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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse%20compensation
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Reverse compensation, in United States broadcasting, is the practice of a commercial television station paying a television network in exchange for being permitted to affiliate with that network. The word "reverse" refers to the historical practice of networks paying stations to compensate them for the airtime networks use to run network advertisements during their programming.
Reverse compensation first appeared in the 1990s, with The WB Television Network receiving reverse compensation from several stations. In 2001, San Jose, California station KNTV agreed to pay $362 million over ten years to become the NBC affiliate for the Bay Area market, the largest such agreement to date. Shortly after, NBC bought KNTV when the station's owner ran into financial difficulty.
The practice played a role in the 2006 affiliation drives of two newly announced networks, The CW Television Network and MyNetworkTV. The CW reportedly demanded reverse compensation from affiliates for an arguably proven, but still low-rated, prime time schedule; MyNetworkTV made no such demand and also allowed stations to keep more ad time than a traditional network would. As a result, several stations that seemed to be good candidates to become CW affiliates, including most WB- and UPN-affiliated Sinclair Broadcast Group stations, announced affiliations with MyNetworkTV instead, though in cases where Sinclair had market duopolies, eventually relented and affiliated the second stations with The CW before their launch. Pappas Telecasting and Tribune Company, the two major station groups which did carry The CW, both filed for bankruptcy protection in 2008. Tribune, which operated the largest group of CW affiliates at the time of the network's launch, removed the network name from its stations' branding for a few years, until management changes returned the network branding to most of their affiliates.
In Canada, CTV attempted to move from a traditional network affiliation contract to a reverse compensation model in the early 2000s, which played a role in the disaffiliation of CHAN-TV in Vancouver, British Columbia and CJON-TV in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador from the network.
References
Television terminology
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KWBN
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KWBN (channel 44) is a religious television station in Honolulu, Hawaii, United States, airing programming from the Daystar Television Network. The station is owned and operated by Ho'ona'auao Community Television, a subsidiary of Daystar parent company Word of God Fellowship. KWBN's transmitter is located in Akupu, Hawaii.
KWBN, which signed on the air in 1999, is one of six religious stations serving the Honolulu television market, with KWHE, KAAH-TV, KALO, KKAI and KUPU being the other five.
KWBN's allocation channel, like KALO and PBS member station KHET, is reserved for non-commercial use, and as such, must rely on paid religious programs, educational fare, and viewer donations for support.
Technical information
Subchannels
The station's digital signal is multiplexed:
Analog-to-digital conversion
In 2009, KWBN left channel 44 and moved to channel 43 when the analog-to-digital conversion was completed.
On April 13, 2017, the FCC announced that KWBN would relocate to RF channel 26 by April 12, 2019 as a result of the broadcast incentive auction. The move was completed in December 2018.
References
External links
Official website
WBN
Television channels and stations established in 1999
Daystar Television Network affiliates
1999 establishments in Hawaii
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenMusic
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OpenMusic (OM) is an object-oriented visual programming environment for musical composition based on Common Lisp.
It may also be used as an all-purpose visual interface to Lisp programming. At a more specialized level, a set of provided classes and libraries make it a very convenient environment for music composition.
History
OpenMusic is the last in a series of computer-assisted composition software designed at IRCAM.
Versions of OpenMusic are currently available for Mac OS X (PowerPC and Intel), Windows and Linux. The source code has been released under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL).
Programming in OpenMusic
Programs in OpenMusic are created by connecting together (a process known as 'patching') either pre-defined or user-defined modules, in a similar manner to graphical signal-processing environments such as Max/MSP or Pd. Unlike such environments, however, the result of an OpenMusic computation will typically be displayed in conventional music notation, which can then be directly manipulated, if so required, via an editor. A substantial body of specialized libraries has been contributed by users, which extends OpenMusic's functionality into such areas as constraint programming, aleatoric composition, spectral music, minimalist music, music theory, fractals, music information retrieval, sound synthesis etc.
Composers using OpenMusic
Alain Bancquart
Brian Ferneyhough
Joshua Fineberg
Karim Haddad
Rozalie Hirs
Eres Holz
Michael Jarrell
Fabien Lévy
Magnus Lindberg
Fang Man
Philippe Manoury
Tristan Murail
Kaija Saariaho
Marco Stroppa
References
OpenMusic : Un langage visuel pour la composition musicale assistée par ordinateur, Carlos Agon, PhD Thesis, IRCAM—Univ. Paris 6.
The OM Composer's Book 1, ed. Carlos Agon, Gérard Assayag and Jean Bresson, 2006, Editions Delatour/IRCAM; .
The OM Composer's Book 2, ed. Jean Bresson, Carlos Agon and Gérard Assayag, 2008, Editions Delatour/IRCAM.
The OM Composer's Book 3, ed. Jean Bresson, Carlos Agon and Gérard Assayag, 2016, Editions Delatour/IRCAM.
Fabio Selvafiorita's Thesis in Italian, Selvafiorita, Fabio, .
Composition assistée par ordinateur : techniques et outils de programmation visuelle pour la création musicale, Jean Bresson, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 2017.
External links
OpenMusic Homepage, with full OM class and function reference, tutorials and instructions on building OM from source.
Audio programming languages
Common Lisp (programming language) software
Visual programming languages
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KHLU-CD
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KHLU-CD, virtual and UHF digital channel 46, was a low-power, Class A Univision-affiliated television station licensed to Honolulu, Hawaii, United States. The station was owned by Hawaiian TV Network, Ltd. On cable, the station was carried on Time Warner Cable digital channel 35, which added the station in March 2014.
History
KHLU signed on the air on August 26, 1994 as K60FJ and began airing Univision programming to Honolulu's growing Hispanic population.
Originally KHLU operated on channel 60, but when the FCC made that channel a full-powered allocation with more than seven companies applying for the last vacant TV signal in the market, they relocated to channel 46 and were upgraded to Class A status.
In 2010, KHLU filed an application with the FCC to convert its status from analog to digital. It was licensed for digital operation on channel 46 on May 29, 2015. On April 13, 2017, the FCC announced that KHLU-CD would relocate to RF channel 36 by April 12, 2019 as a result of the broadcast incentive auction.
KHLU-CD went dark on November 21, 2016 after its automated traffic system failed, which made it impossible to manage the station's programming and feed it to the transmitter. On November 17, 2017, KHLU-CD surrendered its license. While the shutdown of KHLU-CD left Honolulu as one of the few markets without an over-the-air Univision or UniMás affiliate, both networks maintain national feeds available locally on cable television.
References
Defunct television stations in the United States
HLU-CD
Television channels and stations established in 1996
Spanish-language television stations in the United States
1996 establishments in Hawaii
Television channels and stations disestablished in 2017
2017 disestablishments in Hawaii
HLU-CD
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unan1mous
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Unan1mous (pronounced "unanimous") is an American reality television program that premiered on the Fox Network on March 22, 2006, and ran for one season. The host of the series was J. D. Roth.
Concept
Nine strangers are locked in a bunker and told they cannot leave until they unanimously choose to award one of them the grand prize money. Contestants are isolated from the outside world, and have no access to any time references. If a contestant chooses to leave the bunker and quit the game would result in the grand prize being cut in half (in one instance on the show, a contestant was forced to leave due to health reasons so the money was not cut in half).
Votes are cast by each contestant taking a ball and selecting the name of one of the other contestants via a roller inside of it (a person's own name is not included in their ball). If a vote is not unanimous, something negative happens to the players to increase the pressure to reach a unanimous decision. Throughout the course of the game, these were the "punishments" the players received:
The contestants select three random envelopes, each containing a secret about one of them. It is not known whose secrets are being read, and contestants vote to decide which secret is the worst. The holder of that secret is "outcast" from the game, meaning they are no longer eligible to win the money, but that they will remain in the bunker (wearing a special uniform) and continue to vote. Outcast players are also still subject to the rule that if anyone leaves, the amount will be halved. (After Vote 1)
The money begins to constantly decrease, pausing only when a vote is being held or to freeze the amount when someone has decided to leave. (After Vote 2)
The contestants secretly vote to decide who will become an outcast. (After Votes 3 and 4)
The person voted to become an outcast is given the chance to select any remaining active player to become an outcast. (After Outcast Vote 2)
The three outcasts each get to select one of the four remaining players, making the unpicked person an outcast. (After Vote 5)
The four outcasts must select which one of the outcasts gets put back into the game. If they cannot decide by a majority within 15 minutes, the decision is left to the group leader (who, if an outcast, can choose to bring him/herself back). (After Vote 6)
The show was supposedly open-ended, and could end at any time: from one episode to several depending on if or when a unanimous vote is eventually reached. If the contest continued long enough, the money would be completely gone. The final episode aired May 10, 2006. However, the whole premise had a definite time limit of less than eight full days. The entire show was filmed in only 10 days, as the total amount of money was cut in half once and then decreased at such a rate as to make it impossible for the contestants to be stuck in the bunker "forever."
Cast
Richard, 42: Temp Worker, writer
Jameson, 38: Human Resources Manager. Gay Activist
Kelly
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Complexity%20of%20Songs
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"The Complexity of Songs" is a scholarly article by computer scientist Donald Knuth in 1977, as an in-joke about computational complexity theory. The article capitalizes on the tendency of popular songs to devolve from long and content-rich ballads to highly repetitive texts with little or no meaningful content. The article notes that a song of length N words may be produced remembering, e.g., only words ("space complexity" of the song) or even less.
Article summary
Knuth writes that "our ancient ancestors invented the concept of refrain" to reduce the space complexity of songs, which becomes crucial when a large number of songs is to be committed to one's memory. Knuth's Lemma 1 states that if N is the length of a song, then the refrain decreases the song complexity to cN, where the factor c < 1.
Knuth further demonstrates a way of producing songs with O() complexity, an approach "further improved by a Scottish farmer named O. MacDonald".
More ingenious approaches yield songs of complexity O(), a class known as "m bottles of beer on the wall".
Finally, the progress during the 20th century—stimulated by the fact that "the advent of modern drugs has led to demands for still less memory"—leads to the ultimate improvement: Arbitrarily long songs with space complexity O(1) exist, e.g. a song defined by the recurrence relation
'That's the way,' 'I like it,' , for all
'uh huh,' 'uh huh'
Further developments
Prof. Kurt Eisemann of San Diego State University in his letter to the Communications of the ACM further improves the latter seemingly unbeatable estimate. He begins with an observation that for practical applications the value of the "hidden constant" c in the Big Oh notation may be crucial in making the difference between the feasibility and unfeasibility: for example a constant value of 1080 would exceed the capacity of any known device. He further notices that a technique has already been known in Mediaeval Europe whereby textual content of an arbitrary tune can be recorded basing on the recurrence relation , where , yielding the value of the big-Oh constant c equal to 2. However it turns out that another culture achieved the absolute lower bound of O(0). As Prof. Eisemann puts it:
"When the Mayflower voyagers first descended on these shores, the native Americans proud of their achievement in the theory of information storage and retrieval, at first welcomed the strangers with the complete silence. This was meant to convey their peak achievement in the complexity of songs, namely the demonstration that a limit as low as c = 0 is indeed obtainable."
However the Europeans were unprepared to grasp this notion, and the chiefs, in order to establish a common ground to convey their achievements later proceeded to demonstrate an approach described by the recurrent relation , where , with a suboptimal complexity given by c = 1.
The O(1) space complexity result was also implemented by Guy L. Steele, Jr., perhaps challenged by Knuth's a
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterloo%20railway%20station%20%28Merseyside%29
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Waterloo railway station is a railway station in Waterloo, Merseyside, England, on the Northern Line of the Merseyrail network. It serves a largely residential area, although there is a number of shops along South Road, where the station entrance is situated.
History
Waterloo opened in 1848 as the original terminus of the Liverpool, Crosby and Southport Railway. In 1850, the line was extended to Liverpool Exchange. It became part of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (LYR), on 14 June 1855, which took over from the (LCSR). The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway amalgamated with the London and North Western Railway on 1 January 1922 and in turn was Grouped into the London, Midland and Scottish Railway in 1923. Nationalisation followed in 1948 and in 1978 the station became part of the Merseyrail network's Northern Line (operated by British Rail until privatisation in 1995).
Facilities
The station is staffed 15 minutes before the first service and 15 minutes after the last service. There is platform CCTV, shelters and a booking office. A self-serve ticket machine is also provided in the booking hall. There are departure and arrival screens on the platform for passenger information. The station has secure storage for 30 cycles. The station is fully wheelchair accessible: access to the platforms is via steps or a lift from the ticket office. There is another entry point by means of a ramp from the bus station across South Road, although this has been closed for several years. The station also connects with local bus services.
Services
Trains run northbound to Southport and southbound to Hunts Cross via Liverpool Central at 15 minute frequencies on Mondays to Saturdays. On Sundays, they run every 30 minutes.
Accidents and incidents
On 15 July 1903, a Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway passenger train entered the station at excessive speed and was derailed. Seven people were killed and 116 were injured.
Gallery
References
External links
Railway stations in the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton
DfT Category E stations
Former Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway stations
Railway stations served by Merseyrail
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1848
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WNMC-FM
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WNMC-FM (90.7 FM) is a public radio station in Traverse City, Michigan, and is licensed to the trustees of Northwestern Michigan College (NMC). The station has block programming, mostly jazz and blues during the daytime, Americana in the late afternoon, and rock programming at night, but also playing alternative country, world music, and electronica.
History
The station began life in 1967 as a student organization broadcasting to the dormitories at NMC as a carrier-current station. The move to become an FM station was started by NMC students Tod Redfern, Wayne Niebroski, Malcolm Brooks, and Dennis Panagopoulus in 1976. In 1979, WNMC made its FM debut at 90.9, broadcasting at a mere 10 watts, and in 1981, they boosted power again to 150 watts, covering Traverse City and approximately six miles radius of surrounding territory.
In 1997, WNMC boosted their power once more to 600 watts and moved to its current frequency, 90.7. The station now broadcasts from the relay tower of WPBN-TV 7 & 4, Traverse City's NBC station.
The station is supported by student activity fees, listener donations and business underwriting. Northwestern Michigan College supplies bookkeeping and fundraising as well as a space to operate from. The annual budget is approximately $90,000.
Staff
WNMC is staffed mostly community volunteers ranging in age from 16 to 70+, from all over its service area. One of the station's jazz programs was once hosted by WPBN news anchor Dave Walker, who started his radio career at WKLA in Ludington, Michigan in the 1960s.
Ben Hamper author of Rivethead currently hosts two programs on the station: Soul Possession (soul & funk), 9–11pm Fridays and Head for the Hills (hillbilly obscurities) 10–noon on Sunday.
Astronomer, NASA Ambassador, and former station manager Michael Foerster hosts a science feature on the Friday morning show circa 7:15am.
The station's only employee is Eric Hines. Eric was a journalist prior to being recruited for the position. His previous experience in radio was with WRSU-FM on the station's Radio Council. Eric is responsible for almost all the functions of the station. He even is heard on the air several times a week. In cheese circles Hines is famous for inventing Stringburger, a string cheese variant of the famed, pungent Limburger.
In recent years, the station added a morning show, hosted by Peter Strong, General Manager Eric Hines, Diane Hines, Dave Gault and several other community volunteers. Strong previously worked in northern Michigan radio in the early 80s and worked in Colorado not too long ago. The program is a mixture of news, music and chat.
The station has recently begun automated broadcasts from 2 to 6am, and now generally broadcasts 24 hours a day.
Programming
WNMC broadcasts a wide variety of music, most of it otherwise unavailable on the radio dial in its service area. Jazz, blues, alternative rock, folk, world music and local music are primary areas of concentration. Specialty shows featur
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AT%26T%20Communications
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AT&T Communications is a division of AT&T that focuses on mobile phone, broadband, fixed line telephone, home security, network security, and business services. The division houses AT&T Mobility, AT&T Internet, AT&T Phone, AT&T Labs, AT&T Digital Life, and AT&T Cybersecurity.
History and information
On July 28, 2017, AT&T announced a new AT&T Communications corporate division housing AT&T Mobility, DirecTV, U-verse, AT&T Business, AT&T Intellectual Property, AT&T Labs, Cricket Wireless, AT&T Digital Life, Vyatta, AT&T Adworks, and Technology and Operations Group.
In October 2016, AT&T announced a deal to acquire Time Warner worth $85.4 billion (including assumed Time Warner debt). The proposed deal would give AT&T significant holdings in the media industry; AT&T's competitor Comcast had previously acquired NBCUniversal in a similar bid to increase its media holdings, in concert with its ownership of television and internet providers. If approved by federal regulators, the merger would bring Time Warner's properties under the same umbrella as AT&T's telecommunication holdings, including satellite provider DirecTV.
By the end of July, the company announced that, effective August 1, a new structure was created before the acquisition would close. This structure has John Donovan take the title of CEO of the new AT&T Communications subsidiary division (incorporated that same day after a dividend payout). AT&T named John Stankey to run Time Warner media businesses and John Donovan as CEO of AT&T Communications ahead of the Time Warner acquisition. In November 2017, the U.S. Justice Department said it was moving to sue to block the AT&T-Time Warner merger. On November 20, 2017, the Department of Justice filed an antitrust lawsuit over the acquisition; Makan Delrahim stated that the deal would "greatly harm American consumers". AT&T asserts that this suit is a "radical and inexplicable departure from decades of antitrust precedent". On December 22, 2017, the merger agreement deadline was extended to June 21, 2018. On June 12, 2018, the AT&T-Time Warner merger was approved by a federal judge. Two days later, AT&T completed the acquisition of Time Warner, and a day later the company was renamed WarnerMedia.
On July 10, 2018, AT&T announced that it would acquire cybersecurity startup AlienVault for an undisclosed amount. The acquisition was completed on August 22, 2018.
AT&T Phone
AT&T Phone (formerly AT&T U-verse Voice) is a voice communication service delivered over AT&T's IP network (VoIP). This phone service is digital and provides a voicemail service accessed by *98 from the home number. Customers who subscribe to both AT&T Phone and U-verse TV get features such as call history on channel 9900, which displays the last 100 missed and answered calls on the customer's TV, and "Click to Call" from the TV history. AT&T Phone includes Caller ID, Call Blocking, Anonymous Call Blocker, and many other calling features. AT&T Phone was first available in D
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed%20lock%20manager
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Operating systems use lock managers to organise and serialise the access to resources. A distributed lock manager (DLM) runs in every machine in a cluster, with an identical copy of a cluster-wide lock database. In this way a DLM provides software applications which are distributed across a cluster on multiple machines with a means to synchronize their accesses to shared resources.
DLMs have been used as the foundation for several successful clustered file systems, in which the machines in a cluster can use each other's storage via a unified file system, with significant advantages for performance and availability. The main performance benefit comes from solving the problem of disk cache coherency between participating computers. The DLM is used not only for file locking but also for coordination of all disk access. VMScluster, the first clustering system to come into widespread use, relied on the OpenVMS DLM in just this way.
Resources
The DLM uses a generalized concept of a resource, which is some entity to which shared access must be controlled. This can relate to a file, a record, an area of shared memory, or anything else that the application designer chooses. A hierarchy of resources may be defined, so that a number of levels of locking can be implemented. For instance, a hypothetical database might define a resource hierarchy as follows:
Database
Table
Record
Field
A process can then acquire locks on the database as a whole, and then on particular parts of the database. A lock must be obtained on a parent resource before a subordinate resource can be locked.
Lock modes
A process running within a VMSCluster may obtain a lock on a resource. There are six lock modes that can be granted, and these determine the level of exclusivity being granted, it is possible to convert the lock to a higher or lower level of lock mode. When all processes have unlocked a resource, the system's information about the resource is destroyed.
Null (NL). Indicates interest in the resource, but does not prevent other processes from locking it. It has the advantage that the resource and its lock value block are preserved, even when no processes are locking it.
Concurrent Read (CR). Indicates a desire to read (but not update) the resource. It allows other processes to read or update the resource, but prevents others from having exclusive access to it. This is usually employed on high-level resources, in order that more restrictive locks can be obtained on subordinate resources.
Concurrent Write (CW). Indicates a desire to read and update the resource. It also allows other processes to read or update the resource, but prevents others from having exclusive access to it. This is also usually employed on high-level resources, in order that more restrictive locks can be obtained on subordinate resources.
Protected Read (PR). This is the traditional share lock, which indicates a desire to read the resource but prevents other from updating it. Others can howe
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiga%20software
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Amiga software is computer software engineered to run on the Amiga personal computer. Amiga software covers many applications, including productivity, digital art, games, commercial, freeware and hobbyist products. The market was active in the late 1980s and early 1990s but then dwindled. Most Amiga products were originally created directly for the Amiga computer (most taking advantage of the platform's unique attributes and capabilities), and were not ported from other platforms.
During its lifetime, thousands of applications were produced with over 10,000 utilities (collected into the Aminet repository). However, it was perceived as a games machine from outside its community of experienced and professional users. More than 12,000 games were available. New applications for the three existing Amiga-like operating systems are generally ported from the open source (mainly from Linux) software base.
