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Men's Boots/Work Shoes - NB Tactical 453
High-quality, lightweight materials work together to create a boot that performs like no other on long marches as well as keeping you comfortable in high desert temperatures. The DesertLite will be your boot of choice for all desert footwear needs.
548 grams (19.3 oz)
NB Tactical 453
Men's Boots/Work Shoes
Colour:color size width
This shoe runs true to size. Order your regular athletic shoe size.
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Fashion & Beauty
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Product Page
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Get FREE SHIPPING on every shipment of $79 or more. Click for details
Cut from the heart of the tenderloin, using the finest grain-fed beef, Omaha Steaks Filet Mignon is aged to peak flavor and tenderness, vacuum wrapped and flash frozen to lock in freshness.
8 (5 oz.) Filet Mignons 464XEReg. $129.00 | Now Only $89.99
Read what our customers say
GooddddJoseph C. - Roanoke, TX
very tastyJudith B. - South Hamilton, MA
delicious, tenderTom W. - Bayfield, CO
Excellent taste and very tender. Shipped on time.James S. - Huntington, WV
Without a doubt, the best steak that I have ever tasted.James V. - New Ipswich, NH
tender, good sizeBeatrice L. - Cutler Bay, FL
Had these on the barbie last evening. Heavenly!Marcia C. - Carlsbad, CA
nice sizeDianne D. - The Villages, FL
they were very nice and tenderSusan K. - Granada Hills, CA
i have never been disappointed in your steaks. they are wonderfulEdith G. - Camino, CA
The filet mignon is always great and one of my favorites.Janet M. - Mechanicsburg, PA
Absolutely the best steaks we've had. Quality is excellent every time we've ordered them!Karen C. - Keithville, LA
Absolutely mouth-watering! Wouldn't hesitate to order more.Elaine T. - Dublin, PA
I LOVE THESE FILETS 5 + 5 STARSArt B. - Greenwood, IN
wonderfulConnie N. - Masury, OH
These were the most tender meat on the planet that just melted into deliciousness in your mouth. I would order them again and again and again. I love the proper portion sized packaging.Sharon M. - Woodbridge, VA
The best filet we have had. Just the right size for us old folks.Juliana D. - Sheridan, OR
The filet Mingnons were tender and very tasty we totally enjoyed them and will have them again.John S. - Philadelphia, PA
I always enjoy the Filet Mignons!Gay G. - Harvey, LA
Perfect size and thickness. Juicy and delicious.Andrea M. - Houston, TX
Excellent quality meat! We bought these for Christmas dinner, as it is a family tradition to have steak. We have had various quality meat from different places. Your steaks are always good. And they always arrive quickly and in good condition.Gloria D. - Maplewood, MN
Extremely tenderKenneth M. - Potomac, MD
They were tremendous.Ina S. - Vicksburg, MI
Filets are very tender and great on the grill. These are some of the best steaks we've had.John S. - South Attleboro, MA
|BONUS SAVINGS! Customers that bought this item also bought...|
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Questions about wine? Call 1-866-989-4637 to speak to our wine specialist.
- All wine prices include shipping and handling.
- Your wine and gourmet food packages will ship separately. Your wine will arrive in approximately 7 days or less from the day you place your order, unless you have requested a delayed arrival date.
- Wine products cannot be shipped to the following states: AK, HI, GA, IN, IA, KY, ME, OK, UT. Also, Local laws prevent us from shipping to certain zip code in the following states: FL, ID and NH. Information regarding states and zip codes that are not currently serviced will appear at the time that orders are placed. Offer void where prohibited by law.
- You must be 21 years of age or older to order, purchase or receive the delivery of wine.
- Wine is sold and delivered by our supplier, Wine.com, Omaha Steaks is the marketing agent.
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Back to Main Page / Back to List of Rules
Rule 315. Remittitur
Any party in whose favor a judgment has been rendered may remit any part thereof:
(a) In open court, and such remittitur shall be noted on the docket and entered in the minutes.
(b) In vacation, by executing and filing with the clerk a written release signed by him or his attorney of record, and attested by the clerk with his official seal. Such releases shall be a part of the record of the cause.
(c) Execution shall issue for the balance only of such judgment.
Source: Art. 2227, unchanged.
Oct. 29, 1940, eff. Sept. 1, 1941.
July 15, 1987, eff. Jan. 1, 1988
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Legal Notices
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Hi Timco that one is mine and shows Liverpool Docks about 1800 based on plans. Also you can go about 7 miles upriver to the Ellesmere Port Dock Complex. Again all about 200 years old but much of it remains today.
Downloads top of page. Usermade on left
Lancashire to North Wales
Location: Great Britain
Part of the sateliite series of the West Coast of UK.
14 sceneries in all set set in about 1800 as regards the static sailing ships etc in it. Download from the Stentec page detailed above. Install with scenery manager.
The sceneries follow on from each other and cover 100s of miles.
See my site page.
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History
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Comment Section
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*This outfit was worn by Josefina in the books Josefina's Surprise and Josefina Learns a Lesson*
(the name of this dress was changed to Holiday Outfit in December, 2008)
I love this outfit! It is very stylish, and I love the puffed shoulders! The Mantilla is just as nice as the dres.... the lace drapes so gracefully, and the little comb that goes into Josefina's hair is so beautiful! The little leather shoes are very sweet! I was very surprised with the pantelletes.... I thought it meant plain underwear! the little buttons and ribbons are very realistic! A++++++++++++++++++++++++ x 3005789907654!
I did not realize just how beautiful Josefina looked in this outfit until I had her wear it to cosplay another character. But it is fantastic. At first I was not too thrilled by the colors, but they do work well for the doll. The design is beautiful. My favorite aspect is the veil and mantilla. And the shoes also go well with most of Josefina's other outfits. The pantalettes are cute, though I don't always use them. A+
This outfit is much prettier in person than it looks on the website. There's a lot more color to it (red as well as the yellow and black, and hints of green). The pattern is lovely, too. I have a little trouble with the shoes, which tend to pucker in when I'm trying to put them on, but overall the fit is good. I bought it used and it is still in great condition, so I think the durability is probably high as well. A.
ETA: Here's a closeup of the fabric so you can see the pattern on it.
Post by American Girl Rescue on Oct 28, 2007 12:15:11 GMT -5
Josefina’s Christmas Dress Item# D5932 $22 (various price increases and now $32 new)
For the most blessed night of the year, la Noche Buena (Christmas Eve), Josefina wears this special outfit:
A dress made with elegant striped fabric from Tía Dolores—Josefina chose the styish pattern and sewed it by hand Ruffled pantalettes, white stockings, and black slippers A fine lace mantilla, a veil held in place by a fancy comb
I love the bright colors on the material of this dress. The pictures can never do it justice.
PC fabric on the left of Nina/ Mattel fabric on the right
The dress has a Regency style bodice with puffed, long sleeves. The empire waist is set off with a small black ribbon permanently tied in a bow.
The Mantilla is a beautiful black lacy veil that is connected to a tortoise-shell colored comb to help hold it in her hair.
tortoise shell comb and close up of mantilla material
Her undergarments are a one piece jump-suit style shift. They close in the back with velcro. They have two tiny bows and three buttons on the front. The bottom of the legs have a swipe of ribbon and ruffle.
Bows and buttons down the front of the undergarment
ribboned and ruffled hem
The outfit also comes with white cotton knee socks and slip on loafers to complete her Christmas outfit.
white knee socks and imitation leather slip on shoes
Post by QNPoohBear on Dec 31, 2008 20:09:16 GMT -5
FYI: This is now called Josefina's Holiday Outfit
I love this dress! It's so much more beautiful in person. I adore the empire waist and the little ruffles on the bodice and sleeves and the black ribbon at the waist. The socks are a little thick and white seems rather impractical. The shoes are nice and with some shoving, they fit over the socks on big PM /Goetz feet. The undergarment is so cute! The legs are a little long though. Does anyone have instructions to put the comb in easily? It didn't work on someone who wasn't Josefina. My only complaint is the product sticker on the comb that won't come off. I need to try more drastic measures than fingernails.
The dress - This is one of my all time favorite outfits for Josefina to wear. I got mine in 2004, so the dress fabric is the second edition, with a slightly more simple print. It really does not make much of a difference to me (except you would have to get a Nina from around the same year). The dress is cut with an Empire waist, and the sleeves puff at the shoulders. The dress falls to about ankle length to show the pantalettes. In case you're wondering, the ribbon edging does continue all the way around. This outfit combines the Regency style and the Spanish influence of New Mexico perfectly, and it looks wonderful on Josefina! A+
The mantilla - the veil itself is made of a relatively sturdy nylon tulle fabric. It doesn't pick easily, though I would still store it gingerly with all the velcro of American Girl. I tried to get a good picture of the embroidery detail - the edges of the veil are stitched with black flowers. The comb is attatched, fortunately, and is an imitation of tortoiseshell but I think it's just one color, without any spots; interestingly, a 2001 catalog described the comb as velvet, but mine was certainly not. The prongs of the comb are nearly horizontal making it very easy to slide into Josefina's hair. In my opinion, the outfit really needs the mantilla to look complete, and once you get it arranged correctly it adds a very Spanish touch. A+
The pantalettes - I LOVE THIS PIECE! IThe pantalettes are sewn in one-piece like a pair of overalls. The majority is made of cotton, and the straps are woven. The bottoms are gathered in ruffles with a ribbon stitched over the top. Though the piece velcros up the back, there are tiny buttons stitched to the front, as well as a white ribbon. This is kind of impressive detail, considering you'll probably never see the pantalettes without something over them. Again, these are a necessary piece because the dress would look too short otherwise - they are also very handy for the party dress and probably for Josefina's new fiesta dress. A+
The stockings - Not much to discuss here, really. They're made of stretchy, ribbed tights-like material - I have a pair of Samantha's Christmas tights and they are the same fabric. They go past Josefina's knees and are the same style as the socks of her shoes and socks. I actually pair these stockings with her party dress, too. For what they are, I give them an A.
The shoes - the shoes are kind of boring but they certainly don't detract from the dress. They are simple slip-ons, made of a thin but sturdy material that may be representative of leather. They fit well over the stockings. I have the velvet flats from the AGT First Day Outfit and these are very similar. A
Last Edit: Mar 23, 2009 14:50:33 GMT -5 by Wickfield
Post by SummerofLOV on May 7, 2009 17:19:27 GMT -5
I really like this outfit for Josefina. I was surprised to learn the dress was cotton when I received because in pictures it always looked more shiny to me, but I love that its cotton. The pantalettes, socks and shoes that come with it are a great addition, I use the shoes with other Josefina outfits as well. The best part of this set is the mantilla that comes with it, it looks so beautiful on Josefina! <b>A</b>
Post by green chile supergirl on May 30, 2009 19:42:28 GMT -5
Josefina sewed this gown all by herself, with fancy material from Abuelito and instructions from Tia Dolores's Mexico City sewing book.
I nominate this outfit for Best Value of all of Josefina's outfits. The dress is really striking. At first, I didn't particularly care for the print, but it has grown on me considerably over the years. The socks are very versatile; unlike the ones from her shoes and socks sets, these socks actually fit under her slippers- and her moccasins!
The undergarment is very elegant- my Josefina likes to wear it under all her empire-waisted dresses. The mantilla is a gorgeous addition to the outfit. I found it a bit difficult to put on Josefina when she's wearing two French braids, but it all worked out in the end.
Post by FelicityFan85 on Dec 29, 2009 16:02:49 GMT -5
This is a lovely dress for Josefina. I love the regency style and the fabric pattern. It comes with fancy undergarments, socks, shoes and a mantilla-lots of nice pieces. Josefina looks very pretty. A+!
Christmas Dress ~ I have Kaya dressed in Josefina's holiday dress. Isn't she stunning! I think her coloring is really complimented by this dress. I didn't like the pattern until I saw it in person, it was kind of dizzying at first glance. I love the thin black ribbon and bow detail. I think this dress is well worth the purchasing price. I bought this dress used so I am missing her socks and slippers but I think my alternatives still work to complete the look. Oh and the comb and mantilla are so delicate looking. It's nice to have a holiday look that's not red and green. A
Il n'y a pas de voler sans ailes. ~There is no flying without wings.~
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Fashion & Beauty
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Comment Section
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Make the Switch!
It’s easy to substitute ocean-friendly seafood in your favorite recipes. We checked in with chef and sustainable seafood advocate, Barton Seaver, to get his take on sustainable and tasty alternatives.
Here’s a list of popular, yet unsustainably fished, favorites with their more ocean-friendly replacements.
ATLANTIC BLUEFIN TUNA: replace with pole-caught Yellowfin tuna, Albacore, Wahoo
Bluefin is the king of the sea. It is the fattiest, richest fish in the sea. Bluefin’s unique flavor contributes to its great appeal. However, we have eaten our way through this species’ ranks and have forfeited our ability to consume this fish. It is a taste that may be lost for many generations to come, maybe forever. However, in most preparations Bluefin can be substituted by pole-caught Yellowfin tuna which, although not quite as elegant, is a great eating experience. For preparations such as grilled tuna, try to seek out Albacore or even the tuna cousin Wahoo.
ATLANTIC FARMED SALMON: replace with King, Sockeye, Coho, Pink & Chum Salmon
Substituting for farmed Atlantic Salmon is easy: look for the great quality salmon options from Alaska. All five species of Salmon from Alaska are great stand-ins for farmed salmon. Experiment with the different species to find the one that you like the best. King Salmon is the richest, Sockeye the gamiest, Coho the most balanced, Pink the lightest, and Chum is the most similar to farmed Atlantic Salmon in flavor.
CHILEAN SEA BASS (a.k.a. Patagonian Toothfish): replace with Alaskan Sablefish/Black Cod
As a substitute for any preparation of Chilean Sea Bass, try Alaskan Sablefish. Also know as Black Cod, these fish share the same buttery rich flesh which can be cooked using almost any method. Sablefish is available year round and is quite a bit less expensive than Chilean Sea Bass. Sablefish comes from the very well managed fisheries in Alaska, read more about this species here.
ATLANTIC COD: replace with Pacific Cod, Pacific Ling Cod or Alaskan Walleye Pollock
Atlantic cod has a very similar cousin on the west coast called Pacific Cod which is nearly an identical stand-in for most recipes. The same flaky yet dense flesh cooks with the same distinctive flavor and responds well to the wide variety of cooking methods usually written for Atlantic cod. Also try Pacific Ling Cod or Alaskan Walleye Pollock as a substitute.
FRESHWATER EEL: replace with Spanish Mackerel or American Lobster
Try Spanish Mackerel or American Lobster as a substitute for the dense fleshed Freshwater Eel. Both share a deep, rich flavor which pairs well with a preparation in which a sweetened sauce is used. Try glazing the mackerel fillet with a traditional hoisin-based sauce or a little lemon juice mixed with honey or maple syrup. For traditional Italian style dishes, the Mackerel braises equally as well as the Eel and is great when cooked slowly in white wine as part of a traditional Feast of the Seven Fishes dinner around Christmas-time.
GROUPERS: replace with Striped Bass or farmed Barramundi (U.S.)
Instead of Grouper, try Striped Bass as it has a similar sweet flavor with a thick flaky fillet. It is great with a traditional ‘blackening’ spice on the grill and also takes very well to techniques such as beer-battered and sautéed for tacos as well. There are also a number of farmed options that work quite well as a replacement. Try farmed Barramundi from the U.S. This fish has a delicate skin and clean, sweet flavor very reminiscent of smaller groupers.
ATLANTIC HALIBUT: replace with Pacific Halibut
This is a no brainer–eat Pacific Halibut. The fish come from sustainably-managed populations ranging all along the west coast of the U.S. and Canada. It is nearly the same eating experience and is oftentimes less expensive and easier to find than its Atlantic brethren.
ORANGE ROUGHY: replace with U.S. farm raised Tilapia or U.S. farmed Catfish, Pacific Halibut
Orange Roughy is a meaty white-fleshed fish which can be replaced by a number of options. Good quality farm raised Tilapia from the U.S. is a great example. Try brining the Tilapia before cooking in order to really develop the flavor of the fish. If it’s slowly roasted with a pat of butter on top, most of your dinner guests might not ever know the difference. Also try U.S. farmed Catfish or Pacific Halibut as a great substitute.
My favorite recipes for shark-like fish all start with a good marinade in acid such as lemon juice or sherry vinegar with a lot of spices.
SHRIMP: replace with Oregon Pink or Maine Pink shrimp, some U.S. farmed shrimp
There are some FANTASTIC shrimp out there that nearly no one knows about. Oregon Pink Shrimp or Maine Pinks are a delicious product that is very inexpensive and very convenient. Available all year round as a frozen product, these work well in soups, salads, cocktails, sandwiches, nearly every preparation you can imagine. They are smaller than the warm water shrimp but are clean and sweet in flavor and a real treat. There are some farm raised shrimp options available from U.S. producers which are great eating. They are only a little more expensive and you can eat well knowing that you are supporting not only eco-friendly practices but also helping to create jobs for Americans.
SNAPPERS: replace with U.S. farmed Barramundi
In recipes that call for Snapper, try U.S. farmed Barramundi. It is a clean flavored sweet flesh fish that is nearly identical to Snapper in texture. U.S. farmed Barramundi is widely available and a good price for the quality of fish that it is. It works equally as well as a whole roasted preparation as it does cooked as fillets. It’s great in ceviches as well.
YELLOWTAIL, IMPORTED: replace with U.S. farmed Yellowtail or mackerels
Instead of imported Yellowtail, try the excellent product from U.S. farms. It is a fantastic eat with a super oily, rich flesh. It is great as a raw dish but equally fantastic as a grilled or roasted dish. You can also try mackerels with recipes that call for Yellowtail. You might find a new favorite!!
ALBACORE TUNA: replace with pole -& troll-caught Albacore, Wahoo, Mahimahi
Be sure to look for pole- and troll-caught Albacore at the seafood counter. It is caught in a way that greatly reduces the environmental impact of the fishery. Albacore is a delicious species that is similar in cooking to seafood such as Wahoo and Mahimahi. All of these fish are great on the grill and Tuna and Wahoo are great cooked to medium rare. When using Mahimahi as a replacement, be sure to cook it fully for the best flavor and texture.
BIGEYE TUNA: replace with pole-caught Yellowfin or Albacore tuna, Wahoo
Look for pole- and troll-caught tuna at the seafood counter. If you cannot conclude how the fish was caught look for pole-caught Yellowfin or Albacore tuna or Wahoo as a substitute. All of these species are great on the grill and are best when cooked to medium rare.
QUEEN CONCH: replace with mullels, clams, lobster
There are many options when it comes to conch. Depending on the recipe you are using Conch can be substituted for by mussels, clams, and even lobster. If you are making a ceviche-style preparation try using steamed and chilled mussels. If making fritters try using ground or chopped clams as a base. If you are making sautéed cutlets, then American lobster makes for a great ocean-friendly replacement.
ATLANTIC FLOUNDERS: Pacific Sole (U.S. & Canada), Pacific Halibut, Sablefish
Pacific Sole–including Rock Sole, Dover Sole, Petrale Sole and Yellowfin Sole from the U.S. and Canada–are the closest substitute for this perennial favorite seafood. Flatfish all share a sweet yet mild flavor and a delicate texture that deserves accolades. The Pacific Soles listed above are a near exact trade while larger fish such as Pacific Halibut and Sablefish provide the same cooking qualities and will work with most recipes. When using Pacific Halibut you can slice thick fillets into thinner pieces so as to approximate the same cooking times and textures.
HOKI: replace with Walleye Pollock, Sablefish
Walleye Pollock is a great no-brainer sub for Hoki. Nearly identical in cooking qualities, it will stand-in perfectly in any recipe. Also try Sablefish for a slightly different texture with a sweeter, more pronounced flavor.
OCTOPUS: replace with Argentine or Longfin Squid
In almost any situation Argentine or Longfin Squid can be a great substitute for Octopus. Squid however does not need nearly as much time to cook as Octopus. Squid does remarkably well with a quick grill or a minute under the broiler. It pairs well with the Mediterranean flavors often combined with octopus.
WEST COAST ROCKFISH: replace with Striped Bass, Pacific Halibut
Not to be confused with the regional East Coast name for Striped Bass, rockfish belong to a family of fish with over 60 species found along the West Coast. Striped bass does, however, provide a great substitute as it shares the same dense yet flaky characteristics with a robust flavor that stands up to strong spices. Also try Pacific Halibut as it cooks in about the same time and can be a good substitute for many of the rockfish species.
STEELHEAD: replace with Alaskan Salmon, Sockeye
It’s very easy to trade any of the Alaskan Salmon for Steelhead. All have the same characteristic rosy-orange flesh and unique salmon flavor. My favorite is probably Sockeye in that it matches the Steelhead in terms of the gamey intense flavor that people love.
“One of the most important sustainable practices you can participate in is decreasing the portion of the protein in your meals. Eating larger quantities of vegetables and grains has an immediate, positive affect on both our ocean and our health. Eat delicious seafood often – just eat reasonable portions, combine it with copious quantities of fresh local vegetables, and support the fishermen and farmers who provide for our well-being.” –Chef Barton Seaver
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Food & Dining
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Listicle
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Almost in every Russian village there is a story about a drowned tractor. Many tractors were being drowned during the Soviet period. During Soviet period of Russia all the vehicles belonged to a governmental structures and all the people worked in those structures, there were no any private farmer. So the governmental property was not treated with care. Often drunk tractor drivers were fond of visiting lakes and rivers accompanied with Russian girls for some swimming and just for tractor riding fun (during Soviet period there were almost no passenger cars in private ownership in Russian countryside). Often such trips were finished with a drowned tractor. Just like on the pictures below:
What else can be done – just some silent observation of the fact.
It’s interesting, the buckle of this machine is moving, is it a result of some short circuit convulsion?
I bet those guys are passers by from some major Russian city. People in Russian cities are also amused on facts happening in the countryside. The sign that the guy in a light coat is showing means “bottle of vodka”. At the end of Soviet era (80s) there was an alcohol prohibition across the Soviet Union, and different taxi drivers, truck drivers or just people driving across Russian roads carried some extra bottle of vodka as a source of income, if he saw somebody on the roadside showing such a sign that meant that he is not a hitchhiker but he is expressing an interest in buying a bottle or two.
The old guy seems to be unhappy. Unhappy with the tractor in the water and unhappy with an extra attention being paid from the side of the photographer.
Here is how the vehicle would be rescued. Another tractor is going to pull it out from the water.
But why there is one more tractor?
Mission is completed, and that’s nice.
Nowadays it seems to be also a common fun on riding a tractor in some changed state of mind. How else such things can be explained? By the way in North-West regions of Russia each fall there are a lot of psychedelic mushrooms can be found across the fields and forests. They contain an active drug psilocybin, it has the same nature as mescaline of Mexican magic mushrooms or LSD, the strongest hallucinogenic drug. I am not sure that tractor drivers are fond of using this kind of fun, though some people in Russia are sure that ability to get a rich crop of such mushrooms freely without any expense except a fast trip into nearby forest is the gift from some Higher beings. Who knows.
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History
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Personal Blog
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Tuesday, 10 July 2012
This is still a work in progress. I've just ordered some Tim Holtz Hitch Fasteners to go on the front of the drawer but as I haven't posted anything for a while again and I'm supposed to be making more of an effort I thought I'd put it on anyway.
The papers are by Do Crafts
The stamp and sentiment are by Crafter's Companion
The banner stamp is from a set by Do Crafts
The image is part coloured with Twinkling H2Os and part paper pieced
The flowers and leaves on the left are dies by Marianne Designs
The leaves on the right are a die by Little Claire Designs
Oh and the fancy scalloped edging is a die from the Spellbinders Edgeablities range.
I think that's covered everything. :0)
Wednesday, 27 June 2012
I have a friend who likes me to make special cards for her for her family but she usually has a very clear idea about what she wants on it. This can be both a blessing and a curse. For her dad's 50th she wanted a card with a picture of a motorbike on it, balloons, glitz but very masculine glitz and on the outside she wanted "To a Dad" and on the inside "who makes turning 50 look cool"
The photo of the motorbike I got off the internet which I mounted onto black and then silver metalic card. The patterned paper is by Hot off the Press (I think) which I added silver and black gems to. The balloons and lettering on the front were made using dies by Go Kreate.
For the inside I printed the words on the computer and then added the 50 which I made using my Cricut. I again added little silver gems to the 0 to add the bling. To finish I stamped the image of the bike onto white card then cut round it and added it to the bottom corner.
Thursday, 14 June 2012
Monday, 31 October 2011
The Cute Card Thursday Challenge this week is a sketch and here is my interpretation of it.
The papers are by My Minds Eye.
The snowman stamp is by Fun Stamps and coloured with Twinkling H2Os.
The snowflakes are made with a paper punch.
I made these cards for the ABC Christmas Challenge which this week is Vintage. Well I actually wanted to try out my new stamp from Crafty Individuals and the ABC Christmas challenge just happened to fit my cards but it amounts to the same thing. :0)
The papers for both cards are by Kars which I've distressed using scissors.
As previously stated the stamp is by Crafty Individuals (fab website and they sent not one, but two free gifts with my order - lovely surprise). The image is coloured with Twinkling H2Os. The snowflakes are made using paper punches.
This week's Penny Black Challenge is a sketch. This is my interpretation of it.
The papers are all by My Minds Eye.
The image is a Penny Black coloured with Twinkling H2Os.
The snowflakes are paper punches with small gems in the centre.
The swirl is a Sizzix die which I've customised.
This weeks "Less is More" Challenge is "Stars" Having looked through all my stamps this is about the only one I have that has stars on it. It is of course a gorgeous Penny Black Stamp which I've coloured with Twinkling H2Os. The sentiment is from the Fizzy Moon collection by Trimcraft.
Wednesday, 7 September 2011
My friend asked me to make this card following the birth of her new baby sister Jessica.
The wording and is done using dies by Quickutz. The flower is another die but by Marrianne Designs. The little giraffe is cut out from some papers by Dovecraft?
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Personal Blog
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I am so damn tired of Nicki. …
Comment posted New Music: Nicki Minaj ft. Cassie – Boys by Ashley.
I am so damn tired of Nicki. Been waiting for her to fade away and take a permanent seat for a long time now.
Recent comments by Ashley
- Chad Johnson Tattoos Evelyn’s Face On His Leg
Boo Boo the Fool escapade #32,938
- [Video] HBO’s Hard Knocks Airs Chad Johnson Being Cut From The Miami Dolphins
Damn that was awkward as hell to watch… I bet Chad is gon’ cry in the car too.
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Is there a limit to how deep heads can bury themselves in the sand?
Read More »
Despite the Fed's aggressive inflating of the money supply, the metals remain water logged.
There is nothing unusual about a 2 to 3 week correction in a roaring bull market.
The S&P appears to be consolidating at the 1400 level.
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News Article
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OCCA turns on lights for Christmas season, announces schedule of activities for Santa
The Old Colorado City Associates (OCCA) commercial group has announced its plans for Christmas.
These include the traditional Santa Claus in the Bancroft Park cabin starting Friday, Nov. 27, as well as Breakfast with Santa Saturday, Dec. 5 from 8 to 11 a.m. at Thunder & Buttons.
The OCCA also has started turning on its strands of multicolored lights in the large spruce tree beside Old Town Plaza and on garlands wrapped around poles between 24th and 27th streets along Colorado Avenue.
An “official Old Colorado City Christmas Tree Lighting Ceremony” is scheduled Tuesday, Nov. 24 at 4 p.m., in the parking lot of the Old Town Plaza at 25th Street and West Colorado Avenue. However, approval for this activity is still needed from the Old Town Plaza board (see adjoining story).
OCCA gives the title, “It's Christmas in Old Colorado City” to its promotions for the holiday season.
An added Santa perk this year will be the offer of a free 5-by-7 photo for each child who visits him, according to OCCA President Charles Irwin. An Old Colorado City photography business will process each photo over a one-hour span, thus giving visitors a chance to visit the shops while they wait, he said.
Santa's dates in the cabin will be Nov. 27-29 and Dec. 5-6, 12-13, and 19-24. The times will be noon to 5 each day except Christmas Eve, when he will get off at 4 p.m.
Irwin thanked Colorado Springs Utilities volunteers for recently putting up the OCCA's garland lights. The lights on the spruce tree had been left up since last year. To be on the safe side, Irwin said that board members recently checked for problems in the tree and found no electrical issues (despite the year-long exposure) except for a plug that had to be replaced because of “squirrel damage.”
Irwin had previously announced that the OCCA would have less money to spend on Christmas this year because of tight finances. However, he said the group experienced significant saving in bringing in a new Santa.
In related Old Town activities... The Unforget-table Images photography business, 2501 W Colorado Ave #109, will provide free services through Dec. 10 for “all military families with deployed family members,” a press release states.
Also, the Colorado City Creamery, 2602 W. Colorado Ave., will be a Westside turkey drop for Care and Share. “Bring a turkey to the Colorado City Creamery during the week of Nov. 16 and receive a single ice cream cone for free,” a press release states.
Westside Pioneer article
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Cyclopædia of Political Science, Political Economy, and the Political History of the United States
INTEREST is the product, the increase (incrementum), the return (reditus) from capital. When interest represents the sum paid at fixed periods by the borrower to the loaner of capital, it retains its generic name, or takes the more special designation of rent or income. The price charged by the proprietor for the use of land leased by him, is rent. The term income is more particularly applied to the product of capital employed in commerce, agriculture or manufactures. In brief, interest signifies equally the profit the capitalist derives from the direct employment of his capital, and the return he receives for granting its use to others for a certain length of time.
—No difficulty can arise with respect to the profits of a capitalist who employs his own capital: the interest on capital is in this case blended with the product of his labor. If a field be cultivated, or a workshop used by its owner, he has to render no account to any one. The operation is in a certain sense a domestic one, giving rise to nothing requiring regulation. Whether the capital employed by its possessor returns 5 per cent. or 20 per cent., whether it is productive or unproductive, concerns only the producer—pertains only to the proprietor. Nothing in relation to it comes within the province of legislation, which only extends to matters which affect relations among men. But the moment the owner of capital so far relinquishes its use as to lease it, if it be immovable property, or to loan it at interest, if it be movable property, a contract is formed between the one who delivers and the one who receives. From this contract arise rights and obligations for each of the contracting parties, which it is for the law to determine for the advantage of both parties; and consequences also arise from it which it is the mission of political economy to observe, in order to deduce from them, as much for the benefit of individuals as of society, the lessons of experience.
—I. LOANS AT INTEREST. Is it permissible to loan at interest? Can one legitimately derive a product from his capital, a revenue from his money? On this question, which no longer seems to be one, the world, until toward the latter part of the last century, was divided. Loans at interest had in their favor the constant practice of peoples, especially of those noted for their progress in wealth, commerce and industry; on the other side were the oracles of religion and the doctors of the law. Now that theology has become more humane on this point, and jurisprudence has relaxed its rigor, socialism has taken up the thesis of the abolition of interest. The sophism has only changed defenders. Instead of justifying this interference with capital on the ground of charity or in consequence of unenlightened views in regard to morality, appeal is now made to envy and the anarchical passions.
—The (so-called) laws of Moses recognized the legitimacy of loaning at interest, for it was only prohibited the Jews in their relations with their own countrymen, who were considered as members of the same family; and credit transactions with foreigners, as well as commercial ones, were wholly free. The laws of Solon, made for an essentially commercial people, placed no restriction or limit on the employment of money. At Rome, the severity of the legislation on this subject only provoked disobedience. Capital, which was persecuted, became exacting in proportion to the risks to which it was exposed. Nowhere was theory more strangely in contradiction with practice. Cato, who compared usury (i.e., interest) to assassination, was himself an avaricious and pitiless usurer; and the stern Brutus loaned at 48 per cent. per annum.
—In the middle ages the civil and religious authorities were in accord in prohibiting loans at interest. This interdiction, already written in the capitularies of Aix la Chapelle, in 789, was perpetuated in French law until the revolution of 1789. But, during this long millenium, the observance of the legal precept was purely nominal. To evade it, recourse was had to subtleties without number. First the bill of exchange, and afterward the establishment of annuities, furnished the most simple and usual means. Later, people came to tolerate loans by note, discount, and every species of money negotiation between tradesmen. Sovereigns themselves needed to borrow, and were obliged to submit to the conditions of money-lenders. Everywhere the force of circumstances overcame the obstacle of antiquated and anti-social legislation.
—The prejudice against loans at interest may be traced back to the time of Aristotle, and has its source in his writings. The following are the terms in which the Greek philosopher teaches the too-well-known doctrine of the sterility of money: "The acquisition of wealth being double, that is to say, at once commercial and domestic, the latter necessary and rightfully esteemed, the former not less justly despised as not being natural and not resulting from the sale of commodities, it is quite right to execrate usury, because it is a mode of acquisition born of money itself and not giving it the destination for which it was created. Money should serve only for exchange, and the interest of it increases it, as its Greek name sufficiently indicates. Here the fathers are absolutely like the children: interest is money which is the issue of money, and of all acquisitions, it is that most contrary to nature." The anathema pronounced by Aristotle against trade in money, extends, as may be seen, to every kind of commercial operation. He did not comprehend, though living in the midst of people pre-eminently commercial, the utility of the rôle commerce plays in society. He did not see that to bring nations into contact with each other, to open the ways to markets, to place products within the reach of consumers, was to give them value, was, in a certain sense, to produce them.
—In a treatise aimed against loans at interest, another Greek moralist, Plutarch, exclaims: "What! you are men, you have feet, hands, and a voice, and you say you do not know how to get a living! The ants neither borrow nor lend; yet they have not hands, or arts, or reason; but they live by their labor, because they are content with things necessary. If people were willing to be content with things necessary, there would be no more usurers than there are centaurs." Plutarch here alludes to the rich who expended money in excess of their income, and who ruined themselves by loans contracted to give free indulgence to passing fancies; but, even in those times, the debauchees and prodigals were not the only ones who borrowed. There were already industries which needed capital, and traders who had recourse to interest loans, or loans for a share in the profits to bring their operations to an end or to extend them. The treasures accumulated by saving acquired by commerce, or obtained by victory, were not always dissipated in luxury and in pleasures; they sometimes served to stimulate production and to develop wealth. Money was at that time an instrument of labor. The capitalists who loaned it for that use, rendered service to borrowers and to society. They had consequently a right to receive pay for this service. Plutarch, on account of his preoccupation with the abuses of loans at interest, failed to perceive their good results.
—The fathers of the church who treated this question, only copied Aristotle and Plutarch. "The lenders," said St. Basil, "enrich themselves by the poverty of others; they derive advantage from the hunger and nakedness of the poor. To take interest, is to gather where one has not sown." St. Chrysostom, insisting on this argument, exclaims, in a style loaded with metaphors: "What is there more unreasonable than to sow without land, without rain, without a plowshare? All those who devote themselves to that damnable agriculture, harvest only tares. * * * Let us, then, cut off these monstrous children begotten of gold and silver, let us stifle this execrable fecundity * * *." St. Ambrose, St. Augustine and St. Jerome held the same language. The following is a dilemma of the latter, which, if it is inspired by charity, is hardly so by logic: "Have you loaned to him who had, or to him who had not? If he had, why loan to him? If he had not, why do you ask of him more, as if he had?"
—It is easy to reply that if one loans to those who have, it is because they do not always hold all their resources at their full disposal, and a timely loan of money permits them to await the receipt of their revenues. As to those who possess nothing, by loaning them capital one gives them the means of making their labor productive; one places in their hand the lever of wealth. If they had no credit, they would be still poorer; and they should at least, in consideration of the unexpected good, pay for the use of the money they have borrowed.
—Another doctor in the church, Gerson, the author of "Imitation of Christ," says: "It is better that there be some light usuries which procure help for the indigent, than to see them reduced by poverty to theft, waste of property, and selling their furniture and immovable property at a very low price."
—The church also condemned sales on time, as a stipulation was made in them in regard to interest on deferred payments. This was, according to the schoolmen, "to sell time, which can not be sold, since God has made it common to all." Strange to say, this maxim of the canon law was first proclaimed by the council of Coventry, in England, the very country where the popular adage, "Time is money," was afterward invented.
—But no one carried the prejudice against loans at interest (which, since the ninth century, had been stigmatized by the name of usury) farther than Luther, the originator of the religious reformation. His view of the subject is thus given in his "Table Talk": "The civil laws themselves prohibit usury. To exchange anything with any one and gain by the exchange is not a deed of charity; it is robbery. Every usurer is a robber worthy of the gibbet. I call those usurers who loan at five or six per cent. To-day, at Leipzig, he who loans a hundred florins, asks forty for them at the end of the year as interest on his money. Do you think God will tolerate such a thing? There is nothing under the sun I hate so much as that city of Leipzig; there is so much usury, avarice, insolence, trickery and rapacity there."
—More passion than knowledge entered into the judgment given by Luther. The Roman church had at that time relaxed its severity in regard to loans at interest. Its allies, the Florentines, had become rich by trading in money throughout Europe. In inveighing against bankers, Luther thought he was also inveighing against popes. Calvin showed better judgment, in not allowing himself to be turned from the examination of doctrines by considerations of party or of persons. He vigorously attacked the economic theory of Aristotle on the sterility of money. "Money, it is said, does not beget money. And does the sea produce it? Is it the fruit of a house, for the use of which, nevertheless, I receive a rent? Is money begotten, to speak properly, from the roof and walls? No, but the earth produces it; the sea bears ships which serve in a productive commerce, and with a sum of money a comfortable dwelling may be procured. If, then, more profit can be derived from money negotiations than from the cultivation of a field, why should not the possessor of a sum of money be permitted to derive from it any sum whatever, since the proprietor of a sterile field is permitted to lease it for a farm rent? And when land is acquired by the payment of money, does not this capital produce an annual revenue? What, pray, is the source of the profits of the merchant? His industry, you will say, and his diligence. Who doubts that money unemployed is useless wealth? He who demands capital, apparently wishes to use it as an instrument of production. It is not then from the money itself that the profit comes, but from the use that is made of it." (Calvin's letters.)
—Doctrines have as much influence as laws on the development of public prosperity. Protestant nations certainly owe to Calvin their superiority to Catholic nations, since the sixteenth century, in commerce and manufactures. Freedom to loan for interest gave rise in them to credit; and credit has doubled their power.
—Not until two centuries later did Montesquieu dare, for the first time in France, to profess the same principles. "Money," says the author of the "Spirit of Laws," "is the sign of values. It is clear that he who needs this sign should hire it, as he does other things he needs. * * * It is indeed a very kind act to loan money to a person without interest; but we perceive that this can only be a religious precept and not a civil law. In order that commerce be successful, money must have a value. If money has no value, no one will loan it, and the merchant can no longer undertake anything. I err in saying that no one will loan it. The business of society must always go on: usury becomes established, but with the disadvantages always experienced from it. The law of Mohammed confounds usury with interest. Usury increases, in Mohammedan countries, in proportion to the severity of the prohibition. The lender indemnifies himself for the peril of the contravention."
—Montesquieu here, under cover of his criticism of the laws of Mohammed, brings a charge against Christian society. Loaning at interest was still under condemnation in France, both by the canons of the church and the laws of the state, at the time when the "Spirit of Laws" appeared. A magistrate could less openly brave that double authority than any other citizen. Hence the artifice of the author. He applies his criticism to the past, or transfers it to the Orient. It is for French society to recognize itself in the picture, if it desires. The following reign relieved writers from that somewhat hypocritical reserve; and political economy, in the writings of Turgot, set forth principles with entire freedom.
—The constituent assembly sanctioned these principles. The law of Oct. 12, 1789, by proclaiming the legitimacy of loans at interest, put an end to a controversy which had been prolonged for twenty centuries: "All private citizens, bodies, communities and mortmain people" (i.e., those holding property which they could not alienate) "shall be able henceforth to loan for a fixed time, for interest stipulated according to the rates determined by law." The new law was written, in terms no less explicit, in article 1905 of the civil code, thus: "It is permitted to stipulate interest for a simple loan, whether of money or provisions or other movable property."
