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Context: By the 1st century, Babylonia, to which Jews migrated to after the Babylonian conquest as well as after the Bar Kokhba revolt in 135 CE, already held a speedily growing population of an estimated 1,000,000 Jews, which increased to an estimated 2 million between the years 200 CE – 500 CE, both by natural growth and by immigration of more Jews from the Land of Israel, making up about 1/6 of the world Jewish population at that era. At times conversion has accounted for a part of Jewish population growth. Some have claimed that in the 1st century of the Christian era, for example, the population more than doubled, from four to 8–10 million within the confines of the Roman Empire, in good part as a result of a wave of conversion. Question: Where did Jews migrate to after the Babylonian conquest? Answer: Babylonia Question: Between what years did Jews increase to an estimated 2 million? Answer: 200 CE – 500 CE Question: Name one thing that has accounted for Jewish population growth? Answer: conversion Question: Where did the Jews migrate to before the Babylonian conquest? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many Jews lived in Babylonia before the 1st century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many Jews lived in Babylonia after 500 CE? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How did the Jewish population increase before the 1st century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many Jews lived outside of the Roman Empire? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Thus, while the rest of Europe saw revolutionary uprisings, the Swiss drew up a constitution which provided for a federal layout, much of it inspired by the American example. This constitution provided for a central authority while leaving the cantons the right to self-government on local issues. Giving credit to those who favoured the power of the cantons (the Sonderbund Kantone), the national assembly was divided between an upper house (the Council of States, two representatives per canton) and a lower house (the National Council, with representatives elected from across the country). Referenda were made mandatory for any amendment of this constitution. Question: What example inspired much of a new Swiss constitution providing for a federal layout? Answer: American Question: Under the new Swiss constitution, what did the cantons have the right to self-govern? Answer: local issues Question: How many houses was the Swiss national assembly divided into? Answer: two Question: What was the name of the upper house, which included 2 representatives from each canton? Answer: Council of States Question: What was the name of the lower house, whose representatives were elected throughout the country? Answer: National Council
Context: The Partyja BPF (Belarusian Popular Front) was established in 1988 as a political party and cultural movement for democracy and independence, à la the Baltic republics’ popular fronts. The discovery of mass graves in Kurapaty outside Minsk by historian Zianon Pazniak, the Belarusian Popular Front’s first leader, gave additional momentum to the pro-democracy and pro-independence movement in Belarus. It claimed that the NKVD performed secret killings in Kurapaty. Initially the Front had significant visibility because its numerous public actions almost always ended in clashes with the police and the KGB. Question: When did The Partyja BDF start? Answer: 1988 Question: Who found mass graves? Answer: Zianon Pazniak Question: What is Pazniak's occupation? Answer: historian Question: Where were the graves found? Answer: Kurapaty Question: In addition to the police who did the BDF often have conflicts with? Answer: KGB
Context: Hard rock developed into a major form of popular music in the 1970s, with bands such as Led Zeppelin, The Who, Deep Purple, Aerosmith, AC/DC and Van Halen. During the 1980s, some hard rock bands moved away from their hard rock roots and more towards pop rock, while others began to return to a hard rock sound. Established bands made a comeback in the mid-1980s and it reached a commercial peak in the 1980s, with glam metal bands like Bon Jovi and Def Leppard and the rawer sounds of Guns N' Roses, which followed up with great success in the later part of that decade. Hard rock began losing popularity with the commercial success of grunge and later Britpop in the 1990s. Question: What are two examples of glam metal bands? Answer: Bon Jovi and Def Leppard Question: What two genres cut into hard rock's popularity at the end of the 1980s and early 1990s? Answer: grunge and later Britpop Question: What were some hard rock bands of the 1970s? Answer: Led Zeppelin, The Who, Deep Purple, Aerosmith, AC/DC and Van Halen Question: What style did some hard rock bands embrace in the 1980s? Answer: pop rock Question: When did soft rock become a major form of popular music? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which band became popular in the 1960s? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did some bands move from pop rock to hard rock? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What band made a come back in the mid-1990s? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did hard rock replace grunge and Britpop? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: All major web browsers allow the user to open multiple information resources at the same time, either in different browser windows or in different tabs of the same window. Major browsers also include pop-up blockers to prevent unwanted windows from "popping up" without the user's consent. Question: What does not allow windows to pop up without consent? Answer: pop-up blockers Question: What do all pop-up blockers allow in a window? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What can be open without the user's consent in a window? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where do unwanted windows open in a browser? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where do browsers allow pop-ups to open? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do information resources allow to pop-up in a window? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Problems with the 10NES lockout chip frequently resulted in the console's most infamous problem: the blinking red power light, in which the system appears to turn itself on and off repeatedly because the 10NES would reset the console once per second. The lockout chip required constant communication with the chip in the game to work. Dirty, aging and bent connectors would often disrupt the communication, resulting in the blink effect. Alternatively, the console would turn on but only show a solid white, gray, or green screen. Users attempted to solve this problem by blowing air onto the cartridge connectors, inserting the cartridge just far enough to get the ZIF to lower, licking the edge connector, slapping the side of the system after inserting a cartridge, shifting the cartridge from side to side after insertion, pushing the ZIF up and down repeatedly, holding the ZIF down lower than it should have been, and cleaning the connectors with alcohol. These attempted solutions often became notable in their own right and are often remembered alongside the NES. Many of the most frequent attempts to fix this problem instead ran the risk of damaging the cartridge and/or system.[citation needed] In 1989, Nintendo released an official NES Cleaning Kit to help users clean malfunctioning cartridges and consoles. Question: What was the console's most common problem? Answer: blinking red power light Question: The 10NES would reset the system how often? Answer: once per second Question: What disrupted the communication as well? Answer: Dirty, aging and bent connectors Question: What was one example of what users did to combat the blinking problem? Answer: blowing air onto the cartridge connectors Question: When did Nintendo release a cleaning kit? Answer: 1989 Question: What wasn't the console's most common problem? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The 10NES wouldn't reset the system how often? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What didn't disrupt the communication as well? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What wasn't one example of what users did to combat the blinking problem? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When didn't Nintendo release a cleaning kit? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The PlayStation Store is an online virtual market available to users of Sony's PlayStation 3 (PS3) and PlayStation Portable (PSP) game consoles via the PlayStation Network. The Store offers a range of downloadable content both for purchase and available free of charge. Available content includes full games, add-on content, playable demos, themes and game and movie trailers. The service is accessible through an icon on the XMB on PS3 and PSP. The PS3 store can also be accessed on PSP via a Remote Play connection to PS3. The PSP store is also available via the PC application, Media Go. As of September 24, 2009, there have been over 600 million downloads from the PlayStation Store worldwide. Question: Where can you buy downloadable content for the PSP and PS3? Answer: The PlayStation Store Question: What do you click on in the PS3 interface to get to the PlayStation Store? Answer: an icon Question: What connection would you go through to go to the PS3 store from a PSP? Answer: Remote Play Question: How many unique downloads had there been from the PlayStation Store by late 2009? Answer: over 600 million Question: From a PC, what application can you use to visit the PlayStation Store? Answer: Media Go Question: Where can you buy uploadable content for the PSP and PS3? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do you click on in the PS2 interface to get to the PlayStation Store? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What connection would you go through to go to the PS3 store from a PS2? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many unique downloads had there been from the PlayStation Store by late 2008? Answer: Unanswerable Question: From a PC, what application can't you use to visit the PlayStation Store? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Richmond is located at the fall line of the James River, 44 miles (71 km) west of Williamsburg, 66 miles (106 km) east of Charlottesville, and 98 miles (158 km) south of Washington, D.C. Surrounded by Henrico and Chesterfield counties, the city is located at the intersections of Interstate 95 and Interstate 64, and encircled by Interstate 295 and Virginia State Route 288. Major suburbs include Midlothian to the southwest, Glen Allen to the north and west, Short Pump to the west and Mechanicsville to the northeast. Question: How many miles east of Richmond is Williamsburg? Answer: 44 Question: How many kilometers west of Charlottesville is Richmond? Answer: 106 Question: Leaving Washington DC, what cardinal direction would one travel to reach Richmond? Answer: south Question: What is Richmond's southwestern suburb? Answer: Midlothian Question: Where is Short Pump located in relation to Richmond? Answer: west
Context: The fighter aircraft of the USAF are small, fast, and maneuverable military aircraft primarily used for air-to-air combat. Many of these fighters have secondary ground-attack capabilities, and some are dual-roled as fighter-bombers (e.g., the F-16 Fighting Falcon); the term "fighter" is also sometimes used colloquially for dedicated ground-attack aircraft. Other missions include interception of bombers and other fighters, reconnaissance, and patrol. The F-16 is currently used by the USAF Air Demonstration squadron, the Thunderbirds, while a small number of both man-rated and non-man-rated F-4 Phantom II are retained as QF-4 aircraft for use as Full Scale Aerial Targets (FSAT) or as part of the USAF Heritage Flight program. These extant QF-4 aircraft are being replaced in the FSAT role by early model F-16 aircraft converted to QF-16 configuration. The USAF has 2,025 fighters in service as of September 2012. Question: What is the primary function of the USAF fighter aircraft? Answer: air-to-air combat Question: What is the name of a type of dual purpose fighter-bomber aircraft used by the US Air Force? Answer: F-16 Fighting Falcon Question: What aircraft is used by the US Air Demonstration group The Thunderbirds? Answer: F-16 Question: What kind of aircraft is utilized by the USAF in Full Scale Aerial Targets? Answer: F-4 Phantom II Question: What are the QF-4 aircraft being replaced by the US Air Force? Answer: early model F-16 aircraft converted to QF-16 configuration
Context: This article compares the properties of brains across the entire range of animal species, with the greatest attention to vertebrates. It deals with the human brain insofar as it shares the properties of other brains. The ways in which the human brain differs from other brains are covered in the human brain article. Several topics that might be covered here are instead covered there because much more can be said about them in a human context. The most important is brain disease and the effects of brain damage, covered in the human brain article because the most common diseases of the human brain either do not show up in other species, or else manifest themselves in different ways. Question: Animals with a spine are called what? Answer: vertebrates
Context: Many instruments today associated with popular music filled important roles in early classical music, such as bagpipes, vihuelas, hurdy-gurdies, and some woodwind instruments. On the other hand, instruments such as the acoustic guitar, once associated mainly with popular music, gained prominence in classical music in the 19th and 20th centuries. Question: In what did the bagpipe fill an important role? Answer: early classical music, Question: What instrument gained prominence in the 19th and 20th century? Answer: the acoustic guitar Question: Vihuelas and hurdy-gurdies are currently associated with what type of music? Answer: popular
Context: The Somali Telecommunication Association (STA), a watchdog organization that oversees the policy development and regulatory framework of Somalia's ICT sector, reported in 2006 that there were over half a million users of internet services within the territory. There were also 22 established ISPs and 234 cyber cafes, with an annual growth rate of 15.6%. Question: What is the STA? Answer: Somali Telecommunication Association Question: What sector does the STC oversee? Answer: ICT sector Question: In 2006, who reported that there were over half a million internet users within the territory? Answer: STA Question: How many established ISP were within the territory in 2006? Answer: 22 Question: How many cyber cafes were withing the territory in 2006? Answer: 234 Question: How many non-established ISPs were in Somalia in 2006? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many restaurants had internet connectivity? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was STA founded? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the ICT? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What percentage of the population had internet services? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Canadian football has mostly been confined to Canada, with the United States being the only other country to have hosted a high-level Canadian football game. The CFL's controversial "South Division" as it would come to be officially known attempted to put CFL teams in the United States playing under Canadian rules between 1992 and 1995. The move was aborted after three years; the Baltimore Stallions were the most successful of the numerous Americans teams to play in the CFL, winning the 83rd Grey Cup. Continuing financial losses, a lack of proper Canadian football venues, a pervasive belief that the American teams were simply pawns to provide the struggling Canadian teams with expansion fee revenue, and the return of the NFL to Baltimore prompted the end of Canadian football on the American side of the border. Question: Which one country besides Canada has hosted a professional Canadian football game? Answer: United States Question: In which year did the CFL first attempt an expansion into the United States? Answer: 1992 Question: Which American CFL team won the Grey Cup? Answer: Baltimore Stallions Question: The return of an NFL team to which city contributed to the demise of the CFL's American expansion? Answer: Baltimore Question: How many years did the CFL South Division last? Answer: three Question: Canadian football has never been played in what country? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The East division tried to put CFL teams in what other country? Answer: Unanswerable Question: I what was the name of the American team that played in Canada? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which championship game to the Baltimore stallions lose? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The return of what organization to Boston prompted the end of Canadian football in America? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where has the CFL been kept? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who put NFL teams in the United States playing under Canadian Rules? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the Grey Cup aborted? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did the South Division win while successfully playing in the CFL? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How was it believed that the CFL was used to help struggling Canadian teams? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: A look at one minority leadership strategy—partisan opposition—may suggest why it might be employed in specific circumstances. The purposes of obstruction are several, such as frustrating the majority party's ability to govern or attracting press and media attention to the alleged ineffectiveness of the majority party. "We know how to delay," remarked Minority Leader Gephardt Dilatory motions to adjourn, appeals of the presiding officer's ruling, or numerous requests for roll call votes are standard time-consuming parliamentary tactics. By stalling action on the majority party's agenda, the minority leader may be able to launch a campaign against a "do-nothing Congress" and convince enough voters to put his party back in charge of the House. To be sure, the minority leader recognizes that "going negative" carries risks and may not be a winning strategy if his party fails to offer policy alternatives that appeal to broad segments of the general public. Question: What is the purpose of Obstruction? Answer: frustrating the majority party's ability to govern or attracting press and media attention to the alleged ineffectiveness Question: How can obstruction be employed? Answer: motions to adjourn, appeals of the presiding officer's ruling, or numerous requests for roll call votes Question: Is it safe to employ negative strategy? Answer: "going negative" carries risks Question: What may be a risk negative tactic? Answer: if his party fails to offer policy alternatives that appeal to broad segments of the general public Question: Who's attention is attracted when the public forms a negative campaign? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does the majority party do that makes the public want to respond with a negative campaign? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was Gephardt Dilatory accused of being a part of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is forming policy alternatives also considered to be by the press? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the public able to do on its own against policies that aren't popular? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Fachhochschule is a German type of tertiary education institution and adopted later in Austria and Switzerland. They do not focus exclusively on technology, but may also offer courses in social science, medicine, business and design. They grant bachelor's degrees and master's degrees, and focus more on teaching than research and more on specific professions than on science. Question: What's the German word for a tertiary education institution? Answer: Fachhochschule Question: In addition to Bachelor's degrees, what other kind of degree can one earn from a Fachhochschule? Answer: master's degrees
