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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WWIVnet	WWIVnet was a Bulletin board system (BBS) network for WWIV-based BBSes. It was created by Wayne Bell on December 1, 1987. The system was similar to FidoNet in purpose, but used a very different routing mechanism that was more automated and distributed. Network layout WWIVnet consisted of several participating BBSes, each referenced by a unique number called a node number. Originally, WWIVnet nodes were numbered by area code. The format was TXYZZ, where X and Y were the first and last digits of the area code, and ZZ was a number that ranged from 00 to 49 in area codes with a middle digit of 0, or a number between 50 and 99 in area codes with a middle digit of 1. The T portion of the node number was only used if a particular area code ran out of node numbers in their assigned range and needed more, the T would become 1. Thus, node 5802 would be a node in the 508 area code, and node 12263 would be a node in a very busy 212 area code. This numbering system worked well until the telephone systems began using area codes that used numbers other than 1 or 0 as the middle digit. When this occurred, WWIVnet realized it had to change its numbering system so a group based system was adopted, where node numbers would change to an XZZZ system. In this system, X would be the group number, and ZZZ would be the system number under that group. The network's administration was set up where every area code had an Area Coordinator (AC) which was responsible for maintaining information about the nodes in their area code. The AC reported to the Group Coordinator (GC), which was responsible for updating the node lists for the area codes under them. The GC reported to the Network Coordinator (NC), who was responsible for sending out node list updates. The NC was the person who was ultimately in charge of WWIVnet. The network structure, however, had everything to do with administration but nothing to do with the way traffic was transmitted. Simply put the only way to control the flow of data was to reduce the number of nodes on the network the system connected to. If two nodes were connected and it was the closest possible route for other nodes the traffic would follow that route. So if a node wanted to stop through traffic then they would connect to a single node for all traffic. There was no other form of traffic control on the network. Connection weight although added to the network data record was never implemented. If a specific route went down, the network would automatically try to reroute the packets in the next fastest route it could calculate. This method was an early version of peer-to-peer file sharing and may be the first instance of this type of file sharing. Note that while FidoNet was created before WWIVnet and transmitted files between systems, it did not use a peer-to-peer system because the traffic was routed using a set hierarchical model and servers (hubs/feeds) controlled all traffic. Wayne Bell referred to the networking method used
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Current%20Affair%20%28Australian%20TV%20program%29	A Current Affair (or ACA) is an Australian current affairs program airing weeknights and Saturday nights on the Nine Network. The program is currently hosted by Allison Langdon and Deborah Knight (Saturday). History 1970s A Current Affair was first broadcast on 22 November 1971, with Mike Willesee, screening weeknights at 7:00 p.m., and was broadcast for GTV-9. For part of its early run, the comedian and actor Paul Hogan had a comic social commentary segment. Under Willesee, ACA was a Transmedia production for the Nine Network. When Willesee left Nine in 1974 to move to the rival 0–10 Network (now known as Network 10), journalist Mike Minehan took over presenting ACA. Other hosts included Sue Smith, Kevin Sanders and Michael Schildberger. The original A Current Affair was cancelled on 28 April 1978 due to strong competition in the 7:00 p.m. timeslot from Willesee at Seven on Seven Network and Graham Kennedy's Blankety Blanks on the 0–10 Network. In 1984, Willesee returned to the Nine Network to revive the format in a series titled Willesee, screening Monday to Thursday nights at 9:30. The following year, Willesee moved to the earlier 6:30 p.m. timeslot and extended to five nights a week, running until 1988, when Willesee's production company, Transmedia, sold the rights to the program to the Nine Network. 1988 revival When Willesee left the presenting role, former 60 Minutes presenter Jana Wendt took over on 18 January 1988 and the show once again became A Current Affair. This was the same week the Seven Network's soap opera Home and Away was introduced, and in Melbourne where Derryn Hinch debuted rival current affairs program Hinch at Seven. The Seven Network introduced direct competition with Real Life, which later became Today Tonight. Jana Wendt left the program in November 1992, unhappy with an ACA story showing topless women. In 1993, original ACA host Mike Willesee took over for the whole year. In February 1994, Ray Martin took over. Martin signed off at the end of November 1998. From 1999 to 2002, Mike Munro hosted. When he left the program in 2002, he returned to This Is Your Life, 60 Minutes, and later National Nine News in Sydney. After Mike Munro's departure, Ray Martin returned in February 2003, and signed off again at the start of December 2005. During the 2005/2006 holiday period, the Nine Network announced that ACA was to be "rested" for four weeks to enable a major revamp of the production to take place. On 30 January 2006, two weeks after the program's return, ACA was re-launched with new host Tracy Grimshaw. On September 5 2022, Grimshaw announced that she would step down as host in November 2022 after 16 years, with Allison Langdon to host from 2023. National edition Weeknights Leila McKinnon, Deborah Knight and Sylvia Jeffreys are the main fill-in presenter when Langdon is on leave. Ben Fordham, Karl Stefanovic, Dimity Clancey, Brady Halls, Peter Overton and Eddie McGuire, among others, have also filled in. In J
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riplock	Riplock is a firmware component of some computer DVD and Blu-ray drives that enforces a speed ceiling below a drive's physical capabilities (typically 2×) when DVD-Video or BDMV data is being read. CDs are usually not affected, nor are DVDs or Blu-rays not authored as videodiscs. Riplock's stated purpose is to reduce noise during video playback by preventing a drive from spinning up faster than would be necessary to read a standards-compliant disc. It has been asserted that Riplock is also (or solely) intended to deter video ripping (specifically illicit ripping of copyrighted content, i.e., piracy) by making the process artificially time-consuming. For example, a feature film pressed on a dual-layer Blu-ray (the most common variant for commercial movies) can take up to 90 minutes to rip at 2×, while ripping the same film without Riplock would take half an hour or less even with a power-limited slim drive (and potentially as little as 12 minutes with a modern half-height drive and capable system). This theory is lent credence by the fact that nearly all pre-Riplock drives were already calibrated to not spin faster than necessary during real-time video playback, and modern drives not incorporating Riplock continue to be. Some Riplock drives can be restored to full functionality by applying a third-party firmware patch or, if Riplock was not part of the drive originally but became added through an update, reverting to an earlier revision of the official firmware. Because optical drive firmware is rarely intended to be modified by end users, this will typically void a drive owner's warranty, especially in the former case. References External links Riplock firmware patch DVD
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ST%20Format	ST Format was a computer magazine in the UK covering the Atari ST during the late 1980s and early 1990s. Like other members of the Future plc Format stable - PC Format and Amiga Format, for instance, it combined software and hardware reviews with columnists, letters pages and a cover disk. The magazine was launched in 1989 when its predecessor, the short-lived ST/Amiga Format was split into two separate publications. Most of the staff went on to work at ST Format with Amiga Format essentially being a whole new magazine. Later on, the magazine was kept alive by enthusiastic freelancers such as Frank Charlton and Andy Curtis, as well as dedicated staff writers and editors such as Clive Parker and Nick Peers. ST Format continued publication until 1996, when production of the Atari ST and Atari Falcon computers was all but over. The final issue was published in September 1996, and was the eighty-sixth issue of the magazine. Fan sites for the magazine still exist on the internet, some featuring archives of features from the magazines. References External links The ST Format Shrine ST Format Cover Images Archived ST Format magazines on the Internet Archive 1989 establishments in the United Kingdom 1996 disestablishments in the United Kingdom Atari ST magazines Defunct computer magazines published in the United Kingdom Magazines established in 1989 Magazines disestablished in 1996 Mass media in Bath, Somerset Monthly magazines published in the United Kingdom Video game magazines published in the United Kingdom
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TeraGrid	TeraGrid was an e-Science grid computing infrastructure combining resources at eleven partner sites. The project started in 2001 and operated from 2004 through 2011. The TeraGrid integrated high-performance computers, data resources and tools, and experimental facilities. Resources included more than a petaflops of computing capability and more than 30 petabytes of online and archival data storage, with rapid access and retrieval over high-performance computer network connections. Researchers could also access more than 100 discipline-specific databases. TeraGrid was coordinated through the Grid Infrastructure Group (GIG) at the University of Chicago, working in partnership with the resource provider sites in the United States. History The US National Science Foundation (NSF) issued a solicitation asking for a "distributed terascale facility" from program director Richard L. Hilderbrandt. The TeraGrid project was launched in August 2001 with $53 million in funding to four sites: the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC) at the University of California, San Diego, the University of Chicago Argonne National Laboratory, and the Center for Advanced Computing Research (CACR) at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, California. The design was meant to be an extensible distributed open system from the start. In October 2002, the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (PSC) at Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh joined the TeraGrid as major new partners when NSF announced $35 million in supplementary funding. The TeraGrid network was transformed through the ETF project from a 4-site mesh to a dual-hub backbone network with connection points in Los Angeles and at the Starlight facilities in Chicago. In October 2003, NSF awarded $10 million to add four sites to TeraGrid as well as to establish a third network hub, in Atlanta. These new sites were Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Purdue University, Indiana University, and the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) at The University of Texas at Austin. TeraGrid construction was also made possible through corporate partnerships with Sun Microsystems, IBM, Intel Corporation, Qwest Communications, Juniper Networks, Myricom, Hewlett-Packard Company, and Oracle Corporation. TeraGrid construction was completed in October 2004, at which time the TeraGrid facility began full production. Operation In August 2005, NSF's newly created office of cyberinfrastructure extended support for another five years with a $150 million set of awards. It included $48 million for coordination and user support to the Grid Infrastructure Group at the University of Chicago led by Charlie Catlett. Using high-performance network connections, the TeraGrid featured high-performance computers, data resources and tools, and high-end experimental facilities around the USA. The work supporte
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eberouge	is a video game developed by Japan Media Programming and published by Takara on the Sega Saturn and PlayStation in Japan in 1997. It is a dating sim game with similar gameplay and graphical representation to Konami's Tokimeki Memorial. Story and World Setting The story happens in a parallel world named EbeLand. The setting is similar to the medieval age in Europe. Magic is common and is a common subject taught in colleges. In this world, the ecosystem is originated and supported by a central huge tree. However, due to the overdevelopment of industries and use of fossil fuel, global warming is rampant. The huge tree is dying, which endangers the game world. Long ago, this land was saved by the Goddess Ebe from total destruction, but years later, an archeologist among the survivors felt the balance of the land tipping again. So he created institutes to train a student that can create magic, as the Goddess did, to save the land once more. 1997 video games Dating sims Japan-exclusive video games PlayStation (console) games Sega Saturn games Romance video games Takara video games Video games developed in Japan
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvia%20Poggioli	Sylvia Poggioli ( or ; born 19 May 1946) is a retired American radio reporter best known for her work with National Public Radio. She was the network's longtime senior European correspondent. Early life Poggioli was born in Providence, Rhode Island, and raised in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where she attended the Buckingham School (now Buckingham Browne & Nichols). She graduated from Harvard College in 1968. She did post-graduate work at the University of Rome as a Fulbright Scholar. The selection of Rome was no coincidence, as she is the daughter of Italian anti-fascists who in the 1930s were forced to flee Italy under Mussolini. Her father, Renato Poggioli, was the author of The Theory of the Avant-Garde and one of the founders of the anti-fascist Mazzini Society. Career In 1971, Poggioli began working for Ansa, the Italian news service, at their English desk. She made her debut on NPR on September 4, 1982. She continued serving both Ansa and NPR for four years before leaving Ansa in 1986. Poggioli eventually rose to European correspondent for NPR. Her radio career was interrupted in 1990 when she spent a year as a research fellow at Harvard Kennedy School at Harvard University. Poggioli was in London, gathering European reaction, during the 1991 Gulf War. Later, she was lauded for her coverage of the war among the Bosnians, Serbs, and Croats. For her coverage, she won the George Foster Peabody Award in 1993. In 1993, she also won the Weintal Prize for Diplomatic Reporting. In 2005 Poggioli was the featured reporter for the funeral of Pope John Paul II and subsequent conclave. Poggioli became a favorite reporter of the Magliozzi Brothers on Car Talk, possibly on account of their common Italian ancestry. They featured her name in a dish on a tongue-in-cheek NPR staff menu, as Sylvia Poggioli Ravioli. Her name has also been featured in the absurdist comic strip Zippy the Pinhead. In 2000, Poggioli received an honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters from Brandeis University. In 2006, she received an honorary degree from the University of Massachusetts at Boston. In March 2023, NPR announced her retirement, effective at the end of the month. In retirement, she plans to write a biography about her father. Personal life Poggioli resides in Rome, Italy. Her husband, Piero Benetazzo, a 1982 Nieman Fellow, died January 11, 2015, at home in Rome 13 months after he was diagnosed with a brain tumor. He was 78. See also List of Peabody Award winners (1990–1999) Tom and Ray Magliozzi References External links Biography at NPR American emigrants to Italy 20th-century American women journalists American people of Italian descent Harvard College alumni NPR personalities People from Providence, Rhode Island Journalists from Rome Living people 1946 births Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences Buckingham Browne & Nichols School alumni 20th-century American journalists 21st-century American journalists 21st-century American women journa
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eggerland	The series consists of several puzzle games developed by HAL Laboratory. Its first release was in 1985 for MSX computer systems. The gameplay is almost exactly the same across the series, with only a few changes over the years, mainly graphical. The hero of most games is Lolo, a blue, spherical character with eyes, arms, and legs. The story mainly deals with King Egger, the villain, capturing princess Lala, who is similar to Lolo, only colored pink or red, and wearing a bow. Lolo must rescue Lala by travelling through Egger's domain and solving the puzzle rooms laid out before him. List of titles None of the Japanese games in the Eggerland series were released in North America, and conversely, none of the three American games were released in Japan. Europe saw the release of three Japanese games, as well as the three American games. Below is a list of all video games and their respective releases. Although the graphics and game engine of the Japanese Adventures of Lolo are identical to those of the Western Adventures of Lolo 2, the stages are completely different. Therefore, they are two separate video games. The Japanese Adventures of Lolo 1 & 2 include original stages, whereas the American Adventures of Lolo 1 & 2 are compilations of stages taken from earlier Japan-only titles. The American Adventures of Lolo 3 includes mostly original stages, instead, usually easier than the stages in the Japanese Adventures of Lolo 2. Gameplay overview Basics The player must guide Lolo through a room of 11×11 tiles and have Lolo collect all of the Heart Framers (sometimes referred to as Hearts) in the room. Doing so opens up a Jewel Box, which contains an item (sometimes a key or jewel). Successfully acquiring the contents of the Jewel Box will clear the room of all monsters and open the way to the next room(s). Players need to navigate Lolo past the many monsters seen throughout the rooms — some are harmless while others are deadly. Lolo's only weapon is a Magic Shot. Two shots (and always two shots) are obtained by collecting certain Heart Framers (sometimes referred to as Shot Framers). Heart Framers containing magic shots are not differentiated in appearance from regular Heart Framers. Collecting a Heart Framer that does contain magic shots, however, is normally indicated by a different sound effect than a regular Heart Framer's. Magic shots allow Lolo to temporarily turn enemies into Eggs, which can be pushed around, but not pulled. Monsters in eggs will hatch after a few seconds. If Lolo shoots an egg a second time, it will fly off the screen, though the monster will reappear at its original starting point a few seconds later. Reappearance is typically indicated by an outlined box of sorts and then the monster physically appearing very shortly afterward. Lolo may move through the outlined box unhindered. If a monster's starting point is covered with an Emerald Framer or another monster and there are no warp holes in the level, the monster will
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel%20Macht	Gabriel Swann Macht (born January 22, 1972) is an American actor. He is best known for portraying Harvey Specter in the USA Network series Suits (2011–2019) and the title character in the 2008 superhero film The Spirit. Early life Macht was born in The Bronx, New York City. He is the son of Suzanne Victoria Pulier, a museum curator and archivist, and actor Stephen Macht. He has three siblings: Jesse, a musician (who appeared on The Next Great American Band), Ari Serbin, and Julie. His family is Jewish. Macht was raised in California from the age of five. After graduating from Beverly Hills High School, he attended Carnegie Mellon College of Fine Arts, where he graduated in 1994. During his time at Carnegie Mellon, he became a member of Delta Upsilon fraternity. Career Macht was nominated for the Best Young Motion Picture Actor Award after playing his first role at age eight in the film Why Would I Lie? under the stage name Gabriel Swann. He has appeared in many film and television roles including A Love Song for Bobby Long, The Good Shepherd, Because I Said So, The Recruit, and Archangel. For the 2001 film Behind Enemy Lines, Macht spent a week at sea filming on the flight deck, corridors, and hangar bay #3 of the USS Carl Vinson. Macht played the title role in Frank Miller's 2008 adaptation of Will Eisner's comic creation The Spirit. Although the film was a failure upon theatrical release, the film and Macht himself both gained a cult following. In July 2010, it was announced that Macht had signed on to star in the USA Network drama Suits, which was originally known under the working title A Legal Mind. The series ran for nine seasons and 134 episodes, Macht appearing in all. Macht began receiving co-producer credit during season 3. In 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2019, his father Stephen Macht, guest starred opposite him, playing Henry Gerard, an ethics professor from Harvard. Personal life Macht married Australian-born actress Jacinda Barrett in 2004. The couple's first child, a girl, was born in August 2007 in Los Angeles. They had a second child, a son, in February 2014. Macht has been friends with his Suits co-star Sarah Rafferty since they met in 1993 at the Williamstown Theatre Festival. Macht is a vegetarian and practices green living. Filmography Film Television References External links 1972 births Male actors from California Male actors from New York City American male film actors American male television actors Carnegie Mellon University College of Fine Arts alumni Jewish American male actors Living people 20th-century American male actors 21st-century American male actors People from the Bronx American Ashkenazi Jews
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dave%20Colclough	David E. Colclough (4 March 1964 – 18 October 2016) was a Welsh professional poker player. Early life Colclough was born in Carmarthen. Prior to becoming a poker professional, he worked in computing. He left computing after the 2000 World Series of Poker. Poker career His tournament results include a second at the 2000 World Series of Poker $2,000 Worldpokertour.com: Dave Colclough </ref> In 2005, he reached the semi-finals of the World Heads-Up Poker Championship, earning €20,000. In 2003, he was voted European Poker Player of the Year. His total live poker tournament winnings exceeded $2,600,000. Death He returned from the Philippines to England in 2016 to seek medical care. He died on 18 October 2016, aged 52, suffering from cancer. References External links Official site 1964 births 2016 deaths Welsh poker players British gambling writers British computer specialists
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform%20access%20principle	The uniform access principle of computer programming was put forth by Bertrand Meyer (originally in his book Object-Oriented Software Construction). It states "All services offered by a module should be available through a uniform notation, which does not betray whether they are implemented through storage or through computation." This principle applies generally to the syntax of object-oriented programming languages. In simpler form, it states that there should be no syntactical difference between working with an attribute, pre-computed property, or method/query of an object. While most examples focus on the "read" aspect of the principle (i.e., retrieving a value), Meyer shows that the "write" implications (i.e., modifying a value) of the principle are harder to deal with in his monthly column on the Eiffel programming language official website. Explanation The problem being addressed by Meyer involves the maintenance of large software projects or software libraries. Sometimes when developing or maintaining software it is necessary, after much code is in place, to change a class or object in a way that transforms what was simply an attribute access into a method call. Programming languages often use different syntax for attribute access and invoking a method, (e.g., versus ). The syntax change would require, in popular programming languages of the day, changing the source code in all the places where the attribute was used. This might require changing source code in many different locations throughout a very large volume of source code. Or worse, if the change is in an object library used by hundreds of customers, each of those customers would have to find and change all the places the attribute was used in their own code and recompile their programs. Going the reverse way (from method to simple attribute) really was not a problem, as one can always just keep the function and have it simply return the attribute value. Meyer recognized the need for software developers to write code in such a way as to minimize or eliminate cascading changes in code that result from changes which convert an object attribute to a method call or vice versa. For this he developed the Uniform Access Principle. Many programming languages do not strictly support the UAP but do support forms of it. Properties, which are provided in a number of programming languages, address the problem Meyer was addressing with his UAP in a different way. Instead of providing a single uniform notation, properties provide a way to invoke a method of an object while using the same notation as is used for attribute access. The separate method invocation syntax is still available. UAP example If the language uses the method invocation syntax it may look something like this. // Assume print displays the variable passed to it, with or without parens // Set Foo's attribute 'bar' to value 5. Foo.bar(5) print Foo.bar() When executed, should display : 5 Whether or not invokes a func
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%20in%20computing	Women in computing were among the first programmers in the early 20th century, and contributed substantially to the industry. As technology and practices altered, the role of women as programmers has changed, and the recorded history of the field has downplayed their achievements. Since the 18th century, women have developed scientific computations, including Nicole-Reine Lepaute's prediction of Halley's Comet, and Maria Mitchell's computation of the motion of Venus. The first algorithm intended to be executed by a computer was designed by Ada Lovelace who was a pioneer in the field. Grace Hopper was the first person to design a compiler for a programming language. Throughout the 19th and early 20th century, and up to World War II, programming was predominantly done by women; significant examples include the Harvard Computers, codebreaking at Bletchley Park and engineering at NASA. After the 1960s, the computing work that had been dominated by women evolved into modern software, and the importance of women decreased. The gender disparity and the lack of women in computing from the late 20th century onward has been examined, but no firm explanations have been established. Nevertheless, many women continued to make significant and important contributions to the IT industry, and attempts were made to readdress the gender disparity in the industry. In the 21st century, women held leadership roles in multiple tech companies, such as Meg Cushing Whitman, president and chief executive officer of Hewlett Packard Enterprise, and Marissa Mayer, president and CEO of Yahoo! and key spokesperson at Google. There is a common notion that trans women are disproportionately involved with computing. Famous trans women involved with computing include Lynn Conway. History 1700s Nicole-Reine Etable de la Brière Lepaute was one of a team of human computers who worked with Alexis-Claude Clairaut and Joseph-Jérôme Le Français de Lalande to predict the date of the return of Halley's Comet. They began work on the calculations in 1757, working throughout the day and sometimes during mealtimes. Their methods were followed by successive human computers. They divided large calculations into "independent pieces, assembled the results from each piece into a final product" and then checked for errors. Lepaute continued to work on computing for the rest of her life, working for the Connaissance des Temps and publishing predictions of solar eclipses. 1800s One of the first computers for the American Nautical Almanac was Maria Mitchel. Her work on the assignment was to compute the motion of the planet Venus. The Almanac never became a reality, but Mitchell became the first astronomy professor at Vassar. Ada Lovelace was the first person to publish an algorithm intended to be executed by the first modern computer, the Analytical Engine created by Charles Babbage. As a result, she is often regarded as the first computer programmer. Lovelace was introduced to Babbage's diffe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veritas%20Storage%20Foundation	Veritas Storage Foundation (VSF), previously known as Veritas Foundation Suite, is a computer software product made by Veritas Software that combines Veritas Volume Manager (VxVM) and Veritas File System (VxFS) to provide online-storage management. Symantec Corporation developed and maintained VSF until January 29, 2016, at which point Veritas and Symantec separated. The latest product version, 7.0, was re-branded as "Veritas InfoScale 7.0". Veritas Storage Foundation provides: Dynamic storage tiering (DST) Dynamic multipathing (DMP) RAID support Major releases Veritas Storage Foundation was also packaged in bundles such as Veritas Storage Foundation Veritas Cluster Server, for databases, for Oracle RAC, and Veritas Cluster File System. Veritas InfoScale Enterprise 7.0, December 2015 Veritas Storage Foundation 6.0, December 2011 Veritas Storage Foundation 5.1, December 2009 Veritas Storage Foundation Basic 4.x and 5.x, February 2007, free version, impose usage limits Veritas Storage Foundation 5.0, July 2006 Veritas Storage Foundation 4.3 (Windows-only release), August 2005 Veritas Storage Foundation 4.2 (Windows-only release), December 2004 Support Microsoft Multipath I/O (MPIO) (only Windows 2003) Includes Veritas Volume Replicator (VVR) Veritas Storage Foundation 4.1, May 2004 Veritas Storage Foundation 4.0 Veritas Foundation Suite 3.5 Veritas Foundation Suite 3.4 Veritas Foundation Suite 2.2 Supported OS platforms included AIX, Solaris, HP-UX, Red Hat Linux, SUSE Linux and Microsoft Windows. See also Veritas Volume Manager (VxVM) Veritas File System (VxFS) Symantec Operations Readiness Tools (SORT) References Storage software
