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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luby%20transform%20code
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In computer science, Luby transform codes (LT codes) are the first class of practical fountain codes that are near-optimal erasure correcting codes. They were invented by Michael Luby in 1998 and published in 2002. Like some other fountain codes, LT codes depend on sparse bipartite graphs to trade reception overhead for encoding and decoding speed. The distinguishing characteristic of LT codes is in employing a particularly simple algorithm based on the exclusive or operation () to encode and decode the message.
LT codes are rateless because the encoding algorithm can in principle produce an infinite number of message packets (i.e., the percentage of packets that must be received to decode the message can be arbitrarily small). They are erasure correcting codes because they can be used to transmit digital data reliably on an erasure channel.
The next generation beyond LT codes are Raptor codes (see for example IETF RFC 5053 or IETF RFC 6330), which have linear time encoding and decoding. Raptor codes are fundamentally based on LT codes, i.e., encoding for Raptor codes uses two encoding stages, where the second stage is LT encoding. Similarly, decoding with Raptor codes primarily relies upon LT decoding, but LT decoding is intermixed with more advanced decoding techniques. The RaptorQ code specified in IETF RFC 6330, which is the most advanced fountain code, has vastly superior decoding probabilities and performance compared to using only an LT code.
Why use an LT code?
The traditional scheme for transferring data across an erasure channel depends on continuous two-way communication.
The sender encodes and sends a packet of information.
The receiver attempts to decode the received packet. If it can be decoded, the receiver sends an acknowledgment back to the transmitter. Otherwise, the receiver asks the transmitter to send the packet again.
This two-way process continues until all the packets in the message have been transferred successfully.
Certain networks, such as ones used for cellular wireless broadcasting, do not have a feedback channel. Applications on these networks still require reliability. Fountain codes in general, and LT codes in particular, get around this problem by adopting an essentially one-way communication protocol.
The sender encodes and sends packet after packet of information.
The receiver evaluates each packet as it is received. If there is an error, the erroneous packet is discarded. Otherwise the packet is saved as a piece of the message.
Eventually the receiver has enough valid packets to reconstruct the entire message. When the entire message has been received successfully the receiver signals that transmission is complete.
As mentioned above, the RaptorQ code specified in IETF RFC 6330 outperforms an LT code in practice.
LT encoding
The encoding process begins by dividing the uncoded message into n blocks of roughly equal length. Encoded packets are then produced with the help of a pseudorandom number genera
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avshalom%20Feinberg
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Avshalom Feinberg (, 23 October 1889 – 20 January 1917) was one of the leaders of Nili, a Jewish spy network in Ottoman Palestine helping the British fight the Ottoman Empire during World War I.
Feinberg was born in Gedera in the Land of Israel, which was then part of the Ottoman Empire. His parents were Israel "Lolik" Feinberg, among the founders of Rishon LeZion, Hadera and Tel Aviv, and Fanny Feinberg (née Belkind). He had two sisters, Tzila and Shoshanna. Among his close relatives were Joseph Feinberg, a paternal uncle who was a founder of Rishon LeZion, and Olga Hankin (née Belkind), a maternal aunt who was a feminist, midwife and redeemer of lands.
Feinberg studied in France. He then returned to work with Aaron Aaronsohn at the agronomy research station in Atlit. Soon after war began, the four Aaronsohn siblings (Sarah Aaronsohn, Rivka, Alex, and Aaron) founded the Nili underground along with Feinberg. They were later joined by Yosef Lishansky and others. In 1915 Feinberg traveled to Egypt and made contact with the British Department of Naval Intelligence. In 1917, he again went to Egypt, on foot. He was apparently killed on his way back by a group of Bedouins near the British front in Sinai, close to Rafah. His fate was unknown until after the 1967 Six-Day War, when his remains were found under a palm tree that had grown from date seeds in his pocket.
In 1979 a new Israeli settlement in the Sinai Peninsula, Avshalom, was named after him. It was abandoned in 1982 after the Camp David Accords, but a new village by the same name was founded in Israel in 1990.
Further reading
Ot me-Avshalom by Nava Macmel-Atir, 2009 (Hebrew).
'''Sarah, the Hero of Nili by Dvora Omer, 1967 Hebrew).
References
External links
Avshalom Feinberg Zionism-Israel
Letters written by Avshalom Feinberg at Project Ben-Yehuda
1889 births
1917 deaths
Burials at Mount Herzl
Civilians killed in World War I
Jews from Ottoman Palestine
People from Gedera
Zionists
Zionist activists
World War I spies for the United Kingdom
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GetThere
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GetThere is a corporate travel reservation system that is owned by Sabre Corporation. GetThere first started in 1995 as a company named Internet Travel Network (itn.net) founded by Dan Whaley, Al Whaley and Bruce Yoxsimer. It changed its name to GetThere and went public on NASDAQ under the ticker GTHR in November 1999 and was acquired by Sabre in August 2000 for $757 million. Following the acquisition, GetThere merged with the Sabre Business Travel Solutions system. It is now a part of Sabre Travel Network. The first airline reservation (SFO-LAS) ever made over the World Wide Web was made on June 5, 1995 through an ITN server in Palo Alto, CA.
Current Status
Thousands of companies in 95 countries use GetThere. In 2012, GetThere managed $9.6 billion in online corporate spend. Each month, 5 million unique users visit GetThere to shop and book a business trip or meeting.
GetThere has SaaS-based architecture and is a global tool available in 16 languages. GetThere offers more than 3,000 configurable site options.
GetThere serves thousands of large multinational and mid-size corporations. From 2000–2016, a GetThere customer was recognized with one of the Business Travel News Travel Manager of the Year or Best Practitioner awards.
In 2012, GetThere announced two new lines of business: Global Specialty Services, which includes benchmarking for corporate travel and procurement programs, and Sabre Virtual Meetings, a global reservation system for booking and scheduling public and corporate-owned high-definition video conferencing rooms.
Products
GetThere's on-demand software as a service (SaaS) solutions include:
GetThere: web and mobile solutions for corporate travel management. It includes corporate travel booking and reporting.
GetThere Mobile for smartphones: mobile web application to check itinerary, book hotels, and book airfare.
References
American travel websites
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamport%20timestamp
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The Lamport timestamp algorithm is a simple logical clock algorithm used to determine the order of events in a distributed computer system. As different nodes or processes will typically not be perfectly synchronized, this algorithm is used to provide a partial ordering of events with minimal overhead, and conceptually provide a starting point for the more advanced vector clock method. The algorithm is named after its creator, Leslie Lamport.
Distributed algorithms such as resource synchronization often depend on some method of ordering events to function. For example, consider a system with two processes and a disk. The processes send messages to each other, and also send messages to the disk requesting access. The disk grants access in the order the messages were received. For example process sends a message to the disk requesting write access, and then sends a read instruction message to process . Process receives the message, and as a result sends its own read request message to the disk. If there is a timing delay causing the disk to receive both messages at the same time, it can determine which message happened-before the other: happens-before if one can get from to by a sequence of moves of two types: moving forward while remaining in the same process, and following a message from its sending to its reception. A logical clock algorithm provides a mechanism to determine facts about the order of such events. Note that if two events happen in different processes that do not exchange messages directly or indirectly via third-party processes, then we say that the two processes are concurrent, that is, nothing can be said about the ordering of the two events.
Lamport invented a simple mechanism by which the happened-before ordering can be captured numerically. A Lamport logical clock is a numerical software counter value maintained in each process.
Conceptually, this logical clock can be thought of as a clock that only has meaning in relation to messages moving between processes. When a process receives a message, it re-synchronizes its logical clock with that sender. The above-mentioned vector clock is a generalization of the idea into the context of an arbitrary number of parallel, independent processes.
Algorithm
The algorithm follows some simple rules:
A process increments its counter before each local event (e.g., message sending event);
When a process sends a message, it includes its counter value with the message after executing step 1;
On receiving a message, the counter of the recipient is updated, if necessary, to the greater of its current counter and the timestamp in the received message. The counter is then incremented by 1 before the message is considered received.
In pseudocode, the algorithm for sending is:
# event is known
time = time + 1;
# event happens
send(message, time);
The algorithm for receiving a message is:
(message, time_stamp) = receive();
time = max(time_stamp, time) + 1;
Considerations
For
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xinetd
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In computer networking, xinetd (Extended Internet Service Daemon) is an open-source super-server daemon which runs on many Unix-like systems, and manages Internet-based connectivity.
It offers a more secure alternative to the older inetd ("the Internet daemon"), which most modern Linux distributions have deprecated.
Description
xinetd listens for incoming requests over a network and launches the appropriate service for that request. Requests are made using port numbers as identifiers and xinetd usually launches another daemon to handle the request. It can be used to start services with both privileged and non-privileged port numbers.
xinetd features access control mechanisms such as TCP Wrapper ACLs, extensive logging capabilities, and the ability to make services available based on time. It can place limits on the number of servers that the system can start, and has deployable defense mechanisms to protect against port scanners, among other things.
On some implementations of Mac OS X, this daemon starts and maintains various Internet-related services, including FTP and telnet. As an extended form of inetd, it offers enhanced security. It replaced inetd in Mac OS X v10.3, and subsequently launchd replaced it in Mac OS X v10.4. However, Apple has retained inetd for compatibility purposes.
Configuration
Configuration of xinetd resides in the default configuration file /etc/xinetd.conf, and configuration of the services it supports resides in configuration files stored in the /etc/xinetd.d directory. The configuration for each service usually includes a switch to control whether xinetd should enable or disable the service.
An example configuration file for the RFC 868 time server:
# default: off
# description: An RFC 868 time server. This protocol provides a
# site-independent, machine readable date and time. The Time service sends back
# to the originating source the time in seconds since midnight on January first
# 1900.
# This is the tcp version.
service time
{
disable = yes
type = INTERNAL
id = time-stream
socket_type = stream
protocol = tcp
user = root
wait = no
}
# This is the udp version.
service time
{
disable = yes
type = INTERNAL
id = time-dgram
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
user = root
wait = yes
}
The lines with the "#" character at the beginning are comments without any effect on the service. There are two service versions: the first one is based on the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), the second one is based on the User Datagram Protocol (UDP). The type and planned usage of a service determines the necessary core protocol. In a simple way, the UDP cannot handle huge data transmissions, because it lacks the abilities to rearrange packages in a specified order or guarantee their
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Core%20Foundation
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Core Foundation (also called CF) is a C application programming interface (API) written by Apple for its operating systems, and is a mix of low-level routines and wrapper functions. Most Core Foundation routines follow a certain naming convention that deal with opaque objects, for example CFDictionaryRef for functions whose names begin with CFDictionary, and these objects are often reference counted (manually) through CFRetain and CFRelease. Internally, Core Foundation forms the base of the types in the Objective-C standard library and the Carbon API.
The most prevalent use of Core Foundation is for passing its own primitive types for data, including raw bytes, Unicode strings, numbers, calendar dates, and UUIDs, as well as collections such as arrays, sets, and dictionaries, to numerous macOS C routines, primarily those that are GUI-related. At the operating system level Core Foundation also provides standardized application preferences management through CFPropertyList, bundle handling, run loops, interprocess communication through CFMachPort and CFNotificationCenter, and a basic graphical user interface message dialog through CFUserNotification.
Other parts of the API include utility routines and wrappers around existing APIs for ease of use. Utility routines perform such actions as file system and network I/O through CFReadStream, CFWriteStream, and CFURL and endianness translation (Byte Order Utilities). Some examples of wrapper routines include those for Core Foundation's wrapper routines for Unix sockets, the CFSocket API.
Some types in Core Foundation are "toll-free bridged", or interchangeable with a simple cast, with those of their Foundation Kit counterparts. For example, one could create a CFDictionaryRef Core Foundation type, and then later simply use a standard C cast to convert it to its Objective-C counterpart, NSDictionary *, and then use the desired Objective-C methods on that object as one normally would.
Core Foundation has a plug-in model () that is based on the Microsoft Component Object Model.
Open source availability
Apple used to release most of CF as an open-source project called CFLite that can be used to write cross-platform applications for macOS, Linux, and Windows.
A third-party open-source implementation called OpenCFLite extends the Apple CFLite for building on 32-bit Windows and Linux environments. It is maintained by one of the WebKit developers, but was stalled by 2015. The karaoke platform KJams maintains a fork since 2017. This version, by its programmer David M. Cotter, supports 64-bit systems and has a CFNetwork implementation with LibreSSL-based TLS. A fork of OpenCFLite was created by Grant Erickson (an original collaborator with Brent Fulgham on the SourceForge version) in 2021 with a companion port of the CFHost portion of CFNetwork, as OpenCFNetwork.
The Swift Corelib Foundation, a fallback version of the Foundation Kit for the Swift programming language for non-Apple platforms, contains a near
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NAS%20Parallel%20Benchmarks
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NAS Parallel Benchmarks (NPB) are a set of benchmarks targeting performance evaluation of highly parallel supercomputers. They are developed and maintained by the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division (formerly the NASA Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation Program) based at the NASA Ames Research Center. NAS solicits performance results for NPB from all sources.
History
Motivation
Traditional benchmarks that existed before NPB, such as the Livermore loops, the LINPACK Benchmark and the NAS Kernel Benchmark Program, were usually specialized for vector computers. They generally suffered from inadequacies including parallelism-impeding tuning restrictions and insufficient problem sizes, which rendered them inappropriate for highly parallel systems. Equally unsuitable were full-scale application benchmarks due to high porting cost and unavailability of automatic software parallelization tools. As a result, NPB were developed in 1991 and released in 1992 to address the ensuing lack of benchmarks applicable to highly parallel machines.
NPB 1
The first specification of NPB recognized that the benchmarks should feature
new parallel-aware algorithmic and software methods,
genericness and architecture neutrality,
easy verifiability of correctness of results and performance figures,
capability of accommodating new systems with increased power,
and ready distributability.
In the light of these guidelines, it was deemed the only viable approach to use a collection of "paper-and-pencil" benchmarks that specified a set of problems only algorithmically and left most implementation details to the implementer's discretion under certain necessary limits.
NPB 1 defined eight benchmarks, each in two problem sizes dubbed Class A and Class B. Sample codes written in Fortran 77 were supplied. They used a small problem size Class S and were not intended for benchmarking purposes.
NPB 2
Since its release, NPB 1 displayed two major weaknesses. Firstly, due to its "paper-and-pencil" specification, computer vendors usually highly tuned their implementations so that their performance became difficult for scientific programmers to attain. Secondly, many of these implementation were proprietary and not publicly available, effectively concealing their optimizing techniques. Secondly, problem sizes of NPB 1 lagged behind the development of supercomputers as the latter continued to evolve.
NPB 2, released in 1996, came with source code implementations for five out of eight benchmarks defined in NPB 1 to supplement but not replace NPB 1. It extended the benchmarks with an up-to-date problem size Class C. It also amended the rules for submitting benchmarking results. The new rules included explicit requests for output files as well as modified source files and build scripts to ensure public availability of the modifications and reproducibility of the results.
NPB 2.2 contained implementations of two more benchmarks. NPB 2.3 of 1997 was the first complete implementation
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carddass
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is a name given to Bandai's card vending machines and, thus, a generic term given to the cards sold by these machines. The name was inspired by AMeDAS (Automated Meteorological Data Acquisition System), a system in Japan used for gathering weather data; the idea was that Carddass would be an information source for kids. Carddass is a registered trademark of Bandai.
, Bandai Namco has sold Carddass cards since 1988, in addition to Data Carddass cards since March 2005.
History
The first Carddass, released in 1988, is based on the Saint Seiya anime series. In the past, Carddass was for trading and collection only. But since trading card games like Pokémon and Yu-Gi-Oh became popular in Japan, more and more Carddass is made in the form of trading cards that can be played in a game.
Apart from Saint Seiya, much popular anime, manga and tokusatsu series has been made into Carddass, the most famous ones being Bleach, Toriko, Hunter x Hunter, Digimon, Dr. Slump, Dragon Ball, Kinnikuman, Gin Tama, Black Butler, Code Geass, Soul Eater, Fullmetal Alchemist, Gundam, Kamen Rider, Naruto, Neon Genesis Evangelion, One Piece, Revolutionary Girl Utena, YuYu Hakusho, Ranma ½, Sailor Moon, InuYasha, Slam Dunk, Konjiki no Gash Bell!!, Rurouni Kenshin, Ultraman, and Yu-Gi-Oh! (the Carddass game is based on Toei's anime and is not to be confused with Konami's card game).
In 2006, a Super Sentai-based trading card game, Rangers Strike, was released in commemoration of the Super Sentai Series' 30th Anniversary.
In 2007, Carddass started to sell Top Trumps in Japan.
A digital version of the game, Data Carddass, was introduced in 2005. This series revolves around arcade machines that can read specially designed cards to access in-game content, such as weapons, characters or clothes. Also, recently introduced are AR Carddass, which utilises augmented reality features in smartphones, and Net Carddass which utilises online functionality.
Bandai had sold over 11.5billion Carddass cards by 2017, including 2billion Dragon Ball cards by 1998, and 500million Konjiki no Gash Bell cards by 2005.
References
External links
Official website of Carddass
Japanese games
Trading cards
Bandai brands
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mega%20Man%20Battle%20Network%202
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is a 2001 tactical role-playing video game developed by Capcom for the Game Boy Advance (GBA) handheld game console. It is the second game in the Mega Man Battle Network series, and a sequel to the first game; it follows Lan Hikari and his NetNavi MegaMan.EXE as they attempt to take down the new NetCrime syndicate Gospel.
Mega Man Battle Network 2 received generally positive reviews, with many praising it for improving upon the gameplay of the first entry; it has been re-released multiple times, including as part of the Wii U Virtual Console in 2014, and the compilation Battle Network Legacy Collection in 2023 for PlayStation 4, Nintendo Switch and PC. It was followed up by Mega Man Battle Network 3 in 2002.
Gameplay
The general gameplay is essentially identical to that of the original Mega Man Battle Network game; indeed, the two games utilize a significant amount of the same graphics. However, Battle Network 2 introduces several new concepts that augment the original game-system.
In terms of health, Mega Man no longer heals fully and automatically after each battle. Furthermore, the game introduces the SubChip, a device similar in basic concept to a battle chip but one that can only be activated outside of battle.
Where in the original, a player had only one chip folder, Battle Network 2 introduces the possibility of alternate active folders, allowing players to easily customize their range of possible attacks to conform to multiple situations. Notably, chips used in one active folder are not available for the construction of a second, even though only one folder may be used at any given time. Up to three folders can be found in this game, and all are fully customizable. As in the previous game, folders may have up to five Navi chips each and only five of the same kind of any chip (the first game allowed up to ten of the same non-Navi chip).
Aside from the addition of new Battle Chips in general, Battle Network 2 expanded the old chip code system, which had previously been limited only to the alphabet. Some Chips could occur with an asterisk (*) as their code letter, a wild card symbol meaning the Chip can be used with any other Chip. This game is the only Battle Network game (besides 6) where it is possible (from one chip trader only) to get * coded Navi chips. There are now 250 chips possible in single player mode, with chips 251-260 possible only via NetBattling, and chip #261 (Sanctuary) earned when the player completes Hard Mode. Players can also now earn up to five stars on the title screen by completing major tasks in the game.
Additionally, players may access NetSquares in the game. These places serve as a sort of Town Square for NetNavis and their operators to relax, buy supplies, and exchange information.
One final change was the replacement of the old armor system, which only affected damage received, with a style system that affects damage received, attack damage, physical appearance, among other benefits. During the course
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mega%20Man%20Battle%20Network%203
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Mega Man Battle Network 3: Blue Version and Mega Man Battle Network 3: White Version are video games developed by Capcom for the Game Boy Advance (GBA) handheld game console. It is the third game in the Mega Man Battle Network series, released in 2002 in Japan and 2003 in North America. While in North America and Europe, two complementary versions of the game - Blue Version and White Version - exist, marketed simultaneously, this was not the case in Japan. The game was first released in a single version in this region. However, later a version containing bug fixes, new areas, optional bosses, and other improvements was released some months after the original. It was released on the Wii U's Virtual Console in Japan on December 17, 2014 and in North America on May 14, 2015.
Plot
The year is 200X. Doctor Wily has reformed the evil organization WWW (World Three) and now seeks to release Alpha, a prototype version of the Internet that went berserk after becoming corrupted by bugs and was locked away before the current Net was set up. To release it, Wily needs the passwords, referred to in-game as TetraCodes, to the firewalls Alpha is trapped behind, which are hidden in secret locations.
Meanwhile, a tournament called the N1 Grand Prix is being held, supposedly to determine who is the best NetBattler. It is later revealed to be part of the plan for Wily to steal the TetraCodes, and the WWW attacks between rounds.
Lan Hikari and his NetNavi, MegaMan.EXE, fight NetNavis sent by Wily to attempt to defend the TetraCodes from Wily. Still, he manages to retrieve them anyway with the help of Bass, and uses them to release Alpha. Lan and MegaMan confront Wily immediately after he releases Alpha, and battle Bass. After Bass is defeated, Wily reveals he manipulated Sean Obihiro into forming Gospel and creating the Bass copies as seen in the previous game's events. Alpha then consumes both of them and proceeds to infect the whole of the Net with its coding.
MegaMan battles Alpha, and is able to defeat it. As Alpha begins to delete, the network in the area begins to crash as Alpha attempts to absorb everything to save itself. Unfortunately, this includes MegaMan and Lan. In an attempt to allow Lan to escape, MegaMan overloads, sacrificing his life to save Lan. Later, Lan's father manages to recover MegaMan during a salvage operation of the affected network location, and is able to revive him.
Gameplay
The gameplay in Battle Network 3 is similar to that of its predecessors, with few graphical enhancements and minor gameplay changes. Battle Network 3 saw the removal of Power-Ups that were collected to improve the MegaBuster - instead the Navi Customizer was added, allowing abilities to be added on with certain rules as to how these abilities can be added with respect to each other.
Each version of the game has a separate Contest Navi: BowlMan for Blue/Black, and MistMan for White. Blue also includes another Navi, Punk, that could be challenged from time to
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mega%20Man%20Battle%20Network%204
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Mega Man Battle Network 4 is a video game developed by Capcom for the Game Boy Advance (GBA) handheld game console. It is the fourth game in the Mega Man Battle Network series. The European version featured a completely different logo, which was also used on Mega Man X7, Mega Man X8, Mega Man Zero 2, Mega Man Zero 3, Mega Man Zero 4, Mega Man X: Command Mission, Mega Man Network Transmission, Mega Man Battle Chip Challenge, Mega Man Battle Network 3, and Mega Man Battle Network 5. Like Battle Network 3 before it, Battle Network 4 has two different versions, Red Sun and Blue Moon, that differ in story and gameplay details. Battle Network 4 is compatible with the e-Reader, and can be linked up with Rockman EXE 4.5 Real Operation and the Battle Chip Gate for NetBattles. It is able to link with Mega Man Zero 3, and contains references to Konami's Boktai series.
Plot
At a space research center known as NAXA, scientists discover a massive asteroid speeding toward the Earth that would cause the extinction of all life. After a call is put out to the world's greatest scientists, including father of the protagonists Yuichiro Hikari and a man known as Dr. Regal, they decide to direct the asteroid off-course with a laser. When that plan fails, Regal suggests searching for a world-class Net Operator and NetNavi.
Meanwhile, protagonists Lan Hikari and MegaMan.EXE experience trouble both in and around their hometown of ACDC and on the Net. After fighting ShadeMan.EXE, he drops unknown data which is later revealed to be a DarkChip, a program described as unleashing great power at the cost of a Navi's "soul." The duo are warned to never use it under any circumstances.
With no leads to go on, the duo decide to participate in the local Den Battle Tournament. After becoming the champions, they return home to find it burglarized by someone connected to the DarkChip. Upon investigation, they discover that the DarkChip Syndicate Nebula was behind the attack of their home, looking for the DarkChip in their possession. The pair again fight ShadeMan and decide that they have no other option to defeat him than to use the DarkChip. After entering and becoming champions of the Eagle or Hawk Tournament (depending on the game version), Lan and MegaMan encounter LaserMan, another Nebula Navi, who shows MegaMan the DarkSoul within him as a result of using the DarkChip.
