Jenjamin3000/MNLP_M3_MCQA_before_FT · Datasets at Hugging Face

id stringlengths 6 15	question_type stringclasses 1 value	question stringlengths 15 683	choices listlengths 4 4	answer stringclasses 5 values	explanation stringclasses 481 values
sciq-5784	multiple_choice	What reinforces the thin walls of the right ventricle and plays a crucial role in cardiac conduction?	[ "moderator valve", "pores band", "pores valve", "moderator band" ]	D
sciq-7815	multiple_choice	What is the study of ecosystems?	[ "ecology", "botany", "physics", "geology" ]	A
sciq-3106	multiple_choice	What is hole that is dug or drilled through the ground down to an aquifer?	[ "elevator", "cave", "well", "big hole" ]	C
sciq-785	multiple_choice	Centrioles are a very important part of what?	[ "centrosomes", "centricles", "enterocytes", "tubercles" ]	A
sciq-11443	multiple_choice	Adult tunicates also develop a sac, called a what?	[ "frill", "tunic", "hood", "skirt" ]	B
sciq-3814	multiple_choice	How many digits do primates have on each extremity?	[ "ten", "four", "five", "three" ]	C
sciq-9510	multiple_choice	If a sperm fertilizes an egg of a seed plant, the zygote grows into what?	[ "sporophyte embryo", "pulsation embryo", "homostatic embyro", "progeny embryo" ]	A
scienceQA-1497	multiple_choice	Select the animal.	[ "Fig trees have many leaves.", "Oak trees can have thick branches.", "Manta rays swim underwater.", "Fir trees have green leaves." ]	C	A fir tree is a plant. It has green leaves. The leaves of fir trees are called needles. A fig tree is a plant. It has many leaves. Fig trees grow in dry, sunny places. An oak tree is a plant. It can have thick branches. Acorns grow on oak trees. Acorns are small nuts with a seed inside. A manta ray is an animal. It swims underwater. Manta rays are fish. They have triangle-shaped fins.
sciq-9880	multiple_choice	The second step in eukaryotic cell division is division of which part of the cell?	[ "molecules", "Cell Division", "nucleus", "protons" ]	C
sciq-4044	multiple_choice	How much exercise should a person ideally get during a single day?	[ "hour", "three hours", "fifteen minutes", "six hours" ]	A
sciq-8203	multiple_choice	Haumea, which is the third brightest kuiper belt object has an odd oval shape which is probably caused by what?	[ "unusually rapid rotation", "extremely rapid rotation", "particularly rapid rotation", "Slow rotation" ]	B
sciq-5423	multiple_choice	In sexually reproducing organisms, parents pass a copy of each type of what to their offspring by producing gametes?	[ "phenotype", "chromosome", "molecule", "genome" ]	B
sciq-2344	multiple_choice	Dominant alleles rarely cause what type of disorders, since the mutant allele is likely to die out of the population?	[ "sex-linked disorders", "mutations", "genetic disorders", "cancers" ]	C
sciq-5684	multiple_choice	What branch of science is the study of the universe, not of cosmetics?	[ "cosmology", "astronomy", "epistemology", "theology" ]	A
sciq-7671	multiple_choice	Of course, a net external force is needed to cause any acceleration, just as newton proposed in his second law of what?	[ "speed", "gravity", "land", "motion" ]	D
ai2_arc-964	multiple_choice	Many communities in the United States use coal to produce electricity. One problem with using coal is that	[ "very little energy is produced.", "ecosystems can be damaged.", "it contains harmful bacteria.", "it is a very rare resource." ]	B
ai2_arc-139	multiple_choice	Which activity is directly regulated by neurons?	[ "production of sex cells", "the beating of the heart", "the rate and the shape of bone growth", "levels of sugar in the blood" ]	B
sciq-4507	multiple_choice	When volcanoes erupt, what from the mantle is released as carbon dioxide into the air?	[ "hydrogen", "carbon", "lava", "vapor" ]	B
sciq-1483	multiple_choice	All gymnosperm species and many eudicot species undergo what?	[ "exploitation", "secondary growth", "third growth", "mutations" ]	B
ai2_arc-868	multiple_choice	Which of the following is a by-product of cellular respiration in animals?	[ "oxygen", "heat", "sugar", "protein" ]	B
sciq-10511	multiple_choice	What are considered to be the most basic concepts in the field of physical science?	[ "change and energy", "matter and energy", "force and matter", "energy and motion" ]	B
sciq-3511	multiple_choice	If particles have enough kinetic energy to completely overcome the force of attraction between them, matter exists as a what?	[ "liquid", "solid", "vapor", "gas" ]	D
sciq-9832	multiple_choice	Besides tasting food, what organ is necessary for mastication, deglutition (swallowing), and speech?	[ "throat", "tongue", "mouth", "larnyx" ]	B
sciq-6677	multiple_choice	What is it called when rays focus at different distances from the lens?	[ "constant aberration", "angular aberration", "carbon aberration", "spherical aberration" ]	D
sciq-3808	multiple_choice	Any organism that causes disease is called what?	[ "a pathogen", "a virus", "a microbe", "a parasite" ]	A
sciq-7787	multiple_choice	What are the most advanced group of seedless vascular plants called?	[ "conifers", "grasses", "shrubs", "ferns" ]	D
sciq-810	multiple_choice	What is another word for saturated hydrocarbons?	[ "aldehydes", "catalysts", "alkanes", "enzymes" ]	C
sciq-1321	multiple_choice	Vesicular transport includes exocytosis and what?	[ "phagocytosis", "endocytosis", "meiosis", "metastasis" ]	B
sciq-7578	multiple_choice	What is the name given to the use of controlled nuclear fusion as an energy source?	[ "thermonuclear power", "generator power", "fossil fuel", "half-life" ]	A
sciq-9706	multiple_choice	The arrangement of what plant structures can be classified as either alternate, spiral, or opposite?	[ "roots", "fruits", "spores", "leaves" ]	D
