shivank21/arc_easy_subset · Datasets at Hugging Face

id stringlengths 8 22	question stringlengths 18 666	choices sequence	answerKey stringclasses 8 values	source_config stringclasses 1 value
Mercury_SC_401629	Which tools are used to determine the boiling point of water?	{ "text": [ "hot plate and stopwatch", "thermometer and balance", "hot plate and thermometer", "balance and graduated cylinder" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
MEA_2010_8_2	According to scientists, donkeys and horses share a common ancestor. Which evidence shows that the two organisms are related?	{ "text": [ "Both are tall.", "Both run fast.", "They have the same diet.", "They have the same bones in their limbs." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
ACTAAP_2007_7_30	Which best describes a scientific theory?	{ "text": [ "It is still being tested.", "It is true, once written.", "It is different for each continent.", "It is determined in a court of law." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_406709	An octopus releases black ink into the water when feeling threatened. What does this most likely help an octopus do?	{ "text": [ "find shelter", "hunt for food", "swim faster", "escape enemies" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
ACTAAP_2009_7_5	Which investigation might be used to demonstrate potential energy?	{ "text": [ "Roll one ball toward another, and see what happens when they collide.", "Place a glass of water in the freezer, and see how long the water takes to become solid.", "Compress a spring by different amounts, and see how far it can launch a ball into the air.", "Roll a ball from the top of an inclined plane and determine the amount of time it takes to get to the bottom." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_402261	Which type of energy is carried through a metal cable?	{ "text": [ "light", "chemical", "electrical", "nuclear" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7194495	Scientists have observed that, even within the same nest, some young birds call louder than others. Which describes how a louder cry helps to ensure survival?	{ "text": [ "Lung capacity is increased.", "Exposure to bacteria is increased.", "Parents are able to identify the nest.", "Parents respond by giving more food." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_411070	A train travels at a rate of 13 meters per second (m/s). Over the next 60 seconds, the speed of the train increases to speed to 22 m/s. What is the average rate of acceleration of the train?	{ "text": [ "0.15 m/s^2", "0.21 m/s^2", "0.36 m/s^2", "0.58 m/s^2" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
TAKS_2009_8_11	When a butterfly emerges from its chrysalis, its wings are crumpled. In order to expand its wings, the butterfly hangs upside down, causing fluid to be pumped into the veins of its wings. This pumping most likely expands the wings by	{ "text": [ "increasing the pressure inside the wings", "decreasing the density of the wings", "increasing the temperature inside the wings", "decreasing the mass of the wings" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
VASoL_2008_5_26	Which of these are the deepest parts of the ocean?	{ "text": [ "Continental shelves", "Continental slopes", "Ocean trenches", "Abyssal plains" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
MEAP_2005_8_33	When soil becomes saturated during rainfall, excess water begins to collect on the surface. Downslope movement of this excess water to rivers, lakes, and streams is called	{ "text": [ "runoff.", "filtration.", "groundwater.", "condensation." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_405734	A student wants to find out whether storms with lightning produce more rain than storms without lightning. Which is the best way to answer this question?	{ "text": [ "average the amount of rain that fell during a lightning storm", "count number of lightning strikes during a one-hour period", "record rainfall amounts in storms with and without lightning", "calculate the number of fires that are caused by lightning strikes" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_400806	The electrical charge of the nucleus of an atom is +12. How many electrons does the atom have in its neutral state?	{ "text": [ "6", "12", "18", "24" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
MCAS_2006_9_13-v1	Which of the following colors of visible light has the longest wavelength?	{ "text": [ "red", "blue", "green", "orange" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_406070	A student is pouring equal amounts of water, maple syrup, and cooking oil into a glass beaker and looking at how the layers settle. Which property of the liquids is the student most likely comparing?	{ "text": [ "density", "mass", "temperature", "volume" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_401358	Which substance is magnetic and conducts heat?	{ "text": [ "wood", "plastic", "iron", "paper" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_177223	In a classroom demonstration, a teacher pours sulfuric acid on some granulated sugar in a beaker. The sugar turns yellow and then black. Smoke rises and a strong smell is released. This demonstration is an example of what kind of change?	{ "text": [ "chemical", "physical", "magnetic", "electric" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7145950	The average car uses about 25% of the available energy in each gallon of gasoline. The energy not used to run the car is released as heat and sound. Which statement best describes this occurrence?	{ "text": [ "Energy conversion reduces efficiency.", "Energy is destroyed at high temperatures.", "Energy loss increases the order in a system.", "Energy levels increase as conversions take place." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
ACTAAP_2010_5_8	Fossils of sea animals were found in a cave in Arkansas. What does this mean about that area of Arkansas in the past?	{ "text": [ "It was once underwater.", "It was once much warmer.", "It has become a rockier place.", "It has changed little from then." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_408782	Windmills are used to obtain usable energy from wind. Which would be an advantage of using a windmill?	{ "text": [ "Windmills are expensive to build.", "The wind does not blow all the time.", "Pollution is not created by windmills.", "Populations of birds can be reduced by windmills." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
NYSEDREGENTS_2013_8_21	Herbivores obtain most of their energy by	{ "text": [ "consuming animals", "consuming plants", "producing sugar", "absorbing sunlight" ], "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ] }	2	ARC-Easy
