text
stringlengths
11
2.31k
simplified
stringlengths
12
2.51k
All four Galilean moons are bright enough that they could , if they were farther away from Jupiter , be sighted from Earth without a telescope .
All four Galilean moons are bright enough that they could , if they were farther away from Jupiter , be seen without a telescope .
For example , spatial heterogeneity is maintained , which means there will always be pockets of plants not found by herbivores .
There will always be pockets of plants not found by herbivores .
When an invasive herbivore or plant enters the system , the balance is thrown off and the diversity can collapse to a monotaxon system .
When an invasive herbivore or plant enters the system , the balance is thrown off and the diversity can change or even collapse .
Eating a second prey type helps herbivoresâ populations stabilize .
Eating a second plant type helps herbivoresâ populations stabilize .
When prey ( plants ) are numerous their predators ( herbivores ) increase in numbers , reducing the prey population , which in turn causes predator number to decline .
When prey ( plants ) are numerous their predators ( herbivores ) increase in numbers , reducing the plant population , which in turn causes herbivore number to decline .
This stabilizing dynamic plays an especially important role for specialist herbivores that feed on one species of plant and prevents these specialists from wiping out their food source .
This is especially important role for specialist herbivores that feeds on one by one species of plant : it prevents these specialists from wiping out their food source .
Dearborn is among a small number of municipalities that owns property in other cities ( the 626 a Camp Dearborn in Milford , Michigan , 35 m from Dearborn ) and is possibly unique in holding property in another state ( the Dearborn Towers apartment complex in Clearwater , Florida ) .
Dearborn is a city of the Detroit metropolitan area and Wayne County in the state of Michigan in the United States . Almost 98,000 people were living in Dearborn as of 2000 .
Winona is a city in and the county seat of Winona County , in the U.S. State of Minnesota .
Winona is a city in southeast Minnesota just west of the Mississippi River . Winona State University serves the region .
à le d'Yeu is an island and commune just off the Vendà e coast of western France .
à le d'Yeu is a commune .
This attracted much attention , and ultimately led to his being employed in studying and reporting on manufactures in different countries , and in 1788 to his appointment as inspector-general of the manufactures of France .
He was given job studying and reporting on manufacturing in different countries . In 1788 he became inspector-general of the industries of France .
Buffon 's Theory of the Earth interested him , and in 1753 he successfully competed for a prize by writing an essay on the ancient connection between England and France .
Buffon 's Theory of the Earth interested him , and in 1753 he won a prize by writing an essay on the ancient connection between England and France .
He died in Paris .
He died in Paris in 1815 .
An enlarged and improved edition of his map of the volcanic region of Auvergne was published after his death , in 1823 , by his son Anselme Gaà `` tan Desmarest ( 1784-1838 ) , who was distinguished as a zoologist , and author of memoirs on recent and fossil crustaceans .
In 1823 his son Anselme Gaà `` tan Desmarest published a new and better edition of his map .
Nicolas Desmarest ( 16 September 1725 -- 20 September 1815 ) was a French geologist .
Nicolas Desmarest ( 16 September 1725 â `` 20 September 1815 ) was a French geologist .
BÃ on is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France .
BÃ on is a commune .
Abdul Aziz Al Ghurair ( born 1 July 1954 ) of the United Arab Emirates , is the Chief Executive Officer of the publicly traded Mashreq Bank , the family 's most valuable holding , worth an estimated $ 8 billion .
Abdul Aziz Al Ghurair ( 1954 ) from the United Arab Emirates is the chief executive of the publicly traded MashreqBank . His family 's most valuable holding is worth an estimated $ 8 billion .
Gratz is a city in Owen County , Kentucky , United States .
Gratz is a city of Kentucky in the United States .
Ruffieu is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France .
Ruffieu is a commune .
The World Meteorological Organization retired two names in the spring of 1991 : Diana and Klaus . They were replaced in the 1996 season by Dolly and Kyle .
In the spring of 1991 Hurricane Diana and Klaus had there names replace by Dolly and Kyle in 1996 .
