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Context: Bermuda has developed a proud Rugby Union community. The Bermuda Rugby Union team won the 2011 Caribbean championships, defeating Guyana in the final. They previously beat The Bahamas and Mexico to take the crown. Rugby 7's is also played, with four rounds scheduled to take place in the 2011–2012 season. The Bermuda 7's team competed in the 2011 Las Vegas 7's, defeating the Mexican team. There are four clubs on the island: (1) Police (2) Mariners (3) Teachers (4) Renegades. There is a men's and women's competition–current league champions are Police (Men) (winning the title for the first time since the 1990s) and Renegades (women's). Games are currently played at Warwick Academy. Bermuda u/19 team won the 2010 Caribbean Championships. Question: Who won the 2011 Caribbean championships? Answer: The Bermuda Rugby Union team Question: How many clubs are on the island? Answer: There are four clubs on the island Question: Who are the reigning league champions? Answer: Police (Men) Question: Where are the Women's games played? Answer: Warwick Academy. Question: What did the Bermuda u/19 team win? Answer: 2010 Caribbean Championships Question: What country has a proud Union Rugby community? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who won the 2011 Guyana Championships? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who did Bermuda 7's team defeat in 2010? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are played at the Academy of Warwick? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who won the 1990 Caribbean Championships? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In January 1915, Bell made the first ceremonial transcontinental telephone call. Calling from the AT&T head office at 15 Dey Street in New York City, Bell was heard by Thomas Watson at 333 Grant Avenue in San Francisco. The New York Times reported: Question: In what month and year did Bell telephone across the country? Answer: January 1915 Question: What company office did Bell make the original cross country phone call from? Answer: AT&T Question: What city did Bell make the first cross country call from? Answer: New York Question: What city did Bell make the first cross country call to? Answer: San Francisco Question: Who was on the other end of the first cross country phone call? Answer: Thomas Watson
Context: Those involved in producing professional wrestling have developed a kind of global fraternity, with familial bonds, shared language and passed-down traditions. New performers are expected to "pay their dues" for a few years by working in lower-profile promotions and working as ring crew before working their way upward. The permanent rosters of most promotions develop a backstage pecking order, with veterans mediating conflicts and mentoring younger wrestlers. For many decades (and still to a lesser extent today), performers were expected to keep the illusions of wrestling's legitimacy alive even while not performing, essentially acting in character any time they were in public. Some veterans speak of a "sickness" among wrestling performers, an inexplicable pull to remain active in the wrestling world despite the devastating effects the job can have on one's life and health. Question: What is expected of newcomers? Answer: to "pay their dues" for a few years by working in lower-profile promotions Question: What were wrestlers expected to do for decades? Answer: keep the illusions of wrestling's legitimacy alive Question: How did wrestlers have to act in public? Answer: acting in character Question: What effects can wrestling have on the wrestlers? Answer: devastating effects the job can have on one's life and health
Context: The ideas of the Italian Renaissance were slow to cross the Alps into northern Europe, but important artistic innovations were made also in the Low Countries. Though not – as previously believed – the inventor of oil painting, Jan van Eyck was a champion of the new medium, and used it to create works of great realism and minute detail. The two cultures influenced each other and learned from each other, but painting in the Netherlands remained more focused on textures and surfaces than the idealized compositions of Italy. Question: What was the focus of paintings in Italy? Answer: idealized compositions Question: Where was the focus of paintings on textures and surfaces? Answer: the Netherlands Question: What painter was an early champion of oil as a medium in painting? Answer: Jan van Eyck Question: Jan van Eyck's paintings are known for what characteristics? Answer: great realism and minute detail Question: What wasn't the focus of paintings in Italy? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where wasn't the focus of paintings on textures and surfaces? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What painter was a late champion of oil as a medium in painting? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What painter wasn't an early champion of oil as a medium in painting? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Jan van Eyck's paintings are unknown for what characteristics? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Switzerland's trade was blockaded by both the Allies and by the Axis. Economic cooperation and extension of credit to the Third Reich varied according to the perceived likelihood of invasion and the availability of other trading partners. Concessions reached a peak after a crucial rail link through Vichy France was severed in 1942, leaving Switzerland completely surrounded by the Axis. Over the course of the war, Switzerland interned over 300,000 refugees and the International Red Cross, based in Geneva, played an important part during the conflict. Strict immigration and asylum policies as well as the financial relationships with Nazi Germany raised controversy, but not until the end of the 20th century. Question: Who blockaded Switzerland's trade during World War II? Answer: by both the Allies and by the Axis Question: What was severed in 1942, leaving Switzerland completely surrounded by the Axis? Answer: a crucial rail link through Vichy France Question: How many refugees did Switzerland intern during World War II? Answer: over 300,000 Question: When did the financial relationship Switzerland had with Nazi Germany begin to raise controversy? Answer: end of the 20th century Question: Where was the International Red Cross based? Answer: Geneva
Context: There is also a trend of Orthodox movements pursuing secular Jews in order to give them a stronger Jewish identity so there is less chance of intermarriage. As a result of the efforts by these and other Jewish groups over the past 25 years, there has been a trend (known as the Baal Teshuva movement) for secular Jews to become more religiously observant, though the demographic implications of the trend are unknown. Additionally, there is also a growing rate of conversion to Jews by Choice of gentiles who make the decision to head in the direction of becoming Jews. Question: What is one method used to prevent intermarriage? Answer: pursuing secular Jews in order to give them a stronger Jewish identity Question: What is the trend for secular Jews to become more religiously observant known as? Answer: the Baal Teshuva movement Question: Who leads the movement that pursues secular Jews in order to give them stronger Jewish identity? Answer: Orthodox Question: Why do secular Jews persue Orthodox movements? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why has there been a trend for secular Jews to become less religious? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who has a shrinking rate of conversion? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the trend for Jews to become less religiously observant called? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When have Jews made efforts to be less religiously observant? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Socially, while liberty and freedom of enterprise form the basis of its beliefs, elements of the party have wavered between what is termed "small-l liberalism" and social conservatism. Historically, Liberal Governments have been responsible for the carriage of a number of notable "socially liberal" reforms, including the opening of Australia to multiethnic immigration under Menzies and Harold Holt; Holt's 1967 Referendum on Aboriginal Rights; Sir John Gorton's support for cinema and the arts; selection of the first Aboriginal Senator, Neville Bonner, in 1971; and Malcolm Fraser's Aboriginal Land Rights Act 1976. A West Australian Liberal, Ken Wyatt, became the first Indigenous Australian elected to the House of Representatives in 2010. Question: Who was the first indigenous Australian elected to the House? Answer: Ken Wyatt Question: In what year was the first indigenous Australian elected to the House of Representatives? Answer: 2010 Question: In what year was the first Aboriginal Senator elected? Answer: 1971 Question: Who was the first indigenous liberal elected to the House? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year was the first indigenous liberal elected to the House of Representatives? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year was the first liberal senator elected? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who supported Neville Bonner and the arts? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was a West Australian artist? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Portuguese cuisine is diverse. The Portuguese consume a lot of dry cod (bacalhau in Portuguese), for which there are hundreds of recipes. There are more than enough bacalhau dishes for each day of the year. Two other popular fish recipes are grilled sardines and caldeirada, a potato-based stew that can be made from several types of fish. Typical Portuguese meat recipes, that may be made out of beef, pork, lamb, or chicken, include cozido à portuguesa, feijoada, frango de churrasco, leitão (roast suckling pig) and carne de porco à alentejana. A very popular northern dish is the arroz de sarrabulho (rice stewed in pigs blood) or the arroz de cabidela (rice and chickens meat stewed in chickens blood). Question: What is dry cod known as in Portuguese? Answer: bacalhau Question: Other than bacalhau, what are two other popular fish recipes in Portugal? Answer: grilled sardines and caldeirada Question: What is caldeirada? Answer: a potato-based stew that can be made from several types of fish Question: What meats are often used in Portuguese recipes? Answer: beef, pork, lamb, or chicken Question: What are two popular Northern Portugal dishes? Answer: arroz de sarrabulho (rice stewed in pigs blood) or the arroz de cabidela (rice and chickens meat stewed in chickens blood)
Context: In the Roman Catholic Church, obstinate and willful manifest heresy is considered to spiritually cut one off from the Church, even before excommunication is incurred. The Codex Justinianus (1:5:12) defines "everyone who is not devoted to the Catholic Church and to our Orthodox holy Faith" a heretic. The Church had always dealt harshly with strands of Christianity that it considered heretical, but before the 11th century these tended to centre around individual preachers or small localised sects, like Arianism, Pelagianism, Donatism, Marcionism and Montanism. The diffusion of the almost Manichaean sect of Paulicians westwards gave birth to the famous 11th and 12th century heresies of Western Europe. The first one was that of Bogomils in modern day Bosnia, a sort of sanctuary between Eastern and Western Christianity. By the 11th century, more organised groups such as the Patarini, the Dulcinians, the Waldensians and the Cathars were beginning to appear in the towns and cities of northern Italy, southern France and Flanders. Question: What is thought of to spiritually cut one off from the Church even before excommunication? Answer: obstinate and willful manifest heresy Question: What book gives the definition of a heretic as anyone that does not follow the Catholic Church or the orthodox holy faith? Answer: The Codex Justinianus Question: What groups are cited as being considered heretical by the Church before the 11th century? Answer: Arianism, Pelagianism, Donatism, Marcionism and Montanism Question: What group moved westward to give rise to the famous 11th and 12th century heresy in western Europe? Answer: Paulicians Question: What groups began to appear in northern Italy and southern France during the 11th century? Answer: Patarini, the Dulcinians, the Waldensians and the Cathars Question: What is considered a reason to cut someone off from the church? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did the Church stop dealing harshly with heritics? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What sect was spreading west from the 1100's-1200's? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What happened in northern Italy during the 1100's? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Palermo experiences a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa). Winters are cool and wet, while summers are hot and dry. Temperatures in autumn and spring are usually mild. Palermo is one of the warmest cities in Europe (mainly due to its warm nights), with an average annual air temperature of 18.5 °C (65.3 °F). It receives approximately 2,530 hours of sunshine per year. Snow is usually a rare occurrence, but it does occur occasionally if there is a cold front, as the Apennines are too distant to protect the island from cold winds blowing from the Balkans, and the mountains surrounding the city facilite the formation of snow accumulation in Palermo, especially at night. Between the 1940s and the 2000s there have been eleven times when considerable snowfall has occurred: In 1949, in 1956, when the minimum temperature went down to 0 °C (32 °F) and the city was blanketed by several centimeters of snow. Snow also occurred in 1999, 2009 and 2015. The average annual temperature of the sea is above 19 °C (66 °F); from 14 °C (57 °F) in February to 26 °C (79 °F) in August. In the period from May to November, the average sea temperature exceeds 18 °C (64 °F) and in the period from June to October, the average sea temperature exceeds 21 °C (70 °F). Question: What is Palermo's climate classification? Answer: hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa). Question: How do Palermo's temperatures compare to the rest of Europe? Answer: one of the warmest cities in Europe Question: How many did snow fall in Palermo between 1940and the 2000s? Answer: eleven Question: How much sun does Palermo see each year? Answer: 2,530 hours Question: What city has a moderate Mediterranean climate with very cold winters? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is one of the warmest cities in the world? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What weather never occurs in Palermo? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is too far away to protect the island from the heat? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Marien Ngouabi, who had participated in the coup, assumed the presidency on December 31, 1968. One year later, President Ngouabi proclaimed Congo Africa's first "people's republic", the People's Republic of the Congo, and announced the decision of the National Revolutionary Movement to change its name to the Congolese Labour Party (PCT). Ngouabi survived an attempted coup in 1972 but was assassinated on March 16, 1977. An 11-member Military Committee of the Party (CMP) was then named to head an interim government with Joachim Yhombi-Opango to serve as President of the Republic. Two years later, Yhombi-Opango was forced from power and Denis Sassou Nguesso become the new president. Question: Who became president of the Congo in 1968? Answer: Marien Ngouabi Question: What did the Congo's name become under Ngouabi? Answer: People's Republic of the Congo Question: What did the National Revolutionary Movement's name become? Answer: Congolese Labour Party Question: In what year was a coup attempted against Ngouabi? Answer: 1972 Question: On what date was Ngouabi assassinated? Answer: March 16, 1977 Question: Who left the presidency on December 31, 1968? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who became president after Denis Sassou Nguesso? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did the Congo's name change to under Denis Sassou Nguesso? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did Denis Sassou Nguesso survive a coup? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was Joachim Yhombi-Opango assassinated? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Southampton (i/saʊθˈæmptən, -hæmptən/) is the largest city in the ceremonial county of Hampshire on the south coast of England, and is situated 75 miles (121 km) south-west of London and 19 miles (31 km) north-west of Portsmouth. Southampton is a major port and the closest city to the New Forest. It lies at the northernmost point of Southampton Water at the confluence of the River Test and River Itchen, with the River Hamble joining to the south of the urban area. The city, which is a unitary authority, has an estimated population of 253,651. The city's name is sometimes abbreviated in writing to "So'ton" or "Soton", and a resident of Southampton is called a Sotonian. Question: What's the estimated population of Southampton? Answer: 253,651 Question: What could you call someone who lives in Southampton? Answer: Sotonian Question: In what ceremonial county is Southampton located? Answer: Hampshire Question: How many miles away from London is Southampton? Answer: 75 Question: In which direction would you travel from Portsmouth to reach Southampton? Answer: north-west
