source
stringlengths 32
199
| text
stringlengths 26
3k
|
|---|---|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/At%20Your%20Service-Star%20Power
|
At Your Service-Star Power is a Philippine television public affairs show broadcast by GMA Network. Originally hosted by Rhea Santos as At Your Service, it premiered on May 1, 2004. It later moved to QTV in November 2005 with Iza Calzado serving as the host. The show concluded in October 2007.
References
External links
2004 Philippine television series debuts
2007 Philippine television series endings
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network original programming
GMA Integrated News and Public Affairs shows
Philippine television shows
Q (TV network) original programming
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahay%20Mo%20Ba%20%27To%3F
|
() is a situational comedy series broadcast by GMA Network. Starring Wendell Ramos, it premiered on September 14, 2004, on the network's KiliTV line up replacing All Together Now. The series concluded on July 10, 2007, with a total of 148 episodes.
The series is streaming online on YouTube.
Cast and characters
Lead cast
Ronaldo Valdez as Nene Mulingtapang / Unyo
Tessie Tomas as Baby Mulingtapang-Benoit / Anying
Supporting cast
Wendell Ramos as Manny Boy Mulingtapang
Gladys Reyes as Kelly Mulingtapang
Bea Binene as Junabeth Mulingtapang
Gabriel Roxas as Julius Mulingtapang
Sherilyn Reyes as Jessica Benoit
Sunshine Dizon as Dorothy Benoit / Pirena
Jacob Chen as Raymond Benoit
Cherie Gil as Tet Ano
Keempee de Leon as Harold Mangaluntoy
Francine Prieto as Jingle
Tiya Pusit as Bella
Dino Guevarra as Canor
Carlito Campos, Jr. as Mang Enriquez
Chynna Ortaleza as Tintin
Vincent Enero as Michika
Accolades
References
External links
2004 Philippine television series debuts
2007 Philippine television series endings
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network original programming
Philippine comedy television series
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitoy%27s%20Funniest%20Videos
|
Bitoy's Funniest Videos is a Philippine television comedy show broadcast by GMA Network. Hosted by Michael V., it premiered on July 3, 2004. The show concluded on October 10, 2009 with a total of 271 episodes.
The show is streaming online on YouTube.
Hosts
Michael V.
Co-hosts
Toni Gonzaga
Karel Marquez
K Brosas
Yasmien Kurdi
Michelle Madrigal
Katrina Halili
Pauleen Luna
Jennylyn Mercado
Iwa Moto
Kris Bernal
Jewel Mische
Daiana Menezes
Ratings
According to AGB Nielsen Philippines' Mega Manila household television ratings, the final episode of Bitoy's Funniest Videos scored a 17.2% rating.
References
External links
2004 Philippine television series debuts
2009 Philippine television series endings
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network original programming
Philippine comedy television series
Video clip television series
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daddy%20Di%20Do%20Du
|
Daddy Di Do Du is a Philippine television situational comedy series broadcast by GMA Network. Directed by Bert de Leon, it stars Vic Sotto, Maxene Magalona, Danica Sotto and Isabella de Leon. It premiered on July 12, 2001 on the network's KiliTV line up replacing 1 for 3. The series concluded on July 29, 2007. It was replaced by Ful Haus in its timeslot.
Cast and characters
Lead cast
Vic Sotto as Hercules "Kul" Vallejo
Danica Sotto as Dinna Vallejo
Maxene Magalona as Donna Vallejo
Isabella de Leon as Duday Vallejo
Supporting cast
Cindy Kurleto as Greta
Redford White as Bruce
Ruby Rodriguez as Empee
Paolo Ballesteros as Paolo
Joonee Gamboa as Gener
Jose Manalo as Val
Sugar Mercado as Sugar
Rhian Ramos as Aileen
Nida Blanca as Mammu Groovy
Hilda Koronel as Mamu
Russell C. Mon as Ivan
Gerard Ramos
Stella Ruiz as Lalaine
Accolades
References
External links
2001 Philippine television series debuts
2007 Philippine television series endings
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network original programming
Philippine comedy television series
Television series by M-Zet Productions
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daisy%20Siete
|
Daisy Siete () is a Philippine television drama anthology broadcast by GMA Network. Starring the SexBomb Girls, it premiered on September 1, 2003 on the network's Dramarama sa Hapon line up. The show concluded on July 2, 2010 with a total of 26 seasons. It was replaced by Danz Showdown in its timeslot.
Cast
Rochelle Pangilinan
Jopay
Sunshine Garcia
Mia Pangyarihan
Seasons
Seasons 1 to 6 were weekly episodes, where the story is not continuous.
Ratings
According to AGB Nielsen Philippines' Mega Manila People ratings, the final episode of Daisy Siete scored a 5.2% rating.
Accolades
References
External links
2003 Philippine television series debuts
2010 Philippine television series endings
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network original programming
Philippine anthology television series
Television series by TAPE Inc.
Television shows set in the Philippines
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debate%20with%20Mare%20at%20Pare
|
Debate with Mare Pare () is a Philippine television public affairs debate show broadcast by GMA Network. Hosted by Oscar Orbos and Solita Monsod, it premiered on November 18, 1998. The show concluded on November 2, 2006. It was replaced by Palaban in its timeslot.
Hosts
Oscar "Pareng Oca" Orbos
Solita "Mareng Winnie" Monsod
Accolades
References
External links
1998 Philippine television series debuts
2006 Philippine television series endings
Debate television series
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network original programming
GMA Integrated News and Public Affairs shows
Philippine television talk shows
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raster%20Blaster
|
Bill Budge's Raster Blaster (or Rasterblaster on the disk label) is a pioneering home computer pinball simulation written by Bill Budge for the Apple II and published in 1981 by Budge's company, BudgeCo. It was ported to the Atari 8-bit family. Raster Blaster resembles the Williams Firepower table from 1980.
While not the first pinball game for home computers, Raster Blaster set a higher bar for visual fidelity, and the next several years saw a flurry of Apple II pinball titles: David's Midnight Magic (1982), Night Mission Pinball (1982), and Budge's own Pinball Construction Set (1983).
Reception
Debuting in April 1981, the game sold 25,000 copies by June 1982, tied for fourth on Computer Gaming Worlds list of top sellers. BYTE praised the game's realistic physics, writing that "Most microcomputer games that are versions of existing board or equipment games aren't worth the disks they're printed on, but Raster Blaster does not fall into that category!"
Raster Blaster was voted Softalk magazine's Most Popular Program of 1981.
Softline stated when reviewing David's Midnight Magic that it "ratifies Bill Budge's extraordinary program as a programming tour de force" and "proof of Budge's technical lead over his rivals", as Midnight was merely equal to Raster Blaster despite being nine months ("an eternity in the Apple II world") newer.
Compute! called the Atari version "addictive", although it noted some bugs.
References
External links
1981 video games
Apple II games
Atari 8-bit family games
Pinball video games
Video games developed in the United States
Single-player video games
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP%3A%20To%20the%20Highest%20Level%20Na%21
|
HP: To the Highest Level Na! is a Philippine television situational comedy series broadcast by GMA Network. Starring Bong Revilla, Jr., it premiered on October 1, 2005 on the network's KiliTV line up replacing Idol Ko si Kap and Hokus Pokus. The series concluded on July 14, 2007 with a total of 92 episodes. It was replaced by Kung Ako Ikaw in its timeslot.
Premise
Abel is a single father and secret agent who handles cases that verge on the paranormal, and Candy is a witch who renounces her powers to live among mortals.
Cast and characters
Lead cast
Bong Revilla as Abel
Supporting cast
Rufa Mae Quinto as Candy
Leo Martinez as Boss Hugo
K Brosas as Toni
Jolo Revilla as Joko
Yasmien Kurdi as Jackie
Rainier Castillo as Prince
Antonio Aquitania as Caloy
Diego Llorico as Diday
References
External links
2005 Philippine television series debuts
2007 Philippine television series endings
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network original programming
Philippine comedy television series
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idol%20Ko%20si%20Kap
|
Idol Kap () is a Philippine television situational comedy series broadcast by GMA Network. Starring Bong Revilla, it premiered on September 17, 2000 on the network's KiliTV line up. The series concluded on September 3, 2005 with a total of 505 episodes. It was replaced by HP: To the Highest Level Na! in its timeslot.
The series is streaming online on YouTube.
Cast
Lead cast
Bong Revilla
Supporting cast
Jolo Revilla
Rufa Mae Quinto
Leo Martinez
Jimmy Santos
German Moreno
Anne Curtis
Luz Valdez
Antonio Aquitania
K Brosas
References
External links
2000 Philippine television series debuts
2005 Philippine television series endings
Filipino-language television shows
GMA Network original programming
Philippine comedy television series
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love%20to%20Love%20%28TV%20program%29
|
Love to Love is a Philippine television drama romance anthology broadcast by GMA Network. It premiered on July 13, 2003 replacing Kahit Kailan. The show concluded on October 22, 2006 with a total of 171 episodes.
Cast
Season 1 (Rich in Love / Maid For Each Other): (Rich in Love): Oyo Boy Sotto, Maxene Magalona, Bryan Revilla, Valerie Concepcion// (Maid For Each Other) Richard Gutierrez, Chynna Ortaleza, Nancy Castiglione, Cogie Domingo,
Season 2 (Yaya Lovely / My 1, 2, Love): (Yaya Lovely): Tin Arnaldo, Frank Garcia, Sunshine Dizon, Geoff Eigenmann// (My 1, 2, Love) Richard Gutierrez, Chynna Ortaleza, Anne Curtis, Kiel Rodriguez.
Season 3 (Kissing Beauty / Duet For Love): (Kissing Beauty): Dennis Trillo, Angel Locsin, Cogie Domingo, Dion Ignacio, Nadine Samonte// (Duet For Love) Jay-R, Toni Gonzaga, Mark Herras, Jennylyn Mercado.
Season 4 (Pretty Boy / Sweet Exchange): (Pretty Boy): Paolo Contis, Nancy Castiglione, JC De Vera, Cristine Reyes, Gabby Eigenmann, Julianne Lee, Cindy Kurleto,// (Sweet Exchange) Dingdong Dantes, Karylle, Bettina Rodriguez, Railey Valeroso, Iza Calzado, Andrew Paredes.
Season 5 (True Romance / Love Blossoms): (True Romance): Antonio Aquitania, Sunshine Dizon, Brad Turvey, Aifha Medina// (Love Blossoms):Jake Cuenca, Sheena Halili, Alfred Vargas, Jolina Magdangal, Biboy Ramirez.
Season 6 (Wish Upon a Jar / Love for Rent): (Wish Upon a Jar): Yasmien Kurdi, Rainier Castillo, Jay Aquitania, Bianca King, Katrina Halili // (Love for Rent): Keempee de Leon, Francine Prieto, Nancy Castiglione, Jeremy Marquez, Kimberly Loveless.
Season 7 (Love Ko Urok / Haunted Lovehouse) // (Love Ko Urok): Mark Herras, Jennylyn Mercado, Mike Tan, LJ Reyes, Megan Young, Chris Martin // (Haunted Lovehouse): Jay-R, Chynna Ortaleza, Paolo Contis, Cindy Kurleto
Season 8 (Stuck in Love / Love-ban o Bawi): (Stuck in Love): Ryza Cenon, LJ Reyes, Mike Tan, CJ Muere //(Love-ban o Bawi): Ian Veneracion, Jopay Paguia, Ciara Sotto, Paolo Ballesteros
Season 9 (Miss Match / Like Mother, Like Daughters): (Miss Match): Jennylyn Mercado, Jake Cuenca, Katrina Halili, Dion Ignacio // (Like Mother, Like Daughters): Isabel Oli, Julia Clarete, Paolo Contis, Alfred Vargas
Season 10 (My Darling Mermaid / Young at Heart): (My Darling Mermaid): Pauleen Luna, Mark Herras, Bianca King // (Young at Heart): Jackie Rice, Iwa Moto, Marky Cielo, Gian Carlos
Season 11 (Fat is Fabulous / Bestfriends): (Fat is Fabulous): Isabel Oli, Paolo Contis, Marco Alcaraz // (Bestfriends): Ciara Sotto, Paolo Ballesteros
Season 12 (Jass Got Lucky) Lovi Poe, Iwa Moto, Bianca King, Cogie Domingo, Marky Cielo, Ryza Cenon, Nikki Bacolod
Accolades
References
External links
2003 Philippine television series debuts
2006 Philippine television series endings
GMA Network original programming
Philippine anthology television series
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DZEC-DTV
|
DZEC-TV (channel 25) is a television station in Metro Manila, Philippines, serving as the flagship of Net 25 network. Owned and operated by the Eagle Broadcasting Corporation, the station maintains studios at the EBC Building, #25 Central Ave., New Era, Quezon City, and its hybrid analog and digital transmitter facility is located at Redeemer Street, Milton Hills Subdivision, Brgy. New Era, Quezon City (sharing facilities with INC TV 48 and Eagle FM 95.5).
As of October 1, 2018, the station's analog signal closed down, but on April 7, 2022, they resumed on-air until the NTC orders a shutdown of analog TV in the country by the end of 2023.
Network statistics
The station operated at 50 kilowatts analog transmitter power output & 150kW ERP due to its network stability. They use JAMPRO 48-panel antenna and two 60kW Acrodyne transmitters with 120 kilowatts of transmitter power (for a total of 7,896 kilowatts ERP) however, it operates only at 50 kilowatts TPO, as of 2011. In October 2018, the station temporarily shut down its analog signal in favor of Digital terrestrial TV broadcast. However, in April 7, 2022, it returned on-air on its analog broadcast after 3-year hiatus.
Digital television
Digital channels
DZEC-TV broadcasts its digital signal on UHF Channel 28 (557.143MHz) and is multiplexed into the following subchannels:
In addition, Eagle Broadcasting Corporation operates its channel on DZCE-TV UHF Channel 49 (683.143MHz)
Analog-to-digital conversion
From September 7, 2017, in time for its 8th year since INC's Executive Minister Eduardo Manalo entered office, INCTV was granted a "special authority" from the National Telecommunications Commission to move its analog feed from UHF Channel 49 to UHF Channel 48 to allow the former channel to simulcast digitally in full-time, which began two days earlier (September 5). The shift was arranged for the station until its management announced its intention to permanently shut down analog broadcasts and go digital-only.
As of October 1, 2018, Net 25 closed its analog TV signal, until April 7, 2022, when it resumed on-air until the formal analog shut off phase by the end of 2023.
As of October 2021, NET 25 has started its Digital Terrestrial TV (DTT) broadcasts in selected areas of Metro Manila on UHF channel 28 (557.143 MHz). On January 29, 2022, NET 25's Digital Terrestrial TV transmitter power suddenly increased from 500 watts to 5kW. On April 27, 2022, it further received a signal increase to 10kW transmitter power.
Areas of coverage
Primary areas
Metro Manila
Cavite
Bulacan
Laguna
Rizal
Secondary areas
Bataan
Pampanga
Portion of Nueva Ecija
Portion of Tarlac
Portion of Zambales
Portion of Batangas
Portion of Quezon
See also
Eagle Broadcasting Corporation
Net 25
Eagle FM 95.5
INC TV
DZEC Radyo Agila 1062
References
External links
Net-25 Official Website
Television stations in Metro Manila
Television channels and stations established in 1999
1999 establishments in the Phili
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-width%20joiner
|
The zero-width joiner (ZWJ, ) is a non-printing character used in the computerized typesetting of writing systems in which the shape or positioning of a grapheme depends on its relation to other graphemes (complex scripts), such as the Arabic script or any Indic script. Sometimes the Roman script is to be counted as complex, e.g. when using a Fraktur typeface. When placed between two characters that would otherwise not be connected, a ZWJ causes them to be printed in their connected forms.
The exact behaviour of the ZWJ varies depending on whether the use of a conjunct consonant or ligature (where multiple characters are shown with a single glyph) is expected by default; for instance, it suppresses the use of conjuncts in Devanagari (whilst still allowing the use of the individual joining form of a dead consonant, as opposed to a halant form as would be required by the zero-width non-joiner), but induces the use of conjuncts in Sinhala (which does not use them by default). Similarly to Sinhala, when a ZWJ is placed between two emoji characters (or interspersed between multiple), it can result in a single glyph being shown, such as the family emoji, made up of two adult emoji and one or two child emoji.
In some cases, such as the second Devanagari example below, the ZWJ can be used to display a joining form in isolation, when included after the character and combining halant code.
The character's code point is . In the InScript keyboard layout for Indian languages, it is typed by the key combination Ctrl+Shift+1. However, many layouts use the position of QWERTY's ']' key for this character.
Examples
See also
Word joiner
Zero-width non-joiner
References
External links
Proposal on Clarification and Consolidation of the Function of ZERO WIDTH JOINER in Indic Scripts
Control characters
Typography
Unicode formatting code points
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaStation
|
The JavaStation was a Network Computer (NC) developed by Sun Microsystems between 1996 and 2000, intended to run only Java applications.
The hardware is based on the design of the Sun SPARCstation series, a very successful line of UNIX workstations.
The JavaStation, as an NC, lacks a hard drive, floppy or CD-ROM drive. It also differs from other Sun systems in having PS/2 keyboard and mouse interfaces and a VGA monitor connector.
Models
There were several models of the JavaStation produced, some being pre-production variants produced in very small numbers.
Production models comprised:
JavaStation-1 (part number JJ-xx), codenamed Mr. Coffee: based on a 110 MHz MicroSPARC IIe CPU, this was housed in a cuboidal Sun "unidisk" enclosure.
JavaStation-NC or JavaStation-10 (part number JK-xx) codenamed Krups: a redesigned Mr. Coffee with a 100 MHz MicroSPARC IIep CPU and enhanced video resolution and color capabilities. Krups was housed in a striking curved vertically oriented enclosure.
Models produced only as prototypes or in limited numbers included:
JavaStation/Fox: a prototype of the Mr Coffee: essentially a repackaged SPARCstation 4 Model 110.
JavaStation-E (part number JE-xx) codenamed Espresso: a Krups with PCI slots and a non-functional ATA interface in a restyled enclosure.
Dover: a JavaStation based on PC compatible hardware, with a Cyrix MediaGXm CPU.
JavaEngine-1: an ATX form-factor version of Krups for embedded systems.
A 68030-based system designed by Diba, Inc. (later acquired by Sun) circa 1996, which could be considered a very early JavaStation-like system.
In addition, Sun envisioned a third-generation "Super JavaStation" after Krups, with a JavaChip co-processor for native Java bytecode execution. This doesn't appear to have been produced.
The JavaStation concept was superseded by the Sun Ray series of thin client terminals.
Operating systems
The JavaStation comes with JavaOS in the flash memory, but it is also possible to install Linux or NetBSD on the JavaStation.
References
JavaStation Linux HOWTO
NetBSD/sparc JavaStation information
Sun workstations
Network computer (brand)
SPARC microprocessor products
Computer-related introductions in 1996
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q15X25
|
Q15X25 is a communications protocol for sending data over a radio link. It was designed by amateur radio operator Pawel Jalocha, SP9VRC, to be an open communications standard. Like all amateur radio communications modes, this protocol uses open transmissions which can be received and decoded by anyone with similar equipment. Q15X25 is a form of packet radio. It can be used to interconnect local VHF AX.25 packet networks over transcontinental distances. Anyone can design or adapt the open-source software to develop their own Q15X25 system.
Q15X25 is a digital signal processor-intensive mode designed to pass AX.25 packets on HF with speed and reliability much greater than traditional HF ARQ modems. It uses 15 QPSK modulated carriers separated by 125 Hertz, each modulated at 83.333 baud. Q15X25 uses forward error correction (FEC), and like MT63, uses time- and frequency-interleaving in order to avoid most error sources. The raw transmission data rate is typically 2500 bit/s.
Typically the DSP based receiver and transmitter modulator or codec is implemented as PC software that uses a sound card to connect directly to an SSB transceiver. Linux implementations are usually called "newpsk" or "newqpsk". MixW, a multipurpose communications control and digital modes package on Windows can implement Kiss and/or "TCP/IP over X.25" on either traditional 300 baud, 1200 baud and 2400 baud FSK packet "modems" implemented as DSP via sound card or over Q15X25. The "FlexNet" Windows packet software also has a newqpsk / Q15X25 option.
As with any amateur radio transmission, anyone can listen/decode Q15X25 transmissions, but an amateur radio operation license is required for transmission.
Frequencies (all USB) in use are (MixW center about 1350 Hz higher):
See also
Radioteletype
Shortwave
External links
ARRL description of Q15X25
MixW
Quantized radio modulation modes
Packet radio
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warrington%27s%20Own%20Buses
|
Warrington's Own Buses is a municipal bus company which operates a network of services within the Borough of Warrington and the surrounding area, including Altrincham, Leigh, Earlestown, Wigan, Halton, Bolton and Northwich.
The company previously traded as Warrington Borough Transport up until 2006 and as Network Warrington between 2006 and 2018. With the launch of the 'Cheshire Cats' brand in 2018 the company rebranded as Warrington's Own Buses.
History
Warrington Corporation Tramways started operating a network of five radial tramways from the town centre in 1902, with the first motor bus service starting in 1913. Buses replaced trams on routes starting in 1931, with the infrastructure starting to require major renewal which could not be justified economically. The last tram operated in 1935.
Services expanded rapidly after the Second World War as new housing estates grew in areas such as Orford and Great Sankey. The conversion of bus routes with conductors into one-man operated services began in 1965.
Warrington was designated as a new town in 1968, which led to new housing estates planned in the Birchwood and Westbrook areas of town. As such, Warrington Borough Council Transport Department started operating new services to these new developments as they started to grow in the 1970s and beyond. The department also began operating new services jointly with Crosville upon the split of the old Stockport based North Western Road Car Company in 1972.
To comply with the Transport Act 1985, Warrington Borough Transport was incorporated in 1986. The company's mission was that if money could be made by operating services deemed uneconomic by other operators, then it should assume operation. This policy led to an increase in services operated as other bus companies who ran into the area decided to concentrate on their own core areas.
Competition from other operators flared up in 1995, with Warrington Goldlines, part of the North Western bus company, duplicating the vast majority of the existing bus network and to a lesser extent MTL's Lancashire Travel subsidiary who focused on a core of 4-5 routes in the Callands and Westbrook areas near its St Helens depot in the South West of the town. In retaliation to MTL & North Western, Warrington Borough Transport commenced operating services to places such as Wigan, St Helens, Widnes, Runcorn, Chester and Liverpool, as well as commencing a local minibus service in Northwich. This level of competition reduced by the Autumn of 1996 when MTL had withdrawn its Warrington services, North Western's Warrington operations scaled back and Warrington's competing services pretty much withdrawn.
After eighteen months of intense competition, both companies agreed a truce. Warrington Borough Transport kept routes to Prescot and St Helens, whilst giving up operations in the Birchwood area of town, which were operated by North Western. North Western was rebranded as Arriva North West in 1997.
