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A case of Miller Fisher syndrome with anti GQ1b in Thailand. Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS) is a rare variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and is characterized by the clinical triad of ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, and areflexia. The incidence rate in Thailand has not been established but it occurred approximately 1-5% that of GBS. Here, the authors report a Thai patient diagnosed as MFS that had a positive test of antibodies against the ganglioside GQ1b. These antibodies have diagnostic and pathogenic importance to MFS because of high sensitivity and specificity. All other investigations, such as cerebrospinal fluid analysis, electrophysiological studies, and imaging studies had no significant abnormalities. The patient was successfully treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and fully recovered within one month. After eighteen months follow-up, he is still healthy and has had no recurrent symptoms.
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Fatigue Damage Accumulation Model of 6082-T6 Aluminum Alloy in Conditions of Block Bending and Torsion This article presents a comparison of damage accumulation calculations performed according to the Palmgren-Miner linear damage hypothesis and a new nonlinear damage accumulation aggregation hypothesis based on material memory for completed experimental block tests of 6082-T6 aluminum alloy. Block loads represent operating runs by way of application in proper sequence blocks with the specific number of cycles of the sinusoidal course. Depending on the combination chosen, the duration of the first block was 20, 40, or 60 % of the base number of cycles Nf and of the second block until damage. Block tests were carried out for both bending and torsion. Moreover, the article contains a review of the newest proposals regarding the assessment of fatigue damage accumulation. The results obtained from calculations of the analyzed two hypotheses of fatigue damage accumulation have been compared with the calculations of a damage degree for random loading. During the analysis of the average values obtained, it may be observed that the authors’ new proposal gives better results.
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A dark mode in scanning thermal microscopy. The need for high lateral spatial resolution in thermal science using Scanning Thermal Microscopy (SThM) has pushed researchers to look for more and more tiny probes. SThM probes have consequently become more and more sensitive to the size effects that occur within the probe, the sample, and their interaction. Reducing the tip furthermore induces very small heat flux exchanged between the probe and the sample. The measurement of this flux, which is exploited to characterize the sample thermal properties, requires then an accurate thermal management of the probe-sample system and to reduce any phenomenon parasitic to this system. Classical experimental methodologies must then be constantly questioned to hope for relevant and interpretable results. In this paper, we demonstrate and estimate the influence of the laser of the optical force detection system used in the common SThM setup that is based on atomic-force microscopy equipment on SThM measurements. We highlight the bias induced by the overheating due to the laser illumination on the measurements performed by thermoresistive probes (palladium probe from Kelvin Nanotechnology). To face this issue, we propose a new experimental procedure based on a metrological approach of the measurement: a SThM "dark mode." The comparison with the classical procedure using the laser shows that errors between 14% and 37% can be reached on the experimental data exploited to determine the heat flux transferred from the hot probe to the sample.
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A low cost embedded color vision system In this paper we describe a functioning low cost embedded vision system which can perform basic color blob tracking at 16.7 frames per second. This system utilizes a low cost CMOS color camera module and all image data is processed by a high speed, low cost microcontroller. This eliminates the need for a separate frame grabber and high speed host computer typically found in traditional vision systems. The resulting embedded system makes it possible to utilize simple color vision algorithms in applications like small mobile robotics where a traditional vision system would not be practical.
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Publicity and Indifference (Sarajevo on Television) The price of eternal vigilance is indifference. —Marshall McLuhan, Understanding Media (30) Here in Sarajevo, hundreds of TV crews parade before our very eyes; dozens of foreign journalists, reporters, and writers. Everything is known here, right down to minutest details, and yet, nothing … —Jean Marie Cardinal Lustiger (qtd. in Dizdarevic 39) With these epigraphs I aim to abbreviate a frequently cited “lesson of bosnia”——That a country was destroyed and a genocide happened, in the heart of Europe, on television, and what is known as the world or the West simply looked on and did nothing. Bosnians, said one to the American journalist David Rieff, “felt as you would feel if you were mugged in full view of a policeman and he did nothing to rescue you” (140). Or, as Rieff says with slightly more precision, 200,000 Bosnian Muslims died, in full view of the world's television cameras, and more than two million other people were forcibly displaced. A state formally recognized by the European Community and the United States […] and the United Nations […] was allowed to be destroyed. While it was being destroyed, UN military forces and officials looked on, offering “humanitarian” assistance and protesting […] that there was no will in the international community to do anything more. (23)
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Modeling Conductive Heat Transfer during High‐Pressure Thawing Processes: Determination of Latent Heat as a Function of Pressure A numerical heat transfer model for predicting product temperature profiles during high‐pressure thawing processes was recently proposed by the authors. In the present work, the predictive capacity of the model was considerably improved by taking into account the pressure dependence of the latent heat of the product that was used (Tylose). The effect of pressure on the latent heat of Tylose was experimentally determined by a series of freezing experiments conducted at different pressure levels. By combining a numerical heat transfer model for freezing processes with a least sum of squares optimization procedure, the corresponding latent heat at each pressure level was estimated, and the obtained pressure relation was incorporated in the original high‐pressure thawing model. Excellent agreement with the experimental temperature profiles for both high‐pressure freezing and thawing was observed.
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Evaluating Stroke Rehabilitation using Brain Functional Network and Corticomuscular Coupling. Stroke is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Traditionally, doctors assess stroke rehabilitation assessment, which can be subjective. Therefore, an objective assessment method is required. In this context, we investigated the changes in brain functional connectivity patterns and corticomuscular coupling in stroke patients during rehabilitation. In this study, electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) of stroke patients were collected synchronously at baseline(BL), two weeks after BL, and four weeks after BL. A brain functional network was established, and the corticomuscular coupling relationship was calculated using phase transfer entropy (PTE). We found that during the rehabilitation of stroke patients, the overall connection of the brain functional network was strengthened, and the network characteristic value increased. The average corticomuscular PTE appeared to first decrease and subsequently increase, and the PTE increase in the frontal lobe was significant. In this study, PTE was used for the first time to analyze the relationship between EEG signals in patients with hemiplegia. We believe that our findings contribute to evaluating the rehabilitation of stroke patients with hemiplegia.
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Plasma-filled diode based on the coaxial gun. The paper presents the results of studies of a coaxial gun for a plasma-filled electron diode. Effects of the discharge channel diameter and gun current on characteristics of the plasma and pulse generated in the diode were investigated. The electron beam with maximum energy of ≥1 MeV at the current of ≈100 kA was obtained in the experiments with a plasma-filled diode. The energy of ≈5 kJ with the peak power of ≥100 GW dissipated in the diode.
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Emerging Technologies for Inquiry-Based Learning in Science The aim of this workshop is to promote discussion and collaboration among educational practitioners and researchers, and others with an interest in using new technologies to stimulate learners' interest and motivation in science topics, and to explore ways in which emerging technologies can be appropriated for use in scientific investigations in schools and elsewhere, to bring about a more engaging and hands-on approach to science learning.
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Expression of bone morphogenetic proteins in human metastatic prostate and breast cancer. AIM To analyze the expression of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in prostate and breast cancers with established metastasis in bone, where prostate cancer causes osteoblastic metastases, and breast cancer osteolytic metastases. METHODS Primary tumor specimens from 20 patients with prostate cancer and 15 with breast cancer were studied for BMP-2/4, -3, -5, -6 and -7 immunohistochemistry. All patients had multiple bone metastases proven by bone scan. We also examined BMPs expression in normal prostate and breast tissues. BMPs expression was compared with clinicopathological and biochemical parameters. RESULTS Cytoplasmic BMPs immunostaining was observed in both prostate cancer and normal prostate tissue. Expression of BMP-2/4, -5, -6, and -7 proteins was detected in all normal prostate samples, with the predominance of BMP-2/4 (87.8-/+11.4% positive cells) and BMP-7 (94.6-/+0.9% positive cells). In prostate cancer tissues, we found variable expression of all BMPs. BMP-2/4 (83-/+11.6% positive cells) was predominantly expressed in prostate carcinoma, whereas the expression of BMP-7 (24.3-/+19.2% positive cells) was significantly lower than in the normal prostate. In all breast cancers tissues, we found nuclear staining only for BMP-7. In normal breast tissue, the BMP expression was not detectable. The percent of BMP-7 positive cells in breast cancer (86.4-/+7.3%) was higher than in prostatic cancer. Comparing BMP expression levels and clinicopathological parameters, we did not find statistical difference, except for serum alkaline phosphatase, which was significantly higher in patients with prostate cancer. CONCLUSION The expression of BMPs differs between prostate and breast cancer cells. Identifying the
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BMP proteins in cancers may be useful for monitoring the tumor status with reference to metastases.
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5-Hydroxytryptamine extraction by the lung. Both 5-hydroxytryptamine and norepinephrine are removed from blood during a single passage through the pulmonary vasculature of the dog; 5-hydroxytryptamine is removed to a greater degree than is norepinephrine. The magnitude of extraction of both 5-hydroxytryptamine and norepinephrine is similar to that previously determined in man. In the intact dog, imipramine inhibits the uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine by the lung in a dose-dependent manner.
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Cycloid psychotic disorder: validation of the concept by means of a follow-up and a family study. A 3-year prospective follow-up investigation and a family study were carried out in patients fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for cycloid psychotic disorder proposed by Perris and Brockington in 1981. The results show that cycloid psychosis differs in several respects from schizoaffective disorders as defined by current diagnostic criteria used in the United States. Furthermore, they seem to suggest that most cases of cycloid psychosis are not variants of either schizophrenia or major affective disorders.
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Examining the Factors Affecting PDA Acceptance among Physicians: An Extended Technology Acceptance Model. This study aims at identifying the factors affecting the intention to use personal digital assistant (PDA) technology among physicians in Turkey using an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). A structural equation-modeling approach was used to identify the variables that significantly affect the intention to use PDA technology. The data were collected from 339 physicians in Turkey. Results indicated that 71% of the physicians' intention to use PDA technology is explained by perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. On comparing both, the perceived ease of use has the strongest effect, whereas the effect of perceived enjoyment on behavioral intention to use is found to be insignificant. This study concludes with the recommendations for managers and possible future research.
