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34,469,796 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1097/00003081-198906000-00019",
"MAG": "2019985620",
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|
This review on the risks and benefits of oral contraceptives clarifies the risks and misperceptions, and discusses 10 potential health benefits. In the U.S. where maternal mortality is about 20.6/100,000, the risk of death from pills ranges from 1.8 for nonsmokers to 6.5 for smokers. It is likely that most of the small existing mortality risk of pill use is due to thromboembolism. Atherosclerosis, the major cause of death for U.S. women, may be reduced by the pill. It is still controversial whether pills increase risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and malignant melanoma; they protect against endometrial cancer (the 3rd greatest cancer killer) and ovarian (the 4th) cancer; they may increase risk slightly in some subgroups for breast and cervical cancer, although data are conflicting. Pills also protect against ectopic pregnancy, benign breast disease, pelvic inflammatory disease, ovarian cysts, iron deficiency anemia and possibly uterine fibroids and osteoporosis. It is no longer held that orals protect against toxic shock syndrome or rheumatoid arthritis. It is estimated that oral contraceptives avert 50,000 hospital admissions per year in the U.S.
|
2022-09-15T11:28:42.626Z
|
38,260,455 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TMECH.2015.2405851",
"MAG": "2036728350",
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Aerial cargo delivery, also known as airdrop, systems are heavily affected by atmospheric wind conditions. Guided airdrop systems typically employ onboard wind velocity estimation methods to predict the wind in real time as the systems descend, but these methods provide no foresight of the winds near the ground. Unexpected ground winds can result in large errors in landing location, and they can even lead to damage or complete loss of the cargo if the system impacts the ground while traveling downwind. This paper reports on a ground-based mechatronic system consisting of a cup and vane anemometer coupled to a guided airdrop system through a wireless transceiver. The guidance logic running on the airdrop system's onboard autopilot is modified to integrate the anemometer measurements at ground level near the intended landing zone with onboard wind estimates to provide an improved, real-time estimate of the wind profile. The concept was first developed in the framework of a rigorous simulation model and then validated in the flight test. Both simulation and subsequent flight tests with the prototype system demonstrate reductions in the landing position error by more than 30% as well as a complete elimination of potentially dangerous downwind landings.
|
2022-12-07T23:21:18.792Z
|
151,606,717 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.33233/FB.V12I5.934",
"MAG": "2514263382",
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Introduction: Stroke is a major public health problem in industrialized societies. The most common sequela is hemiparesis that exert a negative influence on functioning. The effectiveness of evaluation in neurological rehabilitation depends not only of outcomes of biomedical scope. In this way, International Classification of Functioning (ICF) advances as an ideal tool. ICF presents a biopsychosocial model and universal language. In order to perform, the Classification Core Sets were developed. In addition, the description of the functioning through the ICF involves the presence of a qualifier that works with a generic scale 0-4. Objective: To apply the categories of activity and participation and environmental factors of the brief core set for stroke in patients with chronic hemiparesis. Methods: The sample consisted of 16 patients. The core set categories of ICF used were associated with questions. For analysis and description of significance of means a one way ANOVA was performed. Results: For this population, in relation to the categories of activities and participation, the patients reported Speech (d330) as the most difficult task and for environmental factors they support the Health professionals (e355) the major facilitator. Significant differences were observed between men and women. Conclusion: The ICF looks like a promising tool for a collection of information regarding the functioning of patients with chronic hemiparesis, however, their qualifiers require standardization. There is a need of further studies to the completion of the findings. Key-words: hemiparesis, International Classification of
|
2022-12-10T09:30:36.673Z
|
119,798,080 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2307/2005129",
"MAG": "2000236397",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this paper we consider a general class of boundary-value problems for 2mth order elliptic equations including nonhomogeneous essential boundary conditions and nonselfadjoint problems. Approximation methods involving least squares approximation of the data are presented and corresponding error estimates are proved. These methods can be considered in the category of Rayleigh-Ritz-Galerkin methods and have the special feature that the trial functions need not satisfy the boundary conditions. A special case of the trial functions which is studied are spline functions defined on a uniform mesh of width h (or more generally piecewise polynomial functions). For a given "well set" boundary-value problem for a 2mth order operator the theory presented will provide a method with any prescribed order of accuracy r which is optimal in the sense that the best approximation in the underlying subspace is of order of accuracy r.
|
2022-12-28T18:06:24.280Z
|
28,375,063 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1074/JBC.271.36.21920",
"MAG": "2059692699",
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},
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Akt is a serine/threonine kinase that is stimulated by receptor tyrosine kinases and contains a pleckstrin homology domain. One model proposed to explain this activation suggests that receptor tyrosine kinases stimulate a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase whose lipid products directly activate Akt kinase by interacting with its pleckstrin homology domain. In the present study, we show, in three cell types, that Akt does not require its pleckstrin homology domain to respond to either insulin or platelet-derived growth factor. Moreover, attachment of the src myristoylation signal to target Akt, without its pleckstrin homology domain, to the membrane constitutively activates Akt by causing an increase in its basal level of phosphorylation. This constitutively active form of Akt can also activate p70S6K, indicating that the pleckstrin homology domain is not necessary for downstream interactions. Fusion of the inter src homology 2 domain from the p85 regulatory subunit of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase to Akt also constitutively activated Akt and induced an association with the lipid kinase. Phosphorylation of this fusion protein still critically contributes toward its increased activity. The sum of these results indicates that the primary mechanism of Akt activation is via protein phosphorylation.
|
2023-01-01T17:14:29.043Z
|
244,440,403 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.31178/rcsdllf.10.6",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Violence against women is a still existent worldwide phenomenon. The scope of the present article is to illustrate the terminological variety of glossary entries according to ISO 12616: 2002 (F). The examples and methodology are those used in the terminological work I undertook when writing my Master Thesis (consisting in a bilingual legal terminological glossary) on violence against women.
|
2022-01-22T04:13:58.656Z
|
46,875,149 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1159/000009985",
"MAG": "2045771876",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abnormalities of the lower urinary tract resulting from cesarean section are rare. We present a patient who developed urinary frequency, nocturia and acute pains in the late phase of micturition which we think was due to bladder distortion after repeat cesarean section. She was diagnosed cystographically and treated successfully by bladder flap release.
|
2022-02-11T23:20:45.587Z
|
237,279,055 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5114/pjr.2021.107814",
"MAG": "3185689080",
"PubMedCentral": "8369823"
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.termedia.pl/Journal/-126/pdf-44715-10?filename=Multimodality.pdf"
}
|
Purpose Greater trochanter (GT) lesions are relatively uncommon. They can be traumatic, infective including tuber-culosis, inflammatory, and neoplastic (primary and metastatic osseous lesions). Although imaging of greater trochanter lesions remains essential for differential diagnoses, an image-guided biopsy is a mainstay for diagnosis and to guide subsequent management. Material and methods A retrospective search for the word ‘greater trochanter’ was performed of a computerised radiology information system (CRIS) of a tertiary referral centre for orthopaedic oncology over a period of 12 years (2007-2019). This revealed 6019 reports with 101 neoplasms. The imaging, histology, and demography were reviewed by a dedicated musculoskeletal radiologist. Results We identified 101 GT neoplasms with a mean age of 51.5 years (range 6 to 85 years) and a slight female predominance of 1.2 : 1 (46 males and 55 females). Using 30 years of age as a cut-off, we further segregated the patient cohort into 2 groups: 26 (25.74%) lesions in patients less than 30 years age and the remaining 75 (74.26%) lesions in patients over 30 years old. Chondroblastoma was the most common neoplasm in patients below 30 years of age, and metastases were the most common neoplasms in patients over 30 years of age. Conclusions Greater trochanter pathologies show a broad spectrum of aetiologies. Imaging including radiographs, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and nuclear medicine scans help to narrow down the differen-tials diagnosis.
|
2022-01-27T01:57:21.971Z
|
84,744,084 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1117/12.336836",
"MAG": "2012792223",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The COMET assay, a single cell electrophoresis technique which allows to separate electrophoretically fractionated DNA according to size has been combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) which allows to localize specific genes or gene regions. This combination (COMET FISH) allows the detection of DNA single strand breaks in specific regions of the genome of human lymphocytes at the single cell level. Various types of DNA probes, e.g. centromere-, (alpha) - satellite-, telomere-, whole chromosome-, single copy- and region specific DNA probes have been used to investigate whether the UV-A induced DNA single strand breaks are distributed randomly all over the human genome or induced at specific sites ('hot spots'). In the investigated human peripheral blood lymphocytes all but one centromere reveal low sensitivity for UV-A irradiation (500 kJ/m2), while telomeres are randomly distributed over COMET heads and tails. The human chromosome 1 is fractionated by irradiation, but remains in the COMET head, indicating an only moderate degree of fractionation. Among three tested single copy probes, c- myc, p53 and p58, the p53 gene located on chromosome 17p13.1 and the p58 gene (1p36) appear to be located in UV-A stable regions of the human genome in 95% of 65 investigated lymphocytes. In contrast, the c-myc proto-oncogene (8q24) is found in the COMET tail in 90% of the 27 investigated lymphocytes and thus appears to be more sensitive to UV-A irradiation.
|
2022-09-11T22:20:03.823Z
|
94,959,104 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1246/CL.1990.779",
"MAG": "2011918978",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Ultra-thin films of poly(vinylenebenzothiazole) (PVBT) were formed at the air/water interface. The resulting PVBT thin films had a repeatable and finely controllable thickness; the per layer thickness of PVBT multilayers was 36 A. The films remained fairly stable when subjected to heat treatment up to 200 °C. They also had good solvent resistance.
|
2022-09-10T12:08:26.322Z
|
150,164,710 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.14515/MONITORING.2018.6.05",
"MAG": "2909654302",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In their version of modernization theory, R. Inglehart and K. Welzel suggest that younger cohorts socialized under conditions of existential security are the main drivers of post-materialist values and modernization process. In this paper, we test this thesis based on five waves of the World Values Survey fielded in Russia and covering the period from 1990 to 2017. We use age-period-cohort analysis, which disentangles the effects of age, time period and cohorts. We implement a method of measuring emancipative values proposed by K. Welzel. His emancipative values consist of four different indices: «autonomy», «equality», «choice», and «voice». The results show that younger cohorts in Russia do have a higher level of emancipative values as suggested by the theory. The basis for the transformation of values is three indices out of four: «autonomy», «choice», and «voice». «Equality» is the only index that showed neither age nor cohort differences.
Acknowledgment. This article is supported by the Russian Science Foundation under grant no. 18-18-00341 «Transformation of values and subjective quality of life: A regional perspective».
|
2022-02-09T04:00:42.469Z
|
88,276,763 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.24831/JAI.V41I2.7524",
"MAG": "2280286408",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The RNA silencing technique is an effective tool to examine the biological function of the target mRNA in plants. The recent development of GATEWAYTM cloning technology makes it easy to construct the RNAi vectors with trigger sequences and to analyze the function of a target gene. The objective of this research was to construct RNAi including the 3’UTR fragment of the gene coding plasma membrane H+-ATPase from Melastoma malabathricumL., 3’UTRMmpma. RNAi vector had been successfully constructed using GATEWAYTM cloning technology with the 3’UTRMmpma was used as double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) trigger sequence, pENTRTM/D-TOPO®as entry vector, and pANDA plasmid as destination vector. RNAi had been successfully introduced into M. malabathricumL. mediated by A. tumefaciensEHA101 to analyze the function of Mmpma gene in the detoxifying Al stress. Based on the test of transgenic plants tolerance to Al stress showed that in the nutrient solution including 3.2 mM Al (AlCl3.6H2O), the transgenic plants underwent growth suppression especially roots and leaves, whereas non-transgenic plants underwent growth normally. It showed that suppression of Mmpmagene expression by RNAi to M. malabathricumL. caused the plant became sensitive to Al. Keywords: 3’UTRMmpma, A. tumefaciens, Al stress, RNAi vector
|
2022-02-10T20:39:46.487Z
|
247,653,397 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.29407/js_unpgri.v7i2.15716",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYSA",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://ojs.unpkediri.ac.id/index.php/pjk/article/download/15716/2197"
}
|
The purpose of this study is to describe the e-sports view of an athlete, the athlete in question is someone who is engaged in sports involving physical activity and movement with national scale achievements. The method in this research is observational with a quantitative descriptive design. The sample in this study amounted to 158 National athletes of Riau Province. The sampling technique represents all sports in Riau Province which are selected based on being in the appropriate situation, time, and place, with the purposive sampling technique. In this study, using a questionnaire instrument with a Likert scale, there were four category assessments, namely strongly agree, agree, disagree, strongly disagree. The data analysis used is a survey method carried out with a questionnaire and the scores obtained and an analysis of the e-sport category using the SPSS 25 application. The results reveal that sportsmen view e-sport as a sport even though there is no strenuous physical activity but there is light physical activity in it. especially in motor movement. The percentage acquisition of 14.6% is good. Then in the sufficient category, the percentage is 25.9%. While the moderate category of the presentation was 30.4%. For the category less the percentage is 20.9%. For the last category is bad 8.2%. The results reveal that sportsmen agree that e-sport is a sport. The results of the study are expected to be able to solve perceptions about e-sport in which there is no physical activity in it, which is a sport.
|
2022-09-12T02:02:32.146Z
|
34,067,085 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.2042-7158.1979.tb13659.x",
"MAG": "2011972354",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
It has been known for some time that biogenic amines (namely, noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). dopamine and histamine) produce a depressant effect on cerebral cortical and other central neurons (Krjevic & Phillis 1963; Phillis 1970; Yarbrough et a1 1974). The studies investigating the underlying mechanisms of biogenic amine action on neurons have suggested that amines may inhibit neurons by stimulating an electrogenic ion pump (Phillis 1976; Phillis et al 1978). Sastry & Phillis (1977) have shown that biogenic amine-induced depression of cerebral cortical neurons can be antagonized by (Na+-K+)-ATPase inhibitors and suggested that a major component of depressant action of monoamines may result from stimulation of an electrogenic (Na+-K+)-ATPase, an enzyme known to be associated with sodium pumping. The biogenic amine-induced activation of (Na+-K+)ATPase has been well documented (Schaefer et al 1972; Yoshimura 1973; Godfraind et al 1974; Lee & Phillis 1977; Phillis et al 1978). The mechanism by which noradrenaline exerts its effect on the (Na+-K+)-ATPase has also been examined. Noradrenaline stimulation o(Na+-K+)-ATPase is antagonized by both aand pt adrenoceptor blockers (Iwangoff et al 1974; Gilberf et al 1975; Wu & Phillis 1978) indicating that aand 8-adrenoceptors might be involved in the noradrenaline stimulation of (Na+-K+)-ATPase. The possibilities that 5-HT exerts its action on central neurons by a similar mechanism, namely, the stimulation of (Na+-K+)ATPase, therefore warrant consideration. 5-HT activates brain (Na+-K+)-ATPase (Logan & O'Donovan 1976: Lee & Phillis 1977). However, the underlying mechanism(s) by which it does so are still poorly understood.