Many Amiga software products or noteworthy programs during the timeline were ported to other platforms or inspired new programs, such as those aimed at 3D rendering or audio creations, e.g. LightWave 3D, Cinema 4D, and Blender (whose development started for the Amiga platform only). The first multimedia word processors for Amiga, such as TextCraft, Scribble!, Rashumon, and Wordworth, were the first on the market to implement full color WYSIWYG (with other platforms then only implementing black-and-white previews) and allowing the embedding of audio files.
History and characteristics
From the origins to 1988
1985
Amiga software started its history with the 1985 Amiga 1000. Commodore International released the programming specifications and development computers to various software houses, prominently Electronic Arts, a software house that then offered Deluxe Paint, Deluxe Music and others. Electronic Arts also developed the Interchange File Format (IFF) file container, to store project files realized by Deluxe Paint and Deluxe Music. IFF became the de facto standard in AmigaOS. The first to be shown were digitizer software ProPaint (in early beta). Both were used by Andy Warhol to produce a black-and-white photo of Debbie Harry at the Launch Gala at Lincoln Center, New York City in July 1985. In 1985 Commodore licensed the software called Transformer from Simile Research and put it on the market in January 1986, bundled with an external A1020 5.25-inch floppy drive. It emulated 8086 Intel-based PC-XT hardware. It could run MS-DOS and MS-DOS software such as Lotus 123 or WordStar. This provided early access to many applications, while waiting for native Amiga software to be developed. In 1985, Deluxe Paint emerged with graphic features that had been available only on dedicated graphic computers. It was dubbed the first Amiga "Killer application".
1986
In 1986 (the year of the launch of Amiga 2000) Amiga software products contributed to the Amiga's success as a game and multimedia machine. AmigaBasic from Microsoft, VizaWrite, TextCraft (word process
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Append
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In computer programming, append is the operation for concatenating linked lists or arrays in some high-level programming languages.
Lisp
Append originates in the programming language Lisp. The append procedure takes zero or more (linked) lists as arguments, and returns the concatenation of these lists.
(append '(1 2 3) '(a b) '() '(6))
;Output: (1 2 3 a b 6)
Since the append procedure must completely copy all of its arguments except the last, both its time and space complexity are O(n) for a list of elements. It may thus be a source of inefficiency if used injudiciously in code.
The nconc procedure (called append! in Scheme) performs the same function as append, but destructively: it alters the cdr of each argument (save the last), pointing it to the next list.
Implementation
Append can easily be defined recursively in terms of cons. The following is a simple implementation in Scheme, for two arguments only:
(define append
(lambda (ls1 ls2)
(if (null? ls1)
ls2
(cons (car ls1) (append (cdr ls1) ls2)))))
Append can also be implemented using fold-right:
(define append
(lambda (a b)
(fold-right cons b a)))
Other languages
Following Lisp, other high-level programming languages which feature linked lists as primitive data structures have adopted an append. To append lists, as an operator, Haskell uses ++, OCaml uses @.
Other languages use the + or ++ symbols to nondestructively concatenate a string, list, or array.
Prolog
The logic programming language Prolog features a built-in append predicate, which can be implemented as follows:
append([],Ys,Ys).
append([X|Xs],Ys,[X|Zs]) :-
append(Xs,Ys,Zs).
This predicate can be used for appending, but also for picking lists apart. Calling
?- append(L,R,[1,2,3]).
yields the solutions:
L = [], R = [1, 2, 3] ;
L = [1], R = [2, 3] ;
L = [1, 2], R = [3] ;
L = [1, 2, 3], R = []
Miranda
In Miranda, this right-fold, from Hughes (1989:5-6), has the same semantics (by example) as the Scheme implementation above, for two arguments.
append a b = reduce cons b a
Where reduce is Miranda's name for fold, and cons constructs a list from two values or lists.
For example,
append [1,2] [3,4] = reduce cons [3,4] [1,2]
= (reduce cons [3,4]) (cons 1 (cons 2 nil))
= cons 1 (cons 2 [3,4]))
(replacing cons by cons and nil by [3,4])
= [1,2,3,4]
Haskell
In Haskell, this right-fold has the same effect as the Scheme implementation above:
append :: [a] -> [a] -> [a]
append xs ys = foldr (:) ys xs
This is essentially a reimplementation of Haskell's ++ operator.
Perl
In Perl, the push function is equivalent to the append method, and can be used in the following way.
my @list;
push @list, 1;
push @list, 2, 3;
The end result is a list containing [1, 2, 3]
The unshift function appends to the front of a list, rather than the end
my @list;
unshift @list, 1;
unshift @list, 2, 3;
The end result is a list containing [2, 3, 1]
When opening a file, use the ">>" mode to appen
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/54th%20Primetime%20Emmy%20Awards
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The 54th Primetime Emmy Awards were held on Sunday, September 22, 2002. Nominations were announced July 22, 2002. The ceremony was hosted by Conan O'Brien and was broadcast on NBC. Two networks, FX and VH1, received their first major nominations this year. The program America: A Tribute to Heroes was simulcast on every major network and, therefore, is not designated with one below.
After four nominations during its first seven seasons, Friends won Outstanding Comedy Series without a directing or a writing nomination. Everybody Loves Raymond led all comedies with nine major nominations and three major wins. Meanwhile, after eight consecutive nominations (including five consecutive wins for its first five seasons), Frasier was excluded from the Outstanding Comedy Series nomination for the first time. It would not be nominated for its final two seasons either.
For the third straight year, the drama field was conquered by The West Wing. In addition to winning its third consecutive trophy for Outstanding Drama Series, The West Wing achieved a milestone when it became the third series (all dramas) to gain nine acting nominations for its main cast members. This tied the mark set by Hill Street Blues in 1982 and later matched by L.A. Law in 1989. Game of Thrones would also match this in 2019. The West Wing also set a record with twelve total acting nominations when including the guest category, a category that existed for L.A. Law, but was not available for Hill Street Blues during its second season (1981–82) of nine acting nominations. Overall, The West Wing led all series in major nominations and wins with thirteen and four.
In addition, Stockard Channing joined an exclusive club of actors that have won two awards in one ceremony for different roles. Furthermore, Michael Chiklis became the second actor in a cable network series to win for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series (after James Gandolfini for The Sopranos in 2000 and 2001) for his performance as Vic Mackey in The Shield whilst becoming FX's first ever acting win.
When Band of Brothers won Outstanding Miniseries, the audience gave a standing ovation to the miniseries' subjects: the soldiers of "Easy" Company, 2nd Battalion, 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment of the 101st Airborne Division, as their surviving members were shown both in the auditorium and on the broadcast at the Los Angeles St. Regis Hotel. Co-creator and executive producer Steven Spielberg then invited Major Richard "Dick" Winters, their D-Day commanding officer who was played by Damian Lewis in the miniseries and attended the ceremony live, to speak.
Winners and nominees
Winners are listed first and highlighted in bold:
Programs
Acting
Lead performances
Supporting performances
Individual performances
Directing
Writing
Most major nominations
Most major awards
Notes
Presenters
The awards were presented by the following people:
In Memoriam
Rod Steiger
James Gregory
Kim Hunter
Roy Huggins
LaWanda Page
Ch
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torula
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Torula (Cyberlindnera jadinii) is a species of yeast.
Use
Torula, in its inactive form (usually labeled as torula yeast), is widely used as a flavoring in processed foods and pet foods. It is often grown on wood liquor, a byproduct of paper production, which is rich in wood sugars (xylose). It is pasteurized and spray-dried to produce a fine, light grayish-brown powder with a slightly yeasty odor and gentle, slightly meaty taste.
Cyberlindnera jadinii (which in these contexts is often still labelled with its synonym Candida utilis) can be used, in a blend of various other yeasts, as secondary cheese starter culture "... to inoculate pasteurised milk, which mimic the natural yeast flora of raw milk and improve cheese flavour. Other functions of the added yeast organisms are the neutralisation of the curd (lactate degradation) and galactose consumption."
Like the flavor enhancer monosodium glutamate (MSG), torula is rich in glutamic acid. Therefore, it has become a popular replacement among manufacturers wishing to eliminate MSG or hide flavor enhancer usage in an ingredients list. It also enables the marketing of "all-natural" ingredients.
Torula finds accepted use in Europe and California for the organic control of olive flies. When dissolved in water, it serves as a food attractant, with or without additional pheromone lures, in McPhail and OLIPE traps, which drown the insects. In field trials in Sonoma County, California, mass trappings reduced crop damage to an average of 30% compared to almost 90% in untreated controls.
See also
Nutritional yeast
References
Candida (fungus)
Yeasts
Fungi described in 1926
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChEBI
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Chemical Entities of Biological Interest, also known as ChEBI, is a chemical database and ontology of molecular entities focused on 'small' chemical compounds, that is part of the Open Biomedical Ontologies (OBO) effort at the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI). The term "molecular entity" refers to any "constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer, etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity". The molecular entities in question are either products of nature or synthetic products which have potential bioactivity. Molecules directly encoded by the genome, such as nucleic acids, proteins and peptides derived from proteins by proteolytic cleavage, are not as a rule included in ChEBI.
ChEBI uses nomenclature, symbolism and terminology endorsed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and nomenclature committee of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (NC-IUBMB).
Scope and access
All data in the database is non-proprietary or is derived from a non-proprietary source. It is thus freely accessible and available to anyone. In addition, each data item is fully traceable and explicitly referenced to the original source. It is related in scope other databases such as ChEMBL, ChemSpider, DrugBank, MetaboLights and PubChem.
ChEBI data is available through a public web application, web services, SPARQL endpoint and downloads.
References
Biological databases
Chemical databases
Chemical nomenclature
Science and technology in Cambridgeshire
South Cambridgeshire District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DEMOS
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DEMOS (Dialogovaya Edinaya Mobilnaya Operatsionnaya Sistema: ) is a Unix-like operating system developed in the Soviet Union. It is derived from Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) Unix.
Development
DEMOS's development was initiated in the Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy in Moscow in 1982, and development continued in cooperation from other institutes, and commercialized by DEMOS Co-operative which employed most key contributors to DEMOS and to its earlier alternative, MNOS (a clone of Version 6 Unix). MNOS and DEMOS version 1.x were gradually merged from 1986 until 1990, leaving the joint OS, DEMOS version 2.x, with support for different Cyrillic script character encoding (charsets) (KOI-8 and U-code, used in DEMOS 1 and MNOS, respectively).
Initially it was developed for SM-4 (a PDP-11/40 clone) and SM-1600. Later it was ported to Elektronika-1082, BESM, ES EVM, clones of VAX-11 (SM-1700), and several other platforms, including PC/XT, Elektronika-85 (a clone of DEC Professional), and several Motorola 68020-based microcomputers.
The development of DEMOS effectively ceased in 1991, when the second project of the DEMOS team, RELCOM, took priority.
The originally suggested name was УНАС (UNAS), which is a volapukish word play on Unix; "у них" ("u nih") in Russian means "with them", "у нас" ("u nas") means "with us". Management dismissed this idea in favor of a traditional alphabet soup.
See also
MOS (operating system)
References
Mapping Russian Cyberspace — Rafal Rohozinski, United Nations Research Institute for Social Development, 1999
https://astr0baby.wordpress.com/2016/10/17/soviet-unix-clone-demos/
https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/odr/usenet-coup/
Computing in the Soviet Union
Soviet inventions
Berkeley Software Distribution
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seaforth%20%26%20Litherland%20railway%20station
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Seaforth & Litherland railway station is a railway station in Seaforth, Merseyside, England, on the Northern Line of the Merseyrail network. It also serves the adjacent area of Litherland.
There are around four trains per hour, taking around 15 minutes to/from Liverpool Central.
History
The main section of the Liverpool, Crosby and Southport Railway (LCSR), that between Waterloo and Southport, opened in July 1848. On 1 October 1850, the line was extended southwards to , where it connected with an existing line into Liverpool from Preston and from Bury. Among the intermediate stations on the extension was one at Seaforth, from the new southern terminus at (later Liverpool Exchange). The LCSR was absorbed by the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway at the start of 1855. Seaforth station was renamed Seaforth and Litherland in July 1905. The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway amalgamated with the London and North Western Railway on 1 January 1922 and in turn was Grouped into the London, Midland and Scottish Railway at the start of 1923. Nationalisation followed in 1948 and in 1978 the station became part of the Merseyrail network's Northern Line (operated by British Rail until privatised in 1995).
The station also provided a service from 2 July 1905 to Dingle in south Liverpool (and all intermediate stations running parallel with the Liverpool dock system) via Liverpool on the Liverpool Overhead Railway until 30 December 1956, when the LOR was closed and later demolished. The station underwent improvement work in 2009.
Facilities
The station is staffed 15 minutes before the first service and 15 minutes after the last service. There is platform CCTV, shelters and a booking office. There are departure and arrival screens on the platform for passenger information. The station has a 48-space car park, a cycle rack with 6 spaces and secure storage for 28 cycles. The station is fully wheelchair accessible and access to the station is via a ramp which is 30 metres long.
Gallery
Services
Trains operate every 15 minutes throughout the day from Monday to Saturday to Southport to the north, and to Hunts Cross in Liverpool via Liverpool Central to the south. Winter Sunday services are every 30 minutes in each direction.
References
External links
Railway stations in the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton
DfT Category E stations
Former Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1850
Railway stations served by Merseyrail
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBC%20Kids
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CBC Kids is a Canadian children's block on CBC Television. The block was launched as Hodge Podge Lodge in 1987 and contains programming targeted at children. The block airs on weekdays from 7:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m., Saturdays from 6:00 a.m. to noon and Sundays from 6:00 a.m. to 8:00 a.m.
Its French-language counterpart is Zone Jeunesse on ICI Radio-Canada Télé, which airs on weekdays from 5:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m., Saturdays from 6:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. and Sundays from 6:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m.
History
Hodge Podge Lodge (1987–1994)
From 1987 to 1992, the CBC's two-hour morning block of children's programs was called Hodge Podge Lodge (not to be confused with the earlier American series of the same name). The CBC's afternoon children's programs during this time were presented under generic CBC branding instead. CBC Children's Publicist Barbara Chernin and Producer Stephen Wrigh came up with the "Hodge Podge Lodge" moniker. Angela Bruce, Head of CBC Children's Programming, consented to the name for the lineup. The Hodge Podge Lodge interstitials featured animated multi-coloured geometric shapes, art supplies, and blocks moving around to music.
Following the CBC's rebrand in November 1992, the Hodge Podge Lodge interstitials were replaced with new ones featuring a group of animated animals. A new character was introduced and a contest was held to name the character.
CBC Playground (1994–2000)
Former theatre director Peter Moss became the CBC's head of children's programming in 1993, and the following winter, the CRTC complained about the CBC's lack of children's programming and presence of U.S. shows on weekday afternoons. On October 24, 1994, the lineup was renamed CBC Playground; the block expanded to 9:30 a.m. with a half-hour block of children's series from around the world. European series requiring narration were recorded in Toronto with the voices of Martha Henry, Colm Feore and Albert Schultz. The CBC said all programs between 9:30 a.m. and 11:00 a.m. will be Canadian within two years, as twelve shows for the block's first half-hour went into development.
In 1998, Adrian Mills became the CBC's new head of daytime programming, and CBC Playground was relaunched and expanded by an hour. Two presenters, Lisa Richardson and Drew Carnwath, were added to the block, and virtual sets began to be used. The CBC became a partner in the Get Set For Life campaign, which aimed to share information on development in preschoolers, alongside non-profit parenting organization Invest in Kids and Canadian Living magazine. CBC Playgrounds "Parenting with the Zap Family" interstitials were produced as part of the campaign.
Get Set For Life (2000–2003)
In 2000, CBC Playground was replaced with Get Set For Life, a block named after the campaign of the same name. This iteration had Alyson Court and Michael Clarke as its hosts.
By 2002, Cheryl Hassen had replaced Mills as the CBC's head of children's programming.
Kids' CBC (2003–2016)
Kids' CBC started in 2003, r
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phillip%20Rogaway
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Phillip Rogaway is an American cryptographer who is a professor of computer science at the University of California, Davis. He graduated from Beverly Hills High School, and later earned a BA in computer science from UC Berkeley and completed his PhD in cryptography at MIT, in the Theory of Computation group. He has taught at UC Davis since 1994. He was awarded the Paris Kanellakis Award in 2009 and the first Levchin Prize for Real World Cryptography in 2016. Rogaway received an NSF CAREER award in 1996, which the NSA had attempted to prevent by influencing the NSF.
He has been interviewed in multiple media outlets regarding his stance on the ethical obligations that cryptographers and computer scientists have to serve to the public good, specifically in the areas of internet privacy and digital surveillance.
Rogaway's papers cover topics including:
CMAC
Concrete security
DES and DES-X
Format-preserving encryption
OCB mode
Random oracle model
SEAL
UMAC
Zero-knowledge proofs
References
External links
Phillip Rogaway's home page at UC Davis
American cryptographers
Living people
Public-key cryptographers
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
University of California, Davis faculty
International Association for Cryptologic Research fellows
Year of birth missing (living people)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITV
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ITV or iTV may refer to:
ITV
Independent Television (ITV), a British television network, consisting of:
ITV (TV network), a free-to-air national commercial television network covering the United Kingdom, the Isle of Man, and the Channel Islands
ITV1, a brand name used by ITV plc for twelve franchises of the ITV television network covering England, Southern Scotland, Wales, the Isle of Man, and the Channel Islands
ITV Digital, a defunct UK digital terrestrial television broadcaster, which opened in 1998 as ONdigital and closed in 2002
ITV plc, the British parent company which owns thirteen of the fifteen ITV television network franchises
ITV Studios, a television production company owned by ITV plc
itv.com, the main website of ITV plc
ITV Parapentes, a defunct French aircraft manufacturer
ITV Independent Television Tanzania, a Tanzanian television station and member of the Commonwealth Broadcasting Association (CBA)
CITV-DT, a television station in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Internacia Televido, the first Esperanto-language television station, internet-based, defunct from 2006
Information Television Network, an American television production company based in Florida
ITV Network (India), a media group
iTV
iTV (Thailand), a Thai television station, renamed in 2007 as TITV, now defunct and replaced by Thai Public Broadcasting Service
iTV, formerly a Vietnamese interactive music channel, owned by Vietnam Multimedia Corporation
iTV, the pre-release codename for the Apple TV Home media product
i-Television, a television station in Ehime Prefecture, Japan
Interactive television (iTV), television which allows the exchange of information between the sender and the receiver
i: Independent Television, now called Ion Television, an American free-to-air television network
İctimai Television, an Azerbaijani public independent television station, based in Baku
Other
Inspección Técnica de Vehículos, the Spanish motor vehicle inspection
Instructional television, the use of television programmes in distance education
Internet television (Internet TV or iTV), television distributed via the internet (instead of being 'broadcast' via radio waves)
M901 ITV ('Improved TOW Vehicle'), an armored, mobile missile launcher of the U.S. Army
ITV, Interference by television, Television interference
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-Fone
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S-Fone was a mobile communication operator in Vietnam that used the CDMA technology. Founded on 1 July 2003 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, S-Fone became the third network of Vietnam, breaking the duopoly of the two VNPT operators. It is the trademark of S-Telecom (CDMA Mobile Phone Centre) (set up as a joint venture between Saigon Postel Corp. (SPT) and Korea SK Telecom). SK Telecom decided to leave the partnership in 2010. SPT has since then found it difficult to find a new partner, after a co-operation with Saigon Tel failed.
As of the start of 2005, breaking the old rule of the calls fee from 10 second to 1 second (6+1)7, S-Fone has 1,500,000 to 1,800,000 subscribers, contributing 3% to the total market (after Mobifone with 41%, Viettel Mobile with 34% and Vinaphone with 20%. Its market share (estimated based on revenues) fell to 0.1% by 2012 after suffering from a lack of capital, a small number of subscribers and low network quality.
S-Fone has become highly indebted and has been unable to pay salaries for several months in its Hanoi branch in late 2012. S-Fone ceased its operation, closed its stores and website, and released its staff from their contracts in July 2012. Its operating license expired in 2016.
Achievements
S-Fone is the first and biggest national cellular mobile phone network using CDMA in Vietnam (followed by EVN Telecom and HT Mobile). On 9 October 2006, S-Fone officially launched CDMA 2000 1x EV-DO value added services for the first time in Vietnam: VOD/MOD (Video, TV on demand, music on demand) and mobile Internet (enabling internet access for PCs and laptops via S-Fone network) beginning in Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, Da Nang, Hai Phong and Can Tho.
References
Telecommunications companies of Vietnam
Telecommunications companies established in 2003
2003 establishments in Vietnam
Vietnamese brands
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PortAudio
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PortAudio is an open-source computer library for audio playback and recording. It is a cross-platform library, so programs using it can run on many different computer operating systems, including Windows, Mac OS X and Linux. PortAudio supports Core Audio, ALSA, and MME, DirectSound, ASIO and WASAPI on Windows. Like other libraries whose primary goal is portability, PortAudio is written in the C programming language. It has also been implemented in the languages PureBasic and Lazarus/Free Pascal. PortAudio is based on a callback paradigm, similar to JACK and ASIO.