MCAS_2005_8_27	In producing an automobile, which of the 27 following is the best use of a robot?	{ "text": [ "to perform repetitive tasks", "to determine the trunk space", "to demonstrate passenger comfort", "to perform quality control inspections" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_408620	All organisms depend on the transfer of energy to survive. Which best shows the energy transfer between animals in a shoreline ecosystem?	{ "text": [ "Fish -> Plants -> Birds", "Plants -> Birds -> Fish", "Plants -> Fish -> Birds", "Fish -> Birds -> Plants" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7084088	When a conclusion is reached after an experiment, which is most likely the first step other scientists might take when checking the conclusion?	{ "text": [ "propose different conclusions from the same data", "study the data to evaluate the conclusion", "change current models to fit the conclusion", "develop new technologies based on the conclusion" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7136150	In humans, digestion begins in the mouth. The complete process of digestion occurs with the help of many different parts of the body. Which term best identifies the parts of the body that carry out the function of digestion?	{ "text": [ "an organ", "an organism", "a system", "a tissue" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7283343	Meiosis is necessary for which reproductive event to occur?	{ "text": [ "vegetative budding", "binary fission", "cloning", "fertilization" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_416502	Which cellular organelle modifies fatty acids?	{ "text": [ "chloroplast", "mitochondrion", "Golgi complex", "endoplasmic reticulum" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_400035	Which tool is best to use when comparing an animal cell to a plant cell?	{ "text": [ "balance", "compass", "microscope", "thermometer" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
MCAS_2005_5_8	Which of the following objects is probably the most flexible?	{ "text": [ "a ceramic dish", "a wooden block", "a short steel rod", "a new rubber hose" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
VASoL_2010_3_6	Why is it important to protect soil?	{ "text": [ "It covers the bedrock layer in the earth.", "It has nutrients used by plants to grow.", "It holds many harmful pollutants.", "It dries quickly in sunlight." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_LBS10266	If the results of an experiment do not support the hypothesis, the scientist will most likely do all of the following except	{ "text": [ "check for errors in the experimental procedure.", "repeat the experiment.", "change data to support the hypothesis.", "ask new questions." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7227903	HIV makes the body vulnerable to secondary infections by targeting	{ "text": [ "macrophages.", "helper T-cells.", "cells.", "killer T-cells." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7001435	Which of these is an example of a chemical reaction?	{ "text": [ "storing milk by putting it into the freezer", "milk turning sour when left in a warm place", "mixing milk into a glass with chocolate powder", "allowing milk to evaporate, leaving behind powdered milk" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
AKDE&ED_2012_8_7	Which statement best describes how the circulatory system and respiratory system can work together?	{ "text": [ "Toxins are removed from the bloodstream by the liver.", "The stomach signals for the production of gastric juices.", "Food molecules are transported to the organs of the body.", "Gases are exchanged between the lungs and blood vessels." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_400556	What can be inferred from a food product advertisement that claims "30% less fat than our leading competitors"?	{ "text": [ "It is a sugar-free product.", "It will help a person lose weight.", "It is the healthiest choice available.", "The fat content of the item is reduced." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
NYSEDREGENTS_2013_8_40	People often wear sunglasses in polar regions because most of the sunlight that strikes a snow-covered surface is	{ "text": [ "reflected", "absorbed", "refracted", "transmitted" ], "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ] }	1	ARC-Easy
TIMSS_1995_8_I16	A metal spoon, a wooden spoon, and a plastic spoon are placed in hot water. After 15 seconds, which spoon will feel hottest?	{ "text": [ "The metal spoon", "The wooden spoon", "The plastic spoon", "The three spoons will feel the same." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7123305	Some scientists study images of very distant celestial bodies. Where is the best location for the types of telescopes that can provide the scientists with the clearest images.	{ "text": [ "at sea level", "in outer space", "on mountain tops", "at higher latitudes" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_400518	A geologist found several types of seashell fossils in a rock layer. Which is the best conclusion about the rock layer?	{ "text": [ "The rock was once buried under a swamp.", "Water from a river washed across the rock.", "The rock was once sediment at the bottom of an ocean.", "Migrating animals dropped the seashell into the rock." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_408436	Jonathon was studying bears. He found out that bears are born with some behaviors and learn others from their environment. Which behavior does a bear most likely inherit?	{ "text": [ "how to find food in garbage cans", "how to hibernate during the winter", "how to seek shelter in a hollow log", "how to live in human neighborhoods" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
MCAS_2012_8_23645	Leather basketballs are made for indoor use on smooth surfaces. Rubber basketballs are made for use on many different surfaces. Which of the following properties of rubber makes it better than leather for use on many different surfaces?	{ "text": [ "Rubber is durable.", "Rubber is lightweight.", "Rubber is dark in color.", "Rubber is quickly produced." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_400529	Meadow voles are small mouse-like animals that eat plants and insects. Their niche in an ecosystem is a	{ "text": [ "omnivore.", "herbivore.", "producer.", "scavenger." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_400851	A tree is a renewable resource because it can be	{ "text": [ "burned in a fire.", "made into lumber.", "eaten by some organisms.", "replaced with a newly planted tree." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_416579	A euglena has a flagellum and a paramecium has cilia. Both types of organelles help these organisms move through the water. However, a paramecium can also use its cilia to perform another task. What is this task?	{ "text": [ "obtain food", "defend the cell", "attach to a surface", "perform conjugation" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7141733	A carpenter rubs sandpaper on a wooden bench to make the bench smoother. The sandpaper will get warm as it is rubbed on the bench. As a result of the friction between the sandpaper and the bench, thermal energy is converted to	{ "text": [ "chemical energy that is stored by the sandpaper.", "radiant energy that is transferred to the bench.", "potential energy that is stored by the wood.", "heat energy that is transferred to the air." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
MSA_2015_5_34	Students measured how long it took for an ice cube to melt. Which measurement best represents how long it took for the ice cube to melt?	{ "text": [ "20° Celsius", "40 grams", "60 milliliters", "80 seconds" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_LBS10591	Which is most likely to cause an organism to become endangered or extinct?	{ "text": [ "habitat loss", "behavioral changes", "increased reproduction rate", "altered migration patterns" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
NCEOGA_2013_8_32	Which is the best way to help prevent the flu from becoming a pandemic?	{ "text": [ "getting a vaccination", "taking antibiotics", "eating fruits and vegetables", "washing hands often" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7016695	How does the buying and selling of a popular species of rainforest animal as pets have a negative effect on the rainforest ecosystem?	{ "text": [ "The rate of photosynthesis may decrease.", "There is a probability of genetic variability.", "The number of symbiotic relationships increases.", "It could lead to the potential extinction of those animals." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
