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MARCO_57_1227170091-2
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(More) Question Updated 144 days ago|9/11/2020 8:50:28 PM 0 Answers/Comments _______ was the scandal involving a break-in at the Democratic headquarters and President Nixon's cover-up of the incident. Weegy: Watergate Scandal was the scandal involving a break-in at the Democratic headquarters and President Nixon's cover-up of the incident. (More) Question Updated 144 days ago|9/11/2020 10:33:06 PM 0 Answers/Comments 33,205,070 questions answered
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MARCO_04_232079116-2
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Others saw the resignation of the president of confirmation that the Constitution was working, and even the President was not above the law. The Watergate Affair also served as a civics lesson to the public. Many began to pay close attention to their representatives and to begin to question the leaders in Washington and in local and state offices. An immediate effect was a closer examination of the activities of the executive office by the legislative and judicial branches. Add a Comment Your Answer What were the effects of the Watergate scandal? Write your answer... 0/5000 B U I Sign up or log in Post Your Answer Still Have Questions? Find More Answers
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{
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MARCO_09_1265604936-1
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Nixon's Resignation: 40 Years Later - The Atlantic Politics Nixon's Resignation: 40 Years Later Arthur Schlesinger, Hunter S. Thompson, Seymour Hersh, Elizabeth Drew, Evan Thomas, and others on the fall of a president and its aftermath, from The Atlantic archives David A. Graham August 8, 2014 AP/Noah Gordon/The Atlantic On the evening of August 8, 1974, Richard Milhous Nixon sat at his desk in the Oval Office and announced that he was resigning the office of the president. The next day, he submitted his letter of resignation to Henry Kissinger and left for Yorba Linda, California. In his immediate wake, Nixon left a shattered and confused nation, a host of spurned aides, and an accidental president. The fallout from Watergate stripped the nation of its political innocence, revolutionized executive power, and bequeathed a range of new reforms. It sent a huge new crop of politicians to Washington. It marked the American vocabulary, producing a range of new expressions and one durable naming scheme for scandals. We're still grappling with the scandal today: In every debate about executive power or campaign-finance law or White House press management, Nixon looms in the background, glowering under his perpetually furrowed brow.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382503"
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MARCO_22_909274456-3
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Following Watergate came a series of “good government” reforms, including tighter regulation of campaign activities, political contributions and lobbying, a stronger federal ethics law, and creation of a permanent independent special prosecutor to investigate wrongdoing by top officials. Periodic campaign finance reporters were required, public financing of presidential campaigns was introduced, and financial disclosure requirements were instituted for high-ranking officials in all three branches of the federal government. The reforms also brought in a substantially strengthened federal Freedom of Information Act in 1974, and two years later the Government in the Sunshine Act mandated federal agencies to hold open-door meetings. The scandal also had a dramatic influence on journalism, sparking interest in investigative reporting by thousands of journalists and students, and setting an example for generations of reporters to come.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382503"
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MARCO_26_1959021117-18
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He was able to minimize attachment to it, and handle it discreetly.This was the start of a new era of politics-an era of 'dirty' politics in which there were more corrupt men in office than honest. It is no wonder that around this time, people started becoming more apathetic towards politics, and we are still feeling the apathy today. Watergate The Watergate scandal was now over, but its effects were long-lasting. It immediately led to campaign finance reform legislation and other good government measures. But at the same time, the scandal fed into a growing disillusionment and lack of faith in government that exists to this day. Bill Clinton's impeachment on the views of US citizens concerning trust in the federal government and its leaders We learned that politics are very likely to determine how one views evidence in impeachment case--not a surprising lesson to be sure, but the final votes in both the House and Senate turned out to be surprisingly partisan. Moreover, the analysis of academics--people trained to look objectively at evidence--who threw themselves into the impeachment fray was, if anything, even more partisan than that of the politicians.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382504"
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MARCO_56_1150902301-2
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Something to Lose BOOK CLUB: John Dean on Nixon GALLERY: Watergate, 40 Years Later VIDEO: Nixon Resigns National Archive/Newsmakers/Getty Images The over-all effect of Watergate is seen as having a cleansing effect on the nation's political process. Former Attorney General Elliot Richardson puts it this way: 'Watergate has made one significant contribution, at least to the extent that there are many officeholders who are becoming convinced that honest politics – open, candid politics – is the best politics.' Much the same thought comes from the Senate's No. 2 Republican, Robert Griffin, of Michigan: 'I think we should have learned that we do have to have an open Presidency and that the people need to know what is going on.' That is just the kind of Presidency that Gerald R. Ford has vowed to conduct, as he said on August 9, by following his own 'instincts of openness and candor.' In the future. But if more candor in politics is the most immediate effect, it is far from the only one. Even more far-reaching results may lie ahead, in the view of political leaders and students of politics and government.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382504"
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KILT_14458938-57
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Nixon's onetime opponent George McGovern commented in 1983, 'President Nixon probably had a more practical approach to the two superpowers, China and the Soviet Union, than any other president since World War II [ ...] With the exception of his inexcusable continuation of the war in Vietnam, Nixon really will get high marks in history.' Political scientist Jussi Hanhimäki disagrees, saying that Nixon's diplomacy was merely a continuation of the Cold War policy of containment by diplomatic, rather than military means. Historian Keith W. Olson has written that Nixon left a legacy of fundamental mistrust of government, rooted in Vietnam and Watergate. Another legacy, for a time, was a decrease in the power of the presidency as Congress passed restrictive legislation like the War Powers Act and the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974. Section::::Further reading. BULLET::::- Dallek, Robert, 'Nixon and Kissinger: Partners in Power'. HarperCollins, 2007. BULLET::::- Garrison, Jean A. 'Games Advisors Play: Foreign Policy in the Nixon and Carter Administrations' (1999) online BULLET::::- Graff, Henry F., ed. 'The Presidents: A Reference History' (3rd ed. 2002) BULLET::::- Hanhimäki, Jussi.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382505"
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MARCO_06_1902336129-3
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Stephen Lovekin/Getty Images Later in life Nixon\'s reputation was rehabilitated, as his roles in helping the civil rights movement and opening diplomatic channels between the West, Soviet Russia and Mao\'s China, were acknowledged and praised. Before his death in 1994, Nixon was acknowledged by many as a respected elder statesman, rather than a criminal. David McNew/Getty Images Share More
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382506"
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MARCO_08_1153244116-2
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Nixon had won reelection in 1972 by a landslide and began his second term with a lofty 68% Gallup Poll approval rating in January 1973. But the Watergate scandal – which started with an effort to bug the Democratic National Committee office at the Watergate Hotel and subsequent efforts to cover it up – quickly took a heavy toll on those ratings, especially when coupled with a ramp-up in public concerns about inflation. By April, a resounding 83% of the American public had heard or read about Watergate, as the president accepted the resignations of his top aides John Ehrlichman and H.R. Haldeman. And in turn, Nixon’s approval ratings fell to 48%. But that was just the beginning of the toll the scandal would take on the president that year. The televised Watergate hearings that began in May 1973, chaired by Sen. Samuel Ervin, commanded a large national audience – 71% told Gallup they watched the hearings live. And as many as 21% reported watching 10 hours or more of the Ervin proceedings. Not too surprisingly, Nixon’s popularity took a severe hit. His ratings fell as low as 31%, in Gallup’s early August survey. The public had changed its view of the scandal.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382506"
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WAPO_9b10cb0c58de02be4cf2c8c360030bfa-1
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This week marks the 40th anniversary of President Richard M. Nixon's resignation. As you'd expect, the media has been thick with retrospectives and bookstore shelves are groaning with the weight of expertly timed new revelations from those who were there. If you were wondering what Watergate meant for American politics this week, there are dozens of people waiting to offer you their ideas. However, Nixon has had quite a legacy in pop culture too. His presidency was recent enough that we remember the context surrounding his career, and he's disgraced enough that he has become one of the easiest and most accessible shorthand for 'corrupt politician' in our ever-growing arsenal of references. And, his inelegant exit from the White House means that entertainers have perhaps felt even more entitled to make fun of him than other presidents -- teasing Andrew Johnson doesn't have quite the same effect. Although reverence for the presidency has drifted quite a bit since Nixon left town, as you can tell by all the presidents who have been skewered on 'Saturday Night Live' since. Although Nixon has never topped lists of the best presidents in American presidency, he would surely top a poll that asked respondents to pick the most Shakespearean president every now and then.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382507"
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WAPO_edfb8d64-5e96-11e2-8acb-ab5cb77e95c8-1
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Regarding the Jan. 11 Style article, “To Nixon friends, his legacy is clear,” on the legacy of President Richard Nixon on the centennial of his birth: I am surprised the authors did not mention Nixon’s enduring domestic legislation, which created the Environmental Protection Agency, the Clean Air and Water Acts, the earned income tax credit, Equal Employment Opportunity Act, Endangered Species Act and the Occupation Safety and Health Administration, among other progressive legislation. Indeed, in many respects Nixon was a demonstrably liberal president whose accomplishments in both foreign policy and domestic legislation were unfortunately overshadowed by Watergate. Allan Wendt, Washington
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382507"
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MARCO_00_1254173326-28
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In 1972, the headquarters of the Democratic National Committee (DNC) occupied the entire sixth floor of the 11-story building at 2600 Virginia Avenue building. The DNC had occupied the space since the building opened in 1967. On May 28, 1972, a team of burglars working for President Richard M. Nixon's re-election campaign bugged the phones of and took photos in and near the DNC chairman's office. The phone taps were monitored from the burglars' rooms (first Room 419, later Room 723) at the Howard Johnson's Motor Lodge across the street at 2601 Virginia Avenue NW. During a second burglary on June 17, 1972, to replace a malfunctioning phone tap and collect more information, five of the burglars were arrested and the Watergate scandal began to unfold. A plaque on the sixth floor of the office building portion of the Watergate Hotel commemorates the break-in. The break-in at the Democratic National Headquarters was not the first break-in at the Watergate. The first break-in, however, shares a remarkable connection with the DNC burglary. The first break-in at the complex was the burglary of a residential unit in 1969. The victim was Rose Mary Woods, President Nixon's personal secretary. The burglars took jewelry and some personal items.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382508"
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MARCO_19_611783145-49
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Based on these revelations, Texas A&M history professor Luke Nichter, who had successfully petitioned for the release of the information, argued that Woodward and Bernstein were incorrect in concluding, based largely on Watergate burglar James McCord's word, that the purpose of the break-in was to bug O'Brien's phone to gather political and financial intelligence on the Democrats. Instead, Nichter sided with late journalist J. Anthony Lukas of The New York Times, who had concluded that the committee was seeking to find evidence linking the Democrats to prostitution, as it was alleged that Oliver's office had been used to arrange such meetings. However, Nichter acknowledged that Woodward and Bernstein's theory of O'Brien as the target could not be debunked unless information was released about what Baldwin heard in his bugging of conversations. In 1968, O'Brien was appointed by Vice President Hubert Humphrey to serve as the national director of Humphrey's presidential campaign and, separately, by Howard Hughes to serve as Hughes' public-policy lobbyist in Washington. O'Brien was elected national chairman of the DNC in 1968 and 1970. In late 1971, the president's brother, Donald Nixon, was collecting intelligence for his brother at the time and asked John H. Meier, an adviser to Howard Hughes, about O'Brien.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382508"
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MARCO_46_456960792-21
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And the ensuing post-Watergate investigations into the intelligence agencies revealed to the nation an Executive branch that had undertaken many illegal and questionable activities unknown to the Congress and the public. The Watergate Hotel complex. Yet questions remain. The actual purpose of the Watergate break-in itself has never been adequately established. The explanation that it was to replace one faulty bug among those earlier placed in the Democratic National Committee Headquarters has some problems with it, including the fact that the first sweeps of the offices revealed no such bugs. Jim Hougan's Secret Agenda delves into this issue in some detail. Some of the burglars were told by Hunt that the purpose was to locate materials showing that DNC head Larry O'Brien was getting funds from Fidel Castro, but this contrived explanation was probably given to the Cuban exiles simply as motivation. Who ordered the break-in? Evidence that Nixon knew about the break-in before it happened is lacking, though tapes revealed he did order other such operations, such as a break-in at the Brookings Institute that was never carried out. There is controversy over whether CRP head John Mitchell approved it. The reasons Nixon moved immediately to cover up the White House's ties to the break-in remain unclear. And was the arrest of the burglars an unlucky accident?
