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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandra%20%28disambiguation%29	Chandra is a Hindu lunar deity. Chandra may also refer to: People Ambrish Chandra, Indian-Canadian engineer Ashok K. Chandra, Indian computer scientist Bhagwat Chandrasekhar, Indian cricketer Bipan Chandra, Indian historian Lokesh Chandra, Indian Buddhist scholar Ranjit Chandra, Indian-Canadian immunologist accused of academic fraud Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, Indian-American astrophysicist who formulated what was later called the Chandrasekhar limit Vikram Chandra (novelist), an Indian author Chandra Bahadur Dangi, the world's shortest person Chandra Ford, an American public health academic Chandra Levy, an American murder victim whose disappearance made national headlines in 2001 Chandra Pasma, Canadian politician Chandra Prakash Gharti, Nepalese politician Chandra Shekhar, 8th Prime Minister of India Chandra West, Canadian actress Chandra Wickramasinghe, British-Sri Lankan astronomer Chandra Wilson, American actress Chandraprakash Dwivedi, Indian film director and writer Astronomy Chandra X-ray Observatory, a satellite launched by NASA in 1999, and named after Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar 1958 Chandra, an asteroid named after Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar History Chandra dynasty or Lunar dynasty, mythical Hindu dynasty Chandragupta Maurya or Chandra Gupta Maurya, founder of the Indian Mauryan Empire Chandragupta I or Chandra Gupta I, king of the ancient Indian Gupta Empire Chandragupta II or Chandra Gupta II, king of the ancient Indian Gupta Empire Chandradeva, 12th century Gahadavala king of medieval India Chandar (Chach Nama), king of Sindh and Buddhist ascetic Geography Chandra, Comoros, a village Chandra, Paschim Medinipur, a village in West Bengal, India Chandra Taal, a lake in the Himalayas Entertainment Chandra (film), 2013 Indian film by Roopa Iyer Dr. Sivasubramanian Chandrasegarampillai, Dr. R. Chandra, a character in Arthur C. Clarke's Space Odyssey series Chandra Nalaar, a character in the card game Magic: The Gathering Dr. Chandra Suresh, a character in the American TV drama series Heroes Chandra, a song by a progressive rock band Snovi Chandra, a character from the Upside-Down Magic (film) See also Chanda (disambiguation) Chandu (disambiguation) Chandrapur (disambiguation) Chandrayaan programme, Indian lunar exploration mission Chandrayaan-1 Chandrayaan-2 Chandrayaan-3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CFSO-TV	CFSO-TV is a Canadian television station, licensed to and serving Cardston, Alberta. It is owned by Logan & Corey McCarthy. Programming CFSO's programming is community and religious-oriented, along with some Mormon-based programming from BYU Television. External links Channel 32 CRTC Decision CFSO-TV history - Canadian Communication Foundation Canadian community channels FSO FSO Christian television stations in Canada Cardston Television channels and stations established in 1983 1983 establishments in Alberta
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/70/30%20Productions	70/30 Productions was an animation production house located in Atlanta, Georgia. They are the creators of Sealab 2021, Frisky Dingo, and the latter's spin-off series The Xtacles for Cartoon Network's Adult Swim. 70/30 was founded by Matt Thompson and Adam Reed. The company's name came from the plan that Thompson would do 70% of the producing and 30% of the writing, with Reed doing the reverse. The logo contains a stylized green car made out of the numbers "70" and "30", hence the name. In early January 2009, the production company announced they were closing their doors. Adam Reed and Matt Thompson have gone on to form Floyd County Productions, a production company that produces the show Archer for FX. References American animation studios Adult Swim Companies based in Atlanta Mass media companies established in 2000 Mass media companies disestablished in 2009 Defunct companies based in Georgia (U.S. state)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istrian%20Y	The Istrian Y () is a highway network in the Croatian highway network & TEN-T network, maintained by BINA Istra (1995 - at least 2027). It consists of 2 sections arranged in a shape similar to the alphabetical letter 'Y', located in the Istria County: (Matulji - Kanfanar) (Plovanija - Pula via Kanfanar) Eastern branch The A8 is a long branch which starts at Matulji in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County and finishes in Kanfanar interchange, at the crossing with the A9. The branch was initially built as a single carriageway limited-access road, but the part between Kanfanar and Pazin was projected as a dual carriageway, so all the objects on the road are already prepared for a conversion to a motorway. The most prominent feature of this branch of Istrian Y is the long Učka Tunnel, the third longest tunnel in Croatia. The tunnel was opened in 1981 and is the main road that connects the Istrian peninsula with Rijeka and the rest of Croatia (and the only road for vehicles over 5 tonnes). The tunnel is tolled within a closed toll collection system with the rest of the network. The first part opened as full motorway, from Kanfanar to Rogovići, was opened for traffic in 2011. Then, sections between Rogovići - Cerovlje, Cerovlje - Lupoglav, and Lupoglav - Vranja, opened in consecutive years from 2020. Western branch The A9 is a long branch which connects the Croatian-Slovenian border near Sečovlje with the city of Pula and services the tourist industry on the western coast of Istria. Motorway was initially built as single carriageway limited-access road. There are two prominent object on this branch of Istrian Y: the viaduct "Limska draga" and the bridge "Mirna". The viaduct "Limska draga" was built between 1988 and 1991 and was the first part of the western branch of Istrian Y that was constructed. The bridge is 552 m long and the height of the highest pillon is 120 m. The bridge "Mirna" was opened to traffic in 2005. The bridge represents the crossing over river Mirna and was the most complicated object on the western branch of the Istrian Y because of the swampy terrain around the river. The bridge is 1355 m long and the height of the bridge at the highest point is 40 m. Currently the bridge is being tolled at the price of 14 HRK for passenger cars. The southern leg of A9 motorway, between Kanfanar and Pula was opened as motorway for traffic in 2010. The northern leg of the A9 motorway, 50 km from Umag to Kanfanar, was opened as motorway for traffic on 14 June 2011, eight months before the deadline. Upgrade The network, especially the A8 section and Učka Tunnel, is undergoing (as of 2023) and due to further undergo, extensive upgrade & refurbishment works. The works are split into 2 phases, sub-phases, and parts. Completed Phases Phase 1 + 2A Construction of a dual-carriageway highway for the following sections: Umag - Kanfanar - Pula (except for the Mirna Bridge & Limska Draga Viaduct) Kanfanar - Rogovići Construction of a singl
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%20Coury	Albert Eli Coury (October 21, 1934 – August 8, 2013) was an American music record executive and producer who was vice-president of Capitol Records, co-founder of RSO Records, founder of Network Records and general manager of Geffen Records. Coury released some of the best selling albums of all time such as the soundtracks of Saturday Night Fever, Grease and Flashdance, and albums such as Pink Floyd's The Dark Side of the Moon and Guns N' Roses' Appetite for Destruction, which earned him the title of the "Vince Lombardi of the record business". In his career that expanded almost 40 years, Coury helped to develop the careers of artists such as The Beatles, Nat King Cole, The Beach Boys, Pink Floyd, the Bee Gees, Eric Clapton, Irene Cara, Glen Campbell, Bob Seger, Guns N' Roses, Aerosmith, Don Henley, Cher and Linda Ronstadt. Biography Albert Eli Coury was born October 21, 1934, to Lebanese parents and grew up in Worcester, Massachusetts. He played the trumpet as a teenager. In 1957, he joined Capitol Records as a promotion man in New England, and was later transferred to Los Angeles to become Capitol's first A&R executive (head of artist development) until he rose to vice-president of marketing, sales/promotion and A&R. Time magazine called him "The Man Who Sells the Sizzle". Capitol Records Coury was instrumental in the transition of Capitol Records from the jazz and pop era, led by the label's artists such as Frank Sinatra and Peggy Lee, into the rock n' roll era that started in the early 60s. At Capitol Records, Coury worked closely with The Beatles before and after their break up in 1970 as solo artists. Coury worked on every album the Beatles released in the United States. He was also a central figure in The Beach Boys career since they first signed up with Capitol in 1962. Coury was the one responsible for the success of their song "Barbara Ann" in 1965, which he picked as a single from their 10th album without telling the band, making one of the Beach Boys most successful hits of their career and their first highest-charting hit in Europe. As vice-president of Capitol Records, Coury also led the re-establishing of Capitol Records as a major label after The Beatles broke up and The Beach Boys left the label in 1970. Between 1970 and 1974, he released albums of artists such as Linda Ronstadt, Helen Reddy, Grand Funk Railroad, Pink Floyd, Glen Campbell, Natalie Cole, and others. Coury worked on Helen Reddy's I am Woman single release and album in 1972 which gave Capitol its first no.1 song on the Billboard Hot 100 since 1970 and earned Reddy a Grammy Award. He was also co-producer of Linda Ronstadt self-titled album Linda Ronstadt of 1972, considered to be a front-runner in the country rock music genre, and released her last album with Capitol Heart like a Wheel in 1974, which became Ronstadt's breakthrough album and earned her a Grammy Award for Album of the Year as well. Coury also released Ronstadt's single "You're No Good" as
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KPXB-TV	KPXB-TV (channel 49) is a television station licensed to Conroe, Texas, United States, serving as the Houston area outlet for the Ion Television network. It is owned and operated by the Ion Media subsidiary of the E.W. Scripps Company, and maintains a transmitter near Missouri City, in unincorporated northeastern Fort Bend County. History The station first signed on the air on June 16, 1989 as KTFH (not to be confused with present-day UniMás owned-and-operated station KFTH-DT, channel 67); mainly airing home shopping programming, before becoming an over-the-air affiliate of Spanish-language network Galavisión (which is primarily distributed through cable, satellite television, and IPTV) in November of that year. KTFH was sold to Paxson Communications in 1995. Paxson then dropped Galavisión and affiliated it with its Infomall Television Network (inTV) infomercial service on April 3, 1995; its call letters were later changed to KPXB in early 1998. KPXB, along with other Paxson-owned stations, became a charter station of Pax TV (later i: Independent Television and now Ion Television) when the network launched on August 31, 1998. From 1990 until 2009, KPXB was relayed on low-power translator KBPX-LP (channel 33), which mainly served to improve KPXB's signal coverage in southern portions of Houston since the full-power analog transmitter site was located in the far northern suburbs. On September 24, 2020, the Cincinnati-based E. W. Scripps Company announced it would purchase KPXB-TV's owner, Ion Media, for $2.65 billion, with financing from Berkshire Hathaway. Part of the deal includes divesting 23 stations nationally to an undisclosed third party maintaining Ion affiliations. Newscasts From 2000 to 2005, KPXB aired rebroadcasts of CBS affiliate KHOU (channel 11)'s newscasts at 6:30 and 11:30 p.m. instead of airing newscasts from NBC affiliate KPRC-TV (channel 2). Technical information Subchannels The station's digital signal is multiplexed: Analog-to-digital conversion KPXB-TV discontinued regular programming on its analog signal, over UHF channel 49, on June 12, 2009, as part of the federally mandated transition from analog to digital television. The station's digital signal relocated from its pre-transition VHF channel 5 to UHF channel 32 due to signal issues common with low-band VHF digital channels, using PSIP to display KPXB-TV's virtual channel as 49 on digital television receivers. After the digital transition, KPXB moved its transmitter from east of Splendora to the Houston-area antenna farm near Missouri City. KBPX-LP was shut down on June 30, 2009, two weeks after the digital transition, due to loss of access to the tower site. However, since the main KPXB transmitter provides a signal comparable to the other Houston stations, the translator was redundant in any event. On November 22, 2010, KBPX-LP resumed operations on digital channel 46, as an affiliate of The Country Network. References External links Television channels and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerre%20Noe	Jerre Noe (February 1, 1923 – November 12, 2005) was an American computer scientist. In the 1950s, he led the technical team for the ERMA project, the Bank of America's first venture into computerized banking. In 1968 he became the first chair of the University of Washington's Computer Science Group, which later evolved into the Computer Science and Engineering Department. Early life and education Noe was born in McCloud, California. He received a Bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the University of California, Berkeley. Stationed in Europe during World War II, he conducted research and development related to radar, before returning to California to complete a Ph.D. in electrical engineering at Stanford University. Career During the 1950s, Noe served as the assistant director of Engineering at Stanford Research Institute (now SRI International), during which time he led the technical team for the Electronic Recording Machine, Accounting (ERMA) project. Noe and the ERMA team were honored by SRI in 2001 with the Weldon B. Gibson Achievement Award for their work. In 1968 he was recruited by the University of Washington to chair its newly founded Computer Science Group, a role in which he continued until 1976. Initially, this was mainly a graduate department but in 1975 it introduced a baccalaureate program. In the early 1980s, Noe directed the Eden Project, the first recipient of the National Science Foundation's Coordinated Experimental Research Program award, which brought U.W. into the first rank of Computer Science departments. Retirement After retirement from the department in 1989, Noe continued a very active life until 2005. He remained active in his department as a professor emeritus and in other aspects of his life; in his late seventies, he and his wife trekked approximately 100 miles (160 km) across the Basque Country. He was also an avid flautist, sailor and skier into his eighties. Personal life Jerre Noe married Mary Ward in 1943. They had three children: Sherill, Jeffrey and Russell. Mary Noe died of cancer in 1982. Jerre married Margarete Wöhlert in 1983. On November 12, 2005, Noe died from peritoneal mesothelioma, a rare form of cancer caused by exposure to asbestos that attacks the lining of the abdomen. He was 82 years old. References External links Obituary in The New York Times Jerre Noe at legacy.com 1923 births 2005 deaths American computer scientists University of California, Berkeley alumni Stanford University alumni University of Washington faculty Deaths from mesothelioma SRI International people
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconciling%20Ministries%20Network	The Reconciling Ministries Network (RMN) is an organization seeking the inclusion of people of all sexual orientations and gender identities in both the policy and practices of United Methodist Church. It is one of many Welcoming Congregation organizations to emerge in American Christianity in the 1980s. The ministry has over 1100 affiliated congregations and 42,000 affiliated individuals. History The group was founded in 1983 as the Reconciling Congregation Program as part of Affirmation: United Methodists for Lesbian/Gay Concerns. It was created as a system for congregations to publicly support lesbians and gay men, and welcome them to full participation in the life of the church both locally and beyond the local congregation. The group was named "Reconciling Congregations" in reference to discussion regarding the need for reconciliation between gay people and the church. In 1984, the United Methodist Church, at its General Conference, added to its Book of Discipline the statement that "no self-avowed, practicing homosexual shall be ordained or appointed in the United Methodist Church." Affirmation members gathered outside the meeting hall, inviting churches to join the Reconciling Congregations. Soon after, the first two congregations declared themselves to be part of the movement: Washington Square United Methodist Church in New York City, and Wesley United Methodist Church in Fresno, California. As the program grew, it broke away from Affirmation, becoming autonomous in 1989. The name changed to its current name in October 2000 as a recognition that the diverse ministries the program was serving went beyond congregations. RMN members have challenged United Methodist policies on same-sex relationships. After pastor Jimmy Creech officiated at a union ceremony for two lesbians, the church in 1996 forbade any same-sex commitment ceremonies to be celebrated in United Methodist churches or by United Methodist pastors. In 1999, 95 clergy officiated in a union service for Jeanne Barnett and Ellie Charlton. Later that year, Reverend Gregory Dell was tried and found guilty of violating Methodist policy in officiating at the marriage of two men in his church. In 2000, 229 members of the Reconciling Ministries and Soulforce were arrested at the United Methodist Church's General Conference. 29 more were arrested when they entered the conference floor to protest church policies regarding LGBT people. At the 2004 General Conference, some conservative Methodists proposed that the denomination split over the question of inclusion of LGBT people, a proposal which did not meet with wide approval. In 2006, the organization became active in a dispute over a pastor's right to refuse membership to an LGBT churchgoer. On February 23 through February 26, 2019, General Conference met in St. Louis, Missouri, to address the single issue of language in the Book of Discipline about human sexuality. In total, 129 Annual Conferences were represented. Of th
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chances%20%28TV%20series%29	Chances is an Australian prime time soap opera which aired from 29 January 1991 to 30 December 1992 on Nine Network. The show was initially pitched by production company Beyond International, as a straightforward drama revolving around a middle-class family whose lives are transformed when they win $3 million in the lottery. However, the network requested raunchier, more erotic storylines in the vein of Number 96 and The Box, with contractually-obligated nudity and sex scenes. Later episodes diverged considerably from the show's original premise, with increasingly bizarre plots involving man-eating plants, devil worshippers and neo-Nazi cults. The show has developed a cult following. Series history Development Chances was first made as a two-hour pilot in 1988, which remained unseen until the show's 2021 DVD release. With the exception of The Flying Doctors (1986-1993), the Nine Network had suffered a solid decade of soap opera flops that had failed to build an audience, including Taurus Rising (1982), Waterloo Station (1983), Starting Out (1983), Kings (1983), Possession (1985) and Prime Time (1986). As such, Chances was shelved in 1989, however after the network's latest soap attempt, Family and Friends (1990), was cancelled after just eight months, Chances was given the green light. Production The series was produced by Beyond International whose only previous successful works had been the program Beyond 2000. Production moved from Sydney to Melbourne, at the network studios Richmond, Victoria and some roles were recast due to the unavailability of the original actors. John Sheerin and Brenda Addie (replacing Diane Craig from the pilot) starred as Dan and Barbara Taylor, who win the lottery and begin sharing their wealth with their children, friends, parents and siblings. The series that cost $11,000.00 per episode to produce was recording losses, however the company, keen to get a stranglehold in the industry, continued producing the series despite their ill fortune. The cast includes Jeremy Sims as their mischievous son Alex (replacing Marcus Graham, who left to star in E Street on Network Ten), Natalie McCurry and Cathy Godbold as their daughters Rebecca and Nicki (replacing Mouche Phillips), Tim Robertson as Dan's brother Jack (replacing Warwick Moss), Anne Grigg as his unhappy wife Sarah, Rhys Muldoon and Leverne McDonnell as their free-spirited hairdresser son Ben (replacing Christopher Stollery) and police officer daughter Philippa, Deborah Kennedy as Dan's divorced sister Connie (replacing Sandy Gore), Mark Kounnas and Simon Grey as her sons, Chris and Sam Reynolds, Mercia Deane-Johns as Dan's vivacious hairdresser sister Sharon, Yvonne Lawley as Barbara's mother Heather and Michael Caton as Bill Anderson, Dan's best friend who smokes marijuana to ease the pain of injuries sustained in the Vietnam war. Early episodes Chances originally aired on Tuesday and Thursday evenings from 8:30pm. The pilot episode dealt with the build
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munin%20%28software%29	Munin is a free and open-source computer system monitoring, network monitoring, and infrastructure monitoring software application. Munin is written in Perl and uses RRDtool to create graphs, which are accessible over a web interface. Its emphasis is on plug and play capabilities. About 500 monitoring plugins are currently available. It is intended to make it easy to determine "what's different today" when a performance problem happens and to provide visibility into capacity and utilization of resources. History Munin was started by Jimmy Olsen late 2003, based on RRDtool by Tobi Oetiker. Development has slowed since 2005, but Munin is a stable tool and is still maintained. “Its name is derived from Norse mythology. One of the two ravens who report the news of the world to the god Odin is called Munin, and the other is named Hugin. Munin is 'memory', and Hugin is 'thought'.” Architecture Plugins Plugins are the specialized programs that are called by Munin nodes to gather and report current data, and describe how it should be presented. There are over 300 plugins in the core distribution, over 180 plugins in the official third-party contributed repository, and an unknown number of independently published plugins. They can be written in any programming or scripting language. All they are required to do is print space separated key and value pairs on standard output. This framework makes it trivial to write customized plugins. See also Comparison of network monitoring systems LAMP (software bundle) References External links Free network management software Internet Protocol based network software
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KAMR-TV	KAMR-TV (channel 4) is a television station in Amarillo, Texas, United States, affiliated with NBC. It is owned by Nexstar Media Group alongside low-power MyNetworkTV affiliate KCPN-LD (channel 33); Nexstar also provides certain services Fox affiliate KCIT (channel 14) under joint sales and shared services agreements (JSA/SSA) with Mission Broadcasting. The three stations share studios on Southeast 11th Avenue and South Fillmore Street in downtown Amarillo; KAMR-TV's transmitter is located on Dumas Drive (US 87/287) and Reclamation Plant Road in rural unincorporated Potter County. History On September 5, 1951, the Plains Radio Broadcasting Company—a subsidiary of Globe News Publishing Co. (owned by landowner and oilman Roy N. Whittenburg and civic leader Samuel "S.B." Whittenburg), then-publisher of the Amarillo Globe-News and owner of radio station KGNC (710 AM)—filed an application with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to obtain a license and construction permit to operate a commercial television station on VHF channel 4. The FCC awarded the license and permit for channel 4 to Plains Radio Broadcasting on October 8, 1953; the group subsequently requested and received approval to assign KGNC-TV (for Globe-News Company) as the television station's call letters. The station first signed on the air on March 18, 1953. KGNC-TV was the first television station to sign on in the Amarillo market, debuting two weeks before KFDA-TV (channel 10) signed on as the market's CBS affiliate on April 4. Channel 4 has been an NBC television affiliate since its debut, inheriting those rights through KGNC radio's longtime relationship with the progenitor NBC Red Network, which had been affiliated with that station since January 1937; it also maintained a secondary affiliations with the DuMont Television Network. The operations of KGNC-TV were originally located at a facility on North Polk Street and Northeast 24th Avenue in northeastern Amarillo, which it shared with KGNC radio. DuMont shut down in 1955, amid various issues that arose from its relations with Paramount that hamstrung it from expansion; that year, the station joined the NTA Film Network until that network closed in 1961. On October 8, 1966, the Globe News Publishing Company announced that it would sell KGNC-TV and its sister radio properties to Topeka, Kansas-based Stauffer Communications (a family-owned company run by Oscar S. Stauffer, Stanley H. Stauffer, John H. Stauffer and Marion W. Stauffer) for $5.6 million (split between Globe-News Publishing for $4.225 million plus a three-year non-compete agreement worth $300,000, and $1.375 million to Plains Broadcasting); the sale was approved by the FCC on January 12, 1966. The Whittenburg family retained ownership of the Globe-News. In October 1973, Stauffer announced it would sell KGNC-TV to Cannan Communications – a locally based company managed under the direction of Darrell A. Cannan, Sr. and Darrell A. Cannan, Jr. – for $2.5 million;
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CANopen	CANopen is a communication protocol and device profile specification for embedded systems used in automation. In terms of the OSI model, CANopen implements the layers above and including the network layer. The CANopen standard consists of an addressing scheme, several small communication protocols and an application layer defined by a device profile. The communication protocols have support for network management, device monitoring and communication between nodes, including a simple transport layer for message segmentation/desegmentation. The lower level protocol implementing the data link and physical layers is usually Controller Area Network (CAN), although devices using some other means of communication (such as Ethernet Powerlink, EtherCAT) can also implement the CANopen device profile. The basic CANopen device and communication profiles are given in the CiA 301 specification released by CAN in Automation. Profiles for more specialized devices are built on top of this basic profile, and are specified in numerous other standards released by CAN in Automation, such as CiA 401 for I/O-modules and CiA 402 for motion control. Device model Every CANopen device has to implement certain standard features in its controlling software. A communication unit implements the protocols for messaging with the other nodes in the network. Starting and resetting the device is controlled via a state machine. It must contain the states Initialization, Pre-operational, Operational and Stopped. The transitions between states are made by issuing a network management (NMT) communication object to the device. The object dictionary is an array of variables with a 16-bit index. Additionally, each variable can have an 8-bit subindex. The variables can be used to configure the device and reflect its environment, i.e. contain measurement data. The application part of the device actually performs the desired function of the device, after the state machine is set to the operational state. The application is configured by variables in the object dictionary and the data are sent and received through the communication layer. Object dictionary CANopen devices must have an object dictionary, which is used for configuration and communication with the device. An entry in the object dictionary is defined by: Index, the 16-bit address of the object in the dictionary Object name (Object Type/Size), a symbolic type of the object in the entry, such as an array, record, or simple variable Name, a string describing the entry Type, gives the datatype of the variable (or the datatype of all variables of an array) Attribute, which gives information on the access rights for this entry, this can be read/write, read-only or write-only The Mandatory/Optional field (M/O) defines whether a device conforming to the device specification has to implement this object or not The basic datatypes for object dictionary values such as booleans, integers and floats are defined in the standard