—Since that time loans at interest have been in accordance with civil law in France. Is this likewise natural law? Can reason, based upon the principles of morality and public utility, approve what the law declares? The Catholic church itself no longer contests it. If any are still doubtful on this point, we would refer them to the fine dissertations of the Cardinal of Luzerne and Cardinal Gousset. And as to the jurists who still rely on the arguments of Pothier, they have only to read the learned and often eloquent refutation of them given by M. Troplong, in his "Treatise on Loans." But the thesis which jurisprudence and theology have abandoned, has become a revolutionary commonplace. Loans at interest could find no favor with the socialistic school, which has declared war on capital, and on whose banner is inscribed: "Property is robbery." The theological school, in its arguments against interest loans, showed itself inconsistent. While it forbade the capitalist to collect a monthly or an annual due for the money borrowed of him, it permitted the landowner to lease his land in consideration of a farm rent, and to grant the use of his house to a tenant for a stipulated sum. The prohibition consequently applied to the form of the investment and not to the investment itself. The capitalist was prohibited, not from investing his capital, but from investing it in a certain manner. For lack of having analyzed the nature and having followed in its course the circulation of wealth, and, in consequence, of taking the sign for the thing signified, and the precious metals for value, a sort of embargo was put on money. In virtue of a preconceived theory which represented money as a sterile metal, they really impressed it with sterility.
—It is clear, however, that if the possessor of a sum of money has not the right to make it productive and to derive a revenue from it, the possessor of land could not, with any better right, lease it to a farmer to cultivate, in consideration of an income or rent from it. The earth, in fact, does not spontaneously engender a revenue any more than does money. Under both forms, capital is only the instrument of labor. He who receives it, must pay the price to him who leases it. The borrower owes the price in both cases, or he owes it in neither. There is no way of getting out of this dilemma.
—"Coined money," says M. Troplong very justly, "the creation of man and not of nature, is in turn utilized as a commodity, or as a sign of values, without there being any reason to cry out against this two-fold employment of it. It must submit to the condition of matter, which is to be a slave of man, and must serve all the uses and necessities that it can reasonably satisfy. So far, then, from disparaging the means of acquisition invented by the genius of man, in imitation of the natural and primitive means of acquisition, we should, on the contrary, recognize that this is the masterpiece of civilization, which opens to social activity new careers, new sources of labor, new and admirable means of promoting comfort among the classes who have inherited no wealth. Plutarch thought he was overwhelming the loaners by an irresistible argument, when he told them that they made something out of nothing. But, without knowing it, he gave the finest eulogy on credit which derives wealth from sterility. Money is no more impressed with infecundity than everything around us; for there is nothing productive for man save what is fertilized by labor or utilized by necessities which pay for their satisfaction. What would the earth produce, save tares and thistles, without the plowshare? What revenue would a house give its owner, if the necessity of a dwelling did not oblige a neighbor to lease it? * * Money becomes productive by the need the borrower has of it, the same as a building becomes productive by the need the tenant experiences of occupying it. Money is sterile only when it remains unemployed. Hence we see the confusion into which the canonists fall, when, granting that money may be made productive by industry, they insist on saying that in interest loans, it is the industry of the borrower, which, keeping the money active, renders it productive, and that, since the lender has no part in that industry, he should have no part in the benefits it procures. But what matters it to the lender what use the borrower makes of the loan? * * It is about as if the lessor of property should have scruples about the legitimacy of his contract because the tenant who rented his house did not occupy it. * * The price the lender receives is not a part of the profit the borrower will make by his industry; it is the price of the transfer which the lender makes to him, for a certain time, of the ownership of a sum that he has declared will be useful to him: a price the legitimacy of which rests on the deprivation the lender imposes upon himself, and on the advantage alleged by the borrower, usura propter usum."
—What M. Troplong here affirms, with general assent, is exactly what socialism denies. "He who lends," says Proudhon, "in the ordinary conditions of the trade of the lender, does not deprive himself of the capital which he lends; he lends it, because he has nothing to do with it for himself, being sufficiently provided with capital; he loans it, in short, because it is neither his desire, nor within his power, to give it value himself; because in keeping it in his hands, this capital, sterile by nature, would remain sterile; while, by the loan and the interest resulting from it, he produces a profit which enables the capitalist to live without labor." (From third letter to M. Bastiat.)
—That eminent economist, M. Bastiat, whose early loss to economic science we deplore, has remarked that this argument attacks sales as well as loans. If it can be alleged that the possessor of a sum of money does not deprive himself of it, by loaning it, why could we not say the same of the one who sells commodities which he possesses in too great abundance? The system of Proudhon would render every commercial transaction impossible, because there is not a single one which is not based on interest on the capital invested.
—But we do not need to appeal to analogies nor to enter upon comparisons, to refute a theory based on a position outside of facts accepted by everybody, and in opposition to these facts. Let us go directly to the root of the sophism. Socialism claims that the loan should not bear interest while the one who loans does not deprive himself, and that the lender suffers no privation while the capital loaned would remain sterile in his hands. This is an absolutely gratuitous allegation. First, if the capital borrowed must not produce interest, I can not see why the capitalist should part with it in favor of the borrower. People keep money only to derive an income from it; and if money must remain unproductive, people will cease to loan it. This will be the end of credit.
—But nothing appears to have a weaker foundation than this thesis of the necessary unproductiveness of capital in the hands of the capitalist. In one form or another, a capitalist always employs his money. He loans it at interest only when other forms of investment offer either a less return or one more uncertain; but in lack of a profitable loan, what prevents him from employing his money in agriculture, manufactures or commerce? It is surely lawful for him to buy land or a manufactory; and if he does not wish to put his own hand to the work, he can always take an agriculturist or a manufacturer as a partner, invest his funds in a joint stock association, or obtain shares in some marine enterprise or in railroads. In interdicting loans at interest, the socialists have forgotten to interdict association or to close the ways to human activity.
—The socialists, however, more consistent in this than the canonists, prohibit rent of land as well as interest on money. For them, the productiveness of capital, as Proudhon does not hesitate to say, is a pure fiction. What is there, if one reasons in this way, real in the world? Will the socialists always have eyes only not to see? The earth, from one end to the other of the countries which civilization has touched with its wand, recounts the marvels of capital. Capital is everywhere present. It is the universal motor, the soul of industry; it is the trace of the sojourn or the passage of man on the earth, that which distinguishes culture from barbarism. The power of a people is measured by the extent of its accumulation of labor. A farm in Beance, in France, of the same extent of land as could be bought in Canada or New Zealand for $800, would cost $80,000; and in an uninhabited country it can be had for nothing. Whence the difference in value? From the fact that the land which the colonists buy in New Zealand, for instance, is land yet to be tilled, land without capital; while he who acquires a domain in Beauce pays for the capital incorporated in it. The productiveness of soil enriched by fertilizers, improved by cultivation, provided with cattle and instruments of tillage, furnished with farm buildings and dwellings, and near to great markets—all these make the difference.
—And should the owner of this wealth, which often represents the accumulated labor of many centuries, rent it for nothing, like land covered with bushes and brambles, such as met the eyes of the first occupant? Not only would this be contrary to equity, but it would be physically impossible. A state of society in which proprietors who did not cultivate the soil with their own hands should be condemned to give it over, without compensation, to farmers who would derive the benefits of the labor previously expended on it, in addition to the profits from their own labor, would not be long in coming to an end. The abolition of rent would speedily entail the abolition of property.
—The socialistic theory of exchange belongs to a purely imaginary world. At no period of history has it even begun to be applied. Suppose men reduced to their own powers in a newly forming society. As certain individuals prove to be more richly endowed by nature or make a better use of their faculties, there will necessarily be workmen who will produce more than others, whose products will not find their equivalents in exchange, and will form an excess, a reserve, a capital; hence inequality of conditions and of fortunes. This inequality, when it exists, is transmitted or may be transmitted. Property implies inheritance. When we recognize in man the right to dispose of the results of his labor, we are inevitably led to admit that he may dispose, by the same right, of the results of labor which have been accumulated by him or his ancestors—in a word, of capital. To arrest this natural direction of human activity, the Banque du Peuple is a poor invention. [An allusion to a "People's Bank" instituted by Proudhon for the suppression of capital. E. J. L.] It would not, in fact, be sufficient to abolish rent of money and rent of land; it would be necessary, by a more radical and more logical process, to go so far as to abolish property. Communism is the last term of that theory, in which a subtle mind has imperfectly succeeded in disguising the absurdity and violence of the ideas by the novelty and charm of the form.
—II. RATE OF INTEREST. The legitimateness of loans at interest is to-day recognized in the principal states of Europe. But while abandoning the ground of absolute prohibition, governments have not had the courage openly to avow the doctrines of liberty. Just as it is sought to protect agriculture and manufactures against foreign competition, it is claimed that the cause of the borrower may be defended against the lender, and of the poor against the rich, by fixing the rate of interest or limiting it by the establishment of a maximum. Whoever, in loaning, exceeds this legal rate, exposes himself to a penalty. Usury no longer signifies the interest on money. This word, modified from its primitive sense, takes an opprobrious meaning, and becomes a mark of infamy. To invest one's money at a rate the law discountenances, is called practicing usury, and is to commit a crime.
—The laws which interdicted loans at interest have had their day; the laws which regulate the rate of interest will pass away in like manner. By examining the effects of this legislation, it is easy to show that it defeats its purpose. What is proposed to be accomplished by excepting money from the common rule of values, the level of which is determined by competition in the market? It is desired to prevent the price of that commodity from rising beyond measure, or, in other words, to oppose a barrier to the rise in interest. Now, observation teaches us that the more restrictions the laws have placed upon trade in money, in the past, the higher has become the rent of capital. The penalties against usury give rise to it or develop it; they are an added risk to those naturally connected with investments of capital. In compensation for this additional peril, the lender can not fail to demand a premium. The laws which augment the risk also discourage competition. The number of lenders and the amount of the disposable capital then diminishes, the number and eagerness of the borrowers remaining the same; and people are then astonished at the high price of the commodity, when they have done all they could to produce this condition of the market!
—In ancient times, the peoples who allowed the greatest liberty in the investment of capital were also those who saw commerce and the industries flourish in their midst, and among whom borrowers obtained the most moderate terms from lenders. The nations, on the contrary, who gave no latitude to credit transactions, or security for credits, were obliged to submit to pay more dearly than others for money. The history of Athens and that of Rome present conspicuous and instructive types of this contrast. At Rome a debtor who did not meet his engagements when due became the slave of the creditor. At Athens the right of the creditor to the person of the debtor was abolished by the laws of Solon. Solon did not attempt to regulate the interest on money, and no trace of usury laws is found in the annals of that commercial republic. The rate of interest at Athens varied according to the circumstances and with the security offered by borrowers. The lowest rate appears to have been 10 per cent.: this was in fact a very moderate charge for movable capital, at a time when the income from land was 12 per cent. to those who did not work their lands themselves, and when maritime commerce, which attracted money as well as men, borrowed at from 20 per cent. to 36 per cent., and when the industries, employing slaves as workmen, returned fabulous profits. The interest on money was in proportion to the profits on labor; and here we see why the question of debts, that permanent cause of troubles in the Roman empire, never excited either commotions or political agitations in Greece.
—In the early days of the Roman republic the rate of interest was not regulated by law. M. Troplong considers this latitude in regard to transactions as the cause of the oppression the people suffered from the patricians. But did the law of the Twelve Tables, which fixed the interest at 10 per cent. per annum, diminish the ravages of usury at Rome, and bring about a fall in interest? M. Troplong himself cites from Titus Livy and Plutarch numerous instances which superabundantly prove the contrary. Montesquieu was not in error on this point. "As the Roman people," he says, "were daily becoming more powerful, the magistrates sought to flatter them by having such laws enacted as were most pleasing to them: capital was restricted; interest diminished and finally prohibited; bodily constraint was taken away; and at last the abolition of debts was proposed, whenever a tribune wished to render himself popular. These continual changes, either by laws or by piebiscits, naturalized usury at Rome; for the creditors, seeing the people their debtors, their legislators and their judges, had no longer any confidence in contracts. The people, like discredited debtors, could borrow only at high rates; and this was the more so, because, though the laws only occasionally interfered, the complaints of the people were continuous, and always intimidated the creditors. Thus were all honorable means of loaning and borrowing abolished at Rome, and a frightful usury became established."
—The results in modern times have been the same. The only nations or states in which the trade in money has been most regular and confined to reasonable limits, are the very ones where the greatest freedom in money transactions has been tolerated or authorized. It is sufficient to mention Genoa, Venice, Florence, Holland and England. Holland, in the seventeenth century, although its credit was weakened by war, borrowed at 4 per cent.; in England, the current interest was 3 per cent. toward the middle of the eighteenth century. Owing to their ability to give value to their capital, the Florentines and Milanese, in the sixteenth century, under the name of Lombards, took the place of the Jews, in a large way, and became the bankers of Europe. Freedom in the matter of interest favored the establishment of credit institutions. The foundation of the bank of England and that of Amsterdam were nearly a century earlier than that of the bank of France.
—Moreover, the fall in interest and the development of commerce, in the states where there was the greatest toleration for credit transactions, appear to have followed step by step the progress of this liberty. Thus, in England, Henry VIII. had fixed the rate of interest at 10 per cent. Edward VI. absolutely interdicted loaning at interest. Elizabeth gave an impulse to trade by abrogating the statute of Edward and re-established 10 per cent. as a maximum rate, thus indirectly giving much latitude to traffic in money.
—The statute of Queen Anne fixed the rate of interest at 5 per cent. per annum, and pronounced every contract void in which the interest should exceed this rate. In accordance with the usual practice of the English, who rarely act from general principles, this statute was long nominally in force after being allowed to become practically obsolete. Then it was abrogated by successive degrees, a part at a time. The act of the fifty-ninth year of George III. (1812) was the first attack made on the principle. It was enacted that a bill of exchange or a bill payable to order, which might be declared void because of usury, should be valid in the hands of one who had taken it in good faith. Then came the act of the fourth year of William IV. (1833), which, in renewing the privilege of the bank of England, abrogated the usury laws in the kingdom, so far as bills of exchange and notes payable to order on three months or less were concerned. The act of the first year of Victoria's reign extended the exemption to bills of exchange and notes payable to order, the term of which did not extend beyond a year; and the act of the third year of the same reign comprehended also all loan contracts made for sums which exceeded £10, provided the loan was not secured by a mortgage on real estate.
—In consequence of the latter provision, landed property had now to pay higher than the current market rates for money, and was, therefore, at a disadvantage in comparison with manufactures and commerce. Such an inequality before the law could not permanently continue. In 1854 a law was enacted (17 and 18 Vict., ch. 90) repealing all existing statutes against usury, though not touching the statutes in reference to pawnbrokers. These were modified later (35 and 36 Vict., ch. 93).
—The above-mentioned changes in the laws made to regulate the rate of interest appear to have been a result of the celebrated resolutions which were reported to the house of commons in 1818, in the following language. "1st, Resolved, that it is the opinion of this committee that the laws regulating or restraining the rate of interest have been extensively evaded, and have failed of the effect of imposing a maximum on such rate; and of late years, from the constant excess of the market rate of interest above the rate limited by law, they have added to the expense incurred by borrowers on real security, and that such borrowers have been compelled to resort to the mode of granting annuities on lives, a mode which has been made a cover for obtaining higher interest than the rate limited by law, and has further subjected the borrowers to enormous charges or forced them to make very disadvantageous sales of their estates. 2d, Resolved, that it is the opinion of this committee that the construction of such laws, as applicable to the transactions of commerce as at present carried on, have been attended with much uncertainty as to the legality of many transactions of frequent occurrence, and consequently been productive of much embarrassment and litigation. 3d, Resolved. that it is the opinion of this committee that the present period, when the market rate of interest is below the legal rate, affords an opportunity peculiarly proper for the repeal of said laws."
—As to the effect of the repeal of these laws, unexceptionable official documents permit us to judge. In the year 1841 the bank of England took the initiative in that regard, and, in a country where it is customary to follow public opinion rather than to lead it, did not hesitate to give an impetus to public thought. On May 13, its court of directors met and embodied the results of eight years' experience in the following declaration: "Resolved, That the modification of the usury laws at present existing has contributed greatly to facilitate the operations of the bank, and is essential for the proper management of its circulation." Parliament, on its side, determined to obtain evidence of the good or bad results of the partial repeal of the usury laws. The house of lords, in the year 1841, investigated the subject, and the testimony brought before it (published in 1845), casts much light on the question.
—A distinguished economist. Mr. Norman, after having called attention to the fact that the bank of England, thanks to freedom of interest, had successively fixed the rate of discount, following the variations of the market, from 4 to 4½ per cent. on July 21, 1836; at 5 per cent. on Sept. 1 of the same year; at 5½ per cent. on June 20, 1839; and at 6 per cent. on Aug. 1 of the same year; terminated his deposition in these terms: "I have always regarded with surprise and admiration the way in which the mercantile pressure of 1839 was borne. It was very severe, and the number of failures of consequence was certainly small; and I can not help attributing in some degree the manner in which that pressure was sustained, comparing it with what had occurred on similar occasions previously, such as in 1826, to the state of the law which enabled capital and loanable accommodation to flow into those channels where it was most wanted and could be best paid for—in fact, into its natural channels."
—One of the most eminent practical bankers, Saml. J. Loyd (afterward Lord Overstone), confirmed this opinion by the following explanation: "Had the law which fixed the maximum rate of discount at 5 per cent. been maintained in operation, it would have produced inconveniences of two kinds: in some cases, parties requiring the command of money would have been unable to obtain it, and would consequently have been subjected to many very serious evils, such as forced sales of their goods at ruinous prices, injury to their general credit, and, in many cases, actual suspension of their payments; in other cases, parties would probably have obtained the money by resorting to circuitous contrivances for the purpose of evading the law, which would necessarily have entailed upon them great additional trouble, discredit and expense." Mr. Loyd hence concluded that the act of 1833 had saved British commerce, in the pressure of 1839.
—This was also the conclusion to which Mr. Samuel Gurney, one of the most able bankers and most revered men in London, finally arrived, who called attention to the fact that in 1818, when the state loans were the only ones exempt from the operation of the usury laws, and when considerable loans had been issued by the government, capital deserted the commercial market, which was subject to the legal limit, for the market of public funds; and commerce had to suffer much in consequence of the restrictions which fettered business. Mr. Gurney entered into detailed calculations which brought into relief the consequences of the two systems of restriction and freedom in the matter of interest. "The advantages of the relaxation in the law to the trading community," he said, "are that under every circumstance they are able to procure supplies of money and to carry on their business with facility. In the two or three last pressures which we have had, we have had very few failures. I will now take the other side. What is the disadvantage? It is that they have to pay this high interest for a limited time; the calculation of that disadvantage brings it to a very small sum. A firm of large extent may have under discount to the extent of £50,000, and have to pay 6 per cent. interest for that £30,000 instead of 5 per cent. for six months; this is the extent of loss, which comes to only £250. For that loss he gets the advantage of general facility, a less risk, as credit is much better preserved—advantages greatly beyond the loss. One other great advantage is the ability to borrow money upon the security of his goods, or sell them. If he borrow money upon his goods, it resolves itself into a calculation of a similar character; if he thus borrow £100,000, there will be a loss of £300 or £400; but if he is compelled to sell his goods, he can not, under such circumstances, at a less loss than from 10 per cent. to 20 per cent.; and therefore, on the one hand, he may have to lose some £300 or £400; but, on the other, if compelled to sell his merchandise, which he must do were he unable to pay more than the legal rate of interest upon a loan, the loss would be, under forced sales, of from £10,000 to £20,000." We might extend these quotations. The witnesses summoned, in the course of the inquiry, were, with scarcely an exception, unanimous.
—Some persons have observed that, if merchants in high position gained by the repeal of the usury laws, the same was not true of those whose credit was less firmly established, and that usurious rates were demanded of this class. But what does that prove? That there was, apparently, a certain risk in lending. If the usury laws had been operative, the embarrassed merchants would not have found money, or they would have had to pay still more to procure it. In either case, failure was imminent. Thus much for the example of England: let us now pass to France.
—Interest on money was certainly much higher at the time when legislation interdicted interest loans and burned Jews, than under the far more mild régime which authorized loans under the form of annuities, and fixed by law the rate at which loans could he made by alienating capital in this manner; it had become still lower, and commerce had become extensive at the time when Turgot wrote these remarkable lines: "It is a well-known fact that there is not a commercial place on the earth where the greater part of the commerce does not depend on money borrowed without alienation of capital, and where interest is not regulated by a simple agreement, according to the greater or less amount of loanable money in the place, and the degree of solvency of the borrower. The rigor of the laws has yielded to the force of things; jurisprudence has been obliged to modify in practice its speculative principles, and people have long since come to openly tolerate loaning by note, discount, and every species of money negotiation between parties. It will always be thus whenever the law prohibits what the nature of things renders necessary."
—The constituent assembly only half adopted the ideas of Turgot. The law of 1789 permitted loans at interest under any form, but it reserved to the legislator the right to fix, or at least to limit, the rate of interest. The civil code, promulgated in 1804, stipulated a similar reservation; these were mere preliminary and tentative changes, which prepared the way for the law of Sept. 3, 1807.
—We say nothing of the intermediary régime. Some claim that the convention declared money merchandise, and that in consequence of that unlimited freedom, usury for some years invaded and ravaged the country. The laws of the convention were contradictory. At one time, to raise the price of the assignats, it interdicted trade in the precious metals: again, it removed the prohibition and left every one free to buy and sell gold and silver at their actual value. Interest, the rent of capital, only resumed its liberty as a consequence.*28 This liberty was the result of the toleration of the government, and not of a clear perception of a principle which it firmly proclaimed. But what matter is it whether the convention, in removing the barriers it had itself raised, removed also others or not, and rendered homage to political economy without willing it or knowing it? The events which occurred in the commercial world, during that period of anarchy and the disturbed times which succeeded it, prove nothing either for or against any system.
—We are, however, inclined to believe that, notwithstanding the calamities which were the inevitable result of the civil disorders and of war, and although commerce, manufactures and credit were nearly paralyzed in France from 1793 to 1797, the toleration accorded meanwhile to pecuniary transactions bore more good fruit than bad. People have quoted the protests of some chambers of commerce, which complained at that time of the dullness of trade, the great numbers of failures and the cupidity of loaners. In reply we will say, without having regard to these particular cases, that the speech of Joubert, who proposed the law of 1807, itself shows that interest on money had generally fallen. But, were it otherwise, can any one really suppose that laws more restrictive would have procured money for trade at a low price, at a time when the risks connected with every negotiation or credit transaction were so great, and when confidence was so weak?
—The legislators of 1804, more favorable to liberty than those of 1807, had left the way open. Article 1707 of the civil code provided that the interest agreed upon might exceed the rate fixed by law, whenever the law contained no prohibition to the contrary. This was directly to recognize that the value of money, like all other values, results from the state of the market and the terms arranged between parties. The legislators of 1807 shut this half-open door, by putting agreed-on rates of interest in the same line as legal interest. It may be well to quote here the language of a law which can serve as a starting point in the discussion. "Art. 1. The interest agreed upon shall not exceed 5 per cent. in civil matters [i.e., those coming under the cognizance of what are known as civil courts, in France, in distinction from mercantile courts. E. J. L.], nor 6 per cent. in mercantile matters, without retention. Art. 2. The legal interest shall be, in civil matters, 5 per cent., and in mercantile matters 6 per cent., also without retention. Art. 3. When it shall be proven that a loan has been made at a rate exceeding that fixed by Art. 1, the lender shall be condemned by the court before which the case is brought, to restore this excess, if he has received it, or to suffer a reduction of the principal of the debt, and he may even be remanded, if cause appear, to the court of correction, and, in case of conviction, condemned to a fine not exceeding half the capital he has lent on usury. If the result of the law process shows that the lender has practiced fraud, he shall be condemned, besides the above fine, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years."
—The economy of the law of 1807 consists entirely in a small number of rules. It lays down as a principle that freedom of agreement in regard to rate of interest must be exercised only within the limit of the legal maximum. Provisionally, this maximum is fixed at 5 per cent. in civil matters, and at 6 per cent. in mercantile ones.
—The law of 1807 makes usury a crime. But what is usury? Bentham said truly that it was not susceptible of definition. And in fact, if usury consists in loaning at a rate higher than that fixed by the legislature, one may be a usurer in England while loaning at a rate which would be permissible in France, and vice versa. In France the offense depends, not on the nature of the act, but on the quality of the lender. One is a usurer if he loans at 6 per cent. in civil matters, but ceases to be so if he loans at the same rate to one engaged in commerce. These inconsistencies in legislation prove that an attempt has been made to regulate that which, from its nature, evades legal rules. The authors of the law of 1807 perceived this; for, after having made the act of loaning at an interest in excess of the legal rate a crime, they did not affix any penalty. The court, in this case, can only sentence the lender to restore the excess. The sentence can only extend to a fine in the case of habitual usury, that is to say, when the offense becomes changed; when, instead of having to deal with parties whose bargains depend upon the variations of the market, the court finds before it a speculator who makes a business of seeking the most risky investments, those which serve as an excuse or pretext for unlimited profits.
—The law of 1807 has only one kind of merit. In a country where there is too little general information on matters of political economy, and where anticommercial prejudices have still much influence, it bears a certain relation to the average level of intelligence and the state of morals. In 1836 a motion was made by M. Lherbette aimed at the repeal of this law and the restoration of freedom in the matter of interest; but it failed because of the unenlightened opposition of the elective chamber. In 1850 the proposition of M. Saint-Priest to modify the law had no better success: the law which was enacted Dec. 15, instead of punishing the simple contravention of the law prescribing the legal interest, is only aimed against the habit of disregarding it, and confines itself to increasing the penalties.
—The law of 1807 governs the trade in money in all the countries of Europe which have adopted or imitated the French civil laws. To examine into the effects it has produced in France, is then to obtain the elements which may serve to give the most general view of the question. The law of 1807 did not, as we know, bring about a fall in the rate of interest, which is, notwithstanding the solidity of the operations, much higher in France, in every scale of credit, than in England, Holland and Belgium. The absolute prohibition it contains has not prevented the loaner, wherever there were risks to be incurred, from stipulating for excessively high interest which was legally usurious. That has been accomplished in a contraband way instead of openly. But the troubles from it have been only the greater; for the interest must include, besides the premium for the risk arising from the small degree of solvency in the borrower, that of the risk arising from contravention of the law.
—The mohatra, so much branded by Pascal, has reappeared, and the usurious loan has been disguised under the form of a sale. In other cases the fraud has been accomplished under the form of a donation; besides the legal interest, the lender has required a supplementary interest, under the title of gift. Sales with privilege of redemption have also served to conceal usury, which has, besides, taken place under cover of an exchange. But the most usual as well as the most simple form has consisted in stating in the loan contract, or on the notes given to the loaner, a sum higher than that which the borrower had received.
—The defenders of the system sanctioned by the law of 1807 themselves recognize that this law, far from uprooting usury, has perhaps aggravated it. Usury, it has been said, is devastating French rural districts; and it is certain that the debts of small property-holders had much to do with the socialism of the central and eastern departments of France in 1849 and 1850.
—A representative of the upper Rhine, M. Cassal, cited in the tribune curious examples of frauds practiced in Alsace to evade the provisions of the law of 1807. "The usurer," be said, "no longer proceeds in this fashion: 'I lend you one hundred francs in consideration of ten francs.' Nothing like that is written. A note of a hundred francs is made, but only ninety of it are given. Care is taken that it be done with no witnesses present, and then you have the provision of article 1322 of the civil code, which establishes a legal presumption in favor of the creditor who has a writing. In this case itself it is very difficult to prove usury. More frequently sales with power of redemption occur: property is bought for the consideration of one hundred francs, and only ninety are paid; and when the debtor wishes to obtain his property again, he is obliged to pay back the sum stipulated in the contract as price, and happy is he, too, if the purchaser will consent to restore him his property. In this case also, the stipulations of article 1325 of the French civil code are exactly fulfilled: you have no witnesses, and it is impossible to prove usury. When one of these men loans at 5 per cent. on a simple note, there is much reason for mistrust; the lender has evil designs. When the note falls due, the debtor can pay; but the creditor promises to wait. When the time comes that the latter knows the former has no money, he becomes pressing, prosecutes, hounds the debtor, forces him to make an assignment, lays down orders, and, finally, compels the unfortunate to pay what is called the interest of patience. Then he takes everything the former can give: fifty francs, a pair of sabots, a batch of bread, per week. But all this is the A B C of usury. The usurer but rarely makes his bargain in his own name. The borrower sometimes does not even know him; the business is done through an intermediary, a sort of broker, who, ordinarily, has nothing to lose, not even honor, who also takes brokerage, and thus increases still more the interest on the money. When loans are made, the first step is to ask for security. This security is the person who signs the note and carries it to the borrower, or vice versa; the intermediary likewise, signs the note, and it is sometimes covered by three, four or five signatures before reaching the real lender. The usurer is then in the position which, in the language of the law, is called 'a third carrier in good faith.' The aim of the business is to make some kind of a bargain: in primitive times, a trade in flocks or herds; later, in real estate. This is how it is effected. Sometimes one lends a sum, always by an intermediary, on a simple note or an obligation acknowledged before a notary, and on the other hand, he has a field or other real estate sold to him at an extremely low price. Care is taken, however, that the matter be so arranged that the lesion of the seven-twelfths may not be reached. These men, who thus exploit French rural districts, have divided the territory: each one has his chosen portion to exploit, and it is rare for another to permit himself to go there to do business. You comprehend then that they are perfectly well acquainted with the value of the estates, better than the peasants themselves. Consequently there may be usury of 100 per cent. or 200 per cent. without the cognizance of the law. At other times, and this is far more serious and more common, they force the borrower, giving him meantime the funds for the purpose, to buy a piece of land or some other commodity at a very high price. Here they do not take the trouble to put as large a sum as possible into the contract: they put the property at double or triple its value. Let them succeed in making a man contract a debt, and nothing can save him; he is soon dispossessed of his property. I know entire villages which do not contain two solvent private citizens."
—Looking at this social condition, one would think he was living in the middle ages. Is it necessary, in order to remedy this, to make the penalties greater and to increase the legal restrictions? M. Cassal, who is not, however, an economist, but who has had a near view of the evil, does not think so. "I know the country usurer well enough," he said, "to apprehend that our law (that of 1850) instead of producing the extinction of usury, may perhaps produce the contrary effect, by closing the purse strings and shutting out all credit. Usury is the only means, the single source of credit to the countrymen; and if that source dries up, I fear they may be more miserable than before."
—The defenders of restrictive laws in the matter of interest would do well to reflect upon this remarkable avowal. They think they have replied to all objections when they say: "If the borrower is not sufficiently solvent for loans to be granted him at the legal rate; if an additional premium is necessary to cover the risk—well, people will not lend to him at all." Shall credit be thus obliged to stop rather than exceed the level of interest which the legislator has supposed legitimate? But credit can no more be arrested in society than the circulation of blood in the human body. For the one as for the other, motion is life. You say that loaning at high interest will in the long run ruin the borrower. This is possible; but he will be ruined without usury, if he does not find a way to borrow what he needs to meet his obligations when they fall due!
—The capitalist who speculates upon the temporary distress of the borrower is a wretch. Science has no intention of sheltering such under her mantle. If usury extends to direct or indirect fraud, there are laws to punish it. But let no one attack the freedom of mercantile transactions, under pretext of preventing usury. Provided the loaner and borrower are free to make a bargain, the contract should be valid. It matters little at what rate the investment be made: the interest of money is naturally subject to one law alone, that which determines that the price of things, instead of being fixed arbitrarily by the civil power, results from the essentially variable relation between supply and demand. There is but one way to abolish usury, and that is to extend to property the benefits of credit institutions, and accustom proprietors punctually to fulfill their obligations. For the rest, the relation of demand to supply so bears upon the contracting parties, that governments, when they wish to borrow, are themselves subject to it. Whenever it was necessary to contract public loans, the French government took good care not to appeal to the law of 1807. In difficult circumstances it has borrowed at 7 per cent. and even at 8 per cent.; and instead of then considering the capitalists who undertook the loan at these high rates as usurers subject to the penalty of the law, it sought to attract them by all means in its power. Not to speak of the profits they have made by loaning to embarrassed governments, have not bankers obtained all the marks of distinction which could flatter their vanity? Have they not been covered with cordons and admitted to the ranks of the aristocracy?
—Thus the state itself sets the example of violation of the law. It seems that the legal rate of interest is obligatory on every one except itself. To loan at 6 per cent. to private individuals, is to expose one's self to the severity of the courts; to loan at 6 per cent. to the state, to cities, to departments, is to merit public gratitude. Who can henceforth take seriously this pretended crime of usury, which is not such for states, but is such in private transactions?
—This is not all. In testimony of the powerlessness of the legislator when he attempts to do violence to the nature of things, the French law of 1807 was obliged, in fixing a maximum rate of interest, to admit of exceptions and establish categories. Thus, loans on property security, on pledge, on provisions, and discount, escape its rules. The same observation applies to commissions charged by banks, and to the premium given to brokers who answer for the persons to whom they sell merchandise; as well as to those commercial practices which are so many additions and supplements to the interest stipulated in the money loans.
—III. LOANS WHICH EXCEED THE LEGAL RATE. The loan on pledge (or pawn), which entails at once numerous risks and considerable expenses of administration, is one of those which can be made only at a relatively high interest. All the pawnbrokers in Europe would be ruined in a few months, if they were compelled to loan at a rate corresponding to the price current of money in the market. The exception which has been made in their favor, or rather, the freedom in regard to interest which is allowed to be the rule in their case, has been favorable to those who patronize these institutions. To speak only of the mont de piété at Paris, the interest asked of borrowers has constantly diminished since the last century: it was 5 per cent. per month in the year III. (1795-6), 2½ per cent. per month in the year VIII. (1800-1), and 1¼ per cent. in 1831. As the rent of money becomes lower in the general market of capital, the pawnbroker will lend at a lower interest to necessitous families.
—As to the loan of provisions, which the law of 1807 does not govern, and in which one may always, by the terms of article 1907 of the civil code, exceed the legal interest, jurists have found a reason to justify that exception, which, if they were disposed, might be made to apply equally well to loans of money. "How can we think," says M. Troplong in his "Commentary on Loans," "that the legislator could have intended to impose the same rate of interest on loans of provisions as on money? How can we suppose that he would have taken no account of the risks, which are much greater in the loan of provisions than in the loan of money; in the loan of provisions, we say, where an abundant harvest at the time of payment may take away so much of the value of the thing lent in time of dearth? Would he have condemned the system followed in all ancient nations by legislators and economists, of fixing the interest on provisions higher than the interest of money? We think, then, that there would be nothing illicit in an agreement which should obligate the borrower of a hundred measures of oil, grapes, or apples, to repay a hundred and ten or a hundred and fifteen at the following harvest."
—When one borrows money, it is not the metal exactly which one wishes to possess, but the value it represents. Under the form of money or under the form of provisions, the lender delivers capital: capital is the object of the contract. From the essential point of view, which is that of value, there is no difference. In vain has it been objected that the value of grain was variable; for the same objection would apply to the value of money. Who does not know that the power of the precious metals was much greater in the time of Charlemagne than in the reign of St. Louis; in the time of St. Louis than in the reign of Louis XIV.; and in the reign of Louis XIV. than in our day? No doubt money presents a more fixed and certain measure of value from one year to another than wheat; but from one century to another the advantage of fixity and constancy passes to the wheat. The price of cereals is, in fact, the light by the aid of which we find our way in studying the economy of society in the past.
—Under one form as well as another, the rent of capital depends on its abundance or rarity compared with the urgency of the demand. It is not the nature of the loan which can raise the premium; it is the situation of the borrower. Why did the legislator of 1809 allow the rate of 6 per cent. in mercantile bargains, while he imposed the minimum limit of 5 per cent. in civil matters? Apparently, that difference of interest signifies that the risks are greater in one case than in the other, and that the trader who invests his funds in uncertain operations does not give the same security for payment. Why does M. Troplong recognize in the lender of provisions the right to demand from 10 to 15 per cent. interest, if not because the certainty of payment is less in transactions of that nature? Starting there, to be consistent, one step more should be taken: the principle should be separated from the example, and one should say that the premium on the risk, which is one of the elements of interest, increases naturally in proportion as the certainty of reimbursement diminishes. In loans at interest, the premium on the risk acts as a sort of insurance on capital; this is why there are no reasons for refusing to allow it in the loan of money, when it is allowed in the loan of provisions. Credit is naturally personal. There exists no such thing as one rate of interest belonging to provisions and a different interest belonging to the precious metals. It is because those who borrow provisions generally place themselves in a more hazardous situation, that high interest is demanded of them. But a good number of borrowers to whom money is loaned personally merit still less confidence; why should it not be permitted to stipulate with them a premium for insurance, commensurate with the perilous chances they cause one to incur? The principle is admitted in wholesale contracts. Do you suppose that there is not, as M. Sainte-Beuve has so well said, any such debtor whose solvency makes the loaner run as much risk as he would incur from tempests? To sum up, either the exception made in the case of the loaner of provisions has no raison d'être, or the considerations which have determined it tend invincibly to liberty in the rate of interest, under a general law.
—On the question of discount the subtleties of jurisprudence are freely exercised. Certain jurists rank it in the category of sales; others, in that of loans. "The banker who discounts," says M. Troplong, "only makes a loan. Accustomed to trade in money and notes, he only purchases a credit; and as 10,000 francs, payable in one year, are not worth 10,000 francs payable now, he gives a less price than the nominal one. This price is calculated on the time to run, on the solidity represented by the signature of the one who signs it, the value of that signature, the place. etc. Discount is only the difference between the nominal and the real value. I have said that the banker buys a credit; I add that, on his side, the borrower buys a present sum for a sum not due. In all cases, the borrower who sells his credit does not contract the obligation of returning the same thing, characteristic of the loan; his obligation is, to deliver the chose and guarantee its payment. On the other hand, the banker becomes proprietor of the effect, with the same title as if he had bought any other article; he uses it as be pleases, and has nothing more to do with the one who assigned it to him except so far as pertains to the security."
—We see that if the rate of discount escapes in France the rules laid down by the law of 1807, it is not through respect to a theory which takes its point of support outside of realities. The legislator has yielded to the force of things, either by formally accepting or by tolerating usages which he could no more modify than destroy.
—M. d'Esterno has cited, in the Journal des Economistes, curious examples of loans at a high rate, which are negotiated, to the mutual satisfaction of borrower and lender, the department of Saône-et-Loire. "There are," he say, "small farmers who buy, in May, cattle for labor, and sell them again in November. If they buy them for cash, they pay 600 francs for them, for instance, but, as they only pay 300 francs at the time of getting them, and promise the other 300 at the time when they count on having sold them, they consent to give 50 francs more for that accommodation. This transaction is usual, and it is repeated in the case of other animals, hogs, for example." Thus, farmers who would probably not consent to borrow at the rate of 7 per cent. upon mortgage, willingly borrow under that form at 33 per cent. The transaction has no relation to the current rate of interest; but it is within the ability and convenience of the parties who contract. That is sufficient to explain it. Credit institutions, by furnishing circulating capital at lower rates to property owners and farmers, will alone be able to supplant this custom.
—Contraventions of the law of 1807 are especially frequent, and occur with impunity in civil matters. One has only to consult the notaries to be convinced that, if mortgage loans were confined to the strict limits of the legal rate, there would be to-day, outside of Paris and the range of the capital, few serious and effective loans. By means of accessory agreements, immediate deductions, and various compensations, people succeed, while inscribing only the legal rate in loan contracts, in winning and retaining capital in liens on real estate.
—As a general statement, it may be said that the only loans which the restrictive laws affect, are the large transactions in which an habitually low price for money renders that intervention at least useless. Those, on the contrary, which escape the action of the legislative enactments, and of the law of 1807 as well as the others, consist of transactions of slight importance and in which a high rate of interest is invariably found to be stipulated. This is true, especially of loans in retail trade and for a short term of credit. Those who loan by the week figure largely in that category. Those who loan by the day are a class of capitalists that should not be forgotten, and who, notwithstanding the high interest they obtain, render real service.