In February 2002, Arriva N
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Adventures%20of%20Sir%20Lancelot
|
The Adventures of Sir Lancelot is a British television series first broadcast in 1956, produced by Sapphire Films for ITC Entertainment and screened on the ITV network. The series starred William Russell as the eponymous Sir Lancelot, a Knight of the Round Table in the time of King Arthur at Camelot.
In the United States, it was originally broadcast on NBC from 1956 to 1957. Its success on the network led to it becoming the first British television series to have entire episodes filmed in colour, with the last fourteen of the thirty half-hour episodes being shot on colour stock, although they were seen in colour only in the US. (Although the BBC's 1954 TV series Zoo Quest pre-dated The Adventures of Sir Lancelot use of colour film stock by two years, this was only for the location work whilst the studio links were captured by monochrome video cameras).
As was common with other British television series of the time, the programme employed several American screenwriters who had moved to Britain after being placed on the Hollywood blacklist, often under pseudonyms. These included Ian McLellan Hunter, Hy Kraft and Ring Lardner Jr. The series was made at Nettlefold Studios in Walton-on-Thames.
Cast and characters
William Russell as Sir Lancelot (30 episodes)
Cyril Smith as Merlin (24 episodes)
Ronald Leigh-Hunt as King Arthur (22 episodes)
Bruce Seton as King Arthur (Episodes 1-3 only)
Robert Scroggins as Brian (Lancelot's squire) (22 episodes)
David Morrell as Sir Kay & others (21 episodes)
Jane Hylton as Queen Guinevere (14 episodes)
Derren Nesbitt (credited as Derry Nesbitt) as Sir Tristan & others (14 episodes)
Broadcast history
The series debuted in the UK on Saturday 15 September 1956, on London weekend ITV franchise holder ATV, and on the NBC network in the United States nine days later. The last episode was shown on 20 April 1957 in the UK and on 16 September 1957 on NBC. It later transferred networks in the US to ABC, who repeated the episodes from October 1957 to September 1958.
Episodes
Air dates are for ATV London; ITV regions varied date and order.
Home release
The complete series of 30 episodes were released as a DVD boxed set in the UK by Network DVD in 2004. Of the 14 episodes made in colour, only 12 are presented in colour for financial reasons. The other two colour episodes ('The Ugly Duckling' and 'The Missing Princess') are taken from black and white prints. In the US, the series was released as a DVD boxed set on 19 August 2008 by Timeless Media Group with 14 episodes presented in colour, taken from US public domain prints.
See also
List of early colour TV shows in the UK
References
Thompson, Raymond H. (1991) "Television Series". In Lacy, Norris J. (Ed.), The New Arthurian Encyclopedia, pp. 445–446. New York: Garland. .
Vahimagi, Tise (1994). British Television: An Illustrated Guide. Oxford. Oxford University Press / British Film Institute. .
External links
Episode guide at The Historical Adventure Series Guide websit
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandhills%20railway%20station
|
Sandhills railway station is a railway station in Kirkdale, Liverpool, England, located to the north of the city centre on the Northern Line of the Merseyrail network. It was built by the Liverpool, Crosby and Southport Railway Company and now stands at the junction between the branch to Southport and the branch to Ormskirk and Kirkby.
The two platforms form a single island, overlooking the River Mersey on one side, and the former industrial area of Commercial Road on the other. It is also used by football fans heading for Liverpool F.C. and Everton F.C. matches: a bus service called Soccerbus runs between the station and the football stadiums on match-days only.
Previously passengers had to walk up a ramp to reach the ticket office, then through a subway and up ramps to reach the platform.
Now the ramp remains, with alternate staircase. Leading to a lift directly into the Booking Office, accessing both sides of the island platforms.
History
Sandhills opened in 1850 as an intermediate station when the Liverpool, Crosby and Southport Railway was extended from its previous terminal at Waterloo to Liverpool Exchange. It became part of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (LYR), on 14 June 1855. who took over from the (LCSR). The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway amalgamated with the London and North Western Railway on 1 January 1922 and in turn was Grouped into the London, Midland and Scottish Railway in 1923. Nationalisation followed in 1948 and in 1978 the station became part of the Merseyrail Network's Northern Line (operated by British Rail until privatised in 1995). The station had four wooden platforms until it was rationalised between December 1973 and September 1974.
An extensive refurbishment plan for the station was suggested in 2006 which involved the building of a completely new booking hall and greatly improved facilities on the platform. A large canopy was constructed - originally intended to cover the entire length of the platform, but now eventually covering approximately half. In addition, a dedicated bus-rail interchange point was built, improving transport beyond the station to localities such as Kirkdale, Anfield and Everton. On 24 April 2007, improvement works to the station at a cost of £6 million were agreed. In November 2007, it was announced that the station would be closed from 17 November 2007 until March 2008 for refurbishment. The refurbishment work was extended until July 2008, when the station reopened in a partly completed state. The full completion of the work at the station was finished in early 2009.
Between March and December 2024, the station is due to have its capacity increased as part of the development of Liverpool Waters.
Facilities
The station is staffed 15 minutes before the first service and 15 minutes after the last service. There are toilets, platform CCTV and a booking office. There are departure and arrival screens on the platform for passenger information. Each of the two platforms has shel
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allerton%20railway%20station
|
Allerton railway station was a railway station on the City Line of the Merseyrail network, located in the suburbs of Liverpool, England.
History
It opened on 15 February 1864 with the opening of the St Helens and Runcorn Gap Railway's extension to Edge Hill.
Despite the name, it was not located in the suburb of Allerton, but in neighbouring Garston. The station was located at the Allerton Junction of the routes from Liverpool to Manchester and Crewe.
Prior to closure, the station was served by the hourly Liverpool Lime Street to Manchester Oxford Road service. A stopping service to Crewe ran for many years, but was withdrawn in the early 1990s.
Allerton lost much of its traffic in 1978 when the nearby Garston station reopened on Merseyrail's Northern Line, offering a faster, more frequent service to Liverpool Central.
Despite the low passenger numbers, the station retained a staffed booking office - open all day when trains were running - in accordance with the policy of the local PTE, Merseytravel.
Closure
The station closed to passengers on 30 July 2005 and underwent a complete rebuild, reopening on 11 June 2006 as Liverpool South Parkway. The original station buildings were demolished, and the subway linking the platforms, located at the Liverpool end of the station was filled in. A new, modern structure of glass and steel was built, with a footbridge over the platforms at the south end of the station.
See also
Allerton Junction
Allerton TMD depot
References
Disused railway stations in Liverpool
Former London and North Western Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1864
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 2005
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univel
|
Univel, Inc. was a joint venture of Novell and AT&T's Unix System Laboratories (USL) that was formed in December 1991 to develop and market the Destiny desktop Unix operating system, which was released in 1992 as UnixWare 1.0. Univel existed only briefly in the period between AT&T initially divesting parts of USL in 1991, and its eventual outright purchase by Novell, which completed in June 1993, thereby acquiring rights to the Unix operating system. Novell merged USL and Univel into their new Unix Systems Group (USG).
Beginning
Novell was the leader in network operating system software, with its product NetWare, while Unix System Laboratories was an AT&T majority-owned entity responsible for the development and maintenance of one of the main branches of the Unix operating system, the UNIX System V Release 4 source code product. The idea to combine forces originated during 1991, with USL chief Roel Pieper believing that the advent of 32-bit applications and workgroup computing gave Unix its best chance yet to gain widespread acceptance. Pieper brought the idea to Novell chief Ray Noorda, as Novell's executives were already looking for a way to gain entry into enterprise computing. In particular, Novell executive vice president Kanwal Rekhi played a significant role in the formation and launching of Univel.
Initial word that Novell and USL were planning a joint venture came in October 1991 with a memorandum of understanding between the two. Univel was then formed in December 1991, with public announcement of the formation being made on December 12, 1991. Novell had a 55 percent share of the new entity. The president of Univel was Joel Applebaum, who had previously been a vice president at Unix System Laboratories. Univel had some $30 million in initial financing.
The headquarters for Univel was in Novell's offices in San Jose, California, where much of the sales and marketing effort also took place. The main engineering office was in Sandy, Utah, where development work for the NetWare for Unix client was done among other components (there were also Univel liaison staff located at Novell's main Provo offices). Finally, there was also a small group in USL's offices in Summit, New Jersey assigned to the Univel effort, whose roles included ISV support engineering.
For Unix System Laboratories, Univel was its first foray into the binary, shrink-wrapped software product market. While the initiative initially focused on Intel x86-based systems, there were also ideas within Univel to later support the Sun SPARC and MIPS architectures, and possibly the in-the-works Advanced RISC Computing architecture as well.
UnixWare
Univel had only one product, the UnixWare operating system (UnixWare was a trademark of Univel). The aim was to make Unix successful in a desktop computer environment. As such, the premise of UnixWare for personal use was that it would target the higher end of the PC range with a GUI-based, shrink-wrapped Unix that was oriented to
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPB
|
JPB may refer to:
Jan Peter Balkenende (born 1956), Dutch politician
John Perry Barlow (1947–2018), American poet and politician
Jonathan P. Bowen (born 1956), British computer scientist
Star Wars Episode I: Jedi Power Battles, a video game
Peninsula Corridor Joint Powers Board, a railway agency in California
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garston%20railway%20station%20%28Merseyside%29
|
Garston railway station was a railway station in the Garston district of Liverpool, England. The station was located on the Northern Line of the Merseyrail suburban rail network. The station was closed in 2006 when it was replaced by Liverpool South Parkway, which is a combined bus and rail interchange. The proximity of the stations was so close the platforms of South Parkway nearly merged onto the Garston station's platforms.
History
The station was opened on 1 April 1874 by the Cheshire Lines Committee. It was served by local services between Liverpool Central, Warrington and Manchester, and also to Aintree Central on the North Liverpool Extension Line.
In 1960, the passenger service to Aintree was cut back to Gateacre. In 1966 services from Manchester were diverted to Liverpool Lime Street, leaving Garston with just the Gateacre-Liverpool train. This service continued until 17 April 1972, when Garston station closed along with the line from Liverpool Central.
In 1978, the former CLC route through Garston was partially reinstated as part of the electrified Northern Line of Merseyrail, and the station reopened on 2 January 1978 as a single platform terminus for services from Kirkby. Prior to the 1972 closure, the station had been named simply Garston, but upon reopening in 1978, it became Garston (Lancs), which was changed in 1979 to Garston (Merseyside). In 1983 services were extended further south to Hunts Cross and Garston once again became a through station with two platforms. In 1984 services were diverted to run to Southport instead of Kirkby. From the airports opening in 1933 until 1986 it was the nearest station to Liverpool Airport.
In 2004, work began on a combined rail-bus interchange at Liverpool South Parkway. The new station's proximity to Garston rendered the old station surplus to requirements. Garston closed on 10 June 2006 and Liverpool South Parkway opened the following day.
The station was demolished soon after closure, but the access road with its original road markings still exist. As of the 5th of July 2022, there is a temporary construction crew at the station.
Services
At the time of closure, trains operated to Southport via Liverpool Central to the north, and Hunts Cross to the south at 15-minute intervals, Monday-Saturday daytimes. During evenings and all day Sundays, the frequency was every 30 minutes.
See also
Allerton TMD
Allerton Junction
Garston Dock railway station
Hunts Cross chord
References
External links
Disused Stations Site Record
Disused railway stations in Liverpool
Former Cheshire Lines Committee stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1874
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1972
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1978
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 2006
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warewulf
|
Warewulf is a computer cluster implementation toolkit that facilitates the process of installing a cluster and long term administration. It does this by changing the administration paradigm to make all of the slave node file systems manageable from one point, and automate the distribution of the node file system during node boot. It allows a central administration model for all slave nodes and includes the tools needed to build configuration files, monitor, and control the nodes. It is totally customizable and can be adapted to just about any type of cluster. From the software administration perspective it does not make much difference if you are running 2 nodes or 500 nodes. The procedure is still the same, which is why Warewulf is scalable from the admins perspective. Also, because it uses a standard chroot'able file system for every node, it is extremely configurable and lends itself to custom environments very easily.
While Warewulf was designed to be a high-performance computing (HPC) system, it is not an HPC system in itself. Warewulf is more along the lines of a distributed Linux distribution, or more specifically a system for replicating and managing small, lightweight Linux systems from one master. Using Warewulf, HPC packages such as LAM/MPI/MPICH, Sun Grid Engine, PVM, etc. can be easily deployed throughout the cluster.
Warewulf solves the problem of slave node management rather than being a strict HPC specific system (even though it was designed with HPC in mind). Because of this it is as flexible as a home grown cluster, but administratively scales very well. As a result of this flexibility and ease of customization, Warewulf has been used not only on production HPC implementations, but also development systems like KASY0 (the first system to break the one hundred dollar per GFLOPS barrier), and non HPC systems such as web server cluster farms, intrusion detection clusters, and high-availability clusters.
See also
oneSIS – another diskless cluster package
xCAT – Extreme Cloud Administration Toolkit – offers complete management for HPC clusters, RenderFarms, Grids, WebFarms, Online Gaming Infrastructure, Clouds, Datacenters
References
External links
Warewulf Project
Warewulf on Github
Warewulf HOWTO
Admin Magazine: Warewulf Cluster Manager – Howlingly Great
Admin Magazine: Warewulf Cluster Manager – Part 2
Admin Magazine: Warewulf Cluster Manager – Part 3
Admin Magazine: Warewulf Cluster Manager – Part 4
Admin Magazine: Warewulf Cluster Manager Listings 1-6
WareWulf How-To: SysAdmins
General Warewulf Discussions
Warewulf Development Discussions
Perceus
Cluster computing
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AppWare
|
AppWare was a rapid application development system for Microsoft Windows and the classic Mac OS based on a simple graphical programming language. Applications were constructed by connecting together icons representing objects in the program and their commands. The resulting logic could be compiled on either platform and typically only required minor changes to the GUI layout to complete the port.
Originally introduced in 1989 as Serius89 by Serius Corporation, and eventually becoming Serius Developer, it is best known as AppWare when it was owned and marketed by Novell starting in 1993. Novell sold the product off in 1996, it was renamed MicroBrew, and development eventually ceased during 1997.
History
Serius
Joe Firmage started development of what would become AppWare circa June 1987, originally in order to help develop an accounting system for his parents' greeting card company. In 1989, when he was 18 years old, he and his brother Ed formed Serius Corp. to market the product, now known as Serius89. The company was based in Salt Lake City, Utah.
The 1.0 version shipped for the Mac in August 1989, with two versions, Serius Programmer that allowed the creation of new applications using the existing object library, and Serius Developer that allowed new objects to be written in external computer languages. This release was followed by 1.1 in October, which added a new Database object, and the 1.2 update in December. Serius was one of several visual programming tools that were available on the Mac in the late 1980s, such as TGS Systems' Prograph. The Serius89 Programmer product sold for $295 and the Serius89 Developer for $495. A review of Serius89 1.2 by MacWEEK concluded that it was "a novel, fascinating approach to 'desktop programming' and, despite its shortcomings, we believe it's an investment that will pay dividends in the future."
A major update followed in April 1990, the 2.0 version. This included a greatly increased set of objects, including support for the Communications ToolBox and an associated Terminal object. This release also included a suite of multimedia objects that allowed for the creation of interactive kiosk apps and similar. A 2.1 release followed in October, and an enormous performance upgrade in 2.2 in October 1991. By the end of 1991, Serius Corp. had attracted several outside investors and had 21 employees.
In January 1992 3.0 was release, including significant changes. The largest change followed in November 1992, however, with the introduction of Windows support and a renaming to Serius Workshop and Serius Developer Pro (mapping to Programmer and Developer from previous versions).
AppWare
Novell had invested in Serius on a number of occasions. In June 1993, during Ray Noorda's period of intense empire building, Novell purchased Serius outright. The company also purchased Software Transformations Inc., who made a cross-platform object code library that could be used to port conventional programs to a number of pl
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Her%C3%B8y%20Bridge
|
The Herøy Bridge () is a cantilever bridge that connects the islands of Gurskøya and Leinøya in the municipality of Herøy in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is part of a bridge network which connects all of the main islands of the municipality. It is about southeast of Fosnavåg.
The bridge is long, the longest span is , and the maximum clearance to the sea is . Herøy Bridge was opened by King Olav V on 4 September 1976.
See also
Remøy Bridge
Runde Bridge
Nerlandsøy Bridge
List of bridges in Norway
List of bridges in Norway by length
List of bridges
List of longest bridges in the world
References
External links
Road Viaducts & Bridges in Norway
Sunnmøre
Herøy, Møre og Romsdal
Bridges in Møre og Romsdal
Bridges completed in 1976
Cantilever bridges
1976 establishments in Norway
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block%20allocation%20map
|
In computer file systems, a block allocation map is a data structure used to track disk blocks that are considered "in use". Blocks may also be referred to as allocation units or clusters.
CP/M used a block allocation map in its directory. Each directory entry could list 8 or 16 blocks (depending on disk format) that were allocated to a file. If a file used more blocks, additional directory entries would be needed. Thus, a single file could have multiple directory entries. A benefit of this method is the possibility to use sparse files by declaring a large file size but only allocating blocks that are actually used. A detriment of this method is the disk may have free space (unallocated blocks) but data cannot be appended to a file because all directory entries are used.
Errata
The Commodore DOS used a similarly named but significantly different noting.
See also
File Allocation Table (FAT)
Design of the FAT file system
References
Computer file systems
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECRUSH
|
The eCRUSH network consisted of two sites: eCRUSH.com and eSPIN.com. The network was acquired by Hearst Media on December 31, 2006. The original eCRUSH site was opened on February 14, 1999 in Chicago by Clark Benson and Karen DeMars Pillsbury. It pre-dated social networking sites such as Friendster, MySpace and Facebook.
eSPIN
eSPIN was a spin the bottle-like social networking service backed by a matchmaking engine. Users would "spin the bottle" to find other users (although they could also search); the site also had quizzes. Registration was free, however, one had to pay a monthly fee or unlock various tools via sponsors to do key processes like chatting or sending messages.
The New York Times cited that eSPIN had registered more than 3.8 million users as of January 2007. ComScore Media Metrix measured their monthly unique visitors at 1,514,000 and monthly page views at 133MM (December 2008).
Age restrictions
eSPIN prohibited minors from contacting adults and vice versa, and their administrators screened user-submitted content before it was made public. Additionally, minors were prohibited from publicly posting contact information like email addresses and screen names.
eCRUSH
eCRUSH.com was a teen-oriented anonymous matching site designed to obviate fears of unrequited love. A user created a list of people he was interested in, and had the option of sending anonymous emails to those individuals indicating that an unidentified person had a crush on them. The recipient could then log on to the site and create a list of people they were interested in. If the two people selected each other, then the system notified them of the match. This system is a type of viral marketing in which awareness of the site spreads among friends and acquaintances similarly to a virus as they list each other as crushes and send emails.
Other aspects of eCRUSH
Demographics
In accordance with the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998, eCRUSH shut down the existing accounts of children who identified themselves as being under thirteen. According to a Red Herring article, "eCRUSHONLINE.com is seizing an elusive but highly desirable audience of young, mostly female viewers, ranging in age from 10 to 37." According to that article, the service saw its biggest growth at high schools and colleges.
The "Don't Be An Idiot" Campaign
In January 2009, eSPIN began the "Don't Be An Idiot" campaign to educate teens about online safety. The campaign consisted of a safety hub page, a safety quiz, a YouTube video and a place to submit safety stories.
Spam related issues
The company's emails promised, "At eCRUSH, we know how important your love life is to you, and we would never take advantage of your emotions just to spam your crush." However, an April 22, 1999 article in Ohio University's The Post argued, "It is rare to be matched up with your one and only by trickery or bizarre circumstance. When eCRUSH's initial e-mail is sent, the recipient might discard
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Cowboy%20Channel
|
The Cowboy Channel (formerly FamilyNet) is an American cable television network in over 42 million cable and satellite homes, which carries Western and rodeo sports. The network was founded in 1979 as the National Christian Network, and took the name FamilyNet in 1988 under the ownership of Jerry Falwell. It is owned by Patrick Gottsch, who also owns RFD-TV; Gottsch operates both channels under the brand Rural Media Group.
History
As FamilyNet
The channel was acquired by InTouch Ministries in October 2007 from the Southern Baptist Convention. In December 2009, FamilyNet was acquired by Robert A. Schuller's ComStar Media Fund. In 2010, FamilyNet was spun out into its own company, with Robert A. Schuller as the chairman.
The organization also operated FamilyNet Radio 161, a full-time Christian talk channel on Sirius Satellite Radio, but was discontinued on November 30, 2010; FamilyTalk replaced it.
From 2011 to 2012, the channel showed sitcoms like The Bob Newhart Show, Newhart, and Mr. Belvedere.
On October 24, 2012, Rural TV purchased FamilyNet, and the transaction took effect on January 1, 2013. At first the network was used to carry an all-trading day format of farm and market news, which eventually moved to a reduced timeslot on RFD-TV due to low interest and ratings. Rural Media, which had considered merging RFD-TV and FamilyNet together to gain over-the-air carriage, eventually decided to keep FamilyNet as a separate service, but with a refocus in programming towards classic television programming which was not picked up by competitors MeTV, Antenna TV and Cozi TV. Rural Media also decided not to renew over-the-air contracts with stations in a slow process in order to make it a cable-only network. A number of former FamilyNet affiliates (mainly religious stations) continue to carry programming recorded from the network's feed before the Rural TV sale, seemingly under a perpetual license.
In September 2014, FamilyNet was refocused with classic television series and films from the Sony Pictures Television libraries, with Sony also assisting with advertising sales. Religious programming, which used to make up the vast majority of the schedule under SBC and Schuller's ownership, was limited to Sunday mornings, though Rural Media also maintained FamilyNet's paid programming overnights despite their executives' traditional disdain for depending on those programs for revenue. (RFD-TV since also began to carry overnight paid programming.)
As The Cowboy Channel
On June 19, 2017, Rural Media Group CEO Patrick Gottsch announced that on July 1, FamilyNet would be rebranded as The Cowboy Channel, featuring a focus on Western sports and rodeo events, which had proven to be a popular attraction on RFD-TV. Gottsch thanked Sony Pictures Television for bringing the network to a solid footing, but noted that overwhelming competition in the classic television space from networks such as MeTV, Antenna TV, Cozi TV, Heroes & Icons and several other network
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea%20Dragon%20%28video%20game%29
|
Sea Dragon is a horizontally scrolling shooter for the TRS-80 computer, written by Wayne Westmoreland and Terry Gilman, and released in 1982 by Adventure International. The gameplay is similar to the Scramble arcade game, but underwater. It was ported to the Apple II, Atari 8-bit family, Commodore 64, TRS-80 Color Computer, and DOS.
In 1995, Wayne Westmoreland placed the game into the public domain. In January 2016 the source code for the Atari 8-bit version was released to the public and added to the Internet Archive.