|
2022-09-14T13:58:17.308Z
|
237,330,940 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/PVSC43889.2021.9519123",
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}
|
P3HT:PCBM layers deposited on PET/ITO flexible substrates were subjected to increasing tensile deformations to elucidate the interaction between mechanical and electrical properties as strains surpass the elastic region. Micrographs after tensile experiments showed that cracks start to form (up to 1 nm of thickness) when the unitary strain surpass 0.648%, which is the crack onset strain (COS). Coupled electrical measurements showed that electric conduction degrades as the crack density increases. COS determination is crucial for a reliable application of these layers on the fabrication of flexible photovoltaic solar cells, because manufacturing techniques, such as roll-to-roll, evolve tensioning the layers.
|
2022-09-30T07:51:15.457Z
|
169,154,979 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2139/ssrn.424962",
"MAG": "2891714507",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13543/1/3.pdf"
}
|
We analyze the effect of concealing limit order traders’ identities on market liquidity. We develop a model in which limit order traders have asymmetric information on the cost of limit order trading (which is determined by the exposure to informed trading). A thin limit order book signals to uninformed bidders that the profitability of limit orders is small. This deters uninformed bidders from improving upon the posted quotes. Informed bidders exploit this effect by bidding as if the cost of liquidity provision were large when indeed it is small. This bluffing strategy is less effective when traders cannot distinguish between informative and uninformative limit orders. Hence informed bidders act more competitively in the anonymous market. For this reason, concealing limit order traders’ IDS affects market liquidity in our model. We test this prediction using a natural experiment. On April 23, 2001, the limit order book for stocks listed on Euronext Paris became anonymous. We find that following this change, the average quoted spreads declined significantly whereas the quoted depth decreased.
|
2022-12-04T16:50:58.618Z
|
202,734,433 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "1909.10795",
"DOI": "10.1063/1.5129860",
"MAG": "2977086474",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://aip.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1063/1.5129860"
}
|
We introduce a wide field hyperspectral microscope using the Fourier-transform approach. The interferometer is based on the Translating-Wedge-Based Identical Pulses eNcoding System (TWINS) [Opt. Lett. 37, 3027 (2012)], a common-path birefringent interferometer which combines compactness, intrinsic interferometric delay precision, long-term stability and insensitivity to vibrations. We describe three different implementations of our system: two prototypes designed to test different optical schemes and an add-on for a commercial microscope. We show high-quality spectral microscopy of the fluorescence from stained cells and powders of inorganic pigments, demonstrating that the device is suited to biology and materials science. We demonstrate the acquisition of a 1Mpixel hyperspectral image in 75 seconds in the spectral range from 400 to 1100 nm. We also introduce an acquisition method which synthesizes a tunable spectral filter, providing band-passed images by the measurement of only two maps.
|
2022-12-10T09:39:02.391Z
|
73,692,326 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4102/SAJHRM.V9I1.331",
"MAG": "2052193770",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Orientation: Call centres have become principal channels of communication with customers. Therefore, companies attempt to reduce costs and improve the quality of their interactions with customers simultaneously. These objectives are often conflicting and call centre managers struggle to balance the efficiency and quality priorities of the business. Research purpose: This study explored the key performance indicators that drive management practices in the South African call centre industry in the context of the dilemma between efficiency and quality. Motivation for the study: The South African government has identified call centres as a method of creating jobs and foreign investment. Management practices affect centres’ performance. Understanding these practices will help to achieve these aims. Research design: The researchers used a web-based questionnaire in a survey with South African call centre managers in more than 44 different organisations that represented nine industry sectors. Main findings: This study indicated that the dilemma between efficiency and quality is prevalent in South African call centres and that efficiency key performance indicators drive management practices. Practical/managerial implications: The inconsistencies the study reported mean that South African organisations should assess the alignment between their organisational visions, the strategic intentions of their call centres and the performance measures they use to assess their call centre managers. Contribution/value-add: This study adds to the relatively small amount of empirical research available on the call centre industry in South Africa. It contributes to the industry’s attempt to position itself favourably for local and international outsourcing opportunities.
|
2022-12-21T01:22:55.669Z
|
204,817,885 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICECCT.2019.8869127",
"MAG": "2981071913",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this paper, the objective is to make an unique microstrip patch antenna for 24GHz ISM application by modified dumbbell shaped patch with defective ground structure. ISM stands for Industrial, Scientific and Medical. The conventional circular patch has been modified resulting a dumbbell shape. Then some perturbation has been made so that the patch can be used for ISM band .The proposed design has been assembled on Roger RT/Duroid 5880 having the dimensions 10mm×9mm×0.32mm. The structure is constructed and the simulated result has been presented. The simulation of the proposed patch is done by using HFSS (high frequency structure simulator ) software which uses finite element method .From the simulation parameters like antenna gain , directivity , S-parameter, VSWR etc. have been determined.
|
2022-01-27T01:54:24.360Z
|
98,165,661 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18452/16578",
"MAG": "2096154718",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Die Phosphorylierung als posttranslationale Modifikation von Proteinen spielt bei Signalwegen in Zellen eine grose Rolle. Fur die Entschlusselung des molekularen Mechanismus der circadianen Uhr ist es daher von Interesse, die Phosphorylierungsstellen beteiligter Proteine zu identifizieren. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden die Proteine Period I und II mittels Flussigkeitschromatographie und Tandemmassenspektrometrie (LC-MS/MS) auf Phosphorylierungsstellen untersucht. Hierbei lag der Fokus auf der Verbesserung bestehender Methoden, um eine bessere und umfassendere Identifizierung der Phosphorylierungsstellen, insbesondere in Bezug auf mehrfach phosphorylierte Peptide, zu erreichen. Der Arbeitsablauf beinhaltete die Verwendung mehrerer Proteasen, um eine hohe Sequenzabdeckung des Proteins zu erreichen. Nach der Proteolyse wurden die Phosphopeptide mittels Titandioxid angereichert. Hierbei und bei der LC-MS/MS-Analyse wurde Citrat als Additiv verwendet, welches eine bessere Chromatographie multiphosphorylierter Peptide ermoglicht. Bei der MS/MS-Analyse wurden CID und ETD als Fragmentierungsmethoden eingesetzt. Es konnten durch diese Methodik 30 bzw. 42 Phosphorylierungsstellen an den Proteinen Period I und II identifiziert werden, von denen 26 bzw. 14 zuvor nicht beschrieben waren. Nach der qualitativen Identifizierung wurden quantitative Varianten der optimierten Analytik untersucht, um die biologische Funktion der gefundenen Phosphorylierungsstellen untersuchen zu konnen. Hierbei wurden das metabolische Labeling der Zellen mit 15N-stickstoffhaltigen Aminosauren und die saurekatalysierte Isotopenmarkierung auf Peptidebene mit 18O-Sauerstoff untersucht. Mit einer optimierten Variante der saurekatalysierten Isotopenmarkierung mit 18O-Sauerstoff lassen sich die Carboxygruppen der Peptide in 5h 30min mit einer Rate von >97% 18O-Sauerstoff markieren. Mit dieser Methode konnen weitere funktionelle Untersuchungen der Phosphorylierung an den Period-Proteinen durchgefuhrt werden.%%%%Protein phosphorylation, a posttranslational modification, plays an important role in signal cascades in cells. In order to understand the molecular mechanism of the circadian clock, it is thus of interest to identify the phosphorylation sites on proteins contributing to the system. During the work for this thesis, the proteins Period I and II were analyzed for phosphorylation sites with liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Hereby the focus was on improving existing methods in order to better identify multi-phosphorylated peptides. In the workflow, the Period proteins were digested with several proteases in order to archive a high sequence coverage for analysis. After proteolysis the phosphopeptides were subsequently enriched with titanium dioxide. During phosphopeptide enrichment and reversed phase chromatography, citrate was used as an additive for a better chromatography and recovery of multiphosphorylated peptides. During LC-MS/MS analysis, CID and ETD were used as fragmentation mechanisms in…
|
2022-02-10T12:53:16.278Z
|
35,109,775 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1248/CPB.41.1312",
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Dynorphin A derivatives containing S-(3-nitro-2-pyridinesulfenyl)-cysteine(Cys(Npys)) were designed and synthesized for affinity labeling of kappa opioid receptors. Derivatives with Cys(Npys) residue at the 8 position were highly potent and specific to kappa receptors and bound to receptors through disulfide bond formation.
|
2022-02-12T08:46:11.437Z
|
43,200,883 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.7166/19-1-110",
"MAG": "2150301206",
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},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "http://sajie.journals.ac.za/pub/article/download/110/106"
}
|
This paper discusses an algorithm incorporating a knowledge-based vision system into an industrial robot system for handling parts intelligently. A continuous fuzzy controller was employed to extract boundary information in a computationally efficient way. The developed algorithm for on-line part recognition using fuzzy logic is shown to be an effective solution to extract the geometric features of objects. The proposed edge vector representation method provides enough geometric information and facilitates the object geometric reconstruction for gripping planning. Furthermore, a part-handling model was created by extracting the grasp features from the geometric features. OPSOMMING Hierdie artikel beskryf ‘n kennis-gebaseerde visiesisteemalgoritme wat in ’n industriёle robotsisteem ingesluit word om sodoende intelligente komponenthantering te bewerkstellig. ’n Kontinue wasige beheerder is gebruik om allerlei objekinligting deur middel van ’n effektiewe berekeningsmetode te bepaal. Die ontwikkelde algoritme vir aan-lyn komponentherkenning maak gebruik van wasige logika en word bewys as ’n effektiewe metode om geometriese inligting van objekte te bepaal. Die voorgestelde grensvektormetode verskaf voldoende inligting en maak geometriese rekonstruksie van die objek moontlik om greepbeplanning te kan doen. Voorts is ’n komponenthanteringsmodel ontwikkel deur die grypkenmerke af te lei uit die geometriese eienskappe.
|
2022-02-12T02:16:15.778Z
|
32,961,340 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1210/ENDO-91-1-262",
"MAG": "2079147486",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Freshly prepared extracts of rat, dog and human pituitaries filtered on Sephadex G–200 exhibited two distinct peaks of growth hormone (GH) immunoreactivity. The majority of GH had an elution vol similar to that of purified GH, but a small fraction (one percent or less of the total GH) was eluted just after the void vol. Its large molecular size was confirmed on Sepharose 4B gel filtration. No immunologic dissimilarity was observed between the two forms of the hormone. The large molecular sized GH (LGH) could not be converted into the smaller molecular sized GH (SGH) by sonication or trypsin treatment, but was converted by exposure to guanidine. Synthesis of LGH was studied in vitro in both rat pituitaries and in the GH producing rat pituitary tumor, MtT4. A much higher SA of LGH as compared to SGH was observed, indicating a more rapid turnover of LGH. Although the conversion of LGH to SGH within the pituitary could not be demonstrated, and LGH was not secreted per se, LGH was shown to be a precursor of SG...
|
2022-09-15T03:47:15.120Z
|
128,911,833 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2113/GSECONGEO.66.4.574",
"MAG": "2120833421",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Sr/Rb whole rock ages for Precambrian Kalkadoon granite and Sybella granite, multistage development of conformable lead-zinc-silver deposit at least 1800-1930 m.y. ago, Queensland
|
2022-09-15T07:25:32.255Z
|
119,852,903 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S0305004100022052",
"MAG": "1965171153",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
1. The postulation of a multiple curve for primals of sufficiently large order in space of any number of dimensions has been obtained recently by J. A. Todd, by a simple and elegant degeneration argument which, however, is not deemed to be a conclusive proof by the author himself. And, indeed, in order to make sure of the unconditional validity of such an argument, one should ascertain whether (i) the postulation θk of an irreducible non-singular curve ϲ, of order c and genus p, for the primals of sufficiently large order n of [r + 2] (r ≥ 1), required to go through it with multiplicity k (≥ 1), is a function of k, c, p, n, r only; (ii) it is possible, by means of a continuous variation of ϲ, to reduce this curve to connected polygon ϲ′ having the same virtual characters as ϲ, in such a way that each intermediate position of ϲ is still irreducible and non-singular; (iii) the postulation θk of ϲ equals the similarly defined postulation of ϲ′.
|
2022-09-15T10:36:53.631Z
|
85,155,379 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/00222930010023466",
"MAG": "2053131351",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The last instar larvae of Bibio brunnipes (Fabricius), Bibio rufipes (Zetterstedt), Bibio siebkei Mik, Bibio varipes Meigen and Dilophus borealis Skartveit are described. The last instar larvae of Bibio clavipes Meigen, Bibio marci (L.), Bibio hortulanus (L.), Bibio leucopterus Meigen, Bibio johannis (L.), Bibio nigriventris Haliday, Bibio pomonae (Fabricius), Dilophus febrilis (L.) and Dilophus femoratus Meigen are redescribed. The morphology of earlier instars is commented on for those species of which material of earlier instars has been available. A key to the hitherto known European species is presented. The ecology of the larvae is briefly discussed.
|
2022-09-05T14:10:07.896Z
|
246,426,627 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.24043/isj.368",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://estudogeral.sib.uc.pt/bitstream/10316/35314/1/Civil%20participation%20between%20private%20and%20public%20spheres.pdf"
}
|
This paper discusses civic participation with reference to fishing communities in the Azores archipelago, Portugal. We explore how concepts and political processes actively exclude people, and how researchers could dig deeper to find opportunities to build from diverse cultural practices of participation. Specifically, we describe examples of efforts towards participatory sustainable development as well as introduce a centuries-old highly participatory practice of sharing food. The rituals of the Cult of the Holy Spirit, based on sharing and justice, are an example of strong civic engagement rich with possibility from which to build alternatives to current forms of participation for fisheries governance. We suggest that islands offer understandings of human social interactions in ways that larger landmasses might not. This is a call for reflection on images underlying our understandings of participation and governing the sea commons, and looking more closely at islanders and their long held practices.
|
2022-11-11T08:11:35.202Z
|
721,491 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2169/internalmedicine.56.8158",
"MAG": "2733478444",
"PubMedCentral": "5519479"
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/internalmedicine/56/13/56_56.8158/_pdf"
}
|
A 60-year-old man was referred to us with high levels of aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). He did not complain of any symptoms; however, he had been diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation, even though his back pain improved only to half of its previous level with pregabalin. Thus, we asked about the red flag of back pain and confirmed that he had involuntary body weight loss, which led us to diagnose truly non-secretory multiple myeloma, a variant of multiple myeloma that is associated with M-protein negativity and a normal serum free light chain level.
