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0.9347 |
Should we leave a lane for cars?
Personally, I'm not a communist and don't believe that the public should continue to subsidize automobiles on the roadway. But in the spirit of good public relations and "can't we all just get along?," I'm proposing an alternate plan. We stripe car travel lanes on the pavement so cars know where they are welcome and can expect to operate without cyclists yelling at them as they go by to "get out of the way." Let's be a little more civilized.
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0.999798 |
I'm writing an essay on A Raisin in the Sun and I'm supposed to write it from a fresh perspective. What else can I write about other than the plot?
1. How Lorraine Hansberry's childhood influenced ARITS.
2. Roots of ARITS as found in the poem, Harlem, by Langston Hughes.
3. The concept of death in ARITS.
4. The ongoing cultural relevance of ARITS (1959-2016).
5. The stage history of ARITS.
6. Why a simple (or complex) set works best when producing ARITS.
7. What makes Walter Lee Younger the most important (or least important) character in ARITS.
These are just a few of the many directions you can take your essay. Keep in mind that whatever angle you choose, you'll need to develop a strong thesis statement to set as the foundation of your piece—so your chosen topic focus must be one you can summarize in an effective thesis statement.
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0.998827 |
What is the difference between 階段を登る and 階段を上がる?
Both are actually correct, although 登る is more like climbing (imagine you have a huge staircase in front of you and you know you will be tired when reaching the top). 登る expresses a little bit more emphasis.
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0.99978 |
E você acha meio estranho quando nós tentamos cantar em japonês??
And you think it's odd for us try to sing in japanese?
Saca só essa galera cantando em português! Mesma dificuldade, e eles se saíram até muito bem!
Check these people out: the same difficulty, but they handled it very well!
Can I just say one more thing? I think I'm the only person in world but I did not like the movie actually.
That girl did a horrible thing with that bird by keeping it. It would probably died in real life.
That would probably be a sick bird (like this one), with faded blue feathers.
Actually there are NO blue macaws allowed to leave BR. If you seen one (like this), it was by smuggler.
(you can read this website and see many owner talking about it).
Please be human: wild animals are called wild for a reason.
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0.893412 |
My child has hurt his back. How can I ensure it heals fully & does not re-occur?
A common pattern of body use adopted after an injury is pulling up when raising from a chair/ground or going upstairs/hills rather than pushing down to the ground (“like the feet pushing the earth away”). This is very important because it activates core stability which is very important to stabilise the spine whilst the movement task is performed. A baby naturally activates this when learning to move but often an injury causes a compensated pattern of body use to be adopted.
To ensure full healing and no re-ocurrence it might be as simple as instructing the child to push the earth away (i.e. Pushing feet into the ground when moving). Then this pattern of body use will become the natural subconscious preferred movement pattern of the body.
Professional assistance maybe required to help make this process practical so it is successful.
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0.998821 |
Novice backpackers have a hard time finding multi-day backpacks with the right features, capacity and fit. A single mistake during the purchase might end up affecting the health and even safety of the backpacker during an extended trip in wilderness.
We redesigned REI's website to provide more detailed guidance and support for novice backpackers to find the backpack of the right size, capacity, and features without having to travel to an REI store.
During the research phase, I contacted local REI stores for interview permissions. After the first store declined our request, my perseverance helped us discover alternative choices and more opportunities for interviews. I visited different REI stores for observations and interviews, and conducted a task analysis based on the data collected. I also took the lead to design and distribute a detailed online survey that yielded hundreds of responses with rich qualitative data. I then analyzed the survey data and helped create affinity diagrams. With the help of my teammate Lindsay, I created a customer journey map based on the data we gathered.
Generated in the ideation phase, my ideas of providing guidance through an interactive survey and community-based expert support were both refined and incorporated into our final design.
In addition, I created two versions of interactive prototypes in InVision for two rounds of user testing. I synthesized users' feedback from both rounds, developed design implications, and created the final User Interface using Sketch. I also moderated several cognitive walkthrough and usability testing sessions.
Through a series of primary research detailed below, including field observations, interviews and surveys, we decided to focus on novice backpacker's pack purchasing experience on REI's website.
We first visited a local REI store several times to understand the general store layout, observe people's purchasing process, and identify the need we hope to address. We pivoted from focusing on tents to focusing on backpacks because there was generally a higher demand for help in the backpack area.
I took the lead to come up with a scenario in which I needed to buy a multi-day backpacking pack for a 3-day trip in wilderness. I went through the entire backpack selection process in-store and interacted with salespeople with the objective dictated by the scenario in mind. The information gathered helped us create the task analysis for in-store backpack purchase.
During our visits, I also took the lead to talk with the store's manager for interview permissions. Though he had to decline our request, the manager pointed us to REI backpacking classes taught at another store, which graciously agreed to our interview request later.
To better understand novice backpackers' current experience purchasing backpacks, we attended REI's lightweight backpacking class, and conducted short, semi-structured interviews with REI's customers and salespersons.
We also interviewed a non-REI backpacking expert to learn about the best practices in the backpacking community that novice backpackers might not be aware of.
Fit is the most important factor to consider when purchasing a backpack; a backpack that fits poorly can cause discomfort and potentially injury.
Novice backpackers usually don't know what to consider when selecting a backpack.
Backpackers form a tight community and are usually willing to help each other.
There are a couple of questions that all REI salespersons are trained to ask in order to help their customers find the right backpack model.
The in-store purchasing experience has few room for improvement, because almost all REI customers believe that REI's salespersons are well-trained and usually actively help them answer their questions.
People are generally reluctant to make large purchases like buying backpacks on mobile apps. Such purchases require careful research beforehand, and people generally do not use mobile phones to conduct the research.
As a result, we decided to focus on REI's website as our point of intervention, since this context has the largest potential for improvement.
After our decision to focus on REI's website, I designed and deployed a detailed survey on people's backpack purchasing experience on REI's website. Through the survey, we hope to learn more about the user demographics, what they look for when shopping for backpacks online, what their pain points are throughout the process, what they think REI's website is currently lacking, etc.
Most users (around 70%) are between the age of 25 and 34.
Some users complete the entire process online, while others typically conduct online research first, before going in store to look and feel the physical products.
Users generally find REI's online expert advice articles to be inaccurate and outdated.
Users need more personalized advice from others in the backpacking community.
The survey, which received nearly 300 responses, also provided us with rich data for our persona creation, which is detailed below.
In addition to interviews and surveys, our group also conducted contextual inquiries, online research of the user group (backpackers), and analyses of frequently asked questions on REI's website. We analyzed our results using affinity mapping.
Capacity: It is hard for novice backpackers to determine the capacity of their backpacks, which is highly dependent on what they bring and the length of their trips.
Weight: Novice backpackers tend to overestimate how much they'll need for their trip. However, backpacking experts have repeatedly mentioned that one should always try to minimize the total weight of one's backpack.
Fit: Without trying on the backpacks in store, it is extremely hard for novice backpackers to find a pack that fits well with their body. However, fit is the most important factor to consider when buying packs for multi-day backpacking treks.
REI Experts: Novice backpackers consistently report that in-store REI experts are extremely helpful and knowledgeable. However, the online expert advice provided by REI is perceived as static and outdated, which needs to be improved.
Experience Backpackers from the Community: Our research shows that backpackers form a very social and community-oriented group. Most of them enjoy helping fellow backpackers, even strangers. Novice backpackers usually get advice from more experience backpackers they meet, either in person or on backpacking forums and Facebook groups.
We created the following personas based on the data we gathered in our interviews and surveys. Since we decided to focus on redesigning REI's website, we created two personas who shop either exclusively online, or both online and in store.
Since we focus on REI's online experience, we also created an anti-persona who shops exclusively in store to make sure that we do not design for this group of users.
In order to encourage divergent and creative thinking, we decided to sketch out design ideas individually before coming together and presenting our ideas to the group. Each group member referred back to the user needs we identified in the research stage to make sure that the solutions we came up with addressed at least part of our users' needs. Below are some of our individual sketches.
In our first concept, we provide novice backpackers with a traditional survey which asks questions that would otherwise be asked by salespersons in REI's stores. After answering these questions, users will see a list of recommended backpacks that are suitable for their needs. They will also see a list of recommended features for them, and whether each recommended backpack has those features. This concept allows users to better understand and effectively find which backpacks will be the right fit for them, considering their size, weight, body frame and all of the items they will be carrying in their backpack.
Concept 2 provides users with an interactive video in which a qualified expert from REI talks about his backpacking experience. In the video, the expert will ask the same questions salespersons ask in an REI store, give tips to users on how to measure their bodies, and educate them what they should do to prepare for their specific trips. This concept could not only help novice backpackers narrow down their choices, but also educate them what they should consider while choosing a backpack.
Since research shows that backpackers usually form a close community, our third concept aims to bring the community together and let more experienced backpackers help novice backpackers with their purchase decisions. We provide a "Chat with Expert" function that enables users to email/chat with either REI salespersons or experienced backpackers online who have agreed to give advice to novice backpackers on REI's site. In the expert list, users are able to see the ratings of each expert, their specialties, and their experiences. This concept provides a platform for novice backpackers to reach out to experienced backpackers, learn from them, and find the right backpack more efficiently.
Users generally prefer the survey tool (Concept 1) over the video tutorial (Concept 2), because the survey enables them to skip parts and does not require audio output.
However, a number of users liked the personal elements of having the instructions narrated by Ned (an illustrative REI expert).
Users also reported that they will use the expert advice tool, and hope to have access to it at any stage of the process.
Use an interactive survey as the main feature to help users narrow down their options.
Incorporate more personal features that users liked into the survey design (e.g. describing why each question is asked and narrating the instructions through the voice of Ned the expert).
Create an expert advice tool to connect novice backpackers with REI salespersons as well as experts from the greater backpacking community.
Allow users to access the expert advice tool anytime during the process.
We created the following wireframes as a group in order to illustrate the basic functionalities of our final design. The emphasis at this stage is still on functionalities rather than visual design, since we hope to make sure that our final design meets users' needs before refining the interface.
You are going to Smoky Mountain for a week-long backpacking trip and need to find a suitable backpack for the adventure. You will be travelling with your significant other, carrying a 2-person tent, a sleeping bag, but no sleeping mat or cooking gear. Please use the tool to narrow down your choices and seek advice from an expert to confirm the backpack capacity.
During each evaluation session, we first showed users the current REI website, asked them several screening questions to make sure that they are novice backpackers, and explained to them the task scenario. After users completed the tasks, we asked them several follow up questions and encouraged them to provide feedback on the design.
Based on users' feedback, I created the following design recommendations for our medium-fidelity prototype.
After we designed the user interface, I took the lead to create an interactive prototype of our tool in InVision. Click to view the InVision prototype.
To evaluate the user flow of our app, we conducted several cognitive walkthrough sessions with usability experts. Our tool leads our users through a linear process to help them narrow down their choices. Though our process resembles REI salespersons' process in helping novice backpackers in store, we hope to make sure that the user flow, when translated into a digital survey, is intuitive and easy to follow.
Is this what you expected to see?
Are you making progress towards your goal?
What would your next action be?
This progress bar is not visible enough.
The "prev/next" buttons are not visible enough.
The users might not know that they are making progress towards the end goal until the last page, when they see the recommendations; they might give up halfway as a result.
The "Try-on for free" function on the recommendations page is not visible.
Find a backpack for a trip to Smoky Mountain for 5 days for yourself. You will be travelling with your significant other and carrying 1 tent, 2 sleeping bags, 2 sleeping mats, and 1 stove. Ask an expert for help along the way. Also, please share your thoughts and any questions you may have as you look for your backpack. Finally, we are not evaluating you, but rather seeking feedback to improve our solution.
Users then completed the task while thinking aloud. Following the task, we asked them whether they would use the tool in place of in-store shopping, and let them fill in the System Usability Scale (SUS).
Overall, our design received an average SUS score of 77 (SD = 23.48). In fact, the mean was greatly affected by one outlier with an extremely low score; all the other users rated the system as highly usable. A larger sample size is needed to get a more accurate estimation of the system's usability, but a SUS score of 77 assures us that our system is considered usable by most of our audience.
The instruction videos on the Body Fit page were not noticed by a number of users.
The continuous scale for estimated weight/capacity confused a number of users.
Several users did not understand what "Your Backpack" meant on the Weight Estimation page.
Instead of selecting a backpack as their final choice, users hope to either view details of backpacks they are interested in, or compare several backpacks on the Recommendations page.
Note: an interactive prototype of the final design will be available soon. The main UI screens can be found below.
Based on the results gather from cognitive walkthrough and usability testing sessions, I created the final design of our tool using Sketch. The design changes I made are illustrated below.
On the landing page, I left only one entry point to the tool through the call-to-action button to minimize confusion. I also changed the icon for the voice interface we hope to provide for the visually impaired.
Placed the explanation on why the tool asks each question under the respective question. The original layout placed the explanation above the progress bar, which was hard to notice.
Changed the progress bar to make it clear which sections have been completed.
Always show available filters and candidate backpacks on the page; gradually narrow the choices down as more filters are suggested based on the user's input.
Changed the navigation (Previous/Next question buttons) for it to be more prominent.
Increased the font size for the expert tool.
Some users did not realize that the videos were playable. Therefore, I added more prominent titles for each video and made it clear that users can click to play the video instructions. I also added suggested filters earlier in the process (though without all the information it can be inaccurate) and changed the candidate backpacks once users finish answering one question to let them see the progress they make towards their goal.
Changed the title of the section to better reflect what we are estimating (weight and capacity, not weight alone).
Made it clear through description that the estimated weight is the total weight of the backpack with all the gears inside.
Abandoned the continuous scale for weight estimation, which confused a lot of users. Replaced it with discrete categories.
Changed each category's capacity range for them to be consistent with REI's filters.
Enabled users to carry half a tent and share the weight with others, which was not taken into consideration in our original design.
Changed the ambiguous wording of the "Select" buttons to "Learn More".
Enable users to directly select backpacks to compare on this page.
Added a call-to-action button to let users notice their option to try out 3 backpacks at home and return 2 of them for free.
Changed the "Why We Recommend" section for each backpack to make it easier to read and more realistic.
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0.999994 |
LUETKEMEYER. Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the rules and pass the bill (H.R. 1035) to require a study of voluntary community-based flood insurance options and how such options could be incorporated into the national flood insurance program, and for other purposes.
The text of the bill is as follows: H.R. 1035 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. STUDIES OF VOLUNTARY COMMUNITY-BASED FLOOD INSURANCE OPTIONS.
(a) Study.-- (1) Study required.--The Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency shall conduct a study to assess options, methods, and strategies for making available voluntary community-based flood insurance policies through the National Flood Insurance Program.
(2) Considerations.--The study conducted under paragraph (1) shall-- (A) take into consideration and analyze how voluntary community-based flood insurance policies-- (i) would affect communities having varying economic bases, geographic locations, flood hazard characteristics or classifications, and flood management approaches; and (ii) could satisfy the applicable requirements under section 102 of the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973 (42 U.S.C. 4012a); and (B) evaluate the advisability of making available voluntary community-based flood insurance policies to communities, subdivisions of communities, and areas of residual risk.
(3) Consultation.--In conducting the study required under paragraph (1), the Administrator may consult with the Comptroller General of the United States, as the Administrator determines is appropriate.
(b) Report by the Administrator.-- (1) Report required.--Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives a report that contains the results and conclusions of the study conducted under subsection (a).
(2) Contents.--The report submitted under paragraph (1) shall include recommendations for-- (A) the best manner to incorporate voluntary community- based flood insurance policies into the National Flood Insurance Program; and (B) a strategy to implement voluntary community-based flood insurance policies that would encourage communities to undertake flood mitigation activities, including the construction, reconstruction, or improvement of levees, dams, or other flood control structures.
(c) Report by Comptroller General.--Not later than 6 months after the date on which the Administrator submits the report required under subsection (b), the Comptroller General of the United States shall-- (1) review the report submitted by the Administrator; and (2) submit to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives a report that contains-- (A) an analysis of the report submitted by the Administrator; (B) any comments or recommendations of the Comptroller General relating to the report submitted by the Administrator; and (C) any other recommendations of the Comptroller General relating to community-based flood insurance policies.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to the rule, the gentleman from Missouri (Mr. Luetkemeyer) and the gentlewoman from Wisconsin (Ms. Moore) each will control 20 minutes.
General Leave Mr. LUETKEMEYER. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members have 5 legislative days within which to revise and extend their remarks and submit extraneous materials for the Record on H.R. 1035.
I rise today in support of H.R. 1035, legislation introduced by my Financial Services Committee colleague, Congresswoman Gwen Moore, and chairman emeritus, Spencer Bachus.
H.R. 1035 would require the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the agency which administers the National Flood Insurance Program, or NFIP, to conduct a study on the advantages and disadvantages of providing voluntary community-based flood insurance through the NFIP and report its recommendations for implementation to Congress within 18 months.
Additionally, H.R. 1035 requires the Government Accountability Office to analyze FEMA's report and submit its comments or recommendations to Congress within 6 months.
[[Page H1340]] Community-based flood insurance is an insurance technique where a risk assessment is made for all the buildings in the community, and then premiums to cover that risk are paid collectively by that community, rather than the current practice of assessing each building individually and having each individual owner pay a premium.
This innovative tool may represent a new and better way for some communities at risk of flooding to take the necessary steps to protect their citizens. In fact, FEMA has stated in congressional testimony that voluntary community-based flood insurance could help NFIP better account for the full cost of flood risk, as well as provide incentives to encourage communities to implement greater flood mitigation measures.
Thus, we think that it is appropriate to commission this study of the community-based flood insurance concept so that FEMA can understand how it could be put to its greatest benefit.
Congresswoman Moore's community-based flood insurance study provision was originally included as part of H.R. 1309, the Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2011, the bipartisan, long-term NFIP reauthorization that passed the House with over 400 votes in 2011. It was also included as part of the long-term NFIP reauthorization efforts that passed the House three other times in different bills in 2012.
An identical bill passed as a stand-alone on September 10, 2012, by a vote of 346-11, so I think you can see that we've had this issue before us many times. It's always been supported. I urge the support for H.R. 1035.
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0.956447 |
Find out the advantages, limitations, features, and the architecture of Apache Phoenix.
While RDBMS (Relational Database Management systems) have been popular for decades (and will continue to remain so), in recent time, we have seen the emergence and acceptance of databases/datastores that are not based on relational technology concepts. Such databases are typically called NoSQL, with the team initially meaning "Not SQL," but has come to mean "Not only SQL." When the NoSQL database was released, they did not support the popular SQL interface. Each of the databases had their own API for data access and manipulation, but with the passage of time, a few solutions were developed on top of existing NoSQL databases that supported the SQL interface. For example, the Hive datastore was created on top of HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System) to provide a "table-like" interface to data and it supports many features of SQL 92. Similarly, though HBase is a column store, an SQL interface was defined. This interface is Phoenix.
Apache Phoenix is fully integrated with other Hadoop products such as Spark, Hive, Pig, Flume, and Map Reduce. It takes an SQL query, compiles it into a series of HBase scans, and orchestrates the running of those scans to produce regular JDBC result sets. Direct use of the HBase API, along with coprocessors and custom filters, results in performance on the order of milliseconds for small queries, or seconds for tens of millions of rows.
Architecturally, Phoenix works by using two components, namely a server component and a client component. The client component is nothing but the Phoenix JDBC driver and is used by each client that connects to HBase using Phoenix. On the server side, a Phoenix component resides on each RegionServer in HBase.
When Phoenix is brought into the picture, we have to note that there are two components — a server-side component that resides on the each RegionServer, and the client-side JDBC library. This diagram depicts the server side component.
Let us now consider a simple example using the Phoenix API.
To run the example, we need to include the Phoenix client jar containing the JDBC classes, for example, we can use phoenix-4.1.0-client-hadoop2.jar.
When compared to the example presented in "HBase, Phoenix, and Java Part 1," accessing the data stored in HBase is way simpler using Phoenix.
It is delivered as an embedded JDBC driver for HBase data.
It can seamlessly integrate with HBase, Pig, Flume, and Sqoop.
Custom filters to prune data as close to the source as possible in addition, to minimize any startup cost.
In a single line, we can say that direct use of the HBase API, along with coprocessors and custom filters, results in performance on the order of milliseconds for small queries or seconds for tens of millions of rows.
For aggregate queries, co-processors complete partial aggregation on their local region servers and only return relevant data to the client.
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0.999999 |
This article is from the source ' bbc ' and was first published or seen on July 25, 2007 21:25 (UTC) . It will not be checked again for changes.
Emergency supplies of clean water are running out in Gloucester following the recent flooding crisis. Water company bosses have asked the government for urgent help in providing clean supplies to flood-hit Gloucester, amid fears they are running out.
The local water company has asked the government for urgent help, with 350,000 people still without tap water. Severn Trent Water says 350,000 people are without tap water and it could be two weeks before supplies are restored.
In his second visit to the region since the floods, Gordon Brown - who earlier pledged £46m for flood-hit councils - said more bottled water was on the way. Many residents say they have struggled to find any mobile street dispensers - known as bowsers - with water in them.
Gordon Brown, who had earlier pledged £46m for flood-hit councils, promised that more water supplies were coming.
Fresh floods have also hit Oxford while areas further along the Thames have been told water levels may peak later. Fresh floods have also hit Oxford while areas further along the Thames have been told water levels may peak later.
Homes were evacuated in Oxford overnight while places including Reading, Henley and Caversham are braced for similar flooding. Homes were evacuated in Oxford overnight while places including Reading, Henley and Caversham are braced for similar flooding.
Gordon Brown also told the House of Commons he would push insurance firms to make payouts.
The Environment Agency still has six severe flood warnings in place - three on the Severn - in Gloucester, Tewkesbury and Worcester - two on the Thames around Oxford, and one on the Ock, near Abingdon, Oxfordshire. The Environment Agency still has six severe flood warnings in place - three on the Severn - in Gloucester, Tewkesbury and Worcester - two on the Thames around Oxford, and one on the Ock, near Abingdon, Oxfordshire.
BBC weather forecasters said flood-hit areas would see heavy rain of 10mm to 15mm on Thursday. BBC weather forecasters said flood-hit areas would see heavy rain of 10mm to 15mm on Thursday, which could slow the speed at which waters recede.
These levels are not expected to make the flooding worse but could slow the speed at which waters recede. In Gloucestershire, water supplies were cut off after a treatment plant flooded.
class="bodl" href="#anchor">See map of severe flood warnings name="back"> Severn Trent Water is supplying more than 1,000 bowsers, while the Army delivered four million bottles of water on Wednesday.
Water levels in the Thames around Oxford rose throughout the night and are expected to peak later.
The Environment Agency said the river had breached its banks in Henley early on Wednesday evening and flooding was possible. It is expected waters will rise in Reading and Caversham later.
Waters are also predicted to peak at Pangbourne, Purley-on-Thames and Mapledurham on Wednesday evening, with residents braced for floods.
It is predicted Windsor, Eton and Maidenhead will escape flooding while Marlow, Cookham, and Staines will see limited flooding later this week.
Responding to questions in the House of Commons Mr Brown said all councils affected by the floods would receive 100% compensation.
He said £46m had been made available by the government in the immediate future and annual spending on flood protection would rise to £800m by 2010/11.
Meanwhile, the RSPCA has launched an appeal for donations, saying the rescue of pets and farm animals has already cost £300,000 and involved the biggest deployment of its staff for a generation.
Of those evacuated in Oxford, about 30 people went to a shelter set up at Oxford United Football Club's Kassam stadium while another 250 decided to stay with family and friends.
Those who stayed in their homes told how water began flowing in at about 0300 BST.
Angela MacKeith, 61, said: "We are under 2ft of water throughout the house.
"The awful thing is that this time last year we were in the same situation after a flash flood.
"It appeared to be bubbling straight up from the water table."
The Environment Agency's Robert Runcie said it was not the Thames causing the problems in Oxford, but the tributaries flowing into it and creating the higher levels.
There had been concerns about Osney Mead substation, which supplies power to Oxford city centre, but this has now receded, according to the county council.
In Gloucestershire, water supplies have been cut off after a treatment plant flooded. Those without tap water have been getting supplies, but could be cut off for up to 14 days.
Severn Trent Water is supplying water tankers known as bowsers, while the army is delivering three million bottles of water a day from a base Cheltenham racecourse.
But Gloucestershire's Chief Constable Tim Brain said there had been instances of people "behaving most selfishly", using "very large receptacles" to empty bowsers and trying to resell water at inflated prices. But Gloucestershire's Chief Constable Tim Brain said there had been instances of people "behaving most selfishly", using "very large receptacles" to empty bowsers and trying to resell water at inflated prices.
"That is simply theft and it is being treated as theft," he said. "That is simply theft and it is being treated as theft," he said.
A Severn Trent spokesman said they were aiming to do four or five refills per day but that one bowser could be emptied in less than half an hour if people filled up large containers.
Prime Minister Gordon Brown, on his second visit to the region since the floods, said great efforts were being made to help those without water, but added: "We've got to get the supplies stepped up.
"We will get more tankers in, we will get more bowsers in, we will get more regular filling of them, and at the same time, more bottled water will be provided." "We will get more tankers in, we will get more bowsers in, we will get more regular filling of them, and at the same time, more bottled water will be provided."
The prime minister said the loss of water supply was a "disappointment", but insisted a government review of the flood crisis and the response to it would look at whether similar problems could be avoided in future. He said a government review of the flood crisis and the response to it would look at whether similar problems could be avoided in future.
'War-time spirit' Mr Brown also told the House of Commons he would push insurance firms to make payouts.
Long queues formed in supermarket car parks on Wednesday as people waited to collect their daily ration of six two-litre bottles of water. Responding to questions in the Commons, Mr Brown said all councils affected by the floods would receive 100% compensation.
He said that besides immediate spending, annual funds for flood protection would rise to £800m by 2010/11.
In Gloucestershire long queues formed in supermarket car parks as people waited to collect their daily ration of six two-litre bottles of water.
At Tesco in Quedgeley residents said the crisis had fostered a war-time spirit. At Tesco in Quedgeley residents said the crisis had fostered a war-time spirit.
Reginald Davies, 91, who fought during the Second World War, said: "I did five days without water in Burma. Reginald Davies, 91, who fought during World War II, said: "I did five days without water in Burma.
"I've seen men go mad from thirst. This is nothing. The worst thing is getting out of bed in the morning at 91 to get water." "I've seen men go mad from thirst. This is nothing."
Five brewing companies, Coors, Carlsberg, Scottish and Newcastle, Inbev and Greene King, have offered the use of 23 beer tankers to help with the delivery of drinking water.
Dr Brain said it could take seven to 14 days to restore supplies, but advised people to remain calm as there was enough water for everyone.
Severn Trent Water said on Wednesday evening that it hoped to use a temporary solution to restore water supply to 10,000 homes in Tewkesbury from Thursday. Severn Trent Water said on Wednesday evening that it hoped to use a temporary solution to restore water supply to 10,000 homes in Tewkesbury from Thursday.
Gloucestershire County Council's chief executive Peter Bungard said the council had received 10,000 calls for help and advice since Monday morning. Meanwhile police said Mitchell Taylor, 19, who has not been seen since leaving a bar in Tewkesbury at the height of the floods on Saturday, was still missing.
He said there were about 25,000 elderly and vulnerable adults in the county and that 1,400 portable toilets had been ordered for those most in need.
Gloucestershire Police said teenager Mitchell Taylor, 19, who has not been seen since the height of the floods was still missing.
He disappeared after leaving a bar in Tewkesbury in the early hours of Saturday. It is not known if his disappearance is related to the floods.
There have been calls for the government to seek money from the EU's Solidarity Fund to help cover costs arising from the floods.
Conservative MEP for the South West Neil Parish said: "There's money available to restore the infrastructure for drinking water, transport, telecommunications, health and education."
The European Commission's Anthony Gooch told the BBC: "If Britain wants money from the Solidarity Fund then there's every chance it will get it. A major disaster of these proportions is exactly the sort of unfortunate event that we created this facility for."
Have you been affected by the evacuation? How are the drinking water supplies so far? The BBC would like to hear from anyone affected by the floods. Please use the form below to tell us about your experiences. Have you been affected by the evacuation? How are the drinking water supplies so far? The BBC would like to hear from anyone affected by the floods. Please use the form below to tell us about your experiences.
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0.996357 |
George Graham will be reunited with old friends from Arsenal at East Herts Golf Club on Monday to resume a rivalry with those who used to knock lumps out of his side in the name of Tottenham Hotspur.
Lee Dixon and Nigel Winterburn, from Graham's fabled back four who were renowned for their miserly defending, will be amongst those staging a more genteel duel against men like Martin Peters, Martin Chivers and Ossie Ardiles, representing Tottenham's former stars seeking to retain the upperhand they established when they last met.
As ever, there will be pride and prejudice at stake as memories of old battles are relived.
'Our captain, Frank McLintock, graciously accepted defeat last year by telling the Tottenham boys that it was little wonder we lost because, clearly, while we were training hard and winning trophies, they had obviously spent much of their time on the golf course,' said Graham.
Yet behind the light-hearted reproach to the Spurs legends of yesteryear, Graham is genuinely fearful that the pendulum of power - on the pitch as well as the golf course - will be shown to have swung in Spurs' favour after the 167th North London derby at White Hart Lane on Sunday afternoon.
'For the first time I can remember, I think Tottenham have a better team than Arsenal,' said Graham.
The admission pains him. Graham may have managed Tottenham for two and a half years and ended the club's search for a major trophy when they won the League Cup in 1999, but the 66-year-old Scot's heart beats hardest for Arsenal.
There he won championship medals as a player and during his nine years as a manager when he built success on a solid defence. 'I am concerned by what's been happening, by the club's slide,' he said.
Just two days after Arsene Wenger celebrated his 15th anniversary as Arsenal manager, his latest team, stripped of Cesc Fabregas and Samir Nasri, will be exposed to the ambition of a team Spurs manager Harry Redknapp is determined to make the best team in the capital.
While Arsenal sold this summer, Spurs resisted a £40million bid from Chelsea for playmaker Luka Modric, which again tilted the tectonic plates on which football shifts in north London in favour of Spurs.
And Graham's respect for Wenger's remarkable record cannot conceal his anxiety that Arsenal's time as a major force in the land is no longer guaranteed. 'I admire what Arsene has brought to the club, the beautiful football his team's have played, and the success he has brought to Arsenal,' said Graham.
Graham is no longer confident that Arsenal's place in the Champions League, cemented by Wenger for the past 14 years, is a foregone conclusion. He argued: 'It's the first time in his life that Arsene has had to deal with a big blip and, through his record, he has rightly earned the time from the Arsenal board to rectify matters. Yet there do seem to be more answers than questions right now - and that's sad.
'Are Arsenal slipping because they cannot - will not - pay to buy really top class players? Or break their wage structure? Six years ago, Arsenal went through an entire season in the Premier League without losing a game as that team, The Invincibles, had not one, but many world class players: Thierry Henry, Patrick Vieira, Dennis Bergkamp, Gilberto, Robert Pires, Ashley Cole.
'Who's world class for Arsenal today? Robin van Persie, possibly; Jack Wilshere maybe in the future, but that's it. Are Arsene's hands tied in the transfer market?
'Why didn't Arsenal sign replacements for Fabregas, who was obviously looking to leave, and Nasri before they were sold? Instead, Arsene was reduced to signing Per Mertesacker, Mikel Arteta, Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain, Ju-Young Park, Andre Santos and Yossi Benayoun all at the last minute.
'No one from the club has said we have enough money for Arsene to buy whoever he wants. I'm not talking about a £10m player, I'm talking about players of real quality, those costing £30m to make a big difference. Even though Arsenal haven't won a trophy for six years, they have still been close. Last season, they were in the hunt for four trophies until the last couple of months, but still came up with nothing.
No way through: Graham built his Arsenal success on the foundation of a solid defence, including the likes of Tony Adams, Nigel Winterburn and Steve Bould.
'Was that a surprise? Not to me. Arsenal again declined to buy the kind of quality players in the January transfer window that could have given them the impetus to win something.
Eight goals were conceded by Arsenal at Manchester United and four more flew into their net at Blackburn. Wenger's pride has been hurt but he railed against suggestions he should hire a specialist defensive coach.
Graham built a reputation, and filled a trophy cabinet, on his back four of Dixon, Steve Bould (or Martin Keown), Adams, Winterburn together with keeper David Seaman. 'The way we were set up, we'd never have conceded eight goals and I'm proud of that,' said Graham.
'I was brought up to understand that everything you get has to be earned. I felt if you are going to build anything you have to have a good foundation.
Tottenham's defence is far from watertight but Graham believes Redknapp's capture of ex-Arsenal striker Emmanuel Adebayor on loan provides a critical outlet for the attacking instincts of Modric, Rafael van der Vaart and, critically, wide players Gareth Bale and Aaron Lennon.
'Tottenham's football, very exciting under Harry, now has an end product,' said Graham. 'Adebayor's a good signing, and he'll be hard to stop. Harry's the right man to manage him, but a loan deal is key because with his past, at Arsenal and City, it's valid to ask: how long will he be at Tottenham?
Graham expects plenty of banter on Monday, when the old boys from the Gunners and Spurs raise money for the Willow Foundation, former Arsenal keeper Bob Wilson's charity for seriously ill children.
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0.989014 |
Isotopes [ahy-suh-tohps] are atoms with the same number of protons, but differing numbers of neutrons. In other words, the have different atomic weights. Isotopes are different forms of a single element.
Isotopes are samples of an element with different numbers of neutrons in their atoms.
The number of protons for different isotopes of an element does not change.
Not all isotopes are radioactive. Stable isotopes either never decay or else decay very slowly. Radioactive isotopes undergo decay.
When an isotope decays, the starting material is the parent isotope. The resulting material is the daughter isotope.
There are 275 isotopes of the 81 stable elements. There are over 800 radioactive isotopes, some of which are natural and some synthetic. Every element on the periodic table has multiple isotope forms. The chemical properties of isotopes of a single element tend to be nearly identical. The exception would be the isotopes of hydrogen since the number of neutrons has such a significant effect on the size of the hydrogen nucleus. The physical properties of isotopes are different from each other since these properties often depend on mass. This difference may be used to separate isotopes of an element from each other by using fractional distillation and diffusion.
With the exception of hydrogen, the most abundant isotopes of the natural elements have the same number of protons and neutrons. The most abundant form of hydrogen is protium, which has one proton and no neutrons.
List the mass number of an element after its name or element symbol. For example, an isotope with 6 protons and 6 neutrons is carbon-12 or C-12. An isotope with 6 protons and 7 neutrons is carbon-13 or C-16. Note the mass number of two isotopes may be the same, even though they are different elements. For example, you could have carbon-14 and nitrogen-14.
Carbon 12 and Carbon 14 are both isotopes of carbon, one with 6 neutrons and one with 8 neutrons (both with 6 protons). Carbon-12 is a stable isotope, while carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope (radioisotope).
Uranium-235 and uranium-238 occur naturally in the Earth's crust. Both have long half-lives. Uranium-234 forms as a decay product.
The term "isotope" was introduced by the British chemist Frederick Soddy in 1913, as recommended by Margaret Todd. The word means "having the same place" from the Greek words isos "equal" (iso-) + topos "place". Isotopes occupy the same place on the periodic table even though isotopes of an element have different atomic weights.
When radioisotopes undergo radioactive decay, the initial isotope may be different from the resulting isotope. The initial isotope is called the parent isotope, while the atoms produced by the reaction are called daughter isotopes. More than one type of daughter isotope may result.
As an example, when U-238 decays into Th-234, the uranium atom is the parent isotopes, while the thorium atom is the daughter isotope.
Most stable isotopes don't undergo radioactive decay, but a few do. If an isotope undergoes radioactive decay very, very slowly, it may be termed stable. An example is bismuth-209. Bismuth-209 is a stable radioactive isotope that undergoes alpha-decay, but has a half-life of 1.9 x 1019 years (which is more than a billion times longer than the estimated age of the universe). Tellurium-128 undergoes beta-decay with a half-life estimated to be 7.7 x 1024 years!
Alexander Thomas Cameron, Radiochemistry (London, England: J. M. Dent & Sons, 1910), p. 141.
Soddy, Frederick (1913). "Intra-atomic charge". Nature. 92 (2301): 399–400.
Strömholm, Daniel and Svedberg, Theodor (1909) "Untersuchungen über die Chemie der radioactiven Grundstoffe II." (Investigations into the chemistry of the radioactive elements, part 2), Zeitschrift für anorganischen Chemie, 63: 197–206.
Thomson, J. J. (1912). "XIX. Further experiments on positive rays". Philosophical Magazine. Series 6. 24 (140): 209.
Do You Know What a Chemical Element Is?
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0.982428 |
ArcGIS SVR GP Service: How to deliver output file to user?
I'm sure this is a really elementary solution, I'm just over thinking it. I have this really simple model that takes a feature class and converts it to a GPX.
Then published it successfully after registering the folder where the PY code is.
When I run the GP tool from the GIS Server connection in Arc Cat, I can see that the output GPX file is going to the jobs directory, but how can I get that file? The whole point of this is to have a simple-click-one-button tool so users can get a GPX file back on their hard drive.
"""Return a pretty-printed XML string for the Element.
arcpy.AddWarning("Input data is not projected in WGS84,"
valuesDict["NAME"] = row[fieldNameDict["NAME"]] if "NAME" in fields else " "
valuesDict["DESCRIPT"] = row[fieldNameDict["DESCRIPT"]] if "DESCRIPT" in fields else " "
formatted_time = row_time if row_time else " "
formatted_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ", time.gmtime(0)) if zerodate else " "
# check to see if data was original GPX with "Type" of "TRKPT" or "WPT"
This worked for me when using data drive pages.
output = targetJobname + ".pdf"
Thanks. Based on https://community.esri.com/thread/104530#comment-388705 , Custom Geoprocessing Tool Reporting for ArcGIS online , Geoprocessing Service Output File scratch directory path to url , and Geoprocessing Service Output Directory that seems to be the path. But I'm having a hard time figuring out how to a) replicate your example in my specific situation, and b) how to present the file to the user. Where this is all leading to, I'm hoping to embed the GP service in the GP Widget in WAB, with similar functionality as how Tutorial: Publishing additional services for printing—Documentation | ArcGIS for Server works in WAB: delivering a click-to-download pdf. In this case, I need a click-to-download gpx file. But first I have to figure out how to make the underlying logic work. Thanks!
Hit execute, same result: nothing.
Am I missing something elementary-obvious or does this workflow only work with the export-web-map-to-pdf task example?
Once I polish up the workflow I'll document it in a blog.
Opps looks like I missed this last line in my copy and paste which may do it. Really sorry about that.
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0.985647 |
Until recently, the mining and metals industry lagged in adopting and implementing technology tools. In the past few years the industry has expanded its use of automated and digital technology, but now it faces a shortage of digital executives who can effectively manage these tools. Even when mining and metal companies employ executives with these capabilities, they frequently do not place them in positions with the authority to truly transform the business.
During September 2018, the Egon Zehnder Mining and Metals team analysed the top 40 mining and metals companies worldwide and found that only 28% of them have created or expanded senior leadership roles that focus on digitalisation (for example, augmented reality, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and blockchain).
So far, most of the efforts to digitise the mining and metals industry have been disjointed and piecemeal, occurring in isolated parts of the company or in niche areas.
Some companies have significantly changed the scale and pace of operations for mining and metal refining companies. For example, blockchain technology has transformed the way De Beers, a diamond exploration and mining company, is able to track a diamond across the value chain, using a system called Tracr. Gold producer Iamgold has also focused on blockchain, investing in fintech firm Emergent Technology Holdings, a gold supply chain and digital token platform. Back on the ground, Rio Tinto and BHP are employing fully automated mines operated via remote control centres located offsite as part of their innovation efforts.
In addition, Egon Zehnder's study found that executives with relevant skills, such as automation or telematics, are typically appointed below the C-suite, which may not give them the seniority or perspective needed to drive an organisation-wide digital strategy.
While these skilled executives can translate the application of digital initiatives within a technical mining environment, they may not be capable of driving a holistic digital transformation, which requires fully examining the strategy, culture, commitment, and capability of their organisation to deliver.
How can metals and mining companies get the talent they need into the right positions? One way is to consider talent from outside of the industry. The type and level of appointment of these executives largely depends on the nature or scale of the innovation strategy; however, given the fundamental changes in other industries, a C-suite appointment will emphasise the transformational focus.
Since her appointment, BHP has made significant strides in globalising its technology function, in part by combining research and development, program delivery, and operational technology. BHP's new technology-enabled operating model allows for the application of a "systems engineering approach" to all operations, exploration, and development activities.
This makes it possible to analyse mine lifecycles, identify constraints, and prioritise investments across BHP's global asset portfolio, which is composed of 12 core assets, two seaports and more than 1,000km of rail network. Perhaps most importantly, it facilitates rapid replication of best practices across their operations.
Egon Zehnder has found that irrespective of the digital leader organisations require, there are four qualities great leaders share.
Companies that take advantage of technology may not only find cost-savings as an incentive, but also make risky jobs much safer by utilising technology and machinery instead of people.
*Heloise Nel is global mining and metals practice leader at Egon Zehnder, based in Johannesburg. Sameera Sandhu is a global mining and metals segment specialist with the firm in New Delhi.
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0.965519 |
Georgia is a US state bordered on the south by Florida; on the east by the Atlantic Ocean and South Carolina; on the west by Alabama; and on the north by Tennessee and North Carolina. The northern part of the state is in the Blue Ridge Mountains, a mountain range in the mountain system of the Appalachians. The central piedmont extends from the foothills to the fall line, where the rivers cascade up in elevation to the continental coastal plain of the southern part of the state. The highest point in Georgia is Brasstown Bald, 4,784 feet (1,458 m); the lowest point is sea level.
The capital is Atlanta, in the north central part of Georgia, and the peach is a symbol of the state. The state is an important producer of pecans, cotton, tobacco, and forest products, notably the so-called "naval stores" such as turpentine and rosin from the pine forests.
Georgia is also the largest state, in land area, east of the Mississippi River, since West Virginia seceded from Virginia during the Civil War. Michigan (96,810 square miles), Florida (65,768 square miles), and Wisconsin (65,603 square miles) are all larger than Georgia (59,441 square miles) when accounting for both land and water area.
Early on, a number of Spanish explorers visited the inland region of Georgia, leaving a trail of destruction behind them. The local moundbuilder culture, described by Hernando de Soto in 1540, had completely disappeared by 1560.
The conflict between Spain and Britain over control of Georgia began in earnest in about 1670, when the British, moving south from their Carolina colony in present-day South Carolina, met the Spanish moving north from their base in Florida. In 1724, it was first suggested the British colony there be called Province of Georgia in honor of King George II.
Massive British settlement began in the year 1732 with James Oglethorpe, an Englishman in the British parliament, who promoted using the area as a debtors' prison. On February 12, 1733, 113 settlers landed in the HMS Anne at what was to become the city of Savannah. This day is now known as Georgia Day, which is not a public holiday but is mainly observed in schools and by some local civic groups. In 1752, Georgia became a royal colony. Georgia's first constitution came in 1777 but was later changed.
Georgia was one of the thirteen colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution. It was the last of the thirteen colonies to be established as a colony. It became the fourth state after ratifying the United States Constitution on January 2, 1788.
On January 18, 1861 Georgia joined the Confederacy and became a major theater of the American Civil War. In December 1864, a large swath of the state from Atlanta to Savannah was destroyed during General William Tecumseh Sherman's March to the Sea. This event served as the historical background for the 1936 novel Gone with the Wind and the 1939 film of the same name. On July 15, 1870, following Reconstruction, Georgia became the last former Confederate state to be readmitted to the Union.
On February 19, 1953, Georgia became the first U.S. state to approve a literature censorship board in the United States.
Georgia has had five "permanent" state capitals: colonial Savannah, which later alternated with Augusta; then for a decade at Louisville (pronounced Lewis-ville), and from 1806 through the American Civil War, at Milledgeville. In 1868, Atlanta became the fifth capital of the state. The state's legislature also met at other temporary sites, including Macon, especially during the Civil War.
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0.968251 |
Following nearly 5 years of exploration in mountainous areas of the southern Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest, a team of researchers has uncovered seven new species of a highly miniaturized, brightly colored frog genus known as Brachycephalus. Each species is remarkably endemic, being restricted to cloud forests in one or a few adjacent mountaintops, thus making them highly vulnerable to extinction, particularly due to shifts in the distribution of cloud forest due to climate change.
The Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil harbors a highly unique group of frogs that have intrigued naturalists for over a century. Known as Brachycephalus, these frogs are among the smallest terrestrial vertebrates, with adult sizes often not exceeding 1 cm in length, leading to a variety of changes in their body structure, such as reduction in the number of toes and fingers. In addition, many species of Brachycephalus are brightly colored, possibly as a warning to the presence of a highly potent neurotoxin in their skin known as tetrodotoxin.
Most species of Brachycephalus are highly endemic, being found exclusively on one, or a few, adjacent mountaintops. Such high levels of endemism is caused by their adaptation to a specific kind of habitat - the cloud forests - which simultaneously prevents them from migrating across valleys and promotes the formation of new species.
The first species of Brachycephalus was described in 1842 by the famous German naturalist Johann Baptist von Spix, yet most species in the genus have been discovered only in the past decade, particularly due to their highly endemic nature and the difficulty in reaching remote montane sites. Over the course of five years of fieldwork, a team of researchers has provided the largest addition to the known diversity of Brachycephalus, with seven new species.
Luiz Ribeiro, a research associate to the Mater Natura Institute for Environmental Studies, is optimistic about the prospects for future studies "This is only the beginning, especially given the fact that we have already found additional species that we are in the process of formally describing."
A major concern regarding the new species is that the same factors that led to their endemism might also be a ticket to their extinction. Cloud forests are highly sensitive to climatic changes, and the long-term preservation of these species might involve not only the protection of their habitats but also more direct management efforts, such as rearing in captivity.
The study, titled "Seven new microendemic species of Brachycephalus (Anura: Brachycephalidae) from southern Brazil", was published today in PeerJ, a peer-reviewed open access journal in which all articles are freely available to everyone.
Brachycephalus (Anura: Brachycephalidae) is a remarkable genus of miniaturized frogs of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest. Many of its species are highly endemic to cloud forests, being found only on one or a few mountaintops. Such level of microendemism might be caused by their climatic tolerance to a narrow set of environmental conditions found only in montane regions. This restriction severely limits the chance of discovery of new species, given the difficulty of exploring these inaccessible habitats. Following extensive fieldwork in montane areas of the southern portion of the Atlantic Rainforest, in this study we describe seven new species of Brachycephalus from the states of Paraná and Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. These species can be distinguished from one another based on coloration and the level of rugosity of the skin in different parts of their body. These discoveries increase considerably the number of described species of Brachycephalus in southern Brazil.
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0.943421 |
Why do we celebrate Diwali? It’s not just the festive mood in the air that makes you happy, or just that it’s a good time to enjoy before the advent of winter. There are several reasons why Diwali is a great time to celebrate.
And there are good reasons not just for Hindus but also for all others to celebrate this great Festival of Lights.
On this very day (Diwali day), Lord Vishnu in his fifth incarnation as Vaman-avtaara rescued Lakshmi from the prison of King Bali and this is another reason of worshipping Ma Larkshmi on Diwali.
According to the epic ‘Ramayana’, it was the new moon day of Kartik when Lord Ram, Sita and Lakshman returned to Ayodhya after vanquishing Ravana and conquering Lanka. The citizens of Ayodhya decorated the entire city with the earthen lamps and illuminated it like never before.
One of the greatest Hindu King Vikramaditya was coronated on the Diwali day, hence Diwali became a historical event as well.
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0.992705 |
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0.996456 |
For those without comedic tastes, the so-called experts at Wikipedia have an article about Boston Tea Party.
Fox News offering their 'fair and balanced' view of the situation in Boston Harbour.
The Boston Tea Party is unique amongst violent revolutionary acts in having a really girly name. When the Bolsheviks stormed the Winter Palace, they didn't call it "Mrs. Lenin's Soiree", did they? When the French beheaded Louis XVI they didn't call it "The Paris Sleepover", and they were French, so they had an excuse for acting like teenage schoolgirls. The Boston Tea Party was obviously held in Pearl Harbor, a large bay in California.
Thomas Jefferson (left) and Benjamin Franklin (right) at the Boston Tea Party.
The colonists formed a to organize the party. The congress consisted of Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin,and Gomez Addams as well as George Washington Carver and his evil twin Benedict Arnold Carver. Whilst the others were organising the teacakes and cucumber sandwiches, Jefferson was left in charge of making the tea. The others advised Earl Grey tea but Jefferson declared himself far too independent to take their advice and ordered Chai tea instead. Since all right thinking people hate and despise Chai tea, the colonists had one sip of Jefferson's tea (one sip each, obviously) and began rioting furiously.
An alternative theory is that Jefferson, Franklin and others were attempting to set a Guiness World Record for the world's largest cup of tea, by dumping the tea directly into Boston harbour. The results, however, were far too weak, cold and salty to be considered an acceptable cup of tea, and the Guiness Record Book officials declined to approve the record for inclusion. The disappointed participants responded with violence.
King George thought that this rioting was a revolutionary act, and responded by having Tom Scholz, Brad Delp, Barry Goudreau, Sib Hashian, and Fran Sheehan hanged by the neck until dead. This was known as the Boston Massacre.
In order to explain this butchery to the public, King George had his brothers (who were, oddly enough, a rare species of orangutan) all dress up as tea and throw Indians into the harbor. When this didn't work, King George himself tried a couple different methods. In one, he dressed up as a harbor and threw tea into the Indians. When nothing seemed to work, he declared himself legally dead and shipped himself to Zimbabwe. His brothers moved from Boston all the way to what we now call Canada. They are currently the only occupants.
Meanwhile, sometime around the Boston Massacre, and at the time of King George's plans to overthrow the party, the French were devising a silly plan to thwart this tea party, the french, always wanting to be silly and ridiculous, thought of a plan in which they would come to the party with underwear on their heads while doing the macarena, thus showing americans they were the most comedic and wimpy of all nations, Napoelean Bonaparte, evil alien french leader and tinyman extrodinaire divised this particular evil plan, so the french came to the party (including bonaparte) and did their plan as intended, but at the same exact time of their tom foolery, tea was being dumped into the river by rebels of the US who were apparently commies. the americans were scared out of their wits and began drinking the lake, the french seeing this was more silly than doing the macarena with underwear on their heads, got ashamed of their country, France, because apparently they werent' the silliest anymore, it was now the americans who became the most silly. Napolean and his men joined the US rebel "commies" and the rebels helped the French rise again to become the most silly, failing to do so, all they could do consequently was coin the terms "gosh", "tina you fat lard", and "freakin' idiot", which the americans adapted into the feature film Napolean dynamite, replacing Dynamite with Bonaparte, Thus to this day becoming a government conspiracy... and the French, in their own way, never thought themselves to be silly since that one fateful day, at the Boston Tea party followed up by the equally hilarious Boston Massacre.
Incensed by the deaths of their favorite band, the people of the coloniesiesies turned as one to face George III and glowered at him until he got embarrassed and went away. Free from George's oppression the Americans held the War of 1812, but no one noticed.
The Boston Tea Party was also responsible for the birth of the Liberal media conspiracy.
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0.99997 |
Simpson is a company that manufactures safety equipment for racing. The brand was established in 1959. Simpson is one of the top choices for many racers all over the world. They offer a complete lineup of driver safety products including: helmets, suits, gloves, and shoes. They also offer safety equipment for everyday life, such as carseats for infants and toddlers, safety glasses and bike helmets.
Simpson offers many lines of safety products, but I would like to talk about one specific product line, helmets. Simpson offers numerous different styles to accommodate every drivers needs. The various types of racing also require a wide variety of helmet options. Every racing series has different standards for driver safety equipment. For example, NASCAR’s safety standards are different than the World of Outlaws Sprint Car Series. Snell is the company that provides safety standards to Simpson and all other helmet manufacturers. These standards get updated every five years. Most series and racetracks have a “minimum” Snell rating. For example, if a track has a requirement of “Snell 2000” that means the helmet must not be older than the year 2000 due to outdated safety standards.
Simpson has some designs that have been around for many years. Two of the most common “classic” designs are the Bandit and the Speedway Shark. In addition to the classic styles, Simpson offers many modern designs. They are constantly doing research and designing new helmets to keep up with safety standards.
The Bandit is arguably the most popular helmet that Simpson offers. It is easily identified by its pentagon shaped front. It utilizes that shape to cover up your nose to prevent the shield from fogging up while breathing. The Bandit can be used in many forms of racing. Even though it is most common in drag racing, it is still a preferred choice among many stock car, sprint car, and go-kart drivers. The Bandit comes with provisions built in for added safety equipment such as the HANS device. You can also outfit the Bandit with radio communication equipment. The Bandit comes standard in a composite shell, but it is also offered in carbon fiber as a lightweight alternative.
There are a few different variations of the Bandit. One is the Street Bandit, which is a street legal version for motorcycle riders. It is almost identical to the regular Bandit with the exception of a larger visor area for increased peripheral vision. The Drag Bandit is another popular variation which offers a built in “head sock” that provides a fireproof barrier between the drivers head and the helmet.
Another popular classic design is the Speedway Shark. The Speedway Shark has been the most popular choice for circle track drivers for many years. It is easily identified by the extended chin spoiler and the added spoiler on the top of the helmet. The Speedway Shark has distinguished “wave eliminators” to help with aerodynamics in open air applications. It is also compatible with added safety devices like the Hybrid Pro restraint system.The Speedway Shark comes standard in a composite shell, but it is also offered in carbon fiber as a lightweight alternative.
The Speedway Shark has variations to accommodate different applications as well. One variation is the Kart Shark, which is a more economical option for go-kart racers. It is different from the Speedway Shark in the way that it doesn't have the added spoilers on the chin and top. There is also a Jr. Speedway Shark, which is identical to the Speedway Shark but it is a smaller version for younger competitors.
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0.999125 |
I went to see a movie tonight. It was pretty funny/terrible. At one point the main character hijacks a car and then immediately crashes it because he doesn't know how to drive. That is silly, movie!
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0.945898 |
Bariloche, Argentina (CNN) -- During a visit to Argentina 11 years ago, Elena Durón Miranda was horrified to see children as young as 3 years old rummaging through a trash dump for food and valuable materials.
"I saw children collect green sausages, a bag of potato chip crumbs, a bag of noodles with cream, and recovered leftover yogurt next to a diaper," said Durón Miranda, a Mexican psychologist who was visiting Bariloche to do research. "The children began to gently clean the food -- wiping each little noodle, each potato and peeling the sausage skin so methodically and accurately. It was as if they had done this same activity many times."
Durón Miranda said there were maybe 200 children at the dump collecting things to eat and sell.
"At that moment in time, my son was the same age as many of them," said Durón Miranda, now 41. "So that struck me as horrific."
Durón Miranda learned that many children in Bariloche, a popular city for skiers and tourists in southern Argentina, drop out of school and spend their lives working at the dump.
Determined to restore their dignity, Durón Miranda decided to stay in the country and start a nonprofit called PETISOS, which stands for Prevención y Erradicación del Trabajo Infantil SOS (Prevention and Eradication of Child Labor SOS). The organization aims to provide children with free education and extracurricular programs so they have an alternative to working.
Today, approximately 200 boys and girls in Bariloche benefit from PETISOS.
"We carry out very personalized tracking of all the boys and girls we work with," Durón Miranda said. "We work with the families, we work with the schools, we work with the medical or health centers in order to ... get them out of the labor situation."
When she was starting, Durón Miranda first set out to understand what was leading the children to work in the dump.
"I wanted to know what would lead a family to let this happen," she said. "What I did was set up camp inside the garbage dump and work with the children, right alongside them. I picked through garbage, too. I also watched how they got around, everything they did. So the families started to develop a lot of trust in me."
While Argentina has laws against child labor, the majority of working children do so for their families as unpaid laborers, according to the International Labor Organization. Parents don't force their children to work, but the children join in at an early age because work activities often revolve around family networks.
"All parents want a better life for their children than what they had," Durón Miranda said. "However, there are times when their situation is so precarious they have no other way out but for the whole family to work and try to make ends meet."
PETISOS programs are open to anyone in the community, working or nonworking. But involving a working child can be a lengthy process.
Durón Miranda and her team start by tracking a child and observing his or her work habits. After earning the child's trust, which can often take between six months and a year, they set up a meeting with the child's family. Then they develop an integrated plan for helping the child and try to get the family to understand the importance of education.
"When you work in situations where the context is one of such great poverty, it's very difficult to talk to parents about the long term because usually they live in the immediate term," Durón Miranda said. "We tell them that a child that has more years of schooling has the opportunity to get a better job and eventually (make) more money than (they make) doing subsistence work."
PETISOS has a team of professionals and volunteers working with the children to ensure their growth.
The children are enrolled in school and have a tracking group to make sure they attend. There are afterschool workshops held at the PETISOS headquarters, where children can get help with their homework or do art projects. And psychologists, doctors and social workers are also available to work with the children and their families.
Family heads can also receive job training and child-rearing support.
"The parents are happy with the project because they realize we're concerned about the children. ... We give them an incentive to have a better future, a different future," Durón Miranda said.
Oftentimes, there are several children from the same family in the PETISOS program.
Rosa Del Carmen Aguilar is a single mother of seven who used to work in the garbage dump to provide for her family. Durón Miranda's programs helped Aguilar get out of the dump and keep her children out of trouble.
"I didn't have a salary, I didn't have a job, and we always have the need," Aguilar said. "I resorted to her. She was the person I had the most trust in. ... The kids are moving forward, and we've gone a long way."
The group is funded by grants and donations. As a result of PETISOS efforts, many children have gone on to graduate from high school and attend college. There are others who are working stable jobs, and many young women have started families and are more sensitive to the upbringing of their children.
"That's very important for us," Durón Miranda said. "I think that's where we start to break vicious cycles stemming from negligent upbringing and upbringing with mistreatment. I think that's our greatest success to date."
Durón Miranda describes her job as "full-life" rather than "full-time," but she said she can't imagine it any other way.
"The problems these boys and girls are living, and which we spend all our time on, are very painful," she said. "Fortunately, we have the capacity to transform pain into the desire to do something about it."
Want to get involved? Check out this website to see how to help.
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Who are the best Lara Croft Cosplayers of all-time, you may ask?
Lara Croft is, without a doubt, one of the most recognized characters of all time.
With a career spanning 16 video games and three movies, she had become a legend in the gaming industry. So, naturally, when the cosplay bug hits, many choose Ms. Croft as their one of the go-to's.
I love that Renata made Lara a redhead! On top of that, she nails the curious eyes and pouty lips.
Some more wetsuit love! This time, it comes from the first live-action "Tomb Raider" movie. Milla looks like she just stepped offset in skin-tight silver metallic!
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Dear Abby: I have a son with two good friends. They are at my house often and are really good boys. I enjoy them, and I'm glad my son is friendly with them.
The problem is their mothers. Both these women are receptive to playdate invites, but when I see them in social situations, they say very little to me and almost act as if they don't know me. Even when they pick up their kids, talking to them is awkward, and they give the impression they're always in a hurry.
I think you are expecting too much of these women. Because your son is friendly with theirs does not guarantee that the friendship must extend to the parents. If the only thing you have in common with them is the fact that their boys spend time with your son, then it may not be so much a matter of what you "deserve" but what they are comfortable with. If you want to be compensated for the snacks, then say so, but don't expect them to be paid for with friendship ... 'cause it ain't gonna happen.
Dear Abby: I have been widowed for four years and have had the good fortune to meet someone special. I'll call him Jerry. My mother-in-law, whom I am very close to, is still grieving the loss of her son. She says it is hard for her to see Jerry and me together.
Your mother-in-law will always grieve the loss of her son. The question is, is she willing to risk becoming distanced from you and the grandchildren? Talk to her about your relationship with Jerry and explain that you still would like to be a part of her life, but that it will require her to accept the new man in yours.
Dear Abby: My daughter, "Joanne," is 42 and lives at home with me. She's attractive, friendly, well liked and has a good job. She pays all her own bills.
The problem is, she seems stuck in her life. She hasn't dated in years and appears content to just go to work and come home.
Whenever I try to encourage her to get out more, she says, "It is what it is." She's not shy. She's outgoing, so I don't understand. I'd love for her to be independent and have her own apartment. Sometimes she'll turn it around and ask, "Do you WANT me to leave?"
Your daughter has many positive attributes. Has it occurred to you that she may be perfectly happy with her life as it is and not looking for the kind of life you would like her to have? Worrying about her won't do either of you any good. Let the future work itself out. There's an old proverb with much truth in it: "Man plans; God laughs."
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Joining me this week to discuss these top mobile news stories is tech veteran Eric Leandri, the co-founder and CEO of search-engine Qwant, as well as Bart Menayas, the CEO of Yumlist, our App of the Week.
Jean Baptiste Su: Hello, everyone, and welcome back to another episode of This Week In Mobile. It is Saturday, May 5th, 2018. And I'm Jean Baptiste Su, Principal Analyst at Atherton Research and your host. Joining me today to discuss the top mobile news stories of the past seven days is tech veteran Eric Leandri, CEO and co-founder of search engine Qwant. Welcome back to the show, Eric.
Eric Leandri: Hello, JB. How are you?
JBS: Good. It's the morning here in Silicon Valley! And for our listeners that are not familiar with what you do, give us a short elevator pitch about Qwant.
EL: Qwant is the first and only search-engine that protects your privacy and then like our good friends at Google we don't track you when you search online and we don't sell your information to anyone because we don't have any kind of information about you. And so you can use our mobile app Qwant Mobile to start browsing the web in the more discreet way. So, let's try it and if you don't like it you know where to contact me.
JBS: Yes, and I'll be happy to give your personal email to everyone! So there are lots to cover on This Week In Mobile. So let's start with the iPhone X, I mean, everybody was announcing the end of the iPhone X, the death of iPhone X, that Apple was going to end the production. At the beginning of this week, Apple announced during their earnings call that the iPhone X was the best-selling iPhone in the world better than any other iPhones. And we got some figures from different analyst firms, IDC, Strategy Analytics saying that actually, the iPhone X was not only the bestselling iPhone but also the bestselling smartphone in the world, period. So it's just like, you know, everybody got wrong except us, of course.
EL: Yes, we were talking about that last week and it seems that we were not so pessimistic about the iPhone X, but what is very interesting is the differentiation between the sales in the area of the world because in Europe, for example, iPhone X is not the first one. iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus are usually what people are choosing and it seems like China has fallen in love with the iPhone X, they love it, they want it. Everybody wants an iPhone X in China today.
JBS: Yes, that’s incredible. They want an iPhone more than a Huawei or Xiaomi or any of the other Chinese brand.
EL: Yes. Sure. And as you have seen it's a maybe the 4th quarter where a Chinese brand doesn't grow as quick as usual. Huawei has 2% growth and just Xiaomi has a very impressive growth in the Chinese market something like 37% but for others, all the others are going down. Right now, iPhone has convinced Chinese people to switch and I think the price of the iPhone X is one of the good reason to switch to iPhone and also because, in China, an expensive price is another good reason to have it and to show it.
JBS: Right, and so that’s the opposite in Europe apparently where iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus are more popular there than the iPhone X.
EL: It was very complicated to get an iPhone X in Europe at the beginning when everybody wanted to have one. And I have seen a lot of people that switched to an iPhone 8 or 8 Plus at the time instead.
JBS: Yes, and that's a great segue because Huawei announced this week that their new P20 Pro has outsold their previous generation, the P10 Plus, in Europe by 300%. So it seems to be a very popular smartphone in Europe. When I was at the at the launch in Paris, a few weeks ago, the CEO of the Huawei mobile division said they wanted to sell 20 million of the Huawei P20s (there are 3 models, the P20 Pro, P20 and P20 Lite). But if you compare that to iPhone X, let's say last quarter Apple sold 16 million of iPhone X in 3 months.
EL: Yes, known for sure. Huawei has done something incredible because in just span of three years, four years maximum now they are brand that is really well known in Europe. So if you go to most of the tech retail shops you will see Huawei cell phones. So right now and especially with the P20, they just arrived at a great level of brand awareness.
JBS: Another Chinese smartphone company that also is quite successful is Xiaomi. They are the 4th smartphone maker in the world and number 2 in China after Huawei. They've announced this week that they're going IPO in Hong Kong and could raise something like $10 billion with a valuation of a $100 billion. That's going to be the largest IPO in 4 years, since Alibaba, another Chinese company. Xiaomi CEO said they're not going to make a lot of money on hardware - 5% net margin per device at the most - and it seems that instead most of their profits will come out of ads, out of their customers' data. Surely, that’s going to be an issue with privacy in the U.S. and GDPR in Europe.
EL: Yes, and also with Xiaomi AI which is a partnership between Xiaomi and Microsoft. And so it seems that they will try to use AI everywhere in the cell phone to talk, to make payment, to make a lot of other things. But now they want even to add ads everywhere and tracking you. I think it's a good business if you're in China. It's maybe a good business in America, because Google and Facebook are already doing that. But in Europe, with GDPR, they will certainly hit some serious problems and will have to implement the tracking in another way. And I will say based on what I have seen the last weeks in America against Huawei and ZTE, I don't think the U.S. government will let a Chinese company track its citizens like that.
JBS: So that's for sure, that's going to be a big issue and then we're actually preparing the report on this. I mean this is not going to be very well accepted as you said. Huawei and ZTE didn't track - although we don't really know - and they still had lots of problems. But Xiaomi is very open about saying that they're tracking everything that you do.
EL: That's interesting to see how U.S. companies, that already track everybody, will react when it's a Chinese company who says that they do it too. What is interesting for me, is that the presentation of their next mobile phone will be on the 11th of September, just one day before the launch event of the next iPhone. Although some people call Xiaomi, the Apple of China, their business models couldn't be more different: Apple doesn't track you or collect data about you all the time. Xiaomi is more like Google. In Europe today, Xiaomi has 4.4% of the market with a limited presence: in Spain, Italy and Poland and soon in France and the UK.
JBS: Another smartphone news: Nokia. Nokia is back in the U.S. now that ZTE and Huawei are out. It's been a long time, it's been since Microsoft shut down Nokia and their wonderful Nokia Windows phones. Now, Nokia's coming back with the Nokia 6, which is a pure Android One smartphone, a mid-range, at $269 that is still more expensive than ZTE though. But, somebody has to fill the void.
EL: Yes, sure. It's a lot more expensive than the ZTE but you know the Nokia 6 is a nicely designed smartphone.
JBS: Another big news this week at least for the U.S. market and that’s the merger of two mobile carriers T-Mobile and Sprint. They announced they are combining their business and it's going to be a $26.5 billion merger but it's all stock so there's no cash. And the total number of subscribers of the combined company is going to be around $130 million. So we're getting close to AT&T, which is about $145 million and Verizon $150. So we're going from 4 wireless companies down to 3 and now three that are pretty much the same size. Maybe not the same revenue but about the same size in terms of subscribers. And the reason why they wanted to merge is so they have enough money to invest in 5G. In France, I think you have 4 mobile operators right now, right?
EL: Yes, sure. But the size of France and the size of the US is not the same. The investment that they have to do in the U.S. for 5G is huge. But when Free Telecom arrived on the market, they changed the prices in the market and were very aggressive because they launched a plan at just 20 euros, when the others were at 100 euros, with a lot of gigabytes and free phone calls and the capability to do several things like that. So I think that in the U.S., Sprint tries the same kind of things to stay in the market because their valuation has been divided by two to arrive around $26 billion, just before but new operation.
EL: It's a fantastic operation for sure for T-Mobile. But, regarding the prices for consumers, I'm not so sure. U.S. consumers might end paying a lot for 5G connections.
JBS: 5G is going to cost tens of billions of dollars to build here in the U.S. And, we don't think that T-Mobile or Sprint can afford to build a nationwide 5G network as quickly as Verizon or AT&T, but for sure, the merger is going to have a negative effect on consumer prices. I think that just like in France with this 4th operator, prices just go down. So, well to have to wait and see, as this is not yet approved. The Trump Administration has to approve that. That's going to take time.
EL: Yes. Sure. What is very interesting is what you can do in the U.S., let's see, that is totally accepted by the regulator, but what we can do in the US with that kind of big operation who consolidate two big Telcos it's quite impossible in Europe today. Because Orange will be so happy to buy let's say several Telcos around Europe and the Dutch telecom too and together control all of Europe. It's very complicated today.
JBS: Yes, that's the difference. Here we have a free market or so we think. Now, let's move to the last topic of our podcast and that's the App of the Week. And this week, we found a great little app called YumList, which is like Tinder but for food. And I talked to the CEO Bart Menayas earlier today about his app. So, let's listen to what he had to say and if you like it you can use our private invite code TWIM (This Week In Mobile), TWIM, to try it. Let's listen to him.
Bart Menayas: YumList is like Tinder for food. So people post photos of food they like in local restaurants and then other people can look and like in Tinder they can see a stack of photos posted near them. And they're more than photos, they're like little postcards with a bit of text on it that describes what it is and then they can just swipe right if they like it swipe left and they don't. And then everything they swipe right is saved to their YumList which is a fully searchable map of places where they should go eat. But also the more they swipe, we start recommending them specific restaurants that we see they seem to like a lot. And also if some of their friends are on the platform we can match them with their own friends with restaurants that both people both of them like so they can just like to go together. In the age of Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat it's really easy to interact with your friends online but interacting with them in real life is more challenging. And so we felt that food has always been a central part of how people interact offline. We like to say that food is the original social media. And so, we felt that getting people to in a very easy way figure out where this should go have dinner with their friends in a kind of a playful fun way would be a good way to bring people together in real life.
JBS: And what's the business model?
BM: The business model, so right now we're trying to grow. Eventually, it's very difficult for restaurants to market themselves right now. If you're a restaurant owner, you have limited options for marketing. Restaurants can't really advertise because advertising if your restaurant means that you're not a good restaurant. And so right restaurants are hiring PR managers, social media managers, you're trying to get the word out but there's really no recipe for success. What we like to do is to work with them to help get the word out and mostly by amplifying the word, the buzzword of people that are already their fans. So, one thing that YumList does is that it allows people to post photos of their meals at those restaurants when you really like it and then other people can swipe on those cards. If they like it they swipe right if they don't like it they swipe left. We work with restaurants to make sure that certain people get to see certain recommendations from other people. So that's one possible revenue model. The other one is that we actually going to support the delivery and we already support booking through OpenTable and we're going to support delivery. And so they will probably be a referral business there.
JBS: Well, that's it for This Week In Mobile. Thank you again, Eric, for coming.
JBS: And see you all next week.
EL: And I will be very interested to see what food you have chosen in that new application.
JBS: Ramen. For me it's ramen! On that final note, bye bye, everyone.
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How can we remain calm?
Because we live in a world fraught with disruptive situations and a host of related uncertainties, it is reasonable for us to experience various reactions of fear, anxiety and frustration. While we cannot avoid all unhappy circumstances, we can limit the extent to which we are emotionally impacted by the vicissitudes to which we are exposed by choosing to limit their power over us.
This can be accomplished by engaging in daily periods of quiet reflection during which we listen to the inner voice that becomes our source of calm and inner peace. By so doing, we move beyond the settings of discontinuity, because as spiritual being undergoing a human experience, we are able to live in the world, but not be of the world.
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This image shows an infrared data taken by NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope of a region dubbed the "Mountains of Creation." Towering pillars of dust are aglow with the light of embryonic stars (white/yellow). The added detail in the Spitzer image reveals a dynamic region in the process of evolving and creating new stellar life.
Infrared light can travel through dust, while visible light is blocked by it. In this case, infrared light from the stars tucked inside the dusty pillars is escaping and being detected by Spitzer. Also, the dust making up the pillars has been warmed by stars and consequently glows in infrared light, where Spitzer can see it. This is a bit like seeing warm bodies at night with infrared goggles. In summary, Spitzer is both seeing, and seeing through, the dust.
The Spitzer image was taken by the infrared array camera on Spitzer. It is a 4-color composite of infrared light, showing emissions from wavelengths of 3.6 microns (blue), 4.5 microns (green), 5.8 microns (orange), and 8.0 microns (red).
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Shortest path finding in Cypher and how it is planned.
Planning shortest paths in Cypher can lead to different query plans depending on the predicates that need to be evaluated. Internally, Neo4j will use a fast bidirectional breadth-first search algorithm if the predicates can be evaluated whilst searching for the path. Therefore, this fast algorithm will always be certain to return the right answer when there are universal predicates on the path; for example, when searching for the shortest path where all nodes have the Person label, or where there are no nodes with a name property.
If the predicates need to inspect the whole path before deciding on whether it is valid or not, this fast algorithm cannot be relied on to find the shortest path, and Neo4j may have to resort to using a slower exhaustive depth-first search algorithm to find the path. This means that query plans for shortest path queries with non-universal predicates will include a fallback to running the exhaustive search to find the path should the fast algorithm not succeed. For example, depending on the data, an answer to a shortest path query with existential predicates — such as the requirement that at least one node contains the property name='Charlie Sheen' — may not be able to be found by the fast algorithm. In this case, Neo4j will fall back to using the exhaustive search to enumerate all paths and potentially return an answer.
The running times of these two algorithms may differ by orders of magnitude, so it is important to ensure that the fast approach is used for time-critical queries.
When the exhaustive search is planned, it is still only executed when the fast algorithm fails to find any matching paths. The fast algorithm is always executed first, since it is possible that it can find a valid path even though that could not be guaranteed at planning time.
This query can be evaluated with the fast algorithm — there are no predicates that need to see the whole path before being evaluated.
Predicates used in the WHERE clause that apply to the shortest path pattern are evaluated before deciding what the shortest matching path is.
The way the bigger exhaustive query plan works is by using Apply/Optional to ensure that when the fast algorithm does not find any results, a null result is generated instead of simply stopping the result stream. On top of this, the planner will issue an AntiConditionalApply, which will run the exhaustive search if the path variable is pointing to null instead of a path.
An ErrorPlan operator will appear in the execution plan in cases where (i) cypher.forbid_exhaustive_shortestpath is set to true, and (ii) the fast algorithm is not able to find the shortest path.
This query, just like the one above, needs to check that the whole path follows the predicate before we know if it is valid or not. However, the inclusion of the WITH clause means that the query plan will not include the fallback to the slower exhaustive search algorithm. Instead, any paths found by the fast algorithm will subsequently be filtered, which may result in no answers being returned.
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Some great books have been written about Oregon's iconic mountain, and about the winter sports that Mount Hood fans live for.
Here is a list of six strongly recommended mountain reads, either directly about Mount Hood or close enough.
1. On Mount Hood by Jon Bell (2011) tells the story of the mountain in clear, lively prose, from geologic beginnings to first ascents to the development of the Mount Hood winter sports industry. Bell is a local journalist, an avid hiker and climber and an enthusiastic if out-of-practice skier, and he writes with clarity and humor. The chapters on accidents, searches and rescues are particularly riveting. On Mount Hood can be found at book shops including Powell's in Portland, and copies sell on Amazon for $9.19 and up.
2. Backcountry Ski & Snowboard Routes in Oregon by Christopher Van Tilburg guides experienced backcountry adventurers on 86 routes in Oregon including 31 on Mount Hood. The routes vary in difficulty from the Glade Trail connecting Timberline to Govy, to the tricky terrain of Cooper Spur on the north side of the mountain. Van Tilburg, a Hood River physician and Crag Rat search-and-rescue guy, is thorough and solid, and his writing is clear and smooth. You can find his book at REI, Powell's or on Amazon for as low as $4.56.
3. Mount Hood: A Complete History by Jack Grauer (1975) is a thoroughly documented and entertaining read packed with stories about mountain pioneers such as Perry Vickers, Elijah Coalman and Donald G. Onthank. Grauer writes with vigor and wit, and he is not afraid to be blunt on subjects such as the failed Ski-way tram debacle. The prevailing tone, however, is one of deep respect for Mount Hood and its heritage. You can pick up a copy used on Amazon for $20.
4. Timberline Lodge: A Love Story, edited by Jon Tullis (2010), is a glossy coffee table book with chapters about the building of the lodge, the art and culture inspired by it and the growth of the year-round snow sports scene on the south side of Mount Hood. The photographs in this book are downright jaw-dropping. It is published by the company that runs Timberline Lodge, so you can always find a new copy for $39.95 in the shops there. It is also available through Amazon used for $22.91 and up.
5. Mastering Snowboarding by Hannah Teter and Tawnya Schultz (2013) is not specifically about Mount Hood, but it is an excellent guide for riders of all levels. Olympic gold medalist Hannah Teter and writer Tawnya Schultz show readers exactly what they need to learn to move from linked turns to riding switch to tail grabs to backflips. You can get a used copy on Amazon for $12.26.
6. White Heat: The Extreme Skiing Life by Wayne Johnson (2007) isn't about Mount Hood either, but it is a great read. Johnson, a novelist, writing teacher and ski patroller, guides you through every aspect of the sport as he advances from competitive racing and ski jumping as a kid in Minnesota to patrolling in Utah as an adult. Along the way he delves into big mountain riding, terrain park culture and avalanche blasting in gnarly terrain. With great characters and stories, this is just a good, fun read for anyone who loves skiing. I found my copy at Powell's. Don't ask me how, but some folks are selling it through Amazon for a penny (plus $3.99 for shipping).
Those are my favorites. Did I miss yours? Add it into the comment section below.
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A large roll of heavy paper is partially unrolled on the wall—one end curls into a scroll as it meets the corner of the wall while the other end is flush on the wall. An uneven horizontal band of dense writing runs across the paper: lines of black handwritten text intersect and overlap, rendering most of it illegible, save for some meandering sentences. The beginning of the text is written directly onto the wall and continues on the paper without interruption.
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Walla Walla University, known as Walla Walla College prior to September 2007, is a college offering liberal arts, professional, and technical programs. It is affiliated with the Seventh-day Adventist Church. Walla Walla University (WWU) is located in southeast Washington in the town of College Place, just a few miles from Walla Walla. It is one of 10 private colleges in the state of Washington, and one of 14 colleges and universities operated by the Seventh-day Adventist Church in the United States. It is overseen by President John McVay. Although Walla Walla University is outside of Walla Walla, it is often mistaken for Walla Walla Community College, and sometimes Whitman College, both of which are actually in Walla Walla. Founded in 1892, the University has an annual enrollment of more than 1,800 students. The main campus covers 55 acres (223,000 m²) and the college also operates a 45 acre (182,000 m²) marine station on Fidalgo Island, a nursing campus in Portland, Oregon, and masters of social work programs in Missoula and Billings, Montana.
Question and Answer about "Walla Walla University"
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What are some ways of dealing with stress?
We can define stress as the way that our body reacts to a stimulus. The stimulus can be physical, or it can be mental (through our thoughts).
Our bodies need the mechanism of stress in order for the human species to survive. Back in time (and simply put), if you were attacked by an animal in the wild you would need to react to it so that you wouldn't die.
Therefore, the stimulus (the attack from the wild animal) would generate a response of stress in the body which would translate as to fight or to run away (the fight or flight response).
Many people nowadays live in environments that constitute little threat for their physical bodies. However, we still get a lot of stress from our thoughts alone.
For instance, you may be taking a shower and at the same time thinking of what you're going to do afterwards. Those thoughts are causing a certain type of tension in the body, mainly because you cannot do anything else while you are taking a shower.
The same thing happens when you worry about something. Worrying means that you are thinking about the future in a way that feels bad. The stress here is created because you're imaging something that feels unpleasant, and you cannot do anything about it because you cannot deal with the future. You can only deal with the present moment.
The problem with the stress caused by our thoughts is that we can seldom take any action (there is no fight or flight response involved), and the stress response gets stored in our bodies, causing prolonged tension and physical illness.
Dealing with stress at the thought level is the first step to relax. I love Byron Katie's way of doing that: her method consists in four questions, of which the first two are asking "Is it true?", and "Can I absolutely know that it's true?" to any thought.
As you follow Byron Katie's process, you will find that you cannot tell if a thought is absolutely true. When you take the 'trueness' away from the thought, it loses weight.
You can choose to challenge any thought that feels painful, whether by questioning it or by staying with it. When you take the time to be still and to really look at any thought that causes pain, the thought starts to subside.
Sometimes, when you have repetitive thoughts that make you feel bad (for instance, "I'm not good enough") and which cause a large deal of stress, you may not be able to deal with them at a thought level.
This is, you may notice that no other thought serves you in the moment to counteract the stressful thought and to relax. This is specially true if, more than with just a thought, you're dealing with an ingrained belief.
I have certainly found myself in many situations in which this was the case. My solution? At those moments, the only thing that really helped me to eliminate all stress was to fully let go.
Because the stress response gets stored in our bodies, you can also use your body to let go of tension and relax. Many therapies, such as the Alexander technique, focus on releasing the energy stuck in our bodies and they help to undo painful beliefs at the thought level.
Even moving your body through a different physical environment can help in a given moment to let go of stress - simply going for a walk or a run already puts your mind in a different, more relaxed state.
Follow this link to find affirmations to help you deal with stress.
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Whether you are seeking natural alternatives or have exhausted conventional medical options, acupuncture can be an effective way to address complex and chronic conditions. This system has a unique way of looking at how the body works, why conditions develop, and what symptoms mean, so it can often be successful when other treatments have failed. One of the main ways it works is by framing chronic conditions in the context of your overall health, as systemic issues, with outward symptoms being interpreted as indicators of broader, deeper imbalances. This approach can often explain the why and how of symptoms and, by treating many layers at the same time, can help both resolve and prevent them from re-occurring. The focus is not so much on symptom management as on correcting the underlying patterns of imbalance that are giving rise to your symptoms.
Acupuncture is unique so it can have effects that are different from other types of treatments. First and foremost, acupuncture can induce what is called the parasympathetic state, which has a general effect that is beneficial for all types of conditions. In this state, the parasympathetic nervous system is predominant over the sympathetic, fight-or-flight, nervous system. It is a state of deep relaxation, where breathing and heart rate slow, the mind empties, and your body focuses on healing, repair, and recharging energy reserves. Another unique effect of acupuncture is what we call tonfication, boosting and normalizing the functioning of the vital internal organs. Because every organ has an acupuncture channel that passes through it, points can be strategically selected to affect specific organs and systems. Tonification is one of the most important concepts in Chinese medicine for which there is no equivalent in conventional medicine.
In Chinese medicine, there is no such thing as a symptom without a cause or a diagnosis for which the treatment is not known. The basic idea with chronic and complex conditions is that symptoms are usually due to a common underlying imbalance and show up in multiple systems at the same time. It is recognized that symptoms come in sets, or what we call patterns, where certain ones are more likely to occur together. By looking at the bigger pattern instead of just isolated symptoms, larger underlying imbalances can be identified and addressed. Or, conversely, by addressing the common denominator, multiple symptoms in multiple systems can be treated at the same time. I work with a wide variety of complex and chronic conditions of all types, many where there is more than one organ system involved, or where there is also chronic pain or concurrent emotional imbalances. Acupuncture is very good at treating these so-called knotty diseases, untangling them in a systematic way, layer by layer.
Chinese medicine is so much more than just acupuncture. I am also trained in herbal medicine, 5 element nutrition, and different types of traditional hands-on techniques. I find that these complementary therapies can help enhance the effects of acupuncture. If they would be beneficial for your condition I will include them with your session at no extra charge. For example, there are thousands of Chinese herbal formulas for every version of every common human condition. My toolbox includes acupuncture, herbal medicine, tui na (massage), zhi ya (acupressure), ba guan (fire cupping), gua sha (jade and horn massage tools), 5 element nutrition, and topical oils, ointments, and patches for pain.
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0.958306 |
With recent flooding in the area of the trail, what is the outlook for pass-ability in April and May? I want to start making my reservations in Feb.
It should be fine by then. There is always the possibility of another flood from snow melt in the Spring, but that shouldn't be a problem by late April.
Jerry could be misleading you. Flooding goes into June sometimes on the mighty MO. Check Montana, Wyoming weather in Feb an March for MO river levels for your ride. NOAA and Corp of Engineers websites.
In my experience, the trail tends to recover more quickly than other parts of the area and it seems to me that the local folks and the Department of Natural Resources work to get things opened up quite quickly.
Unless there is something more - I can't imagine you won't be riding along having a great time in April.
Thank you'll I was wondering about major damage to bridges, culverts and so on.
Go to this website's home page, scroll down to "Weather Alert - Current Katy Trail Weather Conditions and Missouri Average temperatures and precipitation" and you will get some good information about the weather here. As others mentioned the April and May flooding is often caused by snow melt north and northwest of us. I think that's what caused the historic 1993 flooding. But, as you may know, weather is everywhere, and it chnages. The latest problems, which look to be historic also, came from weather systems coming from southwest of Missouri. I think El Nino is causing these systems.
To summarize: Look at our weather history, watch the current trends and basically just pay attention.
Be prepared for cold/wet, or sweltering/hot and somewhat miserable, or perfect weather. One of those, or something in between will be what you encounter. Also, it doesn't matter, because you will thoroughly enjoy this trail, regardless of the weather. If it's flooding you can help sandbag too. They feed volunteers for free. Locals really appreciate any and all help in these emergencies.
The weather can be quite variable, but I still usually take a week for a solo out and back around the week of Mother's Day and love it. Sometimes a little cool at night, sometimes a little wet, but it is all good!
Steven, just as Ray posted on the Flood Update subject, DNR closes sections flooded or that have sustained bridge or trail damage and they post on their website. Worst case you take a short bypass or alternate route around the trail. How badly do you want to ride the trail safely?
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0.983833 |
What causes color in gemstone?
All different kind of precious andsemi precious have unique color that make them different from each other. All have some unique features and have different astrological benefit.
All precious and semi precious gemstones have different physical, chemical and optical properties that make different from each other.
These species are types of minerals. While gems like coral, amber, ivory, and pearls are organic materials, most of the gemstones are mineral materials. Then there are a few gemstones that do not have any common properties with rest of the gemstones.
A variety of the mineral corundum, Sapphire is highly valuable due to its rarity. Sapphire is available in a range of colors like the blue, yellow, white, pink, etc found in just a few locations like Burma, Kashmir, Sri Lanka.
Alexandrite gemstone is considered to be one the most valued and unusual gemstone found in the family of gemstones. The color of alexandrite ranges from red, green, golden, yellow and multicolored.
Fluorite is an essential mineral which is composed of Calcium Fluorite. It is affiliated with halide minerals. The fluorite stone shows cubic and octahedral faces set upon a micaceous matrix. It is considered to be the one of the most colorful mineral both in ultraviolet and normal light.
Most gemstones are discovered by accident. There is no systematic approach used for Colored Gemstones due to the lack of capital. Exceptions being Australia, where the mining of the Sapphires is more mechanized and systematic.
The shadow planet Rahu is supposed to be responsible for all sorts of delays or very late fulfillment of ambitions. Hessonite stone or Gomedh can help in achieving speedy success in less time than expected.
The best pearls are Moonlike, shining white in color, with a perfectly round, globular shape. They should be compact, with a high specific gravity, spotless and free from blemishes. The appearance should be lustrous and smooth.
A pinky ring is that sort of a ring which is basically worn in the little finger of either hand. It is also called fifth finger ring. The pinky ring is not new to the market. The existence of this ring can be marked in the history as well. According to some historical text books, it can be professed that pinky ring was used coherently in Greek and France.
Yellow Sapphire is a gemstone of planet Jupiter and enhances one's intelligence, wisdom, communication skills and brings forth his unique qualities.
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0.979349 |
Recording Electric Guitar using a DI box?
Im pretty sure this is a dumb question but im curious.
is it possible to plug a guitar amp head straight into a Di box and then into a DAW. Im having issues with noise in my home studio and need to look at ways to record without making so much noise, ive tried amp modelling but im not convinced by it.
The cheapest and easier way to record guitar into a DAW is to buy an audio interface. A DI is typically used in combination with a guitar for playing into a mixing console, but I'm not exactly sure how this affects computer recording.
Thanks for your reply krykos!!.
I have a digidesign 003 rack so what i was hoping to do was to go from the amp head via the line out into a Di box and then from there into the line in on my 003 rack. Because as i understand it aint safe to go straight from my amp head to the rack.
Right well theres several problems with this depending on what amp your using, first problem is usually the amp. i have both a randall rh100 and a engl e530preamp/marshall el34 100/100 and have tried using direct outs on both. the main problem with this is in the case of the randall the preamp sounds crap as its solid state and the same goes for the engl, this is pretty much due to the fact that what you hear is a combination of the preamp poweramp and whatever speakers your using. The only amp ive ever felt was any good from its direct out is a mesa mark IV (theres no surprise there considering how much one of those will set you back).
So the question you need to answer really is how do you get "your sound" are you using a valve amp or soild state. If your using solid state then technically no matter how hard you drive the amp the characteristics should stay the same and so recording a low volumes shouldnt be too much of a problem your just going to have to try and isolate the amp off and crank your pres to compensate.
a) get something like guitar rig and take a straight DI and run that through guitar rig so you have a close sound in order to record and then use something like the radial reamping kit and reamp your recordings when and if you can.
b) buy a power attenuator, marshall do the power brake which is pretty good but theyre cheap and cheerful and can cause problems (plus they only work on marshall stuff) or you can get the THD hotplates which do the same job as the powerbrake but they give you a few more options. the first is that your attenuating the volume whilst cranking the valves so you still get all that warmth and balls but at a lower volume and by doing this you still add the speaker characteristics to the sound. second unlike the marshall the amp sees the hotplate as a cabinet so you can use this as a direct out for silent recording much like the system built into mesas so your still getting that poweramp valve sound but recording effectively silently. The THDs are about £300 or so tho.
Radial reamping kit can be found on Digital village site as can guitar rig, not sure if these guys stock THD tho.
All the DI does is match the impedance of the guitar with the line in on the mix console and would work the same on an interface. loads of intefaces now have universal jacks (ie ones with XLR and balanced jack inputs) and at least one of these inputs will have some sort of switch labelled Hi-Z or Hi Impedance, with this switched in you can just plug your guitar or bass direct into the jack input. With things like EMGs you dont necessarily need to use this as they are active pickups and generally impedance matching isnt required.
Thank you for your help JAYDMF!!! much apreciated!!!
Well i cant say ive tried them to be perfectly honest. Im not the biggest fan of amp modelling, the only product i reckon is any good is guitar rig but even then its the sort of thing i would personally use as either a tool for laying stuff down or just for adding layers to a track which already has a real amp as the main sound.
Speaker emulators i dont reckon work. Most of them give you no option as to what sort of speaker or cabinet your modelling and the speaker and cabinet can make a huge difference. Just as an example i have a marshall 1960a with the stock gt12-75 speakers and it sounds crap with my valve head. hook the same head to a EV black shadow and youd think it was a different amp altogether. i fail to see how a box can emulate a cabinet in that it can emulate the effect of the speaker (as it can shape the signal in the same way) but not the cabinet itself and i personally dont see the point in using such a device if it gives you no choice of what your modelling.
Still thats my opinion and i think you should try these products out and decide for yourself, guitar tone is a very personal thing and im sure most guitarists would agree its a bit like the search for the holy grail, one of those products may give you "that" sound so its worth trying them. all i can say is just be careful especially with the marshall i know people who have had bad experiences with power attenuators/simulators on such heads.
i totally 100% agree with you, i think im just going to have to face trying to isolate my cabinet, i have been looking at the randall isolation boxes they seem like a really good practical idea, do you know if anyone else out there makes them?
Not that i know of sorry dude but you could always make one yoruself. Theres plenty of cab builders on ebay too that you might be able to get to knock you up a iso cab if youve got the cash. If your gonna go DIY get a EV black shadow, once youve heard one of those speakers you'll never go back to anything else.
another solution could be buy guitar rig..you get a audio interface/vst controller so basically you plug your guitar into the usb stomp board then record your guitar directlly into your daw the signal you get coming out into your daw is excellent also guitar rig has some of the best guitar/amp effects available for any daw..
theres also the new cheaper guitar rig sessions which is the samething except you get a audio interface only and no stomp pedals..heres links too both..
One of my most-used guitar plug-ins (and I have a lot of them) is the good ol'-fashioned Sansamp PSA-1, but it's Pro Tools only.
In my experience I've found that a real amp and a trusty SM57 will sound better than a guitar plug-in 100% of the time. However, I don't deny that these guitar packages can be used to generate ideas, temp mixes etc and can also solve the noise problem if you're trying to record in a flat. Sometimes too they provide esoteric effects that you may or may not have access to in reality which can be handy - before I got my Roger Mayer Voodoo Vibe I was using the Univibe clone in the IK Jimi Hendrix plug-in instead because I couldn't otherwise get that sound.
It's different for bass - I think IK's Ampeg SVX is absolutely amazing and when mixed with a well-recorded DI signal absolutely defeats the need for a bass amp in the studio.
I am using pro tools le, i have tried a few guitar plug ins but i just cant seem to get the 'tone' although i havent tried the Sansamp PSA-1 you have suggested.
But i have to agree with you that theres nothing like micing up a cab, so i think im going to try the randall isolation boxes see if that gives me what i want.
I got one recently and I'm pretty impressed, the asio divers give low latency, and the bundled software, Amplitube Live 2 (standalone and vst) Tracktion 2 sequencer (both may be upgradable to the latest versions) and TRacks1 EQ make it a great buy at the price > around £60.
Ampsims are a matter of taste, the best I've heard is Revalver Alien Connections - Home of ReValver Mk II and the PS 2005 Sound Editor but the latest incarnation, Revalver mk111, in conjunction with Peavey Peavey.com : Products : ReValver is too cpu heavy for my now humble pc, at least the demo is.
A good alternative is Studio Devil Studio Devil Guitar Amp Plugin for VST, Audio Units, and ProTools RTAS! A good price and it sounds great imo, tho' it doesn't have the fx of the big boys. There's a free basic version to give you a taster.
I also use a M-Audio Audiobuddy DI box M-Audio Audio Buddy Dual Mic Preamp and Direct Box at DV247.COM a great little workhorse that's not just for guitars as there are two dedicated mic inputs. Like the Stealthplug, it's around the £60 mark.
Like JAYDMF, I'm disappointed with the direct out on my amp, a VOX AD15VT, but using a mic is a very different story.
I'd also add the MD421 to that list.
Don't forget about ribbon mics - some classic guitar tones have come from them. Clearly the Royer R121 is the king of the heap, but low-budget alternatives from Cascade, CAD and others can give you a really dark, warm sound that works really well with electric guitar.
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0.934046 |
Plants produce many short-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that are often generated from endogenous loci and repeats or by exogenous agents such as virus. These siRNAs are derived from aberrant double-stranded RNAs and require the activity of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RDRs). Biogenesis of siRNAs requires the functions of DCL2, DCL3, DCL4, RDR2, RDR6, and RNA polymerase IV. In some cases, endogenous siRNAs trigger epigenetic effects on target loci and are associated with RNA-directed DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling. RDR6 plays a role in silencing of transgenes, some viruses, and specific endogenous mRNAs that are targets of trans-acting siRNAs (ta-siRNAs). ta-siRNAs are formed by miRNA-guided cleavage within pre-ta-siRNA transcripts (phasing) and through DICER-LIKE processing of dsRNA that is dependent on RDR6/SDS3 activity. The phased ta-siRNAs direct the degradation of target mRNAs as do plant miRNAs. It is predicted that divergence of siRNAs and their targets between species mediate hybrid incompatibility in allopolyploids.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 20-24 nucleotide RNA molecules that play essential roles in posttranscriptional regulation of target genes. tasiRNAs are formed by miRNA-guided cleavage products within primary tasiRNA transcripts, and the phased tasiRNAs direct the degradation or repression of target mRNAs as do plant miRNAs. Unlike siRNAs, many miRNA and tasiRNA loci are conserved in sequences, and unique miRNAs and tasiRNAs were commonly identified in the allotetraploids and their progenitors. In plants, miRNAs predominately mediate degradation of target mRNAs via perfect or near-perfect complementary sequences. MicroRNA targets include a large number of transcription factors, suggesting a role of miRNAs in the control of regulatory networks and cellular growth and development. Many miRNAs and their targets are conserved among plants or animals, whereas some are specific to a few plant or animal lineages. Conserved miRNAs do not necessarily exhibit the same expression levels or patterns in different species or at different stages within a species. MicroRNA loci in different species inherited from ancestral species may diverge in sequence and expression patterns (e.g., tissue-specificity), gain new expression patterns, or undergo gene loss, as a consequence of genetic and epigenetic changes during evolution. miRNAs and expression of targets tend to be co-regulated, which suggests that miRNA biogenesis proteins such as DCLs, AGOs, and RDRs have concerted regulation within species and diversified modifications between species. Over time, progenitors’ miRNA loci may diverge expression and gain new expression patterns, as a consequence of genetic and epigenetic changes.
Combination of diverged progenitors’ loci in interspecific hybrids and new allopolyploids perturbs the regulatory balance in expressing miRNAs and their biogenesis genes. As a result, the miRNA accumulation levels are nonadditive, leading to nonadditive expression of their targets in interspecific hybrids and allotetraploids. This nonadditivity is partly associated with transcriptional regulation of miRNA loci and their targets. In addition, nonadditive expression of miRNA biogenesis genes and preference of miRNAs for repressing species-specific targets suggest a miRNA-dependent mechanism for repression of some progenitors’ genes observed in interspecific hybrids and allopolyploids. We are investigating how expression divergence between progenitors’ miRNA loci and their targets affect morphological evolution and phenotypic novelty in interspecific hybrids and allopolyploids.
Axtell MJ, Bowman JL: Evolution of plant microRNAs and their targets. Trends Plant Sci 13: 343-9 (2008).
Bourc'his D, Voinnet O: A small-RNA perspective on gametogenesis, fertilization, and early zygotic development. Science 330: 617-22 (2010).
Fire A, Xu S, Montgomery MK, Kostas SA, Driver SE, Mello CC: Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature 391: 806-11. (1998).
Ha M, Lu J, Tian L, Ramachandran V, Kasschau KD, Chapman EJ, Carrington JC, Chen X, Wang XJ, Chen ZJ: Small RNAs serve as a genetic buffer against genomic shock in Arabidopsis interspecific hybrids and allopolyploids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106: 17835-40 (2009).
Ha M, Pang M, Agarwal V, Chen ZJ: Interspecies regulation of microRNAs and their targets. Biochim Biophys Acta 1779: 735-742 (2008).
Hamilton AJ, Baulcombe DC: A species of small antisense RNA in posttranscriptional gene silencing in plants. Science 286: 950-2 (1999).
Martienssen RA: Heterochromatin, small RNA and post-fertilization dysgenesis in allopolyploid and interploid hybrids of Arabidopsis. New Phytol 186: 46-53 (2010).
Napoli C, Lemieux C, Jorgensen R: Introduction of a chimeric chalcone synthase gene into Petunia results in reversible co-suppression of homologous genes in trans. Plant Cell 2: 279-289 (1990).
Niwa R, Slack FJ: The evolution of animal microRNA function. Curr Opin Genet Dev 17: 145-50 (2007).
Swaminathan K, Alabady MS, Varala K, De Paoli E, Ho I, Rokhsar DS, Arumuganathan AK, Ming R, Green PJ, Meyers BC, et al.: Genomic and small RNA sequencing of Miscanthus x giganteus shows the utility of sorghum as a reference genome sequence for Andropogoneae grasses. Genome Biol 11: R12 (2010).
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0.992492 |
In order to explain how businesses establish sustainable methods to operate in constantly changing environmental conditions, the State of Green Business report has published its research on sustainability. The present edition of the report is its 6th edition, and in the past 5 editions, this report has covered various environmental factors associated with businesses around the world.
Since the report is in its sixth edition, the publishers decided to make a few changes to its original format. In order to make this year’s report more informative, the publishers teamed up with Trucost. The publishers were happy that Trucost accepted their offer, as Trucost is a very popular name in the research industry. Furthermore, since Trucost focuses its research on sustainability metrics and the natural capital, it was an ideal choice for this year’s Green Business Report edition.
With the help of Trucost’s research, the publishers of the report were able to explain the changes that the private business sector has made in order to face global environmental challenges. The publishers combined their old research with Trucost’s research, and they were able to analyze the supply-chain impacts and natural capital costs of several companies. The present report also discussed the disclosure and transparency feature of businesses in many sectors.
The publishers of this report decided to write about environmental issues and the industry together, as they feel that businesses need to encourage eco friendly promotional items. While compiling data on the various businesses over the past five years, the publishers have realized that many organizations have started formulating their policies with regard to environmental changes.
Currently, all the businesses are adapting a sustainability approach, since the global economy is always at a risk of unforeseen changes. In most organizations, the sustainability measures are aimed at aligning social, economic, and environmental interests of the company. Furthermore, since natural resources have become an unpredictable factor in the present context, the businesses are trying to reduce their supply-chain risks, so that they can withstand the changes in the availability of the raw materials.
Experts feel that organizations need to better their usage of raw materials, and ensure that they have cost-efficient resource supplies, so that they can remain unaffected by the changing global economy. In the past three years, natural disasters have had a drastic impact on the economics of the world, and it seems like environmental disturbances will continue to affect the global economy in the long run. So it’s essential that business owners focus on sustainable measures, especially in the raw materials sector.
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0.950593 |
The general perception that livestock is a major contributor to global warming resulted mainly from the FAO publication, Livestock's Long Shadow, in 2006, which indicated that livestock is responsible for 18% of the world's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This figure has since been proved to be an overestimation, since it includes deforestation and other indirect contributions. The most recent figure is in the order of 5% - 10%. Although only ruminants can convert the world's high-fibre vegetation into high-quality protein sources for human consumption, ruminant production systems are targeted as they are perceived to produce large quantities of GHG. Livestock is also accused of using large quantities of water, an allegation that is based on questionable assumptions and the perception that all sources of food production require a similar and equal quantity and quality of water. In the case of ruminants, extensive systems are usually found to have a lower per-area carbon footprint than grain-fed systems, but a higher footprint if expressed in terms of kg product. Feedlots maximize efficiency of meat production, resulting in a lower carbon footprint, whereas organic production systems consume more energy and have a bigger carbon footprint than conventional production systems. Cows on pastures produce more methane than cows on high concentrate diets. In South Africa, as in most of the countries in the sub-tropics, livestock production is the only option on about 70% of the agricultural land, since the marginal soils and rainfall do not allow for crop production and the utilization of green water. An effective way to reduce the carbon and water footprint of livestock is to decrease livestock numbers and increase production per animal, thereby improving their efficiency.
There is a general perception that livestock is a major contributor to global warming. This is based on an FAO publication, Livestock's Long Shadow, (Steinfeld et al., 2006), which indicated that livestock is responsible for 18% of the world's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This figure has since been proven to be an overestimation of the contribution of agriculture since it includes deforestation and other indirect contributions (Pitesky et al, 2009). The most recent global figure is of the order of 5% - 10%, with the figure for South Africa being similar (Meissner et al., 2012). Livestock contributes about 65% of agricultural GHG (CO2 equivalent) of which enteric fermentation accounts for 90% (Meissner et al., 2012). In general, estimates of emissions from livestock are subject to uncertainty because generic coefficients applicable to all animals are commonly used which take no account of differences in production efficiency and production systems (Scollan et al., 2010).
Quoting percentages does not always make sense. In industrialized countries the GHG emissions for agriculture are less than 6%, simply because the contribution of their energy sectors, mines, etc., to GHG emissions is large. In non-industrialized countries the relative contribution by agriculture can be 40% - 50%, but the actual contribution can be considerably less than the 6% by the industrialized countries. When considering mitigation options, it is obvious that a 10% reduction in GHG emissions by the energy and mining sectors would be far more effective than a 10% reduction in the 5% - 10% contribution of agriculture. So, the proposed "meat-free once a week" argument will not do much to rectify the problem (Meissner et al., 2012) as other sources of protein for human consumption are required, which may even have a higher carbon footprint.
Greenhouse gas emission from livestock is usually calculated in terms of kg CO2 equivalent per kg of meat or milk available for consumption or per area of land used. In the case of ruminants, extensive systems are usually found to have a lower per-area footprint than intensive grain-fed systems, but a higher footprint if expressed in terms of kg product (Garnett, 2010; Capper, 2011).
Livestock is also accused of using large quantities of water in the production of beef or milk. Some of the assumptions used to calculate the water footprint or the amount of water required to produce livestock products are questionable (Meissner et al., 2012). In studies with more realistic and justifiable assumptions, the water requirement for red meat production (Peters et al., 2010) and for the production of total milk solids in whole milk and in skim milk powder is much lower (Ridoutti et al., 2010).
Herbivores are important to humankind since most of the world's vegetation biomass is rich in fibre. Only herbivores can convert this high fibre vegetation into high-quality protein sources (i. e. meat and milk) for human consumption and this will need to be balanced against the concomitant production of methane. Despite this important role of herbivores, they are being targeted and singled out as producing large quantities of GHG, which contribute to climate change, as enteric fermentation is responsible for 28% of global methane emissions (IPCC, 2007), and as using large quantities of water.
Many consumers may decide to reduce their red meat consumption because of the perception of the contribution to methane production by livestock and the low water productivity of animal products per unit of water used (Renault & Wallender, 2000; Wenhold et al, 2007). The popular press is fuelling these sentiments, encouraging consumers to eat less meat.
But in terms of protein produced per unit of water, animal products are far more efficient than fruit crops and several other food crops, such as grains and vegetables (Renault & Wallender, 2000; Wenhold et al., 2007). Furthermore, the importance of animal products in providing bio-available mineral nutrients (Laker, 2005) is overlooked. If the predictions are correct the demand for livestock products will continue to increase in future, but will progressively be affected by competition for natural resources, contention over feed and human food and the need to operate in a carbon constrained (Thornton, 2010) and water shortage economy.
If enteric fermentation is responsible for 28% of global methane emissions (US-EPA, 2006) and methane makes up 18% of total world GHG emissions (Table 1), the net contribution of enteric fermentation to GHGs is only 5% (28% of 18% = 5%). The major GHGs related to livestock production, converted to carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalent and their characteristics (heating potential, atmospheric lifetime) are summarized in Table 1.
South Africa is part of the Kyoto Protocol and the government has set a reduction target of 30% - 40% in CO2-equivalent emissions from the 2003 levels by 2050 in line with the Kyoto Protocol (UNFCCC, 2007). Reduction in CH4 levels will thus have a significant effect on the targets set by government since its impact will be faster owing to the shorter lifetime and greater owing to the higher heating potential, compared with CO2. More emphasis on the reduction of CH4 emissions can thus be expected in the immediate future if reduction targets are to be met.
Livestock agriculture is the world's largest user of land resources and South Africa is no different. In South Africa approximately 84% of the surface area is available for farming. However, a large part of this is not suitable for crop production, with approximately 13% that is arable. The greater part of South Africa (approximately 70%) is suitable only for extensive livestock farming (RMRD SA, 2012). In Africa, subsistence farmers keep livestock for multiple purposes. Rural households depend on livestock for milk, meat, hides, horns, fertilizer and income (Chimonyo et al, 1999; Dovie et al., 2006) making it central to the livelihoods and wellbeing of rural communities.
In spite of primary beef cattle farming (cow-calf production cycle) being largely extensive in South Africa, more than 75% of cattle slaughtered in the formal sector is finished in feedlots on maize and its by-products (RMRD SA, 2012).
The cow-calf portion of the production cycle (the extensive part in South Africa) accounts for 72% of the nutrient requirements from conception to harvest (Ferrell & Jenkins, 1982). Under natural rangeland conditions, decomposition of manure is aerobic, leading to production of CO2 and H2O as end products. Part of the CO2 released from the aerobic digestion of manure is absorbed during the regrowth of the surrounding vegetation rather than released into the atmosphere. The carbon sequestration measurement of this has been neglected and therefore the quantitative effect is not known. This is in sharp contrast to intensive systems in large parts of Europe and North America, where large quantities of manure are stockpiled, often for long periods, and undergo anaerobic decomposition. Anaerobic decomposition of manure, as found in intensive cow-calf systems, feedlots and intensive dairy systems, produces CH4 as one of the major end products (AAFRD, 2004; Wilkie, 2005).
It is also relevant to consider calf finishing systems or the post weaning phase. Cattle in South Africa are fattened in feedlots for approximately 110 days, which means that they produce GHG for only 110 days before being slaughtered. For cattle on rangeland/pasture it requires more than 200 days to finish to the same carcass classification because of the lower-quality feed compared with a feedlot diet (Meissner et al., 2012). Furthermore, the lower-quality feed (mainly natural pastures) results in cattle producing more GHG per kilogram feed intake than the concentrated diets being fed in feedlots (Capper, 2011; Meissner et al., 2012). This results in feedlots maximizing efficiency of meat production resulting in a lower carbon footprint per kilogramme of beef.
Furthermore, substantial evidence indicates that organic production systems consume more energy and have a bigger carbon footprint than conventional production systems. For example, organic grass-fed cattle require approximately three times more energy per kilogramme of weight gain, and release more than double the quantity of GHGs per kilogramme of weight gain of conventional feedlot cattle (Capper, 2010). Most consumers purchasing organic products do not know that such systems have a higher carbon footprint.
Dairy cows on pastures produce more methane than cows on high concentrate diets. At a recent World Congress, it was concluded that increasing cow efficiency, which is maintaining milk output from fewer animals, reduced farm methane production by 15% (Gibson, 2010). A study in the USA indicated that the carbon footprint per kilogramme milk produced in 2007 was only 37% of that produced in 1944. Thus the carbon footprint of milk currently produced is 63% smaller than the mostly natural production systems of 1944 (Capper et al., 2009). At least four studies in the USA on milk production confirmed that production is 15% - 27% lower in organic than in conventional systems (Meissner et al., 2012). In addition, when differences in productivity were accounted for, the organic systems required more resources (land, feed, water, etc.) per unit of milk produced and the environmental impact was greater.
The likelihood of extreme events such as more frequent droughts and floods, coupled with a general scarcity of and poor water quality in South Africa, is a signal that global warming could have a major impact on water resources. The water footprint or the amount of water required to produce 1 kg product is therefore of concern. Some of the assumptions on which published figures are based, however, are debateable. For example, in one calculation where it is claimed that the water requirement is 15500 L/kg beef, it is assumed that it takes three years to produce 200 kg of boneless beef (paper cited by Scollan et al, 2010). In the estimate, only 155 L of water were calculated for drinking, cleaning and post farm gate activities, the remainder being accounted for by irrigation of the crops to be used for feed of the cattle and the rain that fell on the property. The estimates of water utilized for 1 kg pork (4800 L), 1 kg chicken (3900 L) and 1 L milk (1000 L) also appear extreme. These figures have been widely quoted by anti-livestock activists. In studies with more realistic and justifiable assumptions, it was calculated that the water requirement for red meat production was 18 L/kg to 540 L/kg (Peters et al., 2010) and 80 L/kg to 320 L/kg (Meissner, 2012), the large variation being due to differences in production systems and efficiency. For the production of total milk solids in whole milk and in skim milk powder the water requirement is 14.4 L/kg and 15.8 L/kg, respectively (Ridoutti et al., 2010). The water needs of the animal itself constitute a major contributor to the total requirement, which amounts to about 4 L per kg feed dry matter intake, with a 50% increase in hot weather. Based on the direct water needs of pigs, farmers in South Africa supply 4.52 m3 /day for a 100 sow unit (Streicher, 2011).
The argument is sometimes advanced that the water used in livestock production should be channelled to crop and vegetable production, which require less water (McMichael & Ainslie, 2010; WWF, 2010). In the paper cited by Scollan et al. (2010), it was calculated that crop species require 900 L to 3300 L of water per kg, whereas meat production requires 3800 L/kg to 15500 L/kg. However, this argument is futile, since it does not take into consideration water quality, economics and availability or that marginal soils are not suitable for crop production and therefore fit only for livestock production. Water used for livestock production in extensive systems originates mainly from subterranean sources and is not in competition with runoff water to streams, dams, etc., or water stored in underground aquifers that may be used for other forms of production, industries or human beings.
Chapagain & Hoekstra (2004) calculated that agriculture accounts for 86% of global water consumption. Most of this is rainwater, which is used for the production of crops. However, it is not only about total water use per se, but about water use compared with water resources and competing demands of human being and agriculture. According to Bennie & Hensley (2001) agriculture consumes 74.5% of the rainfall in South Africa. From this, 60% is utilized by natural vegetation, 12% by dry land crop production and 2.5% by irrigation. However, natural vegetation (rangelands) and dry land crop production use only "green" water, that is, rain water that is stored in the soil after precipitation. It is called "green" water because only green plants growing in the soil utilize this water. It cannot be used by or for anything else. In extensive grazing systems the natural vegetation that is the food source of livestock uses only green water. These extensive grazing systems are often in areas unsuitable for crop production because of inadequate rainfall and poor quality of soils. The quantity of water used for the production of livestock products (e. g. kg meat) in the extensive rangeland areas is therefore irrelevant in the calculation of water consumption for beef production. Natural rangelands that are not utilized by livestock or game would result in water being wasted.
In terms of food production, green water can only be used for the production of meat and other animal produce under extensive grazing systems on natural rangelands, as in South Africa. These systems are critical to providing food security in such areas, which dominate almost all less developed countries. Natural rangelands in these areas do not use "blue" water (runoff water to streams, dams, etc., or water stored in underground aquifers) (SIWI IFPRI IUCN IWMI, 2005; Falkenmark & Rockström, 2006). This is completely different from intensive systems of Europe and North America. Since only the rain that infiltrated the soil is used, there is no water cost for the production of the rangeland. Nothing needs to be done to capture or extract this water other than applying good rangeland management to ensure dense basal vegetation cover to avoid excessive runoff that would lead to damaging floods, erosion, silting up of dams, etc.
Post farm gate, there is concern about the efficiency of water usage in abattoirs and processing plants (Meissner et al., 2012) as water appears to be used inefficiently and wasted. This includes effluent from abattoirs and dairy factories.
The argument to replace livestock with fruits, grains and vegetables to feed people implies that all sources of food production require a similar and equal quantity and quality of resources. This is an invalid point of departure. Large regions are completely unsuitable for growing such crops and animal production is the most sustainable method of food production in these areas. Thus, a switch from livestock to fruits, grains and vegetables would have implications for food security in Africa and other developing countries. There is also uncertainty whether GHG emissions will be reduced by hungry people eating fruits, grains and vegetables directly instead of meat, since much of the energy is lost during the conversion of matter from plant origin to animal (human) matter (Garnett, 2009).
An effective way to reduce the carbon and water footprint of livestock is to reduce livestock numbers and to increase the production per animal, thereby improving their productivity. There is sufficient genetic variation in South African livestock genetic resources to facilitate breeding for improved production efficiency. One such strategy is the effective use of crossbreeding. Crossbreeding has the potential to increase weaning weight by up to 26% per cow exposed to mating, while the feed energy requirement may increase by only 1% (MacNeil & Newman, 1991; MacNeil, 2005).
Greenhouse gas emissions and water use per unit livestock output in South Africa can be reduced substantially by addressing the comparatively low fitness performance of animals in terms of reproductive rate and longevity. (Meissner et al., 2012). For example, the estimated calving percentages for beef cattle are 35% in the communal sector and 62% in the commercial sector (Scholtz & Bester, 2010), whereas a study of the erosion rate of South African Jersey cattle (Du Toit et al, 2004) indicated that their productive herd life had declined from 7.9 lactations in 1970 to 2.3 lactations in 2003.
Alternative traits to improve production through selection within breeds are residual feed intake (RFI) and residual daily gain (RDG) (Arthur et al, 1996; MacNeil et al, 2011). Residual feed intake is the difference between the actual feed intake of an animal and that expected for the observed rate of gain. Residual daily gain is the growth rate expressed as a deviation from the expected growth of an animal based on its feed intake. A low RFI value indicates a more efficient animal. Many studies have found produced heritability estimates that vary from 0.28 to 0.58 (Crews et al., 2003). In selection for low RFI animals, methane production and energy lost as methane were 28% lower in low RFI steers compared with high RFI steers (Nkrumah et al., 2006). In order to calculate RFI and RDG, it is necessary to measure individual feed intake of animals. The cost of and difficulty in measuring individual feed intake make these traits strong candidates for marker-assisted selection. Possible genetic markers for RFI have been investigated, but the success rate has been low (Moore et al., 2009).
Other strategies that should be investigated include systems and management strategies to reduce the carbon and water footprint of livestock, manipulation of nutrition to reduce methane production, and breeding of new forage and pasture cultivars with lower CH4 emissions.
Downstream aspects that need attention include techniques to accurately measure GHG, carbon sequestration and water footprint; databases of national and regional emission figures; methane capturing and energy generating units/plants; treatment of manure and waste that limits CH4 release and water use; management of agricultural wastes and effluents to limit water pollution; and application of techniques and methods to earn carbon credits from the livestock value chain.
Furthermore, it is important to promote efficient use of the green water in extensive grazing through good rangeland management systems. This will result in the production of more fodder, increasing animal product per unit of water. A dense, productive vegetative cover will promote increased CO2 sequestration while it will reduce the unproductive run-off of water, thus lessening downstream flood damage, soil erosion and silting up of dams, estuaries, etc., while giving more steady water flows over long periods.
Differences in production systems between countries and regions can have an effect on the carbon and water footprint of livestock products. Current methods to estimate these footprints are based largely on generic values that do not make provision for production systems. The series of articles on livestock greenhouse gas emission inventories for the various species in South Africa that are published in this special issue present more accurate values on the carbon footprint for the South African production systems. This paper attempts to give a balanced view on livestock production in relation to greenhouse gases and water usage to ensure that politicians, decision makers and the public are properly and correctly informed about the impact of livestock on GHG production and water usage, and it is trusted that they will note the key issues. Continued efforts are essential to convey a balanced view to the public of the contribution of livestock to global warming and its water usage, while actively countering the misleading propaganda of activist groups against animal agriculture.
Methods and innovative ways must be developed to reduce the GHG production from livestock. The livestock industries should recognize the effect of livestock on climate change and support strategies to mitigate it. No single organization or industry in South Africa can do this research and its implementation on its own. Academics, researchers and industries should combine their efforts. The establishment of a virtual centre of excellence, with the objectives of sharing research expertise and information, building capacity and conducting research and development studies should be a priority.
This work is based on research supported in part by Red Meat Research and Development South Africa and the National Research Foundation of South Africa, under grants UID 75123 and 85281.
The Grantholder acknowledges that opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in any publication generated by the NRF supported research are that of the authors and that the NRF accepts no liability whatsoever in this regard.
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Pregnancy App Article: "What's new? Waterworks"
My husband gave me my dinner which included a lot of peas and I cried because I just love peas.
I sobbed when I found the box of tissues in our living room. Simply because I was overwhelmed at how lucky I was to have tissues.
I cried because I lost a card game. Then I won and felt guilty about being unreasonable and was once again overwhelmed.
I cried because I sniffed my husband's White Russian cocktail and it was the most amazing smell ever - and I couldn't have any of it. Actual tears.
I cried because the supermarket was out of fish pie. I cried again when I had to tell my husband about it. I cried again two weeks later when he happened to mention it in passing.
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For other people named Roger Sherman, see Roger Sherman (disambiguation).
Roger Sherman (April 19, 1721 – July 23, 1793) was an early American statesman and lawyer, as well as a Founding Father of the United States. He is the only person to have signed all four great state papers of the United States: the Continental Association, the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, and the Constitution.
Born in Newton, Massachusetts, Sherman established a legal career in Litchfield County, Connecticut despite a lack of formal education. After a period in the Connecticut House of Representatives, he served as a Justice of the Superior Court of Connecticut from 1766 to 1789. He represented Connecticut at the Continental Congress and signed the Continental Association, which provided for a boycott against Britain following the imposition of the Intolerable Acts. He was also a member of the Committee of Five that drafted the Declaration of Independence. He later signed both the Articles of Confederation and the United States Constitution. In 1784, he was elected as the first mayor of New Haven, Connecticut.
Sherman served as a delegate to the 1787 Philadelphia Convention, which produced the United States Constitution. After Benjamin Franklin, he was the oldest delegate present at the convention. He favored granting the federal government power to raise revenue and regulate commerce, but initially opposed efforts to supplant the Articles of Confederation with a new constitution. He ultimately came to support the establishment of a new constitution, and proposed the Connecticut Compromise, which won the approval of both the larger states and the smaller states.
After the ratification of the Constitution, Sherman represented Connecticut in the United States House of Representatives from 1789 to 1791. He served in the United States Senate from 1791 to his death in 1793.
Sherman was born into a farm family located in Newton, Massachusetts, near Boston. His father was William and mother Mehetabel Sherman. Mehetabel's father was Benjamin Wellington and her mother was Elizabeth Sweetman, whose christening date was March 4, 1687 (or 1688), and she died on April 12, 1776. William and Mehetabel had seven children, William Jr., Mehetabel, Roger (1721), Elizabeth (married James Buck), Nathaniel (became a Reverend), Josiah (also became a Reverend), and Rebecca (married Joseph Hartwell Jr.). After Elizabeth was born (1723), the Shermans left Newton and settled in the south precinct of Dorchester, that three years later became the township of Stoughton and located 17 miles (27 km) south of Boston, when Roger was two. William married Rebecca Cutler on July 15, 1714. Josiah was Chaplain of the 7th Connecticut from January 1 to December 6, 1777.
The part of Stoughton where Sherman grew up became part of Canton in 1797. Sherman's education did not extend beyond his father's library and grammar school, and his early career was spent as a shoe-maker. However, he had an aptitude for learning, and access to a good library owned by his father, as well as a Harvard-educated parish minister, the Rev. Samuel Dunbar, who took him under his wing.
In 1743, due to his father's death, Sherman moved (on foot) with his mother and siblings to New Milford, Connecticut, where in partnership with his brother William (wife Ruth), he opened the town's first store. He very quickly introduced himself in civil and religious affairs, rapidly becoming one of the town's leading citizens and eventually town clerk of New Milford. Due to his mathematical skill he became county surveyor of New Haven County in 1745, and began providing astronomical calculations for almanacs in 1759.
Roger Sherman was married two times and had a total of fifteen children with thirteen reaching adulthood.
Sherman married Elizabeth on November 17, 1749. She was born August 31, 1726, in Stoughton, her father was Deacon Joseph Hartwell (born August 11, 1698, died February 6, 1786) and her mother was Mary Hartwell (née Tolman), who was born on October 4, 1697, and died on November 10, 1782. They were married by Samuel Dunbar and had seven children. Elizabeth died on October 19, 1760.
Sherman married Rebecca (also spelled Rebekah) Prescott on May 12, 1763. She was born on May 20, 1742, in Danvers, Essex County, Massachusetts. They had eight children, Rebecca; married and then Elizabeth; married same Simeon Baldwin, Roger, Mehetabel (1st), Mehetabel (2nd); married Jeremiah Evarts, Oliver, Martha; married Jeremiah Day, and Sarah; married Samuel Hoar. The first Mehitabel and Oliver both died in infancy. Rebecca died in August 1814.
A son, Roger Sherman Jr. (1768–1856), a 1787 graduate of Yale College served in the Connecticut General Assembly in 1810–1811.
A daughter, Rebeca Sherman, was married to Simeon Baldwin, whose career included service in the United States Congress (1803–1806), as an Associate Judge of the Connecticut Superior Court, 1806–1817, and who became Mayor of New Haven, Connecticut, in 1826. Following the death of Rebecca Sherman, Baldwin married another of Roger Sherman's daughters, Elizabeth Sherman Burr. His daughter, Mehetabel Sherman Barnes married Jeremiah Evarts, who served as treasurer and secretary of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. His daughter Martha Sherman married Jeremiah Day, who was President of Yale University from 1817 to 1846. Another daughter, Sarah Sherman, married Samuel Hoar, who was a member of the Massachusetts state legislature and the U.S. Congress.
Grandfathers before Henry Sherman (the older) were Thomas (10th generation), John (9th generation), and Thomas Sherman (8th generation).
Henry Sherman (the older or 1st) born about 1512, married Agnes around 1539 (whose father may have been Thomas Butter) died October 14, 1580, in Dedham, England.
Joseph Sherman: grandfather, born on May 14, 1650, and died 1731, married Elizabeth Winship on April 12, 1676.
The Declaration of Independence by John Trumbull depicts the Committee of Five (Sherman is the second person on the left) presenting its work to Congress.
Sherman is especially notable in United States history for being the only person to sign all four great state papers of the United States, the United States Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Association, the Articles of Confederation, and the United States Constitution. Robert Morris, who did not sign the Articles of Association, signed the other three. John Dickinson also signed three, the Continental Association, the Articles of Confederation and the United States Constitution. He was involved with the Declaration of Independence but abstained, hoping for a reconciliation with Britain.
Despite the fact that Sherman had no formal legal training, he was urged to read for the bar exam by a local lawyer and was admitted to the Bar of Litchfield, Connecticut in 1754, during which he wrote A Caveat Against Injustice and was chosen to represent New Milford in the Connecticut House of Representatives from 1755 to 1758 and from 1760 to 1761.
Sherman was appointed justice of the peace in 1762 and judge of the court of common pleas in 1765. During 1766, Sherman was first elected to the Governor's Council of the Connecticut General Assembly, where he served until 1785.
Sherman served as Justice of the Superior Court of Connecticut from 1766 to 1789, when he left to become a member of the United States Congress.
Sherman was also appointed treasurer of Yale College, and awarded an honorary Master of Arts degree. He was a professor of religion for many years, and engaged in lengthy correspondences with some of the theologians of the time.
During February 1776, Sherman, George Wythe, and John Adams were members of a committee responsible for establishing guidelines for U.S. embassy officials in Canada with the committee instructions that included, "You are to declare that we hold sacred the rights of conscience, and may promise to the whole people, solemnly in our name, the free and undisturbed exercise of their religion. And ... that all civil rights and the rights to hold office were to be extended to persons of any Christian denomination."
In 1784 he was elected Mayor of New Haven, which office he held until his death.
In 1790 both Sherman and Richard Law were appointed to revise the confused and archaic Connecticut statutes, which they accomplished.
Throughout his life, Sherman was a major benefactor of Yale College, acting as the university's treasurer for many years and promoting construction of a college chapel. Roger Sherman died in 1793.
Roger Sherman was one of the most influential members of the Constitutional Convention. He is not well known for his actions at the Convention because he was a "terse, ineloquent speaker" who never kept a personal record of his experience, unlike other prominent figures at the convention such as James Madison, and at 66 years of age, Sherman was the second eldest member at the convention following Benjamin Franklin (who was 81 years old at the time). Yet as one of the most active members of the Convention, Sherman made motions or seconds in reference to the Virginia Plan 160 times. His opponent Madison made motions or seconds 177 times.
Roger Sherman came into the Convention without the intention of creating a new constitution. Sherman, an original signer of the Articles of Confederation, saw the convention as a means to modify the already existing government. Part of his stance was concerned with the public appeal. He defended amending the articles declaring that it was in the best interest of the people and the most probable way the people would accept changes to a constitution. Sherman saw no reason for a bicameral legislature, as proposed by the Virginia Plan. "The problem with the old government was not that it had acted foolishly or threatened anybody's liberties, but that it had simply been unable to enforce its decrees". Sherman further advanced the idea that the national government simply needed a way to raise revenue and regulate commerce. Sherman was a big defender of a unicameral legislature. He defended the unicameral legislature of the Articles of Confederation by stating that the large states had not "suffered at the hands of small states on account of the rule of equal voting". Ultimately, when Sherman saw his initial goals of the convention as unattainable he organized compromises and deals in order to enact some of his desirable legislation.
Sherman was from a particularly isolationist state – Connecticut operated almost without much need from other states, using its own ports to trade with the West Indies instead of utilizing ports in Boston – and feared that "...the mass of people lacked sufficient wisdom to govern themselves and thus wished no branch of the federal government to be elected directly by the people". Sherman, Elbridge Gerry (himself later recognized as the namesake of American political gerrymandering) and others were of the shared opinion that the elected composition of the national government should be reserved for the vote of state officials and not for election by the will of the people. Sherman was wary of allowing ordinary citizen participation in national government and stated that the people "should have as little to do as may be about the Government. They want information and are constantly liable to be misled".
The two proposed options for the formation of the legislative branch emerged in the deliberations. One was to form a bicameral legislature in which both chambers had representation proportional to the population of the states, which was supported by the Virginia plan. The second was to modify the unicameral legislature that had equal representation from all of the states, which was supported by the New Jersey plan. Roger Sherman was a devout supporter of a unicameral legislature, but when he saw that goal as unattainable he motioned to compromise. In terms of modes of election "Sherman moved to allow each state legislature to elect its own senators". Additionally, in the house Sherman originally proposed that the suffrage of the House of Representatives should be figured according to the "numbers of free inhabitants" in each state.
During the Constitutional Convention of 1787, summoned into existence to amend the Articles of Confederation, Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth offered what came to be called the Great Compromise or Connecticut Compromise.
In this plan, designed to be acceptable to both large and small states, the people would be represented proportionally in one branch of the legislature, called the House of Representatives (the lower legislative house). The states would be represented in another house called the Senate (the upper house). In the lower house, each state had a representative for every one delegate. In the upper house each state was guaranteed two senators, regardless of its size.
Sherman is also memorable for his stance against paper money with his authoring of Article I, Section 10 of the United States Constitution and his later opposition to James Madison over the "Bill of Rights" amendments to the U.S. Constitution in his belief that these amendments would diminish the role and power of the states over the people.
Mr. Wilson & Mr. Sherman moved to insert after the words "coin money" the words "nor emit bills of credit, nor make any thing but gold & silver coin a tender in payment of debts" making these prohibitions absolute, instead of making the measures allowable (as in the XIII art) with the consent of the Legislature of the U.S. ... Mr. Sherman thought this a favorable crisis for crushing paper money. If the consent of the Legislature could authorize emissions of it, the friends of paper money would make every exertion to get into the Legislature in order to license it."
In terms of the executive Sherman had very little interest in giving the executive much authority. Sherman suggested that no constitutional provision needed be made for the executive because it was "nothing more than an institution for carrying the will of the Legislature into effect".
Originally opposed to slavery due to his personal beliefs and puritan views, Sherman used the issue of slavery as a tool for negotiation and alliance. Sherman was of the opinion that slavery was already gradually being abolished and the trend was moving southward. Sherman saw that the issue of slavery could be one that threatened the success of the constitutional convention. Therefore, Sherman decided to help pass legislation to benefit slave states in order to obtain unlikely allies from South Carolina. The two forces joined together because they both, due to the economies of their home states, benefitted from there being no export tax.
Sherman opposed appointment of fellow signer Gouverneur Morris as minister to France because he considered that high-living Patriot to be of an "irreligious nature".
Sherman was instrumental in securing the addition of "or to the people" in the wording of the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, and caused the cent to be used in the financial system. In a letter to Oliver Wolcott (May 21, 1777) he wrote, "I think it dangerous to admit citizens not connected to the army to be tried by a Court Martial".
Sherman died in his sleep on July 23, 1793, after a two-month illness diagnosed as typhoid fever. The Gazette of the United States (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), August 17, 1793, p. 508, reported an alternate diagnosis, "He was taken ill about the middle of May last, and from that time declined till his death. His physician supposed his disorder to be seated in his liver."
He was buried in New Haven Green. In 1821, when that cemetery was relocated, his remains were moved to the Grove Street Cemetery.
Numerous of Roger Sherman's descendants achieved prominence.
A son, Roger Sherman, Jr. (1768–1856), a 1787 graduate of Yale College, served in the Connecticut General Assembly in 1810–1811.
His nephew Roger Minott Sherman served as a Connecticut State Representative, 1798; Connecticut State Senator (CT), 1814–1818; and as Judge of the Connecticut Supreme Court, 1840–1844.
His daughter Rebecca Sherman was married to Simeon Baldwin, US Representative from Connecticut, 1803–1806, and an Associate Judge of the Connecticut Superior Court, 1806–1817, and who later became Mayor of New Haven, Connecticut, in 1826. Following the death of Rebecca Sherman, Baldwin married Rebecca's sister Elizabeth Sherman Burr. Daughter Martha was married to Jeremiah Day who was the President of Yale University from 1817 to 1846. Daughter Mehitabel Sherman was to married Jeremiah Evarts who was secretary of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. His daughter Sarah Sherman was married to Samuel Hoar, who was a member of the Massachusetts state legislature and U.S. Representative from Massachusetts 1835–1837.
Three grandsons Roger Sherman Baldwin, George F. Hoar, and William M. Evarts all served in the U.S. Senate. Baldwin also served as Governor of Connecticut. Evarts also served as United States Secretary of State and United States Attorney General, he was succeeded in that office by a fourth Sherman grandson who served as Massachusetts Supreme Court Chief Justice and United States Attorney General Ebenezer R. Hoar, who was also the brother George F. Hoar. A fifth grandson Sherman Day served in the California State Senate, 1855–1856; was United States Surveyor General, California, 1868–1871; and was an original trustees of the University of California.
Great-granddaughter Elizabeth Thacher Kent was an environmentalist and women's suffrage activist. Kent was married to William Kent, U.S. Representative from California 1913 to 1917, who authored the bill establishing the National Park Service and donated the land for Mount Tamalpias State Park and Muir Woods. Great-great-great grandson Theodore Sherman Palmer was also an environmentalist, serving as the vice-president of the American Society of Mammalogists from 1928 to 1934, and a co-founder of the National Audubon Society.
Great-granddaughter Elizabeth Follansbee was the first woman appointed to a medical school faculty in California, and practiced in Los Angeles from 1883 until soon before her death in 1917.
Great-grandson Simeon Eben Baldwin was a justice of Connecticut state supreme court, 1897–1907; chief justice of Connecticut Supreme Court, 1907–1910; Governor of Connecticut, 1911–1915; candidate for Democratic nomination for President, 1912; and candidate for U.S. Senator from Connecticut, 1914; Henry Sherman Boutell was a U.S. Representatives from Illinois, 1903–1911; Roger Sherman Greene was an associate justice of the Supreme Court of Washington Territory, 1870–1879; Sherman Hoar was a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts, 1891–1893; Rockwood Hoar was a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts, 1905–1906; Edward Baldwin Whitney, was a justice of the First District New York State Supreme Court, 1909–1911; and Sherman Day Thacher was the founder and first headmaster of the elite private boarding school The Thacher School in Ojai, California.
Great-great-grandsons Roger Kent was Chairman of the California Democratic State Central Committee; and Sherman Kent was one of the founders of the Central Intelligence Agency, pioneering many methods of intelligence analysis. See Sherman Kent School for Intelligence Analysis; and another Roger Sherman Hoar was a Massachusetts state senator and assistant Attorney General.
Husband of his great-great-granddaughter Mabel Wellington White, Henry L. Stimson was Secretary of War under President Taft, Secretary of State under President Hoover, and Secretary of War under both Presidents Roosevelt and Truman. Stimson was the major decision-maker on the atomic bomb and both Presidents followed his advice about using it as the weapon that led to the ultimate end of World War II. Mabel's sister Elizabeth Selden Rogers was chairman of the Advisory Council of the National Woman's Party and its Legislative Chairman for New York, and was one of the most forceful speakers in the "Prison Special" bus tour across the country; during which suffragists spoke of their experience in jail. Rogers was arrested, as part of the Silent Sentinels protest, on July 14, 1917, for picketing in front of the United States White House, and was sentenced to sixty days in Occoquan Workhouse in Virginia; but she was quickly pardoned by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson after just three days.
Great-great-great grandson Archibald Cox served as a U.S. Solicitor General and special prosecutor during President Richard Nixon's Watergate scandal; he was the great-grandson of William M. Evarts.
Sherman Avenue in central Madison, Wisconsin. Note: Most of the main streets in downtown Madison are named after signers of the United States Constitution.
Roger Sherman Street in Orange Park, Florida Heritage Hills neighborhood.
^ Roger Sherman Architect of the Capitol. Retrieved February 14, 2007.
^ a b c d e f Collier, Christopher, and James Lincoln Collier. Decision in Philadelphia: The Constitutional Convention of 1787. New York: Random House, 1986. Print.
^ Roger Sherman's family: The Society of the Descendants of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence. Retrieved 2016-05-13.
^ Rev. Josiah Sherman: From Archive.org, p. 364.
^ Sherman genealogy, including families of Essex, Suffolk and Norfolk, England, p. 142; published 1920, author Sherman, Thomas Townsend (born 1853). Retrieved 2016-05-16.
^ Elizabeth Hartwell Sherman- American History by the University of Groningen: Retrieved 2016-05-21.
^ Sherman genealogy, including families of Essex, Suffolk and Norfolk, England, p. 150; published 1920, author Sherman, Thomas Townsend (born 1853). Retrieved 2016-05-17.
^ Rebecca Sherman Book: Sherman genealogy, including families of Essex, Suffolk and Norfolk, England, pp. 153–154; 1920, author Sherman, Thomas Townsend (born 1853). Retrieved 2016-05-21.
^ Sherman genealogy, including families of Essex, Suffolk and Norfolk, England, p. 141; published 1920, author Sherman, Thomas Townsend (born 1853). Retrieved 2016-05-16.
^ New England Historical and Genealogical Register (New England Historic and Genealogical Society), 2012, Vol. 166, pp. 245–259.
^ Agnes: The American Genealogist, New Haven, Connecticut: D. L. Jacobus, 1987, Vol. 62, p. 77. Retrieved 2016-05-16.
^ Sherman genealogy, including families of Essex, Suffolk and Norfolk, England, p. 121; published 1920, author Sherman, Thomas Townsend (born 1853). Retrieved 2016-05-16.
^ a b Robertson, David B. "Madison's Opponents and Constitutional Design." The American Political Science Review 99.22 (2005): 225–243. JSTOR. Web. February 11, 2015.
^ a b Boyd, Julian P. "Roger Sherman: Portrait of a Cordwainer Statesman." The New England Quarterly 5.2 (1932): 221–236. JSTOR. Web. February 12, 2015.
^ a b c d Rakove, Jack N. Original Meanings: Politics and Ideas in the Making of the Constitution. New York: A.A. Knopf, 1996. Print.
^ Farrand, Max, ed. The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787.
^ Sherman genealogy, including families of Essex, Suffolk and Norfolk, England, p. 187; published 1920, author Sherman, Thomas Townsend (born 1853). Retrieved 2016-05-17.
^ Rommel, John G. (1979). Connecticut's Yankee patriot, Roger Sherman. Hartford: American Revolution Bicentennial Commission of Connecticut. p. 53. ISBN 0-918676-20-7.
^ Boardman (1938). : Signer and Statesman. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 336.
Gerber, Scott D., "Roger Sherman and the Bill of Rights." Polity 28 (Summer 1996): 521–540.
Rommel, John G., Connecticut's Yankee Patriot: Roger Sherman, Hartford: American Revolution Bicentennial Commission of Connecticut, 1980.
United States Congress. "Roger Sherman (id: S000349)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Sherman, Roger" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
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The public is divided over many aspects of U.S. immigration policy. However, when asked about the priorities for policy toward illegal immigration, more Americans say better border security and a path to citizenship should be given equal priority than favor either approach individually.
The new national survey, conducted August 9-16 among 2,010 adults, also finds that a large majority (76%) says that undocumented immigrants are as hard-working and honest as U.S. citizens, while 67% say they are no more likely than citizens to commit serious crimes. The survey also finds continued public opposition to building a wall along the U.S.-Mexico border: 61% oppose this proposal, which is little changed from earlier this year.
Overall, 29% of the public prioritizes “creating a way for immigrants already here illegally to become citizens if they meet certain requirements,” while (24%) say the focus should be on “better border security and stronger enforcement of immigration laws.” However, when given the option, a 45% plurality does say that both should be given equal priority.
In 2014, approximately 11.3 million undocumented immigrants were living in the United States, according to preliminary Pew Research Center estimates based on government data – a population that has largely remained stable since 2009. Undocumented immigrants from Mexico make up the largest share of this population, though the number of undocumented Mexican immigrants in the U.S. has declined since 2007.
Among Republicans and Republican-leaning independents, 41% say better border security and stronger law enforcement should be the focus in dealing with illegal immigration; about as many (45%), however, say that both stronger law enforcement and a path to citizenship should be given equal priority. Just 12% say creating a way for those in the U.S. illegally to become citizens should be the main priority.
And among Democrats, while 43% call for a focus on creating a way for immigrants here illegally to become citizens, a comparable share (47%) think both approaches should be given equal priority. Only 9% think better border security alone should be the priority.
However, when pushed to choose a single focus, those who think both should be given equal weight tend to fall in line with the preferred positions of others in their party. Overall, 69% of Republicans say stronger law enforcement is the bigger priority, while fewer (27%) say the country should prioritize a path to citizenship for immigrants here illegally. Among Democrats, the reverse is true: An overwhelming majority (79%) prioritize a path to citizenship for immigrants here illegally, if they have to choose one approach, while 20% think stronger law enforcement and border security should be the priority.
The current findings are in keeping with recent years, when pluralities have said both approaches to immigration policy – enhanced security and a path to citizenship – should be equally prioritized, though this is the first time a slightly larger share has preferred creating a path to citizenship to enhancing security (29% vs. 24%).
Views of undocumented immigrants living in the U.S.
Among the public overall, 71% say undocumented immigrants living in the United States mostly fill jobs citizens do not want, while just 24% say they mostly take jobs citizens want. About three-quarters of Americans (76%) say undocumented immigrants are “as honest and hard-working” as U.S. citizens, while 67% say they are no more likely than U.S. citizens to commit serious crimes.
As with views of immigration policy priorities, partisans differ in views of undocumented immigrants. Yet majorities of both Democrats (79%) and Republicans (63%) say that those who are in the U.S. illegally mostly take jobs U.S. citizens don’t want. Majorities in both parties also say undocumented immigrants are as honest and hard-working as U.S. citizens (87% of Democrats, 65% of Republicans).
There is a sharper divide in perceptions of criminality among undocumented immigrants. By a wide margin (80% to 15%), Democrats say those in the U.S. illegally are no more likely than citizens to commit serious crimes. Among Republicans, about half (52%) say undocumented immigrants are not more likely than citizens to commit serious crimes, but 42% say they are – more than double the share of Democrats who say this.
Hispanics overwhelmingly think undocumented immigrants currently living in the U.S. are as honest and hardworking as American citizens (86%), and that they fill jobs that American citizens do not want (79%); and Hispanics are somewhat more likely than white and black Americans to express these views. Similarly, more Hispanics than whites think undocumented immigrants are no more likely than American citizens to commit serious crimes: Nearly three-quarters of Hispanics think this (74%), compared with two-thirds of whites.
Most Americans today continue to oppose building a wall along the entire border with Mexico: 61% express opposition to the wall, while 36% are in favor. These attitudes have changed little over the past year.
Differences across demographic and political groups remain stark. While more whites say they are opposed (54%) than say they are in favor (43%) of the U.S.-Mexico border wall, they are far less likely than blacks and Hispanics to oppose the proposed wall. Roughly three-quarters of both blacks (76%) and Hispanics (76%) say they oppose the proposal, while just about one-in-five favor the wall.
Partisan differences in opinion also are wide: A 63% majority of Republicans and Republican leaners support building a wall along the U.S.-Mexico border, while 34% stand opposed to it. By contrast, an overwhelming share of Democrats (84%) are opposed to the wall, while just 14% are in favor.
The differences between registered voters who support Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton in their characterizations of undocumented immigrants, support for the U.S.-Mexico border wall and priorities for dealing with illegal immigration largely mirror partisan differences on these issues.
But among Trump backers in particular, there are some notable differences in these views by strength of support for the candidate. Half of all Trump supporters say undocumented immigrants living in the U.S. are more likely than American citizens to commit serious crimes. However, 59% of Trump supporters who support him strongly say this, compared with 42% of those who do not support him strongly.
Similarly, while fewer than three-in-ten Trump backers who only moderately support the candidate think that undocumented immigrants mostly fill jobs American citizens would like to have (29%), these views are somewhat more prevalent among those who support Trump strongly (41%).
There are only modest differences in views of undocumented immigrants between those who support Clinton strongly and those who do so only moderately.
Similarly, a proposed border wall draws support from 91% of those who support Trump strongly, compared with 67% of those who do not.
Clinton backers are solidly opposed regardless of strength of support for her candidacy. Fully 88% of Clinton supporters express opposition, compared with 10% who are in favor of a wall along the entire border with Mexico.
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0.999229 |
This championship golf course was designed by Chris Lutzke and Pete Dye. Opened in August 2003, everything from the rolling landscape to the signature 17th Island Green was designed to create magnificent shot values and challenges from each of the four sets of tees while retaining playability. Name the fifth Best New Course in America for 2004 Golf Digest magazine, Eagle Eye is a "must" for the serious golfer. The 65,000 sq.-ft. clubhouse has five banquet rooms, a fitness center and two restaurants.
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0.972193 |
How much will you owe? First, figure out what type of income you earned.
There are several types of investment income—dividends, capital gains, and interest.
Some investors are also subject to an additional tax based on income.
It's a lesson you probably learned early in your working life: When you make money, you usually owe taxes.
This is also true of money you make on your investments. Some taxes are due only when you sell investments at a profit, while other taxes are due when your investments pay you a distribution.
One of the benefits of retirement and college accounts—like IRAs and 529 accounts—is that the tax treatment of the money you earn is a little different. In many cases, you won't owe taxes on earnings until you take the money out of the account—or, depending on the type of account, ever.
But for general investing accounts, taxes are due at the time you earn the money. The tax rate you pay on your investment income depends on how you earn the money.
The tax information presented here only applies to federal taxation. Individual states may have their own taxes on investment earnings. Talk to a tax advisor about your specific situation.
What about the Medicare surtax?
Investment income may also be subject to an additional 3.8% tax if you're above a certain income threshold.
A type of investment account that offers federal and state tax benefits to people saving for higher education. These plans are sponsored by particular states but are usually open to anyone. The money in a 529 savings plan can be used for tuition and other qualified expenses at thousands of colleges, universities, graduate schools, and trade and technical schools in the United States and abroad.
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0.998355 |
The U.S. government's announcement Monday that it hacked into the San Bernardino terrorist's iPhone 5C ended the FBI's legal feud with Apple. However, it doesn't end the overarching battle about privacy and security. At the same time, people are guessing who is the FBI's helper to unlock the terrorist's iPhone? To answer this question, let's first clarify the process of the battle between FBI and Apple.
In the days after the December 2015 massacre in San Bernardino, California, which killed 14 people and wounded 22 others, the iPhone 5c left behind by one of the shooters, Syed Farook, was secretly flown to the FBI.
The FBI had been unable to review the phone's contents due to a security feature that -- after 10 failed attempts to enter the 4-digit access code -- would render the phone's files forever inaccessible.
In February, 2016, the FBI was at an impasse with Apple, which fought a court order telling the company to help authorities bypass the security feature. Apple simply rejected the FBI's order to do so on the grounds that creating the software that does the deed is an undue burden and an extremely dangerous legal precedent. But the FBI insisted it had a responsibility to access any data potentially relevant to the deadly terror attack in San Bernardino.
As the legal battle played out, the FBI appealed to cyber experts around the world for help.
This past weekend -- just days ago -- The Department of Justice has dropped its case against Apple, and "the FBI has now successfully retrieved the data stored on" the phone, according to the Justice Department.
Israel's Cellebrite, a provider of mobile forensic software, is helping the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation's attempt to unlock an iPhone used by one of the San Bernardino, California shooters, according to Israeli newspaper the Yedioth Ahronoth and Reuters.
FBI inked a $15,000 contract with Cellebrite for "information technology software" at the same day it told the court it found an "outside party".
Cellebrite, a subsidiary of Japan's Sun Corp, has its revenue split between two businesses: a forensics system used by law enforcement, military and intelligence that retrieves data hidden inside mobile devices and technology for mobile retailers. From Cellebrite, it's unlocking capability supports the following devices: iPhone 4S / 5 / 5C, iPad 2 / 3G / 4G,iPad mini 1G, and iPod touch 5G running iOS 8 - 8.0 / 8.0.1/ 8.0.2 / 8.1 / 8.1.1 / 8.1.2 / 8.1.3 / 8.2/ 8.3 / 8.4 / 8.4.1.
Partial similar to Cellebrite, FonePaw Technology Limited is company devoting to mobile phone data recovery and transfer technology.
FonePaw iPhone Data Recovery can help users to extract lost or deleted data from iOS devices. With this software, it could be very easier for you to retrieve your precious iPhone data such as photos, contacts, text messages, call logs, etc. when your iPhone is locked/stolen/lost/damaged/crashed. However, FonePaw fully takes users’ privacy into consideration, so we call on everybody using FonePaw iPhone Data Recovery to access lost/deleted/locked data on your own iPhone. FonePaw iPhone Data Recovery supports almost all iPhone, iPad and iPod touch models, including those running iOS 9.
Cellebrite has contracts with the FBI dating back to 2014, Associated Press says, but also commercial products that can be used to transfer data from older phones to new ones. Apple uses Cellebrite devices in some of its stores, the report says.
If you are the one who just switch to a new iPhone SE/6s/6 or iPad, you don't need to go to Apple Stores and ask them to transfer data from old iPhone to the new one. FonePaw iOS Transfer allows you to transfer files from iPhone to iPhone or any two iOS devices. It also supports transferring data between iOS device and computer. Why not download and have a try.
Although the government officially withdrew from its battle against Apple Monday, many observers sense the tech privacy war is just getting started. Are you the FBI supporter or the Apple supporter? Or are you just the privacy supporter? Share your opinions in the comments section below.
now have unlimited access to my girlfriend’s phone and PC and also have her activities in check.
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0.999972 |
Why does the ketogenic diet cause electrolyte imbalances? The key reason is that dietary carbohydrate restriction reduces insulin release. Insulin signals cells in the body to absorb glucose in the bloodstream, but it also signals the kidneys to reabsorb/store more water.5Lower insulin levels (as a result of decreased carb intake) means the kidneys now store less water. This results in dehydration and the flushing out of electrolytes in the process.6Changes also occur in parts of our body where carbohydrates are stored, such as the liver and muscle. Stored carbohydrates (glycogen) trap three grams of water per gram of glycogen—so when these stores are depleted on keto, the associated water is also lost. This further contributes to the reduced amount of water and electrolytes in the body.
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0.999999 |
Write a program that randomly determines two Cartesian coordinates within a 20 x 20 grid and determines the length of the line between them.
Make your output look like this. Note the single decimal on the output.
The coordinates are (16,9) and (13,0).
The line is 9.5 units long.
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0.999992 |
"The Superbowl of Motocross", Supercross!
Ever wonder where Supercross came from? What's the difference between Supercross and Motocross? Motocross was popularized in Europe during the 50's and 60's and comes from combining the word motorcycle with cross country. Most events were held in pastures or open fields. July 8, 1972 the first organized Motocross race was successfully held inside the Los Angeles Coliseum. Race promoter Michael Goodwin referred to the event as "the superbowl of motorcross". The term "Supercross" was coined. Supercross is tailored to the tv spectator. The tracks are technical, not as fast as Motocross, but technically more difficult. Part of Supercross is the showmanship that came about as a result of the larger crowds and closer interaction to the fans during the race. Ricky Carmichael may always be known as the GOAT(greatest of all time), but before Carmichael was the King, "The King Of Supercross" Jeremy McGrath. McGrath started racing Supercross in 1989 and during his career won a record 72 250cc class main events, a record that has not yet been surpassed. McGrath earned another nickname of "showtime" for his ability and willingness to throw tricks in the air such as one trick that he invented called the "Nac-Nac" , (opposite of "Can-Can") which involves the rider moving their leg over the bike, extending that leg out, while keeping the other leg on the foot peg.
Since Motocross tracks are located outside the confines of a stadium and incorporate natural terrain as part of the course, the track can, and most times is, more laid out in design often involving higher speeds, more climbs generally a less technical design. The races are longer than Supercross, usually close to 40 minutes. As stated before, Supercross tracks are tailored to the audience so the track must fit in a smaller area in an outdoor or indoor stadium where the fans can view the action. The turns are tighter and more technical so the speeds are lower, but the jumps and obstacles make up for this by being tight and technical. Supercross has a little more of a rhythm to it and riders that can master this rhythm, quickly move to the front of the pack. Double jumps can sometimes be turned into triples etc. by the more advance racers shaving seconds off lap times any way they can. Timing and precision becomes more important than speed in Supercross, and big jumps are placed in the track to please the crowd and make the race more exciting. The stadiums can also be reached easier by more people than the fields and rural areas of Motocross.
So which one is really more enjoyable to watch or compete in? I suppose that ends up being up to us! Since Supercross tends to be more advertised and televised it tends to draw the bigger crowds and attention, but being that events such as Motocross, Enduro, Freeride, etc. are on natural terrain instead of man made jumps and obstacles, people who chose to ride on natural terrain instead of tracks tend to find more of a connection with these types of events. It's good that both still exist and even more events are popping up all the time to feed the need!
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0.999999 |
What are some best practices regarding the usage of consolidations and fanouts?
1. Only consolidate at times when fees are very low.
2. Try to consolidate with large numbers of utxos (unspents), not small numbers. I'd say around 10 is the minimum for a consolidation.
3. Avoid consolidating when the amount in fees per utxo are a very significant portion of the amount consolidated. Don't consolidate a $5 output if you lose $4.99 on that output in fees for consolidating it.
1. Only do fan-outs if you are doing more than around 20 spends per 10 minutes and you cannot do batching. You should always first try to do batching, which will deliver huge fee savings.
2. Avoid fan outs where the fan out amounts are less than 100x the fee to spend them: if fees are $15 then don't make a fan out to make a bunch of $50 outputs that you will have to spend $15 each to spend.
Lately, the fees have been very high, and it seems unlikely to me that they will get much lower in the short term. Perhaps when Bitcoin Core releases full segwit support or some of the bigger players update to segwit there will be some respite. This means that consolidation transactions will be very expensive currently, and it will be uneconomic to consolidate the smallest unspents in your wallet.
However, one tool that is available to you now would be to batch multiple payments into one transaction. To that end, you'd want to collect all recipients for some period of time, e.g. five minutes and then send a single transaction to pay all of them.
By issuing each payment as a separate transaction, you always create a new change output that comes back to your wallet and needs to be spent in the future. By batching, you'd only create a single change output for all the payments in the transaction. This should help reducing the number of unspents in your wallet and save future fees.
By batching payments, you would use fewer unspents in the inputs, which should let you run out of high-value unspents less often, as less of your money is stuck in an unconfirmed state.
The disadvantage would be that the recipients would have to wait a few minutes to first see the payment.
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0.869327 |
Example of fractional knapsack: Example: Number of items n=3, Capacity m=45 & the weights and profits are given below:Weight (wi) 20 20 20 Profit (pi) 40 60 50 Now find out the fraction of chosen items with maximum p Greedy approach to solve Fractional knapsack problem: Find the unit ui using the formula ui=pi/wi. Find the fraction of the items xi that will be taken in order to get maximum profit.... Thank you for the response. I know that there are a number of ways to solve the Knapsack using a greedy algorithm and I have already seen and used one with the highest ratio of value/weight.
To answer your first question, there are problems which can be solved by dynamic programming but not satisfactorily by a greedy algorithm. Take for example a Wikipedia example for finding a shortest path.
How To Write a C Program To Implement Knapsack Problem Using Greedy Method in C Programming Language ? Problem's are as follows: Given a set of items, each with a weight and a value .
We explain how a simple genetic algorithm (SGA) can be utilized to solve the knapsack problem and outline the similarities to the feature selection problem that frequently occurs in the context of the construction of an analytical model.
Greedy Algorithms1 Simple Knapsack Problem “Greedy Algorithms” form an important class of algorithmic techniques. We illustrate the idea by applying it to a simplified version of the “Knapsack Problem”.
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0.999678 |
Boys of Blur by N. D. Wilson.
Review: Imagine yourself running through the woods, badly bruised and cut being chased by a deadly stank. The sugar cane is burning; you're running as fast as the speed of light, not daring to look back. All of a sudden, you feel a painful sensation on the back of your head, and you are suddenly falling to the ground unconscious. Slowly feeling your life draining away, you're either quickÉor you're dead. This is just a small section of Boys of Blur by N.D Wilson.
In Boys of Blur, courage is a trait you need to survive in the woods. That's exactly what Charlie and Cotton have. It all starts at a funeral for the death of Willie Wisdom, a former football coach. Charlie doesn't know it, but he has a step cousin, Cotton. Once Charlie meets him at the sugar cane farm, Cotton shows Charlie something that no one else knows. The church they were at was vandalized, but even more surprising, there was an unknown warrior trying to steal the body of Willie Wisdom! There is much more danger than the animals and the occasional burning of the sugar cane. Stanks are an unknown species of a ghost like creature, who can hunt you down. The horrible smell can knock you out or even worse, kill you! The three of them have to work together to survive, but there is much more ahead.
What I liked most about the book is that the author always had a suspenseful ending to each chapter. I always wanted to read more. Each chapter interested me, whether it was action or arguments. When Charlie and Cotton ran, it was so suspenseful; it made me fall off the edge of my seat! The reader never suspects what is going to happen! This book could be recommended to boys and girls. This is a good book for middle school students and elementary kids. The setting makes the plot eerie and spooky. You don't know what's going to happen to the characters or what's going to pop out from behind a bush. Every second, the protagonists had to be aware of their surroundings, especially if they were vulnerable to the stanks. The fate of the world depends on Charlie and Cotton, and that makes the book very exciting. In my opinion, the characters show admirable traits. Charlie would do anything to save some one's life. The way he risks his life to get the antidote for Cotton was really brave. Sugar also shows courage because he helps Charlie get across the swamp. If you enjoy books full of action, suspense, and surprising events you should read Boys of Blur.
Review written by Nicholas (6th grade student).
We would like to thank Random House for providing a copy of Boys of Blur for this review.
Have you read Boys of Blur? How would you rate it?
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0.999999 |
Last night Dan and I were in the car rocking out to some dance tunes when Prince's 1999 came on. I noticed Dan was singing, "Tonight I'm gonna party like it's 1985". I turned down the music and said, "You realize it's '1999', right?" He replied, "Yes I know, but that's not my year".
Dan was born in 1985.
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0.997804 |
What type of rare disease research will PCORI fund?
PCORI is interested in funding patient-centered comparative effectiveness research (CER) that addresses outstanding questions about the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of rare diseases. Investigators applying for PCORI funding must make the case that the study addresses a clinical choice and decisional dilemma faced by patients and healthcare providers. As part of the justification for the importance of the study, investigators should describe how the interventions being studied are currently used in clinical practice for the diagnosis, treatment, or management of the condition, both in terms of how widely they are used and any particular clinical and population considerations. Additionally, PCORI encourages investigators to use validated outcome measures, including patient-reported outcomes, and provide preliminary data that support the proposed measures.
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0.958519 |
What is the purpose of equipping a Spoiler on a car?
My answer is, it looks good on a sporty car, but in terms of perfor -mance it really doesn't have that much of an impact, remember spoilers and wings are completely different.
Spoilers are generally closer to the body of the car and helps diffuse the air thus reducing the drag but even so, the results of this impact is minimal. So in short those Spoilers you see equipped on vehicles has no aerodynamic down force effects, so don't expect any advantage from it, it's more of a decoration than performance.
Wings on the other hand are mounted much higher up and does have an aerodyamic effect of creating a down force, but you'll only feel the effect if you push to a speed of at least 70mph lower than that then it won't be much of factor too, and even if you are running at high speed, it would only give you a disadvantage than advantage if you happen to equip only the wing, in order to make this modification effective you'll also need to pair it with a front, rear and side skirts. You may ask why, the wings alone produces downforce on the part where it is equipped, so imagine the rear of your car pressed down obviously the front of the vehicle will lift and of course can produce a bad running result, but if you happened to pair it with the right skirts you'd be experiencing a swift ride, the speed and stability would all be awesome, you'll be able drive the vehicle to its limit without even noticing it.
To cut this story short, if your aiming for improving your vehicle's performance, try getting a wing not a spoiler and pair it with the right set of skirts and nothing less, this things should come in as a set to get the best performance. other than that you'll just be wasting your money.
Great blog! Hope to get some more updates. Thanks for sharing this.
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0.992213 |
I have a rules question. As stated, the event is a "no alibi" match. There is also a time penalty for not firing 12 rounds in each shooting phase. If a competitor attempts to fire 12 rounds, but suffers a misfire, can he load an additional round during that shooting phase in order to fire the 12 rounds required?
I checked the rules. There are no alibi rounds as you have stated. The rules also state a competitor may only have 24 rounds of ammunition at their shooting position. Each magazine or speed loader may only contain 6 rounds. Taking that in to account the to answer your question the competitor will have to take the penalty for not shooting the required number of rounds.
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0.993944 |
Spanish is a Romance language named for its origins as the native tongue of a large proportion of the inhabitants of Spain. It is also named Castilian after the Spanish region of Castile where it originated. Spanish is the second most natively spoken language in the world, after Mandarin Chinese.
In 1999 there were, according to Ethnologue, 358 million people speaking Spanish as a native language and a total of 417 million speakers worldwide. Currently these figures are between 400 and 500 million people respectively. Mexico contains the largest population of Spanish speakers. Spanish is one of the six official languages of the United Nations, and is used as an official language by the European Union and Mercosur.
Spanish is a part of the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several dialects of spoken Latin in central-northern Iberia around the ninth century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the later Middle Ages. Early in its history, the Spanish vocabulary was enriched by its contact with Basque and Arabic, and the language continues to adopt foreign words from a variety of other languages, as well as developing new words. Spanish was taken most notably to the Americas as well as to Africa and Asia-Pacific with the expansion of the Spanish Empire between the fifteenth and nineteenth centuries, where it became the most important language for government and trade.
Due to its increasing presence in the demographics and popular culture of the United States, particularly in the fast-growing states of the Sun Belt, Spanish is the most popular second language learned by native speakers of American English. The increasing political stability and economies of many larger Hispanophone nations, the language's immense geographic extent in Latin America and Europe for tourism, and the growing popularity of warmer, more affordable, and culturally vibrant retirement destinations found in the Hispanic world have contributed significantly to the growth of learning Spanish as a foreign language across the globe.
Spanish is the third most commonly used language on the Internet after English and Mandarin. It is also the third most studied language and third language in international communication, after English and French, in the world.
There are important variations—phonological, grammatical, and lexical—in the spoken Spanish of the various regions of Spain and throughout the Spanish-speaking areas of the Americas. The variety with the most speakers is Mexican Spanish. It is spoken by more than twenty percent of the world's Spanish speakers.
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0.990163 |
Dan William, a student at Clark University, is one of the refugees of civil war in the Sudan popularly called "the Lost Boys of Sudan." Born in Yirol, in southern Sudan, he was eight years old when forced to flee when government forces attacked the town, which had been controlled by rebel forces. Travelling with thousands of others, he made his way to a refugee camp in Ethiopia, where he lived for four years, and subsequently to a camp in Kenya, where he lived for nine years. He came to the United States and Worcester in 2001 and attended Quinsigamond Community College before transferring to Clark, where he is studying government. He is 27 years old.
First of all, what was your living situation like before the war affected you?
My father was a chief, and in financial terms we were having a good life. I was in primary school. At that time the war came in, the civil war, and the government attacked my city.
Did you know they were coming?
Because I was young I didn't know this, but I learned later that people knew it was coming. But we were just playing, kids playing, and we saw the trucks come and start shooting and killing people, and I and some of my friends, we ran to the bush. Three hours later, we began coming back and we see the whole village burned down. When I came to my house, it was all ashes. Many people were shot dead, and I didn't find my family so I started crying, not knowing where to go, and then some more people came running and they grabbed me and kept running.
I didn't know, no. We were just following the big mass of people. We crossed the river Nile and people tried to lead us, but for me and other kids we didn't know, we were just following. Along the way, a lot of attacks happened because there were some other tribes the government employed and gave them some guns to attack us. And also there were, you know, wild animals and the desert also. People walk at night, because during the day you could be attacked, but at night it gets so cold and the day so hot. Also there were animal attacks, and some people also died from hunger, so we tried to eat some leaves to survive and sometimes the meat of dead animals. In certain areas you could go for two days without water, and some people started drinking their own urine. There are different kinds of bad things that we faced on the way.
The thing is that there were a lot of people who died along the way, and sometimes you don't know why it is you who didn't die. You didn't know that you were going to survive. A lot of people made it, but a lot of people died on the way — probably more. You see dead bodies on the road, you see them everywhere; and these wild animals, by eating human flesh, they become more wild and try to attack people.
Somebody must have known where you were going.
There were thousands and thousands of people walking, and some people knew we were going to a refugee camp. So eventually we came to Ethiopia and they gave us a camp, but the other problem we faced down there was they didn't have anything to offer us other than the land to stay, because they don't have much food. Those lucky to come with family, they put them in a community of families, but we were like 17,000 kids in our camp alone with no parents. We were given our own group to live with, and we begin to forget what we had gone through, and then another war came in again from Ethiopia. That's when they overthrew the Ethiopian government, and the new rebels were having support from the Sudan government, so now they allowed Sudanese forces to attack the refugee camp, and we were forced back again to run toward Sudan. So we ran and on the way there is a river overflowing, called the Gilo River, and thousands of people died in that river. Crocodiles were taking people, but some made it across, and we came to the border. We spent a couple of months there and there was no food either. The river dried and troops from the government came through the border and captured that town and attacked, and that time we ran to Kenya, and while we were crossing the desert there, we were also attacked by militia. We were not allowed to go to Kenya, but in another four months the government attacked, and that's when we ran without permission to Kenya.
What did you think about all of this at the time?
And what do you think of that name?
It's just a term they give us, and we don't have any choice. We've gone through so many bad things, so nothing is new. Actually I think it offends some but some think it's OK — because we are actually lost, you know.
What was it like to come here?
We were so happy that we were coming and we were going to make our lives better. You know, you have this kind of perception that life will be much better, but actually, the reality is that life is difficult everywhere. The only good thing is the security: You don't need to worry, because [in Africa] you could be killed and nobody investigates because you are refugees, but here now you have security and you don't worry that somebody will attack you. Also, we are getting an education, but it's like when you go to a place that doesn't meet your expectations, it really affects you sometimes.
Yeah, sometimes. When you're in another culture and when there's nobody you can go to, sometimes you feel lonely, yes. But still I am thankful because I am still alive. Other people are already gone and dead, but I am still alive, so I am good. Sometimes your time did not come and you survive.
The reason that I went back to school — I thought about it and decided I have to study government, and know why some governments are bad and some are good. I want to help people, and that is my aim to go to school — not to be rich but to help people and try to do good things. Because I know from what I went through, I do not want other people to have that problem. What makes a government bad and what makes it good, and what are the solutions?
In what ways do you think you are different because of your experience?
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0.999892 |
The decision to retire after repeated concussive injuries remains a complex and controversial area. For the most part, there are no evidence based recommendations to guide the practitioner. In the absence of scientifically valid guidelines, good clinical judgment and common sense remain the mainstay of management.
It is difficult for a team doctor when an athlete, professional or otherwise, has suffered a number of concussive injuries but has no residual neurological or cognitive symptoms. Concern expressed by the doctor, the patient, and other medical or coaching team members is often raised as the prelude to this decision making process. Far more difficult, and sadly far too common, is the trial “by media” in which anecdotal cases of athletes with poor outcomes following repeated “concussions” are described, often with little or no supporting medical evidence, as the basis for recommendations about the playing future of the player concerned.
There is no scientific evidence that sustaining several concussions over a sporting career will necessarily result in permanent damage. Part of the neuromythology surrounding concussion is the concept of the “three strike rule”: if an athlete has three concussions then, he or she is ruled out of competition for a period of time. On occasions, this can result in permanent curtailment of sporting participation. This anecdotal approach was originally proposed by Quigley in 1945 and subsequently adopted by Thorndike, who suggested that if any athlete suffered “three concussions, which involved loss of consciousness for any period of time, the athlete should be removed from contact sports for the remainder of the season”.1 It is important to remember that this approach has no scientific validity, yet continues to be the rationale underpinning most of the current guidelines on return to play. It may also be worth noting that the definition of concussion used by both Quigley and Thorndike differs considerably from that in current use.
This issue becomes further confused when stories of well known athletes suffering from recurrent head trauma appear in the media and lay press. In some cases, the brain injuries are more severe than the typical sport related concussive injuries, and long term symptoms are not wholly unexpected. In other cases, professional athletes suffer repeated concussions but are not banned from sport, in contrast with the advice given to recreational athletes. Understandably this leads to cynicism in the minds of the public about the differing standards of medical care applied to the elite and non-elite athlete. Far more commonly in my experience, many athletes suffer trauma triggered migraines that are misdiagnosed as episodes of concussion. It is these repeated headache episodes upon which management advice is often erroneously given.
Does repeat concussion result in cumulative damage?
Apart from boxing related head injuries, the most widely cited studies of the cumulative effects of concussion have been of patients with injuries sustained in motor vehicle accidents that were severe enough to warrant presentation to hospital. Generally, concussive injuries suffered in sports such as football involve lower acceleration-deceleration forces than are experienced in motor vehicle accidents.7–10 Patients with these sports related injuries typically recover quickly and usually do not require acute hospital admission.
Concussive injuries in Australian Rules football tend to be mild, with neuropsychological performance returning to levels found before injury within a few days.23–25 Similarly, post-concussive symptoms such as headache, nausea, poor concentration, and fatigue also resolve within the first few days of injury. The classical “post-concussive syndrome” often seen after motor vehicle accidents and other forms of severe traumatic brain injury is exceedingly rare in sport.
Is there a genetic susceptibility to chronic brain injury in sports?
Recent research has suggested that chronic traumatic encephalopathy in boxers may be associated with a particular genetic predisposition. The apolipoprotein E ε-4 gene (ApoE), a susceptibility gene for late onset familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease, may be associated with an increased risk of chronic traumatic encephalopathy in boxers.2,5,29,30 In a non-boxing population, ApoE polymorphism was significantly associated with death and adverse outcomes following acute traumatic brain injury seen in a neurosurgical unit.31 In a recent prospective study, ApoE genotypes were tested to see if they could be used to predict days of unconsciousness and functional outcome after six months.32 There was a strong association between the ApoE allele and poor clinical outcome.
Guidelines recommending termination of all contact sport after three concussions during the course of an athletic season need to be considered carefully. In the absence of documented objective evidence of brain injury, there is no scientific support for this generalisation. Athletes excluded from competition on such a basis may consider a medicolegal appeal that would be impossible to defend in a court of law.
There are several anecdotal guidelines available in the literature.33–38 As mentioned above, these are not supported by published scientific evidence and should be considered management “options” at best (table 1).
It would seem that in the absence of a scientifically validated scale for return to sport, we are left to make a decision using either an arbitrary exclusion period or an individualised clinical and neuropsychological assessment of recovery. With new web based computerised neuropsychological test batteries available for screening athletes after injury, such measures are readily and cheaply available for all team doctors involved in the care of recreational as well as professional athletes.39 Before these new developments, access to neuropsychological assessment was a practical and logistical problem for the non-professional athlete, and the evolution of arbitrary exclusion periods was commonplace.
The issue of retirement because of repeated concussion remains controversial. At present, no scientifically validated guidelines exist upon which to base a medical decision. Inappropriate advice, at least at the professional level, may expose the doctor to medicolegal challenge. At present, best practice lies between arbitrary exclusion periods after injury or individualised clinical and neuropsychological assessment. The latter approach should be preferred, and the advent of web based neuropsychological assessment tools makes this a viable and practical option. Recent research suggests that long term chronic complaints resulting from concussion may often have a genetic basis rather than simply being a manifestation of repeated exposure.
Thorndike A. Serious recurrent injuries of athletes. N Engl J Med1952;246:554–6.
Jordan B. Sparring and cognitive function in professional boxers. Physician and Sportsmedicine1996;24:87–98.
Martland HS. Punch drunk. JAMA1928;19:1103–7.
Jordan B. Genetic susceptibility to brain injury in sports: a role for genetic testing in athletes? Physician and Sportsmedicine1998;26:25–6.
McCrory P. Does second impact syndrome exist? Clin J Sport Med2001;11:144–50.
Gronwall D, Sampson H. The psychological effects of concussion. Auckland: Oxford Univeristy Press, 1974.
Gronwall D. Paced auditory serial addition task: a measure of recovery from concussion. Percept Mot Skills1977;44:367–73.
Gronwall D, Wrighson P. Memory and information processing capacity after closed head injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry1981;44:889–95.
Gronwall D, Wrightson P. Cumulative effects of concussion. Lancet1975;ii:995–7.
Jordan B, ed. Medical aspects of boxing. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1993.
Cantu RC, ed. Boxing and medicine. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 1995.
Tysvaer A, Storli O. Association football injuries to the brain: a preliminary report. Br J Sports Med1981;15:163–6.
Tysvaer A, Storli O, Bachen N. Soccer injuries to the brain: a neurologic and encephalographic study of former players. Acta Neurol Scand1989;80:151–6.
Tysvaer A, Lochen E. Soccer injuries to the brain: a neuropsychological study of former soccer players. Am J Sports Med1991;19:56–60.
Tysvaer AT. Head and neck injuries in soccer the impact of minor head trauma. Sports Med1992;14:200–13.
Boden B, Kirkendall D, Garrett W. Concussion incidence in elite college soccer players. Am J Sports Med1998;26:238–41.
Barnes BC, Cooper L, Kirkendall DT, et al. Concussion history in elite male and female soccer players. Am J Sports Med1998;26:433–8.
Green GA, Jordan SE. Are brain injuries a significant problem in soccer? Clin Sports Med1998;17:795–809.
Matser EJ, Kessels AG, Lezak MD, et al. Neuropsychological impairment in amateur soccer players [see comments]. JAMA1999;282:971–3.
Naunheim RS, Standeven J, Richter C, et al. Comparison of impact data in hockey, football, and soccer. J Trauma2000;48:938–41.
Maddocks D, Saling M. Neuropsychological sequelae following concussion in Australian rules footballers. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol1991;13:439–41.
Maddocks DL. Neuropsychological recovery after concussion in Australian rules footballers. [PhD thesis]. Melbourne: University of Melbourne, 1995.
Alves WM, Rimel RW, Nelson WE. University of Virginia prospective study of football induced minor head injury: status report. Clin Sports Med1987;6:211–18.
Maddocks D, Dicker G. An objective measure of recovery from concussion in Australian rules footballers. Sport Health1989;7(suppl):6–7.
Parkinson D. Concussion is completely reversible: an hypothesis. Med Hypotheses1992;37:37–9.
Saunders A, Strittmatter W, Schmechel D. Association of Apolipoprotein E allele epsilon 4 with late onset familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Neurology1993;43:1467–72.
Corder E, Saunders A, Strittmatter W. Gene dose of Apolipoprotein E type 4 allele and the risk of late onset Alzheimer's disease in families. Science1993;261:921–3.
Friedman G, Froom P, Sazbon L, et al. Apolipoprotein E-epsilon 4 genotype predicts a poor outcome in survivors of traumatic brain injry. Neurology1999;52:244–9.
Kelly JP, Nichols JS, Filley CM, et al. Concussion in sports. Guidelines for the prevention of catastrophic outcome. JAMA1991;266:2867–9.
Kelly JP, Rosenberg JH. The development of guidelines for the management of concussion in sports. J Head Trauma Rehabil1998;13:53–65.
Jordan B, Tsaris P, Warren R, eds. Sports neurology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven Publishers, 1998:277.
Cantu RC. Return to play guidelines after a head injury. Clin Sports Med1998;17:45–60.
Cantu RC. Guidelines for return to contact sports after cerebral concussion. Physician and Sportsmedicine1986;14:75–83.
American Academy of Neurology. Practice parameter: the management of concussion in sports (summary statement). Neurology1997;48:581–5.
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0.999998 |
The petitioner, an American citizen of Japanese descent, was convicted in a federal district court for remaining in San Leandro, California, a "Military Area," contrary to Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34 of the Commanding General [p216] of the Western Command, U.S. Army, which directed that, after May 9, 1942, all persons of Japanese ancestry should be excluded from that area. No question was raised as to petitioner's loyalty to the United States. The Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed, [n1] and the importance of the constitutional question involved caused us to grant certiorari.
. . . whoever shall enter, remain in, leave, or commit any act in any military area or military zone prescribed, under the authority of an Executive order of the President, by the Secretary of War, or by any military commander designated by the Secretary of War, contrary to the restrictions applicable to any such area or zone or contrary to the order of the Secretary of War or any such military commander, shall, if it appears that he knew or should have known of the existence and extent of the restrictions or order and that his act was in violation thereof, be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be liable to a fine of not to exceed $5,000 or to imprisonment for not more than one year, or both, for each offense.
the successful prosecution of the war requires every possible protection against espionage and against sabotage to national defense material, national defense premises, and national defense utilities. . . .
One of the series of orders and proclamations, a curfew order, which, like the exclusion order here, was promulgated pursuant to Executive Order 9066, subjected all persons of Japanese ancestry in prescribed West Coast military areas to remain in their residences from 8 p.m. to 6 a.m. As is the case with the exclusion order here, that prior curfew order was designed as a "protection against espionage and against sabotage." In Hirabayashi v. United States, 320 U.S. 81, we sustained a conviction obtained for violation of the curfew order. The Hirabayashi conviction and this one thus rest on the same 1942 Congressional Act and the same basic executive and military orders, all of which orders were aimed at the twin dangers of espionage and sabotage.
In the light of the principles we announced in the Hirabayashi case, we are unable to conclude that it was beyond the war power of Congress and the Executive to exclude [p218] those of Japanese ancestry from the West Coast war area at the time they did. True, exclusion from the area in which one's home is located is a far greater deprivation than constant confinement to the home from 8 p.m. to 6 a.m. Nothing short of apprehension by the proper military authorities of the gravest imminent danger to the public safety can constitutionally justify either. But exclusion from a threatened area, no less than curfew, has a definite and close relationship to the prevention of espionage and sabotage. The military authorities, charged with the primary responsibility of defending our shores, concluded that curfew provided inadequate protection and ordered exclusion. They did so, as pointed out in our Hirabayashi opinion, in accordance with Congressional authority to the military to say who should, and who should not, remain in the threatened areas.
We uphold the exclusion order as of the time it was made and when the petitioner violated it. Cf. Chastleton Corporation v. Sinclair, 264 U.S. 543, 547; Block v. Hirsh, 256 U.S. 135, 155. In doing so, we are not unmindful of the hardships imposed by it upon a large group of American citizens. Cf. Ex parte Kawato, 317 U.S. 69, 73. But hardships are part of war, and war is an aggregation of hardships. All citizens alike, both in and out of uniform, feel the impact of war in greater or lesser measure. Citizenship has its responsibilities, as well as its privileges, and, in time of war, the burden is always heavier. Compulsory [p220] exclusion of large groups of citizens from their homes, except under circumstances of direst emergency and peril, is inconsistent with our basic governmental institutions. But when, under conditions of modern warfare, our shores are threatened by hostile forces, the power to protect must be commensurate with the threatened danger.
to insure the orderly evacuation and resettlement of Japanese voluntarily migrating from Military Area No. 1, to restrict and regulate such migration.
We are thus being asked to pass at this time upon the whole subsequent detention program in both assembly and relocation centers, although the only issues framed at the trial related to petitioner's remaining in the prohibited area in violation of the exclusion order. Had petitioner here left the prohibited area and gone to an assembly center, we cannot say, either as a matter of fact or law, that his presence in that center would have resulted in his detention in a relocation center. Some who did report to the assembly center were not sent to relocation centers, but were released upon condition that they remain outside the prohibited zone until the military orders were modified or lifted. This illustrates that they pose different problems, and may be governed by different principles. T he lawfulness of one does not necessarily determine the lawfulness of the others. This is made clear [p222] when we analyze the requirements of the separate provisions of the separate orders. These separate requirements were that those of Japanese ancestry (1) depart from the area; (2) report to and temporarily remain in an assembly center; (3) go under military control to a relocation center, there to remain for an indeterminate period until released conditionally or unconditionally by the military authorities. Each of these requirements, it will be noted, imposed distinct duties in connection with the separate steps in a complete evacuation program. Had Congress directly incorporated into one Act the language of these separate orders, and provided sanctions for their violations, disobedience of any one would have constituted a separate offense. Cf. Blockburger v. United States, 284 U.S. 299, 304. There is no reason why violations of these orders, insofar as they were promulgated pursuant to Congressional enactment, should not be treated as separate offenses.
The Endo case, post, p. 283, graphically illustrates the difference between the validity of an order to exclude and the validity of a detention order after exclusion has been effected.
Some of the members of the Court are of the view that evacuation and detention in an Assembly Center were inseparable. After May 3, 1942, the date of Exclusion [p223] Order No. 34, Korematsu was under compulsion to leave the area not as he would choose, but via an Assembly Center. The Assembly Center was conceived as a part of the machinery for group evacuation. The power to exclude includes the power to do it by force if necessary. And any forcible measure must necessarily entail some degree of detention or restraint, whatever method of removal is selected. But whichever view is taken, it results in holding that the order under which petitioner was convicted was valid.
It is said that we are dealing here with the case of imprisonment of a citizen in a concentration camp solely because of his ancestry, without evidence or inquiry concerning his loyalty and good disposition towards the United States. Our task would be simple, our duty clear, were this a case involving the imprisonment of a loyal citizen in a concentration camp because of racial prejudice. Regardless of the true nature of the assembly and relocation centers -- and we deem it unjustifiable to call them concentration camps, with all the ugly connotations that term implies -- we are dealing specifically with nothing but an exclusion order. To cast this case into outlines of racial prejudice, without reference to the real military dangers which were presented, merely confuses the issue. Korematsu was not excluded from the Military Area because of hostility to him or his race. He was excluded because we are at war with the Japanese Empire, because the properly constituted military authorities feared an invasion of our West Coast and felt constrained to take proper security measures, because they decided that the military urgency of the situation demanded that all citizens of Japanese ancestry be segregated from the West Coast temporarily, and, finally, because Congress, reposing its confidence in this time of war in our military leaders -- as inevitably it must -- determined that they should have the power to do just this. There was evidence of disloyalty on the part of some, the military authorities considered that the need for [p224] action was great, and time was short. We cannot -- by availing ourselves of the calm perspective of hindsight -- now say that, at that time, these actions were unjustified.
2. Hearings before the Subcommittee on the National War Agencies Appropriation Bill for 1945, Part II, 608-726; Final Report, Japanese Evacuation from the West Coast, 1942, 309-327; Hearings before the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization, House of Representatives, 78th Cong., 2d Sess., on H.R. 2701 and other bills to expatriate certain nationals of the United States, pp. 37-42, 49-58.
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0.802965 |
The Victorian passion for cheese was matched by their enthusiasm for decorative earthenware dishes in which to serve it.
When it came to cheese, the Victorians were real enthusiasts. Every area had its own speciality cheese and the discerning shopper in the larger towns had literally hundreds to choose from.
Names such as Double Cottenham, Brickbat and Sage were as well-known then as Cheddar, Cheshire and Stilton are today.
Victorian shoppers didn't fiddle about with small pieces, but typically bought whole cheeses. They even devoted a dinner course to them, which came between the pudding and a dessert.
Once the cheese had its own place on the menu, it had to have its own serving dish, and these were manufactured in huge numbers.
There were two basic types. The round Stilton dish, with a domed lid, was made to accommodate a whole cheese, while others were shaped to take a wedge. Stilton dishes were more popular at the start of the Victorian period, while wedge dishes were typical of late Victorian and Edwardian times.
Most wedge-shaped dishes, and some of the Stilton type, were sold as part of a dinner service, and decorative styles varied according to the fashion of the day.
Multi-coloured transfer printing was introduced in 1828 and there was a vogue for it in the 1830s, but early examples of it are now rare and expensive.
With the opening up of Japan to the west in the mid-19th century, Wedgwood produced services called Satsuma, Imperial Dragon and Mikado, while Minton made a bamboo design and Dudson introduced a stylish pattern that imitated lacquer, with transfer-printed, hand painted motifs over a shiny black glaze.
Other designs reflected the Victorian passion for gardens, and featured flowers or designs that hinted at the traditional accompaniments for cheeses, such as swags of vine leaves, fruits and nuts.
Wedgwood produced Stilton dishes in their famous jasper ware, with a blue or a green ground.
In 1851, Minton's developed bright and highly decorative glazes that they christened majolica, because of their fancied resemblance to the blue and white majolica wares produced in Italy in previous centuries.
The new style, in colours other than just blue and white, became all the rage. The glaze was generally applied to highly moulded wares; fruit, flowers, leaves and cows were the favoured motifs.
At first, the lids of the dishes were lifted by knobs, moulded in more or less appropriate shapes; tomatoes, cows' heads, sheaves of corn, acorns and knots of rope were all used. Later, these were replaced by handles.
The shape of cheese dishes reflected the different ways in which cheeses were brought to the dining table, either in the round or, as here, in a wedge cut from the whole cheese.
You do not have to be a cheese lover to enjoy cheese dishes. A collection of them can make a handsome display.
Stilton dishes are now pretty rare and so they tend to he expensive, while their size makes them quite hard to accommodate. If your funds or your space are limited, you will be better off collecting the wedge-shaped dishes.
The diversity of pottery styles and glazes popular in the 19th century means you can either build a general collection or specialize. Maiolica ware and Japanese styles are desirable items, or you could concentrate on one manufacturer, such as Wedgwood, Dudson or Royal Doulton. Commemorative ware is another option.
Novelty designs can be fun. William Brownfield of Cobridge made some with ivied battlements, known as castle dishes, while Beswick, now owned by the Royal Doulton group, made cottage ware. Royal Winton II (Grimwades) and Price's also made cheese dishes in the shape of country cottages.
Jasper ware - with white motifs in relief against a coloured background - need not be Wedgwood, which can be very expensive to collect.
Copeland and Dudson, for instance, both produced their own, and most pieces you will find today are likely to have been made by Dudson; they can be identified by their cut rope or acorn knobs. The relief designs include cherubs, muses, ferns, birds, butterflies and hunting scenes.
Specialist pottery shops are the place to look for Stilton dishes, while wedge-shaped dishes will turn up all over the place, including junk shops, antiques fairs and markets.
If a Stilton dish is missing its large, domelike cover, as is, sadly, often the case, its value will be greatly reduced. Some tops and bases may fit and look well together but may still not be a pair. The price should reflect this.
If you wish to collect pieces by specific makers and need help in identifying them, the potteries and pottery museums in Staffordshire can often prove helpful.
Bear in mind, though, that famous makers such as Wedgwood, Minton and Doulton are quite likely to command a premium price.
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0.999959 |
What Can We Do To Support Egypt?
We have all been moved by the courageous actions of the Egyptian people over the past few days. In response to their inspiring example, we might ask the following question. What effective steps can we take to support their struggle for liberation, and to support similar struggles throughout the world?
There is a very easy and very bad response to this question. Unfortunately, it is also the one that is most popular. This response is to express our great sympathy and admiration for their struggle, and then to go on acting as we have in the past. I propose that a more constructive response would be, first, to become better educated about what has made their struggle necessary, and, next, to begin to act in ways that that will make it, and similar struggles, more likely to succeed in the future.
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0.921453 |
Understand the Russian dating culture and win her heart!
It is true that dating a Moscow woman can be daunting. If you want to win the heart of a Moscow woman, it is necessary to understand what dating is in Russian culture.
In Russian dating, bringing a present is a must. It doesn't need to be costly, and you do not need an occasion to do so. The most popular gift is a bunch of flowers. The number of stems, however, should be an odd number; even number of stems is for funerals. You can also bring chocolates along with it.
If you are on a date and she arrives late, do not worry. That is normal for a Russian woman. That means she had been preparing for that date, which will take a lot of time. Some even arrive later than fifteen minutes.
Be a gentleman. Open doors for her. Carry her baggage. Take her to her home. Simple gestures like these can tug at her heartstrings.
Show her your sincerity. Call her often. Leave her simple love notes. Make her feel like you always think of her and you are in it for the long haul. Russian women are serious about everything, and they will expect you to treat them the same.
Kissing, even just on the cheek, is a deal breaker. Worse if you talk about intimacy, especially on the first date. Russian women are traditional women, so do not be in a rush.
Refrain from talking about politics, sports, and religion. Show your interest in Russian culture and history. You can also exchange thoughts about their music, art, and literature. You should know Russian women are proud of their culture, so being knowledgeable about Russia is a great way to win her heart.
Appreciate her more often. When Russian women reach the age of 21 and are still single, they will feel bad. If they are still unmarried at the age of 27, they will feel miserable. If you date a Russian woman in her 20s, let her know that you do not mind no matter how old she is. Get to know her. Show her that there is more to her than just age.
A Russian woman's family is part of everything she does. Never question her closeness with them because this is the center of her world. If you plan on marrying a Moscow woman, do your best to win her family's approval. Show them that you admire Russian culture and traditions and make her feel that you want to be part of this.
Moscow women do not cajole. They will talk to you and get to know you if they find you interesting. And if they do not, they will save you the trouble and tell you right away. Despite this, a Moscow woman dreams of a great love story. When they're in a relationship, they aim for it to last for long. She wants a man who can raise a family with her. If you are looking for Russian women for marriage, there is a great chance you will find her in Moscow.
In summer, you can do more outdoors. Since Moscow has a lot of parks, you have a lot of options. You can rent a bike, which is very convenient in Moscow, and go cycling with your sweetheart. You can stop by Tsaritsyno, a scenic spot where you can find the only example of Russian Gothic in Europe—the residence of Catherine the Great.
Russian dating can also happen in unusual places, like the VDNKh, which was built to exhibit Soviet achievements. It is a one-stop location for getting in touch with Russia's history since a lot of museums have been built there. During winter, the middle area turns into a huge ice-skating rink (the biggest in Moscow). Lenin's mausoleum, where you can find Lenin's corpse, is also a truly unique yet budget-friendly date idea.
Gorky Park is the liveliest park in Moscow. It never runs out of activities. If you are visiting it from May to September, you should join the dance classes. It will be a fun way for you and your significant other to get to know each other and to learn salsa or lindy hop!
You can also relax and be one with nature in the forest of Sokolniki. You can bring your picnic basket, and just spend an afternoon with your Russian woman. Also, the park is just a walk away from the train station, so transportation will not be a problem.
If you enjoy people-watching while drinking some beer, you can both enjoy the night in Myasnitskaya. The picturesque place will make you feel like you are in a fairy tale. Keep the magical feeling going by visiting the Central Children's Store. Loosen up with Nutcrackers, Lego sculptures, and puppet performances.
Feeling rebellious? Be crazy in an anti-cafe, which is an excellent Russian concept. Consume different teas, coffees, and cookies, and enjoy playing the piano or board games together. What's great is that you only need to pay for the time you spent there!
What are you waiting for? Sign up now to start looking for your Moscow sweetheart and get lost in Moscow's magnificence!
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0.989627 |
It is widely known that a lack of sunlight can sometimes cause a deficiency in vitamin D. But how does a lack of this vitamin affect athletes who train indoors, especially during the winter months? To find out, researchers in the UK studied vitamin D-deficient ballet dancers and observed whether supplementation helped.
The study, published in the Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, was conducted through a collaboration between researchers at the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital (RNOH), the University of Wolverhampton and dancers at the Birmingham Royal Ballet.
These three institutions are founding partners of the National Institute of Dance Medicine and Science (NIDMS).
To conduct their study, the team split 24 elite classical ballet dancers into two groups. During the 4-month study, one group took oral supplementation of vitamin D3 to the tune of 2,000 IU per day, while a control group did not take any supplements.
Isometric muscular strength and vertical jump height were measured at the start and end of the study. Additionally, the in-house medical team recorded any injuries the dancers experienced.
The researchers found that the dancers who took vitamin D supplements showed greater improvements in muscle strength and vertical performance, while also experiencing fewer injuries, compared with the control group.
"Vitamin D is important for bone development and has a wide range of functions. In a deficient state, dancers are at increased risk of bone injuries, and this latest research indicates an increased risk of muscle injury, which can be detrimental to their health and their careers."
Following on from their findings, the researchers suggest that medical staff and instructors monitor vitamin D levels in dancers throughout the whole year and provide supplements for them during winter months.
This can help their serum levels return to normal, they say, ultimately leading to improvement in overall performance.
Ballet dancers from the Birmingham Royal Ballet participated in the study, which revealed vitamin D supplements improved their muscle strength and resulted in fewer injuries.
The National Health Service (NHS) in the UK notes that vitamin D has several important functions, including regulating calcium and phosphate in the body.
While a lack of it can lead to bone deformities, such as rickets, we can get it for free from the sun - vitamin D is made by our body under the skin as a reaction to sunlight.
However, individuals who live in areas of the world with low annual levels of solar irradiation have difficulty getting enough sunlight for their body to efficiently manufacture the vitamin.
The alternative - vitamin D supplementation - has been widely debated in the medical community.
While some researchers have shown that vitamin D could help treat asthma or even help prevent hypertension, others have warned that raising vitamin D levels in healthy people may be potentially harmful.
Still, the researchers from this latest study say supplementation may be the way to go for dancers.
"These findings could also be extrapolated to cover other sports and training activities that take place indoors," Dr. Wolman adds.
"Traditionally dancers spend between 6 and 8 hours training indoors for 6 days a week throughout the year, and they need to be able to execute highly technical movements during high intensity periods of training and when performing.
This study provides important advice on performance enhancement as well as offering vital insights into the overall health and well-being of dancers."
NIDMS, the first specialist dance clinic in partnership with the NHS, provides a novel approach to the health care of dancers. Injury treatment of dancers costs the dance sector an average of £900,000 ($1.4 million) each year.
Ellis, Marie. "Supplements 'beneficial' for vitamin D-deficient ballet dancers." Medical News Today. MediLexicon, Intl., 30 Nov. 2013. Web.
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0.999568 |
Which astronomy course to take?
Prof. Beacom joined the OSU Physics Department in 2004 and since 2011 has had a quarter-time appointment in Astronomy. He is a theorist and phenomenologist, working at the interface between physics and astronomy. He has made significant contributions to particle and nuclear astrophysics, with topics including the emission, propagation, and detection of neutrinos, gamma rays, and cosmic rays from astrophysical sources. In addition, he has constrained the physics of dark matter particle properties using observations as disparate as the X-ray emission of the Andromeda galaxy and the heat flow of the Earth. Prof. Beacom is also well known for his work on the history of star formation, the census of supernovae across cosmic time, and the associated diffuse supernova neutrino background. In 2007 he received the Arts & Sciences Outstanding Teaching Award from the ASC Student Council, and in 2009 received the OSU Alumni Award for Distinguished Teaching, the university's highest faculty teaching award. In 2017 he was named an Arts & Science Distinguished Professor of Physics & Astronomy. In 2018, he was named the Henry L. Cox Professor of Physics & Astronomy. Since 2011 he has been the Director of the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics (CCAPP).
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0.930096 |
How can I be successful with Container gardening?
I have tried and tried container gardening but cant seem to get anything to do more then just sprout. tomatoes, peppers, squash even flowers. I use garden soil do as directed on pkg but never reap the benefits of the harvest. I tried tomatoes last year had lots of plants but not one blossom. what did I do wrong?
Container gardening just like any other planting is experimental.What will for for others may not work for all.Do not give up. It may be for different reasons,size of the pot,water,fertilizer,light,insects.
We had great luck last year with potting soil that had fertalizer included in the mix. We had huge tomatoes, good peppers, squash, etc. This was located on our sunny patio.
I don't know if this is an old wives tale or not, but I use old coffee grounds and that works great. Or possibly had no effect at all, and I was just lucky.
A few things to remember when container gardening....Make sure the size of the container is adequate for the plant when it is fully grown to allow for root expansion, etc. Make sure there is drainage in the container so the roots are not sitting in water or mud all the time. drill small holes in the bottom of the container (cover them inside with coffee filters to prevent dirt draining out) or place rocks/gravel in the bottom of the container if you are unable to drill holes. Make sure the pots are placed where they will get plenty of sunlight, and consider using a fertilizer for vegetables as needed. Also keep in mind that things like eggshells and coffee grounds are great for plants, and can be sprinkled on the top of your soil occasionally to give your plants a boost. One tip....whenever I plant tomatoes in a container, I always plant 1-2 basil plants in the same container. My tomatoes are always sweeter, and the basil is a great companion to the tomatoes when you get ready to use them for recipes, etc. Good luck!
I've used coffee grounds as well to add helpful nutrients, and it makes you feel good about a coffee habit, so its a win win!
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The Old English poem “Beowulf” (the name is conditional, by the name of the protagonist) became widely known to the British since the 18th century, when it had begun to be explored by Danish philologists. In the poem, courage is the one most important characteristic of a warrior. We will consider in the following “Beowulf” essay why it is true in the context of the poem, as well as some of the methods which courage is underlined by. “Beowulf” is the main example of heroic poetry that was used in the Anglo-Saxon period of English literature nearly from the 5th to the 11th century.
In that time, a warrior should show extreme courage against different enemies for protection of his relatives. In the poem, three monsters terrorize the Danes and Geats, and the great courage of Beowulf is indicated in the text in which he defeats each of those monsters. To gain the respect at homeland and abroad, warriors tell about their value to the society by boasting their past heroic deeds. The following Beowulf essay explains how heroism and physical courage are presented in the poem.
Is the main theme of Beowulf heroism that involves only physical courage? Explain your answer.
“Beowulf” is an ancient epic poem in which the legendary hero fights against monsters and dragons for the benefit of people. Decisiveness and courage, which are inherent in the protagonist, leave no doubt. At first glance, the epic image of Beowulf as a legendary warrior can seem extremely heroic, aimed at directly helping people without moral and emotional characteristics. Nevertheless, the forces of Beowulf are also in the ability to make decisions, wisdom to the rule and love of people.
The poem is divided into two parts, which show the protagonist from different social and moral sides (“Beowulf”). The first part of the verse tells of the glorious hero Beowulf, who came to the lands of King Hrothgar with the goal to destroy the monster, кwhich attacks defenseless people for twelve years, continually killing some of them and spreading fear to the entire population. In the process of achieving the goal, Beowulf is shown as a brave and strong warrior who is capable of self-sacrifice for the good of the people or revenge for the dead comrades. The fate of Beowulf defines the warrior as a human shield of the population, which is called for ethical challenges. The victory over evil in the guise of two monsters elevates Beowulf to the legendary hero who saved the people and established peace and peace on the king’s lands. The second part of the poem shows the warrior in old age, being the king of the areas on which the terrible monster also breeds fear, as it did many years ago in the time of Beowulf’s first exploits. The ideal image of Beowulf does not change for many years, which shows the spirit of the hero as brave and noble.
Mysteriousness and sincerity, which consists in helping comrades in the fight against evil, proves the genuine heroism of the warrior. Time does not dominate the hero, which means that heroic deeds can still be committed. In the last battle, Beowulf perishes, leaving a bright memory and grief for many people.
The poem is full of contrasts. First of all, it is noticeable in the analysis of the main characters. As mentioned earlier, Beowulf is an exceptionally confident and brave hero who acts for the benefit of people by sacrificing own life. On the other hand, the first enemy of the people is shown as the Grendel monster. As befits an antagonist, the dragon performs adverse actions about the main characters. A vital example of the contrast of the poem is the fact that behind the cruelty and bloodthirsty Grendel does not hide any goals because all actions were done to satisfy inherent cruelty. Thus, the image of Beowulf, who is called to do good and protect defenseless people from evil monsters, contrasts with the image of Grendel, who creates exclusively evil and kills people for the own pleasure. It should be noted that throughout the entire poem, contrast is one of the primary stylistic devices. For example, the opposition of good and evil in the images of Beowulf and Grendel is one of the examples of many literary works of the Middle Ages. Also contrasting are Beowulf images during the first and last battles with monsters. At the beginning of the military route a man is shown as a reliable and invincible warrior, and in the previous fight, this man is a wise king who is no longer able to overcome evil and stay alive. Any contrast of this poem indicates that Beowulf’s heroism lies not only in physical courage but in the desire to help and protect the people from threats, wisdom as a ruler and a fair human.
The physical strength of Beowulf is indisputable since the warrior possessed the power of thirty other men (“Beowulf”). Having defeated the monster, the glory of the glorious savior scattered throughout all districts, making Beowulf a real hero. Nevertheless, it does not mean that the physical abilities were the main and key factor in the heroism of man. First of all, Beowulf was a fair and right man who sincerely and conscientiously served for the good of people (Michelet, Fabienne L.). It can be argued that the image of Beowulf is hyperbolized and idealized since the hero was betrayed to the fate of the Savior until the end of man’s days. The fulfillment of the tasks and goals that face a man require a clear and pure mind, which are inherent in the hero. Therefore, along with physical strength, Beowulf demonstrates the moral and spiritual stamina and wisdom of making important decisions, following destiny. The power of Beowulf is also hyperbolized since no other person can achieve it (“Beowulf”). The opponents of the protagonist also possess the same hyperbolized qualities, since the victory over them is subject only to Beowulf and no one else. It is also worth noting that the heroism of the main character is exclusively spiritual and moral. It means that all the acts that made Beowulf the chief warrior and defender of the tribe were made solely of good intentions and nobility, and not as an act of personal satisfaction.
Hyperbolization of the poem is also displayed in other characters. For example, the tribes of King Hrothgar and Beowulf refer to good characters, to an ideal society, and Grendel and the mother are exceptionally harmful. It indicates that none of the characters is neutral and vague but refers either to the world of good or evil (“Beowulf | Summary, Characters, & Analysis”). This conflict of the two poles reflects the eternal struggle between good and evil and the fact that each of the people represents to some extent one of them. Consequently, Beowulf is part of the positive world of the poem, which repeatedly proves heroic deeds. The nobility and courage of the protagonist are opposed by the cruelty and immorality of mythical creatures, which allows concluding that the poem shows the world of evil and good as absolute opposites. Accordingly, Beowulf is called to personify right, proving it with noble moral and spiritual qualities.
Epic poem “Beowulf” has some features among the classic heroic works of the Middle Ages. First of all, the eponymous protagonist fights not with people, but with mythical dragons for the benefit of the tribe. At first glance, it may seem that Beowulf achieved success solely due to incredible physical abilities. Nevertheless, the hero also had strong morale and the readiness of a wise ruler in the future. The spiritual relationship of Beowulf with the tribe, combined with the inner power of the man, helped to follow the life’s purpose, namely, to protect people from monster attacks.
“Beowulf | Summary, Characters, & Analysis.” Encyclopedia Britannica, 2017, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Beowulf.
Michelet, Fabienne L. “Hospitality, Hostility, And Peacemaking In Beowulf.” Philological Quarterly, Vol. 94, no. No. 1-2, 2015.
If you need to write an essay about Beowulf, Draw Your Attention to the Following Beowulf Topics.If you don’t understand your topic and don’t want to write your essay, leave it to WriteMyEssayOnline. Don’t doubt, as we can solve any of your writing problems and you will get an essay written for you.
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Do you understand the four performance characteristics of high speed microcentrifuge?
High Speed Microcentrifuge utilizes the powerful centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the centrifuge rotor to accelerate the sedimentation velocity of the particles in the liquid, and separate the different sedimentation coefficients and buoyant density substances in the sample. High speed microcentrifuges have an easy-to-use digital control interface and high speed performance for rapid separation of nucleic acids and proteins. Two control buttons are used to precisely set the rotor speed and operating time, and the parameters are displayed on an easy-to-read LED display. Press the Speed/G Force knob to toggle the display between rpm and calculated gravity.
1. Drive: It adopts brushless DC motor drive, maintenance-free, large torque, fast lifting speed, and the special combination damping device uses the motor to run smoothly.
2, display: intelligent control, touch panel, intuitive digital display, operating parameters can be automatically remembered, can be set directly by RCF.
3, the fuselage: the fuselage uses high-quality steel structure, stainless steel centrifugal cavity, durable, easy to clean.
4, security: with door cover self-locking, overspeed, over temperature, unbalance and other multiple protection functions, equipped with electronic door locks to ensure safe and reliable operation.
The high speed microcentrifuge is especially suitable for micro-filtration at high speed. The general speed is 16000r/min, and the capacity is relatively small. It adopts miniature brushless DC motor, which has fast lifting speed, no dust and maintenance-free. Electronic door locks are safe and reliable. Microcomputer control, the shape adopts the optimized steel structure, exquisite and beautiful, digital display, switching display RCF centrifugal force, programming operation, convenient use.
The speed of the high speed microcentrifuge is 13,900 rpm. It can run up to 12 1.5ml or 2.0ml tubes. The stable DC brushless motor guarantees powerful torque and long service life. The flexible shaft drive system directly drives the rotor, which runs smoothly, with low noise and low vibration. The instrument is widely used in animal and plant molecular biology, cell biology, clinical applications, blood, protein precipitation, biology, viruses and chemical separation.
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Cardinal Raymond Burke gave an extended interview with Christopher Altieri for "Thinking With the Church" about matters of controversy among Catholics. Burke's interview was recorded as a podcast and the transcript was published in the Catholic World Reporter. The Patron of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta expressed anguish that some consider his request to the Holy See for clarifications (dubia) about the apostolic exhortation Amoris Laetitia (2016) are motivated to create a schism in the Catholic church.
Cardinal Burke is concerned that the interpretation and application of Amoris Laetitia contradict long standing traditional teachings on the Sacrament of Marriage. While Cardinal Burke scrupulously avoided ideological labels in his Altieri interview, he noted the Bishop of Malta's innovation regarding irregular second marriages, which clearly are progressive in nature.
One of the characteristics of Pope Francis' reign is the injection of secular progressive politics into papal pronouncements. In Laudato Si' (2015), Pope Francis implored world leaders to approve the Paris Climate Change Accords. Pope Francis' visit to the Mexican-US border was a pointed ploy to champion open borders, counter to the platform of then candidate now President Donald Trump. Even Pope Francis' annual announcement for World Communication Day railed against "fake news".
“A journalism created by people for people, one that is at the service of all, especially those – and they are the majority in our world – who have no voice,” A journalism less concentrated on breaking news than on exploring the underlying causes of conflict, in order to promote deeper understanding and contribute to their resolution by setting in place virtuous process. A journalism committed to pointing out alternatives to the escalation of shouting matches and verbal violence."
A true faith ought to be challenged and should not be confined to the sanctuary of the Church. There is the danger , however, that the Catholic faithful are being shepherded to take sides on secular political issues which are outside of the aura of competency of the Petrine office) and sometimes seem counter to traditional church teachings). Those who object to this progressive polarization and stand fast to the Magisterium have increasingly been scorned, ostracized or dismissed as getting with today's program, even if the innovation is not magisterial.
For example, Chicago's Archbishop Blase Cardinal Cupich interpreted Amoris Laetitia as being a development of doctrine which the Petrine office has loosened requirements when pastorally addressing irregular marriages. But the apostolic exhortation did no such thing.
Paragraph 3 of Amoris Laetitia indicates that the document was not doctrinal and was intended to start the conversation. The controversy over Amoris Laetitia involves footnote 351 regarding Paragraph 305 which suggests that there might be some pastoral means of curing irregular second marriages. But Pope Francis has refused to answer dubia's regarding the implementation. And progressive powers in the Church are attempting to steamroll their will, in a jesuitical manner, speaking with great force but not having the facts on their side.
As we grapple with the politicization of Church life, we ought to heed 16th Century Lutheran theologian Peter Meiderlin's wisdom that we ought to have "[U]nity on necessary things, liberty on dubious things and charity in all things."
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I really love how statement tees can be paired with everything from skinny jeans to sparkly, sequin skirts! Wearing a graphic tee with jeans is still the most popular pairing, but new fashion looks are emerging with bolder statements - including skirts, formal wear, fur jackets, leopard print shoes, high heels and leather!
Whichever look you prefer, make it yours and rock it!
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2. Some people have difficulty in making __________ understood.
4. __________ I know you very well, I'll tell you a secret.
5. You look __________ a ghost.
6. I don't think I'll come with you tomorrow.
OK, but let me know if you __________ .
7. __________ to see the new offices yet?
8. The English __________ when meeting for the first time.
9. The bus has gone. Can you __________ home?
10. My car's __________ . I must take it to the garage.
11. The sky is black. It looks __________ rain.
12. They closed the door to stop the dog __________ escaping.
13. I'd like to thank you __________ what you have done.
14. I've forgotten __________ everything I was told.
15. I'm longing __________ the end of winter.
16. Which verb has the same pattern as 'swim', 'ring' and 'drink'?
17. Three of the verbs stay the same in the past, like put-put. Which one changes?
18. Three of the verbs stay the same in the past, like put-put. Which one changes?
19. __________ already left by the time I arrived.
20. Will you __________ take a holiday this year?
You __________ go in there.
22. They made __________ them everything.
23. Why __________ come with you?
24. Ask him how __________ .
25. I last saw John __________ .
Choose the question or response which fits the situation.
EXAMPLE 1: How are you?
The answer is: 'Very well, thank you.'.
What's the time? It's twenty to twelve.
26. I'm going to steal a car.
28. When's it going to stop raining?
29. It's going to rain.
__________ take my coat, then.
30. What are you doing?
You don't enter at all.
Look after your own affairs.
Read the text and answer the questions. Only one answer is correct.
John goes to the cinema twice a week, and to the theatre once a week. He stays in on the other nights, except for Sundays, when he goes to his mother's for dinner.
How many times a week does John go out?
The correct answer is: 'four times'.
My cousin Bianca is a motor mechanic. She works in a busy garage in the middle of the town, about five minutes' walk from home. She likes everything about the job, except for the fact that she can never seem to get completely clean at the end of the day. All the other mechanics, except for the supervisor, are men. She gets on with everyone very well, although she occasionally has trouble with the customers who think that, being a woman, she cannot be a good mechanic. As it happens, she is considered by most of her workmates to be the best mechanic in the garage. Her husband Gianni is the accountant and works at the Company head office, which is just outside the town.
32. Which of the following statements about Bianca is true?
isn't as good as they are.
is a very good mechanic.
34. Which of these statements about Gianni is true?
He works in the town centre.
He lives close to his work.
He doesn't work in the garage.
He is popular with the customers.
35. Which of these think that Bianca cannot be a good mechanic?
Some of her male colleagues.
The correct answer is: 'choose'.
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Wasn't there a movie that warned specifically against this very concept?
In an attempt to reverse evolution, the team has already made significant strides in mutating chickens back to the very creatures from which they descended. If that wasn’t enough genetic splicing and dicing, Harvard scientists attempted a similar feat recently by inserting the genes of a woolly mammoth into elephants in order to recreate the extinct beasts.
I'm on Ian Malcolm's side of this equation: Nature selected dinosaurs for extinction for a reason. The capability to genetically engineer a dinosaur from a chicken is not a rationale for it being a good idea to do so.
The movie didn't end well for almost everyone involved. Why do these scientists think that things will be different in real life?
I'm encouraged by the notion of innovation in genetic manipulation, as it portends to addressing issues like curing cancer and chronic illnesses in humans. But that said, I can't see how bringing back creatures that didn't survive 65 million years ago is something we should even consider.
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How does a gas exert pressure on the walls of its container?
Air molecules are in constant random motion. They collide the walls of the container and exert a force on it. Since pressure is force per unit area, pressure is created on the walls.
At a higher temperature, the gas molecules have higher kinetic energy and move faster.
The gas molecules will then collide the walls of the container more frequently and forcefully.
This causes an increase in gas pressure inside the container since pressure is force per unit area.
The gas molecules will then collide the walls of the container more frequently and forcefully, causing the pressure in the system to rise initially.
To maintain a constant pressure, the air expands and the air molecules move further apart, hence causing the volume to increase.
When the volume of the gas is decreased, the number of gas molecules per unit volume increases.
In general, pressure, volume and temperature of a fixed mass of gas can be related by this equation.
Note that this equation is not in O-level syllabus, but you can use it to analyze the relationships between pressure, volume and temperature.
To help you understand these concepts better, you can play with the applet below.
Reset the simulation and pump some air molecules into the container.
When the value on the pressure gauge is constant, select "temperature" under constant parameter to keep temperature constant in this simulation.
Decreases the volume of container by move the door to the right.
You should be able to see that the value from the pressure gauge increases. This means pressure in the container increases. Thus, we can conclude that when volume decreases, pressure increases.
Pump some air molecules into the container. Caution: Do not pump too many air molecules into the container.
You can see that once the air molecules are inside the container, there is a pressure which indicated by the value from the pressure gauge.
Continue from above steps in (a).
When the value on the pressure gauge is constant, select "volume" under constant parameter to keep volume constant in this simulation.
Supply heat to the container by move the slider on heat control to "add" such that temperature in the container is increased.
While increasing the temperature, you should also see that the value from the pressure gauge also increases. This means pressure in the container increases. Thus, we can conclude that when temperature increases, pressure also increases.
When the value on the pressure gauge is constant, select "pressure" under constant parameter to keep pressure constant in this simulation.
While increasing the temperature, you should see that the volume of the container also increases. Thus, we can conclude that when temperature increases, pressure also increases.
The Figure shows a stationary frictionless gas-tight piston P in a cylinder C which contains gas. The pressure of the gas inside is 1.0 x 10^(5) Pa.
(a) Use the kinetic molecular model of matter to explain why the pressure on P is equal to that on the end E of the cylinder.
(b) While keeping the temperature constant, the piston is now moved to the left such that volume of the gas is reduced by one-tenth. Calculate the final pressure of the gas.
(c) What happen when the gas is heated.
(a) The gas molecules hit the piston as well as all the walls of the container equally. Equal number of molecules will hit the surface of the piston as well as end of the container, E. The frequency of collision is the same thus, pressure is the same.
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Are you interested in an internship in mechanical engineering? At the nexus of design, technology, and industry sits mechanical engineering, a field as diverse as it is crucial to society. Mechanical engineering internships train students and recent graduates to create machines, products, and technological systems. Interns in mechanical engineering can work in private corporations and small businesses, public infrastructure, government agencies and militaries, or universities. We are a society that runs at a breakneck speed, and many internships in mechanical engineering focus on the generation and delivery of energy, natural gas, and oil to support that pace. Work with your city’s power authority, for example, to develop specifications and drawings for new equipment systems including cooling water, air compressors, and rigging equipment. The megawatts don’t stop there: mechanical engineering interns may help provide nuclear power, construct fossil fuel facilities, build hydroelectric dams, and develop alternative fuel and renewable energy systems. Mechanical engineering internships also concentrate on the products and appliances that drive everyday life, be it lasers printers or airplanes. Working in conjunction with other engineers and specialists, students break ground on emerging fields like medical bio-technology. Imagine, for example, creating an artificial limb that is lightweight, durable, and compatible with the human body. In this scenario, interns in mechanical engineering are the experts in designing motion in a team of doctors and biologists.
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Who is best player of Komanda.lv 1.league in finals?
8- € 99.95 1 gab.
10 € 99.95 1 gab.
11 € 99.95 1 gab.
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I work at an advertising company. My boss never listens to me even when I have great ideas. But someone else will say the same thing I said, and suddenly she’ll listen to that person even though she completely ignored me or dismissed my idea that was exactly the same. What do you recommend?
Perhaps she is reflecting to you where you are still working on owning and expressing your authority, your power, and your voice. Cultivate these aspects of yourself and notice how the way she treats you starts to change over time. Also notice if you say things and hope or wait to be acknowledged or heard or appreciated, or if you say things knowing that you are heard and appreciated. It will make a difference as well if you communicate with power from inside of you.
You might also want to take note of the things that work in your company’s culture that she and other management responds to. Do the people that are heard in your company dress a certain way? Carry themselves a certain way? Or communicate in a certain style? Does she seem to treat the women differently? Notice what you notice and play and experiment with how people respond to you and then pick a way that aligns with your authentic self and make it all your own.
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Peter Goelz, Senior Vice President at O’Neill and Associates was featured in the following article on CNN.com.
(CNN) No matter what caused Amtrak Northeast Regional Train 188 to derail as it rounded a bend in Philadelphia, it looks like technology could have prevented the crash, a top transportation official said.
A system known as positive train control likely would have stopped the train — which had been hurtling around the curve at more than 100 mph — from derailing, National Transportation Safety Board member Robert Sumwalt told reporters Wednesday.
How does positive train control work?
If a train isn’t being operated in accordance with signals, speed limits or other rules, the system will slow or stop it.
Former NTSB member John Goglia said the devices he worked with in the 1990s were relatively small black boxes, 6 inches wide, about 8 inches tall and about 15 inches long.
“I’m sure today they’re even smaller,” he said.
The boxes are often installed in the cab near the front of the engine. “But it can be anywhere,” he said.
Installation can take relatively little time, perhaps a few days.
As an NTSB board member, Goglia worked for years with the Federal Railroad Administration to develop the technology.
Is there an example where it is known to have averted accident?
Since positive train control is not widely used, it’s hard to say. But the NTSB has said that positive train control technology could have prevented numerous railroad accidents that involved human error.
The agency has given the example of the December 1, 2013, Metro-North commuter train derailment in the Bronx, New York, in which four people were killed and dozens injured. The engineer had fallen asleep and failed to slow the train from more than 82 mph to the maximum authorized speed of 30 mph as it entered a curve, the NTSB said.
The NTSB has said that since 2004 it has completed investigations of at least 25 train accidents that took 65 lives, injured more than 1,100 people and caused millions of dollars in damages — all of which could have been prevented or mitigated by positive train control.
In a 2013 NTSB hearing, Mark Hartong of the Federal Railroad Administration said it would cost $875 million for initial acquisition and installation on commuter railroads and Amtrak. Additional installation and operating costs are estimated to be from $9.5 billion to $13.2 billion over a 20-year period.
The Southern California Regional Rail Authority (Metrolink) — which operates seven routes with 169 weekday commuter trains on more than 430 route miles, and carries more than 43,000 riders a day — has started implementing positive train control on three of its seven lines at a cost of $216 million.
How many rail systems have it?
CSX Transportation on 138.6 miles of track from Spartanburg, South Carolina, to Augusta, Georgia; CSX Transportation on 110 miles of track from Spartanburg, South Carolina, to Erwin, Tennessee; the Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway (BNSF) on 130 miles from Beardstown to Centralia, Illinois; BNSF on 115 miles of track from Fort Worth, Texas, to Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Amtrak on 66 miles from Niles to Kalamazoo, Michigan; the Transportation Technology Center Inc. test track in Pueblo, Colorado; Alaska Railroad on 350 miles of track from Anchorage to Fairbanks; Amtrak on 198 miles from Boston, Massachusetts, to New Haven, Connecticut; Amtrak on 75 miles of track from New Haven, Connecticut, to New York City; Norfolk Southern on 110 miles from Columbia to Charleston, South Carolina; Union Pacific Railroad (UPRR) on 193 miles from North Platte to Morrill South, Nebraska; UPRR on 140 miles from Spokane, Washington, to Eastport, Idaho; New Jersey Transit on 21 miles of track from Spring Valley, New York, to Woodridge, New Jersey; New Jersey Transit on 60 miles of track from Port Jervis, New York, to Secaucus, New Jersey.
Metrolink expects to have PTC technology throughout the 216-mile publicly owned portion of its 512-mile rail network before the end of 2015.
Positive train control was designed to prevent the human errors behind roughly 40% of train accidents, rail safety experts say.
Imagine what would happen, the NTSB said in a fact sheet this year, if an engineer suffering from a cold didn’t notice a red signal and failed to stop the train.
Why wasn’t it installed on this stretch of track?
A system that can stop accidents sounds like a no-brainer. But there’s a catch: It’s expensive.
That’s one reason the railroad industry has opposed it in the past. And that’s likely one reason why even though it has been installed in most of the Northeast Corridor for Amtrak, it hadn’t yet been installed on the part of the track where the train derailed Tuesday night, Goelz said.
Goelz also offered another possible reason the system wasn’t in place.
“It could be because this is an intersection of a number of different rail lines, at this intersection they did not have it in place even though it was a relatively sharp turn,” he said.
Are there plans to use positive train control more in the U.S.?
Amtrak CEO Joe Boardman said he is “committed to meeting the requirement of positive train control” technology that a NTSB official said could have prevented the deadly crash in Philadelphia. “That will happen on the Northeast Corridor by the end of this year,” Boardman said.
In response to a head-on collision that killed 25 people in 2008 near Los Angeles, Congress ordered the nation’s railroads to adopt positive train control by December 2015.
But it’s looking increasingly unlikely that the deadline will be met. And some lawmakers have proposed extending it to as late as 2020.
Amtrak said in a newsletter this year that it had plans to implement positive train control on 1,200 more miles of track, including the remainder of its Northeast Corridor.
At this point, most freight railroads said they won’t be able to make the December 2015 deadline, Sumwalt told CNN. But it’s something the safety board is still pushing for, especially in light of this week’s derailment.
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The Brooklyn Nets are an American professional basketball team based in the borough of Brooklyn, in New York City. The Nets compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference. The team plays its home games at Barclays Center. They are one of two NBA teams located in New York City; the other is the New York Knicks. The team was established in 1967 as a charter franchise of the NBA’s rival league, the American Basketball Association (ABA). They played in New Jersey as the New Jersey Americans during their first season, before moving to Long Island in 1968 and changing their name to the New York Nets. During this time, the Nets won two ABA championships (in 1974 and 1976). In 1976, the ABA merged with the NBA, and the Nets were absorbed into the NBA along with three other ABA teams (the San Antonio Spurs, Indiana Pacers and Denver Nuggets, all of whom remain in the league today).
The Nets barely squeezed into the playoffs in Hollins’ first season, nosing out the Pacers for the last playoff spot on the last day of the season. However, they pushed the top-seeded Hawks to six games in the first round.
The bottom quickly fell out for the Nets a year later. They did not get their first win until the eighth game of the season. By the start of 2016, they were 9–23. After waiving Joe Johnson and Deron Williams, on January 10, 2016, the Nets announced that they had parted ways with head coach Lionel Hollins and general manager Billy King. Tony Brown became interim head coach, while former Spurs assistant general manager Sean Marks became general manager. Marks made clear that his vision included a rebuilding process that would take years to execute, something that Prokhorov acknowledged. In an open letter he wrote on Yahoo! Sports in February 2016, Prokhorov apologized for his previous free-spending approach, saying that he now realized it was not the best way to build a champion.
In April 2016, the Nets hired former Knicks and Hawks assistant Kenny Atkinson as the new head coach. During Nets free agency in the summer of 2016, the team started and have nearly completed their rebuilding process by acquiring through sign or trade deals the following; Randy Foye, Anthony Bennett, Trevor Booker, Luis Scola, and Jeremy Lin. However, the Nets fell below even the lowest of expectations when they secured a league-worst 8–33 record at the midway point of the season, and an 11-game losing streak with a 119–109 loss to the Raptors. The streak was the longest since their 0–18 start in the 2009–2010 season. This was partly because starting point guard Jeremy Lin had missed 29 of the 41 games played up until that point with a hamstring injury. On January 9, 2017, the Nets waived Anthony Bennett and was replaced by Quincy Acy who was given a 10-day contract. They ultimately finished 20–62, the worst record in the league. Additionally, as part of the deal that brought them Pierce and Garnett four years earlier, they had to swap their 2017 first-round pick with the Celtics.
On June 20, 2017, the Nets traded Lopez and a 2017 first-round pick to the Lakers in exchange for D’Angelo Russell and Timofey Mozgov. A year later, on June 20, 2018, the Nets traded Timofey Mozgov, the 45th pick in the 2018 NBA Draft and a 2019 second round pick for Dwight Howard, who was later waived.
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0.997436 |
How do we create websites?
We create websites using Open Source tools. With Open Source tools, our cost is much less than if we used proprietary software. Our turnaround time is also reduced, allowing us to give a swift, top-notch solution at a lower cost.
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Explain how theories of development and framework to support development influence current practices Essay There have been many theories on how children develop and learn, some of the theorists who influence the educators of today on how to best teach children. As a complement to the efforts of developing countries. Some of the major theories of child development are known as grand theories; they attempt to describe every aspect of development, often using a stage approach. He divided the consequences into three areas. Their background, health and the environment in which they are growing up will all have an impact, as each will affect all areas of development.
Note: Good scientists don't 'use' evidence to 'support' theories. As needs fulfilled an individual then advances to the next… Words 550 - Pages 3 1. It is also observed that person-centred care often resemble quality of care and make sure that the clients are the centre of care. The children eventually learn to follow the expected behaviour without thinking. His approach looked to environmental factors.
You need to know which one is which. It's a hypothesis, all grown up. Skinner: Operant Conditioning Theory B. The following are just a few of the many child development theories that have been proposed by theorists and researchers. Mary Ainsworth 1913 — 1999 Main theory — securely attached children are able to explore when they have the knowledge of a secure base to return to in time of need.
After repeatedly pairing the white rat with the loud noise, Albert began to cry simply after seeing the rat. Take out their books ready for lesson. She sees schemas as a means to arrive at categories and classifications. Also explain how you holistically use these theories to work together e. Watson 1878-1958 Albert Bandura 1925- Abraham Maslow 1908-1970 Jean Piaget 1896-1980 2.
Reinforcement is the key to Skinners theory. In the Psychosocial theory, the eight stages will be discussed. This demonstrates the need and importance of a wide and varied range of experiences. See; The bobo doll experiment Social Learning The behaviourist approach to learning suggests that learning is influenced by punishments, rewards and environmental factors. Wearing appropriate clothes you can ask parent to bring in extra clothes and that the clothes there are wearing is suitable for the weather.
It is known as the control part of our personality, as it tries to control the ego. Piaget used the term Schema to define this. Behaviourist approach to development suggests that children learn through conditioning; new behaviours are learnt from past experiences and that all learning is influenced by rewards and punishments. He discovered that there was no measurable difference in the age at which either girl acquired the skills. He also suggested that as children develop so does their thinking.
Piaget ranked second in professional journal citations and fourth in citations for introductory psychology textbooks, according to a 2011 study published in the official journal of the Association for Psychological Science. There are numerous psychological theories that are used to explain and predict a wide variety of behaviors. Piaget started his theory by observing and studying his own children and concluded that children learn and build their ideas on what they see and experience, not by what they are taught. Its holistic approach looks at the children as a whole, through family, health, education, spiritual life, the children can then grow up to be well rounded individuals, who can be responsible for themselves and their actions, to able to form positive relationships and can be included into society. Evidence of this can often be found in my setting. The school provides pastoral care, to support them through any severe emotional and sexual problems. Many believe that the church in certain areas allowed private business ownership and re-investment of capital as a way to fund church efforts.
His development throughout his journey in life is contributed and influenced by the people he comes in contact with. Piagetian Philosophy Piaget pioneered the clinical method of studying child development and developed tests to measure child cognition resulting in a theory of child cognition based on schemas, processes and four stages of development: Sensorimotor, ages birth to 2 years; Pre-operational Thought, ages 2 to 6 or 7 years; Concrete Operations, ages 6 or 7 to 11 or 12 years; and Formal Operations, ages11 or 12 years to adult. Children raised by authoritative parents are likely tobe happy, kind children who can solve problems on their own and whoare self-motivated and confident, and they are usually excellentstudents. In school we use this theory as we try to pass on our experiences and knowledge so that the children can extend their experiences and therefore their knowledge. This generalized theory and approach can be very helpful in the nursing profession. By having a broad base of understanding about the how 's and why 's of human behavior, we can better understand ourselves and others.
He also suggested that as children develop so does their thinking. Importantly we must behave in a polite and positive manner at all times. He believed that fulfilling the basic needs physical of food, warmth clothing, and shelter you would then feel emotionally ready for the next stage and so on through the stages of development: physical, emotional, social and intellectual. The conscience punishes the ego if it misbehaves, which is our source of guilt, whereas the ego-ideal will reward the ego when it behaves well, which is our source of confidence and pride. Based on this theory early years schools have a child centred teaching approach. Today behavioural techniques are used in therapeutic settings to help children learn new skills and behaviours. There is no easy way of promoting economic development.
In summary if we reward good behaviour we expect that behaviour to continue and if we punish negative behaviour we hope that behaviour will cease. Since they have been conditioned into not liking the new place and may refuse to go inside. He also suggested that as children develop so does their thinking. This encourages us to work together, help and check the development of babies, children and young people, to keep them healthy and safe. Theories of development offer insights into the forces guiding childhood growth and what can affect them. We need to feel safe 2nd level before we can develop friendships which will give us a sense of belonging 3rd level.
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San Francisco, Calif.-It was over 25 years ago.
And it was arguably the most significant new car model launch — well, maybe ever.
Could Toyota really build a car that could compete with the best the Germans, Brits and Americans could offer?
The original Lexus LS 400 may have been a dead-nuts copy of the previous-generation Mercedes E-Class, and Toyota’s long-term pricing strategy allowed it to undercut the competition by tens of thousands of dollars.
But the cat was definitely amongst the pigeons.
It soon became clear that, at least from a quality and refinement standpoint, RoW (Rest of World) had some serious Japanese competition.
The fifth-generation LS, now dubbed LS 500 in today’s “model names mean nothing anymore” world, plans to re-energize this offensive. It goes on sale in the first quarter of 2018.
Pricing has not been announced. The current LS has a base list of $94,600, less a $10,000 rebate, but that’s not much of a guideline because that’s for the short-wheelbase version, a model Canada will not get in the new generation. The long wheelbase LS currently lists at $130,740, less the ten grand rebate, which seems like a huge hit for an extra 120 centimetres of wheelbase.
Given that the current Mercedes-Benz S-Class, still the benchmark in the luxury sedan class, starts at $106,400, I expect the new Lexus will start somewhere in the low-$100k range.
The new LS faces a somewhat tougher task than its progenitor. The other luxury carmakers have upped their games qualitywise, and Lexus can no longer afford semi-predatory pricing.
So, Lexus has decided to take the game to them, with an all-new car with original styling, some interior features the Germans cannot match, and better handling than any previous luxo-Lexus.
This thanks to an almost-all-new platform, a stretched version of that used in the SC 500 coupe.
Longer, lower and wider are the keywords; add ‘lighter’ to that, as extensive use of high-strength steels and aluminum have carved some 90 kilograms out of the structure.
Two engines will be offered in our market, not surprisingly given it’s a Toyota/Lexus, a 3.5-litre V6 hybrid, revised from what the former LS had, and significantly surprising, an all-new twin-turbo 3.5-litre V6.
Surprising? Yes; no V8 engine in the new LS, which would seem to put it at a competitive disadvantage with the competition.
And, the two V6s share approximately zero parts.
Lexus feels that with 415 horsepower, the twin-turbo V6 will deliver performance that will more than satisfy, with better fuel consumption than a V8 could muster.
The hybrid, despite having less power — a total of 354 horses from the gas engine and two electric motors — is expected to be the ‘premium’ engine. Funny how Lexus believes fuel consumption trumps performance, even in six-figure cars.
Both engines will return 0-100 km/h times in the mid- five-second range, although it must be noted that the Mercedes-Benz twin-turbo V8 pulls off that trick about one second quicker.
A 10-speed automatic is the only available transmission in the twin turbo, while the hybrid gets Lexus’s complex multi-unit transmission which gives the effect of 10 forward ratios.
Full-time, four-wheel drive will be standard fitment in Canada, which also means four-wheel steering will not be available as it is incompatible with four-wheel drive.
But to further extend the metaphor, the game has moved on, and so has the LS. Sport mode firms up the suspension (both my test cars had the available air suspension), quickens the throttle response, and tightens the steering.
You can also select settings individually for the three parameters. Depending on the condition of the road, I vacillated between Sport and Comfort for the dampers, but preferred the steering to stay in Sport, for crisper response. At all times, the car was almost uncannily quiet. But the ride quality is let down by the run-flat tries.
Of the two engines, I preferred the twin-turbo over the hybrid. Power delivery was more linear, with turbo boost coming in at low revs and staying with you as you approach the red line.
Lexus has long been known for sumptuous interiors, and the new LS is no exception. What’s more, it reflects Japanese artistry rather than trying to be fake-German.
‘Takumi,’ a Japanese word that literally means ‘artisan,’ describes the impact they were looking for inside the car, resulting in such delights as scroll work on the door trim panels and dashboard.
The front seats are multi-adjustable, and I found them comfortable and supportive, although they are huge, which takes away some of the rear seat space.
You can even order adjustable rear seats which almost fold down into a bed. Perfect for those long commutes when your chauffeur is driving.
What? You don’t have a chauffeur?
There is so much technology in this car that I have barely scratched the surface.
Suffice it to say that if you are in the market for a luxury sedan, even if your tastes have generally run to German, British or even American cars, the new Lexus LS 500 and LS 500h deserve a very close look.
Lexus LS 500 / LS 500h: 4-door, 5-seat luxury sedan, full-time four-wheel drive.
ENGINE: 3.5-litre V6, double overhead camshafts, four valves per cylinder, variable valve timing, twin turbochargers / 3.5-litre V6, double overhead camshafts, four valves per cylinder, variable valve timing, two electric motors.
POWER/TORQUE, horsepower / lb-ft: LS 500 — 415 /442; LS 500h (total system output) — 354 / n/a.
TRANSMISSION: 10-speed automatic with paddle shifters / multiple planetary gearsets to create the equivalent of 10 ratios.
TRANSPORT CANADA FUEL CONSUMPTION, City / Highway (L/100 km): n/a. Premium fuel.
COMPETITION: Audi A8; BMW 7 Series; Mercedes-Benz S-Class.
WHAT’S HOT: Gorgeous interior; comfortable seats; extremely quiet; better handling than previous generations.
WHAT’S NOT: Performance not quite up to class standards; rear seat room slightly compromised; run-flat tires still not ready for prime time.
WHAT’S INTERESTING: The least powerful model is the most expensive — is this how people in this snack bracket really play?
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What's the Best Low-Cost Airline?
For many travelers, cheap airfare is a vital part of an affordable summer trip. Smaller airlines known in the industry as low-cost carriers, or LCCs, traditionally try to undercut legacy carriers such as Delta Air Lines with low operating costs, limited routes, and no-frills service. With most airlines adding fees in recent years, some budget carriers now offer more free amenities than legacy carriers and similar ticket prices. Others stick to a business model that sets a cheap base fare and makes up the difference by charging fees for nearly everything else. This can make it difficult to judge the total cost of a trip, not to mention value for the money. To help consumers make the right choice, Cheapism.com compared fees, seating, baggage handling, customer service, number of flights, and amenities to determine the best U.S.-based budget airlines.
Spirit Airlines flies more than 400 daily flights to nearly 60 destinations and unashamedly markets itself as a bare-bones budget airline. It offers low base fares then charges fees for everything else. The pick-and-choose model could be a money-saver for some savvy travelers, but others get caught off-guard by fees simply to pick a seat (sitting with a friend or loved one can be guaranteed only at a price), bring a carry-on (only personal items no larger than a backpack are included in the fare), print a boarding pass, or even enjoy a drink of water during a flight. The prices for some of these add-ons are cheapest at the time of booking and most expensive at the airport gate, so frugal consumers should try to decide how many bags they'll need, for example, well in advance. The austere flight experience and avalanche of associated fees lead many travelers to give the airline bad reviews; it's one of the most pilloried in the industry.
While Allegiant Air flies to more than 100 destinations, it has only 85 planes, as many routes are seasonal and not serviced daily. The leisure airline routes passengers through 19 "focus cities" located primarily in California and Florida, with other major hubs in Nevada and Arizona. This hub-and-spoke model can cost travelers, because Allegiant charges fees per flight segment, so the charges could apply more than once if the itinerary includes layovers. Allegiant's approach to pricing relies heavily on fees, offering low ticket prices and then charging for additional services. This includes carry-on bags, which incur a fee of $15 to $50 ($75 for gate-checked bags), as well as seat selection, credit-card processing, printing a boarding pass, and in-flight soft drinks and juice. Passengers unfamiliar with the airline can quickly rack up enough fees to erase any potential savings they found when comparing ticket prices.
A small airline with just 58 planes, Denver-based Frontier Airlines flies to nearly 60 destinations in the United States, Dominican Republic, Mexico, and Jamaica. Complaints are common among travelers, and industry rankings don't rate Frontier favorably, but the low-cost airline does have its fans. As with Spirit and Allegiant, there are additional fees to pick a seat, bring a carry-on bag, or buy a soft drink onboard. Frontier passengers should be sure to pay as many fees as possible when booking at FlyFrontier.com, as many increase if you pay later. One bright spot is relatively wide coach seats for a budget carrier, although they lack much legroom ("stretch" seating costs extra) and entertainment systems.
Amenity-packed Virgin America gives all passengers soft drinks and coffee, entertainment options, power outlets, and snazzy features such as mood lighting and seat-to-seat chat options on touchscreen entertainment systems. Wi-Fi is available for a fee, and as many as 10 bags can be checked at $25 each (most airlines charge more starting with the second bag). Travelers have the option to pay extra to guarantee preferred seating choices or priority boarding. These charges can add up, but the airline has placed first in several traveler and industry awards for its category. With only about two dozen destinations and about 60 aircraft, Virgin America is too small to top our list. It was acquired by Alaska Airlines in April, but Alaska's CEO has said the Virgin America brand may be preserved and operated separately.
JetBlue Airways sets itself apart from the other U.S.-based low-cost carriers with amenities such as snacks, power outlets for each seat, entertainment, and Wi-Fi all included in the fare. However, the airline now charges between $20 and $25 for a checked bag with the lowest fares to domestic locations. Additional comfort may go some way toward making extra fees more palatable, as JetBlue's economy seats are larger and offer more legroom than seats on many other budget carriers, and JetBlue consistently receives top marks for quality and customer satisfaction in consumer and industry reviews and reports. JetBlue flies to nearly 100 destinations, with about 925 daily flights on its 219 aircraft. It has hubs in New York (JFK); Boston; Fort Lauderdale and Orlando, Florida; Long Beach, California; and San Juan, Puerto Rico. One-third of its flights service the Caribbean, Latin America, and other international cities.
Southwest Airlines is the largest domestic low-cost carrier. It has more than 700 planes in its fleet and operates more than 3,800 flights each day to nearly 100 destinations, including Puerto Rico and the Caribbean, Mexico, and Latin America. In addition to its size, Southwest stands out for letting passengers take two free checked bags, waiving ticket change fees (passengers pay only the difference in cost between tickets), and offering free seatback entertainment and snacks. Certain flights also offer Wi-Fi access for an additional price of $8 per device for all-day service. Although it doesn't place at the top, Southwest makes strong showings in industry and traveler reviews and rankings for customer satisfaction. With creative leeway to "have fun on the job," airline staff have treated passengers to safety instructions delivered as a rap or stand-up routine.
Frugal coffee lovers can enjoy the freshest brew at home with any of these inexpensive blade or burr coffee grinders.
Try these money-saving tips for baby's first year and beyond.
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Can an education be both classical and Christian? Parents often associate a classical education with “non-Christian” content such as Greek mythology or philosophy. Naturally, they then wonder how these studies can be Christian.
First, because God has dominion over all, Christians can find profit in studying Greek literature and philosophy.
Second, this study is most useful when it prepares the heart for the acceptance of Christ, and then leads an individual to develop a rational, defensible faith; a faith that is also unlikely to be susceptible to false teaching.
Third, Christians must approach all reading carefully, pulling out that which is true and profitable and rejecting that which is untrue.
This conversation among the Church Fathers about classical, Christian education shaped the medieval schools in which the trivium—grammar, dialectic, and rhetoric—was formalized.
Alexandria, Egypt served as a center of learning in the fourth century BC. Alexandria’s famous library attracted many scholars, so it was a natural location for the best schools. Philo, a Greek Jew living in Alexandria, had already written many works demonstrating the unity of Greek philosophy and Judaism (The Great Tradition, 154). The Church Fathers then pursued similar arguments to link Greek philosophy and Christianity. Clement of Alexandria (c. AD 150–215) continued the conversation by demonstrating that the study of Greek philosophy was profitable for Christians. He described philosophy as a “preparatory science for Christianity” that would lead a person to contemplate wisdom and prepare the heart for the coming of Christ (169). Clement also concluded that philosophy prepared the mind to be precise in reasoning out issues of faith, and thus would help prevent the Christian from being deceived by false teachings.
Origen (c. AD 185–254) educated in both the Scriptures and Greek literature, compared classical, Christian education to the Israelites plundering Egypt before the Exodus. In his analogy, Origen pointed out that the gold and silver of the pagan Egyptians was used to make the holiest vessels used in the Jewish Tabernacle (178). Drawing out the lesson from the comparison, he urged students to use the treasures of the Greek philosophers and poets to build up the sacred faith of Christianity.
Basil the Great (c. AD 329–379), the Bishop of Caesarea, considered the study of the ancient writers, poets, and orators to be preparatory exercises for the deep study of Scriptures. He likened thinking to an athlete’s exercises. Basil asserted that culling through the wisdom of the ages—reviewing philosophies and arguments, accepting the true and rejecting the untrue—prepared a Christian to be a firm defender of the faith. In other words, if Christians are to impact the world around them, they must prepare thoroughly for that task.
Saint Jerome (c. AD 347–420), the translator of the Latin Vulgate Bible, was famous for struggling with his love of secular literature. He demonstrated that Paul quoted lines from the Greek poets in order to convince the Greeks of the truth of Christ. With this act, Paul illustrated that “he had learned from the true David to wrench the sword of the enemy out of his hand and with his own blade to cut off the head of the arrogant Goliath” (209). Again and again, these Church Fathers demonstrated how secular learning can appropriately be used in the service of Christ. Jerome’s contemporary, Augustine of Hippo (c. AD 354–430), also received a thorough classical education before converting to Christianity and serving in the Church. In his famous work, Confessions, Augustine claimed that his readings of Cicero turned his heart toward the wisdom of God (220).
The prevalent philosophy of modern education since John Dewey has been to center a child’s education solely on the material world. This should give us serious pause as Christians. Scripture tells us that we are mind, body, and an eternal soul. Our education should be filled with conversations about humanity and divinity, body and soul, life in this world, and life in the world to come. In a medieval education, the use of tools like dialectic, logic, and philosophy led students through discovery of these big ideas that have eternal significance. In the twentieth century, Dorothy Sayers called for a return to classical, Christian education in her 1947 speech at Oxford University “The Lost Tools of Learning.” She described how the Trivium studies in medieval schools produced the best thinkers for centuries. She proposed that we cast off modern methods of education and return to these former methods. As we employ these “lost tools of learning,” we hope to strengthen our children in the Christian faith, preparing them to recognize and articulate the Gospel in all areas of life.
In Classical Conversations, young students prepare for these big conversations by learning the facts of history, math, Latin, geography, science, and English grammar. These academic subjects in and of themselves are not Christian subjects. However, the simple act of discussing how these facts point to a Creator can lay the foundation for a biblical worldview. With young children, this can be as simple as reminding them that 13 x 2 always equals 26 precisely because God created an orderly universe that is governed by certain rules. Seeing tiny Israel on a map can lead us into a conversation about God’s amazing plans for mankind. When children study the human digestive system, they can discuss how they are fearfully and wonderfully made.
As students mature, their thoughts and conversations also mature and grow deeper. As children enter the dialectic stage in Challenges A and B, they begin to have theological discussions each week in which they study beginning apologetics and practice the defense of their faith. In Challenges I–IV, training in theology becomes more rigorous as students refine their biblical worldview by comparing Scripture to philosophy. Logic trains students to think clearly about contemporary issues and to form persuasive arguments about virtuous, biblical choices and actions. In a medieval school, teachers and students regarded theology as the mistress science that governed all of the branches of knowledge.
In Classical Conversations, we seek to recover that understanding of theology as we train students to seek God in all areas of study, from chemistry, history, literature, and philosophy to the fine arts. Older students will study logic to form careful arguments grounded in a biblical worldview, and they will practice rhetoric regularly in order to deliver those arguments persuasively. The result of all these labors will be a deeper understanding of God’s attributes. As students comprehend God more deeply and develop a deeper relationship with Him, they will want to praise Him continually. Not only can an education be both classical and Christian, but this form of education has the potential to make manifest a rich earthly process of sanctification: human existence lived out as doxology.
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investing up to date technologically.
Equity crowdfunding is good for all market participants and it is important for innovation, economic growth and job creation in Canada.
Equity crowdfunding is a logical occurrence in a market economy driven by technological development. It is good for all market participants and it is important for innovation, economic growth and job creation in Canada. In this article I explore the state of equity crowdfunding in Canada to date and provide an outlook for 2016.
Equity crowdfunding is a logical phenomenon in technology-driven market economy and fuels innovation, economic growth and job creation.
In a market economy, typically the aggregation of supply and demand determines the price of goods or services exchanged. In the case of equity crowdfunding, it’s an online marketplace where companies and investors meet and exchange money for investments in private companies. Generally, in order for a market to work well, it has to be a competitive market. In the case of equity crowdfunding, companies are competing for the same investment dollars from investors, and investors are competing to invest in the most promising companies. Generally, the more companies and investors meet in a marketplace, the more likely the determined price will be close to the ‘true’ or fair market price.
When it comes to funding early stage and growth companies operating in the non-public (private) market, this is no different. The more participants on both the supply side and demand side, the more competitive the market.
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Chidiock (Charles) Tichborne (1558�September 20, 1586) is remembered as an English conspirator and poet. He was born in Southampton in 1558 to Roman Catholic parents. Given the recent succession of Elizabeth I to the throne over Mary I, he was allowed to freely practice his religion for most of his early life. However in 1570 the Queen was excommunicated by the Pope for her support of the Protestant religion and in retaliation ended her tolerance of the Catholic Church. Catholicism was made illegal, and Roman Catholics were once more banned by law from practicing their religion. Tower of London, Traitor's GateIn 1583, Tichborne and his father were arrested and questioned concerning the use of "popish relics." Though they were released without charge, records suggest that this was not the last time they were to be questioned by the authorities over their religion. In June 1586, Tichborne agreed to take part in the Babington Plot to murder Queen Elizabeth and replace her with the Catholic Mary Queen of Scots who was next in line to the throne. The plot was foiled by Sir Francis Walsingham using double agents, most notably Robert Poley who was later witness to the murder of Christopher Marlowe, and though most of the conspirators fled, Tichborne had an injured leg and was forced to remain in London. On August 14 he was arrested and he was later tried and sentenced to death in Westminster Hall. While in custody in the Tower of London on September 19 (the eve of his execution), Tichborne wrote to his wife Agnes. The letter contained three stanzas of poetry that is his only known piece of work, Tichborne's Elegy, also known by its first line My Prime of Youth is but a Frost of Cares. The poem is a dark look at a life cut short and is a favourite of many scholars to this day. On September 20, 1586, Tichborne was executed with Anthony Babington, John Ballard, and four other conspirators. They were disembowelled while still alive on specially erected gallows in St Giles Field, London as a warning to other would-be conspirators; however, when the Queen heard reports of these particularly gruesome executions, she gave orders that the remaining seven conspirators were to be allowed to hang until 'quite dead' before being disembowelled.
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Pangasinan (Salitan Pangasinan) is one of the major languages of the Philippines. It is the language spoken in the province of Pangasinan, on the west-central seaboard of the island of Luzon along the Lingayen Gulf, the northern portion of Tarlac and southwestern La Union, most of whom belong to the Pangasinan ethnic group. Pangasinan is also understood in some municipalities in Benguet, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, and by the Aeta or Aeta of Zambales.
The Pangasinan language belongs to the Malayo-Polynesian languages branch of the Austronesian languages family. Pangasinan is similar to other closely related Philippine languages, Indonesian in Indonesia, Malaysian in Malaysia, Hawaiian in Hawaii and Malagasy in Madagascar. The Pangasinan language is very closely related to the Ibaloi language spoken in the neighboring province of Benguet, located north of Pangasinan. Pangasinan is classified under the Pangasinic group of languages.
Pangasinan, is spoken primarily in the provinces of Pangasinan, Tarlac, La Union, and Benguet, and in some areas of the neighboring provinces of Zambales, Nueva Ecija, Aurora, and Nueva Vizcaya.
Pangasinan is the official language of the province of Pangasinan, located on the west central area of the island of Luzon along Lingayen Gulf. The people of Pangasinan are also referred to as Pangasinense. The province has a total population of 2,343,086 (2000), of which 2 million speak Pangasinan. Pangasinan is spoken in other Pangasinan communities in the Philippines, mostly in the neighboring provinces of Benguet, La Union, Nueva Ecija, Tarlac, Zambales, and Nueva Vizcaya.
Austronesian speakers settled in Maritime Southeast Asia during prehistoric times, perhaps more than 5,000 years ago. The indigenous speakers of Pangasinan are descendants of these settlers, who were probably part of a wave of prehistoric human migration that is widely believed to have originated from Southern China via Taiwan between 10 and 6 thousand years ago.
The word Pangasinan, means “land of salt” or “place of salt-making”; it is derived from the root word asin, the word for "salt" in Pangasinan. Pangasinan could also refer to a “container of salt or salted-products”; it refers to the ceramic jar for storage of salt or salted-products or its contents.
Juan Villamil translated José Rizal's Mi Ultimo Adiós in Pangasinan. Pablo Mejia edited Tunong, a news magazine, in the 1920s. He also wrote Bilay tan Kalkalar nen Rizal, a biography of Rizal. Magsano published Silew, a literary magazine. Magsano also wrote Samban Agnabenegan, a romance novel. Pangasinan Courier published articles and literary works in Pangasinan. Pioneer Herald published Sinag, a literary supplement in Pangasinan. Many Christian publications in Pangasinan are widely available.
Many Pangasinan are multilingual and proficient in English, Filipino, and Ilocano. However, the spread and influence of the other languages is contributing to the decline of the Pangasinan. Many Pangasinan people, especially the native speakers are promoting the use of Pangasinan in the print and broadcast media, Internet, local governments, courts, public facilities and schools in Pangasinan. In April 2006, the creation of Pangasinan Wikipedia was proposed, which the Wikimedia Foundation approved for publication in the Internet.
Like other Malayo-Polynesian languages, Pangasinan has a verb–subject–object word order. Pangasinan is an agglutinative language.
The ancient people of Pangasinan used an indigenous writing system. The ancient Pangasinan script, which is related to the Tagalog Baybayin script, was derived from the Javanese Kawi script of Indonesia and the Vatteluttu or Pallava script of South India.
The Latin script was introduced during the Spanish colonial period. Pangasinan literature, using the indigenous syllabary and the Latin alphabet, continued to flourish during the Spanish and American colonial period. Pangasinan acquired many Spanish and English words, and some indigenous words were Hispanicized or Anglicized. However, use of the ancient syllabary has declined, and not much literature written in it has survived.
Most of the loan words in Pangasinan are Spanish, as the Philippines was ruled by Spain for more than 300 years. Examples are lugar (place), podir (power, care), kontra (from contra, against), birdi (verde, green), ispiritu ("espíritu", spirit), and santo (holy, saint).
Malinac ya Labi (original by Julian Velasco).
Ordinal numbers are formed with prefix KUMA- (KA- plus infix -UM). Example: kumadua, second.
Associative numbers are formed with prefix KA-. Example: katlo, third of a group of three.
Fraction numbers are formed with prefix KA- and an associative number. Example: kakatlo, third part.
Multiplicative ordinal numbers are formed with prefix PI- and a cardinal number from two to four or PIN- for other numbers except for number one. Example: kaisa, first time; pidua, second time; pinlima, fifth time.
Multiplicative cardinal numbers are formed with prefix MAN- (MAMI- or MAMIN- for present or future tense, and AMI- or AMIN- for the past tense) to the corresponding multiplicative ordinal number. Example: aminsan, once; amidua, twice; mamitlo, thrice.
Distributive cardinal numbers are formed with prefixes SAN-, TAG-, or TUNGGAL and a cardinal number. Example: sansakey, one each; sanderua, two each.
Distributive multiplicative numbers are formed with prefix MAGSI-, TUNGGAL, or BALANGSAKEY and a multiplicative cardinal number. Example: tunggal pamidua, twice each; magsi-pamidua, each twice.
Fernández Cosgaya, Lorenzo (1865). Diccionario pangasinan-español and Vocabulario Hispano-pangasinán. Colegio de Santo Tomás. Available online at the University of Michigan's Humanities Text Initiative.
Anastacio Austria Macaraeg. Vocabulario castellano-pangasinán (1898).
Mariano Pellicer. Arte de la lengua pangasinán o caboloan (1904).
Rayner, Ernest Adolphus (1923). Grammar and dictionary of the Pangasinan language / Gramatica tan diccionario na salitay Pangasinan. Manila, Philippines: Methodist Publishing House.
Felixberto B. Viray. The Sounds and Sound Symbols of the Pangasinan Language (1927).
Corporación de PP. Dominicos. Pasion Na Cataoan Tin JesuChristo (U.S.T. Press, 1951).
Paciencia E. Versoza. Stress and Intonation Difficulties of Pangasinan Learners of English (1961).
Paul Morris Schachter. A Contrastive Analysis of English and Pangasinan (1968).
Richard A. Benton. Pangasinan Dictionary (University of Hawaii Press, 1971).
Richard A. Benton. Pangasinan Reference Grammar (University of Hawaii Press, 1971).
Richard A. Benton. Spoken Pangasinan (University of Hawaii Press, 1971).
Richard A. Benton. Phonotactics of Pangasinan (1972).
Ernesto Constantino. English-Pangasinan Dictionary (1975).
Julio F. Silverio. New English-Pilipino-Pangasinan Dictionary (1976).
Alta Grace Q. Garcia. Morphological Analysis of English and Pangasinan Verbs (1981).
Philippine Bible Society. Say Santa Biblia (Philippine Bible Society, 1982).
Philippine Bible Society. Maung A Balita Para Sayan Panaon Tayo (Philippine Bible Society and United Bible Societies, 1983).
Mario "Guese" Tungol. Modern English-Filipino Dictionary (Merriam Webster, 1993).
Church of Christ. Say Cancanta (Church of Christ, n.d.). Includes translations of English songs like "Joy to the World," and "What A Friend We Have in Jesus."
Emiliano Jovellanos. Pangasinan-English English-Pangasinan Dictionary (2002). The compilation has 20,000 entries.
Mel V. Jovellanos. Pangasinan-English English-Pangasinan Language Dictionary (Corpuz Press, Calasiao, Pangasinan, March 2007).
Traditional Folk Song. Malinak Lay Labi (Calm is the Night).
^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Pangasinan". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
^ Fox, James J. (August 19–20, 2004). "Current Developments in Comparative Austronesian Studies" (PDF).
^ Ronald S. Himes (1998). "The Southern Cordilleran Group of Philippine Languages". Oceanic Linguistics 37. 120-177. JSTOR 3623282.
Pangasinan-Spanish Dictionary, by Lorenzo Fernandez Cosgata, published in 1865.
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0.982931 |
You are at the risk of getting hacked, if KYC compliant.
KYC, AML and ABC (Anti-bribery and corruption) compliance are water to the sharks, whales and bubble fish of the financial industry.
The collection of customer identity and activity data is such a tradition that even during a recession, the compliance officer industry is booming.
Regulator’s role is to pressure banks and exchanges into compliance, while law enforcement attempts to hook onto the bigger fish.
The fact that a crucial government database like the OPM was hacked, does not mean that more responsible organizations will also get hacked.
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0.999895 |
In the two previous blogs in this series, I talked about why a consistent approach to ethical questions around human-machine interaction really matters and what some of the key challenges are. Let’s now look at an approach that should be helpful.
Isolated and specialized AI in advisory roles: We already have highly specialized AI as advisers without responsibility for any decision or action, like search engines or navigation systems. Digital ethics must ensure that the results conform with human ethical expectations.
Isolated and specialized decision-making AI: Systems make decisions in specific areas, e.g., traffic control, financials, healthcare. Humans can mostly understand the system’s decisions. To ensure intelligent and humane decisions, digital ethics should cover a simple system of human values such as the value of life.
Isolated and task-agnostic AI: AI makes decisions taking several aspects of a situation into account. Digital ethics using a generic system of values is required as humans may no longer understand the reason a machine made a certain decision. Most experts think this will become a reality within a few decades.
Independent and cooperating AI: Several specialized AIs interact to come to a broad variety of decisions, e.g., projects for environmental sustainability. A complex value system addressing all aspects of human society is required.
Self-organizing AI improving itself: In the future, a dominant system or an AI society independent from humans may appear (“artificial superintelligence”). Digital ethics must be robust enough to ensure the long-term survival of human society, including human values.
How can we proactively suffuse ethics into AI at the different levels of its development? At the beginning, isolated AI digital ethics must consist of ethical rules placed at the very root of the AI’s computation processes, resulting in behavioral patterns in accordance with human ethics, such as security, privacy, legal compliance, and the value of life.
For independent AI, we must have a broader spectrum of decision-making authority, more generic algorithms and value sets, for instance, ethics in human culture, communication, science, etc. The handling of human intercultural challenges and different, maybe contradicting human legislation, needs additional attention.
When AI is supposed to come to decisions based on complex contexts, reasons for departing from ethical rules must be defined as well. Keeping the “hierarchy of needs” of humans and AI synchronized (or at least ensuring they are not contradicting each other) is probably the most relevant task for cooperating, and maybe someday self-organizing, AI. A potential world shaped by AI must still allow people to meet their needs and be smart enough to avoid unintended consequences.
We do not know today what a self-organizing, super-intelligent AI will strive for in the end, but it is up to us to introduce from the beginning a basic set of needs suitable for a machine-based existence that neither impedes nor conflicts with the human hierarchy of needs. But, it’s a good question: What motivates an AI? And, as soon as a superintelligence awakens, humans will no longer be able to change its goals or actions.
The development of digital ethics is just beginning. On the AI side, today we have the “Three Laws of Robotics,” defined by Isaac Asimov in 1942 in his science fiction writings. We must expect a similar increase in complexity within digital-ethics-based rules.
Such principles need broad agreement. We need industrial self-commitment as well as global legislation comparable to the Geneva Convention or rules governing genetic research. A first step could be to establish an “AI ethics quality seal” for sustainable development. Companies providing AI-based services need a “Digital Ethics Committee” and should add rules about digital ethics to their code of business conduct. Alignment of ethical values and their implementation is in fact already long overdue.
As artificial intelligence takes hold, the organizations that gain a competitive edge will be those that pay closest attention to The Human Angle.
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0.88855 |
There are more women than men in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama. Total population of Tuscaloosa County, Alabama is estimated at 202,212 people with 97,626 male and 104,586 female. There are 6,960 more women than men in the county, which is 3.44% of the total population.
The Tuscaloosa County, Alabama Gender Ratio is 93 men to 100 women (93:100) or 0.93. Tuscaloosa County, Alabama's gender ratio is lower than the Alabama State average of 94 men to 100 women (94:100) or 0.94. The gender ratio is also lower than the national average of 97 men to 100 women (97:100) or 0.97.
Gender Ratios vary by age group as well as location. The table below shows the gender ratios breakdown in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama by age.
Abernant, Brookwood, Buhl, Coaling, Coker, Cottondale, Duncanville, Echola, Elrod, Fosters, Kellerman, Mc Calla, Northport, Peterson, Ralph, Samantha, Tuscaloosa, and Vance.
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0.997649 |
How the West sleepwalked into another Cold War A native of Yalta, Constantine Pleshakov is intimately familiar with Crimea s ethnic tensions and complex political history Now, he offers a much needed look at one of the most urgent flash points in current international relations the first occupation and annexation of one European nation s territory by another since WorldHow the West sleepwalked into another Cold War A native of Yalta, Constantine Pleshakov is intimately familiar with Crimea s ethnic tensions and complex political history Now, he offers a much needed look at one of the most urgent flash points in current international relations the first occupation and annexation of one European nation s territory by another since World War II Pleshakov illustrates how the proxy war unfolding in Ukraine is a clash of incompatible world views To the U.S and Europe, Ukraine is a country struggling for self determination in the face of Russia s imperial nostalgia To Russia, Ukraine is a sister nation, where NATO expansionism threatens its own borders In Crimea itself, the native Tatars are Muslims who are vehemently opposed to Russian rule Engagingly written and bracingly nonpartisan, Pleshakov s book explains the missteps made on all sides to provide a clear, even handed account of a major international crisis.
A very thorough look at the Crimean situation. I learned a lot about the region's history, how diverse and fractured the peoples are, even about the topography of the Crimean peninsula. This is a great read if you want to get a good perspective on how and why the annexation happened, and who all the players were.
Great non-bias look at how the Crimean crisis went down. I would recommend this book if you are looking for an objective look at the situation.
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0.963295 |
Now that Summers has gone south for the winter, the most likely alternatives will be more difficult to define by their wretchedness and mendacity. The leading candidate, Janet Yellen, comes to mind: How would a financial economics writer, as the author of this article is, explain to the average person that she was a knowing participant in the Fed’s secret, multi-trillion dollar big bank bailout program that caused hundreds of millions of dollars in investments to be wiped out because analysts were kept in the dark about the infusions of funds? Until October of 2010, she was the President of the District Bank of San Francisco; she was then elevated to Vice Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors. That would have been the year before the Fed was ordered by a Federal District Court to reveal the bailout, an order that the Fed and the Treasury fought. As the head of one of the 12 Reserve Banks, she would have known about the off-the-books bailout because banks in her jurisdiction were in the program. Later, as a Governor, she would have had a direct hand in overseeing the program, which had racked up north of seven trillion dollars (that’s right, seven trillion dollars) before the covers were torn away by some darned federal judge who just didn’t understand how important it is to keep secrets.
To be fair, Ms. Yellen wasn’t the only conspirator: obviously, all seven of the Federal Reserve Governors, including Chairman Ben Bernanke, would have known, as would a cadre of upper-level employees of the Fed who implemented, managed, and oversaw the capital injections. So, too, would compliance officials at the Securities and Exchange Commission, given that they would need to turn a blind eye to misleading and materially false representations in required filings by the banks. External auditors, who certified false and misleading financial statements, would also have known about the massive infusions of cash that kept the banks going. Government officials, including former Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner, would have known. President Barack Obama would have known. In fact, a whole lot of people in responsible positions would have known.
Only the trifling and irrelevant would not have known. Those “trifling and irrelevant” are otherwise collectively called “the public,” which incidentally includes investment analysts who used standard, time-honored, responsible tools of technical and fundamental financial analysis to make recommendations to their clients.
Supporters, planners, and insiders who knew about the secret bailout will say that it was necessary to save those giant banks because the consequence of not doing so would have been catastrophic. Thousand, tens of thousands, or even hundreds of thousands of people losing a lot of money, including their retirement savings, is nothing more than a private cost borne by the few to save the great. The need to carry out the program in secret, inducing a chain reaction of necessary lies and deceptions, is somewhat less clear.
In her upcoming Senate confirmation hearings, Janet Yellen will not be pressed to clarify the rationale behind the secrecy, much less will she be pressed to make an apology to those she and her fellow insiders financially wrecked with that secrecy. That’s because she will be in the presence of her fellow insiders: the members of the Senate Banking Committee, before which she will testify, were among the insiders who knew about the secret bailout.
Yellen will be nominated, and she will be confirmed, notwithstanding her role in a secret program that saved the hides of massive, irresponsible, failing banks at the crippling expense of honest investment analysts and their clients. The Senators questioning her will not ask her to explain her role, her rationale, and her actions, much less will they ask her to offer compensation to the people ruined by her and her fellow insiders.
If you’re going to be tried by a jury of your peers, make sure they really are your peers. That means, if you’ve committed the deed of a scoundrel, make sure the names of the jurors are on that deed, too. That way, you know for sure they’re your peers.
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However, that may not necessarily be the only issue as far as the adoption of new technology is concerned. Many reports have been made of how corporations have generously spent on new technology only for it to fail at replacing the old systems functionality. The budget may be in millions, but money spent is forever gone. Which boils down to the specific requirements that should be followed for a successful transition.
We understand the complexities that involved in technology implementation and our team has over the years developed a working model for our clients. Our team has over the years emphasized on more than just identifying a technology to be implemented based on its adoption by the greater majority.
Is competent enough to champion such visioning and strategy in any corporate set up. The team sets clearly outlined goals which they come up in close collaboration with the corporation.
Additionally, the team can come up with realistic priorities, time frame and a budget that would ensure the project runs smoothly through to its completion and success.
Businesses need to work their numbers to have a clear picture of the requirements and whether the benefits of the technology outweigh its cost.
By clearly understanding the vision of the business, its budget, as well as the requirements they have, our team can come up with the best implementation plan for the entire project.
"A change management strategy" what we call it, and it ensures there are lasting effects to the entire implementation of the new technology.
Training involves more than just getting the employees as well as the end users, if any, to get to know how to use the technology.
Our team of experts ensures that your employees understand the need for the new technology and the reasons behind the shift from a system they may have held close to heart.
This kind of approach ensures that the people in charge of making the entire technology implementation a success appreciate the technology in the first place.
Having a clear vision of what aspects of the old system needs replacing goes a considerable way towards ensuring smooth implementation and transitioning.
This kind of visioning requires an excellent understanding of the different processes that run the entire business or corporation.
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0.96774 |
In some countries, such as Bangladesh, the United States, Pakistan and India, it may apply to all armed forces, not just the navy. This means generals can also be considered flag officers.
In India, it is applied to brigadiers, major generals, lieutenant generals and generals in the Army (and their equivalents in the Navy and Air Force). The equivalents are commodore, rear admiral, vice admiral and admiral in the Navy and air commodore, air vice marshal, air marshal and air chief marshal in the Air Force. Each of these category of flag officers is designated with a specific flag. India's honorary ranks (five star ranks) are field marshal in the Army, marshal of the Indian Air Force in the Air Force and admiral of the fleet in the Navy.
In the Royal Navy, there is a distinction between "flag officer" and "officer of flag rank". Formerly all officers promoted to flag rank were considered to be "flag officers" and the term is still widely used to refer to any officer of flag rank. Present usage is that all rear-admirals and above are officers of flag rank, but only those officers of flag rank who are authorised to fly a flag are formally called "flag officers", and have different flags for different ranks of admiral. Of the 39 officers of flag rank in the Royal Navy in 2006, very few were "flag officers" with entitlement to fly a flag. For example, Commander-in-Chief Fleet flies an admiral's flag whether ashore or afloat and is a "flag officer"; the chief of staff (support), a rear admiral, is not entitled to fly a flag and is an "officer of flag rank" rather than a "flag officer". List of fleets and major commands of the Royal Navy lists most admirals who were "flag officers". A flag officer's junior officer is often known as "Flags".
Captain was the highest rank in the United States Navy from its beginning in 1775 until 1857, when Congress created the temporary rank of Flag Officer, which gave way to Commodore and Rear Admiral in 1862. The rank of "flag officer" was bestowed on senior Navy captains who were assigned to lead a squadron of vessels in addition to command of their own ship. During the American Civil War, the Confederate States Navy also used the term. The 19th-century rank of "flag officer" was considered strictly temporary and became obsolete upon the creation and widespread usage of the equivalent naval rank of commodore; however, the term is still in use today, explicitly defined as an officer of the U.S. Navy or Coast Guard serving in or having the grade of admiral, vice admiral, rear admiral, or rear admiral (lower half), equivalent to general officers of an army. In 1862 Congress authorized American use of the title "admiral."
In the United States Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps, the term "flag officer" generally is applied to all general officers authorized to fly their own command flags—i.e., brigadier general, or pay grade O-7, and above. However, as a matter of law, Title 10 of the United States Code makes a distinction between general officers and flag officers. Non-naval officers usually fly their flags from their headquarters, vessels, or vehicles, typically only for the most senior officer present. In the United States all flag and general officers must be nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate; each subsequent promotion requires renomination and re-approval. For the Navy, each flag officer assignment is usually limited to a maximum of two years, followed by either reassignment, promotion and reassignment, or retirement.
↑ Canada – National Defence: A-AD-200-000/AG-000 The Heritage Structure of the Canadian Forces, Chapter 14, Section 3.
↑ Canada - National Defence: "Navy Rank and Appointment Insignia: Navy"
↑ Note: The referenced website, above, has not yet been updated to reflect the change as of July 9, 2010.
↑ "Naval History and Heritage Command - Navy Captain". History.navy.mil. 13 May 2014. Retrieved 8 June 2016.
↑ Offenhauer, Priscilla. "GENERAL AND FLAG OFFICER AUTHORIZATIONS FOR THE ACTIVE AND RESERVE COMPONENTS: A COMPARATIVE AND HISTORICAL ANALYSIS" (PDF). Library of Congress. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
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This statistic shows the days on which energy drinks are consumed in the United States in 2016, by gender. During the survey, 37 percent of female respondents answered that they normally consume energy drinks on work days.
The original question was phrased as follows: On which days of the week do you normally consume energy drinks?
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0.996726 |
What is the point of investing time and effort into a job that doesn’t pay anything? Wouldn’t it be better to spend that time doing something lucrative? These are the questions a lot of people ask themselves before volunteering. Some people decide not to volunteer because they can’t find good answers.
However, if you’re someone who likes to help people and you’re motivated to do it, being a volunteer is a great option. In addition to being a rewarding activity, the personal and emotional benefits replenish your emotions.
To live as a part of society, you have to think about people other than yourself. If you’re always absorbed in your own problems, you might not be capable of appreciating and valuing what you have around you.
There are children, teens, and adults who need help and compassion. They may have stigmatized illnesses, be suffering from addictions, or are homeless or orphaned. All of these people have something in common: they need solidarity.
Helping others is one of the behaviors that we value the most. At the same time, it can be really hard to set aside other interests and focus on those in need. Don’t forget that, wherever you go, there will be people who need help. Contributing to the common good through volunteering isn’t just possible, it’s an obligation!
Being happy with yourself is gratifying. That’s why the health benefits of volunteering are comparable to those of physical exercise or rest. Many volunteers who work as part of a team feel like they’re part of something bigger. The tasks and activities that volunteers do reinforce self-esteem because they improve the quality of life and day-to-day of other people.
Over time, these feelings make our emotional system stronger. That, in turn, makes it more difficult to become depressed or succumb to stress. At the same time, you’ll be less likely to experience what so many people struggle with these days: loneliness.
Boredom is a great opportunity to explore your most creative side. Feeling tired of the same old routine can lead you to explore and do new things. It motivates you to go against society’s plans.
In that sense, people who become volunteers are those who discover unpaid work that interests them. They feel the need to support other people and that encourages them to invest their time in working for the greater good.
Volunteers usually have concerns that are bigger than the present moment. In other words, they worry about the collective well-being. They generally show initiative, thoughts, and intentions directed at improving some aspect of the cultural or social sphere.
That’s why headhunters appreciate volunteers so much. Recruiters look for people who know how to work in a team and aren’t afraid of challenges. They want proactive, committed, and serious candidates. What’s more, if the volunteer work is related to your academic career, it can double your worth as a job candidate.
Taking on responsibilities that are different from your normal ones is a great experience. It can help you develop new emotional, social, and intellectual skills. There are even NGOs that offer courses or training to help you develop practical skills. After all, you can never have too many abilities in your repertoire.
For example, a shy person will gradually and effectively learn to communicate with others. An impatient teen will learn that waiting is sometimes the best strategy and an intolerant person will get a lesson in humility. Someone who is extremely sensitive will understand that you can also ration empathy.
As you can see, there are many tangible benefits to volunteering. But we saved the best for last! This activity is contagious. When you see people around you get involved in a cause, the subjective value of the cause increases. Normally, volunteers confess that they get much more out of the experience than they put it. They say it’s a unique experience that helps you grow as a person. So what are you waiting for? Start volunteering today!
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Después de los aplausos llega el turno del invitado externo. La tradición es que, en esta reunión anual, se invite a una persona que haya destacado en algún campo, empresarial, deportivo… a que de una charla, cuente sus vivencias y experiencias y transmita un mensaje a los directivos de la organización. Ni que decir tiene que, personalmente, me parece una gran idea. Bueno, pues resulta que este año el invitado es el director de una empresa relacionada con internet (vamos a dejarlo ahí para no personificar en nadie). El motivo por el que se invita a esta persona, es que, en la alta dirección se han oído campanas. No se tiene mucha idea de dónde proviene el ruido, pero hay dos palabras que han escuchado. Dos palabras que de forma independiente tienen sus significados, pero que en conjunto son como un canto de sirena: “transformación digital”. “¡Ostias!”, debieron pensar en esta compañía. “Esto está de moda y sería cojonudo hablar de ello en la reunión de directivos”. Y dicho y hecho. Y ahí está el director de esta compañía de internet dando su charla. Asombro generalizado. Sabías palabras las escuchadas por el auditorio. Sonoros aplausos en la sala de reuniones. Todo el mundo motivado y entusiasmado con el mensaje transmitido. ¿Todo el mundo? No. Todo el mundo no. Resulta que una de las personas con más peso en la organización, que aglutina bajo su dirección departamentos clave de la organización, en “petit comité” dijo, henchido como un pavo, “esto de la transformación es un cuento, a mí que me lo demuestren”.
Sobran los comentarios ante tal demostración de estulticia, de falta de conocimiento de la realidad y de poca visión empresarial. Por desgracia, este tipo de reticencias al cambio y el apoltronamiento mental en numerosos directivos de empresas españolas son una realidad.
Estoy convencido que esta historia se ha dado en muchas reuniones anuales en los últimos tres años. Para tener éxito en la transformación digital, y que realmente sea un motor del cambio y del crecimiento, lo primero que hay que hacer es cambiar las obsoletas mentalidades de muchas personas, que no quieren salir de su zona de comfort, y que no se dan cuenta que, con su actitud, provocan más mal que bien a la evolución de las empresas. Todo cambio requiere de un esfuerzo, y el que no lo quiera ver así, está de más en una organización.
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Clambakes, cookouts and carefree summer days call for light-washed jeans with an oversized cuff, casually finished with a raw-edge hemline.
Choose a sizeMid rise. True to size. 00=24, 0=25, 2=26, 4=27, 6=28, 8=29, 10=30, 12=31, 14=32, 16=33, 18=34.
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0.999901 |
What is the status of people who flee for their lives from Central America to the United States? The US government calls them illegal aliens to be deported forthwith. The Sanctuary Movement calls them refugees, entitled to sanctuary under international law. Twelve members of the movement went on trial in Arizona, charged with smuggling and harbouring illegal aliens. In July 1986 all were given suspended sentences and placed on probation.
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0.945262 |
Do you want to embody innocence, wholeness and openness?
White is the color of new beginnings, purity and innocence. It is the color of perfection, wholeness and completion. It provides a blank canvas for other colors, similar to brown, and it creates an open path for anything the mind can conceive. It awakens growth, openness and creativity.
White is equality, neutrality and independence. White offers peace and calm, comfort and hope and creates a sense of order and efficiency. It is personified as cleanliness and purity and can help to strengthen your energy system.
On the negative side, too much white can be cold, sterile and uninviting. It can stimulate feelings of emptiness and isolation and create a sense of fear of doing anything because it might be disrupted. It provides little stimulation to the senses, so adding other colors will help balance it out.
White can be used in every room of the house and can be combined with every color. It is common for people to paint their walls white, as the color supports all other furnishing elements in a room. Unless you are going for a very modern, sleek look, most people in their home prefer a warmer white.
White/clear crystals/stones inherently carry the white frequency and energy discussed above. These include Agate, Apophyllite, Calcite, Coral, Danburite, Desert Rose, Diamond, Faden Quartz, Herkimer Diamond, Howlite, Lemurian Quartz, Moonstone, Opal, Pearl, Quartz, Selenite, and Topaz.
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Calabria is a popular holiday destination with holiday makers who like to stay in holiday rentals. They are drawn here by its spectacular historical and cultural venues. Many holiday makers like to rent holiday villas and self catering holiday cottages in Calabria as holiday homes.Besides the amazing landmarks, tourists can enjoy the outdoor sports such as biking, water sports and adventure sports in this area. In order to get the best experience from a Calabria holiday, one must pre-schedule the top five things to do in Calabria.In order to get the full taste of a holiday in Calabria, tourists are advised to check out the amazing water sports. The most popular water sports in Calabria includes kayaking, canoeing and snorkeling. Tourists can try their hand at underwater diving and see the amazing underwater plant and marine life.The Mediterranean Sea surrounds this beautiful region and so sea sports such as windsurfing and sailing are popular. If you are passionate about swimming then you can go to Dino Island where swimmers can get a chance to swim amid the fish in the crystal blue water of the Mediterranean Sea.
One of the most alluring qualities at this place includes shark views that are offered by cruises to the boarders. The staff on these cruises give a commentary to explain the shark movements so as to acquaint the tourists of the shark lifestyle and behavioral patterns.Tourists can opt for kayaking and snorkeling so as to exhilarate themselves in the warm and blue water of the Mediterranean Sea. Tourists must not forget to check out the Blu Grotto which is one of the caves on Dino Island, Praja a Mare and offers a thrilling experience to the tourists exploring this deep dark crave. In order to get full enjoyment out of these sea activities, tourists must visit beaches such as Praja a Mare beach, Calabri.A holiday without sightseeing is like a garden without flowers and so you must opt for sightseeing tours offered by the local tourism department. Sightseeing is the perfect means available to enjoy a holiday in Calabria to the fullest as it has many historic landmarks. Some popular ones are Capo Colonna to Le Castella, Crotone and Castello Aragonese.Calabria offers unmatchable night fun to the tourists as it has many world class nightclubs where one can enjoy clubbing and dancing. The music played in the nightclubs here are of varied types such as hip hop, jazz and rock so as to make even the non dancers feel like dancingHoliday makers must not forget to attend the spectacular festivals and events in Calabria such as the Festival del Peperoncino. It is held in the first week of September and is dedicated to the cayenne pepper which is an informal symbol of this region. Tourists can get a chance to taste spicy and delicious edibles ranging from gelato to pasta in the local festivals celebrated in this place.
Calabria has many restaurants offering sea food such as Alici ripieni to the tourists. In order to get taste of the regional flavor of this place, tourists can taste Sopresatta. Calabria is also emerging fast as a leading manufacturer of world class beer and wine. You can now sample many of these local wines and beers.Calabria has seen a big growth in holiday rentals in recent years and many families now come back to this beautiful region of Italy. They are able to rent holiday villas and self catering holiday apartments in Calabria as holiday accommodation that they can use as a base to explore the marvelous local culture.
Calabria has seen a big growth in holiday rentals [web: compareaway.co.uk] in recent years and many families now come back to this beautiful region of Italy. They are able to rent holiday villas and self catering holiday apartments [web: compareaway.co.uk/holiday-apartments] in Calabria as holiday accommodation that they can use as a base to explore the marvelous local culture.
Next articleDo Not Allow the Financial Crisis Steal Your Holiday!
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Por qué los ricos se vuelven más ricos/ Why the Rich Are Getting Richer : ¿Qué es realmente la educación financiera?/ What Is Financial Education... Really?, Paperback by Kiyosaki, Robert T.; Wheelwright, Tom (COL), ISBN 1947783122, ISBN-13 9781947783126 Hace mucho tiempo los ahorradores eran ganadores. Hace mucho tiempo el ahorrador podía ahorrar y enriquecerse. Hoy los ahorradores son perdedores. Por qué los ricos se vuelven más ricos trata de la educación financiera real, no del cuento de hadas que afirma: "Ir a la escuela, conseguir un trabajo, trabajar duro, ahorrar, comprar una casa, salir de deudas e invertir a largo plazo en el mercado de valores". Este libro es la escuela de graduados de Padre Rico, Padre Pobre. Si estás buscando nuevas ideas sobre cómo sobrevivir y prosperar en el futuro, este libro es para ti. En este valioso libro, Robert T. Kiyosaki comparte los aprendizajes y lecciones que aprendió a lo largo de la vida, después de repetidamente hacerse la pregunta: "¿Cuándo aprenderemos sobre el dinero?" Al leer Por qué los ricos se vuelven más ricos, aprenderás: – Por qué la brecha entre los ricos y todos los demás se amplía. – Por qué los ahorradores son perdedores. – Por qué la deuda y los impuestos hacen a los ricos más ricos. – Por qué la educación tradicional realmente hace que muchas personas altamente educadas, como el Padre Pobre de Robert, vivan mal. – Por qué ir a la escuela, trabajar duro, ahorrar dinero, comprar una casa, salir de la deuda e invertir a largo plazo en el mercado de valores es el peor asesoramiento financiero para la mayoría de la gente. – Por qué la educación financiera real nunca se puede enseñar en las escuelas. ENGLISH DESCRIPTION It’s Robert Kiyosaki’s position that "It is our educational system that causes the gap between the rich and everyone else." He laid the foundation for many of his messages in the international best-seller Rich Dad Poor Dad — the #1 Personal Finance book of all time — and in Why the Rich Are Getting Richer, he makes his case… In this book, the reader will learn why the gap between the rich and everyone else grows wider. In this book, the reader will get an explanation of why savers are losers. In this book, the reader will find out why debt and taxes make the rich richer. In this book, the reader will learn why traditional education actually causes many highly educated people, such as Robert’s poor dad, to live poorly. In this book, the reader will find out why going to school, working hard, saving money, buying a house, getting out of debt, and investing for the long term in the stock market is the worst financial advice for most people. In this book, the reader will learn the answers Robert found on his life-long search, after repeatedly asking the question, "When will we learn about money?" In this book, the reader will find out why real financial education may never be taught in schools. In this book, the reader will find out "What financially education is… really."
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Where did all my bees go?
It's fall and there are only a few bees when I look through the window. There could be several reasons why in the Fall you might be seeing fewer bees through the window of your top bar hive.
One possibility, is the number of bees in the colony naturally decreases in the fall. Usually there is little nectar available in the fall months, so there is no need for a huge amount of worker bees.
Leaves are falling from the trees and there is no nectar available for the bees.
The queen naturally slows down egg laying and normally stops laying around late October in regions with a climate similar to zones 4-6. In the winter, the colony needs to contract in numbers, but be substantial enough to overwinter successfully. This is a very tricky balance. If the queens' genetics are not adapted to cold weather areas, she might continue laying past the October mark and have too big a colony for overwintering. Too big means, too many bees for the honey stores available which can lead to too many hungry bees in the hive.
you normally see many bees.
With the changing global weather patterns, even well adapted bees may have trouble as temperatures become more and more extreme or “unseasonable”. If the fall temperatures are unseasonably warm, the bees do not go into hibernation, but stay active and continue to consume their honey stores. Last year was just one example of these unusual weather events.
Typically, well adapted wild colonies head into winter with a much smaller nest cluster compared to bred bees. Italians, and many other bred bees that come in packages tend to keep larger clusters going into winter. If the bees genetics have been acclimated to the warmer climates of California, for example, the bees are not expecting the shorter warm season. This is why catching wild or feral bees, has an advantage, because the bees are more likely to have survivor behaviors that have been selected from your specific area. Even if you started with packaged bees, if they do manage to make it through the winter, you have the opportunity in the spring for a new queen to emerge from your hive to open mate with drones from the local survivor genetics. And now your colony will have local genetic behaviors giving them a great advantage over bred bees when unusual weather events happen.
Another reason for a lack of observable bees through the window may be that the cluster of bees is condensed in-between the combs at the center of the hive. On a chilly day the bees will be clustered towards the top of the hive and you can't see them looking through the window. The bees also will crawl into the empty comb cells to keep warm, so there will actually be a large number of bees clustered in the cells, adding to the illusion that the bees have vanished.
If your window is on the north side of the hive, it is quite possible that the bees are on the warmer south side of the hive, away from the window.
If you still want proof that the bees are in there, tap on the side of the hive and listen, with your ear pressed against the hive. Too much tapping and you better have your bee suit on!
In our BackYardHive DVD, Chapter 8: How the Colony is Organized, the video shows the expansion of the brood nest and how this increase in bees correlates to the increase of available nectar and pollen in the spring and summer months. More blooms = more bees in the hive. The goal of the colony is to increase their numbers to take full advantage of the nectar flows in the spring and summer, but to then contract to a sustainable size colony for winter hibernation.
This is what bees look like tucked into empty comb cells.
Some folks have heard that they need to feed, feed, feed during the fall, so the bees have plenty of stores for winter. In actuality the bees also need some empty comb cells to crawl into during the winter months to create a cluster and to keep warm. Feeding will cause the bees to store up the feed in their little winter beds, so they will have no place to rest their sleepy heads.
As the temperatures drop the bees contract into a tighter ball and crawl into the empty comb cells to tightly cluster together. So there is a balance, if you feel you have to feed, don't over feed, empty cells are a benefit to the overwintering cluster.
A good way to check the amount of honey in the hive is to remove the roof, not the inner lid, and lift the back of the hive to get an idea of the weight, 10 pounds?, 20 pounds? Then lift up the front of the hive, and try to estimate the weight you are feeling. I use a 4 finger technique. Try to lift with one finger, then try two. If I can barely lift with three fingers, this is borderline, but good. Often you can't even lift the ends of the hive with one arm. You may be surprised how heavy the hive feels.
If you have more than one hive you can compare the weight of each hive. If you want to get more accurate use a meat scale, hook it under the front or back handles of your hive. The Golden Mean hive, empty of bees and combs, and lifting the weight of the front or back of the hive on the meat scale is 15 pounds, so you can subtract this from your total.
Weighing the front of the Golden Mean Hive, (empty) is 15 pounds.
A full Golden Mean honeycomb weighs about 7 pounds!
Now record the results comparing weight and survival of a hive. This will give you insurance and peace of mind, when the nor easterly blow.
I rarely feed the bees in the fall and especially not sugar water. Any liquid in the hive must be evaporated and all this excess moisture is difficult for the bees to fan out of the hive, especially when they are sluggish because of the cold. The absolute best way to feed a colony that may not make it through the winter is to use full combs of honey from your hive or from a friend that is treatment free. We always have full topbar honey combs that we set aside from spring harvest, just in case a hive is struggling in the fall. Here is a great way to store the combs and keep them safe from wax moths. A cooler that is a correct width and two strips of wood mounted to the sides to hang the bars on, makes for a great emergency comb storage solution.
Often a single comb can make a difference for bees that have a small amount of honey stored and are boarder line going into winter.
Corwin talks about the cluster or ball of bees as a "dynamic system".
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