Gameplay
The player controls a submarine that can shoot torpedoes both forwards and upwards. The gameplay involves navigating "past underwater mountains and through labyrinthine passages while avoiding webs of explosive mines that rise from the sea bottom. Additional dangers include mine-dropping ships, enemy attack stations, falling stalactites, and deadly lasers—any of which could keep you from your ultimate goal: destruction of the incredibly powerful nuclear reactor at the end of the undersea course." (Adventure International catalog, 1982)
Speech
The Apple II version uses digitized voice that says "Sea Dragon!" When the user starts the game, he or she is told, "Captain! Your ship's computer is now ready. Please wait while I initialize systems!", and during the game will be informed, "Air level critical!", "Checkpoint!", and "Approaching maximum damage!" The use of speech was a novelty, as the Apple II speaker is only able to emit a one-bit click. Programming Sea Dragon to play back an audio sample is a technical achievement shared with Castle Wolfenstein (1981), Dung Beetles (1982), Creepy Corridors (1982), and Plasmania (1982).
The Color Computer version is the only other version that includes speech. It says "Welcome aboard, Captain!" on the title screen.
Reception
Writing for Video magazine in 1983, Ivan Berger noted that Sea Dragons graphics were dominated by "simple patterns and primary colors". This Berger contrasted with the "more subtle colors and shadings that go into professional animation", however Berger noted that while Sea Dragon was emblematic in this regard, the chromatic and graphical simplicity of the game was endemic to the home computer game medium.
References
External links
Sea Dragon at TRS-80.org
Sea Dragon at Atari Mania
Video TRS-80 gameplay
1982 video games
Adventure International games
Apple II games
Atari 8-bit family games
Commodore 64 games
Commercial video games with freely available source code
DOS games
Horizontally scrolling shooters
Public-domain software with source code
TRS-80 games
TRS-80 Color Computer games
Video games developed in the United States
Video games set underwater
Submarines in fiction
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dung%20Beetles%20%28video%20game%29
|
Dung Beetles is an Apple II maze game by Bob Bishop published in 1982 by Datasoft. The gameplay is similar to Pac-Man, but a portion of the maze around the player-controlled character is enlarged as if being viewed through a square magnifying lens.
Dung Beetles was ported to Atari 8-bit family and the TRS-80 Color Computer. The Color Computer version was sold by Tandy and renamed Mega-Bug. The Mega-Bug port was programmed by Steve Bjork. Later versions for both the Apple II and Atari were named Tumble Bugs. In 1983, Datasoft moved the game to its Gentry Software label with another name change: Magneto Bugs. In Australia, the game was sold as Bug Attack. It was also released for the NEC PC-6001.
Gameplay
The game concept and gameplay are based on Pac-Man, but features a much larger, randomly-generated maze and a moving "magnifying rectangle" that shows the player's character, maze details, and nearby enemies close-up. The objective of the game is to score points by eating all of the dots in the maze. As the player character moves through the maze, it leaves a trail of dung behind. Dung beetles navigate the maze searching for the player. When a beetle finds a trail of dung, it will start following that trail, consuming it as it goes. It picks a direction at random when the trail splits, and goes back to searching if the trail ends.
The game ends when the player's character is caught by a dung beetle, at which point the game plays a digitized voice that says "We gotcha!" and gives a brief animation.
Reception
Softline found the magnifying glass "an impressive programming feat," and concluded that it was "a solid game ... It could stand some more variety, but it certainly does not lack challenge". Writing for ANALOG Computing, Marc Benioff called Tumble Bugs, "an outstanding variation on Pac-Man".
References
1982 video games
Apple II games
Atari 8-bit family games
Datasoft games
Maze games
NEC PC-6001 games
Pac-Man clones
TRS-80 Color Computer games
Video games about insects
Video games developed in the United States
Single-player video games
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual%20screen
|
Dual screen may refer to:
A multi-monitor setup with two monitors
Dual-touchscreen, a display setup for computers or phones
Second screen, a device (e.g. mobile device) providing an enhanced viewing experience for content on another device (e.g. a TV)
See also
Multi-screen (disambiguation)
Computer (disambiguation)
Phone (disambiguation)
Nintendo DS, a dual-screen handheld game console
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanes%20500
|
Hanes 500 may refer to the following NASCAR races at Martinsville Speedway:
Blu-Emu Maximum Pain Relief 500 , (from 1991 to 1995)
First Data 500, (From 1996 to 1997)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VH1%20Top%2020%20Video%20Countdown
|
The 20 (previously known as the VH1 Top 20 Video Countdown) is a weekly music video countdown television show that aired on the VH1 cable television network in the United States. The long-running show was first introduced in 1994 as VH1 Top 10 Countdown, part of VH1's "Music First" re-branding effort. Over the years, a variety of hosts counted down the top 10 or 20 music videos of the week. The order of countdown was initially decided by a mix of record sales, radio airplay, video spins, message board posts, and conventional mail. The last episode aired unexpectedly without fanfare on November 28, 2015.
History
As part of VH-1's rebranding as "VH1: Music First" in 1994, the channel launched a new show, the VH1 Top 10 Countdown, that counted down the top 10 music videos played on the channel each week. A combination of record sales, radio airplay, video spins, message board posts, and conventional mail decided the order of the countdown. A rotating cast of VJs picked up hosting duties for the show over the years. The show expanded from 10 to 20 music videos, becoming VH1 Top 20 Video Countdown, on April 13, 2001.
Each week, the show broadcasts from another location around New York City, often at the Virgin Records store in Union Square. Following a decline in the show's relevance, popular Survivor contestant Jenna Lewis was hired to host the show in 2001. After her departure from the show, from 2002 to 2006, the show was usually hosted by either Rachel Perry, Bradford How, or Aamer Haleem, but occasionally another VJ would fill in.
The show became known as the VSPOT Top 20 Video Countdown on April 7, 2006, at which time it received a new on-air look, a new studio at the MTV headquarters in Times Square (where TRL located at), and a new host, Matt Pinfield, the venerable VJ from MTV and MTV2 in the 1990s and former host of MTV's 120 Minutes. In a fundamental change from the show's older format of compiling the top 20 videos of the week, online votes determined the entire order of the countdown. Fan participation was introduced via VSPOT, VH1's online music video outlet. Also as part of the change, VH1 temporarily moved the show's first airing of the week to Friday evenings instead of Saturday mornings. On the week of July 15, 2006, the show stopped airing on Friday evenings.
On the September 16, 2006, episode, Pinfield announced that after being on the countdown for 20 weeks, a video would be retired. Before this time, videos could remain on the countdown for as long as seemed appropriate, though almost all were gone by the 24th week. One notable exception, however, was Keane's "Somewhere Only We Know", which remained in the countdown for 28 non-consecutive weeks in two countdown runs. The video only peaked at #8, and its second wind was caused by the popularity of the VH1.com live version of the video.
After Pinfield did not show up for a few recordings of the show on October 7, 2006, former host Aamer Haleem returned to host the show once ag
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaim%20Gingold
|
Chaim Gingold (born January 15, 1980 in Haifa, Israel) is noted for his work with the computer game Spore, where he designed the game's creators, including the Spore Creature Creator. Chaim was also a key member of Spore's design and prototyping team. He has presented at the Game Developers Conference and is an active participant in the academic game studies community.
Gingold grew up in Morgantown, West Virginia. He attended West Virginia University, where he studied computer science, English, and art. After college, Gingold headed to the Georgia Institute of Technology where he joined the Information Design and Technology Masters program. His dissertation was entitled "Miniature Gardens & Magic Crayons: Games, Spaces, & Worlds" and was supervised by noted scholar Janet Murray. Gingold lives in Berkeley, California, USA and is a Ph.D student in Computational Media at UC Santa Cruz.
In January 2015, Gingold released Earth Primer, an interactive science book that simulates processes of the Earth.
References
External links
Chaim Gingold's web page
American video game designers
Jewish video game developers
Israeli computer programmers
Israeli emigrants to the United States
Israeli Jews
Georgia Tech alumni
West Virginia University alumni
Morgantown High School alumni
People from Haifa
1980 births
Living people
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Pinkerton%20%28computer%20designer%29
|
John Maurice McClean Pinkerton (2 August 1919 – 22 December 1997) was a pioneering British computer designer. Along with David Caminer, he designed England's first business computer, the LEO computer, produced by J. Lyons and Co in 1951.
Personal life
John Pinkerton was educated at King Edward's School, Bath, and Clifton College, Bristol. He studied at Trinity College, Cambridge from 1937 to 1940, reading Natural Sciences, and graduating with first class honours. He joined the Air Ministry Research Establishment in Swanage, to work on radar, and went with it to Malvern where it was renamed the Telecommunications Research Establishment (where he met Maurice Wilkes). He returned to Cambridge as a research student at the Cavendish Laboratory.
In 1948 he married Helen McCorkindale. They had a son and a daughter.
Colleagues describe him as having "a disarming way of listening intently to what others said", a "quiet, dry sense of humour", a "fine, critical, but constructive intelligence", "an enviable ability to handle detail", and "friendliness and kindness". They also mention his knowledge of music and English literature and his lively appreciation of good food.
J. Lyons
The catering firm of J. Lyons was known in the high street for its tea and cakes; in the business world it was known for its innovative approach to supply chain management. As early as 1947 the firm decided that the future lay with computers, and since nothing suitable was available, they resolved to build one. They approached Wilkes in Cambridge, who suggested that they construct a copy of the EDSAC machine, and introduced them to Pinkerton whom they recruited as chief engineer.
Pinkerton's approach was to leave the design unchanged as far as possible, while improving reliability by identifying the points of failure (notably electronic valves) and developing test procedures that enabled component failures to be anticipated and prevented.
The machine went into operation in early 1951, and was used to its full capacity by 1954, at which point the company decided to build a second machine. They also saw the potential in building computers for use by other companies, and in 1955 set up a subsidiary, LEO Computers Ltd, with Pinkerton as technical director. In this capacity he was responsible for the development of the successor machines LEO II and LEO III.
By 1961 it was clear that the company did not have the resources to build its own computers indefinitely, so Lyons sold the operation to English Electric.
English Electric and ICL
Pinkerton was appointed head of research in English Electric Computers, which went through a series of mergers eventually becoming part of ICL in 1968.
In the 1970s Pinkerton, together with Conway Berners-Lee, developed and applied a queuing network model for optimising the price/performance of the new ICL's 'New Range' of computers (later the ICL 2900 Series). It was known as FAST – standing for Football Analogy for System Throughput.
He remain
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MarkLogic
|
MarkLogic is an American software business that develops and provides an enterprise NoSQL database, also named MarkLogic. It has offices in the United States, Europe, Asia, and Australia.
In February 2023, MarkLogic was acquired by Progress Software for $355 million.
Overview
Founded in 2001 by Christopher Lindblad, MarkLogic Corporation is a privately held company with over 500 employees and was acquired by Vector Capital in October 2020.
The company claims to have over 1,000 customers, including Chevron, JPMorgan Chase, Erie Insurance Group, Johnson & Johnson, and the US Army. It also claims that six of the top ten global banks are MarkLogic customers.
In 2016, Forrester Research ranked MarkLogic as one of the nine leading NoSQL database vendors in the market, and appeared in several Gartner Magic Quadrant reports for Operational Database Management Systems. In 2017, Gartner ranked MarkLogic as a 'Visionary' in the data warehouse market.
History
MarkLogic was first named Cerisent and was founded in 2001 by Christopher Lindblad, who was the Chief Architect of the Ultraseek search engine at Infoseek. Assistance from Paul Pedersen, a professor of computer science at Cornell University and UCLA, and Frank R. Caufield, Founder of Darwin Ventures, to address shortcomings with existing search and data products. The product first focused on using XML document markup standard and XQuery as the query standard for accessing collections of documents up to hundreds of terabytes in size.
In 2009, IDC mentioned MarkLogic in a report as one of the top Innovative Information Access Companies with under $100 million in revenue.
In May 2012, Gary Bloom was appointed as Chief Executive Officer. He held senior positions at Symantec Corporation, Veritas Software, and Oracle.
Post-acquisition, the company named Jeffrey Casale as its new CEO.
Funding
MarkLogic received its first financing of in 2002 led by Sequoia Capital, followed by a investment in June 2004, this time led by Lehman Brothers Venture Partners. The company received additional funding of $15 million in 2007 from its existing investors Sequoia and Lehman. The same investors put another $12.5 million into the company in 2009.
On 12 April 2013, MarkLogic received an additional in funding, led by Sequoia Capital and Tenaya Capital. On May 12, 2015, MarkLogic received an additional in funding, led by Wellington Management Company, with contributions from Arrowpoint Partners and existing backers, Sequoia Capital, Tenaya Capital, and Northgate Capital. This brought the company's total funding to and gave MarkLogic a pre-money valuation of .
NTT Data announced a strategic investment in MarkLogic on 31 May 2017.
Products
The MarkLogic product is considered a multi-model NoSQL database for its ability to store, manage, and search JSON and XML documents and semantic data (RDF triples).
Releases
2001 Cerisent XQE 1.0
2004 Cerisent XQE 2.0
2005 MarkLogic Server 3.0
2006 MarkLogic Ser
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Computer%20Journal
|
The Computer Journal is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering computer science and information systems. Established in 1958, it is one of the oldest computer science research journals. It is published by Oxford University Press on behalf of BCS, The Chartered Institute for IT. The authors of the best paper in each annual volume receive the Wilkes Award from BCS, The Chartered Institute for IT.
Editors-in-chief
The following people have been editor-in-chief:
1958–1969 Eric N. Mutch
1969–1992 Peter Hammersley
1993–2000 C. J. van Rijsbergen
2000–2008 Fionn Murtagh
2008–2012 Erol Gelenbe
2012–2016 Fionn Murtagh
2016–2020 Steve Furber
2021–present Tom Crick
References
External links
Official website
History of the journal
Wilkes Award
British Computer Society
Computer science in the United Kingdom
Computer science journals
English-language journals
Oxford University Press academic journals
Academic journals established in 1958
1958 establishments in England
Academic journals associated with learned and professional societies
8 times per year journals
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inducks
|
The International Network of Disney Universe Comic Knowers and Sources (I.N.D.U.C.K.S.) or Inducks is a freely available database aiming to index all Disney Universe comics ever printed in the world, created and maintained by both amateurs and professionals. It is an international project which provides indexes of around 130,000 Disney comic publications worldwide. It is distributed with its own licence.
Origin
Efforts to catalog Disney comic stories on a large scale date from the late 1970s and early 1980s. Among the most important works are an index of Disney comics published in Denmark, a list of stories produced in Italy, a list of American daily strips and Sunday pages, an index of American Dell Disney comics and a Carl Barks index. All these lists include artists and writer credits that were previously unknown.
In August 1992, Per Starbäck (from Sweden) created the Disney Comics Mailing List. Members soon contributed lists of Disney comics and gave references for printed indexes. In May 1994, expanding on information exchanged on the mailing list, Harry Fluks (from the Netherlands) created a database to organize comic indexes, and called it the Disney Comics Database.
In 1999, a German member suggested the name Inducks as a cross between "index" and "duck" (for Donald Duck). It was playfully written I.N.D.U.C.K.S. to resemble acronyms seen in Junior Woodchucks comics. Several meanings have been proposed, including "Internet Database for Uncle Walt's Comics and Stories", "International Network for Disney Universal Comic Knowledge and Sources", up to 2008 when International Network of Disney-Universe Comic Knowers and Sources was selected.
Over the years, a Web search interface was introduced, later replaced by a second search engine, COA, in 2001.
Data details
The Inducks database lists publications, stories, characters and creators which are cross-referenced. Each story is given a unique "storycode" so that reprints (often from all over the world) may be found for any story. A large number of Disney comics publications are indexed for the following countries: Australia, Brazil, Denmark, Italy, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Spain, Sweden and United States. Among countries with a significant Disney comics tradition, indexes for Mexico, United Kingdom and (ex-)Yugoslavia are still very incomplete.
Inducks integrates previous studies and research works, with permission of the authors, as well as its own research. Thanks to contacts with creators, it provides credits to anonymous (or wrongly-credited) stories. In particular, most Disney comics were not given credits until the 1980s or 1990s. It also contains information about unpublished Disney comics stories.
The main interface to Inducks is a search engine, browser and website abbreviated COA, which is daily updated based on Inducks data, and is available in thirteen languages. While COA uses Inducks data, it is not part of Inducks itself, but it ena
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAC-based%20one-time%20password
|
HMAC-based one-time password (HOTP) is a one-time password (OTP) algorithm based on HMAC. It is a cornerstone of the Initiative for Open Authentication (OATH).
HOTP was published as an informational IETF RFC 4226 in December 2005, documenting the algorithm along with a Java implementation. Since then, the algorithm has been adopted by many companies worldwide (see below). The HOTP algorithm is a freely available open standard.
Algorithm
The HOTP algorithm provides a method of authentication by symmetric generation of human-readable passwords, or values, each used for only one authentication attempt. The one-time property leads directly from the single use of each counter value.
Parties intending to use HOTP must establish some ; typically these are specified by the authenticator, and either accepted or not by the authenticated:
A cryptographic hash method H (default is SHA-1)
A secret key K, which is an arbitrary byte string and must remain private
A counter C, which counts the number of iterations
A HOTP value length d (6–10, default is 6, and 6–8 is recommended)
Both parties compute the HOTP value derived from the secret key K and the counter C. Then the authenticator checks its locally generated value against the value supplied by the authenticated.
The authenticator and the authenticated increment the counter C independently of each other, where the latter may increase ahead of the former, thus a resynchronisation protocol is wise. does not actually require any such, but does make a recommendation. This simply has the authenticator repeatedly try verification ahead of their counter through a window of size s. The authenticator's counter continues forward of the value at which verification succeeds and requires no actions by the authenticated.
The recommendation is made that persistent throttling of HOTP value verification take place, to address their relatively small size and thus vulnerability to brute-force attacks. It is suggested that verification be locked out after a small number of failed attempts or that each failed attempt attracts an additional (linearly increasing) delay.
6-digit codes are commonly provided by proprietary hardware tokens from a number of vendors informing the default value of d. Truncation extracts 31 bits or decimal digits, meaning that d can be at most 10, with the 10th digit adding less variation, taking values of 0, 1, and 2 (i.e., 0.3 digits).
After verification, the authenticator can authenticate itself simply by generating the next HOTP value, returning it, and then the authenticated can generate their own HOTP value to verify it. Note that counters are guaranteed to be synchronised at this point in the process.
The HOTP value is the human-readable design output, a d-digit decimal number (without omission of leading 0s):
HOTP value = HOTP(K, C) mod 10d.
That is, the value is the d least significant base-10 digits of HOTP.
HOTP is a truncation of the HMAC of the counter C (under the key K
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSLD
|
CSLD may refer to:
Cambridge Student Liberal Democrats
Conway School of Landscape Design
Cross-strait language database
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WEDO
|
WEDO (810 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to McKeesport, Pennsylvania and serving Greater Pittsburgh. It carries a brokered programming radio format. Hosts buy segments of time on the station and may use their shows to advertise their products and services or seek donations to their ministries. Some shows are for ethnic communities, some are religious and others are devoted to special interests. WEDO is owned by Robert and Ashley Stevens through licensee Broadcast Communications, Inc. The studios and offices are located at the intersection of Routes 30 and 48 in Irwin, Pennsylvania, sharing space with other BCI-owned stations.
Technical information
By day, WEDO transmits with 1,000 watts. The transmitter is off Foster Road, also in White Oak. As AM 810 is a clear channel frequency reserved for Class A WGY Schenectady and KGO San Francisco; to avoid interference, WEDO must sign off at night when radio waves travel farther. Programming is heard around the clock on 50-watt FM translator W227DB at 93.3 MHz.
History
The station signed on in 1947, at around the same time as another McKeesport-licensed radio station, WMCK AM 1360 (now WGBN). WEDO has had only this call sign, and only three owners in its history. Tri-City Broadcasting first put the station on the air and operated it until 1972, when it was purchased by 810, Inc., a wholly owned company headed by local entrepreneurs Ralph and Judith Baron. Following the death of Ralph Baron, Judy Baron, now residing in Florida, has recently established a trust that would control the station in the event of her death or incapacitation.
During the 1960s and 1970s, WEDO became known for its Top 40 music presentation and even received more notoriety when they relocated their studios and offices inside Midtown Plaza Mall on Fifth Avenue in downtown McKeesport during the 1970s. The mall, one of the first in suburban Pittsburgh, enabled shoppers to watch the DJs in real time as they did their on-air shifts.
In the early 1980s, when FM emerged as the leading technology for music, WEDO gradually dropped its music for the program-oriented format that it originally had in its formative years. As McKeesport's downtown economy continued to deteriorate, so did tenant business in Midtown Plaza Mall, as many of the stores went out of business or relocated into the suburbs. With few tenants left in the building, the property's managers turned off heat to several areas of the mall in an effort to reduce operating costs. A heating problem one day in 2000 resulted in a frozen pipe bursting in the mall and leaving the radio station in about two inches of standing water. According to a former employee, it was the second time that such an incident occurred.
Management then decided to relocate to a different building. WEDO cleared its equipment and furniture out of the mall weeks later and moved to its current location at a former bank location at 1985 Lincoln Way, where it occupies the seco
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WPXC-TV
|
WPXC-TV (channel 21) is a television station licensed to Brunswick, Georgia, United States, broadcasting the Ion Television network to the Jacksonville, Florida area. It is the only major commercial station in the Jacksonville market that is licensed in Georgia. The station is owned and operated by the Ion Media subsidiary of the E.W. Scripps Company, and has studios on Blythe Island Highway/State Route 303 in southwestern Brunswick; its transmitter is located in unincorporated southwestern Camden County, Georgia (northwest of Kingsland).
History
The station was granted a construction permit by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) on December 28, 1987. The station first signed on the air on April 2, 1990, as WBSG-TV. Originally operating as an independent station, the station became a charter affiliate of The WB upon its launch on January 11, 1995. However, WBSG struggled financially, and on August 2, 1996, the station's owner, Coastal Com Inc., entered into a local marketing agreement with the Allbritton Communications Company, set to take effect on September 1; Coastal Com had earlier planned to sell WBSG to Allbritton outright for $10 million. Allbritton was planning to sign on Orange Park-licensed WJXX (channel 25), and intended for WBSG to serve as a semi-satellite of WJXX for the northern part of the market. Allbritton had also signed an agreement to switch the affiliations of its television stations not already affiliated with the network to ABC; this agreement was spurred by a 1994 affiliation deal between Fox and New World Communications (which was the owner of Birmingham ABC affiliate WBRC at the time). WJXX signed on the air on February 9, 1997, taking the ABC affiliation from WJKS (channel 17, now CW affiliate WCWJ). On that same day, WBSG dropped the WB affiliation and began carrying most of WJXX's schedule with deviations for channel 21's own local newscasts. The switch was supposed to occur in April 1997. However, when WJKS announced that it would drop the ABC affiliation in February and join The WB, under the callsign WJWB, ABC asked Allbritton to sign on WJXX two months earlier than originally planned.