PortAudio is part of the PortMedia project, which aims to provide a set of platform-independent libraries for music software. The free audio editor Audacity uses the PortAudio library, and so does JACK on the Windows platform.
See also
List of free software for audio
Notes
References
PortAudio: Portable Audio Processing for All Platforms
Using portable, multi-OS sound systems
External links
Audio libraries
Computer libraries
Free software programmed in C
Software using the MIT license
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PortMedia
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PortMedia, formerly PortMusic, is a set of open source computer libraries for dealing with sound and MIDI. Currently the project has two main libraries: PortAudio, for digital audio input and output, and PortMidi, a library for MIDI input and output. A library for dealing with different audio file formats, PortSoundFile, is being planned, although another library, libsndfile, already exists and is licensed under the copyleft GNU Lesser General Public License. A standard MIDI file I/O library, PortSMF, is under construction.
PortMusic has become PortMedia and is hosted on SourceForge.
See also
List of free software for audio
External links
PortMusic website
Audio libraries
Computer libraries
Free audio software
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PortMidi
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PortMidi is a computer library for real time input and output of MIDI data. It is designed to be portable to many different operating systems. PortMidi is part of the PortMusic project.
See also
PortAudio
External links
portmidi.h – definition of the API and contains the documentation for PortMidi
Audio libraries
Computer libraries
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergo%20Proxy
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Ergo Proxy is a Japanese cyberpunk anime television series, produced by Manglobe, directed by Shūkō Murase and written by Dai Satō. The series ran for 23 episodes from February to August 2006 on the Wowow satellite network. It is set in a post-apocalyptic future where humans and AutoReiv androids coexist peacefully until a virus gives the androids self-awareness, causing them to commit a series of murders. Inspector Re-L Mayer is assigned to investigate, discovering a more complicated plot behind it that involves a humanoid species known as "Proxy" who are the subject of secret government experiments.
The series, which is heavily influenced by philosophy and Gnosticism, features a combination of 2D digital cel animation, 3D computer modeling, and digital special effects. After its release in Japan, the anime was licensed for a DVD release by Geneon Entertainment, with a subsequent television broadcast on Fuse in the United States. The show was also distributed to Australian, British and Canadian anime markets. Since its release, Ergo Proxy has received mostly favorable reviews which praised its visuals and themes.
Synopsis
Setting
The series is set in a post-apocalyptic, dystopian future. After an ecological disaster thousands of years prior rendered the outside world inhospitable towards life, domed cities were built as safe havens for the population. Inside these domes, one of which is Romdeau city (where the series takes place), humans and androids called AutoReivs coexist peacefully. Romdeau city government adopted a bureaucracy system, in which the government is divided between several entities such as the Intelligence Bureau, the Information Bureau, the Health & Welfare Bureau, and the Security Bureau, all under the control of the Administration Bureau led by an Administrator referred to as the "Regent".
The primary AutoReiv types are referred to as either "Companion"—(AutoReivs who physically possess a human-like appearance)—or "Entourage"—(AutoReivs with a robotic appearance)—depending on their role. There are others designed for leisure or combat; AutoReivs seem to be constructed of varying degrees of bio-cybernetic complexity to fit their specific functions. The humans in the city are grown in artificial wombs but are still biologically related to their ancestors. Throughout the series, it is shown that the humans living in the domes believe they cannot reproduce naturally. Likewise, when a new person is grown, they are done so to fulfill a specific purpose, thus ensuring that person's role in society through a "raison d'être".
Plot
A series of murders committed by AutoReivs infected with the Cogito virus (which causes them to become self-aware) begins to threaten the delicate balance of Romdeau City's social order. Behind the scenes, the government has been conducting secret experiments on a mysterious humanoid life form called "Proxy"; these Proxy beings (often described as god-like and immortal) are said to hold the very key to
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disaster%20Resource%20Network
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The Disaster Resource Network (DRN), an initiative of the World Economic Forum, was the first non-governmental organization to donate to the United Nations' CERF. The UN CERF is a fund created to aid regions threatened by starvation and disasters, particularly African nations. DRN organizes and mobilizes business sector resources to provide assistance in response to disasters around the world.
External links
DRN page
CERF Page
Hunger relief organizations
Emergency organizations
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Music%20Summit
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The Music Summit was a channel on XM Satellite Radio located on channel 13 (previously 24). The channel was programmed out of Cincinnati, Ohio, and sold to advertisers by Premiere Radio Networks. The terrestrial version is still free to air for HD Radio listeners on HD2 or HD3 stations owned by Clear Channel Communications in select radio markets.
The channel was pulled on June 8, 2011, in favor of a simulcast of WLTW in New York City.
History
Lite (2001–2002)
As part of an investment deal with Clear Channel Communications, XM agreed to simulcast some of Clear Channel's FM radio stations. Lite was one of the original four channels (named after Lite FM), and it simulcasted WLTW from New York City. With its popular adult contemporary format, WLTW has been the most profitable FM radio station in the US in recent years. Due to low subscription count at the time, XM's audience didn't concern themselves with the New York City locality of the station. After a couple years on the air, XM decided to move away from local simulcasts, and Lite became an exclusive-to-satellite station. However, the name Lite didn't stay.
Sunny (2002-2008)
On August 26, 2002, the Lite FM simulcast was dropped and the channel became its own brand: Sunny. The station was now on autopilot 24/7 with no jocks. In February 2003 Sunny joined all XM music channels in going commercial-free, making the station auto-piloted 24/7 by music. This incarnation of XM's Sunny had a beautiful music format and was programmed by Marlin Taylor. (In response to Lite FM's demise on XM, XM launched The Blend, a commercial-free mainstream adult contemporary channel on February 2, 2004.) From 2002 to 2004, Sunny featured a format of nonstop Christmas music between Thanksgiving and Christmas each year.
In March 2006, according to a 10-k filing, XM Satellite Radio mentioned that its Clear Channel-run music channels, including Sunny, would begin carrying commercials. This has been done to fulfill an arbitration settlement between XM and Clear Channel. In response to this, XM Canada, DirecTV and AOL Radio removed this channel on April 17 in favor of XM's commercial-free equivalent. Sunny now displays a "cm" next to its name on the XM unit's program-associated data to indicate that it is a commercial radio station. (As of May 5, the artist and song title is now displayed.)
Various format switches
On May 1, 2006, Sunny switched over to an adult standards style format, featuring more vocals and contemporary hits. A mix of big band hits and orchestral favorites, easy hits from the 1970s, oldies, some smooth jazz, and pop vocal standards figured in this nostalgic format. Concurrently, Escape on XM 78 replaced Sunny as the new "beautiful music" channel on XM.
On June 5 of the same year, Sunny changed formats yet again. It was now "AM gold" and classic hits, with no more hit parade songs, orchestral instrumentals or smooth jazz vocals, but instead strictly soft pop hits from the 1960s through the 1980s. F
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Featherstone%27s%20algorithm
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Featherstone's algorithm is a technique used for computing the effects of forces applied to a structure of joints and links (an "open kinematic chain") such as a skeleton used in ragdoll physics.
The Featherstone's algorithm uses a reduced coordinate representation. This is in contrast to the more popular Lagrange multiplier method, which uses maximal coordinates. Brian Mirtich's PhD Thesis has a very clear and detailed description of the algorithm. Baraff's paper "Linear-time dynamics using Lagrange multipliers" has a discussion and comparison of both algorithms.
References
External links
Featherstone Multibody in Bullet Physics engine
Featherstone's algorithm implementation in the Moby rigid body dynamics simulator
Source code for implementation of Featherstone's algorithm
Description and references
Mirtich's Thesis
Baraff's Lagrange multiplier method
Roy Featherstone's home page
Mechanics
Computational physics
Computer physics engines
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20H.%20Goble
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George H. Goble is a staff member at the Purdue University Engineering Computer Network and a 1996 Ig Nobel Prize winner.
Goble is commonly known as "ghg" since he has used that as a login id, and signature in digital communications, since the 1970s. He received his BS in Electrical Engineering at Purdue University.
In 1981, he wired together the backplanes of two DEC VAX-11/780's and made the first multi-CPU Unix computer, preceding DEC's dual processor VAX-11/782. The operating system was based on the 4.1 BSD kernel, and the modifications thus eventually made it into the 4.3 BSD Unix release. At the beginning of the 4.3 BSD user manuals, Bill Joy wrote a special note of thanks to GHG for being courageous enough to put the multi-CPU kernel into a production environment before anyone else did. (However, the frequent crashes for a while inspired the writing of many humorous text files by the Purdue University Electrical Engineering student body, such as "The VAX had a Blowout", to be sung to the tune of "London Bridge is Falling Down".) The development of the Dual-CPU Unix system was the subject of Goble's Master's thesis.
Around this time, Goble, along with Bill Croft, also developed a networking protocol for Unix, referred to as pnet, which was used at Purdue at the time before being displaced by TCP/IP. Pnet allowed remote logins, and remote execution of commands, among other capabilities.
In the late 1980s, Goble started experimenting with refrigerants, due to increased danger and lower thermodynamic efficiency of the recently introduced R-134a compared to the older R-12 which was being phased out due to concerns about damage to the ozone layer, and the incompatibility of R-134a with the lubricating oil and other materials used in systems built for R-12. In 1987, he converted the beverage refrigerators in the Eta Kappa Nu lounge in the basement of the Purdue Electrical Engineering building to using a refrigerant of his own devising. This refrigerant is now recognized as R-406A by ASHRAE and is available commercially under the trade name AutoFrost. He later developed another refrigerant which is compatible with R134A lubricants, but which is superior in thermodynamic efficiency and lower system internal pressures called GHG-X8.
In 1996, Goble was awarded the Ig Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for preparing a barbecue for cooking in less than 5 seconds by the use of a smoldering cigarette, charcoal and LOX (liquid oxygen). This act attracted the attention of the West Lafayette, Indiana fire department, which warned him to never let them catch him in the possession of LOX near a barbecue fire ever again.
Goble is also noted for driving a vehicle with the Indiana license plate UNIX, and now also GHG-1.
References
External links
George Goble's page at Purdue
George Goble's Homepage (The extended homepage no longer works as of 9/18/2009)
Autofrost, Goble's refrigerant company
The 1995 Dave Barry humor column which gave GHG the attent
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Check%20sheet
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The check sheet is a form (document) used to collect data in real time at the location where the data is generated. The data it captures can be quantitative or qualitative. When the information is quantitative, the check sheet is sometimes called a tally sheet.
The check sheet is one of the so-called Seven Basic Tools of Quality Control.
Format
The defining characteristic of a check sheet is that data are recorded by making marks ("checks") on it. A typical check sheet is divided into regions, and marks made in different regions have different significance. Data are read by observing the location and number of marks on the sheet.
Check sheets typically employ a heading that answers the Five Ws:
Who filled out the check sheet
What was collected (what each check represents, an identifying batch or lot number)
Where the collection took place (facility, room, apparatus)
When the collection took place (hour, shift, day of the week)
Why the data were collected.
Function
Kaoru Ishikawa identified five uses for check sheets in quality control:
To check the shape of the probability distribution of a process
To quantify defects by type
To quantify defects by location
To quantify defects by cause (machine, worker)
To keep track of the completion of steps in a multistep procedure (in other words, as a checklist)
To assess the shape of a process's probability distribution
When assessing the probability distribution of a process one can record all process data and then wait to construct a frequency distribution at a later time. However, a check sheet can be used to construct the frequency distribution as the process is being observed.
This type of check sheet consists of the following:
A grid that captures
The histogram bins in one dimension
The count or frequency of process observations in the corresponding bin in the other dimension
Lines that delineate the upper and lower specification limits
Note that the extremes in process observations must be accurately predicted in advance of constructing the check sheet.
When the process distribution is ready to be assessed, the assessor fills out the check sheet's heading and actively observes the process. Each time the process generates an output, he or she measures (or otherwise assesses) the output, determines the bin in which the measurement falls, and adds to that bin's check marks.
When the observation period has concluded, the assessor should examine it as follows:
Do the check marks form a bell curve? Are values skewed? Is there more than one peak? Are there outliers?
Do the check marks fall completely within the specification limits with room to spare? Or are there a significant number of check marks that fall outside the specification limits?
If there is evidence of non-normality or if the process is producing significant output near or beyond the specification limits, a process improvement effort to remove special-cause variation should be undertaken.
For defect type
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan%20Bromley
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Allan Bromley may refer to:
D. Allan Bromley (1926–2005), Canadian-American physicist
Allan G. Bromley (1947–2002), Australian historian of computing
See also
Allyn Bromley (born 1928), American artist and art educator
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boppin%27
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Boppin' is a puzzle-oriented video game created by Jennifer Diane Reitz in 1991, developed under the company name Accursed Toys and published by Karmasoft for the Amiga computer with only 32 colors on screen. Around that time Karmasoft held a level design contest. The game sold poorly with 284 copies, so Jennifer got it republished by Apogee Software (now known as 3D Realms) with up to 256 colors on screen. Due to mature content containing blood and seppuku, Apogee included a disclaimer in the manual that the game contained potentially offensive imagery, as well as part of a manifesto from Accursed Toys stating that their games were produced for an audience of adult gamers who are mostly 25 and older.
Plot
The game takes place in a multiverse where fictional universes exist mostly from the minds and dreams of people. One such universe called Arcapaedia is inhabited by video game characters, especially the two stick-figured, triangle-headed Yeet and Boik. However, all the arcade games have been diminished due to the lack of bad guys and villains taken away by the puristic Hunnybunz Family. Since heroes and good guys are not able to rescue the missing characters, Yeet and Boik having a neutral alignment set off to thwart Hunnybunz, his wife, and his lovechild's intentions.
Gameplay
Levels are made up of blocks, elevators, refractors, prizes, and two starting points. The game involves throwing blocks picked up from the starting point (one for each player in two-player games, only one is used in one-player) at blocks of the same type which are already in the levels. The blocks are thrown at 45 degree angles and can be bounced off refractors placed in strategic parts of the levels. The blocks already in the level can be pushed around and bonus items can be collected for additional points, extra lives and extra credits. Each credit starts the player with five lives. The player can have a maximum amount of ten lives. If the player runs out of lives and credits, the game is over.
If a thrown block hits a wall/floor, flies off the level or hits a block of another type, then the block is destroyed and the player loses a life. If a thrown block goes through a randomly chosen space on the level called the mystery spot, the screen will turn a gold shade and the player's score points earned are multiplied by 10% for the duration. If a thrown block, when it collides with the blocks of the same type, makes a special shape - a 3x2 square, a 3x3 cross shape, a 3x3 hollow square and a 3x3 square - then a monster is freed from the blocks. At the end of a level, bonus points are awarded for freed monsters. The two-player mode is more or less the same as the single-player mode but is basically a competition for the highest score.
In every multiple 40th level, the gameplay changes slightly as a boss level, where the player has to launch weapon-like throwing blocks at the Hunnybunz opponent. The damage done by each throwing block is determined by the high score the
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan%20G.%20Bromley
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Allan George Bromley (1 February 1947 – 16 August 2002) was an Australian historian of computing who became a world authority on many aspects of early computing and was one of the most avid collectors of mechanical calculators.
The work on understanding Charles Babbage's calculating engines is Allan Bromley's greatest legacy. The October–December 2000 issue of the IEEE Annals of the History of Computing was dedicated to him for the quality of his research on this subject.
His studies of the Antikythera mechanism, in collaboration with Michael T. Wright, led to the first working model of this ancient analogue computer.
Bromley was an associate professor at the University of Sydney. His main academic interest was the history of computers. He died of Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Biography
Bromley was born on 1 February 1947 and named after his uncle Allan, who was killed in New Guinea during World War II, and his father George, who died on 8 August 1962. Bromley grew up on a property at Freeman's Reach, on the Hawkesbury River, in New South Wales, Australia, in an historic home, "Sunny Corner". He completed his secondary education at Richmond High School and in 1964, at the age of 17, his academic ability earned him a scholarship to study science at the University of Sydney. He had been awarded the Nuclear Research Foundation Medal, University of Sydney, Summer Science School, 1963.
Bromley graduated in 1967, with first-class honours in physics, and stayed on for a research degree in astrophysics He was awarded his PhD in 1971. His doctoral work on maser emission from interstellar gas clouds required extensive computation with high-order polynomials, and awakened his interest in computing.
Bromley had an amateur interest in the history of mechanical inventions, and was aware of the ancestral figure of Charles Babbage. No one had ever made a very detailed study of Babbage's papers and, in a surprising career move, Bromley decided to turn historian, and took a year's sabbatical leave in 1979 to work on the Babbage Papers at the Science Museum in London. What he found was overwhelming: notebooks containing over 6,000 pages of Babbage's impenetrable scribblings, 300 machine drawings, and several hundred notations. They were to occupy Bromley for the next several years. His first marriage, to Jann Makepeace, was during this time. Bromley convinced the Science Museum in London that Babbage's Difference Engine No. 2, which had been designed between 1847 and 1849, could be built and, from 1989 to 1991, it was.
After Babbage's engines, Bromley moved on to other historical computing artefacts. He made a ground-breaking study of the Antikythera Mechanism, originally made famous by the Yale historian Derek de Solla Price in the late 1950s. Price had speculated that the mechanism, dating from 50 BC, was an astronomical calculating device. Bromley's background in astrophysics paid dividends, and after several trips to Athens where he obtained radiographs of the inn
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recovery%20disc
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The terms Recovery disc (or Disk), Rescue Disk/Disc and Emergency Disk all refer to a capability to boot from an external device, possibly a thumb drive, that includes a self-running operating system: the ability to be a boot disk/Disc that runs independent of an internal hard drive that may be failing, or for some other reason is not the operating system to be run.
The focus of recovery or rescue is not to lose the data files on the hard drive; the focus of restore is to restore the operating system's functionality (and subsequently restore the contents of one's latest backups).
The rescue/recovery tool uses media containing a backup of the original factory condition or a favored condition of a computer as configured by an original equipment manufacturer or an end-user. OEM supplied media are often restore tools shipped with computers to allow the user to reformat the hard drive and reinstall the operating system and pre-installed software as it was when it was shipped. Many modern systems have eliminated use of a physical recovery disc and instead store this software in a separate partition on the hard disk itself.
Overview
As an alternative to using media supplied with a system, it is possible to make one's own rescue/recovery disk. The Macintosh computer tool's name is Disk First Aid; on Windows systems there is a Create Disk function.
Factory reset "recovery"
When a factory reset is done, user data is lost. The term
"OEM recovery" refers to that type of "recovery." What is "recovered"
is the original system.
Hewlett-Packard,
using the term System Recovery, describes it as destructive recovery.
They even advise removing "extra hard drives"
to prevent loss of this too.
Although non-destructive alternatives do exist, the standard OEM Systems Recovery of Microsoft Windows-based operating systems involves booting from a separate hard drive partition, CD-ROM, or DVD, reformating the hard drive and then copying operating system and software files. After the recovery process is completed, configuration such as the Windows Out-Of-Box Experience wizard is first run (along with any other additional setup the computer may perform), as it was on the initial startup of the computer. Most recovery systems use specialized software, though Toshiba and Dell licensed Norton Ghost technology for their recovery systems at one point. As of Windows Vista, Dell uses a Windows Imaging Format based image on a partition along with a tool launched from the Windows Recovery Environment's command prompt.
Details
Recovery partitions
Most modern PCs store their recovery (non-destructive) or restore (destructive) tool on a hard drive partition rather than on bundled CD-ROMs or DVDs. They're typically accessed by using a specific key combination during system startup. There's less cost to the OEM, but exposes the user to hard drive failure.
An application used to create recovery discs or flash drive is sometimes offered to allow a backup of the recovery data. Reco
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBS%20Kidshow
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The CBS Kidshow was an American Saturday morning children's programming block that aired on CBS from October 3, 1998, to September 9, 2000. Canada-based Nelvana took over programming responsibilities.
History
In January 1998, CBS entered into an agreement with the Canada-based animation studio Nelvana to program the Saturday morning time slot allocated to children and replace the network-programmed block Think CBS Kids. CBS Kidshow was planned to relaunch as the on September 19 of that year, but CBS delayed the block's relaunch to October 3.
The new block featured several first-run series co-produced by Nelvana, CBS and Scottish Television such as Anatole, Mythic Warriors, Rescue Heroes and Flying Rhino Junior High. The premiere of Mythic Warriors was further delayed due to its complicated animation techniques; reruns of Tales from the Cryptkeeper (with a revival aired in a year later) aired in Mythic Warriors''' timeslot until it premiered on November 7.