|
2022-12-12T09:40:04.987Z
|
25,526,908 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/J.1399-302X.1994.TB00072.X",
"MAG": "2042687127",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We have previously described a T helper cell 2-type clone, A3, of rat T cells that provides help for antibody production to Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in vitro and in vivo in normal (euthymic) isogeneic Rowett strain recipient rats. Adoptive transfer of this T helper cell clone to euthymic rats also protects them from periodontal bone loss induced by oral infection with A. actinomycetemcomitans. In the present study, to assess the cell requirement for protection, A3 clone T lymphocytes (10(6)) or naive lymph node (6 x 10(4)) T cells, or A3 plus naive lymph node T cells (6 x 10(4)) were adoptively transferred to groups (n = 7-9) of 30-day-old Rowett athymic nude (rnu/rnu) rats. All recipients were also immunized (intraperitoneally) with 10(7) killed A. actinomycetemcomitans on the day of T cell transfer and orally infected with these bacteria on each of the next 5 days. Recipients of the combined A3+lymph node T cell transfer showed significantly increased serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibody to A. actinomycetemcomitans and in vitro proliferation of spleen lymphocytes to A. actinomycetemcomitans as antigen compared with nude animals receiving lymph node T cells only. Although other possibilities are discussed, we inferred that these differences might be due to successful population of the congenitally athymic rats by A3 clone cells given with a small number of normal autologous naive lymph node T cells. The result of this co-transfer of naive T cells with the A3 clone cells seemed to be greatly increased antibody production and protection from periodontal bone loss.
|
2022-12-17T12:56:56.289Z
|
140,136,633 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5860/choice.187551",
"MAG": "1523531502",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
List of Illustrations Foreword Paul Farmer Preface Acknowledgments 1. Introduction: A World Transformed Part I. The Beginning of the Encounter: The Soviet World Meets Its Global Counterparts 2. Health in the Time of the USSR: A Window into the Communist Moral World 3. Seeking Help at the End of Empire: A Transnational Lifeline for Badakhshan Part II. Life at the End of Empire: The Crisis and the Response 4. The Health Crisis in Badakhshan: Sickness and Misery at the End of Empire 5. Minding the Gap? The Revolving Drug Fund Part III. Transplanting Ideology: Village Health Meets the Global Economy 6. Bretton Woods to Bamako: How Free-Market Orthodoxy Infiltrated the International Aid Movement 7. From Bamako to Badakhshan: Neoliberalism's Transplanting Mechanism Part IV. The Aftermath: Neoliberal Success, Global Health Failure 8. Privatizing Health Services: Reforming the Old World 9. Revealing the Blind Spot: Outcomes That Matter 10. Epilogue: Reframing the Moral Dimensions of Engagement Notes Bibliography Index
|
2022-12-18T10:53:06.235Z
|
37,090,809 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2174/157489110791233496",
"MAG": "1985274423",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In the early 1900s, passive immunization/antibody therapy was used to treat a variety of human ailments such as hypoimmunoglobulinemia, cancer and infectious disease. The advent of antibiotic therapy had relegated this type of therapy obsolete for treatment of infectious diseases. Emergence of multi-drug resistant pathogens along with novel monoclonal antibody production techniques has rekindled the interest in passive immunization (PI). An increase in the number of monoclonal antibody patent applications in the recent past suggests a renewed commercial interest in PI. Despite these developments, antibody therapy for infectious diseases has limitations including the need for large or frequent dosages. P4, a 28-amino acid peptide is a multi-lineage cellular activator. P4, along with infectious disease (i.e. Pathogen) specific immunoglobulin, has been shown in vitro and in vivo in mice to potentiate innate immunity. This review will discuss the progress made in passive antibody therapy, the challenges still to be surmounted, and the potential expanded role of an immune-potentiating peptide (bio-molecule) in the quest to utilize and revitalize passive immunization.
|
2022-12-18T13:08:08.562Z
|
167,209,623 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/and.13320",
"MAG": "2947477874",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/and.13320"
}
|
Docetaxel (DTX) has been used in cancer treatments for several decades, but it results in many adverse apoptotic effects through excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in some tissue including the kidney and testes. We aimed to investigate potential modulatory roles of melatonin (MEL) and selenium (Se) against DTX‐induced apoptosis and oxidative injury in the testes and kidney of mice. Thirty‐two mice were divided into four equal groups as control, DTX, DTX + MEL and DTX + Se. DTX group was treated with a single intraperitoneal dose of DTX. After DTX treatment, MEL and Se were administered to the mice in the DTX + MEL and DTX + Se groups for 7 days respectively. Increased lipid peroxidation, ROS, apoptosis, caspase‐3 and caspase‐9 activities in the kidney and testes of the DTX group were diminished by treatment with MEL and Se. DTX‐induced decreases in vitamin E (α‐ and γ‐tocopherol), glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione levels in the kidney and testis were increased following MEL and Se treatments. In conclusion, our data show that MEL and Se can act as modulators against DTX‐induced apoptosis and oxidative damage in the kidney and testis through up‐regulation of glutathione and vitamin E and down‐regulation of caspase pathways.
|
2022-12-30T00:32:15.988Z
|
190,220,882 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3997/2214-4609.201901834",
"MAG": "2948016151",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Summary A horizontal well was planned to be placed in two target intervals within limestone formation. The pre-job study was performed to identify the best fit LWD technology for the two target intervals. Due to the difference in properties, different measurements and technologies were chosen. The application of the carefully chosen technologies proved their effectiveness and relevance and enabled successful geosteering, improved structural behavior understanding and made it possible to evaluate petrophysical properties of the reservoir rock in real time.
|
2022-02-08T09:30:33.363Z
|
52,957,497 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.22454/FamMed.2018.231112",
"MAG": "2895004321",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
HOW THE TIMES ARE CHANGING Afew years ago looking for an equipment technician was one of the toughest tasks to accomplish in our industry. Why? Quite frankly, because there were so few of them. I don't know if this has changed today, but one thing I am certain of is the role is attracting a new audience. Recently, I began searching for an assistant technician at our facility and anticipated a long process with one to four candidates. Well, it's still a long process, but made more challenging because the number of candidates has quadrupled. What's interesting is many of these candidates are superintendents. At least half of the 15 applications I received are from former superintendents. Most of them cite the economy and the tough job market and their desire to remain in the industry but go in a different direction. Here's another good indicator of this trend. When the economy sinks, college enrollment spikes because more people seek training for new careers. This year, Florida's Lake City Community College has between 13 to 15 technicians enrolled in class, whereas a few years back they have had three to five students. A few years ago the IGCEMA called for an industry meeting where we invited instructors, manufacturers, associations and equipment distributors to discuss the "future of technicians" program. This meeting, designed to compel the industry to push the equipment manager or equipment technician as a viable career path, was put together due to the severe lack of technicians in our industry. At that time we asked whether there were too many assistant superintendents in the industry, and was it possible to attract some of these individuals to the technician's field? While at the time this seemed unlikely, now it seems to have become a reality. One thing is evident: Despite any change in the amount of interest in technician job openings, this side of our industry still needs qualified equipment managers. We still see more equipment technicians retiring every year then coming into the industry and the need for educated technicians is even greater. The transition from being a superintendent to an equipment technician is not a seamless process. Individuals must understand ever-changing technology and the expectation that doing more with less is now a requirement. It's important that proper training is available to ensure success. Employee numbers are dwindling and managers are taking on more and more responsibility to fill those gaps. Superintendents who decide to transition to the equipment side of our industry need to pursue the proper education and have the required interest level to succeed in the field. With business models changing it's easy to get in the mind-set that the expectations are lower since we don't have the same budgets that we have had
|
2022-07-09T02:41:07.009Z
|
99,576,029 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/POC.3479",
"MAG": "2514600358",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The effect of metal ions (Mn+ = Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Zn2+ and hydrated Mg2+ ions) and water molecules on the tautomerism of adenine induced by single intramolecular proton transfer (SPT) have been investigated theoretically. Calculated results show that the single proton transfer process in adenine base is favored and even becomes thermodynamically spontaneous because of the presence of Mn+ interacting at the N3 position of adenine. On the contrary, if Mn+ coordinated to N7 site, the single proton transfer process will become unfavorable than that in the neutral system. The effects of metal ions on the SPT of adenine base are more pronounced if Lewis acidity of metal ion is increased. Water plays a more important role than metal ions during the SPT process. It is found that water can act not only as a solvent but also as a mediator which gives and accepts protons to promote SPT, playing a bridge role. As a result, inclusion of a water molecule drastically reduces the energy barrier for the SPT. Moreover, two water molecules can yield larger assisting effect on the SPTs compared with one water molecule. We can conclude that the tautomerism of DNA adenine base can be modulated by the metal ions and water molecules. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
|
2022-07-11T04:55:47.369Z
|
45,805,346 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/014556131109000908",
"MAG": "2408022032",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/014556131109000908"
}
|
A petrified auricle is a rare condition in which the structure becomes partially or completely rigid. It arises as a consequence of calcification or ossification of the auricular cartilage. An ossified auricle is much more rare than a calcified cartilage, and it can be diagnosed only by histology. To the best of our knowledge, only 18 cases of ossification of the auricle have been previously reported in the literature. We report a new case of auricular ossification in a 72-year-old woman who had taken calcium for the previous 8 years. We also review the relevant literature.
|
2022-10-28T00:20:09.985Z
|
71,385,585 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1365-2044.1987.tb04060.x",
"MAG": "1993870340",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1987.tb04060.x"
}
|
The whole question of training for a career in intensive therapy has been thrown into sharp focus by the recent leading article in your journal and Dr Stoddart is to be congratulated on re-opening the debate on this important issue. That there is a need to improve standards of training is not in dispute. There must always be room for improvement. The proposed training scheme is not, however, the correct way forward. It is proposed initially to create two posts a t Senior Registrar level for individuals who have been accredited in their parent specialty. These trainees would expect to train for an additional 2 years before taking up posts with a large intensive therapy sessional commitment. It is difficult to see what such a scheme would achieve except to produce a small elite. The creation of as many as a dozen such training posts would, I contend, have little impact on the overall level of patient care, even if it is assumed that suitable Consultant posts could be found. The need is much more mundane, and that is for the intensive therapy content of training posts at Senior Registrar level to be increased generally. The ability to manage critically ill patients is essential even for those who d o not seek a career in this field. A very large number of anaesthetists are, and will continue to be, directly involved in managing critically ill patients and this needs to be recognised. Our efforts should be directed to improving their training and I am concerned that the training programmes suggested will serve merely to reduce their opportunities. The Faculty of Anaesthetists has tried to include intensive therapy in the curriculum of every trainee and many posts offer excellent training in this field, whilst a few offer only limited experience. This is probably as it should be since trainees do not all have the same aspirations, but posts that offer experience in intensive therapy should be recognised and any expansion of the training programme should centre on them, with consequent benefit to large numbers of trainees and their future patients. It is to be hoped that representatives of the Faculty of Anaesthetists will continue to meet with the Liaison Group but they should, in my view, be stating clearly that the scheme presently being discussed is not acceptable.
|
2022-11-18T01:14:58.695Z
|
254,176,370 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.34115/basrv6n6-007",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://ojs.brazilianjournals.com.br/ojs/index.php/BASR/article/download/54581/40343"
}
|
Este trabalho desenvolveu a construção de geometrias modeladas através de Elementos Finitos (FEM) ante a construção dos núcleos do estator de um motor do tipo fluxo axial, este tipo de máquina que, compõe-se de materiais ferromagnéticos, produzidos a partir da metalurgia do pó. O núcleo, comumente construído de chapas laminadas, norteia a possibilidade dos materiais SMC’s (Soft Magnetic Composites) como alternativa ao laminado de grão não-orientado. Desta forma, o modelo computacional vem a levantar os comportamentos e geometria da máquina. Foi utilizado o software ANSYS ELETRONICS, de maneira a efetuar a simulação e, validar os parâmetros apurados das caracterizações, visando futura aplicação a uma máquina elétrica de fluxo axial do tipo YASA (Yokeless and Segmented Armature). Como resultados, desenvolveram-se núcleos e, demais geometrias visando-se a validação do uso da tecnologia e confirmação de parâmetros tridimensionais, a partir das caracterizações, o qual auxiliará na composição total do estator da máquina elétrica, tem-se que, para região de 7500 A/m as variações de B ficaram entre 1,5 e 1,42 T, para Somaloy® 1P, 1,55 e 1,25 T, para Somaloy® 3P, e, 1,42 e 1,35 T para Somaloy® 5P.
|
2022-12-10T09:10:19.157Z
|
117,511,637 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.7567/JJAP.54.081001",
"MAG": "1579588627",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This study reports on the growth and characterization of AlN/AlxGa1−xN superlattices (SLs) for reduction of threading dislocations to grow high quality AlN layer. Insertion of optimized SLs is shown to effectively reduce the dislocation density, there by resulting in a high crystal quality 2.5-µm-thick AlN layer. It was found that full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of X-ray rocking curves (XRCs) around both (0002) and diffraction were decreased to 230 and 420, respectively. The results of XRC FWHM and dislocation densities from etch pit density (EPD) by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs are in a good agreement. This high quality and low dislocation density AlN layer is of key importance for high efficiency deep-UV light emitting diodes and power devices.
|
2022-12-15T18:00:46.575Z
|
20,432,177 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TVT.2011.2174168",
"MAG": "2054725072",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper presents a fractional system composed of a sprung mass and a suspension device with fractional impedance (fractance for short). More precisely, this fractance is a fractional integrator. Practical realizations of this fractional integrator based on hydropneumatic RC cells are presented in a limited frequency band. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the influence of the hydropneumatic RC cell nonlinearities, which constitute the hydropneumatic networks of the CRONE suspension, on the stability degree robustness when varying the sprung mass. First, the achievement of a nonlinear validation model is emphasized, and then, a linear synthesis model is presented. These two models are used in the second part of this paper to analyze the obtained performances and to show the influence of the nonlinearities. This analysis of performances is made first from a qualitative standpoint using the functional domain of each Ri and Ci element and then from the quantitative standpoint using the Volterra series. In fact, the difference between the response of the nonlinear model and the one of the first-order kernel (which represents the linear response of the system) allows the determination of the influence of the nonlinearities on the dynamic behavior for a particular signal input. The results obtained show that the RC cell nonlinearities composing the hydropneumatic networks of the CRONE suspension do not modify the stability degree robustness versus sprung mass variations, thus extending in a nonlinear context this robustness that is present in the linear context.