—"In the Paris provision market," said M. Aubréy in his speech against the proposition of M. Saint-Priest, "a well-known trade in money is carried on: one keeps a shop of five-franc pieces, that is to say, a certain variety of a banker keeps an office in the market and delivers to merchants of the four seasons and to vegetable gardeners a five-franc piece. With this five-franc piece the small trader buys provisions and food which he goes and sells about the city. At the end of his day's work he returns; he has often earned two or three francs with the aid of that five-franc piece. Do you suppose it is hard for him to pay the banker who furnished him the instrument of labor the sum of 25 centimes from his day's profits? * * In this case the interest of the money is 1800 per cent. Some people wished to enter complaint in the name of the law; but the magistrates of the bar of Paris were obliged to recoil before the numerous and incessant cries of the opposition; this resistance derived its strength from the good sense of the people and the benefits of liberty."
—It would seem that an investment by which money brings 1800 per cent. would call in the competition of capitalists, and that this competition would lower the rent of capital. Yet the loans which have taken in the French language the name of "loans by the little week" remain at a rate that varies little. The reciprocal advantages of the borrower and lender would not suffice to explain the permanency of so high an interest in these investments. To understand it we must consider the risks to which capital is exposed. The ambulating tradesmen are an essentially nomadic portion of the population: it is the business to which those have recourse, who, for the time being, can do no other, or whose indolence makes them shun labor. From such customers one can not expect great scrupulousness in the fulfillment of their obligations. Five-franc-piece bankers are those who most frequently become bankrupt. The petty dealer, who often spends in drink the day's earnings, consumes both capital and profits. To escape the surveillance and pursuit of the creditor, the debtor has only to migrate from one occupation to another, in the infinite circle of petty trades which spring up and multiply in the streets of Paris. The capitalist lends to strangers, to people who have neither a sou nor a trunk, and without other guarantee than their interest to meet punctually their obligations so as to create for themselves a species of credit, an interest which all do not comprehend. If the debtors were punctual and scrupulous, the creditors, renewing their capital eighteen times a year, would very quickly make their fortune. Many, however, become ruined; and the sphere of these transactions does not appear to enlarge, which proves that there is in them a commingling of good and had chances.
—And now, I ask, are not the laws which restrict liberty of interest judged, when we see that, for one transaction at 6 per cent. which they prevent in the average sphere of credit, they tolerate or do not prevent a little lower down the scale of loans, numberless public operations every day, in which the usury extends to 1800 per cent. per year?
—IV. BASIS OF INTEREST. It is time to abandon the historical controversy to examine the foundation of interest. Three principal elements co-operate to determine it: the rent of capital; the premium on the insurance to cover the risk, and, in a great number of cases, the charge for commission; and the salary of the intermediary who puts the borrower in communication with the lender. The rent of capital, the instrument of labor, the motor which sets commerce, agriculture and manufactures in motion, is the principal element in interest. How is its rate determined? and what is its measure? Has this element anything fixed, which depends not on places, time or persons? or must it vary with circumstances and according to individuals? There is, we know, no such thing as unchangeable value; the notion even of value, arising as it does from the idea of relation, implies change. The rent of capital, like the price of all things, must vary under the action of demand and supply; and the law of demand and supply is itself subordinated to all the vicissitudes of production as well as of consumption, not to speak of the influence which progress or decline in means of transportation may exercise. One may not, then, prejudge what the rent of capital should be; but should confine himself to stating what it is. The observation of facts must rule in this matter. No doubt it is recognized in studying the economic history of peoples, that the rent of capital diminishes as wealth increases. But it should also be remarked that, through that incontestable tendency to a fall, the oscillations of interest become more frequent in proportion as commercial relations, developed by increased comfort and intelligence, come to multiply. The rent of capital varies, perhaps, less, in that descending progression, from one century to the following one; but from one year to another, it changes more. Credit, which formerly seemed to have nerves of steel and a hardened epidermis, has contracted the impressionable nature and delicate temperament of the sensitive. One can then determine the rent of capital only approximately, under given circumstances and while these circumstances continue. The system which would make the government regulate the rate of interest, to remain true and not deviate from the facts, would require the rate to be revised each month, each week; and, in some cases, each day; but a rule that required incessant alteration would not be a rule. This system is then condemned either to unchangeability of interest which is contrary to justice, or to an incessant change which would be the negation of law. As to the theories whose pet chimera is a fixed and in some sort normal interest, we will speak of them only to recall a few facts. The bank of France attempted to put them in practice, by maintaining the rate of discount at 4 per cent., in times of pressure as in periods of prosperity; but its resistance was finally overcome: in 1847 it was obliged to raise its rate of discount to 5 per cent. in order to arrest the export of specie; and in 1852, not to remain outside of the business world, it reduced it to 3 per cent.
—The second element in interest is the tax for insurance or risk. This may be considered as still more variable than the preceding, and is certainly more difficult to estimate. The rent of capital is, as it were, the real part of interest, the part which is regulated by the value of things, the state of the market; and insurance is the personal part. The risk changes not only with the circumstances, but also with the situation and character of the borrowers: it is almost nothing in loans made on bills of exchange or notes payable to order which have several good indorsers; it is considerable in the case of a borrower who gives only his guarantee, and the lender raises the premium for the risk in proportion to the lack of solidity in the guarantee. This weakness of the guarantee may be diminished by the confidence of the lender or increased by his mistrust. This is an element to be taken into account, which, because it is personal on both sides, touches closely upon the arbitrary. "He who loans his capital," says M. Aubréy, "with risk of losing it in whole or in part, renders a greater and consequently better remunerated service than he who loans his capital without risking anything; this is what constitutes the difference between the lessor of real estate and of personal property; because the capital of the one always preserves its identity easy to establish, and is often secured by privileges and mortgages, while, on the contrary, the capital of the other is capable of being consumed by use and absorbed without return, as interest and principal; this is also the difference between the civil and the commercial loan, as well as the loan on pledge (pawn-loan), between obligations on short time and on long time, between maritime contracts and land contracts." The extent of the service is not measured by the extent of the risk; but he who consents to loan his capital, without the certainty of recovering it when due, is right in demanding of the debtor a premium for insurance against this danger: this is not a remuneration, it is simply a compensation, a guarantee. But whether remuneration or guarantee, in doubtful cases a prudent creditor would not dispense with this supplement to the rent of capital; yet it is not always sufficient to preserve him from ruin. When M. Proudhon said that the interest of money represented the risk, the chance that might befall, alea, he then exaggerated the truth, he took the part for the whole, he left out of account the very basis of interest, which is the rent capital gives. But even this shows that he took account of one element which all legislation has disregarded.
—The socialist school, in the theory of gratuitous credit, substitutes for the premium on the risk, a sort of mutual insurance which unites all those making exchanges in the bonds of universal solidarity, and which makes every member of society bear his part in the consequences of the bad speculations or bad chances of all. This is not distributive justice: for the people who offer securities are put in the same category as those who offer none. The socialists make the moral being which they call society intervene in human affairs in exactly the same way as the ancients had their gods engage in them. Society, as they picture it in their romances, distributes subsistence and even wealth to all individuals; all the difference consists in having the manna come from the bank of the people, or the phalanstery, instead of descending from heaven. The people's bank having failed, and the phalanstery having aborted, we have to examine if it is possible, in the ordinary course of transactions, to establish any test or measure whatever of the risk. This element of interest obeys no rules, even for a day, even for a given case; it is an affair of opinion, a question of individual chances. There is nothing in it which one can generalize sufficiently to establish an economic principle, or a legal regulation. The element of risk interposes still greater obstacles than does the element of rent, to any attempt to fix or limit the interest on money.
—The third element of interest is thus defined by M. Aubréy, who, as a banker, could speak from acquaintance with the subject: "The instruments of labor only reach the laborers through intermediaries; this is the consequence of progress. Capital in the form of money, being an instrument of labor, is as much under the law of division of labor as capital in any other form. As every one knows, capital is put in motion and circulates by the aid of motive agents called banks; labor improves and prospers by reason of the activity and abundance with which capital circulates in these great reservoirs; but every one should also know how much accumulated wealth, moral power and dignity of character is necessary, properly to direct these credit institutions. Now just these rare and valuable qualities, and this difficult and necessary labor in credit institutions, are remunerated by a charge for commission, which increases the interest on the capital furnished. M. Proudhon, in his people's bank, does not contest the legitimacy of this charge; for, when he decreed gratuitous credit, he reserved a discount of from 1 per cent. to 2 per cent. for expenses of administration. Is it possible to determine the measure of this third element? Evidently not. There are credit establishments of different kinds. The banker whose operations extend to millions in a day, takes only a very small commission and yet makes much money, while the petty dealer, who operates only with some thousands of francs, or with five-franc pieces, may charge a very high commission and yet earn but little; though he may give the same measure of his time and labor as the banker."
—The above definition is neither complete nor altogether correct. Although it no more belongs to the government to regulate this part of interest than other parts, we must recognize that this contains an element more easy to estimate and less fluctuating. The institution of banks of circulation and discount has reduced the commission charge to small proportions, wherever their influence extends; yet even the state has a share in it, under the form of the stamp duty it puts on their notes. The commission charge of the intermediary bankers is often blended with the premium for risk: it is thus, for example, at Paris, where a discounter, for giving the third signature, and rendering a commercial bill acceptable at the bank of France, takes a premium or duty of 1 per cent., ¾ per cent. or ½ per cent.
—In analyzing the elements of which interest is composed, we have seen that there is not one which gives a sure basis for estimating it. This has led M. Lherbette to say: "If you think there is a fixed, invariable basis for interest, why do you make it vary according to circumstances? and if you believe, on the contrary, that its basis is variable, why do you fix upon a rate from which the contracting parties shall not be allowed to vary according to the particular circumstances in which they find themselves and which they will understand better than you? In any case, if you determine to fix it, it will have to be continually modified; for circumstances constantly change; it would be necessary to establish mercurials for money as for bread." [The mercurials were registers of the price of grain and some other necessary provisions, and were formerly required to be kept in a public place in the market towns of France. E. J. L.] Even that would not be possible. The tax on bread embraces two or three qualities, of which it fixes the price by consulting the price of grain of corresponding quality; but the tax of interest does not depend on such simple calculations: in its case the rate in the mercurial would have to include as many qualities as there are particular situations, or individuals having recourse to credit. In the domain of credit, the list of classes is infinite: and this will infallibly baffle any pretension to a rule. Freedom in the matter of interest results not less from the powerlessness of the restrictive system than from the right which belongs to the contracting parties to dispose of their property as they think best. The experience of the past is here the most direct auxiliary of principles.
—It is henceforth a recognized fact, thanks to the intelligence of our time, that interest on money is a legitimate value; why, then, should other conditions be imposed on it than on other values? When merchandise is in the warehouse or brought into market, its price is freely discussed between the buyer and seller; both find this method to their advantage; and the seller would carry away his goods as well as the buyer his money, if any one pretended to dictate to them the conditions of sale and purchase. In the matter of guarantees, both spurn the intervention of the state, and think themselves better off with free competition. Is there the least reason at all serious why trade in money should be excepted from the general law of trade? Sometimes society enjoys a tranquillity favorable to business, while again it passes through periods of monetary pressure in which every enterprise becomes difficult, and the activity of labor seems paralyzed. Money is sometimes scarce and sometimes abundant; the rent of capital must then vary, like any other value, according to circumstances. As to borrowers, they are not all equally solvent: on the contrary, they occupy, according to their morality, their reputation, and the competence they enjoy, various degrees in the scale of securities. Shall one say to a lender: "Whatever be the state of society, tranquil or disturbed; whatever be the abundance or scarcity of money; whether capital moves in full security or under the pressure of great anxiety; you shall loan your money on the same conditions and to all"? That would be unjust and absurd; one of two things would inevitably happen: either the prohibition would not be regarded, or capital would be refused, and society would have to manage as it could, to live without credit. Let us change the hypothesis. If a limit may be imposed on the profits of money capital by establishing a maximum rate of interest for money, why may not a maximum be fixed for every species of revenues, all kinds of transactions, and every sort of merchandise? If it is forbidden to lend above a certain rate of interest, why should it not be prohibited to sell above a certain price? The people have a much greater interest in not paying a high price for wheat in time of scarcity, than in finding loans at a low rate of interest. If money capital must not bring its possessor more than a certain per cent. yearly, why should the profit from capital in machines, land or manufactures be unlimited? Suppose I lend my neighbor $20,000, with which he purchases a spinning mill which gives him an annual return of 50 per cent.; why should not I be permitted to obtain what interest I can for my capital, when the borrower who receives this capital from me is free to derive any profit he can therefrom?
—It is claimed that the interest of money is an exception to the general rules of trade. M. Paillet said that property rights must yield, the same as others, to public utility; and he compared the prohibition to loan above a certain rate, with the interdiction to build within the line of fortresses, with expropriation for the public good, with the prohibition to clear land, with all measures, in short, which society takes to protect the weak against the strong. Political economy does not contest the right of society; but it denies its applicability in this case. What public interest requires the state to regulate the rent of money? We find none. In a theocratic government, where the state is everything and does everything, that would perhaps be conceivable. The priests in that case fix the price of provisions, the form of garments and the number of ablutions. People are not astonished to see them interfere in the system of industries, when they behold their authority reaching even to the domestic hearth. But since the industries have come forth from their swaddling bands, and citizens of the same state can freely trade with each other, it is the interest of each and all that trade in money should be as free as in other commodities. What would the ability to buy and sell products signify, without any other rule than the price resulting from the relation between demand and supply, if capital, which begets the products, were subject to different conditions on the market? Competition determines the rent of capital as well as the price of merchandise; and that alone can bring about and surely will bring about a fall in the rate of interest. Only chimerical or violently-disposed persons demand other methods.
—The adherents of the doctrine of the balance of trade thought that money, instead of representing the capital in circulation, was the capital itself of each country. This is why they subjected money negotiations to special rules. It was with this feeling that M. Jaubert, who reported the law of 1807, said: "If commerce gives itself up to speculations in interest, it goes out of its way, and will in the end arrest the progress of industry." As if capital, or rather accumulated labor, was intended for any thing else than to serve as a motor, and to procure profits for those who possess it. Communities live by tradition as much as by progress. We increase in stature because we rise on the shoulders of our fathers. Capital prepares the way for labor. The regulation of interest, as we know from the experience of our predecessors, is of no more service to labor than it is to capital. If it makes the latter unproductive, it prevents the former from development. But this system has consequences still more fatal to society than to the individual. It was decreed in France, by the law of 1850, that the maximum interest should remain fixed at 5 per cent. in civil matters. But that did not satisfy either M. Pelletier, who demanded money at 3 per cent., nor M. Proudhon, who aimed to reduce it to zero. The moment the people get the idea that it belongs to the law-making power to determine the rate of interest or to fix a limit to it, we are exposed to all the demands of anarchy. When the people, complaining rightly or wrongly of the hard times, come to demand a reduction in the annual interest, by what right can opposition be made? Will it be said, "We can not"? The legislators would then falsify their own action. Will they respond, "We will not"? That would be opening the way to revolution. The people would withdraw to the Aventine Hill, claiming abolition of debts; or, perhaps, to avoid paying them, or to pay them in paper money, they will send to the legislature, as certain departments did in 1849, socialistic revolutionists. Regulating interest by legislation is the first step of society toward bankruptcy; for it is the substitution of arbitrary law for the right to make agreements freely.
—Freedom in the matter of interest is proper for all peoples who have attained their majority and who are governed by laws of their own making: but it is especially appropriate in republics. Where the right of a citizen to take part in governmental affairs is recognized, he can not, without injustice and contradiction, be denied the power to regulate as he pleases his own affairs; to buy, sell, lend or borrow on such conditions as the market offers. The component parts of the sovereign power can not be held in tutelage. It is ridiculous that the law should stipulate for them as for aliens or prodigals put under an interdict. Let them not be called upon to deliberate on the nature and direction of the government, if they are judged incapable of comprehending and defending their true interests; or if that honor is accorded to their independence and intelligence, let the horizon of sovereignty be at least extended to private transactions and the domestic hearth.
—The United States probably owe some measure of their prosperity to the comparative freedom in the matter of interest. In New York discount has sometimes been taken as high as 18 per cent. per annum. At San Francisco money has been worth 4 per cent. or 5 per cent. a month. What matters it, after all, if those who borrow at this rate employ it so as to make still greater profits?
—The rate of interest is generally in proportion to that of profits. Where industrial investments bring 12 per cent. to 15 per cent., it would be foolish to claim that one ought to borrow money at 4 per cent. to 5 per cent. The trade in money would, in fact, cease, if it could not take place under conditions similar to those prevailing in other industries. When, on the contrary, capital employed in agriculture and manufactures brings a return of 5 per cent. to 6 per cent., a moderate interest, say from 3½ per cent. to 4 per cent. is generally sufficient for the capitalist. Where the profits from agriculture are considerable, as in many of the western states, the remuneration of labor and of capital is high. Interest is high as well as wages. In Great Britain, on the contrary, where manufacturers, in order to become rich, must operate on immense quantities, the profit being very small on each fraction, capital obtains only a moderate interest. The abundance produced by the treasures accumulated by industry makes capital less in demand there than labor.
—Harmony of these diverse functions in society can only result from liberty. It is liberty which has caused the growth of manufactures and has given wings to commerce. Liberty can alone regulate the interest of money, to the satisfaction of everybody. Capital can have no other master than itself; and its tyranny will be best avoided by not seeking to reduce it to slavery. A just balance will here arise from the relations naturally established between men and not from the laws they may be tempted to enact.
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Rouen, 1767. 12mo; Recent Letters to a Friend on Usurious Commercial Loans, by Abbé de la Porte, Amsterdam and Paris, 1769, 12mo; Theological, Economical and Civil Principles in regard to Usury, by Abbé de la Porte, Paris. 1769-72, 4 vols., 12mo; Treatise on Usury, serving as a reply to a letter on this subject, published in 1770 under the name of Prost de Rayer, and to the anonymous treatise on the same subject, by Étienne Souchet, Cologne. 1769. Paris and Berlin, 1776, 12mo. Legitimacy of Legal Usury, in which its utility is proven, by J. Faiguet de Villeneuve, Amsterdam, 1770. 12mo; Remarks on the Treatise on Usury and Interest (by Abbé de La Forest. 1769). with on Analysis of the Reflections on Commercial Loans (1771), to serve as a supplement to the theological dissertation on usury, by Pierre Lecoq, Amsterdam. 1775. 12mo; Means of extirpating Usury, or a Project for the establishment of a Public Bank for loaning upon all kinds of Property, by a lawyer in the parliament (H. Prévost de Saint Lucien), 1776-8. 12mo—(the establishment of the mord de pieti was attributed to the effect produced by this book): The Theory of Interest on Money derived from principles of Natural Law. Theology and Politics, against the abuse of the imputation of Usury, by J. L. Gouttes, Paris, 1780, 12mo; The Defender of Usury Confounded, or a Refutation of the Theory of Interest on Money, by Abbé de la Porte (with a collection of the ordinances against usury, by Maultrot), Paris. 1782, 12mo: Observations on Interest Loans in Commerce, by the Abbé Prigent, Paris, 1783, 12mo; The Defender of Usury Confounded once more by the Author of Principles of Usury, a Refutation of the Theory of Interest on Money, by the Abbé de la Porte, Paris, 1786, 12mo: Usury Laws—or, an exposition of the impolicy of legal restraints on the terms of pecuniary bargains, by Jeremy Bentham, 1787; The new Patrons of Usury Refuted, including the last defender of Calrin on the same subject—a work dedicated to the states general, by the Abbé Rougane, Paris, 1789, 12 mo; Memoir on Loaning at Interest, by J. Turgot. 1789; Considerations on Loaning at Interest, by M. * * * (Baron Ambroise Render). Jurist, Paris, 1806, 8vo; Memoir honored with a Prize by the Academie du Gard, on this question: To determine the principle of Interest on Money, and its relation to Morals, by J. D. Meyer. Amsterdam, 1808, 8vo; Elucidation of Loans, Usury and Trade in Money, by Abbé Remi Pothier, Rheims, 1809; Considerations on the Rate of Interest, by E. B. Sugden, London, 1817, 8vo; Report by and Evidence taken before the Select Committee of the House of Commons on the Usury Law, London, 1818, folio; Dissertation on Commercial Loans, by Card. C. G. de la Luzerne, Dijon, 1823, 3 vols., 8vo; Dissertation on Contracts for Annuities, followed by some observations on two decisions on the matter of usury paid at Paris, by Cardinal Caprara, (Pagès, 1816), Lyons, 1823; Reflections on the Speech of the Chairman of the Commission for the Reduction of Interest, by P. Pelegrin, Paris, 1824, 8vo; On the Rate of Interest on Money, and its Reduction, by A. J. E. Baconnière-Salverte, Paris, 1824, 8vo; Explanation of a simple Means of reducing the Rate of Interest on the Public Funds in France, by André D. Laffon de Ladébat, Paris, 1825, 8vo; Dissertation on Loans at Interest—an explanation of the circumstances which justify taking interest, by Abbé E. Pagès, Paris and Lyons, 1826, 8vo; Treatise on Usury in Civil and Commercial Transactions, by F.-X. P. Garnier, Paris, 1826, 12mo; Usury Considered in its Relations to Political Economy, Public Morals and Legislation—or, the necessity of repealing the Law of Sept. 3, 1807, and modifying Art. 1907 of the Civil Code, by Ch. Lucas, Paris, 1829, 8mo, pamphlet; Discussion on Usury, where it is demonstrated that moderate usury is neither contrary to the Holy Scripture, nor to natural law, etc., by Abbé Mastrolini, (translated into French from the 4th Italian edition, by the Canon of Annecy, and supplemented by a collection of the decisions of the Holy See on usury), Lyons, 1834, 8vo; Investigations made by the English Parliament in 1838 and 1841 on the effects produced by the Laws in regard to Usury; Monts de Piété (pawnbrokers' shops) and Banks which loan on Pledges, by M. A. Blaise, Paris, 1843, 1 vol., 8vo; Observations on the Usury Laws, by J. B. Byle, Serjeant at Law, (London?) 1845; Gratuitous Credit—a discussion between Bastiat and Proudhon, Paris, 1850, 1 vol., 16mo; Obstacles to Credit—considerations submitted to the commission of the legislative assembly, who examine the proposition of M. de Saint-Priest on usury, by J. Beauvais, Merchant, Paris, 1850, 8vo, pamphlet; Manual for Debates on Usury, Crédit Foncier (i e., loans secured by mortgage of real estate), Finance, etc.—a summary of the labors of the greatest thinkers, applied to France by a system immediately practicable, by Albert Polonius, Paris, 1850, 1 vol., 8vo; The Question of Usury, by Saint-Priest; Report of the Commission appointed to examine the Proposition of M. Felix de Saint-Priest on the Crime of Usury, by M. Paillet. The Moniteur of those times contains the speeches of MM. Aubréy (of the Vosges), Sainte-Beuve, Lherbette and Léon Faucher; in favor of the proposition by MM. Paillet, Saint-Priest and Corsan. Other writers have treated the subject of usury incidentally, among whom may be named Plutarch, Against Borrowing for Interest; Saumaise, Four Treatises on Usury, in Latin; Dumoulin, On Usuries; Voodt, De Pœnore; Scaccia, Questions; Montesquieu, Spirit of Laws; D. Hume, Essay on the Interest of Money (1752); Pothier, Loans, Contracts of Sale; M. Frémery, Studies in Commercial Law; Thieriet, Dissertation on Loans at Interest. To the above should be added: Some Considerations of the Consequences of the Lowering of Interest and Raising the Value of Money, by John Locke, 18mo, London, 1692; An Essay on the Law of Usury, by Mark Ord, Hartford, 1809, 8vo; Interest made Equity, by J. R. M'Culloch, N. Y., 1826; A Summary of the History and Law of Usury, with an examination of the Policy of the existing System, by J. B. Kelly, 8vo, Philadelphia, 1853; The History of Usury from the Earliest Period to the Present Time, together with a brief statement of general principles concerning the conflict of laws in different states and countries, and an examination into the policy of Laws on Usury, and their effect upon Commerce, by J. B. C. Murray, Philadelphia, 1866, 8vo; Labor and Loans at Interest, by Ch. le Lièvre, Paris (?); Labor and Usury in Ancient Times, by Ch. le Lièvre; Loans at Interest, by L. F. Vignon; A Treatise on the Law of Usury, Pawns or Pledges, and Maritime Loans, by R. H. Tyler, Albany, 1873, 8vo; Free Trade in Money the Great and Principal Cause of Fraud, Poverty and Ruin: Stringent Usury Laws the best defense of the People against Hard Times, etc., by J. Whipple, Boston, 1878. 8vo, paper; Encyclopedia of Commerce, article Interest, by Smith Homans; Appleton's Encyclopœdia, Johnson's Encyclopœdia, Encyclopœdia Britannica, article Interest. See also Poole's Index to Periodical Literature, under Usury and Usury Laws; also Saml. Jones Loyd's Testimony on Banks of Issue before the Select Committee of the House of Commons in 1840, queries 2841 and 2842; J. S. Mill's Political Economy, book iii., chap. xxiii.; H. D. Macleod's Principles of Economics, vol. i., pp. 215-219; Science of Wealth, by Amasa Walker, book iv., chap. vi.; Roscher's Political Economy, book iii., chap. iv.; Usury Laws: their Nature, Expediency and Influence—opinions of Jeremy Bentham and John Calvin, with review of the existing situation and recent experience of the United States, by Richard H. Dana, Jr., David A. Wells, and others, (Econ. Tracts, No. IV., series of 1880-81, N. Y., Society for Political Education); Essay on the History and Legislation on Usury, by Liégeois, Paris, 1863; Interest on Money and Usury, by M. Sabrau, Paris, 1865; Freedom of Money—official investigation into the project of repealing the laws which prohibit usury, by M. Dulae, Paris, 1865; Usury and Finance in relation to the Law of 1807, by M. Gorse, Paris, 1865.
E. J. L., Tr
Notes for this chapter
End of Notes
Return to top
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Academic Writing
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Personalhistorisk Tidsskrift is a Danish-language magazine of biography and genealogy, published by the Samfundet for Dansk Genealogi og Personalhistorie (formerly the Samfundet for Dansk-Norsk Genealogi og Personalhistorie).
Personalhistorisk Tidsskrift began publication in 1880. It is still published today.
This is a record of a major serial archive. This page is maintained for The Online Books Page. (See our criteria for listing serial archives.) This page has no affiliation with the serial or its publisher.
Help with reading books -- Report a bad link -- Suggest a new listing
Home -- Search -- New Listings -- Authors -- Titles -- Subjects -- Serials
Books -- News -- Features -- Archives -- The Inside Story
Edited by John Mark Ockerbloom (firstname.lastname@example.org).
OBP copyright and licenses.
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History
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Content Listing
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PROBLEM OCCURED WHEN HEARD A CLICKING NOISE CHANGED THE GEAR ON THE SIDE OF THE VENT AN WONT CHAN...
Q&AAsk Your Question
All 2003 Ford Explorer
Recharge of ac system didn't solve the problem.
clicking sound when turn heat on sounds like comming from dash (around radio)no heat
It started with the engine overheating. I took it to several shops and a ford dealer and they cou...
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Transportation
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Q&A Forum
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I interviewed Stephanie Wells, the designer of Double Happiness whose pieces have been frequently featured on Gossip Girl, in magazines such as Seventeen and Nylon, and seen on celebrities including Nina Dobrev and Emma Roberts.
KB: How long have you been designing jewelry for and what's the background of your line Double Happiness?
SW: I have been designing jewelry for 11 years. I began making jewelry for myself, but quickly found others wanting to buy the pieces from me. I am 90% self taught – that is, I did not study jewelry, wire wrapping or lost wax casting. It is through many hours of trying to figure out how to manifest what is in my head and make it into reality that my techniques were born.
KB: What are your inspirations when designing? Do you have different visions for each collection?
SW: My raw materials are what inspire me and they change each season. Having worked with editors and stylists for years, I understand the seasonal cycles and work with colors specific to that season. BUT, I have a hard time re-working materials, that is once I work with a color and cut, I find it hard to go back and be re-inspired. Thus, I am constantly searching for new, unique materials each season. I also like to collaborate with in-need womens organizations both in the US and overseas and have been fortunate to create collections with gorgeous hand made paper beads from Uganda, amazing seed bead flowers from Afghanistan, and gorgeous African wax cloth from Rwanda.
KB: What are your thoughts on Gossip Girl? Did you have a vision of seeing your jewelry on any particular characters?
SW: Gossip Girl is the fashion trend leader on TV and it is an honor to be included in their fashion. I love the fact they have a variety of looks, as I like to create a variety of looks/energies when I design. I think all women have a variety of energies they like to channel – boho, chic, rocker – and I try to design to fit all our needs.
KB: What is it like seeing your pieces on one of television's most fashion forward shows? Has being featured on Gossip Girl had a large impact on your designs?
SW: It’s extremely flattering. Gossip Girl is distributed all over the world, and it is interesting to see the response we get from people overseas. I have had sales from Jordan, England, Spain all because characters on Gossip Girl have worn my jewelry.
KB: Can we expect to see Double Happiness on any other shows or movies?
SW: Double Happiness Jewelry is often used in movies, TV shows and magazine editorials. I cannot usually publicize press in a TV show or magazine until the press actually hits the streets. But, I can say that the stylist for Harry's Law just picked up pieces from the line. We are also often on the Wendy Williams Show, Rachel Ray show to name a few.
To purchase Double Happiness Jewelry visit their website. Listed below are the episodes of Gossip Girl Double Happiness was featured in, click on the titles to see the posts!
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Audio Transcript
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Nell Merlino, Contributor
Advocate and expert on women's business leadership and empowerment
Just my luck, I finally convince myself to purchase an iPad 2 and now Apple is scrambling to address serious allegations of abuse among its supplier network in China. Many, if not most, of the workers involved are women. Should we burn our iPads in protest? Or can we use them to drive positive change?
Apple’s challenge centers on how to proactively get out in front of these issues and allegations. If Apple is perceived to simply be reacting to events, they risk damaging their brand and their business performance. Occupy the Apple Store, if it or something like it happens, would be a major failure of leadership at Apple.
Apple faces serious allegations involving child labor, factory explosions caused by negligence and high rates of worker suicide. Did Foxconn really put nets up to keep workers from jumping off buildings? Major media outlets, particularly the New York Times, are relentlessly pursuing this story.
After some initial hesitation, Apple CEO Tim Cook seems to have formulated a cohesive response. It borrows heavily from the crisis PR playbook written over the past few decades in a stilted dance among global firms, advocacy groups, continuous news cycles and advances in communications technology.
Apple’s crisis response includes emphasizing the code of conduct it maintains for its supply chain and firmly stating its ‘industry leading’ position on these issues. Apple has also enlisted the Fair Labor Association (FLA) (www.fairlabor.org) to inspect facilities and monitor practices in its supply chain. The problem with these response elements is that they remain entirely reactive and predictable.
In fact, the FLA was created in the late 1990s to help counter criticism for abusive practices in the global supply chains of Nike and other firms. Notably, while they have done a lot to improve conditions and practices in their supply chain, Nike was significantly tainted by this episode while its competitor Reebok was seen as a proactive innovator in addressing supply chain concerns.
Wal-Mart’s growth in China offers a compelling model for leadership on supply chain issues that benefits business performance. By proactively making a fundamental business commitment to sustainability across its entire business, Wal-Mart has rapidly become a highly valued and highly trusted brand for both Chinese consumers and the Chinese government around food safety.
Big companies like Apple and Wal-Mart will always be exposed to potentially damaging labor, environmental and consumer issues. While much of Apple’s current crisis response looks routine, the company has indicated it will take the unprecedented step of posting the results of its FLA audits online. This innovative nod to transparency dovetails nicely with the capacity for Apple products to connect and empower people via social media and data.
Now we can track Apple’s progress addressing supply chain issues on our iPads. If we don’t like what we’re seeing, we can organize protests and video tape them with our iPhones. We can turn Occupy the Apple Store into an Apple Spring.
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So yeah, I really like the basic ideas behind using stats for a noble house as backdrop. But I think there's some flaws in the system. Specifically:
-Houses scale from 10-70 on resources, with linear increase in strength of holdings, while the curve should rather be exponential.
-Because of this influence and status often does not properly reflect the material holdings that these are based on.
To begin with, I'll nail down some definitions:
-Rank is where the house stands compared to others, where 0 is a peasant family and 70 is that of the mightiest great house. I'm leaving the King out of it, because the Iron Throne generally does not hold direct command over as many resources as say Highgarden or Casterly Rock.
-Resources is used to buy holdings, like current rules, and are derived according to the formula: Resources=Rank*Rank/10.
-Holdings as current, but with modified costs.
Note; I am not going to present a final product, not yet anyway, the separation of rank and resources could result in a fair bit of unbalance. And I'm mostly interested in getting my general ideas out at this point. The system will also most likely lead to that player created houses perhaps becomes slightly stronger. Don't get caught up too much in the specific numbers presented.
Change number one: Status and Influence.
The Influence resource is no longer used to buy status for heirs. It is used for buying house status:
Knightly House: 10, status 2
Petty Noble House: 40, status 2
Minor Noble House: 160, status 3
Major Noble House: 250, status 4
Great Noble House: 360, status 5*
*Requires the Iron Throne to approve. As there can only be one great house per realm. Though arguably, a "vassal house" might reach the status of being "great" if the paramount house also holds the title of warden (House Hightower probably is the closest to qualify as such).
House status works in the way that it determines what kind of status members may purchase. The Lord, his spouse, their children and their spouses can buy up to the listed amount. First cousins have the listed amount -1. Second cousins have the listed amount -2. Children of First cousins have the listed amount -2. And so on. Castellan, steward and master at arms has the listed amount -1, Sworn swords the listed amount -2. It will never go below 2.
With this comes amended benefits:
Landed Knight, requires Knightly House: +1D to all status tests.
Lord of House, requires noble House: +2D to all status tests.
Lady of House, requires noble House: +1D to all status tests.
Heir, requires noble House: +1D to all status tests.
Warden (of the North, south, east or west): +3D to all status tests.
Member of the Small Council: +3D to all status tests
Hand of the King, Regent: +4D to all status tests
You only get the highest bonus, and I'd generally advise that characters being appointed Hand of the King swaps out his lord benefit with hand of the king benefit, or whatever it is he has.
The Influence rank, in my opinion, should be have two components:
1. Base influence rank is the average value of your rank in defense, lands, power and wealth.*
2. The Influence modifier, which is a number between 0 and rank/5 which is either added or subtracted.**
*Without more in depth rules for Law and Population than a modifier on house fortunes, I don't really want to factor them in.
**This is what will be rolled during house creation, which will be influenced by events and realm. Probably, this will mean that you don't make the 7d6 roll for influence at all.
For expansion, I would suggest introducing "House Qualities" benefits which would cost rank*10 resources and drawbacks that would give rank*10 resources. For example:
All members of the House gets +1B on Status reputation.
All members of the House gets -1D on status reputation. (I imagine the Freys have taken this one).
This could maybe be done for other types of resources also.
While it would be fun, I'm not going to look into law/population, they have no holdings associated with them.
Changes to holdings:
Defense, here, resource inflation needs to have a corresponding increase in holding cost, so without much further ado:
Small Castle: 90
Large Castle: 250
Superior Castle: 360
Extraordinary Castle: 490
You could skip the latter two steps, but IMO, Harrenhaal is so much bigger than Winterfell that I think they should be there for the sake of completeness.
For Land Holdings, I wouldn't change much, the core idea of mine is that a house with 70 of something has a lot more than 7 times than a house with 10 of the same thing. A house of 70 of something has like 50 times as much now.
Except for communities, which I would increase in cost along the lines of what I did with castles above.
Power would be much the same, but with the add-on that the cost of a banner house is equal to it's power rank. A Banner House with 50 power (with banner houses and units worth 250 resources) costs 50 resources.
Wealth is the tricky part, you'll run out of options fairly quick, to mitigate this, you could increase prices, introduce more diverse holdings. Or maybe make it so that every holding you buy increases the cost of any further holdings. Say, the price of a new holding is increased by 1 for each wealth holding you already have.
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New Listings in Texas - Friday, March 30th, 2012
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Coldwell Banker United, Realtors
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Structured Data
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Dish failed to
disclose its intention to launch a commercial-skipping option when it worked
out retransmission consent with CBS, the broadcast network said in documents
filed with the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York.
“This is an action for injunctive relief… against Dish for breaching the
retransmission consent agreement between it and CBS, dated Jan. 5, 2012; and
against Dish for fraudulently concealing material information in its
negotiation of the retransmission agreement with CBS, thereby fraudulently
inducing CBS to enter into that agreement,” the filing states.
Dish launched the Hopper set-top last March. It skips commercials in prime time
only on broadcast networks. CBS, as well as Fox and NBC, cried copyright
violation and all sued separately. A federal judge in California denied Fox’s
request to order Dish to stop skipping commercials while the copyright case was
being decided. The network immediately appealed.
While the cases remain pending in court, the strife escalates. Dish introduced
the SlingHopper at 2013 CES in Las Vegas earlier this month. The SlingHopper
adds the capability of a SlingBox, allowing users to watch their programming
remotely over a broadband connection. Online tech news site CNET
selected the SlingHopper for a
“Best of CES” award, but corporate parent company CBS reportedly nixed the
selection due to the ongoing litigation. CNET’s
Greg Sandoval resigned over the incident, according to several news sources,
including PC Mag
CBS claims its retransmission consent agreement with Dish was completed before
the network had any knowledge of the Hopper.
“At the time the retransmission agreement was negotiated,
Dish knew that CBS would not have been willing to enter into the retransmission
agreement if CBS had been aware that Dish would attempt to use
its limited access to the CBS Broadcast Signal as a vehicle for offering CBS’s
primetime programming to Dish subscribers on an on-demand, commercial-free
basis,” the court filing states.
CBS claims that Executive Vice President Marty Franks made it clear during
negotiations that the network did not intend to include new or future business
in the retrans deal. The filing says that in mid-December Franks met with Dish
executives, who showed him the stuffed kangaroo that represents the Hopper
logo, but that they failed to mention the “AutoHop function that enables
commercial-skipping. Four days after the retrans agreement was signed, Dish
launched the Hopper, the filing said. Then on May 10, 2012, Dish activated the
CBS is asking the court to “permanently enjoin” Dish from offering AutoHop, a
rescission of its retrans agreement with CBS, statutory damages and attorney
Nov. 12, 2012:
Appeals to Stop the Hop
legal team wasted no time in appealing a federal judge’s decision last week to
let Dish keep on skipping broadcast TV commercials.
Nov. 8, 2012:
Lets Dish Keep on Hopping
Dolly Gee of the United States District Court for the Central District of
California denied Fox’s request to order Dish to stop skipping network TV
commercials, published reports indicate.
May 29, 2012:
Dish Sue Each Other Over Hopper
expected, three out of the four major broadcast networks filed lawsuits against
Dish Network and its Hopper DVR that allows viewers to automatically skip TV
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Finance & Business
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News Article
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Thank you, Sheriff Zaruba. I appreciate your kind words. I also want to thank you, and the NSA's outstanding leadership team, for inviting and welcoming me here today.
It's good to be among friends. Over the years, I've been privileged to work with many of you, and, today, I'm proud to stand alongside each of you in answering our nation's call to attain justice.
In that effort to attain justice, enforce our laws, and -- most importantly -- protect the American people, America's sheriffs serve as essential partners to the Justice Department. This morning, I'm eager to discuss the work we share. But I'm also here to ask for your help in building the future we all seek.
In looking toward this future, and to the needs that must be met and challenges that must be faced, I'm reminded of the wisdom that our nation's most iconic sheriff left us. As John Wayne once said, "Tomorrow hopes we've learned something from yesterday."
It's true that tomorrow's success is informed by our past experiences. And I'm certain it will be defined by our current priorities.
In establishing the Department's agenda for this year and beyond, we are guided by the knowledge that moving forward effectively requires a commitment to getting back to basics. We've begun by reinvigorating the traditional missions of the Justice Department and by re-instilling an ethos of integrity, independence and transparency in everything we do.
Even as we confront the complex challenges posed by global terrorism, and even as we recognize this work as the Department's top priority, we must also embrace the historic and most fundamental roles of law enforcement: fighting crime, protecting civil rights, preserving the environment, and ensuring fairness in the market place.