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buzz%21%3A%20The%20BIG%20Quiz	Buzz!: The BIG Quiz is the second in the Buzz! series of PlayStation 2 games developed by Relentless Software. Initial promotional material had it named Buzz! The Uber Quiz, however Sony Computer Entertainment Europe announced the change upon the game's launch. The format is essentially that of the original: Buzz!: The Music Quiz. However, The Big Quiz covers an extensive range of general knowledge questions, including geography, history, sport, television, movies, as well as music. Like Buzz!: The Music Quiz, Buzz!: The Big Quiz was released for the PlayStation 2 exclusively in Europe. The Big Quiz was released in the UK on 17 March 2006. In the same year it won a BAFTA for best casual and social game. Rounds Multiplayer Point Builder - Select an answer from four options. Snap - Select an answer from options that appear on the screen in a random order. You lose points in this round for a wrong answer. Fastest Finger – You score more points for being the fastest person to answer. Pass the Bomb – Answer a question correctly to pass the bomb. The person holding the bomb when it goes off loses points. Ask A Friend – New to Buzz!, this round gets each player to nominate a friend to answer the question for them. If they choose wisely both will receive points but if they nominate someone not-in-the-know then both will suffer. Hitman – New to Buzz!, this round sees the players fighting each other for a chance to obtain a gun and shoot at an opponent of their choice. The last player standing gets the most points. Point Stealer – Players must buzz when the correct answer appears on the screen. Correctly answering the question allows you to choose a player to steal points from. Look Before You Leap – The question and answers are revealed slowly. Players buzz in and choose an answer when they know it. Single player Time Builder – Answer questions as fast as you can to earn time, which will be used for the next round. Hot Seat – Use the total time you earned to answer questions. Try to earn as many points as you can. Reception The PlayStation 2 version of The BIG Quiz received a "Platinum" sales award from the Entertainment and Leisure Software Publishers Association (ELSPA), indicating sales of at least 300,000 copies in the United Kingdom. References External links www.buzzthegame.com – Official website Sleepydog Ltd Relentless Software Buzz!: The Big Quiz at GameSpot.com 2006 video games PlayStation 2 games PlayStation 2-only games Europe-exclusive video games Buzz! Video games developed in the United Kingdom Multiplayer and single-player video games BAFTA winners (video games) Relentless Software games Sony Interactive Entertainment games
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warren%20St.%20John	Warren St. John is an American author and journalist. He was a reporter at The New York Times from 2002 to 2008 and is now the President of Patch, the hyperlocal news network that was formerly part of AOL. St. John is the author of the National Bestseller Rammer Jammer Yellow Hammer: A Road Trip into the Heart of Fan Mania. The book explores the phenomenon of sports fandom and chronicles the Alabama Crimson Tide's 1999 season by following the team in a recreational vehicle, telling the stories of extremely devoted fans he met during the season. Rammer Jammer Yellow Hammer was named one of Sports Illustrated's best books of the year in 2004, and it ranked number one on The Chronicle of Higher Education's list of the best books ever written about collegiate athletics. "Rammer Jammer Yellow Hammer" was optioned for film in 2009 by the Los Angeles-based production company Half Shell Entertainment. St. John's second book, Outcasts United: An American Town, A Refugee Team and One Woman's Quest to Make a Difference, was published in the U.S. on April 21, 2009, by Spiegel & Grau, a division of Random House, and subsequently in the U.K., The Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Japan and China. The book tells the story of Clarkston, Georgia, a southern town that became a center for refugee resettlement, through the lens of a soccer team of refugee boys called "the Fugees." The book explores the difficulties the team and town face as people from a range of ethnic and cultural backgrounds are forced to live and work together. The book and St. John's 2007 article for The New York Times about the team, "The Fugees: Adjusting to America; Outcasts United," were optioned for a motion picture by Universal Studios. At The Times, St. John was principally a feature writer. In 2005, he introduced the term "metrosexual" into widespread usage through a Times piece headlined "Metrosexuals Come Out." In 2006, St. John played a major role in the JT LeRoy hoax, publicly identifying both the actress who portrayed the author during public appearances (Savannah Knoop) and the actual writer of LeRoy's works (Laura Albert). St. John frequently writes about the impact of technology on social behavior, and has written for The New Yorker, Slate, the New York Observer, and Wired. St. John was born in Birmingham, Alabama, and attended The Altamont School. He graduated from Columbia University in 1991. References External links Website for Rammer Jammer Yellow Hammer: www.rammerjammeryellowhammer.com Website for Outcasts United: A Refugee Team, An American Town: www.outcastsunited.com New York Times article on The Fugees: New York Times article Clarkston’s refugee soccer team scores in Outcasts United Twitter page for Warren St. John Living people American male journalists Columbia College (New York) alumni The New York Times writers Writers from Birmingham, Alabama Journalists from Alabama Year of birth missing (living people)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasploit	The Metasploit Project is a computer security project that provides information about security vulnerabilities and aids in penetration testing and IDS signature development. It is owned by Boston, Massachusetts-based security company Rapid7. Its best-known sub-project is the open-source Metasploit Framework, a tool for developing and executing exploit code against a remote target machine. Other important sub-projects include the Opcode Database, shellcode archive and related research. The Metasploit Project includes anti-forensic and evasion tools, some of which are built into the Metasploit Framework. Metasploit is pre-installed in the Kali Linux operating system. History Metasploit was created by H. D. Moore in 2003 as a portable network tool using Perl. By 2007, the Metasploit Framework had been completely rewritten in Ruby. On October 21, 2009, the Metasploit Project announced that it had been acquired by Rapid7, a security company that provides unified vulnerability management solutions. Like comparable commercial products such as Immunity's Canvas or Core Security Technologies' Core Impact, Metasploit can be used to test the vulnerability of computer systems or to break into remote systems. Like many information security tools, Metasploit can be used for both legitimate and unauthorized activities. Since the acquisition of the Metasploit Framework, Rapid7 has added an open core proprietary edition called Metasploit Pro. Metasploit's emerging position as the de facto exploit development framework led to the release of software vulnerability advisories often accompanied by a third party Metasploit exploit module that highlights the exploitability, risk and remediation of that particular bug. Metasploit 3.0 began to include fuzzing tools, used to discover software vulnerabilities, rather than just exploits for known bugs. This avenue can be seen with the integration of the lorcon wireless (802.11) toolset into Metasploit 3.0 in November 2006. Framework The basic steps for exploiting a system using the Framework include. Optionally checking whether the intended target system is vulnerable to an exploit. Choosing and configuring an exploit (code that enters a target system by taking advantage of one of its bugs; about 900 different exploits for Windows, Unix/Linux and macOS systems are included). Choosing and configuring a payload (code that will be executed on the target system upon successful entry; for instance, a remote shell or a VNC server). Metasploit often recommends a payload that should work. Choosing the encoding technique so that hexadecimal opcodes known as "bad characters" are removed from the payload, these characters will cause the exploit to fail. Executing the exploit. This modular approach – allowing the combination of any exploit with any payload – is the major advantage of the Framework. It facilitates the tasks of attackers, exploit writers and payload writers. Metasploit runs on Unix (including Linux and ma
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstitial%20television%20show	In television programming, an interstitial television show (or wraparound program or wraparound segment) refers to a short program that is often shown between movies or other events, e.g. cast interviews after movies on premium channels. The term can also refer to a narrative bridge between segments within a program, such as the live action introductions to the animated segments in the Disney films Fantasia and Fantasia 2000, or the Simpson family's interludes during their annual Treehouse of Horror episodes. Sometimes, if a program finishes earlier than expected, a short extra program may be inserted in the schedule to fill the time until the next scheduled program is due to start. American cable channel TBS commonly aired TV's Bloopers & Practical Jokes after shorter-than-average Braves games. For U.S. telecasts of the film The Wizard of Oz between 1959 and 1968, celebrity hosts appeared in wraparound segments. Opening credits especially designed by the network were shown in CBS's own format, followed by the host's first appearance, in which he made comments (often humorous, though never derogatory) about the film. Immediately following this, and without a commercial pause, the film itself would begin with all of its original 1939 opening credits. Halfway through the picture, the host would reappear and introduce the second half of the film. When the film ended, however, its closing credits would not be shown in their original format. Instead, the host would appear once more, bid farewell to the viewing audience, and the closing credits would be shown in CBS's own format. Among the notable interstitial programs shown between or during Saturday morning cartoons in the United States were In the News, shown on CBS starting in 1971, and Schoolhouse Rock!, shown on ABC starting in 1973. Raidió Teilifís Éireann in the Republic of Ireland used a variety of material as interstitials; often animation, including Roger Mainwood's video of Kraftwerk's hit "Autobahn", Halas and Batchelor shorts, and stop-motion Soviet cartoons; also rhythmic gymnastics performances, instrumental music, or sometimes simply a test card. Japanese public broadcasting organization NHK's Minna no Uta is something of a national institution, commissioning makers of usually animated films and famous or upcoming music acts to collaborate on exclusive music videos used to plug schedule gaps in lieu of advertisements. In Canada, short film series such as Canada Vignettes, Hinterland Who's Who, and Heritage Minutes were often used on CBC Television and other broadcasters. In Australia, it is common for the Australia Broadcasting corporation (ABC) to play these, as the ABC is government-funded and doesn't need as much time for commercial breaks. This means that TV shows made for commercial networks finish earlier and not on the hour. See also Bumper (broadcasting) Dead air Flow (television) Segue References External links Television terminology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Call%20graph	A call graph (also known as a call multigraph) is a control-flow graph, which represents calling relationships between subroutines in a computer program. Each node represents a procedure and each edge (f, g) indicates that procedure f calls procedure g. Thus, a cycle in the graph indicates recursive procedure calls. Basic concepts Call graphs can be dynamic or static. A dynamic call graph is a record of an execution of the program, for example as output by a profiler. Thus, a dynamic call graph can be exact, but only describes one run of the program. A static call graph is a call graph intended to represent every possible run of the program. The exact static call graph is an undecidable problem, so static call graph algorithms are generally overapproximations. That is, every call relationship that occurs is represented in the graph, and possibly also some call relationships that would never occur in actual runs of the program. Call graphs can be defined to represent varying degrees of precision. A more precise call graph more precisely approximates the behavior of the real program, at the cost of taking longer to compute and more memory to store. The most precise call graph is fully context-sensitive, which means that for each procedure, the graph contains a separate node for each call stack that procedure can be activated with. A fully context-sensitive call graph is called a calling context tree. This can be computed dynamically easily, although it may take up a large amount of memory. Calling context trees are usually not computed statically, because it would take too long for a large program. The least precise call graph is context-insensitive, which means that there is only one node for each procedure. With languages that feature dynamic dispatch (i.e. Java or C++), first-class functions (i.e. Python or Racket), or function pointers (i.e. C), computing a static call graph precisely requires alias analysis results. Conversely, computing precise aliasing requires a call graph. Many static analysis systems solve the apparent infinite regress by computing both simultaneously. Usages Call graphs can be used in different ways. One simple application of call graphs is finding procedures that are never called. Call graphs can act as documentation for humans to understand programs. Call graphs can also be used to detect anomalies of program execution or code injection attacks. Software Free software call graph generators Run-time call graph (most of tools listed are profilers with call graph functionality) gprof : included in BSD or part of the GNU Binary Utilities callgrind : part of Valgrind KCachegrind : powerful tool to generate and analyze call graphs based on data generated by callgrind Mac OS X Activity Monitor : Apple GUI process monitor Activity Monitor has a built-in call graph generator that can sample processes and return a call graph. This function is only available in Mac OS X Leopard OpenPAT : includes the control_fl
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Association%20of%20Landscape%20Professionals	The National Association of Landscape Professionals, formerly known as the Professional Landcare Network (PLANET), is a professional body for lawn care professionals, landscape management professionals (exterior maintenance contractors), design/build/installation professionals, and interior plantscapers. The organization represents more than 100,000 landscape industry professionals, mainly in the United States. History The Associated Landscape Contractors of America (ALCA) was founded in 1961. In collaboration with NASA, the ALCA sponsored the NASA Clean Air Study, which was published in 1989. After the study was published, the ALCA formed the Foliage for Clean Air Council, later renamed the Plants for Clean Air Council (PCAC), a nonprofit that promoted the use of plants in homes and offices. PCAC was dissolved in 2000 due to lack of funding. In 1993, the ALCA established the Certified Landscape Professional (CLP) credential, which was later expanded into what is now the Landscape Industry Certified program. The Professional Lawn Care Association of America (PLCAA) was founded in 1979. PLANET was formed on January 1, 2005, when the ALCA and the PLCAA merged. It was then rebranded as the National Association of Landscape Professionals on April 1, 2015. Courses and Certification Landscape Industry Certified is a broad but powerful distinction for individuals who have taken their experience, skills and desire for excellence to the next level by studying, testing and becoming certified. They stay on top of their game by maintaining their certification every two years through recertification. CERTIFICATIONS OFFERED Landscape Technician Certification (offered in English and Spanish) The Landscape Industry Certified Technician certification is designed for experienced and knowledgeable technicians working in softscape or hardscape installation, maintenance and/or irrigation. Business Manager Certification The Landscape Industry Certified Business Manager certification is designed for experienced and knowledgeable landscape business owners or managers, or those on the management fast-track. RETIRED CERTIFICATIONS Horticulture Technician Certification, Lawn Care Technician Certification, Interior Technician Certification, and Lawn Care Manager Certification (now offered as the Principles of Turfgrass Management certificate course) ONLINE CERTIFICATE COURSES OFFERED Landscape Management Certificate The Landscape Management Certificate Program foundational education in the areas of landscape installation services, irrigation, landscape maintenance and fundamentals. The coursework may be taken separately (1 specialty + Fundamentals) or as a bundle (3 specialty + Fundamentals). Principles of Turfgrass Management Certificate In a partnership between NALP and the University of Georgia, lawn care and turfgrass professionals can enroll in the Principles of Turfgrass Management Certificate Program (formerly called the Lawn Care Manager Certificatio
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberpunk%20%28album%29	Cyberpunk is the fifth studio album by English rock musician Billy Idol, released on 29 June 1993 by Chrysalis Records. A concept album, it was inspired by his personal interest in technology and his first attempts to use computers in the creation of his music. Idol based the album on the cyberdelic subculture of the late 1980s and early 1990s. Heavily experimental in its style, the album was an attempt to take control of the creative process in the production of his albums, while simultaneously introducing Idol's fans and other musicians to the opportunities presented by digital media. The album featured a cyberpunk-styled narrative, as well as synthesised vocals and industrial influences. Despite its critical and commercial failure, Billy Idol set several precedents in the process of promoting the album. These included his use of the Internet, e-mail, virtual communities, and multimedia software, each a first for a mainstream celebrity. Idol also based his fashion style, music videos, and stage shows on cyberpunk themes and aesthetics. Released to negative reviews, Cyberpunk polarised internet communities of the time, with detractors viewing it as an act of cooptation and opportunistic commercialisation. It was also seen as part of a process that saw the overuse of the term "cyberpunk" until it lost its original meaning. Alternatively, supporters saw Idol's efforts as harmless and well-intentioned, and were encouraged by his new interest in cyberculture. Background During the release of 1990's Charmed Life, Idol suffered a broken leg in a motorcycle accident. While in recovery, he was interviewed by Legs McNeil. McNeil noticed the electronic muscle stimulator on Idol's leg and referred to him as a "cyberpunk", citing the cyborg qualities of his appearance. This led to Idol taking a serious interest in the works of William Gibson for the first time, although he had read Neuromancer in the mid-'80s. In the following months, Idol continued to investigate cyberpunk fiction and technology. He also read Neal Stephenson's Snow Crash, works by Robert Anton Wilson, and others. At approximately the same time, he began to work with Trevor Rabin to create his music, having parted ways with his former producer, Keith Forsey. Rabin introduced Idol to his home studio, which was centralised around Rabin's Macintosh computer and music software. The ability to personally produce music from his home, rather than at a professional studio, appealed to Idol's "do it yourself" ethic. He felt that working through a team of producers and sound engineers cut into his personal vision for previous albums, and was interested in being more directly in control of his future work. Idol asked his producer, Robin Hancock, to educate himself and his guitarist, Mark Younger-Smith, on the use of software for musical production. With his increasing exposure to technology and science fiction, Idol decided to base his upcoming album on the cyberpunk genre, and quickly set about
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solaris%20IP%20network%20multipathing	The IP network multipathing or IPMP is a facility provided by Solaris to provide fault-tolerance and load spreading for network interface cards (NICs). With IPMP, two or more NICs are dedicated for each network to which the host connects. Each interface can be assigned a static "test" IP address, which is used to assess the operational state of the interface. Each virtual IP address is assigned to an interface, though there may be more interfaces than virtual IP addresses, some of the interfaces being purely for standby purposes. When the failure of an interface is detected its virtual IP addresses are swapped to an operational interface in the group. The IPMP load spreading feature increases the machine's bandwidth by spreading the outbound load between all the cards in the same IPMP group. in.mpathd is the daemon in the Solaris OS responsible for IPMP functionality. See also Multihoming Multipath routing Multipath TCP Common Address Redundancy Protocol External links Enterprise Networking Article, February 2, 2006 Introducing IPMP - Oracle Solaris 11 IPMP section from Sun Solaris 10 System Administration Guide Networking standards Sun Microsystems software
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DWRK	DWRK (96.3 FM), broadcasting as 96.3 Easy Rock, is a radio station owned and operated by Manila Broadcasting Company. It serves as the flagship station of Easy Rock Network. The station's studio is located at the MBC Building, Star City, Vicente Sotto St., CCP Complex, Roxas Boulevard, Pasay, and its transmitter facilities are located at the BSA Twin Towers, Bank Drive, Ortigas Center, Mandaluyong, sharing the same site with sister stations 90.7 Love Radio and 101.1 Yes The Best. As of Q4 2022, 96.3 Easy Rock is the 6th most-listened to FM radio station (and #1 among easy-listening music stations) in Metro Manila, based on a survey commissioned by Kantar Media Philippines and Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster ng Pilipinas. History 1980–1988: Real Radio ACWS-United Broadcasting Network established the station in 1972 as a simulcast of 940 kHz. On February 4, 1980, It became an originating station as RK96 Real Radio and changed its callsign to DWRK. Headed by Mike Pedero, it aired a Lite Rock format. Back then, its studios were located at the FEMS Tower 1 in San Andres, Manila. In 1986, Mike Pedero left the station after six years and transferred to Citylite 88.3 (now Jam 88.3). 1988–2009: WRocK On October 15, 1988, the station rebranded as 96.3 WRocK and switched to a Soft AC format, adding love songs to its lite rock playlist. During the 1990s, it had a copyright infringement with 103.5 K-Lite with its use of the stinger "it's the true light rock" and "light rock with a kick". During the 2000s, it began hosting events headlined by DJs Cherry Bayle (now with Radyo5) and Dylan Thomas. On October 6, 2008, the Manila Broadcasting Company acquired the station from ACWS-UBN for . Except for the acquisition price, further terms were not disclosed. 2009–present: Easy Rock On October 26, 2008, the original WRocK transferred its operations online. Despite the move, MBC opted to retain the branding for the meantime. This was MBC's first venture into class upscale market. In December 2008, after a few weeks of automation, the station introduced a new set of DJs. On May 18, 2009, DWRK rebranded as Easy Rock, ending almost 21 years of broadcasting under the WRocK brand to reflect the change. Most of its programming was similar to the one of WRock. On October 2, 2019, the main studios of 96.3 Easy Rock at the MBC Building, CCP Complex in Pasay, along with its sister MBC Manila radio stations, were affected by a major fire that originated in the nearby Star City theme park. In interim, Easy Rock broadcast from its backup studio in BSA Twin Towers in Mandaluyong, where its transmitter is located. On November 15, 2021, after a two-year hiatus, the MBC stations returned to the newly renovated MBC Building inside the Star City complex, which was still under rehabilitation and reconstruction. At the same day, MBC relaunched its new corporate slogan, Sama-Sama Tayo, Pilipino! (lit. We are all Filipinos!) along with the new logos of all MBC radio stations. Theme m
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vant	Vant may refer to: Vant (band), British punk band Neil Vant, Canadian clergyman and politician Turmite, a Turing machine in computer science in India, the title for a high rank amongst the ennobled Hindu retainers of the Nizam of Hyderabad, equivalent to the Muslim nobiliary title Molk See also Vantaa
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/When%20Gravity%20Fails	When Gravity Fails is a cyberpunk science fiction novel by American writer George Alec Effinger, published in 1986. It was nominated for the Nebula Award for Best Novel in 1987 and the Hugo Award for Best Novel in 1988. The title is taken from "Just Like Tom Thumb's Blues", a song by Bob Dylan: "When your gravity fails and negativity don't pull you through". Taking place in a futuristic Middle-Eastern setting, the series reverses some of the usual expectations of a future world order by painting the West in decline while Muslim countries seem to prosper. The book's other main themes are the effects of drug use and alternate personality technologies, as well as the personal interactions and increasing isolation of a flawed protagonist. It is the first book in Effinger's Marîd Audran series, named after the protagonist, and was followed by A Fire in the Sun in 1989 and The Exile Kiss in 1991. Effinger started work on a fourth Audran novel, Word of Night, but died before that work was completed. The existing chapters of Word of Night are now available in the posthumously published Budayeen Nights, along with some other Budayeen and non-Budayeen short stories. Setting Middle-East Effinger's novel, set near the end of the 22nd Century, describes an ascendant Arabic/Muslim world, where the West has been in decline for at least a century. The United States, Europe and the Soviet Union are described as having fractured into many small states, squabbling amongst themselves for remnants of former glory, with their citizens often described as visiting the unnamed city of the novel's setting as bumbling, naive tourists in awe at the wonders of the Muslim world. Later stories relate that the Muslim world itself is fractured politically, and that a major character in the series frequently manipulates political events in the Muslim world to enhance his own fortune and personal power. The Islamic World shows much of the elements commonly associated with it, such as religious faith, intricate rituals of conduct and relationship, and tensions between ethnic groups. Protagonist The novel is told from the perspective of Marîd Audran, a young man from low origins (coming from the Maghreb, and being the son of an Algerian prostitute and a Frenchman), who is a small-scale operator and hustler in the Budayeen, the entertainment and criminal quarter of an unnamed Middle-Eastern city, probably somewhere in the Levant, based on several geographical references to other countries around the region. Audran considers himself a freelance operator and is fiercely proud of his independence, both from others (including Friedlander Bey, the shadowy, paternalistic crime figure overseeing most of the Budayeen's business interests) and from cybernetic modification. Where most others have their brain "wired", for work or play, Audran's almost superstitious dread of this modification has prevented him from doing the same, and so he cannot use "daddies" (from "add-ons", softwa
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeshift%20channel	A timeshift channel (sometimes referred to as a +1 channel) is a television channel carrying time-delayed reruns of its "parent" channel's programming. This channel runs alongside their parent: the term "timeshift" does not refer to a network broadcasting at a later time to reflect a local time zone, unless the parent is also available. Often the timeshift channel's branding and advertising will be the same as that of the parent, with the channel number and respective timing being the only distinction between the two, but some, such as Channel 4 +1 in the United Kingdom and TVNZ 1+1 in New Zealand, will overlay a different digital on-screen graphic to distinguish the two channels. A few channels, like Film4 +1 in the United Kingdom, do not carry a digital on-screen graphic on its regular channel or its timeshift channel. Australia In Australia, timeshifted Foxtel pay-TV channels typically carry a time delay of two hours, making the timeshift channels run on local time in Western Australia when daylight saving time is not in effect. These channels may accordingly be described as +2, such as on Arena, although the timeshift for W. is branded as W2. More than 20 timeshift channels exist, most of the entertainment channels. New Zealand In New Zealand, Sky Movies 2 was formerly a two-hour delayed timeshift channel of Sky Movies 1 between 2007 and 2013. MediaWorks launched an hour-delayed timeshift channel of the TV3 feed with Auckland regional advertising on 30 March 2009. In 2012, TVNZ replaced TVNZ7 with an hour-delayed timeshift channel of the TVNZ 1 feed with Auckland regional advertising. In late August 2013, U was also replaced, with an hour-delayed timeshifted version of TV2. Mediaworks launched an hour-delayed timeshifted version of Four on 27 June 2014 and replaced it with an hour-delayed timeshifted version of Bravo on 3 July 2016. Sky Television launched an hour-delayed timeshifted version of Prime on 1 February 2017. On 1 July 2019, MediaWorks launched an hour-delayed timeshift version of ThreeLife, replacing The Edge TV which went online only. Europe Bulgaria In Bulgaria, the terrestrial versions of bTV Lady, Ring BG, and Diema Family are shifted by an hour, with the normal versions only available on cable and satellite. Ireland Ireland has access to many of the UK's timeshift channels through satellite and cable services. Some are also available via spillover transmissions from Northern Ireland such as UTV's timeshift service UTV +1. RTÉ provides a part-time timeshift service for RTÉ One, RTÉ One +1 starts each night at 7 p.m. after the close of RTÉjr. TV3 launched its timeshift service in April 2015. TG4 (the Irish language broadcaster) is considering a timeshift channel. In 2019 RTÉ Two +1 has also launched. Italy In Italy the main Timeshift channels provider is Sky and most of their channels have a time delay of one hour. In the past, some channels like Sky Uno, Fox and Fox Crime had two-hours delay channels but all of them
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scout%20Network	The Scout Network is the sixth and final youth section of The Scout Association in the United Kingdom, catering for those aged between 18 and 25 years. The section was formally introduced in February 2002 alongside Explorer Scouts with both replacing the former Venture Scouts section for fifteen-and-a-half- to twenty-year-olds. Its programme is structured differently from the other sections, focusing on achieving the top awards of the section, such as the Queen's Scout award rather than other badges. It is largely self run by the members of the section, as opposed to being led by a team of adult leaders. History Trials: 1994-2001 Scout Network was created as a result of the Scout Association's Programme Review that began in 1995. Throughout the 1990s, the Scout Association had been losing 30,000 members each year and so a new programme was developed to be implemented in the new millennium. A working group looking into a possible provision for 18-25 year olds was established in September 1994 and ran until November 1995 when it was dispanded and its findings used to create a second working group which put those plans into action. Running from 1996 until 1998, this second working group, and the subsequent year long trial afterwards, created a blueprint for a new section that would "comprise a collection of motivated individuals, willing to initiate and participate in activities and opportunities created or accessed by themselves" called "The Scout Network" and run nationally. The outcome of these trials was that the section was of great benefit, especially for enabling social interaction between members who had other roles within Scouting either as leaders or Venture Scouts, but that the proposed 'choices' programme did not work in practice and that to initiate activities and "achieve interaction between members" smaller groups would be needed rather than a national structure. Many of their recommendations would form part of the eventual Scout Network section and the structure it would take. Some of the national members involved in the project would go on to have prominent roles within the Scout Association; Tim Kidd was the National Co-ordinator of The Scout Network and is, as of 2020, the UK Chief Commissioner of the Scout Association while Craig Turpie, formerly the National Communications Manager for The Scout Network, is currently, as of 2020, Chairman to the World Scout Committee. Launch The new section was officially launched in February 2002 with all Venture Scout Units switching to the new system by December 2003. The section originally formed part of the Scout County, with responsibility for the Network coming from there, and its members were every member of The Scout Association in the section's age range of 18 to 25 years. The Network would therefore include normal youth members as well as leaders, skills instructors and members of the Scout Fellowship, providing a social base for all members of that age, although no meeting was ma
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pig%20Sty	Pig Sty is an American sitcom that aired on UPN during the network's first season. The series premiered on January 23, 1995, ran on Monday nights, after Star Trek: Voyager and Platypus Man, and was cancelled after 13 episodes on May 15, 1995. Pig Sty was produced by Paramount Network Television. Premise The show was about five male roommates sharing an apartment in New York City, and their female superintendent. Cast Brian McNamara as Randy Fitzgerald – Randy was a struggling writer who supported himself by tending bar. He was often frustrated by his inability to sell a single story. Randy also had an unrequited crush on the building's superintendent, Tess. Matthew Borlenghi as Johnny Barzano – Johnny was a young assistant district attorney. In the pilot, Johnny was engaged and moving out, forcing the others to find a fourth person to split the rent with. However, Johnny decided that his fiancée was too "clingy," called off the engagement, and tried to move back into the apartment. It was Randy who came up with the plan that would enable five guys to share a two-bedroom apartment. Timothy Fall as P.J. Morris – P.J. wanted to be a songwriter, however, he never sold any of his songs and, in fact, lived off a large trust fund. P.J. was often ridiculed by Randy for being a "trust fund baby". Every few months he would have dinner with his father to discuss his going into the family business, but P.J. always refused. His family obtained its wealth from the tobacco industry, thus P.J.'s name can be seen as a pun on the Philip J. Morris Company. David Arnott as Cal Evans – Cal was an unscrupulous advertising executive. He was known for having slovenly personal habits and for his love of smoking cigars. When Johnny tried to move back in, the other roommates initially tried to force out Cal because of his bad habits. However, Cal revealed that he had secretly put his name on the lease to prevent them from kicking him out. So instead, the group decided that Cal should move into the walk-in closet with P.J.'s dog. Cal graduated from college with a 1.0 GPA. He claimed that his favorite holidays were New Year's Day and St. Patrick's Day, because he liked to get girls really drunk so that they would have pity sex with him. Sean O'Bryan as Joe "Iowa" Dantley – Joe was a doctor and a transplanted Iowan starting his residency at a New York hospital. He was only called Joe in the pilot episode; afterwards the guys all referred to him by the nickname "Iowa." He was originally supposed to be the fourth roommate when Johnny moved out. However, when Johnny wanted to come back a deal had to be reached to accommodate the situation. Liz Vassey as Tess Gallaway – Tess was a struggling actress who worked as the building superintendent while waiting for her acting career to take off. Randy would regularly break things in the apartment so that Tess would have to come up and repair them. In one episode Randy got Iowa to take some lab mice from the hospital, forcing
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Watcher%20%281995%20TV%20series%29	The Watcher is an American anthology drama series created by Christopher Crowe that premiered on UPN on January 17, 1995 and ended on June 7, 1995, during the network's inaugural season. The series aired Tuesday night at 9:00 p.m Eastern time. Synopsis Set in Las Vegas, the series stars rapper Sir Mix-a-Lot as "The Watcher", an omniscient narrator who watches the activities of others all throughout the city of Las Vegas via all the monitors in his suite at the Riviera Hotel which are filming live from the hidden cameras all throughout the city. The Watcher also starred Bobbie Phillips as Lori Danforth, a limo driver. The Watcher was one of five series that aired on UPN during its first year, joining other drama series Star Trek: Voyager and Marker and the sitcoms Pig Sty and Platypus Man. Like the latter three series, it was canceled following its one and only season. Guest stars Guest stars include comedian and Howard Stern Show regular Jackie "The Jokeman" Martling, Max Wright, and comedians Gilbert Gottfried and D.L. Hughley, as well as the band Cheap Trick. Episodes References External links 1995 American television series debuts 1995 American television series endings 1990s American anthology television series English-language television shows Television series by CBS Studios Television series created by Christopher Crowe (screenwriter) Television shows set in the Las Vegas Valley UPN original programming
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume%20ray%20casting	Volume ray casting, sometimes called volumetric ray casting, volumetric ray tracing, or volume ray marching, is an image-based volume rendering technique. It computes 2D images from 3D volumetric data sets (3D scalar fields). Volume ray casting, which processes volume data, must not be mistaken with ray casting in the sense used in ray tracing, which processes surface data. In the volumetric variant, the computation doesn't stop at the surface but "pushes through" the object, sampling the object along the ray. Unlike ray tracing, volume ray casting does not spawn secondary rays. When the context/application is clear, some authors simply call it ray casting. Because ray marching does not necessarily require an exact solution to ray intersection and collisions, it is suitable for real time computing for many applications for which ray tracing is unsuitable. Classification The technique of volume ray casting can be derived directly from the rendering equation. It provides results of very high quality rendering. Volume ray casting is classified as an image-based volume rendering technique, as the computation emanates from the output image and not the input volume data, as is the case with object-based techniques. Basic algorithm In its basic form, the volume ray casting algorithm comprises four steps: Ray casting. For each pixel of the final image, a ray of sight is shot ("cast") through the volume. At this stage it is useful to consider the volume being touched and enclosed within a bounding primitive, a simple geometric object — usually a cuboid — that is used to intersect the ray of sight and the volume. Sampling. Along the part of the ray of sight that lies within the volume, equidistant sampling points or samples are selected. In general, the volume is not aligned with the ray of sight, and sampling points will usually be located in between voxels. Because of that, it is necessary to interpolate the values of the samples from its surrounding voxels (commonly using trilinear interpolation). Shading. For each sampling point, a transfer function retrieves an RGBA material colour and a gradient of illumination values is computed. The gradient represents the orientation of local surfaces within the volume. The samples are then shaded (i.e. coloured and lit) according to their surface orientation and the location of the light source in the scene. Compositing. After all sampling points have been shaded, they are composited along the ray of sight, resulting in the final colour value for the pixel that is currently being processed. The composition is derived directly from the rendering equation and is similar to blending acetate sheets on an overhead projector. It may work back-to-front, i.e. computation starts with the sample farthest from the viewer and ends with the one nearest to the viewer. This work flow direction ensures that masked parts of the volume do not affect the resulting pixel. The front-to-back order could be more computationall
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%3F	Y? was an educational children's science program shown on the Nine Network in Australia. It was produced by Southern Star Endemol between 1999 and 2002. Each episode ran for 22 minutes. A total of five seasons were recorded. Each season was 65 episodes long. Season 1 was hosted by Joanne Nova with Alanna Edwards and seasons 2 to 5 were hosted by Tara Colegrave and 'science host' David Lampard. The show featured in-studio science experiments. In season 1 these were presented by Nova but in later seasons these were presented by Lampard (and occasionally by Colegrave). The program was interspersed with external segments where other presenters go to forests, factories, etc. and explain practical science phenomena, usually based upon questions sent in by viewers. The presenters included Brad Hills, Kristy Mollica, Joseph May, Lisa Barry and Taryn Onafaro. The show was in many ways similar to The Curiosity Show, which ran many years earlier. However, the hosts of Y? were charismatic younger adults, compared with the older academic Prof. Rob Morrison and Dr. Deane Hutton who hosted the earlier counterpart, making Y? inherently more appealing to children. Y? did not labour to "dumb down" the science content of its experiments and explanations, aiming its explanations at a late-primary school audience with above average intelligence. It endeavoured to respond to questions sent in by children, such as "How do radio stations broadcast to all our radios in our cars or in our houses?" and "Where do flies go at night?" References External links Science education television series Australian children's education television series Nine Network original programming 1999 Australian television series debuts 2002 Australian television series endings Television series by Endemol Australia Television series by Endemol
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AVM%20GmbH	AVM is a consumer electronics company founded in 1986 in Berlin, Germany. The company produces communications, networking devices such as DSL, ISDN, Wireless and VoIP products. It had sales of €620 million in 2022 with 880 employees achieving an estimated profit between €80 and €90 million. It is well known for its popular FRITZ!Box series. Products AVM is the most popular producer for consumer and home networking products in Germany. The company has a share of around 50 percent of the German market for routers for private users. It sells DSL and Cable routers, WLAN and other networking products: FRITZ!Box – Home networking for DSL, cable, FTTH and LTE. FRITZ!Fon – HD telephony, Internet services and music for the FRITZ!Box. FRITZ!WLAN – Range extender and USB WLAN sticks. FRITZ!DECT – Smart home appliances FRITZ!Powerline – FRITZ!Powerline expands home networking via the existing power supply. FRITZ!Apps – Applications for smartphones for the FRITZ! range of products. FRITZ!Card – Internal ISDN card for the PCI slot. History The company was founded in 1986 by four students: Johannes Nill, Peter Faxel, Ulrich Müller-Albring and Jörg-Detlef Gebert. AVM sold its first ISDN card in 1989 for 4.300 D-Mark (2.150 Euro) to larger businesses. The company's breakthrough came in 1995 with the introduction of the FRITZ!-brand and the FRITZ!Card, an ISDN card for PCs. The name Fritz was chosen "because a non-technical name has been sought which should indicate winking German workmanship abroad." AVM's market share for ISDN cards grew continuously to a peak of over 80 percent in 2004. At CeBIT 2004 AVM introduced the first FRITZ!Box, a combination of DSL modem and router, later with Wi-Fi and integrated PBX. Published in 2007, the FRITZ!Box Fon WLAN 7270 was seen as innovative by supporting WLAN Draft-N (IEEE 802.11n) and containing a DECT base station and a media server. According to market research firm IDC (2007), AVM had a market share in CPE-Equipment of 60 percent in Germany and 18 percent in Europe. In recent years, AVM is also engaging in the field of home automation and smart home. The "AVM" in the company name is the acronym for "Audio Visual marketing" and refers to the company's beginnings as BTX service. See also List of VOIP companies References External links Electronics companies of Germany Manufacturing companies based in Berlin Networking hardware companies German companies established in 1986 VoIP companies of Germany Wireless networking hardware 1986 establishments in West Germany German brands
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20GTV%20%28Philippine%20TV%20network%29%20original%20programming	GTV (formerly known as QTV, Q and GMA News TV) is a commercial broadcast television network in the Philippines owned by Citynet Network Marketing and Production Inc, a subsidiary of GMA Network Inc. The following is a list of all original television programming by QTV, Q, GMA News TV and GTV. Current original programming Note: Titles are listed in alphabetical order followed by the year it debuted in parentheses. News Balita Ko Dobol B TV GMA Integrated News Bulletin Regional TV News State of the Nation News magazine Dapat Alam Mo! Good News Kasama si Vicky Morales iJuander Documentary / magazine Biyahe ni Drew Brigada Informative Farm to Table Konsyumer at Iba Pa! Pinas Sarap Pinoy M.D. Sports NCAA Philippines Film presentation Afternoon Movie Break G! Flicks Regal Treasures Viva Movie Classics Former original programming Note: Titles are listed in alphabetical order followed by the year of debut in parentheses. News Balitanghali Balitanghali Weekend Balita Pilipinas Ngayon Balita Pilipinas Primetime Boses ng Balita Bigtime Balita Buena Manong Balita Dobol A sa Dobol B Dobol B sa News TV Dobol B: Bantay Balita sa Kamara Dobol B: Bantay Balita sa Senado DZBB Executive Summary Citynet Morning News Citynet Noontime/Afternoon News Citynet Evening News Citynet Late-Night News Citynet Television News Citynet Weekend News Flash Report sa QTV Flash Report sa Q GMA Regional TV Weekend News IM Ready sa Dobol B In the Limelight Kape at Balita Kay Susan Tayo sa Super Radyo DZBB Live on Q Liwanag sa Balita May Tamang Balita News on Q News to Go News TV Live News Live News TV Quick Response Team On Call: Serbisyong Totoo. Ngayon. Regional TV Weekend News Review Philippines SOS: Serbisyo on the Spot State of the Nation with Jessica Soho Super Balita sa Hapon Super Balita sa Tanghali Nationwide Super Radyo Nationwide Drama Bayan Ko Dahil sa Iyong Paglisan Kapag nasa Katwiran, Ipaglaban Mo! The Lost Recipe My Guardian Abby My Fantastic Pag-ibig Noel Posh Project Destination Parang Kayo Pero Hindi Titser Wagas Comedy Ay, Robot! Camera Cafe Family Zoo Ganda ng Lola Ko H3O: Ha Ha Ha Over I Laugh Sabado Laugh to Laugh: Ang Kulit! O Mare Ko Project 11 TOLS Talk Bawal ang Pasaway kay Mareng Winnie Full Time Moms Gabe Me a Break The Gud Nite Show Love Hotline Mars Moms Newsmakers Personalan: Ang Unang Hakbang Power House The Ricky Lo Exclusives Showbiz Exclusives The Sobrang Gud Nite Show with Jojo A All the Way! Tonight with Arnold Clavio Tweetbiz: The Bizniz of Chizmiz Tweetbiz Insiders Game Game of the Gens Iba Na ang Matalino: The Nutroplex Brain Challenge Now Na! Takeshi's Castle Reality Day Off Fam Jam Follow the Star Here Comes the Bride I-Shine Talent Camp TV Popstar Kids Show Ko! The Smiths Stars on Ice Documentary / magazine Bongga Ka S
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20broadcasters%20owned%20by%20or%20affiliated%20with%20GMA%20Network	This is a list of television and radio broadcasters owned by or affiliated with GMA Network. GMA Network Inc. owned-and-operated broadcast regional television and radio stations are being handled by the media company divisions. The following are television stations GMA Regional TV and radio stations RGMA (also known as Radio GMA). Terrestrial and regional television and radio stations GMA Network GTV RGMA stations GMA Network (company)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Del%20Yocam	Delbert W. Yocam (born December 24, 1943) is a former US chairman and CEO of Borland, former president, COO and director of Tektronix and a former Apple Computer executive. At Apple, during the 1980s, Yocam ran the Apple II group and later became Apple's first chief operating officer (COO). He served on the board of directors at Adobe Systems. Education Yocam has a master's degree in business administration and a bachelor's degree from California State University and was honored as a "distinguished alumnus" in 1988 and 1999. He completed Directors' College at Stanford Law School in 1996 and 2003, and also at the University of Delaware in 2005. Yocam also completed Harvard's Executive Education program "Making Corporate Boards More Effective" at Harvard Business School in 2005. Career Yocam started his business career with management positions at the Ford Motor Company in the 1960s and moved into technology in the 1970s. Prior to his ten years at Apple Computer, Inc., Yocam held positions with Control Data Corp., Computer Automation, Inc., and the Fairchild Camera and Instrument Corp. He joined Apple Computer in 1979 as vice president of manufacturing and operations. He was the executive vice president and general manager of the Apple II group from 1983 until 1985. From 1986 until 1988, he served as executive vice president and Apple's first chief operating officer (COO). After three years as COO, Yocam became president of Apple Pacific. In this position, Yocam was responsible for strengthening Apple's markets in Canada, Australia, and Japan, while investing in emerging markets in the Far East and Latin America. He retired from Apple on his tenth anniversary in 1989. Yocam was president, chief operating officer (COO), and a board director of Tektronix, Inc. He joined the Beaverton, Oregon, manufacturer of test and measurement equipment, computer graphics products, and television systems in 1992. He is credited with turning around the company, providing eight consecutive quarters of improved core operating income and with refocusing the company's research and development spending, so that more than 50 percent of revenues came from new products, compared with 22 percent in 1991. He was originally tapped to replace the CEO, Jerry Meyer, on Meyer's retirement, but when Meyer put those plans on hold, Yocam quit. His three-year contract was completed in 1995. Yocam was chairman and CEO of Borland International, Inc., Scotts Valley, California, a provider of software and services from 1996 through 1999. He resigned after the acquisition of Visigenics Software was completed in 1999 and the company posted a $10.5 million loss for the 3rd quarter. Board positions Yocam served on the board of directors of Adobe Systems Inc. (1991–2009), Oracle Corp. (1992–1997) , Softricity, Inc. (2001–2006) (acquired by Microsoft, Inc. in 2006), Xircom, Inc. (1996–2001) (acquired by Intel Corp. in 2001), Raster Graphics, Inc. (1995–1999), Hollywood Park, Inc. (1997–
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian%20rivers%20interlinking%20project	The Indian Rivers Inter-link is a proposed large-scale civil engineering project that aims to effectively manage water resources in India by linking Indian rivers by a network of reservoirs and canals to enhance irrigation and groundwater recharge, reduce persistent floods in some parts and water shortages in other parts of India. India accounts for 18% of the world population and about 4% of the world’s water resources. One of the solutions to solve the country’s water woes is to link rivers and lakes. The Inter-link project has been split into three parts: a northern Himalayan rivers inter-link component, a southern Peninsular component and starting 2005, an intrastate rivers linking component. The project is being managed by India's National Water Development Agency Ministry of Jal Shakti. NWDA has studied and prepared reports on 14 inter-link projects for Himalayan component, 16 inter-link projects for Peninsular component and 37 intrastate river linking projects. The average rainfall in India is about 4,000 billion cubic metres, but most of India's rainfall comes over a 4-month period – June through September. Furthermore, the rain across the very large nation is not uniform, the east and north gets most of the rain, while the west and south get less. India also sees years of excess monsoons and floods, followed by below average or late monsoons with droughts. This geographical and time variance in availability of natural water versus the year round demand for irrigation, drinking and industrial water creates a demand-supply gap, that has been worsening with India's rising population. Proponents of the rivers inter-linking projects claim the answers to India's water problem is to conserve the abundant monsoon water bounty, store it in reservoirs, and deliver this water – using rivers inter-linking project – to areas and over times when water becomes scarce. Beyond water security, the project is also seen to offer potential benefits to transport infrastructure through navigation, hydro power as well as to broadening income sources in rural areas through fish farming. Opponents are concerned about well-known environmental, ecological, social displacement impacts as well as unknown risks associated with tinkering with nature. Others are concerned that some projects create international impact and the rights of nations such as Bangladesh must be respected and negotiated. History British colonial era The Inter-linking of Rivers in India proposal has a long history. During the British colonial rule, for example, the 19th century engineer Arthur Cotton proposed the plan to interlink major Indian rivers in order to hasten import and export of goods from its colony in South Asia, as well as to address water shortages and droughts in southeastern India, now Andhra Pradesh and Orissa. Post independence In the 1970s, Dr. K.L. Rao, a dams designer and former irrigation minister proposed "National Water Grid". He was concerned about the severe shorta
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devil%27s%20Playground%20%28album%29	Devil's Playground is the sixth studio album by English rock vocalist Billy Idol, released on 22 March 2005. It is his first studio album in over a decade (the latest being 1993's Cyberpunk), and his first new studio songs since 2001 (Idol's cover of "Don't You (Forget About Me)" on Greatest Hits). The album also reunited Idol in the studio with guitarist Steve Stevens and producer Keith Forsey. All songs were written or co-written by Idol except "Plastic Jesus". The album was engineered and mixed by Brian Reeves at the Jungle Room in Los Angeles. During the recording of the album, the crew of the TV show Bands Reunited ambushed the Jungle Room and tried to convince Billy to reunite with his old band Generation X for a one night performance, but Idol slammed the door on them, leading to an apology by the crew. Idol and the band supported the album with a world tour of rock festival appearances in 2005 and 2006, including several performances on the Vans Warped Tour. The song "Scream" was used in an episode of Viva La Bam, in which Idol also guest starred, where he and Bam Margera sing it as they go down the highway. Critical reception Devil's Playground was met with "mixed or average" reviews from critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, this release received an average score of 52 based on 11 reviews. In a review for AllMusic, Stephen Thomas Erlewine wrote: "On this pair of hooky, catchy tunes named after girls, Devil's Playground points toward an interesting, fruitful direction for Idol – one that acknowledges his veteran status without sounding aged – that he hopefully may wind up taking next time out.". Track listing Personnel Billy Idol – vocals Steve Stevens – guitar Stephen McGrath – bass guitar Derek Sherinian – keyboards Brian Tichy – percussion, drums Julian Beeston – drum programming Kevin Anderson – keyboards (uncredited) Charts References 2005 albums Billy Idol albums Albums produced by Keith Forsey Sanctuary Records albums
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network%20on%20a%20chip	A network on a chip or network-on-chip (NoC or ) is a network-based communications subsystem on an integrated circuit ("microchip"), most typically between modules in a system on a chip (SoC). The modules on the IC are typically semiconductor IP cores schematizing various functions of the computer system, and are designed to be modular in the sense of network science. The network on chip is a router-based packet switching network between SoC modules. NoC technology applies the theory and methods of computer networking to on-chip communication and brings notable improvements over conventional bus and crossbar communication architectures. Networks-on-chip come in many network topologies, many of which are still experimental as of 2018. In 2000s researchers had started to propose a type of on-chip interconnection in the form of packet switching networks in order to address the scalability issues of bus-based design. Preceding researches proposed the design that routes data packets instead of routing the wires. Then, the concept of "network on chips" was proposed in 2002. NoCs improve the scalability of systems-on-chip and the power efficiency of complex SoCs compared to other communication subsystem designs. They are an emerging technology, with projections for large growth in the near future as multicore computer architectures become more common. Structure NoCs can span synchronous and asynchronous clock domains, known as clock domain crossing, or use unclocked asynchronous logic. NoCs support globally asynchronous, locally synchronous electronics architectures, allowing each processor core or functional unit on the System-on-Chip to have its own clock domain. Architectures NoC architectures typically model sparse small-world networks (SWNs) and scale-free networks (SFNs) to limit the number, length, area and power consumption of interconnection wires and point-to-point connections. Topology The topology is the first fundamental aspect of NoC design, and it has a profound effect on the overall network cost and performance. The topology determines the physical layout and connections between nodes and channels. Also, the message traverse hops, and each hop's channel length depend on the topology. Thus, the topology significantly influences latency and power consumption. Furthermore, since the topology determines the number of alternative paths between nodes, it affects the network traffic distribution, and hence the network bandwidth and performance achieved. Read more about the tradeoffs between the various NoC topologies here: NoC Interconnect Topologies Explained Benefits Traditionally, ICs have been designed with dedicated point-to-point connections, with one wire dedicated to each signal. This results in a dense network topology. For large designs, in particular, this has several limitations from a physical design viewpoint. It requires power quadratic in the number of interconnections. The wires occupy much of the area
