Jenjamin3000/MNLP_M3_MCQA_before_FT · Datasets at Hugging Face

id stringlengths 6 15	question_type stringclasses 1 value	question stringlengths 15 683	choices listlengths 4 4	answer stringclasses 5 values	explanation stringclasses 481 values
sciq-6619	multiple_choice	What occurs when light bends as it passes from one type of matter to another?	[ "vibration", "refraction", "resonance", "reflection" ]	B
sciq-11393	multiple_choice	What is the leading cause of soil erosion?	[ "glacier movement", "volcanic explosions", "running water", "tidal winds" ]	C
sciq-5748	multiple_choice	Like mitochondria, plastids contain their own what?	[ "riboflavin", "bacteria", "dna", "molecule" ]	C
sciq-8485	multiple_choice	Scientists that study dolphins and other life in the ocean are called what?	[ "marine biologists", "sea biologists", "marine geneticists", "ocean biologists" ]	A
sciq-10119	multiple_choice	What type of machines generally have lower efficiency but greater mechanical advantage?	[ "compound machines", "simple machines", "calculation machines", "radical machines" ]	A
sciq-9336	multiple_choice	Each hemisphere of the brain contains regions called what that are involved in different functions?	[ "nodes", "lobes", "chambers", "folds" ]	B
sciq-9056	multiple_choice	The food particles are caught by the collar of the choanocyte and brought into the cell by what process?	[ "phototropism", "phagocytosis", "hippocampus", "cellular respiration" ]	B
sciq-10892	multiple_choice	What property does liquid display when it interacts with glass?	[ "property of adhesion", "property of oxidize", "property of repulsion", "property of diffusion" ]	A
scienceQA-7847	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? making paper from wood silver jewelry tarnishing	[ "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are chemical changes." ]	D	Step 1: Think about each change. Making paper from wood is a chemical change. Paper is made by mixing tiny pieces of wood with special chemicals. The wood reacts with the chemicals to form pulp. Wood and pulp are different types of matter. Metal turning less shiny over time is called tarnishing. Silver jewelry tarnishing is a chemical change. The silver reacts with sulfur in the air to form black tarnish. The tarnish is a different type of matter that was not there before the change. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.
sciq-4777	multiple_choice	Bacterial dna is contained in a large, circular strand; this single chromosome is located in a region of the cell called what?	[ "the nucleoid", "polypeptide", "nucleic acid", "amino acid" ]	A
sciq-10179	multiple_choice	What structures are located on roof of the nasopharynx and on each side of the pharynx?	[ "tonsils", "uvula", "tongues", "testicles" ]	A
sciq-1569	multiple_choice	What kind of fuels include coal, oil, and natural gas?	[ "ancient", "fossil", "storage", "sediment" ]	B
sciq-100	multiple_choice	In a chemical reaction, the amounts of reactants and products will be constant when what state is attained?	[ "equilibrium", "peak", "saturation", "homogeneity" ]	A
sciq-9390	multiple_choice	The thick tunica media allows muscular arteries to play a leading role in what?	[ "vasodilation", "vasoconstriction", "accumulation", "inhibition" ]	B
scienceQA-5997	multiple_choice	Select the fish below.	[ "cobra", "tortoise", "sea turtle", "seahorse" ]	D	A seahorse is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Seahorses live in shallow, warm water. They can use their tails to hold on to plants. A tortoise is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. A tortoise's shell protects it from predators. When a tortoise feels threatened, it can pull its head and legs inside its shell. A sea turtle is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Sea turtles live in the water, but they lay their eggs on land. A cobra is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Most cobras have a wide, flat hood below their head. A cobra can display its hood to scare away a predator.
sciq-6857	multiple_choice	In what type of climate might one find deciduous trees?	[ "moist continental", "humid continental", "thick continental", "Dry Continental" ]	B
sciq-7575	multiple_choice	The presence of what stratospheric gas layer decreases the frequency of skin cancer and other damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation?	[ "plasma", "smog", "ozone", "cumulonimbus" ]	C
scienceQA-10380	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? breaking a piece of glass molding clay into the shape of a pot	[ "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are caused by heating." ]	A	Step 1: Think about each change. Breaking a piece of glass is a physical change. The glass gets broken into pieces. But each piece is still made of the same type of matter. Molding clay into the shape of a pot is a physical change. The clay gets a different shape. But it is made of the same type of matter. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are physical changes. No new matter is created. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are physical changes. They are not chemical changes. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.
sciq-8299	multiple_choice	Which direction from the source do pollutants in an aquifer spread?	[ "inward", "outward", "forward", "southward" ]	B
