 1286, 756, 1023, 10907, 297, 278, 2246, 17680, 297, 278, 3186, 29936, 14883, 322, 8314, 29889, 450, 7927, 310, 853, 524, 2760, 1281, 6831, 2063, 29889, 13, 25971, 24596, 277, 29901, 285, 440, 29890, 29889, 990, 13, 29909, 4333, 310, 901, 3189, 9733, 323, 4512, 508, 367, 1476, 1244, 29889, 13, 2831, 901, 2107, 1302, 9733, 25562, 29892, 1423, 714, 278, 478, 29891, 14520, 4112, 1858, 14114, 586, 1302, 9733, 3143, 1244, 29889, 13, 2887, 713, 3684, 2330, 2135, 3738, 29963, 13367, 1450, 4587, 853, 524, 2760, 1281, 6831, 2063, 29931, 12347, 29877, 13072, 2330, 2135, 13072, 2330, 2135, 12027, 433, 1312, 13072, 2330, 2135, 390, 2540, 13, 29908, 5328, 3684, 2330, 2135, 12547, 3159, 2760, 29908, 13, 29928, 692, 1522, 284, 29892, 450, 2315, 11644, 18334, 794, 287, 3684, 2330, 2135, 13, 29950, 6129, 405, 2543, 11771, 4083, 29901, 13, 29907, 283, 552, 310, 13133, 29901, 13, 29896, 29897, 7027, 1400, 29991, 21028, 262, 1218, 393, 7256, 2908, 414, 526, 1286, 16600, 3907, 23473, 29914, 1753, 663, 2253, 29889, 1317, 372, 884, 1950, 393, 896, 6068, 363, 278, 16600, 27962, 29899, 29882, 5171, 304, 4953, 901, 3619, 313, 262, 10345, 2310, 411, 278, 13442, 373, 278, 6567, 5751, 6877, 8669, 310, 278, 7256, 2908, 261, 1641, 714, 310, 278, 1209, 29914, 29873, 5086, 3109, 8973, 366, 508, 505, 393, 19870, 714, 310, 278, 1209, 29889, 13, 29906, 29897, 1105, 920, 471, 278, 7866, 29877, 2675, 304, 1371, 20021, 1700, 2330, 2135, 29973, 11275, 23995, 1237, 892, 1347, 297, 1283, 663, 322, 278, 20021, 10907, 892, 4549, 297, 25647, 322, 28399, 30098, 577, 263, 7866, 29877, 723, 871, 1207, 1009, 23995, 1237, 1584, 23505, 297, 28399, 8773, 28772, 438, 1289, 368, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 1854, 263, 3287, 310, 20021, 10907, 723, 451, 2050, 8314, 322, 14883, 304, 367, 376, 2887, 713, 29908, 10907, 29889, 2180, 3203, 278, 20021, 10152, 29915, 29879, 10907, 505, 1063, 5718, 2705, 5100, 3321, 13, 29941, 29897, 4683, 727, 1286, 10769, 1058, 505, 871, 5318, 13489, 3598, 10895, 29877, 297, 1009, 29973, 18585, 368, 10769, 1058, 1708, 10895, 29877, 472, 278, 9939, 11174, 5318, 408, 27962, 29899, 27342, 2153, 472, 27189, 11174, 29973, 13, 11457, 20916, 4083, 29901, 13, 29902, 10548, 297, 278, 937, 1629, 393, 2861, 304, 2253, 6819, 1283, 11259, 2444, 304, 4953, 1584, 901, 443, 7864, 407, 519, 29889, 10999, 304, 4658, 393, 445, 9007, 29915, 29873, 363, 968, 264, 29889, 13, 29470, 7236, 264, 16344, 4083, 29901, 13, 29902, 3013, 16120, 4856, 304, 4368, 263, 376, 492, 19765, 29908, 1873, 310 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.32799

0.304325

0.626849

0.84089

Tag: Taylor Swift July 22, 2016 Celebrities Kanye West Versus Taylor Swift — The Saga Continues The newest chapter in the Taylor Swift and Kanye West feud stems from the release of video footage on Kim Kardashian's Snapchat account. In Kanye's latest album, The Life of Pablo, he released a song titled "Famous," which made a reference to Swift. Upon release, Swift was publicly outraged at the song's content and denied giving Kanye permission to use the specific lyrics West used in the song. This disagreement prompted Kim Kardashian to defend West by posting recorded videos on her Snapchat between … November 11, 2015 Celebrities / Intellectual Property, Copyright, and Trademark / Litigation Taylor Swift Shakes Off Lawsuit with Settlement Taylor Swift appears to be out of the woods as she has reached a settlement to resolve a trademark infringement lawsuit filed by clothing brand "Lucky 13" last year. The bad blood started in May 2014 when Lucky 13 filed its complaint alleging that Taylor Swift and her affiliated companies, such as Taylor Nation LLC and Taylor Swift Productions, Inc., infringed on the registered trademark "Lucky 13." According to the complaint, Taylor Swift, who claims her lucky number is 13, began using "Lucky 13" to … November 3, 2015 Celebrities / Intellectual Property, Copyright, and Trademark Taylor Swift Sued Once Again; R&B Artist Claims "Shake It Off" Lyrics Were His Taylor Swift is once again being haled in the courtroom as a defendant. This time she is being sued for allegedly ripping off the lyrics to her hit "Shake It Off." Jesse Braham, a U.S. based R&B singer, reportedly has filed a lawsuit claiming Swift stole the words to "Shake It Off" from his 2013 song called "Haters Gone Hate." Braham is seeking two things in his suit; financial compensation in the form of $42 million, and he wants his name added to the song's … August 7, 2015 Celebrities / Trademark Can't Shake it Off: Ongoing World Tour Doesn't Exempt Taylor Swift from Depositions There appears to be bad blood between award-winning music artist Taylor Swift and clothing company Lucky 13, which claims that Taylor Swift and her affiliated companies, such as Taylor Nation LLC and Taylor Swift Productions, Inc., infringed on the registered trademark "Lucky 13." A California federal judge ruled on Tuesday that despite her ongoing world tour, Swift will need to create a blank space in her schedule for a deposition. A representative for Swift claimed that Lucky 13 was just trying to cause trouble, stating:… September 20, 2014 Intellectual Property, Copyright, and Trademark / Music Court Denies Taylor Swift's Motion to Dismiss Lucky 13 Suit A California district court denied Swift's motion to dismiss a trademark infringement suit over 'Lucky 13' brought by Blue Sphere, Inc. last May. Blue Sphere, an Orange county-based company, does a business as 'Lucky 13' and sells a wide range of products including clothing and has sued over Swift's use of the phrase 'Lucky 13'and selling via internet t-shirts bearing the phrase without the company's authorization. Additionally, the suit named American Greetings as one of the defendants for running the online promotion of a "Lucky … August 8, 2014 Intellectual Property, Copyright, and Trademark Taylor Swift Calls 'Lucky 13' Infringement Suit Frivolous, But Is It? Taylor Swift and American Greetings Corporation submitted their answer to a trademark infringement suit commenced by an Orange County-based Blue Sphere Inc. doing business as Lucky 13. In their answer, Swift and American Greetings urged the court to dismiss the allegedly frivolous lawsuit, claiming that the only purpose of the

[ 10522, 29901, 12537, 14156, 13, 29967, 11850, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 315, 6146, 26549, 583, 13, 29968, 1384, 29872, 3122, 10138, 375, 12537, 14156, 813, 450, 317, 7781, 2866, 262, 1041, 13, 1576, 716, 342, 16385, 297, 278, 12537, 14156, 322, 476, 1384, 29872, 3122, 1238, 566, 380, 1567, 515, 278, 6507, 310, 4863, 3661, 482, 373, 12931, 476, 538, 1161, 713, 29915, 29879, 317, 8971, 13496, 3633, 29889, 13, 797, 476, 1384, 29872, 29915, 29879, 9281, 3769, 29892, 450, 4634, 310, 24770, 29892, 540, 5492, 263, 4823, 25278, 376, 29943, 314, 681, 1699, 607, 1754, 263, 3407, 304, 14156, 29889, 19956, 6507, 29892, 14156, 471, 970, 368, 714, 1431, 287, 472, 278, 4823, 29915, 29879, 2793, 322, 17935, 6820, 476, 1384, 29872, 10751, 304, 671, 278, 2702, 26627, 1199, 3122, 1304, 297, 278, 4823, 29889, 910, 22941, 276, 882, 9508, 287, 12931, 476, 538, 1161, 713, 304, 24663, 3122, 491, 16742, 10478, 19707, 373, 902, 317, 8971, 13496, 1546, 16088, 13, 25363, 1096, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 315, 6146, 26549, 583, 847, 18555, 781, 950, 9079, 29892, 14187, 1266, 29892, 322, 3201, 2310, 935, 847, 21395, 335, 362, 13, 29911, 11017, 14156, 1383, 6926, 5947, 7927, 29658, 411, 317, 1803, 944, 13, 29911, 11017, 14156, 5692, 304, 367, 714, 310, 278, 25013, 408, 1183, 756, 7450, 263, 16493, 304, 8814, 263, 1020, 2310, 935, 297, 1341, 292, 882, 4307, 29658, 934, 29881, 491, 1067, 6046, 14982, 376, 29931, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29908, 1833, 1629, 29889, 13, 1576, 4319, 10416, 4687, 297, 2610, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 746, 365, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 934, 29881, 967, 15313, 524, 16831, 292, 393, 12537, 14156, 322, 902, 23736, 630, 14582, 29892, 1316, 408, 12537, 22900, 365, 12182, 322, 12537, 14156, 7138, 1953, 29892, 9266, 1696, 297, 1341, 292, 287, 373, 278, 15443, 1020, 2310, 935, 376, 29931, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 1213, 7579, 304, 278, 15313, 524, 29892, 12537, 14156, 29892, 1058, 16726, 902, 9885, 29891, 1353, 338, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29892, 4689, 773, 376, 29931, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29908, 304, 16088, 13, 25363, 1096, 29871, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 315, 6146, 26549, 583, 847, 18555, 781, 950, 9079, 29892, 14187, 1266, 29892, 322, 3201, 2310, 935, 13, 29911, 11017, 14156, 2166, 287, 9038, 11454, 29936, 390, 29987, 29933, 3012, 391, 6015, 9893, 376, 2713, 1296, 739, 5947, 29908, 365, 4316, 1199, 399, 406, 3600, 13, 29911, 11017, 14156, 338, 2748, 1449, 1641, 447, 839, 297, 278, 8973, 8345, 408, 263, 822, 5818, 29889, 910, 931, 1183, 338, 1641, 480, 287, 363, 16831, 23244, 10107, 3262, 1283, 278, 26627, 1199, 304, 902, 7124, 376, 2713, 1296, 739, 5947, 1213, 435, 5340, 5032, 3391, 29892, 263, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 2729, 390, 29987, 29933, 15640, 29892, 8967, 368, 756, 934, 29881, 263, 4307, 29658, 5995, 292, 14156, 380, 1772, 278, 3838, 304, 376, 2713, 1296, 739, 5947, 29908, 515, 670, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 4823, 2000, 376, 29950, 10412, 402, 650, 379, 403, 1213, 5032, 3391, 338, 25738, 1023, 2712, 297, 670, 14726, 29936, 18161, 22874, 362, 297, 278, 883, 310, 395, 29946, 29906, 7284, 29892, 322, 540, 10753, 670, 1024, 2715, 304, 278, 4823, 29915, 29879, 16088, 13, 26197, 29871, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 315, 6146, 26549, 583, 847, 3201, 2310, 935, 13, 6028, 29915, 29873, 1383, 1296, 372, 5947, 29901, 438, 865, 29877, 292, 2787, 6371, 5538, 29876, 29915, 29873, 1222, 3456, 12537, 14156, 515, 897, 1066, 2187, 13, 8439, 5692, 304, 367, 4319, 10416, 1546, 9862, 29899, 5080, 1076, 4696, 7664, 12537, 14156, 322, 1067, 6046, 5001, 365, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29892, 607, 16726, 393, 12537, 14156, 322, 902, 23736, 630, 14582, 29892, 1316, 408, 12537, 22900, 365, 12182, 322, 12537, 14156, 7138, 1953, 29892, 9266, 1696, 297, 1341, 292, 287, 373, 278, 15443, 1020, 2310, 935, 376, 29931, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 1213, 13, 29909, 8046, 17097, 16833, 29490, 373, 323, 1041, 3250, 393, 15020, 902, 373, 17696, 3186, 6282, 29892, 14156, 674, 817, 304, 1653, 263, 9654, 2913, 297, 902, 20410, 363, 263, 316, 3283, 29889, 319, 21097, 363, 14156, 17049, 393, 365, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 471, 925, 1811, 304, 4556, 7458, 29892, 23659, 29901, 30098, 13, 2008, 3266, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 18555, 781, 950, 9079, 29892, 14187, 1266, 29892, 322, 3201, 2310, 935, 847, 6125, 13, 29907, 14316, 3384, 583, 12537, 14156, 29915, 29879, 7142, 291, 304, 360, 28303, 365, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 2166, 277, 13, 29909, 8046, 6474, 8973, 17935, 14156, 29915, 29879, 10884, 304, 18918, 263, 1020, 2310, 935, 297, 1341, 292, 882, 14726, 975, 525, 29931, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29915, 6296, 491, 10924, 317, 9085, 29892, 9266, 29889, 1833, 2610, 29889, 10924, 317, 9085, 29892, 385, 26048, 15178, 29899, 6707, 5001, 29892, 947, 263, 5381, 408, 525, 29931, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29915, 322, 269, 10071, 263, 9377, 3464, 310, 9316, 3704, 1067, 6046, 322, 756, 480, 287, 975, 14156, 29915, 29879, 671, 310, 278, 16549, 525, 29931, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29915, 392, 269, 7807, 3025, 8986, 260, 29899, 845, 381, 1372, 24638, 278, 16549, 1728, 278, 5001, 29915, 29879, 28733, 29889, 19814, 29892, 278, 14726, 4257, 3082, 4122, 300, 886, 408, 697, 310, 278, 24663, 1934, 363, 2734, 278, 7395, 22360, 310, 263, 376, 29931, 14395, 16088, 13, 26197, 29871, 29947, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 18555, 781, 950, 9079, 29892, 14187, 1266, 29892, 322, 3201, 2310, 935, 13, 29911, 11017, 14156, 315, 4293, 525, 29931, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29915, 512, 1341, 292, 882, 2166, 277, 383, 1150, 324, 681, 29892, 1205, 1317, 739, 29973, 13, 29911, 11017, 14156, 322, 3082, 4122, 300, 886, 15025, 18397, 1009, 1234, 304, 263, 1020, 2310, 935, 297, 1341, 292, 882, 14726, 844, 9223, 491, 385, 26048, 5127, 29899, 6707, 10924, 317, 9085, 9266, 29889, 2599, 5381, 408, 365, 14395, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29889, 512, 1009, 1234, 29892, 14156, 322, 3082, 4122, 300, 886, 5065, 3192, 278, 8973, 304, 18918, 278, 16831, 23244, 285, 1150, 324, 681, 4307, 29658, 29892, 5995, 292, 393, 278, 871, 6437, 310, 278 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.863272

-1.093389

-0.599267

-1.504191

There exists a wonderful deal of producing essays organizations all around over the internet however, you ought to create a choice within the proper way to come up with the best one time. Every single sheet of work coming out of our gurus is personalized according to your requirement and totally original. It truly is beneficial and secure in every probable means to use our aid. Custom writing from scratch depending upon the needs you have. The creating procedure is not a simple job as most writing editor would expect. Additionally, the composing assistant can direct you with the proper format for your academic document. With all our support, you'll be able to seek the expert services of a instructional author at reasonable prices and not fret on your assignments completed correctly and after. The esade mba admissions staff can assist you through each and every stage along their career products and companies. Given most students are preventing with a modest funding, it's no real surprise that the majority are victims of scam businesses. From the conventional appraisal file, all the of those pupils are cited with a succinct outline on the way the concerned writer fulfilled the criteria. Discovering an MBA can be a dream for many across the planet earth, which is the reason many folks out of the opposite facet of the world try and receive admissions right into an MBA course. Since you are able to view, students are certain to manage lots of issues should they wish to turn into an associate of the purchase composition center. Download the web Casino pc computer software now and you also couuld play with our totally free casino on line and be on your path into the fun and thrills of Vegas style internet casino gambling! Simply navigate our website to get your ceremony you want and place your purchase. Our website includes a user interface user interface that enables you to place an arrangement in almost no moment whatsoever. Ahead of the meeting, candidates want to publish a prepared composition. Additionally, there are usually too many distinct assignments to do. A 1 hour essay deadline may be an actual issue, even for those who aren't good enough in creating and expressing your ideas to a topic you might ben't really interested in. In the place of requesting someone for affordable essay writing, you should think about trying yourself. Simple as that, therefore be certain until you start searching for some body write my own essay, consider doing yourself, you might discover it is quite uncomplicated and intriguing activity related to really do. If you should be in two minds seeing trying creating essay solutions, then following is a set of perks it's likely to enjoy. If you're a college student who's stressed due to the producing responsibilities, then we're right here in order to provide you with a hand. It's true, it's necessary for you to stick to the instructions in the assignment. A hour essay deadline may be a true issue, even for those who might ben't good enough in writing and expressing your thoughts on an interest you aren't really interested in. An IGNOU MBA project might be theoretical endeavor, or fieldwork, like going to different company and discovering their own advertising and marketing approaches, HR policies, fiscal quotes therefore forth. Assignment assistance on the net could be exceedingly factor and you've got to develop sure you utilize our proficient handicapping support uk that just operates by using completely capable and experienced professionals to provide you with the assistance that you're searching out for. The whole approach for investing in a cheap essay was possible by our client care staff. Be certain you do not fill out your article together with un-necessary info. The essay needs to to be positively characterized. You should stay glued to a ways in producing a composition that's prosperous. Some could have their writers evaporate in order to look having a exact low exceptional paper overly nearby the deadline or adhering to deadline. Moreover, essay authors are ready to tackle duties of this most amount of issue. Every writer we utilize has published a whole lot of particular newspapers associated with a own subject. Ahead of the meeting, applicants need to submit a published essay. In addition, there usually are overly many diverse missions to accomplish. Whenever your deadline is tight, then you also may likely compose us write my article and also consider we'll see what you want from inch paragraph. Like a way to remedy fully the question what's the ideal custom made essay writing service', you wish to learn much more concerning the organization. Our services have been completed by knowledgeable and professional writers. Our writing services would be the optimal/optimally

[ 1670, 4864, 263, 20695, 5376, 310, 20811, 3686, 1036, 25700, 599, 2820, 975, 278, 8986, 3138, 29892, 366, 12722, 304, 1653, 263, 7348, 2629, 278, 1571, 982, 304, 2041, 701, 411, 278, 1900, 697, 931, 29889, 7569, 2323, 9869, 310, 664, 6421, 714, 310, 1749, 330, 17142, 338, 7333, 1891, 5034, 304, 596, 11809, 322, 14909, 2441, 29889, 739, 19781, 338, 7795, 5611, 322, 11592, 297, 1432, 16269, 2794, 304, 671, 1749, 16226, 29889, 13, 7281, 5007, 515, 22728, 8679, 2501, 278, 4225, 366, 505, 29889, 450, 4969, 8792, 338, 451, 263, 2560, 4982, 408, 1556, 5007, 6920, 723, 2149, 29889, 19814, 29892, 278, 5541, 292, 20255, 508, 1513, 366, 411, 278, 1571, 3402, 363, 596, 21567, 1842, 29889, 13, 3047, 599, 1749, 2304, 29892, 366, 29915, 645, 367, 2221, 304, 16508, 278, 17924, 5786, 310, 263, 15278, 284, 4148, 472, 15590, 26094, 322, 451, 285, 2267, 373, 596, 3566, 1860, 8676, 5149, 322, 1156, 29889, 450, 831, 1943, 286, 2291, 7336, 6847, 13925, 508, 6985, 366, 1549, 1269, 322, 1432, 7408, 3412, 1009, 6413, 9316, 322, 14582, 29889, 11221, 1556, 8041, 526, 5557, 292, 411, 263, 878, 342, 5220, 292, 29892, 372, 29915, 29879, 694, 1855, 16671, 393, 278, 13638, 526, 6879, 9893, 310, 885, 314, 5381, 267, 29889, 13, 4591, 278, 28557, 623, 23469, 284, 934, 29892, 599, 278, 310, 1906, 23449, 2719, 526, 274, 1573, 411, 263, 8348, 5562, 27887, 373, 278, 982, 278, 15041, 9227, 6095, 26940, 278, 16614, 29889, 8565, 957, 292, 385, 341, 5688, 508, 367, 263, 12561, 363, 1784, 4822, 278, 15754, 8437, 29892, 607, 338, 278, 2769, 1784, 900, 2039, 714, 310, 278, 11564, 4024, 300, 310, 278, 3186, 1018, 322, 7150, 7336, 6847, 1492, 964, 385, 341, 5688, 3236, 29889, 4001, 366, 526, 2221, 304, 1776, 29892, 8041, 526, 3058, 304, 10933, 14568, 310, 5626, 881, 896, 6398, 304, 2507, 964, 385, 25836, 310, 278, 20590, 15259, 4818, 29889, 13, 22954, 278, 1856, 6960, 1789, 22844, 6601, 7047, 1286, 322, 366, 884, 3581, 16722, 1708, 411, 1749, 14909, 3889, 3209, 1789, 373, 1196, 322, 367, 373, 596, 2224, 964, 278, 2090, 322, 1468, 6090, 310, 17236, 294, 3114, 8986, 3209, 1789, 330, 1117, 1847, 29991, 3439, 17632, 23624, 1749, 4700, 304, 679, 596, 25672, 366, 864, 322, 2058, 596, 20590, 29889, 8680, 4700, 7805, 263, 1404, 5067, 1404, 5067, 393, 28936, 366, 304, 2058, 385, 24628, 297, 4359, 694, 3256, 825, 578, 1310, 29889, 13, 29909, 2813, 310, 278, 11781, 29892, 21669, 864, 304, 9805, 263, 13240, 15259, 29889, 19814, 29892, 727, 526, 5491, 2086, 1784, 8359, 3566, 1860, 304, 437, 29889, 319, 29871, 29896, 7234, 3686, 388, 7123, 1220, 1122, 367, 385, 3935, 2228, 29892, 1584, 363, 1906, 1058, 9455, 29915, 29873, 1781, 3307, 297, 4969, 322, 4653, 292, 596, 7014, 304, 263, 11261, 366, 1795, 3856, 29915, 29873, 2289, 8852, 297, 29889, 13, 797, 278, 2058, 310, 2009, 292, 4856, 363, 21750, 519, 3686, 388, 5007, 29892, 366, 881, 1348, 1048, 1811, 7535, 29889, 12545, 408, 393, 29892, 5480, 367, 3058, 2745, 366, 1369, 11975, 363, 777, 3573, 2436, 590, 1914, 3686, 388, 29892, 2050, 2599, 7535, 29892, 366, 1795, 6523, 372, 338, 3755, 443, 2388, 9169, 322, 11158, 5526, 292, 6354, 4475, 304, 2289, 437, 29889, 960, 366, 881, 367, 297, 1023, 27656, 8790, 1811, 4969, 3686, 388, 6851, 29892, 769, 1494, 338, 263, 731, 310, 639, 2039, 372, 29915, 29879, 5517, 304, 13389, 29889, 13, 3644, 366, 29915, 276, 263, 12755, 8368, 1058, 29915, 29879, 851, 11517, 2861, 304, 278, 20811, 5544, 747, 9770, 29892, 769, 591, 29915, 276, 1492, 1244, 297, 1797, 304, 3867, 366, 411, 263, 1361, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 1565, 29892, 372, 29915, 29879, 5181, 363, 366, 304, 12070, 304, 278, 11994, 297, 278, 12827, 29889, 319, 7234, 3686, 388, 7123, 1220, 1122, 367, 263, 1565, 2228, 29892, 1584, 363, 1906, 1058, 1795, 3856, 29915, 29873, 1781, 3307, 297, 5007, 322, 4653, 292, 596, 13133, 373, 385, 4066, 366, 9455, 29915, 29873, 2289, 8852, 297, 29889, 13, 2744, 306, 29954, 6632, 29965, 341, 5688, 2060, 1795, 367, 23399, 19981, 17118, 29892, 470, 1746, 1287, 29892, 763, 2675, 304, 1422, 5001, 322, 6523, 292, 1009, 1914, 18811, 5921, 322, 9999, 292, 13501, 29892, 379, 29934, 24833, 29892, 16436, 1052, 11839, 5480, 11483, 29889, 4007, 10194, 18872, 373, 278, 7787, 1033, 367, 13461, 11687, 7329, 322, 366, 29915, 345, 2355, 304, 2693, 1854, 366, 3667, 675, 1749, 2600, 293, 993, 1361, 293, 20304, 2304, 18293, 393, 925, 1751, 1078, 491, 773, 6446, 15390, 322, 18860, 6351, 1338, 304, 3867, 366, 411, 278, 18872, 393, 366, 29915, 276, 11975, 714, 363, 29889, 450, 3353, 2948, 363, 13258, 292, 297, 263, 28773, 3686, 388, 471, 1950, 491, 1749, 3132, 2562, 13925, 29889, 13, 3629, 3058, 366, 437, 451, 5445, 714, 596, 4274, 4208, 411, 443, 29899, 15107, 653, 5235, 29889, 450, 3686, 388, 4225, 304, 304, 367, 13686, 3598, 2931, 1891, 29889, 887, 881, 7952, 3144, 6742, 304, 263, 5837, 297, 20811, 263, 15259, 393, 29915, 29879, 25831, 681, 29889, 13, 9526, 1033, 505, 1009, 23550, 3415, 26191, 403, 297, 1797, 304, 1106, 2534, 263, 2684, 4482, 3682, 284, 5650, 975, 368, 20810, 278, 7123, 1220, 470, 594, 2276, 292, 304, 7123, 1220, 29889, 12808, 29892, 3686, 388, 15717, 526, 7960, 304, 22002, 280, 22204, 310, 445, 1556, 5253, 310, 2228, 29889, 7569, 9227, 591, 3667, 675, 756, 6369, 263, 3353, 3287, 310, 3153, 14578, 21321, 6942, 411, 263, 1914, 4967, 29889, 13, 29909, 2813, 310, 278, 11781, 29892, 15576, 1934, 817, 304, 9752, 263, 6369, 3686, 388, 29889, 512, 6124, 29892, 727, 5491, 526, 975, 368, 1784, 16984, 3052, 1080, 304, 12709, 29889, 1932, 1310, 596, 7123, 1220, 338, 19932, 29892, 769, 366, 884, 1122, 5517, 27435, 502, 2436, 590, 4274, 322, 884, 2050, 591, 29915, 645, 1074, 825, 366, 864, 515, 297, 305, 14880, 29889, 13, 27552, 263, 982, 304, 1083, 7584, 8072, 278, 1139, 825, 29915, 29879, 278, 10839, 2888, 1754, 3686, 388, 5007, 2669, 742, 366, 6398, 304, 5110, 1568, 901, 19813, 278, 13013, 29889, 8680, 5786, 505, 1063, 8676, 491, 7134, 519, 322, 10257, 23550, 29889, 8680, 5007, 5786, 723, 367, 278, 14413, 29914, 20640, 635 ]

1,024

C4

-0.921689

-1.386689

-2.5884

-0.869855

Q: Prediction on CNN model using lists and generators I have two CNN architectures, model_a and model_b. First, I predict the results with the validation set in model_a. This works perfectly and takes less than 20 seconds. The problem is when trying to predict using model_b. The tricky thing is that I only want to predict the images that model_a has predicted as cats. To do this, I read the labels from the prediction of the model_a and if it's the "cat" label I insert the corresponding image in the list list_pred_cat. However, when I try to do predict model_b using list_pred_cat it takes ages to run(I stopped counting after 10 minutes) taking longer than model_a, which doesn't make sense because it has fewer images to predict. Can it be due to the non-usage of the generator? What can I do to fix this? PS: Although it takes forever it doesn't return an error. This is my code: val_generator = val_dataGen.flow_from_directory(directory="./model_a/model_a/val_pad_cc", class_mode="categorical", batch_size=32, shuffle = False, seed = 2) val_generator.reset() #loads model_a's weights model_a.load_weights('/content/Best_weigths_DenseNet121_model_a_teste6.h5') #predicts model_a results using generators pred_a=model_a.predict(val_generator) y_pred_a = np.argmax(pred_a, axis=1) #Code to transform val_generator into the list x_val x_val=[] for i in range(159): a , b = val_generator.next() x_val.extend(a) #creates a list containing only the images predicted as cats by model_a for i in range(5069): #label=cat if(y_pred_a[i]==0): list_pred_cats.extend(x_val[i]) #loads model_b's weights model_b.load_weights('/content/Best_weigths_DenseNet121_model_b_teste6.h5') pred_b=model_b.predict(list_pred_cats) EDIT: I think you also need how I made the models: def create_Densenet(no_classes): Resnet = DenseNet121(include_top=False, weights='imagenet', input_shape=(224, 224, 3)) model = tf.keras.Sequential(Resnet) model.add(tf.keras.layers.GlobalAveragePooling2D()) model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.5)) model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dense(units=no_classes, activation="softmax")) return model model_a=create_Densenet(2) model_b=create_Densenet(2) EDIT2: If I try to put x_val[0](just the first image) in the place of list_pred_cat(pred_b=model_b.predict(x_val[0], verbose=1)), it gives me the following error: ValueError: Input 0 is incompatible with layer sequential_2: expected shape=(None, 224, 224, 3), found shape=(32, 256, 3) A: you have a batch size of 32 in the generator and in the loop you with next you get 254 batches so 32 X 254 = 8128 images are in x_val. so you then predict 8128 images using model a. Then you iterate only through 5069 of the predictions and if the predicted label was 0 you store the image in list_pred_cats. That all looks correct. What is the shape of list_pred_cats? If about half the image are cats it would be on the order of 2500 images. These are not being

[ 660, 29901, 21099, 2463, 373, 29696, 1904, 773, 8857, 322, 1176, 4097, 306, 505, 1023, 29696, 6956, 1973, 29892, 1904, 29918, 29874, 322, 1904, 29918, 29890, 29889, 3824, 29892, 306, 8500, 278, 2582, 411, 278, 8845, 731, 297, 1904, 29918, 29874, 29889, 910, 1736, 7970, 322, 4893, 3109, 1135, 29871, 29906, 29900, 6923, 29889, 13, 1576, 1108, 338, 746, 1811, 304, 8500, 773, 1904, 29918, 29890, 29889, 450, 28722, 2655, 338, 393, 306, 871, 864, 304, 8500, 278, 4558, 393, 1904, 29918, 29874, 756, 25383, 408, 274, 1446, 29889, 1763, 437, 445, 29892, 306, 1303, 278, 11073, 515, 278, 18988, 310, 278, 29871, 1904, 29918, 29874, 322, 565, 372, 29915, 29879, 278, 376, 4117, 29908, 3858, 306, 4635, 278, 6590, 1967, 297, 278, 1051, 1051, 29918, 11965, 29918, 4117, 29889, 13, 17245, 29892, 746, 306, 1018, 304, 437, 8500, 1904, 29918, 29890, 773, 1051, 29918, 11965, 29918, 4117, 372, 4893, 24646, 304, 1065, 29898, 29902, 11084, 21248, 1156, 29871, 29896, 29900, 6233, 29897, 5622, 5520, 1135, 1904, 29918, 29874, 29892, 607, 1838, 29915, 29873, 1207, 4060, 1363, 372, 756, 28145, 4558, 304, 8500, 29889, 1815, 372, 367, 2861, 304, 278, 1661, 29899, 21125, 310, 278, 15299, 29973, 1724, 508, 306, 437, 304, 2329, 445, 29973, 13, 7024, 29901, 8512, 372, 4893, 22296, 372, 1838, 29915, 29873, 736, 385, 1059, 29889, 13, 4013, 338, 590, 775, 29901, 13, 791, 29918, 27959, 353, 659, 29918, 1272, 15462, 29889, 1731, 29918, 3166, 29918, 12322, 29898, 12322, 543, 6904, 4299, 29918, 29874, 29914, 4299, 29918, 29874, 29914, 791, 29918, 8305, 29918, 617, 613, 13, 462, 462, 462, 1678, 770, 29918, 8513, 543, 29883, 20440, 936, 613, 13, 462, 462, 462, 1678, 9853, 29918, 2311, 29922, 29941, 29906, 29892, 13, 462, 462, 462, 1678, 528, 21897, 353, 7700, 29892, 16717, 353, 29871, 29906, 29897, 13, 13, 791, 29918, 27959, 29889, 12071, 580, 13, 13, 29937, 18132, 1904, 29918, 29874, 29915, 29879, 18177, 13, 4299, 29918, 29874, 29889, 1359, 29918, 705, 5861, 11219, 3051, 29914, 25353, 29918, 28082, 386, 29879, 29918, 29928, 1947, 6779, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29918, 4299, 29918, 29874, 29918, 1688, 29872, 29953, 29889, 29882, 29945, 1495, 13, 13, 29937, 27711, 29879, 1904, 29918, 29874, 2582, 773, 1176, 4097, 13, 11965, 29918, 29874, 29922, 4299, 29918, 29874, 29889, 27711, 29898, 791, 29918, 27959, 29897, 13, 29891, 29918, 11965, 29918, 29874, 353, 7442, 29889, 1191, 3317, 29898, 11965, 29918, 29874, 29892, 9685, 29922, 29896, 29897, 13, 13, 29937, 3399, 304, 4327, 659, 29918, 27959, 964, 278, 1051, 921, 29918, 791, 13, 29916, 29918, 791, 29922, 2636, 13, 1454, 474, 297, 3464, 29898, 29896, 29945, 29929, 1125, 13, 1678, 263, 1919, 289, 353, 659, 29918, 27959, 29889, 4622, 580, 13, 1678, 921, 29918, 791, 29889, 21843, 29898, 29874, 29897, 13, 13, 29937, 1037, 1078, 263, 1051, 6943, 871, 278, 4558, 25383, 408, 274, 1446, 491, 1904, 29918, 29874, 13, 1454, 474, 297, 3464, 29898, 29945, 29900, 29953, 29929, 1125, 13, 1678, 396, 1643, 29922, 4117, 13, 1678, 565, 29898, 29891, 29918, 11965, 29918, 29874, 29961, 29875, 29962, 1360, 29900, 1125, 29871, 13, 4706, 1051, 29918, 11965, 29918, 29883, 1446, 29889, 21843, 29898, 29916, 29918, 791, 29961, 29875, 2314, 13, 13, 29937, 18132, 1904, 29918, 29890, 29915, 29879, 18177, 13, 4299, 29918, 29890, 29889, 1359, 29918, 705, 5861, 11219, 3051, 29914, 25353, 29918, 28082, 386, 29879, 29918, 29928, 1947, 6779, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29918, 4299, 29918, 29890, 29918, 1688, 29872, 29953, 29889, 29882, 29945, 1495, 13, 13, 11965, 29918, 29890, 29922, 4299, 29918, 29890, 29889, 27711, 29898, 1761, 29918, 11965, 29918, 29883, 1446, 29897, 13, 13, 12378, 29901, 306, 1348, 366, 884, 817, 920, 306, 1754, 278, 4733, 29901, 13, 1753, 1653, 29918, 29928, 14762, 300, 29898, 1217, 29918, 13203, 1125, 13, 1678, 2538, 1212, 353, 360, 1947, 6779, 29896, 29906, 29896, 29898, 2856, 29918, 3332, 29922, 8824, 29892, 18177, 2433, 326, 5370, 300, 742, 1881, 29918, 12181, 7607, 29906, 29906, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29941, 876, 13, 1678, 1904, 353, 15886, 29889, 3946, 294, 29889, 16941, 2556, 29898, 1666, 1212, 29897, 13, 1678, 1904, 29889, 1202, 29898, 13264, 29889, 3946, 294, 29889, 29277, 29889, 12756, 29909, 19698, 11426, 292, 29906, 29928, 3101, 13, 1678, 1904, 29889, 1202, 29898, 13264, 29889, 3946, 294, 29889, 29277, 29889, 15063, 449, 29898, 29900, 29889, 29945, 876, 13, 1678, 1904, 29889, 1202, 29898, 13264, 29889, 3946, 294, 29889, 29277, 29889, 29928, 1947, 29898, 348, 1169, 29922, 1217, 29918, 13203, 29892, 26229, 543, 2695, 3317, 5783, 13, 13, 1678, 736, 1904, 13, 13, 4299, 29918, 29874, 29922, 3258, 29918, 29928, 14762, 300, 29898, 29906, 29897, 13, 4299, 29918, 29890, 29922, 3258, 29918, 29928, 14762, 300, 29898, 29906, 29897, 13, 13, 12378, 29906, 29901, 960, 306, 1018, 304, 1925, 921, 29918, 791, 29961, 29900, 850, 5143, 278, 937, 1967, 29897, 297, 278, 2058, 310, 1051, 29918, 11965, 29918, 4117, 29898, 11965, 29918, 29890, 29922, 4299, 29918, 29890, 29889, 27711, 29898, 29916, 29918, 791, 29961, 29900, 1402, 26952, 29922, 29896, 8243, 372, 4076, 592, 278, 1494, 1059, 29901, 13, 1917, 2392, 29901, 10567, 29871, 29900, 338, 297, 23712, 411, 7546, 8617, 2556, 29918, 29906, 29901, 3806, 8267, 7607, 8516, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29941, 511, 1476, 8267, 7607, 29941, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29945, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29941, 29897, 13, 13, 29909, 29901, 366, 505, 263, 9853, 2159, 310, 29871, 29941, 29906, 297, 278, 15299, 322, 297, 278, 2425, 366, 411, 2446, 366, 679, 29871, 29906, 29945, 29946, 9853, 267, 577, 29871, 29941, 29906, 1060, 29871, 29906, 29945, 29946, 353, 29871, 29947, 29896, 29906, 29947, 4558, 526, 297, 921, 29918, 791, 29889, 577, 366, 769, 8500, 29871, 29947, 29896, 29906, 29947, 4558, 773, 1904, 263, 29889, 1987, 366, 13649, 871, 1549, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29953, 29929, 310, 278, 27303, 322, 565, 278, 25383, 3858, 471, 29871, 29900, 29871, 366, 3787, 278, 1967, 297, 1051, 29918, 11965, 29918, 29883, 1446, 29889, 2193, 599, 3430, 1959, 29889, 1724, 338, 278, 8267, 310, 1051, 29918, 11965, 29918, 29883, 1446, 29973, 960, 1048, 4203, 278, 1967, 526, 274, 1446, 372, 723, 367, 373, 278, 1797, 310, 29871, 29906, 29945, 29900, 29900, 4558, 29889, 13, 1349, 968, 526, 29871, 451, 1641 ]

1,024

StackExchange

-1.254529

0.522353

-0.763795

0.237544

J Diabetes Res. 2017;2017:7047909. doi: 10.1155/2017/7047909. Epub 2017 Aug 16. Arterial Stiffness Is More Associated with Albuminuria than Decreased Glomerular Filtration Rate in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The REBOUND Study. Kim JH1, Kim SS1, Kim IJ1, Kim BH1, Park JY2, Lee CW2, Suk JH3, Shin SH4, Son SP4, Kim MC5, Ahn JH6, Lee KJ7, Kwon MJ8, Lee SH8, Park JH8. Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Busan St. Mary's Medical Center, Busan, Republic of Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Woori Medical Clinic, Busan, Republic of Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Bongseng Memorial Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Ilsin Christian Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Good Moonhwa Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Daedong Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Pusan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between arterial stiffness and albuminuria and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This multicenter cohort study analyzed 2613 patients with type 2 diabetes. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was used as a noninvasive marker of arterial stiffness. Additionally, the patients were categorized into four groups according to their albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR, normoalbuminuria versus albuminuria) and estimated GFR (eGFR, <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 versus ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2). A univariate analysis revealed that maximal baPWV was significantly associated with both the ACR (r = 0.297, P < 0.001) and eGFR (r = -0.220, P < 0.001). A multivariate analysis adjusted for significant clinical variables and eGFR showed that baPWV remained significantly correlated with the ACR (r = 0.150, P < 0.001). Also, baPWV was correlated positively with the ACR in patients with an eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (r = 0.146, P < 0.001). However, baPWV was not correlated with eGFR after adjustment for significant clinical variables. The present findings indicate that arterial stiffness is more associated with albuminuria than a decrease in GFR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Multicenter Study Albuminuria/complications* Albuminuria/epidemiology Albuminuria/physiopathology Albuminuria/urine Ankle Brachial Index Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications* Diabetic Angiopathies/epidemiology Diabetic Angiopathies/physiopathology* Diabetic Angiopathies/urine Diabetic Nephropathies/epidemiology Diabetic Nephropathies/physiopathology* Diabetic Nephropathies/urine Glomerular Filtration Rate Kidney/physiopathology* Pulse Wave Analysis Republic of Korea/epidemiology Severity of Illness Index Vascular Stiffness* Hindawi Limited Diabetes mellitus type 2 - Genetic Alliance Diabetes, Type 2 - Genetic

[ 435, 4671, 370, 10778, 2538, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29955, 29936, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29955, 29901, 29955, 29900, 29946, 29955, 29929, 29900, 29929, 29889, 13102, 29901, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29889, 29896, 29896, 29945, 29945, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29955, 29914, 29955, 29900, 29946, 29955, 29929, 29900, 29929, 29889, 382, 5467, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29955, 22333, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29889, 13, 1433, 357, 616, 624, 2593, 2264, 1317, 5853, 6853, 630, 411, 10217, 262, 26607, 1135, 3826, 276, 1463, 8467, 12392, 1070, 2514, 509, 362, 390, 403, 297, 4121, 10070, 411, 5167, 29871, 29906, 4671, 370, 10778, 341, 514, 277, 375, 29901, 450, 5195, 8456, 18783, 29301, 29889, 13, 29968, 326, 435, 29950, 29896, 29892, 12931, 5886, 29896, 29892, 12931, 306, 29967, 29896, 29892, 12931, 350, 29950, 29896, 29892, 4815, 435, 29979, 29906, 29892, 9371, 315, 29956, 29906, 29892, 2166, 29895, 435, 29950, 29941, 29892, 27948, 24972, 29946, 29892, 5791, 10937, 29946, 29892, 12931, 21271, 29945, 29892, 319, 3123, 435, 29950, 29953, 29892, 9371, 476, 29967, 29955, 29892, 476, 12620, 341, 29967, 29947, 29892, 9371, 24972, 29947, 29892, 4815, 435, 29950, 29947, 29889, 13, 8498, 442, 358, 310, 512, 1890, 27529, 29892, 349, 375, 273, 3086, 3014, 15967, 29892, 8406, 273, 29892, 8063, 310, 19109, 29889, 13, 8498, 442, 358, 310, 512, 1890, 27529, 29892, 8406, 273, 624, 29889, 6182, 29915, 29879, 20795, 7817, 29892, 8406, 273, 29892, 8063, 310, 19109, 29889, 13, 8498, 442, 358, 310, 512, 1890, 27529, 29892, 14962, 4170, 20795, 315, 1915, 293, 29892, 8406, 273, 29892, 8063, 310, 19109, 29889, 13, 8498, 442, 358, 310, 512, 1890, 27529, 29892, 350, 24733, 996, 19722, 15967, 29892, 8406, 273, 29892, 8063, 310, 19109, 29889, 13, 8498, 442, 358, 310, 512, 1890, 27529, 29892, 1720, 5223, 6111, 15967, 29892, 8406, 273, 29892, 8063, 310, 19109, 29889, 13, 8498, 442, 358, 310, 512, 1890, 27529, 29892, 7197, 17549, 29882, 2766, 15967, 29892, 8406, 273, 29892, 8063, 310, 19109, 29889, 13, 8498, 442, 358, 310, 512, 1890, 27529, 29892, 7266, 287, 549, 15967, 29892, 8406, 273, 29892, 8063, 310, 19109, 29889, 13, 8498, 442, 358, 310, 512, 1890, 27529, 29892, 6346, 310, 27529, 29892, 349, 375, 273, 2621, 638, 15967, 29892, 512, 1324, 3014, 29892, 8406, 273, 29892, 8063, 310, 19109, 29889, 13, 1576, 12242, 310, 445, 6559, 471, 304, 14707, 278, 15477, 1546, 564, 357, 616, 380, 2593, 2264, 322, 3769, 262, 26607, 322, 3144, 12392, 1070, 977, 509, 362, 6554, 313, 29954, 15860, 29897, 297, 22069, 411, 1134, 29871, 29906, 652, 370, 10778, 286, 514, 277, 375, 29889, 13, 4013, 1773, 293, 5893, 16165, 441, 6559, 29537, 287, 29871, 29906, 29953, 29896, 29941, 22069, 411, 1134, 29871, 29906, 652, 370, 10778, 29889, 5032, 305, 616, 29899, 804, 280, 9505, 344, 10742, 12885, 313, 2291, 29925, 29956, 29963, 29897, 471, 1304, 408, 263, 1661, 262, 4428, 573, 17456, 310, 564, 357, 616, 380, 2593, 2264, 29889, 19814, 29892, 278, 22069, 892, 11608, 1891, 964, 3023, 6471, 5034, 304, 1009, 3769, 262, 29899, 517, 29899, 1037, 21203, 457, 11959, 313, 2477, 29934, 29892, 6056, 29877, 10336, 262, 26607, 23797, 3769, 262, 26607, 29897, 322, 15899, 402, 15860, 313, 29872, 29954, 15860, 29892, 529, 29953, 29900, 30080, 29885, 29931, 29914, 1195, 29914, 29896, 29889, 29955, 29941, 30080, 29885, 29906, 23797, 29871, 30386, 29953, 29900, 30080, 29885, 29931, 29914, 1195, 29914, 29896, 29889, 29955, 29941, 30080, 29885, 29906, 467, 13, 29909, 443, 27432, 403, 7418, 17845, 393, 23183, 9922, 29925, 29956, 29963, 471, 16951, 6942, 411, 1716, 278, 319, 11341, 313, 29878, 353, 29871, 29900, 29889, 29906, 29929, 29955, 29892, 349, 529, 29871, 29900, 29889, 29900, 29900, 29896, 29897, 322, 321, 29954, 15860, 313, 29878, 353, 448, 29900, 29889, 29906, 29906, 29900, 29892, 349, 529, 29871, 29900, 29889, 29900, 29900, 29896, 467, 319, 1773, 27432, 403, 7418, 10365, 287, 363, 7282, 24899, 936, 3651, 322, 321, 29954, 15860, 10018, 393, 9922, 29925, 29956, 29963, 9488, 16951, 8855, 630, 411, 278, 319, 11341, 313, 29878, 353, 29871, 29900, 29889, 29896, 29945, 29900, 29892, 349, 529, 29871, 29900, 29889, 29900, 29900, 29896, 467, 3115, 29892, 9922, 29925, 29956, 29963, 471, 8855, 630, 13686, 3598, 411, 278, 319, 11341, 297, 22069, 411, 385, 321, 29954, 15860, 30080, 30386, 30080, 29953, 29900, 30080, 29885, 29931, 29914, 1195, 29914, 29896, 29889, 29955, 29941, 30080, 29885, 29906, 313, 29878, 353, 29871, 29900, 29889, 29896, 29946, 29953, 29892, 349, 529, 29871, 29900, 29889, 29900, 29900, 29896, 467, 2398, 29892, 9922, 29925, 29956, 29963, 471, 451, 8855, 630, 411, 321, 29954, 15860, 1156, 10365, 358, 363, 7282, 24899, 936, 3651, 29889, 13, 1576, 2198, 1284, 886, 12266, 393, 564, 357, 616, 380, 2593, 2264, 338, 901, 6942, 411, 3769, 262, 26607, 1135, 263, 23806, 297, 402, 15860, 297, 22069, 411, 1134, 29871, 29906, 652, 370, 10778, 286, 514, 277, 375, 29889, 13, 6857, 293, 5893, 29301, 13, 2499, 2404, 262, 26607, 29914, 2388, 5795, 29930, 13, 2499, 2404, 262, 26607, 29914, 1022, 680, 2460, 3002, 13, 2499, 2404, 262, 26607, 29914, 14017, 21260, 493, 3002, 13, 2499, 2404, 262, 26607, 29914, 332, 457, 13, 2744, 29895, 280, 5032, 305, 616, 11374, 13, 12130, 370, 10778, 341, 514, 277, 375, 29892, 5167, 29871, 29906, 29914, 2388, 5795, 29930, 13, 12130, 370, 7492, 530, 3146, 459, 493, 583, 29914, 1022, 680, 2460, 3002, 13, 12130, 370, 7492, 530, 3146, 459, 493, 583, 29914, 14017, 21260, 493, 3002, 29930, 13, 12130, 370, 7492, 530, 3146, 459, 493, 583, 29914, 332, 457, 13, 12130, 370, 7492, 2448, 561, 1336, 493, 583, 29914, 1022, 680, 2460, 3002, 13, 12130, 370, 7492, 2448, 561, 1336, 493, 583, 29914, 14017, 21260, 493, 3002, 29930, 13, 12130, 370, 7492, 2448, 561, 1336, 493, 583, 29914, 332, 457, 13, 29954, 29880, 12392, 1070, 2514, 509, 362, 390, 403, 13, 29968, 333, 3801, 29914, 14017, 21260, 493, 3002, 29930, 13, 29925, 19994, 399, 1351, 24352, 13, 5612, 803, 310, 19109, 29914, 1022, 680, 2460, 3002, 13, 29903, 1310, 537, 310, 8408, 2264, 11374, 13, 29963, 6151, 1070, 624, 2593, 2264, 29930, 13, 29950, 513, 1450, 29875, 28873, 13, 12130, 370, 10778, 286, 514, 277, 375, 1134, 29871, 29906, 448, 5739, 7492, 29855, 13, 12130, 370, 10778, 29892, 5167, 29871, 29906, 448, 5739, 7492 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.904028

0.976578

-0.081474

0.213511

The Sawyer Bennett Bookstore is open for business! Ready to shop? Order signed paperbacks and hardcovers here: https://shop.sawyerbennett.com/ A couple items to note: 1) Shipping will take a while. Books will be ordered once the store closes on May 12, 2021, and will take a couple weeks to arrive. I hope to have all books shipped to readers in June. 2) I am not offering bookplates at this time. My apologies to anyone who was hoping to grab a couple. I'll consider them again in the future. 3) If you are international, please email me (sawyer@sawyerbennett.com) for shipping costs. The system isn't super user friendly where international shipping is concerned, so this will be easier for both of us. 🙂 4) A reminder that novellas and books that were not published independently (Sugar Bowl, Cold Fury, the first three books of Arizona Vengeance, and the Love Hurts series) are not available on the website. Happy shopping!!! —-> https://shop.sawyerbennett.com/ From New York Times Bestselling Author Sawyer Bennett comes the Chronicles of the Stone Veil, a five book urban fantasy/paranormal romance series. A departure from contemporary romance, the Chronicles of the Stone Veil is a return to fantasy/paranormal romance, where Sawyer started her fiction publishing journey. Readers can expect to find all the elements they love from Sawyer's books—strong heroines, alpha heroes, and an epic romance—with a fantastical element to add to their reading experience. You can get the first book in the series, The Revelation of Light and Dark, now! Details for the Chronicles of the Stone Veil series are below: Go to Sawyer's website for details: Click here to learn more about The Chronicles of the Stone Veil series The Revelation of Light and Dark is available now: Amazon | Nook | Apple | Google | Kobo Order the book in PRINT The Revelation of Light and Dark Chronicles of the Stone Veil, book #1 An Urban Fantasy / Paranormal Romance Series | AVAILABLE NOW Add it to Goodreads I always knew I was different. From a young age, my mind has been plagued with things only I could see. Some hauntingly beautiful, others completely terrifying. Never knowing if these visions were real or just hallucinations, I learned how to lock them down and ignore them. I learned to take solace in the relative anonymity of city life and find peace in the rainy days my city of Seattle is known for. But just when I think my life is getting on track and my dreams are achievable, a moment of weakness causes me to learn a hard and fast lesson. My entire existence has been a lie. Now I'm faced with a new reality that's as implausible as it is fantastical. Filled with realms and veils, light and dark, fae and daemons, gods and angels—things I don't understand but am forced to acknowledge. It doesn't help that the man teaching me about my unique gifts is the gorgeously handsome Carrick Byrne, one of Seattle's richest and most powerful men. He intimidates, annoys, and intrigues me all at the same time. I don't trust him and yet there's no one else to help me. No longer certain who to put my faith in, what to believe, or how I fit into it all, one revelation is clear… The world as I know it will never be the same again. The Revelation of Light and Dark is book one of the Chronicles of the Stone Veil series and is best enjoyed if read in series order. COMING SOON IN THE SERIES A Discovery of Secrets and Fate Chronicles of the Stone Veil, book #2 | Coming March 2, 2021 The Evolution of Fae and Gods Chronicles of the Stone Veil, book #3 | Coming March 23, 2021 A Battle of Blood and Stone Chronicles of the Stone Veil, book #4 | Coming April 13, 2021 The Rise of Fortune and Fury Chronicles of the Stone

[ 450, 317, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 6726, 8899, 338, 1722, 363, 5381, 29991, 13, 28181, 304, 18296, 29973, 8170, 8794, 5650, 1627, 29879, 322, 2898, 1111, 874, 1244, 29901, 2045, 597, 19032, 29889, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 13, 29909, 7303, 4452, 304, 4443, 29901, 13, 29896, 29897, 1383, 17347, 674, 2125, 263, 1550, 29889, 13730, 674, 367, 10372, 2748, 278, 3787, 4694, 267, 373, 2610, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29892, 322, 674, 2125, 263, 7303, 11405, 304, 18331, 29889, 306, 4966, 304, 505, 599, 8277, 528, 16242, 304, 22176, 297, 5306, 29889, 13, 29906, 29897, 306, 626, 451, 27032, 3143, 9884, 472, 445, 931, 29889, 1619, 3095, 11763, 304, 5019, 1058, 471, 17231, 304, 17229, 263, 7303, 29889, 306, 29915, 645, 2050, 963, 1449, 297, 278, 5434, 29889, 13, 29941, 29897, 960, 366, 526, 6121, 29892, 3113, 4876, 592, 313, 29879, 1450, 7598, 29992, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29897, 363, 528, 17347, 21544, 29889, 450, 1788, 3508, 29915, 29873, 2428, 1404, 19780, 988, 6121, 528, 17347, 338, 15041, 29892, 577, 445, 674, 367, 6775, 363, 1716, 310, 502, 29889, 29871, 243, 162, 156, 133, 13, 29946, 29897, 319, 1083, 4995, 393, 2420, 514, 294, 322, 8277, 393, 892, 451, 6369, 25499, 313, 29903, 688, 279, 27207, 29892, 26731, 383, 2857, 29892, 278, 937, 2211, 8277, 310, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 322, 278, 8155, 22220, 1372, 3652, 29897, 526, 451, 3625, 373, 278, 4700, 29889, 13, 29950, 14862, 17394, 3262, 21004, 813, 976, 2045, 597, 19032, 29889, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 13, 4591, 1570, 3088, 10277, 6407, 29879, 7807, 13361, 317, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 5304, 278, 15336, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 29892, 263, 5320, 3143, 17164, 13568, 8995, 29914, 862, 273, 2759, 6017, 749, 3652, 29889, 319, 25619, 515, 24952, 6017, 749, 29892, 278, 15336, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 338, 263, 736, 304, 13568, 8995, 29914, 862, 273, 2759, 6017, 749, 29892, 988, 317, 1450, 7598, 4687, 902, 24159, 27256, 16342, 29889, 7523, 414, 508, 2149, 304, 1284, 599, 278, 3161, 896, 5360, 515, 317, 1450, 7598, 29915, 29879, 8277, 30003, 1110, 13444, 1475, 29892, 15595, 13444, 267, 29892, 322, 385, 9358, 293, 6017, 749, 30003, 2541, 263, 13568, 579, 936, 1543, 304, 788, 304, 1009, 5183, 7271, 29889, 887, 508, 679, 278, 937, 3143, 297, 278, 3652, 29892, 450, 830, 955, 362, 310, 12790, 322, 15317, 29892, 1286, 29991, 13, 10602, 363, 278, 15336, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 3652, 526, 2400, 29901, 13, 8120, 304, 317, 1450, 7598, 29915, 29879, 4700, 363, 4902, 29901, 16297, 1244, 304, 5110, 901, 1048, 450, 15336, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 3652, 13, 1576, 830, 955, 362, 310, 12790, 322, 15317, 338, 3625, 1286, 29901, 13, 29909, 655, 6626, 891, 1939, 554, 891, 12113, 891, 5087, 891, 28014, 29877, 13, 7514, 278, 3143, 297, 12089, 10192, 13, 1576, 830, 955, 362, 310, 12790, 322, 15317, 13, 11626, 265, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 29892, 3143, 396, 29896, 13, 2744, 22589, 18089, 8995, 847, 1459, 273, 2759, 6033, 749, 10488, 891, 16884, 29909, 6227, 6181, 405, 9806, 13, 2528, 372, 304, 7197, 949, 29879, 13, 29902, 2337, 6363, 306, 471, 1422, 29889, 13, 4591, 263, 4123, 5046, 29892, 590, 3458, 756, 1063, 715, 351, 6742, 411, 2712, 871, 306, 1033, 1074, 29889, 3834, 447, 348, 1259, 368, 9560, 29892, 4045, 6446, 1935, 29878, 9215, 29889, 12391, 13797, 565, 1438, 1998, 1080, 892, 1855, 470, 925, 12713, 1682, 262, 800, 29892, 306, 10972, 920, 304, 7714, 963, 1623, 322, 11455, 963, 29889, 306, 10972, 304, 2125, 899, 815, 297, 278, 6198, 385, 4735, 537, 310, 4272, 2834, 322, 1284, 10776, 297, 278, 1153, 4901, 3841, 590, 4272, 310, 27689, 338, 2998, 363, 29889, 13, 6246, 925, 746, 306, 1348, 590, 2834, 338, 2805, 373, 5702, 322, 590, 12561, 29879, 526, 27012, 519, 29892, 263, 3256, 310, 8062, 2264, 9946, 592, 304, 5110, 263, 2898, 322, 5172, 3109, 265, 29889, 13, 3421, 4152, 10379, 756, 1063, 263, 3804, 29889, 13, 10454, 306, 29915, 29885, 20050, 411, 263, 716, 16832, 393, 29915, 29879, 408, 2411, 15273, 1821, 408, 372, 338, 13568, 579, 936, 29889, 2514, 839, 411, 1855, 1516, 322, 2453, 2719, 29892, 3578, 322, 6501, 29892, 2258, 29872, 322, 1146, 331, 787, 29892, 27379, 322, 2614, 1379, 30003, 386, 886, 306, 1016, 29915, 29873, 2274, 541, 626, 11826, 304, 18145, 5485, 29889, 739, 1838, 29915, 29873, 1371, 393, 278, 767, 18819, 592, 1048, 590, 5412, 330, 17741, 338, 278, 330, 3890, 5794, 1361, 5372, 1704, 9131, 2648, 29878, 484, 29892, 697, 310, 27689, 29915, 29879, 8261, 342, 322, 1556, 13988, 1757, 29889, 940, 938, 326, 333, 1078, 29892, 12327, 952, 29892, 322, 11158, 335, 1041, 592, 599, 472, 278, 1021, 931, 29889, 306, 1016, 29915, 29873, 9311, 1075, 322, 3447, 727, 29915, 29879, 694, 697, 1683, 304, 1371, 592, 29889, 13, 3782, 5520, 3058, 1058, 304, 1925, 590, 10847, 297, 29892, 825, 304, 4658, 29892, 470, 920, 306, 6216, 964, 372, 599, 29892, 697, 20474, 362, 338, 2821, 30098, 13, 1576, 3186, 408, 306, 1073, 372, 674, 2360, 367, 278, 1021, 1449, 29889, 13, 1576, 830, 955, 362, 310, 12790, 322, 15317, 338, 3143, 697, 310, 278, 15336, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 3652, 322, 338, 1900, 27849, 565, 1303, 297, 3652, 1797, 29889, 13, 19795, 4214, 7791, 1164, 2672, 6093, 26996, 29059, 13, 29909, 8565, 22205, 310, 5356, 27487, 322, 383, 403, 13, 11626, 265, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 29892, 3143, 396, 29906, 891, 422, 292, 4779, 29871, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 13, 1576, 382, 4068, 310, 383, 3660, 322, 4177, 29879, 13, 11626, 265, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 29892, 3143, 396, 29941, 891, 422, 292, 4779, 29871, 29906, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 13, 29909, 12788, 310, 25122, 322, 15681, 13, 11626, 265, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 29892, 3143, 396, 29946, 891, 422, 292, 3786, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 13, 1576, 390, 895, 310, 7236, 1540, 322, 383, 2857, 13, 11626, 265, 4027, 310, 278, 15681 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.345699

-0.689778

-0.263486

-0.177652

Veil, book #5 | Coming May 4, 2021 RELEASE WEEK GIVEAWAY Sawyer Bennett is giving away a Kindle Paperwhite, a $50 Amazon Gift Card, and a signed hardcover to one lucky reader. Fill out the form to enter to win. CLICK HERE TO ENTER TO WIN Steele (Arizona Vengeance, Book #9) Sawyer Bennett A second chance may be just what James Steele needs… I might be one of the older players on the Arizona Vengeance, but I like to think that also makes me one of the wisest. Or at least I used to. Turns out, I've been a bit selfish. I've been married to hockey and my team for years, which hasn't left much time for my actual wife, Ella. Now I'm juggling a separation I never wanted, the pressure of being a single dad to our teenage daughter, and the career I sacrificed it all for. While my game on the ice might be on fire, the game in my personal life is clearly lacking, as evidenced by the fact I just saw my wife on a date with another man. If I have any hope of saving the family I love, I need to re-prioritize, and fast. So it's time for me to get back to fundamentals, just like I did when I learned how to play hockey. I've never backed down from a challenge, and romancing my wife is a challenge I am very much looking forward to. Time to put on my game face, because I'm in it to win it. Download Steele: Print | Audible (narrated by Brian Pallino and Jill Redfield) Code Name: Rook (Jameson Force Security, Book #6) Being a highly skilled operative for a company like Jameson Force Security is exhilarating and important work…until it comes time to date. I like to keep my profession under wraps for a number of reasons. Some of what we do is top secret, most of what we do is dangerous, and more than one woman has tried to latch onto me because she was more enamored with what I do than who Cage Murdock really is. And since I'm more of a 'here for the night' than a 'here for forever' kind of guy, what's the harm in a little white lie about my job? My harmless deceit has never failed me. Until now. Because I met the most amazing woman and did the unthinkable. I married her. And now my beautiful, unsuspecting, probably-going-to-leave-my-sorry-behind-when-she-finds-out-the-truth wife doesn't know that I'm not a used car salesman like I told her when we met. As it typically does with lies, the truth is about to come out in a big way when Jaime unwittingly gets herself mixed up with some unsavory characters and I, along with the team at Jameson, have to intervene. Now I need to save my girl and hope I can save my marriage too. Let's just say I have some serious explaining to do. Download Code Name: Rook: Print | Audible (narrated by John Lane and Emma Wilder) Kane (Arizona Vengeance, Book #8) Are you ready for Kane Bellan's story? Potential problem? I'm not really sure. Here's the deal. There's this girl—isn't that how it always starts?—and her name is Mollie. I like her. I mean really like her. I hope that doesn't make me seem less manly than my professional hockey player persona implies. But here's the issue—she's my best friend. The one person I can count on for everything, who's been there with me for all the moments, big and small. When Mollie shows up at my door, travel weary and scared following an incident with an ex, my instinct to protect her goes into overdrive. It's then that I know she's more than just my best friend and the skates are swept out from under me when I find out she feels the same way. Our transition from friends to lovers to potentially something more is seamless, the Arizona Vengeance is back on the ice looking for a repeat championship, and my life has never been better. Just when I think I've got

[ 8980, 309, 29892, 3143, 396, 29945, 891, 422, 292, 2610, 29871, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 13, 14829, 399, 17896, 29968, 402, 18474, 29909, 12982, 29979, 13, 29903, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 338, 6820, 3448, 263, 13187, 280, 349, 7202, 10921, 29892, 263, 395, 29945, 29900, 16631, 402, 2027, 9160, 29892, 322, 263, 8794, 2898, 11911, 304, 697, 9885, 29891, 9591, 29889, 383, 453, 714, 278, 883, 304, 3896, 304, 5401, 29889, 13, 6154, 2965, 29968, 379, 27267, 7495, 12524, 4945, 7495, 399, 1177, 13, 7789, 6146, 313, 29909, 21198, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 6726, 396, 29929, 29897, 13, 29903, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 13, 29909, 1473, 8825, 1122, 367, 925, 825, 5011, 2443, 6146, 4225, 30098, 13, 29902, 1795, 367, 697, 310, 278, 9642, 10769, 373, 278, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 541, 306, 763, 304, 1348, 393, 884, 3732, 592, 697, 310, 278, 22573, 342, 29889, 1394, 472, 3203, 306, 1304, 304, 29889, 13, 27407, 29879, 714, 29892, 306, 29915, 345, 1063, 263, 2586, 1583, 728, 29889, 306, 29915, 345, 1063, 8300, 304, 18881, 322, 590, 3815, 363, 2440, 29892, 607, 22602, 29915, 29873, 2175, 1568, 931, 363, 590, 3935, 6532, 29892, 1260, 433, 29889, 2567, 306, 29915, 29885, 8740, 29887, 1847, 263, 23683, 306, 2360, 5131, 29892, 278, 12959, 310, 1641, 263, 2323, 270, 328, 304, 1749, 734, 264, 482, 8750, 29892, 322, 278, 6413, 306, 26285, 287, 372, 599, 363, 29889, 13, 8809, 488, 590, 3748, 373, 278, 14890, 1795, 367, 373, 3974, 29892, 278, 3748, 297, 590, 7333, 2834, 338, 9436, 10225, 292, 29892, 408, 3415, 3615, 1133, 491, 278, 2114, 306, 925, 4446, 590, 6532, 373, 263, 2635, 411, 1790, 767, 29889, 960, 306, 505, 738, 4966, 310, 14238, 278, 3942, 306, 5360, 29892, 306, 817, 304, 337, 29899, 29886, 13479, 277, 675, 29892, 322, 5172, 29889, 1105, 372, 29915, 29879, 931, 363, 592, 304, 679, 1250, 304, 5220, 1166, 1338, 29892, 925, 763, 306, 1258, 746, 306, 10972, 920, 304, 1708, 18881, 29889, 306, 29915, 345, 2360, 1250, 287, 1623, 515, 263, 18766, 29892, 322, 9728, 3277, 590, 6532, 338, 263, 18766, 306, 626, 1407, 1568, 3063, 6375, 304, 29889, 13, 2481, 304, 1925, 373, 590, 3748, 3700, 29892, 1363, 306, 29915, 29885, 297, 372, 304, 5401, 372, 29889, 13, 22954, 2443, 6146, 29901, 13, 11816, 891, 8612, 1821, 313, 29876, 2749, 630, 491, 15733, 349, 497, 1789, 322, 435, 453, 4367, 2671, 29897, 13, 3399, 4408, 29901, 1528, 554, 313, 29470, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 6726, 396, 29953, 29897, 13, 3629, 292, 263, 10712, 2071, 24455, 1751, 1230, 363, 263, 5001, 763, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 338, 429, 29882, 2327, 1218, 322, 4100, 664, 30098, 29305, 372, 5304, 931, 304, 2635, 29889, 306, 763, 304, 3013, 590, 6351, 1090, 11463, 567, 363, 263, 1353, 310, 9590, 29889, 3834, 310, 825, 591, 437, 338, 2246, 7035, 29892, 1556, 310, 825, 591, 437, 338, 18215, 29892, 322, 901, 1135, 697, 6114, 756, 1898, 304, 301, 905, 11480, 592, 1363, 1183, 471, 901, 427, 314, 4395, 411, 825, 306, 437, 1135, 1058, 315, 482, 7487, 29881, 1698, 2289, 338, 29889, 1126, 1951, 306, 29915, 29885, 901, 310, 263, 525, 4150, 363, 278, 4646, 29915, 1135, 263, 525, 4150, 363, 22296, 29915, 2924, 310, 1410, 29891, 29892, 825, 29915, 29879, 278, 10311, 297, 263, 2217, 4796, 3804, 1048, 590, 4982, 29973, 13, 3421, 4023, 828, 404, 23332, 277, 756, 2360, 5229, 592, 29889, 28609, 1286, 29889, 7311, 306, 1539, 278, 1556, 21863, 292, 6114, 322, 1258, 278, 443, 386, 682, 519, 29889, 306, 8300, 902, 29889, 1126, 1286, 590, 9560, 29892, 9644, 375, 1103, 292, 29892, 3117, 29899, 17696, 29899, 517, 29899, 280, 1351, 29899, 1357, 29899, 29879, 3818, 29899, 915, 16887, 29899, 8256, 29899, 11360, 29899, 2886, 29879, 29899, 449, 29899, 1552, 29899, 509, 2806, 6532, 1838, 29915, 29873, 1073, 393, 306, 29915, 29885, 451, 263, 1304, 1559, 16538, 1171, 763, 306, 5429, 902, 746, 591, 1539, 29889, 13, 2887, 372, 12234, 947, 411, 12185, 29892, 278, 8760, 338, 1048, 304, 2041, 714, 297, 263, 4802, 982, 746, 14021, 603, 18500, 5367, 368, 4947, 8735, 12849, 701, 411, 777, 9644, 485, 706, 4890, 322, 306, 29892, 3412, 411, 278, 3815, 472, 5011, 265, 29892, 505, 304, 26314, 29872, 29889, 2567, 306, 817, 304, 4078, 590, 7826, 322, 4966, 306, 508, 4078, 590, 13718, 2086, 29889, 2803, 29915, 29879, 925, 1827, 306, 505, 777, 10676, 24232, 304, 437, 29889, 13, 22954, 5920, 4408, 29901, 1528, 554, 29901, 13, 11816, 891, 8612, 1821, 313, 29876, 2749, 630, 491, 2259, 23841, 322, 26422, 399, 2700, 29897, 13, 29968, 1662, 313, 29909, 21198, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 6726, 396, 29947, 29897, 13, 17506, 366, 7960, 363, 476, 1662, 10914, 273, 29915, 29879, 5828, 29973, 13, 29925, 327, 2556, 1108, 29973, 13, 29902, 29915, 29885, 451, 2289, 1854, 29889, 2266, 29915, 29879, 278, 5376, 29889, 13, 8439, 29915, 29879, 445, 7826, 30003, 275, 29876, 29915, 29873, 393, 920, 372, 2337, 8665, 29973, 30003, 392, 902, 1024, 338, 341, 3028, 347, 29889, 306, 763, 902, 29889, 306, 2099, 2289, 763, 902, 29889, 306, 4966, 393, 1838, 29915, 29873, 1207, 592, 2833, 3109, 767, 368, 1135, 590, 10257, 18881, 4847, 21411, 10469, 29889, 1205, 1244, 29915, 29879, 278, 2228, 30003, 11360, 29915, 29879, 590, 1900, 5121, 29889, 450, 697, 2022, 306, 508, 2302, 373, 363, 4129, 29892, 1058, 29915, 29879, 1063, 727, 411, 592, 363, 599, 278, 19462, 29892, 4802, 322, 2319, 29889, 13, 10401, 341, 3028, 347, 3697, 701, 472, 590, 3050, 29892, 9850, 591, 653, 322, 885, 1965, 1494, 385, 15134, 411, 385, 429, 29892, 590, 26508, 304, 12566, 902, 5771, 964, 975, 21594, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 769, 393, 306, 1073, 1183, 29915, 29879, 901, 1135, 925, 590, 1900, 5121, 322, 278, 2071, 1078, 526, 7901, 415, 714, 515, 1090, 592, 746, 306, 1284, 714, 1183, 23880, 278, 1021, 982, 29889, 13, 29949, 332, 9558, 515, 7875, 304, 658, 874, 304, 19998, 1554, 901, 338, 409, 314, 2222, 29892, 278, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 338, 1250, 373, 278, 14890, 3063, 363, 263, 12312, 22401, 29892, 322, 590, 2834, 756, 2360, 1063, 2253, 29889, 3387, 746, 306, 1348, 306, 29915, 345, 2355 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.726209

-1.372413

-1.645165

-1.091841

it all figured out, the realities of us both having careers which keep us on the road put our blossoming relationship on ice. It feels like the game just went into overtime and I'm on the verge of either the biggest win or most disappointing loss of my life. And losing is never an option. Download Kane: Print | Audible (narrated by Jeremy York and Lessa Lamb) From New York Times Bestselling Author Sawyer Bennett comes the Chronicles of the Stone Veil, a five book urban fantasy/paranormal romance series. A departure from contemporary romance, the Chronicles of the Stone Veil is a return to fantasy/paranormal romance, where Sawyer started her fiction publishing journey. Readers can expect to find all the elements they love from Sawyer's books—strong heroines, alpha heroes, and an epic romance—with a fantastical element to add to their reading experience. Details for the Chronicles of the Stone Veil series are below: An Urban Fantasy / Paranormal Romance Series | Coming February 9, 2021 PREORDER The Revelation of Light and Dark HERE: Chronicles of the Stone Veil, Book #2 | Coming February 16, 2021 With more questions than answers, Finley Porter continues to seek the truth about her sister, Fallon, the powers held by the enigmatic and secretive Carrick Byrne, and how she fits into it all. When tragedy strikes one of her closest friends, Finley knows it's time to accept her fate. Armed with knowledge she never wanted and facing an enemy she never expected, Finley Porter is determined to learn the motives of the Dark Queen and how to stop her. And while Carrick Byrne continues to help Finley uncover the truth and hone her skills, she suspects his intentions may not be altruistic. As Finley Porter has learned, the truth is never as it seems. Dark Fae have been sent to destroy her, her past runs much deeper than she could ever imagine, and then there is the matter of Carrick Byrne. Frustrating and infuriating, he holds secrets that reveal the inexplicable connection they have, and that truth could be their undoing. The final battle is here, and Finley Porter and Carrick Byrne have determined the missing piece to defeating the Dark Queen. But all victories come at a price, and the cost may be more than they are prepared to pay. Sawyer Bennett is giving away a signed paperback of the first book in the Chronicles of the Stone Veil series, The Revelation of Light and Dark, and a $50 Amazon Gift Card. Fill out the form to enter to win. Giveaway ends September 18th. New York Times, USA Today, and Wall Street Journal Bestselling author Sawyer Bennett uses real life experience to create relatable stories that appeal to a wide array of readers. From contemporary romance, fantasy romance, and both women's and general fiction, Sawyer writes something for just about everyone. A former trial lawyer from North Carolina, when she is not bringing fiction to life, Sawyer is a chauffeur, stylist, chef, maid, and personal assistant to her very adorable daughter, as well as full-time servant to her wonderfully naughty dogs. If you'd like to receive a notification when Sawyer releases a new book, sign up for her newsletter (sawyerbennett.com/signup). FIND SAWYER BENNETT: Website | Facebook | Twitter | Bookbub | Instagram | Goodreads | Amazon JOIN SAWYER'S NEWSLETTER The Sawyer Bennett Bookstore is open! Looking to add some Sawyer Bennett books to your favorite bookshelf? Here's your chance! The Sawyer Bennett Bookstore is open until June 30 for your shopping needs/wants/desires! Order your favorites here: https://shop.sawyerbennett.com/ A couple things to note: * If you're international, please email me at sawyer@sawyerbennett.com to discuss shipping options. * Due to COVID-19, it is taking longer to get books from vendors, so please allow 4-6 weeks to receive your order. I do have some books on hand, so some orders may be received much sooner.

[ 372, 599, 14788, 714, 29892, 278, 1855, 1907, 310, 502, 1716, 2534, 2562, 414, 607, 3013, 502, 373, 278, 6520, 1925, 1749, 1999, 2209, 28826, 9443, 373, 14890, 29889, 13, 3112, 23880, 763, 278, 3748, 925, 3512, 964, 975, 2230, 322, 306, 29915, 29885, 373, 278, 1147, 479, 310, 2845, 278, 24842, 5401, 470, 1556, 23451, 292, 6410, 310, 590, 2834, 29889, 1126, 19035, 338, 2360, 385, 2984, 29889, 13, 22954, 476, 1662, 29901, 13, 11816, 891, 8612, 1821, 313, 29876, 2749, 630, 491, 5677, 6764, 3088, 322, 365, 9297, 26832, 29897, 13, 4591, 1570, 3088, 10277, 6407, 29879, 7807, 13361, 317, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 5304, 278, 15336, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 29892, 263, 5320, 3143, 17164, 13568, 8995, 29914, 862, 273, 2759, 6017, 749, 3652, 29889, 319, 25619, 515, 24952, 6017, 749, 29892, 278, 15336, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 338, 263, 736, 304, 13568, 8995, 29914, 862, 273, 2759, 6017, 749, 29892, 988, 317, 1450, 7598, 4687, 902, 24159, 27256, 16342, 29889, 7523, 414, 508, 2149, 304, 1284, 599, 278, 3161, 896, 5360, 515, 317, 1450, 7598, 29915, 29879, 8277, 30003, 1110, 13444, 1475, 29892, 15595, 13444, 267, 29892, 322, 385, 9358, 293, 6017, 749, 30003, 2541, 263, 13568, 579, 936, 1543, 304, 788, 304, 1009, 5183, 7271, 29889, 25577, 363, 278, 15336, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 3652, 526, 2400, 29901, 13, 2744, 22589, 18089, 8995, 847, 1459, 273, 2759, 6033, 749, 10488, 891, 422, 292, 6339, 29871, 29929, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 13, 15094, 22364, 450, 830, 955, 362, 310, 12790, 322, 15317, 379, 27267, 29901, 13, 11626, 265, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 29892, 6726, 396, 29906, 891, 422, 292, 6339, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 13, 3047, 901, 5155, 1135, 6089, 29892, 4231, 2330, 7102, 357, 18172, 304, 16508, 278, 8760, 1048, 902, 9883, 29892, 14053, 265, 29892, 278, 10801, 4934, 491, 278, 427, 335, 29885, 2454, 322, 7035, 573, 1704, 9131, 2648, 29878, 484, 29892, 322, 920, 1183, 23994, 964, 372, 599, 29889, 1932, 1020, 3192, 29891, 19492, 267, 697, 310, 902, 21438, 7875, 29892, 4231, 2330, 9906, 372, 29915, 29879, 931, 304, 3544, 902, 23779, 29889, 13, 1433, 2168, 411, 7134, 1183, 2360, 5131, 322, 14870, 385, 11103, 1183, 2360, 3806, 29892, 4231, 2330, 7102, 357, 338, 10087, 304, 5110, 278, 3184, 3145, 310, 278, 15317, 10470, 322, 920, 304, 5040, 902, 29889, 1126, 1550, 1704, 9131, 2648, 29878, 484, 18172, 304, 1371, 4231, 2330, 443, 11911, 278, 8760, 322, 298, 650, 902, 25078, 29892, 1183, 12326, 29879, 670, 7609, 1080, 1122, 451, 367, 394, 509, 29884, 4695, 29889, 13, 2887, 4231, 2330, 7102, 357, 756, 10972, 29892, 278, 8760, 338, 2360, 408, 372, 2444, 29889, 15317, 383, 3660, 505, 1063, 2665, 304, 8174, 902, 29892, 902, 4940, 6057, 1568, 25871, 1135, 1183, 1033, 3926, 14034, 29892, 322, 769, 727, 338, 278, 4383, 310, 1704, 9131, 2648, 29878, 484, 29889, 4693, 4627, 1218, 322, 3041, 5338, 1218, 29892, 540, 8640, 22183, 1372, 393, 10320, 284, 278, 297, 4548, 506, 519, 3957, 896, 505, 29892, 322, 393, 8760, 1033, 367, 1009, 563, 29877, 292, 29889, 13, 1576, 2186, 10555, 338, 1244, 29892, 322, 4231, 2330, 7102, 357, 322, 1704, 9131, 2648, 29878, 484, 505, 10087, 278, 4567, 8424, 304, 8686, 1218, 278, 15317, 10470, 29889, 1205, 599, 6879, 3842, 2041, 472, 263, 8666, 29892, 322, 278, 3438, 1122, 367, 901, 1135, 896, 526, 13240, 304, 5146, 29889, 13, 29903, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 338, 6820, 3448, 263, 8794, 5650, 1627, 310, 278, 937, 3143, 297, 278, 15336, 4027, 310, 278, 15681, 8980, 309, 3652, 29892, 450, 830, 955, 362, 310, 12790, 322, 15317, 29892, 322, 263, 395, 29945, 29900, 16631, 402, 2027, 9160, 29889, 383, 453, 714, 278, 883, 304, 3896, 304, 5401, 29889, 25538, 21694, 10614, 3839, 29871, 29896, 29947, 386, 29889, 13, 4373, 3088, 10277, 29892, 8278, 20628, 29892, 322, 14406, 7103, 8237, 6407, 29879, 7807, 4148, 317, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 3913, 1855, 2834, 7271, 304, 1653, 1104, 17219, 15874, 393, 25530, 304, 263, 9377, 1409, 310, 22176, 29889, 3645, 24952, 6017, 749, 29892, 13568, 8995, 6017, 749, 29892, 322, 1716, 5866, 29915, 29879, 322, 2498, 24159, 29892, 317, 1450, 7598, 15873, 1554, 363, 925, 1048, 14332, 29889, 13, 29909, 4642, 14260, 25008, 515, 4644, 13397, 29892, 746, 1183, 338, 451, 20794, 24159, 304, 2834, 29892, 317, 1450, 7598, 338, 263, 521, 28411, 5411, 29892, 15877, 1761, 29892, 14547, 29892, 611, 333, 29892, 322, 7333, 20255, 304, 902, 1407, 594, 272, 519, 8750, 29892, 408, 1532, 408, 2989, 29899, 2230, 21649, 304, 902, 4997, 3730, 302, 6482, 29891, 26361, 29889, 13, 3644, 366, 29915, 29881, 763, 304, 7150, 263, 12519, 746, 317, 1450, 7598, 27474, 263, 716, 3143, 29892, 1804, 701, 363, 902, 9763, 15670, 313, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 4530, 786, 467, 13, 29943, 22255, 16698, 29956, 29979, 1001, 350, 1430, 6006, 29911, 29901, 13, 3609, 2746, 891, 13327, 891, 20147, 891, 6726, 29890, 431, 891, 2799, 14442, 891, 7197, 949, 29879, 891, 16631, 13, 29967, 6992, 16698, 29956, 29979, 1001, 29915, 29903, 14693, 7811, 1307, 29911, 4945, 13, 1576, 317, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 6726, 8899, 338, 1722, 29991, 13, 14959, 292, 304, 788, 777, 317, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 8277, 304, 596, 25448, 3143, 845, 761, 29973, 2266, 29915, 29879, 596, 8825, 29991, 450, 317, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 6726, 8899, 338, 1722, 2745, 5306, 29871, 29941, 29900, 363, 596, 17394, 3262, 4225, 29914, 29893, 1934, 29914, 2783, 2658, 29991, 13, 7514, 596, 7853, 3246, 1244, 29901, 2045, 597, 19032, 29889, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 13, 29909, 7303, 2712, 304, 4443, 29901, 13, 29930, 960, 366, 29915, 276, 6121, 29892, 3113, 4876, 592, 472, 4446, 7598, 29992, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 304, 5353, 528, 17347, 3987, 29889, 13, 29930, 16809, 304, 19937, 29899, 29896, 29929, 29892, 372, 338, 5622, 5520, 304, 679, 8277, 515, 9691, 943, 29892, 577, 3113, 2758, 29871, 29946, 29899, 29953, 11405, 304, 7150, 596, 1797, 29889, 306, 437, 505, 777, 8277, 373, 1361, 29892, 577, 777, 11299, 1122, 367, 4520, 1568, 29548, 29889, 13 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.840325

-1.086089

-1.06954

-0.772144

* The store is only open until June 30, so if you're interested in shopping, don't wait too long! 😉 Happy shopping! xoxo Wicked Secret (Wicked Horse Vegas, Book #8) Those that truly know August Greenfield, will tell you that I live my life to the fullest. Work hard as part of the team at Jameson Force Security but play just as hard at The Wicked Horse Vegas. I have no regrets about my life. Well, maybe just one. Leighton Hale was my first love and the woman I wanted to spend my life with, but one day she was just gone. Vanished without a trace. Even my extensive contacts as part of the team at Jameson left me empty-handed in my search for answers. My single remorse is never being able to find out what happened to her, because no matter how difficult the truth may be, it can't be as bad as never knowing at all. Ten years later, a knock on my front door brings me face-to-face with the woman I thought I'd never see again and nothing in my life could have prepared me for the secrets she holds. Download Wicked Secret: Print | Audible (narrated by Lance Greenfield and Kirsten Leigh) Welcome the 8th Annual Mental Health Awareness Month Book Fundraiser benefiting the Keith Milano Memorial Fund at the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention. For the 8th year, an amazing group of authors have generously agreed to donate, in Keith name, a portion of their May book sales to help raise awareness for mental health …. for the 8th year people who never knew Keith are coming together to make a difference. How do you thank a community that has helped you keep your brother's spirit alive—a community that helped you keep a promise made to him after he passed. 15 years ago when we lost Keith, we decided he would not go quietly, that we would fight for mental health awareness, fight to bring mental illness out of the darkness in his name. At the time we had no idea what that would mean, where our journey would take us or that this community would embrace the cause and join us in the fight. This event was born organically out of us sharing Keith's story and our family's mission and we are humbled at how his story has resonated with so many. We continue to share his story and hope you will join us in making mental health a priority. By sharing your truth, the dialogue can continue to help others feel less alone and more likely to get help. Our family is so touched by how this community has embraced this cause. With Deepest Gratitude, Denise Milano Sprung Here is how you can help raise money and awareness for mental health: Purchase a book from the amazing books listed below! We hope you will #1click4charity a number of these amazing books! Please note that although below are Amazon Kindle links, the portion of sales is from any platform: digital, print and audio. Share the image below or any of the custom photos the participating authors share on social media to raise awareness and to show your support. Make a tax-deductible donation directly to the Keith Milano Memorial Fund at AFSP. Thank you in advance for your support as we work to bring mental illness out of the darkness. 8th Annual Mental Health Awareness Book Fundraiser Buy Link Alice Archer The Infinite Onion https://amzn.to/2Kas0P3 Alison G Bailey https://amzn.to/3a72DrS Alyson Santos Night Shifts Black (NSB #1) https://amzn.to/3cmFzHb Tracing Holland (NSB #2) https://amzn.to/2RFB02K Viper (NSB #3) https://amzn.to/2VApmHL Limelight (NSB #4) https://amzn.to/2Vcd0qj An NSB Wedding (NSB #5) https://amzn.to/3bowRZ3 NSB Boxset https://amzn.to/34G9KXd Rising West: A Turner Artist Rocker Novel https://amzn.to/3eoS7zs Falling North: A Turner Artist Rocker Novel https://amzn.