sciq-6545	multiple_choice	Alzheimer’s disease is a disease that occurs mainly in what population?	[ "white adults", "female adults", "younger adults", "older adults" ]	D
sciq-11115	multiple_choice	Living things are highly organized following a hierarchy that includes atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems. organisms, in turn, are grouped as populations, communities, ecosystems, and this?	[ "bionicsphere", "biosphere", "endosphere", "hydrosphere" ]	B
sciq-10307	multiple_choice	Dietary proteins are broken down into amino acids during what process?	[ "accumulation", "filtration", "digestion", "photosynthesis" ]	C
scienceQA-6251	multiple_choice	Which of the following organisms is the primary consumer in this food web?	[ "phytoplankton", "kelp bass", "orca", "sea otter" ]	B	Primary consumers eat producers. So, in a food web, primary consumers have arrows pointing to them from producers. The kelp bass has an arrow pointing to it from the kelp. The kelp is a producer, so the kelp bass is a primary consumer. The orca has an arrow pointing to it from the sea otter. The sea otter is not a producer. So, the orca is not a primary consumer. The sea otter has an arrow pointing to it from the sea urchin. The sea urchin is not a producer. So, the sea otter is not a primary consumer. The zooplankton has an arrow pointing to it from the phytoplankton. The phytoplankton is a producer, so the zooplankton is a primary consumer. The phytoplankton does not have any arrows pointing to it. So, the phytoplankton is not a primary consumer.
sciq-1125	multiple_choice	The pull of the moon’s gravity on earth is the main cause of what water phenomenon?	[ "waves", "floods", "tides", "storms" ]	C
sciq-2321	multiple_choice	What make distant objects appear both nearer and larger?	[ "mirrors", "lasers", "telescopes", "astrolabes" ]	C
sciq-10827	multiple_choice	What type of motor is used in most household devices with moving parts?	[ "vacuum motors", "thermal motors", "cooling motors", "electric motors" ]	D
sciq-4098	multiple_choice	Large increases in the diversity of life have resulted from adaptive radiations that followed what?	[ "mass extinctions", "mass migrations", "mass mutations", "glaciers" ]	A
ai2_arc-328	multiple_choice	Dr. Tanaka discovered a new virus. The virus has a single strand of a nucleic acid, but she does not know if it is DNA or RNA. After running tests, she concludes that it is DNA. Which of the following would lead her to that conclusion?	[ "It contains uracil.", "It contains adenine.", "It contains thymine.", "It contains cytosine." ]	C
sciq-6334	multiple_choice	In which human organ do the juveniles develop into sexually mature adults?	[ "muscles", "liver", "tissues", "intestines" ]	D
sciq-11532	multiple_choice	Density and pressure of air decreases with what?	[ "temperature", "humidity", "horizontal distance", "altitude" ]	D
sciq-2450	multiple_choice	What phylum includes snails, squids and clams?	[ "porifera", "protozoa", "mollusca", "cnidaria" ]	C
sciq-4493	multiple_choice	What term is used to describe the muscular canal (approximately 10 cm long) that serves as the entrance to the reproductive tract?	[ "vagina", "cervix", "urethra", "uterus" ]	A
sciq-1425	multiple_choice	Where does an object gain or lose it's energy to during travel through a potential difference?	[ "magnetic field", "electric field", "particle field", "wave field" ]	B
sciq-10211	multiple_choice	What is an involuntary muscle contraction that moves rapidly along an organ like a wave called?	[ "peristalsis", "esophagus", "ruptured nerve", "apoptosis" ]	A
sciq-7258	multiple_choice	A low level of radiation occurs naturally in the environment and is called what?	[ "Alpha radiation", "Beta radiation", "background radiation", "Gamma radiation" ]	C
sciq-7756	multiple_choice	What were the first animals to have true lungs and limbs for life on land?	[ "birds", "mammals", "reptiles", "amphibians" ]	D
sciq-163	multiple_choice	What type of reproduction only involves one parent?	[ "binary", "asexual", "organic", "primitive" ]	B
sciq-4618	multiple_choice	How many pairs of autosomes are there?	[ "Seven", "three", "five", "four" ]	B
sciq-2199	multiple_choice	Meiosis and mitosis are both preceded by one round of what?	[ "cellular respiration", "internal fertilization", "germination", "dna replication" ]	D
sciq-4742	multiple_choice	What is at the surface of a cell, arranged in similar bilayer?	[ "eukaryotes", "pigments", "fats", "phospholipids" ]	D
sciq-7445	multiple_choice	How does heat travel from the sun to the earth?	[ "through sound waves", "through light waves", "secondary radiation from the sun", "thermal radiation from the sun" ]	D
sciq-6603	multiple_choice	Stomata must control the transpiration of water vapor and the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen that take place during what process?	[ "spermatogenesis", "photosynthesis", "fertilization", "glycolysis" ]	B
sciq-11142	multiple_choice	In birds, lightweight air-filled bones and a large four-chambered heart are examples of adaptations for what purpose?	[ "long lifespan", "speed", "mating", "flight" ]	D
sciq-2979	multiple_choice	What type of coal deposits are the most extensive ever formed?	[ "jurassic", "precambrian", "carboniferous", "mesozoic" ]	C
sciq-746	multiple_choice	Synovial and ball-and-socket are both types of what?	[ "joints", "muscles", "bonds", "cells" ]	A
sciq-2231	multiple_choice	What organism carries out only fermentation or anaerobic respiration?	[ "metabolites", "aerobicc enzymes", "aldehydes", "obligate anaerobes" ]	D
ai2_arc-106	multiple_choice	Which of the following has the greatest effect on the speed at which sound travels through a gas?	[ "the ability of electrons to travel through a medium", "the frequency of the wave", "the amplitude of the wave", "the proximity of the molecules of the medium" ]	D