Allbritton heavily invested in the two stations, including building studio facilities on A.C. Skinner Parkway in Jacksonville. However, WBSG and WJXX failed to gain significant ratings traction in the market. In addition to the early sign-on, the two stations' combined signal footprint was not nearly as large as those of CBS affiliate WJXT (channel 4, now an independent station) and NBC affiliate WTLV (channel 12).
After the FCC legalized television station duopolies on November 15, 1999, Allbritton announced the following day that it would sell WJXX to the Gannett Company, owner of WTLV. WBSG was not included in the sale. When the sale of WJXX to Gannett was finalized in March 2000, Allbritton made WBSG an affiliate of Pax (a forerunner to Ion Television). The network's parent company, Paxson Communications (now Ion Medi
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume%20licensing
|
In software licensing, volume licensing is the practice of using one license to authorize software on a large number of computers and/or for a large number of users. Customers of such licensing schemes are typically business, governmental or educational institutions, with prices for volume licensing varying depending on the type, quantity and applicable subscription-term. For example, Microsoft software available through volume-licensing programs includes Microsoft Windows and Microsoft Office.
Traditionally, a volume licensing key (VLK), which could be supplied to all instances of the licensed computer program, was involved in volume licensing. With the popularity of the software as a service practices, volume licensing customers only supply their software with credentials belonging to an online user account instead, which is used for other aspects of services and provisioning.
Overview
Traditionally, a product key has been supplied with computer programs. It acts analogously to a password: The computer programs of old ask the user to prove their entitlement; in response, the user provides this key. This key, however, must only be used once, i.e. on one computer. A volume licensing key (VLK), however, can be used on several computers. Vendors can take additional steps to ensure that their products' key are only used in the intended number. These efforts are called product activation.
Volume licenses are not always transferable. For example, only some types of Microsoft volume license can be transferred, provided a formal transfer process is completed, which enables Microsoft to register the new owner. A very small number of software vendors specialize in brokering such transfers in order to allow the selling of volume licenses and keys. The most notable of these, Discount-Licensing, pioneered the sale of Microsoft volume licenses in this way.
Notable examples
Microsoft
Microsoft has been engaged in volume licensing since its inception, as the enterprise sector is its primary market. With the release of Windows XP in 2001, Microsoft introduced Microsoft Product Activation, a digital rights management (DRM) scheme to curb software piracy among consumers by verifying the user's entitlement to the product license. At the time, however, the volume-licensed versions of Windows XP were exempt from this measure. (See .) Starting with Windows Vista, Microsoft introduced two volume licensing methods for IT professionals in charge of installing Windows in organizations, both of which are covered by Microsoft Product Activation: The first is Multiple Activation Keys (MAK), which are the same as Windows XP's volume licensing keys but require product activation. The second is Key Management Server (KMS) and its corresponding keys. Hosts activated via a KMS have to report back to a software license server once every 180 days. Licenses using these schemes can be procured via the Microsoft Software Assurance program.
A large group of Microsoft customers
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyber-dissident
|
A cyber-dissident is a professional journalist, an activist or citizen journalist who posts news, information, or commentary on the internet that implies criticism of a government or regime.
At least two nonprofit organizations are currently working to raise awareness of the contributions of cyber-dissidents and to defend them against the human rights violations to which some of them are subjected: Global Voices Online and Reporters Without Borders. The latter has released a Handbook For Bloggers and Cyber-Dissidents and maintains a roster of currently imprisoned cyber-dissidents.
In regions where print and broadcast media are tightly controlled, anonymous online postings by cyber-dissidents may be the only source of information about the experiences, feelings, and opinions of ordinary citizens. This advantage may be offset by the difficulty in assessing the good faith and accuracy of reports originating from anonymous sources.
Recently, social-media tools have been widely credited with igniting pervasive social upheavals, some of which have even brought down governments.
Persecution
Gabon
In 1998 Dr. Daniel Mengara, a Gabonese scholar and activist living New Jersey, created a website called Bongo Doit Partir (Bongo Must Go) to encourage a revolution against the regime of Omar Bongo in Gabon. In July 2003, Amnesty International reported the arrest of five Gabonese known to be members of Bongo Doit Partir. The members were detained for three months.
China
In 2003, Cai Lujun was imprisoned for posting a series of articles online under the pen name "盼民主"("expecting for democracy") criticizing the Chinese government.
Egypt
In 2006, several bloggers in Egypt were arrested for allegedly defaming the president Hosni Mubarak and expressing critical views about Islam
Iran
In 2005, Mohamad Reza Nasab Abdolahi was imprisoned for publishing an open letter to Ayatollah Ali Khamenei; Mohamad's pregnant wife and other bloggers who commented on Mohamad's treatment were also imprisoned.
Palestine
In October 2019, a Palestinian court blocked access to 59 websites that were identified as critical of the Palestinian Authority. According to the ruling, these websites published material that "threaten national security and civil peace".
Russia
When Russian president Vladimir Putin in 2006 called on his nation's women to have more children, journalist Vladimir Rakhmankov published a satiric article on the Internet calling Putin "the nation's phallic symbol". Rakhmankov was found guilty of offending Vladimir Putin, and fined by the court of the region he lived in to the sum equal of US$680. The overall story served as a good adversiting for Rakhmanov's article, that was republished by numerous Russian sources afterwards.
Three Russian bloggers has supposed in 2003, that Russian state security service FSB, the main successor to the KGB, created special teams of people who appear on various blogs to harass and intimidate political bloggers and thus effectiv
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golf%20Central
|
Golf Central is Golf Channel's news program. It was launched in 1995, in the same year as the network it airs on.
A nightly half-hour show, Golf Central features news and highlights from the major golf tours and events of the world, in addition to on-site reports from tournaments.
Format
The show's format involving anchors varies — sometimes there is just one anchor on the desk for a show; sometimes an anchor is joined by an analyst for tournament recaps; or two anchors will be used. With the recent additions of new talent for the show, the latter format has been utilized more recently. There is never one mainstay anchor team, as anchor teams vary from night to night.
While tournaments are in progress, editions of Golf Central air every half hour to provide updates on the current event, including highlights and leaderboards. During notable golf events (such as the Men's major tournaments and the Ryder Cup, among others), Golf Channel also airs special Live From editions of Golf Central before and after their respective broadcastswhich provides special extended coverage on-location from tournament sites; including analysis and coverage of press conferences.
Anchors and other contributors
Talent on the show varies from night to night, but in the show's rotation are several people who appear on the show in anchor roles. Those people are Cara Banks, Rich Lerner, Anna Jackson, Jimmy Roberts, Todd Lewis, Steve Burkowski, Amy Rogers and Matt Adams. The show also features a number of analysts who appear regularly to give opinions and insight, these include Brandel Chamblee, Jim Gallagher, Jr, Tripp Isenhour, Billy Kratzert, Johnson Wagner and Mark Rolfing.
External links
Golf Central official website
Golf Central Twitter Channel
Golf Channel original programming
1995 American television series debuts
1990s American television news shows
2000s American television news shows
2010s American television news shows
2020s American television news shows
Golf on NBC
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WPTS-FM
|
WPTS-FM is a non-commercial radio station owned by the University of Pittsburgh, and offers a mix of student-run programming, ranging from music programming to news and sports coverage. The station operates at 92.1 MHz with an ERP of 16 watts, and is licensed to Pittsburgh. Its transmitter is located on the top of the university's Cathedral of Learning in Pittsburgh.
History
WPTS-FM originally evolved from WPGH, an AM carrier current station that broadcast to the Pitt Student Union and dormitories. WPGH was started in the fall of 1957 by 12 students, including Adrian Cronauer, whose experiences in Vietnam were made famous by Robin Williams in the movie Good Morning, Vietnam. Since then, WPGH is now the call letters of the Fox TV station in Pittsburgh. The push to get an FM station began in the fall of 1977 when Pitt requested a space on the commercial FM broadcast band. Because the Federal Communications Commission was concerned that the move of WPTS to FM might set an unfavorable precedent for other non-commercial stations seeking to make a similar move, Pitt had to reassure the FCC that WPTS-FM was a unique case. As a result, WPTS-FM was granted a class D license with a radiating power of 10 Watts in the fall of 1984, the last 10-Watt station to be licensed by the FCC. The station was originally at 98.5 until 1994, when it moved to the current frequency.
After a reduction in power to two watts in May 2005 at the request of the FCC, WPTS acquired a new directional antenna in the summer of 2006 to reduce interference with WKPL, a commercial station to the northwest.
In 2009, 2012, 2013, and 2015 WPTS was nominated as one of the five to ten finalists for the mtvU Woodie Award for best college radio station in the United States. WPTS was awarded the Woodie Award in 2015.
In 2018, WPTS placed 2nd in the College Broadcasters, Inc. National Student Production Award for “Best Station Imaging.” CBI would award WPTS the first place position for “Best Podcast” in 2020 for the station’s “Impeachment Podcast,” based on the 2019 impeachment proceedings of President Donald J. Trump.
Promotions
WPTS-FM has conducted a variety of promotions. The "Moustache Challenge" was a group collaborative effort created by a number of WPTS-FM station staff in 2006 with the idea to see who might grow the most impressive moustache over the month of November. The idea is based on Jay Della Valle's The Glorious Mustache Challenge and the competition was open to anyone at the University of Pittsburgh. The promotion won the 2007 College Broadcasters, Inc. National Student Production Award for "Best Station Promotion". This contest followed the 2005 "Egg Hunt" contest, which won the 2006 College Broadcasters, Inc. National Student Production Award for "Best Station Promotion".
As part of its promotional efforts, WPTS-FM typically hosts a national touring band in both the fall and spring. Past bands that have played at WPTS-FM include Nirvana, Matt & Kim, Mates of State,
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paula%20Todd
|
Paula Todd is a Canadian multimedia journalist, investigative author, broadcaster, and lawyer. She is a professor in the School of Media at Seneca College, and is a frequent speaker on cyberabuse, Internet culture, writing, reporting, literacy and freedom of the press.
In 2012, she published an eBook about Canadian serial killer Karla Homolka. She has also published several other books, including Extreme Mean: Trolls, Bullies and Predators Online in 2014, and Extreme Mean: Ending Cyberabuse at School, Work & Home in 2015. The book was a shortlisted nominee for the 2014 Hilary Weston Writers' Trust Prize for Nonfiction and the 2015 Arthur Ellis Award for Best Crime Nonfiction.
Education
Todd graduated from York University with a Bachelor of Arts in English in 1982, and a Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) from Osgoode Hall Law School in 1988. She was called to the bar of the Law Society of Upper Canada (now known as Law Society of Ontario) in 1990. As of 2019, she is licensed, non-practicing lawyer in good standing with the Law Society of Ontario.
Career
Soon after graduating in 1982, she was hired by the Toronto Star, where she worked as a reporter, feature writer, and political correspondent. During her last four years at the Toronto Star, she also served as an editorial writer and a member of the newspaper's editorial board.
In 1996, she was hired by TVOntario, where she and Steve Paikin co-hosted the nightly newsmagazine Studio 2 for 10 years. She also hosted and co-produced Person 2 Person with Paula Todd, an interview program first broadcast in 2000. She was hired by CTV News Channel, where she did investigative reporting and hosted The Verdict with Paula Todd, a prime-time legal and justice affairs program. The debut episode of The Verdict was broadcast from Chicagoon 15 March 2007 and covered United States v. Black, the criminal fraud trial of Conrad Black. Todd also worked as an investigative reporter for W5 on CTV News.
Todd has written for numerous publications, including The Globe and Mail, the Toronto Star, Maclean's, Canadian Living and Law Times.
Todd served as a judge for the National Newspaper Awards, the Advancing Canadian Entrepreneurship (ACE) Awards, is a National Magazine Award nominee, and won the Paramedic Association's Media Award for public education. She is a literacy advocate, and served on the Board of Directors of Integra, an organization that assists children and teens with learning disabilities, a cause she supports.
She served on the board of Canadian Journalists for Free Expression, and is the author of the book A Quiet Courage: Inspiring Stories from All of Us which was published in 2004. It was based on Person 2 Person.
A frequent contributor to radio and television before joining TVO, Todd was a regular host on CBC Newsworld's Face Off, appeared as a frequent Global TV and CBC panelist, and also as a political analyst for CBC Radio in Toronto and Ottawa. Her contract with CTV News began on 1 March 2007.
Writing
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumblepop
|
is a 1991 platform arcade video game developed by Data East first published in Japan by Namco, then in North America by Leprechaun Inc. and later in Europe by Mitchell Corporation. Starring two ghosthunters, players are tasked with travelling across different countries, capturing enemies and throwing them as bouncing ball, jumping on and off platforms to navigate level obstacles while dodging and defeating monsters in order to save the world.
Designed by Makoto Kikuchi, Tumblepop was developed by most of the same team that worked on several projects at Data East. Although first launched in arcades, the game was later ported across multiple platforms, each one featuring several changes or additions compared with the original version. The title was met with mostly positive reception from critics and players alike, gaining a cult following since its initial release. However, other versions were met with a more mixed response from reviewers.
Gameplay
Tumblepop is a platform game reminiscent of Bubble Bobble, Pang and Snow Bros., where players assume the role of ghosthunters through ten levels consisting of ten stages set in different parts of the world (Moscow, Egypt, Paris, New York City, Rio de Janeiro, Antarctica, Australia, Japan, Space and Moon), each with a boss at the every tenth stage that must be fought before progressing any further, in an effort to defeat monsters, ghosts, aliens and other oddball characters as the main objective. Each player can suck enemies into a vacuum-cleaner-like devices, however enemies will escape from the player's vacuum-cleaner and kill their character if they are kept for too long. Once an enemy has been captured into the vacuum-cleaner, players can spit them back as rolling balls, which will rebound off of walls until eventually shattering against a wall.
Any enemies the tumbling ball rolls into are eliminated and reveal hidden bonus items that are crucial for reaching high-scores such as collectable letters of the alphabet found in randomly appearing bubbles to gradually spell the word "TUMBLEPOP", the progress of which is permanently displayed at the bottom of the screen. The word goes back to default after completion. When completed, players are transported to a bonus level which gives them the opportunity to obtain higher scores and an extra life, although this level is strictly timed. If the player takes too much time to complete a level, a vampire-like beast will come and try to kill the players, which is invincible and this also counts during boss encounters.
When players bowl an enemy over, it may drop other items like gems, money or power-ups. Players can also stun enemies with the beam emitted from the vacuum-cleaner. The game hosts cameos of characters from other Data East games such as Karnov, Atomic Runner Chelnov and Joe & Mac. If a single player is downed, their character is immediately respawned at the location they start at on every stage. Getting hit by enemy fire will result in losing a
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crucible%20%28geodemography%29
|
Crucible is a geodemography computer system created by the United Kingdom-based grocery company Tesco. The system is run by a subsidiary Dunnhumby. The system collects information from the company's loyalty program, "Clubcard", as well as aggregating information from other geodemographic databases and other sources. The system has been used to sell customer information to other companies in the UK, leading to accusations in 2005 that the company, with its large share of the UK shopping sector, has become too powerful.
References
Guardian article on Crucible
Another Guardian article on Crucible
External links
dunnhumby
Geodemographic databases
Geographical databases in the United Kingdom
Tesco
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starfire%20video%20prototype
|
Starfire was a Sun Microsystems promotional video filmed in 1994, demonstrating Bruce Tognazzini's ideas for a 21st-century computer user interface. Inspired in part by Apple Computer's Knowledge Navigator film from 1987, Tognazzini and his team at SunSoft sought to create a more realistic look at how computer technology and interfaces would improve. The project drew together the talents of more than 100 engineers, designers, futurists, and filmmakers in an effort to both predict and guide the future of computing.
The film is set in the year 2004 and features a protagonist interacting by voice, mouse, and stylus with a . The story concerns an executive at an auto-maker who must make a compelling presentation for her design.
In the video's boardroom scene, it predicts the rise of a new technology similar to what is now known as the World Wide Web.
Popular Science Magazine reported, in March 2009, that Microsoft had just produced a new video showing life in the year 2019: "The 2019 Microsoft details with this video is almost identical to the 2004 predicted in this video produced by Sun Microsystems in 1992."
In addition to the film, the project also produced:
Tog on Software Design, which not only covers the film in intimate detail, but lays out several more equally thought-provoking scenarios, even if they were not enshrined in celluloid.
Starfire, the Paper, published in the CHI Proceedings, outlining the rules followed in attempting to build a scientifically legitimate video prototype, as opposed to simply confabulating a fanciful, but non-implementable, vision.
The film was released as the Starfire video, in NTSC format, and later made available as part of a collection of human-computer interaction videos.
Similar
Corning's 2011 A Day Made of Glass promotional video has similar elements
References
External links
"Future Forward"—a review of Starfire in Wired Magazine issue
Popular Science Article on Starfire vs. Microsoft3.09—Street Cred section
1994 films
Sun Microsystems
User interfaces
Films set in 2004
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DPLL%20algorithm
|
In logic and computer science, the Davis–Putnam–Logemann–Loveland (DPLL) algorithm is a complete, backtracking-based search algorithm for deciding the satisfiability of propositional logic formulae in conjunctive normal form, i.e. for solving the CNF-SAT problem.
It was introduced in 1961 by Martin Davis, George Logemann and Donald W. Loveland and is a refinement of the earlier Davis–Putnam algorithm, which is a resolution-based procedure developed by Davis and Hilary Putnam in 1960. Especially in older publications, the Davis–Logemann–Loveland algorithm is often referred to as the "Davis–Putnam method" or the "DP algorithm". Other common names that maintain the distinction are DLL and DPLL.
Implementations and applications
The SAT problem is important both from theoretical and practical points of view. In complexity theory it was the first problem proved to be NP-complete, and can appear in a broad variety of applications such as model checking, automated planning and scheduling, and diagnosis in artificial intelligence.
As such, writing efficient SAT solvers has been a research topic for many years. GRASP (1996-1999) was an early implementation using DPLL. In the international SAT competitions, implementations based around DPLL such as zChaff and MiniSat were in the first places of the competitions in 2004 and 2005.
Another application that often involves DPLL is automated theorem proving or satisfiability modulo theories (SMT), which is a SAT problem in which propositional variables are replaced with formulas of another mathematical theory.
The algorithm
The basic backtracking algorithm runs by choosing a literal, assigning a truth value to it, simplifying the formula and then recursively checking if the simplified formula is satisfiable; if this is the case, the original formula is satisfiable; otherwise, the same recursive check is done assuming the opposite truth value. This is known as the splitting rule, as it splits the problem into two simpler sub-problems. The simplification step essentially removes all clauses that become true under the assignment from the formula, and all literals that become false from the remaining clauses.
The DPLL algorithm enhances over the backtracking algorithm by the eager use of the following rules at each step:
Unit propagation If a clause is a unit clause, i.e. it contains only a single unassigned literal, this clause can only be satisfied by assigning the necessary value to make this literal true. Thus, no choice is necessary. Unit propagation consists in removing every clause containing a unit clause's literal and in discarding the complement of a unit clause's literal from every clause containing that complement. In practice, this often leads to deterministic cascades of units, thus avoiding a large part of the naive search space.
Pure literal elimination If a propositional variable occurs with only one polarity in the formula, it is called pure. A pure literal can always be assigned in a
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPAQ%20%28desktop%20computer%29
|
The iPAQ Desktop Personal Computer in its various incarnations was a legacy-free PC produced by the Compaq Computer Corporation around the year 2000.
The iMac-inspired Compaq iPAQ was primarily designed to be a portable desktop computer that could be used as a simple internet capable computer.
Hardware
The iPAQ had very few limitations on upgradability; hard drives, RAM, CPU and 'Multi-Bay' drives can be readily interchanged, although the iPAQ did not contain sockets for expansion cards.
It featured an interchangeable 'Multi-Bay' slot that could accept a 3.5 inch LS SuperDisk drive (the only way to read a floppy disk - standard Multi-Bay floppy drives do not work), optical drives, or a secondary hard disk device. The slot was the same as those found on many Compaq Armada and many other HP/Compaq laptop computer systems.
By a method of convection for cooling, these computers were commonly found in office environments due to their low noise (dB) output.
The iPAQ ran on either an Intel Pentium III processor or on an Intel Celeron processor; ranging from 500 MHz to 1 GHz processor in a PGA370 socket.
The internal RAM was upgradable to 512 MB of 100 MHz 168pin SDR SDRAM. Due to the RAM limit of the Intel 815 series chipset, the BIOS in the iPAQ prevents the system from booting if there is more than 512 MB installed, instructing the user to decrease the amount of RAM in the system to no more than 512 MB.
The first version came in two different models, "Legacy free" which had no parallel, serial, or PS/2 ports and instead 3 additional USB ports on the back; and the traditional one which included the parallel, serial, and PS/2 ports but only had USB ports on the front. The second version had different styling and had a backpack which added the "legacy" ports.
iPAQ Desktops were typically sold with Windows 98 or Windows 2000 already installed. They are easily upgraded to Windows XP and can also technically run Windows Vista and Windows 7 despite the low RAM limit. In the case of Windows 7, the only way to utilize the onboard video chip is to install the Intel815 Windows XP Drivers.
Internet appliance
For a short time, around the year 2000, Compaq released a few models of an iPAQ that functioned as internet appliances. They did not have a CD-ROM drive and offered very few ports to connect to for very basic use.
There were two variants of the flat-panel iPAQs, a common Windows CE based version in a white case, and the less common blue version known as the 'Clipper'.
The Windows CE version was sometimes called the 'MSN Messenger version' and worked exclusively with the Microsoft Network over a dial-up connection using the Windows CE version of Internet Explorer.
The Clipper appeared to be designed more for commercial environments and used a compact operating system based on BeOS called BeIA. The built-in "Wagner" web browser application was a customized version of the Opera browser.
The Clipper also included a standard 10BASE-T Ethernet port,
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American%20National%20Corpus
|
The American National Corpus (ANC) is a text corpus of American English containing 22 million words of written and spoken data produced since 1990. Currently, the ANC includes a range of genres, including emerging genres such as email, tweets, and web data that are not included in earlier corpora such as the British National Corpus. It is annotated for part of speech and lemma, shallow parse, and named entities.
The ANC is available from the Linguistic Data Consortium. A fifteen million word subset of the corpus, called the Open American National Corpus (OANC), is freely available with no restrictions on its use from the ANC Website.
The corpus and its annotations are provided according to the specifications of ISO/TC 37 SC4's Linguistic Annotation Framework. By using a freely provided transduction tool (ANC2Go), the corpus and user-chosen annotations are provided in multiple formats, including CoNLL IOB format, the XML format conformant to the XML Corpus Encoding Standard (XCES) (usable with the British National Corpus's XAIRA search engine), a UIMA-compliant format, and formats suitable for input to a wide variety of concordance software. Plugins to import the annotations into General Architecture for Text Engineering (GATE) are also available.