In June 2000, a few months after Viacom (which CBS founded in 1952 as television syndication distributor CBS Films, Inc., and later spun off in 1971 after the then-recently implemented Financial Interest and Syndication Rules barred networks from holding financial interest in syndicated programming content) completed its $37 billion merger with CBS Corporation (which was the original Westinghouse Electric Corporation that purchased CBS in 1995), CBS reached an agreement with new corporate cousin Nickelodeon to air programming from the cable channel's preschool-oriented block Nick Jr. beginning that September. Prior to the deal, former Nick Jr. series Rupert moved to the CBS Kidshow block in January 1999, as part of an agreement in which both it and another animated series, Franklin, swapped networks (with Franklin moving from CBS to the Nick Jr. block on Nickelodeon).
The CBS Kidshow block ended its run on September 9, 2000, and was replaced the following week on September 16 by Nick Jr. on CBS, which featured two Nelvana series - the aforementioned Franklin and Little Bear; several other Nelvana series from Nickelodeon and Nick Jr. continued to air on CBS until September 9, 2006, after which, the Nickelodeon block was replaced with KOL Secret Slumber Party as a result of Viacom and CBS demerging earlier that year.
Programming
Scheduling variances and pre-emptions
Although the block was intended to air on Saturday mornings, some CBS affiliates deferred some programs over the course of the CBS Kidshow block's run to Sunday or early Saturday morning time slots or tape delayed the entire block in order to accommodate local weekend morning newscasts. Other stations pre-empted some programs outright for these same reasons, as well as due to professional and college sports broadcasts scheduled by CBS (especially in the case of college football and basketball tournaments) or its stations (primarily through sports syndication services), although most affiliates aired the block in its entirety.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dungeons%20of%20Daggorath
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Dungeons of Daggorath is one of the first real-time, first-person perspective role-playing video games. It was produced by DynaMicro for the TRS-80 Color Computer in 1983. A sequel, Castle of Tharoggad, was released in 1988.
Gameplay
Dungeons of Daggorath was one of the first games that attempted to portray three-dimensional space in a real-time environment, using angled lines to give the illusion of depth. It followed the 1974 games Maze War and Spasim, written for research computers, and the first 3D maze game for home computers, 3D Monster Maze, released in 1981. The game Phantom Slayer, which was released in 1982 for the Color Computer, also featured monsters lurking in a maze. While Daggorath was visually similar to these games, it added several elements of strategy, such as different kinds of monsters, complex mazes, different levels of visibility, and the use of different objects and weapons.
The player moves around a dungeon, issuing commands by means of typing – for example, typing "GET LEFT SHIELD" or "USE RIGHT" (or abbreviations such as "G L SH" and "U R"), gathering strength and ever more powerful weapons as the game progresses. Various creatures appear, and can often be heard when they are nearby, even when not visible. The object of the game is to defeat the second of two wizards, who is on the fifth and last level of the dungeon.
A unique feature of the game is a heartbeat which rises as the player moves, takes actions or takes damage within the virtual environment. The heartbeat is a direct predecessor of the "health" indicator in later games; the higher the heart rate, the more vulnerable the player is to attack. The player can faint from overexertion, in which case there is the risk of being attacked while defenseless. This heartbeat system was used instead of numerical statistics such as hit points or vitality, and was inspired by arcade games, specifically 1978's Space Invaders where a heartbeat-like sound gradually increases pace as enemies advance towards the player.
Development
The game was developed by Douglas J. Morgan and Keith S. Kiyohara, with sounds by Phil Landmeier, in 1980–81 for the Tandy (RadioShack) TRS-80 Color Computer. Produced by DynaMicro, it was released in 1983 as an eight kilobyte ROMpak cartridge for the Color Computer, which took several months of recoding to achieve. Despite this, the game features a multi-level maze and has what for the time were advanced sound effects that provide important clues to the locations of monsters.
Legacy
After Dungeons of Daggorath became one of the most popular Color Computer games, Tandy produced a sequel, Castle of Tharoggad, in 1988 which was made without the participation of the Daggorath team. It was poorly received.
Around 2001, Douglas J. Morgan noticed that the exclusive copyright had reverted to him from the publisher RadioShack. He released the game under a freeware-like license to the public, also offering the source code for a small fee. It has been p
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead%20%28geology%29
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A lead in hydrocarbon exploration, is a subsurface structural or stratigraphic feature with the potential to have entrapped oil or natural gas. When exploring a new area, or when new data becomes available in existing acreage, an explorer will carry out an initial screening to identify possible leads. Further work is then concentrated on the leads with the intention to mature at least some of them into drillable prospects.
References
Structural geology
Petroleum geology
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haggard%20%28TV%20series%29
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Haggard is a British TV comedy series, which aired from 27 January 1990 to 30 August 1992. Starring Keith Barron, Reece Dinsdale, Sam Kelly and William Simons.
It was made for the ITV network by Yorkshire Television, and based on Squire Haggard's Journal by Michael Green, more famous for his The Art of Coarse... books.
The series is set during 1777–1778, in the Georgian era, and was about the exploits of Squire Haggard, the Squire's 25-year-old son Roderick, and their servant Grunge.
The show makes use of the production style known as breaking the fourth wall as Fanny Foulacre, Roderick's girlfriend, makes asides to the camera, commenting upon the situations she finds herself in.
Cast members
Keith Barron — as "Squire Amos Haggard"
Reece Dinsdale — as his son, "Roderick Haggard"
Sam Kelly — as their servant, "Nathanial Grunge"
Sara Crowe — as "Fanny Foulacre" (Series 1)
Michael Jayston — as "Sir Joshua Foulacre" (Series 1)
William Simons — as "the Landlord"
Plot
The poverty-stricken Squire Amos Haggard, who is a former friend of the Prince of Wales, is desperate for money and is always plotting for ways in which he can recoup the family fortune.
The Squire's son, Roderick, is idealistic and falls in love very easily. Roderick is more interested in beautiful young ladies than he is in money, and his foolishness often brings his father's schemes undone.
Nathanial Grunge, their servant, is richer than his two masters, and would like to be free of them to pursue his own dreams (something he finds impossible to do because the Squire often uses Grunge's money in his get-rich-quick schemes).
References
External links
Comedy Guide – Haggard at BBC Online
Haggard – British TV comedy
Haggard – TV.com
Cultural depictions of George IV
1990 British television series debuts
1992 British television series endings
1990s British sitcoms
English-language television shows
ITV sitcoms
Television series by ITV Studios
Television series by Yorkshire Television
Television series set in the 1770s
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Movie%20Masters
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The Movie Masters is an American television panel game show that ran from August 2, 1989, to January 19, 1990. It was the last game show hosted by Gene Rayburn and aired as filler programming on the American Movie Classics (AMC) cable network.
The regular panel of the show consisted of veteran New York Times movie and theatre critic Clive Barnes and longtime To Tell the Truth panelists Kitty Carlisle and Peggy Cass.
Game play
At the start of each episode, the announcer would introduce Cass, who in turn introduced Barnes, on through to Carlisle and Rayburn, the last of whom was escorted out by the hostess. (This conceit had previously been used on What's My Line?)
The goal of the game was to identify a famous movie scene hidden behind a 3-by-3 puzzle board. Each puzzle piece included a movie-related question, identified by a category; the question often involved "fill-in-the-blank" movie quotes similar to Rayburn's previous game show Match Game. Correctly answering a question revealed that piece of the puzzle; two incorrect answers in a category eliminated that piece from being chosen again and kept it permanently hidden (as the show only prepared two questions for each category). Winning the game (by correctly guessing the movie scene) earned a prize package for a home viewer, the size of which depended on how many questions the winning panelist had answered correctly.
Each panelist was addressed in sequence in lieu of a buzzer system; the panelist would be given the opportunity to answer each question before either of the other panelists were called upon.
References
Sources
Brian Donlon, Vintage movies woo a bored audience, August 1, 1989, USA Today
THERE'S SOMETHING FUNNY ABOUT CABLE'S PLANS FOR FALL, July 18, 1989, Buffalo News
External links
The Movie Masters on IMDb
1980s American game shows
1990s American game shows
1989 American television series debuts
1990 American television series endings
Panel games
AMC (TV channel) original programming
American motion picture television series
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spec
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Spec may refer to:
Specification (technical standard), an explicit set of requirements to be satisfied by a material, product, or service
datasheet, or "spec sheet"
People
Spec Harkness (1887-1952), American professional baseball pitcher
Spec Keene (1894-1977), American college football, baseball and basketball coach
Spec O'Donnell (1911-1986), American film actor
Spec Richardson (1922-2016), former general manager of the Houston Astros Major League Baseball team
Spec Sanders (1919-2003), American National Football League and All-America Football Conference player
Spec Shea (1920–2002), American Major League Baseball pitcher
Science and technology
spec, an antibiotic resistance gene against spectinomycin
Spectrum of a ring, a mathematical structure often written as Spec(R)
Specifier (linguistics), in syntax
Short for speculative evolution
SPEC
Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation, an organization that produces benchmarks
Hampton Inn Court at the Steinke Physical Education Center (SPEC), a Texas A&M University basketball and volleyball arena
Solid phase extraction chromatography
Other uses
Speculation, the purchase of an asset with the hope that it will become more valuable in the near future
Spec, Virginia, United States, an unincorporated community
Columbia Daily Spectator, a student newspaper nicknamed the Spec
See also
Specs (disambiguation)
Spec racing
Spec script
Spec's Music, a defunct South Florida-based retail music and video rental chain
Spec's Wine, Spirits & Finer Foods, a Texas-based liquor store chain
Nicknames
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TreeFam
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TreeFam (Tree families database) is a database of phylogenetic trees of animal genes. It aims at developing a curated resource that gives reliable information about ortholog and paralog assignments, and evolutionary history of various gene families.
TreeFam defines a gene family as a group of genes that evolved after the speciation of single-metazoan animals. It also tries to include outgroup genes like yeast (S.cerevisiae and S. pombe) and plant (A. thaliana) to reveal these distant members.
TreeFam is also an ortholog database. Unlike other pairwise alignment based ones, TreeFam infers orthologs by means of gene trees. It fits a gene tree into the universal species tree and finds historical duplications, speciations and losses events. TreeFam uses this information to evaluate tree building, guide manual curation, and infer complex ortholog and paralog relations.
The basic elements of TreeFam are gene families that can be divided into two parts: TreeFam-A and TreeFam-B families. TreeFam-B families are automatically created. They might contain errors given complex phylogenies. TreeFam-A families are manually curated from TreeFam-B ones. Family names and node names are assigned at the same time. The ultimate goal of TreeFam is to present a curated resource for all the families.
TreeFam is being run as a project at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, and its software is housed on SourceForge as "TreeSoft".
See also
Homology (biology)
HomoloGene
Phylogenetics
OrthoDB
Orthologous MAtrix (OMA)
Inparanoid
References
External links
TreeFam website
TreeSoft
Computational phylogenetics
Genetics databases
Genetics in the United Kingdom
Phylogenetics
Science and technology in Cambridgeshire
South Cambridgeshire District
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid%20kernel
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A hybrid kernel is an operating system kernel architecture that attempts to combine aspects and benefits of microkernel and monolithic kernel architectures used in operating systems.
Overview
The traditional kernel categories are monolithic kernels and microkernels (with nanokernels and exokernels seen as more extreme versions of microkernels). The "hybrid" category is controversial, due to the similarity of hybrid kernels and ordinary monolithic kernels; the term has been dismissed by Linus Torvalds as simple marketing.
The idea behind a hybrid kernel is to have a kernel structure similar to that of a microkernel, but to implement that structure in the manner of a monolithic kernel. In contrast to a microkernel, all (or nearly all) operating system services in a hybrid kernel are still in kernel space. There are none of the reliability benefits of having services in user space, as with a microkernel. However, just as with an ordinary monolithic kernel, there is none of the performance overhead for message passing and context switching between kernel and user mode that normally comes with a microkernel.
Examples
NT kernel
One prominent example of a hybrid kernel is the Microsoft Windows NT kernel that powers all operating systems in the Windows NT family, up to and including Windows 11 and Windows Server 2022, and powers Windows Phone 8, Windows Phone 8.1, and Xbox One.
Windows NT was the first Windows operating system based on a hybrid kernel. The hybrid kernel was designed as a modified microkernel, influenced by the Mach microkernel developed by Richard Rashid at Carnegie Mellon University, but without meeting all of the criteria of a pure microkernel. NT-based Windows is classified as a hybrid kernel (or a macrokernel) rather than a monolithic kernel because the emulation subsystems run in user-mode server processes, rather than in kernel mode as on a monolithic kernel, and further because of the large number of design goals which resemble design goals of Mach (in particular the separation of OS personalities from a general kernel design). Conversely, the reason NT is not a microkernel system is because most of the system components run in the same address space as the kernel, as would be the case with a monolithic design (in a traditional monolithic design, there would not be a microkernel per se, but the kernel would implement broadly similar functionality to NT's microkernel and kernel-mode subsystems).
The primary operating system personality on Windows is the Windows API, which is always present. The emulation subsystem which implements the Windows personality is called the Client/Server Runtime Subsystem (csrss.exe). On versions of NT prior to 4.0, this subsystem process also contained the window manager, graphics device interface and graphics device drivers. For performance reasons, however, in version 4.0 and later, these modules (which are often implemented in user mode even on monolithic systems, especially those designed wi
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area%20codes%20in%20the%20Caribbean
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The integration of the Caribbean telephone networks into the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) began with the assignment of area codes in the Caribbean in 1958, when area code 809 was designated for Bermuda and any other potential participant island countries.
From 1958 to 1999, most of the British West Indies in the Caribbean Basin, Bermuda, the U.S. Virgin Islands, the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico shared area code 809. By the mid-1990s, with the proliferation of fax machines, mobile phones, computers, and pagers in the region, the pool of available central office codes was exhausting. Beginning with Bermuda in November 1994, and The Bahamas, Puerto Rico, and Barbados in 1995, several countries in the Caribbean received individual area code assignments from the NANPA, effectively splitting area code 809. By 1999, it was retained only by the Dominican Republic, following the departure of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines from using the area code.
Assignments
Sint Maarten was part of the Netherlands Antilles until its dissolution in 2010. It is a constituent country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Sint Maarten used the country code +599 of the Netherlands Antilles until joining the NANP on September 30, 2011, with area code 721.
Former assignments within 809
The following was the 1958-1995 numbering plan for 809. Starting in the 1980s, Puerto Rico, Bermuda and the Dominican Republic began to use prefixes from unused ranges throughout the 2xx to 9xx range. Historic (1960s-mid-1980s) ranges are shown in parentheses.
The number pool of the area code was divided between the regions by the national number, which was from two to four digits long, leaving five to three digits, respectively, of the total of 10 digits of a complete telephone number for local telephone number assignments. The national number appeared in local telephone directories.
Caribbean nations with a larger numbering resource requirement used seven-digit dialing, and had no need for a national number.
Non-NANP jurisdictions (i.e., the rest of the world) identified a Caribbean calling destination by analyzing the first six digits dialed (1809xx), therefore, faced the difficulty where a seventh digit was required to identify the specific nation. Rates based on destination would have to be the same for all destinations sharing the same six digits, e.g., St. Lucia and St. Vincent would have to be the same rate; Anguilla, British Virgin Islands and Montserrat would need to be the same rate; Antigua, Barbuda, Nevis and St. Kitts also would have to be the same rate. Since Cable and Wireless was the provider in most or all cases, the same corporate entity benefited from the revenue for incoming calls. The assignment of new area codes after 1994 resolved this since only the first four digits would be required to distinguish each country.
In chart above, digits in italics were just the initial digit(s) of seven-digit number dialing.
Sint Maarten was part of +599 unti
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell%20Nelson%20%28disambiguation%29
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Russell M. Nelson (born 1924), is an American physician and leader in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Russell Nelson may also refer to:
Russ Nelson (born 1958), American computer programmer
J. Russell Nelson (1929–2016), American educator
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron%20User
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Electron User was a magazine targeted at owners of the Acorn Electron microcomputer. It was published by Database Publications of Stockport, starting in October 1983 and ending after 82 issues in July 1990.
Initially it was included as a 16-page pullout supplement to The Micro User but after four such editions it became a standalone title and within a year had grown to an average length of around 64 pages. The focus was news stories, type-in programs and software reviews. It also contained cheat codes and a long-running column on adventure games initially by "Merlin" in a column entitled "Merlin's Cave" and subsequently by "Pendragon".
Its advertisers included the top BBC/Electron games distributors of the day, such as Acornsoft and Superior Software.
Often the April-dated edition of the magazine included an April Fools' Day joke, generally consisting of a short machine code type-in listing which claimed to do something extremely useful and of wide interest but which in fact printed April Fool on the screen. Examples included:
a program to predict what text the user would type next
a program to compile BASIC programs directly into machine code leveraging the machine's BASIC interpreter
a program to display colours on a monochrome screen by rapidly modulating the pixels (citing a recent Tomorrow's World)
See also
Acorn User
The Micro User / Acorn Computing
Archive
BEEBUG / Disc User
References
External links
Acornmags Electron User section
Archived Electron User Magazines on the Internet Archive
Home computer magazines
Defunct computer magazines published in the United Kingdom
Magazines established in 1983
Magazines disestablished in 1990
Monthly magazines published in the United Kingdom
Magazines published in Manchester
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform%20memory%20access
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Uniform memory access (UMA) is a shared memory architecture used in parallel computers. All the processors in the UMA model share the physical memory uniformly. In an UMA architecture, access time to a memory location is independent of which processor makes the request or which memory chip contains the transferred data. Uniform memory access computer architectures are often contrasted with non-uniform memory access (NUMA) architectures. In the NUMA architecture, each processor may use a private cache. Peripherals are also shared in some fashion. The UMA model is suitable for general purpose and time sharing applications by multiple users. It can be used to speed up the execution of a single large program in time-critical applications.
Types of architectures
There are three types of UMA architectures:
UMA using bus-based symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) architectures;
UMA using crossbar switches;
UMA using multistage interconnection networks.
hUMA
In April 2013, the term hUMA (heterogeneous uniform memory access) began to appear in AMD promotional material to refer to CPU and GPU sharing the same system memory via cache coherent views. Advantages include an easier programming model and less copying of data between separate memory pools.
See also
Non-uniform memory access
Cache-only memory architecture
Heterogeneous System Architecture
References
Computer memory
Parallel computing
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unified%20Memory%20Access
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Unified Memory Access is not a valid term, but is often used mistakenly when referring to:
Uniform Memory Access, a computer memory architecture used in parallel computers
Unified Memory Architecture, a technology that allows a graphics processing unit to share system memory
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merge%20%28SQL%29
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A relational database management system uses SQL (also called upsert) statements to INSERT new records or UPDATE existing records depending on whether condition matches. It was officially introduced in the SQL:2003 standard, and expanded in the SQL:2008 standard.
Usage
MERGE INTO tablename USING table_reference ON (condition)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET column1 = value1 [, column2 = value2 ...]
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT (column1 [, column2 ...]) VALUES (value1 [, value2 ...]);
A right join is employed over the Target (the INTO table) and the Source (the USING table / view / sub-query)--where Target is the left table and Source is the right one. The four possible combinations yield these rules:
If the ON field(s) in the Source matches the ON field(s) in the Target, then UPDATE
If the ON field(s) in the Source does not match the ON field(s) in the Target, then INSERT
If the ON field(s) does not exist in the Source but does exist in the Target, then no action is performed.
If the ON field(s) does not exist in either the Source or Target, then no action is performed.
If multiple Source rows match a given Target row, an error is mandated by SQL:2003 standards. You cannot update a Target row multiple times with a MERGE statement
Implementations
Database management systems PostgreSQL, Oracle Database, IBM Db2, Teradata, EXASOL, Firebird, CUBRID, H2, HSQLDB, MS SQL, Vectorwise and Apache Derby support the standard syntax. Some also add non-standard SQL extensions.
Synonymous
Some database implementations adopted the term "Upsert" (a portmanteau of update and insert) to a database statement, or combination of statements, that inserts a record to a table in a database if the record does not exist or, if the record already exists, updates the existing record. This synonym is used in PostgreSQL (v9.5+) and SQLite (v3.24+). It is also used to abbreviate the "MERGE" equivalent pseudo-code.
It is used in Microsoft Azure SQL Database.
Other non-standard implementations
Some other database management systems support this, or very similar behavior, through their own, non-standard SQL extensions.
MySQL, for example, supports the use of syntax which can be used to achieve a similar effect with the limitation that the join between target and source has to be made only on PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE constraints, which is not required in the ANSI/ISO standard. It also supports syntax, which first attempts an insert, and if that fails, deletes the row, if exists, and then inserts the new one. There is also an clause for the statement, which tells the server to ignore "duplicate key" errors and go on (existing rows will not be inserted or updated, but all new rows will be inserted).
SQLite's works similarly. It also supports as an alias for compatibility with MySQL.
Firebird supports though fails to throw an error when there are multiple Source data rows. Additionally there is a single-row version, , but the latter does not give you the
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condition%20%28SQL%29
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A relational database management system uses SQL conditions or expressions in clauses and in clauses to subsets of data.