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto%20Water	Toronto Water is the municipal division of the City of Toronto under Infrastructure and Development Services responsible for the water supply network, and stormwater and wastewater management in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, as well as parts of Peel and York Regions. History Early days Water treatment was originally established in order to provide safe drinking water. In the 19th century, the water off the city's shores was severely polluted by the dumping of waste from residences and businesses. Before 1842, Toronto's water supply was manually pumped from Lake Ontario, streams and wells. Water carters would take the water and distribute it to customers across the city. Private water supply From 1843 to 1873, water was privately provided by Furniss Works or Toronto Water Works, a subsidiary of Toronto Gas Light and Water Company, which was owned by Montreal businessman Albert Furniss. Following Furniss's death in 1872, the City of Toronto bought out Furniss Works and transformed the water supply to public hands under the Toronto Water Works Commission. Suburban water supply Outside of the pre-amalgamation City of Toronto each of the former municipalities had its own treatment plants and pumping stations. North York had three, one at Oriole, which was built in the 1923, the ruins of pumping station found near Duncan Mills Rd and Don Mills Rd, Steeles built in the 1930s, and Sheppard West built in the 1940s. Scarborough had one built in 1921 and New Toronto had one built in 1924. Prior to the 1950s, the municipalities were responsible for water treatment and water came from local water sources like wells and streams. Metro Toronto The current system was introduced in the mid-1950s, with the formation of Metro Toronto in 1954, and was managed by Metro Toronto. Since 1975, Toronto has supplied water to York Region (mostly to residents in the south end of York). City of Toronto Following amalgamation in 1998, Toronto Water was created from the Toronto Works and Emergency Services and once part of Metro Toronto Works department. As of April 2005, the departments and commissioners were replaced by divisions under the City Manager (and Deputy Managers). Toronto Water is now under the Toronto Water Division. Drinking water operations Treatment process Water pumped from Lake Ontario is treated via conventional drinking water treatment processes: Pre-chlorination Flocculation and sedimentation Filtration Chlorination Chloramination, prior to distribution Treatment plants The City of Toronto uses four water treatment plants, all of which are located next to and get their water from Lake Ontario: R.C. Harris Water Treatment Plant The R. C. Harris Water Treatment Plant is located east of Old Toronto at the eastern end of Queen St East and the foot of Victoria Park Ave at Lake Ontario. It is the oldest of the operational water treatment plants in Toronto, being opened on November 1, 1941 after construction started in 1932. The plant has a capacit
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egghead%20Software	Egghead Software was an American computer software retailer. Founded in 1984, it filed for bankruptcy in 2001 and its domain name was acquired by Amazon.com. History The company was founded by Victor D. Alhadeff in 1984, as a single store in Bellevue, Washington. Customers were able to sign up for a "CUE" card ("Customer Updates and 'Eggs' tras") that would provide discounts. By June 1987, when Alhadeff was 40 years old, the company had 50 stores on the West Coast of the United States. In June 1988, the company became a public company via an initial public offering. Within a year, the stock price dropped from $17 per share to $11 per share and top executives, including the founder, were sued for fraud for failing to disclose material facts about the true condition of the company's inventory systems and finances. By December 1989, the company had 206 stores, but closed 20 of them due to losses and inventory issues and theft. In June 1993, the company released its first software product, Egghead Express, which allowed customers to place and manage orders. In 1995, the company moved its headquarters from Issaquah, Washington, east of Seattle, to Spokane. At that time, it had 2,500 employees and operated retail stores in 30 states. Also in 1995, when the development manager of Windows 95 wanted to test compatibility, he bought a copy of every program for sale at an Egghead store. In 1996, George Orban became chairman and in January 1997, he became CEO. In May 1996, Egghead sold its Corporate, Government & Education division to Software Spectrum for $45 million (~$ in ). At that time, the stock price was $6 per share and there was speculation of a takeover of the company. In February 1997, the company announced it would close 77 of its 156 stores and reported additional losses.In May 1997, the company acquired competitor Surplus Software Inc. for $31.5 million (~$ in ). In January 1998, the company reported a loss and announced it would close all 80 of its remaining stores, lay off 600 of its 800 employees, and sell only through its website, Egghead.com. Its stock price fell 18% on the news. In July 1998, during the dot-com bubble, shares soared to $25 (~$ in ) as investors bought up shares of internet companies. In 1999, the company merged with OnSale.com in a $375 million (~$ in ) all-stock transaction. The company kept the Egghead.com name and the CEO of Onsale, Jerry Kaplan, became CEO of the combined company. In December 2000, right before Christmas, the company's servers were compromised, and it feared that the credit card data of over 3.7 million people was stolen. The company first publicly denied that there was a problem, then notified Visa Inc., which notified banks, who notified consumers, causing the breach to escalate into a full-blown scandal. Many credit cards were cancelled. The company later discovered that credit card information was not obtained. In August 2001, the company filed bankruptcy and worked out a deal to be
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katrina%20Warren	Dr Katrina Louise Warren (born 8 December 1967) is an Australian veterinarian, best known as the co-host of several popular television programs on the Seven Network. Career After working as a fashion model in Japan, Warren first appeared on television screens in the Ten Network's children's program Totally Wild in 1994. Warren is best known for her appearances from 1997 on the Seven Network family show Harry's Practice as a resident vet. She was the star of "Beverly Hills Vet" a show produced by Animal Planet in 2003. She also appeared in 2004 as a contestant on Australia's Dancing with the Stars. Warren also presented on the Channel Seven lifestyle show Melbourne Weekender with Jo Silvagni. From 2008 to 2010, Warren worked as a host of the TV Show Housecat Housecall on Animal Planet in the US. Personal life Warren gave birth to her daughter Charlotte Darcy in 2007, now an actress and TikToker. Warren and her husband, Anthony Darcy, separated 15 months later. Warren lives in Sydney. References External links 1967 births Australian veterinarians University of Sydney alumni Living people Women veterinarians Australian women television presenters
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirth%27s%20law	Wirth's law is an adage on computer performance which states that software is getting slower more rapidly than hardware is becoming faster. The adage is named after Niklaus Wirth, a computer scientist who discussed it in his 1995 article "A Plea for Lean Software". History Wirth attributed the saying to Martin Reiser, who in the preface to his book on the Oberon System wrote: "The hope is that the progress in hardware will cure all software ills. However, a critical observer may observe that software manages to outgrow hardware in size and sluggishness." Other observers had noted this for some time before; indeed, the trend was becoming obvious as early as 1987. He states two contributing factors to the acceptance of ever-growing software as: "rapidly growing hardware performance" and "customers' ignorance of features that are essential versus nice-to-have". Enhanced user convenience and functionality supposedly justify the increased size of software, but Wirth argues that people are increasingly misinterpreting complexity as sophistication, that "these details are cute but not essential, and they have a hidden cost". As a result, he calls for the creation of "leaner" software and pioneered the development of Oberon, a software system developed between 1986 and 1989 based on nothing but hardware. Its primary goal was to show that software can be developed with a fraction of the memory capacity and processor power usually required, without sacrificing flexibility, functionality, or user convenience. Other names The law was restated in 2009 and attributed to Google co-founder Larry Page. It has been referred to as Page's law. The first use of that name is attributed to fellow Google co-founder Sergey Brin at the 2009 Google I/O Conference. Other common forms use the names of the leading hardware and software companies of the 1990s, Intel and Microsoft, or their CEOs, Andy Grove and Bill Gates, for example "What Intel giveth, Microsoft taketh away" and Andy and Bill's law: "What Andy giveth, Bill taketh away". Gates's law ("The speed of software halves every 18 months") is an anonymously coined variant on Wirth's law, its name referencing Bill Gates, co-founder of Microsoft. It is an observation that the speed of commercial software generally slows by 50% every 18 months, thereby negating all the benefits of Moore's law. This could occur for a variety of reasons: feature creep, code cruft, developer laziness, lack of funding, forced updates, forced porting (to a newer OS or to support a new technology) or a management turnover whose design philosophy does not coincide with the previous manager. May's law, named after David May, is a variant stating: "Software efficiency halves every 18 months, compensating Moore's law". See also Code bloat Feature creep Jevons paradox Minimalism (computing) No Silver Bullet Parkinson's law Software bloat Waste References Further reading Adages Computer architecture statements Computing cultu
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KOFY-TV	KOFY-TV (channel 20) is a television station licensed to San Francisco, California, United States, serving the San Francisco Bay Area as an affiliate of the Grit network. It is owned by CNZ Communications, LLC, alongside Class A station KCNZ-CD (virtual channel 28) and low-power station KQRM-LD (virtual channel 18). The three stations share transmitter facilities atop San Bruno Mountain. KOFY-TV's studios were previously located on Marin Street in the Bayview–Hunters Point neighborhood of San Francisco until 2018; the station has since maintained space at KGO-TV's studios north of the city's Financial District. History Unbuilt The construction permit for channel 20 was first awarded to Lawrence A. Harvey as KBAY-TV on March 11, 1953. Harvey owned industrial interests in Torrance and had also attempted to pursue construction permits in Los Angeles and Salem, Oregon. Despite an apparent attempt to sign on September 15, KBAY-TV did not make the air. Leonard and Lily Averett, doing business as Bay Television, acquired the unbuilt construction permit in January 1955 for no consideration; Leonard was a doctor who lived in Beverly Hills. A third southern Californian, Sherrill Corwin, acquired channel 20 in 1957 for the $1,750 the Averetts had spent on the venture, but KBAY-TV (whose call letters were KEZE-TV from 1961 to 1963) was still not built. In late 1964, Corwin filed to sell KBAY-TV to Overmyer Communications Company, a broadcaster owned by Daniel H. Overmyer, who would later start the short-lived Overmyer Network (later called the United Network). The sale application was approved, after a hearing, in October. 1966 was a busy year: the station filed to move its facility from KGO's tower on Avanzada Street to Mount Sutro, while the call letters were changed to KEMO-TV, for Daniel's son, Edward Manning Overmyer. KEMO-TV As KEMO-TV, channel 20 would sign on April 1, 1968. It was jointly owned by the U.S. Communications Corporation station group of Philadelphia, holding an 80% interest and the remaining 20% by Corwin. Overmyer had previously sold 80% interest in the construction permits for WBMO-TV in Atlanta, WSCO-TV in Cincinnati, KEMO-TV in San Francisco, WECO-TV in Pittsburgh and KJDO-TV in Houston to AVC Corporation (U.S. Communications Corporation) on March 28, 1967, with Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approval of their sale coming December 8, 1967. None of the stations were on the air at the time of the FCC approval of the sale. Beside KEMO-TV, U.S. Communications also operated WPHL-TV in Philadelphia, WATL in Atlanta, WXIX-TV in Cincinnati and WPGH-TV in Pittsburgh. KEMO-TV showed conventional independent fare, along with The Adults Only Movie, a series of art films, not featuring sex or nudity—it was named "Adults Only" merely due to the films' lack of appeal to children. KEMO also offered Japanese live-action programs and cartoons dubbed into English including Speed Racer, Ultraman, 8 Man, Prince Planet, Johnny Cypher in Dime
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D%20GameStudio	3D GameStudio or 3DGS is a pan 3D computer game development system which allows the users to create 3D games and other virtual reality applications, and publish them royalty-free. It includes a model/terrain editor, a level editor, a script editor/debugger and comes with a big collection of textures, models and artwork, as well as a game template system that allows the creation of basic shooter games or RPGs without programming. For complex games or other applications, either the integrated programming language named Lite-C or an external development language such as Visual C++ or Borland Delphi can be used. Gamestudio is marketed at users of various skill levels, providing three different levels of usage ("beginner", "advanced", and "professional") for hobbyists, artists, as well as programmers. Additionally, Conitec also markets the system for uses such as advergame development and the creation of real-time presentations, simulations, and virtual exhibitions. Most published titles made from Gamestudio are created by development teams of only 2 to 3 developers. There is also a large online community of users in support of the development system. History 1993: ACK 3D (Animation Construction Kit) by Lary Myers (Wolfenstein-like open source engine) 1994: ACK NEXT GENERATION by Johann Christian Lotter / oP Group (improved version of ACK 3D, open source) 1995: ACKNEX-2 written for the German TV show X-BASE (engine comparable to Doom) 1995: ACKNEX-2 becomes Conitec property and is released as '3D GameStudio' 1997: ACKNEX-3 released 1999: A4 released (Windows Based Quake-like Engine) 2000: A5 released (Terrain Engine) 2003: A6 released (Physics and Shaders) 2007: A7 released (new ABT renderer and Lite-C) 2010: A8 released (Enet Network Library, Nvidia PhysX, PSSM) Free updates are normally available once every 4 to 8 weeks. Gamestudio / A8 has 2 different meanings. The Gamestudio part refers to the editors and game template system, but the A8 part refers to the game engine. Game engine The A8 engine uses panes for physics simulation. The engine automatically updates the game state on all machines when playing over a network, but also provides functions for more low-level multiplayer programming. It uses an ABT (Adaptive Binary Tree) renderer for indoor and outdoor levels, and an additional BSP renderer for indoor levels. The BSP renderer is only available in the Pro edition. The free edition and Extra edition don't support shaders. The engine supports high resolutions, terrain rendering, pre-rendered shadow maps and dynamic stencil shadows (single dynamic shadows for models). The 2D system (GUI system) of the A8 Engine is not very powerful (see scripting section), but replaceable using the 3D system if needed. Using Lite-C, most things can be customized. Shader model 3.0 support and post-processing using stages may assist shader programmers in chaining together effects to produce any number of custom-made shader effects. The editors Gam
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcast%20encryption	Broadcast encryption is the cryptographic problem of delivering encrypted content (e.g. TV programs or data on DVDs) over a broadcast channel in such a way that only qualified users (e.g. subscribers who have paid their fees or DVD players conforming to a specification) can decrypt the content. The challenge arises from the requirement that the set of qualified users can change in each broadcast emission, and therefore revocation of individual users or user groups should be possible using broadcast transmissions, only, and without affecting any remaining users. As efficient revocation is the primary objective of broadcast encryption, solutions are also referred to as revocation schemes. Rather than directly encrypting the content for qualified users, broadcast encryption schemes distribute keying information that allows qualified users to reconstruct the content encryption key whereas revoked users find insufficient information to recover the key. The typical setting considered is that of a unidirectional broadcaster and stateless users (i.e., users do not keep bookmarking of previous messages by the broadcaster), which is especially challenging. In contrast, the scenario where users are supported with a bi-directional communication link with the broadcaster and thus can more easily maintain their state, and where users are not only dynamically revoked but also added (joined), is often referred to as multicast encryption. The problem of practical broadcast encryption has first been formally studied by Amos Fiat and Moni Naor in 1994. Since then, several solutions have been described in the literature, including combinatorial constructions, one-time revocation schemes based on secret sharing techniques, and tree-based constructions. In general, they offer various trade-offs between the increase in the size of the broadcast, the number of keys that each user needs to store, and the feasibility of an unqualified user or a collusion of unqualified users being able to decrypt the content. Luby and Staddon have used a combinatorial approach to study the trade-offs for some general classes of broadcast encryption algorithms. A particularly efficient tree-based construction is the "subset difference" scheme, which is derived from a class of so-called subset cover schemes. The subset difference scheme is notably implemented in the AACS for HD DVD and Blu-ray Disc encryption. A rather simple broadcast encryption scheme is used for the CSS for DVD encryption. The problem of rogue users sharing their decryption keys or the decrypted content with unqualified users is mathematically insoluble. Traitor tracing algorithms aim to minimize the damage by retroactively identifying the user or users who leaked their keys, so that punitive measures, legal or otherwise, may be undertaken. In practice, pay TV systems often employ set-top boxes with tamper-resistant smart cards that impose physical restraints on a user learning their own decryption keys. Some broadca
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th%20Daytime%20Emmy%20Awards	The 17th Daytime Emmy Awards were held on Thursday, June 28, 1990, on ABC, to commemorate excellence in American daytime programming from March 6, 1989-March 5, 1990. The event aired from 3-5 p.m. EST, live from the Marriott Marquis Hotel in New York City. It preempted General Hospital. Outstanding Drama Series All My Children Guiding Light Santa Barbara The Young and the Restless Outstanding Lead Actor David Canary (Adam Chandler & Stuart Chandler, All My Children) Stephen Schnetzer (Cass Winthrop, Another World) A Martinez (Cruz Castillo, Santa Barbara) Peter Bergman (Jack Abbott, The Young and the Restless) Eric Braeden (Victor Newman, The Young and the Restless) Outstanding Lead Actress Susan Lucci (Erica Kane, All My Children) Elizabeth Hubbard (Lucinda Walsh, As the World Turns) Finola Hughes (Anna Devane, General Hospital) Kim Zimmer (Reva Shayne, Guiding Light) Jeanne Cooper (Katherine Chancellor, The Young and the Restless) Outstanding Supporting Actor Robert Gentry (Ross Chandler, All My Children) Kin Shriner (Scott Baldwin, General Hospital) Kristoff St. John (Adam Marshall, Generations) Jerry verDorn (Ross Marler, Guiding Light) Roscoe Born (Robert Barr, Santa Barbara) Henry Darrow (Rafael Castillo, Santa Barbara) Quinn Redeker (Rex Sterling, The Young and the Restless) Outstanding Supporting Actress Julia Barr (Brooke English, All My Children) Mary Jo Catlett (Mary Finnegan, General Hospital) Lynn Herring (Lucy Coe, General Hospital) Michelle Forbes (Sonni Carrera, Guiding Light) Jess Walton (Jill Abbott, The Young and the Restless) Outstanding Younger Actor Andrew Kavovit (Paul Ryan, As the World Turns) Bryan Buffington (Bill Lewis, Guiding Light) Outstanding Younger Actress Cady McClain (Dixie Cooney, All My Children) Liz Vassey (Emily Ann Sago, All My Children) Charlotte Ross (Eve Donovan, Days of Our Lives) Kimberly McCullough (Robin Scorpio, General Hospital) Outstanding Drama Series Writing Team All My Children Guiding Light One Life to Live Santa Barbara The Young and the Restless Outstanding Drama Series Directing Team All My Children As the World Turns Santa Barbara The Young and the Restless Outstanding Game Show Jeopardy! - A Production of Merv Griffin Enterprises (Syn. by KingWorld) The Price Is Right - A Mark Goodson Production for CBS Wheel of Fortune - A Merv Griffin Production for CBS (Syn. by KingWorld) Win, Lose or Draw - A Kilne & Friends Production for NBC (Syn. by Buena Vista) Outstanding Game Show Host TIE Alex Trebek (Jeopardy!/Classic Concentration) Bob Barker (The Price Is Right) Pat Sajak (Wheel of Fortune) Outstanding Animated Program Patsy Cameron, Clive A. Smith, Tedd Anasti, Patrick Loubert, Michael Hirsh, David Geffen, Tim Burton, Stephen Hodgins, Robin Budd and Lenora Hume (Beetlejuice) Terence Harrison, Bruce Talkington, Carter Crocker, Ed Ghertner, Ken Kessel, Stephen Sustarsic, Karl Geurs and Mark Zaslove (The New Adventures of Winnie-the-Pooh) Lane Raichert, Paul Sommer, Joseph
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good%20ol%27%20boy	{{safesubst:#invoke:RfD\|\|2=Good ol' boy\|month = August \|day = 23 \|year = 2023 \|time = 19:01 \|timestamp = 20230823190118 \|content= REDIRECT Old boy network }}
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DTWNS	DTWNS (vocalized by historians as Datawnas) was a king of Aksum (c. 272). He is mentioned with his son ZQRNS (vocalized as "Zaqarnas") in an inscription from al-Mis`al in Yemen which Yasir Yuhan'im erected after defeating father and son. Notes Kings of Axum 3rd-century monarchs in Africa Year of birth uncertain Year of death uncertain
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell%20%28computing%29	In computing, a shell is a computer program that exposes an operating system's services to a human user or other programs. In general, operating system shells use either a command-line interface (CLI) or graphical user interface (GUI), depending on a computer's role and particular operation. It is named a shell because it is the outermost layer around the operating system. Command-line shells require the user to be familiar with commands and their calling syntax, and to understand concepts about the shell-specific scripting language (for example, bash), while graphical shells place a low burden on beginning computer users and are characterized as being easy to use, yet most GUI-enabled operating systems also provide CLI shells, normally for performing advanced tasks. Overview Operating systems provide various services to their users, including file management, process management (running and terminating applications), batch processing, and operating system monitoring and configuration. Most operating system shells are not direct interfaces to the underlying kernel, even if a shell communicates with the user via peripheral devices attached to the computer directly. Shells are actually special applications that use the kernel API in just the same way as it is used by other application programs. A shell manages the user– system interaction by prompting users for input, interpreting their input, and then handling output from the underlying operating system (much like a read–eval–print loop, REPL). Since the operating system shell is actually an application, it may easily be replaced with another similar application, for most operating systems. In addition to shells running on local systems, there are different ways to make remote systems available to local users; such approaches are usually referred to as remote access or remote administration. Initially available on multi-user mainframes, which provided text-based UIs for each active user simultaneously by means of a text terminal connected to the mainframe via serial line or modem, remote access has extended to Unix-like systems and Microsoft Windows. On Unix-like systems, Secure Shell protocol is usually used for text-based shells, while SSH tunneling can be used for X Window System–based graphical user interfaces (GUIs). On Microsoft Windows, Remote Desktop Protocol can be used to provide GUI remote access, and since Windows Vista, PowerShell Remote can be used for text-based remote access via WMI, RPC, and WS-Management. Most operating system shells fall into one of two categories command-line and graphical. Command-line shells provide a command-line interface (CLI) to the operating system, while graphical shells provide a graphical user interface (GUI). Other possibilities, although not so common, include a voice user interface and various implementations of a text-based user interface (TUI) that are not CLI, such as text-based menu systems. The relative merits of CLI- and GUI-b