NYSEDREGENTS_2012_4_3	Which Earth movement results in day and night?	{ "text": [ "erosion", "deposition", "revolution", "rotation" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_177485	What is the name of a circuit in which the current splits at the junctions?	{ "text": [ "closed circuit", "parallel circuit", "series circuit", "short circuit" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
NAEP_2009_4_S11+1	Which material is the best conductor of electricity?	{ "text": [ "Wood", "Metal", "Stone", "Plastic" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_414146	Which four elements make up most of the human body?	{ "text": [ "oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen", "silicon, calcium, oxygen, aluminum", "carbon, sodium, hydrogen, oxygen", "sulfur, phosphorous, calcium, nitrogen" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_180390	Which of the following are narrow belts of strong winds found in the upper troposphere?	{ "text": [ "doldrums", "westerlies", "trade winds", "jet streams" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
TIMSS_2003_4_pg12	The fossils of dinosaurs that lived millions of years ago can be found in	{ "text": [ "the water of oceans.", "the ice on ponds.", "the trunks of trees.", "rocks in the ground." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
ACTAAP_2012_7_14	Which layer of the atmosphere contains about 75% of the gasses and almost all of the water vapor?	{ "text": [ "troposphere", "stratosphere", "mesosphere", "thermosphere" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_189753	The Earth's equator receives more direct sunlight than the regions to its north and south. This distribution of sunlight accounts directly for which phenomenon?	{ "text": [ "The westward deflection of equatorial winds.", "The movement of rising air currents away from the equator.", "The rotation of storm systems.", "The formation of calm \"eyes\" in the centers of cyclones." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7217683	What allows for some organisms in a population to have an increased survival rate over other organisms of the same species?	{ "text": [ "genetic mutation", "species competition", "asexual reproduction", "genetic variation" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7029785	Which statement describes the transfer of energy when an ice cube is placed in a cup of hot tea?	{ "text": [ "Heat flows from the tea to the ice.", "Cold flows from the ice to the tea.", "Cold flows from the ice, and heat flows from the tea.", "Heat flows simultaneously between the ice and the tea." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_401122	A metal pan will heat up quickly when placed over a gas or electric burner. The metal pan is a good	{ "text": [ "resistor.", "insulator.", "conductor.", "accelerator." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_401310	Deposition of sediment will most likely form a	{ "text": [ "cave.", "delta.", "river.", "mountain." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_407606	It can take millions of years for fossil fuels to form. These fossil fuels form underground from decaying plants and animals. Which term best describes a fossil fuel?	{ "text": [ "a source of solar power", "a source of electrical power", "a source of renewable energy", "a source of nonrenewable energy" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
ACTAAP_2007_7_27	What is the liquid layer of Earth that lies beneath the mantle?	{ "text": [ "inner core", "outer core", "mesosphere", "asthenosphere" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_405838	A scientist is watching birds from far away. Which object is the scientist most likely using to watch the birds?	{ "text": [ "goggles", "binoculars", "sunglasses", "microscope" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7228113	The discovery of a fossilized animal with teeth, a long bony tail, and feathered wings helped to establish which evolutionary sequence?	{ "text": [ "rodents to bats", "reptiles to birds", "aquatic organisms to land-based organisms", "invertebrates to flying organisms" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
VASoL_2009_5_24	Which type of storm causes the most flooding in areas located near an ocean coastline?	{ "text": [ "Tornado", "Hurricane", "Blizzard", "Freezing rain" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7094553	Biologists moved a predator from sea level to a higher altitude, where they noticed that the predator became tired more quickly. If this predator had to live at a higher altitude, which adaptation would be necessary for it to survive?	{ "text": [ "increased digestion rate", "growth of additional teeth", "reduction of respiration rate", "production of more red blood cells" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_401811	Which system is most responsible for transporting blood throughout the body?	{ "text": [ "skeletal system", "excretory system", "digestive system", "circulatory system" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_408939	Juan noticed that sunny skies suddenly became stormy. Which most likely happened when the weather changed in this way?	{ "text": [ "Winds weakened.", "Humidity decreased.", "Air pressure dropped.", "Temperatures increased." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
MCAS_2011_5_15	Which of the following organisms would most likely get its food energy only from consumers?	{ "text": [ "deer", "grass", "hawk", "mushroom" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
NYSEDREGENTS_2013_8_14	Which process is a cause of variation in a species?	{ "text": [ "metamorphosis", "cellular respiration", "sexual reproduction", "regulation" ], "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ] }	3	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_401257	Which substance can be used to conduct electricity in a circuit?	{ "text": [ "metal", "wood", "rubber", "plastic" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7170905	One function of the circulatory system is to carry cellular nutrients to the body. Which part of the circulatory system is responsible for exchanging nutrients and wastes?	{ "text": [ "arteries", "capillaries", "heart", "veins" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
MCAS_2004_5_21	What is the main advantage of making a laptop computer light in weight?	{ "text": [ "to make it easy to carry", "to keep it simple to build", "to make the screen easy to read", "to provide storage for an electrical cord" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7271740	When atmospheric carbon dioxide increases, some of the carbon dioxide dissolves in the ocean causing the ocean to become	{ "text": [ "warmer.", "cooler.", "more acidic.", "more alkaline." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7188510	During cellular respiration glucose molecules undergo a series of reactions. This process results in the formation of up to 38 molecules of high-energy ATP per each molecule of glucose. Which is the source of the energy stored in these ATP molecules?	{ "text": [ "kinetic energy generated by the chemical reactions", "chemical energy originally stored in the glucose molecule", "electric current created during the destruction of electrons in the glucose", "potential energy from the difference in the concentration gradients of the cell" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7015733	The excessive use of nitrogen-based fertilizers causes runoff that increases the nitrogen content of lakes and bays. These nitrogen compounds directly affect the aquatic ecosystems by	{ "text": [ "interfering with the water cycle.", "decreasing the predator population.", "increasing the rate of algae growth.", "causing aquatic animals to grow larger." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
