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25514
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yago
|
3
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https://www.arenbergfoundation.eu/en/house-arenberg
|
en
|
Arenberg Foundation
|
https://www.arenbergfoundation.eu/themes/custom/arenberg/favicon.ico
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[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
en
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/themes/custom/arenberg/favicon.ico
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https://www.arenbergfoundation.eu/en/house-arenberg
|
A number of great families have marked our past and made important contributions to our cultural heritage. Among these, the House of Arenberg.
From its origins in the Eifel, the house of Arenberg came to influence political decision-making in the Middle Ages and up to the 19th century. This European dynastic family moved its power centre to the southern Netherlands during the 16th century. Their fidelity to the Habsburgs was rewarded during that period by elevation to the rank of prince in 1576 and to that of duke in 1644. The House of Arenberg has produced generations of political, military and ecclesiastical dignitaries and numerous patrons of the arts. Palaces, gardens, and 'objets d’art' remain today the tangible witnesses to this glorious past.
|
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25514
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yago
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3
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https://english.elpais.com/people/2023-12-11/princess-delphine-of-belgium-the-extramarital-daughter-of-king-albert-ii-wants-equal-treatment.html
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en
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Princess Delphine of Belgium, the extramarital daughter of King Albert II, wants equal treatment
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] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"EFE",
"El País"
] |
2023-12-11T00:00:00
|
The sculptor, who was legally recognized as the Belgian king emeritus’ child in 2020, is unhappy about not being invited to royal family events
|
en
|
https://static.elpais.com/dist/resources/images/favicon.ico
|
EL PAÍS English
|
https://english.elpais.com/people/2023-12-11/princess-delphine-of-belgium-the-extramarital-daughter-of-king-albert-ii-wants-equal-treatment.html
|
On November 20, 2020, sculptor Delphine Böel made her first official appearance as Delphine of Saxe-Coburg, a full member of the Belgian royal house. After years of struggling to be legally recognized as the daughter of King Albert II (who abdicated in 2013), she officially became Princess of Belgium after a DNA test six weeks earlier proved her parentage. “I represent myself — Delphine — just like always. The outside world may see me differently with this title, but I don’t,” she said at that event, which included an official visit to the Saint Pierre Hospital in Brussels. However, three years later, it appears that she does want something more. Böel recently protested to Prime Minister Alexander De Croo, expressing her dissatisfaction with unequal treatment compared to her siblings, Laurent and Astrid, and exclusion from royal family events.
Belgian newspapers reported that Delphine Saxe-Coburg, through her lawyer Marc Uyttendaele, expressed her desire to be invited to all royal events, not just the national holiday on July 21 or tributes to deceased relatives. The letter mentions how she was left out of the King’s Day celebration on November 15 when the rest of the Belgian royal family gathered for a religious service at the Cathedral of Saint Michael and Saint Gudula in Brussels. This was followed by an event at the National Palace and an exhibition.
Böel’s lawyer confirmed on December 9 that the letter was initially sent to King Philippe, Albert II’s oldest son and Delphine’s half-brother. However, it was later redirected to the Belgian government due to a question of constitutional authority. Uyttendaele clarified that Böel had no desire to “cause controversy” and didn’t want the letter to be leaked. However, he said his client faced an “untenable” situation, torn between staying silent or revealing the truth and potentially damaging the monarchy’s image. “In a spirit of goodwill and discretion, she felt the need to address the uncomfortable situation of being treated differently from her sister Astrid and her brother Laurent — the younger siblings of King Philippe.”
According to the Belgian press, the current princess was appropriately treated differently because she does not receive, nor has she ever requested, public funds. However, her lawyer argues that there is “no justification for not being recognized as a full member of the royal family.”
Following a long legal battle, a Belgian court concluded in 2020 that Delphine Böel was the daughter of Albert II and Baroness Sybille de Selys Longchamps. The court’s decision came seven years after Delphine’s initial paternity lawsuit, which stemmed from the 1999 publication of details about Albert II’s extramarital affair in an unauthorized biography of Queen Paola. Albert II initially denied paternity but was later ordered by the court in 2019 to undergo a DNA test or face fines. The paternity test results led to the court’s decision to bestow Delphine with the same privileges as the younger siblings of the reigning monarch, which included the royal surname and the title of “Her Royal Highness.” But now it seems like that’s not quite enough for Princess Delphine of Belgium.
|
||||
25514
|
yago
|
0
| 47 |
https://royalfamily.org/royal-couple-at-royal-wedding-in-albania/
|
en
|
ROYAL COUPLE AT ROYAL WEDDING IN ALBANIA
|
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[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Stefan Milanovic"
] |
2016-10-08T15:47:31+00:00
|
Their Royal Highnesses Crown Prince Alexander and Crown Princess Katherine are in Tirana as guests of the Albanian Royal
|
en
|
The Royal Family of Serbia
|
https://royalfamily.org/royal-couple-at-royal-wedding-in-albania/
|
Their Royal Highnesses Crown Prince Alexander and Crown Princess Katherine are in Tirana as guests of the Albanian Royal Family (http://www.albanianroyalcourt.al/pages/welcome), for the wedding of His Royal Highness Crown Prince Leka of the Albanians and Miss Elia Zaharia.
The joyful event took place today at the Royal Palace in Tirana in the presence of both the Zaharia and Royal Families. It was followed by a special spiritual multi religious ceremony and many attendees, the wedding day was crowned in the evening by a gala dinner also at the Royal Palace (note the Royal Residence was restituted to Crown Prince Leka).
The Royal wedding was attended by Her Majesty Queen Sofia of Spain, Their Royal Highnesses Prince and Princess Michael of Kent (United Kingdom), Her Royal Highness Princess Léa of Belgium, Their Royal Highnesses Prince Guillaume and Princess Sibilla of Luxembourg, Her Royal Highness Princess Lalla Meryem of Morocco, Their Serene Highnesses Prince Philipp and Princess Isabelle of Liechtenstein, His Royal Highness Prince Nikola II Petrović-Njegoš of Montenegro, Their Imperial Highnesses the Grand Duchess Maria and and Grand Duke George of Russia, Their Royal Highnesses Crown Princess Margareta and Prince Radu of Romania, Their Royal Highness Princess Irene, Prince Michael and Princess Marina of Greece, His Royal Highness Prince Davit Bagrationi of Georgia, His Excellency Ambassador of Serbia Mr. Miroljub Zaric and Mrs. Zaric,and many more.
On Sunday 9 October the Albanian Prime Minister His Excellency Mr. Edi Rama http://www.kryeministria.al/en/government/prime-minister-cabinet/rama-edi will host a farewell a brunch for the guests.
His Royal Highness Crown Prince Leka II of the Albanians was born on the 26th of March 1982 in Johannesburg, South Africa to Their Majesties King Leka I and Queen Susan. The clinic ward was proclaimed Albanian territory for 24 hours by the South African government during his birth. The prince was given the name Leka, Anwar, Zog, Reza, Baudouin, Msiziwe and since his father’s death in 2011 he is the head of the of the Albanian Royal Family. He was proclaimed successor of the Royal Crown by His Majesty King Leka I in 2000 after his 18th birthday according to the Statute of 1928 of the Albanian monarchy. He is the sole head of the orders of the Besa and Skederbej and holds the Grand Cross of the Order of Santi Maurizio de Lazzaro.
Elia Zaharia is the daughter of George Zaharia and Yllka Muji. Her father originates from Kosova of Permeti, a region of Southern Albania. Whilst the Muji family come from Podgorica, Montenegro, later moving to Albania’s northern City of Shkoder during the monarchy. After her marriage to HRH Crown Prince Leka II on October 8th, Miss Zaharia will be known as Her Royal Highness Crown Princess Elia of the Albanians.
|
|||||
25514
|
yago
|
3
| 12 |
https://www.politico.eu/article/belgian-king-prepare-hand-daughter-curse-crown/
|
en
|
Belgian king prepares to hand his daughter the curse of the crown
|
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[] |
[] |
[
"Alexander De Croo",
"Asia",
"Belgium",
"Business and competition",
"Communications",
"Companies",
"Courts",
"Education",
"Feed",
"France",
"Guide",
"History",
"Hospitals",
"Logistics",
"Military",
"Missions",
"Monarchy",
"North Sea",
"Research",
"Society and culture",
"War",
"Youth"
] | null |
[
"Barbara Moens"
] |
2022-07-21T02:00:00+00:00
|
King Philippe has shielded his children from the dark side of royalty. But there’s one child he won’t be able to protect.
|
en
|
https://www.politico.eu/wp-content/themes/politico/assets/images/favicon/favicon.ico
|
POLITICO
|
https://www.politico.eu/article/belgian-king-prepare-hand-daughter-curse-crown/
|
KINSHASA — For a mosquito, any blood will do the job. Royal or not.
Mosquitos pop up everywhere when night falls in the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, even in glamorous five-star hotels that host kings and queens. So when Belgian King Philippe briefed reporters about his first visit to the country, he clutched a bottle of anti-mosquito spray in his hands — almost as a reminder that he too was a human being made from flesh and blood.
In theory, it was a moment when the king could relax. He and his wife, Queen Mathilde, had spent the previous week touring their country’s former colony, navigating a political and diplomatic minefield as he sought to improve ties with a country that Belgium had once subjected to some of the worst abuses in African colonial history.
He had shaken hands and patted children’s heads and held lively discussions with Congolese youth and civil society and helped put the spotlight on the victims in the country’s war-torn east. So on his final evening in the country, all he should really have had to think about was not getting stung by a mosquito.
Except, it wasn’t.
For a king, briefings with reporters — even when they are informal and not to be quoted — just open another minefield. Every sentence, every movement, every look is dissected and analyzed. Whenever the royal couple enters a room, the atmosphere changes. No one ever acts normal in the presence of a king.
“Being born into a royal monarchy can just as much be seen as a curse than as a blessing,” said Mark Van den Wijngaert, a (now retired) specialist in royal history at KU Leuven. “You have to abide by certain rules for which you never chose.”
For Philippe, the downside of royalty has been famously painful. Though the 62-year-old monarch only ascended to the throne nine years ago, his discomfort about living under the public gaze has marked the entirety of his life.
He was mocked in the years before his father’s abdication for his rigid public appearances, at one point prompting the grand marshal in charge of the royal court to quip that “he just can’t do it.” Belgian media questioned his fitness to govern, and royal observers pointed to his difficult childhood; he was the oldest son of a difficult marriage, and by dint of his position was not permitted to take decisions on his education or future.
Since donning the crown, Philippe has by all accounts acquitted himself; but as his public appearances in Congo demonstrated, he continues to wear his royalty with a sense of unease. These days, he has yet another reason for discomfort. While he has accepted his life under the public gaze, Philippe has taken pains to shield his four children from its glare. But there’s one child he won’t be able to protect.
There’s no indication he’s planning to step down anytime soon, but Philippe is already prepping his eldest, Crown Princess Elisabeth, to take his place. And things are moving quickly. Where the international royalty press has mostly paid little attention to Philippe, it can’t seem to get enough of his 20-year-old daughter.
That will be especially apparent on Belgian National Day on July 21 — a public holiday marking the investiture of the country’s first king in 1831 — when the royal family traditionally oversees the military parade. With Elisabeth having recently made her first solo appearance as a member of the royal family, the focus is ever less on the king, and more on his eventual successor.
My kingdom for a king
Being born as prince or princess may sound like a fairytale — but it can also play out as a tragedy. (In the words of one British columnist, “being born a royal is a sophisticated form of child abuse.”) Movie stars are subject to the same attention, but most of the time they’ve sought it. Royals are born into it, and even when they try to escape it, it follows them. (Just ask Harry and Meghan.)
And so, in a time when kings and queens no longer rule empires or lead armies, but visit children’s hospitals and inaugurate military ships, it also raises the question: What exactly is the point?
Without a kingdom or a country, a king is just a man; a queen, just a woman. But in an age of democracies and republics, why do some countries still think they need monarchs? If the cost of royalty is that it robs monarchs of a piece of their humanity, what (aside from the obvious life of luxury) is on the plus side of the ledger?
Throughout history, kings and queens have always bridged the gap between humans and the gods, said Walter Weyns, a sociologist at the University of Antwerp. They may no longer lord over their subjects, but in times of uncertainty and unraveling, they help hold the nation together. They visit the survivors of floods or terrorist attacks, bringing comfort to people in pain.
It’s exactly in times of crises that a monarch becomes important, said KU Leuven’s Van den Wijngaert. Think Belgian King Albert rallying his army against the invading Germans in World War I, or then-British Princess Elizabeth enlisting during World War II to help boost the morale. “The worse the politics get, the more people look up to the king,” Van den Wijngaert said.
It’s no coincidence that in Belgium, with its linguistic and political divisions, the politicians calling loudest for the end of the monarchy are those who want to break their region away from the rest of the country. Along with the national Red Devils football team, the royal family is one of the few things providing a sense of national unity.
Internationally too, kings and queens still have a role to play. Critics of the monarchy dismiss it as a relic of an outdated past, an echo of the courtly excess of figures such as France’s Marie Antoinette. But when it comes to opening doors, that’s exactly the point.
“A small country like Belgium has to play its trump cards whenever it can,” is how Belgian Prime Minister Alexander De Croo, who also often accompanies members of the royal family abroad, put it during Philippe’s trip to Congo. Philippe also played an important role in convincing Alibaba’s founder Jack Ma to open a logistics hub in the deindustrialized city of Liège.
Indeed, it’s often the countries lacking royals that are the most fascinated by them. When Belgian Princess Astrid visited Texas a few years back, a Republican businesswoman sighed to her that “she had always dreamed of being a princess.”
In Asia, there is no better way to open doors for businesses than to take along a royal, said Pieter Timmermans, CEO of the Federation of Belgian Enterprises. He has accompanied members of the royal family on economic missions for well over a decade. “It’s simple: They open doors for our companies which would otherwise remain closed,” he said.
‘Unacceptable’ upbringing
Then there’s the public spectacle part of the job. As anybody with a television knows, royals have become subjects of entertainment, figures of showbusiness, said Mario Danneels, who has been covering European royalty for two decades.
“Look at what a royal wedding or a royal baby does with a nation,” said Weyns, the sociologist. “Royals may live in castles, but they are also people who face love, disease or death. That is a form of comfort for ordinary people.”
Some monarchs have embraced this aspect of the job (the Dutch queen goes skydiving, the Danish crown prince dived into the water to help save a giant bluefin tuna). While the palace is keen to show Philippe sweating when he runs through Brussels or breaking the waves as he kitesurfs on the North Sea, the king still struggles with the more formal aspects of the job, often coming across a bit stiff or uncomfortable.
The discomfort goes back to his childhood. Philippe’s parents, King Albert II and Queen Paola, had a troubled marriage and were largely absent from his upbringing. The child psychiatrist Peter Adriaenssens has called Philippe’s upbringing “unacceptable, something that would justify the intervention of social workers.”
Because he was a future king, Philippe was transferred from a French language school in Brussels, where he was purportedly happy, to a secondary school in Flanders, where he found it difficult to make friends. “In my youth, I had many problems at school,” Philippe told a group of teenage dropouts in 2019. “I felt badly treated. It was not easy for me”
In many ways, Philippe has been a very modern king. He has opened up the gates of the Royal Palace by hiring a modern communications staff, attempted to address his country’s brutal colonial history and recognized a half-sister fathered by Albert II during an extramarital affair the former king had long denied.
But when it comes to his four children, Philippe and Mathilde have done their best to shield them from the public spotlight, to allow them to grow up and live their lives normally, an official in the king’s entourage said.
Danneels, the royalty reporter, remembers how Belgian media got hold of images of Prince Gabriel, the second child, playing a hockey tournament. They were unremarkable pictures, showing Gabriel playing sports with his friends. Nevertheless, the palace was furious.
Next in line
So far, Philippe’s attempts to shield his oldest daughter Elisabeth from an excess of criticism has been successful. The question is how long that will last. “Philippe will do everything in his power to make sure she is thoroughly prepared for the throne,” said Van den Wijngaert.
Like Philippe, Elisabeth has grown up under the eye of the cameras (and her bodyguards). As a toddler, she was told to smile and shake hands because she would be doing that “for the rest of her life.” At the age of 9, she opened a children’s hospital that carried her name. At the age of 12, she addressed the nation in the three official languages. Her 18th birthday was broadcast live on television, in what was described as a commercial for the monarchy.
But it’s only in recent months that she has fully stepped out into the spotlight. In June, she made her official introduction into the European royalty circuit to celebrate the 18th birthday of the Norwegian princes Ingrid Alexandra, together with Dutch Crown Princess Amalia (Ingrid Alexandra suggested they create a WhatsApp group to share their experiences).
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https://www.denverpost.com/2012/11/03/belgium-royal-family-strikes-back-at-allegations-over-crown-prince/
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en
|
Belgium royal family strikes back at allegations over crown prince
|
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2012-11-03T00:00:00
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Belgium royal family strikes back at allegations over crown prince
|
en
|
The Denver Post
|
https://www.denverpost.com/2012/11/03/belgium-royal-family-strikes-back-at-allegations-over-crown-prince/
|
BRUSSELS — This time, Belgium’s royal family came out swinging.
Crown Prince Philippe, 52, had been depicted in a book as less of a man than is needed to become the next king of Belgium. Again.
So, in an exceptional move, the royal palace struck back this week with an official complaint to a media ethics body against a journalist who published “Royal Questions,” a new book that includes damaging allegations about the crown prince’s character and marriage.
The royal household almost never deigns to answer allegations, but the crown prince himself also made an equally rare public denial to the book’s allegations last week.
“The day that Mathilde said ‘Yes’ to my proposal was the happiest day of my life,” he said.
“It is extremely rare to have a reaction like that,” historian Marc Reynebeau said Friday. “It is as if they wanted to show: ‘You can claim whatever, but don’t exaggerate.’ “
The image and credibility of the royal family matters in this European Union nation, which is riven by divisions between its 6.5 million Dutch-speakers and its 4.5 million French-speakers. Three things still unite Belgium: admiration for the king, a taste for fries and beer, and a love of the national soccer team.
Journalists on Friday also questioned the significance of author Frederic Deborsu’s probing into the life of Philippe, who is expected to take over from King Albert.
Referring to allegations about “his ‘forced marriage,’ the birth of his children in a hospital specializing in artificial procreation,” the journalist group AJP said, “Are they really in the public interest?”
For most of his life, the crown prince has been seen as a less-than-credible successor for his father, who is now 78.
Philippe was considered aloof and awkward, with the charisma of a civil servant. Until his engagement a dozen years ago, he was seemingly headed for terminal bachelorship.
“The general perception is that he is not up to the job to become king,” Reynebeau said. “Nobody knows, of course, because it is all speculation.”
King Albert, who succeeded his brother in 1993, saw his own image darkened a dozen years ago when he had to acknowledge that he had fathered a daughter out of wedlock.
The scandal caused by Deborsu’s book comes on the heels of a major municipal election victory by the separatist N-VA party in northern Flanders last month. The party aims to break up the bilingual nation along linguistic lines and is already looking forward to nationwide elections in 2014.
If the country breaks up, Belgium’s royal house would become obsolete.
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https://www.wilsoncenter.org/blog-post/peter-reddaway-dictatorships-appear-stronger-they-are
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en
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Peter Reddaway: Dictatorships Appear Stronger Than They Are
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Wilson Center
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https://www.wilsoncenter.org/blog-post/peter-reddaway-dictatorships-appear-stronger-they-are
|
Last week Peter Reddaway, a remarkable political scientist, researcher of the USSR and Russia, and civil activist who did much to defend human rights in the USSR, passed away. Peter was not only a scholar, he was also a generous, insightful teacher, and always stood out among the scholars of the USSR by his understanding that the USSR was not just Russia.
Born in Cambridge on the eve of World War II, Reddaway was educated at Cambridge University and then at Harvard, Moscow State University, and the London School of Economics. After moving to the United States in the 1980s, he headed the Kennan Institute from 1986 to 1989 and then became a professor at George Washington University.
In 1964, Reddaway, who had studied the Soviet literary process and had lived in the USSR for just under a year, was expelled from the country. He was banned from entering the USSR for twenty-four years. There were many possible reasons for his expulsion: Peter had brought banned literature into the USSR, discussed Soviet realities with friends, and taken an interest in the first dissident trials. However, the immediate reason for the expulsion was his communication with the wife of a “defector,” a Soviet citizen who had remained in the UK, Reddaway writes in The Dissidents: A Memoir (2020).
Reddaway’s first books dealt with human rights abuses in the USSR. Uncensored Russia: The Human Rights Movement in the USSR (1972) consisted of translations of the first eleven issues of Chronicle of Current Events, which documented human rights abuses by the Soviet authorities. After its publication, Reddaway edited translations of a further fifty issues of the Chronicle for Amnesty International. Cowritten with Sydney Bloch, Psychiatric Terror: How Soviet Psychiatry Is Used to Suppress Dissent (1977) and Soviet Psychiatric Abuse (1984) explored the Soviet practice of punitive psychiatry, the forced treatment of dissidents under false psychiatric diagnoses.
In recent years, Reddaway had returned to the subject of the struggle of dissidents against Soviet power. The Dissidents is a competent account of the lives of intellectuals of the late Soviet Union. One of the striking themes of the book is how tightly the KGB infiltrated the lives of Soviet people. A second major theme is the belief that the truth will come out eventually, because you cannot impose blatant lies on society indefinitely.
Activist Scholar
These days the FSB is reviving the practice of punitive psychiatry. There is growing evidence that those convicted in politically motivated criminal trials are being sent to psychiatric hospitals, where patients are constantly humiliated, tied to beds, and forced to take drugs that suppress the will and thinking. To avoid being sent there, it is enough to admit nonexistent guilt.
Reddaway was a keen observer of events in post-Soviet Russia. In 2001, he published The Tragedy of Russia’s Reforms: Market Bolshevism Against Democracy (with Dmitry Glinsky), and in 2003–2004, The Dynamics of Russian Politics: Putin’s Reform of Federal-Regional Relations (with Robert Orttung).
In 2018, Reddaway published a small book, Russia’s Domestic Security Wars: Putin’s Use of Divide and Rule against His Hardline Allies, which showed how Putin used feuds between intelligence agencies to consolidate his power in the 2000s. Reddaway predicted that this system would be replaced by greater consolidation of power with the strengthening of the military. Like Balint Magyar, Reddaway sees Putin’s system as a mafia regime based on personal loyalty, unbridled greed, and intimidation of political opponents.
Reddaway had no illusions about Russia moving toward democracy in the 1990s. Developments in the twenty-first century proved him right. The price of economic reforms was the monopolization of power by the authorities.
From the Soviet experience, Reddaway knew, first, that the USSR was not collectivist but atomized, contrary to declarations, and second, was a deeply depoliticized society, despite the communists’ insistence on the opposite. The depoliticization was caused by the bankruptcy of Soviet ideology, which preceded the collapse of the USSR by a few decades. In the 1970s and 1980s, most Soviet people were only pretending to adhere to socialist ideology. In reality they were only interested in increasing their personal status and wealth.
The market reforms implemented in the early 1990s with Bolshevist determination, uncompromising self-confidence, and a messianic sense of entitlement led to Boris Yeltsin’s rapid loss of popular support, Reddaway shows. By pushing Russia into a deliberately unpopular “shock therapy” strategy, the United States and the IMF unwittingly prevented it from democratizing and adopting a Western identity. As a result, market Bolshevism killed the seeds of democracy by destroying the democratic movement and delegitimizing the system of power.
These policies ran counter to the Russian political and economic culture of the time and failed to take account of Russian values, vulnerabilities, and deficiencies. The antagonism between the reformers and the anti-reformers created by the economic shock therapy paralyzed society for more than a decade, plunging it into political apathy. Yeltsin abandoned democratization in favor of authoritarian modernization, and the pain of reform and the flourishing of corruption gave Russians the idea that democracy was evil.
In the 1990s, says Reddaway, Russia moved from embryonic democracy to chronic instability and disintegration. However, this situation could not continue indefinitely. As early as 1993, he predicted that this trend would be replaced by its opposite, an attempt to reunite the country, possibly on the basis of militant nationalism.
Accurate Prediction of Russia’s Course
Reddaway defined the era in a speech at the 1999 US Senate hearings on Russian corruption, which Joe Biden attended as a senator. Most Russians are alienated from the Russian state, to a considerable extent from capitalism, and even to some extent from democracy because of the ways those institutions appeared for the Russians, Reddaway said. Anti-American sentiment and resentment at the loss of superpower status were on the rise, Reddaway warned. “As in 1917, Russia could make another 180-degree turn, and instead of continuing to engage with the world community, it could shoot off in another direction and become a rogue state again,” he said. This is exactly what happened.
The comparison of the post-Soviet tragedy with 1917 is more justified than might seem at first glance. In both cases, Russia experienced the collapse of an authoritarian imperial regime. This was followed by “intoxicating periods of freedom,” which may have paved the way for democracy and civil society. However, both after the collapse of the Russian Empire and after the collapse of the USSR, this was prevented by the logic of a tragically fractured political culture. People simply started to struggle with each other for survival. A hundred years ago, the Bolsheviks seized and consolidated power in about five years. The FSB took a decade to achieve the same.
However, the alternatives Reddaway offered were not always convincing. For example, he argued that economic transformation could have been achieved less chaotically with a stronger state leadership, and that political transformation could have been achieved more democratically. One of the reviewers of The Tragedy of Russia's Reforms noted that the possibilities for managed economic reform ended in 1985–1987, while democratic forces (albeit weak) did not crystallize until 1989–1991. It was therefore impossible to introduce reforms that would have moved Russia toward democracy and capitalism simultaneously.
Reddaway knew that authoritarian regimes appear stronger than they are. As early as 1967, he stated: "The Soviet regime is very rigid and cannot change and remain stable at the same time. It is therefore weaker than it looks and will eventually collapse. The Putin regime has inherited this rigidity.” Recalling his recent years at the helm of the Kennan Institute, Reddaway even suggested that Putin's dictatorship might not last beyond the 2020s, to be replaced by more liberal regime. However, he warned: "As in the Soviet years, the West should be patient while waiting for a new Russian Gorbachev. It will take even more time and effort for Russia to become a democracy. Nevertheless, long and hard does not mean impossible.”
The opinions expressed in this article are those solely of the author and do not reflect the views of the Kennan Institute
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https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2489332
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en
|
Princess Léa, Princess Alexandre of Belgium
|
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widow of Prince Alexander of Belgium
|
en
|
/static/apple-touch/wikidata.png
|
https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2489332
|
widow of Prince Alexander of Belgium
Lea Wolman
Princess Léa
Princess Lea
Léa Inga Dora Wolman
Léa Wolman
edit
Language Label Description Also known as English
Princess Léa, Princess Alexandre of Belgium
widow of Prince Alexander of Belgium
Lea Wolman
Princess Léa
Princess Lea
Léa Inga Dora Wolman
Léa Wolman
Statements
Identifiers
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https://royalwatcherblog.com/2021/12/02/queen-elisabeths-pearl-and-diamond-leaf-brooch/
|
en
|
Queen Elisabeth’s Pearl and Diamond Leaf Brooch
|
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2021-12-02T00:00:00
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Happy Birthday to Princess Léa of Belgium who turns 70 today! The twice-divorced who married Prince Alexander of Belgium, the first child and only son of King Leopold’s second marriage to Princess Lilian of Réthy. Princess Léa enjoys a good relationship with her late husband’s royal relatives and often attends royal events both in Belgium
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en
|
The Royal Watcher -
|
https://royalwatcherblog.com/2021/12/02/queen-elisabeths-pearl-and-diamond-leaf-brooch/
|
Happy Birthday to Princess Léa of Belgium who turns 70 today! The twice-divorced who married Prince Alexander of Belgium, the first child and only son of King Leopold’s second marriage to Princess Lilian of Réthy. Princess Léa enjoys a good relationship with her late husband’s royal relatives and often attends royal events both in Belgium and abroad. In honour of the Princess’ birthday, we are featuring one of the few heirloom jewels at her disposal: Queen Elisabeth’s Pearl and Diamond Leaf Brooch!
Click HERE to see the full version of this article!
Embed from Getty Images
But first lets learn about Princess Léa! The daughter of Sigismund Wolman, a merchant in Brussels, and Lisa Bornstein, she first married Russian Aristocrat Serge Victorovich Spetschinsky in 1975, having a daughter Laetitia Sergeevna Spetschinskaya, before their divorce in 1980. In 1983, she married Paul Robert Bichara and had a son, Renaud Bichara, before their divorce in 1987. While Léa married Prince Alexander of Belgium, son of King Leopold III and the Princess de Réthy, and the stepbrother of Grand Duchess Joséphine Charlotte of Luxembourg, King Baudouin and King Albert II of Belgium, in 1991, the couple kept their relationship a secret until 1998, over fears of the Princess de Réthy’s reaction. Princess Léa is a member of the patronage committee of the annual night of charity La Nuit des Neiges in Crans-Montana in Switzerland and grants her High Patronage to numerous charities, including the General Assembly of the Yvonne Boël Fund (fight against cancer). After Prince Alexander’s death in 2009, Princess Léa moved out of their villa in Rhode-Saint-Genèse to the Château de Humain. She is regularly seen at foreign royal events, like the Wedding of Crown Prince Leka of Albania and the Wedding of Grand Duke George Mikhailovich of Russia and Princess Victoria Romanovna Romanoff, and also remains close to the Belgian Royal Family!
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On October 2nd, 1900, Prince Albert of Belgium, heir to Belgian throne, married Duchess Élisabeth in Bayern, in a ceremony in Munich. On that occasion, the young Princess received several pieces of jewellery from her European royal relatives. Her younger sister, Princess Marie Gabrielle, and her husband, Prince Rupprecht of Bayern, who also got married earlier that year, presented her with a brooch in the shape of a jet leaf, set in diamonds and five baroque pearls.
Princess Élisabeth wore this brooch quite often, probably due to deep esteem she had to her sister, that died of renal failure at the early age of 34, in 1912. She wore it for several family portraits, together with her husband and three children, Prince Leopold, Prince Charles, and Princess Marie José , taken shortly after the couple succeeded as King and Queen of the Belgians, in 1909.
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Embed from Getty Images
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Unlike other pieces of jewellery that the Queen had redesigned, the Leaf Brooch was kept intact throughout her life. She can be seen wearing it on both daytime events and galas, were the Queen always had a small bouquet of natural flowers pinned by a brooch on her left shoulder. Queen Elisabeth also paired it with her spectacular Cartier Diamond Tiara, her signature piece, for several portraits, and even wore it on her hat.
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The Queen wore this brooch at the Wedding of her grandson, Prince Albert and Princess Paola Ruffo di Calabria in July 1959. After her death in 1965, the Diamond and Pearl Leaf Brooch seems to have been inherited by her eldest son, ex-King Leopold III. However, it does not appear to have been worn publicly by his second wife, Princess Lilian.
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Prince Alexander of Belgium inherited the Diamond and Pearl Brooch either after the death of his father, King Leopold III in 1983, or the death of his mother, Princess Lilian, in 2002. Princess Léa has worn the Brooch on at least one occasion, ‘La Nuit Des Neiges’, a charity gala dinner in aid of Sepp Blatter Football And Humanity Foundation, in 2008. Since Prince Alexander and Princess Léa have no children together, lets hope this Brooch may one day find its back into the main Royal Family, to be one day worn by Queen Elisabeth’s namesake, the Duchess of Brabant!
This article was written by assistant editor, David Rato, who runs the Spanish Royal Jewels account on Instagram!
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https://royalwatcherblog.com/2018/06/08/wedding-of-king-alexander-of-yugoslavia-and-princess-maria-of-romania-1922/
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Wedding of King Alexander of Yugoslavia and Princess Maria of Romania, 1922
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https://www.instagram.com/p/CP1oCvAhWBB/ The Wedding of King Alexander of Yugoslavia and Princess Maria of Romania (wearing the necklace of Elisabeth Feodorovna's Emerald Parure) at the Royal Palace of Belgrade on this day in 1922. The couple had three sons, and remained happily married until his assassination in 1934.
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The Royal Watcher -
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Embed from Getty Images
The Wedding of King Alexander of Yugoslavia and Princess Maria of Romania (wearing the necklace of Elisabeth Feodorovna’s Emerald Parure) at the Royal Palace of Belgrade on this day in 1922. The couple had three sons, and remained happily married until his assassination in 1934.
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Princess Lea, widow of Prince Alexander of Belgium, and other members of the royal family attend the funeral ceremony for Princess Lea's her late husband in Laken, Belgium, 04 December 2009. Prince Al
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Download this stock image: Princess Lea, widow of Prince Alexander of Belgium, and other members of the royal family attend the funeral ceremony for Princess Lea's her late husband in Laken, Belgium, 04 December 2009. Prince Alexander died on 29 November 2009. He was the half-brother of King Albert II of Belgium. Photo: Albert Nieboer (NETHERLANDS OUT) - D4TYHW from Alamy's library of millions of high resolution stock photos, illustrations and vectors.
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Princess Lea, widow of Prince Alexander of Belgium, and other members of the royal family attend the funeral ceremony for Princess Lea's her late husband in Laken, Belgium, 04 December 2009. Prince Alexander died on 29 November 2009. He was the half-brother of King Albert II of Belgium. Photo: Albert Nieboer (NETHERLANDS OUT)
Captions are provided by our contributors.
RMID:Image ID :D4TYHW
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Genealogy for Alexandre Emmanuel Henri Albert Marie Léopold de Belgique (1942 - 2009) family tree on Geni, with over 260 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives.
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Place of Burial: Church of Our Lady of Laeken
Church of Our Lady of Laeken
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https://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-10523651/Queen-Mathilde-Belgium-looks-elegant-navy-memorial-service.html
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Queen Mathilde of Belgium looks elegant in navy at memorial service
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[
"dailymail",
"femail",
"Queen Mathilde of Belgium",
"Royals"
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[
"Bridie Pearson-jones",
"www.facebook.com"
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2022-02-17T14:08:06+00:00
|
Mathilde, 49, looked effortlessly chic in a dark blue dress, with a matching purse, gloves and hat as she was joined by her husband King Phillipe, 61 in Onze-Lieve-Vrouwkerk.
|
/favicon.ico?v=2
|
Mail Online
|
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-10523651/Queen-Mathilde-Belgium-looks-elegant-navy-memorial-service.html
|
Queen Mathilde of Belgium looked elegant in a navy ensemble today as she joined King Philippe and other members of the royal family for a memorial service to commemorate lost loved ones.
Mathilde, 49, looked effortlessly chic in a dark blue dress, with a matching purse, gloves and hat as she was joined by her husband King Phillipe, 61, and his parents King Albert, 87, and Queen Paola, 84.
Also in attendance at the annual mass - held at the Onze-Lieve-Vrouwkerk in Laeken-Laken - was Phillipe's sister Princess Delphine, 53, and her husband Jim O'Hare, as well as his aunt Princess Lea, 70, his sister-in-law Princess Claire.
The annual service commemorates the lives of deceased members of the royal clan, and is usually attended by the most senior members of the Belgian royal family.
Looking effortlessly chic, Mathilde opted for a choker with six layers of strings of pearls.
Keeping her blonde hair coiffed back she showed off a simple pearl earring to complement her necklace.
The royal mother-of-four opted for a natural make-up look, with a light glittering around her eye.
King Albert - who abdicated in 2013 for health reasons - attended the mass with Queen Paola.
The former monarch was spotted with a walking stick while navigating the stairs and and also had a plaster on his head.
Meanwhile, Queen Paola showed there's no age limit on beauty with light make-up look, black coat, and simple pearl earring.
Meanwhile, Princess Lea opted for a brown cape and a black hat with glittering gold earrings.
She tied her blonde hair back and linked arms with Princess Claire who sported black boots, a hat and mask.
Elsewhere, Princess Delphine - the half-sister of King Phillipe - was joined by her Irish-American husband James O'Hare.
Among the people being remembered today was likely the Grand Duke Jean of Luxembourg, who passed in April 2019, aged 2019.
He was very close to the royal family of Belgium, being the brother-in-law of King Albert.
The memorial comes two weeks after Mathilde and Philippe for were pictured on a visit to Muscat in Oman.
The couple met with the Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque on the second day of their official visit to the Sultanate of Oman and United Arab Emirates.
Their official two-day visit to the Sultanate of Oman and United Arab Emirates was arranged to review fields and aspects of common interest for the countries involved.
|
|||||
25514
|
yago
|
0
| 50 |
https://www.royalhouseofgeorgia.ge/albanian-royal-wedding/
|
en
|
Albanian Royal Wedding
|
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[
""
] | null |
[
"Editorial Staff"
] |
2016-10-10T08:43:14+00:00
|
en
|
The Royal House of Georgia
|
https://www.royalhouseofgeorgia.ge/albanian-royal-wedding/
|
Tirana, Albania.
Royal Families from all across Europe congregated in Tirana for the Royal Wedding of His Royal Highness Crown Prince Leka II of the Albanians to Miss Elia Zaharia.
His Royal Highness The Crown Prince Davit of Georgia was invited to attend, alongside with more than 300 members of European Royal and Noble Families, including Her Majesty Queen Sofia of Spain, Their Royal Highnesses The Prince and Princess Michael of Kent, Her Royal Highness The Princess Léa of Belgium, Their Royal Highnesses The Prince Guillaume and Princess Sibilla of Luxembourg, Her Royal Highness The Princess Lalla Meryem of Morocco, Their Serene Highnesses The Prince Philipp and Princess Isabelle of Liechtenstein, Their Royal Highnesses The Crown Prince Alexander and Crown Princess Katherine of Serbia, His Royal Highness The Prince Nikola II Petrović-Njegoš of Montenegro, Their Imperial Highnesses The Grand Duchess Maria and The Grand Duke George of Russia, Their Royal Highnesses The Crown Princess Margareta and Prince Radu of Romania, and Their Royal Highnesses Princess Irene, Prince Michael and Princess Marina of Greece.
The Royal Wedding was held at the Royal Palace in Tirana, which has been restituted to Crown Prince Leka II. At the wedding ceremony, a blessing was given by the religious leaders of Albania, which is a tradition for the Albanian royal family that shows the unity and tolerance between religions in Albania. A gala dinner was held at the Royal Palace in the evening.
The newly married Crown Prince Leka II and Crown Princess Elia of the Albanians and their guests were hosted to a farewell brunch by the Albanian Prime Minister, His Excellency Mr Edi Rama on Sunday 9th October.
34-year old Crown Prince Leka II is the only son of His late Majesty King Leka I and Queen Susan. He was proclaimed successor of the Royal Crown by King Leka in 2000 and on 30 November 2011, he succeeded as head of the House of Zogu, and third Sovereign Head of the Order of Besa and of the Order of Skanderbeg, upon the death of his father.
Prince Leka met Crown Princess Elia in Paris and they became engaged. The Crown Princess Elia is also head of the Queen Geraldine Foundation, which is a humanitarian, charitable and non-profit organisation, created by the Royal Court. The foundation aims to be close to the Albanian families who need help and to children who need care. It has reconstructed numerous schools and kindergartens in northern Albania, especially in the Mat District, from where the Zogu Family comes.
The Crown Prince Davit of Georgia was accompanied by His Excellency don Alfredo Escudero y Díaz-Madroñero, Duke of San Jorge and Grand Chancellor of the Royal House of Georgia at the wedding festivities.
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https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-49958085
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Swedish King Carl Gustaf removes grandchildren from royal house
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2019-10-07T16:01:17+00:00
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The five children lose the status of royal highness and are not expected to perform official duties.
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en
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/bbcx/apple-touch-icon.png
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https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-49958085
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Sweden's king has removed five of his grandchildren from the royal house.
The decision by King Carl XVI Gustaf means the children no longer have the title of royal highness and are not expected to perform official royal duties.
They will remain members of the royal family and retain their titles of dukes and duchesses.
The change has not affected the king's two grandchildren who are in direct line to the throne.
Observers say the move reflects a wider view that there is no need to pay so many members of the royal family for official duties.
Which royals are involved?
The decision, announced in a statement published by the Royal Court of Sweden, regards the two sons of Prince Carl Philip and the three children of Princess Madeleine.
As well as relieving them of their royal duties, the change means that the children - aged between one and five - will not be entitled to receive the taxpayer-funded annual sum known as appanage which is given to members of the royal house.
Royal expert Roger Lundgren said the decision followed scrutiny over the increasing number of royals. "Parliament announced a few years ago that it would have a review of some principles regarding the monarchy. One thing was the size of the family," he said.
He said the king had taken action on his own to deal with the issue and compared the move to reports that the UK's Prince of Wales wanted to "streamline the Royal Family".
He also likened the new role of the five Swedish royals to that of princesses Beatrice and Eugenie, who have pursued their own careers.
What does it mean?
Swedish historian Dick Harrison said the decision was likely made to meet the modern needs of the family, explaining that the Royal House had grown larger than it had been in 100 years and that many thought there was no need to pay so many members or to have them available for official duties.
Being removed from the royal house would also allow the youngsters to "live ordinary lives", he said.
"They don't have to bother with being fenced in. They are made into ordinary people but still members of the royal club," he told the BBC.
He added that the children, who are still princes and princesses, retained a "theoretical claim to the throne" and would likely continue to appear at social gatherings through their titles.
Mr Harrison said there was also ongoing controversy about the funding of the royal house in Sweden but that it had not yet focused on the young children. "The king is preventing a discussion that otherwise would have taken place," he said.
Sweden is just one of several European countries to have a monarchy, along with the UK, Norway, Denmark, Spain, the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg. The traditions and number of people in royal roles vary between countries.
The move on Monday does not affect the position of the children's parents. Princess Madeleine, Prince Carl Philip and his wife Princess Sofia "will continue their work in the non-profit foundations and organisations which they have founded or in which they are involved. In addition, they will perform official duties to the extent decided by His Majesty," the statement said.
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https://www.unofficialroyalty.com/category/currentmonarchies/belgium/page/2/
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Unofficial Royalty
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2020-09-02T18:40:11-05:00
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Unofficial Royalty
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https://www.unofficialroyalty.com/category/currentmonarchies/belgium/
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Category Archives: Belgian Royals
Sybille de Selys Longchamps, Mistress of King Albert II of the Belgians
by Scott Mehl © Unofficial Royalty 2020
Baroness Sybille de Selys Longchamps was the mistress of the future King Albert II of the Belgians from the mid-1960s until the early 1980s. Their child, Delphine Boël, now Her Royal Highness Princess Delphine of Belgium, is well-known to many for having pursued legal acknowledgment of her parentage. This was finally received in early 2020.
Sybille was born on August 28, 1941, in Uccle, Belgium, the second child of Count Michel François de Selys Longchamps and Countess Pauline Cornet de Ways-Ruart. Her father had valiantly served in the Belgian military and was active in the resistance during World War II. He later served as Belgian Ambassador to numerous countries, including the Netherlands, Italy, Luxembourg, and the United States. She had five siblings:
Michel (1938) – married Florence van den Perre
Anne-Michèle (1942) – married Barn Henry van der Straeten Waillet
Jean-Patrick (1944) – married Margaret de Brouwer
Daniel (1946) – unmarried
Nathalie (1951) – married Guy Verhaeghe de Naeyer
In 1962, Sybille married Jonkheer Jacques Boël, a wealthy industrialist. About four years later, Sybille first met the future King Albert (then Prince of Liège) in Athens, Greece, where her father was serving as Ambassador, and Albert and his wife were on holiday. Several months later, she was invited to a dinner and seated right next to him. Soon, the two began an affair that reportedly lasted until around 1982. In 1968, Sybille gave birth to a daughter – Delphine – who was registered as the daughter of Jacques Boël.
Despite their marriages, Sybille and Albert maintained their relationship for many years, and according to Delphine years later, Albert even considered divorcing his wife but Sybille talked him out of it. For reasons unknown, Albert ended their affair somewhat abruptly in 1982, ending all contact with Sybille and their daughter. By then, Sybille had divorced her first husband (in 1978), and in 1982 she remarried to the Honourable Michael-Anthony Rathbone Cayzer, a younger son of Herbert Cayzer, 1st Baron Rocherwick. Sybille and her daughter then lived in England until Cayzer’s death in 1990. Since then, she has split her time between Belgium and Provence.
In 1999, in a biography of Queen Paola, the first public allegation was made of Sybille’s affair with Albert and the subsequent birth of their daughter. The Belgian royal court quickly dismissed the report as “gossip”, but later that year, the King seemed to make reference to the situation. In his Christmas message, he spoke of a “crisis” in his marriage some 30 years earlier that they had overcome, but of which they had been recently reminded. That would be the last public statement on the matter for many years.
Having spoken publicly about the matter for several years, in June 2013, Delphine filed a lawsuit asking King Albert and two of his legitimate children to provide DNA samples to prove her lineage. In September of that year, Sybille appeared on a television program entitled “Our Daughter is Called Delphine”, in which she detailed her relationship with the King and the birth of their child together.
By March 2017, the courts had dismissed Delphine’s lawsuit. But she continued to pursue the matter, and after Jacques Boël was proven to not be her father, a Belgian court instructed the now-former King Albert to provide a DNA sample. Albert appealed the ruling, unsuccessfully, and was assessed with a fine of €5,000 per day until he cooperated. Soon, he did provide a sample, and in January 2020, it was made public that the test had proven that he was, in fact, Delphine’s biological father. In October 2020, the Belgian Court of Appeal ruled that Delphine is entitled to the title of Princess of Belgium and the style of Royal Highness. This also applies to her children. She is also entitled to inherit one-quarter of the former King’s estate, a share equal to those of his legitimate children.
This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
Caroline Lacroix, Mistress of King Leopold II of the Belgians
by Scott Mehl © Unofficial Royalty 2020
Caroline Lacroix was the royal mistress of King Leopold II of the Belgians from 1900 until his death in 1909. She was just sixteen years old when their relationship began, while the King was nearly fifty years her senior.
Blanche Zélia Joséphine Delacroix – later known as Caroline Lacroix – was born in Bucharest, Romania on May 13, 1883, the 13th child of Jules Delacroix and Catherine Josephine Sebille. By the time she was in her mid-teens, she was the mistress of a former French army officer, Antoine-Emmanuel Durrieux, who often arranged for Caroline to provide ‘company’ to other wealthy men to support themselves. Through these encounters, Caroline caught the attention of King Leopold II of the Belgians.
King Leopold II sent a messenger to arrange a meeting with Caroline which went well enough that the King asked Caroline to accompany him on a trip to Austria. Just sixteen years old at the time, Caroline was far from discreet about her new relationship with the King. It quickly became public knowledge and was discussed widely in the Belgian media. She frequently accompanied Leopold on his travels, including accompanying him to London in 1901 for the funeral of Queen Victoria. Following the death of his wife, Queen Marie Henriette in 1902, Leopold arranged for Caroline to move into Villa Van der Borght, just outside the grounds of the Royal Palace of Laeken. He even had a footbridge built so he could easily visit her regularly.
The couple had two sons together:
Lucien Philippe Marie Antoine ( 1906 –1984), Duke of Tervuren
Philippe Henri Marie François (1907 – 1914), Count of Ravenstein
At the time of Lucien’s birth, Leopold granted Caroline the title Baroness de Vaughan, and both sons were given courtesy titles. However, the titles were never formally granted by royal decree, making them strictly honorary titles. Both sons’ births were registered in France with only Caroline’s name.
During their relationship, King Leopold II lavished Caroline with gifts – including several residences. In addition to Villa Van der Borght in Laeken, he also purchased the Villa Les Cédres in Cap Ferrat 1904 for Caroline to use, and in 1908 he bought and gifted her the Château de Balincourt in northern France. In addition to these, she also had use of Villa Leopolda, a sprawling villa that Leopold had built on the French Riviera in 1902.
In addition to these various homes, Caroline received gifts of clothes and jewels and amassed a significant fortune. Caroline was known to boast about her newfound wealth, often claiming that her sons would be more wealthy than the richest men in England.
Sensing his impending death, on December 12, 1909, King Leopold II and Caroline were married in a religious ceremony at the Palace of Laeken. However, no civil ceremony was held – a requirement under Belgian law – and the marriage was not deemed legal. Five days later, King Leopold died, with Caroline and their two sons by his side.
Knowing she would no longer be welcome within the Belgian royal family, Caroline quickly moved on with her life. Just seven months after Leopold’s death, she married her former lover, Antoine-Emmanuel Durrieux, who helped her negotiate through the financial arrangements left for her by King Leopold II. Durrieux adopted her two sons, but the marriage soon ended.
She then lived a quieter life, often in the company of her elder son, and spending time at her various homes around Europe. In 1937, she published her memoirs, and on February 12, 1948, she died in Cambo-les-Bains, France. She is buried in the Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris, France.
This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
Arcadie Claret, Mistress of King Leopold I of the Belgians
by Scott Mehl © Unofficial Royalty 2020
Arcadie Claret was the mistress of King Leopold I of the Belgians from around 1842 until the King’s death in 1865.
Marie Anne Arcadie Eugénie Claret was born in Brussels on May 30, 1826, one of thirteen children of Major Charles-Joseph Claret and Henriette Neetesonne. Her father was a veteran of Napoleon’s army and the treasurer of the Ministry of War’s Fund for Widows and Orphans of the Belgian Army.
Arcadie was just in her late teens when she became the mistress of King Leopold I. The King moved her into a grand house in Saint-Josse-ten-Node near Brussels, where he visited often. Because their relationship became publicly known and widely discussed in the press, Leopold arranged a marriage between Arcadie and Ferdinand Meyer, his Master of the Stable and friend. This marriage of convenience took place in 1845 and provided some relief from the intense speculation about Arcadie and her relationship with Leopold. Arcadie and Leopold had two sons together. Both were registered as the children of her husband, and given the surname Meyer:
Georg Meyer, Baron von Eppinghoven (November 14, 1849-February 3, 1904) – born at the monastery of Saint-Joseph des Filles de la Croix in Liège, served as an officer in the Prussian Army. He and his wife, Anna Brust (a former chambermaid of his mother’s), had three children. They lived primarily at the family farm in Langenfeld before his death in Monheim in 1904.
Arthur Meyer, Baron von Eppinghoven (September 25, 1852 – November 9, 1940) – born at the Château de Stuyvenberg Laken, served as Grand Marshal of the Grand Ducal Court of Coburg. He and his wife, Anna Harris, had one daughter. After the fall of the German monarchies in 1918, he returned to Belgium, formally changing his surname to von Eppinghoven, and took Belgian citizenship. He received some financial support from his half-nephew, King Albert I of the Belgians, and is buried near the Royal Crypt in the cemetery of Laeken.
The subject of intense criticism following the birth of her first child, Arcadie left Belgium in late 1850, just days before King Leopold’s wife Queen Louise Marie, died. After living for a year in Germany, Arcadie returned to Belgium in the fall of 1851, determined to maintain a discreet profile. With financial help from Leopold, she purchased the Château de Stuyvenberg for 80,000 francs, just steps from the Palace of Laeken. Over the next few years, she had the Château enlarged to provide a home for her own family, her mother, and several siblings. Here, the King would often visit every day, enjoying a quiet family life with Arcadie and their sons.
In addition to purchasing Stuyvenberg, Arcadie received a farmhouse in Monheim, Germany, from the King in 1851. A modest residence – originally an abbey farm named Eppinghoven – Arcadie soon had a more substantial castle built and following the King’s death, she would spend the remainder of her life there.
In 1862, a year after Arcadie and her husband formally separated, King Leopold I sought to secure the future of their sons. He attempted to have them elevated to the Belgian nobility but the government denied his request. Instead, he asked his nephew, Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, to establish noble titles within the Coburg nobility. Both George and Arthur were created Baron von Eppinghoven in 1862, and the following year, Arcadie was also elevated to Baroness von Eppinghoven. I 1870, Arcadie purchased a farm – the Langfort Domain – in Langenfeld for her sons – once again with the help of King Leopold and his generosity.
During the relationship, which lasted over 20 years, Arcadie and King Leopold were devoted to each other. She often accompanied him on his travels and visits abroad and maintained a peaceful and quiet home for the King in Belgium. Stuyvenberg became a refuge for him from the stresses of his role.
Following the King’s death in December 1865, Arcadie was no longer welcome within the Belgian royal family. Within days of his death, Arcadie and her sons left Brussels and settled at her castle in Monheim. Despite leaving, she maintained ownership of Stuyvenberg for the next 24 years before finally selling it – through an intermediary – to King Leopold II who later transferred it to the Royal Trust.
Arcadie Claret Meyer, Baroness von Eppinghoven, lived a quiet and private life in Monheim for the next 31 years before passing away there on January 13, 1897.
This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
First Cousins: Philippe, King of the Belgians
by Susan Flantzer
© Unofficial Royalty 2019
Philippe, King of the Belgians (born 1960)
(All photos credits – Wikipedia unless otherwise noted)
Philippe, King of the Belgians was born on April 15, 1960, at the Château du Belvédère in Laeken, Brussels, Belgium. He was the eldest of the three children and the elder of the two sons of Albert II, King of the Belgians and Paola Ruffo di Calabria. His father Albert II was the second of the two sons and the youngest of the three children of Leopold III, King of the Belgians and his first wife Princess Astrid of Sweden. His mother Paola Ruffo di Calabria came from an Italian noble family. She was the seventh and youngest child of World War I Italian flying ace Prince Fulco Ruffo di Calabria and Countess Luisa Gazelli dei Conti de Rossana e di Sebastiano. Philippe married Mathilde d’Udekem d’Acoz and had two daughters and two sons. He became King of the Belgians on July 21, 2013, upon the abdication of his father King Albert II.
Philippe has 25 first cousins. He shares his first cousins with his siblings Princess Astrid of Belgium, Archduchess of Austria-Este and Prince Laurent of Belgium.