[ 29930, 450, 3787, 338, 871, 1722, 2745, 5306, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29892, 577, 565, 366, 29915, 276, 8852, 297, 17394, 3262, 29892, 1016, 29915, 29873, 4480, 2086, 1472, 29991, 29871, 243, 162, 155, 140, 13, 29950, 14862, 17394, 3262, 29991, 921, 2251, 29877, 13, 29956, 17840, 10213, 313, 29956, 17840, 6912, 344, 17236, 294, 29892, 6726, 396, 29947, 29897, 13, 1349, 852, 393, 19781, 1073, 3111, 7646, 2671, 29892, 674, 2649, 366, 393, 306, 5735, 590, 2834, 304, 278, 2989, 342, 29889, 5244, 2898, 408, 760, 310, 278, 3815, 472, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 541, 1708, 925, 408, 2898, 472, 450, 399, 17840, 6912, 344, 17236, 294, 29889, 306, 505, 694, 1072, 27487, 1048, 590, 2834, 29889, 13, 11284, 29892, 5505, 925, 697, 29889, 13, 3226, 523, 265, 379, 744, 471, 590, 937, 5360, 322, 278, 6114, 306, 5131, 304, 18864, 590, 2834, 411, 29892, 541, 697, 2462, 1183, 471, 925, 7695, 29889, 6556, 3276, 1728, 263, 9637, 29889, 7753, 590, 20607, 25957, 408, 760, 310, 278, 3815, 472, 5011, 265, 2175, 592, 4069, 29899, 3179, 287, 297, 590, 2740, 363, 6089, 29889, 1619, 2323, 1083, 272, 344, 338, 2360, 1641, 2221, 304, 1284, 714, 825, 9559, 304, 902, 29892, 1363, 694, 4383, 920, 5189, 278, 8760, 1122, 367, 29892, 372, 508, 29915, 29873, 367, 408, 4319, 408, 2360, 13797, 472, 599, 29889, 13, 29911, 264, 2440, 2678, 29892, 263, 18232, 373, 590, 4565, 3050, 23522, 592, 3700, 29899, 517, 29899, 2161, 411, 278, 6114, 306, 2714, 306, 29915, 29881, 2360, 1074, 1449, 322, 3078, 297, 590, 2834, 1033, 505, 13240, 592, 363, 278, 22183, 1372, 1183, 8640, 29889, 13, 22954, 399, 17840, 10213, 29901, 13, 11816, 891, 8612, 1821, 313, 29876, 2749, 630, 491, 365, 749, 7646, 2671, 322, 476, 765, 264, 951, 1141, 29897, 13, 28862, 2763, 278, 29871, 29947, 386, 8081, 950, 341, 13703, 15202, 319, 4495, 18543, 23471, 6726, 13249, 336, 7608, 7795, 11407, 278, 27179, 16350, 19722, 13249, 472, 278, 3082, 10606, 363, 2166, 293, 680, 4721, 7316, 29889, 13, 2831, 278, 29871, 29947, 386, 1629, 29892, 385, 21863, 292, 2318, 310, 15717, 505, 1176, 5794, 15502, 304, 1016, 403, 29892, 297, 27179, 1024, 29892, 263, 11910, 310, 1009, 2610, 3143, 16538, 304, 1371, 12020, 3773, 8326, 404, 363, 19119, 9045, 16088, 29889, 363, 278, 29871, 29947, 386, 1629, 2305, 1058, 2360, 6363, 27179, 526, 6421, 4208, 304, 1207, 263, 4328, 29889, 13, 5328, 437, 366, 6452, 263, 7881, 393, 756, 9213, 366, 3013, 596, 8099, 29915, 29879, 8548, 18758, 30003, 29874, 7881, 393, 9213, 366, 3013, 263, 11640, 1754, 304, 1075, 1156, 540, 4502, 29889, 13, 29896, 29945, 2440, 8020, 746, 591, 5714, 27179, 29892, 591, 8459, 540, 723, 451, 748, 25970, 29892, 393, 591, 723, 8589, 363, 19119, 9045, 3773, 8326, 404, 29892, 8589, 304, 6963, 19119, 4486, 2264, 714, 310, 278, 23490, 297, 670, 1024, 29889, 2180, 278, 931, 591, 750, 694, 2969, 825, 393, 723, 2099, 29892, 988, 1749, 16342, 723, 2125, 502, 470, 393, 445, 7881, 723, 953, 13842, 278, 4556, 322, 5988, 502, 297, 278, 8589, 29889, 13, 4013, 1741, 471, 6345, 2894, 1711, 714, 310, 502, 19383, 27179, 29915, 29879, 5828, 322, 1749, 3942, 29915, 29879, 10655, 322, 591, 526, 3165, 27225, 472, 920, 670, 5828, 756, 27396, 630, 411, 577, 1784, 29889, 1334, 6773, 304, 6232, 670, 5828, 322, 4966, 366, 674, 5988, 502, 297, 3907, 19119, 9045, 263, 20136, 29889, 2648, 19383, 596, 8760, 29892, 278, 7928, 434, 508, 6773, 304, 1371, 4045, 4459, 3109, 7432, 322, 901, 5517, 304, 679, 1371, 29889, 13, 29949, 332, 3942, 338, 577, 23051, 491, 920, 445, 7881, 756, 7232, 945, 287, 445, 4556, 29889, 13, 3047, 21784, 342, 1632, 271, 4279, 29892, 13, 29315, 895, 16350, 14314, 686, 13, 10605, 338, 920, 366, 508, 1371, 12020, 6909, 322, 3773, 8326, 404, 363, 19119, 9045, 29901, 13, 29925, 27574, 263, 3143, 515, 278, 21863, 292, 8277, 9904, 2400, 29991, 1334, 4966, 366, 674, 396, 29896, 3808, 29946, 3090, 537, 263, 1353, 310, 1438, 21863, 292, 8277, 29991, 3529, 4443, 393, 5998, 2400, 526, 16631, 13187, 280, 2988, 29892, 278, 11910, 310, 16538, 338, 515, 738, 7481, 29901, 13436, 29892, 1596, 322, 10348, 29889, 13, 2713, 598, 278, 1967, 2400, 470, 738, 310, 278, 2888, 20612, 278, 5221, 1218, 15717, 6232, 373, 5264, 5745, 304, 12020, 3773, 8326, 404, 322, 304, 1510, 596, 2304, 29889, 13, 9984, 263, 8818, 29899, 7176, 5313, 1821, 1016, 362, 4153, 304, 278, 27179, 16350, 19722, 13249, 472, 23844, 5550, 29889, 13, 25271, 366, 297, 6564, 363, 596, 2304, 408, 591, 664, 304, 6963, 19119, 4486, 2264, 714, 310, 278, 23490, 29889, 13, 29947, 386, 8081, 950, 341, 13703, 15202, 319, 4495, 18543, 6726, 13249, 336, 7608, 13, 3727, 29891, 6645, 13, 29909, 5897, 2595, 261, 13, 1576, 512, 18925, 1551, 291, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29968, 294, 29900, 29925, 29941, 13, 2499, 2285, 402, 6000, 15168, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29874, 29955, 29906, 25639, 29903, 13, 29909, 368, 1100, 24813, 13, 29940, 523, 1383, 17741, 6054, 313, 29940, 1744, 396, 29896, 29897, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 4912, 29943, 29920, 29950, 29890, 13, 29911, 945, 292, 20262, 313, 29940, 1744, 396, 29906, 29897, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29934, 18426, 29900, 29906, 29968, 13, 29963, 29875, 546, 313, 29940, 1744, 396, 29941, 29897, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 20449, 3358, 15444, 13, 29931, 326, 295, 523, 313, 29940, 1744, 396, 29946, 29897, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 2252, 29900, 29939, 29926, 13, 2744, 405, 1744, 15050, 8497, 313, 29940, 1744, 396, 29945, 29897, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 17729, 29934, 29999, 29941, 13, 29940, 1744, 11773, 842, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29946, 29954, 29929, 29968, 29990, 29881, 13, 29934, 5921, 3122, 29901, 319, 24215, 3012, 391, 1528, 4937, 2864, 295, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29872, 29877, 29903, 29955, 22381, 13, 29943, 27855, 4644, 29901, 319, 24215, 3012, 391, 1528, 4937, 2864, 295, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.663716

-1.509978

-0.981672

-0.476795

to/2RHaDtk Haunted Melody: A Ghost Story https://amzn.to/2RHUVxZ https://amzn.to/3cmKgAC https://amzn.to/2VArgIp https://amzn.to/2V9qy5Q https://amzn.to/3eotJxT Brenda Rothert https://amzn.to/2xwKeHJ https://amzn.to/3aghmAF https://amzn.to/2yVQM2T https://amzn.to/3emxUKF https://amzn.to/3bcYNP7 https://amzn.to/3abm4jn Cara Dee Path of Destruction https://amzn.to/3cjZZAp https://amzn.to/2RACg7l Carly Phillips Dare to Resist https://amzn.to/2KkzgYR Danielle Pearl https://amzn.to/2K8nMr8 https://amzn.to/2K4RTzP ES Carter Favourite Hello. Hardest Goodbye. https://amzn.to/3benDy7 https://amzn.to/2KaeB9M Ginger Scott Wild Reckless https://amzn.to/2XCOXlO Drummer Girl https://amzn.to/2VbjdCN Cowboy, Villian, Damsel, Duel https://amzn.to/3eoVfeG Jennifer L. Allen Our Moon https://amzn.to/3bdoYFE Hearts in the Sand https://amzn.to/3ckIpwd https://amzn.to/2VctM8y Here Without You https://amzn.to/2Vcq6E0 use this cover https://amzn.to/3ae2kLX K Bromberg https://amzn.to/2RF9pig Kandi Steiner On the Way to You https://amzn.to/2RFJFlD Karen Booth Rock Starred https://amzn.to/2RDvcXG Love Plus One https://amzn.to/34DGqR7 The KISS Principle https://amzn.to/2K73huV Kelly Jensen Chaos Station https://amzn.to/3eoCWpX and Jenn Burke Lonely Shore https://amzn.to/2xAKPZ1 Skip Trace https://amzn.to/3bd12Cf Inversion Point https://amzn.to/2VaBAYj Phase Shift https://amzn.to/2XEYB7q https://amzn.to/3cj9pME Laurelin Paige Sweet Liar https://amzn.to/3equhU8 Leylah Attar Moti on the Water https://amzn.to/3cmtEcl M. Jayne https://amzn.to/2VBbeh8 Melanie Harlow https://amzn.to/2Vz5Ivo Melanie Moreland Changing Roles https://amzn.to/2XCBYk1 The Summer of Us https://amzn.to/2z7c91z Vested Interest Books 1- 6 https://amzn.to/2XEUB7a The Contract Series (3 books) https://amzn.to/2VaMjSy Natasha Madison Southern Chance https://amzn.to/2XEUCbe Nicole Edwards The Walkers of Coyote Ridge series https://amzn.to/2wHEA5f https://amzn.to/2VaENXP https://amzn.to/2RIDGNb Hard to Hold https://amzn.to/2RIjF9g https://amzn.to/2XEUGYw https://amzn.to/2XFdUgC https://amzn.to/2Va

[ 517, 29914, 29906, 29934, 24704, 29928, 11178, 13, 24704, 28000, 6286, 1486, 29901, 319, 28484, 13740, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29934, 29950, 29965, 29963, 29916, 29999, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 4912, 29968, 29887, 2477, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 8559, 29902, 29886, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 29929, 29939, 29891, 29945, 29984, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29872, 327, 29967, 29916, 29911, 13, 12432, 8395, 21790, 814, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29916, 29893, 9598, 29950, 29967, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 351, 7184, 5098, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29891, 29963, 29984, 29924, 29906, 29911, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 331, 29916, 19960, 29943, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 12328, 29979, 25500, 29955, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 370, 29885, 29946, 29926, 29876, 13, 29907, 2518, 897, 29872, 13, 2605, 310, 15435, 4080, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29883, 29926, 29999, 29999, 17396, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29934, 2477, 29887, 29955, 29880, 13, 8179, 368, 21856, 4512, 13, 29928, 598, 304, 2538, 391, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29968, 29895, 29920, 29887, 29979, 29934, 13, 18529, 11381, 21265, 29880, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29968, 29947, 29876, 20335, 29947, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29968, 29946, 13079, 29920, 29925, 13, 2890, 22264, 13, 29943, 485, 473, 568, 15043, 29889, 10999, 342, 7197, 26966, 29889, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 1785, 29928, 29891, 29955, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29968, 3660, 29933, 29929, 29924, 13, 29954, 5621, 8075, 13, 29956, 789, 830, 384, 2222, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29990, 3217, 29990, 29880, 29949, 13, 29928, 5848, 1050, 18620, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 29890, 26012, 13778, 13, 29907, 340, 19415, 29892, 9887, 713, 29892, 360, 2232, 295, 29892, 360, 2491, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29872, 29877, 29963, 1725, 29954, 13, 29967, 2108, 9633, 365, 29889, 16092, 13, 29949, 332, 17549, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29890, 1867, 29979, 16359, 13, 3868, 5708, 297, 278, 8564, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 384, 29902, 29886, 9970, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 312, 29924, 29947, 29891, 13, 10605, 13932, 887, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 29883, 29939, 29953, 29923, 29900, 13, 1509, 445, 4612, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 3660, 29906, 29895, 29931, 29990, 13, 29968, 350, 456, 2552, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29934, 29943, 29929, 29886, 335, 13, 29968, 392, 29875, 2443, 4983, 13, 2951, 278, 5307, 304, 887, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29934, 29943, 29967, 8754, 29928, 13, 29968, 8326, 1952, 720, 13, 29934, 1698, 7828, 1127, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29934, 29928, 7071, 29990, 29954, 13, 29931, 994, 15113, 3118, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29946, 29928, 29954, 29939, 29934, 29955, 13, 1576, 476, 29902, 1799, 14771, 552, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29968, 29955, 29941, 6905, 29963, 13, 29968, 14112, 435, 14762, 13, 1451, 29874, 359, 12039, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29872, 29877, 29907, 29956, 29886, 29990, 13, 392, 23774, 6640, 446, 13, 29931, 265, 873, 1383, 487, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29916, 22311, 29925, 29999, 29896, 13, 15797, 666, 20597, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 6448, 29896, 29906, 29907, 29888, 13, 797, 3259, 8984, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 29874, 5688, 29979, 29926, 13, 4819, 559, 1383, 2027, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29990, 13282, 29933, 29955, 29939, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29883, 29926, 29929, 29886, 2303, 13, 5661, 545, 1915, 2621, 2231, 13, 29903, 16668, 2718, 279, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 1686, 29882, 29965, 29947, 13, 29931, 1032, 8083, 6212, 279, 13, 29924, 15297, 373, 278, 13062, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29883, 4378, 29923, 695, 13, 29924, 29889, 19556, 484, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 24281, 915, 29882, 29947, 13, 29924, 295, 6067, 3536, 677, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 29920, 29945, 29902, 1365, 13, 29924, 295, 6067, 3879, 14045, 13, 1451, 9776, 390, 6544, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29990, 21685, 29979, 29895, 29896, 13, 1576, 13329, 310, 10783, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29920, 29955, 29883, 29929, 29896, 29920, 13, 29963, 2868, 23829, 13730, 29871, 29896, 29899, 29871, 29953, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29990, 29923, 7466, 29955, 29874, 13, 1576, 2866, 1461, 10488, 313, 29941, 8277, 29897, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 29874, 29924, 29926, 29903, 29891, 13, 29940, 271, 26840, 4104, 2285, 13, 29903, 283, 5063, 678, 749, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29990, 29923, 23129, 915, 13, 29940, 23249, 29174, 13, 1576, 12878, 414, 310, 3189, 29891, 866, 390, 5525, 3652, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29893, 9606, 29909, 29945, 29888, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 29874, 1430, 29990, 29925, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29934, 1367, 20728, 29890, 13, 29950, 538, 304, 21771, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 3960, 29926, 29943, 29929, 29887, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29990, 29923, 23338, 29979, 29893, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29990, 29943, 29881, 29965, 29887, 29907, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29963, 29874 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-1.757185

-2.543015

-2.344522

-2.382016

CfJh A Coyote Ridge Christmas https://amzn.to/3bcaDcB https://amzn.to/3ck45bW Piper Rayne Flirting with Fire (Blue Collar Brothers #1) https://amzn.to/34GJw6J Raine Miller Puck Money https://amzn.to/2Ka5iXm https://amzn.to/3esoUUj Wylde: Arizona Vengeance https://amzn.to/34Cr92S Sierra Simone https://amzn.to/3cmRODs Virna De Paul Going Deep Football Series https://amzn.to/3baEemI Down Deep https://amzn.to/3bddW31 Royally Deep https://amzn.to/2K4SqSl https://amzn.to/3er0lHB https://amzn.to/2z74X5z ⭐ Keith Milano Memorial Fund ⭐ 140 Adams Ave, Suite B-12 Fund Information: The Keith Milano Memorial Fund was established to help raise awareness about the devastating and deadly disease that is mental illness. Keith's spirit and laughter is kept alive through our efforts to increase awareness about mental illness and to raise money for education and imperative research. Keith often struggled with society's perception of mental illness. Our hope is that by having the strength to say that Keith was "Bipolar" we can strip away the stigma and help others to be more open about their disease. If you want to know more about Keith or why Denise does what she does, here is short video/interview that speaks to that! The Keith Milano Memorial Fund benefits the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (AFSP). At the end of the event, participating authors pay AFSP directly. AFSP is the only national not-for-profit organization exclusively dedicated to understanding and preventing suicide through research and education, and to reaching out to people with mood disorders and those affected by suicide. AFSP is a fully accredited 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization incorporated in the state of Delaware with primary offices in New York City. Federal tax ID # is 13-3393329. ENTER TO WIN a $50 Amazon gift card in the new release celebration giveaway: https://sawyerbennett.com/giveaways/code-name-hacker/ I'm not the same Bebe Grimshaw I was years ago. The woman I was spent years behind the bars of the highest security women's prison in the nation, my punishment for hacking nuclear codes as part of a crime syndicate I'd gotten in way too deep with. The woman I am today doesn't regret what I did, or the fact that I got caught, but I am remorseful for the years I lost with my son, Aaron. Released from my sentence early thanks to Kynan McGrath, I joined his team at Jameson Force Security and now put my skills to use helping people. I'm just trying to get back a piece of what I lost, focusing solely on raising Aaron and my work at Jameson. As long as I have my son and my career, I'm content. But life has a funny way of letting you know exactly what you need, and when a devastatingly handsome stranger named Griffin befriends Aaron at the park, I have to consider I might be missing something. A part of me that was locked away long ago reawakens, and I find myself looking at Griff in a way I've not looked at a man in more than a decade. Just when I think things are starting to look up, my world is turned upside down. Turns out that meeting wasn't an accident, and things aren't going my way at all. Griffin Moore is the man sent here to kill me. All books in the Jameson Force Security series can be read as standalones. See the entire series here: https://sawyerbennett.com/bookstore/jameson-force-security-series/ DOMINIK is a standalone hockey romance about Dominik Carlson, the alpha billionaire team owner of the Arizona Vengeance, and Willow Monahan, the strong-willed sister of one of his star

[ 29907, 29888, 29967, 29882, 13, 29909, 3189, 29891, 866, 390, 5525, 17661, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29890, 1113, 29928, 29883, 29933, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 384, 29946, 29945, 29890, 29956, 13, 12197, 546, 9596, 484, 13, 8754, 381, 1259, 411, 6438, 313, 21319, 1530, 4675, 25522, 396, 29896, 29897, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29946, 29954, 29967, 29893, 29953, 29967, 13, 29934, 9874, 16498, 13, 29925, 2707, 341, 4992, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29968, 29874, 29945, 29875, 29990, 29885, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 20135, 29965, 29965, 29926, 13, 29956, 2904, 311, 29901, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29946, 20647, 29929, 29906, 29903, 13, 29903, 11617, 3439, 650, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 4912, 1672, 29928, 29879, 13, 29963, 381, 1056, 897, 3739, 13, 8120, 292, 21784, 8914, 10488, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 2291, 29923, 331, 29902, 13, 6767, 21784, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 29890, 1289, 29956, 29941, 29896, 13, 9588, 29891, 635, 21784, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29968, 29946, 29903, 29939, 16973, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29941, 261, 29900, 29880, 29950, 29933, 13, 991, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29920, 29955, 29946, 29990, 29945, 29920, 13, 229, 176, 147, 27179, 16350, 19722, 13249, 29871, 229, 176, 147, 13, 29896, 29946, 29900, 20359, 319, 345, 29892, 2166, 568, 350, 29899, 29896, 29906, 13, 29943, 870, 10343, 29901, 13, 1576, 27179, 16350, 19722, 13249, 471, 7841, 304, 1371, 12020, 3773, 8326, 404, 1048, 278, 2906, 579, 1218, 322, 7123, 368, 17135, 393, 338, 19119, 4486, 2264, 29889, 27179, 29915, 29879, 8548, 322, 10569, 357, 338, 8126, 18758, 1549, 1749, 14231, 304, 7910, 3773, 8326, 404, 1048, 19119, 4486, 2264, 322, 304, 12020, 6909, 363, 9793, 322, 10112, 1230, 5925, 29889, 27179, 4049, 10205, 839, 411, 12459, 29915, 29879, 639, 1441, 310, 19119, 4486, 2264, 29889, 8680, 4966, 338, 393, 491, 2534, 278, 9324, 304, 1827, 393, 27179, 471, 376, 29933, 666, 10170, 29908, 591, 508, 17820, 3448, 278, 380, 2934, 322, 1371, 4045, 304, 367, 901, 1722, 1048, 1009, 17135, 29889, 13, 3644, 366, 864, 304, 1073, 901, 1048, 27179, 470, 2020, 3384, 895, 947, 825, 1183, 947, 29892, 1244, 338, 3273, 4863, 29914, 1639, 1493, 393, 7726, 29879, 304, 393, 29991, 13, 1576, 27179, 16350, 19722, 13249, 23633, 278, 3082, 10606, 363, 2166, 293, 680, 4721, 7316, 313, 5098, 5550, 467, 2180, 278, 1095, 310, 278, 1741, 29892, 5221, 1218, 15717, 5146, 23844, 5550, 4153, 29889, 13, 5098, 5550, 338, 278, 871, 4797, 451, 29899, 1454, 29899, 771, 9202, 13013, 13489, 3598, 16955, 304, 8004, 322, 5557, 292, 23921, 680, 1549, 5925, 322, 9793, 29892, 322, 304, 20888, 714, 304, 2305, 411, 286, 2092, 766, 20488, 322, 1906, 15201, 491, 23921, 680, 29889, 23844, 5550, 338, 263, 8072, 1035, 1127, 1573, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29896, 29898, 29883, 5033, 29941, 29897, 8818, 29899, 735, 3456, 13013, 11039, 630, 297, 278, 2106, 310, 5556, 28327, 411, 7601, 25222, 297, 1570, 3088, 4412, 29889, 14879, 8818, 3553, 396, 338, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29899, 29941, 29941, 29929, 29941, 29941, 29906, 29929, 29889, 13, 3919, 1001, 7495, 399, 1177, 263, 395, 29945, 29900, 16631, 19797, 5881, 297, 278, 716, 6507, 10894, 362, 2367, 21694, 29901, 2045, 597, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 29887, 573, 1450, 1036, 29914, 401, 29899, 978, 29899, 29882, 28940, 29914, 13, 29902, 29915, 29885, 451, 278, 1021, 350, 774, 29872, 1632, 326, 845, 1450, 306, 471, 2440, 8020, 29889, 450, 6114, 306, 471, 10398, 2440, 5742, 278, 22306, 310, 278, 9939, 6993, 5866, 29915, 29879, 8475, 297, 278, 5233, 29892, 590, 6035, 18310, 363, 15833, 292, 20346, 11561, 408, 760, 310, 263, 17268, 22898, 9593, 306, 29915, 29881, 2355, 841, 297, 982, 2086, 6483, 411, 29889, 450, 6114, 306, 626, 9826, 1838, 29915, 29873, 28883, 825, 306, 1258, 29892, 470, 278, 2114, 393, 306, 2355, 12624, 29892, 541, 306, 626, 1083, 272, 344, 1319, 363, 278, 2440, 306, 5714, 411, 590, 1487, 29892, 319, 5022, 29889, 830, 4611, 515, 590, 10541, 4688, 3969, 304, 476, 948, 273, 4052, 3338, 493, 29892, 306, 8772, 670, 3815, 472, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 322, 1286, 1925, 590, 25078, 304, 671, 19912, 2305, 29889, 13, 29902, 29915, 29885, 925, 1811, 304, 679, 1250, 263, 8424, 310, 825, 306, 5714, 29892, 12789, 4746, 14419, 368, 373, 29263, 319, 5022, 322, 590, 664, 472, 5011, 265, 29889, 1094, 1472, 408, 306, 505, 590, 1487, 322, 590, 6413, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 2793, 29889, 1205, 2834, 756, 263, 2090, 1460, 982, 310, 27697, 366, 1073, 3721, 825, 366, 817, 29892, 322, 746, 263, 2906, 579, 1218, 368, 1361, 5372, 26507, 4257, 22990, 262, 367, 7932, 1975, 319, 5022, 472, 278, 14089, 29892, 306, 505, 304, 2050, 306, 1795, 367, 4567, 1554, 29889, 319, 760, 310, 592, 393, 471, 22822, 3448, 1472, 8020, 337, 1450, 557, 575, 29892, 322, 306, 1284, 6142, 3063, 472, 22990, 297, 263, 982, 306, 29915, 345, 451, 5148, 472, 263, 767, 297, 901, 1135, 263, 316, 6332, 29889, 13, 14084, 746, 306, 1348, 2712, 526, 6257, 304, 1106, 701, 29892, 590, 3186, 338, 6077, 24081, 680, 1623, 29889, 9603, 29879, 714, 393, 11781, 9007, 29915, 29873, 385, 11423, 29892, 322, 2712, 9455, 29915, 29873, 2675, 590, 982, 472, 599, 29889, 13, 3338, 2593, 262, 18588, 338, 278, 767, 2665, 1244, 304, 12088, 592, 29889, 13, 3596, 8277, 297, 278, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 3652, 508, 367, 1303, 408, 2317, 284, 2873, 29889, 2823, 278, 4152, 3652, 1244, 29901, 2045, 597, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 2909, 8899, 29914, 29926, 1280, 265, 29899, 10118, 29899, 8926, 29899, 13757, 29914, 13, 3970, 16173, 23328, 338, 263, 2317, 18785, 18881, 6017, 749, 1048, 13298, 638, 8965, 1100, 29892, 278, 15595, 24464, 5218, 3815, 12271, 310, 278, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 322, 2811, 340, 2598, 801, 273, 29892, 278, 4549, 29899, 29893, 24455, 9883, 310, 697, 310, 670, 5810 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.411561

-1.578761

-1.202238

-1.31193

players. Dominik is looking to win more than just a championship—he's looking to win Willow's heart. See what readers are saying about DOMINIK: ► Holy, sweet mother of pearl this book was worth the wait!! ► Hands down, my fav book in this series. ► I actually gasped out loud at one point in the book. You know what you did, Sawyer. YOU KNOW!!!!!! Download DOMINIK: Amazon | Nook | Apple | Kobo | Google | Print | Audible (narrated by Christian Fox and Erin Mallon) About DOMINIK: I built myself up from nothing. A product of the foster care system, I learned early on how to fight hard to get what I want. Whether it was starting my first company in college, earning my first billion, or buying my first professional sports team, I know how to get what I want, when I want it. Willow Monahan is fierce, independent, and hot as hell. She also takes great pleasure in shutting down my advances. The younger sister of one of my star players, Willow intrigues me to my very core. And while she may have willingly given me her body, she is hesitant to offer up more. Now I'm on a mission to find out why. I've decided to approach my desire for Willow like I've approached much of my life; with persistence, determination, and a whole lot of that Dominik Carlson alpha charm. Buying a hockey expansion team, building the Arizona Vengeance from the ground up, and bringing home a championship may prove to be an easier feat than winning Willow's heart. But I've never been a quitter. Willow Monahan… I'm coming for you. Code Name: Heist (Jameson Force Security, Book #3) I am a world-class thief. Or I was, before I got pinched and landed in prison. After I served my time, I decided to get on the right side of the law, or as much as my job at Jameson Force Security allows. The lines sometimes blur, which suits me just fine. My name might be Saint, but I'm a devil to most. My plan to go legitimate is going as anticipated, until my past and present collide in a big way. While in Paris preparing to take down a ring of highly specialized thieves, I come face-to-face with my biggest threat—and my most dangerous temptation. Sindaria "Sin" Westin was the love of my life, until her betrayal landed me behind bars. Now I've got to find a way to trust her again, at least long enough to pull off this job. When it becomes clear the price for this heist will be our lives, I realize I need to do whatever it takes to keep Sin safe, even if it means trading my life for hers. Because no matter the lies I've told myself, Sin's greatest theft was the day she stole my heart. Download Code Name: Heist: Amazon | B&N | Apple | Google Play | Kobo | Paperback | Audible We are staying the course in 2020, which means more Jameson Force Security, more Wicked Horse Vegas, more Arizona Vengeance. Here is what's coming in 2020! (click the book title for full details and links) Code Name: Heist (Jameson Force Security, Book #3) – releases January 7 They were once partners in crime and lovers, but her betrayal sent him to prison. Forced to work together once again, their past not distant enough to erase the feelings they once had, these lovers have a second chance. If they live long enough to see it. Dominik (Arizona Vengeance, Book #6) – releases February 18 He's the billionaire team owner of the Arizona Vengeance. She's the relationship averse sister of one of his star players. Thankfully, Dominik Carlson isn't one to back down from a challenge. Code Name: Hacker (Jameson Force Security, Book #4) – releases March 31 Having joined the team at Jameson after a stint in prison, Bebe Grimshaw is looking to start over and be a mom to the child she missed years with as a result of her sentence. But when a handsome stranger befriends her son at the park, she doesn't know that their meeting wasn't by chance

[ 10769, 29889, 13298, 638, 338, 3063, 304, 5401, 901, 1135, 925, 263, 22401, 30003, 354, 29915, 29879, 3063, 304, 5401, 2811, 340, 29915, 29879, 5192, 29889, 13, 13393, 825, 22176, 526, 5934, 1048, 12369, 1177, 23328, 29901, 13, 30318, 17733, 29892, 14225, 5637, 310, 282, 799, 29880, 445, 3143, 471, 7088, 278, 4480, 6824, 13, 30318, 379, 4167, 1623, 29892, 590, 5025, 3143, 297, 445, 3652, 29889, 13, 30318, 306, 2869, 330, 4692, 287, 714, 22526, 472, 697, 1298, 297, 278, 3143, 29889, 887, 1073, 825, 366, 1258, 29892, 317, 1450, 7598, 29889, 612, 27269, 476, 6632, 29956, 6824, 6824, 6824, 13, 22954, 12369, 1177, 23328, 29901, 13, 29909, 655, 6626, 891, 1939, 554, 891, 12113, 891, 28014, 29877, 891, 5087, 891, 13905, 891, 8612, 1821, 313, 29876, 2749, 630, 491, 6111, 14802, 322, 1425, 262, 23809, 265, 29897, 13, 28173, 12369, 1177, 23328, 29901, 13, 29902, 4240, 6142, 701, 515, 3078, 29889, 319, 3234, 310, 278, 9926, 261, 2562, 1788, 29892, 306, 10972, 4688, 373, 920, 304, 8589, 2898, 304, 679, 825, 306, 864, 29889, 26460, 372, 471, 6257, 590, 937, 5001, 297, 12755, 29892, 2326, 1076, 590, 937, 24464, 29892, 470, 1321, 5414, 590, 937, 10257, 14717, 3815, 29892, 306, 1073, 920, 304, 679, 825, 306, 864, 29892, 746, 306, 864, 372, 29889, 13, 12984, 340, 2598, 801, 273, 338, 21334, 346, 29892, 7417, 29892, 322, 7375, 408, 23927, 29889, 2296, 884, 4893, 2107, 15377, 297, 12522, 1259, 1623, 590, 3061, 2925, 29889, 450, 20023, 9883, 310, 697, 310, 590, 5810, 10769, 29892, 2811, 340, 11158, 335, 1041, 592, 304, 590, 1407, 7136, 29889, 1126, 1550, 1183, 1122, 505, 674, 11687, 2183, 592, 902, 3573, 29892, 1183, 338, 19066, 277, 424, 304, 5957, 701, 901, 29889, 2567, 306, 29915, 29885, 373, 263, 10655, 304, 1284, 714, 2020, 29889, 13, 29902, 29915, 345, 8459, 304, 2948, 590, 13521, 363, 2811, 340, 763, 306, 29915, 345, 26733, 1568, 310, 590, 2834, 29936, 411, 3736, 11416, 29892, 3683, 3381, 29892, 322, 263, 3353, 3287, 310, 393, 13298, 638, 8965, 1100, 15595, 21192, 29889, 5373, 5414, 263, 18881, 13184, 3815, 29892, 5214, 278, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 515, 278, 5962, 701, 29892, 322, 20794, 3271, 263, 22401, 1122, 6356, 304, 367, 385, 6775, 1238, 271, 1135, 15613, 2811, 340, 29915, 29879, 5192, 29889, 13, 6246, 306, 29915, 345, 2360, 1063, 263, 439, 5171, 29889, 13, 12984, 340, 2598, 801, 273, 30098, 306, 29915, 29885, 6421, 363, 366, 29889, 13, 3399, 4408, 29901, 940, 391, 313, 29470, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 6726, 396, 29941, 29897, 13, 29902, 626, 263, 3186, 29899, 1990, 266, 2575, 29889, 1394, 306, 471, 29892, 1434, 306, 2355, 12534, 26902, 322, 2982, 287, 297, 8475, 29889, 2860, 306, 6766, 590, 931, 29892, 306, 8459, 304, 679, 373, 278, 1492, 2625, 310, 278, 4307, 29892, 470, 408, 1568, 408, 590, 4982, 472, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 6511, 29889, 450, 3454, 6041, 1999, 332, 29892, 607, 480, 1169, 592, 925, 2691, 29889, 1619, 1024, 1795, 367, 4107, 29892, 541, 306, 29915, 29885, 263, 29754, 304, 1556, 29889, 13, 3421, 3814, 304, 748, 25204, 6490, 338, 2675, 408, 23483, 630, 29892, 2745, 590, 4940, 322, 2198, 784, 7459, 297, 263, 4802, 982, 29889, 5806, 297, 3681, 10223, 292, 304, 2125, 1623, 263, 9228, 310, 10712, 4266, 1891, 266, 17180, 29892, 306, 2041, 3700, 29899, 517, 29899, 2161, 411, 590, 24842, 28469, 30003, 392, 590, 1556, 18215, 25782, 362, 29889, 13, 29903, 513, 4568, 376, 29903, 262, 29908, 3122, 262, 471, 278, 5360, 310, 590, 2834, 29892, 2745, 902, 1010, 764, 284, 2982, 287, 592, 5742, 22306, 29889, 2567, 306, 29915, 345, 2355, 304, 1284, 263, 982, 304, 9311, 902, 1449, 29892, 472, 3203, 1472, 3307, 304, 8206, 1283, 445, 4982, 29889, 1932, 372, 7415, 2821, 278, 8666, 363, 445, 540, 391, 674, 367, 1749, 12080, 29892, 306, 16289, 306, 817, 304, 437, 6514, 372, 4893, 304, 3013, 8882, 9109, 29892, 1584, 565, 372, 2794, 3534, 292, 590, 2834, 363, 7955, 29889, 7311, 694, 4383, 278, 12185, 306, 29915, 345, 5429, 6142, 29892, 8882, 29915, 29879, 14176, 278, 615, 471, 278, 2462, 1183, 380, 1772, 590, 5192, 29889, 13, 22954, 5920, 4408, 29901, 940, 391, 29901, 13, 29909, 655, 6626, 891, 350, 29987, 29940, 891, 12113, 891, 5087, 7412, 891, 28014, 29877, 891, 349, 7202, 1627, 891, 8612, 1821, 13, 4806, 526, 7952, 292, 278, 3236, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29900, 29892, 607, 2794, 901, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 901, 399, 17840, 6912, 344, 17236, 294, 29892, 901, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 29889, 2266, 338, 825, 29915, 29879, 6421, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29900, 29991, 13, 29898, 3808, 278, 3143, 3611, 363, 2989, 4902, 322, 2988, 29897, 13, 3399, 4408, 29901, 940, 391, 313, 29470, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 6726, 396, 29941, 29897, 785, 27474, 5490, 29871, 29955, 13, 15597, 892, 2748, 22056, 297, 17268, 322, 658, 874, 29892, 541, 902, 1010, 764, 284, 2665, 1075, 304, 8475, 29889, 1152, 1133, 304, 664, 4208, 2748, 1449, 29892, 1009, 4940, 451, 21188, 3307, 304, 604, 559, 278, 21737, 896, 2748, 750, 29892, 1438, 658, 874, 505, 263, 1473, 8825, 29889, 960, 896, 5735, 1472, 3307, 304, 1074, 372, 29889, 13, 29928, 5817, 638, 313, 29909, 21198, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 6726, 396, 29953, 29897, 785, 27474, 6339, 29871, 29896, 29947, 13, 3868, 29915, 29879, 278, 24464, 5218, 3815, 12271, 310, 278, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 29889, 2296, 29915, 29879, 278, 9443, 263, 3901, 9883, 310, 697, 310, 670, 5810, 10769, 29889, 3374, 3730, 29892, 13298, 638, 8965, 1100, 3508, 29915, 29873, 697, 304, 1250, 1623, 515, 263, 18766, 29889, 13, 3399, 4408, 29901, 379, 28940, 313, 29470, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 6726, 396, 29946, 29897, 785, 27474, 4779, 29871, 29941, 29896, 13, 29950, 5555, 8772, 278, 3815, 472, 5011, 265, 1156, 263, 380, 524, 297, 8475, 29892, 350, 774, 29872, 1632, 326, 845, 1450, 338, 3063, 304, 1369, 975, 322, 367, 263, 16823, 304, 278, 2278, 1183, 13726, 2440, 411, 408, 263, 1121, 310, 902, 10541, 29889, 1205, 746, 263, 1361, 5372, 26507, 367, 7932, 1975, 902, 1487, 472, 278, 14089, 29892, 1183, 1838, 29915, 29873, 1073, 393, 1009, 11781, 9007, 29915, 29873, 491, 8825 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.91912

-0.945604

-0.851663

-1.067809

. He's the man sent to kill her. Rafe: An Arizona Vengeance Novella (1,001 Dark Nights) – releases April 28 He's been traded to the Carolina Cold Fury, a request granted to him after learning his dad had been diagnosed with terminal cancer. Now Rafe Simmons is back home in North Carolina, adjusting to a new reality. One that includes a second chance with his first, and only, love. Wicked Secret (Wicked Horse Vegas, Book #7) – releases May 26 They were first loves with plans for a future together, until one day she just vanished without a trace. A decade later, he opens the door to find her standing on his front porch, with a secret he never saw coming. Code Name: Ghost (Jameson Force Security, Book #5) – releases June 30 He's back in Pittsburgh following a mission gone deadly wrong. Riddled with guilt, plagued by nightmares, and struggling to make sense of what went wrong, Malik Fournier seeks solace in the arms of the last person he should. Wylde (Arizona Vengeance, Book #7) – releases August 4 He's the team playboy, a title he's quite happy holding. But when he meets a beautiful and quirky redhead at the local bookstore, he realizes it might just be time to make some changes in his life. Wicked Billionaire (Wicked Horse Vegas, Book #8) – releases September 15 A wealthy hotelier, born into a life of luxury and used to getting what he wants, sets his sights on a member of the housekeeping staff in one of his hotels. She wants nothing to do with him, but if there is one thing Declan Blackwood knows, it's that everyone has their price. Code Name: Rook (Jameson Force Security, Book #6) – releases October 27 Dating can be rough when you work for a highly specialized security company, and sometimes mistruths are necessary. But when the woman Cage Murdock has been dating unwittingly gets into trouble and the team at Jameson is forced to step in, he's got a lot of explaining to do. Right after he saves her life. Kane (Arizona Vengeance, Book #8) – releases December 8 New to the Arizona Vengeance, Kane has come to a conclusion…he's in love with his best friend. Now comes the hard part–convincing her to give them a chance at something more. #preorder Code Name: Heist: Amazon | Nook | Apple | Google | Kobo | Paperback 🎧 Audible (narrated by Joe Arden and Mackenzie Cartwright) I was living my dream until one phone call changed everything. As the second line center for the Arizona Vengeance, my mind has been on one thing—helping my team bring home a championship. But that all changed when I found out my dad had cancer and only months to live. In that moment, nothing mattered more than getting home to North Carolina to be by his side. That meant asking for the unthinkable—a trade to the Carolina Cold Fury. Now I'm home and when I'm not on the ice with my new team, I'm helping care for my dad. And in the midst of my grief, I find comfort from the one person I never expected. Calliope Ramirez stole my heart at a very young age. The beautiful, smart, headstrong girl next door, she was my first… everything. She has never forgiven me for leaving her, believing that I chose hockey over a future together. What she doesn't understand is that every decision I made was for her, and I've never given up hope that one day we'd be together again. Watching my dad slip away is a harsh reminder of how short life can be, and having Callie by my side makes me realize I was a damn fool before. That changes starting right now. Calliope Ramirez is mine and I'm not going to waste the second chance that I've been given. Please note: This novella will be on sale exclusively through Amazon only for the first 90 days. After that, the book will be available at all retailers in all ebook formats. But if you aren't a Kindle owner and don't want to wait, you can go to Amazon, download the free Kind

[ 29889, 940, 29915, 29879, 278, 767, 2665, 304, 12088, 902, 29889, 13, 29934, 29874, 1725, 29901, 530, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 2864, 3547, 313, 29896, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29896, 15317, 405, 5861, 29897, 785, 27474, 3786, 29871, 29906, 29947, 13, 3868, 29915, 29879, 1063, 3534, 287, 304, 278, 13397, 26731, 383, 2857, 29892, 263, 2009, 16896, 304, 1075, 1156, 6509, 670, 270, 328, 750, 1063, 24876, 2662, 411, 8638, 23900, 29889, 2567, 6981, 1725, 3439, 29885, 787, 338, 1250, 3271, 297, 4644, 13397, 29892, 10365, 292, 304, 263, 716, 16832, 29889, 3118, 393, 7805, 263, 1473, 8825, 411, 670, 937, 29892, 322, 871, 29892, 5360, 29889, 13, 29956, 17840, 10213, 313, 29956, 17840, 6912, 344, 17236, 294, 29892, 6726, 396, 29955, 29897, 785, 27474, 2610, 29871, 29906, 29953, 13, 15597, 892, 937, 12355, 267, 411, 13900, 363, 263, 5434, 4208, 29892, 2745, 697, 2462, 1183, 925, 1109, 3276, 1728, 263, 9637, 29889, 319, 316, 6332, 2678, 29892, 540, 13246, 278, 3050, 304, 1284, 902, 13407, 373, 670, 4565, 1277, 305, 29892, 411, 263, 7035, 540, 2360, 4446, 6421, 29889, 13, 3399, 4408, 29901, 28484, 313, 29470, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 6726, 396, 29945, 29897, 785, 27474, 5306, 29871, 29941, 29900, 13, 3868, 29915, 29879, 1250, 297, 27150, 13903, 1494, 263, 10655, 7695, 7123, 368, 2743, 29889, 390, 2205, 839, 411, 1410, 2782, 29892, 715, 351, 6742, 491, 4646, 3034, 267, 29892, 322, 20042, 304, 1207, 4060, 310, 825, 3512, 2743, 29892, 3792, 638, 383, 2905, 631, 1074, 2039, 899, 815, 297, 278, 10188, 310, 278, 1833, 2022, 540, 881, 29889, 13, 29956, 2904, 311, 313, 29909, 21198, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 6726, 396, 29955, 29897, 785, 27474, 3111, 29871, 29946, 13, 3868, 29915, 29879, 278, 3815, 1708, 19415, 29892, 263, 3611, 540, 29915, 29879, 3755, 9796, 13587, 29889, 1205, 746, 540, 28103, 263, 9560, 322, 439, 381, 3459, 2654, 2813, 472, 278, 1887, 3143, 8899, 29892, 540, 1855, 7093, 372, 1795, 925, 367, 931, 304, 1207, 777, 3620, 297, 670, 2834, 29889, 13, 29956, 17840, 6682, 291, 5218, 313, 29956, 17840, 6912, 344, 17236, 294, 29892, 6726, 396, 29947, 29897, 785, 27474, 3839, 29871, 29896, 29945, 13, 29909, 17173, 29891, 16730, 631, 29892, 6345, 964, 263, 2834, 310, 21684, 2857, 322, 1304, 304, 2805, 825, 540, 10753, 29892, 6166, 670, 269, 5861, 373, 263, 4509, 310, 278, 3699, 17462, 292, 13925, 297, 697, 310, 670, 7375, 1379, 29889, 2296, 10753, 3078, 304, 437, 411, 1075, 29892, 541, 565, 727, 338, 697, 2655, 3826, 6468, 6054, 6115, 9906, 29892, 372, 29915, 29879, 393, 14332, 756, 1009, 8666, 29889, 13, 3399, 4408, 29901, 1528, 554, 313, 29470, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 6726, 396, 29953, 29897, 785, 27474, 5533, 29871, 29906, 29955, 13, 29928, 1218, 508, 367, 12164, 746, 366, 664, 363, 263, 10712, 4266, 1891, 6993, 5001, 29892, 322, 6041, 286, 2132, 2806, 29879, 526, 5181, 29889, 1205, 746, 278, 6114, 315, 482, 7487, 29881, 1698, 756, 1063, 270, 1218, 18500, 5367, 368, 4947, 964, 7458, 322, 278, 3815, 472, 5011, 265, 338, 11826, 304, 4331, 297, 29892, 540, 29915, 29879, 2355, 263, 3287, 310, 24232, 304, 437, 29889, 10428, 1156, 540, 27401, 902, 2834, 29889, 13, 29968, 1662, 313, 29909, 21198, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 6726, 396, 29947, 29897, 785, 27474, 5846, 29871, 29947, 13, 4373, 304, 278, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 476, 1662, 756, 2041, 304, 263, 15997, 30098, 354, 29915, 29879, 297, 5360, 411, 670, 1900, 5121, 29889, 2567, 5304, 278, 2898, 760, 29994, 535, 3845, 3277, 902, 304, 2367, 963, 263, 8825, 472, 1554, 901, 29889, 13, 29937, 1457, 2098, 5920, 4408, 29901, 940, 391, 29901, 13, 29909, 655, 6626, 891, 1939, 554, 891, 12113, 891, 5087, 891, 28014, 29877, 891, 349, 7202, 1627, 13, 243, 162, 145, 170, 8612, 1821, 313, 29876, 2749, 630, 491, 11131, 826, 1145, 322, 21343, 264, 3914, 12370, 29893, 1266, 29897, 13, 29902, 471, 8471, 590, 12561, 2745, 697, 9008, 1246, 3939, 4129, 29889, 13, 2887, 278, 1473, 1196, 4818, 363, 278, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 29892, 590, 3458, 756, 1063, 373, 697, 2655, 30003, 8477, 292, 590, 3815, 6963, 3271, 263, 22401, 29889, 1205, 393, 599, 3939, 746, 306, 1476, 714, 590, 270, 328, 750, 23900, 322, 871, 7378, 304, 5735, 29889, 512, 393, 3256, 29892, 3078, 4383, 287, 901, 1135, 2805, 3271, 304, 4644, 13397, 304, 367, 491, 670, 2625, 29889, 2193, 6839, 6721, 363, 278, 443, 386, 682, 519, 30003, 29874, 11302, 304, 278, 13397, 26731, 383, 2857, 29889, 13, 10454, 306, 29915, 29885, 3271, 322, 746, 306, 29915, 29885, 451, 373, 278, 14890, 411, 590, 716, 3815, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 19912, 2562, 363, 590, 270, 328, 29889, 1126, 297, 278, 29214, 310, 590, 867, 2575, 29892, 306, 1284, 13016, 515, 278, 697, 2022, 306, 2360, 3806, 29889, 13, 7856, 492, 2300, 8292, 533, 29920, 380, 1772, 590, 5192, 472, 263, 1407, 4123, 5046, 29889, 450, 9560, 29892, 15040, 29892, 2343, 1110, 7826, 2446, 3050, 29892, 1183, 471, 590, 937, 30098, 4129, 29889, 2296, 756, 2360, 18879, 5428, 592, 363, 10124, 902, 29892, 1339, 15387, 393, 306, 12784, 18881, 975, 263, 5434, 4208, 29889, 1724, 1183, 1838, 29915, 29873, 2274, 338, 393, 1432, 10608, 306, 1754, 471, 363, 902, 29892, 322, 306, 29915, 345, 2360, 2183, 701, 4966, 393, 697, 2462, 591, 29915, 29881, 367, 4208, 1449, 29889, 13, 24709, 292, 590, 270, 328, 269, 3466, 3448, 338, 263, 4023, 845, 1083, 4995, 310, 920, 3273, 2834, 508, 367, 29892, 322, 2534, 8251, 347, 491, 590, 2625, 3732, 592, 16289, 306, 471, 263, 5625, 29876, 17928, 1434, 29889, 2193, 3620, 6257, 1492, 1286, 29889, 3037, 492, 2300, 8292, 533, 29920, 338, 7903, 322, 306, 29915, 29885, 451, 2675, 304, 19863, 278, 1473, 8825, 393, 306, 29915, 345, 1063, 2183, 29889, 13, 12148, 4443, 29901, 910, 2420, 3547, 674, 367, 373, 14686, 13489, 3598, 1549, 16631, 871, 363, 278, 937, 29871, 29929, 29900, 3841, 29889, 2860, 393, 29892, 278, 3143, 674, 367, 3625, 472, 599, 3240, 737, 414, 297, 599, 321, 2909, 21971, 29889, 1205, 565, 366, 9455, 29915, 29873, 263, 13187, 280, 12271, 322, 1016, 29915, 29873, 864, 304, 4480, 29892, 366, 508, 748, 304, 16631, 29892, 5142, 278, 3889, 13187 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.561827

-1.123238

-1.107198

-1.148761

le app for your favorite ebook reading device, and read this novella when it releases. * * FREE BOOK * * "No matter how down and dirty we get…no matter how hard or fast we go…it will always be making love, baby." #FREE for a limited time, OFF LIMITS is a standalone, enemies-to-lovers, contemporary romance within the Off Series. Download OFF LIMITS: Two years ago, Emily Burnham, had an epiphany about the shallowness of her life. And she made it her mission to become a different person…a better woman. Out from under the controlling thumb of her mother, Emily is tasting the real world for the first time. And she likes it. Nixon Caldwell has served his time in the Marine Corps, surviving two brutal tours in Afghanistan. He is back home, surrounded by what he likes best…isolation. It's certainly the easiest way to avoid confrontation of the consuming guilt that is weighing him down. When an accident brings Emily and Nix together, he soon learns he is not the master of his own fate. Struggling with his own pain, Nix tries to guard himself against Emily's charms. He wants her in his bed, but he doesn't want her in his heart. Having grabbed life by the horns, Emily wants it all. But is she willing to accept just the small part of himself that Nix is offering? Or can she reach the part of his soul that he has deemed to be Off Limits? As a former member of the United States Secret Service, I'm no stranger to putting my life on the line in the name of duty. Having left the nation's capital to re-settle in Pittsburgh, the skills I acquired during my tenure in Washington have made me a valued member of the team at Jameson Force Security. But when the President comes seeking a favor to protect his niece, I find myself on the fast track back to the Oval Office. Simply put… she's beyond brilliant. A nationally renowned energy scientist, Barrett Alexander is on the verge of a breakthrough that will change the world. Unfortunately, that has also made her the target of a suspected terrorist cell. And while Barrett doesn't believe she's in any real danger, the President isn't willing to take chances with her life. As the threats against Barrett become more calculated, I decide taking her on the run is her best chance of survival. Danger, isolation, and attraction ensure we grow closer than I'd ever thought possible. When I realize I want to keep her safe for reasons that have nothing to do with my job and everything to do with the woman I've fallen in love with, no one is safe from the hell I'll rain down on those that threaten her. Never in your wildest dreams could you begin to imagine all the filthy and depraved things that go on inside The Wicked Horse. Step inside and Woolf Jennings will make every one of your dirty fantasies come true. He's covered in a facade of deception. An enticing blend of multi-millionaire and hot-as-hell Wyoming rancher, those that think they know Woolf Jennings admire his abilities to preside as CEO of his family's cattle and oil empire. But only a privileged few truly understand what fuels the glitter of depravity in those gorgeous blue eyes. Only a few know he's opened up a sinfully erotic and private sex club named The Wicked Horse right at the base of the beautiful Teton Mountain range. Sweet Callie Hayes has returned home to Wyoming and is looking forward to starting her life over again. After a night of impetuosity, she's managed to put herself right in Woolf's line of sight… the man who she foolishly offered up her virginity to years ago and was flatly turned down. Now Woolf is seeing that Callie is all grown up and has a kinky side to her that leaves him as confused as it does turned on. Worse yet, both Callie's dirty desires and sweet heart are getting under his skin, and making Woolf question everything he's ever believed about himself. All books in the Wicked Horse series can be read as standalones. See the entire series here: https://sawyerbennett.com/bookstore/wicked-horse-series/ Download Wicked Fall (Wicked

[ 280, 623, 363, 596, 25448, 321, 2909, 5183, 4742, 29892, 322, 1303, 445, 2420, 3547, 746, 372, 27474, 29889, 13, 29930, 334, 383, 21661, 16437, 8949, 334, 334, 13, 29908, 3782, 4383, 920, 1623, 322, 26616, 591, 679, 30098, 1217, 4383, 920, 2898, 470, 5172, 591, 748, 30098, 277, 674, 2337, 367, 3907, 5360, 29892, 24354, 1213, 13, 29937, 29943, 21661, 363, 263, 9078, 931, 29892, 438, 4198, 27848, 29903, 338, 263, 2317, 18785, 29892, 22595, 29899, 517, 29899, 417, 874, 29892, 24952, 6017, 749, 2629, 278, 5947, 10488, 29889, 13, 22954, 438, 4198, 27848, 29903, 29901, 13, 13985, 2440, 8020, 29892, 2812, 2354, 16640, 3391, 29892, 750, 385, 321, 1631, 561, 1384, 1048, 278, 4091, 776, 404, 310, 902, 2834, 29889, 1126, 1183, 1754, 372, 902, 10655, 304, 4953, 263, 1422, 2022, 30098, 29874, 2253, 6114, 29889, 4451, 515, 1090, 278, 640, 22155, 28968, 310, 902, 5637, 29892, 2812, 2354, 338, 260, 579, 292, 278, 1855, 3186, 363, 278, 937, 931, 29889, 1126, 1183, 4188, 267, 372, 29889, 13, 29940, 28778, 315, 2741, 5872, 756, 6766, 670, 931, 297, 278, 15929, 16408, 29892, 10503, 4357, 1023, 26644, 284, 260, 2470, 297, 27135, 9777, 29889, 940, 338, 1250, 3271, 29892, 22047, 491, 825, 540, 4188, 267, 1900, 30098, 275, 22671, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 8959, 278, 19075, 982, 304, 4772, 21751, 362, 310, 278, 1136, 9929, 1410, 2782, 393, 338, 591, 1141, 292, 1075, 1623, 29889, 13, 10401, 385, 11423, 23522, 2812, 2354, 322, 405, 861, 4208, 29892, 540, 4720, 24298, 1983, 540, 338, 451, 278, 5835, 310, 670, 1914, 23779, 29889, 3767, 12981, 1847, 411, 670, 1914, 6788, 29892, 405, 861, 14335, 304, 8372, 3654, 2750, 2812, 2354, 29915, 29879, 1373, 1516, 29889, 940, 10753, 902, 297, 670, 6592, 29892, 541, 540, 1838, 29915, 29873, 864, 902, 297, 670, 5192, 29889, 13, 29950, 5555, 2646, 1327, 287, 2834, 491, 278, 25341, 29879, 29892, 2812, 2354, 10753, 372, 599, 29889, 1205, 338, 1183, 17762, 304, 3544, 925, 278, 2319, 760, 310, 3654, 393, 405, 861, 338, 27032, 29973, 1394, 508, 1183, 6159, 278, 760, 310, 670, 10752, 393, 540, 756, 316, 22580, 304, 367, 5947, 9628, 1169, 29973, 13, 2887, 263, 4642, 4509, 310, 278, 3303, 3900, 10213, 6692, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 694, 26507, 304, 10594, 590, 2834, 373, 278, 1196, 297, 278, 1024, 310, 13360, 29889, 15950, 2175, 278, 5233, 29915, 29879, 7483, 304, 337, 29899, 9915, 280, 297, 27150, 13903, 29892, 278, 25078, 306, 16692, 2645, 590, 3006, 545, 297, 7660, 505, 1754, 592, 263, 659, 6742, 4509, 310, 278, 3815, 472, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 29889, 1205, 746, 278, 7178, 5304, 25738, 263, 7853, 304, 12566, 670, 4930, 346, 29892, 306, 1284, 6142, 373, 278, 5172, 5702, 1250, 304, 278, 438, 791, 11367, 29889, 13, 29903, 6574, 368, 1925, 30098, 1183, 29915, 29879, 8724, 27592, 29889, 319, 5233, 635, 4325, 26689, 5864, 9638, 391, 29892, 2261, 13158, 9428, 338, 373, 278, 1147, 479, 310, 263, 2867, 20678, 393, 674, 1735, 278, 3186, 29889, 11511, 29892, 393, 756, 884, 1754, 902, 278, 3646, 310, 263, 2858, 6021, 15115, 391, 3038, 29889, 1126, 1550, 2261, 13158, 1838, 29915, 29873, 4658, 1183, 29915, 29879, 297, 738, 1855, 9703, 29892, 278, 7178, 3508, 29915, 29873, 17762, 304, 2125, 521, 2925, 411, 902, 2834, 29889, 13, 2887, 278, 12455, 1446, 2750, 2261, 13158, 4953, 901, 12833, 29892, 306, 11097, 5622, 902, 373, 278, 1065, 338, 902, 1900, 8825, 310, 10503, 2561, 29889, 360, 4600, 29892, 11695, 362, 29892, 322, 1098, 13857, 9801, 591, 6548, 17649, 1135, 306, 29915, 29881, 3926, 2714, 1950, 29889, 1932, 306, 16289, 306, 864, 304, 3013, 902, 9109, 363, 9590, 393, 505, 3078, 304, 437, 411, 590, 4982, 322, 4129, 304, 437, 411, 278, 6114, 306, 29915, 345, 19225, 297, 5360, 411, 29892, 694, 697, 338, 9109, 515, 278, 23927, 306, 29915, 645, 17251, 1623, 373, 1906, 393, 20616, 902, 29889, 13, 29940, 1310, 297, 596, 8775, 342, 12561, 29879, 1033, 366, 3380, 304, 14034, 599, 278, 977, 21155, 322, 1401, 336, 1490, 2712, 393, 748, 373, 2768, 450, 399, 17840, 6912, 344, 29889, 16696, 2768, 322, 399, 1507, 29888, 23774, 886, 674, 1207, 1432, 697, 310, 596, 26616, 13568, 294, 583, 2041, 1565, 29889, 13, 3868, 29915, 29879, 10664, 297, 263, 4024, 1943, 310, 316, 1441, 29889, 530, 875, 18499, 1999, 355, 310, 2473, 29899, 19958, 291, 5218, 322, 7375, 29899, 294, 29899, 14181, 10167, 28826, 6350, 4630, 29892, 1906, 393, 1348, 896, 1073, 399, 1507, 29888, 23774, 886, 7336, 533, 670, 633, 9770, 304, 2225, 680, 408, 14645, 29949, 310, 670, 3942, 29915, 29879, 27498, 322, 17182, 3710, 533, 29889, 1205, 871, 263, 14828, 3192, 2846, 19781, 2274, 825, 4084, 1379, 278, 3144, 5171, 310, 1401, 5705, 537, 297, 1906, 330, 3890, 681, 7254, 5076, 29889, 9333, 263, 2846, 1073, 540, 29915, 29879, 6496, 701, 263, 4457, 3730, 604, 13574, 322, 2024, 7916, 4402, 4257, 450, 399, 17840, 6912, 344, 1492, 472, 278, 2967, 310, 278, 9560, 323, 20666, 18204, 3464, 29889, 13, 29903, 16668, 8251, 347, 11389, 267, 756, 4133, 3271, 304, 10167, 28826, 322, 338, 3063, 6375, 304, 6257, 902, 2834, 975, 1449, 29889, 2860, 263, 4646, 310, 2411, 24120, 359, 537, 29892, 1183, 29915, 29879, 8745, 304, 1925, 8735, 1492, 297, 399, 1507, 29888, 29915, 29879, 1196, 310, 11126, 30098, 278, 767, 1058, 1183, 17928, 728, 368, 12520, 701, 902, 10636, 5359, 537, 304, 2440, 8020, 322, 471, 12151, 368, 6077, 1623, 29889, 13, 10454, 399, 1507, 29888, 338, 8790, 393, 8251, 347, 338, 599, 21633, 701, 322, 756, 263, 413, 682, 29891, 2625, 304, 902, 393, 11308, 1075, 408, 9613, 408, 372, 947, 6077, 373, 29889, 19662, 344, 3447, 29892, 1716, 8251, 347, 29915, 29879, 26616, 553, 2658, 322, 14225, 5192, 526, 2805, 1090, 670, 19309, 29892, 322, 3907, 399, 1507, 29888, 1139, 4129, 540, 29915, 29879, 3926, 13112, 1048, 3654, 29889, 13, 3596, 8277, 297, 278, 399, 17840, 6912, 344, 3652, 508, 367, 1303, 408, 2317, 284, 2873, 29889, 2823, 278, 4152, 3652, 1244, 29901, 2045, 597, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 2909, 8899, 29914, 6669, 287, 29899, 2015, 344, 29899, 13757, 29914, 13, 22954, 399, 17840, 14053, 313, 29956, 17840 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.071276

-0.737228

-0.906357

-1.128523

Horse, Book #1) for FREE (digital) for a limited time! #SaturdaySounds #AudioLove Yeah… might be one of the most difficult things I've ever been faced with. Barrett Alexander. "Your eyes are on my ass, aren't they?" Barrett's voice penetrates my thoughts, and I stumble again. I right myself, guiltily lowering my gaze down to the path so I can walk straight, but I mutter an admission, "Just a man, Barrett. Not a saint." She snorts in reply, so I defiantly look at her ass again, the whole way down. CODE NAME: SENTINEL is now available for #preorder at Audible! Narrated by Jason Clarke and Lucy Rivers, CODE NAME: SENTINEL releases September 10 —-> https://adbl.co/2Mnc130 First there was pain, and now there is just… nothing. No one can ever understand the losses I've suffered. A solitary existence that consists of my work and the empty house that serves as a constant reminder of all I have lost. After months of paralyzing emptiness, I turn to The Wicked Horse so I can feel something. Anything, really. Any shred of emotion that will explain why I'm still here. Any justification for why my life was spared and theirs were not. It's all in vain. Not even the debauchery of the notorious sex club can fill the hollowness that consumes me. Until she walks in. Absolutely perfect. Gorgeous and bends to my will. Gives me her body willingly, while expecting nothing more from me than the pleasure I offer her. And the more she gives, the more I find myself wanting to take. Wanting to crawl out of my personal hell for this wicked angel. All books in the Wicked Horse Vegas series can be read as standalones. See the entire series here: https://sawyerbennett.com/bookstore/the-wicked-horse-vegas-series/ I live my life to the fullest. Work hard as part of the team at Jameson Force Security but play just as hard at The Wicked Horse Vegas. I have no regrets about my life. She was my first love and the woman I wanted to spend my life with, but one day she was just gone. Vanished without a trace. My single remorse is never being able to find out what happened to her, because no matter how difficult the truth may be, it can't be as bad as never knowing at all. Until the day my past walks through the door and brings me to my knees with the secrets she holds. I knew the risks of this job when I signed on with Jameson Force Security. Knew my time as a marine would prepare me for the danger I would face. But no amount of training could have ever prepared me for the helplessness of watching my teammate die, the agonizing mental and physical pain of torture, or the despair of captivity. Returning home to Pittsburgh following a mission gone wrong, I am riddled with guilt and haunted by nightmares. I find solace from the last person I should ever seek such comfort. I pull her to me just as tightly as I push her away. Hoping this forbidden love will save me from the ghost I've become. One year ago, I graduated from law school and embarked on a career as a purveyor of high priced legal shenanigans. Six months ago, my boyfriend dumped me when I thought he might be proposing. Two weeks ago, I got drunk and joined a secret sex club. Two days ago, I had a torrid one-night stand with a stranger. Today? My one-night stand is no longer a stranger. Today, he's my new boss. Matt Connover is all kinds of forbidden temptation wrapped up in a deliciously wicked package, and he's made it clear… he's only interested in sex. My name is McKayla Dawson, and I work at the powerhouse firm of Connover & Crown, LLP, where the law has never felt so hot. But between you and me, I'm afraid my heart won't survive these Legal Affairs. Get Legal Affairs: McKayla's Story FREE for a limited time! Leg

[ 6912, 344, 29892, 6726, 396, 29896, 29897, 363, 383, 21661, 313, 7501, 2410, 29897, 363, 263, 9078, 931, 29991, 13, 29937, 29903, 20510, 29903, 3885, 396, 17111, 29931, 994, 15011, 30098, 1795, 367, 697, 310, 278, 1556, 5189, 2712, 306, 29915, 345, 3926, 1063, 20050, 411, 29889, 13, 4297, 13158, 9428, 29889, 13, 29908, 10858, 5076, 526, 373, 590, 1223, 29892, 9455, 29915, 29873, 896, 3026, 2261, 13158, 29915, 29879, 7314, 6584, 18184, 1078, 590, 13133, 29892, 322, 306, 380, 15563, 1449, 29889, 13, 29902, 1492, 6142, 29892, 1410, 309, 1376, 29891, 5224, 292, 590, 12642, 29872, 1623, 304, 278, 2224, 577, 306, 508, 6686, 7812, 29892, 541, 306, 5478, 357, 385, 594, 6737, 29892, 376, 14084, 263, 767, 29892, 2261, 13158, 29889, 2216, 263, 22635, 1213, 13, 13468, 5807, 441, 29879, 297, 8908, 29892, 577, 306, 822, 29875, 10835, 1106, 472, 902, 1223, 1449, 29892, 278, 3353, 982, 1623, 29889, 13, 16524, 27085, 29901, 317, 3919, 1177, 6670, 338, 1286, 3625, 363, 396, 1457, 2098, 472, 8612, 1821, 29991, 405, 2749, 630, 491, 21776, 15183, 446, 322, 28846, 390, 1536, 29892, 4810, 2287, 27085, 29901, 317, 3919, 1177, 6670, 27474, 3839, 29871, 29896, 29900, 813, 976, 2045, 597, 328, 2204, 29889, 1111, 29914, 29906, 29924, 17608, 29896, 29941, 29900, 13, 6730, 727, 471, 6788, 29892, 322, 1286, 727, 338, 925, 30098, 3078, 29889, 1939, 697, 508, 3926, 2274, 278, 28495, 306, 29915, 345, 17654, 29889, 319, 26373, 653, 10379, 393, 11624, 310, 590, 664, 322, 278, 4069, 3699, 393, 19700, 408, 263, 4868, 1083, 4995, 310, 599, 306, 505, 5714, 29889, 13, 13555, 7378, 310, 610, 284, 12339, 292, 953, 415, 3335, 29892, 306, 2507, 304, 450, 399, 17840, 6912, 344, 577, 306, 508, 4459, 1554, 29889, 530, 1541, 292, 29892, 2289, 29889, 3139, 528, 1127, 310, 953, 8194, 393, 674, 5649, 2020, 306, 29915, 29885, 1603, 1244, 29889, 3139, 925, 2450, 363, 2020, 590, 2834, 471, 805, 1965, 322, 1009, 29879, 892, 451, 29889, 13, 3112, 29915, 29879, 599, 297, 15722, 29889, 2216, 1584, 278, 2553, 13989, 708, 310, 278, 451, 23308, 7916, 4402, 508, 5445, 278, 298, 2952, 2264, 393, 1136, 9351, 592, 29889, 13, 29965, 20233, 1183, 17042, 2039, 297, 29889, 13, 4920, 2929, 11579, 4922, 29889, 402, 3890, 681, 322, 289, 1975, 304, 590, 674, 29889, 402, 3145, 592, 902, 3573, 674, 11687, 29892, 1550, 16120, 3078, 901, 515, 592, 1135, 278, 15377, 306, 5957, 902, 29889, 1126, 278, 901, 1183, 4076, 29892, 278, 901, 306, 1284, 6142, 24507, 304, 2125, 29889, 13, 29956, 424, 292, 304, 29349, 29880, 714, 310, 590, 7333, 23927, 363, 445, 281, 17840, 2614, 295, 29889, 13, 3596, 8277, 297, 278, 399, 17840, 6912, 344, 17236, 294, 3652, 508, 367, 1303, 408, 2317, 284, 2873, 29889, 2823, 278, 4152, 3652, 1244, 29901, 2045, 597, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 2909, 8899, 29914, 1552, 29899, 6669, 287, 29899, 2015, 344, 29899, 345, 25496, 29899, 13757, 29914, 13, 29902, 5735, 590, 2834, 304, 278, 2989, 342, 29889, 5244, 2898, 408, 760, 310, 278, 3815, 472, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 541, 1708, 925, 408, 2898, 472, 450, 399, 17840, 6912, 344, 17236, 294, 29889, 306, 505, 694, 1072, 27487, 1048, 590, 2834, 29889, 13, 13468, 471, 590, 937, 5360, 322, 278, 6114, 306, 5131, 304, 18864, 590, 2834, 411, 29892, 541, 697, 2462, 1183, 471, 925, 7695, 29889, 6556, 3276, 1728, 263, 9637, 29889, 1619, 2323, 1083, 272, 344, 338, 2360, 1641, 2221, 304, 1284, 714, 825, 9559, 304, 902, 29892, 1363, 694, 4383, 920, 5189, 278, 8760, 1122, 367, 29892, 372, 508, 29915, 29873, 367, 408, 4319, 408, 2360, 13797, 472, 599, 29889, 13, 29965, 20233, 278, 2462, 590, 4940, 17042, 2039, 1549, 278, 3050, 322, 23522, 592, 304, 590, 17905, 267, 411, 278, 22183, 1372, 1183, 8640, 29889, 13, 29902, 6363, 278, 5161, 2039, 310, 445, 4982, 746, 306, 8794, 373, 411, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 29889, 476, 1482, 590, 931, 408, 263, 23585, 723, 19012, 592, 363, 278, 9703, 306, 723, 3700, 29889, 1205, 694, 5253, 310, 6694, 1033, 505, 3926, 13240, 592, 363, 278, 1081, 572, 404, 2264, 310, 21217, 590, 3815, 25046, 762, 29892, 278, 946, 265, 5281, 19119, 322, 9128, 6788, 310, 16263, 545, 29892, 470, 278, 8913, 1466, 310, 4332, 2068, 29889, 7106, 292, 3271, 304, 27150, 13903, 1494, 263, 10655, 7695, 2743, 29892, 306, 626, 364, 2205, 839, 411, 1410, 2782, 322, 447, 28000, 491, 4646, 3034, 267, 29889, 306, 1284, 899, 815, 515, 278, 1833, 2022, 306, 881, 3926, 16508, 1316, 13016, 29889, 306, 8206, 902, 304, 592, 925, 408, 19932, 368, 408, 306, 5503, 902, 3448, 29889, 20727, 292, 445, 19752, 4215, 5360, 674, 4078, 592, 515, 278, 330, 3069, 306, 29915, 345, 4953, 29889, 13, 6716, 1629, 8020, 29892, 306, 23588, 515, 4307, 3762, 322, 7232, 935, 287, 373, 263, 6413, 408, 263, 3708, 6950, 272, 310, 1880, 544, 7612, 11706, 528, 264, 273, 335, 550, 29889, 13, 29903, 861, 7378, 8020, 29892, 590, 8023, 18326, 16766, 287, 592, 746, 306, 2714, 540, 1795, 367, 9551, 292, 29889, 13, 13985, 11405, 8020, 29892, 306, 2355, 4192, 2960, 322, 8772, 263, 7035, 7916, 4402, 29889, 13, 13985, 3841, 8020, 29892, 306, 750, 263, 4842, 2429, 697, 29899, 11147, 2317, 411, 263, 26507, 29889, 13, 29911, 397, 388, 29973, 1619, 697, 29899, 11147, 2317, 338, 694, 5520, 263, 26507, 29889, 13, 29911, 397, 388, 29892, 540, 29915, 29879, 590, 716, 289, 2209, 29889, 13, 29924, 1131, 1281, 29876, 957, 338, 599, 17690, 310, 19752, 4215, 25782, 362, 21021, 701, 297, 263, 628, 1654, 5794, 281, 17840, 3577, 29892, 322, 540, 29915, 29879, 1754, 372, 2821, 30098, 540, 29915, 29879, 871, 8852, 297, 7916, 29889, 13, 3421, 1024, 338, 24053, 388, 433, 29461, 1100, 29892, 322, 306, 664, 472, 278, 3081, 8697, 9226, 310, 1281, 29876, 957, 669, 25306, 29892, 365, 13208, 29892, 988, 278, 4307, 756, 2360, 7091, 577, 7375, 29889, 13, 6246, 1546, 366, 322, 592, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 13421, 590, 5192, 2113, 29915, 29873, 10503, 573, 1438, 5682, 284, 26049, 29889, 13, 2577, 5682, 284, 26049, 29901, 24053, 388, 433, 29915, 29879, 13740, 383, 21661, 363, 263, 9078, 931, 29991, 13, 22988 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.022369

-0.899857

-1.265001

-1.330903

al Affairs: McKayla's Story is also available in print and audio!! Print | Audible (add it for just $7.49!!) The Arizona Vengeance is killing it on the ice. But one player can't seem to keep his eye on the puck—all thanks to the woman he just married to save her life. My name is Dax Monahan and hockey is my passion. And if you want to succeed in this sport you have to bust your ass 24/7. I've never had a hard time focusing on my career, but when my past comes knocking, no amount of training can prepare me for what lies on the other side of the door. Regan Miles was always like a sister to me. When a shared tragedy brings us face to face after several years, I'm shocked to see just how much she's changed. Gone is the shy, awkward little girl that always used to chase me and her brother around. Instead, I'm faced with a gorgeous woman who makes it damn hard to concentrate on anything but her. Turns out, she's in trouble, and the only way out is to get married. I surprise myself when I tell her to marry me. Order her, actually. And most shocking of all, she doesn't even hesitate before saying yes. So it's settled. We're getting hitched and she's moving to Arizona with me. All platonic, of course. The catch? I never knew I'd fall so hard for my best friend's little sister. Narrated by Shane East and Imogen Church ** A USA Today Bestselling Novel ** Years ago, they were in love. She was an up-and-coming superstar and he was the devilishly handsome security professional hired to keep her safe. They fell hard and fast, no matter how they tried to resist one another. But not everyone around them was happy about their relationship, and a string of lies and deceit destroyed what they once had. Having just taken the helm of a nationally renowned protective services company, Kynan McGrath is looking to rebrand and revamp his career. The newly crowned Jameson Force Security is moving from the glitz and glamour of Las Vegas to the mountainous steel town of Pittsburgh, and the last thing Kynan has time for is to deal with his past. More than a decade has passed since their split, but even a bruised and battered heart remembers its first love. So when Joslyn Meyers comes to him for help, Kynan reluctantly agrees to keep her safe from a terrifying stalker who keeps threatening her life. As the danger they face continues to intensify, Kynan realizes he'll stop at nothing to protect the woman who turned her back on him all those years ago. Because one thing is certain—no matter how hard he tries to convince himself otherwise, Joslyn still has his heart. Code Name: Genesis (Jameson Force Security, Book #1) Download Code Name: Genesis: Amazon | Nook | Apple | Google Play | Kobo | Amazon Print | B&N Print A reformed trial lawyer from North Carolina, Sawyer uses real life experience to create relatable, sexy stories that appeal to a wide array of readers. From new adult to erotic contemporary romance, Sawyer writes something for just about everyone. Sawyer likes her Bloody Marys strong, her martinis dirty, and her heroes a combination of the two. When not bringing fictional romance to life, Sawyer is a chauffeur, stylist, chef, maid, and personal assistant to a very active daughter, as well as full-time servant to her adorably naughty dogs. She believes in the good of others, and that a bad day can be cured with a great work-out, cake, or even better, both. Sawyer also writes general and women's fiction under the pen name S. Bennett and sweet romance under the name Juliette Poe. Connect with Sawyer: Facebook | Twitter | Instagram | Goodreads | Book+Main Bites | BookBub | Amazon | Newsletter | Master Blogger List 🎉🎉 AVAILABLE NOW AT BARNES & NOBLE!! 🎉🎉 YOU READ THAT RIGHT! Read CODE NAME: GENESIS now on NOOK, or order a copy for your bookshelf

[ 284, 26049, 29901, 24053, 388, 433, 29915, 29879, 13740, 338, 884, 3625, 297, 1596, 322, 10348, 6824, 13, 11816, 891, 8612, 1821, 313, 1202, 372, 363, 925, 395, 29955, 29889, 29946, 29929, 6824, 29897, 13, 1576, 23716, 9548, 479, 749, 338, 23393, 372, 373, 278, 14890, 29889, 1205, 697, 4847, 508, 29915, 29873, 2833, 304, 3013, 670, 10977, 373, 278, 2653, 384, 30003, 497, 3969, 304, 278, 6114, 540, 925, 8300, 304, 4078, 902, 2834, 29889, 13, 3421, 1024, 338, 360, 1165, 2598, 801, 273, 322, 18881, 338, 590, 15935, 29889, 1126, 565, 366, 864, 304, 9269, 297, 445, 7980, 366, 505, 304, 289, 504, 596, 1223, 29871, 29906, 29946, 29914, 29955, 29889, 306, 29915, 345, 2360, 750, 263, 2898, 931, 12789, 4746, 373, 590, 6413, 29892, 541, 746, 590, 4940, 5304, 18232, 292, 29892, 694, 5253, 310, 6694, 508, 19012, 592, 363, 825, 12185, 373, 278, 916, 2625, 310, 278, 3050, 29889, 13, 4597, 273, 3833, 267, 471, 2337, 763, 263, 9883, 304, 592, 29889, 1932, 263, 7258, 1020, 3192, 29891, 23522, 502, 3700, 304, 3700, 1156, 3196, 2440, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 19253, 287, 304, 1074, 925, 920, 1568, 1183, 29915, 29879, 3939, 29889, 402, 650, 338, 278, 528, 29891, 29892, 13689, 1328, 2217, 7826, 393, 2337, 1304, 304, 521, 559, 592, 322, 902, 8099, 2820, 29889, 8669, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 20050, 411, 263, 330, 3890, 681, 6114, 1058, 3732, 372, 5625, 29876, 2898, 304, 10484, 10492, 373, 3099, 541, 902, 29889, 13, 27407, 29879, 714, 29892, 1183, 29915, 29879, 297, 7458, 29892, 322, 278, 871, 982, 714, 338, 304, 679, 8300, 29889, 13, 29902, 16671, 6142, 746, 306, 2649, 902, 304, 20479, 592, 29889, 8170, 902, 29892, 2869, 29889, 1126, 1556, 19253, 292, 310, 599, 29892, 1183, 1838, 29915, 29873, 1584, 19066, 10388, 1434, 5934, 4874, 29889, 13, 6295, 372, 29915, 29879, 17141, 29889, 1334, 29915, 276, 2805, 298, 2335, 287, 322, 1183, 29915, 29879, 8401, 304, 23716, 411, 592, 29889, 2178, 18870, 8927, 29892, 310, 3236, 29889, 13, 1576, 4380, 29973, 13, 29902, 2360, 6363, 306, 29915, 29881, 6416, 577, 2898, 363, 590, 1900, 5121, 29915, 29879, 2217, 9883, 29889, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 1383, 1662, 6932, 322, 1954, 6352, 6291, 13, 1068, 319, 8278, 20628, 6407, 29879, 7807, 2864, 295, 3579, 13, 12883, 29879, 8020, 29892, 896, 892, 297, 5360, 29889, 2296, 471, 385, 701, 29899, 392, 29899, 11506, 2428, 8508, 322, 540, 471, 278, 29754, 728, 368, 1361, 5372, 6993, 10257, 298, 2859, 304, 3013, 902, 9109, 29889, 2688, 8379, 2898, 322, 5172, 29892, 694, 4383, 920, 896, 1898, 304, 9241, 697, 1790, 29889, 1205, 451, 14332, 2820, 963, 471, 9796, 1048, 1009, 9443, 29892, 322, 263, 1347, 310, 12185, 322, 23332, 277, 14416, 825, 896, 2748, 750, 29889, 13, 29950, 5555, 925, 4586, 278, 1081, 29885, 310, 263, 5233, 635, 4325, 26689, 12566, 573, 5786, 5001, 29892, 476, 948, 273, 4052, 3338, 493, 338, 3063, 304, 337, 16472, 322, 6664, 1160, 670, 6413, 29889, 450, 15141, 20844, 287, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 338, 8401, 515, 278, 3144, 2784, 322, 3144, 27419, 310, 7413, 17236, 294, 304, 278, 14378, 681, 22973, 4726, 310, 27150, 13903, 29892, 322, 278, 1833, 2655, 476, 948, 273, 756, 931, 363, 338, 304, 5376, 411, 670, 4940, 29889, 13, 20761, 1135, 263, 316, 6332, 756, 4502, 1951, 1009, 6219, 29892, 541, 1584, 263, 19702, 3368, 322, 10193, 287, 5192, 1083, 13415, 967, 937, 5360, 29889, 1105, 746, 5875, 13493, 18154, 414, 5304, 304, 1075, 363, 1371, 29892, 476, 948, 273, 1104, 5313, 10835, 8571, 267, 304, 3013, 902, 9109, 515, 263, 1935, 29878, 9215, 380, 2235, 261, 1058, 14874, 20616, 292, 902, 2834, 29889, 13, 2887, 278, 9703, 896, 3700, 18172, 304, 12838, 1598, 29892, 476, 948, 273, 1855, 7093, 540, 29915, 645, 5040, 472, 3078, 304, 12566, 278, 6114, 1058, 6077, 902, 1250, 373, 1075, 599, 1906, 2440, 8020, 29889, 7311, 697, 2655, 338, 3058, 30003, 1217, 4383, 920, 2898, 540, 14335, 304, 7602, 1239, 3654, 6467, 29892, 5875, 13493, 1603, 756, 670, 5192, 29889, 13, 3399, 4408, 29901, 5739, 6656, 313, 29470, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 6726, 396, 29896, 29897, 13, 22954, 5920, 4408, 29901, 5739, 6656, 29901, 13, 29909, 655, 6626, 891, 1939, 554, 891, 12113, 891, 5087, 7412, 891, 28014, 29877, 891, 16631, 13905, 891, 350, 29987, 29940, 13905, 13, 29909, 11736, 287, 14260, 25008, 515, 4644, 13397, 29892, 317, 1450, 7598, 3913, 1855, 2834, 7271, 304, 1653, 1104, 17219, 29892, 409, 3594, 15874, 393, 25530, 304, 263, 9377, 1409, 310, 22176, 29889, 3645, 716, 16157, 304, 604, 13574, 24952, 6017, 749, 29892, 317, 1450, 7598, 15873, 1554, 363, 925, 1048, 14332, 29889, 13, 29903, 1450, 7598, 4188, 267, 902, 11447, 1486, 6182, 29879, 4549, 29892, 902, 14436, 262, 275, 26616, 29892, 322, 902, 13444, 267, 263, 10296, 310, 278, 1023, 29889, 1932, 451, 20794, 26797, 1848, 6017, 749, 304, 2834, 29892, 317, 1450, 7598, 338, 263, 521, 28411, 5411, 29892, 15877, 1761, 29892, 14547, 29892, 611, 333, 29892, 322, 7333, 20255, 304, 263, 1407, 6136, 8750, 29892, 408, 1532, 408, 2989, 29899, 2230, 21649, 304, 902, 594, 272, 2197, 302, 6482, 29891, 26361, 29889, 2296, 1339, 17180, 297, 278, 1781, 310, 4045, 29892, 322, 393, 263, 4319, 2462, 508, 367, 274, 2955, 411, 263, 2107, 664, 29899, 449, 29892, 274, 1296, 29892, 470, 1584, 2253, 29892, 1716, 29889, 13, 29903, 1450, 7598, 884, 15873, 2498, 322, 5866, 29915, 29879, 24159, 1090, 278, 6584, 1024, 317, 29889, 4111, 20764, 322, 14225, 6017, 749, 1090, 278, 1024, 2739, 2035, 371, 3929, 29872, 29889, 13, 17918, 411, 317, 1450, 7598, 29901, 13, 23360, 2909, 891, 20147, 891, 2799, 14442, 891, 7197, 949, 29879, 891, 6726, 29974, 6330, 350, 3246, 891, 6726, 29933, 431, 891, 16631, 891, 10130, 15670, 891, 9082, 350, 21707, 2391, 13, 243, 162, 145, 140, 243, 162, 145, 140, 16884, 29909, 6227, 6181, 405, 9806, 15531, 350, 15249, 2890, 669, 11698, 29933, 1307, 6824, 29871, 243, 162, 145, 140, 243, 162, 145, 140, 13, 29979, 27269, 5195, 3035, 3446, 1299, 390, 22530, 29991, 7523, 4810, 2287, 27085, 29901, 402, 1430, 2890, 3235, 1286, 373, 11698, 8949, 29892, 470, 1797, 263, 3509, 363, 596, 3143, 845, 761 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.044105

