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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backup%20software
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Backup software are computer programs used to perform a backup; they create supplementary exact copies of files, databases or entire computers. These programs may later use the supplementary copies to restore the original contents in the event of data loss; hence, they are very useful to users.
Key features
There are several features of backup software that make it more effective in backing up data.
Volumes
Voluming allows the ability to compress and split backup data into separate parts for storage on smaller, removable media such as CDs. It was often used because CDs were easy to transport off-site and inexpensive compared to hard drives or servers.
However, the recent increase in hard drive capacity and decrease in drive cost has made voluming a far less popular solution. The introduction of small, portable, durable USB drives, and the increase in broadband capacity has provided easier and more secure methods of transporting backup data off-site.
Data compression
Since hard drive space has cost, compressing the data will reduce the size allowing for less drive space to be used to save money.
Access to open files
Many backup solutions offer a plug-in for access to exclusive, in use, and locked files.
Differential and incremental backups
Backup solutions generally support differential backups and incremental backups in addition to full backups, so only material that is newer or changed compared to the backed up data is actually backed up. The effect of these is to increase significantly the speed of the backup process over slow networks while decreasing space requirements.
Schedules
Backup schedules are usually supported to reduce maintenance of the backup tool and increase the reliability of the backups.
Encryption
To prevent data theft, some backup software offers cryptography features to protect the backup.
Transaction mechanism
To prevent loss of previously backed up data during a backup, some backup software (e.g., Areca Backup, Argentum Backup) offer
Transaction mechanism (with commit/rollback management) for all critical processes (such as backups or merges) to guarantee the backups' integrity.
See also
Backup
Cloud storage
List of backup software
References
Utility software types
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stencil%20buffer
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A stencil buffer is an extra data buffer, in addition to the color buffer and Z-buffer, found on modern graphics hardware. The buffer is per pixel and works on integer values, usually with a depth of one byte per pixel. The Z-buffer and stencil buffer often share the same area in the RAM of the graphics hardware.
In the simplest case, the stencil buffer is used to limit the area of rendering (stenciling). More advanced usage of the stencil buffer makes use of the strong connection between the Z-buffer and the stencil buffer in the rendering pipeline. For example, stencil values can be automatically increased/decreased for every pixel that fails or passes the depth test.
The simple combination of depth test and stencil modifiers make a vast number of effects possible (such as stencil shadow volumes, Two-Sided Stencil, compositing, decaling, dissolves, fades, swipes, silhouettes, outline drawing, or highlighting of intersections between complex primitives) though they often require several rendering passes and, therefore, can put a heavy load on the graphics hardware.
The most typical application is still to add shadows to 3D applications. It is also used for planar reflections.
Other rendering techniques, such as portal rendering, use the stencil buffer in other ways; for example, it can be used to find the area of the screen obscured by a portal and re-render those pixels correctly.
The stencil buffer and its modifiers can be accessed in computer graphics by using APIs like OpenGL, Direct3D, or Vulkan.
Architecture
The stencil buffer typically shares the same memory space as the Z-buffer, and typically the ratio is 24 bits for Z-buffer + 8 bits for stencil buffer or, in the past, 15 bits for Z-buffer + 1 bit for stencil buffer. Another variant is 4 + 24, where 28 of the 32 bits are used and 4 ignored. Stencil and Z-buffers are part of the frame buffer, coupled to the color buffer. The first chip available to a wider market was 3Dlabs' Permedia II, which supported a one-bit stencil buffer.
The bits allocated to the stencil buffer can be used to represent numerical values in the range [0, 2n-1], and also as a Boolean matrix (n is the number of allocated bits), each of which may be used to control the particular part of the scene. Any combination of these two ways of using the available memory is also possible.
Stencil test
Stencil test or stenciling is among the operations on the pixels/fragments (Per-pixel operations), located after the alpha test, and before the depth test. The stencil test ensures undesired pixels do not reach the depth test. This saves processing time for the scene. Similarly, the alpha test can prevent corresponding pixels to reach the stencil test.
The test itself is carried out over the stencil buffer to some value in it, or altered or used it, and carried out through the so-called stencil function and stencil operations. The stencil function is a function by which the stencil value of a certain pixel is compare
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extra%20Challenge
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Extra Challenge formerly Extra, Extra is a Philippine television news magazine and reality competition show broadcast by GMA Network. Originally hosted by Karen Davila and Paolo Bediones, it premiered on February 15, 1999 on the network's evening line up as a lifestyle show titled as Extra, Extra. In 2003, it was retitled as Extra Challenge and became a reality show. The show concluded on January 20, 2013.
Overview
On February 15, 1999, Extra Extra premiered as a news magazine show with Paolo Bediones and Karen Davila serving as hosts. Miriam Quiambao replaced Davila as a co-host when she left the show in 2000.
In 2003, it was reformatted as a reality competition show and renamed as Extra Challenge. The show featured celebrities pitted against each other in several challenges. It is patterned after American reality shows such as Survivor, The Amazing Race, America's Next Top Model, Fear Factor, The Simple Life, The Bachelor and The Real Housewives. After Quiambao left in January 2004, Mariel Rodriguez, Phoemela Baranda and Ethel Booba became hosts. In 2006, the show was renamed to Extra Challenge Milyonaryo. Extra Challenge Milyonaryo concluded on May 26, 2006.
In 2012, the show returned as Extra Challenge Extreme with Richard Gutierrez, Marian Rivera and Boobay serving as hosts.
Hosts
Karen Davila
Paolo Bediones
Miriam Quiambao
Phoemela Baranda
Ethel Booba
Mariel Rodriguez
Richard Gutierrez
Marian Rivera
Boobay
Ratings
According to AGB Nielsen Philippines' Mega Manila household television ratings, the season premiere of Extra Challenge Extreme on October 27, 2012 earned a 24.6% rating.
Accolades
References
External links
1999 Philippine television series debuts
2013 Philippine television series endings
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network original programming
GMA Integrated News and Public Affairs shows
Philippine reality television series
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video%20Smash%20Hits
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Video Smash Hits was an Australian music television show which was broadcast on the Seven Network in the early- to mid-1990s. It is not to be confused with Video Hits, Network Ten's long running music video show which aired opposite Video Smash Hits on Saturday mornings. Both shows shared the same format.
Hosts
Video Smash Hits featured four hosts during the run of the series: Michael Horrocks, Home and Away's Emily Symons, Toni Pearen, and A Country Practice's Kym Wilson (who replaced Symons after she left the show "in disgust").
Merchandise
The popularity of the program also saw two compilation CDs released and a variety of 'Video Magazines' from 1991 to 1993 in association with the popular music magazine Smash Hits.
See also
List of Australian music television shows
External links
Video Smash Hits at the National Film and Sound Archive
Seven Network original programming
Australian music television series
1990 Australian television series debuts
1994 Australian television series endings
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KDTX-TV
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KDTX-TV, virtual channel 58 (UHF digital channel 21), is a Trinity Broadcasting Network (TBN) owned-and-operated television station licensed to Dallas, Texas, United States, and serving the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. The station's studios are located at TBN's International Production Center in Irving, and its transmitter is located in Cedar Hill, Texas.
History
The UHF channel 58 allocation in the Dallas–Fort Worth market was initially applied for broadcasting use by the Metroplex Broadcasting Company (owned by Adam Clayton Powell III (son of civil rights activist and congressman Adam Clayton Powell Jr.) and former KDFW (channel 4) anchor/reporter Barbara Harrison) for a television station under the call letters KDIA (a Spanish translation for the word "day"). The station was founded on January 15, 1985, however it is not known if it ever signed on.
KDTX-TV first signed on the air on February 9, 1987 (the call letters had previously been used by a radio station on 102.9 FM, now KDMX); it was built and signed on by the Trinity Broadcasting Network. In recent years, KDTX has been considered TBN's second-most important television station (after its flagship station, KTBN-TV in Santa Ana, California), particularly as the Dallas–Fort Worth market has a large religious base. TBN has since moved several of its operations, including some production facilities, to the Metroplex.
Subchannels
References
External links
Television channels and stations established in 1987
1987 establishments in Texas
Trinity Broadcasting Network affiliates
Television stations in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZX%20Interface%202
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The ZX Interface 2 is a peripheral from Sinclair Research for its ZX Spectrum home computer released in September 1983. It has two joystick ports and a ROM cartridge slot, which offers instant loading times. The joystick ports are not compatible with the popular Kempston interface, and thus do not work with most Spectrum games released prior to the launch of the ZX Interface 2. In addition, the pass-through expansion bus provided was stripped, only allowing a ZX Printer to be attached.
Released titles
Availability of cartridge software is very limited. The cost was almost twice as much as the same game on a cassette tape. The majority of Spectrums sold were 48 KiB RAM models so software publishers were producing games much larger than the 16 KiB cartridge capacity.
Only ten games were commercially released:
Jetpac
PSSST
Cookie
Tranz Am
Chess
Backgammon
Hungry Horace
Horace and the Spiders
Planetoids
Space Raiders
Paul Farrow has demonstrated that it is possible to produce custom ROM cartridges, including the ability to exceed the 16 KiB design limitation of the ROM cartridges.
Joystick ports
The interface two comes with two joystick ports that (unlike the Kempston which used the IN31 command) are mapped to actual key presses. Player 1 is mapped to – and player 2 is mapped to –. This initially seemed at odds with Sinclair's own keyboard layout, given that the keyboard itself has the cursor keys mapped to – with typically being used by games as a fire button. Joystick interfaces that mapped to the cursor keys are available, but like the popular Kempston interface they are limited to supporting a single joystick only. It is the twin joystick feature of the ZX Interface 2 that turned out to be its major selling point.
See also
ZX Interface 1 — a peripheral with ports for ZX Microdrives, RS-232 serial units, and ZX Net cables (for connection to a ZX Net local area network)
External links
Detailed information on Interface 2
List of ROM cartridges available for Interface 2
Information at Planet Sinclair
Hardware feature from Sinclair User — December 1983
Notes
Home computer peripherals
ZX Spectrum
Computer-related introductions in 1983
de:Sinclair ZX Spectrum#ZX Interface 2
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AS2
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AS2 (Applicability Statement 2) is a specification on how to transport structured business-to-business data securely and reliably over the Internet. Security is achieved by using digital certificates and encryption.
Background
AS2 was created in 2002 by the IETF to replace AS1, which they created in the early 1990s.
The adoption of AS2 grew rapidly throughout the early 2000s because major players in the retail and fast-moving consumer goods industries championed AS2. Walmart was the first major retailer to require its suppliers to use the AS2 protocol instead of relying on dial-up modems for ordering goods. Amazon, Target, Lowe's, Bed, Bath, & Beyond and thousands of others followed suit. Many other industries use the AS2 protocol, including healthcare, as AS2 meets legal HIPAA requirements.
In some cases, AS2 is a way to bypass expensive value-added networks previously used for data interchange.
Technical overview
AS2 is specified in RFC 4130, and is based on HTTP and S/MIME. It was the second AS protocol developed and uses the same signing, encryption and MDN (as defined by RFC3798) conventions used in the original AS1 protocol introduced in the late 1990s by IETF . In other words:
Files are encoded as "attachments" in a standardized S/MIME message (an AS2 message). AS2 does not specify the contents of the files. Usually, the file contents are in a standardized format that is separately agreed upon, such as XML or EDIFACT.
AS2 messages are always sent using the HTTP or HTTPS protocol (Secure Sockets Layer — also known as SSL — is implied by HTTPS) and usually use the "POST" method (use of "GET" is rare).
Messages can be signed, but do not have to be.
Messages can be encrypted, but do not have to be.
Messages may request a Message Disposition Notification (MDN) back if all went well, but do not have to request such a message.
If the original AS2 message requested an MDN:
Upon the receipt of the message and its successful decryption or signature validation (as necessary) a "success" MDN will be sent back to the original sender. This MDN is typically signed but never encrypted (unless temporarily encrypted in transit via HTTPS).
Upon the receipt and successful verification of the signature on the MDN, the original sender will "know" that the recipient got their message (this provides the "Non-repudiation" element of AS2).
If there are any problems receiving or interpreting the original AS2 message, a "failed" MDN may be sent back. However, part of the AS2 protocol states that the client must treat a lack of an MDN as a failure as well, so some AS2 receivers will not return an MDN in this case.
Like any other AS file transfer, AS2 file transfers typically require both sides of the exchange to trade X.509 certificates and specific "trading partner" names before any transfers can take place. AS2 trading partner names can usually be any valid phrase.
MDN options
Unlike AS1 or AS3 file transfers, AS2 file transfers offer several "MD
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paek%20Se-yun
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Paek Se-yun, sometimes written Paek Se-yoon, is the president of North Korea's Korea Computer Company. He has served in that capacity since 2000. In the same year, he was awarded the Order of Kim Il-sung. Paek has also been an alternate member of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea since 1988. He was a delegate to the ninth Supreme People's Assembly, 1990–1998.
Works
See also
Politics of North Korea
References
Yonhap News Agency. "Who's who, North Korea," pp. 787–812 in
Members of the Supreme People's Assembly
Living people
Workers' Party of Korea politicians
Recipients of the Order of Kim Il Sung
Year of birth missing (living people)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forensic%20Investigators
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Forensic Investigators: Australia's True Crimes is an Australian television show hosted by Lisa McCune which aired on the Seven Network. It aired for three seasons from 2004 to 2006.
Focusing on actual Australian crimes, each episode unfolds the drama minute-by-minute showing viewers the tireless work of detectives, and the scientific procedures required to solve these mysteries.
The series includes exclusive footage that has never been seen outside the courtroom, including police videos, crime scene stills and other forensic evidence. The 1st and 2nd seasons have been released on DVD.
The third season featured a new time slot – Wednesday at 8:30 pm.
Season 1 (2004)
Episode 1
Paul Denyer, 21, was responsible for the deaths of three young women (Elizabeth Stevens, 18, Debbie Fream, 22, and Natalie Russell, 17) in the suburb of Frankston, during 1993. The police had the odds stacked against them and would need to call on all their investigative and forensic skills to solve this crime.
Episode 2
A routine run on a quiet weekday morning leads to a gruesome discovery, throwing investigators into one of Australia's most bizarre murders.
Episode 3
Four bodies were found shot in a house in an outer suburb of Canberra. Inside the house was evidence that would not only lead investigators to the killer, but would uncover a secret buried for three years.
Episode 4
Neddy Smith had been given a life sentence when he confessed to the killing of Harvey Jones to his cell mate, giving a detailed account of how he killed him and where. In March 1995 a skull was found at Botany Beach.
Episode 5
A mother and her two children were found in their house brutally bashed to death. Was it a robbery gone wrong, or something far more sinister?
Episode 6
In April 1999, Maya Jakic's body was found covered under leaves and hidden in bushes out the front of an unused police patrol station in Adelaide, South Australia. Two years later, Japanese student Megumi Suzuki had gone missing and when police discovered her schoolbooks abandoned near a rail over-bridge they knew she had met with foul play.
Season 2 (2005)
Episode 1
In December 1994, Andrew Astbury's body was found floating in Melbourne's Yarra River. He was a hard working, reliable 25-year-old man from a good family. So why was he murdered? Look at the brilliant detective and forensic science work that helped solve this chilling murder.
Episode 2
Queensland Cat Protection Society president Kathleen Marshall is found brutally stabbed to death. In a case involving rumours, cat-fights and fortune telling, the detectives rely on forensics and five tiny spots of blood to separate fact from fiction and point them towards the killer.
Episode 3
A young woman's body is found wrapped in plastic. Unidentified for several months, she became known as Jane Doe. Who was she and who wanted her dead?
Episode 4
The body of 22-year-old Tasmanian Amanda Carter was found alongside the Derwent River. It took 13 years and a revolution in fo
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Node%20B
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Node B is the telecommunications node for mobile communication networks, namely those that adhere to the UMTS standard. The Node B provides the connection between mobile phones (UEs) and the wider telephone network. UMTS is the dominating 3G standard.
Node B corresponds to BTS (base transceiver station) in GSM.
Functionality
This is the hardware that is connected to the mobile phone network that communicates directly with mobile handsets. In contrast with GSM base stations, Node B uses WCDMA/TD-SCDMA as the air interface technology. As in all cellular systems, such as UMTS and GSM, the Node B contains radio frequency transmitter(s) and the receiver(s) used to communicate directly with mobile devices, which move freely around it. In this type of cellular network, the mobile devices cannot communicate directly with each other but have to communicate with the NodeB.
Traditionally, the Node Bs have minimum functionality, and are controlled by an RNC (Radio Network Controller). However, this is changing with the emergence of High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), where some logic (e.g., retransmission) is handled on the Node B for lower response times.
Differences between a Node B and a GSM base station
Frequency use
The utilization of WCDMA technology allows cells belonging to the same or different Node Bs and even controlled by different RNC to overlap and still use the same frequency (in fact, the whole network can be implemented with just one frequency pair). The effect is utilized in soft handovers.
Power requirements
Since WCDMA often operates at higher frequencies than GSM (2,100 MHz as opposed to 900 MHz for GSM), the cell radius can be considerably smaller for WCDMA than for GSM cells as the path loss is frequency dependent. WCDMA now has networks operating in the 850–900 MHz band. In these networks, at these frequencies, the coverage of WCDMA is considered better than that of the equivalent GSM network.
Unlike in GSM, the cells' size is not constant (a phenomenon known as "cell breathing"). This requires a larger number of Node Bs and careful planning in 3G (UMTS) networks. Power requirements on Node Bs and user equipment (UE) are much lower.
It is connected to RNC of UMTS network through IUB interface.
Node B setup
A full cell site has a cabinet, an antenna mast and actual antenna. An equipment cabinet contains e.g. RF power amplifiers, digital signal processors and backup batteries. What you can see by the side of a road or in a city center is just an antenna. However, the tendency nowadays is to camouflage the antenna (paint it the color of the building or put it into an RF-transparent enclosure). Smaller indoor nodes may have an antenna built into the cabinet door.
A Node B can serve several cells, also called sectors, depending on the configuration and type of antenna. Common configuration include omni cell (360°), 3 sectors (3×120°) or 6 sectors (60 degree each, not a very popular deployment).
See also
ENode B
NBAP
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DPDCH
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DPDCH, Dedicated Physical Data CHannel, is a term from UMTS. This is the physical channel on radio interface (Uu) on which payload (e.g. IP data, voice) as well as higher layer signalling (RRC and Non Access Stratum [NAS] signalling) is transmitted both, on the uplink by the (user equipment) UE to the Node B (the base transceiver station) and on the downlink, by the Node B to the UE.
Over a radio link, there can exist more than one DPDCH. The spreading factor for this vary between 256 to 4, hence the no. of bits per radio frame vary from 150 bits to 9600 bits respectively. The uplink scrambling code assigned to the DPDCH is used to identify the connection at the Node B receiver. 3GPP TS 25.213 specifies that if more than a single DPDCH is configured then all DPDCH must use a spreading factor of 4 and that a maximum of 6 DPDCH can be configured.
UMTS
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PageStream
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PageStream (originally Publishing Partner) is a desktop publishing software package by Grasshopper LLC (United States) currently available for a variety of operating systems including Windows, Linux, and macOS. The software was originally released under the name Publishing Partner for the Atari ST in 1986 by Soft-Logic Publishing Corporation.
Publishing Partner 1.5 was released for the Atari ST and Commodore Amiga platform in 1989. Version 1.8 followed in 1990 with an improved user interface and manual. Publishing Partner Professional 2.0, renamed to PageStream 2.0, was released for the Amiga in 1990 and Atari ST in 1991. This version added support for PostScript fonts and for the Amiga, AGFA Compugraphic Intellifont support.
PageStream 2.2 for Amiga and Atari ST was released in 1992 with support for the HotLinks Editions publish-subscribe system which was bundled with the PageLiner text editor and BME bitmap image editor.
PageStream 3.0 for Amiga was released in 1994. The application was entirely rewritten with a new user interface and many new features including colour separations, table of contents, index, nested chapters, Bézier curves, horizontal and vertical multi-page spreads, drop caps, hanging punctuation, Pantone colors, auto-kerning, auto-hyphenation, and ARexx scripting support.
In 1996 PageStream 3.1 and 3.2 were released for Amiga and a pre-release of PageStream was made available for Macintosh System 7. Various extensions were released for PageStream including TextFX (vector text warp), Borders (vector borders for rectangles), and Gary's Effects (image processing filters).
PageStream 3.3 was released for Amiga and Macintosh in 1997 with new fly-out tools for shapes, grids, and notes, as well as RTF export, a character panel, and improved chapter support. The Macintosh version included support for AppleScript.
PageStream 4.0 was released in 1999 with added support for Windows and Linux support was added in 2004. According to the official website, the latest version is PageStream 5.1.2, released September 5, 2022.
References
External links
1986 software
Atari ST software
Desktop publishing software
Raster to vector conversion software
Classic Mac OS software
Amiga software
MorphOS software
Software that uses GTK
Proprietary commercial software for Linux
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien%20Racers
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Alien Racers is a computer-animated science-fiction action series originally aired on Fox's FoxBox in May 2005. It formerly aired in Canada on Teletoon.
Plot
Xenoc, the heart of the universe, holds the valuable energy source known as Xeno-energy. It has the power to create or destroy. For eons, this cosmic energy gathered and destroyed civilizations until the wisest and oldest species , Zenterrans, managed to land containment chambers on the planet surface, which they built with the help of Fyran mechanics. Fearing that every race would be warring over the contained energy, the Zenterran Master Khadan issued a contest. Each alien civilization would choose a champion to race for this great power, and whoever controls the most Xeno-energy will decide the fate of the universe. Since the Zenterrans maintain their neutrality, even the Kragnans were welcome to compete. The Kragnan Empire, a race of fierce crablike creatures who travel in spaceships made of lava and land vehicles made of bones (which they built using knowledge they obtained from the Fyran brains they consumed), have enslaved or eaten half of the universe. They seek more energy for their new generation of eggs. The protagonist, Ultrox, knows there is more to Xeno-energy than even the Zenterrans know. While studying a planet damaged by Xeno-energy, he notices a Kragnan ship crash-land nearby. He saves its imprisoned occupant, a Fyran boy named Jek, from a squad of Klaw Troopers. Just before he was vaporized by another Kragnan ship, the gangster named Seadrok dropped his space anchor on the ship, thus saving his life. After persuading him by also dropping the N'tal champion G'rog, Ultrox joins the races as Alpheron's champion.