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382509"
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MARCO_50_2128988370-10
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As the prowlers were preparing to break into the office with a new microphone, a security guard noticed someone had taped over several of the building’s door locks. The guard called the police, who arrived just in time to catch the spies red-handed. It was not immediately clear that the burglars were connected to the president, though suspicions were raised when detectives found copies of the reelection committee’s White House phone number among the burglars’ belongings. Watergate Scandal - Facts & Summary - HISTORY.com Why did the burglars raid the Democratic campaign office? John Dean tell us it was the result of a tip claiming the Democrat’s fundraising was engaging in illegal, or at least embarrassing, activities: Dean's new revelation is that the origin of the Watergate break-in was a 'tip' that Nixon received about an alleged Democratic fundraising kickback scheme and Nixon's subsequent desire for more information. If Dean's revelation is correct, it would change the popular understanding of the origin of the Watergate break-in. That's no small claim. A reasonable person would then want to know more about the kickback scheme and the role that it may have played in the Watergate break-in and other 'dirty tricks' operations. After all, Dean says, the matter is 'very clear.'
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382510"
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MARCO_57_173176140-4
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Exactly what the burglars were hoping to find, through either photographing documents or bugging the office, is still somewhat unclear. Hunt insisted they were looking for evidence that the DNC was receiving money from the North Vietnamese or Cuban governments. Liddy has recently claimed the plan was to find information embarrassing to White House counsel John Dean. Perhaps the most popular theory is that Nixon was worried that O'Brien knew about his financial dealings with billionaire tycoon Howard Hughes, for whom O'Brien served as a lobbyist in addition to his DNC duties. A large loan from Hughes to Nixon's brother had become an issue in the 1960 presidential race (which Nixon lost narrowly), and when Nixon took office in 1969, Hughes reportedly gave him $100,000 (about $650,000 today) by way of the president's friend Charles 'Bebe' Rebozo, some of which, a 60 Minutes report alleged, went toward Nixon's house in Florida. If that was in fact what the money was used for, it'd be natural for Nixon to fear what O'Brien could do with that knowledge. There is no smoking gun indicating that Nixon ordered the break-in personally.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382510"
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MARCO_02_1884606143-5
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The presiding judge, John Sirica, was unconvinced with the intruders' testimony that they acted solely in their own interest and that there was no connection to Nixon. Meanwhile, Congress intervened when the Senate organized the Watergate Committee to investigate the event. Needless to say, the walls were closing in around Nixon, and it became much worse. John Mitchell, the head of CREEP, was convicted of engaging in illegal activities by federal prosecutors. When that information became public, Judge Sirica increased the pressure on the Watergate intruders. In March, Sirica finally achieved his desired outcome when one of the intruders released information linking CREEP to the break-in. The dominoes were now falling one by one. In May, another convicted intruder testified before the Watergate Committee and revealed additional information linking not only CREEP, but the Nixon Administration to the events at Watergate. Eventually, the Watergate Committee called on John Dean, who was Nixon's lead legal counsel, who testified to Nixon's involvement in the break-in and cover-up. Simultaneously, the one piece of evidence that Congress, as well as the federal prosecution, needed was Nixon's taped conversations in the Oval Office.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382511"
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MARCO_14_1388732263-3
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The scandal eventually led to the resignation of Richard Nixon, the President of the United States, on August 9, 1974, the only resignation of a U.S. President. The scandal also resulted in the indictment, trial, conviction and incarceration of 43 people, including dozens of Nixon's top administration officials. The affair began with the arrest of five men for breaking and entering into the Democratic National Committee (DNC) headquarters at the Watergate complex on June 17, 1972. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) connected cash found on the burglars to a slush fund used by the Committee for the Re-Election of the President, a fundraising group for the Nixon campaign. In July 1973, as evidence mounted against the president's staff, including testimony provided by former staff members in an investigation conducted by the Senate Watergate Committee, it was revealed that President Nixon had a tape-recording system in his offices and he had recorded many conversations. Recordings from these tapes implicated the president, revealing he had attempted to cover up the break-in. After a protracted series of bitter court battles, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the president had to hand over the tapes to government investigators; he ultimately complied.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382511"
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MARCO_17_2458045526-8
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In January 1973, the same month in which President Nixon began his second term, the burglars each went on trial separately before U.S. District Judge John Sirica; all pleaded or were found guilty. That February, the United States Senate voted to create a special investigative committee to look into the scandal. The resultant Senate Watergate hearings, led by Sam Ervin, commenced in May 1973. Broadcast 'gavel-to-gavel' nationwide by PBS and (alternately) by the three U.S. commercial networks — ABC, CBS and NBC, the hearings aroused and held great public interest through that summer. Senators heard testimony that the president had approved plans to cover up administration involvement with the Watergate break-in, and learned of the existence of a voice-activated taping system in the Oval Office. Separately, on May 25, 1973, Attorney General Elliot Richardson appointed Archibald Cox as special prosecutor for the federal investigation into possible Nixon administration ties to the Watergate burglary. When the existence of tape recorded White House conversations became known in July of that year, both Cox and the Senate Watergate Committee asked Judge Sirica to issue a subpoena for several 'relevant and important' recordings and documents.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382512"
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MARCO_36_967030024-3
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The letter But a handful of journalists, along with the Judge John Sirica, who presided over the burglars’ trials, sensed there was more to the story. In March 1973, the judge released a letter written by McCord in which he said White House officials had pressured the defendants to plead guilty. As the scandal blew up, Nixon and his aides were suspected of obstruction of justice by planning to use the CIA to stop the FBI’s investigation. Some Nixon administration officials later were convicted of charges relating to Watergate. They included John Mitchell, Nixon’s onetime campaign chairman and attorney general; former White House Chief of Staff H.R. Haldeman; John Dean, the White House counsel; and John Ehrlichman, his domestic policy adviser. ’ Saturday Night Massacre’ Though the burglary trial had ended, the fallout over the scandal was just beginning. The Senate voted to create a special investigative committee to look into Watergate. On July 13, 1973, a White House aide told Senate committee members that Nixon had taped all his Oval Office conversations. A battle ensued over the release of tapes recorded after the break-in. Archibald Cox, who was appointed Watergate special prosecutor, subpoenaed the tapes. Nixon refused to turn them over.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382512"
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MARCO_42_1358434890-3
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On May 17, 1973, the Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities, headed by Senator Sam Ervin of North Carolina, began televised proceedings on the rapidly escalating Watergate affair. One week later, Harvard Law professor Archibald Cox was sworn in as special Watergate prosecutor. During the Senate hearings, former White House legal counsel John Dean testified that the Watergate break-in had been approved by former Attorney General John Mitchell with the knowledge of White House advisers Ehrlichman and Haldeman, and that President Nixon had been aware of the cover-up. Meanwhile, Watergate prosecutor Cox and his staff began to uncover widespread evidence of political espionage by the Nixon re-election committee, illegal wiretapping of thousands of citizens by the administration, and contributions to the Republican Party in return for political favors. READ MORE: Watergate: Who Did What and Where Are They Now? In July, the existence of what were to be called the Watergate tapes–official recordings of White House conversations between Nixon and his staff–was revealed during the Senate hearings. Cox subpoenaed these tapes, and after three months of delay President Nixon agreed to send summaries of the recordings. Cox rejected the summaries, and Nixon fired him.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382513"
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MARCO_02_346403764-16
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Initially it was unclear if there was any connection between the burglary and the Nixon administration but gradually it was revealed that the White House was involved. Then on July 16, 1973, former White House aide Alexander P. Butterfield testified that since 1971 the White House routinely recorded conversations. The taping was undertaken ostensibly to provide a historical record of the Nixon Administration, but it soon emerged as a means to prove President Nixon's guilt or innocence. When the existence of the tapes was revealed, the Senate Watergate Committee requested access to them. Unable to come to an agreement with Nixon on releasing the tapes, the Senate Committee called on the President to produce the tapes. Special Prosecutor Archibald Cox also issued a subpoena for the tapes as part of his investigation. President Nixon responded by refusing to release the tapes, claiming that his conversations were private and hence protected from forced disclosure by the doctrine of executive privilege-a concept which permits officers of the executive branch to maintain a level of privacy to promote open and vigorous debate. In his refusal, Nixon stated unequivocally that the tapes were “entirely consistent with what I have stated to be the truth.” This confrontation set the stage for the United States v. Nixon, in which the Court ruled unanimously that President Nixon must turn over the tapes.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382514"
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MARCO_24_1308077788-291
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When it was revealed that the president had taped many conversations in the White House Oval Office, both the Senate investigating committee and the special prosecutor attempted to secure the tapes. The president refused to release them, claiming separation of powers and executive privilege, the right of the president to keep his conversations confidential. The special prosecutor subpoenaed the tapes, and a federal judge ordered President Nixon to release them. Nixon refused and instead turned to the Supreme Court for a judgment on executive privilege. C onstitutional Issue★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★ The question for the Court to decide was whether the president could refuse to surrender the tapes and other information to a federal court for possible use against those charged in connection with the Watergate break-in. ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★ The Supreme Court’s Decision★★★★★★★★★★★★★★ The Court agreed unanimously that the president had to turn over the tapes. Chief Justice Warren E. Burger wrote for the Court.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382514"
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MARCO_31_574457820-1
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The Smoking Gun Tape The Smoking Gun Tape Jun 23, 1972 This is the transcript and recording of a meeting between President Nixon and his Chief of Staff, H.R. Haldeman, in the Oval Office on June 23, 1972. The conversation took place from 10.04am to 11.39am. The recording subsequently became known as the Smoking Gun and led directly to Nixon’s resignation. The release of the tape was ordered by the Supreme Court on July 24, 1974, in a case known as United States v. Nixon. The court’s decision was unanimous. President Nixon released the tape on August 5. It was one of three conversations he had with Haldeman six days after the Watergate break-in. The tapes prove that he ordered a cover-up of the Watergate burglary. The Smoking Gun tape reveals that Nixon ordered the FBI to abandon its investigation of the break-in. After the release of the tape, the eleven Republicans on the Judiciary Committee who voted against impeachment charges said they would change their votes. It was clear that Nixon would be impeached and convicted in the Senate. Nixon announced his resignation on August 8. Listen to the Smoking Gun tape (8m) From the Richard Nixon Library (6m) Transcript of the “smoking gun” tape, June 23, 1972.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382515"
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MARCO_56_806901575-8
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The Senate panel called a number of witnesses to testify -- including top administration aides like senior advisers H.R. Haldeman, John Ehrlichman and John Dean, Attorney General John Mitchell and Nixon assistant Alexander Butterfield. Perhaps the most surprising revelation that emerged from the hearings was the acknowledgement of listening devices and a taping system in the Oval Office, which were confirmed by Butterfield in his appearance before the committee. The existence of such a taping system set off a protracted legal battle between federal courts and the president. After losing his fight to keep the tapes private, Nixon eventually handed them over to special investigators who discovered an 18 and-a-half minute gap on one of the tapes, which audio experts later said had been deliberately erased. To this day, no one knows what was erased, but most believe it was some type of incriminating evidence spoken by someone in the Oval Office -- mainly because it occurred at a portion of the tape where the Watergate investigation was being discussed. Advertisement Ultimately, the tapes provided incontrovertible evidence that Nixon at one point attempted to obstruct justice by asking to use the CIA to shut down the FBI's Watergate investigation. Months later, Nixon brought even more trouble upon himself when he ordered the firing of special Watergate investigator Archibald Cox -- presumably to get the heat off him.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382515"
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WAPO_OCLL7TWVP5ALVIKWIOSHRUVCCU-5
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Nixon famously asserted executive privilege to block the release of tapes capturing his coverup of the Watergate scandal, defying a congressional subpoena ordering him to turn most of them over. The tapes captured thousands of hours of conversations recorded from the Oval Office, a practice that stopped after Watergate. At first, he gave Congress 19 tapes — but when they requested 42 others, Nixon instead handed over only transcripts. In a presidential address to the nation announcing their release, he insisted to the public that the transcripts would exonerate him. “I want there to be no question remaining about the fact that the president has nothing to hide in this matter,” Nixon said on April 29, 1974. He explained that he edited the 1,200 pages of transcripts to remove “irrelevant” information that was not subject to Congress’s subpoena, citing executive privilege and privacy concerns and promising that the rest would be sufficient. But to House leaders, it wasn’t. Rep. Peter W. Rodino Jr. (D-N.J.) had said that “we will accept nothing less” than the tapes — and months later, they got them. In July 1974, the Supreme Court ruled against Nixon’s claims of executive privilege and ordered the release of the tapes.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382518"
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MARCO_02_1599122776-3
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So at what point did Nixon fall from grace, or fall from ethos. Thats a great question; I’m glad you asked. When President Richard Nixon was voted into office, he obviously had credibility with the American people. But as news of the Watergate scandal was released by the press, the public began to question his moral character. Nixon lost all credibility when the “smoking gun” tape was subpoenaed by the Supreme Court. On this particular tape, Nixon ordered the FBI off the case for matters of “national security.” Following this discovery, even Nixon’s most loyal supporters on the House Judiciary Committee announced their decision to vote for impeachment once the matter was to reach the House floor. As his public support evaporated, Nixon was forced to step down from office, thus delivering his speech of resignation. With this knowledge, I can see why Nixon appeared uncomfortable, for I would surely be in tears if I were put in his situation. Nixon was facing the worst moment of his political life, publicly acknowledging his failure in front of a world which despised him. President Richard Nixon and his support staff attempted to build a sliver of ethos by displaying the American flag and presidential seal in the background.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382519"
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MARCO_04_497201-1
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What happened to Nixon after the Watergate Scandal? - Answers What happened to Nixon after the Watergate Scandal? Asked by Wiki User See Answer Top Answer Wiki User Answered 2016-04-15 11:45:48 When Nixon's White House tapes demonstrated that he had authorized the payment of 'hush money' to those involved in the Watergate break-in, and it became clear that he was about to be impeached, Nixon resigned. There was much talk of a criminal prosecution after he left office. Gerald Ford, the Vice President who had taken over as President at Nixon's resignation, was constantly asked about the subject. He decided that the country could not afford to go through such a trial, which would likely last years, so extended a full pardon to Nixon. Nixon retired to New Jersey and stayed out of the limelight. But his reputation, particularly in the area of foreign affairs, was somewhat revived in the 1980s, chiefly by his writings on the subject. Add a Comment Your Answer Loading...