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jep%21	Jep! is an American children's television game show, adapted from the quiz show Jeopardy! It aired first on Game Show Network throughout the 1998–99 season, and then on Discovery Kids through late 2004. It was hosted by voice actor Bob Bergen, and created by Scott Sternberg who had earlier created Wheel 2000, a children's version of Wheel of Fortune. The show's production involved many of the daily syndicated Jeopardy! then-current personnel, including director Kevin McCarthy and four of the nine writers that the show employed at the time, and Alex Trebek, the main Jeopardy! series' host, served as Jep! consultant. Unlike the main Jeopardy! series, Jep! was taped at Stage 11 of the Sony Pictures Studios, rather than Stage 10. Rules Contestants on Jep! were children aged 10 through 12, and the game's difficulty level was substantially lower than that of the standard Jeopardy! game – making the show similar, in a way, to "Kids Weeks" on the parent program, which were introduced later. The players competed for merchandise packages instead of monetary prizes, and clue values were in points rather than in dollars (also used on Super Jeopardy!, Sports Jeopardy! and Rock & Roll Jeopardy!). Of the game's three rounds, the first round (the Jeopardy! round) became known as "Jep!", the second round (Double Jeopardy!) became "Hyper Jep!", and the third round (Final Jeopardy!) became "Super Jep!" There were five categories containing four clues apiece, and point values were randomly chosen by hitting a button. Jep! also featured a penalty system, in which three lights on each of the contestants' lecterns were designated "In Jeopardy!" lights which would turn on alongside the traditional deduction of points if the contestant gave an incorrect response or failed to phrase their response in the form of a question (even in the "Jep!" round). The first incorrect response entitled the player's "vat" above them to fill up with toy items such as plastic frogs, balls, etc. When the second light turned on, the vat would open and spill the contents on the contestant. Once the last of these lights turned on, the contestant's chair would recede behind a wall bringing the contestant with it, locking them out of gameplay for one clue. Unlike its parent show, everyone played "Super Jep!". Players who had zero or a negative score at the end of "Hyper Jep!" would have their scores raised to 500. When this happened, the amount used to raise that player's score to 500 was added to the other players' scores to keep the differences the same. In addition to the traditional Daily Doubles, Jep! also featured a "Jep! Prize" clue which awarded a prize to the contestant who responded correctly. Also featured was the Jep! Squad, a team of children from various places in America who functioned as correspondents delivering video clues, much like the parent program's later Clue Crew. All three players got a choice of two prizes in increasing value depending on if the player finished
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yume%20Penguin%20Monogatari	is a hybrid platform/shooter video game developed by Konami in 1991 for the Family Computer and 2006 for i-Revo. Summary This game is particularly notable because of its highly peculiar plot and gameplay. The player takes the role of a penguin named Penta, who is getting dumped by his girlfriend Penko because he has become far too obese for her liking. Penta originally appeared in Antarctic Adventure and Penguin Adventure, and he is the father of "Pentarou" who appeared in the Parodius series. The game follows Penta's quest to win back his ex-girlfriend by losing weight via collecting diet drinks and avoiding enemies. Penko's new boyfriend, Ginji, is trying to block Penta's attempt by dispatching enemies sent to force-feed him back to obesity. Gameplay This game is unique in that there is no life bar and it is not possible to lose lives due to being damaged; instead there is a "fitness meter" that displays Penta's current progress towards being in shape enough to win back Penko. A heart marks the weight goal for the current level, which is broken if the goal has not been reached, and repaired if it has been reached. If Penta does not reach that weight goal by the end of the level and within the time limit, he gets a break-up call from Penko and the player has the option to either restart the stage or return to the title screen. Getting hit by an enemy in the platforming stages will cause the timer to skip ten or more seconds if there is a significant amount of time remaining. Diet drinks must be collected to lose weight. Initially as a fat penguin, Penta is slow-moving, cannot jump high or far, and has only a blubber attack, in which he jumps and presses his belly against the floor to damage enemies. While Penta is in the "Normal" scale in the weight meter he has the ability to kick, and while he is in the "Thin" scale he has the ability to shoot the word "PO" out of his mouth in a straight direction to the left or right, which has unlimited range. Losing weight also increases Penta's speed and jumping ability. Getting hit by a food item in any stage or an enemy in the shooter segments will cause Penta to regain some weight. Falling into water in the platforming stages will cause Penta to return to his fattest state. Among the six total levels in the game, there are three platforming levels as well as three two-dimensional scrolling shooter stages. In both types, the concept remains the same: collect diet drinks, attack/avoid enemies, and finish within the time limit. The sixth level is a combination of the two gameplay elements, with the first half being a platforming stage. The second half of the sixth level contains the confrontation with Ginji, and is a behind-view shooting stage. At the conclusion of the game, Penta and Penko fly to a tropical island and everything initially appears to be idyllic. In a surprise ending, after munching on food for some time Penko herself becomes very overweight, and Penta slaps his head in disbelief. The g
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical%20networking	Optical networking is a means of communication that uses signals encoded in light to transmit information in various types of telecommunications networks. These include limited range local-area networks (LAN) or wide area networks (WANs), which cross metropolitan and regional areas as well as long-distance national, international and transoceanic networks. It is a form of optical communication that relies on optical amplifiers, lasers or LEDs and wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) to transmit large quantities of data, generally across fiber-optic cables. Because it is capable of achieving extremely high bandwidth, it is an enabling technology for the Internet and telecommunication networks that transmit the vast majority of all human and machine-to-machine information. Types Fiber-optic networks The most common fiber-optic networks are communication networks, mesh networks or ring networks commonly used in metropolitan, regional, national and international systems. Another variant of fiber-optic networks is the passive optical network, which uses unpowered optical splitters to link one fiber to multiple premises for last mile applications. Free-space optical networks Free-space optical networks use many of the same principles as a fiber-optic network but transmit their signals across open space without the use of fiber. Several planned satellite constellations such as SpaceX's Starlink intended for global internet provisioning will use wireless laser communication to establish optical mesh networks between satellites in outer space. Airborne optical networks between high-altitude platforms are planned as part of Google's Project Loon and Facebook Aquila with the same technology. Free-space optical networks can also be used to set up temporary terrestrial networks e.g. to link LANs on a campus. Components Components of a fiber-optical networking system include: Fiber. Multi-mode or single-mode. Laser or LED light source. Multiplexer/demultiplexer, also called mux/demux, filter, or prism. These can include Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (OADM) and Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (ROADM). Optical switch, to direct light between ports without an optical-electrical-optical conversion Optical splitter, to send a signal down different fiber paths. Circulator, to tie in other components, such as an OADM. Optical amplifier. Wave division multiplexer. Transmission Medium At its inception, the telecommunications network relied on copper to carry information. But the bandwidth of copper is limited by its physical characteristics—as the frequency of the signal increases to carry more data, more of the signal's energy is lost as heat. Additionally, electrical signals can interfere with each other when the wires are spaced too close together, a problem known as crosstalk. In 1940, the first communication system relied on coaxial cable that operated at 3 MHz and could carry 300 telephone conversations or one television channel. By 1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Ashford	John Ashford is a contemporary dance producer, Director of Aerowaves, the European network for research and presentation of emerging dance companies, which he founded in 1997. John Ashford was the first theatre editor at Time Out. He subsequently became Manager of the Theatre Upstairs at the Royal Court Theatre, at a time when it was producing the early plays of Sam Shepard and Caryl Churchill, and Richard O'Brien’s Rocky Horror Show. He was then appointed Director of the Theatre at the ICA, promoting seasons of experimental theatre, performance work and new rock bands. In 1985, he brought the Canadian dance company La La La Human Steps to London. As Theatre Director of The Place in London from 1986 to 2009, Ashford was instrumental in the growth of contemporary dance's popularity in the UK. He established the theatre as Britain's busiest dance venue, promoting the early works of companies including DV8, Adventures in Motion Pictures, V-tol Dance Company and Wayne McGregor Random Dance, and presenting the first UK performances from international artists such as Wim Vandekeybus, Sasha Waltz and Rui Horta. In 2004, he created The Place Prize, a biennial choreography competition, which is the richest and most prestigious in UK dance. In 2002, Ashford was appointed a CBE for services to dance. References External links Aerowaves website Living people Contemporary dance in the United Kingdom British theatre directors Commanders of the Order of the British Empire Year of birth missing (living people)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic%20Handler	Seismic Handler (SH) is an interactive analysis program for preferably continuous waveform data. It was developed at the Seismological Observatory Gräfenberg and is in use there for daily routine analysis of local and global seismic events. In original form Seismic Handler was command line based, but now an interactive version is available. Main features Reading traces from continuous data streams in Steim-compressed MiniSEED files. Additionally supported formats are event data from GSE, AH and Q (private format of SH) files. Zoom in and out traces in time and amplitude. Application of a set of standard filters (simulation filters and Butterworth filters) on broadband input traces. Reading phases on original or preprocessed traces. Determination of signal/noise ratio Computation of teleseismic beam traces using array-beamforming or FK-algorithm, determination of slowness and back-azimuth of an incoming wavefront. Location of teleseismic events using global travel time tables based on array methods or relative travel times, determination of focal depth using depth phases Location of regional and local events using LocSAT program, flexible interface provided for integration of own location programs. Integration of an own external programs (e.g.: map display, phase diagrams). Displaying theoretical travel times. Determination of amplitudes and magnitudes (ml or mb and Ms). Saving analysis results into an output text file for further processing. Supported operating systems: Solaris and Linux Additional features Rotation of 3-component seismograms Particle motion diagrams Vespagram-like trace summation Trace spectrum display External links Seismic Handler official home page (SHM) Seismic Handler development site Seismological Observatory Gräfenberg (SZGRF) Science software Seismology measurement
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Where%20%28SQL%29	A WHERE clause in SQL specifies that a SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement should only affect rows that meet specified criteria. The criteria are expressed in the form of predicates. WHERE clauses are not mandatory clauses of SQL DML statements, but can be used to limit the number of rows affected by a SQL DML statement or returned by a query. In brief SQL WHERE clause is used to extract only those results from a SQL statement, such as: SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement. Overview WHERE is an SQL reserved word. The WHERE clause is used in conjunction with SQL DML statements, and takes the following general form: SQL-DML-Statement FROM table_name WHERE predicate all rows for which the predicate in the WHERE clause is True are affected (or returned) by the SQL DML statement or query. Rows for which the predicate evaluates to False or Unknown (NULL) are unaffected by the DML statement or query. The following query returns only those rows from table mytable where the value in column mycol is greater than 100. SELECT * FROM mytable WHERE mycol > 100 The following DELETE statement removes only those rows from table mytable where the column mycol is either NULL or has a value that is equal to 100. DELETE FROM mytable WHERE mycol IS NULL OR mycol = 100 Predicates Simple predicates use one of the operators =, <>, >, >=, <, <=, IN, BETWEEN, LIKE, IS NULL or IS NOT NULL. Predicates can be enclosed in parentheses if desired. The keywords AND and OR can be used to combine two predicates into a new one. If multiple combinations are applied, parentheses can be used to group combinations to indicate the order of evaluation. Without parentheses, the AND operator has a stronger binding than OR. The following example deletes rows from mytable where the value of mycol is greater than 100, and the value of item is equal to the string literal 'Hammer': DELETE FROM mytable WHERE mycol > 100 AND item = 'Hammer' IN IN will find any values existing in a set of candidates. SELECT ename WHERE ename IN ('Montreal', 'Quebec') All rows match the predicate if their value is one of the candidate set of values. This is the same behavior as SELECT ename WHERE ename='value1' OR ename='value2' except that the latter could allow comparison of several columns, which each IN clause does not. For a larger number of candidates, IN is less verbose. BETWEEN BETWEEN will find any values within a range. SELECT ename WHERE ename BETWEEN 'value1' AND 'value2' SELECT salary from emp WHERE salary BETWEEN 5000 AND 10000 All rows match the predicate if their value is between 'value1' and 'value2', inclusive. LIKE LIKE will find a string fitting a certain description. Ending wildcard Find any string that begins with the letter 'S'SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE 'S%'; Leading wildcard Find any string that ends with the letter 'S'SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE '%S'; Multiple wildcards Find any string that contains, anywhere,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sat%C3%A9lite%20de%20Coleta%20de%20Dados	Satélite de Coleta de Dados (SCD, Portuguese for "Data-Collecting Satellite") is a series of satellites developed in Brazil. SCD-1 The first one, SCD-1, was launched on February 9, 1993, and was the first satellite developed entirely in Brazil and it remains in operation in orbit to this date. SCD-1 was designed, developed, built, and tested by Brazilian scientists, engineers, and technicians working at National Institute of Space Research and in Brazilian industries. It was made to be launched with a Brazilian rocket in 1989. Once it was officially recognized that the rocket could not be completed until many years later, SCD-1, after undergoing minor adaptations, was finally launched with a Pegasus rocket made by Orbital Sciences. The rocket was launched from a B-52 airplane while flying over the Atlantic Ocean. SCD-1 is an experimental communication satellite with an environmental mission. It receives data collected on the ground or at sea by hundreds of automatic data-collecting platforms (DCPs) and retransmits all the information in a combined real-time signal back to tracking stations on Earth. Applications include hydrology, meteorology, and monitoring of the environment in general. The data are used by agencies such as the Weather Forecasting and Climate Studies Center (Centro de Previsão do Tempo e Estudos Climáticos—CPTEC), hydroelectric power managers, and both private and governmental institutions with many different interests. An example is meteorological and environmental data collected in the Amazon region, including the levels of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. These data are transmitted to INPE and are used for monitoring forest fires. SCD-1 weighs approximately 110 kg and goes around the Earth every 100 minutes on a nearly circular orbit at about 760 km altitude. The inclination of the orbit with respect to the plane of the equator is 25 degrees, providing excellent coverage of equatorial, tropical, and subtropical regions (up to about 35 degrees of latitude) around the world. The spin-stabilized spacecraft has the shape of an octagonal prism, with a diameter of 1 meter and a height near 70 cm without the antennas that are mounted on both base surfaces. It was originally designed for a life of one year with 80% probability, but it has survived 30 years in operation (as of 2023) without any crippling functional failure. However, since its chemical (nickel-cadmium) batteries are now completely run down, the satellite can no longer be used while it is in the Earth's shadow. After the buzz of the New Horizons spacecraft flyby of NASA in July 2015, revealing feature and characteristics on Pluto, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) will scan an area on the surface of Pluto, which possibly will be named after the Sátelite Coleta de Dados (SCD-1), as “Coleta de Dados”, located in the large Tombaugh Regio, inside the area Sputnik Planitia. More than thirty companies were involved in the production of th
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorit%20Aharonov	Dorit Aharonov (; born 1970) is an Israeli computer scientist specializing in quantum computing. Aharonov was born in Washington and grew up in Haifa, the daughter of the mathematician Dov Aharonov and the niece of the physicist Yakir Aharonov. Aharonov graduated from Weizmann Institute of Science with an MSc in physics. She received her doctorate for Computer Science in 1999 from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and her thesis was entitled Noisy Quantum Computation. She also did her post-doctorate in the mathematics department of Princeton University and in the computer science department of University of California Berkeley. She was a visiting scholar at the Institute for Advanced Study in 1998–99. Aharonov was an invited speaker in International Congress of Mathematicians 2010, Hyderabad on the topic of "Mathematical Aspects of Computer Science". Research Aharonov's research is mainly about quantum information processes, which includes: quantum algorithms quantum cryptography and computational complexity quantum error corrections and fault tolerance connections between quantum computation and quantum Markov chains and lattices quantum Hamiltonian complexity and its connections to condensed matter physics transition from quantum to classical physics understanding entanglement by studying quantum complexity References External links Aharonov's home page at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem Profile in Nature Dorit Aharonov in panel discussion, "Harnessing Quantum Physics" with Michele Mosca, Avi Wigderson, Daniel Gottesman, Peter Shor, and Ignacio Cirac. Israeli computer scientists 1970 births Living people Israeli women computer scientists Women mathematicians Institute for Advanced Study visiting scholars Hebrew University of Jerusalem alumni Weizmann Institute of Science alumni Quantum information scientists
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isearch	Isearch is open-source text retrieval software first developed in 1994 by Nassib Nassar as part of the Isite Z39.50 information framework. The project started at the Clearinghouse for Networked Information Discovery and Retrieval (CNIDR) of the North Carolina supercomputing center MCNC and funded by the National Science Foundation to follow in the track of WAIS and develop prototype systems for distributed information networks encompassing Internet applications, library catalogs and other information resources. The main features of Isearch include full text and field searching, relevance ranking, Boolean queries, and support for many document types such as HTML, mail folders, list digests, MEDLINE, BibTeX, SGML/XML, FGDC Metadata, NASA DIF, ANZLIC metadata, ISO 19115 metadata and many other resource types and document formats. It was the first search engine to be designed from the ground up to support SGML and Z39.50 search and retrieval. It included many innovations including the "document type" model—which is simply an (object oriented) method of associating each document with a class of functions providing a standard interface for accessing the document. It was one of the first engines (if not the first) to ever support XML. The Isearch search/indexing text algorithms were based on Gaston Gonnet's seminal work into PAT arrays and trees for text retrieval--- ideas that were developed for the New Oxford English Dictionary Project at the Univ. of Waterloo, and provided the seeds for Tim Bray's PAT SGML engine that formed the basis of Open Text. One of the limiting factors, however, of the Isearch design was that it was not well suited to handle the extremely large data sets that became popular in the mid to late 1990s. In many cases Isearch was adapted or modified to use different algorithms but usually retained the document type model and the architectural relationship with Isite. Isearch was widely adopted and used in hundreds of public search sites, including many high profile projects such as the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) patent search, the Federal Geographic Data Clearinghouse (FGDC), the NASA Global Change Master Directory, the NASA EOS Guide System, the NASA Catalog Interoperability Project, the astronomical pre-print service based at the Space Telescope Science Institute, The PCT Electronic Gazette at the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), [[Linsearch (a search engine for Open Source Software designed by Miles Efron), the SAGE Project of the Special Collections Department at Emory University, Eco Companion Australasia (an environmental geospatial resources catalog), Australian National Genomic Information Service (ANGIS), the Open Directory Project and numerous governmental portals in the context of the Government Information Locator Service (GILS) GPO mandate (ended in 2005?). From 1994 to 1998 most of the development was centered on the Clearinghouse for Networked Information Discovery and Retrieval (
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Shark%20Attack%20File	The International Shark Attack File is a global database of shark attacks. The file reportedly contains information on over 6,800 shark attacks spanning from the early 1500s to the present day, and includes detailed, often privileged, information including autopsy reports and photos. It is accessible only to scientists whose access is permitted by a review board. History The database originated when the Office of Naval Research formed the Shark Research Panel in June 1958, which funded it until 1967. This group comprised 34 renowned scientists with expertise in sharks, tasked with exploring research strategies to enhance protection for Navy personnel against shark attacks. The file was temporarily housed at the Mote Marine Laboratory in Sarasota, Florida. In the 1980s, it was transferred to the National Underwater Accident Data Center at the University of Rhode Island before it was transferred to the Florida Museum of Natural History at the University of Florida under the direction of George H. Burgess. It is currently under the direction of Dr. Gavin Naylor and members of the American Elasmobranch Society, which has assumed the task of preserving, expanding, and analyzing shark attack data. References External links International Shark Attack File Online databases Databases in the United States Sharks Shark attacks
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian%20East%20African%20lira	The lira AOI was a special banknote circulating in Italian East Africa (Africa Orientale Italiana, or AOI) between 1938 and 1941. Data When Fascist Italy imposed the Italian lira in Ethiopia in 1936, it decided upon a rate of 3 lire = 1 thaler. Ethiopians were obliged by law to change their coins and banknotes but considering that the thaler was a silver coin with a value 28 times higher than the lira, they began to hide them to retain the metal value. The Italian government declared this practice illegal, but in 1938 issued a new banknotes "lira AOI" at a better rate of 4.5 lire = 1 thaler for citizens who would willingly exchange their silver coins at the Bank of Italy. Very few people accepted this and in 1939 they were offered a second possibility at a rate 5 lire = 1 thaler. In Italian Somaliland, the lira was already circulating. In Ethiopia, the lira replaced the Ethiopian thaler (issued by the Bank of Ethiopia) whilst in Eritrea it replaced the Eritrean tallero, a silver coin minted in Italy. It also briefly replaced the East African shilling in British Somaliland under Italia occupation between 1940 and 1941, when the lira AOI was offered at a rate 13 lire = 1 thaler. The lira AOI was seen as a possible bribery, and it was immediately replaced by the East African shilling in 1941, when the United Kingdom gained control of Italy's colonies, at the rate of 1 shilling = 24 lire. The banknotes retired by the British government were later used by the British Army when it occupied Italy between 1943 and 1945, producing with the AM-lira a high inflation in the country. Banknotes In 1938, banknotes were issued for use in Italian East Africa in denominations of 50, 100, 500 and 1000 lire. The designs were the same as those used on Italian notes but the colours of the notes were different and they bore an overprint with the words "Serie Speciale Africa Orientale Italiana". A relic of the lira was the use even in the 1960s of the expression "Lix Lira" (=six lira) for 25 cents. References Bibliography Mauri, Arnaldo (1967). Il mercato del credito in Etiopia, Giuffrè, Milano 1967. [in Italian] Tuccimei, Ercole (1999). La Banca d'Italia in Africa, Presentazione di Arnaldo Mauri, Laterza, Bari, [in Italian] External links Currencies of Somalia Modern obsolete currencies 1938 establishments in the Italian Empire 1941 disestablishments in the Italian Empire Lira
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KCIT	KCIT (channel 14) is a television station in Amarillo, Texas, United States, affiliated with the Fox network. It is owned by Mission Broadcasting, which maintains joint sales and shared services agreements (JSA/SSA) with Nexstar Media Group, owner of NBC affiliate KAMR-TV (channel 4) and low-power MyNetworkTV affiliate KCPN-LD (channel 33), for the provision of certain services. The three stations share studios on Southeast 11th Avenue and South Fillmore Street in downtown Amarillo; KCIT's transmitter is located on Dumas Drive (US 87-287) and Reclamation Plant Road in rural unincorporated Potter County. History As an independent station The station first signed on the air on October 24, 1982, as KJTV. Not counting satellite stations, it was the fourth commercial television station — after NBC affiliate KAMR-TV (channel 4), which signed on as KGNC-TV on March 18, 1953, CBS affiliate KFDA-TV (channel 10), which signed on April 4, 1953, and ABC affiliate KVII-TV (channel 7), which signed on the air on December 21, 1957 — and the first commercial UHF outlet to sign on in the Amarillo market. The station was founded and owned by Ray Moran, who, in March 1981, purchased the construction permit for the UHF channel 14 allocation that the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) originally granted to Amarillo Family Television (owned by Gary L. Acker, who operated several Christian radio stations across Texas, Louisiana, Florida and Missouri through various subsidiaries) in a $624,000 swap for the license of Roswell, New Mexico radio station KRIZ (now KBCQ-FM). Operating as an independent station, channel 14 maintained a programming inventory typical of a non-network-affiliated outlet, consisting of first-run and off-network sitcoms and drama series, classic off-network westerns (with films from the genre airing on Friday nights under the sponsored Western Theater umbrella), feature films in prime time and on weekend afternoons (with those airing on Monday through Thursday evenings presented under the Star Movie umbrella) and cartoons. KJTV also carried business news programming from the Financial News Network each weekday afternoon until 1985. Channel 14, however, housed older transmission equipment and was fairly prone to technical problems during its run as an independent. The station's transmitter failed on its first night of operation and did not return to the air until the following morning. Its programming was fed to the Amarillo facility from an off-air receiver relayed by microwave link from sister station KJAA in Lubbock (now also a Fox affiliate, which assumed the KJTV call letters in 1986); this method of relaying the signal produced a blurred feed. Most of its transmission equipment, while new, was also of low quality. Commercials aired during program breaks were played on tape decks that suffered from repeated picture glitches at the beginning and end of each ad. The picture format was also substandard, with RF interference being prevale