|
2022-12-18T06:54:08.395Z
|
128,840,104 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1029/90TC02685",
"MAG": "2123479961",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The Haiyuan area, located along the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau in north central China, provides a laboratory for studying how the plateau has grown in late Cenozoic time. Rocks in the area range from pre-Silurian (Precambrian?) to Recent; the pre-Silurian and Cenozoic rocks form the most extensive outcrops. The pre-Silurian rocks consist of amphibolite- and greenschist-grade metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks unconformably overlain by Silurian and Devonian red beds. All of these rocks are intruded by granodiorite of unknown age. Cenozoic rocks consist of 2.6–3.0 km of Eocene to Miocene red beds that were deposited over an extensive area in this part of China. Pliocene conglomerate contains clasts from all older formations and is interpreted to have been derived from highlands developed during the beginning of Cenozoic deformation in the Haiyuan area. Except for the widespread loess deposits, Quaternary rocks reflect deposition in local tectonic environments. The oldest Cenozoic structures in the Haiyuan area are folds and small thrust faults that generally strike N30°–45°W and involve mostly pre-Quaternary rocks. These structures and all the Quaternary rocks are cut by the Haiyuan left-lateral strike-slip (left-slip) fault zone that generally trends N60°–65°W and is nearly vertical. At the western end of the mapped area a fault zone, which strikes N75°–90°W, forms a left-stepping transfer zone that connects with another segment of the Haiyuan fault zone, which continues N60°–65°W west into Gansu Province. A small basin, the Salt Lake Basin, is marked by active faults in the area of the transfer zone and is interpreted as a pull-apart basin along the left-slip Haiyuan fault zone. At its eastern end the Haiyuan fault zone has an irregular surface trace; east of Luzigou an active fault striking N35°–45°W branches to the south. This southern branch appears to be a younger fault and now accommodates most of the left-slip deformation that formerly occurred on the easternmost part of the Haiyuan fault zone. This younger fault connects through a left-stepping transfer zone to a parallel fault, the Xiaokou fault, that can be traced into the Liupan Shan about 60 km to the southeast. The Laohuyaoxian Basin is interpreted as a very young pull-apart basin in the area of the transfer zone. Matching different geological features across the Haiyuan fault zone yields a total left-slip offset of between 10.5 and 15.5 km, and the best constrained offsets yield 12.9–14.8 km. If left slip began near the end of the Pliocene time or earliest Pleistocene time, it indicates an average slip rate between 5 and 10 mm/yr. Progressively smaller offsets can be determined on progressively younger geological features, but dates for these younger features are too imprecise to constrain slip rates through time. Surface ruptures that formed during the 1920 Haiyuan earthquake (M = 8.7) show mostly left-slip displacement with magnitudes of more than 10 m in some places. Active faulting in the region suggests the Tibetan Plateau may be extending to the northeast in time. In the Haiyuan area, deformation probably began in Pliocene time, compared with a likely earlier initiation to the southwest; thus deformation began about 40–45 m.y. after collision between India and Asia. Formation of the low ranges to the northeast of the Haiyuan area, however, may have developed at different times and deformation may not have propagated regularly to the northeast. A total displacement of 10.5–15.5 km on the Haiyuan fault zone indicates that this fault zone does not accommodate large-scale eastward lateral transfer of continental fragments in the northern Tibetan Plateau.
|
2022-12-30T15:54:41.959Z
|
97,102,515 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19970131)63:5<643::AID-APP12>3.0.CO;2-V",
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|
Copolymerization of glycolide (GA) and 6(R,S)-methylmorpholine-2,5-dione (MMD ) was carried out in bulk using stannous octoate as an initiator. The effects of temperature, time, concentration of stannous octoate, and the feed composition on the copolymerization were investigated. DSC analysis showed that glass transition temperature (T g ) of the resulting copolymers ( PGM ) increased with increase of MMD content in the copolymers, while melting temperature (T m ) and heat of fusion (ΔH) decreased. In vitro degradation was performed in two media: PBS buffer (pH 7.4) and distilled water (pH 6.8). It showed that the erosion rates increased with increasing MMD content in the original copolymers, and the degradation proceeded more rapidly in PBS buffer than in distilled water. Based on the changes of composition and crystallinity of the samples during the degradation, it is suggested that the degradation proceeded through two main stages: first, mainly in amorphous regions and then in crystalline ones.
|
2022-08-19T12:42:35.952Z
|
132,118,084 |
{
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"DOI": "10.18356/943E4968-EN-FR",
"MAG": "2598383882",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
AGREEMENT FOR THE AVOIDANCE OF DOUBLE TAXATION AND THE PREVENTION OF FISCAL EVASION WITH RESPECT TO TAXES ON INCOME IMPOSED IN THE UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA AND IN BASUTOLAND BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA AND THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND. CAPE TOWN, 18 JUNE 1959 [United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 380, I-5450.]
|
2022-02-09T13:40:49.853Z
|
6,643,341 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1109/ICOLIM.2014.6934390",
"MAG": "2039271935",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
With the introduction of Quality Regulation in German electricity distribution networks in 2012, interruptions of supply in medium and low voltage networks have had direct impact on the approved revenues for both the medium and large sized electricity network operators in Germany. Live Working can minimize planned interruptions of supply and is an important factor in meeting the quality requirements of the German Regulator (Bundesnetzagentur, BNA). It thereby avoids deduction from the individual network revenues. In this document, experiences of Bayernwerk AG - a distribution company of the E.ON Group in Germany - regarding the impacts of Quality Regulation on the profitability of Live Working are addressed. This includes the following: - Principles of the Quality Regulation as part of the Incentive Regulation in Germany - Influences on Live Working in low and medium voltage networks - Consequences and further developments.
|
2022-02-13T09:48:54.123Z
|
81,718,439 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.30979/REV.ABENO.V18I3.578",
"MAG": "2893906181",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer a opinião de cirurgiões-dentistas sobre a atividade de preceptoria desempenhada por eles nos estágios curriculares 1, 2 e 3 do curso de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, realizados em unidades da Atenção Básica à Saúde no município de Recife. Realizou-se estudo descritivo e de abordagem quantitativa. De um universo de 36 cirurgiões-dentistas foram incluídos aqueles com no mínimo um ano de experiência como preceptor. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se formulário de entrevista semiestruturada, submetido à validação de face e aplicado face a face. Todos os 26 preceptores que atenderam ao critério de inclusão foram entrevistados, sendo 80,8% mulheres; 92,3% com vínculo de trabalho efetivo; 96,2% pós-graduados, sendo 80,2% deles especialistas em Saúde da Família. Apenas 15,4% recebiam incentivos para preceptoria, mas não estavam satisfeitos; 11,2% receberam formação em preceptoria; 92,3% demandaram capacitação para exercê-la; 69,2% atuaram nos três tipos de estágios. Prevaleceu (76,3%) a preferência por atuar no estágio 3 (clínico) do que nos dois outros (extra-clínicos). Para 65,3% deles a estrutura física e organizacional para exercer a preceptoria é ruim, 69,2% avaliaram como insatisfatório o apoio institucional do serviço e 57,7% o da universidade, apesar dos esforços da instituição formadora em promover educação permanente e presencial nos serviços. Os pontos positivos mais citados foram a troca de saberes com os estudantes e docentes e a importância de integrar o estudante ao Sistema Único de Saúde. Conclui-se que embora valorizem a preceptoria, prevaleceram insatisfações de ordem trabalhista, de condições de trabalho e de formação que precisam ser enfrentadas.
|
2022-06-18T12:50:30.150Z
|
201,887,887 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.23956/IJARCSSE.V9I6.1028",
"MAG": "2969484648",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The array of things (AoT) is part of the new smart cities initiative, enabling researchers to study an urban environment in order to improve city services. It is a project involving a network of sensors that will be installed around Chicago city to collect real-time data on the city’s environment. The data will be freely available to everyone and non-identifying in order to maintain privacy. It can be used to develop new data analysis tools and applications. Although the city of Chicago is the home of the AoT project, AoT was never meant to stay solely within Chicago. Through collaboration, partner projects will move AoT towards a global array of things network that will help around the world. This paper provides a primer on AoT.
|
2022-06-25T19:02:59.894Z
|
12,472,367 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/biom.12311",
"MAG": "1897047898",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In medical studies comparing two treatments in the presence of censored data, the stratified Cox model is an important tool that has the ability to flexibly handle non‐proportional hazards while allowing parsimonious covariate adjustment. In order to capture the cumulative treatment effect, the ratio of the treatment specific cumulative baseline hazards is often used as a measure of the treatment effect. Pointwise and simultaneous confidence bands associated with the estimated ratio provide a global picture of how the treatment effect evolves over time. Recently, Dong and Matthews (2012, Biometrics 68, 408–418) proposed to construct a pointwise confidence interval for the ratio using a plug‐in type empirical likelihood approach. However, their result on the limiting distribution of the empirical likelihood ratio is generally incorrect and the resulting confidence interval is asymptotically undercovering. In this article, we derive the correct limiting distribution for the likelihood ratio statistic. We also present simulation studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
|
2022-07-04T04:46:33.441Z
|
134,488,411 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/1742-6596/891/1/012230",
"MAG": "2767241596",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/891/1/012230"
}
|
There are two groups of atmosphere protecting measures: technology (primary) and treatment (secondary). When burning high-calorie low-volatile brands of coals in the furnaces with liquid slag removal to achieve emission standards required joint use of these two methods, for example, staged combustion and selective non-catalytic reduction recovery (SNCR). For the economically intelligent combination of these two methods it is necessary to have information not only about the environmental performance of each method, but also the operating costs per unit of reduced emission. The authors of this report are made an environmental-economic analysis of SNCR on boiler Π-50P Kashirskaya power station. The obtained results about the dependence of costs from the load of the boiler and the mass emissions of nitrogen oxides then approximates into empirical formulas, is named as environmental and economic characteristics, which is suitable for downloading into controllers and other control devices for subsequent implementation of optimal control of emissions to ensure compliance with environmental regulations at the lowest cost at any load of the boiler.
|
2022-07-21T11:31:02.491Z
|
7,596,713 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1051/RND:19800407",
"MAG": "1995368095",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The ultrastructure of follicle cells has been compared to that of developing oocytes in the marine crustacean isopod, Idotea balthica basteri, at different periods of the molting cycle. There was a distinct change in the shape and size of the follicles and in their relation to each other and to the oocytes. During stage 1 of vitellogenesis (molting cycle period C), spaces between the follicles appeared and enlarged. At the same time, the exogenous yolk fraction penetrated the oocytes, and villi, issuing from both the follicle cells and the oocytes, formed. Maximal follicle cell activity occurred during stge 2 of vitellogenesis (molting cycle period D) when micropinocytotic uptake stopped. This cellular activity was characterized by the synthesis of some granular material and the development of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi vesicle. The granular material participated in the formation of the chorion. The follicle cells seemed to degenerate shortly before laying, and thus the follicular epithelium did not appear to be permanent in Idotea.
|
2022-09-23T00:29:07.496Z
|
202,732,973 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/acsami.9b12222",
"MAG": "2977014626",
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"status": null,
"url": null
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|
The formation of stabilized radical anions on organic materials in the solid state is an important issue in radical-based fundamental research and various applications. Herein, for the first time, we report on gas-induced ion-free stable radical anion formation (SRAF) of organic semiconducting solids with high gas selectivities through the use of organic field-effect transistor (OFET) gas sensors and electron spin resonance spectroscopy. In contrast to the previously reported SRAF, which requires either anionic analytes in solution and/or cationic substituents on π-electron-deficient aromatic cores, NDI-EWGs consist of an n-type semiconducting naphthalene diimide (NDI) and various electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) that exhibit non-ion-involved, gas-selective SRAF in the solid state. In the presence of hard Lewis base gases, NDI-EWG-based OFETs exhibit enhanced conductivity (Current-ON mode) through the formation of an SRAF NDI/gas complex, while in the presence of borderline and soft Lewis base gases, NDI-EWG-based OFETs show decreased conductivity (Current-OFF mode) by the formation of a resistive NDI/gas complex. Organic semiconducting solids with EWGs exhibiting highly gas-selective solid-SRAF constitute a very promising platform for radical-based chemistry and can be used in various applications, such as highly gas-selective probes.
|
2022-09-23T08:46:54.912Z
|
234,134,110 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1039/d0ra08077b",
"MAG": "3119304284",
"PubMedCentral": "8693714"
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2021/ra/d0ra08077b"
}
|
Beside the conventional perovskite precursors with lead halides as lead sources, non-halide lead sources provide additional tools for tuning the properties of perovskite layers, and lead acetate is a promising candidate for non-halide lead sources. In this work, we develop the perovskite precursor with a mixed non-halide lead source by partially replacing lead acetate with lead thiocyanate. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements indicate that lead thiocyanate additive can remarkably increase the size of perovskite grains and the crystallization of perovskite layers. And the cross-sectional investigation illustrates that the penetration of perovskite materials into TiO2 porous layers also can be improved by the lead thiocyanate additive. As a consequence, the recombination process and charge extraction process of devices are improved. By optimizing the quantity of lead thiocyanate, the power conversion efficiency of devices is increased from 14.0% to 17.2%, and the stability of devices is elevated simultaneously.
|
2022-10-19T16:47:56.437Z
|
9,645,565 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2147/OTT.S134252",
"MAG": "2737542136",
"PubMedCentral": "5533489"
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
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|
We sought to systematically evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of miR-203 in patients with colorectal cancer. To explore the diagnostic performance of miR-203, eligible studies were identified from biomedical databases. Based on these results, 11 studies were pooled and included in this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratios of miR-203 were 0.83 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.78–0.86), 0.80 (95% CI: 0.77–0.83), and 19.27 (95% CI: 7.23–51.36) for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. The area under the curve for miR-203 for diagnosing colorectal cancer was 0.89. Patients with higher expression of tissue miR-203 had poor overall survival (pooled hazard ratio: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.03–2.57, P=0.04), but serum miR-203 was not predictive (pooled hazard ratio: 1.59; 95% CI: 0.31–8.12, P=0.58). The miR-203 values of tissue and serum merged together may perhaps predict superior overall survival (pooled hazard ratio: 1.62; 95% CI: 0.93–2.82), but the effect was not significant (P=0.09).
|
2022-11-13T16:16:53.308Z
|
95,926,900 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1088/0022-3727/5/10/324",
"MAG": "2024364089",
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"url": null
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|
The diffusion and thermionic emission theories of conduction in Schottky diodes are compared in terms of the behaviour of the quasi-Fermi levels for electrons. It is shown by an analysis of published experimental data that, for medium- and high-mobility semiconductors, the quasi-Fermi level is essentially flat throughout the depletion region under forward bias, in accordance with the thermionic emission theory. Under reverse bias the electron quasi-Fermi level is flat through most of the depletion region but rises as it approaches the metal, in agreement with the theoretical calculations of Crowell and Beguwala. The hole quasi-Fermi level remains horizontal through the depletion region at a value coincident with the Fermi level in the metal.