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On August 5, 1974, Nixon released a transcript of one of the additional conversations to the public, known as the 'smoking gun' tape, which made clear his complicity in the Watergate cover-up. This disclosure destroyed Nixon politically. His most loyal defenders in Congress announced they would vote to impeach and convict Nixon for obstructing justice. Republican congressional leaders met with Nixon and told him that his impeachment and removal were all but certain. Thereupon, Nixon gave up the struggle to remain in office, resigning the presidency on August 9, 1974, before the full House could vote on the articles of impeachment. Although arrangements for a final House vote along with a Senate trial were being made at the time, further formal action was rendered unnecessary by his resignation, so the House brought the impeachment process against him to an official close two weeks later. Nixon was the first U.S. president in over a century, since Andrew Johnson in 1868, to be the subject of formal impeachment proceedings in the House of Representatives. Two of Nixon's successors have undergone similar proceedings, and both, like Johnson, were impeached but then acquitted at the consequent Senate trial.
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The White House provided some but not all of the tapes, including one from which a portion of the conversation appeared to have been erased. In May 1974, the House Judiciary Committee began formal impeachment hearings against Nixon. On July 27 of that year, the first article of impeachment against the president was passed. Two more articles, for abuse of power and contempt of Congress, were approved on July 29 and 30. On August 5, Nixon complied with a U.S. Supreme Court ruling requiring that he provide transcripts of the missing tapes, and the new evidence clearly implicated him in a cover up of the Watergate break-in. On August 8, Nixon announced his resignation, becoming the first president in U.S. history to voluntarily leave office. After departing the White House on August 9, Nixon was succeeded by Vice President Gerald Ford, who, in a controversial move, pardoned Nixon on September 8, 1974, making it impossible for the former president to be prosecuted for any crimes he might have committed while in office. Only three presidents in U.S. history have been impeached: Andrew Johnson in 1868, Bill Clinton in 1998 and Donald Trump in 2019 and in 2021. READ MORE: What Happens After Impeachment?
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5] On July 24, 1974, the United States Supreme Court ruled in an 8-0 decision that President Nixon had to turn over recordings that would implicate him in the Watergate scandal. Shortly after this decision, President Nixon resigned. Prior to doing so, however, President Nixon sent Alexander Haig, his advisor, to determine if Vice-President Ford would be willing to grant a full pardon to President Nixon if Nixon were to resign his position. After speaking with his own advisors and contemplating the decision, Ford re-contacted Haig and indicated that he would not be willing to pardon President Nixon. Ford came to the conclusion that such a deal would be tainted and the national interest would not be served. Despite this belief, President Ford changed his mind and granted former President Nixon a full pardon on September 8, 1974. The public outrage was immediate and vociferous. [ 6] Bob Woodward, an investigative reporter who helped break the Watergate scandal story, pressed President Ford on this decision for years trying to figure out what President Ford was thinking when he ultimately granted former President Nixon the pardon. After many years of badgering, President Ford explained that a public trial of Nixon would have prolonged the negativity of the scandal damaging the country even further.
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Their book about the scandal, All the President's Men, became a No. 1 bestseller and was later turned into a movie. The 1976 film, starring Robert Redford as Woodward and Dustin Hoffman as Bernstein, transformed the reporters into celebrities and inspired a wave of interest in investigative journalism . The book and movie also led to the enduring mystery of the identity of Woodward's secret Watergate informant known as Deep Throat, a reference to the title of a popular pornographic movie at the time. Woodward said he would protect Deep Throat's identity until the man died or allowed his name to be revealed. For more than 30 years, only Woodward, Bernstein, and a handful of others knew the informant's identity until it was claimed by his family to Vanity Fair magazine to be former Federal Bureau of Investigation Associate Director W. Mark Felt in May 2005. Woodward immediately confirmed the veracity of this claim and subsequently published a book, titled The Secret Man, that detailed his relationship with Felt. Woodward and Bernstein followed up All the President’s Men with a second book on Watergate, entitled The Final Days (Simon and Schuster 1976), covering in extensive depth the period from November 1973 until President Nixon resigned in August 1974.
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He dubbed the secret informant 'Deep Throat', alluding to both the deep background status of his information and the widely publicized 1972 pornographic film Deep Throat. For more than 30 years, Deep Throat's identity was one of the biggest mysteries of American politics and journalism and the source of much public curiosity and speculation. Woodward and Bernstein insisted that they would not reveal his identity until he died or consented to reveal it. J. Anthony Lukas speculated that Deep Throat was W. Mark Felt in his book Nightmare: The Underside of the Nixon Years (1976), based on three New York Times Sunday Magazine articles, but he was widely criticized. According to an article in Slate on April 28, 2003, Woodward had denied that Deep Throat was part of the 'intelligence community' in a 1989 Playboy interview with Lukas. On May 31, 2005, Vanity Fair revealed that Felt was Deep Throat in an article on its website by John D. O'Connor, an attorney acting on Felt's behalf. Felt reportedly said, 'I'm the guy they used to call Deep Throat.' After the Vanity Fair story broke, Woodward, Bernstein, and Benjamin C. Bradlee, the Post ' s executive editor during Watergate, confirmed Felt's identity as Deep Throat.
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When Woodward started working at the Washington Post, he phoned Felt on several occasions to ask for information for articles in the paper. Felt's information, taken on a promise that Woodward would never reveal its origin, was a source for a few stories, notably for an article on May 18, 1972, about Arthur Bremer, who shot George Wallace . When the Watergate story broke, Woodward called on Felt. Felt told Woodward on June 19 that E. Howard Hunt, who had ties to Nixon, was involved: the telephone number of his White House office had been listed in the address book of one of the burglars. Initially, Woodward's source was known at the Post as 'My Friend'. Post editor Howard Simons tagged him as 'Deep Throat', after the widely known pornographic film Deep Throat. According to Woodward, Simons thought of the term because Felt had been providing information on a deep background basis. When Felt revealed his role in 2005, it was noted that 'My Friend' has the same initial letters as 'Mark Felt'. Woodward's notes from interviewing Felt were marked 'M.F.', which Woodward says was 'not very good tradecraft'.
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Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, then both in their 20s, rode the Watergate investigation hard right out of the gate. According to their books, All the President’s Men and The Secret Man: The Story of Watergate’s Deep Throat, Woodward spoke with Felt 17 times between June 1972 and November 1973, sometimes by phone but also in person at a parking garage in Rosslyn, Virginia, and often using clandestine tactics to keep from being discovered. Felt never let Woodward or Bernstein quote him directly and at first only confirmed existing leads. As the investigation unfolded, however, he offered some new information. The moniker “Deep Throat” referred to a controversial but widely viewed pornographic film of the same name that was released in 1972. VIDEO: Richard Nixon’s Paranoia Leads to Watergate Scandal Richard Nixon’s personality and character issues may have led to his involvement in the Watergate scandal. Nixon claimed it was just a ‘witch hunt.’ In October of that year, Watergate was finally linked to Nixon when the FBI determined the operation was a massive setup of spying and sabotage by Nixon’s aides to support his re-election. Woodward and Bernstein kept the pressure on as Nixon’s White House fought back and claimed their ambitious reporting was nothing more than “a witch hunt.”
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Felt was dubbed “Deep Throat” by a Washington Post editor as a different sort of homage, to the renowned pornographic film of the same name. His identity was known only to Woodward, Bernstein and then-Post executive editor Ben Bradlee, until Felt revealed himself in 2005. Felt died in 2008. RELATED: A look back at Watergate
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In July 1999, Felt was identified as Deep Throat by the 'Hartford Courant', citing Chase Culeman-Beckman, a nineteen-year-old from Port Chester, New York. Culeman-Beckman said Jacob Bernstein, the son of Carl Bernstein and Nora Ephron, had told him the name at summer camp in 1988, and that Jacob claimed he had been told by his father. Felt said to the 'Courant', 'No, it's not me. I would have done better. I would have been more effective. Deep Throat didn't exactly bring the White House crashing down, did he?' Bernstein said his son didn't know. 'Bob and I have been wise enough never to tell our wives, and we've certainly never told our children.' (Bernstein reiterated on June 2, 2005, on the 'Today Show' that his wife had never known.) Leonard Garment, President Nixon's former law partner who became White House counsel after John W. Dean's resignation, ruled Felt out as Deep Throat in his 2000 book 'In Search of Deep Throat'. Garment wrote: The Felt theory was a strong one ... Felt had a personal motive for acting. After the death of J. Edgar Hoover ...
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Ex-FBI official: I'm ‘Deep Throat’ World Ex-FBI official: I'm ‘Deep Throat’ May 31, 2005, 8:41 AM PDT / Source: The Associated Press Breaking a silence of 30 years, former FBI deputy director W. Mark Felt stepped forward Tuesday as Deep Throat, the secret Washington Post source that helped bring down President Nixon during the Watergate scandal. Within hours, the paper confirmed his claim. “It’s the last secret” of the story, said Ben Bradlee, the paper’s top editor at the time the riveting political drama played out three decades ago. It tumbled out in stages during the day — first when a lawyer quoted Felt in a magazine article as having said he was the source; then when the former FBI man’s family issued a statement hailing him as a “great American hero.” Within hours, the newspaper confirmed Felt’s claim, ending one of the most enduring mysteries in American politics and journalism. The scandal that brought Nixon’s resignation began with a burglary and attempted tapping of phones in Democratic offices at the Watergate office building during his 1972 re-election campaign. It went on to include disclosures of covert Nixon administration spying on and retaliating against a host of perceived enemies.
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The Watergate Story | Deep Throat Revealed - The Washington Post Part 4 Deep Throat revealed On May 31, 2005 one of Washington's best-kept secrets was revealed. Vanity Fair magazine identified a former top FBI official named Mark Felt as Deep Throat, the secret source high in the U.S. government who helped Post reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein unravel the Watergate conspiracy. Woodward, Bernstein and the paper's editors confirmed the story. 'Felt's identity as Washington's most celebrated secret source had been an object of speculation for more than 30 years,' wrote Post reporter David Von Drehle the next day. VIDEO | Bob Woodward discusses the revelation of Deep Throat's identity. The reporters had written about their trusted source in their best-selling 1974 book, 'All the President's Men,' and the 1975 movie of the same name dramatized his sometimes cryptic advice about how pursue the connection between the Nixon White House and a crew of seven burglars caught in the offices of the Democratic National Committee on the night of June 17, 1972. His true identity, the object of 'countless guesses' over the years, remained secret until Vanity Fair's story. 'I'm the guy they call Deep Throat,' Felt told members of his family.
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Many believe that the writer's decision was not one driven by heroism or patriotism but instead by a desire to save his or her party’s reputation. And many say it seems unlikely that this anonymous source’s identity will stay hidden long. Felt, on the other hand, maintained his cover for decades, despite being asked about it repeatedly, even as Nixon and others suspected him. “It was not I and it is not I,” he told Washingtonian magazine in 1974. During an interview on “Face the Nation” in 1976, in which CBS host Ronald J. Ostrow asked him if “you want to take credit at this time for helping unmask any of the Watergate coverup,” Felt was again unequivocal. “I am not Deep Throat, and the only thing I can say is that I wouldn’t be ashamed to be,” he said. Felt co-wrote a memoir in 1979, “The FBI Pyramid,” that delved heavily into the investigations into Watergate but still included a categorical denial that he was Deep Throat. In the memoir, The Post noted years later, “Felt acknowledged speaking once to Woodward, but in that book and whenever else he was asked, he denied being Deep Throat.
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It wasn’t until 2005 that W. Mark Felt, the associate director of the FBI during Watergate, revealed he was the one who provided crucial information to Washington Post reporters Woodward and Bernstein during their investigation into the Watergate break-in and coverup. Thus ended decades of speculation in bars, law schools and late-night tabloid shows, where Deep Throat was fingered as Supreme Court Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist; Secretary of State Henry Kissinger; Nixon speechwriter Pat Buchanan; a composite of several people; and even journalist Diane Sawyer, who was once an assistant in Nixon’s White House press office. Perhaps if Twitter had existed in those years, the matter would have been resolved sooner, because there was someone who knew who Deep Throat was, and that someone was a) a master of brevity and wit, b) married to Bernstein for a time and c) eager to blab to anyone who would listen about Felt. But no one believed her. That someone was Nora Ephron, the filmmaker behind classic romantic comedies like “When Harry Met Sally,” “Sleepless in Seattle” and “You’ve Got Mail.” Before she became beloved by witty women the world over, Ephron was married to Bernstein for four years, from 1976 to 1980.
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Further, while Woodward stressed these precautions in his book, he also admits to having called 'Deep Throat' on the telephone at his home. Section::::Role in the Watergate scandal.:Controversy over motives. In public statements following the disclosure of his identity, Felt's family called him an 'American hero', stating that he leaked information about the Watergate scandal to 'The Washington Post' for moral and patriotic reasons. Other commentators, however, have speculated that Felt may have had more personal reasons for leaking information to Woodward. In his book 'The Secret Man', Woodward describes Felt as a loyalist and admirer of J. Edgar Hoover. After Hoover's death, Felt became angry and disgusted when L. Patrick Gray, a career naval officer and lawyer from the Civil Division of the Department of Justice, with no law enforcement experience, was appointed Director of the FBI over Felt, a 30-year veteran of the FBI. Felt was particularly unhappy with Gray's management style at the FBI, which was markedly different from Hoover's. Felt selected Woodward because he knew Woodward and Bernstein were assigned to investigate the burglary.
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citation needed] Richard Nixon twice called in Hoover with the intent of firing him, but both times he changed his mind when meeting with Hoover. [ citation needed] Hoover maintained strong support in Congress until his death, whereupon operational command of the Bureau passed to Associate Director Mark Felt. Soon thereafter Nixon appointed L. Patrick Gray, a Justice Department official with no FBI experience, as Acting Director with Felt remaining as Associate Director. As a historical note, Felt was revealed in 2005 to have been the legendary ' Deep Throat ' during the Watergate scandal. Some of the people whom Deep Throat's revelations helped put in prison—such as Nixon's chief counsel Chuck Colson and G. Gordon Liddy —contend that this was, at least in part, because Felt was passed over by Nixon as head of the FBI after Hoover's death in 1972. In the latter part of his career and life, Hoover was a consultant to Warner Bros. on a 1959 theatrical film about the FBI, The FBI Story, and in 1965 on Warner Brothers' long-running spin-off television series, The F.B.I.. Hoover personally made sure Warner Bros. would portray the FBI more favorably than other crime dramas of the times. The FBI Headquarters in Washington, D.C. is named after Hoover.
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While Carl Bernstein has ascribed Felt's motives to truth telling and protecting the justice system against Presidential abuse, historian Max Holland in his 2012 book Leak: Why Mark Felt Became Deep Throat claimed Felt planted the leaks to obtain the FBI director's job (the leaks hurt L. Patrick Gray, Nixon's friend who had recently been chosen for the director's position over Felt).. John Dean remarked that 'Max has got it right—he nailed it”. Bob Woodward who was interviewed for the book said the idea that they were reporting just what prosecutors had already found is 'factually wrong' and a lot of the book is speculations and conjecture. Carl Bernstein said the book is part of the revisionism and debunking industries. During this early period, most of the media failed to grasp the full implications of the scandal, and concentrated reporting on other topics related to the 1972 Presidential election. After the revelation that one of the convicted burglars wrote to Judge Sirica alleging a high-level coverup, the media shifted its focus. Time Magazine described Nixon as undergoing 'daily hell and very little trust'. The distrust between the press and the Nixon administration was mutual and greater than usual due to lingering dissatisfaction with events from the Vietnam War. Public distrust of the media reached over 40%.
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Further, while Woodward stressed these precautions in his book, he also admits to having called 'Deep Throat' on the telephone at his home. Felt's wife recalls answering Woodward's telephone calls for Felt. Controversy over motives In public statements following the disclosure of his identity, Felt's family called him an 'American hero', stating that he leaked information about the Watergate scandal to The Washington Post for moral and patriotic reasons. Other commentators, however, have speculated that Felt may have had more personal reasons for leaking information to Woodward. In his book The Secret Man, Woodward describes Felt as a loyalist to and admirer of J. Edgar Hoover. After Hoover's death, Felt became angry and disgusted when L. Patrick Gray, a career naval officer and lawyer from the Civil Division of the Department of Justice had no law enforcement experience and was appointed as Director of the FBI over Felt, a 30-year veteran of the FBI. Felt was particularly unhappy with Gray's management style at the FBI, which was markedly different from Hoover's. Felt aided Woodward and Bernstein because he knew Woodward personally, having met him years before when Woodward was in the navy. Over the course of their acquaintance, Woodward would often call Felt for advice.
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Appraisal of Watergate role Public response to Felt and his actions has varied widely since these revelations. In the immediate aftermath, Felt's family called him an 'American hero', suggesting that he leaked information for moral or patriotic reasons. G. Gordon Liddy, who was convicted of burglary in the Watergate scandal, said Felt should have gone to the grand jury rather than leak. Speculation about Felt's motives for leaking has also varied widely. Some suggested that it was revenge for Nixon's choosing Gray over Felt to replace Hoover as FBI Director. Others suggest Felt acted out of institutional loyalty to the FBI. Political scientist George Friedman argued: The Washington Post created a morality play about an out-of-control government brought to heel by two young, enterprising journalists and a courageous newspaper. That simply wasn't what happened. Instead, it was about the FBI using The Washington Post to leak information to destroy the president, and The Washington Post willingly serving as the conduit for that information while withholding an essential dimension of the story by concealing Deep Throat's identity. In his 2012 book Leak: Why Mark Felt Became Deep Throat, Max Holland argued that Felt leaked the information in an attempt to become head of the FBI.
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In fact, every weekend, there are about 300 active theaters with plays, a number that places the city as 1st worldwide, more than either London, New York or Paris, cultural Meccas in themselves. The number of cultural festivals with more than 10 sites and 5 years of existence also places the city as 2nd worldwide, after Edinburgh. The Centro Cultural Kirchner (Kirchner Cultural Center), located in Buenos Aires, is the largest cultural center of Latin America, and the third worldwide. Buenos Aires is the home of the Teatro Colón, an internationally rated opera house. There are several symphony orchestras and choral societies. The city has numerous museums related to arts and crafts, history, fine arts, modern arts, decorative arts, popular arts, sacred art, theater and popular music, as well as the preserved homes of noted art collectors, writers, composers and artists. The city is home to hundreds of bookstores, public libraries and cultural associations (it is sometimes called 'the city of books'), as well as the largest concentration of active theaters in Latin America. It has a zoo and botanical garden, a large number of landscaped parks and squares, as well as churches and places of worship of many denominations, many of which are architecturally noteworthy.
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Buenos Aires the Capital City of Argentina - Gets Ready Buenos Aires the Capital City of Argentina Buenos Aires is known as the capital city of Argentina, South America. Buenos Aires is also called the Paris of the South America. Buenos Aires hypnotizes many visitors for its exotic city-life. With regards the tourism sites, Buenos Aires has many great spot to visit such as: Recoleta Recoleta is a shopping district, culinary and tourism area as well. Visitor can visit a seasonal market that opens every Saturday. Calle Florida Calle Florida is the heaven for souvenirs’ hunters in Buenos Aires. You ca find many shops that sells many kind of souvenirs made from pure leather. Casa Rosada Casa Rosada or Pink House is a presidential palace as well as becomes a historical monument. The building style is very attractive. The area is always crowded by many visitors. San Telmo In San Telmo area, there are many old or antique buildings as a trade center of some antiques stuffs in there. Fell the ethnic atmosphere by visiting San Telmo. La Boca Buenos has many old districts with classic buildings. La Boca is an old harbor where that Tango Dance was born. Today, the area becomes the tourism pedestrian center and there are many Tango dancer clubs there.
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Regarded as the Paris of South America, Buenos Aires apart from being Argentina’s capital city is known for many things. Buenos Aires is a city full of elegance and sophistication. It overflows with culture showcasing the opera houses, theatres as well as the Italian and French architecture. Thus, it is one of the best places to visit that has a lot going within to keep you entertained forever. Santiago The largest as well as the capital city of Chile, Santiago has a fairly warm climate due to its location in the central valley of Chile. The city experiences dry and warm summers and fairly humid winters and accommodates a population of about 310,000. Santiago generates about 45% of the country’s entire GDP and its economy is the major source of the country's economy. Santiago’s major industries are inclusive of the retail i.e. selling of varied consumer goods. The tallest structure within the entire Latin America named as The Gran Torre Santiago is located in this capital city of South America. Additionally, several museums, about 174 national monuments and various libraries of this capital city are recognized for their architectural extravagance. The cultural life of this city is cosmopolitan in nature and exhibits a strong North American as well as European influence.
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From important art fairs and museums to independent cultural centres, Argentina is a great place for anyone looking to immerse themselves in an historical and contemporary cultural landscape. MALBA, Buenos Aires | © anna carol/Flickr Add to Plan Give us feedback
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For a while, unemployment reached as high as 25 percent. The economy eventually stabilized, but not before many businesses and citizens went bankrupt. Buenos Aires Today Today, Buenos Aires is once again calm and sophisticated, its political and economic crises hopefully a thing of the past. It is considered very safe and is once more a center for literature, film, and education. No history of the city would be complete without a mention of its role in the arts: Literature in Buenos Aires Buenos Aires has always been a very important city for literature. Porteños (as the citizens of the city are called) are literate and place great value on books. Many of Latin America’s greatest writers call or called Buenos Aires home, including José Hernández (author of the Martín Fierro epic poem), Jorge Luís Borges and Julio Cortázar (both known for outstanding short stories). Today, the writing and publishing industry in Buenos Aires is alive and thriving. Film in Buenos Aires Buenos Aires has had a film industry since the beginning. There were early pioneers of the medium making films as early as 1898, and the world’s first feature-length animated film, El Apóstol, was created in1917. Unfortunately, no copies of it exist.
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Camila' (1984) by María Luisa Bemberg was nominated for the Best Foreign Film at the Academy Awards, and Luis Puenzo's 'La historia oficial' (1985) was the first Argentine film to receive the award. Located in Buenos Aires is the Pablo Ducrós Hicken Museum of Cinema, the only one in the country dedicated to Argentine cinema and a pioneer of its kind in Latin America. Every year, the city hosts the Buenos Aires International Festival of Independent Cinema (BAFICI), which, in its 2015 edition, featured 412 films from 37 countries, and an attendance of 380 thousand people. Buenos Aires also hosts various other festivals and film cycles, like the Buenos Aires Rojo Sangre, devoted to horror. Section::::Culture.:Media. Buenos Aires is home to five Argentine television networks: America, Television Pública Argentina, El Nueve, Telefe, and El Trece. Four of them are located in Buenos Aires, and the studios of America is located in La Plata. Section::::Culture.:Fashion. Buenos Aires' inhabitants have been historically characterized as 'fashion-conscious'. National designers display their collections annually at the Buenos Aires Fashion Week (BAFWEEK) and related events. Inevitably being a season behind, it fails to receive much international attention.
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Customs and Traditions - Argentina Dinner party with friends. National Festival of Folkore. Independence Day celebrated in Buenos Aires. The culture and customs of Argentina have a strong European influence. When invited to a dinner part it is a custom that men should dress up in a suit and tie, and women in dresses. They should arrive 30 - 45 minutes lately, this is normal for the culture. The next day you should follow up with a thank you call to the host. Never give a knife or scissors as a gift in Argentina because this means you want to severe the relationship. Also when you give gifts in Argentina, they are opened immediately. When meeting someone you must always greet the oldest member, or most important member first. A standard handshake, smile, and eye contact is the norm in Argentina. When leaving say goodbye to each person individually. Traditions of Argentina include, National Festival of Folklore, Carnival, Anniversary of the First National Government, Day of the Flag, Day of Friendship, Independence Day, Columbus Day, Snow Festival, and more. With Argentina's Catholic history, they also celebrate holidays such as; Good Friday, Easter, and Christmas. The National Festival of Folklore is held in Cordoba as a celebration of folk tradition.
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The Culture of Argentina: Understanding Traditions, Customs & Values Home Destinations Learn Spanish in Argentina Argentina Overview Culture & Society The Culture of Argentina: Understanding Traditions, Customs & Values Culture and Society Argentinean culture and traditions It should come as no surprise that Argentina’s varied geography is matched by its astoundingly diverse culture. With the country home to an ethnic mix of foreigners from Europe and beyond, Argentina’s culture is similarly eclectic, drawing on both European and South American roots. Argentina history and culture Immigration in the 19th and 20 th centuries of people from Italy, Germany, England, Spain, the Basque country, and Ireland contributed to Argentina become a multi-cultural society, with cultural traditions and customs reflecting the origins of these various ethnic groups. However, this came at the expense of the pre-Columbian cultures and indigenous populations that inhabited Argentina before the Spanish reached Rio de la Plata – the location of modern-day Buenos Aires - in 1516. Each European culture established their own role in the development of Argentina: the Basque and Irish controlled sheep farming, Germans and Italians established farms, and the British predominately invested in developing the country’s infrastructure. Small populations of Japanese, Chileans, Bolivians, Paraguayans, and Uruguayans are also now found scattered throughout the country.
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Argentine film has experienced a renaissance since the 1990s, with the critical and commercial success of such productions as Enrique Gabriel-Lipschutz’s Huella borrada (1999; “Erased Footprints”), Diego Arsuaga’s El último tren (2002; “The Last Train”), Maria Teresa Constantini’s Sin intervalo (2002; “Nonstop”), and Juan José Jusid’s Apasionados (2002; “The Lovers”). Carlos Saura’s Tango (1998) and Marcelo Pineyro’s Cenizas del paraíso (1997; “Ashes from Paradise”) are among several broadly distributed Argentine films to have been nominated for Academy Awards or other international honours. Cultural institutions Buenos Aires is home to the National Library, founded in 1810 and holding more than two million volumes, and to a host of specialized libraries as well. Museums of fine arts, natural history, decorative arts, ethnology and archaeology, and national history are also located there. Schools of fine arts in Buenos Aires offer instruction in visual arts, theatre, dance, and music. Provincial museums tend to focus on local arts, history, and sciences; in Ushuaia, the southernmost city in the Western Hemisphere, the Museo del Fin del Mundo (Museum of the End of the World) concentrates on history and natural sciences.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382535"
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MARCO_47_1285299013-4
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Since the standard of living is fairly high, you won't have to worry as much as a gal using you as a meal ticket for her and her family, something that is much more common in neighbouring Nicaragua. 4. Argentina Suggested city: Mendoza It's important to remember that Argentina is more than just Buenos Aires. The country's capital is not the best hunting ground. The culture in Buenos Aires is inward-looking, divorce rates are high and foreigners aren't made to feel as welcome as in other Latin American capitals. But, if you venture outside the metropolis, you'll find a much warmer culture along with a much less indifferent female population. The city of Mendoza struck me as a very favourable place to find a longterm girlfriend. It's a small, pleasant city in the North-Central part of the country. Unlike the women in the capital who can be, at times, standoffish and depressive, the women here seem happy and outgoing. Think Colombian-levels of affection, something not common with Argentine women. They also have more of a traditional 'mestiza' look than women in other parts of the country, if you happen to be into that sort of thing.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382536"
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KILT_255919-31
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The complexity of Buenos Aires' integration and identity formation issues increased when immigrants realized that their European culture could help them gain a greater social status. As the rural population moved to the industrialized city from the 1930s onwards, they reaffirmed their European roots, adopting endogamy and founding private schools, newspapers in foreign languages, and associations that promoted adherence to their countries of origin. 'Porteños' are generally characterized as night owls, cultured, talkative, uninhibited, sensitive, nostalgic, observative and arrogant. Argentines outside Buenos Aires often stereotype its inhabitants as egotist people, a feature that people from the Americas and westerners in general commonly attribute to the entire Argentine population and use as the subject of numerous jokes. Writing for BBC Mundo Cristina Pérez felt that 'the idea of the [ Argentines'] vastly developed ego finds strong evidence in lunfardo dictionaries,' in words such as ''engrupido'' (meaning 'vain' or 'conceited') and ''compadrito'' (meaning both 'brave' and 'braggart'), the latter being an archetypal figure of tango. Paradoxically, 'porteños' are also described as highly self-critical, something that has been called 'the other side of the ego coin.'
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382536"
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KILT_2688167-1
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Porteño Porteño (feminine: 'porteña') in Spanish is used to refer to a person who is from or lives in a port city, but it can also be used as an adjective for anything related to those port cities. The largest city to which the term is commonly applied is Buenos Aires, Argentina, and since the end of the 19th century 'Porteños' has come to be a name (or demonym) for the people from that city. As a result of great immigration waves from Europe peaking in the 1880s, the Río de la Plata area, and in particular Buenos Aires and Montevideo, are mostly populated with people of European descent, mainly Italian, Spanish and German. In contrast, inland Argentina, especially the Northwest, has had less post-colonial European immigration and thus retains a population with a pre-colonial composition consisting of whites of criollo (colonial Spanish) ancestry, mestizos, and indigenous people. In Chile, 'porteño/a' is commonly used for residents of Valparaíso. In Costa Rica, 'porteño/a' is commonly used for people from the province of Puntarenas in the Pacific Coast.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382537"
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MARCO_16_3046749093-30
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Saavedra Núñez V. Urquiza C Belgrano V. P. P. C. V. O. Colegiales Palermo Agronomía L. P. Chacarita V. Crespo Recoleta Retiro V. Devoto V. del P. V. R. M. C. V. S. R. V. G. M. Caballito Almagro Balva- nera S. Nicolás Monserrat Pto. Madero Versalles V. L. V. S. Floresta Flores P. C. Boe- do S. C. P. P. C S. T. Liniers Mataderos P. Avellaneda Villa Lugano Villa Riachuelo Villa Soldati N. Pompeya Barracas La Boca Population origin See also: Immigration in Argentina The Immigrants' Hotel, constructed in 1906, received and assisted the thousands of immigrants arriving to the city. The hotel is now a National Museum. The majority of porteños have European origins, mostly from the Italian regions of Calabria, Liguria, Piedmont, Lombardy, Sicily and Campania and from the Andalusian, Galician, Asturian, and Basque regions of Spain. Unrestricted waves of European immigrants to Argentina starting in the mid-19th century significantly increased the country's population, even causing the number of porteños to triple between 1887 and 1915 from 500,000 to 1.5 million. Other significant European origins include Slovak, German, Irish, Norwegian, Polish, French, Portuguese, Swedish, Greek, Czech, Albanian, Croatian, Dutch, Russian, Serbian, English, Hungarian and Bulgarian.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382537"
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MARCO_34_1752373917-3
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The tensions between those two milieus are important in Argentine thought, for, although most Argentines are urban and look to porteños, or residents of Buenos Aires, as arbiters of taste and trends, the interior has given to all Argentines their symbol of national identity, the gaucho, who occupies a position in South American lore similar to that of the cowboy in the United States. Scorned in his heyday of the 18th and 19th centuries as a drinker and vagabond, this mestizo ranch hand rode the open rangeland of the huge estancias in pursuit of wild horses and criollo cattle. Eventually Argentines came to see him as a character whose solitary life taught him self-reliance, courage, indifference to hardship, and love of the land—traits that represented the ideal of their national character as set out in the national epic poem El gaucho Martin Fierro (1872) by José Hernández, in Ricardo Güiraldes’s fictional classic Don Segunda Sombra (1926), and in works by Domingo Faustino Sarmiento and Benito Lynch.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382538"
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MARCO_40_917987435-2
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Have I convinced you? Let’s get started. How to Speak Like a True Argentine If you want to learn how to speak Spanish like a true Argentine, you’ve got to learn to talk like porteños . Porteños, as Buenos Aires residents are commonly called (the word is derived from puerto (harbor) and refers to “people of the harbor”) are reputed for their highly expressive manner of speech. A wave of Italian immigration at the beginning of the 20th century is largely to blame; as immigrants adopted Spanish as their new tongue, they kept their native peninsula’s singsong intonations, expansive gestures… and womanizing tendencies. An awesome way to listen to this is to use FluentU. FluentU takes real-world videos—like music videos, movie trailers, news and inspiring talks—and turns them into personalized language learning lessons . With FluentU’s native content, you’ll be speaking like a true Argentine in no time. Give it a free try and see for yourself! In the meantime, have a look at two rather tricky topics.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382539"
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KILT_262752-1
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Tango Tango is a popular partner dance and social dance that originated in the 1880s along the Río de la Plata, the natural border between Argentina and Uruguay. It was born in the impoverished port areas of these countries, where natives mixed with slave and European immigrant populations. The tango is the result of a combination of the German Waltz, Czech Polka, Polish Mazurka, and Bohemian Schottische with the Spanish-Cuban Habanera, African Candombe, and Argentinian Milonga. The tango was frequently practiced in the brothels and bars of ports, where business owners employed bands to entertain their patrons with music. The tango then spread to the rest of the world. Many variations of this dance currently exist around the world. On August 31, 2009, UNESCO approved a joint proposal by Argentina and Uruguay to include the tango in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists. Section::::History. Tango is a dance that has influences from African, Native American and European culture. Dances from the candombe ceremonies of former slave peoples helped shape the modern day tango. The dance originated in lower-class districts of Buenos Aires and Montevideo. The music derived from the fusion of various forms of music from Europe.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382539"
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MARCO_05_1671278326-1
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History of Tango A Short History of Tango James Stewart, Edinburgh Tango Society Although there are many legends and stories about the origins and development of tango, I will attempt to give an outline that is commonly recounted, if still contested, which I have picked up from a variety of sources. Tango is a dance, music and poetry that originated in Buenos Aires at the turn of the century, developing in the melting pot of cultures that was Buenos Aires. Immigrants from Europe - Italy, Spain, Britain, Poland, Russia, Germany and every other European country mixed with earlier generation of settlers of all races from other South American countries. They brought their native music and dances with them, and continued to assimilate new innovations from abroad. Traditional polkas, waltzes and mazurkas were mixed with the popular Habanera from Cuba and the spanish seaboard, to form a new dance and music, the milonga, which was popular in the 1870s . This was known as the 'poor man's Habanera'. The word tango was used at the time to describe various music and dances, for example the ' tango andaluza ' from Spain in the 1880s.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382540"
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MARCO_05_849015218-3
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Tango is national dance of Argentina ever since it reached mass popularity in the early 1900s History of Tango The history of tango can be traced all the way back to 18th century Argentina where a mix of influences brought by European immigrants, South American natives and dances of former African slaves in their candombe ceremonies brought the rise of the new type of partner dance that was practiced almost exclusively by poor and lower class. The popularity of this dance grew at a steady pace, especially in the lower-class districts of the cities such as Buenos Aires and Montevideo (Uruguay). It is important to mention that several types of tango dance existed then, with only one of them managing to find wide popularity outside of the lower class (in a dance that is today referred as tango criollo or authentic tango). The origin of the word “ tango ” comes from the words tango/tambo which was used in the region around the basin of River Plata to describe the musical gatherings of slaves. With this term started being used for more types of musical gatherings, it eventually becomes a synonym of the popular tango dance.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382541"
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MARCO_22_1186906798-5
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The Sexy, Sultry Tango… Maybe more than any other art form, Argentina is known for the tango, that hauntingly seductive dance in which partners slowly circle and stalk one another like the hunter and the hunted before melding together with bodies pressed tightly together…at which time the seduction really begins. The tango is much more than a dance. It is actually an artistic expression that can take many forms: instrumental, vocal, dance, or any combination thereof. Invariably, the tango is a narrative–a melancholy, bittersweet expression of love and passion…an art form that has evolved over many decades. Here, the sexy dance was used to draw in the customers. Even today, the between-leg movements of the tango are somewhat risqué; but in times past, they were beyond the pale. Today, tango clubs abound in both La Boca and San Telmo, and a night spent in one is an experience you will not soon forget. One of the most popular is Señor Tango, where a 12-piece orchestra and a large company of singers and dancers treat audiences to a century of tango styles.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382541"
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MARCO_55_1245662540-3
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The street art depicting giant murals throughout Buenos Aires is another popular cultural aspect many tourists enjoy. Buenos Aires is the largest city by population in Argentina with close to 3 million residences. #3 Tango Originating from Buenos Aires during the late 19th century Tango has become a worldwide phenomenon and synonym of Argentina. Tango was initially developed by fusing European, African, and Native South American dance styles. Originally thought of as a seductive and scandalous dance for the poor and underprivileged Tango was mainly performed in the brothels and streets of Buenos Aires. Throughout its history, Tango was outlawed and forbidden for several decades due to a coup and subsequent military-run government between 1955 – 1983. During the 1980s and the following decades, Tango saw a resurgence in popularity throughout Argentina. Likewise, before and during its suppression in Argentina, Tango’s popularity spread overseas to Europe. Numerous influences of European and native cultures gave birth to the origins of Tango, which continues to evolve today. #4 Steak Argentinian steak is known for its exquisite taste throughout the world rarely requires seasoning. There are several reasons Argentina is famous for its steak. Argentinian cattle are free-roaming, grass-fed, and antibiotic-free, but that’s not the only reason why it’s so delicious.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382542"
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KILT_262752-5
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It is also theorized that the word ''tango' is derived from the Portuguese word 'tanger,' which means 'to play a musical instrument.' Another Portuguese word, 'tangomão,' is a possible predecessor of the word 'tango.' The word is the combination of the verb 'tanger' (to touch) with the noun 'mão' (hand), and resulted in the verb 'to play a musical instrument with one's hands.2' Section::::Styles. The tango consists of a variety of styles that developed in different regions and eras of Argentina as well as in other locations around the world. The dance developed in response to many cultural elements, such as the crowding of the venue and even the fashions in clothing. The styles are mostly danced in either open embrace, where lead and follow have space between their bodies, or close embrace, where the lead and follow connect either chest-to-chest (Argentine tango) or in the upper thigh, hip area (American and International tango).