Context: In 2007, the Marshall Islands joined the International Labour Organization, which means its labour laws will comply with international benchmarks. This may impact business conditions in the islands. Question: What body did the Marshall Islands join in 2007? Answer: the International Labour Organization Question: What is the significance of the Marshall Islands joining the International Labour Organization? Answer: its labour laws will comply with international benchmarks Question: What may see benefits from the Marshalls joining the International Labour Organization? Answer: business conditions
Context: Alpine crystals have been studied and collected for hundreds of years, and began to be classified in the 18th century. Leonhard Euler studied the shapes of crystals, and by the 19th century crystal hunting was common in Alpine regions. David Friedrich Wiser amassed a collection of 8000 crystals that he studied and documented. In the 20th century Robert Parker wrote a well-known work about the rock crystals of the Swiss Alps; at the same period a commission was established to control and standardize the naming of Alpine minerals. Question: How long have Alpine crystals been studied and collected? Answer: hundreds of years Question: When did the alpine crystals begin to be classified? Answer: the 18th century Question: Who studied the shapes of crystals? Answer: Leonhard Euler Question: By the 19th century what was common in the Alpine regions? Answer: crystal hunting Question: Who amassed a collection 8000 crystals? Answer: David Friedrich Wiser
Context: On April 23, 2008, Dell announced the closure of one of its biggest Canadian call-centers in Kanata, Ontario, terminating approximately 1100 employees, with 500 of those redundancies effective on the spot, and with the official closure of the center scheduled for the summer. The call-center had opened in 2006 after the city of Ottawa won a bid to host it. Less than a year later, Dell planned to double its workforce to nearly 3,000 workers add a new building. These plans were reversed, due to a high Canadian dollar that made the Ottawa staff relatively expensive, and also as part of Dell's turnaround, which involved moving these call-center jobs offshore to cut costs. The company had also announced the shutdown of its Edmonton, Alberta office, losing 900 jobs. In total, Dell announced the ending of about 8,800 jobs in 2007–2008 — 10% of its workforce. Question: What year did Dell close its largest Canadian call center? Answer: 2008 Question: How many employees lost jobs when Dell closed their call center? Answer: 1100 Question: How many workers did Dell plan to have at their Ottawa call center? Answer: 3,000 Question: What percentage of its workforce did Dell terminate in from 2007 to 2008? Answer: 10% Question: What year did Dell open its largest Canadian call center? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What year did Dell close its smallest Canadian call center? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many employees lost jobs when Dell opened their call center? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many workers did Dell plan to have at their Toronto call center? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What percentage of its workforce did Dell terminate in from 2007 to 2009? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The first BeiDou system, officially called the BeiDou Satellite Navigation Experimental System (simplified Chinese: 北斗卫星导航试验系统; traditional Chinese: 北斗衛星導航試驗系統; pinyin: Běidǒu wèixīng dǎoháng shìyàn xìtǒng) and also known as BeiDou-1, consists of three satellites and offers limited coverage and applications. It has been offering navigation services, mainly for customers in China and neighboring regions, since 2000. Question: What was the first BeiDou system called? Answer: the BeiDou Satellite Navigation Experimental System Question: Who does the BeiDou-1 operate for? Answer: mainly for customers in China and neighboring regions Question: What is another name for the BeiDou Satellite Navigation Experimental System? Answer: BeiDou-1 Question: How many satellites does the BeiDou-1 have? Answer: three Question: How long has the BeiDou-1 been operating? Answer: since 2000 Question: Which system has been offering services to customers in China since 1997? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What system is also known as BeiDou-2? Answer: Unanswerable Question: BeiDou-1 consists of 7 satellites and offers what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What system offers services to customers in and around Peru? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Great Garden is an important European baroque garden. The palace itself, however, was largely destroyed by Allied bombing but is currently under reconstruction.[citation needed] Some points of interest are the Grotto (the interior was designed by the French artist Niki de Saint-Phalle), the Gallery Building, the Orangerie and the two pavilions by Remy de la Fosse. The Great Garden consists of several parts. The most popular ones are the Great Ground and the Nouveau Jardin. At the centre of the Nouveau Jardin is Europe's highest garden fountain. The historic Garden Theatre inter alia hosted the musicals of the German rock musician Heinz Rudolf Kunze.[citation needed] Question: What kind of garden is The Great Garden? Answer: European baroque garden Question: What destroyed the palace? Answer: Allied bombing Question: Who constructed the two pavilions in the palace? Answer: Remy de la Fosse Question: Other than the Nouveau Jardin, what is the other popular part of The Great Garden? Answer: Great Ground Question: What is at the centre of the Nouveau Jardin? Answer: Europe's highest garden fountain Question: What kind of garden is the grand garden? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was destroyed by axis bombing and currently under reconstruction? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What French artist designed the exterior? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are the two least popular areas of the garden? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What famous classical musician played at the historic garden theater? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: There are dozens of other chemical neurotransmitters that are used in more limited areas of the brain, often areas dedicated to a particular function. Serotonin, for example—the primary target of antidepressant drugs and many dietary aids—comes exclusively from a small brainstem area called the Raphe nuclei. Norepinephrine, which is involved in arousal, comes exclusively from a nearby small area called the locus coeruleus. Other neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine and dopamine have multiple sources in the brain, but are not as ubiquitously distributed as glutamate and GABA. Question: Serotonin comes from what part of the brain? Answer: Raphe nuclei Question: Antidepressants typically affect what chemical of the brain? Answer: Serotonin Question: Which chemical of the brain is involved with arousal? Answer: Norepinephrine Question: Norepinephrine comes from an area of the brain known as what? Answer: locus coeruleus
Context: Air Force officer promotions are governed by the Defense Officer Personnel Management Act of 1980 and its companion Reserve Officer Personnel Management Act (ROPMA) for officers in the Air Force Reserve and the Air National Guard. DOPMA also establishes limits on the number of officers that can serve at any given time in the Air Force. Currently, promotion from second lieutenant to first lieutenant is virtually guaranteed after two years of satisfactory service. The promotion from first lieutenant to captain is competitive after successfully completing another two years of service, with a selection rate varying between 99% and 100%. Promotion to major through major general is through a formal selection board process, while promotions to lieutenant general and general are contingent upon nomination to specific general officer positions and subject to U.S. Senate approval. Question: What are Air Force Officer promotions overseen by? Answer: Defense Officer Personnel Management Act of 1980 Question: Was does ROPMA stand for in the USAF? Answer: Reserve Officer Personnel Management Act Question: Who establishes limits on the amount of Air Force officers? Answer: DOPMA Question: How long does it usually take to be promoted from second to first lieutenant in the USAF? Answer: virtually guaranteed after two years Question: What promotion in the USAF is governed by a formal selection process? Answer: Promotion to major through major general
Context: Another significant issue unique to LaserDisc is one involving the inconsistency of playback quality between different makers and models of player. On most televisions, a given DVD player will produce a picture that is visually indistinguishable from other units. Differences in image quality between players only becomes easily apparent on large televisions and substantial leaps in image quality are generally only obtained with expensive, high-end players that allow for post-processing of the MPEG-2 stream during playback. In contrast, LaserDisc playback quality is highly dependent on hardware quality. Major variances in picture quality appear between different makers and models of LD players, even when tested on a low to mid-range television. The obvious benefits of using high quality equipment has helped keep demand for some players high, thus also keeping pricing for those units comparably high. In the 1990s, notable players sold for anywhere from US$200 to well over $1,000, while older and less desirable players could be purchased in working condition for as little as $25. Question: Is LaserDisc quality consistent or inconsistent between player brands? Answer: inconsistency Question: What is LaserDisc playback quality dependent on? Answer: hardware quality Question: How cheaply could an older LaserDisc player be purchased in the 1990s? Answer: $25 Question: What range of prices were high-end LaserDisc players in the 1990s? Answer: US$200 to well over $1,000
Context: The First Great Awakening was an evangelical and revitalization movement that swept through Protestant Europe and British America, especially the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, leaving a permanent impact on American Protestantism. It resulted from powerful preaching that gave listeners a sense of deep personal revelation of their need of salvation by Jesus Christ. Pulling away from ritual, ceremony, sacramentalism and hierarchy, it made Christianity intensely personal to the average person by fostering a deep sense of spiritual conviction and redemption, and by encouraging introspection and a commitment to a new standard of personal morality. Question: What movement occurred during the 1730's and 1740's? Answer: The First Great Awakening Question: What movement made a permanent mark on Protestantism in the U.S.? Answer: The First Great Awakening
Context: As Pioneer introduced Digital Audio to LaserDisc in 1985, they further refined the CAA format. CAA55 was introduced in 1985 with a total playback capacity per side of 55 minutes 5 seconds, reducing the video capacity to resolve bandwidth issues with the inclusion of Digital Audio. Several titles released between 1985 and 1987 were analog audio only due to the length of the title and the desire to keep the film on one disc (e.g., Back to the Future). By 1987, Pioneer had overcome the technical challenges and was able to once again encode in CAA60, allowing a total of 60 minutes 5 seconds. Pioneer further refined CAA, offering CAA45, encoding 45 minutes of material, but filling the entire playback surface of the side. Used on only a handful of titles, CAA65 offered 65 minutes 5 seconds of playback time per side. There are a handful of titles pressed by Technidisc that used CAA50. The final variant of CAA is CAA70, which could accommodate 70 minutes of playback time per side. There are not any known uses of this format on the consumer market. Question: What was the length capacity of the CAA55 format? Answer: 55 minutes 5 seconds Question: Why was Back to the Future released with analog sound? Answer: due to the length of the title and the desire to keep the film on one disc Question: What was the maximum length of the CAA60 format? Answer: 60 minutes 5 seconds Question: How many works were released to the public with the CAA70 format? Answer: There are not any known uses of this format on the consumer market
Context: Most of Bermuda's black population trace some of their ancestry to Native Americans, although awareness of this is largely limited to St David's Islanders and most who have such ancestry are unaware of it. During the colonial period, hundreds of Native Americans were shipped to Bermuda. The best-known examples were the Algonquian peoples who were exiled from the southern New England colonies and sold into slavery in the 17th century, notably in the aftermaths of the Pequot and King Philip's wars. Question: What is one group that Bermuda's black population can link some of their ancestry to? Answer: Native Americans Question: Residents of what particular area have awareness of this link to Native American heritage? Answer: St David's Islanders Question: During what period were there hundreds of Native Americans shipped to Bermuda? Answer: colonial period Question: Why was there a large population of Algonquian people in Bermuda? Answer: exiled from the southern New England colonies and sold into slavery Question: Who do Native Americans trace most of their ancestry to? Answer: Unanswerable Question: During what period were hundreds of St David's Islanders shipped to Bermuda? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was exiled from the New England colonies? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was sold into slavery during the King Philip war? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Much of the fighting in World War I took place along the Western Front, within a system of opposing manned trenches and fortifications (separated by a "No man's land") running from the North Sea to the border of Switzerland. On the Eastern Front, the vast eastern plains and limited rail network prevented a trench warfare stalemate from developing, although the scale of the conflict was just as large. Hostilities also occurred on and under the sea and—for the first time—from the air. More than 9 million soldiers died on the various battlefields, and nearly that many more in the participating countries' home fronts on account of food shortages and genocide committed under the cover of various civil wars and internal conflicts. Notably, more people died of the worldwide influenza outbreak at the end of the war and shortly after than died in the hostilities. The unsanitary conditions engendered by the war, severe overcrowding in barracks, wartime propaganda interfering with public health warnings, and migration of so many soldiers around the world helped the outbreak become a pandemic. Question: Where did most of the fighting in World War I take place? Answer: along the Western Front Question: What is the Western Front? Answer: a system of opposing manned trenches and fortifications (separated by a "No man's land") running from the North Sea to the border of Switzerland. Question: What prevented a trench warfare stalemate? Answer: On the Eastern Front, the vast eastern plains and limited rail network Question: How many soldiers died? in World War I? Answer: More than 9 million Question: Where did hostiles appear for the first time during the war? Answer: from the air.