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoIt	AutoIt is a freeware programming language for Microsoft Windows. In its earliest release, it was primarily intended to create automation scripts (sometimes called macros) for Microsoft Windows programs but has since grown to include enhancements in both programming language design and overall functionality. The scripting language in AutoIt 1 and 2 was statement-driven and designed primarily for simulating user interaction. From version 3 onward, the AutoIt syntax is similar to that found in the BASIC family of languages. In this form, AutoIt is a general-purpose, third-generation programming language with a classical data model and a variant data type that can store several types of data, including arrays. An AutoIt automation script can be converted into a compressed, stand-alone executable which can be run on computers even if they do not have the AutoIt interpreter installed. A wide range of function libraries (known as UDFs, or "User Defined Functions") are also included as standard or are available from the website to add specialized functionality. AutoIt is also distributed with an IDE based on the free SciTE editor. The compiler and help text are fully integrated and provide a de facto standard environment for developers using AutoIt. History AutoIt1 and AutoIt2 were closed-source projects, and had a very different syntax than AutoIt3, whose syntax is more like VBScript and BASIC. AutoIt3 was initially free and open-source, licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License, with its initial public release 3.0.100 in February 2004, and had open-source releases in March 2004 and August 2004. Version 3.0.102, released in August 2004, was initially open-source, but by January 2005 was distributed as closed-source. Subsequent releases, starting from the February 2005 release of version 3.1.0, were all closed-source. Version 3.1.0 was also the first release with support for GUI scripts. Related projects The free and open-source AutoHotkey project derived 29 of its functions from the AutoIt 3.1 source code. The AutoHotkey syntax is quite different from AutoIt3 syntax, and rather resembles AutoIt2 syntax. Features AutoIt is typically used to produce utility software for Microsoft Windows and to automate routine tasks, such as systems management, monitoring, maintenance, or software installation. It is also used to simulate user interaction, whereby an application is "driven" (via automated form entry, keypresses, mouse clicks, and so on) to do things by an AutoIt script. AutoIt can also be used in low-cost laboratory automation. Applications include instrument synchronization, alarm monitoring and results gathering. Devices such as CNC routers and 3D-printers can also be controlled. 64-bit code support from version 3.2.10.0 Add-on libraries and modules for specific apps Automate sending user input and keystrokes to apps, as well as to individual controls within an app Call functions in DLL files Compatible with User
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Let%20Down%20%28Radiohead%20song%29	"Let Down" is a song by the English rock band Radiohead, from their third studio album OK Computer (1997). It was released as a promotional single in September 1997, and reached number 29 on the US Modern Rock Tracks chart. It was included on Radiohead: The Best Of (2008). Background and recording "Let Down" was intended to be the first single from OK Computer, but "Paranoid Android" was chosen instead, which, along with "Karma Police", solidified the band's popularity. The track was ultimately not released as a single because the band was unsatisfied with the video they had produced, and ended up losing money. The song reached #29 in the US Hot Modern Rock tracks chart. The song was recorded at St Catherine's Court mansion ballroom. Thom Yorke apparently was inspired to write the song while sitting in a pub, noting the customers "clinging on to bottles" and sensing in them the "emptiest of feelings," a sense of disappointment. Live performances The band has rarely performed "Let Down" live. After a 2006 performance, the song was not featured on any of the band's concert setlists for ten years until it was revived on the tour supporting A Moon Shaped Pool. The multi-track recording used in the studio version makes the song difficult to recreate live, especially with respect to the layering of multiple simultaneous vocal parts sung by Yorke. When it has been played live, Yorke has typically opted to skip the final verse and sing the accompanying background vocal part instead. Influence and cover versions In 2006 the song was covered by reggae musicians Toots & the Maytals for the Easy Star All Stars compilation album Radiodread, a complete makeover of OK Computer in ska, dub and reggae musical styles. An equally melancholy cover of the song is performed by Pedro the Lion on their 2005 live release Tour E.P. The electronic artist Let Down Loser got his name from this song. Track listing CD promo single "Let Down" – 4:59 "Let Down (Edit)" – 4:27 "Karma Police" – 4:21 Personnel Radiohead Colin Greenwood Jonny Greenwood Ed O'Brien Philip Selway Thom Yorke Additional personnel Stanley Donwood – illustrations Nigel Godrich – production, engineering Charts References Bibliography 1997 songs 1997 singles Radiohead songs Songs written by Thom Yorke Songs written by Jonny Greenwood Songs written by Ed O'Brien Songs written by Colin Greenwood Songs written by Philip Selway Song recordings produced by Nigel Godrich Parlophone singles Capitol Records singles
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCAD	PCAD may refer to: Pacific Coast Architecture Database managed by the University of Washington Pennsylvania College of Art and Design, a college in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, United States of America Plymouth College of Art, a college in Plymouth, England P-CAD (Personal CAD Systems, Inc.), a US company founded in 1982 Propulsion Cryogenics & Advanced Development (PCAD) rocket engine development project of NASA (2005-2010)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WBMR	WBMR is a radio station located in Telford, Pennsylvania, United States, that broadcasts to the Philadelphia area. WBMR specializes in religious musical programming. It is an affiliate of the VCY America Radio Network. The callsign stands for BuxMont Radio as its community of license, the borough of Telford, straddles the Bucks and Montgomery county boundary. External links Unofficial WBMR station information BMR BMR
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern%20Alliance%20%28disambiguation%29	Northern Alliance can mean any of the following: The Northern Alliance, a regional network of political activists that originated in the Lombardy, Lega Nord The Afghan Northern Alliance, a military-political umbrella organization in Afghanistan The National Resistance Front of Afghanistan also known as the Panjshir resistance, commonly considered to be the modern Northern Alliance The Northern Alliance (Myanmar), a coalition of ethnic insurgent groups in Myanmar The Northern Alliance Radio Network, an American radio talk show hosted by bloggers in Minneapolis and Saint Paul, Minnesota Northern Football Alliance, an English football competition Nordallianz: a group of German towns situated between the city of Munich and Munich Airport The Ōuetsu Reppan Dōmei, sometimes referred to in English as the Northern Alliance, a short-lived Japanese military-political coalition during the Boshin War The National Farmers' Alliance, a US Farmers' Alliance The Anti-Swedish alliance, during the Great Northern War, led by Denmark–Norway, Tsardom of Russia and Electorate of Saxony
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network%20Equipment-Building%20System	NEBS (Network Equipment-Building System) describes the environment of a typical United States RBOC Central Office. NEBS is the most common set of safety, spatial and environmental design guidelines applied to telecommunications equipment in the United States. It is an industry requirement, but not a legal requirement. NEBS was developed by Bell Labs in the 1970s to standardize equipment that would be installed in a central office. The objective was to make it easier for a vendor to design equipment compatible with a typical Regional Bell Operating Company (RBOC) central office (CO). This would result in lower development costs and ease the equipment's introduction into the network. Telcordia now manages the NEBS specifications. The four then-largest US Telecommunications companies (AT&T, Verizon, BellSouth, and CenturyLink) created the Telecommunications Carrier Group (TCG), a group formed to synchronize NEBS standards across the industry in the US. The TCG checklist specifies the individual NEBS requirements of each of its members in a matrix, making it simple to compare them. Levels "NEBS Level 1" means a very low threshold of equipment hazards and network degradation. NEBS Level 1 addresses the personnel and equipment safety requirements of GR-63-CORE and GR-1089-CORE. Operability requirements are not enforced for NEBS Level 1 certification. It is primarily used for getting prototypes into lab trials. RBOCs require all equipment deployed by CLECs to be NEBS Level 1 certified. "NEBS Level 2" addresses equipment operability in a controlled environment (usually datacenters) that will not be subjected to environmental stress. Because of ambiguity, this level of certification is rarely (if ever) used. "NEBS Level 3" is a term from Bellcore special report, SR-3580, and means the equipment meets all of the requirements of GR-63-CORE and GR-1089-CORE. NEBS Level 3 has strict specifications for fire suppression, thermal margin testing, vibration resistance (earthquakes), airflow patterns, acoustic limits, failover and partial operational requirements (such as chassis fan failures), failure severity levels, RF emissions and tolerances, and testing/certification requirements. NOTE: Verizon and AT&T do not follow NEBS Level 3 or SR-3580. They use their own NEBS checklist, Verizon Checklist (in MS Word format) and AT&T Checklist, that details what they believe are important to their network's integrity. Both accept the TCG Checklist that can be found at those websites. Physical protection of equipment NEBS contains the key industry requirements for how to design and build reliable electronics for telecom network use. It is unique in its focus on telecommunications applications and environments for electronic systems. The proper design, engineering, manufacturing, and workmanship of equipment are critical for long-term use in all environments. For physical protection, good engineering practices cover metal surface treatment and contac
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VBC-90	The Renault VBC-90 (Véhicule Blindé de Combat, or "Armoured Combat Vehicle") is a six-wheeled French armoured car carrying a 90mm high-velocity gun mated to a sophisticated fire control computer and ranging system. It was developed primarily for internal security or armed reconnaissance purposes. Modeled after Renault's Véhicule de l'Avant Blindé (VAB) armoured personnel carrier, the VBC-90 was engineered in concert with Saviem and Creusot-Loire. One was also built in prototype form by Argentina under license, where it was known as the Vehículos de Apoyo y Exploración. VBC-90s were available with various chassis configurations resembling both the VAB and the Berliet VXB-170. Development History The VBC-90 was developed by Renault and Saviem as a specialized reconnaissance and fire support variant of the Véhicule de l'Avant Blindé. It had a very wide turret ring and was manufactured specifically to carry a large-calibre gun system. At least two prototypes had been completed by 1979 and were initially designated VCS-90. The first two had boat-shaped hulls and glacis plates reminiscent of the VXB-170 and VAB, respectively. They essentially resembled six-wheeled variants of these vehicles, albeit with larger turret rings. The third had a more unique hull and a sloping glacis plate. It was this variant which was eventually accepted for production as the VBC-90. Unlike the VAB, the VBC was not developed to meet a French Army requirement and was intended solely for export to French military clients overseas. Nevertheless, from 1981, the French government ordered 28 VBC-90s for a single squadron of the Mobile Gendarmerie, as a replacement for the ageing AMX-13 light tanks. The last one was delivered in 1984. VBCs produced by Renault for the Gendarmerie were designated VBC-90G. Another 6 were delivered to Oman between 1984 and 1985 as part of a much larger shipment of VABs for the Royal Omani Guard. Oman has since announced it will be phasing out its VBC-90s in favor of the much more heavily armed B1 Centauro. The French gendarmerie relegated its VBCs to reserve storage in the early 2000s. A simplified VBC-90 variant known as the Vehículos de Apoyo y Exploración (VAPE) was developed for Argentina by Renault. It was trialled alongside a much heavier model of the ERC 90 Sagaie offered by Panhard, but neither of the two were adopted by the Argentine Army. In 2014, Lebanon was lobbying for the purchase of an undisclosed number of VBC-90s. The deal was to be partly financed with military grants from Saudi Arabia but was frozen in 2016 due to tensions between Lebanon and Saudi Arabia. Specifications It has a steel hull armoured to protect against small arms fire. It has a crew of three, with the driver sitting at the front of the vehicle with three bullet-proof windows provided for the driver. A GIAT TS 90 turret carries the commander and gunner, and carries an armament of a 90 mm cannon with a co-axial 7.62 mm machine gun. 20 rounds of 90 mm ammunition a
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical%20data%20acquisition	Acquisition or collection of clinical trial data can be achieved through various methods that may include, but are not limited to, any of the following: paper or electronic medical records, paper forms completed at a site, interactive voice response systems, local electronic data capture systems, or central web based systems. There is arguably no more important document than the instrument that is used to acquire the data from the clinical trial with the exception of the protocol, which specifies the conduct of that clinical trial. The quality of the data collected relies first and foremost on the quality of that instrument. No matter how much time and effort go into conducting the clinical trial, if the correct data points were not collected, a meaningful analysis may not be possible. It follows, therefore, that the design, development and quality assurance of such an instrument must be given the utmost attention. The ICH guidelines on good clinical practice (GCP) use the term ‘case report form’ (CRF) to refer to these systems. No matter what CRF is utilized, the quality and integrity of the data is of primary importance. See also Case report form Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium (CDISC) Clinical data management system (CDMS) Clinical Document Architecture (CDA) Data management Directive 95/46/EC on the protection of personal data Electronic data capture Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Health Level 7 Patient-reported outcome SmartPen – technological system for digitally encoding and transmitting Case Report Forms SNOMED Title 21 CFR Part 11 References Debbie Kennedy, CRF Designer, Canary Publications, Rebecca Daniels Kush (2003), eClinical Trials: Planning and Implementation, CenterWatch / Thomson Healthcare, Spilker B.L. Schoenfelder J. (1991), Data Collection Forms in Clinical Trials Raven Press, New York. External links FDA Website: Clinical Data Management Regulations Association For Clinical Data Management Society For Clinical Data Management Clinical data management Clinical research
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archie%20Campbell%20%28comedian%29	Archie Campbell (November 7, 1914 – August 29, 1987) was an American comedian, writer, and star of Hee Haw, a country-flavored network television variety show. He was also a recording artist with several hits for RCA Victor in the 1960s. Biography Early career Born in Bulls Gap, Tennessee, Campbell studied art at Mars Hill College in Mars Hill, North Carolina, after which he began a radio career at WNOX in Knoxville. After a year alongside Roy Acuff on their Mid-Day Merry-Go-Round, he relocated to WDOD in Chattanooga, where he stayed until joining the U.S. Navy in 1941. At the end of World War II, Campbell returned to WNOX. He left that station for rival WROL where he helped start Knoxville's first country music television show (on WROL-TV), Country Playhouse, that premiered in 1952 and ran until 1958. At the close of that show, he moved to Nashville to replace Rod Brasfield on the nationally syndicated Prince Albert segment of the Grand Ole Opry. Shortly after, he signed a contract with RCA Victor and one of his early singles, "Trouble in the Amen Corner" reached the 1960 country music Top 25. After an unsuccessful stint with the Starday label, Campbell returned to RCA Victor in 1966 and had three Top 30 singles: "The Men in My Little Girl's Life" (1966), "The Dark End of the Street" (1968), and "Tell It Like It Is" (1968). He was named "Comedian of the Year" in 1969 by the Country Music Association. Routines One of Campbell's 'signature' routines was to tell stories in "Spoonerism" form, with the first letters of words in some phrases intentionally switched for comic effect. The best-known of these stories was "RinderCella", his re-telling of the fairy tale "Cinderella", about the girl who "slopped her dripper" (dropped her slipper). Campbell once told the "RinderCella" story on an episode of the game show Juvenile Jury. At the conclusion of the story, host Jack Barry said "That's one of the funniest stories Carchie Ampbell tells." All of Campbell's spoonerism routines borrowed heavily from comedy routines performed by Colonel Stoopnagle on the radio show Stoopnagle and Budd in the 1930s. ("Colonel Stoopnagle" was the stage name of F. Chase Taylor, 1897–1950.) Campbell also performed a routine with various partners generally known as "That's Bad/That's Good." Campbell would state a troublesome occurrence; when the partner would sympathize by saying, "Oh that's bad," Campbell would quickly counter, "No, that's good!", and then state a good result from the previous occurrence. When the partner would say, "Oh that's good!", Campbell would immediately counter with "No, that's bad!" and tell the new result, and so on. Hee Haw Campbell was a charter member of the cast of Hee Haw on CBS-TV from its beginning in 1969, though he also served as a head writer. His regular characterizations included: "Archie's Barber Shop", in which he performed his Spoonerism stories and his "That's Bad/That's Good" routine "Doc Campbell", with Gunilla Hutton as
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keysight%20VEE	Keysight VEE is a graphical dataflow programming software development environment from Keysight Technologies for automated test, measurement, data analysis and reporting. VEE originally stood for Visual Engineering Environment and developed by HP designated as HP VEE; it has since been officially renamed to Keysight VEE. Keysight VEE has been widely used in various industries, serving the entire stage of a product lifecycle, from design, validation to manufacturing. It is optimized in instrument control and automation with test and measurement devices such as data acquisition instruments like digital voltmeters and oscilloscopes, and source devices like signal generators and programmable power supplies. Release history A detailed list of features for each version can be found under the References section. Keysight VEE objects and pins A VEE program consists of multiple connected VEE objects (sometimes called devices). Each VEE object consists of different types of pins, namely data pins, sequence pins, execute pins (XEQ), control pins and error pins. Data pins govern the data flow propagation while sequence pins determine object execution order. The pins on the left side of an object are called input pins, whereas the pins on the right are output pins. Two objects, A and B, are connected if the output pin of object A is connected to object B's input pin. Several connection lines can emanate from a single output pin, but at most one connection line can be attached to an input pin. All data input pins and execute pins must be connected, whereas control pins and output pins can be left unconnected. Data flow and data propagation Keysight VEE is a dataflow programming language. Within a VEE program, there are multiple connections between objects and data flows through objects from left to right while sequence flows from top to bottom. When an object executes, it uses the input pin's value to perform an operation. When it finishes, the result is placed on the output pin. The output pin value placed is then propagated to any input pins that are connected to it. A sequence pin is used to specify some object execution order. In most cases, sequence pins are left unconnected to allow data propagation to determine the execution order. If an object's sequence input pin is connected, the object will execute only if all data input pins and the sequence input pin have data. When data is present on execute pins, it will force the object to operate and place results on its output pins, regardless of whether the data inputs have values. A control pin is used to control the internal state of an object. It doesn't have effect on data propagation. An error pin is used to trap errors when an object execute. If it is present, no error dialog will be shown. When an error occurs, the error pin propagates instead of data output pins, followed by the sequence output pin (if connected). An object's execution order is determined by object connections and the da
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced%20Telecommunications%20Computing%20Architecture	Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture (ATCA or AdvancedTCA) is the largest specification effort in the history of the PCI Industrial Computer Manufacturers Group (PICMG), with more than 100 companies participating. Known as AdvancedTCA, the official specification designation PICMG 3.x (see below) was ratified by the PICMG organization in December 2002. AdvancedTCA is targeted primarily to requirements for "carrier grade" communications equipment, but has recently expanded its reach into more ruggedized applications geared toward the military/aerospace industries as well. This series of specifications incorporates the latest trends in high speed interconnect technologies, next-generation processors, and improved Reliability, Availability and Serviceability (RAS). Mechanical specifications An AdvancedTCA board (blade) is 280 mm deep and 322 mm high. The boards have a metal front panel and a metal cover on the bottom of the printed circuit board to limit electromagnetic interference and to limit the spread of fire. The locking injector-ejector handle (lever) actuates a microswitch to let the Intelligent Platform Management Controller (IPMC) know that an operator wants to remove a board, or that the board has just been installed, thus activating the hot-swap procedure. AdvancedTCA boards support the use of PCI Mezzanine Card (PMC) or Advanced Mezzanine Card (AMC) expansion mezzanines. The shelf supports RTMs (Rear Transition Modules). RTMs plug into the back of the shelf in slot locations that match the front boards. The RTM and the front board are interconnected through a Zone-3 connector. The Zone-3 connector is not defined by the AdvancedTCA specification. Each shelf slot is 30.48 mm wide. This allows for 14-board chassis to be installed in a 19-inch rack-mountable system and 16 boards in an ETSI rack-mountable system. A typical 14-slot system is 12 or 13 rack units high. The large AdvancedTCA shelves are targeted to the telecommunication market so the airflow goes in the front of the shelf, across the boards from bottom to top, and out the rear of the shelf. Smaller shelves that are used in enterprise applications typically have horizontal air flow. The small-medium AdvancedTCA shelves are targeted to the telecommunication market; for the lab research operation, some shelves have an open cover in order to make testing easier. Backplane architecture The AdvancedTCA backplane provides point-to-point connections between the boards and does not use a data bus. The backplane definition is divided into three sections; Zone-1, Zone-2, and Zone-3. The connectors in Zone-1 provide redundant −48 VDC power and Shelf Management signals to the boards. The connectors in Zone-2 provide the connections to the Base Interface and Fabric Interface. All Fabric connections use point-to-point 100 Ω differential signals. Zone-2 is called "Fabric Agnostic" which means that any Fabric that can use 100 Ω differential signals can be used with an Adva
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicast%20DNS	In computer networking, the multicast DNS (mDNS) protocol resolves hostnames to IP addresses within small networks that do not include a local name server. It is a zero-configuration service, using essentially the same programming interfaces, packet formats and operating semantics as unicast Domain Name System (DNS). It was designed to work as either a stand-alone protocol or compatibly with standard DNS servers. It uses IP multicast User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packets, and is implemented by the Apple Bonjour and open source Avahi software packages, included in most Linux distributions. Although the Windows 10 implementation was limited to discovering networked printers, subsequent releases resolved hostnames as well. mDNS can work in conjunction with DNS Service Discovery (DNS-SD), a companion zero-configuration networking technique specified separately in . History Multicast DNS was first proposed by Bill Woodcock and Bill Manning in the IETF in 2000, and was eventually published as standards-track by Stuart Cheshire and Marc Krochmal thirteen years later. Protocol overview When an mDNS client needs to resolve a hostname, it sends an IP multicast query message that asks the host having that name to identify itself. That target machine then multicasts a message that includes its IP address. All machines in that subnet can then use that information to update their mDNS caches. Any host can relinquish its claim to a name by sending a response packet with a time to live (TTL) equal to zero. By default, mDNS exclusively resolves hostnames ending with the .local top-level domain. This can cause problems if .local includes hosts that do not implement mDNS but that can be found via a conventional unicast DNS server. Resolving such conflicts requires network-configuration changes that mDNS was designed to avoid. Packet structure An mDNS message is a multicast UDP packet sent using the following addressing: IPv4 address or IPv6 address UDP port 5353 When using Ethernet frames, the standard IP multicast MAC address (for IPv4) or (for IPv6) The payload structure is based on the unicast DNS packet format, consisting of two parts—the header and the data. The header is identical to that found in unicast DNS, as are the sub-sections in the data part: queries, answers, authoritative-nameservers, and additional records. The number of records in each sub-section matches the value of the corresponding *COUNT field in the header. Queries The wire format for records in the query section is slightly modified from that in unicast DNS, adding the single-bit UNICAST-RESPONSE field. As in unicast DNS, the QNAME field consists of a series of length/value sub-fields called "labels". Each label represents one of the dot-separated substrings in a fully qualified domain name (FQDN). The list is terminated by either a single null-byte representing the "root" of the DNS, or by a byte with the two high-order bits set (value 192) to signal an indirect pointe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact%20Application%20Solution%20Language	Compact Application Solution Language (CASL) is a programming language used to create computer programs for Palm OS, and Microsoft Windows desktops, laptops, and Pocket PCs with Windows Mobile. It is published by WAGWARE Systems, Inc., and Brainyware, LLC. Overview As a language, CASL is similar to Pascal or Visual Basic with object-oriented programming features. The CASL software development kit (SDK) includes a graphical user interface (GUI) forms editor, an integrated development environment (IDE), and a compiler. CASL programs can either be run as interpreted applications on target devices (using a small helper binary), or compiled directly to native code (CASLpro). One of CASL's key features is that the same source can be compiled to Palm OS, Windows, or Pocket PC with Windows Mobile, without changing the code, termed "write once, run all". In July 2005, CASLsoft announced they were discontinuing support for CASL and releasing it as freeware, with version 4.2 as the last official release. A month later, WAGWARE Systems, Inc. and Brainyware, LLC announced the purchase of CASL, updated the product and continue to release it as commercial software. CASL Version 4.3 was released on 3 July 2006. In January 2007, more libraries were released to support the Janam XP20/XP30 series of barcode devices. The CASL libraries are also backward compatible with the Symbol SPT series devices. Object-oriented programming languages
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDPA	PDPA can refer to: People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan – a communist party Personal Data Protection Act 2012 – a Singapore law governing the use and protection of personal data Professional Dart Players Association – a trade association for darts players