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382543"
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MARCO_01_574379408-8
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It is based on the petitero or caquero style of the crowded downtown clubs of the 1950s. In contrast, the tango that originated in the family clubs of the suburban neighborhoods (Villa Urquiza/Devoto/Avellaneda etc.) emphasizes long elegant steps, and complex figures. In this case the embrace may be allowed to open briefly, to permit execution of the complex footwork. The complex figures of this style became the basis for a theatrical performance style of tango seen in the touring stage shows. For stage purposes, the embrace is often open, and the complex footwork is augmented with gymnastic lifts, kicks, and drops. A newer style sometimes called tango nuevo or 'new tango', has been popularized in recent years by a younger generation of dancers. The embrace is often quite open and very elastic, permitting the leader to lead a large variety of very complex figures. This style is often associated with those who enjoy dancing to jazz- and techno-tinged 'alternative tango' music, in addition to traditional tango compositions. Tango de salon (salon tango) Main article: Argentine tango Tango canyengue Main article: Argentine tango Tango canyengue is a rhythmic style of tango that originated in the early 1900s and is still popular today.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382543"
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MARCO_05_848986452-1
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Argentine Tango - History, Elements and Styles Argentine Tango - History and Styles Music of Argentina would not be the same without tango, an incredibly significant style of music genre and accompanying social dance that is defined by the feelings of 19th-century immigrants of South America who helped to infuse this musical style with elements of sensuality, nostalgia, sadness, and closeness. Birthed in the late 19th century in the booming territory of Río de la Plata, Argentine tango managed to quickly expand from its status as a music and dance style of the “unprivileged” and transform into phenomenon that has not only reached all four corners of the world, but has managed to have an significant influence on the history and social development of Argentina itself. Argentine Tango uses 2/4 or 4/4 rhythm with two upbeats and two downbeats, and songs (fully melodic or with vocals) are usually consisting from two or three parts that are repeating in patterns such as ABAB or ABCAC. Tango is a music style that builds upon the foundation of the underlying beats, and it is very rare to find tango music that consists only of beats.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382544"
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MARCO_13_429898392-1
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The tango: Argentina traditions in culture, music and dance The tango: Argentina traditions in culture, music and dance Tango is one of the most famous and influential dances in the world. Originating in Buenos Aires in the 18th century, tango brought together working class European immigrants, indigenous Argentinians and former slaves. As a result, tango has shaped Argentinian culture and society. The dance’s popularity meant that it quickly expanded out of Argentina, with several different styles developing in Europe and North America. With its rich history, tango is a fascinating tradition in dance which reveals a wealth of information about Argentina traditions. Argentina traditions: The origin of tango The word “tango” or “tambo” appears around the turn of the 19th century to describe music and dance events organized by slaves. The first official use of the word appears in a statute from 1789, where Argentine authorities banned “tango” gatherings to oppress the working class. It wasn’t until one hundred years later that the word became commonplace. The original tango dance was a blend of styles produced by the mix of cultures in the lively port of Buenos Aires. In the 19th century, thousands of young people arrived from Europe in search of a better life.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382544"
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MARCO_05_767018663-6
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More than 500 couples from 37 countries have been competing in the world's top two-week tango festival Hold tight: Juan David Bedoya Marin and Karla Rotavinsky Cadavid from Colombia compete in the Stage style event The Tango originated in Argentina in the late 19th century and the passionate and playful dance is now an important part of the country's cultural heritage Angeles Armando Villasanti and Seudy Marlen Benitez from Paraguay take to the floor Paraguay's Angel Armando Benitez Villasanti and Seudy Marlen Benitez Villasanti (left) and Juan Bulich and Rocio Liendo, from Argentina (right) Couples perform together to the delight of the audience before the announcement of the winners of the 2013 Tango Dance World Cup stage finals in Buenos Aires Dancers Guido Palacios and Florencia Castilla from Argentina, wave their country's flag as they celebrate winning the 2013 the stage finals Hold on: Maximiliano Olaguibel lifts his dance partner Paloma Rodriguez, both from Chile, during the stage finals event Kicking out: Julio Cesar Montoya Ardila and Ana Isabel Lopera Vasquez from Colombia compete in the Stage style event Russia's Dmitry Vasin and Esmer Omerova were voted best foreign couple during the Stage Tango competition Johanna Aranda and Nicolas Minoliti, right, from Argentina wow the crowd Winners Guido Palacios and Florencia Castilla, show why they came out tops as they strike yet another passionate pose Dancers Ariel Leguizamon and Yesica Esquivel, from Argentina, compete at the 2013 Tango Dance World Cup stage finals in Buenos Aires Watch your step: Dancers Dmitry Vasin and Esmer Omerova were recognized as the best foreign team to compete in the stage category Advertisement World Championship of Tango in Buenos Aires: same-sex couples make their debut in line-up Newest Oldest Best rated Worst rated View all The comments below have been moderated in advance.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382545"
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MARCO_35_1741934393-2
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They would go to the crowded night clubs and ask the local girls to dance. Since the gaucho hadn't showered, the lady would dance in the crook of the man's right arm, holding her head back. Her right hand was held low on his left hip, close to his pocket, looking for a payment for dancing with him. The man danced in a curving fashion because the floor was small with round tables, so he danced around and between them. The dance spread throughout Europe in the 1900's. Originally popularized in New York in the winter of 1910 - 1911, Rudolph Valentino then made the Tango a hit in 1921. As time elapsed and the music became more subdued, the dance was finally considered respectable even in Argentina. Styles vary in Tango: Argentine, French, Gaucho and International. Still, Tango has become one of our American 'Standards' regardless of its origin. The Americanized version is a combination of the best parts of each. The principals involved are the same for any good dancing. First, the dance must fit the music. Second, it must contain the basic characteristic that sets it apart from other dances. Third, it must be comfortable and pleasing to do. Phrasing is an important part of Tango.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382546"
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KILT_255919-22
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The majority of 'porteños' have European origins, mostly from the Calabrian, Ligurian, Piedmont, Lombardy, Sicily and Campania regions of Italy and from the Andalusian, Galician, Asturian, and Basque regions of Spain. Unrestricted waves of European immigrants to Argentina starting in the mid-19th century significantly increased the country's population, even causing the number of porteños to triple between 1887 and 1915 from 500,000 to 1.5 million. Other significant European origins include German, Irish, Norwegian, Polish, French, Portuguese, Swedish, Greek, Czech, Albanian, Croatian, Dutch, Russian, Serbian, English, Hungarian and Bulgarian. In the 1980s and 1990s, there was a small wave of immigration from Romania and Ukraine. There is a minority of 'criollo' citizens, dating back to the Spanish colonial days. The 'Criollo' and Spanish-aboriginal (mestizo) population in the city has increased mostly as a result of immigration from the inner provinces and from other countries such as neighboring Bolivia, Paraguay, Chile and Peru, since the second half of the 20th century. The Jewish community in Greater Buenos Aires numbers around 250,000, and is the largest in Latin America. The city is also eighth largest in the world in terms of Jewish population.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382546"
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MARCO_17_2450404195-16
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Lunfardo, the jargon enshrined in tango lyrics, is laden with Italianisms, often also found in the mainstream colloquial dialect ( Rioplatense Spanish ). Common dishes in the central area of the country ( milanesa, fainá, polenta, pascualina) have Italian names and origins. Immigrant communities have given Buenos Aires some of its most famous landmarks, such as the Torre de los Ingleses (Tower of the English) or the Monumento de los Españoles (Monument of the Spaniards). Ukrainians, Armenians, Swiss, and many others built monuments and churches at popular spots throughout the capital. Argentina celebrates Immigrant's Day on September 4 since 1949, by a decree of the Executive Branch. The National Immigrant's Festival is celebrated in Oberá, Misiones, during the first fortnight of September, since 1980. There are other celebrations of ethnic diversity throughout the country, such as the National Meeting and Festival of the Communities in Rosario (typically at the beginning of November). Many cities and towns in Argentina also feature monuments and memorials dedicated to immigration. There are also Immigrant's Festivals (or Collectivities Festivals) throughout the country, for example: Córdoba, Bariloche, Berisso, Esperanza, Venado Tuerto, and Comodoro Rivadavia have their own Immigrant's festivals.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382547"
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MARCO_35_37197736-1
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Porteño | Argentine society | Britannica Porteño Argentine society Learn about this topic in these articles: Buenos Aires In Buenos Aires: People Porteños, and Argentinians in general, tend to consider themselves European in character rather than Latin American. Moreover, porteños see themselves as having an identity that is quite distinct from those of other Argentinians and Latin Americans as a whole. Porteños are generally extroverted, sophisticated, animated,… Read More In Buenos Aires …locals are referred to as porteños (“people of the port”) because so many of the city’s inhabitants historically arrived by boat from Europe. Area city, 78 square miles (203 square km); Greater Buenos Aires, 1,500 square miles (3,885 square km). Pop. (2001) city, 2,776,138; Greater Buenos Aires, 12,046,799; (2010) city,… Read More social differentiation In Argentina: Ethnic groups …and cultural affectations of the porteños, the “people of the port” in the Buenos Aires region, and many porteños looked upon residents of the interior as ignorant peasants. These divisions became deeply rooted in the politics of the country.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382547"
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MARCO_36_1016683109-4
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Here, he's known for his series of small and medium-sized plates that pack a lot of flavors —especially a balance between salty, sweet, and acidic notes. Gran Dabbang was inspired by Ramón's travels across India and Southeast Asia and is named after his favorite Bollywood action film, Dabangg (the poster hangs on the wall). Come for the unique combination of Asian and Latin American flavors. Standout dishes include the fainá, a chickpea cake topped with burrata, harissa, and smoked eggplant; lamb curry with coconut chutney and raita; and Swiss chard pakoras. Pinterest restaurant Güerrin Arrow $ Many Porteños will say that Argentine-style pizza is the best in the world, and will fight to the death to defend their favorite food. Locals have a long history and culture of eating pizza, especially at iconic pizzerias like Güerrín, which is a source of national pride and plays an important role in everyday life. The thick crust, similar to Chicago deep dish, is like no other on the planet. Most slices are virtually sauceless and known for their abundance of cheese. Try flavors like Fugazzeta, smothered in cheese, onions, and a thin layer of ham, or Napolitana (napo for short), with fresh tomatoes, mozzarella, and chopped garlic.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382548"
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MARCO_13_287632-1
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17 Delicious Argentine Food Dishes You Should Be Eating Right Now 17 Delicious Argentine Food Dishes You Should Be Eating Right Now by Amigofoods Whether you’re planning a trip to Argentina or trying a new Argentine restaurant down the street, you’re in for a treat. Aside from Malbec wine and dancing the tango, Argentina’s cuisine is guaranteed to rock your taste buds. Between the barbecued meats and abundance of cheesy dishes, Argentine foods are absolutely scrumptious. Are we making you hungry yet? ¿Tienes hambre? If the answer is yes, we’ve got a list of delicious and unique Argentine food you need to experience. 1. Asado: BBQ Everything Asado Fire up the grill! In English, asado is known as barbecue. But in Argentina, the barbecue is a bit more extreme. Plus, it helps that Argentina has more cattle than people living in it. Asado is a way of cooking as well as a social event. It also happens to be Argentina’s national dish. It combines delicious meat with fire and a grill. Popular meats for asado include pork, chicken, sausages, and churrasco (a beef sirloin). Fine asado cooking uses a parilla. This is a large iron grill designed for optimal barbecuing.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382551"
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MARCO_13_287632-10
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In Buenos Aires, freshly made pasta and home-made tomato sauce are everywhere. Restaurants serve a variety of unique Argentine pasta dishes. Menus typically list various pasta and sauce flavors and allow the customer to create their own pairing. Some of the most popular Argentine pasta dishes include: Ham and Mozzarella Sorrentino Ricotta Agnolotti Spinach Ravioli Lasagna and cannelloni are also common in Argentina. However, they’re not usually stuffed with meat. Instead, these Argentine foods are filled with cheese or vegetables. 16. Carbonada: Your Winter Stew Carbonada is a popular stew during Argentina’s winter months. Carbonada combines meat, potatoes, corn on the cob, carrots, peppers, and bacon. It’s topped with fruits like peaches, raisins, and pears. Once the mixture is prepared, carbonada is poured into a hollowed-out pumpkin. It’s then barbecued. Sometimes, the stew is used for empanadas. Its warm flavor and heartiness make carbonada a delicious Argentine food during the cold season. 17. Yerba Mate: Drinking With Friends Yerba Mate You can’t enjoy Argentine cuisine without finishing your meal with a round of yerba mate! Yerba mate is a bitter herb that comes from the holly genus plant. It’s a small tree that grows about 50 feet (or 15 meters).