Names that were not assigned are marked in .
The names that did not get used are marked in .
It officially began on June 1 , 1990 , and lasted until November 30 , 1990 .
The 1990 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1 , 1990 , and lasted until November 30 , 1990 .
The following names were used for named storms that formed in the north Atlantic in 1990 .
This is the names that were set aside for 1990 .
The Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1 , but activity in 1990 began five days earlier with the formation of Tropical Depression One on May 25 .
The 1990 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1 , 1990 , and lasted until November 30 , 1990 . However storms can form outside these dates for example , Tropical Depression One form on May 25 .
The integumentary system ( From Latin integumentum , from integere ` to cover ' ; from in - + tegere ` to cover ' ) is the organ system that protects the body from damage , comprising the skin and its appendages ( including hair , scales , feathers , and nails ) .
Skin , hair , scales , feathers and nails make up the integumentary system .
They are very common in hill forests and urban gardens within its range .
They are very common in many hill forests and urban gardens .
The Red-whiskered Bulbul ( Pycnonotus jocosus ) is a passerine bird found in Asia .
The Red-whiskered Bulbul ( Pycnonotus jocosus ) is a species of bird .
It has been introduced in many tropical areas of the world where populations have established themselves .
It has been introduced in many tropical areas of the world .
It feeds on fruits and small insects and they conspicuously perch on trees and their calls are a loud three or four note call .
It feeds on fruits and small insects . Their calls are loud .
It is a resident frugivore found mainly in tropical Asia .
It is found mainly in tropical Asia .
It provides a two - to three-page summary of the demographics , geography , communications , government , economy , and military of 267 entities including U.S.-recognized countries , dependencies , and other areas in the world .
The Factbook provides a two - to three-page summary of the demographics , geography , communications , government , economy , and military of 272 countries , dependencies , and other areas in the world .
The World Factbook ( ISSN ; also known as the CIA World Factbook ) is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States with almanac-style information about the countries of the world .
The World Factbook , also known as the CIA World Factbook , is a book that contains the Central Intelligence Agency 's information about the world 's countries .
The last Merrie Melodies cartoon was also the last released by Warner Bros. . Cartoons as part of the original series begun in the 1930s .
Merrie Melodies is the name of a series of animated cartoons distributed by Warner Bros. .
Because of the success of their Looney Tunes series , Warner Bros. decided to develop a new series of animated musical shorts called Merrie Melodies .
The sister series to Warner 's Looney Tunes , Merrie Melodies were originally one-shot musical cartoon shorts before gradually featuring recurring characters .
He is the earliest Greek poet who claims explicitly to be writing for future generations , creating `` fame that will reach all of Greece , and never die while the Greek kind of songs survives . ''
He is the earliest Greek poet who claims explicitly to be writing for future generations , creating `` fame that will reach all of Greece , and never die while the Greek kind of songs survives '' .
Xenophanes of Colophon ( Ancient Greek : ; c. 570 â `` c. 475 BC ) was a Greek philosopher , theologian , poet , and social and religious critic .
Xenophanes of Colophon , c. 570 â `` c. 475 BC , was a Greek philosopher , poet , and social and religious critic .
Xenophanes ' surviving writings display a skepticism that became more commonly expressed during the fourth century .
Xenophanes ' surviving writings display a skepticism that became more commonly expressed during the 4th century BC .
He cleverly satirized the polytheistic beliefs of earlier Greek poets and of his own contemporaries : `` Homer and Hesiod '' one fragment states , `` have attributed to the gods all sorts of things that are matters of reproach and censure among men : theft , adultery , and mutual deception . ''
He satirized the polytheistic beliefs of earlier Greek poets and of his own contemporaries . `` Homer and Hesiod '' one fragment states , `` have attributed to the gods all sorts of things that are matters of reproach and censure among men : theft , adultery , and mutual deception '' .
Sextus Empiricus reported that such observations were appreciated by Christian apologists .
Sextus Empiricus reported that such ideas were savored by Christian apologists .