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larry%20Hryb	Lawrence Hryb (), also known by his Xbox Live Gamertag "Major Nelson", is a former Director of Programming for the Microsoft gaming network Xbox Live. His blog "Xbox Live's Major Nelson" provides an inside look at operations at Microsoft's Xbox division. He picked the Gamertag "Major Nelson" after a character by the same name on the 1960s U.S. television comedy I Dream of Jeannie after it was recommended to him by his TiVo. Larry dedicated his Gamertag to Larry Hagman (the actor who played Major Nelson) after his death in 2012. Prior to joining Microsoft in 2001, he was a former programmer and on air host with radio broadcaster Clear Channel Communications. Hryb graduated from Syracuse University with a degree in Television, Radio and Film production from the S.I. Newhouse School of Public Communications. Work at Microsoft Professional Larry Hryb worked as the Director of Promotions for Clear Channel Communications in Hartford, Connecticut for WKSS from 1989 to late 2000. In early 2001, he began working with Microsoft; his first role at the company was as the editor in chief of MSN music. Hryb moved into Xbox division of Microsoft in 2003. Hryb was instrumental in the development of the Xbox One, Xbox 360, Xbox LIVE, Kinect and the 'New Xbox Experience'. Hryb has advised dozens of gaming and non-gaming companies and communities on how to best engage with their audiences using digital tools and social networks. In 2012, he was named one of Mashable's '13 Bona Fide Geeks to Follow'. Hryb performs product reviews and mentions through his various social media outlets - Twitter, his podcast, Google Plus page, YouTube profile, and his personal blog - for lifestyle-related products and services. In July 2023, Hryb announced he had decided to "take a step back and work on the next chapter of my career." He thanked fans and colleagues and said the Official Xbox Podcast would return with a new format after its summer hiatus. Podcast Hryb is most known for his popular weekly podcast "Major Nelson Radio", available on iTunes, Xbox Music Marketplace, and from his site. He does interviews as well. Direct from inside the Microsoft Xbox team, Hryb and his colleagues including regular co-hosts Laura Massey ("lollip0p"), and Eric Neustadter ("e") discuss Xbox One, Xbox 360, Kinect, Zune, gaming, technology, other next generation consoles (including the PlayStation 4, and Wii U), among other subjects. His show regularly hosts interviews with people in the gaming community, and offers prizes to listeners through his "Name the Game" contest, where he plays a short audio clip from a game, and a winner is drawn from the correct entries. Additionally, regular features of the podcast include "Xbox 101", a segment devoted to various features on the Xbox One or Xbox Live, Gadget discussion where they discuss the latest and greatest gadget. Many companies have contacted Larry to review or cover their products to reach this audience, but Larry has declined stating th
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super%20Channel%20%28Canadian%20TV%20channel%29	Super Channel Entertainment Network (Formally and commonly known as Super Channel) is a Canadian English language premium cable and satellite television channel owned by Allarco Entertainment 2008 Inc. Super Channel's programming primarily includes theatrically released, first to television motion pictures and television series, along with documentaries and other niche programs. The current Super Channel service was launched in 2007, and is not affiliated with the two pre-existing English-language premium channels which used the name at various times prior to 2001, which were later known as Movie Central (in Western Canada; defunct since March 2016) and The Movie Network (in Eastern Canada; merged with and relaunched as Crave in 2018). The Allards were the original owners of Movie Central, and later re-acquired rights to the Superchannel trademark. Prior to 2016, Super Channel was the first and only general-interest English-language pay television service authorized to operate nationally. Family Channel (with its multiplex channel Family Jr.) was the only other national pay television channel, though it currently operates as a de facto basic tier specialty channel. Super Channel is available on nearly all major cable and satellite providers including Telus Optik TV, Bell Satellite TV, Shaw Direct, Access Communications, Cogeco, Rogers Cable, Shaw Cable, Eastlink, SaskTel, Westman Communications, Bell MTS, Novus, VMedia, RiverTV, and other providers. Super Channel was granted as a "must carry" service by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC), meaning all television service providers must carry the service on their systems. History Pre-Launch Allarco was one of four applicants for new pay television licences that were considered at a public hearing held by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission on October 24, 2005. Its competing applicants were: BOOMTV, to be operated by the Archambault unit of Quebecor Media. While it was expected to compete directly with the existing general-interest services – The Movie Network (now Crave) and Movie Central (TMN/MC) in English Canada and Super Écran (SE) in French Canada – Archambault indicated that its services would have regularly favoured first-run dramatic series. Archambault was also the only applicant for a French-language service, but indicated that this licence would be worthless without an English counterpart. The Canadian Film Channel, proposed by Channel Zero Inc. It proposed to broadcast 100% Canadian content and be funded entirely by the operators of TMN/MC, in an amount equal to 12.9% of these services' gross revenues, to be required by condition of licence. Neither incumbent indicated approval for such a use of its revenues. Spotlight Television, to be controlled by George Burger, a former executive at Alliance Television, and professional sports mogul Larry Tanenbaum, chairman of the private investment company Kilmer Van Nostrand,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissociated%20press	Dissociated press is a parody generator (a computer program that generates nonsensical text). The generated text is based on another text using the Markov chain technique. The name is a play on "Associated Press" and the psychological term dissociation (although word salad is more typical of conditions like aphasia and schizophrenia – which is, however, frequently confused with dissociative identity disorder by laypeople). An implementation of the algorithm is available in Emacs. Another implementation is available as a Perl module in CPAN, Games::Dissociate. The algorithm The algorithm starts by printing a number of consecutive words (or letters) from the source text. Then it searches the source text for an occurrence of the few last words or letters printed out so far. If multiple occurrences are found, it picks a random one, and proceeds with printing the text following the chosen occurrence. After a predetermined length of text is printed out, the search procedure is repeated for the newly printed ending. Considering that words and phrases tend to appear in specific grammatical contexts, the resulting text usually seems correct grammatically, and if the source text is uniform in style, the result appears to be of similar style and subject, and takes some effort on the reader's side to recognize as not genuine. Still, the randomness of the assembly process deprives it of any logical flow - the loosely related parts are connected in a nonsensical way, creating a humorously abstract, random result. Examples Here is a short example of word-based Dissociated Press applied to the Jargon File: wart: n. A small, crocky feature that sticks out of an array (C has no checks for this). This is relatively benign and easy to spot if the phrase is bent so as to be not worth paying attention to the medium in question. Here is a short example of letter-based Dissociated Press applied to the same source: window sysIWYG: n. A bit was named aften /bee´t@/ prefer to use the other guy's re, especially in every cast a chuckle on neithout getting into useful informash speech makes removing a featuring a move or usage actual abstractionsidered interj. Indeed spectace logic or problem! History The dissociated press algorithm is described in HAKMEM (1972) Item #176. The name "dissociated press" is first known to have been associated with the Emacs implementation. Brian Hayes discussed a Travesty algorithm in Scientific American in November 1983. The article provided a garbled William Faulkner passage: Hugh Kenner and Joseph O'Rourke of Johns Hopkins University discussed their frequency table-based Travesty generator for microcomputers in BYTE in November 1984. The article included the Turbo Pascal source for two versions of the generator, one using Hayes' algorithm and another using Claude Shannon's Hellbat algorithm. Murray Lesser offered a compiled BASIC version in the magazine in July 1985, in September 1985 Peter Wayner offered a version that used tree data
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasir%20Siddiki	Nasir K. Siddiki (born January 1, 1953) is a Canadian evangelist, author, and business consultant. Since September 2006, Siddiki has hosted a half-hour program on the Trinity Broadcasting Network called "Winning with Wisdom." Siddiki, originally from Canada, was a marketing consultant executive at a financial services company before a bout with shingles in the 1980s, which he says sparked his conversion from Islam to Christianity. Siddiki is still a consultant, but has also started a ministry named Wisdom Ministries in Tulsa, Oklahoma where he resides with his second wife Anita, their two children Matthew and Josiah, and his oldest son Aaron from his first marriage. Siddiki primarily serves as a motivational speaker at conferences for Christian businessmen, but has also published a book titled Kingdom Principles of Financial Increase and subsequent pamphlets and videotapes. Siddiki has appeared with and been endorsed by Christian Ministers such as Benny Hinn, Rod Parsley (on his Breakthrough television program), and Kenneth Copeland. Siddiki graduated from the Rhema Bible Training College, the Bible training center in Broken Arrow, Oklahoma, founded by the son of Kenneth E. Hagin, and has an honorary doctorate from the American Bible College and Seminary in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. References External links Wisdom Ministries, Nasir Siddiki's official web site Flights uk Boca Raton Attorneys Polka Dot Plant 1953 births American evangelicals American male non-fiction writers American non-fiction writers American television evangelists Pentecostals from Oklahoma Canadian evangelicals Converts to Protestantism from Islam Living people Writers from Tulsa, Oklahoma Writers from London, Ontario
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WOPX-TV	WOPX-TV (channel 56) is a television station licensed to Melbourne, Florida, United States, broadcasting the Ion Television network to the Orlando area. Owned and operated by the Ion Media subsidiary of the E.W. Scripps Company, the station maintains offices on Grand National Drive in Orlando, and its transmitter is located on Nova Road east of St. Cloud. History WAYK WAYK signed on December 30, 1985, as an independent station. In 1988, Beach TV Partners signed on WAYQ at channel 26 as a simulcast of WAYK, giving them a signal in Daytona Beach. In early August 1990, owner Beach Television Partners based in Vero Beach filed for Chapter 11 reorganization over an inability to renegotiate a loan payment schedule. At the time, the station was only carried part-time on CableVision of Central Florida, Orlando's major cable system. WAYK was affiliated with the Beach TV investor, Harry Handley, who founded the Star Television Network. The network launched in September 1990 only to close down on . WIRB In 1992, the stations were both sold to Robert Rich, who added more paid programming to the channels. WAYK became WIRB, and WAYQ became WNTO. WIRB continued as a low budget independent station but also aired some NBC programs that were not cleared by WESH most notably Leeza (before it went into syndication) and California Dreams. WIRB would broadcast Florida Marlins baseball, Florida Panthers hockey, and Tampa Bay Lightning hockey to Central Florida from around 1993 to 1996. In 1996, Christian Television Network would buy WIRB (Paxson Communications, the predecessor to Ion Media, took a LMA on the station at the same time) while Florida Media Broadcasters would buy WNTO (which would be later sold to Entravision and became Univision affiliate WVEN). WIRB then ran religious shows in the morning, infomercials in the afternoon and evening, and Christian praise and worship music on overnights in addition to the NBC programs not cleared by WESH. WOPX In January 1998, Paxson bought the station from CTN and renamed it WOPX (the -TV callsign would be added in 2012) and continued with the same format until August 31, 1998. At that point, WOPX took the Pax TV affiliation along with other stations owned by Paxson. Pax TV introduced family entertainment like dramas, movies, reality shows aimed at the family, game shows and other programming. Originally, Pax TV ran from noon to midnight, but has since reduced its schedule several times. At one point, it ran from 6 p.m. to 11 p.m., and there are no original programs on the network, which has been renamed Ion. WOPX still fills the rest of its schedule with infomercials and religious shows. WOPX of recent has also carried Tampa Bay Rays baseball and Tampa Bay Lightning hockey from Ion's Tampa affiliate and produced by Fox Sports. On September 4, 2004, WOPX aired the NASCAR Xfinity Series (then Busch) race from California Speedway due to local NBC (who at that time broadcast NBS races) affiliate WESH's coverage of Hurr
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road%20to%20Sunday	Road to Sunday was a cancelled American football video game that was developed by San Diego Studio and would have been published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2 and the PlayStation Portable. Despite a trailer being released for the game in July 2005, Road to Sunday has was cancelled. Some of the game's idea were similar to the later released Blitz: The League series. History The game would have been a successor to the NFL GameDay series. Sony no longer had the rights to use NFL Teams or Players in video games after Electronic Arts acquired an exclusive NFL video game license in December 2004. Plot Road to Sunday would have revolved around Blake Doogan, who inherits a pro football team after his father is killed in a suspicious explosion while in Jamaica. Later, Blake learns that his father borrowed large sums of money from a Jamaican kingpin to purchase the professional football team the Los Angeles Show, and Doogan's father's debt is now his debt. Gameplay The gameplay would have followed Blake, his friend/sidekick Harry and seven other football players as they attempted to successful in football in order to generate enough money to pay off the kingpin and win a fictional football league championship. The on-the-field football experience is best characterized as mission-based football, done through the introduction of a new gameplay experience, Position Specific Gameplay (PSG). Players not only compete on the gridiron, but also gain exposure to an underworld of questionable characters, gambling, and an underground fighting league ran by the corrupt Jamaican kingpin. These off-field exploitations will drive the storyline as well as increase players’ abilities to perform in future missions and impact the outcome of future football games. References Cancelled PlayStation 2 games Cancelled PlayStation Portable games American football video games San Diego Studio games
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encryption%20software	Encryption software is software that uses cryptography to prevent unauthorized access to digital information. Cryptography is used to protect digital information on computers as well as the digital information that is sent to other computers over the Internet. Classification There are many software products which provide encryption. Software encryption uses a cipher to obscure the content into ciphertext. One way to classify this type of software is the type of cipher used. Ciphers can be divided into two categories: public key ciphers (also known as asymmetric ciphers), and symmetric key ciphers. Encryption software can be based on either public key or symmetric key encryption. Another way to classify software encryption is to categorize its purpose. Using this approach, software encryption may be classified into software which encrypts "data in transit" and software which encrypts "data at rest". Data in transit generally uses public key ciphers, and data at rest generally uses symmetric key ciphers. Symmetric key ciphers can be further divided into stream ciphers and block ciphers. Stream ciphers typically encrypt plaintext a bit or byte at a time, and are most commonly used to encrypt real-time communications, such as audio and video information. The key is used to establish the initial state of a keystream generator, and the output of that generator is used to encrypt the plaintext. Block cipher algorithms split the plaintext into fixed-size blocks and encrypt one block at a time. For example, AES processes 16-byte blocks, while its predecessor DES encrypted blocks of eight bytes. There is also a well-known case where PKI is used for data in transit of data at rest. Data in transit Data in transit is data that is being sent over a computer network. When the data is between two endpoints, any confidential information may be vulnerable. The payload (confidential information) can be encrypted to secure its confidentiality, as well as its integrity and validity. Often, the data in transit is between two entities that do not know each other - such as in the case of visiting a website. As establishing a relationship and securely sharing an encryption key to secure the information that will be exchanged, a set of roles, policies, and procedures to accomplish this has been developed; it is known as the public key infrastructure, or PKI. Once PKI has established a secure connection, a symmetric key can be shared between endpoints. A symmetric key is preferred to over the private and public keys as a symmetric cipher is much more efficient (uses less CPU cycles) than an asymmetric cipher. There are several methods for encrypting data in transit, such as IPsec, SCP, SFTP, SSH, OpenPGP and HTTPS. Data at rest Data at rest refers to data that has been saved to persistent storage. Data at rest is generally encrypted by a symmetric key. Encryption may be applied at different layers in the storage stack. For example, encryption can be configured
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conway%27s%20law	Conway's law is an adage linking the communication structure of organizations to the systems they design. It is named after the computer programmer Melvin Conway, who introduced the idea in 1967. His original wording was: The law is based on the reasoning that in order for a product to function, the authors and designers of its component parts must communicate with each other in order to ensure compatibility between the components. Therefore, the technical structure of a system will reflect the social boundaries of the organizations that produced it, across which communication is more difficult. In colloquial terms, it means complex products end up "shaped like" the organizational structure they are designed in or designed for. The law is applied primarily in the field of software architecture, though Conway directed it more broadly and its assumptions and conclusions apply to most technical fields. Variations Eric S. Raymond, an open-source advocate, restated Conway's law in The New Hacker's Dictionary, a reference work based on the Jargon File. The organization of the software and the organization of the software team will be congruent, he said. Summarizing an example in Conway's paper, Raymond wrote: Raymond further presents Tom Cheatham's amendment of Conway's Law, stated as: Yourdon and Constantine, in their 1979 book on Structured Design, gave a more strongly stated variation of Conway's Law: James O. Coplien and Neil B. Harrison stated in a 2004 book concerned with organizational patterns of Agile software development: More recent commentators have noted a corollary - for software projects with a long lifetime of code reuse, such as Microsoft Windows, the structure of the code mirrors not only the communication structure of the organization which created the most recent release, but also the communication structures of every previous team which worked on that code. Interpretations The law is, in a strict sense, only about correspondence; it does not state that communication structure is the cause of system structure, merely describes the connection. Different commentators have taken various positions on the direction of causality; that technical design causes the organization to restructure to fit, that the organizational structure dictates the technical design, or both. Conway's law was intended originally as a sociological observation, but many other interpretations are possible. The New Hacker's Dictionary entry uses it in a primarily humorous context, while participants at the 1968 National Symposium on Modular Programming considered it sufficiently serious and universal to dub it 'Conway's Law'. Opinions also vary on the desirability of the phenomenon; some say that the mirroring pattern is a helpful feature of such systems, while other interpretations say it's an undesirable result of organizational bias. Middle positions describe it as a necessary feature of compromise, undesirable in the abstract but necessary to handle hu
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin%20Conway	Melvin Edward Conway is an American computer scientist, computer programmer, and hacker who coined what is now known as Conway's law: "Organizations, who design systems, are constrained to produce designs which are copies of the communication structures of these organizations." The adage remains relevant in modern software engineering and is still being referenced and investigated. Apart from the above, Conway is perhaps most famous for developing the concept of coroutines. Conway coined the term coroutine in 1958 and he was the first to apply the concept to an assembly program. He later authored a seminal paper on the subject of coroutines, titled "Design of a Separable Transition-diagram Compiler", which included the first published explanation of the concept. In this paper, he proposed organizing a compiler as a set of coroutines, which allows using separate passes while debugging and then running a single pass compiler in production. Another famous paper is his 1958 proposal of an UNCOL, a Universal Computer Oriented Language, which attempted to provide a solution to economically produce compilers for new programming languages and computer architectures. Conway wrote an assembler for the Burroughs model 220 computer called SAVE. The name SAVE was not an acronym, but a feature: programmers lost fewer punched card decks because they all had "SAVE" written on them. His work on Pascal compiler for Rockwell Semiconductor (an immediate-turnaround Pascal trainer for the Rockwell AIM-65) led to an arrangement between Apple and Think Technologies (where he served as a principal) under which the latter produced the original (1984) Mac Pascal and Apple II Instant Pascal. In the 1970s, he was involved with the MUMPS (Massachusetts General Hospital Utility Multi-Programming System) medical programming language standard specification for the National Bureau of Standards. He also wrote a reference book on MUMPS in 1983. Conway was granted a US patent in 2001 on "Dataflow processing with events", concerned with programming using graphical user interfaces. The patent expired in 2019. In 2002, Conway obtained a teacher license for high school math and physics in Massachusetts. He taught at Chelsea High School from 2002 to 2006. Education Ph.D. Mathematics, Case Western Reserve University (1961). Dissertation: "A Set-Theoretic Model For Logical Systems", Advisor: Raymond John Nelson M.S. Physics, California Institute of Technology B.S. Physics, Case Western Reserve University Selected publications Conway, Melvin E. (July 1963). "Design of a separable transition-diagram compiler". Communications of the ACM, vol. 6, num. 7, pp. 396–408. doi: 10.1145/366663.366704 Conway, Melvin E. (April 1968). "How do Committees Invent?". Datamation, vol. 14, num. 4, pp. 28–31. References External links melconway.com Conway's personal home page @conways_law Conway's Twitter profile American computer scientists Living people Year of birth missing (living people)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell%20Maltz	Maxwell Maltz (March 10, 1899 – April 7, 1975) was an American cosmetic surgeon and author of Psycho-Cybernetics (1960), which was a system of ideas that he claimed could improve one's self-image leading to a more successful and fulfilling life. He wrote several books, among which Psycho-Cybernetics was a long-time bestseller — influencing many subsequent self-help teachers. His orientation towards a system of ideas that would provide self-help is considered the forerunner of the now popular self-help books. Life and career Maxwell "Max" Maltz was born March 10, 1899, in Manhattan's Lower East Side, the third child of Josef Maltz and Taube Elzweig, Jewish immigrants from what was then known as the town of Resche in the Austro-Hungarian Empire (today Rzeszów, Poland). In 1923, Maltz graduated with a doctorate in medicine from the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. He also undertook training under German plastic surgeons who were considered most advanced in cosmetic surgery at the time. In 1960, Psycho-Cybernetics: A New Way to Get More Living out of Life was first published by Prentice-Hall and appeared in a pocket book edition by 1969. It introduced Maltz's views that people must have an accurate and positive view of themselves before setting goals; otherwise they will get stuck in a continuing pattern of limiting beliefs. His ideas focus on visualizing one's goals and he believed that self-image is the cornerstone of all the changes that take place in a person. According to Maltz, if one's self-image is unhealthy or faulty — all of a person's efforts will end in failure. Maltz also wrote fiction, including a play called Unseen Scar (1946) and a novel, The Time is Now (1975). His autobiography, Doctor Pygmalion: The Autobiography of a Plastic Surgeon (1953), was popular and influential, discussed in many subsequent books on body and identity. It was re-titled Doctor Psycho-Cybernetics after his self-help work was published. Although Psycho-Cybernetics was first published in 1960, as of 2008 it is one of 50 recommended in the book 50 Self-Help Classics. References External links 1899 births 1975 deaths American motivational writers American Jews American people of Polish-Jewish descent American self-help writers American plastic surgeons 20th-century surgeons
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.NET%20Reflector	.NET Reflector is a class browser, decompiler and static analyzer for software created with .NET Framework, originally written by Lutz Roeder. MSDN Magazine named it as one of the Ten Must-Have utilities for developers, and Scott Hanselman listed it as part of his "Big Ten Life and Work-Changing Utilities". Overview It can be used to inspect, navigate, search, analyze, and browse the contents of a CLI component such as an assembly and translates the binary information to a human-readable form. By default Reflector allows decompilation of CLI assemblies into C#, Visual Basic .NET, C++/CLI and Common Intermediate Language and F# (alpha version). Reflector also includes a "Call Tree" that can be used to drill down into intermediate language methods to see what other methods they call. It will show the metadata, resources and XML documentation. .NET Reflector can be used by .NET developers to understand the inner workings of code libraries, to show the differences between two versions of the same assembly, and how the various parts of a CLI application interact with each other. There are a large number of add-ins for Reflector. .NET Reflector can be used to track down performance problems and bugs, browse classes, and maintain or help become familiar with code bases. Using the Analyzer option, it can also be used to find assembly dependencies, and even windows DLL dependencies. There is a call tree and inheritance-browser. It will pick up the same documentation or comments that are stored in xml files alongside their associated assemblies that are used to drive IntelliSense inside Visual Studio. It is even possible to cross-navigate related documentation (xmldoc), searching for specific types, members and references. It can be used to effectively convert source code between C# and Visual Basic. .NET Reflector has been designed to host add-ins to extend its functionality, many of which are open source. Some of these add-ins provide other languages that can be disassembled too, such as PowerShell, Delphi and MC++. Others analyze assemblies in different ways, providing quality metrics, sequence diagrams, class diagrams, dependency structure matrices or dependency graphs. It is possible to use add-ins to search text, save disassembled code to disk, export an assembly to XMI/UML, compare different versions, or search code. Other add-ins allow debugging processes. Some add-ins are designed to facilitate testing by creating stubs and wrappers. History .NET Reflector was originally developed by Lutz Roeder as freeware. Its first versions can be tracked back to January 2001. Archive.org hosts a collection of the early versions of Reflector. On 20 August 2008, Red Gate Software announced they were taking responsibility for future development of the software. In February 2010 Red Gate released .NET Reflector 6 along with a commercial Pro edition that enabled users to step into decompiled code in the Visual Studio debugger as if it were their own source