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Fast Hough transform algorithm for radar detection In this paper, a fast algorithm for radar detection based on line Hough transform is presented. Unlike the traditional method, the idea of our proposed is that the point of data space should be mapped into the Hough parameter space of slope and intercept, where the relative position of the points in the data space is preserved. Then, only one time transformation of coordinate is employed to get the position of a batch points in parameter space. Therefore, the computation burden is significantly reduced. In addition, the detector performance is investigated. Finally, we illuminate the reduction of computation in details.
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Modifying ARPS method by use of global motion information for fast and precise motion estimation In this article we introduce a novel motion estimation method for video sequences. Proposed method can be employed as a part of video encoders, and decoders to increase the compression ratio, and decrease the temporal redundancies. In the presented method, first a global motion vector is computed for each frame, by use of a fast procedure. This step is in fact, the key to the whole algorithm, because its result affects the accuracy and computational load of the next steps. The obtained motion vector is then directly attributed to the blocks with the global motion. To deal with the blocks whose motions are not equal to the global motion, a fast-search method, dubbed M-ARPS (M-ARPS), is suggested. Finally, by performing thorough experiments we demonstrate the supremacy of the proposed method in relation to some popular block-based motion estimation algorithms.
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Cervical cancer screening programme in Primorsko-Goranska County, Croatia--the results of the pilot study. The opportunistic cervical cancer screening has been conducted in Croatia since its introduction in the 1960s, in the context of a high quality gynaecological cytology with a long tradition and a wide network of primary care gynaecologists. In 2006, a pilot screening programme under the title "Early detection of cervical cancer was conducted in Primorsko-Goranska County (PGC)", as the first organised cervical cancer screening ever conducted in the Republic of Croatia. The pilot screening programme targeted women aged 20-64 years. The pilot group consisted of 6,000 randomly sampled primary care patients of six gynaecologists. The women were invited via a personal letter and were given a questionnaire. The results of the first and the second year of screening, as well as of both years together were analysed. The response rate to the anamnestic questionnaire was 49.1%. The participation rates to the screening were 35.2% in 2007, and 46.5% in 2008, total of 42.7%. The increase in participation between years 2007 and 2008 was statistically significant (p = 0.01). According to the age, the lowest participation rate of 33.3% was observed in the youngest group of women (20-29) and the highest of 60.7% in the oldest group (60-64). The detection rate of cytological abnormalities was 4.6% with 2.6% of borderline (ASCUS) cytology and referral rate of 1.2%. The highest abnormal Pap test frequencies of 6.8% and 7.1% were observed in the youngest age groups (20-29 and 30-39), and the lowest (2%) in the age
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group of 60-64. Specimen adequacy was generally of high quality with unsatisfactory rate of 0.8%, with statistically significant improvement in 2008, compared to the previous year (p = 0.001). Although to a limited extension, during two-year pilot cervical cancer screening programme in PGC the participation rates and Pap smear adequacy have improved. We expect that the continuation of the programme will result in further increase of participation and higher overall quality of the programme.
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Lift generation by a two-dimensional symmetric flapping wing: immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann simulations Two-dimensional (2D) symmetric flapping flight is investigated by an immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method (IB-LBM). In this method, we can treat the moving boundary problem efficiently on the Cartesian grid. We consider a model consisting of 2D symmetric flapping wings without mass connected by a hinge with mass. Firstly, we investigate the effect of the Reynolds number in the range of 40–200 on flows around symmetric flapping wings under no gravity field and find that for high Reynolds numbers (Re ⩾ 55), asymmetric vortices with respect to the horizontal line appear and the time-averaged lift force is induced on the wings, whereas for low Reynolds numbers (Re ⩽ 50), only symmetric vortices appear around the wings and no lift force is induced. Secondly, the effect of the initial position of the wings is investigated, and the range of the initial phases where the upward flight is possible is found. The effects of the mass and flapping amplitude are also studied. Finally, we carry out free flight simulations under gravity field for various Reynolds numbers in the range 60 ⩽ Re ⩽ 300 and Froude numbers in the range 3 ⩽ Fr ⩽ 60 and identify the region where upward flight is possible.
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Prospective Comparison of 68Ga-FAPI versus 18F-FDG PET/CT for Tumor Staging in Biliary Tract Cancers. Background Gallium 68-labeled fibroblast-activation protein inhibitor (68Ga-FAPI), an imaging agent for detecting tumors, represents a promising alternative to fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG). Purpose To compare the potential efficacy of 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT with that of 18F-FDG PET/CT for detecting primary tumor and nodal and distant metastases in biliary tract cancer (BTC) and to explore the impact (tumor staging) of 68Ga-FAPI compared with 18F-FDG on clinical management of BTC. Materials and Methods This single-center prospective clinical study was performed at the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University between June 2020 and June 2021. Participants with BTC underwent both 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET/CT. Histopathologic examination, morphologic imaging, and/or follow-up imaging served as the reference standard. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the primary tumor and nodal and distant metastases between 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT were compared using the paired-sample t test. Results Eighteen participants with primary or recurrent BTC were evaluated (mean age, 61 years ± 10 [SD]). The sensitivity of 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT was higher than that of 18F-FDG PET/CT for detecting primary tumors (16 of 16 [100%] vs 13 of 16 [81%]), nodal metastases (41 of 42 [98%] vs 35 of 42 [83%]), and distant metastases (99 of 99 [100%] vs 78 of 99 [79%]). 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT resulted in new oncologic findings in 10 of 18 participants and upgraded tumor staging or restaging in five of 18 participants compared with 18F-FDG PET/CT. 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT demonstrated higher sensitivity than 18F-FDG PET/CT in inflammatory processes
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secondary to tumor-related obstruction (seven of eight [88%] vs one of eight [13%]). 68Ga-FAPI showed lower average SUVmax in inflammatory processes than in oncologic lesions (4.9 ± 2.6 vs 10.0 ± 4.6, respectively; P = .003). Conclusion Gallium 68-labeled fibroblast-activation protein inhibitor PET/CT for tumor staging showed potential for more accurate staging of biliary tract cancer, thereby improving treatment decision making. Clinical trial registration no. ChiCTR2100044131 © RSNA, 2022 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Choyke in this issue.
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Fault and intrusion tolerance in object-oriented systems Provides a brief overview of a unified technique, called fragmented data processing (FDP), for jointly improving the reliability and security with which distributed computing systems process sensitive information. This technique has already been used to implement various system services in the DELTA-4 distributed system. The paper discusses how FDP can take advantage of an object-oriented design and how it can be applied in object-oriented systems in order to provide fault and intrusion tolerance to ordinary application programs as well as system services.<<ETX>>
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Insight into the reaction mechanism and chemoselectivity in the cycloaddition of ynamides and isoxazoles with H2O The mechanism and chemoselectivity in the cycloaddition of ynamides and isoxazoles have been explored by the density functional theory (DFT) in model systems composed of a Bronsted acid (HNTf2), gold(I) [IPrAuNTf2] or platinum(II) (PtCl2/CO) catalyst, either with or without the presence of H2O. The DFT calculations reveal that all these catalysts entail similar nucleophilic attack of isoxazole on the catalyst-ligated ynamide forming a vinyl intermediate, which can isomerize to an α-imino intermediate upon cleavage of the isoxazole N–O bond. The completely distinct reaction pathways are observed after the formation of the α-imino intermediate. For the Bronsted acid catalyst, [5 + 2 + 1] cycloaddition with H2O is the favorable way to generate O-bridged tetrahydro-1,4-oxazepines. If the Bronsted acid is replaced by a gold(I) catalyst, a [3 + 2] cycloaddition product is produced, either in the absence or in the presence of H2O. Regarding the Pt(II) catalyst, 1,3-oxazepines are formed through [5 + 2] annulation. Furthermore, the [5 + 2] annulation product in this Pt(II)-catalyzed system can also be predicted upon addition of H2O. The unique properties of the three selected catalysts were explored in detail through distortion/interaction analysis. The obtained theoretical data account for an observed disparate product formation when using three catalytic systems and provide a theoretical foundation to choose the optimal catalyst for the title reaction. These results can be of particular significance for synthetic chemists toward the design of catalytic systems and cycloaddition transformations involving ynamides, isoxazoles
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and related derivatives.
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Lymphomas of the Mediastinum and Their Differential Diagnosis. Lymphoma is the most common malignancy involving the mediastinum but can be challenging to diagnose on small biopsy specimens. This review provides a pattern-based approach to help triage small tissue samples for the diagnosis of mediastinal lymphoid proliferations, with focus on the main primary mediastinal lymphomas. The use of ancillary studies is highlighted, along with considerations to avoid misdiagnosis and scenarios to request additional tissue.
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Uncovering the Effects of Digital Movie Format Availability on Physical Movie Sales The impact of the availability of technology-enabled digital goods on the sales of the physical counterpart faces uncertainty in the electronic commerce domain. We address the issue empirically by identifying the effect of the availability of digitally-delivered movies on physical DVD movie sales. Unique to our study is our interest in not only purchased digital goods, but rented digital goods as well. We construct a robust panel dataset consisting of movie data collected from Amazon and Barnes and Noble on the same day for every movie observed. A key feature of our dataset is the availability of digital purchase and digital rental movie formats at Amazon. Our results show that the availability of the digital purchase format does not have a significant effect on DVD sales. Surprisingly, the availability of the digital rental format is associated with a significant reduction in DVD sales. The results imply that a product substitution effect may be occurring between the digital rental and the physical DVD purchase of the same movie. We also conduct robustness tests to show under which conditions the effect is greatest. Our results also provide practical implications to inform strategies regarding movie format release windows.
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[Construction of Protein Phosphatase 2A Catalytic Subunit β (PPP2Cβ) Overexpression Lentiviral Vector and Its Effect on K562 Erythroid Differentiation]. OBJECTIVE To construct the ovexpression lentivirus vector of PPP2Cβ, the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A, so as to obtain high-titer packaged lentivirus particles, and to examine the effect of PPP2Cβ on the erythroid differentiation Methods: The CDS of PPP2Cβ was cloned into the second generation of lentivirus vector FUGW, which should be used to co-transfect HEK 293T cells with the lentiviral expression vector and packaging vectors including pMD2G and pSPAX2. Lentiviruses were harvested at 36 and 48 hours after transfection. Titers of viral stock were determined by using flow cytometric analysis. The Western blot was performed to detect the expression level of PPP2Cβ in K562 cells transinfected with the lentiviruses. Benzidine staining and real-time PCR analysis were used to assess the erythroid differentiation of K562 cells. RESULTS The PPP2Cβ overexpressing lentivirus vectors were constructed, the high-titer lentiviral particles were obtained, and then the PPP2Cβ overexpression K562 cell line was established and promote erythroid differentiation of K562 cells. CONCLUSION This study suggests that overexpression PPP2Cβ can promote K562 cell erythroid differentiation.