Unofficial Royalty: Philipps, King of the Belgians
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King Philippe’s Paternal Aunts and Uncles: Children of Leopold III, King of the Belgians and his first wife Princess Astrid of Sweden
Princess Josephine-Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (1927 – 2005), married Grand Duke Jean of Luxembourg, had issue
Baudouin, King of the Belgians (1930-1993), married Fabiola de Mora y Aragón, no issue
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King Philippe’s Paternal Half Aunts and Uncles: Children of King Leopold III of the Belgians and his second wife Lilian Baels
Prince Alexandre of Belgium (1942 -2009), married Léa Inga Dora Wolman, no children
Princess Marie-Christine of Belgium (1951), married (1) Paul Druker, no issue, divorced; (2) Jean-Paul Gourgues, no issue
Princess Marie-Esméralda of Belgium (1956), married Sir Salvador Moncada, had two children
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King Philippe’s Maternal Aunts and Uncles: Children of Prince Fulco Ruffo di Calabria and Countess Luisa Gazelli dei Conti de Rossana e di Sebastiano
Maria Cristina Ruffo di Calabria (1920–2003), married (1) Casimiro San Martino d´Aglie dei Marchesi di San Germano, had issue; (2) Count Ernesto Rossi di Montelera, had issue
Laura Ruffo di Calabria (1921–1972), married Bettino, Baron Ricasoli Firidolfi, 31th Baron of Brolio, had issue
Fabrizio, Prince Ruffo di Calabria-Santapau, 13th Prince of Palazzolo, 14th Prince of Scilla, 7th Duke of Guardia Lombarda, 13th Marquis of Scilla and 18th Count of Sinopoli (1922–2005), married Maria Vaciago, had issue
Augusto Ruffo di Calabria (1925–1943), unmarried, killed in battle at sea during World War II, unmarried
Giovannella Ruffo di Calabria (1927–1941), unmarried
Antonello Ruffo di Calabria (1930–2017), married Rosa Maria Mastrogiovanni Tasca, had issue
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PATERNAL FIRST COUSINS
Paternal First Cousins: Children of Princess Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium and Grand Duke Jean of Luxembourg
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Princess Marie Astrid with her husband
Princess Marie Astrid of Luxembourg, Archduchess of Austria (born 1954)
Princess Marie Astrid of Luxembourg married Archduke Carl Christian of Austria, a grandson of the last Emperor of Austria-Hungary, Karl I. The couple had two daughters and three daughters. Marie Astrid earned her certification as a registered nurse with a specialized certificate in tropical medicine.
Unofficial Royalty: Princess Marie Astrid of Luxembourg
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Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg (born 1955)
Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg has been the reigning Grand Duke of Luxembourg since the abdication of his father Grand Duke Jean in 2000. Henri married Maria Teresa Mestre y Batista-Falla who was born in Havana, Cuba, and they have four sons and one daughter.
Unofficial Royalty: Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg
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Prince Jean of Luxembourg (born 1957)
Prince Jean of Luxembourg is the twin brother of Princess Margaretha of Luxembourg. A year after having a child, Prince Jean and Hélène Vestur married. At the time of their child’s birth, Jean gave up his succession rights. Jean and Hélène had a total of four children. Hélène and her children took the surname ‘de Nassau’ with no royal style or title. They were later raised to Count/Countess de Nassau. Grand Duke Henri elevated the children to Prince/Princess of Nassau, with the style of Royal Highness. However, Jean’s children do not have any succession rights. After seventeen years of marriage, Jean and Hélène divorced. Jean made a second marriage with Diane de Guerre. She holds the title of Countess de Nassau. They have no children.
Unofficial Royalty: Prince Jean of Luxembourg
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Princess Margaretha of Luxembourg, Princess of Liechtenstein (born 1957)
Princess Margaretha of Luxembourg is the twin sister of Prince Jean of Luxembourg. She married Prince Nikolaus of Liechtenstein, the third son of Prince Franz Josef II of Liechtenstein and Countess Georgina von Wilczek, and a younger brother of the currently reigning Prince Hans-Adam II. The marriage of Margaretha and Nikolaus would be the last between two reigning royal houses in Europe. The couple had four children.
Unofficial Royalty: Princess Margaretha of Luxembourg
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Prince Guillaume of Luxembourg (born 1963)
Prince Guillaume of Luxembourg married Sibilla Weiller y Torlonia, a distant cousin. Sibilla, a descendant of Queen Victoria through her daughter Princess Beatrice, is a granddaughter of Infanta Beatriz of Spain and a second cousin to King Felipe VI of Spain. Guillaume and Sibilla had four children.
Unofficial Royalty: Prince Guillaume of Luxembourg
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Paternal Half First Cousins: Children of Princess Marie-Esmerelda of Belgium and Salvador Moncada)
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Princess Esmeralda of Belgium with her husband Salvador Moncada with their children Leopoldo and Alexandra
Alexandra Léopoldine Moncada (born 1998)
Leopoldo Daniel Moncada (born 2001)
Alexandra and Leopoldo’s mother Princess Marie-Esmerelda of Belgium was the daughter of Leopold III, King of the Belgians and his second wife Lilian Baels. Lilian and Leopold married in a religious ceremony held in the chapel at the Palace of Laeken in 1941. The couple planned to hold a civil ceremony after the war, but instead held it in December of the same year, after discovering that they were expecting a child. There were several issues with the marriage which further damaged Leopold’s reputation with the Belgian people. First, the order of the ceremonies went against Belgian law, which states that a civil ceremony must take place before a religious one. Secondly, many Belgians felt that the marriage sullied the memory of Leopold’s first wife, their beloved Queen Astrid who had died in a car accident at the age of 29. Following the marriage, Lilian was given the title Princess de Réthy and was not styled as Queen. It was also decided that any children would be Prince/Princess of Belgium, but without any rights of succession. Leopold and Lilian had three children.
Alexandra and Leopoldo are not in the Belgian line of succession and are not considered members of the Belgian Royal Family. They are private citizens and do not perform any royal functions. Their father Sir Salvador Moncada is a Honduran-British pharmacologist and they have lived in Belgian, Honduras and the United Kingdom.
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MATERNAL FIRST COUSINS
Maternal First Cousins: Children of Maria Cristina Ruffo di Calabria and Casimiro San Martino d´Aglie dei Marchesi di San Germano
Emanuela San Martino d’Agliè married Count Ernesto Rossi di Montelera, had four daughters
Antonella San Martino d’Agliè married Count Ippolito Calvi di Bergolo Rocca Saporiti, had one son
Giovanna San Martino d’Aglie (born 1945) married Alvaro de Orléans-Borbón y Parodi Delfino (son of Infante Alvaro de Orléans-Borbón, Duke of Galliera and Princess Beatrice of Edinburgh and Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, granddaughter of Queen Victoria), divorced, had one daughter and two sons
Nicolo San Martino d’Aglie (born 1948) married (1) Princess Catherine Napoléon (daughter of Louis, Prince Napoléon), divorced, no children (2) Nobile Anna Maria Gazzana Priaroggia, had three sons and one daughter
Filippo San Martino d’Agile di San Germano (born 1953) married Cristina Maria Margherita Flesia. had two sons
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Maternal First Cousins: Children of Laura Ruffo di Calabria and Bettino, Baron Ricasoli Firidolfi, 31th Baron of Brolio
Andrea Ricasoli Firidolfi Zanchini Marsuppini Acciaiuoli Salviati (1948 – 1982)
Luisa Ricasoli Firidolfi Zanchini Marsuppini Acciaiuoli Salviati (born 1950) married Carlo Lodovico Bicocchi, had three daughters
Maria Teresa Ricasoli Firidolfi Zanchini Marsuppini Acciaiuoli Salviati (born 1954) married Roberto Giunta, had two daughters
Giovanni Francesco Ricasoli Firidolfi Zanchini, (born 1956) married Eva Holmstrom, had one daughter
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Maternal First Cousins: Children of Fabrizio, Prince Ruffo di Calabria-Santapau and Maria Vaciago
Fulco IX, Prince Ruffo di Calabria (1954), Head of the House of Ruffo di Calabria, married and divorced Melba Vincens Bello and then married for a second time to Luisa Tricarico.
Augusto Ruffo di Calabria (born 1955) married Princess Christiana zu Windisch-Graetz and had two daughters and one son.
Imara Ruffo di Calabria (born 1958) married (1) Uberto Imar Gashe, had one daughter, divorced (2) Baron Marco Tonci Ottieri della Ciaia, had one son
Umberto Ruffo di Calabria (born 1960) married Leontina, Marchesa Pallavicini and had one son and one daughter
Alessandro Ruffo di Calabria (born 1964) married (1) Princess Mafalda of Savoy-Aosta, divorced (2) Marzia Palau
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Maternal First Cousins: Children of Antonello Ruffo di Calabria and Rosa Maria Mastrogiovanni Tasca
Covella Ruffo di Calabria (born 1962)
Lucio Ruffo di Calabria (born 1964)
Domitilla Ruffo di Calabria (born 1965) married Don Giovanni dei Baroni Porcari Li Destri and had one son and one daughter.
Claudia Ruffo di Calabria (born 1969) married Marcello Salom.
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This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
Works Cited
Lundy, D. (2019). Main Page. [online] Thepeerage.com. Available at: http://www.thepeerage.com/. (for genealogy information)
Unofficial Royalty. (2019). Unofficial Royalty. [online] Available at: https://www.unofficialroyalty.com. (for biographical and genealogy information)
Wikipedia. (2019). Main Page. [online] Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/. (for biographical and genealogy information)
First Cousins: Albert II, King of the Belgians
by Susan Flantzer
© Unofficial Royalty 2019
Albert II, King of the Belgians (born 1934)
(All photos credits – Wikipedia unless otherwise noted)
Albert II, King of the Belgians was born at Stuyvenberg Castle in Laeken, Brussels, Belgium on June 6, 1934, the second of the two sons and the youngest of the three children of Leopold III, King of the Belgians and Princess Astrid of Sweden. His elder brother was Baudouin, King of the Belgians and his sister Joséphine-Charlotte was the wife of Grand Duke Jean of Luxembourg.
Albert’s father Leopold III was the eldest of the two sons and the eldest of the three children of Albert I, King of the Belgians and Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria. Princess Astrid of Sweden, his mother, was the third of the four children and the youngest of the three daughters of Prince Carl of Sweden, Duke of Västergötland, and Princess Ingeborg of Denmark. Princess Astrid’s paternal grandparents were King Oscar II of Sweden and Sofia of Nassau. Her maternal grandparents were King Frederick VIII of Denmark and Louise of Sweden. Albert married Paola Ruffo di Calabria and had two sons and one daughter. In 2013, Albert II, King of the Belgians abdicated in favor of his son Philippe.
King Albert II has ten first cousins. He shares his first cousins with his siblings Princess Josephine-Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg and Baudouin, King of the Belgians and his paternal first cousins with his half-siblings from his father’s second marriage to Lilian Baels, Prince Alexandre, Princess Marie-Christine, and Princess Marie-Esméralda.
Unofficial Royalty: Albert II, King of the Belgians
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King Albert II’s Paternal Aunts and Uncles: Children of Albert I, King of the Belgians and Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria
Prince Charles, Count of Flanders, Prince Regent (1903-1983), unmarried, illegitimate daughter with Jacqueline Wehrli
Princess Marie-José, Queen of Italy (1906-2001), married King Umberto II of Italy, had issue
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King Albert II’s Maternal Aunts and Uncles: Children of Prince Carl of Sweden, Duke of Västergötland, and Princess Ingeborg of Denmark
Princess Margaretha of Sweden, Princess of Denmark (1899 -1977); married Prince Axel of Denmark, had issue
Princess Märtha of Sweden, Crown Princess of Norway (1901-1954); married Crown Prince Olav of Norway (died before he became King of Norway), had issue
Prince Carl of Sweden, Duke of Östergötland (1911- 2003); married (1) Countess Elsa von Rosen, lost his royal status upon marriage, became Prince Carl Bernadotte, had issue, divorced; (2) Ann Margareta Larsson, no issue, divorced; (3) Kristine Rivelsrud, no issue
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PATERNAL FIRST COUSINS
Paternal First Cousins: Children of Princess Marie José of Belgium and King Umberto II of Italy
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Princess Maria Pia of Savoy (born 1934)
Princess Maria Pia of Savoy met her husband Prince Alexander of Yugoslavia, son of Prince Paul of Yugoslavia and Princess Olga of Greece and Denmark, on the famous royal cruise on the yacht Agamemnon, hosted by the Greek royal family. The couple had twin sons, another son and a daughter before they divorced. Maria Pia married a second time to Prince Michel of Bourbon-Parma, son of Prince René of Bourbon-Parma and Princess Margaret of Denmark.
Wikipedia: Princess Maria Pia of Savoy
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Prince Vittorio Emanuele of Savoy, Prince of Naples (born 1938)
Prince Vittorio Emanuele uses the title Duke of Savoy and claims the headship of the House of Savoy although this claim is disputed by the Dukes of Aosta. He married Marina Ricolfi-Doria, Swiss biscuit heiress and a former world-ranked water skier. They had one son.
Wikipedia: Prince Vittorio Emanuele of Savoy, Prince of Naples
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Princess Maria Gabriella of Savoy (born 1940)
After Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran divorced his second wife, he expressed interest in marrying Princess Maria Gabriella. However, Pope John XXIII strongly disapproved and forbade the marriage. The princess married Romanian entrepreneur Robert Zellinger de Balkany with whom she had one daughter. The couple divorced after fourteen years of marriage. After the death of her father, the former King Umberto II of Italy, Princess Maria Gabriella launched the King Umberto II Foundation, dedicated to preserving the history and legacy of the House of Savoy. She is a watercolor artist, and a writer, and has published several books on her family.
Wikipedia: Princess Maria Gabriella of Savoy
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Princess Maria Beatrice of Savoy (born 1943)
Princess Maria Beatrice of Savoy wanted to marry Italian actor Maurizio Arena but was prevented by her family. Instead, she married Argentinian Luis Rafael Reyna-Corvalán y Dillon. The couple had one daughter and two sons, one of whom died shortly after birth and the other died at the age of 24 after falling from the terrace of his home. Maria Beatrice and her husband divorced after 27 years of marriage and a year later her former husband was murdered.
Wikipedia: Princess Maria Beatrice of Savoy
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MATERNAL FIRST COUSINS
Maternal First Cousins: Children of Princess Margaretha of Sweden and Prince Axel of Denmark
Prince George Valdemar of Denmark (1920 – 1986)
Prince George Valdemar was the second husband of Anne Bowes-Lyon, a first cousin of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom. The couple had no children. Because the prince received permission from King Frederik IX of Denmark to marry, he remained in the line of succession. However, he lost his place in the line of succession three years later because the Danish Act of Succession of 1953 restricted the throne to those descended from King Christian X of Denmark.
Wikipedia: Prince George Valdemar of Denmark
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Count Flemming Valdemar of Rosenborg (1922 – 2002)
Born His Highness Prince Flemming Valdemar of Denmark, he lost his place in the succession when he married Ruth Nielsen without the permission of King Frederik IX of Denmark. The couple had three sons and one daughter.
Wikipedia: Count Flemming Valdemar of Rosenborg
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Maternal First Cousins: Children of Princess Märtha of Sweden, Crown Princess of Norway and the future King Olav V of Norway
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Princess Ragnhild of Norway, Mrs. Lorentzen (1930 – 2012)
Princess Ragnhild was the first native Norwegian princess born in Norway in over 600 years. She married Erling Lorentzen, a commoner and her former bodyguard. Reportedly, her grandfather King Haakon VII consented to the marriage only after the intervention of Ragnhild’s mother Crown Princess Märtha. Upon her marriage, Ragnhild lost her style of Royal Highness, becoming known instead as Her Highness Princess Ragnhild, Mrs. Lorentzen. Ragnhild and her husband had one son and two daughters.
Unofficial Royalty: Princess Ragnhild, Mrs. Lorentzen
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Princess Astrid, Mrs. Ferner (born 1932)
Princess Astrid married Johan Martin Ferner, a Norwegian sailor and Olympic medalist. Ferner’s father was a master tailor and established a department store in Oslo, Norway which his son inherited. Because of her marriage to a commoner, Astrid lost her style of Her Royal Highness, becoming just Her Highness. The couple had three daughters and two sons.
Unofficial Royalty: Princess Astrid, Mrs. Ferner
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King Harald V of Norway (born 1937)
In 1959, Harald met Sonja Haraldsen, a friend of a friend, at a party. The relationship between the Crown Prince and Sonja was controversial as many people including politicians and journalists felt the Crown Prince should marry a princess and not a Norwegian commoner. The controversy continued for years as did the relationship and Harald made it clear he would not marry if he could not marry Sonja. Finally, in 1968, when King Olav V felt the position of the Norwegian people had changed to favor Sonja, he consulted with parliamentary leaders and other government leaders and gave his consent for the Crown Prince to marry a commoner. The couple had two children.
Unofficial Royalty: King Harald V of Norway
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Maternal First Cousins: Children of Prince Carl Bernadotte, born Prince Carl of Sweden, Duke of Östergötland, and Countess Elsa von Rosen
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Countess Madeleine Bernadotte. Mrs. Kogevinas and Bernhard Mach
Countess Madeleine Bernadotte, Mrs. Kogevinas (born 1938)
Madeleine first married Charles Ullens, Count de Schooten-Whetnall. The couple had three daughters and one son before they divorced after 18 years of marriage. Madeleine married again to Nicos Eletherios Kogevinas and they had one daughter.
The Peerage: Madeleine Ingeborg Ella Astra Elsa Bernadotte, Countess Bernadotte
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Works Cited
Lundy, D. (2019). Main Page. [online] Thepeerage.com. Available at: http://www.thepeerage.com/. (for genealogy information)
Unofficial Royalty. (2019). Unofficial Royalty. [online] Available at: https://www.unofficialroyalty.com. (for biographical and genealogy information)
Wikipedia. (2019). Main Page. [online] Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/. (for biographical and genealogy information)
This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
Princess Eléonore of Belgium
by Susan Flantzer © Unofficial Royalty 2019
Princess Eléonore of Belgium with her mother Queen Mathilde
Princess Eléonore of Belgium was born on April 16, 2008, in Erasmus Hospital in Anderlecht, Belgium. She is the youngest of four children and the second of the two daughters of King Philippe of the Belgians and his wife Queen Mathilde (née Mathilde d’Udekem d’Acoz).
Eléonore was christened at Ciergnon Castle in Ciergnon, Belgium on June 14, 2008.
She was given the names Eléonore Fabiola Victoria Anne Marie:
Eléonore: continued the tradition of El-/-el names of King Philippe’s children
Fabiola: for her great-aunt, Queen Fabiola of Belgium
Victoria: for her godmother, Crown Princess Victoria of Sweden
Anne: for her maternal grandmother, Countess Anna d’Udekem d’Acoz
Marie: for the Virgin Mary, traditional with Catholic royalty, also the second name of her maternal grandmother
Her godparents were:
Crown Princess Victoria of Sweden
Princess Claire of Belgium, her paternal aunt by marriage, born Claire Coombs
Count Sébastien von Westphalen zu Fürstenberg
Princess Eléonore’s family in 2022: Princess Eléonore, Prince Gabriel, Queen Mathilde, King Philippe, Princess Elisabeth, and Prince Emmanuel
Eléonore has three elder siblings:
Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant (born 2001)
Prince Gabriel (born 2003)
Prince Emmanuel (born 2005)
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Eléonore began her education at Sint-Jan Berchmanscollege, where the instruction is in Dutch, in the Marolles district of Brussels, the capital of Belgium. In 2020, Eléonore began her secondary education at Heilig-Hartcollege (Sacred Heart College), a Dutch-language Catholic secondary school in Wezembeek-Oppem, six miles east of Brussels, Belgium.
This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
Prince Emmanuel of Belgium
by Susan Flantzer © Unofficial Royalty 2019
Prince Emannuel after completing the 42nd edition of the Brussels’ 20km run, 2022
Prince Emmanuel of Belgium was born on October 4, 2005, in Erasmus Hospital in Anderlecht, Belgium. He is the third of the four children and the younger of the two sons of King Philippe of the Belgians and his wife Queen Mathilde (née Mathilde d’Udekem d’Acoz).
Emmanuel was christened at Ciergnon Castle in Ciergnon, Belgium on December 10, 2005.
His godparents were:
Countess Elisabeth d’Udekem d’Acoz, his maternal aunt
Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg, his paternal second cousin
He was given the names Emmanuel Léopold Guillaume François Marie:
Emmanuel: continued the tradition of El-/-el names of King Philippe’s children
Léopold: for his great-grandfather, King Leopold III of Belgium
Guillaume: for his godfather Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg
François: for Saint Francis of Assisi because Gabriel was born on his feast day
Marie: for the Virgin Mary, traditional with Catholic royalty
Prince Emmanuel’s family in 2022: Princess Eléonore, Prince Gabriel, Queen Mathilde, King Philippe, Princess Elisabeth, and Prince Emmanuel
Emmanuel has three siblings:
Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant (born 2001)
Prince Gabriel (born 2003)
Princess Eléonore (born 2008)
Prince Emmanuel has dyslexia and so he attended Eureka School Kessel-Lo near Leuven, Belgium, a school for children of normal intelligence and gifted children who have dyslexia. Since August 2020, Emmanuel has attended The International School of Brussels, an English-language private school in Watermael-Boitsfort, near Brussels, Belgium.
This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
Prince Gabriel of Belgium
by Susan Flantzer © Unofficial Royalty 2019
Prince Gabriel with his father King Philippe
Prince Gabriel of Belgium was born on August 20, 2003, in Erasmus Hospital in Anderlecht, Belgium. He is the elder of the two sons and the second of four children of King Philippe of the Belgians and his wife Queen Mathilde (née Mathilde d’Udekem d’Acoz).
Gabriel was christened at Ciergnon Castle in Ciergnon, Belgium on October 25, 2003.
His godparents were:
Baroness Maria Christina von Freyberg, his paternal second cousin
Count Charles-Henri d’Udekem d’Acoz, his maternal uncle
He was given the names Gabriel Baudouin Charles Marie:
Gabriel: continued the tradition of El-/-el names of King Philippe’s children
Baudouin: for his great-uncle, King Baudouin of Belgium
Charles: for his maternal uncle and godfather, Count Charles-Henri d’Udekem d’Acoz
Marie: for the Virgin Mary, traditional with Catholic royalty
Prince Gabriel’s family in 2022: Princess Eléonore, Prince Gabriel, Queen Mathilde, King Philippe, Princess Elisabeth, and Prince Emmanuel
Gabriel has three siblings:
Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant (born 2001)
Prince Emmanuel (born 2005)
Princess Eléonore (born 2008)
Belgium changed its succession law in 1991 to absolute primogeniture where the succession passes to the eldest child of the sovereign regardless of gender. Males and females have equal succession rights. This means that Gabriel’s elder sister Elisabeth is the heir apparent and comes first in the line of succession as the eldest child. Following Elisabeth in the line of succession are her three siblings in order of their birth.
Prince Gabriel began his education at Sint-Jan Berchmanscollege, where the instruction is in Dutch, in the Marolles district of Brussels, the capital of Belgium. In 2019, he began to attend the International School of Brussels, an English-language private school in the Brussels commune of Watermael-Boitsfort. Beginning in September 2021, Gabriel was enrolled in one-year preparatory A-Level courses in mathematics, higher mathematics, and physics at the National Mathematics and Science College, a STEM-oriented sixth-form college in Warwickshire, England. From August to September 2022, Gabriel participated in military training at the Royal Military Academy, the military university of Belgium, in Brussels, Belgium.
This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
Belgian Royal Christenings
by Susan Flantzer
© Unofficial Royalty 2019
The Belgian Royal Family are members of the Roman Catholic Church. Some Belgian christenings, including those of King Albert II and King Philippe, took place at the Church of Saint Jacques-sur-Coudenberg in the Place Royale, a historic square near the center of Brussels, Belgium. Perhaps the Belgian royal family is connected to the church because Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, stood on the church steps when he took the oath that made him Leopold I, the first King of the Belgians on July 21, 1831.
The christenings of the children of King Philippe all took place in the chapel at Ciergnon Castle in Houyet, Namur, Belgium. Ciergnon Castle is one of the favorite summer residences of the Belgian royal family.
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Albert II, King of the Belgians
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Albert being carried into the church for his christening. He is followed by his father and mother and then his elder sister and elder brother.
Unofficial Royalty: Albert II, King of the Belgians
Parents: King Leopold III and Queen Astrid, born Princess Astrid of Sweden
Born: June 6, 1934, at Stuyvenberg Castle in Laeken, Brussels, Belgium
Christened: June 1934 at the Church of Saint-Jacques-sur-Coudenberg in Brussels, Belgium
Names: Albert Félix Humbert Théodore Christian Eugène Marie. He was given the name Albert in honor of his grandfather Albert I, King of the Belgians who was killed in a mountain climbing accident on February 17, 1934, four months before his birth. When Albert was only 14 months old, his mother was killed in a car accident.
Godparents:
Queen Elisabeth of Belgium, his paternal grandmother, born Elisabeth of Bavaria
Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma, husband of Grand Duchess Charlotte of Luxembourg
King Albert II abdicated in favor of his son Philippe on July 21, 2013.
*******************
Philippe, King of the Belgians
Embed from Getty Images
Philippe is being held by a midwife as his godparents former King Leopold III of Belgium (left) and Luisa Ruffo di Calabria, look on
Unofficial Royalty: Philippe, King of the Belgians
Parents: Albert II, King of the Belgians and Queen Paola, born Paola Ruffo di Calabria.
Born: April 15, 1960, at the Château du Belvédère in Laeken, Brussels, Belgium
Christened: May 17, 1960, at the Church of Saint-Jacques-sur-Coudenberg in Brussels, Belgium
Names: Philippe Léopold Louis Marie
Godparents:
Former King Leopold III of Belgium, his paternal grandfather
Luisa Ruffo di Calabria, his maternal grandmother
*******************
Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant
Embed from Getty Images
Elisabeth with her parents at her christening
Unofficial Royalty: Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant
Parents: Philippe, King of the Belgians and Queen Mathilde, born Mathilde d’Udekem d’Acoz
Born: October 25, 2001, at Erasmus Hospital in Anderlecht, Belgium
Christened: December 9, 2001, at Ciergnon Castle in Houyet, Namur, Belgium
Names: Elisabeth Therese Maria Helena
Godparents:
Prince Amedeo of Belgium, Archduke of Austria-Este, her paternal first cousin
Countess Hélène d’Udekem d’Acoz, her maternal aunt
*******************
Prince Gabriel of Belgium
Unofficial Royalty: Prince Gabriel of Belgium
Parents: Philippe, King of the Belgians and Queen Mathilde, born Mathilde d’Udekem d’Acoz
Born: August 20, 2003, in Erasmus Hospital in Anderlecht, Belgium
Christened: October 25, 2003, at Ciergnon Castle in Houyet, Namur, Belgium
Names: Gabriel Baudouin Charles Marie
Godparents:
Baroness Maria Christina von Freyberg, his second cousin
Count Charles-Henri d’Udekem d’Acoz, his maternal uncle
*******************
Prince Emmanuel of Belgium
Unofficial Royalty: Prince Emmanuel of Belgium
Parents: Philippe, King of the Belgians and Queen Mathilde, born Mathilde d’Udekem d’Acoz
Born: October 4, 2005, in Erasmus Hospital in Anderlecht, Belgium.
Christened: December 10, 2005, at Ciergnon Castle in Houyet, Namur, Belgium
Names: Emmanuel Léopold Guillaume François Marie
Godparents:
Countess Elisabeth d’Udekem d’Acoz, his maternal aunt
Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg, his paternal second cousin
*******************
Princess Eléonore of Belgium
Unofficial Royalty: Princess Eléonore of Belgium
Parents: Philippe, King of the Belgians and Queen Mathilde, born Mathilde d’Udekem d’Acoz
Born: April 16, 2008, in Erasmus Hospital in Anderlecht, Belgium
Christened: June 14, 2008, at Ciergnon Castle in Houyet, Namur, Belgium
Names: Eléonore Fabiola Victoria Anne Marie
Godparents:
Crown Princess Victoria of Sweden
Princess Claire of Belgium, her paternal aunt by marriage, born Claire Coombs
Count Sébastien von Westphalen zu Fürstenberg
*******************
This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
Marie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, Countess of Flanders
by Susan Flantzer
© Unofficial Royalty 2017
Princess Marie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was one-half of the couple who secured the future of the Belgian royal dynasty. Marie Luise Alexandrine Karoline was born on November 17, 1845, at Schloss Sigmaringen, the seat of the Principality of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen now located in Sigmaringen in the German state of Baden-Württemberg. She was the younger of the two daughters and the youngest of the six children of Sovereign Prince Karl Anton of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, head of the Princely House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen and Prime Minister of Prussia, and Princess Josephine of Baden, daughter of Grand Duke Karl of Baden. In 1869, the Sovereign Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen also became the Sovereign Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen and assumed the title Prince of Hohenzollern.
Marie had five older siblings:
Leopold, Sovereign Prince of Hohenzollern (1835–1905), married Infanta Antonia of Portugal, had three sons including King Ferdinand of Romania
Stephanie (1837–1859), married King Pedro V of Portugal, no children, died from diphtheria at age 22
Karl, later King Carol I of Romania (1839–1914), married Princess Elisabeth of Wied, had one daughter who died in childhood
Anton (1841–1866), unmarried, died from wounds received during the Austro-Prussian War
Friedrich (1843–1904), married Princess Louise of Thurn and Taxis, had no children
Unlike the Hohenzollerns who ruled in Prussia, Marie’s family was Roman Catholic. She was considered as a wife for the future King Edward VII of the United Kingdom, but her religion barred any possibility of marriage as she would not convert to the Church of England. On April 25, 1867, at St. Hedwig’s Cathedral in Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia, now in the German state of Brandenburg, Marie married Prince Philippe of Belgium, Count of Flanders, the third son but second surviving son of Leopold I of the Belgians and Marie-Louise of Orléans.
Philippe and Marie had five children:
Prince Baudouin of Belgium (1869 – 1891), unmarried, died of influenza at the age of 21
Princess Henriette of Belgium (1870 – 1948), twin of Joséphine Marie, married Prince Emmanuel, Duke of Vendôme, had four children
Princess Joséphine Marie of Belgium (1870 – 1871), twin of Henriette, died in infancy
Princess Joséphine Caroline of Belgium (1872 – 1958), married Prince Karl Anton of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, had four children
Albert I, King of the Belgians (1875 – 1934), married Elisabeth of Bavaria, had three children: Leopold III, King of the Belgians; Prince Charles, Count of Flanders, Regent of Belgium; and Marie José of Belgium, Queen of Italy
Philippe and Marie settled in the Palace of the Count of Flanders in Brussels, which Philippe bought and renovated. During the first several years of the couple’s married life, there were several family tragedies. In 1867, Emperor Maximilian of Mexico, the husband of Philippe’s sister Charlotte, was deposed and executed by a firing squad. Charlotte descended into a mental illness that would plague her for the rest of her life. In 1869, ten-year-old Leopold, Duke of Brabant, the only son and heir of Philippe’s brother King Leopold II, fell into a pond, caught pneumonia, and died. Hoping for a crown prince because only males could inherit the throne, Leopold II and his wife had another child, but the long-awaited crown prince did not materialize as the child was a girl.
It was Philippe and Marie who secured the future of the Belgian dynasty. Philippe was the heir presumptive to the Belgian throne until his death in 1905. Philippe’s elder son Baudouin was second in line to the throne until his death in 1891 from influenza. Then Marie and Philippe’s younger son Albert became second in line to the throne. Eventually, Albert succeeded his uncle King Leopold II upon his death in 1909 as King Albert I.
Marie was an accomplished artist and her artwork was exhibited at the Brussels Fair and at the World Exhibition of 1893 in Chicago. Her literary salon attracted many authors and was a popular part of Brussels’ social life for forty years. She was also well known for her charitable work. Marie gradually took on the role of the first lady of the court after her sister-in-law Queen Marie-Henriette left the court due to marriage problems and her sisters-in-law married. Her husband Philippe died on November 17, 1905, at the age of 68. He was buried at the Church of Our Lady of Laeken in Brussels, Belgium
Marie lived to see her son become King Albert I of Belgium in 1909. She died in Brussels, Belgium on November 26, 1912, from pneumonia and was buried with her husband at the Church of Our Lady of Laeken.
This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
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Wedding of Crown Prince Alexander of Serbia, 1985
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2017-09-21T00:00:00
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https://www.instagram.com/p/CUD-8Mmr_dK/ Happy Anniversary to Crown Prince Alexander and Crown Princess Katherine of Yugoslavia, who got married on this day in 1985 at the St Sava Serbian Orthodox Church in London. Among the guests were his cousins King Constantine and Queen Anne Marie of Greece.
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The Royal Watcher -
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https://royalwatcherblog.com/2017/09/21/wedding-of-crown-prince-alexander-of-yugoslavia-1985/
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Embed from Getty Images
Happy Anniversary to Crown Prince Alexander and Crown Princess Katherine of Yugoslavia, who got married on this day in 1985 at the St Sava Serbian Orthodox Church in London. Among the guests were his cousins King Constantine and Queen Anne Marie of Greece.
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Make Your Day
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Make Your Day
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Princess Léa of Belgium
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(b. Etterbeek, 2 December, 1951), Princess Alexandre of Belgium (French: princesse Alexandre de Belgique), née Léa Inga Dora Wolman, is the wife of Prince Alexandre of Belgium, younger half brother of King Albert II of the Belgians, of the late…
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https://en-academic.com/favicon.ico
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Academic Dictionaries and Encyclopedias
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https://en-academic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/2470039
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Princess Léa of Belgium (b. Etterbeek, 2 December, 1951), Princess Alexandre of Belgium (French: princesse Alexandre de Belgique), "née" Léa Inga Dora Wolman, is the wife of Prince Alexandre of Belgium, younger half-brother of King Albert II of the Belgians, of the late King Baudouin I, and of the late Grand Duchess Joséphine-Charlotte of Luxembourg.
Born the daughter of Sigismund Wolman and wife Lisa Bornstein (Nuremberg, 1916 - Brussels, 29 October, 1996), in 1975 she married Serge Victorovich Spetschinsky, born in Léopoldville, Belgian Congo, on 25 April, 1951, from whom she was divorced in 1980. They had a daughter Laetitia Spetschinsky, born in 1976 and married to Didier Nagant de Deuxchaisnes. In 1982 she married Robert Bichara, and they had a son Renaud Bichara on 1 September, 1983.
After her second divorce she wed Prince Alexander, in Debenham, Suffolk, on 14 March, 1991. They had been introduced in 1986 by a former defence minister Léon Mundeleer. Alexandre asked her to accompany him to the cinema. She vacillated initially, but they began to enjoy dining out together, Alexandre being a gourmand, according to his future wife. [cite journal|last = Séguy |first = Philippe| date = 2008-04-29| title = Léa de Belgique: Il faut en finir avec le malheur| journal = Point de Vue| pages = 18-21|language = French]
The couple have no children together, and the marriage was kept secret until 1998. Apparently the prince feared his mother would disapprove. [cite journal|last = Séguy |first = Philippe| date = 2008-04-29| title = Léa de Belgique: Il faut en finir avec le malheur| journal = Point de Vue| pages = 18-21|language = French] Alexander's marriage d Article 85 of the Belgian constitution, which deprived of the right of succession to the throne any descendant of King Leopold I who marries without the sovereign's permission. [cite web|url= http://www.heraldica.org/topics/royalty/belgian_succ.htm#Texts|title= The Belgian Succession|accessdate= 2008-05-06|last= Velde|first= François|work= Heraldica.org]
Although sometimes the royal title is prefixed to her name (i.e., Princess Léa) as for other females who have married into the royal family, that style is not used at the Belgian court nor by the government, and she is otherwise referred to as "Princess Alexandre of Belgium". She explained in a May 2008 interview with " [http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_de_vue_%28hebdomadaire%29 Point de Vue] ", "On 2 December 1991, a royal decree declared that henceforth the title of Prince or Princess of Belgium would no longer be transmitted by marriage, but would be created by royal decree. We have no regrets, no rancor." [cite journal|last = Séguy |first = Philippe| date = 2008-04-29| title = Léa de Belgique: Il faut en finir avec le malheur| journal = Point de Vue| pages = 18-21|language = French]
In 2008 she published a book of photographs from the life of her husband and his family, called "Le Prince Alexandre de Belgique", because she felt that he was too little known in Belgium. [cite journal|last = Séguy |first = Philippe| date = 2008-04-29| title = Léa de Belgique: Il faut en finir avec le malheur| journal = Point de Vue| pages = 18-21|language = French]
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King Leopold III
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King Leopold III. Self: Pathé's Weekly, No. 44. King Leopold III was born on 3 November 1901 in Brussels, Belgium. He was married to Mary Lilian Baels and Princess Astrid Sophie Louise Bernadotte of Sweden. He died on 25 September 1983 in Brussels, Belgium.
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Royal Family news: Princess Delphine at first official ceremony alongside King Albert
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2022-02-18T15:08:25+00:00
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PRINCESS Delphine of Belgium appeared at a public official ceremony alongside her father King Albert II and his wife Queen Paola for the first time on Thursday.
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https://cdn.images.express.co.uk/favicon.ico
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Express.co.uk
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https://www.express.co.uk/news/royal/1568271/royal-family-news-belgium-princess-delphine-king-albert-ii-queen-paola-king-phillippe
|
Princess Delphine among Belgian royals attending Brussels event
Belgium’s entire Royal Family were present at the Church of Our Lady of Laeken on Thursday morning for the annual mass ceremony held in memory of their lost loved ones. The sombre occasion marked the first time King Albert II, Queen Paola and Princess Delphine have appeared together in public.
Those in attendance at the Notre-Dame de Laeken church included King Philippe, 61 – the eldest child of King Albert II – and his wife Queen Mathilde, 49.
They joined King Albert, 87, and Queen Paola, 84, to sit in the front row.
King Phillippe’s sister, Princess Astrid and her husband, Archduke Lorenz, also sat alongside them for the service.
In the second row sat King Phillippe’s younger brother Prince Laurent and his wife, Princess Claire.
Princess Lea - widow of Prince Alexander, son of King Leopold III and Lilian Baels – also attended the mass, alongside Princess Delphine, 53, and her husband James O'Hare.
The location of the service is particularly poignant as its crypt is where members of the Royal Family are buried.
Normally the service that commemorates the lives of deceased members of royalty is attended by the most senior members of the Belgian Royal Family.
The tradition of paying tribute to the deceased members of the monarchy dates back to February 17, 1935.
At this time, a mass was held to commemorate the death of King Albert I, who had died a year earlier at Marche-les-Dames.
READ MORE: ‘Never say never!’ Prince Andrew COULD return to public life
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Following the death of Queen Astrid on August 29, 1935, it was decided tribute would be paid to all the deceased members of the Royal Family on February 17.
Due to COVID-19 measures last year, the traditional mass ceremony could not take place.
Instead, members of the Royal Family visited the Royal Crypt at different times.
2022’s offering marked the first time the whole family has come together in public.
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Princess Delphine was officially recognised as the daughter of King Albert II in 2020, after being born out of wedlock.
The Princess won her battle in court to be officially recognised as his child and was reconciled with her father.
The King confirmed her parenthood on January 27, 2020 in a press release, and Delphine was recognized as a princess of Belgium and granted the new surname of Saxe-Coburg in October 2020.
Last summer, Princess Delphine attended the National Day parade but her father Albert and his wife Queen Paola were not present.
After Thursday’s ceremony, members of the Royal Family took a brief moment to greet some royal watchers who had gathered outside.
Some of the royals were presented with flowers and gifts.
Among the people being remembered at the service was likely the Grand Duke Jean of Luxembourg, who died in April 2019.
He was very close to the Royal Family of Belgium, being the brother-in-law of King Albert.
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https://www.hola.com/us/royals/20230526346199/princess-elisabeth-belgium-attending-crown-prince-hussein-royal-wedding/
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en
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Princess Elisabeth to attend royal wedding of fellow heir to the throne
|
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"Alexandra Hurtado"
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2023-05-26T15:02:00+00:00
|
Crown Prince Hussein of Jordan's royal wedding will be attended by fellow future monarchs.
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en
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/us/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png
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HOLA! USA
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https://www.hola.com/us/royals/20230526346199/princess-elisabeth-belgium-attending-crown-prince-hussein-royal-wedding/
|
Princess Elisabeth of Belgium will accompany her father King Philippe to Crown Prince Hussein of Jordan and Rajwa Al Saif ’s royal wedding.The wedding comes less than a month after the 21 year old, who is first in line to the Belgian throne, joined her father and royals from around the world at a reception at Buckingham Palace on the eve of King Charles III’s coronation.
Princess Catharina-Amalia, another future Queen, is also set to attend the Crown Prince’s wedding in Amman, Jordan. The Dutch Royal House previously confirmed that the Princess of Orange will “attend the festivities surrounding the wedding” with her parents Queen Maxima and King Willem-Alexander.
Queen Rania and King Abdullah II of Jordan’s eldest son will marry his fiancée Rajwa on June 1. In addition to the Dutch and Belgian royals, Crown Prince Frederik and Crown Princess Mary of Denmark, Crown Princess Victoria and Prince Daniel of Sweden and Crown Prince Haakon of Norway will be among the royal guests.
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https://www.ordre-de-saint-gabriel.eu/en/charity-projects/70/accolade-evening-of-knights-and-ladies-of-honor
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en
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Accolade Evening of Knights and Ladies of Honor
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https://www.ordre-de-saint-gabriel.eu/en/charity-projects/70/accolade-evening-of-knights-and-ladies-of-honor
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https://www.reenaahluwalia.com/blog/tag/Princess%2BLea%2Bof%2BBelgium
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Princess Lea of Belgium — A Reena Ahluwalia Blog — REENA AHLUWALIA
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"Reena Ahluwalia"
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2020-09-09T00:00:00
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A Reena Ahluwalia Blog. ✧ Reena is a coveted diamonds, gemstones & jewelry artist. ✧
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en
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https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/518ee9e6e4b02c1428e17e12/1504385825117-33OWG7CT4YJVS4JMP7K7/favicon.ico?format=100w
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REENA AHLUWALIA
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https://www.reenaahluwalia.com/blog/tag/Princess+Lea+of+Belgium
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Exquisite rare diamonds, exceptional jewelry and Guinness World Record creations lit up the Simply Exceptional event hosted by Mouawad in Bangkok, across four days from September 11 to 14, 2019.
Reena Ahluwalia attended the Simply Exceptional Gala hosted by legendary diamantaire Mouawad in Bangkok. The exclusive event was by invitation and was attended by six Royal families, dignitaries and VVIPs. Gala was graced by HM King Letsie III and HM Queen Masenate Mohato Seeiso of Lesotho, HRH Princess Lea of Belgium, HIH Grand Duke George of Russia, HRH Prince Naquiyuddin and HRH Princess Nurul Hayati of Malaysia, HRH Princess Ashi Dechen Yangon of Bhutan, and ML Sarali Kitiyakara of Thailand.
Reena's series of historic Mouawad diamond paintings were exhibited at the event. The paintings were commissioned by Co-Guardian Fred Mouawad. The Mouawad Dragon is the world's largest round brilliant vivid yellow diamond and the Mouawad Dynasty diamond is D, flawless, and the largest best quality polished diamond in Russian history.
Co-guardian Fred Mouawad commented: “Mouawad is committed to social responsibility and leveraging our success to help make the world a better place for others.” Jimmy Mouawad, who is the fifth generation Co-Guardian, son of Fred Mouawad, and Founder of the Mouawad Diamond Impact Fund, made several presentations about Mouawad’s philanthropic initiatives to royal and distinguished guests.
Co-guardian Pascal Mouawad commented, “There are so many facets to Mouawad’s renown for crafting the extraordinary – from our Guinness World Record creations to our Victoria’s Secret Fantasy Bras crafted over the years and our outstanding jewelry suites featuring some of the world’s rarest diamonds and so much more – and to have such a rich selection here in Bangkok makes this event a truly memorable occasion for all concerned.”
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Getty Images
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Getty Images Deutschland. Finden Sie hochauflösende lizenzfreie Bilder, Bilder zur redaktionellen Verwendung, Vektorgrafiken, Videoclips und Musik zur Lizenzierung in der umfangreichsten Fotobibliothek online.
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Princess Léa of Belgium
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(b. Etterbeek, 2 December, 1951), Princess Alexandre of Belgium (French: princesse Alexandre de Belgique), née Léa Inga Dora Wolman, is the wife of Prince Alexandre of Belgium, younger half brother of King Albert II of the Belgians, of the late…
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https://en-academic.com/favicon.ico
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Academic Dictionaries and Encyclopedias
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https://en-academic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/2470039
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Princess Léa of Belgium (b. Etterbeek, 2 December, 1951), Princess Alexandre of Belgium (French: princesse Alexandre de Belgique), "née" Léa Inga Dora Wolman, is the wife of Prince Alexandre of Belgium, younger half-brother of King Albert II of the Belgians, of the late King Baudouin I, and of the late Grand Duchess Joséphine-Charlotte of Luxembourg.
Born the daughter of Sigismund Wolman and wife Lisa Bornstein (Nuremberg, 1916 - Brussels, 29 October, 1996), in 1975 she married Serge Victorovich Spetschinsky, born in Léopoldville, Belgian Congo, on 25 April, 1951, from whom she was divorced in 1980. They had a daughter Laetitia Spetschinsky, born in 1976 and married to Didier Nagant de Deuxchaisnes. In 1982 she married Robert Bichara, and they had a son Renaud Bichara on 1 September, 1983.
After her second divorce she wed Prince Alexander, in Debenham, Suffolk, on 14 March, 1991. They had been introduced in 1986 by a former defence minister Léon Mundeleer. Alexandre asked her to accompany him to the cinema. She vacillated initially, but they began to enjoy dining out together, Alexandre being a gourmand, according to his future wife. [cite journal|last = Séguy |first = Philippe| date = 2008-04-29| title = Léa de Belgique: Il faut en finir avec le malheur| journal = Point de Vue| pages = 18-21|language = French]
The couple have no children together, and the marriage was kept secret until 1998. Apparently the prince feared his mother would disapprove. [cite journal|last = Séguy |first = Philippe| date = 2008-04-29| title = Léa de Belgique: Il faut en finir avec le malheur| journal = Point de Vue| pages = 18-21|language = French] Alexander's marriage d Article 85 of the Belgian constitution, which deprived of the right of succession to the throne any descendant of King Leopold I who marries without the sovereign's permission. [cite web|url= http://www.heraldica.org/topics/royalty/belgian_succ.htm#Texts|title= The Belgian Succession|accessdate= 2008-05-06|last= Velde|first= François|work= Heraldica.org]
Although sometimes the royal title is prefixed to her name (i.e., Princess Léa) as for other females who have married into the royal family, that style is not used at the Belgian court nor by the government, and she is otherwise referred to as "Princess Alexandre of Belgium". She explained in a May 2008 interview with " [http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_de_vue_%28hebdomadaire%29 Point de Vue] ", "On 2 December 1991, a royal decree declared that henceforth the title of Prince or Princess of Belgium would no longer be transmitted by marriage, but would be created by royal decree. We have no regrets, no rancor." [cite journal|last = Séguy |first = Philippe| date = 2008-04-29| title = Léa de Belgique: Il faut en finir avec le malheur| journal = Point de Vue| pages = 18-21|language = French]
In 2008 she published a book of photographs from the life of her husband and his family, called "Le Prince Alexandre de Belgique", because she felt that he was too little known in Belgium. [cite journal|last = Séguy |first = Philippe| date = 2008-04-29| title = Léa de Belgique: Il faut en finir avec le malheur| journal = Point de Vue| pages = 18-21|language = French]
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Queen Elisabeth’s Pearl and Diamond Leaf Brooch
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2021-12-02T00:00:00
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Happy Birthday to Princess Léa of Belgium who turns 70 today! The twice-divorced who married Prince Alexander of Belgium, the first child and only son of King Leopold’s second marriage to Princess Lilian of Réthy. Princess Léa enjoys a good relationship with her late husband’s royal relatives and often attends royal events both in Belgium
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en
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The Royal Watcher -
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https://royalwatcherblog.com/2021/12/02/queen-elisabeths-pearl-and-diamond-leaf-brooch/
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Happy Birthday to Princess Léa of Belgium who turns 70 today! The twice-divorced who married Prince Alexander of Belgium, the first child and only son of King Leopold’s second marriage to Princess Lilian of Réthy. Princess Léa enjoys a good relationship with her late husband’s royal relatives and often attends royal events both in Belgium and abroad. In honour of the Princess’ birthday, we are featuring one of the few heirloom jewels at her disposal: Queen Elisabeth’s Pearl and Diamond Leaf Brooch!
Click HERE to see the full version of this article!
Embed from Getty Images
But first lets learn about Princess Léa! The daughter of Sigismund Wolman, a merchant in Brussels, and Lisa Bornstein, she first married Russian Aristocrat Serge Victorovich Spetschinsky in 1975, having a daughter Laetitia Sergeevna Spetschinskaya, before their divorce in 1980. In 1983, she married Paul Robert Bichara and had a son, Renaud Bichara, before their divorce in 1987. While Léa married Prince Alexander of Belgium, son of King Leopold III and the Princess de Réthy, and the stepbrother of Grand Duchess Joséphine Charlotte of Luxembourg, King Baudouin and King Albert II of Belgium, in 1991, the couple kept their relationship a secret until 1998, over fears of the Princess de Réthy’s reaction. Princess Léa is a member of the patronage committee of the annual night of charity La Nuit des Neiges in Crans-Montana in Switzerland and grants her High Patronage to numerous charities, including the General Assembly of the Yvonne Boël Fund (fight against cancer). After Prince Alexander’s death in 2009, Princess Léa moved out of their villa in Rhode-Saint-Genèse to the Château de Humain. She is regularly seen at foreign royal events, like the Wedding of Crown Prince Leka of Albania and the Wedding of Grand Duke George Mikhailovich of Russia and Princess Victoria Romanovna Romanoff, and also remains close to the Belgian Royal Family!
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On October 2nd, 1900, Prince Albert of Belgium, heir to Belgian throne, married Duchess Élisabeth in Bayern, in a ceremony in Munich. On that occasion, the young Princess received several pieces of jewellery from her European royal relatives. Her younger sister, Princess Marie Gabrielle, and her husband, Prince Rupprecht of Bayern, who also got married earlier that year, presented her with a brooch in the shape of a jet leaf, set in diamonds and five baroque pearls.
Princess Élisabeth wore this brooch quite often, probably due to deep esteem she had to her sister, that died of renal failure at the early age of 34, in 1912. She wore it for several family portraits, together with her husband and three children, Prince Leopold, Prince Charles, and Princess Marie José , taken shortly after the couple succeeded as King and Queen of the Belgians, in 1909.
Embed from Getty Images
Embed from Getty Images
Embed from Getty Images
Unlike other pieces of jewellery that the Queen had redesigned, the Leaf Brooch was kept intact throughout her life. She can be seen wearing it on both daytime events and galas, were the Queen always had a small bouquet of natural flowers pinned by a brooch on her left shoulder. Queen Elisabeth also paired it with her spectacular Cartier Diamond Tiara, her signature piece, for several portraits, and even wore it on her hat.
Embed from Getty Images
The Queen wore this brooch at the Wedding of her grandson, Prince Albert and Princess Paola Ruffo di Calabria in July 1959. After her death in 1965, the Diamond and Pearl Leaf Brooch seems to have been inherited by her eldest son, ex-King Leopold III. However, it does not appear to have been worn publicly by his second wife, Princess Lilian.
Embed from Getty ImagesEmbed from Getty Images
Prince Alexander of Belgium inherited the Diamond and Pearl Brooch either after the death of his father, King Leopold III in 1983, or the death of his mother, Princess Lilian, in 2002. Princess Léa has worn the Brooch on at least one occasion, ‘La Nuit Des Neiges’, a charity gala dinner in aid of Sepp Blatter Football And Humanity Foundation, in 2008. Since Prince Alexander and Princess Léa have no children together, lets hope this Brooch may one day find its back into the main Royal Family, to be one day worn by Queen Elisabeth’s namesake, the Duchess of Brabant!
This article was written by assistant editor, David Rato, who runs the Spanish Royal Jewels account on Instagram!
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25514
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yago
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https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-princess-lea-widow-of-prince-alexander-of-belgium-and-other-members-54638245.html
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Princess Lea, widow of Prince Alexander of Belgium, and other members of the royal family attend the funeral ceremony for Princess Lea's her late husband in Laken, Belgium, 04 December 2009. Prince Al
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Download this stock image: Princess Lea, widow of Prince Alexander of Belgium, and other members of the royal family attend the funeral ceremony for Princess Lea's her late husband in Laken, Belgium, 04 December 2009. Prince Alexander died on 29 November 2009. He was the half-brother of King Albert II of Belgium. Photo: Albert Nieboer (NETHERLANDS OUT) - D4TYHW from Alamy's library of millions of high resolution stock photos, illustrations and vectors.
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https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-princess-lea-widow-of-prince-alexander-of-belgium-and-other-members-54638245.html
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Princess Lea, widow of Prince Alexander of Belgium, and other members of the royal family attend the funeral ceremony for Princess Lea's her late husband in Laken, Belgium, 04 December 2009. Prince Alexander died on 29 November 2009. He was the half-brother of King Albert II of Belgium. Photo: Albert Nieboer (NETHERLANDS OUT)
Captions are provided by our contributors.
RMID:Image ID :D4TYHW
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dpa picture alliance archive / Alamy Stock Photo
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D4TYHW
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Dimensions :
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yago
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http://www.luxarazzi.com/2019/05/addi-monseigneur-being-in-public-during.html
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en
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Being in the Public During the Funeral of Grand Duke Jean of Luxembourg
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A little more than a week ago, Grand Duke Jean was laid to rest. Our fellow royal watcher and occasional contributor Arjan was in Luxembo...
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http://www.luxarazzi.com/favicon.ico
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http://www.luxarazzi.com/2019/05/addi-monseigneur-being-in-public-during.html
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25514
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yago
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https://en-academic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/2470039
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en
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Princess Léa of Belgium
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(b. Etterbeek, 2 December, 1951), Princess Alexandre of Belgium (French: princesse Alexandre de Belgique), née Léa Inga Dora Wolman, is the wife of Prince Alexandre of Belgium, younger half brother of King Albert II of the Belgians, of the late…
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en
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https://en-academic.com/favicon.ico
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Academic Dictionaries and Encyclopedias
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https://en-academic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/2470039
|
Princess Léa of Belgium (b. Etterbeek, 2 December, 1951), Princess Alexandre of Belgium (French: princesse Alexandre de Belgique), "née" Léa Inga Dora Wolman, is the wife of Prince Alexandre of Belgium, younger half-brother of King Albert II of the Belgians, of the late King Baudouin I, and of the late Grand Duchess Joséphine-Charlotte of Luxembourg.