On the planet Krag, the Kragnans, knowing that they can't steal the Xeno-energy or eat the Zenterran brains (when the Kragnan Warlord Zanth ate Undermaster Akhil's father's brain, the power proved so overwhelming that his body exploded), entered one of their warlords, Gnarl, into the races. The Zenterrans created an enforcer from Xeno-energy named Gamekeeper Kytani to enforce the strict set of rules they imposed on the races. During the first race, Jek followed Kommander Necraal, the Kragnan Klaw Trooper who had kidnapped his uncle, until he kidnaps the young Fyran and tells him they ate his uncle's brain. In an attempt to fix the race, Skrash, the lone zombie native to Xenoc, detonated a mountain in the hopes of taking the other racers with it.
After the first race, the Kragnan commander attempts to steal the Command Matrix. But when Ultrox and Khadan warned Necraal of the trap Undermaster Akhil set that would unleash Xeno-energy on the entire Kragan Empire, Undermaster Akhil mind-controlled the Kragnan into springing it. The resulting trap sent destructive streams of Xeno-energy to every Kragnan like Necraal, except Gnarl, who was shielded at the time. Master Khadan explained that the Xeno-energy only wiped out the Kragnans identical to the commander, so becau
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20Network%20for%20Training%20and%20Research%20in%20Electrical%20Engineering
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Exchange programs for Electrical Engineering students between 18 universities in Europe. It is also known as Entree. Their members are:
Chalmers Lindholmen University College (Sweden)
University of Aalborg (Denmark)
Heriot-Watt University (United Kingdom)
Brunel University (United Kingdom)
Delft University of Technology (Netherlands)
Université libre de Bruxelles (Belgium)
Technische Universität Dresden (Germany)
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Germany)
École Supérieure d'Ingénieurs en Électronique et Électrotechnique Paris (France)
École Supérieure d'Ingénieurs en Électronique et Électrotechnique Amiens (France)
École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (Switzerland)
Brno University of Technology (Czech Republic)
National Technical University of Athens (Greece)
Politecnico di Milano (Italy)
Pontifical Comillas University of Madrid (Spain)
University of Valladolid (Spain)
Institut Méditerranéen de Technologie (France)
Politecnico di Torino (Italy)
References
College and university associations and consortia in Europe
Electrical engineering organizations
Engineering university associations and consortia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACOA
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ACOA or Acoa may refer to:
Acoa, a historic country house in Habersham County, Georgia, United States
Adult Children of Alcoholics, an American organization
Ant colony optimization algorithms, probabilistic techniques for solving computational problems that can be reduced to finding good paths through graphs
Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency, the Canadian federal government agency responsible for helping to develop economic capacity in the Atlantic Provinces
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal%20of%20the%20ACM
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The Journal of the ACM is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering computer science in general, especially theoretical aspects. It is an official journal of the Association for Computing Machinery. Its current editor-in-chief is Venkatesan Guruswami.
The journal was established in 1954 and "computer scientists universally hold the Journal of the ACM in high esteem".
See also
Communications of the ACM
References
External links
Academic journals established in 1954
Computer science journals
Association for Computing Machinery academic journals
Bimonthly journals
English-language journals
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequent%20%28disambiguation%29
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A sequent is a formalized statement of provability used within sequent calculus.
Sequent may also refer to:
Sequent (MUD), text-based online game software
Sequent Computer Systems, a defunct computer hardware company
Sequent calculus
See also
Sequence (disambiguation)
Sequential
Sequentional
Sequention
Sequentor
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis%20Hill%20%28Pacifica%20Radio%29
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Lewis Hill (May 1, 1919 – August 1, 1957) was a co-founder of KPFA, the first listener-supported radio station in the United States, and the Pacifica Radio network.
He was born in Kansas City, Kansas, on May 1, 1919. His father was an attorney who made his fortune by brokering a deal to sell an oil company to J.P. Morgan. His mother's brother was Frank Phillips, builder of Phillips Petroleum. Lewis was sent to Wentworth Military Academy in Lexington, Missouri, because he was too bright for the public school. According to his widow, he "despised" his time at military school, but he completed his first two years of college there and also was the Missouri State doubles tennis champion. He then transferred to Stanford University.
While studying at Stanford in 1937, his interest in Quakerism led him to a belief in pacifism. As a conscientious objector, Hill served in Civilian Public Service during World War II. In 1945, Hill resigned from his job as a Washington, D.C., correspondent and moved to Berkeley, California.
In 1949 he established KPFA. To support the station financially, he founded the Pacifica Foundation. He served as Pacifica's head until his suicide (during a period of failing health from spinal arthritis) in 1957.
References
External links
PACIFICA FOUNDATION VINDICATED ON LABOR ISSUES AT KPFA
The Lengthening Shadow: Lewis Hill and the Origins of Listener-Sponsored Radio in America
MY KPFA: A Historical Footnote John Whiting documents Pacifica Radio's early years, with almost a hundred hours of programs and interviews.
1919 births
1957 deaths
People from Kansas City, Kansas
Wentworth Military Academy and College alumni
Stanford University alumni
American conscientious objectors
American radio company founders
Pacifica Foundation people
Suicides in California
American radio executives
Members of the Civilian Public Service
20th-century American businesspeople
1957 suicides
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miracle%20on%20Evergreen%20Terrace
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"Miracle on Evergreen Terrace" is the tenth episode of the ninth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on December 21, 1997. Bart accidentally ruins Christmas for the Simpson family by burning down the tree and all their presents.
It was written by Ron Hauge, directed by Bob Anderson, and guest starred Alex Trebek as himself. Hauge was inspired to write the episode after learning of an orphanage that had been ripped off. The episode was included, among other Christmas themed episodes of the series, on a 2005 Christmas special boxed set on DVD.
Plot
Homer and Marge go Christmas shopping at a Try-N-Save megastore, where frenzied shoppers are snatching the holiday season's most popular toys. Homer, posing as a store cashier, buys toys that customers tried to buy from him.
At bedtime on Christmas Eve, the family makes last-minute preparations at home, Marge tells everyone that no one can open their presents until 7 AM the next morning and confiscates all of the alarm clocks. However, Bart drinks 12 glasses of water to wake up early and unwrap his gifts, one of which is a remote-controlled fire truck. He plays with it until it sprays water on an overloaded electrical socket, causing a fire that engulfs and melts the plastic Christmas tree and all of the presents beneath it. Bart hides the evidence beneath the snow in the front yard.
When the family comes downstairs to find the tree and presents gone, Bart makes up a story about how he caught a burglar taking off with their tree and presents. The police investigate and Kent Brockman does a human interest story on the case.
As a result of the report, everyone in Springfield gives them a new Christmas tree and $15,000. With the donations, Homer buys a new car. Driving it home, Homer gets stuck behind The Plow King and impatiently passes it. He drives the car onto a frozen lake, forcing everyone to jump out. The ice cracks, causing the car to sink and blow up.
The next morning, a guilt-ridden Bart admits the truth to his family. Though furious, they go along with the lie when Brockman and his news crew arrive to do a follow-up story. When a cameraman, with help from Santa's Little Helper, finds the tree's remains, the family is forced to explain the truth; Springfield's citizens, feeling scammed, shun them in public and mail them angry letters demanding they pay back the $15,000.
After a failed attempt by Marge to win the money as a contestant on Jeopardy!, the Simpsons arrive home to find everyone in Springfield and Alex Trebek gathered on their lawn and Marge thinks they have forgiven them. However, while that is the case, they steal all of their belongings, including Santa's Little Helper and Snowball II, to cover the debt owed to the town. The family playfully fight over a tattered washcloth, the only thing they have left.
Production
Writer Ron Hauge said he got the idea for the episode one day when he was h
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden%20Balls
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Golden Balls is a British daytime game show that was presented by Jasper Carrott. It was broadcast on the ITV network from 18 June 2007 to 18 December 2009.
Gameplay
Round 1
At the back of the studio is the "Golden Bank," a giant contraption like a lottery machine. Inside are 100 golden balls, containing cash values that range from £10 to £75,000. Twelve of these balls are randomly drawn from the Golden Bank and put into a mixer, and four "Killer" balls are added by Amanda Grant, referred to by Carrott as the "Balls' Assistant" or "Killer Queen." These 16 balls are split equally and randomly among four contestants, each of whom places two balls on their own front and back row holders without looking inside. As Carrott introduces the contestants, they open their front-row balls for all to see.
Following the introductions, the contestants each secretly look at their own back-row balls and announce the contents; they may either tell the truth or lie as they see fit. They then discuss who they think is lying and try to establish who has the worst set of balls, in terms of the lowest total value and/or the most Killer balls. Each contestant secretly casts one vote as to whom they want to remove from the game. The contestant who receives the most votes is eliminated with no winnings. In the event of a two-way tie, the contestants not involved in it must discuss further and try to reach a consensus. If they do, the chosen contestant is eliminated; if not, each tied contestant is given one more ball at random, dispensed from the mixer. One is a Killer, the other is empty, and the person who receives the Killer is out of the game. If every contestant receives one vote, all four continue their discussion; the first three to reach an agreement on who should be eliminated advance to the next round.
All four contestants reveal their back-row balls, and the eliminated contestant must then "bin" their balls, dropping them down a chute and removing them permanently from play.
Round 2
The remaining balls from the three surviving contestants are closed and put into the mixer. Two more cash balls are drawn from the Golden Bank, and one more Killer is added to give a total of 15 balls in play. Each contestant receives five balls, placing two on their front row and three on their back, and play proceeds as in Round 1.
Bin or Win?
The two remaining contestants' balls are again closed and put back into the mixer, and one more Killer ball is added to give a total of 11 balls in play. The balls are mixed and placed on a table, with the contestants seated at opposite ends. Starting with the contestant who brought more money into this round, each first chooses one ball to "bin" (eliminate) and then one to "win" (place in the jackpot). Each ball is opened as it is chosen. If a cash ball is chosen to win, its value is added to the potential jackpot; if a Killer is chosen, the jackpot is immediately divided by 10. Any "win" Killers that are found before the first "win"
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WCTX
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WCTX (channel 59) is a television station licensed to New Haven, Connecticut, United States, serving the Hartford–New Haven market as an affiliate of MyNetworkTV. It is owned by Nexstar Media Group alongside ABC affiliate WTNH (channel 8), also licensed to New Haven. Both stations share studios on Elm Street in downtown New Haven; per a channel sharing agreement, the stations transmit using WTNH's spectrum from a tower in Hamden, Connecticut.
History
As early as 1953, a construction permit for the analog UHF channel 59 allotment was issued by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and was originally owned by the Connecticut Radio Foundation. However, the group was never able to get the station on-the-air and sold the permit to Impart Systems in 1967. In 1971, the then-owner of NBC affiliate WHNB-TV (channel 30, now WVIT) in New Britain built a low-power translator on UHF channel 59 in New Haven (W59AA licensed to West Haven). Although WHNB had boosted its power to cover New Haven a few months earlier, some areas in Southern Connecticut still could not get a good signal from the station.
On April 3, 1995, the station finally began broadcasting as a WB affiliate with the callsign WTVU under a local marketing agreement (LMA) with LIN TV, owner of WTNH. Before WTVU's sign on, The WB's programming had been shown on WTNH following its late newscast on Saturday nights (The WB only offered two hours a week of programming at that point); viewers living in Southwestern Connecticut were able to view the network's programs in-pattern via New York City-based superstation WPIX.
Under the terms of the LMA, WTNH bought WTVU's entire broadcast day, giving the station a lineup of strong syndicated programs, mostly barter shows and second runs from WTNH. It also ran classic sitcoms and drama shows such as Hawaii Five-O, Perry Mason, M*A*S*H, I Love Lucy, Happy Days, The Honeymooners, The Andy Griffith Show, The Beverly Hillbillies, I Dream of Jeannie, Bewitched and Gilligan's Island among others that were removed from the schedules of WTXX (channel 20, now WCCT-TV) and WTWS (channel 26, now Ion Television affiliate WHPX-TV) some years back. It also picked up the over-the-air rights to Hartford Whalers hockey games, which aired on the station until the team became the Carolina Hurricanes in 1997.
On April 1, 1996, the station changed its call letters to WBNE (for "WB New England"). After Tribune Broadcasting (a minority owner of The WB) purchased then-UPN affiliate WTXX, WBNE and that station swapped network affiliations on January 1, 2001. With the new network relationship came the current WCTX calls and use of the on-air identity "The X". That identity was used in lieu of the conventional "UPN (channel number)" branding. LIN TV purchased WCTX outright in 2002. On September 19, 2005, WCTX became known as "UPN 9" (the same branding as fellow New York affiliate WWOR-TV), highlighting its cable channel position in some areas.
On January 24, 2006, CBS Corpora
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WinMerge
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WinMerge is a free software tool for data comparison and merging of text-like files. It is useful for determining what has changed between versions, and then merging changes between versions.
WinMerge runs on Microsoft Windows.
Features
Visual differencing and merging of text files
Flexible editor with syntax highlighting, line numbers, and word-wrap
Handles DOS, Unix, and Mac text file formats
Unicode support (as of version 2.8.0, UTF-8 files are correctly read without a BOM)
Difference pane shows current difference in two vertical panes
Location pane shows map of files compared
Highlights differences inside lines in file compare
Can also generate HTML report with differences highlighted
Regular expression-based file filters in directory compare allow excluding and including items
Moved lines detection in file compare
Ability to ignore whitespace and letter case changes
Creates patch files
Shell integration (supports 64-bit Windows versions)
Rudimentary Visual SourceSafe and Rational ClearCase integration
Archive file support using 7-Zip
Plug-ins
Language localization via plain-text PO files
Online manual and installed HTML help manual
Generates normal, context, and unified patches.
Codebases and forks
For a planned development of version 3.x no commits have been made to the 3.0 codebase since 2011.
In 2011 a fork of the 2.x codebase titled "WinMerge 2011" was created. This new branch has continued to see active feature and bug fix development. It has also removed ATL/MFC dependencies so that WinMerge can be built using the free Visual C++ Express editions.
See also
Comparison of file comparison tools
References
External links
Compare and merge files and folders with WinMerge Lifehacker
WinMerge Portable
Sdottaka's WinMerge on BitBucket and on GitHub (a fork with additional features and Japanese language support) (gone)
WinMerge 2011 on BitBucket and on GitHub (a fork with additional features) (gone)
File comparison tools
Free file comparison tools
Free software programmed in C++
Windows-only free software
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Getaddrinfo
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In C programming, the functions getaddrinfo() and getnameinfo() convert domain names, hostnames, and IP addresses between human-readable text representations and structured binary formats for the operating system's networking API. Both functions are contained in the POSIX standard application programming interface (API).
getaddrinfo and getnameinfo are inverse functions of each other. They are network protocol agnostic, and support both IPv4 and IPv6. It is the recommended interface for name resolution in building protocol independent applications and for transitioning legacy IPv4 code to the IPv6 Internet.
Internally, the functions may use a variety of resolution methods not limited to the Domain Name System (DNS). The Name Service Switch is commonly used on Unix-like systems and affects most implementation of this pair as it did with their BSD-socket era predecessors.
struct addrinfo
The C data structure used to represent addresses and hostnames within the networking API is the following:
struct addrinfo {
int ai_flags;
int ai_family;
int ai_socktype;
int ai_protocol;
socklen_t ai_addrlen;
struct sockaddr* ai_addr;
char* ai_canonname; /* canonical name */
struct addrinfo* ai_next; /* this struct can form a linked list */
};
In some older systems the type of ai_addrlen is size_t instead of socklen_t. Most socket functions, such as accept() and getpeername(), require the parameter to have type socklen_t * and programmers often pass the address to the ai_addrlen element of the addrinfo structure. If the types are incompatible, e.g., on a 64-bit Solaris 9 system where size_t is 8 bytes and socklen_t is 4 bytes, then run-time errors may result.
The structure contains structures ai_family and sockaddr with its own sa_family field. These are set to the same value when the structure is created with function getaddrinfo in some implementations.
getaddrinfo()
getaddrinfo() converts human-readable text strings representing hostnames or IP addresses into a dynamically allocated linked list of struct addrinfo structures.
The function prototype for this function is specified as follows:
int getaddrinfo(const char* hostname,
const char* service,
const struct addrinfo* hints,
struct addrinfo** res);
hostname
can be either a domain name, such as "example.com", an address string, such as "127.0.0.1", or NULL, in which case the address 0.0.0.0 or 127.0.0.1 is assigned depending on the hints flags.
service
can be a port number passed as string, such as "80", or a service name, e.g. "echo". In the latter case a typical implementation uses getservbyname() to query the file /etc/services to resolve the service to a port number.
hints
can be either NULL or an addrinfo structure with the type of service requested.
res
is a pointer that points to a new addrinfo structure with the information requested after successful completion of the
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleng%20Teng
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Sleng Teng is the name given to one of the first fully computerized riddims, influential in Jamaican music and beyond. The riddim, which was the result of work by Noel Davey, Ian "Wayne" Smith, and Lloyd "King Jammy" James, was first released with Wayne's vocals under the title "Under Mi Sleng Teng" in early 1985.
Composition
In mid-1984 Jamaican musician George "Buddy" Haye went on tour to the United States with the Wailing Souls. Before he left Jamaica, Buddy had promised a young musician named Noel Davey that he would buy a synthesizer while in the United States and bring it back to him. Wailing frontman Rudolph "Garth" Dennis had recommended Davey as an up-and-coming talent to foster. Although Davey was expecting a programmable synthesizer (he had been promised a Yamaha DX7) Garth delivered a consumer-grade Casiotone MT-40 keyboard. This keyboard only held recordings of sound, triggered by user input, rather than waveform generators whose outputs can be extensively modified, as on more expensive keyboards like the DX7 (the 1984 retail price of the DX7 was $1,995, almost fourteen times the cost of the MT-40).
Undeterred, Davey and fellow musician Wayne Smith played with the keyboard for several weeks. One day Davey accidentally triggered the "rock" bassline preset, which he heard for a few seconds before the keyboard setting was changed and the rhythm ceased playing. He and Wayne spent most of the next week trying combination after combination of the Casio's settings until Davey re-discovered the "rock" bass preset. The preset is accessed by pressing the "synchro" button and then the "D" bass button (second from left) while the MT-40 rhythm selector slider is in the "rock" position. It cannot be triggered after the rhythm function has been started.
Davey and Wayne Smith arranged the first version of the Sleng Teng riddim, which was considerably faster than the final release. Smith then rehearsed a toast over the riddim, with lyrics inspired by Barrington Levy's "Under Mi Sensi", a hit in '83. Davey and Smith brought the riddim and toast to noted producer and dub mixer King Jammy in December of 1984. Jammy slowed the riddim down, matched it to Smith's singing key and placed piano and clap tracks over it.
While Jammy recalled knowing immediately that he had helped create something special once he listened to the final mix, he also said he was still completely unprepared for the response to Sleng Teng's first public performance. The song was unleashed as part of a now-legendary sound clash between Jammy's own sound system and the Black Scorpio at Waltham Park Road on February 23, 1985. Jammy won the clash by acclamation, with the audience demanding "Under Me Sleng Teng" be played over and over. According to Jammy, the opposing sound, Black Scorpio, had to "lock off the sound" because no one wanted to hear Scorpio anymore.
Jammy formally released this version a week later as a single on his own label. Jammy also recorded a number of other
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houman%20Younessi
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Houman Younessi (28 May 1963 – 23 March 2016) was an Kurdish-American educator, practitioner, consultant and investigator in informatics, large scale software development processes, computer science, decision science, molecular biology and functional genomics. He was a research professor at University of Connecticut, and was previously the head of faculty and professor at Hartford Graduate Campus of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Hartford, Connecticut and prior to that, a member of the faculty at Swinburne University of Technology in Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia where he attained tenure in 1997.
Younessi was recognized for his work in the fields of defect management, software and system development processes and was an authority in object-oriented computing. Examples of his work include the OPEN and the SBM methodologies and, more recently, recombinant programming.
A multi-disciplinarian, Younessi was also trained in molecular biology, genomics and bioinformatics. His primary interest was in systems and functional biology, particularly work that pertains to disease and development. He also holds a master's degree in management, specializing in realistic alternative frameworks in economics and finance.
Younessi died on 23 March 2016, due to complications arising from small cell lung cancer. Younessi had survived four bouts of cancer since an initial diagnosis of malignant chordoma in 2009.
References
1963 births
Alborz High School alumni
People from South Windsor, Connecticut
American socialists
American people of Iranian descent
American people of Kurdish descent
2016 deaths
American scientists
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Symbolic%20Analysis%20of%20Relay%20and%20Switching%20Circuits
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"A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits" is the title of a master's thesis written by computer science pioneer Claude E. Shannon while attending the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1937. In his thesis, Shannon, a dual degree graduate of the University of Michigan, proved that Boolean algebra could be used to simplify the arrangement of the relays that were the building blocks of the electromechanical automatic telephone exchanges of the day. Shannon went on to prove that it should also be possible to use arrangements of relays to solve Boolean algebra problems.
The utilization of the binary properties of electrical switches to perform logic functions is the basic concept that underlies all electronic digital computer designs. Shannon's thesis became the foundation of practical digital circuit design when it became widely known among the electrical engineering community during and after World War II. At the time, the methods employed to design logic circuits (for example, contemporary Konrad Zuse's Z1) were ad hoc in nature and lacked the theoretical discipline that Shannon's paper supplied to later projects.
Psychologist Howard Gardner described Shannon's thesis as "possibly the most important, and also the most famous, master's thesis of the century". A version of the paper was published in the 1938 issue of the Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, and in 1940, it earned Shannon the Alfred Noble American Institute of American Engineers Award.
References
External links
Full text at MIT
Computer science papers
Information theory
Applied mathematics
1937 in science
1937 documents
Claude Shannon
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FERET%20database
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The Facial Recognition Technology (FERET) database is a dataset used for facial recognition system evaluation as part of the Face Recognition Technology (FERET) program. It was first established in 1993 under a collaborative effort between Harry Wechsler at George Mason University and Jonathan Phillips at the Army Research Laboratory in Adelphi, Maryland. The FERET database serves as a standard database of facial images for researchers to use to develop various algorithms and report results. The use of a common database also allowed one to compare the effectiveness of different approaches in methodology and gauge their strengths and weaknesses.
The facial images for the database were collected between December 1993 and August 1996, accumulating a total of 14,126 images pertaining to 1199 individuals along with 365 duplicate sets of images that were taken on a different day. In 2003, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) released a high-resolution, 24-bit color version of these images. The dataset tested includes 2,413 still facial images, representing 856 individuals. The FERET database has been used by more than 460 research groups and is managed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
References
External links
Official website about the gray-scale version
Official website about the color version
More official information
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, VOL. 22, NO. 10, October 2000
More documents about FERET
Biometric databases
Datasets in computer vision
Facial recognition
Scientific databases
Test items
Machine learning task
Automatic identification and data capture
Surveillance
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon%20Agnew
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Gordon B. Agnew is a Canadian engineering professor at the University of Waterloo. Agnew's primary research interests are in the fields of encryption and data security.