-1.049264

-1.110784

-0.909699

from Barnes & Noble!! This second chance, romantic suspense standalone releases at all retailers on May 7. #oneclick CODE NAME: GENESIS at Barnes & Noble: ► B&N: http://bit.ly/2HiPD9t ► BN print: http://bit.ly/2G8a7yZ #preorder CODE NAME: GENESIS at all other retailers (releases May 7) ► Amazon: https://amzn.to/2Dkp8N0 ► Apple: https://apple.co/2T1Z0fh ► Google Play: http://bit.ly/2FSuuR1 ► Kobo: http://bit.ly/2W3MVrx ► Amazon print: https://amzn.to/2WSpgdq Get an alert when CODE NAME: GENESIS goes live! ► Sign up for the newsletter here: https://sawyerbennett.com/signup. ► You can also text ROMANCE to 474747 to receive a text alert. #romanticsuspense #jamesonforcesecurity #secondchanceromance#kynanmcgrath #military #security #contemporaryromance #comingsoon Just who is the man behind Jameson Force Security? Kynan McGrath is SO. MUCH. MORE. than just a pretty face! Check out the intro to Kynan below to learn more about this strong, focused, passionate, alpha man who has been tasked with protecting the only woman he has ever loved. ➡️ NOOK readers! You'll get Code Name: Genesis a whole week early (4/30) —-> http://bit.ly/2HiPD9t ➡️ Preorder CODE NAME: GENESIS: ➡️ READ CHAPTER ONE of Code Name: Genesis now: http://bit.ly/Genesis_Chapter1 ➡️ GIVEAWAYS!! ► Enter to win one of TEN signed paperbacks at Goodreads: http://bit.ly/GenesisGA_GR ► Enter to win the Coach Undercover Pack: http://bit.ly/Genesis_1 ► Enter to win a Sawyer Bennett signed paperback set: http://bit.ly/Genesis_2 ➡️ Get an alert when CODE NAME: GENESIS goes live! https://sawyerbennett.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/GenesisWhoIsKynanFINAL.mp4 We are just 18 days away from the release of CODE NAME: GENESIS (11 days for NOOK readers!!), and for this week's Jameson Force Friday we're taking a peek inside! It's on the long-ish side, but I think you'll enjoy this one. Be sure to read all the way to the bottom for preorder links and info on a couple of giveaways!! ** Don't forget to stop by the comments and let me know what you think! ** "Let me get changed and we can gorge on some pizza," I say with a grin. "It cures all woes." Kynan pulls one hand from his pocket, then makes a motion with his index finger for me to spin around. "I'll unzip your dress." The warm rumble of words—his commanding tone—all of it hits me straight between my legs. Shaking my head to clear it, I take in a long breath. It doesn't mean a thing. I turn away from Kynan, pulling my long hair over one shoulder to reveal the zipper. My ears strain to hear him, but he approaches me silently. Then a large hand comes to my shoulder, warm and heavy. The other goes to the zipper, and he starts to lower it ever so slowly. He's standing close because I can feel heat coming off his body. His breath hits the nape of my neck. Is this a seduction or is he being neighborly? I can't help but snort at the thought, and Kynan's hand stops midway down my back. "What's so funny?" Well, fuck… might as well be honest. I give a slight clearing of my throat. "I was just wondering if you were being neighborly by helping me with my zipper or if you

[ 515, 2261, 4515, 669, 1939, 569, 6824, 910, 1473, 8825, 29892, 6017, 7716, 8872, 1947, 2317, 18785, 27474, 472, 599, 3240, 737, 414, 373, 2610, 29871, 29955, 29889, 13, 29937, 650, 3808, 4810, 2287, 27085, 29901, 402, 1430, 2890, 3235, 472, 2261, 4515, 669, 1939, 569, 29901, 13, 30318, 350, 29987, 29940, 29901, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 29906, 18567, 25014, 29929, 29873, 13, 30318, 350, 29940, 1596, 29901, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 29906, 29954, 29947, 29874, 29955, 29891, 29999, 13, 29937, 1457, 2098, 4810, 2287, 27085, 29901, 402, 1430, 2890, 3235, 472, 599, 916, 3240, 737, 414, 313, 276, 17836, 2610, 29871, 29955, 29897, 13, 30318, 16631, 29901, 2045, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 29928, 29895, 29886, 29947, 29940, 29900, 13, 30318, 12113, 29901, 2045, 597, 11548, 29889, 1111, 29914, 29906, 29911, 29896, 29999, 29900, 29888, 29882, 13, 30318, 5087, 7412, 29901, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 29906, 29943, 5091, 29884, 29934, 29896, 13, 30318, 28014, 29877, 29901, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 29906, 29956, 29941, 29924, 29963, 17697, 13, 30318, 16631, 1596, 29901, 2045, 597, 314, 3749, 29889, 517, 29914, 29906, 7811, 4061, 29881, 29939, 13, 2577, 385, 6655, 746, 4810, 2287, 27085, 29901, 402, 1430, 2890, 3235, 5771, 5735, 29991, 13, 30318, 9954, 701, 363, 278, 9763, 15670, 1244, 29901, 2045, 597, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 4530, 786, 29889, 13, 30318, 887, 508, 884, 1426, 16641, 27616, 4741, 304, 29871, 29946, 29955, 29946, 29955, 29946, 29955, 304, 7150, 263, 1426, 6655, 29889, 13, 29937, 456, 22614, 375, 29886, 1947, 396, 29926, 1280, 265, 1454, 778, 687, 7710, 396, 7496, 5083, 2265, 290, 749, 29937, 29895, 948, 273, 14047, 629, 493, 396, 23853, 277, 653, 396, 8926, 396, 1285, 9059, 653, 456, 749, 396, 11506, 578, 265, 13, 14084, 1058, 338, 278, 767, 5742, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 29973, 476, 948, 273, 4052, 3338, 493, 338, 7791, 29889, 341, 29965, 3210, 29889, 16999, 1525, 29889, 1135, 925, 263, 5051, 3700, 29991, 5399, 714, 278, 22909, 304, 476, 948, 273, 2400, 304, 5110, 901, 1048, 445, 4549, 29892, 21309, 29892, 15935, 403, 29892, 15595, 767, 1058, 756, 1063, 3414, 287, 411, 12566, 292, 278, 871, 6114, 540, 756, 3926, 18012, 29889, 13, 229, 161, 164, 30598, 11698, 8949, 22176, 29991, 887, 29915, 645, 679, 5920, 4408, 29901, 5739, 6656, 263, 3353, 4723, 4688, 313, 29946, 29914, 29941, 29900, 29897, 813, 976, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 29906, 18567, 25014, 29929, 29873, 13, 229, 161, 164, 30598, 4721, 2098, 4810, 2287, 27085, 29901, 402, 1430, 2890, 3235, 29901, 13, 229, 161, 164, 30598, 5195, 3035, 12689, 6732, 29923, 310, 5920, 4408, 29901, 5739, 6656, 1286, 29901, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 15462, 6656, 29918, 1451, 3314, 29896, 13, 229, 161, 164, 30598, 402, 18474, 29909, 12982, 21554, 6824, 13, 30318, 9041, 304, 5401, 697, 310, 323, 1430, 8794, 5650, 1627, 29879, 472, 7197, 949, 29879, 29901, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 15462, 6656, 12739, 29918, 14345, 13, 30318, 9041, 304, 5401, 278, 3189, 496, 7634, 11911, 18744, 29901, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 15462, 6656, 29918, 29896, 13, 30318, 9041, 304, 5401, 263, 317, 1450, 7598, 4111, 20764, 8794, 5650, 1627, 731, 29901, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 15462, 6656, 29918, 29906, 13, 229, 161, 164, 30598, 3617, 385, 6655, 746, 4810, 2287, 27085, 29901, 402, 1430, 2890, 3235, 5771, 5735, 29991, 13, 991, 597, 29879, 1450, 7598, 1785, 20764, 29889, 510, 29914, 11912, 29899, 3051, 29914, 9009, 29879, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29929, 29914, 29900, 29946, 29914, 15462, 6656, 22110, 3624, 29968, 948, 273, 29943, 1177, 1964, 29889, 1526, 29946, 13, 4806, 526, 925, 29871, 29896, 29947, 3841, 3448, 515, 278, 6507, 310, 4810, 2287, 27085, 29901, 402, 1430, 2890, 3235, 313, 29896, 29896, 3841, 363, 11698, 8949, 22176, 6824, 511, 322, 363, 445, 4723, 29915, 29879, 5011, 265, 11004, 28728, 591, 29915, 276, 5622, 263, 1236, 1416, 2768, 29991, 739, 29915, 29879, 373, 278, 1472, 29899, 728, 2625, 29892, 541, 306, 1348, 366, 29915, 645, 13389, 445, 697, 29889, 1522, 1854, 304, 1303, 599, 278, 982, 304, 278, 5970, 363, 758, 2098, 2988, 322, 5235, 373, 263, 7303, 310, 2367, 1450, 1036, 6824, 13, 1068, 3872, 29915, 29873, 9566, 304, 5040, 491, 278, 6589, 322, 1235, 592, 1073, 825, 366, 1348, 29991, 3579, 13, 29908, 12024, 592, 679, 3939, 322, 591, 508, 330, 3890, 373, 777, 282, 24990, 1699, 306, 1827, 411, 263, 867, 262, 29889, 376, 3112, 274, 1973, 599, 8879, 267, 1213, 13, 29968, 948, 273, 8206, 29879, 697, 1361, 515, 670, 24589, 29892, 769, 3732, 263, 10884, 411, 670, 2380, 19917, 363, 592, 304, 10917, 2820, 29889, 376, 29902, 29915, 645, 443, 7554, 596, 10714, 1213, 13, 1576, 14294, 364, 15563, 310, 3838, 30003, 22880, 1899, 292, 16225, 30003, 497, 310, 372, 19572, 592, 7812, 1546, 590, 21152, 29889, 1383, 5086, 590, 2343, 304, 2821, 372, 29892, 306, 2125, 297, 263, 1472, 16172, 29889, 739, 1838, 29915, 29873, 2099, 263, 2655, 29889, 13, 29902, 2507, 3448, 515, 476, 948, 273, 29892, 28420, 590, 1472, 11315, 975, 697, 23468, 304, 10320, 284, 278, 503, 29875, 2496, 29889, 1619, 22827, 5312, 262, 304, 8293, 1075, 29892, 541, 540, 13501, 592, 4047, 2705, 29889, 13, 11760, 263, 2919, 1361, 5304, 304, 590, 23468, 29892, 14294, 322, 9416, 29889, 450, 916, 5771, 304, 278, 503, 29875, 2496, 29892, 322, 540, 8665, 304, 5224, 372, 3926, 577, 14205, 29889, 940, 29915, 29879, 13407, 3802, 1363, 306, 508, 4459, 12871, 6421, 1283, 670, 3573, 29889, 3600, 16172, 19572, 278, 1055, 412, 310, 590, 18873, 29889, 13, 3624, 445, 263, 269, 6085, 428, 470, 338, 540, 1641, 12307, 368, 29973, 13, 29902, 508, 29915, 29873, 1371, 541, 5807, 441, 472, 278, 2714, 29892, 322, 476, 948, 273, 29915, 29879, 1361, 17726, 7145, 1582, 1623, 590, 1250, 29889, 376, 5618, 29915, 29879, 577, 2090, 1460, 3026, 13, 11284, 29892, 285, 2707, 30098, 1795, 408, 1532, 367, 15993, 29889, 306, 2367, 263, 7248, 2821, 292, 310, 590, 20961, 271, 29889, 376, 29902, 471, 925, 9873, 565, 366, 892, 1641, 12307, 368, 491, 19912, 592, 411, 590, 503, 29875, 2496, 470, 565, 366 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.262292

-1.683881

-1.745585

-1.693923

were trying to seduce me?" Kynan's voice is gentle but chiding with a hint of amusement. "If I was trying to seduce you, Jos, you'd know it. You wouldn't have to ask." I'm immediately disappointed. Damn it all to hell, I want him to seduce me. "For example," he says lightly, and he touches the bare skin revealed by the opened zipper. He slowly drags a knuckle down my spine. "I would perhaps touch you like this." My breath seems to freeze in my lungs. I hold absolutely still, even as I can feel goose bumps breaking free in the path of his grazing touch. "Or," he continues, his tone a little lower. Rougher. "I might do this." And then his lips are on my neck. I feel a waft of hot breath before his teeth graze over my skin, down along the slope of my shoulder. He bites me gently, then drags his tongue over the spot. My body isn't my own. I push my hips backward into him, needing to feel his body. And I do. Big and hard. Extremely hard in some places. Kynan lifts his face, rubs his bearded cheek over mine, and whispers, "I want inside you, Joslyn." Part of me is relieved by his words, because they're carnal and rooted in the need for release. There's nothing wrong with that. I want it, too, and we can keep this purely sexual. Love doesn't need to be part of this. It's not what made our chemistry great. "I want that, too," I say on one long exhale of contained breath. "But the risk, Jos," he says, and it's taunting. "What about the risk?" I can't help myself. My body wants more than my mind is willing to engage in, and I rotate my hips against the hard length of him. Kynan hisses, his hands dropping to my waist. His grip is tight, and he holds me still. "Are you going to risk it, Joslyn?" My mind is spinning. I want him inside of me, and I have no clue what he's talking about. "Risk what?" "Risk falling," he growls, then bites my neck again. "You know we're both on the edge. It will be so easy to tumble back again." I blink furiously, trying to process what he's saying. Is he telling me that feelings are involved for him, too? I pull slightly away, turning my neck so I can see him. "You're at risk?" He doesn't answer, but his eyes bore deep into mine. "I'm a different man than I was when you knew me twelve years ago, Jos. I'm harder. Rougher. My… appetites are a bit different. You might fall into something you're not ready for." "But what about you?" I press, needing to know this isn't a one-sided thing. "If it's just sex, let's agree on it. But if there's a chance it's more… I need to know the stakes." Kynan's eyes close slowly, but stay that way only a moment. When they open, they're determined. "There's never been a woman like you, Joslyn. In twelve bloody years, no one's ever come close. You're fucking right I'm at risk." Relief fills me as well as an overwhelming urgency to discover exactly what he means. A thrill of expectations rush up my spine as wetness floods my panties. Becoming emboldened, I move my hand backward to see just how different, cupping his hardness through his jeans. I squeeze him roughly. Kynan groans, thrusts his hips forward, then chuckles darkly in my ear. "Do you want that?" "Yes," I rasp. God, do I want it. "You're going to have to work for it." It takes a moment to process what he says, and I turn around to face him. It isn't lost on me that I have no clue how to proceed. I am the same nineteen-year-old girl who apparently hasn't led a very imaginative sex life since Kynan and I

[ 892, 1811, 304, 269, 6085, 346, 592, 3026, 13, 29968, 948, 273, 29915, 29879, 7314, 338, 9914, 541, 521, 4821, 411, 263, 13182, 310, 626, 22527, 29889, 376, 3644, 306, 471, 1811, 304, 269, 6085, 346, 366, 29892, 5875, 29892, 366, 29915, 29881, 1073, 372, 29889, 887, 7656, 29915, 29873, 505, 304, 2244, 1213, 13, 29902, 29915, 29885, 7389, 23451, 287, 29889, 13, 29928, 314, 29876, 372, 599, 304, 23927, 29892, 306, 864, 1075, 304, 269, 6085, 346, 592, 29889, 13, 29908, 2831, 1342, 1699, 540, 4083, 3578, 368, 29892, 322, 540, 6023, 267, 278, 16079, 19309, 17845, 491, 278, 6496, 503, 29875, 2496, 29889, 940, 14205, 8338, 29879, 263, 889, 2707, 280, 1623, 590, 805, 457, 29889, 376, 29902, 723, 6060, 6023, 366, 763, 445, 1213, 13, 3421, 16172, 2444, 304, 3889, 911, 297, 590, 301, 3085, 29889, 306, 4808, 13312, 1603, 29892, 1584, 408, 306, 508, 4459, 748, 852, 289, 17204, 16679, 3889, 297, 278, 2224, 310, 670, 2646, 19583, 6023, 29889, 13, 29908, 2816, 1699, 540, 18172, 29892, 670, 16225, 263, 2217, 5224, 29889, 390, 820, 261, 29889, 376, 29902, 1795, 437, 445, 1213, 13, 2855, 769, 670, 17186, 526, 373, 590, 18873, 29889, 306, 4459, 263, 281, 2051, 310, 7375, 16172, 1434, 670, 25287, 2646, 911, 975, 590, 19309, 29892, 1623, 3412, 278, 24968, 310, 590, 23468, 29889, 940, 2586, 267, 592, 330, 2705, 29892, 769, 8338, 29879, 670, 26820, 975, 278, 9758, 29889, 13, 3421, 3573, 3508, 29915, 29873, 590, 1914, 29889, 306, 5503, 590, 298, 4512, 1250, 1328, 964, 1075, 29892, 817, 292, 304, 4459, 670, 3573, 29889, 13, 2855, 306, 437, 29889, 13, 6970, 322, 2898, 29889, 13, 5647, 1745, 873, 2898, 297, 777, 7600, 29889, 13, 29968, 948, 273, 11747, 1372, 670, 3700, 29892, 14051, 29879, 670, 367, 25600, 923, 1416, 975, 7903, 29892, 322, 17352, 6774, 29892, 376, 29902, 864, 2768, 366, 29892, 5875, 13493, 1213, 13, 7439, 310, 592, 338, 1104, 6402, 491, 670, 3838, 29892, 1363, 896, 29915, 276, 1559, 20809, 322, 3876, 287, 297, 278, 817, 363, 6507, 29889, 1670, 29915, 29879, 3078, 2743, 411, 393, 29889, 306, 864, 372, 29892, 2086, 29892, 322, 591, 508, 3013, 445, 24837, 18287, 29889, 8155, 1838, 29915, 29873, 817, 304, 367, 760, 310, 445, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 451, 825, 1754, 1749, 8950, 6020, 2107, 29889, 13, 29908, 29902, 864, 393, 29892, 2086, 1699, 306, 1827, 373, 697, 1472, 429, 29882, 744, 310, 11122, 16172, 29889, 13, 29908, 6246, 278, 12045, 29892, 5875, 1699, 540, 4083, 29892, 322, 372, 29915, 29879, 11062, 348, 1259, 29889, 376, 5618, 1048, 278, 12045, 3026, 13, 29902, 508, 29915, 29873, 1371, 6142, 29889, 1619, 3573, 10753, 901, 1135, 590, 3458, 338, 17762, 304, 3033, 482, 297, 29892, 322, 306, 16734, 590, 298, 4512, 2750, 278, 2898, 3309, 310, 1075, 29889, 13, 29968, 948, 273, 670, 29879, 267, 29892, 670, 6567, 4441, 3262, 304, 590, 11324, 391, 29889, 3600, 330, 6472, 338, 19932, 29892, 322, 540, 8640, 592, 1603, 29889, 376, 17506, 366, 2675, 304, 12045, 372, 29892, 5875, 13493, 3026, 13, 3421, 3458, 338, 10917, 1076, 29889, 306, 864, 1075, 2768, 310, 592, 29892, 322, 306, 505, 694, 23960, 825, 540, 29915, 29879, 9963, 1048, 29889, 376, 29934, 3873, 825, 3026, 13, 29908, 29934, 3873, 20327, 1699, 540, 6548, 3137, 29892, 769, 2586, 267, 590, 18873, 1449, 29889, 376, 3492, 1073, 591, 29915, 276, 1716, 373, 278, 7636, 29889, 739, 674, 367, 577, 4780, 304, 260, 15563, 1250, 1449, 1213, 13, 29902, 1999, 682, 3261, 17365, 29892, 1811, 304, 1889, 825, 540, 29915, 29879, 5934, 29889, 1317, 540, 14509, 592, 393, 21737, 526, 9701, 363, 1075, 29892, 2086, 29973, 13, 29902, 8206, 10029, 3448, 29892, 14712, 590, 18873, 577, 306, 508, 1074, 1075, 29889, 376, 3492, 29915, 276, 472, 12045, 3026, 13, 3868, 1838, 29915, 29873, 1234, 29892, 541, 670, 5076, 23888, 6483, 964, 7903, 29889, 376, 29902, 29915, 29885, 263, 1422, 767, 1135, 306, 471, 746, 366, 6363, 592, 17680, 2440, 8020, 29892, 5875, 29889, 306, 29915, 29885, 22622, 29889, 390, 820, 261, 29889, 1619, 30098, 623, 300, 3246, 526, 263, 2586, 1422, 29889, 887, 1795, 6416, 964, 1554, 366, 29915, 276, 451, 7960, 363, 1213, 13, 29908, 6246, 825, 1048, 366, 3026, 306, 3965, 29892, 817, 292, 304, 1073, 445, 3508, 29915, 29873, 263, 697, 29899, 29879, 2618, 2655, 29889, 376, 3644, 372, 29915, 29879, 925, 7916, 29892, 1235, 29915, 29879, 8661, 373, 372, 29889, 1205, 565, 727, 29915, 29879, 263, 8825, 372, 29915, 29879, 901, 30098, 306, 817, 304, 1073, 278, 380, 6926, 1213, 13, 29968, 948, 273, 29915, 29879, 5076, 3802, 14205, 29892, 541, 7952, 393, 982, 871, 263, 3256, 29889, 1932, 896, 1722, 29892, 896, 29915, 276, 10087, 29889, 376, 8439, 29915, 29879, 2360, 1063, 263, 6114, 763, 366, 29892, 5875, 13493, 29889, 512, 17680, 6668, 1486, 2440, 29892, 694, 697, 29915, 29879, 3926, 2041, 3802, 29889, 887, 29915, 276, 285, 2707, 292, 1492, 306, 29915, 29885, 472, 12045, 1213, 13, 9662, 2575, 27793, 592, 408, 1532, 408, 385, 975, 1332, 295, 4056, 5065, 14703, 304, 6523, 3721, 825, 540, 2794, 29889, 319, 1468, 453, 310, 2149, 800, 364, 1878, 701, 590, 805, 457, 408, 7990, 2264, 5685, 19653, 590, 282, 424, 583, 29889, 13, 3629, 11506, 7232, 1025, 6419, 29892, 306, 4337, 590, 1361, 1250, 1328, 304, 1074, 925, 920, 1422, 29892, 2723, 3262, 670, 2898, 2264, 1549, 670, 1444, 550, 29889, 306, 269, 802, 29872, 911, 1075, 20928, 29889, 476, 948, 273, 4071, 550, 29892, 29684, 29879, 670, 298, 4512, 6375, 29892, 769, 521, 2707, 793, 6501, 368, 297, 590, 2326, 29889, 376, 6132, 366, 864, 393, 3026, 13, 29908, 8241, 1699, 306, 364, 4692, 29889, 4177, 29892, 437, 306, 864, 372, 29889, 13, 29908, 3492, 29915, 276, 2675, 304, 505, 304, 664, 363, 372, 1213, 13, 3112, 4893, 263, 3256, 304, 1889, 825, 540, 4083, 29892, 322, 306, 2507, 2820, 304, 3700, 1075, 29889, 739, 3508, 29915, 29873, 5714, 373, 592, 393, 306, 505, 694, 23960, 920, 304, 8469, 29889, 306, 626, 278, 1021, 17081, 2650, 264, 29899, 6360, 29899, 1025, 7826, 1058, 13229, 22602, 29915, 29873, 5331, 263, 1407, 6382, 262, 1230, 7916, 2834, 1951, 476, 948, 273, 322, 306 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.671746

-0.240096

-1.325971

-1.225918

split twelve years ago. But I do have something that has always been a part of my makeup, and I remember when there wasn't anything I wouldn't have done for this man had he asked. He definitely has something I want, and I'm willing to do what it takes to get it. Another realization. There's power in that as a woman. I smile as I place my hands on his belt buckle. "Tell me what you want me to do, and I'll do it." Fire flashes in Kynan's eyes as he bares his teeth in challenge. In a flash, he's pulling me hard into him for a kiss. His mouth covers mine. Consumes me from the inside out. One of his hands goes to the back of my head, the other to my ass to pull me flush against his hard cock. He rips his mouth from mine, biting at my lower lip along the way. The sting of it makes me ache with need. Rubbing a thumb roughly over my lower lip, Kynan's dark words thrill me beyond anything I could imagine. "I want something from you, Joslyn." My chest is heaving, and it's hard to formulate words. "What's that?" "Your mouth on me," he growls before flashing me a feral grin as he starts to take his belt off. I want to fall to my knees right this second, because he's asking me to. I'd gladly do it. I remember the taste of him from so long ago, and I want it on my tongue again. I loved the power of having him in my mouth. "Turn around," he orders gruffly. The hair on the nape up my neck prickles when his belt makes a hissing sound as he pulls it free from the loops. My legs start shaking, and I can feel how embarrassingly wet I am just from what little bit of foreplay we've had—mostly from his words and dark promises. I turn slowly away from him, staring blankly at the interior of my closet. "Hands behind your back." "Kynan," I murmur, not in defiance but in total supplication. "Now, kitten," he replies with a low chuckle. Kitten. He used to call me that. My hands go behind my back. Almost immediately, he's looping the thick leather of his belt around them. He cinches it tight to where I can't free myself, but there's not an ounce of pain with it. Kynan comes around to my front. I lower my gaze automatically, instinctually submissive although I've never been tied up in my life. "Oh, no you don't," he chides, putting his finger under my chin. He forces my eyes up to meet his. "You keep your eyes on me at all times. I promise you, Jos… you're in charge here." I shiver. "For now, that is," he amends. Shivers turn into full-body shudders. "Eyes on me," he says in reminder, then levels me with a rakish grin. "And get on your knees." ➡️ #preorder CODE NAME: GENESIS (Jameson Force Security, Book #1), coming May 7th: ► B&N: http://bit.ly/2HiPD9t <— releases 4/30 at B&N!! Kynan I normally wouldn't answer my phone while a gorgeous redhead was performing a strip tease in my bedroom, but it's Rachel Hart-Wright calling. As my second in charge at Jameson Force Security, she wouldn't call unless it was important. Besides, I'm just cocky enough to take a business call while receiving personal pleasure. "This better be good, Hart," I say curtly after connecting. My gaze drifts ever so briefly to the almost-empty glass of scotch in my hand before going to the woman dry humping my bedpost to some rock song I don't recognize. She watches me through heavy-lidded eyes, knowing I'll reward her. "I don't know if good is the word," she drawls. "There's a lot of money involved, but you're not going to like who it's from." "If it's that bloody congressman who hired us to babysit his

[ 6219, 17680, 2440, 8020, 29889, 13, 6246, 306, 437, 505, 1554, 393, 756, 2337, 1063, 263, 760, 310, 590, 1207, 786, 29892, 322, 306, 6456, 746, 727, 9007, 29915, 29873, 3099, 306, 7656, 29915, 29873, 505, 2309, 363, 445, 767, 750, 540, 4433, 29889, 940, 11630, 756, 1554, 306, 864, 29892, 322, 306, 29915, 29885, 17762, 304, 437, 825, 372, 4893, 304, 679, 372, 29889, 13, 2744, 1228, 1855, 2133, 29889, 13, 8439, 29915, 29879, 3081, 297, 393, 408, 263, 6114, 29889, 13, 29902, 17819, 408, 306, 2058, 590, 6567, 373, 670, 1339, 29873, 1321, 384, 280, 29889, 376, 29911, 514, 592, 825, 366, 864, 592, 304, 437, 29892, 322, 306, 29915, 645, 437, 372, 1213, 13, 18654, 11013, 267, 297, 476, 948, 273, 29915, 29879, 5076, 408, 540, 2594, 267, 670, 25287, 297, 18766, 29889, 512, 263, 11013, 29892, 540, 29915, 29879, 28420, 592, 2898, 964, 1075, 363, 263, 20057, 29889, 3600, 13394, 18469, 7903, 29889, 2138, 9351, 592, 515, 278, 2768, 714, 29889, 3118, 310, 670, 6567, 5771, 304, 278, 1250, 310, 590, 2343, 29892, 278, 916, 304, 590, 1223, 304, 8206, 592, 28371, 2750, 670, 2898, 1302, 384, 29889, 13, 3868, 364, 4512, 670, 13394, 515, 7903, 29892, 2586, 292, 472, 590, 5224, 17441, 3412, 278, 982, 29889, 450, 380, 292, 310, 372, 3732, 592, 263, 1173, 411, 817, 29889, 13, 29934, 431, 10549, 263, 28968, 20928, 975, 590, 5224, 17441, 29892, 476, 948, 273, 29915, 29879, 6501, 3838, 1468, 453, 592, 8724, 3099, 306, 1033, 14034, 29889, 376, 29902, 864, 1554, 515, 366, 29892, 5875, 13493, 1213, 13, 3421, 521, 342, 338, 540, 5555, 29892, 322, 372, 29915, 29879, 2898, 304, 883, 5987, 3838, 29889, 376, 5618, 29915, 29879, 393, 3026, 13, 29908, 10858, 13394, 373, 592, 1699, 540, 6548, 3137, 1434, 11013, 292, 592, 263, 6013, 284, 867, 262, 408, 540, 8665, 304, 2125, 670, 1339, 29873, 1283, 29889, 13, 29902, 864, 304, 6416, 304, 590, 17905, 267, 1492, 445, 1473, 29892, 1363, 540, 29915, 29879, 6721, 592, 304, 29889, 306, 29915, 29881, 10932, 368, 437, 372, 29889, 306, 6456, 278, 21779, 310, 1075, 515, 577, 1472, 8020, 29892, 322, 306, 864, 372, 373, 590, 26820, 1449, 29889, 306, 18012, 278, 3081, 310, 2534, 1075, 297, 590, 13394, 29889, 13, 29908, 27407, 2820, 1699, 540, 11299, 4500, 600, 368, 29889, 450, 11315, 373, 278, 1055, 412, 701, 590, 18873, 544, 860, 793, 746, 670, 1339, 29873, 3732, 263, 670, 2976, 6047, 408, 540, 8206, 29879, 372, 3889, 515, 278, 12104, 29889, 13, 3421, 21152, 1369, 528, 5086, 29892, 322, 306, 508, 4459, 920, 21620, 26771, 11687, 7990, 306, 626, 925, 515, 825, 2217, 2586, 310, 26839, 1456, 591, 29915, 345, 750, 30003, 3242, 368, 515, 670, 3838, 322, 6501, 27584, 29889, 13, 29902, 2507, 14205, 3448, 515, 1075, 29892, 380, 4362, 9654, 368, 472, 278, 13290, 310, 590, 4694, 300, 29889, 13, 29908, 3481, 29879, 5742, 596, 1250, 1213, 13, 29908, 29968, 948, 273, 1699, 306, 25234, 332, 29892, 451, 297, 822, 8837, 541, 297, 3001, 1462, 1414, 29889, 13, 29908, 10454, 29892, 413, 16097, 1699, 540, 1634, 3687, 411, 263, 4482, 521, 2707, 280, 29889, 13, 13117, 841, 29889, 13, 3868, 1304, 304, 1246, 592, 393, 29889, 13, 3421, 6567, 748, 5742, 590, 1250, 29889, 838, 3242, 7389, 29892, 540, 29915, 29879, 26113, 278, 12003, 454, 1624, 310, 670, 1339, 29873, 2820, 963, 29889, 940, 4670, 6609, 372, 19932, 304, 988, 306, 508, 29915, 29873, 3889, 6142, 29892, 541, 727, 29915, 29879, 451, 385, 29871, 21543, 310, 6788, 411, 372, 29889, 13, 29968, 948, 273, 5304, 2820, 304, 590, 4565, 29889, 306, 5224, 590, 12642, 29872, 6336, 29892, 26508, 1474, 1014, 9894, 573, 5998, 306, 29915, 345, 2360, 1063, 21351, 701, 297, 590, 2834, 29889, 13, 29908, 9048, 29892, 694, 366, 1016, 29915, 29873, 1699, 540, 521, 2247, 29892, 10594, 670, 19917, 1090, 590, 521, 262, 29889, 940, 8249, 590, 5076, 701, 304, 5870, 670, 29889, 376, 3492, 3013, 596, 5076, 373, 592, 472, 599, 3064, 29889, 306, 11640, 366, 29892, 5875, 30098, 366, 29915, 276, 297, 8323, 1244, 1213, 13, 29902, 528, 2147, 29889, 13, 29908, 2831, 1286, 29892, 393, 338, 1699, 540, 626, 1975, 29889, 13, 2713, 1536, 2507, 964, 2989, 29899, 2587, 528, 566, 8623, 29889, 13, 29908, 29923, 3582, 373, 592, 1699, 540, 4083, 297, 1083, 4995, 29892, 769, 11174, 592, 411, 263, 1153, 29895, 728, 867, 262, 29889, 376, 2855, 679, 373, 596, 17905, 267, 1213, 13, 229, 161, 164, 30598, 396, 1457, 2098, 4810, 2287, 27085, 29901, 402, 1430, 2890, 3235, 313, 29470, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 6726, 396, 29896, 511, 6421, 2610, 29871, 29955, 386, 29901, 13, 30318, 350, 29987, 29940, 29901, 1732, 597, 2966, 29889, 368, 29914, 29906, 18567, 25014, 29929, 29873, 529, 30003, 27474, 29871, 29946, 29914, 29941, 29900, 472, 350, 29987, 29940, 6824, 13, 29968, 948, 273, 13, 29902, 12891, 7656, 29915, 29873, 1234, 590, 9008, 1550, 263, 330, 3890, 681, 2654, 2813, 471, 15859, 263, 17820, 734, 559, 297, 590, 6592, 8345, 29892, 541, 372, 29915, 29879, 23647, 295, 12321, 29899, 29956, 1266, 5432, 29889, 1094, 590, 1473, 297, 8323, 472, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 29892, 1183, 7656, 29915, 29873, 1246, 6521, 372, 471, 4100, 29889, 19065, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 925, 1302, 384, 29891, 3307, 304, 2125, 263, 5381, 1246, 1550, 13442, 7333, 15377, 29889, 13, 29908, 4013, 2253, 367, 1781, 29892, 12321, 1699, 306, 1827, 3151, 29873, 368, 1156, 16791, 29889, 1619, 12642, 29872, 4192, 17741, 3926, 577, 23359, 304, 278, 4359, 29899, 6310, 12917, 310, 885, 327, 305, 297, 590, 1361, 1434, 2675, 304, 278, 6114, 15589, 3165, 15702, 590, 6592, 2490, 304, 777, 7679, 4823, 306, 1016, 29915, 29873, 18720, 29889, 2296, 6505, 267, 592, 1549, 9416, 29899, 29880, 2205, 287, 5076, 29892, 13797, 306, 29915, 645, 20751, 902, 29889, 13, 29908, 29902, 1016, 29915, 29873, 1073, 565, 1781, 338, 278, 1734, 1699, 1183, 4216, 3137, 29889, 376, 8439, 29915, 29879, 263, 3287, 310, 6909, 9701, 29892, 541, 366, 29915, 276, 451, 2675, 304, 763, 1058, 372, 29915, 29879, 515, 1213, 13, 29908, 3644, 372, 29915, 29879, 393, 6668, 1486, 378, 3663, 1171, 1058, 298, 2859, 502, 304, 289, 370, 952, 277, 670 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.973461

-0.773485

-1.293693

-1.534548

duffer son, the answer is no." That job had taught me there are some things money can't buy. "What the hell is a 'duffer'?" Rachel asks. "Someone who's useless," I say distractedly as the woman in front of me peels off her bra, exposing gloriously perky tits. "You Brits have a funny way of talking," Rachel replies. "Why couldn't you just have said 'useless'?" I feel the corners of my mouth turn upward into an amused smile, but she'll never know. My tone is one of impatience when I mutter, "Just tell me what the job is, and I'll approve or deny it." "It's Joslyn Meyers." My blood pressure instantly spikes, and I tighten my fingers so hard on my glass I'm surprised it doesn't shatter. It's difficult not to yell into the phone, but there's no mistaking the force of my words. "Not only no, but hell no. Whatever she needs, the answer is a bloody fucking no." "I think you should listen—" "I said 'no'," I bark into the phone but then immediately lower my voice. "Now is there anything else we need to discuss that doesn't have to do with Joslyn Meyers, or can I get back to what I was doing before you tried to ruin my night?" "She's in serious trouble," Rachel snaps. "Don't care," I snarl. "Her life is in danger." Every muscle in my body goes rigid. A slight sweat breaks out on my forehead that has nothing to do with the redhead shimmying out of her panties. I give a hard shake of my head, wondering why Joslyn still has the power to affect me after all these years. Still, I manage to grit out between my teeth, "Don't. Care." "That's what you want me to tell her?" Rachel asks calmly. "I don't give a shit what you tell her, as long as the word 'no' is somewhere in your sentence." I push away every bit of the concern for Joslyn that's starting to rear its ugly head. "Refer her over to Miller's agency. They do protection detail just fine." There's a long moment of silence as Rachel digests what I'm saying. She's well aware of my enmity toward the world-famous Joslyn Meyers, and I can't understand why she wants to fight me on this. I let my eyes roam all over the now fully naked woman—who is indeed a natural redhead—hoping it will distract me from this distasteful conversation. "Fine," Rachel says with a sigh. I feel elated to have this matter resolved, but I choose to ignore the fact I'm also strangely unsettled because it isn't—not for Joslyn anyway. "I understand and respect your decision. But you can tell her yourself." It doesn't quite penetrate what happens next because before I know it, Joslyn's soft voice comes over the line. "Kynan," she says hesitantly. I bolt upward in my chair, my spine stiff and unrelenting. Setting my glass on the table beside me, I see nothing even though I'm staring at the dancing woman who is now touching herself in the naughtiest way. "Kynan," Joslyn says again. Her voice quavers with emotion. "I could really use your help." I scrub a hand over my face, blinking stupidly at the woman across my bedroom as her hand works between her legs. She moans softly, but it doesn't touch me at all. My jaw locks hard for a moment, and I tell myself to stay strong. "We're not taking on celebrity detail anymore. We can refer you to a good agency to fit your needs." Not the full truth, but she doesn't need to know that. The Jameson Group has expanded greatly over the last two years since I bought it from Jerico Jameson in a seven-million-dollar deal. The first thing I did was change the name to Jameson Force Security to better reflect my new business model. While the biggest chunk of our business is mainstream work—protecting celebrities and installing top-of-the-line security systems—our most lucrative contract

[ 868, 29888, 571, 1487, 29892, 278, 1234, 338, 694, 1213, 2193, 4982, 750, 16187, 592, 727, 526, 777, 2712, 6909, 508, 29915, 29873, 15649, 29889, 13, 29908, 5618, 278, 23927, 338, 263, 525, 700, 29888, 571, 29915, 3026, 23647, 295, 19514, 29889, 13, 29908, 9526, 650, 1058, 29915, 29879, 19315, 1699, 306, 1827, 1320, 1461, 23244, 408, 278, 6114, 297, 4565, 310, 592, 1236, 1379, 1283, 902, 4105, 29892, 14060, 292, 3144, 272, 17365, 639, 3459, 260, 1169, 29889, 13, 29908, 3492, 3230, 29879, 505, 263, 2090, 1460, 982, 310, 9963, 1699, 23647, 295, 1634, 3687, 29889, 376, 11008, 8496, 29915, 29873, 366, 925, 505, 1497, 525, 375, 6393, 29915, 3026, 13, 29902, 4459, 278, 26995, 310, 590, 13394, 2507, 701, 1328, 964, 385, 626, 3880, 17819, 29892, 541, 1183, 29915, 645, 2360, 1073, 29889, 1619, 16225, 338, 697, 310, 2411, 24701, 746, 306, 5478, 357, 29892, 376, 14084, 2649, 592, 825, 278, 4982, 338, 29892, 322, 306, 29915, 645, 2134, 345, 470, 972, 29891, 372, 1213, 13, 29908, 3112, 29915, 29879, 5875, 13493, 18154, 414, 1213, 13, 3421, 10416, 12959, 26232, 805, 29379, 29892, 322, 306, 19932, 264, 590, 23915, 577, 2898, 373, 590, 12917, 306, 29915, 29885, 18014, 372, 1838, 29915, 29873, 528, 2620, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 5189, 451, 304, 343, 514, 964, 278, 9008, 29892, 541, 727, 29915, 29879, 694, 5862, 5086, 278, 4889, 310, 590, 3838, 29889, 376, 3664, 871, 694, 29892, 541, 23927, 694, 29889, 806, 5564, 1183, 4225, 29892, 278, 1234, 338, 263, 6668, 1486, 285, 2707, 292, 694, 1213, 13, 29908, 29902, 1348, 366, 881, 11621, 30003, 29908, 13, 29908, 29902, 1497, 525, 1217, 742, 29908, 306, 289, 935, 964, 278, 9008, 541, 769, 7389, 5224, 590, 7314, 29889, 376, 10454, 338, 727, 3099, 1683, 591, 817, 304, 5353, 393, 1838, 29915, 29873, 505, 304, 437, 411, 5875, 13493, 18154, 414, 29892, 470, 508, 306, 679, 1250, 304, 825, 306, 471, 2599, 1434, 366, 1898, 304, 5796, 262, 590, 4646, 3026, 13, 29908, 13468, 29915, 29879, 297, 10676, 7458, 1699, 23647, 295, 5807, 2547, 29889, 13, 29908, 10310, 29915, 29873, 2562, 1699, 306, 5807, 279, 29880, 29889, 13, 29908, 18650, 2834, 338, 297, 9703, 1213, 13, 26526, 2301, 2841, 297, 590, 3573, 5771, 12912, 333, 29889, 319, 7248, 7901, 271, 16706, 714, 373, 590, 26839, 2813, 393, 756, 3078, 304, 437, 411, 278, 2654, 2813, 528, 326, 1357, 292, 714, 310, 902, 282, 424, 583, 29889, 306, 2367, 263, 2898, 528, 1296, 310, 590, 2343, 29892, 9873, 2020, 5875, 13493, 1603, 756, 278, 3081, 304, 6602, 592, 1156, 599, 1438, 2440, 29889, 12074, 29892, 306, 10933, 304, 330, 768, 714, 1546, 590, 25287, 29892, 376, 10310, 29915, 29873, 29889, 10057, 1213, 13, 29908, 7058, 29915, 29879, 825, 366, 864, 592, 304, 2649, 902, 3026, 23647, 295, 19514, 21732, 368, 29889, 13, 29908, 29902, 1016, 29915, 29873, 2367, 263, 528, 277, 825, 366, 2649, 902, 29892, 408, 1472, 408, 278, 1734, 525, 1217, 29915, 338, 9051, 297, 596, 10541, 1213, 306, 5503, 3448, 1432, 2586, 310, 278, 5932, 363, 5875, 13493, 393, 29915, 29879, 6257, 304, 18983, 967, 22769, 2343, 29889, 376, 1123, 571, 902, 975, 304, 16498, 29915, 29879, 946, 3819, 29889, 2688, 437, 13047, 9493, 925, 2691, 1213, 13, 8439, 29915, 29879, 263, 1472, 3256, 310, 15142, 408, 23647, 295, 4697, 9197, 825, 306, 29915, 29885, 5934, 29889, 2296, 29915, 29879, 1532, 9543, 310, 590, 427, 29885, 537, 11183, 278, 3186, 29899, 29888, 314, 681, 5875, 13493, 18154, 414, 29892, 322, 306, 508, 29915, 29873, 2274, 2020, 1183, 10753, 304, 8589, 592, 373, 445, 29889, 306, 1235, 590, 5076, 696, 314, 599, 975, 278, 1286, 8072, 302, 12535, 6114, 30003, 15970, 338, 6200, 263, 5613, 2654, 2813, 30003, 29882, 459, 292, 372, 674, 1320, 1461, 592, 515, 445, 1320, 4350, 1319, 14983, 29889, 13, 29908, 29943, 457, 1699, 23647, 295, 4083, 411, 263, 269, 1141, 29889, 13, 29902, 4459, 560, 630, 304, 505, 445, 4383, 11527, 29892, 541, 306, 6755, 304, 11455, 278, 2114, 306, 29915, 29885, 884, 851, 574, 873, 443, 9915, 839, 1363, 372, 3508, 29915, 29873, 30003, 1333, 363, 5875, 13493, 8763, 29889, 13, 29908, 29902, 2274, 322, 3390, 596, 10608, 29889, 1205, 366, 508, 2649, 902, 7535, 1213, 13, 3112, 1838, 29915, 29873, 3755, 6584, 300, 10492, 825, 5930, 2446, 1363, 1434, 306, 1073, 372, 29892, 5875, 13493, 29915, 29879, 4964, 7314, 5304, 975, 278, 1196, 29889, 376, 29968, 948, 273, 1699, 1183, 4083, 19066, 277, 10835, 29889, 13, 29902, 289, 14339, 701, 1328, 297, 590, 11774, 29892, 590, 805, 457, 380, 2593, 322, 443, 2674, 296, 292, 29889, 21605, 590, 12917, 373, 278, 1591, 17620, 592, 29892, 306, 1074, 3078, 1584, 2466, 306, 29915, 29885, 380, 4362, 472, 278, 6025, 3277, 6114, 1058, 338, 1286, 6023, 292, 8735, 297, 278, 302, 6482, 12239, 982, 29889, 13, 29908, 29968, 948, 273, 1699, 5875, 13493, 4083, 1449, 29889, 2439, 7314, 439, 29874, 874, 411, 953, 8194, 29889, 376, 29902, 1033, 2289, 671, 596, 1371, 1213, 13, 29902, 14387, 431, 263, 1361, 975, 590, 3700, 29892, 1999, 18159, 20239, 368, 472, 278, 6114, 4822, 590, 6592, 8345, 408, 902, 1361, 1736, 1546, 902, 21152, 29889, 2296, 2730, 550, 4964, 368, 29892, 541, 372, 1838, 29915, 29873, 6023, 592, 472, 599, 29889, 13, 3421, 432, 1450, 658, 4684, 2898, 363, 263, 3256, 29892, 322, 306, 2649, 6142, 304, 7952, 4549, 29889, 376, 4806, 29915, 276, 451, 5622, 373, 10894, 537, 9493, 15128, 29889, 1334, 508, 2737, 366, 304, 263, 1781, 946, 3819, 304, 6216, 596, 4225, 1213, 13, 3664, 278, 2989, 8760, 29892, 541, 1183, 1838, 29915, 29873, 817, 304, 1073, 393, 29889, 13, 1576, 5011, 265, 6431, 756, 17832, 11180, 975, 278, 1833, 1023, 2440, 1951, 306, 18093, 372, 515, 5677, 1417, 5011, 265, 297, 263, 9881, 29899, 19958, 291, 29899, 29881, 26810, 5376, 29889, 450, 937, 2655, 306, 1258, 471, 1735, 278, 1024, 304, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 304, 2253, 9432, 590, 716, 5381, 1904, 29889, 5806, 278, 24842, 19875, 310, 1749, 5381, 338, 1667, 5461, 664, 30003, 14676, 312, 292, 7793, 26549, 583, 322, 15476, 2246, 29899, 974, 29899, 1552, 29899, 1220, 6993, 6757, 30003, 473, 1556, 21626, 29878, 1230, 8078 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.750662

-0.573626

-0.95567

-1.289162

s still came from the United States government and other foreign allies for "specialized" work that can be hard to come by. Or more accurately… hard to get approval for. Jameson Force Security has become the go-to private security contractor. We offer the type of "off-the-books invisibility" a government might need when doing top-secret covert work. And because the mainstream part of the business is running like a well-oiled, money-making machine and I've been getting a bit bored, I've decided to expand the covert-operations part. Because of that, Jameson Force Security was born, developed, and is now ready to take on more work. So ready, in fact, I'm on the verge of opening a new set of offices in Pittsburgh as I need to be in better proximity to Washington, D.C. Rachel had asked me why I didn't just move to D.C., but I can't stand the place. I've always loved Pittsburgh, though. It's a city rooted in steel, grit, and determination, which is exactly the way I'd describe Jameson Force Security. I'm going to relocate to Pittsburgh and Rachel is going to stay in Vegas to run the private-security portion of the business. "If it's a matter of money—" Joslyn says, interrupting my straying thoughts. I cut her off. "It's not." "Please, Kynan," she implores, and I can hear the watery tears in her voice. Thankfully, I'm momentarily distracted when the redhead crawls on her hands and knees toward me. Blue eyes flashing with heat, her tits swaying provocatively. Silently, and with a little bit of satisfaction, I realize this woman before me is exactly what I want and need, while the woman on the phone, probably sitting in her multimillion-dollar Malibu mansion, is not. Hands come to my thighs, slide up, and work at my belt. My cock finally deciding to get into the game, it starts to thicken at the prospect. I settle into the chair, lifting my hips briefly so she can reach inside my pants to pull me free. I suppress a groan as her hand circles me tight and starts to stroke. Reaching out, I cup her breast, relishing the weight of it before giving her nipple a pinch. Her lush lips peel into a wicked smile right before she puts her mouth on me. Fuck yeah. That's exactly what I need. My hand goes to her hair, fingers gripping her fiery locks tightly. Using my grasp as a piston, I help her bob up and down, starting to get lost in the sensation. "He almost killed me last night," Joslyn says and for a moment, her words don't register. But then they do, and I roughly yank the redhead off my cock. Her eyes widen in surprise, but I shake my head as I sit upright in my chair again. "What?" I manage to rasp out. "A stalker," she whispers. "He's been harassing me for a really long time. Last night, though, he actually managed to break into my house. I couldn't get to my panic room in time." The air in my lungs freezes. She has a panic room. Which means she's been battling a serious threat. Everything around me seems to slow as my ears ring with her revelation. "He heard the sirens approaching before he could…" When she abruptly stops, bile rises in my throat. She coughs before finishing softly. "He ran off, and they didn't catch him." I clear my throat from the thick emotion that has built up. "Where are you? Is someone with you now?" Joslyn mirthlessly laughs. "I'm in your office. Over on Clarke Avenue." She's here? In Vegas? "Put Rachel on the phone," I instruct, my words clipped and impersonal. There's an indistinct murmuring between the women as the phone gets passed. Rachel's brisk and professional voice comes through. "What do you want me to do?" Longingly, I stare at the redhead who has since moved over to lounge in a sexy pose on my bed. I want to get lost in her. Want

[ 29879, 1603, 2996, 515, 278, 3303, 3900, 5874, 322, 916, 9117, 394, 3687, 363, 376, 18732, 1891, 29908, 664, 393, 508, 367, 2898, 304, 2041, 491, 29889, 13, 2816, 901, 7913, 2486, 30098, 2898, 304, 679, 2134, 791, 363, 29889, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 756, 4953, 278, 748, 29899, 517, 2024, 6993, 8078, 272, 29889, 1334, 5957, 278, 1134, 310, 376, 2696, 29899, 1552, 29899, 12733, 297, 28814, 29908, 263, 5874, 1795, 817, 746, 2599, 2246, 29899, 19024, 4612, 29873, 664, 29889, 13, 2855, 1363, 278, 1667, 5461, 760, 310, 278, 5381, 338, 2734, 763, 263, 1532, 29899, 29877, 2356, 29892, 6909, 29899, 28990, 4933, 322, 306, 29915, 345, 1063, 2805, 263, 2586, 289, 4395, 29892, 306, 29915, 345, 8459, 304, 7985, 278, 4612, 29873, 29899, 3372, 800, 760, 29889, 7311, 310, 393, 29892, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 471, 6345, 29892, 8906, 29892, 322, 338, 1286, 7960, 304, 2125, 373, 901, 664, 29889, 13, 6295, 7960, 29892, 297, 2114, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 373, 278, 1147, 479, 310, 8718, 263, 716, 731, 310, 25222, 297, 27150, 13903, 408, 306, 817, 304, 367, 297, 2253, 23203, 537, 304, 7660, 29892, 360, 29889, 29907, 29889, 23647, 295, 750, 4433, 592, 2020, 306, 3282, 29915, 29873, 925, 4337, 304, 360, 29889, 29907, 1696, 541, 306, 508, 29915, 29873, 2317, 278, 2058, 29889, 306, 29915, 345, 2337, 18012, 27150, 13903, 29892, 2466, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 263, 4272, 3876, 287, 297, 22973, 29892, 330, 768, 29892, 322, 3683, 3381, 29892, 607, 338, 3721, 278, 982, 306, 29915, 29881, 8453, 5011, 265, 11004, 14223, 29889, 306, 29915, 29885, 2675, 304, 337, 2029, 403, 304, 27150, 13903, 322, 23647, 295, 338, 2675, 304, 7952, 297, 17236, 294, 304, 1065, 278, 2024, 29899, 8926, 11910, 310, 278, 5381, 29889, 13, 29908, 3644, 372, 29915, 29879, 263, 4383, 310, 6909, 30003, 29908, 5875, 13493, 4083, 29892, 23754, 292, 590, 380, 764, 292, 13133, 29889, 13, 29902, 5700, 902, 1283, 29889, 376, 3112, 29915, 29879, 451, 1213, 13, 29908, 12148, 29892, 476, 948, 273, 1699, 1183, 13374, 2361, 29892, 322, 306, 508, 8293, 278, 16699, 708, 20190, 297, 902, 7314, 29889, 13, 25271, 3730, 29892, 306, 29915, 29885, 3256, 6275, 1320, 1461, 287, 746, 278, 2654, 2813, 29349, 3137, 373, 902, 6567, 322, 17905, 267, 11183, 592, 29889, 10924, 5076, 11013, 292, 411, 12871, 29892, 902, 260, 1169, 269, 1582, 292, 25725, 6703, 29889, 5664, 2705, 29892, 322, 411, 263, 2217, 2586, 310, 26470, 29892, 306, 16289, 445, 6114, 1434, 592, 338, 3721, 825, 306, 864, 322, 817, 29892, 1550, 278, 6114, 373, 278, 9008, 29892, 3117, 16246, 297, 902, 1773, 326, 453, 291, 29899, 29881, 26810, 3792, 747, 29884, 286, 9454, 29892, 338, 451, 29889, 13, 3481, 29879, 2041, 304, 590, 266, 1141, 29879, 29892, 20343, 701, 29892, 322, 664, 472, 590, 1339, 29873, 29889, 1619, 1302, 384, 7146, 1602, 4821, 304, 679, 964, 278, 3748, 29892, 372, 8665, 304, 12003, 264, 472, 278, 27289, 29889, 306, 3604, 280, 964, 278, 11774, 29892, 11747, 1259, 590, 298, 4512, 23359, 577, 1183, 508, 6159, 2768, 590, 282, 1934, 304, 8206, 592, 3889, 29889, 13, 29902, 21301, 263, 4071, 273, 408, 902, 1361, 22558, 592, 19932, 322, 8665, 304, 19782, 29889, 830, 9733, 714, 29892, 306, 18002, 902, 24207, 29892, 1104, 14424, 278, 7688, 310, 372, 1434, 6820, 902, 6836, 407, 280, 263, 12534, 305, 29889, 2439, 301, 1878, 17186, 1236, 295, 964, 263, 281, 17840, 17819, 1492, 1434, 1183, 15223, 902, 13394, 373, 592, 29889, 13, 29943, 2707, 21915, 29889, 2193, 29915, 29879, 3721, 825, 306, 817, 29889, 13, 3421, 1361, 5771, 304, 902, 11315, 29892, 23915, 330, 374, 3262, 902, 21334, 29891, 658, 4684, 19932, 368, 29889, 5293, 590, 25274, 408, 263, 282, 391, 265, 29892, 306, 1371, 902, 289, 711, 701, 322, 1623, 29892, 6257, 304, 679, 5714, 297, 278, 4771, 362, 29889, 13, 29908, 3868, 4359, 9445, 592, 1833, 4646, 1699, 5875, 13493, 4083, 322, 363, 263, 3256, 29892, 902, 3838, 1016, 29915, 29873, 6036, 29889, 13, 6246, 769, 896, 437, 29892, 322, 306, 20928, 343, 804, 278, 2654, 2813, 1283, 590, 1302, 384, 29889, 2439, 5076, 281, 3615, 297, 16671, 29892, 541, 306, 528, 1296, 590, 2343, 408, 306, 7845, 318, 558, 523, 297, 590, 11774, 1449, 29889, 13, 29908, 5618, 3026, 306, 10933, 304, 364, 4692, 714, 29889, 13, 29908, 29909, 380, 2235, 261, 1699, 1183, 17352, 6774, 29889, 376, 3868, 29915, 29879, 1063, 4023, 465, 292, 592, 363, 263, 2289, 1472, 931, 29889, 9208, 4646, 29892, 2466, 29892, 540, 2869, 8745, 304, 2867, 964, 590, 3699, 29889, 306, 8496, 29915, 29873, 679, 304, 590, 7243, 293, 5716, 297, 931, 1213, 13, 1576, 4799, 297, 590, 301, 3085, 3889, 10947, 29889, 2296, 756, 263, 7243, 293, 5716, 29889, 8449, 2794, 1183, 29915, 29879, 1063, 8957, 1847, 263, 10676, 28469, 29889, 17296, 2820, 592, 2444, 304, 5232, 408, 590, 22827, 9228, 411, 902, 20474, 362, 29889, 13, 29908, 3868, 6091, 278, 8889, 575, 28702, 1434, 540, 1033, 30098, 29908, 1932, 1183, 633, 6685, 368, 17726, 29892, 289, 488, 364, 4637, 297, 590, 20961, 271, 29889, 2296, 274, 820, 29879, 1434, 28321, 4964, 368, 29889, 376, 3868, 6350, 1283, 29892, 322, 896, 3282, 29915, 29873, 4380, 1075, 1213, 13, 29902, 2821, 590, 20961, 271, 515, 278, 12003, 953, 8194, 393, 756, 4240, 701, 29889, 376, 11921, 526, 366, 29973, 1317, 4856, 411, 366, 1286, 3026, 13, 29967, 359, 13493, 286, 7515, 23769, 10569, 29879, 29889, 376, 29902, 29915, 29885, 297, 596, 8034, 29889, 6811, 373, 15183, 446, 18874, 1213, 13, 13468, 29915, 29879, 1244, 29973, 13, 797, 17236, 294, 29973, 13, 29908, 22908, 23647, 295, 373, 278, 9008, 1699, 306, 18690, 29892, 590, 3838, 9335, 2986, 322, 2411, 1330, 284, 29889, 13, 8439, 29915, 29879, 385, 1399, 391, 5562, 25234, 3864, 1546, 278, 5866, 408, 278, 9008, 4947, 4502, 29889, 23647, 295, 29915, 29879, 1506, 3873, 322, 10257, 7314, 5304, 1549, 29889, 376, 5618, 437, 366, 864, 592, 304, 437, 3026, 13, 8208, 11687, 29892, 306, 380, 598, 472, 278, 2654, 2813, 1058, 756, 1951, 6153, 975, 304, 301, 1309, 479, 297, 263, 409, 3594, 18593, 373, 590, 6592, 29889, 306, 864, 304, 679, 5714, 297, 902, 29889, 399, 424 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.832174

-0.543311

-0.830145

-1.496602

PI ladies! I saw leaves falling outside my window today. Although fall in New England is breathtaking, it's still a reminder that my favorite season–summer–is almost over. It's also a reminder that it'll soon be time to pull out our fall gear, make sure we have everything we need and maybe even add some fresh looks to our style. If you're looking for some fall fashion ideas, you're in luck–I'm about to offer you a jumbo-sized presentation! And the best part? These selections are not only affordable, but they're also modest and über stylish. Because, after all, only modest is hottest for us Christian gals! Fall fashion to me means longer sleeves and extra layers in the many warm colors of the season. The temperatures are still pretty warm as the season begins, but the evenings get colder faster, and warm days become less frequent as the chill starts to kick in. But those layers don't have to cover up your style! I've decided to shop for more dresses. I think they're the easier option since they're only one piece. Dresses save time! What do you think, ladies? My selection begins with a pretty soft sienna dress with an elastic waist and flared skirt. The sleeves feature crocheted details. This is a lovely relaxed look that's great for when the season begins to cool. Next is more of a tailored dress with a round neckline, capped sleeves and straight skirt. If you do consider this style, make sure no cleavage shows and the skirt is not tight or short. Last is a lovely sweater dress in a beautiful fall green. Sweater dresses are so comfortable and feminine, and they go great with tall boots and opaque nylons! The shirts I've selected are quite tailored. Each example offers various features that add some dimension to their styles, such as collars, pockets, crocheted lace and tassel ties. These designs may seem a little formal, but don't be fooled–they can be worn casually, such as in the picture above with the jeans. As the weather gets cooler, you'll need some items to keep the chill out. I thought it would be fun to add a poncho to the mix, and they look great with a pair of jeans or a skirt. Or opt for a knitted pullover with a hood. Both are lightweight, so you can wear them as the day cools into the evening. A simple cardigan in a beautiful fall hue is also an option, and the cream cable vest with tie waist goes with pretty much anything. I wanted to come up with some fun skirts, but the majority of them are just too short or not very stylish at all, in my opinion. The long tiered maxi skirt in the above picture did catch my eye, however, and I think it looks great with the rest of the model's ensemble. I would add a little color though–maybe with a scarf and handbag. Looking for some pants to fit into your fall collection? If you don't have a great pair of modest jeans, how about some wide leg flares? The wide leg linen pants on the right are so elegant. A light material is perfect for fall pants because it accommodates for the temperature transition in a typical fall day. Both styles go great with the tops and sweaters in this collection. As the weather gets colder, you'll eventually have to add a coat to your outfits. But coats don't have to hide your fun fall ensembles. Instead, they can be a part of them. All fall wardrobes should include a denim jacket for a casual look, I believe. The red corduroy jacket on the right features a faux shearling collar and adds color to complete your outfit. The double-breasted coats above are stunning and versatile. When selecting a fall coat, you want it to go with everything you have, so be particular about the color you choose. Adding the coat to your look can be the final touch, but it doesn't have to be. You can add accessories! This is where the fun really starts. The image above is a great example of how accessories play a huge part in your fall look. In fact, items such as scarves are a fantastic way of adding color and life to your ensemble. The scarves above are

[ 349, 29902, 22281, 29991, 306, 4446, 11308, 20327, 5377, 590, 3474, 9826, 29889, 8512, 6416, 297, 1570, 5408, 338, 2078, 271, 400, 5086, 29892, 372, 29915, 29879, 1603, 263, 1083, 4995, 393, 590, 25448, 4259, 29994, 2083, 1050, 29994, 275, 4359, 975, 29889, 13, 3112, 29915, 29879, 884, 263, 1083, 4995, 393, 372, 29915, 645, 4720, 367, 931, 304, 8206, 714, 1749, 6416, 330, 799, 29892, 1207, 1854, 591, 505, 4129, 591, 817, 322, 5505, 1584, 788, 777, 10849, 3430, 304, 1749, 3114, 29889, 13, 3644, 366, 29915, 276, 3063, 363, 777, 6416, 13460, 7014, 29892, 366, 29915, 276, 297, 9885, 29994, 29902, 29915, 29885, 1048, 304, 5957, 366, 263, 432, 398, 833, 29899, 29879, 1891, 24329, 29991, 1126, 278, 1900, 760, 29973, 4525, 409, 5942, 526, 451, 871, 21750, 519, 29892, 541, 896, 29915, 276, 884, 878, 342, 322, 2939, 15877, 1674, 29889, 7311, 29892, 1156, 599, 29892, 871, 878, 342, 338, 298, 1501, 342, 363, 502, 6111, 330, 1338, 29991, 13, 29943, 497, 13460, 304, 592, 2794, 5520, 12844, 29872, 1960, 322, 4805, 15359, 297, 278, 1784, 14294, 11955, 310, 278, 4259, 29889, 450, 6238, 3698, 526, 1603, 5051, 14294, 408, 278, 4259, 16410, 29892, 541, 278, 1584, 886, 679, 784, 672, 8473, 29892, 322, 14294, 3841, 4953, 3109, 17091, 408, 278, 521, 453, 8665, 304, 24817, 297, 29889, 1205, 1906, 15359, 1016, 29915, 29873, 505, 304, 4612, 701, 596, 3114, 29991, 13, 29902, 29915, 345, 8459, 304, 18296, 363, 901, 10714, 267, 29889, 306, 1348, 896, 29915, 276, 278, 6775, 2984, 1951, 896, 29915, 276, 871, 697, 8424, 29889, 360, 1253, 267, 4078, 931, 29991, 1724, 437, 366, 1348, 29892, 22281, 29973, 13, 3421, 9262, 16410, 411, 263, 5051, 4964, 269, 819, 1056, 10714, 411, 385, 560, 6288, 11324, 391, 322, 17422, 1127, 2071, 2728, 29889, 450, 12844, 29872, 1960, 4682, 8182, 305, 300, 287, 4902, 29889, 910, 338, 263, 12355, 873, 26681, 287, 1106, 393, 29915, 29879, 2107, 363, 746, 278, 4259, 16410, 304, 12528, 29889, 8084, 338, 901, 310, 263, 12464, 4395, 10714, 411, 263, 4513, 18873, 1220, 29892, 274, 17280, 12844, 29872, 1960, 322, 7812, 2071, 2728, 29889, 960, 366, 437, 2050, 445, 3114, 29892, 1207, 1854, 694, 4531, 485, 482, 3697, 322, 278, 2071, 2728, 338, 451, 19932, 470, 3273, 29889, 9208, 338, 263, 12355, 873, 7901, 1008, 10714, 297, 263, 9560, 6416, 7933, 29889, 317, 705, 1008, 10714, 267, 526, 577, 25561, 322, 21991, 457, 29892, 322, 896, 748, 2107, 411, 15655, 1045, 1862, 322, 1015, 19772, 302, 2904, 787, 29991, 13, 1576, 528, 381, 1372, 306, 29915, 345, 4629, 526, 3755, 12464, 4395, 29889, 7806, 1342, 16688, 5164, 5680, 393, 788, 777, 9927, 304, 1009, 11949, 29892, 1316, 408, 5321, 1503, 29892, 772, 9737, 29892, 8182, 305, 300, 287, 425, 346, 322, 260, 465, 295, 260, 583, 29889, 13, 1349, 968, 25517, 1122, 2833, 263, 2217, 11595, 29892, 541, 1016, 29915, 29873, 367, 7953, 839, 29994, 19562, 508, 367, 28043, 3209, 1474, 29892, 1316, 408, 297, 278, 7623, 2038, 411, 278, 1444, 550, 29889, 13, 2887, 278, 14826, 4947, 12528, 261, 29892, 366, 29915, 645, 817, 777, 4452, 304, 3013, 278, 521, 453, 714, 29889, 13, 29902, 2714, 372, 723, 367, 2090, 304, 788, 263, 12509, 1859, 304, 278, 6837, 29892, 322, 896, 1106, 2107, 411, 263, 5101, 310, 1444, 550, 470, 263, 2071, 2728, 29889, 1394, 3523, 363, 263, 889, 4430, 9505, 417, 369, 411, 263, 298, 2092, 29889, 9134, 526, 3578, 7915, 29892, 577, 366, 508, 19531, 963, 408, 278, 2462, 1302, 3775, 964, 278, 11005, 29889, 13, 29909, 2560, 5881, 11163, 297, 263, 9560, 6416, 298, 434, 338, 884, 385, 2984, 29892, 322, 278, 907, 314, 21387, 16779, 411, 22134, 11324, 391, 5771, 411, 5051, 1568, 3099, 29889, 13, 29902, 5131, 304, 2041, 701, 411, 777, 2090, 2071, 381, 1372, 29892, 541, 278, 13638, 310, 963, 526, 925, 2086, 3273, 470, 451, 1407, 15877, 1674, 472, 599, 29892, 297, 590, 9426, 29889, 13, 1576, 1472, 26485, 287, 4236, 29875, 2071, 2728, 297, 278, 2038, 7623, 1258, 4380, 590, 10977, 29892, 3138, 29892, 322, 306, 1348, 372, 3430, 2107, 411, 278, 1791, 310, 278, 1904, 29915, 29879, 21285, 29889, 306, 723, 788, 263, 2217, 2927, 2466, 29994, 26026, 411, 263, 21990, 29888, 322, 1361, 23156, 29889, 13, 14959, 292, 363, 777, 282, 1934, 304, 6216, 964, 596, 6416, 4333, 29973, 960, 366, 1016, 29915, 29873, 505, 263, 2107, 5101, 310, 878, 342, 1444, 550, 29892, 920, 1048, 777, 9377, 2814, 1652, 5114, 29973, 13, 1576, 9377, 2814, 6276, 264, 282, 1934, 373, 278, 1492, 526, 577, 19232, 29889, 319, 3578, 5518, 338, 4922, 363, 6416, 282, 1934, 1363, 372, 24803, 1078, 363, 278, 10430, 9558, 297, 263, 15662, 6416, 2462, 29889, 9134, 11949, 748, 2107, 411, 278, 304, 567, 322, 7901, 10412, 297, 445, 4333, 29889, 13, 2887, 278, 14826, 4947, 784, 672, 29892, 366, 29915, 645, 10201, 505, 304, 788, 263, 24296, 304, 596, 714, 29888, 1169, 29889, 1205, 1302, 1446, 1016, 29915, 29873, 505, 304, 9563, 596, 2090, 6416, 5662, 1590, 793, 29889, 8669, 29892, 896, 508, 367, 263, 760, 310, 963, 29889, 13, 3596, 6416, 281, 538, 307, 5707, 881, 3160, 263, 972, 326, 28015, 300, 363, 263, 3209, 950, 1106, 29892, 306, 4658, 29889, 450, 2654, 13793, 2192, 29891, 28015, 300, 373, 278, 1492, 5680, 263, 285, 2993, 1183, 279, 1847, 784, 4675, 322, 12778, 2927, 304, 4866, 596, 714, 9202, 29889, 13, 1576, 3765, 29899, 1030, 28470, 1302, 1446, 2038, 526, 380, 27389, 322, 1224, 24285, 29889, 1932, 18851, 263, 6416, 24296, 29892, 366, 864, 372, 304, 748, 411, 4129, 366, 505, 29892, 577, 367, 3153, 1048, 278, 2927, 366, 6755, 29889, 13, 2528, 292, 278, 24296, 304, 596, 1106, 508, 367, 278, 2186, 6023, 29892, 541, 372, 1838, 29915, 29873, 505, 304, 367, 29889, 887, 508, 788, 2130, 3842, 29991, 910, 338, 988, 278, 2090, 2289, 8665, 29889, 13, 1576, 1967, 2038, 338, 263, 2107, 1342, 310, 920, 2130, 3842, 1708, 263, 12176, 760, 297, 596, 6416, 1106, 29889, 512, 2114, 29892, 4452, 1316, 408, 21990, 1960, 526, 263, 13568, 6288, 982, 310, 4417, 2927, 322, 2834, 304, 596, 21285, 29889, 13, 1576, 21990, 1960, 2038, 526 ]

1,024

C4

1.16909

-1.735793

-1.494534

-0.501223

The Silver Ships Series, Book 5 By: S. H. Jucha Narrated by: Grover Gardner Series: The Silver Ships, Book 5 Categories: Science Fiction & Fantasy, Science Fiction £7.99/month after 30 days. Renews automatically. A Silver Ships Novel Trouble infiltrated the Harakens' capital city of Espero, in the form of New Terra criminal gangs who grew wealthy and powerful on the moons of Ganymede, hiding behind the cover of an ill-conceived mining charter. The gangs brought stims and addictive hallucinogenic drugs to Espero, distributing them to the young on the planet. Another awesome one !!!! By Ostfeld on 19-09-18 Expeditionary Force, Book 1 By: Craig Alanson Narrated by: R.C. Bray We were fighting on the wrong side of a war we couldn't win. And that was the good news. The Ruhar hit us on Columbus Day. There we were, innocently drifting along the cosmos on our little blue marble, like the native Americans in 1492. Over the horizon come ships of a technologically advanced, aggressive culture, and BAM! There go the good old days, when humans only got killed by each other. So, Columbus Day. It fits. When the morning sky twinkled again, this time with Kristang starships jumping in to hammer the Ruhar, we thought we were saved. Hampsters, Beer Cans & Cheese Burgers By S. Morris on 05-03-17 Pyreans, Book 1 Narrated by: Nicole Poole Captain Jessie Cinders faces a hazardous choice. The murderer of the governor's nephew stands before him. But, the frightened teenager, Aurelia Garmenti, doesn't resemble the commandant's description of the vicious, hardened killer his security forces seek. You have to listen to it By CJSILV on 27-01-21 No Honor in Death Siobhan Dunmoore Series, Book 1 By: Eric Thomson Narrated by: Eric Michael Summerer Siobhan Dunmoore was not having a good war. She's had more ships shot out from under her by the invading Shrehari Empire than any other officer in the Fleet. Some called her overly aggressive. Others simply called her reckless. What the enemy called her was something else altogether. That she gave the Shrehari a good drubbing along the way didn't matter in the least, because not all her enemies wore an Imperial uniform. No honour in death By John. A. B. Berley on 25-07-17 Shattered Galaxy The Complete After the Galaxy Series Box Set By: Scott Bartlett Narrated by: Mark Boyett Raised fatherless in a galactic Brinktown, Joe Pikeman only ever wanted to escape. The Galactic Guard offered that escape, with the promise of regular meals to boot. Now Joe is a full Guardsman, with his own ship and a snide partner bot who hates humans almost as much as he hates other bots. To the pirates he hunts, Joe is known as the Butcher. His bloody reputation has landed him in the center of a sweeping conspiracy that threatens to stamp out the galaxy's last surviving human settlements. Mark Boyet's delivery of scify audiobooks is top Steel World Undying Mercenaries, Book 1 By: B. V. Larson In the twentieth century Earth sent probes, transmissions and welcoming messages to the stars. Unfortunately, someone noticed. The Galactics arrived with their battle fleet in 2052. Rather than being exterminated under a barrage of hell-burners, Earth joined their vast Empire. Swearing allegiance to our distant alien overlords wasn't the only requirement for survival. We also had to have something of value to trade, something that neighboring planets would pay their hard-earned credits to buy. Should I start this series By luke on 10-06-15 Midshipman Henry Gallant in Space The Henry Gallant Saga, Book 1 By: H

[ 450, 16466, 1383, 4512, 10488, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29945, 13, 2059, 29901, 317, 29889, 379, 29889, 435, 26609, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 6070, 369, 15971, 1089, 13, 19204, 29901, 450, 16466, 1383, 4512, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29945, 13, 29907, 14404, 29901, 9327, 383, 2463, 669, 18089, 8995, 29892, 9327, 383, 2463, 13, 30155, 29955, 29889, 29929, 29929, 29914, 10874, 1156, 29871, 29941, 29900, 3841, 29889, 7493, 809, 29879, 6336, 29889, 13, 29909, 16466, 1383, 4512, 2864, 295, 13, 2308, 2074, 297, 1777, 509, 630, 278, 3536, 557, 575, 29915, 7483, 4272, 310, 3423, 546, 29877, 29892, 297, 278, 883, 310, 1570, 20839, 22161, 20676, 29879, 1058, 13631, 17173, 29891, 322, 13988, 373, 278, 2730, 787, 310, 28245, 962, 2742, 29892, 25508, 5742, 278, 4612, 310, 385, 4486, 29899, 535, 346, 2347, 1375, 292, 1373, 357, 29889, 450, 20676, 29879, 6296, 380, 9893, 322, 788, 919, 573, 12713, 1682, 262, 6352, 293, 5883, 3174, 304, 3423, 546, 29877, 29892, 22965, 17068, 963, 304, 278, 4123, 373, 278, 15754, 29889, 13, 2744, 1228, 29663, 697, 1738, 21004, 13, 2059, 11334, 10612, 373, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29899, 29900, 29929, 29899, 29896, 29947, 13, 9544, 287, 654, 653, 11004, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 28050, 838, 16307, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 390, 29889, 29907, 29889, 350, 764, 13, 4806, 892, 17770, 373, 278, 2743, 2625, 310, 263, 1370, 591, 8496, 29915, 29873, 5401, 29889, 1126, 393, 471, 278, 1781, 9763, 29889, 450, 9723, 8222, 7124, 502, 373, 11990, 375, 8373, 29889, 1670, 591, 892, 29892, 21458, 2705, 4192, 24377, 3412, 278, 6776, 7681, 373, 1749, 2217, 7254, 1766, 569, 29892, 763, 278, 7531, 23035, 297, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29929, 29906, 29889, 6811, 278, 28205, 2041, 13968, 310, 263, 5722, 1189, 1711, 12862, 29892, 946, 3663, 573, 9257, 29892, 322, 350, 5194, 29991, 1670, 748, 278, 1781, 2030, 3841, 29892, 746, 25618, 871, 2355, 9445, 491, 1269, 916, 29889, 1105, 29892, 11990, 375, 8373, 29889, 739, 23994, 29889, 1932, 278, 7250, 14744, 3252, 682, 839, 1449, 29892, 445, 931, 411, 17773, 574, 5810, 9981, 12500, 292, 297, 304, 16366, 1050, 278, 9723, 8222, 29892, 591, 2714, 591, 892, 7160, 29889, 13, 29950, 1160, 23080, 29892, 1522, 261, 315, 550, 669, 6561, 968, 11202, 414, 13, 2059, 317, 29889, 23112, 373, 29871, 29900, 29945, 29899, 29900, 29941, 29899, 29896, 29955, 13, 19737, 276, 550, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 405, 23249, 3929, 1772, 13, 21133, 475, 23010, 347, 315, 513, 414, 17240, 263, 447, 29920, 538, 681, 7348, 29889, 450, 13406, 261, 310, 278, 20221, 29915, 29879, 23446, 13636, 15028, 1434, 1075, 29889, 1205, 29892, 278, 22739, 6419, 734, 264, 1875, 29892, 319, 545, 4456, 7455, 358, 29875, 29892, 1838, 29915, 29873, 620, 6967, 278, 1899, 424, 29915, 29879, 6139, 310, 278, 325, 14803, 29892, 2898, 6419, 413, 5495, 670, 6993, 8249, 16508, 29889, 13, 3492, 505, 304, 11621, 304, 372, 13, 2059, 315, 29967, 5425, 29931, 29963, 373, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29899, 29900, 29896, 29899, 29906, 29896, 13, 3782, 18236, 297, 14450, 13, 29903, 601, 29890, 5403, 11566, 4346, 487, 10488, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 14713, 4609, 1100, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 14713, 5765, 13329, 261, 13, 29903, 601, 29890, 5403, 11566, 4346, 487, 471, 451, 2534, 263, 1781, 1370, 29889, 2296, 29915, 29879, 750, 901, 13968, 10322, 714, 515, 1090, 902, 491, 278, 2437, 9382, 1383, 9003, 1306, 13378, 1135, 738, 916, 12139, 297, 278, 13859, 300, 29889, 3834, 2000, 902, 975, 368, 946, 3663, 573, 29889, 438, 3341, 3763, 2000, 902, 25527, 2222, 29889, 1724, 278, 11103, 2000, 902, 471, 1554, 1683, 19148, 29889, 2193, 1183, 4846, 278, 1383, 9003, 1306, 263, 1781, 4192, 431, 10549, 3412, 278, 982, 3282, 29915, 29873, 4383, 297, 278, 3203, 29892, 1363, 451, 599, 902, 22595, 26758, 385, 21080, 9090, 29889, 13, 3782, 19107, 297, 4892, 13, 2059, 2259, 29889, 319, 29889, 350, 29889, 2292, 2330, 373, 29871, 29906, 29945, 29899, 29900, 29955, 29899, 29896, 29955, 13, 29903, 2455, 25396, 5208, 26825, 13, 1576, 25034, 2860, 278, 5208, 26825, 10488, 11773, 3789, 13, 2059, 29901, 8075, 12245, 13650, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 4485, 16231, 1803, 13, 29934, 1759, 287, 4783, 2222, 297, 263, 6898, 17911, 1771, 682, 27734, 29892, 11131, 349, 638, 11422, 871, 3926, 5131, 304, 10169, 29889, 450, 5208, 17911, 13211, 12520, 393, 10169, 29892, 411, 278, 11640, 310, 4943, 592, 1338, 304, 6579, 29889, 2567, 11131, 338, 263, 2989, 2088, 3163, 1171, 29892, 411, 670, 1914, 7751, 322, 263, 5807, 680, 18096, 9225, 1058, 298, 1078, 25618, 4359, 408, 1568, 408, 540, 298, 1078, 916, 289, 1862, 29889, 1763, 278, 21625, 1078, 540, 9074, 1372, 29892, 11131, 338, 2998, 408, 278, 1205, 4630, 29889, 3600, 6668, 1486, 19821, 756, 2982, 287, 1075, 297, 278, 4818, 310, 263, 7901, 26819, 21588, 29875, 10068, 393, 28469, 575, 304, 25214, 714, 278, 15400, 29891, 29915, 29879, 1833, 10503, 4357, 5199, 16493, 29879, 29889, 13, 9802, 16231, 300, 29915, 29879, 28289, 310, 885, 1598, 10348, 12733, 338, 2246, 13, 7789, 295, 2787, 13, 25263, 5414, 4702, 10278, 4314, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 350, 29889, 478, 29889, 8218, 1100, 13, 797, 278, 3252, 7268, 621, 6462, 11563, 2665, 2070, 267, 29892, 18750, 6847, 322, 5476, 11506, 7191, 304, 278, 10819, 29889, 11511, 29892, 4856, 10548, 29889, 450, 5208, 627, 1199, 11977, 411, 1009, 10555, 22338, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29945, 29906, 29889, 390, 1624, 1135, 1641, 429, 18821, 630, 1090, 263, 2594, 6617, 310, 23927, 29899, 18712, 414, 29892, 11563, 8772, 1009, 13426, 13378, 29889, 317, 705, 4362, 16831, 8837, 304, 1749, 21188, 394, 819, 975, 29880, 4339, 9007, 29915, 29873, 278, 871, 11809, 363, 10503, 2561, 29889, 1334, 884, 750, 304, 505, 1554, 310, 995, 304, 11302, 29892, 1554, 393, 12307, 292, 3814, 1691, 723, 5146, 1009, 2898, 29899, 799, 9571, 6625, 1169, 304, 15649, 29889, 13, 26857, 306, 1369, 445, 3652, 13, 2059, 8092, 446, 373, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29899, 29900, 29953, 29899, 29896, 29945, 13, 29924, 333, 3527, 1171, 6498, 8130, 424, 297, 14121, 13, 1576, 6498, 8130, 424, 317, 7781, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 379 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.336311

-0.394532

-0.087974

-0.453553

. Peter Alesso Narrated by: Rich Miller As the last star fighter in squadron 111, Midshipman Henry Gallant is on his way from Jupiter to Mars. With the United Planets' fleet on the verge of annihilation, he can expect no help as he passes through the asteroid belt and threatening aliens. In an era of genetic engineering, he is the only Natural (non-genetically enhanced) officer left in the fleet. His classmates and superior officers have all expressed their concern that he will not be up to the demands of the space service. For protecting the frontier. By Norma Miles on 07-09-18 AL:ICE Boxed Set By: Charles Lamb Narrated by: David Drummond Includes books one through four in the AL:ICE series: AL:ICE, AL:ICE-9, AL:ICE: Resurrection, and AL:ICE: Space War. Guns, AI and polygamy By janet smith on 20-02-21 We Are Legion (We Are Bob) Bobiverse, Book 1 By: Dennis E. Taylor Narrated by: Ray Porter 5 out of 5 stars 11,514 There's a reason We Are Legion was named Audible's Best Science Fiction Book of 2016: Its irresistibly irreverent wit! Bob Johansson has just sold his software company for a small fortune and is looking forward to a life of leisure. The first item on his to-do list: Spending his newfound windfall. On an urge to splurge, he signs up to have his head cryogenically preserved in case of death. Then he gets himself killed crossing the street. Waking up 117 years later, Bob discovers his mind has been uploaded into a sentient space probe with the ability to replicate itself. An unexpected gem By Andrew on 29-01-17 The Lost Starship By: Vaughn Heppner Narrated by: David Stifel Ten thousand years ago, a single alien super-ship survived a desperate battle. The vessel's dying crew set the AI on automatic to defend the smashed rubble of their planet. Legend has it the faithful ship continues to patrol the empty battlefield, obeying its last order throughout the lonely centuries.In the here and now, Earth needs a miracle. Out of the Beyond invade the New Men, stronger, faster and smarter than the old. Their superior warships and advanced technology destroy every fleet sent to stop them. nice story shame about the narrater By Stephen on 07-03-15 Stellar Heritage, Book 1 By: Bob Mauldin When Simon and Katherine Hawke stumble upon an alien shuttle that has landed on earth, it'll not only change the course of their lives, but of the entire world. Taking the shuttle into orbit, they discover a much larger ship left adrift with no one on board. Commandeering it, they confirm that we're not alone in the universe and must prepare the human race for what is about to come. Recruiting from all over the world, they begin to expand their fleet and build a federation to give humans a foothold in the galaxy. It's not working for me By Alexander Jibb on 29-10-20 Terms of Enlistment Frontlines, Book 1 By: Marko Kloos Narrated by: Luke Daniels The year is 2108, and the North American Commonwealth is bursting at the seams. For welfare rats like Andrew Grayson, there are only two ways out of the crime-ridden and filthy welfare tenements: You can hope to win the lottery and draw a ticket on a colony ship settling off-world...or you can join the service. With the colony lottery a pipe dream, Andrew chooses to enlist in the armed forces for a shot at real food, a retirement bonus, and maybe a ticket off Earth. Military SciFi in Classic Style By Andrew John Rae on 09-02-14 USS Hamilton: Ironhold Station USS Hamilton, Book 1 By: Mark Wayne McGinnis Narrated by: James Patrick Cronin Thousands of crew are reported dead, including the ship's captain. Rel