Following Regal's suggestion to search for a world class Operator and Navi, Lan and MegaMan are invited to the Red Sun/Blue Moon Tournament in the country of Netopia. After winning the tourney, the duo travel to NAXA and are briefed on the situation and learn that the asteroid headed for Earth has a computer in it and can be steered away with a Navi. Regal then reveals himself as the leader of Nebula and announces that the asteroid was a part of his plan all along. In the asteroid computer, MegaMan again fights LaserMan (now revealed as Regal's Navi), as well as Duo, the operating system of the asteroid who
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Zager
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Michael Zager (born January 3, 1943) is an American record producer, composer, and arranger of original music for commercials, albums, network television, and theme music for films. He teaches music at Florida Atlantic University. Zager was a member of jazz rock band Ten Wheel Drive from 1968 to 1973.
Music career
Zager has produced for artists such as Whitney Houston, Cissy Houston, Peabo Bryson, Luther Vandross, Deniece Williams, Jennifer Holliday, Joe Williams, Arturo Sandoval, Herb Alpert, Olatunji, and the (Detroit) Spinners. Zager produced R&B artist Street Corner Symphony (1975), Marilyn Chambers (1976), Andrea True (1977), Dee Edwards (1980), Take Five (1981), Elusion (1981). He also co-wrote the Patti Day song "Right Before My Eyes" with Alexander Forbes.
In 1978, the Michael Zager Band had a popular disco anthem with "Let's All Chant".
During the Spinners era with singer John Edwards, who had replaced Philippé Wynne in 1977, Zager wrote three medley arrangements from 1979–1981:
"Working My Way Back to You" / "Forgive Me, Girl" (medley), from the 1979 album Dancin' and Lovin' – (No. 2 US Billboard Hot 100 in March–April 1980; No. 1 UK Singles Chart)
"Cupid" / "I've Loved You for a Long Time" (medley), from the 1980 album Love Trippin' – (No. 4 US Hot 100 in July–August 1980; No. 4 UK)
"Yesterday Once More" / "Nothing Remains the Same" (medley), from the 1981 album Labor of Love – (No. 52 US Hot 100 in March 1981; did not chart in the UK)
Appointments
Zager graduated from University of Miami and the Mannes College of Music. He taught at the Mannes College of Music, a division within The New School, in New York City.
During the summers of 2006 and 2008 Zager taught at the College of Music at Payap University in Chiang Mai, Thailand.
He holds the positions of the Dorothy F. Schmidt Eminent Scholar in Performing Arts and professor of music at Florida Atlantic University in Boca Raton, Florida.
He is the author of Writing Music for Television and Radio Commercials (A Manual for Composers and Students) published by Scarecrow Press, and Music Production: For Producers, Composers, Arrangers, and Students, also published by Scarecrow Press.
Discography
Studio albums
Singles
See also
List of Billboard number-one dance club songs
List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. Dance Club Songs chart
References
External links
Official website
1943 births
Living people
American dance musicians
American disco musicians
Columbia Records artists
Record producers from New Jersey
Songwriters from New Jersey
Musicians from Passaic, New Jersey
Private Stock Records artists
The New School faculty
Mannes School of Music alumni
University of Miami alumni
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immersion%20Composition%20Society
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The Immersion Composition Society (ICS) is an underground network of composers, organized into independent groups, called lodges, who periodically spend one or more days composing unusually large volumes of music for the purpose of creating raw material for their new projects. There are several dozen publicized lodges in the U.S, Canada, Europe, and South America. The book The Frustrated Songwriter's Handbook details the ICS approach to creative songwriting.
History
The Immersion Composition Society was started in Oakland, California by two songwriters, Nicholas Dobson and Michael Iago Mellender. Noticing that they were spending large amounts of time thinking about music and waiting for inspiration to strike — instead of actually writing music — in early 2001 they developed a new songwriting method that involved composing prolifically while trying to avoid any kind of self-editing or self-consciousness.
The result was a songwriting "game" that took place over the course of a single day. They both began to play it compulsively. Within a year, Dobson and Mellender had formed a society of songwriters, and this game — which came to be called the "20-Song Game", was its central activity.
Songwriter lodges
The ICS is made up of local chapters called "lodges" (the first of which was the Wig Lodge, founded by Bay Area composer/musician Steven Clark). An ICS lodge is not unlike a small, local secret society of songwriters. The lodge exists as a way for all of the members to force themselves to write as much music as possible. The privacy and secrecy of a lodge are there to create a "safe" environment for musical experimentation, free of unwanted criticism and negative social pressure. The members of an ICS lodge do their best to support each other completely, and each member is encouraged to indulge any musical whim or subject matter — no matter how ridiculous or questionable it may seem to the songwriter at the time. Each lodge has a "lodge head," and any number of members, averaging up to a dozen.
The 20-Song Game
The 20-Song Game works like this:
The members start the day split up, working in their separate homes or studios. Each lodge member then attempts to conceive, write, and record as many new songs as possible before the day is over.
In theory, they are all aiming for 20 new songs. In practice, anything can happen. Making it to the 20th song is not the real point. the Game is more about breaking free of inhibitions, playing and exploring, and entering a state of creative frenzy.
The members do not use previously written material in their session, although broad details such as genre, mood, key, lyrical subject matter, or time signatures can be planned ahead. Song titles can also be planned ahead.
If the Game is being played by multiple players, in the evening there will be a meeting. At a set time all participants get together to listen to the music that they created for the meeting, and to swap session stories. This is how lodges of t
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir%20Gorodetski
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Vladimir Ivanovich Gorodetski (1937) is a Russian Professor of Computer Science, Senior Researcher in Intelligent Systems Laboratory of the St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Science.
He graduated from the Military Air Force Engineer Academy in St. Petersburg (1960) and Mathematical and Mechanical Department of the St. Petersburg State University (1970), received his Ph.D. degree (1967) and Doctor of Technical Sciences degree (1973) in the area "Space Vehicle Optimal Control". Main publications (over 250) are related to the areas of multi-agent systems, optimal control system theory, orbital mechanics, applied statistics, planning, pattern recognition and artificial intelligence, knowledge discovery from databases, data and information fusion, digital image steganography, and computer network security.
References
1937 births
Living people
Russian computer scientists
Artificial intelligence researchers
Scientists from Saint Petersburg
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20Internet%20Exchange
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The Frankfurt Internet Exchange (F-IX) is an Internet Exchange Point located in Frankfurt.
In 2004 the exchange was acquired by XchangePoint Europe, an international network of internet exchanges. In 2005 XchangePoint was acquired by PacketExchange. It was established and serves the city of Frankfurt, Germany.
On 11 March 2020 set a new personal record of 9.1Tbps. The record coincided with increased internet usage during the COVID-19 pandemic.
References
XchangePoint Europe (24 March 2004). XchangePoint acquires Frankfurt Internet Exchange. Press release.
XchangePoint Europe (17 January 2005). PacketExchange acquires XchangePoint. Press release.
External links
PacketExchange.net
Internet exchange points in Germany
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power-system%20automation
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Power-system automation is the act of automatically controlling the power system via instrumentation and control devices. Substation automation refers to using data from Intelligent electronic devices (IED), control and automation capabilities within the substation, and control commands from remote users to control power-system devices.
Since full substation automation relies on substation integration, the terms are often used interchangeably. Power-system automation includes processes associated with generation and delivery of power. Monitoring and control of power delivery systems in the substation and on the pole reduce the occurrence of outages and shorten the duration of outages that do occur. The IEDs, communications protocols, and communications methods, work together as a system to perform power-system automation.
The term “power system” describes the collection of devices that make up the physical systems that generate, transmit, and distribute power. The term “instrumentation and control (I&C) system” refers to the collection of devices that monitor, control, and protect the power system. Many power-system automation are monitored by SCADA.
Automation tasks
Power-system automation is composed of several tasks.
Data acquisition Data acquisition refers to acquiring, or collecting, data. This data is collected in the form of measured analog current or voltage values or the open or closed status of contact points. Acquired data can be used locally within the device collecting it, sent to another device in a substation, or sent from the substation to one or several databases for use by operators, engineers, planners, and administration.
Supervision Computer processes and personnel supervise, or monitor, the conditions and status of the power system using this acquired data. Operators and engineers monitor the information remotely on computer displays and graphical wall displays or locally, at the device, on front-panel displays and laptop computers.
Control Control refers to sending command messages to a device to operate the I&C and power-system devices. Traditional supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems rely on operators to supervise the system and initiate commands from an operator console on the master computer. Field personnel can also control devices using front-panel push buttons or a laptop computer.
In addition, another task is power-system integration, which is the act of communicating data to, from, or among IEDs in the I&C system and remote users. Substation integration refers to combining data from the IED's local to a substation so that there is a single point of contact in the substation for all of the I&C data.
Power-system automation processes rely on data acquisition; power-system supervision and power-system control all working together in a coordinated automatic fashion. The commands are generated automatically and then transmitted in the same fashion as operator initiated commands.
Hardware stru
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyber-shot
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Cyber-shot is Sony's line of point-and-shoot digital cameras introduced in 1996. Cyber-shot model names use a DSC prefix, which is an initialism for "Digital Still Camera". Many Cyber-shot models feature Carl Zeiss trademarked lenses, while others use Sony, or Sony G lenses.
All Cyber-shot cameras accept Sony's proprietary Memory Stick or Memory Stick PRO Duo flash memory, except the DSC-MD1 which only accept MiniDisc. Select models have also supported CompactFlash. Current Cyber-shot cameras support Memory Stick PRO Duo, SD, SDHC, and SDXC. From 2006 to 2009, Sony Ericsson used the Cyber-shot brand in a line of mobile phones.
Models
The current lineup consists of:
R and RX series – state-of-the-art, large-sensor compact cameras
DSC-RX100/DSC-RX100 II/III/IV/V/VI/VII – pocketable camera with the largest 1" sensor of all cameras of its size
DSC-RX10/DSC-RX10 II — zoom lens 1" 24-200mm equivalent 35 mm bridge camera with constant widest aperture F2.8
DSC-RX10 III/DSC-RX10 IV — zoom lens 1" 24-600mm equivalent 35 mm bridge camera with widest aperture F2.4-F4
DSC-RX1/DSC-RX1R/DSC-RX1R II – the world's smallest full-frame camera
H series and HX series - bridge cameras and compact cameras with long superzoom lenses
W series – entry-level cameras
WX series entry level cameras with CMOS sensors.
Currently, W cameras use N-type batteries while most HX, WX and RX cameras use X-type batteries, with some exceptions - smaller cameras like the WX220 using N-type, larger like the RX10 the W-type battery.
Earlier lineup had the following models:
QX series – lens-type compact cameras designed for use with smartphones
T Series – rugged, slimline cameras with touchscreens
In the past, the W and T-series use Sony N-type batteries While most H-series use G-type batteries.
Features
3D
Some Cyber-shot models can take 3D stills by shooting two images using two different focus settings. The technology uses one lens only for the process, and users can later see the images on a 3D TV or on a regular 2D screen. The cameras have been available since 2010.
Geotagging
Some Cyber-Shot models such as the DSC-HX20V, DSC-HX90V, DSC-HX200V and the DSC-HX400V have a built-in GPS so the user can have their photos automatically geotagged as they are being taken. The feature can also serve as a compass as it shows the user's position on the camera screen.
Tru Black
Tru Black is a technology developed by Sony which allows a better visualization of the screen, even when there is too much light. It enables LCD screens to automatically change the display contrast in order to enhance the controlling reflectance. In other words, when light hits a display with Tru Black technology, the screen turns opaque as a means to improve the visualization of the content.
Panorama
All current Cyber-shot cameras are equipped with a panoramic technology branded as Sweep Panorama, which enables the user to capture wide format photographs using only one lens. The photos can be taken and
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware%20%28film%29
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Hardware is a 1990 British cyberpunk science fiction horror film starring Dylan McDermott and Stacey Travis. The film, which was written and directed by Richard Stanley (in his feature directorial debut), also features cameos from Carl McCoy, Iggy Pop and Lemmy. Since its release, it has become a cult film. The film is about a self-repairing robot that goes on a rampage in a post-apocalyptic slum. Fleetway Comics successfully sued the film-makers over the screenplay because it plagiarised a short story entitled "SHOK!" that appeared in 1980 in the Judge Dredd Annual 1981, a spin-off publication of the popular British weekly anthology comic 2000 AD.
Plot
A nomad scavenger treks through an irradiated wasteland and discovers a buried robot. He collects the pieces and takes them to junk dealer Alvy, who is talking with 'Hard Mo' Baxter, a former soldier, and Mo's friend Shades. When Alvy steps away, Mo buys the robot parts from the nomad and sells all but the head to Alvy. Intrigued by the technology, Alvy begins to research its background. Mo and Shades visit Jill, Mo's reclusive girlfriend, and, after an initially distant welcome where Jill checks them with a Geiger counter, Mo presents the robot head as a Christmas gift. Jill, a metal sculptor, eagerly accepts the head. After Shades leaves, they have loud, passionate sex, while being unknowingly watched by their foul-mouthed, perverted, voyeuristic neighbour Lincoln Weinberg via telescope.
Later, Mo and Jill argue about a government sterilization plan and the morality of having children. Jill works the robot head into a sculpture, and Mo says that he likes the work, but he does not understand what it represents. Frustrated, Jill says it represents nothing and resents Mo's suggestion that she make more commercial art to sell. They are interrupted by Alvy, who urges Mo to return to the shop, as he has important news about the robot, which he says is a M.A.R.K. 13. Before he leaves, Mo checks his Bible, where he finds the phrase "No flesh shall be spared" under Mark 13:20, and he becomes suspicious that the robot is part of a government plot for human genocide to address the planet's severe overpopulation crisis. Mo finds Alvy dead of a cytotoxin and evidence that the robot is an experimental combat model capable of self-repair; Alvy's notes also indicate a defect, a weakness to humidity. Worried, Mo contacts Shades and asks him to check on Jill, but Shades is in the middle of a drug trip and barely coherent.
Back at the apartment, the robot has reassembled itself using pieces of Jill's metal sculptures and recharged by draining her apartment's power network. It attempts to kill Jill, but she traps it in a room after the apartment's doors lock. Lincoln sees the robot close the blinds while trying to peep on Jill, and, after he briefly manages to open the apartment door, makes crude sexual advances towards her, and offers to override the emergency lock that traps them in her apartment. Lincoln dis
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20People%27s%20Champions
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The People's Champions is an American television show that aired on FX Networks in 2003. The first episode aired on September 19, 2003. The show was produced by the American arm of Endemol and Jeff Boggs served as executive producer. Six episodes were created. Episodes are available for purchase through digital video outlets and for free streaming on YouTube on the Endemol Beyond channel. In 2006, it was made available on the now-defunct In2TV web site run by AOL, on the Endemol USA channel.
The show was an American version of the British series The People's Book of Records. It was similar to Banzai except that it did not emphasize wagering and instead of mocking Japanese culture, it parodied media coverage of major athletic events (especially British coverage). People competed in silly events to see who could become the People's Champion in that event (see the list of events below).
Each episode opened with the show's host, Oliver Muirhead, introducing the staff of black with white-striped track-suit wearing judges, including an intense old man Ernie Misko, an intimidating large man of African descent, and a beautiful, sexy model Carolina Rommel. After an introduction by Muirhead, the event would start with a participant stating their desire to be the People's Champion of a certain event. Muirhead would then narrate the setup of the event and introduce the competition while the judges oversaw the competitions. Most events had three individual participants each making an attempt at the event. Events that involved all participants competing simultaneously often had more than three and some events featured a pair of two-person teams squaring off. While the events occur, Muirhead delivered exaggerated, sarcastic commentary. After some post-event interviews, the new People's Champion of the event was awarded. The last event of the show was a viewer-submitted challenge. Several amateur video clips for the contest were shown with the final one being the People's Champion. A recap of all of the day's Champions were shown during the credits at the end of the show.
References
2003 American television series debuts
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geeqie
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Geeqie is a free software image viewer and image organiser program for Unix-like operating systems, which includes Linux-based systems and Apple's OS X. It was first released in March 2010, having been created as a fork of GQview, which appeared to have ceased development. It uses the GTK toolkit. In September 2015, development was moved from SourceForge to GitHub.
Features
Viewing raster and vector images, in the following formats:
3FR ANI ARW AVIF BMP CR2 CR3 CRW CUR DDS DjVu DNG ERF GIF HEIC HEIF ICO JP2/JPC/JPX/J2K/JPF JPE/JPEG/JPG JPS JPEGXL KDC MEF MOS MPO MRW NEF ORF (including OM-1) PBM/PGM/PNM/PPM PEF PNG PSD QIF/QTIF (QuickTime Image Format) SCR (ZX Spectrum) RAF RAW RW2 SR2 SRF SVG/SVGZ TGA/TARGA TIF/TIFF WEBP XBM XPM
Images can be displayed singly in normal or fullscreen mode; static or slideshow mode; in sets of two or four per page for comparison; or as thumbnails of various sizes. Animated images are supported.
All available metadata and Exif/IPTC/XMP data can be displayed, as well as colour histograms and assigned tags, keywords and comments
Panels can be docked or floating
Tags, both predefined and custom, can be assigned to images, and stored either as image metadata (where the file format allows), sidecar files, or in directory metadata files. Keywords and comments can also be assigned.
Basic editing in the form of lossless 90/180-degree rotation and flipping is supported; external programs such as GIMP, Inkscape, and custom scripts using ImageMagick can be linked to allow further processing.
Advanced searching is available using criteria such as filename, file size, age, image dimensions, similarity to a specified image, or by keywords or comments. If images have GPS coordinates embedded, you may also search for images within a radius of a geographical point.
Geeqie supports applying the colour profile embedded in an image along with the system monitor profile (or a user-specified monitor profile)
Geeqie sessions can be remotely controlled from external software, so it can be used as an image-viewer component of a bigger application.
Geeqie includes a 'find duplicates' tool which can compare images using a variety of criteria (filename, file size, visual similarity, etc.), either within a single folder or between two folders.
Images may be given a rating value (also known as a "star rating").
Maps from http://www.openstreetmap.org may be displayed in a side panel. If an image has GPS coordinates embedded, its position will be displayed on the map - if Image Direction is encoded, that will be displayed also. If an image does not have embedded GPS coordinates, it may be dragged-and-dropped onto the map to encode its position.
A more extensive list of features may be found here.
Reception
Geeqie has been generally well received in the technical press. A 2012 review in Free Software Magazine said it is "highly recommended, if not best in class". A 2011 Linux Insider review awa
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mega%20Man%20Battle%20Network%20%28video%20game%29
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Mega Man Battle Network is a role-playing video game developed by Capcom for the Game Boy Advance (GBA) handheld console. It is the first title of the Mega Man Battle Network series of games. It was originally released in Japan as a GBA launch game on March 21, 2001 and was released later that year in North America and Europe. It was also released via the Wii U Virtual Console in Japan on July 9, 2014, in Europe on July 24, 2014, and in North America on July 31, 2014.
Battle Network takes place during the 21st century in a world where society and everyday life is driven by the internet. Users are able to interact with and virtually explore nearly any electronic device using highly advanced, online avatars called "NetNavis". The game follows a young boy named Lan Hikari and his NetNavi MegaMan.EXE as they solve a series of crimes instigated by the "WWW (World Three)" organization. Rather than share the platform gameplay of its predecessors, Battle Network is a tactical role-playing game in which the player respectively controls Lan in the game's outside world and MegaMan.EXE in its virtual world. Battles take place in real-time; special abilities called "Battle Chips" can be accessed to fight off the numerous computer viruses present in the game's cyberspace environments.
Battle Network was created amidst the rise of collectible card games, as shown by its collectible Battle Chips that are used to create "Folders" (like card decks). According to producer Keiji Inafune, the development team wanted Battle Network to identify specifically with younger gamers by creating a setting resembling the real world and a gameplay model that mixes traditional action and RPG elements. Battle Network received positive reviews from critics. Its unconventional combat system was given significant praise and its presentation was well-regarded. However, its storyline was met with mixed opinions. The game was followed by a number of sequels and spin-off titles, as well as other media. An enhanced port of the game, , released in Japan in 2009 for the Nintendo DS.
Plot
Mega Man Battle Network is set in an ambiguous year in the 21st century ("20XX AD") in an alternate reality to the original Mega Man series. Within the world of Battle Network, the Net has become humanity's primary means of communication, commerce, and even crime. Users are able to "jack in" to the Net and other computerized devices and explore their various aspects using (or "operating") program avatars called "NetNavis (Network Navigators)" as if they were physical locations. The Net and the inner workings of computers are displayed as a virtual world within which users (through their NetNavis) and computer programs can interact. Users often do so by communicating through a "PET (PErsonal information Terminal)" device. The plot of Mega Man Battle Network follows one such pair, Lan Hikari and his NetNavi MegaMan.EXE. Lan is a fifth grader in the town of ACDC. His father, Dr. Yuichiro Hikari, is one of
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Release%20engineering
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Release engineering, frequently abbreviated as RE or as the clipped compound Releng, is a sub-discipline in software engineering concerned with the compilation, assembly, and delivery of source code into finished products or other software components. Associated with the software release life cycle, it was said by Boris Debic of Google Inc. that release engineering is to software engineering as manufacturing is to an industrial process:
Release engineering is the difference between manufacturing software in small teams or startups and manufacturing software in an industrial way that is repeatable, gives predictable results,
and scales well. These industrial style practices not only contribute to the growth of a company but also are
key factors in enabling growth.
The importance of release engineering in enabling growth of a technology company has been repeatedly argued by John O'Duinn and Bram Adams. While it is not the goal of release engineering to encumber software development with a process overlay, it is often seen as a sign of organizational and developmental maturity.
Modern release engineering is concerned with several aspects of software production:
Identifiability Being able to identify all of the source, tools, environment, and other components that make up a particular release.
Reproducibility The ability to integrate source, third party components, data, and deployment externals of a software system in order to guarantee operational stability.
Consistency The mission to provide a stable framework for development, deployment, audit and accountability for software components.
Agility The ongoing research into what are the repercussions of modern software engineering practices on the productivity in the software cycle, e.g. continuous integration and push on green initiatives.
Release engineering is often the integration hub for more complex software development teams, sitting at the cross between development, product management, quality assurance and other engineering efforts, also known as DevOps. Release engineering teams are often cast in the role of gatekeepers (e.g. at Facebook, Google, Microsoft) for certain critical products where their judgement forms a parallel line of responsibility and authority in relation to production releases (pushes).
Frequently, tracking of changes in a configuration management system or revision control system is part of the domain of the release engineer. The responsibility for creating and applying a version numbering scheme into software—and tracking that number back to the specific source files to which it applies—often falls onto the release engineer. Producing or improving automation in software production is usually a goal of the release engineer. Gathering, tracking, and supplying all the tools that are required to develop and build a particular piece of software may be a release engineering task, in order to reliably reproduce or maintain software years after its initial release to c
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Player%20Channel
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The Player Channel, known as the Poker Channel until 3 December 2012, was a gaming TV network which broadcast to over 30 million households in 30 countries.
The Channel was typically carried in the basic packages of cable and satellite operators in Europe and classified as a sport or entertainment channel in electronic programme guides (EPGs). It broadcast 24 hours a day in all Continental Europe countries and 6.5 hours a day in the UK and Ireland on Sky Channel 166, in the entertainment section, adjacent to FX in the Sky EPG.
The Poker Channel was launched in the UK in March 2005 and broadcast poker programming including major tournaments such as the World Series of Poker, the World Poker Tour, instructional series, online events, documentaries, news and player profiles.
History
The Poker Channel was formed in 2005 by Crispin Nieboer, ex-commercial manager at British Sky Broadcasting, who conceived the idea and pitched it originally to BSkyB (who turned it down, but ultimately launched their own dedicated poker channel in 2007). Nieboer raised the funding of £1.75m from Party Poker and two private investors and brought in James Hopkins, Sky Sports' producer of rugby and poker as a partner and shareholder. Hopkins was involved in the success of the first live poker tournament on television, The Poker Million, in 2000. The Channel recruited Chris White, ex Fremantle executive, as Commercial Director in 2006 to expand the company into European, Asian and Latin American markets.