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382551"
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MARCO_16_2206432408-4
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British, German, Jewish, and other immigrants also settled in Argentina, all bringing their styles of cooking and favourite foods with them. The British brought tea, starting the tradition of teatime. All of these cultures influenced the dishes of Argentina. Typical foods Dulce de leche, a popular national spread used to fill cakes and pancakes, eaten over toast, and as an ice-cream flavour Boxed empanadas Most regions of Argentina are known for their beef-oriented diet. Grilled meat from the asado (barbecue) is a staple, with steak and beef ribs especially common. The term asado itself refers to long strips of flank-cut beef ribs. Popular items such as chorizo (pork sausage ), morcilla ( blood sausage ), chinchulines ( chitterlings ), mollejas ( sweetbread ), and other parts of the animal are also enjoyed. In Patagonia, however, lamb and chivito (goat) are eaten more frequently than beef. Whole lambs and goats are traditionally cooked over an open fire in a technique known as asado a la estaca. The most common condiment for Asado is chimichurri, a sauce of herbs, garlic and vinegar.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382552"
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MARCO_24_1495118760-16
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Calafate berries are yummy El Calafate, the main starting point to visit Perito Moreno Glacier takes its name from a berry that grows in a small bush and that can be found all over Patagonia. You will see these bushes along the trails and can safely eat the berries. Mind you, they are so tiny that there hardly is a chance you’ll fill up on them! But an old saying goes: “Once you taste the calafate berry, you are destined to go back to Patagonia.” I guess I called it upon me… You’ll be able to reward yourself with great food after hiking! Actually, all food is good Speaking of food, you’ll be glad to know that during your Patagonia trip you are likely to have some really good food. Whether you opt for the typical asado (mixed grill) or go for the local trucha (trout), the ever-present milanesa (breaded and fried meat) or the home made pasta or lamb ravioli; you can rest assured that you’ll be having delicious food throughout. Make sure to check out my post “25 Delicious Argentina Food To Try.”
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382552"
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MARCO_39_751118425-3
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Costillas a la Riojana – This dish consists of a large plate of pork ribs, with onions, red peppers, and peas on the top, along with fried eggs, and fried round potatoes. Variations can be made by adding cured ham or bacon. It actually comes from Spain, where it is normally made with chicken, but Argentina has made its own by putting their stamp on it. Pork and Sweet Potato Guiso Stew – A pork stew a bit like a curry, with a combination of sweet and not too spicy flavours. Common ingredients are cumin, sweet potatoes and raisins. It is normally served with rice, and if there’s any left over, it can be put in an empanada! Argentinian Sorrentinos – Told you Italian cuisine had a big influence in Argentina… these are large ravioli filled with ham, ricotta and mozzarella. Popular accompaniments Chimichurri – This is probably the most popular sauce in Argentina, which is normally served with meat. It is a green coloured sauce, with the main ingredients of garlic and parsley, as well as cumin, paprika, chili powder, oregano, bay leaves, bell pepper, onion and tomatoes. Desserts Pionono – This is a sponge roll cake, commonly found with a filling of dulce de leche and cream, and sprinkled with sugar.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382553"
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MARCO_03_245044933-11
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Facts about Argentinian food and cuisines 29. Beef is a major staple of the Argentine diet. It is famous worldwide for its tenderness and flavor. Entertaining on the weekend with an “asado” (a barbeque) is a favorite pastime. On the asado there is typically beef, pork ribs, sausages and/or lamb. Argentina is the largest consumers of red meat in the world. 30. Maté tea is Argentina’s national drink. It is a tea made from the young leaves of the Yerba Mate, a Brazilian holly. It is sipped through a metal straw called the “bombilla”. 31. Other popular beef dishes include empanadas (baked or deep-fried pastry pockets stuffed with meat and other ingredients and Carbonada (beef stew) served in a hollowed out pumpkin shell. A winter stew is locro (with corn, meat, leans, bacon, onion, and potatoes served in a gourd). 32. Typical desserts include factures (pastries), pancakes, and cakes filled with dulce de leche (a milk caramel filling/candy); a shortbread cookie called alfajores sandwiched together with fruit paste, dulce de leche or chocolate; and fried cakes called tortas fritas. 33. Argentina’s vineyards have been producing wine since the 16th century.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382554"
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MARCO_34_1465705952-3
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The most common flavours are melted cheese and meat with a boiled egg, although the shrimp (camarao) is also very tasty. 3 . Chorizo – Argentina In meat loving Argentina, there´s barely a fish in sight – especially on the street. But there is no shortage of meat snacks such as the Argentinean favourite, Chorizo, the King of Sausages. These thick pork sausages are a sense of national pride, and Argentineans recommend their prized asset to all-comers. Grilled on a parilla, a sort of barbecue griddle, they smell delicious and taste even better. You´ll know you´re in eating distance of one as you will be drawn to the mouth-watering smell of barbecued pig flesh and a plume of smoke billowing into the air like a burning thatched roof. For around $1.50 pesos ($0.35USD), depending on the city, it´s a great value for money meal, and you will be hooked on Argentina´s best loved street food. 4. Empanadas – Argentina Whilst in Argentina, somebody told me they could live off empanadas. It´s a possibility that she did because once you´ve tried one, you´ll want another, and with a good variety of fillings to choose, from you can have a different one for every meal every day of the week.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382554"
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MARCO_36_127441514-3
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Everything is brought to the table on small grills that keep the meat warm and make our food really crunchy. 4. Locro Locro; Photo credit: Matías Repetto/GCBA This is a typical food for national celebrations because it was prepared by the creoles who inhabited these lands in the 19th century. It is a stew made from white corn, squash, beef and pork, red chorizo, onion and pepper. It can be served with a spice called “ quiquirimichi “, that has ingredients such as ground chili and paprika, as well as onion and salt. 5. Tamales Tamales; Photo credit: Gonzalo Rivero These can be found in the northwest of Argentina, mainly in Tucumán, Salta, and Jujuy. The dish is prepared inside the corn husk, which is filled with corn flour, squash, minced meat, onion, pepper, garlic and hard-boiled egg. The wrapper is tied and cooked in boiling water. Corn was one of the staple foods of the Incas and Diaguitas, the original people who lived in these lands. Tamales are delicious and if you like spicy food, you will love them. 6. Empanadas Mushroom Empanadas The arrival of the Empanada to Argentine lands has its origin in the Arab invasions of Spain, the country that colonized these lands for years.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382555"
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MARCO_52_1472442561-8
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Locro & Carbonada Locro is a heavy stew made with lima beans, white corn, chorizo, bacon, squash, and pretty much any kind of meat you want to toss in from brisket to pigs feet. It’s a traditional Andean dish and originates from the Northwest provinces. If you’re visiting in winter it’s a great dish to warm your bones. It’s common to eat Locro on the two most patriotic Argentina holidays (May 25th & July 9th). If you’re lucky to be visiting on those dates, eat like a local and order locro! It will be the daily special in nearly every restaurant in the country. Carbonada is another stew typical to Buenos Aires. It’s sweeter, with yellow corn, squash, sweet potatoes, and dried peaches mixed in with the meat. Lentil stews are also very popular foods in Argentina in winter. If you’re traveling to the Northwest of Argentine you’ll see them cooked with llama meat! Tamales & Humita en Chala Tamales can be found in so many countries throughout Latin America, so you should definitely give the Argentine version a try. They’re shorter and wider than the Mexican version, but the concept is the same, meat inside corn meal.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382555"
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MARCO_55_1048177948-6
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Considered Argentina’s national dish but also traditional to Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay, the main ingredient in asado is flank-cut beef ribs flavored with chimichurri and cooked on a grill called a parilla, or on an open fire. Asado also includes embutidos (cured sausages), different meats including poultry and sweetbreads, bread, mixed salad and verdurajo (grilled vegetables). What to drink: Explore Argentina’s wide selection of wines, the most popular being Mendoza. Or, go the traditional route with yerba mate, a caffeine-rich herbal drink containing stimulating vitamins and minerals. Best place to eat: There are countless parillas in Argentina, with two famous ones being La Cabrera and El Desnivel, both in Buenos Aires. Where to study: Argentina’s capital city Buenos Aires is placed 25 th in the most recent QS Best Student Cities index. The country has 39 institutions in the new QS Latin America University Rankings, led by Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) in eighth place. Curanto ( Chile) The traditional food of Chiloé Archipelago off the coast of Chile, curanto is traditionally prepared in a hole dug in the ground and covered with stones which are heated until red.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382556"
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MARCO_03_1720869569-1
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Nationalities of Argentina? - Answers Argentina Nationalities of Argentina? Asked by Wiki User See Answer Top Answer Wiki User Answered 2010-12-20 04:03:23 Argentina is a cosmopolitan European country that just happens to be located in South America. Spain contributed the earliest immigrants, and Spanish is the official language. Between 1870 and 1930, Italians made a major contribution to the population. Ethnic Germans constitute the third largest group and came in two widely diverse groups. Anti -Nazi refugees fled to Argentina to escape Hitler's rule, and after WWII, there was a large influx of German refugees including those who were escaping war crimes trials. The natives have been there since pre-historic times and the Spanish sailed from Europe in the 1500's and started a colony which resulted in a large mestizo population. The number of Amerindian constitutes the smallest group. English, French and other European groups make up about three percent of the total population. Add a Comment Your Answer Nationalities of Argentina? Write your answer... 0/5000 B U I Sign up or log in Post Your Answer Still Have Questions? Find More Answers
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382556"
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MARCO_27_1256720887-9
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In the North American context, racist ideology served as justification for land appropriation and colonial violence towards Indigenous peoples as well as the enslavement of Africans starting in the sixteenth century. It was later used to justify state-sanctioned social, economic, and symbolic violence directed at blacks and other minorities under Jim Crow laws. In the mid-twentieth century, the American Civil Rights Movement, global anti-colonial movements, and increasing waves of non-European immigration to the West changed how individuals, groups, and nation-states talked about, viewed, understood, and categorized race. A major task for sociologists has been to assess these changes and their implications for racial discrimination and inequality.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382557"
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MARCO_43_40663531-1
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10 Dishes You Must Eat in Buenos Aires - Real Buenos Aires Food That Locals Love – Go Guides Things to do Hotels Food More Go Guides Buenos Aires Things to do Hotels Food GO Argentina Buenos Aires 10 Dishes You Must Eat in Buenos Aires Real Buenos Aires Food That Locals Love Content Asado Milanesa de carne Empanadas Locro Choripán Arroz con leche Pastelitos Dulce de leche Alfajores Mate The diet in Buenos Aires is very meat-heavy, especially beef! The country is well known for its steak, and this will no doubt be high on the list of most visitors come meal-times. But that’s not all you can munch on in Buenos Aires. Thanks to waves of immigration from the Mediterranean, you will find dishes inspired by Spanish and Italian cuisine feature prominently in the restaurants, cafés and markets of Argentina’s ornate capital. 1 Asado A banquet of beef Good for: Food Argentine asado needs no introduction, but just in case you've never heard of it, imagine world-class meat cuts salted and grilled to perfection. The ritual of asado begins with a serving of offals, such as sweetbread and kidneys, which are eaten while the main cuts finish cooking. Once done, you’ll be presented with a choice of ribs, sirloin and tenderloin, among other cuts.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382558"
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MARCO_58_1512159116-3
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This is followed by 20% in the tourism and commerce sectors, 17% in the financial services and business sectors, 10% in the manufacturing sector, and 6% in public administration. The city reported an 8.7% poverty rate in 2007, while the metropolitan area reported a poverty rate of 20.6%. In terms of ethnicity, most residents of Buenos Aires are of European descent. Some of the most commonly cited countries of origin include Italy, Spain, Germany, Scotland, Sweden, Greece, and Portugal. Additionally, the city is home to the largest Jewish population in South America, with a size of 250,000 people. Chinese immigrants make up the fourth-largest immigrant group, many of whom came from Taiwan during the 1980s. Approximately 61,876 individuals are of indigenous descent. Of these, the Quechua and Guaraní peoples make up the largest percentage, at 15.9% each. Amber Pariona July 16 2019 in World Facts Home World Facts What Is The Capital of Argentina?