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Zealand%20EB%20class%20locomotive	The New Zealand EB class locomotive was a class of five battery electric (later diesel-electric) locomotives built to perform shunting duties at the workshops of New Zealand's national rail network. Introduction The first (later No. 29) was built in 1925 in the United States, and began its working life at Hamilton railway station in Frankton; then four years later it was transferred to Christchurch's Addington Workshops. That same year, four more were built at Hutt Workshops (No's 25 and 26) and Hillside Workshops (No's 27 and 28); they were stationed at main workshops around the country. Conversion New batteries were required in 1937, and although conversion into diesel-electric locomotives was proposed, rebuilding was not undertaken until the early 1950s. In their new guise, the locomotives survived well into the 1970s. Withdrawal The first to be withdrawn was EB 27 in 1976, and two years later, the class leader, EB 25, was also removed from service. It has been preserved by Auckland's Museum of Transport and Technology. The other three locomotives survived long enough to receive TMS numbers – EB 26 became EB 1809, EB 28 became EB 1815, and EB 29 became EB 1821. The latter two were withdrawn in 1980, but EB1809, now stationed in Napier, was reclassified as a member of the TR class, TR1003. After it was withdrawn, it was saved for preservation and is now serviceable at the Silver Stream Railway. See also E class locomotive, the other, earlier example of a battery-electric locomotive to operate in New Zealand References Footnotes Citations Bibliography External links New Zealand Diesel and Electric Traction – E and EB classes 1930 photo of No.26 at Hutt Workshops EB class Bo locomotives Railway locomotives introduced in 1925 3 ft 6 in gauge locomotives of New Zealand Battery electric locomotives
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSPro	CSPro, short for the Census and Survey Processing System, is a public domain data processing software package developed by the U.S. Census Bureau and ICF International. Serpro S.A. was involved in past development. Funding for development comes primarily from the U.S. Agency for International Development. The main purpose of this software framework is to design an application for data collection and processing. CSPro was designed and implemented through a joint effort by the developers of two earlier software packages that were used to capture, edit, and tabulate census and survey data on DOS-based machines: the Integrated Microcomputer Processing System (IMPS), developed by the U.S. Census Bureau, and the Integrated System for Survey Analysis (ISSA), developed by Serpro S.A. As a result, CSPro is founded on more than 30 years of development. The software can be run on Windows-based OS (Vista, 7, 8, and 10—Linux and IOS operating systems are not supported) to design applications able to be deployed on Android and Windows family OS following its "Build Once, Deploy Many" ability. These applications can be used for mobile survey data collection (via Smartphones or tablets), or for office-based collection (via laptops or desktops). The public domain distribution is binary-only. Support for Unicode data entry began with version 5. A CSPro designed application can be a dynamic and intelligent questionnaire for entering, editing, tabulating, mapping, and disseminating census and survey data. Also, the simple IDE of the CSPro Designer can be used to implement sophisticated Information System in various fields such as Monitoring and Evaluation, Business Administration, Logistics and so on. This package is widely used worldwide by statistical agencies, international organizations, NGOs, consulting firms, colleges and universities, hospitals, and private sector groups, in more than 160 countries. Major international household survey programs, such as Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) and Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) also use CSPro for Census and Survey works. While the program uses a simple graphical interface (IDE), CSPro also contains a sophisticated programming language that can be used to create highly customized applications. Beginning users can program simple quality control checks, and advanced users can write dynamic applications using his procedural and object oriented programming language. It remains actively in development (as of spring 2021). With latest improvements, CSPro designed application support: SQLite and SQL language; Relational database support on device and servers; Improved data security through transparent data encryption and support of best in class hashing/salting algorithms; Multiple questions per screen; Mobile Mapping: Displaying dynamic mapping and deal with geographic informations (online maps, Tiled offline basemap and points (all features: polygon, polyline, line is supported on version 7.7));
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank%20Street%20Writer	Bank Street Writer is a word processor for the Apple II, Atari 8-bit family, Commodore 64, MSX, Macintosh, IBM PC, and IBM PCjr computers. It was designed in 1981 by a team of educators at the Bank Street College of Education in New York City, software developer Franklin E. Smith, and programmers at Intentional Educations in Watertown, Massachusetts. The software was sold in two versions: one for elementary school students published by Scholastic and a general version from Broderbund. History Prior to the advent of the Bank Street Writer, most word processors ran on networked minicomputers. The most popular word processor for the personal computer was Apple Writer, which (prior to the version II release) operated in Apple's text mode where all text consisted of uppercase letters. Apple Writer used a black-on-white character to represent an actual capital letter. Microcomputer word processors of the early 1980s typically had no menus; so to perform basic functions such as copying and pasting, a writer had to type a series of keystrokes. The Bank Street Writer operated in graphics mode, where characters were displayed normally with lower and upper case letters, and it provided helpful prompts during editing. The Bank Street Writer was initially designed for use in schools. The name was a modern-day reference to the Bank Street Readers, a widely respected early learning book series created in the 1960s by Bank Street College. The school version of the Bank Street Writer was published by Scholastic Inc. and included a series of workbooks and other teacher and student materials. The Bank Street Writer became the leading word processor used in elementary schools throughout most of the 1980s. During this period, Bank Street College, led by its president, Richard Ruopp, did pioneering work in the use of technology in elementary schools. Among the results were the Bank Street Writer and The Voyage of the Mimi, a groundbreaking science-based TV series. The interface contains menus listing the operations the word processor can perform, such as "cut" and "paste", and brief directions for how to perform each function. The design addressed the need for a word processor that would enable elementary school children to use a computer to write stories and essays. Bank Street Writer is a modal editor - pressing the Esc key toggled between editing mode and menu mode. Broderbund published a successful home version of the Bank Street Writer, which did not contain the additional school materials and was published as a retail software product. The Bank Street Writer was for several years the best-selling product in the "home software" category on what was then the most respected sales chart in the industry - the Softsel Hot List, from Softsel Distributing of Inglewood, California. Reception II Computing listed Bank Street Writer eighth on the magazine's list of top Apple II non-game, non-educational software as of late 1985, based on sales and market-share data. A
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fox%20News%20Radio	Fox News Radio is an American radio network owned by Fox News. It is syndicated to over 500 AM and FM radio stations across the United States. It also supplies programming for three channels on Sirius XM Satellite Radio. History In 2003, Fox News began syndicating one-minute radio updates to radio stations via syndication service Westwood One. With the success of the one-minute updates, Fox opted to make a full foray into network radio news services and began hiring a staff of 60 radio professionals. On June 1, 2005, Fox News Radio began providing hourly five-minute newscasts at the beginning of each hour and a one-minute newscast at the half-hour mark. At its launch, 60 stations were signed up for the network. Many more joined under a deal struck between Fox and Clear Channel Communications (now iHeartMedia), the largest owner of radio stations in America. This allowed many Clear Channel stations to carry Fox News Radio newscasts and allowed Fox News Radio to use and nationally distribute news content produced by Clear Channel. Several of those stations ended decades-long relationships dating back to the Golden Age of Radio with CBS Radio News and ABC News Radio to carry Fox News Radio. Fox also produced Fox News Talk, a long-form network with conservative talk programs featuring Fox News personalities. The programs are broadcast on terrestrial radio stations in the United States and were formerly found at SiriusXM Satellite Radio's digital platform on Channel 450. Channel 450 also carried the five-minute Fox Newscast at the start of each hour and the one-minute Fox News update at 30 minutes after each hour. In late 2015, Fox News Radio began offering Fox News Headlines 24/7 exclusively to SiriusXM subscribers on Channel 115. It's a live-anchored all news channel with a dedicated editorial staff, providing a panorama of the day's news "from Hollywood to Wall Street to Main Street." News is presented in fifteen-minute blocks. Six anchors each day are assigned to eight-hour air shifts, with one hour on and one hour off over the course of the shift. Additional features include sports at :05/:35, business at :12/:42 and entertainment news at :28/:58. The station does not suspend its format for breaking news coverage, which is the role of Fox News Channel. The slogans are "The news you want, the moment you want it" and "It's news, ready when you are". It is a companion channel to the audio simulcasts of the Fox News Channel on SiriusXM 114 and Fox Business on SiriusXM 113. Newscasts The Fox News Radio Network provides around-the-clock newscasts at the beginning of each hour and at 30 minutes past the hour. Depending on a station's affiliation, it either receives a five-minute newscast at the beginning of each hour or a one-minute newscast which runs at the beginning of the hour or at 30 minutes after the hour. Breaking news reports (dubbed 'Fox News Alerts'), business news updates, correspondent and expert interviews, special broadcasts m
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strings%20%28Unix%29	In computer software, strings is a program in Unix, Plan 9, Inferno, and Unix-like operating systems that finds and prints the strings of printable characters in files. The files can be of regular text files or binary files such as executables. It can be used on object files and core dumps. strings is mainly useful for determining the contents of non-text files. Overview Strings are recognized by looking for sequences of at least 4 (by default) printable characters terminating in a NUL character (that is, null-terminated strings). Some implementations provide options for determining what is recognized as a printable character, which is useful for finding non-ASCII and wide character text. By default, it only prints the strings from the initialized and loaded sections of object files; for other types of files, it prints the strings from the whole file. But it doesn't make the behavior of cat and strings the same on regular text files. cat processes the non printable characters and output it to the terminal but strings ignore them. It is part of the GNU Binary Utilities (), and has been ported to other operating systems including Windows. Example Using strings to print sequences of characters that are at least 8 characters long (this command prints the system's BIOS information; should be run as root): dd if=/dev/mem bs=1k skip=768 count=256 2>/dev/null \| strings -n 8 \| less file.txt a aa aaa aaaa strings file.txt # prints aaaa See also Cat (Unix) Paste (Unix) GNU Debugger Strip (Unix) References External links Unix text processing utilities Unix SUS2008 utilities Plan 9 commands Inferno (operating system) commands String (computer science)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff%20Ltd.	Jeff Ltd. is a Canadian television series. The half-hour-long series stars Jeff Seymour of The Eleventh Hour, and was aired on The Comedy Network. The show follows Jeff Stevens, an advertising exec who thinks he can have any lady he wants. He spends a lot of time trying to get with the ladies, and less time doing his work. The show aired two seasons. In 2007, the show was not included on CTV's fall schedule, although it was later added to the schedule of CTV's sister network A. Episode list Season 1 The World According to Jeff The Truth, the Whole Truth, and Nothing But the Truth Tears of a Clown Ali Baba and the 40 Carpets In the End You Get What You Deserve From Zero to Hero They Call Him Leatherman It's What They Do to Bulls Body by Jeff The Camera Never Lies Some of My Best Friends Are Queer Nightmare on Stevens Street To Kill a Mocking Man Season 2 Too Many Hens in the Foxhouse ...You Love Men The Manipulator A Fishy Award The Accidental Hero The Auto-Fish 9000 The Accidental Hero, Part 2 The Model Man Size Matters The Yachtsman Contra-Dynamantics Jeff de Bergerac I Want to be Your Daddy References External links Official CTV site Official Comedy Network site CTV Television Network original programming CTV 2 original programming 2000s Canadian sitcoms CTV Comedy Channel original programming Television series by S&S Productions Television shows filmed in Toronto 2006 Canadian television series debuts 2007 Canadian television series endings 2000s Canadian workplace comedy television series
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KMYT-TV	KMYT-TV (channel 41) is a television station in Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States, affiliated with MyNetworkTV. It is owned by Imagicomm Communications alongside Fox affiliate KOKI-TV (channel 23). The two stations share studios on East 27th Street and South Memorial Drive (near W. G. Skelly Park) in the Audubon neighborhood of southeast Tulsa; KMYT-TV's transmitter is located on South 273rd East Avenue (between 91st Street South and 101st Street South, next to the Muskogee Turnpike) in the western city limits of Coweta. History Early history The station first signed on the air on March 18, 1981 as KGCT-TV (standing for "Green Country Television"). It was founded as a joint venture between Green Country Television Associates, Ltd. (headed by former CBS executive Ray Beindorf, who served as KGCT's first general manager, and Leonard Anderson—who would subsequently sell his interest in the group, including stakes which he acquired from Beindorf months after the station's sign-on—to Armstrong Investments CEO Robert A. Armstrong in 1981) and satellite resale carrier Satellite Television Systems (STS; renamed Satellite Syndicated Systems [SSS] shortly before sign-on), which beat out the Western Area Bureau of Information and a standalone bid by STS for the license. The UHF channel 41 allocation had been dormant since an application by the Beacon Television Corporation to launch a station over that allocation (which was to be assigned KWID as its call letters) was reversed following the application's approval by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in 1968, and its approved construction permit was turned in by Beacon to the FCC in May 1969. Originally operating as an independent station, it was the second such station to sign on in the Tulsa market, after KOKI-TV (channel 23, now a Fox affiliate), which signed on six months earlier on October 26, 1980; not counting short-lived UHF outlets, it was also the seventh television station and the fifth commercial station to sign on in the Tulsa market. It originally operated from studio facilities located in a former Lerner Shops store at the Main Mall pedestrian park and shopping complex on South Harvard Avenue (near downtown Tulsa's Bartlett Square district). (The complex, which then spanned seven blocks west to east from Main Street to Boston Avenue and north to south from 3rd to 6th Streets, was demolished to make way for an expansion of Main Street to throughway traffic in 2003.) KGCT initially maintained a mixed news/information and entertainment schedule, running low-cost syndicated and barter programs (consisting of cartoons, sitcoms and drama series and westerns) and classic movies from sign-on at 6:00 a.m. until 12:00 p.m., and a mix of news and talk programming during the afternoon and early access time periods. The remainder of the broadcast day was occupied by the SSS-owned In-Home Theatre (IT), a subscription service – transmitted over the channel 41 signal each weekday from 7:00 p.m. unti
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groomed	Groomed is a Canadian W Network makeover reality television series produced by Chocolate Box Entertainment that aired Mondays at 10:30 p.m. and Wednesdays at 9 p.m. It is hosted by butler Paul Hogan, who is famous for his appearances on the reality TV series Joe Millionaire. Co-hosting with Hogan was Asha Daniere, a Toronto native, who added a female point of view. In each episode of Groomed, Hogan takes a "schlub" and puts him through "gentleman's bootcamp" in preparation for a special romantic event with their lady love. The show features men at proposals, weddings, anniversaries, birthdays, and other special celebrations. Episodes "Frog to Prince: John Stievenart" (21 January 2006) "Comfort Zone: Andrew Bradbury" (21 January 2006) "Working Class Hero: Mike Bailey" (13 February 2006) "Love on Ice with a Twist: Doug Pye" (20 February 2006) "Steppin' out with my Baby: Calbert Humphrey" (27 February 2006) "Sajeev Sharma" (6 March 2006) "Casey Paolozzi" (13 March 2006) "Jamie Nye" (20 March 2006) "Rey Morales" (27 March 2006) "Miguel Baptista" (3 April 2006) "Trucker Love: Sam Yannacacos" (10 April 2006) "Lee Herriot" (24 April 2006) "David Moxam" (1 May 2006) External links Network's official site Production's official site Makeover reality television series 2000s Canadian reality television series 2006 Canadian television series debuts 2006 Canadian television series endings W Network original programming
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food%20reality%20television	Food reality television is a genre of reality television programming that considers the production, consumption and/or sociocultural impact of food. Reality food television emerged as a recognisable sub-genre in the 1940s. Historically, food reality television sought to educate viewers on matters of food. Early programmes such as Elsie Presents, The Diane Lucas Show and Cook's Night Out imparted 'specific, practical skills' on the viewer, and provided ad-lib commentary on matters of homemaking, home entertaining and motherhood. As the genre evolved, and the Food Network channel launched, food reality television sought also to entertain. Programmes such as Great Chefs, Boiling Point and A Cook's Tour combined the factual information of their ancestors with the personal and confessional nature of unscripted television. 'Delia's "how to cook" gave way to Nigella and Jamie's "how to live" This 'factual entertainment' function has persisted and unifies food reality television's contemporary subgenres. These subgenres include documentary-style, adventure-travel, game show and cooking-as-lifestyle. According to critics, food reality television has had a significant impact on food production and consumption behaviours. Food reality television has been linked to a decline in culinary practice in the home, the development of culinary taste and the transition of food from 'necessity' to 'hobby'. Food reality television has been praised by critics for creating opportunities for 'real people' and removing barriers to healthy eating. Food reality television has been criticised for its inescapability, and promotion of overconsumption. History Food related entertainment, like other lifestyle consumer goods, is susceptible to changes in taste and consumer demand. Since its inception in the post-war period, food reality television has evolved from the occasional instructional programme to an abundant and wide-ranging genre. 1930–1960 Food reality television evolved from cooking segments heard on the radio and homemaking advice offered in women's magazines. Early programmes were considered ‘educational’ in the sense that they prepared the predominately female viewership for their domestic and homemaking duties. Television hosts performed skills and techniques that may have been difficult to learn by listening to the cooking segment of the radio, watching live demonstrations in supermarkets or reading magazines. Television directors used close up shots to aid the education process and showcase the real-time cooking process. Early studio sets were constructed to resemble middle-class home kitchens. Studio kitchens were fit with appliances, cabinets and counters, kitchenware and occasionally, running water. Television hosts such as Diane Lucas, Margaret Fulton and Edith Green were positioned as ‘ordinary housewives’. According to de Solier, they were relatable and personable. They entertained viewers with stories of the men in their lives, their children, ever
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raq	Raq may refer to: Names RAQ, U.S. rock band Cobalt RaQ, a 1U rackmount computer server product line Raq, the pet dog of George Bramwell Evens, mascot of the Romany Society, and star of radio programmes Abbreviations Rarely Asked Questions, a monthly column in the magazine Analog Dialogue Régie des alcools du Québec (RAQ), the former name of the Société des alcools du Québec (SAQ) Réseau des services d'archives du Québec (RAQ), see List of Canadian archives associations Revised Attribution Questionnaire (r-AQ), a psychological self-assessment Codenames RAQ, initial prefix designation for the Q-25 drone, the Boeing MQ-25 Stingray No. 610 Squadron RAF (codename RAQ), British Royal Air Force Rath Aviation (ICAO airline code code: RAQ), see List of airline codes (R) Sugimanuru Airport (IATA airport code: RAQ), Raha, Muna, Southeast Sulawesi, Sulawesi, Indonesia Saam language (ISO 639 language code: raq) See also RAC (disambiguation) RACC (disambiguation) RAAC (disambiguation) RRAC Rack (disambiguation) RAK (disambiguation) RACQ
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recipe%20for%20Success	Recipe for Success is a food reality television series that follows entrepreneurs who trade their jobs for following their dreams. On Food Network's Canadian station, it is broadcast on Sundays at 2:30 PM. It uses the same theme song as The Next Food Network Star. It also covers a popular TV competition in which a couple takes over a restaurant they do not own for two sittings on a day in a bid to win £1,000. They are given a team of professional staff who will work to the amateurs' menus. One amateur takes on the role of Head Chef, while the other takes on the role of Front of House Manager. On the final day of the week, whoever has made the most money wins the money already won during that week. The show is presented by Simon Rimmer. External links Food reality television series 2000s Canadian reality television series Food Network (Canadian TV channel) original programming
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KXII	KXII (channel 12) is a television station licensed to Sherman, Texas, United States, serving the Sherman, Texas–Ada, Oklahoma market as an affiliate of CBS, MyNetworkTV, and Fox. Owned by Gray Television, the station maintains studios on Texoma Parkway (SH 91) in northeastern Sherman, with an additional studio on South Commerce Street (US 77) and Elks Boulevard in southwestern Ardmore, Oklahoma. KXII's transmitter is located along US 377 in rural northeastern Marshall County, Oklahoma (southwest of Madill). KXII's signal is relayed on low-power translator station KXIP-LD (channel 12) in Paris, Texas (in the Dallas–Fort Worth television market) and also over low-power station KAQI-LD (channel 28) in Sherman. History Early history under Reisen-Easley ownership The station first signed on the air as KVSO-TV, on August 12, 1956. Originally licensed to Ardmore, Oklahoma, it was founded by a family-led consortium led by Albert Riesen, Maurine Easley and their children, John and Buddy Riesen, and Betty Dillard. The Riesen-Easley family had assumed ownership of The Daily Ardmoreite and KVSO (1240 AM) from Maurine's father, John Easley—longtime owner of the newspaper/radio station combination, who had acquired the Ardmoreite in 1917—following his retirement the year prior. After the family filed an application with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for the construction permit in 1954, the Reisen-Easleys obtained VHF channel 12 for their proposed television station after negotiating with Eastern Oklahoma Television, Inc., owner of Ada-based competitor KTEN (channel 10), for the allocation (the FCC had reassigned the channel 12 allocation to the Sherman–Ada market following the issuance of the Sixth Report and Order in 1952, in which the agency moved the same assignment from Waco to Abilene, Texas, where it would become occupied by present-day ABC affiliate KTXS-TV, to avoid interference with the Sherman-Ada frequency). Channel 12 originally operated as an NBC affiliate; however the Riesen-Easley ownership group was unable to afford the expenditures to acquire a feed to access NBC's television programming directly; this forced station engineers to have to switch to and from the broadcast signal of NBC affiliate WKY-TV (now KFOR-TV) in Oklahoma City, whenever WKY aired programming from the network. In addition, KVSO-TV carried some of WKY's local and syndicated programming intermittently within its broadcast day. The station originally maintained transmitter facilities from a tower located north of Ardmore in the Arbuckle Mountains, on a site that also formerly housed the transmitter of KVSO-FM. On April 2, 1957, the station's transmission tower was felled by a strong tornado (later retroactively rated as an F2) that touched down west of Dougherty and hit portions of northern Carter County, Oklahoma. Transmitter engineer Chester Rollins was near the tower at the time the tornado hit and escaped serious injury, despite the transmission buildi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixing%20Dinner	Fixing Dinner is a Canadian food reality television series on Food Network Canada, airing on AmericanLife in the United States. Host Sandi Richard comes "to the rescue" of a family that can't cope with making healthy, fresh dinners, and teaches how to counteract their lack of time. The show follows a standard format - first, a 'help us' video is shown, detailing the problems the family faces. Sandi comes to their house to discuss the situation in more detail, and to inspect the kitchen. She identifies the most stressful or time crunched day of the week, labeled 'Fright Night'. She returns several days later with a menu plan of a month's worth of meals. Magnets symbolizing the various family members and the foods they will cook are placed on the fridge as she introduces this week's menu. A shopping trip follows, with Sandi recommending various prepared or partially prepared foods as time savers (such as store-bought sauces, precut vegetables). In some episodes, a brief overview of how Sandi has reorganized the kitchen is shown. Then Sandi proceeds to walk each family member through the meals they are preparing this week. The family is left alone to handle 'Fright Night' according to her plans. To conclude the show, Sandi returns a month later to find out how the monthly meal plan has worked. Families always claim improvement on the problem Sandi was sent to solve. Common problems are too much fast food, lack of time to prepare dinner, one member of the family being solely responsible for meals, lack of variety, picky eaters and disparate schedules. Before the credits begin, she always ends with the phrase, "Fixing dinner isn't just about food, it's about family". While from the onset there is much about the family than the food when it comes to fixing dinner, Fanzo (2021) argues about the multidimensional and complex nature of food, and the cultural intricacies that are interweaved from within that transcends beyond the family to include linkages with agriculture, economics, water, environment, gender dynamics, and health. "Without the right amount and quality of food," Fanzo (2021) adds, "things can go very wrong!" But when it comes to the right amount and the quality of food, is it only about family, or does it go beyond to what food a family is able to access, afford, eat with quality and in the right amount? References Food reality television series Canadian reality television series Food Network (Canadian TV channel) original programming
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate%20of%20authenticity	A certificate of authenticity (COA) is a seal or small sticker on a proprietary computer program, t-shirt, jersey, or any other memorabilia or art work, especially in the world of computers and sports. It is commonly a seal on paper authenticating a specific art work which and is made to demonstrate that the item is authentic. COAs for software Computer COAs have a license number on them, which verifies that the program is a genuine, legal copy. Artwork or posters come with a certificate of authenticity signed and sealed by a reputable appraiser or auction house. COAs for art COAs are mostly common in the art world. Generally speaking, a valid COA for an artwork will include specific details about the artwork like when and how it was produced, the names of people or companies involved in the artwork's production, the work's exact title, the dimensions of the art, and the names of reference books, magazines, or similar resources that contain either specific or related information about either that work of art or the artist. The COA should also state the qualifications and full contact information of the individual or entity that authored the certificate with his or her complete and current contact information. COAs have been a target of much controversy due to online auction sites where sellers are providing fake Certificates of Authenticity to market or sell their art works. COAs in auctions COA's are commonly used on internet auction sites in order to provide "proof" that the signature on a signed item is genuine. However, it is widely acknowledged that most of these COA's have simply been produced by fraudulent sellers in order to encourage the buyer to buy fake items. In almost all cases these COA's are worthless and have no traceability. It has been shown that around 90% of the COA's issued by these sellers do not even have the contact details of the person selling the item, or if they do they are often incorrect or have an address of a company that has long since disappeared. Legals aspect of COAs United Kingdom Any COA is of no value at all unless it has the full contact details of the issuer. In the United Kingdom, it is an offense under the Fraud Act 2006 (section 7) to create or use a COA in the sale of an autograph or similar item: A person is guilty of an offense if he makes, adapts, supplies or offers to supply any article— a) knowing that it is designed or adapted for use in the course of or in connection with fraud, or b) intending it to be used to commit, or assist in the commission of, fraud. In other words, if the seller is offering fakes with a COA, then he/she is committing more than one offense, and the offense of issuing a COA alone is a possible 12-month prison sentence. See also Digital certificates References External links Certificates of Authenticity, Explained, by Brooke Oliver, Esq. Ephemera Software licenses
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azteca%207	Azteca 7 (also called El Siete) is a Mexican network owned by TV Azteca, with more than 100 main transmitters all over Mexico. Azteca 7 is available on all cable and satellite systems. A substantial portion of their purchased programming includes many series purchased from networks such as Disney Channel, Cartoon Network and Nickelodeon among others; while the series aimed at the general public often comes from major alliances like The Walt Disney Company, Fox Broadcasting Company, Sony Group Corporation, Warner Bros., NBCUniversal and ViacomCBS (now known as Paramount Global) among others. History Imevisión's channel 7 To bring a channel 7 to Mexico City, which had channels 2, 4, 5, 8, 11 and 13, a channel shuffle had to be made. This channel shuffle converted Televisa's station XHTM-TV channel 8 to channel 9. Two Puebla stations, XEX-TV channel 7 and XEQ-TV channel 9, moved to channels 8 and 10; XEQ took on the XHTM callsign that was discontinued in Mexico City. In Toluca, channel 7 (XHGEM-TV) was moved to channel 12, and XHTOL-TV moved from channel 9 to 10. XHIMT-TV took to the air on May 15, 1985, as the third of three Mexico City stations operated by public broadcaster Imevisión, sister to XHDF-TV channel 13 and XEIMT-TV channel 22, and the flagship station of a second Imevisión national network which featured 99 repeater stations serving 72% of the population. The new Red Nacional 7 (7 National Network) was positioned as targeting the working class and rural areas, while Red Nacional 13, based from XHDF, targeted a more middle- and upper-class audience. TV Azteca's channel 7 However, financial mismanagement, economic troubles and other issues quickly signaled trouble for Imevisión. In 1990, XEIMT and XHIMT were converted into relays of XHDF, and the next year, the government of Mexico announced it was selling XHIMT and XHDF to the private sector. The sale of these two networks in 1993 formed the new TV Azteca network. By October 1993, XHIMT was operating independently under Azteca as Tú Visión. The programming of Azteca 7 since then has largely consisted of children's programs, sports, foreign series and movies, serving as a competitor to Televisa's Canal 5. Programs Foreign shows aired on Azteca 7 include FBI, The Good Doctor, Malcolm in the Middle and Smallville. Sports After its privatization, Azteca 7 began carrying NBA basketball, though Televisa now holds these rights. Soccer rights on Azteca 7 includes the Liga MX, as well as all official and friendly matches of the Mexico national soccer team. Azteca 7 also carries NFL games, boxing (Box Azteca) and lucha libre (Lucha Azteca). Movies Azteca 7 maintains movie licensing rights agreements with Carolco Pictures, EuropaCorp, Lionsgate Entertainment (including films from Lionsgate Films and Summit Entertainment), Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Paramount Pictures, Sony Pictures Entertainment (including films from Columbia Pictures, TriStar Pictures and Screen Gems), StudioCanal, Universal
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyce%E2%80%93Codd%20normal%20form	Boyce–Codd normal form (or BCNF or 3.5NF) is a normal form used in database normalization. It is a slightly stronger version of the third normal form (3NF). BCNF was developed in 1974 by Raymond F. Boyce and Edgar F. Codd to address certain types of anomalies not dealt with by 3NF as originally defined. If a relational schema is in BCNF then all redundancy based on functional dependency has been removed, although other types of redundancy may still exist. A relational schema R is in Boyce–Codd normal form if and only if for every one of its dependencies X → Y, at least one of the following conditions hold: X → Y is a trivial functional dependency (Y ⊆ X), X is a superkey for schema R. Note that if a relational schema is in BCNF, then it is in 3NF. 3NF table always meeting BCNF (Boyce–Codd normal form) Only in rare cases does a 3NF table not meet the requirements of BCNF. A 3NF table that does not have multiple overlapping candidate keys is guaranteed to be in BCNF. Depending on what its functional dependencies are, a 3NF table with two or more overlapping candidate keys may or may not be in BCNF. An example of a 3NF table that does not meet BCNF is: Each row in the table represents a court booking at a tennis club. That club has one hard court (Court 1) and one grass court (Court 2) A booking is defined by its Court and the period for which the Court is reserved Additionally, each booking has a Rate Type associated with it. There are four distinct rate types: SAVER, for Court 1 bookings made by members STANDARD, for Court 1 bookings made by non-members PREMIUM-A, for Court 2 bookings made by members PREMIUM-B, for Court 2 bookings made by non-members The table's superkeys are: S1 = {Court, Start time} S2 = {Court, End time} S3 = {Rate type, Start time} S4 = {Rate type, End time} S5 = {Court, Start time, End time} S6 = {Rate type, Start time, End time} S7 = {Court, Rate type, Start time} S8 = {Court, Rate type, End time} ST = {Court, Rate type, Start time, End time}, the trivial superkey Note that even though in the above table Start time and End time attributes have no duplicate values for each of them, we still have to admit that in some other days two different bookings on court 1 and court 2 could start at the same time or end at the same time. This is the reason why {Start time} and {End time} cannot be considered as the table's superkeys. However, only S1, S2, S3 and S4 are candidate keys (that is, minimal superkeys for that relation) because e.g. S1 ⊂ S5, so S5 cannot be a candidate key. Recall that 2NF prohibits partial functional dependencies of non-prime attributes (i.e., an attribute that does not occur in any candidate key. See "candidate keys") and that 3NF prohibits transitive functional dependencies of non-prime attributes on candidate keys. In Today's court bookings table, there are no non-prime attributes: that is, all attributes belong to some candidate key. Therefore the table adheres to both 2NF and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth%20normal%20form	Fifth normal form (5NF), also known as projection–join normal form (PJ/NF), is a level of database normalization designed to remove redundancy in relational databases recording multi-valued facts by isolating semantically related multiple relationships. A table is said to be in the 5NF if and only if every non-trivial join dependency in that table is implied by the candidate keys. It is the final normal form as far as removing redundancy is concerned. A 6NF also exists, but its purpose is not to remove redundancy and it is therefore only adopted by a few data warehouses, where it can be useful to make tables irreducible. A join dependency *{A, B, … Z} on R is implied by the candidate key(s) of R if and only if each of A, B, …, Z is a superkey for R. The fifth normal form was first described by Ronald Fagin in his 1979 conference paper Normal forms and relational database operators. Example Consider the following example: The table's predicate is: products of the type designated by product type, made by the brand designated by brand, are available from the traveling salesman designated by traveling salesman. The primary key is the composite of all three columns. Also note that the table is in 4NF, since there are no multivalued dependencies (2-part join dependencies) in the table: no column (which by itself is not a candidate key or a superkey) is a determinant for the other two columns. In the absence of any rules restricting the valid possible combinations of traveling salesman, brand, and product type, the three-attribute table above is necessary in order to model the situation correctly. Suppose, however, that the following rule applies: A traveling salesman has certain brands and certain product types in their repertoire. If brand B1 and brand B2 are in their repertoire, and product type P is in their repertoire, then (assuming brand B1 and brand B2 both make product type P), the traveling salesman must offer products of product type P those made by brand B1 and those made by brand B2. In that case, it is possible to split the table into three: In this case, it's impossible for Louis Ferguson to refuse to offer vacuum cleaners made by Acme (assuming Acme makes vacuum cleaners) if he sells anything else made by Acme (lava lamp) and he also sells vacuum cleaners made by any other brand (Robusto). Note how this setup helps to remove redundancy. Suppose that Jack Schneider starts selling Robusto's products breadboxes and vacuum cleaners. In the previous setup we would have to add two new entries one for each product type (<Jack Schneider, Robusto, breadboxes>, <Jack Schneider, Robusto, vacuum cleaners>). With the new setup we need to add only a single entry (<Jack Schneider, Robusto>) in "brands by traveling salesman". Usage Only in rare situations does a 4NF table not conform to 5NF. For instance, when the decomposed tables are cyclic. These are situations in which a complex real-world constraint governing the valid combinations
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixth%20normal%20form	Sixth normal form (6NF) is a term in relational database theory, used in two different ways. 6NF (C. Date's definition) Christopher J. Date and others have defined sixth normal form as a normal form, based on an extension of the relational algebra. Relational operators, such as join, are generalized to support a natural treatment of interval data, such as sequences of dates or moments in time, for instance in temporal databases. Sixth normal form is then based on this generalized join, as follows: A relvar R [table] is in sixth normal form (abbreviated 6NF) if and only if it satisfies no nontrivial join dependencies at all — where, as before, a join dependency is trivial if and only if at least one of the projections (possibly U_projections) involved is taken over the set of all attributes of the relvar [table] concerned. Date et al. have also given the following definition: Relvar R is in sixth normal form (6NF) if and only if every JD [Join Dependency] of R is trivial — where a JD is trivial if and only if one of its components is equal to the pertinent heading in its entirety. Any relation in 6NF is also in 5NF. Sixth normal form is intended to decompose relation variables to irreducible components. Though this may be relatively unimportant for non-temporal relation variables, it can be important when dealing with temporal variables or other interval data. For instance, if a relation comprises a supplier's name, status, and city, we may also want to add temporal data, such as the time during which these values are, or were, valid (e.g., for historical data) but the three values may vary independently of each other and at different rates. We may, for instance, wish to trace the history of changes to Status; a review of production costs may reveal that a change was caused by a supplier changing city and hence what they charged for delivery. For further discussion on Temporal Aggregation in SQL, see also Zimanyi. For a different approach, see TSQL2. Domain-key normal form Some authors have used the term sixth normal form differently: as a synonym for domain-key normal form (DKNF). This usage predates Date et al.'s work. Usage The sixth normal form is currently being used in some data warehouses where the benefits outweigh the drawbacks, for example using Anchor Modeling. Although using 6NF leads to an explosion of tables, modern databases can prune the tables from select queries (using a process called 'table elimination') where they are not required and thus speed up queries that only access several attributes. Examples In order for a table to be in sixth normal form, it has to be in fifth normal form first and then it requires that each table satisfies only trivial join dependencies. Let’s take a simple example with a table already in 5NF: Here, in the users table, every attribute is non null and the primary key is the username: Users_table This table is in 5NF because each join dependency is implied by the unique candidate key o
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobilink	Mobilink () was the trade name of Pakistan Mobile Communications Limited (PMCL), a mobile operator in Pakistan providing a range of prepaid and postpaid voice and data telecommunication services to both individual and corporate subscribers. In 2017, Warid Pakistan merged with Mobilink to form Jazz, under which the company now operates. Mobilink's head office was in Islamabad, and its last president and CEO was Aamir Ibrahim, who became the CEO of Jazz. The network claims to have been the first GSM-based mobile operator in South Asia. History Formerly known as Mobilink, the company was founded in 1994 as a joint venture between Saif Group and Motorola Inc. In February 2001, Egypt based Orascom Telecom Holding bought Motorola’s shares in Mobilink to become the majority shareholder with 69% control. Then in June 2007, Orascom further purchased the remaining shares under Saif Group’s control to become Mobilink’s 100% owner. In 2010, Russian operator Vimpelcom (now VEON Ltd.) agreed to acquire most of the telecom assets of Orascom, including Mobilink, in a $6.5 billion deal, creating the world’s fifth-largest mobile network operator by subscriber base. In November 2015, Vimpelcom announced the 100% acquisition of Pakistan’s Warid Telecom, a subsidiary of Abu Dhabi Group. Completed in July 2016 after due approvals, the first-ever local telecom company acquisition created a combined subscriber base of 50 million. Following this merger, Mobilink was officially rebranded to Jazz in 2017. Radio Frequency Summary In April 2014, Mobilink participated in the Next Generation Mobile Services (NGMS) auction held by Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA), Mobilink won the bid for the 2100 MHz 3G license. In July 2014, they announced that their 3G network would be the country's largest with over 9000 3G-ready cell sites. In November 2015, Mobilink announced its merger with Warid Pakistan, the merger was completed in July 2016 and the companies were going to plan for integration and merging into a single brand in the future. In November 2016, Mobilink announced that Warid customers would be able to use their 3G network, and Mobilink customers will be able to use Warid's LTE network. Subsidiaries, joint ventures, and holdings Mobilink is a communications access provider offering customers access through different channels. The four key platforms Mobilink operates are: Mobile Phone Telephony Broadband access Internet Mobile Banking Mobilink (PMCL) acquired and merged the different external or internal divisions managing each platform and now all operate under the different brands. Jazz X (Haier Co-Branded) Mobile Phones Mobilink along with Haier Mobile division has launched co-branded handsets including feature phone, smartphones, and tablets. Jazzcash Mobilink has partnered with Waseela Microfinance Bank to mark its entry into the branchless banking segment. With Mobicash, customers have access to the simplest way to conduct their financial tr
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Biggest%20Loser%20%28Australian%20TV%20series%29	The Biggest Loser is an Australian reality television show, based on the original American version of the same name. It is produced by Shine Australia and screened on Network Ten. Since 2015, the show has been hosted by former contestant Fiona Falkiner, It was formerly hosted by Ajay Rochester from 2006 to 2009 & former Olympian Hayley Lewis from 2010 to 2014. The show debuted on 13 February 2006, followed by a second season on 4 February 2007 which introduced Michelle Bridges, Shannan Ponton and Steve Willis. The third season began airing on 3 February 2008. A fourth season, which features couples competing as teams, started airing on 1 February 2009. A fifth season, which aired on 31 January 2010, featuring former Olympic swimmer Hayley Lewis as the new host, and in 2011 the show introduced the new trainer Tiffiny Hall. In its eleventh season, the show introduced new trainer Libby Babet. The show did not return in 2018 due to low ratings. About the series The series involves contestants who are overweight to varying degrees participating in a contest to lose the most percentage of weight, with teams and contestants voting out each other. Unlike the American version, weight loss is measured in tenths of kilograms instead of pounds. Personal trainers Michelle Bridges, Shannan Ponton, Steve Willis and Tiffiny Hall are responsible for training the contestants and helping them to lose weight. Michelle and Shannan have been the main trainers since Season 2 (in Season 1 the original American trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels were used, and in Seasons 2 and 3 they appeared as guests). Seasons one to three of the show were filmed in Terrey Hills, one of the northern suburbs of Sydney. The Walk was filmed at Bobbin Head in Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park, Turramurra, New South Wales. Season 4 began filming at Fitzroy Island in Far North Queensland, before moving to North Head, Sydney. Series overview Winners Hosts & Trainers Season Guide Season 1 (2006) This is an Australian version of the program first aired at 7.00pm each weeknight on Network Ten from 13 February, to the final episode on 27 April 2006 where the first Australia's Biggest Loser was awarded A$200,000. The program, directed by Ian Stevenson, featured the same personal trainers as the US version, Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels with Australian host Ajay Rochester. Over 6,000 Australians applied to take part, only 12 contestants being chosen to compete, their starting weight ranging from 101 kg (Fiona) to 196 kg (David). Season 2 (2007) The second season of the Australian version first went to air on Sunday 4 February 2007 on the Ten Network, the eventual winner being Chris Garling who lost 70.1 kg and won A$200,000. It was introduced with personal trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels, who were then taken over by two new Australian trainers, Michelle Bridges and Shannan Ponton, with one extra surprise trainer, "Commando" Steve Willis. The contestants starting weights r
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical%20IP%20Switching	Optical IP Switching (OIS), is a novel method of creating transparent optical connections between network nodes using a flow-based approach. An IP flow is a collection of IP packets going from the same source to the same destination: the exchange of IP packets is the mechanism that allows the transport of information over the Internet. Recent studies have shown that Internet traffic presents a heavy tail distribution, where a small number of flows carries a huge amount of data. This suggests the possibility of dynamically adapting the optical connections to carry these heavy flows. Currently a packet has to traverse a certain number of routers, before reaching its destination and the network routers must analyze each packet and forward it towards the direction of the destination node. However, since a flow is defined as a sequence of packets going from the same source to the same destination, if the router recognises the flow it could create a short-cut by creating a “switched” connection allowing all the packets belonging to the same IP flow to proceed directly towards the correct direction without being analyzed one after the other. This general idea is known as IP switching. If the shortcut however occurs at an optical level, the process becomes Optical IP Switching. The advantage of OIS comes from the fact that today packets are transmitted optically between two points but at each routing station they have to be converted into electrical signal, routed and converted back into optical to continue their travel over the optical fiber. If instead the router is able to recognise a flow, it could create a shortcut (“cut-through connection”) directly at the optical level, and all the packets belonging to the same flow could be directed to the right destination without the optical-to-electrical conversion process. This would save time, energy, memory and processing resources on the router. A basic implementation of the OIS concept sees an optical router that monitors IP traffic and if a flow appears with specific characteristics the router establishes an optical cut-through path between its upstream and downstream neighbours, requesting the upstream node to place all the packets belonging to the flow into the new path. The newly generated trail bypasses the IP layer of the router, as the packets transparently flow from the upstream to the downstream neighbour. Following a similar procedure the path can then be extended to more than three nodes, but this decision is always autonomously taken by each router and depends on the traffic encountered and on the resources locally available. Since an optical link however can carry several gigabits of data per second, it may be difficult to find a flow that alone can exploit the bandwidth offered by an optical trail. For this reason, aggregating more IP flows into the same dedicated path is essential for the performance of an OIS network. The aggregation introduces a trade-off between the number of IP fl
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lander	Lander may refer to: Media and entertainment Lander (video game), a computer game published by Psygnosis in 1999 Lander (game demo), the 3D game demo provided with the Acorn Archimedes computer Lander (Transformers), a fictional character in the Transformers series Lunar Lander (arcade game), an arcade game Lunar Lander (video game series), one of several video games Places United States Lander College for Men, a Jewish college in New York Lander County, Nevada, United States Lander Crossing, California, United States Lander, Maryland, United States Lander, Pennsylvania, United States Lander University, a public university in South Carolina Lander, Wyoming, United States Venezuela Lander Municipality Science Benthic lander, oceanographic measuring platform which sits on the seabed or benthic zone Lander (crater), lunar crater Lander (spacecraft), type of spacecraft, designed for descending the surface of an astronomical body Other uses Lander (surname) Lander (foreigner), a foreigner See also Länder Landers (disambiguation) Flatlander (disambiguation) Outlander (disambiguation)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video%20game%20conversion	In video gaming parlance, a conversion is the production of a game on one computer or console that was originally written for another system. Over the years, video game conversion has taken form in a number of different ways, both in their style and the method in which they were converted. In the arcade video game industry, the term conversion has a different usage, in reference to game conversion kits for arcade cabinets. Types of conversions Direct conversions Direct conversions, also referred to as "straight conversions", are conversions in which the source code of the original game is used with relatively few modifications. Direct conversions were fairly rare until the second half of the 1990s. In the case of arcade conversions, this was because arcade systems were usually much more advanced than their contemporary home-based systems, which thus could not accurately recreate the speed, graphics, audio, and in some cases even the gameplay algorithms of arcade games. In the case of personal computer conversions, most games pre-1995 were produced in assembly language, and source-based conversions could not be reproduced on systems with other processors, rendering the original source code useless. Also, while most third-party developers had access to the original graphics and audio, they could not be faithfully reproduced on older home computers such as the ZX Spectrum and developers were forced to recreate the graphics and audio from scratch. In the early 2000s, source-based conversions of games became more feasible and one-to-one pixel perfect conversions became commonplace. Imitations/clones Imitations of popular arcade games were common, particularly in the early days of video gaming when copyright violations were treated less severely. While the game was fundamentally the same, the title, names, graphics and audio were usually changed to avoid legal challenges. Developers have created "clones" of their own games. Escape (now Westone) produced a clone of Wonder Boy for the NES by the name of Adventure Island to circumnavigate a number of legal issues surrounding the Wonder Boy name and character. Remakes Developers have remade older video games with modern technology. This was a particular phenomenon during the late 1990s with numerous 3D updates of games such as Frogger, Missile Command, Asteroids and Space Invaders. Retro/emulation Advances in technology and a rising interest in retrogaming have incited a trend whereby collections of "classic" games, usually arcade games, are re-released on modern gaming systems in their original forms. This is usually carried out by means of custom emulators, which reproduce the activity of the original arcade ROMs. In other words, instead of rewriting the code for the game itself onto the new hardware system, the programmers write code which imitates the original hardware system and transfer the game code without alteration. Nintendo's Game Boy Advance has had hundreds of conversions of older ga
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product%20information%20management	Product information management (PIM) is the process of managing all the information required to market and sell products through distribution channels. This product data is created by an internal organization to support a multichannel marketing strategy. A central hub of product data can be used to distribute information to sales channels such as e-commerce websites, print catalogues, marketplaces such as Amazon and Google Shopping, social media platforms like Instagram and electronic data feeds to trading partners. Moreover, the significant role that PIM plays is reducing the abandonment rate by giving better product information. PIM solutions are most relevant to business-to-consumer and business-to-business firms that sell products through a variety of sales channels in a range of industries. The use of PIM is generally influenced by a company's: wide array of products and/or complex product data set frequently changing product characteristics increasing number of sales channels non-uniform information technology infrastructure (plethora of data sources and formats) online business and electronic ordering various locales and localization requirements support SEO strategies of business PIM manages customer-facing product data required to support multiple geographic locations, multilingual data, maintenance and modification of product information within a centralized product catalogue. PIM can act as a centralized hub for storing product information and from every channel. Product information kept by a business can be scattered throughout departments and held by employees or systems, instead of being available centrally; data may be saved in various formats, or only be available in hard copy form. It also helps businesses to improve their conversion rate optimization (CRO) by displaying consistent branding and reducing abandonment rate. Moreover, PIM allows the automation of most of the processes of product creation. All in all PIM provides a centralized solution for media independent product data maintenance, efficient data collection, data governance and output. Synonyms and related terms Product data management is the use of software or other tools to track and control information related to a particular product. The managed data usually involves the descriptions and technical specifications of a product. Product resource management is used by some software providers as a synonym for PIM, as well as product content management, mainly popular as a term in England and France. Product life-cycle management refers more to a management strategy than to a specific information technology, the goal of which is to optimize the entire life cycle of a product from inception, through engineering design and manufacturing over time. Media asset management or digital asset management refers to the management of unstructured multimedia objects such as images, graphics and presentations as well as ‘meta-information’ (data about data). The term i