Context: The competition is open to any eligible club down to Levels 10 of the English football league system - all 92 professional clubs in the Premier League and Football League (Levels 1 to 4), and several hundred "non-league" teams in Steps 1 to 6 of the National League System (Levels 5 to 10). A record 763 clubs competed in 2011–12. The tournament consists of 12 randomly drawn rounds followed by the semi-finals and the final. Entrants are not seeded, although a system of byes based on league level ensures higher ranked teams enter in later rounds - the minimum number of games needed to win the competition ranges from six to fourteen. Question: Who is the competition open too? Answer: any eligible club Question: How many clubs competed in 20011-12? Answer: 763 clubs Question: How many rounds in the tournament? Answer: 12 Question: How many games are needed to win? Answer: six to fourteen Question: What league can compete? Answer: Premier League and Football League Question: Who is the competition not open to? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many clubs competed before 2011? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What leagues cannot compete in the competition? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the maximum number of games needed to win? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many non-random rounds are in the tournament? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In 1592, and again in 1597, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, aiming to invade China (唐入り) through Korea, mobilized an army of 160,000 peasants and samurai and deployed them to Korea. (See Hideyoshi's invasions of Korea, Chōsen-seibatsu (朝鮮征伐?). Taking advantage of arquebus mastery and extensive wartime experience from the Sengoku period, Japanese samurai armies made major gains in most of Korea. Kato Kiyomasa advanced to Orangkai territory (present-day Manchuria) bordering Korea to the northeast and crossed the border into Manchuria, but withdrew after retaliatory attacks from the Jurchens there, as it was clear he had outpaced the rest of the Japanese invasion force. A few of the more famous samurai generals of this war were Katō Kiyomasa, Konishi Yukinaga, and Shimazu Yoshihiro. Shimazu Yoshihiro led some 7,000 samurai and, despite being heavily outnumbered, defeated a host of allied Ming and Korean forces at the Battle of Sacheon in 1598, near the conclusion of the campaigns. Yoshihiro was feared as Oni-Shimazu ("Shimazu ogre") and his nickname spread across not only Korea but to Ming Dynasty China. In spite of the superiority of Japanese land forces, ultimately the two expeditions failed (though they did devastate the Korean landmass) from factors such as Korean naval superiority (which, led by Admiral Yi Sun-shin, harassed Japanese supply lines continuously throughout the wars, resulting in supply shortages on land), the commitment of sizeable Ming forces to Korea, Korean guerrilla actions, the underestimation of resistance by Japanese commanders (in the first campaign of 1592, Korean defenses on land were caught unprepared, under-trained, and under-armed; they were rapidly overrun, with only a limited number of successfully resistant engagements against the more-experienced and battle-hardened Japanese forces - in the second campaign of 1597, Korean and Ming forces proved to be a far more difficult challenge and, with the support of continued Korean naval superiority, limited Japanese gains to parts southeastern Korea), and wavering Japanese commitment to the campaigns as the wars dragged on. The final death blow to the Japanese campaigns in Korea came with Hideyoshi's death in late 1598 and the recall of all Japanese forces in Korea by the Council of Five Elders (established by Hideyoshi to oversee the transition from his regency to that of his son Hideyori). Question: When did Toyotomi Hideyoshi first send an army to Korea? Answer: 1592 Question: When did Toyotomi Hideyoshi send an army to Korea a second time? Answer: 1597 Question: How many troops did Toyotomi Hideyoshi send to Korea? Answer: 160,000 Question: When was the Battle of Sacheon? Answer: 1598 Question: When did Toyotomi Hideyoshi die? Answer: 1598
Context: The production for sulfidic zinc ores produces large amounts of sulfur dioxide and cadmium vapor. Smelter slag and other residues of process also contain significant amounts of heavy metals. About 1.1 million tonnes of metallic zinc and 130 thousand tonnes of lead were mined and smelted in the Belgian towns of La Calamine and Plombières between 1806 and 1882. The dumps of the past mining operations leach significant amounts of zinc and cadmium, and, as a result, the sediments of the Geul River contain significant amounts of heavy metals. About two thousand years ago emissions of zinc from mining and smelting totaled 10 thousand tonnes a year. After increasing 10-fold from 1850, zinc emissions peaked at 3.4 million tonnes per year in the 1980s and declined to 2.7 million tonnes in the 1990s, although a 2005 study of the Arctic troposphere found that the concentrations there did not reflect the decline. Anthropogenic and natural emissions occur at a ratio of 20 to 1. Question: Large amounts of sulfur dioxide and cadmium vapor are produced due to what? Answer: The production for sulfidic zinc ores Question: Smelter slag contains a significant amount of what? Answer: heavy metals Question: Why does the Geul River contain heavy metals in a significant amount? Answer: mining operations leach significant amounts of zinc and cadmium Question: What is the ratio that anthropogenic and natural emissions occur at? Answer: 20 to 1 Question: What produces tiny amounts of sulfur dioxide and cadmium vapor? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does smelter slag contain a trivial amount of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why does the Geul River contain no heavy metals? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the ratio that anthropogenic and unnatural emissions occur at? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The phrase "[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. The phrase was later used by Thomas Jefferson as a description of the First Amendment and its restriction on the legislative branch of the federal government, in an 1802 letter to the Danbury Baptists (a religious minority concerned about the dominant position of the Congregationalist church in Connecticut): Question: Who was Roger Williams? Answer: Baptist theologian Question: What phrase did Roger Williams first use? Answer: "[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" Question: What colony was Roger Williams the founder of? Answer: Rhode Island Question: When was the book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution published? Answer: 1644 Question: Who used William's phrase as a description of the First Amendment and its restriction on the legislative branch? Answer: Thomas Jefferson Question: Who was a non-Baptist theologian? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What phrase did Roger Williams never use? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What colony did Roger Williams escape from? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution burned? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who used William's phrase as a description of the Third Amendment and its restriction on the legislative branch? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Greece women's national water polo team have emerged as one of the leading powers in the world, becoming World Champions after their gold medal win against the hosts China at the 2011 World Championship. They have also won the silver medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics, the gold medal at the 2005 World League and the silver medals at the 2010 and 2012 European Championships. The Greece men's national water polo team became the third best water polo team in the world in 2005, after their win against Croatia in the bronze medal game at the 2005 World Aquatics Championships in Canada. The domestic top water polo leagues, Greek Men's Water Polo League and Greek Women's Water Polo League are considered amongst the top national leagues in European water polo, as its clubs have made significant success in European competitions. In men's European competitions, Olympiacos has won the Champions League, the European Super Cup and the Triple Crown in 2002 becoming the first club in Water polo history to win every title in which it has competed within a single year (National championship, National cup, Champions League and European Super Cup), while NC Vouliagmeni has won the LEN Cup Winners' Cup in 1997. In women's European competitions, Greek water polo teams (NC Vouliagmeni, Glyfada NSC, Olympiacos, Ethnikos Piraeus) are amongst the most successful in European water polο, having won as many as 4 LEN Champions Cups, 3 LEN Trophies and 2 European Supercups. Question: In what year did Greece's women's water polo team win the World Championship? Answer: 2011 Question: Which medal did Greece's women's water polo team win at the 2004 Summer Olympics? Answer: silver Question: Which medal did Greece's women's water polo team win at the 2005 World League? Answer: gold Question: The Greece Men's water polo team held which world ranking in 2005? Answer: third Question: Who did Greece Men's water polo team beat in the 2005 World Aquatics Championships? Answer: Croatia
Context: The person or organization submits a HCP and if approved by the agency (FWS or NMFS), will be issued an Incidental Take Permit (ITP) which allows a certain number of "takes" of the listed species. The permit may be revoked at any time and can allow incidental takes for varying amounts of time. For instance, the San Bruno Habitat Conservation Plan/ Incidental Take Permit is good for 30 years and the Wal-Mart store (in Florida) permit expires after one year. Because the permit is issued by a federal agency to a private party, it is a federal action-which means other federal laws can apply, such as the National Environmental Policy Act or NEPA. A notice of the permit application action is published in the Federal Register and a public comment period of 30 to 90 days begins. Question: An approved HCP results in what being issued for the species? Answer: an Incidental Take Permit (ITP) Question: How long do ITPs last? Answer: allow incidental takes for varying amounts of time Question: How is the public made aware of ITP applications? Answer: A notice of the permit application action is published in the Federal Register Question: How long does the public have to comment on ITP applications? Answer: 30 to 90 days Question: What is issued if an HCP is rejected? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How long does an HCP last for? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What state is San Bruno in? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do not apply when a permit is issued? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What entity publishes the HCP for public comment? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Yale University is an American private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut. Founded in 1701 in Saybrook Colony as the Collegiate School, the University is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States. The school was renamed Yale College in 1718 in recognition of a gift from Elihu Yale, who was governor of the British East India Company. Established to train Congregationalist ministers in theology and sacred languages, by 1777 the school's curriculum began to incorporate humanities and sciences. In the 19th century the school incorporated graduate and professional instruction, awarding the first Ph.D. in the United States in 1861 and organizing as a university in 1887. Question: When was the Collegiate School of Saybrook Colony founded? Answer: 1701 Question: When was the Collegiate School renamed to Yale College? Answer: 1718 Question: Why was the school named Yale College? Answer: recognition of a gift from Elihu Yale Question: When did Yale first incorporate humanities and sciences? Answer: by 1777 Question: When did Yale issue the first Ph.D in the United States? Answer: 1861 Question: When was the Collegiate School of Saybrook Colony closed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When wasn't the Collegiate School renamed to Yale College? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why wasn't the school named Yale College? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did Yale last incorporate humanities and sciences? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did Yale issue the last Ph.D in the United States? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: What industries children work in depends on if they grew up in a rural area or an urban area. Children who were born in urban areas often found themselves working for street vendors, washing cars, helping in construction sites, weaving clothing, and sometimes even working as exotic dancers. While children who grew up in rural areas would work on farms doing physical labour, working with animals, and selling crops. Of all the child workers, the most serious cases involved street children and trafficked children due to the physical and emotional abuse they endured by their employers. To address the issue of child labour, the United Nations Conventions on the Rights of the Child Act was implemented in 1959. Yet due to poverty, lack of education and ignorance, the legal actions were not/are not wholly enforced or accepted in Africa. Question: Where did children from urban areas primarily work? Answer: street vendors, washing cars, helping in construction sites, weaving clothing, and sometimes even working as exotic dancers Question: Where did children from rural areas work? Answer: farms Question: When was the United Nations Conventions on the Rights of the Child Act implemented? Answer: 1959 Question: What was the most serious aftereffects of child labour? Answer: physical and emotional abuse
Context: Voting results have been a consistent source of controversy. The mechanism of voting had also aroused considerable criticisms, most notably in season two when Ruben Studdard beat Clay Aiken in a close vote, and in season eight, when the massive increase in text votes (100 million more text votes than season 7) fueled the texting controversy. Concerns about power voting have been expressed from the very first season. Since 2004, votes also have been affected to a limited degree by online communities such as DialIdol, Vote for the Worst (closed in 2013), and Vote for the Girls (started 2010). Question: Who won season two of American Idol? Answer: Ruben Studdard Question: Who came in second on season two of American Idol? Answer: Clay Aiken Question: What year did Vote for the Worst cease operations? Answer: 2013 Question: How many more text votes were there in season eight of American Idol over season seven? Answer: 100 million Question: Which season had the biggest voting controversy? Answer: season two Question: Which season had a voting controversy because of a huge increase in text votes? Answer: season eight Question: Which voting concern has been present since the first season? Answer: power voting Question: When did Vote for the Girls start? Answer: 2010 Question: When did Vote for the Worst close? Answer: 2013
Context: At present, Malaysia have developed 32 polytechnic at all over states in engineering, agriculture, commerce, hospitality and design courses with 60,840 students in 2009 to 87,440 students in 2012. Question: How many polytechnic institutes does Malaysia have now? Answer: 32 Question: How many students were enrolled in polytechnic schools in Malaysia in 2009? Answer: 60,840 Question: How many students were enrolled in polytechnic schools in Malaysia in 2012? Answer: 87,440
Context: The oldest method of studying the brain is anatomical, and until the middle of the 20th century, much of the progress in neuroscience came from the development of better cell stains and better microscopes. Neuroanatomists study the large-scale structure of the brain as well as the microscopic structure of neurons and their components, especially synapses. Among other tools, they employ a plethora of stains that reveal neural structure, chemistry, and connectivity. In recent years, the development of immunostaining techniques has allowed investigation of neurons that express specific sets of genes. Also, functional neuroanatomy uses medical imaging techniques to correlate variations in human brain structure with differences in cognition or behavior. Question: The oldest known method of studying the brain is what? Answer: anatomical, Question: What do neuroanatomists study? Answer: the large-scale structure of the brain Question: What type of study uses medical imaging techniques to correlate changes in brain structure? Answer: neuroanatomy Question: Until what century was brain studying mostly anatomical? Answer: the middle of the 20th century,
Context: While it is undisputed that early humans were hunters, the importance of this for the emergence of the Homo genus from the earlier Australopithecines, including the production of stone tools and eventually the control of fire, are emphasised in the hunting hypothesis and de-emphasised in scenarios that stress omnivory and social interaction, including mating behaviour, as essential in the emergence of human behavioural modernity. With the establishment of language, culture, and religion, hunting became a theme of stories and myths, as well as rituals such as dance and animal sacrifice. Question: What is undisputed about early humans? Answer: were hunters Question: Hunting was important for the emergence of the Homo genus from what? Answer: earlier Australopithecines Question: Production of stone tools and control of fire were also pushed forward by what? Answer: hunting Question: What became a theme of stories and myths? Answer: hunting Question: Hunting allowed what type of rituals? Answer: dance and animal sacrifice Question: What is undisputed about earlier humans? Answer: humans were hunters Question: What did hunting become a theme of? Answer: stories and myths Question: Stone tools and control of fire are emphasised in what hypothesis? Answer: hunting hypothesis Question: What kind of activity would require the use of fire for early humans? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Mating behavior was important for the emergence of Homo genus from what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did omnivory become a theme of for early man? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was animal sacrifice considered to be as part of the emergence of modern humans? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is undisputed about animals that were sacrificed? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York under heavy security. Two days later, Jay Z released "Glory", a song dedicated to their child, on his website Lifeandtimes.com. The song detailed the couple's pregnancy struggles, including a miscarriage Beyoncé suffered before becoming pregnant with Blue Ivy. Blue Ivy's cries are included at the end of the song, and she was officially credited as "B.I.C." on it. At two days old, she became the youngest person ever to appear on a Billboard chart when "Glory" debuted on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. Question: Jay Z has a website called what? Answer: Lifeandtimes.com Question: Which song by Jay Z talked about the pregnancy struggles? Answer: Glory Question: What was the name of Beyonce's daughter? Answer: Blue Ivy Carter Question: At what hospital was the baby delivered? Answer: Lenox Hill Hospital Question: What was the named of the song dedicated to the child? Answer: Glory Question: What does B.I.C. stand for? Answer: Blue Ivy Carter Question: Who was credited for her cries on the song? Answer: B.I.C. Question: When did Beyoncé give birth to her daughter? Answer: January 7, 2012 Question: What did Beyoncé and Jay Z name their daughter? Answer: Blue Ivy Carter Question: What song did Jay Z release two days after Blue Ivy was born? Answer: Glory Question: What is included at the end of Glory? Answer: Blue Ivy's cries Question: How was Blue Ivy credited on Glory? Answer: B.I.C.