Born the daughter of Sigismund Wolman and wife Lisa Bornstein (Nuremberg, 1916 - Brussels, 29 October, 1996), in 1975 she married Serge Victorovich Spetschinsky, born in Léopoldville, Belgian Congo, on 25 April, 1951, from whom she was divorced in 1980. They had a daughter Laetitia Spetschinsky, born in 1976 and married to Didier Nagant de Deuxchaisnes. In 1982 she married Robert Bichara, and they had a son Renaud Bichara on 1 September, 1983.
After her second divorce she wed Prince Alexander, in Debenham, Suffolk, on 14 March, 1991. They had been introduced in 1986 by a former defence minister Léon Mundeleer. Alexandre asked her to accompany him to the cinema. She vacillated initially, but they began to enjoy dining out together, Alexandre being a gourmand, according to his future wife. [cite journal|last = Séguy |first = Philippe| date = 2008-04-29| title = Léa de Belgique: Il faut en finir avec le malheur| journal = Point de Vue| pages = 18-21|language = French]
The couple have no children together, and the marriage was kept secret until 1998. Apparently the prince feared his mother would disapprove. [cite journal|last = Séguy |first = Philippe| date = 2008-04-29| title = Léa de Belgique: Il faut en finir avec le malheur| journal = Point de Vue| pages = 18-21|language = French] Alexander's marriage d Article 85 of the Belgian constitution, which deprived of the right of succession to the throne any descendant of King Leopold I who marries without the sovereign's permission. [cite web|url= http://www.heraldica.org/topics/royalty/belgian_succ.htm#Texts|title= The Belgian Succession|accessdate= 2008-05-06|last= Velde|first= François|work= Heraldica.org]
Although sometimes the royal title is prefixed to her name (i.e., Princess Léa) as for other females who have married into the royal family, that style is not used at the Belgian court nor by the government, and she is otherwise referred to as "Princess Alexandre of Belgium". She explained in a May 2008 interview with " [http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_de_vue_%28hebdomadaire%29 Point de Vue] ", "On 2 December 1991, a royal decree declared that henceforth the title of Prince or Princess of Belgium would no longer be transmitted by marriage, but would be created by royal decree. We have no regrets, no rancor." [cite journal|last = Séguy |first = Philippe| date = 2008-04-29| title = Léa de Belgique: Il faut en finir avec le malheur| journal = Point de Vue| pages = 18-21|language = French]
In 2008 she published a book of photographs from the life of her husband and his family, called "Le Prince Alexandre de Belgique", because she felt that he was too little known in Belgium. [cite journal|last = Séguy |first = Philippe| date = 2008-04-29| title = Léa de Belgique: Il faut en finir avec le malheur| journal = Point de Vue| pages = 18-21|language = French]
Notes
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yago
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https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1143220/news/
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en
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King Albert II
|
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King Albert II - News - IMDb - Movies, TV, Celebs, and more...
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en
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IMDb
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https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1143220/news/
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Three-part documentary series “Delphine: The Secret Princess” tells how the artist Delphine Boël, the illegitimate daughter of King Albert II of Belgium, fought for legal recognition, and is now known as Princess Delphine of Saxe-Cobourg. It has been sold to multiple territories, Warner Bros. announced at MipTV in Cannes Tuesday.
HBO Max has picked up the show in numerous territories in Europe. It will be broadcast on its service from May 1 in Central and Eastern Europe, in Spain, Portugal and Andorra, the Nordics, and the Netherlands. It has also been acquired by Sbs in Australia, where it will air from April 23. The series aired in Belgium in January on Vrt and Rtl Tvi. The series, from Warner Bros. International TV Production, was directed by Belgian documentary filmmaker Chris Michel.
Variety sat down with Princess Delphine and her husband Jim O’Hare in Cannes to discuss the documentary.
Delphine’s father was...
Belgium's King Philippe and Queen Mathilde appear with their four children in new official portraits to mark five years since he ascended the throne. Philippe, 58, came in power in July 2013 to become the country's seventh monarch after his father King Albert II abdicated at age 79. While the monarchy is largely ceremonial in Belgium, a ruling monarch bears the power to sign legislation and appoint mediators to help form government coalitions after national elections. The royals will celebrate the five-year anniversary of the king's ascension on Belgian National Day on Saturday. In photos released on Thursday, Philippe and Mathilde pose with...
Belgium's line of succession is getting a little bump. The country's Prince Amedeo and wife Elisabetta Maria Von Wolkenstein Rosboch will have their first child this year, the royal palace confirms exclusively to People. The couple have been married since July 2014. Amedeo, the eldest son of Princess Astrid and first grandchild of former King Albert II and Queen Paola, is sixth in line for the country's throne. The child - which Belgian media believes is due in May - will be Princess Astrid and Prince Lorenz's first grandchild. The couple's child will become seventh rank of succession - but will...
When the Princess met the Pope! Princess Charlene and her husband, Prince Albert II, stepped out in Vatican City on Monday morning for an official visit with Pope Francis. It's the fourth visit to the small country for the wife of Monaco's monarch: She previously met Pope Benedict in 2013. Wearing all-white - she's only one of seven people worldwide who are allowed to wear the color to meet His Holiness - Charlene stunned in a collarless white coat and a cream dress paired with a white lace head covering. The exclusive tradition of wearing white to meet the pope is...
King Philippe I became Belgium's seventh monarch during a national holiday on Sunday after his father Albert abdicated as the head of the fractured nation. After he took the oath at the parliament filled with representatives of the 6 million Dutch-speaking Flemings and 4.5 million Francophones, Philippe insisted "the wealth of our nation and our institutions consists in turning our diversity into a strength." The ceremony capped a day of transition which started when Philippe's father, the 79-year-old Albert, signed away his rights as the kingdom's largely ceremonial ruler at the royal palace in the presence of Prime Minister Elio Di Rupo,...
We have confirmed that Prince Alexandre, the half-brother of Albert II, King of the Belgians, passed away at age 67 on Sunday. He had a pulmonary embolism. The King and his late half-brother became close during and immediately following World War II, when their father, the then-king Leopold III of Belgium, was in exile. A palace official told us that King Albert II was "very affected by the news" of his half-brother's death. Prince Alexandre's funeral will be held on December 4 at Our Lady of Laeken, a Roman Catholic church in Laeken, Brussels, which sits atop the crypt where all members of the royal family are interred. Prince Alexandre will not be buried in the royal crypt, but rather in an adjacent chapel. Many Belgium royals will be in attendance, including King Albert II and his wife, Queen Paola.
The funeral for Belgium's Prince Alexander will take place on Friday (04.12.09). The Royal Palace in Brussels confirmed that most members of the royal family, including King Albert II - Alexander's half brother - Queen Paola, Queen Fabiola, Prince Philip and his wife Mathilde Princess Astrid and Prince Lorenz, Prince Laurent and Princess Claire will attend the service. It is unclear whether Princess Astrid and Prince Lorenz will attend as they are currently in Columbia, with the princess scheduled to give a speech on Thursday (02.12.09). Alexander - who died suddenly on Saturday (28.11.09) aged 67 - will be interred in a chapel next to the Royal Crypt in the Church of Our Lady, which is close to the royal...
Belgian's Prince Alexander is believed to have died. The royal - who was the half-brother of King Albert II - reportedly passed away suddenly yesterday (29.11.09) aged 67, after suffering from an acute pulmonary embolism, a blocked artery in his lung. According to Belgian news website flandersnews.be, his death is being mourned by members of the Belgian royal family. Alexander was the only son of King Leopold III and his second wife Lilian Baels, and had two younger sisters, Marie Christine and Marie Esmeralda. He also had two half-brothers, current monarch Albert and the late King Boudewijn. His father was never forgiven for marrying Lilian following the death of his first wife, Queen Astrid - who was hugely popular with...
Belgium's King Albert II and Queen Paolo have attended a ceremony to see new saints canonised. The royal couple attended the Vatican service at St. Peter's Basilica to represent Belgian-born Jozef Fe Veuster - more commonly known as Father Damien - who died of leprosy in 1889 after contracting the disease from patients he was working with on Hawaii's Molokai island. Pope Benedict XVI said Father Damien and the other four new saints had "heeded Jesus' call to the heroism of sanctity, sacrificing themselves for others without calculation or personal gain." He added: "Their perfection, in the logic of a faith that is humanly incomprehensible at times, consists in no longer placing themselves at the centre, but choosing to go...
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https://www.unofficialroyalty.com/2013/07/
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Unofficial Royalty
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Unofficial Royalty
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by Susan Flantzer © Unofficial Royalty 2013
July 31, 2004 – Wedding of Lady Davina Windsor, daughter of HRH The Duke of Gloucester, and Gary Lewis, at Kensington Palace in London, England, divorced in 2018
YouTube: Wedding of Lady Davina Windsor and Gary Lewis
In 2000 in Bali, Indonesia, a young British woman on vacation from her university studies met a man from New Zealand on a surfing vacation. The two fell in love and on July 31, 2004, Lady Davina Windsor, daughter of HRH The Duke of Gloucester, married Gary Lewis, a Maori builder and former sheep shearer.
The Lady Davina Elizabeth Alice Benedikte Windsor was born on November 19, 1977, at St. Mary’s Hospital in London, the same hospital where Prince William, Prince Harry, Prince George of Cambridge, and Princess Charlotte of Cambridge were born. Lady Davina’s father Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester is a first cousin of Queen Elizabeth II and a grandson of King George V. Her mother was born Birgitte Eva Henriksen in Odense, Denmark, and took her mother’s name, van Deurs, when her parents separated. Lady Davina has two siblings: an older brother Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster, and a younger sister Lady Rose (Windsor) Gilman. She attended Kensington Preparatory School in the Notting Hill section of London and then St. George’s School in Ascot near Windsor Castle. Lady Davina graduated from the University of the West of England with a degree in media studies.
Gary Christie Lewis was born on August 15, 1970, in Gisborne, New Zealand. He is the son of Larry Lewis, a champion sheep shearer in the 1980s, and Vikki Smiler who worked as a maid. Gary is a Maori, the indigenous Polynesian people of New Zealand. His uncle is the prominent Maori author Witi Ihimaera who wrote The Whale Rider which became a film of the same name. Gary grew up on the East Cape of New Zealand, one of New Zealand’s poorest areas where Maoris make up 70% of the population and high unemployment. He attended the village school in the Maori settlement of Te Wharau before attending Lytton High School in Gisbourne. He is a carpenter who runs a property renovation business and a surfing enthusiast and has a son from a previous relationship, Ari who was born in 1992.
Lady Davina and Gary’s engagement was announced in the Court Circular of March 26. 2004: “The Duke and Duchess of Gloucester are delighted to announce the engagement of their daughter, The Lady Davina Windsor, to be married to Mr. Gary Lewis, son of Mr. Larry Lewis and Mrs. Vikki Carr.” Gary’s grandfather Tom Smiler remarked, “All I know is he is in England somewhere with a girl and she is related to the Queen or something like that. It is wonderful.”
The wedding was a private affair held in the Chapel Royal at Kensington Palace, where Lady Davina grew up, and her great-great-great-grandmother Queen Victoria was born. Except for the bride’s immediate family, no members of the royal family attended, but one of the guests was Captain Mark Phillips, former husband of Princess Anne. Thirty-six members of the groom’s family came from New Zealand to attend the wedding. The bride’s 102-year-old grandmother Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester, was too infirm to attend the wedding. She died later in the same year.
The bride, who wore a cream satin bustier dress with a lace over-blouse, was given away by her father HRH The Duke of Gloucester. The bridesmaids included Lady Davina’s sister, Lady Rose Windsor, and the best man was Nick Harvey, an old friend of the groom’s from New Zealand. The wedding ceremony was conducted by the Reverend Prebendary Willie Booth and the groom’s 12-year-old son from a previous relationship, Ari, gave a reading of a Gaelic prayer.
The couple had two children: a daughter Senna Kowhai born on June 22, 2010, and a son Tāne Mahuta born on May 25, 2012. Tāne Mahuta is named after the Tāne Mahuta, a giant kauri tree in the Waipoua Forest of Northland Region in New Zealand. Lady Davina does not carry out official functions but does attend British Royal Family events such as royal weddings. Sadly, the couple divorced, amicably, in 2018.
This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
by Scott Mehl © Unofficial Royalty 2013
Prince Otto of Bavaria was born at Mirabell Palace in Salzburg, Austria on June 1, 1815, the second son of King Ludwig I of Bavaria and Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen.
Otto had eight siblings:
King Maximilian II of Bavaria (1811 – 1864) – married Princess Marie of Prussia, had issue
Princess Mathilde Karoline of Bavaria (1813 – 1862) – married Ludwig III, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, no issue
Princess Theodelinde (1816 – 1817) – died in infancy
Luitpold, Prince Regent of Bavaria (1821 – 1912) – married Archduchess Auguste of Austria-Tuscany, had issue
Princess Adelgunde (1823 -1914) – married Francesco V, Duke of Modena, had issue
Princess Hildegard of Bavaria (1825 – 1864) – married Archduke Albert of Austria, had issue
Princess Alexandra of Bavaria (1826 – 1875) – unmarried
Prince Adalbert of Bavaria (1828 – 1875) – married Infanta Amelia Philippina of Spain, had issue
In 1832, the Convention of London established Greece as a kingdom, and the Great Powers appointed Otto the new kingdom’s first king. He was their second choice. The throne was initially offered to Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, who declined, choosing instead to become the first King of the Belgians. Only 17 at the time, Otto arrived in his new country on a British warship, accompanied by 3,500 Bavarian troops and his advisors, who would form a Regency Council to rule Greece until Otto’s majority. He quickly made steps to endear himself to the Greek people, even taking on the Greek version of his name Othon.
Otto stood no chance of truly being accepted by the Greek people. Although he deemed that his heirs would be raised in the Greek Orthodox faith, Otto refused to convert from Roman Catholicism. Tasked with making Greece a viable and flourishing kingdom, heavy taxes were imposed to get the necessary funds. Neither of these situations went over well with the population.
The Greek people initially accepted Otto’s 1836 marriage to Amalia of Oldenburg. However, she quickly became involved in Greek politics and her refusal to give up her Protestant faith and the couple’s lack of an heir led to her becoming greatly disliked by the people.
Having dismissed the Regency Council in 1835, Otto ruled as an absolute monarch for a few years until there were uprisings from the Greek people, demanding a constitution. His original Bavarian troops having left Greece, Otto had no recourse but to give in to the demands and allow for a constitution and convention of a Greek National Assembly.
Throughout his reign, King Otto had the full support and backing of the Great Powers. This would begin to change in 1850. The Athens home of a British subject was vandalized and the authorities watched and did nothing to stop it. This became known as the Pacifico Affair. The British quickly responded, demanding retribution and compensation for the victim. The British Royal Navy was sent in to block off Piraeus, the primary port in Athens. This led to tension between the Great Powers, but the British held firm for several months until the Greek government finally agreed to settle the affair. Several years later, King Otto’s intent to join Russia in her battle against Turkey in the Crimean War was another significant event in Otto’s reign. Again, the British blocked off the port of Piraeus, forcing Greece to reconsider and remain neutral.
While away from Athens in 1862, a coup led to the formation of a provisional government, and Otto was deposed. Under the advice of the Great Powers, Otto accepted the situation, and he again boarded a British warship and returned to Bavaria. He would continue to wear his Greek uniforms and secretly gave most of his fortune to support the Greek troops in the Cretan Rebellion of 1866. He spent his exile living at the New Palace in Bamberg, Kingdom of Bavaria, now in the German state of Bavaria, where he died on July 26, 1867. Otto was buried in the Wittelsbach Royal Crypt at the Theatinerkirche in Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria, now in the German state of Bavaria. At his specific request, he was buried in his Greek uniform.
This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
Greece Resources at Unofficial Royalty
Kingdom of Greece Index Index
Greek Royal Burial Sites
Greek Royal Dates
Greek Royal Weddings
Kings of Greece
Profiles: Greek Kings and Consorts
by Susan Flantzer © Unofficial Royalty 2013
In the summer of 1689, Princess Anne was nearing the end of her seventh pregnancy. Anne, who was married to Prince George of Denmark, was the younger of the two surviving children of King James II of England and his first wife Lady Anne Hyde. Earlier in 1689, Mary, Anne’s elder sister, had become joint monarch with her husband and first cousin Willem III, Prince of Orange after the Glorious Revolution had overthrown her father King James II. King William III and Queen Mary II were childless, so Anne was the next in the line of succession.
Anne’s six previous pregnancies had resulted in two miscarriages, two stillbirths, and two live births. Unfortunately, Mary and Anna Sophia, the two children who were born alive, died, probably of smallpox, within six days of each other in 1687. The House of Stuart needed an heir for its survival. Anne gave birth to a live child on July 24, 1689, at 5 AM at Hampton Court Palace. The baby was christened William Henry three days later and was declared, but never created, Duke of Gloucester by his godfather King William III. The other godparents were his paternal uncle King Christian V of Denmark and the Marchioness of Halifax. After William’s birth, his mother went on to have ten unsuccessful pregnancies: two premature babies who lived for about two hours, four stillbirths, and four miscarriages.
When William was born, he was described as “a brave lively-like boy” by George Melville, 1st Earl of Melville, but shortly thereafter, he had convulsions that caused the doctors to worry that he would die. Little William was given his own household at Campden House near the Kensington gravel-pits because of the purer air. He was taken outside every day in a tiny coach pulled by Shetland ponies. William did not walk or talk until the age of three, and as he grew older it became more apparent that something was wrong.
Some modern medical experts feel that William had hydrocephalus, a condition in which there is an excessive accumulation of fluid in the brain. Some symptoms of hydrocephalus are an enlarged head, problems with balance, poor coordination, difficulty walking, slowing or loss of developmental progress, lethargy, drowsiness, and irritability. Certainly, some of these symptoms can be seen in the writings of William’s devoted Welsh servant Jenkin Lewis: “[William’s] head was grown very long and was so big round that his hat was big enough for most men [William was five years old]…[it] made it difficult to fit his head with a peruke [wig]. Although he was active and lively yet he could not go up and down stairs without help, nor raise himself when down; and he tottered when he walked…”
William loved stories of war and had a troop of local boys called “Horse Guards” whom he loved to drill before King William and Queen Mary. William was close to his aunt and uncle and his childless aunt enjoyed showering him with gifts of toys. His education had been delayed due to his speech difficulties, but eventually, a tutor was appointed and William had lessons in geography, mathematics, Latin, and French. On his seventh birthday, William was installed as a Knight of the Order of the Garter at St. George’s Chapel, Windsor Castle. When William was eight, he began lessons in government and religion and was making good academic progress.
William celebrated his eleventh birthday at a party held at Windsor Castle. Jenkin Lewis, his servant, reported, “He complained a little the next day, but we imputed that to the fatigues of a birthday so that he was much neglected.” In the evening, William complained of a sore throat and chills. Two days later, he was no better and had developed a fever and was delirious. The doctors suspected smallpox, but no rash appeared, so they used the usual treatments of the time, bleeding and blistering, which no doubt, made William’s condition worse. William died on the morning of July 30, 1700, at Windsor Castle. His body was taken to the Palace of Westminster where it lay in state in his apartments.
William was interred in the Henry VII Chapel at Westminster Abbey during the evening of August 7, 1700. His uncle, King William III wrote to the Duke of Marlborough, that William’s death was “so great a loss to me as well as to all of England, that it pierces my heart.” Indeed, the House of Stuart had no Protestant heir and it was William’s death that caused Parliament to enact the 1701 Act of Settlement giving the British throne to Sophia of Hanover and her Protestant heirs, a granddaughter of King James I, who was the nearest Protestant in the line of succession. Upon the death of Queen Anne, William’s mother, Sophia of Hanover’s son ascended to the British throne as King George I.
So what killed William? There was an autopsy done on William’s body the day after his death and a detailed post-mortem report was written. Frederick Holmes in his book The Sickly Stuarts: The Medical Downfall of a Dynasty reprinted the report and analyzed it. Holmes writes, “This autopsy report painstakingly describes inflammation and infection in the throat and larynx, with a grossly swollen neck and pus expressed from lymph nodes in this region. The lungs are described as both being full of blood, likely this was pus or fluid stained with blood. Put in context with the clinical course of the illness, this is a picture of an acute bacterial infection of the throat with an associated pneumonia in both lungs.” Holmes further writes, “Interestingly, the surgeons opened the head and took fluid from the ventricles (the cavities within the brain), and found it to be greatly increased in amount…This confirms the diagnosis of hydrocephalus…”
When Virginia’s General Assembly created Williamsburg as the colony’s capital in 1699, it ordered that its main street “in honor of his Highness William Duke of Gloucester shall for ever hereafter be called and knowne by the Name of Duke of Gloucester Street.” If you visit Colonial Williamsburg, you can walk on Duke of Gloucester Street which runs from the House of Burgesses to the main entrance of The College of William and Mary. It’s called DOG Street by the locals and college students. My son is a William and Mary alumni so I’ve spent lots of time on DOG Street.
This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
by Emily McMahon and Susan Flantzer © Unofficial Royalty 2013
Duchess Luise of Mecklenburg, Princess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (Luise Auguste Wilhelmine Amalie) was born in Hanover, Electorate of Hanover now in Lower Saxony, Germany on March 10, 1776. She was third of the five daughters and the sixth of the ten children of Carl II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and his first wife Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt.
Luise had nine siblings:
Charlotte Georgine (1769–1818) married Friedrich, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg, had twelve children
Caroline Auguste (1771–1773), died in early childhood
Georg Carl (1772–1773), died in infancy
Therese (1773–1839) married Karl Alexander, 5th Prince of Thurn and Taxis, had seven children
Friedrich Georg (born and died 1774), died in infancy
Frederica (1778–1841) married (1) Prince Ludwig Karl of Prussia, had three children (2), Friedrich Wilhelm, Prince of Solms-Braunsfels, had six children (3) King Ernest Augustus I of Hanover, had one child King George V of Hanover
Georg, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (1779–1860), married Princess Marie of Hesse-Kassel, had four children including Friedrich Wilhelm, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Friedrich Karl (1781–1783), died in early childhood
Auguste Albertine (born and died 1782)
The family was connected to the British royal family as Carl’s sister Charlotte was the wife of King George III. During her childhood, Luise spent part of her early childhood at Leineschloss, the home of the Hanoverian kings. At the time, her father was the Governor-General of Hanover. King George III was king and never visited Hanover so the residence was made available to the family.
Following her mother’s death in childbirth in 1782, Luise and her siblings were raised mostly by their maternal grandmother, Marie Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Falkenburg-Dagsburg who married Prince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt, the brother of the reigning Landgrave Louis IX of Hesse-Darmstadt. Maria Louise Albertine made a comfortable home for the family in Darmstadt, Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt now in Hesse, Germany, and her grandchildren grew quite fond of her. In her grandmother’s care, Luise was given her lessons and religious instruction primarily in French, but she later grew very fond of German literature. She was also encouraged to devote herself to acts of charity.
Luise and her sister Frederica attracted the attention of two Prussian princes. Luise was betrothed to the future King Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia, while Frederica was engaged to his brother Ludwig Karl. Luise and Friedrich Wilhelm married on December 24, 1793, and her sister married Ludwig Karl two days later. It was hoped that the double marriage would improve the bond between the two German states.
Luise was very popular in Prussia from the start, and descriptions of her from this time speak of her grace, goodness, and beauty. The marriage was happy and the couple raised their family quietly at Paretz Palace west of Berlin.
Luise and Friedrich Wilhelm had nine children:
Friedrich Wilhelm IV, King of Prussia (1795 – 1861), married Elisabeth Ludovika of Bavaria, no children
Wilhelm I, King of Prussia, German Emperor (1797 – 1888), married Augusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, had two children including Friedrich III, King of Prussia, German Emperor
Charlotte (1798 – 1860), married Nicholas I, Emperor of Russia, had seven children including Alexander II, Emperor of Russia
Friederike (1799 – 1800), died in infancy
Karl (1801 – 1883), married Marie of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, had three children
Alexandrine (1803 – 1892), married Paul Friedrich, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, had three children
Ferdinand (1804 – 1806), died of diphtheria in childhood
Luise (1808 – 1870), married Prince Frederik of the Netherlands, had four children including Louise who married King Carl XV of Sweden
Albrecht (1809 – 1872), married (1) Marianne of the Netherlands, had five children (2) married morganatically Rosalie von Rauch, Countess of Hohenau, had two children
Friedrich Wilhelm became King of Prussia in 1797. As queen, Luise traveled around Prussia with her husband, becoming more well-known and well-liked. Luise took it upon herself to stay well-versed in the country’s affairs, earning her the respect of her husband’s advisers. Friedrich Wilhelm similarly trusted his wife’s intelligence and good judgment, treating her as an unofficial adviser.
Prussia declared war on France in 1806. Following a resounding defeat by Napoleon Bonaparte at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt, Friedrich Wilhelm and Luise fled with their family to Königsberg in eastern Prussia. When Napoleon requested a meeting with Friedrich Wilhelm to discuss peace terms, Friedrich Wilhelm brought the pregnant Luise along to garner sympathy from the French emperor. Napoleon was charmed when the pregnant queen begged him for mercy for Prussia. Napoleon did not budge in his terms for peace, but Luise was even more beloved in Prussia. Luise and Friedrich Wilhelm were absent from Berlin for three years following the war with the French.
On July 19, 1810, while visiting her father at Schloss Hohenzieritz in Hohenzieritz, Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, now in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany, 34-year-old Luise died in her husband’s arms from an unidentified illness. The harshness of the French occupation may have hastened her death, as she often suffered from long bouts of ill health. Her grieving husband later instituted the Order of Louise in her name and her family mourned her death each year on July 19. Luise was buried in the garden of Charlottenburg Palace, in Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia, now in Brandenburg, Germany where a mausoleum was built over her grave. Friedrich Wilhelm III survived his wife by thirty years and was buried by her side.
This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
Prussia Resources at Unofficial Royalty
Kingdom of Prussia Index
Profiles: Prussia Rulers and Consorts
Prussian Royal Burial Sites
Prussian Royal Dates
Prussian Royal Weddings
Rulers of Prussia
by Susan Flantzer
© Unofficial Royalty 2013
Her Grand Ducal Highness Princess Elisabeth Alexandra Louise Alice of Hesse and by Rhine was born on November 1, 1864, in Bessungen, Darmstadt, Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine, now in Hesse, Germany. Ella, as she was called by her family, was the second daughter and the second of the six children of Princess Alice of the United Kingdom (a daughter of Queen Victoria) and Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, and also the sister of Empress Alexandra Feodorovna, wife of Nicholas II, Emperor of All Russia.
Ella had six siblings:
Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine, Marchioness of Milford Haven (1863-1950), married Prince Louis of Battenberg, had two daughters and two sons
Irene of Hesse and by Rhine, Princess of Prussia (1866-1953), married her first cousin Prince Heinrich of Prussia, had three sons
Ernst Ludwig, Grand Duke of Hesse (1868-1937), married (1) his first cousin Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, had one daughter, divorced (2) Princess Eleonore of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich, had two sons
Prince Friedrich of Hesse and by Rhine (1870-1873), hemophiliac, died after a fall
Alix of Hesse and by Rhine, Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia (1872-1918), married Nicholas II, Emperor of All Russia, had four daughters and one son
Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine (1874-1878), died from diphtheria
Ella and her siblings received a very strict education and were encouraged to be humble. They were brought up in a modest lifestyle for royalty, sweeping the floors and cleaning their own rooms, while their mother sewed clothes for her children. The children spoke English with their mother and German with their father.
Ella was 14 years old in 1878 when her mother died, following an outbreak of diphtheria in the family which also took the life of her youngest sister, four-year-old May. Ella had been sent away to her paternal grandmother’s home at the beginning of the outbreak and was the only member of her family to remain unaffected. Much of the next years were spent, along with her sisters, under the supervision of their grandmother, Queen Victoria. The Queen had taken a particular interest in the children following Alice’s death, overseeing almost every aspect of their lives.
Ella was charming and considered to be beautiful, so it is not surprising that she had a number of suitors. Her first cousin, the future Wilhelm II, German Emperor, proposed to Ella, but she turned him down. Another suitor who also got a “No” from Ella was Wilhelm’s first cousin, the future Friedrich II, Grand Duke of Baden, who was favored by Ella’s grandmother Queen Victoria.
The Hessian court had a special relationship with the Russian court since Ella’s great-aunt Marie of Hesse and by Rhine (Empress Maria Alexandrovna after her marriage) had married Alexander II, Emperor of All Russia. The Empress regularly visited her homeland and was usually accompanied by her two youngest sons, Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich and Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich. Ella and Sergei, who was seven years older, got to know each other and eventually fell in love. Queen Victoria was strongly against the idea of marriage, primarily due to her strong distaste for all things Russian. Despite the misgivings of the two families, Sergei was intent on making Ella his bride. In 1883, during a visit to the Hessian family’s hunting lodge Schloss Wolfsgarten, Sergei proposed and Ella accepted. The engagement was announced publicly in February 1884 when Sergei was again visiting Darmstadt.
The couple married on June 15, 1884, at the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg, Russia. As Ella had not yet converted to the Russian Orthodox religion, there were two ceremonies, one Lutheran and one Russian Orthodox. The wedding was attended by many royals from around Europe, with the noticeable exception of Queen Victoria. Instead, she was represented by two of her sons, The Prince of Wales, and Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh who had married Sergei’s sister. After her marriage, Ella was known as Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna.
Following the wedding, the couple spent their honeymoon at Ilinskoye, Sergei’s country estate outside of Moscow, and then settled at the Sergeivsky Palace in St. Petersburg. In addition to these two homes, they also had a home on the grounds of Peterhof, and a house on the bank of the Moskva River. Serge and Ella did not have any children of their own. However, they later took in the children of Sergei’s brother Paul, Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna (the younger), and Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich. The children’s mother had died in 1891 in childbirth, and they spent much time with Sergei and Ella. In 1902, when Paul entered into a morganatic marriage and was banished from Russia, he was not permitted to take the children, and they were formally put under the guardianship of Sergei and Ella.
The couple were very close with Sergei’s brother, Alexander III, Emperor of All Russia, and his wife Empress Maria Feodorovna (born Princess Dagmar of Denmark), and were often asked to represent them at royal events elsewhere in the world. In 1887, they represented the Emperor at Queen Victoria’s Golden Jubilee, and the following year attended the consecration of the church of Saint Mary Magdalene in Jerusalem, which was built in memory of the brothers’ mother, the late Empress Maria Alexandrovna. In 1894, Ella’s youngest surviving sister Alix married Sergei’s nephew Nicholas II, Emperor of All Russia. Alix and Nicholas had first met at Ella and Sergei’s wedding.
In 1891, Alexander III appointed Serge Governor-General of Moscow, and in the following years was also appointed to the Imperial State Council and made Commander of the Moscow military district. Sergei’s nephew Nicholas became Emperor upon his father’s death in November 1894. Over the next 11 years, Sergei would become more and more disenchanted with the policies and decisions of his nephew. Finally, after massive losses in the Russo-Japanese War, Sergei resigned from his position as Governor-General on January 1, 1905.
On February 17, 1905, Grand Duke Sergei left the Nicholas Palace in Moscow in his carriage, en route to the Governor General’s mansion where he was in the process of clearing out his office. He had just come through one of the gate towers when an assassin threw a nitroglycerin bomb into the carriage from just a few feet away. The bomb landed in Sergei’s lap and exploded. The Grand Duke was killed instantly, his body literally blown to pieces. The assassin, Ivan Kalyayev, who was injured in the attack, was promptly arrested and later executed. Ella, having heard the blast from the Nicholas Palace, rushed to the scene and began to gather what was left of her husband’s body.
Four years after her husband’s assassination, Ella sold all her jewelry and with the proceeds opened the Convent of Saints Martha and Mary and became its abbess. A hospital, pharmacy, and orphanage were opened on the convent’s grounds, and Ella and her Russian Orthodox nuns spent their time serving the poor of Moscow.
After the Russian Revolution, Ella was arrested in 1918 by the Bolsheviks and was sent away to the Urals where she was later joined by five other Romanovs: Grand Duke Sergei Mikhailovich, three sons of Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich: Prince Ioann Konstantinovich, Prince Konstantin Konstantinovich, Prince Igor Konstantinovich, and a son of Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich: Prince Vladimir Pavlovich Paley. Also in the group were Varvara Yakovleva, a nun from Ella’s convent, and Feodor Remez, Grand Duke Sergei Mikhailovich’s secretary. On May 20, 1918, they were all taken to Alapaevsk where they were kept in the Napolnaya School.
On July 18, 1918, the day after the shooting of Emperor Nicholas II and his family, Ella and all of the people with her were thrown down a mineshaft near Alapayevsk by the Bolsheviks. All except Grand Duke Sergei Mikhailovich survived the fall. Hand grenades were thrown down after them killing Grand Duke Sergei Mikhailovich’s secretary, Feodor Remez. According to the personal account of Vassili Ryabov, one of the killers, the singing of hymns was heard after the grenade explosions. Ryabov threw another grenade into the mine shaft, but the singing continued. Finally, wood and brush were set on fire and thrown into the mine shaft.
July 18, 1918 – Execution of Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna and Five Other Romanovs
Romanovs killed with Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna who was 53 years old when she died; All photos from Wikipedia
Three months later, White Army soldiers found the remains of the victims. Ella’s remains eventually were interred at the St. Mary Magdalene Convent on the Mount of Olives in Jerusalem along with the remains of her fellow nun Varvara Yakovleva. Princess Alice of Battenberg, the mother of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, and the niece of Ella, asked to be buried with her aunt. Princess Alice had founded a nursing order of Greek Orthodox nuns, the Christian Sisterhood of Martha and Mary, which was modeled after her aunt’s order of nuns. When Princess Alice died in 1969, she was interred at St George’s Chapel, Windsor Castle, but her remains were transferred to St. Mary Magdalene Convent in 1988.
Ella was canonized as a saint by the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia in 1981, and in 1992 by the Moscow Patriarchate as New Martyr Elizabeth. She is one of the ten 20th-century martyrs depicted in statues above the Great West Door of Westminster Abbey in London, England. Ella’s convent was closed in 1920 during the Soviet regime, but the convent was re-opened in 1994 and the sisters there continue doing the work Ella started.
This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
Recommended Books
Elizabeth, Grand Duchess of Russia – Hugo Mager
The Life and Death of Ella, Grand Duchess of Russia: A Romanov Tragedy – Christopher Warwick
by Susan Flantzer
On July 21, 2013, King Albert II of the Belgians abdicated in favor of his son Philippe. In his televised abdication speech, King Albert II said, “I realize that my age and my health are no longer allowing me to carry out my duties as I would like to…After a reign of 20 years I believe the moment is here to hand over the torch to the next generation. Prince Philippe is well prepared to succeed me.”
King Albert’s father, King Leopold III, also abdicated, but under very different circumstances.
King Leopold III was born in Brussels, Belgium on November 3, 1901, the eldest son of King Albert I and Elisabeth of Bavaria. Leopold had two younger siblings, Charles, who would later serve as Prince Regent of Belgium and Marie José, who married King Umberto I of Italy.
On November 4, 1926, Leopold married Princess Astrid of Sweden, a granddaughter of King Oscar II of Sweden, in a civil ceremony in Stockholm, Sweden. On November 10, 1926, the couple married in a religious ceremony at the Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula in Brussels, Belgium. Leopold and Astrid had a very happy marriage. Leopold’s mother Queen Elisabeth said about the marriage, “It is a marriage of love…tell it to our people. Nothing was arranged. Not a single political consideration prevailed in our son’s decision.” For more information, see Unofficial Royalty: Wedding of Leopold III and Astrid of Sweden.
Leopold and Astrid had three children:
Joséphine-Charlotte (11 October 1927 – 10 January 2005), married Grand-Duke Jean of Luxembourg, had issue
King Baudouin (7 September 1930 – 31 July 1993), married Fabiola de Mora y Aragón, no issue
King Albert II (born 6 June 1934), married Paola Ruffo di Calabria, had issue
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In 1934, Leopold’s father died in a mountain climbing accident and Leopold became king at the age of 32. In August of 1935, King Leopold and Queen Astrid had gone on vacation in Switzerland with their two elder children. On August 29, 1935, their last day of vacation, Leopold and Astrid decided to go on an outing. Leopold was driving their convertible, Astrid was in the front seat, and the chauffeur was sitting in the back seat. As Astrid pointed out something to her husband, the car went off the road, down a steep slope, and slammed into a tree. Astrid was thrown out of the car and was slammed into another tree. Leopold was also thrown out the car, but had only minor injuries, and the chauffeur was uninjured. Astrid died, aged 29, from her injuries at the accident scene. Leopold deeply mourned her death.
In 1939, when World War II started, Belgium’s allies France and the United Kingdom asked Belgium to join them. However, Belgium decided to declare itself a neutral country. Germany invaded Belgium on May 10, 1940, and on May 28, King Leopold as Commander-in-Chief of the Belgian Armed Forces surrendered. Leopold had remained in Belgium to face the Germans, while the government leaders had withdrawn to France. Although Leopold was encouraged by the government to leave Belgium, he decided to remain in Belgium saying, “Whatever happens, I have to share the same fate as my troops.” Leopold decided to surrender to the Germans against the wishes of his government and this is one of the reasons that would ultimately lead to his abdication. The Belgian Prime Minister Hubert Pierlot said that the King’s decision to surrender was not only a military decision but also a political decision and that the king had acted without his ministers’ advice, and therefore his actions were against the Belgian Constitution. King Leopold’s decision to surrender was decried by British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and French Prime Minister Paul Reynaud.
King Leopold was held under house arrest by the Germans at the Royal Palace of Laeken in Brussels. He had a meeting with Adolf Hitler on November 19, 1940 in which he wanted Hitler to issue a public statement about Belgium’s future independence. However, Hitler’s plans did not include any independent countries and he refused.
While still under house arrest, King Leopold married Lilian Baels on September 11, 1941 in a secret, religious ceremony which was not legal because in Belgium a civil marriage is required. The couple had intended to wait until after the war for the civil ceremony, but Lilian was pregnant and so a civil marriage was held on December 6, 1941. Nevertheless, legally in Belgium, the civil ceremony must be held before the religious ceremony and the marriage was unpopular with many Belgians. Lilian was known as the Princess of Réthy.
Leopold and Lilian had three children:
Prince Alexander (1942–2009), married Léa Wolman, no issue
Princess Marie-Christine (born 6 February 1951), married (1) Paul Drucker, divorced, no issue (2) Jean Paul Gourges, no issue
Princess Marie-Esméralda (born 30 September 1956), married Salvador Enrique Moncada, had issue
In 1944, King Leopold, the Princess of Réthy, and Leopold’s three children by Queen Astrid, and his eldest child by the Princess of Réthy were deported to Germany where they were kept in harsh conditions and guarded by 70 members of the SS (Schutzstaffel). The family was liberated by American troops in 1945. For more information, see Deportation to Nazi Germany.
The king did not return immediately to Belgium. Due to opposition from a segment of the population, Prince Charles, Count of Flanders, the king’s brother, who had served as regent since 1944, continued to rule as regent due to Leopold III’s “impossibility of reigning”. King Leopold was exonerated of treason in 1946, however, many Belgians continued to question his loyalty. In 1950, a referendum was held concerning the king’s return to Belgium, and 57% were in favor of his return.
King Leopold III returned to Belgium on July 20, 1950 and a few days later there was a violent general strike. To avoid making the situation more dangerous and tearing his country apart, King Leopold made a decision on August 1, 1950 to abdicate in favor of his son 21-year-old son Prince Baudouin. The abdication took effect on July 16, 1951. For more information, see Royal Question.
After the abdication, Leopold and Lilian continued to live at the Royal Palace of Laeken until King Baudouin’s marriage to Doña Fabiola de Mora y Aragon in 1960, when they moved to the Château d’Argenteuil, a government-owned estate in Brabant, Belgium. Leopold, an amateur anthropologist and entomologist, traveled the world and explored those interests. King Leopold III died on September 25, 1983 at the age of 81 a few hours after emergency heart surgery at Leuven University Hospital in Leuven, Belgium. Leopold was buried in the royal crypt at the Church of Our Lady in Laeken, Brussels next to his first wife Queen Astrid. When Lilian, Princess of Réthy died in 2002, she was buried next to them. See Unofficial Royalty Belgian Royal Burial Sites.
Wikipedia: Leopold III of Belgium
by Emily McMahon © Unofficial Royalty 2013
Scandal followed Alexander in one way or another for much of his life. Born in Darmstadt in the Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine, now in Hesse, Germany, on July 15, 1823, Alexander Ludwig Georg Friedrich Emil was the third son of Ludwig II, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine and Wilhelmina of Baden. At the time of Alexander’s birth, the couple had been living apart for some time. Alexander’s biological father may have been August Ludwig, Freiherr von Senarclens de Grancy, his mother’s chamberlain and lover. August is believed to have fathered Wilhelmina’s youngest four children. Nevertheless, Ludwig claimed all of Wilhelmina’s children as his own.
Alexander had four siblings:
Ludwig III, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (1806 – 1877); married (1) Princess Mathilde Caroline of Bavaria, no children; (2) married morganatically Magdalene Appel who was created Baroness of Hochstädten, no children
Prince Karl of Hesse and by Rhine (1809 – 1877), married Princess Elisabeth of Prussia, had four children including Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine
Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine (1821 – 1826), died in childhood
Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine (1824 – 1880); married Alexander II, Emperor of All Russia, had eight children including Alexander III, Emperor of All Russia
In 1841, Alexander accompanied his sister Marie on her journey to Russia to marry the future Alexander II. After the wedding, Alexander stayed for a time in Russia, where he became close to his sister’s imperial in-laws. Nicholas I, Emperor of All Russia was so impressed by Alexander that he considered marrying the Hessian prince to one of the daughters of his brother Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich.
However, Alexander had fallen in love with Julia Hauke, one of Marie’s ladies-in-waiting and the daughter of the former minister of war. Although forbidden by Nicholas I to marry, the couple married anyway in 1851 as Julia was already pregnant with their first child. The marriage forced the couple to leave Russia, but the two were allowed to settle in the Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine. However, the marriage was viewed as morganatic and removed any future children from the Hesse and by Rhine line of succession. Julia was granted the title of Countess of Battenberg, a castle in Hesse and by Rhine. Eventually, the two regained some of their favor in Russia and Hesse and Hesse and by Rhine.
Alexander and Julia had five children. Through their son Louis, they are the ancestors of the British Royal Family and through their son Henry, they are ancestors of the Spanish Royal Family.
Princess Marie of Battenberg (1852–1923), married in 1871 Gustav, Count of Erbach-Schönberg, had four children
Prince Ludwig (Louis) of Battenberg (1854–1921), married Princess Victoria of Hesse of Hesse and by Rhine, had four children including Alice who married Prince Andrew of Greece and is the mother of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh; Louise who married King Gustaf Adolf VI of Sweden; and Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma); In 1917, Louis and his children gave up their German titles and took the surname Mountbatten and he was created the 1st Marquess of Milford Haven
Prince Alexander of Battenberg (1857–1893), created Sovereign Prince of Bulgaria in 1879, abdicated and created Count of Hartenau, married morganatically Johanna Loisinger, had two children
Prince Heinrich (Henry) of Battenberg (1858–1896), married Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom, daughter of Queen Victoria, had four children including Princess Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg who married King Alfonso XIII of Spain
Prince Franz Joseph (1861–1924), married Princess Anna of Montenegro, no children
Alexander’s second son, also named Alexander, was named Prince of Bulgaria in 1879, with help from his uncle, Alexander II, Emperor of All Russia. The younger Alexander ruled Bulgaria under considerable turmoil until 1886 when he was forced to resign. In the following years, Alexander was the object of affection of Victoria of Prussia, another granddaughter of Queen Victoria. A possible marriage between Alexander and Victoria was long debated in Prussia but was eventually vetoed due to Alexander’s now-sour relationship with Russia. The younger Alexander eventually made his own morganatic marriage to actress Johanna Loisinger.
Alexander died of cancer at the age of 65 on December 15, 1888, in Seeheim, Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine, now in Hesse, Germany. He was first buried in the Altes Mausoleum in the Rosenhöhe in Darmstadt. In 1894, his remains were moved to the newly built Mausoleum on the grounds of Heiligenberg Castle, where his wife’s remains were also interred after her death in 1895. In 1902, the mausoleum was converted to a memorial chapel, and Alexander and Julia’s remains were moved to a gravesite just outside of the mausoleum.
This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
by Susan Flantzer © Unofficial Royalty 2013
YouTube: Wedding of Lady Sarah Armstrong-Jones and Daniel Chatto
The bride and groom met on a movie set. He was an actor and she was a wardrobe assistant. He was the son of an actor and a theatrical agent. She was the daughter of a princess and the granddaughter of a king. He played a prince (one of her cousins) in a film.
Lady Sarah Frances Elizabeth Armstrong-Jones was born on May 1, 1964, at Kensington Palace in London, England. Her parents were Princess Margaret, the younger daughter of King George VI, and Antony Armstrong-Jones. Her father was created Earl of Snowdon and Viscount Linley on October 6, 1961, so Sarah is entitled to the courtesy title Lady Sarah. Sarah has an older brother, David Armstrong-Jones, 2nd Earl of Snowdon.
Sarah and her brother attended Bedales School where Sarah developed an interest in art. Her interest in art led her to attend Camberwell College of Arts followed by coursework in Printed Textiles at Middlesex Polytechnic, before completing her studies at Royal Academy Schools where she won the Winsor & Newton Prize for emerging artists in painting and drawing in 1988 and the Creswick Landscape Prize in 1990.
Daniel Chatto St. George Sproule was born on April 22, 1957, at the Princess Beatrice Hospital in Richmond, London, England. His father was actor Thomas Chatto Sproule (stage name Thomas Chatto) who had a career in television, commercials, and on the stage. His mother was the theatrical agent Ros Chatto, born Rosalind Thompson. Daniel studied English at Oxford University and graduated in 1979. In 1987, Daniel’s name was legally changed to Daniel St. George Chatto. With both of his parents in show business, it was not unusual for Daniel to try his hand at acting. One of his roles was as Prince Andrew in an American TV movie Charles & Diana: A Royal Love Story. His acting career lasted from 1981-1988. See his filmography at Internet Movie Database: Daniel Chatto.
In 1983, Daniel had a small role in the film Heat and Dust which was filmed in India. Sarah was working on the film as an uncredited wardrobe assistant and it was on the film set that the couple first met.
Internet Movie Database: Heat and Dust
Wikipedia: Heat and Dust (film)
Sarah and Daniel’s romance blossomed in 1986, three years after their first meeting, and the two were often spotted going to the theater or art galleries. By 1989, Daniel had given up acting for art and had a successful art show at the Cadogan Gallery in 1992. Sarah and Daniel took painting trips together and shared a love of books and travel.
The couple’s wedding on July 14, 1994, was a small, low-key affair at St. Stephen’s Walbrook, a small 17th-century church in London built by Sir Christopher Wren. The church was chosen by Sarah and Daniel because they wanted a romantic and intimate place to get married. There was seating for only 200 people, and children were not invited due to the dimensions of the church. The bride chose not to use a royal carriage, red carpet, or have bells ringing. Daniel was so worried about being punctual that he arrived at the church 90 minutes before the beginning of the ceremony. Sarah arrived with her father Lord Snowdon, and her three bridesmaids: her half-sister Lady Frances Armstrong-Jones, her cousin Zara Philips, and her friend Tara Noble Singh. The bride’s arrival was almost overshadowed by the arrival of the bride’s more recognizable relatives, the Prince and Princess of Wales, who were appearing at the same place, although not together, for the first time since Prince Charles’s admission of adultery the previous month.
The bride’s and bridesmaids’ dresses were designed by Jasper Conran. Many consider Sarah’s dress to be one of the most beautiful royal wedding dresses. The dress was made with yards of draped white georgette fabric with a ruched bodice and a three-meter train. The bridesmaids’ dresses were nearly identical. Sarah’s veil was held in place with the Snowdon Floral Tiara, a gift to Princess Margaret from her husband for their wedding. To enhance the floral effect, some greenery was added to the diamond flowers.
Embed from Getty Images
As the bride entered the church, the hymn “Ye Holy Angels Bright” was sung. The ceremony was adapted from the “Book of Common Prayer” of 1928. Other hymns sung during the ceremony were “Jesus Shall Reign Where’er The Sun” and “Alleluia! Sing to Jesus.” After their marriage vows, the couple exchanged simple gold rings. The ceremony took only 30 minutes and the newlyweds caught everyone by surprise when they left the church unannounced. Even the driver was not at his place, making the couple laugh while they waited for the car. After the ceremony, there was a reception at Clarence House which the Princess of Wales did not attend. The couple spent their honeymoon in India, which was where they first met.
The couple had two children: Samuel David Benedict Chatto born July 28, 1996, in London, England and Arthur Robert Nathaniel Chatto born February 5, 1999, in London, England. Arthur Chatto and his cousin Charles Armstrong-Jones, both grandsons of Princess Margaret, served Queen Elizabeth II as Pages of Honor.
This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
by Scott Mehl © Unofficial Royalty 2013
Princess Caroline of Baden was the second wife of King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria. She was born Friederike Caroline Wilhelmine on July 13, 1776, in Karlsruhe, Margraviate of Baden, later the Grand Duchy of Baden, now in the German state of Baden-Württemberg, the daughter of Carl Ludwig, Hereditary Prince of Baden and Landgravine Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt. Caroline had seven siblings, including a twin sister Amalie:
Princess Amalie (1776-1823) – unmarried
Princess Luise (1779-1826) – married Alexander I, Emperor of All Russia, had issue
Princess Friederike (1781-1826) – married King Gustaf IV Adolf of Sweden, had issue
Princess Marie (1782-1808) – married Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, had issue
Prince Karl Friedrich, Hereditary Prince of Baden (1784-1785) – died in infancy
Karl, Grand Duke of Baden (1786-1818) – married Stéphanie de Beauharnais, had issue
Princess Wilhelmine (1788-1836) – married Grand Duke Ludwig II of Hesse and by Rhine, had issue
Caroline and her family had numerous additional ties to the Russian, German, and Swedish thrones. Caroline grew up with her family in Karlsruhe, with a deep love of and talent for painting. On March 9, 1797, in Karlsruhe, shortly before her 21st birthday, Caroline married Maximilian, Duke of Zweibrücken (the future King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria). Maximilian was twenty years older than Caroline and had been widowed the previous year. In addition to the four surviving stepchildren from Maximilian’s first marriage, Caroline and her husband had seven children including two sets of twins:
Prince Maximilian (1800-1803) – died in infancy
Princess Elisabeth Ludovika (1801-1873, twin of Amalie Auguste) – married King Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia, no issue
Princess Amalie Auguste (1801-1877, twin of Elisabeth Ludovika) – married King Johann of Saxony, had issue
Princess Sophie Friederike (1805-1872, twin of Maria Anna ) – married Archduke Franz Karl of Austria, had issue including Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria and Maximilian, Archduke of Austria, Emperor of Mexico
Princess Maria Anna (1805-1877, twin of Sophie Friederike) – married King Friedrich August II of Saxony, had issue
Princess Ludovika Wilhelmine (1808-1892) – married Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria, had issue including Elisabeth of Bavaria, wife of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria
Princess Maximiliana (1810-1821) – died in childhood
Within two years of their marriage, Maximilian became Elector of Bavaria, and in 1806, following the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, Maximilian and Caroline became the first King and Queen of the newly established Kingdom of Bavaria. Caroline had remained a Protestant when she married the Catholic Maximilian and was not required to convert when her husband became King. A deeply religious woman, she remained Lutheran and had her own chaplain. Despite this, her children were raised Catholic.
As Queen of Bavaria, Caroline had a strong sense of duty and was considered a dignified Queen and hostess. She also played a prominent role in helping her husband develop the arts and culture in Munich.
Widowed in 1825, Queen Caroline survived her husband by just over sixteen years. She died on November 13, 1841, in Munich. Because she had remained Protestant, her funeral and burial in the Catholic Theatinerkirche were not without their problems. The Protestant clergy was not allowed to enter the church, so the funeral service was held outside. This also prevented any ceremony when Caroline’s coffin was placed in the tomb. Meanwhile, the attending Catholic clergy wore street clothes rather than religious vestments. The undignified treatment of his stepmother even angered Ludwig I, King of Bavaria whose own vehemently pro-Catholic views were forever changed.
This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
Bavaria Resources at Unofficial Royalty
Kingdom of Bavaria Index
Bavarian Royal Dates
Profiles: Bavarian Rulers and Consorts
Royal Burial Sites of the Kingdom of Bavaria
Rulers of Bavaria
by Susan Flantzer © Unofficial Royalty 2013
Prince John Charles Francis was the fifth son and the sixth and youngest child of King George V of the United Kingdom and Queen Mary. He was born on July 12, 1905, at York Cottage on the Sandringham Estate in Norfolk, England. At the time of his birth, his parents were the Prince and Princess of Wales, so he was styled His Royal Highness Prince John of Wales until his father became king in 1910 and then he was styled His Royal Highness The Prince John. He was called Johnnie in the family.
John had four brothers and one sister:
King Edward VIII (Duke of Windsor after his abdication) (1894-1972), married Wallis Simpson, no children
King George VI (1895-1952), married Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, had two daughters
Mary, Princess Royal (1897-1965), married Henry Lascelles, 6th Earl of Harewood, had two sons
Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester (1900-1974), married Lady Alice Montagu-Douglas-Scott, had two sons
Prince George, Duke of Kent, (1902-1942), married Princess Marina of Greece, had two sons and one daughter
John was christened on August 3, 1905, at St. Mary Magdalene Church on the Sandringham Estate. His godparents were:
King Carlos I of Portugal
The Duke and Duchess of Sparta (both his father’s first cousins, the future King Constantine I and Queen Sophie of Greece, born Princess Sophie of Prussia)
Prince Carl of Denmark (his father’s first cousin, later King Haakon VII of Norway)
Princess Alice of Albany (his father’s first cousin)
Prince Johann of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (his great-great-uncle)
Alexander Duff, Duke of Fife (his uncle by marriage)
For the first four years of his life, John appeared healthy, but at the age of four he suffered his first epileptic seizure, and his condition gradually worsened. John grew up with his four brothers and one sister, moving with the family from one royal residence to another until 1917 when doctors advised that he be separated from his siblings because his seizures upset them. Most likely it was because John’s condition had deteriorated. Besides epilepsy, it is quite possible that John also had a mild form of autism.