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VAXstation	The VAXstation is a discontinued family of workstation computers developed and manufactured by Digital Equipment Corporation using processors implementing the VAX instruction set architecture. VAXstation systems were typically shipped with either the OpenVMS or ULTRIX operating systems. Many members of the VAXstation family had corresponding MicroVAX variants, which primarily differ by the lack of graphics hardware. VAXstation 100 The VAXstation 100 was a VAXstation-branded graphics terminal introduced in May 1983. It used a Motorola 68000 microprocessor and connected to its VAX host via Unibus. It was used for developing the X Window System. VAXstation 500 The VAXstation 500 was a VAXstation system with color graphics, introduced in March 1985. It consisted of a MicroVAX I and a Tektronix 4125 colour terminal. VAXstation 520 The VAXstation 520 was a follow-on to the VAXstation 500 which used a MicroVAX II as the host system instead of a MicroVAX I. At the time of its introduction in September 1985, a configuration with 2MB of memory, a 32MB hard disk and two 400KB floppy disk drives cost $40,790. VAXstation I Introduced in October 1984, it was code named "Seahorse", and used the KD32 CPU module containing a 4 MHz (250 ns) MicroVAX I processor. VAXstation II Code named "Mayflower", it used the KA630 CPU module containing a 5 MHz (200 ns) MicroVAX 78032 microprocessor. It was essentially a MicroVAX II in a workstation configuration. VAXstation II/RC A short-lived, lower-cost "Reduced Configuration" variant of the VAXstation II. Compared with the standard VAXstation II, a number of the slots on the backplane were filled with epoxy to limit the system's upgradability. It was discontinued when Digital discovered that enterprising customers were removing the epoxy, or replacing the backplane in order to convert the RC into a standard VAXstation II. VAXstation II/GPX Introduced in December 1985, it was code named "Caylith", and was a variant of the VAXstation II with hardware-enhanced, high-performance color graphics. VAXstation 2000 Introduced in February 1987, it was code named "VAXstar" or "Kapri", and used the KA410 CPU module containing a 5 MHz MicroVAX II processor with no cache. It was essentially a MicroVAX 2000 in a workstation configuration. VAXstation 3100 Series VAXstation 3100 Model 30 (VS42A-xx) Code named "PVAX", it used the KA42-A CPU module containing an 11.12 MHz (90 ns) CVAX microprocessor with a 64 KB external cache. The VT1300 X terminal was essentially a diskless VAXstation 3100 Model 30, running the VAXELN operating system. VAXstation 3100 Model 38 (WS42A-xx) Code named "PVAX rev#7", it used the KA42-B CPU module containing a 16.67 MHz (60 ns) CVAX+ microprocessor with a 64KB external cache. VAXstation 3100 Model 40 (VS42S-xx) Code named "PVAX", it used the KA42-A CPU module containing an 11.12 MHz (90 ns) CVAX microprocessor with a 64KB external cache. It used the same CPU module and system board as the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-Time%20Multiprogramming%20Operating%20System	Real-Time Multiprogramming Operating System (RTMOS) was a 24-bit process control operating system developed in the 1960s by General Electric that supported both real-time computing and multiprogramming. Programming was done in assembly language or Process FORTRAN. The two languages could be used in the same program, allowing programmers to alternate between the two as desired. Multiprogramming operating systems are now considered obsolete, having been replaced by multitasking. References General Electric Real-time operating systems
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Realms%20of%20Arkania%3A%20Star%20Trail	Realms of Arkania: Star Trail is a computer role-playing game by Attic Entertainment Software based on the German RPG system Das Schwarze Auge. The original German version of the game (German title: Das Schwarze Auge: Sternenschweif) was released in 1994. Due to the success of its predecessor Realms of Arkania: Blade of Destiny, it was translated to English and released by Sir-Tech in the same year. An expansion, Speech Pack, was released in 1994 for the floppy disk version. The game was re-released in 2014 for Steam with support for Windows. Plot After the failed orc invasion on Thorwal, the orcs attacked another region. The player is recruited in the city Kvirasim by an elf ambassador to recover an old artifact, the Salamander Stone, that could unite the elves and the dwarfs for battle against the orcs. Immediately a mysterious third party which seems to be against the uniting of the dwarves and elves counter offers riches and bribery. The quest leads them first to the depths of a long abandoned dwarven mine in the mountains. There they must walk a fine line between taking what they need and taking out of avarice. If successful they meet a master smith, who forges an asthenil sword for them and lets them swap it for the Salamander Stone. Leaving the mines with the Salamander Stone, they are instructed to take the stone to an orc besieged city of Lowangen. The party is allowed past the orcish blockade, only after they leave behind most of their heavy weapons and armor. Once inside the city, they are robbed of the Salamander Stone. While attempting to locate it the group runs into cultists serving an unknown god. The cult comprises humans and elves. After a bloody fight, the group finds two Salamander Stones, one fake and one genuine. There is a notice of instruction telling the cult to send the real one off to the north to their leader. The group travels to the northernmost city on the map and finds it completely deserted. Upon entering one house they find a trap door leading below the house to an underground base of the cult. Within its first floor, they find a warrioress frozen in a solid block of ice. She joins the group after the player character thaws her out but leaves as the party moves to the third and final floor. On the last floor is a temple to the Nameless God. At the very back the party finds the dwarven ambassador, Ingramosch, petrified in stone and the mysterious third party that first tried to offer them riches for the Salamander Stone. He is actually a powerful sorcerer. After taunting the party, he casts a spell that teleports him to the massive cave behind him. A huge dragon comes forth and starts breathing flames at the party. After battling the party for some time, the dragon finds them honorable and allows them to live. As he disappears into his cave, the player character uses the salamander stone to flesh spell upon Ingramosch. They climb out of the dungeon and find the elven ambassador waiting with a horse-drawn carr
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interrupt%20storm	In operating systems, an interrupt storm is an event during which a processor receives an inordinate number of interrupts that consume the majority of the processor's time. Interrupt storms are typically caused by hardware devices that do not support interrupt rate limiting. Background Because interrupt processing is typically a non-preemptible task in time-sharing operating systems, an interrupt storm will cause sluggish response to user input, or even appear to freeze the system completely. This state is commonly known as live lock. In such a state, the system is spending most of its resources processing interrupts instead of completing other work. To the end-user, it does not appear to be processing anything at all as there is often no output. An interrupt storm is sometimes mistaken for thrashing, since they both have similar symptoms (unresponsive or sluggish response to user input, little or no output). Common causes include: misconfigured or faulty hardware, faulty device drivers, flaws in the operating system, or metastability in one or more components. The latter condition rarely occurs outside of prototype or amateur-built hardware. Most modern hardware and operating systems have methods for mitigating the effect of an interrupt storm. For example, most Ethernet controllers implement interrupt "rate limiting", which causes the controller to wait a programmable amount of time between each interrupt it generates. When not present within the device, similar functionality is usually written into the device driver, and/or the operating system itself. The most common cause is when a device "behind" another signals an interrupt to an APIC (Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller). Most computer peripherals generate interrupts through an APIC as the number of interrupts is most always less (typically 15 for the modern PC) than the number of devices. The OS must then query each driver registered to that interrupt to ask if the interrupt originated from its hardware. Faulty drivers may always claim "yes", causing the OS to not query other drivers registered to that interrupt (only one interrupt can be processed at a time). The device which originally requested the interrupt therefore does not get its interrupt serviced, so a new interrupt is generated (or is not cleared) and the processor becomes swamped with continuous interrupt signals. Any operating system can live lock under an interrupt storm caused by such a fault. A kernel debugger can usually break the storm by unloading the faulty driver, allowing the driver "underneath" the faulty one to clear the interrupt, if user input is still possible. As drivers are most often implemented by a 3rd party, most operating systems also have a polling mode that queries for pending interrupts at fixed intervals or in a round-robin fashion. This mode can be set globally, on a per-driver, per-interrupt basis, or dynamically if the OS detects a fault condition or excessive interrupt generation. A p
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond%20v.%20Diehr	Diamond v. Diehr, 450 U.S. 175 (1981), was a United States Supreme Court decision which held that controlling the execution of a physical process, by running a computer program did not preclude patentability of the invention as a whole. The high court reiterated its earlier holdings that mathematical formulas in the abstract could not be patented, but it held that the mere presence of a software element did not make an otherwise patent-eligible machine or process patent ineligible. Diehr was the third member of a trilogy of Supreme Court decisions on the patent-eligibility of computer software related inventions. Background The problem and its solution The patent application in question US05/602,463 was filed on behalf of inventors Diehr and Lutton in 1975. The application claimed a "[process] for molding raw, uncured synthetic rubber into cured precision products." The process of curing synthetic rubber depends on a number of factors including time, temperature and thickness of the mold. Using the Arrhenius equation which may be restated as ln(v) = CZ + x it is possible to calculate when to open the press and to remove the cured, molded rubber. The problem was that there was, at the time the invention was made, no disclosed way to obtain an accurate measure of the temperature without opening the press. In the traditional method the temperature of the mold press, which was apparently set at a fixed temperature and was controlled by thermostat, fluctuated due to the opening and closing of the press. The invention solved this problem by using embedded thermocouples to constantly check the temperature, and then feeding the measured values into a computer. The computer then used the Arrhenius equation to calculate when sufficient energy had been absorbed so that the molding machine should open the press. The claims Independent claim 1 of the allowed patent is representative. It provides: 1. A method of operating a rubber-molding press for precision molded compounds with the aid of a digital computer, comprising: Proceedings before Office and CCPA The patent examiner rejected this invention as unpatentable subject matter under 35 U.S.C. 101. He argued that the steps performed by the computer were unpatentable as a computer program under Gottschalk v. Benson. The Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences of the USPTO affirmed the rejection. The Court of Customs and Patent Appeals (CCPA), the predecessor to the current Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, reversed, noting that an otherwise patentable invention did not become unpatentable simply because a computer was involved. The U.S. Supreme Court granted the petition for certiorari by the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks to resolve this question. The Supreme Court's opinion The Court repeated its earlier holding that mathematical formulas in the abstract are not eligible for patent protection. But it also held that a physical machine or process which makes use of a mathem
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goal%20seeking	In computing, goal seeking is the ability to calculate backward to obtain an input that would result in a given output. This can also be called what-if analysis or backsolving. It can either be attempted through trial and improvement or more logical means. Basic goal seeking functionality is built into most modern spreadsheet packages such as Microsoft Excel. According to O'Brien and Marakas, optimization analysis is a more complex extension of goal-seeking analysis. Instead of setting a specific target value for a variable, the goal is to find the optimum value for one or more target variables, given certain constraints. Then one or more other variables are changed repeatedly, subject to the specified constraints, until you discover the best values for the target variables. Examples Suppose a family wanted to take out the biggest loan that they could afford to pay for. If they set aside $500 a month, the goal-seeking program would try to work out how big a loan the family could afford to take out. Even using simple trial and improvement, a computer could quickly determine that they could not afford a $50,000 loan, but could afford a $48,000 loan. It would then repeat the process until it had reached a figure such as $48,476.34, which would give them a monthly repayment as close to $500 as possible, without exceeding it. A more efficient method, especially on more complicated calculations, would be for the program to logically work through the argument. By drawing up a simple equation, the program could come to the conclusion that the output equalled one ninety-sixth of the input, and could then multiply the output (or goal) by ninety-six to find the necessary input. See also Global optimization Goal programming References Computing terminology Goal
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisco%20LocalDirector	Cisco LocalDirector was a server load balancing appliance, discontinued in 2003, based on the Network Address Translation (NAT) technology Cisco Systems acquired when they bought Network Translation, Inc. The LocalDirector was conceived by John Mayes & Robert Andrews in late 1995 during a pre-acquisition meeting with Robert, Webmaster at Netscape Communications Corporation. During the meeting, Robert Andrews told John Mayes that there were, "probably 10 customers in the world with a load balancing problem". Because of this, the decision was made to begin development on the LocalDirector. Brantley Coile, who had written the code for the PIX firewall for NTI and later Cisco, started coding of the LocalDirector very shortly after this meeting. As a result of the NTI acquisition by Cisco Systems in late 1995, Brantley hired a team of four long-time associates who were developers: Richard Howes, now at Steelbox Networks, and Pete Tenereillo worked for NTI prior to the Cisco acquisition, and Jim Jordan and Tom Bohannon, also at SteelBox, were hired immediately after the acquisition. Together the four developed the code for the Finesse OS and LocalDirector (Finesse was also used in the Cisco version of the PIX). The majority of the LocalDirector code was shared with the early PIXes. Though F5 and Cisco started development of a load balancing product around the same time, F5 needed to re-staff and re-develop after the first attempt. The LocalDirector was the industry's first load balancer. It first shipped to a customer in April 1996, only four months after development started, beating the next earliest competitors, F5 and HydraWeb, to market by a full year. Load balancing provides three important functions. It provides server availability, server scalability and the ability to manage server by bringing them on and off line. All LocalDirector models were built with Intel-based/Intel-compatible motherboards, along with Intel and Digital network chipsets. The LocalDirector utilizes a proprietary operating system that Cisco calls Finesse. The PIX firewall today uses a derivative of the same operating system. All systems boot from flash memory. History and hardware/software specifications List of PCI and ISA expansion cards for the LocalDirector Flash Memory cards LDIR-2MB-Flash - 2MB ISA flash memory card for all LocalDirectors except the 417/417G. Identical to the 2MB flash card used in early PIXes. PEP upgrade card - 4MB ISA flash upgrade card for the LD 416/430, so named because it, like all of the flash cards used in the PIX/LocalDirector/SSG6510 devices, was manufactured by Productivity Enhancement Products, or PEP. Uses two AMD AM29F016D chips for flash memory, and the BIOS resides on an AMD AM29F010b chip. Description printed on the card itself indicates that it was designed as a 16MB flash card, but six of the eight possible locations silkscreened on the PCB for the 29F016D chips are not populated. It is not comparable to a
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discontinuous%20reception	Discontinuous reception (DRX) is a method used in mobile communication to conserve the battery of the mobile device. The mobile device and the network negotiate phases in which data transfer occurs. During other times the device turns its receiver off and enters a low power state. This is usually a function designed into the protocol that allows this to happen - most notably how the transmission is structured - for example in slots with headers containing address details so that devices can listen to these headers in each slot to decide whether the transmission is relevant to them or not. In this case, the receiver only has to be active at the beginning of each slot to receive the header, conserving battery life. Other techniques include polling, whereby the device is placed into standby for a given amount of time and then a beacon is sent by the access point or base station periodically which indicates if there is any waiting data for it. This is used in 802.11 wireless networks when compatible access cards and access points negotiate a power saving mode arrangement. A hybrid of the above techniques could be used in reality. See also Discontinuous transmission References Mobile telecommunications
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server%20application%20programming%20interface	In computing, server application programming interface (SAPI) is the direct module interface to web servers such as the Apache HTTP Server, Microsoft IIS, and Oracle iPlanet Web Server. In other words, SAPI is an application programming interface (API) provided by the web server to help other developers in extending the web server capabilities. Microsoft uses the term Internet Server Application Programming Interface (ISAPI), and the defunct Netscape web server used the term Netscape Server Application Programming Interface (NSAPI) for the same purpose. As an example, PHP has a direct module interface called SAPI for different web servers; in the case of PHP 5 and Apache 2.0 on Windows, it is provided in the form of a DLL file called , which is a module that, among other functions, provides an interface between PHP and the web server, implemented in a form that the server understands. This form is what is known as a SAPI. Different kinds of SAPIs exist for various web-server extensions. For example, in addition to those listed above, other SAPIs for the PHP language include the Common Gateway Interface (CGI) and command-line interface (CLI). See also FastCGI (a variation of the CGI) References External links Developing modules for the Apache HTTP Server 2.4 Application programming interfaces
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuck%20Rock	Chuck Rock is a 1991 slapstick side-scrolling platform video game developed and published by Core Design for the Atari ST and Amiga computers. A Commodore 64 port followed in 1992 and an Amiga CD32 version in 1994. The game was subsequently published by Krisalis Software for the Acorn Archimedes. Virgin Interactive published the game for the Sega Mega Drive/Genesis, Master System, and the Game Gear. Sony Imagesoft published the game for the Sega Mega-CD, Super NES, and Game Boy. The character of Chuck Rock was an early mascot for Core Design before the introduction of Lara Croft in the 1996 game Tomb Raider, and the character of Chuck Rock himself and his family even featured in some UK comic books of the 1990s. Chuck Rock spawned two video game sequels. Plot The setting of the game is a fictional prehistorical Stone Age-era world that is shared by both neanderthals, woolly mammoth, saber-tooth tigers, dinosaurs, and various assorted wild primeval monsters such as prehistoric mammals, giant insects, human-eating plants, and other exotica; thus, the setting is similar to that of films such as One Million Years B.C., or television shows such as The Flintstones or Dinosaurs. The eponymous Chuck Rock is an overweight, square-jawed caveman characterized by loutish and lewd behaviour perhaps influenced by the lad culture of the 1990s. Chuck has a limited vocabulary (his favourite phrase being "Unga Bunga" and not much else), has a balding head cut into a punk-style mohawk, eats whole dinosaur-steaks raw in one bite, and has a penchant for picking up rocks and throwing them at things, hence his name. Chuck is a guitarist and singer (or shouter) in a rock band along with some other cavemen, his attractive wife Ophelia Rock, and a long-haired dinosaur bass player; and whilst on stage he wears a long wig to hide his balding head. One day, Ophelia Rock is kidnapped by jealous local bully Garry Gritter (a pun on the name of contemporary pop star Gary Glitter) and carried off to Gritter's hang-out in the creepy dinosaur graveyard. Chuck must go to her rescue, searching for her in primeval jungles, swamps, lakes, an ice-capped mountain top, caves, and even the insides of a gigantic dinosaur. Gameplay Chuck Rock is an multi-directional-scrolling action-adventure puzzle platformer where the player, as the titular caveman, rescues her love interest, Ophelia, who is held hostage in a jungle by Gary Gritter. While Chuck watches TV, Gritter knocks her unconscious while she does laundry, carrying her away. The game lasts five levels (Jungle, Cave, Water, Ice and Graveyard) each with three-to-five scenes and a concluding boss battle, and provides the player three lives and one continue. Parallax scrolling is present in all versions except the Atari ST. The enemies include dinosaurs (such as small ones that pop out of eggs) and spiders, and Chuck attacks them by thrusting his beer belly, kicking while above ground, and chucking rocks and boulders. Additionally,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESTREAM	eSTREAM is a project to "identify new stream ciphers suitable for widespread adoption", organised by the EU ECRYPT network. It was set up as a result of the failure of all six stream ciphers submitted to the NESSIE project. The call for primitives was first issued in November 2004. The project was completed in April 2008. The project was divided into separate phases and the project goal was to find algorithms suitable for different application profiles. Profiles The submissions to eSTREAM fall into either or both of two profiles: Profile 1: "Stream ciphers for software applications with high throughput requirements" Profile 2: "Stream ciphers for hardware applications with restricted resources such as limited storage, gate count, or power consumption." Both profiles contain an "A" subcategory (1A and 2A) with ciphers that also provide authentication in addition to encryption. In Phase 3 none of the ciphers providing authentication are being considered (The NLS cipher had authentication removed from it to improve its performance). eSTREAM portfolio the following ciphers make up the eSTREAM portfolio: These are all free for any use. Rabbit was the only one that had a patent pending during the eStream competition, but it was released into the public domain in October 2008. The original portfolio, published at the end of Phase 3, consisted of the above ciphers plus F-FCSR which was in Profile 2. However, cryptanalysis of F-FCSR led to a revision of the portfolio in September 2008 which removed that cipher. Phases Phase 1 Phase 1 included a general analysis of all submissions with the purpose of selecting a subset of the submitted designs for further scrutiny. The designs were scrutinized based on criteria of security, performance (with respect to the block cipher AES—a US Government approved standard, as well as the other candidates), simplicity and flexibility, justification and supporting analysis, and clarity and completeness of the documentation. Submissions in Profile 1 were only accepted if they demonstrated software performance superior to AES-128 in counter mode. Activities in Phase 1 included a large amount of analysis and presentations of analysis results as well as discussion. The project also developed a framework for testing the performance of the candidates. The framework was then used to benchmark the candidates on a wide variety of systems. On 27 March 2006, the eSTREAM project officially announced the end of Phase 1. Phase 2 On 1 August 2006, Phase 2 was officially started. For each of the profiles, a number of algorithms has been selected to be Focus Phase 2 algorithms. These are designs that eSTREAM finds of particular interest and encourages more cryptanalysis and performance evaluation on these algorithms. Additionally a number of algorithms for each profile are accepted as Phase 2 algorithms, meaning that they are still valid as eSTREAM candidates. The Focus 2 candidates will be re-classified every six months.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network-based%20Call%20Signaling	Network-based Call Signaling (NCS) is a profile of the Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) for use in PacketCable applications for voice-over-IP. A network implementing NCS is designed according to the media gateway control protocol architecture for interconnecting a packet network with the traditional public switched telephone network (PSTN). This architecture physically decomposes the functionality of providing complete end-to-end multimedia telecommunication sessions into several discrete components, notably a media gateway (MG) located at the customer premises that performs the physical translation between analog voice or video streams to packetized digital data, and a media gateway controller (MGC) which is a centralized server that controls typically many media gateways and manages the complexity of call setup, resource negotiation, call routing, and tear-down. In addition, the architecture also uses signaling gateways to the traditional telecommunication channels, such as SS7-based networks. Like MGCP, NCP is a device control protocol defining the interaction between the MGC, also called a call agent, and its media gateways. It is one layer of the PacketCable suite of specifications and relies upon companion protocol specifications to provide complete end-to-end telecommunication functionality. Network-based Call Signaling is a modification of the Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP). NCS provides a PacketCable profile of an application programming interface (MGCI), and a corresponding protocol (MGCP) for controlling voice-over-IP (VoIP) embedded clients from external call control elements. An embedded client is a network element that provides: Two or more traditional analog (RJ11) access lines to a packet-based telecommunication network. Optionally, one or more video lines to a VoIP network MGCI functions provide for connection control, endpoint control, auditing, and status reporting. They each use the same system model and the same naming conventions. The modification of MGCP in the NCS profile include the following: NCS only aims at supporting PacketCable-embedded clients. Functionality present in the MGCP 1.0 protocol, which was superfluous to NCS, has been removed. It contains extensions and modifications to MGCP. However, the MGCP architecture, and all of the MGCP constructs relevant to embedded clients, are preserved in NCS. The NCS protocol contains minor simplifications of MGCP 1.0. References External links VoIP protocols