Context: Geology existed as a cloud of isolated, disconnected ideas about rocks, minerals, and landforms long before it became a coherent science. Theophrastus' work on rocks, Peri lithōn, remained authoritative for millennia: its interpretation of fossils was not overturned until after the Scientific Revolution. Chinese polymath Shen Kua (1031–1095) first formulated hypotheses for the process of land formation. Based on his observation of fossils in a geological stratum in a mountain hundreds of miles from the ocean, he deduced that the land was formed by erosion of the mountains and by deposition of silt. Question: What was the work of Theophrastus on rocks called? Answer: Peri lithōn Question: When were Theophrastus' ideas about fossils proven false? Answer: the Scientific Revolution Question: When did Shen Kua live? Answer: 1031–1095 Question: What science did Shen Kua observe? Answer: land formation
Context: The New York Islanders and the New York Rangers represent the city in the National Hockey League. Also within the metropolitan area are the New Jersey Devils, who play in nearby Newark, New Jersey. Question: There are two hockey teams located in NYC. What are they? Answer: The New York Islanders and the New York Rangers Question: Which town do the New Jersey Devils hockey team play? Answer: Newark Question: In what city are the New Jersey Devils located? Answer: Newark, New Jersey Question: What sport do the New York Rangers play? Answer: Hockey Question: Along with the New York Rangers, what NHL franchise is based in New York? Answer: New York Islanders
Context: Other Presbyterian bodies in the United States include the Reformed Presbyterian Church of North America (RPCNA), the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church (ARP), the Reformed Presbyterian Church in the United States (RPCUS), the Reformed Presbyterian Church General Assembly, the Reformed Presbyterian Church – Hanover Presbytery, the Covenant Presbyterian Church, the Presbyterian Reformed Church, the Westminster Presbyterian Church in the United States, the Korean American Presbyterian Church, and the Free Presbyterian Church of North America. Question: What is the name of the first three listed reformed Presbyterian Church's in the United States? Answer: Presbyterian Church of North America (RPCNA), the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church (ARP), the Reformed Presbyterian Church in the United States (RPCUS) Question: What is the name of the Asian Presbyterian Church in the United States? Answer: Korean American Presbyterian Church Question: What is the full name of this American Presbyterian church under this abbreviation (ARP)? Answer: Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church Question: Where is the Reformed Hanover Church located? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which denomination is the Korean Associate Reformed Church in Hanover? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where is the Covenant Westminster Church located? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where is the Free Presbyterian Reformed Church located? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Detroit (/dᵻˈtrɔɪt/) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan, the fourth-largest city in the Midwest and the largest city on the United States–Canada border. It is the seat of Wayne County, the most populous county in the state. Detroit's metropolitan area, known as Metro Detroit, is home to 5.3 million people, making it the fourteenth-most populous metropolitan area in the United States and the second-largest in the Midwestern United States (behind Chicago). It is a major port on the Detroit River, a strait that connects the Great Lakes system to the Saint Lawrence Seaway. The City of Detroit anchors the second-largest economic region in the Midwest, behind Chicago, and the thirteenth-largest in the United States. Question: What city has the biggest population in Michigan? Answer: Detroit Question: What is the name of the county that Detroit is a part of? Answer: Wayne County Question: How many people inhabit metro Detroit? Answer: 5.3 million Question: What is the name of the river that runs through Detroit? Answer: Detroit River Question: In what region of the country is Detroit located? Answer: Midwest
Context: The majority of primary and secondary schools and further-education colleges in London are controlled by the London boroughs or otherwise state-funded; leading examples include City and Islington College, Ealing, Hammersmith and West London College, Leyton Sixth Form College, Tower Hamlets College and Bethnal Green Academy. There are also a number of private schools and colleges in London, some old and famous, such as City of London School, Harrow, St Paul's School, Haberdashers' Aske's Boys' School, University College School, The John Lyon School, Highgate School and Westminster School. Question: Who overseas the public primary and secondary school systems in London? Answer: the London boroughs Question: What private boys' school shares in London shares its name with a famous cathedral? Answer: St Paul's School,
Context: At the end of World War II Soviet troops occupied southern Sakhalin Island and the Kuril Islands, making them part of the RSFSR. The status of the southernmost Kurils remains in dispute with Japan. Question: Along with Sakhalin Island, what islands were occupied by the Soviets after the Second World War? Answer: Kuril Islands Question: What administrative division did Sakhalin Island become a part of? Answer: the RSFSR Question: The ownership of what islands are disputed with Japan? Answer: the southernmost Kurils Question: Along with Sakhalin Island, what islands were occupied by the Soviets after the First World War? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Along with Sakhalin Island, what islands were not occupied by the Soviets after the Second World War? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What administrative division did Sakhalin Island not become a part of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What military division did Sakhalin Island become a part of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The ownership of what islands are not disputed with Japan? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Kurita passed through San Bernardino Strait at 03:00 on 25 October and headed along the coast of Samar. The only thing standing in his path were three groups (Taffy 1, 2 and 3) of the Seventh Fleet, commanded by Admiral Thomas Kinkaid. Each group had six escort carriers, with a total of more than 500 planes, and seven or eight destroyers or destroyer escorts (DE). Kinkaid still believed that Lee's force was guarding the north, so the Japanese had the element of surprise when they attacked Taffy 3 at 06:45. Kurita mistook the Taffy carriers for large fleet carriers and thought he had the whole Third Fleet in his sights. Since escort carriers stood little chance against a battleship, Adm. Clifton Sprague directed the carriers of Taffy 3 to turn and flee eastward, hoping that bad visibility would reduce the accuracy of Japanese gunfire, and used his destroyers to divert the Japanese battleships. The destroyers made harassing torpedo attacks against the Japanese. For ten minutes Yamato was caught up in evasive action. Two U.S. destroyers and a DE were sunk, but they had bought enough time for the Taffy groups to launch planes. Taffy 3 turned and fled south, with shells scoring hits on some of its carriers and sinking one of them. The superior speed of the Japanese force allowed it to draw closer and fire on the other two Taffy groups. However, at 09:20 Kurita suddenly turned and retreated north. Signals had disabused him of the notion that he was attacking the Third Fleet, and the longer Kurita continued to engage, the greater the risk of major air strikes. Destroyer attacks had broken the Japanese formations, shattering tactical control. Three of Kurita's heavy cruisers had been sunk and another was too damaged to continue the fight. The Japanese retreated through the San Bernardino Strait, under continuous air attack. The Battle of Leyte Gulf was over; and a large part of the Japanese surface fleet destroyed. Question: When did Kurita pass through the San Bernardino Strait? Answer: 03:00 on 25 October Question: Where did Kurit head after passing through the San Bernardino Strait? Answer: along the coast of Samar Question: Admiral Kincaid commanded what three groups of the Seventh Fleet? Answer: Taffy 1, 2 and 3 Question: What broke the Japanes formations under Kurita? Answer: Destroyer attacks Question: How many of Kurita's heavy cruisers were sunk? Answer: Three
Context: A virtual ISP (VISP) is an operation that purchases services from another ISP, sometimes called a wholesale ISP in this context, which allow the VISP's customers to access the Internet using services and infrastructure owned and operated by the wholesale ISP. VISPs resemble mobile virtual network operators and competitive local exchange carriers for voice communications. Question: What is a VISP? Answer: virtual ISP Question: What do VISPs resemble? Answer: mobile virtual network operators Question: What do visps purchase services from? Answer: a wholesale ISP Question: Who does an ISP purchase services from? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who do wholesale ISP purchased services from? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do virtual network operators resemble? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How do VISP's customers access the Internet? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: During April, Fourteenth Army advanced 300 miles (480 km) south towards Rangoon, the capital and principal port of Burma, but was delayed by Japanese rearguards 40 miles (64 km) north of Rangoon at the end of the month. Slim feared that the Japanese would defend Rangoon house-to-house during the monsoon, placing his army in a disastrous supply situation, and in March he had asked that a plan to capture Rangoon by an amphibious force, Operation Dracula, which had been abandoned earlier, be reinstated. Dracula was launched on 1 May, but Rangoon was found to have been abandoned. The troops which occupied Rangoon linked up with Fourteenth Army five days later, securing the Allies' lines of communication. Question: What was the capital of Burma? Answer: Rangoon Question: What was the principle port of Burma? Answer: Rangoon Question: When was Operation Dracula launched? Answer: 1 May Question: What force was delayed by Japanese rearguards north of Rangoon? Answer: Fourteenth Army Question: What month was a delay caused by Japanese rearguards north of Rangoon? Answer: April
Context: Nonverbal communication describes the process of conveying meaning in the form of non-word messages. Examples of nonverbal communication include haptic communication, chronemic communication, gestures, body language, facial expression, eye contact, and how one dresses. Nonverbal communication also relates to intent of a message. Examples of intent are voluntary, intentional movements like shaking a hand or winking, as well as involuntary, such as sweating. Speech also contains nonverbal elements known as paralanguage, e.g. rhythm, intonation, tempo, and stress. There may even be a pheromone component. Research has shown that up to 55% of human communication may occur through non-verbal facial expressions, and a further 38% through paralanguage. It affects communication most at the subconscious level and establishes trust. Likewise, written texts include nonverbal elements such as handwriting style, spatial arrangement of words and the use of emoticons to convey emotion. Question: What is nonverbal communication? Answer: conveying meaning in the form of non-word messages Question: What is one example of nonverbal communication? Answer: body language Question: What is an example of a voluntary intent of a message related to nonverbal communication? Answer: shaking a hand Question: What is an example of an involuntary intent of a message related to nonverbal communication? Answer: sweating Question: What percentage of human communication occurs through nonverbal facial expressions? Answer: 55% Question: What is an example of paralanguage? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Dopamine levels can show what type of communication? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Improper communication establishes what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What percentage of human communication occurs through foot tapping? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is verbal communication? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Tribhuvan Museum contains artifacts related to the King Tribhuvan (1906–1955). It has a variety of pieces including his personal belongings, letters and papers, memorabilia related to events he was involved in and a rare collection of photos and paintings of Royal family members. The Mahendra Museum is dedicated to king Mahendra of Nepal (1920–1972). Like the Tribhuvan Museum, it includes his personal belongings such as decorations, stamps, coins and personal notes and manuscripts, but it also has structural reconstructions of his cabinet room and office chamber. The Hanumandhoka Palace, a lavish medieval palace complex in the Durbar, contains three separate museums of historic importance. These museums include the Birendra museum, which contains items related to the second-last monarch, Birendra of Nepal. Question: When did Tribhuvan die? Answer: 1955 Question: What was the birth year of King Mahendra? Answer: 1920 Question: How many museums are in the Hanumandhoka Palace? Answer: three Question: Who was the penultimate king of Nepal? Answer: Birendra Question: During what era was the Hanumandhoka Palace constructed? Answer: medieval
Context: No single feature distinguishes Annelids from other invertebrate phyla, but they have a distinctive combination of features. Their bodies are long, with segments that are divided externally by shallow ring-like constrictions called annuli and internally by septa ("partitions") at the same points, although in some species the septa are incomplete and in a few cases missing. Most of the segments contain the same sets of organs, although sharing a common gut, circulatory system and nervous system makes them inter-dependent. Their bodies are covered by a cuticle (outer covering) that does not contain cells but is secreted by cells in the skin underneath, is made of tough but flexible collagen and does not molt – on the other hand arthropods' cuticles are made of the more rigid α-chitin, and molt until the arthropods reach their full size. Most annelids have closed circulatory systems, where the blood makes its entire circuit via blood vessels. Question: What externally divides annelids' segments? Answer: shallow ring-like constrictions called annuli Question: What divides annelids' segments internally? Answer: septa ("partitions") Question: What do the segments of an annelid share? Answer: a common gut, circulatory system and nervous system Question: What covers an annelid's exterior? Answer: a cuticle Question: What is an annelid's cuticle made of? Answer: collagen Question: What externally combines annelids' segments? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What combines annelids' segments internally? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do the segments of an annelid lack? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What conceals an annelid's exterior? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is an annelid's cuticle made into? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Atlantic City (sometimes referred to as "Monopoly City") has become well-known over the years for its portrayal in the U.S. version of the popular board game, Monopoly, in which properties on the board are named after locations in and near Atlantic City. While the original incarnation of the game did not feature Atlantic City, it was in Indianapolis that Ruth Hoskins learned the game, and took it back to Atlantic City. After she arrived, Hoskins made a new board with Atlantic City street names, and taught it to a group of local Quakers. Question: What is Atlantic City sometimes referred to? Answer: Monopoly City Question: The names of many properties near Atlantic City are used in which popular board game? Answer: Monopoly Question: Who learned the game of Monopoly and took it to Atlantic City? Answer: Ruth Hoskins Question: What location was originally featured in the Monopoly game? Answer: Indianapolis Question: Who did Ruth Hoskins teach the game of Monopoly to? Answer: a group of local Quakers