Education
Agnew earned his degree in electrical engineering from the University of Waterloo in 1978 and a Ph.D. in 1982.
Career
After earning his PhD, Agnew joined the electrical and computer engineering department of University of Waterloo. Agnew also co-founded Certicom, which was later acquired by BlackBerry Limited. Agnew joined Peer Ledger as Co-CEO in 2019.
Agnew is a Foundation Fellow of the Institute of Combinatorics and its Applications and is a Fellow of the Canadian Academy of Engineering.
See also
List of University of Waterloo people
References
External links
Faculty information
Canadian computer scientists
University of Waterloo alumni
Academic staff of the University of Waterloo
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Fellows of the Canadian Academy of Engineering
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadro
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Quadro was Nvidia's brand for graphics cards intended for use in workstations running professional computer-aided design (CAD), computer-generated imagery (CGI), digital content creation (DCC) applications, scientific calculations and machine learning from 2000 to 2020.
Quadro-branded graphics cards differed from the mainstream GeForce lines in that the Quadro cards included the use of ECC memory and enhanced floating point precision. These are desirable properties when the cards are used for calculations which require greater reliability and precision compared to graphics rendering for video games.
Nvidia has moved away from the Quadro branding for new products, starting with the launch of the Ampere architecture-based RTX A6000 on October 5, 2020. To indicate the upgrade to the Nvidia Ampere architecture for their graphics cards technology, Nvidia RTX is the product line being produced and developed moving forward for use in professional workstations.
The Nvidia Quadro product line directly competed with AMD's Radeon Pro (formerly FirePro/FireGL) line of professional workstation cards.
History
The Quadro line of GPU cards emerged in an effort towards market segmentation by Nvidia. In introducing Quadro, Nvidia was able to charge a premium for essentially the same graphics hardware in professional markets, and direct resources to properly serve the needs of those markets. To differentiate their offerings, Nvidia used driver software and firmware to selectively enable features vital to segments of the workstation market, such as high-performance anti-aliased lines and two-sided lighting, in the Quadro product. These features were of little value to the gamers that Nvidia's products already sold to, but their lack prevented high-end customers from using the less expensive products. The Quadro line also received improved support through a certified driver program.
There are parallels between the market segmentation used to sell the Quadro line of products to workstation (DCC) markets and the Tesla line of products to engineering and HPC markets.
In a settlement of a patent infringement lawsuit between SGI and Nvidia, SGI acquired rights to speed-binned Nvidia graphics chips which they shipped under the VPro product label. These designs were completely separate from the SGI Odyssey based VPro products initially sold on their IRIX workstations which used a completely different bus. SGI's Nvidia-based VPro line included the VPro V3 (Geforce 256), VPro VR3 (Quadro), VPro V7 (Quadro2 MXR), and VPro VR7 (Quadro2 Pro).
Quadro SDI
Actual extra cards only for Quadro 4000 cards and higher:
SDI Capture:
SDI Output:
Quadro Plex
Quadro Plex consists of a line of external servers for rendering videos. A Quadro Plex contains multiple Quadro FX video cards. A client computer connects to Quadro Plex (using PCI Express ×8 or ×16 interface card with interconnect cable) to initiate rendering.
Quadro SLI and Sync
Scalable Link Interface, or SLI, has been
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20E.%20Potter
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David Edwin Potter (born 1943) is the founder and chairman of the microcomputer systems company Psion PLC., and Psion Teklogix after Psion's acquisition of Teklogix in the year 2000.
Early life
Potter was born in East London, South Africa, in 1943 and brought up in Cape Town. In 1963 he took up a Beit scholarship to read natural sciences at Trinity College, Cambridge. In 1966 he was awarded a Commonwealth Scholarship to study for a doctorate in mathematical physics at Imperial College London, where he was subsequently appointed to the staff. As an academic during the 1970s, he taught at the University of London and at the University of California, consulted and wrote a number of academic papers and a book on the use of computers in physics.
Career at Psion
Potter founded Psion in 1980. In its early years, Psion became a leader in software for home microcomputers. In 1984, Psion invented 'The Organizer', the world's first volume hand-held computer for personal use and information.
In 1988, Potter led Psion's flotation on the London Stock Exchange, which saw Psion's scale and value multiply many times. The company expanded further into data communications and mobile corporate solutions. In 1998, using Psion's experience in small mobile operating systems, Potter led the creation of Symbian Limited in partnership with Nokia, Ericsson, Motorola and Matsushita to create the operating system standard for mobile wireless devices – now known as Symbian.
In 1999, Potter stood down as chief executive of the company and assumed the role of chairman. He retired as chairman in September 2009.
Other activities
Potter has been a member of the London Regional Council of the CBI, a board member of the London First Centre and co-chairman of the London Manufacturing Group. From 1999 to 2003 he was a member of The Council for Science and Technology reporting to the Cabinet.
Potter served on the 1997 National Committee of Inquiry into Higher Education (The Dearing Committee), and continued his involvement in higher education policy as a board member of the Higher Education Funding Council for England. He has also had extensive involvement with educational establishments as a Visiting Fellow of Nuffield College, Oxford, Honorary Fellow of Imperial College, London, and Honorary Fellow and Governor of the London Business School.
In 1993, Potter received the Mountbatten Medal from the Institution of Electrical Engineers and has received Honorary Doctorate Degrees from a number of universities including Warwick, Sheffield, Edinburgh and York.
He has written and lectured widely on technology and the new economy, including the Stockton Lecture at London Business School in 1998, one of the Millennium Lectures at 10 Downing Street in 1999, and the Tacitus Lecture, 2000 at the Guildhall.
He is also a former donor to the Labour Party.
In September 2017, he was appointed Honorary Chairman of Planet Computers, a crowd-funded start-up producing the Gemini (PDA), a
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danny%20Lui
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Danny Lui (; 7 January 1957 – 1 July 2012) was a Hong Kong entrepreneur and venture capitalist. He graduated from Imperial College, London with a degree in Computer Science before returning to Hong Kong and winning the Hong Kong Young Industrialist Award in 1992. He is best-known for co-founding Lenovo. He maintained working relationships with governments in China and Hong Kong. He also had a network of venture capital connections on both sides of the Pacific.
Life
Lui was born in January 1957 in Hong Kong to a relatively poor working-class family and for the duration of his early life, he began to develop an interest and passion for computers.
In the late 1970s he graduated from Imperial College, London with a Bachelor's Degree in Computer Science. Following his graduation, he worked for a London-based firm building software applications for other companies. In 1982, Denny returned to Hong Kong and started his first business, Daw Computer Systems, Ltd. Seven years later, he teamed up with China Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Computing and co-founded the legend group, known as Lenovo in Hong Kong, which in December 2004 acquired the PC Division of IBM for $1.7 billion.
In 1994, he led Legend through a successful IPO on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and the company today is currently the largest PC manufacturer in China.
Three years later, Lui founded APTG Ventures, his first venture fund focusing on high-tech investments in Silicon Valley and China. The fund has since been received with relative success, having identified star companies with strong exit records and profitable returns through IPOs as well as mergers and acquisitions.
In 2000. Lui established his second fund, Authosis which focused on both IT and semiconductor industry and invested mainly in early-stage software and fabless IC design companies targeting the internet, e-commerce, wireless and mobile solutions, consumer electronics, computing and communication markets.
Five years later in 2005, Lui co-founded a new venture fund, Startup Capital Ventures, with John Dean, former Chairman and CEO of Silicon Valley Bank, and several other partners. The fund emphasizes on investing early-stage companies in Silicon Valley and China.
References
External links
Danny Lui - Startup Capital Ventures
Hong Kong businesspeople
1957 births
2012 deaths
Alumni of the Department of Computing, Imperial College London
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFT%20%28disambiguation%29
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NFT may refer to a non-fungible token, a unit of data on a digital ledger called a blockchain.
NFT may also refer to:
Nft (software), a command in the nftables subsystem of the Linux kernel
NFT Ventures, Inc., a family trust established by U.S. computer businessman Ray Noorda
National Film Theatre (now BFI Southbank), a leading repertory theatre in London
Neurofibrillary tangle, aggregates of hyperphosphorylated tau protein
Not for Tourists, a series of guides to major cities
Nutrient film technique, a hydroponic technique
NFT, a timezone for the Norfolk Island external territory of Australia
See also
NTFS, a file system developed by Microsoft
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharp%20X1
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The , sometimes called the Sharp X1 or CZ-800C, is a series of home computers released by Sharp Corporation from 1982 to 1988. It is based on a Zilog Z80 CPU.
The RGB display monitor for the X1 had a television tuner, and a computer screen could be superimposed on TV. All the TV functions could be controlled from a computer program. The character font was completely programmable (PCG) with 4-bit color, and was effectively used in many games. The entirety of the VRAM memory was mapped on to the I/O area, so it was controlled without bank switching. These features made the X1 very powerful for game software.
Development
Despite the fact that the Computer Division of Sharp Corporation had released the MZ series, suddenly the Television Division released a new computer series called the X1. At the time the original X1 was released, all other home computers generally had a BASIC language in ROM. However the X1 did not have a BASIC ROM, and it had to load the Hu-BASIC interpreter from a cassette tape. On the plus side however, this concept meant that a free RAM area was available that was as big as possible when not using BASIC. This policy was originally copied from the Sharp MZ series, and they were called clean computers in Japan. The cabinet shape of X1 was also much more stylish than others at that time and a range of cabinet colors (including Red) was selectable.
Sharp never released an MSX computer in Japan. Some X1 developers were proud to develop their own technology, and they didn't want to work with Microsoft who attempted to create a unified standard. However, the Brazilian subsidiary of Sharp, Epcom, released an MSX computer named Hotbit HB-8000 in Brazil.
History
While X1 was struggling to sell, the PC8801 (from NEC) was quickly becoming popular in the Japanese market. In 1984, Sharp released the X1 turbo series with high-resolution graphics (640x400, while X1 had 640x200). It had many improvements, but the clock speed was still only 4 MHz. In 1986, Sharp released the X1 turbo Z series with a 4096 color analog RGB monitor. An X1 twin, which had a PC-Engine in the cabinet, was released as the last machine of the X1 series in 1987. The X1 series was succeeded by the X68000.
In the late 2000s, Sharp sold desktop PC/TV combos in Japan through its Internet Aquos line, where an X1-style red color scheme was available.
References
X1
Z80-based home computers
Home video game consoles
Computer-related introductions in 1982
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20network
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Quantum networks form an important element of quantum computing and quantum communication systems. Quantum networks facilitate the transmission of information in the form of quantum bits, also called qubits, between physically separated quantum processors. A quantum processor is a small quantum computer being able to perform quantum logic gates on a certain number of qubits. Quantum networks work in a similar way to classical networks. The main difference is that quantum networking, like quantum computing, is better at solving certain problems, such as modeling quantum systems.
Basics
Quantum networks for computation
Networked quantum computing or distributed quantum computing works by linking multiple quantum processors through a quantum network by sending qubits in-between them. Doing this creates a quantum computing cluster and therefore creates more computing potential. Less powerful computers can be linked in this way to create one more powerful processor. This is analogous to connecting several classical computers to form a computer cluster in classical computing. Like classical computing, this system is scalable by adding more and more quantum computers to the network. Currently quantum processors are only separated by short distances.
Quantum networks for communication
In the realm of quantum communication, one wants to send qubits from one quantum processor to another over long distances. This way, local quantum networks can be intra connected into a quantum internet. A quantum internet supports many applications, which derive their power from the fact that by creating quantum entangled qubits, information can be transmitted between the remote quantum processors. Most applications of a quantum internet require only very modest quantum processors. For most quantum internet protocols, such as quantum key distribution in quantum cryptography, it is sufficient if these processors are capable of preparing and measuring only a single qubit at a time. This is in contrast to quantum computing where interesting applications can only be realized if the (combined) quantum processors can easily simulate more qubits than a classical computer (around 60). Quantum internet applications require only small quantum processors, often just a single qubit, because quantum entanglement can already be realized between just two qubits. A simulation of an entangled quantum system on a classical computer cannot simultaneously provide the same security and speed.
Overview of the elements of a quantum network
The basic structure of a quantum network and more generally a quantum internet is analogous to a classical network. First, we have end nodes on which applications are ultimately run. These end nodes are quantum processors of at least one qubit. Some applications of a quantum internet require quantum processors of several qubits as well as a quantum memory at the end nodes.
Second, to transport qubits from one node to another, we need communication lin
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Computer%20Science%20School
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The National Computer Science School (NCSS) is an annual computer science summer school open to high school students in Australia and New Zealand. It has taken place annually since 1996 over an eleven-day period in the January school holidays. Attending students participate in an intensive course in computer programming with Python, culminating in the development of a final project. The School also incorporates a number of social activities, competitions and outings.
Participants usually reside in The Women's College at the University of Sydney during the school. In 2020, the University of Melbourne hosted an additional node on their campus.
In 2023, NCSS will no longer operate at the University of Sydney, instead running concurrently at the University of Melbourne and at UNSW Sydney.
Eligibility
Each year, NCSS is open to all students in Australia and New Zealand entering their penultimate or final year of high school, but also considers applications from particularly gifted students from previous years. NCSS does not assume that participants have previous programming or web design experience, and is designed to suit a wide range of abilities and experience. Some students who have participated in the program are invited back the following year and are known internally as "returners".
2012 saw the first student from the Northern Territory.
2015 saw the first student siblings.
Project
Students attending NCSS are split into two streams: the 'web' stream and the 'embedded' steam. The web stream studies Python and other web technologies, while the embedded stream experiment with the BBC micro:bit, flashed with MicroPython firmware.
Each stream usually contains 4 groups, who each work on a final project under the guidance of a mentor or a tutor. Groups in the web stream develop a projects such as a website, app, or chatbot, while groups in the embedded stream design a robotics project.
History
The National Computer Science School has been offered since 1996, albeit in various formats. Prior to 2010, the main NCSS project required (re)designing the web site and building a search engine for a charitable organisation. In the past, these have included:
2009: Youth Insearch
2008: Youth Off The Streets
2007: Hands of Help
2006: Conservation Volunteers Australia
2005: Stewart House
In 2010, the project was changed to no longer actively involve charities.
In 2020, the University of Melbourne hosted an additional node on their campus. However, this was cancelled in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Instead, in 2021, the event was only held in Sydney with fewer participants than usual.
In 2022, for the first time since its inception, the NCSS did not run due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
In 2023, for the first time since its inception, the NCSS will not run at the University of Sydney, instead relocating to the University of New South Wales.
Social activities
The summer school includes a number of games and activities to entertain students, wh
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa%20Liberal%20Network
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The Africa Liberal Network (ALN; ) is an organization composed of 47 political parties from 29 countries in Africa. It is an associated organisation of Liberal International, the political family to which liberal democratic parties belong. The ALN serves to promote liberal objectives and principles throughout the continent.
Parties involved in the ALN agree to a policy stating that they: exist to ensure the freedom and dignity of all people through; establishing political and civil rights, ensuring basic freedoms, the rule of law, democratic government based on free and fair elections with peaceful transition, ensuring religious, gender, and minority rights, fighting corruption, and establishing free market economies.
Development
The network developed from what was originally the Organisation of African Liberal Parties and was established during an initial meeting of parties in Mombasa, Kenya, in July 2001. It was formally launched at a subsequent meeting in Johannesburg, South Africa, in June 2003. This meeting adopted the Johannesburg Declaration, committing the parties to core liberal democratic principles. The network is now run from the Democratic Alliance headquarters in Cape Town, South Africa. The Westminster Foundation for Democracy primarily supports the ALN, and since its inception it has maintained a mutually beneficial relationship with other partners. To ensure sustainability the ALN is seeking to diversity and broaden its support and partnership base to include other institutions.
Objectives
The Africa Liberal Network's objectives are:
Facilitate the development and growth of Liberal Democratic parties.
Encourage solidarity among member parties with the aim of assisting them to achieve power through democratic means.
Establish an alliance of like-minded Liberal Democratic parties in Africa for sharing information and experiences.
Projects and activities
The ALN's projects focus on: coordination and leadership meetings; election/campaign support; policy development; party organisation and development; political education, civic awareness, voter education and registration; joint policy positions; training seminars, workshops; gender and youth mainstreaming; information and Skills exchange through visits, website, bulletin, publications, research.
Members
Organization of African Liberal Youth-Liberals Energizing African Democracy OALY-LEAD
Botswana Movement for Democracy BMD
Alliance for Democracy and Federation-African Democratic Rally ADF-RDA
Union for Progress and Reform UPC
ADR
Alliance Nationale pour les Comores ANC
National Alliance of Democrats for Reconstruction ANADER
ARC
PNR
Peuple au Service de la Nation PSN
Union pour la Majorité Républicain UMR
Republic of Congo
Union des Démocrates Humanistes UDH-Yuki
Ethiopian Democratic Party EDP
Ghana
Liberal Party of Ghana LPG
Progressive People's Party PPP
Parti de l'Unité et du Libéralisme Social PULS
Rassemblement pour la République RPR (application under rev
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Xiaolin%20Showdown%20episodes
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Xiaolin Showdown is an American animated television series created by Christy Hui for Kids' WB, a programming block on The WB that aired on Saturday mornings and weekday afternoons. Premiering on November 1, 2003, the series ran for three seasons until its series finale aired on May 13, 2006, in the United States. The episodes are listed in order of their production number with the date that they originally aired on Kids' WB.
Series overview
Episodes
Season 1 (2003–04)
Season 2 (2004–05)
Episodes #257–664, #257–665, and #257–666 were premiered in non-production order in USA. Season 2 is divided into 2 seasons in UK.
Season 3 (2005–06)
The hour-long finale Time After Time, split into two parts for broadcast, first aired in the United Kingdom on March 14 and 15, in Brazil on April 17 and 18, and later in its original country, USA, on May 6 and 13.
Notes
References
External links
Xiaolin Showdown
Lists of American children's animated television series episodes
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WIIH-CD
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WIIH-CD (channel 17) is a low-power Class A television station in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, affiliated with the digital multicast network GetTV. Locally owned by Circle City Broadcasting, it is a sister station to Circle City's duopoly of Indianapolis-licensed CW affiliate WISH-TV (channel 8) and Marion-licensed MyNetworkTV affiliate WNDY-TV (channel 23). The three stations share studios on North Meridian Street (at the north end of the Television Row section) on the near north side of Indianapolis; WIIH-CD's transmitter is located on Walnut Drive in the Augusta section of the city's northwest side (near Meridian Hills).
Even though WIIH-CD broadcasts a digital signal of its own, its broadcast radius is limited to the immediate Indianapolis area. It is therefore simulcast on WISH-TV's second digital subchannel (8.2) in order to reach the entire market.
History
Early history
The station first signed on the air on January 29, 1988 as W11BV, broadcasting on VHF channel 11. Its original owner, White River Corporation, sold the station to Indiana Broadcasting Corporation, the subsidiary of LIN Broadcasting Corporation (predecessor to LIN Media) that held the license for WISH-TV, on December 21, 1992. The station changed its call letters to WIIH-LP in 1995. In 2002, WIIH moved its allocation to UHF channel 17 and received approval from the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to reclassify its license to Class A status, modifying its calls to WIIH-CA in the process. In 2003, the station became the market's Univision affiliate, branding as "Univision Indiana". Soon afterward, WISH-TV began producing a nightly Spanish-language newscast for WIIH-CA (titled WIIH Noticias), which was cancelled in 2008. On May 18, 2007, LIN TV announced that it was exploring strategic alternatives that could result in the sale of the company.
On September 15, 2008, LIN and Time Warner Cable entered into an impasse during negotiations for new retransmission consent deals for some of the group's television stations. Bright House Networks, a major cable provider for Indianapolis, negotiates carriage contracts through Time Warner Cable. LIN TV requested compensation for carriage in a manner similar to cable networks, as other broadcast station owners began to seek compensation from pay television providers for their programming. The agreement with Bright House expired on October 2. By 12:35 a.m. on October 3, Time Warner Cable and Bright House Networks substituted WIIH, WISH and WNDY as well as LIN's other television stations around the country with other cable channels in markets where the group owns or manages stations and both providers maintain systems. Locally, WISH and WNDY were restored 23 days later on October 26 after LIN reached a groupwide carriage agreement with TWC/Bright House; however, WIIH-CA was excluded from the deal. By 2008, Indianapolis had grown to become the 57th largest media market based on the local Hispanic population in the United S
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texture%20synthesis
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Texture synthesis is the process of algorithmically constructing a large digital image from a small digital sample image by taking advantage of its structural content. It is an object of research in computer graphics and is used in many fields, amongst others digital image editing, 3D computer graphics and post-production of films.
Texture synthesis can be used to fill in holes in images (as in inpainting), create large non-repetitive background images and expand small pictures.
Contrast with procedural textures
Procedural textures are a related technique which may synthesise textures from scratch with no source material. By contrast, texture synthesis refers to techniques where some source image is being matched or extended.
Textures
"Texture" is an ambiguous word and in the context of texture synthesis may have one of the following meanings:
In common speech, the word "texture" is used as a synonym for "surface structure". Texture has been described by five different properties in the psychology of perception: coarseness, contrast, directionality, line-likeness and roughness .
In 3D computer graphics, a texture is a digital image applied to the surface of a three-dimensional model by texture mapping to give the model a more realistic appearance. Often, the image is a photograph of a "real" texture, such as wood grain.
In image processing, every digital image composed of repeated elements is called a "texture."
Texture can be arranged along a spectrum going from regular to stochastic, connected by a smooth transition:
Regular textures. These textures look like somewhat regular patterns. An example of a structured texture is a stonewall or a floor tiled with paving stones.
Stochastic textures. Texture images of stochastic textures look like noise: colour dots that are randomly scattered over the image, barely specified by the attributes minimum and maximum brightness and average colour. Many textures look like stochastic textures when viewed from a distance. An example of a stochastic texture is roughcast.
Goal
Texture synthesis algorithms are intended to create an output image that meets the following requirements:
The output should have the size given by the user.
The output should be as similar as possible to the sample.
The output should not have visible artifacts such as seams, blocks and misfitting edges.
The output should not repeat, i. e. the same structures in the output image should not appear multiple places.
Like most algorithms, texture synthesis should be efficient in computation time and in memory use.
Methods
The following methods and algorithms have been researched or developed for texture synthesis:
Tiling
The simplest way to generate a large image from a sample image is to tile it. This means multiple copies of the sample are simply copied and pasted side by side. The result is rarely satisfactory. Except in rare cases, there will be the seams in between the tiles and the image will be highly repetitive.