ai2_arc-286	multiple_choice	On February 21, a student observes that the Moon cannot be seen in the clear night sky. On what date will the student not be able to see the Moon again in the clear night sky?	[ "February 28", "March 7", "March 14", "March 21" ]	D
scienceQA-5525	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? filtering air to remove dust and pollen a crayon melting in the sun	[ "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are caused by cooling." ]	A	Step 1: Think about each change. Filtering air to remove dust and pollen is a physical change. The air flows through the filter, and the pollen and dust stay behind. This separates the mixture of air, pollen, and dust. But separating a mixture does not form a different type of matter. A crayon melting in the sun is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The crayon changes state from solid to liquid. The crayon is still made of wax, even after it melts. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are physical changes. No new matter is created. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are physical changes. They are not chemical changes. Both are caused by heating. A crayon melting in the sun is caused by heating. But filtering air is not. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.
sciq-10127	multiple_choice	Lodgepole cones remain closed until exposed to what?	[ "extreme heat", "UV light", "predators", "precipitation" ]	A
sciq-1105	multiple_choice	Radar maps of venus show that it has mountains, canyons and volcanoes surrounded by plains of what?	[ "helium", "grasses", "water", "lava" ]	D
sciq-8573	multiple_choice	Where do carrier proteins carry ions or molecules?	[ "across the membrane", "between nuclei", "across isotopes", "back to nucleus" ]	A
sciq-9371	multiple_choice	What are the lipids containing phosphorus?	[ "alkaloids", "eukaryotes", "phospholipids", "hemoglobin" ]	C
sciq-2846	multiple_choice	In species with sexual reproduction, each cell of the body has two copies of each what?	[ "dna strand", "rna strand", "cell", "chromosome" ]	D
sciq-6844	multiple_choice	What is a simple machine that consists of a rope wrapped around a grooved wheel?	[ "Inclined plane", "Wheel and axle", "a pulley", "Lever" ]	C
sciq-93	multiple_choice	What secures together immovable joints and prevents them from moving?	[ "light collagen", "dense cartilage", "dense collagen", "light cartilage" ]	C
ai2_arc-351	multiple_choice	Which element makes up most of the air we breathe.	[ "carbon", "nitrogen", "oxygen", "argon" ]	B
sciq-6713	multiple_choice	What is the name of muscular blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart?	[ "tubes", "arteries", "Aorta", "Veins" ]	B
sciq-517	multiple_choice	Distance traveled divided by time yields what measurement, which is another word used to describe the speed of a chemical reaction?	[ "acceleration", "displacement", "rate", "flow" ]	C
sciq-10241	multiple_choice	Overharvesting is especially challenging for species with what type of habitat?	[ "restricted", "classified", "allowed", "tundra" ]	A
sciq-8153	multiple_choice	What is the largest planet in the solar system?	[ "pluto", "saturn", "jupiter", "mars" ]	C
sciq-4494	multiple_choice	What type of energy travels through space as electrical and magnetic waves?	[ "sound energy", "electromagnetic energy", "solar energy", "mechanical energy" ]	B
scienceQA-11832	multiple_choice	Which of the following organisms is the secondary consumer in this food web?	[ "persimmon tree", "silver maple", "pine vole", "swallowtail caterpillar" ]	C	Secondary consumers eat primary consumers, and primary consumers eat producers. So, in a food web, secondary consumers have arrows pointing to them from primary consumers. Primary consumers have arrows pointing to them from producers. The persimmon tree does not have any arrows pointing to it. So, the persimmon tree is not a secondary consumer. The silver maple does not have any arrows pointing to it. So, the silver maple is not a secondary consumer. The swallowtail caterpillar has an arrow pointing to it from the persimmon tree. The persimmon tree is not a primary consumer, so the swallowtail caterpillar is not a secondary consumer. The black bear has arrows pointing to it from the swallowtail caterpillar and the beaver. The swallowtail caterpillar and the beaver are primary consumers, so the black bear is a secondary consumer. The pine vole has an arrow pointing to it from the swallowtail caterpillar. The swallowtail caterpillar is a primary consumer, so the pine vole is a secondary consumer.
sciq-9199	multiple_choice	An infection may be intracellular or extracellular, depending on this?	[ "pollen", "pathogen", "microbes", "bacteria" ]	B
sciq-2391	multiple_choice	What part of the sporophyte produces microspores that form male gametophytes and megaspores that form female gametophytes?	[ "chloroplasts", "pollen", "leaves", "flower" ]	D
scienceQA-3317	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? mixing lettuce and salad dressing ice crystals forming on a window	[ "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are chemical changes." ]	A	Step 1: Think about each change. Mixing lettuce and salad dressing is a physical change. Together, the salad and dressing make a mixture. But making this mixture does not form a different type of matter. Ice crystals forming on a window is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. Water vapor in the air can change directly into ice when it touches a very cold window! A change of state from a gas to a solid is called depositing. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are physical changes. No new matter is created. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are physical changes. They are not chemical changes. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Ice crystals form on a window when water vapor in the air becomes ice. This is caused by cooling. But mixing lettuce and salad dressing is not.