The channel was first broadcast in the UK in March 2005 on channel number 265. Following an EPG re-structure by Sky in April 2006 the channel was moved to channel number 844 in Sky's new 'Gaming and Dating' section. The move resulted in a loss in viewing figures. In an attempt to regain viewing figures The Poker Channel rebranded itself as All in Sport in August 2006 and added some sports related programming. The rebranding resulted in a move to channel 444 in the Sports section of the Sky EPG. Due to Sky's broadcasting rules the channel was only able to broadcast poker programming for 4 to 6 hours a day.
On 31 December 2006 the channel decided to cease broadcasting as a 24-hour channel on Sky in the UK, due to Sky's EPG re-structure and limitations on poker programming broadcast hours, and started a long-term partnership with Sky Channel 166 (Info TV Ltd) to broadcast poker programming in a late evening slot, where the Poker Channel broadcast between 9.30pm and 4am. On 1 March 2007, to capitalise on the popularity of poker in Europe, The Poker Channel launched as a free-to-air channel on cable platforms in France (Free and Numericable) and Germany (Kabel BW), and in Finland, Norway, Sweden and Denmark on DTH satellite platform, Canal Digital.
In late 2007, The Poker Channel increased distribution in Germany (Kabel Deutschland and Unity Media) and launched with cable platforms in Belgium (BeTV and Coditel), Luxembourg (Coditel), Iceland (Skjarinn), Malta (Melita
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl%20Kesselman
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Carl Kesselman is an American computer scientist specializing in grid computing technologies.
This term was developed by him and professor Ian Foster in the book The Grid: Blueprint for a New Computing Infrastructure. He and Foster are winners of the British Computer Society's Lovelace Medal for their grid work.
He is institute fellow at the University of Southern California's Information Sciences Institute and a professor in the Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, at the University of Southern California.
Kesselman co-led the Globus Toolkit project, core technologies for computational grid systems in the areas of resource location, resource allocation, computer security, data communication, and data access.
He described a Globus testbed called GUSTO in 1997.
He was elected as an ACM Fellow in 2017 and was awarded (with Ian Foster) the IEEE Computer Society Harry H Goode Memorial Award (2020) and IEEE Internet Award (2023).
He received a PhD in computer science from UCLA in 1991.
External links
Personal web page
The Grid: Blueprint for a New Computing Infrastructure Link just links to the old Globus website
References
University of Southern California faculty
Living people
Fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
Year of birth missing (living people)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost%20estimation%20in%20software%20engineering
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Cost estimation in software engineering is typically concerned with the financial spend on the effort to develop and test the software, this can also include requirements review, maintenance, training, managing and buying extra equipment, servers and software. Many methods have been developed for estimating software costs for a given project.
Methods
Methods for estimation in software engineering include these principles:
Analysis effort method
Parametric Estimating
The Planning Game (from Extreme Programming)
ITK method, also known as Method CETIN
Proxy-based estimating (PROBE) (from the Personal Software Process)
Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)
Putnam model, also known as SLIM
PRICE Systems Founders of Commercial Parametric models that estimates the scope, cost, effort and schedule for software projects.
SEER-SEM Parametric Estimation of Effort, Schedule, Cost, Risk. Minimum time and staffing concepts based on Brooks's law
The Use Case Points method (UCP)
Weighted Micro Function Points (WMFP)
Wideband Delphi
Most cost software development estimation techniques involve estimating or measuring software size first and then applying some knowledge of historical of cost per unit of size. Software size is typically sized in SLOC, Function Point or Agile story points.
See also
Software development effort estimation
Software metric
Project management
Cost overrun
Risk
Comparison of development estimation software
External links
Software Estimation chapter from O'Reilly, Applied Software Project Management
Estimating With Use Case Points from Methods & Tools
Definition of Use Case Points method (UCP)
Roy K. Clemmons, Project Estimation With Use Case Points
Estimating techniques throughout the SDLC
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare%20Effectiveness%20Data%20and%20Information%20Set
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The Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) is a widely used set of performance measures in the managed care industry, developed and maintained by the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA).
HEDIS was designed to allow consumers to compare health plan performance to other plans and to national or regional benchmarks. Although not originally intended for trending, HEDIS results are increasingly used to track year-to-year performance. HEDIS is one component of NCQA's accreditation process, although some plans submit HEDIS data without seeking accreditation. An incentive for many health plans to collect HEDIS data is a Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) requirement that health maintenance organizations (HMOs) submit Medicare HEDIS data in order to provide HMO services for Medicare enrollees under a program called Medicare Advantage.
HEDIS was originally titled the "HMO Employer Data and Information Set" as of version 1.0 of 1991. In 1993, Version 2.0 of HEDIS was known as the "Health Plan Employer Data and Information Set". Version 3.0 of HEDIS was released in 1997. In July 2007, NCQA announced that the meaning of "HEDIS" would be changed to "Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set."
In current usage, the "reporting year" after the term "HEDIS" is one year following the year reflected in the data; for example, the "HEDIS 2009" reports, available in June 2009, contain analyses of data collected from "measurement year" January–December 2008.
Structure
The 90 HEDIS measures are divided into six "domains of care":
Effectiveness of Care
Access/Availability of Care
Experience of Care
Utilization and Relative Resource Use
Health Plan Descriptive Information
Measures Collected Using Electronic Clinical Data Systems
Measures are added, deleted, and revised annually. For example, a measure for the length of stay after giving birth was deleted after legislation mandating minimum length of stay rendered this measure nearly useless. Increased attention to medical care for seniors prompted the addition of measures related to glaucoma screening and osteoporosis treatment for older adults. Other health care concerns covered by HEDIS are immunizations, cancer screenings, treatment after heart attacks, diabetes, asthma, flu shots, access to services, dental care, alcohol and drug dependence treatment, timeliness of handling phone calls, prenatal and postpartum care, mental health care, well-care or preventive visits, inpatient utilization, drug utilization, and distribution of members by age, sex, and product lines.
New measures in HEDIS 2013 are “Asthma Medication Ratio,” “Diabetes Screening for People With Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Who Are Using Antipsychotic Medications,” “Diabetes Monitoring for People With Diabetes and Schizophrenia,” “Cardiovascular Monitoring for People With Cardiovascular Disease and Schizophrenia,” and “Adherence to Antipsychotic Medications for Individuals With Schizophren
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamport%27s%20bakery%20algorithm
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Lamport's bakery algorithm is a computer algorithm devised by computer scientist Leslie Lamport, as part of his long study of the formal correctness of concurrent systems, which is intended to improve the safety in the usage of shared resources among multiple threads by means of mutual exclusion.
In computer science, it is common for multiple threads to simultaneously access the same resources. Data corruption can occur if two or more threads try to write into the same memory location, or if one thread reads a memory location before another has finished writing into it. Lamport's bakery algorithm is one of many mutual exclusion algorithms designed to prevent concurrent threads entering critical sections of code concurrently to eliminate the risk of data corruption.
Algorithm
Analogy
Lamport envisioned a bakery with a numbering machine at its entrance so each customer is given a unique number. Numbers increase by one as customers enter the store. A global counter displays the number of the customer that is currently being served. All other customers must wait in a queue until the baker finishes serving the current customer and the next number is displayed. When the customer is done shopping and has disposed of his or her number, the clerk increments the number, allowing the next customer to be served. That customer must draw another number from the numbering machine in order to shop again.
According to the analogy, the "customers" are threads, identified by the letter i, obtained from a global variable.
Due to the limitations of computer architecture, some parts of Lamport's analogy need slight modification. It is possible that more than one thread will get the same number n when they request it; this cannot be avoided (without first solving the mutual exclusion problem, which is the goal of the algorithm). Therefore, it is assumed that the thread identifier i is also a priority. A lower value of i means a higher priority and threads with higher priority will enter the critical section first.
Critical section
The critical section is that part of code that requires exclusive access to resources and may only be executed by one thread at a time. In the bakery analogy, it is when the customer trades with the baker that others must wait.
When a thread wants to enter the critical section, it has to check whether now is its turn to do so. It should check the number n of every other thread to make sure that it has the smallest one. In case another thread has the same number, the thread with the smallest i will enter the critical section first.
In pseudocode this comparison between threads a and b can be written in the form:
// Let na - the customer number for thread a, and
// ia - the thread number for thread a, then
(na, ia) < (nb, ib)
which is equivalent to:
(na < nb) or ((na == nb) and (ia < ib))
Once the thread ends its critical job, it gets rid of its number and enters the non-critical section.
Non-critical section
The non-critic
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20XML%20and%20HTML%20character%20entity%20references
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In SGML, HTML and XML documents, the logical constructs known as character data and attribute values consist of sequences of characters, in which each character can manifest directly (representing itself), or can be represented by a series of characters called a character reference, of which there are two types: a numeric character reference and a character entity reference. This article lists the character entity references that are valid in HTML and XML documents.
A character entity reference refers to the content of a named entity. An entity declaration is created in XML, SGML and HTML documents (before HTML5) by using the <!ENTITY name "value"> syntax in a Document type definition (DTD).
Character reference overview
In HTML and XML, a numeric character reference refers to a character by its Universal Character Set/Unicode code point, and uses the format:
&#xhhhh;
or
&#nnnn;
where the x must be lowercase in XML documents, hhhh is the code point in hexadecimal form, and nnnn is the code point in decimal form. The hhhh (or nnnn) may be any number of hexadecimal (or decimal) digits and may include leading zeros. The hhhh for hexadecimal digits may mix uppercase and lowercase letters, though uppercase is the usual style. However the XML and HTML standards restrict the usable code points to a set of valid values, which is a subset of UCS/Unicode code point values, that excludes all code points assigned to non-characters or to surrogates, and most code points assigned to C0 and C1 controls (with the exception of line separators and tabulations treated as white spaces).
In contrast, a character entity reference refers to a sequence of one or more characters by the name of an entity which has the desired characters as its replacement text. The entity must either be predefined (built into the markup language), or otherwise explicitly declared in a Document Type Definition (DTD) (see ). The format is the same as for any entity reference:
&name;
where name is the case-sensitive name of the entity. The semicolon is usually required in the character entity reference, unless marked otherwise in the table below (see ).
Standard public entity sets for characters
XML XML specifies five predefined entities needed to support every printable ASCII character: &, <, >, ', and ". The trailing semicolon is mandatory in XML (and XHTML) for these five entities (even if HTML or SGML allows omitting it for some of them, according to their DTD).
ISO Entity Sets SGML supplied a comprehensive set of entity declarations for characters widely used in Western technical and reference publishing, for Latin, Greek and Cyrillic scripts. The American Mathematical Society also contributed entities for mathematical characters (see ).
HTML Entity Sets Early versions of HTML built in small subsets of these, relating to characters found in three Western 8-bit fonts.
MathML Entity Sets The W3C developed a set of entity declarations for MathML characters.
X
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized%20processor%20sharing
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Generalized processor sharing (GPS) is an ideal scheduling algorithm for process schedulers and network schedulers. It is related to the fair-queuing principle which groups packets into classes and shares the service capacity between them. GPS shares this capacity according to some fixed weights.
In process scheduling, GPS is "an idealized scheduling algorithm that achieves perfect fairness. All practical schedulers approximate GPS and use it as a reference to measure fairness."
Generalized processor sharing assumes that traffic is fluid (infinitesimal packet sizes), and can be arbitrarily split. There are several service disciplines which track the performance of GPS quite closely such as weighted fair queuing (WFQ), also known as packet-by-packet generalized processor sharing (PGPS).
Justification
In a network such as the internet, different application types require different levels of performance. For example, email is a genuinely store and forward kind of application, but videoconferencing isn't since it requires low latency. When packets are queued up on one end of a congested link, the node usually has some freedom in deciding the order in which it should send the queued packets. One example ordering is simply first-come, first-served, which works fine if the sizes of the queues are small, but can result in problems if there are latency-sensitive packets being blocked by packets from bursty, higher bandwidth applications.
Details
In GPS, a scheduler handling flows (also called "classes", or "sessions") is configured with one weight for each flow. Then, the GPS ensures that, considering one flow , and some time interval such that the flow is continuously backlogged on this interval (i.e. the queue is never empty), then, for any other flow , the following relation holds
where denotes the amount of bits of the flow made output on interval .
Then, it can be proved that each flow will receive at least a rate
where is the rate of the server.
This is a minimal rate. If some flow does not use its bandwidth during some period, this remaining capacity is shared by the active flows with regard to their respective weights. For example, consider a GPS server with . The first flow will receive at least half of the capacity, whereas the other two only get . Nevertheless, if on some time interval , only the second and third flows are active, they will receive each one half of the capacity.
Implementations, parametrization and fairness
In GPS, and all protocols inspired by GPS, the choice of the weights is left to the network administrator.
Generalized processor sharing assumes that the traffic is fluid, i.e., infinitely divisible so that whenever an application type has packets in the queue, it will receive exactly the fraction of the server given by the formula above. However, traffic is not fluid and consists of packets, possibly of variable sizes. Therefore, GPS is mostly a theoretical idea, and several scheduling algorithms ha
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outstanding%20Live%20Sports%20Special
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The Sports Emmy Award for Outstanding Live Sports Special has been awarded since 1976. It is awarded to a network for their coverage of one specific sporting event in a calendar year, which means it should not be confused with the award for Outstanding Live Sports Series.
List of winners
1975-76: 1975 World Series (NBC)
1976-77: 1976 Summer Olympics (ABC)
1977-78: Heavyweight championship boxing match between Muhammad Ali and Leon Spinks (CBS)
1978-79: Super Bowl XIII (NBC)
1979-80: 1980 Winter Olympics (ABC)
1980-81: 1981 Kentucky Derby (ABC)
1981-82: 1982 Men's NCAA Basketball National Championship game between the University of North Carolina and Georgetown University (CBS)
1982-83: 1982 World Series (NBC)
1983-84: no award was given
1984-85: 1984 Summer Olympics (ABC)
1985-86: no award was given
1986-87: 1987 Daytona 500 (CBS)
1987-88: 1987 Kentucky Derby (ABC)
1988: 1988 Summer Olympics (NBC)
1989: 1989 Indianapolis 500 (ABC)
1990: 1990 Indianapolis 500 (ABC)
1991: 1991 NBA Finals (NBC)
1992: 1992 Breeders Cup (NBC)
1993: 1993 World Series (CBS)
1994: 1994 Stanley Cup Finals (ESPN)
1995: The September 6, 1995 baseball game in which Cal Ripken Jr. played in his 2,131st consecutive game, breaking a record previously held by Lou Gehrig (ESPN)
1996: 1996 World Series (FOX)
1997: 1997 NBA Finals (NBC)
1998: September 8, 1998 Cardinals/Cubs baseball game in which Mark McGwire hit his 62nd home run of the season. (FOX)
1999: 1999 Major League Baseball All-Star Game (FOX)
2000: 2000 World Series (FOX)
2001: 2001 World Series (FOX)
2002: 2002 Winter Olympics (NBC)
2003: 2003 Major League Baseball postseason (FOX)
2004: 2004 Masters Tournament (CBS)
Major League Baseball: Division Series (ESPN)
Super Bowl XXXVIII (CBS)
2004 Wimbledon Championships (NBC)
2004 World Series (FOX)
2005: 2005 Open Championship (TNT)
2005 Little League World Series (ABC/ESPN)
2005 Masters Tournament (CBS)
2005 Preakness Stakes (NBC)
2005 World Series (FOX)
2006: 2006 Major League Baseball postseason (FOX)
2006 FIFA World Cup (ABC)
Indianapolis Colts - Pittsburgh Steelers Divisional Playoff (CBS)
2006 Masters Tournament (CBS)
2006 Preakness Stakes (NBC)
2007: 2007 Tostitos Fiesta Bowl (FOX)
Dallas Cowboys - Seattle Seahawks Wild Card Playoff (NBC)
2007 Daytona 500 (FOX)
2007 AFC Championship Game (CBS)
2007 Open Championship (ABC/ESPN)
Super Bowl XLI (CBS)
2008: 2008 U.S. Open Golf Championship (NBC)
2008 Daytona 500 (FOX)
Super Bowl XLII (FOX)
2008 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles final (NBC)
X Games XIV (ESPN)
2009: Super Bowl XLIII (NBC)
2009 Breeders' Cup (ESPN)
2009 Indianapolis 500 (ABC)
2009 NBA Playoffs (TNT)
2009 Stanley Cup Finals (NBC)
2009 World Series (FOX)
2010: 2010 FIFA World Cup Final (ABC)
2010 Breeders' Cup (ESPN)
2010 Masters Tournament (CBS)
2010 NBA Finals (ABC)
2010 Ryder Cup (NBC/USA)
2010 Tour de France (Versus)
2011: 2011 World Series (FOX)
2011 Daytona 500 (FOX)
2011 FIFA Women's World Cup Final (ESPN)
20
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outstanding%20Live%20Sports%20Series
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The Sports Emmy Award for Outstanding Live Sports Series has been awarded since 1976. Unlike the award for Outstanding Live Sports Special, this award is given to networks for a weekly series in which a specific sport is televised live.
List of winners
1975-76: Monday Night Football (ABC)
1976-77: The NFL Today/NFL on CBS (CBS)
1977-78: The NFL Today/NFL on CBS (CBS)
1978-79: Monday Night Football (ABC)
1979-80: College Football on ABC (ABC)
1980-81: PGA Golf Tour (CBS)
1981-82: NFL on CBS (CBS)
1982-83: NFL on CBS (CBS)
1983-84: no award was given
1984-85: no award was given
1985-86: no award was given
1986-87: NFL on CBS (CBS)
1987-88: Monday Night Football (ABC)
1988: CBS's coverage of the 1988 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament (CBS)
1989: Monday Night Football (ABC)
1990: CBS's coverage of the 1990 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament (CBS)
1991: CBS's coverage of the 1991 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament (CBS)
1992: CBS's coverage of the 1992 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament (CBS)
1993: Monday Night Football (ABC)
1994: Monday Night Football (ABC)
1995: ESPN SpeedWorld (ESPN)
1996: ESPN SpeedWorld (ESPN)
1997: Monday Night Football (ABC)
1998: NBC Golf Tour (NBC)
1999: Major League Baseball on Fox regular season coverage (FOX)
2000: ESPN Sunday Night Football (ESPN)
2001: NASCAR on Fox (FOX)
2002: The NBA on NBC (NBC)
2003: ESPN Sunday Night Football (ESPN)
2004: Monday Night Football (ABC)
ESPN Sunday Night Football (ESPN)
INDY Racing League (ABC/ESPN)
MLB on Fox (FOX)
2005: NASCAR on Fox (FOX)
ESPN College Football (ESPN)
ESPN Sunday Night Football (ESPN)
Monday Night Football (ABC)
NFL on CBS (CBS)
2006: NASCAR on NBC / TNT (NBC/TNT)
ESPN College Football (ESPN)
ESPN Major League Baseball (ESPN)
HBO PPV Boxing (HBO)
Monday Night Football (ESPN)
2007: NASCAR on Fox (FOX)
Monday Night Football (ESPN)
NBA on ESPN (ESPN) / NBA on ABC (ABC)
NBC Golf Tour (NBC)
NBC Sunday Night Football (NBC)
NFL on Fox (FOX)
2008: NBC Sunday Night Football (NBC)
ESPN College Football (ABC)
Monday Night Football (ESPN)
NASCAR on Fox (FOX)
NASCAR on TNT Summer Series (TNT)
2009: NBC Sunday Night Football (NBC)
College Football on CBS (CBS)
Grand Slam Tennis on ESPN (ESPN)
NASCAR on TNT Summer Series (TNT)
PGA Tour on CBS (CBS)
2010: NBC Sunday Night Football (NBC)
ESPN College Football (ESPN)
Monday Night Football (ESPN)
NASCAR on Fox (FOX) / NASCAR on Speed (Speed)
NFL on Fox (FOX)
2011: NBC Sunday Night Football (NBC)
HBO WCB/PPV Boxing (HBO)
MLB on Fox (FOX)
Monday Night Football (ESPN)
NBA on TNT (TNT)
2012: NBC Sunday Night Football (NBC)
Monday Night Football (ESPN)
NASCAR on Fox (FOX) / NASCAR on Speed (Speed)
NBA on TNT (TNT)
NFL on Fox (FOX)
2013: NBC Sunday Night Football (NBC)
ESPN College Football (ABC)
HBO Boxing (HBO)
Monday Night Football (ESPN)
SEC on CBS (CBS)
2014: NASCAR on Fox (FOX/Fox Sports 1)
ESPN College Football (ABC/ESPN/SEC Network)
Monday Night Football
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BET%20Awards
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The BET Awards are an American award show that was established in 2001 by the Black Entertainment Television network to celebrate black entertainers and other minorities in music, film, sports and philanthropy. The awards, which are presented annually, are broadcast live on BET. The annual presentation ceremony features performances by artists; some of the awards of more popular interest are presented in a televised ceremony.
Trophy
The Award Trophy, inspired by three words - aspire, ascend, achieve, was designed by artist/sculptor Carlos "Mare139" Rodriguez. Outkast won the first award trophy during the first ceremony in 2001. In 2007, Society Awards, the New York firm who manufactures the award, enhanced the quality of the trophy design using plated steel and black crystal.
List of ceremonies
The inaugural ceremony in 2001 was held at the Paris Las Vegas resort on the Las Vegas Strip. From 2002 to 2005, the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood hosted the awards. From 2006 to 2012, the ceremonies were held at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles. The ceremony was moved to the Nokia Theatre at L.A. Live in 2013.
Ratings
Nomination process
The nomination process is handled by a voting academy made up of about 500 people from the music industry, involving the media, and bloggers. BET sends out ballots electronically and voters nominate deserving works and artists in all categories who they think should be nominated. Nominations and voting ballots are collated by Yangaroo, Inc., a leading digital distribution firm that works on many other televised award ceremonies, including those of BET's sister networks under parent company Paramount Global. The top nominees are determined in each category, and the winners are selected via the academy members' voting process.
Award categories
Current awards
Music
Album of the Year
Video of the Year
Viewer's Choice Award
Best Collaboration
Best Female Hip-Hop Artist
Best Male Hip-Hop Artist
Best Female R&B/Pop Artist
Best Male R&B Artist
Artist of the Year
Best New Artist
Dr. Bobby Jones Best Gospel/Inspirational Award
BET Her Award
Best International Act
Best New International Act
Film
Best Movie
Best Actress
Best Actor
Sports
Sportswoman of the Year
Sportsman of the Year
Miscellaneous
Video Director of the Year
YoungStars Award
Defunct awards
Best Actor & Actress of the Year
Best Gospel Artist
J Cool Like That Award
J Award
Centric Award
Best International Act: Africa
Best International Act: UK
FANdemonium Award
International Viewers' Choice Award
Best International Act: Europe
Special awards
The BET Lifetime Achievement, Humanitarian and Ultimate Icon Award recipients, along with the nominees for other categories are announced in a press conference. At the awards ceremony a mini-documentary is shown covering the honorees' life. The awards are given out separately. The Ultimate Icon Award was created in 2015 and presented in the ceremony.
Lifetime Achievement
The BET Lifetime Achieve
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Hanson%20%28computer%20scientist%29
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David R. Hanson is a software engineer who worked at Google until he retired in January 2012, working in programming languages, compilers, software tools, and programming environments. Before joining Google, he was with Microsoft Research, Princeton, University of Arizona, and Yale. He has written many journal and conference papers and two books: A Retargetable C Compiler: Design and Implementation with Christopher Fraser, which describes lcc, a widely used compiler for Standard C, and C Interfaces and Implementations: Techniques for Creating Reusable Software.
Hanson is largely responsible for designing and implementing the "View as Slideshow" feature for PowerPoint and attachments in Google's Gmail system.
Hanson enjoys skiing and cycling. He also builds furniture.