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Editorial: Ecosystem and Hydrological Responses in Mountain Environments to the Changing Climate Worldwide the resilience of mountain ecosystems to transient changes in climate and anthropogenic footprint has been reduced (Schirpke et al., 2017; Chettri et al., 2020). The reduced resilience has a direct impact on the sustenance of the biotic and abiotic resources that include snow, glaciers, permafrost, soils, forests, alpine meadows, alpine lakes and streams, and associated fauna. The prevailing warming scenario and increased anthropogenic interferences have not only led to the degradation of the pristine montane landscapes but increased the risk of the communities to various climate-induced disasters posing a threat to the life and infrastructure downstream. Landscape degradation primarily manifests through land system changes (Prăvălie, 2021), vegetation composition and distribution changes (Li et al., 2021), eutrophication of water bodies (Dar et al., 2021), and increased frequency of hazards associated with Earth surface processes (Smiraglia et al., 2016). The cumulative effects of the anthropogenic footprint and exacerbated warming in high-elevation environments have also resulted in enhanced glacier melt, glacier area loss, formation of new-moraine dammed lakes, and destabilization of permafrost that could affect upstream-downstream linkages and also increase the vulnerability of downstream communities to Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs), Landslide Lake Outburst Floods (LLOFs), snow avalanches, glacier detachments, landslides, debris flows and rock-ice avalanches (Kääb et al., 2021; Shugar et al., 2021; Zheng et al., 2021). In the context of climate change and an increased anthropogenic footprint on mountain landscapes and ecosystems, this special issue invited articles focusing on vegetation dynamics, land system changes,
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catchment-scale processes affecting aquatic ecosystems, mountain hydrology, and cryosphere-related hazards utilizing remote sensing techniques, field surveys, analytical laboratory experiments, and geospatial models to characterize the earthsurface processes, biodiversity changes, and associated ecosystem services better. In this research topic, we collated five scientific contributions that describe the state and processes affecting the high-mountain environments. This special issue comprises articles addressing issues like land degradation, glacier hydrology, glacial lake evolution, organic matter production, and hydrochemistry of aquatic ecosystems in the Himalayas, Pamirs, and Rockies. High diversity is observed among the authors of these five contributions: 32 authors from 24 research and academic institutes in six countries participated in this work (Figure 1). The contribution by Garg et al. emphasizes the differential retreat of a lake-terminating and a land-terminating glacier in the Zanskar mountain range of Trans-Himalayan Ladakh, India, utilizing Edited and reviewed by: Angela Helen Arthington, Griffith University, Australia
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Improving single-process performance with multithreaded processors Mukithreaded processors are an attractive alternative to superscalar processors. Their ability to handle multiple threads simultaneously is likely to result in higher instruction throughput andinbetter utilization of functional units, though they can still benefit from many (hardware and software) functionalities of superscalar processors and thus consist in an evolution rather than a radical transformation of current processors. However, to date, multithreaded processors have been mostly shown capable ofimproving theperformance ofmultiple-process workloads, i.e. threads with independent contexts, but in order to compete with superscalar processors, they must also prove their ability to improve single-process performance. In this article, it is proposed to improve single-process performance by simply pamllelizing a process over several threads sharing the same context, using automatic parallelization techniques already available for multiprocessors. The purpose of this article is toanalyze the impact of shared-context worfdoads on both processor architecture and processor performance. On afh-st hand, basedon previous research works and by reusing many components of superscalar processors, a multithreaded processor architectureis defined. Then, considering theissues raised by sharedcontext workloads on data cache architectures have mostly been ignored up to now, we attempt to determine how current cache architectures can evolve to cope with shared-context workloads. The impact ofshared workloads onthis architecture is analyzed in details, showing that, like multiprocessors, multithreaded processors exhibit performance bottlenecks of their own that limit single-process speedups.
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Critics question whether “friends and family” test in NHS is fit for prime minister’s purpose The BMA and the NHS Alliance have questioned the value of the latest idea from the prime minister for all general practitioners in England to undergo the “friends and family” test as a way to root out services that offer unacceptable standards of care. Last May the government announced that hospitals in England would be subject to the test from this April after a recommendation from the Nursing Quality Care Forum, which was set up last January after a number of high profile cases of poor care in the NHS.1 But on 4 January David Cameron said that the test, in which patients and staff are asked …
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Small-Group Affective Curriculum for Gifted Students: A Longitudinal Study of Teacher-Facilitators A longitudinal study of the implementation of a small-group affective curriculum involved Grades 5–8 in a school for gifted children. Teacher-facilitators' perceptions were of interest. Over time, significant positive change occurred for items related to the perceived need for an affective curriculum, impact on the school, and teachers' confidence and comfortableness in group work and discussing social and emotional development. Relatively high means were related to confidence, comfort, need, with affective and academic needs being equally important, and past experience with gifted students with nonacademic problems. Some of these means represent perspectives that may have helped facilitators maintain commitment, especially during the first year, when negative change in several areas occurred.
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Task Analysis at the Heart of Human-Computer Interaction introDUCtion The history of task analysis is nearly a century old, with its roots in the work of Gilbreth (1911) and Taylor (1912). Taylor's scientific management provided the theoretical basis for production-line manufacturing. The ancient manufacturing approach using craft skill involved an individual, or a small group, undertaking, from start to finish , many different operations so as to produce a single or small number of manufactured objects. Indeed, the craftsperson often made his or her own tools with which to make end products. Of course, with the growth of civilisation came spe-cialisation, so that the carpenter did not fell the trees or the potter actually dig the clay, but still each craft involved many different operations by each person. Scientific management's novelty was the degree of specialisation it engendered: each person doing the same small number of things repeatedly. Taylorism thus involved some large operation, subsequently called a task, that could be broken down into smaller operations, called subtasks. Task analysis came into being as the method that, according to Anderson, Carroll, Grudin, McGrew, and Scapin (1990), " refers to schemes for hierarchical decomposition of what people do. " The definition of a task remains a " classic and under-addressed problem " (Diaper, 1989b). Tasks have been differently defined with respect to their scope: from the very large and complex, such as document production (Wilson, Barnard, & MacLean, 1986), to the very small, for example, tasks that " may involve only one or two activities which take
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less than a second to complete, for example, moving a cursor " (Johnson & Johnson, 1987). Rather than trying to define what is a task by size, Diaper's (1989b) alternative is borrowed from conversation analysis (Levinson, 1983). Diaper suggests that tasks always have well-defined starts and finishes, and clearly related activities in between. The advantage of such a definition is that it allows tasks to be interrupted or to be carried out in parallel. Task analysis was always involved with the concept of work, and successful work is usually defined as achieving some goal. While initially applied to observable, physical work, as the field of ergonomics developed from World War II, the Task Analysis at the Heart of Human-Computer Interaction task concept was applied more widely to cover all types of work that " refocused attention on the information processing aspect of tasks and the role of the human operator as a …
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Bacterial respiration of arsenic and selenium. Oxyanions of arsenic and selenium can be used in microbial anaerobic respiration as terminal electron acceptors. The detection of arsenate and selenate respiring bacteria in numerous pristine and contaminated environments and their rapid appearance in enrichment culture suggest that they are widespread and metabolically active in nature. Although the bacterial species that have been isolated and characterized are still few in number, they are scattered throughout the bacterial domain and include Gram-positive bacteria, beta, gamma and epsilon Proteobacteria and the sole member of a deeply branching lineage of the bacteria, Chrysiogenes arsenatus. The oxidation of a number of organic substrates (i.e. acetate, lactate, pyruvate, glycerol, ethanol) or hydrogen can be coupled to the reduction of arsenate and selenate, but the actual donor used varies from species to species. Both periplasmic and membrane-associated arsenate and selenate reductases have been characterized. Although the number of subunits and molecular masses differs, they all contain molybdenum. The extent of the environmental impact on the transformation and mobilization of arsenic and selenium by microbial dissimilatory processes is only now being fully appreciated.
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Re: Macrophage role in the anti-prostate cancer response to one class of antiangiogenic agents. As reported in a recent article in the Journal, Joseph and Isaacs (1) tried to combine Linomide® with other antiangiogenic agents known to inhibit tumorassociated macrophages (TAMs) to evaluate their joint antitumor effects. Unfortunately, the combination of Linomide with other antiangiogenic agents did not result in potentiation of therapeutic efficacy. Instead, one of these agents, pentoxifylline, inhibited the an-
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Inorganic Chemistry 1. Laboratory Reports The publication is intended for undergraduate students taking courses of Chemical Technology and Engineering in English at the Faculty of Chemical Technology. The aim of the publication is to help students prepare for laboratory works in inorganic chemistry, carry out the work according to the outlined methodologies, and describe the obtained results.
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SARS-CoV-2 IgG Seroprevalence Detected by Chemiluminescence Immunoassay Among Healthcare Personnel and Patients in a Province With a Low Incidence Rate of COVID-19 During the First Wave of COVID-19 in Thailand Background There is limited evidence regarding seroprevalence during the first wave of COVID-19 in Thailand. The limited capacity of molecular laboratories in distant provinces may have resulted in fewer confirmed COVID-19 cases and possible undetected ongoing transmission, as suggested by a previously published seroprevalence study. Objectives This study aimed to assess the SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM seroprevalence among healthcare personnel and patients in Suddhavej Hospital and cross-reactivity of SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays with infectious and autoimmune diseases. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine seroprevalence among healthcare personnel and patients in Suddhavej Hospital, a secondary care hospital in Mahasarakham Province (population of 974,534 as of 2015). A chemiluminescence assay was used to test for IgG and/or IgM SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Results The study included 112 healthcare personnel and 78 patients with a median age of 29 years (interquartile range, 25–40 years); 35.8% were male. The study found an IgG seroprevalence of 3 of 190 (1.6%; 95% confidence interval, 0.3%–4.5%). The 3 IgG-positive cases recalled possible exposure risk to COVID-19 infection outside the province. One case had a persistent elevated IgG level after 10 months of follow-up. No cross-reactivity was found among patients with a variety of infectious or immunologic diseases. Conclusions Our study suggests that there is a low seroprevalence among high-risk exposure groups. This evidence supports that the preventive measures used during the first wave of
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COVID-19 were effective in preventing asymptomatic transmission in a remote province with a low COVID-19 incidence rate.