AKDE&ED_2012_8_4	A student wants to organize a group of animals into two categories based on observable external features. Which display will most appropriately show the two categories of animals?	{ "text": [ "a timeline", "a pie chart", "a data table", "a line graph" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_185115	A hypothesis that is successfully tested many times may become a	{ "text": [ "conclusion.", "theory.", "constant.", "law." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
CSZ30263	A ball is dropped from the top of a tall building. As the ball falls, the upward force of air resistance becomes equal to the downward pull of gravity. When these two forces become equal in magnitude, the ball will	{ "text": [ "flatten due to the forces.", "fall at a constant speed.", "continue to speed up.", "slow to a stop." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7033373	The United States government limits the use of certain pesticides through laws passed in the Endangered Species Protection Program. Which is the most likely reason to enforce laws that limit pesticide use?	{ "text": [ "Some pesticides are expensive.", "Some pesticides fail to control insects.", "Some pesticides give off foul odors.", "Some pesticides can harm non-targeted species." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_406703	A student finds an animal in the wild. He decides it is a bird because it has	{ "text": [ "fins.", "scales.", "feathers.", "four legs." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7074988	Eating food that is undercooked can lead to a disease that affects the digestive system. Which body part is directly affected by the disease?	{ "text": [ "intestines", "arteries", "nerves", "sinuses" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_401283	A sea anemone uses poisonous darts to	{ "text": [ "absorb food.", "defend itself.", "attract a mate.", "protect its young." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_416107	The trunk of a pine tree supports the tree. Which part of a daisy supports the plant the same way?	{ "text": [ "stem", "flower", "root", "leaf" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7082075	When a beam of light passes through a clear, convex lens, the light will mostly	{ "text": [ "diffract and spread out.", "diffract and come to a focal point.", "refract and come to a focal point.", "refract and spread out." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7056735	What property of water best helps aquatic life survive in lakes during the winter?	{ "text": [ "water has a high specific heat capacity", "water has a high surface tension", "water is less dense as a solid than as a liquid", "water is a polar molecule" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_408243	George is studying erosion. He learns how rocks break apart over time. Which of these most likely forms when a rock weathers and breaks into small pieces?	{ "text": [ "fossils", "crystals", "minerals", "sediments" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
MEAP_2004_8_48	What unit of measure should Jerry use to report the volume of a liquid?	{ "text": [ "degrees Celsius", "kilograms", "milliliters", "centimeters" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
MCAS_2010_5_14	Which of the following metals will be attracted to a magnet?	{ "text": [ "copper", "gold", "iron", "silver" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7211505	Chloroplasts absorb light energy. The function of the chloroplast is to	{ "text": [ "synthesize sugars.", "synthesize proteins.", "transform sugar into cellular energy.", "transform proteins into useful nutrients." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_408629	Patricia and her classmates are visiting different rocky areas in the city. They want to know what kind of rocks can be found in each area. If the investigation is done correctly, what will Patricia and her classmates do each time they visit an area?	{ "text": [ "draw the rock shapes", "count the rock numbers", "record the rock types and locations", "measure the rock masses and lengths" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7004760	When an atom gains an electron, the atom will	{ "text": [ "lose a proton.", "reduce its mass.", "become radioactive.", "have a negative charge." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
MCAS_2006_9_7	Some cells, such as human nerve and muscle cells, contain many more mitochondria than do other cells, such as skin cells. Why do some cells have more mitochondria than others?	{ "text": [ "The cells use more energy.", "The cells store more nutrients.", "The cells degrade more proteins.", "The cells divide more frequently." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7007788	All of these elements are metals except	{ "text": [ "gold.", "helium.", "sodium.", "aluminum." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
MSA_2012_5_28	Scientists found evidence of a fish that lived millions of years ago. The fish had features that were possibly used to move on land. This fish is now extinct. What scientific evidence did the scientists most likely find that confirmed the existence of this fish?	{ "text": [ "a fossil", "a description", "a photograph", "a cave drawing" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_409157	In areas where a lot of earthquakes occur, architects are designing buildings with the ability to move with the land. How are the new building designs most likely to help people?	{ "text": [ "The new designs can help save lives.", "The new designs are more attractive.", "The new designs cost less to make.", "The new designs are much taller." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_401659	A student ties a string around a weight and swings the weight in a circle around her body. If the student represents the Sun and the weight represents Earth, what does the string represent?	{ "text": [ "gravity", "radiation", "electricity", "magnetism" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
ACTAAP_2013_7_10	Which statement about gravity is written as a law?	{ "text": [ "The reason gravity works is because masses bend time and space.", "The effect of gravity on plants might be reduced if certain minerals are added to the soil.", "The force of gravity between two objects depends upon their masses and the distance between them.", "The experiments being done on gravity today are better than what were done in the past and a full understanding is only a few years away." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
LEAP_2002_8_10389	Joyce put 200 milliliters of water in a beaker, put a thermometer in it, and heated it until it started to boil. She recorded a temperature of 100°C when it started to boil. She repeated the process with 400 milliliters of water. What would be the temperature when the second sample started to boil?	{ "text": [ "twice as high as the first sample's", "slightly higher than the first sample's", "half as high as the first sample's", "the same as the first sample's" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_401629