Stoch
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF%20TGV%20R%C3%A9seau
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The SNCF TGV Réseau (TGV-R) trains were built by Alstom between 1992 and 1996. These TGV trainsets are based on the earlier TGV Atlantique.
The first Réseau ("Network") sets entered service in 1993. Fifty dual-voltage trainsets were built in 1992-1994, numbered 501-550. A further 40 triple-voltage trainsets, numbered 4501-4540, were built in 1994-1996. The last ten of these triple voltage units carry the Thalys livery and are known as Thalys PBA (Paris-Brussels-Amsterdam) sets. As well as using standard French voltages of 25 kV AC and 1,500 V DC (also used in the Netherlands), the triple voltage sets can operate under the Belgian and Italian 3 kV DC supplies.
They are formed of two power cars ( under 25 kV—like the TGV Atlantique) and eight carriages, giving a capacity of 377 seats. They have a top speed of . They are long and are wide. The dual-voltage sets weigh , and owing to axle-load restrictions in Belgium the triple-voltage sets have a series of modifications, such as the replacement of steel with aluminium and hollow axles, to reduce the weight to under per axle. Owing to early complaints of uncomfortable pressure changes when entering tunnels at high speed on the LGV Atlantique, the Réseau sets are pressure-sealed.
In 2006 the carriages of nineteen sets were used to form TGV POS sets by using new TGV POS motorcars for services on the LGV Est to Germany and Switzerland. The 38 replaced Réseau motorcars were slightly modified and joined to new Duplex carriages, forming nineteen TGV Réseau Duplex units. They now operate as part of the TGV Duplex fleet, being numbered 601-619.
Renovation
After some ten years of successful service, the interior of TGV Réseau sets became outdated and needed a refurbishment. This refurbishment was part of the TGV Est project, as the dual-voltage sets were to assure the domestic services there. The same interiors would also be used in the coaches for POS sets.
Three possible interiors were presented to the public between 2002 and 2003 in different stations:
Recaro which teamed up with Brand Company (designer of the "snail" TGV logo)
MBD Design (designer of the noses of Alstom's Prima locomotives and the TGV Duplex) which teamed up with fashion designer Christian Lacroix.
Antolin which teamed up with Kenzo.
At the end of the Train Capitale exposition in Paris, MBD Design and Christian Lacroix were announced as the winning design.
Work started on the first dual-voltage sets in 2004 at SNCF's Hellemmes workshops, near Lille. In 2006 the last dual-voltage set was finished. Between 2008 and 2009 the three-voltage sets will also be refurbished in the same design. The refurbished sets can be distinguished from the non-refurbished ones by: the slightly changed livery; the fittings in the coaches, which are in new colours (red for 2nd class, yellow-green for 1st class and silver for the bar) and the reflecting stripes on the sides of the motorcars.
Although SNCF announced in July 2007 that the Lacroix-design
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinesis%20%28keyboard%29
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Kinesis is a company based near Seattle that offers computer keyboards with ergonomic designs as alternatives to the traditional keyboard design. Most widely known among these are the contoured Advantage line, which features recessed keys in two bucket-like hollows to allow the user's fingers to reach keys with less effort. Moreover, the keys are laid out in perfect vertical rows to avoid the need for lateral movements during typing. In addition, the modifiers such as enter, alt, backspace, control, etc. are moved to a central location so they can be pressed with the stronger thumbs rather than the pinky fingers.
Corporate history
Kinesis was founded in 1991 with its headquarters in Bothell, Washington, a suburb of Seattle. The company released its first keyboard, the Model 100 (first in the long-running Contoured/Advantage line), in 1992. Kinesis's first adjustable keyboard, the Maxim, was released in 1997.
In 2000, Kinesis entered a strategic alliance with Cramer, Inc. of Kansas City, which manufactured ergonomic seating. Kinesis took over production for the Cramer Interfaces chair arm-mounted split keyboard, releasing a revised version as the Kinesis Evolution in 2001.
Products
Contoured / Advantage
The original Model 100, released in 1992, featured a single-piece contoured design similar to the Maltron keyboard, with the keys laid out in a traditional QWERTY arrangement, separated into two clusters for the left and right hands. A 1993 article in PC Magazine described the keyboard's arrangement as having "the alphabet keys in precisely vertical (not diagonal) columns in two concave depressions. The Kinesis Keyboard also puts the Backspace, Delete, Enter, Space, Ctrl, Alt, Home, End, Page Up, and Page Down keys under your thumbs in the middle".
The top row of keys, including the escape key and function keys, are small soft-touch keys with membrane dome switches. The remaining keys are standard size and each has its own Cherry MX brown key switch, providing a tactile feel, but no click. A piezo buzzer provides optional key click. All Kinesis contoured keyboards (except the Essential) support the capability to re-map individual keys. Recent models also come with the ability to switch between the Dvorak layout with the press of a special key combination, though keycaps printed with dual-legend QWERTY/Dvorak letters are included only on specific models.
By 1995, Kinesis had released its fourth-generation Model 130. In 1996, Kinesis added two sub-lines to its contoured keyboards: the Essential (introduced that June), which was not programmable but could be upgraded, and the Professional (November), which included on-board macro programming, a foot switch, and Keyware software for Windows. The Essential had a suggested retail price of while the Professional was more expensive at . In July 1997, the mid-range Classic sub-line was launched to replace the Model 130, offering key remapping and macro programmability, but with half the memory of t
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WHFT-TV
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WHFT-TV (channel 45) is a religious television station in Miami, Florida, United States, owned and operated by the Trinity Broadcasting Network (TBN). The station's studios and transmitter are located at the Lakeside Park (formerly Lake Trinity Estates) complex on Pembroke Road in Pembroke Park (with a Hollywood mailing address).
History
The station first signed on the air on March 17, 1975, as WFCB-TV; it originally operated as a religious independent station that was owned by Florida Christian Television. The sign-on took place more than five years after the original construction permit was issued on August 29, 1969. The station aired programming for five hours a day, running a few local church services, Bible instruction programs, children's Christian programming, and programs from nationally known television evangelists. Florida Christian Television's owners were unable to keep the station solvent, so they put the station up for sale in early 1976, with a request to sell it to a Christian ministry.
The Lester Sumrall Evangelistic Association (later known as LeSEA Broadcasting) acquired the station in July 1976, after Florida Christian Television opted to sell for lack of capital. The station's call letters were changed to WHFT-TV (standing for "World Harvest Florida Television"), and the station switched from viewer- to advertiser-supported. Initially, the station's schedule expanded to nine hours a day with the addition of more Christian programming, much of it added by LeSEA, along with televangelist programs such as The 700 Club; a further expansion soon after added additional secular family entertainment shows.
In 1980, a month after Sumrall declared that the station was not for sale, it was announced that WHFT would be purchased by the Trinity Broadcasting Network. While TBN promised to increase programming from local religious ministries, the station dropped all of its secular programs as part of the sale. Productions from the studios included the national Monday-night broadcast of Praise the Lord and a significant portion of TBN's Spanish-language output.
The Pembroke Park mobile home park—mostly home to seasonal French Canadian residents—where WHFT's tower and former studios are located—was purchased by TBN in 1983 to reduce conflicts with neighbors and was known as Trinity Towers. The complex was renamed Lakeside Park Estates in 2017. The tower has been climbed on several occasions—including twice by the same man, ten years apart.
Subchannels
The station's digital signal continued to broadcast on its pre-transition UHF channel 46. Through the use of PSIP, digital television receivers display the station's virtual channel as its former UHF analog channel 45.
References
External links
HFT-TV
Trinity Broadcasting Network affiliates
Television channels and stations established in 1975
Family Broadcasting Corporation
HFT-TV
1975 establishments in Florida
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medium-dependent%20interface
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A medium dependent interface (MDI) describes the interface (both physical and electrical/optical) in a computer network from a physical layer implementation to the physical medium used to carry the transmission. Ethernet over twisted pair also defines a medium dependent interface crossover (MDI-X) interface. Auto MDI-X ports on newer network interfaces detect if the connection would require a crossover, and automatically chooses the MDI or MDI-X configuration to properly match the other end of the link.
Ethernet
The popular Ethernet family defines common medium-dependent interfaces. For 10BASE5, connection to the coaxial cable was made with either a vampire tap or a pair of N connectors. For 10BASE2, the connection to the coaxial cable was typically made with a single BNC connector to which a T-piece was attached. For twisted-pair cabling 8P8C, modular connectors are used (often incorrectly called "RJ45" in this context). For fiber, a variety of connectors are used depending on manufacturer and physical space availability.
With 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX, separate twisted pairs are used for the two directions of communication. Since twisted pair cables are conventionally wired pin to pin (straight-through) there are two different pinouts used for the medium-dependent interface. These are referred to as MDI and MDI-X (medium-dependent interface crossover). When connecting an MDI port to an MDI-X port, a straight-through cable is used, while to connect two MDI ports or two MDI-X ports, a crossover cable must be used. Conventionally, MDI is used on end devices and routers while MDI-X is used on hubs and switches. Some hubs and switches have an MDI uplink port (often switchable) to connect to other hubs or switches without a crossover cable.
MDI vs. MDI-X
The terminology generally refers to variants of the Ethernet over twisted pair technology that use a female 8P8C port connection on a computer, or other network device.
The X refers to the fact that transmit wires on an MDI device must be connected to receive wires on an MDI-X device.
Straight through cables connect pins 1 and 2 (transmit) on an MDI device to pins 1 and 2 (receive) on an MDI-X device. Similarly, pins 3 and 6 are receive pins on an MDI device and transmit pins on an MDI-X device. The general convention is for network hubs, bridges and switches to use the MDI-X configuration, while all other nodes such as personal computers, workstations, servers and routers use an MDI interface. Some routers and other devices had an uplink/normal switch to go back and forth between MDI and MDI-X on a specific port.
The requirement of connecting the transmitter of one side to the receiver on the other side and vice versa makes it necessary to always have an odd number of crossovers between two devices, with an MDI-X port containing an internal crossover. Thus, connecting MDI to MDI-X requires a straight-through cable (one crossover in total). Connecting MDI to MDI (no crossover) or MDI-X
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum%20engineering%20data%20rate
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Maximum engineering data rate (MEDR) is a term primarily used by telephone companies to refer to the maximum data throughput supportable over targeted copper wire.
MEDR is actually a theoretical measure of the amount of data throughput a line can handle, but does not necessarily refer to the amount of data available to the customer at the end of said copper wiring. The data throughput that can actually be presented to the end user is measured by AIDR or As Is Data Rate.
MEDR automatically assumes that the copper wiring in question is groomed to the best available capacity and needs no further work and is an optimistic estimate of what can be achieved over the wire.
Telephony
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIDR
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AIDR or As-Is Data Rate is a term primarily used by telephone companies to represent the level of available data throughput that can actually be provided to an end-user over copper wiring.
AIDR, as opposed to MEDR ("Maximum engineering data rate") is an actual measure of what an end-user can be provided measured in kilobytes per second—in other words, an AIDR of 3000 means that the end user in question can receive up to 3000 kilobytes per second of download speed.
Unlike MEDR, AIDR is dependent upon factors such as distance of the customer's network interface device from the DSLAM (datacenter), whereas MEDR is only a numerical representation of line quality and only includes information on what a line can physically handle—not what can actually be provided to that line.
External links
Cisco Data Network Switches
Telephony
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache%20Derby
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Apache Derby (previously distributed as IBM Cloudscape) is a relational database management system (RDBMS) developed by the Apache Software Foundation that can be embedded in Java programs and used for online transaction processing. It has a 3.5 MB disk-space footprint.
Apache Derby is developed as an open source project under the Apache 2.0 license. For a time, Oracle distributed the same binaries under the name Java DB. In June 2015 they announced that for JDK 9 they would no longer be doing so.
History
Apache Derby originated at Cloudscape Inc, an Oakland, California, start-up founded in 1996 by Nat Wyatt and Howard Torf to develop Java database technology. The first release of the database engine, then called JBMS, was in 1997. Subsequently, the product was renamed Cloudscape and releases were made about every six months.
In 1999, Informix Software, Inc., acquired Cloudscape, Inc. In 2001 IBM acquired the database assets of Informix Software, including Cloudscape. The database engine was re-branded to IBM Cloudscape and releases continued, mainly focusing on embedded use with IBM's Java products and middleware.
In August 2004, IBM contributed the code to the Apache Software Foundation as Derby, an incubator project sponsored by the Apache DB project. In July 2005 the Derby project graduated from the Apache incubator and is now being developed as a sub-project of the DB Top Level Project at Apache. Prior to Derby's graduation from incubation, Sun joined the Derby project with an intent to use Derby as a component in their own products, and with the release of Java 6 in December 2006, Sun started packaging Derby in the JDK branded as Java DB.
In March 2007, IBM announced that they would withdraw marketing and support for the Cloudscape product, but would continue to contribute to the Apache Derby project.
The Java DB database is Oracle's supported distribution of Apache Derby.
Technologies
Derby embedded database engine
The core of the technology, Derby's database engine, is a full-functioned relational embedded database-engine, supporting JDBC and SQL as programming APIs. It uses IBM Db2 SQL syntax.
Derby Network Server
The Derby network server increases the reach of the Derby database engine by providing traditional client server functionality. The network server allows clients to connect over TCP/IP using the standard DRDA protocol. The network server allows the Derby engine to support networked JDBC, ODBC/CLI, Perl.
Embedded Network Server
An embedded database can be configured to act as a hybrid server/embedded RDBMS; to also accept TCP/IP connections from other clients in addition to clients in the same JVM.
Database utilities
ij: a tool that allows SQL scripts to be executed against any JDBC database.
dblook: Schema extraction tool for a Derby database.
sysinfo: Utility to display version numbers and class path.
See also
List of relational database management systems
Comparison of relational database management systems
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel%206
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Channel 6 may refer to:
Television and radio channels, networks and stations
Channel 6 (El Salvador), a Salvadoran television channel owned by Telecorporación Salvadoreña
Channel 6 (Ireland), an Irish television channel (2006–2009)
Channel 6 (Israel), an Israeli kids cable television channel
Channel 6 (Korea), flagship station of South Korean television and radio network Seoul Broadcasting System
Channel 6 – Bariloche, a television station in San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
CCN TV6, television channel on Trinidad and Tobago
RTV 6, a television station in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
SBS 6, a commercial TV channel in the Netherlands
Six TV, a former television channel in the United Kingdom
Tokyo Broadcasting System Television and Japan News Network members TV station in Japan
Multimedios Televisión, a Mexican regional television network broadcasting on virtual channel 6 and branding as "Canal Seis"
3e, a television channel in Ireland, known as Channel 6 from 2006 to 2009
Fiction
Channel 6, a fictional television channel in The Simpsons; see Media in The Simpsons
Channel 6, a fictional television station in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles; see Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1987 TV series)
Channel 6 News, a fictional TV Station in Bob’s Burgers
See also
6 News (disambiguation), the news departments of various television stations
TV6 (disambiguation), the name of television networks, channels and stations in various countries
Channel 6 branded TV stations in the United States
Channel 6 digital TV stations in the United States
Channel 6 low-power TV stations in the United States
Channel 6 TV stations in Canada
Channel 6 virtual TV stations in Canada
Channel 6 virtual TV stations in the United States
06
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City%20Channel
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City Channel was an Irish television network that began broadcasting in October 2005, which focused primarily on local and regional television. It operated three stations: City Channel Dublin, City Channel Galway, and Channel South. The channel was replaced by RTÉ One +1 on 13 March 2012.
Launch
City Channel was given a licence by the BCI (now the BAI) on 31 January 2005 and began broadcasting in October 2005.
City Channel was originally launched on the NTL and Chorus cable services in Dublin, Galway and Waterford, however all four services were available on the digital services of UPC Ireland. The company was also granted a licence for a fourth station called City 7, which would have been targeted at Dublin's Eastern Europeans.
Programmes
The Evening Show was City Channel's prime time early evening entertainment programme. It was presented by Jimmy Greeley, who also has radio programme on 4fm, and Olive Geoghegan. It was broadcast daily from Monday to Friday at 7pm and covered a wide range of topics.
The Guest List was City Channel's entertainment programme. Presented by Judy Gilroy and Olive Geoghegan, the show features a strong mix of red carpet, fashion and music events.
Gay Nation was tailored specifically to the needs and tastes of the Gay Community. Each episode tackled the big issues affecting everyday gay life in Ireland, from marriage equality to job security. The programme aimed to appeal to all sections of the enormously diverse gay population and is presented by Joe Kearney.
The Evening Show: Extra was a compilation of the best bits of City Channel's flagship programme 'The Evening Show'. Presented by Judy Gilroy, this programme took a look back at some of the most memorable moments of City Channel's flagship show.
"The Warehouse" was a show hosted by newcomer to the presenting scene, Erich King. Each episode featured an interview with a comedian and a band which was great for new talent as bands and comedians were getting the chance to showcase their talent on a regional station, exposing them to many more people than usual. This was a new show to the station and lasted for 5 episodes before the channel closed down in September 2011.
Ownership
The company was headed by David Harvey, who also founded the original station and is based in Dublin.
In August 2007, Liberty Ventures, a subsidiary of Liberty Global, purchased a 35% stake in the company, saying that they were looking to expand the City Channel format to Central and Eastern Europe.
In January 2010 it was announced that City Channel received €400,000 from its investors. The investment will be used to provide security for any difficult trading that may occur during 2010 for the channel, for a new joint venture with a UK partner and to help their fledgling production company city productions, which currently produces Xccelerate for 3e. It is hoped that such productions can be repeated on City Channel. Like the other Irish channels launched between 2005 and 2008, it has
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouredine%20el%20Fahtni
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Nouredine el Fahtni (also Noreddine el Fahtni), is Moroccan who is a suspected member of terrorist organisation Hofstad Network, a Dutch organisation agitating for jihad against parliamentary democracy and the foundation of an Islamic state.
El Fahtni was arrested in Portugal in the summer of 2004, during the European Football Championship, on suspicion of planning an attack on then Portuguese prime minister José Manuel Durão Barroso, but was released for insufficient evidence. In 2005, El Fahtni and his wife Soumaya S. were arrested in the Netherlands for possessing a loaded machine gun, for which S. received a nine-month sentence and El Fahtni five years. Prosecutors sought a 12-year sentence for El Fahtni's suspected involvement in the "Piranha terrorism plot" against politicians and the Dutch Secret Service, AIVD. On 1 December 2006, he was sentenced to four years imprisonment, while co-conspirators Mohammed Chentouf also received four years and Samir Azzouz eight years.
Further reading
Van Gogh killer begins presenting own defense in new terrorism case Asharq Alawsat
Rechtbank heeft uitspraak gedaan in zaken verdachten Hofstadgroep (Dutch). de Rechtspraak.
References
Dutch Islamists
Moroccan emigrants to the Netherlands
Hofstad Network
Terrorism in Portugal
Muslims with branch missing
Living people
1982 births
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universo%20%28TV%20channel%29
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Universo is an American pay television channel owned by the NBCUniversal Telemundo Enterprises subsidiary of NBCUniversal. The network serves as a companion cable channel to the NBCUniversal's flagship broadcast television network NBC and, to some extent, its Spanish network Telemundo.
Aimed at Hispanic Adults between the ages of 18 and 49, the majority of its programming – which is tailored toward bilingual audiences – consists mainly of sports, scripted and reality series, and music programming. The network is headquartered in Miami Springs, Florida, while its master control operations are housed at the CNBC Global Headquarters in Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, which serves as master control facilities for most of NBCUniversal's cable networks.
The network was founded by Empresas 1BC as GEMS Television. In 2001, the network was acquired by Telemundo and re-branded as mun2. The network was renamed NBC Universo in February 2015 to align it with Telemundo's sister English-language network NBC. , NBC Universo's programming was available to approximately 39.326 million pay television households (33.8% of cable, satellite and telco customers with at least one television set) in the United States.
Background
The network was launched on October 10, 1993, as GEMS Television, under founding owner Empresas 1BC. Cable television provider Cox Cable (now Cox Communications) acquired an ownership interest in the network the following year. The network's programming was aimed towards Latina women.
As mun2
In 2001, GEMS was purchased by the Telemundo Communications Group (then a joint venture led by Sony Pictures Entertainment and Liberty Media), and revamped its programming format to target younger viewers; it was renamed mun2, a name chosen to reflect the "two worlds" that Latino Americans live in (the name being a Spanish-language pun on "mundo" and the number 2, which is pronounced like "mundos" or "worlds").
Its initial lineup included programs from Telemundo's then sister company Columbia TriStar Television (now Sony Pictures Television), including repeats of Spanish language adaptations of Charlie's Angels (Angeles) and The Dating Game that had aired on Telemundo as part of a failed programming revamp in 1998 in an attempt to counterprogram its rival, Univision. In addition, mun2 ran blocks of programming from the Home Shopping Network's Spanish language network Home Shopping Español (HSE) daily from 12:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. Eastern Time.
In 2002, NBC acquired Telemundo and mun2 from Sony Pictures and Liberty Media, and on August 2, 2004, General Electric, then-owners of NBC, acquired an 80% stake in Universal Pictures, merging it with NBC to form NBCUniversal, which was later acquired by Comcast in 2011.
The network's most well known series was the candid reality series I Love Jenni, which featured the life of banda/ranchero singer Jenni Rivera. After her death in a plane crash near Monterrey on December 9, 2012, the final season of the series ear
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sky%20News%20Ireland
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Sky News Ireland was a programming block on Sky News broadcast in Ireland. It was a separate feed from the UK and international versions of Sky News. Sky News Ireland was broadcast from its studios in Dublin. The service was also available in the UK and around the world on the Sky News Active (Red Button) service.
Background
Sky News launched in Europe in February 1989. In May 2004, Sky News confirmed the launch of an Irish version of the channel; prior to this, Sky News was broadcast in Ireland with specific opt-out advertising and sponsorship. Specialized Irish news content aired for 30 minutes each night from 19:00 and 22:00. These special broadcasts were presented by Gráinne Seoige, news anchor Ray Kennedy and Brian Daly. On 24 October 2005, the 19:00h programme was moved to 18:30h, this put it in direct competition with RTÉ News: Six One.
The bulletin was also available to international viewers via the Sky News Active service (red button) which proved quite popular with the Irish diaspora abroad. The channel was seen by European viewers with a DVB-S satellite receiver across Europe. Sky News Ireland was the first Irish news service to be broadcast in widescreen, beating plans by RTÉ News and TV3 News. On 27 December 2005, it was confirmed Sky News Ireland's 18:30h bulletin was to be simulcast on Sky1 from 9 January 2006.