Context: The Western Chalukya Empire (Kannada:ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ ಚಾಲುಕ್ಯ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯ) ruled most of the western Deccan, South India, between the 10th and 12th centuries. Vast areas between the Narmada River in the north and Kaveri River in the south came under Chalukya control. During this period the other major ruling families of the Deccan, the Hoysalas, the Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri, the Kakatiya dynasty and the Southern Kalachuri, were subordinates of the Western Chalukyas and gained their independence only when the power of the Chalukya waned during the later half of the 12th century. The Western Chalukyas developed an architectural style known today as a transitional style, an architectural link between the style of the early Chalukya dynasty and that of the later Hoysala empire. Most of its monuments are in the districts bordering the Tungabhadra River in central Karnataka. Well known examples are the Kasivisvesvara Temple at Lakkundi, the Mallikarjuna Temple at Kuruvatti, the Kallesvara Temple at Bagali and the Mahadeva Temple at Itagi. This was an important period in the development of fine arts in Southern India, especially in literature as the Western Chalukya kings encouraged writers in the native language of Kannada, and Sanskrit like the philosopher and statesman Basava and the great mathematician Bhāskara II. Question: During waht centuries did the Western Chalukya rule? Answer: 10th and 12th Question: What was the architectural style of the Chalukyas? Answer: transitional Question: Where did the Chalukyas build most of their monuments? Answer: central Karnataka Question: What did the Chalukya kings encourage writers to use? Answer: native language Question: Besides the language of Kannada, what other old language was used during the western Chalukya dynasty? Answer: Sanskrit
Context: In 1827, soon after the death of Chopin's youngest sister Emilia, the family moved from the Warsaw University building, adjacent to the Kazimierz Palace, to lodgings just across the street from the university, in the south annex of the Krasiński Palace on Krakowskie Przedmieście,[n 5] where Chopin lived until he left Warsaw in 1830.[n 6] Here his parents continued running their boarding house for male students; the Chopin Family Parlour (Salonik Chopinów) became a museum in the 20th century. In 1829 the artist Ambroży Mieroszewski executed a set of portraits of Chopin family members, including the first known portrait of the composer.[n 7] Question: During what year did Frédéric's youngest sister, Emilia, pass away? Answer: 1827 Question: What street did Frédéric's family move to after the death of his youngest sister? Answer: Krakowskie Przedmieście Question: What year did Frédéric leave Warsaw after moving with his family to the south annex of Krasiński Palace? Answer: 1830 Question: What did the Chopin's family business become in the 20th century? Answer: a museum Question: Which artist created the first known portrait of Frédéric? Answer: Ambroży Mieroszewski Question: What year did Chopin's sister Emilia die? Answer: 1827 Question: What year did Chopin leave Warsaw? Answer: 1830 Question: What was the Chopin family's business? Answer: boarding house for male students Question: What artist painted the Chopin family? Answer: Ambroży Mieroszewski Question: Who in Chopin's family died shortly before they moved in 1827? Answer: sister Emilia Question: What year did Chopin leave Warsaw? Answer: 1830 Question: What was the Chopin boarding house called in English? Answer: Chopin Family Parlour Question: What artist made portraits of the Chopin family in 1829? Answer: Ambroży Mieroszewski Question: Was the Chopin family boarding house for male or female students? Answer: male
Context: North Carolinians enjoy outdoor recreation utilizing numerous local bike paths, 34 state parks, and 14 national parks. National Park Service units include the Appalachian National Scenic Trail, the Blue Ridge Parkway, Cape Hatteras National Seashore, Cape Lookout National Seashore, Carl Sandburg Home National Historic Site at Flat Rock, Fort Raleigh National Historic Site at Manteo, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Guilford Courthouse National Military Park in Greensboro, Moores Creek National Battlefield near Currie in Pender County, the Overmountain Victory National Historic Trail, Old Salem National Historic Site in Winston-Salem, the Trail of Tears National Historic Trail, and Wright Brothers National Memorial in Kill Devil Hills. National Forests include Uwharrie National Forest in central North Carolina, Croatan National Forest in Eastern North Carolina, Pisgah National Forest in the northern mountains, and Nantahala National Forest in the southwestern part of the state. Question: Howmany state parks are in North Carolina? Answer: 34 Question: How many national parks are in North Carolina? Answer: 14 Question: Where is the Uwharrie national Forest located? Answer: central North Carolina Question: Where is Croatan National Forest located? Answer: Eastern North Carolina Question: Where is the Guilford Courthouse National Military Park? Answer: Greensboro
Context: Charleston has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa), with mild winters, hot, humid summers, and significant rainfall all year long. Summer is the wettest season; almost half of the annual rainfall occurs from June to September in the form of thundershowers. Fall remains relatively warm through November. Winter is short and mild, and is characterized by occasional rain. Measurable snow (≥0.1 in or 0.25 cm) only occurs several times per decade at the most, with the last such event occurring December 26, 2010. However, 6.0 in (15 cm) fell at the airport on December 23, 1989, the largest single-day fall on record, contributing to a single-storm and seasonal record of 8.0 in (20 cm) snowfall. Question: What season is the wettest in Charleston? Answer: Summer Question: In what form does half of Charleston's annual rainfall occur? Answer: thundershowers Question: What season is characterized as short in Charleston? Answer: Winter Question: What is Charleston's seasonal record of snowfall? Answer: 8.0 in (20 cm) Question: What season is considered short in Charleston? Answer: Winter Question: What is the wettest season in Charleston? Answer: Summer Question: Half of Charleston's annual rainfall occurs in what form? Answer: thundershowers Question: How much snow did Charleston's Airport recieve on December, 23 1989? Answer: 6.0 in (15 cm Question: What season is the dryest in Charleston? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what form does all of Charleston's annual rainfall occur? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What season is characterized as long in Charleston? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is Charleston's seasonal record of windfall? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How much snow did Charleston's Airport recieve on December, 23 1998? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Carnival is celebrated in New York City in Brooklyn. As in the UK, the timing of Carnival split from the Christian calendar and is celebrated on Labor Day Monday, in September. It is called the Labor Day Carnival, West Indian Day Parade or West Indian Day Carnival, and was founded by immigrants from Trinidad. That country has one of the largest Caribbean Carnivals. In the mid twentieth century, West Indians moved the event from the beginning of Lent to the Labor Day weekend. Carnival is one of the largest parades and street festivals in New York, with over one million attending. The parade, which consists of steel bands, floats, elaborate Carnival costumes and sound trucks, proceeds along Brooklyn's Eastern Parkway in the Crown Heights neighborhood. Question: Which borough of New York City is Carnival celebrated in? Answer: Brooklyn Question: What American holiday is Carnival celebrated on? Answer: Labor Day Question: What country has one of the largest Caribbean Carnivals? Answer: Trinidad Question: Over how many people typically attend New York's version of the Carnival? Answer: one million Question: What neighborhood as the privilege of bearing the brunt of the festivities? Answer: Crown Heights
Context: In the Middle Ages, the site of the future palace formed part of the Manor of Ebury (also called Eia). The marshy ground was watered by the river Tyburn, which still flows below the courtyard and south wing of the palace. Where the river was fordable (at Cow Ford), the village of Eye Cross grew. Ownership of the site changed hands many times; owners included Edward the Confessor and his queen consort Edith of Wessex in late Saxon times, and, after the Norman Conquest, William the Conqueror. William gave the site to Geoffrey de Mandeville, who bequeathed it to the monks of Westminster Abbey. Question: Which river runs underneath the palace? Answer: river Tyburn Question: The site of the palace was once owned by which queen consort in the late Saxon times? Answer: Edith of Wessex Question: Who did William the Conqueror give the site of the palace to? Answer: Geoffrey de Mandeville Question: The site was passed to monks from which abbey? Answer: Westminster Abbey Question: The site of the palace formed part of which Manor in the Middles ages? Answer: Manor of Ebury Question: What was the name of the village that grew at Cow Ford? Answer: Eye Cross Question: Who gave the site to the monks of Westminster? Answer: Geoffrey de Mandeville Question: What was the name of the manor that previously existed on the site? Answer: Manor of Ebury Question: Which river runs above the palace? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which queen consort in the late Saxon times once rented the site of the palace? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who did William the Conqueror buy the site of the palace from? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which abbey refused to have the site passed to the monks? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the name of the village that burned at Cow Ford? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Since 1996, they have been archiving cached pages of web sites onto their large cluster of Linux nodes. They revisit sites every few weeks or months and archive a new version if the content has changed. Sites can also be captured on the fly by visitors who are offered a link to do so. The intent is to capture and archive content that otherwise would be lost whenever a site is changed or closed down. Their grand vision is to archive the entire Internet. Question: What operating system is used on Wayback Machine's servers? Answer: Linux Question: When does Wayback Machine save a copy of a website? Answer: if the content has changed Question: What is the ultimate aim of the Wayback Machine? Answer: to archive the entire Internet Question: What operating system is used on the internet's servers? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When does the internet save a copy of a website? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the ultimate aim of the visitors? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where can sites be captured by Linux clusters? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What Linux nodes are hoped to be captured? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In addition to Old Persian and Avestan, which are the only directly attested Old Iranian languages, all Middle Iranian languages must have had a predecessor "Old Iranian" form of that language, and thus can all be said to have had an (at least hypothetical) "Old" form. Such hypothetical Old Iranian languages include Carduchi (the hypothetical predecessor to Kurdish) and Old Parthian. Additionally, the existence of unattested languages can sometimes be inferred from the impact they had on neighbouring languages. Such transfer is known to have occurred for Old Persian, which has (what is called) a "Median" substrate in some of its vocabulary. Also, foreign references to languages can also provide a hint to the existence of otherwise unattested languages, for example through toponyms/ethnonyms or in the recording of vocabulary, as Herodotus did for what he called "Scythian". Question: What language is Carduchi thought to have become? Answer: Kurdish Question: What language did Herodotus invent a name for? Answer: Scythian Question: What language to Kurdish become? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What cannot be inferred from the impact on a neighboring language? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of substrate is Middle Iranian? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who reported vocabulary for old Persian? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: A major turning point in the development of DC machines took place in 1864, when Antonio Pacinotti described for the first time the ring armature with its symmetrically grouped coils closed upon themselves and connected to the bars of a commutator, the brushes of which delivered practically non-fluctuating current. The first commercially successful DC motors followed the invention by Zénobe Gramme who, in 1871, reinvented Pacinotti's design. In 1873, Gramme showed that his dynamo could be used as a motor, which he demonstrated to great effect at exhibitions in Vienna and Philadelphia by connecting two such DC motors at a distance of up to 2 km away from each other, one as a generator. (See also 1873 : l'expérience décisive [Decisive Workaround] .) Question: What made Pacinotti's motor an important advancement? Answer: non-fluctuating current Question: Who created a motor similar to Pacinotti? Answer: Zénobe Gramme Question: How far from each other were the motors in Gramme's demonstrations? Answer: 2 km Question: Besides a motor, what did Gramme use the other device for? Answer: generator Question: In what two cities did Gramme conduct his demonstrations? Answer: Vienna and Philadelphia Question: What made Pacinotti's motor an unimportant advancement? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who created a motor very different from Pacinotti? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How similar were the motors in Gramme's demonstrations? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Besides a motor, what didn't Gramme use the other device for? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what two cities did Gramme never conduct his demonstrations? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In central banking, the privileged status of the central bank is that it can make as much money as it deems needed. In the United States Federal Reserve Bank, the Federal Reserve buys assets: typically, bonds issued by the Federal government. There is no limit on the bonds that it can buy and one of the tools at its disposal in a financial crisis is to take such extraordinary measures as the purchase of large amounts of assets such as commercial paper. The purpose of such operations is to ensure that adequate liquidity is available for functioning of the financial system. Question: What is a perk of the central bank? Answer: it can make as much money as it deems needed Question: What kinds of assets does the US Federal Reserve buy? Answer: bonds issued by the Federal government Question: What kind of asset will the Federal Reserve purchase in mass quantities at a time of crisis? Answer: commercial paper Question: What is the purpose of buying commercial paper in a time of financial crisis? Answer: to ensure that adequate liquidity is available for functioning Question: What is a disadvantage of the central bank? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kinds of assets does the US Federal Reserve ban? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of asset will the Federal Reserve sell in small quantities at a time of crisis? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the purpose of selling commercial paper in a time of financial crisis? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In February 2016, over a hundred thousand people signed a petition in just twenty-four hours, calling for a boycott of Sony Music and all other Sony-affiliated businesses after rape allegations against music producer Dr. Luke were made by musical artist Kesha. Kesha asked a New York City Supreme Court to free her from her contract with Sony Music but the court denied the request, prompting widespread public and media response. Question: How many people signed a petition to boycott Sony Music in 2016? Answer: over a hundred thousand Question: Over a million people signed a petition in how many hours? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In February 2006, how many people signed a petition calling for a boycott of Sony Music? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Rape allegations were made against music producer Kesha against artist? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Kesha asked a California Supreme Court to do what? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Education is free and compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16 The island has three primary schools for students of age 4 to 11: Harford, Pilling, and St Paul’s. Prince Andrew School provides secondary education for students aged 11 to 18. At the beginning of the academic year 2009-10, 230 students were enrolled in primary school and 286 in secondary school. Question: How many primary schools does the island have? Answer: 3 Question: What are the 3 primary schools called? Answer: Harford, Pilling, and St Paul’s Question: What is the name of the secondary school for the island? Answer: Prince Andrew School Question: How many students were enrolled in primary school in 2010? Answer: 230
Context: Chapter X examines whether patterns in the fossil record are better explained by common descent and branching evolution through natural selection, than by the individual creation of fixed species. Darwin expected species to change slowly, but not at the same rate – some organisms such as Lingula were unchanged since the earliest fossils. The pace of natural selection would depend on variability and change in the environment. This distanced his theory from Lamarckian laws of inevitable progress. It has been argued that this anticipated the punctuated equilibrium hypothesis, but other scholars have preferred to emphasise Darwin's commitment to gradualism. He cited Richard Owen's findings that the earliest members of a class were a few simple and generalised species with characteristics intermediate between modern forms, and were followed by increasingly diverse and specialised forms, matching the branching of common descent from an ancestor. Patterns of extinction matched his theory, with related groups of species having a continued existence until extinction, then not reappearing. Recently extinct species were more similar to living species than those from earlier eras, and as he had seen in South America, and William Clift had shown in Australia, fossils from recent geological periods resembled species still living in the same area. Question: How did Darwin expect species to change and evolve? Answer: slowly, but not at the same rate Question: What did Darwin believe were the key things needed for variation of species to form? Answer: variability and change in the environment Question: Which scientist theorized that the earliest members of a class in a species were simple and generalized? Answer: Richard Owen Question: What did Darwin discover about more recently extinct species? Answer: Recently extinct species were more similar to living species than those from earlier eras
Context: Montana i/mɒnˈtænə/ is a state in the Western region of the United States. The state's name is derived from the Spanish word montaña (mountain). Montana has several nicknames, although none official, including "Big Sky Country" and "The Treasure State", and slogans that include "Land of the Shining Mountains" and more recently "The Last Best Place". Montana is ranked 4th in size, but 44th in population and 48th in population density of the 50 United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller island ranges are found throughout the state. In total, 77 named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains. Question: What is the states rank in size? Answer: 4th Question: What is its rank in popularion? Answer: 44th Question: How many ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains? Answer: 77 Question: Where does the state's name come from? Answer: from the Spanish word montaña
Context: Dreyfus writes that after the Phagmodrupa lost its centralizing power over Tibet in 1434, several attempts by other families to establish hegemonies failed over the next two centuries until 1642 with the 5th Dalai Lama's effective hegemony over Tibet. Question: Who lost their power over Tibet? Answer: the Phagmodrupa Question: What year did the Phagmodrupa lose their power over Tibet? Answer: 1434 Question: What year did the 5th Dalai lama start to dominate over Tibet? Answer: 1642 Question: What did the other families fail to establish? Answer: hegemonies
Context: The most important early Islamic mosaic work is the decoration of the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus, then capital of the Arab Caliphate. The mosque was built between 706 and 715. The caliph obtained 200 skilled workers from the Byzantine Emperor to decorate the building. This is evidenced by the partly Byzantine style of the decoration. The mosaics of the inner courtyard depict Paradise with beautiful trees, flowers and small hill towns and villages in the background. The mosaics include no human figures, which makes them different from the otherwise similar contemporary Byzantine works. The biggest continuous section survives under the western arcade of the courtyard, called the "Barada Panel" after the river Barada. It is thought that the mosque used to have the largest gold mosaic in the world, at over 4 m2. In 1893 a fire damaged the mosque extensively, and many mosaics were lost, although some have been restored since. Question: Where is the most important Islamic mosaic work? Answer: the Umayyad Mosque Question: Where is the the Umayyad Mosque located? Answer: Damascus Question: What was the significance of Damascus during this time period? Answer: capital of the Arab Caliphate Question: What is the largest section of mosaic still present in the Umayyad Mosque? Answer: the "Barada Panel" Question: What happened in 1893 that destroyed most of the mosaics in the mosque? Answer: a fire
Context: Argentina: The torch relay leg in Buenos Aires, Argentina, held on April 11, began with an artistic show at the Lola Mora amphitheatre in Costanera Sur. In the end of the show the mayor of Buenos Aires Mauricio Macri gave the torch to the first torchbearer, Carlos Espínola. The leg finished at the Buenos Aires Riding Club in the Palermo district, the last torchbearer being Gabriela Sabatini. The 13.8 km route included landmarks like the obelisk and Plaza de Mayo. The day was marked by several pro-Tibet protests, which included a giant banner reading "Free Tibet", and an alternative "human rights torch" that was lit by protesters and paraded along the route the flame was to take. Most of these protests were peaceful in nature, and the torch was not impeded. Chinese immigrants also turned out in support of the Games, but only minor scuffles were reported between both groups. Runners surrounded by rows of security carried the Olympic flame past thousands of jubilant Argentines in the most trouble-free torch relay in nearly a week. People showered the parade route with confetti as banks, government offices and businesses took an impromptu half-day holiday for the only Latin American stop on the flame's five-continent journey. Question: When did the Olympic torch relay begin in Buenos Aires? Answer: April 11 Question: Where did the torch route start in Buenos Aires? Answer: the Lola Mora amphitheatre Question: Who was the mayor of Buenos Aires? Answer: Mauricio Macri Question: Where did the Olympic torch relay begin in Argentina? Answer: Buenos Aires Question: What place held an opening show for the relay? Answer: Lola Mora amphitheatre Question: What is the name of the mayor who passed off the torch to the first bearer in Argentina? Answer: Mauricio Macri Question: Who was the first bearer of the torch in Argentina? Answer: Carlos Espínola. Question: What was showered along the route in some places? Answer: confetti
Context: The Anglo-Saxons formed a new, larger, settlement across the Itchen centred on what is now the St Mary's area of the city. The settlement was known as Hamwic, which evolved into Hamtun and then Hampton. Archaeological excavations of this site have uncovered one of the best collections of Saxon artefacts in Europe. It is from this town that the county of Hampshire gets its name. Question: What people established a settlement in what is now the St. Mary's area of Southampton? Answer: Anglo-Saxons Question: What name did the Anglo-Saxons give their settlement first? Answer: Hamwic Question: What name did Hamwic have in the interim as it was evolving into Hampton? Answer: Hamtun Question: What county in England was named after Hampton? Answer: Hampshire Question: What river separated Hamwic from the home of previous settlers? Answer: Itchen
Context: Many Portuguese holidays, festivals and traditions have a Christian origin or connotation. Although relations between the Portuguese state and the Roman Catholic Church were generally amiable and stable since the earliest years of the Portuguese nation, their relative power fluctuated. In the 13th and 14th centuries, the church enjoyed both riches and power stemming from its role in the reconquest, its close identification with early Portuguese nationalism and the foundation of the Portuguese educational system, including the first university. The growth of the Portuguese overseas empire made its missionaries important agents of colonization, with important roles in the education and evangelization of people from all the inhabited continents. The growth of liberal and nascent republican movements during the eras leading to the formation of the First Portuguese Republic (1910–26) changed the role and importance of organized religion. Question: In what religion do many Portuguese holidays and festivals find their origin? Answer: Christian Question: In what centuries did the Roman Catholic Church play a role in the reconquest? Answer: 13th and 14th Question: What changed the role and importance of organized religion in Portugal? Answer: formation of the First Portuguese Republic Question: During what years did the formation of the First Portuguese Republic take place? Answer: 1910–26
Context: There are as many as 22 public beaches (most beaches on St Barthélémy are known as "Anse de..." etc. ) of which 15 are considered suitable for swimming. They are categorized and divided into two groups, the leeward side (calm waters protected by the island itself) and windward side (some of which are protected by hills and reefs). The windward beaches are popular for windsurfing. The beach of St Jean is suitable for water sports and facilities have been created for that purpose. The long beach at Lorient has shade and is a quiet beach as compared to St. Jean. Question: How many public beaches are there in St. Barts? Answer: 22 Question: How many beaches in St. Barts are suitable to swim in? Answer: 15 Question: What is the portion of the island called that is protected from the sea by the island itself? Answer: leeward Question: What is the portion of the island called that is open to the storms and high sea winds? Answer: windward Question: The windward side of St. Barts is popular for what type of activity? Answer: windsurfing Question: How many leeward side beaches are there? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many windward side beaches are there? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are leeward side beaches popular for? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What side of the island is beach of Lorient on? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What side of the island is the beach of St. Jean on? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Breathing is largely driven by the muscular diaphragm, which divides the thorax from the abdominal cavity, forming a dome with its convexity towards the thorax. Contraction of the diaphragm flattens the dome, increasing the volume of the cavity in which the lung is enclosed. Air enters through the oral and nasal cavities; it flows through the larynx, trachea and bronchi and expands the alveoli. Relaxation of the diaphragm has the opposite effect, passively recoiling during normal breathing. During exercise, the abdominal wall contracts, increasing visceral pressure on the diaphragm, thus forcing the air out more quickly and forcefully. The rib cage itself also is able to expand and contract the thoracic cavity to some degree, through the action of other respiratory and accessory respiratory muscles. As a result, air is sucked into or expelled out of the lungs, always moving down its pressure gradient. This type of lung is known as a bellows lung as it resembles a blacksmith's bellows. Mammals take oxygen into their lungs, and discard carbon dioxide. Question: When air enters both the oral and nasal cavities, where does it flow through? Answer: larynx, trachea and bronchi Question: Increasing pressure on the diaphragm thus increasing air output more frequently is usually caused by? Answer: exercise Question: A result of air being sucked into or blown out of the lung thats moving its pressure gradient is referred to? Answer: bellows lung Question: Where did the term Bellows Lung come from? Answer: blacksmith's bellows Question: When mammals take oxygen into their relaxed diaphragm, what happens to the abdominal wall? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is alveoli inspired by? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the ribcage able to passively recoil? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does contraction of the thorax do while increasing the volume of the lung cavity? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When air enters the nasal cavity, what does the rib cage expand? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: By 1200, the Swiss plateau comprised the dominions of the houses of Savoy, Zähringer, Habsburg, and Kyburg. Some regions (Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden, later known as Waldstätten) were accorded the Imperial immediacy to grant the empire direct control over the mountain passes. With the extinction of its male line in 1263 the Kyburg dynasty fell in AD 1264; then the Habsburgs under King Rudolph I (Holy Roman Emperor in 1273) laid claim to the Kyburg lands and annexed them extending their territory to the eastern Swiss plateau. Question: In 1200, what area did the houses of Savoy, Zahringer, Habsburg, and Kyburg comprise? Answer: the Swiss plateau Question: In 1264 AD, what caused the Kyburg dynasty to fall? Answer: extinction of its male line in 1263 Question: Who claimed the Kyburg lands after their fall in 1264 AD? Answer: the Habsburgs Question: Which Holy Roman Emperor were the Habsburgs under in 1273 AD? Answer: King Rudolph I Question: What did the three regions of Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden become known as? Answer: Waldstätten