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382558"
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MARCO_58_1513948343-6
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The first wave of Levantine immigrants was experienced in the country in the 19th century, and they were identified as Turks because the present-day countries of Syria and Lebanon had not been established and the Ottoman Empire occupied the region. Other Ethnic Groups in Argentina Other ethnic groups found in Argentina include Scandinavians, Dutch, Austrians, British Armenians, Czechs, Irish, Luxembourgers, Polish, Russians, Lithuanians, Ukrainians, Bulgarians, Welsh, Jewish, Amerindians, Africans, Swiss, and Asians among others. Benjamin Elisha Sawe June 28 2019 in Society Home Society What Is The Ethnic Composition Of Argentina?
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382559"
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MARCO_01_710131116-1
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Argentine Beef | Expose: Buenos Aires Argentine Beef Feature, Traditional Argentine Food — By Diego When someone thinks about the food in Argentina, beef is always the first thing to come to mind. Argentine´s claim it is the best in the world, and so do many foreigners. My personal opinion? It is excellent, but it is not the best in the world. I have tried steaks that are just as good in North America, where there is also some excellent, high quality beef. However, one of the great things about the beef here is high quality beef is easily accessible, and is not too expensive, especially when compared to other food prices. However, just like anywhere, the more you pay, the better the quality, and there is certainly meat that is not worth eating here. You will find that Argentine beef is definitely a little different than beef in other parts of the world. First of all, in most parts of the world, the cattle tend to be grain fed. Here in Argentina, they have lots of space and the cattle is generally grass fed. Grass fed cattle usually has less marbling, and grows slower, meaning the beef that you eat is older.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382559"
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MARCO_16_2206283069-2
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Due to the geography of the Pampas and a small national market, the cattle multiplied rapidly. Railway building within Argentina and the invention of refrigerated trains and ships in the late 19th century made an export market and Argentina's beef export industry started to thrive. The flipped seasons between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres meant that Argentine beef came onto the market at a time of year when beef was less at hand in the Northern Hemisphere, which further lifted the potential export market in the United States and European markets. Following the rising demand for high-quality beef, new breeds and selective crossbreeding have been developed. Argentine beef and its production have played a major part in the culture of Argentina, from the asado to the history of the gauchos of the Pampas. Landowners became wealthy from beef production and export, and estancia owners built large houses, important buildings in Buenos Aires and elsewhere, and contributed to politics, philanthropy, and society. The agricultural show La Rural each winter in Buenos Aires became a major part of the social season since it started in 1886. In Chile, heightened taxes for the import of Argentine cattle in 1905 led to the meat riots, one of the first massive protests in Santiago.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382560"
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MARCO_33_868347963-6
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With meat that is lean from the grass fed cows, one would expect it to dry out. But instead, what is surprising is that the meat is crispy on the outside and juicy on the inside. The asador moves the hot coal under the meat and adjusts the grill to regulate the temperatures for maximum juiciness. This cooking technique on lower heat for long periods, transforms even the leanest of grass-fed meat into tender and delicious beauties. The wait is long and the aromas can be painfully delicious. 6- The Simpler The Sauce, The Better Argentinian Chimichurri sauce When you start with good products and the meat is cooked long and slow, you will find that you will rarely need to add any condiments to your meat. Some salt and bay leaves would be fine. In Argentina, the most popular sauce for Argentinian grilling is chimichurri. This sauce is made of parsley, garlic, oregano, red pepper, vinegar, and olive oil. The chimichurri can be put on top of the meat as a final touch just before eating. By keeping the condiments and sauces simple you put the meat front and center. The taste of the meat isn’t masked by thick and strong flavored sauces. For your next barbecue, consider using only salt and herbs.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382560"
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MARCO_50_594653562-1
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What Makes Argentine Beef Taste So Good? What Makes Argentine Beef Taste So Good? July 24, 2017 in Argentinian Cuisine Argentinian beef has earned a reputation for being some of the world's best. It's widely known for being incomparably tender and richly flavored, even though it's rarely seasoned with anything but salt. So what makes Argentine beef taste so good? The answer lies in the lifespan of the beef, from start to finish. Grass-Fed on Las Pampas When the Spanish first brought cattle to Argentina in the 16th century, Las Pampas must have looked like paradise to them. The 289,577 square mile prairie is seemingly endless and mostly flat, with a humid and temperate climate perfect for growing plenty of cow-friendly grass. The many breeds of cattle introduced to Argentina thrived in the pampas, grazing happily and often, resulting in leaner, more flavorful and nutritious beef. Whereas most American beef is grain fed, the bulk of Argentinian cattle feed on the plentiful grass, resulting in more omega-3 fatty acids. That means Argentinian beef produces less risk of cholesterol or heart disease.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382561"
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MARCO_50_594653562-2
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No Antibiotics or Growth Hormones Cattle that are raised on grassy plains, eating grass, are much less likely to acquire or spread disease compared to the feed lot cattle of the United States, which are primarily fed grains such as corn. Therefore, they needn't be pumped full of antibiotics to stave off infections. Cows aren't meant to eat corn, and when they do they become more susceptible to health problems. But the point of feeding them grains is to fatten them up as quickly as possible, which is why grain-fed beef is more likely to be pumped full of growth hormones too. Traditionally-raised pampas cattle aren't unnaturally rushed in this way, resulting in much higher quality meat. Cut to Texture In addition to the way Argentinian beef is raised, the way it's butchered contributes to its superior flavor. Argentine steaks are cut differently than in the rest of the world, and there's undeniable logic to it: the cuts are based on the texture of different parts of the cow. An entire cut of tenderloin, called Lomo, for example. Or the rib cap, tapa de asado.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382562"
}
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MARCO_08_632127924-2
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Today, most cattle in Argentina are raised in feedlots, just like in the U.S. That transition has been driven by soaring prices in the global grain markets over the past decade, making it far more profitable to raise soybeans, wheat and corn than herd cattle. That may be good news for grain farmers, but it's not a welcome change for the chefs of Buenos Aires. 'It's politics, not gastronomy,' says Javier Urondo, chef and owner of Urondo Bar and Restaurant in the Parque Chacubuco neighborhood. Urondo would much rather buy grass-fed beef, but says it's impossible because the industry doesn't identify meat by production method. 'There's no way of knowing,' the affable 54-year-old told me over a late lunch at Bar Seis in the Palermo Soho neighborhood. 'Even my butcher doesn't know.' And because the change has been gradual, Urondo says, most customers don't notice the difference. (That thought was seconded in a September report on Argentina's beef production by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Foreign Agricultural Service.) Dan Perlman, an American chef and writer living in Buenos Aires who runs his own 'secret' restaurant, Casa SaltShaker, has also noticed the difference.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382562"
}
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MARCO_08_632127924-3
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When I first came to Argentina, I said, 'This is what beef is supposed to taste like!' Now, it's just steak,' Perlman says. Enlarge this image Chef Javier Urondo laments the passing of pampas-fed beef. Nancy Shute/NPR hide caption toggle caption Nancy Shute/NPR Chef Javier Urondo laments the passing of pampas-fed beef. Nancy Shute/NPR How exactly does grass-fed beef taste difference from grain-fed beef? As NPR's Allison Aubrey has reported, the meat from cows that dine on grass may be chewier and less fatty. She also cites a recent analysis from the Union of Concerned Scientists that found that grass-fed steak has about twice as many omega-3s as a typical grain-fed steak. The flavor used to be a selling point for Argentina, which has a long, proud history as the world's great exporter of beef, starting way back in the 1800s. But in recent years Argentina has ceded that crown to Brazil. Government policies are also helping shrink the country's beef exports. For years, the price of beef was kept artificially low to encourage domestic consumption. But that didn't suit the cattlemen too well.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382563"
}
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MARCO_33_868347963-2
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Argentine Grilling Secret “Crust The Meat” Seven Fires: Grilling the Argentine Way 5 – Grill Slow At Low Temperatures 6- The Simpler The Sauce, The Better 7- Put More Than Beef On The Grill Looking for More Food and Local Tips About Argentina? 8- Emulate The Argentinian Grilling Rituals 9 – Argentinian Grilling Is A Day Long Affair In Summary Read More Local Food Experiences Love Argentinian Grilling? Pin it! 1- Start With Good Quality Ingredients Cattle grazing in the open fields of the Argentine Pampas When it comes to what you put on the grill, the quality of the ingredients matter. In Argentina, the cows where the meat comes from are grass fed. In the Pampas, one of the most important farming regions, you see the cows freely roaming and eating grass in the fields. As a result, the beef cuts are leaner and healthier. You will find quality ingredients not only for the beef, but also for chicken, pork, fish and vegetables. In Argentina, the quality of the products that are put on the grill is exceptionally high. You will never see frozen patties cooking on a grill. This means that in the end, when eating the food, you will be able to greatly appreciate the flavors and textures.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382563"
}
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MARCO_01_1762382176-5
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The gourd is then filled about two-thirds full of yerba mate leaves, shaken, and tipped at an angle. A small amount of hot water is poured into the empty side, and after a couple of minutes, the bombilla is inserted and a larger quantity of hot water added. Each of the numerous books and websites I read that described mate preparation had different instructions for the precise method of creating an ideal mate—and in fact, many people prefer to leave this immensely important and challenging task to a cebador, a local expert in mate preparation. Every source I consulted, however, was in agreement that unlike tea, mate must never be made with boiling water. Mate has the somewhat bitter taste of tannins, much like tea. Because of the ratio of leaves to water, it is a very strong flavor. Some of my companions likened it to “grass,” “hay,” or “alfalfa.” I believe these descriptions were intended to be uncomplimentary. I felt about the taste the way I felt about coffee the first time: kind of bitter, not immediately appealing, but I’ll bet it could grow on me. Drink Me Mate is normally shared among several people.
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{
"last_modified_datetime": "2024-04-12T16:39:48.382564"
}
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