Context: The Second Aliyah (1904–14), began after the Kishinev pogrom; some 40,000 Jews settled in Palestine, although nearly half of them left eventually. Both the first and second waves of migrants were mainly Orthodox Jews, although the Second Aliyah included socialist groups who established the kibbutz movement. During World War I, British Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour sent the Balfour Declaration of 1917 to Baron Rothschild (Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild), a leader of the British Jewish community, that stated that Britain intended for the creation of a Jewish "national home" within the Palestinian Mandate. Question: When did the Second Aliyah begin? Answer: after the Kishinev pogrom Question: How many Jews settled into Palestine? Answer: 40,000 Question: The first and second wave of migrants were mainly who? Answer: Orthodox Jews
Context: The American bison is a large bovid which inhabited much of western North America prior to the 1800s, living on the prairies in large herds. However, the vast herds of bison attracted market hunters, who killed dozens of bison for their hides only, leaving the rest to rot. Thousands of these hunters quickly eliminated the bison herds, bringing the population from several million in the early 1800s to a few hundred by the 1880s. Conservation efforts have allowed the population to increase, but the bison remains near-threatened. Question: What type of creature is the American bison? Answer: a large bovid Question: What did the American bison inhabit much of prior to the 1800s? Answer: western North America Question: What did market hunters leave the parts of the bison they didn't need to do? Answer: rot Question: What was the population of bison herds around prior to being eliminated by thousands of market hunters? Answer: several million Question: What is the current status of bison? Answer: near-threatened Question: What did large herds of bison attract? Answer: market hunters Question: What part of North America did the bison live? Answer: western Question: Why were the bison killed? Answer: for their hides Question: What did hunter do with the rest of the bison? Answer: leaving the rest to rot Question: What do bison still remain? Answer: near-threatened Question: What area did market hunters come from in the 1880's? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How much did a bison hide cost in the 1800's? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the population of the US in 1880? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What areas of the US were settled first in 1880? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What were buildings prone to when built in a prarie area? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The six Warsaw Pact countries of Eastern Europe, while nominally independent, were widely recognized in the international community as the Soviet satellite states. All had been occupied by the Soviet Red Army in 1945, had Soviet-style socialist states imposed upon them, and had very restricted freedom of action in either domestic or international affairs. Any moves towards real independence were suppressed by military force – in the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 and the Prague Spring in 1968. Gorbachev abandoned the oppressive and expensive Brezhnev Doctrine, which mandated intervention in the Warsaw Pact states, in favor of non-intervention in the internal affairs of allies – jokingly termed the Sinatra Doctrine in a reference to the Frank Sinatra song "My Way". Question: What year did the Prague Spring take place? Answer: 1968 Question: What happened to Prague and Hungary's attempts at independence? Answer: suppressed by military force Question: Under what doctrine was the Soviet Union required to intervene in the Warsaw Pact states? Answer: Brezhnev Doctrine Question: Other than being expensive what was wrong with the Brezhnev Doctrine? Answer: oppressive Question: What is the nickname for Gorbachev's new doctrine? Answer: Sinatra Doctrine
Context: In 1629, the Massachusetts Bay Colony's first governor, John Winthrop, led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement, a key founding document of the city. Puritan ethics and their focus on education influenced its early history; America's first public school was founded in Boston in 1635. Over the next 130 years, the city participated in four French and Indian Wars, until the British defeated the French and their native allies in North America. Boston was the largest town in British North America until Philadelphia grew larger in the mid 18th century. Question: What year was the Cambridge Agreement signed? Answer: 1629 Question: America's first public school was founded in Boston in what year? Answer: 1635 Question: Who was Massachusetts first governor? Answer: John Winthrop Question: How many french and Indian wars did Boston participate in? Answer: four Question: Who led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement? Answer: John Winthrop
Context: The Communist Party of Great Britain was refused affiliation to the Labour Party between 1921 and 1923. Meanwhile, the Liberal Party declined rapidly, and the party also suffered a catastrophic split which allowed the Labour Party to gain much of the Liberals' support. With the Liberals thus in disarray, Labour won 142 seats in 1922, making it the second largest political group in the House of Commons and the official opposition to the Conservative government. After the election the now-rehabilitated Ramsay MacDonald was voted the first official leader of the Labour Party. Question: WHen was the COmmunist party refused affiliation? Answer: between 1921 and 1923 Question: HOw many seats id Labour win in 1922? Answer: 142 Question: Who was voted the first leader of the Labour Party? Answer: Ramsay MacDonald Question: When did the Communist Party refuse affiliation to the Labour Party? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What allowed the Liberals to gain much of Labour's support? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many seats did the Liberals win in 1922? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the third largest group in the House of Commons? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was voted the last official leader of the Labour Party? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The decorations were seldom displayed, however. After the Tito–Stalin split of 1948 and his inauguration as president in 1953, Tito rarely wore his uniform except when present in a military function, and then (with rare exception) only wore his Yugoslav ribbons for obvious practical reasons. The awards were displayed in full number only at his funeral in 1980. Tito's reputation as one of the Allied leaders of World War II, along with his diplomatic position as the founder of the Non-Aligned Movement, was primarily the cause of the favorable international recognition. Question: In what year did the Tito-Stalin split occur? Answer: 1948 Question: In what year was Tito inaugurated as president? Answer: 1953 Question: In what year was Tito's funeral? Answer: 1980 Question: Who was the founder of the Non-Aligned Movement? Answer: Tito Question: Who was inauguarated as President of Yugoslavia in 1953? Answer: Tito
Context: The portion of the city south of the James River is known as the Southside. Neighborhoods in the city's Southside area range from affluent and middle class suburban neighborhoods Westover Hills, Forest Hill, Southampton, Stratford Hills, Oxford, Huguenot Hills, Hobby Hill, and Woodland Heights to the impoverished Manchester and Blackwell areas, the Hillside Court housing projects, and the ailing Jefferson Davis Highway commercial corridor. Other Southside neighborhoods include Fawnbrook, Broad Rock, Cherry Gardens, Cullenwood, and Beaufont Hills. Much of Southside developed a suburban character as part of Chesterfield County before being annexed by Richmond, most notably in 1970. Question: What name is given to the part of Richmond located to the south of the James? Answer: Southside Question: Along with the affluent, what is the socioeconomic class of the inhabitants of the Southside? Answer: middle class Question: What notable public housing projects are present in the Southside? Answer: Hillside Court Question: Prior to joining Richmond, what county was a significant portion of Southside part of? Answer: Chesterfield Question: What is the economic status of the Manchester part of Richmond? Answer: impoverished
Context: The Early Cretaceous spans from 145 million to 100 million years ago. The Early Cretaceous saw the expansion of seaways, and as a result, the decline and extinction of sauropods (except in South America). Many coastal shallows were created, and that caused Ichthyosaurs to die out. Mosasaurs evolved to replace them as head of the seas. Some island-hopping dinosaurs, like Eustreptospondylus, evolved to cope with the coastal shallows and small islands of ancient Europe. Other dinosaurs rose up to fill the empty space that the Jurassic-Cretaceous extinction left behind, such as Carcharodontosaurus and Spinosaurus. Of the most successful would be the Iguanodon which spread to every continent. Seasons came back into effect and the poles got seasonally colder, but dinosaurs still inhabited this area like the Leaellynasaura which inhabited the polar forests year-round, and many dinosaurs migrated there during summer like Muttaburrasaurus. Since it was too cold for crocodiles, it was the last stronghold for large amphibians, like Koolasuchus. Pterosaurs got larger as species like Tapejara and Ornithocheirus evolved. Question: What is the span of the Early Cretaceous? Answer: 145 million to 100 million years Question: What event of the Early Cretaceous caused the extinction of several species? Answer: expansion of seaways Question: What species died out due to the expansion of coastal shallows? Answer: Ichthyosaurs Question: What species dominated the seas? Answer: Mosasaurs Question: What dinosaur spread to every continent? Answer: Iguanodon Question: What event of the Early Cretaceous caused the proliferation of several species? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What dinosaur was particularly confined to one continent? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What caused Ichthyosaurs to thrive? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which species avoided the polar areas? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What species was most similar to crocodiles? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Geologically, Plymouth has a mixture of limestone, Devonian slate, granite and Middle Devonian limestone. Plymouth Sound, Shores and Cliffs is a Site of Special Scientific Interest, because of its geology. The bulk of the city is built upon Upper Devonian slates and shales and the headlands at the entrance to Plymouth Sound are formed of Lower Devonian slates, which can withstand the power of the sea. Question: What special designation does Plymouth Sound, Shores and Cliffs possess? Answer: Site of Special Scientific Interest Question: What stones form the headlands near Plymouth Sound? Answer: Lower Devonian slates Question: Along with Devonian slate, Middle Devonian limestone and limestone, what stone provides the geologic base of Plymouth? Answer: granite Question: Along with shales, what is most of the city built on? Answer: Upper Devonian slates Question: For what reason is Plymouth Sound a Site of Special Scientific Interest? Answer: its geology
Context: Although theoretically a collegial body operating through consensus building, Gaddafi dominated the RCC, although some of the others attempted to constrain what they saw as his excesses. Gaddafi remained the government's public face, with the identities of the other RCC members only being publicly revealed on 10 January 1970. All young men from (typically rural) working and middle-class backgrounds, none had university degrees; in this way they were distinct from the wealthy, highly educated conservatives who previously governed the country. Question: How did Gaddafi staff the RCC members? Answer: All young men from (typically rural) working and middle-class backgrounds, none had university degrees; Question: Why did Gaddafi select these men as RCC members? Answer: they were distinct from the wealthy, highly educated conservatives who previously governed the country. Question: Whose face was most closely associated with Libya's new government? Answer: Gaddafi Question: Did everyone endorse Gaddafi? Answer: some of the others attempted to constrain what they saw as his excesses Question: On what date were the members of the RCC announced? Answer: 10 January 1970 Question: How many members of the RCC had graduated from university? Answer: none Question: What was the general age group of the members of the RCC? Answer: young Question: What was the sex of all the members of the RCC? Answer: men Question: Along with the working class, what was the class background of RCC members? Answer: middle
Context: During World War II, detailed invasion plans were drawn up by the Germans, but Switzerland was never attacked. Switzerland was able to remain independent through a combination of military deterrence, concessions to Germany, and good fortune as larger events during the war delayed an invasion. Under General Henri Guisan central command, a general mobilisation of the armed forces was ordered. The Swiss military strategy was changed from one of static defence at the borders to protect the economic heartland, to one of organised long-term attrition and withdrawal to strong, well-stockpiled positions high in the Alps known as the Reduit. Switzerland was an important base for espionage by both sides in the conflict and often mediated communications between the Axis and Allied powers. Question: Though invasion plans were drawn up the the Germans, which war did Switzerland escape attack during? Answer: World War II Question: Who was the head of the Swiss central command during World War II? Answer: General Henri Guisan Question: What did General Henry Guisan order a general mobilisation of during World War II? Answer: armed forces Question: What was the original goal of the Swiss military strategy? Answer: protect the economic heartland Question: What were the Reduit? Answer: strong, well-stockpiled positions high in the Alps
Context: 122nd Street is mentioned in the movie Taxi Driver by main character Travis Bickle as the location where a fellow cab driver is assaulted with a knife. The street and the surrounding neighborhood of Harlem is then referred to as "Mau Mau Land" by another character named Wizard, slang indicating it is a majority black area. Question: Who is the main character in Taxi Driver? Answer: Travis Bickle Question: What street is mentioned in the movie Taxi Driver as the location where a cab driver is assaulted? Answer: 122nd Street Question: Which character in Taxi Driver deemed 122nd Street as "Mau Mau Land"? Answer: Wizard Question: What is the term given to 122nd Street by Wizard in Taxi Driver indicating the area is majority black? Answer: "Mau Mau Land" Question: Which neighborhood surrounds 122nd Street? Answer: Harlem
Context: Physician Valerius Cordus (1515–1544) authored a botanically and pharmacologically important herbal Historia Plantarum in 1544 and a pharmacopoeia of lasting importance, the Dispensatorium in 1546. Naturalist Conrad von Gesner (1516–1565) and herbalist John Gerard (1545–c. 1611) published herbals covering the medicinal uses of plants. Naturalist Ulisse Aldrovandi (1522–1605) was considered the father of natural history, which included the study of plants. In 1665, using an early microscope, Polymath Robert Hooke discovered cells, a term he coined, in cork, and a short time later in living plant tissue. Question: Who wrote Historia Plantarum in 1544? Answer: Physician Valerius Cordus Question: What herbalist wrote about medicinal plants in the 16th century? Answer: John Gerard Question: Who is considered the father of natural history? Answer: Ulisse Aldrovandi Question: Who coined the term cells? Answer: Robert Hooke Question: In what plant were cells first discovered by microscope? Answer: cork
Context: The States General of the United Provinces were in control of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and the Dutch West India Company (WIC), but some shipping expeditions were initiated by some of the provinces, mostly Holland and/or Zeeland. Question: Who was in control of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and the Dutch West India Company (WIC)? Answer: The States General of the United Provinces Question: Some shipping expeditions were mostly initiated by which provinces? Answer: Holland and/or Zeeland Question: What companies were the shipping expedition in control of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What group was in control of Holland and Zeeland? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did the VOC and WIC initiate? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What were Holland and Zeeland in control of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What endeavor was started by the VOC and the WIC? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Policing in Greater London, with the exception of the City of London, is provided by the Metropolitan Police Service, overseen by the Mayor through the Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime (MOPAC). The City of London has its own police force – the City of London Police. The British Transport Police are responsible for police services on National Rail, London Underground, Docklands Light Railway and Tramlink services. A fourth police force in London, the Ministry of Defence Police, do not generally become involved with policing the general public. Question: Which police force in London does not typically engage in police activity with the general public? Answer: the Ministry of Defence Police Question: What area of London does the Metropolitan Police Service cover? Answer: Greater London, with the exception of the City of London Question: What agency is responsible for policing rail services in London? Answer: The British Transport Police Question: What department runs the Metropolitan Police Service? Answer: the Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime (MOPAC). Question: What is the name of the City of London's police force? Answer: the City of London Police
Context: Many early immigrant groups traveled to America to worship freely, particularly after the English Civil War and religious conflict in France and Germany. They included nonconformists like the Puritans, who were Protestant Christians fleeing religious persecution from the Anglican King of England. Despite a common background, the groups' views on religious toleration were mixed. While some such as Roger Williams of Rhode Island and William Penn of Pennsylvania ensured the protection of religious minorities within their colonies, others like the Plymouth Colony and Massachusetts Bay Colony had established churches. The Dutch colony of New Netherland established the Dutch Reformed Church and outlawed all other worship, though enforcement was sparse. Religious conformity was desired partly for financial reasons: the established Church was responsible for poverty relief, putting dissenting churches at a significant disadvantage. Question: What was one of the reason early immigrant groups came to America? Answer: to worship freely Question: What were Protestant Christians fleeing from? Answer: religious persecution Question: Who was persecuting the Puritans? Answer: King of England Question: What did William Penn ensure the protection of in his colony? Answer: religious minorities Question: What did the Plymouth Colony and Massachusetts Bay Colony both establish? Answer: churches Question: What was one of the reason late immigrant groups came to America? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What were Protestant Christians not fleeing from? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who wasn't persecuting the Puritans? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did William Penn deny the protection of in his colony? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did the Plymouth Colony and Massachusetts Bay Colony both reject? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Canadian Armed Forces have a total reserve force of approximately 50,000 primary and supplementary that can be called upon in times of national emergency or threat. For the components and sub-components of the Canadian Armed Forces Reserve Force, the order of precedence follows: Question: When can the reserve force be called upon? Answer: in times of national emergency or threat Question: What troops does The reserve force consists of? Answer: primary and supplementary Question: When can't the reserve force be called upon? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What troops does The reserve force not consist of? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The model also shows all the memory stores as being a single unit whereas research into this shows differently. For example, short-term memory can be broken up into different units such as visual information and acoustic information. In a study by Zlonoga and Gerber (1986), patient 'KF' demonstrated certain deviations from the Atkinson–Shiffrin model. Patient KF was brain damaged, displaying difficulties regarding short-term memory. Recognition of sounds such as spoken numbers, letters, words and easily identifiable noises (such as doorbells and cats meowing) were all impacted. Interestingly, visual short-term memory was unaffected, suggesting a dichotomy between visual and audial memory. Question: What are some examples of units that short-term memory can be categorized in to? Answer: visual information and acoustic information Question: Who performed a study in 1986 invovling a participant known as KF? Answer: Zlonoga and Gerber Question: What did KF disprove during this study? Answer: Atkinson–Shiffrin model. Question: What did KF have trouble doing? Answer: difficulties regarding short-term memory. Question: What did this study seem to conclude? Answer: a dichotomy between visual and audial memory. Question: What happened in a 1985 study from Zlonoga and Gerber? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which patient demonstration certain deviations from the Zlonoga-Gerber model? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What year did Atkinson and Shiffrin release their study? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was suggested when visual long-term memory was unaffected? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was damaged in KF causing difficulties to long-term memory? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The administration of London is formed of two tiers—a city-wide, strategic tier and a local tier. City-wide administration is coordinated by the Greater London Authority (GLA), while local administration is carried out by 33 smaller authorities. The GLA consists of two elected components; the Mayor of London, who has executive powers, and the London Assembly, which scrutinises the mayor's decisions and can accept or reject the mayor's budget proposals each year. The headquarters of the GLA is City Hall, Southwark; the mayor is Boris Johnson. The mayor's statutory planning strategy is published as the London Plan, which was most recently revised in 2011. The local authorities are the councils of the 32 London boroughs and the City of London Corporation. They are responsible for most local services, such as local planning, schools, social services, local roads and refuse collection. Certain functions, such as waste management, are provided through joint arrangements. In 2009–2010 the combined revenue expenditure by London councils and the GLA amounted to just over £22 billion (£14.7 billion for the boroughs and £7.4 billion for the GLA). Question: London's government administration is comprised of how many tiers? Answer: two Question: What governmental entity oversees London's city-wide administrative tier? Answer: the Greater London Authority (GLA) Question: Who is the current Mayor of London? Answer: Boris Johnson Question: How many boroughs does London consist of? Answer: 32 Question: What group of elected officials provides checks and balances on the Mayor's executive authority? Answer: the London Assembly
Context: In modern molecular biology and genetics, the genome is the genetic material of an organism. It consists of DNA (or RNA in RNA viruses). The genome includes both the genes and the non-coding sequences of the DNA/RNA. Question: In what fields of science is the genome studied? Answer: molecular biology and genetics Question: What is the content of the human genome? Answer: DNA Question: What constitutes the viral genome? Answer: RNA Question: How do scientists classify RNA as? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does a molecule contain? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is one thing that genes have? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is included in virus RNA? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What fields study molecule formation? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Corruption facilitates environmental destruction. While corrupt societies may have formal legislation to protect the environment, it cannot be enforced if officials can easily be bribed. The same applies to social rights worker protection, unionization prevention, and child labor. Violation of these laws rights enables corrupt countries to gain illegitimate economic advantage in the international market. Question: Corruption aids what as far as the environment is concerned? Answer: environmental destruction Question: Formal legislation cannot be regulated when officials are what? Answer: bribed Question: Bribes also halt unions, the protection of children in labor, and what? Answer: social rights worker protection Question: When these laws are broken, corrupt countries gain what in the international market? Answer: illegitimate economic advantage
Context: As with personae in general, a character's face or heel alignment may change with time, or remain constant over its lifetime (the most famous example of the latter is Ricky Steamboat, a WWE Hall of Famer who remained a babyface throughout his entire career). Sometimes a character's heel turn will become so popular that eventually the audience response will alter the character's heel-face cycle to the point where the heel persona will, in practice, become a face persona, and what was previously the face persona, will turn into the heel persona, such as when Dwayne Johnson first began using "The Rock" persona as a heel character, as opposed to his original "Rocky Maivia" babyface persona. Another legendary example is Stone Cold Steve Austin, who was originally booked as a heel, with such mannerisms as drinking on the job, using profanity, breaking company property, and even breaking into people's private homes. However, much to WWF's surprise, the fans enjoyed Austin's antics so much that he became one of the greatest antiheroes in the history of the business. He, along with the stable of D-Generation X, is generally credited with ushering in the Attitude Era of WWF programming. Question: Who is a wrestler who never turned? Answer: Ricky Steamboat Question: What did Stone Cold Steve Austin start as? Answer: heel Question: What was The Rock's original character? Answer: Rocky Maivia Question: What did Steve Austin become? Answer: one of the greatest antiheroes
Context: Mercury has been smelted from cinnabar for thousands of years. Mercury dissolves many metals, such as gold, silver, and tin, to form amalgams (an alloy in a soft paste, or liquid form at ambient temperature). Amalgams have been used since 200 BC in China for plating objects with precious metals, called gilding, such as armor and mirrors. The ancient Romans often used mercury-tin amalgams for gilding their armor. The amalgam was applied as a paste and then heated until the mercury vaporized, leaving the gold, silver, or tin behind. Mercury was often used in mining, to extract precious metals like gold and silver from their ores. Question: What does mercury make most metals do? Answer: dissolves Question: Since when have Amalgams been used? Answer: 200 BC Question: What did ancient Romans use to gild their armor? Answer: mercury-tin amalgams Question: Gold and silver were extracted from their ores by using? Answer: Mercury Question: What is cinnabar smelted from? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Amalgams melt mercury in what metals? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What have been used since 200 A.D. in China? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is used to plate objects with common metals? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did the Chinese use for gilding their armor? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: It seems an oracular cult existed in Delphi from the Mycenaean ages. In historical times, the priests of Delphi were called Labryaden, "the double-axe men", which indicates Minoan origin. The double-axe, labrys, was the holy symbol of the Cretan labyrinth. The Homeric hymn adds that Apollo appeared as a dolphin and carried Cretan priests to Delphi, where they evidently transferred their religious practices. Apollo Delphinios was a sea-god especially worshiped in Crete and in the islands, and his name indicates his connection with Delphi and the holy serpent Delphyne ("womb").[citation needed] Apollo's sister Artemis, who was the Greek goddess of hunting, is identified with Britomartis (Diktynna), the Minoan "Mistress of the animals". In her earliest depictions she is accompanied by the "Mister of the animals", a male god of hunting who had the bow as his attribute. His original name is unknown, but it seems that he was absorbed by the more popular Apollo, who stood by the virgin "Mistress of the Animals", becoming her brother. Question: What was the name for "the double-axe men?" Answer: Labryaden Question: What is another name for the double-axe? Answer: labrys Question: Who was the Minoan "Mistres of the animals?" Answer: Britomartis Question: Who was Apollo's sister? Answer: Artemis
Context: Articles 77–79 of the Norwegian Constitution specifically grant the monarch of Norway the right to withhold royal assent from any bill passed by the Storting. Should the sovereign ever choose to exercise this privilege, Article 79 provides a means by which his veto may be over-ridden: "If a Bill has been passed unaltered by two sessions of the Storting, constituted after two separate successive elections and separated from each other by at least two intervening sessions of the Storting, without a divergent Bill having been passed by any Storting in the period between the first and last adoption, and it is then submitted to the King with a petition that His Majesty shall not refuse his assent to a Bill which, after the most mature deliberation, the Storting considers to be beneficial, it shall become law even if the Royal Assent is not accorded before the Storting goes into recess." Question: Which articles in the Norwegian Constitution allow the monarch to reject a bill that has been passed through the Sorting? Answer: Articles 77–79 Question: Which article in the Norweigan Constitution provides a way to override a monarch's veto? Answer: Article 79 Question: How many elections are required to assend a bill that the monarch has vetoed? Answer: two Question: Articles 67-69 of the Norwegian Constitution grant what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which article provides a means by which a sovereigns' veto may not be over-ridden? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which articles of the Norwegian Constitution do not grant the monarch the right to withhold royal assent? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The monarch of New England can withhold royal assent according to which articles? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: A more sophisticated MP3 encoder can produce variable bitrate audio. MPEG audio may use bitrate switching on a per-frame basis, but only layer III decoders must support it. VBR is used when the goal is to achieve a fixed level of quality. The final file size of a VBR encoding is less predictable than with constant bitrate. Average bitrate is VBR implemented as a compromise between the two: the bitrate is allowed to vary for more consistent quality, but is controlled to remain near an average value chosen by the user, for predictable file sizes. Although an MP3 decoder must support VBR to be standards compliant, historically some decoders have bugs with VBR decoding, particularly before VBR encoders became widespread. Question: What kind of audio can a sophisticated MP3 encoder produce? Answer: variable bitrate audio Question: Which type of decoder must support bitrate switching on a per-frame basis? Answer: layer III Question: What do encoders use when the goal is to achieve a fixed level of quality? Answer: VBR Question: Using VBR instead of a constant bit rate encoding makes which part of encoding less predictable? Answer: final file size Question: An average bit rate is used when who choses an average value for the encoder to use? Answer: the user
Context: Melbourne is an international cultural centre, with cultural endeavours spanning major events and festivals, drama, musicals, comedy, music, art, architecture, literature, film and television. The climate, waterfront location and nightlife make it one of the most vibrant destinations in Australia. For five years in a row (as of 2015) it has held the top position in a survey by The Economist Intelligence Unit of the world's most liveable cities on the basis of a number of attributes which include its broad cultural offerings. The city celebrates a wide variety of annual cultural events and festivals of all types, including Australia's largest free community festival—Moomba, the Melbourne International Arts Festival, Melbourne International Film Festival, Melbourne International Comedy Festival and the Melbourne Fringe Festival. The culture of the city is an important drawcard for tourists, of which just under two million international overnight visitors and 57.7 million domestic overnight visited during the year ending March 2014. Question: Which factors make Melbourne one of the moust vibrant destinations in Australia? Answer: The climate, waterfront location and nightlife Question: For how many years in a row has Melbourne held the top position in a survey of the world's most liveable cities? Answer: five Question: What is Australia's largest free community festival? Answer: Moomba Question: How many international overnight visitors came to Melbourne during the year ending March 2014? Answer: just under two million Question: How many domestic overnight visitors came to Melbourne during the year ending March 2014? Answer: 57.7 million
Context: Richmond has a significant arts community, some of which is contained in formal public-supported venues, and some of which is more DIY, such as local privately owned galleries, and private music venues, nonprofit arts organizations, or organic and venueless arts movements (e.g., house shows, busking, itinerant folk shows). This has led to tensions, as the city Richmond City levied an "admissions tax" to fund large arts projects like CentreStage, leading to criticism that it is funding civic initiatives on the backs of the organic local culture. Traditional Virginian folk music, including blues, country, and bluegrass are also notably present, and play a large part in the annual Richmond Folk Festival. The following is a list of the more formal arts establishments (Companies, theaters, galleries, and other large venues) in Richmond: Question: What notable project was funded by Richmond's "admissions tax"? Answer: CentreStage Question: Along with blues and bluegrass, what is a type of folk music traditional to Virginia? Answer: country Question: Along with busking and itinerant folk shows, what is an example of venueless art? Answer: house shows
Context: High-definition image sources include terrestrial broadcast, direct broadcast satellite, digital cable, IPTV (including GoogleTV Roku boxes and AppleTV or built into "Smart Televisions"), Blu-ray video disc (BD), and internet downloads. Question: Roku and AppleTV are examples of what? Answer: IPTV Question: Internet downloads, Blu-ray videos, and Apple TV are examples of what? Answer: High-definition image sources Question: Terrestrial broadcast and direct broadcast satellite are examples of what? Answer: High-definition image sources Question: Digital cable and Roku are examples of what? Answer: High-definition image sources Question: Roku and AppleTV aren't examples of what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Internet downloads, Blu-ray videos, and Apple TV aren't examples of what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Digital cable and Roku aren't examples of what? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Houston is the seat of the internationally renowned Texas Medical Center, which contains the world's largest concentration of research and healthcare institutions. All 49 member institutions of the Texas Medical Center are non-profit organizations. They provide patient and preventive care, research, education, and local, national, and international community well-being. Employing more than 73,600 people, institutions at the medical center include 13 hospitals and two specialty institutions, two medical schools, four nursing schools, and schools of dentistry, public health, pharmacy, and virtually all health-related careers. It is where one of the first—and still the largest—air emergency service, Life Flight, was created, and a very successful inter-institutional transplant program was developed. More heart surgeries are performed at the Texas Medical Center than anywhere else in the world. Question: Where in Houston is the world's largest grouping of healthcare institutions? Answer: Texas Medical Center Question: How many non profit organizations are members of the Medical Center? Answer: 49 Question: How many people are employed in the Texas Medical Center? Answer: 73,600 Question: How many hospitals belong to the Medical Center group of organizations? Answer: 13 Question: What is the name of the first air emergency service? Answer: Life Flight Question: Where in Texas is the world's largest grouping of healthcare institutions? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many for-profit organizations are members of the Medical Center? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many people are employed in the Houston Medical Center? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many hospitals are outside of the Medical Center group of organizations? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The level of Hellenistic achievement in astronomy and engineering is impressively shown by the Antikythera mechanism (150–100 BC). It is a 37-gear mechanical computer which computed the motions of the Sun and Moon, including lunar and solar eclipses predicted on the basis of astronomical periods believed to have been learned from the Babylonians. Devices of this sort are not found again until the 10th century, when a simpler eight-geared luni-solar calculator incorporated into an astrolabe was described by the Persian scholar, Al-Biruni.[not in citation given] Similarly complex devices were also developed by other Muslim engineers and astronomers during the Middle Ages.[not in citation given] Question: What is the name of the 37 gear computer which noted the motions of the Sun and Moon? Answer: Antikythera mechanism Question: Until what century were similar devices like the Antikythera mechanism found? Answer: 10th Question: What Persian scholar noted the 10th century calculator similar to the Antikythera mechanism? Answer: Al-Biruni Question: What range of years is the Antikythera mechanism thought to have been created? Answer: 150–100 BC
Context: In 1980, when the stadium was in need of redesign to meet UEFA criteria, the club raised money by offering supporters the opportunity to inscribe their name on the bricks for a small fee. The idea was popular with supporters, and thousands of people paid the fee. Later this became the centre of controversy when media in Madrid picked up reports that one of the stones was inscribed with the name of long-time Real Madrid chairman and Franco supporter Santiago Bernabéu. In preparation for the 1992 Summer Olympics two tiers of seating were installed above the previous roofline. It has a current capacity of 99,354 making it the largest stadium in Europe. Question: Why did the stadium need to be redesigned in 1980? Answer: meet UEFA criteria Question: What were people allowed to do to bricks for a fee to support the stadium redesign? Answer: inscribe their name Question: How did supporters of the team view the inscriptions on bricks idea? Answer: popular Question: What name inscription was a center of controversy? Answer: Santiago Bernabéu Question: What is the capacity of the Barcelona stadium? Answer: 99,354
Context: In 2006, the animal rights organization People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), criticized Beyoncé for wearing and using fur in her clothing line House of Deréon. In 2011, she appeared on the cover of French fashion magazine L'Officiel, in blackface and tribal makeup that drew criticism from the media. A statement released from a spokesperson for the magazine said that Beyoncé's look was "far from the glamorous Sasha Fierce" and that it was "a return to her African roots". Question: Beyonce has a clothing line known as what? Answer: House of Deréon Question: Which French magazine did Beyonce show up on the cover of? Answer: L'Officiel Question: Beyonce was seen wearing what on the french magazine that caused controversy? Answer: blackface and tribal makeup Question: Which year did PETA spark controversy with Beyonce? Answer: 2006 Question: What did PETA criticize Beyonce for in 2006? Answer: for wearing and using fur Question: What French Magazine cover did the media criticize? Answer: L'Officiel Question: How was she dressed on the cover of L'Officiel? Answer: in blackface and tribal makeup Question: What French magazine did Beyoncé appear in wearing blackface and tribal makeup? Answer: L'Officiel Question: What clothing line of Beyoncé drew PETA criticism? Answer: House of Deréon. Question: What type of magazine is L'Officiel? Answer: French fashion magazine
Context: It also used to be commonplace to have a team play an exhibition against Minor League affiliates during the regular season, but worries of injuries to players, along with travel issues, have made this very rare. Exhibitions between inter-city teams in different leagues, like Chicago's Crosstown Classic and New York's Subway Series which used to be played solely as exhibitions for bragging rights are now blended into interleague play. The annual MLB All-Star Game, played in July between players from AL teams and players from NL teams, was long considered an exhibition match, but as of 2003 this status was questioned because the league whose team wins the All-Star game has been awarded home field advantage for the upcoming World Series. Question: What concerns have reduced Minor League exhibition games? Answer: worries of injuries to players, along with travel issues Question: What inter-city exhibition game did Chicago have? Answer: Crosstown Classic Question: What inter-city exhibition game did New York have? Answer: Subway Series Question: In what month is the MLB All-Star Game held? Answer: July Question: What did the MLB All-Star winning team gain in the World Series? Answer: home field advantage Question: What kind of exhibition game is still popular between major and minor league teams? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What made these type of exhibition games more popular? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of play is now for bragging rights only Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does the loser of the All-Star game get the following year Answer: Unanswerable Question: What game between two AL teams is considered an exhibition gave Answer: Unanswerable
Context: For two and a half centuries from the mid 13th, the politics in the Northern India was dominated by the Delhi Sultanate and in the Southern India by the Vijayanagar Empire which originated as a political heir of the erstwhile Hoysala Empire and Pandyan Empire. However, there were other regional powers present as well. In the North, the Rajputs were a dominant force in the Western and Central India. Their power reached to the zenith under Rana Sanga during whose time Rajput armies were constantly victorious against the Sultanate army. In the South, the Bahmani Sultanate was the chief rival of the Vijaynagara and gave Vijayanagara tough days many a times. In the early 16th century Krishnadevaraya of the Vijayanagara Empire defeated the last remnant of Bahmani Sultanate power after which the Bahmani Sultanate collapsed. It was established either by a Brahman convert or patronized by a Brahman and form that source it got the name Bahmani. In the early 16th century, it collapsed and got split into five small Deccan sultanates. In the East, the Gajapati Kingdom remained a strong regional power to reckon with, so was the Ahom Kingdom in the North-east for six centuries. Question: From the mid 13th century, what dominated politics in northern India? Answer: Delhi Sultanate Question: What empire dominated in the south of India in the 13th century? Answer: Vijayanagar Empire Question: What group dominated in western and central India at the start of the 13th century? Answer: Rajputs Question: Gajapati Kingdom was powerful in the east for how many centuries? Answer: six centuries Question: What empire beat the last Bahmani Sultanate? Answer: Vijayanagara Empire
Context: When granting assent by commission, the sovereign authorises three or more (normally five) lords who are Privy Counsellors to grant assent in his or her name. The Lords Commissioners, as the monarch's representatives are known, wear scarlet parliamentary robes and sit on a bench between the throne and the Woolsack. The Lords Reading Clerk reads the commission aloud; the senior commissioner then states, "My Lords, in obedience to Her Majesty's Commands, and by virtue of the Commission which has been now read, We do declare and notify to you, the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons in Parliament assembled, that Her Majesty has given Her Royal Assent to the several Acts in the Commission mentioned." Question: How many lords are usually present during assent by Commissioner? Answer: five Question: What do the Lords Commissioners wear to a ceremony of assent? Answer: scarlet parliamentary robes Question: Which commissioner reads the formal closing statement to the assention ceremony? Answer: the senior Question: Which position reads the commisssion aloud during tthe ceremony? Answer: The Lords Reading Clerk Question: Who reads the commission silently? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The junior commissioner makes a statement after whom? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The king's representatives are know as whom? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many commoners are involved in granting assent by commission? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who wears blue parliamentary robes? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Hayek's work on the microeconomics of the choice theoretics of investment, non-permanent goods, potential permanent resources, and economically-adapted permanent resources mark a central dividing point between his work in areas of macroeconomics and that of almost all other economists. Hayek's work on the macroeconomic subjects of central planning, trade cycle theory, the division of knowledge, and entrepreneurial adaptation especially, differ greatly from the opinions of macroeconomic "Marshallian" economists in the tradition of John Maynard Keynes and the microeconomic "Walrasian" economists in the tradition of Abba Lerner. Question: In what economic field of study does Hayek's views differ from those in macroeconomics? Answer: microeconomics Question: What is the term used to describe economists following Keynes school of thought? Answer: "Marshallian" Question: Whose works inspire the term "Walrasian" in economics? Answer: Abba Lerner
Context: Legendary Princess Bhrikuti (7th-century) and artist Araniko (1245 - 1306 AD) from that tradition of Kathmandu valley played a significant role in spreading Buddhism in Tibet and China. There are over 108 traditional monasteries (Bahals and Bahis) in Kathmandu based on Newar Buddhism. Since the 1960s, the permanent Tibetan Buddhist population of Kathmandu has risen significantly so that there are now over fifty Tibetan Buddhist monasteries in the area. Also, with the modernization of Newar Buddhism, various Theravada Bihars have been established. Question: In what century was Bhrikuti said to live? Answer: 7th Question: When did Araniko die? Answer: 1306 Question: What religion did Araniko help to evangelize? Answer: Buddhism Question: How many Newar Buddhist monasteries are present in Kathmandu? Answer: 108 Question: Approximately how many monasteries in the Kathmandu area are run by Tibetan Buddhists? Answer: fifty
Context: In 1928, Nasser went to Alexandria to live with his maternal grandfather and attend the city's Attarin elementary school. He left in 1929 for a private boarding school in Helwan, and later returned to Alexandria to enter the Ras el-Tin secondary school and to join his father, who was working for the city's postal service. It was in Alexandria that Nasser became involved in political activism. After witnessing clashes between protesters and police in Manshia Square, he joined the demonstration without being aware of its purpose. The protest, organized by the ultranationalist Young Egypt Society, called for the end of colonialism in Egypt in the wake of the 1923 Egyptian constitution's annulment by Prime Minister Isma'il Sidqi. Nasser was arrested and detained for a night before his father bailed him out. Question: What elementary school did Nasser attend? Answer: Attarin Question: Where did Nasser go to boarding school? Answer: Helwan Question: What secondary school did Nasser attend? Answer: Ras el-Tin Question: Where did young Nasser witness demonstrations? Answer: Manshia Square Question: What organization organized the protests Nasser witnessed? Answer: Young Egypt Society
Context: The vocabulary (mainly abstract and literary words), principles of word formations, and, to some extent, inflections and literary style of Russian have been also influenced by Church Slavonic, a developed and partly russified form of the South Slavic Old Church Slavonic language used by the Russian Orthodox Church. However, the East Slavic forms have tended to be used exclusively in the various dialects that are experiencing a rapid decline. In some cases, both the East Slavic and the Church Slavonic forms are in use, with many different meanings. For details, see Russian phonology and History of the Russian language. Question: What language does the Russian Orthodox Church use? Answer: South Slavic Old Church Slavonic Question: What kind of words in Russian have been influenced by Church Slavonic? Answer: mainly abstract and literary words Question: What word forms are used together in some cases? Answer: East Slavic and the Church Slavonic Question: What church uses mainly the Russian language? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What has the Russian Orthodox Church been experiencing in attendance recently? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What has the vocabulary of East Slavic been influenced by? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many meanings are there in modern forms of Russian? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What has the literary style of East Slavic been influenced by? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Several notable features have been removed in Windows 8, beginning with the traditional Start menu. Support for playing DVD-Video was removed from Windows Media Player due to the cost of licensing the necessary decoders (especially for devices which do not include optical disc drives at all) and the prevalence of online streaming services. For the same reasons, Windows Media Center is not included by default on Windows 8, but Windows Media Center and DVD playback support can be purchased in the "Pro Pack" (which upgrades the system to Windows 8 Pro) or "Media Center Pack" add-on for Windows 8 Pro. As with prior versions, third-party DVD player software can still be used to enable DVD playback. Question: Why was the ability to play DVD-Video taken off of Windows Media Player? Answer: the cost of licensing the necessary decoders Question: What does the Pro Pack do? Answer: upgrades the system to Windows 8 Pro Question: Which main feature was removed in Windows 8? Answer: the traditional Start menu Question: Why was the ability to play BR-Video taken off of Windows Media Player? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why was the ability to play DVD-Video taken off of Windows Picture Player? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What doesn't the Pro Pack do? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does the Mod Pack do? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which main feature was removed in Windows 9? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: They do not work in industries associated with the military, do not serve in the armed services, and refuse national military service, which in some countries may result in their arrest and imprisonment. They do not salute or pledge allegiance to flags or sing national anthems or patriotic songs. Jehovah's Witnesses see themselves as a worldwide brotherhood that transcends national boundaries and ethnic loyalties. Sociologist Ronald Lawson has suggested the religion's intellectual and organizational isolation, coupled with the intense indoctrination of adherents, rigid internal discipline and considerable persecution, has contributed to the consistency of its sense of urgency in its apocalyptic message. Question: What industries do Jehovah Witnesses avoid working in? Answer: associated with the military Question: What may a Jehovah Witnesses' refusal to serve in the natural military service result in, in some countries? Answer: their arrest and imprisonment Question: What do Jehovah Witnesses see themselves as, which transcends national boundaries and ethnic loyalties? Answer: a worldwide brotherhood Question: What profession is Ronald Lawson? Answer: Sociologist Question: What does Lawson suggest has contributed to the consistency of the sense of urgency in Jehovah Witnesses' apocalyptic message? Answer: intellectual and organizational isolation Question: Who is one of the most prominent outside supporters of Witnesses? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who suggested that Jehovah's Witnesses live socially healthy lives free of paranoia about others not of their religion? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What religion is Sociologist Ronald Lawson? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is one of the Protestant religion which is fine with their members joining the military? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are United Methodists allowed to do? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: While the Concordat restored much power to the papacy, the balance of church-state relations had tilted firmly in Napoleon's favour. He selected the bishops and supervised church finances. Napoleon and the pope both found the Concordat useful. Similar arrangements were made with the Church in territories controlled by Napoleon, especially Italy and Germany. Now, Napoleon could win favor with the Catholics while also controlling Rome in a political sense. Napoleon said in April 1801, "Skillful conquerors have not got entangled with priests. They can both contain them and use them." French children were issued a catechism that taught them to love and respect Napoleon. Question: The Concodat restored significant power to what position? Answer: the papacy Question: Despite the Concordat, the balance of the relationship between the church and state had swung in whose favor? Answer: Napoleon's Question: Other than Napoleon, who else found the Concordat to be of use? Answer: the pope Question: The children of France were given a catechism that taught them to love and respect whom? Answer: Napoleon Question: In what year did Napoleon say that skilled rulers were able to both control and use priests? Answer: 1801
Context: A brash boosterism that had typified Melbourne during this time ended in the early 1890s with a severe depression of the city's economy, sending the local finance and property industries into a period of chaos during which 16 small "land banks" and building societies collapsed, and 133 limited companies went into liquidation. The Melbourne financial crisis was a contributing factor in the Australian economic depression of the 1890s and the Australian banking crisis of 1893. The effects of the depression on the city were profound, with virtually no new construction until the late 1890s. Question: When did severe depression hit Melbourne's city? Answer: 1890s Question: What went into liquidation in Melbourne around the 1890's? Answer: 16 small "land banks" and building societies collapsed, and 133 limited companies Question: When did new construction start in Melbourne? Answer: late 1890s Question: When did Australia have a banking crisis? Answer: 1893. Question: During what decade did Melbourne suffer a sever economic depression? Answer: early 1890s Question: How many "land banks" and building societies collapsed during the 1890s depression in Melbourne? Answer: 16 Question: How many limited companies went into liquidation during the 1890s depression in Melbourne? Answer: 133 Question: The Melbourne financial crisis was a contributing factor to what banking crisis in 1893? Answer: Australian Question: When did new construction start to reimerge after the early 1890s depression in Melbourne? Answer: late 1890s
Context: The day after the Pact was signed, the French and British military negotiation delegation urgently requested a meeting with Soviet military negotiator Kliment Voroshilov. On August 25, Voroshilov told them "[i]n view of the changed political situation, no useful purpose can be served in continuing the conversation." That day, Hitler told the British ambassador to Berlin that the pact with the Soviets prevented Germany from facing a two front war, changing the strategic situation from that in World War I, and that Britain should accept his demands regarding Poland. Question: What was the response of Kliment Voroshilov in regards to further conversations with Britain and France? Answer: no useful purpose Question: Who should accept the annexation of Poland? Answer: Britain Question: By accepting the deal with the USSR, Hitler admitted that it prevented what? Answer: facing a two front war Question: What was the response of Kliment Voroshilov in regards to no further conversations with Britain and France? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the response of Kliment Voroshilov in regards to further conversations without Britain and France? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who shouldn't accept the annexation of Poland? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who should deny the annexation of Poland? Answer: Unanswerable Question: By rejecting the deal with the USSR, Hitler admitted that it prevented what? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: While slaveholding was slightly less concentrated than in some Southern states, according to the 1860 census, more than 330,000 people, or 33% of the population of 992,622, were enslaved African Americans. They lived and worked chiefly on plantations in the eastern Tidewater. In addition, 30,463 free people of color lived in the state. They were also concentrated in the eastern coastal plain, especially at port cities such as Wilmington and New Bern, where a variety of jobs were available. Free African Americans were allowed to vote until 1835, when the state revoked their suffrage in restrictions following the slave rebellion of 1831 led by Nat Turner. Southern slave codes criminalized willful killing of a slave in most cases. Question: In 1860, what percent of the North Carolina population were slaves? Answer: 33 Question: Where were most of the slaves in North Carolina located? Answer: eastern Tidewater Question: What type of land did the slaves live on? Answer: plantations Question: How many free people of color lived in NC in 1860? Answer: 30,463 Question: Where were the free people of color located in north carolina in 1860? Answer: eastern coastal plain
Context: The Cork School of Music and the Crawford College of Art and Design provide a throughput of new blood, as do the active theatre components of several courses at University College Cork (UCC). Highlights include: Corcadorca Theatre Company, of which Cillian Murphy was a troupe member prior to Hollywood fame; the Institute for Choreography and Dance, a national contemporary dance resource;[citation needed] the Triskel Arts Centre (capacity c.90), which includes the Triskel Christchurch independent cinema; dance venue the Firkin Crane (capacity c.240); the Cork Academy of Dramatic Art (CADA) and Graffiti Theatre Company; and the Cork Jazz Festival, Cork Film Festival, and Live at the Marquee events. The Everyman Palace Theatre (capacity c.650) and the Granary Theatre (capacity c.150) both play host to dramatic plays throughout the year. Question: Where is a good place to find dramatic plays all year in Cork? Answer: The Everyman Palace Theatre (capacity c.650) and the Granary Theatre (capacity c.150) Question: Which Hollywood actress first began in Cork at the Corcadorca Theatre Company? Answer: Cillian Murphy Question: What is a major dance venue in Cork? Answer: the Firkin Crane (capacity c.240) Question: What are someplaces that you could study drama and therter in Cork? Answer: Cork Academy of Dramatic Art (CADA) and Graffiti Theatre Company Question: WHat are some festivals or events of note in Cork? Answer: the Cork Jazz Festival, Cork Film Festival, and Live at the Marquee Question: What star left Hollywood to join the Corcadorca Theater Company? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What institute is a regional dance resource? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was a member of the Graffiti Theatre Company before they became famous in Hollywood? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What two theatres are located close to Hollywood? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is a major dance venue popular in Hollywood? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What cinema is included at the Graffiti Theatre Company? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is provided by CADA? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: If bacteria form a parasitic association with other organisms, they are classed as pathogens. Pathogenic bacteria are a major cause of human death and disease and cause infections such as tetanus, typhoid fever, diphtheria, syphilis, cholera, foodborne illness, leprosy and tuberculosis. A pathogenic cause for a known medical disease may only be discovered many years after, as was the case with Helicobacter pylori and peptic ulcer disease. Bacterial diseases are also important in agriculture, with bacteria causing leaf spot, fire blight and wilts in plants, as well as Johne's disease, mastitis, salmonella and anthrax in farm animals. Question: What are the pathogenes? Answer: bacteria form a parasitic association with other organisms Question: What can pathogenes cause? Answer: human death and disease Question: Can cause for most pathogenic diseases be found soon? Answer: may only be discovered many years after
Context: Neptune is not visible to the unaided eye and is the only planet in the Solar System found by mathematical prediction rather than by empirical observation. Unexpected changes in the orbit of Uranus led Alexis Bouvard to deduce that its orbit was subject to gravitational perturbation by an unknown planet. Neptune was subsequently observed with a telescope on 23 September 1846 by Johann Galle within a degree of the position predicted by Urbain Le Verrier. Its largest moon, Triton, was discovered shortly thereafter, though none of the planet's remaining known 14 moons were located telescopically until the 20th century. The planet's distance from Earth gives it a very small apparent size, making it challenging to study with Earth-based telescopes. Neptune was visited by Voyager 2, when it flew by the planet on 25 August 1989. The advent of Hubble Space Telescope and large ground-based telescopes with adaptive optics has recently allowed for additional detailed observations from afar. Question: How was Neptune found? Answer: mathematical prediction Question: Who discovered Neptune? Answer: Alexis Bouvard Question: When was Neptune first observed? Answer: 23 September 1846 Question: What is Neptune's largest moon? Answer: Triton Question: What flew by Neptune in 1989? Answer: Voyager 2 Question: What is the only planet in the solar system found by empirical observation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What led Bouvard to deduce Neptune was subject to gravitational perturbation of an unknown planet? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who discovered Uranus? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who observed neptune with a telescope in the 18th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did Voyager 1 fligh by neptune? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How was Neptune missed before it was found? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who didn't discover Neptune? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was Neptune last observed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is Neptune's smallest moon? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What flew by Neptune in 1988? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Department of the Air Force is one of three military departments within the Department of Defense, and is managed by the civilian Secretary of the Air Force, under the authority, direction, and control of the Secretary of Defense. The senior officials in the Office of the Secretary are the Under Secretary of the Air Force, four Assistant Secretaries of the Air Force and the General Counsel, all of whom are appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. The senior uniformed leadership in the Air Staff is made up of the Chief of Staff of the Air Force and the Vice Chief of Staff of the Air Force. Question: Who is the Department of the Air Force managed by? Answer: Secretary of the Air Force Question: Who does the Secretary of the Air Force report to? Answer: Secretary of Defense Question: Who appoints the top positions in the USAF, including the Assistant Secretaries and General Council? Answer: President Question: Upon whom does the President call on for support in his appointments to the USAF? Answer: Senate Question: Who does the senior leadership roles in the USAF include? Answer: Chief of Staff of the Air Force and the Vice Chief of Staff of the Air Force
Context: In the American Old West, policing was often of very poor quality.[citation needed] The Army often provided some policing alongside poorly resourced sheriffs and temporarily organized posses.[citation needed] Public organizations were supplemented by private contractors, notably the Pinkerton National Detective Agency, which was hired by individuals, businessmen, local governments and the federal government. At its height, the Pinkerton Agency's numbers exceeded those of the United States Army.[citation needed] Question: What were the Old West's local police options? Answer: poorly resourced sheriffs and temporarily organized posses Question: Which military branch helped the Old West's inadequate local police? Answer: The Army Question: Which private contractor acted as police for businesses? Answer: Pinkerton National Detective Agency Question: Which military branch did the Pinkertons exceed at their height? Answer: Army Question: What were the New West's local police options? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What were the Old West's national police options? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which military branch fought the Old West's inadequate local police? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which public contractor acted as police for businesses? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which military branch did the Pinkertons never exceed at their height? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In the 19th century, musical institutions emerged from the control of wealthy patrons, as composers and musicians could construct lives independent of the nobility. Increasing interest in music by the growing middle classes throughout western Europe spurred the creation of organizations for the teaching, performance, and preservation of music. The piano, which achieved its modern construction in this era (in part due to industrial advances in metallurgy) became widely popular with the middle class, whose demands for the instrument spurred a large number of piano builders. Many symphony orchestras date their founding to this era. Some musicians and composers were the stars of the day; some, like Franz Liszt and Niccolò Paganini, fulfilled both roles. Question: Who controlled musical institutions before the 19th century? Answer: wealthy patrons Question: Composers and musicians began to construct lives independent of what in the 19th century? Answer: the nobility Question: What class increased it's interest in music during the 19th century? Answer: middle classes Question: What instrument became widely popular in the middle class in the 19th century? Answer: The piano Question: The 19th century marks the foundation of many what? Answer: symphony orchestras
Context: The first half of the 14th century saw much important scientific work being done, largely within the framework of scholastic commentaries on Aristotle's scientific writings. William of Ockham introduced the principle of parsimony: natural philosophers should not postulate unnecessary entities, so that motion is not a distinct thing but is only the moving object and an intermediary "sensible species" is not needed to transmit an image of an object to the eye. Scholars such as Jean Buridan and Nicole Oresme started to reinterpret elements of Aristotle's mechanics. In particular, Buridan developed the theory that impetus was the cause of the motion of projectiles, which was a first step towards the modern concept of inertia. The Oxford Calculators began to mathematically analyze the kinematics of motion, making this analysis without considering the causes of motion. Question: Who pioneered parsimony? Answer: William of Ockham Question: What theory is based off of projectiles' motion? Answer: impetus Question: What theory did impetus pave the way for? Answer: inertia Question: What did the Oxford Calculators measure? Answer: the kinematics of motion
Context: Catalan shares many traits with its neighboring Romance languages. However, despite being mostly situated in the Iberian Peninsula, Catalan differs more from Iberian Romance (such as Spanish and Portuguese) in terms of vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar than from Gallo-Romance (Occitan, French, Gallo-Italic languages, etc.). These similarities are most notable with Occitan. Question: What does Catalan have in common with other Romance languages in the same area? Answer: many traits Question: Where is Catalonia located? Answer: Iberian Peninsula Question: What other Iberian Romance languages are found in this area? Answer: Spanish and Portuguese Question: Besides vocabulary and grammar, what other diffinence is there from other similar area languages? Answer: pronunciation Question: What are these similar Latin derived languages called? Answer: Gallo-Romance
Context: Common forms of antibiotic misuse include excessive use of prophylactic antibiotics in travelers and failure of medical professionals to prescribe the correct dosage of antibiotics on the basis of the patient's weight and history of prior use. Other forms of misuse include failure to take the entire prescribed course of the antibiotic, incorrect dosage and administration, or failure to rest for sufficient recovery. Inappropriate antibiotic treatment, for example, is their prescription to treat viral infections such as the common cold. One study on respiratory tract infections found "physicians were more likely to prescribe antibiotics to patients who appeared to expect them". Multifactorial interventions aimed at both physicians and patients can reduce inappropriate prescription of antibiotics. Question: What is a way of improperly using antibiotics for those traveling? Answer: prophylactic antibiotics Question: What can happen if a doctor doesn't prescribe to a person's weight and prior use? Answer: failure of medical professionals to prescribe the correct dosage Question: What are 3 other common forms of bad antibiotic practices? Answer: failure to take the entire prescribed course of the antibiotic, incorrect dosage and administration, or failure to rest for sufficient recovery Question: What happens when a cold is treated with antibiotics? Answer: Inappropriate antibiotic treatment Question: What do doctors usually do when a patient seems to want antibiotics even though they may not be right? Answer: prescribe antibiotics Question: What is a way of improperly using rest for those traveling? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What can happen if a doctor doesn't prescribe to a person's traveling? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are 3 other common forms of bad viral infections? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What happens when a physician is treated with antibiotics? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do doctors usually do when a patient seems to want the common cold even though they may not be right? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The New York City Public Schools system, managed by the New York City Department of Education, is the largest public school system in the United States, serving about 1.1 million students in more than 1,700 separate primary and secondary schools. The city's public school system includes nine specialized high schools to serve academically and artistically gifted students. Question: What city department runs the public school system? Answer: New York City Department of Education Question: How many students are in New York City public schools? Answer: 1.1 million Question: About how many public schools are there in New York City? Answer: 1,700 Question: How many high schools for gifted students does New York City have? Answer: nine Question: How many students regularly attend schools in NYC? Answer: 1.1 million Question: How many highschools are specialized in NYC? Answer: nine
Context: By the Treaty of Paris (1763), France regained the five establishments captured by the British during the war (Pondichéry, Mahe, Karikal, Yanam and Chandernagar) but was prevented from erecting fortifications and keeping troops in Bengal (art. XI). Elsewhere in India, the French were to remain a military threat, particularly during the War of American Independence, and up to the capture of Pondichéry in 1793 at the outset of the French Revolutionary Wars without any military presence. Although these small outposts remained French possessions for the next two hundred years, French ambitions on Indian territories were effectively laid to rest, thus eliminating a major source of economic competition for the company. Question: what year was the Treaty of Paris agreed on? Answer: 1763 Question: The treaty of Paris return how many esablishment captured by the British? Answer: five Question: The Treaty of Paris prevented France from keeping troops in what location? Answer: Bengal Question: in 1793 what war was the french involded in even without a big military presences? Answer: French Revolutionary Wars Question: What year was the Treaty of Paris disagreed on? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many establishments captured by the British were destroyed after the treaty of Paris? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What location was France allowed to send troops due to the Treaty of Paris? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What war was the French involved in with a big military presence in 1793? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In February 2016, it was confirmed by BBC Worldwide that Keeping Up Appearances is the corporation's most exported television programme, being sold nearly 1000 times to overseas broadcasters. Question: As of early 2016, what BBC show has been sold outside of the country the most times? Answer: Keeping Up Appearances Question: How many sales of Keeping Up Appearances have been made to non-British buyers? Answer: nearly 1000 Question: Who announced the status of Keeping Up Appearances as the most exported BBC show? Answer: BBC Worldwide Question: What was confirmed about Keeping Up With Appearances? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many times was Keeping Up Appearances sold to overseas broadcasters? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: During the English Civil War Plymouth sided with the Parliamentarians and was besieged for almost four years by the Royalists. The last major attack by the Royalist was by Sir Richard Grenville leading thousands of soldiers towards Plymouth, but they were defeated by the Plymothians at Freedom Fields Park. The civil war ended as a Parliamentary win, but monarchy was restored by King Charles II in 1660, who imprisoned many of the Parliamentary heroes on Drake's Island. Construction of the Royal Citadel began in 1665, after the Restoration; it was armed with cannon facing both out to sea and into the town, rumoured to be a reminder to residents not to oppose the Crown. Mount Batten tower also dates from around this time. Question: Which faction did Plymouth support during the English Civil War? Answer: Parliamentarians Question: For how many years was Plymouth under siege during the English Civil War? Answer: four Question: Where did the last battle for Plymouth during the English Civil War end? Answer: Freedom Fields Park Question: In what year did Charles II ascend to the throne? Answer: 1660 Question: What locale was used to house imprisoned Parliamentarians after the restoration of Charles II? Answer: Drake's Island
Context: Britain retains sovereignty over 14 territories outside the British Isles, which were renamed the British Overseas Territories in 2002. Some are uninhabited except for transient military or scientific personnel; the remainder are self-governing to varying degrees and are reliant on the UK for foreign relations and defence. The British government has stated its willingness to assist any Overseas Territory that wishes to proceed to independence, where that is an option. British sovereignty of several of the overseas territories is disputed by their geographical neighbours: Gibraltar is claimed by Spain, the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands are claimed by Argentina, and the British Indian Ocean Territory is claimed by Mauritius and Seychelles. The British Antarctic Territory is subject to overlapping claims by Argentina and Chile, while many countries do not recognise any territorial claims in Antarctica. Question: How many overseas territories does Britain still have? Answer: 14 Question: When did Britain decide to call its territories the British Overseas Territories? Answer: 2002 Question: Which country besides Britain claims Gibraltar? Answer: Spain Question: Which country besides Britain claims the Falkland Islands? Answer: Argentina Question: Which country besides Britain claims the South Sandwich Islands? Answer: Argentina
Context: Most legal theorists believe that the rule of law has purely formal characteristics, meaning that the law must be publicly declared, with prospective application, and possess the characteristics of generality, equality, and certainty, but there are no requirements with regard to the content of the law. Others, including a few legal theorists, believe that the rule of law necessarily entails protection of individual rights. Within legal theory, these two approaches to the rule of law are seen as the two basic alternatives, respectively labelled the formal and substantive approaches. Still, there are other views as well. Some believe that democracy is part of the rule of law. Question: According to legal theorists, what characteristics must the rule of law have? Answer: generality, equality, and certainty Question: According to some, what is the rule of law is formed to protect? Answer: individual rights Question: What system of government is considered as a component of the rule of law? Answer: democracy Question: According to some legal theorists, for what are there no requirements for something to be considered a law? Answer: content Question: What are the two approaches to defining the concept of the rule of law? Answer: formal and substantive Question: Who believes that the rule of law has no formal characteristics? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What characteristics do most legal theorists say the rule of law cannot possess? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does not protect individual rights? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What two concepts defined rule without law? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In 1966 The Blind Beggar in Whitechapel became infamous as the scene of a murder committed by gangster Ronnie Kray. The Ten Bells is associated with several of the victims of Jack the Ripper. In 1955, Ruth Ellis, the last woman executed in the United Kingdom, shot David Blakely as he emerged from The Magdala in South Hill Park, Hampstead, the bullet holes can still be seen in the walls outside. It is said that Vladimir Lenin and a young Joseph Stalin met in the Crown and Anchor pub (now known as The Crown Tavern) on Clerkenwell Green when the latter was visiting London in 1903. Question: At what pub did Ronnie Kray kill someone in 1966? Answer: The Blind Beggar Question: What pub is associated with some of Jack the Ripper's victims? Answer: The Ten Bells Question: Outside what pub was David Blakely shot? Answer: The Magdala Question: What is the present name of the former Crown and Anchor? Answer: The Crown Tavern Question: In what year did Joseph Stalin visit London? Answer: 1903
Context: The final chapter reviews points from earlier chapters, and Darwin concludes by hoping that his theory might produce revolutionary changes in many fields of natural history. Although he avoids the controversial topic of human origins in the rest of the book so as not to prejudice readers against his theory, here he ventures a cautious hint that psychology would be put on a new foundation and that "Light will be thrown on the origin of man". Darwin ends with a passage that became well known and much quoted: Question: What hopes does Darwin have for his theory in the natural history fields? Answer: that his theory might produce revolutionary changes Question: Why did Darwin avoid the topic of the origins of humans in most of his book? Answer: so as not to prejudice readers against his theory Question: What does Darwin allude to hoping in the final chapter of On the Origin of Species about humans? Answer: that psychology would be put on a new foundation and that "Light will be thrown on the origin of man"
Context: In the Republic of China (Taiwan), which uses traditional Chinese characters, the Ministry of Education's Chángyòng Guózì Biāozhǔn Zìtǐ Biǎo (常用國字標準字體表, Chart of Standard Forms of Common National Characters) lists 4,808 characters; the Cì Chángyòng Guózì Biāozhǔn Zìtǐ Biǎo (次常用國字標準字體表, Chart of Standard Forms of Less-Than-Common National Characters) lists another 6,341 characters. The Chinese Standard Interchange Code (CNS11643)—the official national encoding standard—supports 48,027 characters, while the most widely used encoding scheme, BIG-5, supports only 13,053. Question: What supports 48,027 characters? Answer: the official national encoding standard Question: What supports 13,053 characters? Answer: BIG-5 Question: What area uses traditional Chinese characters? Answer: Taiwan