A household was set up for John at Wood Farm on the Sandringham Estate and John lived there under the care of his nanny Charlotte Bill who was called Lala. Other staff at Wood Farm included John’s tutor Henry Peter Hansell, Thomas Haverly, a coachman who took John on outings in the country or to the sea, and to the ‘big house’ at Sandringham, a cook named Kate Bennett, whose niece Hilda Simpson was the live-in maid. Photos show John riding a bicycle and a horse without assistance. He had his own garden plot, “Prince John’s Garden.”
A young girl named Winifred Thomas, who suffered from asthma and had been sent to the country to live with her aunt and uncle, was John’s companion. Winifred visited John nearly every day and the two went on walks and cared for the garden. Later in life, Winifred recounted John’s excitement at watching zeppelins passing over Sandringham in 1916 and his pleasure in meeting ‘a real, live soldier’, her father Sergeant Frederick Thomas who visited that same year. She also remembered his mother, Queen Mary, as a loving and interested parent who spent much with her son. John’s grandmother Queen Alexandra also visited him often.
Until the early 20th century, epilepsy was often considered a psychological or behavioral dysfunction, and people with epilepsy were routinely confined to asylums. It appears that John was well looked after at Wood Farm and while it may have seemed cruel to separate him from his family’s everyday life, had he been born to an ordinary family, his fate would probably have been worse. The evidence suggests that he remained a happy child while at Wood Farm.
After John turned 13, his seizures became more frequent and severe. On the morning of January 18, 1919, John had a very severe seizure and died peacefully in his sleep at 5:30 that afternoon, most likely from Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy or SUDEP at Wood Farm in Wolferton in Norfolk, England. Queen Mary wrote in her diary, “The news gave me a great shock, tho’ for the poor little boy’s restless soul, death came as a great release.” John was buried at St. Mary Magdalene Church on the Sandringham Estate in Norfolk, England next to his uncle of the same name who lived only one day. His grandmother Queen Alexandra wrote to Queen Mary, “Now our two Johnnies rest side by side.”
This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. It is permissible to use a link that directs to Unofficial Royalty.
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https://en.vogue.me/weddings/rajwa-al-saif-prince-hussein-jordan-wedding-international-royal-guests-kate-middleton-queen-sophie-spain/
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en
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Which International Royals are Attending the Jordanian Royal Wedding?
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"Saleha Noor",
"Stephanie Bridger-Linning"
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2023-06-01T12:29:53+00:00
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A who’s who of international royals have arrived in Amman ahead of the Jordanian royal wedding of Crown Prince Hussein and Rajwa Al-Saif.
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Vogue Arabia
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https://www.tatler.com/gallery/a-whos-who-of-the-international-royals-at-crown-prince-hussein-of-jordans-lavish-royal-wedding
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International royals have arrived in Amman ahead of the Jordanian royal wedding of Crown Prince Hussein of Jordan and his wife-to-be, Rajwa Al-Saif. King Abdullah II and Queen Rania of Jordan, the proud parents of the groom, are poised to host representatives from at least 10 foreign monarchies and imperial families in what is sure to be a lavish day of celebrations.
In an exciting turn of events, William and Kate have arrived in the country ahead of the royal nuptials, despite not previously confirming their attendance. The Prince and Princess of Wales were spotted strolling across the lobby of a five-star hotel in Amman on Wednesday night. Prince William and Crown Prince Hussein are both graduates of Sandhurst.
Celebrations will started last night with a banquet hosted by King Abdullah II. Today, the couple will marry in the gardens of Zahran Palace – the venue of King Abdullah II and Queen Rania’s wedding in 1993 – before travelling to the modern Al Husseiniya Palace, where the newlyweds will receive guests before an evening banquet. The dress code has yet to be confirmed but it is expected there will be some glittering crown jewels on show.
Former King Juan Carlos, 85, and his wife Queen Sofia, 84, are expected to represent their son King Felipe VI. King Philippe of Belgium will be joined not by his wife Queen Mathilde but by his daughter and heir, Princess Elisabeth, who is studying at the University of Oxford. Another crown princess poised to attend is Princess Catharina-Amalia of the Netherlands, who will join her parents King Willem-Alexander and Queen Máxima. Both future queens also recently attended the Coronation reception at Buckingham Palace. Representing Queen Margrethe II of Denmark, who has battled health issues since the start of this year, will be her son and daughter-in-law Crown Prince Frederik and Crown Princess Mary.
Japan’s Princess Takamado, whose late husband was a cousin of the former Emperor Akihito, will attend with her daughter Princess Tsuguko of Takamado. In a touching moment, Prince Sébastien of Luxembourg, a contemporary of Crown Prince Hussein at Sandhurst, has also been given an invitation.
There will of course be a smattering of Jordanian royals. Crown Prince Hussein’s glamorous parents (recently returned from the King and Queen’s Coronation) will be joined by their three children, Princess Iman, 26, Prince Hashem, 18, and Princess Salma, 22. Princess Iman’s new husband, Jameel Alexander Thermiótis, is expected to join them.
With the date of the royal wedding upon us, here are the international royals who have confirmed so far…
The Prince and Princess of Wales
King Juan Carlos I and Queen Sofia of Spain
Princess Elisabeth and King Philippe of Belgium
Crown Princess Victoria and Prince Daniel of Sweden
King Willem-Alexander and Queen Máxima of the Netherlands
Princess Catharina-Amalia of the Netherlands
Crown Prince Frederik and Crown Princess Mary of Denmark
Crown Prince Haakon of Norway
Hisako, Princess Takamado of Japan
Princess Tsuguko of Takamado
Prince Sébastien of Luxembourg
Yang di-Pertuan Agong Al-Sultan Abdullah Ri’ayatuddin Al-Mustafa Billah Shah and Raja Permaisuri Agong Tunku Hajah Azizah Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah of Malaysia
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Belgian prince was excluded from royal duties because of his father
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2009-12-22T13:00:01+00:00
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1942-2009, Prince Alexandre of the Belgians
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The Sydney Morning Herald
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https://www.smh.com.au/national/belgian-prince-was-excluded-from-royal-duties-because-of-his-father-20091222-lbpy.html
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Prince Alexandre of the Belgians was the son of King Leopold III of the Belgians and the half-brother of two Belgian kings, Baudouin and the present King Albert II.
Alexandre, born on July 18, 1942, was baptised Alexandre Emmanuel Henri Albert Marie Leopold. He was the eldest of the three children of Leopold's second, very unpopular, marriage, to Liliane Baels.
Alexandre was born when his father was still king. Later his government decided Leopold was unfit to reign after he surrendered to the Nazis. He abdicated in 1951.
Alexandre and his sisters were recognised as members of the royal family but excluded from any rights to the throne.
Shortly before Belgium was liberated by the Allies in September 1944, the royal family was deported to Nazi Germany and guarded by 70 members of the SS. They were given inadequate food and lived in fear of death - not without reason as one of their captors apparently tried to feed them cyanide disguised as vitamins. Later they were transferred to Austria and, after liberation by the US Army, settled at Pregny, in Switzerland.
King Leopold was eventually allowed back to Brussels in July 1950 but, after serious rioting, was forced to abdicate again in favour of Prince Baudouin.
Alexandre planned to study medicine but settled on a business career. After attending the Royal Military School in Belgium, he gained a degree from the Catholic University of Louvain.
In 1991 he married Lea Inga Dora Wolman, who was twice divorced, in a civil ceremony in England. His mother was aware of the marriage but disapproved and, despite having suffered ostracism herself because of her unpopular marriage to Leopold, invited her son to social occasions without his wife. The marriage was made public only in 1998.
Last year in an interview Alexandre's wife said he had wanted to assume some official responsibilities but had been excluded. Instead he led the life of a bon vivant, enjoying fine food and the game of bridge.
His funeral was held at the at Laeken in the presence of the King and Queen, the Dowager Queen Fabiola (the widow of Baudouin) and other members of the family.
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https://althistory.fandom.com/wiki/Leopold_I_of_Belgium_(The_Lost_Prince)
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Leopold I of Belgium (The Lost Prince)
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Leopold I (French: fr: 'Léopold'; 16 December 1790 – 10 December 1865) was the first king of the Belgians, reigning from 21 July 1831 until his death in 1865. The youngest son of Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Leopold took a commission in the Imperial Russian Army and fought against...
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https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/althistory/images/4/4a/Site-favicon.ico/revision/latest?cb=20210916203836
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Alternative History
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https://althistory.fandom.com/wiki/Leopold_I_of_Belgium_(The_Lost_Prince)
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Belgian royal family
The King
The Queen
The Duke of Brabant
Princess Elisabeth
The Queen of Spain
King Albert II
Queen Paola
Princess Astrid
Prince Lorenz
Prince Amedeo
Princess Elisabetta
Princess Maria Laura
Prince Joachim
Princess Luisa Maria
Princess Laetitia Maria
Prince Laurent
Princess Claire
Princess Louise
Prince Nicolas
Prince Aymeric
Princess Delphine
Princess Joséphine
Prince Oscar
Princess Léa
Princess Marie-Christine, Mrs Gourges
Princess Marie-Esméralda, Lady Moncada
Notable Decreased Members
HM King Leopold I
HM King Leopold II
HM Queen Caroline
Leopold I (French: fr: 'Léopold'; 16 December 1790 – 10 December 1865) was the first king of the Belgians, reigning from 21 July 1831 until his death in 1865.
The youngest son of Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Leopold took a commission in the Imperial Russian Army and fought against Napoleon after French troops overran Saxe-Coburg during the Napoleonic Wars. After Napoleon's defeat, Leopold moved to the United Kingdom where he married Princess Charlotte of Wales, who was second in line to the British throne and the only legitimate child of the Prince Regent (the future King George IV). Charlotte died after only a year of marriage, but Leopold continued to enjoy considerable status in Britain.
After the Greek War of Independence (1821–1830), Leopold was offered the throne of Greece under the 1830 London Protocol that created an independent Greek state, but turned it down, believing it to be too precarious. Instead, he accepted the throne of Belgium in 1831 following the country's independence in 1830. The Belgian government offered the position to Leopold because of his diplomatic connections with royal houses across Europe, and because as the British-backed candidate, he was not affiliated with other powers, such as France, which were believed to have territorial ambitions in Belgium which might threaten the European balance of power created by the 1815 Congress of Vienna.
Leopold took his oath as King of the Belgians on 21 July 1831, an event commemorated annually as Belgian National Day. His reign was marked by attempts by the Dutch to recapture Belgium and, later, by internal political division between liberals and Catholics. As a Protestant, Leopold was considered liberal and encouraged economic modernisation, playing an important role in encouraging the creation of Belgium's first railway in 1835 and subsequent industrialisation. As a result of the ambiguities in the Belgian Constitution, Leopold was able to slightly expand the monarch's powers during his reign. He also played an important role in stopping the spread of the Revolutions of 1848 into Belgium. He died in 1865 and was succeeded by his son, Leopold II.
Marriage to Charlotte[]
Leopold received British citizenship in March 1816.
On 2 May 1816, Leopold married Princess Charlotte of Wales at Carlton House in London. Charlotte was the only legitimate child of the Regent George (later George IV) and therefore second in line to the British throne. The Prince Regent had hoped Charlotte would marry William, Prince of Orange, but she favoured Leopold. Although the Regent was displeased, he found Leopold to be charming and possessing every quality to make his daughter happy, and so approved their marriage. The same year Leopold received an honorary commission to the rank of Field Marshal and Knight of the Order of the Garter. The Regent also considered making Leopold a royal duke, the Duke of Kendal, though the plan was abandoned due to government fears that it would draw Leopold into party politics and would be viewed as a demotion for Charlotte.The couple lived initially at Camelford House on Park Lane, and then at Marlborough House on Pall Mall.
On 5 November 1817, after having suffered a miscarriage, Princess Charlotte gave birth to a stillborn son. She herself died the next day following complications. Leopold was said to have been heartbroken by her death.
Had Charlotte survived, she would have become queen of the United Kingdom on the death of her father and Leopold presumably would have assumed the role of prince consort, later taken by his nephew Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Despite Charlotte's death, the Prince Regent granted Prince Leopold the British style of Royal Highness by Order in Council on 6 April 1818.
Affairs with sister-in-law Louise[]
When Leopold visited Coburg in 1818, while his brother Ernest was away, he comforted his sister-in-law, Louise, who has been neglected by his brother since marriage. Louise fell in love with Leopold, while Leopold seen Louise as Charlotte’s substitute.
They soon developed an ambiguous relationship and after both of them accidentally drank Ernest’s wine containing aphrodisiac for his mistress, Leopold, who has been abstinence since Charlottes death, eventually kissed Louise who had dressed as Charlotte and had a passionate sex with her. Louise became Leopold’s woman.
Louise was conceived after that night. On August 1819, she gave birth to a son name Albert, the future Prince Consort. Leopold felt regretful as he betrayed Charlotte mentally and physically, he left Coburg and returned to UK.
When Leopold is back to Coburg a year later, on a rainy night, we went shelter with Louise on Ernest’s mansion and they were all soaked. Leopold cannot suppress his feeling for Louise anymore when helping her close the window, they kissed passionately and had sex that night again, they continued to have sex in the coming months, Louise was conceived that night and gave birth to another boy nine months later, she named her second son as Carl, who would married Queen Victoria’s sister, Princess Caroline and eventually developed sexual affairs with Queen Victoria.
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https://europeanroyalhistory.wordpress.com/tag/king-albert-ii-of-belgium/
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King Albert II of Belgium
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Posts about King Albert II of Belgium written by liamfoley63
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en
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European Royal History
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https://europeanroyalhistory.wordpress.com/tag/king-albert-ii-of-belgium/
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Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant (Dutch: Elisabeth Theresia Maria Helena; French: Élisabeth Thérèse Marie Hélène; born October 25, 2001) is the heir apparent to the Belgian throne. The eldest child of King Philippe and Queen Mathilde, she acquired her position after her grandfather King Albert II abdicated in favour of her father on July 21, 2013.
The first child of the then Duke and Duchess of Brabant, Elisabeth was delivered by Caesarean section at 21:58 CET on October 25, 2001 at the Erasmus Hospital, the teaching hospital of Université libre de Bruxelles in Anderlecht, Brussels.
She was baptized on December 9, 2001 in the chapel of Ciergnon Castle in the Belgian Ardennes, by Cardinal Godfried Danneels, the Archbishop of Mechelen-Brussels. Her godparents are Archduke Amedeo of Austria-Este (paternal cousin), and Countess Hélène d’Udekem d’Acoz (maternal aunt).
Education
Elisabeth studied at St John Berchmans College in the Marollen district of Brussels, which had been attended by her older cousins, the children of her paternal aunt, Princess Astrid of Belgium. This is a significant change in the habits of the royal family, as it is the first time that a future Belgian monarch’s education has begun in Dutch.
In 2018, she continued her secondary education at UWC Atlantic College in Wales and received her International Baccalaureate Diploma in 2020. She also attended the Yale Young Global Scholars Program at Yale University.
After her secondary school graduation in 2020, she spent a year at the Royal Military Academy Belgium in Brussels, studying Social and Military Sciences. She began studying history and politics at Lincoln College, University of Oxford in October 2021, while remain attending Royal Military Academy Belgium’s annual summer camps and other practical and theoretical military classes.
Elisabeth speaks Dutch, French, German and English. She also took classes in Mandarin Chinese.
Position
Ten years prior to Elisabeth’s birth, a new act of succession was put into effect which introduced absolute primogeniture, meaning that she comes first in the line of succession because she is the eldest child.
On July 21, 2013, once Elisabeth’s father had taken the oath of office as King of the Belgians (his father, King Albert II, having abdicated shortly before), she became heir apparent to the throne and as such bears the title of Duchess of Brabant. If she ascends to the throne as expected, she will be Belgium’s first female monarch.
Leopold III (November 3, 1901 – September 25, 1983) was King of the Belgians from 1934 until 1951, when he abdicated in favour of the heir apparent, his son
Prince Leopold was born in Brussels, the first child of King Albert I of the Belgians and his consort, Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria.* In 1909 his father became King of the Belgians, as Albert I, and Prince Leopold became Duke of Brabant, the title of the heir to the Belgian throne.
Astrid (far right) with her mother and sisters
Prince Leopold married Princess Astrid of Sweden in a civil ceremony in Stockholm on November 4, 1926, followed by a religious ceremony in Brussels on November 10. Princess Astrid was the third child and youngest daughter of Prince Carl, Duke of Västergötland, and his wife, Princess Ingeborg of Denmark.
Her father was the third son of Oscar II, King of Sweden and Norway, by his wife, Sophia of Nassau. Her mother was a daughter of King Frederick VIII of Denmark by his wife, Louise of Sweden. Astrid’s father was a younger brother of King Gustav V of Sweden, and her mother was the younger sister of kings Christian X of Denmark and Haakon VII of Norway. The marriage produced three children:
1. Princess Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium, (October 11, 1927 – January 10, 2005) Grand Duchess consort of Luxembourg, through married on to Prince Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg.
2. King Baudouin of Belgium, Duke of Brabant, Count of Hainaut, (September 7, 1930 – July 31, 1993).
3. King Albert II of Belgium, Prince of Liège, (June 6, 1934 -) He abdicated in July 2013.
On August 29, 1935, while the king and queen were driving along the winding, narrow roads near their villa at Küssnacht am Rigi, Schwyz, Switzerland, on the shores of Lake Lucerne, Leopold lost control of the car which plunged into the lake, killing Queen Astrid.
Leopold married Lilian Baels on September 11, 1941 in a secret, religious ceremony, with no validity under Belgian law. The new Princess of Réthy was soon expecting their first child, the ceremony took place on December 6, 1941. They had three children in total:
1. Prince Alexandre of Belgium, (July 18, 1942 – November 29, 2009) married Léa Wolman.
2. Princess Marie-Christine of Belgium, (February 6, 1951 -) Her first marriage, to Paul Drucker in 1981, lasted 40 days (and formally divorced in 1985); she subsequently married Jean-Paul Gourges in 1989.
3. Princess Marie-Esméralda of Belgium, (September 30, 1956 – ) a journalist, her professional name is Esmeralda de Réthy. She married pharmacologist Salvador Moncada in 1998. They have a son and a daughter.
The Duke of Brabant succeeded to the throne of Belgium on February 23, 1934, as King Leopold III following the death of his father King Albert I.
The controversial reign of Leopold III would need several blog entries to detail this complex topic and which I will do in the future. Therefore today, I will simply summarize the information.
King Leopold III during World War II
Leopold’s controversial actions during the Second World War resulted in a political crisis known as the Royal Question. The Royal Question was a major political crisis in Belgium that lasted from 1945 to 1951, coming to a head between March and August 1950. During Leopold’s exile from 1944 until 1950, Leopold’s brother, Charles, served as prince regent while Leopold was declared unable to reign.
The “question” at stake surrounded whether King Leopold III could return to the country and resume his royal duties as King of the Belgians amid allegations that his actions during World War II had gone contrary to the provisions of the Belgian Constitution. In 1950, following a referendum, Leopold was allowed to return from exile to Belgium, but the continuing political instability pressured him to abdicate on July 16, 1951 in favor of his eldest son Baudouin.
In retirement, he followed his passion as an amateur social anthropologist and entomologist and travelled the world, collecting zoological specimens. Two species of reptiles are named after him, Gehyra leopoldi and Polemon leopoldi. He went to Senegal and strongly criticized the French decolonization process, and he explored the Orinoco and the Amazon with Heinrich Harrer.
Leopold died in 1983 in Woluwe-Saint-Lambert aged 81, following emergency heart surgery. He was interred next to Queen Astrid in the royal vault at the Church of Our Lady of Laeken. Leopold’s second wife, the Princess de Réthy, was later interred with them.
Notable royal descendants
As of 2020 two of Leopold’s grandsons are reigning monarchs: Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg since 2000, and King Philippe of Belgium since 2013.
* Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria was the daughter of Karl-Theodor, Duke in Bavaria, head of a cadet branch of the Bavarian Royal Family and an ophthalmologist. She was named after her father’s sister, Empress Elisabeth of Austria, better known as Sisi, wife of Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria-Hungry. Her mother was Maria Josepha of Portugal, daughter of exiled Miguel I of Portugal and his wife Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg.
As we’ve seen, the overwhelming vast majority of monarchs that were both deposed or abdicated kept their royal titles. An exception being the three monarchs of the Netherlands (all queens) whom assumed the title of Princess upon their abdications. However, when both King Juan Carlos of Spain and Albert II of the Belgians recently abdicated they retained their titles. When Pope Benedict XVI resigned his position as Pope, the Vatican bestowed on him the title pope emeritus shortly after his resignation.
HRH The Duke of Windsor
Now let us examine why Edward VIII of the United Kingdom was not allowed to retain his royal title.
Duke of Windsor
On December 12, 1936, at the accession meeting of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom, George VI announced he was to make his brother the “Duke of Windsor” with the style of Royal Highness. He wanted this to be the first act of his reign, although the formal documents were not signed until March 8, 1937 that following year. During the interim, Edward was universally known as the Duke of Windsor. George VI’s decision to create Edward a royal duke ensured that he could neither stand for election to the House of Commons nor speak on political subjects in the House of Lords.
HRH The Duke of Windsor
Letters Patent dated May 27, 1937 re-conferred the “title, style, or attribute of Royal Highness” upon the Duke of Windsor, but specifically stated that “his wife and descendants, if any, shall not hold said title or attribute”. Some British ministers advised that the reconfirmation was unnecessary since Edward had retained the style automatically, and further that Simpson would automatically obtain the rank of wife of a prince with the style Her Royal Highness; others maintained that he had lost all royal rank and should no longer carry any royal title or style as an abdicated king, and be referred to simply as “Mr Edward Windsor”. Personally, I am not aware of the precedent for lowering Edward VIII’s titles to either a Royal Highness or simply as “Mr Edward Windsor”.
On April 14, 1937, Attorney General Sir Donald Somervell submitted to Home Secretary Sir John Simona memorandum summarising the views of Lord Advocate T. M. Cooper, Parliamentary Counsel Sir Granville Ram, and himself:
1. We incline to the view that on his abdication the Duke of Windsor could not have claimed the right to be described as a Royal Highness. In other words, no reasonable objection could have been taken if the King had decided that his exclusion from the lineal succession excluded him from the right to this title as conferred by the existing Letters Patent.
2. The question however has to be considered on the basis of the fact that, for reasons which are readily understandable, he with the express approval of His Majesty enjoys this title and has been referred to as a Royal Highness on a formal occasion and in formal documents. In the light of precedent it seems clear that the wife of a Royal Highness enjoys the same title unless some appropriate express step can be and is taken to deprive her of it.
3. We came to the conclusion that the wife could not claim this right on any legal basis. The right to use this style or title, in our view, is within the prerogative of His Majesty and he has the power to regulate it by Letters Patent generally or in particular circumstance.
Wallis Simpson, Duchess of Windsor
As we’ve seen retaining the royal title is the established precedent. Also, if he retained the title of King that also would have ensured that he could neither stand for election to the House of Commons nor speak on political subjects in the House of Lords. There was a great prejudice toward Edward’s spouse, Wallis Simpson, and the denial of both the kingly and royal styles and titles were an attempt to deny them to her. It is my opinion that is the main reason Edward VIII did not retain his kingly status.
This is the last of the three part series on King Christian IX of Denmark. In this section I will examine his reign and the vast family connections that lead to the sobriquet “the Father-in-law-of-Europe.”
Immediately after he succeeded to the throne the question of the Schleswig-Holsein duchies came to a head. The issue lead to a short war with Prussia resulting in a loss of the duchies from Denmark. I will not relate the long complex history of the war here for in many ways it is more for the story on the unification of Germany than that of the reign of King Christian IX. The initial defeat tainted the early days of Christian’s reign and for a while made him unpopular. Increasing his unpopularity was his support of the authoritarian Prime Minister Estrup who ruled Denmark as a virtual dictator between 1875 and 1894. This occurred in an era when Parliamentary democracies were on the rise throughout Europe. His first step toward constitutionalism was when in 1874 he granted Iceland, a Danish possession at the time, its own constitution. It wasn’t however, given its independence.
It wasn’t until 1901 when the king began allowing these types of transformations in Denmark. He begrudgingly asked Johan Henrik Deuntzer to form a government which resulted in the creation of the Cabinet of Deuntzer that included members of the Venstre Reform Party and was the first Danish government not to include the conservative party. This began the tradition of a Parliamentary style government and from then on until his death a few years later the poularity of Christian IX grew. Højre, even though Højre never had a majority of the seats in the Folketing. This was the beginning of the Danish tradition of parliamentarian democracy and this improved his reputation for his last years.
Similarly to Queen Victoria, the Children and grand-children of King Christian IX and Queen Louise linked the Danish Royal Family to many other royal families of Europe. Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, King Albert II of Belgium, King Harald V of Norway, Queen Margrethe II of Denmark and Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg. The consorts Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, and Queen Sofía of Spain are also agnatic descendants of Christian IX, as is Constantine II of Greece (the former and last King of the Hellenes).
The eldest son, future King Frederik VIII of Denmark, was married to Princess Louise of Sweden & Norway the daughter of King Carl XV of Sweden & Norway and his wife Princess Louise of the Netherlands. They had eight children and the first two became kings in their own right. The eldest, Prince Christian, became King Christian X of Denmark in 1912 and the second son, Prince Carl was elected to the throne of Norway when that country won its independence from Sweden in 1905. Prince Carl of Denmark married his paternal first cousin, Princess Maud of Wales, and upon accepting the throne of Norway he changed his name to Haakon and became King Haakon VII of Norway. Haakon & Maud are the grandparents of Norway’s current king, Harald V.
Christian IX’s eldest daughter, the lovely Princess Alexandra, married Prince Albert Edward, the Prince of Wales on 10 March 1863 married at St. George’s Chapel, Windsor Castle. With Queen Victoria still in official mourning for the Prince Consort the wedding was more like a funeral than a wedding. They had six children. The eldest son, Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence, died from pneumonia in 1892. The second eldest son became King George V of the United Kingdom and is the grandfather of the present queen, Elizabeth II. Their daughter Maud, married, as we have seen, her cousin, King Haakon VII of Norway.
The next son, Prince Wilhelm of Denmark, entered the Danish Navy at the age of 17 and soon found himself elected to the throne of Greece. The unpopular King Otto of Greece was deposed in 1862 but Greece wanted to remain a monarchy. One of the first choices was Prince Alfred, the Duke of Edinburgh, second son of Britain’s queen Victoria, but this offer was declined. The choice then fell to Prince Wilhelm of Denmark who ascended the Greek throne as King George I of the Hellenes. Christian IX’s son became a king a few months before Christian himself inherited the Danish throne! King George I married Grand Duchess Olga Constantinovna of Russia, the daughter of Grand Duke f Grand Duke Constantine Nikolaievich and his wife Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg. George and Olga were the paternal grandparents of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, consort to Britain’s Queen Elizabeth II.
The next child was Princess Dagmar. Initially she was betrothed Czarevich Nicolas Alexandrovich of Russia eldest son of Czar Alexander II of Russia. He did before the wedding and upon Nicholas’ wishes she married his younger brother in 1866 who became Czar Alexander III of Russia in 1881. She converted to the Russian Orthodox faith and was renamed Maria Feodorovna. They were also the parents of the ill-fatted and tragic Czar Nicholas II of Russia. At the start of the Russian Revolution she was able to leave Russia and return to Denmark where she died there in 1828. On September, 28 2006 the remains of Empress Maria Feodorovna were returned to Russia and after a service at Saint Isaac’s Cathedral, she was interred next to her husband Alexander III in the Peter and Paul Cathedral, 140 years after her first arrival to Russia.
The last two children of Christian IX and Louise, Thyra and Waldemar, did not make as notable of marriages as their older siblings. Thyra married, Ernst August II, Duke of Cumberland, Prince of Hanover and the United Kingdom of Great Britain. Ernst August was heir to the defunct throne of Hanover which lost its throne in the war against Prussia during the time of German Unification. Thyra’s and Ernst’s son, Ernst August III, married Victoria-Louise of Prussia, the only daughter of German Emperor Wilhelm II, as a means of mending fences. Their descendents did marry into both the Greek and Spanish thrones. Waldemar married Princess Marie d’Orleans in 1885. Princess Marie d’Orleans was the daughter of Prince Philippe VII, Comte d’Paris, pretender to the French throne.
King Christian IX died on February 15, 1906 at the age of 87 and after a reign of 43 years. An interesting King who lived through very interesting times and whose descendants still occupy the thrones of Europe.
The King was born on June 6, 1934 the second son of King Leopold III (1901–1983) of Belgium and his first wife Princess Astrid of Sweden (1905–1935). Albert was not expected to be king. His elder brother, King Baudouin (1930-1993), succeeded his father upon his abdication in 1951. King Baudouin was married to Fabiola de Mora y Aragón and although the union was a happy one, they did not have any children. Even then Albert was not expected to be king. It was understood that Albert’s son, the Prince Philippe, Duke of Brabant, would eventually succeed his uncle the king. I was surprised, and read that many Belgians were also surprised, when Albert assumed the kingship upon his brothers death in 1993. The king is first cousin to the reigning King Harald V of Norway and the uncle of the reigning Grand Duke Henri of Luxemburg.
He was born in Stuyvenberg Castle, Brussels. In 1940 when Belgium was occupied by Germany, Prince Albert, his elder sister Princess Joséphine-Charlotte and his brother Prince Baudouin, left the country where they spent time first in France and then later Spain. When they returned to Belgium later that year the young Belgian royals continued their studies at school until they were deported byu the Germans in 1944. Liberated by the American troops in 1945. But because of political unrest in Belgium, which would even tally lead to his father’s abdication, King Leopold and his family moved to the villa “Le Reposoir” in Pregny, Switzerland, and then they moved to Austria where they remained until returning to Belgium in July of 1950. .
Known as Prince Albert of Liege he represented Belgium (a Catholic country) at the Vatican for the papal coronation of Pope John XXIII in 1958. While at a reception at the Belgian embassy Albert met Italian Princess Paola Ruffo di Calabria. The two soon became an item and were married on July 2, 1959 and have three children. The eldest child and heir to the throne is Prince Philippe, Duke of Brabant (1960-) and is married to Mathilde d’Udekem d’Acoz . Their next child is Princess Astrid (1962-), married to Archduke Lorenz of Austria-Este, Duke of Modena. Princess Astrid was falsely rumored to be the future bride of Prince Charles, the Prince of Wales, back in the late 70s. Their youngest child is Prince Laurent (1963-) who is married to Claire Coombs who was created a princess of Belgium. The five children of Princess Astrid and Archduke Lorenz were also created princes and princesses of Belgium.
Prior to becoming king Albert’s main job was the Honorary President of the Board of Directors of the Belgian Foreign Trade Office. He held this office for 31 years where he presided over trade missions throughout the world and visited Belgian companies that were operating in the field export. As king his duties are representative. Here is the section on his duties as king from the website of the Belgian Royal Family.
http://www.monarchie.be/monarchy-today
The Monarchy today
The King of Belgium’s duties include contacts with a wide range of representatives of Belgian society: members of the federal government, of the community and regional governments, MPs and political leaders, representatives of the economic, social, cultural and scientific sectors, academia, the media …
The King and the members of the Royal Family also keep in close touch with the citizens of Belgium, promoting private and public initiatives that help bring about social improvements. The King and the members of the Royal Family represent Belgium abroad at the highest levels (State visits, trade missions, participation in international meetings).
The king has been on the throne for 19 years and has been a solid representative of the Belgian nation. In 2010-2011 when the was no government for 451 days the king was a stabilizing presence while the politicians worked through their deadlock.
May he continue in good health and long may he reign.
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KING LEOPOLD DIES; LED THE BELGIANS
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King Leopold III, who was forced to abdicate to his son Baudouin in 1951 for surrendering to invading Nazi forces during World War II, died today after a heart attack, the royal palace announced. He was 81 years old.
The palace said the King died a few hours after emergency heart surgery by a team of Belgian and American doctors at a Brussels university hospital.
The royal palace communique said: ''His Majesty King Leopold III was urgently taken to the Louvain University Hospital in Brussels. He had a coronary bridging performed, aiming at correcting insufficient irrigation of the myocardium.'' The myocardium is the muscular substance of the heart.
''A few hours after the operation, a failure of the myocardium occurred leading to death the same day,'' it said.
Life Marked by Misfortune
The life of Leopold III, King of the Belgians, was marked by misfortune, from the early deaths of his father and first wife to his abdication because of alleged Nazi sympathies.
King Leopold ascended the throne in 1934 at the age of 32 after his father, King Albert I, was killed while mountain climbing.
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Download this stock image: Princess Lea of Belgium attends the funeral ceremony for Prince Alexander of Belgium in Laken, Belgium, 04 December 2009. Prince Alexander died on 29 November 2009. He was the half-brother of King Albert II of Belgium. Photo: Patrick van Katwijk - D4TYMM from Alamy's library of millions of high resolution stock photos, illustrations and vectors.
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Prince Alexander of Yugoslavia and his children de Photographie originale / Original photograph: (1960) Fotografía
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Soft cover - 1960 - Photographie,Vintage , Prince Alexander of Yugoslavia (Aleksandar Pavlov Kara?or?evi?; born 13 August 1924), is the eldest son of late Prince Paul of Yugoslavia, who acted as Regent of Yugoslavia in the 1930s, and his wife, Princess Olga of Greece and Denmark. Alexander was born at White Lodge, Richmond Park, United Kingdom, and is currently 1374th in the Line of succession to the British throne. On 12 February 1955, Alexander married Princess Maria Pia of Savoy, daughter of King Umberto II of Italy and of his wife, Princess Marie-José of Belgium. The marriage took place at Cascais in Portugal where the bride's father was living in exile. The couple had met on the 22 August 1954 royal cruise of the Agamemnon hosted by King Paul and Queen Frederika of the Hellenes. Alexander and Maria Pia have twin sons born in 1958, a second pair of twins being born during the marriage five years later: Prince Dimitri of Yugoslavia (b. 1958) Prince Michael of Yugoslavia (b. 1958) Prince Sergius Wladimir Emanuel Marie of Yugoslavia (born 12 March 1963) Princess Helene Olga Lydia Tamara Maria of Yugoslavia (born 12 March 1963), married Thierry Gaubert (born 14 May 1951 in Paris) on 12 January 1988 and had issue: Milena Maria-Pia Gaubert (born 8 July 1988) Nastasia Marie-José Gaubert (born 22 February 1991) Alexander and Maria Pia divorced in 1967, and in 2003 she married Prince Michel of Bourbon-Parma, himself divorced from Princess Yolande de Broglie-Revel. On 2 November 1973, Alexander married in a civil ceremony Princess Barbara of Liechtenstein (b. 9 July 1942), a cousin of that principality's monarch, in Paris. They have one son: Prince Dushan Paul of Yugoslavia (born 25 September 1977) Alexander is one of the four founding members of the Serbian Unity Congress.[2] He is patron of the Center for Research of Orthodox Monarchism.[3] He lives in Paris. On 17 February 2008, Alexander issued a statement condemning the declaration of independence by Kosovo. Alexander's coat of arms Prince Alexander attained the age of 90 on 13 August 2014. A brief celebration of his life in words and pictures appeared in that month's UK magazine 'Majesty'. // Circa 1960 // Tirage argentique // Format (cm): 18x24 - Prince Alexander of Yugoslavia and his children
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Descripción
Photographie,Vintage , Prince Alexander of Yugoslavia (Aleksandar Pavlov Kara?or?evi?; born 13 August 1924), is the eldest son of late Prince Paul of Yugoslavia, who acted as Regent of Yugoslavia in the 1930s, and his wife, Princess Olga of Greece and Denmark. Alexander was born at White Lodge, Richmond Park, United Kingdom, and is currently 1374th in the Line of succession to the British throne. On 12 February 1955, Alexander married Princess Maria Pia of Savoy, daughter of King Umberto II of Italy and of his wife, Princess Marie-José of Belgium. The marriage took place at Cascais in Portugal where the bride's father was living in exile. The couple had met on the 22 August 1954 royal cruise of the Agamemnon hosted by King Paul and Queen Frederika of the Hellenes. Alexander and Maria Pia have twin sons born in 1958, a second pair of twins being born during the marriage five years later: Prince Dimitri of Yugoslavia (b. 1958) Prince Michael of Yugoslavia (b. 1958) Prince Sergius Wladimir Emanuel Marie of Yugoslavia (born 12 March 1963) Princess Helene Olga Lydia Tamara Maria of Yugoslavia (born 12 March 1963), married Thierry Gaubert (born 14 May 1951 in Paris) on 12 January 1988 and had issue: Milena Maria-Pia Gaubert (born 8 July 1988) Nastasia Marie-José Gaubert (born 22 February 1991) Alexander and Maria Pia divorced in 1967, and in 2003 she married Prince Michel of Bourbon-Parma, himself divorced from Princess Yolande de Broglie-Revel. On 2 November 1973, Alexander married in a civil ceremony Princess Barbara of Liechtenstein (b. 9 July 1942), a cousin of that principality's monarch, in Paris. They have one son: Prince Dushan Paul of Yugoslavia (born 25 September 1977) Alexander is one of the four founding members of the Serbian Unity Congress.[2] He is patron of the Center for Research of Orthodox Monarchism.[3] He lives in Paris. On 17 February 2008, Alexander issued a statement condemning the declaration of independence by Kosovo. Alexander's coat of arms Prince Alexander attained the age of 90 on 13 August 2014. A brief celebration of his life in words and pictures appeared in that month's UK magazine 'Majesty'. // Circa 1960 // Tirage argentique // Format (cm): 18x24. N° de ref. del artículo ME2075
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Report: Memorial Mass for King Baudouin of the Belgians
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By our "field reporter" Arjan. On Saturday, 8 September, a memorial mass to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the death of King Baudo...
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http://www.luxarazzi.com/2018/09/report-memorial-mass-for-king-baudouin.html
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https://royalty.miraheze.org/wiki/Leka,_Prince_of_Albania
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en
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Leka, Prince of Albania
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[
"Royalpedia"
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2024-06-25T19:24:41+00:00
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en
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Royalpedia
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https://royalty.miraheze.org/wiki/Leka,_Prince_of_Albania
|
Leka II, Crown Prince of the Albanians (Leka Anwar Zog Reza Baudouin Msiziwe Zogu, born 26 March 1982) is the heir to the throne of Albania and the head of the House of Zogu.
Born in South Africa, Leka is the only child of Leka I of Albania and his wife Susan Cullen-Ward. He is the only grandchild of Zog I of Albania, succeeding as head of the royal house upon the death of his father in 2011. He has worked as an official at the country's interior and foreign ministries.
In May 2010, Leka became engaged to Elia Zaharia,[1] an Albanian actress and singer. They married on 8 October 2016 in Tirana.[2]
Early life[edit]
Leka is the son of the pretender to the defunct throne of Albania, King Leka I, and his Australian wife Susan Cullen-Ward known as Queen Susan.
At the time of his birth on 26 March 1982, the South African government declared his maternity ward temporarily Albanian territory to ensure that Leka was born on Albanian soil,[3] although the Communist Albanian government would not have recognised it as such. He was named in honour of Egyptian president Anwar El Sadat, his grandfather King Zog I, Emperor Mohammed Reza of Iran, and Baudouin I, King of the Belgians. Msiziwe is a Zulu honorific. Leka is a member of the House of Zogu founded by King Zog.
Education and activities[edit]
Leka's secondary school education took place at St Peter's College, an Anglican school in Johannesburg. In December 2005, he graduated from Sandhurst Military Academy, United Kingdom, as did his father before him. Prince Leka was named Best Foreign Student of the Academy.[4] He was congratulated by the Albanian Minister of Defence for this achievement. He completed studies at the Università per Stranieri in Perugia, Italy, in the Italian language and at the Albanian Military Academy Skanderbej. He has also studied international relations.[5]
Leka resides in Tirana. He speaks Albanian, English, some Zulu, and Italian. He owns boxer dogs, and his interests include martial arts, volleyball, and swimming. He is fond of wildlife and has taken part in mountain climbing, abseiling, and target shooting.
On 5 April 2004 Leka accepted the Mother Teresa Medal on behalf of his late grandmother, Queen Géraldine, for her humanitarian efforts.[6]
Leka is known to have worked with youth organizations, like MJAFT!, and supported a wide range of humanitarian efforts in Albania, but he maintains that he only supports self-help projects to stimulate Albanian and Kosovar economic growth, Gazeta Sot.
Leka is known as a supporter of Kosovo independence from Serbia and has close ties with the Kosovo leadership in Pristina.
Leka founded the youth leadership of the Movement for National Development, which was a movement created by his father in 2005 to change the political face of Albania.
On 24 June 2010 Prince Leka unveiled a blue plaque at Parmoor House in Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom, which was the home of King Zog during his wartime exile. [7]
Public service[edit]
On 21 August 2007, Foreign Minister Lulzim Basha announced that Leka had been appointed to his office. The prince intended to pursue a career in diplomacy.[5] After three years he transferred to the office of the Minister of Interior. After the election of Bujar Nishani as president in 2012, Leka was appointed as political adviser to the President.[8]
Personal life[edit]
Leka met Elia Zaharia in Paris, and in May 2010 they were engaged. Since then she has accompanied him on most of his visits and meetings with members of royal families. She is also head of the Queen Geraldine Foundation, which is a humanitarian, charitable and non-profit organisation, created by the Royal Court. The foundation aims to be close to the Albanian families who need help and to children who need care. It has reconstructed numerous schools and kindergartens in northern Albania, especially in the Mat District, from where the Zogu Family comes.
On 27 March 2016 it was announced by Skënder Zogu (born 1933), a member of the Zogu family, that the couple would be married on 8 October 2016 in the Royal Palace in Tirana.[2]
On 17 January 2024 Prince Leka announced that he and Princess Elia would be getting a divorce.[9][10]
Wedding[edit]
Leka was married on Saturday 8 October 2016 in Tirana. The ceremony was a semi-official ceremony, held in Tirana in the Royal Palace, with many guests including members of other noble and royal families. The event was a civil wedding officiated by the Mayor of Tirana, Erion Veliaj. A blessing was given by the five religious leaders of Albania representing the faiths of Sunni Islam, Bektashi, and the Christian traditions of Orthodox, Catholic and Protestant. This tradition of the Albanian royal family is part of the tradition of religious tolerance in Albania.[11]
Wedding guests included friends and relatives from around the world including relatives of his mother from Australia. Guests also included members of other royal families from neighbouring countries and further afield. These included Queen Sofia of Spain and Prince and Princess Michael of Kent. Prince Michael of Kent is a cousin of Queen Elizabeth II and his wife Princess Michael of Kent is related to Prince Leka through her mother, Countess Marianne Szapáry, who was a 5th cousin of Queen Géraldine and had been a bridesmaid at her wedding to King Zog in 1938. Other royal guests included Empress Farah Pahlavi of Iran, Crown Prince Alexander and Crown Princess Katherine of Yugoslavia, Crown Princess Margareta of Romania, Custodian of the Crown and Prince Radu of Romania, Crown Prince Nikola of Montenegro, Prince Guillaume of Luxembourg together with Princess Sibilla, Georg Friedrich, Prince of Prussia, Princess Léa of Belgium and other members from the royal families of Russia, Liechtenstein, Romania, Greece, Georgia, Morocco and members of other noble families. Heads of state of Albania also attended the ceremony.[12]
Leka is Muslim, while his wife Elia Zaharia is Albanian Orthodox Christian.[13]
Children[edit]
Elia Zogu gave birth to a daughter on 22 October 2020 at Queen Geraldine Maternity Hospital in Tirana, on the 18th anniversary of Leka’s grandmother Queen Geraldine’s death. Their daughter was named Geraldine in her honour.[14][15]
Honours and awards[edit]
Honours[edit]
National dynastic honours[edit]
House of Zogu: Sovereign Knight with Collar of the Royal Order of Albania[16]
House of Zogu: Sovereign Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Fidelity[16]
House of Zogu: Sovereign Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Skanderbeg[16][17]
Albanian Royal Family: Sovereign of the Military Order and Medal of Bravery[16]
Foreign honours[edit]
Italian Royal Family: Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus[18]
Two Sicilian Royal Family: Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Francis I[19]
Russian Imperial Family: Knight Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of Saint Andrew[20]
Awards[edit]
Honored Citizen of the City of Burrel (2012)
Honored Citizen of the Commune of Bërdicë (2012)
Key to City of New Orleans (2011)
Honorary Mayor of the City of Baton Rouge
Ancestry[edit]
References[edit]
Bibliography[edit]
Patrice Najbor, Histoire de l'Albanie et de sa maison royale (5 volumes), JePublie, Paris, 2008, (ISBN 978-2-9532382-0-4).
Patrice Najbor, la dynastye des Zogu, Textes & Prétextes, Paris, 2002
Geraldine of the Albanians; Robyns, Gwen – ISBN 0-584-11133-9
Rees, Neil: A Royal Exile – King Zog & Queen Geraldine of Albania including their wartime exile in the Thames Valley and Chilterns, 2010 (ISBN 978-0-9550883-1-5)
[edit]
Official website of the Albanian Royal Court
Site Officiel de la Maison Royale d'Albanie
Histoire de l'Albanie et de sa Maison Royale 1443-2007
L'Albanie et le sauvetage des Juifs
Leka, Prince of Albania
Born: 26 March 1982 Preceded by — TITULAR —
King of the Albanians
30 November 2011 – present
Reason for succession failure:
House of Zogu deposed 1939 Incumbent
Heir:
Skender Zogu
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https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2489332
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Princess Léa, Princess Alexandre of Belgium
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widow of Prince Alexander of Belgium
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/static/apple-touch/wikidata.png
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https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2489332
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widow of Prince Alexander of Belgium
Lea Wolman
Princess Léa
Princess Lea
Léa Inga Dora Wolman
Léa Wolman
edit
Language Label Description Also known as English
Princess Léa, Princess Alexandre of Belgium
widow of Prince Alexander of Belgium
Lea Wolman
Princess Léa
Princess Lea
Léa Inga Dora Wolman
Léa Wolman
Statements
Identifiers
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https://www.thecourtjeweller.com/category/in-memoriam/page/3
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in memoriam – Page 3
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2019-05-05T14:00:00-05:00
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en
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https://www.thecourtjeweller.com/category/in-memoriam/page/3
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Today marks the fiftieth anniversary of the death of one of the royal matriarchs of the twentieth-century: Princess Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg, who is better known to history as Queen Ena of Spain. Today, we’ve got a bejeweled look back on her fascinating royal life.
Baby Ena, photographed holding a toy in 1888 (Royal Collection/Wikimedia Commons)
Princess Victoria Eugenie Julia Ena of Battenberg, the daughter of Prince Henry of Battenberg and Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom, was born at Balmoral Castle in Scotland in October 1887. Her first three names honored her maternal grandmother, Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom; her godmother, the exiled Empress Eugenie of France; and her paternal grandmother, Princess Julia of Battenberg. She was generally known, however, by her fourth name, Ena.
Princess Beatrice with her children, Alexander, Ena, Leopold, and Maurice, ca. 1900 (Wikimedia Commons)
Ena, Princess Beatrice’s only daughter, had four brothers. Prince Alexander, the eldest, served in the British Army, Navy, and Air Force. When the family gave up their German titles during World War I, he took on the new title of Marquess of Carisbrooke. The second brother, Prince Leopold, also served in the British Army, but he sadly inherited hemophilia, the genetic disorder that wreaked havoc in Queen Victoria’s family tree. The youngest, Prince Maurice, was killed in the First Battle of Ypres while serving with the King’s Royal Rifle Corps in October 1914. All four of the children grew up close to their grandmother, Queen Victoria, especially after the death of their father, Prince Henry, in 1896.
Sixteen-year-old Ena, photographed by George Charles Beresford in 1904 (Grand Ladies Site)
Ena was only seventeen when she caught the eye of the man who would become her husband. King Alfonso XIII, the young monarch of Spain, made a state visit to the United Kingdom in June 1905. At a dinner party given by King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra, Alfonso — who was openly searching for a royal bride — was introduced to several young British princesses, including Ena. (Princesses Patricia and Margaret of Connaught and Princesses Helena Victoria and Marie Louise of Schleswig-Holstein were also invited.) Legend has it that his initial target was Ena’s cousin, Princess Patricia, but he was captivated by Ena. The pair were soon courting, even over the protests of his mother, Queen Maria Cristina, who wasn’t particularly impressed by the Battenberg princess’s paternal pedigree.
The bridal party of Princess Margaret of Connaught and Prince Gustaf Adolf of Sweden, June 1905 (Royal Collection/Wikimedia Commons)
In the midst of the budding royal relationship, Ena was also present for another royal wedding. In June 1905, a few days after meeting Alfonso, she served as one of the bridesmaids for her cousin, Princess Margaret of Connaught, who married the future King Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden at Windsor Castle. Ena is the bridesmaid standing on the left-hand side of this official portrait of the wedding party, taken by W.D. Downey.
Alfonso and Ena pose for a photograph at the studio of Gustav Mullins, one of Queen Victoria’s favorite photographers, on the Isle of Wight, April 1906 (Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)
Regardless of Maria Cristina’s objections, the courtship continued swiftly. Neither Ena’s religion (she was an Anglican, while the Spanish royals were and are Roman Catholic) nor the risks of joining the Spanish royal family (Alfonso had survived his fourth assassination attempt when his carriage was bombed in Paris just a few days before he and Ena met) slowed down the marriage negotiations. Ena turned eighteen in October, and by the end of the year, the papers were heavily speculating that she would soon become Queen of Spain.
Alfonso and Ena pose for an official engagement portrait, 1906 (Grand Ladies Site)
In January, Queen Maria Cristina finally relented and gave her approval to the match. Ena and her mother traveled to the south of France, where they spent time with Alfonso before heading to Spain to meet with his mother. By February, the engagement was officially announced. Ena converted to Catholicism, and a treaty was signed between Spain and the United Kingdom to make things official. Ahead of the wedding, King Edward VII even granted his niece the style of Royal Highness, upgrading her from the status of Highness.
An image of Ena wearing her wedding gown and jewels, 1906 (Grand Ladies Site)
As you might have expected, the wedding gifts offered to a future Queen of Spain were impressive indeed. Her wedding dress was a gift from her new husband; so was the grand diamond tiara she wore on her wedding day. (The diadem, made by Ansorena, is still known by the appropriate nickname La Buena, which simply means “the good one.”) Her lace veil was a gift from her mother-in-law; it was the same one Queen Maria Cristina had worn on her own wedding day. She was also presented with a treasure trove of tiaras, necklaces, brooches, and other jewels.
Portrait of Alfonso and Ena from the time of their wedding, 1906 (Grand Ladies Site)
The royal wedding, held in Madrid at the Church of San Jeronimo on May 31, 1906, went off without a hitch — until the royal carriage procession headed back to the palace afterward. The newlyweds were seated in a carriage at the end of the procession, which also included numerous royals from throughout Europe. (Those riding in the carriages included, notably, the future King George V and Queen Mary of the United Kingdom, the future King Albert I of Belgium, Grand Duke Vladimir of Russia, Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark, Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, and Prince Luis Filipe of Portugal.) As Alfonso and Ena’s carriage traveled along the Calle Mayor, an anarchist threw a bouquet at the carriage. The flowers concealed an explosive device, which detonated, killing more than twenty people and wounding 100 more. Alfonso and Ena’s escape from injury was so narrow that her wedding gown was splattered with blood.
Grand Ladies Site
But Ena summoned up all of her royal bearing and soldiered on, even after her horrific introduction to her new life. Portraits from this period show her in all her regal glory, jewels and all. In this portrait photograph, taken early in her tenure at Queen of Spain, Ena wears a diamond and pearl tiara given to her by Alfonso, as well as a diamond bow brooch. The brooch, which featured a pair of negligee pendants, was a wedding gift from a group of British citizens living abroad in Spain. The tiara was later remodeled, becoming her grand aquamarine tiara. (More over here!)
Ena, ca. 1910 (Grand Ladies Site)
Here, Queen Ena pairs La Buena with layered necklaces, several bracelets, and a fantastic gown from the House of Worth.
Grand Ladies Site
In this 1911 profile portrait by Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida, Ena sparkles in diamonds, including her grand diamond riviere, her large diamond earrings, and (I believe) the Ansorena tiara given to her as a wedding present by her mother-in-law. That tiara was later dismantled and remade by Cartier. (More on that Pearl and Diamond Tiara over here!)
Ena with her two eldest sons, Alfonso and Jaime, 1908 (Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)
Alfonso and Ena’s young family grew quickly. Their first child, Alfonso, was born in May 1907, less than a year after their wedding. Their happiness over the birth of an heir was dampened, however, when they discovered that he had inherited hemophilia, just like his uncle Maurice and several of his cousins. Although he had inherited the bleeding disorder, Alfonso lived into adulthood. He ultimately renounced his rights to the throne in 1933 so that he could marry a Cuban commoner, Edelmira Sampedro-Ocejo y Robato. (He died in a car accident five years later.) Ena’s second child, Infante Jaime, was born a year after his elder brother. He was not a hemophiliac, but he became deaf after an operation during his early childhood, and he too decided to renounce his rights to the throne when he turned 25. (In 1949, he retracted his renunciation, eventually becoming the head of the Carlists. In 1969, however, he renounced his rights once again, this time in favor of his nephew, Juan Carlos.)
Ena with Infanta Beatriz, 1909 (Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)
In 1909, Ena gave birth to her third child in three years: a daughter, Infanta Beatriz. She eventually married an Italian aristocrat, Alessandro Torlonia, Prince di Civitella-Cesi. Their descendants include Princess Sibilla of Luxembourg.