To judge from these , his elegiac and iambic poetry criticized and satirized a wide range of ideas , including Homer and Hesiod , the belief in the pantheon of anthropomorphic gods and the Greeks ' veneration of athleticism .
To judge from these , his poetry criticized and satirized a wide range of ideas . This included Homer and Hesiod , the belief in the pantheon of anthropomorphic gods and the Greeks ' veneration of athleticism .
Knowledge of his views comes from fragments of his poetry , surviving as quotations by later Greek writers .
Our knowledge of his views comes from fragments of his poetry , surviving as quotations by later Greek writers .
The J. League Division 1 or J1 League is the top division of Japan Professional Football League and is the top professional association football league in Japan .
J. League Division 1 is a football league which is top division in Japan .
Daniel Grayling `` Dan '' Fogelberg ( August 13 , 1951 â `` December 16 , 2007 ) was an American singer-songwriter , composer , and multi-instrumentalist , whose music was inspired by sources as diverse as folk , pop , rock , classical , jazz , and bluegrass music .
Daniel Grayling `` Dan '' Fogelberg ( August 13 , 1951 â `` December 16 , 2007 ) was an American singer , songwriter and multi-instrumentalist , whose music was inspired by sources as diverse as folk , pop , classical , jazz , and bluegrass music .
During most of the 20th century , troodontid fossils were few and scrappy and they have therefore been allied , at various times , with many dinosaurian lineages .
During most of the 20th century , troodontid fossils were few and scrappy and they have therefore been linked , at various times , with many dinosaurian lineages .
Anatomical studies , particularly studies of the most primitive troodontids , like Sinovenator , demonstrate striking anatomical similarities with Archaeopteryx and primitive dromaeosaurids , and demonstrate that they are relatives comprising a clade called Paraves .
Anatomical studies , particularly studies of the most primitive troodontids , like Sinovenator , demonstrate striking anatomical similarities with Archaeopteryx and primitive dromaeosaurs , and demonstrate that they are relatives . The clade is called ` Paraves ' .
She is best known to modern audiences for her television roles as Sue Ann Nivens on The Mary Tyler Moore Show and Rose Nylund on The Golden Girls .
She acted as Sue Ann Nivens in The Mary Tyler Moore Show and as Rose Nylund in the television sitcom The Golden Girls .
Betty White Ludden ( born January 17 , 1922 ) , better known as Betty White , is an American actress , comedian , author , and former game show host .
jpg thumb ( 471x600 ) px right Betty White ) ) Betty White is a comedian , author and actress . She was born January 17 , 1922 in Oak Park , Illinois .
Fernando Rech ( born March 13 , 1974 in Caxias do Sul , Brazil ) is a Brazilian former football ( soccer ) player .
Fernando Rech ( born 13 March 1974 ) is a former Brazilian football player .
Devil 's food cake is a moist , airy , rich chocolate layer cake .
The Devil 's food cake is an old fashioned chocolate cake made of chocolate or cocoa and baking powder . It is moist , soft , rich , and very good for keeping .
A similar cake , the red velvet cake , is closely linked to a devil 's food cake , and in some turn of the century cookbooks the two names may have been interchangeable .
The Devil 's Food Cake may also be called a Red velvet cake .
Devil 's food cake is generally more moist and airy than other chocolate cakes , and often uses cocoa as opposed to chocolate for the flavor as well as coffee . The lack of melted chocolate and the addition of coffee is typically what distinguishes a ` devil 's food cake ' from a chocolate cake , though some recipes call for all , resulting in an even richer chocolate flavor .
The Devil 's food cake is an old fashioned chocolate cake made of chocolate or cocoa and baking powder .
The FSF maintains a list of `` high priority projects '' to which the Foundation claims that `` there is a vital need to draw the free software community 's attention '' .
The FSF maintains a list of `` high priority projects '' where the Foundation says that `` there is a vital need to draw the free software community 's attention '' .
; The Free Software Directory : This is a listing of software packages which have been verified as free software .