Additionally, Hanson is well known among Tufts University students for his confusing yet efficient implementations of various data structures.
References
External links
Home page for David R. Hanson
List of publications from the DBLP Bibliography Server
lcc web site
C Interfaces and Implementations web site
Hanson, David R.
Princeton University faculty
University of Arizona faculty
Yale University faculty
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20astronomical%20societies
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A list of notable groups devoted to promoting astronomy research and education.
International
International Astronomical Union (IAU)
International Meteor Organization
Network for Astronomy School Education
The Planetary Society
Africa
African Astronomical Society
Astronomical Society of Southern Africa
Asia
China
Chinese Astronomical Society
India
Akash Mitra Mandal
Astronomical Society of India
Bangalore Astronomical Society (BAS)
Confederation of Indian Amateur Astronomers
IUCAA
Jyotirvidya Parisanstha
Khagol Mandal
Khagol Vishwa
Turkey
SpaceTurk
Europe
European Astronomical Society
European Association for Astronomy Education
France
Société astronomique de France
Société Française d'Astronomie et d'Astrophysique (SF2A)
Germany
Astronomische Gesellschaft
Greece
Hellenic Astronomical Society
Ireland
Irish Astronomical Society
Irish Federation of Astronomical Societies
Italy
Unione Astrofili Italiani
Norway
Norwegian Astronomical Society
Poland
Polish Astronomical Society
Serbia
Astronomical Society Ruđer Bošković
United Kingdom
Airdrie Astronomical Association
Astronomical Society of Edinburgh
Astronomical Society of Glasgow
Astronomy Centre
British Astronomical Association
Crayford Manor House Astronomical Society
Federation of Astronomical Societies
Kielder Observatory Astronomical Society
Liverpool Astronomical Society
Manchester Astronomical Society
Mexborough & Swinton Astronomical Society
North Essex Astronomical Society
Northumberland Astronomical Society
Nottingham Astronomical Society
Royal Astronomical Society
Society for Popular Astronomy
Society for the History of Astronomy
North America
Canada
Canadian Astronomical Society
Royal Astronomical Society of Canada
Mexico
Astrofisicos en Accion
Nibiru Sociedad Astronomica
United States
Amateur Astronomers Association of Pittsburgh
American Association of Variable Star Observers
American Astronomical Society (AAS)
American Meteor Society
Association of Lunar and Planetary Observers
Astronomical League
Astronomical Society of the Pacific
Birmingham Astronomical Society
Escambia Amateur Astronomers Association
Indiana Astronomical Society
Kaua‘i Educational Association for Science and Astronomy
Kopernik Astronomical Society
Louisville Astronomical Society
Milwaukee Astronomical Society
Mohawk Valley Astronomical Society
NASA Night Sky Network
SETI Institute
Shreveport-Bossier Astronomical Society
Southern Cross Astronomical Society
Oceania
Australia
Astronomical Society of Australia
Astronomical Society of New South Wales
Astronomical Society of South Australia
Astronomical Society of Victoria
Northern Sydney Astronomical Society
Macarthur Astronomical Society
Sutherland Astronomical Society
New Zealand
Dunedin Astronomical Society
Royal Astronomical Society of New Zealand
Whakatane Astronomical Society
South America
Brazil
Sociedade Astronômica Brasileira
See also
Amateur astronomy organizations by name
Astronomy organizations by name
Lists of organizations
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellen%20Spertus
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Ellen R. Spertus is an American computer scientist who is currently the Elinor Kilgore Snyder Professor of computer science at Mills College, Oakland, California, and a former senior research scientist at Google.
Early life and education
Spertus grew up in Glencoe, Illinois, where she attended New Trier High School.
At MIT she received a Bachelor of Science in computer science and engineering in 1990, a Master of Science in electrical engineering and computer science in 1992, and a Doctor of Philosophy in electrical engineering and computer science in 1998, with a Ph.D. thesis entitled ParaSite: mining the structural information on the World-Wide Web.
Career
Spertus has written articles treating both technical and social subjects, often combining the two. In 1993, she was profiled in The New York Times as one of the "women who might change the face of the computer industry" and in a follow-up article in 2003. In 2001, she was named "The Sexiest Geek Alive".
While at Google, Spertus spent her time working on App Inventor for Android, a block based development platform with a graphical user interface (GUI) that lets developers and amateurs create applications for Android. In May 2011, O'Reilly Media published the book App Inventor, which Spertus co-authored with David Wolber, Hal Abelson, and Liz Looney. She spent several summers between terms working for Microsoft.
Spertus was a lessee of one of the approximately 1,000 General Motors EV1s. She is married to computer scientist Keith Golden.
In 2014, she went on Sabbatical from Mills to work with Google for the development of the Blockly programming environment.
References
External links
, Mills College: Mathematics & Computer Science
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
MIT School of Engineering alumni
Google employees
American women computer scientists
American computer scientists
New Trier High School alumni
Mills College faculty
American women academics
21st-century American women
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allume%20Systems
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Allume Systems was a software developer, founded in 1988 by David Schargel and Jonathan Kahn in New York City as Aladdin Systems to develop, publish and distribute software for personal computers. Aladdin Systems was incorporated in January 1989.
In April 2004, the company was acquired by PC software publisher International Microcomputer Software Inc. (IMSI). A few months later in July, the company was forced to change its name from Aladdin Systems as part of a settlement of a trademark lawsuit with Aladdin Knowledge Systems. In 2005, Allume Systems was acquired by Smith Micro Software from IMSI.
Products
As Aladdin Systems, they originally developed exclusively for Macintosh, focusing on data compression and management utilities, such as the StuffIt family of compression utilities and the StuffIt InstallerMaker delivery suite, the ShrinkWrap disk image utility, and its Spring Cleaning system optimization utility.
As Aladdin Systems, the company purchased the ShrinkWrap disk image utility from Macintosh shareware developer Chad Magendanz in 1996.
As early as 1995, Allume began to release some elements of StuffIt to Windows while not releasing the full StuffIt for Windows until 2000. StuffIt was later ported to both Linux and Solaris in 2001. Under Smith Micro, both Unix products have since been discontinued.
By this time, Allume began to publish or distribute a full line of graphics, imaging, internet security, and utility software.
In response to the success of the popular marine aquarium fishtank simulator, they have also released their own line of fish sims known as Aquazone, which is not affiliated with the discontinued fish tank computer simulation from 9003.inc by the same name.
Smith Micro's latest versions of StuffIt are StuffIt Deluxe 2010 for Windows and StuffIt Deluxe 16 for Mac.
References
External links
Smith Micro Software
Watsonville, California
Companies based in Santa Cruz County, California
Software companies established in 1988
2005 mergers and acquisitions
Defunct software companies of the United States
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCLM
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SCLM may refer to:
IBM Software Configuration and Library Manager, a set of programs for IBM mainframe computers
Subcontinental lithospheric mantle, in geology
SCLM, the ICAO code for Las Mercedes Airport (Chile)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adidas%201
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The Adidas 1 was a running shoe made by German multinational corporation Adidas, introduced in early 2005. It was the second general consumer sneaker to incorporate a computer, after the Adidas 'Micropacer' in 1984. The shoe was later discontinued and later followed by the Adidas_1 basketball shoe, introduced in 2006.
Overview
Requiring three years of development prior to release, the shoe adjusted itself after four strikes stride, using a motor in the middle of the sole. The motor turned a screw, which in turn lengthened or shortens a cable, changing the compression characteristics of the heel pad.
The shoe retailed for $250 in the U.S. at launch. The changes were guided by a sensor in the heel, which determined how much the heel was compressed on each stride. The shoe was battery-powered, and lasted for approximately 100 hours of running.
On 25 November 2005, Adidas released a new version of the Adidas 1. There was an increased range of cushioning and a new motor with 153% more torque in the IL 1.1 upgrade.
See also
Hello Tomorrow, television commercial for this shoe
References
Adidas
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daphne%20Koller
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Daphne Koller (; born August 27, 1968) is an Israeli-American computer scientist. She was a professor in the department of computer science at Stanford University and a MacArthur Foundation fellowship recipient. She is one of the founders of Coursera, an online education platform. Her general research area is artificial intelligence and its applications in the biomedical sciences. Koller was featured in a 2004 article by MIT Technology Review titled "10 Emerging Technologies That Will Change Your World" concerning the topic of Bayesian machine learning.
Education
Koller received a bachelor's degree from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1985, at the age of 17, and a master's degree from the same institution in 1986, at the age of 18. She completed her PhD at Stanford in 1993 under the supervision of Joseph Halpern.
Career and research
After her PhD, Koller did postdoctoral research at University of California, Berkeley from 1993 to 1995 under Stuart J. Russell, and joined the faculty of the Stanford University computer science department in 1995. She was named a MacArthur Fellow in 2004. She was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2011 for contributions to representation, inference, and learning in probabilistic models with applications to robotics, vision, and biology. She was also elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2014 and as a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2023.
In April 2008, Koller was awarded the first ever $150,000 ACM-Infosys Foundation Award in Computing Sciences.
She and Andrew Ng, a fellow Stanford computer science professor in the AI lab, founded Coursera in 2012. She served as the co-CEO with Ng, and then as president of Coursera. She was recognized for her contributions to online education by being named one of Newsweeks 10 Most Important People in 2010, Time magazine's 100 Most Influential People in 2012, and Fast Companys Most Creative People in 2014.
She left Coursera in 2016 to become chief computing officer at Calico. In 2018, she left Calico to start and lead Insitro, a drug discovery startup. The company operates an automated lab equipment running on algorithms that use its own in vitro disease models. The process allows the combination of machine learning and genomics to predict as well as test treatments for diseases.
Koller is primarily interested in representation, inference, learning, and decision making, with a focus on applications to computer vision and computational biology. Along with Suchi Saria and Anna Penn of Stanford University, Koller developed PhysiScore, which uses various data elements to predict whether premature babies are likely to have health issues.
Koller’s work on artificial intelligence builds on an 18th-century theorem about probability based on the Bayes rule named after the mathematician Thomas Bayes. The approach underpins the process of transforming a current assumption about an event into a more accurate assumpt
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAC%20programming%20language
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SAC (Single Assignment C) is a strict purely functional programming language whose design is focused on the needs of numerical applications. Emphasis is laid on efficient support for array processing via data parallelism. Efficiency concerns are essentially twofold. On the one hand, efficiency in program development is to be improved by the opportunity to specify array operations on a high level of abstraction. On the other hand, efficiency in program execution, i.e. the runtime performance of programs, in time and memory consumption, is still to be achieved by sophisticated compilation schemes. Only as far as the latter succeeds, the high-level style of specifications can actually be called useful.
To facilitate compiling to efficiently executable code, certain functional language features which are not considered essential for numerical applications, e.g. higher-order functions, polymorphism, or lazy evaluation, are not (yet) supported by SAC. These may be found in general-purpose functional languages, e.g. Haskell, Clean, Miranda, or ML.
To overcome the acceptance problems encountered by other functional or array based languages intended for numerical / array intensive applications, e.g. SISAL, NESL, Nial, APL, J, or K, particular regard is paid to ease the transition from a C / Fortran like programming environment to SAC.
In more detail, the basic language design goals of SAC are to:
provide a purely functional language with a syntax very similar to that of C in order to ease, for a large community of programmers, the transition from an imperative to a functional programming style;
support multi-dimensional arrays as first class objects;
allow the specification of shape- and dimension-invariant array operations;
provide high-level array operations that liberate programming from tedious and error-prone specifications of starts, stops and strides for array traversals thereby improving code reusability and programming productivity, in general.
incorporate a module system that allows for separate compilation, separate name spaces, and abstract data types, and, additionally, provides an interface to foreign languages in order to enable reuse of existing code;
provide means for a smooth integration of states and state modifications into the functional paradigm based on uniqueness types;
use the module system, the foreign language interface, and the integration of states in order to create a standard library which provides a functionality similar to that of the standard C libraries, e.g. powerful I/O facilities or mathematical functions;
facilitate the compilation to host machine code which can be efficiently executed both in terms of time and space demand;
facilitate the compilation for non-sequential program execution in multiprocessor environments.
References
External links
The SAC Home Page
Array programming languages
C programming language family
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Might%20and%20Magic%20VII%3A%20For%20Blood%20and%20Honor
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Might and Magic VII: For Blood and Honor is a role-playing game for Windows published in 1999 by 3DO and developed by New World Computing; it was re-released in 2011 on GOG.com. The game follows on from both the events of Heroes of Might and Magic III (a prequel to For Blood and Honor), and those of Might and Magic VI: The Mandate of Heaven. Players form a party of four characters who win a castle in a scavenger hunt and soon become embroiled in political events on the continent of Antagarich, on the world of Enroth, before eventually choosing one of two paths and working alongside a number of characters, whose storyline continues on from the events of Might and Magic III: Isles of Terra. The game, Might and Magic VIII: Day of the Destroyer is a sequel to Blood and Honor.
Gameplay
While much of the gameplay remains the same as it was in Mandate of Heaven, a few improvements and changes were made to a number of prominent parts of the game. Character creation in Blood and Honor received an update from its predecessor by now allowing players to choose a race for each character out of the following four - Dwarves, Elves, Goblins and Humans - while also adding in three new classes to choose from alongside the pre-existing ones - Thief, Monk and Ranger. The skill system also received a major change, with the inclusion of new skills and a new level of expertise - Grandmaster - but also becoming more restrictive than that of the previous title; a character's class not only determines what skills they can learn but now also puts a cap on the level of expertise it can be trained to, meaning that while a Thief could become a Master of the Sword Skill, a Knight can train the skill up to Grandmaster. The change to the skill system, also affects the Magic system of the game, in that while some spells have been removed and new ones included, a character's level of expertise in a school of magic determines what spells can be learned, with weaker spells gaining more bonuses upon training to higher levels of expertise; an example of this new system comes with the "Fly" spell, which only Masters of Air magic can learn, but who can gain the benefit of not draining magic points upon attaining Grandmaster of Air. Along with these changes, the game includes an update to the graphical appearances of enemy sprites, character models and items.
Beside the changes, the game features new additions. The first is the inclusion of making two notable choices, in regards to the political conflict between the elves and humans within the story. While one choice encountered is entirely optional but can determine the fate of their party's realm if completed within a set time limit, the other has a more profound impact on the story and is mandatory; the player has to make a decision on this choice in order to progress in the game's story. This ultimate choice, in regards to finding a successor to Harmondale's Arbiter (the game's version of the Seer from the previous title), defines
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Might%20and%20Magic%20VIII%3A%20Day%20of%20the%20Destroyer
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Might and Magic VIII: Day of the Destroyer is a role-playing video game developed for Microsoft Windows by New World Computing and released in 2000 by The 3DO Company. It is the eighth game in the Might and Magic series. The game received middling critical reviews, a first for the series, with several critics citing the game's length and its increasingly dated game engine, which had been left fundamentally unaltered since Might and Magic VI: The Mandate of Heaven in 1998. The game was later ported to PlayStation 2 in Japan and published by Imagineer on September 6, 2001.
Gameplay
Might and Magic VIII is based on the Might and Magic VI game engine, and many of its elements are strongly similar to the previous two titles in the series. Unlike the previous two games, however, Might and Magic VIII introduces a new party management system that allows all but one of the five possible player characters to be hired, dismissed or re-hired at any time during gameplay. The character class system used in the previous two games has similarly been overhauled, with only the cleric and knight classes remaining. The experience, spells, levelling and skill system present in both previous Might and Magic titles is retained, with only minor updates.
In place of the traditional class system, Might and Magic VIII features non-archetypical playable races. Aside from human knights, clerics and necromancers, available classes include minotaurs, dragons, vampires, dark elves, and trolls, each of whom possesses traits unique to their particular race. As with its two predecessors, the game world is divided into fourteen "regions", including five elemental planes, each of which contains a varying mix of explorable towns, dungeons and wildernesses. Enemies are fought in either real-time or turn-based combat, depending on the player's preference.
Quest system
In typical Might and Magic fashion, the game is fairly non-linear, so quests can be completed at the player's own leisure, though the completion of storyline quests is essential for progression. Dialog, lore and exploration are important to progression in the game, with some dungeons involving relevant puzzles. In addition, side quests and dungeons can warrant rewards if completed, but are not vital to the main storyline. Also, promotion quests can increase the capabilities of particular classes of character.
Like Might and Magic VII, the game includes a system of choices which affect fundamental aspects of gameplay. Throughout the course of the storyline, the player is given opportunities to side with either dragons or dragon hunters, and either sun priests or necromancers. This choice is permanent and affects several quests, NPC reactions and available recruitable characters. However, unlike its prequel, the game's ending sequence is not affected by the outcome of these choices.
Plot
Backstory
Might and Magic VIII takes place on the fictional world of Enroth, upon the continent of Jadame, and acts as a sequel to
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World%20Wide%20Port%20Name
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In computing, a World Wide Port Name, WWPN, or WWpN, is a World Wide Name assigned to a port in a Fibre Channel fabric. Used on storage area networks, it performs a function equivalent to the MAC address in Ethernet protocol, as it is supposed to be a unique identifier in the network.
A WWPN is a World Wide Port Name; a unique identifier for each Fibre Channel port presented to a Storage Area Network (SAN). Each port on a Storage Device has a unique and persistent WWPN.
A World Wide Node Name, WWNN, or WWnN, is a World Wide Name assigned to a node (an endpoint, a device) in a Fibre Channel fabric. It is valid for the same WWNN to be seen on many different ports (different addresses) on the network, identifying the ports as multiple network interfaces of a single network node.
External links
Locating the WWPN for a Linux host
Fibre Channel
Identifiers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabric%20OS
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In storage area networking, Fabric OS is the firmware for Brocade Communications Systems's Fibre Channel switches and Fibre Channel directors. It is also known as FOS.
First generation
The first generation of Fabric OS was developed on top of a VxWorks kernel and was mainly used in the Brocade Silkworm 2000 and first 3000 series on Intel i960. Even today, many production environments are still running the older generation Silkworm models.
Second generation
The second generation of Fabric OS was developed on a PowerPC platform, and uses MontaVista Linux, a Linux derivative with real-time performance enhancements. With the advent of MontaVista, switches and directors have the ability of hot firmware activation (without downtime for Fibre Channel fabric), and many useful diagnostic commands.
According to free software licenses terms, Brocade provides access to sources of distributed free software, on which Fabric OS and other Brocade's software products are based.
Additional licensed products
Additional products for Fabric OS are offered by Brocade for one-time fee. They are licensed for use in a single specific switch (license key is coupled with device's serial number). Those include:
Integrated Routing
Adaptive Networking: Quality of service, Ingress Rate Limiting
Brocade Advanced Zoning (Free with rel 6.1.x)
ISL trunking
Ports on Demand
Extended Fabrics (more than 10 km of switched fabric connectivity, up to 3000 km)
Advanced Performance Monitoring (APM)
Fabric Watch
Secure Fabric OS (obsolete)
VMWare VSPEX integration
Versions
Fabric OS 9.x
9.2:
9.1: Root Access Removal, NTP Server authentication
9.0: Traffic optimizer, Fabric congestion notification, New Web Tools (graphical UI switched from Java to Web)
Fabric OS 8.x
8.2: NVMe capable + REST API
8.1:
8.0: Contains many new software features and enhancements as well as issue resolutions
Fabric OS 7.x
7.4: Switch to Linux 3.10 kernel
7.3:
7.2:
7.1:
7.0:
Fabric OS 6.x
6.4:
6.3: Fillwords 2 and 3 introduced in Fabric OS 6.3.1a
6.2: Virtual Fabrics-capable
6.1: M-EOS compatibility enhancements
6.0: LDAP support
Fabric OS 5.x
5.3: Switch to Linux 2.6 kernel
5.2:
5.1: Access Gateway mode
5.0:
Fabric OS 4.x
4.4:
4.3:
4.2:
4.1: SSH support, Multiple user access
4.0:
Fabric OS 3.x
Fabric OS 2.x
References
Fibre Channel
Internet Protocol based network software
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Showgrounds%20railway%20station%2C%20Perth
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Showgrounds railway station is a railway station on the Transperth network. It is located on the Fremantle line, 8.6 kilometres from Perth station adjacent to the Claremont Showground. It is used only when events are held at the Showground, such as the Royal Show.
History
The original Showgrounds station opened on 2 October 1954 on the north side of the Ashton Avenue road bridge. It consisted of two 180 metre platforms with free standing passenger shelters and small administration/storage rooms for staff operating the station during Perth Royal Show week. The construction was part of the conversion of Perth's passenger train system from steam to diesel power, allowing smaller intervals between stations.
The station closed on 1 September 1979 along with the rest of the Fremantle line, re-opening on 29 July 1983 when services were restored. In March 1994, construction of a new Showgrounds station 400 metres south commenced. It opened on 20 September 1995.
Services
Showgrounds station is served by Transperth Fremantle line services from Fremantle to Perth and Airport line services from Claremont to High Wycombe only during special events, such as the Perth Royal Show.
Showgrounds station saw 82,207 passengers in the 2013–14 financial year.
Platforms
Bus routes
References
External links
Gallery History of Western Australian Railways & Stations
Claremont, Western Australia
Fremantle line
Transperth railway stations
Railway stations in Australia opened in 1954
Railway stations closed in 1995
Railway stations in Australia opened in 1995
Airport line, Perth
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loch%20Street%20railway%20station
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Loch Street railway station is a railway station on the Transperth network. It is located on the Fremantle and Airport lines, eight kilometres from Perth station serving the suburbs of Claremont, Mount Claremont and Karrakatta.
History
Loch Street station opened in 1954. Its construction was part of the conversion of Perth's passenger train system from steam to diesel power, allowing smaller intervals between stations. On 18 August 2002, Loch Street had its regular services limited due to low passenger numbers, closeness to Karrakatta station (500 metres) and, prior to May 2009, the length of its platforms. The platforms weren't long enough to accommodate four car train sets, resulting in alternate trains skipping the station. Only two car train sets stopped, at night and on weekends. In May 2009, work to extend the platforms was completed.
Since 10 October 2022, the station has been served by Airport line services in addition to the pre-existing Fremantle line services.
Services
Loch Street station is served by the Airport and Fremantle lines on the Transperth network. Services are operated by Transperth Train Operations, a division of the PTA. The Fremantle line runs between Fremantle station and Perth station, continuing past Perth as the Midland line. The Airport line, which commenced regular services on 10 October 2022, goes between High Wycombe station and Claremont station.
Airport line and Fremantle line trains stop at Loch Street every 12 minutes each during peak hour for a combined frequency of a train every 6 minutes. Outside peak hour and on weekends and public holidays, each line has a train every 15 minutes for a combined frequency of 7.5 minutes. Late at night, each line has a half-hourly or hourly frequency.
Loch Street station saw 70,656 passengers in the 2013–14 financial year, making it the second least used station on the Fremantle line, beaten only by its neighbour Karrakatta.
References
Fremantle line
Transperth railway stations
Railway stations in Australia opened in 1954
Airport line, Perth
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karrakatta%20railway%20station
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Karrakatta railway station is a railway station on the Transperth network in Western Australia. It is located on the Airport line and Fremantle line, from Perth station serving the suburb of Karrakatta.
History
Karrakatta station opened in 1886. The station closed on 1 September 1979 along with the rest of the Fremantle line, re-opening on 29 July 1983 when services were restored.
The station has received Airport line services since 10 October 2022.
Services
Karrakatta station is served by the Airport and Fremantle lines on the Transperth network. Services are operated by Transperth Train Operations, a division of the PTA. The Fremantle line runs between Fremantle station and Perth station, continuing past Perth as the Midland line. The Airport line, which commenced regular services on 10 October 2022, goes between High Wycombe station and Claremont station.
Airport line and Fremantle line trains stop at Karrakatta every 12 minutes each during peak hour for a combined frequency of a train every 6 minutes. Outside peak hour and on weekends and public holidays, each line has a train every 15 minutes for a combined frequency of 7.5 minutes. Late at night, each line has a half-hourly or hourly frequency.
Karrakatta station saw 66,562 passengers in the 2013–14 financial year, making it the least used station on the Fremantle line.