sciq-10668	multiple_choice	The as yet undiscovered grand unified theory is a search to unify laws of what branch of science?	[ "genetics", "masses", "chemistry", "physics" ]	D
sciq-4424	multiple_choice	What does photosynthesis change light energy into?	[ "radiation energy", "chemical energy", "electrical energy", "carbon energy" ]	B
sciq-10900	multiple_choice	Which theorem states that, if a population meets certain conditions, it will be in equilibrium?	[ "hardy - zeiss theorem", "hardy-weinberg theorem", "hardy- jacksons theorem", "hardy - henkel theorem" ]	B
sciq-9409	multiple_choice	What do you call vesicle transport into the cell?	[ "passive transport", "dialysis", "metastasis", "endocytosis" ]	D
ai2_arc-342	multiple_choice	Students study human body structure to learn how the body functions. Which life-size model would best represent the size, shape, and location of human internal organs?	[ "a two-dimensional upper body diagram with magnetic stickers of the organs", "a three-dimensional plastic upper body with removable parts", "a two-dimensional detailed wall poster", "a three-dimensional paper body" ]	B
sciq-631	multiple_choice	Compared to others, what type of liquid has a relatively high surface tension and heat capacity?	[ "water", "blood", "wine", "oil" ]	A
sciq-5984	multiple_choice	What takes place at some coastlines or along the equator and brings cool, nutrient-rich water to the surface?	[ "red tide", "flooding", "upwelling", "high tide" ]	C
sciq-500	multiple_choice	The products of photosynthesis are glucose and what else?	[ "carbon", "hydrogen", "oxygen", "nitrogen" ]	C
sciq-5627	multiple_choice	Most food chains and webs have a maximum of how many trophic levels?	[ "6", "4", "3", "10" ]	B
sciq-4734	multiple_choice	An electrical motor changes electrical energy into what?	[ "chemical energy", "thermal energy", "solar energy", "mechanical energy" ]	D
sciq-4879	multiple_choice	The enzyme pepsin works only in the presence of what?	[ "acid", "carbohydrates", "sodium", "oxygen" ]	A
ai2_arc-130	multiple_choice	A geologist conducts an investigation to determine the absolute age of a fossil. She then repeats the procedure three times. Which best explains why she repeated the procedure several times?	[ "It helps her develop better procedures.", "It improves the accuracy of the results.", "She wants all the results to be different.", "She has more than one hypothesis to prove." ]	B
sciq-10550	multiple_choice	What is the term for the breakdown of unstable isotopes into stable elements?	[ "radioactive decay", "secondary decay", "radioactive decrease", "isotopic decay" ]	A
scienceQA-3226	multiple_choice	Select the reptile below.	[ "salt water crocodile", "gray tree frog", "whale shark", "giraffe" ]	A	A gray tree frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. There are many kinds of tree frogs. Most tree frogs are very small. They can walk on thin branches. A salt water crocodile is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Crocodiles hunt their prey in or near water. A whale shark is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Whale sharks are the largest fish in the world! Adult whale sharks can weigh over 21 tons—as much as seven elephants! A giraffe is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk. Giraffes eat mostly leaves that are too high up for other animals to reach.
sciq-5034	multiple_choice	Glycerol is a triol, an alcohol which contains three what?	[ "hydroxl acidic groups", "hydroxl functional groups", "stark functional groups", "cytoplasm functional groups" ]	B
sciq-6488	multiple_choice	Giardia is an example of a protozoa that uses flagella for what purpose?	[ "nutrients", "light", "reproduction", "movement" ]	D
sciq-6344	multiple_choice	Each organism inherits one of what item for each gene from each parent?	[ "molecule", "cell", "phenotype", "allele" ]	D
sciq-11006	multiple_choice	In which direction does heat always flow through objects?	[ "from cooler to hotter", "from low to high", "from hotter to cooler", "from left to right" ]	C
ai2_arc-604	multiple_choice	One type of cold remedy is an effervescent tablet that breaks down in water. When the tablet is placed in water, it forms gas bubbles. In this example, the formation of a gas	[ "is a physical property.", "occurs when adding water to acid.", "is a sign of a chemical change.", "occurs when the water boils." ]	C
ai2_arc-304	multiple_choice	A scientist on a field trip discovered a new organism. She examined its cells under a microscope and observed several different structures, including a nucleus, a cell wall, and some chloroplasts. This organism would correctly be classified in which of the following kingdoms?	[ "Animalia", "Monera", "Plantae", "Fungi" ]	C
sciq-1136	multiple_choice	Find the overall magnification of what instrument by finding the magnification of the objective, then the magnification of the eyepiece?	[ "part microscope", "Fixing microscope", "compound microscope", "belt microscope" ]	C
sciq-529	multiple_choice	What type of device do scientist use to determine wind speed?	[ "dynamometer", "barometer", "photometer", "anemometer" ]	D
sciq-5570	multiple_choice	What is asexual reproduction in which an egg develops without being fertilized called?	[ "budding", "parthenogenesis", "binary fission", "metamorphosis" ]	B