; The Free Software Directory : This is a listing of software packages which are free software .
The FSF holds the copyrights on various essential pieces of the GNU system , such as GNU Compiler Collection .
The FSF holds the copyrights on many important pieces of the GNU system , such as the GCC .
As copyright holder , it has exclusive authority to enforce the GNU General Public License ( GPL ) when copyright infringement occurs on that software .
As a copyright holder , it has the power to enforce the GNU General Public License ( GPL ) when copyright infringement occurs on that software .
The organization developed the GNU operating system as an example of this .
The organization created the GNU operating system as an example of this .
The FSF considers these projects `` important because computer users are continually being seduced into using non-free software , because there is no adequate free replacement . ''
The FSF says these projects are `` important because computer users are continually being seduced into using non-free software , because there is no adequate free replacement . ''
From its founding until the mid-1990s , FSF 's funds were mostly used to employ software developers to write free software for the GNU Project .
From its founding ( when it started ) until the 1990s , FSF 's funds were mostly used to employ software developers to write free software for the GNU Project .
While other copyright holders of other software systems adopted the GPL as their license , FSF was the only organization to regularly assert its copyright interests on software so licensed until Harald Welte launched gpl-violations .
While other copyright holders of other software systems used the GPL as their license , FSF was the only organization to regularly assert its copyright interests on software licensed under the GPL until Harald Welte created gpl-violations .
They also sponsor some free software projects that are deemed to be `` high-priority '' .
They sponsor also some free software projects that are deemed to be `` high-priority '' .
The Free Software Foundation ( FSF ) is a non-profit corporation founded by Richard Stallman on 4 October 1985 to support the free software movement , a copyleft-based movement which aims to promote the universal freedom to create , distribute and modify computer software .
The Free Software Foundation ( FSF ) is a non-profit corporation founded by Richard Stallman on 4 October 1985 to support the free software movement , a copyleft-based movement which tries to promote the universal freedom to distribute and modify computer software without restriction .
Defective by Design is an FSF-initiated campaign against DRM .
Defective by Design is an FSF campaign against DRM .
; GNU licenses : The GNU General Public License ( GPL ) is a widely used license for free software projects .
; GNU licenses : The GNU General Public License ( GPL ) is a popular license for free software projects .
The FSF is incorporated in Massachusetts , USA .
The FSF was started in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts , United States of America .
Each package entry contains 47 pieces of information such as the project 's homepage , developers , programming language , etc. .
Each package entry contains 47 pieces of information such as the project 's homepage , developers and programming language .
In late 2001 , Bradley M. Kuhn ( then Executive Director ) , with the assistance of Moglen , David Turner , and Peter T. Brown , formalized these efforts into FSF 's GPL Compliance Labs .
In late 2001 , Bradley M. Kuhn ( then Executive Director ) , with the help of Moglen , David Turner , and Peter T. Brown , turned these efforts into FSF 's GPL Compliance Labs .
; Political campaigns : FSF sponsors a number of campaigns against what it perceives as dangers to software freedom , including software patents , digital rights management ( which the FSF has re-termed `` digital restrictions management '' , as part of their effort to highlight their view that such technologies are `` designed to take away and limit your rights , '' ) and user interface copyright .
; Campaigns : FSF sponsors a number of campaigns against what it thinks as dangers to software freedom , including software patents , digital rights management ( which the FSF has called `` digital restrictions management '' , as part of their effort to highlight their view that such technologies are `` designed to take away and limit your rights , '' ) and user interface copyright .
During 2003 and 2004 , FSF put substantial advocacy effort into responding to the lawsuit and quelling its negative impact on the adoption and promotion of free software .
During 2003 and 2004 , FSF put a lot of advocacy effort into responding to the lawsuit and removing its negative impact on the adoption and promotion of free software .
In March 2003 , SCO filed suit against IBM alleging that IBM 's contributions to various free software , including FSF 's GNU , violated SCO 's rights .
