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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East%20Leake	East Leake () is a large village and civil parish in the Rushcliffe district of Nottinghamshire, England, although its closest town and postal address is Loughborough in Leicestershire. Census data from 2021 shows that the village now has a population of 8,555. The original village was located on the Sheepwash Brook. Kingston Brook also runs through the village. Near the centre of the village is the historic St. Mary's Church, dating back to the 11th century, which Sheepwash Brook flows past, and an old ford, which provided access to the pinfold. The church has six bells. The Treaty of Leake was signed in 1318 by King Edward II and his baronial opponents. British Gypsum, a plasterboard manufacturer, has its headquarters in the village. The manufacturing of plasterboard began in this area in about 1880. Name The origin of Leake appears to be Laeke (Old Norse – brook or stream), and is consistent with East Leake's position in the heart of the Danelaw, which had various forms over time before becoming "Leake". One of the earliest mentions of East Leake is in the Domesday Book (1086) recorded as "Leche". The name comes from the Anglo-Saxon word meaning wet land, since the village lies on the Kingston Brook, a tributary of the River Soar. Demographics The population of East Leake has grown sharply over more recent years due to the expansion of the village and various new build sites being built across the village. Population data from the UK Office for National Statistics show growth from a population in 2001 of 6,108, to 2011 of 6,337 and finally the latest data from the 2021 census showing an increase to 8,555 people living in the village. Local amenities Four schools Brookside primary school Lantern Lane primary school Millside Spencer Academy primary school East Leake Academy (secondary school) Leisure centre with swimming pool Four pubs (Nag's Head, The Bulls Head, Three Horseshoes, and The Round RobINN) Co-op supermarket Post office A variety of other small shops, e.g., florist, green grocer, hardware Police station Fire station A Kickboxing club at East Leake Leisure Centre (PKA – East Leake) Amateur theatre group (ELAPS) Folk club (ELFS – East Leake FolkieS) Cricket, football, rugby and bowls clubs "Meadow Park", a local nature reserve East Leake pre-school play group a registered charity which provides term time play group facilities 2nd East Leake Scouts Rushcliffe Golf Club Transport East Leake lies close to the A60 and A6006 major roads and within five miles of the M1 motorway. Nottingham City Transport operate a frequent (15 minutes at peak times) bus service (No. 1) between Nottingham and Loughborough under the "South Notts" brand. An East Leake railway station used to exist, on the Great Central Railway. That line was controversially broken up in the Beeching Axe of the 1960s. The stretch from the point where the Great Central crossed the Midland Main Line in Loughborough through East Leake to Ruddington was retained to allow
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta%20BASIC	Beta BASIC is a BASIC interpreter for the Sinclair Research ZX Spectrum microcomputer, written by Dr Andrew Wright in 1983 and sold by his one-man software house BetaSoft. BetaSoft also produced a regular newsletter/magazine, BetaNews. Originally it started as a BASIC toolkit but over time it grew into a full replacement. Facilities Beta BASIC completely replaced Sinclair BASIC, which as common for the time was also the OS providing a command line interface (CLI). Thus Beta BASIC provided a new and improved CLI and editor. It supported Sinclair's idiosyncratic single-key entry system for BASIC keywords but also allowed keywords to be spelled out letter-for-letter. This also removed the necessity for memorising the sometimes arcane key combinations necessary to enter less-commonly-used BASIC keywords. However, the single-key entry system was also extended by mapping the Spectrum's 'graphics' characters to Beta BASIC's new keywords. To switch from keyword entry to typed entry, it was merely necessary to type a single space, causing the cursor mode to change from K (keyword) to L (lowercase) or C (capital). (The KEYWORDS statement could also be used to alter this behaviour, for example by disabling the K mode.) The editor, when listing, could optionally automatically prettyprint code. It was possible to do this manually in Sinclair BASIC, but automatic indentation has the advantage of highlighting certain types of coding error - primarily those to do with failing to correctly close constructs. Other editing improvements included automatic highlighting of the current-line indicator - a small tweak but disproportionately helpful - and the ability to move the cursor up and down as well as left and right, a huge boon when editing long lines. Combined with the 64-column display (see "New functionality" section below), these improvements made Beta BASIC a much more productive environment even for coding standard Sinclair BASIC and making no use of BetaSoft's language additions. Beta BASIC was also a standalone interpreter in its own right, bypassing the Spectrum ROM, which it used as a library. It occasionally made calls into the ROM to access functions that were not worth re-implementing either because the ROM routines were good enough or for reasons of space - Beta BASIC had to run in the 48 KB of memory available on a Spectrum and still leave room for the user's code. Language changes For its time, Beta BASIC was sophisticated. It provided full structured programming with named procedures and functions, complete with local variables, allowing for programming using recursion. Although it supported line numbers, they were not necessary and it offered a mode of operation which completely suppressed the display of line numbers. On the 128K Spectrum machines, Beta BASIC provided extended facilities allowing programmers to access the machine's extra memory, which took the form of a RAM disk. As well as allowing the programmer to save and load pr
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emulex	Emulex Corporation is a provider of computer network connectivity, monitoring and management hardware and software. The company's I/O connectivity offerings, including its line of Ethernet and Fibre Channel-based connectivity products, are or were used in server and storage products from OEMs, including Cisco, Dell, EMC Corporation, Fujitsu, Hitachi, HP, Huawei, IBM, NetApp, and Oracle Corporation. History 1979–1999 Emulex was founded in 1979 by Fred B. Cox "as a supplier of data storage products and data communications equipment for the computer industry." By 1983, Emulex was able to advertise its products as if it were grocery items: a 2-page spread headlined "One stop shopping for VAX users? Emulex, of course" showed 3 paper bags, each with the Emulex name and logo and each holding a large computer board. One bag also said, "Disk Controllers" while the second bag said, "Communication Controllers;" the third said "Tape Controllers." In 1992, Emulex spun off what became QLogic. Much of Emulex's early market was for Digital Equipment Corporation's VAX and PDP-11 systems. Computer History Museum's collections include an Emulex disk drive. 2000 to present Headquartered in Costa Mesa, California, Emulex employed more than 1,200 people in 2013. In 2000, Emulex acquired Giganet for $645 million, and in 2013, it acquired Endace, based in New Zealand. On April 21, 2009, Broadcom made a proposal to the Emulex board of directors to buy all existing shares of Emulex for $764 million, or $9.25 per share, a 40% premium over the stock's closing price on April 20, 2009. After Emulex's board of directors recommended against the sale, Broadcom increased their offer to $11 per share on June 30, which valued the company at $925 million. On July 9, 2009, it too was rejected Broadcom subsequently withdrew its offer. In February 2015, Avago Technologies Limited announced it would acquire Emulex for $8 per share, in cash. Avago, a spinoff of Hewlett Packard, merged with Broadcom in May of that year. Avago assumed the Broadcom name. See also Emulex hoax References External links AvagoTech.com website (which redirects to broadcomc.com) 2015 mergers and acquisitions American companies established in 1978 American companies disestablished in 2015 Broadcom Cloud storage gateways Companies based in Costa Mesa, California Companies formerly listed on the New York Stock Exchange Computer companies established in 1978 Computer companies disestablished in 2015 Computer storage companies Defunct computer companies based in California Defunct computer companies of the United States Defunct computer hardware companies Technology companies established in 1978 Technology companies disestablished in 2015
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89vasion	Évasion is a Canadian French language discretionary service channel owned by Groupe TVA. The channel broadcasts programming devoted to travel and adventure. History In May 1999, a consortium consisting of BCE Inc. (50.1%), Groupe Serdy (19.9%), Grouped TVA Inc. (10%), Media Overseas (10%), and Pathé/Canal Voyage France (10%) were granted approval by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) to launch a television channel called Canal Évasion, described as "a national French-language television specialty service that is dedicated exclusively to tourism, adventure and travel." The channel was launched on January 31, 2000, as "Canal Évasion". After various acquisitions over the years, ownership is held by the managing partner Groupe Serdy (formerly Serdy direct inc.) and Groupe TVA as a minority partner. In December 2008, the channel unveiled a new image including a new logo and on-air presentation, including simplifying its name by dropping the "Canal". On January 14, 2019, the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) approved the acquisition of the channel by Quebecor Média on behalf of its subsidiary Groupe TVA. On June 12, 2009, Serdy Direct launched an HD simulcast of Évasion. References External links Analog cable television networks in Canada French-language television networks in Canada Television channels and stations established in 2000 2000 establishments in Quebec Travel television
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian%20Television%20Awards	The Asian Television Awards (launched in 1996), is an appreciation to recognize and reward programming and production excellence in the Asian television industry. Held every December, the Awards comprises 56 categories across news, documentaries & current affairs, kids and animation, entertainment, drama, technical, digital as well as performances including acting and directing. The Awards draw about 1,400 entries each year from a wide range of broadcasters, including free-to-air TV stations, pay-TV platforms, OTT platforms as well as many independent production houses in Asia. Every year, a panel of more than 50 judges from more than 10 countries evaluate and select the entries. The winners are then awarded across 3 evenings: a Gala Dinner in Kuching for the technical and creative categories followed by a live telecast the next day for the entertainment and acting categories, also in Kuching. The digital awards are presented separately in another country. Asian TV Awards was founded in 1996. Award Categories Short Video and Social Categories Best Short Form Video Series - Scripted Best Short Form Video Series - Unscripted Best Branded Content Best Music Video Best Influencer - Health, Beauty & Fitness Best Influencer - Travel & Lifestyle Best Influencer - Sports and Gaming Digital Categories Best Single Digital Programme/Short Film Best Digital Non-Fiction Programme/Series Best Digital Fiction Programme/Series Best Original Digital Drama Series Best Original Digital Entertainment Programme Best Leading Male Performance - Digital Best Leading Female Performance - Digital Best Host/Presenter - Digital Technical and Creative Categories Best Cinematography Best Direction (Non-Fiction) Best Direction (Fiction) Best Editing Best Original Screenplay Best Theme Song Best Scriptwriting Performance Categories Best News Presenter or Anchor Best Current Affairs Presenter Best Entertainment Presenter/Host Best Sports Presenter/Commentator Best Actor in a Leading Role Best Actress in a Leading Role Best Actor in a Supporting Role Best Actress in a Supporting Role Best Programming Categories Best Documentary Programme (one-off/special) Best Documentary Series Best Natural History or Wildlife Programme Best News Programme Best Single News Story/Report (10min or less) Best Current Affairs Programme Best Drama Series Best Single Drama or Telemovie Best Comedy Programme Best Children's Programme Best Preschool Programme Best Entertainment (one-off/annual) Best General Entertainment Programme Best Game or Quiz Programme Best Music Programme Best Reality Show Best Infotainment Programme Best Talk Show Best Social Awareness Programme Best Adaptation of an Existing Format Best Lifestyle Programme Best 2D Animated Programme Best 3D Animated Programme Best Live Sports Coverage Best Sports Programme Grand Awards Performance Categories Winners 1996 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Best Documentary Programme (
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geovisualization	Geovisualization or geovisualisation (short for geographic visualization), also known as cartographic visualization, refers to a set of tools and techniques supporting the analysis of geospatial data through the use of interactive visualization. Like the related fields of scientific visualization and information visualization geovisualization emphasizes knowledge construction over knowledge storage or information transmission. To do this, geovisualization communicates geospatial information in ways that, when combined with human understanding, allow for data exploration and decision-making processes. Traditional, static maps have a limited exploratory capability; the graphical representations are inextricably linked to the geographical information beneath. GIS and geovisualization allow for more interactive maps; including the ability to explore different layers of the map, to zoom in or out, and to change the visual appearance of the map, usually on a computer display. Geovisualization represents a set of cartographic technologies and practices that take advantage of the ability of modern microprocessors to render changes to a map in real time, allowing users to adjust the mapped data on the fly. History The term visualization is first mentioned in the cartographic literature at least as early as 1953, in an article by University of Chicago geographer Allen K. Philbrick. New developments in the field of computer science prompted the National Science Foundation to redefine the term in a 1987 report which placed visualization at the convergence of computer graphics, image processing, computer vision, computer-aided design, signal processing, and user interface studies and emphasized both the knowledge creation and hypothesis generation aspects of scientific visualization. Geovisualization developed as a field of research in the early 1980s, based largely on the work of French graphic theorist Jacques Bertin. Bertin's work on cartographic design and information visualization share with the National Science Foundation report a focus on the potential for the use of "dynamic visual displays as prompts for scientific insight and on the methods through which dynamic visual displays might leverage perceptual cognitive processes to facilitate scientific thinking". Geovisualization has continued to grow as a subject of practice and research. The International Cartographic Association (ICA) established a Commission on Visualization & Virtual Environments in 1995. Related fields Geovisualization is closely related to other visualization fields, such as scientific visualization and information visualization. Owing to its roots in cartography, geovisualization contributes to these other fields by way of the map metaphor, which "has been widely used to visualize non-geographic information in the domains of information visualization and domain knowledge visualization." It is also related to urban simulation. Applications Geovisualization has made inroad
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space%20Academy	Space Academy is an American science fiction television series produced by Filmation that originally aired Saturday mornings on the CBS television network, from September 10 to December 17, 1977. (Repeats ran on and off until September 1, 1979.) A total of 15 half-hour episodes were made. Cast The program starred veteran actor Jonathan Harris, best known as Dr. Zachary Smith of Lost in Space; co-starring were Pamelyn Wanda Ferdin, Ric Carrott, Maggie Cooper, Brian Tochi, Ty Henderson, and Eric Greene. The program featured a pint-sized robot called "Peepo", a radio-controlled machine voiced by Erika Scheimer talking through a pitch-shifter with regenerative delay. Ferdin and Tochi had been among the child actors who played a group of children orphaned by an evil being masquerading as an angel in the 1968 Star Trek episode And the Children Shall Lead. Guest stars included Lawrence "Larry" Dobkin; Dena Dietrich ("Mother Nature" in the Chiffon margarine TV commercials of the 1960s and 70s); George DiCenzo; Dallas McKennon; and Howard Morris. Concepts and characters Established in the "star year" 3732, the Space Academy, located on an asteroid, brought together the best of young minds, including several with special skills and abilities, to explore the mysteries of space. Commander Isaac Gampu (Jonathan Harris) was the head of the academy. His many years of space exploration exposed him to conditions that immensely slowed his aging process; though appearing to be in his sixties or seventies, his true age was well over 300 years old, giving him a unique perspective on history and some ideal qualifications as a teacher. He oversaw the activities of three student exploratory teams, the Red, Blue and Gold Teams (although the main characters were all members of the Blue Team). Chris Gentry (Ric Carrott) and Laura Gentry (Pamelyn Ferdin) were the captain and co-captain, respectively, of the academy's Blue Team. The siblings (Chris was the elder) had highly developed telekinetic and other psychic powers. Laura was attracted to Matt Prentiss (John Berwick, later "Rex Ruthless" on Hero High), the occasionally-seen leader of the Red Team. Adrian Pryce-Jones (the late Maggie Cooper) was number three in the Blue Team's chain of command and Chris's love interest. Paul Jerome (the late Ty Henderson), a highly intelligent transferee from the Red Team, was raised on an Earth colony. He was number four in the Blue Team's chain of command (although Paul is introduced as an established academy member in the first episode, he is reintroduced in the second episode as if he were a new character; conversely Loki, introduced in the first episode as a new admission, is reintroduced in the second episode as a long-established member. This continuity error was acknowledged in the information booklet accompanying the series' DVD release). Tee Gar Soom (Brian Tochi), number five in Blue Team's chain of command, had superhuman physical strength and continued the martial
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nixdorf%20Computer	Nixdorf Computer AG was a West German computer company founded by Heinz Nixdorf in 1952. Headquartered in Paderborn, Germany, it became the fourth largest computer company in Europe, and a worldwide specialist in banking and point-of-sale systems. Labor for Impulstechnik When Nixdorf worked at Remington Rand Corp., he recognized the market potential for calculators. He presented his concept to a few large businesses. The Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk (RWE) in Essen showed interest and trust in his ideas, so they gave him 30,000 D-Mark. With that, Nixdorf was able to found the Labor für Impulstechnik on July 1, 1952. The same year, the company delivered their first calculator. Because of their success, the Labor für Impulstechnik delivered to major companies like the Wanderer-Werke in Cologne and the Compagnie des Machines Bull in Paris. In 1954 the company was compelled to move to another office location, because they needed more space. They invented many products like the Wanderer Conti, the first desk calculator in the world with a printer in it, and the Nixdorf-Universalcomputer 820. The fast expansion was the reason why the company rented rooms in Paderborn, Nixdorf's hometown. One year later, the company moved completely to Paderborn and their first own building was built in 1961. Today, there is a museum located there. In 1967, Nixdorf had the idea of not just selling via distributors anymore, but to sell the products by himself. The first companies were built and the Labor für Impulstechnik was also represented in Berlin. The first public move was when the company bought their biggest client, the Wanderer-Werke in Cologne. Development of the Nixdorf Computer AG With the buy of the Wanderer shares in 1968, followed the merger between the former Wanderer Werken and the Labor for Impulstechnik to the Nixdorf Computer AG on October 1, the same year. The place of business was in Paderborn. Because of the electronic data processing as a new concept, the company had a quick success. Producers like IBM were trusted on mainframes but Heinz Nixdorf recognized that mainframes were too expensive for many concerns, so he presented the Nixdorf 820. With that he brought the computer directly to the office and the people could afford it. Because of a 100 million DM order in 1968, the first computers made their way from Paderborn overseas. Later, the Nixdorf Computer AG also settled down in the United States and in Japan. In the 1970s, the Nixdorf Computer AG grew to the market leader in the mid-range computing in Germany and was the fourth largest computer company in Europe with subsidiaries in Germany, Ireland, Spain, the United States and Singapore. In 1972, it was represented in 22 countries. Because of the expansion, the company grew faster and bigger and so they had to build new buildings. In 1971, the new central office was applied, today it is called the Heinz Nixdorf Aue and in the building is the Heinz Nixdorf Museums Forum and th
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jtest	Jtest is an automated Java software testing and static analysis product developed by Parasoft. The product includes technology for data-flow analysis, unit test-case generation and execution, static analysis, and more. Jtest is used by companies such as Cisco Systems and TransCore. It is also used by Lockheed Martin for the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter program (JSF). Awards Jtest received the Dr. Dobb's Journal Jolt Award for Excellence in 2000. It was granted a Codie award from the Software and Information Industry Association for "Best Software Testing Solution" in 2005 and 2007. It also won "Technology of the Year" award as "Best Application Test Tool" from InfoWorld two years in a row in 2006 and 2007. See also Automated testing List of unit testing frameworks List of tools for static code analysis Regression testing Software testing System testing Test case Test-driven development xUnit, a family of unit testing frameworks References External links Jtest page Abstract interpretation Computer security software Extreme programming Java platform Java development tools Security testing tools Software review Software testing tools Static program analysis tools Unit testing Unit testing frameworks
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object%20orgy	In computer programming, an object orgy is a situation in which objects are insufficiently encapsulated via information hiding, allowing unrestricted access to their internals. This is a common failure (or anti-pattern) in object-oriented design or object-oriented programming, and it can lead to increased maintenance needs and problems, and even unmaintainable complexity. Consequences The results of an object orgy are mainly a loss of the benefits of encapsulation, including: Unrestricted access makes it hard for a reader to reason about the behaviour of an object. This is because direct access to its internal state means any other part of the system can manipulate it, increasing the amount of code to examine, and creating means for future abuse. As a consequence of the difficulty of reasoning, design by contract is effectively impossible. If much code takes advantage of the lack of encapsulation, the result is a scarcely maintainable maze of interactions, commonly known as a rat's nest or spaghetti code. The original design is obscured by the excessively broad interfaces to objects. The broad interfaces make it harder to re-implement a class without disturbing the rest of the system. This is especially hard when clients of a class are developed by a different team or organisation. Forms Encapsulation may be weakened in several ways, including: By declaring internal members public, or by providing free access to data via public mutator methods (setter or getter). By providing non-public access. For example, see: Java access modifiers and accessibility levels in C# In C++, via some of the above means, and by declaring friend classes or functions. An object may also make its internal data accessible by passing references to them as arguments to methods or constructors of other classes, which may retain references. In contrast, objects holding references to one another, though sometimes described as a form of object orgy, does not by itself breach encapsulation. Causes Members may be declared public to avoid the effort or syntactic overhead of providing proper accessors for them. This may increase readability of the class, but at the cost of the consequences described above. For some languages, a member intended to be readable by other objects can be made modifiable because the language has no convenient construct for read-only access. An object orgy may be a symptom of coding to an immature and anemic design, when a designer has insufficiently analysed the interactions between objects. It can also arise from laziness or haste in implementing a design, especially if a programmer does not communicate enough with a designer, or from reluctance to revise a design when problems arise, which also encourages many other anti-patterns. Many programmers view objects as anemic data repositories and manipulate them violating Information Hiding, Encapsulation and Design by Contracts principles. Solutions In general, encapsulation is broken