References
Fremantle line
Transperth railway stations
Railway stations in Australia opened in 1886
Karrakatta, Western Australia
Airport line, Perth
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual%20UFO%20Network
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The Mutual UFO Network (MUFON) is a US-based non-profit organization composed of civilian volunteers who study reported UFO sightings. It is one of the oldest and largest organizations of its kind, claiming more than 4,000 members worldwide with chapters and representatives in more than 43 countries and all 50 states. The organization has been criticized for its focus on pseudoscience, and critics say its investigators fail to use the scientific method.
History
MUFON, Inc. was originally established as the Midwest UFO Network on 31 May 1969, in Quincy, Illinois, by Allen R. Utke, Walter H. Andrus, Jr., John F. Schuessler, and others. Most of MUFON's early members were associated with the SKYLOOK newsletter of Stover, Missouri and the Aerial Phenomena Research Organization (APRO), formerly of Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin. MUFON was renamed the Mutual UFO Network in 1973 because of its expansion to other states and countries.
In July 2020, MUFON Executive Director Jan Harzan, who at a 2013 symposium claimed to have been visited as a child by a "humming" alien, was arrested in Newport Beach, California, on charges of soliciting sex from a law enforcement detective posing as a 13-year-old girl. In response to the arrest, MUFON leadership reported that Harzan had been "permanently removed" as the organization's Executive Director, and "[Harzan] will no longer serve any role in the organization."
Operation
MUFON is currently headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio, has chapters in every U.S. state, and claims to have over 4,000 members worldwide. It holds an annual international symposium and publishes the monthly MUFON UFO Journal. In 2015, MUFON founded Mutual UFO Network University, an unaccredited online institution which seeks to train members to investigate UFO sightings.
The group claims more than 500 field investigators and specialized teams to investigate possible physical evidence of extraterrestrial craft. The network trains volunteers to interview witnesses, perform research, and draw conclusions from the evidence. Although investigators are not paid, they must pass both an exam based on a 265-page manual, and a background check. MUFON features a newsroom and case management system on its website.
Criticism
Pseudoscience
According to science writer Sharon A. Hill, MUFON's focus is "decidedly unscientific with talks on alien abduction, conspiracy theories, human-ET hybrids, hypnotic regression, and repressed memories", and reflects "a wide range of pseudoscience". MUFON has been the subject of criticism for drifting away from their original "nuts and bolts UFO investigation" into "bizarre conspiracy and exopolitics talk". The organization receives large numbers of UFO reports every year; the qualifications of the amateur volunteers examining the reports, however, have been questioned. Hill wrote that MUFON's idea of scientific researchers "appears to be people who are not scientists or propose fantastic, anti-science tales".
Officers and dono
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subiaco%20railway%20station
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Subiaco railway station is a railway station on the Transperth network in Western Australia. It is located on the Fremantle line and Airport line, from Perth station serving the suburbs of Subiaco and Wembley.
History
Subiaco station opened in 1883. The station closed on 1 September 1979 along with the rest of the Fremantle line, re-opening on 29 July 1983 when services were restored. Up until the 1980s there was a freight receiving depot at this station, and a third platform.
As part of the Subi Centro project, of rail line and the station were sunk in 1997–98. The new station opened on 12 December 1998. The project costed $35 million in total. The elevated signal cabin was restored and relocated to Whiteman Village Junction on the Bennett Brook Railway in January 2000.
Until the opening of the William Street platforms at Perth station in October 2007, it was the only underground railway station on the Transperth network.
Services
Subiaco station is served by Transperth Fremantle line services from Fremantle to Perth that continue through to Midland via the Midland line.
Since 10 October 2022, the station has received Airport line services.
Subiaco station saw 975,390 passengers in the 2013–14 financial year.
Platforms
Bus routes
References
Fremantle line
Transperth railway stations
Railway stations in Australia opened in 1883
Subiaco, Western Australia
Railway stations located underground in Perth, Western Australia
Transperth bus stations
Airport line, Perth
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West%20Leederville%20railway%20station
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West Leederville railway station is on the Transperth network in Western Australia. It is located on the Fremantle line and Airport line, 2.7 kilometres from Perth station on the boundary between West Leederville and Subiaco. It was the main station for the former Subiaco Oval containing a special event platform no longer in use.
History
A station at West Leederville was not part of the original Eastern Railway between Fremantle and Guildford when it opened on 1 March 1881. A realigned track through the new Leederville Cutting between West Leederville and West Perth station was opened for traffic on 9 June 1897, and on 12 July the station was opened as Leederville. The station was renamed West Leederville on 1 February 1913 to reflect the name of the local area.
The station closed on 1 September 1979 along with the rest of the Fremantle line, re-opening on 29 July 1983 when services were restored. In 2005, the platforms were extended to accommodate six carriage trains used on match days at Subiaco Oval. In 2007, a third platform was added on a stabling siding to the west of the existing platforms. When Subiaco Oval closed in 2017 Platform 3 was abandoned as there was no longer a need to use it. It is still occasionally used as a siding to stable a train.
Services
West Leederville station is linked by Transperth Fremantle line services from Fremantle to Perth that continue through to Midland via the Midland line, and Airport line services from Claremont to High Wycombe.
Since 10 October 2022, the station has also received Airport line services.
During events at Subiaco Oval, West Leederville was also linked with Mandurah line services.
West Leederville station saw 223,313 passengers in the 2013–14 financial year.
Platforms
References
External links
Gallery History of Western Australian Railways & Stations
Fremantle line
Leederville, Western Australia
Transperth railway stations
Railway stations in Australia opened in 1897
Airport line, Perth
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City%20West%20railway%20station
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City West railway station is a railway station on the Transperth network in Western Australia. It is located on the Fremantle line and Airport line, 1.6 kilometres from Perth station serving the suburb of West Perth.
History
The original West Perth station opened in 1883 as North Perth. It was renamed West Perth in 1890. The station closed on 1 September 1979 along with the rest of the Fremantle line, re-opening on 29 July 1983 when services were restored. On 18 June 1986, a new West Perth station opened on the other side of the West Perth Subway. It was renamed City West on 19 November 1987 in conjunction with the opening of an adjacent Parry Corporation commercial development of the same name. It is now a major transport option for students of the nearby Perth Modern School.
Services
City West station is served by Transperth Fremantle line services from Fremantle to Perth that continue through to Midland via the Midland line, and Airport line services from Claremont to High Wycombe.
It has received Airport line services since 10 October 2022.
City West station saw 514,121 passengers in the 2013–14 financial year.
Platforms
Bus routes
References
External links
Gallery History of Western Australian Railways & Stations
Fremantle line
Transperth railway stations
Railway stations in Australia opened in 1986
West Perth, Western Australia
Airport line, Perth
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link%20Control%20Protocol
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In computer networking, the Link Control Protocol (LCP) forms part of the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), within the family of Internet protocols. In setting up PPP communications, both the sending and receiving devices send out LCP packets to determine the standards of the ensuing data transmission.
The protocol:
checks the identity of the linked device and either accepts or rejects the device
determines the acceptable packet size for transmission
searches for errors in configuration
can terminate the link if requirements exceed the parameters
Devices cannot use PPP to transmit data over a network until the LCP packet determines the acceptability of the link, but LCP packets are embedded into PPP packets and therefore a basic PPP connection has to be established before LCP can reconfigure it.
LCP over PPP packets have control code 0xC021 and their info field contains the LCP packet, which has four fields (Code, ID, Length and Data).
Code: Operation requested: configure link, terminate link, and acknowledge and deny codes
Data: Parameters for the operation
External links
: PPP LCP Extensions
: The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
: PPP Reliable Transmission
Link protocols
Internet Standards
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aladin%20Sky%20Atlas
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Aladin is an interactive software sky atlas, created in France. It allows the user to visualize digitized astronomical images, superimpose entries from astronomical catalogues or databases, and interactively access related data and information from the SIMBAD database, the VizieR service and other archives for all known sources in the field.
Created in 1999, Aladin has become a widely used VO portal capable of addressing challenges such as locating data of interest, accessing and exploring distributed datasets, visualizing multi-wavelength data. Compliance with existing or emerging VO standards, interconnection with other visualisation or analysis tools, and ability to easily compare heterogeneous data are key features allowing Aladin to be a powerful data exploration and integration tool, and a science enabler.
Aladin is developed and maintained by the Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg (CDS) and released under the GNU GPL v3.
See also
Centre national de la recherche scientifique
Observatory of Strasbourg
SKY-MAP.ORG
Stellarium
References
External links
The Aladin Sky Atlas home page
Free astronomy software
Star atlases
Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg
1999 software
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VTBL
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VTBL may refer to:
Khok Kathiam Air Force Base (ICAO airport code)
a virtual method table (vtable), a mechanism used in a programming language to support dynamic dispatch
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ping%20of%20death
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A ping of death is a type of attack on a computer system that involves sending a malformed or otherwise malicious ping to a computer.
A correctly formed ping packet is typically 56 bytes in size, or 64 bytes when the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) header is considered, and 84 bytes including Internet Protocol (IP) version 4 header. However, any IPv4 packet (including pings) may be as large as 65,535 bytes. Some computer systems were never designed to properly handle a ping packet larger than the maximum packet size because it violates the Internet Protocol. Like other large but well-formed packets, a ping of death is fragmented into groups of 8 octets before transmission. However, when the target computer reassembles the malformed packet, a buffer overflow can occur, causing a system crash and potentially allowing the injection of malicious code.
In early implementations of TCP/IP, this bug is easy to exploit and can affect a wide variety of systems including Unix, Linux, Mac, Windows, and peripheral devices. As systems began filtering out pings of death through firewalls and other detection methods, a different kind of ping attack known as ping flooding later appeared, which floods the victim with so many ping requests that normal traffic fails to reach the system (a basic denial-of-service attack).
Detailed information
The maximum packet length of an IPv4 packet including the IP header is 65,535 (216 − 1) bytes, a limitation presented by the use of a 16-bit wide IP header field that describes the total packet length.
The underlying data link layer almost always poses limits to the maximum frame size (See MTU). In Ethernet, this is typically 1500 bytes. In such a case, a large IP packet is split across multiple IP packets (also known as IP fragments), so that each IP fragment will match the imposed limit. The receiver of the IP fragments will reassemble them into the complete IP packet and continue processing it as usual.
When fragmentation is performed, each IP fragment needs to carry information about which part of the original IP packet it contains. This information is kept in the Fragment Offset field, in the IP header. The field is 13 bits long, and contains the offset of the data in the current IP fragment, in the original IP packet. The offset is given in units of 8 bytes. This allows a maximum offset of 65,528 ((213-1)*8). Then when adding 20 bytes of IP header, the maximum will be 65,548 bytes, which exceeds the maximum frame size. This means that an IP fragment with the maximum offset should have data no larger than 7 bytes, or else it would exceed the limit of the maximum packet length. A malicious user can send an IP fragment with the maximum offset and with much more data than 8 bytes (as large as the physical layer allows it to be).
When the receiver assembles all IP fragments, it will end up with an IP packet which is larger than 65,535 bytes. This may possibly overflow memory buffers which the receiver allocated
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon%20Genesis%20Evangelion%3A%20Shinji%20Ikari%20Raising%20Project
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is a life simulation computer game based on the anime series, Neon Genesis Evangelion. The player assumes control of both Shinji Ikari and Misato Katsuragi, the protagonists of the aforementioned anime series, to "raise" Shinji. This is done through making him complete a number of different tasks. Shinji Ikari Raising Project is the second and final entry in the Raising Project series of Evangelion games, preceded by Neon Genesis Evangelion: Ayanami Raising Project in 2001. Both games bear a strong similarity to publisher Gainax's Princess Maker series. The game was released officially in Japanese and Korean, and has received fan translations into English and Russian. The game was written by Nobuaki Takerube, and its artwork was drawn by Kengo Yonekura and Dream Japan Co., Ltd.
A manga series of the same name, by Takahashi Osamu, was serialized in Shōnen Ace and published by Kadokawa between March 2005 and May 2016. It totaled 18 volumes in length.
Both the game and manga introduce three new female Nerv technicians: (voiced by Ai Shimizu), (voiced by Maria Yamamoto), and (voiced by Yui Horie).
Plot
The game features three main story routes, known as Thanatos, Pathos and Campus, respectively. Each route goes for a different amount of "episodes", which can last between two and eight weeks of in-game time and focus on a specific segment of the story. Which route the player ends up on is primarily determined by the hidden Independence parameter.
The Thanatos route loosely adapts the story of the original show and spans 26 episodes. The first seven episodes of this route are compulsory in every playthrough. Like the original series, this route sees main character, Shinji, summoned to Nerv by his estranged father, Gendo Ikari, and tasked with piloting an Evangelion unit. He is placed under care of Misato Katsuragi, who functions as his guardian and parental figure. He and the other pilots, Rei Ayanami and later, Asuka Langley Soryu, must fight alien-like beings called Angels in order to prevent a disaster called the "Third Impact" from occurring. While it cuts out and changes certain things from the original series, the Thanatos route does not diverge from Neon Genesis Evangelion's plot in a substantial way. It adapts up to a brief version of "The Beast That Shouted "I" At The Heart of the World", and most endings it can culminate in resemble the final scene of The End of Evangelion
After episode 7, the player will have the ability to move to and from Thanatos and the Pathos route, a version of events which follows basically the same plot outline but in a more comedic fashion. This route sees Shinji and the other characters doing a number of recreational activities to progress in the story, such as selling ice-cream, camping and synchronized swimming. This route also sees both Toji Suzuhara and Kensuke Aida becoming Eva pilots. It culminates in the Third Impact being prevented, as well as a number of additional, optional endings determined by
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenPlay
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OpenPlay is the name of an open-source cross-platform networking library created by Apple Inc. OpenPlay compiles and runs on the Classic Mac OS, macOS, Windows and Linux operating systems. OpenPlay is a high-level networking solution for game applications. It is known for its abstraction of game and player on top of an automatically managed networking core.
As of version 2.0, it includes the NetSprockets API from Mac OS 9. NetSprockets, a subset of Apple's now obsolete Game Sprockets, was created by Apple and Bungie. NetSprockets was ported to OpenPlay by Freeverse Software .
See also
Grapple (network layer)
RakNet
References
External links
OpenPlay project page on SourceForge
OpenPlay project page on GitHub
Application programming interfaces
Linux APIs
macOS APIs
Software using the Apple Public Source License
Video game engines
Windows APIs
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob%20T.%20Schwartz
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Jacob Theodore "Jack" Schwartz (January 9, 1930 – March 2, 2009) was an American mathematician, computer scientist, and professor of computer science at the New York University Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences. He was the designer of the SETL programming language and started the NYU Ultracomputer project. He founded the New York University Department of Computer Science, chairing it from 1964 to 1980.
Early life
Schwartz was born in The Bronx, New York on January 9, 1930, to Ignatz and Hedwig Schwartz. He attended Stuyvesant High School and went on to City College of New York.
Education
Schwartz received his B.S. (1949) from the City College of New York and his M.A. (1949) and Ph.D. in mathematics (1952) from Yale University. His doctoral thesis was entitled Linear Elliptic Differential Operators and his thesis advisor was Nelson Dunford.
Career
Schwartz's research interests included the theory of linear operators, von Neumann algebras, quantum field theory, time-sharing, parallel computing, programming language design and implementation, robotics, set-theoretic approaches in computational logic, proof and program verification systems; multimedia authoring tools; experimental studies of visual perception; multimedia and other high-level software techniques for analysis and visualization of bioinformatic data.
Schwartz authored 18 books and more than 100 papers and technical reports. He was also the inventor of the Artspeak programming language, which historically ran on mainframes and produced graphical output using a single-color graphical plotter.
Schwartz served as chairman of the Computer Science Department (which he founded) at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, from 1969 to 1977. He also served as chairman of the Computer Science Board of the National Research Council and was the former chairman of the National Science Foundation Advisory Committee for Information, Robotics and Intelligent Systems. From 1986 to 1989, he was the director of DARPA's Information Science and Technology Office (DARPA/ISTO) in Arlington, Virginia.
Personal life
Schwartz was previously married to computer scientist Frances E. Allen from 1972 to 1982.
Publications
Nelson Dunford, Jacob T. Schwartz Linear Operators, Part I General Theory , Part II Spectral Theory, Self Adjoint Operators in Hilbert Space , Part III Spectral Operators
Jacob T. Schwartz, Introduction to Matrices and Vectors, McGraw-Hill (1961), Dover Reprint (2001)
Jacob T. Schwartz, Lectures on the Mathematical Method in Analytical Economics, Gordon and Breach (1961), Dover Reprint (2018)
Jacob T. Schwartz, Relativity In Illustrations, New York University Press (1962), Dover Reprint (1989)
Jacob T. Schwartz, Theory of money (Mathematics and its applications), Gordon and Breach (1965)
Jacob T. Schwartz, W-* algebras (Notes on mathematics and its applications), Gordon and Breach (1967),
Jacob T. Schwartz (ed.), Mathematical Aspects of Comput
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBS%20Storybreak
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CBS Storybreak is a Saturday morning anthology television series that originally aired on the CBS network from 1985 to 1989. Hosted by Bob Keeshan (and in its 1993 return by Malcolm-Jamal Warner), the episodes are half-hour animated adaptations of children's books published at the time of airing, including How to Eat Fried Worms. Other episodes included Dragon's Blood and Ratha's Creature. The show grew out of a feature on Keeshan's Captain Kangaroo series.
Unique for an American television series, the series featured open captions captioned by the National Captioning Institute for the hearing impaired during its 1993 reairing, instead of the usual closed captioning. In addition to being a convenience for the hearing-impaired, this also allowed those who could hear to read along with the story.
The episodes were produced by Australia's Southern Star/Hanna-Barbera Australia for CBS Entertainment Productions.
One of its crew members, Sander Schwartz, became the president of Warner Bros. Animation in 2002.
Select episodes were released on home video in 1992 under the title Video Storybreak.
CBS' first in-house cartoon series since their original Terrytoons, it was nominated for an Emmy for Outstanding Animated Program in the 1985–1986 season. It continued in repeats until 1991 and returned to air in reruns (with Jamal-Warner replacing Keeshan as host) from the 1993–94 season to 1997–98 season.
The series featured regular Read More About It project selections from the Library of Congress in Washington DC, that were highlighted at the end of show by both Keeshan and Jamal-Warner.
Episodes
Season 1 (1985)
Season 2 (1985)
Season 3 (1987–1989)
International syndication
Network Ten (Australia)
Channel 5 (Singapore)
See also
The Pagemaster, a film with a similar premise
References
External links
http://www.retrojunk.com/details_tvshows/381-cbs-storybreak/
CBS Storybreak Info and Videos at The Retroist
1980s American animated television series
1980s American anthology television series
1985 American television series debuts
1989 American television series endings
1990s American animated television series
1990s American anthology television series
1993 American television series debuts
1994 American television series endings
American children's animated anthology television series
American children's animated education television series
1985 Australian television series debuts
1989 Australian television series endings
1990s Australian animated television series
1993 Australian television series debuts
1994 Australian television series endings
Australian children's animated education television series
English-language television shows
CBS original programming
Reading and literacy television series
Television series by CBS Studios
Television series by Hanna-Barbera
Television series by Endemol Australia
American television series revived after cancellation
American television series with live action and animation
Australian television seri
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan%20Bowen
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Jonathan P. Bowen FBCS FRSA (born 1956) is a British computer scientist and an Emeritus Professor at London South Bank University, where he headed the Centre for Applied Formal Methods. Prof. Bowen is also the Chairman of Museophile Limited and has been a Professor of Computer Science at Birmingham City University, Visiting Professor at the Pratt Institute (New York City), University of Westminster and King's College London, and a visiting academic at University College London.
Early life and education
Bowen was born in Oxford, the son of Humphry Bowen, and was educated at the Dragon School, Bryanston School, prior to his matriculation at University College, Oxford (Oxford University) where he received the MA degree in Engineering Science.
Career
Bowen later worked at Imperial College, London, the Oxford University Computing Laboratory (now the Oxford University Department of Computer Science), the University of Reading, and London South Bank University. His early work was on formal methods in general, and later the Z notation in particular. He was Chair of the Z User Group from the early 1990s until 2011. In 2002, Bowen was elected Chair of the British Computer Society FACS Specialist Group on Formal Aspects of Computing Science. Since 2005, Bowen has been an Associate Editor-in-Chief of the journal Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering. He is also an associate editor on the editorial board for the ACM Computing Surveys journal, covering software engineering and formal methods. From 2008–9, he was an Associate at Praxis High Integrity Systems, working on a large industrial project using the Z notation.
Bowen's other major interest is the area of online museums. In 1994, he founded the Virtual Library museums pages (VLmp), an online museums directory that was soon adopted by the International Council of Museums (ICOM). In the same year he also started the Virtual Museum of Computing. In 2002, he founded Museophile Limited to help museums, especially online, for example with discussion forums. He has also worked in industry at Oxford Instruments, Marconi Instruments, Logica, Silicon Graphics, and Altran Praxis.
Bowen was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society for the encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce (RSA) in 2002 and of the British Computer Society (BCS) in 2004. He is a Liveryman of the Worshipful Company of Information Technologists and a Freeman of the City of London.
Selected books
Jonathan Bowen has written and edited a number of books, including:
Bowen, J.P., editor, Towards Verified Systems. Elsevier Science, Real-Time Safety Critical Systems series, volume 2, 1994. .
Hinchey, M.G. and Bowen, J.P., editors, Applications of Formal Methods. Prentice Hall International Series in Computer Science, 1995. .
Bowen, J.P., Formal Specification and Documentation using Z: A Case Study Approach. International Thomson Computer Press, International Thomson Publishing, 1996. .
Bowen, J.P. and Hinchey, M.G., editors, High
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formic%20acid%20%28data%20page%29
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This page provides supplementary chemical data on formic acid.
Material Safety Data Sheet
The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source and follow its directions.
MSDS from FLUKA in the SDSdata.org database
Science Stuff
Structure and properties
Thermodynamic properties
Vapor pressure of liquid
Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 44th ed. The "(s)" notation indicates temperature of solid/vapor equilibrium. Otherwise the data is temperature of liquid/vapor equilibrium.
Distillation data
Spectral data
Safety data
References
Chemical data pages
Chemical data pages cleanup
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KMPH-TV
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KMPH-TV (channel 26) is a television station licensed to Visalia, California, United States, serving the Fresno area as an affiliate of the Fox network. It is owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group alongside Sanger-licensed CW affiliate KFRE-TV (channel 59). Both stations share studios on McKinley Avenue in eastern Fresno, while KMPH-TV's transmitter is located on Big Baldy Mountain in northwestern Tulare County.
The station's signal is relayed to the northern part of the market on low-power Class A translator KMPH-CD (originally KMPH-LD from 2007 to 2011), channel 17, licensed to Merced and Mariposa, with transmitter on Mount Bullion. Unlike its parent station, the translator does not broadcast in high definition.
History
Early years
The station first signed on the air on October 11, 1971; originally operating as an independent station (though it ran ABC, NBC, and CBS shows that the local affiliates passed on at times as well), it was the first television station founded by the Pappas brothers, Mike, Pete and Harry, through their company, Pappas Television. The brothers already owned radio stations KGEN (1370 AM) and KBOS (94.9 FM) in Tulare, KMPH's original city of license. The station's original studios were located on Mooney Boulevard in Visalia. The funding for KMPH came from general manager Harry Pappas' plan of having hundreds of investors each investing a small amount of money that was needed to construct the station, rather than having one investor providing all the capital; as a result, the Pappas brothers had a combined ownership stake of only 30.5%, with the other 69.5% controlled by other investors.
KMPH carried Operation Prime Time programming at least in 1978. That year, Harry Pappas formed a new company, Pappas Telecasting, to buy full control of the station for $3.1 million. In 1979, KMPH changed its city of license from Tulare to Visalia. That same year, the station began producing tape delay broadcasts of Fresno State Bulldogs football 1984's NCAA v. Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma decision that brought more freedom for teams to have their games on TV, brought about a handful of road games being telecast live. In 1986, live home games were added to the schedule.