sciq-6415	multiple_choice	What force pulls objects toward the center of the earth?	[ "centrifugal force", "gravity", "momentum", "kinetic energy" ]	B
ai2_arc-464	multiple_choice	Some plants, like redwood trees, may live for thousands of years. Some plants, like the black-eyed Susan wildflower, may only live a few weeks. What would these plants most likely have in common in order to survive?	[ "using cones for spreading seeds", "a successful way to reproduce", "the ability to live in the desert", "thorns to keep away animals" ]	B
sciq-3977	multiple_choice	What is the transfer of thermal energy between particles of matter that are touching called?	[ "convection", "activation", "radiation", "conduction" ]	D
sciq-5656	multiple_choice	Whose rules are too simple to explain the inheritance of human height?	[ "Pascal", "Darwin", "mendel", "Einstein" ]	C
sciq-1516	multiple_choice	Which organ of the body do large tapeworms attack or block?	[ "heart", "kidneys", "liver", "intestines" ]	D
sciq-5566	multiple_choice	Each new horizontal row of the periodic table corresponds to the beginning of a new period because a new principal energy level is being filled with what?	[ "electrons", "protons", "neutrons", "photons" ]	A
sciq-2477	multiple_choice	What lens shape corrects myopia?	[ "curve", "concave", "convex", "flat" ]	B
sciq-9160	multiple_choice	Most organisms could not survive without what being present to speed up biochemical reactions?	[ "enzymes", "hormones", "lipids", "vitamins" ]	A
sciq-4635	multiple_choice	What process brings nutrients from the ocean's floor to its surface?	[ "upwelling", "Tides", "coastal swell", "Down welling" ]	A
sciq-504	multiple_choice	Nearly all protists exist in some type of aquatic environment, including freshwater and marine environments, damp soil, and even snow. several protist species are parasites that infect animals or plants. a few protist species live on dead organisms or their wastes, and contribute to what?	[ "spontaneous mutation", "greenhouse gas", "habitat loss", "their decay" ]	D
sciq-5074	multiple_choice	Ice cubes in cola cause the cola to lose what?	[ "gravity", "thermal energy", "mechanical energy", "kinetic energy" ]	B
sciq-6185	multiple_choice	Prokaryotic organisms, like bacteria, reproduce through what process, where they grow and divide in half?	[ "singular fission", "symbiotic fission", "binary fission", "multiple fission" ]	C
ai2_arc-559	multiple_choice	In pea plants, the allele for smooth peas is dominant (S). If a heterozygous smooth pea plant (Ss) is crossed with a homozygous smooth pea plant (SS), which are the possible genotypes the offspring could have?	[ "only SS", "only Ss", "Ss or SS", "ss or SS" ]	C
sciq-11368	multiple_choice	What do you call a science that aims to find solutions to practical problems?	[ "evolved science", "applied experience", "experimental science", "applied science" ]	D
sciq-49	multiple_choice	The formation of an amalgam allows the metal to react with what?	[ "cloth and plastic", "blood and sweat", "air and water", "helium and oxygen" ]	C
sciq-1480	multiple_choice	Chemical digestion in the small intestine cannot occur without the help of the pancreas and what bile-producing organ?	[ "stomach", "kidney", "heart", "liver" ]	D
sciq-11540	multiple_choice	What is the term for a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction but is not changed or used up in the reaction?	[ "a contribute", "a catalyst", "a mechanism", "an acid" ]	B
sciq-4035	multiple_choice	Alpha, beta and gamma are three types of what?	[ "directions", "mutation", "convection", "radiation" ]	D
ai2_arc-25	multiple_choice	Coal is solid rock that began as organic material that was deposited in a swamp. The formation of coal suggests that	[ "coal is made mostly of skeletal remains of animals.", "coal is formed from magma that has solidified over time.", "it quickly becomes petrified when water is removed.", "geologic processes continue over millions of years." ]	D
sciq-3249	multiple_choice	Besides greenland, where are the earth's largest ice sheets found?	[ "antarctica", "North America", "Asia", "Europe" ]	A
sciq-9925	multiple_choice	What is another name for a reasonable explanation for something that might be formed near the beginning of a scientific inquiry into a problem?	[ "experiment", "theory", "conclusion", "hypothesis" ]	D
sciq-5503	multiple_choice	Winds moving air masses causes what?	[ "tremors", "earthquake", "tsunami", "weather" ]	D
sciq-8392	multiple_choice	Ice ages, continental drift, and giant meteorites striking earth have caused what phenomenon?	[ "extinction", "depletion", "gravity", "waves" ]	A
sciq-6960	multiple_choice	Motor neurons and sensory neurons are part of what nervous system?	[ "sensory-somatic", "autonomic", "peripheral", "central" ]	A
sciq-1450	multiple_choice	Depending on the surrounding conditions, normal matter usually exists as one of three phases: solid, liquid, or this?	[ "gas", "fluid", "ice", "crystal" ]	A
sciq-1397	multiple_choice	What type of waste is eliminated from the body through the anus?	[ "liquid", "solid", "urine", "carbon dioxide" ]	B
sciq-8698	multiple_choice	Lava that enters the water is called what?	[ "pillow lava", "saltwater lava", "lava flow", "magma runoff" ]	A
sciq-11354	multiple_choice	What can sodium ions not pass through?	[ "narrowness lipid bilayer", "nonpolar lipid bilayer", "benthic lipid bilayer", "Lipid Control" ]	B
sciq-8184	multiple_choice	What is the study of the chemical elements necessary for plant growth called?	[ "photosynthesis", "plant propagation", "phototropism", "plant nutrition" ]	D
sciq-4090	multiple_choice	Heavier isotopes of plutonium are also produced when lighter plutonium nuclei capture what?	[ "molecules", "protons", "electrons", "neutrons" ]	D
sciq-10638	multiple_choice	Where do organisms acquire toxic substances from along with nutrients and water?	[ "environment", "isolation", "movement", "reproduction" ]	A
sciq-7233	multiple_choice	What branch of science holds hope for developing crops with genes that help them withstand harsh conditions?	[ "biotechnology", "physics", "chemistry", "physiology" ]	A
sciq-3837	multiple_choice	Vertebrates are a subphylum of what phylum?	[ "chordata", "hydrozoa", "porifera", "arthropoda" ]	A
sciq-4440	multiple_choice	Inside a cylinder, thermal energy is converted to what type of energy of the moving piston?	[ "kinetic energy", "electrochemical energy", "residual energy", "horsepower" ]	A
sciq-4363	multiple_choice	The a in atp is short for what?	[ "acid", "acetic", "amino", "adenosine" ]	D
sciq-8308	multiple_choice	How long does membrane depoloriazation typically last for?	[ "one minute", "5 minutes", "1 hour", "3 seconds" ]	A
ai2_arc-1074	multiple_choice	Some of the new cars being made can run on a renewable fuel that is made mostly from corn. Scientists are developing even more renewable fuels to replace gasoline. Why are renewable fuels most likely becoming more important?	[ "Renewable fuels release less energy.", "Car fuel tanks are being made smaller.", "The demand for gasoline is decreasing.", "Nonrenewable fuel supplies are limited." ]	D
sciq-6366	multiple_choice	The smallest and lightest alcohols (methanol, ethanol, propanol) are completely soluble in?	[ "oil", "water", "gasoline", "argon" ]	B
sciq-3378	multiple_choice	What is the advantage of selecting for certain genetic traits for crops?	[ "promotes productivity", "Faster growth", "protection from pests", "improves taste" ]	A
sciq-2952	multiple_choice	Shivering helps the body return to a stable what?	[ "pH level", "mood", "temperature", "weight" ]	C
sciq-9753	multiple_choice	A long chain of mountains that rises up high above the deep seafloor is called?	[ "mid-ocean ridges", "blue ridge mountains", "sea mounds", "oceanic alps" ]	A
sciq-9191	multiple_choice	A sequence of amino acids in single polypeptide is the primary structure for what?	[ "dna", "cells", "proteins", "lipids" ]	C
sciq-8354	multiple_choice	For feeding, the head contains one pair of mandibles and two pairs of what?	[ "chelicerae", "tracheae", "maxillae", "antennae" ]	C
sciq-2438	multiple_choice	What planet did the voyager 1 spacecraft visit in 1980?	[ "saturn", "mars", "venus", "jupiter" ]	A
sciq-9455	multiple_choice	The appendicular skeleton includes all bones of the upper and lower limbs, plus the bones that attach each limb to the what?	[ "axial skeleton", "literal skeleton", "dynamic skeleton", "compressed skeleton" ]	A
scienceQA-2953	multiple_choice	How long is a raisin?	[ "10 meters", "10 centimeters", "10 kilometers", "10 millimeters" ]	D	The best estimate for the length of a raisin is 10 millimeters. 10 centimeters, 10 meters, and 10 kilometers are all too long.
sciq-6263	multiple_choice	Because all animals require an external source of what, they are called heterotrophic?	[ "water", "food", "energy", "fuel" ]	B
sciq-5347	multiple_choice	The number of electrons in the outer energy level determines what property of nonmetals?	[ "vibration", "permeability", "reactivity", "density" ]	C
ai2_arc-573	multiple_choice	An engineer must calculate the potential energy of a roller coaster car at the top of an incline. Which information would best help the engineer determine the potential energy of the car?	[ "the distance the roller coaster car must travel", "the mass of the roller coaster car at full capacity", "the average weight of an empty roller coaster car", "the direction that the roller coaster car is traveling" ]	B
sciq-10097	multiple_choice	The duodenum has a major role in regulating what digestive organ and its emptying?	[ "respiratory", "stomach", "kidneys", "skin" ]	B
sciq-7378	multiple_choice	The biological electron transport chain provides for an orderly, stepwise transfer of electrons. both nadh (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and fadh2 (reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide) are energy rich molecules that liberate a large amount of energy during what?	[ "oxidation", "extrapolation", "conduction", "evaporation" ]	A
sciq-3059	multiple_choice	Some fish will be over-fished to the point that their species ceases to exist, which is also known as what?	[ "endangered", "accumulation", "extinction", "abundance" ]	C
sciq-10141	multiple_choice	The tyndall effect refers to the scattering of what by colloidal particles?	[ "dust mites", "visible light", "dark matter", "primary colors" ]	B
sciq-3591	multiple_choice	What does the central cell develop into after double fertilization?	[ "endosperm", "endocell", "xygote", "exosperm" ]	A
ai2_arc-355	multiple_choice	Students make weather observations outside the school building, and then they record their observations. Which observation should be recorded as a fact?	[ "The air feels very cold.", "The wind is blowing at 5 m/s.", "It is nicer than the day before.", "It looks like it might warm up later." ]	B
scienceQA-10828	multiple_choice	Select the vertebrate.	[ "coral snake", "monarch butterfly", "castor bean tick", "black widow spider" ]	A	A monarch butterfly is an insect. Like other insects, a monarch butterfly is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A coral snake is a reptile. Like other reptiles, a coral snake is a vertebrate. It has a backbone. A castor bean tick is an insect. Like other insects, a castor bean tick is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. Like other spiders, a black widow spider is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton.
sciq-4198	multiple_choice	What is the top layer of water farther from shore called?	[ "semimetal zone", "Beach Zone", "limnetic zone", "Tidal Zone" ]	C
ai2_arc-90	multiple_choice	Which statement describes a harmful effect of clearing rainforests for farmland?	[ "makes more land available for local farmers", "removes valuable habitat for local species", "increases local groundwater levels", "provides income for local residents" ]	B
sciq-9098	multiple_choice	What happens to the recessive traits in the offspring of a hybridization?	[ "they replicate", "remain recessive", "they disappear", "they dominate" ]	C
scienceQA-10291	multiple_choice	How long is a long-distance running race?	[ "26 kilometers", "26 millimeters", "26 centimeters", "26 meters" ]	A	The best estimate for the length of a long-distance running race is 26 kilometers. 26 millimeters, 26 centimeters, and 26 meters are all too short.
sciq-5560	multiple_choice	Some prokaryotes form spores for survival called what?	[ "rhizomes", "buds", "endospores", "gymnosperms" ]	C
sciq-1689	multiple_choice	Most taste buds on the tongue are associated with nipple-shaped projections called what?	[ "antennae", "papillae", "mucosa", "cilia" ]	B
sciq-1850	multiple_choice	Reversing the orientation of a chromosomal segment is called what?	[ "inversions", "spontaneous mutation", "occurrences", "volatiles" ]	A
sciq-7552	multiple_choice	Which gland is an extension of the hypothalamus?	[ "salivary gland", "pineal gland", "posterior pituitary gland", "adrenal gland" ]	C
sciq-11335	multiple_choice	What term is used to describe a region getting significantly less precipitation than normal for an extended period of time?	[ "drought", "flood", "dog days", "doldrums" ]	A
sciq-1030	multiple_choice	A yolk sac replaces what structure for nourishing a marsupial embryo?	[ "Stomach", "glucose", "placenta", "uterus" ]	C
sciq-10826	multiple_choice	What is the name for a molecule with two atoms?	[ "hydrostatic", "covalent", "diatomic", "ionized" ]	C
scienceQA-11573	multiple_choice	How long is a long-distance running race?	[ "25 yards", "25 miles", "25 feet", "25 inches" ]	B	The best estimate for the length of a long-distance running race is 25 miles. 25 inches, 25 feet, and 25 yards are all too short.
sciq-6672	multiple_choice	What is the main element in organic compounds?	[ "hydrogen", "nitrogen", "oxygen", "carbon" ]	D
sciq-8069	multiple_choice	The cells of all protists have a what?	[ "protons", "argon", "nucleus", "cell walls" ]	C
sciq-2171	multiple_choice	What is used during filtration to push fluids and solutes, from higher pressure areas to lower pressure areas?	[ "magnesium pressure gradient", "limited pressure gradient", "hydrostatic pressure gradient", "constructs pressure gradient" ]	C
sciq-988	multiple_choice	What is the name of plant-like protists?	[ "sponge", "arthropod", "bacteria", "algae" ]	D
sciq-7042	multiple_choice	What type of orbitals do electrons in successive atoms on the periodic table tend to fill first?	[ "orbital lobes", "outer orbitals", "high energy", "low-energy" ]	D
sciq-6500	multiple_choice	Why is the drift velocity negligible?	[ "shows free charges", "many free charges", "need free charges", "less free charges" ]	B
sciq-7500	multiple_choice	Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma are all components of what fluid?	[ "Vessals", "brain", "heart", "blood" ]	D
sciq-9549	multiple_choice	What is responsible for the physical changes of puberty?	[ "caffeine", "nicotine", "testosterone", "adrenaline" ]	C
sciq-5734	multiple_choice	An electric stove changes electric current to what form of energy?	[ "thermal", "nuclear", "kinetic", "thermodynamic" ]	A
sciq-3109	multiple_choice	What weather phenomenon is caused by strong warm updrafts from heated ground?	[ "earthquakes", "eruptions", "thunderstorms", "currents" ]	C
sciq-8706	multiple_choice	What is the term for the amount of internal energy that the substance can store?	[ "humidity capacity", "heat capacity", "temperature capacity", "mass capacity" ]	B
sciq-1011	multiple_choice	The vagina starts at the vulva and ends where?	[ "clitoris", "the uterus", "pelvic brim", "testicle" ]	B
sciq-3670	multiple_choice	In the human ear, sound waves cause the stapes to press against what?	[ "yellow window", "Idea Window", "shaped window", "oval window" ]	D

sciq-6619

multiple_choice

What occurs when light bends as it passes from one type of matter to another?

[ "vibration", "refraction", "resonance", "reflection" ]

B

sciq-11393

multiple_choice

What is the leading cause of soil erosion?

[ "glacier movement", "volcanic explosions", "running water", "tidal winds" ]

C

sciq-5748

multiple_choice

Like mitochondria, plastids contain their own what?

[ "riboflavin", "bacteria", "dna", "molecule" ]

C

sciq-8485

multiple_choice

Scientists that study dolphins and other life in the ocean are called what?

[ "marine biologists", "sea biologists", "marine geneticists", "ocean biologists" ]

A

sciq-10119

multiple_choice

What type of machines generally have lower efficiency but greater mechanical advantage?

[ "compound machines", "simple machines", "calculation machines", "radical machines" ]

A

sciq-9336

multiple_choice

Each hemisphere of the brain contains regions called what that are involved in different functions?

[ "nodes", "lobes", "chambers", "folds" ]

B

sciq-9056

multiple_choice

The food particles are caught by the collar of the choanocyte and brought into the cell by what process?

[ "phototropism", "phagocytosis", "hippocampus", "cellular respiration" ]

B

sciq-10892

multiple_choice

What property does liquid display when it interacts with glass?

[ "property of adhesion", "property of oxidize", "property of repulsion", "property of diffusion" ]

A

scienceQA-7847

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? making paper from wood silver jewelry tarnishing

[ "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are chemical changes." ]

D

Step 1: Think about each change. Making paper from wood is a chemical change. Paper is made by mixing tiny pieces of wood with special chemicals. The wood reacts with the chemicals to form pulp. Wood and pulp are different types of matter. Metal turning less shiny over time is called tarnishing. Silver jewelry tarnishing is a chemical change. The silver reacts with sulfur in the air to form black tarnish. The tarnish is a different type of matter that was not there before the change. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

sciq-4777

multiple_choice

Bacterial dna is contained in a large, circular strand; this single chromosome is located in a region of the cell called what?

[ "the nucleoid", "polypeptide", "nucleic acid", "amino acid" ]

A

sciq-10179

multiple_choice

What structures are located on roof of the nasopharynx and on each side of the pharynx?

[ "tonsils", "uvula", "tongues", "testicles" ]

A

sciq-1569

multiple_choice

What kind of fuels include coal, oil, and natural gas?

[ "ancient", "fossil", "storage", "sediment" ]

B

sciq-100

multiple_choice

In a chemical reaction, the amounts of reactants and products will be constant when what state is attained?

[ "equilibrium", "peak", "saturation", "homogeneity" ]

A

sciq-9390

multiple_choice

The thick tunica media allows muscular arteries to play a leading role in what?

[ "vasodilation", "vasoconstriction", "accumulation", "inhibition" ]

B

scienceQA-5997

multiple_choice

Select the fish below.

[ "cobra", "tortoise", "sea turtle", "seahorse" ]

D

A seahorse is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Seahorses live in shallow, warm water. They can use their tails to hold on to plants. A tortoise is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. A tortoise's shell protects it from predators. When a tortoise feels threatened, it can pull its head and legs inside its shell. A sea turtle is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Sea turtles live in the water, but they lay their eggs on land. A cobra is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Most cobras have a wide, flat hood below their head. A cobra can display its hood to scare away a predator.

sciq-6857

multiple_choice

In what type of climate might one find deciduous trees?

[ "moist continental", "humid continental", "thick continental", "Dry Continental" ]

B

sciq-7575

multiple_choice

The presence of what stratospheric gas layer decreases the frequency of skin cancer and other damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation?

[ "plasma", "smog", "ozone", "cumulonimbus" ]

C

scienceQA-10380

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? breaking a piece of glass molding clay into the shape of a pot

[ "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by cooling.", "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are caused by heating." ]

A

Step 1: Think about each change. Breaking a piece of glass is a physical change. The glass gets broken into pieces. But each piece is still made of the same type of matter. Molding clay into the shape of a pot is a physical change. The clay gets a different shape. But it is made of the same type of matter. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are physical changes. No new matter is created. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are physical changes. They are not chemical changes. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

sciq-8299

multiple_choice

Which direction from the source do pollutants in an aquifer spread?

[ "inward", "outward", "forward", "southward" ]

B

sciq-6415

multiple_choice

What force pulls objects toward the center of the earth?

[ "centrifugal force", "gravity", "momentum", "kinetic energy" ]

B

ai2_arc-464

multiple_choice

Some plants, like redwood trees, may live for thousands of years. Some plants, like the black-eyed Susan wildflower, may only live a few weeks. What would these plants most likely have in common in order to survive?

[ "using cones for spreading seeds", "a successful way to reproduce", "the ability to live in the desert", "thorns to keep away animals" ]

B

sciq-3977

multiple_choice

What is the transfer of thermal energy between particles of matter that are touching called?

[ "convection", "activation", "radiation", "conduction" ]

D

sciq-5656

multiple_choice

Whose rules are too simple to explain the inheritance of human height?

[ "Pascal", "Darwin", "mendel", "Einstein" ]

C

sciq-1516

multiple_choice

Which organ of the body do large tapeworms attack or block?

[ "heart", "kidneys", "liver", "intestines" ]

D

sciq-5566

multiple_choice

Each new horizontal row of the periodic table corresponds to the beginning of a new period because a new principal energy level is being filled with what?

[ "electrons", "protons", "neutrons", "photons" ]

A

sciq-2477

multiple_choice

What lens shape corrects myopia?

[ "curve", "concave", "convex", "flat" ]

B

sciq-9160

multiple_choice

Most organisms could not survive without what being present to speed up biochemical reactions?

[ "enzymes", "hormones", "lipids", "vitamins" ]

A

sciq-4635

multiple_choice

What process brings nutrients from the ocean's floor to its surface?

[ "upwelling", "Tides", "coastal swell", "Down welling" ]

A

sciq-504

multiple_choice

Nearly all protists exist in some type of aquatic environment, including freshwater and marine environments, damp soil, and even snow. several protist species are parasites that infect animals or plants. a few protist species live on dead organisms or their wastes, and contribute to what?

[ "spontaneous mutation", "greenhouse gas", "habitat loss", "their decay" ]

D

sciq-5074

multiple_choice

Ice cubes in cola cause the cola to lose what?

[ "gravity", "thermal energy", "mechanical energy", "kinetic energy" ]

B

sciq-6185

multiple_choice

Prokaryotic organisms, like bacteria, reproduce through what process, where they grow and divide in half?

[ "singular fission", "symbiotic fission", "binary fission", "multiple fission" ]

C

ai2_arc-559

multiple_choice

In pea plants, the allele for smooth peas is dominant (S). If a heterozygous smooth pea plant (Ss) is crossed with a homozygous smooth pea plant (SS), which are the possible genotypes the offspring could have?

[ "only SS", "only Ss", "Ss or SS", "ss or SS" ]

C

sciq-11368

multiple_choice

What do you call a science that aims to find solutions to practical problems?

[ "evolved science", "applied experience", "experimental science", "applied science" ]

D

sciq-49

multiple_choice

The formation of an amalgam allows the metal to react with what?

[ "cloth and plastic", "blood and sweat", "air and water", "helium and oxygen" ]

C

sciq-1480

multiple_choice

Chemical digestion in the small intestine cannot occur without the help of the pancreas and what bile-producing organ?

[ "stomach", "kidney", "heart", "liver" ]

D

sciq-11540

multiple_choice

What is the term for a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction but is not changed or used up in the reaction?

[ "a contribute", "a catalyst", "a mechanism", "an acid" ]

B

sciq-4035

multiple_choice

Alpha, beta and gamma are three types of what?

[ "directions", "mutation", "convection", "radiation" ]

D

ai2_arc-25

multiple_choice

Coal is solid rock that began as organic material that was deposited in a swamp. The formation of coal suggests that

[ "coal is made mostly of skeletal remains of animals.", "coal is formed from magma that has solidified over time.", "it quickly becomes petrified when water is removed.", "geologic processes continue over millions of years." ]

D

sciq-3249

multiple_choice

Besides greenland, where are the earth's largest ice sheets found?

[ "antarctica", "North America", "Asia", "Europe" ]

A

sciq-9925

multiple_choice

What is another name for a reasonable explanation for something that might be formed near the beginning of a scientific inquiry into a problem?

[ "experiment", "theory", "conclusion", "hypothesis" ]

D

sciq-5503

multiple_choice

Winds moving air masses causes what?

[ "tremors", "earthquake", "tsunami", "weather" ]

D

sciq-8392

multiple_choice

Ice ages, continental drift, and giant meteorites striking earth have caused what phenomenon?

[ "extinction", "depletion", "gravity", "waves" ]

A

sciq-6960

multiple_choice

Motor neurons and sensory neurons are part of what nervous system?

[ "sensory-somatic", "autonomic", "peripheral", "central" ]

A

sciq-1450

multiple_choice

Depending on the surrounding conditions, normal matter usually exists as one of three phases: solid, liquid, or this?

[ "gas", "fluid", "ice", "crystal" ]

A

sciq-1397

multiple_choice

What type of waste is eliminated from the body through the anus?

[ "liquid", "solid", "urine", "carbon dioxide" ]

B

sciq-8698

multiple_choice

Lava that enters the water is called what?

[ "pillow lava", "saltwater lava", "lava flow", "magma runoff" ]

A

sciq-11354

multiple_choice

What can sodium ions not pass through?

[ "narrowness lipid bilayer", "nonpolar lipid bilayer", "benthic lipid bilayer", "Lipid Control" ]

B

sciq-8184

multiple_choice

What is the study of the chemical elements necessary for plant growth called?

[ "photosynthesis", "plant propagation", "phototropism", "plant nutrition" ]

D

sciq-4090

multiple_choice

Heavier isotopes of plutonium are also produced when lighter plutonium nuclei capture what?

[ "molecules", "protons", "electrons", "neutrons" ]

D

sciq-10638

multiple_choice

Where do organisms acquire toxic substances from along with nutrients and water?

[ "environment", "isolation", "movement", "reproduction" ]

A

sciq-7233

multiple_choice

What branch of science holds hope for developing crops with genes that help them withstand harsh conditions?

[ "biotechnology", "physics", "chemistry", "physiology" ]

A

sciq-3837

multiple_choice

Vertebrates are a subphylum of what phylum?

[ "chordata", "hydrozoa", "porifera", "arthropoda" ]

A

sciq-4440

multiple_choice

Inside a cylinder, thermal energy is converted to what type of energy of the moving piston?

[ "kinetic energy", "electrochemical energy", "residual energy", "horsepower" ]

A

sciq-4363

multiple_choice

The a in atp is short for what?

[ "acid", "acetic", "amino", "adenosine" ]

D

sciq-8308

multiple_choice

How long does membrane depoloriazation typically last for?

[ "one minute", "5 minutes", "1 hour", "3 seconds" ]

A

ai2_arc-1074

multiple_choice

Some of the new cars being made can run on a renewable fuel that is made mostly from corn. Scientists are developing even more renewable fuels to replace gasoline. Why are renewable fuels most likely becoming more important?

[ "Renewable fuels release less energy.", "Car fuel tanks are being made smaller.", "The demand for gasoline is decreasing.", "Nonrenewable fuel supplies are limited." ]

D

sciq-6366

multiple_choice

The smallest and lightest alcohols (methanol, ethanol, propanol) are completely soluble in?

[ "oil", "water", "gasoline", "argon" ]

B

sciq-3378

multiple_choice

What is the advantage of selecting for certain genetic traits for crops?

[ "promotes productivity", "Faster growth", "protection from pests", "improves taste" ]

A

sciq-2952

multiple_choice

Shivering helps the body return to a stable what?

[ "pH level", "mood", "temperature", "weight" ]

C

sciq-9753

multiple_choice

A long chain of mountains that rises up high above the deep seafloor is called?

[ "mid-ocean ridges", "blue ridge mountains", "sea mounds", "oceanic alps" ]

A

sciq-9191

multiple_choice

A sequence of amino acids in single polypeptide is the primary structure for what?

[ "dna", "cells", "proteins", "lipids" ]

C

sciq-8354

multiple_choice

For feeding, the head contains one pair of mandibles and two pairs of what?

[ "chelicerae", "tracheae", "maxillae", "antennae" ]

C

sciq-2438

multiple_choice

What planet did the voyager 1 spacecraft visit in 1980?

[ "saturn", "mars", "venus", "jupiter" ]

A

sciq-9455

multiple_choice

The appendicular skeleton includes all bones of the upper and lower limbs, plus the bones that attach each limb to the what?

[ "axial skeleton", "literal skeleton", "dynamic skeleton", "compressed skeleton" ]

A

scienceQA-2953

multiple_choice

How long is a raisin?

[ "10 meters", "10 centimeters", "10 kilometers", "10 millimeters" ]

D

The best estimate for the length of a raisin is 10 millimeters. 10 centimeters, 10 meters, and 10 kilometers are all too long.

sciq-6263

multiple_choice

Because all animals require an external source of what, they are called heterotrophic?

[ "water", "food", "energy", "fuel" ]

B

sciq-5347

multiple_choice

The number of electrons in the outer energy level determines what property of nonmetals?

[ "vibration", "permeability", "reactivity", "density" ]

C

ai2_arc-573

multiple_choice

An engineer must calculate the potential energy of a roller coaster car at the top of an incline. Which information would best help the engineer determine the potential energy of the car?

[ "the distance the roller coaster car must travel", "the mass of the roller coaster car at full capacity", "the average weight of an empty roller coaster car", "the direction that the roller coaster car is traveling" ]

B

sciq-10097

multiple_choice

The duodenum has a major role in regulating what digestive organ and its emptying?

[ "respiratory", "stomach", "kidneys", "skin" ]

B

sciq-7378

multiple_choice

The biological electron transport chain provides for an orderly, stepwise transfer of electrons. both nadh (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and fadh2 (reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide) are energy rich molecules that liberate a large amount of energy during what?

[ "oxidation", "extrapolation", "conduction", "evaporation" ]

A

sciq-3059

multiple_choice

Some fish will be over-fished to the point that their species ceases to exist, which is also known as what?

[ "endangered", "accumulation", "extinction", "abundance" ]

C

sciq-10141

multiple_choice

The tyndall effect refers to the scattering of what by colloidal particles?

[ "dust mites", "visible light", "dark matter", "primary colors" ]

B

sciq-3591

multiple_choice

What does the central cell develop into after double fertilization?

[ "endosperm", "endocell", "xygote", "exosperm" ]

A

ai2_arc-355

multiple_choice

Students make weather observations outside the school building, and then they record their observations. Which observation should be recorded as a fact?

[ "The air feels very cold.", "The wind is blowing at 5 m/s.", "It is nicer than the day before.", "It looks like it might warm up later." ]

B

scienceQA-10828

multiple_choice

Select the vertebrate.

[ "coral snake", "monarch butterfly", "castor bean tick", "black widow spider" ]

A

A monarch butterfly is an insect. Like other insects, a monarch butterfly is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A coral snake is a reptile. Like other reptiles, a coral snake is a vertebrate. It has a backbone. A castor bean tick is an insect. Like other insects, a castor bean tick is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. Like other spiders, a black widow spider is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton.

sciq-4198

multiple_choice

What is the top layer of water farther from shore called?

[ "semimetal zone", "Beach Zone", "limnetic zone", "Tidal Zone" ]

C

ai2_arc-90

multiple_choice

Which statement describes a harmful effect of clearing rainforests for farmland?

[ "makes more land available for local farmers", "removes valuable habitat for local species", "increases local groundwater levels", "provides income for local residents" ]

B

sciq-9098

multiple_choice

What happens to the recessive traits in the offspring of a hybridization?

[ "they replicate", "remain recessive", "they disappear", "they dominate" ]

C

scienceQA-10291

multiple_choice

How long is a long-distance running race?

[ "26 kilometers", "26 millimeters", "26 centimeters", "26 meters" ]

A

The best estimate for the length of a long-distance running race is 26 kilometers. 26 millimeters, 26 centimeters, and 26 meters are all too short.

sciq-5560

multiple_choice

Some prokaryotes form spores for survival called what?

[ "rhizomes", "buds", "endospores", "gymnosperms" ]

C

sciq-1689

multiple_choice

Most taste buds on the tongue are associated with nipple-shaped projections called what?

[ "antennae", "papillae", "mucosa", "cilia" ]

B

sciq-1850

multiple_choice

Reversing the orientation of a chromosomal segment is called what?

[ "inversions", "spontaneous mutation", "occurrences", "volatiles" ]

A

sciq-7552

multiple_choice

Which gland is an extension of the hypothalamus?

[ "salivary gland", "pineal gland", "posterior pituitary gland", "adrenal gland" ]

C

sciq-11335

multiple_choice

What term is used to describe a region getting significantly less precipitation than normal for an extended period of time?

[ "drought", "flood", "dog days", "doldrums" ]

A

sciq-1030

multiple_choice

A yolk sac replaces what structure for nourishing a marsupial embryo?

[ "Stomach", "glucose", "placenta", "uterus" ]

C

sciq-10826

multiple_choice

What is the name for a molecule with two atoms?

[ "hydrostatic", "covalent", "diatomic", "ionized" ]

C

scienceQA-11573

multiple_choice

How long is a long-distance running race?

[ "25 yards", "25 miles", "25 feet", "25 inches" ]

B

The best estimate for the length of a long-distance running race is 25 miles. 25 inches, 25 feet, and 25 yards are all too short.

sciq-6672

multiple_choice

What is the main element in organic compounds?

[ "hydrogen", "nitrogen", "oxygen", "carbon" ]

D

sciq-8069

multiple_choice

The cells of all protists have a what?

[ "protons", "argon", "nucleus", "cell walls" ]

C

sciq-2171

multiple_choice

What is used during filtration to push fluids and solutes, from higher pressure areas to lower pressure areas?

[ "magnesium pressure gradient", "limited pressure gradient", "hydrostatic pressure gradient", "constructs pressure gradient" ]

C

sciq-988

multiple_choice

What is the name of plant-like protists?

[ "sponge", "arthropod", "bacteria", "algae" ]

D

sciq-7042

multiple_choice

What type of orbitals do electrons in successive atoms on the periodic table tend to fill first?

[ "orbital lobes", "outer orbitals", "high energy", "low-energy" ]

D

sciq-6500

multiple_choice

Why is the drift velocity negligible?

[ "shows free charges", "many free charges", "need free charges", "less free charges" ]

B

sciq-7500

multiple_choice

Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma are all components of what fluid?

[ "Vessals", "brain", "heart", "blood" ]

D

sciq-9549

multiple_choice

What is responsible for the physical changes of puberty?

[ "caffeine", "nicotine", "testosterone", "adrenaline" ]

C

sciq-5734

multiple_choice

An electric stove changes electric current to what form of energy?

[ "thermal", "nuclear", "kinetic", "thermodynamic" ]

A

sciq-3109

multiple_choice

What weather phenomenon is caused by strong warm updrafts from heated ground?

[ "earthquakes", "eruptions", "thunderstorms", "currents" ]

C

sciq-8706

multiple_choice

What is the term for the amount of internal energy that the substance can store?

[ "humidity capacity", "heat capacity", "temperature capacity", "mass capacity" ]

B

sciq-1011

multiple_choice

The vagina starts at the vulva and ends where?

[ "clitoris", "the uterus", "pelvic brim", "testicle" ]

B

sciq-3670

multiple_choice

In the human ear, sound waves cause the stapes to press against what?

[ "yellow window", "Idea Window", "shaped window", "oval window" ]

D