Reporters for the service included Jonathan Healy, Alison O'Reilly, Orla Chennnaoui, David Blevins, Eibhlín Ní Chonghaile, Geraldine Lynagh, Amanda Cassidy, Aisling Ni Choisdealbha, and John Sherwin. Weather on Sky News Ireland was usually presented by Lisa Burke.
In October 2006, viewer ratings for the 10:00pm programme were 135,000 avg; the 18:30 programme received 65,000 avg. (Neilsen).
Closure
On 31 October 2006, it was reported that the programme block would cease at the end of November 2006. From 3 November 2006, no further Sky News Ireland bulletins were broadcast when the staff walked out. Ray Kennedy presented the final programme at 10:00pm on 3 November, after which the staff left in protest at the handling of the closure by their British Sky News managers in London
Although specific Irish programming has now ended, Sky News continues to air an Irish opt-out advertising and sponsorship feed and continues to host studios and offices in Dublin and Belfast.
References
External links
Television stations in Ireland
Sky News
Sky television channels
Defunct television channels
2004 establishments in Ireland
Television channels and stations established in 2004
Television channels and stations disestablished in 2006
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avalon%20Hill%27s%20Advanced%20Civilization
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Avalon Hill's Advanced Civilization is a computer edition of the Advanced Civilization board game (the Civilization board game including the expansion to that game called Advanced Civilization). Both the board and computer game portray the same basic concept: the players manage ancient Mediterranean civilizations in an effort to move them from the early Bronze Age to beyond the Iron Age. It was published in 1995, shortly before Avalon Hill was bought out by Hasbro in 1998.
Gameplay
The game play involves a map of the Mediterranean Sea and surrounding lands, where each player controls one civilization chosen from a set of nine: Africa, Asia, Assyria, Babylon, Crete, Egypt, Illyria, Italy (also named Iberia) and Thrace. Players move population units across the board, taking over territories and competing with their opponents for the most sought after land.
Once your population reaches a sufficient size, you can congregate the units into cities. These cities can later be attacked for valuable plunder and to deal a blow to your opponents' chances of winning. The primary source of damage to players' civilizations comes from calamities rather than warfare. Calamities are somewhat under players' control, and can be managed by purchase of appropriate tools.
Building cities allows your civilization to produce commodities such as iron, salt, wine, bronze and spices. For each city you have, you may draw a card from a commodity card deck, numbered one through nine. Those who have the least cities draw first. The more commodities your civilization produces, the more valuable the types of commodities that you can produce. Hidden within each commodity deck are also one or two calamities, such as earthquake, famine, barbarian hordes or civil war, each of which seriously damages your population and destroys your cities. All commodity and calamity cards have identical backs, for trading face down. Some calamities are not tradeable. Most tradeable calamities have consequences to other players and generally the player who traded the calamity is exempt from being chosen.
Once your civilization accumulates enough commodities, you can trade them with your opponents in order to corner the market on a particular commodity and increase its value. By creating sets of two or more of the same commodity, the value of the commodity increases since the set is worth the imprinted number (1 to 9) times the square of the number of cards the set consists of. To trade, you offer your opponents three (or more) of your commodity cards in exchange for three (or more) of theirs. You must trade the same number of cards. Notably, only two of the trade cards need to be true for a valid trade to take place, which often discourages trading more than three cards.
Once you collect enough commodities, you can spend them to purchase tools, which range from pottery or astronomy to democracy or monotheism. By acquiring these tools, players' civilizations gain victory points. The tools also gi
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helensvale%20railway%20station
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Helensvale railway station is a major public transport interchange in the Gold Coast suburb of Helensvale. Helensvale railway station is served by the Queensland Rail Citytrain network Gold Coast line, G:link light rail and Kinetic Group bus services.
History
Helensvale station opened on 25 February 1996 as the terminus of the Gold Coast line from Beenleigh. The line was later extended to Nerang on 16 December 1997. When opened, Helensvale station was also served by a CountryLink road coach service from Murwillumbah, this was diverted when the line was extended south.
A track duplication to the north of the station, linking with Coomera, was completed in October 2017. The new track provides additional capacity in time for the 2018 Commonwealth Games. The duplication required the construction of eight new rail bridges, including one with a span of 860 metres across the Coomera River, Hope Island Road and Saltwater Creek.
On 18 December 2017, Helensvale became the northern terminus of the G:link light rail line with an additional two platforms opening.
Train Services
Helensvale is served by Gold Coast line services from Varsity Lakes to Bowen Hills, Doomben and Brisbane Airport Domestic.
Services by platform
Bus connections
Kinetic Group operate eleven bus routes from Helensvale station:
704: to Sea World via Southport and Main Beach
710: to Griffith University via Parkwood
714: to Griffith University via Pacific Pines
715: to Southport via Arundel
716: to Studio Village
717: to Pacific Pines
718: to Santa Barbara
TX7 (formerly 720): to Coomera station via Dreamworld, Movie World & Wet n Wild
723: to Coomera station via Oxenford
725: to Coomera station via Upper Coomera
727: to Coomera station via Reserve Road
Tram Services
Helensvale is the northern terminus of the G:Link light rail. With one tram every 7.5 minutes during weekdays from 7am to 7pm, every 10 minutes during weekends from 7am to 7pm and every 15 minutes from 5am to 7am and 7pm to midnight to Broadbeach South.
References
External links
Helensvale station Queensland's Railways on the Internet
G:link stations
Railway stations in Australia opened in 1996
Railway stations in Gold Coast City
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online%20transaction%20processing
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Online transaction processing (OLTP) is a type of database system used in transaction-oriented applications, such as many operational systems. "Online" refers to that such systems are expected to respond to user requests and process them in real-time (process transactions). The term is contrasted with online analytical processing (OLAP) which instead focuses on data analysis (for example planning and management systems).
The term transaction
The term "transaction" can have two different meanings, both of which might apply: in the realm of computers or database transactions it denotes an atomic change of state, whereas in the realm of business or finance, the term typically denotes an exchange of economic entities (as used by, e.g., Transaction Processing Performance Council or commercial transactions.) OLTP may use transactions of the first type to record transactions of the second.
Compared to OLAP
OLTP is typically contrasted to online analytical processing (OLAP), which is generally characterized by much more complex queries, in a smaller volume, for the purpose of business intelligence or reporting rather than to process transactions. Whereas OLTP systems process all kinds of queries (read, insert, update and delete), OLAP is generally optimized for read only and might not even support other kinds of queries. OLTP also operates differently from batch processing and grid computing.
In addition, OLTP is often contrasted to online event processing (OLEP), which is based on distributed event logs to offer strong consistency in large-scale heterogeneous systems. Whereas OLTP is associated with short atomic transactions, OLEP allows for more flexible distribution patterns and higher scalability, but with increased latency and without guaranteed upper bound to the processing time.
Use
OLTP has also been used to refer to processing in which the system responds immediately to user requests. An automated teller machine (ATM) for a bank is an example of a commercial transaction processing application. Online transaction processing applications have high throughput and are insert- or update-intensive in database management. These applications are used concurrently by hundreds of users. The key goals of OLTP applications are availability, speed, concurrency and recoverability (durability). Reduced paper trails and the faster, more accurate forecast for revenues and expenses are both examples of how OLTP makes things simpler for businesses. However, like many modern online information technology solutions, some systems require offline maintenance, which further affects the cost-benefit analysis of an online transaction processing system.
Overview
An OLTP system is an accessible data processing system in today's enterprises. Some examples of OLTP systems include order entry, retail sales, and financial transaction systems. Online transaction processing systems increasingly require support for transactions that span a network and may include more t
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bionicle%202%3A%20Legends%20of%20Metru%20Nui
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Bionicle 2: Legends of Metru Nui is a 2004 computer-animated science fantasy action film and the second film based on Lego's Bionicle toy line. It is a prequel to the first film, Bionicle: Mask of Light. This film follows the 2004 storyline and was created using Lego elements from the Bionicle series. It is also the second of the two films in the franchise to be given a rating by the MPAA. It was released on DVD and VHS on October 19, 2004, by Buena Vista Home Entertainment under the Miramax Home Entertainment label.
In this film, Vakama recalls events that took place long before the classic Bionicle stories at Mata Nui, during which he, along with his friends Nuju, Matau, Onewa, Whenua, and Nokama were chosen to be the new Toa of the island of Metru Nui. To save the city, they must prove themselves worthy Toa, find their mask powers, and protect the "Heart of Metru Nui", but they also find themselves caught up in the schemes of the evil Makuta.
The film received mixed reviews, with some noting the filling in of plot holes from the previous film. The series continued to be noted for its visual effects and musical score. It was followed by a sequel, Bionicle 3: Web of Shadows.
Plot
The film begins with Turaga Vakama describing a land that existed before Mata Nui, called Metru Nui. There the local Toa heroes fell in battle one by one, as a relentless shadow sought to conquer the great city.
Lhikan, the last remaining Toa, travels throughout the entire city, giving Toa stones containing fractions of his own power to six Matoran from each of the city's different regions: Whenua, Nuju, Matau, Onewa, Nokama, and Vakama. After giving the last stone to Vakama, Lhikan is captured by two Dark Hunters, Nidhiki and Krekka. Vakama later meets the other Matoran at the Great Temple in Ga-Metru; there, they are transformed into six new Toa. After Vakama has a vision of Metru Nui's destruction, they all set out to recover the six Great Disks hidden throughout Metru Nui, hoping to prove to Turaga Dume, the city's leader, that they are worthy Toa. However, Dume declares that "simple gifts" will not confirm them as Toa, and puts them to a grueling test instead. When the six fail to pass, Dume denounces them as imposters and unleashes the Vahki, the city's law enforcers, upon them. In the ensuing chaos, Onewa, Nuju, and Whenua are captured while Vakama and the others escape the Coliseum by leaping into the city's chute transport system, with the Dark Hunters in pursuit.
The Dark Hunters force a chute worker to reverse the flow of the chute system, forcing Vakama and the others to abandon the chute system in the ice region of Ko-Metru. They then set out to find the other Toa and Lhikan, whom Vakama believes is still alive. They hitch a ride on a Vahki transport to Po-Metru, where they are ambushed by the Dark Hunters and forced to flee from a herd of Kikanalo beasts. Nokama discovers that her mask allows her to speak and understand foreign languages and persuade
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werewolf%20%28TV%20series%29
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Werewolf is an American horror series, and one of the original shows in the Fox network's broadcast line-up during its inaugural season of 1987–1988.
The show follows the adventures of Eric Cord (John J. York), a college student transformed into a werewolf who undergoes a quest to rid himself of his curse by killing the apparent originator of his "bloodline," a drifter named Janos Skorzeny (the character's name is a reference to the name of the vampire in the classic TV film The Night Stalker) played by Chuck Connors (in his last television role). While pursuing Skorzeny, Cord himself is pursued by the persistent bounty hunter "Alamo" Joe Rogan (Lance LeGault). Later, Cord hunts Nicholas Remy (Brian Thompson), the real originator of the bloodline.
The show aired a two-hour pilot and 28 half-hour episodes before being canceled in 1988. In the United Kingdom, the series aired on Sky One from 1989 to 1990.
Synopsis
Eric Cord is a college student whose average life comes to an end on the night that his roommate, Ted, hands him a gun loaded with silver bullets. Ted is a werewolf who has been killing people and tells Eric to kill him, seeing this as his only way out. A red pentagram on Ted's right palm is the sign that the metamorphosis is coming. Confronted with Eric's disbelief, Ted decides to prove his situation and asks Eric to tie him up in a chair and wait until midnight, at which time he'd either see for himself or call in professional help. When midnight comes, Ted transforms into a werewolf, forcing his friend to shoot and kill him — but not before he manages to bite Eric. Before long, Eric discovers a pentagram on his own palm and, soon after, undergoes his own transformation into a seven-foot-tall werewolf. Now on the run for his friend's murder, Eric spends the remainder of the series on a quest to find and kill the originator of his bloodline, the mysterious Janos Skorzeny, which will break the curse.
The series was similar in tone and formula to shows like The Fugitive and The Incredible Hulk but achieved a contemporary feel by mixing a decidedly rock soundtrack with suspense-themed music. Eric wandered from place to place, hitchhiking, taking odd jobs and befriending various characters whose paths he crossed along the way, before invariably being transformed by his werewolf curse just in time to save his new friends from the clutches of some evildoer. Though Eric appeared to have no control over his actions while in werewolf form and typically retained no memory of them afterward, he seemed to prey almost exclusively on villainous characters, never attacking or killing an innocent person. There were hints as the series progressed, however, that this self-control was slowly eroding, as indeed Ted had warned him it would, threatening to destroy Eric's conscience/will if he could not end the curse soon.
Near the end of the series' run, it was revealed that the originator of Eric's bloodline was not, in fact, the evil Janos Skorzeny but
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-tree
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In computer science tree data structures, an X-tree (for eXtended node tree) is an index tree structure based on the R-tree used for storing data in many dimensions. It appeared in 1996, and differs from R-trees (1984), R+-trees (1987) and R*-trees (1990) because it emphasizes prevention of overlap in the bounding boxes, which increasingly becomes a problem in high dimensions. In cases where nodes cannot be split without preventing overlap, the node split will be deferred, resulting in super-nodes. In extreme cases, the tree will linearize, which defends against worst-case behaviors observed in some other data structures.
Structure
The X-tree consists of three different types of nodes—data nodes, normal directory nodes and supernodes. The data nodes of the X-tree contain rectilinear minimum bounding rectangles (MBRs) together with pointers to the actual data objects, and the directory nodes contain MBRs together with pointers to sub-MBRs. Supernodes are large directory nodes of variable size(a multiple of the usual block size). The basic goal of supernodes is to avoid splits in the directory that would result in an inefficient directory structure.
References
R-tree
Database index techniques
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smn%20theorem
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In computability theory the theorem, (also called the translation lemma, parameter theorem, and the parameterization theorem) is a basic result about programming languages (and, more generally, Gödel numberings of the computable functions) (Soare 1987, Rogers 1967). It was first proved by Stephen Cole Kleene (1943). The name comes from the occurrence of an S with subscript n and superscript m in the original formulation of the theorem (see below).
In practical terms, the theorem says that for a given programming language and positive integers m and n, there exists a particular algorithm that accepts as input the source code of a program with free variables, together with m values. This algorithm generates source code that effectively substitutes the values for the first m free variables, leaving the rest of the variables free.
Details
The basic form of the theorem applies to functions of two arguments (Nies 2009, p. 6). Given a Gödel numbering of recursive functions, there is a primitive recursive function s of two arguments with the following property: for every Gödel number p of a partial computable function f with two arguments, the expressions and are defined for the same combinations of natural numbers x and y, and their values are equal for any such combination. In other words, the following extensional equality of functions holds for every x:
More generally, for any m, , there exists a primitive recursive function of arguments that behaves as follows: for every Gödel number p of a partial computable function with arguments, and all values of x1, …, xm:
The function s described above can be taken to be .
Formal statement
Given arities and , for every Turing Machine of arity and for all possible values of inputs , there exists a Turing machine of arity , such that
Furthermore, there is a Turing machine that allows to be calculated from and ; it is denoted .
Informally, finds the Turing Machine that is the result of hardcoding the values of into . The result generalizes to any Turing-complete computing model.
Example
The following Lisp code implements s11 for Lisp.
(defun s11 (f x)
(let ((y (gensym)))
(list 'lambda (list y) (list f x y))))
For example, evaluates to .
See also
Currying
Kleene's recursion theorem
Partial evaluation
References
(This is the reference that the 1989 edition of Odifreddi's "Classical Recursion Theory" gives on p. 131 for the theorem.)
External links
Computability theory
Theorems in theory of computation
Articles with example Lisp (programming language) code
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular%20memory
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Molecular memory is a term for data storage technologies that use molecular species as the data storage element, rather than e.g. circuits, magnetics, inorganic materials or physical shapes. The molecular component can be described as a molecular switch, and may perform this function by any of several mechanisms, including charge storage, photochromism, or changes in capacitance. In a perfect molecular memory device, each individual molecule contains a bit of data, leading to massive data capacity. However, practical devices are more likely to use large numbers of molecules for each bit, in the manner of 3D optical data storage (many examples of which can be considered molecular memory devices). The term "molecular memory" is most often used to mean very fast, electronically addressed solid-state data storage, as is the term computer memory. At present, molecular memories are still found only in laboratories.
Examples
One approach to molecular memories is based on special compounds such as porphyrin-based polymers which are capable of storing electric charge. Once a certain voltage threshold is achieved the material oxidizes, releasing an electric charge. The process is reversible, in effect creating an electric capacitor. The properties of the material allow for a much greater capacitance per unit area than with conventional DRAM memory, thus potentially leading to smaller and cheaper integrated circuits.
Several universities and a number of companies (Hewlett-Packard, ZettaCore) have announced work on molecular memories, which some hope will supplant DRAM memory as the lowest cost technology for high-speed computer memory. NASA is also supporting research on non-volatile molecular memories.
In 2018, researches from the University of Jyväskylä in Finland, developed a molecular memory which can memorize the direction of a magnetic field for long periods of time after being switched off at extremely low temperatures, which would aid in enhancing the storage capacity of hard disk drives without enlarging their physical size.
References
External links
Nonvolatile Molecular Memory - NASA
Molecular memory a game-changer - article from Phys.Org
DNA-interfaced Molecular Memory - article from Acs.org
Graphene flash memory- nanowerk
Computer memory
Molecular electronics
Nanoelectronics
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisa%20vs.%20Malibu%20Stacy
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"Lisa vs. Malibu Stacy" is the fourteenth episode of the fifth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons, and the 95th episode overall. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on February 17, 1994. Lisa challenges the Malibu Stacy dollmakers to make a less sexist doll. With Malibu Stacy's original creator, Stacy Lovell, Lisa creates the doll Lisa Lionheart to positively influence young girls.
The episode was written by Bill Oakley and Josh Weinstein, and directed by Jeffrey Lynch. Its plot was inspired by the Teen Talk Barbie doll, which "spoke" short phrases stereotypical of a middle-class American teenager. Kathleen Turner guest stars as Lovell.
The episode has received mostly positive critical reviews. It acquired a Nielsen rating of 11.6, and was the second-highest-rated show on the Fox network the week it aired.
Plot
Grampa decides to give the Simpson family their inheritance early, which the family chooses to spend on a trip to the mall. During the entire trip to the mall and back home, Grampa tells far-fetched stories and spouts useless advice, making the family shun him. At the mall, Lisa eagerly buys the new talking Malibu Stacy doll, but is disappointed when the doll utters sexist phrases such as "Thinking too much gives you wrinkles" and "Don't ask me, I'm just a girl." After Lisa and Grampa bemoan how they are treated because of their age, they decide to change: Grampa will get a job and Lisa will find Malibu Stacy's creator, Stacy Lovell, and convince her to come out of retirement.
Grampa struggles with his new job at Krusty Burger, suffering a war flashback at the drive-thru and losing his false teeth when a coworker accidentally wraps up a bun that he put them in as a prank and sent out as part of an order. He soon quits after realizing he misses complaining with his fellow seniors.
Waylon Smithers, who owns the world's largest collection of Malibu Stacy merchandise, helps Lisa find Lovell. Lovell has become a jaded alcoholic recluse in the twenty years since she was forced out of her own company, but becomes reinvigorated when Lisa proposes a new talking doll, Lisa Lionheart, voiced by Lisa herself, to counteract the talking Malibu Stacy. The doll, designed to look more realistic than Malibu Stacy, says inspirational and encouraging phrases for girls. However, the Malibu Stacy executives learn of its development and worry that it poses a real threat to their sales.
After a slow initial release, Lisa Lionheart suddenly gains popularity among Malibu Stacy fans after being featured in Kent Brockman's news show at the behest of his daughter. As Springfield's children, along with Smithers, rush to the mall to buy Lisa Lionheart, a cart of Malibu Stacy dolls with new hats is wheeled into their path. Though Lisa protests at the cheap reissues of Malibu Stacy dolls, the kids and Smithers ransack the cart regardless. However, one little girl selects a Lisa Lionheart doll, which gives Lisa hop
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia%20Library%20Learning%20Online
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Georgia Library Learning Online, more commonly known as GALILEO, is a virtual library operated by the University System of Georgia. There are over 100 core databases available, offering full text access to journals, magazines, e-books, government information, primary documents, and more. The Digital Library of Georgia is also part of the GALILEO system.
The full system is available to those with a password, or those accessing it from computers with authorized IP address ranges. These include computer networks within the University System of Georgia (USG) and the Technical College System of Georgia (TCSG), as well as public schools and some private schools and Georgia public libraries.
References
External links
New Georgia Encyclopedia Article about GALILEO
1995 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Libraries in Georgia (U.S. state)
American digital libraries
University System of Georgia
Libraries established in 1995
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTV%20Animation
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MTV Animation is the animation department of the television network MTV.
History
In 1991, MTV debuted its first full-length animated series, Liquid Television, which helped launch Beavis and Butt-Head and Æon Flux. MTV established its own in-house animation studio in 1993 to work on Beavis and Butt-Head and other projects. While MTV's animation department is often grouped with Nickelodeon's (as both channels were part of MTV Networks), the two entities are mostly separate. MTV's cartoons are known for their dark humor, adult jokes, graphic violence, pop culture references, and irreverence.
In an interview for the Beavis and Butt-Head Do America DVD, Mike Judge described MTV Animation as being very ad hoc: Beavis and Butt-Head didn't have an art director until the film was made, so until the film they'd never considered colour palettes from scene to scene. In the same interview, art director Yvette Kaplan said "everything was overlapping... we never had the luxury of one part [episode] finished" before another episode was finished.
Many MTV animation productions do not survive a single season and in some cases are canceled before completion. Productions including Undergrads, Downtown, Station Zero, 3-South, and Clone High have been highly acclaimed, yet none of them got renewed beyond their first season, usually due to lack of an audience or advertising. By 2001, the animation department was shut down, with the network's animated series now being outsourced to different studios. During the 2000s, MTV would phase out of producing original animation in favor of importing shows, usually reruns of shows from sister networks Comedy Central and Nickelodeon. The MTV Animation brand was briefly revived from 2006 to 2007 as part of a push to produce animated series for MTV2.
In 2011, MTV would return to adult animation. Its first production was a relaunch of Beavis and Butt-Head, which premiered in October 2011; this was quickly followed by Good Vibes, starting later in the same month. In November 2011, MTV said they plan a third cartoon, Worst Friends Forever by Thomas Middleditch, that Mike Judge would produce, about three teenage girls who hover on the outskirts of popularity and have to cope with cattiness and crushes; a pilot had been picked up and concept art of the characters was released. The cartoons did not do as expected though. Good Vibes was cancelled in February 2012 due to low ratings, on the same day the DVD came out, Beavis and Butt-Head was cancelled in December 2011, and Worst Friends Forever never aired. In a September 2012 interview on "Making It With Riki Lindhome", Middleditch said Worst Friends was "for all intents and purposes done" and "not in my hands anymore". Mike Judge said in January 2014 that he might pitch Beavis and Butt-Head to another network.