Your entire membership, indeed every person in this room, can play a role. And your guidance can make a critical difference. In the work of making our neighborhoods and communities safer, you are the front lines. You know what works. You know what doesn't. And you have taught me that there is no such thing as a one-size-fits-all answer to the dynamic and evolving problem of crime.
This lesson became clear to me years ago, when I served as a young federal prosecutor. And it's been reinforced by my experiences as a judge, as a U.S. Attorney, as Deputy Attorney General and, today, as Attorney General. I have learned, repeatedly and unequivocally, that good police work is a critical first step to understanding, punishing and preventing crime. It's the cornerstone of sound policy and the basis for effective resource investments.
But good police work is not done in isolation. It's done in partnership. And it's done with a commitment to exchanging information, ideas and experiences.
I know that collaboration is the most powerful law enforcement tool we have. This effort begins with the brave men and women who police our neighborhoods, manage our jails and help secure our borders.
This work -- your work -- makes a difference in communities, in families, and in individual lives. And it will be a key component in meeting the Justice Department's goals for this year and beyond.
I want to talk more specifically about several of our priorities. And I want to tell you about some of the ways the Justice Department is working to provide much-needed support to sheriffs and other law enforcement personnel.
One of the top priorities of this Justice Department is to re-establish our relationships with state, local and tribal authorities. These partnerships are critical. Yet, in recent years, many of them have suffered, been neglected or been taken for granted. No longer. We are committed to rebuilding these bonds. And we are actively working to open new channels of communication and collaboration.
At every level, we're focused on strengthening the Department's core missions of combating terrorism and fighting crime.
In the months ahead, we plan to give particular emphasis to initiatives aimed at tackling economic crime, international organized crime, youth violence and the exploitation of children.
We will also be focusing on improving our corrections system and ensuring that conditions are secure, humane and aimed at rehabilitation.
There's no question that problems in our jails and prisons are alarming, especially the increased prevalence of sexual assault. The Bureau of Justice Statistics recently found that 12 percent of young offenders in our juvenile facilities have been sexually victimized. This is horrifying. It's also unacceptable.
As we work toward making improvements, many of you have raised practical concerns about some of the recommendations included in the Prison Rape Elimination Act Commission Report. I am committed to working with you. And I'm determined to address this problem effectively, collaboratively, and as quickly as possible.
Sheriffs must be a part of this work. I'm pleased that several of you will be meeting with the Department's PREA Working Group on Monday. And I want each of you to know that there will be additional opportunities to offer input and to comment on proposed regulations.
We'll also be soliciting your assistance in our reinvigorated drug enforcement efforts. This work is driving an enhanced focus on Mexico and on our southwest border. To date, the Department has launched a series of efforts aimed at confronting the threats posed by Mexican cartels, by sophisticated criminal organizations, by smugglers of guns, drugs, and cash, and by those intent on illegally crossing into our country.
Some of you work along our southwest border. You know, as surely as I do, that we simply cannot afford to ignore the problem of illegal immigration. Several of you have reached out to us and to our colleagues across the Administration. You've warned that tension is building. And you've described its consequences: spikes in hate crimes, an increased fear of local law enforcement, and growing concerns for public safety.
We hear you. And we are working to ensure that the federal government lives up to its responsibility to create and enforce effective immigration laws.
President Obama has signaled his commitment to comprehensive immigration reform. He's engaged the Justice Department in finding a workable solution for the millions who are in our country without lawful status. And he's called on us, as well as the Department of Homeland Security, to provide technical assistance on issues of enforcement, administrative and judicial review, and civil rights.
As we encourage and pursue reforms, let me be clear about two points: We will fulfill our obligation to enforce current immigration laws. And we will also honor our commitment to safeguard civil rights in our border areas, as well as in our workplaces, our housing markets and our voting booths.
I realize that achieving the goals I've laid out will not be easy. Success will depend on how well we support our law enforcement partners. It will also depend on our ability to provide the investments you need to do your jobs well.
In this time of mounting deficits and budget cuts, I know that your work has become more difficult. But it's never been more important. The needs of your offices cannot be ignored or overlooked. You deserve better, and our communities deserve better.
That ' s why, from day one, this Administration has been focused on providing local law enforcement officials with sufficient resources. And the Justice Department is an enthusiastic partner in this work.
Through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act alone, we have awarded more than $2 billion through the Office of Justice Programs. And we ' ve allocated more than $1 billion through the office of Community Oriented Policing Services.
Many of you - but not enough of you - have benefited from these investments. As part of our OJP Recovery Act rural law enforcement program, $36 million was awarded to sheriffs' offices. And sheriffs have received nearly $9 million under our Southern Border program.
However, addressing the challenges faced by law enforcement requires more than simply moving money out the door. We must match resources effectively with local needs, something that can only be achieved through strong federal-local partnerships. We must also recognize that, in the work of ensuring public safety, these partnerships go far beyond funding decisions.
We must seek out new ways to deepen and extend these partnerships. This includes participating in each others' task forces. It includes sharing data and research. And it requires taking what we know, and what we have learned from each other, and making sure this information is put to good use.
There's no question that this type of cooperation among law enforcement agencies is vital to fulfilling our missions and responsibilities. And one of our core objectives must be to work together to protect the safety of our law enforcement officers.
A key part of this work is the Department's Body Armor Initiative and our Bulletproof Vest Partnership Program. Through our National Institute of Justice, we run a rigorous standards and testing program to ensure that body armor does what it's supposed to do: keep law enforcement safe. Through our Bureau of Justice Assistance, we've helped law enforcement personnel in more than 13,000 jurisdictions purchase some 800,000 protective vests -- vests that can make a critical difference to our officers in the field.
Unfortunately, in the past, some body armor was poorly manufactured. Some materials degraded to the point of being ineffective against the bullets they were designed to defeat. The Justice Department's Civil Division has been in litigation with several companies over defective vests made from a material called Zylon. In October 2008, one of the companies -- Armor Holdings Products -- agreed to pay $30 million as part of a settlement.
Today, I'm pleased to announce that $11 million from this and other settlements will be invested in law enforcement officers across the country. These resources will not be going back into the Treasury. They will be pumped into our Bulletproof Vest Partnership Program. And, this year, they will enable us to purchase an estimated 26,000 additional bullet-resistant vests.
Through this and other programs, we will take every step possible to protect your safety.
I want you all to know that violence against law enforcement will not be tolerated. At every level of your Justice Department, and in every corner of our country, acts of violence against law enforcement will be pursued. They will be prosecuted. And they will be punished.
There is nothing more basic, or more important, to our work than keeping our law enforcement officers safe. Recently, our nation, and our law enforcement community, was tragically reminded of this truth.
As you well know, less than two months ago, in a coffee shop in Lakewood, Washington, four police officers sat together, preparing for a work day they would not live to see. At 8:30 that morning, these officers were ambushed by a gunman and killed in cold blood. It's believed that they were targeted, murdered, simply because of the uniforms they wore and the public service they provided.
These victims, of course, were members of Lakewood's 100-member police department. But they were part of something much larger. They were part of a law enforcement community that includes federal, state, local and tribal officials. They were part of our nation's law enforcement family.
Their memorial service was attended by more than 20,000 people. Officers from as far away as New York, Boston and Chicago drove hundreds of miles to be there, creating a processional that lasted nearly three and a half hours.
But tragically, this type of senseless killing of law enforcement officers is not an isolated incident. Just last week, Captain Chad Reed of the Dixie County Sheriff's Office in Dixie County, Florida lost his life in the line of duty during a gunfight with a murder suspect. Captain Reed and his family are in our thoughts and prayers- today and always.
The program from the Lakewood officers' memorial service included the Police Officers' Prayer. A prayer for courage, for strength, for dedication and for compassion. These are the qualities I see and admire in law enforcement officials across our country, and within this room.
It is your gifts, your dedication and your leadership that will enable our Justice Department to make a positive, historic difference.
Let us commit to this work. Let us learn from each other. Let us work in partnership to develop law enforcement programs that are sophisticated, smart, tough and effective. And let us do so today.
I look forward to working with you, and learning from you, over the next several years. Together, we can make a better America. Thank you.
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R. Pressley, 34
Published: Tuesday, August 21, 2012 at 7:20 a.m.
Last Modified: Tuesday, August 21, 2012 at 7:20 a.m.
R.Travis Pressley, 34, passed away Sunday, August 19, 2012. Services will be private. Shuler funeral Home is assisting the family
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.
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The Filly Funk
How coaches, parents and athletes deal with female runners' maturation plateau.
The main reason I lost interest in running was because I wasn’t winning any more. It wasn’t fun,” Molly says of her later years of high school. “I was working just as hard as when I was a freshman, but running slower. And being beaten by eighth-graders.”
Ouch. The filly funk. High school boys usually follow a linear progression, getting stronger and faster as they age. Girls, however, often run fast right out of the gate and then plateau or even regress as juniors or seniors. This vexes girls, their parents and coaches alike, and sometimes short-circuits what can be a lifelong, rewarding activity.
The funk involves a swirling myriad of factors, unique to each runner. We’re not going to talk about the unalterable why here, but about how to minimize negativity, bridge frustration, maintain motivation and keep running. Strategies gleaned from coaches, parents and athletes fall into four broad categories: Switching It Up, Health, Fun and Goals.
SWITCHING IT UP
Comparison causes suffering. But if it’s apples and oranges, there’s no comparison. If it’s your first 800 or 400 or (fill in the blank) — it’ll always be a PR. And fresh, and exciting.
“If a girl ran a fast mile as a freshman and is struggling to repeat or improve on that performance, I’ll suggest the 4 x 800 or, heck, even the 400 or 200,” says Bev Docherty, parent and longtime high school track and cross country coach at Mounds Park Academy in St. Paul. “I really don’t think young athletes should focus on one event, or even one sport.” Because cross country offers less opportunity to switch distances, Docherty is a strong proponent of keeping younger harriers in junior high or JV competition, regardless of their ability, simply because the variety of distances, unlike the regulation high school 4K or 5K varsity course, making comparisons difficult.
“I recommend they have their serum ferritin level checked several times per year, preferably by a physician who knows running,” says Matt Gabrielson, head girls cross country coach at Edina High School in suburban Minneapolis. The combination of increased mileage, onset of menstrual cycles and rapid growth depletes stored ferritin, resulting in fatigue and decreased performance. Many endurance athletes, he finds, need iron supplementation.
Sleep is another cornerstone of health that’s often overlooked, Gabrielson observes. Juniors and seniors are more likely than eighth- or ninth-graders to have hours of homework, jobs, college applications and boyfriends, putting the squeeze on sleep. “Some of the juniors couldn’t figure out why they weren’t running as fast. I discovered they were sleeping four hours a night.”
Weight is, of course, the great unmentionable. Most coaches and parents are hyperaware of the delicacy of the topic and steer discussions toward food as fuel for health, energy and fitness. “It’s not about weight, it’s about fitness,” Gabrielson says.
Fun, as in sleepovers. Even top-level athletes need to balance their commitment to the sport with being a teenager. An athlete choosing a sleepover over an optional post-season meet shouldn’t be a cause for concern but a sign of a healthy, balanced perspective.
Fun, as in diversity. “I always try to make workouts as fun as possible,” Gabrielson says, “but in the off seasons, I think seventh-, eighth-and ninth-graders should be playing basketball, soccer, whatever. They’ll be fresher when they come back.”
Fun, as in winning. Kathleen Miller is the mother of four girls and was a high school cross country/track coach for nine years. “I’ve seen so many seventh- and eighth-graders who run varsity, get injured or bored or whatever and never run again,” she says. “I’d like to take a longer view.” So when her own talented eighth-grader went out for cross country, Miller insisted she run with the junior high program, even when her daughter’s eighth-grade friend moved up to the varsity team. “Initially she was upset about not being able to run varsity, but after winning several big eighth-grade races, she admitted, if she’d run varsity, she would have been back in the pack and would have missed the accolades, the fun of winning and of running with her friends,” Miller says.
“I’ll meet with the runner and her parents, and we’ll talk about how it’s common for all athletes to plateau,” Docherty says. “It’s easier to discuss because it’s not personal, it’s not a failing, it’s not tied to having a woman’s body. Plateaus are a normal feature of any athlete’s career.” Once the negativity is replaced with a more objective view, they can set a course for the future.
Docherty finds that young runners often focus on only one goal: running faster. She helps them take a step back and examine how their lives are constantly changing, and how running fits into that dynamic tableau. During particularly stressful times, such as when athletes are taking college entrance tests and applying to colleges, Docherty may suggest different, equally worthwhile goals like contributing to team points, developing speed (e.g., for a 3200 meter runner), remaining injury-free, serving as a team leader and role model or even, paradoxically, learning how to lose.
High school coach Erin Block Ward, of Central High School in St. Paul, tells the story of a fast filly who enjoyed great success until junior year. “We suggested she go out for Nordic skiing, instead of running over the winter,” Ward says. “She was awful. Dead last in every race. But she would finish, last, and say, ‘That was fun!’” Learning how to enjoy a sport without winning put things in perspective, and ultimately helped a successful high school runner become a successful college runner
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Edward Humber and Colin Lucas, who are both 64 years of age and residents of Stephenville Crossing, had gone ice fishing for trout at the same location on Thursday morning and everything went fine; however, when they returned in the afternoon they broke through the ice.
Humber said while his buddy was able to roll like a seal and find good ice, he wasn’t so fortunate. With his coat undone and hauling him down and ice breaking away, he was having some difficulty trying to get hold of something solid.
While the two had a sled, which he was holding onto, the ice just kept breaking away and the sled would sink on his end. He said at one point, Lucas almost got him out, but not quite.
With the water only five to six feet deep, he was able to push himself up as needed but the length of time in the frigid water was starting to take its toll. He feels that had he taken off his coat he might have been able to make it.
Meanwhile a passerby had witnessed the two men in trouble and called the RCMP. Corporal Joe Anderson and Constable Todd Davidson, who were carrying out a patrol in the area at the time, about 1:10 p.m., responded. Using a rope they had in the trunk of their cruiser, they threw it out to Humber and hauled him in to shore.
Both men were soaking wet and were immediately attended to, then taken to Sir Thomas Roddick Hospital in Stephenville by ambulance, where they were treated and released later on Thursday.
Humber said when he arrived at the hospital he was still in a bit of shock after being in the cold water for about 20 minutes, which seemed more like an hour. He said the nurses treated him really well and remembers a hot cup of tea he was given taking the cold right out of his body.
He had some concerns when he was in the water due to prior health issues; however, he said he was surprised at the strength of the human body.
Humber said he and Lucas have been ice fishing pretty well daily when weather permitted and have caught a lot of trout at Little River, including one that weighed in at two and a half pounds.
He admits there was some stupidity on his part.
“It (the ice) looked white; however, there were spots where brown water was forming and that’s usually a sign there could be a problem. I guess we shouldn’t have gone out there in the afternoon,” Humber said.
Being an experienced ice fisher, he is aware southeasterly wind is a bad one on the ice.
“I think the weather played tricks on us,” he said.
Humber said after the strong winds on Thursday, he wouldn’t advise people to be on the ice now, as it’s getting compromised.
While he’s not sure if his friend will go back ice fishing, he said he will be back at it, but will be a lot more careful the next time.
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The February edition of Reason has my column on fan fiction, “The Fan Fiction Phenomena: What Faust, Hamlet, and Xena the Warrior Princess have in common,” in which I discuss fan-written stories based on television, film, and book characters. (As I mention in the column, I myself have been writing Xena: Warrior Princess fanfic for the past six years.) I also discuss some of the critiques directed at fan fiction. One of those critics, writer Lee Goldberg, now argues on his blog that I misrepresented his position.
Here’s what I wrote in my column (for context, I give the full paragraph):
The concerns that anti-fanfic hard-liners express about the appropriation of their characters are understandable. But Hobb’s idea that readers may mistake Robin Hobb fan fiction for her own work borders on the paranoid, and some arguments advanced by fanfic’s foes make little sense. Thus Hobb exempts from her scorn professionally written Star Trek novels licensed by the copyright owner—even though the license comes from the corporation, not the creators of the characters. (Corporate-licensed works are also hobbled by content restrictions that favor blandness.) The vehemently anti-fanfic writer Lee Goldberg, who blogs at leegoldberg.com, is the author of several authorized novels based on the TV shows Monk and Diagnosis Murder—a contradiction he defends on the grounds that he does it only for the money.
I have written extensively on my blog about fanfiction, particularly my view that the practice of publishing it in print and on the Internet infringes on the original author’s creative rights (not to mention the trademark and copyright issues). I’ve argued that fanfiction writers should get the permission of the author or rights holder before distributing their work. If the original author or rights holder has no problem with fanfiction based on their work, then I don’t either. I have also said that licensed tie-in fiction, which I have written, differs significantly on ethical and legal grounds from fanfiction because it is done with the consent, participation and supervision of the original author or rights holder. At no point have I *ever* expressed the views that she incorrectly (and I have to assume deliberately) attributed to me.
Now, I assume the views I have allegedly misattritubed to Goldberg are, (1) that he is vehemently anti-fanfic, and (2) that he has defended his authorship of tie-in novels on the grounds that he only writes them for the money.
On the first count, I think that a read-through of Goldberg’s blogposts on fanfic will suffice to prove my case. While Goldberg does in fact state in a number of posts that in his opinion, fan fiction violates copyright and intellectual property, he devotes far more space to jeering at the moral degeneracy and weirdness of fanficcers, focusing on such fringe phenomena as kiddie porn fanfic, a fan who surfs the Web searching for masturbation fic, male pregnancy fanfic, one fan’s fantasies about Roy Orbison and cling-wrap, real-person slashfic in which actors, singers, and other celebrities are depicted in homoerotic sexual situations, and the like. (By the way, it’s hard not to notice that Goldberg seems especially incensed by gay-themed fanfiction.) He constantly engages in gross generalization; a post about a self-professed Harry Potter smut aficionada is entitled “The Fanfic Mind.” If Goldberg has ever said anything positive about fanfic writers in fandoms where the copyright holders and creators have explicitly allowed and even encouraged fan fiction — such as Buffy The Vampire Slayer and Harry Potter — I have found no evidence of that on his blog. I have, however, found such statements as:
Money and copyright aside, what an incredible waste of creativity. Why toil on characters you don’t own in a world that’s not your own? It’s not even literary masturbation. It’s more like the literary equivalent of having sex with an inflatable woman who looks like Halle Berry.
In another post, mocking an email correspondent who asks him for a link to some fanfic he has mentioned, Goldberg says that it’s “sort of like asking a Jew to direct you to some really rocking anti-Semitic screeds.” Wow, Mr. Goldberg. Tell us how you really feel.
It was not my intent in my column to extensively discuss Lee Goldberg’s views on fan fiction, or the debate about fanfic and copyright/intellectual property laws (an issue I briefly mentioned in my discussion of fantasy writer Robin Hobb’s attack on fan fiction). I would say, however, that “vehemently anti-fanfic” sums up Goldberg’s stance pretty well.
Now, on to the second part. Did Goldberg ever defend his tie-in novels on the grounds that he only writes them for the money? Sure he did, on the very same blog where he now claims to have been misrepresented. In fact, he devoted an entire post to this point on June 16, 2005:
[S]omeone asked what the difference is between someone who writes tie-ins and someone who writes fanfic… beyond the fact that tie-ins are written with the consent of the author/right’s (sic) holder.
There’s a big difference.
I was hired to write DIAGNOSIS MURDER and MONK novels. It’s something I am being paid to do. It’s not like I woke up one morning with a burning desire to write DIAGNOSIS MURDER novels, wrote one up, and sent it off to a publisher (or, as a fanficcer would do, posted it on the web). The publisher came to me and asked me to write them.
I would never write a book using someone else’s characters unless I was hired to do so. It would never even occur to me because the characters aren’t mine.
Given a choice, I would only write novels and TV shows of my own creation. But I have to make a living and I take the work that comes my way…and that includes writing-for-hire, whether it’s on someone else’s TV show or original tie-in novels based on characters I didn’t create. Ultimately, however, what motivates me as a writer is to express myself…not the work of someone else.
That’s the big difference between me and a fanficcer.
Given a choice, fanficcers “write” fanfic.
(The numerous italics are all in the original.)
More recently, Goldberg returns to this theme in a September 20, 2006 post, “Am I a Fanficcer?” While he does stress that his TV show-based novels are published with the consent and involvement of the owners, the “I’m only in it for the money” defense rears its head again:
What I do isn’t comparable to fanfiction — which is using someone else’s work without their consent or involvement and distributing on the Internet. I don’t do it as my personal artistic expression — it’s a job, one that I do to the best of my ability.
Like a fanficcer, I am writing about characters I didn’t create and that are not my own. But, as I said before, unless approached to do so, I would have absolutely no interest or desire to write about someone else’s characters. Why? Because…and let me repeat this… the characters aren’t mine. I didn’t create them. They don’t belong to me. I much prefer to write totally original work and if I could make my living only doing that, I would.
In fairness to Goldberg, I should have said that he defends his tie-in novels partly on the grounds that he only writes them for the money. I singled out this argument because I found it particularly bizarre — it’s the first time I have seen paid hackwork held up as morally superior to an unpaid labor of love — and because I had already mentioned the “fanfic is intellectual theft” argument in my comments on Robin Hobb. If that gave a misleading impression of Goldberg’s views on fanfic, I will readily offer my apologies. However, I certainly did not put any argument in Goldberg’s mouth that he did not repeatedly make on his blog.
Since we’re on the subject, I will answer a question Goldberg poses in his September 20 post:
What I have yet to see any fanficcer explain why they won’t to ask the creator or rights holder for permission before posting and distributing their work. Or why fanficcers adamantly refuse to follow the expressed wishes of creator/rights holders (for example, Rowling has approved fanfiction based on Harry Potter as long as it’s not sexually explicit…but that hasn’t stopped thousands of people from writing and posting Potter slash, disrespecting her and her wishes ).
I know the answer, of course. Fanficcers are terrified of officially being told NO… and identifying themselves in case they decide to blithely violate the author’s wishes anyway.
On the second point: I and most other fanfic writers and readers strongly disapprove of Harry Potter (or any other) fanfic featuring underage characters in sexual situations. I also personally believe that the wishes of any writer who has asked people not to write fan fiction based on his or her work — or has set specific guidelines for such fan fiction, like Rowling or Anne McCaffrey — should be respected. (Since a pro-Goldberg blogger indicts me for “absconding with characters” created by others, I will mention that the producers of Xena actually hired one of my fellow intellectual thieves, fanfic writer Melissa “Missy” Good, to write scripts for the show.)
On the first point, I can only say: Is Goldberg kidding? He knows perfectly well that his “ask for permission first” requirement would mean the end of fan fiction, and NOT because copyright owners would say no. Would original fiction writers be willing to spend hours every day answering emails asking them if it’s okay to post a fanfiction based on their work? With movie- and television-based fanfiction, the situation would be far more complicated. Does Goldberg expect studios to hire a staff just to field requests for permission to post a fanfic? And to whom should the request be directed anyway? The corporation? The creator of the characters? What if the characters have multiple creators? (In the case of Xena: Warrior Princess, it was apparently unclear at one point who owned the rights to the characters, holding up a possible big-screen movie project.)
Furthermore, both writers and studios or other corporations which have no objection to fanfiction based on their characters and settings may well be skittish about actively granting their permission for the publication of specific stories. “Authorized” stories would appear to have the writer’s or owner’s imprimatur. Moreover, the writers or the studio personnel would have either to read the stories submitted — which would be not only incredibly time-consuming but legally problematic — or to authorize them unread.
I do think that it would be an ideal resolution to the legal dilemma of fan-created works if the authors or creators/copyright holders were to state upfront that they do not object to non-commercial fan endeavors — be it fiction, art, or music videos — and, if they wish, to stipulate rules by which they want the writers and artists to abide. (Or, if they do object, to issue a “no fanfic” directive. The vast majority of fans will respect it, for both ethical and legal reasons.) In the absence of such explicit statements, given that the widespread existence of fan fiction is by now no secret to anyone, I think that silence may be presumed to equal consent.
Finally, since we’re on the topic of misrepresentation: In a post on October 12, 2006, Goldberg suggests, on the basis of a New York Times profile of fanfic writer-turned-pro Naomi Novik, that Novik has revised her previously “liberal” views on fanfic and copyright now that she is a commercially published author herself. As some of his commenters point out, Novik has in fact specifically said that this is not so. Goldberg has yet to issue a retraction in the body of his post or even to acknowledge his error in the comments, despite having posted in the comments thread several times.
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Licence Professionnelle Webdesign sensoriel et stratégies de création en ligne (Limoges University – France)
Hpi was teaching Sound Design for Mobile Applications and Websites at Limoges this week.
From sound basics (frequencies, volume, file sizes, formats and compression, effects with EQ, compression, limiter etc…) to sound designers technics, ‘know how’ and tricks, and finally an introduction to sound technologies developed in the video game field, with all the real time challenges.
Teaching is an exercise that most of us enjoy in the team, we love to share our experience, and preparing these sessions is challenging, you have to watch out all the last technological improvements on the market !
Next week, the GAF team is heading up west to the ENJMIN, for a course dedicated to sound engines and audio programming in the video game field.
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News (Org.)
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Copyright ©2010. The Associated Press. Produced by NewsOK.com All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.
Author opens door to his family's Oklahoma past
At the heart of Michael S. Malone's new nonfiction book is a tiny chamber clawed out of the earth more than 100 years ago, a cave that still exists in the riverbed near his great-grandfather's Oklahoma homestead.
That cave captivated Malone on his only visit to the farm as a child. The property already had passed out of his family's hands, and while the old house and towering barn held little interest for him, the cave was so outside his range of experiences that it shocked him, seared into him, held him fast.
“It impressed me not because of the extraordinary emotional resonance it carried for everyone else in the Hasbrook family — I knew little about that, other than the extraordinary fact that my grandmother had been a baby there — but for the sheer oddness of the place,” Malone wrote. “It was just a door, flanked by stacked river rocks, in the creek bank. I not only had never seen anything like it, I didn't even know such places existed. It was like something out of a musty old fairy tale — and when my father managed to yank the creaky door open, exposing the arched vault and boxes of root vegetables inside, it was as if I was looking into the center of the earth.”
In truth, he was looking into his family's past.
“Charlie's Place: The Saga of an American Frontier Homestead” gallops across America and through four or five generations, ranging from Oregon to Virginia to California. But its heart is that cave, dug by Malone's great-grandfather, Charlie Hasbrook, in the ground near Enid.
Malone's book is part adventure story, part true crime and part memoir — all told with Malone's usual skill. A lauded journalist, Malone has authored about 15 books. He was the first tech reporter for the San Jose Mercury News, putting him in an ideal position to cover Silicon Valley and the rise and inevitable bursting of the dot.com bubble. His work has appeared in The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal. He helped found “Fast Company” and “Wired” magazines and headed up the now defunct digital economy magazine, “Forbes ASAP.”
“Charlie's Place” tells about Hasbrook's journey to the territories and his participation in the Land Run. Hasbrook held onto his claim with tenacity, digging the cave out of the creek bed, lining it with muslin and eking out an existence with his family in conditions few of us could imagine today.
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I'm Michael. I have done a lot of stuff in a variety of areas. I have finished a degree for example (and am currently working on a second). This website presents some interesting things that I've done.
If you are interested in employing me, email me with details, and ask for a copy of my CV. At the moment I am currently .
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Education & Jobs
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About (Pers.)
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Barbara Gordon Batgirl - 344
This is actually for the same guy that got the Huntress sketch from me at Project Comic Con. I had meant to do a Barbara Gordon sketch during my Batman week waaaaaay back in Oct. but couldnt get around to it. He requested one from back then and I'm just now getting around to it...Pretty par for the course for me lately. oy.
For Questions and Comments email me at
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Sen. Robert Byrd of West Virginia dead at 92WASHINGTON (AP) — Robert C. Byrd, the longest serving member of the U.S. Senate, a fiery orator and hard-charging power broker who steered billions of federal dollars to his beloved West Virginia, died Monday. He was 92.
WASHINGTON (AP) — Robert C. Byrd, the longest serving member of the U.S. Senate, a fiery orator and hard-charging power broker who steered billions of federal dollars to his beloved West Virginia, died Monday. He was 92.
A spokesman for the family, Jesse Jacobs, said that Byrd died peacefully at about 3 a.m. at Inova Hospital in Fairfax, Va. He had been in the hospital since late last week.
At first Byrd was believed to be suffering from heat exhaustion and severe dehydration, but other medical conditions developed. He had been in frail health for several years.
A man of humble, Depression-era upbringing, Byrd held his seat for over 50 years, working tirelessly all that time to make sure his state never missed out on its share — or even more, in some cases — of the federal largesse. He was the Senate’s majority leader for six of those years and was third in the line of succession to the presidency, behind House Speaker Nancy Pelosi.
Flags at the Capitol and the White House flew at half-staff Monday as Washington mourned Byrd’s passing. Byrd’s desk in Senate chamber was draped in black.
Sen. Jay Rockefeller, a fellow West Virginian in the Senate, said it was his “greatest privilege” to serve with Byrd.
“I looked up to him, I fought next to him, and I am deeply saddened that he is gone,” Rockefeller said.
The Senate Republican leader, Mitch McConnell of Kentucky, said Byrd “combined a devotion to the U.S. Constitution with a deep learning of history to defend the interests of his state and the traditions of the Senate.”
“We will remember him for his fighter’s spirit, his abiding faith, and for the many times he recalled the Senate to its purposes,” McConnell said.
Former President Jimmy Carter said Byrd “was my closest and most valuable adviser” during his presidency, when Byrd served as Senate majority leader. Byrd was skilled “in using arcane Senate rules to achieve his goals, and was proud of his ability to count votes and forge prevailing coalitions,” Carter said in a statement.
West Virginia Gov. Joe Manchin, a Democrat, will appoint Byrd’s replacement. For a declared vacancy more than two years and six months before the expiration of a senator’s term — Byrd’s term was to end Jan. 3, 2013 — the appointee serves until an election is held to fill the rest of the term.
Manchin issued a statement Monday saying Byrd “was a fearless fighter for the Constitution, his beloved state and its great people.” He told The Associated Press that he will not appoint himself to fill the seat, and had no timetable for naming a replacement.
Byrd’s death followed less than a year after the passing of venerable Sen. Edward M. Kennedy, a nationally recognizable figure who had been a most vociferous spokesman for liberal causes for years.
In comportment and style, Byrd often seemed a Senate throwback to a courtlier 19th century. He could recite poetry, quote the Bible, discuss the Constitutional Convention and detail the Peloponnesian Wars — and frequently did in Senate debates.
Yet there was nothing particularly courtly about Byrd’s pursuit or exercise of power.
Byrd was a master of the Senate’s bewildering rules and longtime chairman of the Senate Appropriations Committee, which controls a third of the $3 trillion federal budget. He was willing to use both to reward friends and punish those he viewed as having slighted him.
“Bob is a living encyclopedia, and legislative graveyards are filled with the bones of those who underestimated him,” former House Speaker Jim Wright, D-Texas, once said in remarks Byrd later displayed in his office.
In 1971, Byrd ousted Kennedy, the Massachusetts senator, as the Democrats’ second in command. He was elected majority leader in 1976 and held the post until Democrats lost control of the Senate four years later. He remained his party’s leader through six years in the minority, then spent another two years as majority leader.
Byrd stepped aside as majority leader in 1989 when Democrats sought a more contemporary television spokesman. “I ran the Senate like a stern parent,” Byrd wrote in his memoir, “Child of the Appalachian Coalfields.” His consolation price was the chairmanship of the Appropriations Committee, with control over almost limitless federal spending.
Within two years, he surpassed his announced five-year goal of making sure more than $1 billion in federal funds was sent back to West Virginia, money used to build highways, bridges, buildings and other facilities, some named after him.
In 2006 and with 64 percent of the vote, Byrd won an unprecedented ninth term in the Senate just months after surpassing South Carolinian Strom Thurmond’s record as its longest-serving member. His more than 18,500 roll call votes were another record.
But Byrd also seemed to slow after the death of Erma, his wife of almost 69 years, in 2006. Frail and at times wistful, he used two canes to walk haltingly and needed help from aides to make his way about the Senate. He often hesitated at unscripted moments. By 2009, aides were bringing him to and from the Senate floor in a wheelchair.
Though his hands trembled in later years, Byrd only recently lost his grip on power. Last November he surrendered his chairmanship of the Appropriations Committee.
Byrd’s lodestar was protecting the Constitution. He frequently pulled out a dog-eared copy of it from a pocket in one of his trademark three-piece suits. He also defended the Senate in its age-old rivalry with the executive branch, no matter which party held the White House.
Unlike other prominent Senate Democrats such as 2004 presidential nominee John Kerry of Massachusetts, who voted to authorize the war in Iraq, Byrd stood firm in opposition — and felt gratified when public opinion swung behind him.
“The people are becoming more and more aware that we were hoodwinked, that the leaders of this country misrepresented or exaggerated the necessity for invading Iraq,” Byrd said.
He cited Iraq when he endorsed then-Sen. Barack Obama for the Democratic presidential nomination in May 2008, calling Obama “a shining young statesman, who possesses the personal temperament and courage necessary to extricate our country from this costly misadventure.”
Byrd’s accomplishments followed a childhood of poverty in West Virginia, and his success on the national stage came despite a complicated history on racial matters. As a young man, he was a member of the Ku Klux Klan for a brief period, and he joined Southern Democrats in an unsuccessful filibuster against the landmark 1964 Civil Rights Act.
He later apologized for both actions, saying intolerance has no place in America. While supporting later civil rights bills, he opposed busing to integrate schools.
Byrd briefly sought the Democratic presidential nomination in 1976 and later told associates he had once been approached by President Richard M. Nixon, a Republican, about accepting an appointment to the Supreme Court.
But he was a creature — and defender — of Congress across a career that began in 1952 with his election to the House. He served three terms there before winning his Senate seat in 1958, when Dwight D. Eisenhower was in the White House.
He clashed with presidents in both parties and was implacably against proposed balanced budget amendments to the Constitution.
“He is a fierce defender of the Senate and its prerogatives in ways that I think the founding fathers really intended the Senate to be,” said one-time rival Kennedy.
In a measure of his tenacity, Byrd took a decade of night courses to earn a law degree in 1963, and completed his long-delayed bachelor’s degree at West Virginia’s Marshall University in 1994 with correspondence classes.
Byrd was a near-deity in economically struggling West Virginia, to which he delivered countless federally financed projects. Entire government bureaus opened there, including the FBI’s repository for computerized fingerprint records. Even the Coast Guard had a facility in the landlocked state. Critics portrayed him as the personification of Congress’ thirst for wasteful “pork” spending projects.
Robert Carlyle Byrd was born Nov. 20, 1917, in North Wilkesboro, N.C., as Cornelius Calvin Sale Jr., the youngest of five children.
Before he was 1, his mother died and his father sent him to live with an aunt and uncle, Vlurma and Titus Byrd, who renamed him and moved to the coal-mining town of Stotesbury, W.Va. He didn’t learn his original name until he was 16 and his real birthday until he was 54.
Byrd’s foster father was a miner who frequently changed jobs, and Byrd recalled that the family’s house was “without electricity, ... no running water, no telephone, a little wooden outhouse.”
He graduated from high school but could not afford college. Married in 1936 to high school sweetheart Erma Ora James — with whom he had two daughters — he pumped gas, cut meat and during World War II was a shipyard welder.
Returning to meat cutting in West Virginia, he became popular for his fundamentalist Bible lectures. A grand dragon of the Ku Klux Klan suggested he run for office.
He won his first race — for the state’s House of Delegates — in 1946, distinguishing himself from 12 rivals by singing and fiddling mountain tunes. His fiddle became a fixture; he later played it on the television show “Hee Haw” and recorded an album. He abandoned it only after a grandson’s traumatic death in 1982 and when his shaky hands left him unable to play.
At his 90th birthday party in 2007, however, Byrd joined bluegrass band Lonesome Highway in singing a few tunes and topped off the night with a rendition of “Old Joe Clark.”
After six years in the West Virginia legislature, Byrd was elected to the U.S. House in 1952 in a race in which his brief Klan membership became an issue. He said he joined because of its anti-communism.
Byrd entered Congress as one of its most conservative Democrats. He was an early supporter of the Vietnam War, and his 14-hour, 13-minute filibuster against the 1964 civil rights bill remains one of the longest ever. His views gradually moderated, particularly on economic issues, but he always sided with his state’s coal interests in confrontations with environmentalists.
His love of Senate traditions inspired him to write a four-volume history of the chamber. It also led him to oppose laptops on the Senate floor and to object when a blind aide tried bringing her seeing-eye dog into the chamber.
In 2004, Byrd got Congress to require schools and colleges to teach about the Constitution every Sept. 17, the day the document was adopted in 1787.
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http://www.mitchellrepublic.com/event/article/id/44246/
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2013-05-19T02:17:11Z
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Politics
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News Article
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- Science and Technology
- The GLOBE Program, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) and Colorado State University
- Globe Program
The purpose of this resource is to introduce what a catchment basin is and how it works. Students will make a 3-dimensional model of a catchment basin to understand how water moves through the basin and explore how water is affected when there are changes in the basin.
- Course Type:
- Learning Module
- Material Type:
- Activities and Labs, Homework and Assignments, Lesson Plans, Teaching and Learning Strategies
- Media Format:
- Downloadable docs
- Conditions of Use:
The User is granted the right to use this Site and its Materials for non-commercial, non-profit research, or educational purposes only, without any fee or cost. This includes the rights to access, link to, create derivative works, publish, distribute, disseminate, transfer, modify, copy, edit, and digitize the Materials contained in this Site for non-commercial, non-profit research, or educational purposes only.
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http://www.oercommons.org/courses/model-a-catchment-basin
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2013-05-19T02:15:54Z
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| 0.878104 | 223 |
Science & Tech.
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Product Page
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Shick came to Pittsburgh a few months earlier as a graduate biology student at Duquesne University, before he was banned from that campus for harassing female students and withdrew from school. In the months before the shooting, Shick contacted UPMC doctors -- including some through its Resolve Crisis Network, a mobile mental health service -- about "a whole litany of maladies."
Investigators believe Shick wasn't physically ill, but nonetheless believed UPMC doctors at other facilities had misdiagnosed him and may have shot up the clinic in anger over those perceived wrongs. One physician recommended Shick be involuntarily committed to a mental facility in late February, but that didn't happen.
Zappala said Shick had been similarly committed at least twice in New York City, where he had previously been educated, and in Portland, Oregon, after fighting with police at an airport there in 2009. Had Shick been committed, and forced to take medicines to treat his mental problems in Pittsburgh, too, the shooting might have been avoided, Zappala said.
The prosecutor noted that Shick's mental commitment records weren't accessible under a nationwide law enforcement database, which is why Shick was able to buy the two guns he used in the clinic shooting in New Mexico.
Zappala said he's working with the county sheriff and law enforcement agencies in other jurisdictions to improve the sharing of such information to ensure guns can't be purchased by people who have been involuntarily committed. He's also investigating whether the county's Office of Behavioral Health may have prevented a warrant to involuntarily commit Shick from being issued after one doctor raised red flags in February.
Zappala said the quick response by campus police limited the carnage, but said better planning on several fronts might have prevented the shooting altogether.
"We were lucky that day," Zappala said. "But I'd rather effectuate plans that make a lot of sense to everybody than to be lucky again."
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http://www.wtae.com/news/local/allegheny/District-attorney-reveals-security-findings-in-Western-Psych-shooting/-/10927008/16815588/-/item/1/-/aw3dq9z/-/index.html
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2013-05-19T02:18:41Z
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| 0.984571 | 399 |
Crime & Law
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News Article
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Track my order(s)
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Type the characters you see in the picture below.
Number 7 Paper Back
Wisconsin Red and White State Strip
Patrol Leader Patch 1960s Rough Twill Gum Back
Number 4 Paper Back
Enter your email address to receive special offers and promotions.
Find us on Facebook Follow us on Twitter
© 1999-2013 Boy Scout Store. Boy Scout Store
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http://boyscoutstore.com/chicago-area-council-red-and-white.html
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2013-05-22T00:41:44Z
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| 0.768544 | 83 |
Fashion & Beauty
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Product Page
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“It will take more than Bruce Willis to save the Earth from a giant doomsday asteroid, according to scientists.“
Someone did tell them Armageddon was just a movie, right?