sciq-5784

multiple_choice

What reinforces the thin walls of the right ventricle and plays a crucial role in cardiac conduction?

[ "moderator valve", "pores band", "pores valve", "moderator band" ]

D

sciq-7815

multiple_choice

What is the study of ecosystems?

[ "ecology", "botany", "physics", "geology" ]

A

sciq-3106

multiple_choice

What is hole that is dug or drilled through the ground down to an aquifer?

[ "elevator", "cave", "well", "big hole" ]

C

sciq-785

multiple_choice

Centrioles are a very important part of what?

[ "centrosomes", "centricles", "enterocytes", "tubercles" ]

A

sciq-11443

multiple_choice

Adult tunicates also develop a sac, called a what?

[ "frill", "tunic", "hood", "skirt" ]

B

sciq-3814

multiple_choice

How many digits do primates have on each extremity?

[ "ten", "four", "five", "three" ]

C

sciq-9510

multiple_choice

If a sperm fertilizes an egg of a seed plant, the zygote grows into what?

[ "sporophyte embryo", "pulsation embryo", "homostatic embyro", "progeny embryo" ]

A

scienceQA-1497

multiple_choice

Select the animal.

[ "Fig trees have many leaves.", "Oak trees can have thick branches.", "Manta rays swim underwater.", "Fir trees have green leaves." ]

C

A fir tree is a plant. It has green leaves. The leaves of fir trees are called needles. A fig tree is a plant. It has many leaves. Fig trees grow in dry, sunny places. An oak tree is a plant. It can have thick branches. Acorns grow on oak trees. Acorns are small nuts with a seed inside. A manta ray is an animal. It swims underwater. Manta rays are fish. They have triangle-shaped fins.

sciq-9880

multiple_choice

The second step in eukaryotic cell division is division of which part of the cell?

[ "molecules", "Cell Division", "nucleus", "protons" ]

C

sciq-4044

multiple_choice

How much exercise should a person ideally get during a single day?

[ "hour", "three hours", "fifteen minutes", "six hours" ]

A

sciq-8203

multiple_choice

Haumea, which is the third brightest kuiper belt object has an odd oval shape which is probably caused by what?

[ "unusually rapid rotation", "extremely rapid rotation", "particularly rapid rotation", "Slow rotation" ]

B

sciq-5423

multiple_choice

In sexually reproducing organisms, parents pass a copy of each type of what to their offspring by producing gametes?

[ "phenotype", "chromosome", "molecule", "genome" ]

B

sciq-2344

multiple_choice

Dominant alleles rarely cause what type of disorders, since the mutant allele is likely to die out of the population?

[ "sex-linked disorders", "mutations", "genetic disorders", "cancers" ]

C

sciq-5684

multiple_choice

What branch of science is the study of the universe, not of cosmetics?

[ "cosmology", "astronomy", "epistemology", "theology" ]

A

sciq-7671

multiple_choice

Of course, a net external force is needed to cause any acceleration, just as newton proposed in his second law of what?

[ "speed", "gravity", "land", "motion" ]

D

ai2_arc-964

multiple_choice

Many communities in the United States use coal to produce electricity. One problem with using coal is that

[ "very little energy is produced.", "ecosystems can be damaged.", "it contains harmful bacteria.", "it is a very rare resource." ]

B

ai2_arc-139

multiple_choice

Which activity is directly regulated by neurons?

[ "production of sex cells", "the beating of the heart", "the rate and the shape of bone growth", "levels of sugar in the blood" ]

B

sciq-4507

multiple_choice

When volcanoes erupt, what from the mantle is released as carbon dioxide into the air?

[ "hydrogen", "carbon", "lava", "vapor" ]

B

sciq-1483

multiple_choice

All gymnosperm species and many eudicot species undergo what?

[ "exploitation", "secondary growth", "third growth", "mutations" ]

B

ai2_arc-868

multiple_choice

Which of the following is a by-product of cellular respiration in animals?

[ "oxygen", "heat", "sugar", "protein" ]

B

sciq-10511

multiple_choice

What are considered to be the most basic concepts in the field of physical science?

[ "change and energy", "matter and energy", "force and matter", "energy and motion" ]

B

sciq-3511

multiple_choice

If particles have enough kinetic energy to completely overcome the force of attraction between them, matter exists as a what?

[ "liquid", "solid", "vapor", "gas" ]

D

sciq-9832

multiple_choice

Besides tasting food, what organ is necessary for mastication, deglutition (swallowing), and speech?

[ "throat", "tongue", "mouth", "larnyx" ]

B

sciq-6677

multiple_choice

What is it called when rays focus at different distances from the lens?

[ "constant aberration", "angular aberration", "carbon aberration", "spherical aberration" ]

D

sciq-3808

multiple_choice

Any organism that causes disease is called what?

[ "a pathogen", "a virus", "a microbe", "a parasite" ]

A

sciq-7787

multiple_choice

What are the most advanced group of seedless vascular plants called?

[ "conifers", "grasses", "shrubs", "ferns" ]

D

sciq-810

multiple_choice

What is another word for saturated hydrocarbons?

[ "aldehydes", "catalysts", "alkanes", "enzymes" ]

C

sciq-1321

multiple_choice

Vesicular transport includes exocytosis and what?