Soon after signing on, KMPH had passed KAIL (then on channel 53, now on channel 7) as the leading independent in the Central Valley. KAIL went dark in 1973 but returned to the air in 1976 as a very low budget operation initially running mostly religion but would gradually build into a major player. Throughout the early to mid-1980s, KMPH was one of the top independent stations in the country. The station could be received up to from Visalia.
Since 1988
Pappas signed an affiliation deal with Fox for KMPH to become an affiliate of the network in 1988; the agreement also covered sister stations WHNS in Greenville, South Carolina, and KPTM in Omaha, Nebraska. At the time, Fresno and Omaha were the only two top-100 markets without a Fox affiliate. KMPH re
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Six%20Feet%20Under%20episodes
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Six Feet Under, an American television drama series created by Alan Ball, aired on the premium cable network HBO. The series chronicles the Fishers, a family of funeral directors who struggle with relationships and their own personal demons, while trying to maintain a small funeral home.
Series overview
Episodes
Season 1 (2001)
Season 2 (2002)
Season 3 (2003)
Season 4 (2004)
Season 5 (2005)
Ratings
References
External links
Lists of American drama television series episodes
Lists of black comedy television series episodes
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fellowship%20of%20Independent%20Evangelical%20Churches
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The Fellowship of Independent Evangelical Churches (FIEC) is a network of 639 independent evangelical churches mainly in the United Kingdom.
History
The FIEC was formed in 1922 under the name A Fellowship of Undenominational and Unattached Churches and Missions. It was later renamed The Fellowship of Independent Evangelical Churches. The Fellowship brought together many independent churches and mission halls, which had been somewhat isolated.
Statistics
By February 2021, the FIEC had come to include 639 churches across Great Britain and the Channel Islands, and 50,000 members.
Beliefs
The FIEC is in the Independent Evangelical tradition. According to the National Director of FIEC, "An ‘Independent’ church is self-governing. Each individual local church has ultimate control over its own affairs. It does not belong to any external body or institution which has control over it." The FIEC leadership claims it exercises 'something comparable to the sub-apostolic' ministry of Timothy and Titus. Some trace the routes of Independency to separatists, such as Robert Browne in the time of Elizabeth I and James I of England, but "separatism" may be an unhelpful term to use in the present day to describe FIEC, because although a church has to be autonomous and self-governing to affiliate to the FIEC, one of the main purposes of the FIEC is that local churches should work together to share resources as they seek to advance the Christian Faith. A number of churches joined FIEC when they separated from a denomination that moved away from what they considered to be historic orthodox biblical Christianity. For example, Westminster Chapel, a leading church in the Independent tradition, joined the FIEC when the Congregational Union merged with the English Presbyterian Church to form the United Reformed Church denomination (URC). Many Independent churches within the FIEC are Baptist churches but the FIEC is open both to churches that only baptise adults and also to churches that baptise the children of believers.
The FIEC believes the classical Complementarian view which recognises that the distinctive calling to be a pastor or elder in the local church, and to be the head of the home, is a calling for men. It also recognises and encourages a wide calling of ministries within the church for women and men.
Practical services
FIEC Limited is a registered charity and trust corporation working under the title FIEC Practical Services. It holds church property in trust for many churches and also provides legal advice to churches and other charities. In most cases where it holds property in trust for churches, its role is limited to acting in accordance with the lawful instructions of the church for which it holds the property, although in some cases, it does also have decision making powers concerning the use of the property.
Leadership
The FIEC is led by a team of directors. The senior director is the National Director, John Stevens. Other directors are Adria
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaceland%20%28novel%29
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Spaceland is a science fiction novel by American mathematician and computer scientist Rudy Rucker, and published in 2002 by Tor Books.
In a tribute to Edwin Abbott's Flatland, a classic mathematical fantasy about a 2-dimensional being (A. Square) who receives a surprise visit from a higher-dimensional sphere, Rudy Rucker's Spaceland describes the life of Joe Cube, an average, modern-day Silicon Valley hotshot who one day discovers the fourth dimension from an unexpected visitation.
Plot summary
Joe Cube is a high tech executive waiting for his company's IPO. On the New Year's Eve before the new millennium, trying to impress his wife Jena, he brings home a prototype of his company's new product (a TV screen that turns standard television broadcasting into a 3D image). It brings no warmth to their cooling marriage, but it does attract the attention of somebody else. Joe is suddenly contacted by a Momo, a woman from the fourth dimension she calls the All, of which our entire world (which she calls Spaceland) is like nothing but the thin surface of a rug.
Momo has a business proposition for Joe that she won't let him refuse. She is bent on making him start a company that will create a specific product that she will supply. The upside potential becomes much clearer for Joe once Momo "augments" him, by helping him grow a new eye on a 4D stalk, giving him the power to see in four-dimensional directions, as well as the ability to see into our dimension using a four-dimension perspective.
Reception
Strange Horizons felt that Joe's adventures were "thought-provoking", and compared the book positively to Ian Stewart's Flatterland, but faulted it for lacking in mathematical rigor. The A.V. Club considered it "fun yet thoughtful" and "unusually sedate", but criticized Rucker for his characterization. Publishers Weekly called it "a hilarious tribute (to Flatland); Kirkus Reviews, however, found it to be "not funny, not fascinating" and "for fans only", and the Notices of the American Mathematical Society—while conceding that it "is a fun read"—emphasized its shortcomings, including that Rucker is too repetitive and didactic, and that the characters are "one-dimensional (pardon the pun)".
References
External links
Rudy Rucker's Spaceland Page
2002 American novels
Novels about mathematics
Novels by Rudy Rucker
2002 science fiction novels
American science fiction novels
Tor Books books
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleep%20mode
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Sleep mode (or suspend to RAM) is a low power mode for electronic devices such as computers, televisions, and remote controlled devices. These modes save significantly on electrical consumption compared to leaving a device fully on and, upon resume, allow the user to avoid having to reissue instructions or to wait for a machine to boot. Many devices signify this power mode with a pulsed or red colored LED power light.
Computers
In computers, entering a sleep state is roughly equivalent to "pausing" the state of the machine. When restored, the operation continues from the same point, having the same applications and files open.
Sleep
Sleep mode has gone by various names, including Stand By, Suspend and Suspend to RAM. Machine state is held in RAM and, when placed in sleep mode, the computer cuts power to unneeded subsystems and places the RAM into a minimum power state, just sufficient to retain its data. Because of the large power saving, most laptops automatically enter this mode when the computer is running on batteries and the lid is closed. If undesired, the behavior can be altered in the operating system settings of the computer.
A computer must consume some energy while sleeping in order to power the RAM and to be able to respond to a wake-up event. A sleeping PC is on standby power, and this is covered by regulations in many countries, for example in the United States limiting such power under the One Watt Initiative, from 2010. In addition to a wake-up press of the power button, PCs can also respond to other wake cues, such as from keyboard, mouse, incoming telephone call on a modem, or local area network signal.
Hibernation
Hibernation, also called Suspend to Disk on Linux, saves all computer operational data on the fixed disk before turning the computer off completely. On switching the computer back on, the computer is restored to its state prior to hibernation, with all programs and files open, and unsaved data intact. In contrast with standby mode, hibernation mode saves the computer's state on the hard disk, which requires no power to maintain, whereas standby mode saves the computer's state in RAM, which requires a small amount of power to maintain.
Hybrid sleep
Sleep mode and hibernation can be combined: the contents of RAM are first copied to non-volatile storage like for regular hibernation, but then, instead of powering down, the computer enters sleep mode. This approach combines the benefits of sleep mode and hibernation: The machine can resume instantaneously, but it can also be powered down completely (e.g. due to loss of power) without loss of data, because it is already effectively in a state of hibernation. This mode is called "hybrid sleep" in Microsoft Windows other than Windows XP.
A hybrid mode is supported by some portable Apple Macintosh computers, compatible hardware running Windows Vista or newer, and Linux distributions running kernel 3.6 or newer.
ACPI
ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) i
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josh%20Fisher
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Joseph A "Josh" Fisher is an American and Spanish computer scientist noted for his work on VLIW architectures, compiling, and instruction-level parallelism, and for the founding of Multiflow Computer. He is a Hewlett-Packard Senior Fellow (Emeritus).
Biography
Fisher holds a BA (1968) in mathematics (with honors) from New York University and obtained a Master's and PhD degree (1979) in Computer Science from The Courant Institute of Mathematics of New York University.
Fisher joined the Yale University Department of Computer Science in 1979 as an assistant professor, and was promoted to associate professor in 1983. In 1984 Fisher left Yale to found Multiflow Computer with Yale colleagues John O'Donnell and John Ruttenberg. Fisher joined HP Labs upon the closing of Multiflow in 1990. He directed HP Labs in Cambridge, MA USA from its founding in 1994, and became an HP Fellow (2000) and then Senior Fellow (2002) upon the inception of those titles at Hewlett-Packard. Fisher retired from HP Labs in 2006.
Fisher is married (1967) to Elizabeth Fisher; they have a son, David Fisher, and a daughter, Dora Fisher. He holds Spanish citizenship due to his Sephardic heritage.
Work
Trace Scheduling
In his Ph.D. dissertation, Fisher created the Trace Scheduling compiler algorithm and coined the term Instruction-level parallelism to characterize VLIW, superscalar, dataflow and other architecture styles that involve fine-grained parallelism among simple machine-level instructions. Trace scheduling was the first practical algorithm to find large amounts of parallelism between instructions that occupied different basic blocks. This greatly increased the potential speed-up for instruction-level parallel architectures.
The VLIW architecture style
Because of the difficulty of applying trace scheduling to idiosyncratic systems (such as 1970s-era DSPs) that in theory should have been suitable targets for a trace scheduling compiler, Fisher put forward the VLIW architectural style. VLIWs are normal computers, designed to run compiled code and used like ordinary computers, but offering large amounts of instruction-level parallelism scheduled by a trace scheduling or similar compiler. VLIWs are now used extensively, especially in embedded systems. The most popular VLIW cores have sold in quantities of several billion processors.
Multiflow Computer
Multiflow was founded to commercialize trace scheduling and VLIW architectures, then widely thought to be impractical. Multiflow's technical success and the dissemination of its technology and people had a great effect on the future of computer science and the computer industry.
Awards and honors
1984 NSF Presidential Young Investigator's Award. (This award was meant to persuade promising faculty to stay at universities; financial grant to Yale University declined due to Fisher's leaving to start Multiflow.)
1987 Eli Whitney Connecticut Entrepreneur of the Year.
2003 Eckert–Mauchly Award given by The IEEE Computer Societ
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My%20Fabulous%20Gay%20Wedding
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My Fabulous Gay Wedding is a Canadian reality show hosted by comedian Scott Thompson in the first season and Elvira Kurt in the second. The series airs on the Global Television Network. It is broadcast in the U.S. as First Comes Love, on Logo.
In the first season, the show features a same-sex couple that plans to marry; the arrangements for the wedding are prepared, on two weeks' notice, by a team of wedding planners who are both heterosexual and homosexual. As with typical, Western heterosexual weddings, the general idea is to create a unique experience that reflects the personality of the people to be wed, while adding a special gay sensibility. The spirit of the program is one of fun.
In the second season, with new host Elvira Kurt, the stories concentrate more on the couples than the wedding planning process. The team of wedding planners has been reduced to one: Fern Cohen. This season debuted on Logo in February 2007.
Through interviews with the family members, the show also explores the issue of same-sex marriage and its effect on the social fabric.
External links
First Comes Love series page on Logo
Official Blog
Global Television Network original programming
2005 Canadian television series debuts
2000s LGBT-related reality television series
2000s Canadian reality television series
Television series by Entertainment One
2000s Canadian LGBT-related television series
Canadian dating and relationship reality television series
Same-sex marriage in Canada
Canadian LGBT-related reality television series
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darna%20%282005%20TV%20series%29
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Darna is a 2005 Philippine television drama fantasy action series broadcast by GMA Network. The series is based on Mars Ravelo's Philippine fictional character of the same name and a loose adaptation of the 2003 Darna comic miniseries published by Mango Comics. Directed by Dominic Zapata and Eric Quizon, it stars Angel Locsin in the title role. It premiered on April 4, 2005 on the network's Telebabad line up. The series concluded on November 25, 2005 with a total of 170 episodes.
Cast and characters
Lead cast
Angel Locsin as Darna / Narda
Supporting cast
Alessandra De Rossi as Valentina
Wendell Ramos as Jeric Frias
Dennis Trillo as Efren / Lalaking Ahas
Jeremy Marquez as Jun
Eddie Garcia as Oscar / Mambabarang
Christopher de Leon as Ted / Dr. Zombie
Celia Rodriguez as Braguda
Gina Pareño as Milagros
Sandy Andolong as Prospera
Caridad Sanchez as Aio
Carmina Villarroel as Sabrina / Sulfura
Tonton Gutierrez as Mulong / Nosferamus
Maureen Larrazabal as Aio
Karen delos Reyes as Alice / Babaeng Tuod / Babaeng Impakta / Babaeng Lobo
Katrina Halili as Carol / Black Darna
Cristine Reyes as Molecula
Ella Guevara as Lenlen
Ryza Cenon as Louella / Divas Impaktitas
C. J. Muere as Ding
Francis Magundayao as Iking
Nadine Samonte as Ava
Guest cast
Lorna Tolentino as Queen Adran
Lani Mercado as Ising
Cogie Domingo as Daniel
Ara Mina as Dyesebel
Alice Dixson as Dyangga
Rochelle Pangilinan as Corella
Charee Pineda as Harrietta
Sid Lucero as Jomar
Anita Linda as Nacyfe
Lloyd Samartino as Ramos
K Brosas as Divina Demonica
Bearwin Meily as Toy Master
Maggie Wilson as Manananggal
Production
Actress Iza Calzado was first approached for the role of Darna. However, due to the requirement for Calzado to lose weight to wear a costume, the role eventually went to Angel Locsin.
Ratings
According to AGB Nielsen Philippines' Mega Manila household television ratings, the pilot episode of Darna earned a 47.1% rating, the highest rating for a pilot episode in Philippine television. The series had its highest rating on April 7, 2005 with a 52.1% rating.
References
External links
2005 Philippine television series debuts
2005 Philippine television series endings
Darna
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network drama series
Philippine action television series
Philippine fantasy television series
Superhero television series
Television shows based on comics
Television shows set in the Philippines
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross%20private%20domestic%20investment
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Gross private domestic investment is the measure of physical investment used in computing GDP in the measurement of nations' economic activity. This is an important component of GDP because it provides an indicator of the future productive capacity of the economy. It includes replacement purchases plus net additions to capital assets plus investments in inventories. From 2002 to 2011 it amounted to 14.9% of GDP, and from 1945 to 2011 was 15.7% of GDP (BEA, USDC, 2013). Net investment is gross investment minus depreciation. Of the four categories of GDP (investment, consumption, net exports, and government spending on goods and services) it is by far the least stable.
Gross private domestic investment includes 4 types of investment:
Non-residential investment: Expenditures by firms on capital such as tools, machinery, and factories.
Residential Investment: Expenditures on residential structures and residential equipment owned by landlords and rented to tenants.
Change in inventories (or stocks): The change of firm inventories in a given period. (Inventory or stock is the goods that are produced by firms but kept to be sold later.)
References
National accounts
Gross domestic product
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gizmo5
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Gizmo5 (formerly known as Gizmo Project and SIPphone) was a voice over IP communications network and a proprietary freeware soft phone for that network. On November 12, 2009, Google announced that it had acquired Gizmo5. On March 4, 2011, Google announced that the service would be discontinued as of April 3, 2011.
The Gizmo5 network used open standards for call management, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP). However, the Gizmo5 client application was proprietary software and used several proprietary codecs, including GIPS and Internet Speech Audio Codec (iSAC).
History
Gizmo Project was founded by Michael Robertson and his company SIPphone.
On November 12, 2009, Google announced that it had acquired Gizmo5 for a reported $30 million in cash. Prior to this acquisition, Gizmo5 had a working relationship with GrandCentral (now Google Voice) for years. Upon announcement, Gizmo5 suspended new signups until a Google relaunch. Google was also dogfooding a Google Voice desktop client based on Gizmo5, branded as Gizmo5 by Google.
On April 3, 2011, Google shut down Gizmo5 and recommended users to use Google Talk instead.
Technology
Gizmo5 was based on the Session Initiation Protocol and could interoperate with other SIP-based networks directly, including the public switched telephone network. The latter required the Gizmo5 service features CallOut and CallIn. CallOut was available at a fee, whereas CallIn and calls to other VoIP users were generally free of cost. Gizmo5 also used encryption (Secure Real-time Transport Protocol) for network calls and worked well with Phil Zimmermann's Zfone security features.
Gizmo5 supported the following Codecs:
GSM — fixed bit rate, not loss tolerant, narrowband (8 kHz sampling rate)
PCMA — fixed bit rate (8 kHz sampling rate)
PCMU — fixed bit rate (8 kHz sampling rate, high band width)
EG711 (Enhanced G.711) — fixed bit rate, loss tolerant, narrowband
iSAC — variable bit rate, loss tolerant, narrow and wideband (8 to 16 kHz)
iLBC — variable bit rate, loss tolerant, narrow
iPCMwb — 16 kHz sampling rate
iPCM — fixed bit rate, loss tolerant, wideband
Version 4.0 of the Gizmo5 softphone offered video calls. Gizmo5 also offered smartphone version.
As of July 20, 2009, Gizmo5 was the only SIP service that could be used with Google Voice directly (without requiring a U.S. based phone number).
The text chat function of Gizmo5 utilized the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) protocol. Users were addressed by an identification string in the format of username@chat.gizmoproject.com.
An earlier incarnation of the service was , a free software VoIP system based on the Pidgin instant messaging software and the SIP protocol handling of the Linphone VoIP software, but restricted to using (only) the SIPphone service. It is available under the GNU General Public License and sponsored by Linspire.
Service features
Gizmo5 supported outbound caller line
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberia%20%28video%20game%29
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Cyberia is a science fiction action adventure video game released for MS-DOS in January 1994, and released two years later on the PlayStation, Sega Saturn, 3DO and FM Towns consoles. A sequel, Cyberia 2: Resurrection, was released in 1995 for both DOS and Windows 9x formats.
Gameplay
Cyberia uses prerendered visuals during gameplay, and boasted impressive graphics for its time. While mostly linear, there are two points in the game where the player makes a decision that can change important outcomes. There are four basic methods of gameplay which Cyberia employs: exploring the environment through walking (from node to node), attempting to complete puzzles in a full screen view, using a gun turret to shoot down planes, and flying in various vehicles. Direction and speed during flight are computer controlled; the player controls weapons firing. Vehicles include the TF-22 Transfighter stealth jet, a nanotech virus cleaner, "Charlie" the remotely operated decontamination robot, and the Cyberia weapon itself.
Weapons and methods of attack are few in the exploring sections of gameplay. Attached to Zak's suit is a heat pulse weapon that can be fired from Zak's arm. The only other modes of attack during the walking portions of the game consist of traps that must be set to outsmart an enemy, which goes hand-in-hand with the occasional demand for stealth. For the gun turret portion, two heat-charged energy blasts are released from each side of the turret when Zak fires it. When flying the stealth aircraft, Zak is able to dispense continuous bolts of blue energy at the cost of the aircraft's power supply. When controlling the virus cleaner, Zak is able to do likewise. The "Charlie" robot adds a new form of attack: a weapon which kills all enemies on the screen at the cost of a decent amount of the machine's energy. A similar electrical energy weapon seen on the virus cleaner is also used when Zak is joined with the Cyberia weapon.
The various puzzles in the game can range from requiring the player to figure out the password on a computer to disarming a bomb on a stealth aircraft. Zak can use his suit's BLADES (Bi-optic Low Amplitude Displayed Energy System) to scan the current puzzle in several ways for help in completing the puzzle. The three modes of Zak's BLADES are as follows:
InfraRed/Thermal Scan - Detects heat traces and marks left in the InfraRed spectrum. This scan is very sensitive, and thus very accurate.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - Allows Zak to "look through" a puzzle object to determine an item's function and the way it operates.
BioScan - Scans the area for organic matter in a limited range.
Puzzle difficulty and arcade difficulty are set in the beginning of the game, but setting both to "easy" is not permitted; if the player attempts to do so, the game will inform the player that it will be "too easy." Arcade difficulty controls the toughness of the combat in the game (both on the ground and in the air).
The Saturn version of the game
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storage%20Management%20Initiative%20%E2%80%93%20Specification
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The Storage Management Initiative Specification, commonly called SMI-S, is a computer data storage management standard developed and maintained by the Storage Networking Industry Association (SNIA). It has also been ratified as an ISO standard. SMI-S is based upon the Common Information Model and the Web-Based Enterprise Management standards defined by the Distributed Management Task Force, which define management functionality via HTTP. The most recent approved version of SMI-S is available on the SNIA website.
The main objective of SMI-S is to enable broad interoperable management of heterogeneous storage vendor systems. The current version is SMI-S 1.8.0 Rev 5. Over 1,350 storage products are certified as conformant to SMI-S.
Basic concepts
SMI-S defines CIM management profiles for storage systems. The entire SMI Specification is categorized in profiles and subprofiles. A profile describes the behavioral aspects of an autonomous, self-contained management domain. SMI-S includes profiles for Arrays, Switches, Storage Virtualizers, Volume Management and several other management domains. In DMTF parlance, an SMI-S provider is an implementation for a specific profile or set of profiles. A subprofile describes a part of a management domain, and can be a common part in more than one profile.
At a very basic level, SMI-S entities are divided into two categories:
Clients are management software applications that can reside virtually anywhere within a network, provided they have a communications link (either within the data path or outside the data path) to providers.
Servers are the devices under management. Servers can be disk arrays, virtualization engines, host bus adapters, switches, tape drives, etc.
SMI-S timeline
2000 – Collection of computer storage industry leaders led by Roger Reich begins building an interoperable management backbone for storage and storage networks (named Bluefin) in a small consortia called the Partner Development Process.
2002 – Bluefin donated by the consortia to the Storage Networking Industry Association (SNIA) and later renamed to Storage Management Initiative – Specification or SMI-S. SMI-S 1.0 publicly announced by the SNIA.
2003 – The Storage Management Initiative launches formal industry wide specification development, interoperability testing and demonstrations programs, as well as conformance testing systems and certifications. Work proceeds in the SNIA SMI Technical Steering Committee and related TWGs.
2004 – SMI-S 1.0.2 becomes an ANSI standard. Initial development of SMI-S 1.1.0 started.
2005 – SMI-S 1.0.2 submitted to ISO.
2006 – SMI-S 1.0.3 accepted as an ISO standard. SMI-S 1.1.0 published as a SNIA Technical Position. Working Drafts developed for SMI-S 1.2.0.
2007 – SMI-S 1.2.0 published as a SNIA Technical Position. Working Drafts developed for SMI-S 1.3.0 and SMI-S 1.4.0.
2008 – SMI-S 1.1.1 published as an ANSI standard and submitted to ISO for consideration as an ISO standard. SMI-S 1
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNIA
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SNIA or Snia may refer to:
Storage Networking Industry Association, a trade organization focusing on computer storage
SNIA S.p.A., a former Italian manufacturing firm
Snia Milano, an athletics club
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-configuration%20time-dependent%20Hartree
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Multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree (MCTDH) is a general algorithm to solve the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for multidimensional dynamical systems consisting of distinguishable particles. MCTDH can thus determine the quantal motion of the nuclei of a molecular system evolving on one or several coupled electronic potential energy surfaces. MCTDH by its very nature is an approximate method. However, it can be made as accurate as any competing method, but its numerical efficiency deteriorates with growing accuracy.
MCTDH is designed for multi-dimensional problems, in particular for problems that are difficult or even impossible to attack in a conventional way. There is no or only little gain when treating systems with less than three degrees of freedom by MCTDH. MCTDH will in general be best suited for systems with 4 to 12 degrees of freedom. Because of hardware limitations it may in general not be possible to treat much larger systems. For a certain class of problems, however, one can go much further. The MCTDH program package has recently been generalised to enable the propagation of density operators.
References
External links
The Heidelberg MCTDH Homepage
Quantum chemistry
Scattering
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North%20Fremantle%20railway%20station
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North Fremantle railway station is a railway station on the Transperth network. It is located on the Fremantle line, 16.2 kilometres from Perth, serving the Fremantle suburb of North Fremantle.
History
The original North Fremantle station on the north side of Tydeman Street opened in 1881. In 1964, a new station halt opened in conjunction with a new Fremantle Railway Bridge with the original site redeveloped as a diesel locomotive depot.
On 28 July 1991 as part of the electrification of the line, a new station opened 800 metres to the north also replacing Leighton station that was a further 700 metres further north.
To the west of the station lies a freight line to the closed Leighton Marshalling Yard.
Services
North Fremantle station is served by Transperth Fremantle line services from Fremantle to Perth that continue through to Midland via the Midland line.
North Fremantle station saw 168,147 passengers in the 2013–14 financial year.
Platforms
Bus routes
References
External links
Fremantle line
Transperth railway stations
Railway stations in Australia opened in 1991
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria%20Street%20railway%20station%2C%20Perth
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Victoria Street railway station is a railway station on the Transperth network. It is located on the Fremantle line, 14.2 kilometres from Perth station serving the suburbs of Mosman Park and Cottesloe.
History
Victoria Street station opened in 1954. It closed on 1 September 1979 along with the rest of the Fremantle line, re-opening on 29 July 1983 when services were restored. To the west of the station, a now lifted freight line ran from Cottesloe to the Leighton Marshalling Yard.
Services
Victoria Street station is served by Transperth Fremantle line services from Fremantle to Perth that continue through to Midland via the Midland line.
Victoria Street station saw 150,070 passengers in the 2013–14 financial year.
Platforms
Bus routes
References
Cottesloe, Western Australia
Fremantle line
Transperth railway stations
Railway stations in Australia opened in 1954
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosman%20Park%20railway%20station
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Mosman Park railway station is a railway station on the Transperth network. It is located on the Fremantle line, 13.5 kilometres from Perth station serving the suburbs of Mosman Park and Cottesloe.
History
Although the Eastern Railway opened on 1 March 1881, regular passenger services to Mosman Park station (then called Cottesloe Beach station) only commenced on 1 March 1894. In 1896 a station-master was appointed. The name of the station was changed to Buckland Hill in 1931 and to Mosman Park in 1937 to reflect changes of name of the local government area from Cottesloe Beach Road District to Buckland Hill Road District to Mosman Park Road District.
The station closed on 1 September 1979 along with the rest of the Fremantle line, re-opening on 29 July 1983 when services were restored. To the west of the station, a now lifted freight line ran from Cottesloe to the Leighton Marshalling Yard.
Station location
Mosman Park station is located on the western edge of Mosman Park. The railway's right-of-way is between two important roads: Stirling Highway and Curtin Avenue. There is one access point to the eastbound end of the Perth-bound platform and two access points, at the eastbound end and centre, to the Fremantle-bound platform. There is a track crossing at grade level connecting the eastbound ends of the platforms.
Services
Mosman Park station is served by Transperth Fremantle line services from Fremantle to Perth that continue through to Midland via the Midland line.
Mosman Park station saw 159,850 passengers in the 2013–14 financial year.
Platforms
Bus routes
Buses only arrive and depart on the Stirling Highway, next to the Perth-bound platform. Reaching buses from Curtin Avenue or platform two requires crossing the tracks at grade level.
References
External links
Cottesloe, Western Australia
Fremantle line
Transperth railway stations
Railway stations in Australia opened in 1894
Mosman Park, Western Australia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cottesloe%20railway%20station
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Cottesloe railway station is a railway station on the Transperth network. It is located on the Fremantle line, 12.4 kilometres from Perth station serving the suburbs of Cottesloe and Peppermint Grove.
History
Cottesloe station was originally established as Bullens Siding in 1884. Robert Napoleon Bullen was the proprietor of the Albion Hotel. The station was a request stop. Passengers could stop the train with a provided red flag in daylight or a candle in a jar at night. In June 1892 the station was renamed Cottesloe and became a regular stop for trains.
The station closed on 1 September 1979 along with the rest of the Fremantle line, re-opening on 29 July 1983 when services were restored. Cottesloe was previously the junction for a now lifted parallel freight line that ran to the Leighton Marshalling Yard.
Station location
Cottesloe station is located on the eastern edge of Cottesloe near the boundary with Peppermint Grove. The tracks lie between Curtin Avenue and Railway Street, two important roads in the area. There are two access points from each of these roads: At the southern end of the platform a pedestrian bridge provides access by stairs to the platform; those on the northern end of the platform require crossing the tracks at grade level to reach the platform.
Services
Cottesloe station is served by Transperth Fremantle line services from Fremantle to Perth that continue through to Midland via the Midland line.
Cottesloe station saw 261,865 passengers in the 2013–14 financial year.
Platforms
Cottesloe station had three platforms. During electrification of the line in 1991, the original northbound platform became southbound and the goods platform was converted for northbound services with the original southbound platform now disused. The goods line originally headed north to service the local Eureka flour mill. A graded grass corridor still marks the site of the track. There was once a staffed signal cabin on the western end of the station.
Bus routes
A regular bus service stops on the eastern side of the station. Bus route 102 operates at 30-minute intervals with Cottesloe station acting as its terminus. Rail replacement route 906 uses the western side of the station on Curtin Avenue but only operates to replace trains during line closures.
References
Cottesloe, Western Australia
Fremantle line
Transperth railway stations
Railway stations in Australia opened in 1884
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grant%20Street%20railway%20station
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Grant Street railway station is a railway station on the Transperth network. It is located on the Fremantle line, 11.1 kilometres from Perth station serving the suburb of Cottesloe.
History
Grant Street station opened in 1954. The station closed on 1 September 1979 along with the rest of the Fremantle line, re-opening on 29 July 1983 when services were restored.
Following the introduction of four-carriage trains on 18 August 2002, services could not stop at Grant Street due to the platform lengths with alternative road transport provided. In May 2009, work was completed at the station to extend the platforms, and four-carriage trains now stop at the station.
Services
Grant Street station is served by Transperth Fremantle line services from Fremantle to Perth that continue through to Midland via the Midland line.
Grant Street station saw 85,036 passengers in the 2013–14 financial year.
Platforms
Grant Street has two platforms: platform 1 has Perth-bound trains; platform 2 has Fremantle-bound trains.
References
External links
Cottesloe, Western Australia
Fremantle line
Transperth railway stations
Railway stations in Australia opened in 1954
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swanbourne%20railway%20station%2C%20Perth
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Swanbourne railway station is a railway station on the Transperth network. It is located on the Fremantle line, 10.4 kilometres from Perth station serving the suburbs of Swanbourne, Claremont and Cottesloe.
History
Swanbourne station opened on 1 March 1904 as Congdon Street. It was renamed Osborne in 1912 (with 'West Claremont' also being considered at this time) before finally being renamed Swanbourne in 1921. The last change was at the request of the Commissioner of Railways to eliminate confusion with Osborne Park in the city's north-west.
The station closed on 1 September 1979 along with the rest of the Fremantle line, re-opening on 29 July 1983 when services were restored.
Services
Swanbourne station is served by Transperth Fremantle line services from Fremantle to Perth that continue through to Midland via the Midland line.
Swanbourne station saw 105,274 passengers in the 2013–14 financial year.
Platforms
Bus routes
References
Fremantle line
Transperth railway stations
Railway stations in Australia opened in 1904
Swanbourne, Western Australia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claremont%20railway%20station%2C%20Perth
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Claremont railway station is a railway station on the Transperth network in Western Australia. It is located on the Fremantle and Airport lines, 9.3 kilometres from Perth station serving the suburb of Claremont.
History
Claremont station opened in 1881 as Butlers Swamp, being renamed Claremont in 1883. In 1886 a new station was constructed 300 metres to the east. The 1886 buildings are now the oldest extant railway station buildings in Perth. It was the only station on the line to be built with a crossing loop.
With the relocation of the Royal Perth Show to the Claremont Showground in 1905, a third platform was added with the station serving the show until Showgrounds station opened in 1954. The station closed on 1 September 1979 along with the rest of the Fremantle line, re-opening on 29 July 1983 when services were restored. The station building was restored at the same time. When the line was electrified in 1991, the station was cut back to one island platform and the original platform abandoned.
After the Town of Claremont's Council Chambers were gutted by fire in 2010, it relocated its administration to the former station master's building. The former goods shed has been converted into a cultural centre and cafe.
Redevelopment
The Airport line was originally planned to terminate at Daglish station, as there was already a turnback siding there. In 2018, it was announced that the terminus had been moved to Claremont station. This required an upgrade of the station to modern accessibility standards and the construction of two turnback sidings west of the station. Claremont station was chosen as it is located halfway along the Fremantle line and is the line's third busiest station, after Fremantle and Subiaco. Perth station does not have the space for trains to turn around and stations beyond Claremont do not have a high enough forecast patronage for the extra services for those stations to be worth purchasing more rolling stock.
In August 2020, John Holland Group was awarded a $36 million contract to undertake the construction works at Claremont station. From 5 February to 5 April 2021, Claremont station was closed and the Fremantle line was partially shut down to complete the upgrade of Claremont station and build the two turnback sidings. The Fremantle line reopened to full service on 6 April, but Claremont station remained closed as workers discovered problems with the station's original construction. Claremont station reopened on 1 June 2021.
Station location
Claremont station is located in the middle of Claremont. The railway's right-of-way lies between two arterial roads: Shenton Road and Gugeri Street. There are two access points to the station from each street: a grade level track crossing through electrically activated gates at the eastern end of the station, and the original pedestrian bridge that provides access by stairs to the platform and to the elevated signal box. Additionally, a pedestrian underpass connects both streets
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TK82C
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TK82C was a Sinclair ZX81 clone made by Microdigital Eletrônica Ltda., a computer company located in Brazil.
General information
The TK82C had the Zilog Z80A processor running at 3.25 MHz, 2 KB SRAM and 8 KB of EPROM with the BASIC interpreter. The C letter stands for "Científico", or "Scientific" in English.
The keyboard was made of layers of conductive (membrane) material and followed the Sinclair layout. The video output was sent via a RF modulator to a TV set tuned at VHF channel 3, and featured black characters on a white background. The maximum resolution was 64 x 44 pixels, based on semigraphic characters useful for games and basic images (see ZX81 character set).
The TK82C included the SLOW function, which permitted the video be shown during the processing (the prior version, TK82, a Sinclair ZX80 clone, ran only in fast mode, so the image was not shown during its processing). In reality, the SLOW function was done by an add-on board that was factory-mounted over the main board.
Although being a ZX81 clone, the TK82C did not have the ULA chip from Ferranti, used in the former. Instead it was manufactured with a dozen of TTL integrated circuits, which resulted in a somewhat large power consumption. This could be noted as the computer's case used to become quite hot after some minutes of operation.
Data Storage
Data storage was done in audio cassette tapes at 300 bits per second, and large programs could take up to 6 minutes to load. Audio cables were supplied with the computer for connection with a regular tape recorder.
As the data encoding was entirely done by software, some hacks were made available to allow much faster transfers. Hi-fi recorders were required in order to use the greater speeds with a minimum of reliability.
Accessories
A 16 KB DRAM expansion was made available and, despite being optional, became a standard item. Soon after, a 48 KB expansion was also released, but due to pricing and the problematic data storage in cassettes, it never sold well.
The TK82C featured a DIN connector for a joystick (in reality, it was wired to the keyboard matrix); Microdigital then marketed an Atari 2600 joystick, accordingly retrofitted to match the DIN connector.
A small printer, indeed a ZX Printer clone, was announced for a long time by Microdigital, but was never released.
Compatibility and Legal Issues
All software designed to the ZX81 could run in the TK82C with no problems, and vice versa. So it was not uncommon to find software distributed in Brazil, that were nothing more than illegitimate copies of products for the ZX81. However, given the TK82's popularity, a great deal of original software was developed in Brazil as well.
In 1983, Sinclair Research sued Microdigital over copyright violation because of the unauthorized cloning of its product. Due to political trends from that time, the Brazilian court in charge of the case sided with Microdigital.
Later Products
The TK82C was replaced by the TK83 (it used a U
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarborough%20Health%20Network
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Scarborough Health Network (SHN) is a hospital network in Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It operates the Scarborough General, Centenary, and Birchmount hospitals. The three are major community health hospitals with teaching affiliations to the University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine.
History
Early years
In 1998, The Salvation Army merged the operations of Scarborough General and Scarborough Grace (now Birchmount) hospitals under its subsidiary The Scarborough Hospital, while Centenary Hospital was under the Rouge Valley Health System (RVHS).
Merger and SRH years
A failed merger was done between the two hospital networks in 2014. This was until the then Ontario Health Minister Dr. Eric Hoskins ordered the dissolution of RVHS, and transferred Centenary Hospital's administration to The Scarborough Hospital, creating the merger by December 1, 2016. The new network of the three hospitals was tentatively named the Scarborough and Rouge Hospital (SRH), until 2018 when it was officially renamed the Scarborough Health Network.
As SHN
On January 24, 2019, the Scarborough Health Network approved the closure of pediatrics and obstetrics services at the Birchmount Hospital. As of 2019, the hospital network plans to reduce the number of hospital sites from three to two by 2031. In the three expansion options, the Centenary Hospital is planned for renovation while both the General and Birchmount hospitals are alternatively considered for shutdown as a new hospital will be built at a different site in Scarborough. A local campaign known as Save the Grace, headed by Toronto city councillor Jim Karygiannis, appeals to the Government of Ontario to save the Birchmount Hospital.
In 2023, SHN will begin construction on the new Bridletowne Neighbourhood Centre in the Bridletowne community at Warden and Finch Avenues, a project in collaboration between the YMCA of Greater Toronto and United Way Greater Toronto. Apart from facilities to be put up by YMCA and United Way, this structure will feature SHN’s Dialysis and Chronic Disease Clinics, expanding their hemodialysis and chronic kidney disease programs in the network. Initially pledged by the former Liberal-led government of Ontario in 2017, this was made possible through SHN's Love, Scarborough campaign.
Advertising
In January 2022, SHN through the Scarborough Health Network Foundation launched Love, Scarborough, their $ 100 million advertising and fundraising campaign, focused on bringing awareness to the lack of hospital donations and adequate healthcare support for Scarborough compared to other Toronto hospital networks and institutions.
Hospitals
SHN General Hospital, opened 1956
SHN Centenary Hospital, opened 1967
SHN Birchmount Hospital, opened 1985
See also
List of hospitals in Toronto
References
External links
Hospitals in Toronto
Buildings and structures in Scarborough, Toronto
Hospitals established in 1999
Hospital networks in Canada
1999 establishments in Ontario
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RailAir
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RailAir describes a number of airport bus and coach services designed to connect the National Rail network to airports in the United Kingdom. Services are currently concentrated on Heathrow Airport, with one other from Luton Airport. RailAir services are operated as public transport services by or on behalf of train operators, where the whole journey is paid for as a through ticket which combines the railway and bus journey, although journeys can be made using the bus only. As such, many are operated where the train and bus operator are owned by the same company.
History
National Bus Company era
Railair services originated as a partnership between the nationalised bus operator, the National Bus Company, and the nationalised rail operator, British Rail, under the Railair Link brand name.
In Luton National Bus Company subsidiary Luton & District, operated a Railair Link branded shuttle bus between Luton railway station and Luton Airport, as the Luton Flyer. Luton Airport Parkway railway station has since been built closer to the airport.
From 1967, Thames Valley Traction, (later Alder Valley), operated a Railair Link coach between Heathrow and Reading station in a yellow striped livery as route X25, and later in National Bus Company coach livery. A Railair Link service was also operated by coach operator Rickards from Heathrow to Woking.
Post deregulation
After bus deregulation, the existing Reading and Woking to Heathrow Railair services passed to private companies.
Privatised Alder Valley, as the Bee Line bus company, owned by Q-Drive, operated the Heathrow to Reading Railair service in bottle green liveried coaches as the Rail Air service with marketing for the onward rail links to South Wales and the West of England. When Beeline passed to FirstGroup, the Railair service was operated ultimately by First Berkshire, which in 2003 relaunched the service with Irizar Century bodied Scania K114IB coaches. The serviced operates as the FirstGroup branded service Rail Air.com.
The Woking to Heathrow service was operated by Speedlink Airport Services in a blue livery. Speedlink was later sold to National Express, which operated it in a light blue version of their 2003 livery, in conjunction with Stagecoach's South West Trains subsidiary, also with branding promoting rail connections to the South West.
In 2006 Virgin Trains West Coast, which is 49% owned by Stagecoach, introduced Virgin Trains liveried coaches for Railair links to Virgin trains services from Luton and Heathrow airports, as the Virgin Trains ExpressCoach services, operated by Stagecoach East. From 1 June 2008, the Virgin service to Heathrow was withdrawn, with passengers directed to Green Line route 724 as a replacement.
Current services
RailAir is used as a generic term for these services by the public and airline operators, such as British Airways at Heathrow, and as a specific brand name of some of the services. The Reading to Heathrow RailAir bus allows connection from citie
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wobble%20frequency
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Optical discs, with the exception of DVD-RAM, have their data encoded on a single spiral, or a groove, which covers the surface of the disc. In the case of recordable media, this spiral contains a slight sinusoidal deviation from a perfect spiral. The period of this sine curve corresponds to the wobble frequency. The wobble frequency is commonly used as a synchronization source to achieve constant linear velocity while writing a disc, but has other uses as well depending on the type of disc. The frequencies quoted all assume that the disc is being written at the '1x' speed. The frequencies are appropriately higher for faster writing speeds.
CD-R and CD-RW discs use a frequency modulated wobble of 140.6 kHz to encode information, such as the Absolute Time in Pregroove (ATIP), into the groove.
DVD-R and DVD-RW have a constant wobble frequency of 140.6 kHz relying on data 'pits' beside the groove to convey information (Land pre-pit).
DVD+R and DVD+RW have a constant wobble frequency of 817.4 kHz, but encodes its addressing information by periodically inverting the phase of the wobble signal (bi-phase modulation) to encode an exact address of the location on the spiral track (Address in Pregroove). The practical upshot of this arrangement is that the recording drive can navigate to an exact location on the DVD+R(W) disc whereas it cannot do so with the DVD-R(W).
BD-R and BD-RE discs utilise Address in Pregroove.
HD DVD-R and HD DVD-RW uses the land pre-pit system of the DVD-R(W)
References
Compact disc
DVD
Blu-ray Disc
Optical computer storage media
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz%20Lisp
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In computer programming, Franz Lisp is a discontinued Lisp programming language system written at the University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, UCB) by Professor Richard Fateman and several students, based largely on Maclisp and distributed with the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) for the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) VAX minicomputer. Piggybacking on the popularity of the BSD package, Franz Lisp was probably the most widely distributed and used Lisp system of the 1970s and 1980s.
The name is a pun on the composer and pianist Franz Liszt.
It was written specifically to be a host for running the Macsyma computer algebra system on VAX. The project began at the end of 1978, soon after UC Berkeley took delivery of their first VAX 11/780 (named Ernie CoVax, after Ernie Kovacs, the first of many systems with pun names at UCB). Franz Lisp was available free of charge to educational sites, and was also distributed on Eunice, a Berkeley Unix emulator that ran on VAX VMS.
History
At the time of Franz Lisp's creation, the Macsyma computer algebra system ran mainly on a DEC PDP-10. This computer's limited address space caused difficulties. Attempted remedies included ports of Maclisp to Multics or Lisp machines, but even if successful, these would only be solutions for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) as these machines were costly and uncommon. Franz Lisp was the first example of a framework where large Lisp programs could be run outside the Lisp machines environment; Macsyma was then considered a very large program. After being ported to Franz Lisp, Macsyma was distributed to about 50 sites under a license restricted by MIT's interest in making Macsyma proprietary. The VAX Macsyma that ran on Franz Lisp was called Vaxima. When Symbolics Inc., bought the commercial rights to Macsyma from MIT to sell along with its Lisp machines, it eventually was compelled to sell Macsyma also on DEC VAX and Sun Microsystems computers, paying royalties to the University of California for the use of Franz Lisp.
Other Lisp implementations for the VAX were MIT's NIL (never fully functional), University of Utah's Portable Standard Lisp, DEC's VAX Lisp, Xerox's Interlisp-VAX, and Le Lisp.
In 1982, the port of Franz Lisp to the Motorola 68000 processor was begun. In particular, it was ported to a prototype Sun-1 made by Sun Microsystems, which ran a variant of Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) Unix called SunOS. In 1986, at Purdue University, Franz Lisp was ported to the CCI Power 6/32 platform, code named Tahoe.
The major contributors to Franz Lisp at UC Berkeley were John K. Foderaro, Keith Sklower, and Kevin Layer.
A company was formed to provide support for Franz Lisp called Franz Inc., by founders Richard Fateman, John Foderaro, Fritz Kunze, Kevin Layer, and Keith Sklower, all associated with UC Berkeley. After that, development and research on Franz Lisp continued for a few years, but the acceptance of Common Lisp greatly reduced th
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buzznet
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BuzzNet is a photo, journal, and video-sharing social media network that is currently owned by Hive Media. The network was owned by SpinMedia (formerly Buzz Media) from its inception until September 2016, when it was sold to Hive Media.
Like other social networking services, Buzznet is a platform for members to share content based on their personal interests. Unlike other social networking services that focus primarily on messaging and profile pages, Buzznet members participate in communities that are created around ideas, events and interests, most predominantly music, celebrities, and the media.
History
Founding
The company was established in March 2003 in Los Angeles, California by Marc Brown, Steve Haldane, Kevin Woolery and Anthony Batt (CEO). The site was officially launched in 2005 when the company received private funding from Anthem Venture Partners. Facilitating users posting their own photographs quickly, particularly camera-phone photographs from live concerts and events, from 2005 until 2008, Buzznet served as the official online community for Coachella. Before the end of 2005, newspapers and journalists utilized Buzznet’s photo galleries. Newspapers that joined Buzznet for its photo-sharing capabilities included the Houston Chronicle for Hurricane Rita coverage, the Miami Herald for Hurricane Wilma coverage, and the Biloxi, Miss. Sun-Herald for Hurricane Katrina coverage. As of 2005, of the co-founders Marc Brown and Anthony Batt, Brown served as president. Steve Haldane was director of technology, while Rich Lee was art director.
In 2007, Buzznet named former Feedster president Tyler Goldman as its CEO. According to a March Hitwise report, in February 2007 Buzznet’s site visits more than doubled. The report deemed Buzznet the fastest growing social media community on the internet. In April 2007 Buzznet hosted the official online community for the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival. In May 2007 Buzznet received a $6 million round of funding from Redpoint Ventures and previous investors, Anthem Venture Partners. At the time, according to TechCrunch, Buzznet claimed to have 6 million users. In 2007, Buzznet.com partnered with the Honda Civic Tour and the social media fan site Friends or Enemies.
Acquisitions
In March 2008, Buzznet received an additional funding round of $25 million. In 2008, Buzznet embarked on a number of acquisitions, primarily popular music blogs. In April 2008, Buzznet acquired Idolator and also brought on Universal Music Group as an equity holder and content partner. In April 2008, Buzznet also announced the acquisition of the popular music blog Stereogum. In May 2008, Buzznet announced a partnership with TheGauntlet.com for its heavy metal music content. Unlike its other music site buyouts, this is Buzznet's first and only content partnership. By 2008, Buzznet.com had partnered with Tila Tequila to create a separate site called tilashotspot.com. As of July 2008, Buzznet was partnered with heavy met
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antony%20Root
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Antony Root is a British television executive and producer. He has worked in the United Kingdom, Europe and the United States. He was formerly Executive Vice President of Original Programming and Production for HBO Europe and Head of Original Production for WarnerMedia EMEA. He retired from this position in March 2023.
