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Appraisal Fee Collection Issues Change Date March 11, 2019 • This chapter has been revised in its entirety. a. When an appraisal is ordered, the requester must certify in WebLGY that the Certification appraisal fee has been collected and is being held to be paid to the appraiser. Fee to be Paid b.
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Fee to be Paid b. Timely VA expects requesters to pay the appraiser within 30 to 45 days after the Payment of NOV is issued or it is determined by VA that an NOV will not be issued. the Fee c. RLC Appraisers may notify the RLC of jurisdiction about ongoing, documented Assistance issues collecting fees. The RLC may contact the requester to resolve the Collecting issue.
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In the event that the requester fails to pay the appraisal fee, the RLC Overdue Fees may require advance payment from the requester on future appraisals. d. VA Appraisers may not require advance payment from requesters or charge late Authorization fees unless approved in writing by VA. of Advance Fees 10-38 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 10: Appraisal Process 26.
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Request from the Veteran to Change Lenders Change Date March 11, 2019 • This chapter has been revised in its entirety. a. Lender Lenders are expected to cooperate when a Veteran decides to change lenders. Responsibilities The lender who ordered the appraisal must transfer the case to the new lender when requested by the Veteran in writing (including email).
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An appraisal report and case number may be transferred to another LAPP lender in WebLGY by a SAR of the original lender. The new lender should provide to the Veteran, their email address, phone number, and VA Lender ID number to be included in the Veteran’s letter to the original lender. b. New An NOV issued by a SAR is not transferable to another lender.
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The new Lender Must lender’s SAR must review the appraisal and issue a new NOV to the Veteran. Issue the NOV c. Lender Not If the new lender does not participate in LAPP, the Veteran’s request to Approved for change lenders must be submitted to the RLC of jurisdiction. The RLC will LAPP issue the NOV. 10-39 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 10: Appraisal Process 27.
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Natural Disaster during the Appraisal Process Change Date March 11, 2019 • This chapter has been revised in its entirety. a. Lenders are required to check the FEMA website at www.fema.gov/disasters Declarations for the specific lists of counties and disaster declaration dates.
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Disaster Listed Online information is also provided on the VA Home Loan website at https://www.benefits.va.gov/HOMELOANS/, as applicable. b. Appraisal If the appraisal had been ordered, but the appraiser had not yet visited the Not property before the date of the disaster, the appraiser will complete the Completed appraisal as usual, subject to any MPR repairs.
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No additional documentation Before the is needed. Disaster c. Appraisal If the property was appraised on or before the date of the declared disaster and Completed - not closed prior to that date, the following items must be submitted with the Loan Not VA guaranty request: Closed Before Disaster 1.
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Lender’s signed and dated certification that “This is to affirm that the property which is security for VA loan number _________________ has been inspected to ensure that it was either not damaged in the recently declared disaster or has been restored to its pre-disaster condition or better.” 2.
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Veteran’s signed and dated certification that “I have inspected the property located at ___________________ and find its condition now to be acceptable to me. I understand that I will not be charged for any disaster-related expenses and now wish to close the loan.” d.
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Decrease in If there is an indication that the property value may have declined due to the Value After disaster, despite the completion of repairs, the lender must have the Disaster VA-assigned appraiser perform a new appraisal.
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The payment of the appraiser’s fee for this service will be a contractual matter between the buyer and seller. 10-40 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 10: Appraisal Process 28. Title Limitations Change Date March 11, 2019 • This chapter has been revised in its entirety. a.
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Lender If the lender determines that a title limitation or condition discovered prior to Responsibilities loan closing may affect eligibility, the lender must contact the appraiser to determine if the property is still eligible to become the security for a VA-guaranteed loan.
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If the condition was discovered after the effective date of the appraisal, the appraiser may consider this a new assignment and an additional fee may be charged to the Veteran. b.
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VA If VA becomes aware of limitations or conditions which were not considered Processing in the appraisal report or covered by 38 CFR 36
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.4354, the RLC of jurisdiction Procedures will: • contact the fee appraiser if additional information is needed to determine the effect of the limitation or condition on the value estimate, • consider the impact of the condition or limitation on the reasonable value of the property, • describe the condition or limitation in WebLGY notes, and • issue an amended NOV, if appropriate
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. 10-41 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 10: Appraisal Process Appendix 1.
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Steps for Requesting an Appraisal Step Action 1 Obtain a user ID and password for the Veterans Information Portal (VIP) (see Chapter 10, Topic 2 of this Handbook) 2 Ensure that the property is eligible for an appraisal.