Which tools are used to determine the boiling point of water?

{ "text": [ "hot plate and stopwatch", "thermometer and balance", "hot plate and thermometer", "balance and graduated cylinder" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

MEA_2010_8_2

According to scientists, donkeys and horses share a common ancestor. Which evidence shows that the two organisms are related?

{ "text": [ "Both are tall.", "Both run fast.", "They have the same diet.", "They have the same bones in their limbs." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

ACTAAP_2007_7_30

Which best describes a scientific theory?

{ "text": [ "It is still being tested.", "It is true, once written.", "It is different for each continent.", "It is determined in a court of law." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_406709

An octopus releases black ink into the water when feeling threatened. What does this most likely help an octopus do?

{ "text": [ "find shelter", "hunt for food", "swim faster", "escape enemies" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

ACTAAP_2009_7_5

Which investigation might be used to demonstrate potential energy?

{ "text": [ "Roll one ball toward another, and see what happens when they collide.", "Place a glass of water in the freezer, and see how long the water takes to become solid.", "Compress a spring by different amounts, and see how far it can launch a ball into the air.", "Roll a ball from the top of an inclined plane and determine the amount of time it takes to get to the bottom." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_402261

Which type of energy is carried through a metal cable?

{ "text": [ "light", "chemical", "electrical", "nuclear" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7194495

Scientists have observed that, even within the same nest, some young birds call louder than others. Which describes how a louder cry helps to ensure survival?

{ "text": [ "Lung capacity is increased.", "Exposure to bacteria is increased.", "Parents are able to identify the nest.", "Parents respond by giving more food." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_411070

A train travels at a rate of 13 meters per second (m/s). Over the next 60 seconds, the speed of the train increases to speed to 22 m/s. What is the average rate of acceleration of the train?

{ "text": [ "0.15 m/s^2", "0.21 m/s^2", "0.36 m/s^2", "0.58 m/s^2" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

TAKS_2009_8_11

When a butterfly emerges from its chrysalis, its wings are crumpled. In order to expand its wings, the butterfly hangs upside down, causing fluid to be pumped into the veins of its wings. This pumping most likely expands the wings by

{ "text": [ "increasing the pressure inside the wings", "decreasing the density of the wings", "increasing the temperature inside the wings", "decreasing the mass of the wings" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

VASoL_2008_5_26

Which of these are the deepest parts of the ocean?

{ "text": [ "Continental shelves", "Continental slopes", "Ocean trenches", "Abyssal plains" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

MEAP_2005_8_33

When soil becomes saturated during rainfall, excess water begins to collect on the surface. Downslope movement of this excess water to rivers, lakes, and streams is called

{ "text": [ "runoff.", "filtration.", "groundwater.", "condensation." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_405734

A student wants to find out whether storms with lightning produce more rain than storms without lightning. Which is the best way to answer this question?

{ "text": [ "average the amount of rain that fell during a lightning storm", "count number of lightning strikes during a one-hour period", "record rainfall amounts in storms with and without lightning", "calculate the number of fires that are caused by lightning strikes" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_400806

The electrical charge of the nucleus of an atom is +12. How many electrons does the atom have in its neutral state?

{ "text": [ "6", "12", "18", "24" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

MCAS_2006_9_13-v1

Which of the following colors of visible light has the longest wavelength?

{ "text": [ "red", "blue", "green", "orange" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_406070

A student is pouring equal amounts of water, maple syrup, and cooking oil into a glass beaker and looking at how the layers settle. Which property of the liquids is the student most likely comparing?

{ "text": [ "density", "mass", "temperature", "volume" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_401358

Which substance is magnetic and conducts heat?

{ "text": [ "wood", "plastic", "iron", "paper" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_177223

In a classroom demonstration, a teacher pours sulfuric acid on some granulated sugar in a beaker. The sugar turns yellow and then black. Smoke rises and a strong smell is released. This demonstration is an example of what kind of change?

{ "text": [ "chemical", "physical", "magnetic", "electric" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7145950

The average car uses about 25% of the available energy in each gallon of gasoline. The energy not used to run the car is released as heat and sound. Which statement best describes this occurrence?

{ "text": [ "Energy conversion reduces efficiency.", "Energy is destroyed at high temperatures.", "Energy loss increases the order in a system.", "Energy levels increase as conversions take place." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

ACTAAP_2010_5_8

Fossils of sea animals were found in a cave in Arkansas. What does this mean about that area of Arkansas in the past?

{ "text": [ "It was once underwater.", "It was once much warmer.", "It has become a rockier place.", "It has changed little from then." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_408782

Windmills are used to obtain usable energy from wind. Which would be an advantage of using a windmill?

{ "text": [ "Windmills are expensive to build.", "The wind does not blow all the time.", "Pollution is not created by windmills.", "Populations of birds can be reduced by windmills." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

NYSEDREGENTS_2013_8_21

Herbivores obtain most of their energy by

{ "text": [ "consuming animals", "consuming plants", "producing sugar", "absorbing sunlight" ], "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ] }

2

ARC-Easy

MCAS_2005_8_27

In producing an automobile, which of the 27 following is the best use of a robot?

{ "text": [ "to perform repetitive tasks", "to determine the trunk space", "to demonstrate passenger comfort", "to perform quality control inspections" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_408620

All organisms depend on the transfer of energy to survive. Which best shows the energy transfer between animals in a shoreline ecosystem?

{ "text": [ "Fish -> Plants -> Birds", "Plants -> Birds -> Fish", "Plants -> Fish -> Birds", "Fish -> Birds -> Plants" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7084088

When a conclusion is reached after an experiment, which is most likely the first step other scientists might take when checking the conclusion?