The ANC differs from other corpora of English because it is richly annotated, including different part of speech annotations (Penn tags, CLAWS5 and CLAWS7 tags), shallow parse annotations, and annotations for several types of named entities. Additional annotations are added to all or parts of the corpus as they become available, often by contributions from other projects. Unlike on-line searchable corpora, which due to copyright restrictions allow access only to individual sentences, the entire ANC is available to enable research involving, for example, development of statistical language models and full-text linguistic annotation.
ANC annotations are automatically produced and unvalidated.
A 500,000 word subset called the Manually Annotated Sub-Corpus (MASC) is annotated for approximately 20 different kinds of linguistic annotations, all of which have been hand-validated or manually produced. These include Penn Treebank syntactic annotation, WordNet sense annotation, FrameNet semantic frame annotations, among others. Like the OANC, MASC is freely available for any use, and can be downloaded from the ANC site or from the Linguistic Data Consortium. It is also distributed in part-of-speech tagged form with the Natural Language Toolkit.
The ANC and its sub-corpora differ from similar corpora primarily in the range of linguistic annotations provided and the inclusion of modern genres that do not appear in resources like the British National Corpus. Also, because the initial target use of the corpora was the development of statistical language models, the full data and all annotations are available, thus differing from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) which is available only selec
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computers%20for%20African%20Schools
|
Computers for African Schools is a charity based in the United Kingdom which aims to give children in developing African countries the opportunity to gain experience with and understanding of computers and IT. As of the end of 2011 CFAS had sent 30,000 computer systems to five main CFAS programme countries: Zambia (11,500), Zimbabwe (7,500), Malawi (5,500), Tanzania (900), and Zanzibar (800); and smaller quantities (4000 in total) have also been donated to partner NGO's in Kenya, Mozambique, South Africa, Gambia, Egypt, Ghana, Sierra Leone, Niger, Ethiopia and Liberia. More than 1500 schools have computer labs set up through the scheme. Every state and mission secondary school in Zambia has been provided with at least 10 computers through the scheme.
The computers are donated free to the schools and two teachers from each recipient school are trained to teach IT as a subject. The programmes in the CFAS scheme recipient countries are administered by local administering NGOs (Computers for Zambian Schools, Computers for Malawian Schools, Computers for Zimbabwean Schools, Computers for Tanzanian Schools and Computers for Zanzibar Schools, respectively.)
The organisation is listed by the umbrella resource Digital Dividend.
The computers are recycled from redundant hardware donated by businesses and other organisations in the UK. Currently, nothing less than a Pentium IV specification is used. CFAS works in close collaboration with IT Schools Africa and the computers are refurbished by ITSA using volunteers who make sure that the computers are checked, parts are replaced if necessary and hard drives are wiped to UK Ministry of Defence standards. The majority of the computers are refurbished by prisoners in a range of prisons throughout England as part of rehabilitation training. Once in Africa, through agreement with Microsoft, Windows operating system and Office is installed.
When donated computers reach the end of their life or are found to be unserviceable, the local CFAS administering NGO collects them from the schools and they are shipped to a recycling plant in Johannesburg run by DESCO. DESCO has a zero land fill policy and all materials are recycled.
It is the long-term aim of CFAS to enable every state secondary pupil in the recipient countries to have access to computer lessons and to ensure the sustainability of the scheme.
As of the end of 2011, the Computers for African Scheme is now wholly administered and carried out by IT Schools Africa.
See also
Computer recycling
Computer technology for developing areas
Global digital divide
External links
Computers for African Schools
Times Educational Supplement article
References
Educational charities based in the United Kingdom
Education in Africa
Information technology charities based in the United Kingdom
Science and technology in Africa
Charities operating in another country
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser%20engineered%20net%20shaping
|
Laser powder forming, also known by the proprietary name (laser engineered net shaping) is an additive manufacturing technology developed for fabricating metal parts directly from a computer-aided design (CAD) solid model by using a metal powder injected into a molten pool created by a focused, high-powered laser beam. This technique is also equivalent to several trademarked techniques that have the monikers direct metal deposition (DMD), and laser consolidation (LC). Compared to processes that use powder beds, such as selective laser melting (SLM) objects created with this technology can be substantially larger, even up to several feet long.
Method
A high power laser is used to melt metal powder supplied coaxially to the focus of the laser beam through a deposition head. The laser beam typically travels through the center of the head and is focused to a small spot by one or more lenses. The X-Y table is moved in raster fashion to fabricate each layer of the object. The head is moved up vertically after each layer is completed.
Metal powders are delivered and distributed around the circumference of the head either by gravity, or by using a pressurized carrier gas. An inert shroud gas is often used to shield the melt pool from atmospheric oxygen for better control of properties, and to promote layer to layer adhesion by providing better surface wetting.
Other techniques
This process is similar to other 3D fabrication technologies in its approach in that it forms a solid component by the layer additive method. The LENS process can go from metal and metal oxide powder to metal parts, in many cases without any secondary operations. LENS is similar to selective laser sintering, but the metal powder is applied only where material is being added to the part at that moment. It can produce parts in a wide range of alloys, including titanium, stainless steel, aluminum, and other specialty materials; as well as composite and functionally graded materials. Primary applications for LENS technology include repair and overhaul, rapid prototyping, rapid manufacturing, and limited-run manufacturing for aerospace, defense, and medical markets. Microscopy studies show the LENS parts to be fully dense with no compositional degradation. Mechanical testing reveals outstanding as-fabricated mechanical properties.
The process can also make "near" net shape parts when it is not possible to make an item to exact specifications. In these cases post-production process like light machining, surface finishing, or heat treatment may be applied to achieve end compliance. It is used as finishing operations.
References
External links
Sandia National Laboratory LENS article.
3D printing processes
Laser applications
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20late-night%20American%20network%20TV%20programs
|
Late night television in the United States is the block of television programming intended for broadcast after 11:00 p.m. and usually through 2:00 a.m. Eastern and Pacific Time (ET/PT), but which informally can include programs aired as late as the designated overnight graveyard slot.
By definition, late night programming begins on the Big Three television networks (ABC, NBC and CBS) at or shortly before 11:35 p.m. ET/PT, after the conclusion of local late-evening newscasts on their owned-and-operated and affiliated stations; late night programming on other broadcast networks, including Fox and PBS, and cable television channels start at 11:00 p.m. ET/PT. Some streaming services (such as Netflix, Hulu and Amazon Prime Video) have ventured into the late-night talk format at various times in recent years, though these programs are in-format-only, given that episodes are often released before the start of the designated time period.
The following is a list of programs that are currently airing or have previously aired during the late night daypart on American television networks and streaming services.
Current
Past
Broadcast networks
ABC
The Les Crane Show (November 9, 1964 – February 25, 1965) – interview/tabloid talk format with audience questions
ABC's Nightlife (March 1–November 12, 1965) – talk/variety series serving as a reformatting of The Les Crane Show; originally featured rotating hosts, before Crane returned as host in June 1965
The Joey Bishop Show (April 17, 1967 – December 26, 1969)
The Dick Cavett Show (December 29, 1969 – January 1, 1975)
Wide World of Entertainment (January 8, 1973 – October 22, 1982, retitled ABC Late Night in January 1976) – originally a block of comedy/variety programs, talk shows hosted by Dick Cavett (The Dick Cavett Show) and Jack Paar (Jack Paar Tonite), concerts, documentaries and specials; reformatted as ABC Late Night in 1976, featuring reruns of ABC prime time shows (such as Soap, The Love Boat and Starsky & Hutch)
In Concert (November 24, 1972 – April 25, 1975) – aired Friday nights
Good Night America (1973–1975) – hosted by Geraldo Rivera; aired as part of ABC's Wide World of Entertainment
Fridays (April 11, 1980 – April 23, 1982) – sketch comedy series
The Last Word (October 1982–April 1983) – hosted by Phil Donahue and Greg Jackson
One on One (April–August 1983) – hosted by Greg Jackson
Eye on Hollywood (August 1983–July 1986) – entertainment news/interview program
Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous (July–September 1986) – aired simultaneously on ABC and in syndication
The Dick Cavett Show (September 22–December 30, 1986) – aired Tuesdays and Wednesdays
Jimmy Breslin's People (September 1986–January 1987) – aired Thursdays and Fridays
Monday Sportsnite (June–August 1987) – sports discussion program; hosted by Al Trautwig; aired Monday nights
Into the Night Starring Rick Dees (July 1990–July 1991)
ABC In Concert (June 7, 1991 – September 11, 1998) – aired Friday nights
ABC In
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age%20progression
|
Age progression is the method involved with changing a photo of an individual to show the impact of maturing on their appearance. Computerized image processing is the most widely recognized procedure, in spite of the fact that craftsmen's drawings are frequently used. Age progression is most frequently utilized as a forensic tool by law enforcement officers to show the likely current appearance of a missing individual anticipated from a photo that might be years old.
Age progression and law enforcement
There are two significant kinds of age progression in the criminal field. Juvenile age progression is utilized to assist with locating abducted and missing children. A face changes significantly between childhood and adulthood. Age progression images have shown to be exceptionally helpful in the recovery of these children. Adult age progression is utilized while attempting to find adult criminals who have evaded law enforcement for an extensive period of time. Both the terms “adult age progression” and “fugitive update” are used, depending on the status of the target individual. Although a lot of work goes into creating an age progression, the level of accuracy can depend on a lot of factors. The age the person was when a photo was last taken of them, and a good timeline of photographs of the person throughout their lives to show how their facial features were changing are several main factors. To try to get an accurate progression, the artist will require photographs of other relatives to perceive how their faces have changed as the years progressed, alongside knowing family characteristics such as when other relatives began losing their hair, on the off chance that the missing individual had any identifying features that would stand out. The way people age is often inherited. Therefore, a close look at pictures of a brother or sister, a mom or a dad, or even a person’s grandparents will give the artist valuable clues about whether to add a double chin or take away half of the person’s hair. It requires years of practice and studying to be a certified specialist creating these photographs, and every illustration can take numerous hours or even days, relying upon the circumstances and the amount of data the artist receives to work with.
Age progression in media
Age progression is an occasional theme in anime/manga, motion pictures, cartoons and comics, literature, and stage performances. One of the earliest mentions is the Athena origin legend, who leaped from Zeus's skull fully grown. The protagonist of the Vietnamese Giong legend grew up rapidly.
Literature
A classic work where age progression is thwarted rather than accelerated, is Oscar Wilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray; at the end of the story, the protagonist undergoes AP after killing his likeness in a painting, which had previously preserved Gray's youthful appearance.
In the book "Happy Birthday, Dear Amy" by Marilyn Kaye, a 13-year-old girl grows into a 25-year-old overnight.
Jap
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet%20leak
|
An internet leak is the unauthorized release of information over the internet. Various types of information and data can be, and have been, "leaked" to the Internet, the most common being personal information, computer software and source code, and artistic works such as books or albums. For example, a musical album is leaked if it has been made available to the public on the Internet before its official release date.
Music leaks
Source code leaks
Source code leaks are usually caused by misconfiguration of software like CVS or FTP which allow people to get source files through exploits, software bugs, or employees that have access to the sources or part of them revealing the code in order to harm the company.
There were many cases of source code leaks in the history of software development.
As Fraunhofer IIS released in 1994 only a low quality version of their MP3 encoding software (l3enc), a hacker named SoloH gathered the source code from the unprotected servers of the University of Erlangen and developed a higher quality version, which started the MP3 revolution on the internet.
Around 1996 Electronic Arts accidentally put the source code of the video game FIFA 97 on a demo disc.
In 2003, Axel Gembe, a German hacker, who had infiltrated Valve's internal network months earlier, exploited a security hole in Microsoft's Outlook to get the complete source of the video game Half-Life 2. The source code was leaked online a week later, a playable version of Half-Life 2 was compiled from the source code, revealing how unfinished it was. The leaks damaged morale at Valve and slowed development. In March 2004, Gembe contacted Gabe Newell, CEO of Valve, and identified himself, saying he was a fan and had not acted maliciously. Newell worked with the FBI to invite Gembe to a fake job interview, planning to have him arrested in the USA; however, police arrested him in Germany. The complete source was soon available in various file sharing networks.
Also in 2003, source code to Diebold Election Systems Inc. voting machines was leaked. Researchers at Johns Hopkins University and Rice University published a critique of Diebold's products, based on an analysis of the software. They found, for example, that it would be easy to program a counterfeit voting card to work with the machines and then use it to cast multiple votes inside the voting booth.
In 2003 a Chinese hacker acquired the source code for Lineage II and sold it to someone in California who then used it to create a bootleg version of the game, powered by his own servers. Despite warnings from NCSoft that pirating an online game was considered illegal, he continued doing so for a few years, until the Federal Bureau of Investigation finally raided his home in 2007, seized the servers and permanently disabled the website that fronted his bootleg version of Lineage II.
In 2003, one year after 3dfx was bought by Nvidia and support ended, the source code for their drivers leaked, resulting in fan-mad
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20conferencing
|
Data conferencing refers to a communication session among two or more participants sharing computer data in real time. Interaction and presentation devices such as a screen, keyboard, mouse, camera, etc. can be shared or be able to control each other computer. It is used to distinguish from video conferencing and audio conferencing.
The data can include screen, documents, graphics, drawings and applications that can be seen, annotated or manipulated by participants.
See also
Comparison of remote desktop software
Remote Desktop Protocol
Virtual Network Computing (VNC)
Web Conferencing
References
Groupware
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Big%20Stuffed%20Dog
|
The Big Stuffed Dog is a 1981 children's film about the adventures of a plush Snoopy. It aired on NBC as part of its Project Peacock series which featured family-based specials and programming.
Plot
A little boy named Petey takes his big Snoopy doll on his airplane trip, only to lose it after landing at the airport. Petey looks for the doll as it goes on an adventure of its own and is passed around from person to person.
Production
Peanuts creator, cartoonist Charles Schulz, wrote the script. Comparing the experience to the many Peanuts television specials, Schulz said, "When we did The Big Stuffed Dog it was a pleasure working with adult professional actors who took some of the lines I had written and really brought them to life. I'm afraid that many of the child actors don't bring the lines up to the level you would really like."
References
External links
1981 films
1981 comedy-drama films
American children's comedy films
American comedy-drama films
Children's comedy-drama films
Films about dogs
Films directed by Robert Fuest
Peanuts television specials
1980s children's comedy films
1980s English-language films
1980s American films
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chepstow%20railway%20station
|
Chepstow railway station is a part of the British railway system owned by Network Rail and is operated by Transport for Wales. Chepstow station is on the Gloucester to Newport Line, from the zero point at , measured via Stroud. It is from the town centre, at Station Road. Chepstow is a historic walled border town and ancient port, situated at the southern end of the Wye Valley, two hours from London.
The line continues east from the station to Gloucester over the Chepstow railway bridge. It was formerly the junction station for the Wye Valley Railway to Monmouth Troy station until this line closed to passengers in 1959. The railway now consists of a double track line with a trailing crossover to the east of the station, plus some disused track in the former yard.
Description
The single-storey buildings on the Gloucester/Birmingham side of the line are stone and timber-built structures, in an Italianate style. They were completed in 1850 for Isambard Kingdom Brunel's South Wales Railway, and according to architectural historian John Newman were designed by N. Lancaster Owen. A canopy provides shelter. On the more popular Newport/Cardiff side, there is just a small modern shelter.
Access to this platform is via a cast-iron footbridge, making it difficult for passengers with pushchairs and the old and the infirm to cross. The footbridge is a now-rare survival of a typical GWR iron pattern, still with its wooden cladding and canopy, and is Grade II listed. It was cast in Edward Finch's ironworks, adjoining the station. In January 2021, the footbridge was removed for extensive repairs and is due to be reinstalled during the Spring. A temporary footbridge was installed prior to its removal.
Other Grade II listings at the station include the two bridges: the surviving piers and abutment of the Chepstow Railway Bridge, and the bridge providing access to the steam mill and ironworks site.
Services
The local rail service is sporadic, running an hourly service in each direction. A local campaign has been established, with the support of the local MP, Welsh Assembly members, County Council and town council, to improve rail services to the town. In May 2011, CrossCountry commenced a year-long trial of stopping its Cardiff-Birmingham- services at the station on weekdays and Saturdays. In December 2011, it was reported that the trial would be extended until at least December 2012.
As of May 2016, the service pattern consists of the hourly (with occasional two-hour gaps) - Cardiff Central - service (serving all intermediate stations between Gloucester & Newport) plus calls every second hour by the CrossCountry Nottingham - Cardiff Central trains. On Sundays, there is a two-hourly service in each direction (no CrossCountry services).
Facilities
The station is staffed, and a cafe offering light refreshments is available in the main building. The ticket office is run by a third-party operator, Chepstow Trains, on behalf of Network Rail and Transport f
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unstructured%20data
|
Unstructured data (or unstructured information) is information that either does not have a pre-defined data model or is not organized in a pre-defined manner. Unstructured information is typically text-heavy, but may contain data such as dates, numbers, and facts as well. This results in irregularities and ambiguities that make it difficult to understand using traditional programs as compared to data stored in fielded form in databases or annotated (semantically tagged) in documents.
In 1998, Merrill Lynch said "unstructured data comprises the vast majority of data found in an organization, some estimates run as high as 80%." It's unclear what the source of this number is, but nonetheless it is accepted by some. Other sources have reported similar or higher percentages of unstructured data.
, IDC and Dell EMC project that data will grow to 40 zettabytes by 2020, resulting in a 50-fold growth from the beginning of 2010. More recently, IDC and Seagate predict that the global datasphere will grow to 163 zettabytes by 2025 and majority of that will be unstructured. The Computer World magazine states that unstructured information might account for more than 70–80% of all data in organizations.
Background
The earliest research into business intelligence focused in on unstructured textual data, rather than numerical data. As early as 1958, computer science researchers like H.P. Luhn were particularly concerned with the extraction and classification of unstructured text. However, only since the turn of the century has the technology caught up with the research interest. In 2004, the SAS Institute developed the SAS Text Miner, which uses Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) to reduce a hyper-dimensional textual space into smaller dimensions for significantly more efficient machine-analysis. The mathematical and technological advances sparked by machine textual analysis prompted a number of businesses to research applications, leading to the development of fields like sentiment analysis, voice of the customer mining, and call center optimization. The emergence of Big Data in the late 2000s led to a heightened interest in the applications of unstructured data analytics in contemporary fields such as predictive analytics and root cause analysis.
Issues with terminology
The term is imprecise for several reasons:
Structure, while not formally defined, can still be implied.
Data with some form of structure may still be characterized as unstructured if its structure is not helpful for the processing task at hand.
Unstructured information might have some structure (semi-structured) or even be highly structured but in ways that are unanticipated or unannounced.
Dealing with unstructured data
Techniques such as data mining, natural language processing (NLP), and text analytics provide different methods to find patterns in, or otherwise interpret, this information. Common techniques for structuring text usually involve manual tagging with metadata or part
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable%20Draughts%20Notation
|
Portable Draughts Notation (.PDN) is the standard computer-processable format for recording draughts games. This format is derived from Portable Game Notation, which is the standard chess format.
PDN files are text files which must contain Tag Pairs and Movetext for each game.
Tag Pairs
Tag pairs begin with "[", the name of the tag, the tag value enclosed in double-quotes, and a closing "]". There must be a newline after each tag. Tag names are case-sensitive.
PDN data for archival storage is required to provide 7 tags.
Event the name of the tournament or match event
Site the location of the event. This is in "City, Region COUNTRY" format, where COUNTRY is the 3-letter International Olympic Committee code for the country. An example is "New York City, NY USA".
Date the starting date of the game, in YYYY.MM.DD form. "??" are used for unknown values
Round the playing round ordinal of the game
White the player of the White pieces, in "last name, first name" format
Black the player of the Black pieces, same format as White
Result the result of the game. This can only have four possible values: "1-0" (White won), "0-1" (Black won), "1/2-1/2" (Draw), or "*" (other, e.g., the game is ongoing)
FEN the initial position of the checkers board. This is used to record partial games (starting at some initial position). It is also necessary for some draughts variants where the initial position is not always the same as traditional checkers. If a FEN tag is used, a separate tag pair "SetUp" is required and have its value set to "1".
A position can be stored by the FEN tag:
[SetUp "1"]
[FEN "[Turn]:[Color 1][K][Square number][,]...]:[Color 2][K][Square number][,]...]"]
Turn the side to move, B for Black, W for White
Color 1 and Color 2 the color for the Square numbers that follow B for Black, W, and the sequence is unimportant.
K optional before square number, indicates the piece on that square is a king, otherwise it is a man.
Square number indicates the square number occupied by a piece. The square number must be at least a "1". On an 8×8 board, it has a range from 1-32. These are comma separated, and the sequence is unimportant.
Examples:
[FEN "B:W18,24,27,28,K10,K15:B12,16,20,K22,K25,K29"]
[FEN "B:W18,19,21,23,24,26,29,30,31,32:B1,2,3,4,6,7,9,10,11,12"]
Movetext
Movetext contains the actual moves for the game. Moves begin with the source square number, then a "-" or "x", finally destination square number. Jumps must be specified by each square that would be jumped ("11x18x25"), or two squares only ("11x25").
The end of the game must contain the 4 standard result codes: "1-0", "1/2-1/2" "0-1", and "*". The codes must be the same as the Result tag pair.
An annotator who wishes to suggest alternative moves to those actually played in the game may insert variations enclosed in parentheses.
Comments may be added by either a ";" (a comment that continues to the end of the line) or a "{" (which continues until a matching "}"). Comments do not ne
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%20Kilda%20%E2%80%93%20Windsor%20railway%20line
|
The St Kilda-Windsor railway line was a short-lived section of railway that linked the isolated Windsor to Brighton (Bay Street) section of the Melbourne railway network to the city. The branch line fell into disuse when an alternative route was built between Windsor and Richmond stations.
Purpose
Windsor station, originally called "Chapel Street Station", was the terminus for northbound trains on the Brighton Beach line. It was run by the St Kilda and Brighton Railway Company, which built the loop line connecting the isolated Brighton line to the St Kilda line, so that the former could be connected to the city. Trains from the city travelled south to St Kilda terminus, and then "backed out" on to the loop line to Windsor. The loop was carried on wooden trestles across a swamp now known as the Albert Park Lake, and had a raised embankment with a bridge over St Kilda Road.
A possible reason for the construction of the loop line connecting through to St Kilda was the difficulty experienced by contractors in constructing a rail crossing over the Yarra River at Cremorne, known in the mid-19th century as "Forrest Hill". In the mid-19th century the railway bisected a swamp. Cooper (1924; p. 181) reports that when the rail embankment was first being constructed it subsided, burying ballast trucks in the swamp. The cost of recovering the trucks was deemed to be uneconomic, so a second embankment was constructed over them.
Operation
The first train on the loop line from St Kilda was on 3 December 1859, and it opened to the public ten days later. There were no trains after 7 pm on the branch line; patrons simply walked to their homes in Prahran from St Kilda station in Fitzroy Street.
A short time after the loop line was constructed, a competing connection was built between Windsor and Richmond stations, with the first train arriving at Windsor directly from Melbourne on 24 November 1860. The loop line to St Kilda then fell into disuse, and track duplication, a condition of the original Crown lease, was never completed.