Context: Members of all classes of the Order are assigned positions in the order of precedence. Wives of male members of all classes also feature on the order of precedence, as do sons, daughters and daughters-in-law of Knights Grand Cross and Knights Commander; relatives of Ladies of the Order, however, are not assigned any special precedence. As a general rule, individuals can derive precedence from their fathers or husbands, but not from their mothers or wives (see order of precedence in England and Wales for the exact positions). Question: What are the Members of classes of the Order assigned to? Answer: positions in the order of precedence Question: Who of the male members feature on the order? Answer: Wives of male members of all classes also feature on the order of precedence, as do sons, daughters and daughters-in-law Question: Who are not assigned any special precedence? Answer: relatives of Ladies of the Order Question: Who can individuals derive precedence from? Answer: fathers or husbands Question: Who can individuals can not derive precedence from? Answer: mothers or wives
Context: Another 44 million acres (18 million hectares) are owned by 12 regional, and scores of local, Native corporations created under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA) of 1971. Regional Native corporation Doyon, Limited often promotes itself as the largest private landowner in Alaska in advertisements and other communications. Provisions of ANCSA allowing the corporations' land holdings to be sold on the open market starting in 1991 were repealed before they could take effect. Effectively, the corporations hold title (including subsurface title in many cases, a privilege denied to individual Alaskans) but cannot sell the land. Individual Native allotments can be and are sold on the open market, however. Question: Which group claims it is Alaska's largest private land owner? Answer: Doyon, Limited Question: What privelege do private Alaskan corporations have that its public citizens do not? Answer: hold title (including subsurface title in many cases Question: Was a law enacted in 1991 allowing corporations to sell land holdings or was it repealed? Answer: repealed before they could take effect Question: Which group claims it is Alaska's smallest private land owner? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which group claims it is Alaska's largest public land owner? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What privelege do public Alaskan corporations have that its public citizens do not? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What privelege do private Alaskan corporations have that its private citizens do not? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Was a law enacted in 1919 allowing corporations to sell land holdings or was it repealed? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In 1936 the US Patent Office declared Bell first on its list of the country's greatest inventors, leading to the US Post Office issuing a commemorative stamp honoring Bell in 1940 as part of its 'Famous Americans Series'. The First Day of Issue ceremony was held on October 28 in Boston, Massachusetts, the city where Bell spent considerable time on research and working with the deaf. The Bell stamp became very popular and sold out in little time. The stamp became, and remains to this day, the most valuable one of the series. Question: In 1936, what place did Bell receive on a list of best inventors? Answer: First Question: What was created in Bell's image in 1940? Answer: commemorative stamp Question: Bell's stamp is part of which line? Answer: Famous Americans Series Question: On what date was the stamp officially released? Answer: October 28 Question: In which city was the stamp officially released? Answer: Boston
Context: The Cubism of Picasso, Braque and Gris had more than a technical or formal significance, and the distinct attitudes and intentions of the Salon Cubists produced different kinds of Cubism, rather than a derivative of their work. "It is by no means clear, in any case," wrote Christopher Green, "to what extent these other Cubists depended on Picasso and Braque for their development of such techniques as faceting, 'passage' and multiple perspective; they could well have arrived at such practices with little knowledge of 'true' Cubism in its early stages, guided above all by their own understanding of Cézanne." The works exhibited by these Cubists at the 1911 and 1912 Salons extended beyond the conventional Cézanne-like subjects—the posed model, still-life and landscape—favored by Picasso and Braque to include large-scale modern-life subjects. Aimed at a large public, these works stressed the use of multiple perspective and complex planar faceting for expressive effect while preserving the eloquence of subjects endowed with literary and philosophical connotations. Question: What did Christopher Green say of the difference between traditional cubist and Salon Cubists? Answer: It is by no means clear, in any case Question: Whom did Braque and Picasso aim their works at? Answer: large public Question: What did Christopher Green say of the similarities between traditional cubist and Salon Cubists? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who said "It is clear, in any case"? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Whom did Braque and Picasso not aim their works at? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What happened in 1913? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Under the CBC's current arrangement with Rogers Communications for National Hockey League broadcast rights, Hockey Night in Canada broadcasts on CBC-owned stations and affiliates are not technically aired over the CBC Television network, but over a separate CRTC-licensed part-time network operated by Rogers. This was required by the CRTC as Rogers exercises editorial control and sells all advertising time during the HNIC broadcasts, even though the CBC bug and promos for other CBC Television programs appear throughout HNIC. Question: Which company owns the rights to National Hockey League broadcasts? Answer: Rogers Communications Question: Where are affiliates of HNIC aired? Answer: a separate CRTC-licensed part-time network operated by Rogers Question: Where are HNIC broadcasts aired? Answer: on CBC-owned stations Question: What company was purchased by the CBC in order to air the National Hockey League? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the most popular program that is aired by CBC-television networks? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why was it necessary to the CBC to purchase Rogers Communication? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The CRTC has limited The CBC promos and other CBC television programs that can appear during which broadcast? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In recent years,[when?] the international community has made efforts to encourage countries to dissociate active and passive bribery and to incriminate them as separate offences.[citation needed] Question: What two types of bribery is the international community trying to get prosecuted as separate? Answer: active and passive bribery
Context: The former ten-year moratorium on the construction of new nuclear power plants was the result of a citizens' initiative voted on in 1990 which had passed with 54.5% Yes vs. 45.5% No votes. Plans for a new nuclear plant in the Canton of Bern have been put on hold after the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi power plant in 2011. The Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE) is the office responsible for all questions relating to energy supply and energy use within the Federal Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications (DETEC). The agency is supporting the 2000-watt society initiative to cut the nation's energy use by more than half by the year 2050. Question: What was the former 10-year moratorium on the construction of nuclear plants the result of? Answer: a citizens' initiative Question: What accident caused the delay in plans for the new nuclear power plant in Bern? Answer: Fukushima Daiichi power plant in 2011 Question: What does SFOE stand for? Answer: Swiss Federal Office of Energy Question: What does DETEC stand for? Answer: Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications Question: What is the 2000-watt society initiative designed to cut by more than half by 2050? Answer: the nation's energy use
Context: On 30 September 1915, troops of the Serbian Army observed three enemy aircraft approaching Kragujevac. Soldiers shot at them with shotguns and machine-guns but failed to prevent them from dropping 45 bombs over the city, hitting military installations, the railway station and many other, mostly civilian, targets in the city. During the bombing raid, private Radoje Ljutovac fired his cannon at the enemy aircraft and successfully shot one down. It crashed in the city and both pilots died from their injuries. The cannon Ljutovac used was not designed as an anti-aircraft gun, it was a slightly modified Turkish cannon captured during the First Balkan War in 1912. This was the first occasion in military history that a military aircraft was shot down with ground-to-air fire. Question: When did Serbian troops notice enemy aircraft approaching Kragujevac? Answer: 30 September 1915 Question: How many bombs did the three aircraft drop on the city? Answer: 45 Question: Which private shot down one aircraft with a cannon? Answer: Radoje Ljutovac Question: What happened to the pilots that were in the aircraft shot down? Answer: both pilots died Question: Which war was the cannon used in prior to this event? Answer: First Balkan War in 1912
Context: In the late 12th-century, a school of polyphony was established at the Notre-Dame. A group of Parisian aristocrats, known as Trouvères, became known for their poetry and songs. Troubadors were also popular. During the reign of Francois I, the lute became popular in the French court, and a national musical printing house was established. During the Renaissance era, the French Boleroroyals "disported themselves in masques, ballets, allegorical dances, recitals, and opera and comedy". Baroque-era composers include Jean-Baptiste Lully, Jean-Philippe Rameau, and François Couperin and were popular. The Conservatoire de Musique de Paris was founded in 1795. By 1870, Paris had become an important centre for symphony, ballet and operatic music. Romantic-era composers (in Paris) include Hector Berlioz (La Symphonie fantastique), Charles Gounod (Faust), Camille Saint-Saëns (Samson et Delilah), Léo Delibes (Lakmé) and Jules Massenet (Thaïs), among others. Georges Bizet's Carmen premiered 3 March 1875. Carmen has since become one of the most popular and frequently-performed operas in the classical canon; Impressionist composers Claude Debussy ((La Mer) and Maurice Ravel (Boléro) also made significant contributions to piano (Clair de lune, Miroirs), orchestra, opera (Palléas et Mélisande), and other musical forms. Foreign-born composers have made their homes in Paris and have made significant contributions both with their works and their influence. They include Frédéric Chopin (Poland), Franz Liszt (Hungary), Jacques Offenbach (Germany), and Igor Stravinsky (Russia). Question: in what century was a school of polyphony established at Notre Dame? Answer: 12th Question: In what year was the Conservatoire de Musique de Paris founded? Answer: 1795 Question: Under whos reign did the lute become popular? Answer: Francois I Question: Who wrote Carmen? Answer: Georges Bizet's Question: Where was Frederic Chopin from? Answer: Poland
Context: In Singapore, madrasahs are private schools which are overseen by Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura (MUIS, English: Islamic Religious Council of Singapore). There are six Madrasahs in Singapore, catering to students from Primary 1 to Secondary 4. Four Madrasahs are coeducational and two are for girls. Students take a range of Islamic Studies subjects in addition to mainstream MOE curriculum subjects and sit for the PSLE and GCE 'O' Levels like their peers. In 2009, MUIS introduced the "Joint Madrasah System" (JMS), a joint collaboration of Madrasah Al-Irsyad Al-Islamiah primary school and secondary schools Madrasah Aljunied Al-Islamiah (offering the ukhrawi, or religious stream) and Madrasah Al-Arabiah Al-Islamiah (offering the academic stream). The JMS aims to introduce the International Baccalaureate (IB) programme into the Madrasah Al-Arabiah Al-Islamiah by 2019. Students attending a madrasah are required to wear the traditional Malay attire, including the songkok for boys and tudong for girls, in contrast to mainstream government schools which ban religious headgear as Singapore is officially a secular state. For students who wish to attend a mainstream school, they may opt to take classes on weekends at the madrasah instead of enrolling full-time. Question: How many madrasahs are in Sinagapore? Answer: six Question: What program is being installed in madrasahs in Singapore? Answer: International Baccalaureate Question: What year is it planned for IB programs to be in place at Madrasah Al-Arabiah Al-Islamiah? Answer: 2019 Question: What will the uniform be at Madrasah Al-Arabiah Al-Islamiah? Answer: the songkok for boys and tudong for girls Question: How many madrasahs are outside of Sinagapore? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What program is being installed in madrasahs outside of Singapore? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What year is it planned for IB programs to be in taken out of Madrasah Al-Arabiah Al-Islamiah? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What will not be included in the uniform at Madrasah Al-Arabiah Al-Islamiah? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Cubist contribution to the 1912 Salon d'Automne created scandal regarding the use of government owned buildings, such as the Grand Palais, to exhibit such artwork. The indignation of the politician Jean Pierre Philippe Lampué made the front page of Le Journal, 5 October 1912. The controversy spread to the Municipal Council of Paris, leading to a debate in the Chambre des Députés about the use of public funds to provide the venue for such art. The Cubists were defended by the Socialist deputy, Marcel Sembat. Question: Which politician made the front page of Le Journa in 1912 for his indignation? Answer: Jean Pierre Philippe Lampué Question: Who defended the Cubists in the controversy of 1912? Answer: Socialist deputy, Marcel Sembat. Question: Towards which social topic did the Cubists at the Salon d'Automne creat contrevesy towards? Answer: the use of government owned buildings, Question: Which politician made the front page of Le Journa in 1913 for his indignation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who defended the Cubists in the controversy of 1915? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Towards which social topic did the Cubists at the Salon d'Automne not create controversy towards? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What happened in 1911? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The first overseas deployment of Canadian military forces occurred during the Second Boer War, when several units were raised to serve under British command. Similarly, when the United Kingdom entered into conflict with Germany in the First World War, Canadian troops were called to participate in European theatres. The Canadian Crown-in-Council then decided to send its forces into the Second World War, as well as the Korean War. Question: When was the first overseas deployment of the Canadian Military? Answer: Second Boer War Question: Under what command did they serve? Answer: British command Question: When were Canadian Troops called upon to assist in Europe? Answer: the First World War Question: What other European war were the Canadian Forces involved in? Answer: Second World War Question: What Asian war were the Canadian Forces involved in? Answer: Korean War Question: What force was first deployed overseas during the Second World War? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who entered into conflict with the United Kingdom during the First World War? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What wars did the Canadian Council-in-Crown send its forces into? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the first overseas deployment of the French Military? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Under what command did they not serve? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When were Canadian Troops called upon to assist in Asia? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What other European war were the Canadian Forces not involved in? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What Asian war were the Canadian Forces never involved in? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Instruments have divided Christendom since their introduction into worship. They were considered a Catholic innovation, not widely practiced until the 18th century, and were opposed vigorously in worship by a number of Protestant Reformers, including Martin Luther (1483–1546), Ulrich Zwingli, John Calvin (1509–1564) and John Wesley (1703–1791). Alexander Campbell referred to the use of an instrument in worship as "a cow bell in a concert". In Sir Walter Scott's The Heart of Midlothian, the heroine, Jeanie Deans, a Scottish Presbyterian, writes to her father about the church situation she has found in England (bold added): Question: Why were instruments more unwelcome to Christians? Answer: They were considered a Catholic innovation Question: What was the name of the book in which Jeanie Deans is the protagonist? Answer: The Heart of Midlothian Question: Who is quoted for saying instruments in religious services are like "A cow bell in a concert" Answer: Alexander Campbell Question: Who authored The Heart of the Midlothian? Answer: Sir Walter Scott Question: What divides the worlds religions? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was considered an Easter Catholic inovation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was first use introduced into worship in the 1800's? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who opposed a capella music in worship during the 18th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Luther refer to as "a cow bell in a concert"? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What has divided Catholics since they have been used in worship? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Catholics oppose to be used in worship? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Martin Luther mention about using instruments during church worship? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Ulrich Zwingli write that had Jeanie Deans as the heroine? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of religion is John Calvin a member of in the book? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Tuvalu (i/tuːˈvɑːluː/ too-VAH-loo or /ˈtuːvəluː/ TOO-və-loo), formerly known as the Ellice Islands, is a Polynesian island nation located in the Pacific Ocean, midway between Hawaii and Australia. It comprises three reef islands and six true atolls spread out between the latitude of 5° to 10° south and longitude of 176° to 180°, west of the International Date Line. Its nearest neighbours are Kiribati, Nauru, Samoa and Fiji. Tuvalu has a population of 10,640 (2012 census). The total land area of the islands of Tuvalu is 26 square kilometres (10 sq mi). Question: What is the previous name of Tuvalu? Answer: Ellice Islands Question: In which ocean is Tuvalu found? Answer: Pacific Ocean Question: Between what land areas is Tuvalu located? Answer: Hawaii and Australia Question: According the the 2012 census, how many people live on the Tuvalu islands? Answer: 10,640 Question: What originally formed the Tuvalu islands? Answer: reef
Context: The main coastal towns are, from the west to the north-east, Minehead, Watchet, Burnham-on-Sea, Weston-super-Mare, Clevedon and Portishead. The coastal area between Minehead and the eastern extreme of the administrative county's coastline at Brean Down is known as Bridgwater Bay, and is a National Nature Reserve. North of that, the coast forms Weston Bay and Sand Bay whose northern tip, Sand Point, marks the lower limit of the Severn Estuary. In the mid and north of the county the coastline is low as the level wetlands of the levels meet the sea. In the west, the coastline is high and dramatic where the plateau of Exmoor meets the sea, with high cliffs and waterfalls. Question: What are the main coastal towns Answer: Minehead, Watchet, Burnham-on-Sea, Weston-super-Mare, Clevedon and Portishead Question: what is the name of the natural reserve area Answer: Bridgwater Bay, and is a National Nature Reserve Question: what does the western coastline look like Answer: the coastline is high and dramatic where the plateau of Exmoor meets the sea, with high cliffs and waterfalls. Question: What is east of Weston Bay? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the largest main coastal town? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the smallest main coastal town? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What lies between Burnham-on-Sea and Weston-super-Mare? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What marks the upper limit of the Severn Estuary? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Tito-Stalin split had large ramifications for countries outside the USSR and Yugoslavia. It has, for example, been given as one of the reasons for the Slánský trial in Czechoslovakia, in which 14 high-level Communist officials were purged, with 11 of them being executed. Stalin put pressure on Czechoslovakia to conduct purges in order to discourage the spread of the idea of a "national path to socialism," which Tito espoused. Question: How many high-level Communists were purged in the Slansky trial? Answer: 14 Question: How many Communists were executed at the Slansky trial? Answer: 11 Question: What country had pressure put on it by Stalin to conduct purges? Answer: Czechoslovakia Question: Who espoused the "national path to socialism"? Answer: Tito Question: Who put pressure on Checkoslovakia to conduct purges? Answer: Stalin
Context: The poor performance of the Portuguese economy was explored in April 2007 by The Economist, which described Portugal as "a new sick man of Europe". From 2002 to 2007, the number of unemployed increased by 65% (270,500 unemployed citizens in 2002, 448,600 unemployed citizens in 2007). By early December 2009, the unemployment rate had reached 10.2% – a 23-year record high. In December 2009, ratings agency Standard & Poor's lowered its long-term credit assessment of Portugal to "negative" from "stable," voicing pessimism on the country's structural weaknesses in the economy and weak competitiveness that would hamper growth and the capacity to strengthen its public finances and reduce debt. In July 2011, ratings agency Moody's downgraded its long-term credit assessment of Portugal after warning of deteriorating risk of default in March 2011. Question: What magazine described Portugal as "a new sick man of Europe?" Answer: The Economist Question: Between 2002 and 2007, by what percentage did the rate of unemployment change? Answer: 65% Question: What percentage did the unemployment rate reach in December, 2009? Answer: 10.2% Question: In 2009, what rating did Standard & Poor's assign to Portugal's long-term credit assessment? Answer: negative Question: In which year did Moody's downgrade Portugal's long-term credit assessment? Answer: 2011
Context: Homer refers to the "Hellenes" (/ˈhɛliːnz/) as a relatively small tribe settled in Thessalic Phthia, with its warriors under the command of Achilleus. The Parian Chronicle says that Phthia was the homeland of the Hellenes and that this name was given to those previously called Greeks (Γραικοί). In Greek mythology, Hellen, the patriarch of Hellenes, was son of Pyrrha and Deucalion, who ruled around Phthia, the only survivors after the great deluge. It seems that the myth was invented when the Greek tribes started to separate from each other in certain areas of Greece and it indicates their common origin. Aristotle names ancient Hellas as an area in Epirus between Dodona and the Achelous river, the location of the great deluge of Deucalion, a land occupied by the Selloi and the "Greeks" who later came to be known as "Hellenes". Selloi were the priests of Dodonian Zeus and the word probably means "sacrificers" (compare Gothic saljan, "present, sacrifice"). There is currently no satisfactory etymology of the name Hellenes. Some scholars assert that the name Selloi changed to Sellanes and then to Hellanes-Hellenes. However this etymology connects the name Hellenes with the Dorians who occupied Epirus and the relation with the name Greeks given by the Romans becomes uncertain. The name Hellenes seems to be older and it was probably used by the Greeks with the establishment of the Great Amphictyonic League. This was an ancient association of Greek tribes with twelve founders which was organized to protect the great temples of Apollo in Delphi (Phocis) and of Demeter near Thermopylae (Locris). According to the legend it was founded after the Trojan War by the eponymous Amphictyon, brother of Hellen. Question: What area is given to be the nesting point of a small group of pagans by a infamous philosopher from Greek ? Answer: Hellenes" (/ˈhɛliːnz/) as a relatively small tribe settled in Thessalic Phthia, Question: Who is this small group named for ? Answer: Hellen, the patriarch of Hellenes Question: From what mystical lineage does this name benefactor ascend from ? Answer: was son of Pyrrha and Deucalion, who ruled around Phthia, the only survivors after the great deluge. Question: Is the name more ancient than other group names in the area ? Answer: The name Hellenes seems to be older and it was probably used by the Greeks with the establishment of the Great Amphictyonic League. Question: How many orginal founding patrons are there of the Great Amphictyonic League ? Answer: with twelve founders Question: What area is given to be the nesting point of a small group of pagans by a very famous philosopher from Greek? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who is this small group not named for? Answer: Unanswerable Question: From what mystical lineage does this name benefactor descend from Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many orginal founding patrons are there of the Great Emphictyonic League Answer: Unanswerable
Context: While they have played in suburban Foxborough since 1971, the New England Patriots of the National Football League were founded in 1960 as the Boston Patriots, changing their name after relocating. The team won the Super Bowl after the 2001, 2003, 2004, and 2014 seasons. They share Gillette Stadium with the New England Revolution of Major League Soccer. The Boston Breakers of Women's Professional Soccer, which formed in 2009, play their home games at Dilboy Stadium in Somerville. Question: What league do the new England patriots belong to? Answer: the National Football League Question: What year were the new England patriots founded in? Answer: 1960 Question: What was the original name of the new England patriots? Answer: Boston Patriots Question: When dod the Boston patriots change their name? Answer: after relocating Question: What stadium do the patriots play in? Answer: Gillette Stadium
Context: In comparison to the other regions of Spain, the major economic benefit of Galicia is its fishing Industry. Galicia is a land of economic contrast. While the western coast, with its major population centers and its fishing and manufacturing industries, is prosperous and increasing in population, the rural hinterland — the provinces of Ourense and Lugo — is economically dependent on traditional agriculture, based on small landholdings called minifundios. However, the rise of tourism, sustainable forestry and organic and traditional agriculture are bringing other possibilities to the Galician economy without compromising the preservation of the natural resources and the local culture. Question: Which industry is Galicia's main money maker? Answer: fishing Question: What are the landholdings that the farming industry uses called? Answer: minifundios