Future and recent resurgence
In August 2020, ViacomCBS's Entertainment & Youth Group launched a new strategy to expand its adult animation units. This upcoming unit will pro
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaron%20Hillegass
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Aaron Hillegass (born 1969) Is the founder and former CEO of Big Nerd Ranch. Aaron is best known to many programmers as the author of Objective-C: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide, Cocoa Programming for Mac OS X, and iOS Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide.
Between 1995 and 1997, he was employed at NeXT as a developer and trainer. In 1997, NeXT merged with Apple Computer. Hillegass elected to leave his role to start his own dot-com business. In 2000, he was then contracted by Apple to help train their software developers in the Cocoa application programming interface (API), an evolution of the NEXTSTEP API. This led to the creation of Big Nerd Ranch, a professional services company that originally worked only with Apple technologies. Today, Big Nerd Ranch provides product development, and developer training, for a range of app development projects, including iOS, Android, frontend and backend, Cocoa and user experience/user interface design.
In 2012, he merged Big Nerd Ranch with Highgroove Studios and demoted himself to Chief Learning Officer. In December 2014, he resumed his role as CEO.
He retired from Big Nerd Ranch in August 2017 and received his Masters in Computational Science and Engineering at Georgia Tech in 2021. He sold his interest in Big Nerd Ranch to projekt202, a subsidiary of Amdocs, in June 2020.
Aaron is currently the Director of Applied Data Science at New College of Florida in Sarasota, Florida. He is the executive director of the Kontinua Foundation, which is developing free STEM education materials for high school students.
On 8 April, 2023, in reaction to Florida Governor Ron DeSantis's decision to replace the leadership of New College and remake the school in the image of Hillsdale College, Hillegass gave notice that he would quit his position and rescind a $600,000 donation to the New College Foundation. In his letter, he said, "If I were more patriotic, I'd burn the college's buildings to the ground," a remark he later described as "a poetic flourish that sounded cool until it showed up in the Sarasota Herald Tribune."
Aaron Hillegass is also an investor. In 2014, Forbes Magazine named him one of the top 10 amateur stock pickers in America after his portfolio on Marketocracy earned an average annual return of 16.2% over ten years. He was the original angel investor in Greenlight Financial Technology, Inc.
Bibliography
Christian Keur; Aaron Hillegass; Joe Conway (2014). iOS Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide. Big Nerd Ranch. 4th Edition (February 2014). .
Aaron Hillegass and Mikey Ward (2013). Objective-C Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide. Big Nerd Ranch. 2nd Edition (November 2013). .
Aaron Hillegass and Adam Preble (2011). Cocoa Programming for Mac OS X. Addison-Wesley. 4th Edition (November 2011). .
Mark Dalrymple; Aaron Hillegass (2005). Advanced Mac OS X Programming. (Sept 2005). .
References
External links
Bio at Big Nerd Ranch
Working at Big Nerd Ranch: An Interview with Aaron Hillegass
Apple Lab/M
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java%20Secure%20Socket%20Extension
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In computing, the Java Secure Socket Extension (JSSE) is a Java API and a provider implementation named SunJSSE that enable secure Internet communications in the Java Runtime Environment. It implements a Java technology version of the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocols. It includes functionality for data encryption, server authentication, message integrity, and optional client-authentication.
JSSE was originally developed as an optional package for Java versions 1.2 and 1.3, but was added as a standard API and implementation into JDK 1.4.
See also
Java KeyStore
References
External links
Java APIs
Transport Layer Security implementation
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WJW%20%28TV%29
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WJW (channel 8) is a television station in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, affiliated with the Fox network. Owned by Nexstar Media Group, WJW maintains studios on Dick Goddard Way (named for the station's late longtime weatherman—previously known as South Marginal Road) just northeast of downtown Cleveland near the shore of Lake Erie, and its transmitter is located in the Cleveland suburb of Parma, Ohio.
History
As WXEL
The television station first signed on the air on December 19, 1949, as WXEL, originally broadcasting on VHF channel 9. It was founded by the Empire Coil Company, a wartime manufacturer of radio coils and transformers. The station was the third to sign on in Cleveland behind WNBK (then-channel 4, now WKYC channel 3), and WEWS-TV (channel 5), all of which signed on in a 13-month timeframe.
In its early years, WXEL was a primary DuMont affiliate, and later became a secondary provider of ABC programs, sharing that affiliation with WEWS. WXEL also carried a number of CBS programs that WEWS declined to air. Some of the daytime shows originated at Cinécraft Productions on Franklin Boulevard in Ohio City. WXEL also carried an affiliation with the short-lived Paramount Television Network, and in fact was one of that network's strongest affiliates. The station aired such Paramount Network programs as Hollywood Wrestling, Bandstand Revue, and Time for Beany. During the late 1950s, the station was also briefly affiliated with the NTA Film Network.
Following the 1952 release of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)'s Sixth Report and Order, a realignment of VHF channels in the Midwest forced WXEL to move to channel 8 on December 10, 1953. Its former channel 9 allocation was moved to Steubenville and given to a new station, WSTV-TV (now WTOV); the switch took place only two weeks before WSTV-TV went on the air.
In 1954, Empire Coil sold two of its television interests—WXEL and KPTV in Portland, Oregon, the United States' first UHF station—to Storer Broadcasting. George B. Storer, the company's founder and president, was a member of the board of directors of CBS, and used his influence to take the CBS television affiliation from WEWS in March 1955. WEWS became an exclusive ABC affiliate (and remains so to this day), while the DuMont network shut down operations in 1955. It took Cleveland under eight years for each station at the time to gain exclusive full-time network affiliations of their own.
As WJW-TV (1956–1977)
Storer changed channel 8's call letters to WJW-TV on April 15, 1956, to complement WJW radio (AM 850, now WKNR, and FM 104.1, now WQAL), respectively. All three stations later moved to the former Esquire Theater building at 1630 Euclid Avenue, near Playhouse Square.
On November 16, 1963, approximately 30 WJW radio and television personalities went on strike, forcing both stations to use supervisory and production personnel in those roles, many from parent company Storer Broadcasting stations in Atlanta and Miami. T
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storage%20Resource%20Manager
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The Storage Resource Management (SRM) technology was initiated by the Scientific Data Management Group at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) and developed in response to the growing needs of managing large datasets on a variety of storage systems.
Dynamic storage management is essential to ensure:
prevention of data loss,
decrease of error rates of data replication, and
decrease of the analysis time by ensuring that analysis tasks have the storage space to run to completion.
Storage Resource Managers (SRMs) address issues by coordinating storage allocation, streaming the data between sites, and enforcing secure interfaces to the storage systems (i.e. dealing with special security requirements of each storage system at its home institution.) In a production environment, using SRMs has reduced error rates of large-scale replication from 1% to 0.02% in the STAR project. Furthermore, SRMs can prevent job failures. When running jobs on clusters, some of the local disks get filled before the job finishes resulting in loss of productivity, and therefore a delay in analysis. This occurs because space was not dynamically allocated and previous unneeded files were not removed. While there are tools for dynamically allocating compute and network resources, SRMs are the only tool available for providing dynamic space reservation, guaranteeing secure file availability with lifetime support, and automatic garbage collection that prevents clogging of storage systems.
The SRM specification has evolved into an international standard, and many projects have committed to using this technology, especially in the HEP and HENP communities, such as the Worldwide Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Computing Grid (WLCG) that supports ATLAS and CMS.
The SRM approach is to develop a uniform standard interface that allows multiple implementations by various institutions to interoperate. This approach removes the dependence on a single implementation and permits multiple groups to develop SRM systems for their specific storage resources. Hence, it became crucial to the interoperation of storage systems for such large-scale projects that have to manage and distribute massive amounts of data efficiently and securely. Without such a unifying technology, such projects cannot scale and are bound to fail. This problem will only grow over time as computing facilities move into the petascale regime.
Another important problem that SRMs address is storage clogging. Storage clogging is a critical problem for large-scale shared storage systems since the removal of files after they are used is not automated. This increases the cost of storage and slows the analysis and discovery process. SRMs help unclog temporary storage systems, by providing lifetime management of accessed files. This capability is crucial to efficient usage of storage under cost constraints.
SRMs also serve as gateways to secure data access. By limiting external access to all storage systems th
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archive%20file
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In computing, an archive file is a computer file that is composed of one or more files along with metadata. Many archive formats also support compression of member files. Archive files are used to collect multiple data files together into a single file for easier portability and storage, or simply to compress files to use less storage space. Archive files often store directory structures, error detection and correction information, comments, and some use built-in encryption.
Applications
Portability
Archive files are particularly useful in that they store file system data and metadata within the contents of a particular file, and thus can be stored on systems or sent over channels that do not support the file system in question, only file contents – examples include sending a directory structure over email, files with names unsupported on the target file system due to length or characters, and retaining files' date and time information.
A single archive file may contain multiple member files; this can speed file transfers and other operations with processing overheads for each file, in addition to gains due to compression.
Software distribution
Beyond archival purposes, archive files are frequently used for packaging software for distribution, as software contents are often naturally spread across several files; the archive is then known as a package. While the archival file format is the same, there are additional conventions about contents, such as requiring a manifest file, and the resulting format is known as a package format. Examples include deb for Debian, JAR for Java, APK for Android, and self-extracting Windows Installer executables.
Features
Features supported by various kinds of archives include:
converting metadata into data stored inside a file (e.g., file name, permissions, etc.)
checksums to detect errors
data compression
file concatenation to store multiple files in a single file
file patches / updates (when recording changes since a previous archive)
encryption
error correction code to fix errors
splitting a large file into many equal sized files for storage or transmission
Some archive programs have self-extraction, self-installation, source volume and medium information, and package notes/description.
The file extension or file header of the archive file are indicators of the file format used. Computer archive files are created by file archiver software, optical disc authoring software, and disk image software.
Archive formats
An archive format is the file format of an archive file. Some formats are well-defined by their authors and have become conventions supported by multiple vendors and communities.
Types
Archiving only formats store metadata and concatenate files.
Compression only formats only compress files.
Multi-function formats can store metadata, concatenate, compress, encrypt, create error detection and recovery information, and package the archive into self-extracting and self-expanding files
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows%20Genuine%20Advantage
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Windows Genuine Advantage (WGA) is an anti-infringement system created by Microsoft that enforces online validation of the licensing of several Microsoft Windows operating systems when accessing several services, such as Windows Update, and downloading Windows components from the Microsoft Download Center. WGA consists of two components: an installable component called WGA Notifications that hooks into Winlogon and validates the Windows license upon each logon and an ActiveX control that checks the validity of the Windows license when downloading certain updates from the Microsoft Download Center or Windows Update. WGA Notifications covers Windows XP and later, with the exception of Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP Professional x64 Edition. The ActiveX control checks Windows 2000 Professional licenses as well.
In Windows 7, WGA is renamed Windows Activation Technologies.
Despite its name it does not actually evaluate the integrity or security of any computer.
Features
The WGA validation process validates the present installation of Windows and its license key against the detected computer hardware and determines if the software was licensed from Microsoft. It is accessible by either a stand-alone program, a Netscape-compatible web browser plug-in, or as an ActiveX control within Internet Explorer, the latter of which is relevant to any attempt to access Microsoft updates via its browser. It includes the following steps:
Upon their first visit to Windows Update or certain updates on the Microsoft Download Center, users receive a message requiring them to validate their copy of Windows by downloading an ActiveX control which checks the authenticity of their Windows software. If successful in validating Windows, it stores a license file on the PC for future verification.
After successful validation, the regular update download can continue.
If the software decides the instance of Windows does not have a valid license, WGA displays a specific notice to the user and prevents non-critical updates from being downloaded from Microsoft. This includes changing the wallpaper to black, and displays a watermark in the bottom-right of the screen.
The ActiveX control is downloaded on the first validation and when a new version is available, but the validation itself can be performed any time the user connects to a Microsoft Website to update.
On Windows Vista without service packs, WGA validation failure has a greater impact. In addition to persistent notification and the disabling of non-critical updates, WGA also disables Windows Aero, Windows Defender and Windows ReadyBoost. The user is given a grace period in which to then pass validation, after which most of the operating system is disabled and Windows reverts to reduced functionality mode. This behavior however has been removed in Service Pack 1 of Windows Vista in favor of prominent notices on systems believed unlicensed.
Software
WGA Validation Tool
When a user installs Windows Genuine
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincom%20Systems
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Cincom Systems, Inc., is a privately held multinational computer technology corporation founded in 1968 by Tom Nies, Tom Richley, and Claude Bogardus.
The company's best known product today is named Total (trademark TOTAL).
IBM mentions Cincom as being "the original database company".
Historic significance
Cincom Systems was founded in 1968, when the product focus in the computer industry was far more on hardware than software, and mass merchandising in the industry was nonexistent. The company’s first product, Total, was the first commercial database management system that was not bundled with manufacturer hardware and proprietary software.
Thomas Nies
By the late 1960s, Tom Nies, a salesman and project manager at IBM, had noticed that software was becoming a more important component of computer systems and decided to work for a business that sold software. The only software businesses in existence at that time were a small number of service bureaus, none of which was located in Cincinnati, where Nies resided. In 1968 Nies joined Claude Bogardus and Tom Richley to found Cincom Systems, which initially only wrote programs for individual companies. Within its first year, the company realized that it was solving the same data management problems for its various clients. Nies proposed the solution of developing a core database management system that could be sold to multiple customers. Total was the result of this development effort.
On August 20, 1984, President Ronald Reagan called Cincom and Tom Nies "the epitome of entrepreneurial spirit of American business."
The Total solution
At a time when each application program "owned" the data it used, a company often had multiple copies of similar information:
"... people would get five different reports and the inventory balances would say five different things. What were our sales during April? Well, you'd get five different numbers, depending on how you total things up."
The problem was known, and CODASYL's Database Task Group Report wrote about it, as did General Electric and IBM. Cincom's TOTAL "segregated out the programming logic from the application of the database."
Despite IBM being "where the money was," there was still the problem of compatibility between large systems running OS/360 or small systems running DOS/360, so they "implemented 70 to 80 percent of the application programming logic in such a way
that it insulated the user from" whichever they used; some used both.
Thomas Nies and Cincom
From 1968 through the present, Cincom founder Thomas M. Nies has been the longest actively serving CEO in the computer industry, and Cincom Systems was described in 2001 as "a venerable software firm, included in the Smithsonian national museum along with Microsoft as a software pioneer."
Corporate history
1968 to 1969
Convinced that software was a potential profit center, rather than a drain on profits, as was then viewed by IBM management, Thomas M. Nies, left IBM late 1968 and brought
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WUVN
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WUVN (channel 18) is a television station licensed to Hartford, Connecticut, United States, serving the Hartford–New Haven television market as an affiliate of the Spanish-language Univision network. It is owned by Entravision Communications alongside low-power, Class A UniMás affiliate WUTH-CD (channel 47). The two stations share studios at Constitution Plaza in downtown Hartford and transmitter facilities on Birch Mountain Road in Glastonbury, Connecticut.
WUVN operates a low-powered semi-satellite in Springfield, Massachusetts, WHTX-LD (channel 24), which airs the same programming as provided by its parent but airs separate commercial inserts and station identifications. WHTX-LD's transmitter is located on Provin Mountain in the Feeding Hills section of Agawam, Massachusetts; aside from that, it does not maintain any facilities in Springfield or Holyoke. Master control and other internal operations for WHTX-LD are based at WUVN's studios.
History
WUVN is one of the oldest UHF stations in New England. It began operation on October 2, 1954, as WGTH-TV, a primary ABC/secondary DuMont affiliate. The station was initially owned by a partnership of The Hartford Times and General Teleradio, along with WGTH radio (1410 AM, now WPOP), but was sold to CBS in 1956, shortly after Hartford and New Haven were merged into a single market. The station's call letters were changed to WHCT, for "Hartford, Connecticut" (or alternatively, "Hartford Christian Television", during its time as an affiliate for Faith Broadcasting Network).
As a CBS station, WHCT's ratings were low because television sets were not required to have UHF tuners until 1964. Even with a very expensive converter, UHF signals were very unclear at the time. In 1957, Travelers Insurance Company, owners of WTIC-AM-FM, signed on WTIC-TV on channel 3. By 1958, CBS had concluded that it was better to have its programming on a VHF station, even if it was only an affiliate. It moved its Hartford affiliation to WTIC-TV, and sold WHCT to a group led by Edward Taddei, which turned it into an independent station. Channel 3, which is now WFSB, has been Hartford's CBS affiliate ever since then. Two years later, what had become RKO General retook ownership of the station, this time without the involvement of the Times.
As an independent, WHCT's schedule consisted of cartoons, movies, off-network sitcoms and dramas, sports (including New York Mets baseball games), public affairs programming, and religious shows. However, it never really thrived, even with the addition of all-channel tuning. Beginning in 1962, the station ran a subscription television service from 7:00 p.m. to midnight, with first-run movies and sports events from Madison Square Garden. A decade before the 1972 launch of pay cable network HBO, WHCT's programming was an experiment between RKO and Zenith, who provided the "Phonevision" descrambler boxes. WHCT could be seen by all viewers with a UHF tuner and antenna during regular broadcast
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common%20Logic
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Common Logic (CL) is a framework for a family of logic languages, based on first-order logic, intended to facilitate the exchange and transmission of knowledge in computer-based systems.
The CL definition permits and encourages the development of a variety of different syntactic forms, called dialects. A dialect may use any desired syntax, but it must be possible to demonstrate precisely how the concrete syntax of a dialect conforms to the abstract CL semantics, which are based on a model theoretic interpretation. Each dialect may be then treated as a formal language. Once syntactic conformance is established, a dialect gets the CL semantics for free, as they are specified relative to the abstract syntax only, and hence are inherited by any conformant dialect. In addition, all CL dialects are comparable (i.e., can be automatically translated to a common language), although some may be more expressive than others.
In general, a less expressive subset of CL may be translated to a more expressive version of CL, but the reverse translation is only defined on a subset of the larger language.
The ISO Standard
Common Logic is published by ISO as "ISO/IEC 24707:2007 - Information technology — Common Logic (CL): a framework for a family of logic-based languages". It is available for purchase from ISO's catalog, and is freely available from ISO's index of publicly available standards.
The CL Standard includes specifications for three dialects, the Common Logic Interchange Format (CLIF) (Annex A), the Conceptual Graph Interchange Format (CGIF) (Annex B), and an XML-based notation for Common Logic (XCL) (Annex C).
The semantics of these dialects are defined in the Standard by their translation to the abstract syntax and semantics of Common Logic.
Many other logic-based languages could also be defined as subsets of CL by means of similar translations; among them are the RDF and OWL languages, which have been defined by the W3C.
The ISO standard's development began in June 2003 under Working Group 2 (Metadata) of Sub-Committee 32 (Data Interchange) under ISO/IEC JTC1, and was completed in October 2007. A technical corrigendum, correcting some errors in the original standard, is being prepared at the time being.
Implementations
COLORE is a repository of Common Logic Ontologies
Hets supports Common Logic
cltools is a PROLOG library with partial support for Common Logic
See also
Conceptual graph
Knowledge Interchange Format (KIF)
Knowledge representation languages
References
Knowledge representation languages
ISO standards
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%205th%20Wave%20%28comic%20strip%29
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The 5th Wave is a weekly gag cartoon by Rich Tennant, published on Sundays. Started in 1981, the comic usually deals with computers and technology. Tennant's cartoons regularly appear in the For Dummies book series, and have appeared in PC Magazine and Computerworld, a magazine for which he worked from 1987 to 1999. Like most gag cartoons, Tennant's comics have no continuity, no recurring characters, and no storylines that continue into the next week.
The name of the comic comes from Future Shock by Alvin Toffler. In this book, societies are listed in waves, e.g., the Agricultural Age is the First Wave, the Industrial Age is the Second Wave, and the Information Age is the Third Wave. Tennant wanted to call his comic The Fourth Wave, but "through a series of missteps and miscommunications", it was first published in a newspaper under the title The 5th Wave, and the name stuck.
See also
User Friendly, a character-oriented comic that also heavily features technical humor
References
External links
The 5th Wave at the Washington Post FAQ
1981 comics debuts
Computer humor
Workplace comics
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh%20Ross
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Hugh Ross may refer to:
Hugh Ross (musician) (c. 1898–1990), American choral director and conductor
Hugh McGregor Ross (1917–2014), computing pioneer and specialist in the Gospel of Thomas
Hugh Ross (Australian politician) (1846–1912), New South Wales Labor politician
Hugh Ross (Northern Ireland politician) (born c. 1944), Northern Ireland Presbyterian minister and member of the Orange Order
Hugh Ross (astrophysicist) (born 1945), astrophysicist and Christian apologist
Hugh Ross (actor) (born 1945), Scottish actor
Hugh Ross (bridge) (1937–2017), American contract bridge player
Hugh Ross (editor), film and television editor and voice actor
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A-10%20Cuba%21
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A-10 Cuba! is a flight simulator computer game developed by Parsoft Interactive and published by Activision in 1996 for Windows and Mac. The game was a sequel to the Mac-exclusive A-10 Attack!. A third game in the series, titled A-10 Gulf!, was slated for release in 1997 but later cancelled.
Gameplay
It features an A-10 Thunderbolt II on a mission to defeat guerrilla forces at Guantánamo Bay, Cuba. As in most war flight simulator games, the main objectives contain defending an airbase, destroying ships, bridges, tanks or buildings and escorting other aircraft.
A-10 Cuba! was the long-awaited sequel to the original A-10 Attack! flight simulator. A-10 Cuba! had the same impressive flight model as its predecessor, except the graphics had become significantly more detailed and thus required a computer with a bit more power. Graphical and other improvements included tire smoke when landing or skidding, runway taxi-way lighting, the Air Combat Command insignia on most U.S. aircraft, increased number of polygons (making objects appear much more round than they appeared in A-10 Attack!), and weapon damage was significantly upgraded (increased realism) and ground vehicle physics were more realistic. However, the Windows version lacked the comprehensive mission editor and map view available in both the Macintosh version and in A-10 Attack!.
A-10 Cuba! has four practice levels, Take off, Landing, Air to Ground, and Air to Air. Each training level takes place in the desert area of the game.
Reception
The game received mixed reviews upon release. Its simple but high performing graphics were praised while its documentation and features were found lacking. Macworlds Michael Gowan wrote that the game features "the best flight modeling of any Mac flight sim". Although he found the game somewhat inferior to F/A-18 Korea, he summarized that A-10 Cuba! "offers great game play, varied missions, and rough-and-tumble network play."