[ 29889, 5310, 838, 6777, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 4385, 16498, 13, 2887, 278, 1833, 5810, 285, 14643, 297, 10023, 1617, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29896, 29892, 13370, 3527, 1171, 6498, 8130, 424, 338, 373, 670, 982, 515, 27441, 1524, 304, 16852, 29889, 2973, 278, 3303, 8402, 1691, 29915, 22338, 373, 278, 1147, 479, 310, 6957, 29882, 8634, 29892, 540, 508, 2149, 694, 1371, 408, 540, 14517, 1549, 278, 20058, 333, 1339, 29873, 322, 20616, 292, 394, 11689, 29889, 512, 385, 3152, 310, 2531, 7492, 21639, 29892, 540, 338, 278, 871, 18385, 313, 5464, 29899, 1885, 300, 1711, 427, 29308, 29897, 12139, 2175, 297, 278, 22338, 29889, 3600, 770, 29885, 1078, 322, 11558, 13049, 505, 599, 13384, 1009, 5932, 393, 540, 674, 451, 367, 701, 304, 278, 1261, 4167, 310, 278, 2913, 2669, 29889, 13, 2831, 12566, 292, 278, 4565, 631, 29889, 13, 2059, 5655, 29874, 3833, 267, 373, 29871, 29900, 29955, 29899, 29900, 29929, 29899, 29896, 29947, 13, 1964, 29901, 12107, 11773, 287, 3789, 13, 2059, 29901, 5322, 26832, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 4699, 4942, 398, 8315, 13, 797, 27722, 8277, 697, 1549, 3023, 297, 278, 14445, 29901, 12107, 3652, 29901, 14445, 29901, 12107, 29892, 14445, 29901, 12107, 29899, 29929, 29892, 14445, 29901, 12107, 29901, 2538, 20503, 428, 29892, 322, 14445, 29901, 12107, 29901, 14121, 3362, 29889, 13, 29954, 6948, 29892, 319, 29902, 322, 1248, 4790, 25934, 13, 2059, 5496, 300, 1560, 389, 373, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29899, 29900, 29906, 29899, 29906, 29896, 13, 4806, 4683, 5682, 291, 313, 4806, 4683, 7991, 29897, 13, 29362, 12193, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 27974, 382, 29889, 12537, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 9596, 7102, 357, 13, 29945, 714, 310, 29871, 29945, 10819, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29892, 29945, 29896, 29946, 13, 8439, 29915, 29879, 263, 2769, 1334, 4683, 5682, 291, 471, 4257, 8612, 1821, 29915, 29879, 6407, 9327, 383, 2463, 6726, 310, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 29901, 8011, 3805, 690, 391, 14981, 19950, 369, 296, 12309, 29991, 7991, 1861, 550, 1100, 756, 925, 5239, 670, 7047, 5001, 363, 263, 2319, 19717, 322, 338, 3063, 6375, 304, 263, 2834, 310, 454, 275, 545, 29889, 450, 937, 2944, 373, 670, 304, 29899, 1867, 1051, 29901, 1706, 2548, 670, 716, 11940, 8805, 11950, 29889, 1551, 385, 5065, 479, 304, 8536, 332, 479, 29892, 540, 18906, 701, 304, 505, 670, 2343, 10901, 6352, 1711, 21634, 297, 1206, 310, 4892, 29889, 1987, 540, 4947, 3654, 9445, 24067, 278, 11952, 29889, 399, 5086, 701, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29955, 2440, 2678, 29892, 7991, 17021, 874, 670, 3458, 756, 1063, 20373, 964, 263, 2665, 993, 2913, 410, 915, 411, 278, 11509, 304, 1634, 5926, 3528, 29889, 13, 2744, 15668, 7055, 13, 2059, 11571, 373, 29871, 29906, 29929, 29899, 29900, 29896, 29899, 29896, 29955, 13, 1576, 25133, 7828, 3527, 13, 2059, 29901, 478, 2987, 3123, 940, 407, 1089, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 4699, 624, 361, 295, 13, 29911, 264, 10405, 2440, 8020, 29892, 263, 2323, 394, 819, 2428, 29899, 3527, 10503, 2347, 263, 553, 21194, 10555, 29889, 450, 21239, 29915, 29879, 27116, 17616, 731, 278, 319, 29902, 373, 18428, 304, 24663, 278, 1560, 25936, 14051, 569, 310, 1009, 15754, 29889, 5682, 355, 756, 372, 278, 27057, 7751, 18172, 304, 2373, 1467, 278, 4069, 10555, 2671, 29892, 26449, 292, 967, 1833, 1797, 10106, 278, 23123, 873, 21726, 29889, 797, 278, 1244, 322, 1286, 29892, 11563, 4225, 263, 3737, 10792, 29889, 4451, 310, 278, 18502, 898, 297, 1564, 311, 278, 1570, 7567, 29892, 23505, 29892, 8473, 322, 1560, 4254, 1135, 278, 2030, 29889, 11275, 11558, 1370, 9981, 322, 12862, 15483, 8174, 1432, 22338, 2665, 304, 5040, 963, 29889, 13, 16533, 5828, 28503, 1048, 278, 15474, 1008, 13, 2059, 14317, 373, 29871, 29900, 29955, 29899, 29900, 29941, 29899, 29896, 29945, 13, 855, 514, 279, 25635, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 7991, 3219, 16722, 262, 13, 10401, 11254, 322, 476, 16490, 10875, 446, 380, 15563, 2501, 385, 394, 819, 528, 4774, 280, 393, 756, 2982, 287, 373, 8437, 29892, 372, 29915, 645, 451, 871, 1735, 278, 3236, 310, 1009, 12080, 29892, 541, 310, 278, 4152, 3186, 29889, 323, 5086, 278, 528, 4774, 280, 964, 16980, 29892, 896, 6523, 263, 1568, 7200, 7751, 2175, 594, 7532, 411, 694, 697, 373, 7613, 29889, 422, 13990, 3241, 372, 29892, 896, 9659, 393, 591, 29915, 276, 451, 7432, 297, 278, 19859, 322, 1818, 19012, 278, 5199, 8175, 363, 825, 338, 1048, 304, 2041, 29889, 3599, 9216, 292, 515, 599, 975, 278, 3186, 29892, 896, 3380, 304, 7985, 1009, 22338, 322, 2048, 263, 12067, 362, 304, 2367, 25618, 263, 1701, 720, 1025, 297, 278, 15400, 29891, 29889, 13, 3112, 29915, 29879, 451, 1985, 363, 592, 13, 2059, 9428, 435, 747, 29890, 373, 29871, 29906, 29929, 29899, 29896, 29900, 29899, 29906, 29900, 13, 14343, 29879, 310, 1174, 1761, 358, 13, 29348, 9012, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 4485, 29877, 476, 417, 359, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 25556, 8432, 29879, 13, 1576, 1629, 338, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29900, 29947, 29892, 322, 278, 4644, 3082, 27094, 338, 20887, 292, 472, 278, 409, 2232, 29889, 1152, 281, 761, 598, 364, 1446, 763, 11571, 18956, 1100, 29892, 727, 526, 871, 1023, 5837, 714, 310, 278, 17268, 29899, 2429, 1145, 322, 977, 21155, 281, 761, 598, 3006, 4110, 29901, 887, 508, 4966, 304, 5401, 278, 3287, 22005, 322, 4216, 263, 23381, 373, 263, 784, 2592, 7751, 3604, 1847, 1283, 29899, 11526, 856, 272, 366, 508, 5988, 278, 2669, 29889, 2973, 278, 784, 2592, 3287, 22005, 263, 14282, 12561, 29892, 11571, 3060, 15806, 304, 427, 1761, 297, 278, 23926, 8249, 363, 263, 10322, 472, 1855, 9687, 29892, 263, 3240, 19211, 28920, 29892, 322, 5505, 263, 23381, 1283, 11563, 29889, 13, 29316, 277, 653, 5636, 18800, 297, 24300, 22135, 13, 2059, 11571, 2259, 390, 3660, 373, 29871, 29900, 29929, 29899, 29900, 29906, 29899, 29896, 29946, 13, 29965, 1799, 12372, 29901, 20492, 8948, 12039, 13, 29965, 1799, 12372, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 4485, 25843, 22805, 2559, 275, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 5011, 14875, 315, 1617, 262, 13, 1349, 681, 4167, 310, 17616, 526, 8967, 7123, 29892, 3704, 278, 7751, 29915, 29879, 15315, 29889, 6376 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.115549

-0.457799

-0.085509

-0.462229

uctantly, the young XO, Galvin Quintos, will be taking command of the fleet's crippled dreadnaught, the USS Hamilton, while doing his best to bring fleet survivors back to Earth. To make matters worse, there's a murderer running loose on board the ship, critically low fuel levels, and the Grish are back, in fast pursuit and ready to finish what they'd started. Only by sheer luck - and a good measure of cagey smarts - will Quintos be able to rise to the challenge. A poor vision of military personnel on a starship By J. Reuben on 26-07-21 Book 1, Repel Boarders (A LitRPG, Dungeon Core Adventure) By: Dean Henegar Narrated by: Jack Voraces As humanity expands into the stars, it discovers the universe is a hostile place. When Captain Slater of the USS Franklin is assigned to a deep-space reconnaissance mission, his ship is destroyed by an unknown alien race. Much to his surprise, Slater isn't killed - he's transformed. He is now a "derelict" - a consciousness bound to his old vessel. Interesting take on a dungeon core book By Morris on 02-09-20 Aurora: CV-01 Frontiers Saga, Book 1 By: Ryk Brown Narrated by: Jeffrey Kafer A world recovering from a devastating plague. A brutal enemy threatening invasion. A young man seeking to escape the shadow of his father. A ship manned by a crew of fresh academy graduates. A top-secret experimental propulsion system. A questionable alliance with a mysterious green-eyed woman. What destiny has in store for the crew of the UES Aurora is far greater than any of them could ever imagine. And this is only the beginning.... Great story, despite being occasionaly repetitive By logan on 12-07-14 Terran Scout Fleet, Book 1 By: Joshua Dalzelle Narrated by: Paul Heitsch Aliens exist...and, as it turns out, most of them aren't that friendly. Jacob Brown wasn't even born yet the first time they attacked Earth. He was only 14 the second time it happened. When Earth finally came together and fielded its first spaceborne military, Jacob didn't hesitate to volunteer. Serving aboard a mighty starship, he'd be able to defend his planet - and his family - when, inevitably, they came again. By Uncle Dunc. on 04-10-21 Jason Burke is a broken man. The loss of his friend and crewmate on an ill-fated mission to a Pillar World has left him in a downward spiral of rage and self-destruction. But what if Lucky hadn't actually died on that planet? While Omega Force tries to pull itself together for the sake of their friend, they also learn that a ruthless new faction has seized control of the ConFed Council and now threatens the stability of the entire quadrant. To make matters worse, the rise of this new regime might be their fault. By Emm on 23-12-21 The Catherine Kimbridge Chronicles #1 By: Andrew Beery Narrated by: Alexis Cruz 2067 was the year I died for the first time. It was painful. Had I known how often I'd be expected to die over the next several millennia, I might have made a stronger effort to stay dead. The year actually started off rather nice. I finished my PhD in high energy physics and was promoted to lieutenant commander in the United States Air Force. My first posting after the promotion was to the Lunar One Air Base where I worked with my father, Dr. Robert Kimbridge, on "The Project". Warmhearted Scifi By Longears on 09-09-20 Sol's warships paid the ultimate price for threatening the Haraken and New Terran worlds. Now, Haraken president Alex Racine and his Méridien partner, Renée de Guirnon, are engaged in a desperate gamble to stop a war between their worlds and United Earth's (UE) massive forces before it starts. What's Alex's grand plan? He hasn't a clue, but his people believe in him and hope he will find a way

[ 5313, 10835, 29892, 278, 4123, 1060, 29949, 29892, 5208, 3845, 29223, 359, 29892, 674, 367, 5622, 1899, 310, 278, 22338, 29915, 29879, 14783, 407, 839, 21005, 29876, 6482, 29892, 278, 17676, 12372, 29892, 1550, 2599, 670, 1900, 304, 6963, 22338, 10503, 440, 943, 1250, 304, 11563, 29889, 1763, 1207, 13750, 15029, 29892, 727, 29915, 29879, 263, 13406, 261, 2734, 23819, 373, 7613, 278, 7751, 29892, 3994, 1711, 4482, 26413, 11174, 29892, 322, 278, 1632, 728, 526, 1250, 29892, 297, 5172, 12359, 3121, 322, 7960, 304, 8341, 825, 896, 29915, 29881, 4687, 29889, 9333, 491, 1183, 261, 9885, 448, 322, 263, 1781, 5645, 310, 274, 482, 29891, 1560, 5708, 448, 674, 29223, 359, 367, 2221, 304, 14451, 304, 278, 18766, 29889, 13, 29909, 6460, 18551, 310, 9121, 24127, 373, 263, 5810, 3527, 13, 2059, 435, 29889, 830, 21341, 373, 29871, 29906, 29953, 29899, 29900, 29955, 29899, 29906, 29896, 13, 10967, 29871, 29896, 29892, 10088, 295, 12590, 414, 313, 29909, 21395, 29934, 16903, 29892, 11566, 25339, 10239, 21255, 545, 29897, 13, 2059, 29901, 23263, 4114, 387, 279, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 5457, 6266, 3302, 13, 2887, 5199, 537, 1518, 4167, 964, 278, 10819, 29892, 372, 17021, 874, 278, 19859, 338, 263, 3495, 488, 2058, 29889, 1932, 10842, 14866, 1008, 310, 278, 17676, 21504, 338, 9859, 304, 263, 6483, 29899, 3493, 25238, 9948, 10655, 29892, 670, 7751, 338, 14416, 491, 385, 9815, 394, 819, 8175, 29889, 18927, 304, 670, 16671, 29892, 14866, 1008, 3508, 29915, 29873, 9445, 448, 540, 29915, 29879, 27615, 29889, 940, 338, 1286, 263, 376, 672, 295, 919, 29908, 448, 263, 19861, 2264, 3216, 304, 670, 2030, 21239, 29889, 13, 4074, 342, 292, 2125, 373, 263, 270, 19440, 265, 7136, 3143, 13, 2059, 23112, 373, 29871, 29900, 29906, 29899, 29900, 29929, 29899, 29906, 29900, 13, 29909, 332, 2207, 29901, 25778, 29899, 29900, 29896, 13, 29348, 4285, 317, 7781, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 390, 12072, 9817, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 12208, 8903, 13680, 571, 13, 29909, 3186, 9792, 292, 515, 263, 2906, 579, 1218, 715, 3437, 29889, 319, 26644, 284, 11103, 20616, 292, 28425, 29889, 319, 4123, 767, 25738, 304, 10169, 278, 15504, 310, 670, 4783, 29889, 319, 7751, 767, 9571, 491, 263, 17616, 310, 10849, 263, 9567, 10591, 1078, 29889, 319, 2246, 29899, 19024, 17986, 3107, 25381, 1788, 29889, 319, 1139, 519, 394, 13036, 411, 263, 22277, 2738, 7933, 29899, 1032, 287, 6114, 29889, 1724, 2731, 4901, 756, 297, 3787, 363, 278, 17616, 310, 278, 501, 2890, 23266, 2207, 338, 2215, 7621, 1135, 738, 310, 963, 1033, 3926, 14034, 29889, 1126, 445, 338, 871, 278, 6763, 3045, 13, 25120, 271, 5828, 29892, 15020, 1641, 14882, 1848, 29891, 21159, 3321, 13, 2059, 1480, 273, 373, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29899, 29900, 29955, 29899, 29896, 29946, 13, 29911, 261, 661, 2522, 449, 13859, 300, 29892, 6726, 29871, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 22838, 3357, 9400, 29920, 1808, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 3739, 940, 20641, 13, 29909, 492, 575, 1863, 856, 392, 29892, 408, 372, 12169, 714, 29892, 1556, 310, 963, 9455, 29915, 29873, 393, 19780, 29889, 10968, 9817, 9007, 29915, 29873, 1584, 6345, 3447, 278, 937, 931, 896, 22630, 11563, 29889, 940, 471, 871, 29871, 29896, 29946, 278, 1473, 931, 372, 9559, 29889, 1932, 11563, 7146, 2996, 4208, 322, 1746, 287, 967, 937, 2913, 4089, 484, 9121, 29892, 10968, 3282, 29915, 29873, 19066, 10388, 304, 27886, 261, 29889, 1816, 1747, 633, 29877, 538, 263, 27977, 5810, 3527, 29892, 540, 29915, 29881, 367, 2221, 304, 24663, 670, 15754, 448, 322, 670, 3942, 448, 746, 29892, 297, 5750, 277, 2197, 29892, 896, 2996, 1449, 29889, 13, 2059, 29108, 360, 4661, 29889, 373, 29871, 29900, 29946, 29899, 29896, 29900, 29899, 29906, 29896, 13, 29967, 1658, 6640, 446, 338, 263, 9391, 767, 29889, 450, 6410, 310, 670, 5121, 322, 17616, 25046, 373, 385, 4486, 29899, 29888, 630, 10655, 304, 263, 349, 453, 279, 2787, 756, 2175, 1075, 297, 263, 1623, 1328, 6337, 284, 310, 1153, 479, 322, 1583, 29899, 7854, 4080, 29889, 1205, 825, 565, 365, 14395, 27222, 29915, 29873, 2869, 6423, 373, 393, 15754, 29973, 5806, 13352, 2442, 11004, 14335, 304, 8206, 3528, 4208, 363, 278, 16563, 310, 1009, 5121, 29892, 896, 884, 5110, 393, 263, 364, 2806, 2222, 716, 2258, 428, 756, 25291, 2761, 310, 278, 1281, 29943, 287, 8831, 322, 1286, 28469, 575, 278, 25806, 310, 278, 4152, 15448, 424, 29889, 1763, 1207, 13750, 15029, 29892, 278, 14451, 310, 445, 716, 22384, 1795, 367, 1009, 12570, 29889, 13, 2059, 2812, 29885, 373, 29871, 29906, 29941, 29899, 29896, 29906, 29899, 29906, 29896, 13, 1576, 21688, 12931, 18419, 15336, 4027, 396, 29896, 13, 2059, 29901, 11571, 1522, 708, 13, 29940, 2749, 630, 491, 29901, 4827, 275, 17960, 13, 29906, 29900, 29953, 29955, 471, 278, 1629, 306, 6423, 363, 278, 937, 931, 29889, 739, 471, 6788, 1319, 29889, 14302, 306, 2998, 920, 4049, 306, 29915, 29881, 367, 3806, 304, 762, 975, 278, 2446, 3196, 3533, 2108, 423, 29892, 306, 1795, 505, 1754, 263, 23505, 7225, 304, 7952, 7123, 29889, 450, 1629, 2869, 4687, 1283, 3265, 7575, 29889, 306, 7743, 590, 1963, 29928, 297, 1880, 5864, 17558, 322, 471, 21201, 304, 25097, 22079, 297, 278, 3303, 3900, 5593, 11004, 29889, 1619, 937, 16742, 1156, 278, 22360, 471, 304, 278, 365, 348, 279, 3118, 5593, 7399, 988, 306, 3796, 411, 590, 4783, 29892, 4942, 29889, 4755, 12931, 18419, 29892, 373, 376, 1576, 8010, 1642, 13, 29956, 2817, 23057, 287, 2522, 6832, 13, 2059, 365, 265, 479, 1503, 373, 29871, 29900, 29929, 29899, 29900, 29929, 29899, 29906, 29900, 13, 13296, 29915, 29879, 1370, 9981, 12530, 278, 8494, 6490, 8666, 363, 20616, 292, 278, 3536, 9424, 322, 1570, 5061, 661, 3186, 29879, 29889, 2567, 29892, 3536, 9424, 6673, 4827, 390, 562, 457, 322, 670, 341, 1064, 333, 819, 18096, 29892, 7493, 1318, 316, 2088, 381, 5464, 29892, 526, 17785, 297, 263, 553, 21194, 24988, 569, 304, 5040, 263, 1370, 1546, 1009, 3186, 29879, 322, 3303, 11563, 29915, 29879, 313, 4462, 29897, 20364, 8249, 1434, 372, 8665, 29889, 13, 5618, 29915, 29879, 4827, 29915, 29879, 4595, 3814, 29973, 940, 22602, 29915, 29873, 263, 23960, 29892, 541, 670, 2305, 4658, 297, 1075, 322, 4966, 540, 674, 1284, 263, 982 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.432766

0.005835

0.266411

-0.201368

to protect them. Alex does have powerful assets: the Haraken space fleet; the genius SADEs, mobile Haraken digital intelligences; and the defected UE scientists, who are providing a wealth of intelligence about their home world. Arriving at Sol, Alex discovers the perfect opportunity to make his statement to the UE Supreme Tribunal in the form of the aging Idona Station, which has fallen into disrepair as UE militia and rebels battle for control. Alex explains his unorthodox plan when he says, "The UE tribunes will succumb when we overpower them with prosperity." The Harakens work to meld Idona's militia, stationers, and rebels into the Haraken's view of the world, one based on peace, purpose, and equality. The Tribunal is at odds over the Harakens' interference in their system, forcing the rifts in the UE's political structure to widen into chasms. In the exciting conclusion to Haraken, the series' previous book, Sol is the story of a clash of cultures and ideals as Earthers struggle to find a way toward a successful new future. ©2016 S. H. Jucha (P)2016 Blackstone Audio, Inc. Clone Crisis Axis Crossing The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich What listeners say about Sol CJSILV Great book can't wait to listen to the next one love the story and the narration i highly recommend listening to this book These books are getting tired. At the start Alex was exciting and challenging but slowly over the books he has become arrogant and pompous and frankly the story has lost its edge. ODed01 Awesome as usual !!! Still one of the best series ever !!! S. H. Jucha and his Silver Ships series is amazing writing and imagination. Grover Gardner narrating is as perfect as he have done on the previous audiobooks in this beautiful series. Full heartedly recommendation !!!! The Harakens with President Alex Racine and Renee de Guirnon have arrived in the Sol system in the hopes of preventing a war. They take over the dilapidated Idona space station. They get the rebels and station Militia to work together. The corruption is stopped. Maintenance on the station begins with reasonable fees posted and fast, clean, safe service to ships. They also get the ore processing station open for business. The ships are returning to the station. First come the freighters and the ore haulers, then the passenger ships. Workers are paid and treated fairly and the Idona station becomes self-governing and most of all the economy is surging. The tribune that represents the Judiciary on the Tribunal Council orders an attack against the Harakens. The Harakens defeat the Judicial Naval force. The political battle for the UE widens. Can the Harakens help the citizens of Sol solve their problems and prevent a war with Haraken or a civil war? The book is well written. The plot twists and turns with lots of action and suspense. There is lots of personal interaction amongst the people as well as with the political leaders. There is subtle humor throughout as well as an upbeat attitude and hope. The book is easy to read and is most enjoyable. The book is twelve hours long. Grover Gardner does an excellent job narrating the book. Gardner has a voice that is very easy to listen to. Gardner is a multi-award-winning audiobook narrator. Michael G Kurilla Alex diffuses the march to war S H Jucha's Sol, the 5th installment in the Silver Ships series finds Alex Racine and his loyal. but eclectic band of brothers and sisters, journeying to Earth in an attempt to head off an eventual war with the UE (United Earth). In true Racine fashion, with no pre-arranged plan, Alex correctly interprets the economic issues that saddle the system and elects to commandeer a space station and show the Earthers how it's done. With expected resistance from the judicial branch of the government, Alex and his crew employ Haraken know-how and some well executed battle scenes to set in motion a long term relationship with Sol on peaceful terms. The sci-fi elements are in line with prior installments. The Sol system represents a more primitive society. The AIs play a central role as they are gaining confidence in their physical avatars, but the rest of Alex's crew is heavily involved. While the series has

[ 304, 12566, 963, 29889, 4827, 947, 505, 13988, 21608, 29901, 278, 3536, 9424, 2913, 22338, 29936, 278, 26858, 16698, 2287, 29879, 29892, 10426, 3536, 9424, 13436, 13052, 2063, 29936, 322, 278, 23503, 287, 14775, 9638, 2879, 29892, 1058, 526, 13138, 263, 17173, 310, 21082, 1048, 1009, 3271, 3186, 29889, 13, 1433, 1150, 292, 472, 4956, 29892, 4827, 17021, 874, 278, 4922, 15130, 304, 1207, 670, 3229, 304, 278, 14775, 22569, 16855, 17507, 297, 278, 883, 310, 278, 946, 292, 5163, 2681, 12039, 29892, 607, 756, 19225, 964, 766, 3445, 1466, 408, 14775, 5549, 423, 322, 15121, 1379, 10555, 363, 2761, 29889, 4827, 18568, 670, 443, 2072, 17324, 3814, 746, 540, 4083, 29892, 376, 1576, 14775, 9434, 7844, 674, 8348, 3774, 746, 591, 975, 13519, 963, 411, 25831, 537, 1213, 13, 1576, 3536, 557, 575, 664, 304, 286, 2495, 5163, 2681, 29915, 29879, 5549, 423, 29892, 5073, 414, 29892, 322, 15121, 1379, 964, 278, 3536, 9424, 29915, 29879, 1776, 310, 278, 3186, 29892, 697, 2729, 373, 10776, 29892, 6437, 29892, 322, 17193, 29889, 450, 16855, 17507, 338, 472, 7736, 29879, 975, 278, 3536, 557, 575, 29915, 1006, 1659, 297, 1009, 1788, 29892, 28172, 278, 17018, 1372, 297, 278, 14775, 29915, 29879, 8604, 3829, 304, 281, 3615, 964, 521, 294, 1516, 29889, 13, 797, 278, 5566, 11407, 15997, 304, 3536, 9424, 29892, 278, 3652, 29915, 3517, 3143, 29892, 4956, 338, 278, 5828, 310, 263, 1067, 1161, 310, 4185, 1973, 322, 1957, 1338, 408, 5290, 3341, 21117, 304, 1284, 263, 982, 11183, 263, 9150, 716, 5434, 29889, 13, 30211, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 317, 29889, 379, 29889, 435, 26609, 313, 29925, 29897, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 6054, 12734, 21764, 29892, 9266, 29889, 13, 6821, 650, 29524, 275, 13, 16070, 11189, 292, 13, 1576, 390, 895, 322, 14053, 310, 278, 18008, 9320, 13, 5618, 11621, 414, 1827, 1048, 4956, 13, 29907, 29967, 5425, 29931, 29963, 13, 25120, 271, 3143, 508, 29915, 29873, 4480, 304, 11621, 304, 278, 2446, 697, 5360, 278, 5828, 322, 278, 15474, 362, 474, 10712, 6907, 19866, 304, 445, 3143, 13, 1349, 968, 8277, 526, 2805, 23407, 29889, 13, 4178, 278, 1369, 4827, 471, 5566, 11407, 322, 18066, 292, 541, 14205, 975, 278, 8277, 540, 756, 4953, 564, 9102, 424, 322, 8280, 29886, 681, 322, 2524, 29895, 368, 278, 5828, 756, 5714, 967, 7636, 29889, 13, 13668, 287, 29900, 29896, 13, 29909, 29893, 14151, 408, 9670, 1738, 6824, 13, 855, 453, 697, 310, 278, 1900, 3652, 3926, 1738, 6824, 13, 29903, 29889, 379, 29889, 435, 26609, 322, 670, 16466, 1383, 4512, 3652, 338, 21863, 292, 5007, 322, 28038, 29889, 13, 29954, 307, 369, 15971, 1089, 15474, 1218, 338, 408, 4922, 408, 540, 505, 2309, 373, 278, 3517, 10348, 12733, 297, 445, 9560, 3652, 29889, 13, 13658, 5192, 23244, 29303, 1738, 21004, 13, 1576, 3536, 557, 575, 411, 7178, 4827, 390, 562, 457, 322, 390, 1600, 29872, 316, 2088, 381, 5464, 505, 11977, 297, 278, 4956, 1788, 297, 278, 26926, 310, 5557, 292, 263, 1370, 29889, 2688, 2125, 975, 278, 21749, 481, 333, 630, 5163, 2681, 2913, 5073, 29889, 2688, 679, 278, 15121, 1379, 322, 5073, 11544, 423, 304, 664, 4208, 29889, 450, 1034, 18953, 338, 11084, 29889, 4241, 841, 749, 373, 278, 5073, 16410, 411, 15590, 1238, 267, 8059, 322, 5172, 29892, 5941, 29892, 9109, 2669, 304, 13968, 29889, 2688, 884, 679, 278, 28074, 9068, 5073, 1722, 363, 5381, 29889, 450, 13968, 526, 7863, 304, 278, 5073, 29889, 3824, 2041, 278, 3005, 1141, 2153, 322, 278, 28074, 447, 352, 414, 29892, 769, 278, 28507, 13968, 29889, 5244, 414, 526, 12530, 322, 14914, 12558, 322, 278, 5163, 2681, 5073, 7415, 1583, 29899, 29887, 957, 1076, 322, 1556, 310, 599, 278, 26504, 338, 1190, 3460, 29889, 450, 9434, 1540, 393, 11524, 278, 8660, 1654, 653, 373, 278, 16855, 17507, 8831, 11299, 385, 5337, 2750, 278, 3536, 557, 575, 29889, 450, 3536, 557, 575, 20653, 278, 8660, 5611, 21590, 4889, 29889, 450, 8604, 10555, 363, 278, 14775, 9449, 575, 29889, 1815, 278, 3536, 557, 575, 1371, 278, 18363, 310, 4956, 4505, 1009, 4828, 322, 5557, 263, 1370, 411, 3536, 9424, 470, 263, 7631, 1370, 29973, 13, 1576, 3143, 338, 1532, 3971, 29889, 450, 6492, 3252, 2879, 322, 12169, 411, 14568, 310, 3158, 322, 8872, 1947, 29889, 1670, 338, 14568, 310, 7333, 14881, 22611, 278, 2305, 408, 1532, 408, 411, 278, 8604, 20251, 29889, 1670, 338, 12059, 280, 27448, 10106, 408, 1532, 408, 385, 701, 915, 271, 26309, 322, 4966, 29889, 450, 3143, 338, 4780, 304, 1303, 322, 338, 1556, 13389, 519, 29889, 13, 1576, 3143, 338, 17680, 6199, 1472, 29889, 6070, 369, 15971, 1089, 947, 385, 15129, 4982, 15474, 1218, 278, 3143, 29889, 15971, 1089, 756, 263, 7314, 393, 338, 1407, 4780, 304, 11621, 304, 29889, 15971, 1089, 338, 263, 2473, 29899, 29874, 1328, 29899, 5080, 1076, 10348, 2909, 15474, 1061, 29889, 13, 24083, 402, 9742, 2911, 13, 17406, 2923, 6394, 278, 8575, 304, 1370, 13, 29903, 379, 435, 26609, 29915, 29879, 4956, 29892, 278, 29871, 29945, 386, 2601, 358, 297, 278, 16466, 1383, 4512, 3652, 14061, 4827, 390, 562, 457, 322, 670, 28108, 29889, 541, 21226, 781, 293, 3719, 310, 21383, 322, 9883, 29879, 29892, 16342, 292, 304, 11563, 297, 385, 4218, 304, 2343, 1283, 385, 1741, 950, 1370, 411, 278, 14775, 313, 2525, 1573, 11563, 467, 512, 1565, 390, 562, 457, 13460, 29892, 411, 694, 758, 29899, 2749, 4618, 3814, 29892, 4827, 5149, 5133, 1372, 278, 17407, 5626, 393, 269, 22352, 278, 1788, 322, 3546, 29879, 304, 844, 4182, 261, 263, 2913, 5073, 322, 1510, 278, 5290, 3341, 920, 372, 29915, 29879, 2309, 29889, 2973, 3806, 17711, 515, 278, 6577, 5611, 5443, 310, 278, 5874, 29892, 4827, 322, 670, 17616, 5703, 3536, 9424, 1073, 29899, 3525, 322, 777, 1532, 8283, 10555, 20407, 304, 731, 297, 10884, 263, 1472, 1840, 9443, 411, 4956, 373, 10776, 1319, 4958, 29889, 13, 1576, 4560, 29899, 7241, 3161, 526, 297, 1196, 411, 7536, 2601, 1860, 29889, 450, 4956, 1788, 11524, 263, 901, 19269, 12459, 29889, 450, 319, 3624, 1708, 263, 6555, 6297, 408, 896, 526, 11581, 292, 16420, 297, 1009, 9128, 1029, 271, 1503, 29892, 541, 278, 1791, 310, 4827, 29915, 29879, 17616, 338, 20365, 9701, 29889, 5806, 278, 3652, 756 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.796852

0.312112

0.460079

0.456368

In Lemurian history the Lemurian race originally came from The Pleiades and Sirius. They looked for a planet to settle on, earth has so many resources survival here would be plentiful. They lived on earth from around 4,500,000BC to about 12,000 years ago, learning and developing as a heart based society. It is said they were the first humans; we all originate from Lemuria and carry their vibration, more evident in some. It is likely that if you are drawn to Lemurian energy it is strong in your DNA. Some would say that Lemuria was the basis for the stories of the Garden of Eden. Lemuria is also sometimes referred to as Mu, or the Motherland (of Mu). N.B. Some say the Lemurians were here up to 66 million years ago along side the dinosaurs, the jury is out on that one. They travelled the globe, some settling and starting civilisations such as Atlantis. Lemuria is feminine and heart based whereas Atlantis is masculine and mind based energy. Atlanteans had a great interest in wealth, power and outward expression. They built great cargo ships transporting millions of tons of copper to barter and great warships to conquer enemies. Lemurians had no military, they sailed the world to spread their knowledge of healing and spiritual development. They had a keen interest in agriculture and their herbalists had extensive knowledge never seen since. They continued to keep contact with their home and other galactic communities, through meditation and telepathy. They used crystals for fuel, healing, storing knowledge etc. When they had progressed as far as they could on earth there was a huge shift in the tectonic plates of the earth and the land of Lemuria sank in the pacific, leaving what is now known as Hawaii, the mountains of Polynesia and areas such as Bolivia. They knew this event was coming so some went home, some went underground, some went to Atlantis, while others settled beneath Mount Shasta in California and built the city of Telos. Any left gave up their material bodies to continue their evolution in spirit form. Plato wrote extensively about Atlantis and Lemuria. Rudolf Steiner, Madam Helen Blavatsky, Scott Elliot and Edgar Cayce have all referred to Lemuria in their channellings. Colonel James Churchward was a British early 20th century researcher, writer, a inventor, engineer and expert fisherman. He patented NCV Steel, armour plating to protect ships during the first world war, along with other alloys. In India he studied Naacal tablets of clay allegedly written 12-14,000 years ago about Lemuria (also named MU) and its destruction. He went on the write eight books on the subject. In 1945 a Japanese war ship ran aground off the coast of Japan and a strange stone formation was discovered off the Island of Yonaguni. It was 'D' day and the discovery was forgotten about until 1985 when the first photos were taken showing pre-historic masonry. Five more sites have been found off three nearby islands showing altar like formations, grand staircases and huge angular structures. 500km of underwater terrain of what appears to be components of a large pre-Inca island were discovered in total. Some researchers believe this is part of the sunken island of Lemuria. Lemurians would congregate on huge platforms so they could meditate together daily. Robert Schoch and Graham Hancock have both written extensively on the subject, Graham has written Heaven's Mirror and made a channel four programme of the same name. In 2001 Paul Weinzweig and Pauline Zalitzki discovered the remains of an ancient city submerged off the coast of Cuba, within the boundaries of the Bermuda Triangle. The ancient city is 600 feet below the ocean and the team of researchers are convinced that it is Atlantis or Lemuria. In 2001 researchers from the National Institute of Oceanography announced the discovery of ruins of a complex underwater city off the coast of North West India. The structure consists of an elaborate and highly sophisticated system of buildings with roads and drainage systems, indicating a highly evolved civilisation, long before historians had previously thought possible. Scientists and archaeologists have dated the site to the end of the ice age around 10,000BC. It seems more and more sites are

[ 512, 8836, 332, 713, 4955, 278, 8836, 332, 713, 8175, 10437, 2996, 515, 450, 349, 16301, 3076, 322, 6101, 374, 375, 29889, 2688, 5148, 363, 263, 15754, 304, 3604, 280, 373, 29892, 8437, 756, 577, 1784, 7788, 10503, 2561, 1244, 723, 367, 715, 296, 6845, 29889, 2688, 10600, 373, 8437, 515, 2820, 29871, 29946, 29892, 29945, 29900, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 5371, 304, 1048, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 2440, 8020, 29892, 6509, 322, 14338, 408, 263, 5192, 2729, 12459, 29889, 739, 338, 1497, 896, 892, 278, 937, 25618, 29936, 591, 599, 3978, 403, 515, 8836, 26607, 322, 8677, 1009, 325, 26218, 29892, 901, 13602, 297, 777, 29889, 739, 338, 5517, 393, 565, 366, 526, 12061, 304, 8836, 332, 713, 5864, 372, 338, 4549, 297, 596, 25348, 29889, 3834, 723, 1827, 393, 8836, 26607, 471, 278, 8405, 363, 278, 15874, 310, 278, 19906, 310, 382, 1145, 29889, 8836, 26607, 338, 884, 6041, 12992, 304, 408, 8229, 29892, 470, 278, 21869, 1049, 313, 974, 8229, 467, 13, 29940, 29889, 29933, 29889, 3834, 1827, 278, 8836, 5338, 550, 892, 1244, 701, 304, 29871, 29953, 29953, 7284, 2440, 8020, 3412, 2625, 278, 4538, 3628, 1295, 29892, 278, 432, 2857, 338, 714, 373, 393, 697, 29889, 13, 15597, 9850, 839, 278, 15482, 915, 29892, 777, 3604, 1847, 322, 6257, 7631, 275, 800, 1316, 408, 8920, 424, 275, 29889, 8836, 26607, 338, 21991, 457, 322, 5192, 2729, 13452, 8920, 424, 275, 338, 21799, 457, 322, 3458, 2729, 5864, 29889, 8920, 1647, 550, 750, 263, 2107, 4066, 297, 17173, 29892, 3081, 322, 714, 1328, 4603, 29889, 2688, 4240, 2107, 17040, 13968, 8608, 292, 14746, 310, 23864, 310, 1302, 2496, 304, 2594, 357, 322, 2107, 1370, 9981, 304, 26474, 22595, 29889, 8836, 5338, 550, 750, 694, 9121, 29892, 896, 872, 2356, 278, 3186, 304, 9677, 1009, 7134, 310, 540, 12818, 322, 20954, 5849, 29889, 2688, 750, 263, 28430, 4066, 297, 18032, 545, 322, 1009, 902, 5521, 2879, 750, 20607, 7134, 2360, 3595, 1951, 29889, 13, 15597, 7572, 304, 3013, 6958, 411, 1009, 3271, 322, 916, 6898, 17911, 23507, 29892, 1549, 1612, 7018, 322, 4382, 2084, 29891, 29889, 2688, 1304, 10901, 303, 1338, 363, 26413, 29892, 540, 12818, 29892, 15446, 7134, 2992, 29889, 13, 10401, 896, 750, 6728, 287, 408, 2215, 408, 896, 1033, 373, 8437, 727, 471, 263, 12176, 9500, 297, 278, 260, 522, 8927, 715, 1078, 310, 278, 8437, 322, 278, 2982, 310, 8836, 26607, 269, 804, 297, 278, 22906, 928, 29892, 10124, 825, 338, 1286, 2998, 408, 26901, 29875, 29892, 278, 19223, 310, 2043, 948, 28666, 322, 10161, 1316, 408, 25765, 423, 29889, 2688, 6363, 445, 1741, 471, 6421, 577, 777, 3512, 3271, 29892, 777, 3512, 1090, 2057, 29892, 777, 3512, 304, 8920, 424, 275, 29892, 1550, 4045, 17141, 19540, 8040, 1383, 5427, 297, 8046, 322, 4240, 278, 4272, 310, 18815, 359, 29889, 3139, 2175, 4846, 701, 1009, 5518, 17873, 304, 6773, 1009, 14675, 297, 8548, 883, 29889, 13, 3247, 1219, 5456, 21103, 3598, 1048, 8920, 424, 275, 322, 8836, 26607, 29889, 19027, 2443, 4983, 29892, 4104, 314, 21758, 350, 4112, 271, 7912, 29892, 8075, 26656, 327, 322, 2155, 5397, 315, 388, 346, 505, 599, 12992, 304, 8836, 26607, 297, 1009, 521, 812, 514, 886, 29889, 13, 1625, 11064, 5011, 6291, 1328, 471, 263, 4908, 4688, 29871, 29906, 29900, 386, 6462, 5925, 261, 29892, 9227, 29892, 263, 11817, 272, 29892, 22055, 322, 17924, 9427, 3504, 29889, 940, 2373, 14927, 405, 15633, 2443, 295, 29892, 5075, 473, 715, 1218, 304, 12566, 13968, 2645, 278, 937, 3186, 1370, 29892, 3412, 411, 916, 25169, 952, 29889, 512, 7513, 540, 12399, 4465, 562, 284, 1591, 1372, 310, 1067, 388, 16831, 23244, 3971, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29899, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 2440, 8020, 1048, 8836, 26607, 313, 15189, 4257, 341, 29965, 29897, 322, 967, 22104, 29889, 940, 3512, 373, 278, 2436, 9475, 8277, 373, 278, 4967, 29889, 13, 797, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29945, 263, 10369, 1370, 7751, 6350, 263, 2057, 1283, 278, 12180, 310, 5546, 322, 263, 8515, 12565, 12409, 471, 10943, 1283, 278, 7935, 310, 612, 265, 351, 3909, 29889, 739, 471, 525, 29928, 29915, 2462, 322, 278, 20699, 471, 20898, 1048, 2745, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29945, 746, 278, 937, 20612, 892, 4586, 6445, 758, 29899, 16211, 293, 286, 1658, 719, 29889, 22853, 901, 11840, 505, 1063, 1476, 1283, 2211, 20810, 24191, 6445, 5272, 279, 763, 883, 800, 29892, 4595, 380, 1466, 11436, 322, 12176, 6401, 12286, 29889, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29900, 8848, 310, 1090, 13405, 28439, 310, 825, 5692, 304, 367, 7117, 310, 263, 2919, 758, 29899, 797, 1113, 11359, 892, 10943, 297, 3001, 29889, 3834, 5925, 414, 4658, 445, 338, 760, 310, 278, 6575, 1717, 11359, 310, 8836, 26607, 29889, 8836, 5338, 550, 723, 378, 7642, 403, 373, 12176, 21796, 577, 896, 1033, 1612, 10388, 4208, 14218, 29889, 13, 9588, 2151, 1102, 2878, 322, 22196, 7169, 24956, 505, 1716, 3971, 21103, 3598, 373, 278, 4967, 29892, 22196, 756, 3971, 22977, 29915, 29879, 11612, 729, 322, 1754, 263, 8242, 3023, 19607, 310, 278, 1021, 1024, 29889, 13, 797, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29896, 3739, 26331, 29920, 28082, 322, 3739, 457, 796, 284, 2784, 1984, 10943, 278, 9242, 310, 385, 12297, 4272, 1014, 1050, 3192, 1283, 278, 12180, 310, 23653, 29892, 2629, 278, 24371, 310, 278, 350, 837, 6191, 8602, 2521, 29889, 450, 12297, 4272, 338, 29871, 29953, 29900, 29900, 6900, 2400, 278, 23474, 322, 278, 3815, 310, 5925, 414, 526, 25617, 393, 372, 338, 8920, 424, 275, 470, 8836, 26607, 29889, 13, 797, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29896, 5925, 414, 515, 278, 3086, 8907, 310, 21091, 5275, 9326, 278, 20699, 310, 5796, 1144, 310, 263, 4280, 1090, 13405, 4272, 1283, 278, 12180, 310, 4644, 3122, 7513, 29889, 450, 3829, 11624, 310, 385, 19430, 322, 10712, 269, 3021, 4695, 630, 1788, 310, 13814, 411, 25320, 322, 270, 6038, 482, 6757, 29892, 23941, 263, 10712, 15220, 1490, 7631, 4371, 29892, 1472, 1434, 3603, 5834, 750, 9251, 2714, 1950, 29889, 13, 29903, 15566, 2879, 322, 3190, 3660, 1189, 2879, 505, 29797, 278, 3268, 304, 278, 1095, 310, 278, 14890, 5046, 2820, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 5371, 29889, 13, 3112, 2444, 901, 322, 901, 11840, 526 ]

1,024

C4

0.538732

0.966195

2.683676

0.633451

Home » Travel The real Narnia April 2, 2017 11:29 am / Leave a comment Today I fulfilled a childhood dream, and explored Narnia. Really. There is something appropriate in the fact that i entered through a train platform, no less. For years, taking the train up to Assisi or Florence, one of the stations you pass is Narni-Amelia, and inevitably one thinks of Narnia. But it looks like a small town with little to recommend it, so i have blithely passed on by, spending my rare travel days in more exotic locations. I have always chalked up the similarity to coincidence. Silly me. The first clue Narni is the Italianized name, of course, for a mid-sized town perched on a hill 800′ above sea level, and rising over the Nera river from which it probably got its original name. Settled by the Umbri – neighbors of the Etruscans – sometime before 600 B.C., the village was called Nequinum. As they were wont to do, the Romans showed up a few centuries later, and in about 300 B.C., it became a proper Roman municipality, and, as the original name sounded something like "unable/worthless" in Latin, the name was changed to, you guessed it, Narnia. As you enter town, remains of an Augustan bridge still straddle some of the valley, built in 27 B.C.. Around the time that Jesus of Nazareth began his itinerant ministry in the Galilee, the future emperor Marcus Cocceius Nerva (96-98) was born here. Pliny the Younger (whose description of Vesuvius gave his name, 'Plinian', to that manner of volcanic eruption) recommends the baths here. Near the Ponte Cardona is a marker and a sign in several languages indicating that you are now at the geographic center of Italy.* According to a 2002 biography of C.S. Lewis, by Lancelyn Green, When Walter Hooper asked [C. S. Lewis] where he found the word 'Narnia', Lewis showed him Murray's Small Classical Atlas, ed. G.B. Grundy (1904), which he acquired when he was reading the classics with Mr Kirkpatrick at Great Bookham [1914–1917]. On plate 8 of the Atlas is a map of ancient Italy. Lewis had underscored the name of a little town called Narnia, simply because he liked the sound of it. There is no record of Lewis actually visiting Narni, but the name is not the only connection. There is also a Blessed Lucy of Narnia, a 16th century mystic, whose remains were restored to Narni at about the time that Lewis began to think up his Chronicles.I cannot help but think that the fact that a mystical creature is the city's symbol and coat of arms couldn't hurt, either. Rocca Albornoziana (Cair Paravel?) If you want to go both higher up and further in, two of the features of the town are the Rocca Albornoziana at the highest point, and the relatively recently rediscovered rooms of the Narni Sotterranea, excavated underneath the deconsecrated Church of San Domenico. As one walks up through the city toward the 13th century castle – built to defend against Saracen invaders – one can imagine inspiration for Cair Paravel. In good shape, with a lot of modern construction to support a small museum, this is the site of some serious summer medieval fair experiences, it seems. Named for Cardinal Egidio Albornoz, apostolic vicar responsible for restoring the military influence of the Avignon popes in the Italian peninsula in the 1350's and '60's. On the other hand, the history of the underground reads more like Grossman's The Magicians than Lewis' Chronicles of Narnia. In the late seventies (more than a decade after Lewis' death) a small band of young people from Narni had formed a kind of spelunking club, and discovered a small crack that lead into an underground chamber, which turned out to be the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel, a twelfth century chapel. Along with the

[ 8778, 2047, 3201, 955, 13, 1576, 1855, 405, 2753, 423, 13, 29909, 3193, 29871, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29955, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29901, 29906, 29929, 626, 847, 951, 1351, 263, 3440, 13, 29911, 397, 388, 306, 6095, 26940, 263, 2278, 6614, 12561, 29892, 322, 3902, 4395, 405, 2753, 423, 29889, 830, 635, 29889, 13, 8439, 338, 1554, 8210, 297, 278, 2114, 393, 474, 7802, 1549, 263, 7945, 7481, 29892, 694, 3109, 29889, 13, 2831, 2440, 29892, 5622, 278, 7945, 701, 304, 4007, 10770, 470, 23998, 29892, 697, 310, 278, 16355, 366, 1209, 338, 16080, 1240, 29899, 6833, 18556, 29892, 322, 297, 5750, 277, 2197, 697, 22405, 310, 405, 2753, 423, 29889, 1205, 372, 3430, 763, 263, 2319, 4726, 411, 2217, 304, 6907, 372, 29892, 577, 474, 505, 1999, 389, 873, 4502, 373, 491, 29892, 805, 2548, 590, 10812, 9850, 3841, 297, 901, 429, 13574, 14354, 29889, 306, 505, 2337, 521, 2235, 287, 701, 278, 29501, 304, 22819, 5084, 29889, 5664, 368, 592, 29889, 13, 1576, 937, 23960, 13, 29940, 279, 1240, 338, 278, 10545, 1891, 1024, 29892, 310, 3236, 29892, 363, 263, 7145, 29899, 29879, 1891, 4726, 639, 26902, 373, 263, 17306, 29871, 29947, 29900, 29900, 30139, 2038, 7205, 3233, 29892, 322, 20493, 975, 278, 405, 1572, 8580, 515, 607, 372, 3117, 2355, 967, 2441, 1024, 29889, 317, 1803, 839, 491, 278, 6379, 29890, 374, 785, 22092, 943, 310, 278, 382, 509, 22142, 550, 785, 1047, 5410, 1434, 29871, 29953, 29900, 29900, 350, 29889, 29907, 1696, 278, 5720, 471, 2000, 405, 1686, 262, 398, 29889, 1094, 896, 892, 20668, 304, 437, 29892, 278, 6033, 550, 10018, 701, 263, 2846, 21726, 2678, 29892, 322, 297, 1048, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29900, 350, 29889, 29907, 1696, 372, 3897, 263, 1571, 5917, 21511, 29892, 322, 29892, 408, 278, 2441, 1024, 6047, 287, 1554, 763, 376, 348, 519, 29914, 12554, 2222, 29908, 297, 13548, 29892, 278, 1024, 471, 3939, 304, 29892, 366, 4140, 287, 372, 29892, 405, 2753, 423, 29889, 13, 2887, 366, 3896, 4726, 29892, 9242, 310, 385, 3111, 273, 12945, 1603, 851, 22352, 777, 310, 278, 19599, 29892, 4240, 297, 29871, 29906, 29955, 350, 29889, 29907, 636, 826, 618, 278, 931, 393, 13825, 310, 11409, 598, 386, 4689, 670, 372, 4983, 424, 1375, 6020, 297, 278, 5208, 488, 29872, 29892, 278, 5434, 953, 13651, 27390, 315, 542, 346, 2482, 405, 25461, 313, 29929, 29953, 29899, 29929, 29947, 29897, 471, 6345, 1244, 29889, 1858, 4901, 278, 10443, 261, 313, 1332, 852, 6139, 310, 478, 267, 29884, 1403, 375, 4846, 670, 1024, 29892, 525, 29925, 1915, 713, 742, 304, 393, 8214, 310, 1700, 3068, 293, 604, 29884, 683, 29897, 5052, 1975, 278, 27683, 29879, 1244, 29889, 26206, 278, 349, 9568, 9160, 2681, 338, 263, 17456, 322, 263, 1804, 297, 3196, 10276, 23941, 393, 366, 526, 1286, 472, 278, 1737, 12122, 4818, 310, 12730, 5575, 13, 7504, 3278, 304, 263, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 4768, 5275, 310, 315, 29889, 29903, 29889, 15037, 29892, 491, 24994, 873, 29876, 7646, 29892, 13, 10401, 10705, 8335, 3372, 4433, 518, 29907, 29889, 317, 29889, 15037, 29962, 988, 540, 1476, 278, 1734, 525, 29940, 2753, 423, 742, 15037, 10018, 1075, 22340, 29915, 29879, 18285, 4134, 936, 27076, 29892, 1226, 29889, 402, 29889, 29933, 29889, 10197, 29891, 313, 29896, 29929, 29900, 29946, 511, 607, 540, 16692, 746, 540, 471, 5183, 278, 770, 1199, 411, 3237, 26424, 5031, 9131, 472, 7027, 6726, 3391, 518, 29896, 29929, 29896, 29946, 29994, 29896, 29929, 29896, 29955, 1822, 1551, 15284, 29871, 29947, 310, 278, 27076, 338, 263, 2910, 310, 12297, 12730, 29889, 15037, 750, 23400, 2616, 287, 278, 1024, 310, 263, 2217, 4726, 2000, 405, 2753, 423, 29892, 3763, 1363, 540, 23289, 278, 6047, 310, 372, 29889, 13, 8439, 338, 694, 2407, 310, 15037, 2869, 6493, 292, 16080, 1240, 29892, 541, 278, 1024, 338, 451, 278, 871, 3957, 29889, 1670, 338, 884, 263, 350, 2222, 287, 28846, 310, 405, 2753, 423, 29892, 263, 29871, 29896, 29953, 386, 6462, 16624, 293, 29892, 5069, 9242, 892, 23119, 304, 16080, 1240, 472, 1048, 278, 931, 393, 15037, 4689, 304, 1348, 701, 670, 15336, 4027, 29889, 29902, 2609, 1371, 541, 1348, 393, 278, 2114, 393, 263, 16624, 936, 23940, 338, 278, 4272, 29915, 29879, 5829, 322, 24296, 310, 10188, 8496, 29915, 29873, 21682, 29892, 2845, 29889, 13, 29934, 542, 1113, 838, 4089, 1217, 29920, 3857, 313, 29907, 1466, 1459, 6447, 7897, 13, 3644, 366, 864, 304, 748, 1716, 6133, 701, 322, 4340, 297, 29892, 1023, 310, 278, 5680, 310, 278, 4726, 526, 278, 25111, 1113, 838, 4089, 1217, 29920, 3857, 472, 278, 9939, 1298, 29892, 322, 278, 13774, 10325, 29825, 11911, 287, 19600, 310, 278, 16080, 1240, 317, 327, 357, 10800, 29874, 29892, 5566, 485, 630, 1090, 484, 493, 278, 316, 535, 3471, 29878, 630, 6291, 310, 3087, 360, 2770, 1417, 29889, 13, 2887, 697, 17042, 2039, 701, 1549, 278, 4272, 11183, 278, 29871, 29896, 29941, 386, 6462, 20610, 785, 4240, 304, 24663, 2750, 7745, 562, 264, 2437, 24574, 785, 697, 508, 14034, 8681, 12232, 363, 315, 1466, 1459, 6447, 29889, 512, 1781, 8267, 29892, 411, 263, 3287, 310, 5400, 7632, 304, 2304, 263, 2319, 19133, 29892, 445, 338, 278, 3268, 310, 777, 10676, 11801, 27690, 6534, 27482, 29892, 372, 2444, 29889, 405, 2795, 363, 9160, 979, 14304, 333, 601, 838, 4089, 1217, 29920, 29892, 18115, 324, 293, 9467, 279, 14040, 363, 1791, 8253, 278, 9121, 9949, 310, 278, 7740, 29582, 1835, 267, 297, 278, 10545, 6584, 1144, 2497, 297, 278, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29945, 29900, 29915, 29879, 322, 525, 29953, 29900, 29915, 29879, 29889, 13, 2951, 278, 916, 1361, 29892, 278, 4955, 310, 278, 1090, 2057, 13623, 901, 763, 402, 2124, 1171, 29915, 29879, 450, 3561, 14722, 1135, 15037, 29915, 15336, 4027, 310, 405, 2753, 423, 29889, 512, 278, 5683, 16741, 583, 313, 5514, 1135, 263, 316, 6332, 1156, 15037, 29915, 4892, 29897, 263, 2319, 3719, 310, 4123, 2305, 515, 16080, 1240, 750, 8429, 263, 2924, 310, 18389, 2960, 292, 4402, 29892, 322, 10943, 263, 2319, 26755, 393, 3275, 964, 385, 1090, 2057, 24171, 29892, 607, 6077, 714, 304, 367, 278, 6291, 310, 4107, 5765, 278, 2595, 9477, 29892, 263, 3252, 761, 386, 6462, 10708, 295, 29889, 838, 549, 411, 278 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.611971

0.20034

1.647193

0.764998

chapel are a series of rooms that turn out to be cells and a torture chamber, used by the Inquisition for a period of about three centuries. Extensive graffiti in one of the cells left by prisoners from about 1745 to 1854. archives related to the activity of the tribunal based in Narni were part of the collection stolen by Napoleon Bonaparte from the Vatican and related to Paris; when the collection was possible to be returned, Vatican authorities at the time sought to preserve only a handful of the Inquisitions records (such as the trial of the Templars) and let the rest to be recycled. One box found its way to Trinity College, Dublin, including some from the Narni tribunal. Certainly, worth the day trip from Rome! View of Narni from Rocca Albornozania, complete with trebuchet and battering ram *Apparently at least a couple other places also claim to be at the geographic center of Italy. The Italian Military Geographic Institute does not endorse any of them, as ""the (Italian) boot is not a geometric design and therefore it is impossible to determine the exact position of the centre of Italy" Into the Desert November 20, 2015 10:59 am / Leave a comment As I continue my research fellowship at Tantur, marveling at the amount of work one can do on a doctorate when one has normal access to a library and is not working four or five part time jobs, I have had some occasions to join the sabbatical program on a couple of their excursions. For the last two days, we went into the desert: Qumran, Masada, floating the Dead Sea, overnight at Kibbutz Mash'abei Sadeh, Makhtesh HaGadol, and lunch with a family of Negev Beduin. Qumran is the archaeological site between the Dead Sea and the caves on the eastern slopes of the Judean mountains, just over 20 km due east of Jerusalem as the Tristramit fly. Eleven of the scores of caves in the hills contained over 900 manuscripts dating about 2000 years old, most of which include what later became the canonical books of the Hebrew Bible (except Esther), leading to some connections between Qumran and the treasury of scrolls found in the caves, and this is what drives interest in Qumran, as it is, by itself, a fairly small archaeological site. The scriptural texts were a millennium older than the previous oldest surviving manuscripts, giving us a measure for the development over time, and the impressive consistency. Masada is a desert fortress situated on a massive mesa 53km southeast of Jerusalem, towering over the Dead Sea. To say it is impressive is an understatement almost as massive. Linked with the Hasmonean Maccabee revolt in the mid-second century before Christ, it was developed on a grand scale under Herod the Great in the 30s and 20s B.C., and used again by the Sicarii, the Zealots, during the revolt against the Romans that resulted in the destruction of the Temple in 70 A.D./C.E. It was during this conflict that the Romans besieged Masada, recounted to us by Flavius Josephus (who was not actually present). The remains of the roman siege can still be seen: several siege camps and a siege wall are still visible from high up in the fortress, as is a massive ramp built by the Romans to access the fortress from the desert floor without having to scramble up the narrow 'snake path' that lead to the front gate. Masada, Roman siege ramp on right The Dead Sea probably needs little explanation, but it is hard to describe the feeling of getting in and feeling the seemingly unnatural buoyancy, owing to its 35% salinity. It is said that when Vespasian came to the Sea during the Roman-Jewish War in the late 60's, he threw Jewish prisoners into the sea while bound to see if they really would float – and they did, despite being unable to swim. Then valuable for its salt, now the stuff piles up uselessly as the lake is process more for other minerals: bromides, potash, magnesium. More than 400 meters below sea level (at the surface) and another

[ 10708, 295, 526, 263, 3652, 310, 19600, 393, 2507, 714, 304, 367, 9101, 322, 263, 16263, 545, 24171, 29892, 1304, 491, 278, 512, 23493, 363, 263, 3785, 310, 1048, 2211, 21726, 29889, 7338, 6270, 2646, 600, 4812, 297, 697, 310, 278, 9101, 2175, 491, 22979, 515, 1048, 29871, 29896, 29955, 29946, 29945, 304, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29945, 29946, 29889, 3190, 3145, 4475, 304, 278, 6354, 310, 278, 9434, 17507, 2729, 297, 16080, 1240, 892, 760, 310, 278, 4333, 380, 18975, 491, 24265, 8396, 481, 11908, 515, 278, 478, 271, 2185, 322, 4475, 304, 3681, 29936, 746, 278, 4333, 471, 1950, 304, 367, 4133, 29892, 478, 271, 2185, 21142, 472, 278, 931, 18365, 304, 19905, 871, 263, 1361, 1319, 310, 278, 512, 7680, 2187, 6475, 313, 14565, 408, 278, 14260, 310, 278, 6789, 572, 1503, 29897, 322, 1235, 278, 1791, 304, 367, 1162, 11078, 839, 29889, 3118, 3800, 1476, 967, 982, 304, 1605, 13593, 6346, 29892, 24533, 29892, 3704, 777, 515, 278, 16080, 1240, 9434, 17507, 29889, 13, 29907, 13946, 368, 29892, 7088, 278, 2462, 17487, 515, 9184, 29991, 13, 1043, 310, 16080, 1240, 515, 25111, 1113, 838, 4089, 1217, 29920, 4807, 29892, 4866, 411, 2578, 8458, 300, 322, 10193, 292, 13472, 13, 29930, 2052, 279, 2705, 472, 3203, 263, 7303, 916, 7600, 884, 5995, 304, 367, 472, 278, 1737, 12122, 4818, 310, 12730, 29889, 450, 10545, 20080, 26304, 8907, 947, 451, 1095, 272, 344, 738, 310, 963, 29892, 408, 5124, 1552, 313, 10512, 713, 29897, 6579, 338, 451, 263, 26224, 2874, 322, 5480, 372, 338, 9301, 304, 8161, 278, 2684, 2602, 310, 278, 8442, 310, 12730, 29908, 13, 797, 517, 278, 2726, 814, 13, 25363, 1096, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29901, 29945, 29929, 626, 847, 951, 1351, 263, 3440, 13, 2887, 306, 6773, 590, 5925, 10404, 3527, 472, 323, 424, 332, 29892, 1766, 955, 292, 472, 278, 5253, 310, 664, 697, 508, 437, 373, 263, 11619, 403, 746, 697, 756, 4226, 2130, 304, 263, 3489, 322, 338, 451, 1985, 3023, 470, 5320, 760, 931, 17643, 29892, 306, 505, 750, 777, 26108, 304, 5988, 278, 269, 8846, 271, 936, 1824, 373, 263, 7303, 310, 1009, 5566, 1295, 1080, 29889, 13, 2831, 278, 1833, 1023, 3841, 29892, 591, 3512, 964, 278, 18197, 29901, 660, 398, 661, 29892, 8622, 1114, 29892, 16526, 278, 16992, 14070, 29892, 975, 11147, 472, 476, 747, 4187, 29920, 341, 1161, 29915, 12410, 317, 1943, 29882, 29892, 17232, 400, 12094, 5952, 29954, 328, 324, 29892, 322, 301, 3322, 411, 263, 3942, 310, 12610, 5750, 350, 6085, 262, 29889, 13, 29984, 398, 661, 338, 278, 3190, 3660, 5996, 3268, 1546, 278, 16992, 14070, 322, 278, 274, 5989, 373, 278, 18632, 269, 4757, 267, 310, 278, 435, 1151, 273, 19223, 29892, 925, 975, 29871, 29906, 29900, 2383, 2861, 9755, 310, 23204, 408, 278, 1605, 2132, 314, 277, 11340, 29889, 8317, 854, 310, 278, 19435, 310, 274, 5989, 297, 278, 22696, 11122, 975, 29871, 29929, 29900, 29900, 27593, 29879, 270, 1218, 1048, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29900, 2440, 2030, 29892, 1556, 310, 607, 3160, 825, 2678, 3897, 278, 24420, 8277, 310, 278, 18472, 3973, 21958, 313, 19499, 2661, 2276, 511, 8236, 304, 777, 12368, 1546, 660, 398, 661, 322, 278, 2578, 294, 2857, 310, 6355, 29879, 1476, 297, 278, 274, 5989, 29892, 322, 445, 338, 825, 25100, 4066, 297, 660, 398, 661, 29892, 408, 372, 338, 29892, 491, 3528, 29892, 263, 12558, 2319, 3190, 3660, 5996, 3268, 29889, 450, 2471, 3631, 26442, 892, 263, 3533, 264, 1240, 398, 9642, 1135, 278, 3517, 23947, 10503, 4357, 27593, 29879, 29892, 6820, 502, 263, 5645, 363, 278, 5849, 975, 931, 29892, 322, 278, 21210, 573, 5718, 3819, 29889, 13, 29924, 294, 1114, 338, 263, 18197, 363, 509, 404, 24046, 373, 263, 20364, 4883, 29874, 29871, 29945, 29941, 8848, 13267, 15879, 310, 23204, 29892, 19372, 292, 975, 278, 16992, 14070, 29889, 1763, 1827, 372, 338, 21210, 573, 338, 385, 1090, 20788, 4359, 408, 20364, 29889, 28547, 411, 278, 379, 11625, 650, 273, 4326, 29883, 370, 3905, 13819, 29873, 297, 278, 7145, 29899, 7496, 6462, 1434, 2819, 29892, 372, 471, 8906, 373, 263, 4595, 6287, 1090, 2439, 397, 278, 7027, 297, 278, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29879, 322, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29879, 350, 29889, 29907, 1696, 322, 1304, 1449, 491, 278, 18349, 1306, 29875, 29892, 278, 3091, 284, 1862, 29892, 2645, 278, 13819, 29873, 2750, 278, 6033, 550, 393, 20601, 297, 278, 22104, 310, 278, 18057, 297, 29871, 29955, 29900, 319, 29889, 29928, 6904, 29907, 29889, 29923, 29889, 739, 471, 2645, 445, 14529, 393, 278, 6033, 550, 3008, 347, 3192, 8622, 1114, 29892, 1162, 792, 287, 304, 502, 491, 383, 433, 1403, 375, 6936, 375, 313, 15970, 471, 451, 2869, 2198, 467, 450, 9242, 310, 278, 9728, 2686, 479, 508, 1603, 367, 3595, 29901, 3196, 2686, 479, 3949, 567, 322, 263, 2686, 479, 10090, 526, 1603, 7962, 515, 1880, 701, 297, 278, 363, 509, 404, 29892, 408, 338, 263, 20364, 364, 1160, 4240, 491, 278, 6033, 550, 304, 2130, 278, 363, 509, 404, 515, 278, 18197, 11904, 1728, 2534, 304, 885, 2572, 569, 701, 278, 12474, 525, 29879, 21040, 2224, 29915, 393, 3275, 304, 278, 4565, 12417, 29889, 13, 29924, 294, 1114, 29892, 5917, 2686, 479, 364, 1160, 373, 1492, 13, 1576, 16992, 14070, 3117, 4225, 2217, 8252, 29892, 541, 372, 338, 2898, 304, 8453, 278, 11223, 310, 2805, 297, 322, 11223, 278, 2833, 11687, 443, 25047, 1321, 12602, 6906, 29892, 8152, 292, 304, 967, 29871, 29941, 29945, 29995, 4497, 13593, 29889, 739, 338, 1497, 393, 746, 478, 9983, 294, 713, 2996, 304, 278, 14070, 2645, 278, 5917, 29899, 29967, 809, 728, 3362, 297, 278, 5683, 29871, 29953, 29900, 29915, 29879, 29892, 540, 18318, 16728, 22979, 964, 278, 7205, 1550, 3216, 304, 1074, 565, 896, 2289, 723, 5785, 785, 322, 896, 1258, 29892, 15020, 1641, 9368, 304, 2381, 326, 29889, 1987, 21114, 363, 967, 15795, 29892, 1286, 278, 6433, 282, 5475, 701, 19315, 368, 408, 278, 19437, 338, 1889, 901, 363, 916, 1375, 261, 1338, 29901, 289, 456, 2247, 29892, 3104, 1161, 29892, 2320, 4515, 1974, 29889, 5853, 1135, 29871, 29946, 29900, 29900, 27881, 2400, 7205, 3233, 313, 271, 278, 7101, 29897, 322, 1790 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.848477

0.672896

2.124191

0.653689

300m deep, the salt lake is receding at a rate of one meter (about 3'6") per year. This is dramatically seen when one comes across one of the spas built on the shore in the mid-1980s – now so far from the water that one has to take a shuttle to get from the spa to the lake. Surprising to me was how many tourists come to Israel simply to spend a week at the Dead Sea for its health benefits, never once spending anytime at the holy sites, exploring the cultural heritage, history, or even political situation of the land. We then spent the night at Kibbutz Mash'abei Sadeh. The kibbutzim are pretty well known around the world, but maybe only in a general sense. Years ago I remember talking with a group of friends about how we would love to have all the benefits of religious community life without the necessary obligations of living in single-sex communities or that the only state of life option would be vowed chastity. We had images of a large plot of land with cabins for privacy and a common space for joint activities, including a library, fencing gym, dojo, and common area for games and socializing. I do not think it occurred to any of us that we had described something that already existed in practice, so different did it seem than the usual expectation in the States of buying into your own private slice of life separate from everyone around you. This kibbutz is 66 years old, with about 200 members and another couple of hundred residents. Like most, there has been some accommodation to privatization, but education, health care, and culture remain communitarian. Everyone contributes their salary to the community fund, whether physician or janitor, and is given an equal stipend on top of the common needs being met. Makhtesh HaGadol, in the Negev The morning took us to what ought to be one of the natural wonders of the world. The Makhtesh HaGadol, or the large Makhtesh, is often referred to as a crater but is something altogether different. Where a crater is the result of an extraterrestrial impact or volcanic explosion, the Makhteshim are what happen when you erode the insides of a mountain out while leaving part of the shell behind. Ten kilometers long and five wide, the slopes of the original mountain are still visible, covered in limestone, while the soft sandstone middle has long since been eroded away. It is more than half a kilometer drop from the top of the rim to the central basin below. In the quiet of the morning, under a hot sun and a cool breeze, we spent some time in quiet prayer and contemplation. Let the words of Elijah's encounter with God shape our reflection: Then the word of the Lord came to him, saying, "What are you doing here, Elijah?" 10 He answered, "I have been very zealous for the Lord, the God of hosts; for the Israelites have forsaken your covenant, thrown down your altars, and killed your prophets with the sword. I alone am left, and they are seeking my life, to take it away." 11 He said, "Go out and stand on the mountain before the Lord, for the Lord is about to pass by." Now there was a great wind, so strong that it was splitting mountains and breaking rocks in pieces before the Lord, but the Lord was not in the wind; and after the wind an earthquake, but the Lord was not in the earthquake; 12 and after the earthquake a fire, but the Lord was not in the fire; and after the fire a sound of sheer silence. 13 When Elijah heard it, he wrapped his face in his mantle and went out and stood at the entrance of the cave. Then there came a voice to him that said, "What are you doing here, Elijah?" We then went to the house of the 'mayor' of one of the Negev's 'unrecognized' Bedouin communities, Kashem Zaneh, for discussion and lunch. The Bedouin are Arabs demarked by their nomadic desert life – the word itself (Arabic, badawi) derives from bada (desert) and simply means "those who dwell in the desert". The people of Israel entire were badawi during the Exodus. Yet, the Bedouin of the Negev were often less nomadic than their counterparts in other deserts, the village we visited tracing its

[ 29871, 29941, 29900, 29900, 29885, 6483, 29892, 278, 15795, 19437, 338, 337, 1133, 292, 472, 263, 6554, 310, 697, 11134, 313, 12717, 29871, 29941, 29915, 29953, 1159, 639, 1629, 29889, 910, 338, 8541, 19574, 3595, 746, 697, 5304, 4822, 697, 310, 278, 805, 294, 4240, 373, 278, 19055, 297, 278, 7145, 29899, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29900, 29879, 785, 1286, 577, 2215, 515, 278, 4094, 393, 697, 756, 304, 2125, 263, 528, 4774, 280, 304, 679, 515, 278, 805, 29874, 304, 278, 19437, 29889, 6298, 558, 5921, 304, 592, 471, 920, 1784, 6282, 2879, 2041, 304, 11996, 3763, 304, 18864, 263, 4723, 472, 278, 16992, 14070, 363, 967, 9045, 23633, 29892, 2360, 2748, 805, 2548, 738, 2230, 472, 278, 26630, 11840, 29892, 3902, 8253, 278, 16375, 902, 16639, 29892, 4955, 29892, 470, 1584, 8604, 6434, 310, 278, 2982, 29889, 13, 4806, 769, 10398, 278, 4646, 472, 476, 747, 4187, 29920, 341, 1161, 29915, 12410, 317, 1943, 29882, 29889, 450, 413, 747, 4187, 29920, 326, 526, 5051, 1532, 2998, 2820, 278, 3186, 29892, 541, 5505, 871, 297, 263, 2498, 4060, 29889, 23857, 8020, 306, 6456, 9963, 411, 263, 2318, 310, 7875, 1048, 920, 591, 723, 5360, 304, 505, 599, 278, 23633, 310, 12962, 7881, 2834, 1728, 278, 5181, 10788, 800, 310, 8471, 297, 2323, 29899, 14167, 23507, 470, 393, 278, 871, 2106, 310, 2834, 2984, 723, 367, 325, 20937, 521, 579, 537, 29889, 1334, 750, 4558, 310, 263, 2919, 6492, 310, 2982, 411, 7776, 1144, 363, 5999, 4135, 322, 263, 3619, 2913, 363, 14002, 14188, 29892, 3704, 263, 3489, 29892, 285, 16750, 330, 962, 29892, 437, 2212, 29892, 322, 3619, 4038, 363, 8090, 322, 5264, 5281, 29889, 306, 437, 451, 1348, 372, 10761, 304, 738, 310, 502, 393, 591, 750, 5439, 1554, 393, 2307, 22856, 297, 6944, 29892, 577, 1422, 1258, 372, 2833, 1135, 278, 9670, 23227, 297, 278, 3900, 310, 1321, 5414, 964, 596, 1914, 2024, 22780, 310, 2834, 5004, 515, 14332, 2820, 366, 29889, 910, 413, 747, 4187, 29920, 338, 29871, 29953, 29953, 2440, 2030, 29892, 411, 1048, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 5144, 322, 1790, 7303, 310, 6893, 24060, 29889, 8502, 1556, 29892, 727, 756, 1063, 777, 24803, 362, 304, 5999, 271, 2133, 29892, 541, 9793, 29892, 9045, 2562, 29892, 322, 9257, 3933, 3817, 3673, 713, 29889, 7569, 650, 640, 5026, 1009, 4497, 653, 304, 278, 7881, 5220, 29892, 3692, 4824, 8910, 470, 5496, 2105, 29892, 322, 338, 2183, 385, 5186, 380, 666, 355, 373, 2246, 310, 278, 3619, 4225, 1641, 1539, 29889, 13, 29924, 557, 400, 12094, 5952, 29954, 328, 324, 29892, 297, 278, 12610, 5750, 13, 1576, 7250, 3614, 502, 304, 825, 12722, 304, 367, 697, 310, 278, 5613, 281, 18452, 310, 278, 3186, 29889, 450, 17232, 400, 12094, 5952, 29954, 328, 324, 29892, 470, 278, 2919, 17232, 400, 12094, 29892, 338, 4049, 12992, 304, 408, 263, 2181, 1008, 541, 338, 1554, 19148, 1422, 29889, 6804, 263, 2181, 1008, 338, 278, 1121, 310, 385, 17541, 1008, 5060, 9315, 10879, 470, 1700, 3068, 293, 20389, 291, 29892, 278, 17232, 400, 12094, 326, 526, 825, 3799, 746, 366, 604, 356, 278, 1663, 2247, 310, 263, 14378, 714, 1550, 10124, 760, 310, 278, 6473, 5742, 29889, 12444, 20052, 2699, 1472, 322, 5320, 9377, 29892, 278, 269, 4757, 267, 310, 278, 2441, 14378, 526, 1603, 7962, 29892, 10664, 297, 2485, 27744, 29892, 1550, 278, 4964, 11982, 12734, 7256, 756, 1472, 1951, 1063, 604, 6797, 3448, 29889, 739, 338, 901, 1135, 4203, 263, 23836, 5768, 515, 278, 2246, 310, 278, 12726, 304, 278, 6555, 2362, 262, 2400, 29889, 512, 278, 11813, 310, 278, 7250, 29892, 1090, 263, 7375, 6575, 322, 263, 12528, 289, 929, 911, 29892, 591, 10398, 777, 931, 297, 11813, 27402, 322, 640, 16305, 362, 29889, 2803, 278, 3838, 310, 382, 7267, 801, 29915, 29879, 11735, 411, 4177, 8267, 1749, 17842, 29901, 13, 11760, 278, 1734, 310, 278, 6171, 2996, 304, 1075, 29892, 5934, 29892, 376, 5618, 526, 366, 2599, 1244, 29892, 382, 7267, 801, 3026, 29871, 29896, 29900, 940, 7699, 29892, 376, 29902, 505, 1063, 1407, 3777, 20521, 363, 278, 6171, 29892, 278, 4177, 310, 18982, 29936, 363, 278, 11996, 3246, 505, 363, 29879, 9424, 596, 274, 9813, 424, 29892, 12005, 1623, 596, 5272, 1503, 29892, 322, 9445, 596, 27953, 1691, 411, 278, 22378, 29889, 306, 7432, 626, 2175, 29892, 322, 896, 526, 25738, 590, 2834, 29892, 304, 2125, 372, 3448, 1213, 13, 29896, 29896, 940, 1497, 29892, 376, 8120, 714, 322, 2317, 373, 278, 14378, 1434, 278, 6171, 29892, 363, 278, 6171, 338, 1048, 304, 1209, 491, 1213, 2567, 727, 471, 263, 2107, 8805, 29892, 577, 4549, 393, 372, 471, 24368, 19223, 322, 16679, 23150, 297, 12785, 1434, 278, 6171, 29892, 541, 278, 6171, 471, 451, 297, 278, 8805, 29936, 322, 1156, 278, 8805, 385, 8437, 339, 1296, 29892, 541, 278, 6171, 471, 451, 297, 278, 8437, 339, 1296, 29936, 29871, 29896, 29906, 322, 1156, 278, 8437, 339, 1296, 263, 3974, 29892, 541, 278, 6171, 471, 451, 297, 278, 3974, 29936, 322, 1156, 278, 3974, 263, 6047, 310, 1183, 261, 15142, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29941, 1932, 382, 7267, 801, 6091, 372, 29892, 540, 21021, 670, 3700, 297, 670, 13694, 280, 322, 3512, 714, 322, 8389, 472, 278, 19546, 310, 278, 24230, 29889, 1987, 727, 2996, 263, 7314, 304, 1075, 393, 1497, 29892, 376, 5618, 526, 366, 2599, 1244, 29892, 382, 7267, 801, 3026, 13, 4806, 769, 3512, 304, 278, 3699, 310, 278, 525, 13029, 272, 29915, 310, 697, 310, 278, 12610, 5750, 29915, 29879, 525, 348, 29423, 1891, 29915, 14195, 283, 262, 23507, 29892, 476, 1161, 331, 796, 1662, 29882, 29892, 363, 10679, 322, 301, 3322, 29889, 450, 14195, 283, 262, 526, 10387, 29879, 1261, 935, 287, 491, 1009, 2245, 26538, 18197, 2834, 785, 278, 1734, 3528, 313, 29909, 4201, 293, 29892, 289, 1114, 4353, 29897, 589, 3145, 515, 289, 1114, 313, 2783, 814, 29897, 322, 3763, 2794, 376, 386, 852, 1058, 24013, 297, 278, 18197, 1642, 450, 2305, 310, 11996, 4152, 892, 289, 1114, 4353, 2645, 278, 1222, 397, 375, 29889, 15175, 29892, 278, 14195, 283, 262, 310, 278, 12610, 5750, 892, 4049, 3109, 2245, 26538, 1135, 1009, 6795, 20895, 297, 916, 18197, 29879, 29892, 278, 5720, 591, 16669, 16703, 292, 967 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.410908

0.21348

1.136125

0.921842

history back at least five centuries. Temporary construction marks the villages, not unlike some First Nations reservations I have seen in North America. Corrugated steel seems to be the construction material of choice, along with semi-permanent tents. It was a Bedouin goatherd who discovered the Dead Sea scrolls near Qumran. Kashem Zaneh, Bedouin village Their political situation is tenuous – full Israeli citizens, and living outside of the Palestinian territories, but restricted to a zone around Be'er Sheva covering about 2% of their traditional range, the 100,000 or so Bedouin have to choose between living in one of about eight recognized communities, giving up their traditional life, or staying on their homeland with none of the benefits of the modern state. We were told the Israeli Education ministry spends as much on transporting the 700 Bedouin children from this village to school 15km away each year as it would cost to actually build a school on site – which is not done because it remains an unrecognized community. The well at Tel Be'er Sheva – 2700 years old and 70 meters deep Finally, we stopped at Tel Be'er Sheva, the archaeological site associated with the patriarch Abraham and his first settling in the promised land. A well remains that, though not old enough to be the original, dates back around 2,700 years. We first encounter Be'er Sheva (Beersheba) in Genesis 21, as the place of the covenant between Abraham and Abimelech, giving the place its name: the well of the covenant, or the well of the seven (the ewes Abraham offered to Abimelech to prove his ownership of the well). Just a few lines beforehand, however, the first reference is attached ot one of the most significant moments in the Bible for contemporary Israeli-Arab relations. It is from here that Abraham sends away his concubine Hagar and her son Ishmael, who is destined to become the father of the Arab peoples, and the forefather of Mohamed, while Moses and Jesus both descended from the line of his half-brother Isaac. The archaeological evidence shows habitation back to at least 4000 years before Christ, into the bronze age, an estimated 2200 years before Abraham. According to the Hebrew Bible, this is the southernmost city settles by the Israelites. Russian Orthodox Mission in the Holy Land The Russian Orthodox have the monastery of St. Mary Magdalen on the Mount of Olives, including the sites of the Tombs of the Prophets and (one site of) the grotto of Gethsemane, just up the hill from the Franciscans at the Church of All Nations and the Garden of Gethsemane. Tsar Alexander III acquired the land here in the late nineteenth century, and had the church consecrated in 1888 in memory of his (German) mother, Empress Maria Alexandrovna. The Tsar sent his brother, Grand Duke Segei Alexandrovich and his wife Grand Duchess Elzabeth Fedorovna as the official delegation to the consecration. The Grand Duchess was so taken with the place that, after her husband's assassination in 1905, she founded the monastic community of Martha and Mary in Moscow. During the Revolution, in 1918, she and her cellmate, Sister Barbara, were taken and thrown into a mine-shaft near Alapayevsk in the Urals. Their bodies were recovered and eventually brought to rest here at the Church of Mary Magdalen in 1921. They were declared martyrs in 1981. The monastic community here owes its origins to two Anglican converts who started the community in 1933. At about the same time, the miraculous icon of the Virgin Mary "Hodigitria" (the Unburnt Bush) arrived at the church. Under previous custody of Metropolitan Ilias of Lebanon, he is said to have dreamt three times that the Blessed Virgin appeared to him, ordering him to give the icon to the care of the Abbess Maria in Palestine. Our visits here included a informative tour by a French brother who was responsible for the guest house and the holy sites. The first of which has been known since the medieval period the Tombs of the Prophets Haggai, Zachariah, and Malachi (d