|
2022-12-12T04:13:21.011Z
|
84,932,745 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1159/000022874",
"MAG": "2085465739",
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"status": null,
"url": null
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|
Multipoint linkage analysis is commonly used to evaluate linkage of a disease to multiple markers in a small region. Multipoint analysis is particularly powerful when the IBD relations of family members at the trait locus are ambiguous. The increased power arises because, unlike single-marker analyses, multipoint analysis uses haplotype information from several markers to infer the IBD relations. We wish to temper this advantage with a cautionary note: multipoint analysis is sensitive to power loss due to misspecification of intermarker distances. Such misspecification is especially problematic when dealing with closely spaced markers. We present computer simulations comparing the power of single-point and multipoint analyses, both when IBD relations are ambiguous, and when the intermarker distances are misspecified. We conclude that when evaluating markers in a small region to confirm or refute previous findings, a situation in which p values of modest statistical significance are important, single marker analyses may provide more reliable measures of the strength of support for linkage than multipoint statistics.
|
2022-12-19T09:18:09.252Z
|
20,596,355 |
{
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"DOI": "10.7326/0003-4819-133-7-200010030-00011",
"MAG": "1982301966",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
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|
Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide are highly controversial societal issues (1-3). In the past decade, there have been numerous surveys of physicians throughout the world on euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (1, 4- 14). Nevertheless, important deficiencies in information remain. First, most studies have been snapshotssurveys of attitudes or experiences at one point in time (15). Second, more than a fourfold variation exists in the reported rate of requests for and performance of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide among U.S. physicians, making it difficult to draw definitive conclusions about physician practices (10, 11, 13, 14). Most important, almost all surveys of physicians have focused exclusively on euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide as isolated practices. None of the existing data provide insight into how these practices relate to optimal end-of-life care. To address some of these deficiencies, the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) surveyed all of its U.S. members about end-of-life care practices; we report part of the results of that survey. Our focus on oncologists is appropriate because data from the Netherlands and Oregon indicate that more than 70% of patients using euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide have cancer (7, 16). In the United States, where patients with cancer tend to be treated by specialists, oncologists are likely to have to address the issue of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide more often than other physicians (11, 14). Methods Physician Identification General eligibility requirements for the study were membership in ASCO in 1997, which included at least 85% of all oncologists in the United States, and being active in the management of patients at the very end of life. Two groups were identified for participation; neither was compensated. First, all 8715 oncologists from the United States who were ASCO members were mailed a survey with a postage-paid return envelope. Physicians who did not return the survey after 4 weeks were mailed a reminder letter with another copy of the survey. Of U.S. oncologists, 6642 were eligible; 2645 of these physicians completed the survey (response rate, 39.8%). Second, 1550 medical, surgical, radiation, and pediatric oncologists were randomly selected in a prospective manner to be contacted through personal telephone calls and additional mailings urging them to complete the survey. Of these physicians, 1273 were eligible and 655 completed the survey (response rate, 51.5%). The responses to all questions about euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide from these cohorts were statistically indistinguishable; therefore, responses from the two groups were combined, providing a total of 3299 responses. Survey Development In conjunction with the Center for Survey Research, a multidisciplinary task force created a survey instrument. After pretesting among oncologists, the instrument was finalized with 118 questions in eight areas. The precise wording of the questions that we analyzed is provided in the Appendix Table. Because the terms euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide can be both misunderstood and emotionally charged, previously reported descriptions of these activities were used in all questions (1, 13, 15). Statistical Analysis Comparisons among groups were performed by using the Pearson chi-square test of independence. Predictors of support for and performance of physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia were identified by using stepwise logistic regression analysis. To minimize type I errors and reduce the probability of identifying factors associated with differences that are not clinically meaningful, the selection criteria for entry into the model were set at an level of 0.005. Potential explanatory variables in all analyses were age, sex, religious affiliation, religiosity, importance of religious beliefs, death of a relative within the past 5 years, specialty, rural or urban practice, academic practice, amount of time in patient care, number of new patients in the past 6 months, and number of patients who died in the past year. Additional explanatory variables were barriers to providing optimal care to terminally ill patients, time available to talk to terminally ill patients, perceptions of reimbursement levels, perceived difficulties in getting patients the care that they required, poor pain management decisions, proportion of terminally ill patients who are depressed, and personal responsibility for care of terminally ill patients. Results Table 1 provides basic sociodemographic data on the 3299 U.S. oncologists who participated. Among all ASCO oncologists, 17.3% are female and 33.4% work in academic settings; these overall values are similar to those among survey respondents. More than 85% of respondents spent at least half their working time in direct patient care; 52% indicated that they devoted more than 90% of their time to clinical activities. Almost two thirds (61.4%) of respondents reported that 25 or more of their patients had died during the previous year. Table 1. Sociodemographic Characteristics of Surveyed U.S. Oncologists Appendix Table. Survey Questions Attitudes toward Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide Of the 3299 U.S. oncologists who responded, 22.5% supported physician-assisted suicide for a terminally ill patient with prostate cancer who had unremitting pain despite optimal pain management, and 6.5% supported euthanasia (Table 2). Furthermore, 15.6% of the respondents indicated that they themselves would be willing to provide physician-assisted suicide and 2.0% would be willing to carry out euthanasia. These responses varied by oncologic subspecialty. Table 2. Attitudes and Practices regarding Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide among Oncologic Specialties In multivariate analysis, four factors were associated with oncologists who were significantly less likely to support euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide: 1) reluctance to increase the intravenous morphine dose for a patient with metastatic breast cancer who was experiencing pain and requested relief (odds ratio [OR], 0.61 [CI, 0.48 to 0.77]]; 2) reporting that they had sufficient time to talk to dying patients about end-of-life care issues (OR, 0.79 [CI, 0.71 to 0.87]]; 3) viewing themselves as religious (OR, 0.68 [CI, 0.64 to 0.74]]; and 4) being Catholic (OR, 0.57 [CI, 0.45 to 0.72]). Surgical oncologists were significantly more likely to support euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide (OR, 2.11 [CI, 1.52 to 2.92]). Attitudes toward euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide did not differ by age, sex, geographic region, year of graduation from medical school, number of new patients per year, number of patients who died in the past year, proportion of income from managed care, and clinical practice setting. Practices regarding Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide Of the 3299 responding oncologists, 62.9% had received requests for euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide during their career and 31.1% had received such requests during the previous 12 months (Table 2). The majority of requests were not fulfilled. Overall, 10.8% of responding oncologists had performed physician-assisted suicide in their career and 3.4% had done so in the preceding 12 months; 3.7% of oncologists reported performing euthanasia during their career while 0.8% had done so in the prior 12 months. Of the 10.8% of oncologists who had performed physician-assisted suicide, 37% had done so only once and 18% had done so five or more times. Of the oncologists who performed euthanasia, the majority (57%) had done so only once and 12% had done so five or more times. These practices varied significantly among oncologic subspecialties (Table 2). Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that oncologists were significantly less likely to have performed euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide if they were unwilling to increase the dose of intravenous morphine for pain control in a patient with breast cancer who had excruciating pain (OR, 0.58 [CI, 0.43 to 0.79]) and if they reported that their training in end-of-life care was helpful (OR, 0.86 [CI, 0.79 to 0.95]). Conversely, oncologists who were less spiritual were significantly more likely to have performed euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide (OR, 1.77 [CI, 1.40 to 2.26]). Of note, 1.5% of oncologists who reported that they could get their dying patients all necessary care had performed euthanasia, whereas 6.2% of oncologists who reported that administrative, fiscal, and structural barriers allowed them to provide their dying patient with only some of the care they needed had performed euthanasia (P <0.001). Discussion Our study of 3299 U.S. oncologists, the largest survey of physicians on the subject of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide, provides four insights. First, concern among oncologists about performing euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide may limit their willingness to prescribe opioids, thereby leading to inadequate pain management (8). Physicians who neither supported nor performed euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide were significantly less willing to increase the dose of intravenous opioids for patients with unremitting pain. This reticence probably reflects fear that increasing opioid dose increases the risks for respiratory depression and death and might be construed as a form of euthanasia. This view may be encouraged by proponents of euthanasia who have argued that there is no difference between increasing morphine for pain relief and euthanasia (2, 17, 18). The ASCO and others must educate physicians on the ethical and legal acceptability of increasing narcotics for pain control, even at the risk of respiratory depression and death (1, 3). Second, the data suggest a relationship between the likelihood of performing euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide and the inability of physicians to obtain adequate end-of-life care for t
|
2022-12-20T07:37:45.674Z
|
219,082,095 |
{
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"DOI": "10.25273/INVENTORY.V4I1.6296",
"MAG": "3023875631",
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This study aims to examine the effect of political connection on tax avoidance. The sample in this study were manufacture companies from the BEI for the periode 2015-2017. The sample were selected using purposive sampling technique and obtained a sample of 55 companies. The analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regressions analysis using IBM SPSS Statistic program 23. The result of the study show that political connection has a negative effect on tax avoidance.Keywords: political connection, tax avoidance.
|
2022-12-23T06:46:43.918Z
|
20,832,052 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/09553006214550231",
"MAG": "2081881036",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
SummaryRecovered rates of Y-chromosome-autosomal translocations (Y-A) induced in spermatids of pupae of Drosophila melanogaster, as well as the chromosomes 2–3 translocations (2–3), were higher in crosses to females having an attached X.Y-chromosome than to regular females. This suggests that numerous position-effect sterility mutations were induced in the Y-chromosome as well as in the autosomes.Nitrogen treatment after irradiation of 800 r did not increase the frequencies of translocations recovered.Prolonged nitrogen pre-treatment apparently retarded development so that irradiation involved an earlier and more sensitive stage of spermiogenesis than without pre-treatment. The increase of the 2–3, was higher than that of the Y-A translocations, indicating a lower stage-sensitivity of the latter.When two irradiations were given 14 hours apart in air, breaks induced in the first irradiation rejoined prior to the second. Prolonged nitrogen treatment after the first irradiation caused a delay in rejoining of...
|
2022-02-12T21:40:54.551Z
|
198,469,743 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18454/PMI.2016.4.515",
"MAG": "2587957896",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Data are presented on the geology of areas of rare metal granites proliferation in the Russian sector of the Pacific Ore Belt that make one take a fresh look at the East Asian granitoid area to update its metallogeny. History is reviewed of studying rare metal granites of the Russian Far East. As a rule, these are found in the vicinity of major tungsten-stanniferous ore deposits, except much later than discovering the former, at the stages of their assessment and survey. Rare earth granites are usually missed by the geologists during the early stages of regional geological surveys due to their small size, weak eroding and external similarity with earlier granites. Using the examples of the Central Polousny, Badzhal and Kuyviveem-Pyrekakay regions the structural and geological conditions are characterized of localization of rare metal granites. Comparative analysis of geological situations made it possible to formulate the areal character of manifestation of rare metal granites; their confinedness to late Mesozoic orogenic arched uplifts of bogen structures above deep granitoid batholiths; positioning in the areas where longitudinal and transversal deep laying faults cross; gravitation to the environs of pre-Cambrian median masses. Similarity of structural-geological conditions for manifestation of the well-studied ore-containing granites serves to confirm the hypothesis on the joint stage of late Cretaceous rare metal magmatism in the Russian sector of the Pacific Ore Belt and the existence in the region of a magmatic super-province – the Far East belt of rare metal granites that includes the Novosibirsk-Chukotka, the Yana-Kolyma and the Sikhote-Alin rare metal – granite provinces.
|
2022-06-04T05:19:13.621Z
|
150,250,924 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/10848770.2018.1492810",
"MAG": "2839486418",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ABSTRACT This article examines the professional boundaries and obstacles encountered by Eritrean graduates of a medical interpreter course in Israel. Through a series of personal interviews held about a year after their graduation, we identified professional and personal boundaries as a recurring theme. Drawing on the inspiring work of Erving Goffman, we discuss the tension between their “normative roles” and “typical roles.” By deploying two heuristic two-way typologies—in reference to the service provider or the patient, and in reference to formal or informal interpreting settings—we propose that the tension between the normative and the typical manifests most clearly within formal interpreting settings and vis-à-vis the service providers, and is least present outside formal settings and vis-à-vis the patients. Recognizing that the role of the interpreter tends to extend well beyond its formal setting, we conclude by reflecting on how the circumstances of marginalization and lack of support—incurred by the Israeli government’s intention to frustrate asylum seekers and thwart their struggle for recognition as refugees—compels the graduates to extend their services and serve as brokers, counsellors and guides in trying to help their compatriots navigate the ostensibly inhospitable system they confront.
|
2022-12-12T13:47:39.671Z
|
151,329,368 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/02680939.2016.1214751",
"MAG": "2518832669",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0781caa3-d60e-41bb-b84a-a54976a1603f/download_file?safe_filename=Deconstructing%2Bthe%2BCarter%2BReview.pdf&file_format=application%2Fpdf&type_of_work=Journal+article"
}
|
Abstract The commitment to establish a ‘school-led’ system of teacher education in England, announced by the Coalition Government in 2011 and relentlessly pursued thereafter, represented a radical departure from previous kinds of initial teacher education partnership. While it is entirely consistent with a neoliberal agenda, with its strong regulatory framework and appeal to market mechanisms, it is also underpinned by a particular conception of teaching as a craft – ‘best learnt as an apprentice observing a master craftsman or woman’. In 2014, the government established a Review of Initial Teacher Training, led by a primary school head teacher, Sir Andrew Carter. This signalled the recognition of teacher education as a ‘policy problem’, adopting Cochran-Smith’s term. The ensuing report, published in early 2015, was more nuanced than might have been anticipated, although a number of profound tensions emerge from a closer analytical reading; four of these tensions are similar to those previously defined by Cochran-Smith and two are newly emergent. This paper identifies and discusses these tensions as they appear in the Carter Review and relates them to wider debates about the links between teaching, teacher education, evidence and research and to policy-making processes in education.
|
2022-12-13T18:18:02.689Z
|
21,590,064 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/09602011.2013.819021",
"MAG": "1970989055",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We describe a standardised mean difference statistic (d) for single-case designs that is equivalent to the usual d in between-groups experiments. We show how it can be used to summarise treatment effects over cases within a study, to do power analyses in planning new studies and grant proposals, and to meta-analyse effects across studies of the same question. We discuss limitations of this d-statistic, and possible remedies to them. Even so, this d-statistic is better founded statistically than other effect size measures for single-case design, and unlike many general linear model approaches such as multilevel modelling or generalised additive models, it produces a standardised effect size that can be integrated over studies with different outcome measures. SPSS macros for both effect size computation and power analysis are available.