Like The Day After Tomorrow, War of the Worlds, An Inconvenient Truth, Them, The Blob, Gasland and Alien versus Predator, these are all just works of fiction, simple fantasy and escapism to be enjoyed with popcorn. You are not really supposed to believe William Shatner captained a spaceship or that Bruce Willis blows up asteroids when not hitting golf balls at greenpeace (actually the golf ball thing is appealing enough to be plausible).
In the 1998 movie Armageddon, Willis plays an oil-drilling engineer who heads a mission to split an asteroid the size of Texas in half with a nuclear bomb.
The two halves of the space rock pass either side of the Earth, saving the human race from annihilation.
But in reality, such a strategy would just not work, a study has shown.
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2013-05-22T00:34:44Z
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Science & Tech.
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News Article
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Politics & Culture
Top 10 Articles
New Yorkers Shrug
May 31, 2012
Over the past decade New York State has lost 3.4 million residents, with incomes totaling $119 billion, according to the Tax Foundation. This loss more than offsets the 2.1 million who moved into the state between 2000 and 2009.
A chief reason for fleeing is high taxes. For decades the Empire State has usually ranked Number One in the amount it extracts from its own citizens. So it’s no surprise that it now ranks Number One in the number of citizens extracting themselves from their roles as cash cows for spendaholic politicians.
It also is no surprise that in 2009 "Cost of Government Day"—the date to which citizens must work to foot the bill for state as well federal expenditures—for New Yorkers was August 31. Only citizens of California and New Jersey had to work longer to slake the thirst of elected officials for the fruits of their labor.
Those who leave high-tax states like New York for lower-tax states are refugees fleeing an army of despoilers in America’s current civil war between the producers and expropriators. As the burden on those remaining in such states increases, pressures build for more to shrug or for political change. In New Jersey in 2009 Chris Christie was elected governor promising to cut spending and taxes. And he did!
When will such change occur in places like New York or California is hard to say. But in the meantime the population of such states will change as people move to where they’re not punished with high taxes and strangling regulations for the virtue of being productive.
Hudgins is director of advocacy at The Atlas Society.
For further reading:
*Edward Hudgins, "Producers vs. Expropriators: America’s Coming Civil War?" April 13, 2010.
*Edward Hudgins, "Protest of the Producers." September 20, 2009.
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| 0.954176 | 398 |
Politics
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Nonfiction Writing
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SPS partners with the Liberal Studies & Credentialing Department to offer a Post-Baccalaureate Teacher Credential Program on both our Rocklin and San Jose Campuses. This one year, one evening a week program quickly covers 37 units of teaching preparation courses, everything necessary to be recommended for a California Preliminary Multiple Subject Teaching Credential (K-8 education). It is designed for working adults and non-credentialed teachers to complete in 12 months and become eligible for teaching employment. Built around a cohort model, candidates in the program quickly bond and grow as they learn together. The cost and time to complete compares very favorably with other credential programs.
For questions about the Rocklin Post-Baccalaureate Teacher Credential Program,
contact Irene, email@example.com - 916.577.2282
For questions about the San Jose Post-Baccalaureate Teacher Credential Program,
contact David, firstname.lastname@example.org - 408.278.4343
The program is approved by the California Commission on Teacher Credentialing (CCTC)..
- 1 Year to complete
- 1 Evening per week
- 2 Seven-week student teaching placements
- 37 Unit program total
2012 Summer | Cohort Calendar (both campuses)
2012 Fall | Cohort Calendar (both campuses)
2013 Spring | Cohort Calendar (both campuses)
2013 Summer | Cohort Calendar (both campuses)
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http://www.jessup.edu/sps/program/teacher-credential-program/
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2013-05-22T00:36:39Z
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| 0.867681 | 311 |
Education & Jobs
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Product Page
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Photos and VideosMore Photos and Videos
FILE - In this Monday, April 11, 2011 file photo, U.S. envoy Chris Stevens speaks to local media at the Tibesty Hotel where an African Union delegation was meeting with opposition leaders in Benghazi, Libya. Libyan officials say the U.S. ambassador and three other Americans have been killed in an attack on the U.S. consulate in the eastern city of Benghazi by protesters angry over a film that ridiculed Islam's Prophet Muhammad. The officials say Ambassador Chris Stevens was killed Tuesday night when he and a group of embassy employees went to the consulate to try to evacuate staff. The protesters were firing gunshots and rocket propelled grenades.(AP Photo/Ben Curtis, File)
In the wake of the deaths of a U.S. ambassador and three other American foreign service workers in Libya, the governor has directed that flags be flown at half-staff and local officials are condemning the attacks.
Ambassador Chris Stevens, 52, was killed when he and a group of embassy workers tried to evacuate staff under attack by a mob angered by an anti-Islam video reportedly made by an American.
An information management officer named Sean Smith, a married father of two young children, was also killed. The names of the other victims have not been released.
“Our prayers and deepest sympathies are with the families, friends and colleagues of Ambassador Stevens and the American personnel who were killed in this brutal attack,” Gov. Dannel Malloy said in a statement. “We know that the work to build nations and strengthen our global relationships is difficult and dangerous, and we are cognizant of just how many Americans undertake these efforts in embassies and consulates across the world. We stand with the President and the rest of the country in condemning the perpetrators of this attack.”
Lt. Gov. Nancy Wyman:
“The attacks in Libya are a terrible reminder of the dangers that American personnel continue to face in some of the more troubled parts of the world,” said Lieutenant Governor Wyman. “Ambassador Stevens and the rest of the embassy staff served our country with honor and dignity. Our hearts go out to everyone who is grieving their loss today.”
U.S. Rep. Rosa DeLauro
“I am deeply saddened by the tragic deaths of our Ambassador to Libya, Christopher Stevens, Foreign Service Information Management Officer Sean Smith, and two other Americans in the horrific attack on the U.S. Consulate in Benghazi. My thoughts and prayers go out to their families during this difficult time,” U.S. Rep. Rosa DeLauro said in a statement. “I condemn those that committed this deplorable act of violence and support efforts to further ensure our diplomatic personnel in Libya, Egypt and around the world are protected.”
She said the four Americans made the ultimate sacrifice while working to secure a better future for the Libyan people.
“We owe them, as well as all Americans serving tirelessly around the world on behalf of our country, our deepest gratitude,” DeLauro said.
U.S. Rep Jim Himes:
“I am shocked and deeply saddened by the attack on our embassy in Libya, which took four innocent lives yesterday. We owe so much to our diplomats, who put their lives on the line every day in far corners of the Earth to represent America’s commitment to democracy, freedom, and cooperation abroad. Ambassador Stevens was instrumental in representing U.S. interests in Libya during tumultuous times, supporting the nation’s transition to democracy and adding a human touch to international relations.
My heart goes out to the families of those we lost yesterday. And though I am outraged that representatives of our peaceful mission would be attacked and killed, I remain committed to seeing a Libya that embraces democracy and freedom for all its people. The best thing we can do to ensure those four diplomats did not die in vain is to continue their mission of promoting and embracing a democratic Libya. Though they are no longer with us, may they live on through a legacy of peace, freedom, and justice in North Africa. I will work hard to make sure that the terrorists are brought to justice and that Libya understands that we expect their full cooperation.”
U.S. Rep. Chris Murphy
U.S. Rep. Chris Murphy released a statement saying he condemns “in the strongest terms” the attack on American diplomats in Benghazi.
“Ambassador Stevens, a former Peace Corps volunteer, was dedicated to helping the Libyan people build a better, more democratic future. Attacks on our diplomats cannot be tolerated and those responsible should immediately be brought to justice,” Murphy.
|
<urn:uuid:fac0eaf4-d22b-4b5b-80e0-191cf8b7fd27>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://www.nbcconnecticut.com/news/local/Local-Officials-React-to-American-Deaths-in-Libya-169486646.html
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2013-05-22T00:44:03Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700958435/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516104238-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.961843 | 959 |
Politics
|
News Article
|
Borrowers of OH funds will be required to meet a number of due diligence and other requirements prior to closing on the OH loan. For specific requirements for each OH-funded project, please refer to the Reservation Letter and contact the OH project manager assigned to the project.
On typical projects, OH will require borrowers to document before loan closing that the project has:
- obtained NEPA Environmental Clearance (if project is federally funded)
- obtained other financing sources acceptable to OH
- obtained appropriate insurance for the project (see below)
- received building permits
- competitively selected contractor using an OH-approved process
- signed a construction contract with a type and delivery method acceptable to OH
- complied with the pre-construction procedural requirements of the Multifamily Rental Housing Program Residential Prevailing Wage Rate Policy
- successfully incorporated Evergreen Sustainability Development Standards into design documents (see OH’s Evergreen Compliance Procedures)
- satisfied recommendations noted in Project Evaluation Report
- met all other funding conditions as specified in the Reservation Letter
For detailed insurance requirements, contact the OH project manager assigned to the project.
The Housing Levy A&F Plan requires that borrowers competitively select contractors. Competitive contractor selection requirements will be published in each NOFA.
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<urn:uuid:bf7554d3-0009-47c3-b278-7b97cfc7f636>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://www.seattle.gov/housing/development/pre-closing.htm
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2013-05-22T00:36:11Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700958435/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516104238-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.899922 | 260 |
Finance & Business
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Customer Support
|
NEWS from BoatUS
Boat Owners Association of The United States
880 S. Pickett St., Alexandria, VA 22304
BoatUS Press Room at www.BoatUS.com
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Press Contact: D. Scott Croft, 703-461-2864, SCroft@BoatUS.com
BoatUS Members Favor Mandatory Education
In the wake of the US Coast Guard’s interest in federally-mandated boater education, Boat Owners Association of The United States recently conducted an online survey to gauge member opinion on this issue as well as to determine whether boaters should be required to carry a separate ID card/license for national security purposes.
Based on the first 25,000 responding, 61% favored mandatory education for all boaters as long as an exam substitute was an option. An additional 9% were even more strongly in favor saying that no exam substitute should be allowed. The survey was sent to 325,000 of the Association’s 650,000 members for whom it has an e-mail address.
“The bottom line is that BoatUS members believe that recreational boaters should complete some type of instruction, be tested and certified to ensure that they have the knowledge to properly operate a boat,” said BoatUS President Nancy Michelman.
On the issue of being required to carry an ID card, while 75% had no problem with being asked to produce a state driver’s license or passport if requested by law enforcement, over half disagreed with being required to carry a separate boater ID card/license.
“It is fair to say that boaters want to be treated no differently than any motorist or aircraft passenger required to produce a current photo ID,” noted Michelman.
Survey results indicate that BoatUS members have a considerable amount of boating experience. Most have been boating for more than 20 years. 68% percent had taken a boating safety course taught in a classroom, 19% had taken a safety class on the water, 19% had taken a class at home and 19% had taken a course online. “Based on these results it is clear to us that we need a diversity of boating safety course formats,” said Michelman.
BoatUS – Boat Owners Association of The United States – is the nation’s leading advocate for recreational boaters providing its 650,000 members with a wide array of consumer services including a group-rate marine insurance program that insures nearly a quarter million boats; the largest fleet of more than 500 towing assistance vessels; discounts on fuel, slips, and repairs at over 870 Cooperating Marinas; boat financing; and a subscription to BoatUS Magazine, the most widely read boating publication in the US. For membership information visit http://www.BoatUS.com or call 800-395-2628.
|
<urn:uuid:1c910751-2739-477f-9301-32dd74c8a87b>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://boatus.com/pressroom/release.asp?id=41
|
2013-05-24T08:29:46Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.954946 | 596 |
Transportation
|
News (Org.)
|
... to the website of Princeton’s Graduate Student Government (GSG)!
Founded in 1989, the GSG’s mission is to advocate for the interests of graduate students at Princeton, to provide a forum for free and open discussion of matters affecting graduate students, and to provide financial and organizational support for social events that involve graduate students.
The GSG is composed of an Executive Committee with six Officers and three Committee Chairs, and an Assembly of representatives from each graduate Department. To learn more about our organization, click the About tab.
For useful information about Healthcare, Housing, Graduation, and more, click the Information tab.
Interested in getting involved? Click the Getting Involved tab, email email@example.com, or attend any of our monthly Assembly meetings, which are held at 5:45 p.m. in Room 102 of Jadwin Hall on the second Wednesday of each month.
To learn about GSG social events or to request GSG funding for your event, click the Events tab.
|
<urn:uuid:010df5df-7fba-4da5-8924-f58695f27eea>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://gsg.princeton.edu/
|
2013-05-24T08:46:31Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.926858 | 214 |
Education & Jobs
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About (Org.)
|
Those Exhilarating Roller Skates
Joseph W. Wayne, Cincinnati, OH. Plimpton's Patent Roller Skates, circa 1879, Plimpton's Patent Roller Skates.
To celebrate National Roller Skating Week, we are featuring trade literature advertising Plimpton's Patent Roller Skates.
Patented on January 6, 1863 and June 26, 1866, Plimpton's Patent Roller Skates were advertised as "the only one upon which all the graceful movements and evolutions of Ice Skating can be executed with ease and precision on a Smooth Floor."
Because Plimpton's Patent Roller Skates provided the rink customer with exercise that was "so exhilarating ... amusement so fascinating ... " rink owners could also be pleased with their investment in the skates. Plimpton's Patent Roller Skates were priced at $4 per pair when bought in groups of 25 pairs or more, and according to this trade literature, by charging a price for the rental of the skates at the rink, the cost of buying the skates "will generally be returned within the first month."
Rink owners were more than satisfied with the use of Plimpton's Patent Roller Skates. A letter dated November 6, 1870 written by J. S. Elliot & Co. in Hopkinsville, Kentucky reads, "Our Rink is a complete success. Has succeeded beyond our expectations." On January 23, 1869, the Indianapolis Rink Association President, E. S. Alvord, writes, "We will state that at this place it has proved a success and a good pecuniary investment." He goes on to say, "The patrons of the Rink very generally prefer the Rollers to Ice Skating, and we have no doubt it will pay the stockholders a larger dividend, and give greater satisfaction to its patrons."
Plimpton's Patent Roller Skates, trade literature by Joseph W. Wayne of Cincinnati, Ohio, is located in the Trade Literature Collection at the National Museum of American History Library. For more images of trade literature in the Libraries' collection, check out the Galaxy of Images. —Alexia MacClain
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<urn:uuid:ee3f1df0-760c-4434-9e16-53940f09a31c>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://smithsonianlibraries.si.edu/smithsonianlibraries/2010/09/those-exhilarating-roller-skates.html
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2013-05-24T08:37:21Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.948001 | 440 |
History
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Knowledge Article
|
- You are here:
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The Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) makes every effort to ensure that the information published on this website is accurate. However the FCO cannot accept any liability for the accuracy of information published by the author. Visitors who rely on this information do so at their own risk.
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The FCO makes every effort to check and test material at all stages of production. It is always wise for users to run an anti virus program on all material downloaded from the Internet.
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|
<urn:uuid:5c00d9f8-3075-4d59-8921-2cc18dab4be5>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20110905032812/http:/blogs.fco.gov.uk/roller/fcoblogs/page/terms
|
2013-05-24T08:59:14Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.919836 | 1,015 |
Crime & Law
|
Legal Notices
|
The reason I'm looking around is that there's all these ways to distribute webcomics beyond the traditional web:
- Printed books
- Mobile web sites
- PDFs, EPUBs and .mobi files for Kindles, iPads and other tablet\e-reader devices
- iBooks interactive books
- Mobile apps
We have the first two covered.
A lot of people have asked if we have a PDF or Kindle version of the first book coming out, and I've been considering the options. We need to be on e-ink Kindles and Nooks, so I need to tune a PDF to the Kindle display. I plan on doing this when mine finally arrives. We would sell the PDF download of Volume One on the store, along with a colour version for the Kindle Fire and iPad.
The iBooks interactive books don't seem very compelling to me unless you write a webcomic specifically for the format. So we'll skip those.
Finally, the idea of making an app is interesting to me personally, and might be a good way to either promote the comic or make a small amount of money. I don't know how to make one, but it looks like you can hire people to do it for a thousand dollars or so. Considering so many of our site visitors are on iOS, here's the idea:
A Bittersweet Candy Bowl app for iPhone, iPod touch and iPad. If it wasn't free, it'd cost $2.99, $4.99 or $9.99. You'd download it because it offers:
- Access to the full archives of the site in an optimised UI that's easy to browse around
- Automatic tracking of archive binges, where it remembers your place, syncs between all iOS devices that use the app, and offers some cute stats
- Push notifications when a new page goes up
- A simple Candybooru viewer
- Built-in exclusive wallpaper
- A bonus one-off app-only chapter? (I dunno)
Here's the mockup:
Here's a pretty complete specification document I wrote for it.
I don't know if this is compelling, though. Fundamentally, the app would be more of an optimised website viewer than it would be an ebook, and even though that means you get more than a Volume One PDF, I think the perceived value would be lower. So it might be worth giving it out for free, as the bullet list above might not be so compelling.
However, I feel that the perceived value would be higher if the app included the pages and didn't stream them from the site. It'd mean the app would be about 400mb in size, but maybe people would pay $4.99 or $9.99 for it? Free app, $4.99 in-app purchase to download the pages into the cache?
So I guess I'm interested in whether this seems like a compelling app or a useless frivolity, especially to those of you who are interested in a PDF version and would compare it to that. Again, if we did sell a PDF of Volume One, what should it cost? And if we did an app, how would it be priced?
|
<urn:uuid:c1448132-16c7-4fcc-bdd8-02ffec59a51d>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://www.bittersweetcandybowl.com/forum/topic/2579-bcb-ebooks-pdfs-and-iphone-apps/page__pid__315282
|
2013-05-24T08:30:22Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.958213 | 660 |
Software
|
Comment Section
|
The California Highway Patrol says two children are among the dead from the accident Saturday evening on Highway 50 near Placerville.
The Sacramento Bee quotes the patrol as saying a westbound Toyota Prius veered into the path of a minivan and the vehicles collided head-on.
Patrol Sgt. Gilbert Lee says a 4-year-old in the minivan and a child in the Prius died as did the Prius' driver and another adult in the car.
Lee says four others in the minivan, including 1-year-old twins, survived as did a 10-year-old child in the Prius.
The five were rushed to area hospitals, but there was no word on their conditions.
No names were immediately available.
|
<urn:uuid:fd981d6e-268e-45da-ac9e-8074c913dd09>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://www.dailydemocrat.com/rss/ci_22061920?source=rss
|
2013-05-24T08:30:10Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.986978 | 154 |
Transportation
|
News Article
|
Last of three parts
Most people think that if you drink and drive, and you wear the blue, you’ll lose your job and your career if you’re caught.
The truth is more complex: Dallas takes a hard line, firing officers convicted of drunken driving. Other departments, such as Houston and Austin, offer last-chance mechanisms for first-time offenders to stay on the force.
In addition, the state’s licensing board for law enforcement has a hearing process that over the last six years has allowed at least 30 officers who committed misdemeanor offenses, including alcohol-related crimes, to retain their peace officer licenses and continue working.
But recent changes at the state level are likely to make it much more difficult for officers to keep their jobs when they are caught drinking and driving, or committing other misdemeanors.
In December, the Texas Commission on Law Enforcement Officer Standards and Education, or TCLEOSE, revised its policy so that no officer can get full probation of a license suspension for a misdemeanor. Instead, such officers must lose their licenses for some period.
Loss of a peace officer’s license for any period may mean an officer’s career ends. Departments find it difficult to leave a job open for someone who can’t carry a gun and a badge.
“We’re trying to ensure that officers are held accountable for their actions and to live up to the responsibilities of our mission statement, where we ensure that the public is served by ethical and well-trained officers,” said Kim Vickers, the commission’s executive director.
A second chance
The city of Austin gives some officers accused of drunken driving a second chance if the incident didn’t involve an injury or serious property damage. Typically, the department suspends officers for 30 to 45 days.
The department requires those officers to undergo an evaluation, get counseling and treatment and participate in a peer support program.
“We’ve always tried to have a humanistic view, especially if nobody’s been hurt,” said Austin Police Chief Art Acevedo. “We invest a lot of time and money in our employees. … We can try to save them. But they’re not going to get a second bite at the apple.”
Houston also offers officers a second chance, so long as certain criteria are met and the officers accept counseling.
“The idea is at least for that offense … to try to figure out a way to get the officer some help,” said Executive Assistant Chief Michael Dirden, who oversees the department’s internal affairs division.
Dirden said the state has tried to “enforce our way” out of the drinking and driving problem, “and it just hasn’t helped.”
But TCLEOSE ultimately holds the power to decide whether a person remains a sworn peace officer.
Faron Graeter defused bombs for a living for the Harris County Sheriff’s Department. After a 2005 drunken-driving arrest and subsequent conviction, he was fired.
TCLEOSE could have suspended his license for 10 years. But through a little-used hearing process, Graeter kept his right to stay in law enforcement. He won his civil service appeal and could have gone back to work in Harris County but is now a full-time firefighter and reserve officer for a small southeast Texas community.
“Everybody makes mistakes,” said Graeter. “A regular person isn’t automatically fired from their job. There has to be a middle ground.”
Officers convicted of felonies automatically lose their peace officer licenses. But for Class A and B misdemeanors, including most DWIs, officers can go through the hearing process in an attempt to save their careers.
Many simply surrender their licenses or allow them to lapse. A small number fight.
Out of 70 cases since 2006 in which a hearing was sought through the State Office of Administrative Hearings, about 30 officers received full probation of their suspensions, meaning they never had a day when they couldn’t legally work as a peace officer.
Administrative law judges conduct hearings and then make recommendations. Recently, TCLEOSE has become much more likely to bypass those recommendations and mete out harsher sanctions.
Since 2006, about 15 officers convicted of DWI have succeeded in getting full probation of their suspensions. About five officers prosecuted for reckless driving or obstructing a passageway — typically alcohol-related offenses — received full probation of their suspensions.
A few others convicted of DWI received “hard suspensions,” in which they lost their licenses for short periods, then were placed on probation for the remainder of their suspensions. Once on probation, an officer could return to work.
Occasionally, officers have been able to bypass the hearing process and receive probation of suspensions after reaching an agreement with the commission’s executive director. None of those were for DWI convictions. Those agreements still must be approved by the state commission.
None of the officers who received probation of their suspensions — for alcohol or other offenses — have reoffended, commission officials said.
Dallas’ hard line
Out of about 30 suspensions for which the commission granted full probation, more than half were for officers from Harris and surrounding counties.
“These usually are good officers who are out there doing a good day’s work, putting people in jail and solving crimes,” said Robert Armbruster, a Houston Police Officers’ Union attorney who frequently represents Houston-area officers in hearings before the commission.
Houston officers also represented about 40 percent of those who received full probation of suspensions on DWI convictions.
“If you’re a lawyer, you don’t lose your license if you get a DWI,” Armbruster said. “If you’re a judge, you don’t lose your ability to be on the bench if you get a DWI. How about doctors, the people cutting you open? Those people don’t lose their license if they have a DWI.”
Only a few North Texas officers received full probation of suspensions for any type of offense through the hearing process. Not one was a Dallas police officer, though one from the Dallas department got by with a reprimand on his license for an alcohol-related offense.
Dallas takes a hard line. At least 21 Dallas officers have been fired since 2006 over alcohol-related incidents. About six others resigned.
“The public expects us to be above reproach,” said Dallas Assistant Chief Floyd Simpson, who oversees the department’s administrative bureau. “How can you go out and enforce DWI laws when you got caught and convicted of basically the same thing?”
But Glenn White, president of Dallas’ largest police association for almost two decades until he recently stepped aside, believes the city is losing good officers.
“They need to come up with an alternative punishment,” White said. “They never capitalize on the people that realize they made a mistake.”
The TCLEOSE policy revisions that just took effect don’t alter much for departments that typically have zero tolerance policies. But the changes might make the state license hearing process less advantageous for officers working in departments with a more forgiving outlook.
In the past, when an officer received deferred adjudication probation for a Class A or B misdemeanor, his or her license could be suspended only for the period the officer was on probation. The new rules require that deferred adjudication probation be treated the same as a conviction, potentially forcing many more officers into the hearing process if they want to save their careers.
Administrative law judges also will no longer be able to recommend full probation of a license suspension. For Class B misdemeanors, which include most alcohol-related offenses, officers must lose their licenses for at least 30 days. They are to lose their licenses for at least 120 days for Class A misdemeanors.
Commission officials believe that the trend will be for the commission to frequently impose tougher sanctions than the judges recommend.
Departments won’t be required to fire officers during the time a license is suspended, but they must remove them as sworn peace officers.
Austin’s Acevedo said he probably would have to fire officers in such cases because he wouldn’t have the luxury of squirreling them away somewhere for months at a time.
“Unfortunately, we don’t have positions we can put them in,” said Acevedo, adding that his department would have to review the implications of the new rules. “There’s a good chance they will get fired and have to reapply for reinstatement.”
Houston officials said the new rules have no bearing on how they will proceed.
“The chief of police will make an independent decision and issue appropriate discipline based on the facts of each case,” Dirden said in an email. “Any requirements or penalties imposed by the state will be separate and distinct from action taken by the department.”
BY THE NUMBERS
Alcohol-related arrests and peace-officer license suspensions and revocations in Texas, 2006-11:
439: DWI arrests of peace officers reported to the Texas Commission on Law Enforcement Officer Standards and Education.
111: Officers whose peace officer licenses were suspended after they were convicted of DWI. Most did not appeal and were suspended for a mandatory 10-year period.
25: Officers whose licenses were suspended after they were convicted or received deferred adjudication probation for obstructing a roadway or reckless driving, often alcohol-related offenses.
7: Officers whose licenses were revoked after they were convicted of felony alcohol-related offenses, such as intoxication assault and intoxication manslaughter.
NOTE: Of the 439 officers arrested for DWI, some simply let their licenses lapse. Some surrendered their licenses in plea agreements. Some cases are still pending. The commission tracks surrenders but not the nature of the offenses that led to them.
Some officers opt to go through a hearing process if they commit a misdemeanor offense:
70: Number who went through the hearing process.
41: Number of those whose cases were probably alcohol-related (mostly DWIs).
30: Number who received full probation of their suspensions, for offenses including DWI, assault and theft. (They never had a day in which they weren’t legally allowed to work as a peace officer.)
15: Number who received full probation of suspensions for DWI convictions.
5: Number who received suspensions of nine months or less for DWI convictions.
|
<urn:uuid:9d3c057f-fb17-485a-9809-602cb4054d8b>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://www.dallasnews.com/news/crime/headlines/20120116-state-toughens-up-licensing-for-peace-officers-who-have-committed-misdemeanors-including-alcohol-offenses.ece
|
2013-05-24T09:00:06Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.974016 | 2,207 |
Crime & Law
|
News Article
|
Image Gallery → Dialogue with the Spirit World
Diviner's Bag (apo Ifa)
Cloth, glass beads, leather
Museum purchase, funds provided by the Caroline Julier and James G. Richardson Art Acquisition Fund
9 ¾ x 9 ¾ x 1 ½ in. (24.8 x 24.8 x 3.8 cm)
with strap: 19 ¾ x 9 ¾ x 1 ½ in. (50.2 x 24.8 x 3.8 cm)
Bags such as this would be used to carry a diviner's paraphernalia, such as palm nuts, diving chain and tapper. Beaded objects are generally the prerogative of royalty, and the importance of diviners as negotiators between the world of the living and the realm of the supernatural is underscored by their possession of beaded accoutrements. Certain colors and designs on beaded items reference Yoruba cosmology. The face is a symbol of the ancestors and recalls their sacred authority. The interlace pattern is a royal symbol that alludes to the role of Ifa. Triangles or zigzags reference the thunderbolts of the god Shango in red, and his wife Oya, in yellow. Blue and white are related to Orunmila, the god of wisdom, who is associated with divination.
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<urn:uuid:6216b3fc-631f-4984-b1d4-d67bf632fd8d>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://www.harn.ufl.edu/beadwork/gallery/pages/spiritWorld/divinersBag.php
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2013-05-24T09:03:26Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.92315 | 278 |
Religion
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Knowledge Article
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- September 16, 2006. MapBuilder, RealEstate MapBuilder have been up upgraded to v2 Google Map API. If you see any problems related to map building process feel free to send us feedback.
- September 16, 2006. Markers are draggable. Check them out!
Mapping made easy! MapBuilder lets you tag locations on a map and publish it on your own site.
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://www.mapbuilder.net/users/demouno/106978/tags/bar
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2013-05-24T08:36:26Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.906406 | 83 |
Software
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News (Org.)
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Concert: Paul Weller in Los Angeles
At the Greek Theatre on Friday night, Paul Weller opened with the Style Council's soft-rocking 1984 hit "My Ever Changing Moods," his biggest ever in the U.S. that stunningly only made it to No. 29. Nearly two hours later, he closed with "The Changingman," the Traffic-like rocker from his third solo album, 1995's "Stanley Road."
Perhaps no artist has more effectively summed up their career with the songs chosen to open and close a gig. Both tunes showcase the musical restlessness and adventurousness that has marked Weller's ever-changing musical output, which ranges from The Jam's three-chord, punk-era blasts to his latest experimental rock solo effort, "Sonik Kicks," and includes the Style Council's forays into R&B in between.
Backed by a crack five-piece band, Weller gave his loyal following a taste of each era from the nearly 40-year career that's made him a national hero in England, but has left him a cult artist in the U.S. He placated the crowd by offering some Jam songs, first with "Running on the Spot," and later with "Carnation," "Just Who is the 5 O'Clock Hero," and "Start!" Yet every time he played a Jam classic, he upped the intensity by following it with one of his newer solo tracks, as if to prove that he's still making music as vital. Following "Running on the Spot" came "Wake Up the Nation," a rollicking clarion call in which Weller ripped at his guitar, pumped his fist and bopped his head, spitting out lines like, "get your face off Facebook and turn off the phone." "Start!," The Jam track famous for lifting The Beatles "Taxman" bass riff, went up against "Kling I Klang," a furious slice of punky reggae from "Sonik Kicks."
Back when The Jam was flirting with U.S. success before Weller decided to pull the plug on the trio in 1982, they were often deemed "too English" to make it in America. The tag in some sense still applies to Weller, who acknowledged that his music doesn't always strike a chord in the U.S. when he introduced the Style Council's soul celebration "Shout to the Top," saying, "Here's one you might know," but adding it's tough to know what's popular in America.
Yet even with the less than familiar material, he offered rewards. "Moon on Your Pyjamas," a song Weller said he wrote for his then five-year-old son, may not be as iconic as John Lennon's "Beautiful Boy," but it has similar sweetness and warmth. The subtle soul of "Above the Clouds," a track from his 1992 self-titled solo debut, sounded like a lost Marvin Gaye classic.
By moving from electric to acoustic numbers, and even sitting down at the keyboard for several tunes, including the Style Council's "Long Hot Summer," Weller and company provided a nicely paced and varied set, with several high points. The Jam's epic "Strange Town" had the crowd shouting, "Break it up, break it up" in the song's anthemic climax, and the soul ballad "Broken Stones" had couples swaying in the aisles.
At 54, Weller is remarkably fit and still in strong voice. With Joe Strummer and the Ramones gone, he stands as one of the few survivors from the punk class of '77 that's still making vital music with his integrity intact, resisting the urge for a cash-in reunion. Weller didn't draw a sell-out crowd, but most of the people treated Weller like a returning hero and even stayed after the final encore, hoping the he'd play one more.
Sharon Jones & the Dap-Kings opened with a rousing 45-minute set that recalled a James Brown revue or perhaps an Ike & Tina Turner set, sans Ike.
My Ever Changing Moods (The Style Council)
Running on the Spot (The Jam)
Wake Up the Nation
That Dangerous Age
When Your Garden's Overgrown
Just Who Is the 5 O'Clock Hero? (The Jam)
The Cost of Loving (The Style Council)
Carnation (The Jam)
Foot of the Mountain
Long Hot Summer (The Style Council)
You Do Something to Me
Moon on Your Pyjamas
Above the Clouds
Start! (The Jam)
Kling I Klang
Shout to the Top! (The Style Council)
Strange Town (The Jam)
Up the Dosage
Around the Lake
|
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://www.soundspike.com/story/4849/concert-review-paul-weller-in-los-angeles/
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2013-05-24T08:29:54Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.972228 | 991 |
Entertainment
|
News Article
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|1.||Big Bear Lake|
The only good part of the 909. Great place to snowboard, ski, or just go out on the lake. Some parts can be kinda touristy though.
My family owned a cabin in Big Bear Lake when I was growing up. We would drive there from San Diego for the weekend every couple of months.
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Big%20Bear%20Lake&defid=2585990
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2013-05-24T08:42:48Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.952676 | 74 |
Travel
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Structured Data
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Information contained on this page is provided by companies via press release distributed through PR Newswire, an independent third-party content provider. PR Newswire, WorldNow and this Station make no warranties or representations in connection therewith.
NEW YORK, March 7, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- ASIMS, a leader in comprehensive network monitoring and management solutions for converged telecommunications and IT infrastructures, announced an expansion of services offered under its Avatar Solutions Platform Suite. Avatar now incorporates the benefits of cloud-based, end-to-end communications and network intelligence tools for critical business applications continuity and UC Management, and real-time fraud prevention and detection near fraud prevention and detection capabilities.
Avatar, ASIMS' flagship service, is already revolutionizing Network Operation Centers with intelligent NextGEN performance indicators for SIP-based calls and customer trunks, and aggregated information with drilldown details to help detect issues before they become alerts. Avatar automatically correlates IP network sessions, content and topology data in real time, enabling IT managers to anticipate, isolate and remediate SIP and other signaling protocol network problems.
ASIMS, an Atlas Communications Technology (ACT) and Smart IMS joint venture company, is benefiting from the strategic alliances ACT has made with vendors like NetSocket and Acme Packet to enhance its offerings, and to provide enterprises of all sizes with unparalleled and comprehensive insight into their unified communications issues, allowing more expedient issue resolution.
"Our largest Tier 1 banking clients use Avatar to proactively monitor and manage all SIP-based applications, and this portfolio expansion only bolster's its position as the premier service in the industry," says Nagesh Gouravaram, COO of Smart IMS. "Our global enterprise clients experience measurable reductions in cost, mitigations of risk and powerful economies of speed, scalability and intelligence whenever we deploy Avatar."
"As financial markets adopt more UC services," said Richard Giacchi, ASIMS' General Manager, "challenges continue to multiply at an exponential rate. ASIMS is not only meeting these challenges head on, but anticipating client needs as they migrate towards IP."
Mr. Giacchi stated that partnerships with companies like NetSocket, a leading innovator of network service assurance solutions, enables ASIMS to deliver cloud-based unified communications solutions geared at managing the end-user experience in different types of environments, and to offer complete visibility with the NetSocket Cloud Experience Manager (CEM) features.
With NetSocket CEM, Avatar can monitor the end-to-end UC customer experience with comprehensive information, making it possible to find the "needle in the haystack" in a matter of clicks, rather than hours or days, saving time and money. Further reducing total cost, NetSocket allows deployments without probes reducing expense at each endpoint, and significantly reducing resolution time.
"Organizations seek practical strategies to reduce operations and maintenance burdens," said Indrajit "IG" Ghosh, ACT's CTO. "Avatar lowers total cost of ownership while creating a superior user experience and ensures voice quality service levels necessary to support businesses. NetSocket is an example of how we incorporate the best of breed into our solutions roadmap."
Likewise, ASIMS' longstanding partnership with Acme Packet enhances Avatar with fraud prevention and detection abilities. The partnership brings a self-learning, scalable solution that detects and prevents toll fraud across all calls in a VoIP network through end-to-end correlated, network-wide application layer that performs real-time analysis of user behavior and correlates it with each end user's typical behavioral pattern, alerting when behavior becomes irregular.
With this portfolio expansion, ASIMS has rounded out its service offerings under its Avatar to deliver the very best in managed services to its clients, responding to their current requirements, and proactively anticipating their needs going forward.
ASIMS is a leader in the design, build, and provisioning of managed services for advanced low-latency communications networks. ASIMS focuses on high-availability network solutions for VoIP telecommunications utilizing SIP Core Fabric in the financial and enterprise communities. ASIMS is an Atlas Communications Technology and Smart IMS joint venture company based in Plainsboro, New Jersey. For more information, visit www.ASIMS.com.
NetSocket is a leading innovator of network service assurance solutions, providing a trouble-free unified communications experience in enterprise and service provider environments. Its Cloud Experience Manager (CEM) provides comprehensive insight into network issues reducing problem resolution times, and complete network information correlation. Deliver higher quality unified communications to your users with NetSocket. NetSocket, because network correlation matters! For more information, visit www.NetSocket.com.
About Smart IMS, LLC
Smart IMS is a Plainsboro, New Jersey-based technology services firm that has been serving clients, including Fortune 500 enterprises in the financial, healthcare, and retail sectors, for over 16 years. The company offers complete remote infrastructure management, monitoring, engineering services along with niche professional services and application development solutions. Smart IMS is a GSA Schedule-70 supplier for federal, state and local Government contracts and is one of INC500|5000's fastest growing privately held companies. For more information, please visit www.SmartIMS.com.
About Atlas Communications Technology, Inc.
Atlas Communications Technology prides itself on delivering real-time, intelligent, next generation services to the Banking and Brokerage industry for over 15 years. Atlas specializes in SIP and unified communications in the Trading, Contact Center and Enterprise Communications space for banking and brokerage institutions.
Atlas' comprehensive understanding of the intricacies and challenges of SIP and IP protocols, allows Atlas to align our client's business objectives and to architect, design, build, integrate and support SIP enabled ecosystems that leverage best-of-breed technologies. For more information, please visit www.AtlasCommInc.com.
©2012 PR Newswire. All Rights Reserved.
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://www.whbf.com/story/21546608/asims-expands-avatar-solutions-platform-suite-of-unified-communications-management-services
|
2013-05-24T08:31:37Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704392896/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113952-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.908403 | 1,229 |
Finance & Business
|
News (Org.)
|
“I left in 1999 and went illegally first to Mexico and then to the US. I was in the closet when I left and the economic situation was bad. I was begging for food in Mexico. Eventually I ended up in Dallas, homeless and living in the Salvation Army’s shelter. Then I met another transsexual. She helped me get some work selling myself on the corner. Then I began going to nightclubs and picking up men and going to their apartment to have sex with them for money. I saw everyone else with cars and TVs, I wanted that and pretty soon I had it.
“Then I met a Mexican guy in a bar and we got an apartment together and he became my boyfriend. He had a wife and kids he was supporting in Mexico too. He sold cocaine. He started giving me $20 packages of coke to sell. One night, these undercover police came into the bar where I was working and asked me to get them some cocaine. I got them a little. Then they came back the next week and asked for an ounce. So I called my boyfriend and next thing you know, I’ve been busted for delivery of a controlled substance even though I only made a phone call. I spent two and a half years in jail. I took every class you can do, learnt English. I had a German boyfriend.
“When I got released, I couldn’t believe it when they sent me back to Honduras. My family didn’t want to know me. They don’t accept my sexuality. I got a job selling beauty products but it didn’t earn much. No one else will give a transsexual a job. So I’m back on the streets again. I earn $5 for a blow job, $10 for sex in a car and $20 for going to a motel. I always tell customers I’m a transsexual, otherwise they might get violent. It’s very homophobic here, so it’s dangerous. I’m saving up for my sex change operation. I’ve spoke to a surgeon and he’ll do it for $3,500. He’s never done it before; no one in Honduras has. I’d be the first. It costs about $15,000 in the US. I’ll probably go back there to work as a prostitute and then come back here to get my surgery. I think about it every day. It’s all I want from life."
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<urn:uuid:ecd9e681-a46b-4510-b004-e47299a9e3e8>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://mondediplo.com/2008/10/15transsexual
|
2013-06-18T22:51:09Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.981439 | 520 |
Adult
|
Personal Blog
|
Well, Trading Day has come and gone, and as the teams with their new presents find out just whether or not they’ll have months of enjoyment with them, we’re left to ponder…”does it matter?”