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20box%20%28software%20engineering%29	A white box (or glass box, clear box, or open box) is a subsystem whose internals can be viewed but usually not altered. The term is used in systems engineering, software engineering, and in intelligent user interface design, where it is closely related to recent interest in explainable artificial intelligence. Having access to the subsystem internals in general makes the subsystem easier to understand, but also easier to hack; for example, if a programmer can examine source code, weaknesses in an algorithm are much easier to discover. That makes white-box testing much more effective than black-box testing but considerably more difficult from the sophistication needed on the part of the tester to understand the subsystem. The notion of a "Black Box in a Glass Box" was originally used as a metaphor for teaching complex topics to computing novices. See also Black box Gray-box testing References Software testing
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20box%20%28computer%20hardware%29	In computer hardware, a white box is a personal computer or server without a well-known brand name. The term is usually applied to systems assembled by small system integrators and to homebuilt computer systems assembled by end users from parts purchased separately at retail. In this sense, building a white box system is part of the DIY movement. The term is also applied to high volume production of unbranded PCs that began in the mid-1980s with 8 MHz Turbo XT systems selling for just under $1000. In 2002, around 30% of personal computers sold annually were white box systems. Operating systems While PCs built by system manufacturers generally come with a pre-installed operating system, white boxes from both large and small system vendors and other VAR channels can be ordered with or without a pre-installed OS. Usually when ordered with an operating system, the system builder uses an OEM copy of the OS. Whitebook or Intel "Common Building Blocks" Intel defined form factor and interconnection standards for notebook computer components, including "Barebones" (chassis and motherboard), hard disk drive, optical disk drive, LCD, battery pack, keyboard, and AC/DC adapter. These building blocks are primarily marketed to computer building companies, rather than DIY users. Costs While saving money is a common motivation for building one's own PC, today it is generally more expensive to build a low-end PC than to buy a pre-built one from a well-known manufacturer, due to the build quality and the total cost of the parts being used. For these reasons, it is usually better to just buy a pre-assembled computer from a well-known manufacturer or brand name rather than just have people build it themselves (unless one has the talent, skills, budget, and the knowledge to do so). See also Beige box Enthusiast computing Homebuilt computer White-label product References Computer enclosure Electronics manufacturing Personal computers Computer jargon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WCP	WCP may refer to: Wing Commander: Prophecy, a 1997 computer game Wing Commander: Privateer, a 1993 computer game Worcester Park railway station, in South London. The Workers' Communist Party of Canada, a Canadian political party. The World Climate Programme World Cup of Poker Water Column Pressure Workplace Charging Program WCP (Wide DC electric passenger), a classification of Indian locomotives
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research%20Institute%20of%20Computer%20Science%20and%20Random%20Systems	The Institut de recherche en informatique et systèmes aléatoires is a joint computer science research center of CNRS, University of Rennes 1, ENS Rennes, INSA Rennes and Inria, in Rennes in Brittany. It is one of the eight Inria research centers. Created in 1975 as a spin-off of the University of Rennes 1, merging the young computer science department and a few mathematicians, more specifically probabilists, among them Michel Métivier, who was to become the first president of IRISA. Research topics span from theoretical computer science, such as formal languages, formal methods, or more mathematically oriented topics such as information theory, optimization, complex system... to application-driven topics like bioinformatics, image and video compression, handwriting recognition, computer graphics, medical imaging, content-based image retrieval. See also French space program Space program of France Aerospace engineering organizations Computer science institutes in France France Research institutes in France French National Centre for Scientific Research 1975 establishments in France
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows%20Vista	Windows Vista is a major release of Microsoft's Windows NT operating system. It was released to manufacturing on November 8, 2006, and became generally available on January 30, 2007, on the Windows Marketplace, the first release of Windows to be made available through a digital distribution platform. Vista succeeded Windows XP (2001); at the time, the five-year gap between the two was the longest time span between successive Windows releases. Microsoft began developing Vista under the codename "Longhorn" in 2001, shortly before the release of XP. It was intended as a small upgrade to bridge the gap between XP and the next major Windows version, codenamed Blackcomb. As development progressed, it assimilated many of Blackcomb's features and was repositioned as a major Windows release. Vista introduced the updated graphical user interface and visual style Aero, Windows Search, redesigned networking, audio, print, and display sub-systems, and new multimedia tools such as Windows DVD Maker among other changes. Vista aimed to increase the level of communication between machines on a home network, using peer-to-peer technology to simplify sharing files and media between computers and devices. Vista included version 3.0 of the .NET Framework, allowing software developers to write applications without traditional Windows APIs. It removed support for Itanium and devices without ACPI. While its new features and security improvements garnered praise, Vista was the target of significant criticism, such as its high system requirements, more restrictive licensing terms, lack of compatibility, longer boot time, and excessive authorization prompts from User Account Control. It saw lower adoption and satisfaction rates than XP, and it is generally considered a market failure. However, Vista usage did exceed Microsoft's pre-launch two-year-out expectations of achieving 200 million users, with an estimated 330 million internet users in January 2009. On October 22, 2010, Microsoft ceased sales of retail copies of Windows Vista, and the original equipment manufacturer's sales for Windows Vista ceased the following year. Vista was succeeded by Windows 7 (2009), which retained and refined many of the features that Vista introduced. Microsoft ended mainstream support for Vista on April 10, 2012, and extended support on April 11, 2017. In retrospect, Vista is often described as one of the worst versions of Windows, but also an important one that laid the foundation for future releases. Development Microsoft began work on Windows Vista, known at the time by its codename "Longhorn", in May 2001, five months before the release of Windows XP. It was originally expected to ship in October 2003 as a minor step between Windows XP and "Blackcomb", which was planned to be the company's next major operating system release. Gradually, "Longhorn" assimilated many of the important new features and technologies slated for Blackcomb, resulting in the release date being pushed bac
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine%20isotope%20stages	Marine isotope stages (MIS), marine oxygen-isotope stages, or oxygen isotope stages (OIS), are alternating warm and cool periods in the Earth's paleoclimate, deduced from oxygen isotope data derived from deep sea core samples. Working backwards from the present, which is MIS 1 in the scale, stages with even numbers have high levels of oxygen-18 and represent cold glacial periods, while the odd-numbered stages are lows in the oxygen-18 figures, representing warm interglacial intervals. The data are derived from pollen and foraminifera (plankton) remains in drilled marine sediment cores, sapropels, and other data that reflect historic climate; these are called proxies. The MIS timescale was developed from the pioneering work of Cesare Emiliani in the 1950s, and is now widely used in archaeology and other fields to express dating in the Quaternary period (the last 2.6 million years), as well as providing the fullest and best data for that period for paleoclimatology or the study of the early climate of the Earth, representing "the standard to which we correlate other Quaternary climate records". Emiliani's work in turn depended on Harold Urey's prediction in a paper of 1947 that the ratio between oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 isotopes in calcite, the main chemical component of the shells and other hard parts of a wide range of marine organisms, should vary depending on the prevailing water temperature in which the calcite was formed. Over 100 stages have been identified, currently going back some 6 million years, and the scale may in future reach back up to 15 mya. Some stages, in particular MIS 5, are divided into sub-stages, such as "MIS 5a", with 5 a, c, and e being warm and b and d cold. A numeric system for referring to "horizons" (events rather than periods) may also be used, with for example MIS 5.5 representing the peak point of MIS 5e, and 5.51, 5.52 etc. representing the peaks and troughs of the record at a still more detailed level. For more recent periods, increasingly precise resolution of timing continues to be developed. Developing a timescale In 1957 Emiliani moved to the University of Miami to have access to core-drilling ships and equipment, and began to drill in the Caribbean and collect core data. A further important advance came in 1967, when Nicholas Shackleton suggested that the fluctuations over time in the marine isotope ratios that had become evident by then were caused not so much by changes in water temperature, as Emiliani thought, but mainly by changes in the volume of ice-sheets, which when they expanded took up the lighter oxygen-16 isotope in preference to the heavier oxygen-18. The cycles in the isotope ratio were found to correspond to terrestrial evidence of glacials and interglacials. A graph of the entire series of stages then revealed unsuspected advances and retreats of ice and also filled in the details of the stadials and interstadials. More recent ice core samples of today's glacial ice substantiated
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WPRU-LP	WPRU-LP (channel 20) was a low-power television station in Aguadilla, Puerto Rico, affiliated with ABC and owned by the Caribbean Broadcasting Network. History The channel was launched in 2004. The station did not produce its own local newscasts. In September 2014, it was announced that ABC would move to WORA-TV on November 1 as a new subchannel. In late 2019, the ABC affiliation moved to the main channel of WORA-DT, after Telemundo discontinued its WKAQ-TV repeater on WORA-TV. The station has been silent since January 2014. From that point until the ABC affiliation ended, it continued broadcasting on channel 18.1 of sister station WSJP-LD. At some point on March 20, 2015, WSJP-LD removed its simulcast of WORA-DT2/ABC 5 from 18.1 and moved its third subchannel to 18.1 from 18.3 to replace it. Caribbean Broadcasting Network surrendered WPRU-LP's license to the Federal Communications Commission on January 14, 2021, who cancelled it the same day. References Aguadilla, Puerto Rico Television channels and stations established in 2005 2005 establishments in Puerto Rico PRU-LP Television channels and stations disestablished in 2021 2021 disestablishments in Puerto Rico PRU-LP Defunct television stations in the United States ABC network affiliates PRU
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amanda%20Abizaid	Amanda Jo Abizaid is an American Lebanese model, actress, and singer/songwriter, known for her vocal performance on the theme song of the USA Network/Sky One science fiction TV series The 4400. Early years Amanda Jo Abizaid was born in Beirut, Lebanon to an American mother and a Lebanese father of partial Mexican descent. She traveled the Middle East and Europe with her family before the age of ten, when she moved with her mother and brother to the United States. With her four elder sisters, she formed a band and developed a talent for harmonies. Her first exposure to music was Middle Eastern music combined with the late 1970s American influences of Alice Cooper, Elton John, Crosby, Stills and Nash, and The Beatles. After moving to the U.S., Abizaid lived in Poughkeepsie, New York until moving to Great Falls, Virginia for high school. She later attended the Corcoran School of Art in Georgetown and then transferred to the Catholic University of America to study drama and music, while pursuing a career in hairstyling. She dropped out of college to work as a runway model with designers such as Jacques Fath, Nina Ricci, Oscar de la Renta, Alberta Ferretti, Badgley Mischka, Chloé, and Bill Blass. She traveled to Paris and Germany and modeled for London designer Zandra Rhodes in the UK. Afterward, she returned to the U.S. to live in Miami, Florida, where she met musician/songwriter Shane Soloski in the late 1990s and decided to move to Los Angeles to form a band with him. Their first gig was an open mic at Molly Malone's where she met and played with Todd Sucherman (drummer for Styx). After several open mics around Los Angeles, she and Soloski formed a band called Blue which included musicians Eric Dover (guitarist for Alice Cooper), Ron Dziubla (guitarist/saxophonist for Ricky Martin), Brian Head (drummer for Foreigner), Mike Mennell (bassist for Tom Jones), and Taylor Mills (singer for Brian Wilson). They played a series of shows in Los Angeles at The Gig and The Mint and broke up in 2001 just before releasing their first album. She then recorded and performed as a backup vocalist for Jennifer Stills and as a backup vocalist for Kathleen Bird York (known for her Oscar-nominated song "In the Deep" from Crash). Abizaid began recording vocal sessions for several TV shows with writers Stephen Phillips and Tim P. from Bosshouse Music, as well as two songs for the 2002 film Devious Beings. She was also the voice for Ally Sheedy and Charisma Carpenter on the TV show Strange Frequency (2001), singing a vocal recorded duet with Sebastian Bach. Due to the success of The 4400, New York Post columnist Adam Buckman wrote on August 28, 2005, "I'd like to thank two singers — one named Sia and the other named Amanda Abizaid — for making TV all the more memorable this summer." Solo years Now an established artist in Los Angeles, Abizaid has performed as a solo artist releasing a single, two EPs, and one LP working with musicians Eric Dover, Ron Dziubla, Mike Menn
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachelor%20of%20Computing	A Bachelor of Computing (B.Comp.) is a bachelor's degree in computing. This degree is offered in a small number of universities, and varies slightly from a Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) in Computer Science or Information Technology, a Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (B.Sc IT.) or a Bachelor of Computer Science (B.CS.). Academics Most universities confer a Bachelor of Computing degree to a student after four years of full-time study (generally 120 credit hours) has been completed. This can include units regarding computing studies, however a large focus is placed on the integration of computing with either science, liberal arts, or business. Potential specialisations within a B.Comp. vary greatly, and may include: Cognitive Science, Computer Science, Information Technology, Management Information Systems, Medical Informatics, Medical Imaging, Multimedia, or Software Engineering. Job prospects A Bachelor of Computing integrated with science can lead to various professional careers, ranging from data analysis and cyber security analysis to game designing and developing. Other fields in which this degree could be useful include business analysis, IT training, nanotechnology and network engineering. See also Bachelor of Computer Information Systems Bachelor of Computer Science Bachelor of Information Technology Bachelor of Science in Information Technology References Science in Information Technology Computer science education Information technology qualifications
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interface%20Message%20Processor	The Interface Message Processor (IMP) was the packet switching node used to interconnect participant networks to the ARPANET from the late 1960s to 1989. It was the first generation of gateways, which are known today as routers. An IMP was a ruggedized Honeywell DDP-516 minicomputer with special-purpose interfaces and software. In later years the IMPs were made from the non-ruggedized Honeywell 316 which could handle two-thirds of the communication traffic at approximately one-half the cost. An IMP requires the connection to a host computer via a special bit-serial interface, defined in BBN Report 1822. The IMP software and the ARPA network communications protocol running on the IMPs was discussed in , the first of a series of standardization documents published by what later became the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). History The concept of an "Interface computer" was first proposed in 1966 by Donald Davies for the NPL network in England. The same idea was independently developed in early 1967 at a meeting of principal investigators for the Department of Defense's Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) to discuss interconnecting machines across the country. Larry Roberts, who led the ARPANET implementation, initially proposed a network of host computers. Wes Clark suggested inserting "a small computer between each host computer and the network of transmission lines", i.e. making the IMP a separate computer. The IMPs were built by the Massachusetts-based company Bolt Beranek and Newman (BBN) in 1969. BBN was contracted to build four IMPs, the first being due at UCLA by Labor Day; the remaining three were to be delivered in one-month intervals thereafter, completing the entire network in a total of twelve months. When Massachusetts Senator Edward Kennedy learned of BBN's accomplishment in signing this million-dollar agreement, he sent a telegram congratulating the company for being contracted to build the "Interfaith Message Processor". The team working on the IMP called themselves the "IMP Guys": Team Leader: Frank Heart Software: Willy Crowther, David Walden, Bernie Cosell and Paul Wexelblat Hardware: Severo Ornstein, Ben Barker Theory and collaboration with the above on the overall system design: Bob Kahn Other: Hawley Rising Added to IMP team later: Marty Thrope (hardware), Jim Geisman, Truett Thach (installation), Bill Bertell (Honeywell) BBN began programming work in February 1969 on modified Honeywell DDP-516s. The completed code was six thousand words long, and was written in the Honeywell 516 assembly language. The IMP software was produced primarily on a PDP-1, where the IMP code was written and edited, then run on the Honeywell. BBN designed the IMP simply as "a messenger" that would only "store-and-forward". BBN designed only the host-to-IMP specification, leaving host sites to build individual host-to-host interfaces. The IMP had an error-control mechanism that discarded packets with errors without acknowledg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nile%20TV%20International	Nile TV International is a public Egyptian television channel. It is the second Egyptian satellite television news network in Egypt, and the first Arab satellite channel to broadcast its programs in foreign languages; English, French, and formerly Hebrew. Nile TV International is broadcast on four satellites, allowing for its transmission to reach the whole Arab world, the Middle East, Europe, and the United States. Moreover, it is also broadcast as a terrestrial channel on the UHF band. In July 2009, Nile TV International became formally part of the News Center of the Egyptian Radio and Television Union (ERTU), headed by Abdel-Latif el-Menawy. Hebrew service There used to be a two-hour daily Hebrew service. The broadcast could be viewed outside of Egyptian borders from 6:00 PM CAT to 8:00 PM CAT, and aimed to represent a pan-Arab view. Administration The channel's current president is Sameh Ragaee, who was previously the president of the Al-Nile Al-Akhbar (Nile News) Channel. He took the post in 2014. The former president, Dr. Mervat Mohsen, had to resign because of a mistake caused by the shift supervisor, who broadcast a documentary on former Egyptian president Mohamed Morsi. Former presidents Hassan Hamed Halla Hashish Dr. Mervat Mohsen Nashwa Shalakany Mervat el-Kaffas Youssef Sherif Rizkallah Anchors and reporters Current English anchors Nermin Nazim Hend Farrag Nesreen Bahaa El-Din Yasser Abdel Hakim Radwa Mobarak Hany Seif Mahetab El-Afandi Mayssa Maher Mohamed Abdel Rehim Ibrahim Kabeel Dina Hussein Hala El-Hamalawy Mona Sweilam Nancy Sarah Barakat Yasmin Bakir Current English reporters Mona Moselhy Angy Maher Nermine Abdel Rahman Sally Lamloum Amira Mohsen Aya El-Batrawy Yasmine Ibrahim Karim Gamal El-Din Former English anchors Bassel Sabri Nihal Saad Sami Zidan Ayman Salah Ahmed El-Naggar Shahira Amin Yousef Gamal El-Din Shows Panorama News Mondays Front Line Open to Question Arab Affairs Business World Nile Cruise Cairo Watch Egypt Today In Ramadan 2009, the channel embarked on a daily two-hour talk show which aired from downtown Azhar park. "Egyptian Nights" aired 30 episodes and included several high-profile guests and extensive reporting. References External links ERTU 1994 establishments in Egypt Television stations in Egypt Arabic-language television stations International broadcasters Television channels and stations established in 1994 Government-owned companies of Egypt State media Mass media in Cairo Multilingual news services
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis%20Heylighen	Francis Paul Heylighen (born 27 September 1960) is a Belgian cyberneticist investigating the emergence and evolution of intelligent organization. He presently works as a research professor at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel (the Dutch-speaking Free University of Brussels), where he directs the transdisciplinary "Center Leo Apostel" and the research group on "Evolution, Complexity and Cognition". He is best known for his work on the Principia Cybernetica Project, his model of the Internet as a global brain, and his contributions to the theories of memetics and self-organization. He is also known, albeit to a lesser extent, for his work on gifted people and their problems. Biography Heylighen was born on September 27, 1960, in Vilvoorde, Belgium. He received his high school education from the "Koninklijk Atheneum Pitzemburg" in Mechelen, in the section Latin-Mathematics. He received his MSc in mathematical physics in 1982 from the Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), where he also received his PhD Summa cum Laude in Sciences in 1987 for his thesis, published in 1990, as "Representation and Change. A Metarepresentational Framework for the Foundations of Physical and Cognitive Science." In 1983 he started working as a researcher for the Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research (NFWO). In 1994 he became a tenured researcher at the NFWO and in 2001 a research professor at the VUB. Since 1995 he has been affiliated with the VUB's Center Leo Apostel for interdisciplinary studies. In 2004 he created the ECCO research group which he presently directs. Thanks to a grant from a private sponsor, in 2012 he additionally founded the Global Brain Institute at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, becoming its first director. In 1989 Valentin Turchin and Cliff Joslyn founded the Principia Cybernetica Project, and Heylighen joined a year later. In 1993 he created the project's encyclopedic site, one of the first complex websites in the world. In 1996, Heylighen founded the "Global Brain Group", an international discussion forum that provides a working platform for most of the scientists who have worked on the concept of emergent Internet intelligence. Heylighen was also one of the founders and former editor of the Journal of Memetics which ceased publication in 2008. Heylighen is a Fellow of the World Academy of Art and Science, and a member of the Global Agenda Council on Complex Systems of the World Economic Forum. His biography has been listed since 2002 in Marquis Who's Who in the world. In 2015, he received an "Outstanding Technology Contribution Award" from the Web Intelligence Consortium, for his research on the Global Brain. Work His research focuses on the emergence and evolution of complex, intelligent organization. Applications include the origin of life, the development of multicellular organisms, knowledge, culture, and societies, and the impact of information and communication technologies on present and future social evolution. Heylighen's scientif
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIAO	Component-Integrated ACE ORB, a CORBA Component Model (CCM) implementation CIAO: Columbia International Affairs Online, an electronic database from Columbia University Press CIAO (AM): Radio station at 790 kHz in Brampton, Ontario CHLO (AM): Radio station at 530 kHz in Brampton, Ontario, that once held the CIAO call sign See also Ciao (disambiguation)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual%20folder	In computing, a virtual folder generally denotes an organizing principle for files that is not dependent on location in a hierarchical directory tree. Instead, it consists of software that coalesces results from a data store, which may be a database or a custom index, and presents them visually in the format in which folder views are presented. A virtual folder can be thought of as a view that lists all files tagged with a certain tag, and thus a simulation of a folder whose dynamic contents can be assembled on the fly, when requested. It is related in concept to several other topics in computer science, with names including saved search, saved query, and filtering. Technology Virtual folders provide a means for making it easier for users to find files that are content-related, such as by project. The user needs to specify criteria and all files matching the criteria are dynamically aggregated into the virtual folder. Files in a virtual folder are not limited to any single physical location on the hard drive, as is the case with traditional folders, but can be in any location. In fact, files in a virtual folder do not even need to be stored as files on the hard drive. They may be on a network share or in a custom application datastore such as e-mail inbox or even a database. Documents cannot be "stored" in a virtual folder, since physically a virtual folder is just a file storing a search query. Any attempt to store a file in a virtual folder, depending on the implementation, is redirected to some physical store. Most implementations speed up searching by pre-indexing the hard drive, or the locations where the search has to be performed. So when searching is to be done, the index, which is a representation of the entire data suitable for fast searching, is used. Since the entire folder hierarchy is not accessed, the search is completed much faster. Implementations Virtual folders are a well-established construct in operating systems. BeOS included a version of virtual folders referred to as "saved queries", that has since influenced the development of virtual folder features in operating systems like Mac OS X, Windows and Linux. These virtual folders are populated dynamically by executing a search on the entire file system, or a subset of it, or by using the cached version of the search. History BeOS The initial developer preview of the operating system, released in October 1995, included database-like functionality to make it easier for users to manage their files. To do this the filesystem indexes certain file attributes to allow for fast searching. By default the filesystem indexes the filename, size and last modified timestamp automatically, but could also create indexes for other attributes when told to by either an application or by the user. When a user performs a file search, a file is created in the folder "/boot/home/queries" with a name derived from the content of the query and the date and time of the search, such as "Nam