In March 2003 , SCO filed suit against IBM alleging ( saying ) that IBM 's contributions to some free software , including FSF 's GNU , violated SCO 's rights .
When Jolene became pregnant with Jack , she ( in desperate need of money ) had her embryo surgically removed and sold it to the highest bidder .
When Jolene became pregnant with Jack , she , in desperate need of money , had her embryo surgically removed and sold it to the highest bidder .
A drawback of ADAM is that a user must take regular infusions or suffer mental and physical degeneration .
A drawback of ADAM is that a user must take regular infusions or suffer mental and physical problems .
Frank Fontaine established charity organizations to support the underclass .
Frank Fontaine created charity organizations to support the underclass .
One such advancement was ADAM , stem cells harvested from a previously unknown species of sea slug , which were discovered by Dr. Bridgette Tenenbaum to have the ability to regenerate damaged tissue and rewrite the human genome .
Scientists also made ADAM , stem cells harvested from an unknown species of sea slug , which were discovered by Dr. Bridgette Tenenbaum to have the ability to heal damaged tissue and rewrite the human genome .
An Irishman named Atlas uses the service radio found in the bathysphere to assist Jack in making his way to safety .
An Irishman named Atlas uses the service radio found in the bathysphere to help Jack in making his way to safety .
Tenenbaum narrates what occurred , condemning Jack and his actions , voice thick with anger and contempt .
Tenenbaum narrates what occurred , angry Jack and his actions , voice thick with anger .
She had not realized it was Frank Fontaine who purchased the son , leading to her death by an enraged Ryan .
She had not realized it was Frank Fontaine who purchased the son , leading to her death by an angry Ryan .
Ryan further reveals that , after purchasing Jack 's embryo , Fontaine designed him to obey orders that are preceded by the specific phrase `` Would you kindly ... '' . Jack was then sent to the surface when the war started to put him beyond Ryan 's reach .
Ryan further reveals that , after purchasing Jack 's embryo , Fontaine made him to obey orders when he is told `` Would you kindly ... '' Jack was then sent to the surface when the war started to put him beyond Ryan 's reach .
BioShock is set during 1960 , in Rapture , a fictional underwater dystopian city .
BioShock is set during 1960 , in Rapture , a fictional underwater city .
Eventually , after completing tasks throughout Rapture ( like saving an artificial forest from dying and helping an insane artist build his sculpture ) , Jack confronts Ryan , who is casually playing golf in his office .
Eventually , after completing tasks like saving an artificial forest from dying and helping an insane artist build his sculpture , Jack confronts Ryan in his office , who is playing golf .
Fontaine , having been cornered , injects himself with vast amounts of ADAM and becomes an inhuman monster .
Fontaine , having been cornered , injects himself with huge amounts of ADAM and becomes an monster .
Ryan reveals a truth that he has pieced together : Jack was actually born in Rapture just two years ago , genetically modified to mature rapidly .
Ryan reveals a truth that he has pieced together .
When it becomes clear to Fontaine that he is losing control of Jack , Fontaine points out the peculiar fact that Tenenbaum has survived both World War II as a Holocaust victim and the battle in Rapture , insinuating that she has a secret agenda of her own .
When it becomes clear to Fontaine that he is losing control of Jack , Fontaine points out the fact that Tenenbaum has survived both World War II as a Holocaust victim and the battle in Rapture , hinting that she has a secret agenda of her own .
Jack battles Fontaine , eventually prevailing and allowing the Little Sisters to subdue and extract the ADAM from Fontaine , killing him .
Jack battles Fontaine , eventually beating and allowing the Little Sisters to take the ADAM from Fontaine , killing him .
His motives were far from altruistic ; his ultimate goal was to use his charity organizations to manipulate the underclass .
His goal was to use his charity organizations to manipulate the poor .
Just as Jack and Atlas reach the bay where it is located , Ryan has it destroyed ; an enraged Atlas asks Jack to kill Ryan .
Just as Jack and Atlas reach the bay where it is located , Ryan has it destroyed ; an angry Atlas asks Jack to kill Ryan .