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawzall	Sawzall may refer to: Sawzall (tool), a brand of reciprocating saw manufactured by Milwaukee Electric Tool Sawzall (programming language), a domain-specific programming language "Sawzall" (song), by the American singer and songwriter Banks
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple%20IIc%20Plus	The Apple IIc Plus is the sixth and final model in the Apple II series of personal computers, produced by Apple Computer. The "Plus" in the name was a reference to the additional features it offered over the original portable Apple IIc, such as greater storage capacity (a built-in 3.5-inch floppy drive replacing the classic 5.25-inch drive), increased processing speed, and a general standardization of the system components. In a notable change of direction, the Apple IIc Plus, for the most part, did not introduce new technology or any further evolutionary contributions to the Apple II series, instead merely integrating existing peripherals into the original Apple IIc design. The development of the 8-bit machine was criticized by quarters more interested in the significantly more advanced 16-bit Apple IIGS. History The Apple IIc Plus was introduced on September 16, 1988, at the AppleFest conference in San Francisco, with less fanfare than the Apple IIc had received four years earlier. Described as little more than a "turbocharged version of the IIc with a high-capacity 3½ disk drive" by one magazine review of the time, some users were disappointed. Many IIc users already had add-ons giving them something rather close to what the new model offered. Before the official release of the machine, it had been rumored to be a slotless version of the Apple IIGS squeezed into the portable case of the Apple IIc. Apple employee John Arkley, one of the engineers working on the Apple IIc Plus project, had devised rudimentary plans for an enhanced Apple IIGS motherboard that would fit in the IIc case, and petitioned management for the go-ahead with such a project; the idea was rejected. When the project started the original plan was to just replace the 5.25-inch floppy drive with a 3.5-inch, without modifying the IIc design. Other features, consequently, were added as the project progressed. It is believed the Apple IIc Plus design, and its existence at all, was influenced by a third-party Apple IIc-compatible known as the Laser 128. It is not a coincidence that the Apple IIc Plus is very similar in design to the Laser 128EX/2 model, released shortly before the Apple IIc Plus. As it was fully backwards-compatible, the Apple IIc Plus replaced the Apple IIc. Codenames for the machine while under development included: Raisin, Pizza, and Adam Ant. Overview Three major new features The Apple IIc Plus had comprised three new features compared to the IIc. The first and most noticeable feature was the replacement of the 5.25-inch floppy drive with the new 3.5-inch drive. Besides offering nearly six times the storage capacity (800 KB), the new drive had a much faster seek time (three times faster) and button-activated motorized ejection. To accommodate the increased data flow of the new drive, specialized chip circuitry called the MIG, an acronym for "Magic Interface Glue", was designed and added to the motherboard along with a dedicated 2 KB static RAM buffer (the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altova	Altova is a commercial software development company with headquarters in Beverly, MA, United States and Vienna, Austria, that produces integrated XML, JSON, database, UML, and data management software development tools. Company Altova was founded in 1992 as an XML development software company. Its software is used by more than 4 million users and more than 100,000 companies globally. The first product was XMLSpy, and around the year 2000, Altova began to develop new tools to augment XMLSpy and expand into new areas of software development. The CEO and president of Altova is Alexander Falk, who has explained that the development of Altova software has occurred through the inclusion of features most requested by the users of previous program incarnations. Falk is also the inventor behind Altova's patents. Altova software attempts to increase the efficiency of program use in order to reduce the amount of time needed for users to learn database software and other tasks such as query execution. Examples of Altova software includes the XML editor XMLSpy, and MapForce, a data mapping tool. Altova has also added XBRL capable programs to its XML software line, including development tools. In addition, they have included Web Services Description Language, project management and Unified Modeling Language capabilities to their software. Most recently, the company has introduced a mobile development environment called MobileTogether for developing cross-platform enterprise mobile solutions. At the beginning of 2014, the company claimed to have more than 4.6 million users of its software. Programs XMLSpy—XML editor for modeling, editing, transforming, and debugging XML technologies MapForce—any-to-any graphical data mapping, conversion, and integration tool MapForce FlexText—graphical utility for parsing flat files StyleVision—multipurpose visual XSLT stylesheet design, multi-channel publishing, and report building tool UModel—UML modeling tool DatabaseSpy—multi-database data management, query, and design tool DiffDog—XML-aware file, directory, and database differencing tool SchemaAgent — graphical XML Schema, XSLT, WSDL and management tool Authentic—WYSIWYG XML authoring tool and database content editor MissionKit—Altova's integrated suite of XML, SQL, and UML software tools MobileTogether—Cross-platform mobile development environment for native apps for the enterprise FlowForce Server—Server software for managing automation of business processes RaptorXML Server—XML and XBRL server with support for XML validation, XBRL validation, and XSLT and XQuery processing Awards Named to the SD Times 100 six times, including in 2010 2009 Gartner Cool Vendor in Application Development 2009 Visual Studio Magazine Readers Choice Award Winner 2009 Windows IT Pro Magazine Editor's Best Developmental Tool, Silver Award 2007 Windows IT Pro Magazine Best of Connections Award, Office Category 2001, 2003, 2004, 2009, 2014 Jolt Product Excellence & Producti
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service%20switching%20point	In telephony, a service switching point (SSP) is the telephone exchange that initially responds, when a telephone caller dials a number, by sending a query to a central database called a service control point (SCP) so that the call can be handled. The service switching point uses the Signalling System No. 7 (SS7) protocols which are responsible for the call setup, management, and termination with other service switching points. Relationship between SSP and SCP With the introduction of the Intelligent Network architecture, service functionality (e.g. UK translation of 0800 non-geographic telephone numbers) is being removed from the actual telephone exchange and devolved out into other computer nodes. In this new architecture, the telephone exchange is known as an SSP and the node that contains the services (and hence controls the progression of a call) is known as service control point (SCP). Example of a 0800 number translation service In the UK 08XXX numbers are non-geographic numbers – that is, the number does not refer to a telephone number in any particular region of the UK. To route a call to such an 08XXX number, the number must be translated into a geographic number (e.g. 0121 XXX XXXX for Birmingham numbers). An SSP telephone exchange receives a call to an 0800 number. This causes a trigger within the SSP that causes an SCP (Service Control Point) to be queried using SS7 protocols (INAP, TCAP). The SCP responds with a geographic number, e.g. 0121 XXX XXXX, and the call is actually routed to a phone. By this architecture: 08XXX (non-geographic numbers) can be set up in a few SCP nodes rather than having to be set up in every telephone exchange in the country. geographic numbers can be hidden revenue can be generated by non-telecoms companies from people making telephone calls to services – e.g. telephone voting External links SS7 Tutorial – Signalling architecture, including SSP description. [Link Dead] Signaling System 7
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurixalus	Kurixalus is a genus of frogs in the family Rhacophoridae. The taxonomy of small rhacophids is difficult and has been subject to many revisions, but molecular genetic data do support monophyly of Kurixalus. These frogs are distributed from Himalayan front ranges of eastern India southward and eastward to Cambodia, Vietnam, southern China, Taiwan, and the Ryukyu Islands. Species , the following 19 species are recognized: Kurixalus absconditus Mediyansyah, Hamidy, Munir, and Matsui, 2019 – Piasak-frilled swamp treefrog Kurixalus appendiculatus (Günther, 1858) – frilled tree frog, rough-armed tree frog, or Southeast Asian tree frog Kurixalus baliogaster (Inger, Orlov, and Darevsky, 1999) – belly-spotted frog Kurixalus banaensis (Bourret, 1939) – Bana bubble-nest frog Kurixalus berylliniris Wu, Huang, Tsai, Li, Jhang, and Wu, 2016 Kurixalus bisacculus (Taylor, 1962) − Taylor's treefrog Kurixalus chaseni (Smith, 1924) Kurixalus eiffingeri (Boettger, 1895) Kurixalus gracilloides Nguyen, Duong, Luu, and Poyarkov, 2020 Kurixalus hainanus (Zhao, Wang, and Shi, 2005) Kurixalus idiootocus (Kuramoto and Wang, 1987) – temple tree frog Kurixalus lenquanensis Yu, Wang, Hou, Rao, and Yang, 2017 Kurixalus motokawai Nguyen, Matsui, and Eto, 2014 Kurixalus naso (Annandale, 1912) – uphill tree frog, long-snouted treefrog, Annandale's high altitude frog Kurixalus odontotarsus (Ye and Fei, 1993) – serrate-legged small treefrog Kurixalus verrucosus (Boulenger, 1893) – small rough-armed tree frog Kurixalus viridescens Nguyen, Matsui, and Duc, 2014 Kurixalus wangi Wu, Huang, Tsai, Li, Jhang, and Wu, 2016 Kurixalus yangi Yu, Hui, Rao, and Yang, 2018 References Rhacophoridae Amphibians of Asia Amphibian genera
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gargrave%20railway%20station	Gargrave is a railway station on the Bentham Line, which runs between and via . The station, situated north-west of Leeds, serves the village of Gargrave in North Yorkshire. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains. History The station was opened on 30 July 1849 by the "Little" North Western Railway, later taken over by the Midland Railway. The original stone shelters survive on each platform, but the main wooden station building is now in private use. Stationmasters Peter William ca. 1851 W. Renshaw until 1861 (afterwards station master at Berkley Road) John Bell 1861 - ca. 1866 W. Lewin (formerly station master at Oxenhope) Thomas Stone ca. 1871 - 1893 David Bennett Smith 1893 - 1901 (afterwards station master at Manningham) James Staff 1901 - 1920 (formerly station master at Oxenhope) Facilities The station is unstaffed, with a ticket machine and digital information screens installed as part of an ongoing upgrade process announced in 2016. Level access is only possible for southbound travellers, as the northbound platform can only be reached by steps from the road bridge. Pennine Way The Pennine Way, a long-distance path, crosses the railway a few hundred yards to the west of the station. Services The service level from here in both directions was increased at the May 2018 timetable change, as a consequence of the 2015 Northern franchise award to Arriva Rail North. The improvements included two additional trains each way on the Leeds - Lancaster route on weekdays and an extra train on Sundays - these began operating on 20 May 2018 with the start of the summer timetable. In total there are now fourteen departures northbound (up from ten prior to May 2018) - eight to Lancaster and five to Carlisle, plus one evening train to . Five of the Lancaster trains continue to Morecambe, but the daily direct Heysham train has now ceased. Southbound there are thirteen departures to Leeds, plus a single late evening departure to Skipton only (though this has a connection to Leeds from there). Eight trains each way call on Sundays (five to Lancaster and Morecambe, three to Carlisle northbound). References Sources External links Craven District DfT Category F2 stations Railway stations in North Yorkshire Former Midland Railway stations Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1849 Northern franchise railway stations 1849 establishments in England
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TC10	TC10 may refer to: DECtape, a magnetic tape data storage medium TC10 protein
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CHILDES	The Child Language Data Exchange System (CHILDES) is a corpus established in 1984 by Brian MacWhinney and Catherine Snow to serve as a central repository for data of first language acquisition. Its earliest transcripts date from the 1960s, and as of 2015 has contents (transcripts, audio, and video) in 26 languages from 230 different corpora, all of which are publicly available worldwide. Recently, CHILDES has been made into a component of the larger corpus TalkBank, which also includes language data from aphasics, second language acquisition, conversation analysis, and classroom language learning. CHILDES is mainly used for analyzing the language of young children and directed to the child speech of adults. During the early 1990s, as computational resources capable of easily manipulating the data volumes found in CHILDES became commonly available, there was a significant increase in the number of studies of child language acquisition that made use of it. CHILDES is currently directed and maintained by Brian MacWhinney at Carnegie Mellon University. Database Format There are a variety of languages and ages represented in the CHILDES transcripts. The majority of the transcripts are from spontaneous interactions and conversations. The transcriptions are coded in the CHAT (Codes for the Human Analysis of Transcripts) transcription format, which provides a standardized format for producing conversational transcripts. This system can be used to transcribe conversations with any type of language learner: children, second-language learners, and recovering aphasics. In addition to discourse level transcription, the CHAT system also has options for phonological and morphological analysis. The CLAN program was developed by Leonid Spektor and aids in transcription and analysis of the child language data. Use in Research To date, over 4500 published studies cite CHILDES. CHILDES reports this number in their manuals and Google Scholar contains 5451 citations as of July 2017. References External links CHILDES Homepage Language acquisition Corpora Applied linguistics Linguistic research
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clapham%20railway%20station	Clapham is a railway station on the Bentham Line, which runs between and via . The station, situated north-west of Leeds, serves the village of Clapham in North Yorkshire. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains. Immediately to the east of the station, the line crosses the River Wenning on a tall, eight-span viaduct. The station was formerly known in the national timetable as Clapham (Yorkshire), to distinguish it from Clapham (London). The latter was renamed Clapham High Street in 1989. History The station was opened by the "little" North Western Railway (NWR) on 30 July 1849 on their line from Skipton to Ingleton and became a junction the following year when the link along the Wenning Valley from Bentham was completed on 1 June 1850 to finish the route from Lancaster to Skipton. The Ingleton route was subsequently extended northwards, as the Ingleton Branch Line, through Kirkby Lonsdale and Sedbergh to join the West Coast Main Line at (near Tebay) by the Lancaster and Carlisle Railway (L&C) in 1861, but disagreements between the L&C's successor, the London and North Western Railway, and the Midland Railway (who had leased the NWR in 1859) over running rights and the subsequent construction of the Settle-Carlisle Line, meant that it never became the major Anglo-Scottish route that the NWR had originally intended. The Ingleton Branch was closed to passenger traffic on 1 February 1954 and completely in July 1966, although regular goods traffic had ended some months earlier. Lifting of the track followed in April 1967. A sharp curve (with a permanent 35 mph speed restriction) marks the site of the former junction, immediately west of the station. The station ceased to handle goods traffic in 1968, when the remaining sidings were taken out of use & dismantled and the station signal box closed. It then became an unstaffed halt in October 1970 - the old station house still stands, but is now a private residence. The proximity of the old station platforms to the Wenning viaduct (and resulting safety concerns due to the steep drop) saw infrastructure operator Railtrack change the layout here in 1998. The eastern platform was refurbished, resurfaced and shortened at its eastern end, whilst a new wooden westbound platform was constructed on the opposite side of the footbridge to its predecessor (which was then demolished) and the bridge steps modified. As a result, the station is similar to neighbouring in having a wooden platform for westbound trains and a stone one for eastbound services. Facilities Waiting shelters are present on each platform, along with train information notice boards, but there are no toilets. At present, no ticket machine is available, so tickets can only be purchased on the train or in advance. The footbridge linking the platforms does not have ramps, so the westbound (trains heading towards Lancaster) platform is not accessible for disabled passengers: step-free access is possible on the eastbound
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wennington%20railway%20station	Wennington is a railway station on the Bentham Line, which runs between and via . The station, situated east of Lancaster, serves the village of Wennington in Lancashire. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains. History Originally opened by the "Little" North Western Railway in 1849 on their line between and , the station was rebuilt and expanded in 1865 prior to the opening of the Furness and Midland Joint Railway from in 1867. Thereafter it became a busy junction, with many passenger trains calling to detach through carriages for Carnforth from the main Morecambe portion if heading west or attaching them if heading east - a bay platform was provided at the east end of the station for this purpose, along with several sidings on the opposite side of the line for locomotive and carriage stabling (all since removed, along with the extra platform line). A number of local services (mainly from the Carnforth line) also originated or terminated there. Much of this activity ended with the withdrawal of local stopping trains on the Carnforth line in 1960 (though it remained in use for through services) and the closure of the Lancaster line to passengers in January 1966. The latter was then closed to all traffic the following year and subsequently lifted, although the abandoned trackbed can still be seen. The original station buildings have also been demolished and replaced by shelters, although the signal box remained in use as the last remaining block post on the line until 1988 – it was then closed & permanently "switched out" but was not formally abolished and removed until 2006. Accidents and incidents The junction was the site of a derailment on 11 August 1880 in which eight people were killed. Facilities The station is unstaffed and has no ticket-buying facilities. Passengers therefore must purchase these on the train or in advance of their journey. Train running information is provided by telephone and information posters. Step-free access is limited to the eastbound platform, as the westbound one can only be reached by footbridge. Services From Monday to Saturday, there were formerly five daily services to (journey time 25mins) and to & (1hr20). All but the first of the daily westbound departures continue onwards to . On Sundays there were four services in each direction all year round since the May 2011 timetable change - prior to this the first two departures each way ran only during the summer months. From the start of the May 2018 summer timetable, additional services have been introduced. Seven trains each way run to Lancaster and Skipton, with three of the former continuing to Morecambe and six of the latter to Leeds (though the direct train to and from Heysham has ceased). One additional train each way runs on Sundays. As of May 2019, one further service has been introduced each way, to bring the weekday frequency to eight in each direction. Five of these run to/from Morecambe. References Sources Bi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingemar%20Ragnemalm	Ingemar Ragnemalm is a Swedish computer programmer. He is best known for writing the Sprite Animation Toolkit, which was used in a number of video games for MacOS in the 1990s. Personal life He has a PhD in image processing and works as software developer and university teacher. He is the nephew of Hans Ragnemalm. References External links Home page of Ingemar Ragnemalm Course pages of Ingemar Ragnemalm Living people Video game programmers Computer graphics professionals Year of birth missing (living people)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bambaloo	Bambaloo is a children's television program formerly shown on the Seven Network between 2003 and 2007. More recently it has been shown on the ABC and is suitable for 3- to 5-year-olds. The show focuses on song repetition to help children anticipate the next activity. The show was created by famous Australian animator Yoram Gross and The Jim Henson Company for a total of 105 episodes. Characters Fidget the dog Jet the fish Portia the bird Jinx and Gypsy the mice Sam the human Jake the human There are also around 100 guests who get called to tell a story (and teach a lesson) to the Bambaloo tree friends by Jinx and Gypsy. Credited cast Angela Kelly (Sam the human and host) Andre Eikmeier (Jake the other human) Emma de Vries (puppeteer and voice of Portia) Adam Kronenberg (puppeteer and voice of Fidget) David Collins (puppeteer and voice of Jinx and Jet) Roslyn Oades (puppeteer and voice of Gypsy) Production Animated by Buster Dandy Productions which also did Five Minutes More and Blue Water High (even though the show was made by Southern Star). Bambaloo is a Yoram Gross/Jim Henson Television production. Produced in association with Seven Network. Episodes Series 1 (2003) Songs Coming Home Animal Boogie I Can Fly A To B It's Hot Hot Hot Tell Me Look Around Funny Sounds Time For A Change Creepy Crawlies Everything Around Us The World Is Turning Directions Let's Celebrate References External links Bambaloo at IMDb 2003 Australian television series debuts 2004 Australian television series endings Australian children's television series Australian preschool education television series Australian television shows featuring puppetry Australian Broadcasting Corporation original programming 2000s preschool education television series Seven Network original programming Television series by The Jim Henson Company Australian television series with live action and animation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slope%20One	Slope One is a family of algorithms used for collaborative filtering, introduced in a 2005 paper by Daniel Lemire and Anna Maclachlan. Arguably, it is the simplest form of non-trivial item-based collaborative filtering based on ratings. Their simplicity makes it especially easy to implement them efficiently while their accuracy is often on par with more complicated and computationally expensive algorithms. They have also been used as building blocks to improve other algorithms. They are part of major open-source libraries such as Apache Mahout and Easyrec. Item-based collaborative filtering of rated resources and overfitting When ratings of items are available, such as is the case when people are given the option of ratings resources (between 1 and 5, for example), collaborative filtering aims to predict the ratings of one individual based on his past ratings and on a (large) database of ratings contributed by other users. Example: Can we predict the rating an individual would give to the new Celine Dion album given that he gave the Beatles 5 out of 5? In this context, item-based collaborative filtering predicts the ratings on one item based on the ratings on another item, typically using linear regression (). Hence, if there are 1,000 items, there could be up to 1,000,000 linear regressions to be learned, and so, up to 2,000,000 regressors. This approach may suffer from severe overfitting unless we select only the pairs of items for which several users have rated both items. A better alternative may be to learn a simpler predictor such as : experiments show that this simpler predictor (called Slope One) sometimes outperforms linear regression while having half the number of regressors. This simplified approach also reduces storage requirements and latency. Item-based collaborative filtering is just one form of collaborative filtering. Other alternatives include user-based collaborative filtering where relationships between users are of interest, instead. However, item-based collaborative filtering is especially scalable with respect to the number of users. Item-based collaborative filtering of purchase statistics We are not always given ratings: when the users provide only binary data (the item was purchased or not), then Slope One and other rating-based algorithm do not apply. Examples of binary item-based collaborative filtering include Amazon's item-to-item patented algorithm which computes the cosine between binary vectors representing the purchases in a user-item matrix. Being arguably simpler than even Slope One, the Item-to-Item algorithm offers an interesting point of reference. Consider an example. In this case, the cosine between items 1 and 2 is: , The cosine between items 1 and 3 is: , Whereas the cosine between items 2 and 3 is: . Hence, a user visiting item 1 would receive item 3 as a recommendation, a user visiting item 2 would receive item 3 as a recommendation, and finally, a user visiting item 3 would rec
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr.%20Nim	Dr. Nim is a toy invented by John Thomas Godfrey and manufactured by E.S.R., Inc. in the mid-1960s. It consists of a marble-powered plastic computer capable of playing the game of Nim. The machine selects its moves through the action of the marbles falling through the levers of the machine. Game play and construction Dr. Nim is an early computer game. The "game board" is based on the mechanical Digi-Comp II digital computer. It has memory switches that hold bits of data. The unit is programmed by lobed levers that affect and are affected by marbles that are released from the top of the game. Three of the levers set the start position. The fourth lever is the 'equaliser' option; if set, the player can win if they play perfectly. A fifth lever acts as a switch to indicate whose turn it is. The player takes a turn by pressing a button to release one marble at a time, to a maximum of three, then flips the switch and presses the button again to start the machine's turn. After the machine has played, the last released marble flips the switch back to end the turn. Nim Dr. Nim was based on a mathematical game called NIM, which similarly consisted of twelve marbles. A simple strategy will always win as long as the opponent goes first. This is the strategy for single-pile NIM: If the opponent takes 3 marbles, the first player should take 1. If the opponent takes 2 marbles, the first player should take 2. Finally, if the opponent takes 1 marble, the first player should take 3. The goal of the game is to get the last marble (the 12th marble). Influence The mathematics communicator Matt Parker created a video about Dr. Nim. References External links Original manual: Icarus archive version (PDF), One-legged Sandpiper version (PDF) Dr Nim entry at Jim's Computer Museum The Amazing Dr Nim game/puzzle (5min), The Unbeatable Game from the 60s: Dr NIM (10min) on YouTube Dr. Nim Replica - Instructions and files for making your own Dr. Nim scale model Mechanical computers Educational toys