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Contact the RLC with any questions about property eligibility or if the property is not eligible, but is already the security for a VA loan 3 Request for Certificate of Eligibility (COE) 4 Log on to VIP and select WebLGY > Request Appraisal > Select Appraisal Type 5 Input all requested information to generate VA Form 26-1805-1, VA Request for Determination of Reasonable Value 6 To avoid a delay
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of Reasonable Value 6 To avoid a delay for the Veteran, provide a complete legal description and ensure that the Point of Contact’s (POC) information is correct and that the POC can provide access to the property for the appraiser without any additional calls 7 WebLGY will: - assign a case number (in liquidation cases, this will be the existing VA loan number for the property that must be
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VA loan number for the property that must be provided by the requester) - assign an appraiser (since VA is required by law to select the fee appraiser on a rotational basis from a panel maintained by VA) -generate a completed VA Form 26-1805-1, VA Request for Determination of Reasonable Value -e-mail the assignment to the VA-assigned fee appraiser Continued on next page 10-42 VA Pamphlet 26-7,
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Continued on next page 10-42 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 10: Appraisal Process Appendix 1
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.
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Steps for Requesting an Appraisal, continued Step Action 8 If the Veteran is purchasing a home, the same day the assignment is made, the requester must upload a copy of the sales contract and any construction exhibits into WebLGY. VA highly recommends the use of reduced-size construction drawings to save copying, mailing, and storage costs for all parties involved.
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Building plans, elevations and details, traditionally drawn at ¼ inch scale and larger, can be photographically reduced or computer-drawn to be clearly readable on 8½ by 14-inch pages. Other exhibits normally provided in an 8½ by 11-inch format (such as specifications, certifications, etc.) must not be further reduced.
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VA does not accept 11 by 17-inch pages as this size is not compatible with scanning equipment generally available to program participants. 9 For all appraisal types, if the legal description is lengthy and does not fit in the legal description block on the appraisal request, a copy of the complete legal description must be uploaded into WebLGY the same day the assignment is made
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. 10 In most cases, the appraisal will be assigned instantly.
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If an appraiser is not assigned by WebLGY, please notify the RLC of jurisdiction. Requesters must not re-enter the information as a duplicate appraisal request will be generated.
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RLC Contact http://www.benefits.va.gov/HOMELOANS/contact_cv.asp or Information http://www.benefits.va.gov/HOMELOANS/contact_rlc_info.asp 10-43 Chapter 11 Appraisal Report Overview In this This Chapter contains the following topics.
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Chapter Topic Topic Name See Page 1 Appraisal Reports 11-3 2 Market Value 11-4 3 Appraisal Report Contents 11-5 4 Gross Living Area 11-8 5 Room Additions and Car Storage Conversions 11-9 6 Accessory Dwelling Unit 11-10 7 Nuisances 11-11 8 Remaining Economic Life 11-12 9 Effective Age 11-13 10 Highest and Best Use 11-14 11 Farm Residences 11-15 12 Condominiums 11-16 13 Uniform Appraisal Dataset
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Condominiums 11-16 13 Uniform Appraisal Dataset 11-19 14 Sales Comparison Approach 11-20 15 Cost Approach 11-23 16 Income Approach 11-24 17 Final Reconciliation 11-25 18 Appraisal Conditions 11-26 Continued on next page VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 11: Appraisal Report Overview, continued a
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In this Chapter, Topic Topic Name See continued Page 19 Appraiser Training a New Appraiser 11-27 20 Liquidation Appraisals 11-28 21 Partial Release Appraisals 11-31 22 Vacant Land Appraisals 11-33 11-2 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 11: Appraisal Report 1. Appraisal Reports Change Date February 22, 2019 • This Chapter has been revised in its entirety. a.
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USPAP and The appraiser assigned by VA must prepare the appraisal report in accordance VA with Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP), the Requirements specific VA requirements outlined in this handbook, and in circulars periodically issued when program changes arise. b.
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Appraisers Appraisers who have been appointed to VA’s fee appraiser panel have been Trained by VA trained on VA appraisal requirements. Lenders may rely on VA fee panel appraisers to have performed the appraisal in accordance with VA guidelines without the need for additional statements or certifications. c.
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SAR Lenders’ Staff Appraisal Reviewers (SARs) who are reviewing appraisal Responsibilities reports must be familiar with residential appraisal principles and VA’s specific requirements for appraisal reports. 11-3 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 11: Appraisal Report 2. Market Value Change Date February 22, 2019 • This Chapter has been revised in its entirety. a.
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Market The appraiser must estimate the market value, as "the most probable price that Value a property should bring in a competitive and open market under all conditions Definition requisite to a fair sale, the buyer and seller, each acting prudently, knowledgeably and assuming the price is not affected by undue stimulus.” VA considers reasonable value and market value to be synonymous.
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VA’s definition of market value is consistent with that used by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and major appraisal organizations. b. Protecting The quality of the appraisal is critical in protecting the interests of Veterans, the Interests of lenders, servicers, and VA.
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This fact requires VA to be integrally involved in Veterans, its management and oversight of the appraisal process, from the initial Lenders, assignment of the appraiser through the issuance of the Notice of Value Servicers and (NOV), as well as oversight performed on closed loans. VA c.
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VA c. Oversight Any appraisal report is unacceptable if the analysis is not based upon recognized appraisal practices and was intended to "accommodate" or "meet" the sales price. 11-4 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 11: Appraisal Report 3. Appraisal Report Contents, continued c. Appraisal 4.
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Building • Gross living area calculations Report Sketch • Exterior dimensions of dwelling, basement, and any Contents, other improvements contributing value continued • Basement may be shown in relation to the floor plan of the house instead of separately • Floor plan layout (interior room dimensions and partitioning are not required) • If interior access is not provided on a liquidation
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interior access is not provided on a liquidation appraisal, a sketch is not required 5
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. • Clear and labeled Photographs • Front and rear taken at opposite angles to show all sides of the dwelling if possible • Improvements with contributory value • Minimum Property Requirement (MPR) repair items • Street scene • Any views affecting value • Kitchen • Main living area • Bathrooms • Any recent updates, remodeling or renovation • Front view of each comparable sale (real estate
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• Front view of each comparable sale (real estate marketing photographs are acceptable with an explanation, for example, to exhibit condition at the time of sale, or if a comparable sale is in a gated community that was not accessible to the appraiser) • For condominiums, if the subject and sales are in the same building or identical buildings, the appraiser may comment instead of providing
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the appraiser may comment instead of providing photographs of the sales • Interior photographs are not required on liquidation appraisals when access to the interior of the property is not available 6
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.
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Repair list • Itemized list of any observed MPR repairs (see Chapter 12 of this handbook) or customer preference items to be installed on new construction appraisals • May be included directly on the appraisal form 7.
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Uniform • UAD Property Condition and Quality Rating Appraisal Definitions Dataset • UAD Property Description Abbreviations (see Topic (UAD) 13 of this chapter) Continued on next page 11-6 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 11: Appraisal Report 3. Appraisal Report Contents, continued c.
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Appraisal 8
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. • Required by state law Report Appraiser’s • Related to continuing education or membership in Contents, certifications professional appraisal organizations continued • Additional certifications may be made on a separate form or page, provided they do not conflict with the language on the Statement of Assumptions and Limiting Conditions, any preprinted language on the appraisal form, or VA
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preprinted language on the appraisal form, or VA appraisal requirements 9
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. • Required on liquidation appraisals only (see Topic 20 Liquidation of this chapter) appraisal addendum 11-7 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 11: Appraisal Report 4.
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Gross Living Area Change Date February 22, 2019 • This Chapter has been revised in its entirety. a. Definition Gross living area (GLA) refers to the square footage of the area that is finished, habitable, contiguous, above-grade, residential space calculated by measuring the outside walls of the structure. b.
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Non- The functional utility and contributory value of any non-contiguous areas Contiguous should be considered by the appraiser and listed separately from the GLA on Areas the market data grid. c. Basements Basements, whether or not finished, must not be included in the GLA. d. Attics Finished attics may be included in the GLA. e.
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Below-Grade If any part of a finished level is below grade, the appraiser must determine Areas whether it should be considered GLA or valued separately. If the appraiser determines that a partially below-grade habitable space is similar to the GLA in design, quality of construction, and appeal, has full utility and is accepted in the market, the appraiser may include the area in the GLA.
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If the partially below-grade space is inferior to the rest of the property and not accepted in the market, the appraiser may determine that the area is not part of the GLA. In cases such as these, the contributory value of partially below- grade space should be considered separately on the market data grid. 11-8 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 11: Appraisal Report 5.
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Room Additions and Car Storage Conversions Change Date February 22, 2019 • This Chapter has been revised in its entirety. a.
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GLA Room additions and enclosures of garages and carports into the living area Considerations should be included in the GLA if the added space is: • accessible from the interior of the main dwelling in a functional manner, • has a permanent and sufficient heat source, and • is similar in design, quality of construction and appeal to the main dwelling. b.
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Non-GLA Added space that does not meet the criteria listed above must be valued Areas Valued separately from the GLA on the market data grid. The appraiser must Separately consider the effect on marketability of an inferior addition or conversion when arriving at the line item adjustment for the added space.
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When selecting and analyzing comparable sales, the appraiser should consider the differences in quality and utility of room additions and converted spaces when compared with originally constructed space. 11-9 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 11: Appraisal Report 5. Room Additions and Car Storage Conversions Change Date February 22, 2019 • This Chapter has been revised in its entirety. a.
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GLA Room additions and enclosures of garages and carports into the living area Considerations should be included in the GLA if the added space is: • accessible from the interior of the main dwelling in a functional manner, • has a permanent and sufficient heat source, and • is similar in design, quality of construction and appeal to the main dwelling. b.
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Non-GLA Added space that does not meet the criteria listed above must be valued Areas Valued separately from the GLA on the market data grid. The appraiser must Separately consider the effect on marketability of an inferior addition or conversion when arriving at the line item adjustment for the added space.
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When selecting and analyzing comparable sales, the appraiser should consider the differences in quality and utility of room additions and converted spaces when compared with originally constructed space. 11-9 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 11: Appraisal Report 6. Accessory Dwelling Unit Change Date February 22, 2019 • This Chapter has been revised in its entirety. a.
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Single Real An Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU) is a living unit including kitchen, Estate Entity sleeping, and bathroom facilities added to or created within a single-family dwelling, or detached on the same site. A manufactured home on the site could be an ADU. The dwelling and the ADU together constitute a single real estate entity. b.
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Highest and As part of the highest and best use analysis, the appraiser must determine if Best Use the property is a single-family dwelling with an ADU, or a two-family dwelling. The highest and best use must be a legal use (see Topic 10). A two-family dwelling must be appraised on the Fannie Mae Form 1025, Small Residential Income Property Appraisal Report. c.
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ADU Valued An ADU is usually subordinate in size, location, and appearance to the Separately primary dwelling unit and may or may not have separately metered utilities and separate means of ingress and egress. The appraiser must not include the living area of the ADU in the calculation of the GLA of the primary dwelling. The ADU must be valued separately as a line item on the market data grid. d.
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Notify the The appraiser must notify the lender if a property has more than one ADU. Lender if More than One Unit e.
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Lender if More than One Unit e. Detached A manufactured home, shed, or other detached building on the property which Buildings does not have kitchen, sleeping, and bathroom facilities or cannot be legally used as a dwelling, may be valued as storage space if it does not present any health or safety issues. 11-10 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 11: Appraisal Report 7.
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Nuisances Change Date February 22, 2019 • This Chapter has been revised in its entirety. a. Effect on While nuisances do not make a property ineligible or require repair, the Value appraiser must describe any nuisances and consider any effect on value. b. Sales with If available, comparable sales influenced by the same nuisance, should be Same Influence used by the appraiser. c.
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Examples Examples of nuisances include heavy traffic, noise from a nearby highway, or odors from a factory in the vicinity. 11-11 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 11: Appraisal Report 7. Nuisances Change Date February 22, 2019 • This Chapter has been revised in its entirety. a.
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Effect on While nuisances do not make a property ineligible or require repair, the Value appraiser must describe any nuisances and consider any effect on value. b. Sales with If available, comparable sales influenced by the same nuisance, should be Same Influence used by the appraiser. c.
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Examples Examples of nuisances include heavy traffic, noise from a nearby highway, or odors from a factory in the vicinity. 11-11 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 11: Appraisal Report 8. Remaining Economic Life Change Date February 22, 2019 • This Chapter has been revised in its entirety. a.
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Factors in Remaining economic life is the estimated period of time until the Estimating improvements are expected to no longer serve their intended purpose as a Remaining home.
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In estimating the remaining economic life, the appraiser must consider: Economic Life • the relationship between the property and the economic stability of the block, neighborhood, and community, • comparisons with homes in the same or similar areas, • the need for a home of the particular type being appraised, • the architectural design, style and functional utility of the property, • the
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and functional utility of the property, • the condition and durability of the property, • maintenance levels of other properties in the area, and • in areas where municipalities have established code enforcement areas, their expected results in improving the neighborhood for residential use
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. b.
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Comment if The appraiser must estimate the remaining economic life as a single number Under 30 Years and include specific comments if the estimated remaining economic life is less than 30 years. c. Reporting The estimated remaining economic life must be provided in the cost approach section of the appraisal report.
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For condominium units, the estimated remaining economic life must be provided in the “Reconciliation” section of the appraisal report. 11-12 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 11: Appraisal Report 9. Effective Age Change Date February 22, 2019 • This Chapter has been revised in its entirety. a.
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Estimating While the actual age is the number of years since the home was constructed, Effective Age the effective age reflects the condition and functional utility of the property. For example, remodeling will likely decrease the effective age of a home while a lack of maintenance can increase the effective age, possibly to a number greater than the actual age. b.
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Comment if The appraiser must state the effective age as a single number and include Significant comments if the effective age differs significantly from the actual age. Change From Actual Age c. Completed Since recommended repairs are included in value on origination appraisals, Repairs the effective age should reflect the condition of the property as repaired.
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Considered 11-13 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 11: Appraisal Report 10. Highest and Best Use Change Date February 22, 2019 • This Chapter has been revised in its entirety. a. Definition The highest and best use of a property is the most probable use which is physically possible, appropriately supported, legally permissible, financially feasible, and results in the highest value. b.
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Appraisal to While the appraiser must determine the highest and best use, the appraiser Meet VA must also complete the appraisal in accordance with VA guidelines.
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For Guidelines example, since VA-guaranteed loans are made for residential purposes, no value may be given to commercial uses, crops, livestock, land for future development, or any other non-residential use. 11-14 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 11: Appraisal Report 11. Farm Residences Change Date February 22, 2019 • This Chapter has been revised in its entirety. a.
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Farm Although VA does not make farm or other business loans, Veterans may use Residence is an their VA home loan benefit to purchase a property on which there is a farm Eligible residence. Property b. No Limit on VA does not set a limit on the number of acres which the property may have.
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Number of The appraisal of properties with acreage should not present difficulties if Acres similar properties in the area were recently sold primarily for residential use. c.
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Residential Improvements not typically considered residential, for example, barns, Purposes corrals, or stables, must be valued by the appraiser as they contribute to the Considered in market value of the property for residential purposes only.
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The appraiser must Valuation not include in value any livestock, crops, or farm equipment. 11-15 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 11: Appraisal Report 12. Condominiums Change Date February 22, 2019 • This Chapter has been revised in its entirety. a.
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All condominium units, including site condominiums and manufactured home Condominium condominiums, must be located in a condominium development that has been Development accepted by VA prior to loan guaranty. SARs receiving an appraisal for a Accepted by condominium unit in a development that has not been at least conditionally VA accepted by VA may not issue the NOV. b.
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Avoid Ensuring that the condominium is accepted by VA before ordering the Unnecessary appraisal is recommended to avoid an unnecessary appraisal fee in the event Appraisal Fee that the condominium is not accepted by VA. c.
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Ineligible Condo-hotel properties where units are placed in a rental pool and “air” Property Types condominiums that do not have a homeowners association are not eligible for appraisal as these condominiums do not meet VA guidelines. If a question arises as to whether or not a condominium would be accepted by VA, VA acceptance should be requested (see subsection g of this Topic). d.
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HUD/FHA VA no longer accepts HUD/FHA condominium approvals as the Review Process condominium approval requirements differ from VA’s requirements. e. Spot VA does not perform “spot” approvals of individual condominium units Approvals within a condominium development. f.
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A list of VA-accepted condominium developments, with any conditions Condominium needed for approval, and condominium ID numbers, may be found at List Available https://vip.vba.va.gov/portal/VBAH/Home under “Featured Items” in “Condo Online Reports”. Continued on next page 11-16 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 11: Appraisal Report 12. Condominiums, continued g.
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Documents Lenders seeking VA acceptance of a condominium which has not already Needed for been reviewed by VA must establish a record for the condominium in Review WebLGY and upload the following documents in PDF format in this stacking order: • Declaration • Bylaws • Amendments • Plat Map • Rules and Regulations • Meeting Minutes • Budget • Special Assessment Letter • Litigation Letter • Presale
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Assessment Letter • Litigation Letter • Presale Letter • Any additional documents h
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.
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Legal Review When the required documents are uploaded, the RLC will request a review by Results VA’s legal counsel. The RLC will notify the requester of the results of the review and update the status of the condominium in WebLGY. Continued on next page 11-17 VA Pamphlet 26-7, Revised Chapter 11: Appraisal Report 12. Condominiums, continued i.
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Condominiums, continued i. Appraisal In most cases, the appraiser will prepare the appraisal on Fannie Mae Form Requirements 1073, Individual Condominium Unit Appraisal Report.
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Appraisals of manufactured home condominium units must be prepared on Fannie Mae Form 1004C, Manufactured Home Appraisal Report, with the details about the condominium development usually provided in the Project Information Section of the condominium appraisal form included within the appraisal report.
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Liquidation appraisals of condominium units must be prepared on Fannie Mae Form 1075, Exterior-Only Inspection Individual Condominium Unit Appraisal Report, if interior access was not provided.
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