Ena and her children, Alfonso, Jaime, Beatriz, Maria Cristina, Juan, and Gonzalo, ca. 1918 (Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)
Four more children followed. Infante Fernando was stillborn in May 1910. A year and a half later, Infanta Maria Cristina, who named for her grandmother, was born. After renouncing her succession rights, she married an Italian aristocrat, Enrico Marone-Cinzano, 1st Count Marone, in 1940. Infante Juan, who later became Count of Barcelona, followed in June 1913. He married a cousin, Princess Maria Mercedes of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, in 1935, and had four children, including the future King Juan Carlos. Juan’s grandson, King Felipe VI, now sits on the Spanish throne. The youngest member of Ena’s family, Infante Gonzalo, was born in October 1914. Like his eldest brother, he was also a hemophiliac, and he died following a car accident in Austria at the age of nineteen.
Ena wears her diamond and turquoise set, a gift from her British royal relatives, in this portrait, taken ca. 1915 (Library of Congress Bain Collection/Grand Ladies Site)
Although they produced a large family, Alfonso and Ena’s marriage ultimately was troubled, in large part because he was not a faithful husband. He acknowledged a number of illegitimate children, the eldest of whom, Roger de Vilmorin, was born in September 1905. At least five more sons and daughters were born during his marriage to Ena.
Ena wears pearls and a diamond meander bandeau in this portrait, painted by Philip de Lazslo ca. 1920 (Wikimedia Commons)
Despite her marital issues, Ena gained a measure of popularity in Spain. She devoted herself to charitable work, especially nursing and hospital work. In the late 1920s, she became deeply involved with the Spanish Red Cross.
Wikimedia Commons
Images from this period also reinforce the majestic nature of her position. Here, in an iconic portrait, she pairs La Buena with diamonds, as well as the diamond and emerald necklace that featured stones inherited from her godmother, Empress Eugenie.
Wikimedia Commons
She wears the diamond and emerald necklace as a bandeau in this portrait, painted in 1924 by Bernhard Osterman. The emeralds were eventually sold. (More about them over here.)
Ena wears her grandmother’s diamond and ruby strawberry leaf tiara, ca. 1920s
She was also photographed in several other important tiaras, including Queen Victoria’s Strawberry Leaf Tiara (more here!), which was loaned to her by her mother, and the magnificent Mellerio Shell Tiara (more here!).
AFP/Getty Images
In 1931, the Spanish royal family was sent into exile following a referendum on the monarchy. Ena and Alfonso unofficially separated as well. He died in 1941. She eventually settled in Switzerland, though she remained a vital part of the royal family. She’s pictured here at the airport in Lisbon in 1935 with her son, the Count of Barcelona (on the right) and his bride, Maria Mercedes.
Ena lands in London, October 1959 (Douglas Miller/Keystone/Getty Images)
Ena also spent time with family in her native Britain. In October 1959, she flew from Geneva to London, where she visited her brother, the Marquess of Carisbrooke. He passed away a few months later.
Queen Ena and the Countess of Barcelona, resplendent in pearls in Portugal, May 1967 (Album/Alamy)
Ena’s life in exile lasted for almost four decades, and she was an active member of her family right up until the end. In May 1967, she traveled to Lisbon to attend the wedding of her granddaughter, Infanta Pilar, to Luis Gomez-Acebo y Duque de Estrada.
And, in a significant tie to the present Spanish monarchy, Ena returned briefly to Spain in 1968. She was there for a very important reason: her great-grandson, Infante Felipe, was being baptized. She served as godmother at the baptism, holding the baby over the font. Felipe is now King of Spain. (She was also godmother of the late Queen Fabiola of Belgium and of Prince Albert II of Monaco.)
Queen Ena, ca. 1915 (Grand Ladies Site)
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Who Was Queen Victoria's Uncle, King Leopold I of Belgium?
|
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"who is king leopold",
"who is king leopold of belgium",
"who is queen victoria's uncle",
"queen victoria uncle",
"queen victoria king leopold",
"victoria",
"queen victoria",
"king leopold I of belgium"
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[
"Lauren Hubbard"
] |
2019-02-18T02:05:49.298282-05:00
|
On the television show Victoria, Queen Victoria's uncle, King Leopold, plays an important role in the monarch's life. Here's the true story of the first king of Belgium.
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en
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/_assets/design-tokens/townandcountrymag/static/images/favicon.80ace0d.ico
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Town & Country
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https://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/tradition/a26328416/king-leopold-of-belgium-queen-victoria-uncle/
|
Queen Victoria's uncle Leopold returns to the palace in season three of Victoria. Here's what he was like in real life.
Who was King Leopold I?
Born in Coburg, Germany on December 16, 1790, Leopold was not an obvious candidate to one day become a king. The fourth son of the Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Leopold received a military education and even served as a page in the court of Napoleon, though he would go on to fight against the emperor as part of Tsar Alexander I's army when the French attempted to invade Russia. In 1815, after the end of the wars, Leopold settled in England, having been granted citizenship for his service.
Leopold's ties to England
Though England's King George III (better known, perhaps, as Mad King George) had fathered 15 legitimate children who, between them, provided him with 56 grandchildren, virtually none of these grandchildren were viable heirs to the throne due to the status of their legitimacy or religion (English law at the time prohibited Catholics, the spouses of Catholics, and their children from holding the throne.) Only the George III's eldest son, George IV, had any legally-recognized children who could serve as heir to the kingdom, and even he had just one—a daughter, named Charlotte. Princess Charlotte met and married Leopold in 1816, breaking off an engagement to the Prince of Orange to do so. Though the decision caused a minor scandal, Leopold was considered charming and quickly won over his royal in-laws.
Unfortunately, in 1817, just a year into their marriage, Princess Charlotte went into early labor with their first child, giving birth to a stillborn son and passing away from complications of childbirth soon after. Her death left Leopold heartbroken and England without an heir-presumptive.
Panicked at the possibility of the Hanover line losing the throne now that there was no direct heir, George IV, acting as regent for his father, and Parliament offered George III's sons a monetary incentive to produce a legitimate heir. As the princes (George IV included) were famous for racking up debts against their names, it was no great surprise when the king's fourth son, Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, quickly married Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld and shortly thereafter conceived a child who would one day go on to rule England, a little girl, named Victoria.
Leopold and Princess Charlotte
Leopold I, King of the Belgians
Leopold continued to live in England for the next 14 years, until an accord between Great Britain, France, Russia, Prussia, and Austria officially established Belgium as a independent kingdom in 1830. After some debate, Leopold was offered the crown in 1831, and though he had been offered and refused the throne of the newly independent Greece just a year earlier, Leopold accepted, becoming the first king of Belgium.
On the throne, Leopold would become known as a great political mediator, establishing a stance of foreign neutrality and earning himself the nickname "Nestor of Europe," after the character in Homer's The Iliad. In 1832, he married Marie-Louise of Orléans, the daughter of King Louis Philippe I of France, and with her had four children.
How is he related to Queen Victoria?
Though Leopold was married to Victoria's first cousin, Princess Charlotte, that's not how the two monarchs share a bloodline.
Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, who would go on to become the wife of King George III's son, Prince Edward, and the mother of Queen Victoria had another notable royal connection—she was the older sister to King Leopold I. It's through her that Leopold became the uncle of Britain's future monarch when little Victoria was born in 1819
Though he was busy ruling his own country, Leopold paid special attention to his royal niece and shared letters with her regularly, both before and after her ascent to the throne. A firm believer in the use of marriage ties to bind political allies, Leopold also brokered a number of marriages, most notably that between Victoria and his nephew, Prince Albert.
Was he really Prince Albert's father?
In Victoria's second season it was revealed that King Leopold might, in fact, have been Prince Albert's biological father—the product of a hidden liaison between Leopold and his sister-in-law; Albert's mother, Princess Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg. The reality is somewhat murkier.
Albert's paternity has been a source of historical debate for some time, due in part to his close resemblance to his mother, both physically and in temperament. That Louise's marriage to Albert's father, Ernst I, was unhappy was no secret—Ernst was known to have numerous lovers and reportedly fathered at least three illegitimate children, along with his legally-recognized sons Ernst II and Albert. The couple separated when Albert was 5 and divorced two years later—it's unclear if the Princess was ever allowed to see either of her children again.
Adding credence to the possibility of Albert not being Ernst's biological son is the fact that Louise herself took a lover, Alexander von Hanstein, at some point in the latter part of her marriage or soon after the divorce. However, many historians believe that the romance did not begin until after Louise's sons were born, tacitly eliminating him as a possibility for Albert's parentage (though she did go on to marry him in secret the year of her divorce.)
As for Leopold, the primary source of speculation toward him being Albert's father comes from a 1972 biography by David Duff. In it, Duff points out the fact that Leopold reportedly got along well with his sister-in-law, and that he paid a visit to the royal home in Coburg where his brother and Louise lived around the time that Albert would have been conceived. Leopold also remained close to Albert and his brother Ernst II as they were growing up and was both deeply loved and trusted by Albert, which some have argued suggests a more paternal interest.
It's a tenuous connection at best, but one that, like many historical theories, cannot be entirely ruled out.
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Sieh dir auf Facebook Beiträge, Fotos und vieles mehr an.
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https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/yb/r/hLRJ1GG_y0J.ico
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https://themedialine.org/by-region/mazal-tov-mabruk-largest-jewish-wedding-in-uae-cements-ties-on-abraham-accords-anniversary/
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en
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Mazal Tov! Mabruk! Largest Jewish Wedding in UAE Cements Ties on Abraham Accords Anniversary
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[
"Sara Miller"
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2022-09-15T17:22:59+00:00
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A lavish wedding in the heart of the […]
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en
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The Media Line
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https://themedialine.org/by-region/mazal-tov-mabruk-largest-jewish-wedding-in-uae-cements-ties-on-abraham-accords-anniversary/
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Guests tell The Media Line of an ‘incredible’ experience as UAE Chief Chabad Rabbi Levi Duchman weds Lea Hadad in Abu Dhabi, witnessed by 1,500 quests ‘from all religions’
A lavish wedding in the heart of the Persian Gulf with members of the Emirati royal family in attendance would normally generate little more than passing interest, but when the groom and his bride are ultra-Orthodox Jews and the 1,500-strong guest list is also packed with chief rabbis, it is truly worthy of attention.
Guests sporting yarmulkes and ghutras stood shoulder to shoulder as UAE Chief Chabad Rabbi Levi Duchman, 29, married Lea Hadad, 27, at the Hilton Hotel on Yas Island, Abu Dhabi on Wednesday evening, in the largest Jewish wedding ever to be held in the Emirates. The union came as Israel and the UAE were celebrating the second anniversary of the signing of the landmark Abraham Accords that normalized ties between them.
Guests celebrate at the wedding of UAE Chief Chabad Rabbi Levi Duchman and Lea Hadad at the Hilton Yas Island on Sept. 14, 2022 in Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates.
“What’s unique and special is that our wedding has brought together many people who have never been to a part of the Arab world. To have them here at the wedding is not only about the event but is an important symbol in the journey of supporting the growth of the Jewish community. It’s something that hasn’t happened before, so there has been no precedent for this,” the groom said, according to the Khaleej Times.
Chief rabbis from Russia, Iran, Turkey, and Singapore were in attendance for the celebration, as was their counterpart from Belgium Menahem Hadad – who also happens to be the father of the bride.
“It was the most phenomenal event I’ve ever attended, including my daughter’s wedding and my son’s wedding,” guest Alan Kay, a London-born director of a real estate company who has lived in Abu Dhabi for more than a decade, told The Media Line.
“It was just amazing. Fifteen hundred people at least and an amazing atmosphere. Very emotional, very moving, I nearly welled up a few times. The music, the prayers, the whole thing, the whole atmosphere, and at the same time very relaxed. It was formal but not formal,” he said.
“The highlight was when they broke the glass,” Kay said, referring to a tradition at the close of a Jewish wedding ceremony when a glass is smashed to signify the destruction of the temples.
“The other highlight was the chief rabbi of Morocco narrating the wedding in English, and he had a voice that kind of came from God, a very deep solid voice. It was very emotional listening to him,” he said.
“It was incredible,” fellow guest Avital Shneller, a business development manager for an Emirati travel company, told The Media Line.
“Seeing all the leaders from all religions gathering together in Abu Dhabi after everything that Rabbi Levi did for the Jewish people in the UAE was the highlight,” she said.
Shneller also singled out the explanation of the ceremony by the Moroccan chief rabbi as one of the memorable events of the night, as well as a blessing delivered in Arabic under the chuppah (wedding canopy) by Emirati businessman Mohamad Alabbar.
Emirati businessman Mohamed Alabbar recites blessing in Arabic under the chuppah at the wedding of UAE Chief Chabad Rabbi Levi Duchman and Lea Hadad at the Hilton Yas Island on Sept. 14, 2022 in Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates. (Courtesy)
Born in Brooklyn, Rabbi Duchman has been living in the UAE for the past eight years, building strong Jewish communities in Abu Dhabi and Dubai. His wife is no stranger to her new role, as the daughter and granddaughter of Chabad rabbis.
“To see a young couple getting married in true Jewish tradition in the UAE is truly amazing,” Feige Duchman, the mother of the groom, told UAE newspaper The National.
“They are starting a new life, so it is a celebration for them to build their family and to continue to build the Jewish community in Abu Dhabi,” she said. “Abu Dhabi is Levi’s place now; it is where he is growing the community. We always hoped he would get married here, but we did not ever think it would be possible until quite recently. It is an amazing celebration.”
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Funeral of Queen Fabiola
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2014-12-12T00:00:00
|
The Belgian Royal Family gathered today in the Cathedral Saints Michel et Gudule to bid farewell to Queen Fabiola. For this funeral, Queen Mathilde wore a new black fabric-covered headpiece that circled her head. Queen Paola wore a delicate veil in black Brussels lace. Princess Astrid wore a headband trimmed with a stacked, double silk bow topped with a swath…
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https://royalhats.net/2014/12/12/funeral-of-queen-fabiola/
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https://www.theroyalforums.com/threads/princess-lea-and-the-late-prince-alexandre-of-belgium.1427/
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en
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Princess Lea and the Late Prince Alexandre of Belgium
|
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2003-12-07T13:35:20-05:00
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Prince Alexandre, Princess Lea, and Princess Marie-Esmeralda at the wedding of Prince Laurent.
www.ibl.se
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/data/assets/logo/icon_192_royalforums.png
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The Royal Forums
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https://www.theroyalforums.com/threads/princess-lea-and-the-late-prince-alexandre-of-belgium.1427/
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mybags
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Prince Alexandre, Princess Lea, and Princess Marie-Esmeralda at the wedding of Prince Laurent.
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Princess Lea of Belgium (right) and Princess Marie-Gabrielle of Savoy at the opening night of the Princess de Rethy exhibit in Brussels.
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Princess Lea of Belgium
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Queen Paola, King Albert II, Princess Marie-Esmeralda, Prince Alexandre, and Princess Lea
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Prince Alexandre and Princess Marie-Esmeralda
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Martine
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is the one of the women in the 2nd pic Lea? it doesn't look like her
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The caption for the pic said that it was. I have my doubts as well.
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This red hat is a little big. It's not that sunny in Belgium.
Hans
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Messages
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Originally posted by Dennism@Dec 8th, 2003 - 12:36 am
This red hat is a little big. It's not that sunny in Belgium.
The red dress is a dress wich originally belongs to HRH Princess Lilian, HRH Princess Maria-Esmeralda wore it as a tribute to her later mother. B)
Martine
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i liked esmeralda's red outfit at laurent&claire's wedding , i think she looked very good in it , i think she herited her mother's class and style..........
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These photos are from seegerpress. They are from the funeral of Princess Liliane in June 2002.
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I think that Alexandre sort of resembles Prince Laurent a bit. If you take away the glasses anyway.
How come Alexandre, Marie-Christine and Esmeralda are not, nor ever have been members of the royal house? After all, they are the children of a (former) king. Are they even in line to the throne?
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I'm not sure why they aren't members of the Royal House. I do know that Leopold and Liliane both agreed that their children would not have a place in the line of succession.
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thanks for the info mybags! I really do wonder why that is though. I have never really understood alot of things that concerned Princess Lilian and her children. Do you think that maybe it had something to do with the fact that the people of Belgium did not like the idea of the King remarrying?
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Probably, it may also have something to do with the fact that it was a morganatic marriage and it was kept secret from the public until later.
Cathérine Bergeyck
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Leopold and Lilian married without consent of the government, during the war.
It was one of the reasons why Leopold III had to abdicate, and so it was decided that the children from Lepold 's second mariage, would be princes of Belgium, but without rights to the throne. Very much against the will of Lilian, who wanted to be queen herself, and later on tried to marry her children off with other princes...
Lilian was a very difficult woman, when Alexandre married Lea Wolman, a very nice and discreet woman, he waited seven (7) years to inform his mother, out of fear for her reaction!!
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thanks for the info Cathérine Bergeyck! I had always figured that Lilian probably was a bit difficult and had grand plans for both herself and her children.
Cathérine Bergeyck said:
Lilian was a very difficult woman, when Alexandre married Lea Wolman, a very nice and discreet woman, he waited seven (7) years to inform his mother, out of fear for her reaction!!
Wow! I didn't know that. I wonder what kind of reaction that one got, especially seven years after the fact!
Cathérine Bergeyck
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prince Alexandre and his lovely wife, Lea Wolman.
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lilydale
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Messages
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Cathérine Bergeyck said:
It was one of the reasons why Leopold III had to abdicate, and so it was decided that the children from Lepold 's second mariage, would be princes of Belgium, but without rights to the throne. Very much against the will of Lilian, who wanted to be queen herself, and later on tried to marry her children off with other princes...
Lilian was a very difficult woman, when Alexandre married Lea Wolman, a very nice and discreet woman, he waited seven (7) years to inform his mother, out of fear for her reaction!!
Wow, she was a tough woman to have for a mother!
Did Lilian not like Fabiola? Is that why her relationship with Baudoin became strained?
Cathérine Bergeyck
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Lilian and Fabiola coudn't stand each other. Apart from them both having strong characters, Baudouin's marriage to Fabiola also ment that he started a life of his own and Leopold & Lilian could no longer influence his political decisions.
lilydale
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I sure am glad Baudoin found Fabiola, and got true happiness with her. And what a good influence she was on him.
Sorry to pepper you with questions, Cathérine, but was anyone in the family close to Lilian or was she just that difficult to get along with?
Cathérine Bergeyck
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I think the only one she always got along with was Esmeralda.
Lilian was a very bright woman, very beautifull, classy, elegant & cultivated; but over ambitous. She certainly didn't know the meaning of the word modesty. She had the beauty and grace of a queen, and loved to parade herself around, but serving her country was not in her book.
lilydale
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Thanks very much. What a pity that with all her attributes, duty to Belgium wasn't one of them.
Cathérine Bergeyck
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at a charity event. Lea Wolman is often at charity events of the Belgian aritocracy.
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Cathérine Bergeyck
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Lea Wolman was also present at the beatification in Rome. She's in the center of this picture:
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Cathérine Bergeyck
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Alexander and Lea at the castle of Corroy with the marquis de Trazegnies, in 1997.
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Cathérine Bergeyck
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Lea Wolman with the king and queen of Romania , and archduke Lorenz at a charity event
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Cathérine Bergeyck
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Prince Alexandre wrote a book (it's more of a photobook actually) on his home, the castle of Argenteuil. He presented it, together with his wife Lea and her two children, Renaud Bichara and Laetitia Spetscinsky.
25/11/2004
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In pictures: Mass held to commemorate the 25th anniversary of King Baudouin's death
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2018-09-08T17:49:17+00:00
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This morning the royal families of Belgium, Luxembourg and Liechtenstein got together to attend a mass commemorating the 25th anniversary of the death of King Baudouin of the Belgians. Even though many royals were present,...
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Royal Central
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https://royalcentral.co.uk/europe/luxembourg/in-pictures-mass-held-to-commemorate-the-25th-anniversary-of-king-baudouins-death-108254/
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This morning the royal families of Belgium, Luxembourg and Liechtenstein got together to attend a mass commemorating the 25th anniversary of the death of King Baudouin of the Belgians. Even though many royals were present, some important family members notably absent.
This morning, a special mass was organised to commemorate King Baudouin of the Belgians. The fifth King of Belgium died unexpectedly 25 years ago while on holiday in Spain. Therefore, a mass was held at the Church of Our Lady in Laeken in Brussels. It was Cardinal De Kesel who presided over the ceremony.
In attendance were most of the members of the Belgian Royal Family and members of the Grand Ducal Family of Luxembourg and the Princely Family of Liechtenstein.
Princess Léa of Belgium, the widow of Prince Alexander who was a half-brother of King Baudouin, arrived very early at the church. She said she had “very warm memories” of King Baudouin.
Princess Margaretha and Prince Nikolaus of Liechtenstein arrived first with their three children Maria-Anunciata, Marie-Astrid and Josef-Emmanuel. Princess Margaretha is the daughter of Grand Duchess Joséphine-Charlotte of Luxembourg, the sister of King Baudouin. They were followed by Prince Guillaume and Princess Sibilla of Luxembourg and three of their four children Prince Paul-Louis, Prince Léopold and Princess Charlotte. Prince Guillaume is also a child of Grand Duchess Joséphine-Charlotte and Grand Duke Jean and thus a cousin to King Baudouin.
They were followed by the Belgian Royal Family. King Philippe and Queen Mathilde arrived first and were followed closely by Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg and his son, Prince Louis. The children of the King and Queen, Prince Gabriël, Prince Emmanuel and Princess Eléonore followed next. The oldest daughter of King Philippe and Queen Mathilde, Princess Elisabeth was absent as she started school in Wales a few weeks ago.
Unexpectedly was the absence of Grand Duchess Maria Teresa. A source close to the palace confirmed to Royal Central’s Europe Correspondent, Laura Dekkers that the decision of the Grand Duchess not to come was made yesterday. They also confirmed that the Grand Duke and his son arrived early this morning in Belgium and will be leaving in the afternoon.
Then, Princess Astrid of Belgium, the sister of King Philippe, arrived with her husband, Prince Lorenz and three of her children and her daughter-in-law. She was followed by King Philippe’s brother, Prince Laurent.
A few minutes past eleven, all the guests had arrived and the service could finally start. Cardinal De Kesel talked about King Baudouin as he said: “He is an example, not only to you sir, you who is his successor and in the exercise of your service, but for all of us. No matter which life, state, or responsibilities we have. Our example to be right-minded people.”
The service lasted about 1 hour and 30 minutes. Following the service, the Royal Family and the other guests gathered at the Royal Crypt where all the former Kings and Queens of the Belgians who have passed away are buried. The King and Queen laid a wreath at the grave of King Baudouin and Queen Fabiola.
After the mass, the members of the royal families took the time to have a chat with the public who had gathered to show their support for the Royal Family.
Europe Correspondent, Laura Dekkers was able to ask a few questions to members of the Belgian Royal Family. She asked Queen Mathilde how her daughter was doing at school in Wales. Her Majesty said: “Good, good. She’s doing well. It’s different without her at home.”
Princess Astrid and her family were very talkative as they left the church and ended up being the last ones to leave. Princess Astrid said about her uncle, King Baudouin: “He was more than a father to me. I loved him very much. He was the father of our entire family. He protected us.”
Our Europe Correspondent Laura Dekkers asked the Princess: “How is your granddaughter doing?” Princess Astrid talked about her two-year-old granddaughter, Anna Astrid: “She’s doing very well. She’s here in Brussels now. She’s around this big and she’s a funny little character. She knows what she wants and says when she doesn’t like it (laughs).”
Also, proud father Prince Amedeo (son of Princess Astrid) and Princess Elisabetta talked about their daughter, Anna Astrid when asked about her. They said: “She’s doing very well. We try to come to Brussels often to see Grandma, and Grandma (Princess Astrid) also travels from time to time to our home in Bazel (Switzerland).”
Princess Astrid’s other children, Princess Maria Laura and Princess Luisa Maria, also talked to the public and posed for photos. Princess Astrid’s husband, Prince Lorenz acted as flower-carrier for his wife.
Prince Laurent was not available for a conversation. He only shook some hands of the public and then headed out as soon as he could. Meanwhile, Grand Duke Henri and Prince Louis were in conversation with the ex-wife of Prince Jean of Luxembourg (Henri’s brother), Hélène.
The two heads of state were also seen talking: Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg and his cousin, King Philippe.
Noticeably absent were King Albert and Queen Paola of the Belgians. The brother and sister-in-law of King Baudouin did not give a reason for their absence at the commemorative service. It is believed the couple is still on holiday abroad.
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https://www.royal-house.nl/members-royal-house/king-willem-alexander
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King Willem-Alexander
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On 30 April 2013, King Willem-Alexander succeeded his mother as monarch. The King is married to Queen Máxima.
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https://www.royal-house.nl/members-royal-house/king-willem-alexander
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The Emir of Qatar, His Highness Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, will pay an official visit to the Netherlands on Monday 24 June. ...
His Majesty King Willem-Alexander and Her Majesty Queen Máxima are to travel to the United States for a working visit to the ...
At the invitation of His Majesty King Willem-Alexander, His Majesty King Felipe VI of Spain will pay a state visit to the ...
The state visit to the Socialist Republic of Vietnam planned for 19 to 22 March 2024 will not go ahead.
The Vietnamese authorities have requested that the state visit of His Majesty the King and Her Majesty Queen Máxima to the ...
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https://europeanroyalhistory.wordpress.com/tag/king-albert-ii-of-belgium/
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King Albert II of Belgium
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Posts about King Albert II of Belgium written by liamfoley63
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European Royal History
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https://europeanroyalhistory.wordpress.com/tag/king-albert-ii-of-belgium/
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Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant (Dutch: Elisabeth Theresia Maria Helena; French: Élisabeth Thérèse Marie Hélène; born October 25, 2001) is the heir apparent to the Belgian throne. The eldest child of King Philippe and Queen Mathilde, she acquired her position after her grandfather King Albert II abdicated in favour of her father on July 21, 2013.
The first child of the then Duke and Duchess of Brabant, Elisabeth was delivered by Caesarean section at 21:58 CET on October 25, 2001 at the Erasmus Hospital, the teaching hospital of Université libre de Bruxelles in Anderlecht, Brussels.
She was baptized on December 9, 2001 in the chapel of Ciergnon Castle in the Belgian Ardennes, by Cardinal Godfried Danneels, the Archbishop of Mechelen-Brussels. Her godparents are Archduke Amedeo of Austria-Este (paternal cousin), and Countess Hélène d’Udekem d’Acoz (maternal aunt).
Education
Elisabeth studied at St John Berchmans College in the Marollen district of Brussels, which had been attended by her older cousins, the children of her paternal aunt, Princess Astrid of Belgium. This is a significant change in the habits of the royal family, as it is the first time that a future Belgian monarch’s education has begun in Dutch.
In 2018, she continued her secondary education at UWC Atlantic College in Wales and received her International Baccalaureate Diploma in 2020. She also attended the Yale Young Global Scholars Program at Yale University.
After her secondary school graduation in 2020, she spent a year at the Royal Military Academy Belgium in Brussels, studying Social and Military Sciences. She began studying history and politics at Lincoln College, University of Oxford in October 2021, while remain attending Royal Military Academy Belgium’s annual summer camps and other practical and theoretical military classes.
Elisabeth speaks Dutch, French, German and English. She also took classes in Mandarin Chinese.
Position
Ten years prior to Elisabeth’s birth, a new act of succession was put into effect which introduced absolute primogeniture, meaning that she comes first in the line of succession because she is the eldest child.
On July 21, 2013, once Elisabeth’s father had taken the oath of office as King of the Belgians (his father, King Albert II, having abdicated shortly before), she became heir apparent to the throne and as such bears the title of Duchess of Brabant. If she ascends to the throne as expected, she will be Belgium’s first female monarch.
Leopold III (November 3, 1901 – September 25, 1983) was King of the Belgians from 1934 until 1951, when he abdicated in favour of the heir apparent, his son
Prince Leopold was born in Brussels, the first child of King Albert I of the Belgians and his consort, Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria.* In 1909 his father became King of the Belgians, as Albert I, and Prince Leopold became Duke of Brabant, the title of the heir to the Belgian throne.
Astrid (far right) with her mother and sisters
Prince Leopold married Princess Astrid of Sweden in a civil ceremony in Stockholm on November 4, 1926, followed by a religious ceremony in Brussels on November 10. Princess Astrid was the third child and youngest daughter of Prince Carl, Duke of Västergötland, and his wife, Princess Ingeborg of Denmark.
Her father was the third son of Oscar II, King of Sweden and Norway, by his wife, Sophia of Nassau. Her mother was a daughter of King Frederick VIII of Denmark by his wife, Louise of Sweden. Astrid’s father was a younger brother of King Gustav V of Sweden, and her mother was the younger sister of kings Christian X of Denmark and Haakon VII of Norway. The marriage produced three children:
1. Princess Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium, (October 11, 1927 – January 10, 2005) Grand Duchess consort of Luxembourg, through married on to Prince Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg.
2. King Baudouin of Belgium, Duke of Brabant, Count of Hainaut, (September 7, 1930 – July 31, 1993).
3. King Albert II of Belgium, Prince of Liège, (June 6, 1934 -) He abdicated in July 2013.
On August 29, 1935, while the king and queen were driving along the winding, narrow roads near their villa at Küssnacht am Rigi, Schwyz, Switzerland, on the shores of Lake Lucerne, Leopold lost control of the car which plunged into the lake, killing Queen Astrid.
Leopold married Lilian Baels on September 11, 1941 in a secret, religious ceremony, with no validity under Belgian law. The new Princess of Réthy was soon expecting their first child, the ceremony took place on December 6, 1941. They had three children in total:
1. Prince Alexandre of Belgium, (July 18, 1942 – November 29, 2009) married Léa Wolman.
2. Princess Marie-Christine of Belgium, (February 6, 1951 -) Her first marriage, to Paul Drucker in 1981, lasted 40 days (and formally divorced in 1985); she subsequently married Jean-Paul Gourges in 1989.
3. Princess Marie-Esméralda of Belgium, (September 30, 1956 – ) a journalist, her professional name is Esmeralda de Réthy. She married pharmacologist Salvador Moncada in 1998. They have a son and a daughter.
The Duke of Brabant succeeded to the throne of Belgium on February 23, 1934, as King Leopold III following the death of his father King Albert I.
The controversial reign of Leopold III would need several blog entries to detail this complex topic and which I will do in the future. Therefore today, I will simply summarize the information.
King Leopold III during World War II
Leopold’s controversial actions during the Second World War resulted in a political crisis known as the Royal Question. The Royal Question was a major political crisis in Belgium that lasted from 1945 to 1951, coming to a head between March and August 1950. During Leopold’s exile from 1944 until 1950, Leopold’s brother, Charles, served as prince regent while Leopold was declared unable to reign.
The “question” at stake surrounded whether King Leopold III could return to the country and resume his royal duties as King of the Belgians amid allegations that his actions during World War II had gone contrary to the provisions of the Belgian Constitution. In 1950, following a referendum, Leopold was allowed to return from exile to Belgium, but the continuing political instability pressured him to abdicate on July 16, 1951 in favor of his eldest son Baudouin.
In retirement, he followed his passion as an amateur social anthropologist and entomologist and travelled the world, collecting zoological specimens. Two species of reptiles are named after him, Gehyra leopoldi and Polemon leopoldi. He went to Senegal and strongly criticized the French decolonization process, and he explored the Orinoco and the Amazon with Heinrich Harrer.
Leopold died in 1983 in Woluwe-Saint-Lambert aged 81, following emergency heart surgery. He was interred next to Queen Astrid in the royal vault at the Church of Our Lady of Laeken. Leopold’s second wife, the Princess de Réthy, was later interred with them.
Notable royal descendants
As of 2020 two of Leopold’s grandsons are reigning monarchs: Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg since 2000, and King Philippe of Belgium since 2013.
* Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria was the daughter of Karl-Theodor, Duke in Bavaria, head of a cadet branch of the Bavarian Royal Family and an ophthalmologist. She was named after her father’s sister, Empress Elisabeth of Austria, better known as Sisi, wife of Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria-Hungry. Her mother was Maria Josepha of Portugal, daughter of exiled Miguel I of Portugal and his wife Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg.
As we’ve seen, the overwhelming vast majority of monarchs that were both deposed or abdicated kept their royal titles. An exception being the three monarchs of the Netherlands (all queens) whom assumed the title of Princess upon their abdications. However, when both King Juan Carlos of Spain and Albert II of the Belgians recently abdicated they retained their titles. When Pope Benedict XVI resigned his position as Pope, the Vatican bestowed on him the title pope emeritus shortly after his resignation.
HRH The Duke of Windsor
Now let us examine why Edward VIII of the United Kingdom was not allowed to retain his royal title.
Duke of Windsor
On December 12, 1936, at the accession meeting of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom, George VI announced he was to make his brother the “Duke of Windsor” with the style of Royal Highness. He wanted this to be the first act of his reign, although the formal documents were not signed until March 8, 1937 that following year. During the interim, Edward was universally known as the Duke of Windsor. George VI’s decision to create Edward a royal duke ensured that he could neither stand for election to the House of Commons nor speak on political subjects in the House of Lords.
HRH The Duke of Windsor
Letters Patent dated May 27, 1937 re-conferred the “title, style, or attribute of Royal Highness” upon the Duke of Windsor, but specifically stated that “his wife and descendants, if any, shall not hold said title or attribute”. Some British ministers advised that the reconfirmation was unnecessary since Edward had retained the style automatically, and further that Simpson would automatically obtain the rank of wife of a prince with the style Her Royal Highness; others maintained that he had lost all royal rank and should no longer carry any royal title or style as an abdicated king, and be referred to simply as “Mr Edward Windsor”. Personally, I am not aware of the precedent for lowering Edward VIII’s titles to either a Royal Highness or simply as “Mr Edward Windsor”.
On April 14, 1937, Attorney General Sir Donald Somervell submitted to Home Secretary Sir John Simona memorandum summarising the views of Lord Advocate T. M. Cooper, Parliamentary Counsel Sir Granville Ram, and himself:
1. We incline to the view that on his abdication the Duke of Windsor could not have claimed the right to be described as a Royal Highness. In other words, no reasonable objection could have been taken if the King had decided that his exclusion from the lineal succession excluded him from the right to this title as conferred by the existing Letters Patent.
2. The question however has to be considered on the basis of the fact that, for reasons which are readily understandable, he with the express approval of His Majesty enjoys this title and has been referred to as a Royal Highness on a formal occasion and in formal documents. In the light of precedent it seems clear that the wife of a Royal Highness enjoys the same title unless some appropriate express step can be and is taken to deprive her of it.
3. We came to the conclusion that the wife could not claim this right on any legal basis. The right to use this style or title, in our view, is within the prerogative of His Majesty and he has the power to regulate it by Letters Patent generally or in particular circumstance.
Wallis Simpson, Duchess of Windsor
As we’ve seen retaining the royal title is the established precedent. Also, if he retained the title of King that also would have ensured that he could neither stand for election to the House of Commons nor speak on political subjects in the House of Lords. There was a great prejudice toward Edward’s spouse, Wallis Simpson, and the denial of both the kingly and royal styles and titles were an attempt to deny them to her. It is my opinion that is the main reason Edward VIII did not retain his kingly status.
This is the last of the three part series on King Christian IX of Denmark. In this section I will examine his reign and the vast family connections that lead to the sobriquet “the Father-in-law-of-Europe.”
Immediately after he succeeded to the throne the question of the Schleswig-Holsein duchies came to a head. The issue lead to a short war with Prussia resulting in a loss of the duchies from Denmark. I will not relate the long complex history of the war here for in many ways it is more for the story on the unification of Germany than that of the reign of King Christian IX. The initial defeat tainted the early days of Christian’s reign and for a while made him unpopular. Increasing his unpopularity was his support of the authoritarian Prime Minister Estrup who ruled Denmark as a virtual dictator between 1875 and 1894. This occurred in an era when Parliamentary democracies were on the rise throughout Europe. His first step toward constitutionalism was when in 1874 he granted Iceland, a Danish possession at the time, its own constitution. It wasn’t however, given its independence.
It wasn’t until 1901 when the king began allowing these types of transformations in Denmark. He begrudgingly asked Johan Henrik Deuntzer to form a government which resulted in the creation of the Cabinet of Deuntzer that included members of the Venstre Reform Party and was the first Danish government not to include the conservative party. This began the tradition of a Parliamentary style government and from then on until his death a few years later the poularity of Christian IX grew. Højre, even though Højre never had a majority of the seats in the Folketing. This was the beginning of the Danish tradition of parliamentarian democracy and this improved his reputation for his last years.
Similarly to Queen Victoria, the Children and grand-children of King Christian IX and Queen Louise linked the Danish Royal Family to many other royal families of Europe. Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, King Albert II of Belgium, King Harald V of Norway, Queen Margrethe II of Denmark and Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg. The consorts Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, and Queen Sofía of Spain are also agnatic descendants of Christian IX, as is Constantine II of Greece (the former and last King of the Hellenes).
The eldest son, future King Frederik VIII of Denmark, was married to Princess Louise of Sweden & Norway the daughter of King Carl XV of Sweden & Norway and his wife Princess Louise of the Netherlands. They had eight children and the first two became kings in their own right. The eldest, Prince Christian, became King Christian X of Denmark in 1912 and the second son, Prince Carl was elected to the throne of Norway when that country won its independence from Sweden in 1905. Prince Carl of Denmark married his paternal first cousin, Princess Maud of Wales, and upon accepting the throne of Norway he changed his name to Haakon and became King Haakon VII of Norway. Haakon & Maud are the grandparents of Norway’s current king, Harald V.
Christian IX’s eldest daughter, the lovely Princess Alexandra, married Prince Albert Edward, the Prince of Wales on 10 March 1863 married at St. George’s Chapel, Windsor Castle. With Queen Victoria still in official mourning for the Prince Consort the wedding was more like a funeral than a wedding. They had six children. The eldest son, Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence, died from pneumonia in 1892. The second eldest son became King George V of the United Kingdom and is the grandfather of the present queen, Elizabeth II. Their daughter Maud, married, as we have seen, her cousin, King Haakon VII of Norway.
The next son, Prince Wilhelm of Denmark, entered the Danish Navy at the age of 17 and soon found himself elected to the throne of Greece. The unpopular King Otto of Greece was deposed in 1862 but Greece wanted to remain a monarchy. One of the first choices was Prince Alfred, the Duke of Edinburgh, second son of Britain’s queen Victoria, but this offer was declined. The choice then fell to Prince Wilhelm of Denmark who ascended the Greek throne as King George I of the Hellenes. Christian IX’s son became a king a few months before Christian himself inherited the Danish throne! King George I married Grand Duchess Olga Constantinovna of Russia, the daughter of Grand Duke f Grand Duke Constantine Nikolaievich and his wife Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg. George and Olga were the paternal grandparents of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, consort to Britain’s Queen Elizabeth II.
The next child was Princess Dagmar. Initially she was betrothed Czarevich Nicolas Alexandrovich of Russia eldest son of Czar Alexander II of Russia. He did before the wedding and upon Nicholas’ wishes she married his younger brother in 1866 who became Czar Alexander III of Russia in 1881. She converted to the Russian Orthodox faith and was renamed Maria Feodorovna. They were also the parents of the ill-fatted and tragic Czar Nicholas II of Russia. At the start of the Russian Revolution she was able to leave Russia and return to Denmark where she died there in 1828. On September, 28 2006 the remains of Empress Maria Feodorovna were returned to Russia and after a service at Saint Isaac’s Cathedral, she was interred next to her husband Alexander III in the Peter and Paul Cathedral, 140 years after her first arrival to Russia.
The last two children of Christian IX and Louise, Thyra and Waldemar, did not make as notable of marriages as their older siblings. Thyra married, Ernst August II, Duke of Cumberland, Prince of Hanover and the United Kingdom of Great Britain. Ernst August was heir to the defunct throne of Hanover which lost its throne in the war against Prussia during the time of German Unification. Thyra’s and Ernst’s son, Ernst August III, married Victoria-Louise of Prussia, the only daughter of German Emperor Wilhelm II, as a means of mending fences. Their descendents did marry into both the Greek and Spanish thrones. Waldemar married Princess Marie d’Orleans in 1885. Princess Marie d’Orleans was the daughter of Prince Philippe VII, Comte d’Paris, pretender to the French throne.
King Christian IX died on February 15, 1906 at the age of 87 and after a reign of 43 years. An interesting King who lived through very interesting times and whose descendants still occupy the thrones of Europe.
The King was born on June 6, 1934 the second son of King Leopold III (1901–1983) of Belgium and his first wife Princess Astrid of Sweden (1905–1935). Albert was not expected to be king. His elder brother, King Baudouin (1930-1993), succeeded his father upon his abdication in 1951. King Baudouin was married to Fabiola de Mora y Aragón and although the union was a happy one, they did not have any children. Even then Albert was not expected to be king. It was understood that Albert’s son, the Prince Philippe, Duke of Brabant, would eventually succeed his uncle the king. I was surprised, and read that many Belgians were also surprised, when Albert assumed the kingship upon his brothers death in 1993. The king is first cousin to the reigning King Harald V of Norway and the uncle of the reigning Grand Duke Henri of Luxemburg.
He was born in Stuyvenberg Castle, Brussels. In 1940 when Belgium was occupied by Germany, Prince Albert, his elder sister Princess Joséphine-Charlotte and his brother Prince Baudouin, left the country where they spent time first in France and then later Spain. When they returned to Belgium later that year the young Belgian royals continued their studies at school until they were deported byu the Germans in 1944. Liberated by the American troops in 1945. But because of political unrest in Belgium, which would even tally lead to his father’s abdication, King Leopold and his family moved to the villa “Le Reposoir” in Pregny, Switzerland, and then they moved to Austria where they remained until returning to Belgium in July of 1950. .
Known as Prince Albert of Liege he represented Belgium (a Catholic country) at the Vatican for the papal coronation of Pope John XXIII in 1958. While at a reception at the Belgian embassy Albert met Italian Princess Paola Ruffo di Calabria. The two soon became an item and were married on July 2, 1959 and have three children. The eldest child and heir to the throne is Prince Philippe, Duke of Brabant (1960-) and is married to Mathilde d’Udekem d’Acoz . Their next child is Princess Astrid (1962-), married to Archduke Lorenz of Austria-Este, Duke of Modena. Princess Astrid was falsely rumored to be the future bride of Prince Charles, the Prince of Wales, back in the late 70s. Their youngest child is Prince Laurent (1963-) who is married to Claire Coombs who was created a princess of Belgium. The five children of Princess Astrid and Archduke Lorenz were also created princes and princesses of Belgium.
Prior to becoming king Albert’s main job was the Honorary President of the Board of Directors of the Belgian Foreign Trade Office. He held this office for 31 years where he presided over trade missions throughout the world and visited Belgian companies that were operating in the field export. As king his duties are representative. Here is the section on his duties as king from the website of the Belgian Royal Family.
http://www.monarchie.be/monarchy-today
The Monarchy today
The King of Belgium’s duties include contacts with a wide range of representatives of Belgian society: members of the federal government, of the community and regional governments, MPs and political leaders, representatives of the economic, social, cultural and scientific sectors, academia, the media …
The King and the members of the Royal Family also keep in close touch with the citizens of Belgium, promoting private and public initiatives that help bring about social improvements. The King and the members of the Royal Family represent Belgium abroad at the highest levels (State visits, trade missions, participation in international meetings).
The king has been on the throne for 19 years and has been a solid representative of the Belgian nation. In 2010-2011 when the was no government for 451 days the king was a stabilizing presence while the politicians worked through their deadlock.
May he continue in good health and long may he reign.
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jewels in motion – Page 2
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2019-12-04T06:00:00-06:00
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en
|
https://www.thecourtjeweller.com/category/jewels-in-motion/page/2
|
DENIS CHARLET/AFP via Getty Images
Twenty years ago today, King Philippe and Queen Mathilde of the Belgians tied the knot in Brussels. Today, we’ve got a look back at the wedding day — and the wedding jewels!
As is the case for many Europeans, Philippe and Mathilde had both civil and religious wedding ceremonies. Twenty-six-year old Mathilde arrived on the arm of her father, Count Patrick d’Udekem d’Acoz, for the civil ceremony, which took place at ten o’clock in the monring at the Town Hall in Brussels.
Thirty-nine-year old Prince Philippe, who was then the Duke of Brabant, was waiting inside for his bride. He wore the uniform of a colonel in the Belgian Air Force for both weddings, as well as the purple sash of Belgium’s highest chivalric order, the Order of Leopold.
The ceremony was conducted in Flemish, French, and German. When Philippe and Mathilde said their vows, the crowds outside the building cheered so loudly that they could be heard by the amused couple and their guests.
Queen Paola was also highly amused by the audible cheering.
The couple exchanged kisses after the ceremony ended.
All of the guests, including both families, applauded afterward as well. The ceremony concluded with the signing of the marriage registry, both by the couple and their witnesses (Hereditary Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg, Archduke Simeon of Austria, Elisabeth d’Udekem d’Acoz, and Stephanie de Radigues de Chenneviere)
The halfway-married couple appeared on the balcony of the town hall to wave to the gathered crowds (and shared a kiss on the cheek).
Next, the couple and the families traveled to the Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula for the religious wedding ceremony. Mathilde again arrived with her father, who helped to arrange her veil and gown as she stepped out of the car. Her dress was made for her by Belgian couturier Edouard Vermeulen, who also designed wedding gowns for Princess Laurentien of the Netherlands and Mathilde’s sister-in-law, Princess Claire of Belgium. Her antique lace veil was worn by Queen Paola for her wedding to the future King Albert II in 1959.
Her veil was secured by Queen Elisabeth’s Art Deco Bandeau, a sparkling diamond tiara loaned to Mathilde by her new mother-in-law, Queen Paola. The tiara has been worn by four generations of Belgian queens consort, and it was also used as a wedding tiara by Prince Amedeo’s wife, Elisabetta.
Mathilde’s wedding earrings featured pearl drops suspended from diamond bows.
Those who watched the ceremony on television also got a glimpse of Mathilde’s ruby engagement ring on her left hand. (Philippe placed her wedding band on her right hand, where she still wears it today.)
Mathilde also placed Philippe’s wedding band on his right hand. She said her wedding vows in Flemish, while he said his in French. The religious ceremony, which lasted two hours, took place in front of 1200 guests.
Television viewers were also able to glimpse some of the jewels worn by the numerous royal guests. (You can read the very extensive guest list on Netty’s website!) Queen Paola wore pearl earrings with a pearl necklace and a floral brooch.
Queen Fabiola was regal in a feathered hat and pearls.
Princess Astrid’s sparkling brooch was pinned to her fur wrap. Two of her Belgian aunts wore significant jewels as well: Princess Marie Esmerelda donned a gold chain necklace, while Princess Lea wore sparkling earrings.
Astrid’s daughter, Princess Marie Laura, wore a very ’90s choker necklace.
Like his father and brother, Prince Laurent wore a military uniform with the Order of Leopold.
Several foreign heads of state also attended the wedding, including King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia of Sweden, as well as Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands. Beatrix wore sapphire earrings and one of the fantastic Dutch sapphire and diamond brooches. Silvia wore pearls and a floral brooch. Also in pearls were Queen Margrethe II of Denmark, who wore the Connaught Pearl Bar Brooch, and Queen Sonja of Norway. Sonja’s daughter, Princess Martha Louise, wore delicate pearl jewels.
Grand Duchess Josephine-Charlotte of Luxembourg (an aunt of the groom) wore pearls as well, including Grand Duchess Maria Ana’s Pearl Negligee Pendant. Her daughter-in-law, Hereditary Grand Duchess Maria Teresa, wore pearl earrings. Her daughters also attended the wedding. Princess Margaretha of Liechtenstein, chose a pearl choker necklace for the occasion, while Archduchess Marie Astrid wore pearls with a gold brooch.
Queen Sofia of Spain, who attended with her son, Prince Felipe, wore a pearl necklace with a fantastic pendant and a small brooch. Her sister-in-law, Queen Anne-Marie, wore diamonds and rubies.
Monaco and the United Kingdom were represented, respectively, by the heirs to their thrones: Hereditary Prince Albert and Prince Charles.
Several other heirs attended, too. Prince Felipe of Spain sat beside Prince Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands and Crown Prince Naruhito and Crown Princess Masako of Japan. (She wore gorgeous pearls for the wedding.) On the other side of Felipe is a royal who later became notable for a terrible reason: Prince Dipendra of Nepal. A year and a half after this wedding, he killed his parents, siblings, and other royal relatives (and mortally wounded himself). The massacre led to the abolition of the Nepalese monarchy.
Princess Lalla Hasna of Morocco wore a beautiful pair of gold pendant earrings and a jeweled belt.
The guest list included numerous members of non-reigning families as well. Marina of Savoy wore an ensemble that glittered all on its own. Miriam of Bulgaria wore a pair of lovely pink pendant earrings.
After the religious ceremony ended, Philippe and Mathilde rode through the streets of Brussels in a glass-topped Mercedes-Benz limousine that was decked in flowers. They traveled to the Royal Palace in Brussels, where they made another balcony appearance, attended a luncheon, and took official photographs. A second reception was held in the evening at Laeken.
PHILIPPE HUGUEN/AFP via Getty Images
The ensuing decades brought major changes to the couple’s lives. They became King and Queen of the Belgians in July 2013, following the abdication of his father, King Albert II. They’re also the parents of four children: Princess Elisabeth, Prince Gabriel, Prince Emmanuel, and Princess Eleonore.
The Siren of Serendip
As Crown Princess Mary wraps up her visit to Houston, I’ve got another sparkling bit of wonder for you from the city: a look at one of the Houston Museum of Natural Science’s newest acquisitions, the Siren of Serendip.
The museum calls the astonishing blue sapphire “one of the top five” examples of the gemstone in the world. It weighs in at a whopping 422.66 carats — just slightly smaller than the famous 478 carat sapphire once owned by the likes of Queen Marie of Romania and Queen Friederike of the Hellenes. (You can read more about that gem over here!)
This slightly-smaller sapphire (ha!) is called the Siren of Serendip. In a press release about the gem, HMNS explains the name: “The gemstone’s name refers in part to the sirens of Greek mythology, whose irresistible—yet unattainable—beauty captivated all who beheld them. Meanwhile, the second half of its name refers to the ancient Persian word for Ceylon, Serendip, and also serves as a nod to the serendipity the museum feels at having the opportunity to own this stunning piece.”
HMNS also explains that “Ceylon sapphires are world renowned for their size, color and abundance. Sri Lankan mines hold the record for the largest fine quality faceted blue sapphires in the world. The country boasts the highest density of gem deposits, with gem-bearing Pre-Cambrian rock composing 90 percent of its landmass. The age of Sri Lanka’s geology contributes to the land’s richness in gem deposits.”
The Siren of Serendip was discovered in Sri Lanka almost a century ago. The original rough crystal weighed an astounding 2,670 carats.
The museum commissioned jeweler Ingo Henn to create a new setting for the sapphire. We previously discussed another of Henn’s creations for HMNS, his gorgeous peridot suite. (See it here!)
Henn’s design nestles the Siren of Serendip made of white gold and platinum. The piece also glitters with 913 diamonds.
The total carat weight of the diamonds comes in at 36.30 carats. Note the lovely pear-shaped diamond that dangles from the clasp!
The Siren of Serendip is on display in a special exhibit in the Brown Gallery at HMNS until March 24. But never fear! If you can’t make it before that exhibition closes, the sapphire will go on permanent display afterward in the museum’s gem gallery.
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Funeral Prince Alexander of Belgium
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2024-08-21T11:22:40.136000+00:00
|
Queen Fabiola, Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg, King Albert and Queen Paola of Belgium attend the funeral of Prince Alexander of Belgium in the Onze-Lieve-Vrouw church in Laken, Brussels, 4 december 2009. Prince Alexander of Belgium died at 29 november at the age of 67. Alexander is the half-brother of King Albert of Belgium and was married with Princess Lea. Photo: Patrick van Katwijk
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https://combo.staticflickr.com/pw/favicon.ico
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Flickr
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https://www.flickr.com/photos/47730426@N04/4372498193
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Queen Fabiola, Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg, King Albert and Queen Paola of Belgium attend the funeral of Prince Alexander of Belgium in the Onze-Lieve-Vrouw church in Laken, Brussels, 4 december 2009. Prince Alexander of Belgium died at 29 november at the age of 67. Alexander is the half-brother of King Albert of Belgium and was married with Princess Lea. Photo: Patrick van Katwijk
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https://www.pinterest.com/pin/prince-alexander-von-isenburg-and-his-wife-sarah-attend-the-wedding--328129522844492305/
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2018-01-07T06:10:45+00:00
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Prince Alexander von Isenburg and his wife Sarah attend the wedding ceremony of Princess Maria Theresia von Thurn und Taxis and Hugo Wilson at the St. Joseph church on September 13, 2014 in Tutzing,... Get premium, high resolution news photos at Getty Images
|
en
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Pinterest
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https://www.pinterest.com/pin/prince-alexander-von-isenburg-and-his-wife-sarah-attend-the-wedding--328129522844492305/
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https://www.theepochtimes.com/shenyun/princess-lea-of-belgium-carried-away-by-the-rhythm-of-shen-yun-2824634
|
en
|
Princess Léa of Belgium ‘Carried Away by the Rhythm’ of Shen Yun
|
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2019-03-05T00:00:00
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en
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The Epoch Times
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https://www.theepochtimes.com/shenyun/princess-lea-of-belgium-carried-away-by-the-rhythm-of-shen-yun-2824634
|
GENEVA—The Bâtiment des Forces Motrices (BFM) has been resonating with the sounds of Chinese classical music. The famous classical Chinese dance and music company Shen Yun Performing Arts was back in Switzerland with its new program.
This year, Shen Yun’s growing success has reached the highest social levels, including the prestigious “crowned heads” of Europe. After Prince Jean d'Orléans in France, it was Princess Léa of Belgium who came to discover the 5,000 years of traditional Chinese culture.
Léa of Belgium, born Wohlman, is the widow of Alexander of Belgium, brother of the former King Albert II of Belgium and uncle of the current King Philip of Belgium. This elegant woman said she was “impressed by Shen Yun’s artists.”
She was full of praise for the performers after seeing the New York-based company.