Station histories
Demise
The St Kilda and Brighton Railway Company experienced financial difficulties, no doubt exacerbated by the direct link to Melbourne through Prahran and Windsor, and was bought by the Melbourne and Suburban Railway Company in 1862. The track, bridge and trestles between St Kilda Station and Punt Road were dismantled, probably less than five years after original construction. However, a siding from Windsor station to Hoddle Street remained. Due to the track alignments there were now two level crossings within on Union Street, because the siding continued to be used for shunting trains from the Brighton line, and to carry screenings from the Richmond quarries to a commercial depot on Punt Road (then known as Hoddle Street).
Perversely, it was due to local annoyance at the level crossing on the siding near the station that trains won the legal right-of-way at road-rail intersections in Victoria. Indignant at
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major%20League%20Baseball%20on%20CBS
|
Major League Baseball on CBS is the branding used for broadcasts of Major League Baseball (MLB) games produced by CBS Sports, the sports division of the CBS television network in the United States.
History
The network has aired Major League Baseball telecasts in several variations dating back to the 1950s.
1947–1951
CBS broadcast Games 3–4 of the 1947 World Series (the first World Series to ever be televised) with Bob Edge on the call. However, the 1947 World Series was only seen in four markets via coaxial inter-connected stations: New York City; Philadelphia; Schenectady, New York; Washington, D.C.; and, environs surrounding these cities. Outside of New York, coverage was pooled, which continued through 1950. By that point, World Series games could be seen in most of the country, but not all.
On July 12, 1949, CBS broadcast the All-Star Game from Ebbets Field in Brooklyn, New York. Red Barber, who was the primary broadcaster for the Brooklyn Dodgers at the time, provided play-by-play. Barber had already, by 1946, added to his Brooklyn duties a job as sports director of the CBS Radio Network, succeeding Ted Husing and continuing through 1955. There, his greatest contribution was to conceive and host the CBS Football Roundup, which switched listeners back and forth between broadcasts of different regional college games each week.
On August 11, 1951, CBS' flagship television station WCBS-TV in New York City broadcast the first baseball game ever televised in color between the Brooklyn Dodgers and Boston Braves from Ebbets Field, in which the Braves beat the Dodgers 8–1. As were all color programs at the time, it was transmitted via a field-sequential color system developed by CBS. Signals transmitted this way could not be seen on existing black-and-white sets. Four years prior on July 21, WCBS used a prototype version of the Zoomar Lens (the first commercially successful zoom lens) to cover a Brooklyn Dodgers/Cincinnati Reds game.
Later that year, CBS televised Game 1 of the National League tie-breaker series between the Dodgers and the New York Giants. Red Barber and Connie Desmond called that particular game and John Derr served as a field reporter. The remaining two games (including the legendary "Shot Heard 'Round the World" that ended Game 3 to send the Giants to the World Series) were broadcast by NBC with Ernie Harwell and Russ Hodges on the call.
Original Major League Baseball on CBS program (1955–1965)
1955–1958
By , Dizzy Dean and the Game of the Week would move from ABC to CBS (the rights were actually set up through the Falstaff Brewing Corporation). "CBS' stakes were higher" said Buddy Blattner, who left the Mutual Broadcasting System to rejoin Dean. Ron Powers wrote about the reteaming of Dean and Blattner, "they wanted someone who'd known Diz, could bring him out." Gene Kirby, who had worked with Dean and Blattner at Mutual and ABC, produced the telecasts and also filled in on announcing duties.
Bob Finnegan, who along with
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leftist%20tree
|
In computer science, a leftist tree or leftist heap is a priority queue implemented with a variant of a binary heap. Every node x has an s-value which is the distance to the nearest leaf in subtree rooted at x. In contrast to a binary heap, a leftist tree attempts to be very unbalanced. In addition to the heap property, leftist trees are maintained so the right descendant of each node has the lower s-value.
The height-biased leftist tree was invented by Clark Allan Crane. The name comes from the fact that the left subtree is usually taller than the right subtree.
A leftist tree is a mergeable heap. When inserting a new node into a tree, a new one-node tree is created and merged into the existing tree. To delete an item, it is replaced by the merge of its left and right sub-trees. Both these operations take O(log n) time. For insertions, this is slower than Fibonacci heaps, which support insertion in O(1) (constant) amortized time, and O(log n) worst-case.
Leftist trees are advantageous because of their ability to merge quickly, compared to binary heaps which take Θ(n). In almost all cases, the merging of skew heaps has better performance. However merging leftist heaps has worst-case O(log n) complexity while merging skew heaps has only amortized O(log n) complexity.
Bias
The usual leftist tree is a height-biased leftist tree. However, other biases can exist, such as in the weight-biased leftist tree.
S-value
The s-value (or rank) of a node is the distance from that node to the nearest empty position in the subtree rooted at that node. Put another way, the s-value of a null child is implicitly zero. Other nodes have an s-value equal to one more the minimum of their children's s-values. Thus, in the example at right, all nodes with at least one missing child have an s-value of 1, while node 4 has an s-value of 2, since its right child (8) has an s-value of 1. (In some descriptions, the s-value of null children is assumed to be −1.)
Knowing the shortest path to the nearest missing leaf in the subtree rooted at x is exactly of s(x), every node at depth s(x)−1 or less has exactly 2 children since s(x) would have been less if not. Meaning that the size of the tree rooted at x is at least . Thus, s(x) is at most , m being the number of nodes of the subtree rooted at x.
Operations on a height biased leftist tree
Most operations on a Height Biased Leftist Tree are done using the merge operation.
Merging two Min HBLTs
The merge operation takes two Min HBLTs as input and returns a Min HBLT containing all the nodes in the original Min HBLTs put together.
If either of A or B is empty, the merge returns the other one.
In case of Min HBLTs, assume we have two trees rooted at A and B where A.key B.key. Otherwise we can swap A and B so that the condition above holds.
The merge is done recursively by merging B with A's right subtree. This might change the S-value of A's right subtree. To maintain the leftist tree property, after each merge is d
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMSDOS
|
AMSDOS is a disk operating system for the 8-bit Amstrad CPC Computer (and various clones). The name is a contraction of Amstrad Disk
Operating System.
AMSDOS first appeared in 1984 on the CPC 464, with added 3 inch disk drive, and then on the CPC 664 and CPC 6128. Relatively fast and efficient for its time, AMSDOS was quicker and more effective than most of its contemporaries.
AMSDOS was provided built into ROM (either supplied with the external disk drive or in the machine ROM, depending on model) and was accessible through the built-in Locomotive BASIC as well as through firmware routines. Its main function was to map the cassette access routines (which were built into every CPC model) through to a disk drive. This enabled the majority of cassette-based programs to work with a disk drive with no modification. AMSDOS was able to support up to two connected disk drives.
Commands
AMDOS extends the AMSTRAD BASIC by the addition of a number of external commands which are identified by a preceding ¦ (bar) symbol. The following is a list of external commands supported by AMSDOS.
¦A
¦B
¦CPM
¦DIR
¦DISC
¦DISC.IN
¦DISC.OUT
¦DRIVE
¦ERA
¦REN
¦TAPE
¦TAPE.IN
¦TAPE.OUT
¦USER
Alternatives
Other disk operating systems for the Amstrad range included CP/M (which was also bundled with an external disk drive, or built-in on ROM depending on model), RAMDOS, which allowed the full (800K) capacity of single-density 3 ½" disks to be used providing a suitable drive was connected and SymbOS.
References
Amstrad CPC
Disk operating systems
1984 software
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ddoc
|
Ddoc is a compiler-embedded documentation generator and associated syntax, for the D programming language, designed by Walter Bright. Its emphasis is on being able to write documentation in code comments in a natural style, minimizing the need for embedded markup and thus improving the legibility of the code comments. It is similar in concept to Doxygen and Javadoc.
Code comments are associated with symbols in the code, and Ddoc uses the semantic and syntactic information available from the D compiler to fill in routine information such as parameters and return types automatically.
The code comments and symbol table information are processed by Ddoc into an internal structured format. Each of these structures corresponds to a template expressed as a macro. The template macros convert the structured format into another set of macros that express the markup. The latter set of markup macros are expanded to produce, by default, HTML.
Both the template macros and the markup macros can be overridden by the user, and can be applied via external files analogous to HTML style sheets. The template macros can be changed to customize the high level formatting, and the markup macros can be altered to produce other output forms such as XML and XHTML.
Compiler options
Several compiler options are available to cause the dmd D compiler to output an HTML documentation file:
generate documentation - output will be the same name as the D source file, with the ".d" extension replaced with ".html".
write documentation file to directory, output filename is the same as from the -D option.
write documentation file to filename (does not automatically append .html extension)
External links
Ddoc specification
CandyDoc - set of advanced macros for Ddoc
Free documentation generators
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarski%E2%80%93Kuratowski%20algorithm
|
In computability theory and mathematical logic the Tarski–Kuratowski algorithm is a non-deterministic algorithm that produces an upper bound for the complexity of a given formula in the arithmetical hierarchy and analytical hierarchy.
The algorithm is named after Alfred Tarski and Kazimierz Kuratowski.
Algorithm
The Tarski–Kuratowski algorithm for the arithmetical hierarchy consists of the following steps:
Convert the formula to prenex normal form. (This is the non-deterministic part of the algorithm, as there may be more than one valid prenex normal form for the given formula.)
If the formula is quantifier-free, it is in and .
Otherwise, count the number of alternations of quantifiers; call this k.
If the first quantifier is ∃, the formula is in .
If the first quantifier is ∀, the formula is in .
References
Rogers, Hartley The Theory of Recursive Functions and Effective Computability, MIT Press. ;
Mathematical logic hierarchies
Computability theory
Theory of computation
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almavision
|
Almavision is an American television network broadcasting Christian programming in Spanish with affiliates across North and Central America. The network is carried via satellite on Echostar and SatMex 5, their slogan is "Televisión Cristiana...a la manera de Dios. " ("Christian television... in God's way.") and "Comprometidos con la verdad" ("committed to the truth").
History
Almavision Television began broadcasting on December 28, 2002, as VidaVision on channel 25 in Los Angeles, California. In early 2003, they learned that there was another group in Florida using that name so they changed their name to Almavision (meaning "Soul Vision").
The network was founded by Juan "Bruno" Caamaño. According to Caamano, "I was praying and meditating on the Word of God when I received an instruction from the Lord to establish a television ministry".
Affiliates
KTAV-LD 35.1 Altadena/Los Angeles, California
W31EZ-D 25.1 Arbury Hills, Illinois
KHPK-LD 28.3 DeSoto, Texas
KJJM-LD 34.3 Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas
KUVM-LD 10.3 Missouri City/Houston, Texas
KKPM-CD 28.10 Chico/Sacramento, California
KTVP-LD 22.5 Phoenix, Arizona
WEYS-LD 31.1 Miami/Fort Lauderdale, Florida
KISA-LD 40.3 San Antonio, Texas
KEGS-LD 30.2 Las Vegas, Nevada
KTVS-LD 36.2 Albuquerque, New Mexico
KWYT-LD 36.5 Yakima, Washington
References
External links
Almavision
Almavision on Salmista.com
Spanish-language television networks in the United States
Religious television stations in the United States
Television channels and stations established in 2002
2002 establishments in California
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasolid
|
Parasolid is a geometric modeling kernel originally developed by Shape Data Limited, now owned and developed by Siemens Digital Industries Software. It can be licensed by other companies for use in their 3D computer graphics software products.
Parasolid's capabilities include model creation and editing utilities such as Boolean modeling operators, feature modeling support, advanced surfacing, thickening and hollowing, blending and filleting and sheet modeling. It also incorporates modeling with mesh surfaces and lattices. Parasolid also includes tools for direct model editing, including tapering, offsetting, geometry replacement and removal of feature details with automated regeneration of surrounding data. Parasolid also provides wide-ranging graphical and rendering support, including hidden-line, wireframe and drafting, tessellation and model data inquiries.
Parasolid XT format
Parasolid parts are normally saved in XT format, which usually has the file extension .X_T. The format is documented and open. There is also a binary version of the format, usually with an .X_B extension, which is somewhat more compact. Both .X_T and .X_B are used for parts files.
To use Parasolid effectively, software developers need knowledge of CAD in general, computational geometry and topology.
Parasolid is available for Windows (32-bit, 64-bit and ARM64), Linux (64-bit), macOS (Intel and Apple Silicon), iOS, and Android.
Applications
It is used in many Computer-aided design (CAD), Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), Computer-aided engineering (CAE), Product visualization, and CAD data exchange packages. Notable uses include:
Abaqus
ADINA
Alibre Design
Altair HyperWorks
Ansys
TopSolid
Cimatron E
Delcam
COMSOL Multiphysics
Femap
HyperMesh
IRONCAD
MasterCAM
Medusa
MicroStation
Moldflow
Siemens NX
Onshape
Qinetiq Paramarine
Plasticity
PowerSHAPE
Shapr3D
Simcenter STAR-CCM+
SimScale
Solid Edge
SolidWorks
T-FLEX CAD
Vectorworks
WorkXPlore 3D
References
External links
Official Parasolid web page
Graphics software
Computer-aided design software
CAD file formats
Siemens software products
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometric%20modeling%20kernel
|
A geometric modeling kernel is a solid modeling software component used in computer-aided design (CAD) packages. Available modelling kernels include:
ACIS is developed and licensed by Spatial Corporation of Dassault Systèmes.
SMLib is developed by Solid Modeling Solutions.
Convergence Geometric Modeler is developed by Dassault Systèmes.
Parasolid is developed and licensed by Siemens.
Romulus was a predecessor to Parasolid.
ShapeManager is developed by Autodesk and was forked from ACIS in 2001.
Granite is developed by Parametric Technology Corporation.
C3D Modeler is developed by C3D Labs, part of the ASCON Group.
CGAL is an opensource Computational Geometry Algorithms Library which has support for boolean operations on Polyhedra; but no sweep, revolve or NURBS.
Open CASCADE is an opensource modeling kernel.
sgCore is a freeware proprietary modeling kernel distributed as an SDK.
K3 kernel is developed by Center GeoS.
SOLIDS++ is developed by IntegrityWare, Inc.
APM Engine is developed by RSDC APM.
KCM is developed and licensed by Kubotek Kosmos
SvLis Geometric Kernel became opensource and discontinued, for Windows only.
IRIT modeling environment, for Windows only.
GTS GNU Triangulated Surface Library, for polygon meshes only and not surfaces.
Russian Geometric Kernel.
Geometry Kernel, a multi-platform C++ library with source code accessible for clients, developed and distributed by RDF - Geometry Kernel web site.
SolveSpace application has own integrated parametric solid geometry kernel with a limited NURBS support.
Kernel market
The kernel market currently is dominated by Parasolid and ACIS, which were introduced in the late 1980s. The latest kernel to enter the market is KCM. ShapeManager has no presence in the kernel licensing market and in 2001 Autodesk clearly stated they were not going into this business.
The world's newest geometric modeling kernel is Russian Geometric Kernel owned by the Russian government, and it is not clear if it is going to be commercially available, despite offering unique features over the other kernels on the market.
Kernel developers
In the table below you can see a representative list of developers that belong to companies developing their own kernel or licensing the kernel from third-party.
References
3D graphics software
Computer-aided design
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenomenology%20%28physics%29
|
In physics, phenomenology is the application of theoretical physics to experimental data by making quantitative predictions based upon known theories. It is related to the philosophical notion of the same name in that these predictions describe anticipated behaviors for the phenomena in reality. Phenomenology stands in contrast with experimentation in the scientific method, in which the goal of the experiment is to test a scientific hypothesis instead of making predictions.
Phenomenology is commonly applied to the field of particle physics, where it forms a bridge between the mathematical models of theoretical physics (such as quantum field theories and theories of the structure of space-time) and the results of the high-energy particle experiments. It is sometimes used in other fields such as in condensed matter physics and plasma physics, when there are no existing theories for the observed experimental data.
Applications in particle physics
Standard Model consequences
Within the well-tested and generally accepted Standard Model, phenomenology is the calculating of detailed predictions for experiments, usually at high precision (e.g., including radiative corrections).
Examples include:
Next-to-leading order calculations of particle production rates and distributions.
Monte Carlo simulation studies of physics processes at colliders.
Extraction of parton distribution functions from data.
CKM matrix calculations
The CKM matrix is useful in these predictions:
Application of heavy quark effective field theory to extract CKM matrix elements.
Using lattice QCD to extract quark masses and CKM matrix elements from experiment.
Theoretical models
In Physics beyond the Standard Model, phenomenology addresses the experimental consequences of new models: how their new particles could be searched for, how the model parameters could be measured, and how the model could be distinguished from other, competing models.
Phenomenological analysis
Phenomenological analyses, in which one studies the experimental consequences of adding the most general set of beyond-the-Standard-Model effects in a given sector of the Standard Model, usually parameterized in terms of anomalous couplings and higher-dimensional operators. In this case, the term "phenomenological" is being used more in its philosophy of science sense.
See also
Effective theory
Phenomenological model
Phenomenological quantum gravity
References
External links
Papers on phenomenology are available on the hep-ph archive of the ArXiv.org e-print archive
List of topics on phenomenology from IPPP, the Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology at University of Durham, UK
Collider Phenomenology: Basic knowledge and techniques, lectures by Tao Han
Pheno '08 Symposium on particle physics phenomenology, including slides from the talks linked from the symposium program.
Condensed matter physics
Experimental particle physics
Experimental physics
Particle physics
Phenomenological methodo
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSCL
|
CSCL can refer to:
Caesium chloride (CsCl), a chemical compound.
Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, a research topic on supporting collaborative learning with the assistance of computer artifacts.
China Shipping Container Lines, a containerized marine shipping company, based in Shanghai China.
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local%20Land%20and%20Property%20Gazetteer
|
A Local Land and Property Gazetteer (LLPG) is an address database maintained by local authorities, who are responsible for creating all addresses. However, until recently those same local authorities have not held a unified and consistent list of addresses within their areas. This has led to various services within individual local authorities maintaining separate and incompatible address databases.
Database
In recent years the central government of the UK has required local authorities to modernise their processes to take advantage of new technologies and provide better linked up services to their residents and businesses. One of the key ways to achieve this goal has been to develop one address resource for their entire local authority area. This has ultimately meant that a resident may notify a council of their change of address at one place without having to repeat the process throughout a number of service areas within an authority.
As part of this process the National Land and Property Gazetteer (NLPG) was created. This is a central repository or “hub” for all LLPGs and coordinates the many LLPGs created by local authorities. It also enforces the compliance of all LLPGs with the national standard for the representation of address information, British Standard 7666 (BS7666).
Largely through pressure from the central UK government for a consistent address resource the NLPG has become UK’s definitive address infrastructure. However, the development of the NLPG has been held back by arguments between local authorities and the national mapping agency, Ordnance Survey, who are required to act as a trading entity. This has led to the NLPG being unable to compel local authorities to maintain their LLPGs as well as protracted negotiations regarding issues of ownership of address data.
In May 2005 local authorities in the UK signed an agreement (Mapping Services Agreement) with suppliers of geographic data, which included Ordnance Survey and the managers of the NLPG. This solved the issues surrounding ownership of address data and contained many restrictions on the use of LLPGs by local authorities as well as compulsions upon local authorities to maintain their LLPGs.
However, simultaneously, Ordnance Survey published a proposal to develop an alternative address infrastructure called the National Spatial Address Infrastructure (NSAI). This involved Ordnance Survey taking ownership of the NLPG and then selling it back to the same local authorities that had created the LLPGs that make up the NLPG. This provoked another round of arguments between Ordnance Survey and local authorities. The NSAI has now been abandoned by Ordnance Survey.
On 3 December 2010, the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government announced the formation of GeoPlace to provide a freely-available national address gazetteer. This is a joint venture between the Local Government Association and Ordnance Survey. The venture underwent a process of approval by the Office
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNK
|
DNK is an acronym. It can be used to refer to:
Donmika is a Multivendor Marketplace, that makes Buying and Selling easy.
DNK in coding or programming it means DO NOT KNOW
Danke Apartment separate house renting company in China.
Denmark, a country in Europe (ISO 3166-1 country code)
Dnipro International Airport, an airport in Dnipro, Ukraine (IATA airport code)
Deutsches Nationalkomitee Biologie, a German scientific non-profit and non-governmental organisation, representing German biologists on an international level
DNK (album), a 2023 album by Aya Nakamura
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%20D%C3%A9fense%20station
|
La Défense () is a station of the Transilien (Réseau Saint-Lazare) suburban rail lines, RER commuter rail network, Paris Métro, as well as a stop of the Île-de-France tram network. In the future, Paris Metro Line 15 of Grand Paris Express will pass through here, making it a huge railway hub. It is underneath the Grande Arche building in La Défense, the business district just west of Paris. The station is the western terminus of Métro Line 1 and connects the RER A line to the Métro Line 1 station La Défense–Grande Arche since 1992, the Line 2 tramway since 1994 and SNCF (Transilien) train station. It is also attached to a major shopping centre. There are over 25 million entries and exits each year. A temporary special SNCF service began in to serve the newly-built Centre of New Industries and Technologies (CNIT); the RER entered service on .
Highlights on the surface nearby include the monumental Grande Arche, skyscrapers that host the headquarters of important French and foreign companies, and works of urban art such as Le Pouce by César Baldaccini. From the central esplanade the Arc de Triomphe can be seen further down the Axe historique. Until May 2004, this part of La Défense hosted an information centre of the European Union managed by the European Parliament. Like the district it serves, the station takes its name from the 19th-century statue La Défense de Paris, commemorating the Franco-Prussian War.
Lines serving this station
RER Line A
Line 1
Paris St Lazare Group III :
SNCF Gare Saint-Lazare – St Nom la Breteche–Forêt de Marly
SNCF Gare Saint-Lazare – Versailles Rive Droite
SNCF La Défense – La Verrière
Tram Line 2
There are four platforms in the Transilien station :
In the morning:
Platforms 1 and 3 are used for PSL Group III lines to Paris
Platform 2 is used for PSL Group III lines to Versailles Rive Droite / St Nom la Breteche – Forêt de Marly
Platform 4 is used for La Défense – La Verrière line
In the afternoon:
Platform 1 is used for PSL Group III lines to Paris
Platforms 2 and 4 are used for PSL Group III lines to Versailles Rive Droite / St Nom la Breteche – Forêt de Marly
Platform 3 is used for La Défense – La Verrière line
Station layout (Paris Métro)
Note: These are two side platforms located some distance apart, as opposed to one island platform; the layout does not show the platforms accurately.
Gallery
Metro
In popular culture
Buffet froid, the film, begins at La Défense station.
See also
List of stations of the Paris Métro
List of stations of the Paris RER
References
Bibliography
Roland, Gérard (2003). Stations de métro. D’Abbesses à Wagram. Éditions Bonneton.