We’re not so much interested in whether specific trades matter for our purposes this morning (we’re not yet in the mood for that kind of detailed research at the moment), but it doesn’t take much to figure out whether Stanley Cup finalists achieve that level of result on the basis of having done well or poorly after the trading deadline.
We took a look at Stanley Cup finalists going back to 1981 – 27 seasons and 54 teams worth of information – to answer the question, “how well did these teams do leading to the finals?” In other words, can a team that finishes poorly in the regular season stand a chance of making the final? Or, does a team have to end the regular season with a strong finishing kick to have a shot at Stanley Cup finals glory? The trading deadline provides a convenient starting point, since it is after this point that teams have the rosters they will carry forward into the playoff run.
Here are the results (records are for games after Trading Day; those played on the day of the trading deadline are not included) …
Here are some of the things that struck us about this history of records after the trading deadline:
- The results are consistent by conference. Western finalists have a total of 22 over-.500 records in 27 seasons; Eastern finalists have 23 such records.
- You don’t necessarily need to have the better record than your finals opponent to win – 14 times in 27 the team with the better record won. But you can’t have been limping into the playoffs, either. Only once has a team that finished in the post-trading deadline period with a record as many as three games under .500 won the Cup (Montreal – 4-7-1 – in 1986).
- The 27-season window is really two windows. Prior to the lockout, teams generally had a dozen or so games to get their acts together for the playoffs. Since the lockout, teams have had 20 or so games to sort things out. It shows. Although the events are small in number, all six teams reaching the finals have had a better-than-.500 record, and four of them (the last four finalists) have won an outright majority of the games they’ve played from the deadline to the end of the season).
- As for those last four finalists, they’ve been dominating down the stretch, defined as winning more than twice as many games as they have losses in regulation time. Three of the four have achieved that results, and the other – the Penguins last year – still managed to win 11 of 17 games. That’s a small set, but comparing it to the pre-lockout period, it was done 16 times among 48 finalists.
Let’s get to the happy ending. More times than not – many more times, in fact – the road to the finals can’t be littered with potholes. If you’re not doing well going into the playoffs, chances are you’re not going to last long.
So far, the Caps are 0-2-0.
|
<urn:uuid:a5711054-3e4d-45f9-a25e-35a549048c5c>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://peerlessprognosticator.blogspot.com/2009_03_07_archive.html
|
2013-06-18T22:52:01Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.969499 | 692 |
Sports & Fitness
|
Personal Blog
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We all love the look of consumer devices like iPads and Android smartphones. They’re great for Facebook and Angry Birds but are they the devices you want to give to your mobile workforce?
PTS hosted an educational web event sponsored by Motorola to address these questions. This video is a recording of this event. IN it we learn:
• The meaning of ruggedness.
• The manufacturers intended use of consumer level devices.
• Cost comparison- real vs. perceived costs.
• Real stories & experiences with non-rugged devices in the field.
Duration : 0:26:27
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<urn:uuid:efec02ce-1eec-45cb-bf61-f1e7382a4ca6>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://runningtire.com/tag/mobile-devices
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2013-06-18T22:56:53Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.919403 | 121 |
Hardware
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Truncated
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Keep your canine looking and smelling kissable with this dog-grooming guideBy Woman's Day Staff
Dirty paws? Stinky coat? Gear up your grooming supplies and turn on the faucet-it's time for a good canine cleaning. Here, six steps to a stress-free suds session. Photo by Getty Images
Related: Learn about 15 clever uses for household items.
1. Lightly brush out your dog's coat before a bath.
This loosens debris and removes surface tangles, allowing bathtime suds to be more effective.
2. Place a mat or towel in the tub.
An uneasy dog is more likely to bolt during a bath, and this will help give her sure footing.
If she smells bad, try one with rosemary, peppermint, lavender or lemongrass-all natural deodorizers that fight odor-causing bacteria. If she is itchy, look for one made with colloidal oatmeal, and without sulfates (which can be harsh on skin).
Related: Discover 6 all-natural beauty fixes.
4. Use a mitt.
Slip on a textured mitt, like the Rinse Ace Shampoo Mitt ($8.50; Amazon.com), while shampooing to help gather Read More »from 6 Simple Steps to Washing Your Dog
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://shine.yahoo.com/blogs/author/ycn-1138777/archive/5.html
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2013-06-18T22:45:56Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.859982 | 278 |
Home & Hobbies
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Tutorial
|
Beaches of South Waltonís world-class accommodations become more varied and plentiful this year. Sandestin Golf and Beach Resort is adding 209 units in The Village of Baytowne Wharf with the openings of Lasata and Bahia. These new accommodations are only steps from the gardens, pools and conference facilities that make The Village so unique. Lasata, which opened in July 2004, features a Southern Plantation-inspired design throughout its 97, one-, two-, and three-bedroom suites. Projected to open in Spring 2005, Bahia, meaning ďbayĒ in Spanish, is named for its sprawling bay-front location. Featuring a contemporary, South Beach-inspired design, Bahia is described as ďSandestinís answer to the boutique hotel.Ē It offers 112 one-, two- and three-bedroom suites. Bahia also boasts three bay-front penthouses with stunning views of the Choctawhatchee Bay and expansive bay-front balconies.
On Scenic Highway 30-A in Rosemary Beach, Hotel Saba is taking shape. The new luxury inn includes 58 guestrooms, a restaurant and bar, conference center and underground parking. Located in the heart of the growing Town Centre, Hotel Saba is expected to open summer 2005.
In Miramar Beach, Hampton Inn and Suites will serve leisure and business travelers. Slated in open in summer 2005, the 75-room property includes guestrooms and suites.
Two Marriott-branded hotels are also in the pipeline for one of Sandestinís off-resort locations. A Residence Inn by Marriott and Courtyard by Marriott are scheduled to open in the fall of 2005. Offering more than 300 rooms to the resortís room inventory, the hotels are located at Sandestinís Grand Boulevard, a 520-acre planned shopping, office and entertainment area located at the resortís entrance.
The idyllic community of WaterSound is developing rapidly in Seagrove Beach, offering new options for private residences and rental properties. An Arvida development, WaterSound is comprised of 256 acres of magnificent landscaping along the Gulf of Mexico. WaterSound is master planned to include 499 residences as well as a village center, landscaped parks and recreational buildings.
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<urn:uuid:4f99bc5d-09c8-4647-99ad-28f1f4868094>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://sowal.com/bb/showthread.php/169-Some-new-places-to-stay
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2013-06-18T22:39:06Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.93843 | 463 |
Travel
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Comment Section
|
Welcome to our list of the Top 100 Hypnosis MP3 Downloads list
Straight from our logs come to you the absolute top favorites that people are downloading right now. Simply click any link below to start the download.
If you can’t find what you’re looking for you can always find it with our Search Box.
So go ahead and give it a try.
Simply type in any keyword then click the search button.
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Contact Hypnosis Files .com For Any Questions or Comments About Any Hypnosis MP3 or Script. By Email: You can contact us by simply completing the form below and hitting the "Submit" button. An email will be sent to our staff who will promptly respond to your inquiry:
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http://www.hypnosisfiles.com/top-downloads
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2013-06-18T22:38:57Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.828431 | 189 |
Adult
|
Content Listing
|
Techster Signee Claims Miss Basketball
April 2, 2012
by Kelly Morris, Shreveport Times
BENTON -- When the Benton girls basketball team arrived in Lake Charles for its Class 4A state semifinal game against St. Thomas More, Lulu Perry felt different.
"I felt like a celebrity," the 5-foot-6 point guard recalled. "We've never been on that really big of a stage. We were in a top spot -- Top 4. There was no time to be nervous. It felt good."
That's how Perry described a lot of her season this year. Perry, who carried her team to the semifinals for the first time since 1997, averaged 27.7 points per game and saw that average grow to 29.1 by the end of the year.
She graduated with 3,563 career points, shattering a 10-year-old Caddo-Bossier scoring record.
All of it helped her to be selected the Louisiana Sports Writers Association's Farm Bureau/Miss Basketball award.
To read entire story, Click Here
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http://www.latechsports.com/sports/w-baskbl/spec-rel/040212aaa.html
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2013-06-18T22:38:40Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.964864 | 220 |
Sports & Fitness
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Truncated
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Sep. 26, 2012 Early, intensive therapy with a biotechnologically produced medication can provide significantly faster pain relief for patients with rheumatic joint inflammation. Damage to joints can also be reduced when the medication is applied right at the beginning of the illness. A nationwide study sponsored by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research and conducted by Prof. Gerd-Rüdiger Burmester, director of the Medical Department, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology at Charité -- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, came to this conclusion.
Findings are published in the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases.
In the study, the standard preparation of methotrexate was tested in comparison with a combined therapy of methotrexate and the biological agent (or biologic) adalimumab in treating rheumatoid arthritis. Biologics are a particular group of medication produced from living cells using methods of molecular biology. The medication exclusively targets particular messenger substances in the immune system. It clings to the body's inflammatory substances and renders them harmless. Pain, swelling and the progress of inflammation are thus prevented.
The medication tested by Prof. Burmester's work group is called adalimumab and was approved ten years ago. It is one of the most frequently prescribed biologics worldwide. It is prescribed when standard therapies are inadequate or when side effects develop. The Charité study examined how the medication affects patients with rheumatoid joint inflammation when the therapy is started immediately following diagnosis and not only when other therapies do not take effect.
Study participants had rheumatoid arthritis in the early stages, however, were considerably limited in their daily activities as a result of the symptoms. Half of the patients were given the combination therapy for six months and the other half serving as the comparison group was given the standard medication and a placebo. All test participants were then given methotrexate for another six months. Though both groups had comparable symptoms at the end of study, the group that was given the biologic experienced significantly faster pain relief. Furthermore, x-rays showed less bone damage in those patients compared to the placebo group. Prof. Burmester is confident: "We were able to show that early, intensive therapy with this biologic helps patients maintain their quality of life and prevent bone damage."
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Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
- J. Detert, H. Bastian, J. Listing, A. Weiss, S. Wassenberg, A. Liebhaber, K. Rockwitz, R. Alten, K. Kruger, R. Rau, C. Simon, E. Gremmelsbacher, T. Braun, B. Marsmann, V. Hohne-Zimmer, K. Egerer, F. Buttgereit, G.-R. Burmester. Induction therapy with adalimumab plus methotrexate for 24 weeks followed by methotrexate monotherapy up to week 48 versus methotrexate therapy alone for DMARD-naive patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: HIT HARD, an investigator-initiated study. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 2012; DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201612
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
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<urn:uuid:de7f4490-0b5f-40da-a5d1-f17de996e453>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/09/120926092913.htm
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2013-06-18T22:26:04Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368707435344/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516123035-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.907961 | 719 |
Health
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News Article
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Page 2 May 2010
George C. Moreno is a flow skater for éS that Scuba has hooked up for a bit. Check out his interview on the Transworld Skateboarding website and the video is below.
Rattray plays a classic role of a news anchor in this classic trailer for EA Skate 3 Releasing next month.
Just some warm-ups for you....wait...what?
Matt Price, Ben Raemers and friends took a trip to the beach recently and I made a edit about the trip! Party time!
Cliché set up a Tumbler page for their blog recently and it's filled with a lot of awesome things from the past and present. We just ran across this buttery image of éS pro, Cale Nuske from a 2001. Check out the steez on that frontside feeble grind.
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<urn:uuid:64c78c88-6dec-4dbd-b5db-d770cc1898ad>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://esskateboarding.com/blog/2010/05/page/2/?region=us
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2013-05-19T10:17:25Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.943182 | 178 |
Sports & Fitness
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Personal Blog
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ShadowTiger, I do this professionally. Here's my advice, in two parts. First is Best Results, because you want to sell your product and marketing is the way to get you there. Second is Do-It-Yourself.
First: For best results, hire a consultant to do it for you. Doesn't have to be expensive, and if they are worth their salt they will at least do the following (although some of the stuff is very easy to do yourself):
- Make it look decently awesome. It's for a game, so it needs to look AWESOME.
- Make it SEO friendly, so people can find it quick in search engines. The consultant should also do a basic keyword analysis for you to help rank better.
- Make it Socially Connected - The consultant should also help set up Facebook pages, a Twitter account, and others depending on where your likely customers are.
- Make it with a Content Management System (CMS) that YOU can use. Most importantly the consultant should provide you with a reasonable walkthrough of any customizations he/she may have made, as well as walk you through the basic workflow of the CMS.
- Connect it with Multimedia - Link the CMS with Flickr and YouTube accounts to get your game demos & screenshots more accessible to your users, and most importantly so you don't have to host those types of files yourself. YouTube and Flickr obviously have sophisticated content delivery networks that will make your content accessible worldwide very quickly - at no charge.
- Host it cheap. The website is a brochure, not the game itself, so your traffic is likely to be low. Unless it really is that awesome
The Do-It-Yourself approach:
First you'll need to find a host. Don't host it yourself - that's too many extra things to have to learn to set up / maintain. You can find decent hosts for as little as $6 / month that will handle everything you need. Make sure the host supports PHP and MySQL, as you will need those for your CMS. Some recommended hosts are: MediaTemple, BlueHost... anyone else feel free to chime in. I personally use and prefer MediaTemple but there's plenty out there that works fine.
Absolutely use a Content Management System (CMS). My recommendations are either WordPress or Drupal. Both are excellent and equally extensible. I would recommend trying WordPress first because its management interface is a bit more intuitive, especially for new users.
Installing the CMS is fairly simple - many web hosts have a "one-click" install that makes it really easy. Once the CMS is installed, try it out - learn the ropes and things you can do. Then start looking at theming and plugins. You will need plugins for things like Google Analytics, Social Buttons (Facebook Like, Share, etc.), and some video / image support such as YouTube and Flickr.
The key with Themes is finding the template you'd like to start with (that you think looks closest to what you want the final site or at least layout to be), and then customize it from there. Wordpress offers the ability to modify your theme files (HTML, CSS, and PHP) directly from the admin side. Wordpress also has a fantastic guide with easy-to-understand documentation and API. Drupal likewise makes theming easy, but takes a slightly different approach with the installation etc.
Either way, the DIY approach I suggest should hopefully minimize - even potentially eliminate - any coding you might need to do, assuming you find the 'perfect' theme.
Hope this helps.
P.S. By the way, BlackStar & Morphine - Django is a framework, not a CMS. Django is to Python as Rails is to Ruby. CakePHP is a framework too, written on PHP. You could easily build a CMS on Django, much easier than writing one yourself in Python.
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<urn:uuid:09f2f7d5-c787-410b-9739-3687d0275d85>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://techreport.com/forums/viewtopic.php?p=1085812
|
2013-05-19T10:26:25Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.951184 | 804 |
Software Dev.
|
Comment Section
|
Rachel Weisz and Jude Law star in Fernando Meirelles’s dramatic thriller that weaves together multiple stories, linking characters from different cities and countries in a vivid, suspenseful, and deeply moving tale of love in the twenty-first century.
R for sexuality, nudity, and language; 110 minutes
The Magnolia at the Modern is an ongoing series featuring critically acclaimed films. Tickets are $8.50, $6.50 for Modern members. The Sunday noon show is half price. Advance sales begin two hours prior to the show.
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://themodern.org/films/past/360/1449
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2013-05-19T10:24:11Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.870159 | 114 |
Entertainment
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Product Page
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EA GAMES’ GoldenEye: Rogue Agent has gone gold for the PlayStation2, Xbox, and GameCube and is scheduled for release November 22, 2004.
Games of 2013
Top Games of 2012
Mythic Entertainment today announced that Dark Age of Camelot: Catacombs has gone gold. This latest expansion to Dark Age of Camelot, Catacombs elevates player model graphics into a leadership role in the MMORPG market with stunning detail and the ability for players to customize their characte's appearance. In addition, Private Adventuring areas challenge players to solo or group quest through unique and challenging dungeons. Players can now also choose to play five new player classes and experience the game from a new perspective.
Atari has released the European version of the RollerCoaster Tycoon 3 beta patch. This beta patch adds some new features and addresses a slew of instability issues, bug fixes and various other game tweaks. Read more for download links and detailed fix list ....
Massive Ent has finally released the downloadable version of the first patch for its 3D RTS 'Ground Control II: Operation Exodus.' This update brings your retail game to v22.214.171.124. and adds new interface and chat options, server auto-kick functionality, balance tweaks, the usual bug & crash fixes, etc. Read more for detailed fix list and download links...
Monte Cristo Games and Focus are working on a sequel to last year's strategy game Fire Department (known in the US as Emergency Fire Response). Fire Department 2 will feature a lot of improvements and new features such as multiplayer capabilities, better AI, control over a larger amount of units, improved graphics, five campaigns, and, of course, more realism. Read more for some new screens ...
Got Game Entertainment LLC and co-publisher Merscom LLC today announced that "Konung 2" has gone gold. The unique fantasy role-playing game with real-time strategy and adventure elements is set in a mystical world of magic and legend, alive with tribes of wild Slavic hunters, noble traders of the Byzantine Empire, and fearless Viking warriors.
Vivendi has released the first patch for Elixir Studios' strategy game Evil Genius. This update brings your retail game to v1.01 and addresses a slew of game crashes, bugs, AI tweaks and inferace changes. This patch is for the U.S. edition of the game only. Read more for detailed fix list and download links ...
Developed by Ubisoft's award-winning Red Storm studio, Ghost Recon 2 launches on next-generation consoles and PC this Holiday season. The game is set in the chaotic battlefields of tomorrow, and will offer gamers an insider's view of the way large scale conflicts will be fought in the near future.
In Oddworld Stranger's Wrath, players step into the role of the Stranger, a rough and tumble bounty hunter who tracks down outlaws for moolah. Using a special weapons system that gives a whole new meaning to "live" ammo, players will encounter deviant species and hostile challenges along the way. Oddworld Stranger's Wrath combines first and third-person gameplay with familiar Oddworld elements and an all-new engine to deliver a unique gameplay experience. Oddworld Stranger's Wrath will be shipping Jan. 25 for the Xbox.
“Unreal Championship 2: The Liandri Conflict” brings the “Unreal Championship” franchise to Xbox and Xbox Live with bold enhancements to single and multiplayer gameplay including all new super-agile player acrobatics, third-person camera mode, vehicles and intense melee abilities. “Unreal Championship” fans can play as any one of 14 characters from the “Unreal” Universe, each with spectacular new Adrenaline powers that enable new offensive and defensive combos.
Limitless Horizons Entertainment LLC today announced that its eagerly awaited massively multiplayer online role-playing game Mourning will be launching in the United States on February 25, 2005 with subsequent launches occurring in Europe and Canada at a later date.
Capcom's quirkiest action superhero once again takes center stage in this engaging action brawler that has new moves, a playable heroine, and inventive character designs with gameplay that perpetuates more punch and style than its predecessor. Viewtiful Joe 2 is set to unleash it's viewtifulness onto the real world this winter.
Merscom LLC today announced "Terrorist Takedown" for PC has shipped to retail across North America. Many mark this month as the 25th anniversary of the War on Terror as it was on November 4, 1979 when 66 Americans were taken hostage at the U.S. Embassy in Iran.
Prince of Persia: Warrior Within features a deep, mysterious storyline starring a darker, edgier Prince who is vigilant in his quest to unseal his mortal destiny. Read more for new screens & trailer ...
Funcom announces Morten Byom as new Game Director for Anarchy Online. Morten Byom is a long-time member of the Anarchy Online development team, and has proven his exemplary abilities for years. One of the highlights of his previous achievements can be found in the mesmerizing world of Shadowlands, where he worked as Lead World Designer. Shadowlands won over 20 awards.
Black Hammer Game has announced that it terminated its relationship with Strategy First Inc. in July 2004. Consequently Strategy First will no longer be publishing its upcoming PC turn-based strategy title “Supremacy: Four Paths To Power”. Strategy First is no longer authorized to represent Black Hammer Game, Inc.
The latest Settlers game takes the franchise and pushes it to the next level. Fans will enjoy fully animated 3D technology and enhanced gameplay features, but still be able to relive the experience that makes the Settlers series such a big hit. The game will take the player to a medieval setting, to re-conquer the kingdom currently under the domination of an evil tyrant.
Codemasters today confirmed its support for the PSP by announcing that its bringing Colin McRae Rally and TOCA Race Driver, two of the most successful motorsport properties in video gaming, to Sony's handheld. Codemasters' renowned racing physics, car handling and gripping gameplay is expected to be released for the PSP in spring 2005. Read more for details and the first screens ...
More than two years after seeing a Japan release, Namco finally brings Klonoa 2: Dream Champ Tournament to GBAs across North America, bringing its distinct brand of complex puzzles and racing minigames. Expected in February 2005, check the first screens...
SEGA today released new information about its highly stylized launch title for the Nintendo DS System. Developed by SONICTEAM, Feel the Magic: XY/XX (also known as Kimi no Tame Nara Shineru in Japan; formerly known as Project Rub in North America) is a quirky, action-packed adventure that offers an innovative experience through new methods of play.
Near Death Studios is proud to announce the latest update on their client software and the recent release of Meridian 59: Evolution. This update includes a new hardware-accelerated 3D graphics engine featuring a high resolution display, texture filtering, dynamic colored lighting, and many new special effects.
Rich in legend and filled with adventure, the World of Warcraft awaits! For the first time, players experience the lands of Azeroth from a new, in-depth perspective. As heroes, they explore familiar battlefields, discover new lands and take on epic quests and challenges in Blizzards massively multiplayer, on-line, role-playing game. A few months after our initial preview, an update was way overdue, so here it is ...
by Judy on Nov. 11, 2004 @ 1:17 a.m. PST | Filed under Interviews
Prince of Persia: Warrior Within features a deep, mysterious storyline starring a darker, edgier Prince who is vigilant in his quest to unseal his mortal destiny. Ubisoft sends us an in-house Q&A with the people behind the Prince of Persia: Warrior Within story, a rather secretive bunch of guys going by the name of "sekretagent."
by Geson Hatchett on Nov. 11, 2004 @ 12:57 a.m. PST | Filed under Reviews
TY the Tasmanian Tiger 2 picks up where the original popular action platform game left off. The cast of characters from Down Under has grown, and so has the action! Evil Boss Cass has broken out of Currawong Jail and hatched a plan to take over the world with an army of Uber Reptiles. It's up to our boomerang-wielding hero, TY, and his newly formed team of Burramudgee Bush Rescue mates to stop him!
by Gordy Wheeler on Nov. 11, 2004 @ 12:56 a.m. PST | Filed under Reviews
In 1904, Curtis Hewitt, an adventurous photographer, becomes caught in a vortex that brings him to the heart of the lost city of Atlantis. A stranger in a land of high-end technology and archaic faith, Curtis begins an extraordinary adventure, assisting with the Atlantians' plight for survival as they overthrow their gods. Atlantis Evolution is the first episode of a new Atlantis series, following the original, world-renowned series.
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<urn:uuid:f8c46464-2d58-4b0d-b945-0cfd84101c8b>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://worthplaying.com/archive/2004/11/11/
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2013-05-19T10:18:02Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.931699 | 1,904 |
Games
|
Content Listing
|
- 1 cup sugar
- 1 stick margarine or butter
- 2 egg yolks (reserving whites) and 1 egg
- 2 cups flour
- 2 teaspoons baking powder
- 1 teaspoon vanilla
- 1 cup brown sugar
- 1 small bottle maraschino cherries, chopped
- 1 cup pecans, chopped
Cream together sugar and margarine. Add egg yolks and 1 whole egg. Sift together and add flour and baking powder. Add vanilla.
Grease 10-by-15-inch cookie sheet or bread pan. Pat stiff dough on baking sheet.
Beat egg whites. Add brown sugar (with any lumps crushed). Spread over uncooked dough. Next, sprinkle the cherries and pecans on top.
Bake for 25 minutes at 325 degrees. Cut in squares when cool. Store in air tight container, with wax paper between layers. Freezes well.
|
<urn:uuid:f79882cd-f491-4797-b31b-03ca987bee1b>
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://www.carolinacountry.com/index.php/carolina-kitchen/desserts/item/cherry-torte?category_id=15
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2013-05-19T10:34:01Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.770796 | 192 |
Food & Dining
|
Tutorial
|
How can JPhotoTagger present the GUI in a different language?
The default language of JPhotoTagger is German. During startup JPhotoTagger searches for the language used by the operating system and takes it, if that language is supported. The supported languages are listed on the Homepage, section Languages. In September 2011 that are English and German.
If you speak German or English and have time, you can support JPhotoTagger: The language strings are stored in text files separated from the program code. You can add another language to JPhotoTagger, see "Translate JPhotoTagger into another language".
If the operating system is set up with an unsupported language,
JPhotoTagger uses it's default:
German. But you can start JPhotoTagger in any supported language, e.g. if you don't
speak German but another supported language that is not your native. Go to the
installation directory – the directory with the file
and invoke JPhotoTagger from the command line with:
java -Xms30m -Xmx750m -Duser.language=en -jar JPhotoTagger.jar
The important part is -Duser.language=en, the en means: Use English. Supported language shortcuts (ISO language codes):
You can write a batch file (script) with that line and start JPhotoTagger via that batch file. Under Windows you may prefer (does not display a separate command window):
start javaw -Xms30m -Xmx750m -Duser.language=en -jar JPhotoTagger.jar
Status of this document: 2011-09-26
|
<urn:uuid:396ffc16-5f2b-4cee-9256-9488d4895ec6>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://www.jphototagger.org/usr/start_in_ohter_lang.html
|
2013-05-19T10:24:52Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.815593 | 349 |
Software Dev.
|
Documentation
|
Welcome to Republic City! Home to one of the most exciting sports in history, pro-bending!
I know what you’re thinking, and it’s true… there isn’t actually a pro-bending team called the Sky Bison. Not YET anyway!
You have to admit though, Appa would make a pretty epic mascot!
Choose your team with this original design by Kari Fry, or pick up the Pro-Bender Bundle and get the "Fire Ferrets" shirt as well at a special discounted price!
- Mens (Air Nomad Sky) $12.99
- Ladies (Water Tribe Blue) $13.99
Ships within 1-4 business days
|Tell all of Republic City!|
You might also like:
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<urn:uuid:61d0ba71-6891-47c1-9bce-554873ca5800>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://www.levelupstudios.com/sky-bison
|
2013-05-19T10:16:52Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.900066 | 163 |
Fashion & Beauty
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Product Page
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Hawai'i Space Grant College, Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and
Planetology, University of Hawai'i, 1996
To determine the factors affecting the appearance of impact craters
The circular features so obvious on the Moon's surface are
impact craters formed when impactors smashed into the surface.
The explosion and excavation of materials at the impacted site created
piles of rock (called ejecta) around the circular hole as well as
bright streaks of target material (called rays) thrown for great
Two basic methods that form craters in nature are:
1) impact of a projectile on the surface and 2) collapse
of the top of a volcano creating a crater termed caldera.
By studying all types of craters on Earth and by creating impact craters
in experimental laboratories, geologists concluded that the Moon's craters
are impact in origin.
The factors affecting the appearance of impact craters and ejecta
are the size and velocity of the impactor, and the geology of the target
By recording the number, size, and extent of erosion of craters,
lunar geologists can determine the ages of different surface units
on the Moon and can piece together the geologic history. This technique
works because older surfaces are exposed to impacting meteorites
for a longer period of time than are younger surfaces.
Impact craters are not unique to the Moon. They are found on all
the terrestrial planets and on many moons of the outer planets.
On Earth, impact craters are not as easily recognized because
of weathering and erosion. Famous impact craters on Earth are Meteor Crater
in Arizona, U.S.A.; Manicouagan in Quebec, Canada; Sudbury in Ontario,
Canada; Ries Crater in Germany, and Chicxulub on the Yucatan coast in Mexico.
Chicxulub is considered by most scientists as the source crater of the
catastrophe that led to the extinction of the dinosaurs at the end of the
Cretaceous period. An interesting fact about the Chicxulub crater is that
you cannot see it. Its circular structure is nearly a kilometer below the
surface and was originally identified from magnetic and gravity data.
Lunar Impact Crater
Typical characteristics of a lunar impact crater are labeled on
this photograph of Aristarchus, 42 im in diameter, located West of Mare
bowl shaped or flat, characteristically below surrounding ground
level unless filled in with lava.
blandet of mateial surrounding the crater that was exzcavated during
the impact event. Ejecta becomes thinner away from the crater.
rock thrown out of the crater and deposited as a ring-shaped pile
of debris at the crater's edge during the explosion and excavation of an
characteristically steep and may have giant stairs called terraces.
bright streaks starting from a crater and extending away for great
distances. See Copernicus crater for another example.
mountains formed becuase of the huge increase and rapid decrease
in pressure during the impact event. They occur only in the center of craters
that are larger than 40 km diameter. See Tycho crater for another example.
In this activity, marbles or other spheres such as steel shot,
ball bearings, or golf balls are used as impactors that students drop from
a series of heights onto a prepared "lunar surface." Using impactors of
different mass dropped from the same height will allow students to study
the relationship of mass of the impactor to crater size. Dropping impactors
from different heights will allow students to study the relationship of
velocity of the impactor to crater size.
Review and prepare materials listed on the student sheet.
The following materials work well as a base for the "lunar surface."
Dust with a topping of dry tempera paint, powdered drink mixes glitter
or other dry material in a contrasting color. Use a sieve, screen , or
flour sifter. Choose a color that contrasts with the base materials for
most striking results.
all purpose flour
Reusable in this activity and keeps well in a covered container.
It can be recycled for use in the lava layering activity or for many other
science activities. Reusable in this activity, even if colored, by adding
a clean layer of new white baking soda on top. Keeps indefinitely in a
covered container. Baking soda mixed (1:1) with table salt also works.
Reusable in this activity but probably not recyclable. Keeps only in freezer
in airtight container.
sand and corn starch
Mixed (1:1), sand must be very dry. Keeps only in freezer in airtight container.
Pans should be plastic, aluminum, or cardboard. Do not use glass. They
should be at least 7.5 cm deep. Basic 10"x12" aluminum pans or plastic
tubs work fine, but the larger the better to avoid misses. Also, a larger
pan may allow students to drop more marbles before having to resurface
and smooth the target materials.
A reproducible student "Data Chart" is included; students will
need a separate chart for each impactor used in the activity.
Begin by looking at craters in photographs of the Moon and asking students
their ideas of how craters formed.
During this activity, the flour, baking soda, or dry paint may fall onto
the floor and the baking soda may even be disbursed into the air. Spread
newspapers under the pan(s) to catch spills or consider doing the activity
outside. Under supervision, students have successfully dropped marbles
from second-story balconies. Resurface the pan before a high drop.
Have the students agree beforehand on the method they will use to "smooth"
and resurface the material in the pan between impacts. The material need
not be packed down. Shaking or tilting the pan back and forth produces
a smooth surface. Then be sure to reapply a fresh dusting of dry tempera
paint or other material. Remind students that better experimental control
is achieved with consistent handling of the materials. For instance, cratering
results may vary if the material is packed down for some trials and not
Allow some practice time for dropping marbles and resurfacing the materials
in the pan before actually recording data.
Because of the low velocity of the marbles compared with the velocity of
real impactors, the experimental impact craters may not have raised rims.
Central uplifts and terraced walls will be absent.
The higher the drop height, the greater the velocity of the marble, so
a larger crater will be made and the ejecta will spread out farther.
If the impactor were dropped from 6 meters, then the crater would be larger.
The students need to extrapolate the graph out far enough to read the predicted
Have the class compare and contrast their hypotheses on what things
affect the appearance of craters and ejecta.
As a grand finale for your students, demonstrate a more forceful impact
using a slingshot.
What would happen if you change the angle of impact? How could this be
tested? Try it! Do the results support your hypothesis?
If the angle of impact is changed, then the rays will be concentrated
and longer in the direction of impact. A more horizontal impact angle produces
a more skewed crater shape.
To focus attention on the rays produced during an impact, place a paper
bulls-eye target with a central hole on top of a large, flour-filled pan.
Students drop a marble through the hole to measure ray lengths and orientations.
Use plaster of Paris or wet sand instead of dry materials.
Videotape the activity.
Some people think the extinction of the dinosaurs was caused by massive
global climate changes because of a meteorite impact on Earth. Summarize
the exciting work that has been done at Chicxulub on the Yucatan coast
Some people think Earth was hit by an object the size of Mars that caused
a large part of Earth to "splash" into space, forming the Moon. Do you
agree or disagree? Explain your answer.
Physics students could calculate the velocities of the impactors from various
heights. (Answers from heights of 30 cm, 60 cm, 90 cm, and 2 m should,
of course, agree with the velocity values shown on the "Impact Craters
- Data Chart".
Go to Impact Craters Student
Go to Impact Craters Data
Go to Impact Craters Graph.
Return to Impact
Craters Activity Index.
Return to Hands-On
Activities home page.
This activity has been copied, with permission, from the University of
Hawaii's School of Ocean & Earth Science & Technology server to ours,
to allow faster access from our Web site. We encourage you to explore
Return to Reach Out!
To Reach Out!
volunteer organization at the University of Michigan
|
<urn:uuid:b56aa008-efcc-438f-acaa-afda411d56f8>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://www.reachoutmichigan.org/funexperiments/quick/hawaii/Craters.html
|
2013-05-19T10:35:35Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368697380733/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516094300-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.882963 | 1,908 |
Science & Tech.
|
Knowledge Article
|
Following the distress calls of Forge World Graia, a Liberation Fleet consisting of various Imperial Forces was quickly assembled to make for the besieged world before the Ork hordes could completely overwhelm its defenders and claim the Warlord Class Titans for themselves. Amongst those who responded were the Warseer Chapter; it's crusading nature allowing for several units to quickly join with the liberation fleet as it made for the Forge World.
When the liberation fleet arrived however they got more than they could have bargined for; Chaos had seeped from the warp and invaded Graia. Their new objective was simple; burn the heretics, kill the xenos, destroy any who would stand before them. For the Emperor and for the Warseer Chapter!
I was rather surprised, especially considering the number of threads on the game, how I hadn't seen a proper Warseer clan for Space Marine up (and if there is I do apologise). Gathering Gamertags is all well and good but playing as part of a clan (however casual) always feels great and with the tools provided by the game to customise your character what could be more awesome than a squad of Warseer Space Marines visually charging into battle against the forces of Chaos? What about fighting off wave after wave of Ork?
This won't be anything super strict and pro, more of a casual and laidback thing where we can don our Warseer colours and enjoy ourselves on a great video game. Whether we play the competitive multiplayer or the upcoming survival co-op DLC (which is free I might add), any and all are free to sign up and come play on any platform.
Interested? Simply reply with your platform and your ID (Gamertag, Steam Name, etc). I'm also looking for a few Sergeants; they won't have any proper authority per say but they will be the people who want to organise game nights, get everybody invited in parties, chats, (depending on your system) and so forth. Toss me a PM if you're interested.
Squad Prīmus (360)
Stormtrooper Clark/GT: OPCON
Cpt farnham - GT: farnham
AngelofSrrow - GT: Danatoth689
Squad Secundus (PC)
Oxford - ID: Cybersquid
AmKhaibitu - ID: Cenobite [FUMM]
Korkalis - ID: Korkalis
Screaming Manti - ID: Boothby1991
Squad Tertius (PS3)
Wrymwood - ID: Urathomable
canuklhead - ID: Rokkit_man
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://www.warseer.com/forums/showthread.php?317129-Space-Marine-Warseer-Chapter-(Clan)
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2013-05-19T10:35:37Z
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Games
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Comment Section
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SELECTED PRESS RELEASE:
7/5/2012 5:05:39 AM EST
|Where Are We At With The Unstoppable Whirlwind?
VISIT WEBSITE (learn more)
The Unstoppable Whirlwind is a program that requires Zero experience
on your behalf but yet rewards you greatly for just being a loyal member / customer.
Whirlwind is an opportunity where sponsoring is completely optional.
In fact, the longer you are a member, the higher your income.
You can get the full details & sign up by following the link below :
Click on "Register" or scroll down to the bottom and click on "JOIN NOW"
Let me tell you few things about The Unstoppable Whirlwind.
* Affordable cost, at just US $1 daily subscription.
* Huge Income potential. Just over US $500 Per position.
* No Need to Sponsor anyone, EVER!!!
* Solid Trust Pay & Payza Accepted. Worldwide.
* Super FAST Daily Payments
* Known, Trusted, Experienced and Reliable Administrators.
*** Great Team Support
I joined this program when it launched on June 26th.
A hurricane with full force winds has been raging ever since
with the exception of 2 days when they paused the program
to fix a few errors!
I purchased 50 subs on day 1 and 25 more 2 days ago.
The maximum number of subs you may currently own is 75
but there is a great incentive to go this way!
All members who are subscribed at the maximum level get to be founders!
And founders get to participate in the profit share of the company twice monthly.
In addition to the revenue shared by whirlwind positions cycling,
Founders will also have increased advertising privileges.
Things are going well right now.
We have a facebook and a skype group where we can share
questions and see the progress of the matrices.
I am earning good money as I cycle through the levels
and now have 637 positions which will ultimately all cycle
and earn $500+.
If that isn't enough, I am getting an awesome click through rate
on my listing and banner advertising for my other programs.
These advertising slots are allocated as a result of my daily subs.
All in all, worth investigating....
And you may do so here: tuw.powerincomeblog.com
BUSINESS OWNER COMMENTS:
** You need to be a member of IBOtoolbox to comment. Click Here to create free account.
|Thanks, Shekhar! It's too good to keep to myself!!|
|Thank you so much for sharing it with us..|
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http://ibosocial.com/japan/blog.aspx?blogid=107045
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2013-05-22T07:19:43Z
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| 0.910138 | 557 |
Finance & Business
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News (Org.)
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October 3, 2010
A Mauling at The Rock
HATTIESBURG, Miss. - You have to hand it to Southern Miss defensive coordinator Todd Bradford - when his defense turns a corner, it turns a corner. The Golden Eagle defense was downright nasty in Saturday's 41-16, ambush of the Marshall Thundering Herd Saturday night at "The Rock",
holding their C-USA opener opponents to 180 yards of total offense.
...More... To continue reading this article you must be a member. Sign Up Now for a FREE Trial
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://nebraska.rivals.com/barrier_noentry.asp?ReturnTo=&script=content.asp&cid=1134176&fid=&tid=&mid=&rid=
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2013-05-22T07:36:06Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.922688 | 112 |
Sports & Fitness
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Truncated
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Larry Sparks has said that he's the youngest old-timer around, and the self-description is an apt one. Emerging from the Stanley Brothers' Clinch Mountain Boys band, Sparks carried on with the sounds created by bluegrass music's first generation. His style was no knockoff, however; it had a distinctively bluesy tinge anchored by Sparks' own guitar, a comparatively unusual lead instrument in bluegrass, where the triad of mandolin, banjo, and fiddle had defined the musical texture since the genre's early days.
Sparks grew up in Lebanon, OH, in the southwestern part of the state that has produced several other top bluegrass artists. His parents came from Appalachian Kentucky, and one of his grandfathers was a fiddle contest champion. Sparks heard Cincinnati country star Wayne Raney on the radio when he was young and learned to play the guitar. His skills put him in demand not only for bluegrass but also for country and rock bands while he was in high school, but after sitting in as lead guitarist with the Stanley Brothers as they toured Ohio in 1964, bluegrass took first place among his musical interests. Sparks played increasingly often with the Stanley Brothers and made his recording debut in 1965 on a small Dayton, OH label. He spent three years as lead vocalist with Ralph Stanley & the Clinch Mountain Boys after Carter Stanley's death at age 41 in December 1966.
Around 1970, Sparks formed his own band, the Lonesome Ramblers, and it's a rare bluegrass festival or concert series that hasn't played host to Sparks multiple times in the years since. Numerous younger bluegrass players have passed through the Lonesome Ramblers or appeared on Sparks' many recordings, Ricky Skaggs and fiddler Stuart Duncan being only two of the best-known examples. Sparks recorded for various labels in the '70s and early '80s, moving to Rebel in 1982 for the Dark Hollow LP. It was the first in a long string of recordings that sold steadily and won critical acclaim; most of Sparks' Rebel catalog remained in print in the early 2000s.