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subnotebook	Subnotebook, also called ultraportable, superportable, or mini notebook, was a marketing term for laptop computers that are smaller and lighter than a typical notebook-sized laptop. Types and sizes As typical laptop sizes have decreased over the course of the 2010s, and other distinguishing features have become mainstream, the distinction between regular-size and 'subnotebook' laptops has largely disappeared. To the extent that it still exists, 'subnotebook' could be defined as machines with screen smaller than 13" but with a permanently-attached keyboard intended for two-handed typing. Prior to this convergence, subnotebooks were also distinguished from netbooks and ultra-mobile PCs, based on both size and market position. Classic subnotebooks were smaller than full sized laptops but larger than handheld computers. They were distinguished by smaller screens and bodies and lighter weights relative to contemporaneous laptops. The savings in size and weight were often achieved partly by omitting ports, and these were typically the first machines to omit optical disc drives or on some of the earliest models, floppy disk drives. They were also some of the first systems which could be paired with docking stations to compensate. One notable form-factor of subnotebook-oriented docks were "slice docks" — a more transportable version of classic docking station. History Before 1992 The TRS-80 Model 100 from 1983 was one of the first mass-market portable computers, and was smaller than the clam-shell machines of the same era; it used a slate form factor, with no hinge and the keyboard and screen on the same plane. Its later sibling the Tandy 200 was a clam-shell design and smaller than contemporary laptops. Either could be regarded as an early subnotebook. The Compaq LTE, launched in 1989, was the first to be widely known as a "notebook computer" because its relatively small dimensions — 48 × 220 × 280 mm (1.9 × 8.5 × 11 inches) — matched those of a pair of stacked US Letter (similar to A4) size paper notebooks. In 1990 the Compaq release was followed by IBM PS/2 note and PS/55note lines (later, in October 1992 they was replaced by the first IBM ThinkPad), and by the relatively compact Sharp PC-6220 model. Starting around this time, portables with noticeably smaller form factors sometimes referred as subnotebooks. The term may have been first applied to the NEC UltraLite, unveiled in 1988 — although its dimensions (1.4" × 8.3" × 11.75") were very similar to the Compaq LTE, but slightly lighter (). There were also a few notable smaller-than subnotebook PCs at this time, including the Atari Portfolio and HP 95LX — both very small MS-DOS machines, roughly comparable in size to later handheld PCs. 1992–1995 At the end of 1992, PCMag magazine described two models as subnotebooks: these were the Gateway HandBook the Dell 320SLi (both less than a 1.6 kg weight), and another was released in Italy: the Olivetti Quaderno. Apple and Compaq did label the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circle%20Seven%20Animation	Circle Seven Animation (or Disney Circle Seven Animation) was a short-lived division of Walt Disney Feature Animation specializing in computer-generated imagery (CGI) animation and was originally intended to create sequels to the Disney-owned Pixar properties, leading rivals and animators to derisively nickname the division "Pixaren't". The studio did not release any films during its existence, nor were any of its scripts used by Pixar. The division was named after the street where its studio was located, Circle Seven Drive in Glendale, California which is also home to KABC-TV. Due to Disney's purchase of Pixar in January 2006, on May 26 of the same year, Disney shut down Circle Seven Animation, and transferred about 136 out of the studio's 168 employees to Walt Disney Feature Animation, which was renamed Walt Disney Animation Studios in 2007, and the planned Pixar sequels (which included Monsters Inc. 2: Lost in Scaradise, Finding Nemo 2 and the Circle Seven version of Toy Story 3) were cancelled following Circle Seven's closure. Background Pixar and Disney originally had a seven-film distribution agreement that gave Disney full ownership of Pixar's feature films and characters up to and including the film Cars, and the rights to make sequels. With the success of Toy Story 2 in the end of 1999, then-Disney CEO Michael Eisner and then-owner of Pixar Steve Jobs began to disagree on how Pixar should be run and the terms of a continued relationship. Eisner claimed that Toy Story 2, as it was a sequel, did not count towards the "original" film count of the agreement, though Jobs disagreed. Jobs announced in January 2004—after ten months of negotiations—that Pixar would not renew their agreement with Disney, and would seek out other distributors for releases starting in 2006. Jobs wanted Pixar to receive most of the profits that their films made (giving Disney the standard 10% distribution fee) as well as full ownership of any future films and characters that the studio would create after Cars (2006). Eisner found these terms unacceptable. Pixar executive producer John Lasseter, who had personally directed Toy Story (1995), A Bug's Life (1998), and Toy Story 2 (1999), became distraught over the breakdown of the Disney-Pixar relationship, as he was worried about what Disney might do with the characters Pixar had created. When he had to announce what had happened at a meeting of Pixar's 800 employees, Lasseter reportedly said, through tears, "It's like you have these dear children and you have to give them up to be adopted by convicted child molesters." Name Circle Seven Animation was named after the street where its studio was located, and the often-used Circle 7 logo, a television station logo in the United States designed in the early 1960s for ABC's five owned-and-operated stations, all of which broadcast on VHF channel 7. History In March 2004, Disney Circle Seven Animation was formed as a CGI animation studio to create sequels to the Dis
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TV2%20%28Hungarian%20TV%20channel%29	TV2 (TV Kettő) is a Hungarian free-to-air television channel operating since 4 October 1997, providing a large variety of programming. It is a competitor with RTL for the first place in Hungarian television ratings. Among its most popular self-produced shows were Megasztár ("Mega Star", an adaptation of Pop Idol), and the daily prime time soap Jóban Rosszban, and US shows like Desperate Housewives, NCIS, NCIS: Los Angeles, Numb3rs, Heroes, Smallville, House M.D., Ghost Whisperer and Lipstick Jungle. TV2 is aired throughout Hungary. TV2 is also aired in Slovakia, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, Ukraine and Austria. TV2 was one of the channels that was carried on the national analogue terrestrial service, along with M1, RTL Klub and the local channels, but those transmitters were shut down on 2 zones, on 31 July and 31 October 2013 respectively. The current CEO is the French-Bulgarian media professional Pavel Stanchev. History TV2 started broadcasting on October 4, 1997, three days before the start of the competitor RTL, so this channel was Hungary's first national commercial channel. The channel was initially owned by the SBS Broadcasting Group (through the company MTM-SBS Televízió Zrt.), which was bought by ProSiebenSat.1 Media AG in June 2007. At the end of 2013, the German media company sold its Hungarian and Romanian media interests. The Hungarian interest was sold to Yvonne Dederick, former financial director, and Zsolt Simon, then CEO. In the initial period, between 1997 and 2002, the entertainment programs were produced and produced by MTM Kommunikáció Kft. After that, Interaktiv Kft. took over the production tasks until 2013. Currently, IKO Műsorgyártó Kft. is the main supplier of the channel, the company also worked for the competing channel until 2015. On October 12, 2012, at 8:30 p.m., TV2 will broadcast The Voice – Magyarország hangja (The Voice of Hungary). began broadcasting high-definition programs with a talent search, but due to the lack of capacity, it was not realized on MinDig TV until 2013. In 2020, TV2 was the market-leading commercial television channel in Hungary in daytime. In February 2021, its streaming service called TV2 Play was launched, where previous programs and series can be watched. Ownership The channel was formerly owned by SBS until 2007, when it was sold to ProSiebenSat.1 Media. It was sold the management in 2013, and subsequently to film producer Andrew G. Vajna in 2015. Vajna died on 20 January 2019, and then the whole group was sold to József Vida in June 2019. Sister channels Its parent company, the TV2 Group, which was formed in 2013 replacing MTM-SBS, operates a portfolio which includes TV2 and its 14 sister channels. The sister channels are Super TV2, FEM3, Mozi+, Zenebutik, Izaura TV, Spíler 1 TV, Spíler 2 TV, PRIME, TV2 Séf, TV2 Kids, TV2 Comedy, Jocky TV and Moziverzum. TV2 also operated Irisz TV, which timeshared with Chellomedia's Zone Club and was broadcast at primetime between 13 Septemb
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laura%20Betterly	Laura Betterly, also known as Laura Betterly-Blom as the head of Data Resource Consulting, became notorious for sending large quantities of commercial e-mail in the early 21st century when she cracked as a joke, "call me the Spam Queen" to a Wall Street Journal reporter. Personal life Betterly was born in Long Island, New York and lived there until 1995. She is now a resident of Clearwater, Florida. She has been married to Steven Blom, an officer in her corporation, since 2002. She has two children from her first marriage, Chris and Craig. Career Before starting Data Resource Consulting, she was president and co-founder of Visiosonic, later known as PCDJ.COM, an mp3 music company. She worked with celebrities such as Ice T, Nile Rodgers, Jam Master Jay and Chaka Kahn. She has been a featured speaker at the Consumer Electronics Show and the Winter Music Conference. Bulk mail or spam At Data Resource Consulting, on a typical day, her firm would send out 8-10 million emails daily, charging clients $600–$1,000 per million emails and about half that amount for a sending a second time. She also charged clients for lead responses to emails. Unlike other mailers, Betterly said she did not forge headers, route messages through outside servers without permission, or use any of the other tricks that have drawn criticism of the spamming community. She also refused to send messages advertising adult products or services, or anything she believed to be illegal. She said that she only possessed the addresses of people who had expressed a desire to know more when signing up to other online services, and that she would honor any requests from recipients to unsubscribe from further mail. Estimates indicate she may have earned at least US$200,000 per year. She said that she was "just trying to make a living like everyone else." Betterly publicly attacked those who were critical of her practices, "I have a beef against what I consider hate groups that are trying to shut down commercial e-mail" and referred to what she did as "a win-win situation". To those who objected to what she did for a living she said, "I don't really care. As long as I'm not breaking any laws, you don't have to love me or like what I do for a living." Data Resource Consulting lost a legal case in Kansas small claims court on 9 September 2003 for failing to follow the spam laws in that state. Change of business model In September 2005, Betterly and the chairman of her corporation, Bob Cefail, "fired" their radio station in Clearwater, Florida where her program,"The Profit Doctors" aired, because the station management discontinued the toll-free call-in number for their listeners. The following year, the pair "rehired" the same radio station to air a new program called Scooopradio. Betterly took her company (In Touch Media Group) public and announced her retirement from the bulk commercial e-mail business on 10 October 2005, referring to spam as "a four-letter word" and stating that bulk e
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM%20Scalable%20POWERparallel	Scalable POWERparallel (SP) is a series of supercomputers from IBM. SP systems were part of the IBM RISC System/6000 (RS/6000) family, and were also called the RS/6000 SP. The first model, the SP1, was introduced in February 1993, and new models were introduced throughout the 1990s until the RS/6000 was succeeded by eServer pSeries in October 2000. The SP is a distributed memory system, consisting of multiple RS/6000-based nodes interconnected by an IBM-proprietary switch called the High Performance Switch (HPS). The nodes are clustered using software called PSSP, which is mainly written in Perl. Computer scientist Marc Snir was awarded the Seymour Cray Computer Engineering Award by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers in 2013 for his contributions to supercomputing, which included his work on the SP. Notable systems The Cornell Theory Center had a 512-node system that was ranked as the sixth fastest supercomputer in the world by the November 1995 edition of the Top500 List. From a peak performance of 136.19GFLOPS, it obtained 88.40GFLOPS on the LINPACK benchmark. Deep Blue, the first computer to win a chess game against a reigning world champion in a match with Garry Kasparov in 1996. ASCI Blue Pacific is a PowerPC 604-based system with a peak performance of 3.9TFLOPS. It was installed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) in 1998 as part of the Advanced Strategic Computing Initiative (ASCI). ASCI White is a 512-node system with a peak performance of 12.3TFLOPS. It was installed at the LLNL in 2001 as part of ASCI, and was ranked #1 in the Top500 List from November 2000 to November 2001. Seaborg, at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, was ranked as the fifth fastest supercomputer in the world when it debuted in the June 2003 edition of the Top500 List. From a peak performance of 9.98TFLOPS, it obtained 7.30TFLOPS on the LINPACK benchmark. Nodes POWER1-based POWER2-based PowerPC 604-based P2SC-based POWER3-based See also Blue Gene References External links Architectural overview Scalable POWERparallel Parallel computing PowerPC computers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atan2	In computing and mathematics, the function atan2 is the 2-argument arctangent. By definition, is the angle measure (in radians, with ) between the positive -axis and the ray from the origin to the point in the Cartesian plane. Equivalently, is the argument (also called phase or angle) of the complex number The function first appeared in the programming language Fortran in 1961. It was originally intended to return a correct and unambiguous value for the angle in converting from Cartesian coordinates to polar coordinates . If and , then and If , the desired angle measure is However, when , the angle is diametrically opposite the desired angle, and ± (a half turn) must be added to place the point in the correct quadrant. Using the function does away with this correction, simplifying code and mathematical formulas. Motivation The ordinary single-argument arctangent function only returns angle measures in the interval and when invoking it to find the angle measure between the -axis and an arbitrary vector in the Cartesian plane, there is no simple way to indicate a direction in the left half-plane (that is, a point with ). Diametrically opposite angle measures have the same tangent because so the tangent is not in itself sufficient to uniquely specify an angle. To determine an angle measure using the arctangent function given a point or vector mathematical formulas or computer code must handle multiple cases; at least one for positive values of and one for negative values of and sometimes additional cases when is negative or one coordinate is zero. Finding angle measures and converting Cartesian to polar coordinates are common in scientific computing, and this code is redundant and error-prone. To remedy this, computer programming languages introduced the function, at least as early as the Fortran IV language of the 1960s. The quantity is the angle measure between the -axis and a ray from the origin to a point anywhere in the Cartesian plane. The signs of and are used to determine the quadrant of the result and select the correct branch of the multivalued function . The function is useful in many applications involving Euclidean vectors such as finding the direction from one point to another or converting a rotation matrix to Euler angles. The function is now included in many other programming languages, and is also commonly found in mathematical formulas throughout science and engineering. Argument order In 1961, Fortran introduced the function with argument order so that the argument (phase angle) of a complex number is This follows the left-to-right order of a fraction written so that for positive values of However, this is the opposite of the conventional component order for complex numbers, or as coordinates See section Definition and computation. Some other programming languages (see § Realizations of the function in common computer languages) picked the opposite order instead. For example Micros
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pursuit%E2%80%93evasion	Pursuit–evasion (variants of which are referred to as cops and robbers and graph searching) is a family of problems in mathematics and computer science in which one group attempts to track down members of another group in an environment. Early work on problems of this type modeled the environment geometrically. In 1976, Torrence Parsons introduced a formulation whereby movement is constrained by a graph. The geometric formulation is sometimes called continuous pursuit–evasion, and the graph formulation discrete pursuit–evasion (also called graph searching). Current research is typically limited to one of these two formulations. Discrete formulation In the discrete formulation of the pursuit–evasion problem, the environment is modeled as a graph. Problem definition There are innumerable possible variants of pursuit–evasion, though they tend to share many elements. A typical, basic example is as follows (cops and robber games): Pursuers and evaders occupy nodes of a graph. The two sides take alternate turns, which consist of each member either staying put or moving along an edge to an adjacent node. If a pursuer occupies the same node as an evader the evader is captured and removed from the graph. The question usually posed is how many pursuers are necessary to ensure the eventual capture of all the evaders. If one pursuer suffices, the graph is called a cop-win graph. In this case, a single evader can always be captured in time linear to the number of n nodes of the graph. Capturing r evaders with k pursuers can take in the order of r&hairsp;n time as well, but the exact bounds for more than one pursuer are still unknown. Often the movement rules are altered by changing the velocity of the evaders. This velocity is the maximum number of edges that an evader can move along in a single turn. In the example above, the evaders have a velocity of one. At the other extreme is the concept of infinite velocity, which allows an evader to move to any node in the graph so long as there is a path between its original and final positions that contains no nodes occupied by a pursuer. Similarly some variants arm the pursuers with "helicopters" which allow them to move to any vertex on their turn. Other variants ignore the restriction that pursuers and evaders must always occupy a node and allow for the possibility that they are positioned somewhere along an edge. These variants are often referred to as sweeping problems, whilst the previous variants would fall under the category of searching problems. Variants Several variants are equivalent to important graph parameters. Specifically, finding the number of pursuers necessary to capture a single evader with infinite velocity in a graph G (when pursuers and evader are not constrained to move turn by turn, but move simultaneously) is equivalent to finding the treewidth of G, and a winning strategy for the evader may be described in terms of a haven in G. If this evader is invisible to the pursuers then the p
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NZR%20B%20class%20%281874%29	The NZR B class of 1874 was the first of two steam locomotive classes to be designated as B by the Railways Department that then oversaw New Zealand's national rail network (the second B class was introduced in 1899). Ordered from the Avonside Engine Company in 1874, the locomotives were of the Double Fairlie type and were the first British-built locomotives to feature Walschaerts valve gear. They were not the first Double Fairlies to operate in New Zealand, as the first two members of the E class had commenced operations in 1872. Introduction The first member of the B class, nicknamed Snake, was introduced in September 1874 and it worked in Auckland; it was followed by its partner Lady Mordaunt on 5 April 1875, which was based in Otago. This locomotive had been ordered by the Otago Provincial Council to work the lightly laid Awamoko branch, but advice received by the council before it an arrived was that it was too heavy. It was sent to work elsewhere and two more locomotives were ordered instead. In 1876, the Provinces of New Zealand were abolished and a national locomotive classification method was established, and it first split these locomotives into separate classes. The Auckland-based Snake became the sole member of the B class in 1876; Otago locomotives were omitted from the national classification initially, but in 1877, it was necessary to include them as the Main South Line linked the southern provinces. Despite Lady Mordaunt being almost identical to Snake, it was classified as the sole member of the NZR N class as Otago locomotives were classified by an inverse ranking of locomotive weight while all others were classified by cylinder diameter and the number of wheels. Both of these methods of allocating classifications quickly proved impractical and were discarded; in 1879, Lady Mordaunt was reclassified as B class like Snake and they bore the classification for the remainder of their working lives. The numbers allocated to the locomotives did not stay the same all their lives either. For example, Snake was initially B 10, then B 51, and finally B 238. Disposal The two Bs proved unpopular with crews and failed to generate sufficient power, leading to their early withdrawal from service., Snake was retired in 1890 not long after receiving the number of B 238, while Lady Mordaunt lasted another six years. Three of the locomotives four power bogies were used under NZR-built steam cranes, nos 101-103. With both locomotives removed from the Railways Department's books, the B classification was free to be used again in 1899; the N classification was also re-used after it was vacated by Lady Mordaunt, by the N class of 1885. See also NZR E class (1872) NZR R class NZR S class Locomotives of New Zealand References Citations Bibliography B class (1874) 0-4-4-0T locomotives Avonside locomotives Fairlie locomotives 3 ft 6 in gauge locomotives of New Zealand Scrapped locomotives Railway locomotives introduced in 1874 A
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flooding%20%28computer%20networking%29	Flooding is used in computer network routing algorithms in which every incoming packet is sent through every outgoing link except the one it arrived on. Flooding is used in bridging and in systems such as Usenet and peer-to-peer file sharing and as part of some routing protocols, including OSPF, DVMRP, and those used in ad-hoc wireless networks (WANETs). Types There are generally two types of flooding available, uncontrolled flooding and controlled flooding. In uncontrolled flooding each node unconditionally distributes packets to each of its neighbors. Without conditional logic to prevent indefinite recirculation of the same packet, broadcast storms are a hazard. Controlled flooding has its own two algorithms to make it reliable, SNCF (Sequence Number Controlled Flooding) and RPF (reverse-path forwarding). In SNCF, the node attaches its own address and sequence number to the packet, since every node has a memory of addresses and sequence numbers. If it receives a packet in memory, it drops it immediately while in RPF, the node will only send the packet forward. If it is received from the next node, it sends it back to the sender. Algorithms There are several variants of flooding algorithms. Most work roughly as follows: Each node acts as both a transmitter and a receiver. Each node tries to forward every message to every one of its neighbors except the source node. This results in every message eventually being delivered to all reachable parts of the network. Algorithms may need to be more complex than this, since, in some case, precautions have to be taken to avoid wasted duplicate deliveries and infinite loops, and to allow messages to eventually expire from the system. Selective flooding A variant of flooding called selective flooding partially addresses these issues by only sending packets to routers in the same direction. In selective flooding, the routers don't send every incoming packet on every line but only on those lines which are going approximately in the right direction. Advantages The advantages of this method are that it is very simple to implement, if a packet can be delivered then it will (probably multiple times), and since flooding naturally utilizes every path through the network it will also use the shortest path. Disadvantages Flooding can be costly in terms of wasted bandwidth. While a message may only have one destination it has to be sent to every host. In the case of a ping flood or a denial of service attack, it can be harmful to the reliability of a computer network. Messages can become duplicated in the network further increasing the load on the network as well as requiring an increase in processing complexity to disregard duplicate messages. Duplicate packets may circulate forever, unless certain precautions are taken: Use a hop count or a time to live (TTL) count and include it with each packet. This value should take into account the number of nodes that a packet may have to pass through on the way t
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KDTP-LP	KDTP-LP, UHF analog channel 58, was a low-powered Jewelry Television-affiliated television station in Phoenix, Arizona, United States. The station was owned by the Daystar Television Network. History The original construction permit for low-power television station K58DV was granted to Atrium Broadcasting Company (later Venture Technologies Group, LLC) on August 21, 1990, with the transmitter to be located on South Mountain in Phoenix. The FCC granted the license on September 29, 1992. Originally, K58DV aired programming from The Box, a music video channel based in the UK. In February 1996, the station took the call letters KPHZ-LP. In 2000, the station changed its programming to America's Collectibles Network, or ACN (now Jewelry Television). In September 2002, Venture Technologies Group sold KPHZ-LP to NBC Telemundo, along with stations KPHZ and KPSW-CA (now KTAZ and KPDF-CD, respectively). In June 2006, as part of the Telemundo/Daystar license swap, NBC Telemundo sold KPHZ-LP to Daystar, along with station KDRX-CA (now KDPH-LD). In August 2006, Daystar changed the station's call letters to KDTP-LP. The station's license was cancelled by the Federal Communications Commission on March 17, 2016, after having been silent since December 31, 2011. Channel 58 is now used by former sister station KDPH-LD as a Jewelry Television affiliate, as KDTP-LP was prior to going off the air. References DTP-LP Television channels and stations established in 1992 1992 establishments in Arizona Defunct television stations in the United States Television channels and stations disestablished in 2016 2016 disestablishments in Arizona
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probing%20Lensing%20Anomalies%20Network	The Probing Lensing Anomalies NETwork (PLANET) collaboration coordinates a network of telescopes to rapidly sample photometric measurements of the magnification of stars in the galactic bulge undergoing gravitational microlensing by intervening foreground stars (or other compact massive objects). This network consists of five 1m-class optical telescopes distributed in longitude around the southern hemisphere in order to perform quasi-continuous round-the-clock precision monitoring. On a target-of-opportunity basis, less frequent spectroscopic measurements complement the rapid photometry for selected prime targets. Since 2005, PLANET performs a common microlensing campaign with RoboNet-1.0, a network of UK-operated 2.0m robotic telescopes. In January 2009, PLANET has merged with the MicroFUN collaboration. Telescopes For the 2006 observing season, the telescopes involved were (apart from the RoboNet telescopes): Danish 1.54m telescope at ESO, La Silla, Chile 1.0 meter telescope at Canopus Observatory of the University of Tasmania, Australia 0.6 meter telescope at the Perth Observatory South African Astronomical Observatory 1.0 meter telescope at Sutherland, South Africa Rockefeller 1.52 meter telescope at Boyden Observatory (Bloemfontein), South Africa Members As of late 2006, PLANET had 31 members from 11 countries: France, United Kingdom, Germany, Denmark, Austria, Chile, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and the United States. References External links PLANET legacy pages (1995-2007) uFUN-PLANET Gravitational lensing
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar%20Science	Solar Science is an educational television series. The series appeared on The Science Channel cable network. The program was hosted by Bill Ratner. The program's main subject was the solar system. The episodes were "The Edge Of Darkness", "A Star Is Born" and "Heavens Above". References Astronomy education television series
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD%20Unlimited	DVD Unlimited was a DVD-by-mail service based in Auckland, New Zealand. It was a wholly owned unit of SKY Network Television. It competed directly with Movieshack and Fatso. DVD Unlimited was originally based in Nelson, and was created in late 2003 by Don and Sandy Webster, a couple who ran a traditional video store there. Due to health reasons preventing the normal operation of the video store, the couple created an online store modeled after Netflix. DVD Unlimited was subsequently purchased by SKY TV for an undisclosed sum and promptly formed an alliance with both Blockbuster (New Zealand) and the Telecom New Zealand XtraMSN portal. In June, 2008 the company announced a merger with former competitors Fatso and Movieshack. Screen Enterprises Limited was formed by merging the businesses of DVD Unlimited, Fatso and Movie Shack. According to the 2008 Sky TV annual report, the three firms were all struggling with the business model that has "yet to be accepted in New Zealand". SKY owns 51% of Screen Enterprises Limited and as such all subscribers are consolidated into SKY’s results. The company completed the switch-over of its services in November 2008, when it switched its members to the new service which now operates under the Fatso name. References External links DVD Unlimited Online retailers of New Zealand Video rental services Retail companies established in 2003 Internet properties established in 2003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouse%20wheel	Mouse wheel may refer to: Hamster wheel Treadmill Treadwheel The scroll wheel of a computer mouse

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