|
2022-12-21T18:45:50.031Z
|
245,632,218 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/genes13010095",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8774900"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/13/1/95/pdf?version=1640849833"
}
|
The molecular and cellular processes leading to aortic aneurysm development in Marfan syndrome (MFS) remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined the changes of aortic cell populations and gene expression in MFS by performing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA seq) on ascending aortic aneurysm tissues from patients with MFS (n = 3) and age-matched non-aneurysmal control tissues from cardiac donors and recipients (n = 4). The expression of key molecules was confirmed by immunostaining. We detected diverse populations of smooth muscle cells (SMCs), fibroblasts, and endothelial cells (ECs) in the aortic wall. Aortic tissues from MFS showed alterations of cell populations with increased de-differentiated proliferative SMCs compared to controls. Furthermore, there was a downregulation of MYOCD and MYH11 in SMCs, and an upregulation of COL1A1/2 in fibroblasts in MFS samples compared to controls. We also examined TGF-β signaling, an important pathway in aortic homeostasis. We found that TGFB1 was significantly upregulated in two fibroblast clusters in MFS tissues. However, TGF-β receptor genes (predominantly TGFBR2) and SMAD genes were downregulated in SMCs, fibroblasts, and ECs in MFS, indicating impairment in TGF-β signaling. In conclusion, despite upregulation of TGFB1, the rest of the canonical TGF-β pathway and mature SMCs were consistently downregulated in MFS, indicating a potential compromise of TGF-β signaling and lack of stimulus for SMC differentiation.
|
2022-12-21T18:55:32.904Z
|
191,165,265 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18345/tm.81133",
"MAG": "1900132906",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Normal 0 21 false false false TR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 4-6 Kasim 2010 tarihleri arasinda Istanbul Bahcesehir Universitesi Besiktas Yerleskesinde Kubbealti Akademisi Kultur ve Sanat Vakfi, Elginkan Vakfi ve Bahcesehir Universitesi Medeniyet Arastirmalari Merkezi'nin katkilari ile duzenlenen Turkiye'de ve Dunya'da Sozluk Yazimi ve Arastirmalari Uluslararasi Sempozyumu bildirileri Misalli Buyuk Turkce Sozlugun yazari sayin Ilhan Ayverdi anisina Kubbealti Nesriyat tarafindan yayimlandi. Sempozyumda sunulan 34 bildiri metninin yer aldigi eserde birbirinden degerli calismalar yer almaktadir.
|
2022-02-08T09:07:48.953Z
|
233,410,808 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.32687/0869-866X-2021-29-2-359-368",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The article analyzes negative changes in the USSR population health in the era of stagnation. These changes are traced on the basis of statistical indices of physical development, morbidity of infectious and mental diseases, mortality and life expectancy. The mentioned data are compared with indices of ecological pollution, drinking water and foodstuff quality. The study results are explained by political decisions on reclamation of unsettled territories, developing of all-Union constructions, (anti)alcohol campaigns.
|
2022-02-07T21:51:04.409Z
|
40,962,476 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/J.1538-7305.1982.TB03452.X",
"MAG": "2098561840",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This article describes the design steps for generating custom and semi-custom integrated circuits for digital terminals. The design styles and processing techniques are discussed with special emphasis on the interaction of the device organization with the system organization. Metal-oxide-semiconductor technology makes possible high-packing-density custom integration. Logic conversion is verified by simulation, layout is performed automatically, and timing is verified by using layout information as input to the timing simulator. Gate arrays facilitate semi-custom designing at low cost for modest scales of integration. The same design automation tools are used for both custom and semi-custom integration. Complementary bipolar integrated circuit technology realizes high-performance analog circuitry and can be combined with buried injector logic to integrate both analog and digital circuitry on the same chip. The combination of these technologies offers cost-effective system integration for digital terminals.
|
2022-02-12T04:00:35.131Z
|
106,400,339 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1117/12.2216217",
"MAG": "2791716474",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Imaging spectropolarimetry has been explored as a method that increment in our capability to respond to existing requirements, as well as to our insatiable need for more information in remote sensing applications. Spectrometry enables detailed comparison of target and background spectra. The polarimetric state of received radiation contains valuable information about source object surface roughness and orientation, it has the potential to highlight manmade objects despite spectral camouflage. A laboratory breadboard spectropolarimetric system has been design for operation in the visible waveband to demonstrate the potential of this technique for future airborne and spaceborne systems. The experiment setup and some experimental results are presented in this paper.
|
2022-08-28T22:29:01.282Z
|
147,065,212 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1086/psaprocbienmeetp.1986.1.193122",
"MAG": "2315495150",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The normative nature of scientific rationality is sometimes accounted for by the thesis that having theories which meet the criteria we apply is valuable to us in itself rather than as a means to an end. But given the experiential input to our beliefs and their practical role, it is apparent that we must evaluate the criteria to be used as rational means of pursuing predictive success. So we must seek a practical justification, in spite of the threat of circularity. There is hope of achieving this via an exploration of options which may show that there is no reasonable alternative to the principles we use.
|
2022-09-02T10:40:34.957Z
|
40,809,885 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1128/JVI.01355-15",
"MAG": "1913674874",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ABSTRACT Associations between HIV-1 cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) escape mutations and their restricting human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles imply that HIV could adapt to divergent HLA repertoires of human populations globally. Using publicly available databases, we examine the relationship between the frequencies of 19 experimentally validated CTL escape mutations in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and their restricting HLA alleles in 59 countries. From these extensive data, we find evidence of differential HIV adaptations to human populations at only a limited number of the studied epitope sites.
|
2022-09-09T04:49:32.739Z
|
145,277,790 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1163/157181609X440022",
"MAG": "2087191382",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The main objective of this article is to describe the key elements of the making of immigration control policies in Portugal until 2007. First, the main policy initiatives and measures concerning the admission of foreigners are presented. Second, the mechanisms and difficulties surrounding the issue of immigration control are discussed, and a tension is identified between the structural demand for foreign labour and the measures taken for control. Third, the positions of the main political parties and of the most relevant stakeholders are highlighted. The evidence indicates that despite continued attempts to control immigration, the stated policy objectives are at odds with the outcome, characterised by endemic irregular migration. The factors hindering regulation are both internal and external, encompassing the economic, social, institutional and legal domains. Given the limits to control, policy-makers have sought to achieve a compromise by enacting frequent regularization programmes while seeking to improve admission and control. In this process, the main political parties have exhibited a significant degree of consensus, which may be partially accounted for by the convergence among the other stakeholders (employers, trade unions, Catholic organisations and immigrants' associations) and by the increasing, albeit contradictory, acceptance of immigration by public opinion.
|
2022-12-15T02:58:43.811Z
|
22,801,306 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1460-9568.2012.08075.x",
"MAG": "2153065561",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3359866?pdf=render"
}
|
In primary sensory neocortical areas of mammals, the distribution of sensory receptors is mapped with topographic precision and amplification in proportion to the peripheral receptor density. The visual, somatosensory and auditory cortical maps are established during a critical period in development. Throughout this window in time, the developing cortical maps are vulnerable to deleterious effects of sense organ damage or sensory deprivation. The rodent barrel cortex offers an invaluable model system with which to investigate the mechanisms underlying the formation of topographic maps and their plasticity during development. Five rows of mystacial vibrissa (whisker) follicles on the snout and an array of sinus hairs are represented by layer IV neural modules (‘barrels’) and thalamocortical axon terminals in the primary somatosensory cortex. Perinatal damage to the whiskers or the sensory nerve innervating them irreversibly alters the structural organization of the barrels. Earlier studies emphasized the role of the sensory periphery in dictating whisker‐specific brain maps and patterns. Recent advances in molecular genetics and analyses of genetically altered mice allow new insights into neural pattern formation in the neocortex and the mechanisms underlying critical period plasticity. Here, we review the development and patterning of the barrel cortex and the critical period plasticity.
|
2022-12-21T02:22:31.013Z
|
29,872,946 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/MAPE.2013.6689832",
"MAG": "2071802658",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this paper, a novel compact antenna of radio altimeter based on bi-layer substrate is presented, which is composed of bi-layer microwave circuits. A palisade-shaped conductor is placed on the upper substrate to enhance purity of the linear polarization, while a two-unit parallel-fed microstrip antenna array and its feeding network are laid on the lower substrate. This new kind of radio altimeter antenna may be installed on certain air vehicle with small scale. The bi-layer substrate has a size of 56mm×36mm×3mm, and the outline of the antenna is of 65mm×60mm×6mm.The simulated and measured results indicate that the half-power beamwidth of this novel altimeter antenna is about ±33° × ±37°, and the 2:1 voltage standing wave ratio(VSWR) bandwidth is about 210MHz, with a 8 dB max gain. Also we measured the isolation between two antennas of radio altimeter with a distance of 500mm, and the final isolation value is more than 50dB in its working frequency range. As the altimeter antenna has good performance in beamwidth, bandwidth, and isolation, together with a compact structure, it will have promising future for application.
|
2022-02-12T13:10:57.233Z
|
226,758,396 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5771/9783748901334-295",
"MAG": "3088767077",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "http://www.nomos-elibrary.de/10.5771/9783748901334-295.pdf"
}
|
Der Artikel analysiert – aufbauend auf den Herausforderungen durch Social Media und »Fake News« – disziplinübergreifend die bekannten Kriterien zur Messung von Glaubwürdigkeit. Sodann ergänzt er diese Dimensionen um ein neues Konzept, welches Glaubwürdigkeit von Glauben un-terscheidet und plädiert dafür, dass die kommunikationswissenschaftliche Analyse nur unter Berücksichtigung dieser Differenz praktisch umsetzbare und handlungsrelevante Ergebnisse liefert.
|
2022-06-18T04:12:13.523Z
|
110,531,479 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.295-298.303",
"MAG": "2070394933",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Total pigment and main monomeric anthocyanin contents in different cultivars of litchi (Litchi chinensis) were measured, HPLC fingerprints and similarity of litchi anthocyanins were analyzed, and a recovery process of litchi anthocyanins was developed. In 16 cultivars of litchi, the total anthocyanin content (absorbance at 510 nm) per gram pericarp was 0.490-3.045 in 2007 and 0.475-3.122 in 2008. The content of cyanidin-3-rutinoside (C3R), the most abundant monomeric anthocyanin in litchi pericarp, ranged from 724.6 (cv Yuhebao) to 7706.9 (cv Zhuangyuanhong) mg/kg, while the cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) content ranged from 1.3 (cv Guiwei) to 14.7 (cv Zhuangyuanhong) mg/kg. The anthocyanin profiles of the 16 cultivars were similar and the correlation coefficients were higher than 0.970, except for cv Gualv and cv Yuhebao. The recovery procedures for anthocyanins were as follows: 0.2-0.5% (v/v) of HCl as the extraction solvent, added to cover the surface of fresh pericarps, overnight extraction at ambient temperatures, and extracted twice, and purification by X-5 macroporous resin. The resulting litchi pigment contained 421.6 mg/g of C3R and 0.168 mg/g of C3G, which could be used as functional food ingredients.
|
2022-09-07T03:57:22.166Z
|
18,162,392 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487616",
"MAG": "2409796769",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Efficient robotic exploration of an unknown, sensor limited, global-information-deficient environment poses a unique challenge to path planning algorithms because no deterministic guarantees on path completion and mission success can be made. Integrated Exploration (IE), which strives to combine localization and exploration, must be solved in order to create an autonomous robotic system capable of long term operation in new and challenging environments. This paper formulates a probabilistic framework which allows the creation of exploration algorithms providing probabilistic guarantees of success. A novel connection is made between the Hamiltonian Path Problem and exploration. The Guaranteed Probabilistic Information Explorer (G-PIE) is developed for the IE problem, providing a probabilistic guarantee on path completion, and asymptotic optimality of exploration.
|
2022-09-12T20:51:23.196Z
|
59,254,356 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.12816/EJHM.2018.16174",
"MAG": "2907093306",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Background: worldwide, studies have shown a high prevalence of hormones and nutritional supplements use by athletes and gym members. Many athletes consume unproven, potentially harmful or even banned supplements.
Objectives: to assess the prevalence of the use of hormones and nutritional supplements by people who exercise in gyms in Saudi Arabia, and the types of supplements they most commonly use and to obtain a general view of the main reasons for using these enhancements.
Materials and Methods: a cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted at gyms in Saudi Arabia that were selected randomly from different sectors. The sample size was estimated at 289, but the actual number of randomly selected participants in the study was 457.