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20iTunes	The iTunes media platform was first released by Apple in 2001 as a simple music player for Mac computers. Over time, iTunes developed into a sophisticated multimedia content manager, hardware synchronization manager and e-commerce platform. iTunes was finally discontinued for new Mac computers in 2019, but is still available and supported for Macs running older operating systems and for Windows computers to ensure updated compatibility for syncing with new releases of iOS devices (refer to Devices section). iTunes enables users to manage media content, create playlists, synchronize media content with handheld devices including the iPod, iPhone, and iPad, re-image and update handheld devices, stream Internet radio and purchase music, films, television shows, and audiobooks via the iTunes Store. History Apple based the initial release of iTunes on SoundJam MP, a program developed by Bill Kincaid and released by Casady & Greene in 1999. Apple purchased the program from Casady & Greene in 2000. At the time of the purchase, Kincaid, Jeff Robbin and Dave Heller left Casady & Greene to continue development of the program as Apple employees. At Apple, the developers simplified SoundJam's user interface, added the ability to burn CDs, and removed the program's recording feature and skin support. Apple released version 1.0 of the program under a new name "iTunes" on January 9, 2001, at Macworld San Francisco. Macintosh users immediately began poking through iTunes's resource fork, where they discovered numerous strings and other resources that indicated that iTunes was a re-engineered Sound Jam MP. Casady & Greene ceased distribution of SoundJam MP on June 1, 2001, at the request of the developers. Originally a Mac OS 9-only application, iTunes began to support Mac OS X with the release of version 1.1 in March 2001. Release 2.0 added support for the new iPod. Version 3 dropped Mac OS 9 support but added smart playlists and a ratings system. In April 2003, version 4.0 introduced the iTunes Store; in October, version 4.1 added support for Microsoft Windows 2000 and Windows XP. Introduced at Macworld 2005 with the new iPod Shuffle, Version 4.7.1 introduced the ability to convert higher-bitrate songs to 128kbit/s AAC automatically, as these devices did not natively support audio encoded in AIFF or Apple Lossless formats, also improving the value proposition of the Shuffle's limited flash-only storage. Version 7.0 introduced gapless playback and Cover Flow in September 2006. In March 2007, iTunes 7.1 added support for Windows Vista, and 7.3.2 was the last Windows 2000 version. iTunes lacked support for 64-bit versions of Windows until the 7.6 update on January 16, 2008. iTunes is currently supported under any 64-bit version of Windows, although the iTunes executable was still 32-bit until version 12.1. The 64-bit versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 are not supported by Apple, but a workaround has been devised for both operating systems. Versio
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerard%20J.%20Holzmann	Gerard J. Holzmann (born 1951) is a Dutch-American computer scientist and researcher at Bell Labs and NASA, best known as the developer of the SPIN model checker. Biography Holzmann was born in Amsterdam, Netherlands and received an Engineer's degree in electrical engineering from the Delft University of Technology in 1976. He subsequently also received his PhD degree from Delft University in 1979 under Willem van der Poel and J.L. de Kroes with a thesis entitled Coordination problems in multiprocessing systems. After receiving a Fulbright Scholarship he was a post-graduate student at the University of Southern California for another year, where he worked with Per Brinch Hansen. In 1980 he started at Bell Labs in Murray Hill for a year. Back in the Netherlands he was assistant professor at the Delft University of Technology for two years. In 1983 he returned to Bell Labs where he worked in the Computing Science Research Center (the former Unix research group). In 2003 he joined NASA, where he leads the NASA JPL Laboratory for Reliable Software in Pasadena, California and is a JPL fellow. In 1981 Holzmann was awarded the Prof. Bahler Prize by the Royal Dutch Institute of Engineers, the Software System Award (for SPIN) in 2001 by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), the Paris Kanellakis Theory and Practice Award in 2005, and the NASA Exceptional Engineering Achievement Medal in October 2012. Holzmann was elected a member of the US National Academy of Engineering in 2005 for the creation of model-checking systems for software verification. In 2011 he was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery. In 2015 he was awarded the IEEE Harlan D. Mills Award. Work Holzmann is known for the development of the SPIN model checker (SPIN is short for Simple Promela Interpreter) in the 1980s at Bell Labs. This device can verify the correctness of concurrent software, since 1991 freely available. Books Publications, a selection: The Spin Model Checker — Primer and Reference Manual, Addison-Wesley, 2003. . Design and Validation of Computer Protocols, Prentice Hall, 1991. The Early History of Data Networks, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1995. Beyond Photography — The Digital Darkroom, Prentice Hall, 1988. . References External links Home page Interview 1951 births Living people American computer scientists Dutch computer scientists Formal methods people Scientists at Bell Labs Delft University of Technology alumni Scientists from Amsterdam NASA people Dutch emigrants to the United States Fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering Fellows of Jet Propulsion Laboratory
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buletin%20Malam	Buletin Malam, (literally Nightly Bulletin) is the first newscast containing international stories ever produced by a private television network in Indonesia. it was launched on 1 February 1991 on RCTI, Buletin Malam which was then hosted by Helmi Johannes and Desi Anwar. The newscast is a half-hour pre-midnight news program and it continues to be one of the strongest late night shows in Indonesian television industry, Buletin Malam was also carried by RCTI's then sister network SCTV. On 9 February 2009, Seputar Indonesia was revamped and is the only news program on RCTI, now called Satu Seputar Indonesia. The morning news program, Nuansa Pagi was renamed Seputar Indonesia Pagi. The afternoon news program, Buletin Siang renamed Seputar Indonesia Siang. The late night news program, Buletin Malam was renamed Seputar Indonesia Malam. The main evening edition retained the Seputar Indonesia name due to the historical context. Indonesian television news shows 2009 Indonesian television series endings 1991 Indonesian television series debuts 1990s Indonesian television series 2000s Indonesian television series RCTI original programming SCTV (TV network) original programming
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meego%20%28TV%20series%29	Meego is an American science fiction sitcom television series that ran for six episodes from September 19 to October 24, 1997, on the CBS television network as part of its Friday night Block Party program block; after its cancellation, seven additional episodes that were produced but left unaired in the United States were aired in some international markets (such as on Sky1 in the United Kingdom). Created by Ross Brown, and developed by Thomas L. Miller, Robert L. Boyett, and Michael Warren, the series starred Bronson Pinchot in the title role as an alien masquerading as a human being who, after his spaceship crashlands on Earth, unexpectedly becomes the nanny to a single father's three children. Synopsis Meego (Pinchot) is a 9,000-year-old shape-shifting alien from the planet Marmazon 4.0. After his spaceship crashes, he is discovered by three children; Trip (Erik von Detten, later played by Will Estes), Maggie (Michelle Trachtenberg) and Alex Parker (Jonathan Lipnicki). They live with their single father, Dr. Edward Parker (Ed Begley Jr.) and pass Meego off as human (he does not want anyone to know that he is extraterrestrial, and tells people he is from Canada instead). Although he plans to go home as soon as his ship is repaired, he becomes attached to the children and decides to remain on Earth to care for them. Cast Main Bronson Pinchot as Meego Ed Begley Jr. as Dr. Edward Parker Michelle Trachtenberg as Maggie Parker Erik von Detten (pilot episode only) and Will Estes (episodes 2–13) as Trip Parker Jonathan Lipnicki as Alex Parker Notable guest stars Jaleel White in the episodes "Love and Money" and "The Truth About Cars and Dogs" (though seen wearing Urkel's eyeglasses, he appears here in uncredited, non-speaking roles as a disgruntled repossessor and a man who blows a whistle at a pinewood derby race). Three cast members of Gilligan's Island, Bob Denver, Dawn Wells, and Russell Johnson, had a guest appearance on the episode "Mommy 'n' Meego", which was unaired in the United States. Home exteriors The exteriors of the Parker family home on Meego had been recycled from an earlier Miller-Boyett series, On Our Own. The footage of the home was filmed in a suburb of St. Louis, where On Our Own was set; however, in episode "Magic Parker", reference is made to "the greater Chicago area". Episodes Broadcast Meego was commissioned specifically for the CBS Block Party, an effort to compete with TGIF, the long-running family comedy block on ABC. Incoming CBS head Leslie Moonves saw an opportunity to take advantage of an ownership change at ABC (then being acquired by The Walt Disney Company, which was reshaping TGIF into a more teen-oriented block) and offered Miller-Boyett Productions US$40 million to bring two of TGIF's programs, Family Matters and Step by Step, to CBS. As part of the deal, Miller-Boyett also received the right to produce a new show, which became Meego. Meego was unusual among the shows in the CBS Block Party in t
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DTN	DTN or DtN may refer to: Daniel Tiger's Neighborhood Delay-tolerant networking, or Disruption-tolerant networking, an approach to computer network architecture DTN (company), provider of specialized news services with data from financial markets, weather, etc. Decision Theater North, an immersive visualization space for complex decision making in Fairbanks, Alaska Down to Nothing, a straight-edge hardcore band from Richmond, Virginia Dorsal tegmental nucleus, a brain region Dictius Te Necare (Latin: "You must kill yourself") a 1996 album by German black metal band Bethlehem Daystar Television Network, an evangelical Christian television broadcaster the IATA airport code for Shreveport Downtown Airport in Shreveport, Louisiana the UK railway station code for Denton railway station in Denton, Greater Manchester the term downtown
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP%209g	The hp 9g (F2222A) is a graphing calculator designed by Kinpo Electronics, Inc and produced by Hewlett-Packard. It has basic graphing, scientific and programming features designed for use by students. Despite resembling a typical scientific calculator in appearance, such as those by competitors Casio and Sharp, the 9g departs from HP calculator tradition because it does not have an RPN mode. It is also particular unusual for its display, which includes a compact dot-matrix grid for displaying graphs, a dot-matrix character line which displays expressions being input (acting as a continuation of the dot-matrix grid), and a seven-segment line to display answers to expressions. The HP-9g is similar to Citizen SRP-325G, also designed by Kinpo Electronics, Inc. See also Comparison of HP graphing calculators List of HP calculators References External links HP-9g on MyCalcDB (database about 1970s and 1980s pocket calculators) Self-test function for hp 9g - also known as: Kinpo SG1, Citizen SRP325G Graphing calculators 9g Sunplus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNY	SportsNet New York (SNY) is an American regional sports network owned by Sterling Entertainment Enterprises, LLC, itself a joint venture between Fred Wilpon's Sterling Equities (which owns a controlling 65% interest), Charter Communications through its acquisition of Time Warner Cable in May 2016 (which owns 27%) and Comcast, through its NBC Sports Group subsidiary (which owns 8%). The channel primarily broadcasts games and related programming involving the New York Mets, but also carries supplementary coverage of the Mets and the New York Jets as well as college sports events. SNY maintains business operations and studio facilities at 4 World Trade Center. SportsNet New York is available on cable and fiber optic television providers throughout the New York metropolitan area and the state of New York; it is also available nationwide on satellite via DirecTV. History SportsNet New York was launched on March 16, 2006. The network was created in order for the New York Mets to better leverage the team's television broadcasting rights, which were previously held by Cablevision for its regional sports networks MSG and FSN New York. From 1998 to 2002, Cablevision had a monopoly on the cable television rights to all local professional sports franchises in the New York City market, which resulted in the company using those rights for various business practices (some controversial among viewers and local media analysts) such as moving certain games to its MSG Metro Channels, a group of locally based services that had limited distribution on most cable providers in the New York City metropolitan area. In 2002, YankeeNets – then the corporate entity which owned both the New York Yankees and New Jersey Nets – ended the monopoly by launching the YES Network to serve as the local cable broadcaster of their games, leaving the Mets in the Cablevision fold until that team's contract with the company (the dominant cable provider outside of Manhattan and the adjacent boroughs) expired in 2005. Its owners at the time is Comcast, Time Warner Cable, Wilpon, CBS Sports and Dish Network. By 2011, through its majority ownership, the Mets received $68 million in revenue from SportsNet New York for the broadcast rights to its games. In 2013, Bloomberg estimated that $1.2 billion of the Mets' $2.1 billion value came from SNY. From the network's founding until 2017, its headquarters was located in the Time-Life Building at Rockefeller Center, on the corner of Avenue of the Americas and West 51st Street in Manhattan (in the former home of the now-defunct CNN news program American Morning). In March 2017, the network relocated to 4 World Trade Center. Part of SNY's studio facility is leased to NFL Network for that network's morning show Good Morning Football. Sports coverage New York Mets SportsNet New York, through its majority ownership by the team, serves as the primary local broadcaster of the New York Mets. It carries at least 120 games involving the team each seaso
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuansa%20Pagi	Nuansa Pagi (lit. 'Morning Nuance') is the first morning newscast ever produced by a private television network in Indonesia. Nuansa Pagi debuted on RCTI from 17 January 1993 to 24 August 1993 as Buletin Pagi ('Morning Bulletin') before it evolved to go nationwide on 25 August 1993 as Nuansa Pagi and since then has become one of the strongest morning shows in the country, according to Nielsen Media Research. Nuansa Pagi was also carried by RCTI's then sister network SCTV (1993–1996). On 9 February 2009, Seputar Indonesia was revamped and is the only news program on RCTI, now called Satu Seputar Indonesia. The morning news program Nuansa Pagi was renamed Seputar Indonesia Pagi. The afternoon news program Buletin Siang was renamed Seputar Indonesia Siang. The late night news program Buletin Malam was renamed Seputar Indonesia Malam. The main evening edition retained the Seputar Indonesia name due to the historical context. Logos On 24 August 1993, the Nuansa Pagi logo was a rainbow half-circle with a box bottom of it, with word NUANSA in the half-circle while PAGI was in the bottom box; used until from 31 December 1995. On 1 January 1996, the Nuansa Pagi 1993 logo has 3D graphics until 30 September 2001. On 1 October 2001, The Nuansa Pagi used the logo with a square box and a blue Earth Ball, with the letter N and the RCTI Logo at the bottom was used until from 31 July 2002. On 1 August 2002, The Nuansa Pagi used the logo with a square box and a blue Earth Ball, with the letter N behind the blue Earth ball at the bottom, used until from 31 January 2003. On 1 February 2003, the logo used was a blue square box bottom and words nuansa pagi and red ball bottom near the letter 'I' was used until 31 July 2006. On 1 August 2006, the logo was changed to Seputar Indonesia logos from 1 August 2006 until 8 February 2009. Segments Main News Regional Crime Special Sportivo Crime News Only on Indonesia Chosen picture Host Aiman Witjaksono (Main Anchor) Iwan Harjadi (Main Anchor) Isyana Bagoes Oka (Main Anchor) Zaldy Noer (Sport and Criminal) Joice Triatman (Weekend Edition) Michael Tjandra (Weekend Edition) Cheryl Tanzil (Former Weekend Edition) See also Seputar Indonesia Buletin Siang Buletin Malam Indonesian television news shows 2009 Indonesian television series endings 1991 Indonesian television series debuts 1990s Indonesian television series 2000s Indonesian television series RCTI original programming SCTV (TV network) original programming
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7-Eleven%20Speak%20Out%20Wireless	7-Eleven SpeakOut Wireless is a mobile virtual network operator brand for prepaid wireless service. The brand was launched in April 2003 by the 7-Eleven convenience store chain in the United States, and expanded to Canada in November 2005. 7-Eleven SpeakOut ceased operating in the United States in 2010. The brand operates as a reseller of a virtual mobile network using Ztar Mobile, a mobile virtual network enabler (MVNE), on the Rogers Wireless network in Canada. It provides service in all provinces except Quebec and also does not operate in the Canadian territories. In the United States, it used Ztar Mobile on the AT&T Mobility network. Services SpeakOut offers pay-per-use plans and monthly plans, with monthly add-ons such as SMS, mobile browsing, and a block of minutes for domestic calls. In Canada, top-up and SIM card purchases are offered through an on-line website. In eastern Ontario, where 7-Eleven demolished its one Kingston store and sold its six Ottawa locations to Quickie Convenience Stores, existing Ottawa SpeakOut subscribers were permitted to move their prepaid balances to Quickie's Good2Go cellphone program. That program has shorter expiry times for prepaid minutes. Caller ID, call waiting, conference calling, voicemail and account notifications are standard features. International roaming is not supported. Access to voicemail from the mobile handset incurs local or long distance rates; messages also are retrievable by calling the mobile number from another telephone. See also List of defunct, merged and acquired US MVNO's External links References Wireless Mobile virtual network operators Mobile phone companies of Canada Defunct mobile phone companies of the United States
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow%20mapping	Shadow mapping or shadowing projection is a process by which shadows are added to 3D computer graphics. This concept was introduced by Lance Williams in 1978, in a paper entitled "Casting curved shadows on curved surfaces." Since then, it has been used both in pre-rendered and realtime scenes in many console and PC games. Shadows are created by testing whether a pixel is visible from the light source, by comparing the pixel to a z-buffer or depth image of the light source's view, stored in the form of a texture. Principle of a shadow and a shadow map If you looked out from a source of light, all the objects you can see would appear in light. Anything behind those objects, however, would be in shadow. This is the basic principle used to create a shadow map. The light's view is rendered, storing the depth of every surface it sees (the shadow map). Next, the regular scene is rendered comparing the depth of every point drawn (as if it were being seen by the light, rather than the eye) to this depth map. This technique is less accurate than shadow volumes, but the shadow map can be a faster alternative depending on how much fill time is required for either technique in a particular application and therefore may be more suitable to real-time applications. In addition, shadow maps do not require the use of an additional stencil buffer and can be modified to produce shadows with a soft edge. Unlike shadow volumes, however, the accuracy of a shadow map is limited by its resolution. Algorithm overview Rendering a shadowed scene involves two major drawing steps. The first produces the shadow map itself, and the second applies it to the scene. Depending on the implementation (and the number of lights), this may require two or more drawing passes. Creating the shadow map The first step renders the scene from the light's point of view. For a point light source, the view should be a perspective projection as wide as its desired angle of effect (it will be a sort of square spotlight). For directional light (e.g., that from the Sun), an orthographic projection should be used. From this rendering, the depth buffer is extracted and saved. Because only the depth information is relevant, it is common to avoid updating the color buffers and disable all lighting and texture calculations for this rendering, to save drawing time. This depth map is often stored as a texture in graphics memory. This depth map must be updated any time there are changes to either the light or the objects in the scene, but can be reused in other situations, such as those where only the viewing camera moves. (If there are multiple lights, a separate depth map must be used for each light.) In many implementations, it is practical to render only a subset of the objects in the scene to the shadow map to save some of the time it takes to redraw the map. Also, a depth offset which shifts the objects away from the light may be applied to the shadow map rendering in an attempt to resolve s
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity%20Information%20Standards%20%28TDWG%29	Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG), originally called the Taxonomic Databases Working Group, is a non-profit scientific and educational association that works to develop open standards for the exchange of biodiversity data, facilitating biodiversity informatics. It is affiliated with the International Union of Biological Sciences. It is best known for the Darwin Core standard for exchanging biodiversity, which has been used by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility to collect millions of biological observations from museums and other organizations from around the world. History TDWG was founded in 1985 as the Taxonomic Databases Working Group; the first meeting took place on September 28–30, 1985, at the Conservatory and Botanical Garden of the City of Geneva in Switzerland. The organisation was formed as an international collaboration to promote the wider and more effective dissemination of information about biological organisms. Its name was changed to Taxonomic Databases Working Group for Plant Sciences in 1986. It was accepted as a commission of the International Union of Biological Sciences in October 1988. The name changed to International Working Group on Taxonomic Databases for Plant Sciences in 1988. Initially focusing on plant taxonomic databases, in 1994 it expanded its scope to cover all taxonomic databases and changed its name to International Working Group on Taxonomic Databases. In 2006 the group decided to change their name to emphasise their focus was on standards for sharing biodiversity data, rather than on taxonomy or the databases themselves. However, they wished to retain TDWG for historical continuity, so the name became Biodiversity Informations Standards (TDWG). Activities TDWG organises an annual meeting for its members. The organization was founded at the first meeting in Geneva in 1985. The association currently: Develops, adopts, and promotes standards and guidelines for the recording, discovery, exchange, and integration of data about organisms, Promotes the use of these standards and guidelines through the most appropriate and effective means, and Acts as a forum for discussion about biodiversity informatics standards This organization publishes conference proceedings in the Biodiversity Information Science and Standards (BISS), published by Pensoft. References External links Bioinformatics organizations Taxonomy (biology) organizations Biodiversity databases Organizations established in 1985 Working groups Standards organizations 1985 establishments in Switzerland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major%20League%20Baseball%20on%20NBC	Major League Baseball on NBC is the de facto branding for weekly broadcasts of Major League Baseball (MLB) games that are produced by NBC Sports, and televised on the NBC television network; and, as of 2022, as well as on its co-owned streaming service, Peacock. Major League Baseball games first aired on the network from to , including The NBC Game of the Week, when CBS acquired the broadcast television rights. Games returned to the network in as part of The Baseball Network, a time-brokered package of broadcasts produced by Major League Baseball and split with ABC. After The Baseball Network folded after the 1995 season, NBC retained a smaller package through 2000, alternating rights to a package of postseason games with Fox (with NBC carrying the National League Championship Series and World Series in odd-numbered years, and the American League Championship Series and All-Star Game in even-numbered years). The Comcast SportsNet regional sports networks became part of NBC Sports after Comcast acquired NBCUniversal in 2011; they currently hold rights to the Chicago White Sox, Oakland Athletics, Philadelphia Phillies, and San Francisco Giants. In 2022, NBC returned to national MLB coverage by acquiring a package of games for its streaming service Peacock. History From 1947 to 1956 and again in 1965, NBC only aired the All-Star Game (beginning in 1950) and World Series. From 1957 to 1989, the network aired the Saturday afternoon Game of the Week (or a variation of it prior to 1966, when NBC did not hold the exclusive over-the-air television rights). From 1994 to 1995, NBC aired games under a joint broadcasting venture with Major League Baseball and ABC called The Baseball Network. From 1996 to 2000, the network's league coverage was reduced to postseason games (three Division Series games in prime time, the American League Championship Series in even-numbered years, and the National League Championship Series and World Series in odd-numbered years), as well as the All-Star Game in even-numbered years (during years when NBC did not hold the rights to the World Series). Attempted bid for 2007–13 A June 4, 2006 Broadcasting & Cable article stated that Fox may have considered a partnership with another network (which ultimately, turned out to be TBS) for the next contract. NBC was the only network named in connection to a possible partnership in the article. The setup being suggested was similar to the last time NBC had the rights to baseball, that being the network would get the rights to some League Championship Series games and alternate rights to the World Series and All-Star Game with Fox, which may or may not have kept the Game of the Week. After weeks of speculation and rumors, on July 11, 2006, at the All-Star Game, Major League Baseball announced a renewal of its existing current with Fox Sports through 2013, allowing the Fox network to retain exclusivity of the television rights to the World Series and the All-Star Game (the World Ser