[ 4955, 1250, 472, 3203, 5320, 21726, 29889, 6789, 1971, 653, 7632, 17997, 278, 18481, 29892, 451, 25531, 777, 3824, 18269, 620, 6972, 800, 306, 505, 3595, 297, 4644, 6813, 29889, 2994, 11124, 630, 22973, 2444, 304, 367, 278, 7632, 5518, 310, 7348, 29892, 3412, 411, 12647, 29899, 546, 1171, 296, 260, 1237, 29889, 739, 471, 263, 14195, 283, 262, 748, 1624, 29881, 1058, 10943, 278, 16992, 14070, 6355, 29879, 2978, 660, 398, 661, 29889, 13, 29968, 1161, 331, 796, 1662, 29882, 29892, 14195, 283, 262, 5720, 13, 1576, 381, 8604, 6434, 338, 3006, 17269, 785, 2989, 22895, 5037, 18363, 29892, 322, 8471, 5377, 310, 278, 22053, 262, 713, 5884, 3842, 29892, 541, 22078, 304, 263, 10640, 2820, 1522, 29915, 261, 2296, 1564, 21653, 1048, 29871, 29906, 29995, 310, 1009, 13807, 3464, 29892, 278, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 470, 577, 14195, 283, 262, 505, 304, 6755, 1546, 8471, 297, 697, 310, 1048, 9475, 14831, 23507, 29892, 6820, 701, 1009, 13807, 2834, 29892, 470, 7952, 292, 373, 1009, 3632, 14045, 411, 5642, 310, 278, 23633, 310, 278, 5400, 2106, 29889, 1334, 892, 5429, 278, 22895, 5037, 13151, 1375, 6020, 805, 1975, 408, 1568, 373, 8608, 292, 278, 29871, 29955, 29900, 29900, 14195, 283, 262, 4344, 515, 445, 5720, 304, 3762, 29871, 29896, 29945, 8848, 3448, 1269, 1629, 408, 372, 723, 3438, 304, 2869, 2048, 263, 3762, 373, 3268, 785, 607, 338, 451, 2309, 1363, 372, 9242, 385, 443, 29423, 1891, 7881, 29889, 13, 1576, 1532, 472, 18815, 1522, 29915, 261, 2296, 1564, 785, 29871, 29906, 29955, 29900, 29900, 2440, 2030, 322, 29871, 29955, 29900, 27881, 6483, 13, 12881, 635, 29892, 591, 11084, 472, 18815, 1522, 29915, 261, 2296, 1564, 29892, 278, 3190, 3660, 5996, 3268, 6942, 411, 278, 16967, 1279, 24763, 322, 670, 937, 3604, 1847, 297, 278, 22399, 2982, 29889, 319, 1532, 9242, 393, 29892, 2466, 451, 2030, 3307, 304, 367, 278, 2441, 29892, 10116, 1250, 2820, 29871, 29906, 29892, 29955, 29900, 29900, 2440, 29889, 1334, 937, 11735, 1522, 29915, 261, 2296, 1564, 313, 3629, 414, 354, 2291, 29897, 297, 5739, 6656, 29871, 29906, 29896, 29892, 408, 278, 2058, 310, 278, 274, 9813, 424, 1546, 24763, 322, 1976, 603, 280, 305, 29892, 6820, 278, 2058, 967, 1024, 29901, 278, 1532, 310, 278, 274, 9813, 424, 29892, 470, 278, 1532, 310, 278, 9881, 313, 1552, 321, 29893, 267, 24763, 12520, 304, 1976, 603, 280, 305, 304, 6356, 670, 27428, 310, 278, 1532, 467, 13, 14084, 263, 2846, 3454, 1434, 3179, 29892, 3138, 29892, 278, 937, 3407, 338, 10959, 4932, 697, 310, 278, 1556, 7282, 19462, 297, 278, 21958, 363, 24952, 22895, 5037, 29899, 29909, 4201, 5302, 29889, 739, 338, 515, 1244, 393, 24763, 16003, 3448, 670, 3022, 431, 457, 379, 28641, 322, 902, 1487, 306, 845, 655, 295, 29892, 1058, 338, 2731, 1312, 304, 4953, 278, 4783, 310, 278, 10387, 1236, 459, 793, 29892, 322, 278, 363, 1389, 1624, 310, 12929, 2795, 29892, 1550, 6630, 267, 322, 13825, 1716, 5153, 2760, 515, 278, 1196, 310, 670, 4203, 29899, 6729, 721, 28156, 29889, 13, 1576, 3190, 3660, 5996, 10757, 3697, 4760, 362, 1250, 304, 472, 3203, 29871, 29946, 29900, 29900, 29900, 2440, 1434, 2819, 29892, 964, 278, 18449, 5046, 29892, 385, 15899, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29900, 29900, 2440, 1434, 24763, 29889, 7579, 304, 278, 18472, 3973, 21958, 29892, 445, 338, 278, 14841, 3242, 4272, 3604, 793, 491, 278, 11996, 3246, 29889, 13, 23002, 713, 23757, 17324, 18971, 297, 278, 17733, 3172, 13, 1576, 10637, 23757, 17324, 505, 278, 23937, 29891, 310, 624, 29889, 6182, 3561, 29881, 10066, 373, 278, 8040, 310, 7137, 3145, 29892, 3704, 278, 11840, 310, 278, 323, 3424, 29879, 310, 278, 1019, 561, 1691, 322, 313, 650, 3268, 310, 29897, 278, 4071, 16461, 310, 402, 621, 12846, 1662, 29892, 925, 701, 278, 17306, 515, 278, 5845, 29883, 550, 472, 278, 6291, 310, 2178, 18269, 322, 278, 19906, 310, 402, 621, 12846, 1662, 29889, 13, 29911, 29879, 279, 9428, 4786, 16692, 278, 2982, 1244, 297, 278, 5683, 17081, 2650, 9097, 6462, 29892, 322, 750, 278, 6586, 11888, 29878, 630, 297, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29947, 29947, 297, 3370, 310, 670, 313, 29954, 3504, 29897, 5637, 29892, 2812, 2139, 6217, 13878, 10139, 1056, 29889, 450, 19089, 279, 2665, 670, 8099, 29892, 6265, 13484, 6667, 10096, 13878, 10139, 436, 322, 670, 6532, 6265, 23568, 404, 1260, 29920, 9394, 17972, 272, 586, 1056, 408, 278, 6221, 16000, 362, 304, 278, 11888, 29878, 362, 29889, 450, 6265, 23568, 404, 471, 577, 4586, 411, 278, 2058, 393, 29892, 1156, 902, 10216, 29915, 29879, 20105, 3381, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29900, 29945, 29892, 1183, 11091, 278, 1601, 6288, 7881, 310, 1085, 15457, 322, 6182, 297, 25820, 29889, 7133, 278, 14595, 29892, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29896, 29947, 29892, 1183, 322, 902, 3038, 25046, 29892, 28088, 18506, 29892, 892, 4586, 322, 12005, 964, 263, 7903, 29899, 845, 2051, 2978, 319, 6984, 388, 5750, 808, 297, 278, 8918, 1338, 29889, 11275, 17873, 892, 24776, 322, 10201, 6296, 304, 1791, 1244, 472, 278, 6291, 310, 6182, 3561, 29881, 10066, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29906, 29896, 29889, 2688, 892, 8052, 14436, 29891, 2288, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29896, 29889, 13, 1576, 1601, 6288, 7881, 1244, 8152, 267, 967, 1677, 1144, 304, 1023, 3218, 506, 273, 29436, 1058, 4687, 278, 7881, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29941, 29889, 2180, 1048, 278, 1021, 931, 29892, 278, 3737, 945, 352, 681, 9849, 310, 278, 9167, 6182, 376, 29950, 397, 335, 277, 2849, 29908, 313, 1552, 853, 8399, 593, 24715, 29897, 11977, 472, 278, 6586, 29889, 7634, 3517, 25387, 1486, 310, 28788, 306, 18849, 310, 9388, 19930, 29892, 540, 338, 1497, 304, 505, 12561, 29873, 2211, 3064, 393, 278, 350, 2222, 287, 9167, 7470, 304, 1075, 29892, 20520, 1075, 304, 2367, 278, 9849, 304, 278, 2562, 310, 278, 13896, 404, 6217, 297, 22053, 457, 29889, 13, 29949, 332, 1998, 1169, 1244, 5134, 263, 1871, 1230, 6282, 491, 263, 5176, 8099, 1058, 471, 14040, 363, 278, 17838, 3699, 322, 278, 26630, 11840, 29889, 450, 937, 310, 607, 756, 1063, 2998, 1951, 278, 27690, 3785, 278, 323, 3424, 29879, 310, 278, 1019, 561, 1691, 379, 16170, 1794, 29892, 29103, 4568, 29882, 29892, 322, 3792, 26213, 313, 29881 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.095729

0.675492

2.217438

1.010384

. circa 500 BC). Archaeological research dates the tombs to the first and early second century AD, however. There is evidence of both Jewish and Judeo-Christian burial at the site, and it is in the middle of the massive Jewish cemetery on the Mount of Olives. Both the Franciscans and the Russians have caves believed to be the grotto where the apostles rested as Jesus prayed during his final hours in the Garden before Judas' betrayal. The Franciscan site is within the cave complex of Mary's tomb, north of the Garden. The Russian site is uphill, to the east of the Garden. In this, the former was probably an olive press, and the later might make a likelier candidate. Our visit concluded with vespers sung by the nuns, beautifully 'interrupted' near the end by the call of the muezzin across the valley, where the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque were clearly visible form the steps of the church. We also were afforded a quick visit to the Benedictine Monastery of the Mount of Olives – with a sister of the Monastery of Bose as porter – where one of the sisters has written several icons. As we were approaching the weekend of the feast of Our Lady of Palestine, that image is included here: Ecumenical "Crusaders" and the other, other Notre Dame October 16, 2015 6:00 pm / Leave a comment In the weeks following, I attended two ecumenical evenings, of quite different character. The first was with an informal network that has been meeting for decades, the Jerusalem Ecumenical Friends Network (or some variation thereof). Moderated by a kindly White Father (Missionaries of Africa), about 25 of us gathered in the Austrian Hospice (founded 1863) including representatives of the Anglican, Armenian Apostolic, Baptist, Greek Orthodox, Lutheran, and Catholics of Latin, Melkite, and Maronite churches. Focolare and Chemin Neuf were both present. Others are often represented, often including Churches with little or no official dialogue. A pleasant evening and a great way to connect with some of the local ecumenists. From Tantur, the rector, librarian, and myself were present. Simpler in nature, this was the real ecumenists' meeting; the second was more grand, though a little less on-topic for Christian Unity. The opportunity no less appreciated for that, however. A few days after returning from meetings in D.C. and at [the University of] Notre Dame, I was privileged again to join an ecumenical group for an evening affair. This time, we started with liturgy at the chapel of the Sisters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul, followed by a reception and dinner at Notre Dame Centre of Jerusalem, just north of the Damascus Gate. (No affiliation of the former with the latter, to my knowledge, but someone recently told me that the bar serves glasses with the monogram ND on it. Will have to go investigate.) Having been to the Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris on my way to the University of Notre Dame, this makes the third Notre Dame I had been to in little more than a week's time. The installation liturgy was accompanied by an impressive Polish choir and included clergy representatives from the Latin and Melkite Catholics, the Armenian Apostolic Church, the Greek Orthodox, the Coptic and Syriac Oriental Orthodox, Anglican, Lutheran, and the United Protestant Church of France. Arab Catholic scouts were present as servers and standard bearers. In a bit of interesting trivia, I only just discovered that the Centre is actually a Territorial Prelature, giving it quasi-diocesan status, distinct from the Latin Patriarchate, with the Apostolic Delegate as Ordinary. Originally built as a pilgrim house for the French by the Assumptionists in 1904, the Yom Kippur War left it in a state of disrepair. It was given over the Holy See in 1972, and Pope John Paul II established it as a territorial prelature barely two months into his papacy. In late November 2004, just four months before his death, a motu proprio was issued giving control of the Centre to the scandalously problematic Legion of Christ. Given the pope

[ 29889, 15923, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29900, 17403, 467, 2595, 3660, 5996, 5925, 10116, 278, 20450, 29879, 304, 278, 937, 322, 4688, 1473, 6462, 11033, 29892, 3138, 29889, 1670, 338, 10757, 310, 1716, 16728, 322, 435, 1151, 29877, 29899, 18687, 713, 6866, 616, 472, 278, 3268, 29892, 322, 372, 338, 297, 278, 7256, 310, 278, 20364, 16728, 274, 22875, 373, 278, 8040, 310, 7137, 3145, 29889, 13, 29933, 720, 278, 5845, 29883, 550, 322, 278, 11688, 1039, 550, 505, 274, 5989, 13112, 304, 367, 278, 4071, 16461, 988, 278, 18115, 793, 1791, 287, 408, 13825, 12475, 287, 2645, 670, 2186, 6199, 297, 278, 19906, 1434, 8660, 294, 29915, 1010, 764, 284, 29889, 450, 5845, 3068, 3268, 338, 2629, 278, 24230, 4280, 310, 6182, 29915, 29879, 20450, 29892, 6641, 310, 278, 19906, 29889, 450, 10637, 3268, 338, 318, 561, 453, 29892, 304, 278, 9755, 310, 278, 19906, 29889, 512, 445, 29892, 278, 4642, 471, 3117, 385, 288, 9258, 3965, 29892, 322, 278, 2678, 1795, 1207, 263, 4188, 295, 631, 14020, 29889, 8680, 6493, 22834, 411, 28999, 6774, 269, 686, 491, 278, 302, 6948, 29892, 9560, 368, 525, 1639, 14214, 29915, 2978, 278, 1095, 491, 278, 1246, 310, 278, 286, 434, 5617, 262, 4822, 278, 19599, 29892, 988, 278, 360, 608, 310, 278, 8027, 322, 838, 29899, 29909, 29939, 4977, 6630, 802, 892, 9436, 7962, 883, 278, 6576, 310, 278, 6586, 29889, 13, 4806, 884, 892, 21750, 287, 263, 4996, 6493, 304, 278, 20265, 919, 457, 2598, 1901, 29891, 310, 278, 8040, 310, 7137, 3145, 785, 411, 263, 9883, 310, 278, 2598, 1901, 29891, 310, 350, 852, 408, 1277, 357, 785, 988, 697, 310, 278, 9883, 29879, 756, 3971, 3196, 27673, 29889, 1094, 591, 892, 28702, 278, 4723, 355, 310, 278, 1238, 579, 310, 8680, 10040, 310, 22053, 457, 29892, 393, 1967, 338, 5134, 1244, 29901, 13, 29923, 29883, 14170, 936, 376, 29907, 15816, 24574, 29908, 322, 278, 916, 29892, 916, 24337, 360, 420, 13, 25375, 4950, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29871, 29953, 29901, 29900, 29900, 26354, 847, 951, 1351, 263, 3440, 13, 797, 278, 11405, 1494, 29892, 306, 14283, 1023, 21226, 14170, 936, 1584, 886, 29892, 310, 3755, 1422, 2931, 29889, 13, 1576, 937, 471, 411, 385, 1871, 284, 3564, 393, 756, 1063, 11781, 363, 1602, 3076, 29892, 278, 23204, 382, 29883, 14170, 936, 11169, 1975, 8527, 313, 272, 777, 19262, 727, 974, 467, 3382, 261, 630, 491, 263, 25036, 8037, 17852, 313, 29924, 2333, 4314, 310, 10557, 511, 1048, 29871, 29906, 29945, 310, 502, 22229, 297, 278, 3330, 6392, 379, 4705, 625, 313, 29888, 7261, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29953, 29941, 29897, 3704, 2755, 5056, 310, 278, 3218, 506, 273, 29892, 19549, 713, 22468, 324, 293, 29892, 23759, 391, 29892, 12311, 23757, 17324, 29892, 24760, 273, 29892, 322, 315, 6347, 1199, 310, 13548, 29892, 6286, 29895, 568, 29892, 322, 1085, 265, 568, 26014, 29889, 383, 542, 13517, 322, 12677, 262, 2448, 1137, 892, 1716, 2198, 29889, 438, 3341, 526, 4049, 9875, 29892, 4049, 3704, 6291, 267, 411, 2217, 470, 694, 6221, 7928, 434, 29889, 319, 21246, 11005, 322, 263, 2107, 982, 304, 4511, 411, 777, 310, 278, 1887, 21226, 14170, 2879, 29889, 3645, 323, 424, 332, 29892, 278, 337, 2801, 29892, 619, 1182, 13956, 29892, 322, 6142, 892, 2198, 29889, 3439, 20069, 297, 5469, 29892, 445, 471, 278, 1855, 21226, 14170, 2879, 29915, 11781, 29936, 278, 1473, 471, 901, 4595, 29892, 2466, 263, 2217, 3109, 373, 29899, 13010, 363, 6111, 20872, 29889, 450, 15130, 694, 3109, 7556, 363, 393, 29892, 3138, 29889, 13, 29909, 2846, 3841, 1156, 7863, 515, 5870, 886, 297, 360, 29889, 29907, 29889, 322, 472, 518, 1552, 3014, 310, 29962, 24337, 360, 420, 29892, 306, 471, 14828, 3192, 1449, 304, 5988, 385, 21226, 14170, 936, 2318, 363, 385, 11005, 26195, 29889, 910, 931, 29892, 591, 4687, 411, 11872, 332, 1927, 472, 278, 10708, 295, 310, 278, 28088, 29879, 310, 2896, 537, 310, 624, 29889, 19748, 316, 3739, 29892, 5643, 491, 263, 25647, 322, 17803, 472, 24337, 360, 420, 11319, 310, 23204, 29892, 925, 6641, 310, 278, 9865, 6151, 375, 22510, 29889, 313, 3782, 23736, 362, 310, 278, 4642, 411, 278, 7480, 29892, 304, 590, 7134, 29892, 541, 4856, 10325, 5429, 592, 393, 278, 2594, 19700, 12917, 267, 411, 278, 1601, 13342, 405, 29928, 373, 372, 29889, 2811, 505, 304, 748, 23033, 1846, 13, 29950, 5555, 1063, 304, 278, 315, 21471, 310, 24337, 360, 420, 297, 3681, 373, 590, 982, 304, 278, 3014, 310, 24337, 360, 420, 29892, 445, 3732, 278, 4654, 24337, 360, 420, 306, 750, 1063, 304, 297, 2217, 901, 1135, 263, 4723, 29915, 29879, 931, 29889, 13, 1576, 11161, 11872, 332, 1927, 471, 21302, 491, 385, 21210, 573, 19919, 3060, 381, 322, 5134, 28238, 1927, 2755, 5056, 515, 278, 13548, 322, 6286, 29895, 568, 315, 6347, 1199, 29892, 278, 19549, 713, 22468, 324, 293, 6291, 29892, 278, 12311, 23757, 17324, 29892, 278, 3189, 23000, 322, 8713, 374, 562, 29702, 23757, 17324, 29892, 3218, 506, 273, 29892, 24760, 273, 29892, 322, 278, 3303, 21723, 424, 6291, 310, 3444, 29889, 10387, 11865, 885, 17718, 892, 2198, 408, 12424, 322, 3918, 11460, 414, 29889, 13, 797, 263, 2586, 310, 8031, 260, 1150, 423, 29892, 306, 871, 925, 10943, 393, 278, 11319, 338, 2869, 263, 19833, 9020, 349, 2674, 1535, 29892, 6820, 372, 16452, 29899, 6051, 542, 267, 273, 4660, 29892, 8359, 515, 278, 13548, 23168, 1279, 403, 29892, 411, 278, 22468, 324, 293, 897, 6045, 408, 16557, 3821, 29889, 22118, 635, 4240, 408, 263, 8230, 629, 326, 3699, 363, 278, 5176, 491, 278, 4007, 28069, 2879, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29900, 29946, 29892, 278, 612, 290, 476, 8377, 332, 3362, 2175, 372, 297, 263, 2106, 310, 766, 3445, 1466, 29889, 739, 471, 2183, 975, 278, 17733, 2823, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29906, 29892, 322, 20635, 2259, 3739, 1944, 7841, 372, 408, 263, 29740, 758, 29880, 1535, 16079, 368, 1023, 7378, 964, 670, 3500, 4135, 29889, 512, 5683, 3979, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29946, 29892, 925, 3023, 7378, 1434, 670, 4892, 29892, 263, 3184, 29884, 22278, 471, 16610, 6820, 2761, 310, 278, 11319, 304, 278, 885, 24258, 5794, 1108, 2454, 5682, 291, 310, 2819, 29889, 11221, 278, 772, 412 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.37287

0.218671

0.972941

0.355178

's known health issues at the time as well as the already well known problems in the Legion, this move was, shall we say, controversial. The occasion this time was an elaborate ceremony and dinner celebrating the installation of a new Grand Master of the Order of St. Lazarus* and the initiation of several new members from around Europe and the Mediterranean, including an Orthodox colleague I have met here. Prior to this event, all I knew of the Order was that they had some connection to, or inspiration from, the crusader-Hospitaller order of the same name, and their intentional ecumenical inclusion of members, and their support of a keynote at the National Workshop in Christian Unity in the U.S. It is this ecumenical inclusion – if not explicit goal of Christian Unity – that makes this Order more appealing to some ecumenists than some of the more widely known charitable Orders – such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, or the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre. (I am coming to think of all of these organizations as elaborate donor recognition societies, or as the Knights of Columbus on steroids. Which is no bad thing, in itself). I was impressed with the conversations I had, with both officers and guests, including delightful dinner conversation with the local Finnish Lutheran pastor and her daughter, though we shared the experience as sort of outsiders – coming from cultures where the medieval concepts of royalty and nobility have been excised. Many of those present were from European countries where these ideas are still very much alive, if in a different form than was the case when monarchs were heads of government as much as heads of state. That lead me into further investigation of the Order and of the crusader orders in general which are, or claim to be, extant today. * Five major military-monastic orders were formed in the Holy Land during the era of the first crusades: Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem (c.1099) Order of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, Rhodes and Malta (Knights Hospitaller) (c. 1099) Poor-Fellow Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon (Knights Templar) (c.1118) Order of the Brothers of the German House of St. Mary in Jerusalem (Teutonic Knights) (1190) Order of St Lazarus of Jerusalem (1123). Some, like the Templars, were disbanded (giving us Friday the Thirteenth as an unlucky day). Others morphed into elaborate charitable organizations, continuing the work of hospitals or support of the Christians in the Holy Land, but abandoning the militaristic aspects after the conquest of Acre in the late thirteenth century. The Order of St. Lazarus survived in this transformed mode, and various attempts were made by popes to merge it with other Orders (Order of Our Lady of Bethlehem, the Order of Malta, the Order of St Maurice) throughout the fifteenth and sixteenth century. At the beginning of the seventeenth, the Order was effectively transferred from papal oversight to the royal house of France. It effectively ceased following the French Revolution, Royal Protection being withdrawn from the Order in 1830. Whether it continued then or in what form is apparently a matter of some dispute among historians of chivalrous orders, nobility, and the like. In 1910, though, the Melkite patriarch and some veterans of the papal army revived the Order as a non-profit charitable association under French law. Its efforts at ecumenical inclusion began in the 1960s, in fidelity to the reforms of the Second Vatican Council and in the interest of expanding into the anglophone world. Ironically, just as the Order embraced these ecumenical values, tensions between anglophone and francophone leadership lead to a schism in 1969 between what became known as the Malta and Paris obediences, respectively. Attempts at reunion only partially succeeded in 1986, when a significant portion of the anglophone members in the Malta obedience joined the Parisian sector, including the U.S. In 2004, a schism within the Paris obedience resulted in an Orleans obedience, under the spiritual patronage of the Archbishop of Prague. Further confusion is caused when, in

[ 29915, 29879, 2998, 9045, 5626, 472, 278, 931, 408, 1532, 408, 278, 2307, 1532, 2998, 4828, 297, 278, 5682, 291, 29892, 445, 4337, 471, 29892, 4091, 591, 1827, 29892, 19341, 616, 29889, 13, 1576, 10039, 445, 931, 471, 385, 19430, 25672, 322, 17803, 10894, 1218, 278, 11161, 310, 263, 716, 6265, 9082, 310, 278, 8170, 310, 624, 29889, 19575, 26465, 29930, 322, 278, 2069, 11685, 310, 3196, 716, 5144, 515, 2820, 4092, 322, 278, 25620, 10800, 273, 29892, 3704, 385, 23757, 17324, 23056, 3437, 306, 505, 1539, 1244, 29889, 13, 29925, 13479, 304, 445, 1741, 29892, 599, 306, 6363, 310, 278, 8170, 471, 393, 896, 750, 777, 3957, 304, 29892, 470, 8681, 12232, 515, 29892, 278, 2181, 375, 1664, 29899, 29950, 4705, 277, 12572, 1797, 310, 278, 1021, 1024, 29892, 322, 1009, 7609, 1848, 21226, 14170, 936, 28694, 310, 5144, 29892, 322, 1009, 2304, 310, 263, 1589, 948, 866, 472, 278, 3086, 5244, 19032, 297, 6111, 20872, 297, 278, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 739, 338, 445, 21226, 14170, 936, 28694, 785, 565, 451, 6261, 7306, 310, 6111, 20872, 785, 393, 3732, 445, 8170, 901, 5929, 12818, 304, 777, 21226, 14170, 2879, 1135, 777, 310, 278, 901, 17644, 2998, 1373, 8270, 1394, 8623, 785, 1316, 408, 278, 317, 957, 7577, 20080, 8170, 310, 3792, 941, 29892, 470, 278, 382, 1119, 6392, 8170, 310, 278, 17733, 29639, 352, 305, 276, 29889, 313, 29902, 626, 6421, 304, 1348, 310, 599, 310, 1438, 25700, 408, 19430, 1016, 272, 19679, 5374, 20850, 29892, 470, 408, 278, 8360, 5861, 310, 11990, 375, 373, 16864, 3398, 29879, 29889, 8449, 338, 694, 4319, 2655, 29892, 297, 3528, 467, 13, 29902, 471, 527, 13120, 411, 278, 9678, 800, 306, 750, 29892, 411, 1716, 13049, 322, 28865, 29892, 3704, 15319, 1319, 17803, 14983, 411, 278, 1887, 21189, 728, 24760, 273, 4940, 272, 322, 902, 8750, 29892, 2466, 591, 7258, 278, 7271, 408, 2656, 310, 714, 29879, 11376, 785, 6421, 515, 4185, 1973, 988, 278, 27690, 22001, 310, 15150, 1017, 322, 22182, 1793, 505, 1063, 5566, 3368, 29889, 9267, 310, 1906, 2198, 892, 515, 7824, 10916, 988, 1438, 7014, 526, 1603, 1407, 1568, 18758, 29892, 565, 297, 263, 1422, 883, 1135, 471, 278, 1206, 746, 25552, 29879, 892, 15883, 310, 5874, 408, 1568, 408, 15883, 310, 2106, 29889, 2193, 3275, 592, 964, 4340, 22522, 310, 278, 8170, 322, 310, 278, 2181, 375, 1664, 11299, 297, 2498, 607, 526, 29892, 470, 5995, 304, 367, 29892, 1294, 424, 9826, 29889, 13, 29930, 22853, 4655, 9121, 29899, 3712, 6288, 11299, 892, 8429, 297, 278, 17733, 3172, 2645, 278, 3152, 310, 278, 937, 2181, 375, 3076, 29901, 13, 29923, 1119, 6392, 8170, 310, 278, 17733, 29639, 352, 305, 276, 310, 23204, 313, 29883, 29889, 29896, 29900, 29929, 29929, 29897, 13, 7514, 310, 278, 8360, 5861, 310, 624, 29889, 2259, 310, 23204, 29892, 7861, 2631, 322, 3792, 941, 313, 29968, 29876, 5861, 379, 4705, 277, 12572, 29897, 313, 29883, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29929, 29929, 29897, 13, 9837, 272, 29899, 29943, 4743, 19019, 4285, 310, 2819, 322, 310, 278, 18057, 310, 4956, 18192, 313, 29968, 29876, 5861, 6789, 572, 279, 29897, 313, 29883, 29889, 29896, 29896, 29896, 29947, 29897, 13, 7514, 310, 278, 25522, 310, 278, 5332, 5619, 310, 624, 29889, 6182, 297, 23204, 313, 7141, 329, 8927, 8360, 5861, 29897, 313, 29896, 29896, 29929, 29900, 29897, 13, 7514, 310, 624, 19575, 26465, 310, 23204, 313, 29896, 29896, 29906, 29941, 467, 13, 9526, 29892, 763, 278, 6789, 572, 1503, 29892, 892, 766, 4980, 287, 313, 29887, 4357, 502, 28728, 278, 498, 381, 19839, 408, 385, 443, 29880, 14395, 2462, 467, 438, 3341, 18131, 287, 964, 19430, 1373, 8270, 25700, 29892, 3133, 292, 278, 664, 310, 29418, 277, 1338, 470, 2304, 310, 278, 27353, 297, 278, 17733, 3172, 29892, 541, 11807, 292, 278, 15222, 4695, 21420, 1156, 278, 378, 1119, 310, 319, 1037, 297, 278, 5683, 266, 381, 19839, 6462, 29889, 450, 8170, 310, 624, 29889, 19575, 26465, 10503, 2347, 297, 445, 27615, 4464, 29892, 322, 5164, 14734, 892, 1754, 491, 1835, 267, 304, 10366, 372, 411, 916, 1394, 8623, 313, 7514, 310, 8680, 10040, 310, 23408, 280, 8008, 29892, 278, 8170, 310, 3792, 941, 29892, 278, 8170, 310, 624, 18938, 29897, 10106, 278, 8461, 19839, 322, 4832, 19839, 6462, 29889, 2180, 278, 6763, 310, 278, 16741, 29872, 9097, 29892, 278, 8170, 471, 17583, 18440, 515, 3500, 284, 288, 874, 523, 304, 278, 15150, 3699, 310, 3444, 29889, 739, 17583, 24886, 1494, 278, 5176, 14595, 29892, 7021, 14409, 428, 1641, 411, 19811, 1233, 515, 278, 8170, 297, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29941, 29900, 29889, 13, 8809, 1979, 372, 7572, 769, 470, 297, 825, 883, 338, 13229, 263, 4383, 310, 777, 28447, 4249, 3603, 5834, 310, 521, 2561, 29878, 681, 11299, 29892, 22182, 1793, 29892, 322, 278, 763, 29889, 13, 797, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29896, 29900, 29892, 2466, 29892, 278, 6286, 29895, 568, 16967, 1279, 322, 777, 25808, 550, 310, 278, 3500, 284, 9987, 6664, 2347, 278, 8170, 408, 263, 1661, 29899, 771, 9202, 1373, 8270, 15477, 1090, 5176, 4307, 29889, 8011, 14231, 472, 21226, 14170, 936, 28694, 4689, 297, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29900, 29879, 29892, 297, 285, 10652, 537, 304, 278, 337, 9514, 310, 278, 6440, 478, 271, 2185, 8831, 322, 297, 278, 4066, 310, 7985, 292, 964, 278, 2614, 417, 6710, 3186, 29889, 13, 29902, 1617, 1711, 29892, 925, 408, 278, 8170, 7232, 945, 287, 1438, 21226, 14170, 936, 1819, 29892, 260, 5580, 1546, 2614, 417, 6710, 322, 11020, 3021, 650, 26001, 3275, 304, 263, 1364, 1608, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29929, 1546, 825, 3897, 2998, 408, 278, 3792, 941, 322, 3681, 704, 287, 819, 778, 29892, 8307, 29889, 6212, 3456, 29879, 472, 337, 13094, 871, 22039, 14792, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29953, 29892, 746, 263, 7282, 11910, 310, 278, 2614, 417, 6710, 5144, 297, 278, 3792, 941, 704, 287, 5597, 8772, 278, 3681, 713, 17535, 29892, 3704, 278, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 512, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29946, 29892, 263, 1364, 1608, 2629, 278, 3681, 704, 287, 5597, 20601, 297, 385, 26884, 704, 287, 5597, 29892, 1090, 278, 20954, 18259, 482, 310, 278, 2595, 28693, 310, 19825, 434, 29889, 8725, 14679, 338, 8581, 746, 29892, 297 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.859345

0.893519

1.335172

0.357707

2010, some of the original leadership of the Orleans obedience broke away and formed St. Lazare International, based in Jerusalem. Happily, in 2008, the majority memberships present in the Paris and Malta obediences reunited, leaving three main branches of the Order (indicated with their respective spiritual protectors): Order of St. Lazarus – Malta-Paris – Melkite Patriarch Gregory III Laham Order of St. Lazarus – Orleans – Archbishop Dominik Duka, OP, of Prague Order of St. Lazarus – Jerusalem – Bishop Richard Gerard, emeritus Representative of the Archbishop of Canterbury to the Holy See. There is also an Italian 'branch' that seems to have little to do with the rest: Ordine San Lazzaro – "Bishop" Giovanni Ferrando (who appears nowhere in the Italian hierarchy list and whose supposed address is the local renaissance castle…) If you are interested, more extensive history of the order is provided here by the order itself, and here by a skeptical researcher. Nevertheless, the charitable work of the Order – mostly hospital and ambulance work – and its ecumenical inclusion are worthy of admiration. All such orders could, perhaps, divest themselves a bit of concerns over nobility and dynastic ties and promote based on merit alone. That being said in principle, my impression of Prince Sixte-Henri and his officers was positive, setting the standard for what one supposes nobility is supposed to represent in the first place. September 28, 2015 6:00 pm / Leave a comment A month into my fellowship at Tantur, and though time is flying, it has proved to be just what I needed – an escape from the work and distractions of Rome. Not that the last three weeks have been without concerns, as violence has escalated in and around Jerusalem. Thankfully, Tantur is safely removed from the areas of tension, and spending the day in the library and at my desk is easy to do. There have been some exceptions worth sharing, however. I arrived in the middle of the High Holy Days, between Rosh Hashanah (Jewish New Year) and Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement), the latter of which coincided this year with the beginning of Eid Al-Adha (Feast of Sacrifice/Time of the Hajj). Tantur is at the southern end of Jerusalem, about 8km from the Old City, and just under a kilometer north of the checkpoint into Bethlehem. (It is another 3.5km to the Church of the Nativity). On Yom Kippur a group of us walked into the old city, stopping at St. Clare Monastery on the way. The Poor Clares here arrived from France in 1884. A glimpse into their life can be found online here. On arrival in the Old City we went first to vespers with the German Benedictine monks at the Abbey of the Dormition, on Mount Zion, just next to the Tomb of King David and the Cenacle (the Upper Room of the Last Supper). Through the construction of the abbey took place from 1900-1910, with the first monks arriving in 1906, the history of the community starts with the 19th century immigration of Germans into Jerusalem, culminating in the 1898 visit of Kaiser Wilhelm II. During his tour, the Kaiser dedicated the Lutheran Church of the Redeemer in the Old City and donated the land for the Abbey to the German Association for the Holy Land. After vespers we wend our way down to the Kotel (the Western Wall), just in time to get settled before the shofar (ceremonial ram's horn) sounded, marking the end of the day of fasting and the beginning of a celebration. This was one of the most moving spiritual experiences, watching the joy and celebration. I had not arrived in the Holy Land expecting this to be on my to do list, but now I can cross off something that belongs up there with Midnight Mass at St. Peter's, as far as lifetime religious experiences go. It has made me realize that any "bucket list" i might keep for myself begins with unique spiritual religious places/times. Appropriate, then, that my time here begins with Yom Kippur at the Wall and will end after Christmas in Bethlehem. Quickly added to the list was the opportunity to celebrate

[ 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 29892, 777, 310, 278, 2441, 26001, 310, 278, 26884, 704, 287, 5597, 14455, 3448, 322, 8429, 624, 29889, 19575, 598, 4623, 29892, 2729, 297, 23204, 29889, 379, 932, 2354, 29892, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29947, 29892, 278, 13638, 5144, 14587, 2198, 297, 278, 3681, 322, 3792, 941, 704, 287, 819, 778, 23038, 1573, 29892, 10124, 2211, 1667, 14202, 310, 278, 8170, 313, 513, 293, 630, 411, 1009, 18067, 20954, 12566, 943, 1125, 13, 7514, 310, 624, 29889, 19575, 26465, 785, 3792, 941, 29899, 2177, 275, 785, 6286, 29895, 568, 23168, 1279, 29094, 4786, 365, 801, 314, 13, 7514, 310, 624, 29889, 19575, 26465, 785, 26884, 785, 2595, 28693, 13298, 638, 5334, 1335, 29892, 6418, 29892, 310, 19825, 434, 13, 7514, 310, 624, 29889, 19575, 26465, 785, 23204, 785, 16880, 6123, 5681, 538, 29892, 11176, 277, 375, 16314, 1230, 310, 278, 2595, 28693, 310, 1815, 357, 11059, 304, 278, 17733, 2823, 29889, 13, 8439, 338, 884, 385, 10545, 525, 17519, 29915, 393, 2444, 304, 505, 2217, 304, 437, 411, 278, 1791, 29901, 13, 23302, 457, 3087, 365, 7511, 8854, 785, 376, 29933, 9835, 29908, 12874, 16541, 1743, 313, 15970, 5692, 1286, 4150, 297, 278, 10545, 21277, 1051, 322, 5069, 7424, 3211, 338, 278, 1887, 364, 2386, 9948, 20610, 30098, 29897, 13, 3644, 366, 526, 8852, 29892, 901, 20607, 4955, 310, 278, 1797, 338, 4944, 1244, 491, 278, 1797, 3528, 29892, 322, 1244, 491, 263, 18109, 415, 936, 5925, 261, 29889, 13, 29940, 1310, 16561, 29892, 278, 1373, 8270, 664, 310, 278, 8170, 785, 11149, 13457, 322, 3181, 352, 749, 664, 785, 322, 967, 21226, 14170, 936, 28694, 526, 24717, 310, 7336, 12232, 29889, 2178, 1316, 11299, 1033, 29892, 6060, 29892, 1933, 342, 6053, 263, 2586, 310, 21838, 975, 22182, 1793, 322, 270, 948, 6288, 260, 583, 322, 27391, 2729, 373, 2778, 277, 7432, 29889, 2193, 1641, 1497, 297, 12502, 29892, 590, 17188, 310, 10787, 18372, 371, 29899, 24030, 374, 322, 670, 13049, 471, 6374, 29892, 4444, 278, 3918, 363, 825, 697, 1462, 15806, 22182, 1793, 338, 7424, 304, 2755, 297, 278, 937, 2058, 29889, 13, 2008, 3266, 29871, 29906, 29947, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29871, 29953, 29901, 29900, 29900, 26354, 847, 951, 1351, 263, 3440, 13, 29909, 4098, 964, 590, 10404, 3527, 472, 323, 424, 332, 29892, 322, 2466, 931, 338, 22764, 29892, 372, 756, 11827, 304, 367, 925, 825, 306, 4312, 785, 385, 10169, 515, 278, 664, 322, 1320, 336, 1953, 310, 9184, 29889, 2216, 393, 278, 1833, 2211, 11405, 505, 1063, 1728, 21838, 29892, 408, 21448, 756, 831, 1052, 630, 297, 322, 2820, 23204, 29889, 3374, 3730, 29892, 323, 424, 332, 338, 23511, 6206, 515, 278, 10161, 310, 260, 2673, 29892, 322, 805, 2548, 278, 2462, 297, 278, 3489, 322, 472, 590, 553, 29895, 338, 4780, 304, 437, 29889, 1670, 505, 1063, 777, 15283, 7088, 19383, 29892, 3138, 29889, 13, 29902, 11977, 297, 278, 7256, 310, 278, 5057, 17733, 24728, 29892, 1546, 5678, 29882, 11874, 273, 801, 313, 29967, 809, 728, 1570, 8905, 29897, 322, 612, 290, 476, 8377, 332, 313, 12742, 310, 319, 880, 882, 511, 278, 7480, 310, 607, 22819, 2618, 445, 1629, 411, 278, 6763, 310, 382, 333, 838, 29899, 3253, 2350, 313, 8263, 579, 310, 15573, 25193, 29914, 2481, 310, 278, 379, 1175, 29926, 467, 13, 29911, 424, 332, 338, 472, 278, 14841, 1095, 310, 23204, 29892, 1048, 29871, 29947, 8848, 515, 278, 8198, 4412, 29892, 322, 925, 1090, 263, 23836, 6641, 310, 278, 1423, 3149, 964, 23408, 280, 8008, 29889, 313, 3112, 338, 1790, 29871, 29941, 29889, 29945, 8848, 304, 278, 6291, 310, 278, 405, 28157, 467, 13, 2951, 612, 290, 476, 8377, 332, 263, 2318, 310, 502, 17096, 964, 278, 2030, 4272, 29892, 25480, 472, 624, 29889, 6015, 276, 2598, 1901, 29891, 373, 278, 982, 29889, 450, 3929, 272, 2233, 5114, 1244, 11977, 515, 3444, 297, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29947, 29946, 29889, 319, 330, 12552, 344, 964, 1009, 2834, 508, 367, 1476, 7395, 1244, 29889, 13, 2951, 18517, 297, 278, 8198, 4412, 591, 3512, 937, 304, 28999, 6774, 411, 278, 5332, 20265, 919, 457, 1601, 2039, 472, 278, 1976, 22072, 310, 278, 360, 555, 654, 29892, 373, 8040, 796, 291, 29892, 925, 2446, 304, 278, 323, 3424, 310, 4088, 4699, 322, 278, 315, 264, 6436, 313, 1552, 24929, 25114, 310, 278, 9208, 2166, 2496, 467, 17044, 278, 7632, 310, 278, 633, 22072, 3614, 2058, 515, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29900, 29900, 29899, 29896, 29929, 29896, 29900, 29892, 411, 278, 937, 1601, 2039, 6974, 292, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29900, 29953, 29892, 278, 4955, 310, 278, 7881, 8665, 411, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 386, 6462, 5198, 16783, 310, 7287, 550, 964, 23204, 29892, 13949, 1195, 1218, 297, 278, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29929, 29947, 6493, 310, 17123, 10756, 1944, 29889, 7133, 670, 6282, 29892, 278, 17123, 16955, 278, 24760, 273, 6291, 310, 278, 390, 2742, 25154, 297, 278, 8198, 4412, 322, 1016, 630, 278, 2982, 363, 278, 1976, 22072, 304, 278, 5332, 7993, 363, 278, 17733, 3172, 29889, 13, 13555, 28999, 6774, 591, 281, 355, 1749, 982, 1623, 304, 278, 27961, 295, 313, 1552, 10504, 14406, 511, 925, 297, 931, 304, 679, 17141, 1434, 278, 528, 974, 279, 313, 2265, 9857, 616, 13472, 29915, 29879, 25341, 29897, 6047, 287, 29892, 2791, 292, 278, 1095, 310, 278, 2462, 310, 5172, 292, 322, 278, 6763, 310, 263, 10894, 362, 29889, 910, 471, 697, 310, 278, 1556, 8401, 20954, 27482, 29892, 21217, 278, 15331, 322, 10894, 362, 29889, 306, 750, 451, 11977, 297, 278, 17733, 3172, 16120, 445, 304, 367, 373, 590, 304, 437, 1051, 29892, 541, 1286, 306, 508, 4891, 1283, 1554, 393, 14393, 701, 727, 411, 13370, 11147, 7360, 472, 624, 29889, 5310, 29915, 29879, 29892, 408, 2215, 408, 25423, 12962, 27482, 748, 29889, 739, 756, 1754, 592, 16289, 393, 738, 376, 21454, 1051, 29908, 474, 1795, 3013, 363, 6142, 16410, 411, 5412, 20954, 12962, 7600, 29914, 3706, 29889, 2401, 6649, 403, 29892, 769, 29892, 393, 590, 931, 1244, 16410, 411, 612, 290, 476, 8377, 332, 472, 278, 14406, 322, 674, 1095, 1156, 17661, 297, 23408, 280, 8008, 29889, 13, 2182, 860, 368, 2715, 304, 278, 1051, 471, 278, 15130, 304, 10894, 403 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.310377

0.255009

0.702165

0.286874

Sukkot – the Festival of Booths, or Tabernacles – with a friend from Hebrew University. A rooftop Sukkah and a cozy company of guests from both Israel and the U.S. made for a real welcome to this place. I imagine the cultural equivalent to be Thanksgiving – you know you have been welcomed as friend and family when you have this gift! Three Months at Tantur, Jerusalem September 23, 2015 7:55 am / Leave a comment The Ottoman-era gate at Tantur Summer has come and gone, and I find myself checking off something that has been on my "Bucket List" for nearly two decades: Living and research at Notre Dame's Tantur Ecumenical Institute in Jerusalem. I arrived in the Jerusalem late Sunday night, after what felt like a week in transit via Seattle, Vancouver, Minneapolis, Amsterdam and Rome. My first thought, as the Nesher shuttle drove under Montefiore Windmill, is that time flies and I can hardly believe it has already been 5 years since my first visit to the Holy Land. That was a 9-day seminar with the Russell Berrie Fellowship, at the Shalom Hartman Institute. Today, I embark on a 3-month dissertation writing fellowship at Tantur. It has taken three years of working multiple part time jobs (university teaching, research assistant, study abroad residence manager, spiritual advisor, international program staff) to get to the point I could take a few months 'off' and actually work full time on my dissertation. I am looking forward to it, but I confess it takes a couple days to adjust to having so much time to work on the one thing I never seem to have time for! Thankfully, Tantur has a library of about 60,000-70,000 volumes on hand, with emphasis on ecumenism and patristics. [By comparison, the Centro Pro Unione in Rome has about 24,000; the World Council of Churches library at Bossey has about 100,000.] The library resources suffered some during the Second Intifada (c2000-2005), and is in the midst of updating its collection – a project I have been asked to help with while I am here, as part of my Fellowship. The roots of the institute go back to the Second Vatican Council and encounters between Paul VI and ecumenical observers, who dreamed of an international theological institute for ecumenical research and life. The famous 1964 meeting of Paul VI and Athenagoras in Jerusalem on the Mount of Olives sparked the notion that this would be the obvious place for such an institute to be established. Before long, Paul VI entrusted the vision to none other than Notre Dame's president, Rev. Theodore Hesburgh, CSC. As he looked around Jerusalem, he seemed to find the perfect spot. Tantur is located on 36 acres of hilltop olive trees, vineyards, and pine. Overlooking Bethlehem, Gilo, and Bayt Jala, a short drive south of Jerusalem and with the mountains of Jordan visible on a clear day, the location has been understandably described as "strategic". Prior to the 1967 Six Day War, this was Jordanian territory, and is 'east' of the Green Line but west of the border fence surrounding Bethlehem. The property itself belonged to the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, at least since 1869, when it was administered by the Habsburg Austro-Hungarian Empire's branch of the SMOM. During the Ottoman era, they operated a hospital on this site. Apparently, though, there are ties to this land with the order dating back to their first arrival here – in 1099, with the first crusade. Fr. Hesburgh convinced Paul VI to purchase the property from the Order in 1966, for $300,000, just a few months shy of the Six Day War. The initial cost of building the center was estimated at $1 million, for which Fr. Ted looked to the generosity of I. A. O'Shaughnessy (known on campus for having donated the funds for the Arts and Letters College). Notre Dame leased the property from the Vatican in 1967, but building had to wait during the conflict,

[ 2166, 6859, 327, 785, 278, 8518, 310, 1952, 720, 29879, 29892, 470, 11090, 824, 23435, 785, 411, 263, 5121, 515, 18472, 3973, 3014, 29889, 319, 696, 29877, 615, 459, 2166, 6859, 801, 322, 263, 1302, 1537, 5001, 310, 28865, 515, 1716, 11996, 322, 278, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 1754, 363, 263, 1855, 12853, 304, 445, 2058, 29889, 306, 14034, 278, 16375, 7126, 304, 367, 1834, 29887, 4357, 785, 366, 1073, 366, 505, 1063, 5476, 510, 287, 408, 5121, 322, 3942, 746, 366, 505, 445, 19797, 29991, 13, 28575, 23471, 29879, 472, 323, 424, 332, 29892, 23204, 13, 2008, 3266, 29871, 29906, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29871, 29955, 29901, 29945, 29945, 626, 847, 951, 1351, 263, 3440, 13, 1576, 13476, 2480, 29899, 1572, 12417, 472, 323, 424, 332, 13, 11139, 1050, 756, 2041, 322, 7695, 29892, 322, 306, 1284, 6142, 8454, 1283, 1554, 393, 756, 1063, 373, 590, 376, 29933, 2707, 300, 2391, 29908, 363, 8886, 1023, 1602, 3076, 29901, 26176, 322, 5925, 472, 24337, 360, 420, 29915, 29879, 323, 424, 332, 382, 29883, 14170, 936, 8907, 297, 23204, 29889, 13, 29902, 11977, 297, 278, 23204, 5683, 16340, 4646, 29892, 1156, 825, 7091, 763, 263, 4723, 297, 1301, 277, 3025, 27689, 29892, 478, 29711, 29892, 3080, 484, 25332, 29892, 17399, 322, 9184, 29889, 1619, 937, 2714, 29892, 408, 278, 405, 267, 2276, 528, 4774, 280, 26603, 1090, 11240, 7241, 487, 17311, 19958, 29892, 338, 393, 931, 285, 3687, 322, 306, 508, 15155, 4658, 372, 756, 2307, 1063, 29871, 29945, 2440, 1951, 590, 937, 6493, 304, 278, 17733, 3172, 29889, 2193, 471, 263, 29871, 29929, 29899, 3250, 3031, 18220, 411, 278, 20679, 2292, 2546, 25940, 3527, 29892, 472, 278, 1383, 17419, 12321, 1171, 8907, 29889, 13, 29911, 397, 388, 29892, 306, 7232, 935, 373, 263, 29871, 29941, 29899, 10874, 766, 1940, 362, 5007, 10404, 3527, 472, 323, 424, 332, 29889, 739, 756, 4586, 2211, 2440, 310, 1985, 2999, 760, 931, 17643, 313, 14540, 537, 18819, 29892, 5925, 20255, 29892, 6559, 28177, 25488, 8455, 29892, 20954, 594, 19188, 29892, 6121, 1824, 13925, 29897, 304, 679, 304, 278, 1298, 306, 1033, 2125, 263, 2846, 7378, 525, 2696, 29915, 322, 2869, 664, 2989, 931, 373, 590, 766, 1940, 362, 29889, 306, 626, 3063, 6375, 304, 372, 29892, 541, 306, 1970, 404, 372, 4893, 263, 7303, 3841, 304, 10365, 304, 2534, 577, 1568, 931, 304, 664, 373, 278, 697, 2655, 306, 2360, 2833, 304, 505, 931, 363, 29991, 13, 25271, 3730, 29892, 323, 424, 332, 756, 263, 3489, 310, 1048, 29871, 29953, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 29899, 29955, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 18167, 373, 1361, 29892, 411, 19310, 275, 373, 21226, 14170, 1608, 322, 2373, 2021, 1199, 29889, 518, 2059, 10230, 29892, 278, 18726, 1019, 853, 1421, 297, 9184, 756, 1048, 29871, 29906, 29946, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 29936, 278, 2787, 8831, 310, 6291, 267, 3489, 472, 10211, 7759, 756, 1048, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 5586, 450, 3489, 7788, 17654, 777, 2645, 278, 6440, 3159, 361, 1114, 313, 29883, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29900, 29899, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29945, 511, 322, 338, 297, 278, 29214, 310, 13271, 967, 4333, 785, 263, 2060, 306, 505, 1063, 4433, 304, 1371, 411, 1550, 306, 626, 1244, 29892, 408, 760, 310, 590, 25940, 3527, 29889, 13, 1576, 16778, 310, 278, 832, 12356, 748, 1250, 304, 278, 6440, 478, 271, 2185, 8831, 322, 2094, 1309, 2153, 1546, 3739, 5473, 322, 21226, 14170, 936, 5366, 874, 29892, 1058, 12561, 287, 310, 385, 6121, 278, 5996, 832, 12356, 363, 21226, 14170, 936, 5925, 322, 2834, 29889, 450, 13834, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29946, 11781, 310, 3739, 5473, 322, 319, 6098, 351, 272, 294, 297, 23204, 373, 278, 8040, 310, 7137, 3145, 16267, 287, 278, 17837, 393, 445, 723, 367, 278, 6924, 2058, 363, 1316, 385, 832, 12356, 304, 367, 7841, 29889, 13, 18743, 1472, 29892, 3739, 5473, 9953, 16656, 278, 18551, 304, 5642, 916, 1135, 24337, 360, 420, 29915, 29879, 6673, 29892, 11459, 29889, 450, 29221, 379, 267, 13903, 29892, 315, 7187, 29889, 1094, 540, 5148, 2820, 23204, 29892, 540, 6140, 304, 1284, 278, 4922, 9758, 29889, 13, 29911, 424, 332, 338, 5982, 373, 29871, 29941, 29953, 23931, 310, 17306, 3332, 288, 9258, 10697, 29892, 325, 457, 29891, 3163, 29892, 322, 282, 457, 29889, 6811, 23261, 23408, 280, 8008, 29892, 402, 7820, 29892, 322, 6211, 29873, 435, 2883, 29892, 263, 3273, 7899, 7062, 310, 23204, 322, 411, 278, 19223, 310, 18284, 7962, 373, 263, 2821, 2462, 29892, 278, 4423, 756, 1063, 2274, 2197, 5439, 408, 376, 710, 1845, 293, 1642, 22096, 304, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29955, 18372, 8373, 3362, 29892, 445, 471, 18284, 713, 20123, 29892, 322, 338, 525, 23027, 29915, 310, 278, 7646, 7407, 541, 5833, 310, 278, 5139, 285, 663, 18830, 23408, 280, 8008, 29889, 13, 1576, 2875, 3528, 28911, 304, 278, 317, 957, 7577, 20080, 8170, 310, 3792, 941, 29892, 472, 3203, 1951, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29953, 29929, 29892, 746, 372, 471, 4113, 1531, 287, 491, 278, 379, 6897, 3074, 3330, 307, 29899, 29950, 686, 13956, 13378, 29915, 29879, 5443, 310, 278, 13766, 6488, 29889, 7133, 278, 13476, 2480, 3152, 29892, 896, 19623, 263, 13457, 373, 445, 3268, 29889, 27466, 2705, 29892, 2466, 29892, 727, 526, 260, 583, 304, 445, 2982, 411, 278, 1797, 270, 1218, 1250, 304, 1009, 937, 18517, 1244, 785, 297, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29929, 29929, 29892, 411, 278, 937, 2181, 375, 1943, 29889, 13, 14438, 29889, 379, 267, 13903, 25617, 3739, 5473, 304, 20590, 278, 2875, 515, 278, 8170, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29953, 29892, 363, 395, 29941, 29900, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 29892, 925, 263, 2846, 7378, 528, 29891, 310, 278, 18372, 8373, 3362, 29889, 450, 2847, 3438, 310, 5214, 278, 4818, 471, 15899, 472, 395, 29896, 7284, 29892, 363, 607, 4693, 29889, 22040, 5148, 304, 278, 1176, 359, 537, 310, 306, 29889, 319, 29889, 438, 29915, 2713, 6334, 2264, 29891, 313, 5203, 373, 24165, 363, 2534, 1016, 630, 278, 29199, 363, 278, 11401, 322, 2803, 2153, 6346, 467, 24337, 360, 420, 454, 1463, 278, 2875, 515, 278, 478, 271, 2185, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29955, 29892, 541, 5214, 750, 304, 4480, 2645, 278, 14529, 29892 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.861941

0.168058

1.033911

0.853539

after which Israel now controlled the territory. By the time the center was constructed in 1971, the cost had doubled. The first year of operation was 1972. Anticipating the renewal of the Vatican lease of Tantur to Notre Dame for another 50 years, starting next year, the University has approved a strategic plan that would propel the Institute to its next phase. The original vision of a resident community of scholars has ebbed and flowed, and most of the people who come through do so either for sabbatical or short term programs, in addition to ND's study abroad programs in the spring. There are currently three of us considered resident Fellows or Scholars: A Church of England priest, a Jewish biblical scholar, and myself. There is also one seminarian intern/program assistant. There are about twenty people here on a three-month sabbatical/continuing education program, mostly Catholic priests (with two Anglicans). It is easy to envision something like the Lay Centre in Rome as a model for the community life here, with a more explicit focus on ecumenical dialogue. I had finished most of this post at the end of my first full day here; this morning (Yom Kippur/ Eid al-Adha) I heard the news of the shooting death of a 19-year old university freshman at a security checkpoint from a Mennonite peace worker. It is a somber reminder that even as I am here to get away from the distractions of the world to write and research, and as quiet and peaceful as things appear from this hilltop retreat, the complexities of the situation here, and the tragedies, require our prayer for peaceful resolution. And deeper understanding. I am no expert, and I hope the next three months bring me to a deeper understanding and solidarity with my brothers and sisters here – Israeli and Palestinian, Jewish, Muslim, Druze, and Christian. Quinque annis fui Romae September 2, 2014 11:20 pm / Leave a comment I am not a classicist, so any Fr. Reggie disciples out there, be merciful with my occasional Latin. It seems more and more my posts begin with "sorry I have not written in so long…", but then so do most of my emails. A new semester has begun for U.S. study abroad students in Rome, and in the miracle attributable to Our Lady of Climate Change, while Calgary experienced the hottest summer on record in 75 years, Rome has been topping out at a pleasant 27°C [80°F] or below since I have been back. That's practically Halloween weather! My adjunct professorial career continues with two courses this fall: Catholicism Today, and the Theology of the Church in Rome. I will also be serving as the Academic Success and Spiritual Life/Campus Ministry Advisor for one university, where i now reside. No longer the graduate assistant at the John Paul II Center for Interreligious Dialogue, my academic focus should allow time for more writing. Mostly, i hope, on the dissertation, but also a bit on this blog! And there is so much to share. Personally, summer included two seminars – one online on the ordination of women to the diaconate in the Church's past, present and future; and the other in Greece on Orthodox Theology. I heard the clearest and most concise explanation of the filioque issue ever, and my faith in its ecumenical resolution is now certain. Then there were visits home to Seattle, to the Canadian Rockies and Calgary, and a wedding in the Colorado high Rockies above Denver. Hiking, camping, road trips, and fog so thick you would not be able to see a volcano if it were right in front of you. More on all of that soon. Pictures too. Broadly, the Vatican Bank's been getting cleaned up, the world is at war and in large parts oblivious to the fact, Christianity has been all-but extinguished in one of its ancient patriarchates, a Pan-Orthodox Council (inshallah) is promised, and there are some rather nervous prelates around Rome. June saw the third installment of the very successful Receptive Ecumenism conferences, and as people trickle back in from vacation around the Eternal City, all eyes are on the Synod for the

[ 1156, 607, 11996, 1286, 20704, 278, 20123, 29889, 2648, 278, 931, 278, 4818, 471, 13319, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29896, 29892, 278, 3438, 750, 3765, 29881, 29889, 450, 937, 1629, 310, 5858, 471, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29906, 29889, 13, 13448, 12654, 1218, 278, 23011, 284, 310, 278, 478, 271, 2185, 454, 559, 310, 323, 424, 332, 304, 24337, 360, 420, 363, 1790, 29871, 29945, 29900, 2440, 29892, 6257, 2446, 1629, 29892, 278, 3014, 756, 23454, 263, 16650, 293, 3814, 393, 723, 3107, 295, 278, 8907, 304, 967, 2446, 8576, 29889, 450, 2441, 18551, 310, 263, 20201, 7881, 310, 1364, 324, 1503, 756, 321, 1327, 287, 322, 4972, 287, 29892, 322, 1556, 310, 278, 2305, 1058, 2041, 1549, 437, 577, 2845, 363, 269, 8846, 271, 936, 470, 3273, 1840, 11104, 29892, 297, 6124, 304, 405, 29928, 29915, 29879, 6559, 28177, 11104, 297, 278, 6709, 29889, 1670, 526, 5279, 2211, 310, 502, 5545, 20201, 383, 514, 1242, 470, 1102, 324, 1503, 29901, 319, 6291, 310, 5408, 18781, 29892, 263, 16728, 29727, 506, 284, 21344, 29892, 322, 6142, 29889, 1670, 338, 884, 697, 3031, 262, 13956, 2836, 29914, 8860, 20255, 29889, 1670, 526, 1048, 10081, 2305, 1244, 373, 263, 2211, 29899, 10874, 269, 8846, 271, 936, 29914, 20621, 292, 9793, 1824, 29892, 11149, 11865, 3691, 9197, 313, 2541, 1023, 3218, 506, 550, 467, 739, 338, 4780, 304, 427, 4924, 1554, 763, 278, 365, 388, 11319, 297, 9184, 408, 263, 1904, 363, 278, 7881, 2834, 1244, 29892, 411, 263, 901, 6261, 8569, 373, 21226, 14170, 936, 7928, 434, 29889, 13, 29902, 750, 7743, 1556, 310, 445, 1400, 472, 278, 1095, 310, 590, 937, 2989, 2462, 1244, 29936, 445, 7250, 313, 29979, 290, 476, 8377, 332, 29914, 382, 333, 394, 29899, 3253, 2350, 29897, 306, 6091, 278, 9763, 310, 278, 27904, 4892, 310, 263, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29899, 6360, 2030, 16372, 10849, 1171, 472, 263, 6993, 1423, 3149, 515, 263, 341, 2108, 265, 568, 10776, 15645, 29889, 739, 338, 263, 1047, 495, 1083, 4995, 393, 1584, 408, 306, 626, 1244, 304, 679, 3448, 515, 278, 1320, 336, 1953, 310, 278, 3186, 304, 2436, 322, 5925, 29892, 322, 408, 11813, 322, 10776, 1319, 408, 2712, 2615, 515, 445, 17306, 3332, 22162, 271, 29892, 278, 4280, 1907, 310, 278, 6434, 1244, 29892, 322, 278, 1020, 3192, 583, 29892, 1996, 1749, 27402, 363, 10776, 1319, 10104, 29889, 1126, 25871, 8004, 29889, 306, 626, 694, 17924, 29892, 322, 306, 4966, 278, 2446, 2211, 7378, 6963, 592, 304, 263, 25871, 8004, 322, 7773, 279, 537, 411, 590, 21383, 322, 9883, 29879, 1244, 785, 22895, 5037, 322, 22053, 262, 713, 29892, 16728, 29892, 23772, 29892, 16597, 911, 29892, 322, 6111, 29889, 13, 2182, 262, 802, 2889, 275, 285, 1481, 6033, 3660, 13, 2008, 3266, 29871, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29901, 29906, 29900, 26354, 847, 951, 1351, 263, 3440, 13, 29902, 626, 451, 263, 22037, 391, 29892, 577, 738, 4693, 29889, 2169, 12053, 766, 455, 2701, 714, 727, 29892, 367, 16856, 6845, 411, 590, 14882, 1848, 13548, 29889, 13, 3112, 2444, 901, 322, 901, 590, 11803, 3380, 411, 376, 29879, 3818, 306, 505, 451, 3971, 297, 577, 1472, 30098, 613, 541, 769, 577, 437, 1556, 310, 590, 24609, 29889, 13, 29909, 716, 3031, 4156, 756, 23580, 363, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 6559, 28177, 8041, 297, 9184, 29892, 322, 297, 278, 3737, 10792, 1098, 1091, 9246, 304, 8680, 10040, 310, 2233, 6490, 10726, 29892, 1550, 3037, 29887, 653, 18860, 278, 298, 1501, 342, 11801, 373, 2407, 297, 29871, 29955, 29945, 2440, 29892, 9184, 756, 1063, 304, 3262, 714, 472, 263, 21246, 29871, 29906, 29955, 30073, 29907, 518, 29947, 29900, 30073, 29943, 29962, 470, 2400, 1951, 306, 505, 1063, 1250, 29889, 2193, 29915, 29879, 4120, 1711, 6573, 4657, 264, 14826, 29991, 13, 3421, 12109, 18049, 12251, 616, 6413, 18172, 411, 1023, 21888, 445, 6416, 29901, 11865, 1608, 20628, 29892, 322, 278, 450, 3002, 310, 278, 6291, 297, 9184, 29889, 306, 674, 884, 367, 16330, 408, 278, 16146, 293, 21397, 322, 20799, 950, 4634, 29914, 29907, 1160, 375, 20886, 2087, 19188, 363, 697, 16372, 29892, 988, 474, 1286, 620, 680, 29889, 1939, 5520, 278, 10591, 403, 20255, 472, 278, 2259, 3739, 1944, 7817, 363, 4124, 2674, 335, 2738, 18878, 434, 29892, 590, 21567, 8569, 881, 2758, 931, 363, 901, 5007, 29889, 7849, 368, 29892, 474, 4966, 29892, 373, 278, 766, 1940, 362, 29892, 541, 884, 263, 2586, 373, 445, 12618, 29991, 13, 2855, 727, 338, 577, 1568, 304, 6232, 29889, 13, 7435, 635, 29892, 11801, 5134, 1023, 3031, 262, 1503, 785, 697, 7395, 373, 278, 4356, 3381, 310, 5866, 304, 278, 9766, 535, 403, 297, 278, 6291, 29915, 29879, 4940, 29892, 2198, 322, 5434, 29936, 322, 278, 916, 297, 25549, 373, 23757, 17324, 450, 3002, 29889, 306, 6091, 278, 2821, 342, 322, 1556, 3022, 895, 8252, 310, 278, 977, 601, 802, 2228, 3926, 29892, 322, 590, 10847, 297, 967, 21226, 14170, 936, 10104, 338, 1286, 3058, 29889, 1987, 727, 892, 1998, 1169, 3271, 304, 27689, 29892, 304, 278, 11443, 8027, 583, 322, 3037, 29887, 653, 29892, 322, 263, 14837, 8497, 297, 278, 21137, 1880, 8027, 583, 2038, 3384, 369, 29889, 379, 638, 292, 29892, 4242, 292, 29892, 6520, 3367, 567, 29892, 322, 16847, 577, 12003, 366, 723, 451, 367, 2221, 304, 1074, 263, 1700, 26004, 565, 372, 892, 1492, 297, 4565, 310, 366, 29889, 5853, 373, 599, 310, 393, 4720, 29889, 26069, 2086, 29889, 13, 29933, 9972, 368, 29892, 278, 478, 271, 2185, 10253, 29915, 29879, 1063, 2805, 5941, 287, 701, 29892, 278, 3186, 338, 472, 1370, 322, 297, 2919, 5633, 704, 17843, 2738, 304, 278, 2114, 29892, 6111, 537, 756, 1063, 599, 29899, 4187, 429, 1259, 29884, 3276, 297, 697, 310, 967, 12297, 16967, 1279, 1078, 29892, 263, 6518, 29899, 2816, 386, 17324, 8831, 313, 262, 23258, 8083, 29897, 338, 22399, 29892, 322, 727, 526, 777, 3265, 23547, 681, 758, 29880, 1078, 2820, 9184, 29889, 5306, 4446, 278, 4654, 2601, 358, 310, 278, 1407, 9150, 830, 1547, 573, 382, 29883, 14170, 1608, 378, 10662, 29892, 322, 408, 2305, 8938, 280, 1250, 297, 515, 11757, 362, 2820, 278, 382, 1890, 4412, 29892, 599, 5076, 526, 373, 278, 10829, 397, 363, 278 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.525025

0.103168

0.503117

0.43107

The Occidental Lanzarote Mar is a hotel designed for sports orientated individuals, families and groups. With Olympic size pool, it offers specialist training facilities and support services for triathletes, cyclists, and water sports enthusiasts with choice of specialist dietary, buffet and a la carte dining, wellness centre and spa, gym, special facilities for families, kids club and evening entertainment. The hotel is located Just south of Costa Teguise just between El Jablillo and Las Calestas approximately 15km, around 20 minutes drive, from the airport. It is close to the small, natural beach Playa del Ancia, which is around 500m away, with access down a moderate slope and some rocky areas. The main windsurfing and sandy beach is Las Cucharas around 2.6km away, around a 5 minute transfer with the hotel's free shuttle bus, which runs during the day. This newly refurbished hotel has 442 rooms, with 3 floors in 7 individual buildings with lift and stair access. Room categories include: Double Rooms, Family Room, Family Suite, Suite Deluxe with 2 bedrooms, Deluxe Sports Rooms and Deluxe Hipoxia Reooms. These room are decorated in a cheerful and colourful style, with a living area in the bedroom, with 2 x twin beds, a rain-effect shower and complimentary toiletries in the bathroom. Maximum room capacity is 2 people (2 adults). Room facilities include: en-suite bathroom with complimentary toiletries, hairdryer, air conditioning, telephone, mini bar (subject to charge) and in room safe (subject to local charge) and free WiFi. The Superior Family room has a separate bedroom with 2 x twin beds sofa bed and a cot with complimentary baby arrival pack in the room, consisting of a changing set, a baby bath, baby monitor and bottle warmer. The ensuite bathroom has a bathtub with shower over, with complimentary toiletries, hairdryer. The main bedroom has a sitting area with sofa bed, air conditioning, telephone, mini bar (subject to charge) and in room safe (subject to local charge) and free WiFi and Young families travelling are offers a Wii (subject to deposit) and a baby kit (free of charge). Maximum room capacity is for 4 people (possible combinations: 3 adults and one child; 2 adults and 2 children) with up to 2 extra beds for children possible in the bedroom on request. Cots are available, subject to local charge, which we recommend you request in advance of arrival. These luxurious suites are completely new with a modern and elegant design, with 2 large bedrooms (1 x king size bed and 2 x single beds), one with dressing room, a spacious living room with 42" LCD TV in both bedrooms, Lavazza experesso machine, ensuite bathroom with twin washbasins and two rain effect showsers, hairdryer, maginifyer mirror, exclusive guest toiletries, with bathrobe and slipper set. There is a furnished terrace. Maximum room capacity 4 adults. These rooms have been designed with a large, private terrace, a sleeping area with a king size bed and a lounge area with a comfortable sofa, each with a plasma TV, as well as a fully equipped bathroom with rain-effect shower. There is a a spacious training area with an exercise pad prepared for using TRX belts encourages guests to stay in shape in the privacy of your own room. An indoor hot tub with water filter and a panoramic window ( with request for activation at check-in), or a relaxing session in the private Finnish sauna. In addition, the room has a space for storing your sports equipment. Maximum room capacity 2 people. The spacious, new Hypoxia Deluxe room has been designed for the athlete with a modern bedroom with an armchair and desk, a furnished balcony, a dressing room, and a bathroom with a rain-effect shower, bathrobe and slippers. The hypoxia system simulates altitudes of up to 4,000 m by reducing the concentration of oxygen in the air. Prolonged stays allow the body to increase production of

[ 450, 16117, 1693, 284, 365, 4096, 279, 866, 1085, 338, 263, 16730, 8688, 363, 14717, 7769, 630, 15724, 29892, 13175, 322, 6471, 29889, 2973, 19025, 2159, 11565, 29892, 372, 16688, 4266, 391, 6694, 23330, 322, 2304, 5786, 363, 3367, 493, 1026, 267, 29892, 24502, 2879, 29892, 322, 4094, 14717, 23644, 15736, 29879, 411, 7348, 310, 4266, 391, 652, 300, 653, 29892, 20487, 300, 322, 263, 425, 20206, 270, 2827, 29892, 1532, 2264, 8442, 322, 805, 29874, 29892, 330, 962, 29892, 4266, 23330, 363, 13175, 29892, 413, 4841, 4402, 322, 11005, 22684, 358, 29889, 13, 1576, 16730, 338, 5982, 3387, 7062, 310, 17513, 323, 24024, 895, 925, 1546, 1260, 435, 12478, 9093, 322, 7413, 3037, 342, 294, 14235, 29871, 29896, 29945, 8848, 29892, 2820, 29871, 29906, 29900, 6233, 7899, 29892, 515, 278, 4799, 637, 29889, 739, 338, 3802, 304, 278, 2319, 29892, 5613, 25695, 7412, 29874, 628, 530, 1512, 29892, 607, 338, 2820, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29900, 29885, 3448, 29892, 411, 2130, 1623, 263, 17768, 403, 24968, 322, 777, 7679, 29891, 10161, 29889, 450, 1667, 8805, 7610, 29888, 292, 322, 11982, 29891, 25695, 338, 7413, 315, 24059, 294, 2820, 29871, 29906, 29889, 29953, 8848, 3448, 29892, 2820, 263, 29871, 29945, 11015, 6782, 411, 278, 16730, 29915, 29879, 3889, 528, 4774, 280, 3593, 29892, 607, 6057, 2645, 278, 2462, 29889, 13, 4013, 15141, 2143, 9265, 3276, 16730, 756, 29871, 29946, 29946, 29906, 19600, 29892, 411, 29871, 29941, 5685, 943, 297, 29871, 29955, 5375, 13814, 411, 13777, 322, 380, 1466, 2130, 29889, 25114, 13997, 3160, 29901, 11599, 1528, 4835, 29892, 14662, 25114, 29892, 14662, 2166, 568, 29892, 2166, 568, 5556, 1314, 29872, 411, 29871, 29906, 6592, 18901, 29892, 5556, 1314, 29872, 12453, 1528, 4835, 322, 5556, 1314, 29872, 379, 666, 2251, 423, 830, 29877, 4835, 29889, 13, 1349, 968, 5716, 526, 10200, 630, 297, 263, 22794, 1319, 322, 12384, 1319, 3114, 29892, 411, 263, 8471, 4038, 297, 278, 6592, 8345, 29892, 411, 29871, 29906, 921, 3252, 262, 289, 5779, 29892, 263, 17251, 29899, 15987, 1510, 261, 322, 13162, 2073, 653, 304, 488, 29873, 2722, 297, 278, 27683, 8345, 29889, 5918, 12539, 5716, 13284, 338, 29871, 29906, 2305, 313, 29906, 16157, 29879, 467, 25114, 23330, 3160, 29901, 427, 29899, 13495, 27683, 8345, 411, 13162, 2073, 653, 304, 488, 29873, 2722, 29892, 447, 1823, 719, 261, 29892, 4799, 4195, 292, 29892, 4382, 6710, 29892, 20629, 2594, 313, 16009, 304, 8323, 29897, 322, 297, 5716, 9109, 313, 16009, 304, 1887, 8323, 29897, 322, 3889, 14570, 18800, 29889, 13, 1576, 5670, 1611, 14662, 5716, 756, 263, 5004, 6592, 8345, 411, 29871, 29906, 921, 3252, 262, 289, 5779, 577, 5444, 6592, 322, 263, 20118, 411, 13162, 2073, 653, 24354, 18517, 4870, 297, 278, 5716, 29892, 19849, 310, 263, 6480, 731, 29892, 263, 24354, 27683, 29892, 24354, 11819, 322, 18046, 280, 1370, 1050, 29889, 450, 18158, 27683, 8345, 756, 263, 17152, 400, 431, 411, 1510, 261, 975, 29892, 411, 13162, 2073, 653, 304, 488, 29873, 2722, 29892, 447, 1823, 719, 261, 29889, 450, 1667, 6592, 8345, 756, 263, 16246, 4038, 411, 577, 5444, 6592, 29892, 4799, 4195, 292, 29892, 4382, 6710, 29892, 20629, 2594, 313, 16009, 304, 8323, 29897, 322, 297, 5716, 9109, 313, 16009, 304, 1887, 8323, 29897, 322, 3889, 14570, 18800, 322, 10443, 13175, 6427, 7807, 526, 16688, 263, 399, 2236, 313, 16009, 304, 19754, 277, 29897, 322, 263, 24354, 413, 277, 313, 9021, 310, 8323, 467, 5918, 12539, 5716, 13284, 338, 363, 29871, 29946, 2305, 313, 27338, 18240, 29901, 29871, 29941, 16157, 29879, 322, 697, 2278, 29936, 29871, 29906, 16157, 29879, 322, 29871, 29906, 4344, 29897, 411, 701, 304, 29871, 29906, 4805, 289, 5779, 363, 4344, 1950, 297, 278, 6592, 8345, 373, 2009, 29889, 315, 1862, 526, 3625, 29892, 4967, 304, 1887, 8323, 29892, 607, 591, 6907, 366, 2009, 297, 6564, 310, 18517, 29889, 13, 1349, 968, 21684, 332, 2738, 480, 3246, 526, 6446, 716, 411, 263, 5400, 322, 19232, 2874, 29892, 411, 29871, 29906, 2919, 6592, 18901, 313, 29896, 921, 6989, 2159, 6592, 322, 29871, 29906, 921, 2323, 289, 5779, 511, 697, 411, 10714, 292, 5716, 29892, 263, 805, 29874, 8802, 8471, 5716, 411, 29871, 29946, 29906, 29908, 365, 6530, 5648, 297, 1716, 6592, 18901, 29892, 23212, 834, 1362, 2902, 6777, 4933, 29892, 18158, 27683, 8345, 411, 3252, 262, 471, 29882, 6500, 1144, 322, 1023, 17251, 2779, 3697, 414, 29892, 447, 1823, 719, 261, 29892, 2320, 262, 1598, 261, 19571, 29892, 29192, 17838, 304, 488, 29873, 2722, 29892, 411, 27683, 307, 915, 322, 20662, 2496, 731, 29889, 1670, 338, 263, 15252, 3276, 15087, 346, 29889, 5918, 12539, 5716, 13284, 29871, 29946, 16157, 29879, 29889, 13, 1349, 968, 19600, 505, 1063, 8688, 411, 263, 2919, 29892, 2024, 15087, 346, 29892, 263, 8709, 292, 4038, 411, 263, 6989, 2159, 6592, 322, 263, 301, 1309, 479, 4038, 411, 263, 25561, 577, 5444, 29892, 1269, 411, 263, 715, 25392, 5648, 29892, 408, 1532, 408, 263, 8072, 1592, 16242, 27683, 8345, 411, 17251, 29899, 15987, 1510, 261, 29889, 1670, 338, 263, 263, 805, 29874, 8802, 6694, 4038, 411, 385, 15058, 17132, 13240, 363, 773, 10014, 29990, 1339, 1372, 18443, 267, 28865, 304, 7952, 297, 8267, 297, 278, 5999, 4135, 310, 596, 1914, 5716, 29889, 530, 1399, 16946, 7375, 23131, 411, 4094, 4175, 322, 263, 7243, 272, 314, 293, 3474, 313, 411, 2009, 363, 26229, 472, 1423, 29899, 262, 511, 470, 263, 26681, 292, 4867, 297, 278, 2024, 21189, 728, 872, 4347, 29889, 512, 6124, 29892, 278, 5716, 756, 263, 2913, 363, 15446, 596, 14717, 21083, 29889, 5918, 12539, 5716, 13284, 29871, 29906, 2305, 29889, 13, 1576, 805, 29874, 8802, 29892, 716, 9665, 1129, 29916, 423, 5556, 1314, 29872, 5716, 756, 1063, 8688, 363, 278, 17622, 2810, 411, 263, 5400, 6592, 8345, 411, 385, 5075, 305, 1466, 322, 553, 29895, 29892, 263, 15252, 3276, 6411, 535, 29891, 29892, 263, 10714, 292, 5716, 29892, 322, 263, 27683, 8345, 411, 263, 17251, 29899, 15987, 1510, 261, 29892, 27683, 307, 915, 322, 20662, 22437, 29889, 450, 7498, 1129, 29916, 423, 1788, 1027, 352, 1078, 5272, 20816, 310, 701, 304, 29871, 29946, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 286, 491, 27668, 278, 26702, 310, 288, 28596, 297, 278, 4799, 29889, 1019, 5426, 287, 27111, 2758, 278, 3573, 304, 7910, 5802, 310 ]

1,024

C4

0.314574

-0.900668

-0.601957

-0.63364

Carol Adams' work is concerned with the relationships between business, society and the environment. She is an internationally renowned author in integrated reporting and sustainability reporting, change management and performance management. She holds a part time professor position at Monash University, is a visiting professor at the Adam Smith Business School, University of Glasgow and a Research Fellow at the Centre for Sustainability Management, Leuphana Universität Lüneburg. She serves on a number of Boards and consults through Integrated Horizons on corporate reporting strategy and process and embedding sustainability into mainstream management and governance processes. She helps organizations realize lasting value from social and environmental sustainability initiatives. Carol has led the development of internationally award winning management and governance processes and sustainability reports. She has been involved in various global corporate reporting initiatives and is currently a member of the Stakeholder Council of the Global Reporting Initiative and a member of the Capitals Technical Collaboration Group for the International Integrated Reporting Council. She served as a Director and Council Member of Accountability and was involved in the development of the first AA1000 Framework. Sandra Waddock is the Galligan Chair of Strategy, Carroll School Scholar of Corporate Responsibility, and Professor of Management in the Carroll School of Management at Boston College. Widely published, Prof Waddock's research interests are in the area of macro-system change, intellectual shamanism, stewardship of the future, wisdom, corporate responsibility, management education, and multi-sector collaboration. Author or editor of eleven books, her most recent books are Intellectual Shamans: Management Academics Making a Difference (Cambridge, 2015), Building the Responsible Enterprise: Where Vision and Values Meet Value (with Andreas Rasche, Stanford, 2012), and SEE Change: Making the Change to a Sustainable Enterprise Economy (with Malcolm McIntosh, Greenleaf, 2011), The Difference Makers: How Social and Institutional Entrepreneurs Built the Corporate Responsibility Movement (Greenleaf, 2008. Dr. Waddock has published well over 100 articles on corporate citizenship, sustainable enterprise, difference making, wisdom, stewardship of the future, responsibility management systems, corporate responsibility, management education, and related topics. Prof Guthey is an Associate Professor in the CBS's Department of Intercultural Communication and Management in Denamrk. He earned a PhD in American Studies from Emory University, an MA in Biblical Literature and Religion from Columbia University, and a BA in Religion from St Olaf College. With a background in the humanities and cultural history, and years of experience at business schools in Europe, New Zealand, and the United States, his research explores the interplay between media representation and the public face of business leaders, the business dynamics of leadership development, and the production of leadership via the leadership industries. Prof Guthey has written and co-authored numerous articles in the area of leadership, organisational behaviour, and management trends and is co-author of Demystifying Business Celebrity. Since 2008, he has served as a board member of the International Leadership Association and the Academic Council of the Baltic Management Institute. During his visit, Prof Guthey had meetings with ALCRL staff to exchange knowledge and ideas. He also engaged with PhD students and presented a Brown Bag lunch seminar and a public lecture. During his public lecture, Prof Guthey focused on what he calls "leadership land" and emphasised the importance of following a critical leadership theory approach, with the emphasis on collective leadership rather than individual leadership. Prof Guthey and Prof Derick de Jongh, Director of the ALCRL, explored the possibility of joined research projects on leadership between the CBS and ALCRL. This collaboration will inform and promote responsible leadership and transformational change in business and society via the production of new research and new theory on the leadership dynamics of sustainable change in a development context. The first step will be to organise an international network of scholars in leadership, including a jointly-authored theoretical research paper on the connections between responsible leadership, sustainability, and transformational change. It is also ensvisioned that a PhD student exhange programme be developed, whereby ALCRL and CBS PhD students in leadership studies will visit SA and Denmark in 2016 and beyond. 'The University of Pret