“I find it absolutely impressive in terms of beauty, aesthetics, agility, of course, talent and speed!” said Léa of Belgium.
“We are carried away by the rhythm of this show from the beginning,” she said.
This was the first time she had seen classical Chinese dance, and she said she found it impressive and innovative.
Classical Chinese dance, which dates back thousands of years, is one of the most complete dance systems in the world. Indeed, it has been enriched over the successive dynasties in China, developing postures and acrobatic techniques that later inspired some martial arts or circus arts.
But what particularly characterizes classical Chinese classical dance is the yun, or “bearing.” It could be translated as the soul or the expression of the dancer’s inner spirit.
As Shen Yun explains: “Bearing is formed by the combination of something that would look like cultural DNA or an ethnic flavor that the Chinese have in their blood, it is the legacy of 5,000 years of Chinese civilization. Bearing emphasizes the inner spirit, breath, intention, personal aura and deep emotional expression. The quintessence is that the mind directs the form, so that the form is imbued with the mind.”
Princess Léa was sensitive to this spirituality that so animated the Shen Yun artists.
“We have this impression, indeed, that artists are extremely imbued with what they do, and with spiritual emotion,” she said.
She added that she felt “a lot of positive energy,” and “I hope we will keep it throughout the coming weeks!
With reporting by NTD Television.
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Queen Fabiola, Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg, King Albert and Queen Paola of Belgium attend the funeral of Prince Alexander of Belgium in the Onze-Lieve-Vrouw church in Laken, Brussels, 4 december 2009. Prince Alexander of Belgium died at 29 november at the age of 67. Alexander is the half-brother of King Albert of Belgium and was married with Princess Lea. Photo: Patrick van Katwijk
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https://combo.staticflickr.com/pw/favicon.ico
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Flickr
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Queen Fabiola, Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg, King Albert and Queen Paola of Belgium attend the funeral of Prince Alexander of Belgium in the Onze-Lieve-Vrouw church in Laken, Brussels, 4 december 2009. Prince Alexander of Belgium died at 29 november at the age of 67. Alexander is the half-brother of King Albert of Belgium and was married with Princess Lea. Photo: Patrick van Katwijk
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Princess Lea, Queen Paola and her husband King Albert of Belgium attend the funeral ceremony of Princess Lea's late husband Prince Alexander of Belgium in Laken, Belgium, 04 December 2009. Prince Alexander died on 29 November 2009. He was the half-brother of King Albert II of Belgium. Photo: Albert Nieboer (NETHERLANDS OUT)
Captions are provided by our contributors.
RMID:Image ID :D4TYHR
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D4TYHR
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2009-12-17T17:44:00+00:00
|
HRH Prince Alexandre of the Belgians, who has died aged 67, was the half-brother of King Albert II and son of the late King Leopold III of the Belgians.
|
en
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/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/core/resources/icons/favicon.ico
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The Telegraph
|
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/royalty-obituaries/6835065/HRH-Prince-Alexandre-of-the-Belgians.html
|
He was born at the Chateau of Laeken on July 18 1942 and christened Alexandre Emmanuel Henri Albert Marie Leopold. The eldest of the three children of Leopold's second marriage, to Liliane Baels, he was also half-brother to the late King Baudouin.
Despite, or perhaps because of, this gilded heritage, Alexandre's life was difficult from the start. The Belgian people resented their king marrying again. They had been devoted to Queen Astrid, his Swedish wife, and her death in a car accident in 1935 prompted great public grief. Many had sympathised with the king in his period of lonely dedication to his work, but few felt the same when he remarried in 1941. A banner headline in a Belgian paper read: "Sire, we thought you shared our grief, but you buried your sorrow in the shoulders of another woman."
Alexandre and his younger sister Marie-Christine were born of the marriage when their father was still king. He was deemed unfit to reign by his government after surrendering to the Nazis and ultimately abdicated in 1951. Another sister, Princess Maria-Esmeralda, was born in 1956. All three were recognised as members of the Belgian Royal family, but excluded from any rights to the throne.
Shortly before Belgium was liberated by the Allies in September 1944, the Belgian Royal family were deported to Nazi Germany and guarded by 70 members of the SS. They ate inadequate food and lived in fear of imminent death (not without reason, with one of their captors apparently attempting to feed them cyanide disguised as vitamin pills). Later they were transferred to Austria, and, after liberation by the US Army, settled at Prégny, in Switzerland.
King Leopold was eventually allowed back to Brussels in July 1950, but, after serious rioting, was soon forced to abdicate in favour of Prince Baudouin. After the marriage of King Baudouin in 1960, Leopold moved his young family to Argenteuil House, near Waterloo, causing a serious rift by taking furniture and pictures with him. Leopold was denied access to his grandchildren when they were born to his first family. Thereafter he dropped out of public life and died in 1983.
In 1957 Alexandre was taken to Boston, where he underwent successful heart surgery, as a result of which his mother took a great interest in cardiology and founded a cardiological foundation which enabled many children to go to the United States for life-saving operations.
Alexandre planned to study medicine but settled on a business career. After attending the Royal Military School in Belgium, he gained a degree from the Catholic University in Louvain.
On March 14 1991 he married Lea Inga Dora Wolman, who was twice-divorced, in a civil ceremony at Debenham, Suffolk. His mother was aware of the marriage, but disapproved; and despite having suffered ostracism herself, thereafter chose to invite her son to social occasions without his wife. The marriage was made public only in 1998.
Last year Prince Alexandre's wife gave an interview in which she said her husband had wanted to assume some official responsibilities, but had been excluded from these. Instead he led the life of a bon vivant, enjoying fine food and the game of bridge.
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IMAGO.
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https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/royalty-obituaries/6835065/HRH-Prince-Alexandre-of-the-Belgians.html
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en
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HRH Prince Alexandre of the Belgians
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[
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[
"Kieran Kelly",
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2009-12-17T17:44:00+00:00
|
HRH Prince Alexandre of the Belgians, who has died aged 67, was the half-brother of King Albert II and son of the late King Leopold III of the Belgians.
|
en
|
/etc.clientlibs/settings/wcm/designs/telegraph/core/clientlibs/core/resources/icons/favicon.ico
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The Telegraph
|
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/royalty-obituaries/6835065/HRH-Prince-Alexandre-of-the-Belgians.html
|
He was born at the Chateau of Laeken on July 18 1942 and christened Alexandre Emmanuel Henri Albert Marie Leopold. The eldest of the three children of Leopold's second marriage, to Liliane Baels, he was also half-brother to the late King Baudouin.
Despite, or perhaps because of, this gilded heritage, Alexandre's life was difficult from the start. The Belgian people resented their king marrying again. They had been devoted to Queen Astrid, his Swedish wife, and her death in a car accident in 1935 prompted great public grief. Many had sympathised with the king in his period of lonely dedication to his work, but few felt the same when he remarried in 1941. A banner headline in a Belgian paper read: "Sire, we thought you shared our grief, but you buried your sorrow in the shoulders of another woman."
Alexandre and his younger sister Marie-Christine were born of the marriage when their father was still king. He was deemed unfit to reign by his government after surrendering to the Nazis and ultimately abdicated in 1951. Another sister, Princess Maria-Esmeralda, was born in 1956. All three were recognised as members of the Belgian Royal family, but excluded from any rights to the throne.
Shortly before Belgium was liberated by the Allies in September 1944, the Belgian Royal family were deported to Nazi Germany and guarded by 70 members of the SS. They ate inadequate food and lived in fear of imminent death (not without reason, with one of their captors apparently attempting to feed them cyanide disguised as vitamin pills). Later they were transferred to Austria, and, after liberation by the US Army, settled at Prégny, in Switzerland.
King Leopold was eventually allowed back to Brussels in July 1950, but, after serious rioting, was soon forced to abdicate in favour of Prince Baudouin. After the marriage of King Baudouin in 1960, Leopold moved his young family to Argenteuil House, near Waterloo, causing a serious rift by taking furniture and pictures with him. Leopold was denied access to his grandchildren when they were born to his first family. Thereafter he dropped out of public life and died in 1983.
In 1957 Alexandre was taken to Boston, where he underwent successful heart surgery, as a result of which his mother took a great interest in cardiology and founded a cardiological foundation which enabled many children to go to the United States for life-saving operations.
Alexandre planned to study medicine but settled on a business career. After attending the Royal Military School in Belgium, he gained a degree from the Catholic University in Louvain.
On March 14 1991 he married Lea Inga Dora Wolman, who was twice-divorced, in a civil ceremony at Debenham, Suffolk. His mother was aware of the marriage, but disapproved; and despite having suffered ostracism herself, thereafter chose to invite her son to social occasions without his wife. The marriage was made public only in 1998.
Last year Prince Alexandre's wife gave an interview in which she said her husband had wanted to assume some official responsibilities, but had been excluded from these. Instead he led the life of a bon vivant, enjoying fine food and the game of bridge.
|
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yago
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https://royalwatcherblog.com/2021/12/02/queen-elisabeths-pearl-and-diamond-leaf-brooch/
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en
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Queen Elisabeth’s Pearl and Diamond Leaf Brooch
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2021-12-02T00:00:00
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Happy Birthday to Princess Léa of Belgium who turns 70 today! The twice-divorced who married Prince Alexander of Belgium, the first child and only son of King Leopold’s second marriage to Princess Lilian of Réthy. Princess Léa enjoys a good relationship with her late husband’s royal relatives and often attends royal events both in Belgium
|
en
|
The Royal Watcher -
|
https://royalwatcherblog.com/2021/12/02/queen-elisabeths-pearl-and-diamond-leaf-brooch/
|
Happy Birthday to Princess Léa of Belgium who turns 70 today! The twice-divorced who married Prince Alexander of Belgium, the first child and only son of King Leopold’s second marriage to Princess Lilian of Réthy. Princess Léa enjoys a good relationship with her late husband’s royal relatives and often attends royal events both in Belgium and abroad. In honour of the Princess’ birthday, we are featuring one of the few heirloom jewels at her disposal: Queen Elisabeth’s Pearl and Diamond Leaf Brooch!
Click HERE to see the full version of this article!
Embed from Getty Images
But first lets learn about Princess Léa! The daughter of Sigismund Wolman, a merchant in Brussels, and Lisa Bornstein, she first married Russian Aristocrat Serge Victorovich Spetschinsky in 1975, having a daughter Laetitia Sergeevna Spetschinskaya, before their divorce in 1980. In 1983, she married Paul Robert Bichara and had a son, Renaud Bichara, before their divorce in 1987. While Léa married Prince Alexander of Belgium, son of King Leopold III and the Princess de Réthy, and the stepbrother of Grand Duchess Joséphine Charlotte of Luxembourg, King Baudouin and King Albert II of Belgium, in 1991, the couple kept their relationship a secret until 1998, over fears of the Princess de Réthy’s reaction. Princess Léa is a member of the patronage committee of the annual night of charity La Nuit des Neiges in Crans-Montana in Switzerland and grants her High Patronage to numerous charities, including the General Assembly of the Yvonne Boël Fund (fight against cancer). After Prince Alexander’s death in 2009, Princess Léa moved out of their villa in Rhode-Saint-Genèse to the Château de Humain. She is regularly seen at foreign royal events, like the Wedding of Crown Prince Leka of Albania and the Wedding of Grand Duke George Mikhailovich of Russia and Princess Victoria Romanovna Romanoff, and also remains close to the Belgian Royal Family!
Embed from Getty Images
On October 2nd, 1900, Prince Albert of Belgium, heir to Belgian throne, married Duchess Élisabeth in Bayern, in a ceremony in Munich. On that occasion, the young Princess received several pieces of jewellery from her European royal relatives. Her younger sister, Princess Marie Gabrielle, and her husband, Prince Rupprecht of Bayern, who also got married earlier that year, presented her with a brooch in the shape of a jet leaf, set in diamonds and five baroque pearls.
Princess Élisabeth wore this brooch quite often, probably due to deep esteem she had to her sister, that died of renal failure at the early age of 34, in 1912. She wore it for several family portraits, together with her husband and three children, Prince Leopold, Prince Charles, and Princess Marie José , taken shortly after the couple succeeded as King and Queen of the Belgians, in 1909.
Embed from Getty Images
Embed from Getty Images
Embed from Getty Images
Unlike other pieces of jewellery that the Queen had redesigned, the Leaf Brooch was kept intact throughout her life. She can be seen wearing it on both daytime events and galas, were the Queen always had a small bouquet of natural flowers pinned by a brooch on her left shoulder. Queen Elisabeth also paired it with her spectacular Cartier Diamond Tiara, her signature piece, for several portraits, and even wore it on her hat.
Embed from Getty Images
The Queen wore this brooch at the Wedding of her grandson, Prince Albert and Princess Paola Ruffo di Calabria in July 1959. After her death in 1965, the Diamond and Pearl Leaf Brooch seems to have been inherited by her eldest son, ex-King Leopold III. However, it does not appear to have been worn publicly by his second wife, Princess Lilian.
Embed from Getty ImagesEmbed from Getty Images
Prince Alexander of Belgium inherited the Diamond and Pearl Brooch either after the death of his father, King Leopold III in 1983, or the death of his mother, Princess Lilian, in 2002. Princess Léa has worn the Brooch on at least one occasion, ‘La Nuit Des Neiges’, a charity gala dinner in aid of Sepp Blatter Football And Humanity Foundation, in 2008. Since Prince Alexander and Princess Léa have no children together, lets hope this Brooch may one day find its back into the main Royal Family, to be one day worn by Queen Elisabeth’s namesake, the Duchess of Brabant!
This article was written by assistant editor, David Rato, who runs the Spanish Royal Jewels account on Instagram!
Share this:
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https://www.thecourtjeweller.com/2022/09/a-sparkling-royal-wedding-tiara-for-princess-maria-laura.html
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en
|
A Sparkling Royal Wedding Tiara for Princess Maria Laura
|
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2022-09-10T12:00:57+00:00
|
Today in Brussels, the King's niece was married in a glittering ceremony in the city's cathedral, wearing heirloom royal diamonds. Princess Maria Laura of Belgium, daughter of Prince Lorenz and Prince Astrid, wed her fiancé,
|
en
|
The Court Jeweller
|
https://www.thecourtjeweller.com/2022/09/a-sparkling-royal-wedding-tiara-for-princess-maria-laura.html
|
Today in Brussels, the King’s niece was married in a glittering ceremony in the city’s cathedral, wearing heirloom royal diamonds.
|
|||||
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https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/lilian-baels/lilian-princess-of-rethy-queen-in-all-but-name/
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en
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Lilian, Princess of Réthy
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2018-04-27T06:00:00+00:00
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Mary Lilian Baels was born on 28 November 1916 as the daughter of Henri Baels and his wife, Anne Marie de Visscher. She was born in London, where the family was living at the time after fleeing the First World War. The family originally lived in Ostend in Belgium. She was their sixth child, and [read more]
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History of Royal Women
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https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/lilian-baels/lilian-princess-of-rethy-queen-in-all-but-name/
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Mary Lilian Baels was born on 28 November 1916 as the daughter of Henri Baels and his wife, Anne Marie de Visscher. She was born in London, where the family was living at the time after fleeing the First World War. The family originally lived in Ostend in Belgium. She was their sixth child, and two more would follow. When the family returned to Belgium after the war, her father became Minister of Agriculture, Minister of the Interior, and, finally, Minister of Public Works and Public Health. He became Governor of West Flanders in 1933.
Lilian went by the name Lily at home. She attended school in Ostend and was later sent to a boarding school in Brussels. At the age of 18, she attended a finishing school in London. She was also reportedly engaged to a Hungarian count, but nothing ever came of it.
We do not know exactly how and when Lilian met the widowed King Leopold III of Belgium. They probably met several times briefly before the Second World War due to her father’s work. At the start of the Second World War, Lilian’s father went in search of the Minister of the Interior, who he believed to be in France. On the way there, he had a car accident and was admitted to a hospital in Le Havre. His wife decided to bring the children to France, realising that the situation in Belgium was heading for disaster. Her father was then accused of abandoning his post as Governor. He succeeded in obtaining an audience with the King, who was by then a prisoner following the capitulation of the Belgian army on 28 May 1940. It was Lilian who drove him to the audience, where he managed to explain himself.
Lilian was invited to Laeken Castle by the King’s mother Elisabeth (born of Bavaria) in 1941 to “divert” the King from his previous mistress, the Austrian Liselotte Landbeck who had just given birth to their daughter. Elisabeth demanded that he break off their relationship. After several meetings with Lilian, it was clear that the couple was in love. The couple planned to hold an official civil marriage after the war and have a secret religious marriage ceremony on 11 September 1941 at Laeken. This was actually against the law, which stated that any religious ceremony must be preceded by a civil ceremony. Not much later, Lilian was pregnant with their first child, and the couple had a civil wedding on 6 December 1941. Adolf Hitler himself sent flowers. Lilian was created Her Royal Highness The Princess of Réthy. Any children would be excluded from the line of succession.
When the marriage became public, the public’s response was mixed. The country was at war, and many believed that the marriage was incompatible with the King’s status as a prisoner of war. Lilian was branded a social climber, and the couple was blamed for violating the law by holding a religious ceremony before a civil one. These criticisms would haunt them even after the war.
Despite the fact that they were under guard, Lilian and Leopold were very happy during the war years. They lacked nothing, and on 18 July 1942, their first child Prince Alexandre of Belgium was born. After the landings at Normandy in June 1944, Adolf Hitler ordered the deportation of Leopold to Germany. He protested, but he, Lilian and the four children (three with his first wife, Astrid of Sweden) were all deported. Only Elisabeth was allowed to remain in Laeken. On 11 June 1944, the family arrived in Hirschstein near Dresden, where they were guarded by the SS. The family was in the comfort of a castle, with three courtiers and nine servants. On 7 March 1945, the family was once again moved. This time the final destination was Strobl in Austria, not far from Adolf Hitler’s residence. There they were liberated by the Americans on 7 May.
If Leopold expected a hero’s return to Belgium, it never came. The Belgian government demanded that he once again swears allegiance to the constitution and must praise the allied troops, the resistance and the government. Leopold was furious and refused to return to Belgium, claiming to be weakened by years of imprisonment. Meanwhile, his brother Prince Charles acted as regent of Belgium. Lilian, too, refused to compromise with the government.
Leopold was soon toying with the idea of abdicating the throne in favour of his son, but Lilian persuaded him not to do it. The family moved to Switzerland, where they lived in Villa Le Reposoir with five servants until 1950. Leopold and Lilian travelled a lot during this time. This decadent lifestyle led to protests from war-torn Belgium. Lilian was an excellent scapegoat, and everything she did was picked apart by the media. Finally, a referendum was held on 12 March 1950. The conclusion: 57,68% of Belgians wanted to keep their monarchy, but the country was very much divided. After heavy riots, where four people lost their lives, Leopold finally abdicated on 17 July 1951. His son, just 20 years old, was now King Baudouin of the Belgians.
The two Kings remained living together at the Castle of Laeken, where two further children were born to Leopold and Lilian. Lilian remained the Queen of the household until Baudouin married in 1960 when Leopold and Lilian moved to Argenteuil. The family slowly began to drift apart. After Leopold’s first heart attack in 1975, his sons occasionally visit him, but the silence remained otherwise. The press continued to report on their lifestyle.
Leopold died on 25 September 1983, and almost immediately, a rather public fight concerning the inheritance broke out. It would not be settled for another five years. The relationship between Lilian and her three children also deteriorated. Her son Alexander married Léa Wolman in secret, and she did not find out for another seven years. Her eldest daughter Marie-Christine ended all contact with her mother and wrote a book about her in 2004. Only her youngest daughter remained in contact. Lilian devoted her life to the memory of her husband and published his memoirs in 2001.
Lilian died on 7 June 2002, and she was buried in the Royal Crypt at Laeken with her husband and his first wife.
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Princess Lea and the Late Prince Alexandre of Belgium
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2003-12-07T13:35:20-05:00
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Prince Alexandre, Princess Lea, and Princess Marie-Esmeralda at the wedding of Prince Laurent.
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The Royal Forums
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https://www.theroyalforums.com/threads/princess-lea-and-the-late-prince-alexandre-of-belgium.1427/
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Prince Alexandre, Princess Lea, and Princess Marie-Esmeralda at the wedding of Prince Laurent.
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Princess Lea of Belgium (right) and Princess Marie-Gabrielle of Savoy at the opening night of the Princess de Rethy exhibit in Brussels.
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Princess Lea of Belgium
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Queen Paola, King Albert II, Princess Marie-Esmeralda, Prince Alexandre, and Princess Lea
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Prince Alexandre and Princess Marie-Esmeralda
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is the one of the women in the 2nd pic Lea? it doesn't look like her
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The caption for the pic said that it was. I have my doubts as well.
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This red hat is a little big. It's not that sunny in Belgium.
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Originally posted by Dennism@Dec 8th, 2003 - 12:36 am
This red hat is a little big. It's not that sunny in Belgium.
The red dress is a dress wich originally belongs to HRH Princess Lilian, HRH Princess Maria-Esmeralda wore it as a tribute to her later mother. B)
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i liked esmeralda's red outfit at laurent&claire's wedding , i think she looked very good in it , i think she herited her mother's class and style..........
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These photos are from seegerpress. They are from the funeral of Princess Liliane in June 2002.
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I think that Alexandre sort of resembles Prince Laurent a bit. If you take away the glasses anyway.
How come Alexandre, Marie-Christine and Esmeralda are not, nor ever have been members of the royal house? After all, they are the children of a (former) king. Are they even in line to the throne?
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I'm not sure why they aren't members of the Royal House. I do know that Leopold and Liliane both agreed that their children would not have a place in the line of succession.
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thanks for the info mybags! I really do wonder why that is though. I have never really understood alot of things that concerned Princess Lilian and her children. Do you think that maybe it had something to do with the fact that the people of Belgium did not like the idea of the King remarrying?
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Probably, it may also have something to do with the fact that it was a morganatic marriage and it was kept secret from the public until later.
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Leopold and Lilian married without consent of the government, during the war.
It was one of the reasons why Leopold III had to abdicate, and so it was decided that the children from Lepold 's second mariage, would be princes of Belgium, but without rights to the throne. Very much against the will of Lilian, who wanted to be queen herself, and later on tried to marry her children off with other princes...
Lilian was a very difficult woman, when Alexandre married Lea Wolman, a very nice and discreet woman, he waited seven (7) years to inform his mother, out of fear for her reaction!!
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thanks for the info Cathérine Bergeyck! I had always figured that Lilian probably was a bit difficult and had grand plans for both herself and her children.
Cathérine Bergeyck said:
Lilian was a very difficult woman, when Alexandre married Lea Wolman, a very nice and discreet woman, he waited seven (7) years to inform his mother, out of fear for her reaction!!
Wow! I didn't know that. I wonder what kind of reaction that one got, especially seven years after the fact!
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prince Alexandre and his lovely wife, Lea Wolman.
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Cathérine Bergeyck said:
It was one of the reasons why Leopold III had to abdicate, and so it was decided that the children from Lepold 's second mariage, would be princes of Belgium, but without rights to the throne. Very much against the will of Lilian, who wanted to be queen herself, and later on tried to marry her children off with other princes...
Lilian was a very difficult woman, when Alexandre married Lea Wolman, a very nice and discreet woman, he waited seven (7) years to inform his mother, out of fear for her reaction!!
Wow, she was a tough woman to have for a mother!
Did Lilian not like Fabiola? Is that why her relationship with Baudoin became strained?
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Lilian and Fabiola coudn't stand each other. Apart from them both having strong characters, Baudouin's marriage to Fabiola also ment that he started a life of his own and Leopold & Lilian could no longer influence his political decisions.
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I sure am glad Baudoin found Fabiola, and got true happiness with her. And what a good influence she was on him.
Sorry to pepper you with questions, Cathérine, but was anyone in the family close to Lilian or was she just that difficult to get along with?
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I think the only one she always got along with was Esmeralda.
Lilian was a very bright woman, very beautifull, classy, elegant & cultivated; but over ambitous. She certainly didn't know the meaning of the word modesty. She had the beauty and grace of a queen, and loved to parade herself around, but serving her country was not in her book.
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Thanks very much. What a pity that with all her attributes, duty to Belgium wasn't one of them.
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at a charity event. Lea Wolman is often at charity events of the Belgian aritocracy.
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Lea Wolman was also present at the beatification in Rome. She's in the center of this picture:
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Alexander and Lea at the castle of Corroy with the marquis de Trazegnies, in 1997.
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Lea Wolman with the king and queen of Romania , and archduke Lorenz at a charity event
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Prince Alexandre wrote a book (it's more of a photobook actually) on his home, the castle of Argenteuil. He presented it, together with his wife Lea and her two children, Renaud Bichara and Laetitia Spetscinsky.
25/11/2004
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Prince Laurent and Princess Claire of Belgium’s 20th Wedding Anniversary
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Royal response from Their Royal Highness Prince Laurent and Princess Claire of Belgium on the occasion of their 20th wedding anniversary. Prince Laurent married Claire Coombs on 12 April 2003 at the Cathedral of Saints Michael and Gudula in Brussels, Belgium. The couple have three children, one daughter and two sons; Princess Louise of Belgium…
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RoyalResponses
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https://royalresponses.com/2023/05/23/prince-laurent-and-princess-claire-of-belgiums-20th-wedding-anniversary/
|
Royal response from Their Royal Highness Prince Laurent and Princess Claire of Belgium on the occasion of their 20th wedding anniversary.
Prince Laurent married Claire Coombs on 12 April 2003 at the Cathedral of Saints Michael and Gudula in Brussels, Belgium. The couple have three children, one daughter and two sons; Princess Louise of Belgium born 6 February 2004 and twins Prince Nicolas and Prince Aymeric born 13 December 2005.
The reply is in the form of a card thanking me for my wishes on their 20th wedding anniversary. also included is a picture of Their Royal Highnesses Prince Laurent and Princess Claire with their children Princess Louise, Prince Nicolas and Prince Aymeric of Belgium
Picture
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https://www.instagram.com/the_royal_watcher/p/CuIihNgoUZl/
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en
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Instagram
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https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/07/style/lea-hadad-levi-duchman-wedding.html
|
en
|
How a Hasidic Wedding in the UAE Went Viral on Instagram
|
[
"https://static01.nyt.com/images/2022/10/09/style/07VOWS-UAE8/07VOWS-UAE8-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&auto=webp&disable=upscale",
"https://static01.nyt.com/images/2018/06/14/multimedia/author-valeriya-safronova/author-valeriya-safronova-thumbLarge-v2.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Valeriya Safronova"
] |
2022-10-07T00:00:00
|
Levi Duchman and Lea Hadad brought together a diverse swath of guests for an unusual event: a large Hasidic wedding in the United Arab Emirates.
|
en
|
/vi-assets/static-assets/favicon-d2483f10ef688e6f89e23806b9700298.ico
|
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/07/style/lea-hadad-levi-duchman-wedding.html
|
When Levi Duchman and Lea Hadad, members of the Chabad-Lubavitch movement, were married in front of more than 1,500 guests at the Hilton Abu Dhabi Yas Island hotel on Sept. 14, there was one moment so notable that it went viral on Instagram: a video of the Hasidic groom dancing joyously with his friend, Abdalla Almaazmi, along with other Muslim and Jewish men.
The video is notable, in part, for what it symbolized: The growth of the Jewish population in the United Arab Emirates, especially since 2020, when the country signed the Abraham Accords, a landmark deal that normalized relations between Israel and several Arab countries.
Rabbi Duchman, 29, has served as a rabbi and Chabad emissary in the United Arab Emirates since he was 21. He estimated that since the signing, the number of Jews living in the Emirates has risen fivefold, to about 10,000.
“To bring my family, my parents, our heritage, our traditions and to share this with the local population, this was so special,” said Rabbi Duchman, who grew up in Brooklyn and studied in Chicago and Manchester, England. Ms. Hadad, 27, was born in Brussels and has lived in Quebec and Tel Aviv, where she met Rabbi Duchman. She has now joined him in Abu Dhabi.
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https://twitter.com/CoutureRoyals/status/1615684930100658178
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en
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x.com
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X (formerly Twitter)
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https://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/tradition/g41146605/princess-maria-laura-william-isvy-wedding-photos/
|
en
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See All the Best Photos of Princess Maria Laura's Wedding to William Isvy
|
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[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Emily Burack"
] |
2022-09-10T13:21:53.656648-04:00
|
The biggest royal wedding of 2022 took place in Belgium today. Here, see the best photos from the two ceremonies.
|
en
|
/_assets/design-tokens/townandcountrymag/static/images/favicon.80ace0d.ico
|
Town & Country
|
https://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/tradition/g41146605/princess-maria-laura-william-isvy-wedding-photos/
|
Maria wore the Savoy-Aosta Diamond Tiara, and her dress was designed by Vivienne Westwood.
"A dress with great historical influence," Herve Verhoosel, the couple's spokesperson, told Dutch media. “The corset and neckline are inspired by fashionable women of the 18th century and the fabric that drapes over the shoulders, drapes and falls from the hip is reminiscent of ancient Greek statues.”
The dress featured a 4-meter train, "especially created for Maria Laura, to create the drama and presence needed for the cathedral," per her spokesperson.
Carrying her train were Princess Marie-Astrid, her cousin Princess Olympia Napoleon, her sister-in-law Princess Elisabetta and her sister Princess Luisa.
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https://royalresponses.com/king-and-queen-of-the-belgians-and-children/
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en
|
Philippe and Mathilde, The King and Queen of The Belgians and Their Children
|
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[] |
2020-02-13T18:20:39+00:00
|
(2024) Mathilde, The Queen of The Belgians 51st Birthday Philippe and Mathilde, The King and Queen of The Belgians Easter Princess Eléonore of Belgium’s 16th Birthday Philippe, The King of The Belgians 64th Birthday (2023) Mathilde, The Queen of The Belgians 50th Birthday Philippe and Mathilde, The King and Queen of The Belgians Easter Princess…
|
en
|
RoyalResponses
|
https://royalresponses.com/king-and-queen-of-the-belgians-and-children/
| ||||||
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https://prinzandreas.com/scg-belgium/
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en
|
Prince Andreas of Saxe
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2015-01-19T17:10:56+00:00
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Belgium became independent in 1830, after the Belgian Revolution, in which the Southern Provinces rose up and separated from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. Belgium’s independence was proclaimed by the then Provisional Government. The members of the National Congress favored the creation of a...
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en
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Prince Andreas of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
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https://prinzandreas.com/scg-belgium/
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HOUSE OF SAXE-COBURG AND GOTHA
The House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (in German, Haus Sachsen Coburg und Gotha) is a German dynasty, in particular, the line of the Saxon House of Wettin that ruled the Ernestine duchies, including the duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
Although the House of Coburg reaches back in history to the 1400s, we start our family tree in the latter half of the 18th century with Franz Friedrich Anton, the sixth Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (from 1826 on, the house was called Saxe-Coburg and Gotha). Through the first marriage of Ernst, Franz Anton’s eldest son, to Luise Princess of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, the house acquired considerably more territory and importance. The descendants of Franz Friedrich Anton were at the top of several European monarchies. Members of their successor families are currently heads of government in many countries: Belgium through the descendants of King Léopold I, and in the Commonwealth realm through the descendants of Prince Consort Albert. Due to anti-German sentiment in the United Kingdom during World War I, King George V of the United Kingdom and Ireland changed the name of his branch from “Saxe-Coburg and Gotha” to “Windsor” in 1917. The same happened in Belgium, where it became “van België” or “de Belgique.”
KINGDOM OF BELGIUM - HOUSE OF SAXE-COBURG AND GOTHA
Belgium became independent in 1830, after the Belgian Revolution, in which the Southern Provinces rose up and separated from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands.
Belgium’s independence was proclaimed by the then Provisional Government. The members of the National Congress favored the creation of a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy by a vote of 174 to 13. In 1831, Baron Surlet de Chokier was appointed Regent by the National Congress, whose members ultimately designated Léopold Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha as their first King of the Belgians. Prince Léopold swore allegiance to the Belgian Constitution on 21 July 1831 and took an oath that made him king on the front steps of St. Jacques-sur-Coudenberg Church at Coudenbergh Place in Brussels. July 21 is now celebrated as Belgium’s National Day. All of King Léopold’s successors owe allegiance to the Constitution.
The following lists all of the Belgian monarchs since 1831, when King Léopold I ascended to the throne, after Belgium declared independence from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands in the 1830 Belgian Revolution.
“Episode of the Belgian Revolution of 1830” or “Episode of the September Days of 1830 on the Grand Place of Brussels”
Gustave Wappers (1834), Museum of Ancient Art, Brussels
In addition to linguistic and religious conflicts that arose out of two hundred years of separation, there were social discrepancies between the northern and southern provinces in the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. Unemployment in the south was high, and workers became frustrated. Even liberal bourgeois and Belgian patriots disapproved of the reactionary politics of Willem I King of the Netherlands.
When King Willem I tried to reconquer the lost provinces after the new kingdom was founded, King Léopold I’s Belgian troops, backed by French military forces, came away the winner. The Dutch withdrew, but it was another eight years before they truly accepted Belgium’s independence and signed the Treaty of London.
Léopold I King of the Belgians
Leopold
Léopold I, King of the Belgians (since 1831)
(Coburg, 16 December 1790 – Laeken, Brussels, 10 December 1865)
Leopold (Leopold Georg Christian Friedrich) was the youngest son of Duke Franz Friedrich Anton and Duchess Auguste Karoline Sophie of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. Leopold was appointed colonel of a regiment in Russia because of his relationship and finally reached the rank of lieutenant general in the Imperial Russian Army. He excelled in negotiating and diplomatic duties. In 1816 he married Charlotte Augusta, Princess of Wales, who was to become Queen of the United Kingdom. But she died after one year of marriage on the birth of a stillborn son. The widower Leopold stayed in London, neglected the offer to become King of Greece but accepted to become the first King of the Belgians, following Belgium’s independence from the Netherlands in 1831. Thus he was the founder of the Belgian line of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. His children included Léopold II, King of the Belgians and Carlota, Empress of Mexico. And he was a maternal uncle and adviser of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
Prince of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Duke of Saxony
Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke of Saxony (since 1826)
Charlotte Augusta
Princess of Wales
1
(London, 7 January 1796 – Claremont House, Esher, Surrey, 6 November 1817)
Charlotte Augusta was the only child of George, Prince of Wales and later King George IV and Caroline of Brunswick. Had she outlived her father and her grandfather, King George III, she would have become Queen of the United Kingdom. She was the only legitimate grandchild of King George III who was very interested in offering her an education suitable for her succession to the throne. She decided against Willem, the Hereditary Prince of Orange, and instead married Léopold I, Prince of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. To the great distress of her husband and the British population, she died in childbirth at the age of 21.
Princess of the United Kingdom
Princess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duchess or Saxony
Louise
Queen of the Belgians (since 1832)
2
(Palermo, Sicily, 3 April 1812 – Ostende, Belgium, 11 October 1850)
Louise (Louise Marie Thérèse Charlotte Isabelle) was the eldest daughter of the future King of the French Louis-Philippe I and his wife Maria Amalia of the Two Sicilies. Louise was a member of the reigning House of Bourbon. On her father’s side, she was a descendant of Philippe Égalité, Philippe d’Orléans, Regent for Louis XV, Madame de Montespan, and of Louis XIV and Philippe I, Duke of Orléans – both the sons of Louis XIII. On her mother’s side, she was a descendant of Maria Theresa of Austria and Catherina de’ Medici. When her father succeeded to the throne, under the name Louis-Philippe I, King of the French, Louise became a “Princesse d’Orléans” at the age of eighteen. When she married King Léopold I, she became Queen Consort of the Belgians as the second wife of King Léopold I. Louise is an ancestor of the present King of Belgium, of the Italian Royal Pretender (Prince of Naples), the Grand Duke of Luxembourg, and the present Prince Napoléon – head of the Imperial House of France.
Mademoiselle d’Orléans (Princess of the Blood)
Princess of Orléans (since 1830)
Léopold
Léopold II King of the Belgians (since 1865)
2
(Brussels, 9 April 1835 – Laeken, Brussels, 17 December 1909)
Léopold (Léopold Louis Philippe Marie Victor) wanted a kingdom rivaling other European countries and used his marriage with a Habsburg archduchess to give it more prestige. He was responsible for making the Congo a colonial empire, allowing him to accumulate enormous private wealth while the population of the Congo had suffered indescribably. Under his reign Brussels became a contemporary capital, as he commissioned parks and impressive buildings.
Prince of Belgium
Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke of Saxony
Duke of Brabant (since 1844)
Louis Philippe
Crown Prince of Belgium
1
(Laeken, Brussels, (24 July 1833 – Laeken, Brussels, 16 May 1834)
Louis Philippe (Louis Philippe Léopold Victor Ernest) was a year old when he died of sinusitis. He was not titled Duke of Brabant, as this title was not yet invented for an heir apparent. His younger brother, Léopold succeeded him as crown prince, and later succeeded their father as Léopold II, King of the Belgians.
Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke of Saxony
Philippe
Count of Flanders (since 1840)
3
(Laeken, Brussels 24 March 1837 – Brussels, 17 November 1905)
Philippe (Philippe Eugène Ferdinand Marie Clément Baudouin Léopold Georges) was the second surviving son of Léopold I, King of the Belgians and his wife Louise d’Orléans. He was the heir presumptive to the Belgian throne until the birth of his nephew who later died in 1869 when he regained his position. In 1866, after the abdication of Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Prince of Romania, he was offered the throne of Romania but he refused. In 1867 he married Maria Luise, the daughter of Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen and his wife Josephine, born Princess of Baden.
Prince of Belgium
Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke of Saxony
Marie Charlotte
The Empress of Mexico (since 1864)
4
(Laeken, Brussels, 7 June 1840 – Meise, Belgium 19 January 1927)
Charlotte (Marie Charlotte Amélie Augustine Victoire Clémentine Léopoldine married her second cousin Maximilian, Archduke of Austria, the younger brother of Emperor Franz Josef of Austria. While her husband served as governor of the provinces of Lombardy and Venetia, the couple lived in Italy, but they lacked real power. So Maximilian finally accepted to take the throne of Mexico while supported by French troops in action and to build up a second Mexican Empire. But soon the French troops withdrew and Carlota left Mexico to search for help in Europe – in vain. Her husband failed at the end and was executed. Carlota suffered a profound collapse and never returned to Mexico.
Princess of Belgium
Princess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duchess of Saxony
Archduchess Charlotte of Austria
Princess Royal of Hungary and Bohemia (since 1857)
Léopold II King of the Belgians
CHANGE OF SUCCESSION
In 1869, Prince Léopold, heir apparent and Léopold II’s only son, died from pneumonia at the age of 10 after falling into a pond.
Upon his death, Léopold II was succeeded by the heir apparent, his nephew Albert, whose eldest son would later succeed him as Léopold III.
Albert I King of the Belgians
King Albert I and Queen Elisabeth of the Belgians, received by Pope Pius XI, about 1926
King Albert’s Family
Léopold III King of the Belgians
Léopold, Hereditary Prince of Belgium and Princess Astrid on their wedding day, 1926
Baudouin, King of the Belgians
Baudouin, King of Belgium and Queen Fabiola
CHANGE OF SUCCESSION
Baudouin died a highly esteemed king, who served Belgium and its people for a period of 42 years. He always felt responsible for his subjects and was a popular head of state. He formed the King Baudouin Foundation to improve living conditions and social welfare for Belgium’s people. Half a million people came to pay their respects at his funeral, even Queen Elisabeth from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. As he and Fabiola did not have any children, the crown passed on to his brother Albert, the Prince of Liège and heir apparent.
Albert II King of the Belgians
King Albert II and Queen Paola of Belgium
Philippe becomes new Belgian King as Albert II abdicates
Philippe King of the Belgians
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yago
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https://twitter.com/CoutureRoyals/status/1615684930100658178
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x.com
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X (formerly Twitter)
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https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2525208
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Prince Alexandre of Belgium
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https://people.com/princess-elisabeth-belgium-stars-22nd-birthday-portraits-future-queen-history-explained-8382464
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Princess Elisabeth of Belgium Stars in New 22nd Birthday Portraits — Why the Future Queen Will Make History
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[
"Janine Henni",
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2023-10-25T13:15:03.755000-04:00
|
Princess Elisabeth of Belgium is celebrating her 22nd birthday! See the new portraits from the Belgian Royal Palace and catch up on what the young royal has been up to lately — tiaras included!
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en
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/favicon.ico
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Peoplemag
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https://people.com/princess-elisabeth-belgium-stars-22nd-birthday-portraits-future-queen-history-explained-8382464
|
Happy birthday, Princess Elisabeth of Belgium!
The future queen turned 22 on Wednesday, and the Belgian Royal Palace released two formal portraits to celebrate the occasion. Princess Elisabeth was all smiles in the set, where she wore a navy tank with a high illusion neckline and sparkling embroidery tucked into navy trousers. The Duchess of Brabant (as she’s also styled!) completed the look with diamond drop earrings, which appear to be the same pair she sported for Prince Christian of Denmark’s birthday bash last week.
“🇧🇪 Princess Elisabeth celebrates her 22nd birthday today! 🎉 She recently started the final year of her bachelor's degree in history and political science at the University of Oxford,” courtiers captioned the snaps across social media.
In the classroom, Elisabeth is working towards completing a three-year course in history and politics at Lincoln College at Oxford as she prepares for a bright destiny ahead. As the firstborn child of King Philippe and Queen Mathilde, the royal follows her father in the line of succession and is poised to become Belgium's first queen regnant.
Ten years before Elisabeth was born, in 1991, Belgium introduced absolute primogeniture through a new act of succession, ending centuries of male-preference primogeniture. The move paved the way for female descendants of King Albert II, Philippe’s father, to accede for the first time, based on birth order.
Following in her father’s footsteps on the road to the throne, Princess Elisabeth trained at the Royal Military Academy in Brussels in 2020 and continued tradition by taking the officer’s oath in September. The future sovereign swore loyalty to the King, constitution and law in a ceremony attended by her parents, brothers Prince Gabriel, 20, and Prince Emmanuel, 18, and sister Princess Eléonore, 15. The royal family posed for a photo together to mark the banner moment, where Gabriel also wore his uniform as a student of the Royal Military Academy.
Can't get enough of PEOPLE's Royals coverage? Sign up for our free Royals newsletter to get the latest updates on Kate Middleton, Meghan Markle and more!
"Her military career is slightly different to usual," Colonel Thierry Pirenne of the Royal Military Academy told Belgian broadcaster VRT of the princess’ trajectory. “She was obliged to perform certain activities, including stays abroad. To get that all done, choices had to be made. As a result, she unfortunately could not take the full training course at the RMA, but she was able to take the oath."
Princess Elisabeth’s royal responsibilities also come with some glamorous fun — like Prince Christian’s birthday party! The future king of Denmark turned 18 on Oct. 15 and was fêted with a gala at Christiansborg Palace. Royalty from around the world traveled to Copenhagen for the evening event, where Elisabeth was among the future European monarchs who posed for a group picture.
Prince Christian was all smiles with the Duchess of Brabant, Princess Estelle of Sweden, 11, Princess Ingrid Alexandra of Norway, 19, Princess Catharina-Amalia of the Netherlands, 19, and Princess Elisabeth in the snap that the Danish Royal House shared to Instagram. Like Prince Christian, the princesses all follow their parents — Crown Princess Victoria of Sweden, Crown Prince Haakon of Norway and King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands — in the line of succession as their first-born children.
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yago
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3
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https://royalmusingsblogspotcom.blogspot.com/2009/11/death-of-prince-alexandre-of-belgians.html
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en
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Royal Musings: The death of Prince Alexandre of Belgium
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[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Marlene Eilers Koenig"
] | null |
en
|
https://royalmusingsblogspotcom.blogspot.com/favicon.ico
|
https://royalmusingsblogspotcom.blogspot.com/2009/11/death-of-prince-alexandre-of-belgians.html
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25514
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yago
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0
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https://royalwatcherblog.com/feature/
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en
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The Royal Watcher
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[
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[
""
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[] |
2017-12-27T04:26:42+00:00
|
Albania | Austria | Belgium |Bhutan| Britain | Bulgaria| Brunei|Cambodia| Denmark | Egypt | Ethiopia |France | Greece | Germany | Hawaii | India |Italy | Iran | Japan| Jordan| Lesotho|Liechtenstein| Luxembourg| Malaysia | Monaco| Nepal| Norway| Portugal| Qatar| Russia| Romania| Spain| Sweden| The Netherlands |Tonga| Thailand| Yugoslavia Albania Crown Prince Leka II of Albania Crown Princess Elia of Albania Queen Geraldine of Albania Austria Archduke
|
en
|
The Royal Watcher -
|
https://royalwatcherblog.com/feature/
| ||||||
25514
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yago
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https://www.eupedia.com/belgium/high_nobility_of_belgium.shtml
|
en
|
Ducal and princely houses of Belgium
|
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Eupedia
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https://www.eupedia.com/belgium/high_nobility_of_belgium.shtml
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Among the 1,300 families belonging to the Belgian nobility at present, eight of them stand out at the top of the hierachy : the Arenberg, Beaufort-Spontin, Caraman-Chimay, Croÿ, Ligne, Looz-Corswarem, Merode and Ursel. Each of them has shaped the history of the country and left a indelible mark on the national heritage, as for instance with the castles and palaces.
Ranking
Of the eight highest ranking noble families in Belgium, five are ducal and three princely (Caraman-Chimay, Ligne, Merode). The title of duke being always held by the head of the family, other members may have the title of prince (Arenberg, Croÿ), or count (Beaufort-Spontin, Looz-Corswarem, Ursel). Some ruling families were mediatised, and are thus considered as non-ruling monarchies nowadays, with the style of "Serene Highness". This gives them a higher ranking than non-mediatised families.
Arenberg (prince since 1576, duke since 1644, heir of the line of Croÿ-Aerschot, heir of the House of La Marck, mediatised in 1810)
Croÿ (duke since 1767, mediatised in 1806)
Looz-Corswarem (duke since 1792, mediatised in 1806)
Ursel (count since 1638, duke since 1716)
Beaufort-Spontin (count since 1713, duke since 1782)
Ligne (prince since 1601, mediatised in 1806)
Merode (marquess since 1626, prince since 1759)
Caraman-Chimay (prince since 1804)
Other notable Belgian families
We could also mention a few families that do not have the rank of duke or prince, but are nonetheless of considerable historical importance.
This is the case of the Counts of Limburg-Stirum and the Counts of Aspremont-Lynden, who were both sovereign monarchies of the Holy Roman Empire. Their mediatisation occurred before the founding of the Confederation of the Rhine, they are not counted officially as mediatised monarchies. The Limburg-Stirum descends from the Ezzonen dynasty in the 9th century, making them one of the oldest families in Europe.
The Counts of Oultremont can boast to be the only surviving Belgian family to have had a Prince-bishop of Liege from their lineage, in the person of Charles-Nicolas dOultremont (1716-1771).
During French & Belgian Revolutions
In Napoleonic times, allegiances were different according to each family. The Duke of Arenberg supported the Emperor of the French, and married the Emperess' niece. The Duke of Beaufort-Spontin, who was chamberlain of François of Austria-Hungary, supported the Habsburgs. Count Felix of Merode backed the candidacy of Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, who eventually became Leopold I of Belgium.
After the Belgian Revolution, Duke Prosper-Louis of Arenberg was the candidate of the Holy See for the Belgian throne. Duke Frederic of Beaufort-Spontin negociated for a junior branch of the Habsburg to obtain the kingdom. The Prince of Caraman-Chimay was faithfull to the King of the Netherlands, as did the Duke of Looz-Corswarem, who even became chamberlain of the House of Orange-Nassau.
Shortly after the instauration of the Kingdom of Belgium, the Prince of Ligne became President of the Senate (1852-1879), as did later two counts of Merode Westerlo (1885-1892 and 1903-1908), and the 6th Duke of Ursel (1899-1903).
House of Arenberg
Official family website
The House of Arenberg originated in the Eifel region in the Rhineland-Palatinate. The first Count of Arenberg was mentioned in the early 12th century. Although the County itself was in present-day Germany, the Arenberg resided mostly in the Southern Netherlands, in what is now Belgium.
The present Duke and Princes of Arenberg descend from Charles of Arenberg (1550-1616), Count of Arenberg, elevated to the rank of Prince-Count of Arenberg in 1576. In 1587, he married Anne of Croÿ (1564-1635), Duchess of Aerschot and Princess of Chimay. Anne's brother, Charles II de Croÿ (1560-1612), died childless, passing the line of Croÿ-Aerschot to the House of Arenberg.
In 1644, Emperor Ferdinand III of Habsburg conferred the title of Duke of Arenberg to Philip Francis of Arenberg, and his descendents in male primogeniture, and the title of prince to all other family members of the name.
The Arenberg married several times into the powerful La Marck family - the first time in 1299. In 1748, the last Countess of La Marck marries Duke Charles of Arenberg, with all the fortune that accompany this inheritance.
In 1808, Napoleon granted new land to the Duke of Arenberg, who married a niece of Josephine of Beauharnais. The Dukes of Arenberg are since then also Dukes of Meppen and Princes of Recklinghausen. The possession of the Arenberg expanded from 413 km² to 3,388 km². The Arenberg family was mediatised in 1810, which has permitted them to retain the style of HSH (His/Her Serene Highness).
The home of the Arenberg family in Belgium is the castle of Champlon-Famenne in Waha, near Marche-en-Famenne.
House of Beaufort-Spontin
The House of Beaufort-Spontin descends from the Counts of Beaufort, who originated near Huy in the early 11th century. This family split into several branches in Spontin, Goesnes, Vierset, Fallais and Vêves, that is to say in the Condroz region, between Huy and Dinant. The present Counts of Liedekerke-Beaufort descend from the branch of Vêves
The branch of Beaufort-Spontin settled in Freÿr after the marriage of James of Beaufort-Spontin to Mary of Rochefort-Orjol, heiress of Freÿr, in 1410.
Frederic August Alexandre of Beaufort-Spontin (1751-1817), Count of Beaufort, Marquess of Spontin and of Florennes, was elevated to the rank of Duke of Beaufort in 1782. He was the last Governor of the Austrian Netherlands. Chosen Governor of the Netherlands by the Allies in 1814, the Duke of Beaufort-Spontin tried to established a Kingdom of Belgium as early as 1815, with a Habsburg as sovereign.
The family moved to Austria in the late 19th century, where they still live nowadays.
House of Caraman-Chimay
The Princes of Caraman-Chimay descend from the Pierre-Paul de Riquet (1604-1680), creator of the Canal du Midi in the South of France, that connects the Garonne River to the Mediterranean Sea.
His son, Jean-Mathias de Riquet, had grown immensely rich thanks to his father's investment, and was created Baron of Bonrepos. He married a daughter of the Duke of Broglie. His grandson, Victor Maurice de Riquet (1727-1807), was a favourite of King Stanislaw Leszczynski, ruler of Lorraine, and was elevated to the rank Marquess of Caraman. He married a daughter of Alexander of Hénin-Liétard (1681-1745), 12th Prince of Chimay.
They had 9 children, including two sons, who founded the two existing lines of the Caraman family. The eldest, Victor Louis Charles (1762-1839), married a Princess of Merode-Westerlo, and became the 1st Duke of Caraman in 1830. His progeniture bear the surname "de Riquet de Caraman".
Last of the 9 children, François Joseph Philippe (1771-1843), Count of Caraman, went on to be the 16th Prince of Chimay in 1804, after the male heirs of the Hénin-Liétard line had all passed away. The next year, he married, not without scandal, Teresa Cabarrús (1773-1835), a Franco-Spanish beauty better known under the name of Madame Tallien. She was the ex-wife of Jean-Lambert Tallien, a leader of the French Revolution who played a major role in the fall and execution of Maximilien Robespierre.
Joseph and Teresa's first son, Joseph Philippe (1808-1886), 17th Prince of Chimay, was created Prince of Caraman in 1867.
The Caraman-Chimay have been active patrons of the arts, especially in the field of classical music. Numerous celebrated composers played in the opera of the castle of Chimay, such as Schumann, Liszt, Saint-Saëns, Gounod, Auber or Cherubini. Louisa of Caraman-Chimay was a personal friend of Wagner and Liszt, and in her later years the patron of young Russian composers like Borodin, Rimsky-Korsakov or Rubinstein.
Since 2000, Prince Philip of Chimay and his wife have launched an annual festival of Baroque music and songs.
House of Croÿ
Genealogy of the House of Croÿ
The House of Croÿ originated from the castle of Croÿ, in the Belgian province of Hainaut.
Among the more illustrious members of the House of Croÿ were two bishops-dukes of Cambrai, two cardinals (one being also the Archbishop of Toledo and the other being the Archbishop of Rouen), five bishops (those of Therouanne, Tournai, Cammin, Arras, and Ypres), one Prince of Masovia, one Grand-Bouteiller, Grand-Maitre and Marshal of France, one Grand Equerry of the King of Spain, several imperial field marshals and twenty generals, a couple of governors of the Netherlands, one Russian Field-Marshal, as well as numerous ambassadors and senators in France, Austria, Belgium, and thirty two knights of the Order of the Golden Fleece.
Origins
A Hungarian lord allegedly settled in Hainaut in 1147, and married Catherine of Croÿ, heiress to the barony of Croÿ, in 1178. The Croÿ went to acquire the barony d'Airaines by marriage in 1287, and that of Renty in 1345.
One of the most important family member was John I of Croÿ, who served Philip the Bold (1363-1404), Duke of Burgundy, and his son John the Fearless (1371-1419) as councillor and chamberlain. In 1384, he married Marie de Craon, a wealthy heiress. In 1397, John acquired the lordship of Chimay, which was to become a core dominion of the Croÿ family. In 1401, he was appointed Governor of Artois.
John and two of his sons died at the Battle of Agincourt in 1415. One of John's daughter, Agnes of Croÿ, was the mistress of John the Fearless and had an illegitimate child with him, who would become the future Prince-Bishop of Cambrai and Archbishop of Trier.
John's son, Anthony I "the Great" of Croÿ (1385-1475), was Governor General of the Netherlands and Luxembourg, while his brother, John II of Croÿ (1395-1473), Count of Chimay, served as Governor of Hainaut and Namur. Anthony also secured the lordship and peerage of Roeulx. Three years later married a Princess of Lorraine, who brought Arschot to his family as her dowry. He was made Count of Porcean and of Guines by Charles VII of France in 1455.