Types of condition
Many conditions compare values for (for example) equality, inequality or similarity.
The EXISTS condition uses the SQL standard keyword EXISTS to determine whether rows exist in a subquery result.
Examples
To one row of data from a table called tab with a primary key column (pk) set to 100 — use the condition pk = 100:
SELECT * FROM tab WHERE pk = 100
To identify whether a table tab has rows of data with a duplicated column dk — use the condition having count(*) > 1:
SELECT dk FROM tab GROUP BY dk HAVING count(*) > 1
References
SQL
Articles with example SQL code
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hum%20Log%20%28TV%20series%29
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Hum Log (English: We People) is an Indian television soap opera and also the first serial drama series in Hindi. It began telecast on Doordarshan, India's national network on 7 July 1984, then the only television channel of India. It is the story of an Indian middle-class family of the 1980s and their daily struggles and aspirations.
It was created on the lines of a Mexican television series, Ven Conmigo (1975), using the education-entertainment methodology. The idea of the TV series came to then Information and Broadcasting Minister, Vasant Sathe, after a Mexican trip in 1982. Soon the idea for Hum Log was developed in collaboration with writer Manohar Shyam Joshi, who scripted the series, and filmmaker, P. Kumar Vasudev, who went on direct the series. The title score was composed by music director Anil Biswas.
At the end of every episode, veteran Hindi film actor Ashok Kumar discussed the ongoing story and situations with the audience using Hindi couplets and limericks. In later episodes, introduced the actors who played various characters in the serial and end his monologue with the various Indian language versions of the words "Hum Log".
Cast and characters
Ashok Kumar as Narrator
Vinod Nagpal as Basesar Ram: alcoholic father
Jayshree Arora as Bhagwanti: the mother, a housewife
Rajesh Puri as Lalit Prasad a.k.a. Lalloo: the eldest son, unemployed and looking for a job
Abhinav Chaturvedi as Chander Prakash a.k.a. Nanhe: the younger son, aspiring to be a cricketer
Seema Pahwa as Gunvanti a.k.a. Badki, a social worker
Divya Seth as Rupvanti a. k. a. Majhli, aspiring to be an actress
Loveleen Mishra as Preeti a.k.a. Chhutki, aspiring to be a doctor
Lahiri Singh as Dadaji: retired military man and the grandfather
Sushma Seth as Imarti Devi a.k.a. Dadi: the grandmother
Renuka Israni as Usha Rani, Lalloo's wife
Kamia Malhotra as Kamia Lal
Aasif Sheikh as Prince Ajay Singh
Manoj Pahwa as Tony: Guy who elopes with Majhli
Suchitra (Srivastava) Chitale as Lajwanti ak.a. Lajo
Kavita Nagpal as Santo Tai
Ashwini Kumar as Dr. Ashwini Kumar
Rajendra Ghuge as Inspector Sadanand Samdar
Aparna Katara as Dr. Aparna
S. M. Zaheer as Prof. Sudhir
Vishwa Mohan Badola as Music teacher
Development and production
In 1984, Mexican television writer Miguel Sabido, who had written the popular Mexican telenovela on educational entertainment, Ven conmigo (Come with Me, 1975) on adult literacy, was invited to India. Working with local writer, he helped created the series which tackled social issues like family planning, caste harmony, empowerment of women, national integration, dowry, alcoholism and drug abuse. Ven conimgo was in turned based on the a Peruvian telenovela, Simplemente María (Simply Maria, 1969-1971).
The cast would meet for rehearsals at 3 pm at Himachal Bhavan, near Mandi House in Delhi, and thereafter a van would take them to a studio in suburb Gurgaon where it was shot.
Reception
During its 17-month run, Ashok Kumar received
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KJEO-LD
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KJEO-LD (channel 39) is a low-power television station in Fresno, California, United States, affiliated with the Spanish-language religious network Canal de la Fe. It is owned by Cocola Broadcasting. Until late 2007, KJEO-LD was also seen on KBID-LP channel 31.
History
The station was first established in 1998 as KMCF-LP.
In 2000, Cocola Broadcasting acquired the call letters KJEO-LP for channel 32, after Fresno's CBS affiliate discarded those calls in favor of KGPE. This call sign was changed to KJEO-LD in September 2009.
On March 30, 2023, Bridge Media Networks, the parent company of NewsNet and Sports News Highlights (SNH) (backed by 5-hour Energy creator Manoj Bhargava), announced it would acquire KJEO-LD and six other Cocola stations for $3.2 million. Upon completion of the transaction, KJEO-LD will become a NewsNet owned-and-operated station for the Fresno–Visalia media market.
Technical information
Subchannels
The station's digital signal is multiplexed:
KJEO-LD broadcasts from the Corlew Meadows ("Meadow Lakes") towers location near Auberry, CA (37.073838 -119.432075).
Older, Fresno-area-based terrestrial tuners may/may not receive the Channel 39 broadcast(s). Sensitive terrestrial tuners may reduce tropospheric propagation effects through lowering floor noise, and inadvertently mask one lower-power channel set (i.e. KJEO-LD) and enhance another (i.e. KSDI-LD).
References
External links
www.cocolatv.com
JEO-LD
Television channels and stations established in 1998
JEO
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alabama%20Public%20Radio
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Alabama Public Radio (APR) is a network of public radio stations based in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States, that serves roughly the western half of the state of Alabama with classical music, folk music, and nostalgic music programs, as well as news and feature programs from the National Public Radio (NPR), Public Radio International (PRI), and American Public Media (APM) networks. The network is operated by the University of Alabama, with studios in Tuscaloosa.
Since the station is licensed to a university with a broadcasting curriculum, students in the UA College of Communication and Information Sciences get opportunities for practical training in announcing and other varied production duties. Nonetheless, APR maintains a small professional staff, as well as several volunteer announcers from the larger community. The Alabama Public Radio newsroom has recently won over 50 awards for journalism excellence, one-third of which are at the national and international levels. This includes RTDNA's national Edward R. Murrow award for Overall Excellence. The APR news team also works extensively with journalism students at the University of Alabama. Newsroom student interns typically put in 750 hours of work, which results in 142 minutes of Alabama-centric news, heard by many Alabama residents. This provides students with valuable real-life experience and material for their resumes to seek employment, mainly in commercial media.
History
The University of Alabama established WUAL-FM in January 1982 as the state's fifth public radio station. It emphasized service to the immediate western Alabama area in its first several years, since most of the region had no other access to NPR programming. However, UA soon realized the potential for expansion into other parts of the state without NPR service. Since Birmingham, Huntsville, southeastern Alabama, and Mobile already had existing stations, WUAL and UA officials focused on developing relay transmitters to send WUAL's signal into northwestern and south-central Alabama. Thus, WQPR, originally a joint project with the University of North Alabama in Florence, appeared in the late 1980s. It was followed in the early 1990s by WAPR, which is a joint venture of Alabama State University, Troy University (both of which already owned NPR stations of their own in the Montgomery area) and UA.
In September 2007, WQPR received a grant from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting to assist in its conversion from analog to digital broadcasting.
In 2011, due to the desire of licensee Spring Hill College to exit public broadcasting, Spring Hill's NPR member station, WHIL-FM in Mobile, joined APR, effective July 1. That station had been affected, like many throughout the country, by declining listener contributions, which influenced the College to sell the 32-year-old outlet.
APR's studios have been housed in various locations on campus. They were first located on Bryce Lawn Drive and moved to Phifer Hall around 1990. In F
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallop
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Wallop is an American software company that was spun off from Microsoft in 2003 to provide a social networking service, and from 2008 made Adobe Flash-based applications for other social networks. Wallop was a research project from the Social Computing Group that was a part of the Microsoft Research team. In the beginning, membership to Wallop was limited so that the testing groups were more controlled for trial purposes.
History
Wallop was originally designed around 2003 as an Internet social networking service from Microsoft Research. As a startup, the company behind Wallop was backed by $13 million from Microsoft and venture capitalists including Norwest Venture Partners, Bay Partners and Consor Capital. The company was later spun off of Microsoft.
While the Wallop team was working on launching their website, however, the expansion of other social networks and their opening up of APIs led to Wallop's changing directions. Instead of trying to compete with these already established social networking providers, the company scrapped their Beta application and, as stated in their website, "Wallop retooled their product and focused on developing cutting-edge applications for leading social networking platforms like Facebook, and Bebo". As of 2008, the company left its social networking service model and went into creating applications for other social networking sites instead.
Products
Around 2009, Wallop had two products they called Cool Cards and Party On!. These applications were hosted by Wallop, and built using Facebook and Bebo APIs, thus supporting those two social networking platforms by default, but could also be posted to other sites by embedding Adobe Flash applications into HTML.
Cool Cards is a simple Adobe Flash-based application to display card-like graphics that users can customize before posting in someone's social networking site profile. Party On! is also an Adobe Flash-based application which can also be posted in the user's profile, and allows users to create a customized invitation that will keep track of guest lists, making a place for people to plan parties inside such a profile.
Social network
As a social networking provider in its beta release, Wallop, with its application accessible through the domain name wallop.com, provided users with the basic features a social networking site provides, such as creation of personalized profiles where users can put the personal information, establishing links with other users as "friends", and being able to react to other users' profiles by being able to leave comments. Additional features such as ability to upload and show image files, creation of blogs, and a fully functional music player where users can upload audio files within their accounts and put restrictions as to who can play these files, were also built into the application.
Aside from being supposedly a social networking application, Wallop was originally designed also as an online market place for mods that are to b
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPW
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MPW may refer to:
Macintosh Programmer's Workshop, a software development environment for the Classic Mac OS operating system
Magnetic pulse welding, a solid state welding process
Mander Portman Woodward, a group of British independent schools
Marco Pierre White, British 3-star Michelin chef and TV personality
Master of Professional Writing Program, a graduate degree program in professional writing
Michael P. W. Stone (1925–1955), U.S. business executive and federal government administrator
Michinoku Pro Wrestling, a Lucha libre professional wrestling promotion
Multi-project wafer service, integrated circuit production that includes designs from various teams
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven%20%28David%20Bowie%20song%29
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"Seven" is a song written by David Bowie and Reeves Gabrels for the album Hours in 1999. As with some of the other songs from Hours it was originally written for the computer game Omikron - The Nomad Soul from 1999. In July 2000, it was released as the fourth single from the album. The version used in the Omikron – The Nomad Soul was called "Demo version" on the single releases.
Track listing
UK version 1
"Seven (Marius De Vries mix)" – 4:12
"Seven (Beck mix)" – 3:44
"Seven (Original demo)" – 4:05
UK version 2
"Seven (Album version)" – 4:27
"I'm Afraid of Americans (Nine Inch Nails version)" – 5:30
This version also included the music video of "I'm Afraid of Americans".
UK version 3
"Seven (live)"
"Something in the Air (live)"
"The Pretty Things Are Going to Hell (live)"
All tracks was recorded at Kit Kat Klub, New York City, 19 November 1999.
International version 1
"Seven (Marius De Vries mix)" – 4:12
"Seven (Beck mix)" – 3:44
"Seven (live)"
"Seven (Original demo)" – 4:05
"Seven (Album version)" – 4:04
This version also included the music video of "I'm Afraid of Americans".
International version 2
"Seven (Marius De Vries mix)" – 4:12
"Seven (Beck mix)" – 3:44
Promo version
"Seven (Marius De Vries mix)" – 4:12
"Seven (Beck mix)" – 3:44
"Seven (Original demo)" – 4:05
"Seven (Album version)" – 4:04
Personnel
David Bowie: Vocals, Acoustic Guitar
Mark Plati: Synthesizers, Bass Guitar
Reeves Gabrels: Electric Guitar
Sterling Campbell: Drums
Charts
Live versions
A live version recorded in Paris in October 1999 was released on the single "Survive" in January 2000.
Another version recorded at Kit Kat Klub, New York City, 19 November 1999 was released as a single in the UK.
Bowie performed the song live at the BBC Radio Theatre in London, 27 June 2000, and a recording of this performance was included on the bonus disc that accompanied the initial release of Bowie at the Beeb in 2000.
Other releases
The "Demo version", "Marius De Vries mix", and two different Beck remixes were released on the bonus disc that followed the 2004 reissue of Hours—with the "Marius De Vries mix" also included as part of the Nothing Has Changed compilation.
Notes
1999 songs
2000 singles
David Bowie songs
Songs written by David Bowie
Songs written by Reeves Gabrels
Song recordings produced by David Bowie
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WJAB
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WJAB (90.9 FM) is a National Public Radio-affiliated college radio station in Huntsville, Alabama. It primarily features jazz and blues music programming aimed toward African-American residents of the northern counties of Alabama and several counties in southern middle Tennessee. WJAB's signal travels in about a 120-mile radius.
The station is licensed to Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University (known as "Alabama A&M" for short) in Normal, Alabama, which is actually located within the city of Huntsville. The Telecommunications Center of the University operates the station partly as a laboratory for student announcers, producers, and journalists.
History
Beginning in the late 1970s, Alabama A&M made numerous attempts to obtain funding from the state of Alabama and the Corporation for Public Broadcasting in order to establish a radio station of its own. The FCC originally allocated the callsign WAED for the station. The call sign was previously owned by The Big JAB, an AM station in Westbrook, Maine.
The Telecommunications Center under the direction of Dr. Hayward O. Handy and Elizabeth Sloan-Ragland, both now deceased, was best known during the 1970s and 1980s for producing several weekly public affairs and features shows seen on Alabama Public Television, including Montage and Upstate. The Center also produced The Alabama A&M Football Review with announcer Ike Rooks, which aired on Huntsville-area commercial television stations.
After years of bureaucratic wrangling and waiting for governments to afford the needed appropriations, AAMU realized its goal in 1991. Since that time, the station has consistently placed the concerns of its listeners in very high regard with programming such as interview shows, music of all varieties throughout the Pan-African world, and live broadcasts of AAMU football and men's basketball games.
The station was assigned the WJAB call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on January 23, 1990.
Notable personalities have included "The Maestro" Shawn Patrick, Jackie Anderson, Marcus Simms, Joy Sidney, Douglas Turner, Theodore Lindsey, Heidi Traylor, Joyce Coffman, Kerry Macklin, Erica Fox, Don Juan, Toni Neal, Sam Terry, Ellen Washington, Billy “Brother B.J.” Lewis, Shannon Rice and Chris Carlisle.
See also
List of jazz radio stations in the United States
References
External links
WJAB official website
JAB
Blues radio stations
JAB
Jazz radio stations in the United States
NPR member stations
Radio stations established in 1991
1991 establishments in Alabama
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plexus%20%28disambiguation%29
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A Plexus is a network of nerves or blood vessels.
Plexus may also refer to:
Science and medicine
Nervous plexus, a branching network of intersecting nerves
Choroid plexus, a network of cells that produces the cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain
Venous plexus, a congregation of multiple veins
Cardiac plexus, a congregation of nerves situated at the base of the heart that innervates the heart
Celiac plexus, a complex network of nerves located in the abdomen
Plexus ricei, an extinct Ediacaran organism
Other uses
Plexus, a 1953 novel by Henry Miller, part of The Rosy Crucifixion trilogy
Plexus Consulting Group, a management consulting firm to non-profit and public service sectors
Plexus Publishing, an imprint of Information Today, Inc.
The Plexus Rangers, characters in the comic book series American Flagg!
"Plexus", a song by Joe Morris from Elsewhere, 1996
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cercan%C3%ADas%20M%C3%A1laga
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Cercanías Málaga is a commuter rail service between central Málaga, Spain, and towns in the province. The network consists of of track, with two lines and 24 stations in operation. The trains are powered by overhead lines and run on broad Iberian gauge track.
History
In 1908 the first line of the Ferrocarriles Suburbanos de Málaga opened; a metre-gauge rail network connecting Málaga to Vélez-Málaga. This line was later extended to Ventas de Zafarraya, along with lines to Coín and Fuengirola. The lines closed in stages between 1960 and 1968. Part of the corridor to Fuengirola was rebuilt to 1668 mm Iberian gauge, with some sections placed underground including a re-routing of the line through Málaga Airport, branded as Cercanías Málaga, and opened in 1975.
Lines and stations
The busiest stations on the network in 2018 were Málaga-Centro Alameda with 1,525,000 passengers, Fuengirola (1,408,000), Málaga María Zambrano (1,375,000), Arroyo de la Miel (1,293,000) and Torremolinos (1,109,000).
Line C-1 Malaga - Airport - Fuengirola
Line C-1 runs along the Costa del Sol. Services were half-hourly, but since 22 September 2011 the frequency has been increased to every 20 minutes.
There are long-standing plans to extend this line to Estepona to the west, and to Nerja in the east, but current stations are:
Centro-Alameda connecting to Metro de Málaga
María Zambrano connecting to Madrid–Málaga high-speed rail line/Metro de Málaga
Victoria Kent (see Victoria Kent)
Guadalhorce
Aeropuerto with eventual connection to Metro de Málaga
San Julián (canceled)
Plaza Mayor
Los Álamos
La Colina
Torremolinos
Montemar-Alto
El Pinillo
Benalmádena-Arroyo de la Miel
Torremuelle
Carvajal
Torreblanca
Los Boliches
Fuengirola
Line C-2 Málaga - Álora
Line C-2 runs inland from Málaga to Álora. The stations are:
Centro-Alameda
María Zambrano
Victoria Kent
Los Prados
Campanillas
Cártama
Aljaima
Pizarra
Álora
Future expansion
The Costa del Sol railway extension of the C-1 service from its current Fuengirola terminus to Marbella and Estepona is planned. In January 2018 three possible route alignments were determined, costing between €2 billion and €3.8 billion.
See also
Cercanías
References
Malaga
Málaga
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RELCOM
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RELCOM or Relcom (), an acronym for "RELiable COMmunications" is a computer network in Russia.
Network
It was launched in the Soviet Union on August 1, 1990 in the Kurchatov Institute in collaboration with DEMOS co-operative (although the engineering team at DEMOS at the time consisted mostly of Kurchatov Institute employees, some key members (Mikhail Davidov, Vadim Antonov, Dmitry Volodin) in the RELCOM team were never employed by Kurchatov Institute).
It became one of the first Russian computer networks (and the first commercial internet service provider in the USSR) and its development led to the emergence of the Runet. Initially it was purely e-mail network based on the UUCP protocol.
During the Soviet coup attempt of 1991 the Relcom network was used to spread news about the event worldwide while the coup perpetrators were trying to suppress mass media activity through the KGB.
Now it is managed by Relcom Business Network Ltd., a Russian ISP.
See also
Kremvax
KOI8-R
History of the Internet in Russia
References
Further reading
"Wide-Area Collaboration." (Archive)
External links
Relcom website
Computing in the Soviet Union
Soviet inventions
Science and technology in Russia
Internet service providers of Russia
1990 establishments in the Soviet Union
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KGOF-LD
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KGOF-LD (channel 33) is a low-power television station in Fresno, California, United States. It is owned by Cocola Broadcasting.
History
The station was noted for its commitment to local programming. Originally broadcasting on channel 34, the then-KSDI-LP invited individuals and organizations to produce their own television programs. Similar to many public-access cable television networks, many locals became a part of the programming on KSDI-LP.
The station was formerly an affiliate of Urban America Television and Shop at Home. The previous affiliation, Shop At Home, was temporary, due to the Shop At Home network ceasing broadcasting on June 21, 2006. The network it replaced, Urban America Television, folded a month earlier.
Subchannels
The station's digital signal is multiplexed:
Previous logo
References
External links
Cocola Broadcasting official site
Central Valley Talk
Fresno Forward
GOF-LD
Television channels and stations established in 1987
1987 establishments in California
GOF
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewelry%20Television
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Jewelry Television is an American television network specializing in the sale of jewelry. On-air and online, the network is mainly branded by its jtv initials in lower-case letters. It has an estimated reach of more than 80 million U.S. households, through cable and satellite providers, online streaming and limited over-the-air broadcasters.
The headquarters of Jewelry Television are located in Knoxville, Tennessee. It has manufacturing facilities in Sri Lanka, Hong Kong, and Thailand.
History
Jewelry Television was founded as America's Collectibles Network (ACN) in 1993 by Jerry Sisk Jr., Bob Hall, and Bill Kouns. Sisk was a graduate gemologist, Kouns was a jewelry expert, and Hall had existing television industry experience.
The fledgling network began broadcasting from a studio in Greeneville, Tennessee, with just one television camera. ACN initially sold gemstones, jewelry, and collectible coins. Sisk, Hall, and Kouns later moved the network to a larger headquarters and television studio in Knoxville.
In 2002, the company re-launched as Jewelry Television and has since focused on selling gemstones, jewelry and jewelry-making kits.
In 2006, Jewelry Television bought competitor Shop at Home and its assets from Scripps. It then served as the replacement for the latter network on a group of Shop at Home-specific Scripps-owned stations while it looked to sell them off.
In 2008 and 2009, Jewelry Television experienced multiple rounds of layoffs, due to both precious metal price increases and the Great Recession.