See also
A-10 Tank Killer (1989/90)
A-10 Attack! (1995)
Silent Thunder: A-10 Tank Killer II (1996)
References
External links
A-10 Cuba! Review
1996 video games
Combat flight simulators
Windows games
Classic Mac OS games
Video games set in Cuba
Cold War video games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Video games developed in the United States
Parsoft Interactive games
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Television%20Hokkaido
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is a TV station headquartered in Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan, and is affiliated with the TX Network. TVh started broadcasting in 1989. Nikkei, Inc. is the biggest shareholder of TVh.
Transmitters
JOHI-TV has a total of 77 transmitters, including the following:
TVh did not possess analog transmitters at Kushiro, Obihiro and Abashimi, as those stations began broadcasting in the second half of 2011, after the conclusion of analog broadcasts.
Offices
Headquarters - 6-12-4, Odori-higashi, Chūō-ku, Sapporo
Tokyo office - Hashizen Building, Shinbashi, Minato, Tokyo
Osaka office - Sakurabashi Yachio Building, 2-5-6, Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka
References
External links
テレビ北海道 , TV Hokkaido official website
Hokkaido
Television stations in Japan
TX Network
Television channels and stations established in 1989
Mass media in Sapporo
Nikkei Inc.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TNA%20Wrestling%20Impact%21
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TNA Wrestling Impact! (styled TNA Wrestling iMPACT!) is a mobile professional wrestling video game released by Namco Networks in 2011. It is based on the professional wrestling promotion Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). Unlike TNA Wrestling, the previous mobile game based on TNA, TNA Wrestling Impact features 3D graphics and is more action-oriented than its predecessor. The game was released for both iOS and Android devices. The game has received mixed reviews, with criticism directed at the game's presentation and controls. It is no longer available for download on the iTunes App Store or Google Play Store.
Gameplay
The game made use of the touch screen of iOS and Android devices by providing a virtual control pad for movement and three buttons for grapples, attacks and other in-ring actions. The actions that were available to the player were determined by the current in-ring situation - for example, pressing the attack button near a downed wrestler resulted in a stomp to the opponent's closest body part. The game also featured an option that allowed players to create an original wrestler.
Players could enter career mode to contend for one of three TNA titles: the TNA World Heavyweight Championship, the TNA X Division Championship or the TNA World Tag Team Championship. Match types included cage matches and submission matches.
Reception
The iOS version received "mixed" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. Harry Slater of Pocket Gamer criticized the pace as well as the repetitiveness of the game, but described the game as fun and as a good representation of pro wrestling as a whole.
See also
List of licensed wrestling video games
References
External links
Bandai Namco games
2011 video games
2011 in professional wrestling
Android (operating system) games
Impact Wrestling video games
IOS games
Video games developed in the United States
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPECfp
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SPECfp is a computer benchmark designed to test the floating-point performance of a computer. It is managed by the Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation. SPECfp is the floating-point performance testing component of the SPEC CPU testing suit. The first standard SPECfp was released in 1989 as SPECfp89. Later it was replaced by SPECfp92, then SPECfp95, then SPECfp2000, then SPECfp2006, and finally SPECfp2017.
Background
SPEC CPU2017 is a suite of benchmark applications designed to test the CPU performance. The suite is composed of two sets of tests. The first being CINT (aka SPECint) which is for evaluating the CPU performance in integer operations. The second set is CFP (aka SPECfp) which is for evaluating the CPU floating-point operations performance.
The benchmark applications are programs that perform a strict set of operation that simulate real time situations, such as physical simulations, 3D graphics, and image processing. These applications are written in different programming languages, C, C++ and Fortran. Many SPECfp benchmark applications are derived from applications that are freely available to the public and each application is assigned a weight based on its importance.
To compute the SPECfp score, benchmark applications run on a reference machine and the time each application requires for completion is recorded as the reference time. When evaluating the performance of another machine, the benchmark application is run on that system and the time the application requires for completion is recorded. Then the ratio between the recorded time and the reference time is computed. The geometric mean of all the benchmark suite application ratios is then computed as the SPECfp score.
For example, 126.gcc application takes 1280 seconds to complete on the AlphaStation 200 4/100, while it takes 1700 seconds on the reference machine. So, the ratio is: 1700/1280 = 1.328, which implies that AlphaStation 200 4/100 is 32.8% faster than the reference machine in running the 126.gcc.
SPECfp2017
The SPECfp2017 test is organized in 2 suites: SPECrate 2017 Floating Point and SPECspeed 2017 Floating Point containing in total 23 benchmark programs, designed to evaluate the floating-point operations performance of a given system. The suite was released on June 2, 2017 replacing SPECfp2006 as of January 2018.
SPECfp2006
The SPECfp2006 test suite contains 17 benchmark programs, designed to evaluate the floating-point operations performance of a given system. Three of these programs are written in C, four are written in C++, six are written in Fortran, and four are written in both C and Fortran. The suite was released on August 24, 2006 replacing SPECfp2000 as of February 2007.
Benchmarks
The benchmark programs are:
SPECfp2000
The SPECfp2000 test suite contains 14 benchmark programs, designed to evaluate the floating-point operations performance of a given system. Four of these programs are written in C, six are written in Fortran 77, and four
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ODT
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The term ODT can refer to several things, among them:
Computing
.ODT, the word processing file format of OpenDocument, an open standard for electronic documents
On-line Debugging Tool, a debugger used by certain software from Digital Equipment Corporation
Oracle Corporation's Oracle Developer Tools
Microsoft Office's Office Deployment Tool, a command-line tool used to deploy the click-to-run versions of Office
Media/Entertainment
Otago Daily Times, New Zealand's second oldest daily newspaper
O.D.T., Or Die Trying, is a video game created by Psygnosis for the PlayStation and PC
Other uses
Order-disorder transition
Orally disintegrating tablet (or orally dissolving tablet), a pill that "melts" on contact with saliva
Omnidirectional treadmill, a treadmill which can convey objects in two dimensions
On Die Termination, a technique to reduce bounce back of electrical signals on high speed electrical connections
Dvorak technique, also known as Objective Dvorak Technique, a technique used to estimate the strength of a tropical cyclone
Olympic Discovery Trail, a multi-use trail spanning the north end of the Olympic Peninsula in Washington
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maine%20Public%20Broadcasting%20Network
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The Maine Public Broadcasting Network (abbreviated MPBN and branded as Maine Public) is a state network of public television and radio stations located in the U.S. state of Maine. It is operated by the Maine Public Broadcasting Corporation, which holds the licenses for all the PBS and NPR stations licensed in the state. MPBN has studios and offices in Portland, Lewiston and Bangor.
MPBN's television network shows a block of standard PBS programming, as well as many documentaries including nature programs and other science programs. MPBN's radio network airs news and talk programming from NPR, locally produced news programming, jazz and classical music.
MPBN's television and radio signals reach virtually all of the populated portions of Maine, and nearby parts of New Hampshire and Massachusetts as well as the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec. MPBN Television is also carried on cable television in parts of Quebec and most of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland and Labrador, particularly via Bell Aliant Fibe TV.
History
What is now Maine Public dates from the 1992 merger of WCBB, the PBS member station for most of southern Maine, with the original MPBN radio and television stations operated by the University of Maine System.
On November 13, 1961, WCBB signed on the air, based in Lewiston, as the first educational television station in Maine and the third in New England, after WGBH-TV in Boston and WENH-TV in Durham, New Hampshire. Licensed to Augusta, it was a joint venture of Colby College, Bates College, and Bowdoin College. Two years later, WMEB-TV began broadcasting from the University of Maine campus in Orono, near Bangor. Over the next decade, UMaine signed on three other stations across the state, as well as several translators. These stations formed the original MPBN network. One of them was WMEG-TV in Biddeford, near Portland (now WMEA-TV). However, it was practically unviewable over the air in Portland itself and mainly served communities from South Portland to York. The coverage area was improved when the station moved its digital channel on March 11, 2020.
The University of Maine System brought public radio to the state in 1970, when WMEH signed on from Bangor. Five other stations signed on over the next decade.
The two groups merged on July 1, 1992, to form the community-licensed Maine Public Broadcasting Corporation. MPBN's Bangor stations, WMEB-TV and WMEH (FM), became the flagship stations. The television stations adopted the on-air name "Maine Public Television", but dropped this in favor of "Maine PBS" in 1998. The radio stations became known as "Maine Public Radio". In 2005, both radio and television reverted to the "MPBN" moniker. On September 20, 2016, MPBN rebranded as "Maine Public".
Following the merger, WMEA-TV became the flagship station for a secondary PBS service, Maine Public Television Plus; unlike the main network, this service expanded its over-the-air reach throug
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biography%20%28TV%20program%29
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Biography is an American documentary television series and media franchise created in the 1960s by David L. Wolper and owned by A&E Networks since 1987. Each episode depicts the life of a notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock footage. The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, and in 1979, on A&E from 1987 to 2006, and on The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 to 2012. After a five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in 2017. Over the years, the Biography media franchise has expanded domestically and internationally, spinning off several cable television channels, a website, a children's program, a line of books and records, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, among other media properties. Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).
Biography began as an early 1960s syndicated television series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Wallace. It won a Peabody Award, launched Wallace's journalism career, and became a standard in biography films, widely shown in classrooms. After a one-year revival in 1979, the show returned on A&E Networks in 1987. In 1990, A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded the show into a multimedia franchise. By the turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, winning three Emmy Awards, growing from one night per week to seven, and spawning its own cable television channel, several spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a board game. The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night per week, then exclusive to The Biography Channel (now FYI). Production of new episodes ceased in 2011 and Biography was almost entirely off the air by 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with a series of TV specials and miniseries. As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Story Television.
History
Syndicated series
The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. and narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was just beginning his award-winning journalism career. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a half hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.
Production began in 1961 and the show was distributed in syndication by Official Films, premiering in February 1962. The 1960s series profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S. politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, actors, and all the modern U.S. Presidents.
The program became popular in syndication, and in 1962, won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of several for both Wolper and Wallace. Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and in 1963, he left to join The
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aces%20of%20the%20Pacific
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Aces of the Pacific is a combat flight simulation game developed by Dynamix for MS-DOS compatible operating systems and published by Sierra On-Line in 1992. The game takes place during World War II. Players can choose a single mission or a career path in United States Army Air Forces, United States Navy, United States Marines, Imperial Japanese Army, or Imperial Japanese Navy. Dynamix followed-up the game with Aces Over Europe in 1993.
An Amiga version of Aces of the Pacific was previewed but not released.
Gameplay
Aces of the Pacific features various warplanes of the World War II era, such as the F6F Hellcat and the Zero. The game includes historical missions, should the player choose to play them during the course of their career or as a single mission. Historical missions include the Japanese Navy's surprise Attack on Pearl Harbor, defense of Pearl Harbor by a handful of Army Air Corps P-40 Warhawks based at Wheeler Field, fighter/bomber combat during the Battle of Midway, the Battle of Leyte Gulf, the Battle of Coral Sea, and the mission to shoot down Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto after deciphering Japanese messages of his scheduled plans to visit island bases.
Numerous World War II aces make an appearance in the game, and the player can fly either with or against them through the course of their career. Dick Bong, Thomas McGuire, David McCampbell, Joe Foss, and Pappy Boyington are some of the American aces that appear in the game. Accomplished aces of the Imperial Japanese Navy such as Hiroyoshi Nishizawa, Tetsuzō Iwamoto, and Saburo Sakai also take to the skies of the Pacific.
If the 1946 Expansion Pack is installed, at the end of the war, the player may choose to continue in an alternate history in which atomic bombs were never used on Japan. The game calls the campaign Operation Coronet, the planned invasion of Japan. This extra campaign contains numerous prototype aircraft that were developed before the war's end but never saw combat in World War II.
Reception
Aces of the Pacific was a commercial hit, with sales of 350,000 units.
Computer Gaming Worlds Doug Fick in September 1992 called Aces of the Pacific "simultaneously awesome and disappointing." The reviewer praised the graphics, documentation, and gameplay, but found that even a fast computer could not run the software with sufficient performance, the AI enemies and sound were inferior to those of Red Baron, and that aircraft performance was unrealistic. He concluded that "Aces of the Pacific is 80% 'battle-ready'" and hoped that the developer would "provide that extra 20%." In December, Fick reported that Dynamix had significantly improved performance without sacrificing graphics, and also improved opponents' AI, sound, and aircraft realism. He concluded that "as updated, Aces of the Pacific lives up to its tremendous advanced billing and is now superior to Red Baron." In March 1993 Fick reported that he enjoyed the WWII: 1946 expansion disk, but wished that it included a missio
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beilstein%20database
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The Beilstein database is the largest database in the field of organic chemistry, in which compounds are uniquely identified by their Beilstein Registry Number. The database covers the scientific literature from 1771 to the present and contains experimentally validated information on millions of chemical reactions and substances from original scientific publications. The electronic database was created from Handbuch der Organischen Chemie (Beilstein's Handbook of Organic Chemistry), founded by Friedrich Konrad Beilstein in 1881, but has appeared online under a number of different names, including Crossfire Beilstein. Since 2009, the content has been maintained and distributed by Elsevier Information Systems in Frankfurt under the product name "Reaxys".
The database contains information on reactions, substances, structures and properties. Up to 350 fields containing chemical and physical data (such as melting point, refractive index etc.) are available for each substance. References to the literature in which the reaction or substance data appear are also given.
The Beilstein content made available through Reaxys is complemented by information drawn from Gmelin (which gives access to the Gmelin Database), a very large repository of organometallic and inorganic information, as well as by information drawn from the Patent Chemistry Database. The Reaxys registered trademark and the database itself are owned and protected by Elsevier Properties SA and used under license.
History
Beilstein was founded as German-language standard reference work for organic chemistry was intended to supplement the content of the Chemisches Zentralblatt. In light of the leading role of German chemistry in international science, Beilstein's handbook quickly became renowned as a standard reference throughout the world. The first edition of his "Handbuch der organischen Chemie" appeared in two volumes in 1881 and 1883, referencing 15,000 compounds in about 2,200 pages. The second edition appeared in three volumes from 1885 to 1889 and 4,080 pages, and from 1892 to 1899 came the third edition in 4 volumes and 6,844 pages. In 1896, the continuation of the handbook was placed in the care of the German Chemical Society, which first published the supplementary volumes of the 3rd edition and, from 1918, the fourth edition. Starting with the 5th supplement, following the superseding of German by English as most relevant scientific language, the handbook appeared in English.
In popular culture
Isaac Asimov's short story "What's in a Name?" (1956) introduced the Beilstein Handbook of Organic Chemistry as an important plot element.
See also
Dortmund Data Bank
List of academic databases and search engines
References
Chemical databases
Organic chemistry
Bibliographic databases and indexes
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Frankfurt%20U-Bahn%20stations
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The following list is of all 86 stations on the Frankfurt U-Bahn. The Frankfurt U-Bahn network consists of nine lines operating on of route.
Legend
Boldface: Terminus station
List
References
External links
Frankfurt
Frankfurt U-Bahn
Transport in Frankfurt
Frankfurt U-Bahn
Rail
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosetta%20Stone%20%28software%29
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Rosetta Stone Language Learning is proprietary, computer-assisted language learning (CALL) software published by Rosetta Stone Inc, part of the IXL Learning family of products. The software uses images, text, and sound to teach words and grammar by spaced repetition, without translation. Rosetta Stone calls its approach Dynamic Immersion.
The software's name and logo allude to the ancient stone slab of the same name on which the Decree of Memphis is inscribed in three writing systems.
IXL Learning acquired Rosetta Stone in March 2021.
Dynamic Immersion
In a Rosetta Stone Language Learning exercise, the learner pairs sound or text to one of several images. The number of images per screen varies.
For example, the software shows the learner four photographs. A native speaker makes a statement that describes one of the photographs, and the statement is printed on the screen; the learner chooses the photograph that the speaker described. In another variation, the learner completes a textual description of a photograph.
In writing exercises, the software provides an on-screen keyboard for the user to type characters that are not in the Latin alphabet or accents that may not be in their native language.
Grammar lessons cover grammatical tense and grammatical mood. In grammar lessons, the program firstly shows the learner several examples of a grammatical concept, and in some levels, the word or words the learner should focus on are highlighted. Then the learner is given a sentence with several options for a word or phrase, and the learner chooses the correct option.
If the learner has a microphone, the software will evaluate word pronunciation using the embedded speech recognition engine, TrueAccent.
Each unit contains reviews of the content in those lessons, and each unit concludes with a Milestone activity, which is a simulated conversation that covers the content of the unit.
Scoring
The program immediately informs the learner whether the answer is right or wrong. Through the Preferences screen, the learner can choose whether a sound is played or not when an answer is clicked. At the bottom of the window, the program shows all the screens for the current lesson. If all answers for that screen are correct, the button for that screen turns green. If some answers are correct, the border of the button turns green, but the screen number itself turns orange. If all answers for a screen are wrong, the button turns orange. This applies to all lessons except review and Milestone lessons, which are treated as tests. In those lessons, the buttons for each screen all remain clear. In all lessons, there is a button that can be hovered over to display how many answers are correct, incorrect, or have not been answered. Each time an answer is clicked, one point is given. At the end of the lesson, the total number of correct, wrong or skipped answers is shown alongside the percentage of correct answers for that lesson. If too many questions were answered inc
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Installer%20VISE
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Installer VISE was an installer maker that supported Mac OS 9, Mac OS X, and Windows by MindVision Software.
Steve Kiene, the founder of MindVision, had done software work in the area of data compression, producing the Application VISE executable compressor for the Mac platform and a disk compression software implementation; the latter was released as Stacker after having been acquired by Stac Electronics. Installer VISE (which was first called Developer VISE) initially arose from some add-on software extensions that Kiene had developed for use with the Installer software from Apple.
Originally created Mac-only, Installer VISE was one of the most popular installer makers for the platform around 2006 given its visual interface that made the software easy to use by nontechnical persons in addition to its extensive features. However, its popularity has waned on Mac OS X. VISE X, an installer maker designed to produce installers specifically for installing Mac OS X software, was released by MindVision Software in 2003.
Quietly, without any press release, MindVision Software was acquired by Digital River in 2006. As of 2020, the software company seems to have closed down and the website is pointing to an e-commerce solution developed by Digital River, MyCommerce.
See also
List of installation software
References
External links
Installation software
Classic Mac OS software
Utilities for macOS
Utilities for Windows
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alnus%20subcordata
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Alnus subcordata, the Caucasian alder, is a species in the family Betulaceae, native to Hyrcanian forests of Iran and the Caucasus. It is closely related to the Italian alder (A. cordata) and Alnus orientalis.
It is a deciduous tree growing to 15–25 m tall, with similar glossy green cordate leaves 5–15 cm long. The flowers are catkins, the male catkins very slender, 8–15 cm long, the female catkins small, maturing into a woody cone-like fruit 2–3 cm long containing numerous small winged seeds.
Two varieties have been recorded:
Alnus subcordata var. subcordata C.A. Mey.
Alnus subcordata var. villosa (Regel) H.J.P.Winkl
Uses
It is a commercially valuable species with "widespread application in timber and furniture industries". It has a calorific value of about 4.6 cal/g.
References
subcordata
Flora of the Caucasus
Trees of Western Asia
Trees of Azerbaijan
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachid%20Belkacem
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Rachid Belkacem (1973 – July 5, 2006) was a Dutch national, and a suspected member of the terrorist organisation Hofstad Network. He was never convicted in court. His nickname was Abu Fadel, he was a friend of Mohammed Bouyeri, the murderer of Dutch filmmaker Theo van Gogh.
Belkacem was arrested in Whitechapel, London on 22 June 2005 on request of the Dutch authorities. Belkacems name arose in an investigation about people smuggling in the Dutch province of Zeeland. He was extradited on 2 August 2005. He was charged with being a member of a terrorist organisation. In addition he was charged with recruiting for armed struggle, several firearms offences and forging documents. Belkacem allegedly helped Redouan al-Issar, spiritual leader of the Hofstad Network, flee the Netherlands on the day of the murder of Theo van Gogh.
Belkacem was released provisionally in March 2006, because the public prosecutor deemed an eventual conviction for membership of a terrorist organisation highly unlikely. In April he was acquitted of the illegal possession of a firearm.
In July 2006, Belkacem was found dead in his house in Zierikzee. Friends and family claimed he was poisoned. Police investigated the circumstances of his death.
In August 2008, Belkacem's mother was remarried to his then significant other.
References
Dutch Islamists
Islamic terrorism in the Netherlands
Hofstad Network
Dutch people of Moroccan descent
Dutch prisoners and detainees
Prisoners and detainees of the Netherlands
Muslims with branch missing
2006 deaths
1973 births
People extradited from the United Kingdom
People extradited to the Netherlands
People imprisoned on charges of terrorism
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrow%20%28computer%20science%29
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In computer science, arrows or bolts are a type class used in programming to describe computations in a pure and declarative fashion. First proposed by computer scientist John Hughes as a generalization of monads, arrows provide a referentially transparent way of expressing relationships between logical steps in a computation. Unlike monads, arrows don't limit steps to having one and only one input. As a result, they have found use in functional reactive programming, point-free programming, and parsers among other applications.
Motivation and history
While arrows were in use before being recognized as a distinct class, it wasn't until 2000 that John Hughes first published research focusing on them. Until then, monads had proven sufficient for most problems requiring the combination of program logic in pure code. However, some useful libraries, such as the Fudgets library for graphical user interfaces and certain efficient parsers, defied rewriting in a monadic form.
The formal concept of arrows was developed to explain these exceptions to monadic code, and in the process, monads themselves turned out to be a subset of arrows. Since then, arrows have been an active area of research. Their underlying laws and operations have been refined several times, with recent formulations such as arrow calculus requiring only five laws.
Relation to category theory
In category theory, the Kleisli categories of all monads form a proper subset of Hughes arrows. While Freyd categories were believed to be equivalent to arrows for a time, it has since been proven that arrows are even more general. In fact, arrows are not merely equivalent, but directly equal to enriched Freyd categories.
Definition
Like all type classes, arrows can be thought of as a set of qualities that can be applied to any data type. In the Haskell programming language, arrows allow functions (represented in Haskell by -> symbol) to combine in a reified form. However, the actual term "arrow" may also come from the fact that some (but not all) arrows correspond to the morphisms (also known as "arrows" in category theory) of different Kleisli categories. As a relatively new concept, there is not a single, standard definition, but all formulations are logically equivalent, feature some required methods, and strictly obey certain mathematical laws.