The House of Croÿ split into five branches in the 15th century. The eldest branch, descending from William I of Croÿ (1458-1521), became known as the Croÿ-Aerschot, which went exctinct into the Princes of Arenberg in the early 17th century. The second and third branches, the Croÿ-Havré, descend from John III's grandson, Charles Philip of Croÿ (1549-1613).
Croÿ-Aerschot (duke from 1515 - extinct in 1635)
William I of Croÿ was the chief tutor and first chamberlain to the future Emperor Charles V. He became the power behind the Spanish throne during his pupil's minority. He obtained the titles of Count of Beaumont, Marquess of Aerschot and Duke of Soria and Arce.
Philip II of Croÿ (1496-1549) became Duke of Aerschot. His son, Charles I of Croÿ, inherited the principality of Chimay from his mother upon her death in 1539.
They were elevated to the rank of Imperial Princes in 1594. A nephew, Anthony III of Croÿ, was elevated to the rank Prince of Porcéan.
Philip III of Croÿ (1526-1595), 3rd Duke of Arschot and Prince of Porcéan, served as Governor-General of Flanders. His son, Charles II of Croÿ (1560-1612), was created Duke of Croÿ by Henri IV of France in 1598. He died childless and the Duchy of Aerschot passed to his sister Anna, who married Karl, Prince of Arenberg.
Croÿ-Havré (prince from 1594, duke from 1627 - extinct in 1839)
Charles I's brother, Charles Philip of Croÿ (1549-1613), a successful imperial general, was created Prince of the Holy Roman Empire in 1594. It was the first time when a simple baron was admitted among Princes of the Empire.
His son, Charles Alexandre of Croÿ (1581-1624) , Marquess of Havré, inherited the title of Prince of Croÿ from his father, that of Count of Fontenoy from his mother, and that of Duke of Croÿ from his childless cousin. He served as a hereditary marshal of the Holy Empire, and chamberlain of Archduke Albert of Austria, Governor of Netherlands.
His only daughter, Marie Claire (1605-1664), married a distant cousin, Charles Philip de Croÿ, Marquess of Renty. then his brother Philip Francis of Croÿ, Count of Solre (see "Croÿ-Solre" below), so as to preclude the family estates from passing to another family. Philip III of Spain raised her marquessate of Havré to a dukedom. Her son by the second marriage, Ferdinand Francis Joseph of Croÿ-Solre, inherited the ducal title.
This line came to an end in 1839, when the 7th Duke of Havré and Croÿ died in Paris aged 95, having outlived all of his sons.. His sister, Louise Elisabeth of Croÿ-Havré (1749-1832), was a close friend of Queen Marie Antoinette, and served as Royal Governess, with particular care for the future Louis XVII. She narrowly escaped the guillotine during the French Revolution and remains well known for her memoirs.
Croÿ-Roeulx (duke from 1684 - extinct in 1767)
The 1st Count of Roeulx, Adrian of Croÿ, served as Governor of Flanders and Artois. In 1609, the senior line of the Counts of Roeulx went extinct, and the county passed to a cadet line, represented by Eustache of Croÿ (1608-73), Governor of Lille and Douai.
His son, Ferdinand Gaston Lamoral of Croÿ, unexpectedly succeeded to the Duchy of Croÿ in 1684, when the most senior member of the house, Ernst Bogislaw von Croÿ, died in Königsberg.
After Ferdinand's grandson, 6th Duke of Croÿ, died childless at Le Roeulx in 1767, the line of Croÿ-Roeulx expired and the chateau du Roeulx together with the ducal title passed to the line of Croÿ-Solre (see below).
Croÿ-Solre (prince since 1486, duke since 1767)
This branch was based in the town of Chimay. In 1486, Emperor Maximilian elevated the county of Chimay to a principality and admitted Charles of Croÿ into the Imperial Diet (parliament of the Holy Roman Empire), a hereditary seat that the family kept until the Diet's dissolution in 1806.
The title of 'Prince of Chimay' passed to the Hénin-Liétard, then to the Riquet-Caraman (see "Caraman-Chimay" above).
Upon the death of the 6th Duke of Croÿ in 1767 (see "Croÿ-Roeulx" above), the dukedom passed to the Croÿ-Solre. From the 10th Duke's children, the House of Croÿ-Solre split into 7 main branches. The eldest branch is based in Westphalia, Germany. The head of the family is presently the 15th Duke, Rudolf von Croÿ (born in 1955). The second branch is located in Bohemia (Czech Republic), the third in France, and the seventh in Austria. The three others have remained in Belgium. The title of Prince of Croÿ-Roeulx was re-created in 1927 for the fifth branch, who kept the ancestral Castle of Roeulx. The same was done for the fourth branch with the title of Prince of Croÿ-Solre in 1933.
House of Ligne
Originating from the village of Ligne, between Tournai and Ath, in the 11th century, the lords of Ligne fought alongside the Count of Hainaut during the Crusades, and are made barons in the 11th century. They distinguish themselves at the battle of Bouvignes in 1214. Three centuries later, the House of Ligne receives the titles of Counts of Fauquemberghe and Princes of Épinoy.
The first Prince of Ligne was Lamoral I (1563-1624), a diplomat made Prince of the Holy Roman Empire by Emperor Rudolf II in 1601, then first-class Grandee of Spain and Knight of the Golden Fleece by King Philip IV of Spain. Lamoral married Marie of Melun, Marchioness of Roubaix et Baroness of Antoing.
Claude-Lamoral I of Ligne (1618-1679) was a diplomat working for the King of Spain. He is remembered for his official visit to London in 1660, where he was received in great pomp by King Charles II. In 1669, he would serve as viceroy of Sicily.
Claude Lamoral II (1685-1766), sixth prince of Ligne, spent millions to expand the family castle of Beloeil, with a particular emphasis on the park and gardens, inspired by Versailles.
House of Looz-Corswarem
The Corswarem are an old family of knights from the Hesbaye (Haspengouw) region, between Huy and Sint-Truiden.
Francis II of Corswaren (1628-1694) obtained the rank of baron. His son, Joseph married his second cousin Madeleine Thérèse of Corswarem. He was made count and added the name "Looz" in front of "Corswarem", to show the family connection with the prestigious Counts of Looz (or Loon in Dutch). The Knights of Menten, marrying into the Looz-Corswarem family, would do the same a few generations later, adding "de Hornes" to their surname, displaying the heritage of the no less famous Counts of Hornes.
William Joseph of Looz-Corswarem (1732-1803), Count of Niel, was created Duke of Looz-Corswarem in 1792. He obtained the sovereignty of the state of Rheina-Wolbeck between 1803 and 1806 in compensation for the annexation of his lands in the Southern Netherlands by France.
His grandson, Charles of Looz-Corswarem (1804-1896), served as chamberlain of the King of the Netherlands.
Note that only the head of the Looz Corswarem family bears the title of duke, while his children are princes, and other family members are counts. The duke and his children now reside in France.
House of Merode
This very influencial family traces its roots to the village of Merode, near Düren, between Aachen and Köln, in North Rhineland.
The marriage between Richard von Merode, Baron of the Holy Roman Empire, and Margareth van Wesemael marked a new age in the familys history. Due to this marriage the house of Merode inherited important domains in Brabant, such as Westerlo, and the County of Oolen. Jean II de Mérode married with Adelheid van Hoorn in 1451 and brought also Gheel, Diepenbeek and Duffel into the possession of the family. Through these and other marriages the Merode family became one of the most important noble families in the duchy of Brabant.
In 1626, the title of Marquess of Westerlo was granted to Philip I of Merode by King Philip IV of Spain. His great-grandson Jean-Philippe-Eugène (1674-1732) would become field Marshall and Knight of the Golden Fleece.
In the 18th century, the branch of Merode-Westerlo gained great wealth and power due to the extinction of other side-branches of the house (Merode-Houffalize, Merode-Deinze, Merode Montfort) and a few more advantageous marriages. Through marriage they acquired the domains and titles of 'Prince of Rubempré', 'Prince of Everberg', 'Prince of Grimbergen' and Marquess of Trélon.
Charles Guillaume Ghislain of Merode-Westerlo (1762-1830) had been active as a minister under Austrian rule from 1787 and would hold several other important political posts under successive regimes, such as Mayor of Brussels from 1805, and Senator of the French Empire from 1809. In 1815, he became Grand Marshall of the court of King William I of the Netherlands when the Belgian provinces were part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands.
Frederic of Merode was the first member of the high Belgian nobility killed during the Belgian revolution, and as such is considered a national hero. His brother, Felix of Merode, became an important member of the Provisional Government of Belgium and the Belgian National Congress.
Although the Merode have been Princes of Rubempré, Everberghe and Grimberghe since 18th century, the title of Prince of Merode was only created in 1929, and extended to all family members in 1930.
House of Ursel
The Ursel descend in direct line from the Schetz, a German family from Hesse established in Hasselt and Maastricht in the 15th century, and in Antwerp the following century.
Erasmus Schetz (1480-1550) quickly became a leading merchant in the city , dealing in things as diverse as metals, Brazilian sugar, and cereals. He was ennobled in 1527, and acquired the seigneury of Grobbendonk in 1545.
His eldest son, Gaspar Schetz (1513-1580), became officer of the King, then general treasurer of The Netherlands. This lucrative position, combined with the family business, allowed him to purchase more land in Wezemaal, Heyst and Hingene. His second wife was Catherine van Ursel, daughter of the mayor of Antwerp, Lancelot van Ursel.
Their first son, Conrard Schetz (1553-1632), Lord of Hingene, obtained the title of baron of Hoboken in 1600. He was adopted by his maternal aunt and changed his surname to "van Ursel" (or dUrsel in French) in 1617. His son, Conrard d'Ursel (1592-1659) was created count of the Holy Empire in 1638. Two generation later Conrard-Albert (1665-1738), governor of the county of Namur, was made Duke of Ursel (1716) and Duke of Hoboken (1717). He married Princess Eleonore of Salm, from the influencial House of Salm.
The second duke served as a military governor of Brussels, while the third was a general. The 4th Duke of Ursel was mayor of Brussels under Napoleon, then minister and Grand Master of the Queens House under King William of the Netherlands, and ended his political career as senator of the newly founded Kingdom of Belgium. All the present members of the family are descended from the 4th Duke and his wife Louise-Victoire-Marie-Josèphe-Françoise Ferrero-Fieschi, Princess of Masserano.
Note that only the head of the Ursel family bears the title of duke, while other family members are counts.
Ducal and princely castles of Belgium
List of castles and palaces belonging or having belonged to the following families.
Arenberg
Palace of Arenberg/Egmont, Brussels
The Palace of Egmont was built as the residence of the Arenberg in Brussels. It now houses the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Castle of Aigremont
Castle of Beersel
Castle of Bouchout
Other castles in Belgium
Castle of Champlon-Famenne : the present residence of the family, near Marche.
Nieuw-Arenbergpolder, province of Antwerp
Castle of Barbançon, province of Hainaut
Castle of Beveren, province of Antwerp
Castle of Ecaussines-Lalaing, province of Hainaut
Castle of Enghien, province of Hainaut
Castle of Hautepenne, province of Liege
Castle of Heverlee, province of Flemish Brabant
Castle of Loenhout, province of Antwerp
Castle of Marches-les-Dames, province of Namur
Castle of Mirwart, province of Luxembourg
Castle of Opprebais, province of Walloon Brabant
De Toren van Rotselaar, province of Flemish Brabant
Castle Vorselaar, province of Antwerp
Castle of Wisbecq, province of Walloon Brabant
Other castles outside Belgium
Burg Arenberg, North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany)
Castle of Arlay, Jura (France)
Castle Clemenswerth, North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany)
Palace of Custozza, Veneto (Italy)
Castle Ivanka, Moravia (Czech Republic)
Castle Kokorin, Bohemia (Czech Republic)
Castle of Menetou-Salon, Berry (France)
Castle Meysemburg (Luxembourg)
Castle Nordkirchen, North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany)
Castle Paschlawitz, Moravia (Czech Republic)
Castle Pesch, North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany)
Castle of Raismes, Nord (France)
Castle Salzburg (Austria)
Castle Schleiden, North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany)
Castle Stadl, Steiermark (Austria)
Castle Wedde, province of Groningen (Netherlands)
Palace Wien (Austria)
Beaufort-Spontin
Castle of Freÿr
Main residence of the Beaufort-Spontin from 1410 to 1836.
Castle of Spontin
Other castles outside Belgium
Castle Becov nad Teplou (Czech Republic)
Caraman-Chimay
Castle of Chimay
Croÿ
Castle of Le Roeulx
Castle of Chimay
Castle of Solre-sur-Sambre
Other castles in Belgium
Castle of Ecaussines-Lalaing, province of Hainaut
Castle of Feluy, province of Hainaut
Castle of Heverlee, province of Flemish Brabant
Castle of Rumilies, province of Hainaut
Castles outside Belgium
Castle of Aarle-Rixtel, North Brabant (Netherlands)
Castle of Azy, Nièvre (France)
Castle of Bellignies, Nord (France)
Castle of Calvières, Gard (France)
Castle of L'Hermitage, Nord (France)
Castle of Porcien, Ardennes (France)
Ligne
Castle of Beloeil
Castle of Antoing
Looz-Corswarem
Castles in Belgium
Castle of Avin, province of Liege
Castle of Buvrinnes, province of Hainaut
Castle of Hoogveld, province of East Flanders
Castle of Jolimay, province of Hainaut
Castles outside Belgium
Castle of Occoches, Somme (France)
Merode
Castle of Rixensart
Castle of Westerlo
Castle of Beersel
Castle of Crupet
Castle of Haltinne
Castle of Horst
Castle of Jehay
Castle of Lavaux-Sainte-Anne
Castle of Grimbergen
Castle of Solre-sur-Sambre
Other castles in Belgium
Castle of Argenteau, province of Liege
Castle of Braives, province of Liege
Castle of Bury, province of Hainaut
Castle of Carlsbourg, province of Luxembourg
Castle of Everberg, province of Flemish Brabant
Castle of Veulen/Fologne, province of Limburg
Castle of Habay, province of Luxembourg
Castle of Ham-sur-Heure (from 1489 to 1941), province of Hainaut
Castle of Houffalize, province of Luxembourg
Castle of Leefdaal, province of Flemish Brabant
Castle of Loverval, province of Hainaut
Castle of Marbais, province of Walloon Brabant
Castle of Morialmé, province of Namur
Castle of Neffe, province of Namur
Château of Ossogne. province of Namur
Castle of Petegem, province of East Flanders
Castle of Pietersheim, province of Limburg
Castle of Resteigne, province of Luxembourg
Castle of Drongen/Tronchiennes, province of East Flanders
Castle of Waroux, province of Liege
Other castles outside Belgium
Castle of Borgharen, province of Limburg (Netherlands)
Castle of Fournes, Nord (France)
Castle of Guignicourt, Ardennes (France)
Merode Castle, North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany)
Castle of Serrant, Maine & Loire (France)
Castle of Serrigny, Burgundy (France)
Castle of Trelon, Nord (France)
Ursel
Castle of Durbuy
Other castles in Belgium
Castle of Hingene, province of Antwerp : the ducal castle of Ursel, erected in the early 17th century and remodelled in 1760, and located between Antwerp and Mechelen.
Castle of Bercuit, province of Walloon Brabant
Castle of Beerlegem, province of East Flanders
Castle of Ecaussines-Lalaing, province of Hainaut
Castle of Fontaine, province of Namur
Castle of Fontaine-Libion, province of Namur
Castle of Grobbendonck, province of Antwerp
Castle Gruuthuyse, province of West Flanders
Castle of Heylissem, province of Walloon Brabant
Castle of Hex, province of Limburg
Castle of Hoboken, province of Antwerp
Castle of Moulbaix, province of Hainaut
Castle of Wezemaal, province of Flemish Brabant
Other castles outside Belgium
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https://www.flickr.com/photos/93207294%40N04/48887302396
|
en
|
Mercedes 500 SL - 1990
|
[
"https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/48887302396_11dfc0ca08.jpg",
"https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/48887302396_11dfc0ca08.jpg"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
"slclass",
"slklasse",
"sl500",
"1990",
"carsofthebelgianroyalfamily",
"auto",
"automobil",
"automobile",
"automobiles",
"car",
"voiture",
"vehicle",
"véhicule",
"wagen",
"pkw",
"automotive",
"ausstellung",
"exhibition",
"exposition",
"expo",
"verkehrausstellung",
"messe",
"autoshow",
"autosalon",
"motorshow",
"carshow",
"nikon",
"df",
"d700",
"2019",
"knokke",
"zoute",
"belgië",
"belgique",
"belgium",
"belgien",
"belgica",
"theroyalzoutegolfclub",
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"zouteconcoursdelegance",
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"klassiker",
"cabriolet",
"convertible",
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"dhc",
"cabrio",
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"roadster",
"barchetta",
"spyder",
"spider",
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"mercedes",
"mercedesbenz",
"daimler",
"daimlerbenz",
"stuttgart",
"duitsland",
"germany",
"allemange",
"deutschland"
] | null |
[
"Flickr",
"Perico001"
] |
2024-08-21T11:21:39.364000+00:00
|
R129
The Belgian Royal family always had a keen eye for fine motor cars. King Albert 1 was known as a vivid driver. King Leopold III owned various Bugatti's and Ferrari's. King Baudoin liked to drive his Aston martin DB2 and enjoyed his Volkswagen Golf 1 GTI very much. King Albert II picked up his fiancée Princess Paola at the Brussels airport in his BMW 507. This bespoke Mercedes 500 SL was owned by Princess Lea, born Léa Wolman, wife of Prince Alexander, son of King Leopold III and his second wife Princess Liliane de Réthy.
Class XII : Cars of the Belgian Royal Family
Zoute Concours d'Elegance
The Royal Zoute Golf Club
Zoute Grand Prix 2019
Knokke - Zoute
België - Belgium
October 2019
|
en
|
https://combo.staticflickr.com/pw/favicon.ico
|
Flickr
|
https://www.flickr.com/photos/93207294@N04/48887302396
|
R129
The Belgian Royal family always had a keen eye for fine motor cars. King Albert 1 was known as a vivid driver. King Leopold III owned various Bugatti's and Ferrari's. King Baudoin liked to drive his Aston martin DB2 and enjoyed his Volkswagen Golf 1 GTI very much. King Albert II picked up his fiancée Princess Paola at the Brussels airport in his BMW 507. This bespoke Mercedes 500 SL was owned by Princess Lea, born Léa Wolman, wife of Prince Alexander, son of King Leopold III and his second wife Princess Liliane de Réthy.
Class XII : Cars of the Belgian Royal Family
Zoute Concours d'Elegance
The Royal Zoute Golf Club
Zoute Grand Prix 2019
Knokke - Zoute
België - Belgium
October 2019
|
||||
25514
|
yago
|
3
| 42 |
https://www.harpersbazaar.com/celebrity/latest/a46788537/next-generation-young-royals-explained/
|
en
|
25 Young Royals in the Next Generation of Royalty
|
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2024-02-29T22:28:36.459658-05:00
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From fashion It girls to TikTokers and handsome polo players, there's a little bit of everything on this aristocratic list.
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en
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/_assets/design-tokens/harpersbazaar/static/images/favicon.9d827eb.ico
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Harper's BAZAAR
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https://www.harpersbazaar.com/celebrity/latest/a46788537/next-generation-young-royals-explained/
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Royalty-watchers in the United States keep a close eye on the British monarchy: King Charles III and Queen Consort Camilla, heir to the throne Prince William and Princess Kate, their Wales children (especially amid the ongoing Kate drama), and Montecito residents Prince Harry and Duchess Meghan and their kids. We often remember the late Queen Elizabeth II and Princess Diana. And we regularly highlight peripheral British royals like Princess Eugenie and sister Princess Beatrice. But while the Brits may be the most popular and influential royals among Americans, there are actually quite a few royal families left in the world—some reigning, some not.
While many of these aristocrats are largely unknown in the U.S., social media has increasingly brought the younger, next-generation HRHs to our attention. Some are full-on monarchs. Some are fashion It girls, models, designers, artists, accomplished athletes, or dedicated philanthropists. And some are just-plain-chic socialites and TikTokers.
Ahead, the 25 coolest young royals to know.
1. Pauline Ducruet of Monaco
Pauline Ducruet is basically a modern Renaissance woman. The 29-year-old royal is the niece of Prince Albert II of Monaco, the younger child of Princess Stéphanie, and the granddaughter of actor and fashion icon Princess Grace of Monaco, a.k.a Grace Kelly. And she is a total jack-of-all-trades.
In 2001, after her mother became romantically involved with an elephant trainer, Pauline and her half sister Camille moved into a circus caravan, where Pauline quickly took to circus acts. She began performing in some of the shows, and even after her family returned to the palace, she decided to become an acrobat. But that isn’t the only physical vocation Pauline shines in—she is also a competitive diver. In 2010, she competed in the Summer Youth Olympics in Singapore, represented Monaco at the World Junior Diving Championships in Germany, participated in the European Junior Swimming and Diving Championships in Finland, and was nominated for the Sportsperson of the Year award for the 2009–10 season.
Now, she serves as CEO and creative director of gender-inclusive clothing brand Alter Designs. Inspired by her mother and grandmother, Pauline developed a taste for fashion that she pursued by joining the Istituto Marangoni in Paris, studying at Parsons School of Design, and interning for Louis Vuitton. She founded Alter in 2018 and has since showcased her designs at Paris Fashion Week.
She is 16th in line to the Monegasque throne and has 83,000 followers on Instagram.
2. Queen Jetsun Pema
The queen of Bhutan married into royalty at just 21 years old and today, at 33, remains the youngest queen consort in the world, as wife to King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck. Her Majesty attended Regent’s College in London, where she studied psychology, art history, and international relations; since then, she has accrued a full résumé of environmental and public health work.
Jetsun Pema is president of the Bhutan Red Cross Society, the United Nations Environment Program Ozone ambassador, and the royal patron of the Ability Bhutan Society, which was founded with her support. She is a World Wildlife Fund ambassador and works closely with the National Environment Commission, Royal Society for Protection of Nature, Clean Bhutan, and and other government and nongovernment agencies focused on conservation and other important environmental matters.
On Instagram, the queen has a fabulous 313,000 followers, and like a true committed mom, she posts mostly her kids: heir to the throne Gyalsey Jigme Namgyel Wangchuck, Jigme Ugyen, and Sonam Yangden.
3. Lady Amelia Windsor
The chic, ultra-cool Lady Amelia is a granddaughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, Queen Elizabeth II’s first cousin. She is the youngest of three siblings, and the daughter of George Windsor, Earl of St. Andrews, and Sylvana Tomaselli, a Canadian academic and historian.
A model who has walked in fashion shows for major brands including Dolce & Gabbana, Lady Amelia has also even done some fashion collaborations as a designer. When she’s not behind the scenes, she’s on the front row at fashion shows, or showing off her own slouchy, effortless style on Instagram, where she has 102,000 followers.
The 28-year-old is 43rd in line to the British throne.
4. Prince Abdul Mateen
The 32-year-old prince of the South Asian nation of Brunei studied international studies and diplomacy at the University of London. Abdul Mateen is sixth in the line of succession to the Bruneian throne.
In January 2024, he married Anisha Rosnah binti Adam, 29, in the most spectacular 10-day ceremony, filled with plenty of luxurious fashion moments. The two have known each other since they were toddlers, as Anisha is the granddaughter of Pehin Dato Isa, special adviser to Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah and founding chairman of Royal Brunei Airlines. (Go to the last slide of this post for a sweet photo of them together when they were babies.)
He may be taken, but with 3.2 million Instagram followers, Abdul is known around the world—mostly on social media—as “the hot prince.” (It may have something to do with his sweaty workout pics.) He is also an award-winning polo player, trained helicopter pilot and major in the Royal Brunei Air Force, and known daredevil—see here for a video of him jumping out of a plane in the desert. That’s all.
5. Princess Leonor of Spain
Spain’s beloved young royal Princess Leonor, elder daughter of King Felipe VI and Queen Letizia—and therefore first in line to the Spanish throne—had an incredible 2023. As the heir to the throne, Leonor swore her allegiance to the Spanish Constitution before the Spanish parliament in celebration of her 18th birthday in November. The event paved the way for her eventual succession as queen, and since then, she has taken to her royal duties swimmingly.
In January 2024, she debuted at the Pascua Military ceremony, commemorating the start of a new military year. She is currently enrolled at the General Military Academy of Zaragoza, where she will complete three years of military training.
Leonor has one sibling, sister Infanta Sofía of Spain, 16. Neither of them has a public Instagram account.
6. Victoria de Marichalar y Borbón of Spain
Victoria, 23, is the granddaughter of former King Juan Carlos, the niece of King Felipe, and an emerging fashion star.
Victoria maintains a strong Instagram presence, with 269,000 followers on the platform, where she documents her world travels, modeling gigs, and attendance at fashion galas—all of which has quickly earned her “It girl” status. The royal, who is fifth in line to the Spanish throne, has also appeared on the cover of Elle Spain. Inspired by her father, Jaime de Marichalar, who has worked in the fashion industry as an advisor to LVMH founder and CEO Bernard Arnault, Victoria earned a degree in business administration and management at Madrid’s College for International Studies and hopes to follow in his footsteps.
She is also quite the equestrian, having ridden competitively.
7. Arthur Chatto
The handsome Arthur Chatto, 25, is the grandson of Princess Margaret (younger sister of Queen Elizabeth II) and the son of Lady Sarah Chatto and British artist David Chatto. He has an older brother, 27-year-old Sam.
Arthur studied geography at the University of Edinburgh, where he became a personal trainer for BoundFitness, and later joined the Royal Marines with the intention to become an officer. He attended the late Queen Elizabeth II’s funeral in uniform.
In a testament to his athletic abilities, in 2020, Arthur and his rowing team became the youngest people to complete the GB Row Challenge, which earned them a Guinness World Record. He is also an ocean philanthropist who has pledged his support to the charity Just One Ocean, and a brand ambassador for Elliot Brown and Jöttnar.
Oh, and here he is as a kid with relatives Prince William and Prince Harry:
8. Princess Maria-Olympia of Greece and Denmark
Princess Maria-Olympia of Greece and Denmark is a model, socialite, and member of the non-reigning Greek royal family. She is the oldest child and only daughter of Pavlos, crown prince of Greece, and his wife, Marie-Chantal Miller.
The 27-year-old is one of the most well-known royal It girls, and tends to spend time with fellow influencer royals from around the world, including Talita von Fürstenberg and Lady Amelia Windsor. The beauty and fashion model is managed by Untitled Entertainment, and has done ad campaigns for major brands, including, most recently, Louis Vuitton.
Fun fact: She used to date Peregrine Pearson, actor Sophie Turner’s new beau.
The ultra-cool princess has nearly 300,000 followers on Instagram and is also quite active on TikTok, where she regularly posts funny snippets from her life, beauty routines, and more.
9. Prince Achileas-Andreas of Greece and Denmark
Prince Achileas-Andreas is a socialite, actor, and member of the non-reigning Greek royal family and the extended Danish royal family. He is one of five children of Greece’s Crown Prince Pavlos (eldest son and second child of King Constantine II, the last king of Greece, who died last year and was the godfather of Prince William) and Marie-Chantal Miller: Olympia, 27, Constantine, 25, Achileas, 23, Odysseas, 19. and Aristides, 15.
Achileas has appeared in several episodes of the soap opera The Bold and the Beautiful, as well as short film Just Noise, and has gained influencer status on Instagram with 411,000 followers. In May 2023, the NYC-born royal graduated with a bachelor’s degree from New York University. alongside his girlfriend Isabella Massenet (daughter of Dame Natalie, founder of Net-a-Porter).
The Greek monarchy is now symbolic and no longer rules. But the royal family is very active on TikTok, so on the family’s page, you can delight in cute videos of Achileas (or “Achi”) doing things like or with his brother.
10. Prince Odysseas-Kimon of Greece and Denmark
Odysseas-Kimon is the fourth child of Pavlos and Marie-Chantal. The 19-year-old recently followed in older brother Achi’s footsteps and enrolled at New York University. Since his parents live in a mansion on Manhattan’s Upper East Side and several of his siblings also live in NYC, he is close to family.
Apart from being a student, the young prince also runs a cool streetwear brand called Gallows Humour. His Instagram feed is pretty limited, but he’s still got nearly 16,000 followers.
11. Princess Ingrid Alexandra of Norway
Princess Ingrid Alexandra, 20, is second in line for the Norwegian throne after her father, Crown Prince Haakon; if and when she eventually takes the throne, she will become Norway’s first female monarch in centuries.
Outside of her royal duties, she is an avid skier and surfer (she won the women’s national junior surfing championship in 2020) and a bit of an adrenaline junkie—she crossed parachute jumping off her bucket list on her 19th birthday.
12. Leah Behn of Norway
Leah Behn, 18, the daughter of Princess Märtha Louise of Norway, may be sixth in line for the Norwegian throne, but she is already the queen of #GetReadyWithMe videos.
Always on the front row at Oslo Fashion Week, the royal It girl has been living her best life and documenting it all on and Instagram, where she has amassed 419,000 and 127,000 followers, respectively. Her Pinterest-worthy content includes makeup tutorials, moments from her world travels, and snaps of her fabulous wardrobe.
She made her red-carpet debut at a 2021 Kylie Cosmetics event and won the Best Beauty Influencer of the Year Award at Norway’s Vixen Awards the same year.
13. Princess Alexandra of Hanover
Alexandra, 24, is the daughter of Princess Caroline of Monaco and the niece of Prince Albert II. She is skilled on the ice, having represented Monaco at the European Youth Olympics in figure skating. Now, you can commonly find her sitting front row at fashion shows—including at Couture Week in Paris in February 2024.
14. Princess Elisabeth of Belgium
Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant, 22, daughter of King Philippe and Queen Mathilde, is the heir to the Belgian throne. She is a student at Oxford University, where she is working toward a bachelor’s degree in history and political science—as well as a student of the world, fluent in Dutch, French, German, and English. The royal is also quite outdoorsy, as she enjoys skiing, rowing, and sailing.
15. Tunku Abdul Rahman Sultan Ibrahim of Johor
Tunku Abdul Rahman Sultan Ibrahim, 31—the fifth son of Sultan Ibrahim Ismail of the Malaysian state of Johor—is a royal with a need for speed. Tunku is a Formula One race car driver and an official Red Bull athlete. He swept the Yas Marina Circuit in February 2024, placing first in both Abu Dhabi races and being named overall vice champion in the Asian Le Mans Series.
16. Princess Iman Bint Abdullah of Jordan
Princess Iman, 27, is the eldest daughter of King Abdullah II and Queen Rania; as Jordanian tradition dictates, she is not in line for the throne, as only male Muslim heirs are eligible.
Without the crown on her mind, the royal has taken to many sporty and academic hobbies. She is a gifted equestrian and was even named the best athlete in her graduating class at International Academy Amman. She went on to study at New York’s Parsons School of Design. Iman was the first of her three siblings to marry; she tied the knot last spring with Jameel Alexander Thermiotis, a managing partner of Greek descent at a New York venture capital firm. For the special day, she looked gorgeous in a long-sleeved gown with lace details on the cuffs and a mock neck, by Dior.
Speaking of gorgeous, the princess is a spitting image of her mom.
17. Princess Aiko of Japan
Princess Aiko, 22, the only child of Emperor Naruhito, is not in line for the throne (as Japanese tradition allows only men to reign), but she has the disposition of a leader regardless. In addition to fulfilling her official duties as a member of the Japanese imperial family, Aiko is in her final year at Gakushuin University studying Japanese language and literature. Come her graduation in April 2024, she plans to work for the Japanese Red Cross Society, as she holds causes like helping survivors of natural disasters close to her heart.
18. Princess Alexandra of Luxembourg
Princess Alexandra, 33, the only daughter of the Grand Duke and Duchess of Luxembourg and sixth in line for the throne, is a language chameleon—fluent in Luxembourgish, French, English, and Spanish, and proficient in German and Italian. She has the worldly experience to match, as she studied psychology and social sciences in the United States, France, and Ireland; worked as a journalist in the Middle East; and interned at the United Nations in New York. She is also a master on the tennis court. Oh, and she’s pregnant! She and husband Nicolas Bagory will welcome their first child this spring.
19. Princess Catharina-Amalia of Orange
The 20-year-old, whose parents are King Willem-Alexander and Queen Máxima, is the heir apparent to the throne of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which includes the Caribbean countries of Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten. The princess has two younger sisters, Princess Alexia and Princess Ariane.
Amalia is currently studying PPLE—politics, psychology, law, and economics—at the University of Amsterdam. During her first summer break, she worked at a beach bar in The Hague.
The young princess has often championed mental health and LGBTQIA+ issues in her charity work. Her very royal hobbies include riding, tennis, and singing.
20. Countess Eloise of Orange-Nassau
Countess Eloise, 21, is the first child and daughter of Prince Constantijn and Princess Laurentien of the Netherlands, and sixth in the line of succession to the Dutch throne. She is the only royal member of the family known to have an open Instagram account and often sells vintage clothes via the app, where she has 440,000 followers.
The royal is studying at the Hotel School in Amsterdam, and in 2021, she published a, Learning by Doing, about clothing, student life, and food.
21. Princess Carolina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
This 20-year-old princess is quite accomplished. Currently living between Paris, Monte Carlo, and Rome, she speaks six languages fluently (English, French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, and Russian), works on various charitable endeavors, is active in several sports, and is studying acting. She made her film debut in 2014’s Grace of Monaco, next to Hollywood veteran Nicole Kidman. She has walked the red carpet at the Venice and Cannes film festivals, regularly sits front row at fashion shows around the world, and keeps a fabulous account of her adventures on Instagram, where she has 139,000 followers.
Unfortunately, Carolina and her sister, Maria Chiara, are not technically in line to the throne, as succession to lead the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies is limited to male heirs.
22. Princess Maria Chiara of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
A fashion influencer and philanthropist with a cool 104,000 Instagram followers, this 19-year-old is the younger sister of Carolina, and also lives between Paris, Monte Carlo, and Rome. Apart from being a regular at Fashion Weeks around the world, she also spends much time working with multiple charities—for example, she is an ambassador for France and Italy for the World Wildlife Fund.
In her free time, she plays piano, does judo (for which she has won medals), and plays tennis (for which she has won several trophies at the Monte-Carlo Country Club). She also speaks six languages, like her older sister.
23. Cassius Taylor
Cassius Taylor is the son of artists Timothy Taylor and Lady Helen Taylor, whose father, Prince Edward, was Queen Elizabeth II’s cousin.
At 49th in line to the British throne—and therefore not too worried about ever having to lead the country—the young prince is into the arts. He studied arts management (specializing in music and art business) at Goldsmiths, University of London, and in 2022 founded Telltale, an “experiential consultancy” platform offering DJ sets around the world.
It’s no surprise, then, that the cool royal runs in high-profile circles; one of his close friends is Rafferty Law (son of actor Jude Law).
24. Princess Sophie-Alexandra of Bavaria
Princess Sophie-Alexandra, 34, gained royal status in May 2023 when she tied the knot with Prince Ludwig Heinrich of Bavaria, 40, great-grandson of the German state’s last monarch, King Ludwig III. The two celebrated their union with a gorgeous wedding in Munich, the Bavarian capital.
The princess, who was born in Singapore and is a dual Dutch-Canadian citizen, is an academic powerhouse. After graduating with a bachelor’s degree in politics and East European studies from University College London, she earned a master’s from the University of Oxford, and is currently a part-time doctoral candidate in criminology at Oxford. Her work focuses on justice, violence prevention, and women’s rights.
Passionate about her charity work, the royal is a dedicated ambassador for the Children’s Oncology Support Fund, and in February 2024 attended the Aspen Snow Ball hosted by champagne Taittinger, which raised funds for children with cancer.
25. Princess Talita Natasha von Fürstenberg
Last but not least, there is TVF. The chic young granddaughter of wrap-dress icon Diane von Fürstenberg is known professionally as Talita von Furstenberg, 24. She is a socialite, model, and fashion designer currently working for her grandma and launching DVF, the brand, into the modern It Girl era—Talita herself being an It Girl and all.
As fashion insiders know, designer Diane was once a princess, as she was married to Prince Egon zu Fürstenberg of Germany—the eldest son of Prince Tassilo zu Fürstenberg and Fiat heiress Clara Agnelli—from 1969 to 1983.
And although Diane no longer has royal status, Talita is a princess because she is the daughter of Princess Alexandra and Diane and Egon’s son, Prince Alexander von Fürstenberg. On her father’s side, Talita is a member of the German Princely Family of Fürstenberg and an Italian Agnelli family heiress. (Her great-great-grandparents were Edoardo Agnelli and Virginia Bourbon del Monte.)
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https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/royalty-obituaries/6835065/HRH-Prince-Alexandre-of-the-Belgians.html
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HRH Prince Alexandre of the Belgians
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2009-12-17T17:44:00+00:00
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HRH Prince Alexandre of the Belgians, who has died aged 67, was the half-brother of King Albert II and son of the late King Leopold III of the Belgians.
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The Telegraph
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https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/royalty-obituaries/6835065/HRH-Prince-Alexandre-of-the-Belgians.html
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He was born at the Chateau of Laeken on July 18 1942 and christened Alexandre Emmanuel Henri Albert Marie Leopold. The eldest of the three children of Leopold's second marriage, to Liliane Baels, he was also half-brother to the late King Baudouin.
Despite, or perhaps because of, this gilded heritage, Alexandre's life was difficult from the start. The Belgian people resented their king marrying again. They had been devoted to Queen Astrid, his Swedish wife, and her death in a car accident in 1935 prompted great public grief. Many had sympathised with the king in his period of lonely dedication to his work, but few felt the same when he remarried in 1941. A banner headline in a Belgian paper read: "Sire, we thought you shared our grief, but you buried your sorrow in the shoulders of another woman."
Alexandre and his younger sister Marie-Christine were born of the marriage when their father was still king. He was deemed unfit to reign by his government after surrendering to the Nazis and ultimately abdicated in 1951. Another sister, Princess Maria-Esmeralda, was born in 1956. All three were recognised as members of the Belgian Royal family, but excluded from any rights to the throne.
Shortly before Belgium was liberated by the Allies in September 1944, the Belgian Royal family were deported to Nazi Germany and guarded by 70 members of the SS. They ate inadequate food and lived in fear of imminent death (not without reason, with one of their captors apparently attempting to feed them cyanide disguised as vitamin pills). Later they were transferred to Austria, and, after liberation by the US Army, settled at Prégny, in Switzerland.
King Leopold was eventually allowed back to Brussels in July 1950, but, after serious rioting, was soon forced to abdicate in favour of Prince Baudouin. After the marriage of King Baudouin in 1960, Leopold moved his young family to Argenteuil House, near Waterloo, causing a serious rift by taking furniture and pictures with him. Leopold was denied access to his grandchildren when they were born to his first family. Thereafter he dropped out of public life and died in 1983.
In 1957 Alexandre was taken to Boston, where he underwent successful heart surgery, as a result of which his mother took a great interest in cardiology and founded a cardiological foundation which enabled many children to go to the United States for life-saving operations.
Alexandre planned to study medicine but settled on a business career. After attending the Royal Military School in Belgium, he gained a degree from the Catholic University in Louvain.
On March 14 1991 he married Lea Inga Dora Wolman, who was twice-divorced, in a civil ceremony at Debenham, Suffolk. His mother was aware of the marriage, but disapproved; and despite having suffered ostracism herself, thereafter chose to invite her son to social occasions without his wife. The marriage was made public only in 1998.
Last year Prince Alexandre's wife gave an interview in which she said her husband had wanted to assume some official responsibilities, but had been excluded from these. Instead he led the life of a bon vivant, enjoying fine food and the game of bridge.
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https://www.royal-house.nl/members-royal-house/princess-beatrix
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Princess Beatrix
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Her Royal Highness Princess Beatrix was Queen of the Netherlands for 33 years, from 1980 to 2013. On 30 April 2013, she was succeeded by her eldest son, King Willem-Alexander.
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Her Royal Highness Princess Beatrix was Queen of the Netherlands for 33 years, from 1980 to 2013. On 30 April 2013, she was succeeded by her eldest son, King Willem-Alexander.
Princess Beatrix was married to Prince Claus of the Netherlands. They had three sons, Prince Willem-Alexander, Prince Friso and Prince Constantijn.
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The Cross of Laeken
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Dedicated to the monarchs of Belgium, and other topics of historical, cultural, human, political, and religious interest.
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Memory Lane
Since we are approaching the end of the year, and the fourth anniversary of The Cross of Laeken, I thought it might be fun to revisit some of my favorite posts from the past. (I was inspired to do so by Gio's recent post along the same lines). Here are a few, in no particular order:
Lilian Baels and Jacqueline Kennedy: I include this one because it is a VERY popular article, apparently my second most popular article of all time. I suspect this is more because of Jackie's fame than Lilian's, but in any case, I do not mind the extra hits!
Princess Lilian: Loved and Loving: A post examining the stereotypes of Lilian Baels as cold and hard and attempting to demonstrate that she was much warmer, kinder and more loving than many realize.
The Conversion of Queen Astrid: An article about Astrid's spiritual journey from the Lutheranism of her childhood and family to the Catholicism of her husband and adopted country.
Queen of Children: A contemporary testimonial of Queen Elisabeth's touching dedication to the youngest Belgian victims of World War I.
A Queen to be Remembered: A profile of the first Queen of the Belgians, Louise-Marie of Orléans, who is often overshadowed by her later, more famous counterparts, such as Elisabeth and Astrid.
Marie d'Orléans: The favorite sister of Queen Louise-Marie, a spirited and artistic soul who sadly passed away from tuberculosis at age 25.
Albert I and the Sacred Heart: A remarkable account of Albert's meeting with Father Mateo Crawley-Boevey, a famous preacher of devotion and reparation to the Sacred Heart of Jesus, during the priest's visit to Belgium in 1922.
The Perfume of Violets: Princess Marie-José's mysterious encounter with Padre Pio, the saintly Italian mystic.
Umberto and Maria José: Some thoughts on the lights and shadows of their marriage.
A Talk with a King: American war reporter Mary Roberts Rinehart's account of her audience with Albert I during the German occupation of Belgium. Albert expressed his anguish over the violation of Belgian neutrality and the cruel treatment of his people.
A Talk with a Queen: Mary Roberts Rinehart's meeting with Queen Elisabeth.
What is the Cross of Laeken?
Recently, I have had some questions about the title of this blog. On one level, it is simply a reference to the crosses atop the Church of Our Lady of Laeken, the burial place of the Belgian kings and queens of the past. The church was built by the founder of the dynasty in honor of his late wife, Louise-Marie of Orléans. To me, at any rate, the church, the crypt and the crosses symbolize so much about the Belgian royal house; in particular, the memory of their public and religious lives, which I try to feature on this site.
In another sense, the name of this blog is meant to be a metaphor for the Belgian monarchy itself and the hardships of the royal family. Albert I actually referred to kingship as a cross. Every generation has had to bear heavy sufferings, and many members of the family have done so with great faith. Queens Louise-Marie and Marie-Henriette had to deal with unhappy, politically arranged marriages. Louise-Marie also had to bear the loss of her first child and terrible anxiety over the fate of her own family, the Orléans, caught in turbulent France and finally driven into exile. Eventually, she had to suffer a slow, painful, untimely death from tuberculosis, sadly parting from her three, still young surviving children. She remained a woman of steadfast faith, hope and charity to the end, with only incredible love to offer a husband who did not share her religion and had not been particularly faithful to her.
In the next generation, Louise-Marie's daughter Charlotte would suffer horribly as the doomed Empress of Mexico, having to contend with the overthrow and murder of her husband and apparently descending into madness under the emotional strain of it all. She was never able to bear the child she had so longed to give Maximilian. As for Louise-Marie's eldest son, King Leopold II, his problems were largely of his own making, and, unfortunately, as we all know, he was hardly a model of Catholic virtue. However, the story of his family is still an extremely unhappy one, involving the loss of his only legitimate son and the tragedies of his first two daughters' marriages. Louise-Marie's youngest son, Philippe, Count of Flanders and his wife, Marie, a pious couple, endured the early death of their very promising eldest son, Prince Baudouin, who had become the heir to the throne after the equally tragic passing of his little cousin, Prince Leopold.
We know all too well that this pattern of tragedies would continue, with the violent deaths of King Albert I and Queen Astrid, two world wars, and the imprisonment and near-murder of King Leopold III, Princess Lilian, and the royal children. Ultimately, Leopold would be forced to abdicate and would apparently become estranged from the offspring of his first marriage. Although he is rarely given credit for it, Leopold tried to bear his misfortunes with touching faith and trust in the goodness of God. His cousin, Princess Clementine, for example, has left us a moving account of his great nobility in sorrow and Christian resignation after losing his beloved Astrid. Lilian was also a genuinely religious woman. Leopold's son, King Baudouin, would sadly witness Belgium moving further and further away from the religious and moral principles he held dear. After losing five unborn children of his own, he would be unable to protect the other unborn children of Belgium. Despite the trappings of luxury and glamor, the Belgian crown has surely been a heavy cross to bear.
Trash Written By Trash
I have become completely impatient with the endless attacks, one nastier than the next, on the Belgian royal family. Recently, yet another lurid book full of malicious claims and anonymous sources has been published, this time targeting Prince Philippe and Princess Mathilde. It is really beyond belief that anyone should be turning this quiet, dutiful, rather staid couple into fodder for scandal-mongering. Usually, Philippe has been one of the few Saxe-Coburg princes whose private life has been spared such prurient treatment. I am all too familiar with the way almost everyone else in the family has been portrayed by various authors as lechery incarnate. The worst I have generally seen said of Philippe, however, is vague criticism of his supposed personal rigidity and political conservatism. I have also seen his intelligence questioned, on no particular grounds. I doubt that a man, even a prince, could get away with a Master's Degree in Political Science from Stanford University, and be stupid.
Apparently, though, we had to do better than all this. It is not enough to have the heir to the throne be stiff, boring or dim-witted, but nonetheless be an upstanding family man. No, we have to destroy his character completely. Now, we have this new book alleging all sorts of wild things, from Philippe's homosexuality, to his marriage to Mathilde being an loveless arranged match, to their children being conceived by IVF. We also have an alleged interview, very emotional and heartfelt, no doubt, with Philippe's father, Albert II, in case we needed more of this voyeuristic soap opera. (As the Royal Palace has pointed out, though, the King doesn't do interviews). Most of these accusations seem to be recycled and rehashed from previous royalty. We all know the way Marie-Antoinette was charged with lesbianism and her husband with impotence. Philippe's own great-aunt, Queen Marie-José of Italy, was likewise slurred by rumors that her first child was conceived using artificial insemination. It is hard to imagine such trashy and shaky sources being taken seriously, but reportedly the new book is fast becoming a best-seller. Slander pays.
I am glad, however, that the Belgian royal family is finally reacting to this nastiness. Both Prince Philippe and Princess Mathilde have vigorously denounced the claims and publicly paid tribute to their love for one another. I know that this is not going to stop the gossip, but it is still nice to see the Saxe-Coburgs fighting back. There ought to be more of it. Enough is enough. I am sick and tired of seeing this family portrayed as depraved blood-suckers. On the contrary, their position involves a great deal of self-sacrifice. Trying to hold together a country apparently bent on self-hatred, self-dismemberment and self-destruction is no fun. I believe that the strain and sadness of the situation can be seen quite clearly on the sometimes weary, disillusioned faces of figures such as King Albert II, Queen Paola, Prince Philippe and Princess Astrid. I have been deeply impressed with Princess Mathilde's ability to maintain an unfailingly warm, positive, serene manner amidst all this bitterness. She deserves respect.
*Over at The Mad Monarchist, a loyal friend of this blog weighs in on the matter.
Queen Astrid's Wedding Gifts
November is the anniversary month of the joyful marriage of King Leopold III and Queen Astrid. Unofficial Royalty has a delightful series of articles on the wedding celebrations, including a description of some of the gifts the bride received.
Wedding gifts began arriving in Stockholm a few weeks before the civil ceremony. The Swedish navy presented Astrid and Leopold with various pieces of silver, while the residents of the city of Stockholm gave the couple a silver and enamel tea set. A diamond and pearl tiara made by the court jeweler Andersson was also given to Astrid. This tiara, now known as the Stockholm Wedding Tiara, has not been seen in several decades. However, Leopold’s second wife, the Princess de Rethy, later wore parts of this tiara as a brooch.
Several items were displayed in Ingeborg’s drawing room before the Swedish ceremony. These gifts included an emerald and diamond necklace from Carl and Ingeborg, a diamond necklace from the Swedish king and queen, a silver and enamel coffee set from the Norwegian royals, and a portrait of the bride’s father.
Shortly before the wedding, a call for donations was made to the Belgian public to fund a national gift to the couple. Collections were also made from various expatriate groups living in Belgium. Within a day, the amount collected reach over 183,000 Belgian francs. While Leopold had requested that the money collected by applied directly to the national debt, the prince was overruled in favor of the purchase of gifts. The items selected from the funds collected included a tapestry in honor of Astrid’s love of Swedish needlework. This tapestry was made over a thirteen-year period by Mademoiselle Dubois, a renowned Belgian weaver.
The first gift presented to Astrid upon her arrival in Belgium was lace given to her by a Belgian girls’ group. Astrid happily accepted the lace, expressing her thanks in the Flemish language.
Also selected from the Belgian collection included a diadem that could be separated into bracelets, rings, a choker, and brooches. The bandeau tiara was made by Belgian jeweler Van Bever and included eleven Congo diamonds. It is now known as the Nine Provinces or Belgian Empire Tiara and has been worn by every Belgian queen since Astrid.
Rest in Peace
On All Souls' Day, we remember all the Belgian royal family members who have passed away, particularly those who died in tragic and sudden ways. Eternal rest grant unto them, O Lord, and let perpetual light shine upon them. May their souls, and all the souls of the faithful departed, through the mercy of God, rest in peace. Amen. +
Above is one of many memorials to the greatly mourned first wife of Leopold III, Astrid of Sweden, killed in a car accident at 29. The statue is located at Laeken in the Parc du 21 Juillet, commemorating the swearing-in of Belgium's first king. Dedicated in 1940, the Latin inscription translates: "The Belgians to their most noble and most sweet Queen Astrid, with their whole heart." An earnest, loving convert to Catholicism, the religion of her beloved husband and new people, Astrid became a symbol not only of Belgian patriotism but also of the Faith itself. I have seen rumors online that Astrid was even considered for possible beatification at some point, but I have not been able to confirm these claims. There have definitely been suggestions of introducing the cause of her son, King Baudouin. It is worth noting that the famed Italian mystic, Padre Pio of Pietrelcina, apparently thought very highly of Queen Astrid and her father-in-law, King Albert, who suffered a similarly tragic and untimely death, believing them both to be "close to the Lord" in the afterlife. Whether or not anyone in the family ever receives official ecclesiastical recognition on earth, let us hope and pray that they may all be numbered among the saints in heaven.
Malice
This article, published February 12, 1961, in the Pittsburgh Press, shortly after Queen Fabiola's arrival in Belgium, furnishes an interesting example of the unfounded insinuations that circulated around Leopold III and his second wife, Princess Lilian. (It is actually one of the mildest examples I have seen.)
Fabiola also has a mother-in-law problem; a step-mother-in-law problem, to be exact. And Princess Liliane de Rethy could be a formidable foe. Back in 1941, when Leopold married her, she was Liliane Baels, daughter of the Governor of West Flanders. For 20 years she has been the most unpopular woman in the land, but Baudouin's devotion to her is so great he has been known to fly into rages over newspaper attacks on her, and to cancel all appointments for the day.
When, at the time of their engagement, Baudouin and Fabiola gave their first press conference, they were later joined by their respective families for photographs. A girl journalist from an Italian magazine marked Fabiola who looked, at once, slightly untidy and infinitely appealing, with her hair wind-swept, and wearing a strawberry-colored dress, a cashmere cardigan and pearls. Squeezing the arm of a newspaper companion, this journalist exclaimed: "We are about to catch a glimpse of the future. If Liliane wishes to obliterate Fabiola she will stand next to her."
As the royal group took their positions, Princess Liliane moved, smiling, to Fabiola's side. Tall and beautiful, fresh from the coiffeur and supremely elegant in a Paris suit, she did just what the girl journalist predicted- she obliterated the bride-to-be.
What nonsense. So Lilian could not even pose beside her own step-daughter-in-law for a family photograph without being accused of trying to steal the limelight from the new Queen? Supposing she had kept her distance from Fabiola? Then she would have been charged with being unfriendly and sulking at her loss of status as first lady of the realm. The poor woman was so reviled.
Beauty of Flanders
As we have been discussing the divide between Flanders and Wallonia, it might be interesting to consider the case of the Flemish beauty who became the second wife of Leopold III. She was the very type of the Catholic, royalist Flemish who played such an important role in deciding the popular consultation in Leopold's favor after World War II. (Sadly, with the current trend towards separatism, more and more Flemings now seem to be turning rather venomously against the monarchy as a icon of Belgian unity). Princess Lilian was also the very type of the upper-class Flemish who adopted French culture.
This position made life even more difficult for a woman already castigated by the aristocracy as a vulgar adventuress marrying far above her station, and by other elements of popular opinion and the press as a unworthy successor to an impossibly saintly Queen Astrid, as an unscrupulous temptress, devoured by ambition, luring the King into preferring private pleasure to public duty. Lilian was doubly resented for her Flemish heritage by many Walloons. She was also blamed by more nationalistic Flemings, such as her denigrating biographer, Evrard Raskin, for supposedly betraying this same heritage through her Francophile affinities.
As Jean Cleeremans describes in Léopold III, sa famille, et son peuple sous l'occupation, there were also kinder voices among the Flemish who expressed pride at their Sovereign's marriage to one of their own, to a daughter of the talented and energetic class that had brought such prosperity to the Belgian cities through the centuries. As always in Lilian's life, however, spiteful portrayals gained much greater publicity than any appreciative ones. Hating the Princess de Réthy became a veritable industry.