[ 8562, 20359, 29915, 664, 338, 15041, 411, 278, 21702, 1546, 5381, 29892, 12459, 322, 278, 5177, 29889, 2296, 338, 385, 2836, 362, 635, 4325, 26689, 4148, 297, 23387, 23415, 322, 15075, 475, 3097, 23415, 29892, 1735, 10643, 322, 4180, 10643, 29889, 2296, 8640, 263, 760, 931, 12251, 2602, 472, 2598, 1161, 3014, 29892, 338, 263, 6493, 292, 12251, 472, 278, 11783, 7075, 15197, 4523, 29892, 3014, 310, 29196, 322, 263, 10550, 25940, 472, 278, 11319, 363, 317, 504, 475, 3097, 15057, 29892, 951, 29884, 561, 1648, 12855, 24123, 484, 3074, 29889, 13, 13468, 19700, 373, 263, 1353, 310, 1952, 3163, 322, 8799, 29879, 1549, 17100, 630, 6912, 466, 787, 373, 17266, 403, 23415, 13705, 322, 1889, 322, 23655, 15075, 475, 3097, 964, 1667, 5461, 10643, 322, 4095, 749, 10174, 29889, 2296, 6911, 25700, 16289, 1833, 292, 995, 515, 5264, 322, 29380, 15075, 475, 3097, 14511, 5056, 29889, 13, 8179, 324, 756, 5331, 278, 5849, 310, 2836, 362, 635, 9862, 15613, 10643, 322, 4095, 749, 10174, 322, 15075, 475, 3097, 13676, 29889, 13, 13468, 756, 1063, 9701, 297, 5164, 5534, 17266, 403, 23415, 14511, 5056, 322, 338, 5279, 263, 4509, 310, 278, 624, 1296, 7694, 8831, 310, 278, 12002, 13969, 292, 512, 4812, 1230, 322, 263, 4509, 310, 278, 22009, 1338, 8364, 936, 13435, 3717, 362, 6431, 363, 278, 4623, 17100, 630, 13969, 292, 8831, 29889, 2296, 6766, 408, 263, 15944, 322, 8831, 19495, 310, 16535, 3097, 322, 471, 9701, 297, 278, 5849, 310, 278, 937, 22704, 29896, 29900, 29900, 29900, 16657, 29889, 13, 29903, 10738, 399, 1202, 1698, 338, 278, 8130, 11163, 24193, 310, 3767, 8963, 29892, 1704, 1245, 4523, 1102, 10170, 310, 12767, 403, 2538, 29886, 787, 4127, 29892, 322, 11386, 310, 15057, 297, 278, 1704, 1245, 4523, 310, 15057, 472, 12115, 6346, 29889, 13, 29956, 333, 873, 6369, 29892, 6175, 399, 1202, 1698, 29915, 29879, 5925, 20017, 526, 297, 278, 4038, 310, 11758, 29899, 5205, 1735, 29892, 29762, 528, 13533, 1608, 29892, 1886, 1328, 3527, 310, 278, 5434, 29892, 29714, 29892, 17266, 403, 23134, 29892, 10643, 9793, 29892, 322, 2473, 29899, 344, 2801, 24771, 29889, 13361, 470, 6920, 310, 28121, 8277, 29892, 902, 1556, 7786, 8277, 526, 18555, 781, 950, 1383, 314, 550, 29901, 15057, 16146, 1199, 341, 5086, 263, 360, 17678, 313, 29907, 1117, 8605, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 511, 17166, 278, 2538, 29886, 787, 1821, 9041, 7734, 29901, 6804, 478, 2459, 322, 2630, 1041, 2191, 300, 7865, 313, 2541, 21186, 25351, 1173, 29892, 7813, 4006, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 511, 322, 3725, 29923, 10726, 29901, 341, 5086, 278, 10726, 304, 263, 317, 504, 475, 519, 9041, 7734, 12884, 29891, 313, 2541, 3792, 1054, 29885, 4052, 2928, 10578, 29892, 7646, 29500, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29896, 511, 450, 360, 17678, 17232, 414, 29901, 1128, 10307, 322, 28218, 284, 14447, 558, 1600, 1295, 5373, 2782, 278, 12767, 403, 2538, 29886, 787, 4127, 14104, 882, 313, 24599, 29500, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29947, 29889, 4942, 29889, 399, 1202, 1698, 756, 6369, 1532, 975, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 7456, 373, 17266, 403, 18363, 4034, 29892, 15075, 475, 519, 3896, 7734, 29892, 4328, 3907, 29892, 29714, 29892, 1886, 1328, 3527, 310, 278, 5434, 29892, 23134, 10643, 6757, 29892, 17266, 403, 23134, 29892, 10643, 9793, 29892, 322, 4475, 23820, 29889, 13, 1184, 29888, 24032, 354, 29891, 338, 385, 6853, 403, 11386, 297, 278, 29589, 29915, 29879, 10317, 310, 4124, 29883, 499, 3631, 22365, 362, 322, 15057, 297, 3384, 314, 29878, 29895, 29889, 940, 20591, 263, 1963, 29928, 297, 3082, 16972, 515, 2812, 706, 3014, 29892, 385, 14861, 297, 19864, 506, 284, 5449, 1535, 322, 27099, 515, 15411, 3014, 29892, 322, 263, 350, 29909, 297, 27099, 515, 624, 438, 433, 29888, 6346, 29889, 13, 3047, 263, 3239, 297, 278, 5199, 1907, 322, 16375, 4955, 29892, 322, 2440, 310, 7271, 472, 5381, 12462, 297, 4092, 29892, 1570, 13450, 29892, 322, 278, 3303, 3900, 29892, 670, 5925, 3902, 2361, 278, 1006, 1456, 1546, 5745, 8954, 322, 278, 970, 3700, 310, 5381, 20251, 29892, 278, 5381, 19753, 310, 26001, 5849, 29892, 322, 278, 5802, 310, 26001, 3025, 278, 26001, 6397, 2722, 29889, 6175, 24032, 354, 29891, 756, 3971, 322, 1302, 29899, 8921, 287, 12727, 7456, 297, 278, 4038, 310, 26001, 29892, 17459, 1288, 10468, 29892, 322, 10643, 534, 1975, 322, 338, 1302, 29899, 8921, 310, 4432, 858, 9215, 15197, 315, 6146, 1182, 537, 29889, 4001, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29947, 29892, 540, 756, 6766, 408, 263, 7613, 4509, 310, 278, 4623, 951, 328, 10475, 7993, 322, 278, 16146, 293, 8831, 310, 278, 16834, 293, 15057, 8907, 29889, 13, 29928, 3864, 670, 6493, 29892, 6175, 24032, 354, 29891, 750, 5870, 886, 411, 319, 12182, 2241, 13925, 304, 14523, 7134, 322, 7014, 29889, 940, 884, 17785, 411, 1963, 29928, 8041, 322, 9132, 263, 9817, 18341, 301, 3322, 3031, 18220, 322, 263, 970, 29197, 29889, 7133, 670, 970, 29197, 29892, 6175, 24032, 354, 29891, 21309, 373, 825, 540, 5717, 376, 280, 328, 10475, 2982, 29908, 322, 19310, 3368, 278, 13500, 310, 1494, 263, 12187, 26001, 6368, 2948, 29892, 411, 278, 19310, 275, 373, 6314, 573, 26001, 3265, 1135, 5375, 26001, 29889, 13, 1184, 29888, 24032, 354, 29891, 322, 6175, 2452, 860, 316, 435, 549, 29882, 29892, 15944, 310, 278, 319, 12182, 2241, 29892, 3902, 4395, 278, 13331, 310, 8772, 5925, 9279, 373, 26001, 1546, 278, 29589, 322, 319, 12182, 2241, 29889, 910, 24771, 674, 1871, 322, 27391, 14040, 26001, 322, 4327, 1288, 1735, 297, 5381, 322, 12459, 3025, 278, 5802, 310, 716, 5925, 322, 716, 6368, 373, 278, 26001, 19753, 310, 15075, 475, 519, 1735, 297, 263, 5849, 3030, 29889, 450, 937, 4331, 674, 367, 304, 2894, 895, 385, 6121, 3564, 310, 1364, 324, 1503, 297, 26001, 29892, 3704, 263, 14002, 368, 29899, 8921, 287, 23399, 5925, 5650, 373, 278, 12368, 1546, 14040, 26001, 29892, 15075, 475, 3097, 29892, 322, 4327, 1288, 1735, 29889, 739, 338, 884, 5662, 4924, 287, 393, 263, 1963, 29928, 8368, 429, 29882, 927, 19607, 367, 8906, 29892, 988, 1609, 319, 12182, 2241, 322, 29589, 1963, 29928, 8041, 297, 26001, 11898, 674, 6493, 16698, 322, 3384, 3502, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 322, 8724, 29889, 13, 29915, 1576, 3014, 310, 349, 2267 ]

1,024

C4

1.337548

1.132312

0.497737

1.822435

Contract Hire Rental Finance Our Fleet Maintenance Compliance Driver Training Used Sales Dawsongroup Tractor Units Rigids Trailers Car Transporters Showcase HomeNewsJack Nickerson Reflects On His First Year With Dawsongroup Truck and Trailer and Looks Forward To A Successful Future Jack Nickerson reflects on his first year with Dawsongroup truck and trailer, and looks forward to a successful future After a year with Dawsongroup truck and trailer, Jack Nickerson looks back over his first 12 months and is both enthusiastic about his new role in 2021 and optimistic for his future long-term career. Twenty-six-year-old Jack joined us as an Area Sales Manager in November 2019 with responsibility for new sales opportunities and account management in the areas covered by our Norwich and Ipswich offices. He previously worked as a Branch Rental Manager at Enterprise Rent-a-car and had five years' experience in the car rental/leasing industry, dealing with both retail and business customers. Jack wanted to move from management into a sales role but confesses that he had very little experience of trucks or trailers! So, moving to Dawsongroup set him on a steep learning curve, in more ways than one. However, he joined us with a very good understanding of short and long-term asset leasing and his enthusiasm and flair for sales made up for this lack of sector experience. He quickly got his teeth into the challenges of his new job and the support of a fantastic truck and trailer team, both locally and across the company, made riding the learning curve much easier. Less than a year after joining us, Jack's role was extended to cover the whole of East Anglia through our Norwich, Peterborough and Ipswich offices. Again, his enthusiasm and dedication helped him rise to the challenges of his new job. He's already brought new customers into the business that hadn't previously dealt with us. Notable successes include a large raw pet food producer and a nationwide retailer, locally, where we are the main overflow provider during peak periods. Both these new customers were won over by the excellent service provided by Jack and his team. Rather than be a supplier who just provides bits of kit, Jack firmly believes in a partnership and consultative approach; understanding and delivering exactly what his customers need and helping them in any way he can. This is an approach we follow across the whole of Dawsongroup truck and trailer, and one that has enabled Jack to develop excellent and close working relationships with his customers, and deliver on what's promised. Aside from looking forward to enjoying football, fishing and playing pool at his usual high standard in 2021, Jack is optimistic about the work challenges ahead and is determined to carve out a successful career, commenting: "I'm really excited to be extending my role across the whole of East Anglia in 2021. I'm especially looking forward to meeting new customers and helping companies from a wide range of industries. "It'll be great working with a bigger team, focusing on our targets and extending the brand and understanding of Dawsongroup truck and trailer throughout my area." Get in touch today to see how we can help Click here to send us an enquiry Brands We Supply Please get in touch by using this form, emailing us on contactus@dawsongroup.co.uk or simply calling us to speak to one of our specialists today... 0800 032 9766 * I'm interested in: Contract Term 1 Year 2 Years 3 Years 4 Years 5 Years 6 Years 7 Years 8 Years 9 Years 10 Years * I agree to the Privacy Notices Dawsongroup Truck and Trailer Limited. Delaware Drive, Tongwell, Milton Keynes MK15 8JH Dawsongroup Truck and Trailer Limited is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority. Financial Conduct Authority Register number: 725515 E: contactus@dawsongroup.co.uk © Copyright Dawsongroup Company Registration No. 03080279 (England and Wales) This website uses cookies so that we can give the best possible browser experience and provide a better

[ 2866, 1461, 379, 533, 390, 13703, 4231, 749, 8680, 13859, 300, 4241, 841, 749, 3831, 13036, 26391, 26101, 501, 8485, 28389, 360, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 13, 29911, 28891, 28386, 390, 335, 4841, 3201, 22058, 1704, 4103, 1971, 2153, 7704, 4878, 13, 11184, 29328, 27006, 13853, 1330, 9897, 781, 29879, 1551, 3600, 3824, 8905, 2973, 360, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 323, 10857, 322, 3201, 3955, 322, 19887, 1152, 1328, 1763, 319, 21397, 1319, 16367, 13, 27006, 13853, 1330, 9432, 29879, 373, 670, 937, 1629, 411, 360, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 534, 2707, 322, 1020, 3955, 29892, 322, 3430, 6375, 304, 263, 9150, 5434, 13, 13555, 263, 1629, 411, 360, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 534, 2707, 322, 1020, 3955, 29892, 5457, 13853, 1330, 3430, 1250, 975, 670, 937, 29871, 29896, 29906, 7378, 322, 338, 1716, 23644, 29875, 6288, 1048, 670, 716, 6297, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 322, 5994, 4695, 363, 670, 5434, 1472, 29899, 8489, 6413, 29889, 13, 27418, 6478, 29899, 28319, 29899, 6360, 29899, 1025, 5457, 8772, 502, 408, 385, 18320, 28389, 15629, 297, 3979, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29929, 411, 23134, 363, 716, 16538, 28602, 1907, 322, 3633, 10643, 297, 278, 10161, 10664, 491, 1749, 4186, 16416, 322, 306, 567, 16416, 25222, 29889, 13, 3868, 9251, 3796, 408, 263, 25889, 390, 13703, 15629, 472, 9041, 7734, 390, 296, 29899, 29874, 29899, 4287, 322, 750, 5320, 2440, 29915, 7271, 297, 278, 1559, 364, 13703, 29914, 280, 5832, 13661, 29892, 16743, 411, 1716, 3240, 737, 322, 5381, 20330, 29889, 13, 27006, 5131, 304, 4337, 515, 10643, 964, 263, 16538, 6297, 541, 1970, 15322, 393, 540, 750, 1407, 2217, 7271, 310, 534, 2707, 29879, 470, 1020, 22058, 29991, 1105, 29892, 8401, 304, 360, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 731, 1075, 373, 263, 1886, 1022, 6509, 11672, 29892, 297, 901, 5837, 1135, 697, 29889, 13, 17245, 29892, 540, 8772, 502, 411, 263, 1407, 1781, 8004, 310, 3273, 322, 1472, 29899, 8489, 24342, 454, 5832, 322, 670, 23644, 3173, 29885, 322, 17422, 381, 363, 16538, 1754, 701, 363, 445, 10225, 310, 17535, 7271, 29889, 13, 3868, 9098, 2355, 670, 25287, 964, 278, 18066, 267, 310, 670, 716, 4982, 322, 278, 2304, 310, 263, 13568, 6288, 534, 2707, 322, 1020, 3955, 3815, 29892, 1716, 12430, 322, 4822, 278, 5001, 29892, 1754, 364, 4821, 278, 6509, 11672, 1568, 6775, 29889, 13, 29931, 404, 1135, 263, 1629, 1156, 22960, 502, 29892, 5457, 29915, 29879, 6297, 471, 10410, 304, 4612, 278, 3353, 310, 6932, 3218, 4456, 1549, 1749, 4186, 16416, 29892, 5310, 22187, 322, 306, 567, 16416, 25222, 29889, 13, 14769, 475, 29892, 670, 23644, 3173, 29885, 322, 8856, 362, 9213, 1075, 14451, 304, 278, 18066, 267, 310, 670, 716, 4982, 29889, 940, 29915, 29879, 2307, 6296, 716, 20330, 964, 278, 5381, 393, 27222, 29915, 29873, 9251, 316, 1997, 411, 502, 29889, 24844, 2551, 267, 3160, 263, 2919, 10650, 5697, 9687, 14297, 322, 263, 5233, 8157, 3240, 737, 261, 29892, 12430, 29892, 988, 591, 526, 278, 1667, 11969, 13113, 2645, 19224, 23704, 29889, 13, 29933, 720, 1438, 716, 20330, 892, 2113, 975, 491, 278, 15129, 2669, 4944, 491, 5457, 322, 670, 3815, 29889, 390, 1624, 1135, 367, 263, 1462, 4926, 1058, 925, 8128, 9978, 310, 413, 277, 29892, 5457, 9226, 368, 1339, 17180, 297, 263, 22056, 4034, 322, 8799, 1230, 2948, 29936, 8004, 322, 12021, 292, 3721, 825, 670, 20330, 817, 322, 19912, 963, 297, 738, 982, 540, 508, 29889, 13, 4013, 338, 385, 2948, 591, 1101, 4822, 278, 3353, 310, 360, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 534, 2707, 322, 1020, 3955, 29892, 322, 697, 393, 756, 9615, 5457, 304, 2693, 15129, 322, 3802, 1985, 21702, 411, 670, 20330, 29892, 322, 12021, 373, 825, 29915, 29879, 22399, 29889, 13, 2887, 680, 515, 3063, 6375, 304, 11418, 5414, 5733, 29892, 9427, 292, 322, 8743, 11565, 472, 670, 9670, 1880, 3918, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29892, 5457, 338, 5994, 4695, 1048, 278, 664, 18066, 267, 14432, 322, 338, 10087, 304, 1559, 345, 714, 263, 9150, 6413, 29892, 3440, 292, 29901, 376, 29902, 29915, 29885, 2289, 24173, 304, 367, 23771, 590, 6297, 4822, 278, 3353, 310, 6932, 3218, 4456, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 306, 29915, 29885, 7148, 3063, 6375, 304, 11781, 716, 20330, 322, 19912, 14582, 515, 263, 9377, 3464, 310, 6397, 2722, 29889, 13, 29908, 3112, 29915, 645, 367, 2107, 1985, 411, 263, 16600, 3815, 29892, 12789, 4746, 373, 1749, 22525, 322, 23771, 278, 14982, 322, 8004, 310, 360, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 534, 2707, 322, 1020, 3955, 10106, 590, 4038, 1213, 13, 2577, 297, 6023, 9826, 304, 1074, 920, 591, 508, 1371, 13, 4164, 1244, 304, 3638, 502, 385, 22085, 16129, 13, 12432, 4167, 1334, 9179, 368, 13, 12148, 679, 297, 6023, 491, 773, 445, 883, 29892, 4876, 292, 502, 373, 6958, 375, 29992, 1388, 5652, 549, 29878, 1132, 29889, 1111, 29889, 2679, 470, 3763, 5432, 502, 304, 7726, 304, 697, 310, 1749, 4266, 2879, 9826, 856, 29871, 29900, 29947, 29900, 29900, 29871, 29900, 29941, 29906, 29871, 29929, 29955, 29953, 29953, 13, 29930, 306, 29915, 29885, 8852, 297, 29901, 13, 21263, 11814, 29871, 29896, 8905, 29871, 29906, 23857, 29871, 29941, 23857, 29871, 29946, 23857, 29871, 29945, 23857, 29871, 29953, 23857, 29871, 29955, 23857, 29871, 29947, 23857, 29871, 29929, 23857, 29871, 29896, 29900, 23857, 13, 29930, 306, 8661, 304, 278, 18936, 4135, 16709, 13, 29928, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 323, 10857, 322, 3201, 3955, 28873, 29889, 13, 13157, 28327, 22850, 29892, 323, 549, 5872, 29892, 13, 29316, 880, 4813, 948, 267, 341, 29968, 29896, 29945, 29871, 29947, 29967, 29950, 13, 29928, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 323, 10857, 322, 3201, 3955, 28873, 338, 4148, 3368, 322, 1072, 7964, 491, 278, 4231, 273, 1455, 1281, 2199, 13361, 537, 29889, 13, 12881, 273, 1455, 1281, 2199, 13361, 537, 12577, 1353, 29901, 29871, 29955, 29906, 29945, 29945, 29896, 29945, 13, 29923, 29901, 6958, 375, 29992, 1388, 5652, 549, 29878, 1132, 29889, 1111, 29889, 2679, 13, 30211, 14187, 1266, 360, 10467, 549, 29878, 1132, 13, 21410, 2169, 8306, 1939, 29889, 29871, 29900, 29941, 29900, 29947, 29900, 29906, 29955, 29929, 313, 8100, 1049, 322, 13706, 29897, 13, 4013, 4700, 3913, 21046, 577, 393, 591, 508, 2367, 278, 1900, 1950, 4714, 7271, 322, 3867, 263, 2253 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.091425

-1.421729

-1.07492

-0.553636

Famous People in Basel, Switzerland Posted on August 13, 2021 August 17, 2021 by payhelpcenter Lucius Munatius Plancus (87 BC to 15 AD) Lucius Munatius Plancus was a Roman general, consul and is considered one of the legendary founders of Basel. He served, among other things, under Gaius Iulius Caesars as a legate in the Gallic War. After Caesar's assassination, he later sided with the future emperor Augustus. Karl Barth (1886 – 1968) Protestant Reformed theologian from Switzerland according to pharmacylib; In his honor, St. Alban-Ring Platz was renamed Karl Barth Platz at the beginning of the 1970s; Barth died in his native Basel in 1968 Jakob I. Bernoulli (1655 – August 16, 1705) Swiss mathematician and physicist who, among other things, contributed significantly to the development of probability theory. He also wrote the Bernoulli equations for the relationship between static, dynamic and total pressure. He died in 1705 in his native Basel Jacob Christoph Burckhardt (1818 – 1897) important Swiss humanist and cultural historian; In 1897 he died in his native Basel Erasmus (Desiderius) of Rotterdam (1466 – 1536) One of the most important humanists of his time; he died in Basel in 1536, where the Erasmusplatz and the Erasmushaus were named after him Roger Federer (born 1981 in Basel) Federer is considered the best tennis player of all time. By July 2009 he won a total of 15 Grand Slam tournaments including the Wimledon tournament six times. In 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 he was voted World Sportsman of the Year. Burkhard von Fenis (around 1040-1107) Burgundian nobleman and Bishop of Basel (1072-1107) Johann Froben (around 1460 – 1527) important printer and publisher of the city who died in Basel in 1527 Karl Theodor Jaspers (1883 – 1969) important German psychiatrist and philosopher; took Swiss citizenship in 1967 and died in Basel in 1969 Carl Gustav Jung (1875 – 1961) founder of analytical psychology; attended the Gymnaiusm on Münsterplatz in Basel and studied medicine in Basel from 1895 Marthe Keller (born 1945) Swiss actress from Basel; she played in Der Marathon-Mann (1976), in theater and TV productions, among others; since 1999 she has directed several operas Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (1844 – 1900) one of the most important German philosophers; he also distinguished himself as a classical philologist; Nietzsche had taught the upper classes at the grammar school on Münsterplatz in Basel and at the University of Basel Johannes Oekolampad (1482 – 1531) Swiss theologian and humanist; he was the reformer of Basel Paracelsus (1493 – 1541) Paracelsus, who was actually born as Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim, worked as a city doctor in Basel from 1527 to 1528. He is considered one of the most important physicians of his time Karl Schefold ( 1905-1999 ) archaeologist from Basel Basel: excursions in the area Corbusier Church in Ronchamp The pilgrimage chapel Notre-Dame du Haut is one of the most important works of the Swiss architect Le Corbusier. He built the church in the 1950s on the site of the previous building that was

[ 27458, 681, 11647, 297, 4886, 295, 29892, 28806, 13, 6747, 287, 373, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 491, 5146, 8477, 5064, 13, 24126, 16102, 13564, 2219, 375, 1858, 4564, 375, 313, 29947, 29955, 17403, 304, 29871, 29896, 29945, 11033, 29897, 13, 24126, 16102, 13564, 2219, 375, 1858, 4564, 375, 471, 263, 5917, 2498, 29892, 1136, 352, 322, 338, 5545, 697, 310, 278, 15983, 653, 1476, 414, 310, 4886, 295, 29889, 940, 6766, 29892, 4249, 916, 2712, 29892, 1090, 402, 1794, 375, 306, 352, 2482, 9243, 267, 1503, 408, 263, 2814, 403, 297, 278, 8130, 293, 3362, 29889, 2860, 9243, 26892, 29915, 29879, 20105, 3381, 29892, 540, 2678, 269, 2618, 411, 278, 5434, 953, 13651, 3111, 375, 29889, 13, 24115, 29880, 2261, 386, 313, 29896, 29947, 29947, 29953, 785, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29947, 29897, 13, 1184, 1688, 424, 830, 15628, 278, 1189, 713, 515, 28806, 5034, 304, 1374, 2817, 4135, 1982, 29936, 512, 670, 10657, 29892, 624, 29889, 21805, 29899, 29934, 292, 11141, 471, 19533, 8425, 2261, 386, 11141, 472, 278, 6763, 310, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29900, 29879, 29936, 2261, 386, 6423, 297, 670, 7531, 4886, 295, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29947, 13, 29967, 557, 711, 306, 29889, 6209, 5059, 492, 313, 29896, 29953, 29945, 29945, 785, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29955, 29900, 29945, 29897, 13, 10840, 790, 5844, 19217, 713, 322, 4824, 293, 391, 1058, 29892, 4249, 916, 2712, 29892, 26869, 16951, 304, 278, 5849, 310, 6976, 6368, 29889, 940, 884, 5456, 278, 6209, 5059, 492, 10693, 363, 278, 9443, 1546, 2294, 29892, 7343, 322, 3001, 12959, 29889, 940, 6423, 297, 29871, 29896, 29955, 29900, 29945, 297, 670, 7531, 4886, 295, 13, 24288, 711, 28840, 6640, 384, 25603, 313, 29896, 29947, 29896, 29947, 785, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29929, 29955, 29897, 13, 17001, 26182, 5199, 391, 322, 16375, 27629, 29936, 512, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29929, 29955, 540, 6423, 297, 670, 7531, 4886, 295, 13, 2110, 294, 8366, 313, 4002, 1241, 2482, 29897, 310, 9664, 357, 16846, 313, 29896, 29946, 29953, 29953, 785, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29941, 29953, 29897, 13, 6716, 310, 278, 1556, 4100, 5199, 2879, 310, 670, 931, 29936, 540, 6423, 297, 4886, 295, 297, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29941, 29953, 29892, 988, 278, 1425, 294, 8366, 16739, 322, 278, 1425, 11625, 1878, 1485, 892, 4257, 1156, 1075, 13, 29934, 468, 261, 7351, 261, 313, 4939, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29896, 297, 4886, 295, 29897, 13, 29943, 2447, 261, 338, 5545, 278, 1900, 22556, 4847, 310, 599, 931, 29889, 2648, 5468, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29929, 540, 2113, 263, 3001, 310, 29871, 29896, 29945, 6265, 317, 5288, 14743, 29879, 3704, 278, 399, 326, 839, 265, 14743, 4832, 3064, 29889, 512, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29955, 322, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29947, 540, 471, 24854, 2787, 12453, 1171, 310, 278, 8905, 29889, 13, 29933, 29641, 6800, 1005, 383, 16900, 313, 11316, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29946, 29900, 29899, 29896, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29897, 13, 29933, 2007, 870, 713, 694, 1031, 273, 322, 16880, 310, 4886, 295, 313, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29906, 29899, 29896, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29897, 13, 29967, 1148, 812, 25022, 1785, 313, 11316, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29953, 29900, 785, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29906, 29955, 29897, 13, 17001, 23028, 322, 9805, 261, 310, 278, 4272, 1058, 6423, 297, 4886, 295, 297, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29906, 29955, 13, 24115, 29880, 450, 17606, 435, 4692, 414, 313, 29896, 29947, 29947, 29941, 785, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29929, 29897, 13, 17001, 5332, 11643, 7163, 2021, 322, 8578, 359, 13434, 29936, 3614, 26182, 18363, 4034, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29955, 322, 6423, 297, 4886, 295, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29929, 13, 8179, 29880, 18305, 20260, 313, 29896, 29947, 29955, 29945, 785, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29896, 29897, 13, 11940, 261, 310, 16114, 936, 11643, 3002, 29936, 14283, 278, 402, 962, 1056, 2482, 29885, 373, 7957, 2475, 16739, 297, 4886, 295, 322, 12399, 26602, 297, 4886, 295, 515, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29929, 29945, 13, 15838, 354, 476, 4539, 313, 4939, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29945, 29897, 13, 10840, 790, 20993, 515, 4886, 295, 29936, 1183, 5318, 297, 2452, 1085, 25206, 29899, 29924, 812, 313, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29953, 511, 297, 278, 1008, 322, 5648, 1391, 1953, 29892, 4249, 4045, 29936, 1951, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29929, 1183, 756, 10624, 3196, 1751, 294, 13, 29943, 1255, 4018, 10756, 405, 2035, 29920, 5955, 313, 29896, 29947, 29946, 29946, 785, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29900, 29900, 29897, 13, 650, 310, 278, 1556, 4100, 5332, 11847, 414, 29936, 540, 884, 20660, 3654, 408, 263, 14499, 8578, 19915, 29936, 405, 2035, 29920, 5955, 750, 16187, 278, 7568, 4413, 472, 278, 25437, 3762, 373, 7957, 2475, 16739, 297, 4886, 295, 322, 472, 278, 3014, 310, 4886, 295, 13, 29967, 1148, 22393, 438, 1416, 324, 1160, 328, 313, 29896, 29946, 29947, 29906, 785, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29941, 29896, 29897, 13, 10840, 790, 278, 1189, 713, 322, 5199, 391, 29936, 540, 471, 278, 11736, 261, 310, 4886, 295, 13, 2177, 562, 1379, 375, 313, 29896, 29946, 29929, 29941, 785, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29946, 29896, 29897, 13, 2177, 562, 1379, 375, 29892, 1058, 471, 2869, 6345, 408, 12325, 375, 319, 545, 324, 375, 450, 459, 1092, 579, 375, 24347, 579, 375, 1005, 379, 14899, 6391, 29892, 3796, 408, 263, 4272, 11619, 297, 4886, 295, 515, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29906, 29955, 304, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29906, 29947, 29889, 940, 338, 5545, 697, 310, 278, 1556, 4100, 4824, 14722, 310, 670, 931, 13, 24115, 29880, 1102, 1389, 1025, 313, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29900, 29945, 29899, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29929, 1723, 13, 1279, 3660, 19915, 515, 4886, 295, 13, 9496, 295, 29901, 5566, 1295, 1080, 297, 278, 4038, 13, 12521, 8262, 631, 6291, 297, 11546, 305, 1160, 13, 1576, 8230, 629, 3027, 10708, 295, 24337, 29899, 29928, 420, 868, 24838, 338, 697, 310, 278, 1556, 4100, 1736, 310, 278, 26182, 6956, 951, 2994, 8262, 631, 29889, 13, 3868, 4240, 278, 6586, 297, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29945, 29900, 29879, 373, 278, 3268, 310, 278, 3517, 5214, 393, 471 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.11971

-0.279191

1.48939

-0.109665

Very interesting. Competition is a very good thing. It's rare for me to use more than 500MB of mobile data in a month, but the prospect of watching video while on the bus is tempting. The tethering limitation is a deal breaker for me though. While it's even rarer for me to tether something to my phone than it is to use more than 500MB of mobile data in a month, I can't justify making the jump (or 100% price increase compared to my current plan) with this limitation. If tethered data after 22GB were limited to 256k/256k or similar, I'd probably jump onto this plan. Look, I totally understand that they don't want people using gigs and gigs of data via tethering as there would be people that would abuse it (like using it for a home internet connection). But I would be happy pay their $5.99 for data share to a tablet and another $5 a month for up to 1 gig of hotspot/tethering. At the moment I am on a 7.5 gig data share account for $85 dollars. I also get 2 bonus gigs of data taking it up to 9.5gigs for $85. I never use that much, most i would have used is 4 or 5gigs but i like knowing that the data is there just in case. Now for $55 I can get 10gigs of rollover data and still share the data with my ipad for free on 2degrees and also can tether. Sure i miss the "free" spotify and cheap movie tickets (which is going at the end of this month anyway) but I also pay google $10 a month for youtube red with free play music. michaelmurfy: Skinny Direct also cut their unlimited plan to $79/mo. People will however complain about the little things still. Hotspot is not a little thing, its an important part of using a mobile for many people. It's also a killer deal for me. Interestingly I was discussing this with Jason Paris on Twitter and he clearly doesn't see it as an issue. Apparently the trial customers for the product had some tethering data. The irony is, my data usage tethering is likely less than untethered - it would mean I am using RDP to do work, which uses a tiny amount of data compared to watching an HD movie or even listening to Spotify. How do they technically restrict tethering ability? Yes also typically use tethering for RDP/Citrix type access. As mentioned, not sure that's really been considered. Spark advised a commitment to delivering a 'good experience' for those who use more than 22GB of data. So I would imagine you can still stream video etc but you might not see 20mbps speeds. My personal preference would be for Spark to officially include a tethering bundle like what Three UK do. I'd pick that could happen in the future - maybe that's what 2degrees bring to the table? I don't know if there's anything in a TCP packet other than the port number that would allow them to know it's data for a tethered device anyway. If based on port number then I guess they could look at ports that are not typically used by mobile devices... seems like a pretty bad way and people definitely use RDP from mobile devices. From their web site it looks like they might just guess on the basis of data volume. So tethering isn't actually disabled? I've been on plans with local US carriers on my iPhone where personal hotspot simply disappears. So Apple clearly gives a carrier the ability to turn it off. Have Spark done this? I think they can do that with locked in APNs. Enable developer mode (Go to Settings -> About phone, and click on the build number until the developer mode is enabled). The way this works is that usually tethering adds a step to the TTL of packets over the hotspot and the ISP can detect this. By changing this settings it makes traffic over the hotspot have the same TTL as from your phone so the ISP see's traffic as coming from the phone. I did this when I lived in the UK on Three which had unlimited data and only 15GB a month for tethering and tethered ~200GB a month (Three said I tethered 0GB on their portal

[ 18064, 8031, 29889, 24620, 654, 338, 263, 1407, 1781, 2655, 29889, 13, 3112, 29915, 29879, 10812, 363, 592, 304, 671, 901, 1135, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29900, 9486, 310, 10426, 848, 297, 263, 4098, 29892, 541, 278, 27289, 310, 21217, 4863, 1550, 373, 278, 3593, 338, 25782, 292, 29889, 13, 1576, 260, 1979, 292, 29485, 338, 263, 5376, 2867, 261, 363, 592, 2466, 29889, 5806, 372, 29915, 29879, 1584, 364, 279, 261, 363, 592, 304, 260, 1979, 1554, 304, 590, 9008, 1135, 372, 338, 304, 671, 901, 1135, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29900, 9486, 310, 10426, 848, 297, 263, 4098, 29892, 306, 508, 29915, 29873, 26922, 3907, 278, 12500, 313, 272, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 29995, 8666, 7910, 9401, 304, 590, 1857, 3814, 29897, 411, 445, 29485, 29889, 13, 3644, 260, 1979, 287, 848, 1156, 29871, 29906, 29906, 7210, 892, 9078, 304, 29871, 29906, 29945, 29953, 29895, 29914, 29906, 29945, 29953, 29895, 470, 2788, 29892, 306, 29915, 29881, 3117, 12500, 11480, 445, 3814, 29889, 13, 14959, 29892, 306, 14909, 2274, 393, 896, 1016, 29915, 29873, 864, 2305, 773, 19340, 29879, 322, 19340, 29879, 310, 848, 3025, 260, 1979, 292, 408, 727, 723, 367, 2305, 393, 723, 633, 1509, 372, 313, 4561, 773, 372, 363, 263, 3271, 8986, 3957, 467, 1205, 306, 723, 367, 9796, 5146, 1009, 395, 29945, 29889, 29929, 29929, 363, 848, 6232, 304, 263, 1591, 29873, 322, 1790, 395, 29945, 263, 4098, 363, 701, 304, 29871, 29896, 19340, 310, 7375, 17500, 29914, 29873, 1979, 292, 29889, 13, 4178, 278, 3256, 306, 626, 373, 263, 29871, 29955, 29889, 29945, 19340, 848, 6232, 3633, 363, 395, 29947, 29945, 17208, 29889, 306, 884, 679, 29871, 29906, 28920, 19340, 29879, 310, 848, 5622, 372, 701, 304, 29871, 29929, 29889, 29945, 29887, 23379, 363, 395, 29947, 29945, 29889, 306, 2360, 671, 393, 1568, 29892, 1556, 474, 723, 505, 1304, 338, 29871, 29946, 470, 29871, 29945, 29887, 23379, 541, 474, 763, 13797, 393, 278, 848, 338, 727, 925, 297, 1206, 29889, 13, 10454, 363, 395, 29945, 29945, 306, 508, 679, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29887, 23379, 310, 14467, 417, 369, 848, 322, 1603, 6232, 278, 848, 411, 590, 474, 8305, 363, 3889, 373, 29871, 29906, 311, 7979, 267, 322, 884, 508, 260, 1979, 29889, 18585, 474, 3052, 278, 376, 9021, 29908, 9758, 1598, 322, 28773, 14064, 16892, 1691, 313, 4716, 338, 2675, 472, 278, 1095, 310, 445, 4098, 8763, 29897, 541, 306, 884, 5146, 5386, 395, 29896, 29900, 263, 4098, 363, 366, 29873, 4003, 2654, 411, 3889, 1708, 4696, 29889, 13, 29885, 436, 4271, 29885, 332, 29888, 29891, 29901, 4971, 262, 1460, 8797, 884, 5700, 1009, 443, 29044, 3814, 304, 395, 29955, 29929, 29914, 4346, 29889, 11647, 674, 3138, 752, 7420, 1048, 278, 2217, 2712, 1603, 29889, 13, 28917, 17500, 338, 451, 263, 2217, 2655, 29892, 967, 385, 4100, 760, 310, 773, 263, 10426, 363, 1784, 2305, 29889, 13, 3112, 29915, 29879, 884, 263, 413, 5495, 5376, 363, 592, 29889, 23829, 11687, 306, 471, 5353, 292, 445, 411, 21776, 3681, 373, 20147, 322, 540, 9436, 1838, 29915, 29873, 1074, 372, 408, 385, 2228, 29889, 13, 2052, 279, 2705, 278, 14260, 20330, 363, 278, 3234, 750, 777, 260, 1979, 292, 848, 29889, 13, 1576, 3805, 2592, 338, 29892, 590, 848, 8744, 260, 1979, 292, 338, 5517, 3109, 1135, 443, 29873, 1979, 287, 448, 372, 723, 2099, 306, 626, 773, 390, 11191, 304, 437, 664, 29892, 607, 3913, 263, 21577, 5253, 310, 848, 9401, 304, 21217, 385, 18435, 14064, 470, 1584, 19866, 304, 1706, 327, 1598, 29889, 13, 5328, 437, 896, 5722, 1711, 9250, 260, 1979, 292, 11509, 29973, 13, 8241, 884, 12234, 671, 260, 1979, 292, 363, 390, 11191, 29914, 29907, 277, 2126, 1134, 2130, 29889, 1094, 5276, 29892, 451, 1854, 393, 29915, 29879, 2289, 1063, 5545, 29889, 13, 29903, 6378, 594, 11292, 263, 9063, 358, 304, 12021, 292, 263, 525, 16773, 7271, 29915, 363, 1906, 1058, 671, 901, 1135, 29871, 29906, 29906, 7210, 310, 848, 29889, 1105, 306, 723, 14034, 366, 508, 1603, 4840, 4863, 2992, 541, 366, 1795, 451, 1074, 29871, 29906, 29900, 8337, 567, 961, 5779, 29889, 13, 3421, 7333, 24583, 723, 367, 363, 20814, 304, 22444, 3160, 263, 260, 1979, 292, 11846, 763, 825, 12753, 10261, 437, 29889, 306, 29915, 29881, 5839, 393, 1033, 3799, 297, 278, 5434, 448, 5505, 393, 29915, 29879, 825, 29871, 29906, 311, 7979, 267, 6963, 304, 278, 1591, 29973, 13, 29902, 1016, 29915, 29873, 1073, 565, 727, 29915, 29879, 3099, 297, 263, 19374, 18203, 916, 1135, 278, 2011, 1353, 393, 723, 2758, 963, 304, 1073, 372, 29915, 29879, 848, 363, 263, 260, 1979, 287, 4742, 8763, 29889, 960, 2729, 373, 2011, 1353, 769, 306, 4140, 896, 1033, 1106, 472, 16169, 393, 526, 451, 12234, 1304, 491, 10426, 9224, 856, 2444, 763, 263, 5051, 4319, 982, 322, 2305, 11630, 671, 390, 11191, 515, 10426, 9224, 29889, 3645, 1009, 1856, 3268, 372, 3430, 763, 896, 1795, 925, 4140, 373, 278, 8405, 310, 848, 7977, 29889, 13, 6295, 260, 1979, 292, 3508, 29915, 29873, 2869, 12708, 29973, 306, 29915, 345, 1063, 373, 13900, 411, 1887, 3148, 19638, 414, 373, 590, 18483, 988, 7333, 7375, 17500, 3763, 8796, 15451, 29889, 1105, 12113, 9436, 4076, 263, 1559, 4336, 278, 11509, 304, 2507, 372, 1283, 29889, 6975, 20814, 2309, 445, 29973, 13, 29902, 1348, 896, 508, 437, 393, 411, 22822, 297, 12279, 29940, 29879, 29889, 13, 20701, 13897, 4464, 313, 8120, 304, 19215, 1599, 13611, 9008, 29892, 322, 2828, 373, 278, 2048, 1353, 2745, 278, 13897, 4464, 338, 9615, 467, 13, 1576, 982, 445, 1736, 338, 393, 5491, 260, 1979, 292, 12778, 263, 4331, 304, 278, 323, 14632, 310, 23912, 975, 278, 7375, 17500, 322, 278, 306, 5550, 508, 6459, 445, 29889, 2648, 6480, 445, 6055, 372, 3732, 12469, 975, 278, 7375, 17500, 505, 278, 1021, 323, 14632, 408, 515, 596, 9008, 577, 278, 306, 5550, 1074, 29915, 29879, 12469, 408, 6421, 515, 278, 9008, 29889, 13, 29902, 1258, 445, 746, 306, 10600, 297, 278, 10261, 373, 12753, 607, 750, 443, 29044, 848, 322, 871, 29871, 29896, 29945, 7210, 263, 4098, 363, 260, 1979, 292, 322, 260, 1979, 287, 3695, 29906, 29900, 29900, 7210, 263, 4098, 313, 28575, 1497, 306, 260, 1979, 287, 29871, 29900, 7210, 373, 1009, 25792 ]

1,024

C4

-0.75459

-0.887041

-0.762226

-0.737043

South Africa: Global and Historical Lessons On How Land Reforms Have Unfolded The Conversation (Johannesburg) analysis By Ben Cousins What can South Africa learn about land reforms from wider global and historical experiences in the 20th century? Most land reforms have involved transferring rights of ownership from wealthy landlords to poor, small-scale farmers working the land under various kinds of tenancy arrangements. These are often described as "land to the tiller" reforms. Much less common are redistributive reforms that resettle small farmers on large estates subdivided into smaller plots. Southern Africa, the Africa of "settler states", is something of an outlier in this respect. Changes in the distribution, character and legal status of rights to land and natural resources, as well as in the class character and productivity of the agrarian economy, have powerfully shaped the modern world. Land reform has played a central role in the transition from pre-capitalist forms of economy to capitalism. Before capitalism, classes of unproductive landed property dominated the countryside. Reform and revolution Two revolutionary convulsions, in Mexico in 1910 and in Russia in 1917, saw peasants play key roles in the overthrow of autocratic states. They were replaced by popular democracy in Mexico and socialism in Russia. In both cases the mass of the population was engaged in small-scale peasant farming. Power and wealth in the countryside were concentrated in the hands of a small landowning elite. Radical redistributive land reforms were driven "from below" and large areas of land were transferred to the rural poor. Subsequent developments in Mexico, however, saw the takeover of the agrarian economy by large-scale capital. The fate of the Russian peasantry was even more tragic. After the second world war, pressures for decolonisation and national liberation increased dramatically. European colonial powers had to give up their direct control of large areas of the world. Tensions between the capitalist West and the communist bloc led by the Soviet Union heightened - the Cold War period. In the former colonies, most people were still engaged in small-scale farming. Land reform featured strongly in many national liberation struggles, described by the anthropologist Eric Wolf as "peasant wars". It also formed a focus of post-independence policy. In most cases these were "land to the tiller"-type reforms. Large estates in Vietnam, Algeria and Cuba were collectivised by socialist governments. In China, land reform initially involved "land to the tiller". Collectivisation followed, and from 1978, in the Household Responsibility System, land ownership remained with the collective. Currently, of course, China is encouraging capitalist farming. In Japan, South Korea and Taiwan, agrarian reform helped to consolidate capitalism. It underwrote rapid industrialisation, with reforms driven from above by authoritarian states, backed by occupying United States forces. This was designed to pre-empt a turn to communism. Powerful landlords were expropriated and their land redistributed to tenants. Technological innovation raised productivity. But the capitalists ended up appropriating the agricultural surplus. This process was made possible by administered prices, taxation and supplies of cheap rural labour to emerging industries. The 1980s saw something of a hiatus. The "developmental state" gave way to neoliberal, market-oriented reforms. But in a few countries openings were created for radical reform. These included Nicaragua, El Salvador, Honduras, the Philippines and Zimbabwe. In the 1990s, large-scale peasant mobilisations took place in Indonesia and Honduras. From 1990, after the collapse of Soviet-style communism, the US and the World Bank promoted a "new wave" of land reform. This was a way to consolidate capitalist property relations. In southern Africa, for example, where redistributive land reform was necessary because of historical legacies, the advocates of "new wave" reform sought to avoid expropriation. They argued instead for policies based on "willing sellers and willing buyers". This influenced negotiated transitions and land reform policies in Zimbabwe, Namibia and South Africa. Since the 1980s and the rise of neoliberalism, many developing countries have strongly promoted large

[ 4275, 10557, 29901, 12002, 322, 20315, 27898, 787, 1551, 1128, 3172, 830, 9514, 6975, 853, 8771, 287, 13, 1576, 1281, 874, 362, 313, 29967, 1148, 22393, 3074, 29897, 13, 15916, 2648, 4111, 315, 681, 1144, 13, 5618, 508, 4275, 10557, 5110, 1048, 2982, 337, 9514, 515, 25734, 5534, 322, 15839, 27482, 297, 278, 29871, 29906, 29900, 386, 6462, 29973, 7849, 2982, 337, 9514, 505, 9701, 6782, 5393, 10462, 310, 27428, 515, 17173, 29891, 2982, 29880, 4339, 304, 6460, 29892, 2319, 29899, 7052, 2215, 13269, 1985, 278, 2982, 1090, 5164, 17690, 310, 3006, 6906, 15196, 4110, 29889, 4525, 526, 4049, 5439, 408, 376, 1049, 304, 278, 3428, 261, 29908, 337, 9514, 29889, 13, 29924, 987, 3109, 3619, 526, 2654, 391, 1091, 11067, 337, 9514, 393, 620, 1803, 280, 2319, 2215, 13269, 373, 2919, 707, 1078, 1014, 4563, 2618, 964, 7968, 24580, 29889, 14234, 10557, 29892, 278, 10557, 310, 376, 9915, 1358, 5922, 613, 338, 1554, 310, 385, 714, 4926, 297, 445, 3390, 29889, 13, 21459, 297, 278, 4978, 29892, 2931, 322, 11706, 4660, 310, 10462, 304, 2982, 322, 5613, 7788, 29892, 408, 1532, 408, 297, 278, 770, 2931, 322, 3234, 2068, 310, 278, 9221, 13956, 26504, 29892, 505, 3081, 3730, 528, 10501, 278, 5400, 3186, 29889, 3172, 11736, 756, 5318, 263, 6555, 6297, 297, 278, 9558, 515, 758, 29899, 5030, 2410, 391, 7190, 310, 26504, 304, 7483, 1608, 29889, 10949, 7483, 1608, 29892, 4413, 310, 443, 4704, 573, 2982, 287, 2875, 8022, 630, 278, 2613, 509, 952, 680, 29889, 13, 1123, 689, 322, 19479, 13, 13985, 19479, 653, 7602, 7273, 1080, 29892, 297, 12568, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29896, 29900, 322, 297, 12710, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29896, 29955, 29892, 4446, 1236, 294, 1934, 1708, 1820, 16178, 297, 278, 975, 20539, 310, 1120, 8415, 2454, 5922, 29889, 2688, 892, 8611, 491, 5972, 1261, 25804, 297, 12568, 322, 5264, 1608, 297, 12710, 29889, 512, 1716, 4251, 278, 4158, 310, 278, 4665, 471, 17785, 297, 2319, 29899, 7052, 1236, 13186, 2215, 4056, 29889, 13, 21472, 322, 17173, 297, 278, 2613, 509, 952, 680, 892, 14953, 630, 297, 278, 6567, 310, 263, 2319, 2982, 776, 292, 560, 568, 29889, 4957, 936, 2654, 391, 1091, 11067, 2982, 337, 9514, 892, 18225, 376, 3166, 2400, 29908, 322, 2919, 10161, 310, 2982, 892, 18440, 304, 278, 17692, 6460, 29889, 3323, 6831, 296, 2693, 1860, 297, 12568, 29892, 3138, 29892, 4446, 278, 2125, 957, 310, 278, 9221, 13956, 26504, 491, 2919, 29899, 7052, 7483, 29889, 450, 23779, 310, 278, 10637, 1236, 13186, 719, 471, 1584, 901, 25305, 293, 29889, 13, 13555, 278, 1473, 3186, 1370, 29892, 3965, 1973, 363, 316, 17308, 4371, 322, 4797, 7866, 362, 11664, 8541, 19574, 29889, 7824, 25539, 10801, 750, 304, 2367, 701, 1009, 1513, 2761, 310, 2919, 10161, 310, 278, 3186, 29889, 323, 5580, 1546, 278, 7483, 391, 3122, 322, 278, 3817, 391, 289, 2029, 5331, 491, 278, 15308, 7761, 3171, 6419, 448, 278, 26731, 3362, 3785, 29889, 13, 797, 278, 4642, 8104, 583, 29892, 1556, 2305, 892, 1603, 17785, 297, 2319, 29899, 7052, 2215, 4056, 29889, 3172, 11736, 15000, 13818, 297, 1784, 4797, 7866, 362, 10205, 793, 29892, 5439, 491, 278, 24612, 1336, 19915, 14713, 10441, 408, 376, 412, 13186, 29129, 1642, 739, 884, 8429, 263, 8569, 310, 1400, 29899, 262, 2716, 355, 663, 8898, 29889, 512, 1556, 4251, 1438, 892, 376, 1049, 304, 278, 3428, 261, 29908, 29899, 1853, 337, 9514, 29889, 8218, 479, 707, 1078, 297, 18444, 29892, 838, 914, 423, 322, 23653, 892, 6314, 440, 3368, 491, 5264, 391, 4095, 1860, 29889, 13, 797, 7551, 29892, 2982, 11736, 12919, 9701, 376, 1049, 304, 278, 3428, 261, 1642, 24930, 440, 4371, 5643, 29892, 322, 515, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29947, 29892, 297, 278, 5619, 8948, 2538, 29886, 787, 4127, 2184, 29892, 2982, 27428, 9488, 411, 278, 6314, 573, 29889, 15447, 29892, 310, 3236, 29892, 7551, 338, 18443, 292, 7483, 391, 2215, 4056, 29889, 13, 797, 5546, 29892, 4275, 19109, 322, 27807, 29892, 9221, 13956, 11736, 9213, 304, 1136, 17211, 403, 7483, 1608, 29889, 739, 1090, 29893, 4859, 10952, 18408, 4371, 29892, 411, 337, 9514, 18225, 515, 2038, 491, 4148, 3673, 713, 5922, 29892, 1250, 287, 491, 6919, 5414, 3303, 3900, 8249, 29889, 910, 471, 8688, 304, 758, 29899, 3456, 263, 2507, 304, 3817, 1608, 29889, 9206, 1319, 2982, 29880, 4339, 892, 429, 7728, 374, 630, 322, 1009, 2982, 2654, 391, 7541, 304, 3006, 1934, 29889, 8364, 5996, 24233, 362, 10425, 3234, 2068, 29889, 13, 6246, 278, 7483, 2879, 9698, 701, 7128, 1218, 278, 18032, 3631, 1190, 11242, 29889, 910, 1889, 471, 1754, 1950, 491, 4113, 1531, 287, 26094, 29892, 8818, 362, 322, 28075, 310, 28773, 17692, 23390, 304, 11176, 3460, 6397, 2722, 29889, 13, 1576, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29900, 29879, 4446, 1554, 310, 263, 7251, 2389, 29889, 450, 376, 25431, 284, 2106, 29908, 4846, 982, 304, 452, 5079, 495, 284, 29892, 9999, 29899, 12236, 287, 337, 9514, 29889, 1205, 297, 263, 2846, 10916, 1722, 886, 892, 2825, 363, 24818, 11736, 29889, 4525, 5134, 13656, 279, 29296, 29892, 1260, 22194, 29892, 379, 898, 10939, 29892, 278, 26260, 322, 796, 19977, 370, 705, 29889, 512, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29900, 29879, 29892, 2919, 29899, 7052, 1236, 13186, 27227, 275, 800, 3614, 2058, 297, 16704, 423, 322, 379, 898, 10939, 29889, 13, 4591, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29900, 29892, 1156, 278, 24382, 310, 15308, 29899, 3293, 3817, 1608, 29892, 278, 3148, 322, 278, 2787, 10253, 21201, 263, 376, 1482, 10742, 29908, 310, 2982, 11736, 29889, 910, 471, 263, 982, 304, 1136, 17211, 403, 7483, 391, 2875, 5302, 29889, 13, 797, 14841, 10557, 29892, 363, 1342, 29892, 988, 2654, 391, 1091, 11067, 2982, 11736, 471, 5181, 1363, 310, 15839, 2814, 29874, 2478, 29892, 278, 22545, 1078, 310, 376, 1482, 10742, 29908, 11736, 18365, 304, 4772, 429, 7728, 374, 362, 29889, 2688, 28705, 2012, 363, 24833, 2729, 373, 376, 29893, 8873, 19417, 414, 322, 17762, 15649, 414, 1642, 910, 28482, 27214, 630, 1301, 2187, 322, 2982, 11736, 24833, 297, 796, 19977, 370, 705, 29892, 13041, 747, 423, 322, 4275, 10557, 29889, 13, 23036, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29900, 29879, 322, 278, 14451, 310, 452, 5079, 495, 284, 1608, 29892, 1784, 14338, 10916, 505, 13818, 21201, 2919 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.128334

1.371104

2.016597

1.913506

-scale, commercial and export-oriented farming. With capitalism now hegemonic, the terrain on which land reform takes place has been dramatically altered. But these shifts haven't been uncontested. Global social movements such as Via Campesina, the "way of the peasant", have emerged to resist neoliberal-style reform. They urge redistribution of land to the poor. At the same time, new issues loom large within debates on land reform. Gender equity and claims to resources by indigenous peoples are two. They also include the unequal and often unhealthy character of global agro-food systems, and environmental sustainability. Comparing these experiences, what can we conclude? It seems to me that South Africa's land reform is pre-eminently driven by the state. But the state has been captured by elite interests. Nevertheless, in some cases land reform has been followed by significant reductions of rural poverty. Land reform has also resulted in increased productivity, output and income. These changes have made a significant contribution to development more generally. There have also been many disappointing outcomes. These include little or no reduction in rural poverty. And the benefits of reform have in some cases been captured by the relatively wealthy. Sign up for free AllAfrica Newsletters Get the latest in African news delivered straight to your inbox Top Headlines South Africa Land and Rural Issues By submitting above, you agree to our privacy policy. To complete the process, please follow the instructions in the email we just sent you. There was a problem processing your submission. Please try again later. Class bias and elite capture Land reform in South Africa, Zimbabwe, Namibia, and Mozambique is quite distinctive in some ways, and typical in others. It is distinctive in its focus on breaking up large and productive farms. It is somewhat muted in rural struggles and hence its state-driven character, with Zimbabwe as a partial exception. It is also muted in its ambitions to undertake both redistribution and tenure reform on a large scale. South Africa has the added complication of restitution. Land reform in southern Africa is not at all distinctive in the fate of land reform being closely tied to shifts in wider political economy. Hence the class bias and elite capture. Neither is it distinctive in its turn away from small-scale farmers towards large-scale capitalist agriculture. Again, in this Zimbabwe is unique. The bigger unresolved issue of land reform in the 21st century is the need to confront the overwhelming threat of ecological collapse. South Africa's rural reforms have not yet done so. Asking questions about how to address this challenge is an urgent task. This is an extract from a recent lecture delivered by Professor Cousins at the University of the Western Cape. Ben Cousins, Professor, Poverty, Land and Agrarian Studies, University of the Western Cape This article is republished from The Conversation Africa under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article. Copyright © 2019 The Conversation. All rights reserved. Distributed by AllAfrica Global Media (allAfrica.com). To contact the copyright holder directly for corrections — or for permission to republish or make other authorized use of this material, click here. Late Business Icon Richard Maponya Remembered in South Africa Matric Results Anticipation Hits Fever Pitch in South Africa More From: The Conversation Africa South Africa: Finding Answers to What Makes - or Breaks - Young Cricketers South Africa: What's Behind Violence - a Sociologist's Perspective South Africa: Human Gene Editing - Who Decides the Rules? Southern Africa: How We Deduced That Our Ancestors Liked Roast Vegetables Too South Africa: Leadership Needed to Fight Violence to Children Gambia: Why Plea for the Rohingya Matters for International Justice Zimbabwe: How Politics and Poverty Affect Electricity Provision Uganda: We Don't Know How Many Mountain Gorillas Live in the Wild. Here's Why Africa: Preventing TB - a Big Drug Price Cut Paves the Way for Global Scale-Up East Africa: In the Future There Will Be More Rain, but Less Water, in the Nile Basin South Africa: Antib

[ 29899, 7052, 29892, 12128, 322, 5609, 29899, 12236, 287, 2215, 4056, 29889, 2973, 7483, 1608, 1286, 298, 387, 331, 8927, 29892, 278, 28439, 373, 607, 2982, 11736, 4893, 2058, 756, 1063, 8541, 19574, 10551, 287, 29889, 13, 6246, 1438, 528, 17741, 7359, 29915, 29873, 1063, 443, 1285, 2868, 29889, 12002, 5264, 24147, 1316, 408, 23306, 7259, 267, 1099, 29892, 278, 376, 1582, 310, 278, 1236, 13186, 613, 505, 11176, 3192, 304, 9241, 452, 5079, 495, 284, 29899, 3293, 11736, 29889, 2688, 5065, 479, 2654, 391, 3224, 310, 2982, 304, 278, 6460, 29889, 13, 4178, 278, 1021, 931, 29892, 716, 5626, 658, 290, 2919, 2629, 2553, 1078, 373, 2982, 11736, 29889, 402, 1581, 1592, 537, 322, 16726, 304, 7788, 491, 1399, 2101, 681, 1236, 459, 793, 526, 1023, 29889, 2688, 884, 3160, 278, 1597, 15380, 322, 4049, 443, 354, 4298, 29891, 2931, 310, 5534, 946, 307, 29899, 1181, 397, 6757, 29892, 322, 29380, 15075, 475, 3097, 29889, 13, 1523, 862, 292, 1438, 27482, 29892, 825, 508, 591, 17668, 29973, 13, 3112, 2444, 304, 592, 393, 4275, 10557, 29915, 29879, 2982, 11736, 338, 758, 29899, 331, 262, 2705, 18225, 491, 278, 2106, 29889, 1205, 278, 2106, 756, 1063, 15468, 491, 560, 568, 20017, 29889, 13, 29940, 1310, 16561, 29892, 297, 777, 4251, 2982, 11736, 756, 1063, 5643, 491, 7282, 3724, 1953, 310, 17692, 25273, 1017, 29889, 3172, 11736, 756, 884, 20601, 297, 11664, 3234, 2068, 29892, 1962, 322, 17869, 29889, 4525, 3620, 505, 1754, 263, 7282, 11896, 304, 5849, 901, 6892, 29889, 13, 8439, 505, 884, 1063, 1784, 23451, 292, 714, 26807, 29889, 4525, 3160, 2217, 470, 694, 20376, 297, 17692, 25273, 1017, 29889, 1126, 278, 23633, 310, 11736, 505, 297, 777, 4251, 1063, 15468, 491, 278, 13774, 17173, 29891, 29889, 13, 10140, 701, 363, 3889, 2178, 29909, 18961, 10130, 1026, 2153, 13, 2577, 278, 9281, 297, 11715, 9763, 20115, 7812, 304, 596, 297, 1884, 13, 7031, 12252, 9012, 4275, 10557, 3172, 322, 390, 3631, 16982, 1041, 13, 2059, 11834, 5367, 2038, 29892, 366, 8661, 304, 1749, 5999, 4135, 8898, 29889, 13, 1762, 4866, 278, 1889, 29892, 3113, 1101, 278, 11994, 297, 278, 4876, 591, 925, 2665, 366, 29889, 13, 8439, 471, 263, 1108, 9068, 596, 29240, 29889, 3529, 1018, 1449, 2678, 29889, 13, 2385, 24003, 322, 560, 568, 10446, 13, 22677, 11736, 297, 4275, 10557, 29892, 796, 19977, 370, 705, 29892, 13041, 747, 423, 29892, 322, 18129, 1117, 1387, 338, 3755, 8359, 573, 297, 777, 5837, 29892, 322, 15662, 297, 4045, 29889, 739, 338, 8359, 573, 297, 967, 8569, 373, 16679, 701, 2919, 322, 3234, 573, 2215, 1516, 29889, 739, 338, 10579, 286, 3860, 297, 17692, 10205, 793, 322, 8151, 967, 2106, 29899, 24477, 854, 2931, 29892, 411, 796, 19977, 370, 705, 408, 263, 7687, 3682, 29889, 739, 338, 884, 286, 3860, 297, 967, 3181, 2187, 304, 22332, 1296, 1716, 2654, 391, 3224, 322, 3006, 545, 11736, 373, 263, 2919, 6287, 29889, 4275, 10557, 756, 278, 2715, 752, 1414, 310, 1791, 5008, 29889, 13, 22677, 11736, 297, 14841, 10557, 338, 451, 472, 599, 8359, 573, 297, 278, 23779, 310, 2982, 11736, 1641, 16467, 21351, 304, 528, 17741, 297, 25734, 8604, 26504, 29889, 10133, 278, 770, 24003, 322, 560, 568, 10446, 29889, 2448, 2121, 338, 372, 8359, 573, 297, 967, 2507, 3448, 515, 2319, 29899, 7052, 2215, 13269, 7113, 2919, 29899, 7052, 7483, 391, 18032, 545, 29889, 11454, 29892, 297, 445, 796, 19977, 370, 705, 338, 5412, 29889, 13, 1576, 16600, 443, 9778, 1490, 2228, 310, 2982, 11736, 297, 278, 29871, 29906, 29896, 303, 6462, 338, 278, 817, 304, 21751, 278, 975, 1332, 295, 4056, 28469, 310, 321, 21553, 936, 24382, 29889, 4275, 10557, 29915, 29879, 17692, 337, 9514, 505, 451, 3447, 2309, 577, 29889, 26579, 292, 5155, 1048, 920, 304, 3211, 445, 18766, 338, 385, 5065, 5362, 3414, 29889, 13, 4013, 338, 385, 6597, 515, 263, 7786, 29197, 20115, 491, 11386, 315, 681, 1144, 472, 278, 3014, 310, 278, 10504, 20922, 29889, 13, 20841, 315, 681, 1144, 29892, 11386, 29892, 349, 957, 1017, 29892, 3172, 322, 16503, 13956, 16972, 29892, 3014, 310, 278, 10504, 20922, 13, 4013, 4274, 338, 23465, 3726, 515, 450, 1281, 874, 362, 10557, 1090, 263, 26635, 3468, 19405, 29889, 7523, 278, 2441, 4274, 29889, 13, 11882, 1266, 29871, 30211, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29929, 450, 1281, 874, 362, 29889, 2178, 10462, 21676, 29889, 6652, 7541, 491, 2178, 29909, 18961, 12002, 8213, 313, 497, 29909, 18961, 29889, 510, 467, 1763, 6958, 278, 3509, 1266, 19464, 4153, 363, 14515, 1953, 813, 470, 363, 10751, 304, 23465, 1674, 470, 1207, 916, 4148, 1891, 671, 310, 445, 5518, 29892, 2828, 1244, 29889, 13, 29931, 403, 15197, 26816, 6123, 7315, 2592, 29874, 22738, 287, 297, 4275, 10557, 13, 9782, 2200, 17212, 5459, 12654, 362, 379, 1169, 383, 1310, 349, 2335, 297, 4275, 10557, 13, 20761, 3645, 29901, 450, 1281, 874, 362, 10557, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 383, 4015, 530, 5956, 304, 1724, 341, 6926, 448, 470, 5826, 10327, 448, 10443, 6781, 860, 2699, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 1724, 29915, 29879, 1522, 16887, 10630, 324, 663, 448, 263, 5329, 19915, 29915, 29879, 9034, 12645, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 12968, 15350, 7641, 292, 448, 11644, 3826, 2247, 278, 390, 2540, 29973, 13, 29903, 283, 5063, 10557, 29901, 1128, 1334, 360, 6085, 1133, 2193, 8680, 530, 29883, 342, 943, 365, 638, 287, 1528, 579, 17236, 300, 1849, 1763, 29877, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 951, 328, 10475, 2448, 19226, 304, 26650, 10630, 324, 663, 304, 20986, 13, 29954, 1117, 423, 29901, 3750, 19777, 29874, 363, 278, 390, 1148, 292, 3761, 5345, 2153, 363, 4623, 17181, 13, 29999, 19977, 370, 705, 29901, 1128, 6934, 1199, 322, 349, 957, 1017, 319, 7161, 26953, 537, 1019, 4924, 13, 29965, 29887, 5863, 29901, 1334, 3872, 29915, 29873, 19320, 1128, 9267, 18204, 18686, 21338, 10782, 297, 278, 11821, 29889, 2266, 29915, 29879, 3750, 13, 29909, 18961, 29901, 4721, 794, 292, 323, 29933, 448, 263, 7997, 360, 11124, 20743, 315, 329, 349, 5989, 278, 5307, 363, 12002, 2522, 744, 29899, 3373, 13, 29923, 579, 10557, 29901, 512, 278, 16367, 1670, 2811, 1522, 5853, 21431, 29892, 541, 27898, 13062, 29892, 297, 278, 405, 488, 4886, 262, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 5459, 747 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.852552

0.826035

0.67706

1.167229

ody Technologies Take a Step Closer to Precision Medicine Uganda: How Music Helps Us Understand Displaced Communities Ghana: Unpacking the Role of Religious Counselling Services in Ghana Africa: New Estimates Show 14.8 Million Children Globally Are HIV-Exposed but Uninfected South Africa: Ramaphosa Fails to Show Leadership As Difficult and Decisive Year Looms South Africa: Why This Academic Got a Radio Ad Banned Nigeria: How the Nigerian and Kenyan Media Handled Cambridge Analytica South Africa: South Africa Has Huge 'Green Fuels' Potential but It Needs to Act Now South Africa: Student Success Is About More Than Hard Work South Africa: ANC's Anniversary Statement - Damp Squib or New Benchmark for South Africa? South Africa: Why South Africa's Declining Maths Performance Is a Worry Ghana: Ghana's Mining Communities Are Still Not Getting Their Just Dues Africa: Progress in Rolling Out of National Power Grids Has Stalled Africa: Diversifying Approaches to Conserving Nature South Africa: South Africa Steps Up Its Game to End Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Africa: How Some Corporations Can Have Positive Impact in Communities Mauritius: Why Very Few Women Go Into Politics in Mauritius Nigeria: Why the Outlook for Fixing Energy Crisis Isn't Good Nigeria: We Asked Students About Transactional Sex On Campus Africa: Africa's Genetic Material Is Still Being Misused Zimbabwe: Mugabe's Nephew Zhuwao Takes Minister Shiri to Court Over Farm Zimbabwe: Mugabe's Nephew Kicked Out Off Farm By Minister Shiri South Africa: The Land Bill Is a Curate's Egg and, Right Now, It's a Bit Scrambled Tanzania: Biharamulo Couple Murdered Over Land Dispute Rwanda: Govt to Repossess Idle Farms in Eastern Province Zimbabwe: Plot-Holders in Quandary As Mushandike Dam Dries Up Namibia: Outapi Land Turned Into Informal Settlement Seychelles: Limited Land, Technical Support for Farmers in Seychelles Limits Agricultural Output, Official Says Zimbabwe: Bulawayo City Council Bans Tombstones Kenya: Nigerian Rapper Blaqbonez Hits Back at Khaligraph With His Own Disstrack(Nairobi News) Uganda: Bobi Wine Changes Tactics(Monitor) Kenya: Djs in Diaspora Condemn Shooting of Colleague in Nairobi(Nation) East Africa: Rwandan Soaps Top Watch List(East African) Ghana: Rapper Maccasio Holds Historic Album Launch in Tamale(Ghanaian Times) Ghana: Musiga Schooled Members On Royalty Payment(Ghanaian Times) Zimbabwe: Artistes Snub Music Awards(The Herald) Kenya: Performers Condemn Shooting of DJ at B-Club(Nairobi News) Liberia: Lappa Fashion Night Out Set for Jan. 18(Observer) Zimbabwe: Music Awards Nominees Announced(The Herald) South Africa: State Nuclear Energy Body Without a Board After Members Resign(Govt of SA) Tanzania: Natural Gas Plan Draft Finalised(Daily News) South Africa: Power System Stabilising(SAnews.gov.za) Africa: Sustainable Bioenergy Use - a Clear Path to Biodiversity and Sustainable Economic Development(UNEP) Zimbabwe: Sakubva Residents Petition Council Over Power Black Out(263Chat) Nigeria: Electricity Grid Records System Collapse(Daily Trust) Sudan: Sudan, Poland Reviews Means of Cooperation in Energy Fields(SNA) Sudan: Minister of Energy Meets Malaysian Ambassador(SNA) South Africa: Renewables Vs Coal - Timeline of a Fatally Rigged Fight

[ 1486, 8364, 11763, 11190, 263, 16696, 2233, 22969, 304, 349, 3757, 2459, 27529, 13, 29965, 29887, 5863, 29901, 1128, 6125, 6162, 567, 10783, 7634, 1689, 3295, 13974, 1133, 20473, 1907, 13, 29954, 29882, 1648, 29901, 853, 4058, 292, 278, 1528, 280, 310, 16221, 2738, 6237, 29879, 7807, 15538, 297, 13491, 1648, 13, 29909, 18961, 29901, 1570, 2661, 326, 1078, 7704, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29889, 29947, 8649, 291, 20986, 402, 2127, 635, 4683, 379, 5667, 29899, 1252, 4752, 541, 853, 262, 3647, 287, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 8292, 12451, 3628, 383, 2234, 304, 7704, 951, 328, 10475, 1094, 360, 2593, 3953, 322, 3826, 275, 573, 8905, 4309, 4835, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 3750, 910, 16146, 293, 15992, 263, 9204, 2087, 350, 11310, 13, 29940, 4087, 423, 29901, 1128, 278, 20537, 713, 322, 10015, 10094, 8213, 5166, 839, 12585, 11597, 3637, 983, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 4275, 10557, 11699, 379, 5710, 525, 24599, 11871, 1379, 29915, 10173, 2556, 541, 739, 2448, 5779, 304, 3185, 2567, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 15740, 21397, 1317, 13611, 5853, 498, 273, 10999, 5244, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 13764, 29907, 29915, 29879, 530, 1240, 27547, 6666, 882, 448, 360, 1160, 317, 339, 747, 470, 1570, 4111, 16580, 363, 4275, 10557, 29973, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 3750, 4275, 10557, 29915, 29879, 3826, 1915, 292, 5792, 29879, 23768, 1317, 263, 399, 3818, 13, 29954, 29882, 1648, 29901, 13491, 1648, 29915, 29879, 341, 2827, 20473, 1907, 4683, 12074, 2216, 24162, 11275, 3387, 360, 1041, 13, 29909, 18961, 29901, 20018, 297, 8731, 1847, 4451, 310, 3086, 9206, 1632, 4841, 11699, 624, 4212, 13, 29909, 18961, 29901, 360, 1536, 9215, 28268, 14520, 304, 1281, 643, 1747, 17677, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 4275, 10557, 2443, 567, 5020, 8011, 8448, 304, 2796, 21869, 29899, 517, 29899, 5938, 4103, 6737, 310, 379, 5667, 13, 29909, 18961, 29901, 1128, 3834, 12767, 800, 1815, 6975, 10321, 3321, 14305, 627, 297, 20473, 1907, 13, 29924, 6698, 277, 2482, 29901, 3750, 18064, 383, 809, 10152, 2921, 512, 517, 6934, 1199, 297, 11475, 277, 2482, 13, 29940, 4087, 423, 29901, 3750, 278, 4451, 6914, 363, 24778, 292, 24836, 29524, 275, 29489, 29915, 29873, 7197, 13, 29940, 4087, 423, 29901, 1334, 26579, 287, 5088, 1237, 13611, 4103, 2467, 284, 21703, 1551, 7259, 375, 13, 29909, 18961, 29901, 10557, 29915, 29879, 5739, 7492, 17582, 1317, 12074, 28265, 20929, 3880, 13, 29999, 19977, 370, 705, 29901, 341, 688, 4302, 29915, 29879, 22806, 13636, 796, 6905, 2766, 29877, 323, 6926, 7668, 1383, 12737, 304, 9245, 6811, 23354, 13, 29999, 19977, 370, 705, 29901, 341, 688, 4302, 29915, 29879, 22806, 13636, 476, 17840, 4451, 5947, 23354, 2648, 7668, 1383, 12737, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 450, 3172, 6682, 1317, 263, 10837, 403, 29915, 29879, 382, 1505, 322, 29892, 10428, 2567, 29892, 739, 29915, 29879, 263, 18531, 2522, 2572, 27225, 13, 29911, 4096, 4807, 29901, 3457, 8222, 314, 7207, 19565, 552, 7487, 672, 287, 6811, 3172, 3295, 649, 29872, 13, 29934, 29893, 5863, 29901, 402, 586, 29873, 304, 830, 28802, 404, 5163, 280, 8413, 1516, 297, 16162, 17325, 13, 29999, 19977, 370, 705, 29901, 18399, 29899, 29144, 414, 297, 751, 392, 653, 1094, 341, 1878, 392, 9345, 9865, 360, 2722, 5020, 13, 29940, 314, 747, 423, 29901, 4451, 2754, 3172, 9603, 287, 512, 517, 15162, 284, 317, 1803, 944, 13, 29903, 1032, 305, 4999, 29901, 28873, 3172, 29892, 8364, 936, 18601, 363, 23354, 414, 297, 922, 3376, 4999, 9628, 1169, 27051, 3631, 10604, 29892, 10564, 317, 1036, 13, 29999, 19977, 370, 705, 29901, 8313, 21694, 29877, 4412, 8831, 350, 550, 323, 3424, 303, 2873, 13, 29968, 264, 3761, 29901, 20537, 713, 390, 23239, 10465, 29939, 15933, 29920, 379, 1169, 7437, 472, 476, 4077, 335, 1140, 2973, 3600, 438, 1233, 3295, 4151, 384, 29898, 29940, 26025, 5365, 10130, 29897, 13, 29965, 29887, 5863, 29901, 7991, 29875, 399, 457, 678, 6916, 323, 627, 1199, 29898, 7185, 2105, 29897, 13, 29968, 264, 3761, 29901, 360, 1315, 297, 360, 3173, 1971, 29874, 1281, 2310, 29876, 17550, 11427, 310, 1530, 280, 3437, 297, 405, 26025, 5365, 29898, 29940, 362, 29897, 13, 29923, 579, 10557, 29901, 390, 18622, 273, 1105, 2547, 7488, 24274, 2391, 29898, 29923, 579, 11715, 29897, 13, 29954, 29882, 1648, 29901, 390, 23239, 4326, 9398, 601, 379, 3361, 17939, 10217, 997, 3322, 297, 16939, 744, 29898, 29954, 29882, 1648, 713, 10277, 29897, 13, 29954, 29882, 1648, 29901, 3077, 4324, 1102, 3634, 839, 341, 13415, 1551, 7021, 1017, 14617, 358, 29898, 29954, 29882, 1648, 713, 10277, 29897, 13, 29999, 19977, 370, 705, 29901, 3012, 9230, 22639, 431, 6125, 9220, 29898, 1576, 2439, 2741, 29897, 13, 29968, 264, 3761, 29901, 27313, 414, 1281, 2310, 29876, 17550, 11427, 310, 23366, 472, 350, 29899, 6821, 431, 29898, 29940, 26025, 5365, 10130, 29897, 13, 29931, 12347, 423, 29901, 365, 8055, 383, 10904, 11554, 4451, 3789, 363, 2627, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29898, 28066, 29897, 13, 29999, 19977, 370, 705, 29901, 6125, 9220, 20583, 457, 267, 8081, 20979, 29898, 1576, 2439, 2741, 29897, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 4306, 405, 1682, 1945, 24836, 24928, 13932, 263, 12590, 2860, 341, 13415, 2538, 647, 29898, 29954, 586, 29873, 310, 16698, 29897, 13, 29911, 4096, 4807, 29901, 18385, 19141, 8402, 360, 4154, 9550, 3368, 29898, 29928, 8683, 10130, 29897, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 9206, 2184, 624, 4427, 5921, 29898, 8132, 15753, 29889, 13513, 29889, 1362, 29897, 13, 29909, 18961, 29901, 317, 504, 475, 519, 21184, 27548, 4803, 448, 263, 17732, 10802, 304, 350, 2660, 24974, 322, 317, 504, 475, 519, 12884, 293, 14650, 29898, 3904, 15488, 29897, 13, 29999, 19977, 370, 705, 29901, 19736, 431, 1564, 2538, 16719, 5879, 654, 8831, 6811, 9206, 6054, 4451, 29898, 29906, 29953, 29941, 1451, 271, 29897, 13, 29940, 4087, 423, 29901, 26953, 537, 11657, 7983, 2184, 1530, 13938, 29898, 29928, 8683, 20692, 29897, 13, 29903, 566, 273, 29901, 8383, 273, 29892, 18898, 830, 7406, 2191, 550, 310, 3189, 16453, 297, 24836, 8989, 29879, 29898, 29903, 3521, 29897, 13, 29903, 566, 273, 29901, 7668, 310, 24836, 2191, 1691, 26417, 713, 15145, 28760, 29898, 29903, 3521, 29897, 13, 29903, 2438, 10557, 29901, 7493, 809, 1849, 478, 29879, 3189, 284, 448, 7870, 5570, 310, 263, 383, 271, 635, 390, 335, 3192, 26650 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.793987

-0.677774

0.926318

-0.248801

Homecooked competition serves the ultimate friendship Print Sports June 7, 2011, 12:02 p.m. | By Eliza Wapner | 8 years, 7 months ago Ultimate Frisbee teaches Blair students unconventional and important lessons. Sophomore Puck Bregstone leaps to snatch a Frisbee out of the air. As he catches the disc, he lands hard on the ground, accidentally pushing a member from the opposing team down. The time is stopped, not by a referee, but by the players. Bregstone is part of Blair's Ultimate Frisbee team, Homecooked. Ultimate is a sport that involves throwing and catching a disc, combining aspects of basketball, soccer and football in a fast-paced game of teamwork. But although the game has a defined set of rules, on the field play is self-officiated, meaning that there are no referees and team members are expected to uphold only the "spirit of the game." The players make all calls and by the standards of this "spirit of the game" philosophy they are required to be fair and uphold the sincerity of the game. The Washington Area Frisbee Club (WAFC) defines this unique code of conduct as a set of rules that relies on "sportsmanship that places responsibility for fair play on the player." According to WAFC this dedication to the integrity of the game is what really sets Frisbee apart from mainstream sports. The tricks of the trade In Ultimate, the objective is to get the Frisbee in the end zone. After the frisbee is caught, the player can only move up to three steps before passing the disc to another player. The main strategy of Ultimate is to set up a "stack" or a line of players down the field that helps players reach the end zone to score. According to the New York Times, Ultimate Frisbee was invented by the hippies of the 1960's as an anti-sport that harbored a congenial mind-set; no referees, no previous experience and no intense contact. In 1979 an organization called USA Ultimate was created to regulate national tournaments and leagues. Since then the sport has continued to grow to include college and high school students. In fact, in the past year youth Frisbee has taken the US National Governing Body For the Sport of Ultimate (USA Ultimate) by surprise as the number of student members in the organization surpassed the number of adult and college members. The growth in youth Frisbee has seen new leagues and players participating, including the WAFC Washington, D.C. area league that Homecooked plays in. Photo: Sophomore Luke Shoppert gives the frisbee a toss during a Homecooked Ultimate practice. The team practices regularly at Blair. Three years ago, Kris Gill, former president of WAFC moved to Takoma Park and wanted to get involved with the community by teaching Ultimate. She became the coach of Homecooked and has come every Wednesday since to practice with the team and teach them more advanced skills. Junior co-captain Marcus Clarke praises Gill for her belief in the team. "She's very supportive of the team," he says, "she never puts us down." This support translates into success. This season, Homecooked stands with a record of two and four. They beat Paint Branch's fairly new team and lost to Sidwell Friend School's established and school funded team. Gill predicts that as the years go on, the team will continue to improve. She credits this to a strong core of underclassmen team members. According to Andy Lee, director of manufacturing and communications at USA Ultimate, the sense of responsibility and teamwork is a mind-set that boosts morale, which in turn attracts people to the game. Lee says that this is one of the primary reasons for Ultimate's growing popularity. "It's one of the underlying principles of Ultimate that teaches sportsmanship, honesty and integrity which appeals to kids and parents," he says. "There is a great life lesson that is taught through the game." According to Gill, this mind-set leads to player's respect towards their own teammates and the players on the opposing team. "You become friends off the field [with your teammates] because of spirit of the game," says Gill

[ 8778, 1111, 12504, 13888, 19700, 278, 8494, 6490, 27994, 13, 11816, 12453, 13, 29967, 1540, 29871, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29896, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29901, 29900, 29906, 282, 29889, 29885, 29889, 891, 2648, 1260, 6619, 399, 481, 1089, 891, 29871, 29947, 2440, 29892, 29871, 29955, 7378, 8020, 13, 29965, 1896, 6490, 383, 3780, 915, 29872, 6860, 267, 10465, 381, 8041, 443, 535, 794, 1848, 322, 4100, 3109, 787, 29889, 13, 29903, 3021, 290, 487, 349, 2707, 350, 1727, 12734, 454, 2547, 304, 5807, 905, 263, 383, 3780, 915, 29872, 714, 310, 278, 4799, 29889, 1094, 540, 4380, 267, 278, 2313, 29892, 540, 12625, 2898, 373, 278, 5962, 29892, 11423, 635, 27556, 263, 4509, 515, 278, 9209, 292, 3815, 1623, 29889, 450, 931, 338, 11084, 29892, 451, 491, 263, 2143, 23987, 29892, 541, 491, 278, 10769, 29889, 13, 29933, 1727, 12734, 338, 760, 310, 10465, 381, 29915, 29879, 18514, 6490, 383, 3780, 915, 29872, 3815, 29892, 8778, 1111, 12504, 29889, 18514, 6490, 338, 263, 7980, 393, 20789, 17452, 322, 4380, 292, 263, 2313, 29892, 29299, 21420, 310, 20305, 29892, 269, 11953, 322, 5733, 297, 263, 5172, 29899, 29886, 562, 287, 3748, 310, 3815, 1287, 29889, 13, 6246, 5998, 278, 3748, 756, 263, 3342, 731, 310, 6865, 29892, 373, 278, 1746, 1708, 338, 1583, 29899, 2696, 1654, 630, 29892, 6593, 393, 727, 526, 694, 2143, 406, 267, 322, 3815, 5144, 526, 3806, 304, 318, 561, 1025, 871, 278, 376, 1028, 14987, 310, 278, 3748, 1213, 450, 10769, 1207, 599, 5717, 322, 491, 278, 20801, 310, 445, 376, 1028, 14987, 310, 278, 3748, 29908, 22237, 896, 526, 3734, 304, 367, 6534, 322, 318, 561, 1025, 278, 4457, 2265, 537, 310, 278, 3748, 29889, 13, 1576, 7660, 18320, 383, 3780, 915, 29872, 5977, 313, 29956, 5098, 29907, 29897, 17645, 445, 5412, 775, 310, 7512, 408, 263, 731, 310, 6865, 393, 337, 3687, 373, 376, 29879, 637, 3844, 550, 4034, 393, 7600, 23134, 363, 6534, 1708, 373, 278, 4847, 1213, 7579, 304, 399, 5098, 29907, 445, 8856, 362, 304, 278, 28410, 310, 278, 3748, 338, 825, 2289, 6166, 383, 3780, 915, 29872, 12435, 515, 1667, 5461, 14717, 29889, 13, 1576, 534, 7358, 310, 278, 11302, 13, 797, 18514, 6490, 29892, 278, 12091, 338, 304, 679, 278, 383, 3780, 915, 29872, 297, 278, 1095, 10640, 29889, 2860, 278, 1424, 275, 915, 29872, 338, 12624, 29892, 278, 4847, 508, 871, 4337, 701, 304, 2211, 6576, 1434, 6819, 278, 2313, 304, 1790, 4847, 29889, 450, 1667, 13705, 310, 18514, 6490, 338, 304, 731, 701, 263, 376, 1429, 29908, 470, 263, 1196, 310, 10769, 1623, 278, 1746, 393, 6911, 10769, 6159, 278, 1095, 10640, 304, 8158, 29889, 13, 7504, 3278, 304, 278, 1570, 3088, 10277, 29892, 18514, 6490, 383, 3780, 915, 29872, 471, 11817, 287, 491, 278, 7251, 407, 583, 310, 278, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29900, 29915, 29879, 408, 385, 9418, 29899, 29879, 637, 393, 4023, 4089, 287, 263, 378, 1885, 616, 3458, 29899, 842, 29936, 694, 2143, 406, 267, 29892, 694, 3517, 7271, 322, 694, 17818, 344, 6958, 29889, 13, 797, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29929, 385, 13013, 2000, 8278, 18514, 6490, 471, 2825, 304, 1072, 5987, 4797, 14743, 29879, 322, 454, 21628, 29889, 4001, 769, 278, 7980, 756, 7572, 304, 6548, 304, 3160, 12755, 322, 1880, 3762, 8041, 29889, 512, 2114, 29892, 297, 278, 4940, 1629, 12397, 383, 3780, 915, 29872, 756, 4586, 278, 3148, 3086, 402, 957, 1076, 24928, 1152, 278, 8815, 310, 18514, 6490, 313, 27019, 18514, 6490, 29897, 491, 16671, 408, 278, 1353, 310, 8368, 5144, 297, 278, 13013, 1190, 3364, 287, 278, 1353, 310, 16157, 322, 12755, 5144, 29889, 450, 14321, 297, 12397, 383, 3780, 915, 29872, 756, 3595, 716, 454, 21628, 322, 10769, 5221, 1218, 29892, 3704, 278, 399, 5098, 29907, 7660, 29892, 360, 29889, 29907, 29889, 4038, 13225, 393, 8778, 1111, 12504, 13582, 297, 29889, 13, 25971, 29901, 19122, 290, 487, 25556, 17550, 407, 814, 4076, 278, 1424, 275, 915, 29872, 263, 28189, 2645, 263, 8778, 1111, 12504, 18514, 6490, 6944, 29889, 450, 3815, 23274, 25704, 472, 10465, 381, 29889, 13, 28575, 2440, 8020, 29892, 476, 3780, 28047, 29892, 4642, 6673, 310, 399, 5098, 29907, 6153, 304, 14619, 4125, 4815, 322, 5131, 304, 679, 9701, 411, 278, 7881, 491, 18819, 18514, 6490, 29889, 2296, 3897, 278, 11182, 310, 8778, 1111, 12504, 322, 756, 2041, 1432, 15050, 4515, 3250, 1951, 304, 6944, 411, 278, 3815, 322, 6860, 963, 901, 12862, 25078, 29889, 15897, 1302, 29899, 17885, 475, 27390, 15183, 446, 7213, 4637, 28047, 363, 902, 17750, 297, 278, 3815, 29889, 376, 13468, 29915, 29879, 1407, 2304, 573, 310, 278, 3815, 1699, 540, 4083, 29892, 376, 11360, 2360, 15223, 502, 1623, 1213, 13, 4013, 2304, 5578, 1078, 964, 2551, 29889, 910, 4259, 29892, 8778, 1111, 12504, 15028, 411, 263, 2407, 310, 1023, 322, 3023, 29889, 2688, 16646, 349, 2365, 25889, 29915, 29879, 12558, 716, 3815, 322, 5714, 304, 19732, 5872, 20702, 4523, 29915, 29879, 7841, 322, 3762, 5220, 287, 3815, 29889, 28047, 8500, 29879, 393, 408, 278, 2440, 748, 373, 29892, 278, 3815, 674, 6773, 304, 11157, 29889, 2296, 6625, 1169, 445, 304, 263, 4549, 7136, 310, 1090, 1990, 1527, 3815, 5144, 29889, 13, 7504, 3278, 304, 21828, 9371, 29892, 8881, 310, 12012, 3864, 322, 7212, 800, 472, 8278, 18514, 6490, 29892, 278, 4060, 310, 23134, 322, 3815, 1287, 338, 263, 3458, 29899, 842, 393, 14505, 29879, 3036, 744, 29892, 607, 297, 2507, 13978, 29879, 2305, 304, 278, 3748, 29889, 9371, 4083, 393, 445, 338, 697, 310, 278, 7601, 9590, 363, 18514, 6490, 29915, 29879, 15678, 5972, 537, 29889, 13, 29908, 3112, 29915, 29879, 697, 310, 278, 14407, 18671, 310, 18514, 6490, 393, 6860, 267, 7980, 3844, 550, 4034, 29892, 4207, 14596, 322, 28410, 607, 5929, 1338, 304, 413, 4841, 322, 11825, 1699, 540, 4083, 29889, 376, 8439, 338, 263, 2107, 2834, 3109, 265, 393, 338, 16187, 1549, 278, 3748, 1213, 7579, 304, 28047, 29892, 445, 3458, 29899, 842, 11981, 304, 4847, 29915, 29879, 3390, 7113, 1009, 1914, 3815, 29885, 1078, 322, 278, 10769, 373, 278, 9209, 292, 3815, 29889, 376, 3492, 4953, 7875, 1283, 278, 1746, 518, 2541, 596, 3815, 29885, 1078, 29962, 1363, 310, 8548, 310, 278, 3748, 1699, 4083, 28047 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.476239