{ "text": [ "propose different conclusions from the same data", "study the data to evaluate the conclusion", "change current models to fit the conclusion", "develop new technologies based on the conclusion" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7136150

In humans, digestion begins in the mouth. The complete process of digestion occurs with the help of many different parts of the body. Which term best identifies the parts of the body that carry out the function of digestion?

{ "text": [ "an organ", "an organism", "a system", "a tissue" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7283343

Meiosis is necessary for which reproductive event to occur?

{ "text": [ "vegetative budding", "binary fission", "cloning", "fertilization" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_416502

Which cellular organelle modifies fatty acids?

{ "text": [ "chloroplast", "mitochondrion", "Golgi complex", "endoplasmic reticulum" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_400035

Which tool is best to use when comparing an animal cell to a plant cell?

{ "text": [ "balance", "compass", "microscope", "thermometer" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

MCAS_2005_5_8

Which of the following objects is probably the most flexible?

{ "text": [ "a ceramic dish", "a wooden block", "a short steel rod", "a new rubber hose" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

VASoL_2010_3_6

Why is it important to protect soil?

{ "text": [ "It covers the bedrock layer in the earth.", "It has nutrients used by plants to grow.", "It holds many harmful pollutants.", "It dries quickly in sunlight." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_LBS10266

If the results of an experiment do not support the hypothesis, the scientist will most likely do all of the following except

{ "text": [ "check for errors in the experimental procedure.", "repeat the experiment.", "change data to support the hypothesis.", "ask new questions." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7227903

HIV makes the body vulnerable to secondary infections by targeting

{ "text": [ "macrophages.", "helper T-cells.", "cells.", "killer T-cells." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7001435

Which of these is an example of a chemical reaction?

{ "text": [ "storing milk by putting it into the freezer", "milk turning sour when left in a warm place", "mixing milk into a glass with chocolate powder", "allowing milk to evaporate, leaving behind powdered milk" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

AKDE&ED_2012_8_7

Which statement best describes how the circulatory system and respiratory system can work together?

{ "text": [ "Toxins are removed from the bloodstream by the liver.", "The stomach signals for the production of gastric juices.", "Food molecules are transported to the organs of the body.", "Gases are exchanged between the lungs and blood vessels." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_400556

What can be inferred from a food product advertisement that claims "30% less fat than our leading competitors"?

{ "text": [ "It is a sugar-free product.", "It will help a person lose weight.", "It is the healthiest choice available.", "The fat content of the item is reduced." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

NYSEDREGENTS_2013_8_40

People often wear sunglasses in polar regions because most of the sunlight that strikes a snow-covered surface is

{ "text": [ "reflected", "absorbed", "refracted", "transmitted" ], "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ] }

1

ARC-Easy

TIMSS_1995_8_I16

A metal spoon, a wooden spoon, and a plastic spoon are placed in hot water. After 15 seconds, which spoon will feel hottest?

{ "text": [ "The metal spoon", "The wooden spoon", "The plastic spoon", "The three spoons will feel the same." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7123305

Some scientists study images of very distant celestial bodies. Where is the best location for the types of telescopes that can provide the scientists with the clearest images.

{ "text": [ "at sea level", "in outer space", "on mountain tops", "at higher latitudes" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_400518

A geologist found several types of seashell fossils in a rock layer. Which is the best conclusion about the rock layer?

{ "text": [ "The rock was once buried under a swamp.", "Water from a river washed across the rock.", "The rock was once sediment at the bottom of an ocean.", "Migrating animals dropped the seashell into the rock." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_408436

Jonathon was studying bears. He found out that bears are born with some behaviors and learn others from their environment. Which behavior does a bear most likely inherit?

{ "text": [ "how to find food in garbage cans", "how to hibernate during the winter", "how to seek shelter in a hollow log", "how to live in human neighborhoods" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

MCAS_2012_8_23645

Leather basketballs are made for indoor use on smooth surfaces. Rubber basketballs are made for use on many different surfaces. Which of the following properties of rubber makes it better than leather for use on many different surfaces?

{ "text": [ "Rubber is durable.", "Rubber is lightweight.", "Rubber is dark in color.", "Rubber is quickly produced." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_400529

Meadow voles are small mouse-like animals that eat plants and insects. Their niche in an ecosystem is a

{ "text": [ "omnivore.", "herbivore.", "producer.", "scavenger." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_400851

A tree is a renewable resource because it can be

{ "text": [ "burned in a fire.", "made into lumber.", "eaten by some organisms.", "replaced with a newly planted tree." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_416579

A euglena has a flagellum and a paramecium has cilia. Both types of organelles help these organisms move through the water. However, a paramecium can also use its cilia to perform another task. What is this task?

{ "text": [ "obtain food", "defend the cell", "attach to a surface", "perform conjugation" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7141733

A carpenter rubs sandpaper on a wooden bench to make the bench smoother. The sandpaper will get warm as it is rubbed on the bench. As a result of the friction between the sandpaper and the bench, thermal energy is converted to

{ "text": [ "chemical energy that is stored by the sandpaper.", "radiant energy that is transferred to the bench.", "potential energy that is stored by the wood.", "heat energy that is transferred to the air." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

MSA_2015_5_34

Students measured how long it took for an ice cube to melt. Which measurement best represents how long it took for the ice cube to melt?

{ "text": [ "20° Celsius", "40 grams", "60 milliliters", "80 seconds" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_LBS10591

Which is most likely to cause an organism to become endangered or extinct?

{ "text": [ "habitat loss", "behavioral changes", "increased reproduction rate", "altered migration patterns" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

NCEOGA_2013_8_32

Which is the best way to help prevent the flu from becoming a pandemic?