External links
Paris Métro stations in Puteaux
Réseau Express Régional stations
Railway stations in Hauts-de-Seine
La Défense
Railway stations in France opened in 1992
Railway stations located underground in France
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Happily%20N%27Ever%20After
|
Happily N'Ever After is a 2006 computer-animated fantasy adventure comedy film directed by Paul J. Bolger, produced by John H. Williams, and written by Rob Moreland. It is inspired by fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm and Hans Christian Andersen and is loosely based on the 1999 animated German television series Simsala Grimm. The title is the opposite of a stock phrase, happily ever after; the name is contracted with an apostrophe between the N and the E. The film stars the voices of Sarah Michelle Gellar, Freddie Prinze, Jr., Andy Dick, Wallace Shawn, Patrick Warburton, George Carlin, and Sigourney Weaver. This film was one of Carlin's final works before he died.
Lionsgate theatrically released Happily N'Ever After in the United States on January 5, 2007. It received generally negative reviews and grossed $38 million worldwide against a production budget of $47 million, becoming a box-office bomb. Despite its negative reviews and poor performance, it was followed by a direct-to-video sequel, Happily N'Ever After 2: Snow White—Another Bite @ the Apple, in 2009.
Plot
The story begins with the idea that the Wizard controls all of the fairy tales and governs the Scales of Good and Evil, an artifact that maintains the balance of all good and evil in Fairy Tale Land. With the help of his assistants, the uptight Munk and the goofy Mambo, the Wizard checks to make sure that all the fairy tales under his care are "on track" to have their traditional happy endings. However, the Wizard announces his leave for Scotland for a little vacation, so he leaves the kingdom in the hands of Munk and Mambo. Though Munk intends to have the stories go by their traditional endings, Mambo desires for the characters to break free of their pre-destined fates and choose different endings.
Right after the Wizard's leave, both Mambo and Munk fulfill their duties by watching over the story of Cinderella taking place. Known as Ella, the character lives as a servant to her evil stepmother, Frieda, and her equally mean stepsisters. Too fearful to stand up for herself, Ella often dreams of the Prince who will rescue her from her life and sweep her off her feet. However, unknown to Ella, she is pined after by her best friend Rick, a servant of the Prince, and the Prince in question is buffoonish and chauvinistic. As a result of Rick's efforts, Ella is invited alongside her stepfamily to the ball, but Frieda refuses to let the girl go. Fortunately, the Fairy Godmother arrives and grants Ella a gorgeous dress, as well as glass slippers, to wear, on the condition she returns home before midnight.
However, the fairy tale suddenly falls off-track during the ball when Frieda gains access to the Wizard's lair and discovers his book of fairy tales. Once she realizes what will happen to her if Ella succeeds in marrying the Prince, Frieda steals the Wizard's staff from Munk and Mambo, and tips the Scales of Good and Evil, causing a series of fairy tales to go wrong and have unhappy en
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyworld
|
Polyworld is a cross-platform (Linux, Mac OS X) program written by Larry Yaeger to evolve Artificial Intelligence through natural selection and evolutionary algorithms.
It uses the Qt graphics toolkit and OpenGL to display a graphical environment in which a population of trapezoid agents search for food, mate, have offspring, and prey on each other. The population is typically only in the hundreds, as each individual is rather complex and the environment consumes considerable computer resources. The graphical environment is necessary since the individuals actually move around the 2-D plane and must be able to "see." Since some basic abilities, like eating carcasses or randomly generated food, seeing other individuals, mating or fighting with them, etc., are possible, a number of interesting behaviours have been observed to spontaneously arise after prolonged evolution, such as cannibalism, predators and prey, and mimicry.
Each individual makes decisions based on a neural net using Hebbian learning; the neural net is derived from each individual's genome. The genome does not merely specify the wiring of the neural nets, but also determines their size, speed, color, mutation rate and a number of other factors. The genome is randomly mutated at a set probability, which are also changed in descendant organisms.
External links
Github entry
Yaeger's page on Polyworld
Google TechTalk about Polyworld
Applications of artificial intelligence
Artificial life
Digital organisms
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris%20Lilley
|
Chris Lilley may refer to:
Chris Lilley (comedian) (born 1974), Australian comedian
Chris Lilley (computer scientist) (born 1959), technical director, W3C
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NABU%20Network
|
The NABU Network (Natural Access to Bi-directional Utilities) was an early home computer system which was linked to a precursor of the World Wide Web, operating over cable TV. It operated from 1982 to 1985, primarily in Ottawa, Canada. Its functionality was then revolutionary, though it was not a commercial success. It has been called "The Internet — 10 years ahead of its time" (even though elements of the history of the internet predate it).
Functionality
Families, schools, or individuals would purchase a NABU Personal Computer, which would be connected via cable TV to NABU's servers. In addition to normal PC capabilities of the time, the computer could download software and information content through the cable feed and could upload primitive information back up to the servers. Applications included games, the programming language Logo, news/current events, and rudimentary PC banking/shopping. At its peak, approximately 100 applications were available.
The NABU Network can be credited as being the first online version of fantasy baseball. The game, aptly named Managers Baseball, allowed for choosing teams based on the real names and statistics of MLB teams and players. Player performance in the game was based on real life player statistics and as a Manager you would draft your team and compete against another owner in a mock up game in a purely managerial role.
The NABU Personal Computer cost $950 CAD, approximately the same price as the wildly successful Commodore 64 at the time, and the network service cost $8 to $10 per month.
Hardware
The heart of a NABU Personal Computer is a Z80A processor chip running at 3.58 MHz, 64 KB RAM, a Texas Instruments TMS9918A video chip with 16 KB RAM, and a General Instrument AY-3-8910 sound chip. Data was served via a Gould SEL minicomputer. By default, the PCs lacked any individual offline storage, but an optional hard drive could be purchased.
The interface module included four socketed chips: a TR1865CL-04, a full-duplex UART, an SC87253P 8-bit microprocessor, an N8X60N FIFO I/O controller and a pre-programmed ROM. The remainder of the parts on the board were numerous 74LS series logic ICs. There was an RF module that down-converted signals from the cable connection and up-converted requests to be sent to the server. There were four circuit boards for frequency synthesis, data in and out and RF conversion and dual helical coil bandpass filters. Download speeds over the cable TV line were up to 6.4 Mbit/second.
Business success
The NABU service first became available in 1983 through Ottawa Cablevision and Skyline Cablevision, through the efforts of John Kelly and Bruce Hempell. The project was heavily subsidized by the Canadian government. A major weakness of the Ottawa network was the strictly one-way connection as it was implemented on Ottawa Cablevision. The NABU system itself was bi-directional, but most cable networks of that era did not support this feature due to the cost required for a bi
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20theft
|
Data theft is a growing phenomenon primarily caused by system administrators and office workers with access to technology such as database servers, desktop computers and a growing list of hand-held devices capable of storing digital information, such as USB flash drives, iPods and even digital cameras. Since employees often spend a considerable amount of time developing contacts, confidential, and copyrighted information for the company they work for, they may feel they have some right to the information and are inclined to copy and/or delete part of it when they leave the company, or misuse it while they are still in employment. Information can be sold and bought and then used by criminals and criminal organizations. Alternatively, an employee may choose to deliberately abuse trusted access to information for the purpose of exposing misconduct by the employer. From the perspective of the society, such an act of whistleblowing can be seen as positive and is protected by law in certain situations in some jurisdictions, such as the USA.
A common scenario is where a sales person makes a copy of the contact database for use in their next job. Typically, this is a clear violation of their terms of employment.
Notable acts of data theft include those by leaker Chelsea Manning and self-proclaimed whistleblowers Edward Snowden and Hervé Falciani.
Data theft methods
Thumbsucking
Thumbsucking, similar to podslurping, is the intentional or undeliberate use of a portable USB mass storage device, such as a USB flash drive (or "thumbdrive"), to illicitly download confidential data from a network endpoint.
A USB flash drive was allegedly used to remove without authorization highly classified documents about the design of U.S. nuclear weapons from a vault at Los Alamos.
The threat of thumbsucking has been amplified for a number of reasons, including the following:
The storage capacity of portable USB storage devices has increased.
The cost of high-capacity portable USB storage devices has decreased.
Networks have grown more dispersed, the number of remote network access points has increased and methods of network connection have expanded, increasing the number of vectors for network infiltration.
Data Leakage
Data leak is part of insider attack that accidental or unintentional data loss because of specific circuit stances.
Investigating data theft
Techniques to investigate data theft include stochastic forensics, digital artifact analysis (especially of USB drive artifacts), and other computer forensics techniques.
See also
Pod slurping
Bluesnarfing
Sneakernet
Data breach
References
External links
USBs' Giant Sucking Sound
Readers Weigh In: Is the IPod a Threat or a Scapegoat?
Online Behaviours that can Lead to Data Theft
Data security
Theft
Data laws
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process%20automation%20system
|
A process automation or automation system (PAS) is used to automatically control a process such as chemical, oil refineries, paper and pulp factories.
The PAS often uses a network to interconnect sensors, controllers, operator terminals and actuators.
A PAS is often based on open standards in contrast to a DCS (distributed control system), which is traditionally proprietary.
However in recent times the PAS is considered to be more associated with SCADA systems.
PAS is the lowest level of automation, while MES (manufacturing execution system) is considered to be directly positioned above a PAS.
Process automation involves using sensors, actuators, computer technology and software engineering to help power plants and factories in industries as diverse as paper, mining and cement operate more efficiently and safely.
The background and technology
In the absence of process automation, plant operators have to physically monitor performance values and the quality of outputs to determine the best settings on which to run the production equipment. Maintenance is carried out at set intervals. This generally results in operational inefficiency and unsafe operating conditions.
Process automation simplifies this with the help of sensors at thousands of spots around the plant that collect data on temperatures, pressures, flows and so on. The information is stored and analyzed on a computer and the entire plant and each piece of production equipment can be monitored on a large screen in a control room.
Plant operating settings are then automatically adjusted to achieve the optimum production. Plant operators can manually override the process automation systems when necessary.
Process automation and energy efficiency
Process automation systems typically consist of several components that work together to control and monitor the process. These components may include:
Sensors: Sensors measure various parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, and chemical composition. These sensors generate signals that are transmitted to the controller.
Controllers: Controllers are devices that receive input signals from the sensors and use that information to make decisions about adjusting the process. Controllers can be simple or complex, depending on the complexity of the process being controlled.
Actuators: Actuators are devices that are used to adjust the process based on the decisions made by the controller. For example, an actuator may be used to adjust the flow rate of a fluid or to adjust the position of a valve.
Operator interfaces: Operator interfaces are used by human operators to monitor the process and make manual adjustments if necessary. These interfaces may include computer screens, buttons, and other controls.
Communication networks: Communication networks are used to interconnect the various components of the automation system. These networks may use wired or wireless connections and may be based on standard protocols such as Ethernet or wi
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Park%20Lane%20Interchange
|
Park Lane is a Tyne and Wear Metro station, serving the port city of Sunderland in Tyne and Wear, England. It joined the network on 28 April 2002, following the opening of the extension from Pelaw to South Hylton.
History
The station is located below Park Lane Bus Station, which opened in May 1999, as a replacement for the former Sunderland Central Bus Station.
Along with other stations on the line between Fellgate and South Hylton, the station is fitted with vitreous enamel panels designed by artist, Morag Morrison. Each station uses a different arrangement of colours, with strong colours used in platform shelters and ticketing areas, and a more neutral palate for external elements.
Facilities
The station houses a Nexus TravelShop, as well as various retail outlets, including a newsagent, coffee shop and bakery.
Step-free access is available at all stations across the Tyne and Wear Metro network, with two lifts providing step-free access to platforms at Park Lane. The station is equipped with ticket machines, seating, next train information displays, timetable posters, and an emergency help point on both platforms. Ticket machines are able to accept payment with credit and debit card (including contactless payment), notes and coins. The station is also fitted with smartcard validators, which were installed at all stations across the network during the early 2010s.
A pay and display car park (operated by Sunderland City Council) is available, with 630 spaces, as well as a taxi rank. There is also the provision for cycle parking, with six cycle pods available.
Services
, the station is served by up to five trains per hour on weekdays and Saturday, and up to four trains per hour during the evening and on Sunday.
Rolling stock used: Class 599 Metrocar
Bus Station
Park Lane Bus Station opened in May 1999, as a replacement for the former Sunderland Central Bus Station. It is located on the site of the former Park Lane Bus Station, which was constructed during the 1930s.
It is served by Arriva North East and Go North East's local bus services, with frequent routes serving Sunderland and South Tyneside, as well as County Durham, Gateshead, Newcastle upon Tyne and Teesside. The bus station has 19 departure stands (lettered A–V), with an additional two stands used by long-distance coach services. Each stand is fitted with a waiting shelter, seating, next bus information displays, and timetable posters.
Notes
References
External links
Timetable and station information for Park Lane
Bus stations in Tyne and Wear
Sunderland
2002 establishments in England
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 2002
Tyne and Wear Metro Green line stations
Transport in the City of Sunderland
Transport in Tyne and Wear
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stream%20%28computing%29
|
In computer science, a stream is a sequence of data elements made available over time. A stream can be thought of as items on a conveyor belt being processed one at a time rather than in large batches.
Streams are processed differently from batch data – normal functions cannot operate on streams as a whole, as they have potentially unlimited data, and formally, streams are codata (potentially unlimited), not data (which is finite). Functions that operate on a stream, producing another stream, are known as filters, and can be connected in pipelines, analogously to function composition. Filters may operate on one item of a stream at a time, or may base an item of output on multiple items of input, such as a moving average.
Examples
The term "stream" is used in a number of similar ways:
"Stream editing", as with sed, awk, and perl. Stream editing processes a file or files, in-place, without having to load the file(s) into a user interface. One example of such use is to do a search and replace on all the files in a directory, from the command line.
On Unix and related systems based on the C language, a stream is a source or sink of data, usually individual bytes or characters. Streams are an abstraction used when reading or writing files, or communicating over network sockets. The standard streams are three streams made available to all programs.
I/O devices can be interpreted as streams, as they produce or consume potentially unlimited data over time.
In object-oriented programming, input streams are generally implemented as iterators.
In the Scheme language and some others, a stream is a lazily evaluated or delayed sequence of data elements. A stream can be used similarly to a list, but later elements are only calculated when needed. Streams can therefore represent infinite sequences and series.
In the Smalltalk standard library and in other programming languages as well, a stream is an external iterator. As in Scheme, streams can represent finite or infinite sequences.
Stream processing — in parallel processing, especially in graphic processing, the term stream is applied to hardware as well as software. There it defines the quasi-continuous flow of data that is processed in a dataflow programming language as soon as the program state meets the starting condition of the stream.
Applications
Streams can be used as the underlying data type for channels in interprocess communication.
Other uses
The term "stream" is also applied to file system forks, where multiple sets of data are associated with a single filename. Most often, there is one main stream that makes up the normal file data, while additional streams contain metadata. Here "stream" is used to indicate "variable size data", as opposed to fixed size metadata such as extended attributes, but differs from "stream" as used otherwise, meaning "data available over time, potentially infinite".
See also
Bitstream
Codata
Data stream
Data stream mining
Flow (computer networking)
Ne
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris%20Lilley%20%28computer%20scientist%29
|
Chris Lilley (born 1959 in the UK) is a British computer scientist known for co-authoring the Portable Network Graphics (PNG) format, starting the Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) format, and his work on HTML2, CSS2, and Web fonts.
Education
Lilley was educated at Broxburn Academy in West Lothian, Scotland. In 1983, he obtained a bachelor's degree in Biochemistry at the University of Stirling, Scotland.
In 1990, he obtained a master's degree in Computing at the University of York.
Career
After his bachelor's degree in Biochemistry he worked in Haematology and Blood transfusion at the hospital laboratories of Stirling and Falkirk for a few years before eventually switching to Computer Science.
Around 1990, he worked at the Computer Graphics Unit at the University of Manchester as a technical author and electronic teaching specialist in the field of Computer Graphics and Scientific Visualization. While at Manchester he was a member of the IETF Working Group on HTML, developing HTML 2.0, and was also one of the authors of the PNG raster graphics format. In 1994 he was a consulting student on the Biocomputing course run by the GNA's Virtual School of Natural Sciences, where he obtained a postgraduate diploma in Bioinformatics. In 1993 he presented a paper at the Eurographics Workshop on Graphics and Visualisation Education in Barcelona on the potential of the World Wide Web for technical education in Computer Graphics.
In 1994 he attended the First International World Wide Web conference, held at CERN in Switzerland. He presented a paper on Web Graphics at the Fourth International World Wide Web conference, held at Boston in December 1995.
In April 1996 he moved to Antibes, France to join the European branch of W3C with responsibility for Graphics and Fonts, joining a team including Håkon Wium Lie, Yves Lafon, Philipp Hoschka and Bert Bos. He chaired a working group developing Web Fonts, a technical activity which was later merged with CSS.
Early in 1997, the W3C HTML ERB was split into three Working Groups: the HTML WG, chaired by Dan Connolly of W3C, the DOM WG, chaired by Lauren Wood of SoftQuad, and the CSS WG, chaired by Chris Lilley of W3C. He was co-editor of CSS2, published in 1998.
In 1998 he was appointed as chair of the W3C Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) Working Group, a position he held for ten years, until January 2008. He also joined the XML Coordination Group at W3C.
In December 2001 he was appointed at the Technical Architecture Group of the W3C, a position he held for three years until February 2005. He was a co-author of the Architecture of the World Wide Web, Volume One.
In April 2005 he joined the Compound Document formats (CDF) Working Group, became co-chair of the W3C Hypertext Coordination Group, and also took on managerial responsibility for HTML, CSS, SMIL, Timed Text, MathML, and VoiceXML.
He was an Associate of the Institute of Medical Laboratory Sciences, a member of the British Computer Society Electronic Pub
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takaya
|
Sharp Takaya Electronics Industry Co. Ltd. is a computer equipment manufacturer mostly owned by Sharp Corporation.
Description
Some products have been sold directly to original equipment manufacturers under the Takaya brand. One of the many testers still in daily use is the APT-8300 fixtureless tester, a three-axis flying probe tester.
Japanese companies established in 1918
Electronics companies of Japan
Takaya
Companies based in Okayama Prefecture
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dell%20Latitude
|
The Dell Latitude series is a line of laptop computers manufactured and sold by American company Dell. It is a business-oriented line, aimed at corporate enterprises, healthcare, government, and education markets; unlike the Inspiron series, which is aimed at individual customers, and the Vostro series, which is aimed at smaller businesses. The Latitude directly competes with the Lenovo ThinkPad and the EliteBook series by HP. Additionally, the "Rugged (Extreme)", "XFR" and "ATG" models compete primarily with Panasonic's Toughbook line of "rugged" laptops.
Overview and product type
The Dell Latitude series have dropped the initial alphabet in newer model types (as in Latitude 7480 whose predecessor was E7470), and became the successor to the popular Latitude E, D, C, and X series. The Latitudes from the early 1990s up until the C*00 lines weren't in a set "series", instead of going under the models CP and XP with modifiers at the end, e.g.: XPi, CP M233.
In the past, the high-end line was the 6 series, being the C6x0, D6x0, and E64x0 lines, but as of 2015 this line has been discontinued and replaced by both the 5 series and the 7 series. The 15" "Premium" line was the 8 series, until the E-series merged this line with the 6 series (Model numbers being along the lines of C8x0 or D8x0). The entry-level line was the 5 series, but as of 2015 the 5 series and 7 series Latitude laptops are the primary lines of Latitude laptops. The 3 series has replaced the 5 series as the budget line. Dell has also since dropped the E from the Latitude line (due to switching to a USB C/Thunderbolt dock system, rather than the e-Port analog pin-system docks), and the models are delineated by number now, e.g.: Latitude 5480, 5570. The second number in the model (As in, 5470 or 7280) indicates the size of the screen on the laptop.
The current Dell Latitude lineup is as follows:
Latitude 3xxx series. Budget models intended for education and small businesses, available in 13.3"/14"/15.6" trims.
Latitude 5xxx series. Mainstream line. Replaces the 6000 series and shares same chassis with Mobile workstation models. available in 11.1"/12.5"/13.3"/14"/15.6" trims.
Latitude 7xxx series. "Premium" Ultrabooks, available in 12.5"/13.3"/14" trims only.
Latitude 9xxx series. "Ultra-premium" laptops and 2-in-1s. Available with 14 and 15 inch displays and are the first laptops featuring 5G WWAN
Latitude computers are also differentiated in their feature sets, due to their business focus. For example, they often include security features such as smartcard and contactless smartcard, and TPM security, vPro and AMD Dash management, DisplayPort (as opposed to HDMI), Docking stations and support for legacy standards are all results of the requirements of the business market.
Some models also have the capability of Latitude ON which can be selected during the configuration of the laptop. Latitude ON is essentially a system within a system. It requires a separate add on module whic
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investigation%20Discovery
|
Investigation Discovery (stylized and branded on-air as ID since 2008) is an American multinational pay television network dedicated to true crime documentaries owned by Warner Bros. Discovery. , approximately 86 million American households (74% of households with television) receive Investigation Discovery.
History
The channel launched in 1996 under the name Discovery Civilization Network: The World History and Geography Channel. It was one of four digital cable companion networks (with Discovery Travel & Living Network, Discovery Science Network and Discovery Kids) rolled out by Discovery Communications simultaneously in October 1996. Plans for the channel had surfaced in November 1994, when its working name was Time Traveler.
In April 2002, New York Times Television and Discovery Communications announced a joint venture to run the Discovery Civilization Channel. By then, it was available in 14 million households. The partnership aimed to complement the historical shows, with programming about current events and contemporary history.
On March 25, 2003, the channel was rebranded as Discovery Times, focusing more on the culture of the United States, as well as other miscellaneous programming. The previous name was described as "a little off-message" by executives.
In April 2006, The New York Times sold its stake in Discovery Times back to Discovery Communications, ending its ownership in the channel. Despite this, "Times" was kept in the channel's name until January 27, 2008, when Discovery Times was relaunched as Investigation Discovery (ID), oriented towards true crime programs.
In 2016, owing to a resurgence in popularity within the true crime genre, ID was the second-highest-rated cable network among women 25–54. In 2018, ID was the sixth-highest-rated basic cable network in full-day viewership.
On April 12, 2020, Investigation Discovery introduced a new logo, placing a greater focus on the "ID" initialism to make it better-suited for multi-platform use.
In December 2022, the team responsible for ID also took over responsibility for HLN (formerly CNN Headline News), which became a sibling channel following the merger that formed Warner Bros. Discovery earlier that year. That channel had gradually shifted to a similar true crime-focused format since the mid-2010s, dropping its last original news programs at the same time as the management change, and had already begun airing repeats of ID programming such as Hometown Homicide shortly after the WBD merger.
Programming
Most of ID's programs are original productions, but it also airs re-titled off-network reruns, including ABC's 20/20, CBS' 48 Hours, and NBC’s Dateline.
ID's longest-running series is On the Case with Paula Zahn which debuted in 2009. Other long-running shows on the network include Disappeared and Homicide Hunter: Lt. Joe Kenda.