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZFN	ZFN is an acronym that may refer to: Tulita Airport, an airport in Canada Zinc finger nuclease, a nuclease enzyme coupled to a zinc finger-based DNA-binding domain The Zero-Configuration File Network, an open-source network program
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TriBBS	TriBBS is a computer bulletin board system (BBS) designed for MS-DOS-based computers. History TriBBS was written by Mark Goodwin and marketed through his company, TriSoft. TriBBS was written in C++ and assembly language. TriBBS development was guided primarily by the requests and suggestions of the SysOps who used the program. As a result, the TriBBS Application Program Interface was added by Goodwin to aid other software developers in making third party software operate seamlessly with TriBBS. In 1997, TriBBS was sold to Gary Price of Freejack's Software, who had previously developed a collection of add-ons and tools for use with TriBBS. Apart from a handful of small feature additions, the most significant contribution Price made was making TriBBS Y2K-compliant. In 2000, TriBBS was sold again, this time to Frank Prue of PTC Software. Shortly after the acquisition, PTC Software announced via the alt.bbs.tribbs newsgroup that they intended to release a 32-bit version of TriBBS. It has never been released. Current status The latest version of TriBBS v11.6 was released 23 March 2002. External links Marc Brooks' TriBBS 10.x/11.x Software Bulletin board system software
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kienzle%20Computer	Kienzle Computer was a German manufacturer of data processing equipment. Its official name was Kienzle Apparate GmbH (Kienzle precision equipment), whose main products were instrumentation for commercial vehicles (particularly taximeters and tachographs). It was spun off from the Kienzle clock factory (Kienzle Uhrenfabriken AG) in 1929. In the 1980s it was merged with Mannesmann as Mannesmann-Kienzle, and in 1991 it was sold to the Digital Equipment GmbH and was renamed Digital-Kienzle Computer Systeme. External links German Web portal to the Corporate History of Kienzle Apparate Kienzle computer models (look under K) Kienzle Automotive Defunct computer hardware companies Defunct computer companies of Germany
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Program%20transformation	A program transformation is any operation that takes a computer program and generates another program. In many cases the transformed program is required to be semantically equivalent to the original, relative to a particular formal semantics and in fewer cases the transformations result in programs that semantically differ from the original in predictable ways. While the transformations can be performed manually, it is often more practical to use a program transformation system that applies specifications of the required transformations. Program transformations may be specified as automated procedures that modify compiler data structures (e.g. abstract syntax trees) representing the program text, or may be specified more conveniently using patterns or templates representing parameterized source code fragments. A practical requirement for source code transformation systems is that they be able to effectively process programs written in a programming language. This usually requires integration of a full front-end for the programming language of interest, including source code parsing, building internal program representations of code structures, the meaning of program symbols, useful static analyses, and regeneration of valid source code from transformed program representations. The problem of building and integrating adequate front ends for conventional languages (Java, C++, PHP etc.) may be of equal difficulty as building the program transformation system itself because of the complexity of such languages. To be widely useful, a transformation system must be able to handle many target programming languages, and must provide some means of specifying such front ends. A generalisation of semantic equivalence is the notion of program refinement: one program is a refinement of another if it terminates on all the initial states for which the original program terminates, and for each such state it is guaranteed to terminate in a possible final state for the original program. In other words, a refinement of a program is more defined and more deterministic than the original program. If two programs are refinements of each other, then the programs are equivalent. See also List of program transformation systems Metaprogramming Program synthesis Source-to-source compiler Source code generation Transformation language Transformational grammar Dynamic recompilation References External links The Program transformation Wiki Papers on program transformation theory and practice Transformation Technology Bibliography DMS Software Reengineering Toolkit: A Program Transformation System for DSLs and modern (C++, Java, ...) and legacy (COBOL, RPG) computer languages Spoon: A library to analyze, transform, rewrite, and transpile Java source code. It parses source files to build a well-designed AST with powerful analysis and transformation API. JavaParser: The JavaParser library provides you with an Abstract Syntax Tree of your Java code. The AST stru
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TDL	TDL may refer to: Businesses and organizations Technical Design Labs, a former microcomputer- and software company Texas Digital Library, a consortium of institutions TDL Group, former company name of Tim Hortons Places Tokyo Disneyland, Japan Tandil Airport (IATA code), Argentina Tundla Junction railway station (Station code), India Technology Tactical Data Link, in military communication Top-level domain (TLD), of the Internet Other uses Tomodachi Life, a 2013 life simulation video game Toxic Dose Low, in toxicology Sur language (ISO 639-3 code: tdl), a Plateau language of Nigeria See also Temporal difference learning (TD), a prediction method Tunneled Direct Link Setup (TDLS) Two Dimensional Logarithmic Search (TDLS) Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet%20telephony	Packet telephony is the use of personal computers and a packet data network to produce a voice conversation. It consists of telephony and data tightly coupled on packet-based switched multimedia networks. The goal of packet switched fabric in both LAN and WAN, the vision in to drive voice and data over a single multimedia (packet based N/W) allowing waves to engage in a media rich communication in a natural and straightforward manner. The packet and based fabric is capable of supporting future applications such as video streaming and video conferencing. The transaction to a new paradigm will take years to complete. However technology matures and new application proliferate packet technology will appear in broader market. There is a major distinction between Intranet telephony and VoIP. References Telephony Packets (information technology)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph%20Johnson%20%28computer%20scientist%29	Ralph E. Johnson is a Research Associate Professor in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He is a co-author of the influential computer science textbook Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software, for which he won the 2010 ACM SIGSOFT Outstanding Research Award. In 2006 he was awarded the Dahl–Nygaard Prize for his contributions to the state of the art embodied in that book as well. Johnson was an early pioneer in the Smalltalk community and is a continued supporter of the language. He has held several executive roles at the ACM Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages and Applications conference OOPSLA. He initiated the popular OOPSLA Design Fest workshop. References External links Ralph Johnson's blog Ralph E. Johnson at UIUC Interview with Ralph Johnson from OOPSLA 2009, discussing Parallel Programming Patterns Presentation on a Pattern Language for Parallel Programming from QCon London 2010 American computer scientists Living people Scientists from Illinois University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign faculty Dahl–Nygaard Prize Year of birth missing (living people)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space%20Rangers%20%28video%20game%29	Space Rangers (Russian: Космические рейнджеры) is a multi-genre (turn-base strategy, text quest, arcade) computer game by the Russian company Elemental Games, released by 1C Company in 2002. It is critically acclaimed and popular in its home country, Finland and parts of Eastern Europe, although not so popular elsewhere due to lack of marketing. In 2004, 1C Company published a sequel, Space Rangers 2: Dominators. The game is dynamic and open-ended in a fashion that has been compared to Elite and Star Control 2. Trade prices on planets follow supply and demand, the wars are ongoing non-scripted conflicts, computer-controlled ships have individual capabilities, goals and relations, etc. There are even several ways to complete the storyline. The games have turn-based space travel and combat, optional shoot 'em up sequences and occasional bits of text adventure. This game was not released in America in its own box, but in some special edition containers of Space Rangers 2: Rise of the Dominators. Plot In Space Rangers, a relatively peaceful interstellar coalition is invaded by a powerful enemy; the organic warships of the Klissans. The player is a Ranger, one of a group of non-military volunteers who are given small ships, free rein and the task of helping to battle, understand and ultimately defeat the menace. Background Long ago, the now wise and peaceful Gaal race was very aggressive and was creating a huge number of colonies. Due to large space distances it created a hyperjumper which could make holes in the galaxy. Soon one of the colonies met with the Klissan fleet. Although Gaal colony ships tried to communicate with these Klissan ships they failed to do so and were destroyed. Soon Makhpella, the mothership of all Klissans and Klissan fleet, invaded all outer Gaal colonies. The Gaal colony fleet was completely helpless and in order to save the original Gaal territories and the Gaal motherland itself from invasion, they decided not to jump back which would have given the Makhpella an opportunity to trace their route, but to blow up the remaining other colonies using the hyperjumper instead. Not very long ago, everything was started by a Peleng captain called Rachekhan, one of the commanders of the Peleng fleet. He was thrown out of the fleet and became a pirate. Since he had access to secret documents and weaponry he stole a hyperjumper. While travelling with it he met Makhpella. It considered Rachekhan's pirate fleet an enemy and started chasing it. During this chase, Rachekhan and the Klissan fleets went through sectors colonized by the interstellar coalition which enabled Makhpella to spot the IC sectors, gaining knowledge of its locations, and identify all IC races as foes. So the war started. Races Space Rangers features 6 races in total: the Interstellar Coalition races and the Klissans. The Interstellar Coalition consists of 5 races: Maloqs, Pelengs, Humans, Faeyans and Gaals. The Klissans are the new and unresearched form of l
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alison%20Holloway	Alison Holloway (born 1961) is an English journalist and producer, now living in the United States. She was the original presenter of Sky Television's Sky World News Tonight and is now a network television entertainment show producer based in Los Angeles. Early career Born in London, Holloway began her television career at the age of 17 as a continuity announcer and newsreader at Westward Television. She then went to HTV West in Bristol, at first, joining the company as a reporter-presenter, then, anchoring HTV News. Holloway remained with the station through most of the 1980s, combining her news duties with presenting many other local programmes for HTV West, including the Good Neighbour Show and the networked Animal Express. She co-presented ITV's Olympic Games coverage in 1988, and moved to Sky at the launch of Sky News in 1989. She helped launch the Southeast edition of Meridian Tonight in 1993. She also hosted the current affairs show Newsline, as well as numerous news, game, and quiz shows, and was correspondent for the 1994 Whitbread Round the World Yacht Race and ITV's Rugby World Cup, and London-based correspondent for the American syndicated newsmagazines Hard Copy (Paramount Television) and A Current Affair (Fox). In 1994, she moved from Britain to America to anchor a news magazine, Premier Story and covered the O. J. Simpson murder case and trial. Remaining in Los Angeles, she later hosted programmes for Court TV, ABC, UPN, Showtime and other channels. Network producer As of August 2015, Holloway was co-executive producer of Little Big Shots, an NBC variety series produced by Warner Bros-Horizon. She was consulting producer on American Idol XV, and co-executive producer of two seasons of the Shine America reality competition series, Fake Off for truTV (2014-2015). Also in 2014, she was co-executive producer of the high-rating two-hour NBC television special, The Sing-Off Holiday Special. From 2007 to 2013, she was senior supervising producer of the NBC series, America's Got Talent. She has also worked as director or producer on many series and specials, including Fox's network primetime series The Swan and Kitchen Nightmares, Moochers on CBS, Court TV's documentary film, Death of a Beatle; Fox Television's Bizarre World specials; produced specials for Court TV and Animal Planet. In 2005, she was supervising producer and on-air talent for a short-lived revival of Twentieth Television's A Current Affair. In 2010, she was executive producer of the TLC series, Inedible to Incredible, starring chef John Besh. Personal life Holloway married comedian Jim Davidson in 1987, before divorcing him two years later. She married television and film producer Burt Kearns in 1996. They have two children. External links . Video: Alison Holloway in Wish You Were Here HTV Talent Show for Holloway References 1961 births Living people Television people from London American television personalities American women television personalities British
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP%20StorageWorks	The HPE Storage (formerly HP StorageWorks) is a portfolio of HPE storage products, includes online storage, nearline storage, storage networking, archiving, de-duplication, and storage software. HP and their predecessor, the Compaq Corporation, has developed some of industry-first storage technologies to simplify network storage. HP is a proponent of converged storage, a storage architecture that combines storage and compute into a single entity. 2011 products and solutions HP Storage solutions announced in August 2011: HPE 3PAR Utility Storage - shifts workloads, boost utilization by logically pooling capacity P10000, Peer Motion Software - refreshes/maintains storage, seeking zero application downtime and expanded its Converged Storage portfolio with the first federated storage capability to span from entry to high end systems and is available for both HP LeftHand and HP 3PAR storage systems. With HP Peer Motion , IT organizations can eliminate boundaries between systems with storage federation. For information on HP 3PAR Utility Storage, go to https://www.hpe.com/us/en/storage/3par.html Other StorageWorks items: HP X9000 IBRIX Storage System - Simplify the storage and archival of massive content pools. HP P6000 Enterprise Virtual Array (EVA) - 5th generation EVA to squeeze the most out of infrastructure HP X5000 G2 Network Storage System - Consolidate servers and increase data availability. Disk arrays HPE 3PAR StoreServ Storage Array (8000, 9000, 20000) HPE XP7 Disk Array HPE Nimble Storage (All-Flash Arrays, Adaptive Flash Arrays, HPE Cloud Volumes) HPE MSA Storage (SAN Storage Solution) HPE StoreEasy Storage (File storage appliances based on Microsoft Windows Storage Server) HPE StoreOnce (Data Protection Backup Appliances) Tape libraries HP Storage ESL G3 Tape Libraries HP Storage MSL Tape Libraries HP StorageWorks 1/8 G2 Tape Autoloader HP Storage 12000 Virtual Library System EVA Gateway HP Storage 9000 Virtual Library System HP StoreOnce D2D Backup System (various models) HP StoreOnce B6000 Backup System Storage networking Many models have been rebadged from Brocade Communications Systems, Cisco, Emulex, and QLogic. Storage software HP StoreOnce Deduplication HP Storage Essentials HP StorageWorks Storage Mirroring PolyServe PolyServe was founded in 2004 by Michael Callahan, serving as chief technology officer, and Carter George, serving as Vice-President, as "a software company in Portland, specializing in database and file serving." HP, when it bought Compaq, acquired its StorageWorks; HP, when it bought PolyServe, placed its 100+ employees within StorageWorks. An example of PolyServe's value is that a large British government agency which had 14 idle backup servers dropped the number to two, even though "PolyServe doesn't require the passive nodes, but he maintains them as extra protection" and reduced "failover time from five minutes to 30 seconds .. by 90% the number of users who lose connections du
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reticular%20connective%20tissue	Reticular connective tissue is a type of connective tissue with a network of reticular fibers, made of type III collagen (reticulum = net or network). Reticular fibers are not unique to reticular connective tissue, but only in this type they are dominant. Reticular fibers are synthesized by special fibroblasts called reticular cells. The fibers are thin branching structures. Location Reticular connective tissue is found around the kidney, liver, the spleen, and lymph nodes, Peyer' patches as well as in bone marrow. Function The fibers form a soft skeleton (stroma) to support the lymphoid organs (lymph node stromal cells, red bone marrow, and spleen). Adipose tissue is held together by reticular fibers. Staining They can be identified in histology by staining with a heavy metal like silver or the PAS stain that stains carbohydrates. Gordon and Gold can also be used. Appearance Reticular connective tissue resembles areolar connective tissue, but the only fibers in its matrix are reticular fibers, which form a delicate network along which fibroblasts called reticular cells lie scattered. Although reticular fibers are widely distributed in the body, reticular tissue is limited to certain sites. It forms a labyrinth-like stroma (literally, "bed or "mattress"), or internal framework, that can support many free blood cells (largely lymphocytes) in lymph nodes, the spleen, and red bone marrow. Classification There are more than 20 types of reticular fibers. In Reticular Connective Tissue type III collagen/reticular fiber (100-150 nm in diameter) is the major fiber component. It forms the architectural framework of liver, adipose tissue, bone marrow, spleen and basement membrane, to name a few. See also Deiters cells Reticular membrane of the inner ear References Notes External links - "Connective tissue, reticular (LM, Medium)" Histology at uwa.edu.au Connective tissue de:Bindegewebe#Retikuläres Bindegewebe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof%20complexity	In logic and theoretical computer science, and specifically proof theory and computational complexity theory, proof complexity is the field aiming to understand and analyse the computational resources that are required to prove or refute statements. Research in proof complexity is predominantly concerned with proving proof-length lower and upper bounds in various propositional proof systems. For example, among the major challenges of proof complexity is showing that the Frege system, the usual propositional calculus, does not admit polynomial-size proofs of all tautologies. Here the size of the proof is simply the number of symbols in it, and a proof is said to be of polynomial size if it is polynomial in the size of the tautology it proves. Systematic study of proof complexity began with the work of Stephen Cook and Robert Reckhow (1979) who provided the basic definition of a propositional proof system from the perspective of computational complexity. Specifically Cook and Reckhow observed that proving proof size lower bounds on stronger and stronger propositional proof systems can be viewed as a step towards separating NP from coNP (and thus P from NP), since the existence of a propositional proof system that admits polynomial size proofs for all tautologies is equivalent to NP=coNP. Contemporary proof complexity research draws ideas and methods from many areas in computational complexity, algorithms and mathematics. Since many important algorithms and algorithmic techniques can be cast as proof search algorithms for certain proof systems, proving lower bounds on proof sizes in these systems implies run-time lower bounds on the corresponding algorithms. This connects proof complexity to more applied areas such as SAT solving. Mathematical logic can also serve as a framework to study propositional proof sizes. First-order theories and, in particular, weak fragments of Peano arithmetic, which come under the name of bounded arithmetic, serve as uniform versions of propositional proof systems and provide further background for interpreting short propositional proofs in terms of various levels of feasible reasoning. Proof systems A propositional proof system is given as a proof-verification algorithm P(A,x) with two inputs. If P accepts the pair (A,x) we say that x is a P-proof of A. P is required to run in polynomial time, and moreover, it must hold that A has a P-proof if and only if A is a tautology. Examples of propositional proof systems include sequent calculus, resolution, cutting planes and Frege systems. Strong mathematical theories such as ZFC induce propositional proof systems as well: a proof of a tautology in a propositional interpretation of ZFC is a ZFC-proof of a formalized statement ' is a tautology'. Proofs of polynomial size and the NP versus coNP problem Proof complexity measures the efficiency of the proof system usually in terms of the minimal size of proofs possible in the system for a given tautology. The size of a
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Kunhardt	Peter W. Kunhardt is an American documentary film-maker who produces shows for HBO, PBS, and other U.S. television networks. He started Kunhardt Films (previously Kunhardt Productions, Inc.) which produced HBO's "JFK: In His Own Words," HBO's "Bobby: In His Own Words," ABC's "Lincoln", Discovery's "P.T. Barnum" Discovery's "Justice Files" and many more. He works with his two sons Teddy and George in Pleasantville, New York. Work Since becoming "Kunhardt Films", Kunhardt has produced Jim: The James Foley Story (HBO), Living With Lincoln (HBO), Nixon By Nixon: In His Own Words for (HBO), Makers: Women Who Make America Seasons 1 & 2 for AOL and PBS, The African Americans: Many Rivers To Cross, the HBO documentary Gloria: In Her Own Words, PBS's 10 part series Finding Your Roots with Henry Louis Gates, Jr Seasons 1 & 2, the HBO documentary "Teddy: In His Own Words", PBS's "African American Lives I & II", and PBS's "Faces of America". In 2009, Kunhardt produced "This Emotional Life" for WGBH which explores aspects of human emotions such as depression and anxiety. Kunhardt founded Kunhardt Productions with his father, Philip Kunhardt, Jr., and his brother, Philip Kunhardt, III, in 1987. Before founding Kunhardt Productions, Kunhardt worked for 10 years at ABC News. He is the winner of four national television Emmy Awards, one of which was for "JFK: In His Own Words" (1988). He is co-author of the book Lincoln: An Illustrated Biography (1992) and served as producer and director of the ABC mini-series "Lincoln". He has also co-authored "Looking for Lincoln" (2009) which is also a PBS documentary and "Lincoln Life Size" (2009) He co-produced a ten-hour series for PBS, The American President (1999). In 2003 he served as an executive producer for In Memoriam, a one-hour co-production with HBO and Brad Grey Television recounting how Mayor Rudolph Giuliani and his staff coped with the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Personal life Kunhardt lives in Chappaqua, New York with his wife, Suzy. He has four children, Peter, Abby, Teddy and George. He is the grandson of children's book author Dorothy Kunhardt, best known for her 1940 creation Pat the Bunny. Kunhardt attended Groton School and graduated from Middlebury College. See also Assassination of Abraham Lincoln Dorothy Meserve Kunhardt - Grandmother and creator of Pat the Bunny References External links American documentary film directors Groton School alumni Living people Year of birth missing (living people) People from Chappaqua, New York