Yet, through it all, Lilian remained steadfastly loyal to her principles as a woman devoted to Belgium and its monarchy. Michel Verwilghen, in Le mythe d'Argenteuil, describes her concern at the rise of separatism during the last years of her life. She even worried that her step-son, King Baudouin, might not be doing enough to oppose the efforts to shatter the country. I wonder what she would say of Belgium's most recent political crises.
A Republic of Flanders?
An intelligent, humorous commentary on the Flemish separatist movement. I think it would be a tragedy if Belgium and her monarchy disappeared from the face of the earth and I see no compelling reason why the loss would be worthwhile.
Flanders has, for most of recent memory, been more prosperous than Wallonia. I am sure some of the more racist Flemish nationalists (and there are plenty of them) would likely attribute this to the natural superiority of the more Germanic Flemings over the more Latin Walloons. Actually, in racial terms, there is hardly any difference between the two and the real reason is that Flanders has followed a more intelligent economic policy compared to Wallonia which has long been dominated by the socialists and has an economy that shows this. I can completely understand the Flemings being upset that their hard-earned tax euros get shoveled over to the Walloons to compensate for their bad economic decisions. However, the answer to that problem does not require independence, it only requires getting the socialists out of Wallonia and a good way to start would be to see them cut off from outside help so they would be forced to face the economic reality that socialism simply does not work. If the Red Chinese can figure it out, so can the Walloons. Ignoring the huge problem that would be Brussels, there is also the problem of what to do with the two halves of the former Belgium if Flanders declared independence.
Contrary to what some think, the area of modern Belgium has been a distinct political area for quite some time before the declaration of independence in 1830. It was distinct during the period it was united to The Netherlands after the Napoleonic Wars and before that it had long been the westernmost outpost of the Hapsburg empire. Wallonia as a part of the French Republic holds no romance for me and would be an odd fit; the similarities of language aside. However, Wallonia is not the driving force behind this but rather Flanders. What would become of Flanders? There are two options: either Flanders remains independent or joins their fellow Dutch speakers in a “Greater Netherlands”. Neither option appeals to this monarchist. First of all, let there be no confusion on this point: an independent Flanders would be a republic. Period. Without doubt. So, in that scenario, Europe loses a monarchy and is cursed with another republic. In the second case; Flanders being annexed by The Netherlands, no new republics are created (assuming Wallonia joins France as is most likely) but Europe is still down one monarchy. Not good. Furthermore, I do not believe Flanders would be happy in The Netherlands anyway. They have too much of a regional mindset and are too used to being treated as something special for me to believe that they would be content to be just another Dutch province. So, I say “no” to a Flemish republic and “yes” to the Kingdom of Belgium (which, lest we forget, has been a country longer than Germany, Italy, Poland and a number of others).
The King and his Ministers
Some interesting insights from Charles d'Ydewalle's Albert and the Belgians: Portrait of a King.
It almost seems as if, during those last years, no other mind had the power to influence his. It was often asked: "Who is influencing the King?" We should like to know whether the King of the Belgians had any favourites among his Ministers. There were a few whom he trusted, although he rarely praised them. It is said that he showed marked preference for M. Vandervelde. This is obviously untrue, since in spite of his obvious admiration for the mentality and wide knowledge of the Socialist Minister, he ignored him whenever he felt it expedient, just as he would ignore a Catholic or a Liberal. I have been shown numbers of letters signed with a firm and decided "A"; one and all are written in an even hand without erasures, and every downstroke has been traced with the same care and precision. They invariably begin: "My dear Minister," or "My dear Prime Minister," and are signed: "Your affectionate Albert." The style is classic in its perfection, the sentences are exquisitely balanced, show an extraordinary feeling for the mot juste, and convey in full the dignity of the writer. He hardly ever writes "I wish," but very often "I believe," and never "I am certain." Yet, when the day came for a Minister to receive his congé, he was given an audience...and all was over.
Did his coldness contain an element of bitterness against Parliamentary mechanisms? I am tempted to believe so. The Belgian Constitution defines the power of the Monarch in a singular way. Each Party designates those of their members from whom he may select his Ministers. When Albert's Ministers had given up office, he took no further interest in them. He often esteemed, sometimes admired the colleagues who were temporarily imposed on him. He had great faith in a few. To one of the most distinguished of them he remarked: "You, at any rate, have always told me the truth." This, one might think, was a supreme compliment which should have raised the Minister to a pinnacle and made him the recipient of a host of small favours. It did not do so; the Minister in question was treated with the same official courtesy and tact as the rest.
The Premier alone, the closest to his Royal master, was admitted with more intimacy into the daily round. If he were ill, he might telephone his business to the King. If the matter were urgent, he might hasten to Laeken, or, in case of need, to Ciergnon, where he would find the King in the woods, dressed as a day-labourer, planting or measuring oak-trees. Or he might find him buried in books and papers, making maps and sketches, in the interval between two excursions on his motorcycle. If the Premier stayed at Ciergnon, the Princes moved on to another floor and gave up their rooms to the distinguished visitor. It was a large, bare apartment.
If any Minister, whether he were in office or not, suffered a bereavement, fell ill or was the victim of an accident, the King instantly showed that solicitude of which he was so chary in other circumstances. A former President of the Chamber, who had broken his arm, received a charming letter. I asked him if he were often honoured in this way. "No," he said. "We never see each other." The King treated the elderly statesmen with the special courtesy due to their years, and the younger men with a lighter touch more suited to their age. Each one might believe that he was more favoured than the rest, but not one of them could flatter himself that he had been admitted for all time into the circle of the King's intimate friends. On the other hand, if a political crisis arose, he would send for the leaders of all three parties-- even for those from whom he knew he would learn nothing. Thus no jealousy was occasioned; and the King treated them all alike, with ironic indifference or guarded admiration. One feels that his attitude to his Ministers was that of a master to his class. The types remain the same, although the individuals change; and it is incumbent upon him to devote himself entirely to this class, about which he has no illusions (pp. 232-234)
Olive Muir
My apologies for my long absence here; it has been a difficult month. Nevertheless, I wanted to share some information about Olive Muir, kindly brought to my attention by Daniel Wybo of the Royal League of Veterans of King Leopold III. One of the more passionate, but less well known defenders of the King during World War II and the Royal Question, Mrs. Muir was arrested at one point for heckling Paul-Henri Spaak, the former Socialist prime minister of Belgium, at a political debate in Strasbourg. The Glasglow Herald of November 22, 1950 described the scene:
A British supporter of King Leopold of the Belgians, Mrs. Olive Muir, was taken into police custody after interrupting the debate by heckling the chairman, M. Paul-Henri Spaak (Belgium). She was released when the debate ended.
Mrs. Muir, a wealthy authoress painter, and owner of a Devonshire estate, interrupted the debate as Mr. Macmillan rose to speak.
From the visitors' gallery, Mrs. Muir called out: "M. Spaak, why do you allow a majority here...?" M. Spaak ordered the ushers to remove her.
While ushers tried unsuccessfully to remove Mrs. Muir, who stood passively in the gallery repeating the first half of her sentence, M. Spaak declared the session suspended. On her way down to the police room for questioning, Mrs. Muir told reporters she had wanted to say:-
"Why do you allow a majority here, when you do not accept it in your own country?"
Presumably, Mrs. Muir was referring to Spaak's refusal to abide by the results of the popular consultation that had recently decided the Royal Question in Leopold's favor.
Olive Muir was also the author of a book, Why I Defended a King's Honour (1955), containing excerpts from her diary and earlier articles and pamphlets on Leopold's behalf, such as the following:
It is a lamentable fact that at this moment some people believe that King Leopold had audience with Hitler in 1940. This information is entirely untrue. King Leopold only consented to see his enemy at Berchtesgaden in order to arrange more food for starving Belgium and the exchange of prisoners of war who had fought bravely for their country, and the Princess of Piedmont's (The King's sister) visits to Hitler were only undertaken for the same cause.
"King George," of Britain, writes Olive Muir, "and the Royal Family wish King Leopold's return to Belgium."
Olive Muir also states that M. Spaak must be labouring under some false illusions or misguided information and should be enlightened of the truth upon such an important matter as his King.
Britain should be magnanimous enough to face the truth, and if Churchill did his duty, he should come forward and announce to the whole world the greatness, ability, courage and heroic sacrifice of Belgium's Royal Sovereign.
Olive Muir adds:
"No one has any right to question the marriage of such a loyal King. Mademoiselle Lilian Baels was a great friend of the Royal Family. He could not have chosen a more suitable wife. The King of Britain married what we call 'a commoner', and she has proved a great success and a blessing to her country. Surely, King Leopold's wife will do the same.
Olive Muir ends:
"My sympathy with the present predicament of a brave nation who cannot make up its mind to receive back their great King and hero, who kept his Royal word to his troops and who is worthy of undying loyalty by his subjects, induces me to write this book." (pp. 25-26)
A Lost Princess
Gio reviews a new biography of the tragic first wife of Leopold I.
Charlotte was the daughter of the dissolute Prince Regent, who eventually became George IV, and his coarse wife Caroline of Brunswick. Their marriage was a disaster from the start. They separated almost immediately and did everything they could to make each other and, as a result their daughter, miserable. Despite this, Charlotte turned out well, and was very much loved by the people who hoped she would restore the image of the monarchy and the royal family.
Sadly, their hopes were too soon destroyed. Everyone rejoiced when Charlotte married her Prince. The couple cared deeply for each other and did everything together. But after a year and a half of marriage, Charlotte died after giving birth to a stillborn son. Leopold was distraught and even though he would go on to become King of the Belgians, and remarry, he never forgot his first wife. Had she lived, his niece Queen Victoria, would probably never have been born. Although George IV had several siblings, none of them had legitimate children, and, until this tragedy occurred, hadn't really shown any inclination to get married.
Chambers' biography reads more like a novel than a biography. It flows easily, is entertaining and is light without being shallow. However, it isn't in-depth. While we get to know Charlotte quite well, especially thanks to her correspondence which is amply cited in the book, we're not told much about Leopold. His life after Charlotte's death is summed up in just a few short pages, which is something that really disappointed me as I have a bit of a crush on Leopold and would have loved to know more about him. (Read entire post)
Here is an article discussing amniotic fluid embolism, the rare obstetric emergency that may well have caused Charlotte's death.
The Fall of Liège
The Exiled Belgian Royalist remembers. Here is the noble letter that General Gerard Leman, now a prisoner of war, sent King Albert after the German capture of the forts of Liège on August 16, 1914. Leman had once been a military tutor to Albert.
After honourable engagements on August 4th, 5th, and 6th, I considered that the forts of Liege could only play the role of forts d'arret. I nevertheless maintained military government in order to coordinate the defense as much as possible, and to exercise moral influence upon the garrison.
Your Majesty is not ignorant that I was at Fort Loncin on August 6th at noon. You will learn with grief that the fort was blown up yesterday at 5.20 p.m., the greater part of the garrison being buried under the ruins.
That I did not lose my life in that catastrophe is due to the fact that my escort, Commandant Collard, a sub-officer of infantry who unfortunately perished, the gendarme Thevenim and my two orderlies, Vanden Bossche and Jos Lecocq, drew me from a position of danger, where I was being asphyxiated by gas from the exploded powder.
I was carried into a trench, where a German captain named Guson gave me a drink, after which I was made a prisoner and taken to Liege in an ambulance. I am convinced that the honour of our arms has been sustained. I have not surrendered either the fortress or the forts.
Deign, Sire, to pardon my defects in this letter. I am physically shattered by the explosion of Loncin. In Germany, whither I am proceeding, my thoughts will be, as they have ever been, of Belgium and the King. I would willingly have given my life the better to serve them, but death was denied me.
More on the battle of Liège, HERE.
Marie-Astrid, Princess of Wales?
Gareth Russell comments on the rumors that Princess Marie-Astrid of Luxembourg, grand-daughter of King Leopold III of the Belgians, might once have been considered a possible bride for the Prince of Wales. (Given the treatment of the Belgian monarch by Winston Churchill during World War II, it might have been an interesting historical revenge for Leopold).
That the government considered it possible that Prince Charles might one day want to marry Princess Marie-Astrid is shown by the fact that there were several committees set-up to see if it was constitutionally possible to repeal the ban on British royals marrying Catholics. There was soft opposition, from the beginning, including from Charles's beloved grandmother, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, who was not only a devout Protestant but was also naturally opposed to change. Concerns about how such a marriage would affect the already-volatile situation in Northern Ireland were also voiced. Early in 1980, the Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher, set up a small committee to discuss the issue. According to her future biographer, Hugo Young, the Prime Minister herself was strongly opposed to changing the law or to encouraging the Prince's marriage to Marie-Astrid. And her objections rested squarely on the idea that the princess's religion was problematic and undesirable. Some of the committees other members later told Young that they had been shocked by "the extreme anti-Catholicism" of the Prime Minister.
Eventually the rumours about Charles and Marie-Astrid faded away. Maybe that's all they ever were. Neither Charles, nor Marie-Astrid, ever went firmly on the record about how much truth there had been in the idea that they could quite married. Evidently, Mrs. Thatcher considered it a possibility, but we don't know how sold on the idea Charles himself ever was. Charles soon announced his forthcoming marriage to the beautiful Diana Spencer - young, virginal, British, aristocrat and Protestant. And Marie-Astrid married a member of the deposed Austrian royal family, Archduke Carl-Christian, in 1982. (Read entire post)
Queen of Children
Today is the anniversary of the German invasion of Belgium in 1914. Here is information about Queen Elisabeth's establishment of a children's refuge in the little corner of Belgium never conquered, from the memoirs of a representative of the American Red Cross:
But early she faced what we faced later- the fact that the parents of many of the children would not let them go. She looked about to see if there was any place in Flanders where she herself could establish a colony, and make it a model of its kind. Queen though she was, she encountered the strongest kind of opposition, even from some of the officers of the King's household. They knew the range of artillery and uncertainties of war, and they did not want the Queen put into a position where a shell on a barrack could cause a slaughter of children for which she would be held responsible. Her Majesty, for all her soft voice and gentle ways, has very positive views and a way of holding on to them. And as for shirking a duty because the thing might go badly and react on her, this is a thing unlikely to ever happen in her life. She is too true a woman. She held fast to the necessity of the action she proposed, and she raised the money. When it came to the almost awful question of just where to put it, of deciding where shells would not fall, she got the best advice she could and then acted. The site was in the open country, close to the frontier, and near Vinckem where Dr. Depage later built his big hospital. One of the barracks was contributed by citizens of Paterson, N.J., a thing the Queen always pointed out with pride.
In two little villages of wooden barracks, the Queen provided for 600 children- one group of children from 6 to 10, and the other from 11 to 16.
The barracks were placed, on soil well drained, flat thought it was, and around them bloomed the most beautiful flowers from early spring until late autumn. Between the two groups of barracks was a large vegetable garden which the older boys helped to work.
The barracks were light, well but simply furnished, and everything about them showed that somebody of taste and culture was at the head.
The Queen was fortunate in having the pick of available personnel and this made other authorities growl occasionally, but the growls were low and not very deep. Certain it is that whether we ascribe it to her brains or luck, Her Majesty made there a real school. A beautiful little chapel stood among the other buildings. The instruction was modern. The children really learned something. And the whole atmosphere of the place unquestionably lifted most of them up to a plane they never would have reached had there been no war and no school of the Queen. Twice during the war, we tried to get over from America the most modern books on education for a present to the Queen out of other than relief funds, as we knew her great desire to have them, but the shipments had not come through when the war ended. (John van Schaik, The little corner never conquered: the story of the American Red Cross work for Belgium, 1922, pp. 136-137)
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Make Your Day
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https://www.thecourtjeweller.com/2021/09/classic-royal-tiaras-of-belgiums-glamorous-queen-paola.html
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Classic Royal Tiaras of Belgium’s Glamorous Queen Paola
|
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2021-09-18T00:00:06+00:00
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September is a month full of royal birthdays and milestones. Last weekend, Queen Paola of Belgium, the mother of King Philippe of the Belgians, turned 84. To celebrate, we've got a glittering roundup of the
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en
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The Court Jeweller
|
https://www.thecourtjeweller.com/2021/09/classic-royal-tiaras-of-belgiums-glamorous-queen-paola.html
|
September is a month full of royal birthdays and milestones. Last weekend, Queen Paola of Belgium, the mother of King Philippe of the Belgians, turned 84. To celebrate, we’ve got a glittering roundup of the royal jewels she’s worn over the years. Enjoy!
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The Brussels Times
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Prince Alexander of Belgium has died
|
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[
"www.facebook.com",
"Flanders News"
] |
2009-11-29T00:00:00
|
Prince Alexander, half-brother of King Albert, has died at the age of 67. He was the eldest son of Leopold III & Lilian Baels.
|
en
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vrtnws.be
|
https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/en/2009/11/29/prince_alexanderofbelgiumhasdied-1-643328/
|
After the liberation the King could not return to Belgium with his family because of the so-called Royal Question. This had to due with the fact that Leopold III had refused to go into exile with his government when the Germans invaded Belgium. He remained in Switzerland until 1950 (photo left: Prince Boudewijn, Prince Alexander and Prince Albert).
Leopold III was not popular with the Belgian people, and they never forgave him for marrying Lilian Baels after the untimely death of his first wife the beloved Queen Astrid, mother of the late King Boudewijn and the current King Albert.
After the return of Leopold III to Belgium the King was to relinquish his right to the throne in favour of his eldest son Boudewijn.
Prince Alexander studied medicine for a couple of years but ended up going into trade. In the 1960s his predilection for fast cars and speeding caused many a headache for his half-brother King Boudewijn.
But Prince Alexander reconciled with the royal family and regularly attended official events.
In 1991 Prince Alexander married Léa Wolman. They kept their marriage secret for seven years because Princess Lilian, Alexander's mother, was against the relationship. The couple had no children.
Prince Alexander died Sunday afternoon from an acute pulmonary embolism.
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https://www.gettyimages.com/photos/princess-leah-of-belgium
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Getty Images
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Getty Images Deutschland. Finden Sie hochauflösende lizenzfreie Bilder, Bilder zur redaktionellen Verwendung, Vektorgrafiken, Videoclips und Musik zur Lizenzierung in der umfangreichsten Fotobibliothek online.
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https://vulcanhammer.org/2009/07/11/a-royal-visit-prince-alexandre-de-rethys-visit-to-palm-beach/
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A Royal Visit: Prince Alexandre de Rethy’s Visit to Palm Beach
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http://www.paludavia.com/images/prince-alexandre.jpg
|
http://www.paludavia.com/images/prince-alexandre.jpg
|
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[
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[
"Don Warrington"
] |
2009-07-11T00:00:00
|
One of the long running relationships of our family business was with the Nilens firm in Belgium. This family concern manufactured pile driving and other construction equipment. In January 1965 we were expecting a visit from their principal, Willy Nilens. What we got was a call from New York telling us that he, his colleague…
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en
|
Positive Infinity
|
https://vulcanhammer.org/2009/07/11/a-royal-visit-prince-alexandre-de-rethys-visit-to-palm-beach/
|
One of the long running relationships of our family business was with the Nilens firm in Belgium. This family concern manufactured pile driving and other construction equipment. In January 1965 we were expecting a visit from their principal, Willy Nilens. What we got was a call from New York telling us that he, his colleague George van de Velde, their wives and Belgian Prince Alexandre de Rethy were arriving in Palm Beach in a few days. Needless to say, this was an “all hands on deck” kind of situation for us. In addition to a fishing trip and other activities, we organised a proper reception for the Prince–the half brother of then King Baudoin–at the Colony. (The Prince’s own family story is fascinating; a summary is at the end of the post.)
The Prince also came to our home. Knowing what a pair of troublemakers my brother and I (11 and 9 at the time) could be, at the appointed time we were summoned from our rooms, introduced to His Highness, and sent immediately packing for the duration.
The suddenness of this royal visit invites comparison to the most important upcoming royal visit of all–the return of our King, Jesus Christ, to the earth. In the meanwhile, for me the concept of royalty in the subtropics has been something impossible to forget, a combination well documented in The Island Chronicles.
Prince Alexandre (Alexander) de Rethy
In 1935 Queen Astrid of Belgium died during a trip to Switzerland, leaving King Leopold III with three children. Her death devastated her husband. His mourning was complicated by the German invasion and occupation of Belgium in 1940; he remained while the government went to London to set up a government in exile. In the meanwhile Leopold met and fell in love with Lilian Baels, daughter of a prominent Flemish attorney, businessman and governor of West Flanders. They were married in the Catholic church 11 September 1941, but not in civil ceremony until 6 December 1941. Putting the religious ceremony first won Leopold the enmity of the secularists (the same people who banned Muslim headscarves and large crosses from French schools.)
Alexandre was born on 18 July 1942 while his parents were virtual prisoners of the Nazis in their own palace in Brussels. In 1944 the family was forcibly moved to Germany, where it lived until the end of the war.
Leopold’s return to reigning as King was complicated by the controversy that surrounded both his and Princess Lilian (and her family’s) relationship with the Germans during the war. In 1950 a referendum confirmed that the majority of Belgians wanted Leopold to continue as King, but the divisions were both deep and complicated by the linguistic division that always makes things messy in Belgium. Later the same year Leopold abdicated in favour of his son Baudoin.
In 1957 Alexandre underwent heart surgery. That experience caused his parents to become lifelong patrons of cardiac medicine. In 1991 he married Lea Wolman.
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Queen Mathilde: Wedding: Laura of Belgium & William Isvy
|
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10 September 2022 King Philippe's eldest niece, Princess Maria Laura of Belgium, Archduchess of Austria Este (34) married her British-Fren...
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http://queenmathilde.blogspot.com/favicon.ico
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http://queenmathilde.blogspot.com/2022/07/coming-up-princess-maria-lauras-wedding.html
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10 September 2022
King Philippe's eldest niece, Princess Maria Laura of Belgium, Archduchess of Austria Este (34) married her British-French fiancé William Isvy in Brussels.
The couple lives and works in London. Laura is a climate analyst with the Children's Investment Fund Foundation. William is an investment banker at Millenium Capital. They met in 2015 and gradually moved from being friends to becoming a couple.
At 10:00 the civil ceremony took place at the Brussels city hall. In Belgium a religious ceremony is not legally binding, so it always has to be preceded by a civil union. It was a private ceremony in the presence of 35 guests. Laura chose her sisters Luisa (26) and Laetitia (19) as her witnesses. In turn William chose his brother and sister.
Prince Laurent & Princess Claire with Prince Louise, Prince Nicolas (far left) and Prince Aymeric.
Former King Albert II, who had great trouble walking, and former Queen Paola with grandson Prince Joachim.
Mother of the bride, Princess Astrid greets Brussels mayor Philippe Close.
Archduchess Lili of Austria Este and her sister-in-law, Princess Laetitia of Belgium greeting the mayor of Brussels.
Princess Luisa, Princess Astrid, Prince Amedeo, Prince Joachim, Archduchess Lili and Princess Laetitia.
The present and former Royal Couple.
The groom with his parents.
Princess Laura was wearing a dress and pumps by Gucci.
Married!
The religious wedding took place at 14:30 at the Saints-Michel-et-Gudule cathedral in Brussels in front of 500 guests.
The booklet featured Our Lady of Laeken.
Arrival of King Philippe & Queen Mathilde with Crown Princess Elisabeth, Prince Emmanuel, Prince Gabriel and Princess Eléonore.
Arrival of Laura's family.
Prince Laurent, Princess Claire and their children.
Princess Delphine de Saxe-Cobourg & Jim O'Hare with their children Josephine and Oscar O'Hare.
Princess Léa, widow of Prince Alexandre of Belgium, and Princess Esmé of Belgium.
Baron Paul Buysse & his wife.
Princess Margaretha of Luxembourg & Prince Nikolaus of Liechtenstein followed by their daughter Princess Anunciata of Liechtenstein & Emanuele Musini.
PM Alexander De Croo and his wife, Annik Penders.
Laura's cousins: (pregnant) Princess Olympia & Prince Jean-Christophe Napoléon, Countess Margherita von und zu Arco-Zinneberg & Charles Green, Countess Georgiana von und zu Arco-Zinneberg with crutches, Countess Marie Gabrielle von und zu Arco-Zinneberg.
Count Christian & Countess Colienne de Limburg-Stirum with their daughter Marie.
Count & Countess Albert de Limburg Stirum.
The Prince & Princess de Croÿ-Roeulx.
Archduchess Anna Gabriele of Austria and daughter, Archduchess Catharina of Austria.
Prince Amaury de Merode and his wife, Nathalie Gillion-Crowet.
The Prince & Princess de Ligne.
Their daughter Princess Alix de Ligne & Count Gui de Dampierre.
The Prince & Princess de Chimay.
The Royal Couple and their four children.
Princess Laura's gown was created by Vivienne Westwood, with a 4 meter long train. She was wearing the Savoy-Aosta tiara which belongs to her mother. Her veil was Queen Paola's 19th century heirloom.
The service started with the hymn "Amazing Grace" and a prayer for Queen Elizabeth II who died two days ago.
video: https://www.hln.be/royalty/het-jawoord-is-gegeven-prinses-maria-laura-en-william-stappen-in-het-huwelijksbootje~ab350d89/
Mainly in the music choice there were references to the groom's Jewish background.
The witnesses were Archduchess Lili of Austria-Este, Prince Josef and Princess Astrid of Liechtenstein, Princess Olympia Napoléon and Ferdinand Brunet.
Prince Joachim and William's brother were ushers, while Princess Luisa was Laura's bridesmaid.
The flower girls and page boys were Laura's niece & nephew Archduchess Anna Astrid and Archduke Maximilian of Austria Este, Maria-Thereza Droste zu Vischering von Nesselrode, Alvaro de Orleans-Borbon, Aurora and Eulalia Peters.
Prince Jean of Luxembourg & Diane de Guerre.
Prince Louis of Luxembourg.
Sisters Sol and Luna de Medina y Orléans-Bragança.
Laura's dinner & dance was held at Bozar.
Countess Anna von und zu Arco-Zinneberg.
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https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/45090300/alexandre-of_belgium
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en
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Prince Alexandre of Belgium (1942
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Prince Alexandre Emmanuel Henri Albert Marie Léopold of Belgium was the fourth child of King Leopold III of Belgium, and the eldest by his second wife, Lilian, Princesse de Réthy. King Baudouin and King Albert II of Belgium were his older half-brothers and Grand Duchess Joséphine-Charlotte of Luxembourg was his older...
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de
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/assets/images/fg-icon.svg
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https://de.findagrave.com/memorial/45090300/alexandre-of_belgium
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http://queenmathilde.blogspot.com/2023/10/wedding-alexander-de-habsbourg-natacha.html
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Queen Mathilde: Wedding: Alexander de Habsbourg & Natacha Roumiantzoff
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] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
30 September 2023 Archduke Alexander de Habsbourg-Lorraine (32) married his fiancee, Dutch-French Natacha Roumiantzoff at Belœil, Belgium. A...
|
nl
|
http://queenmathilde.blogspot.com/favicon.ico
|
http://queenmathilde.blogspot.com/2023/10/wedding-alexander-de-habsbourg-natacha.html
|
30 September 2023
Archduke Alexander de Habsbourg-Lorraine (32) married his fiancee, Dutch-French Natacha Roumiantzoff at Belœil, Belgium.
Alexander is the son of King Philippe's cousin Princess Marie-Astrid of Luxembourg & Archduke Christian of Austria. He's the last of their five children to get married.
The couple live in Genève, Switzerland where Natacha works for exclusive real estate company FGP Swiss Alps. Alexander is part of the administrative team of private bank Gadd.
The religious ceremony started at 16:00 and was attended by the close family.
Archduke Christian of Austria with his three sons: Christoph, Imre and Alexander.
Prince Jean of Luxembourg & Diane de Guerre.
Prince Guillaume & Princess Sibilla of Luxembourg.
Princess Marie Gabrielle de Nassau and her cousin, Prince Félix of Luxembourg.
Elisabeth de Potesta.
Prince Felix de Merode.
Queen Mathilde was among the guests in the evening at the Château.
|
|||||
correct_subsidiary_00137
|
FactBench
|
0
| 14 |
https://docs.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/california/candce/3:2007cv01658/190451/1200/45.html
|
en
|
Declaration of Kevin M for Oracle Corporation et al v. SAP AG et al :: Justia Dockets & Filings
|
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[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
en
|
https://justatic.com/v/20240717092834/branding/favicon.ico
|
Justia Dockets & Filings
|
https://docs.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/california/candce/3:2007cv01658/190451/1200/45.html
|
Oracle Corporation et al v. SAP AG et al
Filing 1200
Declaration of Kevin M. Papay in Support of 1199 Brief Offer Of Proof Regarding Oracle's Hypothetical License Damages filed byOracle International Corporation. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B, # 3 Exhibit C, # 4 Exhibit D, # 5 Exhibit E, # 6 Exhibit F, # 7 Exhibit G, # 8 Exhibit H, # 9 Exhibit I, # 10 Exhibit J, # 11 Exhibit K, # 12 Exhibit L, # 13 Exhibit M, # 14 Exhibit N, # 15 Exhibit O, # 16 Exhibit P, # 17 Exhibit Q, # 18 Exhibit R, # 19 Exhibit S, # 20 Exhibit T, # 21 Exhibit U, # 22 Exhibit V, # 23 Exhibit W, # 24 Exhibit X, # 25 Exhibit Y, # 26 Exhibit Z, # 27 Exhibit AA, # 28 Exhibit BB, # 29 Exhibit CC, # 30 Exhibit DD, # 31 Exhibit EE, # 32 Exhibit FF, # 33 Exhibit GG, # 34 Exhibit HH, # 35 Exhibit II, # 36 Exhibit JJ, # 37 Exhibit KK, # 38 Exhibit LL, # 39 Exhibit MM, # 40 Exhibit NN, # 41 Exhibit OO, # 42 Exhibit PP, # 43 Exhibit QQ, # 44 Exhibit RR, # 45 Exhibit SS, # 46 Exhibit TT, # 47 Exhibit UU, # 48 Exhibit VV, # 49 Exhibit WW, # 50 Exhibit XX, # 51 Exhibit YY, # 52 Exhibit ZZ, # 53 Exhibit AAA, # 54 Exhibit BBB, # 55 Exhibit CCC, # 56 Exhibit DDD, # 57 Exhibit EEE, # 58 Exhibit FFF, # 59 Exhibit GGG, # 60 Exhibit HHH, # 61 Exhibit III, # 62 Exhibit JJJ, # 63 Exhibit KKK, # 64 Exhibit LLL)(Related document(s) 1199 ) (Howard, Geoffrey) (Filed on 8/2/2012)
Disclaimer: Justia Dockets & Filings provides public litigation records from the federal appellate and district courts. These filings and docket sheets should not be considered findings of fact or liability, nor do they necessarily reflect the view of Justia.
Why Is My Information Online?
|
|||||
correct_subsidiary_00137
|
FactBench
|
0
| 5 |
https://www.gpbullhound.com/articles/hotsip/
|
en
|
Building on telecommunications infrastructure software.
|
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[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] |
2006-02-13T20:26:00+00:00
|
Hotsip provides communications infrastructure software. The company offers telecommunications infrastructure software and Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)…
|
en
|
GP Bullhound
|
https://www.gpbullhound.com/articles/hotsip/
|
February 2006 - GP Bullhound acted as financial advisor to Hotsip on its sale to Oracle.
Hotsip provides communications infrastructure software. The company offers telecommunications infrastructure software and Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) enabled applications for IP telephony, presence, messaging etc.
|
|||||
correct_subsidiary_00137
|
FactBench
|
1
| 23 |
https://www.whois.com/whois/hotsip.com
|
en
|
Whois hotsip.com
|
[
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"https://www.whois.com/images/tld/blog.png",
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"https://www.whois.com/images/tld/info.png",
"https://www.whois.com/images/tld/link.png",
"https://www.whois.com/images/tld/lol.png",
"https://www.whois.com/images/tld/online.png",
"https://www.whois.com/images/tld/pro.png",
"https://www.whois.com/images/tld/rocks.png",
"https://www.whois.com/images/tld/run.png",
"https://www.whois.com/images/tld/shop.png",
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"https://www.whois.com/images/tld/uno.png",
"https://www.whois.com/images/tld/website.png",
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"https://www.whois.com/images/ssmg/logo_footer.png"
] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
Whois Lookup for hotsip.com
|
en
|
/images/favicon.ico
|
https://www.whois.com/whois/hotsip.com
|
Leading provider of web presence solutions that empower you to establish and grow your online presence.
Learn more About Us
|
|||||
correct_subsidiary_00137
|
FactBench
|
1
| 0 |
https://www.oracle.com/corporate/pressrelease/oracle-buys-hotsip-021506.html
|
en
|
Oracle Buys HotSip
|
[] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] |
2006-02-15T00:00:00
|
en
|
https://www.oracle.com/corporate/pressrelease/oracle-buys-hotsip-021506.html
|
News Facts
Oracle today announced that it has entered into an agreement to acquire Sweden-based HotSip AB. HotSip is a provider of telecommunications infrastructure software and Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) enabled applications for IP telephony, presence, messaging and conferencing on new converged networks. "The addition of HotSip's technology will allow Oracle to build on its leadership in middleware and in carrier-grade communications infrastructures," said Thomas Kurian, senior vice president, Oracle Server Technologies.
Terms of the pending transaction were not disclosed.
Contact Info
Letty Ledbetter
Oracle
+1.650.506.8071
letty.ledbetter@oracle.com
About Oracle
Oracle (NASDAQ: ORCL) is the world's largest enterprise software company. For more information about Oracle, please visit our Web site at http://www.oracle.com.
Trademarks
Oracle, JD Edwards, PeopleSoft and Siebel are registered trademarks of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. PORTAL, and the PORTAL LOGO are trademarks or registered trademarks in the United States and in other countries, all owned by Portal Software, Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
The above is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decision. The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for Oracle's products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.
|
|||||||
correct_subsidiary_00137
|
FactBench
|
1
| 15 |
https://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/podcast/knowledge-at-wharton-podcast/oracles-acquisition-binge-trying-to-cover-all-its-data-bases/
|
en
|
Oracle’s Acquisition Binge: Trying to Cover All Its (Data) Bases
|
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[] |
[
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] | null |
[] |
2006-03-08T08:42:20+00:00
|
For Oracle, the past few months have been one big shopping spree. On January 31, the enterprise software giant purchased longtime rival Siebel Systems, the leading provider of customer relationship management software. On February 14, it acquired Sleepycat, an "open source" database maker; two days later it bought HotSip AB, a Swedish telecommunications software provider. For many companies, Oracle's month would have been a year's worth of merger and acquisition activity, but for the Redwood Shores, Calif.-based firm, it's the norm. Oracle CEO Larry Ellison made a big splash in 2004 by announcing he would consolidate the software industry, starting with archrival PeopleSoft, and he has been true to his word. The real test, however, lies ahead: Can Oracle attract new customers?…Read More
|
en
|
https://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/wp-content/themes/knowledge-wharton/images/icons/favicon.ico
|
Knowledge at Wharton
|
https://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/podcast/knowledge-at-wharton-podcast/oracles-acquisition-binge-trying-to-cover-all-its-data-bases/
|
For Oracle, the past few months have been one big shopping spree. On January 31, 2006, the enterprise software giant purchased longtime rival Siebel Systems, the leading provider of customer relationship management software. On February 14, it acquired Sleepycat, an “open source” database maker; two days later it bought HotSip AB, a Swedish telecommunications software company. Meanwhile, press reports suggest two more acquisitions will occur in the near future.
For many companies, Oracle’s month would have been a year’s worth of merger and acquisition activity, but for the Redwood Shores, Calif.-based firm, it’s the norm. Oracle CEO Larry Ellison made a big splash in 2004 by announcing he would consolidate the software industry, starting with archrival PeopleSoft, and he has been true to his word. Since Oracle closed the PeopleSoft deal in January 2005, it has averaged more than an acquisition a month.
The company is viewed by analysts as the leading provider of database software, which allows customers to track everything from financial data to customer profiles. It has also expanded into enterprise applications that run human resources, accounting and supply chain management functions. While this software may not get the press of Apple’s iTunes or Microsoft’s latest operating system, applications from Oracle and its main rival SAP serve as the nervous system of corporate America.
Given the emerging dynamics of the software industry, Oracle’s acquisition spree isn’t that surprising, says Wharton operations and information management professor Morris Cohen. “It’s getting harder and harder to go back to customers and sell upgrades for applications. By building an infrastructure of interconnected applications, you can sell other things when the upgrades aren’t coming. This is really about building the customer base and then leveraging it.” In other words, Oracle is starting to behave more like an older company than a Silicon Valley upstart, as Ellison himself noted at a Credit Suisse investment conference in Santa Monica, Calif., on February 8. “Oracle is a mature software company, and the way I think you look at a mature software company [is different than a startup],” he said.
According to Wharton finance professor Vinay Nair, who has studied Oracle’s acquisition of PeopleSoft, mature companies sometimes have to go outside for opportunities. “Oracle is clearly looking externally for its growth. The company has determined that it will take too long to build up its infrastructure internally.” While it’s not clear yet how Oracle’s strategy will play out, Ellison and his team have so far dispelled a common view that technology mergers can’t work, says Nair.
Many analysts — including JMP Securities’ Patrick Walravens — say that Oracle has kept acquired customers happy by offering a broader product line and discounts. And by holding on to customers, Ellison has been able to gloat a little about his acquired properties. “Siebel made sense financially; PeopleSoft made sense financially. But [they] also made sense strategically. So we win twice,” said Ellison at the February 8 conference. “In fact, you can argue we win three times. It’s a good financial play; it’s a good strategic play in that we gain more heft and more scale in the apps business. We also get a larger opportunity to sell our middleware and database [software]. So, these acquisitions work out very well.”
The Battle for New Customers
While Ellison’s acquisitions seem to be paying off, “There’s no hard and fast rule about whether growing by acquisition is more risky,” says Nair. “Oracle’s strategy is just an alternate route to grow.” Its decision to acquire companies is most likely based on several factors, he adds. How hard will the integration be? What are the costs associated with it? What’s the rationale for the purchase? Acquisitions that are focused on cost savings are generally less risky than those purchases designed to grow revenue. Why? “You don’t control all the factors that go into revenue synergies,” says Nair, adding that the ability to increase revenue largely depends on customer perceptions.
That’s why it’s too early to call Oracle’s strategy a success. The PeopleSoft acquisition looks smart now because it is not easy to switch enterprise software once it’s installed. SAP has taken a more conservative approach to acquisitions and has marketed itself as a more stable alternative to Oracle. To Nair, the real battlefield between SAP and Oracle will be for new customers. “Perhaps new customers will go to SAP,” causing Oracle to “lose some part of the new customer market.” While Oracle is increasing its existing customer base through acquisition, SAP is trying to increase market share with internal growth, he adds.
Indeed, grabbing more customers is one of the key reasons for Oracle’s acquisition of Siebel Systems. “Siebel has a large installed services and support organization,” says Thomas Y. Lee, Wharton professor of operations and information management. “And if Oracle acquires enough customers, its business model of the future may begin to look something like IBM’s. One part of IBM develops its own database-based software tools but it also has a global services unit that is largely agnostic regarding competing software platforms.”
By acquiring multiple companies, Oracle can offer big corporate customers more choice, says Lee. “Because of Oracle’s acquisitions, the customer now gets the simplicity of a single vendor with the benefits of a larger menu of software options.”
The Open Source Market
One question for Oracle is, at what point does its spate of mergers start delivering diminishing returns? Cohen says there is no reason why Oracle can’t continue to acquire companies. “As long as you can find things to add to your product line — and with customers reluctant to buy from multiple vendors and demanding one throat to choke — why stop?” Nair suggests that, for now, Oracle is betting that the advantages of growing by acquisition are greater than the integration risks. “As long as the synergies outweigh the premium paid, it makes sense. What it will really come down to is how disciplined management is. If the acquisition doesn’t add up, can Oracle just walk away?”
So far, Oracle seems willing to spread its tentacles into as many markets as possible. Its latest acquisition of Sleepycat software entrenched it more into the open source database market, which in theory could erode the market share of Oracle’s main database product. Walravens says Oracle bought Sleepycat largely to reconcile different business models based on selling licenses to proprietary software versus pitching services around free applications. If Oracle can learn multiple business models, it should be able to find many ways to sell its software, he adds.
Wharton legal studies and business ethics professor Dan Hunter agrees. The Sleepycat deal allows Oracle to participate in the open source community — essentially a group of developers that create software for free — and ultimately find a way to profit from it. “Oracle’s databases are proprietary, but (the company) still needs to understand open source” just in case free software distribution emerges as the dominant business model, says Hunter.
While Oracle’s entrance into the open source database market may not make sense on the surface, the company will learn how to operate with developers that build applications for free. And it has already taken a step in this direction by offering an entry-level version of its own database for free. The end game: Make sure Oracle’s databases can mesh well with all alternatives and applications. “Oracle needs to get in because, in the end, the database becomes a commodity,” Hunter notes.
It makes sense, Lee agrees, to offer an open source version of Oracle that competes with open source database rivals such as MySQL and Ingres. In addition, Oracle can better integrate its applications with open source code, meaning customers have another option to stay with the company. “For example, a Siebel customer could still use its CRM system, whether it’s with an Oracle database or an open source one.”
Fusing Acquisitions Together
One of Oracle’s bigger tests, Lee adds, will be connecting its acquired product lines together into one coherent software suite. The company has shown it can keep customers by offering them lifetime support on applications they currently run. The biggest issue will be what happens when these customers have to upgrade. Will they turn to SAP or view Oracle as a long-term software provider? “The biggest challenge will be the post-sale services and building long-term relationships,” says Lee. “Oracle will also have to manage the expenses related to merging the code bases.”
Ellison and company have an answer to Lee’s concerns called Fusion, a series of applications that will be the bridge between Oracle’s old and newly acquired software. Oracle has begun developing Fusion software and is targeting 2008 as the year when its acquired software will be merged together. Cohen says the biggest risk to Oracle’s strategy is how Oracle combines its acquired products. “At some point, you have to stop merging applications and rewrite them.”
Meantime, Kendall Whitehouse, senior director of advanced technology development at Wharton, says Oracle will have to work to combine the acquired workforces into one culture to be successful in the long run. So far, Oracle has laid off employees equally from acquired companies and its own employees.
Nevertheless, Whitehouse says that the successful technology acquisitions tend to keep executives — and their management skills — from acquired companies. For instance, Adobe Systems has given Macromedia executives a number of high-level positions as the companies merged products and business functions. Microsoft acquired Groove Networks and named company founder Ray Ozzie, who created Lotus Notes, as chief technology officer.
Despite Oracle’s acquisitions, Whitehouse notes that there are few executives who would be considered logical successors to Ellison. In fact, two of Oracle’s acquisitions — Siebel and PeopleSoft — were run by former Ellison adversaries, Thomas Siebel and Craig Conway, respectively. “Look at how Adobe restructured after the Macromedia purchase,” says Whitehouse. “The products dovetailed nicely and many important positions were filled by Macromedia people. It’s about much more than just acquiring customers.”
|
||||
correct_subsidiary_00137
|
FactBench
|
1
| 42 |
https://www.siliconvalley.com/2014/08/27/2006-oracle-takes-on-difficult-balancing-act-as-rivals-rev-up/
|
en
|
2006: Oracle takes on difficult balancing act as rivals rev up
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[
"Advertorial For The Mercury News",
"Therese Poletti"
] |
2014-08-27T00:00:00
|
2006: Oracle takes on difficult balancing act as rivals rev up
|
en
|
Silicon Valley
|
https://www.siliconvalley.com/2014/08/27/2006-oracle-takes-on-difficult-balancing-act-as-rivals-rev-up/
|
(This article originally appeared in the Mercury News on June 11, 2006.)
Oracle has spent $20 billion in the past few years gobbling up more than 20 software companies as it seeks to grow in the maturing business software industry.
Chief Executive Larry Ellison’s grand vision for the software giant is to be a “consolidator.” So he has snapped up a slew of companies providing the large software applications that keep corporate America’s finances and operations humming. By bulking up in applications, the Redwood City software giant has been locking up new sources of growth.
But so far, Ellison’s acquisitive streak hasn’t paid off — at least not for Oracle investors. The company’s stock market value has barely budged in the past three years, although Oracle’s annual sales have increased more than 50 percent in that time.
Today, Oracle is fighting toe-to-toe with archrival SAP to retain customers picked up through its acquisitions. And Oracle’s shopping spree has done little to solve the company’s fundamental problem: sluggishness in its flagship database business.
“The stock has really done nothing for two years,” said Bob Stimson, an analyst with WR Hambrecht, who has a hold on Oracle shares. “What valuation do you put on a stock that is basically generating growth through acquisitions vs. true organic growth? Investors are telling you this isn’t working.”
When the Redwood City company started its acquisition spree June 6, 2003, with a hostile bid for Pleasanton-based PeopleSoft, its stock was worth $13.09 a share, with a market value of about $70 billion. On Friday, its stock closed at $13.47 a share, and its market value was essentially unchanged.
Seeing a payoff
Since summer 2003, Oracle has grown from a company with $9.47 billion in revenues to one with an estimated $14 billion in sales for the year ending May 2006.
Oracle President Charles Phillips said in an interview that the company is seeing a payoff from its acquisitions, and that someday its applications business could be bigger than its database business. Oracle’s series of acquisitions, he said, is bringing it into new markets serving specific industries, such as banking or retailing. These markets have huge growth potential, he added.
Phillips pointed to higher profits and a 22 percent rise in revenue for the quarter that ended in February, excluding the impact of currency fluctuations. Analysts expect strong results when the company releases quarterly earnings June 22.
But analysts note most of Oracle’s growth is coming from its big purchases — PeopleSoft for $11.1 billion, Siebel Systems for $6.1 billion and Retek for $701 million.
Stripping out the big acquisitions, Oracle’s underlying business, including database sales, grew only 5.6 percent in the past year, according to Stimson.
“Oracle’s core database growth is just not that exciting,” wrote Rick Sherlund, a Goldman Sachs analyst, in a note to clients in March.
Wall Street gives kudos to Oracle for its ability to quickly integrate acquisitions and make merger-related cost cuts.
“We have said immediate clarity is the best for everybody,” Phillips said. “We make those decisions literally in the first 10 days,” he said, referring to decisions about who reports to whom, what products will be kept or cut, and what jobs will be cut following a merger. “Now having done this about 23 times, we kind of know the routine.”
Phillips said Oracle has “swat teams” that come together overnight to make decisions quickly. “It’s like the green berets come out, boom, let’s go take care of another mission.”
Oracle completed its purchase of Siebel Systems, a maker of customer-management software, on January 31. Ten days later, it announced 2,200 job cuts from both the Siebel and Oracle sides.
Businesses use applications software like PeopleSoft’s and Siebel’s to manage finance, human resources and planning. These applications sit on top of Oracle’s database software, which stores much of a company’s data in searchable fields and tables.
Oracle’s database business still makes up the bulk of its revenues. But its annual growth is only in the single digits, while Oracle faces stepped-up competition from Microsoft and IBM.
Slow to innovate?
Database competitors say Oracle is taking its eye off the ball as it develops a bigger applications business, even as open source database programs, including MySQL and Ingres, loom as a future threat.
“They really haven’t been innovating as much as they could,” said Paul Rivot, a director of information management in IBM’s database business. “We are doing very much the opposite.”
Microsoft, which makes the SQL Server database, saw its share of the $13.8 billion worldwide database market jump to 15 percent in 2005 from 13.9 percent the year before, according to Gartner.
Oracle and IBM, the No. 1 and No. 2 database developers, with 48.6 and 22 percent market share respectively, both suffered small losses in share.
“Oracle is absolutely the leading tech visionary company in terms of database,” said Colleen Graham, a Gartner analyst. But with Oracle, long dominant in databases, moving so aggressively into applications, she said some customers have become nervous about relying on one company for all its software needs. “That makes people very nervous. They’re afraid of vendor lock-in.”
Oracle’s big push in applications is also fraught with risk. Customers spend millions on these complex products, which take years to develop and sometimes months to install and implement.
Oracle hopes to eventually move its new customers into a new applications suite called Fusion, which will weave together the best features of many of its acquired product lines and Oracle’s existing applications.
Customers are supposed to get the first iteration of Fusion in 2008, a deadline analysts and competitors believe will be hard to meet.
Bruce Richardson, an analyst with AMR Research in Boston, compared the task of developing Fusion to climbing Mount Everest. “You can climb halfway up and still be at base camp. We are talking about a huge journey.”
All this sows uncertainty among customers about whether to keep using software from, say Siebel or PeopleSoft, or upgrade to Oracle’s Fusion — or move to a new software supplier entirely.
Rival SAP, the applications leader, is going after Oracle business with its own suite of applications software and a discount program for Oracle customers called “Safe Passage.”
Bill McDermott, president and chief executive of SAP North America, said the German software giant had 240 new customers “rip out and replace” Oracle systems in favor of SAP, including Amgen, Samsonite, Whirlpool, Waste Management, Jones Apparel and Swiss Army.
“Oracle’s strategy has put them in a very difficult position,” McDermott said. “It’s distracted them from their core business.”
But Oracle has its own “Off SAP” program, enticing 500 new customers in the past 10 months with license credits, Phillips said.
One customer that dumped Oracle was Swiss Army Brands, which had an old system from JD Edwards, which was acquired by PeopleSoft, then in turn bought by Oracle.
“We didn’t understand the Oracle strategy,” said Tom Hennigan, vice president of operations at Swiss Army Brands in Shelton, Conn. “We needed to do a conversion now and we didn’t want to be faced with another one down the line. The new product might be fantastic, but we didn’t have the appetite to do another conversion three years after the fact.”
‘They infused life’
One JD Edwards customer who decided to stay with Oracle said he was encouraged by its recent pledge to support older software for years to come.
“I think Oracle’s acquisition of PeopleSoft was very good for JD Edwards,” said John Matelski, chief security officer and deputy chief information officer for the City of Orlando. “It allowed us to prolong the life of our current product line. They infused life into all the products that JD Edwards developed.”
Matelski, who also heads an independent Oracle users group, said customers are concerned the company may be taking on too much by maintaining and supporting older software at the same time it’s developing a whole new suite. “They have assured me and others they have the resources to do it,” Matelski said.
But Phillips cautioned that there are misconceptions about Oracle’s development of Fusion.
“We are not starting with a clean sheet of paper,” he said. “We are not taking all these applications and mashing them together. People think there is some science project going on. A new version is something we do all the time. . . . We are always taking code out and rewriting it.”
|
|||||
correct_subsidiary_00137
|
FactBench
|
1
| 39 |
https://www.networkcomputing.com/network-infrastructure/oracle-digs-heels-into-telecom-space
|
en
|
Oracle Digs Heels Into Telecom Space
|
https://www.networkcomputing.com/build/_assets/networkcomputing-5CNYYZDG.ico
|
https://www.networkcomputing.com/build/_assets/networkcomputing-5CNYYZDG.ico
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[
""
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2006-04-19T00:56:00+00:00
|
Oracle targets support for telecommunications carriers, unveiling plans for a service delivery platform (SDP).
|
en
|
/build/_assets/networkcomputing-5CNYYZDG.ico
|
https://www.networkcomputing.com/network-infrastructure/oracle-digs-heels-into-telecom-space
|
Oracle Corp. made a move to target support for telecommunications carriers Tuesday, unveiling plans for a service delivery platform (SDP).
The plan means designing the SDP to assist carriers, network operators and systems integrators transition to service-oriented architecture (SOA) as pressure mounts to install an Internet-protocol (IP) network, speed provisioning and more quickly deliver service offerings based on industry standards, Parlay and Session Initiation Protocol (SIP).
About 90 percent of the telecommunications carriers, such as Vodofone and Nextel, already use Oracle applications or infrastructure; Nine U.S. and European mobile operator deploy Oracle database, and 17 of the world's top 20 communications companies use applications, said Charles Phillips, co-president of Oracle during a call with analysts and press.
The pressure presents Oracle with opportunities to deliver products that let telecommunication carriers build new services, Phillips said.
These range from voice over IP (VoIP) and video conferencing to data and mobile. To offer these services, telecommunications carriers will converge traditional voice networks with data IP backbones to offer all services.Preparing for the transition, Oracle has been buying-up small, niche players with roughly three employees to build-out database, middleware and enterprise application.
Some of the acquired technology has gone toward digging deeper into the telecommunications sector, Sonny Singh, Oracle's senior vice president global industries business unit, told TechWeb Monday at the company's campus in Redwood Shores, Calif. "Some of these companies are very small," he said. "A few people offering something very specialized in that space."
Pieces of the SDP are available. SDP, so far, includes Oracle 10g relational database, real application clusters, as well as Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database acquired in June. HotSIP, acquired in February, enables Internet protocol multimedia subsystems (IMS); and Net4Call, which supports legacy networks, has helped to fill out the platform.
Oracle plans to deliver additional functions later this year. The strategy will provide one programming environment based on J2EE, making it easier for developers to deploy new and integrate exiting services more quickly. SDP also includes messaging capabilities to access content from mobile devices, as well as adapters that connect the platform to network components and telecommunications equipment.
The application layer for telecommunications carriers focuses on order management, fulfillment and billing. They're being built with technologies from Oracle and Siebel, and now Portal Software Inc., after Oracle announced intensions last week to acquire the company for $220 million in cash.Portal offers billing and revenue management software used by communications companies in the wireless, cable, broadband, Internet and wireline telephone sectors.
Oracle will expand offering through Fusion middleware, giving users access to newer mobile, voice services and enterprise applications through traditional networks, and those based on IMS and voice over IP (VoIP).
Still in the works are call-control across IMS and legacy networks, integration with billing systems, support for device management and device repository, as well as services that include mobile content delivery, VoIP and virtual public branch exchange.
Oracle also said SDP will support the Oracle Application Server and products BEA Systems and JBoss.
Carriers can expect other products, too, as Oracle continues to build a service-delivery platform based on industry protocols. "We are working with Accenture to combine their capabilities around distributed auto fulfillment with our applications to create a solution for the market," Singh said.0
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correct_subsidiary_00137
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FactBench
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1
| 78 |
https://www.tiktok.com/%40jalisemaridesigns/video/7289986008089742635
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en
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Make Your Day
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en
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