[ "phagocytosis", "endocytosis", "meiosis", "metastasis" ]

B

sciq-7578

multiple_choice

What is the name given to the use of controlled nuclear fusion as an energy source?

[ "thermonuclear power", "generator power", "fossil fuel", "half-life" ]

A

sciq-9706

multiple_choice

The arrangement of what plant structures can be classified as either alternate, spiral, or opposite?

[ "roots", "fruits", "spores", "leaves" ]

D

sciq-6545

multiple_choice

Alzheimer’s disease is a disease that occurs mainly in what population?

[ "white adults", "female adults", "younger adults", "older adults" ]

D

sciq-11115

multiple_choice

Living things are highly organized following a hierarchy that includes atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems. organisms, in turn, are grouped as populations, communities, ecosystems, and this?

[ "bionicsphere", "biosphere", "endosphere", "hydrosphere" ]

B

sciq-10307

multiple_choice

Dietary proteins are broken down into amino acids during what process?

[ "accumulation", "filtration", "digestion", "photosynthesis" ]

C

scienceQA-6251

multiple_choice

Which of the following organisms is the primary consumer in this food web?

[ "phytoplankton", "kelp bass", "orca", "sea otter" ]

B

Primary consumers eat producers. So, in a food web, primary consumers have arrows pointing to them from producers. The kelp bass has an arrow pointing to it from the kelp. The kelp is a producer, so the kelp bass is a primary consumer. The orca has an arrow pointing to it from the sea otter. The sea otter is not a producer. So, the orca is not a primary consumer. The sea otter has an arrow pointing to it from the sea urchin. The sea urchin is not a producer. So, the sea otter is not a primary consumer. The zooplankton has an arrow pointing to it from the phytoplankton. The phytoplankton is a producer, so the zooplankton is a primary consumer. The phytoplankton does not have any arrows pointing to it. So, the phytoplankton is not a primary consumer.

sciq-1125

multiple_choice

The pull of the moon’s gravity on earth is the main cause of what water phenomenon?

[ "waves", "floods", "tides", "storms" ]

C

sciq-2321

multiple_choice

What make distant objects appear both nearer and larger?

[ "mirrors", "lasers", "telescopes", "astrolabes" ]

C

sciq-10827

multiple_choice

What type of motor is used in most household devices with moving parts?

[ "vacuum motors", "thermal motors", "cooling motors", "electric motors" ]

D

sciq-4098

multiple_choice

Large increases in the diversity of life have resulted from adaptive radiations that followed what?

[ "mass extinctions", "mass migrations", "mass mutations", "glaciers" ]

A

ai2_arc-328

multiple_choice

Dr. Tanaka discovered a new virus. The virus has a single strand of a nucleic acid, but she does not know if it is DNA or RNA. After running tests, she concludes that it is DNA. Which of the following would lead her to that conclusion?

[ "It contains uracil.", "It contains adenine.", "It contains thymine.", "It contains cytosine." ]

C

sciq-6334

multiple_choice

In which human organ do the juveniles develop into sexually mature adults?

[ "muscles", "liver", "tissues", "intestines" ]

D

sciq-11532

multiple_choice

Density and pressure of air decreases with what?

[ "temperature", "humidity", "horizontal distance", "altitude" ]

D

sciq-2450

multiple_choice

What phylum includes snails, squids and clams?

[ "porifera", "protozoa", "mollusca", "cnidaria" ]

C

sciq-4493

multiple_choice

What term is used to describe the muscular canal (approximately 10 cm long) that serves as the entrance to the reproductive tract?

[ "vagina", "cervix", "urethra", "uterus" ]

A

sciq-1425

multiple_choice

Where does an object gain or lose it's energy to during travel through a potential difference?

[ "magnetic field", "electric field", "particle field", "wave field" ]

B

sciq-10211

multiple_choice

What is an involuntary muscle contraction that moves rapidly along an organ like a wave called?

[ "peristalsis", "esophagus", "ruptured nerve", "apoptosis" ]

A

sciq-7258

multiple_choice

A low level of radiation occurs naturally in the environment and is called what?

[ "Alpha radiation", "Beta radiation", "background radiation", "Gamma radiation" ]

C

sciq-7756

multiple_choice

What were the first animals to have true lungs and limbs for life on land?

[ "birds", "mammals", "reptiles", "amphibians" ]

D

sciq-163

multiple_choice

What type of reproduction only involves one parent?

[ "binary", "asexual", "organic", "primitive" ]

B

sciq-4618

multiple_choice

How many pairs of autosomes are there?

[ "Seven", "three", "five", "four" ]

B

sciq-2199

multiple_choice

Meiosis and mitosis are both preceded by one round of what?

[ "cellular respiration", "internal fertilization", "germination", "dna replication" ]

D

sciq-4742

multiple_choice

What is at the surface of a cell, arranged in similar bilayer?

[ "eukaryotes", "pigments", "fats", "phospholipids" ]

D

sciq-7445

multiple_choice

How does heat travel from the sun to the earth?

[ "through sound waves", "through light waves", "secondary radiation from the sun", "thermal radiation from the sun" ]

D

sciq-6603

multiple_choice

Stomata must control the transpiration of water vapor and the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen that take place during what process?

[ "spermatogenesis", "photosynthesis", "fertilization", "glycolysis" ]

B

sciq-11142

multiple_choice

In birds, lightweight air-filled bones and a large four-chambered heart are examples of adaptations for what purpose?