Education
Root was educated at King's College School, Cambridge, Marlborough College and Christ's College, Cambridge, where he read philosophy and English. At Cambridge he was president of the Amateur Dramatic Club (CUADC) and junior treasurer of the Footlights revue group.
Career
After a brief career in theatre management, Root joined the BBC television drama Series and Serials Department as an assistant floor manager. He was subsequently promoted to become a script editor, working on season 19 of Doctor Who (credited on the serials Four to Doomsday, The Visitation and Earthshock, broadcast in 1982), The Chinese Detective (1981–82) and Strangers and Brothers (1984).
In 1984 he was recruited by Euston Films, a subsidiary of Thames Television, as its development executive, where his credits included Capital City, Bellman and True and the miniseries The Fear, which he also co-produced.
In 1989 he joined Working Title Television as head of production, where he produced Lorna Doone (ITV), Derek Jarman's Edward II (BBC) and Armistead Maupin's Tales of the City (C4).
In 1994 he was appointed head of drama at Thames Television, executive producing John Schlesinger's Cold Comfort Farm (BBC) and setting up Five's first drama series, A Wing and a Prayer, before leaving to join Granada Television as Head of Drama in 1997. In this role his credits as executive producer included The Grand (ITV) and Far from the Madding Crowd (ITV).
In 1998 he became the first Granada executive tasked with developing and producing drama for broadcasters outside the United Kingdom. As head of international drama, he oversaw three movies for A&E in the United States – Murder in a Small Town and The Lady in Question, both starring Gene Wilder, and Dash and Lilly, starring Sam Shepard and Judy Davis. He also developed and executive produced the BAFTA-winning miniseries Longitude (C4) for Granada Film.
In 1999 he transferred to Los Angeles and assumed the additional role of SVP, movies and miniseries at Granada Entertainment USA, where his credits as executive producer included The Great Gatsby (A&E) and Princess of Thieves (ABC). In 2000 he was appointed president of the company overseeing all its output including the television movies My Beautiful Son (Showtime/ITV) and Second Nature (TNT), the second season of the series Beggars and Choosers (Showtime), and drama and comedy television pilots for the U.S. networks.
In 2005 he returned to the UK to take up the position of senior vice-president, European production, for Sony Pictures Television. In this role, which he held until December 2009, he was responsible for all development and production in the Eur
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorus%20tribromide%20%28data%20page%29
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This page provides supplementary chemical data on phosphorus tribromide.
Material Safety Data Sheet
External MSDS sheets:
Fisher MSDS
Aldrich MSDS
Structure and properties
Thermodynamic properties
Spectral data
References
Chemical data pages
Chemical data pages cleanup
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western%20Latin%20character%20sets%20%28computing%29
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Several 8-bit character sets (encodings) were designed for binary representation of common Western European languages (Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, French, German, Dutch, English, Danish, Swedish, Norwegian, and Icelandic), which use the Latin alphabet, a few additional letters and ones with precomposed diacritics, some punctuation, and various symbols (including some Greek letters). These character sets also happen to support many other languages such as Malay, Swahili, and Classical Latin.
This material is technically obsolete, having been functionally replaced by Unicode. However it continues to have historical interest.
Summary
The ISO-8859 series of 8-bit character sets encodes all Latin character sets used in Europe, albeit that the same code points have multiple uses that caused some difficulty (including mojibake, or garbled characters, and communication issues). The arrival of Unicode, with a unique code point for every glyph, resolved these issues.
ISO/IEC 8859-1 or Latin-1 is the most used and also defines the first 256 codepoints in Unicode.
ISO/IEC 8859-15 modifies ISO-8859-1 to fully support Estonian, Finnish and French and add the euro sign.
Windows-1252 is a superset of ISO-8859-1 that includes the printable characters from ISO/IEC 8859-15 and popular punctuation such as curved quotation marks (also known as smart quotes, such as in Microsoft Word settings and similar programs). It is common that web page tools for Windows use Windows-1252 but label the web page as using ISO-8859-1, this has been addressed in HTML5, which mandates that pages labeled as ISO-8859-1 must be interpreted as Windows-1252.
IBM CP437, being intended for English only, has very little in the way of accented letters (particularly uppercase) but has far more graphics characters than the other IBM code pages listed here and also some mathematical and Greek characters that are useful as technical symbols.
IBM CP850 has all the printable characters that ISO-8859-1 has (albeit arranged differently) and still manages to have enough graphics characters to build a usable text-mode user interface.
IBM CP858 differs from CP850 only by one character — a dotless i (ı), rarely used outside Turkey and with no uppercase equivalent provided, was replaced by euro currency sign (€).
IBM CP859 contains all the printable characters that ISO/IEC 8859-15 has, so unlike CP850 it supports the euro sign, Estonian, Finnish and French.
IBM code pages 037, 500, and 1047 are EBCDIC encodings that include all of the ISO-8859-1 characters.
The Mac OS Roman character set (often referred to as MacRoman and known by the IANA as simply MACINTOSH) has most, but not all, of the same characters as ISO/IEC 8859-1 but in a very different arrangement; and it also adds many technical and mathematical characters (though it lacks the important multiplication sign, ) and more diacritics. Older Macintosh web browsers were known to munge the few characters that were in ISO/IEC 8859-1 but
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorianne%20Crook
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Lorianne Crook (born February 19, 1957) is an American radio and television host, producer, and writer, best known for her work on The Nashville Network programs This Week In Country Music and Crook & Chase with Charlie Chase.
Early life
Crook was born in Wichita, Kansas but grew up in Nashville, Tennessee. She is a graduate of McGavock High School in Nashville where she was a cheerleader. She graduated from Vanderbilt University with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Chinese and Russian languages.
Career
An award-winning TV personality, Crook occasionally hosts Offstage with Lorianne Crook, a series of in-depth conversations with major country music artists for Great American Country (GAC). Subjects have included Kenny Chesney, Trace Adkins, Phil Vassar, Cowboy Troy, and Lonestar. For a brief time, she was co-host of Candid Camera. Before her big break as a TV personality, she worked at KAUZ-TV, the CBS affiliate in Wichita Falls, Texas/Lawton, Oklahoma in the 1980s.
Personal life
Crook married television producer Jim Owens in 1985. Owens was the creator of Crook & Chase and through its success, he secured an exclusive contract with TNN to produce its country music and entertainment programming until the network shifted away from the format in 2000. Owens's company Jim Owens Entertainment purchased the rights to the TNN brand and the content he had produced for it in 2012. Crook and Owens were married until his death March 4, 2022.
External links
Offstage With Lorianne Crook
GAC Biography
References
1957 births
Living people
Mass media people from Nashville, Tennessee
American radio personalities
American television personalities
American women television personalities
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bearer-Independent%20Call%20Control
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The Bearer-Independent Call Control (BICC) is a signaling protocol based on N-ISUP that is used for supporting narrowband Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) service over a broadband backbone network. BICC is designed to interwork with existing transport technologies. BICC is specified in ITU-T recommendation Q.1901.
BICC signaling messages are nearly identical to those in ISDN User Part (ISUP); the main difference being that the narrowband circuit identification code (CIC) has been modified. The BICC architecture consists of interconnected serving nodes that provide the call service function and the bearer control function. The call service function uses BICC signaling for call setup and may also interwork with ISUP. The bearer control function receives directives from the call service function via BICC Bearer Control Protocol (ITU-T recommendation Q.1950) and is responsible for setup and teardown of bearer paths on a set of physical transport links. Transport links are most commonly Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) or Internet Protocol (IP).
According to the ITU, the completion of the BICC protocols is a historic step toward broadband multimedia networks because it enables the seamless migration from circuit-switched TDM networks to high-capacity broadband multimedia networks.
The Third-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has included BICC CS 2 in the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) release 4.
References
ITU-T Recommendation Q.1901 : Bearer Independent Call Control protocol
ITU-T Recommendation Q.1902.1 : Bearer Independent Call Control protocol (Capability Set 2): Functional description
ITU-T Recommendation Q.1950 : Bearer independent call bearer control protocol
ITU-T Press Release : Agreement on BICC protocols: a historic step for evolution towards next-generation server- networks
3GPP TS 29.205 : Application of Q.1900 series to Bearer Independent CS Network architecture; Stage 3
Network protocols
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rough%20prominent
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The rough prominent (Nadata gibbosa) is a moth of the family Notodontidae, subfamily Phalerinae. It is also known as the white-dotted prominent and the tawny prominent. The species was first described by James Edward Smith in 1797. This common moth is found across North America from the northern boreal forests to as far south as Florida. It is most common in deciduous forests at some elevation. It is nocturnal but attracted to lights. The moths start to fly soon after dusk and return to resting places some time before dawn breaks (Fullard & Napoleone 2001). The adults live through late spring and early summer, and larvae are active until fall. They then pupate until the following spring.
The moth is tan or dull orange, with two small silver spots on each forewing. The wingspan is approximately 2 inches (5 cm). It sports a pointed thoracic tuft between its wings.
Life cycle
Larva
The larva is blue green, turning bright green as it approaches pupation age. It has a large head capsule, yellow mandibles, and yellow longitudinal stripes down its body. It feeds on the leaves of oaks and other deciduous trees (see list below). The larva is sometimes called the green oak caterpillar.
Recorded food plants
Acer - maple
Alnus - alder
Amelanchier
Betula - birch
Castanea - chestnut
Corylus - hazel
Fagus - beech
Fraxinus americana - white ash
Populus - poplar
Prunus
Quercus - oak
Rosa - rose
Salix - willow
References
(2001): Diel flight periodicity and the evolution of auditory defences in the Macrolepidoptera. Animal Behaviour 62 (2): 349–368. PDF fulltext
Moths of North America
Notodontidae
Moths described in 1797
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Discovery%20Channel%20original%20programming
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The following is a list of television programs currently or formerly broadcast by Discovery Channel.
Current programming
The following programs are currently airing on Discovery Channel:
A Cut Above
Alaska: The Last Frontier
Alaskan Bush People
Aussie Gold Hunters: Mine SOS (2022–present)
BattleBots
Bering Sea Gold
Brink of Disaster
Contraband: Seized at the Border
Deadliest Catch
Deadliest Catch: The Viking Returns
Diesel Brothers
Dirty Jobs
Expedition Unknown
Ghost Adventures
Gold, Lies & Videotape
Gold Rush
Gold Rush: Dave Turin's Lost Mine
Gold Rush: Freddy Dodge's Mine Rescue
Gold Rush: Parker's Trail
Gold Rush: White Water
Growing Belushi
Hoffman Family Gold
Homestead Rescue (2006–present)
How It's Made (2001–present)
Ice Cold Catch
Lone Star Law
Louisiana Law (2021–present)
Mark Rober's Revengineers
Moonshiners
Moonshiners: Master Distiller
Mysteries of the Abandoned (2017–present)
Mysteries of the Abandoned: Hidden America
Mysteries of the Deep
Naked and Afraid
Naked and Afraid: Last One Standing
Naked and Afraid: Solo
Naked and Afraid XL
Outback Opal Hunters
Sewer Divers
Shark Week
Street Outlaws
Street Outlaws: End Game
Street Outlaws: Fastest in America (2020–present)
Street Outlaws: Locals Only (2023–present)
Street Outlaws: Mega Cash Days (2023–present)
Street Outlaws: No Prep Kings (2018–present)
Street Outlaws: No Prep Kings: The Great 8
Survive the Raft
Tales from the Explorers Club
This Is Mark Rober
Former programming
0–9
100 Days Wild (2020)
2057 (2007)
9/11 Firehouse (2013)
A
Africa (2013)
Aaron Needs a Job (2019)
Adrenaline Rush Hour (2009)
After the Climb (2007)
Airplane Repo (2010–15)
Air Pressure (2015)
Airshow (2015)
Alaskan Steel Men (2013)
Alien Planet (2005; special)
All on the Line (2020)
American Casino (2004–05)
American Chopper (2003–23)
American Guns (2011–12)
American Hot Rod (2004–08)
American Loggers (2009–11)
American Treasures (2011)
American Made Inventors (2017)
Amish Mafia (2012–15)
American Muscle (2014)
American Tarzan (2016)
American Underworld (2011)
Animal Face-Off (2004)
Apocalypse Preppers (2013)
Arctic Rescue (2015)
Argo: Inside Story (2013)
Arthur C. Clarke's Mysterious Universe (1994–95)
Assignment Discovery
Atlas 4D (2010)
Auction Kings (2010–13)
B
Backyard Oil (2013)
Bad Chad Customs (2019–20)
Bad Universe
Barbarians: Secrets of the Dark Ages (2002)
Battlefield Detectives (2003)
Beachbody
Beast Tracker
Bee Czar (2022)
Before We Ruled the Earth (2003)
Bermuda Triangle Exposed
Beyond 2000
Beyond Tomorrow
Big! (2004)
The Big Brain Theory (2013)
Biker Build-Off (2002–07)
Billion Dollar Secret
Billy Buys Brooklyn (2022)
Bizarre Dinosaurs
Blood and Oil (2013)
Blue Collar Bankers
Blueprint for Disaster (2004–08)
Bone Detectives (2007–08)
Brainiac: Science Abuse
Breakout
Brew Masters (2010)
Building the Future
Building the Ultimate (2005)
Built for Champions
Bush Tucker Man (1992)
C
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactions%20to%20the%202005%20London%20bombings
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The 7 July 2005 London bombings were a series of suicide attacks carried out by homegrown terrorists on London's public transport network during the morning rush hour.
The bombings, three on the London Underground and one on a bus, killed 52 people and prompted a massive response from the emergency services, and in the immediate aftermath the almost-complete shut down of the city's transport system. Over the following hours and days there were several security alerts throughout the United Kingdom, and in some foreign cities. London largely returned to normality in the following days, though with several further security alerts and a reduced service on the Underground.
Security alerts
Security responses in the UK
London
Cabinet Office Briefing Room A (COBRA) was activated within minutes of the first reports of explosions, and remained open round the clock for over a week.
The London Underground was closed in the hours following the attacks, and did not re-open until the following day, with a reduced service. The Circle line, and the Piccadilly line between Hyde Park Corner and Holloway Road, remained closed. Several other lines remained disrupted in the areas affected. Security alerts were also causing disruption.
The entire London Buses network was suspended on 7 July, with all buses sent back to depot for security checks. Eventually, services outside Zone 1 in central London returned to operations, and a reduced Zone 1 service operated in the evening of 7 July. Services returned to normal on 8 July, except through affected areas.
All major Network Rail stations in London closed on the morning of 7 July, re-opening in late afternoon. King's Cross remained closed until 8 July. Most National Rail services terminated outside London, with Great North Eastern Railway trains stopping at Peterborough and Virgin Trains West Coast stopping at Watford Junction.
The London Ambulance Service reported that they would "only be sending ambulances to patients across the capital with life-threatening illnesses or injuries".
The Metropolitan Police Service urged people not to enter London, and to limit their usage of public transport.
Schools in the capital did not close on 7 July, as police thought it safer for children to remain in classes. On 8 July, most schools in central London were closed due to transport difficulties.
In London, security responses saw major buildings such as the Houses of Parliament and Buckingham Palace sealed off. Most landmarks such as the London Eye and Westminster Abbey were closed. All theatre productions in the West End were cancelled, as were several concerts. The Bank of England commenced financial continuity plans, to keep the financial system operational.
East Croydon station was closed due to a suspect package, but was later re-opened. There were reports of Victoria station being cordoned off by police amid reports of a "suspicious package" on a bus near the station.
Nationwide
Security alerts were reported in Ed
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KTSL
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KTSL (101.9 FM) is an Air1 network affiliate radio station broadcasting a Christian worship format. Licensed to Medical Lake, Washington, the station serves the Spokane metropolitan area. KTSL is owned by Educational Media Foundation.
History
On , the station first signed on the air. It originally had the call sign KAAR and broadcast at 95.3 MHz. In 1991, it moved to 101.9 MHz, initially called "The Word In Music" and later "Power 101.9", to reflect its Christian rock sound. In July 2001, Power 101.9 changed its name to "Spirit 101.9", also changing its format to a more worship-styled music.
On July 4, 2005, after seeing its ratings drop, Spirit 101.9 was changed back to Christian rock and called "101.9 Spirit FM". As of May 2008, KTSL is broadcasting the Air 1 Radio Network, an adult contemporary format playing well established songs combined with worship music. The KTSL call letters were once used on channel 2 in Los Angeles, now KCBS-TV.
References
External links
TSL
TSL
Air1 radio stations
Radio stations established in 1990
1990 establishments in Washington (state)
Educational Media Foundation radio stations
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nihonkai%20Telecasting
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Nihonkai Telecasting Co., Ltd. (日本海テレビジョン放送株式会社, NKT) is a Japanese TV station broadcast in Tottori Prefecture and Shimane Prefecture. NKT is a TV station of Nippon News Network (NNN) and Nippon Television Network System (NNS).
History
In 1957, the Sankei Shimbun intended to apply for the establishment of a private TV station in Tottori Prefecture, and obtained the support of the local financial circles. On February 9th of the same year, Tottori Television held the first sponsor meeting. At the fifth sponsor meeting on November 18 of the same year, Tottori TV was renamed Nihonkai TV. On March 3 of the following year, Nihonkai TV held a founding meeting and formally established the company. When the broadcast started, the headquarters of Nihonkai TV was located on the 4th and 5th floors of the Tottori Chamber of Commerce and Industry. In 1958, during the preparatory period, Nihonkai TV built staff residences.
At 16:30 on March 3, 1959, Nihonkai TV officially started broadcasting, becoming the second private TV station in Chugoku after the Sanyo Broadcasting, and also the first private TV station in Sanin. At the beginning of the broadcast, Nihonkai TV mainly broadcast programs from Radio Tokyo TV, but with the launch of Sanin Broadcasting at the end of the year, Nihonkai TV switched its source to Nippon TV and Fuji TV. After that, the proportion of NTV stations gradually increased. In 1961, the Nihonkai TV Union was established. In 1963, Nihonkai TV set up the Yonago relay station, enabling the western part of Tottori Prefecture to receive the station.
On March 20, 1966, Nihonkai TV Station began to broadcast color TV programs, becoming the first TV station in San'in to broadcast color TV. Four years later, in 1970, Nihonkai TV's self-made local news was first broadcast in color. In 1972, Nihonkai TV launched a new logo designed by designer Yasuhisa Iguchi through public solicitation. In the same year, Nihonkai TV set up a branch in Shimane Prefecture, in connection with the decision taken to merge the TV broadcasting markets of Tottori and Shimane as one. According to the audience rating survey conducted by Video Research in April 1973, Nihonkai TV ranked first in both Tottori City and Matsue City. In 1978, the Nihonkai TV Matsue Building was completed. The building is 8 stories high, and part of the space is leased to other companies. In 1987, Nihonkai TV further upgraded the Matsue branch to the Matsue head office, establishing a dual head office system. Most of the TV Asahi programs moved to BSS in 1989.
In 1991, NKT began to implement the two-day weekly holiday system. In May of the same year, Nihonkai TV built a new headquarter building. The new headquarters was completed in September of the following year. In December of the same year, Nihonkai TV moved into the new headquarters to broadcast its signals. In 1996, Nihonkai TV won the triple crown of ratings for the first time. In August 2000, Nihonkai TV opened its official website.
In
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local%20on%20the%208s
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Local on the 8s (or the Local Forecast) is a program segment that airs on the American network The Weather Channel. It provides viewers with information on current and forecasted weather conditions for their respective area; a version of this segment is also available on the channel's national satellite feed that features forecasts for each region of the United States. The name comes from the timing of the segment, as airs at timeslots that end in "8" (examples: 9:18 and 12:48); because of this manner of scheduling, the forecast segments air on the channel in ten-minute intervals. From 2006-2013, each forecast segment had usually been preceded by a promo for one of The Weather Channel's programs or services, leading into the segment with the announcer stating "And now, your Local on the 8s". On November 12, 2013, the promo segment was replaced by an intro that was built into the Local on the 8s segment. As of April 2018, the segment airs at approximately :18 past each hour. It also usually airs at approximately :48 past each hour during live Weather Channel broadcasts. On July 11, 2023, the music for Local on the 8s was replaced with band and jazz music.
History
The Weather Channel has carried a local weather forecast segment since the network was launched on May 2, 1982. The segments were originally seen either every five minutes or eight times an hour at various times (airing more frequently in the morning and less frequently at night). The structure of scheduling the segments six times an hour at times ending in "8" was implemented in mid-1995. The "Local on the 8s" name was first used on April 21, 1996 to coincide with a sweeping revamp of the channel's on-air presentation; The Weather Channel filed for a trademark on the name on June 24, 1997. The name has caused confusion in the New York City market, as the now-separately owned television and radio combination of WCBS-TV and WCBS Newsradio 880 use "traffic and weather on the 8s" to refer to the combined traffic and weather segments featured on those stations (which appear on WCBS-TV only during its morning newscasts and on WCBS radio at all hours).
Forecasts are generated by a WeatherStar machine, a proprietary hardware system in the form of a computerized unit that is installed in a headend at the facilities of local pay television providers that carry the channel. Weather information is received from the vertical blanking interval of the TWC video feed and from data transmitted via satellite, which is then sent to the WeatherStar unit that inserts the localized data over the TWC feed. The WeatherStar systems are capable of adding or removing segments shown within the main local forecast segment, with the common exception of the extended forecast; these customized segments are referred to as "flavors," which allow variabilities in the weather graphics displayed during each local forecast segment, resulting in certain types of specialized weather data appearing only at specific times or l
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WPFO
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WPFO (channel 23) is a television station licensed to Waterville, Maine, United States, serving the Portland area as an affiliate of the Fox network. It is owned by Cunningham Broadcasting, which maintains a local marketing agreement (LMA) with Sinclair Broadcast Group, owner of CBS affiliate WGME-TV (channel 13), for the provision of certain services. However, Sinclair effectively owns WPFO as the majority of Cunningham's stock is owned by the family of deceased group founder Julian Smith. The stations share studios on Northport Drive in the North Deering section of Portland, while WPFO's transmitter is located on Brown Hill west of Raymond.
History
The station began broadcasting on August 27, 1999, as WMPX-TV and was a Pax TV (now Ion Television) affiliate owned by Paxson Communications (now Ion Media Networks). In addition to Pax programming, WMPX carried a small amount of local programming and in 2001, the station began airing rebroadcasts of NBC affiliate WCSH (channel 6)'s 11 p.m. newscasts when NBC had a partnership with Pax. Paxson sold the station in December 2002 to Corporate Media Consultants Group who changed the call sign to the current WPFO. The new calls reflected an affiliation change to Fox, which took place on April 7, 2003, filling a gap created in fall 2001 when WPXT (channel 51) switched to The WB. In the interim, prime time and children's programming from the Fox network was provided exclusively on WFXT (which was owned by the network at the time) for those living on the New Hampshire side of the market, and on Foxnet for cable subscribers throughout the entire state of Maine; WCKD-LP served as a secondary affiliate of Fox during that time, but only carried the network's sports programming. In July 2007, WPFO debuted a new logo and updated website. The website's design was outsourced to Fox Interactive Media which also develops websites for Fox's owned-and-operated stations. WPFO switched website providers to Broadcast Interactive Media in March 2010. Currently WPFO's website provider is Sinclair Interactive Media.
As WPFO, in addition to Fox prime time, sports and syndicated programming, the station produces and airs local paid programming under the titles Fox 23 Lifestyle and Your Hometown. It was announced by the Maine Lottery on April 16, 2010, that starting May 11, WPFO would begin airing the Mega Millions lottery drawings Tuesday and Friday nights at 11 following the hour long 10 o'clock newscast. Maine joined the Mega Millions lottery on May 9 starting ticket sales on that date.
On October 31, 2013, Sinclair Broadcast Group acquired the non-license assets of WPFO from Corporate Media Consultants Group for $13.6 million; the deal made it a sister station to WGME-TV, which already produced newscasts for the station. On November 20, it was announced that Cunningham Broadcasting would acquire the license assets for $3.4 million. The sale of the license assets was approved on June 23, 2017. The sale was completed on Au
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