RESULTS: the number of gym members who participated in this study was 457. Approximately 47.9% of the sample reported an intake of nutritional supplements and 7.9% reported that they took hormones. Protein powder was consumed by 83.1% of the participants. Approximately 16.8% of supplement users had noticed some side effects, and 25.7% of those who took hormones had stopped taking them because of adverse effects. Only half of the hormone users (54.2%) reported that they had had medical checkups. The major source of information on supplement and hormone use was non-health professionals, friends being major source (40%) of information on the use of hormones. The use of nutritional supplements was significantly associated with BMI (OR = 1.89, CI = 1.06-3.39), duration of daily exercise (OR = 4.23, CI = 2.06-8.68), and following a special diet (OR = 8.42, CI = 5.37-13.2). There was a very strong association between nutritional supplements consumption and hormone use (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION:approximately half of the participants who regularly exercised in gyms took nutritional supplements, and most had received their information from non-health professionals. There was an association between the duration of exercise and the use of hormones and supplements. Fewer than half of hormone users had obtained a health-care provider’s advice before taking it. The atmosphere in the gym can play an important role in members’ decisions. Educating gym employees and members may have a positive influence on the use of supplements and hormones.
|
2022-10-19T17:27:54.938Z
|
89,486,143 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1590/S0100-83582015000400007",
"MAG": "2396581070",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Five experiments were conducted to evaluate the hypothesis that Solanum americanum density and time of coexistence affect the quality of processing tomato fruit. The tomato crop was established using either the direct drilling or the transplanting technique. The factors evaluated consisted of weed density (from 0 up to 6 plants m-2) and time of weed interference (early bloom stage, full flowering stage, fruit filling, and harvest time). The effects of competition on tomato fruit quality were analysed using a multiple model. Tomato variables evaluated included industrial fruit types (which depended on ripeness and disease infection) and soluble solids level(obrix). Tomato fruit quality is dependent on the factors tested. Under low densities (< 6 plants m-2) of S. americanum there was a small impact on the quality of the tomato fruits. The percentage of grade A (mature fruit with red color and without pathogen infection) tomato fruits is the variable most affect by the independent variables. The impact of these independent variables on the percentage of grade C (green and/or with more than 15% disease infection) tomato yield was of smaller magnitude and in an inverse trend as the observed for grade A. The level of soluble solids was influenced by the weed interference on only two experiments, but the impact was of small magnitude. The impact of the results on current and future crop management practices is discussed.
|
2022-12-02T11:34:13.186Z
|
129,788,911 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1130/0016-7606(1977)88<1586:COTBNL>2.0.CO;2",
"MAG": "2010753974",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A study of 56 sediment cores and 121 nephelometer profiles from Nitinat deep-sea fan shows variations in late Holocene accumulation rates and sediment texture which parallel variations in thickness and suspended sediment load of the bottom nepheloid layer. Furthermore, accumulation rates, sediment texture, and nepheloid layer variables all show a substantial degree of correlation with fan topography. In general, the nepheloid layer thickens (>100 m) and suspended sediment loads increase (>100 µg/cm 2 ) above Cascadia Channel (the major channel crossing the fan) as well as above the northern flank of the fan. Over levees and the western portion of the fan, the nepheloid layer thins to 2 . Cascadia Channel and the northern flank of the fan have been loci of rapid sedimentation, with accumulation rates ranging from approximately 5 to greater than 12 mg/cm 2 /yr. In contrast, the apex and western reaches of the fan have significantly lower accumulation rates: 1 to 5 mg/cm 2 /yr. Detailed size analysis of bottom sediments shows that areas characterized by rapid sedimentation and a thick, heavily loaded nepheloid layer have more medium to fine silt (5 to 7 ϕ) than the clay-rich (>8 ϕ) sediments from interchannel areas with low accumulation rates and a thin, lightly loaded nepheloid layer. The data suggest that turbid water moves continuously down Cascadia Channel and the northern flank. The transport mechanism is size-selective and topographically controlled, concentrating silt-sized detritus in topographic lows. The data also suggest a positive downward flux of sediment particles within the nepheloid layer, at least when averaged over a significant period of time.
|
2022-12-11T22:48:00.685Z
|
15,648,803 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICIIECS.2015.7193082",
"MAG": "1524153626",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Passwords are the powerful tools that tend to keep all data and information digitally safe. It is frequently noticed that text password remains predominantly popular over the other formats of passwords, due to the fact that it is simple and expedient. However, text passwords are not always sturdy enough and are very easily stolen and misused under different vulnerabilities. Other persons can obtain a text password when a person creates a weak password or a password that is completely reused in many sites. In this condition if one password is hacked, it can be used for all the websites. This is called the Domino Effect. Another unsafe situation is when a person enters his/her password in a computer that is not trust-worthy; the password is prone to stealing attacks such as phishing, malware and key loggers etc. Among the most significant current threats to online banking are keylogging and phishing. These attacks extract user identity and account information to be used later for unauthorized access to user's financial accounts. This paper proposes a user authentication protocol which leverages a user's Android Smartphone and short message service to resist password stealing and password reuse attacks. This protocol only requires each participating website possesses a unique phone number and users only need to remember a long-term password for login on all websites. To provide more security to Android Smartphone, an additional method called color pattern screen locking is also proposed in this paper.
|
2022-12-19T14:38:18.244Z
|
148,642,688 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/16066359.2017.1421178",
"MAG": "2777067887",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between support provided from friends, family or broader network connections and Keyes' (2007) conceptualisation of complete mental health. Method: Participants were 1815 individuals (70% male) who entered residential substance abuse treatment provided by The Salvation Army. Questionnaires were completed by participants at their intake assessment to treatment, and 188 participants provided complete responses to a phone interview at 3-months post-discharge. Results: Changes in general support provided from friends and informal social connectedness were the strongest social variable predictors of complete mental health at 3-month follow-up. Mediation analyses indicated friends' support for abstinence had no effect on complete mental health and general social support had a direct effect on complete mental health. The relationship between informal social connectedness and complete mental health was partially mediated by alcohol use severity. Conclusions: The current findings indicate informal social connectedness and general support provided by friends is most related to one’s complete mental health in a drug and alcohol misuse context. These findings indicate supporting wider social connection (e.g. neighbours, workmates) could be a target in substance misuse treatment and aftercare.
|
2022-12-20T10:29:24.679Z
|
30,764,385 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1525-1470.1997.tb00216.x",
"MAG": "2124234903",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract: Progressive facial hemiatrophy or Parry‐Romberg syndrome is a rare entity characterized by unilateral atrophy of the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and the underlying bony structures. This syndrome has many features of linear scleroderma en coup de sabre but is distinguished by more extensive involvement of the lower face and by only slight cutaneous sclerosis. We describe two unusual children with both atrophic and sclerotic changes of half of the face coexisting with multiple plaques of typical morphea. Both children developed neurologic disturbances with cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities 2 years and 15 years, respectively, after the onset of cutaneous lesions. Thus considering that it may not be possible to correlate impairment in neurologic function and cutaneous disease, as illustrated by our patients, we emphasize the importance of an accurate follow‐up.
|
2022-12-19T03:34:45.516Z
|
8,618,509 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1083/JCB.27.3.621",
"MAG": "2012508241",
"PubMedCentral": "2106766"
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Sections of the stenotele type of nematocyst of Chlorohydra hadleyi have revealed that the stenotele, upon firing, completely everts its stylets and spines and the long, thin tubule, much as the eversion of the tubule of the nematocyst of the jewel anemone (Picken, 1953; Robson, 1953). Alternative mechanisms for supplying the energy necessary to forcefully discharge the stenotele contents are discussed as well as the possible significance of several regions containing highly ordered periodic structure. The origin of nematocysts as kinetosomal derivatives is discussed as a possibility suggested by the symmetry of the stenotele contents and the structure, location, and function of the cnidocil.
|
2022-12-16T15:19:56.125Z
|
35,981,588 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "1712.06742",
"DOI": "10.3390/jimaging5020026",
"MAG": "2780788572",
"PubMedCentral": "8320904"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/5/2/26/pdf?version=1549177108"
}
|
Analysis of retinal fundus images is essential for eye-care physicians in the diagnosis, care and treatment of patients. Accurate fundus and/or retinal vessel maps give rise to longitudinal studies able to utilize multimedia image registration and disease/condition status measurements, as well as applications in surgery preparation and biometrics. The segmentation of retinal morphology has numerous applications in assessing ophthalmologic and cardiovascular disease pathologies. Computer-aided segmentation of the vasculature has proven to be a challenge, mainly due to inconsistencies such as noise and variations in hue and brightness that can greatly reduce the quality of fundus images. The goal of this work is to collate different key performance indicators (KPIs) and state-of-the-art methods applied to this task, frame computational efficiency–performance trade-offs under varying degrees of information loss using common datasets, and introduce PixelBNN, a highly efficient deep method for automating the segmentation of fundus morphologies. The model was trained, tested and cross tested on the DRIVE, STARE and CHASE_DB1 retinal vessel segmentation datasets. Performance was evaluated using G-mean, Mathews Correlation Coefficient and F1-score, with the main success measure being computation speed. The network was 8.5× faster than the current state-of-the-art at test time and performed comparatively well, considering a 5× to 19× reduction in information from resizing images during preprocessing.
|
2022-12-21T16:55:20.899Z
|
20,631,806 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/jhm.439",
"MAG": "2131331379",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Vena cava filters were developed as a method of preventing pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) at risk for bleeding from therapeutic anticoagulation. However, the long-term complications of filter placement, such as caval thrombosis, have mitigated some of the benefits, particularly in those patients with only a temporary contraindication to anticoagulation. Retrievable filters were designed to avoid the long-term risks of a permanent filter while still providing short-term protection against PE. As a result, their use has expanded from patients with known thrombosis to those without VTE who are at high risk for developing PE. In this review, we discuss the different types of retrievable filters, indications for their placement, complications that can occur during and after placement, and their use as prophylaxis in surgical patients. Although the use of retrievable filters in patients with known VTE is clear, further studies are needed to establish their prophylactic efficacy in the surgical patient. Until this evidence is available, we recommend that retrievable filters should be used only in patients with acute VTE who are at risk for recurrent thromboembolism and have a transient risk for bleeding.
|
2022-09-16T02:46:27.162Z
|
79,664,805 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.26641/2307-0404.2017.1.100870",
"MAG": "2646931163",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "http://journals.uran.ua/index.php/2307-0404/article/download/100870/96126"
}
|
In our study there is presented information on the research of antagonistic activity of medications octenidine, decamethoxine, dioxydine, myramistin, povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine in standard dosage form and in dilution (1:1 and 1:5) on microorganisms: S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. haemolitycus, P. aeruginоsa, E. agglomerans, E. coli isolated from patients in revision hip arthroplasty. A considerable bacrteriostatic and bacreticidal activity of investigated medications on microorganisms was shown. The investigation of antagonistic activity of medications was conducted by the “well” method according to methodological guidelines for experimental (pre-clinical) investigation of medic inal product s for local treatment of purulent wounds. As a solid nutrient solution there was used Mueller-Hinton agar, in which we made cavities with diameter of 8 mm where experimental medications (0,01 ml) were put . As experimental test-cultures there were used main clinical strains of microorganisms (S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. haemolitycus, P. aeruginоsa, E. agglomerans, E. coli) isolated from patients, receiving treatment in the department of orthopaedics N 2, I.I. Mechnikov regional clinical hospital. 0.9% physiologic saline was used a s a control. C hlorhexidine, octenidine, dioxydine, decamethoxine and povidone-iodine undiluted and in dilution 1:1, cause b actericidal effect on staphylococcus , in dilution 1:5 – bacteriostatic effect. Myramistin has practically no effect on staphylococcus. Dioxydine and octenidine in initial dilution have a steady bactericidal effect on E. coli and P. aeruginosa and in dilution 1:1 only dioxydine has bactericidal effect. Chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine have bacteriostatic effect on E.coli and P. aeruginosa. In dilution 1:5 only dioxydine has a bactericidal effect on E. coli and P. aeruginosa. For E. agglomerans only dioxydine in standard dosage form and in dilution 1:1 and 1:5 has bactericidal effect 36mm, 33mm and 25 mm accordingly. But octenidine in a standard dosage form has bactericidal effect on E. agglomerans and in dilution 1:1 – bacteriostatic. Other medications have no effect on E. agglomerans. Antimicrobal effect in a standard dosage form on the greatest amount of experimental microorganisms strains was in octenidine and dioxydine; in dilution 1:1 – in octenidine and dioxydine on enterobacteria, on staphylococc i – chlorhexidine, octenidine and dioxydine; in dilution 1:5 – the maximal effect on enterobacteria was in dioxydine and on staphylococc i in chlorhexidine.
|
2022-10-29T17:28:43.239Z
|
6,717,445 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/0092623X.2014.920755",
"MAG": "2029797896",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Sexual compulsivity in women has been understudied. Furthermore, studies on this topic usually consider clinical samples of individuals assigned to the label of sexual addicts and presenting strong psychiatric comorbidities. Consequently, there is missing evidence on the relation between psychological factors and sexual compulsivity in the absence of significant psychiatric disturbance. Such disturbance may mask the psychological dimensions underpinning sexual compulsivity. Against this background, this study used a nonpathological frame to explore this relation because it may add relevant information on the topic of female sexual compulsivity. Two-hundred thirty-five female college students were eligible for the study. Participants completed self-report questionnaires on the following topics: trait affect, impulsiveness, psychological symptoms, alexithymia, sexual response in states of anxiety versus depressive mood, and coping skills. Findings revealed that motor/planning impulsiveness and psychoticism significantly predicted sexual compulsivity in women. Data have suggested that when sexual compulsivity is measured as a continuous construct in a community sample of women, only some factors seem common to those found in severe forms of hypersexuality.
|
2022-12-06T19:13:13.318Z
|
116,309,620 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1075/LA.226",
"MAG": "2415287403",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper provides a syntactic analysis of Italian verb-based discourse particles. In spite of their utterance-peripheral distribution and their pragmatic content, they should be considered as integrated in the sentence with which they are associated. It is argued that sentence-initial and sentence-final particles are not derivationally related but are merged in different layers of the clause (CP and IP, respectively). Following Haegeman and Hill (2013) and (2014), it is proposed that sentence-initial particles occur in Speech Act projections above Rizzi’s (1997) ForceP. The interaction of particles and vocatives is also discussed. In a comparative perspective, some differences between Italian and West Flemish have been correlated with the different distribution of discourse particles, namely as specifiers and heads, respectively.
|
2022-12-16T03:30:08.909Z
|
20,720,220 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1055/S-2005-865964",
"MAG": "2049240987",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Plathymenia reticulata is a tree species that occurs in two different Brazilian biomes, the Cerrado (a savannah environment), and the Atlantic Forest. In the present study, we evaluated morphological variation within and among five populations located in these vegetation types and in transitional sites in order to test the hypothesis that habitat selective pressures, being different in the Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest, would cause adaptive differences in morphological traits in individuals occurring under these different circumstances. Thirteen morphological traits of fruits, seeds, and of the membranous endocarp were obtained from 30 fruits and 20 seeds from each of nine to 10 individuals per population. Significant variation was found for all traits while comparing individuals within populations, and most traits varied significantly among populations as well. Some traits differed significantly between forest and Cerrado populations, while transition sites showed intermediate patterns and higher within-population variation. Contrary to our hypothesis, variation in seed size and mass among populations from different habitats was not significant. However, as predicted, the membranous endocarp was shorter for the seeds from Cerrado populations than from the Atlantic Forest. These data suggest the existence of P. reticulata ecotypes from Cerrado and Atlantic Forest; the relevance to Plathymenia evolution and to its wide ecological distribution is discussed.
|
2022-12-19T19:02:09.554Z
|
12,812,110 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/bmj.38156.767118.7C",
"MAG": "2053326844",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract Objective To assess whether a nurse led, flow monitored protocol for optimising circulatory status in patients after cardiac surgery reduces complications and shortens stay in intensive care and hospital. Design Randomised controlled trial. Setting Intensive care unit and cardiothoracic unit of a university teaching hospital. Participants 174 patients who underwent cardiac surgery between April 2000 and January 2003. Interventions Patients were allocated to conventional haemodynamic management or to an algorithm guided by oesophageal Doppler flowmetry to maintain a stroke index above 35 ml/m2. Results 26 control patients had postoperative complications (two deaths) compared with 17 (four deaths) protocol patients (P = 0.08). Duration of hospital stay in the protocol group was significantly reduced from a median of nine (interquartile range 7-12) days to seven (7-10) days (P = 0.02). The mean duration of hospital stay was reduced from 13.9 to 11.4 days, a saving in hospital bed days of 18% (95% confidence interval −12% to 47%). Usage of intensive care beds was reduced by 23% (−8% to 59%). Conclusion A nurse delivered protocol for optimising circulatory status in the early postoperative period after cardiac surgery may significantly shorten hospital stay.
|
2022-12-30T00:35:44.679Z
|
243,693,171 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.33422/icrmanagement.2019.10.963",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Each organization craves an effective and sustainable lifespan. The state of effectiveness and sustainability of an organization is dependent on its own culture. Organizational culture is a set of shared meanings, assumptions, values, and norms (Schein, 1992: Hofstede, 2001; Luo, 2005; Erkutlu, 2011; Campbell and Göritz, 2014). Therefore, the culture can be construed as the substratum, which guides an organization in its decision making and helps an organization in determining the nature of its every course of action. Further, organizational culture not only influences the behavioural manifestations of the stakeholders (internal as well as external) but also invigorates the relationship between the stakeholders and the organization. Since the organizational culture is critical to the holistic growth of an organization, it is required to be robust. The robustness squarely depends mainly on two items: Structure and Principles. Organizational structure is made up of various stakeholders from the bottom to the top and a well-knitted relationship between them. The principles are the values and norms which bring all the stakeholders with diverse objectives and unite them under one roof with a well-knitted and meaningful relationship. The current study is an endeavour to develop models for the structure and principles with an objective to usher a robust organizational culture. The study finds that the sociological perspective Functionalism has the potential to contribute to the genesis of the structure. The functionalism states that each member of the society is unique in its own way and therefore, has a unique role to play into the Being of a society. In the similar fashion, the principles are to be conceived taking attributes of Deontology – a dominant ethical perspective, which postulates dutycentric actions.
|
2022-01-27T05:11:54.185Z
|
72,593,579 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4321/S0212-71992005000500002",
"MAG": "2053819411",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Gas exchange alterations have been described in cirrhotic patients; but by the moment, a few prospective studies have focused in them. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency and severity of gasometric alterations in hospitalized cirrhotic patients, a their correlation with hepatocellular disfunction. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 50 consecutive cirrhotic patients (41 males) admitted for liver decompensation (ascites, liver encephalopathy, alcoholic hepatitis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding) without acute or chronic cardiopulmonary disfunction were included in the study. Patients were classified according with Child-Pugh score (A, n = 13; B, n = 21; C, n = 16). Severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) was confirmed in 7 patients. Arterial gasometry was performed in all patients before discharge. Contrast echocardiography was performed in any case of suspicion of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS). RESULTS: Light hypoxemia was observed (80.9 mmHg), without differences with Child-Pugh. Hypocapnia was significantly more evident in Child C than in A and B (31.2 +/- 3.1 vs. 38.1 +/- 4.3 y 36.3 +/- 5 mmHg; p < 0,05), respectively. Cirrhotic patients with SAH showed a significantly higher hypocapnia by comparison with others (31.2 +/- 3.1 vs. a 36.3+/-5 mmHg; p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, independent prognostic variables for hypocapnica were plasmatic levels of protrombin time, albumin and sodium. HPS was confirmed in 8 patients (16%). CONCLUSIONS: The most prevalent gas exchange abnormality in cirrhosis was the alteration of alveolar-arterial oxygen tension gradient, directly correlated with hepatocellur disfunction. Hypocapnia could be a compensatory mechanism or the result of the activation of central respiratory centres by non-depurated substances by the liver.
|
2022-02-11T09:50:41.834Z
|
61,034,533 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1117/12.553216",
"MAG": "1972485607",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
High-level Parallel Computing language (HPCL) combines the high performance of Clusters and the easy-to-use property of high-level language Octave. A HPCL program will run concurrently in a set of virtual machines (VMs). Therefore, HPCL programs are machine independent. HPCL keeps the elegant of the current high-level languages. It only needs one additional operator @ to transfer data and commands among the VMs. HPCL is also compatible to the conventional high-level language. Any sequential high-level Octave programs can be run properly in HPCL environment without modification. The realization of HPCL is briefly introduced in this report, including the main system components, execution strategy and message transfer protocol.
|
2022-02-11T15:44:39.146Z
|
136,475,042 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2464/JILM.56.15",
"MAG": "2067320496",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The effect of loading rate on absorbed energy and fracture surface area of three types of wrought aluminum alloys, namely high toughness 5083-O and 6061-T651 alloys and low toughness 7075-T6 alloy are studied. A laser displacement measuring equipment and a scanning laser microscope are used in order to measure three-dimensional geometry of the fracture surface. Shear lip and plastic hinge can be observed in 5083-O and 6061-T651 aluminum alloys. According to a measuring region, the calibration factor K is notably different. Moreover, the calibrated fracture surface area of each fracture geometry changes considerably with increasing loading rate. On the other hand, in 7075-T6 aluminum alloy, macroscopic fracture geometries are not clearly defined, and almost no difference appears in the calibration factor K within the same fracture surface. Moreover, calibrated whole surface area increases linearly with increasing loading rate. In any aluminum alloys, the tends in the loading rate change of calibrated whole fracture surface area, AW, and the total absorbed energy, Et , with loading rate are similar each other. Therefore, the change of fracture surface area is one of the main factors that affect the change of absorbed energy.
|
2022-06-14T05:31:35.933Z
|
21,059,823 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1152/ajprenal.00185.2013",
"MAG": "2162668575",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3725663"
}
|
We tested the hypothesis that low luminal K⁺ inhibits the activity of ROMK channels in the rat cortical collecting duct. Whole-cell voltage-clamp measurements of the component of outward K⁺ current inhibited by the bee toxin Tertiapin-Q (ISK) showed that reducing the bath concentration ([K⁺]o) to 1 mM resulted in a decline of current over 2 min compared with that observed at 10 mM [K⁺]o. However, maintaining tubules in 1 mM [K⁺]o without establishing whole-cell clamp conditions did not affect ISK. The [K⁺]o-dependent decline was not prevented by increasing cytoplasmic-side pH or by inhibition of phosphatase activity. It was, however, abolished by the inclusion of 0.5 mM DTT in the pipette solution to prevent oxidation of the intracellular environment. Conversely, treatment of intact tubules with the oxidant H₂O₂ (100 μM) decreased ISK in a [K⁺]o-dependent manner. Treatment of the tubules with the phospholipase C inhibitor U73122 prevented the effect of low [K⁺]o, suggesting the involvement of this enzyme in the process. We examined these effects further using Xenopus oocytes expressing ROMK2 channels. A 50-min exposure to the permeant oxidizing agent tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP; 500 μM) did not affect outward K⁺ currents with [K⁺]o = 10 mM but reduced currents by 50% with [K⁺]o = 1 mM and by 75% with [K⁺]o = 0.1 mM. Pretreatment of the oocytes with U73122 prevented the effects of t-BHP. Under conditions of low dietary K intake, K⁺ secretion by distal nephron segments may be suppressed by a combination of low luminal [K⁺]o and oxidative stress.
|
2022-08-24T18:50:15.478Z
|
210,360,096 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/02701367.2019.1710446",
"MAG": "2980881105",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://commons.und.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1056&context=ehb-fac"
}
|
ABSTRACT Purpose: To estimate temporal trends in broad jump performance for United States youth, a marker of muscular fitness and health. Method: Electronic databases, topical systematic reviews, and personal libraries were systematically searched for studies reporting descriptive standing broad jump data for apparently healthy United States youth (age 10–17 years). Temporal trends at the sex-age level were estimated using sample-weighted regression models associating the year of testing to mean jump performance, with national trends standardized to the year 1985 using a post-stratified population-weighting procedure. Results: Collectively, there was a small increase of 12.6 cm (95%CI: 12.5 to 12.7) or 7.9% (95%CI: 7.1 to 8.6) in 65,527 United States youth between 1911 and 1990. Increases were greater for girls (change in means [95% CI]: 17.1 cm [16.9 to 17.3]; 11.4% [10.7 to 12.2]) compared to boys (change in means [95% CI]: 8.5 cm [8.3 to 8.7]; 4.6% [3.8 to 5.4]), but did not differ between children (10–12 years) and adolescents (13–17 years). Increases in broad jump performance were not always uniform across time, with steady and progressive increases observed for boys and children, respectively, and a diminishing rate of increase observed for girls and adolescents. Conclusions: Muscular fitness is a good marker of health, so greater broad jump performance from 1911 to 1990 may reflect corresponding changes in health. Routine assessment of broad jump performance may be useful to monitor trends in health and muscular fitness of United States youth due to its practicality, scalability, and predictive utility.
|
2022-08-22T16:10:32.953Z
|
5,017,102 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TED.2018.2809677",
"MAG": "2792130073",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Fabrication of TiO2 nanotubes-based solid-state vapor sensor (Au/TiO2 nanotubes/Ti) and its performance analysis for both resistive- and capacitive-mode sensing mechanisms are discussed here. Highly ordered TiO2 nanotubes array has been synthesized by the electrochemical anodization technique. Structure and morphology of the as-grown TiO2 nanotubes have been characterized using X-ray diffraction and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to study the chemical states of the TiO2 nanotubes. The sensor device has successfully been tested for ethanol vapor. The effect of temperature, pressure, and reducing ambient (i.e., partial pressure of ethanol vapor) has been studied using the impedance analysis method. The resistive and capacitive components of the impedance were measured individually. The sensor resistance decreased by 93.38%, whereas the capacitance increased by 28789.95% after an exposure to 1000 ppm of ethanol. Both the resistive and capacitive sensing performance of Au/TiO2 nanotubes/Ti device have been correlated with the proposed circuit model to achieve an improvised vapor sensing.
|
2022-12-12T22:15:25.360Z
|
64,699,584 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18260/1-2--3059",
"MAG": "2185986856",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://peer.asee.org/3059.pdf"
}
|
A microcontroller based data acquisition system presented is designed for computer engineering students to enhance their knowledge of both microcontrollers and analog circuits, such as A/DC (analog-to-digital conversion), D/AC and integrated-circuit temperature sensors. The system also provides students real-world examples of microcontrollers application and helps students understand how a microcontroller, C language programming, and analog circuits work together to become an embedded system. In addition, it provides a tool for the students to program hardware specific driver codes and to test the system to meet design requirements. The design involves integration of an 8051-based microcontroller, a 12-bit serial A/D converter, an 8-bit D/A converter, an instrumentation operational amplifier, a keypad, and a liquid crystal display. Once the C-language code is compiled, students can download the machine-language code to the system using a PC serial port and do not need any external EPROM burner. The data acquisition system has non-volatile flash memory to hold the code, which allows students to run their code in a stand-alone mode.
|
2022-02-11T13:11:32.625Z
|
247,644,421 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/tim.2022.3161704",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
During the robot-assisted laminectomy, vertebral laminas are removed via automatic milling operation, while inadequate estimation of the remaining lamina thickness will result in dangerous bone milling. In this article, a dynamic milling model is established to analyze the harmonic amplitudes in the milling vibration signals. It is proven that the ratios of harmonic amplitudes in the lamina’s and cutter’s vibration signals are sensitive to the remaining lamina thickness and insensitive to other milling motion parameters. To verify this concept, a robot is applied to mill and thin the porcine spinal lamina layer by layer. The vibration signals of the cutter and lamina are collected simultaneously with an accelerometer and a laser displacement sensor. Fast Fourier transform is applied to extract the amplitude of the harmonic components whose frequency is integer multiples of the cutter spindle frequency. The results show that the classifier can estimate two critical states of the vertebral lamina before the lamina cutoff with a success rate of 98.4% based on these harmonic amplitude ratios. The proposed method is beneficial to improve the safety of the automatic bone milling operation of the spinal surgical robot.
|
2022-11-02T20:39:55.890Z
|
253,445,399 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1590/S2237-96222022000300009",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
OBJECTIVE
to analyze the temporal trend of accidents involving venomous animals in Brazil from 2007 to 2019.
METHODS
this was a cross-sectional study carried out with data from the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System (SINAN). Prais-Winsten linear regression was used for the temporal analysis. We calculated incidence rates according to sex and age group, relative risk and case fatality ratio.
RESULTS
during the study period there were 2,102,657 cases of accidents involving venomous animals. With the exception of snakebite, the remaining accidents showed a rising temporal trend in most regions of the country. Scorpion stings, snake bites and spider bites were responsible for 86% of accidents, mainly affecting male people of working age. Accidents involving snakes (0.4%) and bees (0.3%) had the highest case fatality ratios. Children were the main victims of accidents involving bees, caterpillars and "others".
CONCLUSION
accidents involving venomous animals showed a rising temporal trend for most conditions, as well as different epidemiological profiles.
|
2022-11-12T01:40:48.730Z
|
186,948,172 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/1757-899X/501/1/012030",
"MAG": "2936917436",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Production of technical parts for Mechanical Engineering field is very important. There are many conditions which the produced parts have to satisfy. Very important for functional parts are accuracy of final parts. This accuracy could be evaluated in different ways. For example it can be evaluated shape accuracy or dimensional accuracy. This paper is focused to Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) technology which is used for Additive Manufacturing process. The parts in additive manufacturing are produced directly from virtual model and digital file which could be obtained by direct modelling with CAD software of by 3D scanning. Published paper deals realized research where the full factor experiment was prepared and measured shape and dimensional accuracy of produced specimens. There are designed two types of specimens with different shapes and dimensions. Digital models are processed with different different 3D printer settings. Measured values are evaluated by statistical methods.
|
2022-12-11T06:27:01.025Z
|
221,915,167 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TED.2020.3002880",
"MAG": "3038038542",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
FinFET is the backbone device technology for CMOS electronics at deeply scaled technology nodes per Moore’s law. Recently, the FinFET concept has been leveraged to develop a new generation of vertical power transistors based on wide-bandgap (WBG) and ultrawide-bandgap (UWBG) semiconductors for kilovolts and high-power applications. The sidewall gate-stack in a vertical power FinFET can rely on either a metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) structure or a p-n junction, rendering a Fin-MOSFET or a fin-based junction field-effect transistor (Fin-JFET), respectively. Although the device technologies are still at the early stage of development, 1.2-kV-class WBG gallium nitride (GaN) power Fin-MOSFETs have demonstrated one of the highest static and switching performances in all similarly rated power transistors; UWBG gallium oxide power Fin-MOSFETs have shown high performance up to a breakdown voltage over 2.6 kV. Early UWBG diamond lateral power Fin-MOSFETs have also been demonstrated. Meanwhile, GaN power Fin-JFETs are currently under active development. This article provides a comprehensive tutorial and review of the background and recent advances in WBG and UWBG vertical power FinFETs. It covers fundamental device physics, device and process development, as well as the static and switching performance of various power Fin-MOSFETs and Fin-JFETs. This article is concluded by identifying the current challenges and exciting research opportunities in this very dynamic research field.
|
2022-12-14T23:12:29.733Z
|
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