Jewelry Television has approximately 1,400 employees, as of May 2019.
The network added permanent coverage through the subchannels of Ion Television on March 27, 2023, coincidentally returning the network to the station group which brought it further coverage with the wind-down of its competitor. Scripps wound down the operations of the reality television network TrueReal and began to carry JTV under the common arrangement where Scripps will be paid for any sales made through their Ion carriage, with Scripps also carrying the network in markets where no Ion station is available but they do own a traditional television station.
Canadian expansion
On September 7, 2022, Jewelry Television announced that the network would officially pursue further Canadian pay-TV carriage and facilitate easier shipping into the country from the United States, after years of streaming grey market coverage.
Overview
Jewelry Television airs 24 hours a day, although programming hours vary between each region, based on the local TV provider. In October 2008 the network began broadcasting in high definition. The network also streams online through its website, like most home shopping networks.
In April 2012, Jewelry Television launched the Titanic Jewelry Collection. Created in partnership with Titanic Museum Attractions, this proprietary collection offers pieces in the Art Nouveau and Edwardian styles typical of that era.
Lawsuits
On March 26, 2008, Jewe
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLDS
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HLDS may refer to:
Half-Life Dedicated Server, a computer programming framework
Hitachi-LG Data Storage, a joint venture between Hitachi and the LG group
Hoek van Holland Strand railway station, in the Netherlands
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korora%20%28operating%20system%29
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Korora (previously Kororaa) was a remix of the Fedora Linux distribution. Originally Kororaa was a binary installation method for Gentoo Linux which aimed for easy installation of a Gentoo system by using install scripts instead of manual configuration. The name derives from the Māori word – the little penguin.
History
Korora was started by Christopher Smart as a method to quickly reproduce a Gentoo Linux installation on multiple desktop machines. Smart also intended that Korora be used to quickly demonstrate the power of Gentoo Linux to users critical of 'compile times'. On November 7, 2007, Smart announced that he was discontinuing his work on the project, and that there would be no new versions of Korora.
The introduction of the Korora XGL Live CD was intended to demonstrate the capabilities of Novell's Xgl and Compiz.
On December 23, 2010, Smart announced rebirth of Korora as a Fedora remix.
On , Korora 18 was released, featuring a revised name spelled with only one A and a new logo.
On May 16, 2018, Korora stopped its development.
Kororaa XGL Live CD
In March 2006, a Kororaa based Live CD was released, preconfigured with Xgl capabilities. The live CD supports NVIDIA, ATI and Intel graphics cards, and the latest version (0.3) comes with both K Desktop Environment 3 and GNOME.
Development hiatus and restart
On November 7, 2007, Smart announced that development on Korora would be ended, and no further versions would be released; the reasons given were that:
Sabayon Linux already serves a purpose as a binary Gentoo distribution
Gentoo already comes with a GUI installer
Compiz is already installed by default in the MATE-edition.
Korora could not compete with other distributions which include non-free drivers by default.
the weight of the project was too much for a single developer.
On December 23, 2010, Smart announced the restart of Korora with a release of the Fedora-based version of the distro:
I know that you'll be looking for something Linux related to do over your Christmas holidays and New Year, so I've just released the first installable live DVD beta for testing. The final release will be Korora 14 (derived from Fedora 14), code-named 'Nemo'. As with the original Korora, it's based on KDE. Essentially, Korora has been reborn as a Fedora remix, inspired by Rahul Sundaram's Omega GNOME remix. It aims to provide all general computing uses out of the box and it aims to include software packages that most users will want.
Version history
References
External links
RPM-based Linux distributions
X86-64 Linux distributions
Linux distributions
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coby%20Bell
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Coby Scott Bell (born May 11, 1975) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Jesse Porter on the USA Network original series Burn Notice and professional football player Jason Pitts on The CW/BET comedy-drama The Game. He also co-starred as police officer Tyrone "Ty" Davis, Jr. on the NBC drama Third Watch and as Aaron in the Amazon original series Mad Dogs.
Early life and career
Bell was born in Orange County, California to a white mother and an African-American father, the Broadway actor Michel Bell. Before he began acting, Bell attended San Jose State University, where he graduated with honors. He began his career with a few minor roles in various shows including The Parent 'Hood, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, ER and Smart Guy, before landing a thirteen episode stint as Patrick Owen in L.A. Doctors.
In 1999, Bell landed the role of Officer Ty Davis, Jr. on the NBC drama Third Watch. He was one of only five original cast members to remain on the show throughout its entire six-season run on NBC. During the series' run, he co-starred in Safe, a critically acclaimed play co-written by Third Watch co-star Anthony Ruivivar. The play co-starred Third Watch actors Jason Wiles and Yvonne Jung. He appeared in a Third Watch edition of the American version of The Weakest Link.
In 2005, just months after Third Watch ended its run, Bell landed a recurring role on the UPN comedy series Half & Half as Glen Stallworth, a San Francisco firefighter who is originally set up on a date with main character Mona, but winds up falling for her mother, Phyllis (played by actress Telma Hopkins). Despite appearing in only three episodes, Bell's character was mentioned and referenced throughout the show's fourth and final season.
In 2006, Bell starred in and co-produced an independent film called Drifting Elegant. The project marked his debut as a producer. That same year, Bell guest-starred in an episode of the UPN comedy series Girlfriends in an episode entitled "The Game", which served as the pilot episode for the CW comedy-drama series of the same name. Bell stars as Jason Pitts, the captain of the fictional San Diego Sabers football team. He reprised Jason Pitts in a recurring role when The Game, which was cancelled in 2009, returned on BET in January 2011. In June 2010, Bell joined the cast of the USA Network series Burn Notice as former counter-intelligence agent Jesse Porter.
Bell played Agent Turner on the Marvel Studios series The Gifted from 2017–2019. In 2020, Bell was cast as Captain Larry James, a Texas Ranger Captain, in the CW western crime drama series Walker reboot.
Personal life
Bell is married to Aviss Pinkney-Bell and has four children, three girls and one boy, who are two sets of twins.
In addition to acting, Bell is also a musician and songwriter in a reggae band. He also serves as a mentor to underprivileged youths in the Big Brothers of America.
Filmography
Movies
Television
References
External links
Coby Bell's biography
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entertainment%20Software%20Publishing
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(ESP) was a Japanese video game publisher headquartered in Shibuya, Tokyo. It was founded in 1997 as a publisher for games developed by the Game Developers Network (GD-NET). GD-NET, which included companies such as Treasure and Game Arts, was established due to concerns over smaller developers not having the same financial backing like larger game companies did, as production of console games was beginning to rise. ESP was best known for publishing shoot 'em ups and role-playing games. While primarily a publisher, ESP also developed a handful of games internally.
ESP primarily published games for the Sega Saturn and Dreamcast. When both systems met their demise, the company started shifting operations towards consoles such as the PlayStation 2, PlayStation Portable, and Nintendo DS. ESP was purchased by Game Arts in 2002 and became its publishing division. In 2004, ESP was sold to D3 Publisher, which had noticed ESP's track record and lineup of well-received titles. ESP was merged with D3 Publisher and its parent company, D3 Inc., in 2010.
Many games that were published by ESP, including Grandia, Radiant Silvergun, and the Bangai-O series, have received praise from critics. Several have sold well and have been ranked among the best in their genres. In the past, ESP helped co-publish several Japanese massively multiplayer online video games, and also collaborated with other game companies on various projects.
History
In the late 1990s in Japan, several Japanese video game developers, including Treasure, Quintet, Sting Entertainment, and Game Arts, joined forces and established Game Developers Network (GD-NET). The purpose of GD-NET was to establish mutual assistance with one another. As the video game market in Japan began growing in size, the costs for developers to produce games for consoles was also rising. Members of GD-NET did not have the same financial backing like larger companies did, and believed that creating healthy relationships between them would increase their chances of surviving the industry landscape of the time. Companies under the network proposed a plan that would allow them to focus their resources on game development instead of production and promotion of their titles.
GD-NET members established Entertainment Software Publishing (ESP) in November 1997. Youichi Miyaji, the president and CEO of Game Arts, was appointed president of the company. ESP was funded by many game studios, including Japan Art Media, CSK Research Institute, and Onion Soft, as well as most of the companies that were part of GD-NET. Additional funding was provided by CSK Holdings, the parent company of Sega. GD-NET members would create and produce games, while ESP would handle marketing, sales, and promotion of these games. GD-NET members believed that ESP would allow them to gain more recognition within the industry, as companies such as Sega, Nintendo, and Sony Computer Entertainment would have taken credit for their works when they were published.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Shapies
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The Shapies is an Australian computer-animated children's television series. Produced by Light Knights Productions, it first aired on 6 July 2002, on the Australian Nine Network and, in the United States, on PBS Kids and Animania. The series originally lasted for 26 episodes, with the Series 2 finale airing 30 December 2002.
Background information
The show, which was aimed at four- to eight-year-old children, follows the adventures of the Shapies, a rock band consisting of ten different geometric shapes who have always wanted to be the best band in the whole wide world. They emerge from a toy box into the bedroom of a young boy named Zack.
The show also consists of musical parts for each character, sung by Robert and Meika Robertson out of Island View Recording Studio in Coffs Harbour. Each one lasts over 2 minutes.
The Episodes in series 1 and 2 were 22–24 minutes without any commercials during the episodes.
The Series 2 episodes were released on iTunes in early of January 2015.
List of characters
Bob Oblong
The self-proclaimed leader of the band, he's also known as The King of Cool. His best friend is Paul. He has been shown to be scared of ghosts in the episode "Boo!".
Voiced by Tony Bellette.
Paul the Ball
The silly clown of the band, he laughs a lot and has a ton of energy. His best friend ever is Bob. He gets to "fly" in the episode "Full of Hot Air".
Voiced by Jane U'Brien.
Tammy Triangle
The athletic member of the band. She argues with Sally a lot. She won a computer game in the episode "Virtual Shapies". She was found in the episode "Another World".
Voiced by Jane U'Brien.
Rex the Rectangle
The pet of the band. Always a carefree dog and plays the drums.
Voiced by Jane U'Brien.
Sarah Circle
The second smartest of the group. Thinks of others and is brave such as in the episode "Wet World".
Voiced by Joey Moore.
Sally Cylinder
The vain one of the band. Only thinks of her looks and often argues with Tammy, but they repaired their friendship in the episode "Mirror Mirror".
Voiced by Joey Moore.
Sammy Square
The smartest of the band. Able to come up with ideas, found in the episode "Talent Quest". He saved the bedroom from goo in the episode "The Day The Goo Came!".
Voiced by Jane U'Brien.
Starry Star
The sweet one of the band. She is timid, but is able to overcome it. Found in the episode "The Amazing Maze". She overcame her fear of heights in the episode "Hanging Around".
Voiced by Jane U'Brien.
Perry Pyramid
The chilled-out member of the band. He is a gentle giant and the last Shapie to be found. He was found in the episode "X Marks The Spot". He has his first idea in the episode "Mr. Boo to the Rescue".
Voiced by Tony Bellette.
Connie Cone
The youngest member of the band. She is more quiet than the others. Found in the episode "Circus Day". She befriended Urkel in the episode "The Little Green Men".
Voiced by Joey Moore.
Mirror Man
Not a Shapie, but a person who appears on the door after Zack leaves,
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KNSO
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KNSO (channel 51) is a television station licensed to Clovis, California, United States, broadcasting the Spanish-language Telemundo network to the Fresno area. Owned and operated by NBCUniversal's Telemundo Station Group, KNSO maintains a transmitter on Bald Mountain, south of Meadow Lakes in Fresno County.
History
The station first signed on the air on March 22, 1996; originally operating as an independent station, it was originally owned by Sainte Partners II, L.P. During its first two years on the air, KNSO aired religious programming during the morning hours and Asian language programming in the afternoons, as well as programming from the California Music Channel. These programs were largely simulcast via San Francisco independent station KTSF-TV.
In July 1998, KNSO entered into a local marketing agreement (LMA) with Pappas Telecasting Companies, then-owner of Fox affiliate KMPH-TV (channel 26); Pappas then signed an affiliation agreement to make KNSO the market's WB affiliate, taking the affiliation from Clovis-based KGMC (channel 43). On January 1, 2001, KNSO swapped affiliations with KFRE-TV (channel 59), becoming a Telemundo affiliate; shortly beforehand, Pappas entered into an LMA with KFRE, resulting in the WB affiliation being relocated to KFRE. The station became a Telemundo owned-and-operated station, when the network's then-new parent company NBC bought the station in May 2003.
In March 2004, KNSO vacated its McKinley Road studios and moved to a new facility in North Fresno at 30 River Park Place. The station also implemented an advanced operational environment, making KNSO one of the most advanced television stations in the country. This experimental operation system allowed for a "limited intervention" master control center, which involves a highly automated system of operation. The station automation systems are almost completely self-reliant and provide for little to no assistance by the station personnel in running the on-air switching, monitoring and logging. This system utilizes the Florical Airboss, centralized sales and traffic systems, and various Grass Valley Group broadcast systems, including the Profile XP and Concerto. This experimental operation system has proved successful, and has now been implemented in other station operation control centers.
ZGS Communications took over the operations of KNSO (as well as San Antonio sister station KVDA) on May 1, 2009, although NBC retained the licenses to both stations. Serestar Communications assumed the operations of the station on May 1, 2014, under a joint sales and time brokerage agreement that was to run through December 31, 2020, NBCUniversal retained the KNSO license.
On December 6, 2018, it was announced that NBCUniversal would terminate its local marketing agreement with Serestar in early 2019, making KNSO a full Telemundo O&O for the first time since 2009. This was in conjunction with NBCUniversal's purchase of Serestar-owned Telemundo affiliates KTMW and KULX-C
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DyP
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DyP may refer to:
Dynamic programming
Dye decolorizing peroxidase, an enzyme
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natal%2C%20North%20Sumatra
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Natal is a town in Mandailing region, North Sumatra province, Indonesia. Batang Gadis National Park is located here. There is also a gold mining industry in the town. The name derives from ranah datar, "flat land" in Indonesian. Even though it is located in Mandailing region, culturally Natal people are part of Minangkabau people.
References
Populated places in North Sumatra
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turnaround%20document
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A turnaround document is a document that has been output from a computer, some extra information potentially added to it, and then returned to become an input document. For example, meter cards are produced for collecting readings from gas meters, photocopiers, water meters etc. These are filled in by the customer and then returned to the company for scanning using ICR (Intelligent Character Recognition) so that the system can produce the bills for the customer instead of the customer having to wait through a process, that could take some time. Earlier versions used punched cards, sometimes with mark sense technology, but nowadays, we use the internet to send payments to a credit card.
References
Business documents
Human–computer interaction
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foo%20%28disambiguation%29
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Foo is a placeholder name in computer-related documentation.
Foo or FOO may also refer to:
People
Adeline Foo, Singaporean writer
Cedric Foo (born 1960), Singaporean politician
Ching Ling Foo (1854–1922), Chinese magician
Foo Choo Choon (1860-1921), Malaysian businessman
Ernie Foo (1891–1934), Australian rules footballer
Jon Foo (born 1982), English actor, martial artist and stuntman
Jonathan Foo (born 1990), Guyanese cricketer
Mark Foo (1958–1994), American surfer
Ruby Foo (1904-1950), restaurateur
Sharin Foo (born 1973), Danish musician
Stephanie Foo (born 1987), American radio producer
Places
Foo Lake, in Wisconsin, United States
Foo Pass, in Switzerland
Other uses
Foo (game), a dice game
Foo?, an album by the band Porno Graffiti
Foobar, a placeholder name in computing
Foo Camp, a hacker event
Foo gas or fougasse, a type of explosive mine
Forward observation officer
A nonsense word used in the Smokey Stover comic strip
Foo fighter, mysterious aerial phenomena seen during World War II
Foo Fighters, an American rock band
Foo was here, an Australian graffiti signature of popular culture
See also
FUBAR (disambiguation)
Phoo
Phu (disambiguation)
Fu (disambiguation)
Fu Dog (disambiguation)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milton%20Keynes%20redway%20system
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The Milton Keynes redway system (locally known as redways) is an over network of shared use paths for cyclists and pedestrians in Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, England. It is generally surfaced with red tarmac, and criss-crosses most of the city.
Some of these redways run next to the grid roads and local roads, with underpasses or bridges where they intersect major roads. Others run through park land and along the floodplain of the Great Ouse and its tributaries.
Construction of the redway commenced in the 1970s with the start of the construction of the "new city". By 1980 it was the largest urban cycleway system in the UK with in use.
The Redway Code
The redway system is restricted to cyclists, pedestrians, and powered wheelchairs. It may not be used by horses (except where they run along designated bridleways), motorcycles, mopeds or motor-scooters ("e-scooters"), though (walking-pace) electric delivery robots are permitted.
National Cycle Network
The national Sustrans National Cycle Network Route 6 (Derby – Luton) and Route 51 (Harwich - Cambridge – Oxford) runs to and through the city.
Route 6 enters Milton Keynes from the south following the Grand Union Canal in southern Bletchley. After a loop through central Bletchley close to Bletchley railway station and Bletchley Park, it resumes its track northwards via Fenny Stratford along the valley of the River Ouzel (near The Open University campus and Milton Keynes University Hospital) and the Grand Union to Campbell Park (where it intersects National Cycle Route 51 heading west to Central Milton Keynes and Milton Keynes Central railway station). At Great Linford, the route heads west along the former Wolverton to Newport Pagnell Line (now a rail trail). At Old Wolverton (near Wolverton railway station), the route crosses the River Great Ouse to leave the Milton Keynes Urban Area for the rural villages of Castlethorpe and Hanslope before crossing into Northamptonshire.
Route 51 enters the east of the city at Wavendon then turns north at Walton alongside the Grand Union to Willen Lake then west again to cross NCR6 at Campbell Park. It ascends westwards again through the Park to Central Milton Keynes, leaving the central business district beside Milton Keynes Central railway station. The route runs south by the 'teardrop lakes' to the National Bowl then west again past Furzton Lake, leaving the city at Tattenhoe.
Cycle storage can be found along route 51 at Milton Keynes Central train station (covered cycle racks) and at the junction of Midsummer Boulevard and Witan Gate where there are storage and changing facilities available. There are also frequent Sheffield cycle racks near the station, and outside the shopping centre and theatre, on both sides of Midsummer Boulevard. Cyclists appear to be encouraged to cycle through car parks (with two-way lanes) on each side of Midsummer Boulevard, and use pedestrian underpasses at the major junctions (cars use the roundabouts and/or traffic li
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NCR%20VRX
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VRX is an acronym for Virtual Resource eXecutive, a proprietary operating system on the NCR Criterion series, and later the V-8000 series of mainframe computers manufactured by NCR Corporation during the 1970s and 1980s. It replaced the B3 Operating System originally distributed with the Century series, and inherited many of the features of the B4 Operating System from the high-end of the NCR Century series of computers. VRX was upgraded in the late 1980s and 1990s to become VRX/E for use on the NCR 9800 (Criterion) series of computers. Edward D. Scott managed the development team of 150 software engineers who developed VRX and James J "JJ" Whelan was the software architect responsible for technical oversight and the overall architecture of VRX. Tom Tang was the Director of Engineering at NCR responsible for development of the entire Criterion family of computers. This product line achieved over $1B in revenue and $300M in profits for NCR.
VRX was shipped to its first customers, on a trial basis, in 1977. Customer sites included the United Farm Workers labor union, who in 1982 were running an NCR 8555 mainframe running VRX.
VRX was NCR's response to IBM's MVS virtual storage operating system and was NCR's first virtual storage system. It was based on a segmented page architecture provided in the Criterion architecture.
The Criterion series provided a virtual machine architecture which allowed different machine architectures running under the same operating system. The initial offering provided a Century virtual machine which was instruction compatible with the Century series and a COBOL virtual machine designed to optimize programs written in COBOL. Switching between virtual machines was provided by a virtual machine indicator in the subroutine call mechanism. This allowed programs written in one virtual machine to use subroutines written for another. The same mechanism was used to enter an "executive" state used for operating system functions and a "privileged system" state used for direct access to hardware.
References
Proprietary operating systems
NCR Corporation products
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residual-excited%20linear%20prediction
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Residual-excited linear prediction (RELP) is an obsolete speech coding algorithm. It was originally proposed in the 1970s and can be seen as an ancestor of code-excited linear prediction (CELP). Unlike CELP however, RELP directly transmits the residual signal. To achieve lower rates, that residual signal is usually down-sampled (e.g. to 1–2 kHz). The algorithm is hardly used anymore in audio transmission.
It is still used in some text-to-speech voices, such as the diphone databases found in the Festival and Flite speech synthesizers.