[ "long lifespan", "speed", "mating", "flight" ]

D

sciq-2979

multiple_choice

What type of coal deposits are the most extensive ever formed?

[ "jurassic", "precambrian", "carboniferous", "mesozoic" ]

C

sciq-746

multiple_choice

Synovial and ball-and-socket are both types of what?

[ "joints", "muscles", "bonds", "cells" ]

A

sciq-2231

multiple_choice

What organism carries out only fermentation or anaerobic respiration?

[ "metabolites", "aerobicc enzymes", "aldehydes", "obligate anaerobes" ]

D

ai2_arc-106

multiple_choice

Which of the following has the greatest effect on the speed at which sound travels through a gas?

[ "the ability of electrons to travel through a medium", "the frequency of the wave", "the amplitude of the wave", "the proximity of the molecules of the medium" ]

D

ai2_arc-286

multiple_choice

On February 21, a student observes that the Moon cannot be seen in the clear night sky. On what date will the student not be able to see the Moon again in the clear night sky?

[ "February 28", "March 7", "March 14", "March 21" ]

D

scienceQA-5525

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? filtering air to remove dust and pollen a crayon melting in the sun

[ "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are caused by cooling." ]

A

Step 1: Think about each change. Filtering air to remove dust and pollen is a physical change. The air flows through the filter, and the pollen and dust stay behind. This separates the mixture of air, pollen, and dust. But separating a mixture does not form a different type of matter. A crayon melting in the sun is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The crayon changes state from solid to liquid. The crayon is still made of wax, even after it melts. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are physical changes. No new matter is created. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are physical changes. They are not chemical changes. Both are caused by heating. A crayon melting in the sun is caused by heating. But filtering air is not. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

sciq-10127

multiple_choice

Lodgepole cones remain closed until exposed to what?

[ "extreme heat", "UV light", "predators", "precipitation" ]

A

sciq-1105

multiple_choice

Radar maps of venus show that it has mountains, canyons and volcanoes surrounded by plains of what?

[ "helium", "grasses", "water", "lava" ]

D

sciq-8573

multiple_choice

Where do carrier proteins carry ions or molecules?

[ "across the membrane", "between nuclei", "across isotopes", "back to nucleus" ]

A

sciq-9371

multiple_choice

What are the lipids containing phosphorus?

[ "alkaloids", "eukaryotes", "phospholipids", "hemoglobin" ]

C

sciq-2846

multiple_choice

In species with sexual reproduction, each cell of the body has two copies of each what?

[ "dna strand", "rna strand", "cell", "chromosome" ]

D

sciq-6844

multiple_choice

What is a simple machine that consists of a rope wrapped around a grooved wheel?

[ "Inclined plane", "Wheel and axle", "a pulley", "Lever" ]

C

sciq-93

multiple_choice

What secures together immovable joints and prevents them from moving?

[ "light collagen", "dense cartilage", "dense collagen", "light cartilage" ]

C

ai2_arc-351

multiple_choice

Which element makes up most of the air we breathe.

[ "carbon", "nitrogen", "oxygen", "argon" ]

B

sciq-6713

multiple_choice

What is the name of muscular blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart?

[ "tubes", "arteries", "Aorta", "Veins" ]

B

sciq-517

multiple_choice

Distance traveled divided by time yields what measurement, which is another word used to describe the speed of a chemical reaction?

[ "acceleration", "displacement", "rate", "flow" ]

C

sciq-10241

multiple_choice

Overharvesting is especially challenging for species with what type of habitat?

[ "restricted", "classified", "allowed", "tundra" ]

A

sciq-8153

multiple_choice

What is the largest planet in the solar system?

[ "pluto", "saturn", "jupiter", "mars" ]

C

sciq-4494

multiple_choice

What type of energy travels through space as electrical and magnetic waves?

[ "sound energy", "electromagnetic energy", "solar energy", "mechanical energy" ]

B

scienceQA-11832

multiple_choice

Which of the following organisms is the secondary consumer in this food web?

[ "persimmon tree", "silver maple", "pine vole", "swallowtail caterpillar" ]

C

Secondary consumers eat primary consumers, and primary consumers eat producers. So, in a food web, secondary consumers have arrows pointing to them from primary consumers. Primary consumers have arrows pointing to them from producers. The persimmon tree does not have any arrows pointing to it. So, the persimmon tree is not a secondary consumer. The silver maple does not have any arrows pointing to it. So, the silver maple is not a secondary consumer. The swallowtail caterpillar has an arrow pointing to it from the persimmon tree. The persimmon tree is not a primary consumer, so the swallowtail caterpillar is not a secondary consumer. The black bear has arrows pointing to it from the swallowtail caterpillar and the beaver. The swallowtail caterpillar and the beaver are primary consumers, so the black bear is a secondary consumer. The pine vole has an arrow pointing to it from the swallowtail caterpillar. The swallowtail caterpillar is a primary consumer, so the pine vole is a secondary consumer.

sciq-9199

multiple_choice

An infection may be intracellular or extracellular, depending on this?

[ "pollen", "pathogen", "microbes", "bacteria" ]

B

sciq-2391

multiple_choice

What part of the sporophyte produces microspores that form male gametophytes and megaspores that form female gametophytes?