On June 7, 2015, ID aired its first ever scripted mini-series; Serial Thriller: Angel of Decay chronicled the investigation of convicted (and
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FitTV
|
FitTV was an American pay television channel, owned by Discovery Communications. The channel focused on fitness and exercise-related programming. FitTV offered programming with such fitness celebrities as Cathe Friedrich, Sharon Mann, Gilad Janklowicz, Marilu Henner, Tamilee Webb and others. On February 1, 2011, it merged with Discovery Health Channel to become Discovery Fit & Health, now known as Discovery Life.
History
Establishment
International Family Entertainment (IFE) introduced a continuous preview of the Cable Health Club on August 20, 1993. Beginning August 31 of that year, the channel would be available in a half-hour continuous programming format to cable system operators for free. In October, the channel moved to 24-hour programming. Jake Steinfeld, who had starred on the network's Big Brother Jake, hosted its first program and was a constant presence on the channel in its early years.
The original formatting of an hour on Cable Health Club included a 20-minute aerobic conditioning workout at the top of the hour featuring Tamilee Webb; a segment on healthy living; a Body by Jake workout starting at the bottom of the hour; and "Fitness Plus", a home shopping segment for fitness items and equipment.
In 1994, Cable Health Club received new sponsors and minority partners, Reebok International (its first charter advertiser) and Liberty Media. By this time, the channel was received in one million homes and carried for two hours a day on the Family Channel. By November 1994, the Club was sharing a channel with Prime Sports Northwest on Seattle cable.
In January 1997, Cox Communications paired the service with Home Team Sports between the hours of 5:30–11 a.m. The service took out full-page ads in The Virginian-Pilot newspaper through May 4, requesting viewers to call a toll free number to register support for the channel to be 24 hours with responses forwarded to Cox.
By April 1997, the Cable Health Club was renamed Fit TV. In June 1997, IFE was acquired by a joint venture of Fox Entertainment Group and Saban Entertainment; the companies were primarily targeting its sister network The Family Channel.
America's Health Network
America's Health Network was in separate operation from FitTV from March 1996 until 1999. The channel was based in Orlando, Florida and had an $11 million production center with soundstage built at Universal Studios in late 1995. The executives at the channel were Joe Maddox (a former Discovery Channel executive) and Webster "Web" Golinkin, who had spent two and a half years planning, raising $75 million in capital, and building the channel. The majority owner was the Providence Journal Company. The channel also had a five-year agreement with Mayo Clinic and IVI Publishing, its electronic publisher, to provide medical information and illustrative graphics. Mayo and IVI were also minority owners of the channel, and other investors included venture capital firm Medical Innovation Partners, Inc.
15 minutes an hour
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folder%20redirection
|
In computing, and specifically in the context of Microsoft Windows operating systems, Microsoft refers to Folder Redirection when automatically re-routing I/O to/from standard folders (directories) to use storage elsewhere on a network.
It is often used in an office network environment, to ensure that users do not store data locally, when a network device is the preferred storage location. Folder Redirection allows saving data regardless of storage location and separates user data from profile data decreasing the time required to log on.
Other advantages include:
Data is stored on a server where it can be backed up
If the same redirection is applied to multiple users, all data is stored in the one location
Allows for sharing of data between users directly from the server rather than creating shares on individual workstations
Allows system administrators to spend less on workstation hard drives, and more on file server hard drives
If all user folders are redirected and caching is disabled, no files are stored on the workstations and thus data is better protected from theft
Under Microsoft Windows, the redirection is often performed by Group Policy, when used in an Active Directory environment. It can also be performed by manually editing the Windows Registry, changing library locations, or with tools such as Tweak UI. Disk quotas can be used to limit the amount of space taken up by users' special folders. The %username% and %userprofile% environment variables can also be used with Folder Redirection.
Up to Windows XP, the Application Data, Desktop, My Documents, My Pictures, and Start Menu special folders can be redirected to a file server. Windows XP also implements a Recycle Bin for the My Documents folder.
Windows Vista introduces the ability to independently redirect up to 10 user profile sub-folders to a network location. There is also a Management Console snap-in in Windows Vista to allow users to configure Folder Redirection for clients running Windows Vista, Windows XP, and Windows 2000. Each redirected folder in Vista and later also has a Recycle Bin associated with it.
Under Windows 7 and later, the following user folders may be redirected: AppData/Roaming, Contacts, Desktop, Downloads, Favorites, Links, Music, Documents, Pictures, Saved Games, Searches, Start Menu, and Videos.
The equivalent functionality is achieved in Unix-like systems by using mount or ln and a NFS or CIF.
See also
Roaming user profile
Symbolic link
References
Windows administration
Windows components
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricardo%20Baeza-Yates
|
Ricardo A. Baeza-Yates (born March 21, 1961) is a Chilean-Catalan computer scientist that currently is a research professor at the Institute for Experiential AI of Northeastern University in the Silicon Valley campus. He is also part-time professor at Universitat Pompeu Fabra in Barcelona and Universidad de Chile in Santiago. He is an expert member of the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence, a member of Spain's Advisory Council on AI, and a member of the Association for Computing Machinery's US Technology Policy Subcommittee on AI and Algorithms.
From June 2016 until June 2020 he was CTO of NTENT, a semantic search technology company. Before, until February 2016, he was VP of Research for Yahoo! Labs, leading teams in United States, Europe and Latin America.
He obtained a Ph.D. from the University of Waterloo with Efficient Text Searching, supervised by Gaston Gonnet and granted in 1989.
His research interests include:
Algorithms and data structures. His contributions include algorithms for string search such as the Shift Or Algorithm and algorithms for Fuzzy string searching, inspiring also the Bitap algorithm; co-author of the Handbook of Algorithms and Data Structures with his former Ph.D. advisor Gaston Gonnet,
Information retrieval. Co-author of Modern Information retrieval Addison Wesley, , first edition in 1999 and a second edition in 2011 that won the 2012 book of the year award of the Association for Information Science and Technology.
Web search and mining. Baeza-Yates founded in 2002 and directed until 2005 the Center for Web Research in the Department of Computer Science of the University of Chile. His latest work on this area focuses on bias on the Web, giving the Gödel Lecture 2017 in Viena.
Dr. Baeza-Yates was awarded one of the Spanish national Computer Science awards in 2018
as well as the J.W. Graham Medal in Computing and Innovation by the University of Waterloo, Canada, in 2007.
In August 2008, Dr. Baeza-Yates was proposed for the first time to the Chilean National Prize in Applied Sciences (Premio Nacional de Ciencias Aplicadas). He has been proposed again most of even years when this award is given.
He is corresponding member of the Chilean Academy of Sciences (2003), founding member of the Chilean Academy of Engineering (2010), and corresponding member of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences (2018).
He is an ACM Fellow (2009). and an IEEE Fellow (2011).
See also
List of University of Waterloo people
References
External links
Publications in DBLP
Website of Modern Information Retrieval, 2nd. edition, Addison Wesley, 2011
Cómo funciona la web (2008) Full text in the Electronic Books Portal of the University of Chile
Chilean computer scientists
Spanish computer scientists
Yahoo! employees
Fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
Fellow Members of the IEEE
1961 births
Living people
J.W. Graham Medal awardees
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20government%20bonds
|
This is a list of categories of government bonds around the world.
Main issuers
Country by country data
Asia
Issued by: Ministry of Strategy and Finance
Korea Treasury Bond (KTB)
Korea International Bond (KIB)
National Housing Bond (NHB)
Ministry of Strategy and Finance
Issued By: Ministry of Finance (Zaimu-shō)
Japanese Government Bonds (JGBs)
Revenue Bonds/Straight Bonds
Financing Bills
Subsidy Bonds
Subscription Bonds
Contribution Bonds
Demand Bonds (kofu kokusai)
Index-linked Bonds (JGBi)
Ministry of Finance
Issued by: Hong Kong Monetary Authority
Government Bond Programme
Hong Kong Monetary Authority
Issued by: Ministry of Finance
Ministry of Finance
Issued by: Reserve Bank of India
Government Securities(G-Secs)
State Development Loans(SDL's)
Government Bonds by RBI
Europe
Eurozone
Issued By: Österreichische Bundesfinanzierungsagentur, the Austrian Federal Financing Agency
Government Bonds
Debt Issuance Programme (DIP and DIP 144A)
Euro Medium Term Note (EMTN)
ATB-Programms
Österreichische Bundesfinanzierungsagentur
Issued By: Agentschap van de schuld/Agence de la Dette, the Belgian Debt Agency
Belgian Treasury Bills BTB - bills, tap-issued
Certificats de Trésorerie (CTs) - bills
Obligations linéaires ordinaires (OLOs) - bonds
Agentschap van de schuld/Agence de la Dette
Issued By: Valtiokonttori, the Finland State Treasury
Government Bonds
Yield Bonds
EMTN Programme
Government Treasury Bills
Valtiokonttori
Issued By: Agence France Trésor, the French Debt Agency
OATs
BTFs - bills of up to 1 year maturities
BTANs - 1 to 6 year notes
Obligations assimilables du Trésor (OATs) - 7 to 50 year bonds
TEC10 OATs - floating rate bonds indexed on constant 10year maturity OAT yields
OATi - French inflation-indexed bonds
OAT€i - Eurozone inflation-indexed bonds
Agence France Trésor
Issued By: German Finance Agency, the German Debt Agency
Bunds
Unverzinsliche Schatzanweisungen (Bubills) - 6 and 12 month (zero coupon) Treasury discount paper
Bundesschatzanweisungen (Schätze) - 2 year Federal Treasury notes
Bundesobligationen (Bobls) - 5 year Federal notes
inflationsindexierte Bundesobligationen (Bobl/ei) - 5 year inflation-linked Federal notes
Bundesanleihen (Bunds) - 10 and 30 year Federal bonds
inflationsindexierte Bundesanleihen (Bund/ei) - 10, 15 and 30 year inflation-linked Federal bonds
Federal Republic of Germany - Finance Agency
Issued By: Οργανισμός Διαχείρισης Δημοσίου Χρέους, the Public Debt Management Agency (PDMA).
Negotiable debt : Euro 354bn on 31 March 2011
Public Debt Management Agency
Issued By: Dipartimento del Tesoro
Buoni Ordinari del Tesoro (BOTs) - bills up to 1 year
Certificati del Tesoro Zero Coupon (CTZ) - bills up to 2 year
Buoni del Tesoro Poliannuali (BTPs) - bonds
Certificati di Credito del Tesoro (CCTs) - floating rate notes
BTP Indicizzato all'Inflazione - inflation linked bonds linked to Eurozone inflation
BTP Italia - inflation linked bonds linked to Italian Inflation
Dipartimento del
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STREAMS
|
In computer networking, STREAMS is the native framework in Unix System V for implementing character device drivers, network protocols, and inter-process communication. In this framework, a stream is a chain of coroutines that pass messages between a program and a device driver (or between a pair of programs). STREAMS originated in Version 8 Research Unix, as Streams (not capitalized).
STREAMS's design is a modular architecture for implementing full-duplex I/O between kernel and device drivers. Its most frequent uses have been in developing terminal I/O (line discipline) and networking subsystems. In System V Release 4, the entire terminal interface was reimplemented using STREAMS. An important concept in STREAMS is the ability to push drivers custom code modules which can modify the functionality of a network interface or other device together to form a stack. Several of these drivers can be chained together in order.
History
STREAMS was based on the Streams I/O subsystem introduced in the Eighth Edition Research Unix (V8) by Dennis Ritchie, where it was used for the terminal I/O subsystem and the Internet protocol suite. This version, not yet called STREAMS in capitals, fit the new functionality under the existing device I/O system calls (open, close, read, write, and ioctl), and its application was limited to terminal I/O and protocols providing pipe-like I/O semantics.
This I/O system was ported to System V Release 3 by Robert Israel, Gil McGrath, Dave Olander, Her-Daw Che, and Maury Bach as part of a wider framework intended to support a variety of transport protocols, including TCP, ISO Class 4 transport, SNA LU 6.2, and the AT&T NPACK protocol (used in RFS). It was first released with the Network Support Utilities (NSU) package of UNIX System V Release 3. This port added the putmsg, getmsg, and poll system calls, which are nearly equivalent in purpose to the send, recv, and select calls from Berkeley sockets. The putmsg and getmsg system calls were originally called send and recv, but were renamed to avoid namespace conflict. In System V Release 4, STREAMS was extended and used for the terminal I/O framework and pipes, providing useful new functionality like bidirectional pipes and file descriptor passing. A port for UNICOS was also produced. Eric S. Raymond quotes Ritchie as saying about the complexity of System V STREAMS when compared to his V8 Streams that "Streams means something different when shouted".
Concurrent with the System V Release 3 port, AT&T developed protocol-independent STREAMS message passing guidelines for the link, network, and transport layers of the OSI model (layers 2-4). Due to the typically close implementation coupling of the network and transport protocols in a given protocol stack, and the typical practice of implementing layers 5-7 outside of the kernel, only the link and transport layer STREAMS service interfaces were later standardized by X/Open. In conjunction with the transport message passing mo
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular%20multiprocessing
|
Cellular multiprocessing is a multiprocessing computing architecture designed initially for Intel central processing units from Unisys, a worldwide information technology consulting company.
It consists of the partitioning of processors into separate computing environments running different operating systems. Providing up to 32 processors that are crossbar connected to 64GB of memory and 96 PCI cards, a CMP system provides mainframe-like architecture using Intel CPUs. CMP supports Windows NT and Windows 2000 Server, AIX, Novell NetWare and UnixWare and can be run as one large SMP system or multiple systems with variant operating systems.
There is a concept of creating CPU Partitions in CMPs, e.g. one can create a full partition of 32 processors, Or one can create two partitions of 16 processors each, these two partitions will be visible to the OS installed as two machines. Similarly for 32 processors it is possible to create 32 partitions at max each having a single CPU. Unisys' CMP is the only server architecture to take full advantage of Microsoft's Windows 2000 Datacenter Server operating system's support for 32 processors.
In case of LINUX/UNIX OS the CMP technology is proven to be very best, whereas in case of Windows 2003 Servers installations, there are certain limits for partitions having number of CPUs, like for a windows 2003 installation the maximum CPU in a partition can only be 4, if more CPUs are assigned severe performance degrade are observed. Even on 8 CPU partition the performance is comparable to the performance of a 2 processors partition.
A CMP subpod contains four x86 or Itanium CPUs, which connect through a third-level memory cache to the crossbar. Each crossbar supports two subpods, two direct I/O bridges (DIBs) and can connect to four memory storage units (MSUs).
Unisys is also providing CMP server technology to Compaq, Dell, Hewlett-Packard and ICL, under OEM agreements.
See also
Asymmetric multiprocessing
Symmetric multiprocessing
References
Parallel computing
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/50%20Years%2050%20Shows
|
50 Years 50 Shows is a television special that marked 50 years of television in Australia. Broadcast on Sunday 25 September 2005 on the Nine Network and hosted by Eddie McGuire, the special counted down the top 50 greatest Australian television programmes.
Premise
The list of programs to be included in the top fifty was based on a poll of television writers, producers, directors, actors and critics. Once the top 50 was collated, their running order was decreed by the ratings the programs had achieved when broadcast: with the highest rating program in number one spot.
List
# In Melbourne Tonight/The Graham Kennedy Show
# The Paul Hogan Show
# The Opening Ceremony of the Games of the XXVII Olympiad
# The Mavis Bramston Show
# Brides of Christ
# Kath & Kim
# The Don Lane Show
# 60 Minutes
# Number 96
# The Sullivans
# A Town Like Alice
# Homicide
# Bandstand
# A Country Practice
# Power Without Glory
# The Mike Walsh Show
# Australian Story
# Four Corners
# The Dismissal
# Blankety Blanks
# Bangkok Hilton
# Frontline
# Enough Rope with Andrew Denton
# My Name's McGooley, What's Yours?
# Hey Hey It's Saturday
# Parkinson in Australia
# The Norman Gunston Show
# Anzacs
# SeaChange
# Fast Forward
# This Is Your Life
# Young Talent Time
# Mother and Son
# Bobby Limb's Sound of Music
# Blue Murder
# Burke's Backyard
# Blue Heelers
# Skippy the Bush Kangaroo
# Geoffrey Robertson's Hypotheticals
# Countdown
# Sylvania Waters
# Graham Kennedy's Coast to Coast
# Media Watch
# The Naked Vicar Show
# The Aunty Jack Show
# Neighbours
# Foreign Correspondent
# Sunday
# Play School
# The D-Generation
Rescreening
The program was re-aired on Monday 11 September 2006 hosted by Mike Munro to celebrate the official 50th anniversary of television in Australia.
See also
List of Australian television series
50 Years 50 Stars
External links
Nine Network press release as published on the Australian TV Guide.
ninemsn video
2005 in Australian television
Australian non-fiction television series
Lists of mass media in Australia
Nine Network specials
Australian television specials
2000s Australian television series
Golden jubilees
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMUnited
|
IMUnited was a coalition of instant messaging service providers, including Yahoo! and Microsoft, that wanted AOL to open its proprietary AIM network to them. It appears to have disappeared, possibly because both Yahoo!'s and Microsoft's instant messaging services started to gain popularity.
See also
IMUnified
Instant messaging
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired%20for%20Management
|
Wired for Management (WfM) was a primarily hardware-based system allowing a newly built computer without any software to be manipulated by a master computer that could access the hard disk of the new PC to paste the install program. It could also be used to update software and monitor system status remotely. Intel developed the system in the 1990s; it is now considered obsolete.
WfM included the Preboot Execution Environment (PXE) and Wake-on-LAN (WOL) standards.
WfM has been replaced by the Intelligent Platform Management Interface standard for servers and Intel Active Management Technology for PCs.
See also
Provisioning (telecommunications)
References
Networking hardware
System administration
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QCI
|
QCI may refer to:
QoS Class Identifier, a mechanism to ensure proper Quality of Service for bearer traffic in LTE networks
Quadratic configuration interaction, an extension of configuration interaction in quantum physics
Queen Charlotte Islands, an archipelago on the North Coast of British Columbia, Canada
Quality Council of India
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-Counselling%20International
|
Co-Counselling International (CCI) is an international peer network of co-counsellors (spelled co-counseling and co-counselors in US English).
History
Co-Counselling International (CCI) was started in 1974 as breakaway from Re-evaluation Counseling by John Heron who was at the time director of the Human Potential Research Project, University of Surrey UK, and Tom and Dency Sargent from Hartford (Conn., USA). (First published by Human Potential Research Project, University of Surrey, Guildford in 1974) The CCI break was ideological and CCI developed in significantly different ways in practice, theory and organisation.
The first gatherings of CCI co-counsellors took place in 1974 in the USA and in Europe and annual international gatherings have taken place in both locations since then. The European gatherings currently rotate between Germany, Hungary, Ireland, The Netherlands and UK.
John Heron's status within the network has always been as an equal member, although inevitably as a founder member, activist for some 15 years and the person who developed much of the thinking behind CCI there was a certain amount of transference on to him. He now lives in New Zealand and has an involvement with the CCI network there.
There is no imperative in CCI to evangelise and so the network has spread somewhat slowly and haphazardly. In the USA the network existed for many years mainly in and around Connecticut but it is now spreading to other parts of the country. Outside of Europe and the USA the main development has been in New Zealand where there is now an active network and they hold their own series of international gatherings.
Practice
In CCI the person in the client role is wholly in charge of the session. The counsellor only intervenes in accordance with one of three levels of “contract” - free attention, normal and intensive – which are defined in CCI's principles. The only requirement of the counsellor is that they give “free attention” - that is full supportive attention – to the client. The other two contracts constitute invitations to the counsellor to make interventions from within those permitted if they feel it is appropriate. Clients in CCI may and do draw on a wide range of therapeutic activities that can be used self-directedly as well as the cathartic discharge - re-evaluation activities.
Organisation
CCI is a peer network with no core structure, classes and activities are organized by individuals or groups acting self-directedly. The network consists of individuals and groups who agree to a set of ideas about what CCI is. Although it has no formal status, the principles outlined in A Definition of CCI have stood the test of time as a necessary and sufficient statement of those ideas.
Organisation within the network varies from place to place. In some parts of the world there are structured organisations at national or local level, or both, with a variety of organizational structures and requirements for membership, e.g. the
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free%20Jimmy
|
Free Jimmy (No: Slipp Jimmy fri) is a 2006 adult computer-animated comedy film first released in Norwegian in 2006, and later in English in 2008. The film was written and directed by acclaimed Norwegian subculture comic book artist Christopher Nielsen and features a number of characters from Nielsen's dark humor-laden comic books. The plot is an adult-oriented black comedy in which different groups of varying nationalities, and motives, all attempt to find a wayward and drug-addicted elephant in the Norwegian wilderness before the others do. The film explores a wide number of themes including addiction, drug abuse, freedom, nature, tragedy, crime, materialism, urban decay, animal cruelty and animal rights.
It was Norway's first computer animated film. Costing in excess of 120 million Norwegian kroner it is the second most expensive Norwegian film to date, behind Max Manus. Several British CGI studios were involved in the production of the film, although the film was mostly a Norwegian production. The voice actors for the original Norwegian version included Kristopher Schau, Jan Sælid, Are&Odin, Egil Birkeland, Terje Ragner, Anders T. Andersen and Mikkel Gaup.
British comedy writer and actor Simon Pegg wrote a screenplay for the wider English-speaking world which was subsequently released straight to DVD on 7 October 2008 by BreakThru Films. The voice actors of the 2008 English-language version is made up of an international ensemble cast that includes Pegg himself, Woody Harrelson, Phil Daniels, Jay Simpson, Jim Broadbent, James Cosmo, David Tennant, Steve Pemberton, Reece Shearsmith, Mark Gatiss, Megan Dodds, Douglas Henshall, Kris Marshall, Emilia Fox, Samantha Morton, Kyle MacLachlan and Lisa Maxwell.
The film is dedicated to Joachim Nielsen (1964–2000), the director's brother and a rock musician famous in his native Norway, who had died of a drug overdose after quitting them successfully for many years. Whilst well received in its native country, reception to Free Jimmy has been generally negative in the English-speaking world.
Plot
The events of the original movie take place entirely in Norway; in the English-language version of the movie, the story begins in Britain and ends up in Norway with the travelling Russian circus.
At night, an animal testing laboratory in grimy central Oslo, Norway is broken into by a bumbling group of guerilla vegan animal rights activists called True Warriors Against Animal Torture and Subjugation (TWAATS). They first release some rabbits which refuse to leave. They then set the rats free, then the cats, which to the horror of the activists, eat the rats. Again to their horror, their dog Karma kills the cats. They bury the dead animals, vowing to at some point take revenge on "animal oppressing" society.
Meanwhile, three inept Cockney English stoner habitual criminals named Odd, Gaz and Flea (Odd, Geir and Kælle in the Norwegian version) watch a news story about the lab break-in at a decrepit apartment. Th
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.