References
External links
https://harvest.usask.ca/bitstream/handle/10388/etd-12202003-142739/0105Thesis.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y (5.8 MB)
Speech codecs
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swapping
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Swapping may refer to:
In computer systems, an older form of memory management, similar to paging
Swapping (barter)
Hot swapping
Book swapping
Wife swapping
Cumswapping
Clothes swapping
See also
Swap (disambiguation)
it:Baratto#Il baratto su internet
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ODD
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ODD is an initialism, which might refer to:
ODD (Text Encoding Initiative) ("One Document Does it all"), an abstracted literate-programming format for describing XML schemas
Oodnadatta Airport (IATA: ODD), South Australia
Operational design domain (ODD), for automated systems
Operational due diligence
Oppositional defiant disorder, a mental disorder characterized by anger-guided, hostile behavior
ODD, a 2007 play by Hal Corley about a teenager with oppositional defiant disorder
Optical disc drive
See also
Odd (disambiguation)
Initialisms
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct%20digital%20control
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Direct digital control is the automated control of a condition or process by a digital device (computer). Direct digital control takes a centralized network-oriented approach. All instrumentation is gathered by various analog and digital converters which use the network to transport these signals to the central controller. The centralized computer then follows all of its production rules (which may incorporate sense points anywhere in the structure) and causes actions to be sent via the same network to valves, actuators, and other heating, ventilating, and air conditioning components that can be adjusted.
Overview
Central controllers and most terminal unit controllers are programmable, meaning the direct digital control program code may be customized for the intended use. The program features include time schedules, setpoints, controllers, logic, timers, trend logs, and alarms.
The unit controllers typically have analog and digital inputs, that allow measurement of the variable (temperature, humidity, or pressure) and analog and digital outputs for control of the medium (hot/cold water and/or steam). Digital inputs are typically (dry) contacts from a control device, and analog inputs are typically a voltage or current measurement from a variable (temperature, humidity, velocity, or pressure) sensing device. Digital outputs are typically relay contacts used to start and stop equipment, and analog outputs are typically voltage or current signals to control the movement of the medium (air/water/steam) control devices.
History
An early example of a direct digital control system was completed by the Australian business Midac in 1981-1982 using R-Tec Australian designed hardware. The system installed at the University of Melbourne used a serial communications network, connecting campus buildings back to a control room "front end" system in the basement of the Old Geology building. Each remote or Satellite Intelligence Unit (SIU) ran 2 Z80 microprocessors whilst the front end ran eleven Z80's in a Parallel Processing configuration with paged common memory. The z80 microprocessors shared the load by passing tasks to each other via the common memory and the communications network. This was possibly the first successful implementation of a distributed processing direct digital control.
Data communication
When direct digital controllers are networked together they can share information through a data bus. The control system may speak 'proprietary' or 'open protocol' language to communicate on the data bus. Examples of open protocol language are Building Automation Control Network (BACnet), LonWorks (Echelon), Modbus TCP and KNX.
Integration
When different direct digital control data networks are linked together they can be controlled from a shared platform. This platform can then share information from one language to another. For example, a LON controller could share a temperature value with a BACnet controller. The integration platform can not only m
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry%20L.%20Straus
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Henry Lobe Straus (March 10, 1896 – October 25, 1949) was an American electrical engineer, horse and cattle breeder, sportsman, entrepreneur and computer pioneer.
Biography
Straus was a 1913 graduate of the Baltimore City College high school and a graduate electrical engineer of Johns Hopkins University.
On April 26, 1927, Henry Straus was at a racetrack in Havre de Grace, Maryland. He had bet $10 on a horse showing twelve-to-one odds. The horse won, and Straus expected to collect about $120. However, the final odds, announced 10 minutes after the race, were less than four-to-one, and he collected only $36. Disappointed, Straus decided to do something about it. A machine for calculating parimutuel odds, issuing tickets, and showing payouts on horse races was called a totalisator; George Julius had invented a mechanical version that was first used in New Zealand in 1913. Straus devised an "electromechanical totalisator".
Straus received help from General Electric's Remote Control Division, who supplied the electric relays and rotary switches to compute odds. After he struggled for several years to market his invention and compete with electric totalisators used in Britain, Pimlico Race Course installed a partial system in 1930, and Arlington Park racecourse, Chicago, Illinois, installed the United States' first complete all-electric totalisator, from Straus's company, in 1933.
A rival machine maker approached Straus and proposed a collaboration. The resulting company, the American Totalisator Company of Baltimore, dominated the parimutuel betting market for years. Henry Straus grew wealthy as his all electric totalisator became a near-universal fixture in racetracks in Europe and North America.
By the 1946, Straus had begun to experiment with an all-electronic calculating system for the totalisator. Then, in 1948, he learned of the work that John W. Mauchly and Presper Eckert were doing with the EDVAC and BINAC computers. Straus became convinced that electronic computers had enormous potential for a range of applications, including applications in the race track business.
In 1948, Straus convinced the directors of American Totalisator to invest $500,000 to shore up the financially troubled Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation which was then developing UNIVAC, the first electronic digital computer designed for commercial use. American Totalisator received 40 percent of the EMCC stock, Straus became chairman of the EMCC board and was active in the business side of operations. Within a year, EMCC was a healthy corporation with contracts for UNIVACs worth $1.2 million.
On October 25, 1949, Henry Straus was killed in a plane crash, and soon after the American Totalisator's directors withdrew their support from EMCC. Eckert and Mauchly were forced to look for a buyer, and sold their company to Remington Rand in 1950.
Thoroughbred racing
Henry Straus developed his invention because of his love of Thoroughbred racing. With wealth from his bus
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super%20G%20%28wireless%20networking%29
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Super G is a proprietary method to increase the throughput of an IEEE 802.11g (Wi-Fi) wireless LAN. Atheros uses frame-bursting, compression, and channel bonding technology to improve performance. The throughput transmission speed limit when using Super G is claimed to be up to 40 Mbit/s-60 Mbit/s at a 108 Mbit/s signaling rate, which is achieved through the bonding of two 54 Mbit/s 802.11g channels.
Vendors
Other vendors have marketed Super G products as 108G Technology, 108 Mbit/s 802.11g, Xpress technology and Xtreme G. Manufacturers that have licensed Super G technology from Atheros include Airlink 101, Clipsal, D-Link, Intelbras, LevelOne, Netgear, Nortel Networks, Planex, SMC, Sony, TRENDnet, SparkLAN, Toshiba and ZyXEL. In general, Super G products from different vendors are all interoperable in Super G mode.
Interference
Non-standard channel bonding extensions to 802.11g such as Super G, have been criticized for creating interference on all Wi-Fi channels, potentially causing issues with other wireless devices that use the band, such as neighboring wireless networks, cordless telephones, baby monitors, and Bluetooth devices. However, Atheros claims that in real-world scenarios with physical separation and walls, closely located networks will not experience any interference from a Super G network.
Alternatives
Atheros has also adapted this technology to their 802.11a/g chipsets, marketing it as Super AG.
Super G is one of several competing incompatible proprietary extension approaches that were developed to increase performance of 802.11g wireless devices, such as 125 High Speed Mode from Broadcom, MIMO-based extensions from Airgo Networks, and Nitro from Conexant.
See also
Proprietary protocol
Vendor lock-in
References
External links
wifi services in dubai (original site is dead link as of 11.11.2011)
IEEE 802.11
Proprietary hardware
Proprietary software
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futureland
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Futureland is a series of nine loosely connected short pieces of science fiction by writer Walter Mosley. The novel is set in a postcyberpunk dystopian universe populated by humans living in a shellshocked, unfairly stratified society overseen by super-rich technocrats.
Stories
Whispers in the Dark - Introduces the early life of one Ptolemy Bent, a young black child who has the greatest IQ the world has ever known, and the purest heart possible in the world he is born into. Because of his IQ, the government wants to take him away from his family to give him education. To prevent this, his uncle sells his organs in order to afford proper education for Ptolemy (known as Popo). The book ends with Ptolemy uploading the digital consciousness of his grandmother and uncle into radio waves as they were both sick. This section ends with him being sent to jail.
The Greatest - Fera Jones rises to the challenge and becomes the first female Universal Boxing Authority World Champion. Along the way, she endures the stress of a risky operation for her father and trainer, Leon Jones, who is addicted to the lethal fantasy-dream drug pulse, which inevitably kills the user as the brain degrades. Pell Lightner, a young man born to permanently unemployed parents, takes up the role of her coach, and gets her through the toughest match of her career.
Doctor Kismet - An interview between the CEO of MacroCode International, the world's most powerful corporation, and one of the leaders of the Sixth Radical Congress, a movement to strengthen the positions of African-Americans in world society.
Angel's Island - The tale of a prisoner on the world's largest privately owned prison and how he came to expose its dark secrets.
The Electric Eye - Folio Johnson is the lead in this more traditional detective following the "last private detective in New York". Folio is hired to investigate the mysterious deaths of members of an elite Neo-Fascists think tank group known as the International Socialists, "The Itsies".
Voices - Professor Jones (Fera Jones', from 'The Greatest', father) hears voices in his head after undergoing a brain tissue transplant. His doctor reassures him that it is simply the foreign tissue becoming part of him. Jones meets a little girl in a park who he shows a fatherly affection for, however her existence is eerie. Similar scenes play out throughout the story, making him question what is real and what are dreams, maybe even echoes of his past drug addiction.
Little Brother - Frendon Blythe is a young activist, who must stand courtroom trial for the death of a policeman in Common Ground, where the defendant can afford neither an attorney nor a judge. He is thus tried and matches wits with a judicial automaton programmed with the minds of 10,000 legal experts, trying to win the sympathy of an AI jury of 10,000 digital consciousnesses.
En Masse - Neil Hawthorne, a young man living in a future New York City, works as a "prod," a job which sends him into ne
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Host%20system
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Host system is any networked computer that provides services to other systems or users. These services may include printer, web or database access.
Host system is a computer on a network, which provides services to users or other computers on that network. Host system usually runs a multi-user operating system such as Unix, MVS or VMS, or at least an operating system with network services such as Windows.
Computer networking
fr:Système hôte
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitro%20%28wireless%20networking%29
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Nitro from Conexant (originally developed by Intersil) is a proprietary 802.11g performance enhancement technology introduced in 2003 as part of the PRISM chipset. The first implementation was designed to help compensate for the performance loss of higher-speed 802.11g devices when they share a wireless network with slower 802.11b devices.
Later implementations are marketed as Nitro MX Xtreme which adds proprietary frame-bursting, compression and point-to-point side session technology for a claimed 140 Mbit/s throughput transmission speed. The point-to-point side session technology, called DirectLink, creates a connection between clients or from a client to a media source, such as a media server, and avoids the access point. It does this while staying in 802.11 Infrastructure mode so the client can continue to utilize access point-based security and power-savings.
Alternatives
Nitro is one of several competing incompatible proprietary extension approaches that were developed to increase performance of 802.11g wireless devices, such as 125 High Speed Mode from Broadcom, Super G (or "108 Mbit/s" technology) from Atheros, and MIMO-based extensions from Airgo Networks.
See also
Proprietary protocol
Vendor lock-in
References
External links
Press release announcing Nitro
IEEE 802.11
Proprietary hardware
Proprietary software
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACM%20SIGACT
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ACM SIGACT or SIGACT is the Association for Computing Machinery Special Interest Group on Algorithms and Computation Theory, whose purpose is support of research in theoretical computer science. It was founded in 1968 by Patrick C. Fischer.
Publications
SIGACT publishes a quarterly print newsletter, SIGACT News. Its online version, SIGACT News Online, is available since 1996 for SIGACT members, with unrestricted access to some features.
Conferences
SIGACT sponsors or has sponsored several annual conferences.
COLT: Conference on Learning Theory, until 1999
PODC: ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing (jointly sponsored by SIGOPS)
PODS: ACM Symposium on Principles of Database Systems
POPL: ACM Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages
SOCG: ACM Symposium on Computational Geometry (jointly sponsored by SIGGRAPH), until 2014
SODA: ACM/SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms (jointly sponsored by the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics). Two annual workshops held in conjunction with SODA also have the same joint sponsorship:
ALENEX: Workshop on Algorithms and Experiments
ANALCO: Workshop on Analytic Algorithms and Combinatorics
SPAA: ACM Symposium on Parallelism in Algorithms and Architectures
STOC: ACM Symposium on the Theory of Computing
COLT, PODC, PODS, POPL, SODA, and STOC are all listed as highly cited venues by both citeseerx and libra.
Awards and prizes
Gödel Prize, for outstanding papers in theoretical computer science (sponsored jointly with EATCS)
Donald E. Knuth Prize, for outstanding contributions to the foundations of computer science (sponsored jointly with IEEE Computer Society's Technical Committee on the Mathematical Foundations of Computing)
Edsger W. Dijkstra Prize in distributed computing (sponsored jointly with SIGOPS, EATCS, and companies)
Paris Kanellakis Theory and Practice Award, for theoretical accomplishments of significant and demonstrable effect on the practice of computing (ACM Award co-sponsored by SIGACT)
Eugene L. Lawler Award for Humanitarian Contributions within Computer Science and Informatics (ACM Award co-sponsored by SIGACT)
Danny Lewin Best Student Paper Award
Best Paper Award for ACM STOC and IEEE FOCS conference papers
ACM SIGACT Distinguished Service Award
References
External links
SIGACT News on ACM Digital Library
Association for Computing Machinery Special Interest Groups
Theoretical computer science
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vintage%20Computer%20Festival
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The Vintage Computer Festival (VCF) is an international event celebrating the history of computing. It is held annually in various locations around the United States and various countries internationally. It was founded by Sellam Ismail in 1997.
Purpose
The Vintage Computer Festival promotes the preservation of "obsolete" computers by offering the public a chance to experience the technologies, people and stories that embody the remarkable tale of the computer revolution. VCF events include hands-on exhibit halls, VIP keynote speeches, consignment, technical classes, and other attractions depending on venue. It is consequently one of the premiere physical markets for antique computer hardware.
Events
The Vintage Computer Federation runs VCF East (Wall Township, New Jersey), VCF Pacific Northwest (Seattle, Washington), and VCF West (Mountain View, California). Independent editions include VCF Midwest (metro Chicago, Illinois), VCF Southwest (Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex) VCF Europa (Munich and Berlin, Germany; Vintage Computer Festival Zürich, Switzerland), Vintage Computer Festival GB, and VCF Southeast (Atlanta, Georgia).
See also
WinWorld
References
External links
Vintage Computer Federation
Vintage Computer Festival Midwest
Vintage Computer Festival Southwest
Vintage Computer Festival Europa
Vintage Computer Festival Zürich
Vintage Computer Festival West
Vintage Computer Festival Archives- Past show notes, exhibits, photos
Computer-related events
History of computing
Computing culture
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eduardo%20Reck%20Miranda
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Eduardo Reck Miranda (born 1963) is a Brazilian composer of chamber and electroacoustic pieces but is most notable in the United Kingdom for his scientific research into computer music, particularly in the field of human-machine interfaces where brain waves will replace keyboards and voice commands to permit the disabled to express themselves musically.
Biography
Early life
Miranda was born in Porto Alegre, Brazil. As one of the largest cities in Southern Brazil and a cultural, political and economical center, Porto Alegre had significant influence on Miranda's music.
Education
In the early 1990s, Miranda attended the University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS) in Brazil where he received a degree in Data Processing Technology in 1985. Miranda then attended the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) where he studied music composition. Desiring to learn more about music technology and experience more of the world, Miranda made his way to the United Kingdom, where he started his post-graduate research studies at the University of York. At York, he developed an in-depth study into musical composition using cellular automata. In 1991, he received his MSc in Music Technology from York. After receiving his MSc, Miranda went briefly to Germany to study algorithmic composition at the Zentrum für Kunst und Medientechnologie in Karlsruhe.
In 1992, Miranda gained admittance to the Faculty of Music of the University of Edinburgh in Scotland where he obtained his PhD in the combined fields of music and artificial intelligence in 1995. For his doctoral thesis, he focused on musical knowledge representation, machine learning of music and software sound synthesis.
Experiences
After receiving his PhD, Miranda worked at the Edinburgh Parallel Computing Centre (EPCC). At EPCC, he developed Chaosynth, an innovative granular synthesis software that uses cellular automata to generate complex sound spectra.
In the mid-1990s, Miranda joined the Department of Music at the University of Glasgow, where he lectured music technology and electroacoustic music composition for a number of years. Then he moved to Paris, to take up a research position at Sony Computer Science Laboratory in the late 1990s.
At Sony, Miranda conducted research aimed at gaining a better understanding of the fundamental cognitive mechanisms employed in sound-based communication systems. This research led Miranda to focus on the evolution of the human ability to speak and the role of our musical capacity in the development of spoken languages. While at Sony, Miranda filed patents in the field of speech processing and made scientific contributions in the fields of speech synthesis, evolutionary music (computational) and cognitive neural modeling.
In the early 2000s he was appointed Visiting Professor of Interactive Media Arts at MECAD (School of Media Arts and Design) in Barcelona and Adjunct Associate Professor of Computer Science at the American University of Paris.
In 2003 Mirand
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kollon
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(titled Ultimate Block Party in the United States, Koloomn in Europe) is a 2003 Arcade puzzle game developed by MagicPot and published by CyberFront. Kollon was later ported to the PlayStation Portable as a launch title in 2004.
Gameplay
Kollon is a puzzle game where the player rotates a two by two section of blocks to match similarly-colored blocks, and blocks can be cleared from the board if at least four blocks of the same color are touching. When blocks are cleared, blocks above them fall down, which may be used to make combos which award more points. As the game progresses, new rows of blocks will push up the current ones, getting faster as the game increases in difficulty. Not clearing enough within a set time limit will force the blocks to the top of the screen, where the player will lose. The speed of new rows will increase as the game is played longer. The game offers several different modes including a multiplayer and arcade mode.
Development
Kollon arcade cabinets were exhibited at the 2004 Tokyo Game Show, alongside videos of a prototype of the PSP port. The PSP version of Kollon was also exhibited at E3 2004. Kollon was released in December 2004 as a launch title for the PSP in Japan. Both western releases of Kollon, the US PSP release Ultimate Block Party and the European Koloomn release by 505 Games adds a Wifi LAN multiplayer mode, which is absent in the Japanese PSP version. The US PSP release of Ultimate Block Party was published by Conspiracy Entertainment.
Reception
Several critics compared Kollon to Lumines: Puzzle Fusion, a puzzle game with similar mechanics which was also a PSP launch title. Official UK PlayStation 2 Magazine stated that while a good game, Koloomn isn't "as polished" as Lumines.
IGN gave the PSP version of Ultimate Block Party an overall score of eight out of ten, praising its variety of game modes, its 'complex' and difficult versus mode, and its fast and "hectic" gameplay, further expressing that the game's pacing is "amazing" and achieving combos feels fun and rewarding. IGN further praised Ultimate Block Party's art style, calling it "cute and blindingly colorful". Another critic from IGN reviewed the Japanese PSP version, and while similarly praising the game's art and gameplay, criticized the lack of a multiplayer mode, as well as "lengthy" loading times. IGN called Ultimate Block Party an improvement over Kollon due to the addition of multiplayer and improved load times.
Official UK PlayStation 2 Magazine gave the PSP version of Koloomn an overall score of eight out of ten, calling it "addictive" and "refreshingly different" than other puzzle games, further praising Koloomn as 'innovative' within the "crowded market" of puzzle games.
Go>Play gave the PSP version of Koloomn an overall score of 70%.
Legacy
Games in the Kollon series have been released for the arcade, PSP, and mobile phone (EZweb, ). A second PSP Kollon game, titled was released in Japan on June 22, 2006.
See also
Tetris
Ref
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stewart%20Cheifet
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Stewart Cheifet (; born September 24, 1938) is an American television presenter, best known for his work presenting and producing Computer Chronicles and Net Cafe. He has also worked in other reporting positions for PBS and ABC, and others. Raised in Philadelphia, he attended Central High School and graduated from the University of Southern California in 1960 with a degree in Mathematics and Psychology and went on to graduate from Harvard Law School. Cheifet taught journalism classes at the Donald W. Reynolds School of Journalism at the University of Nevada, Reno.
References
Further reading
Vance, Hailee, "Cheifet brings professional expertise to broadcast students", The Reynolds School, University of Nevada, Reno.
External links
Harvard Law School alumni
University of Southern California alumni
Living people
University of Nevada, Reno faculty
1938 births
20th-century American Jews
21st-century American Jews
American television hosts
Mass media people from Philadelphia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group%20%28computing%29
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In computing, the term group generally refers to a grouping of users. In principle, users may belong to none, one, or many groups (although in practice some systems place limits on this.) The primary purpose of user groups is to simplify access control to computer systems.
Suppose a computer science department has a network which is shared by students and academics. The department has made a list of directories which the students are permitted to access and another list of directories which the staff are permitted to access. Without groups, administrators would give each student permission to every student directory, and each staff member permission to every staff directory. In practice, that would be very unworkable – every time a student or staff member arrived, administrators would have to allocate permissions on every directory.
With groups, the task is much simpler: create a student group and a staff group, placing each user in the proper group. The entire group can be granted access to the appropriate directory. To add or remove an account, one must only need to do it in one place (in the definition of the group), rather than on every directory. This workflow provides clear separation of concerns: to change access policies, alter the directory permissions; to change the individuals which fall under the policy, alter the group definitions.