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Parallel Objects: Virtualization and in-Process Components We summarize the object-based virtualization model that we have been developing for the past decade, and demonstrate how it enables automatic optimizations, especially at runtime. The parallel programming paradigm represented by the virtualization model has been implemented in the Charm++ and AMPI libraries. In this paradigm, the programmer specifies their parallel application as a collection of interacting entities, without any reference to processors. The runtime system is free to map these entities to processors, and migrate them at runtime as needed. This separation of concerns enables several runtime optimizations, involving messagedriven execution, automatic load balancing and communication patterns. A recently developed component model is also shown to create new opportunities for runtime optimizations.
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The Conscientious Responders Scale Helps Researchers Verify the Integrity of Personality Questionnaire Data The Conscientious Responders Scale is a five-item embeddable validity scale that differentiates between conscientious and indiscriminate responding in personality-questionnaire data (CR & IR). This investigation presents further evidence of its validity and generalizability across two experiments. Study 1 tests its sensitivity to questionnaire length, a known cause of IR, and tries to provoke IR by manipulating psychological reactance. As expected, short questionnaires produced higher Conscientious Responders Scale scores than long questionnaires, and Conscientious Responders Scale scores were unaffected by reactance manipulations. Study 2 tests concerns that the Conscientious Responders Scale’s unusual item content could potentially irritate and baffle responders, ironically increasing rates of IR. We administered two nearly identical questionnaires: one with an embedded Conscientious Responders Scale and one without the Conscientious Responders Scale. Psychometric comparisons revealed no differences across questionnaires’ means, variances, interitem response consistencies, and Cronbach’s alphas. In sum, the Conscientious Responders Scale is highly sensitive to questionnaire length—a known correlate of IR—and can be embedded harmlessly in questionnaires without provoking IR or changing the psychometrics of other measures.
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Benzothiazole and Pyrrolone Flavivirus Inhibitors Targeting the Viral Helicase. The flavivirus nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) is a protease and helicase, and on the basis of its similarity to its homologue encoded by the hepatitis C virus (HCV), the flavivirus NS3 might be a promising drug target. Few flavivirus helicase inhibitors have been reported, in part, because few specific inhibitors have been identified when nucleic acid unwinding assays have been used to screen for helicase inhibitors. To explore the possibility that compounds inhibiting NS3-catalyzed ATP hydrolysis might function as antivirals even if they do not inhibit RNA unwinding in vitro, we designed a robust dengue virus (DENV) NS3 ATPase assay suitable for high-throughput screening. Members of two classes of inhibitory compounds were further tested in DENV helicase-catalyzed RNA unwinding assays, assays monitoring HCV helicase action, subgenomic DENV replicon assays, and cell viability assays and for their ability to inhibit West Nile virus (Kunjin subtype) replication in cells. The first class contained analogues of NIH molecular probe ML283, a benzothiazole oligomer derived from the dye primuline, and they also inhibited HCV helicase and DENV NS3-catalyzed RNA unwinding. The most intriguing ML283 analogue inhibited DENV NS3 with an IC50 value of 500 nM and was active against the DENV replicon. The second class contained specific DENV ATPase inhibitors that did not inhibit DENV RNA unwinding or reactions catalyzed by HCV helicase. Members of this class contained a 4-hydroxy-3-(5-methylfuran-2-carbonyl)-2H-pyrrol-5-one scaffold, and about 20 μM of the most potent pyrrolone inhibited both DENV replicons and West Nile virus replication in cells
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by 50%.
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Genetic testing for cerebral cavernous malformations Abstract Cavernous cerebral malformations (CCM) are vascular malformations of the brain and spinal cord. CCM affect up to 0.5% of the general population, predisposing to headaches, seizures, cerebral hemorrhage and focal neurological deficit. CCM may be familial or sporadic. Familial forms have autosomal dominant inheritance. This Utility Gene Test was prepared on the basis of an analysis of the literature and existing diagnostic protocols. It is useful for confirming diagnosis, as well as for differential diagnosis, couple risk assessment and access to clinical trials.
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Structure and Kinematics of CO J = 2-1 Emission in the Central Region of NGC 4258 We present 12CO J = 2-1 observations toward the central region of the type 2 Seyfert galaxy NGC 4258 with the Submillimeter Array (SMA). Our interferometric maps show two armlike elongated components along the major axis of the galaxy, with no strong nuclear concentration. The CO(2-1) morphology and kinematics are similar to previous CO(1-0) results. The velocity field of the components agrees with the general galactic rotation, except for the east elongated component, which shows a significant velocity gradient along the east-west direction. In order to account for the velocity field, we propose a kinematical model in which the warped rotating disk is also expanding. The line ratio of CO(2-1)/CO(1-0) reveals that the eastern component with the anomalous velocity gradient appears to be warmer and denser. This is consistent with the gas in this component being closer to the center, being heated by the central activities, and possibly interacting with expanding motions from the nuclear region.
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Title Page / Table of Contents s HORMONE RESEARCH IN PÆDIATRICS Basel • Freiburg • Paris • London • New York • New Delhi • Bangkok • Beijing • Tokyo • Kuala Lumpur • Singapore • Sydney HRP_2011_076_S02_tivo.indd I 01.07.2011 11:02:11 This publication was sponsored by Eli Lilly and Company Ferring Pharmaceuticals Ipsen Merck Serono S.A. Novo Nordisk A/S Pfizer Endocrine Care Sandoz International GmbH S. Karger Medical and Scientifi c Publishers Basel • Freiburg • Paris • London New York • Bangalore • Bangkok Shanghai • Singapore • Tokyo • Sydney Disclaimer Th e statements, options and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). Th e appearance of advertisements in the journal is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their eff ectiveness, quality or safety. Th e publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Drug Dosage Th e authors and the publisher have exerted every eff ort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant fl ow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change
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in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. Th is is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher or, in the case of photocopying, direct payment of a specifi ed fee to the Copyright Clearance Center (see ‘General Information’). © Copyright 2011 by S. Karger AG, P.O. Box, CH–4009 Basel (Switzerland) ISBN 978–3–8055–9835–4 e–ISBN 978–3–8055–9836–1 Electronic production of the abstract book by pharma service – a business unit of documediaS GmbH Günther-Wagner-Allee 13, D–30177 Hannover (Germany) www.pharmaservice.de Printed by Lindendruck Verlagsgesellschaft mbH Fössestrasse 97A, D–30453 Hannover (Germany) www.lindendruck.de Fax +41 61 306 12 34 E-Mail karger@karger.ch www.karger.com HRP_2011_076_S02_tivo.indd II 01.07.2011 11:02:29 Page Abstract No. Date Plenary Lectures 1 PL1 Strengths and Limitations of Evidence-based Medicine 1-2 Sunday, September 25 1 PL2 Frontiers in Diabetes 3-4 Monday, September 26 PL3 ESPE Award Session & Activities 1 no abstracts Monday, September 26 2 PL4 ESPE Award Session & Activities 2 5-6 Tuesday, September 27 2 PL5 New Paradigms in Molecular Medicine 7 Tuesday, September 27 2 PL6 Food for Thought before Going Home 8-9 Wednesday, September 28 Symposia 4 S1 Evidence-based Medicine in Growth Assessment In memory of Professor James Tanner 10-12 Sunday, September 25 4 S2 Early Life Origins of Health and Disease
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13-15 Sunday, September 25 5 S3 New Insights in Phosphate Metabolism 16-18 Sunday, September 25 5 S4 Principles of Evidence-based Medicine 19-21 Monday, September 26 6 S5 Long Term Safety of Drugs 22-24 Monday, September 26 7 S6 Unexpected Ef fects of Hormones on the Brain 25-27 Monday, September 26 7 S7 Evidence-based Medicine in Childhood and Adolescent Diabetes ISPAD/ESPE 28-30 Tuesday, September 27 8 S8 The Cortisol-Cortisone Shuttle in Health and Disease 31-33 Tuesday, September 27 8 S9 Impact of Chronic Conditions on Growth 34-36 Tuesday, September 27 9 S10 Evidence-based Medicine in Thyroid Diseases 37-39 Wednesday, September 28 9 S11 New Insights in the Pathogenesis of PCOS APPES/ESPE 40-42 Wednesday, September 28 10 S12 Update on Growth Hormone Long Term Safety 43-46 Wednesday, September 28 New Perspectives 12 NP1 New Perspectives in Brain Imaging 47-48 Monday, September 26 12 NP2 New Perspectives in Molecular Analysis 49-50 Tuesday, September 27 ESPE Working Groups 13 WG1 ESPE Bone and Growth Plate Working Group 51-58 Sunday, September 25 15 WG2 ESPE Disorder of Sex Development Working Group 59-66 Sunday, September 25 17 WG3 ESPE Obesity Working Group: Long and Short-term Consequences of Childhood Obesity 67-69 Sunday, September 25 17 WG4 ESPE Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology Working Group: Amenorrhea in Adolescence 70-75 Sunday, September 25 19 WG5 ESPE Turner Syndrome Working Group: Ovarian Failure in Turner Syndrome 76-80 Sunday, September 25 Free Communications 20 FC1 Adipose Tissue and Obesity 81-86 Monday, September 26 22 FC2 Adrenal 87-92 Monday, September 26 23 FC3 Pituitary 93-98 Monday, September 26 26
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FC4 Bone and Mineral Metabolism 99-104 Tuesday, September 27 28 FC5 Growth Hormone 105-110 Tuesday, September 27 30 FC6 Sexual Development 111-116 Tuesday, September 27 32 FC7 Cell Growth and Endocrine Oncology 117-122 Tuesday, September 27 34 FC8 Diabetes and the Beta Cell 123-128 Tuesday, September 27 36 FC9 Reproductive System 129-134 Tuesday, September 27 38 FC10 The X Chromosome 135-140 Tuesday, September 27 40 FC11 Diabetes Complications 141-146 Wednesday, September 28 42 FC12 Growth/Acid Labile Subunit 147-152 Wednesday, September 28 44 FC13 Puberty 153-158 Wednesday, September 28 46 FC14 Thyroid 159-164 Wednesday, September 28 Poster Presentations 49 P1-d1 Adrenal and HPA Axis 1 165-176 Sunday, September 25 53 P1-d2 Adrenal and HPA Axis 2 177-186 Monday, September 26 56 P1-d3 Autoimmune Endocrine Disease/Endocrine Oncology 1 187-192 Tuesday, September 27 58 P1-d1 Bone, Growth Plate and Mineral Metabolism 1 193-201 Sunday, September 25 61 P1-d3 Bone, Growth Plate and Mineral Metabolism 2 202-210 Tuesday, September 27
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Puddin' by Julie Murphy (review) to spirit him away, Alice-like, to a whimsical tea party with other forest creatures. As the sun rises, the boy rides his bike home, where he has a story to tell and feels a little less alone. Miyares’ minimal, hand-lettered text lets his luminous gouache and colored pencil illustrations take center stage for the storytelling, as his unnamed protagonist travels across the vast, dreamlike landscape. His bleak expression and physical distance from his peers in the opening pages will resonate with any viewer who’s ever felt out of place or alone, and kids will relish the warmth of his welcome by the forest animals and the other boys at the end of the book as he tells his story. This will encourage younger audiences to allow their imagination to fill in the blanks, while it offers opportunities to engage older viewers in exploring themes of loneliness, isolation, imagination, and friendship. SS
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Vision-based motion control of a flexible robot for surgical applications In recent years, continuum robots have gained significant momentum in terms of technological maturity and clinical application. Their flexibility allows complex treatment sites to be reached with minimal trauma to the patient. However the reliable control of continuum robots is still an ongoing research issue in the robotics community because their deformable structure makes the modeling of these devices difficult. This motivates the use of external sensors or vision to achieve accurate control. In this paper, a motion control framework based on a vision sensor is proposed in order to perform accurate and controlled movements of a flexible robot that is mounted to an anthropomorphic robotic arm. The vision sensor, which relies on a single camera, provides accurate 3D shape reconstruction and spatial localisation of the flexible robot. This information is used to provide feedback for the real-time control of the flexible robot. The vision sensor detects the robot first in an image stream by modeling its appearance using compressed visual features in an online learning framework. This is combined with the kinematics information from the anthropomorphic robotic arm in order to accurately reconstruct and localise the 3D shape of the flexible robot by minimizing an energy function. Detailed analysis of the framework and a validation are presented in order to demonstrate the practical value of the proposed method.
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The state and trends in the development of wages in the distribution system The article addresses the state and trends in the development of wages in trade and the distribution system in particular. The importance of the research is emphasized by the fact that the most significant transformations in the conditions of market development take place in the social and labor domains. The main purpose of the article is to study the state and trends of wages and trade in the context of ensuring the competitiveness of commercial enterprises. Systematization of literature sources and approaches to solving the problem of studying the state and trends of wages in trade leads to the conclusion that Ukrainian and foreign scientists have studied the issue of wages, but in modern conditions, there is a need for critical analysis of wages and trends in trade and system distribution in particular. The study of this issue was carried out in the following logical sequence: determining the results, the main tasks, areas of research on the state of wages and their structure, and determining trends in wages in trade. The following methodological tools were used in the study: the system of economic laws, concepts and categories, the fundamental provisions of modern economic theory and applied economics, and statistics. An abstract-logical complex approach and methods of statistical analysis form the general methodological basis of the research. The indicators of wages, payroll, and wages structure as the basis for further improvement are the object of the study. The article examines the indicators of wages,
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their structure, as well as indicators of wages in trade according to legal and organizational forms. The peculiarities of the dynamics of wholesale and retail trade and the number of trade workers are studied. Changes in the structure of the wage fund in 5 years (2015 and 2019) are outlined. The analysis of the identified indicators summarizes the trends in wages in trade, which is the basis for further research.
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Poisons Implicated In Homicidal, Suicidal And Accidental Cases In North-West Pakistan. BACKGROUND Pakistan has one of the highest prevalence of poisoning in the world. However, limited data exist on the frequency of poisons implicated in homicidal, suicidal, and accidental cases in North-West Pakistan (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa). METHODS This retrospective study of 353 cases and biological specimens of poisoning received at the department of Forensic medicine and toxicology, Khyber Medical College Peshawar from 13 districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Frequency of poisoning was assessed by testing each specimen for 17 different poisons. RESULTS Of all the specimens, 250 (70.8%) specimens tested positive and the rest didn't show any indication of poisoning (n=103, 29.2%). The most frequent poisons detected were benzodiazepines (total n=75), organophosphates (total n=58), phencyclidine (total n=30) and morphine (total n=23). Gender had a significant association with benzodiazepines (p=0.011), tricyclic antidepressants (p=0.001), and organophosphates (p<0.001). Organophosphates were the most common cause of poisoning in females while benzodiazepines were the most common cause of poisoning in males. CONCLUSIONS Poisoning by benzodiazepines, organophosphates and phencyclidine are the most common causes of intoxication in population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Source of poisoning varies with gender for organophosphates, benzodiazepines and tricyclic antidepressants.
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Construction of the Qur’anic Values as the Basis for Islamic Education Development: A Study of Abdullah Saeed’s Thought The present study aims to elucidate the construction of the values of the Qur’an ​​as the basis for the Islamic education development based on Abdullah Saeed’s thought. The concept of a hierarchy of values initiated by Abdullah Saeed is a continuation of Rahman’s general principles, proposing a new way of looking at the ethico-legal verses in the Qur’an, so that this concept is very pivotal in contemporary Qur’anic studies. Framed in a library research with a content analysis, this study constructed a basic framework from the values ​​of the Qur’an. Abdullah Saeed’s book entitled “Interpreting the Qur’an: Towards a Contemporary Approach†became the primary source in obtaining the data. Study findings reveal that the construction of the Qur’anic values comprises obligatory, fundamental, protective, implementation, and instructional values. The construction ​​can be adopted as the basis for Islamic education development regarding the institution, courses, values ​​and culture. This study also demonstrates that Qur’anic values-based Islamic education is completely projected to produce qualified and competitive human resources in the globalized age.
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Image compression using a new adaptive standard deviation thresholding estimation at the wavelet details subbands The process before quantization stage in compression process is a very crucial stage espeacially in application that require a high compression ratios. So, in this paper, we propose a new method of image compression that is based on reducing the wavelet coefficients in wavelet details subbands. It is based on the concept of local subband wavelet coefficients minimization to find the optimum threshold value for wavelet coefficients in each detail subbands. The proposed method decomposed the image into LL (low resolution approximate image), HL (intensity variation along column, horizontal edge), LH (intensity variation along row, vertical edge) and HH (intensity variation along diagonal). The coefficients in details subband retrived from the decomposition process is then manipulated in such a way that the nearly zero coefficient is discarded while the rest is remained. This process will reduce the unsignificant wavelet coefficient that leads to a great compression ratio while preserving the informative data to produce a good image quality as can be seen in the experiment done.
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Designing A Remote Monitoring and Operating System for Base Transceiver Station Gensets Abstrack. Electricity plays a critical role in telecommunication business. Information transmission service infrastructure such as base transceiver stations (BTSes), base station controllers, and mobile switching centers must not lose electricity supply. Therefore, telecommunication enterprises have gensets as backup power supplies. However, these gensets are usually located at a point remote from the BTS, making it difficult for operators to monitor and operate them. This study designs an Arduino and Ethernet Shield remote monitoring and operating system for BTS gensets by utilizing a TCP/IP technology as communication protocols. Gensets are monitored using the likes of voltage sensor, current sensor and fuel sensor.
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Short Channel Effects in MOS-Transistors Metal gate MOS-transistors with channel lengths down to approximately 0.5 μm and with gate oxide thicknesses of 19 nm and 34 nm have been fabricated and evaluated. For devices shorter than 1 μm we have found significant short channel effects on threshold voltage, transconductance and subthreshold current. The experimental results have been compared with computer model calculations. A good agreement between measured and calculated values was found regarding the geometry dependence.
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Classification of structures of IIR digital filters In this paper, number-theoretic and algebraic aspects of a choice of the block diagram of the IIR digital filter are considered. It is supposed that generation of structures of digital filters is carried out. The structure of the filter is described by a topological matrix of transfer coefficients between block diagram nodes. It is considered that zeros and poles of the filter with coefficients with a finite word length are elements of a set of algebraic numbers. Structures are classified by degree of algebraic numbers. The interrelation between degree of algebraic numbers and thin structure of a topological matrix is shown.
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Clinical variability of osteogenesis imperfecta reflecting molecular heterogeneity: cysteine substitutions in the alpha 1(I) collagen chain producing lethal and mild forms. We have examined the collagenous proteins extracted from skin and produced by skin fibroblast cultures from the members of a family with mild dominant osteogenesis imperfecta (OI type I). The two affected patients, mother and son, produce two populations of alpha 1(I) chains of type I collagen, one chain being normal, the other containing a cysteine within the triple-helical domain. Both forms can be incorporated into triple-helical molecules with an alpha 2(I) chain. When two mutant alpha (I) chains are incorporated into the same molecule, a disulfide bonded dimer is produced. We have characterized these chains by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis and CNBr-peptide mapping and by measuring a number of biosynthetic and physical variables. The cysteine was localized to the COOH-terminal peptide alpha (I) CB6. Molecules containing the mutant chains are stable, have a normal denaturation temperature, are secreted normally, and have normal levels of post-translational modification of lysyl residues and intracellular degradation. We have compared and contrasted these observations with those made in a patient with lethal osteogenesis imperfecta in which there was a cysteine substitution in alpha 1(I) CB6 (Steinmann, B., Rao, V. H., Vogel, A., Bruckner, P., Gitzelmann, R., and Byers, P. H. (1984) J. Biol. Chem 259, 11129-11138) and have concluded that the mutation in the present family occurs in the X or Y position of a Gly-X-Y repeating unit of collagen and not in the glycine position shown for the
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previous patient (Cohn, D. H., Byers, P. H., Steinmann, B, and Gelinas, R. E. (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., in press.
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The Metaphorical Perceptions of Teacher Candidates on the Concept of “Web 2.0 Technology” A metaphor is the expression of a concept or a phenomenon by a person by using analogy in the sense that s/he perceives. This study was conducted for the purpose of finding the mental images (i.e. the metaphors) which social studies teacher candidates have on Web 2.0 technology. The study group consisted of 77 social science teacher candidates. The raw data, which were obtained from each of the participants by completing the “ Web2.0 technology is like ..., because ... ” statement, were analyzed by employing both quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques. The participants of the study produced 72 valid metaphors for Web 2.0 Technology. These metaphors were then examined in terms of their common features and were collected under 43 metaphors and 10 conceptual categories. According to the results of the present study, the social science teacher candidates explained Web 2.0 technology as a toolbox that contains everything in it, reflective, has the characteristic of changing, entertaining, octopus, interesting, a robot which can perform every task, canvas and informative. As a result of the present study, the metaphors that were produced by the social studies teacher candidates might be used in the process of explaining Web 2.0 concept.
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Color tunable Ca8ZnM(PO4)7 (M = Lu/Tb, Lu/Eu, Tb/Eu) phosphors: luminescence, energy transfer and thermal stability studies for n-UV white LEDs. A series of Tb3+- and Eu3+-doped Ca8ZnLu(PO4)7 (CZLP:Tb3+ and CZLP:Eu3+) as well as Ca8ZnTb(PO4)7:Eu3+ (CZTP:Eu3+) phosphors have been prepared via the traditional high-temperature solid-state reaction. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns of the as-prepared phosphors indicate that the introduction of Tb3+ or Eu3+ affects neither the phase impurity nor the crystal structure of the CZLP host lattice. The concentration dependent photoluminescence (PL) spectra reveal that even if Lu3+ was fully substituted by the dopants, Tb3+ or Eu3+, the phenomenon of concentration quenching would not occur. Color tunable emissions from green to red can be realized by adjusting the type of doping ion (Tb3+ and Eu3+) and their relative concentration. Furthermore, the energy transfer from Tb3+ to Eu3+ was confirmed and the mechanism was determined to be the dipole-quadrupole interaction. In addition, the quantum efficiencies were found to be 0.61, 0.58 and 0.85 for CZTP, CZTP:0.2Eu3+ and CaZnEu(PO4)7 (CZEP), respectively. As a result, a white light emitting diode (WLED) device was fabricated using the optimal CZTP:0.2Eu3+ yellow phosphor, the BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ (BAM:Eu2+) blue phosphor and a 370 nm near-ultraviolet (n-UV) chip. The obtained device displays a suitable color rendering index (CRI, ∼81.3) and correlated color temperature (CCT, ∼2634 K) value, indicating its potential application in n-UV LEDs.
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FPGA Realization of MRC with Optimized Exponent for Adaptive Array Antennas In this work, a fast FPGA implementation of an optimized receiver diversity combining technique, termed Generalized Maximal Ratio Combining (GMRC), is implemented for signal transmission over wireless Single-Input-Multiple-Output (SIMO) fading channels. One prior published FPGA implementation applied brute-force technique that led to the use of several square root blocks, which are slow and resource-hungry. A subsequent study improved the implementation by transforming all the operations into addition and multiplication only, which are efficient in current FPGA technology due to the availability of such operations at the hardware level. In this study, the proposed hardware implementation was more efficient and outperformed previous techniques both in terms of speed and area. In addition, a higher clock frequency of around 180 MHz was achieved. This high speed was possible due to sub-dividing the complex operations into smaller computation stages and pipelining all the stages. A prominent feature of the implementation is the use of a pipeline architecture to decrease the chip area requirements and to increase the throughput of the diversity combiner. Using the FPGA implementation on the SIMO channel, the design can be extended to the hardware of spatially modulated massive-MIMO in 5th generation networks.
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Resale Price Maintenance for Beginners: Beware of the Pitfalls The Supreme Court's 2007 Leegin decision provided that minimum resale price maintenance (RPM) agreements are to be evaluated under the rule of reason. However, the Court's rule of reason analytical approach does not provide clear guidance for practitioners to advise clients considering the adoption of such programs. The decision has faced resistance from its inception, including proposed legislation in Congress, which would reinstate the per se rule, and opposition from a number of states, whose laws, case precedent, or interpretation could support future application of the per se approach. This article points out the obstacles confronting suppliers looking to adopt RPM programs. The lower courts and enforcement agencies have thus far failed to devise clear guidance for practitioners regarding the application of Leegin's rule of reason analysis to the implementation of RPM programs. The article examines the obstacles and recommends alternatives to consider in advising clients who are entertaining the adoption of RPM policies.
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The MOAHLFA index of irritant sodium lauryl sulfate reactions: first results of a multicentre study on routine sodium lauryl sulfate patch testing In a multicentre study of the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) 0.25% and 0.5% aq. has been added to routine allergen patch tests to assess its properties as a convenient diagnostic indicator of individual susceptibility to irritation at the time of patch testing. Previous studies indicated that irritant SLS reactivity may be related to individual factors such as age and sex. As these factors are, in turn, among the important predictors of contact allergy to many allergens, e.g. summarized in the ‘MOAHLFA index’, the impact of the MOAHLFA factors on irritant SLS patch test reactivity, and thus a potential for confounding, was assessed in the 5971 participating patients. As a result of 2 logistic regression analyses with an irritant reaction to 0.25% and 0.5% SLS, respectively, as outcome, male sex was identified as a relatively weak but significant risk factor (OR 1.38), while age 40 years or older was an even weaker risk factor (OR 1.22 and 1.15, respectively). Upon detailed analysis, no clear age gradient could, however, be identified. 1‐day exposure time almost halved the odds of an irritant SLS reaction. In conclusion, this type of SLS patch test can be regarded as robust, indicating individual irritability relatively independent from the individual factors analysed here.
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CALL-K score: predicting the need for renal replacement therapy in cardiogenic shock. AIMS The clinical predictors and outcomes of patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) have not been studied previously. This study assesses the impact of RRT on mortality in patients with CS and aims to identify clinical factors that contribute to the need of RRT. METHODS AND RESULTS Consecutive patients presenting with CS were included from a prospective registry of cardiac intensive care unit admissions at a single institution between 2014 and 2020. Of the 1030 patients admitted with CS, 123 (11.9%) received RRT. RRT was associated with higher 1-year mortality [adjusted hazard ratio = 1.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-2.14], and a higher in-hospital incidence of sepsis [risk ratio = 2.76, P < 0.001], and pneumonia (risk ratio = 2.9, P = 0.001). Those who received RRT were less likely to receive guideline-directed medical treatment at time of discharge, undergo heart transplantation (2.4% vs. 11.5%, P = 0.002) or receive a durable left ventricular assist device (0.0% vs. 11.6%, P < 0.001). Five variables at admission best predicted the need for RRT (age, lactate, haemoglobin, use of pre-admission loop diuretics, and admission estimated glomerular filtration rate) and were used to generate the CALL-K 9-point risk score, with better discrimination than creatinine alone (P = 0.008). The score was internally validated (area under the curve = 0.815, 95% CI 0.739-0.835) with good calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow P = 0.827). CONCLUSIONS RRT is associated with worse outcomes, including a lower likelihood to receive advanced
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heart failure therapies in patients with CS. A risk score comprising five variables routinely collected at admission can accurately estimate the risk of needing RRT.
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Improving communication for distributed model checking We examine the distributed breadth-first enumeration of a state space that is partitioned using a static partition function. Two of the key drawbacks of this approach are the high communication overhead and the excessive growth of the queues that hold states received from other nodes, ultimately resulting in memory exhaustion that causes premature termination of the distributed enumeration algorithm. This paper investigates a number of strategies to reduce communication times and queue lengths. Some aspects of the strategies are novel, including a local search technique, while others are standard techniques for reducing memory usage and time for both serial and parallel state enumeration algorithms. The queue reduction strategies effectively reduce the queue lengths and save memory, while the standard techniques outperform the other strategies in their effectiveness to reduce communication overhead.
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Chapter 9: Boundary-Value Problems In previous sections we have been been concerned with time dependent initial value problems where we start with some assumed initial condition, calculate how this solution will change in time and then simply march through time updating as we go. We have considered both explicit and implicit schemes, but the basic point is that given a starting place it's relatively straightforward to get to the next step. The principal difficulty with time dependent schemes is stability and accuracy (they're not the same thing), i.e. how to march through time without blowing up and arriving at a future time with most of your intended physics intact. Boundary value problems, are a somewhat different animal. In a boundary value problem we are trying to satisfy a steady state solution everywhere in space that agrees with our prescribed boundary conditions. For a flux conservative problem , the problem becomes finding the set of fluxes at all the nodes such that for every node, what comes in goes out. In general, boundary value problems will reduce, when discretized, to a large and sparse set of linear (and sometimes non-linear) equations. While stability is no longer a problem, efficiency in solving these equations becomes tantamount. The following sections will first develop some physical intuition into the types and sources of boundary value problems, then show how to discretize them and finally present a potpourri of solution techniques. Many Boundary value problems arise from steady state solutions of transient problems (or from implicit schemes in transient problems). For
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example if we were considering the general transient heat flow problem for diffusion plus a source 139
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Positive solutions for nonlinear Hadamard fractional differential equations with integral boundary conditions In this paper, we prove the existence and uniqueness of a positive solution of nonlinear Hadamard fractional differential equations with integral boundary conditions. In the process we employ the Schauder and Banach fixed point theorems and the method of upper and lower solutions to show the existence and uniqueness of a positive solution. Finally, an example is given to illustrate our results.
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Indentation, documentation and programmer comprehension Recent investigations into the psychological factors underlying computer programming have focused on the effects of internal documentation and statement indentation on programmer performance [1, 5, 7]. Using memory recall approaches several studies have concentrated on the relationship between logic segments of a program's algorithm and the memory organization of the programmer. Since memory organization appears to be a functional psychological process, it seems reasonable to assume that indentation and documentation function as aids to comprehension rather than as organizers for memory [4]. The purpose of this study was to examine experimentally the relationship between documentation, indentation and the comprehension of computer programs.
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Preliminary analysis of the high resolution ECG for assessment of arrhythmia risk in chagasic myocarditis Mal de Chagas, a tropical infection, is a major public health problem in Latin America. The infection can lend to heart disease-chagasic myocarditis-ultimately resulting in arrhythmic death. The high resolution electrocardiogram may offer a means of monitoring the evolution of chagasic myocarditis. The authors attempt to identify, 2 distinct stages in this evolution. (1) Initial cardiac involvement in chagasic subjects, and (2) susceptibility to ventricular tachycardia, a life-threatening arrhythmia. Preliminary results suggest that the high resolution electrocardiogram may contain information that is potentially useful for managing chagasic patients.<<ETX>>
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Keeping Media Literacy Critical during the Post-Truth Crisis over Fake News As citizens demand more media literacy education in schools, the criticality of media literacy must be advanced in meaningful and comprehensive ways that enable students to successfully access, analyze, evaluate and produce media ethically and effectively across diverse platforms and channels. Institutional analysis in the digital age means understanding who controls the architecture(s) of digital technology, and how they use it. Big data, high tech, and rich transnational global media all need to be carefully studied and held accountable. “Panopticonic” practices such as surveillance, geolocation, data mining, and niche microtargeting need to be studied as information brokers reap huge profits by amalgamating and selling off the data that internet and social media users unwittingly but willingly provide to companies. In light of the growing evidence that online-only networks create filter bubbles and polarization, people will need to interact and mobilize in offline real world spaces. Critical media literacy education must explore how human interactivity is undergoing tectonic shifts as powerful ideological and economic interests work to alter our digital media ecology. Such an approach will allow us to better leverage our public interest goals through a media landscape that preserves the multidirectional, participatory, global, networkable aspects of the digital world.
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St John Rivers Himself The essay starts from a “gross grammatical mistake” in the last chapter of Jane Eyre : a reflexive pronoun used as grammatical subject, without any antecedent. The aim of the essay is to show that this is not a grammatical blemish but a stylistic asset. It does so by revisiting the history of reflexive pronouns, by analysing the occurrence in the terms of the philosophy of language of the Soviet linguist Valentin Volochinov, by having recourse to Raymond Williams’s concept of “structures of feeling” (this involves a comparison with the use of reflexive pronouns in Jane Austen’s Mansfield Park ) and to Etienne Balibar’s essay of personal identity.
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Preparation of Acetate Starch by Dry Process Assisted and Microwave Radiation Applied cassava starch as raw material, acetic anhydride as the acetylize reagent the acetate starch was prepared by the dry conditions assisted by microwave. The effect of reaction factors such as esterification agent dosage, reaction temperature, reaction time, and system pH value on degree of substitution(DS) and reaction efficiency(RE) were investigated. The optimum conditions confirmed by orthogonal: the acetic anhydride amount 7%, reaction temperature 70℃, reaction time 700 s and system p H value was 8. Under these conditions, the degree of substitution was 0.0951 and the reaction efficiency was 79.14%.
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Letter: Anaemia in beta-thalassaemic carriers. While these may not all have been statistically watertight studies, they did show a reduced rather than an increased incidence of thromboebolic disease. Hougie2 in an excellent review article quotes the Puerto Rican study3 designed especially to determine the effects of oral contraceptive agents on the incidence of thromboembolic disease in which 9,898 patients were randomly allocated to the contraceptive pill or to other contraceptive methods and followed up. This very large prospective study also failed to show an increased risk of thrombophlebitis among pill users. It may be argued that these surveys are dealing with different population groups, but it is by no means proved that "clotting [is] provoked by oral contraceptives."I am, etc., MICHAEL KLABER St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London E.C.1
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SOLVING FULLY FUZZY LINEAR SYSTEMS BASED ON DECOMPOSITION METHODS W e intend to solve the fully fuzzy linear system of the form and where , and are n x n fuzzy matrices consisting of positive fuzzy numbers , the unknown vector is a vector consisting of n positive fuzzy numbers and the constant are vectors consisting of n positive fuzzy numbers, using decomposition methods.
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Smooth estimation of rating transitions by nearest neighbors Many types of duration data suffer both from left-truncation and rightcensoring. We show how these deficiencies can be overcome at the same time when estimating the hazard rate nonparametrically by kernel smoothing with the nearest neighbor method. We infer the uniform consistency of the estimate from the Hoeffding inequality, applied to a generalized empirical distribution function. Finally, we apply our estimator to rating transitions of corporate loans in Germany. ∗
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Baths and bathing in eighteenth‑century Transylvania The Hungarian term bath [fürdő] has several meanings, from personal cleanliness to thermal and mineral water cures. Although bath, bathing and the presence of healing and regenerating waters is rarely encountered in eighteenth-century Hungarian ego-documents in Transylvania, we have a few descriptions regarding personal hygiene rituals and several notes on bath used for medical reasons and recreational purposes. These later data suggest that thermal cures were very fashionable in Transylvania, and bathing was not only part of the medical culture but also had a strong social dimension. Thus, in the following we would like to address the issue of personal cleanliness, hydrotherapy and the social dimension of spring-thermal cures.
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Memories of Work and the Definition of Community: The Making of Italian Americans in the Mahoning Valley Henry Glassie, noted American folklorist, describes history as “stories we tell about the past in the present to define our future.”1 Nowhere is that notion of telling a story more poignant or more important than in the recovery and retention of the history of work. Work and workplaces, and the communities that workers construct are fundamentals of the human experience. The work that people do and the associations that they create around their workplaces shape not only workers’ lives but the lives of their immediate and extended families. The memories and stories that they recall are also interwoven into the lives of their succeeding generations. This impact is particularly evident in the development of two Italian American enclaves in northeastern Ohio at the end of the nineteenth century whose foundations rested on the region’s burgeoning steel industry. Smoky Hollow in Youngstown and the east side of Niles, though physically distinct, are remarkably similar in character, memory, and experience. While the oral accounts of their inhabitants appear straightforward and frankly discuss the events and attitudes that permeated their lives, they also reveal an interesting tension between reality and memory. The way people remember their past is an important consideration in the construction of identity. Oral historian Alessandro Portelli, in his important essay, “The Death of Luigi Trastulli,” examined memories of the death of Italian steelworker Luigi Trastulli in Terni, Italy. Most of Portelli’s interviewees recalled Trastulli dying during a demonstration
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over layoffs at the local steel
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Therapeutic use of cannabis, cannabis-derived products and synthetic cannabinoids for rheumatoid arthritis: protocol of a systematic review OBJECTIVE: To assess the therapeutic effects of cannabis, cannabis-derived products and synthetic cannabinoids for rheumatoid arthritis. DESIGN: This is the protocol of a systematic review. DATA SOURCES: Searches will be conducted in PubMed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), trial registries, grey literature and in a centralized repository in L-OVE (Living OVerview of Evidence). L-OVE is a platform that maps PICO questions to evidence from Epistemonikos database. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES AND METHODS: We will include randomized controlled trials evaluating therapeutic use of cannabis, cannabis-derived products and synthetic cannabinoids for rheumatoid arthritis. Our primary interest will be in trials comparing the intervention with placebo or no treatment (intervention plus optimal treatment vs placebo plus optimal treatment or optimal treatment alone) in patients receiving optimal treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. Optimal treatment will be defined as disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. Two reviewers will independently screen each study for eligibility, extract data, and assess the risk of bias. We will perform random-effects meta-analyses and use Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) to assess the certainty of the evidence for each outcome. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The Scientific Ethics Committee of the Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile granted ethical exemption for the realization of this study. Results of this review will be widely disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, social networks and traditional media and will be sent to relevant international organizations discussing this topic.
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CONTEXT ENGINEERING AND MODELING CHALLENGES The authors previously proposed the Context Engineering (CE) approach to Information Systems Development (ISD) as a framework to organise ideas about previous development experience and to guide future research on specific ISD methods and techniques. The goals of the CE approach are: to achieve an understanding of the ISD as socio-technical phenomena within a cultural and historical envelope; to provide a framework of problems supported on the relation between context and mediators; and to use contextuality as a key to performing emancipatory movements. Fundamental concepts are the notions of context as figure-ground and as autopoietic flux, of human activity as unit of contextual analysis, of the pervasiveness of mediation in human activity, of socio-technical networks as media and the hypothesis of a heterogeneous social engineering. A framework of development problems is presented along with a discussion of general and process related principles for the CE approach. A fundamental challenge proposed in this approach is the modeling of context as central influencing aspect of development, and the need to find appropriate instruments – concepts, techniques, representations – for modeling context as part of the ongoing decision making processes in the flow of ISD development activities. Moreover, we need modeling approaches that enable participation and focus on socio-technical relationships as the fabric of reality .
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Letter by Moccia et al regarding article, "Archetypal Arg169Cys mutation in NOTCH3 does not drive the pathogenesis in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leucoencephalopathy via a loss-of-function mechanism". We read with extreme interest the study by Cognat et al1 investigating the in vivo functionality of the Arg169Cys archetypal mutation in NOTCH3 . In particular, they broaden our knowledge on cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) mechanism showing that white matter pathology was only found in mice with the CADASIL mutation, despite normal NOTCH3 signaling and, thus, argued against a loss of function as a general driving mechanism for white matter lesions in CADASIL. In addition, they stressed the fact that the loss of NOTCH3 function does not cause CADASIL …
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Racism, Xenophobia or Markets? The Political Economy of Immigration Policy Prior to the Thirties Contrary to conventional wisdom, the doors did not suddenly slam shut on American immigrants when Congress passed the Emergency Quota Act of May 1921. Rather, the United States started imposing restrictions a half century earlier. Argentina, Australia, Brazil, and Canada enacted similar measures, although the anti-immigration policy drift often took the form of an enormous drop in (or even the disappearance of) large immigrant subsidies. Contrary to conventional wisdom, there wasn't simply one big regime switch around World War I. What explains immigration policy between 1860-1930? This paper identifies the fundamentals that underlay the formation of immigration policy, distinguishes between the impact of these long run fundamentals and short run timing, and clarifies the difference between market and non-market forces. The key bottom line is this: Over the long haul, immigrant countries tried to maintain the relative economic position of unskilled labor, compared with skilled labor, landowner and industrialist. The morals for the present are obvious.
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52: POST-REPERFUSION SYNDROME IN LIVER TRANSPLANTATION THE END OF AN ERA Learning Objectives: Post reperfusion syndrome (PRS) is a major and potentially lethal intraoperative event occurring in 20% of patients undergoing liver transplantation (LTx). PRS is characterized by significant hypotension and bradycardia following allograft implantation and it’s mainly exacerbated by ischemia-reperfusion injuries (IRI) stemming from liver procurement and preservation. A prospective preclinical study was conducted in a swine model comparing the post reperfusion events in 12 animals undergoing orthotopic LTx after 9 hours of cold ischemia time (CIT). Methods: The study group (n = 6) animals had their liver allografts (LA) preserved with machine perfusion (MP) combined with a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC) at 21°C. The control group (n = 6) had their LA preserved under cold storage (CS) with UW at 4°C. The animals had a 5-day post-transplant follow-up before the end-study necropsy. Results: The MP group had 100% survival and no signs of PRS, requiring significantly less intravenous fluid (p = 0.0061), blood products and vasopressors and demonstrative change in lactate. The CS group had 17% survival with moderate to severe signs of PRS. The MP group animals had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher bile secretion and urine output while displaying a significantly (p < 0.05) lower incidence of lactic acidosis and peak in liver enzymes (AST, ALT) during the postoperative period. The CS animals showed clear histological signs of moderate to severe IRI in their LA at the end-study necropsy, where massive centrilobular necrosis and cholestasis were documented. The MP animals had
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signs of none to mild IRI and normal LA function post-operatively. Conclusions: MP combined with HBOC at 21°C showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the incidence of PRS in a swine model with CIT = 9 hours when compared to CS. MP provides effective ex-vivo oxygenation during LA preservation and significantly eliminates PRS in this challenging preclinical swine model. 52
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Analysis of asymmetry in diurnal warming and its impact on vegetation phenology in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau using MODIS remote sensing data Abstract. Because of its high altitude, the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) serves as a de facto ecological barrier between China and Southeast Asia. Studying the phenological characteristics of vegetation on QTP and their response to climate change can help us to understand how climate change can impact on highland terrestrial ecosystems and how to improve predicting highland vegetation phenology. Using long-term NDVI data we derived from the MODIS spectral reflectance product (MOD09A1) and in situ climate data in QTP, we investigated (1) the trends of temporal and spatial variations in the phenological characteristics of the highland vegetation, such as the start of growing season (SOS), middle time of growing season (MOS), end of growing season (EOS), and length of growing season (LEN), and (2) the responses of SOS, MOS, and EOS to asymmetry in diurnal warming, i.e., asymmetry in the preseason daily daytime maximum temperature (Tmax) and daily nighttime minimum temperature (Tmin). Results showed that (1) the vegetation phenology in QTP displayed a salient zonal distribution pattern. From the northwest to the southeast, the vegetation SOS and MOS gradually advanced, EOS decreased, and LEN extended; (2) Tmin warmed up faster than Tmax, which indicated that daytime warming and nighttime warming were asymmetrical; (3) the increase in preseason Tmax and that in preseason Tmin played different roles in SOS, MOS, and EOS; and (4) the preseason Tmin showed a stronger control on vegetation phenology than the preseason
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Tmax. For instance, a 1°C increase in preseason Tmin advanced SOS by 7.07d (p < 0.05) and MOS by 6.80d (p < 0.05), and delayed EOS by 6.70d (p < 0.05). While a 1°C increase in preseason Tmax delayed the SOS, MOS, and EOS by 5.12d, 4.84d, and 1.04d, respectively.
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Fault and default. In the Hippocratic writings, one reads: "...[the physician] should keep aware of the fact that patients often lie when they state that they have taken certain medicines." Obviously "noncompliance" or "drug defaulting" is nothing new. Why, then, are most doctors so insensitive to the possibility that their patients often do not follow directions? Cynics will propose that the physician is simultaneously imbued with his omniscience, omnipotence and authority and yet so insecure in these beliefs that he cannot coexist with the painful notion that his patients disobey or deceive him. But surely we all know doctors for whom this cynical . . .
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“Blue Whale”: blog posts about the suicide game This study analyzed blog posts linked to the “Blue Whale” game in blogs. A Qualitative study was conducted on Tumblr Posts in Portuguese by searching for the string “baleia azul” (“blue whale”), and were submitted to thematic analysis. The main themes were: "Understanding and support", "Opposition to the game or the players", "Blue Whale game information", "(Family) Relationship" and "Vulnerability". Bloggers expressed warm, understanding or derogatory attitudes towards people prone or who identified themselves to the game. Games related to suicidal behavior may raise diverse interest level and diverse attitudes and behaviors in a young audience, being a risk for vulnerable individuals; it needs to be addressed in preventive strategies.
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Immunohistochemical expression of endocan, as a marker of assessment of angiogenic potential in benign vascular lesions (hemangioma, lymphangioma and lobular capillary hemangioma) of head and neck region BACKGROUND: Vascular tumors are a heterogeneous group of diseases with biological behavior ranging from a hamartomatous growth to frank malignant. The pathophysiology of lymphangioma, vascular malformation and hemangioma is interconnected, blood vessels known to be the site of origin of hamartomas, venous malformations and some neoplasms as benign, tumor-like growth of vessels (hemangiomas). Angiogenesis is the process of formation of new blood vessels from an existing structure. Aims of study Assessment of angiogenic potential in benign vascular lesions (hemangioma, lymphangioma and lobular capillary hemangioma) of head and neck region. Materials and Methods: Twenty-two formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of Hemangioma/vascular malformation, thirty of lobular capillary hemangioma and another twenty of lymphangioma to be stained with Endothelial cell-Specific Molecule-1 (ESM-1) monoclonal antibody. Results: Microvessel density expressed by Endothelial cell-Specific Molecule-1 (ESM-1) immunomarker was found in all cases with mean density of (37.44±23.16) for lobular capillary hemangioma and (25.02±13.89) for hemangioma and (6.34±3.52) for lymphangioma. According to post hoc test ESM-1 marker expression showed a high significant difference between (hemangioma and lymphangioma=0.001), (lymphangioma, pyogenic granuloma=0.000), and it was significantly different between (hemangioma, pyogenic granuloma=0.011) Conclusions: The obvious capillary growth in lobular capillary hemangioma revealed that lobular capillary hemangioma showed the highest activity of angiogenic potential in comparison to hemangioma and lymphangioma.
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Insights into feedback and feedback signaling for beamformer design Multi-site cooperative transmission is gaining industrial support in latest standard development. One key criteria to sucessfully implement a multi-site cooperative transmission system is the need to quantize an expanded set of channels. To maintain quantization precision, codebook size needs to scale roughly exponentially with the number of total antennas and renders quantizing the expanded channel set a computationally demanding task. In this paper, we identify a connection between noncoherent communication and the phase invariant property of beamforming vectors. We leverage techniques from the noncoherent communication literature to design an efficient beamforming vector quantization scheme. Our proposed scheme has a quantization complexity that grows linearly with number of antennas. Simulation results indicate this method has slightly more quantization distortion than RVQ while being significantly more efficient.
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Self-proclaimed diplomats: Catalan–Lithuanian cooperation during WWI The topic of international cooperation between national movements before the end of World War I (WWI) has still not received sufficient scholarly attention. It is common for national historiographies to concentrate on the case of their own nation. When it comes to international relations, however, connections with neighboring nations and national movements – chief adversaries in the achievement of national goals – are usually prioritized. Nevertheless, even before and especially during the war there was a vibrant scene where non-dominant nationalities could practice international diplomacy, conduct discussions, share experiences, build coalitions, and so on. This article explores one of such examples of international relations conducted between the representatives of two nations – the Catalans and the Lithuanians. They came in contact before the war at the Paris-based Union des Nationalités (the Union of Nationalities), an organization that was designed to unite and support non-dominant national movements. Despite being located on the opposite sides of Europe and having no apparent direct connections, the Lithuanians and the Catalans established common ground for cooperation, which especially peaked during WWI.
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Cell volume reduction associated with interphase death in rat thymocytes. Correlation of interphase death with cell volume reduction in rat thymocytes was examined using an automated cell size distribution analyzer. After x irradiation from 50 to 2000 r in vitro, cell suspension were incubated at 37/sup 0/C for 4 h. Measurement of cell size distribution during and after incubation demonstrated that the irradiated thymocyte suspension consisted of two discrete subpopulations, one of normal size and the other of smaller size. The number of smaller cells increased parallel to a rise in dead(erythrosine B stained) cell counts with incubation time and radiation dose, suggesting that smaller cells might correspond to dead thymocytes. This was confirmed by examining a centrifugally separated dead-cell population, which had a size distribution curve similar to that of the smaller cells. The possibility that small-cell counts could be used as a new criterion for interphase death is discussed.
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Pediatric Integrated Care Models: A Systematic Review Psychiatric disorders are becoming more frequently diagnosed within the pediatric primary care setting. Despite increased diagnosis within primary care, only a minority of patients receive further psychiatric or specialty care. The integrated/collaborative care treatment model was designed to improve access within primary care. The purpose of this review is to identify randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies that have investigated whether increased access improves treatment engagement, satisfaction, and improved mental health outcomes. Six studies met inclusion criteria. Studies reviewed indicated increased access to behavioral health treatment through use of the integrated/collaborative care model and improved mental health outcomes. Recommendations for screening and treatment are provided. Limitations of the reviewed studies include lack of generalizability to urban populations, minority youth, and youth younger than 4 years of age. Practice recommendations to address these limitations are identified.
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Here, there, anywhere: remote usability testing that works Usability testing is regarded as a key element in user-centered design. Several studies from the Standish Group have shown that usability testing increases the chance of developing usable software. Companies are faced with many challenges: their customers demand usable products at reasonable costs and the customer base is distributed and diverse. Unfortunately, usability testing is often perceived as impractical due to the remote and distributed location of users, limited access to representative users, or a work context that is difficult to reproduce in a laboratory setting. Additionally, for some companies, the cost of transporting users or developers to remote locations can be prohibitive. Interest in remote usability testing has grown in response to these concerns. As the user advocate, the Information Technology student needs to be provided not only with hands-on experience in usability testing, but also with its nuances. These include an understanding of the wide range of formats and options available such as remote usability testing. Moreover, a remote format may be a solution for universities that do not have the resources to set up formal laboratories. There is a need to understand how best to facilitate remote testing in a classroom environment. The focus of our study was to identify appropriate tools and define methodologies for efficient and effective remote testing environments. We investigated commercial tools to determine their usefulness and cost-effectiveness for the classroom and then conducted an empirical study to compare traditional and remote usability testing of a web site using one of
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these tools. This paper will report on advantages and disadvantages of various remote testing tools, modifications to procedures and protocols of traditional testing, and the project findings, including usability problem identification, which establish the effectiveness of remote usability testing. Recommendations will be made for providing a credible environment for remote testing.
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