-0.801874

0.67168

1.245651

About Mark Aldrich The Gad About Town All posts copyright 2013–2021 by Mark Aldrich Human Rights, Raif Badawi One Year Ago: A Public Torture Posted on August 16, 2016 by Mark Aldrich Raymond Johansen allowed himself to be tortured one year ago today, August 16, 2015, in solidarity with Saudi writer Raif Badawi. Johansen was hit 50 times by a friend, Tony Clenaghan, with a thin cane, a switch, in Trafalgar Square, where corporal punishments once upon a time were held in public and frequently, but not since the 1830s. Johansen had difficulty walking afterward and even expressed confusion as to where he was upon speaking with a reporter. (Video below.) When a caning is administered it sometimes does not look as severe as one thinks a beating would look; even one of the words we employ minimizes the severity: "lashes." In writing about the Saudi Arabian writer Raif Badawi, who was sentenced by Saudi Arabia in 2014 to 1000 lashes and 10 years in prison, I have run into the shallow poverty of available analogies. All language is analogy, metaphor, and I have wanted the words to be sufficient to convey the pain of judicial corporal punishment, but they do not. They can not. Raymond Johansen's action last year pumped life into the analogies, however. When speaking or writing about Raif Badawi's caning eighteen months ago, many well-known writers and several prominent television personalities (Cenk Uygur, Bill Maher) remarked that at least in the cellphone video that was posted online at the time, Badawi's punishment did not look violent. Several called it a "spanking." It isn't and it wasn't and if Saudi Arabia resumes caning Raif Badawi, which is a scary thought that remains a continuous background hum of a possibility, it will not be a "spanking." Perhaps Raymond Johansen's act of solidarity helped prove this. There are thousands of prisoners of conscience around the world, some publicly known and an unknown number secretly held. The U.S. has dark prisons in whose shadows every American citizen lives. (One can think that those individuals who are held in secret prisons by the U.S. for possibly doing anything against U.S. interests are people who either ought to be held or ought to face the justice system, but the matter is always superceded by the fact they are being held secretly and have not been tried.) Raif Badawi is a prisoner of conscience in Saudi Arabia, one of 30,000 in that country, according to some sources, but this 31-year-old prisoner of conscience is the one who was flogged. On January 9, 2015, he was hit 50 times with a cane, and he faces 19 more such sessions with a cane to complete his sentence of 1000 lashes. Even those sympathetic to Raif Badawi's plight and outraged by corporal punishment in general have found themselves duped by the seeming absence of ferociousness: when he was caned that sunny day, someone recorded a few moments illegally on a cellphone, and at least one writer, Nick Gillespie, emphasized the "public humiliation" aspect over the possibility of physical pain. (In Saudi Arabia, sentences of corporal punishment are carried out in a public square. Every Friday afternoon, after Friday prayers, citizens milling about in downtown Jeddah see an unmarked van slow down and park, they watch shackled prisoners file out, and then they serve as witnessses to corporal punishments meted out by anonymous prison authority. The closest onlookers might hear the authority quickly declare the sentence before he carries it out; anyone a few yards away will probably not hear any declaration but will certainly see the punishment. The punishments range from floggings to hands being cut off to beheadings.) The day after the video was confirmed to be Raif Badawi being flogged, I shared it on this website in the article linked to. It is 30 seconds long. You hear 20 of the 50 strikes delivered against his thin body. Raif

[ 13611, 4485, 18242, 4018, 13, 1576, 402, 328, 13611, 8421, 13, 3596, 11803, 3509, 1266, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 29994, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 491, 4485, 18242, 4018, 13, 29950, 7889, 26863, 29892, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 13, 6716, 8905, 319, 1484, 29901, 319, 5236, 323, 441, 545, 13, 6747, 287, 373, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 491, 4485, 18242, 4018, 13, 29934, 388, 8315, 1861, 29401, 6068, 3654, 304, 367, 16263, 2955, 697, 1629, 8020, 9826, 29892, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29892, 297, 7773, 279, 537, 411, 5701, 4749, 9227, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 29889, 13, 29967, 1148, 29401, 471, 7124, 29871, 29945, 29900, 3064, 491, 263, 5121, 29892, 15293, 2233, 264, 351, 5403, 29892, 411, 263, 16835, 508, 29872, 29892, 263, 4607, 29892, 297, 323, 1929, 284, 5397, 19256, 29892, 988, 17266, 284, 6035, 728, 1860, 2748, 2501, 263, 931, 892, 4934, 297, 970, 322, 13672, 29892, 541, 451, 1951, 278, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29941, 29900, 29879, 29889, 1861, 29401, 750, 14656, 22049, 1156, 1328, 322, 1584, 13384, 14679, 408, 304, 988, 540, 471, 2501, 13590, 411, 263, 1634, 9555, 29889, 313, 15167, 2400, 1846, 13, 10401, 263, 508, 292, 338, 4113, 1531, 287, 372, 6041, 947, 451, 1106, 408, 22261, 408, 697, 22405, 263, 367, 1218, 723, 1106, 29936, 1584, 697, 310, 278, 3838, 591, 5703, 6260, 7093, 278, 2775, 537, 29901, 376, 29880, 1161, 267, 1213, 512, 5007, 1048, 278, 5701, 4749, 10387, 713, 9227, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 29892, 1058, 471, 2665, 9223, 491, 5701, 4749, 10387, 423, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 304, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 29900, 301, 1161, 267, 322, 29871, 29896, 29900, 2440, 297, 8475, 29892, 306, 505, 1065, 964, 278, 4091, 340, 25273, 1017, 310, 3625, 15690, 583, 29889, 2178, 4086, 338, 3483, 6933, 29892, 1539, 481, 2015, 29892, 322, 306, 505, 5131, 278, 3838, 304, 367, 8002, 304, 27769, 278, 6788, 310, 6577, 5611, 17266, 284, 6035, 18310, 29892, 541, 896, 437, 451, 29889, 2688, 508, 451, 29889, 21380, 1861, 29401, 29915, 29879, 3158, 1833, 1629, 282, 3427, 287, 2834, 964, 278, 15690, 583, 29892, 3138, 29889, 13, 10401, 13590, 470, 5007, 1048, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 29915, 29879, 508, 292, 29319, 9404, 7378, 8020, 29892, 1784, 1532, 29899, 5203, 23550, 322, 3196, 19555, 11456, 7333, 1907, 313, 29907, 5842, 501, 4790, 332, 29892, 6682, 10082, 261, 29897, 25211, 393, 472, 3203, 297, 278, 3038, 6710, 4863, 393, 471, 8059, 7395, 472, 278, 931, 29892, 350, 1114, 4353, 29915, 29879, 6035, 18310, 1258, 451, 1106, 24252, 29889, 21882, 2000, 372, 263, 376, 1028, 804, 292, 1213, 739, 3508, 29915, 29873, 322, 372, 9007, 29915, 29873, 322, 565, 5701, 4749, 10387, 423, 620, 9351, 508, 292, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 29892, 607, 338, 263, 885, 653, 2714, 393, 9242, 263, 9126, 3239, 3165, 310, 263, 13331, 29892, 372, 674, 451, 367, 263, 376, 1028, 804, 292, 1213, 11637, 21380, 1861, 29401, 29915, 29879, 1044, 310, 7773, 279, 537, 9213, 6356, 445, 29889, 13, 8439, 526, 17202, 310, 22979, 310, 27688, 2820, 278, 3186, 29892, 777, 970, 368, 2998, 322, 385, 9815, 1353, 7035, 368, 4934, 29889, 450, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 756, 6501, 544, 14125, 297, 5069, 528, 23626, 1432, 3082, 14497, 264, 12080, 29889, 313, 6716, 508, 1348, 393, 1906, 15724, 1058, 526, 4934, 297, 7035, 544, 14125, 491, 278, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 363, 10075, 2599, 3099, 2750, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 20017, 526, 2305, 1058, 2845, 12722, 304, 367, 4934, 470, 12722, 304, 3700, 278, 15426, 1788, 29892, 541, 278, 4383, 338, 2337, 2428, 1133, 287, 491, 278, 2114, 896, 526, 1641, 4934, 7035, 368, 322, 505, 451, 1063, 1898, 1846, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 338, 263, 27314, 310, 27688, 297, 5701, 4749, 10387, 423, 29892, 697, 310, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 297, 393, 4234, 29892, 5034, 304, 777, 8974, 29892, 541, 445, 29871, 29941, 29896, 29899, 6360, 29899, 1025, 27314, 310, 27688, 338, 278, 697, 1058, 471, 285, 1188, 3192, 29889, 1551, 5490, 29871, 29929, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29892, 540, 471, 7124, 29871, 29945, 29900, 3064, 411, 263, 508, 29872, 29892, 322, 540, 17240, 29871, 29896, 29929, 901, 1316, 21396, 411, 263, 508, 29872, 304, 4866, 670, 10541, 310, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 29900, 301, 1161, 267, 29889, 13, 29923, 854, 1906, 17520, 7492, 304, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 29915, 29879, 715, 523, 322, 714, 1431, 287, 491, 17266, 284, 6035, 18310, 297, 2498, 505, 1476, 6053, 5141, 287, 491, 278, 2833, 292, 18070, 310, 285, 1489, 8802, 2264, 29901, 746, 540, 471, 508, 287, 393, 6575, 1460, 2462, 29892, 4856, 10478, 263, 2846, 19462, 980, 1397, 635, 373, 263, 3038, 6710, 29892, 322, 472, 3203, 697, 9227, 29892, 13853, 402, 7545, 12343, 29892, 19310, 1891, 278, 376, 3597, 3165, 2638, 362, 29908, 9565, 975, 278, 13331, 310, 9128, 6788, 29889, 13, 29898, 797, 5701, 4749, 10387, 423, 29892, 25260, 310, 17266, 284, 6035, 18310, 526, 8988, 714, 297, 263, 970, 6862, 29889, 7569, 28728, 17724, 29892, 1156, 28728, 12475, 414, 29892, 18363, 3533, 292, 1048, 297, 16611, 593, 776, 18847, 29881, 801, 1074, 385, 443, 3502, 287, 1109, 5232, 1623, 322, 14089, 29892, 896, 6505, 528, 547, 839, 22979, 934, 714, 29892, 322, 769, 896, 9080, 408, 16277, 29879, 267, 304, 17266, 284, 6035, 728, 1860, 1539, 287, 714, 491, 21560, 8475, 14329, 29889, 450, 21438, 373, 6914, 414, 1795, 8293, 278, 14329, 9098, 9607, 278, 10541, 1434, 540, 1559, 2722, 372, 714, 29936, 5019, 263, 2846, 17454, 3448, 674, 3117, 451, 8293, 738, 12029, 541, 674, 8959, 1074, 278, 6035, 18310, 29889, 450, 6035, 728, 1860, 3464, 515, 285, 1188, 29887, 886, 304, 6567, 1641, 5700, 1283, 304, 367, 2813, 886, 1846, 13, 1576, 2462, 1156, 278, 4863, 471, 16725, 304, 367, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 1641, 285, 1188, 3192, 29892, 306, 7258, 372, 373, 445, 4700, 297, 278, 4274, 9024, 304, 29889, 739, 338, 29871, 29941, 29900, 6923, 1472, 29889, 887, 8293, 29871, 29906, 29900, 310, 278, 29871, 29945, 29900, 19492, 267, 20115, 2750, 670, 16835, 3573, 29889, 6981, 361 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.707189

0.318601

0.72189

0.146473

briefly moves to the right or his leg buckles toward the end. He is dressed in a long-sleeved shirt and long pants. I show it here again. It is unpleasant; I wish I could make it as heartbreaking for viewers as it must be for his wife. Perhaps this will: he was sentenced to this and 19 more such canings for writing sentences like this: "Liberalism is based on the concept of personal freedom and respect for the freedoms of others. It's about mutual tolerance that is not ruled by indifference or disinterest. The belief system of liberalism is advancement. It believes freedom in itself is good and works towards good. It believes the truth comes out of dialogue, and constant improvement is a natural movement for humanity." (Not one U.S. President would have rejected those lines from a speechwriter.) Here is the video: On YouTube, one comment reads: "That's it?? That's a flogging??? Shit I have seen worse beatings by american women, I would gladly trade places…lol." Ah, the convenience of living in a country in which this probably is not an official punishment. Another: "Looks like he is getting a back massage. What kind of flogging is this???" Ignorance does not anger me; celebrating one's ignorance infuriates me. Make no mistake: flogging is torture, even though some countries do not consider it to be. Underneath his or her clothes, a person whipped with a thin switch will feel welts erupt and some of these welts will then be cut open with further blows into a bloody, irreparable, mass. Even if the person wielding the cane attempts to avoid hitting spots more than once, if he is tasked with delivering 50 blows quickly, this is not feasible. Welts will be hit bloody. And if the person wielding the cane is not attempting some minimal gentleness, the victim will be injured. Raif Badawi was injured on January 9, 2015, when he was whipped, and the authorities have not followed through with the remainder of his sentence. The only official reason given is that he had not recovered from the injuries he received. Much has happened in the eighteen months since: Badawi was moved to a prison that Saudi Arabia employs for its most famous or heinous prisoners; he has begun to suffer health problems that men in their early 30s do not usually suffer from and he never had, including respiratory distress; his name has become world-famous. As of today, 33 countries still legally use judicial corporal (physical) punishment. The majority are in Asia, Africa, and the Mideast. Most employ caning such as seen in Saudi Arabia; some still officially employ a cat o' nine tails, which is more fearsome. Most limit the use of this punishment to men, but not all do; some countries consider it a punishment for youths and limit its use to male children. Many whip women as well as men, children as well as adults. Prisoners of conscience are most certainly included in those punished by inflicting injury. Thoughts and words are considered so dangerous in some countries that physical punishment is inflicted. (Some would include the U.S. on this list. We certainly imprison people for writing things that officials consider aiding and abetting.) Raymond Johansen is an activist whose Twitter account lists several areas of activism: "Board: #PPI – #PPNO – #FreeAnons #FreeRaif | #IntelGroup | #Anonymous GLOBAL PIRATE ACTIVIST." He is one of many social media activists working to raise awareness about Raif Badawi and many, many other international prisoners of conscience. He is a front-line activist whose media accounts have been silenced by authorities on several occasions in my acquaintance with him. From my various online encounters with him, including interviews, he appears to not require things like sleep. He is also a torture survivor. In 2001, the then-35-year-old Norwegian was "kidnapped by masked men who must have thought that he was a police agent. He was attached to a wall with a belt around his neck and handcuffed—before he was beaten with a weapon and tortured for over eight hours the night of July 17." (A translation by Microsoft Bing from a Norwegian press account

[ 23359, 16229, 304, 278, 1492, 470, 670, 2814, 1321, 384, 793, 11183, 278, 1095, 29889, 940, 338, 27121, 297, 263, 1472, 29899, 29879, 17179, 1490, 528, 2728, 322, 1472, 282, 1934, 29889, 306, 1510, 372, 1244, 1449, 29889, 13, 3112, 338, 443, 552, 13186, 29936, 306, 6398, 306, 1033, 1207, 372, 408, 5192, 1030, 5086, 363, 1776, 414, 408, 372, 1818, 367, 363, 670, 6532, 29889, 11637, 445, 674, 29901, 540, 471, 2665, 9223, 304, 445, 322, 29871, 29896, 29929, 901, 1316, 508, 886, 363, 5007, 25260, 763, 445, 29901, 376, 29931, 12347, 284, 1608, 338, 2729, 373, 278, 6964, 310, 7333, 16082, 322, 3390, 363, 278, 3005, 287, 4835, 310, 4045, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 1048, 5478, 950, 20341, 749, 393, 338, 451, 29490, 491, 1399, 17678, 470, 766, 1639, 342, 29889, 450, 17750, 1788, 310, 26054, 1608, 338, 3061, 27967, 29889, 739, 1339, 17180, 16082, 297, 3528, 338, 1781, 322, 1736, 7113, 1781, 29889, 739, 1339, 17180, 278, 8760, 5304, 714, 310, 7928, 434, 29892, 322, 4868, 20414, 338, 263, 5613, 10298, 363, 5199, 537, 1213, 313, 3664, 697, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 7178, 723, 505, 22225, 1906, 3454, 515, 263, 12032, 13236, 1846, 2266, 338, 278, 4863, 29901, 13, 2951, 14711, 29892, 697, 3440, 13623, 29901, 376, 7058, 29915, 29879, 372, 8773, 2193, 29915, 29879, 263, 285, 21027, 28772, 1383, 277, 306, 505, 3595, 15029, 16646, 886, 491, 7902, 2185, 5866, 29892, 306, 723, 10932, 368, 11302, 7600, 30098, 29880, 324, 1213, 9070, 29892, 278, 29703, 310, 8471, 297, 263, 4234, 297, 607, 445, 3117, 338, 451, 385, 6221, 6035, 18310, 29889, 7280, 29901, 376, 14959, 29879, 763, 540, 338, 2805, 263, 1250, 4158, 482, 29889, 1724, 2924, 310, 285, 21027, 338, 445, 8773, 3026, 13, 17273, 272, 749, 947, 451, 27343, 592, 29936, 10894, 1218, 697, 29915, 29879, 16245, 749, 3041, 5338, 1078, 592, 29889, 13, 9984, 694, 10171, 29901, 285, 21027, 338, 16263, 545, 29892, 1584, 2466, 777, 10916, 437, 451, 2050, 372, 304, 367, 29889, 7634, 484, 493, 670, 470, 902, 22095, 29892, 263, 2022, 377, 16242, 411, 263, 16835, 4607, 674, 4459, 5476, 1372, 604, 21245, 322, 777, 310, 1438, 5476, 1372, 674, 769, 367, 5700, 1722, 411, 4340, 13031, 29879, 964, 263, 6668, 1486, 29892, 19950, 862, 519, 29892, 4158, 29889, 7753, 565, 278, 2022, 281, 969, 292, 278, 508, 29872, 14734, 304, 4772, 29425, 805, 1862, 901, 1135, 2748, 29892, 565, 540, 338, 3414, 287, 411, 12021, 292, 29871, 29945, 29900, 13031, 29879, 9098, 29892, 445, 338, 451, 28326, 1821, 29889, 10458, 1372, 674, 367, 7124, 6668, 1486, 29889, 1126, 565, 278, 2022, 281, 969, 292, 278, 508, 29872, 338, 451, 15661, 777, 13114, 8116, 2435, 404, 29892, 278, 28985, 674, 367, 28606, 29889, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 471, 28606, 373, 5490, 29871, 29929, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29892, 746, 540, 471, 377, 16242, 29892, 322, 278, 21142, 505, 451, 5643, 1549, 411, 278, 21162, 310, 670, 10541, 29889, 450, 871, 6221, 2769, 2183, 338, 393, 540, 750, 451, 24776, 515, 278, 10899, 14886, 540, 4520, 29889, 13, 29924, 987, 756, 9559, 297, 278, 29319, 9404, 7378, 1951, 29901, 350, 1114, 4353, 471, 6153, 304, 263, 8475, 393, 5701, 4749, 10387, 423, 3710, 417, 952, 363, 967, 1556, 13834, 470, 540, 262, 681, 22979, 29936, 540, 756, 23580, 304, 8812, 9045, 4828, 393, 1757, 297, 1009, 4688, 29871, 29941, 29900, 29879, 437, 451, 5491, 8812, 515, 322, 540, 2360, 750, 29892, 3704, 4613, 381, 7606, 1320, 1253, 29936, 670, 1024, 756, 4953, 3186, 29899, 29888, 314, 681, 29889, 13, 2887, 310, 9826, 29892, 29871, 29941, 29941, 10916, 1603, 2814, 635, 671, 6577, 5611, 17266, 284, 313, 14017, 936, 29897, 6035, 18310, 29889, 450, 13638, 526, 297, 14325, 29892, 10557, 29892, 322, 278, 341, 680, 579, 29889, 7849, 5703, 508, 292, 1316, 408, 3595, 297, 5701, 4749, 10387, 423, 29936, 777, 1603, 22444, 5703, 263, 6635, 288, 29915, 14183, 260, 2234, 29892, 607, 338, 901, 8866, 5372, 29889, 7849, 4046, 278, 671, 310, 445, 6035, 18310, 304, 1757, 29892, 541, 451, 599, 437, 29936, 777, 10916, 2050, 372, 263, 6035, 18310, 363, 12397, 29879, 322, 4046, 967, 671, 304, 14263, 4344, 29889, 9267, 377, 666, 5866, 408, 1532, 408, 1757, 29892, 4344, 408, 1532, 408, 16157, 29879, 29889, 13, 4040, 2285, 414, 310, 27688, 526, 1556, 8959, 5134, 297, 1906, 6035, 3276, 491, 3041, 506, 1259, 24092, 29889, 498, 1774, 29879, 322, 3838, 526, 5545, 577, 18215, 297, 777, 10916, 393, 9128, 6035, 18310, 338, 3041, 506, 9446, 29889, 313, 9526, 723, 3160, 278, 501, 29889, 29903, 29889, 373, 445, 1051, 29889, 1334, 8959, 29535, 2305, 363, 5007, 2712, 393, 24921, 2050, 263, 4821, 322, 633, 300, 1259, 1846, 13, 29934, 388, 8315, 1861, 29401, 338, 385, 5039, 391, 5069, 20147, 3633, 8857, 3196, 10161, 310, 5039, 1608, 29901, 376, 28397, 29901, 396, 29925, 2227, 785, 396, 18009, 6632, 785, 396, 20475, 2744, 787, 396, 20475, 29934, 29874, 361, 891, 396, 2928, 295, 4782, 891, 396, 2744, 11428, 402, 28902, 1964, 349, 8193, 3040, 319, 1783, 5667, 9047, 1213, 940, 338, 697, 310, 1784, 5264, 5745, 5039, 2879, 1985, 304, 12020, 3773, 8326, 404, 1048, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 322, 1784, 29892, 1784, 916, 6121, 22979, 310, 27688, 29889, 940, 338, 263, 4565, 29899, 1220, 5039, 391, 5069, 5745, 15303, 505, 1063, 4047, 9223, 491, 21142, 373, 3196, 26108, 297, 590, 19395, 749, 411, 1075, 29889, 3645, 590, 5164, 7395, 2094, 1309, 2153, 411, 1075, 29892, 3704, 1006, 7406, 29892, 540, 5692, 304, 451, 1996, 2712, 763, 8709, 29889, 13, 3868, 338, 884, 263, 16263, 545, 10503, 440, 272, 29889, 512, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29896, 29892, 278, 769, 29899, 29941, 29945, 29899, 6360, 29899, 1025, 27990, 471, 376, 29895, 333, 29876, 17280, 491, 11105, 287, 1757, 1058, 1818, 505, 2714, 393, 540, 471, 263, 10974, 10823, 29889, 940, 471, 10959, 304, 263, 10090, 411, 263, 1339, 29873, 2820, 670, 18873, 322, 1361, 29883, 3096, 287, 30003, 11083, 540, 471, 367, 2579, 411, 263, 28639, 322, 16263, 2955, 363, 975, 9475, 6199, 278, 4646, 310, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29955, 1213, 313, 29909, 13962, 491, 7783, 350, 292, 515, 263, 27990, 3965, 3633 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.735719

0.753359

1.057223

0.201495

.) The judge of the case described what he lived through as "severe sadistic torture." He was beaten by five men for eight hours straight. Thus, he did not volunteer his body for a caning in Trafalgar Square last August lightly. He was not asked to do this by others; instead, he came up with the idea himself for others. A friend in Anon UK Radio, Tony Cleneghan, administered the caning, and from the video, it does not look like he held back, even though from this hug, it looks like he may have wanted to: Just before it took place, The two men unfurled a #FreeRaif banner. Cleneghan started to hit Johansen. The first cane broke, and Cleneghan replaced it. A policeman interrupted to halt the protest. He seems unsure if this was a protest or performance. A crowd assembled. Johansen, dressed in a leather jacket with a Guy Fawkes mask on his sleeve and black jeans, appears steady and sure of himself while the beating is interrupted by the officer, but his comments immediately after the caning betray his confusion and his physical condition: "I'm in pain. Having flashbacks. [To his torture in 2001.] Uh. Ehhhhhand really not sure where I am in my torture chamber from 2001." It takes him a few moments. A day later he wrote, "Struggling as expected. It will take me some time to recover. But I'm ready to continue to work. Flashbacks and loads of pain. Muscles and tendons and welts." Despite his black jeans, his legs were covered in welts. Sixteen minutes into the video below, he shows the back of his right leg and Cleneghan shows the broken cane he used. Photographer Linda Bowyer took the images, including the one I used at the top of this column. We must remember that caning is torture, that Raif Badawi was officially and legally tortured on January 9 of 2015, that Raif Badawi was tortured by his nation's government for writing things, and that his nation tortured him because his nation imposes mandatory belief in one sect of one religion as a part of its public polity, which is the very definition of fundamentalism. "Secularism is the solution," Raif Badawi wrote after he was caned. Yes, it is. This is a re-write and update of a post from one year ago, "Tortured." Follow The Gad About Town on Facebook! Subscribe today for daily facts (well, trivia) about literature and history, plus links to other writers on Facebook. Follow The Gad About Town on Instagram! Goshen, NY, USA Thank you for sharing this via one of these wonderful services: caning is torture raif badawi Saudi Arabia Today in History: August 14 The Ghostly Writer likethelamp · August 16, 2016 I have appreciated beyond words your covering of these events. Your humanism, heart and keeping of the light has inspired me since I first heard of this whole awful situation. I felt I found a friend to share it with in your blog even though I am saying nothing. It is still shared pain and hope. Grateful for this post as much as all of them. Mark Aldrich · August 17, 2016 lifelessons · August 17, 2016 Ignorance does not anger me; celebrating one's ignorance infuriates me.–Exactly. Another well-written and well-informed piece, Mark. Thank you for keeping these painful truths in the public eye. Insach · August 17, 2016 I remember reading it last year and even today the idea of people comparing flogging with a back massage is as unfathomable as the whole concept of corporal punishment. Painful! Pingback: Tortured | The Gad About Town Pingback: 'How could the unpure possibly be of assistance to the holy?' | The Gad About Town Pingback: My Posts about Raif Badawi & Saudi Arabia | The Gad About Town Please comment here. Thank you, Mark. Cancel reply 195,013 reads since February 2014 Lonely Blogs https://blackbutterfly7.wordpress.com/2015/

[ 1846, 450, 16833, 310, 278, 1206, 5439, 825, 540, 10600, 1549, 408, 376, 344, 9359, 14610, 4695, 16263, 545, 1213, 13, 3868, 471, 367, 2579, 491, 5320, 1757, 363, 9475, 6199, 7812, 29889, 6549, 29892, 540, 1258, 451, 27886, 261, 670, 3573, 363, 263, 508, 292, 297, 323, 1929, 284, 5397, 19256, 1833, 3111, 3578, 368, 29889, 940, 471, 451, 4433, 304, 437, 445, 491, 4045, 29936, 2012, 29892, 540, 2996, 701, 411, 278, 2969, 3654, 363, 4045, 29889, 319, 5121, 297, 530, 265, 10261, 9204, 29892, 15293, 2233, 264, 387, 5403, 29892, 4113, 1531, 287, 278, 508, 292, 29892, 322, 515, 278, 4863, 29892, 372, 947, 451, 1106, 763, 540, 4934, 1250, 29892, 1584, 2466, 515, 445, 298, 688, 29892, 372, 3430, 763, 540, 1122, 505, 5131, 304, 29901, 13, 14084, 1434, 372, 3614, 2058, 29892, 450, 1023, 1757, 443, 22613, 839, 263, 396, 20475, 29934, 29874, 361, 289, 7310, 29889, 2233, 264, 387, 5403, 4687, 304, 7124, 1861, 29401, 29889, 450, 937, 508, 29872, 14455, 29892, 322, 2233, 264, 387, 5403, 8611, 372, 29889, 319, 13665, 11422, 27803, 304, 25212, 278, 10021, 29889, 940, 2444, 9644, 545, 565, 445, 471, 263, 10021, 470, 4180, 29889, 319, 19174, 24940, 29881, 29889, 1861, 29401, 29892, 27121, 297, 263, 454, 1624, 28015, 300, 411, 263, 15880, 383, 1450, 10794, 11105, 373, 670, 12844, 29872, 345, 322, 4628, 1444, 550, 29892, 5692, 27357, 322, 1854, 310, 3654, 1550, 278, 367, 1218, 338, 27803, 491, 278, 12139, 29892, 541, 670, 6589, 7389, 1156, 278, 508, 292, 1010, 764, 670, 14679, 322, 670, 9128, 4195, 29901, 376, 29902, 29915, 29885, 297, 6788, 29889, 15950, 11013, 1627, 29879, 29889, 518, 1762, 670, 16263, 545, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29896, 5586, 501, 29882, 29889, 382, 25446, 25446, 3179, 2289, 451, 1854, 988, 306, 626, 297, 590, 16263, 545, 24171, 515, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29896, 1213, 739, 4893, 1075, 263, 2846, 19462, 29889, 13, 29909, 2462, 2678, 540, 5456, 29892, 376, 5015, 12981, 1847, 408, 3806, 29889, 739, 674, 2125, 592, 777, 931, 304, 9792, 29889, 1205, 306, 29915, 29885, 7960, 304, 6773, 304, 664, 29889, 21967, 1627, 29879, 322, 15376, 310, 6788, 29889, 3077, 7799, 322, 10331, 787, 322, 5476, 1372, 1213, 19454, 670, 4628, 1444, 550, 29892, 670, 21152, 892, 10664, 297, 5476, 1372, 29889, 18372, 9404, 6233, 964, 278, 4863, 2400, 29892, 540, 3697, 278, 1250, 310, 670, 1492, 2814, 322, 2233, 264, 387, 5403, 3697, 278, 9391, 508, 29872, 540, 1304, 29889, 19040, 1946, 261, 365, 11054, 13432, 7598, 3614, 278, 4558, 29892, 3704, 278, 697, 306, 1304, 472, 278, 2246, 310, 445, 1897, 29889, 13, 4806, 1818, 6456, 393, 508, 292, 338, 16263, 545, 29892, 393, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 471, 22444, 322, 2814, 635, 16263, 2955, 373, 5490, 29871, 29929, 310, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29892, 393, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 471, 16263, 2955, 491, 670, 5233, 29915, 29879, 5874, 363, 5007, 2712, 29892, 322, 393, 670, 5233, 16263, 2955, 1075, 1363, 670, 5233, 7275, 267, 9619, 7606, 17750, 297, 697, 21149, 310, 697, 13433, 408, 263, 760, 310, 967, 970, 24694, 29892, 607, 338, 278, 1407, 5023, 310, 15281, 1608, 29889, 376, 7898, 1070, 1608, 338, 278, 1650, 1699, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 5456, 1156, 540, 471, 508, 287, 29889, 3869, 29892, 372, 338, 29889, 13, 4013, 338, 263, 337, 29899, 3539, 322, 2767, 310, 263, 1400, 515, 697, 1629, 8020, 29892, 376, 29911, 441, 2955, 1213, 13, 29943, 2952, 450, 402, 328, 13611, 8421, 373, 13327, 29991, 3323, 13086, 9826, 363, 14218, 17099, 313, 5872, 29892, 260, 1150, 423, 29897, 1048, 12845, 322, 4955, 29892, 2298, 2988, 304, 916, 23550, 373, 13327, 29889, 13, 29943, 2952, 450, 402, 328, 13611, 8421, 373, 2799, 14442, 29991, 13, 29954, 359, 3169, 29892, 23526, 29892, 8278, 13, 25271, 366, 363, 19383, 445, 3025, 697, 310, 1438, 20695, 5786, 29901, 13, 3068, 292, 338, 16263, 545, 1153, 361, 289, 1114, 4353, 5701, 4749, 10387, 423, 13, 29911, 397, 388, 297, 5298, 29901, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29946, 13, 1576, 28484, 368, 399, 5385, 13, 5081, 621, 295, 1160, 2880, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 13, 29902, 505, 7556, 8724, 3838, 596, 21653, 310, 1438, 4959, 29889, 3575, 5199, 1608, 29892, 5192, 322, 12515, 310, 278, 3578, 756, 20603, 592, 1951, 306, 937, 6091, 310, 445, 3353, 28893, 6434, 29889, 306, 7091, 306, 1476, 263, 5121, 304, 6232, 372, 411, 297, 596, 12618, 1584, 2466, 306, 626, 5934, 3078, 29889, 739, 338, 1603, 7258, 6788, 322, 4966, 29889, 1632, 22279, 363, 445, 1400, 408, 1568, 408, 599, 310, 963, 29889, 13, 9802, 18242, 4018, 2880, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 13, 29880, 361, 6393, 787, 2880, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 13, 17273, 272, 749, 947, 451, 27343, 592, 29936, 10894, 1218, 697, 29915, 29879, 16245, 749, 3041, 5338, 1078, 592, 29889, 29994, 1252, 23617, 29889, 7280, 1532, 29899, 17625, 322, 1532, 29899, 262, 15628, 8424, 29892, 4485, 29889, 3374, 366, 363, 12515, 1438, 6788, 1319, 8760, 29879, 297, 278, 970, 10977, 29889, 13, 797, 29879, 496, 2880, 3111, 29871, 29896, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 13, 29902, 6456, 5183, 372, 1833, 1629, 322, 1584, 9826, 278, 2969, 310, 2305, 17420, 285, 21027, 411, 263, 1250, 4158, 482, 338, 408, 29395, 493, 290, 519, 408, 278, 3353, 6964, 310, 17266, 284, 6035, 18310, 29889, 349, 475, 1319, 29991, 13, 29925, 292, 1627, 29901, 323, 441, 2955, 891, 450, 402, 328, 13611, 8421, 13, 29925, 292, 1627, 29901, 525, 5328, 1033, 278, 443, 29886, 545, 10075, 367, 310, 18872, 304, 278, 26630, 17901, 891, 450, 402, 328, 13611, 8421, 13, 29925, 292, 1627, 29901, 1619, 4918, 29879, 1048, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 669, 5701, 4749, 10387, 423, 891, 450, 402, 328, 13611, 8421, 13, 12148, 3440, 1244, 29889, 3374, 366, 29892, 4485, 29889, 1815, 2242, 8908, 13, 29896, 29929, 29945, 29892, 29900, 29896, 29941, 13623, 1951, 6339, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 13, 29931, 265, 873, 350, 20756, 13, 991, 597, 8517, 4187, 357, 17652, 29955, 29889, 23424, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29914 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

0.451786

-0.192726

0.124747

-0.436635

08/28/real-neat-blog-award/ http://macbofisbil.com/2015/08/23/premio-dardos-award-and-a-milestone/ http://katespencer17.com/2015/08/04/lovely-blog-award/ http://thereluctantbaptist.com/2015/06/18/award-hoard/ https://awordadventure.wordpress.com/2015/03/13/twenty-five-awards/ http://www.inspiringmax.com/celebrating/ http://1874firstimpressionistexhibition.wordpress.com/2014/10/09/the-liebster-award/ http://stepstimestwo.wordpress.com/2014/10/13/the-one-lovely-blog-award/ http://tidlidim.wordpress.com/2014/10/07/grouping-two-lovely-blog-awards-into-one/ http://thereluctantbaptist.com/2014/10/07/and-the-nominees-are/ http://ripplesnreflectiontimes.wordpress.com/2014/11/22/awards-and-rewards/ https://alotfromlydia.wordpress.com/awards/comment-page-1/#comment-1842 The Gad on Facebook The Gad About Town has been seen by 195,013 visitors since Feb. 2014 itchingforhitching Relax.. Against Class Bigotry Meghazine Moving On Up a Little Higher A Place for Everything...(everything in it's place). Florida COVID Victims Pandemic Stories Blogging Meetup Tote Unwined! Meredith Ireland - Author Arbie Krae The Molotov Cocktail G Day Blog The Rach-hole One Who Got Away A Two-Ton Hand-Me-Down Empty Branches on the Family Tree Tortured Follow The Gad About Town on WordPress.com Topics Select Category Activism (185) #BlackLivesMatter (6) #NativeLivesMatter (2) Ali Al-Nimr (6) Anonymous (17) Disability Rights (2) Hacktivism (19) Matt DeHart (2) Defining Dignity Initiative (1) Human Rights (140) #OpFOQ (5) Bahrain (2) Nabeel Rajab (1) Iran (4) Saudi Arabia (13) Samar Badawi (1) Journalism Is Not a Crime (37) Dawit Isaak (1) Shawkan (28) Raif Badawi (38) The Resistance (9) ICE (4) Blogging101 (107) Awards (12) Writing Challenge (84) Blogging201 (42) Culture (301) Art (29) Painting (16) Photography (4) Sculpture (6) Opus 40 in Saugerties, NY (3) bluestone (2) Comedy (19) Film (22) Internet (55) Fundraising Campaigns (4) Social Media (46) About.me (1) Facebook (11) Linkedin (2) Twitter (14) Literature (148) Fiction (23) Folklore (2) Journalism (9) Nonfiction (6) Poetry (68) Theater (22) Tribute Posters (3) Music (60) Performance (33) Radio (14) Magnificent Glass Pelican (1) Television (20) Current Events (122) Anonymous (3) Authoritarianism (9) coronavirus (17) Economy (3) IS (3) Politics (14) Campaign 2016 (6) Campaign 2020 (1) Daily Prompt (614) Blog Propellant (4) Fiction (2) Food (10) Candy (

[ 29900, 29947, 29914, 29906, 29947, 29914, 6370, 29899, 484, 271, 29899, 7312, 29899, 29874, 1328, 29914, 13, 1124, 597, 8628, 833, 29888, 275, 18152, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29914, 29900, 29947, 29914, 29906, 29941, 29914, 1457, 29885, 601, 29899, 29881, 538, 359, 29899, 29874, 1328, 29899, 392, 29899, 29874, 29899, 23853, 27744, 29914, 13, 1124, 597, 29895, 1078, 2238, 2265, 29896, 29955, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29914, 29900, 29947, 29914, 29900, 29946, 29914, 5590, 873, 29899, 7312, 29899, 29874, 1328, 29914, 13, 1124, 597, 721, 295, 5313, 424, 29890, 2156, 391, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29914, 29900, 29953, 29914, 29896, 29947, 29914, 29874, 1328, 29899, 1251, 538, 29914, 13, 991, 597, 1450, 536, 328, 794, 545, 29889, 23424, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29945, 29914, 29900, 29941, 29914, 29896, 29941, 29914, 7516, 6478, 29899, 20818, 29899, 29874, 2935, 29914, 13, 1124, 597, 1636, 29889, 262, 1028, 8491, 3317, 29889, 510, 29914, 346, 280, 1182, 1218, 29914, 13, 1124, 597, 29896, 29947, 29955, 29946, 4102, 326, 2590, 2488, 29916, 6335, 654, 29889, 23424, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29914, 29896, 29900, 29914, 29900, 29929, 29914, 1552, 29899, 3197, 29890, 2475, 29899, 29874, 1328, 29914, 13, 1124, 597, 10568, 303, 326, 342, 827, 29889, 23424, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29914, 29896, 29900, 29914, 29896, 29941, 29914, 1552, 29899, 650, 29899, 5590, 873, 29899, 7312, 29899, 29874, 1328, 29914, 13, 1124, 597, 17681, 29880, 333, 326, 29889, 23424, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29914, 29896, 29900, 29914, 29900, 29955, 29914, 2972, 292, 29899, 10184, 29899, 5590, 873, 29899, 7312, 29899, 29874, 2935, 29899, 8941, 29899, 650, 29914, 13, 1124, 597, 721, 295, 5313, 424, 29890, 2156, 391, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29914, 29896, 29900, 29914, 29900, 29955, 29914, 392, 29899, 1552, 29899, 11522, 457, 267, 29899, 598, 29914, 13, 1124, 597, 374, 407, 793, 29876, 999, 1464, 3706, 29889, 23424, 29889, 510, 29914, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 29914, 29896, 29896, 29914, 29906, 29906, 29914, 29874, 2935, 29899, 392, 29899, 276, 2935, 29914, 13, 991, 597, 284, 327, 3166, 368, 15321, 29889, 23424, 29889, 510, 29914, 29874, 2935, 29914, 9342, 29899, 3488, 29899, 29896, 8484, 9342, 29899, 29896, 29947, 29946, 29906, 13, 1576, 402, 328, 373, 13327, 13, 1576, 402, 328, 13611, 8421, 756, 1063, 3595, 491, 13, 29896, 29929, 29945, 29892, 29900, 29896, 29941, 26824, 1951, 26319, 29889, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 13, 2335, 292, 1454, 29882, 2335, 292, 13, 9662, 1165, 636, 13, 14769, 475, 303, 4134, 7997, 327, 719, 13, 29924, 387, 29882, 8985, 13, 29924, 21081, 1551, 5020, 263, 11143, 5057, 261, 13, 29909, 15484, 363, 17296, 856, 29898, 17991, 1918, 297, 372, 29915, 29879, 2058, 467, 13, 29943, 5095, 1458, 19937, 7229, 9893, 13, 23684, 24552, 624, 3842, 13, 29933, 21027, 2191, 300, 786, 13, 29911, 866, 853, 29893, 1312, 29991, 13, 29924, 14561, 389, 12126, 448, 13361, 13, 1433, 10993, 19387, 29872, 13, 1576, 10750, 327, 586, 315, 1698, 18237, 13, 29954, 8373, 350, 1188, 13, 1576, 23647, 29899, 29716, 13, 6716, 11644, 15992, 319, 1582, 13, 29909, 7803, 29899, 29911, 265, 5166, 29899, 6816, 29899, 6767, 13, 8915, 25889, 267, 373, 278, 14662, 15472, 13, 29911, 441, 2955, 13, 29943, 2952, 450, 402, 328, 13611, 8421, 373, 10803, 10923, 29889, 510, 13, 7031, 1199, 7605, 17943, 21775, 1608, 313, 29896, 29947, 29945, 29897, 396, 18700, 29931, 3145, 29924, 2620, 313, 29953, 29897, 396, 11024, 29931, 3145, 29924, 2620, 313, 29906, 29897, 10785, 838, 29899, 29940, 326, 29878, 313, 29953, 29897, 530, 11428, 313, 29896, 29955, 29897, 3295, 3097, 26863, 313, 29906, 29897, 379, 547, 29873, 440, 1608, 313, 29896, 29929, 29897, 9811, 897, 29950, 442, 313, 29906, 29897, 5282, 2827, 360, 647, 537, 512, 4812, 1230, 313, 29896, 29897, 12968, 26863, 313, 29896, 29946, 29900, 29897, 396, 11746, 5800, 29984, 313, 29945, 29897, 15174, 6038, 313, 29906, 29897, 405, 4302, 295, 15496, 370, 313, 29896, 29897, 14883, 313, 29946, 29897, 5701, 4749, 10387, 423, 313, 29896, 29941, 29897, 3685, 279, 350, 1114, 4353, 313, 29896, 29897, 8237, 1608, 1317, 2216, 263, 29682, 313, 29941, 29955, 29897, 29461, 277, 19899, 557, 313, 29896, 29897, 28548, 11052, 313, 29906, 29947, 29897, 6981, 361, 350, 1114, 4353, 313, 29941, 29947, 29897, 450, 2538, 21558, 313, 29929, 29897, 306, 4741, 313, 29946, 29897, 350, 21027, 29896, 29900, 29896, 313, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29897, 9220, 313, 29896, 29906, 29897, 28676, 27211, 313, 29947, 29946, 29897, 350, 21027, 29906, 29900, 29896, 313, 29946, 29906, 29897, 14062, 313, 29941, 29900, 29896, 29897, 3012, 313, 29906, 29929, 29897, 349, 475, 1259, 313, 29896, 29953, 29897, 19040, 5275, 313, 29946, 29897, 317, 1810, 415, 545, 313, 29953, 29897, 6461, 375, 29871, 29946, 29900, 297, 317, 2987, 814, 583, 29892, 23526, 313, 29941, 29897, 1999, 16139, 650, 313, 29906, 29897, 422, 7584, 313, 29896, 29929, 29897, 4643, 313, 29906, 29906, 29897, 4685, 313, 29945, 29945, 29897, 13249, 336, 5921, 7259, 8729, 29879, 313, 29946, 29897, 10307, 8213, 313, 29946, 29953, 29897, 13611, 29889, 1004, 313, 29896, 29897, 13327, 313, 29896, 29896, 29897, 28547, 262, 313, 29906, 29897, 20147, 313, 29896, 29946, 29897, 5449, 1535, 313, 29896, 29946, 29947, 29897, 383, 2463, 313, 29906, 29941, 29897, 8301, 6321, 487, 313, 29906, 29897, 8237, 1608, 313, 29929, 29897, 10050, 29888, 2463, 313, 29953, 29897, 3929, 27184, 313, 29953, 29947, 29897, 16150, 313, 29906, 29906, 29897, 323, 2666, 4918, 414, 313, 29941, 29897, 6125, 313, 29953, 29900, 29897, 23768, 313, 29941, 29941, 29897, 9204, 313, 29896, 29946, 29897, 19975, 928, 296, 402, 605, 15549, 2185, 313, 29896, 29897, 22417, 313, 29906, 29900, 29897, 9626, 28488, 313, 29896, 29906, 29906, 29897, 530, 11428, 313, 29941, 29897, 13361, 3673, 713, 1608, 313, 29929, 29897, 25082, 485, 22693, 313, 29896, 29955, 29897, 12884, 29891, 313, 29941, 29897, 8519, 313, 29941, 29897, 6934, 1199, 313, 29896, 29946, 29897, 7259, 8729, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29953, 313, 29953, 29897, 7259, 8729, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29900, 313, 29896, 29897, 23331, 9705, 415, 313, 29953, 29896, 29946, 29897, 350, 1188, 18264, 514, 424, 313, 29946, 29897, 383, 2463, 313, 29906, 29897, 25453, 313, 29896, 29900, 29897, 315, 13910, 313 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-1.072486

-2.213378

-1.546537

-1.673685

Pieter "Piet" Schrijvers (* 15. Dezember 1946 in Jutphaas, heute zu Nieuwegein, Niederlande; † 7. September 2022 in Ermelo) war ein niederländischer Fußballspieler. Karriere Im Alter von 16 Jahren begann der Torhüter Piet Schrijvers seine Karriere beim Fußballverein Hollandia Victoria Combinatie (HVC) aus Amersfoort, die zu diesem Zeitpunkt in der dritthöchsten Profiliga der Niederlande spielte – der Tweede Divisie. 1965 wurde er vom damals amtierenden niederländischen Vizemeister Amsterdamsche FC DWS verpflichtet, wo er hinter Jan Jongbloed als zweiter Torhüter zum Einsatz kam. Dort kam er zu etwa 40 Pflichtspieleinsätzen. 1968 wechselte er zum FC Twente Enschede und ging 1973 zum amtierenden Europapokalsieger der Landesmeister Ajax Amsterdam. Bereits bei Twente avancierte er 1971 zum niederländischen Nationalspieler und gehörte zum Aufgebot von Bondscoach Rinus Michels für die Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft 1974 in Deutschland. Dieser vertraute jedoch bei diesem Turnier dem sechs Jahre älteren Jan Jongbloed. Erst bei der Fußball-Europameisterschaft 1976 stand Schrijvers als Stammtorhüter bei einem Turnier zwischen den Pfosten der Niederlande. Bei der Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft 1978 in Argentinien wechselte der neue Bondscoach Ernst Happel zwischen Jongbloed und Schrijvers. Schrijvers ersetzte nach der Vorrunde Jongbloed, verletzte sich aber im letzten Spiel der Zwischenrunde. So kam er zwar auf seine ersten WM-Einsätze, verpasste aber erneut das Finale, das seine Mannschaft gegen Argentinien mit 1:3 nach Verlängerung verlor. Jongbloed bestritt sein zweites Finale hintereinander, beide wurden gegen den Gastgeber verloren. Bei der Fußball-Europameisterschaft 1980 in Italien war er endgültig die unumstrittene Nummer eins der Niederländer, scheiterte aber in der Gruppenphase an Deutschland. Klaus Allofs erzielte bei der 2:3-Niederlage seiner Mannschaft drei Tore gegen Schrijvers. Schrijvers spielte noch bis 1983 bei Ajax Amsterdam und wechselte dann zum PEC Zwolle, wo er 1985 seine Karriere beendete. In der Nationalmannschaft spielte er noch bis 1984 und brachte es auf insgesamt 46 Länderspiele. Nach seiner aktiven Laufbahn trainierte Schrijvers zunächst einige Amateurvereine und kurzzeitig Proficlubs wie die PSV Eindhoven oder die Nationalmannschaft von Saudi-Arabien. In den Niederlanden war der 100-kg-Mann Schrijvers als De beer van De Meer (Der Bär vom De Meer) bekannt. Auch bei seinen weiteren Stationen als Spieler in Zwolle oder als Trainer erhielt der bullige blonde Torhüter diverse Beinamen als Lek van PEC (Das Leck von PEC) und Bolle van Zwolle (Der Bulle von Zwolle). Titel Niederländischer Meister (5): 1976/77, 1978/79, 1979/80, 1981/82, 1982/83 Niederländischer Pokalsieger (2): 1979, 1983 Weltmeisterschaften: Zweiter WM 1974 (kein Einsatz), Zweiter WM 1978 (3 Spiele, kein Tor) Einzelnachweise Fußballnationaltorhüter (Niederlande) Fußballtorhüter (FC Twente Enschede) Fußballtorhüter (Ajax Amsterdam) Fußballtorhüter (PEC Zwolle) Fußballtrainer (AZ Alkmaar) Fußballtrainer (PEC Zwolle) Teilnehmer an einer Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft (Niederlande) Teilnehmer an einer Fußball-Europameisterschaft (Niederlande) Niederländer Geboren

[ 7362, 1308, 376, 29925, 2035, 29908, 1102, 4927, 874, 3070, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29889, 7860, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29953, 297, 435, 329, 2026, 294, 29892, 12843, 1729, 19166, 7262, 387, 21084, 29892, 16501, 28328, 29936, 6700, 29871, 29955, 29889, 3839, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29906, 297, 1425, 29885, 7078, 29897, 1370, 1011, 23634, 16442, 3208, 23491, 29889, 13, 13, 24115, 15920, 29871, 13, 13, 1888, 20561, 1005, 29871, 29896, 29953, 30081, 29967, 21446, 16019, 589, 4794, 29882, 29993, 357, 14929, 1102, 4927, 874, 6676, 22257, 10005, 13739, 22655, 20262, 423, 14212, 422, 2109, 9474, 313, 29950, 8257, 29897, 1770, 1913, 414, 1181, 441, 29892, 762, 1729, 12909, 5347, 19294, 297, 589, 270, 768, 386, 29997, 305, 3510, 23202, 4324, 589, 16501, 28328, 18681, 30081, 29994, 589, 27637, 2742, 4910, 24453, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29945, 1931, 604, 3961, 28740, 626, 29873, 631, 2162, 23634, 16442, 1679, 478, 466, 2004, 1531, 17399, 5955, 7992, 30081, 29928, 7811, 1147, 7810, 10881, 300, 29892, 8879, 604, 22013, 2627, 435, 549, 14073, 287, 1620, 4753, 1524, 4794, 29882, 29993, 357, 3356, 23175, 9286, 29889, 19845, 9286, 604, 1729, 10218, 29871, 29946, 29900, 30081, 29925, 29888, 10881, 1028, 9152, 1144, 3003, 2256, 29889, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29947, 25017, 604, 3356, 7992, 30081, 27418, 2016, 1174, 816, 2742, 563, 12773, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29941, 3356, 626, 29873, 631, 2162, 6032, 481, 554, 1338, 347, 914, 589, 10089, 11331, 21586, 17399, 29889, 13143, 1169, 2862, 8168, 2016, 1029, 8463, 24983, 604, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29896, 3356, 23634, 16442, 1679, 3086, 14594, 563, 19976, 3356, 4322, 4310, 327, 1005, 350, 13788, 1111, 496, 390, 13419, 3375, 1379, 1865, 762, 13739, 29899, 29956, 2152, 28110, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29946, 297, 10450, 29889, 24727, 4837, 336, 1082, 9901, 2862, 12909, 9603, 631, 1261, 23320, 7095, 21044, 357, 264, 2627, 435, 549, 14073, 287, 29889, 20329, 2862, 589, 13739, 29899, 29923, 4131, 420, 1531, 2809, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29953, 2317, 1102, 4927, 874, 1620, 624, 314, 4378, 272, 29882, 29993, 357, 2862, 4093, 9603, 631, 7831, 972, 10022, 10935, 589, 16501, 28328, 29889, 13, 13, 3629, 29875, 589, 13739, 29899, 29956, 2152, 28110, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29947, 297, 9385, 262, 819, 25017, 589, 16828, 350, 13788, 1111, 496, 15969, 379, 932, 295, 7831, 435, 549, 14073, 287, 563, 1102, 4927, 874, 29889, 1102, 4927, 874, 17730, 6618, 371, 2644, 589, 6266, 582, 17720, 435, 549, 14073, 287, 29892, 1147, 1026, 8832, 2160, 6126, 527, 21202, 7842, 589, 24527, 582, 17720, 29889, 1105, 9286, 604, 26979, 1622, 6676, 9372, 29783, 29899, 29923, 1144, 22445, 29892, 1147, 18182, 1655, 6126, 27818, 1697, 29518, 29892, 1697, 6676, 21404, 6927, 9385, 262, 819, 1380, 29871, 29896, 29901, 29941, 2644, 23739, 13655, 686, 22355, 29889, 435, 549, 14073, 287, 1900, 12123, 2757, 4753, 3246, 29518, 22013, 21084, 3825, 29892, 23847, 5448, 6927, 972, 18406, 29492, 22355, 264, 29889, 10632, 589, 13739, 29899, 29923, 4131, 420, 1531, 2809, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29900, 297, 23977, 1370, 604, 1095, 29887, 12100, 335, 762, 443, 398, 710, 16097, 29872, 11848, 1050, 1011, 29879, 589, 16501, 29880, 13178, 29892, 21014, 1524, 371, 6126, 297, 589, 5430, 7785, 21646, 385, 10450, 29889, 24041, 838, 417, 5847, 604, 17894, 371, 2862, 589, 29871, 29906, 29901, 29941, 29899, 29940, 4474, 6184, 6540, 21404, 9697, 323, 487, 6927, 1102, 4927, 874, 29889, 13, 13, 4504, 4927, 874, 18681, 5440, 2652, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29941, 2862, 21586, 17399, 563, 25017, 7885, 3356, 349, 11206, 30081, 29999, 24437, 280, 29892, 8879, 604, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29945, 6676, 22257, 367, 355, 2650, 29889, 512, 589, 3086, 26306, 18681, 604, 5440, 2652, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29946, 563, 4105, 10948, 831, 1622, 26696, 30081, 29946, 29953, 365, 3140, 414, 29886, 9152, 29889, 3975, 6540, 11305, 5428, 29208, 11121, 7945, 5423, 1102, 4927, 874, 16891, 19774, 1913, 7289, 9359, 457, 563, 24268, 27570, 6175, 293, 29880, 23954, 4031, 762, 349, 7597, 30081, 29923, 513, 29882, 9813, 4461, 762, 3086, 26306, 1005, 5701, 4749, 29899, 29909, 4201, 819, 29889, 13, 13, 797, 972, 16501, 1049, 264, 1370, 589, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 29899, 9415, 29899, 29924, 812, 1102, 4927, 874, 1620, 897, 367, 261, 1109, 897, 2191, 261, 313, 15383, 350, 1215, 3961, 897, 2191, 261, 29897, 13633, 29889, 14307, 2862, 10316, 24632, 12039, 264, 1620, 25789, 297, 12017, 324, 280, 4461, 1620, 3201, 4983, 14312, 589, 289, 913, 2231, 1999, 13469, 4794, 29882, 29993, 357, 16984, 1522, 262, 5071, 1620, 951, 29895, 1109, 349, 11206, 313, 29928, 294, 951, 384, 1005, 349, 11206, 29897, 563, 8922, 280, 1109, 12017, 324, 280, 313, 15383, 8313, 280, 1005, 12017, 324, 280, 467, 13, 13, 29911, 7454, 29871, 13, 16501, 16442, 3208, 15763, 313, 29945, 1125, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29953, 29914, 29955, 29955, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29947, 29914, 29955, 29929, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29929, 29914, 29947, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29896, 29914, 29947, 29906, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29906, 29914, 29947, 29941, 13, 16501, 16442, 3208, 21747, 1338, 347, 914, 313, 29906, 1125, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29929, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29941, 13, 7633, 11331, 12627, 29901, 9647, 1524, 29783, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29946, 313, 446, 262, 23175, 511, 9647, 1524, 29783, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29947, 313, 29941, 1706, 9152, 29892, 23943, 4794, 29897, 13, 13, 29923, 262, 29920, 3478, 496, 4506, 29871, 13, 13, 29943, 5002, 2135, 29876, 1288, 7345, 29882, 29993, 357, 313, 29940, 4474, 28328, 29897, 13, 29943, 5002, 2135, 7345, 29882, 29993, 357, 313, 8610, 8168, 2016, 1174, 816, 2742, 29897, 13, 29943, 5002, 2135, 7345, 29882, 29993, 357, 313, 29909, 6487, 17399, 29897, 13, 29943, 5002, 2135, 7345, 29882, 29993, 357, 313, 4162, 29907, 12017, 324, 280, 29897, 13, 29943, 5002, 2135, 3018, 4983, 313, 29909, 29999, 838, 29895, 655, 279, 29897, 13, 29943, 5002, 2135, 3018, 4983, 313, 4162, 29907, 12017, 324, 280, 29897, 13, 7141, 309, 23450, 385, 3422, 13739, 29899, 29956, 2152, 28110, 313, 29940, 4474, 28328, 29897, 13, 7141, 309, 23450, 385, 3422, 13739, 29899, 29923, 4131, 420, 1531, 2809, 313, 29940, 4474, 28328, 29897, 13, 29940, 4474, 29880, 13178, 13, 29954, 774, 8085, 29871 ]

1,024

Wikipedia

-0.512771

-0.520904

0.03035

-1.180383

You could have heard that Alaska is a single of the most highly-priced locations in the nation. Even though that's commonly correct, the great news is that Anchorage get pleasure from the lowest expense-of-living price in the state. As an example, it costs roughly $122 per week to feed a loved ones of four in Anchorage. And when speaking about price of living, it is critical to note that keeping a higher high-quality of life in Anchorage is drastically much less high priced than in other states. Alaska is a excellent location to raise a household for the reason that there are fields and parks everywhere with access to dozens of low-cost activities. Bottom line, the very best components of Alaska are entirely absolutely free! Anchorage is a unified residence rule municipality in the south central part of the United States, Alaska. It is the 64th-largest city and northernmost main city in the United States. It is Alaska's biggest city and constitutes extra than 40 % of the state's total population. It has been named All-America City four instances, in 1956, 1965, 1984/1985 and 2002, by the National Civic League. Anchorage has also been named by Kiplinger as the most tax friendly city in the United States. Getting a property in Anchorage is effortless. There's plenty of inventory. Anchorage and Fairbanks supply a diverse housing inventory ranging from condos to luxury houses, and it is surprisingly cost-effective. If you're looking for a house in Anchorage, expect to spend about $265,000 for a two,000-square-foot, three-bedroom household, or $185,000 for a 1,500-square-foot condo. If you happen to be willing to commute outdoors of Anchorage, $300,000 will probably get a 3,000-square-foot residence on an acre or a lot more of land providing plenty of solitude. If you are seeking for a place in the million-dollar variety, you're on track to discover your dream home such as plenty of acreage, extraordinary views and additional than ample square footage. The identical cost in other metropolitan cities would barely get you a 2,000-square-foot, 3-bedroom dwelling. No matter if you are hunting to construct, rent, or obtain, there is a lot of opportunity acquiring a home in Anchorage Alaska. Anchorage also offer range of profession and professional growth possibilities as opposed to several areas in the Reduce 48. You are going to be delighted to hear that winters in Anchorage are milder than Chicago simply because the city sits on the ocean and during summer season, interior temperatures normally hits 80 degrees and mainly because of Anchorage's geographical place, summer days are really lengthy and winter daylight hours are incredibly short. Points could be a bit stressful when you plan to build your own property as properly as produce your personal design and style. Even so, if you want to replicate an Art Decoo, European, or classical old planet architecture, you have to have to collect photographs of homes and their interiors. Luxury houses are quite effortless to dress up when you have all the concepts into images. The architecture and interior style of luxury homes are the purest types of expressions that represent the personality, life-style, and desires of the people living in the property. It is at times considered equivalent to a painting or sculpting. Folks show their personal creativity and the architects and interior decorators total it with finesse. As you can see, most luxury houses in gated golf course communities show a range of distinctive craftsmanship you can't come across in other areas. The architectural design and style of the custom estates is a very simple proof of a person's constant try and drive to show inspired art. The purpose is normally to blend creativity with passion and function such as the vast interior spaces with balustrades and grand entries. If you go to the rich and well-known villas, you can watch with awe the flowing floor plans, retreating glass walls, and the ergonomic gourmet kitchen. All were custom built to be fashionable but functional. True luxury properties are normally a function of passion, need, life style, and personality. Virtually all spaces were created to satisfy and uplift

[ 887, 1033, 505, 6091, 393, 838, 16191, 338, 263, 2323, 310, 278, 1556, 10712, 29899, 558, 7612, 14354, 297, 278, 5233, 29889, 7753, 2466, 393, 29915, 29879, 15574, 1959, 29892, 278, 2107, 9763, 338, 393, 530, 305, 6022, 679, 15377, 515, 278, 19604, 1518, 1947, 29899, 974, 29899, 29880, 4357, 8666, 297, 278, 2106, 29889, 1094, 385, 1342, 29892, 372, 21544, 20928, 395, 29896, 29906, 29906, 639, 4723, 304, 8343, 263, 18012, 6743, 310, 3023, 297, 530, 305, 6022, 29889, 1126, 746, 13590, 1048, 8666, 310, 8471, 29892, 372, 338, 12187, 304, 4443, 393, 12515, 263, 6133, 1880, 29899, 29567, 310, 2834, 297, 530, 305, 6022, 338, 4192, 579, 1711, 1568, 3109, 1880, 544, 7612, 1135, 297, 916, 5922, 29889, 838, 16191, 338, 263, 15129, 4423, 304, 12020, 263, 22329, 363, 278, 2769, 393, 727, 526, 4235, 322, 610, 2039, 16978, 411, 2130, 304, 437, 29920, 575, 310, 4482, 29899, 18253, 14188, 29889, 350, 3570, 1196, 29892, 278, 1407, 1900, 7117, 310, 838, 16191, 526, 9186, 13312, 3889, 29991, 13, 2744, 305, 6022, 338, 263, 443, 2164, 25488, 5751, 21511, 297, 278, 7062, 6555, 760, 310, 278, 3303, 3900, 29892, 838, 16191, 29889, 739, 338, 278, 29871, 29953, 29946, 386, 29899, 27489, 342, 4272, 322, 14622, 3242, 1667, 4272, 297, 278, 3303, 3900, 29889, 739, 338, 838, 16191, 29915, 29879, 24842, 4272, 322, 20016, 2667, 4805, 1135, 29871, 29946, 29900, 1273, 310, 278, 2106, 29915, 29879, 3001, 4665, 29889, 739, 756, 1063, 4257, 2178, 29899, 29048, 4412, 3023, 8871, 29892, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29945, 29953, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29953, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29946, 29914, 29896, 29929, 29947, 29945, 322, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29906, 29892, 491, 278, 3086, 315, 440, 293, 5165, 29889, 530, 305, 6022, 756, 884, 1063, 4257, 491, 16540, 572, 5621, 408, 278, 1556, 8818, 19780, 4272, 297, 278, 3303, 3900, 29889, 13, 2577, 1259, 263, 2875, 297, 530, 305, 6022, 338, 7225, 2222, 29889, 1670, 29915, 29879, 20947, 310, 11817, 706, 29889, 530, 305, 6022, 322, 13822, 29890, 1331, 11421, 263, 16984, 27261, 11817, 706, 364, 9776, 515, 2148, 359, 304, 21684, 2857, 12955, 29892, 322, 372, 338, 26800, 368, 3438, 29899, 15987, 573, 29889, 960, 366, 29915, 276, 3063, 363, 263, 3699, 297, 530, 305, 6022, 29892, 2149, 304, 18864, 1048, 395, 29906, 29953, 29945, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 363, 263, 1023, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 29899, 17619, 29899, 6661, 29892, 2211, 29899, 2580, 8345, 22329, 29892, 470, 395, 29896, 29947, 29945, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 363, 263, 29871, 29896, 29892, 29945, 29900, 29900, 29899, 17619, 29899, 6661, 378, 1867, 29889, 960, 366, 3799, 304, 367, 17762, 304, 844, 1082, 714, 1867, 943, 310, 530, 305, 6022, 29892, 395, 29941, 29900, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 674, 3117, 679, 263, 29871, 29941, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 29899, 17619, 29899, 6661, 25488, 373, 385, 263, 1037, 470, 263, 3287, 901, 310, 2982, 13138, 20947, 310, 899, 4279, 29889, 960, 366, 526, 25738, 363, 263, 2058, 297, 278, 7284, 29899, 29881, 26810, 12875, 29892, 366, 29915, 276, 373, 5702, 304, 6523, 596, 12561, 3271, 1316, 408, 20947, 310, 263, 1037, 482, 29892, 28163, 8386, 322, 5684, 1135, 626, 552, 6862, 3661, 482, 29889, 450, 13557, 3438, 297, 916, 25311, 8929, 14368, 723, 16079, 368, 679, 366, 263, 29871, 29906, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 29899, 17619, 29899, 6661, 29892, 29871, 29941, 29899, 2580, 8345, 24013, 292, 29889, 1939, 4383, 565, 366, 526, 29826, 304, 3386, 29892, 23990, 29892, 470, 4017, 29892, 727, 338, 263, 3287, 310, 15130, 10695, 8491, 263, 3271, 297, 530, 305, 6022, 838, 16191, 29889, 13, 2744, 305, 6022, 884, 5957, 3464, 310, 6351, 322, 10257, 14321, 24496, 408, 15869, 304, 3196, 10161, 297, 278, 4367, 24551, 29871, 29946, 29947, 29889, 887, 526, 2675, 304, 367, 15319, 287, 304, 8293, 393, 13851, 29879, 297, 530, 305, 6022, 526, 2316, 672, 1135, 10059, 3763, 1363, 278, 4272, 269, 1169, 373, 278, 23474, 322, 2645, 11801, 4259, 29892, 13290, 6238, 3698, 12891, 19572, 29871, 29947, 29900, 14496, 322, 14364, 1363, 310, 530, 305, 6022, 29915, 29879, 1737, 19711, 2058, 29892, 11801, 3841, 526, 2289, 3309, 29891, 322, 13851, 2462, 4366, 6199, 526, 29811, 14981, 3273, 29889, 13, 20325, 1033, 367, 263, 2586, 22884, 1319, 746, 366, 3814, 304, 2048, 596, 1914, 2875, 408, 6284, 408, 7738, 596, 7333, 2874, 322, 3114, 29889, 7753, 577, 29892, 565, 366, 864, 304, 1634, 5926, 385, 3012, 3826, 3634, 29892, 7824, 29892, 470, 14499, 2030, 15754, 11258, 29892, 366, 505, 304, 505, 304, 6314, 17739, 29879, 310, 17774, 322, 1009, 1006, 18930, 29889, 18624, 2857, 12955, 526, 3755, 7225, 2222, 304, 10714, 701, 746, 366, 505, 599, 278, 22001, 964, 4558, 29889, 450, 11258, 322, 13290, 3114, 310, 21684, 2857, 17774, 526, 278, 3708, 342, 4072, 310, 12241, 393, 2755, 278, 2022, 2877, 29892, 2834, 29899, 3293, 29892, 322, 553, 2658, 310, 278, 2305, 8471, 297, 278, 2875, 29889, 739, 338, 472, 3064, 5545, 7126, 304, 263, 20413, 470, 17039, 292, 29889, 8301, 2039, 1510, 1009, 7333, 907, 28157, 322, 278, 6956, 29879, 322, 13290, 10200, 4097, 3001, 372, 411, 1436, 5340, 29889, 13, 2887, 366, 508, 1074, 29892, 1556, 21684, 2857, 12955, 297, 330, 630, 29416, 3236, 23507, 1510, 263, 3464, 310, 8359, 573, 25554, 3844, 550, 4034, 366, 508, 29915, 29873, 2041, 4822, 297, 916, 10161, 29889, 450, 6956, 3631, 2874, 322, 3114, 310, 278, 2888, 707, 1078, 338, 263, 1407, 2560, 5296, 310, 263, 2022, 29915, 29879, 4868, 1018, 322, 7899, 304, 1510, 20603, 1616, 29889, 450, 6437, 338, 12891, 304, 1999, 355, 907, 28157, 411, 15935, 322, 740, 1316, 408, 278, 13426, 13290, 8162, 411, 6411, 4627, 3076, 322, 4595, 9976, 29889, 960, 366, 748, 304, 278, 8261, 322, 1532, 29899, 5203, 4213, 294, 29892, 366, 508, 6505, 411, 263, 705, 278, 4972, 292, 11904, 13900, 29892, 22162, 1218, 12917, 14603, 29892, 322, 278, 23682, 4917, 293, 330, 473, 2527, 29181, 29889, 2178, 892, 2888, 4240, 304, 367, 13460, 519, 541, 13303, 29889, 5852, 21684, 2857, 4426, 526, 12891, 263, 740, 310, 15935, 29892, 817, 29892, 2834, 3114, 29892, 322, 2022, 2877, 29889, 478, 2728, 1474, 599, 8162, 892, 2825, 304, 15523, 322, 318, 572, 2027 ]

1,024

C4

0.51292

-0.966206

-0.094026

-0.329437

One Day In Kraków: 17 Things To Do With 24 Hours In Kraków Only have one day in Kraków? Here is what to do If you only have one day in Kraków, one of the best ways to enjoy the city is by taking a tour of Kraków's Old Town and Royal Road. When Kraków was the royal capital of Poland from the 14th to 16th centuries, this historic street was used for many important events including coronation processions, royal funerals, weddings, and for foreign envoys. The route runs from the old Medieval walls near St. Florian's Gate in the north, through the Old Town, and finally to Wawel Cathedral in the south. Most of Kraków's must see sights can be found by walking along the Royal Road, making it perfect for those with only 24 hours in Kraków. 1 – Planty By the early 19th century, the old defensive walls surrounding the city were in disrepair as Kraków began to expand and modernize. Emperor Franz I of Austro-Hungary ordered the medieval city walls to be dismantled, the towers to be removed, and the moats to be filled in. Fortunately, the Barbican and Florian's Gate were spared destruction. The defensive walls were replaced with gardens, fountains, walkways, and statues, part of an urban development project. Today, this green belt is known as the Planty, a 4 milometer (2.5 mile) park which encircles the entire Old Town of Kraków. The world Planty comes from the Polish word plantovac which means "flat." If you have the time, a great way to enjoy Kraków is by walking the entire park which circles the entire Old Town. This pleasant walk, which takes at least two hours to fully appreciate, will take you through some of the quieter parts of Kraków. While you will encounter some tourists with guidebook and camera in hand, you are more likely to encounter street musicians, locals walking their dogs, and couples holding hands. 2 – Kraków Barbican and the Old City Walls The imposing Kraków Barbican (Barbakan Krakowski) is located just north of Old Town (Stare Miasto). This round fortified defensive outpost provided extra security along the city walls and protected weaker points along the wall, for example, where there were gates. This Barbican is one of only three remaining defensive outposts in Europe with Kraków Barbican being the best preserved. Kraków Barbican was built in a Gothic-style at the end of the 15th century. The red brick and stone tower has a diameter of 25 meters (82 feet) with walls that are 3 meters (9.8 feet) wide at its base and 0.5 meters (1.6 feet) wide at the top. Its walls feature 130 narrow defensive slots known as embrasures which were used by archers or gunners to attack invaders. 3 – Grunwald Monument The Grunwald Monument (Pomnik Grunwaldzki) is an equestrian statue monument located in the center of Matejko Square just north of the Barbican. Matejko Square honors the 500th anniversary of the Battle of Grunwald. The Battle of Grumwald, which occurred on July 15, 1410, was one of the most important battles in Poland's history. During the battle, soldiers from Poland and Lithuania fought together to defeat the Teutonic Knights, a group of German crusaders brought to Poland as mercenaries. The bronze and granite Grunwald Monument was designed by two Polish sculptors, Antoni Wiwulski and Franciszek Black. On July 15, 1910, 500 years to the day after the Battle of Grumwald, the monument was revealed to the public. During World War II, the monument was destroyed by German soldiers. It was not until 1976 that the monument was reconstructed based on original plans. The Grunwald Monument is 24 meters (78.7 feet) tall. At the top is an equestrian statue of King Władysław Jagiełło, the King of Poland from 1377 to 1381. The king holds a bridle in his left hand and his sword in his right hand. Standing just below the king is a statue of Vytautas the Great, the Grand Duke of Lithuania. Just below Vytautas

[ 3118, 8373, 512, 22544, 2165, 29901, 29871, 29896, 29955, 28706, 1763, 1938, 2973, 29871, 29906, 29946, 379, 2470, 512, 22544, 2165, 13, 11730, 505, 697, 2462, 297, 22544, 2165, 29973, 2266, 338, 825, 304, 437, 13, 3644, 366, 871, 505, 697, 2462, 297, 22544, 2165, 29892, 697, 310, 278, 1900, 5837, 304, 13389, 278, 4272, 338, 491, 5622, 263, 6282, 310, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 8198, 8421, 322, 7021, 9321, 29889, 1932, 22544, 2165, 471, 278, 15150, 7483, 310, 18898, 515, 278, 29871, 29896, 29946, 386, 304, 29871, 29896, 29953, 386, 21726, 29892, 445, 22879, 11952, 471, 1304, 363, 1784, 4100, 4959, 3704, 25082, 362, 1889, 1080, 29892, 15150, 2090, 261, 1338, 29892, 14837, 29881, 886, 29892, 322, 363, 9117, 427, 1365, 952, 29889, 13, 1576, 5782, 6057, 515, 278, 2030, 3436, 16837, 14603, 2978, 624, 29889, 6953, 713, 29915, 29879, 22510, 297, 278, 6641, 29892, 1549, 278, 8198, 8421, 29892, 322, 7146, 304, 399, 1450, 295, 315, 21471, 297, 278, 7062, 29889, 7849, 310, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 1818, 1074, 269, 5861, 508, 367, 1476, 491, 22049, 3412, 278, 7021, 9321, 29892, 3907, 372, 4922, 363, 1906, 411, 871, 29871, 29906, 29946, 6199, 297, 22544, 2165, 29889, 13, 29896, 785, 18058, 29891, 13, 2059, 278, 4688, 29871, 29896, 29929, 386, 6462, 29892, 278, 2030, 822, 6270, 14603, 18830, 278, 4272, 892, 297, 766, 3445, 1466, 408, 22544, 2165, 4689, 304, 7985, 322, 5400, 675, 29889, 18075, 11694, 306, 310, 3330, 307, 29899, 29950, 686, 653, 10372, 278, 27690, 4272, 14603, 304, 367, 766, 29885, 424, 839, 29892, 278, 304, 17538, 304, 367, 6206, 29892, 322, 278, 2730, 1446, 304, 367, 10423, 297, 29889, 7236, 348, 2486, 29892, 278, 21826, 2185, 322, 6953, 713, 29915, 29879, 22510, 892, 805, 1965, 22104, 29889, 13, 1576, 822, 6270, 14603, 892, 8611, 411, 17161, 575, 29892, 285, 792, 2708, 29892, 6686, 1994, 29892, 322, 1002, 1041, 29892, 760, 310, 385, 17164, 5849, 2060, 29889, 20628, 29892, 445, 7933, 1339, 29873, 338, 2998, 408, 278, 18058, 29891, 29892, 263, 29871, 29946, 2316, 8328, 313, 29906, 29889, 29945, 17967, 29897, 14089, 607, 2094, 381, 7799, 278, 4152, 8198, 8421, 310, 22544, 2165, 29889, 450, 3186, 18058, 29891, 5304, 515, 278, 19919, 1734, 8024, 586, 562, 607, 2794, 376, 20620, 1213, 13, 3644, 366, 505, 278, 931, 29892, 263, 2107, 982, 304, 13389, 22544, 2165, 338, 491, 22049, 278, 4152, 14089, 607, 22558, 278, 4152, 8198, 8421, 29889, 910, 21246, 6686, 29892, 607, 4893, 472, 3203, 1023, 6199, 304, 8072, 11188, 29892, 674, 2125, 366, 1549, 777, 310, 278, 1750, 1308, 5633, 310, 22544, 2165, 29889, 5806, 366, 674, 11735, 777, 6282, 2879, 411, 10754, 2909, 322, 10656, 297, 1361, 29892, 366, 526, 901, 5517, 304, 11735, 11952, 2301, 14722, 29892, 1180, 1338, 22049, 1009, 26361, 29892, 322, 3581, 2701, 13587, 6567, 29889, 13, 29906, 785, 22544, 2165, 21826, 2185, 322, 278, 8198, 4412, 399, 4293, 13, 1576, 7275, 292, 22544, 2165, 21826, 2185, 313, 4297, 29890, 557, 273, 22544, 11716, 29897, 338, 5982, 925, 6641, 310, 8198, 8421, 313, 855, 598, 341, 3173, 517, 467, 910, 4513, 5162, 2164, 822, 6270, 714, 2490, 4944, 4805, 6993, 3412, 278, 4272, 14603, 322, 6364, 591, 5790, 3291, 3412, 278, 10090, 29892, 363, 1342, 29892, 988, 727, 892, 29341, 29889, 910, 21826, 2185, 338, 697, 310, 871, 2211, 9886, 822, 6270, 714, 14080, 297, 4092, 411, 22544, 2165, 21826, 2185, 1641, 278, 1900, 21634, 29889, 13, 29968, 4442, 2165, 21826, 2185, 471, 4240, 297, 263, 22883, 293, 29899, 3293, 472, 278, 1095, 310, 278, 29871, 29896, 29945, 386, 6462, 29889, 450, 2654, 28645, 322, 12565, 19372, 756, 263, 24235, 310, 29871, 29906, 29945, 27881, 313, 29947, 29906, 6900, 29897, 411, 14603, 393, 526, 29871, 29941, 27881, 313, 29929, 29889, 29947, 6900, 29897, 9377, 472, 967, 2967, 322, 29871, 29900, 29889, 29945, 27881, 313, 29896, 29889, 29953, 6900, 29897, 9377, 472, 278, 2246, 29889, 8011, 14603, 4682, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29900, 12474, 822, 6270, 2243, 1862, 2998, 408, 953, 15863, 1973, 607, 892, 1304, 491, 3190, 414, 470, 330, 5963, 414, 304, 5337, 2437, 24574, 29889, 13, 29941, 785, 1632, 348, 18370, 23542, 13, 1576, 1632, 348, 18370, 23542, 313, 29925, 290, 5585, 1632, 348, 18370, 29920, 1984, 29897, 338, 385, 321, 1119, 6392, 24870, 13849, 5982, 297, 278, 4818, 310, 29566, 29926, 2901, 19256, 925, 6641, 310, 278, 21826, 2185, 29889, 29566, 29926, 2901, 19256, 4207, 943, 278, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29900, 386, 6957, 27547, 310, 278, 12788, 310, 1632, 348, 18370, 29889, 450, 12788, 310, 1632, 398, 18370, 29892, 607, 10761, 373, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29896, 29900, 29892, 471, 697, 310, 278, 1556, 4100, 8957, 793, 297, 18898, 29915, 29879, 4955, 29889, 7133, 278, 10555, 29892, 13936, 515, 18898, 322, 27620, 29884, 4807, 20722, 4208, 304, 20653, 278, 1920, 329, 8927, 8360, 5861, 29892, 263, 2318, 310, 5332, 2181, 375, 24574, 6296, 304, 18898, 408, 2778, 10278, 4314, 29889, 13, 1576, 18449, 322, 3803, 568, 1632, 348, 18370, 23542, 471, 8688, 491, 1023, 19919, 17039, 943, 29892, 5774, 29875, 399, 9429, 352, 2574, 322, 5845, 11907, 6054, 29889, 1551, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29896, 29900, 29892, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29900, 2440, 304, 278, 2462, 1156, 278, 12788, 310, 1632, 398, 18370, 29892, 278, 13849, 471, 17845, 304, 278, 970, 29889, 7133, 2787, 3362, 1944, 29892, 278, 13849, 471, 14416, 491, 5332, 13936, 29889, 739, 471, 451, 2745, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29953, 393, 278, 13849, 471, 337, 11433, 287, 2729, 373, 2441, 13900, 29889, 13, 1576, 1632, 348, 18370, 23542, 338, 29871, 29906, 29946, 27881, 313, 29955, 29947, 29889, 29955, 6900, 29897, 15655, 29889, 2180, 278, 2246, 338, 385, 321, 1119, 6392, 24870, 310, 4088, 399, 8650, 952, 8479, 24423, 347, 30006, 5600, 29892, 278, 4088, 310, 18898, 515, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29955, 29955, 304, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29947, 29896, 29889, 450, 6989, 8640, 263, 28635, 280, 297, 670, 2175, 1361, 322, 670, 22378, 297, 670, 1492, 1361, 29889, 6679, 292, 925, 2400, 278, 6989, 338, 263, 24870, 310, 478, 29891, 941, 329, 294, 278, 7027, 29892, 278, 6265, 13484, 310, 27620, 29884, 4807, 29889, 3387, 2400, 478, 29891, 941, 329, 294 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.234299

-0.028638

1.769132

1.225413

is a statue depicting a slain Ulrich von Jungingen, the Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights. On the back of the monument is a statue of a peasant removing his shackles. On the left side is a Lithuanian warrior blowing a horn while walking with a captured Teutonic knight. And, on the right side, is a Polish knight and page collecting Teutonic banners. 4 – St. Florian's Gate (Brama Floriańska) This impressive rectangular gate, named after Saint Florian, is known as St. Florian's Gate (Brama Floriańska). It is one of the most notable and iconic Gothic towers in all of Poland and an important cultural icon of Kraków's Old Town. The tower measures in at 33.5 meters (109.9 feet) tall. St. Florian's Gate was built in 1307. The gate was part of the new city defenses which surrounded Kraków. At its height of existence, the city wall featured 17 towers, 47 watchtowers, and eight gates including this one. This was the main entryway into the Old Town. Those who wished to enter the Old Town would first have to pass through the Barbican, walk across a drawbridge over the town moat, then finally pass through St. Florian's Gate. Stand in front of the gate on its northern side and look halfway up the tower. It is here where you will find a crowned white eagle. This eagle, a historic symbol of Poland, represents the courage and freedom of the Poles. Inside the gate is a small chapel with a replica of Black Madonna of Częstochowa (Czarna Madonna or Matka Boska Częstochowska), the "Queen Protector of Poland." Polish Catholics consider this to be their most important religious symbol. The original statue is located 112 kilometers (70 miles) to the north in Czestochowska. About halfway up the tower, on its southern side, is a statue of Saint Florian who was adopted as patron saint of Poland in 1184. He is also the patron saint of the fire brigade as fire was a big concern in medieval Kraków when buildings were constructed of wood. 5 – Floriańska Street (Ulica Floriańska) One of the most famous streets in Old Town Kraków is Floriańska Street (Ulica Floriańska) or St. Florian's Street. Floriańska Street, which dates back to 1257, runs for 335 meters (1,099 feet) from St. Florian's Gate to Main Market Square. There are currently 51 numbered buildings lining Floriańska Street. Here you will find an odd mix of historic kamienica-style buildings (brick or stone residential buildings), international fast food chains, shops, restaurants, hotels, and museums. At #45 is Kawiarnia Jama Michalika (Jama Michalika Cafe). At the turn of the 20th century, this dark cafe was a local hangout of the Młoda Polska (Young Poland) movement, which popularized Art Nouveau in Poland. A block further at #20 is Staropolskie Trunki, one of the best spots in town to sample affordable Polish vodka and mulled wine. While the amount of local vodkas and liquors behind the bar can be overwhelming for first time visitors to Poland, the friendly and knowledgeable lady behind the bar will explain everything to help you find that perfect drink. Hungry? Well, then you are in luck. You can find it all here. Polish restaurants, international fast food chains, pizza shops, and kebab windows. Some of these shops sell zapiekanka, an open-face sandwich topped with a wide variety of ingredients. I think of it as a Polish-French pizza. Another local specialty is obwarzanek krakowski, a ring-shaped bread that is boiled then baked until the crust is golden brown and crunchy while the inside is moist. The old fashioned blue carts selling fresh obwarzanek krakowski are easy to spot on Floriańska Street. 6 – Main Market Square (Rynek Główny) You are now standing in one of world's most magnificent squares. This is the Main Market Square (Rynek Główny), the heart of Kraków since the

[ 338, 263, 24870, 1401, 919, 292, 263, 269, 7420, 29732, 1005, 20260, 4289, 29892, 278, 6265, 9082, 310, 278, 1920, 329, 8927, 8360, 5861, 29889, 1551, 278, 1250, 310, 278, 13849, 338, 263, 24870, 310, 263, 1236, 13186, 11077, 670, 528, 547, 793, 29889, 1551, 278, 2175, 2625, 338, 263, 27620, 12323, 713, 1370, 13479, 13031, 292, 263, 25341, 1550, 22049, 411, 263, 15468, 1920, 329, 8927, 889, 523, 29889, 1126, 29892, 373, 278, 1492, 2625, 29892, 338, 263, 19919, 889, 523, 322, 1813, 6314, 292, 1920, 329, 8927, 289, 812, 414, 29889, 13, 29946, 785, 624, 29889, 6953, 713, 29915, 29879, 22510, 313, 29933, 20556, 2379, 4108, 27123, 29897, 13, 4013, 21210, 573, 7705, 6825, 12417, 29892, 4257, 1156, 4107, 6953, 713, 29892, 338, 2998, 408, 624, 29889, 6953, 713, 29915, 29879, 22510, 313, 29933, 20556, 2379, 4108, 27123, 467, 739, 338, 697, 310, 278, 1556, 18697, 322, 9849, 293, 22883, 293, 304, 17538, 297, 599, 310, 18898, 322, 385, 4100, 16375, 9849, 310, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 8198, 8421, 29889, 450, 19372, 15366, 297, 472, 29871, 29941, 29941, 29889, 29945, 27881, 313, 29896, 29900, 29929, 29889, 29929, 6900, 29897, 15655, 29889, 13, 855, 29889, 6953, 713, 29915, 29879, 22510, 471, 4240, 297, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29900, 29955, 29889, 450, 12417, 471, 760, 310, 278, 716, 4272, 822, 11259, 607, 22047, 22544, 2165, 29889, 2180, 967, 3171, 310, 10379, 29892, 278, 4272, 10090, 15000, 29871, 29896, 29955, 304, 17538, 29892, 29871, 29946, 29955, 6505, 29873, 340, 414, 29892, 322, 9475, 29341, 3704, 445, 697, 29889, 13, 4013, 471, 278, 1667, 6251, 1582, 964, 278, 8198, 8421, 29889, 16025, 1058, 20024, 304, 3896, 278, 8198, 8421, 723, 937, 505, 304, 1209, 1549, 278, 21826, 2185, 29892, 6686, 4822, 263, 4216, 18419, 975, 278, 4726, 2730, 271, 29892, 769, 7146, 1209, 1549, 624, 29889, 6953, 713, 29915, 29879, 22510, 29889, 13, 11042, 297, 4565, 310, 278, 12417, 373, 967, 14622, 2625, 322, 1106, 4203, 1582, 701, 278, 19372, 29889, 739, 338, 1244, 988, 366, 674, 1284, 263, 20844, 287, 4796, 321, 20860, 29889, 910, 321, 20860, 29892, 263, 22879, 5829, 310, 18898, 29892, 11524, 278, 19872, 322, 16082, 310, 278, 2043, 267, 29889, 13, 797, 2975, 278, 12417, 338, 263, 2319, 10708, 295, 411, 263, 1634, 10123, 310, 6054, 26432, 310, 15185, 30023, 303, 2878, 5604, 313, 29907, 29920, 11441, 26432, 470, 5345, 1335, 10211, 1335, 15185, 30023, 303, 2878, 340, 4621, 511, 278, 376, 8654, 264, 14409, 2801, 310, 18898, 1213, 19919, 315, 6347, 1199, 2050, 445, 304, 367, 1009, 1556, 4100, 12962, 5829, 29889, 450, 2441, 24870, 338, 5982, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29906, 20052, 2699, 313, 29955, 29900, 7800, 29897, 304, 278, 6641, 297, 15185, 342, 2878, 340, 4621, 29889, 13, 28173, 4203, 1582, 701, 278, 19372, 29892, 373, 967, 14841, 2625, 29892, 338, 263, 24870, 310, 4107, 6953, 713, 1058, 471, 16356, 408, 18259, 22635, 310, 18898, 297, 29871, 29896, 29896, 29947, 29946, 29889, 940, 338, 884, 278, 18259, 22635, 310, 278, 3974, 16724, 1943, 408, 3974, 471, 263, 4802, 5932, 297, 27690, 22544, 2165, 746, 13814, 892, 13319, 310, 8112, 29889, 13, 29945, 785, 2379, 4108, 27123, 7103, 313, 29965, 10123, 2379, 4108, 27123, 29897, 13, 6716, 310, 278, 1556, 13834, 19756, 297, 8198, 8421, 22544, 2165, 338, 2379, 4108, 27123, 7103, 313, 29965, 10123, 2379, 4108, 27123, 29897, 470, 624, 29889, 6953, 713, 29915, 29879, 7103, 29889, 2379, 4108, 27123, 7103, 29892, 607, 10116, 1250, 304, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29945, 29955, 29892, 6057, 363, 29871, 29941, 29941, 29945, 27881, 313, 29896, 29892, 29900, 29929, 29929, 6900, 29897, 515, 624, 29889, 6953, 713, 29915, 29879, 22510, 304, 4241, 28794, 19256, 29889, 13, 8439, 526, 5279, 29871, 29945, 29896, 1353, 287, 13814, 301, 2827, 2379, 4108, 27123, 7103, 29889, 2266, 366, 674, 1284, 385, 7736, 6837, 310, 22879, 9286, 819, 983, 29899, 3293, 13814, 313, 1182, 860, 470, 12565, 20201, 616, 13814, 511, 6121, 5172, 9687, 521, 2708, 29892, 528, 3554, 29892, 12374, 1934, 29892, 7375, 1379, 29892, 322, 19133, 29879, 29889, 13, 4178, 396, 29946, 29945, 338, 476, 1450, 29875, 2753, 423, 435, 3304, 3375, 284, 4106, 313, 29967, 3304, 3375, 284, 4106, 9243, 1725, 467, 2180, 278, 2507, 310, 278, 29871, 29906, 29900, 386, 6462, 29892, 445, 6501, 5777, 1725, 471, 263, 1887, 13958, 449, 310, 278, 341, 30006, 8887, 2043, 4621, 313, 3492, 865, 18898, 29897, 10298, 29892, 607, 5972, 1891, 3012, 405, 6223, 585, 297, 18898, 29889, 13, 29909, 2908, 4340, 472, 396, 29906, 29900, 338, 7828, 13242, 3941, 1605, 348, 1984, 29892, 697, 310, 278, 1900, 805, 1862, 297, 4726, 304, 4559, 21750, 519, 19919, 325, 397, 1335, 322, 15065, 839, 19006, 29889, 5806, 278, 5253, 310, 1887, 325, 397, 29895, 294, 322, 15617, 943, 5742, 278, 2594, 508, 367, 975, 1332, 295, 4056, 363, 937, 931, 26824, 304, 18898, 29892, 278, 19780, 322, 7134, 519, 11379, 5742, 278, 2594, 674, 5649, 4129, 304, 1371, 366, 1284, 393, 4922, 13748, 29889, 13, 29950, 348, 14793, 29973, 5674, 29892, 769, 366, 526, 297, 9885, 29889, 887, 508, 1284, 372, 599, 1244, 29889, 19919, 12374, 1934, 29892, 6121, 5172, 9687, 521, 2708, 29892, 282, 24990, 528, 3554, 29892, 322, 413, 774, 370, 5417, 29889, 3834, 310, 1438, 528, 3554, 19417, 13792, 11718, 18330, 29892, 385, 1722, 29899, 2161, 11982, 16416, 304, 2986, 411, 263, 9377, 12875, 310, 2348, 1127, 10070, 29889, 306, 1348, 310, 372, 408, 263, 19919, 29899, 29943, 4615, 282, 24990, 29889, 7280, 1887, 4266, 1017, 338, 704, 4495, 24912, 1416, 413, 4442, 11716, 29892, 263, 9228, 29899, 845, 10501, 18423, 393, 338, 1045, 2356, 769, 289, 12535, 2745, 278, 2181, 504, 338, 22843, 17354, 322, 2181, 3322, 29891, 1550, 278, 2768, 338, 2730, 391, 29889, 450, 2030, 13460, 287, 7254, 274, 5708, 269, 7807, 10849, 704, 4495, 24912, 1416, 413, 4442, 11716, 526, 4780, 304, 9758, 373, 2379, 4108, 27123, 7103, 29889, 13, 29953, 785, 4241, 28794, 19256, 313, 29934, 29891, 6750, 402, 30006, 10973, 29891, 29897, 13, 3492, 526, 1286, 13407, 297, 697, 310, 3186, 29915, 29879, 1556, 29154, 296, 25256, 29889, 910, 338, 278, 4241, 28794, 19256, 313, 29934, 29891, 6750, 402, 30006, 10973, 29891, 511, 278, 5192, 310, 22544, 2165, 1951, 278, 29871 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.182675

-0.341972

1.70099

0.582856

13th century. At 40,000 square metres (430,556 square feet), this is the largest medieval town square in all of Europe. Main Market Square has changed little over the centuries which is surrounded by historic townhouses, churches, restaurants, and sights of interests. Dominating this square are many points of interest including St. Mary's Basilica, the Cloth Hall, and the Town Hall Tower. In the past, the square has been used for special events, markets, celebrations, festivals, and public executions. At any time of the year, you are bound to find something going on. During World War II, much of Kraków including the square were saved from destruction. Kraków, with its Germanic roots, was considered a sacred city. While the Germans destroyed any symbol of Polish culture, they decided to save the city of Kraków from total destruction. In between St. Mary's Basilica and the Cloth Hall is a modern fountain and glass pyramid. Located beneath this spot is the Rynek Underground Museum which opened in September, 2010 after a major excavation of the area behind the square. Visitors to this popular museum can learn the complete history of Kraków from its first inhabitants until the death of Pope John Paul II. Not far from the fountain, in the middle of the square in front of the Cloth Hall, is a statue of Adam Mickiewicz. Mickiewicz (1798-1855) is considered to be Poland's greatest poet. He is best known for Dziady (Forefathers' Eve) and Pan Tadeusz, considered to be one of the greatest works of Polish literature. He is burried in Wawel Cathedral. If you are in the mood for a drink, then you could always take a seat at one of the restaurants or cafes lining the square where you can try Polish beer (pivo), vodka (wódka), or coffee. The views can't be beat. If you are worried about the prices, no need to worry. For the location, the prices are very affordable compared to other European cities. 7 – St. Mary's Basilica (Kościół Mariacki) One of the most iconic sights in all of Poland is St. Mary's Basilica (Kościół Mariacki), with its two towers, located on the Main Market Square in the heart of Old Town Kraków. Technically, St. Mary's Basilica only has one tower. The shorter tower on the right is part of the church. The taller tower on the left is a watchtower. A church has stood on this spot since the early 13th century. The original St. Mary's Basilica was founded here around 1220. During the Tatar invasion of Poland in 1241, the basilica was destroyed. The Gothic church as seen today was rebuilt on its foundations starting around the 14th century. The church was consecrated in 1320. According to legend, during the Tatar invasion a soldier standing guard inside the watchtower alerted the city of the invading Mongols by playing his trumpet. Before the sentry could finish his tune, he was shot in throat by an arrow. Today, every hour, on the hour, a trumpeter plays the same tune known as Hejnał Mariacki or St. Mary's Trumpet Call from the same tower. The noon performance is even played on national Polish radio. 8 – Cloth Hall (Sukiennice) Located at the center of Kraków's main square is the iconic Cloth Hall (Sukiennice) which has been an UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1978. A trading hall has been located here since the 13th century during the Middle Ages, making it one of the oldest shopping halls in the world. During this period, cloth sellers would meet here to sell their goods. In the 14th century, Kazimierz the Great turned the hall into a permanent structure. During the golden age of the 15th century, merchants sold not only cloth but exotic imports from the east including spices, silk, and leather. In 1555, the market hall was destroyed by a fire. Not long after, reconstruction on a new hall began. The new Cloth Hall was designed in an Italian Renaissance style, a vision of King Sigismund the Old and his wife Queen Bona Sforza.

[ 29896, 29941, 386, 6462, 29889, 2180, 29871, 29946, 29900, 29892, 29900, 29900, 29900, 6862, 17963, 313, 29946, 29941, 29900, 29892, 29945, 29945, 29953, 6862, 6900, 511, 445, 338, 278, 10150, 27690, 4726, 6862, 297, 599, 310, 4092, 29889, 4241, 28794, 19256, 756, 3939, 2217, 975, 278, 21726, 607, 338, 22047, 491, 22879, 4726, 29882, 23676, 29892, 26014, 29892, 12374, 1934, 29892, 322, 269, 5861, 310, 20017, 29889, 13298, 1218, 445, 6862, 526, 1784, 3291, 310, 4066, 3704, 624, 29889, 6182, 29915, 29879, 4886, 309, 983, 29892, 278, 2233, 720, 6573, 29892, 322, 278, 8421, 6573, 23615, 29889, 13, 797, 278, 4940, 29892, 278, 6862, 756, 1063, 1304, 363, 4266, 4959, 29892, 2791, 1691, 29892, 10894, 800, 29892, 29482, 1338, 29892, 322, 970, 8225, 29879, 29889, 2180, 738, 931, 310, 278, 1629, 29892, 366, 526, 3216, 304, 1284, 1554, 2675, 373, 29889, 7133, 2787, 3362, 1944, 29892, 1568, 310, 22544, 2165, 3704, 278, 6862, 892, 7160, 515, 22104, 29889, 22544, 2165, 29892, 411, 967, 5332, 293, 16778, 29892, 471, 5545, 263, 26546, 4272, 29889, 5806, 278, 7287, 550, 14416, 738, 5829, 310, 19919, 9257, 29892, 896, 8459, 304, 4078, 278, 4272, 310, 22544, 2165, 515, 3001, 22104, 29889, 13, 797, 1546, 624, 29889, 6182, 29915, 29879, 4886, 309, 983, 322, 278, 2233, 720, 6573, 338, 263, 5400, 285, 792, 475, 322, 12917, 11451, 2572, 333, 29889, 5976, 630, 19540, 445, 9758, 338, 278, 15586, 6750, 7634, 2057, 6838, 607, 6496, 297, 3839, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29900, 1156, 263, 4655, 5566, 485, 362, 310, 278, 4038, 5742, 278, 6862, 29889, 5741, 17259, 304, 445, 5972, 19133, 508, 5110, 278, 4866, 4955, 310, 22544, 2165, 515, 967, 937, 19681, 2745, 278, 4892, 310, 20635, 2259, 3739, 1944, 29889, 13, 3664, 2215, 515, 278, 285, 792, 475, 29892, 297, 278, 7256, 310, 278, 6862, 297, 4565, 310, 278, 2233, 720, 6573, 29892, 338, 263, 24870, 310, 11783, 341, 860, 646, 5175, 29889, 341, 860, 646, 5175, 313, 29896, 29955, 29929, 29947, 29899, 29896, 29947, 29945, 29945, 29897, 338, 5545, 304, 367, 18898, 29915, 29879, 14176, 9821, 29889, 940, 338, 1900, 2998, 363, 360, 2526, 3714, 313, 29943, 487, 29888, 19467, 29915, 382, 345, 29897, 322, 6518, 323, 1943, 10958, 29892, 5545, 304, 367, 697, 310, 278, 14176, 1736, 310, 19919, 12845, 29889, 940, 338, 6866, 1255, 297, 399, 1450, 295, 315, 21471, 29889, 13, 3644, 366, 526, 297, 278, 286, 2092, 363, 263, 13748, 29892, 769, 366, 1033, 2337, 2125, 263, 12949, 472, 697, 310, 278, 12374, 1934, 470, 274, 2142, 267, 301, 2827, 278, 6862, 988, 366, 508, 1018, 19919, 367, 261, 313, 29886, 4243, 511, 325, 397, 1335, 313, 29893, 4431, 1335, 511, 470, 26935, 29889, 450, 8386, 508, 29915, 29873, 367, 16646, 29889, 960, 366, 526, 6365, 1255, 1048, 278, 26094, 29892, 694, 817, 304, 15982, 29889, 1152, 278, 4423, 29892, 278, 26094, 526, 1407, 21750, 519, 9401, 304, 916, 7824, 14368, 29889, 13, 29955, 785, 624, 29889, 6182, 29915, 29879, 4886, 309, 983, 313, 29968, 29877, 30045, 2617, 30006, 6217, 22736, 29897, 13, 6716, 310, 278, 1556, 9849, 293, 269, 5861, 297, 599, 310, 18898, 338, 624, 29889, 6182, 29915, 29879, 4886, 309, 983, 313, 29968, 29877, 30045, 2617, 30006, 6217, 22736, 511, 411, 967, 1023, 304, 17538, 29892, 5982, 373, 278, 4241, 28794, 19256, 297, 278, 5192, 310, 8198, 8421, 22544, 2165, 29889, 8364, 1711, 29892, 624, 29889, 6182, 29915, 29879, 4886, 309, 983, 871, 756, 697, 19372, 29889, 450, 20511, 19372, 373, 278, 1492, 338, 760, 310, 278, 6586, 29889, 450, 260, 12572, 19372, 373, 278, 2175, 338, 263, 6505, 29873, 1680, 29889, 13, 29909, 6586, 756, 8389, 373, 445, 9758, 1951, 278, 4688, 29871, 29896, 29941, 386, 6462, 29889, 450, 2441, 624, 29889, 6182, 29915, 29879, 4886, 309, 983, 471, 11091, 1244, 2820, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29906, 29900, 29889, 7133, 278, 323, 14873, 28425, 310, 18898, 297, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29946, 29896, 29892, 278, 2362, 309, 983, 471, 14416, 29889, 450, 22883, 293, 6586, 408, 3595, 9826, 471, 337, 16145, 373, 967, 1476, 800, 6257, 2820, 278, 29871, 29896, 29946, 386, 6462, 29889, 450, 6586, 471, 11888, 29878, 630, 297, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29906, 29900, 29889, 13, 7504, 3278, 304, 15983, 29892, 2645, 278, 323, 14873, 28425, 263, 20767, 13407, 8372, 2768, 278, 6505, 29873, 1680, 6655, 287, 278, 4272, 310, 278, 2437, 9382, 21952, 3775, 491, 8743, 670, 534, 3427, 300, 29889, 10949, 278, 2665, 719, 1033, 8341, 670, 260, 1540, 29892, 540, 471, 10322, 297, 20961, 271, 491, 385, 16578, 29889, 20628, 29892, 1432, 7234, 29892, 373, 278, 7234, 29892, 263, 534, 3427, 1308, 13582, 278, 1021, 260, 1540, 2998, 408, 940, 27983, 30006, 6217, 22736, 470, 624, 29889, 6182, 29915, 29879, 27504, 300, 8251, 515, 278, 1021, 19372, 29889, 450, 694, 265, 4180, 338, 1584, 5318, 373, 4797, 19919, 7155, 29889, 13, 29947, 785, 2233, 720, 6573, 313, 29903, 2679, 819, 16533, 29897, 13, 3524, 630, 472, 278, 4818, 310, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 1667, 6862, 338, 278, 9849, 293, 2233, 720, 6573, 313, 29903, 2679, 819, 16533, 29897, 607, 756, 1063, 385, 8291, 2890, 3217, 2787, 25635, 10781, 1951, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29947, 29889, 13, 29909, 3534, 292, 12713, 756, 1063, 5982, 1244, 1951, 278, 29871, 29896, 29941, 386, 6462, 2645, 278, 14253, 319, 2710, 29892, 3907, 372, 697, 310, 278, 23947, 17394, 3262, 298, 4293, 297, 278, 3186, 29889, 7133, 445, 3785, 29892, 13950, 19417, 414, 723, 5870, 1244, 304, 19417, 1009, 22535, 29889, 512, 278, 29871, 29896, 29946, 386, 6462, 29892, 15198, 326, 15952, 278, 7027, 6077, 278, 12713, 964, 263, 17667, 3829, 29889, 7133, 278, 22843, 5046, 310, 278, 29871, 29896, 29945, 386, 6462, 29892, 2778, 305, 1934, 5239, 451, 871, 13950, 541, 429, 13574, 24802, 515, 278, 9755, 3704, 805, 1575, 29892, 4047, 29895, 29892, 322, 454, 1624, 29889, 13, 797, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29945, 29945, 29892, 278, 9999, 12713, 471, 14416, 491, 263, 3974, 29889, 2216, 1472, 1156, 29892, 17789, 4080, 373, 263, 716, 12713, 4689, 29889, 450, 716, 2233, 720, 6573, 471, 8688, 297, 385, 10545, 27263, 3114, 29892, 263, 18551, 310, 4088, 15861, 1608, 870, 278, 8198, 322, 670, 6532, 10470, 350, 2681, 317, 1454, 1362, 29889 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.601103

-0.103179

2.038116

1.007854

During this period, many Italian architects and artists arrived in Poland. If you look on the gable high above the entryway, you will notice a large letter S which stands for Sigismund. In the late 19th century, the hall went through a restoration bringing it back to its former glory. Today, the Cloth Hall is still a functioning market hall selling mostly Polish souvenirs including wood carvings, jewelry, rugs, painted boxes, and trinkets. While most shops cater towards tourists, prices are affordable for the location compared to other European cities. On the second floor of the Cloth Hall is the Gallery of 19th Century Polish Art for those interested in Polish art. 9 – Church of St. Adalbert This small, copper-domed church located in the southeast corner of Main Market Square is the Church of St. Adalbert, also known as the Church of St. Wojciech (Kościół św. Wojciecha). The oldest parts of this church date back to the 11th century, making it one of the oldest stone churches in Poland. The Church of St. Adalbert predates the Main Market Square. When built, the church was aligned east to west, which was custom at the time. So while the church looks crooked, in reality, the square is crooked. Any other "crooked" building you encounter walking around the Old Town probably predates the rebuilding of Kraków after it was destroyed by the Mongols in 1241. The oldest Romanesque parts of the church were constructed in the 11th and 12th centuries. Between 1611 and 1618, the church was reconstructed in a Baroque style which included the addition of the dome. If visit in the summer when the interior is open, peak inside to view the Baroque architecture which dates back to the 18th century. 10 – Town Hall Tower (Wieża ratuszowa w Krakowie) This lonely tower located on the Main Market Square next to the Cloth Market is known as the Town Hall Tower (Wieża ratuszowa w Krakowie). It is all that remains of Kraków's old Town Hall. The Town Hall was first built on this location in 1316. Over the centuries, the hall was expanded, rebuilt, and renovated. By the early 19th century, Kraków's importance had declined and in 1820, its Town Hall was demolished. All that remained was this 70 meter (229 foot) Gothic tower built of brick and stone. Visitors to the tower will find a small, unimpressive museum inside. Those who wish to climb to the top of the tower will be disappointed in the underwhelming views of the city below. 11 – Eros Bendato Sculpture (The Head) Located near the base of the Town Hall Tower is a hard to miss sculpture of a gigantic empty head wrapped in cloth. While this well known Igor Mitoraj sculpture is officially known as Eros Bendato, it is usually referred to as "The Head." The sculpture, which was completed in 1999, was designed by Igor Mitoraj (1944-2014), a Polish contemporary artist and sculptor who studied at the Kraków Academy of Art. In 2003, Mitoraj gifted the Eros Bendato sculpture to the city of Kraków. The original plan was to place the sculpture in the square in front of Galeria Krakowska near Kraków Główny Station. Mitoraj insisted that the sculpture be placed in the Main Market Square. Despite protests from locals and historians who claimed the modern sculpture clashed with the old town charm, the sculpture found a home in the western corner of the square near the Town Hall Tower. Today, the Eros Bendato sculpture is a popular meeting point and accidental tourist attraction. During the day, you can usually find children or tourists climbing in and around the hollow head. It makes for a unique photo. 12 – Jagiellonian University (Uniwersytet Jagielloński) and Great College (Collegium Maius) Founded in 1364 by Kazimierz the Great, Jagiellonian University (Uniwersytet Jagielloński) is the oldest university in Poland and the second oldest university in Central Europe after Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic. With around 150,0

[ 7133, 445, 3785, 29892, 1784, 10545, 6956, 29879, 322, 17906, 11977, 297, 18898, 29889, 960, 366, 1106, 373, 278, 330, 519, 1880, 2038, 278, 6251, 1582, 29892, 366, 674, 8369, 263, 2919, 5497, 317, 607, 15028, 363, 15861, 1608, 870, 29889, 512, 278, 5683, 29871, 29896, 29929, 386, 6462, 29892, 278, 12713, 3512, 1549, 263, 1791, 12418, 20794, 372, 1250, 304, 967, 4642, 26080, 29889, 13, 29911, 397, 388, 29892, 278, 2233, 720, 6573, 338, 1603, 263, 740, 292, 9999, 12713, 269, 7807, 11149, 19919, 3669, 854, 12935, 3704, 8112, 1559, 29894, 886, 29892, 432, 809, 295, 719, 29892, 364, 16926, 29892, 23139, 16273, 29892, 322, 534, 682, 1691, 29889, 5806, 1556, 528, 3554, 274, 1008, 7113, 6282, 2879, 29892, 26094, 526, 21750, 519, 363, 278, 4423, 9401, 304, 916, 7824, 14368, 29889, 13, 2951, 278, 1473, 11904, 310, 278, 2233, 720, 6573, 338, 278, 15230, 310, 29871, 29896, 29929, 386, 24027, 19919, 3012, 363, 1906, 8852, 297, 19919, 1616, 29889, 13, 29929, 785, 6291, 310, 624, 29889, 2087, 284, 2151, 13, 4013, 2319, 29892, 1302, 2496, 29899, 3129, 287, 6586, 5982, 297, 278, 13267, 15879, 11155, 310, 4241, 28794, 19256, 338, 278, 6291, 310, 624, 29889, 2087, 284, 2151, 29892, 884, 2998, 408, 278, 6291, 310, 624, 29889, 17404, 5295, 305, 313, 29968, 29877, 30045, 2617, 30006, 24785, 29889, 17404, 5295, 5815, 467, 450, 23947, 5633, 310, 445, 6586, 2635, 1250, 304, 278, 29871, 29896, 29896, 386, 6462, 29892, 3907, 372, 697, 310, 278, 23947, 12565, 26014, 297, 18898, 29889, 13, 1576, 6291, 310, 624, 29889, 2087, 284, 2151, 4450, 1078, 278, 4241, 28794, 19256, 29889, 1932, 4240, 29892, 278, 6586, 471, 26118, 9755, 304, 5833, 29892, 607, 471, 2888, 472, 278, 931, 29889, 1105, 1550, 278, 6586, 3430, 8182, 12504, 29892, 297, 16832, 29892, 278, 6862, 338, 8182, 12504, 29889, 3139, 916, 376, 24077, 12504, 29908, 5214, 366, 11735, 22049, 2820, 278, 8198, 8421, 3117, 4450, 1078, 278, 337, 25237, 310, 22544, 2165, 1156, 372, 471, 14416, 491, 278, 21952, 3775, 297, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29946, 29896, 29889, 13, 1576, 23947, 5917, 267, 802, 5633, 310, 278, 6586, 892, 13319, 297, 278, 29871, 29896, 29896, 386, 322, 29871, 29896, 29906, 386, 21726, 29889, 21674, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29896, 29896, 322, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29896, 29947, 29892, 278, 6586, 471, 337, 11433, 287, 297, 263, 2261, 29877, 802, 3114, 607, 5134, 278, 6124, 310, 278, 270, 608, 29889, 13, 3644, 6493, 297, 278, 11801, 746, 278, 13290, 338, 1722, 29892, 19224, 2768, 304, 1776, 278, 2261, 29877, 802, 11258, 607, 10116, 1250, 304, 278, 29871, 29896, 29947, 386, 6462, 29889, 13, 29896, 29900, 785, 8421, 6573, 23615, 313, 29956, 16086, 29874, 364, 2389, 29920, 5604, 281, 22544, 4238, 29897, 13, 4013, 23123, 873, 19372, 5982, 373, 278, 4241, 28794, 19256, 2446, 304, 278, 2233, 720, 28794, 338, 2998, 408, 278, 8421, 6573, 23615, 313, 29956, 16086, 29874, 364, 2389, 29920, 5604, 281, 22544, 4238, 467, 739, 338, 599, 393, 9242, 310, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 2030, 8421, 6573, 29889, 13, 1576, 8421, 6573, 471, 937, 4240, 373, 445, 4423, 297, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29896, 29953, 29889, 6811, 278, 21726, 29892, 278, 12713, 471, 17832, 29892, 337, 16145, 29892, 322, 25615, 630, 29889, 2648, 278, 4688, 29871, 29896, 29929, 386, 6462, 29892, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 13500, 750, 4845, 1312, 322, 297, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29906, 29900, 29892, 967, 8421, 6573, 471, 27745, 3276, 29889, 2178, 393, 9488, 471, 445, 29871, 29955, 29900, 11134, 313, 29906, 29906, 29929, 3661, 29897, 22883, 293, 19372, 4240, 310, 28645, 322, 12565, 29889, 13, 6116, 17259, 304, 278, 19372, 674, 1284, 263, 2319, 29892, 443, 326, 2139, 573, 19133, 2768, 29889, 16025, 1058, 6398, 304, 10784, 29890, 304, 278, 2246, 310, 278, 19372, 674, 367, 23451, 287, 297, 278, 1090, 1332, 295, 4056, 8386, 310, 278, 4272, 2400, 29889, 13, 29896, 29896, 785, 382, 1883, 350, 355, 1219, 317, 1810, 415, 545, 313, 1576, 12252, 29897, 13, 3524, 630, 2978, 278, 2967, 310, 278, 8421, 6573, 23615, 338, 263, 2898, 304, 3052, 17039, 545, 310, 263, 19340, 7716, 4069, 2343, 21021, 297, 13950, 29889, 5806, 445, 1532, 2998, 12815, 272, 341, 2105, 1175, 17039, 545, 338, 22444, 2998, 408, 382, 1883, 350, 355, 1219, 29892, 372, 338, 5491, 12992, 304, 408, 376, 1576, 12252, 1213, 450, 17039, 545, 29892, 607, 471, 8676, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29929, 29929, 29892, 471, 8688, 491, 12815, 272, 341, 2105, 1175, 313, 29896, 29929, 29946, 29946, 29899, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29946, 511, 263, 19919, 24952, 7664, 322, 17039, 272, 1058, 12399, 472, 278, 22544, 2165, 10355, 310, 3012, 29889, 13, 797, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29941, 29892, 341, 2105, 1175, 19797, 287, 278, 382, 1883, 350, 355, 1219, 17039, 545, 304, 278, 4272, 310, 22544, 2165, 29889, 450, 2441, 3814, 471, 304, 2058, 278, 17039, 545, 297, 278, 6862, 297, 4565, 310, 5208, 8749, 22544, 340, 4621, 2978, 22544, 2165, 402, 30006, 10973, 29891, 12039, 29889, 341, 2105, 1175, 1663, 12652, 393, 278, 17039, 545, 367, 7180, 297, 278, 4241, 28794, 19256, 29889, 19454, 10021, 29879, 515, 1180, 1338, 322, 3603, 5834, 1058, 17049, 278, 5400, 17039, 545, 1067, 25936, 411, 278, 2030, 4726, 21192, 29892, 278, 17039, 545, 1476, 263, 3271, 297, 278, 15782, 11155, 310, 278, 6862, 2978, 278, 8421, 6573, 23615, 29889, 13, 29911, 397, 388, 29892, 278, 382, 1883, 350, 355, 1219, 17039, 545, 338, 263, 5972, 11781, 1298, 322, 11423, 284, 6282, 391, 1098, 13857, 29889, 7133, 278, 2462, 29892, 366, 508, 5491, 1284, 4344, 470, 6282, 2879, 10784, 10549, 297, 322, 2820, 278, 298, 2952, 2343, 29889, 739, 3732, 363, 263, 5412, 15373, 29889, 13, 29896, 29906, 785, 435, 17698, 514, 25813, 3014, 313, 8110, 17538, 3637, 300, 24423, 709, 417, 10587, 29897, 322, 7027, 6346, 313, 1625, 1397, 1974, 6868, 375, 29897, 13, 29943, 7261, 297, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29953, 29946, 491, 15198, 326, 15952, 278, 7027, 29892, 435, 17698, 514, 25813, 3014, 313, 8110, 17538, 3637, 300, 24423, 709, 417, 10587, 29897, 338, 278, 23947, 16372, 297, 18898, 322, 278, 1473, 23947, 16372, 297, 8068, 4092, 1156, 5322, 3014, 297, 19825, 434, 29892, 21489, 8063, 29889, 2973, 2820, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29900, 29892, 29900 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.242451

-0.075926

1.622088

0.777647

00 students, Jagiellonian University plays an important role in the character of Kraków. Many of the university buildings can be found in the area west of the Old Town. One of these buildings is Great College (Collegium Maius), the oldest building at Jagiellonian University. Dating back to the 14th century, Collegium Maius is the historic heart of Kraków's university culture. In the 15th century, Collegium Maius was rebuilt. The late-Gothic structure with its large courtyard featured arcades and two levels. In 1517, the well in the center of the courtyard was added. During the Middle Ages, lectures were held on the lower level while professors lived, worked, slept, and ate on the upper level. These unmarried professors devoted their entire lives to their profession similar to a monk living at a monastery. In a way, this building resembles a monastery more so than a university. 13 – Bishop's Palace (Pałac Biskupi w Krakowie) This yellow building is known as the Bishop's Palace (Pałac Biskupi w Krakowie). It is the second largest palace in Kraków after Wawel Castle. Since the late 14th century, this palace has been a residence of Kraków's bishops. The most famous resident of Bishop's Palace was Karol Józef Wojtyła, who lived here from 1958 until 1978 when he became Pope John Paul II, head of the Catholic Church. Even after becoming pope, Pope John Paul II would return to the Bishop's Palace on his visits to Kraków from Rome. During these visits, the pope would often appear in the evening in the Papal Window found just above the entryway. It was here where the pope would address his followers, sometimes chatting for hours about a variety of topics including religion, current events, and sports. A mosaic image of Pope John Paul II designed by Magdalena Czeska is now on display in the Papal Window. 14 – Basilica of St. Francis of Assisi (Bazylika Franciszkanów w Krakowie) This Roman Catholic Gothic Church, possibly the most colorful in Kraków, is the Basilica of St. Francis of Assisi (Bazylika Franciszkanów w Krakowie). The colorful church, located just across the street from the Bishop's Palace, was the home church of Karol Wojtyła when he was archbishop of Kraków. When he returned from Rome for city visits, Pope John Paul II would also make visits to the church. When the original church was built here in the 13th century, it was one of the first brick and sandstone buildings in the city. Throughout the centuries, the church was expanded until it was destroyed by the Kraków Fire of 1850. During this fire, about 10% of the city was destroyed. Shortly after the fire, the church was rebuilt with the help of Young Poland (Młoda Polska) members Stanisław Wyspiański and Józef Mehoffer. Thanks to their efforts, the church is now the finest example of Art Nouveau in Poland. Once inside the church, walk down the nave and find the third pew on the left where you will find a silver plate labeled "Jan Pawell II." This was the spot where Pope John Paul II would come to pray when he lived across the street at the Bishop's Palace. Continue a few more feet down the nave and turn around. You are now looking at one of Wyspiański's finest masterpieces. This magnificent stained-glass window, inspired by the Sistine Chapel, is titled God the Father Let It Be. As light changes during the day, the yellow and orange, symbolizing fire, changes to blue, symbolizing water. You can view more of Wyspiański's stained-glass windows at the Wyspiański Pavilion described later in this guide. In the small chapel to the left of the nave is a replica of the Shroud of Turin. This replica is consider a holy relic because it touched the original shroud. It is believed that the Shroud of Turin was the burial shroud which Jesus of Nazareth was wrapped in after crucifixion. 15 – Grodzka Street (Ulica Grodzka) This part of the Royal Way you are currently on is Grodzka Street (Ulica Grodzka), one of the oldest streets in Krak

[ 29900, 29900, 8041, 29892, 435, 17698, 514, 25813, 3014, 13582, 385, 4100, 6297, 297, 278, 2931, 310, 22544, 2165, 29889, 13, 14804, 310, 278, 16372, 13814, 508, 367, 1476, 297, 278, 4038, 5833, 310, 278, 8198, 8421, 29889, 3118, 310, 1438, 13814, 338, 7027, 6346, 313, 1625, 1397, 1974, 6868, 375, 511, 278, 23947, 5214, 472, 435, 17698, 514, 25813, 3014, 29889, 360, 1218, 1250, 304, 278, 29871, 29896, 29946, 386, 6462, 29892, 7064, 1974, 6868, 375, 338, 278, 22879, 5192, 310, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 16372, 9257, 29889, 512, 278, 29871, 29896, 29945, 386, 6462, 29892, 7064, 1974, 6868, 375, 471, 337, 16145, 29889, 450, 5683, 29899, 29954, 720, 293, 3829, 411, 967, 2919, 2085, 1017, 538, 15000, 15232, 3076, 322, 1023, 11174, 29889, 512, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29896, 29955, 29892, 278, 1532, 297, 278, 4818, 310, 278, 2085, 1017, 538, 471, 2715, 29889, 13, 29928, 3864, 278, 14253, 319, 2710, 29892, 13081, 1973, 892, 4934, 373, 278, 5224, 3233, 1550, 25718, 943, 10600, 29892, 3796, 29892, 12844, 415, 29892, 322, 263, 371, 373, 278, 7568, 3233, 29889, 4525, 443, 3034, 1255, 25718, 943, 24600, 1009, 4152, 12080, 304, 1009, 6351, 2788, 304, 263, 1601, 29895, 8471, 472, 263, 23937, 29891, 29889, 512, 263, 982, 29892, 445, 5214, 620, 1590, 793, 263, 23937, 29891, 901, 577, 1135, 263, 16372, 29889, 13, 29896, 29941, 785, 16880, 29915, 29879, 24537, 313, 29925, 2275, 562, 350, 3873, 786, 29875, 281, 22544, 4238, 29897, 13, 4013, 13328, 5214, 338, 2998, 408, 278, 16880, 29915, 29879, 24537, 313, 29925, 2275, 562, 350, 3873, 786, 29875, 281, 22544, 4238, 467, 739, 338, 278, 1473, 10150, 24369, 297, 22544, 2165, 1156, 399, 1450, 295, 15194, 29889, 13, 23036, 278, 5683, 29871, 29896, 29946, 386, 6462, 29892, 445, 24369, 756, 1063, 263, 25488, 310, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 289, 728, 3554, 29889, 450, 1556, 13834, 20201, 310, 16880, 29915, 29879, 24537, 471, 3467, 324, 18433, 26870, 17404, 1017, 4065, 29892, 1058, 10600, 1244, 515, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29945, 29947, 2745, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29955, 29947, 746, 540, 3897, 20635, 2259, 3739, 1944, 29892, 2343, 310, 278, 11865, 6291, 29889, 13, 29923, 854, 1156, 14171, 772, 412, 29892, 20635, 2259, 3739, 1944, 723, 736, 304, 278, 16880, 29915, 29879, 24537, 373, 670, 1998, 1169, 304, 22544, 2165, 515, 9184, 29889, 7133, 1438, 1998, 1169, 29892, 278, 772, 412, 723, 4049, 2615, 297, 278, 11005, 297, 278, 8579, 284, 18379, 1476, 925, 2038, 278, 6251, 1582, 29889, 739, 471, 1244, 988, 278, 772, 412, 723, 3211, 670, 1101, 414, 29892, 6041, 521, 23980, 363, 6199, 1048, 263, 12875, 310, 23820, 3704, 13433, 29892, 1857, 4959, 29892, 322, 14717, 29889, 319, 286, 3628, 293, 1967, 310, 20635, 2259, 3739, 1944, 8688, 491, 3561, 12293, 2386, 315, 10947, 1335, 338, 1286, 373, 2479, 297, 278, 8579, 284, 18379, 29889, 13, 29896, 29946, 785, 4886, 309, 983, 310, 624, 29889, 5845, 310, 4007, 10770, 313, 29933, 24683, 22605, 5845, 7730, 273, 2165, 281, 22544, 4238, 29897, 13, 4013, 5917, 11865, 22883, 293, 6291, 29892, 10075, 278, 1556, 2927, 1319, 297, 22544, 2165, 29892, 338, 278, 4886, 309, 983, 310, 624, 29889, 5845, 310, 4007, 10770, 313, 29933, 24683, 22605, 5845, 7730, 273, 2165, 281, 22544, 4238, 467, 450, 2927, 1319, 6586, 29892, 5982, 925, 4822, 278, 11952, 515, 278, 16880, 29915, 29879, 24537, 29892, 471, 278, 3271, 6586, 310, 3467, 324, 17404, 1017, 4065, 746, 540, 471, 3190, 28693, 310, 22544, 2165, 29889, 1932, 540, 4133, 515, 9184, 363, 4272, 1998, 1169, 29892, 20635, 2259, 3739, 1944, 723, 884, 1207, 1998, 1169, 304, 278, 6586, 29889, 13, 10401, 278, 2441, 6586, 471, 4240, 1244, 297, 278, 29871, 29896, 29941, 386, 6462, 29892, 372, 471, 697, 310, 278, 937, 28645, 322, 11982, 12734, 13814, 297, 278, 4272, 29889, 17044, 449, 278, 21726, 29892, 278, 6586, 471, 17832, 2745, 372, 471, 14416, 491, 278, 22544, 2165, 6438, 310, 29871, 29896, 29947, 29945, 29900, 29889, 7133, 445, 3974, 29892, 1048, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29995, 310, 278, 4272, 471, 14416, 29889, 13, 21322, 368, 1156, 278, 3974, 29892, 278, 6586, 471, 337, 16145, 411, 278, 1371, 310, 10443, 18898, 313, 29924, 30006, 8887, 2043, 4621, 29897, 5144, 29329, 399, 952, 29886, 423, 10587, 322, 18433, 26870, 2191, 8782, 571, 29889, 1834, 304, 1009, 14231, 29892, 278, 6586, 338, 1286, 278, 1436, 342, 1342, 310, 3012, 405, 6223, 585, 297, 18898, 29889, 13, 26222, 2768, 278, 6586, 29892, 6686, 1623, 278, 21102, 322, 1284, 278, 4654, 282, 809, 373, 278, 2175, 988, 366, 674, 1284, 263, 13283, 15284, 301, 24025, 376, 26626, 349, 1450, 514, 1944, 1213, 910, 471, 278, 9758, 988, 20635, 2259, 3739, 1944, 723, 2041, 304, 12475, 746, 540, 10600, 4822, 278, 11952, 472, 278, 16880, 29915, 29879, 24537, 29889, 13, 1323, 14150, 263, 2846, 901, 6900, 1623, 278, 21102, 322, 2507, 2820, 29889, 887, 526, 1286, 3063, 472, 697, 310, 399, 952, 29886, 423, 10587, 29915, 29879, 1436, 342, 5835, 12343, 778, 29889, 910, 29154, 296, 380, 7114, 29899, 29050, 3474, 29892, 20603, 491, 278, 317, 391, 457, 13741, 295, 29892, 338, 25278, 4177, 278, 17852, 2803, 739, 1522, 29889, 1094, 3578, 3620, 2645, 278, 2462, 29892, 278, 13328, 322, 24841, 29892, 5829, 5281, 3974, 29892, 3620, 304, 7254, 29892, 5829, 5281, 4094, 29889, 887, 508, 1776, 901, 310, 399, 952, 29886, 423, 10587, 29915, 29879, 380, 7114, 29899, 29050, 5417, 472, 278, 399, 952, 29886, 423, 10587, 20096, 309, 291, 5439, 2678, 297, 445, 10754, 29889, 13, 797, 278, 2319, 10708, 295, 304, 278, 2175, 310, 278, 21102, 338, 263, 1634, 10123, 310, 278, 317, 1092, 2736, 310, 5383, 262, 29889, 910, 1634, 10123, 338, 2050, 263, 26630, 337, 506, 1363, 372, 23051, 278, 2441, 14653, 2736, 29889, 739, 338, 13112, 393, 278, 317, 1092, 2736, 310, 5383, 262, 471, 278, 6866, 616, 14653, 2736, 607, 13825, 310, 11409, 598, 386, 471, 21021, 297, 1156, 7618, 29883, 361, 861, 291, 29889, 13, 29896, 29945, 785, 6070, 5601, 1335, 7103, 313, 29965, 10123, 6070, 5601, 1335, 29897, 13, 4013, 760, 310, 278, 7021, 5307, 366, 526, 5279, 373, 338, 6070, 5601, 1335, 7103, 313, 29965, 10123, 6070, 5601, 1335, 511, 697, 310, 278, 23947, 19756, 297, 22544 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.780429

0.044768

1.675885

1.179877

ów. Grodzka Street, which passes by many important churches and palaces, is about 650 meters (2,130 feet) long. The copper-colored building on the corner of Franciszkańska and Grodzka, just behind the Basilica of St. Francis of Assisi, is the Wyspiański Pavilion. This building displays three stained-glass windows based on Wyspiański's designs he created for Wawel Cathedral. It's free to step inside and you can find the entrance just to the left of the small TI. While the three designs were rejected at the time, these stained-glass windows were recreated on the 100th anniversary of Wyspiański's death in 2007. On the left is Saint Stanislaus, the first saint of Poland. In the middle is a skeleton of Kazimierz the Great, King of Poland from 1333 to 1370. Finally, on the right is Henry the Pious, Duke of Kraków. Along this lively thoroughfare you might notice fine arcades over the sidewalks. While these charming arcades appear to be Renaissance in style, they were added in 1939 after the Nazis invaded Poland. The Germans hoped to elevate the status of their Polish capital by improving the city. Here, you can also find some of Kraków's best restaurants and milk bars (bar mleczny). Milk bars are cheap communist era cafeterias that are today popular for their affordable yet delicious and hearty Polish food. Bar Mleczny Pod Temidą, with the blue sign at #45, is the most traditional milk bar you will find on Grodzka Street. 16 – Mary Magdalene Square (Plac Św. Marii Magdaleny) This small square located between Grodzka Street and Kanonicza Street is known as Mary Magdalene Square (Plac Św. Marii Magdaleny). Other than Rome, Kraków has more churches per square kilometer than any other city. Today, there are over 140 churches and monasteries in the city with 32 alone in the Old Town. From this square, you can see two of these churches. On the left, with the white facade and row of statues out front is the Church of Saints Peter and Paul (Kościół ŚŚ Piotra i Pawła w Krakowie). Built between 1597 and 1619, this was the first Baroque church in Kraków. In front of the church are statues of Saints along with Mary Magdalene for which the square is named after. On the right with its twin towers is St. Andrew's Church (Kościół św. Andrzeja). This Romanesque style church was built by Polish statesman Palatine Sieciech between 1079 and 1098. This was the only church to survive the Mongol invasion of Poland between 1240 and 1241. 17 – Kanonicza Street (Ulica Kanonicza) This historic cobbled street leading to Wawel Castle is known as Kanonicza Street (Ulica Kanonicza) or Canon Street, one of Europe's finest streets. Kanonicza is also believed to be the oldest street in Kraków. This picturesque street, featuring many well-preserved Baroque and Renaissance houses and mansions, was where Kraków's noblemen lived until the 14th century. After the 14th century, these buildings housed many of Kraków's clergy and canons. Keep an eye out for cardinal hats over the entrances at #3, #15, #18. On the left hand side at #16 is Hotel Copernicus. This hotel, located in a 15th century building, is famous for hosting guests such as President George W. Bush, the Prince of Wales, and even Copernicus over 500 years ago. Right across the street at #17 is Erazm Ciołek Palace which houses the National Museum. The Florian Mokrski Palace located at #18 was used as a residence of Florian Mokrsk, Bishop of Kraków from 1367 to 1380. The yellow house located at #19 today houses the Archdiocesan Museum. Before becoming Pope John Paul II, Karol Wojtyła lived at this house for 10 years after the Second World War

[ 2165, 29889, 6070, 5601, 1335, 7103, 29892, 607, 14517, 491, 1784, 4100, 26014, 322, 5112, 3302, 29892, 338, 1048, 29871, 29953, 29945, 29900, 27881, 313, 29906, 29892, 29896, 29941, 29900, 6900, 29897, 1472, 29889, 13, 1576, 1302, 2496, 29899, 2780, 287, 5214, 373, 278, 11155, 310, 5845, 29920, 16022, 4621, 322, 6070, 5601, 1335, 29892, 925, 5742, 278, 4886, 309, 983, 310, 624, 29889, 5845, 310, 4007, 10770, 29892, 338, 278, 399, 952, 29886, 423, 10587, 20096, 309, 291, 29889, 910, 5214, 14423, 2211, 380, 7114, 29899, 29050, 5417, 2729, 373, 399, 952, 29886, 423, 10587, 29915, 29879, 25517, 540, 2825, 363, 399, 1450, 295, 315, 21471, 29889, 739, 29915, 29879, 3889, 304, 4331, 2768, 322, 366, 508, 1284, 278, 19546, 925, 304, 278, 2175, 310, 278, 2319, 323, 29902, 29889, 13, 8809, 488, 278, 2211, 25517, 892, 22225, 472, 278, 931, 29892, 1438, 380, 7114, 29899, 29050, 5417, 892, 337, 11600, 373, 278, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29900, 386, 6957, 27547, 310, 399, 952, 29886, 423, 10587, 29915, 29879, 4892, 297, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29900, 29955, 29889, 1551, 278, 2175, 338, 4107, 21585, 15273, 29892, 278, 937, 22635, 310, 18898, 29889, 512, 278, 7256, 338, 263, 18109, 11285, 310, 15198, 326, 15952, 278, 7027, 29892, 4088, 310, 18898, 515, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29941, 29941, 304, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29955, 29900, 29889, 9788, 29892, 373, 278, 1492, 338, 6498, 278, 349, 2738, 29892, 13484, 310, 22544, 2165, 29889, 13, 2499, 549, 445, 301, 3598, 17826, 24658, 366, 1795, 8369, 2691, 15232, 3076, 975, 278, 2625, 14625, 2039, 29889, 5806, 1438, 1373, 4056, 15232, 3076, 2615, 304, 367, 27263, 297, 3114, 29892, 896, 892, 2715, 297, 29871, 29896, 29929, 29941, 29929, 1156, 278, 11409, 275, 2437, 11932, 18898, 29889, 450, 7287, 550, 24936, 304, 11858, 403, 278, 4660, 310, 1009, 19919, 7483, 491, 4857, 1747, 278, 4272, 29889, 13, 10605, 29892, 366, 508, 884, 1284, 777, 310, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 1900, 12374, 1934, 322, 27274, 22306, 313, 1646, 286, 280, 2067, 1460, 467, 3833, 29895, 22306, 526, 28773, 3817, 391, 3152, 274, 2142, 1308, 3173, 393, 526, 9826, 5972, 363, 1009, 21750, 519, 3447, 628, 14803, 322, 5192, 29891, 19919, 9687, 29889, 2261, 341, 280, 2067, 1460, 8594, 6789, 333, 30025, 29892, 411, 278, 7254, 1804, 472, 396, 29946, 29945, 29892, 338, 278, 1556, 13807, 27274, 2594, 366, 674, 1284, 373, 6070, 5601, 1335, 7103, 29889, 13, 29896, 29953, 785, 6182, 3561, 12293, 1600, 19256, 313, 29925, 4620, 11063, 29893, 29889, 1085, 2236, 3561, 29881, 10066, 29891, 29897, 13, 4013, 2319, 6862, 5982, 1546, 6070, 5601, 1335, 7103, 322, 11720, 8927, 1362, 7103, 338, 2998, 408, 6182, 3561, 12293, 1600, 19256, 313, 29925, 4620, 11063, 29893, 29889, 1085, 2236, 3561, 29881, 10066, 29891, 467, 13, 16107, 1135, 9184, 29892, 22544, 2165, 756, 901, 26014, 639, 6862, 23836, 1135, 738, 916, 4272, 29889, 20628, 29892, 727, 526, 975, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29900, 26014, 322, 23937, 583, 297, 278, 4272, 411, 29871, 29941, 29906, 7432, 297, 278, 8198, 8421, 29889, 3645, 445, 6862, 29892, 366, 508, 1074, 1023, 310, 1438, 26014, 29889, 13, 2951, 278, 2175, 29892, 411, 278, 4796, 4024, 1943, 322, 1948, 310, 1002, 1041, 714, 4565, 338, 278, 6291, 310, 14342, 1372, 5310, 322, 3739, 313, 29968, 29877, 30045, 2617, 30006, 11063, 30127, 7362, 327, 336, 474, 349, 1450, 4065, 281, 22544, 4238, 467, 5373, 2782, 1546, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29929, 29955, 322, 29871, 29896, 29953, 29896, 29929, 29892, 445, 471, 278, 937, 2261, 29877, 802, 6586, 297, 22544, 2165, 29889, 512, 4565, 310, 278, 6586, 526, 1002, 1041, 310, 14342, 1372, 3412, 411, 6182, 3561, 12293, 1600, 363, 607, 278, 6862, 338, 4257, 1156, 29889, 13, 2951, 278, 1492, 411, 967, 3252, 262, 304, 17538, 338, 624, 29889, 11571, 29915, 29879, 6291, 313, 29968, 29877, 30045, 2617, 30006, 24785, 29889, 1126, 28870, 1764, 467, 910, 5917, 267, 802, 3114, 6586, 471, 4240, 491, 19919, 5922, 1171, 3793, 271, 457, 4073, 5295, 305, 1546, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29929, 322, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29929, 29947, 29889, 910, 471, 278, 871, 6586, 304, 10503, 573, 278, 21952, 324, 28425, 310, 18898, 1546, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29946, 29900, 322, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29946, 29896, 29889, 13, 29896, 29955, 785, 11720, 8927, 1362, 7103, 313, 29965, 10123, 11720, 8927, 1362, 29897, 13, 4013, 22879, 274, 711, 27225, 11952, 8236, 304, 399, 1450, 295, 15194, 338, 2998, 408, 11720, 8927, 1362, 7103, 313, 29965, 10123, 11720, 8927, 1362, 29897, 470, 1815, 265, 7103, 29892, 697, 310, 4092, 29915, 29879, 1436, 342, 19756, 29889, 11720, 8927, 1362, 338, 884, 13112, 304, 367, 278, 23947, 11952, 297, 22544, 2165, 29889, 13, 4013, 14956, 802, 11952, 29892, 23425, 1784, 1532, 29899, 4569, 9841, 2261, 29877, 802, 322, 27263, 12955, 322, 286, 550, 1080, 29892, 471, 988, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 694, 1031, 264, 10600, 2745, 278, 29871, 29896, 29946, 386, 6462, 29889, 2860, 278, 29871, 29896, 29946, 386, 6462, 29892, 1438, 13814, 9261, 287, 1784, 310, 22544, 2165, 29915, 29879, 28238, 1927, 322, 508, 787, 29889, 19152, 385, 10977, 714, 363, 21008, 298, 1446, 975, 278, 875, 661, 778, 472, 396, 29941, 29892, 396, 29896, 29945, 29892, 396, 29896, 29947, 29889, 13, 2951, 278, 2175, 1361, 2625, 472, 396, 29896, 29953, 338, 16923, 10061, 824, 12473, 29889, 910, 16730, 29892, 5982, 297, 263, 29871, 29896, 29945, 386, 6462, 5214, 29892, 338, 13834, 363, 23376, 28865, 1316, 408, 7178, 5122, 399, 29889, 24715, 29892, 278, 10787, 310, 13706, 29892, 322, 1584, 10061, 824, 12473, 975, 29871, 29945, 29900, 29900, 2440, 8020, 29889, 10428, 4822, 278, 11952, 472, 396, 29896, 29955, 338, 382, 9504, 29885, 315, 601, 30006, 1416, 24537, 607, 12955, 278, 3086, 6838, 29889, 450, 6953, 713, 341, 554, 29878, 2574, 24537, 5982, 472, 396, 29896, 29947, 471, 1304, 408, 263, 25488, 310, 6953, 713, 341, 554, 29878, 808, 29892, 16880, 310, 22544, 2165, 515, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29953, 29955, 304, 29871, 29896, 29941, 29947, 29900, 29889, 450, 13328, 3699, 5982, 472, 396, 29896, 29929, 9826, 12955, 278, 2595, 6051, 542, 267, 273, 6838, 29889, 10949, 14171, 20635, 2259, 3739, 1944, 29892, 3467, 324, 17404, 1017, 4065, 10600, 472, 445, 3699, 363, 29871, 29896, 29900, 2440, 1156, 278, 6440, 2787, 3362 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

1.470684

-0.182993

1.690231

0.630921

Tiffany Klapheke Update: Airman Christopher Perez Guilty of Child Endangerment No Comments on Tiffany Klapheke Update: Airman Christopher Perez Guilty of Child Endangerment October 28, 2013 by Robert Franklin, Esq. Remember Tiffany Klapheke? She's the Abilene, Texas mother who was arrested last year for letting her 22-month-old daughter Tamryn die of dehydration and malnutrition. Klapheke accomplished that by simply walking away from all three of her kids, the oldest of which was three at the time. Fortunately, the police managed to save the lives of the other two children who also suffered from dehydration and malnutrition. But they were too late in for Tamryn. Taylor County Child Protective Services took Tamryn's death as their cue to start lying to police, hiding documents and doing everything in their power to conceal their culpability. They had an open file on Tiffany Klapheke, but, in violation of agency protocols, closed it without a follow-up visit. When they did, there'd been no action on her case for 10 months. The file was closed a matter of days before Tamryn died. Several local CPS employees, including supervisors either quit or were placed on administrative leave following the revelations of agency cover-ups. A special prosecutor was appointed by a local judge to investigate the agency. Here's my first piece about the case (NPO, 10//12). When Klapheke was arrested, she told the police she abandoned the children because she was upset that her husband, a senior airman in the Air Force, had been deployed to Afghanistan a second time. She's been in jail awaiting trial ever since, but now we know that her claim of being upset about her husband's deployment is beginning to look bogus. Put simply, she wasn't too upset to have a lengthy extra-marital affair with another serviceman. The latest news concerns the court-martial of that Senior Airman Christopher Perez (Air Force Times, 10/14/13). Senior Airman Christopher Perez is charged with dereliction of duty, child endangerment and adultery. Perez was living at the home of Tiffany Klapheke and her husband, Senior Airman Thomas Klapheke, when the toddler died in August 2012. Senior Airman Klapheke had deployed about two months earlier. Perez and Tiffany Klapheke were involved in a sexual relationship, according to testimony from Perez's Article 32 hearing… Perez told authorities Tiffany Klapheke would lock her children in a bedroom for days but he did not believe it was his place to interfere, according to Article 32 testimony. Here we learn a little about what Klapheke has admitted to previously (Big Country, 10/16/13). In one sentence — she admits she hid the children multiple times because she didn't want them to be taken away. In another — Klapheke denies telling Perez about what the children were going through at the home. She then goes on to say the children — including 22-month old Tamryn — were underweight their entire lives. Here's a rundown of the testimony on the most important day of Perez's trial (Big Country, 10/18/13). It's pretty horrifying. Those who arrived on the scene first testified that their noses and eyes stung from the contaminated air inside the Klapheke residence. Among other things, the children suffered from extensive chemical burns due to living for days in urine-soaked clothing. Perez was eventually convicted of child endangerment and adultery and sentenced to three years in prison and given a dishonorable discharge. Tiffany Klapheke is scheduled to go to trial early next year. It should be interesting to see what legal consequences she ends up bearing and compare them to those Perez suffered just for having a relationship with her and faling to intervene. National Parents Organization is a Shared Parenting Organization National Parents Organization is a non-profit that educates the public, families, educators, and legislators about the importance of shared parenting and how it can reduce conflict in children

[ 323, 2593, 1384, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 10318, 29901, 5593, 1171, 18888, 23133, 29920, 2088, 24208, 310, 10517, 2796, 4600, 358, 13, 3782, 461, 29879, 373, 323, 2593, 1384, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 10318, 29901, 5593, 1171, 18888, 23133, 29920, 2088, 24208, 310, 10517, 2796, 4600, 358, 13, 25375, 4950, 29871, 29906, 29947, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29941, 491, 4755, 21504, 29892, 382, 3044, 29889, 13, 7301, 1096, 323, 2593, 1384, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 29973, 2296, 29915, 29879, 278, 1976, 309, 1600, 29892, 10319, 5637, 1058, 471, 24383, 1833, 1629, 363, 27697, 902, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29899, 10874, 29899, 1025, 8750, 16939, 719, 29876, 762, 310, 316, 29882, 2941, 29878, 362, 322, 4439, 21305, 29878, 654, 29889, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 24799, 393, 491, 3763, 22049, 3448, 515, 599, 2211, 310, 902, 413, 4841, 29892, 278, 23947, 310, 607, 471, 2211, 472, 278, 931, 29889, 7236, 348, 2486, 29892, 278, 10974, 8745, 304, 4078, 278, 12080, 310, 278, 916, 1023, 4344, 1058, 884, 17654, 515, 316, 29882, 2941, 29878, 362, 322, 4439, 21305, 29878, 654, 29889, 1205, 896, 892, 2086, 5683, 297, 363, 16939, 719, 29876, 29889, 13, 29911, 11017, 5127, 10517, 14409, 312, 573, 15538, 3614, 16939, 719, 29876, 29915, 29879, 4892, 408, 1009, 274, 434, 304, 1369, 19214, 304, 10974, 29892, 25508, 10701, 322, 2599, 4129, 297, 1009, 3081, 304, 10628, 284, 1009, 13949, 29886, 3097, 29889, 2688, 750, 385, 1722, 934, 373, 323, 2593, 1384, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 29892, 541, 29892, 297, 5537, 362, 310, 946, 3819, 9608, 29879, 29892, 5764, 372, 1728, 263, 1101, 29899, 786, 6493, 29889, 1932, 896, 1258, 29892, 727, 29915, 29881, 1063, 694, 3158, 373, 902, 1206, 363, 29871, 29896, 29900, 7378, 29889, 450, 934, 471, 5764, 263, 4383, 310, 3841, 1434, 16939, 719, 29876, 6423, 29889, 13, 29903, 1310, 284, 1887, 315, 7024, 22873, 29892, 3704, 2428, 1730, 943, 2845, 23283, 470, 892, 7180, 373, 19185, 5967, 1494, 278, 20474, 800, 310, 946, 3819, 4612, 29899, 14340, 29889, 319, 4266, 410, 3471, 3406, 471, 10658, 491, 263, 1887, 16833, 304, 23033, 278, 946, 3819, 29889, 2266, 29915, 29879, 590, 937, 8424, 1048, 278, 1206, 313, 29940, 13152, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29900, 458, 29896, 29906, 467, 13, 10401, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 471, 24383, 29892, 1183, 5429, 278, 10974, 1183, 23181, 278, 4344, 1363, 1183, 471, 24081, 300, 393, 902, 10216, 29892, 263, 16336, 4799, 1171, 297, 278, 5593, 11004, 29892, 750, 1063, 21168, 304, 27135, 9777, 263, 1473, 931, 29889, 2296, 29915, 29879, 1063, 297, 432, 737, 7272, 292, 14260, 3926, 1951, 29892, 541, 1286, 591, 1073, 393, 902, 5995, 310, 1641, 24081, 300, 1048, 902, 10216, 29915, 29879, 18209, 338, 6763, 304, 1106, 26652, 375, 29889, 12065, 3763, 29892, 1183, 9007, 29915, 29873, 2086, 24081, 300, 304, 505, 263, 3309, 29891, 4805, 29899, 3034, 2410, 26195, 411, 1790, 3348, 293, 11422, 29889, 13, 1576, 9281, 9763, 21838, 278, 8973, 29899, 28402, 616, 310, 393, 24260, 5593, 1171, 18888, 23133, 29920, 313, 29909, 381, 11004, 10277, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29914, 29896, 29946, 29914, 29896, 29941, 467, 13, 29903, 264, 1611, 5593, 1171, 18888, 23133, 29920, 338, 20139, 411, 589, 295, 2463, 310, 13360, 29892, 2278, 1095, 4600, 358, 322, 594, 352, 22005, 29889, 23133, 29920, 471, 8471, 472, 278, 3271, 310, 323, 2593, 1384, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 322, 902, 10216, 29892, 24260, 5593, 1171, 5569, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 29892, 746, 278, 304, 1289, 1358, 6423, 297, 3111, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29896, 29906, 29889, 13, 29903, 264, 1611, 5593, 1171, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 750, 21168, 1048, 1023, 7378, 8859, 29889, 23133, 29920, 322, 323, 2593, 1384, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 892, 9701, 297, 263, 18287, 9443, 29892, 5034, 304, 28523, 2592, 515, 23133, 29920, 29915, 29879, 21746, 29871, 29941, 29906, 22514, 30098, 13, 29925, 406, 29920, 5429, 21142, 323, 2593, 1384, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 723, 7714, 902, 4344, 297, 263, 6592, 8345, 363, 3841, 541, 540, 1258, 451, 4658, 372, 471, 670, 2058, 304, 1006, 29888, 406, 29892, 5034, 304, 21746, 29871, 29941, 29906, 28523, 2592, 29889, 13, 10605, 591, 5110, 263, 2217, 1048, 825, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 756, 20186, 304, 9251, 313, 6970, 15456, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29914, 29896, 29953, 29914, 29896, 29941, 467, 13, 797, 697, 10541, 813, 1183, 7336, 1169, 1183, 20552, 278, 4344, 2999, 3064, 1363, 1183, 3282, 29915, 29873, 864, 963, 304, 367, 4586, 3448, 29889, 512, 1790, 813, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 972, 583, 14509, 23133, 29920, 1048, 825, 278, 4344, 892, 2675, 1549, 472, 278, 3271, 29889, 2296, 769, 5771, 373, 304, 1827, 278, 4344, 813, 3704, 29871, 29906, 29906, 29899, 10874, 2030, 16939, 719, 29876, 813, 892, 1090, 7915, 1009, 4152, 12080, 29889, 13, 10605, 29915, 29879, 263, 17048, 776, 310, 278, 28523, 2592, 373, 278, 1556, 4100, 2462, 310, 23133, 29920, 29915, 29879, 14260, 313, 6970, 15456, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29914, 29896, 29947, 29914, 29896, 29941, 467, 13, 3112, 29915, 29879, 5051, 4029, 29878, 9215, 29889, 16025, 1058, 11977, 373, 278, 9088, 937, 1243, 2164, 393, 1009, 7814, 267, 322, 5076, 380, 686, 515, 278, 640, 9103, 630, 4799, 2768, 278, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 25488, 29889, 17302, 916, 2712, 29892, 278, 4344, 17654, 515, 20607, 22233, 12138, 29879, 2861, 304, 8471, 363, 3841, 297, 5065, 457, 29899, 578, 12535, 1067, 6046, 29889, 13, 29925, 406, 29920, 471, 10201, 7602, 18186, 310, 2278, 1095, 4600, 358, 322, 594, 352, 22005, 322, 2665, 9223, 304, 2211, 2440, 297, 8475, 322, 2183, 263, 270, 728, 265, 272, 519, 766, 23367, 29889, 13, 29911, 2593, 1384, 476, 6984, 354, 446, 338, 21467, 304, 748, 304, 14260, 4688, 2446, 1629, 29889, 739, 881, 367, 8031, 304, 1074, 825, 11706, 27721, 1183, 10614, 701, 24638, 322, 7252, 963, 304, 1906, 23133, 29920, 17654, 925, 363, 2534, 263, 9443, 411, 902, 322, 11092, 292, 304, 26314, 29872, 29889, 13, 27325, 1459, 1237, 9205, 2133, 338, 263, 21236, 22280, 292, 9205, 2133, 13, 27325, 1459, 1237, 9205, 2133, 338, 263, 1661, 29899, 771, 9202, 393, 6320, 1078, 278, 970, 29892, 13175, 29892, 6320, 4097, 29892, 322, 13332, 4097, 1048, 278, 13500, 310, 7258, 3847, 292, 322, 920, 372, 508, 10032, 14529, 297, 4344 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.400098

-0.147628

0.761341

-0.105593

Middleton sends Bucks past Suns to tie NBA… Middleton sends Bucks past Suns to tie NBA Finals at 2-2 Milwaukee Bucks forward Khris Middleton (22) drives around Phoenix Suns forward Jae Crowder (99) during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals in Milwaukee, Wednesday, July 14, 2021. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya) PUBLISHED: July 15, 2021 at 12:31 a.m. | UPDATED: July 15, 2021 at 12:38 a.m. By BRIAN MAHONEY MILWAUKEE (AP) — Khris Middleton's big finish means these NBA Finals are just getting started. Middleton scored 40 points, including 10 straight for the Milwaukee Bucks down the stretch to send them past the Phoenix Suns, 109-103 on Wednesday night to tie the series 2-2. Middleton's hot hand and a big block from Giannis Antetokounmpo gave the Bucks their second straight victory in the first close game of the series. Antetokounmpo had 26 points, 14 rebounds and eight assists. His streak of 40-point games ended at two but the only number that matters for the Bucks is on the series scoreboard. Devin Booker scored 42 points for the Suns, but his foul trouble cost them a chance to build a big lead in the second half. Chris Paul struggled through a 5-for-13 night, finishing with 10 points and five turnovers. Game 5 is Saturday night in Phoenix. Phoenix Suns head coach Monty Williams watches from the bench during the second half against the Milwaukee Bucks in Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals Wednesday, July 14, 2021, in Milwaukee. (AP Photo/Aaron Gash) Milwaukee Bucks center Brook Lopez (11) shoots over Phoenix Suns forward Jae Crowder (99) during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals in Milwaukee, Wednesday, July 14, 2021. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya) Phoenix Suns guard Devin Booker (1) sits on the bench during the second half against the Milwaukee Bucks in Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals in Milwaukee, Wednesday, July 14, 2021. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya) Milwaukee Bucks guard Pat Connaughton (24) celebrates after making a three-point basket during the second half against the Phoenix Suns in Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals Wednesday, July 14, 2021, in Milwaukee. (AP Photo/Aaron Gash) Milwaukee Bucks forward Khris Middleton, center, drives to the basket between Phoenix Suns guard Cameron Payne, left, and forward Jae Crowder, right, during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals Wednesday, July 14, 2021, in Milwaukee. (AP Photo/Aaron Gash) Phoenix Suns forward Cameron Johnson, right, blocks a shot by Milwaukee Bucks guard Jrue Holiday during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals in Milwaukee, Wednesday, July 14, 2021. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya) Phoenix Suns forward Jae Crowder (99) blocks a shot by Milwaukee Bucks forward Khris Middleton (22) during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals Wednesday, July 14, 2021, in Milwaukee. (AP Photo/Aaron Gash) Milwaukee Bucks forward Giannis Antetokounmpo (34) shoots over Phoenix Suns center Deandre Ayton, right, during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals in Milwaukee, Wednesday, July 14, 2

[ 14253, 880, 16003, 16281, 29879, 4940, 317, 6948, 304, 22134, 21517, 30098, 13, 25411, 880, 16003, 16281, 29879, 4940, 317, 6948, 304, 22134, 21517, 9550, 29879, 472, 29871, 29906, 29899, 29906, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 6375, 476, 1092, 275, 14253, 880, 313, 29906, 29906, 29897, 25100, 2820, 29715, 317, 6948, 6375, 435, 3660, 29445, 672, 313, 29929, 29929, 29897, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29892, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 18275, 3087, 1270, 29874, 29897, 13, 7056, 13367, 3235, 29950, 3352, 29901, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 472, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29901, 29941, 29896, 263, 29889, 29885, 29889, 891, 16924, 29928, 29901, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29945, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 472, 29871, 29896, 29906, 29901, 29941, 29947, 263, 29889, 29885, 29889, 13, 2059, 350, 3960, 2190, 14861, 29950, 12413, 29979, 13, 29924, 6227, 12982, 29965, 6059, 29923, 313, 3301, 29897, 813, 476, 1092, 275, 14253, 880, 29915, 29879, 4802, 8341, 2794, 1438, 21517, 9550, 29879, 526, 925, 2805, 4687, 29889, 13, 25411, 880, 15569, 29871, 29946, 29900, 3291, 29892, 3704, 29871, 29896, 29900, 7812, 363, 278, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 1623, 278, 16116, 304, 3638, 963, 4940, 278, 29715, 317, 6948, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29929, 29899, 29896, 29900, 29941, 373, 15050, 4515, 3250, 4646, 304, 22134, 278, 3652, 29871, 29906, 29899, 29906, 29889, 13, 25411, 880, 29915, 29879, 7375, 1361, 322, 263, 4802, 2908, 515, 21569, 6994, 5459, 300, 554, 1309, 29885, 1129, 4846, 278, 16281, 29879, 1009, 1473, 7812, 15354, 297, 278, 937, 3802, 3748, 310, 278, 3652, 29889, 13, 13448, 300, 554, 1309, 29885, 1129, 750, 29871, 29906, 29953, 3291, 29892, 29871, 29896, 29946, 15121, 3885, 322, 9475, 1223, 2879, 29889, 3600, 12243, 557, 310, 29871, 29946, 29900, 29899, 3149, 8090, 9698, 472, 1023, 541, 278, 871, 1353, 393, 13750, 363, 278, 16281, 29879, 338, 373, 278, 3652, 8158, 3377, 29889, 13, 2772, 3845, 6726, 261, 15569, 29871, 29946, 29906, 3291, 363, 278, 317, 6948, 29892, 541, 670, 285, 5059, 7458, 3438, 963, 263, 8825, 304, 2048, 263, 4802, 3275, 297, 278, 1473, 4203, 29889, 12821, 3739, 10205, 839, 1549, 263, 29871, 29945, 29899, 1454, 29899, 29896, 29941, 4646, 29892, 28321, 411, 29871, 29896, 29900, 3291, 322, 5320, 24562, 874, 29889, 13, 14199, 29871, 29945, 338, 24211, 4646, 297, 29715, 29889, 13, 29925, 1251, 23534, 317, 6948, 2343, 11182, 4526, 29891, 11648, 6505, 267, 515, 278, 3856, 305, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 2750, 278, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 297, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29892, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 29909, 5022, 402, 1161, 29897, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 4818, 18737, 365, 2300, 29920, 313, 29896, 29896, 29897, 17394, 1862, 975, 29715, 317, 6948, 6375, 435, 3660, 29445, 672, 313, 29929, 29929, 29897, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29892, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 18275, 3087, 1270, 29874, 29897, 13, 29925, 1251, 23534, 317, 6948, 8372, 897, 3845, 6726, 261, 313, 29896, 29897, 269, 1169, 373, 278, 3856, 305, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 2750, 278, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 297, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29892, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 18275, 3087, 1270, 29874, 29897, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 8372, 4121, 1281, 29876, 6482, 265, 313, 29906, 29946, 29897, 10894, 1078, 1156, 3907, 263, 2211, 29899, 3149, 25972, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 2750, 278, 29715, 317, 6948, 297, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29892, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 29909, 5022, 402, 1161, 29897, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 6375, 476, 1092, 275, 14253, 880, 29892, 4818, 29892, 25100, 304, 278, 25972, 1546, 29715, 317, 6948, 8372, 20939, 265, 14617, 484, 29892, 2175, 29892, 322, 6375, 435, 3660, 29445, 672, 29892, 1492, 29892, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29892, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 29909, 5022, 402, 1161, 29897, 13, 29925, 1251, 23534, 317, 6948, 6375, 20939, 265, 11717, 29892, 1492, 29892, 10930, 263, 10322, 491, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 8372, 13843, 434, 4168, 22394, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29892, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 18275, 3087, 1270, 29874, 29897, 13, 29925, 1251, 23534, 317, 6948, 6375, 435, 3660, 29445, 672, 313, 29929, 29929, 29897, 10930, 263, 10322, 491, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 6375, 476, 1092, 275, 14253, 880, 313, 29906, 29906, 29897, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29892, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 29909, 5022, 402, 1161, 29897, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 6375, 21569, 6994, 5459, 300, 554, 1309, 29885, 1129, 313, 29941, 29946, 29897, 17394, 1862, 975, 29715, 317, 6948, 4818, 897, 392, 276, 15846, 880, 29892, 1492, 29892, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29892, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.988257

-1.855189

-0.885735

-1.906422

021. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya) Phoenix Suns forward Jae Crowder (99) reacts during the second half against the Milwaukee Bucks in Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals Wednesday, July 14, 2021, in Milwaukee. (AP Photo/Aaron Gash) Milwaukee Bucks guard Jrue Holiday (21) fights for a rebound with Phoenix Suns guard Devin Booker, right, during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals in Milwaukee, Wednesday, July 14, 2021. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya) Milwaukee Bucks forward Giannis Antetokounmpo (34) blocks a shot by Phoenix Suns center Deandre Ayton (22) during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals in Milwaukee, Wednesday, July 14, 2021. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya) Milwaukee Bucks forward Khris Middleton (22) celebrates with teammates during the second half against the Phoenix Suns in Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals in Milwaukee, Wednesday, July 14, 2021. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya) Milwaukee Bucks forward Giannis Antetokounmpo shoots over Phoenix Suns forward Jae Crowder (99) during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals in Milwaukee, Wednesday, July 14, 2021. (AP Photo/Paul Sancya) Milwaukee Bucks forward Giannis Antetokounmpo (34) blocks a shot by Phoenix Suns center Deandre Ayton (22) during the second half of Game 4 of basketball's NBA Finals Wednesday, July 14, 2021, in Milwaukee. (AP Photo/Aaron Gash) Middleton is an All-Star with unwavering confidence in his shot, always believing that matter how poorly he starts that he can turn things around. He may have turned around the course of these NBA Finals. Phoenix led by two with 2 1/2 minutes left before Middleton made the next two baskets to give Milwaukee a 101-99 edge with 1:28 to play. It appeared the Suns would tie it with a lob pass to center Deandre Ayton but Antetokounmpo swooped in to block it, flexing his muscles to the crowd behind the basket as the Bucks broke the other way on the fast break. Middleton missed a couple of jumpers but Paul lost the ball after the second one when he slipped and fell down while dribbling. That sent Middleton off for a layup and he followed with four free throws to make it 107-101. Brook Lopez had 14 points for the Bucks and Jrue Holiday added 13 points, seven rebounds and seven assists. He shot only 4 for 20, but his defense helped knock Paul off his game. Before Middleton's run, it appeared it was going to be Booker's night. He bounced back in a big way from a 3-for-14 night in Game 3 with his third 40-point game of this postseason. But he had to spend portions of the third and fourth quarters on the bench after picking up fouls and his teammates couldn't handle things without him. With the leaders of their only title team in the arena, the Bucks improved to 9-1 at home in the playoffs. They are trying to overcome a 2-0 deficit for the second time in this postseason. The Suns never got more than two wins in their two previous trips to the NBA Finals but it seemed they were finally headed there Wednesday. Booker had a big finish to the third quarter to send them to the fourth leading 82-76, but he picked up his fifth foul barely a minute into the period and sat for about five minutes. The Bucks trimmed only three points off the lead before he returned midway through the fourth, but Middleton made sure they surged ahead when it mattered. Antetokounmpo had dominated the

[ 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 18275, 3087, 1270, 29874, 29897, 13, 29925, 1251, 23534, 317, 6948, 6375, 435, 3660, 29445, 672, 313, 29929, 29929, 29897, 7657, 29879, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 2750, 278, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 297, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29892, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 29909, 5022, 402, 1161, 29897, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 8372, 13843, 434, 4168, 22394, 313, 29906, 29896, 29897, 285, 5861, 363, 263, 337, 9917, 411, 29715, 317, 6948, 8372, 897, 3845, 6726, 261, 29892, 1492, 29892, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29892, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 18275, 3087, 1270, 29874, 29897, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 6375, 21569, 6994, 5459, 300, 554, 1309, 29885, 1129, 313, 29941, 29946, 29897, 10930, 263, 10322, 491, 29715, 317, 6948, 4818, 897, 392, 276, 15846, 880, 313, 29906, 29906, 29897, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29892, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 18275, 3087, 1270, 29874, 29897, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 6375, 476, 1092, 275, 14253, 880, 313, 29906, 29906, 29897, 10894, 1078, 411, 3815, 29885, 1078, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 2750, 278, 29715, 317, 6948, 297, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29892, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 18275, 3087, 1270, 29874, 29897, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 6375, 21569, 6994, 5459, 300, 554, 1309, 29885, 1129, 17394, 1862, 975, 29715, 317, 6948, 6375, 435, 3660, 29445, 672, 313, 29929, 29929, 29897, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29892, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 18275, 3087, 1270, 29874, 29897, 13, 29316, 29893, 585, 23137, 16281, 29879, 6375, 21569, 6994, 5459, 300, 554, 1309, 29885, 1129, 313, 29941, 29946, 29897, 10930, 263, 10322, 491, 29715, 317, 6948, 4818, 897, 392, 276, 15846, 880, 313, 29906, 29906, 29897, 2645, 278, 1473, 4203, 310, 8448, 29871, 29946, 310, 20305, 29915, 29879, 21517, 9550, 29879, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29892, 5468, 29871, 29896, 29946, 29892, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29906, 29896, 29892, 297, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 29889, 313, 3301, 1963, 3747, 29914, 29909, 5022, 402, 1161, 29897, 13, 25411, 880, 338, 385, 2178, 29899, 16213, 411, 443, 2766, 369, 292, 16420, 297, 670, 10322, 29892, 2337, 1339, 15387, 393, 4383, 920, 6460, 368, 540, 8665, 393, 540, 508, 2507, 2712, 2820, 29889, 13, 3868, 1122, 505, 6077, 2820, 278, 3236, 310, 1438, 21517, 9550, 29879, 29889, 13, 29925, 1251, 23534, 5331, 491, 1023, 411, 29871, 29906, 29871, 29896, 29914, 29906, 6233, 2175, 1434, 14253, 880, 1754, 278, 2446, 1023, 289, 1278, 1691, 304, 2367, 3833, 29893, 585, 23137, 263, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29896, 29899, 29929, 29929, 7636, 411, 29871, 29896, 29901, 29906, 29947, 304, 1708, 29889, 739, 7470, 278, 317, 6948, 723, 22134, 372, 411, 263, 658, 29890, 1209, 304, 4818, 897, 392, 276, 15846, 880, 541, 5459, 300, 554, 1309, 29885, 1129, 16768, 28605, 297, 304, 2908, 372, 29892, 8525, 292, 670, 2301, 7799, 304, 278, 19174, 5742, 278, 25972, 408, 278, 16281, 29879, 14455, 278, 916, 982, 373, 278, 5172, 2867, 29889, 13, 25411, 880, 13726, 263, 7303, 310, 12500, 414, 541, 3739, 5714, 278, 8287, 1156, 278, 1473, 697, 746, 540, 20662, 2986, 322, 8379, 1623, 1550, 270, 1091, 21435, 29889, 2193, 2665, 14253, 880, 1283, 363, 263, 6568, 786, 322, 540, 5643, 411, 3023, 3889, 8026, 304, 1207, 372, 29871, 29896, 29900, 29955, 29899, 29896, 29900, 29896, 29889, 13, 29857, 554, 365, 2300, 29920, 750, 29871, 29896, 29946, 3291, 363, 278, 16281, 29879, 322, 13843, 434, 4168, 22394, 2715, 29871, 29896, 29941, 3291, 29892, 9881, 15121, 3885, 322, 9881, 1223, 2879, 29889, 940, 10322, 871, 29871, 29946, 363, 29871, 29906, 29900, 29892, 541, 670, 26406, 9213, 18232, 3739, 1283, 670, 3748, 29889, 13, 18743, 14253, 880, 29915, 29879, 1065, 29892, 372, 7470, 372, 471, 2675, 304, 367, 6726, 261, 29915, 29879, 4646, 29889, 940, 289, 20979, 1250, 297, 263, 4802, 982, 515, 263, 29871, 29941, 29899, 1454, 29899, 29896, 29946, 4646, 297, 8448, 29871, 29941, 411, 670, 4654, 29871, 29946, 29900, 29899, 3149, 3748, 310, 445, 1400, 25682, 29889, 13, 6246, 540, 750, 304, 18864, 2011, 1080, 310, 278, 4654, 322, 11582, 439, 13868, 373, 278, 3856, 305, 1156, 5839, 292, 701, 12584, 3137, 322, 670, 3815, 29885, 1078, 8496, 29915, 29873, 4386, 2712, 1728, 1075, 29889, 13, 3047, 278, 20251, 310, 1009, 871, 3611, 3815, 297, 278, 564, 2386, 29892, 278, 16281, 29879, 16710, 304, 29871, 29929, 29899, 29896, 472, 3271, 297, 278, 1708, 22450, 29889, 2688, 526, 1811, 304, 25688, 263, 29871, 29906, 29899, 29900, 822, 293, 277, 363, 278, 1473, 931, 297, 445, 1400, 25682, 29889, 13, 1576, 317, 6948, 2360, 2355, 901, 1135, 1023, 21614, 297, 1009, 1023, 3517, 3367, 567, 304, 278, 21517, 9550, 29879, 541, 372, 6140, 896, 892, 7146, 2343, 287, 727, 15050, 4515, 3250, 29889, 6726, 261, 750, 263, 4802, 8341, 304, 278, 4654, 12616, 304, 3638, 963, 304, 278, 11582, 8236, 29871, 29947, 29906, 29899, 29955, 29953, 29892, 541, 540, 18691, 701, 670, 18615, 285, 5059, 16079, 368, 263, 11015, 964, 278, 3785, 322, 3290, 363, 1048, 5320, 6233, 29889, 13, 1576, 16281, 29879, 17151, 2168, 871, 2211, 3291, 1283, 278, 3275, 1434, 540, 4133, 7145, 1582, 1549, 278, 11582, 29892, 541, 14253, 880, 1754, 1854, 896, 1190, 3192, 14432, 746, 372, 4383, 287, 29889, 13, 13448, 300, 554, 1309, 29885, 1129, 750, 8022, 630, 278 ]

1,024

CommonCrawl

-0.420391

-1.348404

-0.566541

-1.364659