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictive%20learning	Predictive learning is a technique of machine learning in which an agent tries to build a model of its environment by trying out different actions in various circumstances. It uses knowledge of the effects its actions appear to have, turning them into planning operators. These allow the agent to act purposefully in its world. Predictive learning is one attempt to learn with a minimum of pre-existing mental structure. It may have been inspired by Piaget's account of how children construct knowledge of the world by interacting with it. Gary Drescher's book 'Made-up Minds' was seminal for the area. The idea that predictions and Unconscious inference are used by the brain to construct a model of the world, in which it can identify causes of percepts, is however even older and goes at least back to Hermann von Helmholtz. Those ideas were later picked up in the field of Predictive coding. Another related predictive learning theory is Jeff Hawkins' memory-prediction framework, which is laid out in his On Intelligence. See also Reinforcement learning Predictive coding References Machine learning
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterfall%20Bay%2C%20Hong%20Kong	Waterfall Bay or Pok Po Wan () is a bay in Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong. Located on the East Lamma Channel off the coast of Wah Fu Estate and Cyberport at Telegraph Bay, it is named after the waterfall that flows into it. The fresh water from this waterfall is said to have given the city its name – the translation of Hong Kong's name in Cantonese 香港 means "fragrant harbour". An eponymous park is now situated around the area. Location Waterfall Bay is located in the Pok Fu Lam area, with the waterfall itself encompassed by Wah Fu Estate and the residential complex of Bel-Air on the Peak in Cyberport. Geographically, the bay forms part of the East Lamma Channel. The park surrounding the bay can be accessed by a road by the same name (Waterfall Bay Road), which is connected to Wah Fu Road. A trail at Waterfall Bay Park leads from a series of stairs down to a rocky/sandy area where the falls can be viewed from below. History Pre-1841 British colonisation It is not known when Waterfall Bay was first discovered. The first English-language mention of Hong Kong or the waterfall was in Dr. Clark Abel's "Narrative of a Journey to China," which recounted his 1816 travels with William Amherst on Amherst's failed mission to China. Lord Amherst used the bay as the rendezvous point for his ships before proceeding north. The visit produced the first engravings of the falls. Fishermen working in the southern part of Hong Kong Island referred to Aberdeen Harbour as "Hong Kong", which translates to "fragrant harbour". This name is attributed to the fresh water that flowed into Waterfall Bay from its namesake natural feature. The waterfall became well known among British and European sailors, who would refill their fresh water supplies directly from the falls on their journey towards other ports in Asia, such as Galle, Ceylon, and Malacca, Malaya. This brought about the city's reputation for its abundant supply of drinking water, one of the few places on the coast of China to have such a resource. As a result, the name derived from the waterfall was later utilised to refer to the entire island and Victoria Harbour. Post-1841 Construction of the nearby Pok Fu Lam Reservoir—the first key water storage facility in the colony—was finished in 1863. In order to accomplish this, the streams flowing from the mountains that are the source of the waterfall were dammed. This greatly reduced the flow intensity of the waterfall. Second World War Due to the bay's strategic location overlooking the Lamma Channel, it was utilised by the British during the Second World War to defend the colony from the Japanese. A pillbox and searchlight—known as a Lyon Light—was constructed; the former served as a bunker for Allied soldiers during the Battle of Hong Kong. Now in ruins, they can still be accessed at low tide. See also List of bays in Hong Kong References Bays of Hong Kong Pok Fu Lam Southern District, Hong Kong
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal%20variation%20search	Principal variation search (sometimes equated with the practically identical NegaScout) is a negamax algorithm that can be faster than alpha–beta pruning. Like alpha–beta pruning, NegaScout is a directional search algorithm for computing the minimax value of a node in a tree. It dominates alpha–beta pruning in the sense that it will never examine a node that can be pruned by alpha–beta; however, it relies on accurate node ordering to capitalize on this advantage. NegaScout works best when there is a good move ordering. In practice, the move ordering is often determined by previous shallower searches. It produces more cutoffs than alpha–beta by assuming that the first explored node is the best. In other words, it supposes the first node is in the principal variation. Then, it can check whether that is true by searching the remaining nodes with a null window (also known as a scout window; when alpha and beta are equal), which is faster than searching with the regular alpha–beta window. If the proof fails, then the first node was not in the principal variation, and the search continues as normal alpha–beta. Hence, NegaScout works best when the move ordering is good. With a random move ordering, NegaScout will take more time than regular alpha–beta; although it will not explore any nodes alpha–beta did not, it will have to re-search many nodes. Alexander Reinefeld invented NegaScout several decades after the invention of alpha–beta pruning. He gives a proof of correctness of NegaScout in his book. Another search algorithm called SSS* can theoretically result in fewer nodes searched. However, its original formulation has practical issues (in particular, it relies heavily on an OPEN list for storage) and nowadays most chess engines still use a form of NegaScout in their search. Most chess engines use a transposition table in which the relevant part of the search tree is stored. This part of the tree has the same size as SSS's OPEN list would have. A reformulation called MT-SSS allowed it to be implemented as a series of null window calls to Alpha–Beta (or NegaScout) that use a transposition table, and direct comparisons using game playing programs could be made. It did not outperform NegaScout in practice. Yet another search algorithm, which does tend to do better than NegaScout in practice, is the best-first algorithm called MTD(f), although neither algorithm dominates the other. There are trees in which NegaScout searches fewer nodes than SSS* or MTD(f) and vice versa. NegaScout takes after SCOUT, invented by Judea Pearl in 1980, which was the first algorithm to outperform alpha–beta and to be proven asymptotically optimal. Null windows, with β=α+1 in a negamax setting, were invented independently by J.P. Fishburn and used in an algorithm similar to SCOUT in an appendix to his Ph.D. thesis, in a parallel alpha–beta algorithm, and on the last subtree of a search tree root node. The idea Most of the moves are not acceptable for both pl
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warwick%20railway%20station%2C%20Perth	Warwick railway station is a railway station on the Transperth network. It is located on the Joondalup line, from Perth station serving the suburb of Warwick. History Prior to the commissioning of the site as a railway station, the location was originally a bus interchange known as the Warwick Bus Station. Opened in 1987, it was similar in design and appearance to facilities constructed at Mirrabooka and Rockingham for the same purpose. It provided services connecting the Perth central business district to bus routes servicing the then rapidly expanding northern suburbs. The site also contains a privately operated day care centre which remains in operation as of September 2019. The original bus station was connected to the adjoining Mitchell Freeway by a two-lane on/off ramp in both the north and south directions, constructed in the middle of the Mitchell Freeway reserve. It was constructed to service freeway express buses from Perth, services which were subsequently phased out with the opening of the railway station. The on/off ramp was connected to the bus station via a bridge spanning the southbound lanes of the Freeway. The bus station was positioned on land north of the connecting bridge between the Freeway East Embankment (controlled by the Main Roads Department), Hawker Avenue, land occupied by the Warwick chapel of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and adjoining residential housing. Design and construction At the time of the station's design, it was recognised by The Urban Rail Electrification Committee that the placement of bus services in close proximity or direct connection to rail infrastructure was of significant importance. This was evidenced by the Kelmscott and Armadale stations, and the then recently completed Cannington station. Under the Northern Suburbs Transit System Project, construction on the station was scheduled to commence on 16 November 1991, with completion expected by the end of December 1992. Whitfords station being of a very similar design was scheduled for construction in synchronisation with Warwick station. The station was to include a number of facilities, including a bus concourse to connect with feeder bus services, information booths and offices for railway staff, amenities and services, as well as access services for mobility-impaired passengers in line with design requirements of the time. Further to this, pieces of the Passenger Information Network installed at the station included previously unseen electronic displays on the upper bus decks designed to provide drivers with information so they could connect with appointed trains or communicate with bus depot control in the event of delays. Passenger information systems across the network were upgraded as part of the improvements under the New MetroRail Project. Car parking spaces were also included as part of the construction project, which included a significant number of on-grade parking bays on the eastern side of the station for
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20tunnels%20of%20the%20Faroe%20Islands	Tunnels and bridges are an important part of the Faroese transportation network. Tunnels This list shows the Faroese tunnels, listed by age: Bridges and causeways This list shows the longest Faroese bridges and causeways, listed by age: Tunnels under construction Proposed tunnels Operator Public works authority Landsverk operates the national road network including all land-based tunnels. The four sub-sea tunnels have each their own state-owned company brought together under the daily management of Tunnil, which administers the tolls. These are paid by drivers at select petrol stations, via number plate recognition. Reduced fares are available for vehicles with a subscription (in Faroese: hald). Tórshavn Municipality owns the Sandá Bridge. A 2022 poll suggested continued support for toll charges. See also Transport in the Faroe Islands References External links Tunnil, the Operator of toll tunnels Landsverk, the operator of all other national highways Faroe Islands Tunnels Tunnels
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSTR	CSTR may refer to: The Centre for Speech Technology Research at The University of Edinburgh Coinstar (NASDAQ ticker symbol) Computer Science Technical Report, particularly those from Bell Labs, often seminal Continuous stirred-tank reactor
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S.C.A.R.S.%20%28video%20game%29	S.C.A.R.S. (standing for Super Computer Animal Racing Simulator, although unmentioned) is a racing video game developed by Vivid Image and published by Ubi Soft for PlayStation, Nintendo 64, and Microsoft Windows in 1998. Development While working on the various ports of Street Racer, Vivid Image and Ubi Soft decided it would be a good idea to create a 3D racing game specifically for the next-gen consoles. Mev Dinc, who headed Vivid Image, developed a concept of cars based on wildcats and other animals, with tracks that reflected their natural habitats. Ubi Soft loved the idea, and provided some of their own graphics and sound design resources to help fill the otherwise strained team. Originally, the game was going to be called Vivid Racing. After some iterations, they instead decided on S.C.A.R.S. As development progressed, the coders struggled with balancing the high level of detail and performance with the space limitations of the tracks. Courses needed to be shortened, and as a result, many of the technical turns and obstacles were condensed, creating a much more challenging experience than they had originally planned. Reception The game received above average reviews on all platforms according to the review aggregation website GameRankings. Next Generation said of the PlayStation version in its December 1998 issue, "For all its faults, S.C.A.R.S. isn't terrible, and it is one of the few PlayStation games to allow four players to race in 3D on a split screen. If you have a Multitap, this is almost a worthy purchase. Without a Multitap, it's a colorful racer, but not much else." Two issues later, however, the magazine said of the Nintendo 64 version, "One of the best of the Mario Kart clones, S.C.A.R.S. does nearly everything right, surpassing both the graphics and the control of the PlayStation version. The game is challenging and addicting without ever annoying the player to the point of frustration. It supports up to four players via split screen and is a great way to kill time with friends." Dr. Zombie of GamePro said of the PlayStation version in its November 1998 issue, "You shouldn't pass up S.C.A.R.S as just another kiddie Mario Kart-style racer – by taking a look under this hood, you'll find a lot of fun action." One issue later, he said of the Nintendo 64 version, "Mario Kart fans will find S.C.A.R.S similar but with a much harder edge. The game's action is fast and furious with enough variety in its tracks and weapons to warrant replay." Joel Strauch called the PC version "an easy-to-pick-up game that the kids'll love and adults will tolerate. It's missing the best part of Mario Kart-esque games—the battle mode—but you can't beat the price." Notes References External links 1998 video games Science fiction racing games Multiplayer and single-player video games Nintendo 64 games PlayStation (console) games Racing video games Ubisoft games Video games developed in the United Kingdom Windows games
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe%20It%27s%20Me%20%28TV%20series%29	Maybe It's Me is an American television sitcom that aired on The WB network. It premiered on October 5, 2001, and ended on May 3, 2002. The series was created and executive produced by Suzanne Martin, a former writer of Frasier and Ellen. Premise The series was centered on the life of teenager Molly Stage (Reagan Dale Neis) and her eccentric and often-embarrassing family, including her parents (insanely frugal mom, played by Julia Sweeney, and soccer-obsessed dad, played by Fred Willard), her two older brothers, her little twin sisters, and her grandparents. Over the course of the series, Molly dealt with many situations in which her family embarrassed her on numerous occasions. Not alone in her perils, she had her best friend Mia (Vicki Davis) by her side who is madly in love with Molly's older brother Grant (Patrick Levis), who is a born-again Christian. Her oldest, self-absorbed brother Rick (Andrew W. Walker) constantly got into trouble. Original series title During the network's upfront presentation that season, the show was originally titled Maybe I'm Adopted, but following negative feedback, the show was re-titled. The show was unique in that it featured pop-up graphics on the screen, a concept originally proposed by Stan Rogow for another Disney-produced comedy series, Lizzie McGuire. Cast Main Julia Sweeney as Mary Stage Reagan Dale Neis as Molly Stage Patrick Levis as Grant Stage Ellen Albertini Dow as Grandma Harriet Krupp Andrew W. Walker as Rick Stage Daniella Canterman as Mindy Stage Deanna Canterman as Cindy Stage Vicki Davis as Mia Fred Willard as Jerry Stage Recurring Dabbs Greer as Grandpa Fred Stage #1 (21 episodes) Walter Marsh as Grandpa Fred Stage (1 episode: Pilot) Shaun Sipos as Nick Gibson (8 episodes) Noah Bastian as Ben (6 episodes) Episodes References 3. ^https://www.lukeford.net/profiles/profiles/stan_rogow.htm External links 2000s American single-camera sitcoms 2000s American teen sitcoms 2001 American television series debuts 2002 American television series endings English-language television shows Television series about dysfunctional families Television series about teenagers Television series by ABC Studios Television series by Warner Bros. Television Studios Television shows filmed in Vancouver Television shows set in Rhode Island The WB original programming
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACARS	In aviation, ACARS (; an acronym for Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System) is a digital datalink system for transmission of short messages between aircraft and ground stations via airband radio or satellite. The protocol was designed by ARINC and deployed in 1978, using the Telex format. More ACARS radio stations were added subsequently by SITA. History of ACARS Prior to the introduction of datalink in aviation, all communication between the aircraft and ground personnel was performed by the flight crew using voice communication, using either VHF or HF voice radios. In many cases, the voice-relayed information involved dedicated radio operators and digital messages sent to an airline teletype system or successor systems. Further, the hourly rates for flight and cabin crew salaries depended on whether the aircraft was airborne or not, and if on the ground whether it was at the gate or not. The flight crews reported these times by voice to geographically dispersed radio operators. Airlines wanted to eliminate self-reported times to preclude inaccuracies, whether accidental or deliberate. Doing so also reduced the need for human radio operators to receive the reports. In an effort to reduce crew workload and improve data integrity, the engineering department at ARINC introduced the ACARS system in July 1978, as an automated time clock system. Teledyne Controls produced the avionics and the launch customer was Piedmont Airlines. The original expansion of the abbreviation was "Arinc Communications Addressing and Reporting System". Later, it was changed to "Aircraft Communications, Addressing and Reporting System". The original avionics standard was ARINC 597, which defined an ACARS Management Unit consisting of discrete inputs for the doors, parking brake and weight on wheels sensors to automatically determine the flight phase and generate and send as telex messages. It also contained a MSK modem, which was used to transmit the reports over existing VHF voice radios. Global standards for ACARS were prepared by the Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee (AEEC). The first day of ACARS operations saw about 4,000 transactions, but it did not experience widespread use by the major airlines until the 1980s. Early ACARS systems were extended over the years to support aircraft with digital data bus interfaces, flight management systems, and printers. System description and functions ACARS as a term refers to the complete air and ground system, consisting of equipment on board, equipment on the ground, and a service provider. On-board ACARS equipment consists of end systems with a router, which routes messages through the air-ground subnetwork. Ground equipment is made up of a network of radio transceivers managed by a central site computer called AFEPS (Arinc Front End Processor System), which handles and routes messages. Generally, ground ACARS units are either government agencies such as the Federal Aviation Administration, an
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galavisi%C3%B3n	Galavisión is an American Spanish-language pay television network owned by TelevisaUnivision. The network is unrelated to the earlier Mexican channel of the same name, though both broadcast Televisa-produced programming. As of February 2015, approximately 68,355,000 American households (58.7% of households with television) received Galavisión. History Galavisión started on April 2, 1979, as a premium cable network, broadcasting a mix of classic and recent Mexican and other Spanish-language films as well as Spanish-dubbed recent Hollywood productions. By 1984, the network became a general entertainment basic cable channel, offering a combination of Televisa programming and SIN reruns. In the mid 1990s, Galavisión was led by Javier Saralegui and aired a mix of Spanish- and English-language programs like Kiki desde Hollywood or Funny is Funny. They also incorporated Miami-produced variety entertainment show A Oscuras Pero Encendidos, hosted by Paul Bouche. It complemented this strategy with Televisa-produced programs that first aired on Univision, with entertainment and some news programs from Televisa's all-news network ECO, including an Entertainment Tonight-style program anchored by Pita Ojeda and Ilia Calderón. Since the year 2000, Galavisión aired a combination of classic comedy, telenovelas, and late night shows from the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s that aired originally on Univision, with more present-day offerings from news, sports and specials originating from Televisa's three networks, Las Estrellas, FOROtv, and Nueve as well as two shows produced by Televisa's music network, TeleHit. On its most recent programming strategy, Galavisión expanded original productions with shows like Acceso máximo, En casa con Lucy, Delicioso (hosted by Ingrid Hoffmann), Vida total, Decorando contigo, Un destino, Lo mejor de boxeo en esta esquina, the best of sister network UniMás's Solo boxeo series. The Televisa produced programming is also crafted to fit strict broadcast standards. Sports and news programming Galavisión's coverage of soccer, produced by Televisa, is done with a secondary or "clean" feed in which any references to Televisa are not shown and Galavisión supplants the feed with Univision's announcers and graphics. In the early days, Galavisión would use the whole Televisa feed while covering any Televisa promotions or sponsor tags with a green generic Galavisión border logo. As for news programming, Galavisión, while owned by Univision Networks, has no news operations and instead airs newscasts from Televisa's networks Canal de las Estrellas, FOROtv, and Gala TV. Because most of Mexico does not observe daylight saving time the same day as the United States, morning programs like "Despierta con Carlos Loret de Mola" are aired on an hour delay on Galavisión during said time, from the second Sunday in March until the first Sunday in April and again during the week between the last Sunday in October and the first Sunday in November. Progr
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20A.%20Schneider	John A. ("Jack") Schneider (December 4, 1926 - December 10, 2019 in Stamford, CT) was a former president of the CBS Television Network from 1965-1976, and from 1979 until 1984, the first president of Warner Amex Satellite Entertainment, the company that created MTV. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. After serving in the United States Naval Reserve in World War II, he graduated from the University of Notre Dame in 1948. Schneider told The New York Times upon taking the job "I'm 38 now, but I'll be 55 next week" on the suddenness of the promotion, Schneider having no experience at the network level. Career Schneider joined CBS in Chicago in 1950 and was working in national advertising sales when the network in 1958 bought WCAU-TV in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Schneider was named general manager of the station, serving until October 1964, when he was named general manager of WCBS-TV in New York City. On February 28, 1965, Schneider was appointed president of the CBS Television Network and a vice president and board member of CBS, Inc. Schneider next became the first president of the newly formed CBS Broadcast Group in 1966. He became an executive VP of CBS Inc. in 1969 and held that position until 1978. He was responsible for the CBS Television Network, CBS News, CBS stations, and CBS radio. CBS was the preeminent broadcast network under his tenure. In 1977 CBS removed John A. Schneider as president of the broadcast group and was made a senior vice president on the corporate level, responsible for governmental, industrial and international relations. He was the original president of Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment Company in 1979, a joint venture of Warner Communications' Warner Cable and American Express. By 1981, he oversaw the launch of MTV. He was also awarded the IRTS (International Radio and Television Society) Gold Medal. Personal life He was the son of Arnold and Anna Schneider. Following high school, he enrolled at the University of Notre Dame to study Naval Science and Tactics where he earned his B.S. degree in Naval Science in 1946. He served as an ensign in the Navy aboard the destroyer USS Hobson during World War II. After the war, he returned to Notre Dame and earned a degree in Marketing in 1948. References 1926 births 2019 deaths American television executives Businesspeople from Chicago United States Navy sailors University of Notre Dame alumni University of Notre Dame Trustees 20th-century American businesspeople
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SoHo%20%28Australian%20TV%20channel%29	SoHo was an Australian pay television channel. Originally launched as FX in 1995 and oriented towards classic programming, it was rebranded as W. and shifted its focus to women's programming on 1 November 2003. Later, on 20 August 2012, it was again rebranded as SoHo and shifted its focus to drama television series. The channel closed down on 4 October 2016, and was replaced by Binge. History In 1995, FX, then stylised as fX, was launched in Australia on Foxtel, featuring classic TV series (often branded as "Golden Years of Television"). In late 1998 fX became FX, which at the time was a channel aimed at women, unlike the international FX channels demographic, featuring shows such as The View and Donny and Marie. The channel became available on Austar in April 1999. In late 2000, FX was again rebranded, officially becoming "Australia's first TV channel for women". It was relaunched as W. on 1 November 2003, shortly before digital broadcasting began. W screened original Australian programming such as Beauty and the Beast, Love My Way, From Here to Maternity and Studio A with Simon Burke. It also had Pay-TV rights to many popular US primetime drama series such as Pushing Daisies and The Wire and repeats of many other series. Antonia Kidman, sister of actress Nicole Kidman, was the face of the W channel, for quite some time and has presented a few parenting and entertainment programs for this and other channels. W2, the timeshift channel broadcasting programs two hours later, was launched in September 2006. A website for the channel was also launched in September 2006. W. underwent a transformation in April 2009, which included an updated logo (now simply W) and several new additions to the primetime line-up. W HD was launched on 15 November 2009, on both Austar and Foxtel. In 2012, it was announced that SoHo was to broadcast the new Australian drama Wentworth, a re-imaging of the classic television show Prisoner. The series started airing on 1 May 2013. The channel closed on 30 September 2016, with existing programs being moved to other channels. Most programs migrated to Showcase, with a handful of other titles moving to TV H!TS, Arena and FOX8. Programming Original programming Love My Way (2004 on FOX8, 2005 on W Channel, 2007 on Showcase) Beauty and the Beast (2005–2007) Spirited (2010–2011) Wentworth (2013–2016) A Place to Call Home (2013–2014 on Seven, 2015 on SoHo) Acquired programming on SoHo A Place to Call Home (seasons 1 & 2) Any Human Heart Army Wives Band of Brothers Big Love Boardwalk Empire Bored to Death The Borgias Boss Burn Notice The Closer Cloudstreet Curb Your Enthusiasm Dallas Damages Enlightened Entourage Friday Night Lights Game of Thrones Girls The Glades Graceland How to Make It in America In Treatment John Adams The Killing Labyrinth Las Vegas Law & Order Law & Order: Criminal Intent Leverage The Client List The Listener Longmire Love/Hate Luck Magic City Major Crimes Men of a Certain Age Mildred Pierce