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Fincham	Peter Arthur Fincham (born 26 July 1956) is a British television producer and executive. From 2008 until 2016, he was the Director of Television for the ITV network. He was also formerly the Controller of BBC One, the primary television channel of the British Broadcasting Corporation, until his resignation on 5 October 2007, following criticism over the handling of the A Year with the Queen debacle. Early life Fincham was educated at the independent Tonbridge School, and then studied at Churchill College, Cambridge. He joined the Cambridge Footlights production team as musical director, alongside a committee which included Griff Rhys Jones, Jimmy Mulville, Rory McGrath and Clive Anderson. After leaving Footlights, Fincham composed songs, none of which were picked up for recording, and then worked on the touring version of Godspell. During a period of increasingly common unemployment, Fincham was walking on Wandsworth Common in the rain and thinking to himself: "Oh my God. What have I done? I have made the wrong decision?" Fincham applied for a job at the BBC in 1984, a position as a researcher on The Late, Late Breakfast Show after his friend Helen Fielding left to concentrate on her writing career. However, he was unsuccessful in this application. Career TalkBack (1985–2005) In 1985 he joined the staff of the independent production company TalkBack Productions as a producer. At the time the company, which was founded by comedians Mel Smith and Griff Rhys Jones, produced radio programming, television advertisements and corporate videos. Fincham became the company's managing director in 1986, and in 1989 oversaw the move of TalkBack into fully-fledged television production when it produced its founders' sketch show Smith and Jones for BBC One. TalkBack became particularly well known for its comedy output, which included such shows as The Day Today (BBC Two, 1994), Knowing Me Knowing You with Alan Partridge (BBC Two, 1994), They Think It’s All Over (BBC One, 1995–2006), Never Mind the Buzzcocks (BBC Two, 1996–2015), I'm Alan Partridge (BBC Two, 1997 and 2002), Smack the Pony (Channel 4, 1999–2003) and Da Ali G Show (Channel 4, 2000). Fincham served as executive producer on many of these programmes. He also helped to establish TalkBack as a noted producer in other genres, with the company moving into drama with Stephen Poliakoff's Shooting the Past (BBC Two) in 1999. In 2001, Fincham was given an Indie Award for outstanding contribution to the independent production sector. Also that year, TalkBack was sold to FremantleMedia in a £62 million deal, which made Fincham personally a multi-millionaire. Fremantle merged TalkBack with another of its acquisitions, Thames Television, to form the new Talkback Thames production company, of which Fincham became the Chief Executive in February 2003. He remained in this position until he left at the beginning of 2005, after twenty years at TalkBack and its successor company, claiming he wanted "a new challe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple%2080-Column%20Text%20Card	The Apple 80-Column Text Card is an expansion card for the Apple IIe computer to give it the option of displaying 80 columns of text instead of 40 columns. Two models were available; the cheaper 80-column card has just enough extra RAM to double the video memory capacity, and the Extended 80-Column Text Card has an additional 64 kilobytes of RAM, bringing the computer's total RAM to 128 KB. VisiCalc and Disk II made the Apple II very popular in small businesses, which asked the company for 80-column support, but Apple delayed improving the Apple II because for three years it expected that the unsuccessful Apple III would be the company's business computer. The 80-column cards were the alternative. The cards go in the IIe's Auxiliary Slot, which exists in addition to the seven standard Apple II peripheral slots present on all expandable Apple II series machines. Although in a separate slot, the card is closely associated with slot #3 of the seven standard slots, using some of the hardware and firmware functions that would have otherwise been allocated to slot 3, because third-party 80-column cards such as the Sup'R'Terminal had traditionally been placed in slot 3 on the earlier Apple II and Apple II Plus machines. Therefore the user can enter 80-column mode by issuing the command PR#3 or IN#3 in the BASIC prompt. The "extended" version of the card features a jumper block (J1) that when installed enables the double high-resolution capability. Since early "Revision A" Apple IIe motherboards are incapable of supporting the bank switching needed for the enhanced graphics mode, the block needs to be removed to disable the feature. As with many Apple II products, third party cards were also produced that perform a similar function, and some types of 80-column cards were available for the older Apple II models, which do not have a dedicated slot for this card. Soon after the release of the Apple IIe, 80-column text support became a basic requirement of many software packages. Later, 128 KB (and therefore the Extended card) became a minimum requirement for major programs. All versions of the extremely popular AppleWorks require 128 KB of memory. In the later years of the Apple IIe, the Extended 80-column card was standard on all new machines. The Apple IIc and Apple IIGS, both released after the Apple IIe, also came standard with at least 128 KB of RAM, the extra 64 KB of which can be accessed in the same manner as an Extended 80-column card. See also The M&R Enterprises Sup'R'Terminal — the first 80-Column Text Card for the Apple II Videx — manufacturer of the VideoTERM, an 80-Column Text Card for the Apple II References 80-Column Text Card Memory expansion Graphics cards
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sideshow%20Bob%20Roberts	"Sideshow Bob Roberts" is the fifth episode of the sixth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on October 9, 1994. Kelsey Grammer returns in his fourth major appearance as Sideshow Bob, who, in this episode, wins the Springfield mayoral election through electoral fraud to get revenge on Bart. The episode received a favorable reception in the media, including a positive mention in I Can't Believe It's a Bigger and Better Updated Unofficial Simpsons Guide and Green Bay Press-Gazette. A review in Press & Sun-Bulletin placed the episode as the seventh best of the series. The episode was written by Bill Oakley and Josh Weinstein, and directed by Mark Kirkland. Oakley and Weinstein drew inspiration for the episode from the Watergate scandal, and included many cultural references to political films, as well as real-life events. These included the film All the President's Men and the first televised debate between Richard Nixon and John F. Kennedy during the 1960 United States presidential election. Plot Sideshow Bob calls local right-wing talk show host Birch Barlow and complains about being unfairly imprisoned for attempted murder. Barlow incites Springfield's residents to pressure Mayor Quimby into releasing Sideshow Bob. After his release, Bob becomes the Republican candidate for the Springfield mayoral election. Bart and Lisa attempt to prevent Bob's election by aiding Quimby's campaign. However, after Quimby falls ill after a meet-and-greet with senior citizens and takes 'extra drowsy' cold and flu medicine, he loses a mayoral debate and Bob wins in a landslide. Abusing his office, Bob proceeds to make the Simpsons' lives miserable, demoting Bart to kindergarten and threatening to demolish their house to build a new expressway. Bart and Lisa suspect the election was rigged but are unable to find any proof. Waylon Smithers, who worked for Sideshow Bob's campaign but fears Bob's ultraconservative views conflict with Smithers' "choice of lifestyle", tells them to find a voter named Edgar Neubauer. Having not found it in the library or the telephone directory, Bart finds the name on a tombstone at the cemetery. When he and Lisa check other names on voting rolls, they notice that most voters for Bob are long dead, including celebrities such as The Big Bopper and pet animals such as Lisa's beloved cat Snowball. Sideshow Bob is put on trial for electoral fraud. He is tricked into confessing and providing incriminating evidence when Bart and Lisa insinuate that Barlow committed the crime as Bob lacks the intelligence to plan it. Bob is found guilty, stripped of his position and sent to a minimum-security prison. With all of his mayoral decisions nullified and reversed, the Simpsons' house is saved, the expressway is put on hold, Bart returns to his proper grade, and Quimby reclaims his job as Springfield's rightful mayor. Production Although the episode primarily mo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Bard%27s%20Tale%20Construction%20Set	The Bard's Tale Construction Set is a computer game creation system that allows for the creation of dungeon crawl video games based on the Bard's Tale game engine. It was developed by Interplay Productions in 1991 and distributed by Electronic Arts. It was released for the Amiga and MS-DOS. Unlike other similar engines, it was not required to own The Bard's Tale Construction Set in order to play games which were created with it, while also allowing designers to add in their own custom title screen. This made it possible for anyone to share and distribute their own constructed games using the system, and a number of freeware and shareware titles were developed using the system and released. Sample scenario Included with the software was a sample scenario for the purpose of playing and learning from, entitled Star Light Festival. Set in the small rundown village of Isil Thania, a band of adventurers has traveled from afar to witness the annual Star Light Festival in which an eerie light comes down from a star for one night only making the night into day. While awaiting the Festival at the Rainbow Bar, a small twisted man leads the characters into the sewers (which feature the same maps found in the original Bard's Tale game), and from there the characters engages upon a quest that takes them from one location in the city to the next, eventually to find the secret truths behind the Star Cult and the town of Isil Thania. Created games Various companies created commercial games using the program. The Bard's Quest was a three-part game series created by Alex Ghadaksaz of VisionSoft (PC, 1994) Flying Buffalo Inc. offered a game called The Buftale based on the company's offices and employees. Reception Computer Gaming Worlds Scorpia criticized the small number of graphics and damage spells, but still recommended the program to those interested in designing their own computer role-playing games. The game was reviewed in 1992 in Dragon No. 183 by Hartley, Patricia, and Kirk Lesser in "The Role of Computers" column. The reviewers gave the game 5 out of 5 stars. Reviews Amiga World (July, 1993) Amiga Joker (February, 1993) Amiga Action (March, 1993) CU Amiga (March, 1993) Amiga Format (April, 1993) Amiga Power (March, 1993) Amiga Magazine (July, 1993) Developers Feargus Urquhart served as a play tester for The Bard's Tale Construction Set, and went on to found the game companies Black Isle Studios and Obsidian Entertainment. References External links The Bard's Tale Compendium Bt Builder - an attempt to create an open source implementation of The Bard's Tale Construction Set. 1991 video games Amiga games DOS games Electronic Arts games First-person party-based dungeon crawler video games Role-playing video games Video game development software Video games scored by Charles Deenen
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MLT	MLT may refer to: People MLT (hacktivist) Computing and technology Mean Length Turn in wound electrical components Mechanized loop testing, in the Loop maintenance operations system Media Lovin' Toolkit, TV software Metropolis light transport, a computational algorithm Modulated lapped transform in mathematics Multi-level transmit as in MLT-3 encoding Multi-link trunking in networking Transportation Malton railway station, England, station code Millinocket Municipal Airport, IATA code Other uses Master of Laws in Taxation, a college degree Medical laboratory technician, US MALT1 or MLT, a protein Milton Corporation, Australia, trading code Mobile Language Team, University of Adelaide Modern Literal Taiwanese, an orthography Mountlake Terrace, a suburb of Seattle, Washington
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OMN	OMN or omn may refer to: Oman, ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 country code Oromia Media Network, an Oromo news channel headquartered in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States OMN, the FAA LID code for Ormond Beach Municipal Airport, Florida, United States OMN, the IATA code for Osmanabad Airport, Maharashtra, India omn, the ISO 639-3 code for Minoan language, Crete
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SDN	SDN can stand for: S4C Digital Networks, UK TV company SAP Developer Network Sandane Airport, Anda, Norway Scottish Daily News, a newspaper published in 1975 Scottish Digital Network, proposed in 2011 SDN List, Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List Sebacoyldinalbuphine Sexually dimorphic nucleus, a cluster of cells in the brain Sholavandan railway station, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India, station code Société des Nations, French for League of Nations Software-defined networking, an approach to computer networking Specially Designated Nationals with whom US persons may not do business St Denys railway station, station code Student Doctor Network in North America Sydenham railway station, Sydney, station code Sudan, ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 code
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoomed%20video%20port	In computing, a zoomed video port (often simply ZV port) is a unidirectional video bus allowing a device in a PC card slot to transfer video data directly into a VGA frame buffer, so as to allow laptops to display real-time video. The standard was created by the PCMCIA to allow devices such as TV tuners, video inputs and MPEG coprocessors to fit into a PC card form factor and provide a cheap solution for both the laptop manufacturer and consumer. The ZV port is a direct connection between the PC card slot and VGA controller. Video data is transferred in real time without any buffering, removing the need for bus mastering or arbitration. The ZV port was invented as an alternative to such methods as the VAFC (VESA Advanced Feature connector). References Definition and technical detail from winbookcorp.com The Zoomed Video (ZV) Port for PC Cards (PCMCIA dissolved in 2009; Internet Archive of site is circa 2008.) Computing input devices Computer buses
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In%20Search%20of%20Santa	In Search of Santa is a 2004 computer-animated Christmas adventure film starring Hilary Duff and her older sister Haylie Duff in their first voice roles. It was directed by William R. Kowalchuk and released on August 25, 2004, in Australia and on November 23, 2004, in the United States. The movie is produced using Alias Maya 3D software. Synopsis King Calvin and Queen Penelope have their eggs laid and as their daughters hatch, the parents name them Crystal and Lucinda. As the sisters grow, despite their differences, they compromise and head to the North Pole to find Santa Claus. They want to save Christmas, which Crystal believes in earlier and all along. After saving a seal in the middle of their quest, both sisters meet the pirates: Capn' Cragg (a walrus), Bugkus Bill (a stork) and a pelican. Cast Hilary Duff as Princess Crystal Haylie Duff as Princess Lucinda Jason Michas as Eugene/Gardener Elf Kathleen Barr as Lady Agonysia/Mrs. Clause/Queen Penelope/Katie/Marcus/Mimi Scott McNeil as Mortmottimes/Bugkus Bill/Timebomb Tom Garry Chalk as Derridommis/Capn' Cragg French Tickner as Santa Claus Dale Wilson as King Calvin Nicole Bouma as Baby Crystal/Wing Maiden #1 & #5/Additional Voices Tabitha St. Germain as Baby Lucinda/Additional Voices Lee Tockar as Max/Phillip/Pup Cathy Weseluck as William/Wing Maiden #4 & #6 Richard Newman as Narrator Reception The film received generally negative reviews, with viewers heavily criticizing its poor CGI animation quality and weak script. UltimateDisney wrote "the film has not succeeded in challenging, engaging, or even entertaining but it is colorful and somewhat lively" and that "the makers of In Search of Santa hope that the appeal of computer animation, Christmas, and the Duff sisters will encourage people to check their movie out." See also List of animated feature films List of computer-animated films List of children's films List of Christmas films Santa Claus in film References External links Colorland Animation Canadian direct-to-video films 2004 computer-animated films 2004 direct-to-video films 2000s American animated films 2000s Christmas films 2000s fantasy adventure films American Christmas films American computer-animated films Direct-to-video animated films American direct-to-video films Canadian animated feature films Animated films about penguins Miramax animated films Pirate films Santa Claus in film American children's animated adventure films Buena Vista Home Entertainment direct-to-video films American children's animated fantasy films American fantasy adventure films Canadian Christmas films Canadian fantasy adventure films Films about princesses Animated films set in the Arctic Animated films set in Antarctica Animated films set on islands Paramount Pictures direct-to-video films Animated films about mammals 2000s children's animated films 2000s children's fantasy films Films about pinnipeds 2000s English-language films Paramount Pictures animated films 2000s Canadian films
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foodfight%21	Foodfight! is a 2012 American computer-animated adventure comedy film produced by Threshold Entertainment and directed by Lawrence Kasanoff (in his feature directorial debut). The film features the voices of Charlie Sheen, Wayne Brady, Hilary Duff, Eva Longoria, Larry Miller, and Christopher Lloyd. Foodfight! takes place in the "Marketropolis" supermarket, which, after closing time, transforms into a city where all the citizens are "Ikes", personified well-known marketing icons. The story follows a cereal brand mascot, Dex Dogtective, who, along with his best friend, Daredevil Dan, bands together a group of "Ikes" in Marketropolis to fight against the forces of the evil Brand X, who threaten to take over the entire supermarket. After raising tens of millions of dollars in funding, Foodfight! had a troubled and much-delayed production. The film was originally scheduled for a Christmas 2003 theatrical release; however, this failed to materialize, and later planned release dates in 2005 and 2007 were also missed. By September 2011, after the producers defaulted on a loan, creditors auctioned off the film's assets and all associated rights to Lionsgate. In 2012, the film had a low-key release, being direct-to-video in most territories. Its critical reception has been overwhelmingly negative, with most criticism directed towards the animation, humor, story and excessive product placement. It has since been frequently discussed as one of the worst films of all time. Plot When night falls at the supermarket Marketropolis, the store products' mascots ("Ikes") come to life and interact with each other. Heroic cereal mascot Dex Dogtective is about to propose to his girlfriend Sunshine Goodness, a raisin mascot, but she goes missing just before he is able to do so. Six months later, a Brand X representative named Mr. Clipboard arrives at Marketropolis and aggressively pushes Brand X's range of generic products to Leonard, the store's manager. In the world of the Ikes, the arrival of Lady X, the seductive Brand X detergent Ike, causes a commotion at Dex's club, the Copabanana. Brand X products begin to replace previous products, which is mirrored in the Ikes' world with the deaths of several Ikes. After Dex's friend Daredevil Dan, a chocolate squirrel, disappears, Dex begins to investigate. After rebuffing Lady X's attempts to bring him to Brand X's side, Dex is locked in a dryer with Dan to be melted, but the two manage to escape. Dan and Dex find out that Brand X contains an addictive and toxic secret ingredient. Dex and Dan attempt to initiate a product recall with Leonard's computer, but a Brand X Ike cuts power just as they send the message. Dex then rallies the citizens of Marketropolis to fight the armies of Brand X in a massive food fight. The citizens win the battle by using the supermarket's electricity. Dex rescues Sunshine, who had been held hostage in the Brand X tower, and escapes with the help of Dan. Mr. Clipboard then enters the Ikes'
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero%20spacing%20flux	In interferometry, the zero spacing flux is the integrated flux density of the sources in the field of view. See also CLEAN (algorithm) External links The problem of short spacings An important subset: The zero spacing Zero-spacing Problem Interferometry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South%20Coast%20Highway	South Coast Highway is a Western Australian highway. It is a part of the Highway 1 network. With a length of , it runs from Esperance to Walpole roughly in parallel to Western Australia's south coast. Even then the journey is pretty much inland. Approximately from Ravensthorpe lies the Fitzgerald River National Park with beaches, coastal and mountain walking trails and wildflowers. There are three more national parks with abundant wildlife along the journey to Walpole. Albany is a former whaling town and is rich in history. Beyond Walpole, Highway 1 continues as South Western Highway to Perth. Beyond Esperance, Highway 1 continues as Coolgardie–Esperance Highway to Norseman. Towns The highway passes through the following towns from East to West: Esperance Ravensthorpe Boxwood Hill Manypeaks Albany Denmark Walpole See also Highways in Australia List of highways in Western Australia References External links Highways in rural Western Australia South coast of Western Australia Highway 1 (Australia)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tier%202%20network	A Tier 2 network is an Internet service provider which engages in the practice of peering with other networks, but which also purchases IP transit to reach some portion of the Internet. Tier 2 providers are the most common Internet service providers, as it is much easier to purchase transit from a Tier 1 network than to peer with them and attempt to become a Tier 1 carrier. The term Tier 3 is sometimes also used to describe networks who solely purchase IP transit from other networks to reach the Internet. List of large or important Tier 2 networks See also Peering point Network access point References Internet architecture
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guideline%20execution%20engine	A guideline execution engine is a computer program which can interpret a clinical guideline represented in a computerized format and perform actions towards the user of an electronic medical record. A guideline execution engine needs to communicate with a host clinical information system. Virtual Medical Record (vMR) is one possible interface which can be used. The engine's main function is to manage instances of executed guidelines of individual patients. Architecture The following modules are generally needed for any engine: interface to clinical information system new guidelines loading module guideline interpreter module clinical events parser alert/recommendations dispatch Guideline Interchange Format The Guideline Interchange Format (GLIF) is a computer representation format for clinical guidelines. Represented guidelines can be executed using a guideline execution engine. The format has several versions as it has been improved. In 2003 GLIF3 was introduced. Use of third party workflow engine as a guideline execution engine Some commercial electronic health record systems use a workflow engine to execute clinical guidelines. RetroGuide and HealthFlow are examples of such an approach. See also Arden syntax Medical algorithm References Further reading (PDF) (PDF) Health informatics Knowledge representation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frak	Frak or FRAK may refer to: Frak (expletive), a profanity from Battlestar Galactica Frak or kapoteh, a coat worn by some Jewish Orthodox men instead of a bekishe Frak!, a 1984 computer game Vladimír Frák, Czech skier See also Frac (disambiguation) Frack (disambiguation) Frakk, a fictional Hungarian cartoon character Phrack, an ezine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel%20Borenstein	Nathaniel S. Borenstein (born September 23, 1957) is an American computer scientist. He is one of the original designers of the MIME protocol for formatting multimedia Internet electronic mail and sent the first e-mail attachment. Biography Borenstein received a B.A. in mathematics and religious studies from Grinnell College in 1980, and a Ph.D. in computer science from Carnegie Mellon University in 1985. Previously he attended Ohio State University (1974–75), Deep Springs College, California (1975–76), and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (1978–79). While at CMU, he co-developed the email component of the Andrew Project. The Andrew Message System was the first multi-media electronic mail system to become used outside of a laboratory. In 1989 he became a member of technical staff at Bellcore (Bell Communications Research). There he developed a series of standards so the various electronic mail systems could exchange multimedia messages in a common way. He is responsible for sending the first MIME email attachment on March 11, 1992. Borenstein was founder of First Virtual Holdings in 1994, called "the first cyberbank" by the Smithsonian Institution, and NetPOS.com in 2000. He worked at IBM as distinguished engineer starting in 2002 at Cambridge, Massachusetts. He then became chief scientist at email management company Mimecast in June 2010. He is author of Programming As If People Mattered: Friendly Programs, Software Engineering, and Other Noble Delusions (Princeton University Press, 1994) . He received the New York University Olive Branch Award for writing about peace in 1990, for an essay about his brief experience as a NATO consultant. His mentors include his doctoral advisor and the director of the Andrew project, Jim Morris, and Einar Stefferud, who initiated the MIME and First Virtual work. Personal life Borenstein lives with his wife, Trina, in Ann Arbor and Greenbush, Michigan; they have four grown daughters, and five grandchildren. He has been a vegetarian since 1972. He is a pacifist, named his web server and wireless network "ahimsa", and has worked for a mix of pacifist, leftist, and libertarian causes. He was a child prodigy and had finished most of his high school curriculum by the end of third grade, before being restricted to studies at his own grade level beginning in fourth grade. In 1973, with the help of the ACLU, he became the first US student ever to be awarded money damages from his principal and school board, in Bexley, Ohio, for violating his freedom of speech by sending him home for wearing a black armband on the second anniversary, in 1972, of the Kent State shootings. He has three brothers, Eliot Borenstein, a Guggenheim Fellowship winner and professor at NYU; Seth Borenstein, Associated Press Senior Science Reporter; and Joe Borenstein, a contractor and investor. Authored Requests For Comments (RFCs) – MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) – Implications of MIME for Internet Mail Gate