{ "text": [ "getting a vaccination", "taking antibiotics", "eating fruits and vegetables", "washing hands often" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7016695

How does the buying and selling of a popular species of rainforest animal as pets have a negative effect on the rainforest ecosystem?

{ "text": [ "The rate of photosynthesis may decrease.", "There is a probability of genetic variability.", "The number of symbiotic relationships increases.", "It could lead to the potential extinction of those animals." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

NYSEDREGENTS_2012_4_3

Which Earth movement results in day and night?

{ "text": [ "erosion", "deposition", "revolution", "rotation" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_177485

What is the name of a circuit in which the current splits at the junctions?

{ "text": [ "closed circuit", "parallel circuit", "series circuit", "short circuit" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

NAEP_2009_4_S11+1

Which material is the best conductor of electricity?

{ "text": [ "Wood", "Metal", "Stone", "Plastic" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_414146

Which four elements make up most of the human body?

{ "text": [ "oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen", "silicon, calcium, oxygen, aluminum", "carbon, sodium, hydrogen, oxygen", "sulfur, phosphorous, calcium, nitrogen" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_180390

Which of the following are narrow belts of strong winds found in the upper troposphere?

{ "text": [ "doldrums", "westerlies", "trade winds", "jet streams" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

TIMSS_2003_4_pg12

The fossils of dinosaurs that lived millions of years ago can be found in

{ "text": [ "the water of oceans.", "the ice on ponds.", "the trunks of trees.", "rocks in the ground." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

ACTAAP_2012_7_14

Which layer of the atmosphere contains about 75% of the gasses and almost all of the water vapor?

{ "text": [ "troposphere", "stratosphere", "mesosphere", "thermosphere" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_189753

The Earth's equator receives more direct sunlight than the regions to its north and south. This distribution of sunlight accounts directly for which phenomenon?

{ "text": [ "The westward deflection of equatorial winds.", "The movement of rising air currents away from the equator.", "The rotation of storm systems.", "The formation of calm \"eyes\" in the centers of cyclones." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7217683

What allows for some organisms in a population to have an increased survival rate over other organisms of the same species?

{ "text": [ "genetic mutation", "species competition", "asexual reproduction", "genetic variation" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7029785

Which statement describes the transfer of energy when an ice cube is placed in a cup of hot tea?

{ "text": [ "Heat flows from the tea to the ice.", "Cold flows from the ice to the tea.", "Cold flows from the ice, and heat flows from the tea.", "Heat flows simultaneously between the ice and the tea." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_401122

A metal pan will heat up quickly when placed over a gas or electric burner. The metal pan is a good

{ "text": [ "resistor.", "insulator.", "conductor.", "accelerator." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_401310

Deposition of sediment will most likely form a

{ "text": [ "cave.", "delta.", "river.", "mountain." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_407606

It can take millions of years for fossil fuels to form. These fossil fuels form underground from decaying plants and animals. Which term best describes a fossil fuel?

{ "text": [ "a source of solar power", "a source of electrical power", "a source of renewable energy", "a source of nonrenewable energy" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

ACTAAP_2007_7_27

What is the liquid layer of Earth that lies beneath the mantle?

{ "text": [ "inner core", "outer core", "mesosphere", "asthenosphere" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_405838

A scientist is watching birds from far away. Which object is the scientist most likely using to watch the birds?

{ "text": [ "goggles", "binoculars", "sunglasses", "microscope" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7228113

The discovery of a fossilized animal with teeth, a long bony tail, and feathered wings helped to establish which evolutionary sequence?

{ "text": [ "rodents to bats", "reptiles to birds", "aquatic organisms to land-based organisms", "invertebrates to flying organisms" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

VASoL_2009_5_24

Which type of storm causes the most flooding in areas located near an ocean coastline?

{ "text": [ "Tornado", "Hurricane", "Blizzard", "Freezing rain" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7094553

Biologists moved a predator from sea level to a higher altitude, where they noticed that the predator became tired more quickly. If this predator had to live at a higher altitude, which adaptation would be necessary for it to survive?

{ "text": [ "increased digestion rate", "growth of additional teeth", "reduction of respiration rate", "production of more red blood cells" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_401811

Which system is most responsible for transporting blood throughout the body?

{ "text": [ "skeletal system", "excretory system", "digestive system", "circulatory system" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_408939

Juan noticed that sunny skies suddenly became stormy. Which most likely happened when the weather changed in this way?

{ "text": [ "Winds weakened.", "Humidity decreased.", "Air pressure dropped.", "Temperatures increased." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

MCAS_2011_5_15

Which of the following organisms would most likely get its food energy only from consumers?

{ "text": [ "deer", "grass", "hawk", "mushroom" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

NYSEDREGENTS_2013_8_14

Which process is a cause of variation in a species?

{ "text": [ "metamorphosis", "cellular respiration", "sexual reproduction", "regulation" ], "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ] }

3

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_401257

Which substance can be used to conduct electricity in a circuit?

{ "text": [ "metal", "wood", "rubber", "plastic" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7170905

One function of the circulatory system is to carry cellular nutrients to the body. Which part of the circulatory system is responsible for exchanging nutrients and wastes?

{ "text": [ "arteries", "capillaries", "heart", "veins" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

MCAS_2004_5_21

What is the main advantage of making a laptop computer light in weight?

{ "text": [ "to make it easy to carry", "to keep it simple to build", "to make the screen easy to read", "to provide storage for an electrical cord" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7271740

When atmospheric carbon dioxide increases, some of the carbon dioxide dissolves in the ocean causing the ocean to become

{ "text": [ "warmer.", "cooler.", "more acidic.", "more alkaline." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7188510

During cellular respiration glucose molecules undergo a series of reactions. This process results in the formation of up to 38 molecules of high-energy ATP per each molecule of glucose. Which is the source of the energy stored in these ATP molecules?