Context: The Chamorros, Guam's indigenous people, settled the island approximately 4,000 years ago. Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan was the first European to visit the island on March 6, 1521. Guam was colonized in 1668 with settlers, like Diego Luis de San Vitores, a Catholic missionary. Between the 1500s and the 1700s, Guam was an important stopover for the Spanish Manila Galleons. During the Spanish–American War, the United States captured Guam on June 21, 1898. Under the Treaty of Paris, Spain ceded Guam to the United States on December 10, 1898. Guam is amongst the seventeen Non-Self-Governing Territories of the United Nations. Question: What is the official name given for Guam's indigenous people? Answer: Chamorros Question: When did Guam's indigenous people first arrive? Answer: 4,000 years ago Question: Who was the first European to visit the island? Answer: Ferdinand Magellan Question: What year was Guam colonized? Answer: 1668 Question: What year did the United States capture Guam? Answer: 1898 Question: Which nationality first colonized Guam? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the Treaty of Paris established? Answer: Unanswerable Question: On what date in 1668 did Diego Luis de San Vitores land on Guam? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In which year did the first Spanish Manila Galleon make port in Guam? Answer: Unanswerable Question: On what date in 1521 did Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan leave Guam? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In January 1871, George Jackson Mivart's On the Genesis of Species listed detailed arguments against natural selection, and claimed it included false metaphysics. Darwin made extensive revisions to the sixth edition of the Origin (this was the first edition in which he used the word "evolution" which had commonly been associated with embryological development, though all editions concluded with the word "evolved"), and added a new chapter VII, Miscellaneous objections, to address Mivart's arguments. Question: What did On the Genesis of Species argue against natural selection? Answer: claimed it included false metaphysics Question: Who wrote On the Genesis of Species? Answer: George Jackson Mivart Question: When did Charles Darwin first use the word "evolution" in On the Origin of Species? Answer: the sixth edition Question: What did Charles Darwin do to address Mivart's arguments? Answer: added a new chapter VII, Question: What was chapter VII entitled? Answer: Miscellaneous objections
Context: On June 12, 1990, the Congress of People's Deputies adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty. On June 12, 1991, Boris Yeltsin was elected the first President. On December 8, 1991, heads of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus signed the Belavezha Accords. The agreement declared dissolution of the USSR by its founder states (i.e. denunciation of 1922 Treaty on the Creation of the USSR) and established the CIS. On December 12, the agreement was ratified by the Russian Parliament, therefore Russian SFSR denounced the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR and de facto declared Russia's independence from the USSR. Question: On what date was the Declaration of State Sovereignty adopted? Answer: June 12, 1990 Question: Who became president on June 12, 1991? Answer: Boris Yeltsin Question: On what date were the Belavezha Accords signed? Answer: December 8, 1991 Question: When did the Russian Parliament ratify the Belavezha Accords? Answer: December 12 Question: What agreement did the Belavezha Accords supersede? Answer: 1922 Treaty on the Creation of the USSR Question: On what date was the Declaration of State Sovereignty rejected? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who became prime minister on June 12, 1991? Answer: Unanswerable Question: On what date were the Belavezha Accords rejected? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did the Russian Parliament reject the Belavezha Accords? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What agreement did the Belavezha Accords superimpose? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: With Burma preoccupied by the Chinese threat, Ayutthaya recovered its territories by 1770, and went on to capture Lan Na by 1776. Burma and Siam went to war until 1855, but all resulted in a stalemate, exchanging Tenasserim (to Burma) and Lan Na (to Ayutthaya). Faced with a powerful China and a resurgent Ayutthaya in the east, King Bodawpaya turned west, acquiring Arakan (1785), Manipur (1814) and Assam (1817). It was the second-largest empire in Burmese history but also one with a long ill-defined border with British India. Question: What was the event called that caused Ayutthaya to reclaim lost territories ? Answer: the Chinese threat Question: In what year did Ayutthaya capture Lan Na ? Answer: 1776. Question: What country was Burma at war with with until 1855 ? Answer: Arakan Question: Who managed to eventually control the territory of Arakan Answer: King Bodawpaya
Context: On the afternoon of Gaddafi's death, NTC Prime Minister Mahmoud Jibril publicly revealed the news. Gaddafi's corpse was placed in the freezer of a local market alongside the corpses of Yunis Jabr and Mutassim; the bodies were publicly displayed for four days, with Libyans from all over the country coming to view them. In response to international calls, on 24 October Jibril announced that a commission would investigate Gaddafi's death. On 25 October, the NTC announced that Gaddafi had been buried at an unidentified location in the desert; Al Aan TV showed amateur video footage of the funeral. Seeking vengeance for the killing, Gaddafist sympathisers fatally wounded one of those who had captured Gaddafi, Omran Shaaban, near Bani Walid in September 2012. Question: Who was the prime minister of the NTC? Answer: Mahmoud Jibril Question: For how many days was Gaddafi's corpse displayed in public? Answer: four Question: Who was killed by Gaddafi supporters for his role in Gaddafi's capture? Answer: Omran Shaaban Question: Near what town was Oran Shaaban killed? Answer: Bani Walid Question: On what date did the NTC announce Gaddafi's burial? Answer: 25 October
Context: According to conservation of energy, energy can neither be created (produced) nor destroyed by itself. It can only be transformed. The total inflow of energy into a system must equal the total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system. Energy is subject to a strict global conservation law; that is, whenever one measures (or calculates) the total energy of a system of particles whose interactions do not depend explicitly on time, it is found that the total energy of the system always remains constant. Question: According to what, energy can neither be created nor destroyed by itself? Answer: conservation of energy Question: The total inflow of energy into a system must equal what? Answer: total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system Question: What can neither be created nor destroyed by itself; it can only be transformed? Answer: energy Question: According to what, energy can either be created or destroyed by itself? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The total inflow of energy into a system must not equal what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What can neither be created nor destroyed by itself and can't be transformed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: whose interactions depend explicitly on time? Answer: Unanswerable Question: total energy of the system never remains what? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The rebel barons responded by inviting the French prince Louis to lead them: Louis had a claim to the English throne by virtue of his marriage to Blanche of Castile, a granddaughter of Henry II. Philip may have provided him with private support but refused to openly support Louis, who was excommunicated by Innocent for taking part in the war against John. Louis' planned arrival in England presented a significant problem for John, as the prince would bring with him naval vessels and siege engines essential to the rebel cause. Once John contained Alexander in Scotland, he marched south to deal with the challenge of the coming invasion. Question: The rebel barons invited who to lead them? Answer: French prince Louis Question: Who was Henry II's granddaughter? Answer: Blanche of Castile Question: What did John do once he contained Alexander in Scotland? Answer: he marched south to deal with the challenge of the coming invasion
Context: Santa Monica has a bike action plan and recently launched a Bicycle sharing system in November 2015. The city is traversed by the Marvin Braude Bike Trail. Santa Monica has received the Bicycle Friendly Community Award (Bronze in 2009, Silver in 2013) by the League of American Bicyclists. Local bicycle advocacy organizations include Santa Monica Spoke, a local chapter of the Los Angeles County Bicycle Coalition. Santa Monica is thought to be one of the leaders for bicycle infrastructure and programming in Los Angeles County.[citation needed] Question: What plan launched a Bicycle sharing system? Answer: bike action Question: When was Santa Monica's Bicycle sharing system launched? Answer: November 2015 Question: What is the name of the bike trail that goes through Santa Monica? Answer: Marvin Braude Question: When was the most recent Bicycle Friendly Community Award given to Santa Monica? Answer: 2013 Question: What other year did Santa Monica receive the Bicycle Friendly Community award? Answer: 2009 Question: When was the Marvin Braude Bike Trail built? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what month in 2009 did Santa Monica receive the Bronze Bicycle Friendly Community Award? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year was the League of American Bicyclists founded? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where is the headquarters for the League of American Bicyclists? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was the founder of the League of American Bicyclists? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Whitehead was unimpressed by this objection. In the notes of one his students for a 1927 class, Whitehead was quoted as saying: "Every scientific man in order to preserve his reputation has to say he dislikes metaphysics. What he means is he dislikes having his metaphysics criticized." In Whitehead's view, scientists and philosophers make metaphysical assumptions about how the universe works all the time, but such assumptions are not easily seen precisely because they remain unexamined and unquestioned. While Whitehead acknowledged that "philosophers can never hope finally to formulate these metaphysical first principles," he argued that people need to continually re-imagine their basic assumptions about how the universe works if philosophy and science are to make any real progress, even if that progress remains permanently asymptotic. For this reason Whitehead regarded metaphysical investigations as essential to both good science and good philosophy. Question: What do philosophers do, in Whitehead's view? Answer: make metaphysical assumptions about how the universe works Question: Assumptions of how the universe works are difficult to see precisely because of what? Answer: they remain unexamined and unquestioned Question: What did Whitehead ask people to reimagine in order for philosophy to make progress? Answer: basic assumptions about how the universe works Question: What did Whitehead regard as essential to good science and good philosophy? Answer: metaphysical investigations Question: What quotation of Whitehead's was noted by a student in 1927? Answer: "Every scientific man in order to preserve his reputation has to say he dislikes metaphysics. What he means is he dislikes having his metaphysics criticized." Question: What was Whitehead's opinion of basic assumptions in metaphysics? Answer: such assumptions are not easily seen precisely because they remain unexamined and unquestioned Question: What did Whitehead feel was necessary regarding basic assumptions in metaphysics? Answer: people need to continually re-imagine their basic assumptions about how the universe works if philosophy and science are to make any real progress Question: What was Whitehead's opinion of metaphysical investigations? Answer: Whitehead regarded metaphysical investigations as essential to both good science and good philosophy Question: What quotation of Whitehead's was noted by a student in 1977? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Whitehead feel was necessary regarding complex assumptions in metaphysics? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was Whitehead's opinion of nonmetaphysical investigations? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone (Chinese: 成都经济技术开发区; pinyin: Chéngdū jīngjì jìshù kāifā qū) was approved as state-level development zone in February 2000. The zone now has a developed area of 10.25 km2 (3.96 sq mi) and has a planned area of 26 km2 (10 sq mi). Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone (CETDZ) lies 13.6 km (8.5 mi) east of Chengdu, the capital city of Sichuan Province and the hub of transportation and communication in southwest China. The zone has attracted investors and developers from more than 20 countries to carry out their projects there. Industries encouraged in the zone include mechanical, electronic, new building materials, medicine and food processing. Question: When was the Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone approved? Answer: February 2000 Question: What is the planned size of the Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone? Answer: CETDZ Question: How far east of Chengdu is CETDZ? Answer: 8.5 mi Question: What is the capital city of Sichuan? Answer: Chengdu Question: How many countries are represented by the investors and developers of the CETDZ? Answer: 20 Question: What was approved as a national-level development zone in 2000? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What city east of the Chengu Economic and Technological Development Zone? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What has attracted investers from 20 other provinces? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone approved in more than 20 countries? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where planned food processing area lie? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How far east of Chengdu is the planned food processing area? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the capital city of China? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many cities are represented by the investors and developers of the CETDZ? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: There has been an increasing gulf between the Premier League and the Football League. Since its split with the Football League, many established clubs in the Premier League have managed to distance themselves from their counterparts in lower leagues. Owing in large part to the disparity in revenue from television rights between the leagues, many newly promoted teams have found it difficult to avoid relegation in their first season in the Premier League. In every season except 2001–02 and 2011–12, at least one Premier League newcomer has been relegated back to the Football League. In 1997–98 all three promoted clubs were relegated at the end of the season. Question: Why has their been distance between the Premier League and the Football League? Answer: in large part to the disparity in revenue from television rights between the leagues, Question: Did many new teams in the Premier League have any difficulties in their initial season? Answer: many newly promoted teams have found it difficult to avoid relegation in their first season in the Premier League. Question: Was it unusual for a new team to go back to the Football League after their first season in the Premier League? Answer: In every season except 2001–02 and 2011–12, at least one Premier League newcomer has been relegated back to the Football League. Question: In the 1997-98 season how many new teams had to go back to the Football League? Answer: In 1997–98 all three promoted clubs were relegated at the end of the season. Question: Due to the disparity in television rights revenue between leagues, who struggles to avoid relegation in their Premier League first season? Answer: newly promoted teams Question: In every season but 2001-02 and 2011-12, at least how many Premier League teams have been relegated? Answer: one Question: How many newly promoted clubs were relegated from the Premier League in 1997-98? Answer: three Question: Between which leagues has there been a decreasing gulf? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The Premier League and which other league have been noticing a decreasing gulf? Answer: Unanswerable Question: From which league did the television split from? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When in 1997-98 were the four promoted clubs relegated? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In which season has there been at least one Football League newcomer relegated back to the Premier League? Answer: Unanswerable

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