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard%20Apple%20Numerics%20Environment	Standard Apple Numerics Environment (SANE) was Apple Computer's software implementation of IEEE 754 floating-point arithmetic. It was available for the 6502-based Apple II and Apple III models and came standard with the 65816 based Apple IIGS and 680x0 based Macintosh and Lisa models. Later Macintosh models had hardware floating point arithmetic via 68040 microprocessors or 68881 floating point coprocessors, but still included SANE for compatibility with existing software. SANE was replaced by Floating Point C Extensions access to hardware floating point arithmetic in the early 1990s as Apple switched from 680x0 to PowerPC microprocessors. External links Inside Macintosh: PowerPC Numerics AppleLisa - SANE Disassembly References Apple II software Apple Inc. software Classic Mac OS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans%20Riesel	Hans Ivar Riesel (May 28, 1929 in Stockholm – December 21, 2014) was a Swedish mathematician who discovered the 18th known Mersenne prime in 1957, using the computer BESK: this prime is 23217-1 and consists of 969 digits. He held the record for the largest known prime from 1957 to 1961, when Alexander Hurwitz discovered a larger one. Riesel also discovered the Riesel numbers as well as developing the Lucas–Lehmer–Riesel test. After having worked at the Swedish Board for Computing Machinery, he was awarded his Ph.D. from Stockholm University in 1969 for his thesis Contributions to numerical number theory, and in the same year joined the Royal Institute of Technology as a senior lecturer and associate professor. Selected publications See also Riesel number Riesel Sieve References External links Riesel's web page Obituary 1929 births 2014 deaths Number theorists Academic staff of the KTH Royal Institute of Technology Swedish mathematicians
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania%20Cable%20Network	PCN (the Pennsylvania Cable Network) is a private, non-profit cable television network dedicated to 24-hour coverage of government and public affairs in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Built on the C-SPAN model, it features live coverage of both Houses of the Pennsylvania General Assembly, as well as other forms of informational and educational programming. It is available on every cable system in the state, and is also available on line through the PCN Select subscription service. History The non-profit Pennsylvania Educational Communications System (PECS) was founded on August 29, 1979 by George Barco, who became the first president, his daughter Yolanda Barco and Joseph Gans. It was funded by eleven Pennsylvania cable television companies, and provided a network for distributing Educational-access television programming from Pennsylvania State University and headquartered in University Park, Pennsylvania. The network was officially launched in September of that year as Pennarama. Penn State had already launched Pennarama on a experimental basis in 1976 on a single cable system in Scranton. Both credit and non-credit courses were offered. The courses were available to all cable subscribers, but to get credit for the course, students needed to pay tuition that was offered at a reduced rate. The network was originally transmitted through a 796- mile microwave network. George Barco died in 1989 and Yolanda Barco became president in 1990. She renamed it the Pennsylvania Cable Network (PCN) and began to reposition it as the state's "educational, public affairs and cultural cable TV network." In 1992, PCN began moving away from a strictly educational format, with its coverage of Governor Bob Casey's "Capitol for a Day" town hall meetings. In November 1993, PCN began to air public affairs programming four nights a week, eventually expanding to 7 nights a week by April 1995. In June 1994, the network began to be distributed via satellite, allowing it to expand its reach to the entire state. PCN ended its relationship with Penn State on September 1, 1996 and assumed full responsibility for the network's operations and programming. The headquarters were also moved to Camp Hill, Pennsylvania. Around this time, PCN also began broadcasting programming from Deutsche Welle during the overnight hours. Its funding comes from the cable companies that carry PCN, and it receives neither commonwealth nor federal funds. Coverage In addition to the Camp Hill headquarters (located near Harrisburg, the commonwealth capital), PCN also has bureaus in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh. The majority of PCN's programming is live, unedited coverage of both houses of the General Assembly, press conferences, and meetings of various political and business organizations. PCN also features tours of Pennsylvania manufacturing plants, coverage of the annual State Farm Show, walking tours of Gettysburg Battlefield, and Call-in Programs with the state's political figures. "PA Books
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed%20Roberts%20%28computer%20engineer%29	Henry Edward Roberts (September 13, 1941 – April 1, 2010) was an American engineer, entrepreneur and medical doctor who invented the first commercially successful personal computer in 1974. He is most often known as "the father of the personal computer." He founded Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS) in 1970 to sell electronics kits to model rocketry hobbyists, but the first successful product was an electronic calculator kit that was featured on the cover of the November 1971 issue of Popular Electronics. The calculators were very successful and sales topped one million dollars in 1973. A brutal calculator price war left the company deeply in debt by 1974. Roberts then developed the Altair 8800 personal computer that used the new Intel 8080 microprocessor. This was featured on the cover of the January 1975 issue of Popular Electronics, and hobbyists flooded MITS with orders for this $397 computer kit. Bill Gates and Paul Allen joined MITS to develop software and Altair BASIC was Microsoft's first product. Roberts sold MITS in 1977 and retired to Georgia where he farmed, studied medicine and eventually became a small-town doctor living in Cochran, Georgia. Early life Roberts was born on September 13, 1941, in Miami, Florida, to Henry Melvin Roberts, an appliance repairman, and Edna Wilcher Roberts, a registered nurse. His younger sister Cheryl was born in 1947. During World War II, while his father was in the Army, Roberts and his mother lived on the Wilcher family farm in Wheeler County, Georgia. After the war, the family returned to Miami, but Roberts would spend his summers with his grandparents in rural Georgia. Roberts' father had an appliance repair business in Miami. Roberts became interested in electronics and built a small relay-based computer while in high school. Medicine was his true passion, however, and he entered University of Miami with the intention of becoming a doctor, the first in his family to attend college. There he met a neurosurgeon who shared his interest in electronics. The doctor suggested that Roberts get an engineering degree before applying to medical school, and Roberts changed his major to electrical engineering. Roberts married Joan Clark while at the university, and when she became pregnant Roberts knew that he would have to drop out of school to support his new family. The U.S. Air Force had a program that would pay for college, and in May 1962 he enlisted with the hope of finishing his degree through the Airman Education & Commissioning Program. After basic training, Roberts attended the Cryptographic Equipment Maintenance School at Lackland Air Force Base in San Antonio, Texas. Because of his electrical engineering studies at college, Roberts was made an instructor at the Cryptographic School when he finished the course. To augment his meager enlisted man's pay, Roberts worked on several off-duty projects and even set up a one-man company, Reliance Engineering. The most notable job was t
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova%20Social	Nova Social is an electronic pop duo from New York and New Jersey. They have released two EPs and two full-length albums, and also recorded the theme song to Cartoon Network's Calling Cat-22. Band member David Nagler has arranged and produced tracks for Chicago singer/songwriter Chris Mills, provided choral arrangements for The Mekons' Jon Langford and the Burlington Welsh Male Chorus, and plays guitar and piano in John Wesley Harding & The English UK. Band member Thom Soriano has recorded electronic compositions and remixed tracks for artists (including They Might Be Giants and Dan Bryk) as The Kendal Mintcake. Band members David Nagler - vocals, instruments, programming Thom Soriano - instruments, programming, sampling Discography Nova Social (EP) (Big Sleep Records, 2009) Other Words From Tomorrow's Dictionary (Big Sleep Records, 2007) High School Reunion (compilation) (American Laundromat Records, 2005) There Is No Hidden Meaning (compilation) (Kabukikore Records, 2004) The Jefferson Fracture (Big Sleep Records, 2002) Don't Settle for Walking (EP as Stretch) (Big Sleep Records, 1998) External links Official Website [ All Music Guide Entry] Last.fm Entry Indie rock musical groups from New York (state) Musical groups from New York City Musical groups from New Jersey
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epson%20PX-8%20Geneva	The Epson PX-8 a.k.a. Geneva was a small laptop computer made by the Epson Corporation in the mid-1980s. It had a Z80 compatible microprocessor, and ran a customized version of the CP/M-80 operating system as well as various applications from a pair of ROM sockets which were treated as drives. For file storage, it had a built-in microcassette drive. The microcassette drive is integrated into CP/M as a disk drive, default designation H:. The PX-8 did not have an internal disk drive, and instead allowed either memory to be partitioned into application memory and a RAM disk, or an external 60 KB or 120 KB intelligent RAM disk module to be attached (64K and 128K internally but some used for the processor). The intelligent RAM disk module had its own Z80 processor with a backup battery. The PX-8 had an 80 column by 8 line LCD display, which was monochromatic and non-backlit. It used an internal nickel-cadmium battery, and had a battery life in the range of 6–8 hours when using word-processing software. An additional battery provided backup for the internal RAM. There were a number of proprietary accessories available including a portable printer, bar code reader, and an early 3.5-inch diskette drive, the PF-10. The disk drives from the HX-20 could also be used. For the ROM cartridge slots a number of applications were available: Basic, CP/M utilities, Portable WordStar, CalcStar, Scheduler, dBase II and Portable Cardbox-Plus. The PX-8 was not initially a commercial success, especially compared against the TRS-80 Model 100 portable computer but achieved some increased success after a large number were sold discounted in the United States through the DAK Catalog. The PX-8 combined some of the features from its predecessors, the HX-20 being portable, battery operated and the QX-10 being CP/M compatible. In 1985, Epson introduced the PX-4, combining features from both the PX-8 and the HX-20. Reception BYTE in February 1985 called the PX-8 "a good second computer, especially for people with CP/M systems" or WordStar users. The magazine approved of its documentation and tape storage, and described the display as "acceptable" but less legible than the Model 100's. BYTE concluded that "after the disappointment of the Epson HX-20, the Geneva PX-8 represents a giant improvement. It is, at this time, the most powerful 8-bit portable available". References External links ByteCellar's 1984 PX-8 magazine review scans Epson PX-8 used as Mac OS X dumb terminal PX-8 info, documentation and software USA patent on the PX-8 Official Epson PX-8 Brochure PX-8 Geneva
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenith%20Data%20Systems	Zenith Data Systems Corporation (ZDS), was an American computer systems manufacturing company active from 1979 to 1996. It was originally a division of the Zenith Radio Company (later Zenith Electronics), after they had purchased the Heath Company and, by extension, their Heathkit line of electronic kits and kit microcomputers, from Schlumberger in October 1979. ZDS originally operated from Heath's own headquarters in St. Joseph, Michigan. By the time Zenith acquired Heathkit, their H8 kit computer already had an installed fanbase of scientific engineers and computing enthusiasts. ZDS' first offerings were merely preassembled versions of existing Heathkit computers, but within a few years, the company began selling bespoke systems, including the Z-100, which was a hybrid Z80- and 8088-based computer capable of running both CP/M and MS-DOS. ZDS avoided the retail consumer market, instead focusing on business and government customers, such as companies, universities, and government agencies. By the late 1980s, the company had won several lucrative government contracts worth several hundreds of millions of dollars combined, including a US$242-million contract with the United States Department of Defense—the largest such computer-related government contract up to that date. In 1986, the company made headlines when it beat out IBM for a contract with the Internal Revenue Service to supply a portable computer. ZDS' SupersPort laptop was released in 1988 to high demand, and it soon cornered roughly a quarter of the entire American laptop market that year. The company reached a peak in terms of revenue in 1988, generating US$1.4 billion that year. The following year saw ZDS floundering in multiple ways, including a cancelled contract with the Navy and a botched bid to increase its consumer desktop sales. In late 1989, ZDS was purchased by Groupe Bull of France for between $511 million and $635 million. Following the acquisition, ZDS moved from Michigan to Buffalo Grove, Illinois. In 1991, Enrico Pesatori took over ZDS and attempted to repair their relations with dealers while diversifying their product lineup and modes of sales. ZDS made a slow recovery into the early 1990s, helped along by a lucrative contract with the Pentagon in 1993. Pesatori was replaced that year with Jacques Noels of Nokia, who further diversified the company's lineup. ZDS' revenue steadily grew in both their North American and European markets in the beginning of 1994. The company was acquired by Packard Bell in February 1996, in a three-way deal which saw Groupe Bull and Japanese electronics conglomerate NEC increasing their existing stakes in Packard Bell. Later, NEC announced that they would acquire Packard Bell, merging it with NEC's global personal computer operations. ZDS continued as a brand of computer systems under the resulting merger, Packard Bell NEC, from 1996 until 1999, when Packard Bell NEC announced that they would withdraw from the American computer market. H
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ONC	ONC may refer to: Places Old North Church, Boston, US Old North Church (Sierra Madre, California), US Science and technology Ocean Networks Canada, a University of Victoria initiative Octanitrocubane, an explosive Oncidium (Onc.), an orchid genus Open Network Computing, a remote procedure call system Operational Navigation Chart, the basis of the Digital Chart of the World Ordinary National Certificate Orthopaedic Nurse Certified Organizations Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology Oficiul Naţional Cinematografic, an agency in Romanian cinema Olivet Nazarene College or Olivet Nazarene University
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OND	OND may refer to: Oblates of Notre Dame, a congregation of religious sisters originating in Mindanao, Philippines Önd, an Old Norse term used to denote the mystical Odic force One Note Database, an IBM Lotus Notes file Opera Nazionale Dopolavoro, the leisure and recreational body of the Fascist Italy government Ordinary National Diploma, former designation of BTEC Extended Diploma, a vocational qualification in the United Kingdom Operation New Dawn (disambiguation), the operative name for the Iraq War after August 2010, or one of several other military operations
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray%20Warren	Raymond Warren (born 11 June 1943) is a retired Australian sports commentator, known for his coverage of televised professional rugby league matches on the Nine Network. He is known as the "Voice of Rugby League", and called 99 State of Origin games as well as 45 NRL Grand Finals. Warren also used to call Australian swimming team events and the FINA World Championships until Nine lost the rights to these events in 2008 and in 2012 participated in Nine's coverage of the London Olympics. Career Born in Junee, New South Wales on 11 June 1943, Warren initially followed in the footsteps of his brother by joining the police force. He initially joined the NSW Police Cadets on 5 December 1960 and then transferred to the ACT Police in Canberra in 1964. Warren served a total of three years in the ACT Police. It was during his stint in uniform he got a phone call as a result of all the door-knocking he had done at various radio stations as a teenager. Warren took the job offered to him at 2LF Young, New South Wales as a sales representative, trotting commentator and rugby league commentator, which started his career in broadcasting. He began commentating on television through the Amco Cup on Channel Ten with Keith Barnes in 1974. In 1980, Ten approached Warren to call the Melbourne Cup, the first of three Cups he called for the network. He also became Network Ten's chief Rugby League caller in 1983. In 1984 he was to head up Ten's commentary for the Los Angeles Olympics but refused to take the mission. As a nervous flyer, Warren had grave reservations about the trans-Pacific haul and suddenly realised he could not get onto the plane. In 1986, Warren was fired by the network, primarily because it wanted to replace him as its chief rugby league commentator with former international player Rex Mossop. Over the next six years, Warren also called horse races. In 1988 he was recruited by the Nine Network to commentate on the 1988 Rugby League World Cup final and the 1989 state of origin series alongside Darrell Eastlake, Michael Cronin, Jack Gibson,and Balmain Tigers coach Warren Ryan, 1989 Trans-Tasman test series alongside Darrell Eastlake again and Jack Gibson and to be part of its team to broadcast swimming at the 1990 Commonwealth Games with Norman May. The television rights for rugby league were bought by Nine for the 1991 State of Origin Series, 1992 season and onwards and he has been calling the game for them ever since. Warren has gradually overcome his fear of flying, though he does still have some fear as evidenced by a well publicised helicopter flight to a game on the Gold Coast in 2012 made necessary due to a delayed flight from Sydney to the Gold Coast. Overcoming his fear has seen him travel to New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Hong Kong, Japan and Canada for the network's swimming or rugby league coverage. Ray Warren is known for his passionate commentary (often getting into good-natured arguments with fellow commentator Phil Gould about a
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Springfield%20Files	"The Springfield Files" is the tenth episode of the eighth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on January 12, 1997. In the episode, Homer believes he has discovered an alien in Springfield. It was written by Reid Harrison and directed by Steven Dean Moore. Leonard Nimoy guest stars as himself and David Duchovny and Gillian Anderson guest star as agents Fox Mulder and Dana Scully, their respective characters on The X-Files. The episode serves as a crossover with The X-Files and features numerous references to the series. The story came from former showrunners Al Jean and Mike Reiss, who returned to produce this episode while under contract with The Walt Disney Company. It received positive reviews from critics; Jean and Reiss won an Annie Award for producing it. Plot In a framing story, Leonard Nimoy is hosting a program about alien encounters, and begins the episode by talking about an "encounter" that occurred in Springfield. Homer tells Lenny and Carl that they should sneak out of work early and start drinking beer. Homer puts in an old tape of them working into the security camera. That night at Moe's, after drinking over 10 beers, a drunken Homer is forced to walk home after taking a breathalyzer test, but takes a wrong path and ends up in the woods. In a clearing, he encounters a glowing, thin-boned alien. Although the alien tells him, "Don't be afraid," Homer panics and runs home screaming. The rest of the family do not believe Homer's story, and his attempts to report the alien sighting to the police are dismissed by Chief Wiggum. Agents Fox Mulder and Dana Scully of the FBI hear of the sighting and go to investigate. After receiving no results from their psychological tests of him, Homer fails to provide any proof that he actually saw an alien. Homer is ridiculed by most of the neighborhood; even Marge refuses to believe in his claims, but Bart admits that he believes Homer. The next Friday night, the pair camp out in the forest. The alien arrives and promises peace, but Homer scares it away when he accidentally steps on their campfire and screams in pain. Bart captures the entire incident on tape. Nimoy bids the audience goodnight. He is then reminded that the show still has ten minutes left by an off-screen Squeaky-Voiced Teen, at which point he runs to his car and leaves. The Squeaky-Voiced Teen takes over narrating duties. Following the successful capture of the alien's existence, Homer and Bart present it to the media. Everyone in town finally believes Homer, even knocking on his door and asking Homer questions. During a church lecture, Reverend Lovejoy gets emotional talking about the character E.T. Meanwhile, Lisa maintains that there must be a logical explanation for the alien. Friday comes again and everyone (including Nimoy) goes to the forest. The alien appears, promising love, but the townspeople begin to riot, and charge at the alien.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flemish%20Diamond	The Flemish Diamond () is the Flemish reference to a network of four metropolitan areas in Belgium, three of which are in the central provinces of Flanders, together with the Brussels Capital Region. It consists of four agglomerations which form the four corners of an abstract diamond shape: Brussels, Ghent, Antwerp and Leuven. Over 5 million people live in this area, with a population density of about 820 per km2. History The Flemish Diamond is a regional government concept not officially recognized by the Belgian central authority, the Federal government, which recognizes no poly-centric conurbation in Belgium that crosses regional borders and includes Brussels as part of it. The other major Belgian metropolitan areas that are in relative proximity to the national capital (that lie within a radius of approximately around Brussels) are the exclusive competence of the regional authorities. These autonomous authorities may choose to include or exclude Brussels in their own volition. And as such, the autonomous Flemish government developed the geographic and socio-economic concept of Vlaamse Ruit or "Flemish Diamond" in the 1990s. The Francophone counterpart is the Triangle Wallonie ("Walloon Triangle"), consisting of Brussels and three Walloon metropolitan areas, namely Mons, Charleroi, and Namur. Dynamics The distance from Antwerp to Brussels is approximately . The city of Mechelen is in the middle, and towards Brussels the industrial area of Vilvoorde. With the Port of Antwerp stretching to the north, this has long been recognized as a major north–south urban and industrial axis. The western triangular area of the larger cities of Antwerp-Brussels-Ghent comprises the cities of Lokeren located west of Sint-Niklaas, Dendermonde north of Aalst as well as the industrial area Boom – Willebroek, and is generally slightly less urbanized. Such may also be true for the smaller eastern Antwerp – Brussels – Leuven triangle, comprising the city of Lier. The name refers to the geometrical shape of a diamond, corresponding to the location of the four cities and surrounding metro areas, which are among the most urbanized and industrialized – and prosperous — in Belgium. It has strong economical ties with the metropolitan regions of the Randstad in the Netherlands, and Rhine-Ruhr in Germany. It also links its peripheral area for more than a hundred kilometers, exceeding Flanders, to the international and global economy. The economic activities in the relatively larger metropolitan areas are distinct, with an emphasis on industry in Antwerp, mainly because of its major port, versus on administration for Brussels, as Belgian capital and its function for the European Community. Though the centrally located city in both the Diamond and its major north–south industrial axis has two industrial zones within the municipal boundaries, Mechelen is also seen as a commuter town for its many commuters to those cities. Apart from Hasselt University in Limburg, all th