{ "text": [ "kinetic energy generated by the chemical reactions", "chemical energy originally stored in the glucose molecule", "electric current created during the destruction of electrons in the glucose", "potential energy from the difference in the concentration gradients of the cell" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7015733

The excessive use of nitrogen-based fertilizers causes runoff that increases the nitrogen content of lakes and bays. These nitrogen compounds directly affect the aquatic ecosystems by

{ "text": [ "interfering with the water cycle.", "decreasing the predator population.", "increasing the rate of algae growth.", "causing aquatic animals to grow larger." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

AKDE&ED_2012_8_4

A student wants to organize a group of animals into two categories based on observable external features. Which display will most appropriately show the two categories of animals?

{ "text": [ "a timeline", "a pie chart", "a data table", "a line graph" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_185115

A hypothesis that is successfully tested many times may become a

{ "text": [ "conclusion.", "theory.", "constant.", "law." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

CSZ30263

A ball is dropped from the top of a tall building. As the ball falls, the upward force of air resistance becomes equal to the downward pull of gravity. When these two forces become equal in magnitude, the ball will

{ "text": [ "flatten due to the forces.", "fall at a constant speed.", "continue to speed up.", "slow to a stop." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7033373

The United States government limits the use of certain pesticides through laws passed in the Endangered Species Protection Program. Which is the most likely reason to enforce laws that limit pesticide use?

{ "text": [ "Some pesticides are expensive.", "Some pesticides fail to control insects.", "Some pesticides give off foul odors.", "Some pesticides can harm non-targeted species." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_406703

A student finds an animal in the wild. He decides it is a bird because it has

{ "text": [ "fins.", "scales.", "feathers.", "four legs." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7074988

Eating food that is undercooked can lead to a disease that affects the digestive system. Which body part is directly affected by the disease?

{ "text": [ "intestines", "arteries", "nerves", "sinuses" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_401283

A sea anemone uses poisonous darts to

{ "text": [ "absorb food.", "defend itself.", "attract a mate.", "protect its young." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_416107

The trunk of a pine tree supports the tree. Which part of a daisy supports the plant the same way?

{ "text": [ "stem", "flower", "root", "leaf" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7082075

When a beam of light passes through a clear, convex lens, the light will mostly

{ "text": [ "diffract and spread out.", "diffract and come to a focal point.", "refract and come to a focal point.", "refract and spread out." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7056735

What property of water best helps aquatic life survive in lakes during the winter?

{ "text": [ "water has a high specific heat capacity", "water has a high surface tension", "water is less dense as a solid than as a liquid", "water is a polar molecule" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_408243

George is studying erosion. He learns how rocks break apart over time. Which of these most likely forms when a rock weathers and breaks into small pieces?

{ "text": [ "fossils", "crystals", "minerals", "sediments" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

MEAP_2004_8_48

What unit of measure should Jerry use to report the volume of a liquid?

{ "text": [ "degrees Celsius", "kilograms", "milliliters", "centimeters" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

MCAS_2010_5_14

Which of the following metals will be attracted to a magnet?

{ "text": [ "copper", "gold", "iron", "silver" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7211505

Chloroplasts absorb light energy. The function of the chloroplast is to

{ "text": [ "synthesize sugars.", "synthesize proteins.", "transform sugar into cellular energy.", "transform proteins into useful nutrients." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_408629

Patricia and her classmates are visiting different rocky areas in the city. They want to know what kind of rocks can be found in each area. If the investigation is done correctly, what will Patricia and her classmates do each time they visit an area?

{ "text": [ "draw the rock shapes", "count the rock numbers", "record the rock types and locations", "measure the rock masses and lengths" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7004760

When an atom gains an electron, the atom will

{ "text": [ "lose a proton.", "reduce its mass.", "become radioactive.", "have a negative charge." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

MCAS_2006_9_7

Some cells, such as human nerve and muscle cells, contain many more mitochondria than do other cells, such as skin cells. Why do some cells have more mitochondria than others?

{ "text": [ "The cells use more energy.", "The cells store more nutrients.", "The cells degrade more proteins.", "The cells divide more frequently." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7007788

All of these elements are metals except

{ "text": [ "gold.", "helium.", "sodium.", "aluminum." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

MSA_2012_5_28

Scientists found evidence of a fish that lived millions of years ago. The fish had features that were possibly used to move on land. This fish is now extinct. What scientific evidence did the scientists most likely find that confirmed the existence of this fish?

{ "text": [ "a fossil", "a description", "a photograph", "a cave drawing" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_409157

In areas where a lot of earthquakes occur, architects are designing buildings with the ability to move with the land. How are the new building designs most likely to help people?

{ "text": [ "The new designs can help save lives.", "The new designs are more attractive.", "The new designs cost less to make.", "The new designs are much taller." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_401659

A student ties a string around a weight and swings the weight in a circle around her body. If the student represents the Sun and the weight represents Earth, what does the string represent?

{ "text": [ "gravity", "radiation", "electricity", "magnetism" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

ACTAAP_2013_7_10

Which statement about gravity is written as a law?

{ "text": [ "The reason gravity works is because masses bend time and space.", "The effect of gravity on plants might be reduced if certain minerals are added to the soil.", "The force of gravity between two objects depends upon their masses and the distance between them.", "The experiments being done on gravity today are better than what were done in the past and a full understanding is only a few years away." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

LEAP_2002_8_10389

Joyce put 200 milliliters of water in a beaker, put a thermometer in it, and heated it until it started to boil. She recorded a temperature of 100°C when it started to boil. She repeated the process with 400 milliliters of water. What would be the temperature when the second sample started to boil?

{ "text": [ "twice as high as the first sample's", "slightly higher than the first sample's", "half as high as the first sample's", "the same as the first sample's" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy