Jenjamin3000/MNLP_M3_rag_dataset · Datasets at Hugging Face

id stringlengths 6 15	question_type stringclasses 2 values	question stringlengths 15 985	choices listlengths 2 5 ⌀	answer stringclasses 807 values	explanation stringlengths 0 2.61k
sciq-165	multiple_choice	How metalloids behave in chemical interactions with other elements depends mainly on the number of what, in the outer energy level of their atoms?	[ "protons", "positrons", "neutrons", "electrons" ]	D
gsm8k-663	open	A rectangular flowerbed in the city park is 4 meters wide. Its length is 1 meter less than twice its width. The government wants to fence the flowerbed. How many meters of fence are needed?	null	22	Twice the width is 4 x 2 = <<42=8>>8 meters. The length of the rectangular flowerbed is 8 - 1= <<8-1=7>>7 meters. Since the rectangular flower bed has 2 equal lengths, then it needs 7 x 2 = <<72=14>>14 meters of fence. The rectangular bed has also 2 equal widths, so it needs 4 x 2 = <<8=8>>8 meters of fence. Therefore, the rectangular flower bed needs a total of 14 + 8 = <<14+8=22>>22 meters of fence. #### 22
scienceQA-1796	multiple_choice	What is the mass of a can of soup?	[ "14 pounds", "14 ounces", "14 tons" ]	B	The best estimate for the mass of a can of soup is 14 ounces. 14 pounds and 14 tons are both too heavy.
scienceQA-4667	multiple_choice	Which of the following statements is true?	[ "A substance's chemical structure depends only on the number and types of atoms in each molecule of the substance.", "Both the smell and the taste of methyl anthranilate contribute to its grape flavor." ]	B
gsm8k-1406	open	Bill is trying to count the toddlers at his daycare, but they keep running around. He double-counts 8 toddlers and misses 3 who are hiding. If Bill thinks he counted 26 toddlers, how many are there really?	null	21	First subtract the 8 toddlers Bill double-counted from his count: 26 toddlers - 8 toddlers = <<26-8=18>>18 toddlers Then add the 3 toddlers he missed to find the real count: 18 toddlers + 3 toddlers = <<18+3=21>>21 toddlers #### 21
sciq-3337	multiple_choice	What are the taste receptors found as tiny bumps on the tongue called?	[ "hard buds", "fat buds", "taste buds", "ear buds" ]	C
scienceQA-6365	multiple_choice	Will these magnets attract or repel each other?	[ "repel", "attract" ]	A	To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other. The north pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other.
ai2_arc-227	multiple_choice	Millions of people living all over the world have cancer. Is cancer a pandemic?	[ "No, because cancer is not contagious.", "No, because cancer is not always fatal.", "Yes, because millions of people have cancer.", "Yes, because people all over the world have cancer." ]	A
gsm8k-6592	open	The square footage of the two bedrooms in the apartment that Jenny and Martha share totals 300 square feet. If Jenny's bedroom is 60 square feet larger than Martha's, how large, in square feet, is Martha's bedroom?	null	120	Let M be the number of square feet in Matha's bedroom Jenny's bedroom is M+60 square feet. M+M+60=300 2M+60=300 2M=240 M=<<120=120>>120 Martha's bedroom is 120 square feet. #### 120
sciq-8312	multiple_choice	Both androgen secretion and spermatogenesis occur continuously starting with what?	[ "birth", "walking", "mutation", "puberty" ]	D
gsm8k-2777	open	Ivory and Brayan are doing school projects with a tight deadline and have to stay up late to complete everything. They prepare coffee to help them stay focused. If Brayan drinks twice as much coffee as Ivory, and Brayan drinks 4 cups of coffee in an hour, calculate the total number of cups of coffee they drink together in 5 hours.	null	30	If Brayan drinks 4 cups of coffee in an hour, twice what Ivory drinks, then Ivory drinks 4/2 = <<4/2=2>>2 cups of coffee in an hour. Together, they drink 4+2 = <<4+2=6>>6 cups of coffee in an hour. After 5 hours, they will drink 56 = <<56=30>>30 cups of coffee together. #### 30
scienceQA-595	multiple_choice	Which property matches this object?	[ "scratchy", "slippery" ]	B	Look at the object. Think about each property. A slippery object is hard to hold onto or stand on. The wet paint is slippery. A scratchy object is rough and itchy against your skin. The wet paint is not scratchy.
sciq-6483	multiple_choice	The hardest natural substance, diamond is a form of what element?	[ "zirconium", "hydrogen", "zenon", "carbon" ]	D
ai2_arc-113	multiple_choice	Plants have cells, tissues, organs, and systems that allow them to function as complete organisms. Which parts of a plant function as an organ?	[ "leaves", "spores", "root hairs", "chlorophyll molecules" ]	A
scienceQA-2973	multiple_choice	Select the chemical formula for this molecule.	[ "I2Cl2", "ICl", "I2Cl", "ICl2" ]	B	I is the symbol for iodine. According to the legend, iodine atoms are shown in dark purple. Cl is the symbol for chlorine. According to the legend, chlorine atoms are shown in green. This ball-and-stick model shows a molecule with one iodine atom and one chlorine atom. The chemical formula will contain the symbols I and Cl. There is one iodine atom, so I will not have a subscript. There is one chlorine atom, so Cl will not have a subscript. The correct formula is ICl. The diagram below shows how each part of the chemical formula matches with each part of the model above.
sciq-815	multiple_choice	The small, egg-shaped organs that lie on either side of the uterus are called?	[ "glands", "lungs", "kidneys", "ovaries" ]	D
gsm8k-3716	open	John starts at an elevation of 400 feet. He travels downward at a rate of 10 feet down per minute for 5 minutes. What is his elevation now?	null	350	He traveled down 105=<<105=50>>50 feet. So he is at an elevation of 400-50=<<400-50=350>>350 feet. #### 350
gsm8k-1396	open	Mrs. Lim milks her cows twice a day. Yesterday morning, she got 68 gallons of milk and in the evening, she got 82 gallons. This morning, she got 18 gallons fewer than she had yesterday morning. After selling some gallons of milk in the afternoon, Mrs. Lim has only 24 gallons left. How much was her revenue for the milk if each gallon costs $3.50?	null	616	Mrs. Lim got 68 gallons - 18 gallons = <<68-18=50>>50 gallons this morning. So she was able to get a total of 68 gallons + 82 gallons + 50 gallons = <<68+82+50=200>>200 gallons. She was able to sell 200 gallons - 24 gallons = <<200-24=176>>176 gallons. Thus, her total revenue for the milk is $3.50/gallon x 176 gallons = $<<3.50*176=616>>616. #### 616
sciq-1137	multiple_choice	Insects have a highly specialized type of respiratory system called what?	[ "gland system", "grunion system", "nasal system", "tracheal system" ]	D
sciq-160	multiple_choice	Glaciers are incredibly powerful agents of what?	[ "extinction", "erosion", "insulation", "climate change" ]	B
gsm8k-3583	open	Carson is covering the high school football field with grass seed. Each square meter needs three times as much seed as fertilizer. If Carson uses 60 gallons of seed and fertilizer combined, how many gallons of seed does he use?	null	45	Let s be the number of gallons of seed Carson uses and f be the number of gallons of fertilizer. We know that s = 3f and s + f = 60. Substituting the first equation into the second equation produces 3f + f = 60 Combining like terms, we get 4f = 60 Dividing both sides by 4, we get f = 15 Substituting that value into the equation s = 3f, we get s = 3 * 15 = <<3*15=45>>45 #### 45
gsm8k-750	open	Jamal bought 4 half dozen colored crayons at $2 per crayon. What was the total cost of the crayons that she bought?	null	48	Since a dozen has 12 items, a half dozen has 1/212=<<6=6>>6 items. Since Jamal bought four half dozen colored crayons, he bought 46 = <<46=24>>24 colored crayons. If each crayon's cost was $2, Jamal paid $224 = $<<2*24=48>>48 for all the crayons he bought. #### 48
sciq-4789	multiple_choice	Chewing a bite of bread mixes it with what and facilitates its chemical breakdown?	[ "chyme", "interstitial fluid", "saliva", "calcium" ]	C
scienceQA-2748	multiple_choice	Select the organism in the same genus as the common toad.	[ "Bufo bufo", "Hyla japonica", "Lithobates catesbeianus" ]	A	A common toad's scientific name is Bufo bufo. The first word of its scientific name is Bufo. Lithobates catesbeianus is in the genus Lithobates. The first word of its scientific name is Lithobates. So, Lithobates catesbeianus and Bufo bufo are not in the same genus. This organism and the common toad are in the same genus and the same species! Both organisms have the same scientific name, Bufo bufo. Hyla japonica is in the genus Hyla. The first word of its scientific name is Hyla. So, Hyla japonica and Bufo bufo are not in the same genus.
gsm8k-4479	open	Bob grew corn in his garden this year and ended up with 50 bushels. This is way too much for him to eat, so he gave some of it away to his friends. His friend Terry took 8 bushels, while Jerry only took 3. He gave 12 bushels to his friend Linda, who runs a food pantry. His neighbor Stacy doesn't eat much corn, but she still accepted 21 ears of corn from him. If each bushel contained 14 ears of corn, how many ears of corn does Bob have left?	null	357	Stacy took 21 ears of corn, there are 14 ears to a bushel, so she took 21 ears / 14 ears/bushel = <<21/14=1.5>>1.5 bushels of corn. In all, Bob gave away 8 bushels + 3 bushels + 12 bushels + 1.5 bushels = <<8+3+12+1.5=24.5>>24.5 bushels of corn. This leaves him with 50 bushels - 24.5 bushels = <<50-24.5=25.5>>25.5 bushels of corn. At 14 ears of corn per bushel, Bob has 25.5 bushels * 14 ears per bushel = <<25.5*14=357>>357 ears of corn. #### 357
sciq-11302	multiple_choice	A problem with using food chains to describe ecosystems is that some organisms can feed on or be consumed by species from more than one of what level?	[ "habitat level", "trophic level", "pH level", "biome level" ]	B
gsm8k-4077	open	Three towns, Toadon, Gordonia, and Lake Bright, have 80000 people. Gordonia has 1/2 times the total population in the three cities. If the population of Toadon is 60 percent of Gordonia's population, how many people live in Lake Bright?	null	16000	The population of Gordonia is 1/2 * 80000 people = 40000 people Toadon has 60/100 * 40000 people = <<60/100*40000=24000>>24000 people The total population of Gordonia and Toadon is 40000 people + 24000 people = <<40000+24000=64000>>64000 people The population of Lake Bright is 80000 people - 64000 people = <<80000-64000=16000>>16000 people #### 16000
gsm8k-2847	open	GiGi took out a big bowl of mushrooms from the refrigerator. She cut each mushroom into 4 pieces. Her twins, Kenny and Karla sprinkled mushrooms on their pizzas and baked them in the oven. Kenny grabbed a handful and sprinkled 38 mushroom pieces on his pizza. Karla scooped them up with both hands and sprinkled 42 mushroom pieces on her pizza. On the cutting board, were 8 pieces of mushrooms remaining. How many mushrooms did GiGi cut up at the beginning?	null	22	Kenny used 38 / 4 = <<38/4=9.5>>9.5 mushrooms on his pizza. Karla used 42 / 4 = <<42/4=10.5>>10.5 mushrooms on her pizza. Together, the twins used 9.5 + 10.5 = <<9.5+10.5=20>>20 mushrooms. There are 8 / 4 = <<8/4=2>>2 mushrooms left on the cutting board. GiGi cut up 20 + 2 = <<20+2=22>>22 mushrooms at the beginning. #### 22
sciq-10585	multiple_choice	All three types of convergent plate boundaries produce what destructive phenomenon?	[ "tornado", "earthquake", "volcano", "storm" ]	B
sciq-4514	multiple_choice	What are boggy regions with thick layers of peat called?	[ "tropics", "peatlands", "meadows", "wetlands" ]	B
sciq-1002	multiple_choice	What type of organisms are helpless at birth and require lots of help from their parents?	[ "Microorganisms", "multicellular organisms", "altricial organisms", "precocial organisms" ]	C
scienceQA-7247	multiple_choice	Look at the models of molecules below. Select the elementary substance.	[ "fluoromethane", "oxygen", "cyclopropane" ]	B
sciq-3526	multiple_choice	The differences in the biomes is due to differences in the what factors?	[ "air quality", "biological", "abiotic", "temperature" ]	C
sciq-3311	multiple_choice	Venus rotates slowly in a direction opposite to the direction of what?	[ "its orbit", "the orbit of Mars", "the Earth's orbit", "the sun" ]	A
gsm8k-3678	open	Tom plants a tree that is 1 year old and 5 feet tall. It gains 3 feet per year. How old is it when it is 23 feet tall?	null	7	It has grown 23-5=<<23-5=18>>18 feet So it is 18/3=<<18/3=6>>6 years older That means it is 6+1=<<6+1=7>>7 years old #### 7
sciq-10838	multiple_choice	Binding of acetylcholine to receptors on the muscle fiber leads to a?	[ "conduction", "depolarization", "excitation", "repolarization" ]	B
gsm8k-162	open	Daniel has a collection of 346 video games. 80 of them, Daniel bought for $12 each. Of the rest, 50% were bought for $7. All others had a price of $3 each. How much did Daniel spend on all the games in his collection?	null	2290	On 80 games, Daniel spend 80 games * $12/game = $<<8012=960>>960. The rest of the collection is 346 games - 80 games = <<346-80=266>>266 games. 50% of these games means 50/100 266 games = <<50/100266=133>>133 games. Daniel bought them for $7 each, so he had to spend 133 games $7/game = $<<1337=931>>931 on them. The other 133 games were bought for $3 each, so they've cost him 133 games $3/game = $<<133*3=399>>399. On all games in total Daniel spent $960 + $931 + $399 = $<<960+931+399=2290>>2290. #### 2290
scienceQA-3927	multiple_choice	Which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles?	[ "Solution B", "Solution A", "neither; their concentrations are the same" ]	A	In Solution A and Solution B, the yellow particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles, look at both the number of yellow particles and the volume of the solvent in each container. Use the concentration formula to find the number of yellow particles per milliliter. Solution B has more yellow particles per milliliter. So, Solution B has a higher concentration of yellow particles.
scienceQA-9657	multiple_choice	Complete the sentence. The mutation in the () affected the structure and function of the ().	[ "transporter protein . . . w gene", "w gene . . . transporter protein" ]	B	A mutation in a gene may affect the protein it encodes. So, the mutation in the w gene affected the structure and function of the transporter protein.
sciq-646	multiple_choice	Because dizygotic twins develop from two eggs fertilized by two sperm, they are no more identical than siblings born at what?	[ "different times", "different places", "other eras", "other times of day" ]	A
scienceQA-3150	multiple_choice	Which marble has a higher temperature?	[ "the marble with more thermal energy", "the marble with less thermal energy" ]	A	The two marbles are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the marble with more thermal energy has a higher temperature.
scienceQA-11531	multiple_choice	Select the invertebrate.	[ "black howler", "red-eyed tree frog", "painted stork", "yellow jacket" ]	D	A yellow jacket is an insect. Like other insects, a yellow jacket is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A black howler is a mammal. Like other mammals, a black howler is a vertebrate. It has a backbone. A red-eyed tree frog is an amphibian. Like other amphibians, a red-eyed tree frog is a vertebrate. It has a backbone. A painted stork is a bird. Like other birds, a painted stork is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
sciq-564	multiple_choice	What is the name for a biologist who studies fungi?	[ "egyptologists", "mycologists", "oncologists", "musicologists" ]	B
scienceQA-2591	multiple_choice	Is the following statement about our solar system true or false? Of the four smallest planets, two are made mainly of gas.	[ "true", "false" ]	B	To decide which four planets are the smallest, look at the volumes and compare the exponents. The volumes of Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars have the smallest exponents. So, these four planets are the smallest. These four planets are made mainly of rock. So, of the four smallest planets, none are made mainly of gas.
sciq-6323	multiple_choice	Which ocean zone is the narrow strip along a coastline that is covered by water at high tide and exposed to air at low tide?	[ "deep zone", "miniscule zone", "calcareous zone", "intertidal zone" ]	D
scienceQA-891	multiple_choice	Select the fish.	[ "humpback whale", "piranha", "zebra", "gharial" ]	B	A gharial is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Gharials are a type of crocodile. Gharials live near rivers and eat fish. A zebra is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk. Zebras eat mostly grass. But they sometimes eat other types of plants, such as shrubs or tree bark. A humpback whale is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk. Whales are mammals that live in the ocean. Humpback whales have small hairs that grow from bumps around their mouth. A piranha is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Piranhas have sharp teeth. Piranhas hunt in groups. A group of piranhas can eat a large animal.
sciq-11304	multiple_choice	In plants, a cell plate is formed during cell cytokinesis by golgi vesicles fusing at the what?	[ "mitosis plate", "tectonic plate", "metaphase plate", "chromosomes plate" ]	C
sciq-3740	multiple_choice	What is the muscular organ shaped like an upside-down pear that has a thick lining of tissues called the endometrium?	[ "lungs", "kidney", "liver", "uterus" ]	D
gsm8k-5192	open	Martha gets prize points every time she shops at her local grocery store. She gets 50 points per $10 spent, plus a 250 point bonus if she spends more than $100. Martha buys 3 pounds of beef for $11 each, 8 pounds of fruits and vegetables for $4/pound, 3 jars of spices for $6 each, and other groceries totaling $37. How many points does Martha get?	null	850	First find the total cost of the beef: $11/pound * 3 pounds = $<<113=33>>33 Then find the total cost of the fruits and vegetables: $4/pound 8 pounds = $<<48=32>>32 Then find the total cost of the spices: $6/jar 3 jars = $<<63=18>>18 Now add the cost of all the items to find Martha's total spending: $33 + $32 + $18 + $37 = $<<33+32+18+37=120>>120 Now divide 50 points by $10 to find now many points Martha gets per dollar: 50 points / $10 = <<50/10=5>>5 points/dollar Now multiply this exchange rate by Martha's total spending to find how many points she gets before the bonus: $120 5 points/dollar = <<120*5=600>>600 points Finally, add the 250 point bonus Martha gets for spending more than $100: 600 points + 250 points = 850 points #### 850
scienceQA-8432	multiple_choice	Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature?	[ "neither; the samples have the same temperature", "sample B", "sample A" ]	B	Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, but the particles in sample B have a higher average speed than the particles in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A. Because the particles in sample B have the higher average kinetic energy, sample B must have the higher temperature.
gsm8k-7392	open	Gina chooses what she and her sister will watch on Netflix three times as often as her sister does. If her sister watches a total of 24 shows on Netflix per week, and each show is 50 minutes long, how many minutes of Netflix does Gina get to choose?	null	900	Let g be the number of shows Gina chooses and s be the number her sister chooses. We know that g = 3s and g + s = 24 Substituting the first equation into the second equation, we get 3s + s = 24 Combining like terms, we get 4s = 24 Dividing both sides by 4, we get s = 6 Substituting this value back into g = 3s, we get g = 3 * 6 = <<36=18>>18 Then multiply the number of shows by the length of each show in minutes to find the total number of minutes Gina chooses: 18 shows 50 minutes/show = <<18*50=900>>900 minutes #### 900
scienceQA-1102	multiple_choice	Which trait did Eryma have? Select the trait you can observe on the fossil.	[ "a round, flat body", "two claws" ]	B
sciq-683	multiple_choice	What are two nonliving things that all living things need for survival?	[ "calcium", "methane", "water and air", "sunlight" ]	C
gsm8k-2227	open	Russel and Jen went to the circus. Jen played a shooting game twice, while Russel rode the carousel three times. If the shooting game costs 5 tickets and the carousel costs 3 tickets. How many tickets did they use?	null	19	Jen used 5 x 2 = <<52=10>>10 tickets in the shooting game. Russel used 3 x 3 = <<33=9>>9 tickets in the carousel. Therefore, they used 10 + 9 = <<10+9=19>>19 tickets in all. #### 19
gsm8k-1727	open	Niko has bought 9 pairs of socks that cost $2 each and plans to resell them. He wants to gain 25% profit from four of the pairs of socks and $0.2 profit each for the other 5 pairs of socks. How much will his total profit be?	null	3	Niko will earn $2 x 25/100 = $<<225/100=0.5>>0.5 profit for each of the first four pairs of socks. So, his total profit for the four pairs of socks will be $0.5 x 4 = $<<0.54=2>>2. His total earnings for the 5 pairs of socks is $0.2 x 5 = $<<0.2*5=1>>1. Therefore, his total profit will be $2 + $1 = $<<2+1=3>>3. #### 3
sciq-2981	multiple_choice	What is it called when organisms with traits that better enable them to adapt to their environment tend to survive and reproduce in greater numbers?	[ "natural selection", "adaptation", "evolution", "natural distribution" ]	A
sciq-2324	multiple_choice	The modern atomic theory states that all matter is composed of what?	[ "ions", "quarks", "atoms", "molecules" ]	C
sciq-9078	multiple_choice	The active transport of ions across the membrane causes an electrical gradient to build up across the what?	[ "cells membrane", "colloidal membrane", "components membrane", "plasma membrane" ]	D
scienceQA-10163	multiple_choice	What do these two changes have in common? chicken cooking in an oven a penny tarnishing	[ "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by cooling." ]	B	Step 1: Think about each change. Cooking chicken is a chemical change. The heat causes the matter in the chicken to change. Cooked chicken and raw chicken are different types of matter. Metal turning less shiny over time is called tarnishing. A penny tarnishing is a chemical change. When air touches the penny, the surface of the penny changes into a different type of matter. This matter makes the penny dull. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Cooking is caused by heating. But a penny tarnishing is not. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.
sciq-10135	multiple_choice	Which acids provide the molecular blueprints for all proteins produced in living systems?	[ "nucleic acids", "amino acids", "periodic acids", "nitrous acids" ]	A
scienceQA-5546	multiple_choice	Which material is this swimsuit made of?	[ "plastic", "polyester" ]	B	Look at the picture of the swimsuit. The swimsuit is made of polyester. Polyester is a strong and light synthetic fabric. Synthetic materials are created by people. Polyester can be woven into materials to make clothes or even seat belts! It can also be used as stuffing in pillows and furniture.
gsm8k-7321	open	A group of science students went on a field trip. They took 9 vans and 10 buses. There were 8 people in each van and 27 people on each bus. How many people went on the field trip?	null	342	The vans held 9 vans * 8 people = <<98=72>>72 people. The buses held 10 buses 27 people = <<10*27=270>>270 people. The total number of people on the field trip is 72 + 270 = <<72+270=342>>342 people. #### 342
scienceQA-4834	multiple_choice	What is the mass of a bicycle?	[ "12 grams", "12 kilograms" ]	B	The better estimate for the mass of a bicycle is 12 kilograms. 12 grams is too light.
sciq-7037	multiple_choice	Some protists hunt their food or act as what?	[ "parasites", "mammals", "reptiles", "bats" ]	A
sciq-9079	multiple_choice	What process determines which of two fossils is older or younger than the other?	[ "curve dating", "relative dating", "difference dating", "differential dating" ]	B
sciq-3895	multiple_choice	What is the process where light bounces back from surfaces that it cannot pass through?	[ "diffraction", "direction", "absorbtion", "reflection" ]	D
gsm8k-3547	open	James gets a fleet of gas transportation vans. He gets 6 vans. 2 of them are 8000 gallons. 1 of them is 30% less than that. The remaining trucks are 50% larger than the 2 trucks. How many gallons can he transport?	null	57600	His smaller truck is 8000.3=<<8000.3=2400>>2400 gallons smaller So it can transport 8000-2400=<<8000-2400=5600>>5600 gallons There are 6-2-1=<<6-2-1=3>>3 of the very large trucks Those trucks are each 8000.5=<<8000.5=4000>>4000 gallons larger So they can transport 8000+4000=<<8000+4000=12000>>12000 gallons So in total they transport 312000=<<312000=36000>>36000 The 8000-gallon trucks can transport 80002=<<80002=16000>>16000 gallons So in total he can transport 5600+16000+36000=<<5600+16000+36000=57600>>57600 gallons #### 57600
sciq-8696	multiple_choice	Scientists use the principles of what to make predictions, which they then test?	[ "their guesses", "their faith", "their teachers", "their hypothesis" ]	D
sciq-10966	multiple_choice	Bacteria can be used to make cheese from milk. the bacteria turn the milk sugars into what?	[ "acetic acid", "lactic acid", "hydrochloric acid", "ionic acid" ]	B
gsm8k-6938	open	A train leaves its departure station with 6 coal cars, 12 iron cars, and 2 wood cars. Between each station, there are 6 miles, and it takes 25 minutes to travel between them. At each station, the train can deposit up to 2 coal cars, 3 iron cars, and 1 wood car. How many minutes will it take to deliver all the cars?	null	100	To deliver all the coal, you need to pass by 6 coal / 2 coal/station = <<6/2=3>>3 stations To deliver all the iron, you need to pass by 12 iron / 3 iron/station = <<12/3=4>>4 stations To deliver all the wood, you need to pass by 2 wood / 1 wood/station = <<2=2>>2 stations So 4 stations are needed to deliver everything, so 4 stations * 25 minutes/station = <<4*25=100>>100 minutes are needed #### 100
scienceQA-3691	multiple_choice	Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?	[ "The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1.", "The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.", "The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 2." ]	C	Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are closer together, the magnetic force between them is stronger. The magnets in Pair 2 are closer together than the magnets in Pair 1. So, the magnetic force is stronger in Pair 2 than in Pair 1.
gsm8k-1087	open	Hadley loves to do volunteer work at the local library. On a certain day, she neatly arranges 100 books on the shelf. By lunchtime, a certain number of books had been borrowed. She added 40 more books to the same shelf. By evening, 30 more books had been borrowed. If the shelf had 60 books remaining by the evening, how many books had been borrowed by lunchtime?	null	50	Let x be the number of books borrowed by lunchtime. So by lunchtime, the remaining number of books will be 100-x After adding 40 more books, the total number of books increased to 100-x+40. By evening, after 30 more books have been borrowed, the total number of books remaining is 100-x+40-30 = 60 Thus 110 - x = 60. Thus x = <<50=50>>50 books #### 50
gsm8k-896	open	The math questions in a contest are divided into three rounds: easy, average, and hard. There are corresponding points given for each round. That is 2, 3, and 5 points for every correct answer in the easy, average, and hard rounds, respectively. Suppose Kim got 6 correct answers in the easy; 2 correct answers in the average; and 4 correct answers in the difficult round, what are her total points in the contest?	null	38	Kim got 6 points/round x 2 round = <<62=12>>12 points in the easy round. She got 2 points/round x 3 rounds = <<23=6>>6 points in the average round. She got 4 points/round x 5 rounds = <<4*5=20>>20 points in the difficult round. So her total points is 12 points + 6 points + 20 points = <<12+6+20=38>>38 points. #### 38
gsm8k-6580	open	Toby is filling his swimming pool for the summer. The pool normally takes 50 hours to fill. He knows his hose runs at 100 gallons per hour. Water costs 1 cent for 10 gallons. How many dollars does it cost to fill the pool?	null	5	The pool holds 5000 gallons of water because 50 x 100 = <<50100=5000>>5000 Every gallon costs $.001 because $.01/10 = $<<.01/10=.001>>.001 It costs $5 to fill the pool because 5000 x $.001 = $<<5000.001=5>>5 #### 5
sciq-8072	multiple_choice	What is the movement of plates called?	[ "volcanic activity", "plate tectonics", "fracking", "migration" ]	B
sciq-2122	multiple_choice	What is it called when plants release water vapor through their leaves?	[ "eutrophication", "transpiration", "photosynthesis", "evaporation" ]	B
scienceQA-9313	multiple_choice	Based on this information, what is Abby's phenotype for the fur texture trait?	[ "soft fur", "rough fur" ]	A	Abby's genotype for the fur texture gene is ff. Abby's genotype of ff has only f alleles. The f allele is for soft fur. So, Abby's phenotype for the fur texture trait must be soft fur. To check this answer, consider whether Abby's alleles are dominant or recessive. The allele for rough fur (F) is dominant over the allele for soft fur (f). This means F is a dominant allele, and f is a recessive allele. Abby's genotype of ff has only recessive alleles. An organism with only recessive alleles for a gene will have the recessive allele's version of the trait. So, Abby's phenotype for the fur texture trait must be soft fur.
scienceQA-5212	multiple_choice	Which would smell more?	[ "silver ring", "soap bar" ]	B	Smelly is a property. A smelly material has a strong smell. Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine smelling the material shown in each picture. Of the choices, the soap bar would smell more. A bar of soap has a strong smell.
sciq-11596	multiple_choice	What do people build to protect areas from floods?	[ "reinforced walls", "dams", "drains", "sewers" ]	B
gsm8k-4020	open	There are 10 books on the table. Two-fifths of them are reading books and three-tenths of them are math books. There is one fewer science book than math books and the rest are history books. How many history books are there?	null	1	Out of the 10 books, 10 x 2/5 = <<102/5=4>>4 are reading books. While 10 x 3/10 = <<103/10=3>>3 are math books. There are 3 - 1 = <<3-1=2>>2 science books. So, the total number of reading, math, and science books is 4 + 3 + 2 = <<4+3+2=9>>9. Thus, there is only 10 - 9 = <<10-9=1>>1 history book. #### 1
sciq-662	multiple_choice	What mammalian structure allows the exchange of gases, nutrients, and other substances between the fetus and mother?	[ "notochord", "placenta", "uterus", "mitochondria" ]	B
ai2_arc-941	multiple_choice	Which substance is a compound?	[ "sodium", "chlorine", "table salt", "salt water" ]	C
sciq-1923	multiple_choice	What type of numerical figure is important in considering the precision and accuracy of a number?	[ "component", "significant", "insignificant", "exponent" ]	B
gsm8k-4938	open	Kayden's business delivered an equal number of the 400 cartons of milk it had processed to four of its customers in different towns. However, each of the four customers returned 60 cartons damaged during delivery. What's the total number of cartons that were accepted by the customers?	null	160	Each of the four customers received delivery of 400/4= <<400/4=100>>100 cartons of milk. Since each customer returned 60 cartons that were damaged during delivery, the number of cartons accepted is 100-60 = <<100-60=40>>40 cartons by each customer. If each customer accepted 40 cartons, the total number of cartons that the four customers did not return is 404 = <<404=160>>160 #### 160
sciq-10736	multiple_choice	Exemplified by cesium, which ignites spontaneously in air, pure elements with a high metallic character tend to be very what?	[ "inactive", "proactive", "radiactive", "reactive" ]	D
sciq-1471	multiple_choice	Atoms of one element can be transformed into another through which process?	[ "nuclear reactions", "developed reactions", "longer reactions", "magnetic reactions" ]	A
ai2_arc-1020	multiple_choice	Wind turbines are being used to generate electricity in many parts of the United States. One advantage of wind turbines is that no fossil fuels are burned. Which of the following is a disadvantage of wind turbines?	[ "Wind turbines can emit dangerous radiation if damaged.", "Wind turbine farms must be located near large bodies of water.", "Wind turbines do not produce energy until many years after being built.", "Wind turbine farms require a lot of area compared to how much energy they produce." ]	D
gsm8k-4007	open	Liz's basketball team is down by 20 points in the final quarter of their game. Liz goes on a shooting spree, sinking 5 free throw shots, 3 three-pointers, and 4 other jump shots. The other team only scores 10 points that quarter, and none of Liz's teammates manage to score any points. How much does Liz's team lose by at the end of the game?	null	8	Each free throw counts as 1 point, so 5 successful free throws means she scores 51= <<51=5>>5 points Each 3 pointer counts as 3 points, so this means Liz scores 33= <<33=9>>9 points from 3 pointers Each jump shot counts as 2 points, meaning Liz scores 42=<<42=8>>8 points of jump shots. Liz's opponents score 10 points during the quarter, meaning their lead is 30 points in total before accounting for Liz's scoring. Liz scores a total of 5+9+8=<<5+9+8=22>>22 points in the quarter. This amount is subtracted from the lead of Liz's opponents, meaning they win by 30-22= <<30-22=8>>8 points. #### 8
gsm8k-2150	open	Rhea buys 2 trays of eggs every week for her family. Her son and daughter eat 2 eggs every morning, and Rhea and her husband eat 4 eggs every night. If each tray has 24 eggs, how many eggs are not being eaten every week?	null	6	Rhea buys a total of 24 x 2 = <<242=48>>48 eggs every week. Her son and daughter eat 2 x 7 = <<27=14>>14 eggs every week. Rhea and her husband eat 4 x 7= <<4*7=28>>28 eggs every week. So, the total eggs they eat is 28 + 14 = <<28+14=42>>42. Therefore, the total number of eggs that are not being eaten is 48 - 42 = <<48-42=6>>6. #### 6
scienceQA-12154	multiple_choice	During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to ().	[ "each cake . . . the surroundings", "the surroundings . . . each cake" ]	A	The temperature of each cake decreased, which means that the thermal energy of each cake decreased. So, thermal energy was transferred from each cake to the surroundings.
scienceQA-3166	multiple_choice	Which material is this fire hydrant made of?	[ "metal", "porcelain" ]	A	Look at the picture of the fire hydrant. The fire hydrant is made of metal. Fire hydrants are made of strong metal to keep the water from leaking out.
sciq-791	multiple_choice	Combining the voltages of the oxidation and reduction half reactions helps to determine what?	[ "moisture", "magnetic", "slimy", "voltage" ]	D
sciq-9133	multiple_choice	What cause the rippled surface of the ocean?	[ "tides", "earthquakes", "waves", "winds" ]	C
sciq-6154	multiple_choice	The mechanical and digestive processes have one goal: to convert food into molecules small enough to be absorbed by the epithelial cells of what?	[ "stomach cilia", "alveoli", "intestinal villi", "bile ducts" ]	C
ai2_arc-354	multiple_choice	What is one way to change water from a liquid to a solid?	[ "decrease the temperature", "increase the temperature", "decrease the mass", "increase the mass" ]	A
gsm8k-3429	open	From Monday to Friday, Elle practices piano for 30 minutes. On Saturday, she practices piano three times as much as on a weekday. There is no practice on Sunday. How many hours does Elle spend practicing piano each week?	null	4	From Monday to Friday, Elle practices 0.50 x 5 = <<0.505=2.5>>2.5 hours. On Saturday, she practices 0.50 x 3 = <<0.503=1.5>>1.5 hours. Each week, Elle practices piano for 2.5 + 1.5 = <<2.5+1.5=4>>4 hours. #### 4
scienceQA-4406	multiple_choice	What information supports the conclusion that Danielle inherited this trait?	[ "Danielle's parents have red hair. They passed down this trait to Danielle.", "Danielle and her mother both wear their hair in braids." ]	A
scienceQA-11318	multiple_choice	Which is this organism's common name?	[ "Flabellina iodinea", "Spanish shawl nudibranch" ]	B	Flabellina iodinea is written in italics. The first word is capitalized, and the second word is not. So, it is the scientific name. Flabellina iodinea is the organism's scientific name. So, you know that Spanish shawl nudibranch is the common name.
sciq-10288	multiple_choice	Deletions remove one or more what from the dna?	[ "exons", "codons", "nucleotides", "genes" ]	C
gsm8k-5969	open	Candace decides to enter a race. The race is run in 4 segments, with racers eliminated at the end of each segment. 10 racers are eliminated after the first segment. A third of the remaining racers are eliminated after the next section. Half of the remaining racers are eliminated before the last leg of the race. If 100 racers started the race, how many will run in the final section of the race?	null	30	After the first segment, there are 100 – 10 = <<100-10=90>>90 racers left in the race. After the second segment, 90 / 3 = <<90/3=30>>30 racers are eliminated. This leaves 90 – 30 = <<90-30=60>>60 racers to compete in the third segment. After the third segment, 60 / 2 = <<60/2=30>>30 more racers are eliminated. This leaves 60 – 30 = <<60-30=30>>30 racers to run in the final section of the race. #### 30

sciq-165

multiple_choice

How metalloids behave in chemical interactions with other elements depends mainly on the number of what, in the outer energy level of their atoms?

[ "protons", "positrons", "neutrons", "electrons" ]

D

gsm8k-663

open

A rectangular flowerbed in the city park is 4 meters wide. Its length is 1 meter less than twice its width. The government wants to fence the flowerbed. How many meters of fence are needed?

null

22

Twice the width is 4 x 2 = <<4*2=8>>8 meters. The length of the rectangular flowerbed is 8 - 1= <<8-1=7>>7 meters. Since the rectangular flower bed has 2 equal lengths, then it needs 7 x 2 = <<7*2=14>>14 meters of fence. The rectangular bed has also 2 equal widths, so it needs 4 x 2 = <<8=8>>8 meters of fence. Therefore, the rectangular flower bed needs a total of 14 + 8 = <<14+8=22>>22 meters of fence. #### 22

scienceQA-1796

multiple_choice

What is the mass of a can of soup?

[ "14 pounds", "14 ounces", "14 tons" ]

B

The best estimate for the mass of a can of soup is 14 ounces. 14 pounds and 14 tons are both too heavy.

scienceQA-4667

multiple_choice

Which of the following statements is true?

[ "A substance's chemical structure depends only on the number and types of atoms in each molecule of the substance.", "Both the smell and the taste of methyl anthranilate contribute to its grape flavor." ]

B

gsm8k-1406

open

Bill is trying to count the toddlers at his daycare, but they keep running around. He double-counts 8 toddlers and misses 3 who are hiding. If Bill thinks he counted 26 toddlers, how many are there really?

null

21

First subtract the 8 toddlers Bill double-counted from his count: 26 toddlers - 8 toddlers = <<26-8=18>>18 toddlers Then add the 3 toddlers he missed to find the real count: 18 toddlers + 3 toddlers = <<18+3=21>>21 toddlers #### 21

sciq-3337

multiple_choice

What are the taste receptors found as tiny bumps on the tongue called?

[ "hard buds", "fat buds", "taste buds", "ear buds" ]

C

scienceQA-6365

multiple_choice

Will these magnets attract or repel each other?

[ "repel", "attract" ]

A

To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other. The north pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other.

ai2_arc-227

multiple_choice

Millions of people living all over the world have cancer. Is cancer a pandemic?

[ "No, because cancer is not contagious.", "No, because cancer is not always fatal.", "Yes, because millions of people have cancer.", "Yes, because people all over the world have cancer." ]

A

gsm8k-6592

open

The square footage of the two bedrooms in the apartment that Jenny and Martha share totals 300 square feet. If Jenny's bedroom is 60 square feet larger than Martha's, how large, in square feet, is Martha's bedroom?

null

120

Let M be the number of square feet in Matha's bedroom Jenny's bedroom is M+60 square feet. M+M+60=300 2M+60=300 2M=240 M=<<120=120>>120 Martha's bedroom is 120 square feet. #### 120

sciq-8312

multiple_choice

Both androgen secretion and spermatogenesis occur continuously starting with what?

[ "birth", "walking", "mutation", "puberty" ]

D

gsm8k-2777

open

Ivory and Brayan are doing school projects with a tight deadline and have to stay up late to complete everything. They prepare coffee to help them stay focused. If Brayan drinks twice as much coffee as Ivory, and Brayan drinks 4 cups of coffee in an hour, calculate the total number of cups of coffee they drink together in 5 hours.

null

30

If Brayan drinks 4 cups of coffee in an hour, twice what Ivory drinks, then Ivory drinks 4/2 = <<4/2=2>>2 cups of coffee in an hour. Together, they drink 4+2 = <<4+2=6>>6 cups of coffee in an hour. After 5 hours, they will drink 5*6 = <<5*6=30>>30 cups of coffee together. #### 30

scienceQA-595

multiple_choice

Which property matches this object?

[ "scratchy", "slippery" ]

B

Look at the object. Think about each property. A slippery object is hard to hold onto or stand on. The wet paint is slippery. A scratchy object is rough and itchy against your skin. The wet paint is not scratchy.

sciq-6483

multiple_choice

The hardest natural substance, diamond is a form of what element?

[ "zirconium", "hydrogen", "zenon", "carbon" ]

D

ai2_arc-113

multiple_choice

Plants have cells, tissues, organs, and systems that allow them to function as complete organisms. Which parts of a plant function as an organ?

[ "leaves", "spores", "root hairs", "chlorophyll molecules" ]

A

scienceQA-2973

multiple_choice

Select the chemical formula for this molecule.

[ "I2Cl2", "ICl", "I2Cl", "ICl2" ]

B

I is the symbol for iodine. According to the legend, iodine atoms are shown in dark purple. Cl is the symbol for chlorine. According to the legend, chlorine atoms are shown in green. This ball-and-stick model shows a molecule with one iodine atom and one chlorine atom. The chemical formula will contain the symbols I and Cl. There is one iodine atom, so I will not have a subscript. There is one chlorine atom, so Cl will not have a subscript. The correct formula is ICl. The diagram below shows how each part of the chemical formula matches with each part of the model above.

sciq-815

multiple_choice

The small, egg-shaped organs that lie on either side of the uterus are called?

[ "glands", "lungs", "kidneys", "ovaries" ]

D

gsm8k-3716

open

John starts at an elevation of 400 feet. He travels downward at a rate of 10 feet down per minute for 5 minutes. What is his elevation now?

null

350

He traveled down 10*5=<<10*5=50>>50 feet. So he is at an elevation of 400-50=<<400-50=350>>350 feet. #### 350

gsm8k-1396

open

Mrs. Lim milks her cows twice a day. Yesterday morning, she got 68 gallons of milk and in the evening, she got 82 gallons. This morning, she got 18 gallons fewer than she had yesterday morning. After selling some gallons of milk in the afternoon, Mrs. Lim has only 24 gallons left. How much was her revenue for the milk if each gallon costs $3.50?

null

616

Mrs. Lim got 68 gallons - 18 gallons = <<68-18=50>>50 gallons this morning. So she was able to get a total of 68 gallons + 82 gallons + 50 gallons = <<68+82+50=200>>200 gallons. She was able to sell 200 gallons - 24 gallons = <<200-24=176>>176 gallons. Thus, her total revenue for the milk is $3.50/gallon x 176 gallons = $<<3.50*176=616>>616. #### 616

sciq-1137

multiple_choice

Insects have a highly specialized type of respiratory system called what?

[ "gland system", "grunion system", "nasal system", "tracheal system" ]

D

sciq-160

multiple_choice

Glaciers are incredibly powerful agents of what?

[ "extinction", "erosion", "insulation", "climate change" ]

B

gsm8k-3583

open

Carson is covering the high school football field with grass seed. Each square meter needs three times as much seed as fertilizer. If Carson uses 60 gallons of seed and fertilizer combined, how many gallons of seed does he use?

null

45

Let s be the number of gallons of seed Carson uses and f be the number of gallons of fertilizer. We know that s = 3f and s + f = 60. Substituting the first equation into the second equation produces 3f + f = 60 Combining like terms, we get 4f = 60 Dividing both sides by 4, we get f = 15 Substituting that value into the equation s = 3f, we get s = 3 * 15 = <<3*15=45>>45 #### 45

gsm8k-750

open

Jamal bought 4 half dozen colored crayons at $2 per crayon. What was the total cost of the crayons that she bought?

null

48

Since a dozen has 12 items, a half dozen has 1/2*12=<<6=6>>6 items. Since Jamal bought four half dozen colored crayons, he bought 4*6 = <<4*6=24>>24 colored crayons. If each crayon's cost was $2, Jamal paid $2*24 = $<<2*24=48>>48 for all the crayons he bought. #### 48

sciq-4789

multiple_choice

Chewing a bite of bread mixes it with what and facilitates its chemical breakdown?

[ "chyme", "interstitial fluid", "saliva", "calcium" ]

C

scienceQA-2748

multiple_choice

Select the organism in the same genus as the common toad.

[ "Bufo bufo", "Hyla japonica", "Lithobates catesbeianus" ]

A

A common toad's scientific name is Bufo bufo. The first word of its scientific name is Bufo. Lithobates catesbeianus is in the genus Lithobates. The first word of its scientific name is Lithobates. So, Lithobates catesbeianus and Bufo bufo are not in the same genus. This organism and the common toad are in the same genus and the same species! Both organisms have the same scientific name, Bufo bufo. Hyla japonica is in the genus Hyla. The first word of its scientific name is Hyla. So, Hyla japonica and Bufo bufo are not in the same genus.

gsm8k-4479

open

Bob grew corn in his garden this year and ended up with 50 bushels. This is way too much for him to eat, so he gave some of it away to his friends. His friend Terry took 8 bushels, while Jerry only took 3. He gave 12 bushels to his friend Linda, who runs a food pantry. His neighbor Stacy doesn't eat much corn, but she still accepted 21 ears of corn from him. If each bushel contained 14 ears of corn, how many ears of corn does Bob have left?

null

357

Stacy took 21 ears of corn, there are 14 ears to a bushel, so she took 21 ears / 14 ears/bushel = <<21/14=1.5>>1.5 bushels of corn. In all, Bob gave away 8 bushels + 3 bushels + 12 bushels + 1.5 bushels = <<8+3+12+1.5=24.5>>24.5 bushels of corn. This leaves him with 50 bushels - 24.5 bushels = <<50-24.5=25.5>>25.5 bushels of corn. At 14 ears of corn per bushel, Bob has 25.5 bushels * 14 ears per bushel = <<25.5*14=357>>357 ears of corn. #### 357

sciq-11302

multiple_choice

A problem with using food chains to describe ecosystems is that some organisms can feed on or be consumed by species from more than one of what level?

[ "habitat level", "trophic level", "pH level", "biome level" ]

B

gsm8k-4077

open

Three towns, Toadon, Gordonia, and Lake Bright, have 80000 people. Gordonia has 1/2 times the total population in the three cities. If the population of Toadon is 60 percent of Gordonia's population, how many people live in Lake Bright?

null

16000

The population of Gordonia is 1/2 * 80000 people = 40000 people Toadon has 60/100 * 40000 people = <<60/100*40000=24000>>24000 people The total population of Gordonia and Toadon is 40000 people + 24000 people = <<40000+24000=64000>>64000 people The population of Lake Bright is 80000 people - 64000 people = <<80000-64000=16000>>16000 people #### 16000

gsm8k-2847

open

GiGi took out a big bowl of mushrooms from the refrigerator. She cut each mushroom into 4 pieces. Her twins, Kenny and Karla sprinkled mushrooms on their pizzas and baked them in the oven. Kenny grabbed a handful and sprinkled 38 mushroom pieces on his pizza. Karla scooped them up with both hands and sprinkled 42 mushroom pieces on her pizza. On the cutting board, were 8 pieces of mushrooms remaining. How many mushrooms did GiGi cut up at the beginning?

null

22

Kenny used 38 / 4 = <<38/4=9.5>>9.5 mushrooms on his pizza. Karla used 42 / 4 = <<42/4=10.5>>10.5 mushrooms on her pizza. Together, the twins used 9.5 + 10.5 = <<9.5+10.5=20>>20 mushrooms. There are 8 / 4 = <<8/4=2>>2 mushrooms left on the cutting board. GiGi cut up 20 + 2 = <<20+2=22>>22 mushrooms at the beginning. #### 22

sciq-10585

multiple_choice

All three types of convergent plate boundaries produce what destructive phenomenon?

[ "tornado", "earthquake", "volcano", "storm" ]

B

sciq-4514

multiple_choice

What are boggy regions with thick layers of peat called?

[ "tropics", "peatlands", "meadows", "wetlands" ]

B

sciq-1002

multiple_choice

What type of organisms are helpless at birth and require lots of help from their parents?

[ "Microorganisms", "multicellular organisms", "altricial organisms", "precocial organisms" ]

C

scienceQA-7247

multiple_choice

Look at the models of molecules below. Select the elementary substance.

[ "fluoromethane", "oxygen", "cyclopropane" ]

B

sciq-3526

multiple_choice

The differences in the biomes is due to differences in the what factors?

[ "air quality", "biological", "abiotic", "temperature" ]

C

sciq-3311

multiple_choice

Venus rotates slowly in a direction opposite to the direction of what?

[ "its orbit", "the orbit of Mars", "the Earth's orbit", "the sun" ]

A

gsm8k-3678

open

Tom plants a tree that is 1 year old and 5 feet tall. It gains 3 feet per year. How old is it when it is 23 feet tall?

null

7

It has grown 23-5=<<23-5=18>>18 feet So it is 18/3=<<18/3=6>>6 years older That means it is 6+1=<<6+1=7>>7 years old #### 7

sciq-10838

multiple_choice

Binding of acetylcholine to receptors on the muscle fiber leads to a?

[ "conduction", "depolarization", "excitation", "repolarization" ]

B

gsm8k-162

open

Daniel has a collection of 346 video games. 80 of them, Daniel bought for $12 each. Of the rest, 50% were bought for $7. All others had a price of $3 each. How much did Daniel spend on all the games in his collection?

null

2290

On 80 games, Daniel spend 80 games * $12/game = $<<80*12=960>>960. The rest of the collection is 346 games - 80 games = <<346-80=266>>266 games. 50% of these games means 50/100 * 266 games = <<50/100*266=133>>133 games. Daniel bought them for $7 each, so he had to spend 133 games * $7/game = $<<133*7=931>>931 on them. The other 133 games were bought for $3 each, so they've cost him 133 games * $3/game = $<<133*3=399>>399. On all games in total Daniel spent $960 + $931 + $399 = $<<960+931+399=2290>>2290. #### 2290

scienceQA-3927

multiple_choice

Which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles?

[ "Solution B", "Solution A", "neither; their concentrations are the same" ]

A

In Solution A and Solution B, the yellow particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles, look at both the number of yellow particles and the volume of the solvent in each container. Use the concentration formula to find the number of yellow particles per milliliter. Solution B has more yellow particles per milliliter. So, Solution B has a higher concentration of yellow particles.

scienceQA-9657

multiple_choice

Complete the sentence. The mutation in the () affected the structure and function of the ().

[ "transporter protein . . . w gene", "w gene . . . transporter protein" ]

B

A mutation in a gene may affect the protein it encodes. So, the mutation in the w gene affected the structure and function of the transporter protein.

sciq-646

multiple_choice

Because dizygotic twins develop from two eggs fertilized by two sperm, they are no more identical than siblings born at what?

[ "different times", "different places", "other eras", "other times of day" ]

A

scienceQA-3150

multiple_choice

Which marble has a higher temperature?

[ "the marble with more thermal energy", "the marble with less thermal energy" ]

A

The two marbles are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the marble with more thermal energy has a higher temperature.

scienceQA-11531

multiple_choice

Select the invertebrate.

[ "black howler", "red-eyed tree frog", "painted stork", "yellow jacket" ]

D

A yellow jacket is an insect. Like other insects, a yellow jacket is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A black howler is a mammal. Like other mammals, a black howler is a vertebrate. It has a backbone. A red-eyed tree frog is an amphibian. Like other amphibians, a red-eyed tree frog is a vertebrate. It has a backbone. A painted stork is a bird. Like other birds, a painted stork is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.

sciq-564

multiple_choice

What is the name for a biologist who studies fungi?

[ "egyptologists", "mycologists", "oncologists", "musicologists" ]

B

scienceQA-2591

multiple_choice

Is the following statement about our solar system true or false? Of the four smallest planets, two are made mainly of gas.

[ "true", "false" ]

B

To decide which four planets are the smallest, look at the volumes and compare the exponents. The volumes of Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars have the smallest exponents. So, these four planets are the smallest. These four planets are made mainly of rock. So, of the four smallest planets, none are made mainly of gas.

sciq-6323

multiple_choice

Which ocean zone is the narrow strip along a coastline that is covered by water at high tide and exposed to air at low tide?

[ "deep zone", "miniscule zone", "calcareous zone", "intertidal zone" ]

D

scienceQA-891

multiple_choice

Select the fish.

[ "humpback whale", "piranha", "zebra", "gharial" ]

B

A gharial is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Gharials are a type of crocodile. Gharials live near rivers and eat fish. A zebra is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk. Zebras eat mostly grass. But they sometimes eat other types of plants, such as shrubs or tree bark. A humpback whale is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk. Whales are mammals that live in the ocean. Humpback whales have small hairs that grow from bumps around their mouth. A piranha is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Piranhas have sharp teeth. Piranhas hunt in groups. A group of piranhas can eat a large animal.

sciq-11304

multiple_choice

In plants, a cell plate is formed during cell cytokinesis by golgi vesicles fusing at the what?

[ "mitosis plate", "tectonic plate", "metaphase plate", "chromosomes plate" ]

C

sciq-3740

multiple_choice

What is the muscular organ shaped like an upside-down pear that has a thick lining of tissues called the endometrium?

[ "lungs", "kidney", "liver", "uterus" ]

D

gsm8k-5192

open

Martha gets prize points every time she shops at her local grocery store. She gets 50 points per $10 spent, plus a 250 point bonus if she spends more than $100. Martha buys 3 pounds of beef for $11 each, 8 pounds of fruits and vegetables for $4/pound, 3 jars of spices for $6 each, and other groceries totaling $37. How many points does Martha get?

null

850

First find the total cost of the beef: $11/pound * 3 pounds = $<<11*3=33>>33 Then find the total cost of the fruits and vegetables: $4/pound * 8 pounds = $<<4*8=32>>32 Then find the total cost of the spices: $6/jar * 3 jars = $<<6*3=18>>18 Now add the cost of all the items to find Martha's total spending: $33 + $32 + $18 + $37 = $<<33+32+18+37=120>>120 Now divide 50 points by $10 to find now many points Martha gets per dollar: 50 points / $10 = <<50/10=5>>5 points/dollar Now multiply this exchange rate by Martha's total spending to find how many points she gets before the bonus: $120 * 5 points/dollar = <<120*5=600>>600 points Finally, add the 250 point bonus Martha gets for spending more than $100: 600 points + 250 points = 850 points #### 850

scienceQA-8432

multiple_choice

Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature?

[ "neither; the samples have the same temperature", "sample B", "sample A" ]

B

Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, but the particles in sample B have a higher average speed than the particles in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A. Because the particles in sample B have the higher average kinetic energy, sample B must have the higher temperature.

gsm8k-7392

open

Gina chooses what she and her sister will watch on Netflix three times as often as her sister does. If her sister watches a total of 24 shows on Netflix per week, and each show is 50 minutes long, how many minutes of Netflix does Gina get to choose?

null

900

Let g be the number of shows Gina chooses and s be the number her sister chooses. We know that g = 3s and g + s = 24 Substituting the first equation into the second equation, we get 3s + s = 24 Combining like terms, we get 4s = 24 Dividing both sides by 4, we get s = 6 Substituting this value back into g = 3s, we get g = 3 * 6 = <<3*6=18>>18 Then multiply the number of shows by the length of each show in minutes to find the total number of minutes Gina chooses: 18 shows * 50 minutes/show = <<18*50=900>>900 minutes #### 900

scienceQA-1102

multiple_choice

Which trait did Eryma have? Select the trait you can observe on the fossil.

[ "a round, flat body", "two claws" ]

B

sciq-683

multiple_choice

What are two nonliving things that all living things need for survival?

[ "calcium", "methane", "water and air", "sunlight" ]

C

gsm8k-2227

open

Russel and Jen went to the circus. Jen played a shooting game twice, while Russel rode the carousel three times. If the shooting game costs 5 tickets and the carousel costs 3 tickets. How many tickets did they use?

null

19

Jen used 5 x 2 = <<5*2=10>>10 tickets in the shooting game. Russel used 3 x 3 = <<3*3=9>>9 tickets in the carousel. Therefore, they used 10 + 9 = <<10+9=19>>19 tickets in all. #### 19

gsm8k-1727

open

Niko has bought 9 pairs of socks that cost $2 each and plans to resell them. He wants to gain 25% profit from four of the pairs of socks and $0.2 profit each for the other 5 pairs of socks. How much will his total profit be?

null

3

Niko will earn $2 x 25/100 = $<<2*25/100=0.5>>0.5 profit for each of the first four pairs of socks. So, his total profit for the four pairs of socks will be $0.5 x 4 = $<<0.5*4=2>>2. His total earnings for the 5 pairs of socks is $0.2 x 5 = $<<0.2*5=1>>1. Therefore, his total profit will be $2 + $1 = $<<2+1=3>>3. #### 3

sciq-2981

multiple_choice

What is it called when organisms with traits that better enable them to adapt to their environment tend to survive and reproduce in greater numbers?

[ "natural selection", "adaptation", "evolution", "natural distribution" ]

A

sciq-2324

multiple_choice

The modern atomic theory states that all matter is composed of what?

[ "ions", "quarks", "atoms", "molecules" ]

C

sciq-9078

multiple_choice

The active transport of ions across the membrane causes an electrical gradient to build up across the what?

[ "cells membrane", "colloidal membrane", "components membrane", "plasma membrane" ]

D

scienceQA-10163

multiple_choice

What do these two changes have in common? chicken cooking in an oven a penny tarnishing

[ "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are caused by cooling." ]

B

Step 1: Think about each change. Cooking chicken is a chemical change. The heat causes the matter in the chicken to change. Cooked chicken and raw chicken are different types of matter. Metal turning less shiny over time is called tarnishing. A penny tarnishing is a chemical change. When air touches the penny, the surface of the penny changes into a different type of matter. This matter makes the penny dull. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Cooking is caused by heating. But a penny tarnishing is not. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

sciq-10135

multiple_choice

Which acids provide the molecular blueprints for all proteins produced in living systems?

[ "nucleic acids", "amino acids", "periodic acids", "nitrous acids" ]

A

scienceQA-5546

multiple_choice

Which material is this swimsuit made of?

[ "plastic", "polyester" ]

B

Look at the picture of the swimsuit. The swimsuit is made of polyester. Polyester is a strong and light synthetic fabric. Synthetic materials are created by people. Polyester can be woven into materials to make clothes or even seat belts! It can also be used as stuffing in pillows and furniture.

gsm8k-7321

open

A group of science students went on a field trip. They took 9 vans and 10 buses. There were 8 people in each van and 27 people on each bus. How many people went on the field trip?

null

342

The vans held 9 vans * 8 people = <<9*8=72>>72 people. The buses held 10 buses * 27 people = <<10*27=270>>270 people. The total number of people on the field trip is 72 + 270 = <<72+270=342>>342 people. #### 342

scienceQA-4834

multiple_choice

What is the mass of a bicycle?

[ "12 grams", "12 kilograms" ]

B

The better estimate for the mass of a bicycle is 12 kilograms. 12 grams is too light.

sciq-7037

multiple_choice

Some protists hunt their food or act as what?

[ "parasites", "mammals", "reptiles", "bats" ]

A

sciq-9079

multiple_choice

What process determines which of two fossils is older or younger than the other?

[ "curve dating", "relative dating", "difference dating", "differential dating" ]

B

sciq-3895

multiple_choice

What is the process where light bounces back from surfaces that it cannot pass through?

[ "diffraction", "direction", "absorbtion", "reflection" ]

D

gsm8k-3547

open

James gets a fleet of gas transportation vans. He gets 6 vans. 2 of them are 8000 gallons. 1 of them is 30% less than that. The remaining trucks are 50% larger than the 2 trucks. How many gallons can he transport?

null

57600

His smaller truck is 8000*.3=<<8000*.3=2400>>2400 gallons smaller So it can transport 8000-2400=<<8000-2400=5600>>5600 gallons There are 6-2-1=<<6-2-1=3>>3 of the very large trucks Those trucks are each 8000*.5=<<8000*.5=4000>>4000 gallons larger So they can transport 8000+4000=<<8000+4000=12000>>12000 gallons So in total they transport 3*12000=<<3*12000=36000>>36000 The 8000-gallon trucks can transport 8000*2=<<8000*2=16000>>16000 gallons So in total he can transport 5600+16000+36000=<<5600+16000+36000=57600>>57600 gallons #### 57600

sciq-8696

multiple_choice

Scientists use the principles of what to make predictions, which they then test?

[ "their guesses", "their faith", "their teachers", "their hypothesis" ]

D

sciq-10966

multiple_choice

Bacteria can be used to make cheese from milk. the bacteria turn the milk sugars into what?

[ "acetic acid", "lactic acid", "hydrochloric acid", "ionic acid" ]

B

gsm8k-6938

open

A train leaves its departure station with 6 coal cars, 12 iron cars, and 2 wood cars. Between each station, there are 6 miles, and it takes 25 minutes to travel between them. At each station, the train can deposit up to 2 coal cars, 3 iron cars, and 1 wood car. How many minutes will it take to deliver all the cars?

null

100

To deliver all the coal, you need to pass by 6 coal / 2 coal/station = <<6/2=3>>3 stations To deliver all the iron, you need to pass by 12 iron / 3 iron/station = <<12/3=4>>4 stations To deliver all the wood, you need to pass by 2 wood / 1 wood/station = <<2=2>>2 stations So 4 stations are needed to deliver everything, so 4 stations * 25 minutes/station = <<4*25=100>>100 minutes are needed #### 100

scienceQA-3691

multiple_choice

Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?

[ "The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1.", "The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.", "The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 2." ]

C

Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are closer together, the magnetic force between them is stronger. The magnets in Pair 2 are closer together than the magnets in Pair 1. So, the magnetic force is stronger in Pair 2 than in Pair 1.

gsm8k-1087

open

Hadley loves to do volunteer work at the local library. On a certain day, she neatly arranges 100 books on the shelf. By lunchtime, a certain number of books had been borrowed. She added 40 more books to the same shelf. By evening, 30 more books had been borrowed. If the shelf had 60 books remaining by the evening, how many books had been borrowed by lunchtime?

null

50

Let x be the number of books borrowed by lunchtime. So by lunchtime, the remaining number of books will be 100-x After adding 40 more books, the total number of books increased to 100-x+40. By evening, after 30 more books have been borrowed, the total number of books remaining is 100-x+40-30 = 60 Thus 110 - x = 60. Thus x = <<50=50>>50 books #### 50

gsm8k-896

open

The math questions in a contest are divided into three rounds: easy, average, and hard. There are corresponding points given for each round. That is 2, 3, and 5 points for every correct answer in the easy, average, and hard rounds, respectively. Suppose Kim got 6 correct answers in the easy; 2 correct answers in the average; and 4 correct answers in the difficult round, what are her total points in the contest?

null

38

Kim got 6 points/round x 2 round = <<6*2=12>>12 points in the easy round. She got 2 points/round x 3 rounds = <<2*3=6>>6 points in the average round. She got 4 points/round x 5 rounds = <<4*5=20>>20 points in the difficult round. So her total points is 12 points + 6 points + 20 points = <<12+6+20=38>>38 points. #### 38

gsm8k-6580

open

Toby is filling his swimming pool for the summer. The pool normally takes 50 hours to fill. He knows his hose runs at 100 gallons per hour. Water costs 1 cent for 10 gallons. How many dollars does it cost to fill the pool?

null

5

The pool holds 5000 gallons of water because 50 x 100 = <<50*100=5000>>5000 Every gallon costs $.001 because $.01/10 = $<<.01/10=.001>>.001 It costs $5 to fill the pool because 5000 x $.001 = $<<5000*.001=5>>5 #### 5

sciq-8072

multiple_choice

What is the movement of plates called?

[ "volcanic activity", "plate tectonics", "fracking", "migration" ]

B

sciq-2122

multiple_choice

What is it called when plants release water vapor through their leaves?

[ "eutrophication", "transpiration", "photosynthesis", "evaporation" ]

B

scienceQA-9313

multiple_choice

Based on this information, what is Abby's phenotype for the fur texture trait?

[ "soft fur", "rough fur" ]

A

Abby's genotype for the fur texture gene is ff. Abby's genotype of ff has only f alleles. The f allele is for soft fur. So, Abby's phenotype for the fur texture trait must be soft fur. To check this answer, consider whether Abby's alleles are dominant or recessive. The allele for rough fur (F) is dominant over the allele for soft fur (f). This means F is a dominant allele, and f is a recessive allele. Abby's genotype of ff has only recessive alleles. An organism with only recessive alleles for a gene will have the recessive allele's version of the trait. So, Abby's phenotype for the fur texture trait must be soft fur.

scienceQA-5212

multiple_choice

Which would smell more?

[ "silver ring", "soap bar" ]

B

Smelly is a property. A smelly material has a strong smell. Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine smelling the material shown in each picture. Of the choices, the soap bar would smell more. A bar of soap has a strong smell.

sciq-11596

multiple_choice

What do people build to protect areas from floods?

[ "reinforced walls", "dams", "drains", "sewers" ]

B

gsm8k-4020

open

There are 10 books on the table. Two-fifths of them are reading books and three-tenths of them are math books. There is one fewer science book than math books and the rest are history books. How many history books are there?

null

1

Out of the 10 books, 10 x 2/5 = <<10*2/5=4>>4 are reading books. While 10 x 3/10 = <<10*3/10=3>>3 are math books. There are 3 - 1 = <<3-1=2>>2 science books. So, the total number of reading, math, and science books is 4 + 3 + 2 = <<4+3+2=9>>9. Thus, there is only 10 - 9 = <<10-9=1>>1 history book. #### 1

sciq-662

multiple_choice

What mammalian structure allows the exchange of gases, nutrients, and other substances between the fetus and mother?

[ "notochord", "placenta", "uterus", "mitochondria" ]

B

ai2_arc-941

multiple_choice

Which substance is a compound?

[ "sodium", "chlorine", "table salt", "salt water" ]

C

sciq-1923

multiple_choice

What type of numerical figure is important in considering the precision and accuracy of a number?

[ "component", "significant", "insignificant", "exponent" ]

B

gsm8k-4938

open

Kayden's business delivered an equal number of the 400 cartons of milk it had processed to four of its customers in different towns. However, each of the four customers returned 60 cartons damaged during delivery. What's the total number of cartons that were accepted by the customers?

null

160

Each of the four customers received delivery of 400/4= <<400/4=100>>100 cartons of milk. Since each customer returned 60 cartons that were damaged during delivery, the number of cartons accepted is 100-60 = <<100-60=40>>40 cartons by each customer. If each customer accepted 40 cartons, the total number of cartons that the four customers did not return is 40*4 = <<40*4=160>>160 #### 160

sciq-10736

multiple_choice

Exemplified by cesium, which ignites spontaneously in air, pure elements with a high metallic character tend to be very what?

[ "inactive", "proactive", "radiactive", "reactive" ]

D

sciq-1471

multiple_choice

Atoms of one element can be transformed into another through which process?

[ "nuclear reactions", "developed reactions", "longer reactions", "magnetic reactions" ]

A

ai2_arc-1020

multiple_choice

Wind turbines are being used to generate electricity in many parts of the United States. One advantage of wind turbines is that no fossil fuels are burned. Which of the following is a disadvantage of wind turbines?

[ "Wind turbines can emit dangerous radiation if damaged.", "Wind turbine farms must be located near large bodies of water.", "Wind turbines do not produce energy until many years after being built.", "Wind turbine farms require a lot of area compared to how much energy they produce." ]

D

gsm8k-4007

open

Liz's basketball team is down by 20 points in the final quarter of their game. Liz goes on a shooting spree, sinking 5 free throw shots, 3 three-pointers, and 4 other jump shots. The other team only scores 10 points that quarter, and none of Liz's teammates manage to score any points. How much does Liz's team lose by at the end of the game?

null

8

Each free throw counts as 1 point, so 5 successful free throws means she scores 5*1= <<5*1=5>>5 points Each 3 pointer counts as 3 points, so this means Liz scores 3*3= <<3*3=9>>9 points from 3 pointers Each jump shot counts as 2 points, meaning Liz scores 4*2=<<4*2=8>>8 points of jump shots. Liz's opponents score 10 points during the quarter, meaning their lead is 30 points in total before accounting for Liz's scoring. Liz scores a total of 5+9+8=<<5+9+8=22>>22 points in the quarter. This amount is subtracted from the lead of Liz's opponents, meaning they win by 30-22= <<30-22=8>>8 points. #### 8

gsm8k-2150

open

Rhea buys 2 trays of eggs every week for her family. Her son and daughter eat 2 eggs every morning, and Rhea and her husband eat 4 eggs every night. If each tray has 24 eggs, how many eggs are not being eaten every week?

null

6

Rhea buys a total of 24 x 2 = <<24*2=48>>48 eggs every week. Her son and daughter eat 2 x 7 = <<2*7=14>>14 eggs every week. Rhea and her husband eat 4 x 7= <<4*7=28>>28 eggs every week. So, the total eggs they eat is 28 + 14 = <<28+14=42>>42. Therefore, the total number of eggs that are not being eaten is 48 - 42 = <<48-42=6>>6. #### 6

scienceQA-12154

multiple_choice

During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to ().

[ "each cake . . . the surroundings", "the surroundings . . . each cake" ]

A

The temperature of each cake decreased, which means that the thermal energy of each cake decreased. So, thermal energy was transferred from each cake to the surroundings.

scienceQA-3166

multiple_choice

Which material is this fire hydrant made of?

[ "metal", "porcelain" ]

A

Look at the picture of the fire hydrant. The fire hydrant is made of metal. Fire hydrants are made of strong metal to keep the water from leaking out.

sciq-791

multiple_choice

Combining the voltages of the oxidation and reduction half reactions helps to determine what?

[ "moisture", "magnetic", "slimy", "voltage" ]

D

sciq-9133

multiple_choice

What cause the rippled surface of the ocean?

[ "tides", "earthquakes", "waves", "winds" ]

C

sciq-6154

multiple_choice

The mechanical and digestive processes have one goal: to convert food into molecules small enough to be absorbed by the epithelial cells of what?

[ "stomach cilia", "alveoli", "intestinal villi", "bile ducts" ]

C

ai2_arc-354

multiple_choice

What is one way to change water from a liquid to a solid?

[ "decrease the temperature", "increase the temperature", "decrease the mass", "increase the mass" ]

A

gsm8k-3429

open

From Monday to Friday, Elle practices piano for 30 minutes. On Saturday, she practices piano three times as much as on a weekday. There is no practice on Sunday. How many hours does Elle spend practicing piano each week?

null

4

From Monday to Friday, Elle practices 0.50 x 5 = <<0.50*5=2.5>>2.5 hours. On Saturday, she practices 0.50 x 3 = <<0.50*3=1.5>>1.5 hours. Each week, Elle practices piano for 2.5 + 1.5 = <<2.5+1.5=4>>4 hours. #### 4

scienceQA-4406

multiple_choice

What information supports the conclusion that Danielle inherited this trait?

[ "Danielle's parents have red hair. They passed down this trait to Danielle.", "Danielle and her mother both wear their hair in braids." ]

A

scienceQA-11318

multiple_choice

Which is this organism's common name?

[ "Flabellina iodinea", "Spanish shawl nudibranch" ]

B

Flabellina iodinea is written in italics. The first word is capitalized, and the second word is not. So, it is the scientific name. Flabellina iodinea is the organism's scientific name. So, you know that Spanish shawl nudibranch is the common name.

sciq-10288

multiple_choice

Deletions remove one or more what from the dna?

[ "exons", "codons", "nucleotides", "genes" ]

C

gsm8k-5969

open

Candace decides to enter a race. The race is run in 4 segments, with racers eliminated at the end of each segment. 10 racers are eliminated after the first segment. A third of the remaining racers are eliminated after the next section. Half of the remaining racers are eliminated before the last leg of the race. If 100 racers started the race, how many will run in the final section of the race?

null

30

After the first segment, there are 100 – 10 = <<100-10=90>>90 racers left in the race. After the second segment, 90 / 3 = <<90/3=30>>30 racers are eliminated. This leaves 90 – 30 = <<90-30=60>>60 racers to compete in the third segment. After the third segment, 60 / 2 = <<60/2=30>>30 more racers are eliminated. This leaves 60 – 30 = <<60-30=30>>30 racers to run in the final section of the race. #### 30