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial%20Areas%20Foundation	The Industrial Areas Foundation (IAF) is a national community organizing network established in 1940 by Saul Alinsky, Roman Catholic Bishop Bernard James Sheil and businessman and founder of the Chicago Sun-Times Marshall Field III. The IAF partners with religious congregations and civic organizations at the local level to help them build organizations of organizations, referred to as broad-based organizations by the Industrial Areas Foundation, with the purpose of strengthening citizen leadership, developing trust across a community's dividing lines and taking action on issues identified by local community leaders. The Industrial Areas Foundation consists of 65 affiliates in the US, Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany and Australia, with the US projects organized into two regions, West / Southwest IAF and Metro IAF. IAF provides training, consultation and organizers for its affiliated organizations. The Industrial Areas Foundation does not provide direct services, but through its organizing has created notable entities for workforce development (Project QUEST, Capital IDEA, Project IOWA, VIDA, ARRIBA, NOVA, Skills Quest, Capital IDEA - Houston, AZ Career Pathways and JobPath), healthcare (Common Ground Healthcare), and housing development for working- and middle-class families (Nehemiah Project in East Brooklyn and The Road Home Program in New Orleans). In 1994, the IAF organization in Baltimore designed and passed the first living wage bill in the US, and since then IAF organizations across the country have won changes including municipal living wage policies for public sector workers and living wage requirements for tax abatements or economic incentives, that have raised the wages of millions of workers. History Under Alinsky Alinsky's first organizing project was organizing the Back of the Yards Neighborhood Council, founded in 1939 as the Packinghouse Workers, the union of Chicago's meatpacking industry. Based on his work with Back of the Yards, Alinsky laid out his vision for "People's Organizations" in his book Reveille for Radicals, in 1946. After World War II, Alinsky met Fred Ross in California, and in 1949 he agreed to back his plan to organize the Community Service Organization in Mexican-American communities. Ross introduced house meetings as an organizing technique and built a network of 30 CSOs in California with energetic young organizers Cesar Chávez and Dolores Huerta. In Chicago, Alinsky developed a team of organizers including journalist Nicholas von Hoffman, ex-seminarian Edward T. Chambers, and Tom Gaudette, who developed such groups as the Organization for the Southwest Community (1959–1972), The Woodlawn Organization (1961–present), and the Northwest Community Organization (1962–present). The Woodlawn Organization (TWO) received national attention through Charles Silberman's best-selling Crisis in Black and White in 1964, which traced the roots of oppression and violence in northern inner-city areas. In his conclu
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanford%20Wong	John Ferguson (born 1943), known by his pen name, Stanford Wong, is a gambling author best known for his book Professional Blackjack, first published in 1975. Wong's computer program "Blackjack Analyzer", initially created for personal use, was one of the first pieces of commercially available blackjack odds analyzing software. Wong has appeared on TV multiple times as a blackjack tournament contestant or as a gambling expert. He owns a publishing house, Pi Yee Press, which has published books by other gambling authors including King Yao. Blackjack Wong began playing blackjack in 1964 while teaching finance courses at San Francisco State University and getting his Ph.D. in finance from Stanford University in California. Not content with the teaching life, Wong agreed to be paid a salary of $1 for his last term of teaching at the school in order to not attend faculty meetings and to pursue his gambling career. The term "wong" (v.) or "wonging" has come to mean a specific advantage technique in blackjack, which Wong made popular in the 1980s. It involves watching the play of cards in a game without actually wagering your own money, until the count becomes advantageous, and then stepping in and playing only while the count remains in the player's favor, and then stepping out again. "Wonging" is the reason that some casinos have signs on some blackjack tables saying, "No Mid-Shoe Entry", meaning that a new player must wait until exactly the first hand after a shuffle to begin playing. He has reviewed or acted as a consultant for blackjack writers and researchers, including Don Schlesinger and Ian Andersen. Wong is known to have been the principal operator of a team of advantage players that targeted casino tournaments including Blackjack, Craps and Video Poker in and around Las Vegas. At the beginning of the team's operation Wong was the primary financier providing the travelling expenses and buy in stakes for the other players. The current owner of the Las Vegas Advisor Anthony Curtis was among the members of this team. Wong is a member of the Blackjack Hall of Fame. Current Blackjack News In 1979, Wong began publishing monthly newsletters on the subject of blackjack. These grew into one of the major journals for professional blackjack players, Wong's Current Blackjack News, ranking with Arnold Snyder's Blackjack Forum. As of 2007, Wong's newsletter is published via Wong's official website. The journal contains information about rules and conditions of blackjack games in casinos in the United States and some other countries. Website Stanford Wong's BJ21 has been online since 1997. It contains a free area and a restricted, subscribers-only area, called Green Chip. Every month, one message from the restricted area is selected by Wong as Post of the Month and its author wins a prize of $100. The record holder for most Post of the Month awards won is the blackjack expert known as MathProf, with a total of 16 wins. Craps Wong wrote Wong o
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WLYN	WLYN is a brokered time ethnic radio station in the Boston market. The station is licensed to Lynn, Massachusetts, and is owned by Multicultural Broadcasting. Its programming is broadcast on 1360 kHz on the AM band. WLYN had broadcast in AM Stereo until the end of 2006. WLYN first signed on the air on December 11, 1947 as a daytime-only station. It operated at 500 watts, and the transmitter was located near the Fox Hill Bridge ("Lynn's New Radio" 15). The opening was covered by the city's two local newspapers, the Lynn Daily Evening Item and the Lynn Telegram-News. The new station's president was A. (Avigdor) M. "Vic" Morgan, a veteran broadcaster who had been involved with mechanical television in TV's formative years; he had been the general manager of the Shortwave & Television Company in Boston in the early 1930s.. Among the air-staff were greater Boston radio veterans like Ned French and Raymond Knight. In charge of women's programming as well as public affairs and educational programs was Dorothy Rich; Mrs. Rich was also the radio director at Endicott Junior College in Beverly, Massachusetts ("Station WLYN," 21). The station was sold on March 3, 1950 to Brookline, Massachusetts businessman Theodore "Ted" Feinstein. (Feinstein also would own other smaller market stations, including WNBP in Newburyport and WTSA in Brattleboro, Vermont.) For many years, WLYN served the North Shore with local programming, local news, local high school sports, and talk shows that focused on local issues. WLYN played mainly popular music, and in the 1950s and 1960s, it continued to employ well-known announcers who had worked at other greater Boston area stations. They included John "Jack" Chadderton, Hank Forbes, Chris Clausen, talk host Morgan Baker (formerly of WEEI in Boston) and Johnny Towne. Later, WLYN switched to nostalgia and big-band music, hiring well-known veteran broadcasters like Bill Marlowe (Buchanan, 1974, 8). For a brief period of time in the mid-1970s, the station also experimented with country music, but this was unsuccessful (McLaughlin, A6). In 1948, WLYN's president A.M. Morgan also put an FM station on the air; WLYN-FM used the 101.7 frequency (Broadcasting Yearbook, 161). For many years, it simulcast WLYN during the day and had its own programming after the AM signed off at sunset. In the early 1970s, responding to an influx of Spanish-speaking immigrants, both WLYN and WLYN-FM began offering an hour of programming in Spanish each Sunday. By the mid-1970s, WLYN-FM had begun broadcasting Greek and Italian ethnic programming in the midday and late evening hours, with drive times still simulcast with the AM. In 1981, WLYN-FM began broadcasting a nighttime block of "new wave" rock music which eventually became a 24/7 modern rock format in 1982 when the midday ethnic programs were moved to the AM side. In February 1983, WLYN-FM was sold to Stephen Mindich, owner of the Boston Phoenix, and in early April it was on the air under new
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20universities%20in%20the%20United%20Kingdom%20by%20enrolment	This article comprises two lists of institutions in the United Kingdom ranked by the number of students enrolled in higher education courses. The first list, based on data from the academic year 2019/20, breaks down student enrollment by level of study, while the second list, from the more recent academic year 2021/22, provides a total student enrollment figure without distinguishing between undergraduate and postgraduate levels. The statistics in both lists are confined to students studying within the United Kingdom and exclude those engaged in distance-learning or transnational education programs conducted overseas. For reference, in the 2018/19 academic year, the Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA) recorded 666,815 overseas students, with the majority (260,155) enrolled at Oxford Brookes University, primarily studying Association of Chartered Certified Accountants courses. Other universities with significant numbers of overseas students in 2018/19 included the University of London Worldwide (40,675), the Open University (29,610), Coventry (16,785), Nottingham (15,740), Liverpool (14,730), Heriot-Watt (11,955), Staffordshire (11,900), and Middlesex (11,890). Universities and other higher education providers by size and level of study (2019/20) The source for the figures is the Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA) statistics for . The student numbers include full-time and part-time, and are broken down into undergraduate and postgraduate students. Some institutes enrol students in both higher education and further education courses, so student numbers may be higher for such institutes. Numbers are of actual enrollments, not FTEs. The data show that 2.28 million people were enrolled in higher education at the higher education providers reporting statistics to HESA. Universities and other higher education providers by size (2021/22) The data source for these statistics is also the Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA) for the academic year 2021/22. The student figures encompass both full-time and part-time students, without distinction between undergraduate and postgraduate levels of study. Some institutions enroll students in both higher education and further education programs, potentially leading to higher student numbers in such cases. It's important to note that these statistics reflect actual student enrollments and not full-time equivalent (FTE) counts. According to the latest available data from HESA, a total of 2.86 million individuals were enrolled in higher education at the various institutions reporting data to HESA for the academic year 2021/22. See also Armorial of UK universities List of largest universities by enrollment List of universities in the United Kingdom List of UK universities by date of foundation List of UK universities by endowment Notes References Higher education data Enrollment Statistics of education
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod%20Canion	Joseph Rodney "Rod" Canion (born January 19, 1945) is an American computer scientist and businessman who co-founded Compaq Computer Corporation in 1982 and served as its first President and CEO. Biography A native of Houston, Canion graduated from the University of Houston in 1966 and 1968 with bachelor's and master's degrees in electrical engineering with an emphasis on computer science. Before co-founding Compaq in 1982, Canion, Jim Harris and Bill Murto had been senior managers at Texas Instruments. Compaq The three co-founders received backing from venture capitalist Benjamin M. Rosen, who became chairman of the board of Compaq. During Canion's tenure as Compaq's CEO, the company set records for the highest first-year sales in the history of American business and reached the Fortune 500 and $1 billion in revenue faster than any other company. The soft-spoken Canion was popular with employees and the culture that he built helped Compaq to attract the best talent. Instead of headquartering the company in a downtown Houston skyscraper, Canion chose a West Coast-style campus surrounded by forests, where every employee had similar offices and no-one (not even the CEO) had a reserved parking spot. At semi-annual meetings, turnout was high as any employee could ask questions to senior managers. Canion was shy, and took lessons to polish his speaking style at Rosen's request. In 1991, after Compaq suffered their first loss as a company, Canion was dismissed by Rosen and succeeded as CEO by Eckhard Pfeiffer, then-COO and former president of Compaq International. Rosen initiated a 14-hour board meeting, and the directors also interviewed Pfeiffer for several hours without informing Canion. At the conclusion, the board was unanimous in picking Pfeiffer over Canion. As Canion was popular with company workers, 150 employees staged an impromptu protest with signs stating "We love you, Rod." and taking out a newspaper ad saying "Rod, you are the wind beneath our wings. We love you." Canion declined an offer to remain on Compaq's board and was bitter about his ouster as he didn't speak to Rosen for years, although their relationship became cordial again. In 1999, Canion admitted that his ouster was justified, saying "I was burned out. I needed to leave. He [Rosen] felt I didn't have a strong sense of urgency". Two weeks after Canion's ouster, five other senior executives resigned, including remaining company founder James Harris as SVP of Engineering. These departures were motivated by an enhanced severance or early retirement, as well as an imminent demotion as their functions were to be shifted to vice presidents. After leaving Compaq In 1992, Canion founded Insource Technology Group with Jim Harris and Ronald L. Fischer and served as its chairman until September 2006. In 1999, he led the initial investment round for Questia Media, Inc., which provided an online research library until its closure in 2020. Canion became chairman of the board and la
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compaq%20Portable%20II	The Compaq Portable II is the fourth product in the Compaq Portable series to be brought out by Compaq Computer Corporation. Released in 1986 at a price of US$3499, the Portable II much improved upon its predecessor, the Compaq 286, which had been Compaq's version of the PC AT in the original Compaq Portable chassis; Portable 286 came equipped with 6/8-MHz 286 and a high-speed 20-MB hard drive, while the Portable II included an 8 MHz processor, and was lighter and smaller than the previous Compaq Portables. There were four models of the Compaq Portable II. The basic Model 1 shipped one 5.25" floppy drive and 256 KB of RAM. The Model 2 added a second 5.25" floppy drive and sold for $3599. The Model 3 shipped with a 10MB hard disk in addition to one 5.25" floppy drive and 640 KB of RAM for $4799 at launch. The Model 4 would upgrade the Model 3 with a 20MB hard drive and sold for $4999. There also may have been a 4.1 MB hard drive included at one point. The Compaq Portable II was significantly lighter than its predecessors, the Model 1 weighed just 23.6 pounds compared to the 30.5 pounds the Compaq Portable 286 weighed. Compaq only shipped the system with a small demo disk, MS-DOS 3.1 had to be purchased separately. There are at least two reported cases of improperly serviced computers exploding when the non-rechargeable lithium battery on the motherboard was connected to the power supply. There were no recorded injuries. The Compaq Portable II was succeeded by the Compaq Portable III in 1987. Hardware The Compaq Portable II had room for additional after market upgrades. Compaq manufactured four memory expansion boards, 512 KB and 2048 KB ISA memory cards and 512 KB and 1536 KB memory boards that attached to the back of the motherboard. With 640 KB installed on the motherboard and both the ISA card and the expansion board, the computer could be upgraded with up to a maximum of 4.2MB of RAM. The motherboard also had space for an optional 80287 math coprocessor. There were two revisions of the motherboard, they were functionally identical although the earlier version was larger. The motherboard had four ISA slots for expansion cards, two 8-bit and two 16-bit. However, the first 16-bit ISA slot was occupied by a Multi I/O board with serial, parallel, PATA and Floppy interfaces, and the second 8-bit ISA slot was used by the CGA graphics card, leaving two available slots. The keyboard is hardwired in, but it uses standard PS/2 signaling, so a DIN or PS/2 socket can be retrofitted to allow use of common PS/2 keyboards (but not USB ones). References External links oldcomputers.net - Compaq II Portable computer 2 Computer-related introductions in 1986
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan%20Shewchuk	Jonathan Richard Shewchuk is a Professor in Computer Science at the University of California, Berkeley. He obtained his B.S. in Physics and Computing Science from Simon Fraser University in 1990, and his M.S. and Ph.D. in Computer Science from Carnegie Mellon University, the latter in 1997. He conducts research in scientific computing, computational geometry (especially mesh generation, numerical robustness, and surface reconstruction), numerical methods, and physically based animation. He is also the author of Three Sins of Authors In Computer Science And Math. In 2003 he was awarded J. H. Wilkinson Prize for Numerical Software for writing the Triangle software package which computes high-quality unstructured triangular meshes. He appears in online course videos of CS 61B: Data Structures class in University of California, Berkeley. References External links Homepage at Berkeley Homepage at CMU Tetrahedral Meshes with Good Dihedral Angles video of presentation at North Carolina State University in 2007 Researchers in geometric algorithms UC Berkeley College of Engineering faculty Simon Fraser University alumni Carnegie Mellon University alumni Living people People from Cranbrook, British Columbia Year of birth missing (living people)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second%20Thoughts%20%28TV%20series%29	Second Thoughts is a British comedy television programme that ran from 3 May 1991 to 14 October 1994. It was broadcast on the ITV network and made by the ITV company LWT. It was followed by a sequel, Faith in the Future. Second Thoughts followed the lives of two middle-aged divorcees, Bill MacGregor and Faith Greyshott, from very different backgrounds trying to develop a relationship, despite the pressures pulling it apart (namely Faith's two teenage children and Bill's devious ex-wife Liza, who works alongside him). Second Thoughts was based upon the real-life relationship of the writers, husband and wife Jan Etherington and Gavin Petrie. It originally aired as a radio series on BBC Radio 4 broadcast between 1 November 1988 and 23 July 1992. The radio series consisted of four series and a Christmas special broadcast in 1992 with a total of 31 episodes. The radio scripts were used for the television series on ITV. The fifth series was the only series not to be based on the original radio scripts. During the recording of an episode of series four, Lynda Bellingham was surprised by the This Is Your Life host Michael Aspel on set as she was to be the star of an episode of This is Your Life. Her co-star James Bolam was in on the surprise, and Lynda appeared truly shocked when Michael Aspel appeared on the set to present her with the big red book and to tell her "this is your life!" to the thundering applause of the studio audience. Second Thoughts ended on 14 October 1994, but has since been repeated on Forces TV. The original radio series was often replayed on BBC7, and continues to be repeated on BBC7's rebranded replacement, BBC Radio 4 Extra. Characters Bill MacGregor (James Bolam) – An art editor of a style magazine where he works alongside his bitchy ex-wife Liza. Faith Greyshott (Lynda Bellingham) – Faith is a freelance illustrator who occasionally does work for the style magazine Bill works for.She has two teenagers from her previous marriage, Hannah and Joe. The children and the dog often come before Bill. Liza MacGregor (sometimes known as Liza Ferrari) (Belinda Lang) – Bill's glamorous ex-wife, Liza is a histrionic woman with expensive tastes. Liza works for the same magazine as Bill and is constantly interfering with Bill and Faith's relationship. Hannah Greyshott (Julia Sawalha) – Faith's teenage daughter and eldest child. Joe Greyshott (Mark Denham) – Faith's teenage son. Joe is obsessed with football and only shows interest in girls when they like football. Hilary (Louisa Rix in series 1; Paddy Navin in series 2 and 3) – Faith's best friend who is unlucky in love. Richard (Geoffrey Whitehead) – Bill's boss at the magazine. Richard is married to Marjorie, but has an affair with Liza. Marjorie (Georgina Melville) Callum (Ian Henderson) – Bill's cousin. Defor the Dog (Levi) Episode guide Series overview Series 1 (1991) Series 2 (1992) Series 3 (1992–1993) Series 4 (1993) Series 5 (1994) Radio series Second Thoughts original
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%20%28video%20game%29	Z is a 1996 real-time strategy computer game by The Bitmap Brothers. It is about two armies of robots (red and blue) battling to conquer different planets. A sequel, Z: Steel Soldiers, was published in 2001. Plot The game opens with Commander Zod shooting the Bitmap Brothers Logo off the screen. Meanwhile, a Supply Ship is adrift in space. Its occupants, two robots named Brad and Allan, wake up to the radio buzzer. The two find two new messages from Commander Zod. The first shows Zod telling about his delivery, one hour overdue; the second shows him threatening to "kick their red butts" if he finds out about them slacking off. Allan and Brad just resume their mission. The two constantly steer the ship in a bunch of twists and turns (one sends them knocking the game's title into the opening credits, which are just visible in space), and finally arriving at their first destination. Their mission sends them across twenty levels on five planets, fighting enemy soldiers. Only when the five planets are conquered will the party begin. After the final level, Zod gets a promotion to Supreme Space Colonel. Zod and the other soldiers celebrate by drinking many cans of rocket fuel, and by the next morning, so many discarded cans litter the ground that Brad and Allan are sick. Zod gets into the Supply Ship with Brad and Allan and decides to show them how to fly the spacecraft. Zod uses the ship to pull acrobatic stunts in space, leaving Brad thrilled. When Allan pulls another can of rocket fuel from the box, he notices a "do not shake" warning on its side. He shakes it up and tosses it to Zod. When Zod opens the can, an explosion blows the ship apart. Brad and Allan are hurled off, and Zod's hat can be seen floating in deep space. Gameplay Unlike traditional real-time strategy (RTS) games, collecting resources or building specific structures is unnecessary for creating an army - the same principle that was introduced by Nether Earth, one of the RTS games ancestors. Regions and structures within their borders that actually manufacture the units are captured by moving troops to their respective flags. All that is needed to do is to hold acquired position for a certain amount of time while the unit is manufacturing. The more regions are under the player's control, the less the time required. More powerful units take more time to construct. The objective of the game is to eliminate the opponent by taking out their command Fort: either by sending a unit to enter it, or by destroying it directly. Alternatively, destroying all of the opponent's units immediately wins the game. At the start of every mission, each side is given control of their Fort and a small group of units. A host of unmanned turrets and vehicles are usually scattered about the map and sending a robot to these will allow the player to add them to their army. However, the assigned robot will remain in the captured vehicle or turret as a pilot or a gunner although he may be removed from t
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO/IEC%2010967	ISO/IEC 10967, Language independent arithmetic (LIA), is a series of standards on computer arithmetic. It is compatible with ISO/IEC/IEEE 60559:2011, more known as IEEE 754-2008, and much of the specifications are for IEEE 754 special values (though such values are not required by LIA itself, unless the parameter iec559 is true). It was developed by the working group ISO/IEC JTC1/SC22/WG11, which was disbanded in 2011. LIA consists of three parts: Part 1: Integer and floating point arithmetic, second edition published 2012. Part 2: Elementary numerical functions, first edition published 2001. Part 3: Complex integer and floating point arithmetic and complex elementary numerical functions, first edition published 2006. Parts Part 1 Part 1 deals with the basic integer and floating point datatypes (for multiple radices, including 2 and 10), but unlike IEEE 754-2008 not the representation of the values. Part 1 also deals with basic arithmetic, including comparisons, on values of such datatypes. The parameter iec559 is expected to be true for most implementations of LIA-1. Part 1 was revised, to the second edition, to become more in line with the specifications in parts 2 and 3. Part 2 Part 2 deals with some additional "basic" operations on integer and floating point datatype values, but focuses primarily on specifying requirements on numerical versions of elementary functions. Much of the specifications in LIA-2 are inspired by the specifications in Ada for elementary functions. Part 3 Part 3 generalizes parts 1 and 2 to deal with imaginary and complex datatypes and arithmetic and elementary functions on such values. Much of the specifications in LIA-3 are inspired by the specifications for imaginary and complex datatypes and operations in C, Ada and Common Lisp. Bindings Each of the parts provide suggested bindings for a number of programming languages. These are not part of the LIA standards, just suggestions, and are not complete. Authors of a programming language standard may wish to alter the suggestions before any incorporation in the programming language standard. The C99, C11 and C17 standards for C, and in 2013, the standards for C++ and Modula-2, have partial bindings to LIA-1. See also IEEE 754, Standard for Floating-Point Arithmetic ISO/IEC 11404, General purpose datatypes References External links ISO/IEC 10967-1:2012, complete text of Part 1: Integer and floating point arithmetic. ISO/IEC 10967-2:2001, complete text of Part 2: Elementary numerical functions. ISO/IEC 10967-3:2006, complete text of Part 3: Complex integer and floating point arithmetic and complex elementary numerical functions. Computer arithmetic 10967
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaghetti%20Bowl	Spaghetti bowl may refer to: Spaghetti Bowl (American football), a 1945 American football game in Italy Spaghetti bowl effect, an economic phenomenon Spaghetti junction, a network of highway interconnects (interchange ramps) that look like spaghetti in a bowl when viewed from overhead Spaghetti Bowl (Las Vegas), a freeway interchange near downtown Las Vegas, Nevada, United States Spaghetti Bowl (Salt Lake City), a freeway interchange on the southern edge of Salt Lake City, Utah, United States See also Spaghetti, a pasta dish sometimes served in a bowl
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICL%202900%20Series	The ICL 2900 Series was a range of mainframe computer systems announced by the British manufacturer ICL on 9 October 1974. The company had started development under the name "New Range" immediately on its formation in 1968. The range was not designed to be compatible with any previous machines produced by the company, nor for compatibility with any competitor's machines: rather, it was conceived as a synthetic option, combining the best ideas available from a variety of sources. In marketing terms, the 2900 Series was superseded by Series 39 in the mid-1980s; however, Series 39 was essentially a new set of machines implementing the 2900 Series architecture, as were subsequent ICL machines branded "Trimetra". Origins When ICL was formed in 1968 as a result of the merger of International Computers and Tabulators (ICT) with English Electric, Leo Marconi and Elliott Automation, the company considered several options for its future product line. These included enhancements to either ICT's 1900 Series or the English Electric System 4, and a development based on J. K. Iliffe's Basic Language Machine. The option finally selected was the so-called Synthetic Option: a new design conceptualized from scratch. As the name implies, the design was influenced by many sources, including earlier ICL machines. The design of Burroughs mainframes was influential, although ICL rejected the concept of optimising the design for one high-level language. The Multics system provided other ideas, notably in the area of protection. However, the biggest single outside influence was probably the MU5 machine developed at Manchester University. Architectural concepts The virtual machine The 2900 Series architecture uses the concept of a virtual machine as the set of resources available to a program. The concept of a virtual machine in the 2900 Series architecture differs from the term as used in other environments. Because each program runs in its own virtual machine, the concept may be likened to a process in other operating systems, while the 2900 Series process is more like a thread. The most obvious resource in a virtual machine is the virtual store (memory). Other resources include peripherals, files and network connections. In a virtual machine, code can run at up to sixteen different layers of protection, called access levels (or ACR levels, after the Access Control Register which controls the mechanism). The most privileged levels of operating system code (the kernel) operate in the same virtual machine as the user application, as do intermediate levels such as the subsystems to implement filestore access and networking. System calls thus involve a change of protection level, but not an expensive call to invoke code in a different virtual machine. Every code module executes at a particular access level, and can invoke the functions offered by lower-level (more privileged) code, but does not have direct access to memory or other resources at that level. The archi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base36	Base36 is a binary-to-text encoding scheme that represents binary data in an ASCII string format by translating it into a radix-36 representation. The choice of 36 is convenient in that the digits can be represented using the Arabic numerals 0–9 and the Latin letters A–Z (the ISO basic Latin alphabet). Each base36 digit needs less than 6 bits of information to be represented. Conversion Signed 32- and 64-bit integers will only hold at most 6 or 13 base-36 digits, respectively (that many base-36 digits can overflow the 32- and 64-bit integers). For example, the 64-bit signed integer maximum value of "9223372036854775807" is "" in base-36. Similarly, the 32-bit signed integer maximum value of "2147483647" is "" in base-36. Standard implementations The C standard library since C89 supports base36 numbers via the strtol and strtoul functions In the Common Lisp standard (ANSI INCITS 226-1994), functions like parse-integer support a radix of 2 to 36. Java SE supports conversion from/to String to different bases from 2 up to 36. For example, and Just like Java, JavaScript also supports conversion from/to String to different bases from 2 up to 36. PHP, like Java, supports conversion from/to String to different bases from 2 up to 36 using the base_convert function, available since PHP 4. Go supports conversion to string to different bases from 2 up to 36 using the built-in strconv.FormatInt(), and strconv.FormatUint() functions, and conversions from string encoded in different bases from 2 up to 36 using the built-in strconv.ParseInt(), and strconv.ParseUint() functions. Python allows conversions of strings from base 2 to base 36. See also Uuencoding References External links A discussion about the proper name for base 36 at the Wordwizard Clubhouse The Prime Lexicon, a list of words that are prime numbers in base 36 A Binary-Octal-Decimal-Hexadecimal-Base36 converter written in PHP A C# base 36 encoder and decoder sample in C# that demonstrates the HexaTriDecimal Numbering System including string parsing, as well as increment/decrement operations Binary-to-text encoding formats Computer arithmetic Data serialization formats
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Lynch%20%28director%29	Peter Lynch is a Canadian filmmaker, most noted as the director and writer of the documentary films Project Grizzly, The Herd and Cyberman. Career Lynch's 1994 short film Arrowhead, starring Don McKellar, won the Genie Award for Best Theatrical Short Film at the 15th Genie Awards. His feature debut, Project Grizzly, premiered at the 1996 Toronto International Film Festival, and was a Genie Award nominee for Best Feature Length Documentary at the 17th Genie Awards. The Herd, about the six-year Canadian Reindeer Drive of the 1930s from Alaska to the Northwest Territories, premiered at the 1998 Toronto International Film Festival, and was a Genie Award nominee for Best Feature Length Documentary at the 19th Genie Awards. Cyberman, about technology activist and University of Toronto professor Steve Mann, was released in 2001. A Whale of a Tale, about Lynch's quest to discover the origin of a whale bone unearthed in downtown Toronto, followed in 2004. In 2009 Lynch directed four short films for the cross-platform project City Sonic. Lynch, along with six other directors, shot 20 short films about Toronto musicians and the places where their musical lives were transformed. Lynch directed films starting The Barenaked Ladies, Jason Collett, Lioness, and Laura Barrett. In 2011, he participated in the National Parks Project, collaborating with Barrett, Cadence Weapon and Mark Hamilton to produce and score a short film about Alberta's Waterton Lakes National Park. Lynch's first dramatic feature film, Birdland, was released theatrically in Canada in January 2018. Filmography Chinese Concoctions Not Good for TV Toronto Symphony Orchestra making-of process (1992) St Bruno, My Eyes As a Stranger (1994) Arrowhead (1994) The Artist and the Collector (1994) Project Grizzly (1996) The Herd (1998) Cyberman (2001) Soccer Fever—A Passion Play (2002) Animal Nightmares (2003) A Whale of a Tale (2004) Dem Bones (2004) Bloodlines (2004) Things that Move—Helicopters Habbakuk Ship of Ice (2006) Who Shot General Wolfe (2007) The Archivist's Handbook (2007) The Robotic Chair (2007) A Short Film about Falling (2007) Three Chords from the Truth (2008) Trend Hunter TV (2008) City Sonic (2009) Love Is A Dirty Word (2010) Birdland (2018) References External links Canadian documentary film directors Film directors from Toronto Living people Year of birth missing (living people) Place of birth missing (living people)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanshin%20Expressway	The is a network of expressways surrounding Osaka, Kobe and Kyoto, Japan. Operated by , it opened in 1962. Portions of the Hanshin Expressway about east of Fukae Station collapsed during the Kobe earthquake on 17 January 1995. These sections were rebuilt by 1996. Portions of the Osaka highway are featured in Tokyo Xtreme Racer 3, and the Wangan Midnight Maximum Tune video games from 3 onwards. Routes 1 - Loop Route (Central Osaka) 2 - Yodogawa-Sagan Route (Hokko-kita - Universal Studios Japan) 3 - Kobe Route (Nishi-Nagahori - Amagasaki - Nishinomiya - Kobe) 4 - Bayshore Route (Osakako - Rinku Town, Kansai Airport) 5 - Bayshore Route (Osakako - Rokko Island) 6 - Yamatogawa Route (Sakai - Matsubara) 7 - Kita-Kobe Route (Igawadani - Shirakawa - Minotani - Arima - Nishinomiya-Yamaguchi) 11 - Ikeda Route (Umeda - Toyonaka - Osaka Airport - Kawanishi - Ikeda) 12 - Moriguchi Route (Kitahama - Moriguchi) 13 - Higashi-Osaka Route (Central Osaka - Higashi-Osaka) 14 - Matsubara Route (Namba - Hirano - Matsubara) 15 - Sakai Route (Sumiyoshi - Suminoe - Sakai) 16 - Ōsakakō Route (Nishi-Nagahori - Osakako) 17 - Nishi-Osaka Route (Bentencho - Sumiyoshi) 31 - Kobe-Yamate Route (Kobe - Shirakawa) 32 - Shin-Kobe Tunnel (National Highway Route 2 - Minotani) Former Hanshin route 8 - Kyoto Route (Fushimi - Yamashina) (transferred to West Nippon Expressway Company and Kyoto City, renamed to E89 Second Keihan Highway southwest of Kamogawa-Higashi interchange, and Shinjūjōdōri () east of same IC (also free opened)) See also References External links Expressways in Japan Roads in Hyōgo Prefecture Roads in Kyoto Prefecture Roads in Osaka Prefecture
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courtney%20Matthews	Courtney Matthews is a fictional character from General Hospital, an American soap opera on the ABC network. She is the daughter of Mike Corbin and Janine Matthews, and the half-sister of mobster Sonny Corinthos. Courtney was portrayed by Alicia Leigh Willis from December 20, 2001, until February 21, 2006. Willis received two consecutive Emmy nominations for "Outstanding Younger Actress." Willis returned to the role of Courtney for a guest stint in May 2015, as part of a fan-favorite vote; she again returned in 2020. Casting In September 2001, General Hospital released a casting call for Courtney, described to be in her early 20s and "sexy, vibrant and dynamic." The character was speculated to be the sister of Sonny Corinthos, played by Maurice Benard. Benard had hinted at a recent fan club event that Sonny's sister would be brought on canvas. Alicia Leigh Willis was cast in the role of Courtney in December 2001. Casting director Mark Teschner fought for her to be hired in the role, and coached her before her callback with the show's executive producer at the time Jill Farren Phelps. Years later, Teschner spoke highly of his experience with Willis, "She nailed it and she got the role and four years later, she was one of the most successful additions on the show. That's also very gratifying when you fight for somebody and they do you right by doing a great job with the role." In 2006, Willis chose not to renew her contract. She was written off the show, but at her goodbye party on set, Jill Farren Phelps asked if she would stay on and wrap up her character's pregnancy storyline, to which Willis agreed. As the story played out, Willis voiced her opinion on Soap Talk on her character's future, "I love playing Courtney and to see someone else come in, it's like, 'It's my character!' I don't want to see someone else come in, but if they do, I wish them all the luck." Although the network had initially announced recasting the role, it was later confirmed that the character would in fact be killed off. Willis last appeared on February 21, 2006. She briefly returned in 2015, and on September 17, 2020, as a ghost, to facilitate Max Gail's exit from the role of Mike Corbin. Storylines 2001–2004 Soon after her arrival in Port Charles, Courtney falls in love and marries . A.J. uses her to get to his biological son Michael Corinthos III, the illegally adopted child of Courtney's half-brother Sonny Corinthos. When Courtney defends A.J. to his family, he realizes he truly loves her, and stops trying to trade Courtney for Michael. The Quartermaine family freezes A.J.'s bank account, leading him further into his alcoholism. After being blackmailed into stripping due to A.J.'s drunk driving crash, A.J. becomes verbally abusive and has Courtney purposely stalked by Coleman Ratcliffe, the strip club's owner, so that he can finally feel like a hero and rescue her. Courtney finds out what A.J. is doing and asks for a divorce, with which he presumably complies. Me
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Under%20cover%20removal	Under cover removal, or UCR, is a method for colour printers to use less ink. Black ink is used for grey colours instead of the three CMY inks. External links Under cover removal Computer printers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-GMS	The e-Government Metadata Standard, e-GMS, is the UK e-Government Metadata Standard. It defines how UK public sector bodies should label content such as web pages and documents to make such information more easily managed, found and shared. The metadata standard is an application profile of the Dublin Core Metadata Element Set and consists of mandatory, recommended and optional metadata elements such as title, date created and description. The e-GMS formed part of the e-Government Metadata Framework (e-GMF) and eGovernment Interoperability Framework (e-GIF). The standard helps provide a basis for the adoption of XML schemas for data exchange. Metadata elements The current standard defines twenty-five elements. Each has a formal description (taken from Dublin Core where possible) and an obligation rating of "mandatory", "mandatory if applicable", "recommended" or "optional": Accessibility (mandatory if applicable) Addressee (optional) Aggregation (optional) Audience (optional) Contributor (optional) Coverage (recommended) Creator (mandatory) Date (mandatory) Description (optional) Digital signature (optional) Disposal (optional) Format (optional) Identifier (mandatory if applicable) Language (recommended) Location (optional) Mandate (optional) Preservation (optional) Publisher (mandatory if applicable) Relation (optional) Rights (optional) Source (optional) Status (optional) Subject (mandatory) Title (mandatory) Type (optional) Each element also has a statement of purpose, notes, clarification, refinements (such as sub-elements), examples of use, HTML syntax, encoding schemes and mappings to other metadata standards where applicable. Development The first version of the standard comprising simple Dublin Core elements was first published with the e-GMF. E-GMS was first published as a separate document by the Office of the e-Envoy in April 2002 and contained twenty-one elements. Version 2 was released in December 2003 and added separate elements for Addressee, Aggregation, Digital Signature and Mandate. Version 2 also added further refinements and introduced the e-GMS Audience Encoding Scheme (e-GMSAES) and e-GMS Type Encoding Scheme (e-GMSTES). Version 3 was released in April 2004 and incorporated PRONOM within the format and preservation elements. The most recent version, 3.1, was published in August 2006 by the Cabinet Office e-Government Unit following the closure of the Office of the e-Envoy. It now forms part of the UK Government's Information Principles, supporting the principle that "Information is standardised and linkable". Responsibility for maintenance and development of the standard has since moved from central to local government. Subject metadata and the Integrated Public Sector Vocabulary (IPSV) The Integrated Public Sector Vocabulary is a controlled vocabulary for describing subjects and was first released in April 2005, building on developments of the subject element introduced with version 3.0 of e
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Dahlquist	Michael Dahlquist (December 22, 1965 – July 14, 2005) was an American musician, film editor, and computer programmer best known for being the drummer of the Seattle-based Indie rock band Silkworm. Early years Dahlquist was born in Seattle, Washington, and spent his childhood in the nearby town Bothell, with many vacations spent at his grandmother's ranch in Livingston, Montana. In 1969 and 1970, a nine-month trip to Europe saw the Dahlquist clan live on bread and cheese as they traversed the continent. His childhood was filled with creative endeavors: writing (a lasting passion), juggling, puppetry, and tree-climbing, with a little skateboarding thrown in for good measure. Dahlquist graduated from Inglemoor High School in Bothell in 1984, and then attended The Evergreen State College in Olympia, Washington. In Olympia, he continued to develop his interests in writing and performance. To the former, he studied literature, mythology and mysticism, including a summer program at the Naropa Institute in Boulder, Colorado, where he studied with poets Allen Ginsberg and Philip Whalen. He engaged in all manner of performance-oriented endeavors, from stage design to participation in and study of Fluxus-style art events of the sort pioneered by John Cage and Joseph Beuys. During this time period, Dahlquist had his first experiences as a rock drummer, playing with the bands Flowers for Funerals and Dungpump. In 1988, Dahlquist moved from Olympia to Seattle. After a few odd jobs, he found himself a home at Yellow and Graytop cab companies, for whom he drove over the next eight years. Silkworm In January 1990, Dahlquist began a personal and semi-professional relationship that would shape much of his adult life. He met the members of Silkworm, three young men recently transplanted from Montana, who were looking to replace their drum machine. He immediately doubled the size of his kit to four drums. Dahlquist was also a member of the Crust Brothers, playing on their 1998 album Marquee Mark. The activities of Silkworm dominated Dahlquist's life for the next six years. He also became an avid mountaineer and scaled Mts. Adams, Hood, Baker, and Shuksan. He snowboarded, learned to be a swing dancer, and also found time to play with a local gamelan ensemble. In late 1996, Silkworm began curtailing their tour schedule, and Dahlquist talked his way into a job as office grunt at local software company LizardTech. Six months later, he bought his first house, a tiny one-bedroom on Seattle's Beacon Hill. By the time he left Lizardtech as a product manager in the summer of 2001, he had taught himself Perl, HTML, and XML, and had written the Silkworm website from scratch. In October 2001, Dahlquist moved from Seattle to Chicago, Illinois. His bandmates had already made this move, individually, but the band had continued to prosper as a long-distance concern. In Chicago, he was employed at Shure Incorporated as a technical writer, and he continued to spend a great dea
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACPI%20%28disambiguation%29	ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) is a computer firmware standard. ACPI may also refer to: Animation Council of the Philippines, Inc. Association of Christian Philosophers of India America's Cup Properties Inc, in International C-Class Catamaran Championship
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1955%20NFL%20season	The 1955 NFL season was the 36th regular season of the National Football League. NBC paid $100,000 to replace DuMont as the national television network for the NFL Championship Game. The season ended when the Cleveland Browns defeated the Los Angeles Rams in the title game. Draft The 1955 NFL Draft was held from January 27–28, 1955 at Philadelphia's Warwick Hotel. With the first pick, the Baltimore Colts selected running back George Shaw from the University of Oregon. Major rule changes The ball is dead immediately when the ball carrier touches the ground with any part of his body except his hands or feet while in the grasp of an opponent. A new exception is made in regard to scoring a safety: When a defender intercepts a pass, his intercepting momentum carries him into his own end zone, and he is stopped before returning the ball back into the field of play, then the ball will be next put in play at the spot of the interception. Conference races The defending champion Browns dropped their opener, at home, to the Redskins 27–17, but a six-game win streak put them back in front to win the Eastern race. The Western race was crowded a few times, as the Rams had to share the lead. In Week Eight, the Bears beat Los Angeles 24–3, to give both teams 5–3 records, The next week (November 20), the Bears took the lead with a 24–14 at Detroit while the Rams got a 17–17 tie at Baltimore. As had happened many times before in the annual battle of Chicago, the Bears were upset by the Cardinals in Week Ten (November 27), 53–14; the Rams eked out a 23–21 in Philadelphia on Les Richter's field goal with 0:07 left in the game. In Week Eleven (December 4), the Rams won 20–14 over Baltimore, and the Bears kept their hopes alive with a difficult 21–20 win over Detroit. In the latter game, the Lions' Doak Walker missed an extra point, lost a fumble late in the game on the Detroit 28, and was wide on a 35-yard field goal attempt in the final seconds. The Bears won their last game (December 11), 17–10 over Philadelphia, to finish 8–4, and hoped for the 7–3–1 Rams would lose their game in Los Angeles against Green Bay. The Rams did not lose, clinching a spot in the title game, with a 31–17 win. Final standings NFL Championship Game Cleveland 38, Los Angeles 14 at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, Los Angeles, Monday, December 26, 1955 League leaders Awards NEA NFL Most Valuable Player – Harlon Hill, Chicago Bears UPI NFL Most Valuable Player – Otto Graham, Cleveland Browns Sporting News NFL Player of the Year – Otto Graham, Cleveland Browns Coaching changes Chicago Cardinals: Joe Stydahar was replaced by Ray Richards. Los Angeles Rams: Hamp Pool was replaced by Sid Gillman. San Francisco 49ers: Buck Shaw was replaced by Red Strader. References NFL Record and Fact Book () NFL History 1951–1960 (Last accessed December 4, 2005) Total Football: The Official Encyclopedia of the National Football League () National Football League seasons
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julie%20Zwillich	Julie Zwillich ( ) is a Canadian and American television personality. She is the host of Food Network Canada's Summer's Best and CBC's Surprise! It's Edible Incredible! She became a television personality in 1997 with the debut of Stuff, which aired on TVOntario, ABC Australia, across Asia and South America, and on the WAM! network in the US. Her co-host, Kevin Brauch, went on to become The Thirsty Traveler. Zwillich was a host on the popular TVOKids live broadcast from 1999 to 2002 and went on to host BrainBounce! on TV Ontario and Discovery UK, and the sports show SWEAT on OLN and TSN. She is also an actor, and performed all 26 characters on The Blobs, played the characters Emily and Enrique on Beyblade and is the voice of multiple characters on CBC's kid show, The X. Zwillich can be seen hosting videos for Kraft Foods, WalMart and other companies as well as on Yahoo! Shine and Deepak Chopra's Chopra Well channel on YouTube. References External links Julie Zwillich's website Julie Zwillich's Food Network Canada biography Summer's Best website CBC's Surprise! It's Edible Incredible website Apartment 11's Surprise! It's Edible Incredible website STUFF website TVOKIDS website SWEAT website 1969 births American television actresses Canadian television hosts Canadian television actresses Living people American voice actresses American expatriates in Canada Canadian women television hosts American women television presenters
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956%20NFL%20season	The 1956 NFL season was the 37th regular season of the National Football League. With previous television partner DuMont Television Network ending operations prior to the 1956 season, CBS began carrying regular season games across its network nationwide. The season ended when the New York Giants defeated the Chicago Bears in the NFL Championship Game, Draft The 1956 NFL Draft was held on November 28, 1955, and January 17–18, 1956 at The Warwick and the Bellevue-Stratford Hotel in Philladelphia and the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles. With the first pick, the Pittsburgh Steelers selected quarterback and safety Gary Glick from the Colorado State University. Major rule changes It is now illegal to grab an opponent's facemask (other than the ball carrier): changed to all players in . Using radio receivers to communicate with players on the field is prohibited. The ball for night games was changed from white with black stripes to brown with white stripes. Conference races The Lions and the Cardinals had both finished 1955 poorly, 3–9 and 4–7–1, but both got off to fast starts in 1956. Both ended up finishing second in the Conference races. The Chicago Cardinals got off to their best start ever, going 4–0, until the Redskins beat them 17–14 on October 28. At the midway point, they and the Giants had 5–1 records. In the Western Conference, the Detroit Lions roared to a 6–0 start. In Week Seven (November 11), the Giants pulled ahead with a 23–10 win over the Cards. In Washington, the Lions finally lost. Trapped on his own 1-yard line, Yale Lary took a safety in order to get a free kick. That, and Sam Baker's field goal, gave the Redskins an 18–10 lead to put the game out of reach, and the Lions lost 18–17. The Bears, who had dropped their opener at Baltimore, 28–21, beat Green Bay 38–14 for their sixth straight game, matching Detroit's 6–1 record. In Week Nine, the Lions dropped their Thanksgiving Day game as Tobin Rote guided Green Bay to three last-quarter touchdowns in a 24–20 win. On Sunday, the Cards 38–27 win over Pittsburgh put them a half game out. The Bears avoided a loss, while the Giants watched a win elude them, as Harlon Hill caught a last-ditch 56-yard touchdown pass from Ed Brown in tying the Giants, 17–17. Both the Bears and the Giants continued to lead their conferences, but only by half a game. The Cards lost the next two games and any chance at the Eastern title, which the Giants clinched, in part because of a 28–14 win over Washington on December 2. The Western race came down to the Bears and Lions. In Week Ten (December 2), the Lions hosted the Bears and won 42–10, to take the lead. When both teams won the following week, the trip to the championship came down to December 16, the last game of the season, which would have the 9–2 Detroit Lions visiting the 8–2–1 Chicago Bears, who hadn't forgotten the earlier drubbing. The game at Wrigley Field was marked by numerous fights, including a fourth quarter melee involving pla