Along the way, Sparks made several songs into bluegrass standards. He unearthed an obscure folk-rock composition by Lawrence Hammond entitled "John Deere Tractor" and turned it into a perennial anthem of discontented rural folk adrift in the big city; the cover of the song by the Judds on their Love Can Build a Bridge album of 1990 was likely traceable to Sparks' own numerous performances. The Stanley Brothers' "Goin' Up Home (To Live in Green Pastures)" was one of several gospel pieces that every parking-lot pickup band wanted to learn after hearing Sparks sing it, and Sparks tended to focus on gospel in his own numerous compositions as well.
Sparks and the Lonesome Ramblers barely slowed down in the 1990s, releasing several albums over the course of the decade, and 2003's The Coldest Part of Winter showed him in undiminished form. Sparks released Last Suit You Wear in 2007. Recorded primarily with his road band, the Lonesome Ramblers, Almost Home appeared in 2011. ~ James Manheim, Rovi
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://pandora.com/larry-sparks
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2013-05-22T07:33:40Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.979934 | 648 |
Entertainment
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Nonfiction Writing
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August 29, 2012
Super talents at Serra
USC has had quite a run landing players out of the talent factory Gardena (Calif.) Serra and they hope that trend will continue because they have two outstanding talents who are already national recruits.
...More... To continue reading this article you must be a member. Sign Up Now for a FREE Trial
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://usc.rivals.com/barrier_noentry.asp?ReturnTo=&script=content.asp&cid=1402521&fid=&tid=&mid=&rid=
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2013-05-22T07:13:05Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.945396 | 73 |
Sports & Fitness
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Truncated
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WELCOME, SIGN IN
Benefits of Private School Vs Public School
Description:Education expert Ann Dolin discusses the differences between private school and public school, and shares tips to help choose the right one for your student.
MonkeySee.com - Parenting
Private School vs Public School
advantages of private schools
advantages of public schools
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://www.aol.com/video/benefits-of-private-school-vs-public-school/517411659/
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2013-05-22T07:26:50Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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| 0.903606 | 74 |
Education & Jobs
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Truncated
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I am getting a new car ! and i just wanted to know if there was anybody who is really good at applying opti coat 2.0 in the San jose California area....
[ i hope this is the right section i am posting in.... if i am in the wrong section or am not aloud to do this type of post.. please accept my apology and take it down ]
but anyways i asked mike and this should be the right section to post in.
well anyways... thanks guys for reading!
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http://www.autogeekonline.net/forum/off-topic/57001-need-help.html
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2013-05-22T07:49:24Z
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| 0.934876 | 105 |
Transportation
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Comment Section
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NAIROBI Kenya, Jun 16 – As the nation mourned the late minister for Internal Security George Saitoti, a young man who largely kept off the public eye despite the high profile his father held stood up to eulogise him.
Zachary Musengi Saitoti, the only child of the late minister marshaled the courage to extol his late father as a man of great determination, fortitude and one who wanted to exceed his targets.
Until Saitoti’s death last Sunday, his family life remained very private and little was seen of his wife and son in public.
Saitoti’s son expressed pride in a father he termed as his “legend and hero and who was the backbone and the strength of the family.”
Zachary said that the helicopter crash last Sunday robbed him of a loving father whom he thanked for ensuring he never lacked anything.
“On the fateful day of the accident, I lost my rock, my Goliath and my dad. As his son, my father gave me more than I could ever dream of… more than I could ever want. He gave me everything, he gave me his love,” he stated.
“He was a man of such wonder that he gave the same that he gave to me and his family but also to thousands if not millions of people around the world,” Zachary recalled.
Zack hailed his father as the pillar of his life and a great mentor who had played a great part in shaping the attitude and the life that he lives.
He did not run shy of acknowledging the various roles that his late father served in the nation of Kenya insisting that he succeeded due to the love he had for the country.
“My father loved this country and its people with every possible fiber of his body. In his illustrious career he poured out his heart and soul in strengthening this nation and securing its future as a land of tremendous opportunity and prosperity,” he said of the man who had served in the ministries of finance, education of internal security as well as vice president for 13 years.
“I will not let you down or the family; you were our backbone, our father, our brother, our uncle, our everything. May the way you lived guide us… empower us and bring us close together,” he said concluding his tribute.
Zachary who describes himself as creative photographer and graphic designer graduated from the University of the West of England with two Bachelor of Arts degrees in photography and in graphic design.
In her tribute, Saitoti’s widow Margaret recounted her life with her departed husband terming it memorable.
In the tribute read on her behalf by a friend Lucy Maoga, Margaret admitted that that she had recognized early that her late husband had a higher calling which focused on public service and that she provided him with the support of a wife.
“My dear George, what a life we have shared; a lovely and memorable companionship, a love that has known no bounds. When we met we were young and full of hope there was no doubt that we were meant for each other. Our union got compete with the arrival of our son… my duty to you was to provide you with all the support that a wife should give. On your part you did not leave me behind. Our love will always remain in our hearts forever,” read Margaret’s tribute.
She insisted that he never stood in the way of her husband whom she said had a deep love for the country. She attributed the love of country for the successes Saitoti had in various dockets that he served.
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http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/news/?p=38257
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2013-05-22T07:36:04Z
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en
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Social Life
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News Article
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Cyber Bullying Epidemic Meets its Greatest Challenge: Award-Winning Author, Ben Halpert, Brings the Savvy Cyber Kids Back in Their Newest Adventure – The Defeat of the Cyber Bully
ATLANTA, Oct. 13, 2011 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ — Today marks a turning point for the cyber bully epidemic. The nonprofit organization, Savvy Cyber Kids is pleased to announce the launch of a cyber bully awareness, prevention, and response curriculum that is targeted towards our youngest learners called The Savvy Cyber Kids at Home: The Defeat of the Cyber Bully. Teachers, concerned parents, and adult caregivers alike can now leverage the ground breaking publication, along with free supporting resources, to take advantage of the earliest teachable moments for children. The book features two main characters, “CyberPrincess” and “CyberThunder,” who come across a cyber bully and learn appropriate strategies for responding.
Our children are being exposed to technology before they understand the implications of their actions. The Cyberbulling Research Center reports that one in five youths between age 10 and 18 have been a victim of cyber bullying, according to a survey of 4,441 children. “Every death as a result of bullying is a tragedy,” said author and Savvy Cyber Kids founder Ben Halpert. Halpert hopes that Savvy Cyber Kids will play a part in battling the cyber bully epidemic facing youths today. “Creating a generation that is brought up to be aware of cyber social and cyber ethical issues is a win for society,” Halpert added.
To integrate The Savvy Cyber Kids at Home: The Defeat of the Cyber Bully into the home or classroom as smoothly as possible, Savvy Cyber Kids has created a lesson plan and an activity sheet that are available as free downloads from savvycyberkids.org.
The Savvy Cyber Kids at Home: The Defeat of the Cyber Bully is available in hardcover and ebook formats through booksellers everywhere. All proceeds from sales go directly back into the nonprofit to create additional educational materials. School and library versions with spine text are available directly from Savvy Cyber Kids, Inc.
About Savvy Cyber Kids, Inc.
The mission of Savvy Cyber Kids, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, is to teach kids safety before they go online. Savvy Cyber Kids focuses on engraining security awareness and ethics into the minds of preschool aged children. Targeting children at the preschool level will enable appropriate decision making to be second nature as the child matures surrounded by a world filled with interactive technology.
For inquires and interview requests, please contact firstname.lastname@example.org
SOURCE Savvy Cyber Kids, Inc.
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http://www.redorbit.com/news/entertainment/1112400566/cyber_bullying_epidemic_meets_its_greatest_challenge_awardwinning_author_ben/
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2013-05-22T07:37:03Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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| 0.942004 | 565 |
Education & Jobs
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News (Org.)
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This crossword puzzle dictionary features more than 325,000 clues and answer words along with a 500,000-word thesaurus to help you solve tough crossword puzzles. Build language and vocabulary skills with 13 word games and exercises.
Dictionary, English, 500000 Words, Calculator Function, Currency Converter, Weight: 4 lb. (1,814.37 gr)
Number of Reviews: 0
|Best deal: $53.99
$53.99 - $53.99 from 1 stores.
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2013-05-22T07:41:55Z
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Games
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Product Page
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Q: What’s the best way to quickly bring up the temperature of my red wine? Is a microwave recommended?
A: I rarely use microwaves. Period…and I certainly wouldn’t recommend using it to heat up wine. Some colleagues disagree. Wine columnist Matt Kramer once touted its use and I’ve heard that some winemakers and others use the technique. Sommeliers? You gotta be joking.
Polling twitter and facebook, wine drinkers and experts agreed that microwaving is not the way to go.
Readers, do you agree? What technique do you use to warm up a chilled bottle of red?
For those that use the microwave, could you clue the rest of us in on its usefulness and why you use it?
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://enobytes.com/2010/07/30/microwaves-are-for-popcorn-keep-it-away-from-my-wine/
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2013-05-24T15:36:53Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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Food & Dining
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Q&A Forum
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[talk-au] New Australian Aerial Imagery
info at 4x4falcon.com
Sun Mar 11 09:57:18 GMT 2012
> The positional accuracy seems to be excellent. I have already used the
> imagery to add a few missing railway line sections in Western
> Australia. It takes a little while to get used to the imagery being
> grayscale. In JOSM I’ve found it helpful to add some colour to the
> imagery by overlaying the imagery over a Bing background with AGRI
> layer set slightly transparent.
Link to the railway sections please.
I'm just curious about how the imagery shows up.
More information about the Talk-au
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://lists.openstreetmap.org/pipermail/talk-au/2012-March/008943.html
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2013-05-24T15:44:18Z
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en
| 0.846438 | 148 |
Transportation
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Comment Section
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Despite this "obvious truth," it seems that people in other countries see what we have here in the UK as a good thing and are actually quite envious of our health service.
Free access to GP services is what I believe needs to happen. Then, and only then, will those on low incomes be able to take control of their health. Sure, it'll cost a hell of a lot of money. But if people could afford to go to their GP to get their cholesterol checked, to have their blood pressure measured, to talk about giving up the fags, then we could potentially claw back a significant amount of the money, while at the same time improving the nation's health.
But when you have the choice between paying 60 euro to have your BMI measured, or buy the tin of baby formula that your nipper needs, I know which most people would choose.
The full article is over here.
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://thejuniordoctor.blogspot.com/2008/07/be-careful-what-you-wish-for.html
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2013-05-24T15:56:11Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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| 0.985271 | 186 |
Health
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Personal Blog
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FULL LINE-UP ANNOUNCED!
Click above for Facebook event page
Celebrate WA is excited to make the full line-up announcement for the upcoming State Of The Art music festival, to be held at the Perth Concert Hall and surrounds on Sunday 2 June on the WA Day long weekend. Bringing together a mix of exceptionally talented acts from a diverse range of genres, the festival will showcase some of Western Australia’s leading musicians to build on the success of the inaugural event in 2012, which attracted more than 5,500 proud WA music lovers. Following a similar format to last year, the day will feature three seated showcases inside the Perth Concert Hall, and three open stages taking over the St Georges Terrace and Riverside ends of the Perth Concert Hall precinct.
CONCERT HALL SHOWCASES:
The showcase performances will feature the full line-ups of:
- Premium vintage blues double headliner featuring slide guitar legend DAVE HOLE and pioneers CHAIN from 1:00pm
- Exclusive WA album launch for electro pop siren ABBE MAY’s Kiss My Apocalypse, supported by a rare performance from SCHVENDES from 4:30pm
- Hard rock heavyweights KARNIVOOL exclusively previewing songs from their upcoming album, spread amongst the classics from 8:30pm.
Abbe May Karnivool Dave Hole
Three stages outside the iconic hall will feature a high profile selection of WA’s finest singers, songwriters, bands and electronic producers, including the already announced Bob Evans, Gyroscope and Eskimo Joe’s Kav Temperley. Other homegrown delights include The Chemist, Day Of The Dead, Sons Of Rico, Emperors, Grace Woodroofe, The Love Junkies, Rabbit Island, Jake & The Cowboys’ Jarred Wall, Cow Parade Cow, Fitzroy Xpress, Rainy Day Women, MmHmm, Rachael Dease & Ylem (collab), Rokwell & Groom, The Weapon Is Sound, Sam Perry, Usurper Of Modern Medicine, 44th Sunset, Antonio Paul and Runner.
And just added to this already epic line-up is the WAM Song Of The Year Grand Prize winner Timothy Nelson plus drum'n'bass legend Greg Packer, the man that started this great state's d'n'b legacy!
Gyroscope Emperors Bob Evans
are on sale from all Ticketek outlets and Ticketek.com.au (click here!), starting
from $13.95 for access to all three outdoor stages or $24.60 per Concert
Hall Showcase, which includes access to all outdoor stages. Please note
there are licensed and all-ages areas.
Event Date: Sunday 2 June 2013
Event Time: Doors open 12 noon, finishes at 11pm
Location: Perth Concert Hall and surrounding three outdoor stages
Entry: All ages with licensed areas. Discount ticketed event
Tickets: Now on sale from www.ticketek.com.au
WA is supported by the State Government and LotteryWest, and a range of
major corporate and media partners including BHP Billiton, Hawaiian,
Channel 7 Perth, The West Australian and Austereo. State Of The Art is
assisted by WAM and Supersonic Enterprises.
FOR MORE INFO (click the below):
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://wam.asn.au/Home/tabid/36/Default.aspx
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2013-05-24T15:44:53Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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| 0.866346 | 690 |
Entertainment
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News (Org.)
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The Aftermath: Pro Farmer Tour and Hurricane Irene
Aug 29, 2011
Looks like "Irene" found the big city lights of New York City simply too overwhelming and faded off into the sunset. For all of our sakes, Irene was downgraded to a "tropical storm," and the stock exchanges and all financial exchanges were open as scheduled, airlines are back up and running, transportation is starting to move, and we seem to have avoided another potential "black swan" type event.
The weather will be watched closely during the coming days as well, due to thoughts that the recent tropical storms may quickly alter weather models and current patterns across the midwest. For the most part, outside of hurricane Irene, the weather has been fairly mild this weekend. From what I am hearing, there could be some improvements in several of the key winter wheat planting areas during the next couple of weeks as rains is expected to fall in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, Central and Eastern Oklahoma, and Eastern Texas. With this being the case you may want to consider coverage on a portion of your unpriced or unhedged wheat bushels. Certainly there is a chance that we make a push back to $9 in the Chicago wheat contract and beyond $11 in the Minneapolis contract, beyond that I am a little concerned. Therefore, looking at ways to help control your downside will become important as we progress.
With the Pro Farmer crop tour behind us now, the trade is now left to digest thoughts regarding their 147.9 national corn yield, and a 41.8 soybean yield. Regardless of how you feel about the Pro Farmer final estimates, one thing we need to think about, is the simple fact that if the USDA were to use the Pro Farmer numbers for just Iowa and Illinois we end up right around a 146 national corn yield average. Those two states in and of themselves are obviously going to be instrumental as we progress further into harvest, so make sure you start paying close attention to the numbers in these areas.
With continued thoughts that the US corn carryout could actually fall below 500 million bushels on lower yield estimates and fewer harvested acres, the trade seems more than content adding length and pushing "new crop" corn prices towards new all-time highs. The "outsides" appear to be providing us with a little boost this morning, and soybeans seem to be leading the charge. As November soybeans quickly approach $14.50, I urge those of you who are not at least 50-60% sold to think about pulling the trigger. As I have been mentioning, there is certainly the chance we make the run to...
For more thoughts on where I believe Corn, Soybeans and wheat Prices could make their runs, Sign-up to receive my FREE Full report. Sign-up today and you will also receive my personal cash sale recommendations as well as gain access to my full Marketing Strategy. Remember, YOUR livelihood is traded on a Global market. Prices don't react to fundamental news like they use to. In the FULL report, I bring you the inside scoop on what the Big Money players (Hedge Funds/Managed Money) are watching and how to take advantage of it! Simply follow the link below. You can also click the button below to follow my Team and I on Twitter and get daily updates on what is happening in the grain and livestock markets.
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CC-MAIN-2013-20
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http://www.agweb.com/blog/Current_Marketing_Thoughts_140/the_aftermath_pro_farmer_tour_and_hurricane_irene/
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2013-05-24T15:29:12Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704713110/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114513-00001-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.963659 | 690 |
Industrial
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Nonfiction Writing
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Published on January 2nd, 2013 | by Thomas Wakelin
Capcom NOT Bringing Recent Games To Wii U
It was assumed by many that due to the recent ports such as Batman: Arkham City- Armoured Edition, Mass Effect 3 and Darksiders II that we would see many ports make their way onto Wii U within the first year or so after its release at least but it seems that, at least Capcom games anyway, that that may not be the case.
Capcom have confirmed via their Capcom Unity forums that recent games will not be making their way onto Nintendo’s new home console; the Nintendo Wii U. This means titles such as Resident Evil 6 are very unlikely to be within reach for Nintendo fans.
In an post, Christian Svensson (Capcom’s Senior Vice President) said the following:
“With regard to WiiU, in general we’re looking forward, not back so late ports are generally not on the table”.
What do you make of Capcom’s decision to look forward and not back?
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News Article
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Cookbooks for Everyone! - Cookbooks from some of Boston's highly acclaimed chefs.
Bargain Bites - Unbelievable dining deals at Boston's best restaurants
Pop over to Smolak Farms this summer for a unique pop up dining experience, Whim. Throughout July and August the North Andover farm will welcome a host of chefs like Will Gilson, Andy Husbands, Rich Morin, Mary Dumont and Chris Coombs, who will craft three course menus of seasonal fare to be enjoyed in the Pine Grove. Each $65 Wednesday evening (beverages and gratuity not included) begins at 7:30pm. The whimsical nights are a go regardless of rain – peruse the schedule below and then book your tickets online.
Wednesday, July 11th – Will Gilson, Bridgestreet
Wednesday, July 18th – Andy Husbands, Tremont 647
Wednesday, July 25th – Vittorio Ettore, Bistro 5
Wednesday, August 1st – Suzi Maitland, Trina’s Starlite Lounge
Wednesday, August 8th – Rich Morin, Lineage
Wednesday, August 15th – Mary Dumont, Harvest
Wednesday, August 22nd – Joe Faro, Tuscan Kitchen
Wednesday, August 29th – Chris Coombs, Deuxave & dbar
Restaurants featured in Dine on a Whim at Smolak Farm
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Food & Dining
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News (Org.)
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Tea & Treasures Book Discussion @ Elkton Library
Join Elkton’s branch manager for “Tea and Treasures.” Who doesn’t enjoy a warm cup of tea and a good book? Bring your favorite teacup and saucer or mug and the treasures you have read this month. Hot water and a selection of teas will be provided.
Elkton Community Library
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Social Life
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News (Org.)
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Originally Posted by broncosteven
I am not greedy I just want either a Korg Kronos X
Or Roland Integra-7
A Korg Monotron would be fun.
It would also be nice to spend and hour with Gene or about 2 minutes (plus or minus a minute) with Julianne Hough.
You recording a Gene Kranz tribute album?
That **** will be so tight!
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Entertainment
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Comment Section
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TimberWorks® Wood Floor CleanerToday's Price:
The natural beauty of a wood floor is unsurpassable. TimberWorks Wood Floor Cleaner is specifically engineered to easily and safely clean your polyurethane finished wood, linoleum and laminated floors. By effectively cleaning the dirt and grease build-up on your floors, you can help restore beauty your floor finish was intended to have. This product works quickly and easily with the Oreck Orbiter Machine or a mop.
- For most polyurethane wood, linoleum and laminated floors.
- Cleans spots, scuffs, heel marks, and sticky spots.
- Helps restore the beauty your floor was intended to have.
- Quick and easy to use with Oreck Orbiter Floor Care Machines or a mop.
NOTE: Know the finish you have on your floors. Some non-polyurethane, waterborne polyurethane, unsealed or waxed wood floors are water sensitive. Always test in an inconspicuous area prior to using. Just mist your floor and wipe or buff with the Oreck Orbiter. It’s that easy!
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Home & Hobbies
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Product Page
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It’s spring, and downtown is buzzing with work crews. You have to admit - things ARE getting better. Throughout downtown, crews are busy continuing to overhaul the landscaping. There are new trees, grasses, and shrubbery – and they’re in well-designed, attractive arrangements.
Sim’s Bowl has sprouted a “For Sale” sign, now that the city appears to be backing off its purchase.
The familiar “Acorn” streetlights that have been downtown for about 15 years now have almost all vanished, in anticipation of the new streetlights. I am hopeful that this means the new streetlights are better-designed.; it would be disappointing if the older ones were refurbished.
Metra Dry Cleaners has moved from the building next to Sim’s into the C.W.M. Brown building at the northwest corner of Miner and Pearson.
An air conditioning unit has been installed in the train station, for commuter comfort. The Brasserie restaurant in the station unfortunately still has handmade paper signs.
The Masonic Temple building has received fresh white paint on its piers, instead of the differing, peeling colors that were there before, with a gray coat over the concrete base. The dry cleaners storefront has also been repainted gray from blue. It’s too bad they didn’t match the brick and concrete’s natural colors, but it’s a big improvement nonetheless. There is also a fresh coat of paint on the city-owned 1486 Miner building.
Most of the downtown traffic signals have been replaced with LED lights (I hope they have accounted for a way to keep them from getting snowed over – the old lights produced heat.) As part of this process, many of the crosswalk signals now have countdown timers, and the poles have been stripped down to bare metal instead of faded, peeling, and rusting yellow paint.
Alderman Matt Bogusz is pursuing an initiative to help small businesses get a start in the city.
It is a great sign that we have several Aldermen and a mayor taking an active interest in our beautiful downtown. Not only Alderman Patti Haugeberg, 1st ward alderman, but also Bogusz and Mark Walsten. We are fortunate to have a leadership that cares about making things better. These little improvements add up; taking a walk through downtown is starting to feel significantly better. With the right plan, this direction can yield great results.
The Des Plaines Journal today features a photo of the old Prince Castle ice cream stand that was once at the northeast corner of Lee and Prairie, where the 701 Lee (First National) office building now stands.
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Personal Blog
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That pickup is most likely a 1969 or 1970.
The 1971 and 1972 models had a higher nose on the hood above the grille.
My first brand new car was a 1972 Chevy Suburban C20 with the 402 cubic inch big block. This was a 396 type big block with a few more cubic inches. The GVW was about 7200 # or so and the light weight was about 4250 #.
It came with a 16 gallon fuel tank. I had an aftermarket shop build a 50 gallon fuel tank for me in the 1973 oil embargo.
There were only 2136 C20 Suburbans made with the swing doors like mine in 1972. Versus 95,000 C20 long bed pickups.
People today don't remotely have the ingenuity of the past truck camper manufacturers. A 3/4 ton or one ton SRW pickup would carry the very heavy TC's of the past for thousands of mile trips every year on the old style tires of the era and very seldom did you hear of any blowouts or truck frame failures. TC's were very popular in the 1970s and 1980s and most were carried on 1/2 tons or 3/4 tons. Dually pickups were few and far between then and they were basically spartan work styled trucks.
We bought our first TC in 1965 (a Georgie Boy decked out and with a bathroom made in Red Bay Alabama for $1270 out the door new) and carried it on a 1966 Chevy 3/4 ton with a 292 six cylinder pickup with a 5 speed floor shift and it had a creeper gear that worked great for pulling our 28' Owens wood plank very heavy cabin cruiser out of the water at the ramp in the fall and putting it back in in the spring each year. Stored the boat on our other side driveway and decorated it for Christmas and had a big translucent Santa on top of the flying bridge with a 100 watt light bulb inside. Made the front page of the newspaper!
Drove the '66 truck for camping etc use till it had over 140,000 miles on it all over the USA and Canada and never had any tire failures, frame issues, or drivetrain problems. Most miles were pulling a 17' or 19' fiberglass outboard boat or our motorized 250 CC dirt bikes etc on a trailer behind the TC/truck combo for many years. Finally bought a new fancy 3/4 ton V-8 truck with an auto tranny and 4 wheel drive and have never looked back. Kept our two larger boats in a marina and stored them there as they were too big/heavy to pull out in a ramp and over 12' wide so a hoist was required. Then on to our first diesel.
These were our personal trucks not the ones we had for our business.
A superb CC LB 4X4, GM HD Diesel, airbags, Rancho's, lots more
Lance Legend TC 11' 4", loaded including 3400 PP generator and my deluxe 2' X 7' rear porch
29 ft Carriage Carri-lite 5'er - a specially built gem
A like new '07 Sunline Solaris 26' TT
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Transportation
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Comment Section
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The good ...
Defending Amarillo: It isn't often we can pat the federal government on the back for the way it spends taxpayer money, but on the rare occasion Uncle Sam gets it right, recognition is warranted. The U.S. House Armed Services Committee beefed up federal spending for Bell Helicopter and Pantex last week, approving $2.8 billion for the V-22 Osprey program and $553.4 million for Pantex. Granted, the Panhandle has a vested interest in these two entities, but few can deny their importance to national defense and security - especially right now. U.S. Rep. Mac Thornberry, R-Clarendon, deserves credit for making sure his colleagues are aware of how vital Bell and Pantex are to the country, and for making sure the money is there to meet their needs.
the bad ...
Run for the border: New Mexico can't have it both ways as far as illegal immigration. Bernalillo County commissioners approved a resolution by a 4-1 vote last week stating, in effect, that local law enforcement should not participate in enforcing illegal immigration laws. Also last week, the state's two U.S. senators - Republican Pete Domenici and Democrat Jeff Bingaman - prodded the federal government to step up its efforts against drug-related violence near the town of Columbus, which is near the Mexican border. The sentiment that the enforcement of illegal immigration laws is solely a federal responsibility detracts from the issue. The federal government cannot be the only realm of law enforcement that recognizes illegal immigration laws, otherwise the disturbing situation in Columbus will be the result. Thank goodness for society that other laws are not treated similarly.
and the ugly.
Speak easy: Democrats in the U.S. House of Representatives continued their monotonous and meaningless quest to tar and feather U.S. Attorney General Alberto Gonzales last week. Here's a question asked by U.S. Rep. Robert Wexler, D-Fla., in a hearing relating to the controversy over the firings of eight U.S. attorneys, including former U.S. Attorney David Iglesias of New Mexico: "Mr. Attorney General, you won't tell the American people who put Mr. Iglesias on the list to be fired. It's a national secret, isn't it?" There is no need for Gonzales to respond to the American people, because the majority of the American people are not the least bit interested in this inconsequential investigation. Democrats, however, continue to act as if they have stumbled on another Watergate. With regard to this much-ado-about-nothing dustup, partisan members of Congress should not presume to speak for the American people. By the way, who is speaking for the 93 U.S. attorneys fired by President Clinton when he took office in 1993?
Amarillo Globe-News ©2013. All Rights Reserved.
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Politics
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Nonfiction Writing
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FaceTime Tip: I rarely use the Phone app on my iPhone, but I found a great use for the Favorites feature. When adding a phone number or email address as a Favorite, you can select FaceTime. I’ve added anyone I know with FaceTime (who I’d actually talk to) to Favorites, so now I have one place to see all my FaceTime contacts and start a call with one tap.
I am not normally a huge fan of dubstep, but after seeing Big Gigantic live this summer I really like them. Something about having a live sax player is just awesome. I made this mashup as part of a bigger mix I made about a month ago, and a lot of people liked it, so I thought I’d share it separately. Enjoy!
While I was in NYC a few weeks ago Nick Pinkston and I made a random pit stop to pick up his backpack, and I ended up meeting Sasha Laundy at Codecademy. I was so excited to learn about this awesome new initiative she’s working on there called After School Programming.
If you’re a teacher or know any teachers who might be interested in this (even if you don’t know how to code yourself), please check it out! It provides an opportunity to students that I think should be core to the education system.
From the Codecademy After School Programming site:
By learning basic programming, kids can have a say in how software shapes their world.
This really resonates with something I remember from Paulo Blikstien mentioned in his presentation about FabLab@School at Open Hardware Summit. He said it would be great if their initiative to improve science and technology education could get more children interested in becoming engineers, but at the bare minimum the students will grow up with a basic knowledge about how things work.
THESE KINDS OF PROJECTS NEEEEEEEEED TO HAPPEN! These programs might not be for all students, but they at least give them the opportunity to know the amazing possibilities that are out there when you know how to build things, whether software, physical products, or the overlap between the two. Thank you so much to the people making these education initiatives happen.
I wish there had been something like this when I was a kid!
When I was in Austin at SXSW I met some guys from WP Engine, which is a WordPress-only hosting company that is optimized for speed and security. I had a pretty cheap shared host at the time, but a few months after SXSW I decided to give them a try for one of my sites since they claimed to be really fast. I was blown away by the speed increase of my site (which seems to be a pretty strong signal for Google ranking).
Everyone else Some people I know who have switched have had a similar reaction.
If you host a WordPress site, I highly recommend you check them out. If you use this link, they are giving away 2 months free. Yes, these are affiliate links, but I’m only promoting this site because I legitimately like this company a lot. I could tell they were good guys who really knew their stuff after talking to them for a few minutes in Austin, and they’ve proven it to me with a really solid product.
Here’s a mix I put together of some beats I made with some Jay-Z and Notorious B.I.G. a capellas over them. Please give feedback in the SoundCloud comments!
I’ve been working on learning Ableton Live for mixing songs, loops, and a capellas on the fly. In the past, I’ve mainly done non-linear stuff in Logic Pro. Here’s a mix I made the other day. Please comment on SoundCloud and let me know what you think!
Marketing via “Freedistribution” -
Yesterday my friend Ryan and I were driving through a neighborhood and saw a box on the side of the road that said “FREE” on it. Inside, we found about 20 basketballs with varying amounts of air, and we decided we should take them all.
It was a Sunday afternoon, and we had just got done with an awesome Sunday drive, but wanted to find another random activity to do outside for the rest of the afternoon.
Then I had an idea - let’s drive around the city looking for kids playing pickup basketball and give them free basketballs. I grabbed my 12V air compressor to inflate the balls en route, and Ryan had the great idea that I should write the URL of my free sample site on every ball in Sharpie, since they are freebies after all.
It only took us about an hour to get rid of all the basketballs. There were a few methods for this, including walking up to kids playing basketball saying “Want free basketballs?” and driving by courts and chucking them over the fence while yelling “Free basketballs!”
I just thought I’d share this story since it was a fun activity for the afternoon, it helped some people get rid of junk they put on the side of the road, and it might have helped some kids get free basketballs. I was surprised how excited the children were about the freebies. I call it “freedistribution” because we were redistributing junk people didn’t want disguised as freebies. Maybe I’ll do this more often.
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Software Dev.
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Personal Blog
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VEDA approves $20 million in financing
STAFF REPORT | July 09,2012
MONTPELIER — The Vermont Economic Development Authority has approved $19.8 million in financing for a number of projects around the state including:
Green Mountain College, Poultney — Final approval for the reissuance of up to $14.6 million in tax-exempt revenue bonds associated with capital improvements made several years ago. The college made infrastructure investments including a biomass (wood chip) heating system, renovations to Sage Hall, and improvements to the electrical distribution system.
Leo D. Bernstein & Sons Inc., Shaftsbury — VEDA approved a small business loan, in conjunction with TD Bank, to help the company fulfill a large national purchase order. Bernstein manufactures and supplies clothing mannequins to large department stores. The company relocated its production facility to Shaftsbury in 2005. Based in New York City, the company has 132 employees, with 55 based in Vermont.
Bristol Works LLC, Bristol — Financing of $350,000 was approved through VEDA’s small business loan program to help renovate the former 38,800-square-foot Autumn Harp facility. The building will be retrofitted and leased to tenants in the sectors of health, wellness, recreation, value-added agriculture, and green energy manufacturing.
Total project costs are expected to be $1.7 million, with financing also provided by National Bank of Middlebury.
Revision Ballistics LTD., Newport — Financing of $1.16 million to help newly established Revision Ballistics keep 45 jobs in Newport. The financing supported Revision Ballistics’ purchase of inventory, machinery and equipment of MSA’s Newport manufacturing plant. Revision will continue to manufacture advanced combat helmets for the U.S. Army and other military customers.
This acquisition will launch the diversification of Revision’s existing military product lines. Revision Ballistics is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Revision Military LTD of Essex Junction.
Within three years, the company hopes to increase its Vermont workforce from 150 to 200.
Tivoly Inc., Derby Line — Financing of $332,320 was approved to help Tivoly undertake various capital projects. Community National Bank will provide additional financing for the $830,800 project. Planned expenditures include replacement and purchase of machinery and equipment, and facility and equipment repair.
The company is a subsidiary of Tivoly S.A., a French manufacturer of cutting tools. The company employs more than 160 people in the Northeast Kingdom.
VEDA also approved $2.8 million to farmers through the agricultural loan program and $160,000 in loans to assist small businesses that are unable to access adequate sources of conventional financing.
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Finance & Business
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News Article
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- Search for Research Summaries, Reviews, and Reports
- EPC Project
- Research Review May 17, 2011
Related Products for this Topic
Related Links for this Topic
- Abou-Setta AM, Beaupre LA, Rashiq S, et al. Comparative effectiveness of pain management interventions for hip fracture: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med 2011 May 16. [Epub ahead of print]
- CME Activity: Pain Management Interventions for Hip Fracture
- Slide Talk: Pain Management Interventions for Hip Fracture
Consumer Summary – May 17, 2011
Managing Pain From a Broken Hip: A Guide for Adults and Their Caregivers
- View PDF (PDF) 932 kB
- Download Audio (MP3) 8.2 MB
- En Español
- Help with Viewers, Players, and Plug-ins
Table of Contents
- Is This Guide Right for Me or Someone I Care For?
- Understanding Your Condition
- Understanding Your Choices
- Additional Ways To Reduce Pain
Is This Guide Right for Me or Someone I Care For?
- You or the person you care for is an older adult (more than 50 years old) who is in a hospital because of a hip fracture (a broken hip that occurs suddenly from an event like a fall).
- You or the person you care for is in the hospital for anything other than a broken hip or has hip pain that is NOT from a broken hip.
Where does the information in this guide come from?
The information in this guide comes from a review of many studies on treatments for older adults who have pain from a broken hip. A team of researchers, doctors, nurses, pharmacists, physical therapists, and other experts reviewed the current research. You can read the entire review at www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/hippain.cfm.
Understanding Your Condition
What is a broken hip?
A broken hip is a break in the thigh bone (called the “femur”) near the hip joint. In older adults, a broken hip can occur from falling or from daily use if the femur is weak. The femur is one of the strongest bones in your body, but it may weaken with age. Even a minor injury may cause the bone to break.
People who have a bone-weakening condition called “osteoporosis” are more likely to break a hip.
A broken hip is a serious injury that is very painful and can keep you from walking. People with broken hips may be at risk for other problems, such as pneumonia, blood clots, and muscle weakness. Some problems can be life threatening. For that reason, if possible, broken hips are treated with an operation to repair the hip, physical therapy to help you gain strength after the operation, and medicine to help ease the pain.
Why is managing pain important?
Over time, pain from a broken hip may cause:
- “Delirium” (confusion, excessive sleepiness, agitation, talk that does not make sense, or seeing things that are not there).
- Poor sleep.
Uncontrolled pain can also interfere with treatments for your other medical conditions. Pain can also slow down your physical therapy and recovery. Your doctor, nurse, or physical therapist will ask you about your pain. They may ask you to rate your pain so that they can see if treatment is helping. It is important to let them know if you are still in pain.
The amount of pain and type of pain from a broken hip can change during your treatment. For example, the pain can be different before and after an operation, during rehabilitation, and after you come home from the hospital.
If you are caring for someone who has difficulty thinking or expressing thoughts (called “dementia”), he or she may not be able to tell you about the pain. It is still important that the pain is managed.
Understanding Your Choices
Usual care for pain from a broken hip
Your doctor may give you medicines to treat the pain before or after an operation to repair the broken hip. Some of these include:
Acetaminophen. This non-aspirin pain medicine is often used for many types of pain, such as body aches and headaches. It usually is not strong enough by itself to relieve the pain.
Opioid analgesics. Some common names for these drugs are morphine, codeine, and oxycodone. You may get these medicines as a pill, a shot, or through a tube in your arm (called an “IV”).
Common side effects of opioid analgesics include:
- Nausea, vomiting, and constipation.
- Sleepiness and confusion.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAIDs. Some common names for these drugs are ibuprofen and naproxen. These medicines come as a pill or a liquid.
Some of the common side effects of NSAIDs include:
- Excess gas.
- Irritation and bleeding of the stomach and intestines.
Be sure to tell your doctor if you experience any of these side effects. Your doctor may give you medicines to help.
Additional Ways To Reduce Pain
Researchers have studied other ways to manage pain. These other treatments include:
- Nerve blocks.
- Muscle-relaxation therapy.
There is more information from research on nerve blocks than the other treatments listed here. There is very little known about the benefits and risks of traction, acupressure, muscle-relaxation therapy, and neurostimulation.
What is a nerve block?
A nerve block uses a medicine called an “anesthetic” (pronounced an-is-THET-ik) to numb the nerves so that you do not feel pain for a little while. Anesthetics are the same kind of medicine dentists use to numb teeth and gums. The nerve block will make a part of your body numb for a little while.
Your doctor might use a nerve block to help ease your pain if you cannot take medicines like NSAIDs or opioids. Nerve blocks may be used before, during, or after an operation.
There are many types of nerve blocks. They are named for the part of the body where the doctor injects the anesthetic. Your doctor (or anesthesiologist or nurse anesthetist) may inject these medicines into more than one place in your body to give you the most pain relief. For a broken hip, injections are often given around the hip and groin area.
What are the benefits of using a nerve block?
Some research shows that nerve blocks used before, during, or after an an operation may ease short-term pain more than the usual treatment of opioid or NSAID pain medication. Nerve blocks may help you avoid “delirium,” or confusion and cloudy thinking, which can be caused by pain or by opioid pain medicines.
Are there any side effects from using a nerve block?
Researchers cannot say if nerve blocks cause more or less side effects than other treatments for the pain from a broken hip.
Traction is a treatment where a part of the body is pulled into a certain position. Traction is usually used before an operation.
There have been only a few studies on traction. They show that traction before an operation does not help relieve pain more than using pain medicines alone, but there is not enough research to know for sure.
Traction may be needed for reasons other than pain.
We do not know if using both traction and medicines for pain increases your risks of serious side effects compared to taking only medicines.
Acupressure, muscle-relaxation therapy, and neurostimulation (TENS)
Although some studies show that these methods might help, there is not enough research to say if these options can lessen pain from a broken hip. These therapies can be used before or after an operation.
What is acupressure?
“Acupressure” is when a trained therapist presses on specific parts of the body to relieve pain in other body parts.
What is muscle-relaxation therapy?
“Muscle-relaxation therapy” involves breathing and relaxation routines to reduce muscle tension.
What is neurostimulation?
“Neurostimulation,” also known as “TENS,” involves giving small amounts of electricity to excite the nerves around the painful area.
Will acupressure, muscle-relaxation therapy, or TENS help relieve my pain?
Doctors do not know if the pain from your broken hip will be improved or relieved by acupressure, relaxation therapy, or TENS more than by medicines like opioid and NSAID medicines.
What are the risks of acupressure, muscle-relaxation therapy, and TENS?
There is not enough research to say if these options have any risks or can cause any side effects for people with a broken hip.
Making a decision
Ask your doctor
- Which options do you think are best to manage my pain?
- How quickly can I expect relief from my pain?
- How long do you think I will need to manage my pain?
- Are you concerned about side effects from any of these options?
The information in this guide comes from the report Pain Management Interventions for Hip Fracture. It was produced by the University of Alberta Evidence-based Practice Center through funding by the Agency for Healthcare and Research Quality (AHRQ). For a copy of the report or for more information about AHRQ and the Effective Health Care Program, go to www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/hippain.cfm.
This summary was prepared by the John M. Eisenberg Center for Clinical Decisions and Communications Science at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. It was written by Diane Markesich, Ph.D., Thomas Workman, Ph.D., Michael Heggeness, M.D., and Michael Fordis, M.D. Illustrations were created by Douglas Alexander. Patients with fractured hips reviewed this summary.Return to Top of Page
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My husband and I thought Nan did an awesome job. Everything was perfect. The flowers were absolutely beautiful. It couldn’t have been any better. I would highly recommend their services to anyone. Thanks again Nan for the wonderful job you did for our renewal.