[ "chloroplasts", "pollen", "leaves", "flower" ]

D

scienceQA-3317

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? mixing lettuce and salad dressing ice crystals forming on a window

[ "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are chemical changes." ]

A

Step 1: Think about each change. Mixing lettuce and salad dressing is a physical change. Together, the salad and dressing make a mixture. But making this mixture does not form a different type of matter. Ice crystals forming on a window is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. Water vapor in the air can change directly into ice when it touches a very cold window! A change of state from a gas to a solid is called depositing. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are physical changes. No new matter is created. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are physical changes. They are not chemical changes. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Ice crystals form on a window when water vapor in the air becomes ice. This is caused by cooling. But mixing lettuce and salad dressing is not.

sciq-10668

multiple_choice

The as yet undiscovered grand unified theory is a search to unify laws of what branch of science?

[ "genetics", "masses", "chemistry", "physics" ]

D

sciq-4424

multiple_choice

What does photosynthesis change light energy into?

[ "radiation energy", "chemical energy", "electrical energy", "carbon energy" ]

B

sciq-10900

multiple_choice

Which theorem states that, if a population meets certain conditions, it will be in equilibrium?

[ "hardy - zeiss theorem", "hardy-weinberg theorem", "hardy- jacksons theorem", "hardy - henkel theorem" ]

B

sciq-9409

multiple_choice

What do you call vesicle transport into the cell?

[ "passive transport", "dialysis", "metastasis", "endocytosis" ]

D

ai2_arc-342

multiple_choice

Students study human body structure to learn how the body functions. Which life-size model would best represent the size, shape, and location of human internal organs?

[ "a two-dimensional upper body diagram with magnetic stickers of the organs", "a three-dimensional plastic upper body with removable parts", "a two-dimensional detailed wall poster", "a three-dimensional paper body" ]

B

sciq-631

multiple_choice

Compared to others, what type of liquid has a relatively high surface tension and heat capacity?

[ "water", "blood", "wine", "oil" ]

A

sciq-5984

multiple_choice

What takes place at some coastlines or along the equator and brings cool, nutrient-rich water to the surface?

[ "red tide", "flooding", "upwelling", "high tide" ]

C

sciq-500

multiple_choice

The products of photosynthesis are glucose and what else?

[ "carbon", "hydrogen", "oxygen", "nitrogen" ]

C

sciq-5627

multiple_choice

Most food chains and webs have a maximum of how many trophic levels?

[ "6", "4", "3", "10" ]

B

sciq-4734

multiple_choice

An electrical motor changes electrical energy into what?

[ "chemical energy", "thermal energy", "solar energy", "mechanical energy" ]

D

sciq-4879

multiple_choice

The enzyme pepsin works only in the presence of what?

[ "acid", "carbohydrates", "sodium", "oxygen" ]

A

ai2_arc-130

multiple_choice

A geologist conducts an investigation to determine the absolute age of a fossil. She then repeats the procedure three times. Which best explains why she repeated the procedure several times?

[ "It helps her develop better procedures.", "It improves the accuracy of the results.", "She wants all the results to be different.", "She has more than one hypothesis to prove." ]

B

sciq-10550

multiple_choice

What is the term for the breakdown of unstable isotopes into stable elements?

[ "radioactive decay", "secondary decay", "radioactive decrease", "isotopic decay" ]

A

scienceQA-3226

multiple_choice

Select the reptile below.

[ "salt water crocodile", "gray tree frog", "whale shark", "giraffe" ]

A

A gray tree frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. There are many kinds of tree frogs. Most tree frogs are very small. They can walk on thin branches. A salt water crocodile is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Crocodiles hunt their prey in or near water. A whale shark is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Whale sharks are the largest fish in the world! Adult whale sharks can weigh over 21 tons—as much as seven elephants! A giraffe is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk. Giraffes eat mostly leaves that are too high up for other animals to reach.

sciq-5034

multiple_choice

Glycerol is a triol, an alcohol which contains three what?

[ "hydroxl acidic groups", "hydroxl functional groups", "stark functional groups", "cytoplasm functional groups" ]

B

sciq-6488

multiple_choice

Giardia is an example of a protozoa that uses flagella for what purpose?

[ "nutrients", "light", "reproduction", "movement" ]

D

sciq-6344

multiple_choice

Each organism inherits one of what item for each gene from each parent?

[ "molecule", "cell", "phenotype", "allele" ]

D

sciq-11006

multiple_choice

In which direction does heat always flow through objects?

[ "from cooler to hotter", "from low to high", "from hotter to cooler", "from left to right" ]

C

ai2_arc-604

multiple_choice

One type of cold remedy is an effervescent tablet that breaks down in water. When the tablet is placed in water, it forms gas bubbles. In this example, the formation of a gas

[ "is a physical property.", "occurs when adding water to acid.", "is a sign of a chemical change.", "occurs when the water boils." ]

C

ai2_arc-304

multiple_choice

A scientist on a field trip discovered a new organism. She examined its cells under a microscope and observed several different structures, including a nucleus, a cell wall, and some chloroplasts. This organism would correctly be classified in which of the following kingdoms?

[ "Animalia", "Monera", "Plantae", "Fungi" ]

C

sciq-1136

multiple_choice

Find the overall magnification of what instrument by finding the magnification of the objective, then the magnification of the eyepiece?

[ "part microscope", "Fixing microscope", "compound microscope", "belt microscope" ]

C

sciq-529

multiple_choice

What type of device do scientist use to determine wind speed?

[ "dynamometer", "barometer", "photometer", "anemometer" ]

D

sciq-5570

multiple_choice

What is asexual reproduction in which an egg develops without being fertilized called?

[ "budding", "parthenogenesis", "binary fission", "metamorphosis" ]

B