Uses of groups
The primary uses of groups are:
Access control
Accounting - allocating shared resources like disk space and network bandwidth
Default per-user configuration profiles - e.g., by default, every staff account could have a specific directory in their PATH
Content selection - only display content relevant to group members - e.g. this portal channel is intended for students, this mailing list is for the chess club
Delegable group administration
Many systems provide facilities for delegation of group administration. In these systems, when a group is created, one or more users may be named as group administrators. These group administrators are then capable of adding and removing other users from the group, without relying on a system administrator.
Some systems also provide joinable groups, which are groups to which users may elect to add themselves. Joinable groups are not intended to be used for access control, but rather for such purposes as electronic mailing lists.
Static vs. dynamic groups
Many systems (especially LDAP systems) offer the facility of dynamic groups. Traditionally groups are static: one defines a group by individually selecting its members. In dynamic groups, however, an administrator can specify search criteria. All users which match the search criteria will be considered a member of this dynamic group.
For example, one might build an LDAP directory using source data from a student administration system. The student system could provide an attribute degreeCode, which might be a numeric code identifying the degree program in which the student is enrolled. Suppose the
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry%20of%20Finance%20Complex%2C%20Putrajaya
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The Ministry of Finance Complex is a building complex housing the Malaysian Ministry of Finance, opposite the Boulevard and Dataran Wawasan in Precinct 2 (north of the Core island) of Putrajaya.
The Ministry of Finance (MoF) comprises the Royal Customs and Excise Department, Department of Valuation and Property Services, Department of the National Accountant of Malaysia, Inland Revenue Board, Securities Commission, and National Bank of Malaysia.
See also
Ministry of Finance (Malaysia)
Buildings and structures in Putrajaya
Ministry of Finance (Malaysia)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User%20Account%20Control
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User Account Control (UAC) is a mandatory access control enforcement feature introduced with Microsoft's Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 operating systems, with a more relaxed version also present in Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 8, Windows Server 2012, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows 10, and Windows 11. It aims to improve the security of Microsoft Windows by limiting application software to standard user privileges until an administrator authorises an increase or elevation. In this way, only applications trusted by the user may receive administrative privileges and malware are kept from compromising the operating system. In other words, a user account may have administrator privileges assigned to it, but applications that the user runs do not inherit those privileges unless they are approved beforehand or the user explicitly authorises it.
UAC uses Mandatory Integrity Control to isolate running processes with different privileges. To reduce the possibility of lower-privilege applications communicating with higher-privilege ones, another new technology, User Interface Privilege Isolation, is used in conjunction with User Account Control to isolate these processes from each other. One prominent use of this is Internet Explorer 7's "Protected Mode".
Operating systems on mainframes and on servers have differentiated between superusers and userland for decades. This had an obvious security component, but also an administrative component, in that it prevented users from accidentally changing system settings.
Early Microsoft home operating-systems (such as MS-DOS, Windows 95-98 and Windows Me) did not have a concept of different user-accounts on the same machine. Subsequent versions of Windows and Microsoft applications encouraged the use of non-administrator user-logons, yet some applications continued to require administrator rights. Microsoft does not certify applications as Windows-compliant if they require administrator privileges; such applications may not use the Windows-compliant logo with their packaging.
Behavior in Windows versions
Windows 1.0-3.1 and 9x: all applications had privileges equivalent to the operating system;
All versions of Windows NT up to Windows XP: introduced multiple user-accounts, but in practice most users continued to function as an administrator for their normal operations. Further, some applications would require that the user be an administrator for some or all of their functions to work.
Windows Vista: Microsoft developed Vista security firstly from the Limited User Account (LUA), then renamed the concept to User Account Protection (UAP) before finally shipping User Account Control (UAC). Introduced in Windows Vista, User Account Control (UAC) offers an approach to encourage "super-user when necessary". The key to UAC lies in its ability to elevate privileges without changing the user context (user "Bob" is still user "Bob"). As always, it is difficult to introduce new sec
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UDP-based%20Data%20Transfer%20Protocol
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UDP-based Data Transfer Protocol (UDT), is a high-performance data transfer protocol designed for transferring large volumetric datasets over high-speed wide area networks. Such settings are typically disadvantageous for the more common TCP protocol.
Initial versions were developed and tested on very high-speed networks (1 Gbit/s, 10 Gbit/s, etc.); however, recent versions of the protocol have been updated to support the commodity Internet as well. For example, the protocol now supports rendezvous connection setup, which is a desirable feature for traversing NAT firewalls using UDP.
UDT has an open source implementation which can be found on SourceForge. It is one of the most popular solutions for supporting high-speed data transfer and is part of many research projects and commercial products.
Background
UDT was developed by Yunhong Gu during his PhD studies at the National Center for Data Mining (NCDM) of University of Illinois at Chicago in the laboratory of Dr. Robert Grossman. Dr. Gu continues to maintain and improve the protocol after graduation.
The UDT project started in 2001, when inexpensive optical networks became popular and triggered a wider awareness of TCP efficiency problems over high-speed wide area networks. The first version of UDT, also known as SABUL (Simple Available Bandwidth Utility Library), was designed to support bulk data transfer for scientific data movement over private networks. SABUL used UDP for data transfer and a separate TCP connection for control messages.
In October, 2003, the NCDM achieved a 6.8 gigabits per second transfer from Chicago, United States to Amsterdam, Netherlands. During the 30-minute test they transmitted approximately 1.4 terabytes of data.
SABUL was later renamed to UDT starting with version 2.0, which was released in 2004. UDT2 removed the TCP control connection in SABUL and used UDP for both data and control information. UDT2 also introduced a new congestion control algorithm that allowed the protocol to run "fairly and friendly" with concurrent UDT and TCP flows.
UDT3 (2006) extended the usage of the protocol to the commodity Internet. Congestion control was tuned to support relatively low bandwidth as well. UDT3 also significantly reduced the use of system resources (CPU and memory). Additionally, UDT3 allows users to easily define and install their own congestion control algorithms.
UDT4 (2007) introduced several new features to better support high concurrency and firewall traversing. UDT4 allowed multiple UDT connections to bind to the same UDP port and it also supported rendezvous connection setup for easier UDP hole punching.
A fifth version of the protocol is currently in the planning stage. Possible features include the ability to support multiple independent sessions over a single connection.
Moreover, since the absence of a security feature for UDT has been an issue with its initial implementation in a commercial environment, Bernardo (2011) has developed a security arc
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunday%20Stew
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Sunday Stew was a block of programming aired on Sunday nights between 9-11 p.m. where MTV showed new episodes of their comedic programs targeted towards younger college-aged men. Like MTV2, the Stew showed short films before and after a show. The branding was discontinued on television in December 2005.
Sunday Stew line-ups
The following are the shows aired during the Sunday Stew for the time periods listed. Each lineup was referred to as a "season" by MTV; thus, the Sunday Stew aired six "seasons" between 2003 and 2005.
Ten-minute sneak peeks
Occasionally, MTV would air the first 10 minutes of a new movie at the conclusion of the programming block. Movies previewed included Dodgeball: A True Underdog Story and The Chronicles of Riddick.
References
MTV original programming
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common%20Information%20Model%20%28computing%29
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The Common Information Model (CIM) is an open standard that defines how managed elements in an IT environment are represented as a common set of objects and relationships between them.
The Distributed Management Task Force maintains the CIM to allow consistent management of these managed elements, independent of their manufacturer or provider.
Overview
One way to describe CIM is to say that it allows multiple parties to exchange management information about these managed elements. However, this falls short of fully capturing CIM's ability not only to describe these managed elements and the management information, but also to actively control and manage them. By using a common model of information, management software can be written once and work with many implementations of the common model without complex and costly conversion operations or loss of information.
The CIM standard is defined and published by the Distributed Management Task Force (DMTF). A related standard is Web-Based Enterprise Management (WBEM, also defined by DMTF) which defines a particular implementation of CIM, including protocols for discovering and accessing such CIM implementations.
Schema and specifications
The CIM standard includes the CIM Infrastructure Specification and the CIM Schema:
CIM Infrastructure Specification
The CIM Infrastructure Specification defines the architecture and concepts of CIM, including a language by which the CIM Schema (including any extension schema) is defined, and a method for mapping CIM to other information models, such as SNMP. The CIM architecture is based upon UML, so it is object-oriented: The managed elements are represented as CIM classes and any relationships between them are represented as CIM associations. Inheritance allows specialization of common base elements into more specific derived elements.
CIM Schema
The CIM Schema is a conceptual schema which defines the specific set of objects and relationships between them that represent a common base for the managed elements in an IT environment. The CIM Schema covers most of today's elements in an IT environment, for example computer systems, operating systems, networks, middleware, services and storage. Classes can be, for example: CIM_ComputerSystem, CIM_OperatingSystem, CIM_Process, CIM_DataFile. The CIM Schema defines a common basis for representing these managed elements. Since most managed elements have product and vendor specific behavior, the CIM Schema is extensible in order to allow the producers of these elements to represent their specific features seamlessly together with the common base functionality defined in the CIM Schema.
Updates to the CIM Schema are published regularly.
CIM is the basis for most of the other DMTF standards (e.g. WBEM or SMASH). It is also the basis for the SMI-S standard for storage management.
Implementations
Infrastructure Implementations
Many vendors provide implementations of CIM in various forms:
Some operating systems provide
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Census%20in%20Armenia
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Census in Armenia is a population census conducted in Armenia about every 10 years with the purpose of capturing exact data on demographics in the country.
Demographic trends
While Armenians formed a consistent majority, Azerbaijanis were historically the second largest population in the republic under Soviet rule (forming about 2.5% in 1989). However, due to hostilities with neighboring Azerbaijan over the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh virtually all Azeris emigrated from Armenia. Conversely, Armenia received a large influx of Armenian refugees from Azerbaijan, thus giving Armenia a more homogeneous character. This forceful population exchange also affected the Christian Udi people of Azerbaijan, many of whom were perceived as Armenians due to close cultural ties between both peoples. The number of Udis residing in Armenia has increased from 19 in 1989 to about 200 by 2006.
Additionally since independence, several other ethnic groups have emigrated especially Russians (who decreased from 51,555 persons in 1989 to 14,660 in 2001), Ukrainians (8,341 in 1989 to 1,633 in 2001), Greeks (4,650 in 1989 to 1,176 in 2001), and Belarusians (1,061 in 1989 to 160 in 2001). The numbers of Yazidis, Kurds, and Assyrians have remained consistent for the most part (though approximately 2,000 Assyrians have left Armenia between 1989 and 2001). Although Georgians were historically counted among the largest ethnic groups in modern Armenia, their numbers have dropped substantially since the 1989 Soviet census when they numbered 1,364 persons.
Russian Empire censuses
Soviet Armenia censuses
1 Includes numbers of both Yazidi and Kurdish populations which were counted separately in the 1926 census but were combined in subsequent censuses.
Republic of Armenia censuses
The first census in Armenia after the dissolution of the Soviet Union was conducted by the Government of Armenia's National Statistical Service during the period of October 10–19, 2001. The census night was October 10. The National Assembly adopted the law "On Census" in 1999, but the government lacked the necessary funds to carry out the count immediately. According to Armenian law, a census must take place every 10 years.
The last population census in Armenia was scheduled in 2020.
References
See also
Demographics of Armenia
Armenia
Demographics of Armenia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WQAD-TV
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WQAD-TV (channel 8) is a television station licensed to Moline, Illinois, United States, serving the Quad Cities area as an affiliate of ABC and MyNetworkTV. Owned by Tegna Inc., the station maintains studios on Park 16th Street in Moline, and its transmitter is located in Orion, Illinois.
Channel 8 was a comparatively late addition to the market; the allocation was removed from Peoria, Illinois, as part of contentious channel planning proceedings there. Eight different companies pursued the permit to build the station, with Moline Television Corporation prevailing in 1962 after years of hearings. WQAD-TV began broadcasting on August 1, 1963, as the Quad Cities' ABC affiliate. Lingering disputes from the comparative hearing process stretched into the 1970s and impeded an attempted sale of the station.
In 1977, the Des Moines Register and Tribune Company acquired WQAD-TV. It made changes to the local newscasts in an attempt to lift them out of second- and third-place positions, but it has remained in second, as a variety of owners have been unable to put the station ahead of dominant KWQC-TV in the Quad Cities market. The current owner, Tegna, acquired WQAD-TV in 2019 as part of a divestiture package from the merger of Tribune Media and Nexstar Media Group. In addition to its main ABC programming, WQAD-TV programs "MyTV 8-3", a digital subchannel with MyNetworkTV and other programming.
History
Channel 8 in Moline: A deintermixture beneficiary
While the Quad Cities area had only received two very high frequency (VHF) television channels (4 and 6), the possibility of adding a third was raised in 1955 in connection with a dispute in the nearby Peoria, Illinois, market. In Peoria, there were two ultra high frequency (UHF) channels and one VHF channel, 8. The UHF station owners wanted to see Peoria designated a UHF "island" to protect them from a superior-facility VHF station that could threaten their economic livelihoods. Likewise, a third station was seen as unlikely on the UHF channels allocated to the area. In June 1956, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) granted a construction permit to WIRL-TV on Peoria's channel 8, but it stayed the grant pending a proceeding on whether channel 8 would remain in Peoria.
On February 26, 1957, the FCC moved channel 8 to the Quad Cities and made Peoria all-UHF as part of its deintermixture program. The news immediately brought prospective applicant groups attracted to the possibility of a third station in the area. WIRL-TV appealed, as did KRNT-TV, the channel 8 station in Des Moines; however, the FCC denied those appeals and affirmed its placement of channel 8 in the Quad Cities.
Over the course of 1957, channel 8 in the Quad Cities attracted a slew of applicants, in all. The first to file was an Illinois company, Community Telecasting Corporation, which proposed to locate the station in Moline, Illinois, and included key local figures. Radio station KSTT in Davenport, Iowa, filed; followed by Tele-
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltic%20Air%20Surveillance%20Network
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Baltic Air Surveillance Network (BALTNET) is an air defense radar network operated by the Baltic States of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia.
Structure
The Baltic Air Surveillance Network (BALTNET) is one of the commands within the NATO Integrated Air Defense System (NATINADS). BALTNET's Regional Airspace Surveillance Coordination Centre (RASCC) is located in Karmėlava and reports to NATO's (CAOC) Combined Air Operations Centre: CAOC Uedem.
Regional Airspace Surveillance Coordination Centre (RASCC), in Karmėlava, Lithuania
(Estonian Air Force) Air Operations Centre, at Ämari Air Base
Radar Station, in Levalõpme, with GM 403
Radar Station, in Otepää, with GM 403
Radar Station, in Kellavere, with AN/TPS-77
(Latvian Air Force) Air Operations Centre, at Lielvārde Air Base
1st Radiotechnical (Radar) Post, at Lielvārde Air Base, with AN/TPS-77
2nd Radiotechnical (Radar) Post, in Audriņi, with AN/TPS-77
3rd Radiotechnical (Radar) Post, in Čalas, with AN/TPS-77
(Lithuanian Air Force) Airspace Operations Centre, in Karmėlava
Radar Station in Antaveršis
Radar Station in Degučiai
Radar Station in Ceikiškės
Lithuanian radars are manufactured by Indra Sistemas.
See also
Airspace Surveillance and Control Command (Lithuania)
References
Air defence radar networks
Military projects of the Baltic states
Military of Lithuania
Military of Latvia
Military of Estonia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JEIDA%20memory%20card
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The JEIDA memory card standard is a popular memory card standard at the beginning of memory cards appearing on portable computers. JEIDA cards could be used to expand system memory or as a solid-state storage drive.
History
Before the advent of the JEIDA standard, laptops had proprietary cards that were not interoperable with other manufacturers laptops, other laptop lines, or even other models in the same line. The establishment of the JEIDA interface and cards across Japanese portables provoked a response from the US government, through SEMATECH, and thus PCMCIA was born. PCMCIA and JEIDA worked to solve this rift between the two competing standards, and merged into JEIDA 4.1 or PCMCIA 2.0 in 1991.
Usage
The JEIDA memory card was used in earlier ThinkPad models, where IBM branded them as IC DRAM Cards.
The interface has also been used for SRAM cards.
Versions
Version 1.0 is an 88-pin memory card. It has 2 rows of pin holes which are shifted against each other by half the pin spacing. The card is 3.3mm thick.
Version 2.0 is only mechanically compatible with the Version 1.0 card. Version 1.0 cards fail in devices designed for Version 2.0.
Version 3 is a 68-pin memory card. It is also used in the Neo Geo.
Version 4.0 corresponds with 68-pin PCMCIA 1.0 (1990).
Version 4.1 unified the PCMCIA and JEIDA standards as PCMCIA 2.0. v4.1 is the 16-bit PC Card standard that defines Type I, II, III, and IV card sizes.
Version 4.2 is the PCMCIA 2.1 standard, and introduced CardBus' 32-bit interface in an almost physically identical casing.
See also
Japan Electronic Industries Development Association
Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association
Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
Compact Flash
References
External links
IC DRAM Card - Thinkwiki.org
Computer buses
Motherboard
PCMCIA
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume%201%3A%20Sound%20Magic
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Volume 1: Sound Magic is the first album by Afro Celt Sound System.
Track listing
Personnel
Ronan Browne – flute, mandolin, harmonium, uilleann pipes
Jo Bruce – keyboards, programming
Kauwding Cissokho – kora
Massamba Diop – talking drum
Simon Emmerson – guitar, programming
James McNally – accordion, bodhran
Iarla Ó Lionáird – vocals
Ayub Ogada – vocals
Martin Russell – keyboards, programming
Davy Spillane – uilleann pipes
Additional personnel
Malcolm Crosbie – guitar
Simon Edwards – sintir
Gary Finlayson – banjo
John Fortis – bass, loops
Angus R. Grant – fiddle
Manu Katché – cymbals
Caroline Lavelle – cello
James MacKintosh – bongos
Ian MacLeod – mandolin
Levon Minassian – doudouk
Myrdhin – harp
Zil – vocal drone
Chart positions
Album
Single
References
1996 debut albums
Afro Celt Sound System albums
Real World Records albums
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English%20Teachers%20%28TV%20series%29
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English Teachers (airing internationally as Taipei Diaries) is a Canadian documentary television series. The series, which airs on Canada's Life Network, and internationally, profiles several young Canadians teaching English as a Second Language in Taipei, Taiwan. It won an award for Best Documentary Series at the 2004 Yorkton Film Festival.
2000s Canadian documentary television series
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development%20of%20Windows%20Vista
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The development of Windows Vista began in May 2001, prior to the release of Microsoft's Windows XP operating system, and continuing until November 2006.
Microsoft originally expected to ship Vista sometime late in 2003 as a minor step between Windows XP (codenamed "Whistler") and the next planned major release of Windows, code-named "Blackcomb". Vista's original codename, "Longhorn", was an allusion to this plan: While Whistler and Blackcomb are large ski resorts in British Columbia, Longhorn is the name of a bar between the two mountains that Whistler's visitors pass to reach Blackcomb.
Gradually, Windows "Longhorn" assimilated many of the important new features and technologies slated for "Blackcomb", resulting in the release date being pushed back a few times. Many of Microsoft's developers were also re-tasked with improving the security of Windows XP. Faced with ongoing delays and concerns about feature creep, Microsoft announced on August 27, 2004, that it was making significant changes. "Longhorn" development started afresh, building on the Windows Server 2003 code-base, and re-incorporating only the features that would be intended for an actual operating system release. Some previously announced features, such as WinFS and NGSCB, were dropped or postponed.
After "Longhorn" was named Windows Vista in mid-2005, an unprecedented beta-test program was started which involved hundreds of thousands of volunteers and companies. Between September 2005 and October 2006, Microsoft released regular Community Technology Previews (CTP) to beta testers and two release candidates to the general public. Development of Windows Vista concluded with the November 8, 2006 announcement of its completion by co-president of Windows development, Jim Allchin.
2001–2002: Early development
The early development stages of Longhorn were generally characterized by incremental improvements and updates to Windows XP. During this period, Microsoft was fairly quiet about what was being worked on, as their marketing and public relations focus were more strongly focused on Windows XP, and Windows Server 2003, which was released in April 2003. Occasional builds of Longhorn were leaked onto popular file sharing networks such as IRC, BitTorrent, eDonkey and various newsgroups, and so most of what is known about builds before the first sanctioned development release of Longhorn in May 2003, is derived from these builds.
Most builds of Longhorn and Vista were identified by a label that was always displayed in the bottom-right corner of the desktop. A typical build label would look like "Longhorn Build 3663.Lab06_N.020728-1728". Higher build numbers didn't automatically mean that the latest features from every development team at Microsoft were included. Typically, a team working on a certain feature or subsystem would generate their working builds which developers would test with, and when the code was deemed stable, all the changes would be incorporated back into the main de
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