–Susan and Scott Allen
Words cannot express how beautiful our wedding on Meagan’s Beach was. Thank you so much for making it so beautiful and memorable !!! Love our pictures, thank you again for all your amazing work!
–Deanna and Mac
Nan and her staff went over and above anything we could have ever expected. The wedding was absolutely beautiful. Every detail was covered and we couldn’t be more pleased. I would recommend Magical Weddings and Events for everyone planning a destination wedding. Many Many Thanks!
–Gail and Bjorn
Magical Weddings & Events, LLC created such a beautiful beach wedding that had my guests complimenting me until the very next day. From the color scheme, to the transportation, to the beach set up….everything was on point. Ingenuity was obviously displayed for this ceremony. The guests’ pin-ons had sand dollars on them. It was a creative touch to a beach-themed wedding. Overall, I was satisfied with the services provided as well as the outcome of my wedding at the day’s end.
–Joia and Julien Maduro
The service I received was phenomenal!! Every bit of detail was handled promptly and professionally. The response time was excellent. Nan went above and beyond my expectations! My experience is a memorable one and I will be talking about it the rest of my life.
–Jean and Felix Landin
Nan, Henry and I want to thank you so much for everything. Our wedding was so beautiful and so very special. Thank you, thank you!
–Tina and Henry Degan
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2013-06-19T14:32:37Z
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Social Life
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User Review
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The Palm Treo 700p, the announcement of which we covered earlier this week, is the latest in Palm’s long Treo line of smartphones. Available by the end of this month, the Treo 700p is Palm’s fastest PalmOS-based Treo yet, and brings a number of new features and benefits to the table. The Treo 700p joins it’s Windows Mobile-based cousin, the Treo 700w, the Treo 700p will be available from either Verizon Wireless or Sprint, and we here at Digital Lifestyle Magazine have been given the opportunity to take Palm’s new baby for a ride.
The Palm Treo 700p differs slightly from the Treo 700w. Both devices run on Intel XScale processors @ 312 MHz and contain 128 MB of internal memory, of which 60 MB is accessible to the user. Both devices feature the same QWERTY thumb keyboard, top row of buttons are different; the Treo 700w sports a Send and Windows key on the left side of the directional pad and an OK and End Call key to the right, while the Treo 700p sports a Send and Organizer key to the left of the D-Pad and a Mail and Home key to the right. The two Treos are encased in what appears to be very similar cases, as both measure 4.4″ x 2.3″ x 0.9″, and both devices both devices include a 1.3 megapixel digital camera with 2x zoom, 800/1900 MHz CDMA bands, 1x EV-DO capabilities, Bluetooth capabilities, and support for SDIO, SD, and MMC cards.
In addition to the differences noted in the top row of buttons, the devices differ quite a bit in other ways as well. Most obviously is the difference in operating system; the Treo 700w is running Microsoft Windows Mobile 5.0, while the 700p is instead running Palm’s own PalmOS v5.4.9. The screens on the two devices are different. The Treo 700p includes a 320 x 320, 16-bit-color TFT touch screen, but because Windows Mobile 5.0 doesn’t support that resolution, the Treo 700w instead has a 240 x 240, 16-bit-color TFT touchscreen. Also, the Treo 700p gets slightly better talk time than the 700w (4.5 hours for the 700w vs. 4.7 hours for the 700p), but most users probably won’t notice the 12 minute difference in battery life. The standby time, however, is better on the Treo 700w, (15 days for the 700w vs. 12.5 days for the 700p).
The Treo 700p’s immediate predecessor, the Treo 650, has its own set of similarities and difference. Again, both devices run on Intel’s XScale architecture @ 312 MHz; however, the Treo 650 only contains 32 MB of internal memory, of which 23 MB is user-accessible. Both phone support Bluetooth; however, the Treo 650 uses the older 1.1 specification, which the 700p includes the 1.2 specification. The camera in the Treo 650 is much less advanced than the 700p’s, being only a 0.3 megapixel camera, and thus takes smaller images (640×480 on the 650 vs. 1280×1024 on the 700p). Finally, the biggest feature that the 650 lacks is EV-DO support, meaning that the 650 cannot access the high-bandwidth speeds that the 700p can.
There are two schools of thought I would use when making my purchasing decision. In my opinion, there’s no reason to buy the Treo 650 unless you’re on a budget; the features on the other two phones simply blows the 650 out of the water. If you’re looking for a smartphone that has a look and feel similar to what you might be used to from your home computer, or you want a phone that is compatible with Microsoft applications and formats, then your best bet would be the Treo 700w; the screen might not be as high-res and the battery might not be quite as long-lived, but you get Windows compatibility and a common interface that most people know and understand well. If you’re a PalmOS fan, or Windows-compatibility isn’t required or desired, then go with the 700p; the device packs all the hardware features of the 700w while being slightly newer and sporting a faster operating system. Also, if you’re a Mac user, then the 700p (or the 650 if you’re budget-minded) is your best best, as it will work with OS X right out of the box, while the 700w will not. So, based on this information, I would be inclined to go with the Treo 700p.
Next, we’ll take a look at the guts of the new PalmOS 5.4.9 and show you what’s new, what’s changed, and what to expect. We’ll also take a brief glimpse at Sprint’s Treo 700p offering and the services offered as part of the Treo 700p Sprint plan, such as Sprint’s EV-DO and Power Vision packages.
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Operation and controls
The LX3 continues the LX tradition of offering full photographic control with minimal need for diving into the menus. It's not quite as DSLR-like in its controls as the Panasonic G1 or recent Ricohs but once you're familiar with when to waggle the joystick and when to press it, you can get pretty quick at changing shooting settings.
Rear of camera
The back of the LX3 is a busy place with a slider, joystick, four-way controller and a smattering of buttons. The upside is that there is fairly direct access to most important settings (there's even a customizable function button), but it's difficult not to conclude that there might be an easier way to do things. It's interesting to compare the LX3's control system with that of Panasonic's new G1. The G1 has a control dial/button, rather than the LX3's joystick/button so might logically seem to have fewer controls to play with, yet the whole thing works in a much more straightforward manner and is much easier to acclimatize to. The LX3 is by no means bad but the G1 suggests that it might be time to look again at the simplest way of working, rather than adding to the way things have previously been done.
Top of camera
|The LX3's body is slim but both the lens and grip protrude enough for it to only fit in larger pockets. It's still a fairly svelte piece of kit, though.|
Display and menus
The LX3's menu system has remained pretty well laid-out but, like so many other contemporary cameras, is beginning to become overloaded with the number of options. The setup tab of the menu (pleasantly consistent between playback and record mode), has 26 options spread over 6 pages, which will take quite some remembering. Thankfully, most key settings are accessible either directly using their own buttons, or by pressing the joystick to enter the 'Quick menu.'
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http://www.dpreview.com/reviews/panasonicdmclx3/3
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2013-05-19T18:51:30Z
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Hardware
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Dollar Extends Gains vs. Euro Supported by Economic Recovery
The U.S. extended its gains against the euro for the fifth consecutive day after the reports showed that the retail sales and the consumer confidence in the U.S. increased while the debt troubles in the European Union cause concern about the future of the common European currency.
The retail sales in the U.S. increased by 0.4 percent, more than expected, following the March growth of 2.1 percent. According to the estimates of the University of Michigan the consumer sentiment also improved. The reports show that the U.S. consumers are able and willing to spend their moneys, supporting the optimistic outlook for the economic recovery in the U.S. and the dollar’s growth.
At the same time the euro faces the considerable difficulties. While the rumors about the President of France threatening to leave the euro were dismissed, the talks emerged about the possibility of the ejection from the euro for the countries with the weak economies so they wouldn’t pull the whole EU economy down with them. Some economists say that parity between the dollar and the euro by the end of this year doesn’t sound unrealistic.
EUR/USD traded near 1.2383 today as of 19:44 GMT after it opened at 1.2534. GBP/USD traded at about 1.4541 down from its opening rate of 1.4612.
If you have any questions, comments or opinions regarding the US Dollar, feel free to post them using the commentary form below.
Earlier News About the US Dollar:
- Dollar Rises Against Euro as Debt Concerns Return (2010-05-11)
- U.S. Dollar Rally Was Halted by Week's End (2010-05-08)
- Euro Rises vs. Dollar, Yet Rebound Considered Short-Term (2010-05-07)
- Greenback Advances Against Loonie on Greece's Woes (2010-05-05)
- Dollar Rises as U.S. Economy Improves (2010-05-03)
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http://www.topforexnews.com/2010/05/14/dollar-extends-gains-vs-euro-supported-by-economic-recovery/
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2013-05-19T18:27:29Z
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Finance & Business
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News Article
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|Size||# of Diapers||Baby Weight||Unit Price||Price|
|1||276||8 - 14 lbs (4 - 6 kg)||$0.17||$45.99|
|2||246||12 - 18 lbs (5 - 8 kg)||$0.19||$45.99|
|3||222||16 - 28 lbs (7 - 13 kg)||$0.21||$45.99|
|4||192||22-37 lbs (10-17 kg)||$0.24||$45.99|
|5||172||27+ lbs (12+ kg)||$0.27||$45.99|
|6||140||35+ lbs (16+ kg)||$0.33||$45.99|
Baby-Dry diapers with Caterpillar-Flex expand and contract as your child breathes, digests, and moves throughout the night to help sleep go undisturbed.
We're sorry! This item does not qualify for free samples during Sample Month.
My sons have always done well with pampers. Very few leaks and overnight is dry. Love the fast and free delivery.
My kids are comfortable with pampers and they are pampers baby..Its so nice to order online which saves me lots of time.
We're a Pampers family, love the product, pampers are comfy and the top of the line for absorbency. Especially love that you can order online for a very affordable price :)
Economy size are best valvue for the dollar. The free shipping plus at your door delivery i an excellent bonus.
As for the actual diaper tried and true ,excellent product
I love theses for my little girl! They are softer and I find that it is very absorbent. I prefer these over Huggies because of the softness. My little one seems more comfortable too and that's all I need to know. Well makes it so easy to buy with such efficient delivery.
As always, a great product from a great company, Well.ca! Thank you for your fabulous customer service!
Love these diapers! With my little guy moving more and more, I find that they truly do have a great fit and hold everything in, especially that they can last for 12 hours!
Price is great and diaper absorbs pee really well. Not so great with liquidy stools but not sure if any diaper really is. The service from Well.ca is exceptional: goods delivered on time and great customer service.
great quality but when you mentioned it is free shipping usually it is not free shipping to our area in northern quebec.
I tried other brands recently because they were a little cheaper, however, my baby ended up getting a diaper rash that I could not get rid of and they leaked through.....So I ordered Pampers again because I was tired of the cheap brands, after one day of using Pampers, the diaper rash cleared up and I haven't had the problem since. It will only be Pampers from now on for me and my baby:)
My go to brand at my favorite online diaper seller! Thanks Well.ca you rock!
Great buy at 0.19 per unit. Pampers diapers are nice and soft on my baby girl.
Love pampers diapers. They are the only one's I use. Great service from well.ca. They deliver to my front door so quickly. Thanks!
Pampers Baby dry is the only use on my little one. keeps my daughter dry even during the night.
My son/daughter in law sure enjoyed being stocked up with the diapers from Well.ca, Pampers Diapers and other items. It is great when they are all on sale and delivery made at no cost...Looking forward to doing more business with your company and thanks for your help along the way.....
Great diaper. BUT size 2 baby dry is the same size as size 1 swaddlers. I bought a huge case only to find out they are too small.
I tried Huggies but it's much more harder this Product is soft and I like it
This product works so well with my 6 months old son. He doesn't get diaper rash even if I don't put any cream every time I change him. It arrived at expected date. Thanks!
Oh I just love this pampers baby dry..it really works... :) I never tempt to try any other brands...Pampers is the best for my baby :)
I refuse to buy another brand for my son because I have tried many and they have all leaked!
Excellent diaper, plus the Gifts to Grow program from Pampers for added incentive gifts. This is the biggest package of diapers I know of and is not usually available in retail stores in my area. My kids love the Sesame Street characters and it actually streamlines diaper change time!
Pampers Baby Dry diapers are awesome!! I love this product for my baby, no leakage and keeps the wetness away from her bottom. Great product, Great Price and awesome delivery time.
I couldnt believe how fast it came! right to my door! that was just what a busy mom needs!
Love this product! These diapers absorb for 12+ hours, and with this size of pack, I don't feel like I'm always running out of diapers. We find the sizing a little off though . . . our baby has been able to stay in a smaller sizes for a few pounds beyond the size range, and I feel like this is when the diapers fit him the best.
Love these dipes. They rarely leak and they fit my chubby boy really well.
I love Pampers Baby Dry! Best diaper for my son, He doesn't leak through these as he did in the Huggies Snug & Dry. Great price and well.ca has quick and efficient delivery. I love that they can be left at the door!! Definitely be buying from well.ca for my boxes of diapers. THANKS SO MUCH well.ca
the only problem I find is that even though they are supposed to be "baby dry" they don't keep baby dry for very long. they don;t live up to the name.
love the baby dry diapers, i find they work great during the day. my daughter wears them with no problem of accidents. :)
I love this product i will always use pampers and i have all my friends with babies using them to .. my son sleeps 12 hours straight every night and he is 6 months and the baby dry diapers last all night with no leaks... and we love that we can get coupons for them from P&G brandsavers.com
Awesome! Love pampers baby dry. And well.ca has the fastest shipping around.
This product is great because it hold in the leaks, LAST for 12 hours and comes at a great price with the large box and the Baby Club option from Well.ca!
Great diapers! I love the blue strip-especially helpful for nana and papa!
Wonderful to have them arrive so quickly after ordering too!
The most economical package of diapers. Baby dry last my baby the whole night.
Love the baby dry. My son can go all night without being changed -which is great for both of us!! Having diapers delivered to your doorstep is amazing, especially when you're on maternity leave!
I purchased a few huge boxes of Pampers from your company for my daughter in law, her baby born Oct. 5, and she just loves them. She used Pampers for her first child, 8 yrs ago. I will be watching for specials coming on diapers to send to them. Thank you for the free delivery and excellent products. She also likes the Born Free bottles I got on sale from you...
Diapers delivered to my doorstep?! these are the things mothers dream of! This is my third baby to diaper and I have always found pampers to be superior over the competition! My sweet baby girl has no leaks through her 12HR nights sleep and we all wake up happy! THANKS PAMPERS AND WELL.CA!!
I love that these can keep babies skin dry for up to 12 hours. My 8 week old is already sleeping 10 hours, so it's nice to know that I don't need to worry about her delicate skin through the night.
Pampers are my fav. diaper!! They not only smell nice but they work best for my babies :)
love these diapers and won't use any other..they are leak proof and my baby boy is a huge eater and they have never let me down.
it is really good price when they offer you with the special discount. Also, well.ca offer free shipping all the time even this big item, I really love this, and I think you will for sure if you ever tried to carry these big item in your small car.
I love how easy it is to order diapers from Well.ca! When you have a little one and you're carting big boxes of diapers through a store, it gets difficult. Then you have to take them out of the car, etc. Having them come straight to my door with free shipping is a bonus!
love getting great deals on bulk products. Pampers are great diapers. with my twins we have to buy large or were always running out!
These are the only diapers that I find are leak-proof and comfortable. Most brands feel like paper, but Pampers are amazingly soft and flexible!
Great price , big box, and delivered right to your door. What more is there for a busy mom who doesn't drive. Thanks Well.ca!!
I love these Pampers BabyDry diapers. No leaks, no diaper rash and the economy size is just right. Well.ca is very fast, efficient and has great prices. The gift card during the diaper extraganza was a nice bonus as well!
With twin babies, the larger box of diapers comes in handy - best way to buy in bulk!
I found that Huggies brand diapers leaks and Pampers diapers rarely leak. Well.ca shipped very quickly. Great service!
Prefer Pampers over other brands that I have tried for my 2-month old girl, they fit well and doesn't leak as easily.
Great product selection, fast delivery to your door, no hassel. A great service for busy Mom's to have a great assortment of baby product to choose from. The FREEGIFT is just an added bonus. I will shop here again!
Great deals on well.ca, we are a pampers only family too, so to find them at such a price, boo-yah!
Can not do better than WELL. Great price, fast deelivery and free ..... no need to drive to get your Pampers. My son grew on Pampers and now my little princess
The prices compare to the generic brands (which leak way too often) at our local stores, and delivery was hassle free. I really like that there's no shipping charge so I don't feel pressured into purchasing more at once just to save on shipping.
Pampers have always been the best choice for us! And you can't beat this price!
This deal might not have been as cheap as say, Walmart. But it certainly was a good deal when I bought it under a wag jag promo with a $20 off.
Preferred diaper brand. I have found with both my kids that the diaper rashes have been minimally because of the absorbancy. No difference with girl or boy babies, pampers does well with either sex. I have learned my lesson from trying other brands and don't buy any other than Pampers!
The best diaper for babies 6mos+. Would love it more if the price is cheaper.
Love this product! Great price, easy shipping method and with the Baby Club, you get an even better deal!
Better than all the other brand... I try them all and Pampers are the only ones that keeps my baby dry all night long!
Love this product, definitely a "Pampers" only family....fits best on baby with minimal leaks. Price on Well.ca is competitive with local stores and most often better. Free shipping to my doorstep is incredibly convenient and very quick. This Momma is happy not having to lug around large boxes of diapers from a store to home anymore.
Incredible deal! I've been telling all go my friends to join this website if only for this deal (of course I boast about the hundreds of other deals here too!). Great fit, perfect price and I love the fact that the diapers are broken down into the pr diaper price...you know exactly what you're spending! The shipping is free and it comes straight to my house...with twins here, I really couldn't ask for more!
Best diapers fit my baby. no leaks. I am also happy with the price and delivery option offered by well.ca
Love Pampers....Loved purchasing from this site too...got the diapers delivered 2 days later right to the door, no need to get out and go shopping!
Great fit for my son, we have had some leaky diapers but that's expected...
Great diapers - only ones that work for my daughter and last through the night.
I really like these diapers and rarely have leaks. When well.ca has a sale on these diapers, it is the best price I've found. I really love getting them delivered directly to my door from well.ca!!
Always loved Pampers. However sometimes they do leak... not as bad as previous Huggies I used though. They would never hold enough! Love this super box for storing things once no longer filled with diapers and the quick home delivery free of charge from Well.ca is a HUGE bonus! I never run into a store to fight over the last box of diapers anymore!
These were the only diapers that baby didn't leak out of. Tried huggies, Kirkland and pampers swaddlers and none of them worked. Also love getting diapers delivered to the door.
awesome diapers and awesome service! diapers always show up in a few short days!
Love Well.ca and have been recommending it to all my friends for the best value for diapers in town!
Definitely our favourite brand of diaper - easy to use, snug fit helps prevent leaks, and very absorbent for nighttime. Well.ca has great prices and the free shipping is so convenient!
Consistently the best value for money. I can't find pampers anywhere else at this price point (and they deliver for free). I'll never buy diapers from anywhere else.
Love buying diapers through well.ca, price is great, shipping is free and it saves so much hassle!
I absolutely LOVE Pampers diapers. They are by far my favorite brand. Shopping on Well.ca was so convenient and easy. The diapers were delivered right to my door in a few days. It saves me from having to bundle the baby and go out and buy them.
Great product and value! Lowest price I have ever found! Delivered right to your door within days, would never buy diapers anywhere else!
Great product and value! Lowest price I have ever found! Delivered right to your door within days, would never buy diapers anywhere else!
Great deal and I use them for diaper cakes for all my friends and family having babies. Awesome deal!
as grandparents, its nice to give a good product to our grand-babies that is useful, very effective and at a great price!
Great product and the BEST price anywhere. I have a toddler and twins newborn boys and I am always on the hunt for a good deal - this is it! Pampers are the only brand we use and we use a lot of diapers. Fast shipping (3 business days to GTA).
Perfect gift for a baby shower - so useful for a new member of the family!
These diapers hold VERY well, no problems! :-). Great price for the huge box and awesome delivery! Only small item, is that the colour of the mid-point hash marks on the diaper to position your baby, are the same colour as my breastfed babies poo! lol. So when I check, it looks like some has spilled out, but it really hasn't.
We use washable diapers at home, but Pampers overnight and on the road. This large box has lasted us all summer. We've never had any leak issues with this size.
I love these diapers and that the sizes overlap. Makes it easy to move to the next size. Also, ordering them in the super-large box is fantastic.
I love pampers diapers, and I love this bigger box even more because with 2 kids using the same diaper size, a smaller box gets empty too fast!
bought when it was special. Good and you can save money and time when it is special. Recommend it
it is very good price for me, I love it very much, hope more this promotion
these diapers are really good, they fit good, dont leak and keep baby dry all night. also really happy with the web site delivery is fast and very convienient.
These are our favorite diapers. We've found they fit our skinny kids better than anything else out there.
i love pampers..I used them with my son and with another one on the way.I knew I would use pampers again:)...this was my first purchase on well.ca and will for sure be shopping here often...great prices and super fast delivery...thanks again!!!!
Doesn't absorb all the way with boys, but I have yet to find a diaper that does
Pampers have always been the preferred brand for our little family. They have consistently proven a reliable barricade to most calls of nature from "light wind with some precipitation' to 'severe storm damage and flooding with debris'.
Love pampers over any other brand on the market. Great customer service and a willingness to fix a problem with no questions or hassle.
Love this product! Great size, and keeps baby dry, esp so at night!
Also love that I can get it shipped without having to go to the store.
Pampers Baby Dry diapers aren't lying when they say 12 hour protection...really great product!
Baby Dry Diapers are good value. They are not easily available in the biggest size at other places. They are soft for kids and above all, don't leak :)
I find these diapers great for those over night sleeps. They hold up real well. no leaks.
This is my 5th or 6th box of pampers i have bought ... great diapers and great prices ..
Great diapers, size of box, value and free delivery!
What more can you ask for?
My son (2 mts) just started size 3, but it has a yellow sun on the back that is the same colour as my sons poop, so every time I see this out of the corner of my eye I think "oh no he leaked!" but it's just the yellow sun. =P
How can you go wrong with this? Pampers is all I use, and to get a big box at such a great price is fantastic!!! Great quality, great price!
Great diapers. We've tried the others, but have found that for our kids the Pampers just seem to work best. They surpress the odour of urine better than some of the others and they also are less likely to leak.
Will always use Pampers! They're great! Well.ca has them for a great price and the free delivery is even better. I order all my diapers from Well.ca because having a family of 5 means no room in the shopping cart for big boxes of diapers. The home delivery is super convenient.
These don't give my dd diaper rash like some others. They rarely leak (a few times at night but not often). We don't buy anything else.
Pampers work well for my little guy. No leaks. I love well.ca service, easy to deal with.
I love the Baby Dry diapers. I tried Cruisers, but these fit just as well, no leaks, and much better price than Cruisers.
These are the best diapers, I just love these as they are soft, don't leak, and are a great value. The service is great, quick shipping and saves me time, no need to go and pick these up at the store.
great diapers! never have any leaking problems with them and fast delivery is great for busy moms!
I alway's use these and i think they're very good, i've never really had a problem with them and they are always on offer in boots so you definitley getting value for money
Are you kidding me? I dare anyone to beat the price. And free delivery is a Godsend for Mom's on-the-go. Love, love, love.
I absolutely loved the size I could purchase on well.ca, can't get that size any where else. Also I find the customer service and shipping to be excellent. Will definitely keep using well.ca in future.
Pampers are our preferred diaper. Love the little line that tells us the level of wetness! As usual, well.ca provided prompt shipping. I'll recommend this service/ company to all my friends!
This is the only diaper that can get my boy through the night without waking up to a wet bed :) Awesome!!
I love the big box with how many you get. But when I switched from a size 1 to a 2, I notice that they tend to leak more out the backside. Still love 'em though!
swaddlers much softer. my baby is a 2 in swaddlers, 3 in baby dry. bought them for overnite - don't find they are any better - i prefer swaddlers
Swaddlers are softer on the inside, but baby dry seems less bulky. Size 3 fit my son longer than other size 3 brands.
I was a 1st time buyer on well.ca, I loved that is was such a large package and came with a bonus g/c. The product was great and the shipping was super quick, I will be a repeat buyer. A++ :)
We've tried different brands and lines of diapers in the last 28 months and have to agree that Pampers Baby Dry is the best. it's soft and baby feels comfy. It would be a 5* if it's not that pricey!
Love them! We tried other brands but my baby boy leaked out of every other kind! They unfold very nicely when you put them on as well which becomes very important when your baby starts to move!
Love Pampers, love getting themdelivered right to the door; boxes thisbig don't fit in te cart along with 3 kiddos!
These diapers work just fine but beware of the sizing! I was a Pampers Swaddlers user, and bought the same size in Baby Dry, for night time etc because the price is better. The Baby Dry size is much smaller. You might want to size up if you are doing the same.
I got this pack on sale and with free shipping, best price for the diapers that I got in a long while
pampers are good, but i like huggies better. pampers get full much faster and feel wet on the outside.
After trying numerous other diapers we have found these to be the very best for overnights. We have a very active 3 month old and nothing has ever leaked out despite being very full! On our second box now and she still loves them!
LOVE Papmer's Baby Dry, a much better diaper compaired to Swaddlers. I use them all day long.
Love love love pampers brand ! Well.ca allows me to get what I need for my baby in the fastest and most efficient way. Great product. Highly recommended :)
Have used this brand since day one and baby stays dry. Soft, absorbs great and are good through the night. Love ordering and they arrive at my house in days and a great value frome well.ca
This is the second time i have purchased diapers through well.ca and more than the fact that the price is awesome, i love the quick and efficient service provided by them! I will definitely purchase more items through them just for the convenience of it all :-)
I quite liked this large box of Pamper's Diapers for my first child. Purchased size one initially, now opted for size two as per my baby's growing needs. In both of the scenarios the free delivery and the prompt service from 'well.ca' has won my heart. Also I like to make a mention of the eco - friendly packing is a fantastic idea to care about our surrounding.
Good job !
Shall continue to shop more from Well.ca.
I LOVE papmers baby dry, it seems to be the only diaper that can keep my son's bum dry without leaking all over the place. Buying the big box helps me make sure I don't run out of diapers too quickly for a great price!
Everything about this went smooth. Love the free delivery, love the gigantic box (bought sz 4 pampers) and this is definitely the best diaper deal I've ever seen. I don't get too lucky to get a great deal shopping in stores, but, this is hands down a great price and a nice mega pack! Will definitely be buying my next box from well.ca, great experience!
I love Pampers. I love them even more when they are delivered to my door. Thanks well.ca!!
I love Pampers Baby Dry. Good absorption. Soft. Great price when it's on sale and speedy delivery from Well! Thank you.
Good diaper... It keeps everything in! When baby is having explosive no 2 just go up a size until the no 2 settles.
Same great diapers I always buy but in a MUCH more convenient size and at a MUCH lower price!
These can hold a lot! Worked the best for both my daughter and son without costing a fortune. Store brand ones leaked and some are not very soft. The more expensive ones are not worth the extra cost. Pampers Baby Dry is just right.
Also, best price per diaper with this large box, especially when on sale.
This is a great product at the affordable prices! Good job well.ca. ........
I looooove pampers, i wore them as a baby and my daughter now wears them. I also live the gifts to grow points! I will continue to purchase pampers for my lil one till shes potty trained : )
Great product and such a reasonable price. I love the conveniece of having it shipped to your home for free.
Love the amount for such a great price! And bonus it is shipped right to my door so fast!!
I love this product--it's the only brand I use. And Well.ca is so convenient. I ordered my diapers on a Monday and they arrived on my doorstep the NEXT day! Awesome!
I'm somewhat disappointed with this brand of pampers. My son is 5 weeks old and we have used only pampers swaddlers until I recently ordered pampers baby dry (largest box, which is fantastic that they offer now) I thought I would try the baby dry after reading such great reviews. The first thing I noticed is that the sizes are different when comparing the size 1 swaddlers and baby dry diapers. The baby dry diapers are noticabley smaller and can barely fit my son. I'm not sure if this would be the reason why the baby dry diapers always leak when my son has a bowel movement. It's very frustrating and I've had to spend a lot of time washing my son’s clothes. I now have over 200 baby dry diapers and had to purchase swaddlers again. I use the baby dry diapers at home and when going out I use the swaddlers.
On a side note... I'm very impressed with Well.ca and the speedy free delivery!
These diapers are the best- loved the attentiveness of Well.ca and speedy (and free) shipping- thanks!
Great value! fast and convienient shipping! Pampers is the way to go for babies who are on the go or known for blowouts! Pampers is the only brand I will buy
These are the only diapers that keep my twins dry all day and night! Before I started using them, I was changing sheets constantly. Not any more! Love that they show up on my doorstep too :)
Excellent deal - thank you. I also love the straight to my door shipping - so convenient.
I love these, I've never had a single blowout. They always fit right and my babe has such a tiny little bum sometimes it's hard to find diaper that are proportioned properly. And you really can't beat the price!
We've always used Pampers diapers after trying other brands and having them always leak. We've never had a problem with Pampers!
Great product! I only wish they had any other prints than just sesame street characters. My family is absolutely indifferent to them. And it's not like they have to invent something - we bought Pampers in Europe and they had an adorable farm animals prints. Why can't we have them here in Canada?!
I've occasionally tried other cheaper brands but always end up with "leakers". I find going one size up in pampers does the trick. I'm brand loyal... once I find something good PLUS great value shopping at well.ca.
We love these diapers! We have been using the 'Baby Dry' diapers since our son was born, and are thrilled by how they work. We have yet to have issues with any serious leakage, even overnight!
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Algonquin Provincial Park
Algonquin Park was formed in 1893. Its original primary purpose was as a timber reserve designed to keep forest-clearing settlers out of valuable timber lands. Preservation was only a secondary purpose. In 1896, lumber baron J.R. Booth completed the Ottawa, Arnpriror & Parry Sound railway (OA & PS) through the southern portion of the park. Though designed to haul timber logs out of the park, it allowed the vast expanse of Algonquin to be opened up for tourism. Highway 60 was completed in 1933, further opening the Park to visitors. The OA & PS railway was abandoned in 1947; logging was now becoming a tertiary purpose of the park.
Throughout the 1960s, the number of visitors to the park increased exponentially. Organized campgrounds were created and/or expanded. Today, Algonquin is primarily a nature reserve, although logging, including limited clearcutting, continues.
Algonquin's landscape consists of numerous small lakes (with a couple large ones, such as Lake Opeongo), rock outcroppings and rolling hills. Marshes and large swamps are scattered throughout the park, and can provide excellent wildlife viewing.
Flora and fauna
The Algonquin forest is actually not boreal, as most believe, but a mixture of deciduous and coniferous trees. This means that an increased biodiversity occurs. Though deer were once prominent throughout the park, the moose has largely replaced them. Moose frequently stand by the side of provincial Highway 60, eating swamp grasses in spring and summer, and can be seen licking salt off the roads in winter. Moose are the only large animal most people are likely to encounter. Many people may stumble across a spruce grouse on a trail in the early morning. These birds believe their camouflage is invincible, and you could get as close as 30 centimetres. There are small wolf and lynx populations in the isolated portions of the park. Some bears are known in the park. Algonquin lakes have sizable fish populations, but fishing is regulated in all lakes.
Not all of Algonquin's plants and animals are one you would like to have around you. In the southern reaches of the park (Below Highway 60), poison ivy is widespread. Be careful when bushwacking. From late April to Early June, the dreaded Blackfly is very active. These small insects will bite a chunk of skin off in order to get to the blood. They are known for their tendency to bite around the eyes, and occasionally an unfortunate human has to deal with a blackfly that has gone into the eye. Once the blackflies die off, they are replaced by mosquitoes. Both blackflies and mosquitoes can be easily fended off with DEET insect repellent.
Algonquin is not quite part of Northern Ontario, but it shares the typical climate for its region. Springtime in Algonquin is likely to be cool and wet. The summer climate of Algonquin is not uniform. Daily highs could range from 16°C to over 30. In summer, it can be humid throughout June and July, yet the humidity tapers off around August. During autumn, it is cool and dry. The winters are guaranteed to be snowy, cold and harsh. Be sure to plan for the weather you are likely to face.
Get in
There are only a few ways to get into Algonquin Park. The most obvious is by vehicle, via Highway 60. There are numerous places where you can leave your car while you enjoy either Algonquin's back country or the Highway 60 corridor. Algonquin can also be accessed by canoe, from various access points around the park. A less common way to get into Algonquin is by aeroplane. The only airfield is in the northern community of Brent, so if you are getting in by air your vehicle will most likely be a float plane capable of landing on water.
A permit is required to use the park's facilities. A daily permit costs $16, and it is good for only one day. An Ontario Parks season's pass costs $80, but can be used unlimited times at any provincial park in Ontario. If you plan on camping, either in an organized campground or a canoe/hike-in campsite, a campsite permit is required. These cost $22 for one day. For fishing, a fishing permit is required. These are issued by the Ontario Ministry of natural resources. They can be obtained at some locations in Algonquin. Costs for these permits fluctuate.
Get around
If you are exploring the Highway 60 corridor, the best way to get around is by vehicle. Some people use bicycles as well, and some even walk; but this is not recommended. Away from the corridor, the only way to get around most of the time is by canoe. Algonquin has an extensive canoe route system, with many portages and campsites. Be sure to obtain a canoe route map before you depart.
[add listing] See
There are many natural and historic sites in the Park. No trip to Algonquin is complete without seeing the abandoned OA & PS railroad bed, which is not only fascinating in itself but also passes by some interesting sites (abandoned train stations, logging depots, bridges, even the remains of a train derailment from the 1930s). The Brent Crater and Barron Canyon are both off of provincial highway 17, which runs north of the park. They will provide a fascinating hike.
[add listing] Do
[add listing] Buy
There is a gift shop in the Visitor's centre, but beyond that there is not much to buy in Algonquin Park. The Portage, Two Rivers and Opeongo stores provide camping, canoeing and other outfitting equipment. All stores tend to be overpriced, but you can occasionally find a good deal.
[add listing] Eat
There is a cafeteria in the Visitor's Centre, but the food is expensive and not of amazing quality. The store at Lake of Two Rivers campground offers "fast food" type meals and ice cream. The Portage Store on canoe lake has dine-in and take out food as well as a small convenience store and ice cream retailer. If you are staying overnight in Algonquin, it is highly recommended (and often necessary) that you bring your own food. You can cook over a fire (a fire-pit is provided in every campsite) or a lightweight camping stove (which you must provide). Please remember that glass bottles and cans are prohibited in all parts of the park, except for organized campgrounds. This ban applies to day visitors as well. There are three lodges in the park that offer meals, Arowhon, Killarney, and Bartlett Lodge, all accessible from Route 60. Meals are expensive but worth it. Reservations suggested.
[add listing] Drink
As always, remember that glass bottles and cans (soda cans as well) are banned in the park. Should drinks be packaged in such containers, pour them into a re-usable plastic bottle. It is highly recommended that you not drink straight out of the lakes. Bacteria and parasites are present. This is especially true for bogs and rivers. Prior to drinking the water, bring it to a full boil for 5 minutes or pass it through a filter.
[add listing] Sleep
In the park, it is most likely that you will be staying on a campsite. Remember, camping requires a permit which can be obtained at any Park office.
Leaving the Frank MacDougall Parkway zone where there is organized development, the chief reason for visiting Algonquin is accessing the park interior. There are 2000 km of canoeing routes in 7725 square kilometers of park. Located on the southern edge of the Canadian Shield, there are thousands of lakes and streams. All of the canoe routes involved portaging from lake to lake or stream. Portages range from 2 meters to 5 kilometers, averaging 500 meters. There are 29 entry points to interior routes. Portages are well maintained and marked with a yellow sign at each end. Camping is only permitted at designated Interior campsites. Each is marked by an orange sign. There are also 13 historic ranger cabins that can be rented in the interior. Loons and Mergansers are common on most lakes. Moose are occasional seen. Beaver and otters are fairly common. Both black bear and wolves live in the interior but are rarely seen. A detailed map of the Canoe Routes of Algonquin Provincial Park is published by the friends of Algonquin Park and widely available. An interior permit is required for camping in the interior. The current fee is $11.75 per person per night. A reservation fee of $9 is also charged. Many of the popular routes are heavily used and should be reserved in advance. When reserving a trip, you will need to specify the entry and exit points and where you plan to camp each night. Each campsite is limited to 9 persons. Reservations may be made 5 months in advance. For trip planning, call the Algonquin Park Information Office at 705-633-5572. For reservations, call 1-888-668-7275.
There are 3 backpacking trails, the Uplands, the Highland and the Eastern Pines backpacking trails, all accessed from Hywy 60. A brochure, Backpacking Trails of Algonquin Provincial Park is available.
There are three lodges in the park offering both resort-type lodging and meals. Arowhon Pines is located on Joe Lake off Hwy 60 at Km 15. Its central log dining room is a romantic place to eat. Killarney Lodge is located on Lake of Two Rivers, featuring both cabins and dining. Bartlett Lodge on Cache Lake is located on an island and reached by lodge ferry. There are both cabins and fine dining.
Stay safe
It is imperative that you obtain a canoe map prior to venturing out into Algonquin by canoe. Wandering into the Algonquin wilderness without a map is absolute suicide, unless you are very familiar with the park (i.e., you know Algonquin like the back of your hand). Be sure that when staying on a campsite, there are no dead trees in danger of falling. However, all campsites are dutifully maintained and the risk of being crushed by a falling tree is very, very low.
Remember also that logging still occurs in Algonquin. Logging trucks rumble up and down backcountry roads which are not shown on the map. If you come across a road that is not on the map, do not follow it unless you are hopelessly lost. Not only are they private, but they are narrow and a human will give way before a logging truck does.
Get out
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History
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Knowledge Article
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Support Cat Adoption and Rescue. Why go to a cat breeder or pet store to buy a cat when you can adopt?
||Contact this shelter/rescue group to see their pets for adoption.
Our Featured Cresco, IA Partner:
SNAP OF NE IA
Cat adoption saves lives. Adopt a cat and you'll have a friend for life!
Contact us, or contact another local humane society, animal shelter or SPCA.
Cities, Towns, and/or Counties We Serve:
We are located in NE IA. We focus on Cresco, IA first, but get calls from a 60 mile radius. We help whenever we can and refer people to others also.
We started out with a spay/neuter program with our goal of helping the stray cats. There was a need to save the city pound cats and then we stared fostering cats when we had foster homes available. We got our shelter license and 501c3. We volunteer because we want to save the animals and make the world a better place for them.
Come Meet our Pets:
We have held a few adoption opportunities this past year. We have spent a lot of time on education and promoting spay/neutering. We just started a Be Kind to Animals Program at the community learning center (166 kids), will have an educational event on SPAY DAY in Feb., gave Pet Meets Baby guides to the prenatal classes at the hospital, and donated educational books to the library recently. We have several events planned this year. Because we don't have an actual shelter, we use foster families. When we are short on foster families, we encourage families to hold on to their pets & we call it a courtesy listing, not a foster adoption.
Our Adoption Process:
We start with an application, do an at home visit and call vet references. If the people qualify to adopt, we have them sign a contract and follow up within a month of the adoption. We ask if the adopters can reimburse us for the medical expenses, with a minimum received of $55 for males and $75 for females. There is a spay/neuter agreement in the contract.
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Home & Hobbies
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About (Org.)
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i am a woman + i pronounce it "ammo"
May 12 '12
Stine Bramsen and drop earrings: a great, all too rarely seen, match.
[from left: someone, Anders B, Stine, Reinholdt, someone else]
Mar 30 '12
Earlier @khrystalmarie asked what’s my favourite out of all the ways Stine Bramsen from Alphabeat has worn her hair. And here is the answer :) I love the cut and the colour!
Mar 25 '12
Look! It’s a crappy screencap of @StineBramsen and some backup dancers on the Danish #XFactor on Saturday night! It’s taken from
this video of their performance (they did Vacation and then did The Spell with one of the contestants.)
Mar 11 '12
Loving @StineBramsen’s hair atm.
Click through to watch the video I capped this from.
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Fashion & Beauty
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Personal Blog
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Subsets and Splits
Topic Frequency in Train Set
Counts the frequency of each topic in the dataset, providing a basic understanding of topic distribution.