Dr. Tenenbaum and her Little Sisters help Jack escape through the vent system , where he falls and loses consciousness . When Jack awakens , Dr. Tenenbaum has already deactivated some of his conditioned responses ( such as the trigger phrase itself ) and assists him in breaking the remaining ones , among them one that would have eventually stopped his heart .
When Jack awakens , Dr. Tenenbaum has already turned off the trigger phrase .
He tried to overthrow Ryan , but the revolt was violently crushed and Fontaine was reportedly killed .
He tried to overthrow Ryan , but the revolt was violently crushed and Fontaine was said to be dead .
After surfacing , Jack finds himself the only survivor of the crash , and swims to a nearby towering lighthouse on an island , where he finds a bathysphere which he uses to descend into the ocean and enter the city of Rapture .
After surfacing , Jack finds himself the only survivor of the crash , and swims to a nearby lighthouse on an island , where he finds a bathysphere which he uses to sink into the ocean and enter the city of Rapture .
He also established a smuggling operation to supply citizens with forbidden items from the surface , such as religious material .
He also made a smuggling operation to supply citizens with forbidden items from the surface , such as religious material .
The city was secretly built in 1946 on a mid-Atlantic seabed , utilizing submarine volcanoes to provide geothermal power .
The city was secretly built in 1946 on a mid-Atlantic seabed , using submarine volcanoes to give geothermal power .
As the war disrupted production and supply , every ADAM user in the city eventually went violently insane .
As the war hurt production and supply , every ADAM user in the city went violently insane .
Overhearing Atlas ' words , Dr. Tenenbaum , the creator of the Little Sisters , intercepts Jack , and urges him to save the Little Sisters instead , giving him a plasmid that will displace the embedded sea slugs in each Sister .
Overhearing Atlas ' words , Dr. Tenenbaum intercepts Jack , and urges him to save the Little Sisters instead , giving him a plasmid that will displace the embedded sea slugs in each Sister .
Scientific progress flourished in Rapture , leading to rapid developments in engineering and biotechnology thanks in part to the brilliant scientists that Ryan brought to the city .
Scientific progress grew in Rapture , leading to fast developments in engineering and biotechnology thanks in part to the brilliant scientists that Ryan brought to the city .
Ian Holland McCall ( born 30 September 1964 , in Dumfries ) is a Scottish former footballer and is the manager of First Division side Partick Thistle .
Ian Holland McCall ( born September 30 1964 in Dumfries , Scotland ) is a former Scottish footballer and currently the manager of First Division side Partick Thistle .
The Grimsby & Immingham Electric Railway was an electric tramway linking Grimsby with the port of Immingham in Lincolnshire , England .
The Grimsby & Immingham Electric Railway was an electric tramway network linking the township of Grimsby and the then village of Immingham in Lincolnshire .
It is probably best described by the American term `` interurban '' as it ran on reserved track rather that through the streets .
It is probably best described by the American term `` Inter-Urban '' as it links the places in its title by a reserved way rather than through the streets .
The initial Thunder crest was a soccer ball with a thunderbolt crossing it followed by the text `` Minnesota Thunder . ''
Minnesota Thunder is a soccer club which plays in United States .
BoŠkov has 58 inhabitants and 2,0825 km .
58 people live in BoŠkov and it has 2,0825 km .
BoÅ kov is small village near Herà lec in the HavlÃ Ä kÅ v Brod District , VysoÄ ina Region of the Czech Republic .
BoÅ kov is a small village near Herà lec in the HavlÃ Ä kÅ v Brod District , VysoÄ ina Region of the Czech Republic .
Klaus Allofs ( born 5 December 1956 in DÃ 1\/4 sseldorf ) is a retired German footballer , who played as a striker .
Klaus Allofs ( born 5 December , 1956 ) is a former German football player .
Perhaps the closest synonym is plant community , but vegetation can , and often does , refer to a wider range of spatial scales than that term does , including scales as large as the global .
Vegetation can refer to a wide range of spatial scales .