Functions
The description currently used by the Haskell standard libraries requires only three basic operations:
A type constructor that takes functions from any type to another , and lifts those functions into an arrow between the two types.
arr (s -> t) -> A s t
A piping method that takes an arrow between two types and converts it into an arrow between tuples. The first elements in the tuples represent the portion of the input and output that is altered, while the second elements are a third type describing an unaltered portion that bypasses the computation.
first (A s t) -> A (s,u) (t,u)
As all arrows must be categor
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryan%20North
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Ryan North (born October 20, 1980) is a Canadian writer and computer programmer.
He is the creator and author of Dinosaur Comics, and has written for the comic series of Adventure Time and Marvel Comics' The Unbeatable Squirrel Girl. His works have won multiple Eisner Awards and Harvey Awards and made New York Times Bestseller lists.
Comics
Webcomics
North started the webcomic Dinosaur Comics in 2003, during the last year of his undergraduate degree. Dinosaur Comics is a fixed-art webcomic which uses the same base art for every strip. North has produced over 3,500 strips.
Dinosaur Comics was named one of the best webcomics of 2004 and 2005 by The Webcomics Examiner. Wired listed Dinosaur Comics as one of "Five Webcomics You Can Share With Your Kids" and PC Magazine included the comic in its "10 Wicked Awesome Webcomics" list. Cracked.com named Dinosaur Comics one of the 8 funniest webcomics on the internet. In 2005, it won "Outstanding Anthropomorphic Comic" in the Web Cartoonists' Choice Awards.
As well as Dinosaur Comics, North also created Whispered Apologies, a site where users could submit comic art without text and others would write text to match the art.
Canada's The Globe and Mail described North as a "pioneering webcomic creator".
Printed comics and graphic novels
North was the writer of the Adventure Time comic book series from 2012 to 2014. In 2013 the series won an Eisner Award (Best Publication for Kids) and a Harvey Award (Best Original Graphic Publication For Younger Readers).
North has written for several Marvel Comics series, including The Unbeatable Squirrel Girl, Power Pack, and Inhumans: Once and Future Kings.
On January 21, 2013, Shiftylook.com launched Galaga, a comic written by North and illustrated by Christopher Hastings and colored by Anthony Clark, the creators of The Adventures of Dr. McNinja. The comic is based on the 1981 arcade shooter of the same name.
On July 21, 2017, two of North's projects were awarded Eisner Awards: "Best Publication for Teens (ages 13-17)" for The Unbeatable Squirrel Girl (with Erica Henderson), and "Best Humor Publication" for Jughead (with Chip Zdarsky, Henderson, and Derek Charm).
On September 15, 2020, Archaia published a graphic novel adaptation of Kurt Vonnegut's Slaughterhouse-Five, which was adapted by North and illustrated by Albert Monteys.
In July 2022, North announced two upcoming comics projects via his newsletter. The first is Star Trek: Lower Decks —a limited series based on the animated series of the same name—with artist Chris Fenoglio; the first issue is scheduled to be published in September 2022 by IDW Publishing. The second is a YA graphic novel, titled Danger and Other Unknown Risks, with artist Henderson; North and Henderson were co-creators on Squirrel Girl. This graphic novel is described as a "dystopian fantasy" and is scheduled to be published in April 2023 by Penguin Teen.
In November 2022, North launched a new volume of Fantastic Four with artist
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WRSP-TV
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WRSP-TV (channel 55) is a television station licensed to Springfield, Illinois, United States, affiliated with the Fox network. It is owned by GOCOM Media, LLC, alongside Decatur-licensed CW affiliate WBUI (channel 23). GOCOM maintains joint sales and shared services agreements (JSA/SSA) with the Sinclair Broadcast Group, owner of Springfield-licensed ABC affiliate WICS, channel 20 (and its semi-satellite, Champaign-licensed WICD, channel 15), for the provision of certain services. WRSP's transmitter is located west of Mechanicsburg, in unincorporated Sangamon County; the station shares studios with WBUI and WICS on East Cook Street in Springfield's Eastside. However, WBUI also operates an advertising sales office on South Main Street/US 51 in downtown Decatur.
WCCU (channel 27) in Urbana–Champaign operates as a semi-satellite of WRSP for the eastern portion of the Central Illinois market, including Danville. As such, it clears all network and syndicated programming from its parent but airs separate local commercial inserts and legal identifications. WCCU's transmitter is located northeast of Homer, along the Vermilion–Champaign county line; it shares studios with WICD on South Country Fair Drive in downtown Champaign.
History
What is now WRSP signed on June 1, 1979, as WBHW, a religious independent (the call letters stood for "We Believe His Word"). It aired an analog signal on UHF channel 55 and was built by the Windmill Broadcasting Company, which had received the construction permit in September 1978. It was the first new commercial station in the market (not counting satellite stations) since WCIA launched back in 1953. On November 24, 1982, it was sold to new owners who changed the call letters to WRSP-TV and turned it into the area's first general entertainment independent.
In the winter of 1985, WRSP announced it would join the upstart Fox network the following year. As part of the agreement, on February 19, 1986, it added full-time satellite WCCU in Urbana, with an analog signal on UHF channel 27. Both stations began transmitting digital signals in mid-2000 with programming from Fox in high definition. It eventually introduced a new website based on the "My Fox" owned-and-operated station platform licensed from News Corporation Interactive.
On June 20, 2007, GOCOM Media announced its intent to purchase WBUI from ACME Communications. The sale was approved on September 14 by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), which allowed GOCOM to buy WBUI under a "failed station" waiver to its duopoly rules. The Central Illinois market already had one duopoly, Nexstar Broadcasting Group's WCIA and WCFN, and under normal conditions there wouldn't have been enough unique station owners to allow a second duopoly.
However, ACME claimed it was losing money on WBUI and could not find a buyer that did not require a duopoly waiver. The sale to GOCOM Media officially closed on October 25, 2007. At that point, WBUI consolidated its operations from i
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow%20College
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Snow College is a public community college in Ephraim, Utah. It offers certificates and associate degrees along with bachelor's degrees in music, software engineering, and nursing. Snow College is part of the Utah System of Higher Education.
History
Founded in 1888 by local citizens as Sanpete Stake Academy, the school was later renamed Snow Academy to honor Lorenzo Snow and Erastus Snow, distant cousins who were leaders in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). The initial school was built entirely with local donations, including "Sunday Eggs" (the proceeds from the sales of all eggs laid on Sunday). It is one of the oldest junior colleges west of the Mississippi. In 1917, the academy era ended and the school became Snow Normal College. In 1922, officials renamed the school Snow Junior College only to change it one year later to Snow College. The college was transferred from The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints to the state of Utah in 1931.
In addition to the main Ephraim campus, Snow College maintains the Snow College Richfield Campus in Richfield, Utah.
The Utah State Board of Regents granted permission in 2016 for Snow College to offer a bachelor's degree in software engineering. Snow College, as of 2018–2019, offers bachelor's degrees in commercial music and software engineering.
Academics
The college offers associate degrees and certificates. It also offers bachelor's degrees in software engineering and commercial music.
The Horne School of Music has been an accredited member of the National Association of Schools of Music since 1997 and is also an All Steinway School. Snow hosts a number of music camps held annually. In 2012, the Horne School of Music began offering the first baccalaureate program in the history of the college, a Bachelor of Music degree in Commercial Music.
The theatre arts program at Snow College is accredited by the National Association of Schools of Theatre and is affiliated with the Juilliard Drama Division. It regularly produces five major productions each year as well as a student produced season of Black Box productions and a summer program featuring instructors from the Juilliard Drama Division.
Athletics
Snow College athletic teams, known as the Badgers, are consistently highly ranked; its football team went undefeated and won the National Junior College Championship in 1985, with the team inducted into the NJCAA Hall of Fame in 2010, and finished #2 in 2006. Along with football, Snow College participates in women's volleyball, men's and women's soccer, men's and women's basketball, men's and women's wrestling, softball, and rodeo.
Notable alumni
Matt Asiata, professional football player
Kapri Bibbs, professional football player
Garett Bolles, professional football player
Aaron Boone, professional football player
Josh Burkman, professional MMA fighter
Land Clark, professional football player referee
Spencer Cox, current Republican Governor of Utah.
Kevin Curt
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KCRG-TV
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KCRG-TV (channel 9) is a television station licensed to Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United States, serving Eastern Iowa as an affiliate of ABC, MyNetworkTV, and The CW. Owned by Gray Television, the station has studios on Second Avenue Southeast in downtown Cedar Rapids, and its transmitter is located near Walker, Iowa.
History
During the late 1940s, the Cedar Rapids Gazette, then-owners of KCRG (1600 AM), filed an application with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for a TV station license. At the time, the FCC had a backlog of over 200 applications and had decided not to proceed with action on further applications until the backlogged requests could be filled.
After the backlog was cleared, many applications were filed for licenses. The Gazette Company did not want to compete for a license and decided to withdraw the initial application. Instead, it joined with a number of other investors as Cedar Rapids Television Company (CRTV), which was granted a license for channel 9. The station began broadcasting October 15, 1953.
Initially, the station was known as KCRI-TV because the other investors did not want the new television station so closely identified with the Gazette newspaper. The radio station also took the KCRI call sign because one of the television station's managers suggested that every mention of "KCRG" on-air was a promotion for the newspaper—one for which the Gazette would have to pay each time. After about a year of operation, the Gazette bought out its partners in CRTV and the station was renamed KCRG-TV in 1954.
From 1954 to 2015, the station remained under the ownership of Gazette Communications, which was renamed the SourceMedia Group in mid-2010. After the 1996 sale of WHO-TV in Des Moines, KCRG-TV was the only locally owned and operated television station left in Iowa. KCRG started broadcasting in high-definition television in January 2003. The station also had the first news helicopter in Iowa, "NewsCopter 9".
KCRG's broadcasts became digital-only, effective June 12, 2009. The station had attempted to convert on February 17, 2009 with the majority of other Cedar Rapids stations, but the FCC requested they maintain one analog commercial network signal for the market for the remaining four months. Upon KCRG-TV's digital transition completion in June 2009, the "KCRG-TV" callsign was legally transferred from the now-defunct analog channel 9 to the new digital channel 9, with the "KCRG-DT" callsign being permanently discontinued.
In September 2015, Atlanta-based Gray Television and Gazette Communications announced they had an agreement where Gray Television would buy KCRG-TV for $100 million, with the transfer taking place on October 1. The sale was completed on November 1.
KCRG became a sister to KWQC-TV in nearby Davenport after Gray purchased the NBC affiliate as a condition of its owner, Media General, merging with Nexstar Broadcasting Group (now Nexstar Media Group), parent of rival WHBF-TV. In 2019, Ottumwa station K
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remake%20%28novel%29
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Remake is a 1995 science fiction novel by Connie Willis. It was nominated for the Hugo Award for Best Novel in 1996.
The book displays a dystopic near future, when computer animation and sampling have reduced the movie industry to software manipulation.
References
External links
Remake at Worlds Without End
1995 American novels
1995 science fiction novels
American science fiction novels
Novels by Connie Willis
Dystopian novels
Novels about actors
Hollywood novels
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gish%20%28disambiguation%29
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Gish is an album by the Smashing Pumpkins.
Gish may also refer to:
Gish (surname)
Gish (video game), an action computer game
Gish station, a light-rail station in San Jose, California
Great Gish, war god of the Kafir people of Hindu Kush
GISH, an annual international scavenger hunt, formerly known as GISHWHES
Use of the Gish gallop or gishing tactic in debate
See also
Gish Jen (born 1956), American writer
Gish Abay, an Ethiopian town
Gish Bar Patera, a crater on Jupiter's moon Io
Kiş (disambiguation)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chudnovsky
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Chudnovsky is an Ashkenazi Jewish surname of Ukrainian origin (meaning "from/born in Chudnov"). It may refer to
Chudnovsky brothers, David and Gregory, mathematicians
Chudnovsky algorithm is a fast method for calculating the digits of
David Chudnovsky (politician) in Canada
Maria Chudnovsky, mathematician
Chudnofsky, the main villain of The Green Hornet (2011 film)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XLA
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XLA may refer to:
XLA (singer) (born 1981), Canadian indie singer
XLA (Accelerated Linear Algebra), a domain-specific compiler for linear algebra that can accelerate TensorFlow models
.xla, a file format for Microsoft Excel add-ins
X-linked agammaglobulinemia, an immune deficiency
Xbox Live Avatar, a character representing a user of the Xbox video game consoles
Xin Los Angeles, a 2006 container ship registered in Hong Kong
Dow XLA elastic fiber, a marketing name for Lastol
X-stem Logic Alphabet
XLA, the ICAO three letter callsign of former airline XL Airways UK
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin%20Rosenbaum
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Benjamin Rosenbaum (born August 23, 1969) is an American science fiction, fantasy, and literary fiction writer and computer programmer, whose stories have been finalists for the Hugo Award, the Nebula Award, the Theodore Sturgeon Award, the BSFA award, and the World Fantasy Award.
Career
Born in New York City but raised in Arlington, Virginia, Rosenbaum received degrees in computer science and religious studies from Brown University.
His past software development positions include designing software for the National Science Foundation, designing software for the D.C. city government, and being one of the founders of Digital Addiction (which created the online game Sanctum).
His first professionally published story appeared in 2001. His work has been published in The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction, Asimov's Science Fiction, Harper's, Nature, and McSweeney's Quarterly Concern. It has also appeared on the websites Strange Horizons and Infinite Matrix, and in various year's best anthologies. The Ant King and Other Stories, a collection of Rosenbaum's short fiction, was published by Small Beer Press.
His first novel was published by Piper Verlag in German under the title Die Auflösung in May 2018. The English version, edited by Liz Gorinsky, was released June 8, 2021 by Erewhon Books as The Unraveling. It was Honor Listed for the 2021 Otherwise Award.
Personal life
Rosenbaum formerly lived in Washington, DC, with his wife Esther and children Aviva and Noah. He currently lives near Basel, Switzerland.
Selected stories
"True Names" (2008) (online), collaboration with Cory Doctorow, was nominated for a Hugo Award.
"Anthroptic" (2007) (online) collaboration with visual artist Ethan Ham
"A Siege of Cranes"(2006) (online) was nominated for a World Fantasy Award.
"Embracing-the-New" (2004) (online) was nominated for Nebula Award for Best Short Story.
"Biographical Notes to 'A Discourse on the Nature of Causality, with Air-Planes', by Benjamin Rosenbaum" (2004) (online) was nominated for the Hugo Award for Best Novelette.
"Start the Clock" (2004) (online), was written for the book project Exquisite Corpuscle, where each contributor produced something inspired by the previous contributor's piece (they weren't shown the preceding pieces). It was nominated for a Theodore Sturgeon Award.
"The House Beyond Your Sky"(2006) (online) was nominated for a BSFA Award and a Hugo Award.
He released all seven stories under Creative Commons licenses, in the latter three cases allowing others to modify the work.
References
External links
Benjamin Rosenbaum's Page, the author's official site. Includes his blog, bibliography, and the texts of a number of his stories.
Interview excerpt from the October 2005 issue of Locus magazine.
1969 births
American fantasy writers
American science fiction writers
American short story writers
Magic realism writers
Postmodern writers
Living people
Brown University alumni
Jewish American writers
American male short story write
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldo%20Giorgini
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Aldo Giorgini (March 15, 1934 – October 1994) was an Italian artist and a pioneer in computer graphics. He is the father of music producer Mass Giorgini and Flav Giorgini.
Biography
Giorgini was born in Voghera, in the province of Pavia (northern Italy). He was a high school classmate of fashion designer Valentino, who was also a student of design of Ernestina Salvadeo, Giorgini's maternal aunt.
Formally trained by Italian futurist painter-sculptor Ambrogio Casati, Giorgini stayed on with his mentor as an apprentice, and assisted in the restoration of classic works by old masters damaged during the Second World War. Simultaneously attending university coursework outside of his work in the arts, Giorgini earned a doctorate in Mechanical Engineering from Politecnico di Torino before travelling to the United States on a Fulbright Scholarship. There, Giorgini earned a second doctorate, this time a Ph.D. in Civil Engineering from Colorado State University, and accepted a professorial position in the School of Civil Engineering at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana. He moved to Lafayette, Indiana, on 22 December 1968.
At Purdue University, he won several awards and distinctions as an outstanding teacher of fluid mechanics and engineering mathematics at the graduate and undergraduate levels. He regularly included aesthetics lectures in his engineering courses, saying that "to be technical and scientific does not preclude a concern for the beauty and art of image and form. Architecture and engineering both occupy the same continuum: mathematics can be beautiful, and shapes can be useful."
Once established in this new position, Giorgini resumed his artistic work, combining his technical expertise with computers from his engineering training with his background in the visual arts, thereby becoming one of the first computer artists.
His pioneering computer art was generated on the Purdue University mainframe computer (CDC) and printed onto large Mylar sheets using Calcomp printers. Giorgini would then hand-ink the works of art to complete the works he called examples of "computer-aided art".
A childhood prisoner of war in Eritrea himself during World War II, Giorgini often imbued his works with anti-war themes, frequently combining these with critiques of the use of technology for mass destruction. A number of his works are in the permanent collections of the Smithsonian Institution and the Carnegie-Mellon Art Museum.
Aldo Giorgini died in Indianapolis, in October 1994, of brain cancer.
References
External links
"Giorgini Connects Art, Science." 1974 Article on Aldo Giorgini
"Aldo Giorgini," Chapter from 1975 book The Artist and the Computer, by Ruth Leavitt.
1934 births
1994 deaths
People from Voghera
Italian artists
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamram
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Mamram (), abbreviation for Center of Computing and Information Systems ( Merkaz Mahshevim UMa'arahot Meida), originally Center of Computing and Mechanized Registration ( Merkaz Mahshevim VeRishum Memukhan) is the Israel Defense Forces' central computing system unit, providing data processing services for all arms and the general staff of the IDF.
History
Formed in 1959, the unit acquired its first computer, a US-made Philco Model 211 installed in 1961. Prior to this, the IDF made occasional use of the Weizmann Institute's WEIZAC, the first electronic computer in the Middle East. Mordechai Kikayon, a civilian, was transferred from RAFAEL (then part of the IDF) to be the Mamram's first commander. Mamram facilities soon started hosting several other independent data processing units, including the Inventory Processing Center (מענ"א) and the Manpower Computing Center (ממכ"א), and additional computers were obtained.
In 1994, the Mamram programming school, considered one of the best sources of high-quality software professionals in the world, was separated into a newly formed unit called School for Computer Professions (, abbr. Basmach - בסמ"ח). However, the school's graduates, who were and still are highly sought after in the industry, are still referred to as Mamram graduates. Following graduation, Basmach students go on to serve in various IDF units. Some of the graduates are often offered a position in Mamram itself.
The unit has also been delegated with the responsibility of assigning Internet domain names under the idf.il second level domain.
On September 20, 2017, the color of the unit's beret was changed to cyber blue to reflect the emerging responsibility for Israel's cyber defense.
Former commanders
2020– : Colonel Yael Grossman
2018–2020: Colonel Omer Grossman
2015–2018: Colonel Talia Gazit
2013–2015: Colonel
2010–2013: Colonel Noam Rozenfeld
2006–2010: Colonel Ayala Hakim
2002–2006: Colonel Avi Kochva
1999–2002: Colonel Zvi Gliechman
1994–1999: Colonel Miri Kadmiel
1992–1994: Brig. Gen. Giora Ulman
1987–1992: Colonel
1984–1987: Colonel
1982-1984: Col. Avi Peri
1981-9182: Col. Sarya Ziv
1979-1981:Col Yeosef Shiftan
1978-1979: Col. Moshe Nadir
1973-1978:
1967-1973: Menachem Dishon
1959–1967: Mordechai Kikayon, the first head of Mamram
Areas of responsibility
Closed intranet
Mamram has created the military's closed Intranet network. This network uses common WWW services, only in smaller dimensions for the use of all IDF's soldiers.
IDF's system network
MAMRAM is responsible for the management and development of the IDF's computer and network systems.
Fight against computer abuse
Mamram is responsible for enforcing computer use integrity. The ability to monitor network vandalism and abuse is an outcome of Mamram's own technical development.
WWW integration
Mamram provides IDF's WWW websites. Those websites contain interactive information used by civilians and foreigners.
References
External links
A Case Study of the Israeli
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cue%20sheet%20%28computing%29
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A cue sheet, or cue file, is a metadata file which describes how the tracks of a CD or DVD are laid out. Cue sheets are stored as plain text files and commonly have a filename extension. CDRWIN first introduced cue sheets, which are now supported by many optical disc authoring applications and media players.
Overview
Cue sheets can describe many types of audio and data CDs. The main data (including audio) for a CD described by a cue sheet is stored in one or more files referenced by the cue sheet. Cue sheets also specify track lengths and CD-Text including track and disc titles and performers. They are especially useful when dividing audio stored in a single file into multiple songs or tracks. The data files referred to by the cue sheet may be audio files (commonly in MP3 or WAV format), or plain disc images, usually with a extension.
When used for disc images, the format is usually called CUE/BIN, indicating that it stores a disc image composed of one cue sheet file and one or more files. The files are raw sector-by-sector binary copies of tracks in the original discs. These binary files usually contain all 2,352 bytes from each sector in an optical disc, including control headers and error correction data in the case of CD-ROMs (unlike ISO images of CD-ROMs, which store only the user data). However, the TRACK command in a cue sheet file can be used to refer to binary disc images that contain only the user data of each sector, by indicating the specific CD mode of the tracks from which the image was created (which is necessary to know the size of the user data in each sector).
The BIN/CUE format is one of the few formats besides Nero's NRG, Alcohol 120%'s MDF/MDS and CloneCD's CCD/IMG/SUB disc image formats to support Mixed Mode CDs which can contain audio CD tracks as well as data tracks.
The name "cue sheet" originates from the "send cue sheet" SCSI/ATA command in optical disc authoring. The specification for that command defines a cue sheet format containing mostly the same information, but in a tabular, binary data structure, rather than a text file.
In October 2023, a vulnerability was discovered in the libcue library, which parses cue sheets on Linux systems with GNOME desktops. The exploit could give an attacker code execution rights on GNOME systems.
Audio file playback
An entire multi-track audio CD may be ripped to a single audio file and a cue sheet. However, software audio players and hardware digital audio players often treat each audio file as a single playlist entry, which can make it difficult to select and identify the individual tracks. A common solution is to split the original audio file into a series of separate files, one per track.
Another approach is for the audio player to support the cue sheet directly. This may involve providing a new playlist (for example, an extra window) for the contents of the cue sheet, or adding an entry for each track directly into the main playlist.
Cue sheet syntax
A cue sheet i
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