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeCAD%20Software	GECAD Software was a Romanian's Computer Aided Design (CAD) software development company established in 1992 by Radu Georgescu. Over time, GECAD's focus shifted from CAD software to security-related software, mainly antivirus software. Its most prominent product, Reliable Antivirus, or RAV, was first developed in 1994. In 2003, after amassing over 10 million users in 60 countries worldwide, the technology was acquired by Microsoft. In 2004, GECAD Software reshaped its entire business and became GECAD Group. Now, GECAD Group invests in companies with high growth potential with the ability to innovate and deliver new ideas and products in their markets. Investment is focused primarily on software and hi-tech companies, including security software, cloud technologies, eCommerce, cryptocurrencies, and payment methods. In 2005, the GECAD Group invested in founding the Avangate eCommerce payments platform. GECAD Group permanently invests in new businesses. References External links Official website Information technology companies of Romania Companies based in Bucharest Microsoft acquisitions Software companies of Romania
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language-Sensitive%20Editor	Language-Sensitive Editor (LSE) is a full-screen visual editor for the VAX/VMS and OpenVMS Operating systems. LSE is implemented by using the Text Processing Utility (TPU) language. It is part of the DECset programming tool set, which also contains a test manager, the performance and coverage analyzer (PCA), a code management system (CMS), and a module management mystem (MMS). Features LSE requires the features of a VT100 terminal and successors, or a compatible terminal emulator. It has the following features: Syntax templates for a number of programming languages, which can be modified or extended by the user. Windowing support. Compilation and debug within editor. Programmable editing functions. EDT keypad layout default. Languages As shipped in 1999 LSE came with templates for the following programming languages: DEC Ada DEC BASIC DEC C DEC C++ VAX COBOL DIGITAL Fortran DEC PASCAL VAX BLISS-32 VAX C VAX MACRO DEC PL/I As of 2007 the following additional templates were supplied: Kednos PL/I for OpenVMS VAX ADA VAX BASIC VAX BLISS VAX CDD/Plus DEC COBOL VAX Datatrieve DEC DATATRIEVE VAX DIBOL VAX DOCUMENT VAX FORTRAN MACRO-64 VAX SCAN References External links OpenVMS text editors
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WVIT	WVIT (channel 30) is a television station licensed to New Britain, Connecticut, United States, serving as the NBC outlet for the Hartford–New Haven market. It is owned and operated by the network's NBC Owned Television Stations division alongside Class A Telemundo outlet WRDM-CD (channel 19). Both stations share studios on New Britain Avenue in West Hartford and transmitter facilities on Rattlesnake Mountain in Farmington, Connecticut. History Early years WVIT signed on for the first time on February 13, 1953, as WKNB-TV, owned by the New Britain Broadcasting Company along with WKNB radio (840 AM, now WRYM). The calls stood for Kensington–New Britain. It is Connecticut's second-oldest television station and the first on the UHF band. It has been an NBC affiliate for nearly all of its history. However, during its first two and a half years, it carried CBS programming as one of two affiliates in Connecticut, along with WNHC-TV (now WTNH) in New Haven. At the time, Hartford and New Haven were recognized by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) as separate television markets; the commission would merge them into one market in 1954. In January 1955, NBC announced it would purchase the WKNB stations for just over $600,000. Though the network was acquiring both radio and television outlets, the key to the deal was channel 30–as one of the first UHF stations to be owned by a major network, the FCC encouraged the networks to expand their owned-and-operated holdings to include outlets in the new band to help ensure its viability. Indeed, NBC made plans to boost channel 30's signal to cover the entire market. WKNB-TV began carrying the full NBC programming schedule in October 1955. The FCC approved the sale to NBC in December 1956, nearly two years after it was first announced. The network then renamed channel 30 WNBC (for New Britain, Connecticut) in January 1957. In its first stint as an NBC-owned station, channel 30 failed to gain much headway in the ratings, largely because television manufacturers were not required to include UHF tuning capability until 1964. Viewers had to buy an expensive converter to watch WNBC, and even with one the picture was barely viewable. In addition, plans to relocate the station's tower and to boost transmission power never moved forward. In September 1957, the Hartford-based Travelers Insurance Company signed on independent station WTIC-TV (channel 3, now WFSB), the state's second and last VHF station. Within a year of its debut (and despite its radio sister having been an NBC radio affiliate for over thirty years) WTIC-TV became Connecticut's CBS affiliate, replacing its owned-and-operated station, WHCT-TV (channel 18, now Univision affiliate WUVN). NBC then realized its UHF experiment was a lost cause (it had shut down its other owned UHF station in Buffalo, New York, in October 1958), and in June 1959 sold WNBC and WKNB radio for $750,000 to Plains Television Inc., a joint venture of Transcontinental Properti
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computershare	Computershare Limited is an Australian stock transfer company that provides corporate trust, stock transfer, and employee share plan services in many countries. The company currently has offices in 20 countries, including Australia, the United Kingdom, Ireland, the United States, Canada, the Channel Islands, South Africa, Hong Kong, New Zealand, Germany, and Denmark. History Computershare Limited was founded in 1978 in Melbourne, Australia, and has grown largely through overseas acquisitions. In 1997, the Australian-based Computershare expanded its registry business to include financial markets in New Zealand and the United Kingdom and acquired the Royal Bank of Scotland's registrar department. In subsequent years, it expanded its business into Ireland, South Africa, and Hong Kong. In 2004, Computershare acquired the stock transfer sectors of Harris Bank and Montreal Trust and purchased the German-based Pepper Technologies AG. Since 2004, Computershare has acquired registry companies in Russia and India. In 2005, it acquired Equiserve. In 2006 it bought the shareholder management services from National Bank of Canada. In July 2007, Computershare acquired Datacare Software Group and its products GCM and Boardworks. Currently known as Computershare Governance Services and its main product GEMS. In February 2008, Computershare announced a cash takeover offer for Australian mailhouse group QM Technologies Limited. In September 2008, Computershare bought Lichfield based Childcare Voucher Services business called Busy Bees. The name has been re-branded to Computershare Voucher Services or CVS. In February 2010, Computershare acquired HBOS Employee Equity Solutions from Lloyds Banking Group for a sum of around £40m. In January 2012, Computershare acquired Shareowner Services (Stock Transfer Sector) from Bank of New York Mellon (BNYM) for a sum of around $550 Million. In June 2013, Computershare Limited completed the acquisition of the EMEA–based portion of Morgan Stanley's Global Stock Plan Services business. In December 2015, the Central Bank of Ireland reprimanded and fined Computershare €322,500 for a number of breaches of the law related to the certainty of ownership of client assets. On 12 November 2018, it completed acquisition of Equatex Group Holding AG, formerly European shares plan business of UBS. The deal was announced on 16 May 2018. All 220+ employees are expected transfer to Computershare as part of the acquisition. On March 23, 2021, Computershare acquired Wells Fargo Corporate Trust business for $750 million. Services offered Computershare primarily provides stock registration and transfer services to companies listed on stock markets, but also offers technology services for stock exchanges, investor services for shareholders and employee share plan management. References External links Australian companies established in 1978 Business services companies established in 1978 Financial services companies established in
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vodacom	Vodacom Group Limited is a South African mobile communications company, providing voice, messaging, data and converged services to over 130 million customers across Africa. From its roots in South Africa, Vodacom has grown its operations to include networks in Tanzania, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mozambique, and Lesotho, and provides business services to customers in over 32 African countries, including Nigeria, Zambia, Angola, Kenya, Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire, and Cameroon. History It was owned in a 50/50 partnership by the South African telecommunications giant Telkom and British multinational operator Vodafone. On 6 November 2008, Vodafone announced that it had agreed to increase its stake to 64.5%, and Telkom said that it would spin off its remaining holding by listing it on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE). On 1 April 2011, Vodacom officially unveiled its new change in branding from blue to red, using the same style as its parent company, Vodafone. Vodacom provides coverage to Mount Kilimanjaro, which was the highest point in the world to be covered by GSM, until Axiata (through its subsidiary Ncell) provided coverage at the top of Mount Everest, the highest point in the world. Vodacom was aided by its optimistic advertisements at the early stages of the democratic South Africa, including the yebo gogo campaign which is still in effect today in Africa. Vodacom is the leading cellular network in South Africa with a market share of over 40% and more than 45 million users. The company has an estimated market share of 58% and more than 103 million customers across Africa. Technology Vodacom South Africa provides 3G, 4G, and UMTS networks in South Africa, and also offers HSPA+ (21.1 Mbit/s), HSUPA (42 Mbit/s, 2100 MHz), Wi-Fi, WiMAX, and LTE services. Vodacom was the first cellular provider to introduce LTE in South Africa. On 21 October 2015, Vodacom launched its fibre product to the home user. On 7 April 2017, Vodacom's 4G+ network in Brooklyn Mall, Pretoria achieved 240 Mbit/s in a speed test. In early 2020 Vodacom also became the second network operator in Africa to launch a live 5G network, initially available in Johannesburg, Pretoria and Cape Town. Sports sponsorships Vodacom is a sponsor of many South African sports. In provincial rugby union, they are the sponsors of the Pretoria-based Vodacom Blue Bulls and own the naming rights to the union's home stadium, Loftus Versfeld. As part of their rugby union sponsorship portfolio, Vodacom has been the title sponsor of the Super Rugby tournament in South Africa since 1996. In football, they sponsor two clubs in the Premier Soccer League: the Kaizer Chiefs and Orlando Pirates. They also sponsor the South African Football Association and the national teams Bafana Bafana (men), Amajita (under 20s), and previously Banyana Banyana (women). However, competitor MTN was one of the sponsors of the 2010 FIFA World Cup held in South Africa. Past sponsorships include the national r
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC%20%28computer%20virus%29	ABC, discovered in October 1992, is a memory-resident, file-infecting computer virus which infects EXE files and may alter both COM and EXE files. ABC activates on the 13th day of every month. Upon infection, ABC becomes memory-resident at the top of system memory but below the 640K DOS boundary and hooks interrupts 16 and 1C. The copy of command.com pointed to by the COMSPEC environment variable may also be altered. ABC infects/alters COM and EXE files as they are executed. After infection, total system memory, as measured by the DOS CHKDSK program, will not be altered, but available free memory will have decreased by approximately 8,960 bytes. Altered, but not infected, COM or EXE files will have 4 to 30 bytes added to their length. Infected EXE files (COM files are never infected) have a file length increase of 2,952 to 2,972 bytes, and ABC is located at the end of the infected EXE. An altered/infected file's date and time in the DOS disk directory listing may have been updated to the current system date and time when the file was altered/infected. No text strings are visible within the viral code in infected EXE files, but the following text strings are encrypted within the initial copy of the ABC virus: ABC_FFEA Minsk 8.01.92 ABC ABC causes keystrokes on the compromised machine to be repeated. It seems double-letter combinations trigger this behavior, e.g. "book" becomes "". System hangs may also occur when some programs are executed, a likely side effect of ABC-induced corruption. The ABC virus is not to be confused with the ABC keylogger trojan, written in 2004 by Jan ten Hove. External links Computer Viruses (A), by Probert Encyclopedia Symantec Security Response - ABC, by Symantec References DOS file viruses
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WSJP-LD	WSJP-LD (channel 30) is a dual Cozi TV, and Fox-affiliated television station licensed to Aguadilla, Puerto Rico. The station is owned by California-based Caribbean Broadcasting Network. Before the launch of The CW, WSJP was a dual affiliate of UPN and The WB. Prior to the station's flash cut to digital, The CW and LATV were WSJP's sole affiliations. Since the switch, sister stations WPRU-LP has gone silent, along with its call-sign deleted from the Federal Communications Commission website. Digital television Digital channels The station's digital signal is multiplexed: At some point on March 20, 2015, WSJP-LD removed its simulcast of WORA-DT2/ABC 5 from 18.1 and moved its third subchannel to 18.1 from 18.3 to replace it. On September 1, 2016, it was announced that WSJP-LD would lose its CW affiliation, and broadcasts Cozi TV full-time on channel 18.1. On September 24, 2019, WSJP-LD swapped their channel positions from channel 18.1 to channel 30.1. References External links COZI TV Puerto Rico FoxTVPuertoRico.com Caribbean Broadcasting Network Aguadilla, Puerto Rico Cozi TV affiliates Fox network affiliates Comet (TV network) affiliates This TV affiliates Low-power television stations in Puerto Rico SJP-LD Television channels and stations established in 2005 2005 establishments in Puerto Rico
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koronis%20Rift	Koronis Rift is a 1985 computer game from Lucasfilm Games. It was produced and designed by Noah Falstein. Originally developed for the Atari 8-bit family and the Commodore 64, Koronis Rift was ported to the Amstrad CPC, Apple II, MSX2, Tandy Color Computer 3, and ZX Spectrum. The Atari and C64 version shipped on a flippy disk, with one version of the game on each side. A cassette version was also released for the Commodore 64. The Atari version required computers with the GTIA chip installed in order to display properly. Koronis Rift was one of two games in Lucasfilm Games' second wave (December 1985). The other was The Eidolon. Both enhanced the fractal technology developed for Rescue on Fractalus!. In Koronis Rift, the Atari 8-bit family's additional colors (over those of the Commodore 64) allowed the programmers to gradually fade in the background rather than it suddenly popping in as in Rescue, an early example of depth cueing in a computer game. Gameplay The player controls a surface rover vehicle to enter several "rifts" on an alien planet which are effectively fractal mazes. A lost civilisation known as the Ancients has left strange machinery, so-called "hulks", within these rifts which are guarded by armed flying saucers of different design and color. Depending on their respective color, shields and gunshots of both the rover and the saucers are of varying effectiveness against each other; part of the game is figuring out which shield and weapon modules work best where. By means of a drone robot, the rover can retrieve modules with various functions (which are not immediately obvious) from nearby hulks. It can only be deployed when all attacking Guardian Saucers have been destroyed. The modules can then be installed in the rover, analyzed aboard the player's space ship, or sold; the rover can carry up to six different modules at a time which can be activated and de-activated as the player sees fit. A large variety of modules is available: Different weapon and shield modules with varying power levels and color codes, modules that increase the rover's power output, a mapper (activating an extra screen on the rover), and even one module that turns the retrieval probe into a bomb, destroying any hulks the probe is sent to investigate instead of retrieving modules. Conversely, different types of hulks exist including one that simply "swallows" the probe without yielding a module, requiring the player to purchase a new probe (and possibly sell useful modules to raise the required funds). The goal of the game is to find and destroy the saucer control base hulk which is located in the 20th rift. To this end, the player must explore the rifts, find hulks, retrieve and analyze modules and understand the color-coding of weapons and shields to overcome the increasingly aggressive and dangerous saucers. The game can be solved in several ways; the quickest is to acquire the bomb module and send the probe into the saucer base with the bomb modu
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary%20combinatory%20logic	Binary combinatory logic (BCL) is a computer programming language that uses binary terms 0 and 1 to create a complete formulation of combinatory logic using only the symbols 0 and 1. Using the S and K combinators, complex boolean algebra functions can be made. BCL has applications in the theory of program-size complexity (Kolmogorov complexity). Definition S-K Basis Utilizing K and S combinators of the Combinatory logic, logical functions can be represented in as functions of combinators: Syntax Backus–Naur form: <term> ::= 00 \| 01 \| 1 <term> <term> Semantics The denotational semantics of BCL may be specified as follows: [ 00 ] == K [ 01 ] == S [ 1 <term1> <term2> ] == ( [<term1>] [<term2>] ) where "[...]" abbreviates "the meaning of ...". Here K and S are the KS-basis combinators, and ( ) is the application operation, of combinatory logic. (The prefix 1 corresponds to a left parenthesis, right parentheses being unnecessary for disambiguation.) Thus there are four equivalent formulations of BCL, depending on the manner of encoding the triplet (K, S, left parenthesis). These are (00, 01, 1) (as in the present version), (01, 00, 1), (10, 11, 0), and (11, 10, 0). The operational semantics of BCL, apart from eta-reduction (which is not required for Turing completeness), may be very compactly specified by the following rewriting rules for subterms of a given term, parsing from the left: 1100xy → x 11101xyz → 11xz1yz where x, y, and z are arbitrary subterms. (Note, for example, that because parsing is from the left, 10000 is not a subterm of 11010000.) BCL can be used to replicate algorithms like Turing machines and Cellular automata, BCL is Turing complete. See also Iota and Jot References Further reading External links John's Lambda Calculus and Combinatory Logic Playground A minimal implementation in C Algorithmic information theory Combinatory logic
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calle%2013%20%28TV%20channel%29	Calle 13 is a Spanish pay television channel. Owned by Universal Studios Networks Spain, Calle 13 promotes itself as a channel of suspense and action. Calle 13 (13th Street) was launched in 1999 and its schedule is made of TV series and movies of action, suspense, terror, mystery and science fiction, both Spanish and international, classic and modern. With the birth of sister channel Sci Fi Channel in June 2006, most of the science-fiction series Calle 13 used to show were moved to the new channel. Programming Alfred Hitchcock Presents Andromeda * Blood Ties Brimstone Castle Chicago P.D. Chuck Columbo Departure El Comisario Grimm Hercules: The Legendary Journeys * Homicide: Life on the Street Hudson & Rex Jericho Law & Order Law & Order: Criminal Intent Law & Order: Los Angeles Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Law & Order: Organized Crime Law & Order: Trial by Jury Law & Order True Crime MacGyver Magnum P.I. Monk Murder, She Wrote Mutant X Nip/Tuck Numb3rs Person of Interest Policías, en el corazón de la calle Profiler Psi Factor: Chronicles of the Paranormal Psych Quantum Leap Rizzoli & Isles Rookie Blue seaQuest DSV * Serial Experiments Lain Star Trek: Enterprise * Starhunter The 4400 The Closer The Dead Zone * The Event The Equalizer The Listener Third Watch Xena: Warrior Princess * Witchblade * * Now on SYFY Universal Sister channels Syfy Universal (also known as Syfy, formerly Sci Fi Channel) is a Spanish pay television channel that was launched on 1 June 2006 and specialises in science fiction, fantasy, and horror shows and movies. Other versions This channel is also available in: 13ème Rue is the French version, was launched in November 13, 1997 13th Street is the German version 13th Street Universal (Benelux) is the version for the Benelux References External links Television stations in Spain Television channels and stations established in 1999 1999 establishments in Spain pt:Rua 13
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlnovelas	Tlnovelas (stylized as tlnovelas) is a Spanish-language pay television network that broadcasts Mexican telenovelas produced by TelevisaUnivision, the owner of the channel. Tlnovelas is distributed around the world via two feeds: Tlnovelas America and Tlnovelas Europa. From 2003 to 2005 Tlnovelas broadcast Mexican films from the Golden Age during the weekends due to complaints about re-running episodes of their telenovelas shown during the week. Some of the films shown pertained to the drama genre. On 16 February 2019 the channel renewed its programming to offer original content including Ellas con las novelas, Las 5 Mejores, and Confesiones con Aurora Valle. Availability Tlnovelas is available in Mexico and the rest of Latin America (except Brazil, Cuba, and Puerto Rico), Australia, Canada, and parts of Europe. Televisa broadcasts telenovelas dubbed in Brazilian Portuguese on , available in Angola and Mozambique. TLN Network was also available in Brazil until February 2013. TLNovelas América TLNovelas América available in Mexico and other parts of Latin America. TLNovelas Europa TLNovelas Europa is broadcast by Europa, in countries like Spain, and in Oceania in countries like Australia and New Zealand. TLN Network Channel that broadcasts programming in Portuguese. It has coverage in countries such as Angola and Mozambique and also operates in Brazil through online TV Guigo. TLNovelas Univision Released March 1, 2012, owned by the Univision Communications group in partnership with Televisa. The channel has coverage in the United States and Puerto Rico. TLNovelas África Launched on September 14, 2020, it broadcasts English programming to the African continent through operators DStv, GOtv, Zuku TV, StarSat and StarTimes. Programming Current original programming Las 5 Mejores (February 16, 2019 – present) Confesiones con Aurora Valle (February 16, 2019 – present) Ellas con las novelas (February 16, 2019 – present) Tlminutos (February 16, 2019 – present) El cielo y el infierno (October 26, 2019) Former original programming Intrusos (July 9, 2018 – June 14, 2019) See also Univision tlnovelas References External links Television networks in Mexico Televisa pay television networks Classic television networks
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilic%20vein	The basilic vein is a large superficial vein of the upper limb that helps drain parts of the hand and forearm. It originates on the medial (ulnar) side of the dorsal venous network of the hand and travels up the base of the forearm, where its course is generally visible through the skin as it travels in the subcutaneous fat and fascia lying superficial to the muscles. The basilic vein terminates by uniting with the brachial veins to form the axillary vein. Anatomy Course As it ascends the medial side of the biceps in the arm proper (between the elbow and shoulder), the basilic vein normally perforates the brachial fascia (deep fascia) superior to the medial epicondyle, or even as high as mid-arm. Tributaries and anastomoses Near the region anterior to the cubital fossa (in the bend of the elbow joint), the basilic vein usually communicates with the cephalic vein (the other large superficial vein of the upper extremity) via the median cubital vein. The layout of superficial veins in the forearm is highly variable from person to person, and there is a profuse network of unnamed superficial veins that the basilic vein communicates with. Around the inferior border of the teres major muscle and just proximal to the basilic vein's termination, the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral veins drain into it. Clinical significance Venipuncture Along with other superficial veins in the forearm, the basilic vein is an acceptable site for venipuncture. Nevertheless, IV nurses sometimes refer to the basilic vein as the "virgin vein", since with the arm typically supinated during phlebotomy the basilic vein below the elbow becomes awkward to access, and is therefore infrequently used. Venous grafts Vascular surgeons sometimes utilize the basilic vein to create an AV (arteriovenous) fistula or AV graft for hemodialysis access in patients with kidney failure. Additional images See also Cephalic vein Median cubital vein External links Illustration References Anatomy Veins of the upper limb Human surface anatomy Cardiovascular system Circulatory system
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt%20Kunitz	Matt Kunitz (born November 5, 1968) is an American television executive producer known for his work on reality television programming. In July 2008, the Los Angeles Times dubbed Kunitz "The King of Reality TV." Biography Kunitz was supervising producer of The Real World, one of the first reality television shows to gain a national audience, and was executive producer of NBC's Fear Factor. The Wall Street Journal called Fear Factor "one of the biggest hits on TV -- and an important cash cow for NBC." Kunitz spent six years in an overall production deal with NBC Universal Studios. While at his career with NBC, Kunitz also was the executive producer of Dog Eat Dog and Late Friday and served as a consultant on Lost and Treasure Hunters. In March 2006, Kunitz left NBC Universal and began a new two year overall deal with, reality powerhouse, Endemol USA, producers of Fear Factor, Deal or No Deal, Extreme Makeover: Home Edition, and Big Brother. Kunitz's first assignment at Endemol was to adapt and executive produce Endemol's U.S. version of the singing competition "Operacion Triunfo" for ABC, retitled The One: Making a Music Star. In 2008, Kunitz was the executive producer of Celebrity Circus for NBC. Kunitz executive produced Wipeout, a stunt based competition he created for ABC. Wipeout became the highest rated new summer series of 2008. The Wipeout format has been sold to more than 37 territories and Endemol has created an obstacle course in Argentina for those international editions. The second season of Wipeout premiered on May 27, 2009. It topped the 8 o'clock demos — So You Think You Can Dance included. With an audience of 9.69 million, Wipeout bested its Season 1 average and gave ABC its best numbers in the Wednesday-at-8 slot since November 2007. Kunitz explained to The New York Times that Wipeout “turned out to be a real family show,” and that has led to its success. Wipeout began its sixth season in May 2013. On March 29, 2014, the series won the 2014 Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Reality Show for the third year in a row. On August 10, 2014, the series won the 2014 Teen Choice Award for Choice Summer TV Series. On March 26, 2010, Variety announced a new two-year deal between Endemol USA and Kunitz. On June 10, 2010, Variety announced that Kunitz will executive produce a new series for ABC, "101 Ways to Leave a Gameshow" On August 15, 2010, Wipeout was renewed for a fourth season. In March 2011, ABC announced a summer pick up of "101 Ways to Leave a Game Show" In June 2011, NBC announced the return of Fear Factor. NBC ordered 10 hours of the series to return in the fall. After six years at NBC Universal and six at Endemol, It was announced on March 20, 2012, that Kunitz would join FremantleMedia North America in a multi-year overall deal with the company behind Fox's American Idol and The X Factor and NBC's America's Got Talent to develop and produce new unscripted shows. On December 2, 2014, it was announced that Ku

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