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XEW-TDT	XEW-TDT (channel 2) is a television station in Mexico City, Mexico. The station is owned by Grupo Televisa and is the flagship station to the Las Estrellas network. XEW is the second-oldest Televisa station and Mexico City's second-oldest station, founded in 1951. History XEW-TV came on air March 21, 1951. It was the second television station to come to air in Mexico and built on the tradition of the successful and influential XEW-AM 900. The concession was and remains held by Televimex, S.A. de C.V. The first transmission was a baseball game from Delta Park. The station came on air with its studios, known as Televicentro, still under development; these did not open formally until January 1952. It was not until 1982 that XEW, now the keystone of a national network, took on the name Canal de las Estrellas (Channel of the Stars). In 2016, the name was shortened to Las Estrellas as part of a branding refresh. Technical information Digital subchannels The station's digital channel carries one program stream: Analog-to-digital conversion XEW-TV, alongside other television stations in Mexico City, discontinued regular programming on its analog signal, over VHF channel 2, at 12:00 a.m. on December 17, 2015, as part of the federally mandated transition from analog to digital television. In 2016, in order to facilitate the repacking of TV services out of the 600 MHz band (channels 38-51), XEW was allowed to move from channel 48 to channel 32. The change occurred in April 2017, including a brief period in which both facilities operated at the same time. Repeaters XEW-TDT maintains two of its own repeaters that account for terrain masking and gaps in coverage within the licensed coverage area: \|- \|- \|} Logos External links Official site References Las Estrellas transmitters Television stations in Mexico City Television channels and stations established in 1951 Spanish-language television stations in Mexico 1951 establishments in Mexico es:XEW-TV hu:XEW-TV pt:XEW-TV sv:Las Estrellas
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XEQ	XEQ may refer to various things: Radio call signs The following broadcast stations in Mexico: XEQ-TV, channel 9 XEQ-AM, 940 kHz XEQ-FM, 92.9 MHz Computing XEQ, a keyword in IBM's Job Control Language (JCL) for remote execution XEQ, a mnemonic for the execute instruction on the HP 3000 computer Other XEQ, the IATA code of Tasiusaq Heliport (Kujalleq).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XHDF-TDT	XHDF-TDT, virtual channel 1 (UHF digital channel 25), is the flagship station of the Azteca Uno television network in Mexico City, Mexico. Azteca Uno can be seen in most major cities in Mexico through TV Azteca's owned-and-operated transmitter network. XHDF provides HD programming to other transmitters and cable and satellite viewers. History Initial years of operation The concession for XHDF-TV was awarded in 1968 alongside that of XHTM-TV channel 8. The two stations were intended to come on in time for the 1968 Summer Olympics. While the first programs were broadcast on September 1 with the transmission of the fourth government report of President Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, full programs began with the opening of the Olympic Games on October 12. XHDF was owned by Organización Radio Centro through concessionaire Corporación Mexicana de Radio y Televisión, S.A. de C.V. The station had studios and a transmitter at the Torre Latinoamericana along with a second facility on Calle Mina in the historic center of Mexico City, but XHDF primarily broadcast filmed series with fewer resources than its Mexico City competitors. Nationalization In 1972, due to debts owed to the state-owned Sociedad Mexicana de Crédito Industrial (Mexican Industrial Credit Society or SOMEX), XHDF and Corporación Mexicana de Radio y Televisión was nationalized. The first director of the government-owned Canal 13 was Antonio Menéndez González, and after his death, he was succeeded by Enrique González Pedrero, senator of the state of Tabasco from the PRI. Corporación Mexicana de Radio y Televisión, along with another state-owned enterprise, Tele-Radio Nacional, began receiving new television concessions as part of a national expansion of the Mexico City station into a national television network. One of the first orders of business for Canal 13 was a relocation. On July 14, 1976, Canal 13's new facilities in the Ajusco area of Mexico City were formally inaugurated by President Luis Echeverría. The event was attended by various figures from the political and business sectors of the country, including Secretary of the Interior Mario Moya Palencia and Secretary of Communications and Transportation Eugenio Méndez Docurro, as well as Emilio Azcárraga Milmo, Romulo O'Farrill and Miguel Alemán Velasco, who served as directors of Televisa. In 1983, the Mexican government reorganized its broadcast holdings. The result was the creation of the Mexican Television Institute, which changed its name to Imevisión in 1985. Imevisión comprised not only Canal 13, now known as Red Nacional 13, but the former Televisión de la República Mexicana, with its channel 22 station, and a new network known as Red Nacional 7 and broadcast in Mexico City by the brand-new XHIMT-TV channel 7. During the Imevisión years, Red Nacional 13 continued to broadcast commercial programming, although it featured some programs with a cultural focus, such as Temas de Garibay, Entre Amigos with Alejandro Aura, and several p
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minivac%20601	Minivac 601 Digital Computer Kit was an electromechanical digital computer system created by information theory pioneer Claude Shannon and sold by Scientific Development Corporation as an educational toy using digital circuits. Description In 1961, the system was sold by Scientific Development Corporation's "Consumer Products Division", which was soon renamed as the "Digital Equipment Division". The Minivac 601 was originally housed in a blue-painted wooden case. It used DPDT electrical relays as logic switches and for temporary data storage. The main board had a six-bit binary input/output array, consisting of simple DPDT slide switches, SPDT pushbutton switches, and indicator lights. A 16-position motorized dial rotary switch could be used to input decimal or hexadecimal numbers, to output numbers, or to act as a clock signal generator. The components could be interconnected by manually inserting jumper wires fitted with tapered pin connectors into sockets on the main circuit board. The combined components just barely allowed the simple computer to play a winning game of Tic-Tac-Toe, or to simulate a simple elevator control system. An "advanced and improved" version called the Minivac 6010 was released in early 1962, housed in a gray metal case and featuring higher-quality components. It was supplied with additional patch cords incorporating special resistors, capacitors, and diodes for further capabilities. Although the price was also increased considerably, the system was more successfully sold to the corporate market, rather than as a toy. In 1962, the Scientific Development Corporation also advertised educational electronic kits based on analog electronics technology. Gallery References External links Cedmagic.com Hal A. Layer Computermuseum.li Minivac 601 at www.oldcomputermuseum.com Minivac 6010 at www.oldcomputermuseum.com Minivac 601 documentation (1961): Book I, Books II-IV, Books V-VI, Maintenance manual Mechanical computers Educational toys
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federated%20Farmers	Federated Farmers of New Zealand is a lobby and advocacy group for all farmers: arable including fruit and vegetables, dairy and meat and their often remote communities. It has a network of 24 regional organisations and six industry groups. Federated Farmers lobbies on farming issues both nationally and within each region. Membership of the organisation is voluntary, and at 2021 it has over 13,000 members. History Federated Farmers was originally incorporated in 1902 as the New Zealand Farmers Union. In 1944, a joint initiative by the New Zealand Farmers Union and the New Zealand Sheepowners’ Federation led to the formation of Federated Farmers, and a new incorporated society, Federated Farmers of New Zealand Inc was registered on 30 November 1944. There were 43,000 members of Federated Farmers in 1971. Structure and membership The organisation is a federation of 24 independent regional bodies (provinces) that are separate incorporated societies. As of 2021, there were 13,000 members of Federated Farmers. The parent body has 11 offices around the country, and employs 60 staff. In addition to the regional member organisations, Federated Farmers has six industry groups: Arable, Dairy, Goats, High country, Meat & wool and Rural butchers. The organisation has recently introduced a discounted membership category for owners of lifestyle farm blocks. Publications Federated Farmers has several publications including a weekly newsletter called Friday Flash, which has 11,000 subscribers as of 2021. Other publications include the National Farming Review and Tussock Talk. During the 2020 New Zealand general election, Federated Farmer released a manifesto. Advocacy work Animal identification and tracing In 2009, Federated Farmers opposed the Government's new National Animal Identification and Tracing (NAIT) scheme, claiming that it would impose extra costs on farmers which outweighed the benefits. Farmers also feared that the NAIT scheme would be used to impose a greenhouse gas emissions tax under an emissions trading scheme. A Federated Farmers survey found that 2% supported NAIT and 80% opposed it. In November 2019, Federated Farmers meat and wool chairman Miles Anderson welcomed amendments to the national animal identification and tracing legislation and thanked the Primary Production Select Committee for listening to representations from Federated Farmers and other parties. In mid–May 2021, the group welcomed the 2021 New Zealand budget's allocation of $22 million in funding to the NAIT scheme, streamlining farm planning, and agricultural emissions research. Climate change By 2003, research into greenhouse gas emissions in New Zealand had indicated that approximately half of total emissions were attributable to agriculture - mostly methane and nitrous oxide. However, in 2003 Federated Farmers became involved in a lobbying campaign to oppose the Government's proposal to introduce an Agricultural emissions research levy. The levy was propose
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid-range	In statistics, the mid-range or mid-extreme is a measure of central tendency of a sample defined as the arithmetic mean of the maximum and minimum values of the data set: The mid-range is closely related to the range, a measure of statistical dispersion defined as the difference between maximum and minimum values. The two measures are complementary in sense that if one knows the mid-range and the range, one can find the sample maximum and minimum values. The mid-range is rarely used in practical statistical analysis, as it lacks efficiency as an estimator for most distributions of interest, because it ignores all intermediate points, and lacks robustness, as outliers change it significantly. Indeed, for many distributions it is one of the least efficient and least robust statistics. However, it finds some use in special cases: it is the maximally efficient estimator for the center of a uniform distribution, trimmed mid-ranges address robustness, and as an L-estimator, it is simple to understand and compute. Robustness The midrange is highly sensitive to outliers and ignores all but two data points. It is therefore a very non-robust statistic, having a breakdown point of 0, meaning that a single observation can change it arbitrarily. Further, it is highly influenced by outliers: increasing the sample maximum or decreasing the sample minimum by x changes the mid-range by while it changes the sample mean, which also has breakdown point of 0, by only It is thus of little use in practical statistics, unless outliers are already handled. A trimmed midrange is known as a – the n% trimmed midrange is the average of the n% and (100−n)% percentiles, and is more robust, having a breakdown point of n%. In the middle of these is the midhinge, which is the 25% midsummary. The median can be interpreted as the fully trimmed (50%) mid-range; this accords with the convention that the median of an even number of points is the mean of the two middle points. These trimmed midranges are also of interest as descriptive statistics or as L-estimators of central location or skewness: differences of midsummaries, such as midhinge minus the median, give measures of skewness at different points in the tail. Efficiency Despite its drawbacks, in some cases it is useful: the midrange is a highly efficient estimator of μ, given a small sample of a sufficiently platykurtic distribution, but it is inefficient for mesokurtic distributions, such as the normal. For example, for a continuous uniform distribution with unknown maximum and minimum, the mid-range is the uniformly minimum-variance unbiased estimator (UMVU) estimator for the mean. The sample maximum and sample minimum, together with sample size, are a sufficient statistic for the population maximum and minimum – the distribution of other samples, conditional on a given maximum and minimum, is just the uniform distribution between the maximum and minimum and thus add no information. See German tank problem for
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utrecht%20Network	The Utrecht Network is a network of European universities. Founded in 1987, the network promotes the internationalisation of tertiary education through summer schools, student and staff exchanges and joint degrees. Utrecht Network member universities Former members See also National Institutes of Technology – 31 leading public engineering universities in India External links Official website College and university associations and consortia in Europe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMDP	XHTML Meta Data Profiles (XMDP) is a format for defining metadata 'profiles' or formats in a machine-readable fashion, while also enabling people to see a description of the definition visually in a web browser. XMDP definitions are expressed in XHTML (or possibly HTML). Examples of applications that use XMDP include XFN and hCard. Example <dl class="profile"> <dt id="title">title</dt> <dd>The name given to a piece of work.</dd> </dl> To apply, use the profile attribute in the head element of your document: <head profile="URL"> Where URL denotes the full address of your XMDP profile resource. See also microformats XHTML Friends Network hCard XHTML External links XFN 1.1 Profile Microformats home page drx: XMDP (archived version) drx: XMDP Microformats XHTML Year of introduction missing
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming%20complexity	Programming complexity (or software complexity) is a term that includes software properties that affect internal interactions. Several commentators distinguish between the terms "complex" and "complicated". Complicated implies being difficult to understand, but ultimately knowable. Complex, by contrast, describes the interactions between entities. As the number of entities increases, the number of interactions between them increases exponentially, making it impossible to know and understand them all. Similarly, higher levels of complexity in software increase the risk of unintentionally interfering with interactions, thus increasing the risk of introducing defects when changing the software. In more extreme cases, it can make modifying the software virtually impossible. The idea of linking software complexity to software maintainability has been explored extensively by Professor Manny Lehman, who developed his Laws of Software Evolution. He and his co-author Les Belady explored numerous Software Metrics that could be used to measure the state of software, eventually concluding that the only practical solution is to use deterministic complexity models. Measures Several measures of software complexity have been proposed. Many of these, although yielding a good representation of complexity, do not lend themselves to easy measurement. Some of the more commonly used metrics are McCabe's cyclomatic complexity metric Halstead's software science metrics Henry and Kafura introduced "Software Structure Metrics Based on Information Flow" in 1981, which measures complexity as a function of "fan-in" and "fan-out". They define fan-in of a procedure as the number of local flows into that procedure plus the number of data structures from which that procedure retrieves information. Fan-out is defined as the number of local flows out of that procedure plus the number of data structures that the procedure updates. Local flows relate to data passed to, and from procedures that call or are called by, the procedure in question. Henry and Kafura's complexity value is defined as "the procedure length multiplied by the square of fan-in multiplied by fan-out" (Length ×(fan-in × fan-out)²). Chidamber and Kemerer introduced "A Metrics Suite for Object-Oriented Design" in 1994, focusing on metrics for object-oriented code. They introduce six OO complexity metrics: (1) weighted methods per class; (2) coupling between object classes; (3) response for a class; (4) number of children; (5) depth of inheritance tree; and (6) lack of cohesion of methods. Several other metrics can be used to measure programming complexity: Branching complexity (Sneed Metric) Data access complexity (Card Metric) Data complexity (Chapin Metric) Data flow complexity (Elshof Metric) Decisional complexity (McClure Metric) Path Complexity (Bang Metric) Tesler's Law is an adage in human–computer interaction stating that every application has an inherent amount of complexity that cannot be remo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20radio%20stations%20in%20Idaho	The following is a list of FCC-licensed radio stations in the U.S. state of Idaho, which can be sorted by their call signs, frequencies, cities of license, licensees, and programming formats. List of radio stations Defunct KDBI KID KLCW-LP KMCL KRSI KSKI KTSJ KWAL References External links World Radio Map – List of radio stations in Idaho Idaho Radio
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM%20Displaywriter%20System	The IBM 6580 Displaywriter System is a 16-bit microcomputer that was marketed and sold by IBM's Office Products Division primarily as a word processor. Announced on June 17, 1980 and effectively withdrawn from marketing on July 2, 1986, the system was sold with a 5 MHz Intel 8086, 128 KB to 448 KB of RAM, a swivel-mounted monochrome CRT monitor, a detached keyboard, a detached 8" floppy disk drive enclosure with one or two drives, and a detached daisy wheel printer, or Selectric typewriter printer. The primary operating system for the Displaywriter is IBM's internally developed word processing software titled "Textpack", but UCSD p-System, CP/M-86, and MS-DOS were also offered by IBM, Digital Research, and CompuSystems, respectively. Software Textpack Overview Textpack is a proprietary word processing suite developed specifically for the Displaywriter, that was aimed at automating document creation and finalization. Though capable of multi-tasking, Textpack is not a general purpose operating system like DOS or CP/M. Instead, it bootstraps directly to a menu of text editing and pagination functions, with additional options to manage Textpack data disks or load one of several IBM supplemental programs, called "Feature Programs". Textpack was offered in six versions, titled: "E", "1", "2", "3", "4", & "6". These versions of Textpack were tiered in functionality, with only basic text editing being offered with the lowest Textpack versions, E and 1. More advanced features, such as customizing keyboard macros and menu shortcuts, automatically generating custom headers and footers, automatically processing math equations, or emulating a 3101 or 3270 terminal, were reserved for Textpack 4 or Textpack 6. If the Displaywriter system possesses enough RAM, and is running Textpack 4 or 6, it can also load a Feature Program concurrently with a document, and tab between editing the document and the Feature Program in real time. Sales Theory According to IBM, the approach of offering stripped down versions of the full Textpack product was an attempt to make the Displaywriter more economical for smaller businesses, who IBM envisioned would choose a cheaper software package and then upgrade as their needs required. However, in practice this was undercut by both the Displaywriter hardware being significantly more expensive than competition in the word processing and general microcomputer spaces and the fact that limitations coded into Textpack prevented a fluid upgrade path for customers in many instances. For example, if a customer were using Textpack 1 and wanted to use their Displaywriter to create graphs and charts, they would need to pay approximately $1,500 ($4,500 in 2023) for Textpack 4, the Chartpack software disk, and the RAM upgrade to support the new software. Reception During the production lifespan of the Displaywriter, Textpack was praised for its functionality and ease of use compared to other word processing options, though the high pri
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complexity%20measure	Complexity measure / measure of complexity may refer to any measure defined in various branches of complexity theory, specifically: in Computational complexity theory Blum axioms Programming complexity Halstead complexity measures Cyclomatic complexity Time complexity Parametrized complexity in complex systems theory and applications Forecasting complexity Effective complexity Kolmogorov complexity, a measure of algorithmic complexity Self-dissimilarity in information theory Information fluctuation complexity in model theory U-rank in statistical learning theory / computational learning theory VC dimension Rademacher complexity in linguistics/computer linguistics linguistic sequence complexity in computer networks network complexity Complex systems theory Measures of complexity
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational%20model	A computational model uses computer programs to simulate and study complex systems using an algorithmic or mechanistic approach and is widely used in a diverse range of fields spanning from physics, engineering, chemistry and biology to economics, psychology, cognitive science and computer science. The system under study is often a complex nonlinear system for which simple, intuitive analytical solutions are not readily available. Rather than deriving a mathematical analytical solution to the problem, experimentation with the model is done by adjusting the parameters of the system in the computer, and studying the differences in the outcome of the experiments. Operation theories of the model can be derived/deduced from these computational experiments. Examples of common computational models are weather forecasting models, earth simulator models, flight simulator models, molecular protein folding models, Computational Engineering Models (CEM), and neural network models. See also Computational Engineering Computational cognition Reversible computing Agent-based model Artificial neural network Computational linguistics Computational human modeling Decision field theory Dynamical systems model of cognition Membrane computing Ontology (information science) Programming language theory Microscale and macroscale models References Models of computation Mathematical modeling
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish%20Educational%20Broadcasting%20Company	Swedish Educational Broadcasting Company ( or simply ; UR) is a public-service corporation providing educational programming on radio and television. The company is a member of the European Broadcasting Union and Nordvision. History The company originates from experiments with (school radio) by the (National Board of Education) in 1928, a business that became permanent in 1929. In 1931, Radiotjänst became the principal for its broadcasts. In 1961, test broadcasts of school television began, an activity that in 1964 merged with school radio. To this was later added SR's adult education and the activity was financed with tax funds. In 1967, Kommittén för Television och Radio i Utbildningen (TRU), the committee for television and radio, was started in the education of the state as an experimental activity of sending wireless teaching materials to universities and preschools. The location was in Stocksund and the business continued until 1978 when it was taken over by the newly started Sveriges Utbildningsradio AB. In 1978, an extensive reorganization was carried out in which Sveriges Radio (SR) was split into four subsidiaries owned by SR: (RR), Swedish National Radio; (LRAB), Swedish Local Radio; Sveriges Utbildningsradio (UR), Swedish Educational Broadcasting; and Sveriges Television (SVT), Swedish Television. In 1985, the tax financing ceased and UR's program was financed by the television fee. In 1994, another reorganization was made and UR became an independent company. Between 1999 and 2006, a series of books on the history of educational programs and UR have been published by . A total of 16 volumes were published in this series of publications. In 2016, UR was rejected by the Discrimination Ombudsman after placing a job advertisement where dark skin color was included in the applicant's qualifications. Distribution UR broadcasts their programming on Sveriges Radio's channels P1, P2, P3 and P4 as well as Sveriges Television's SVT1, SVT2 and SVT Barn. On 27 September 2004, Kunskapskanalen (The Knowledge Channel) started broadcasting. The channel is run as a collaborative project between UR and SVT. Each company accounts for fifty percent of the content and airtime. Management CEOs: (1977–1986) (1986–1998) Rolf Svensson (1998–1999, acting) (2000–2009) (2009–2015) (2015–2017) Per Bergkrantz (2017–2018, acting) (2018–2023) (2023–) See also Educational television Radiotjänst i Kiruna (licence fee agency) Swedish Broadcasting Commission References Foundation Management for SR, SVT, and UR European Broadcasting Union members Radio in Sweden Television in Sweden Swedish companies established in 1978 Educational broadcasting Education companies of Sweden Television production companies of Sweden Companies based in Stockholm

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