Context: Earth's surface and the clouds absorb visible and invisible radiation from the sun and re-emit much of the energy as infrared back to atmosphere. Certain substances in the atmosphere, chiefly cloud droplets and water vapor, but also carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride, and chlorofluorocarbons, absorb this infrared, and re-radiate it in all directions including back to Earth. Thus, the greenhouse effect keeps the atmosphere and surface much warmer than if the infrared absorbers were absent from the atmosphere. Question: Along with the surface of the Earth, what objects absorb radiation from the sun? Answer: clouds Question: After Earth surface's absorbs radiation, in what spectrum is much of it re-emitted? Answer: infrared Question: Along with water vapor, what atmospheric substance primarily absorbs the infrared emitted by the Earth? Answer: cloud droplets Question: What notable warming effect does the presence of infrared absorbers contribute to? Answer: greenhouse Question: What does the greenhouse effect absorb from the sun? Answer: Unanswerable Question: After Earth absorbs methane, in what spectrum is it re-emitted? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What substances absorb the sulfur hexafluoride emitted by the Earth? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What keeps the atmosphere and surface re-radiated? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What substances emit water vapor back to the atmosphere? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: When the news arrived in England it caused an outcry. In response, a combined bounty of £1,000 was offered for Every's capture by the Privy Council and East India Company, leading to the first worldwide manhunt in recorded history. The plunder of Aurangzeb's treasure ship had serious consequences for the English East India Company. The furious Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb ordered Sidi Yaqub and Nawab Daud Khan to attack and close four of the company's factories in India and imprison their officers, who were almost lynched by a mob of angry Mughals, blaming them for their countryman's depredations, and threatened to put an end to all English trading in India. To appease Emperor Aurangzeb and particularly his Grand Vizier Asad Khan, Parliament exempted Every from all of the Acts of Grace (pardons) and amnesties it would subsequently issue to other pirates. Question: Who caused the first worldwide manhunt? Answer: Every Question: What was the total bounty offered for Captian Every after England heard that the Ganj-i-Sawai was taken Answer: £1,000 Question: Captian Every was the focus of the first recorded worldwide.... what in history? Answer: manhunt Question: What was the name of the council that offered part of the bounty for Captain Every Answer: Privy Council Question: Who took 4 East India ship and arrested their officers as a reaction to the attack on Ganj-i-Sawai Answer: Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb Question: Due to the danger the Captian Every put the trading abiliy of East India Company what Act would he never qualify for that other pirate were later offered? Answer: Acts of Grace Question: Who caused the first worldwide witch-hunt? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the total bounty offered for Captain Every after Germany heard that the Ganj-i-Sawai was taken? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the name of the council that offered all of the bounty for Captain Every? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who took 12 East India ship and arrested their officers as a reaction to the attack on Ganj-i-Sawai? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Thousands of fonts exist on the market, but fewer than a dozen fonts—sometimes described as "pan-Unicode" fonts—attempt to support the majority of Unicode's character repertoire. Instead, Unicode-based fonts typically focus on supporting only basic ASCII and particular scripts or sets of characters or symbols. Several reasons justify this approach: applications and documents rarely need to render characters from more than one or two writing systems; fonts tend to demand resources in computing environments; and operating systems and applications show increasing intelligence in regard to obtaining glyph information from separate font files as needed, i.e., font substitution. Furthermore, designing a consistent set of rendering instructions for tens of thousands of glyphs constitutes a monumental task; such a venture passes the point of diminishing returns for most typefaces. Question: How many fonts support the majority of Unicode's character repertoire? Answer: fewer than a dozen fonts Question: What are the fonts that support Unicode referred to as? Answer: "pan-Unicode" fonts Question: Unicode-based fonts are normally focused on supporting what? Answer: basic ASCII and particular scripts or sets of characters or symbols Question: What are most of the fonts on the market called? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Pan unicode fonts only support what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What normally need more than one or two writing systems? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is another name for computing environments? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The final has been played at the rebuilt Wembley Stadium since it opened, in 2007. The rebuilding process meant that between 2001 and 2006 they were hosted at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff in Wales. Prior to rebuilding, the final was hosted by the original Wembley Stadium since it opened in 1923 (being originally named the Empire Stadium). One exception to this 78 year series of Empire Stadium finals (including five replays) was the 1970 replay between Leeds and Chelsea, held at Old Trafford in Manchester. Question: Where is the final played now? Answer: The final has been played at the rebuilt Wembley Stadium Question: When did this stadium open? Answer: it opened, in 2007. Question: Where was the FA cup held while this stadium was built? Answer: between 2001 and 2006 they were hosted at the Millennium Stadium Question: Where is Millennium Stadium located? Answer: Cardiff in Wales Question: Was it always held in Millennium Stadium? Answer: Prior to rebuilding, the final was hosted by the original Wembley Stadium Question: Where has the final never been played after 2007? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did Millennium Stadium open? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where is Wembley Stadium located? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did Old Trafford open? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the Millennium Stadium originally named? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: From the end of World War II until 1971, when John Rawls published A Theory of Justice, political philosophy declined in the Anglo-American academic world, as analytic philosophers expressed skepticism about the possibility that normative judgments had cognitive content, and political science turned toward statistical methods and behavioralism. In continental Europe, on the other hand, the postwar decades saw a huge blossoming of political philosophy, with Marxism dominating the field. This was the time of Jean-Paul Sartre and Louis Althusser, and the victories of Mao Zedong in China and Fidel Castro in Cuba, as well as the events of May 1968 led to increased interest in revolutionary ideology, especially by the New Left. A number of continental European émigrés to Britain and the United States—including Karl Popper, Friedrich Hayek, Leo Strauss, Isaiah Berlin, Eric Voegelin and Judith Shklar—encouraged continued study in political philosophy in the Anglo-American world, but in the 1950s and 1960s they and their students remained at odds with the analytic establishment. Question: Who published A Theory of Justice? Answer: John Rawls Question: What did John Rawls publish? Answer: A Theory of Justice Question: What continent saw a huge blossoming of political philosophy? Answer: Europe Question: The events of May 1968 led to an increased interest in what? Answer: revolutionary ideology Question: From the end of WWII until 1971 what declined in China? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was continental Europe skeptical about? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Marxism turn towards from the end of WWII until 1971? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In the 1950's and 1960's what group was interested in revolutionary ideology? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What immigrants to the US and Britain encouraged studies in Marxism? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Despite wide use by politicians, judges and academics, the rule of law has been described as "an exceedingly elusive notion". Among modern legal theorists, one finds that at least two principal conceptions of the rule of law can be identified: a formalist or "thin" definition, and a substantive or "thick" definition; one occasionally encounters a third "functional" conception. Formalist definitions of the rule of law do not make a judgment about the "justness" of law itself, but define specific procedural attributes that a legal framework must have in order to be in compliance with the rule of law. Substantive conceptions of the rule of law go beyond this and include certain substantive rights that are said to be based on, or derived from, the rule of law. Question: What is another word for a thin definition? Answer: formalist Question: What is another word for a thick definition? Answer: substantive Question: Who commonly, or at least attempt to, abide by the rule of law? Answer: politicians, judges and academics Question: On what do aspects of the rule of law do formalist definitions focus? Answer: specific procedural attributes Question: What is the third and lesser referred to approach on defining the rule of law? Answer: functional Question: Who has spoken against the rule of law? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who uses a substantive or thin definition of rule of law? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who uses a formalist or thick definition of rule of law? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What definition by formalist makes a judgment about the justness of law? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What conception of the rule of law excludes substantive rights? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The performance of "Summertime" by Barrino, later known simply as "Fantasia", at Top 8 was widely praised, and Simon Cowell considered it as his favorite Idol moment in the nine seasons he was on the show. Fantasia and Diana DeGarmo were the last two finalists, and Fantasia was crowned as the winner. Fantasia released as her coronation single "I Believe", a song co-written by season one finalist Tamyra Gray, and DeGarmo released "Dreams". Fantasia went on to gain some successes as a recording artist, while Hudson, who placed seventh, became the only Idol contestant so far to win both an Academy Award and a Grammy. Question: Who was the runner up on the third season of American Idol? Answer: Diana DeGarmo Question: What was the name of the first single that Fantasia released after winning American Idol? Answer: I Believe Question: What was the first song released by Diana DeGarmo after coming in second on American Idol? Answer: Dreams Question: What song did Fantasia sing on the Top 8 show? Answer: Summertime Question: Who has said that Barrino's rendition of Summertime has been his top moment of all seasons? Answer: Simon Cowell Question: Who were the final two contestants? Answer: Fantasia and Diana DeGarmo Question: Who was declared the season winner? Answer: Fantasia Question: What was Fantasia's coronation song? Answer: I Believe
Context: Chickens raised intensively for their meat are known as "broilers". Breeds have been developed that can grow to an acceptable carcass size (2 kg (4.4 lb)) in six weeks or less. Broilers grow so fast, their legs cannot always support their weight and their hearts and respiratory systems may not be able to supply enough oxygen to their developing muscles. Mortality rates at 1% are much higher than for less-intensively reared laying birds which take 18 weeks to reach similar weights. Processing the birds is done automatically with conveyor-belt efficiency. They are hung by their feet, stunned, killed, bled, scalded, plucked, have their heads and feet removed, eviscerated, washed, chilled, drained, weighed, and packed, all within the course of little over two hours. Question: What is the average size of chickens used extensively for it's meat production raised in an intensive environment? Answer: carcass size (2 kg (4.4 lb)) Question: How long does it take for an broiler raisedin an intensive environment very to reach optimum size? Answer: six weeks or less Question: What is the death rate among chickens who are intensivley breed to be broilers? Answer: Mortality rates at 1% Question: Do chicken raised in the intensive broiler method suffer from health condions? Answer: their legs cannot always support their weight and their hearts and respiratory systems may not be able to supply enough oxygen to their developing muscles. Question: How long does it take for a chicken raised in a less intensive envionment to reach optimal broiler size? Answer: 18 weeks to reach similar weights Question: What are chickens raised only for their fashion sense known as? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How long does it take a broiler to reach gargantuan size? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the death rate among chickens who are intensively bred to be fried chicken? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why are broilers considered to be very healthy chickens? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How do chickens like to spend their vacations? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Boulton Paul Defiant, despite its poor performance during daylight engagements, was a much better night fighter. It was faster, able to catch the bombers and its configuration of four machine guns in a turret could (much like German night fighters in 1943–1945 with Schräge Musik) engage the unsuspecting German bomber from beneath. Attacks from below offered a larger target, compared to attacking tail-on, as well as a better chance of not being seen by the bomber (so less chance of evasion), as well as greater likelihood of detonating its bombload. In subsequent months a steady number of German bombers would fall to night fighters. Question: What performed better during night fighting? Answer: The Boulton Paul Defiant Question: How could aircraft engage bombers when fitted with a turret? Answer: engage the unsuspecting German bomber from beneath Question: What benefits did attacking from below offer? Answer: larger target, compared to attacking tail-on, as well as a better chance of not being seen by the bomber
Context: Beer was spread through Europe by Germanic and Celtic tribes as far back as 3000 BC, and it was mainly brewed on a domestic scale. The product that the early Europeans drank might not be recognised as beer by most people today. Alongside the basic starch source, the early European beers might contain fruits, honey, numerous types of plants, spices and other substances such as narcotic herbs. What they did not contain was hops, as that was a later addition, first mentioned in Europe around 822 by a Carolingian Abbot and again in 1067 by Abbess Hildegard of Bingen. Question: What year were hops first believed to be added to beer? Answer: 822 Question: On what continent were hops first added to beer? Answer: Europe Question: What was a Carolingian Abbot credited for adding to beer in 822? Answer: hops Question: Who was believed to have added hops to beer in 1067? Answer: Abbess Hildegard Question: Where did Abbess Hildegard live? Answer: Bingen Question: What was a Carolingian Abbot credited for adding to beer in 1067? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In which year did the Germanic and Celtic tribes add hops to beer? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What town first added hops to beer? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In addition to hops, what did the early European beers contain? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In 822 what did Abbess Hilegard add to beer? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was spread through Europe as far back as 1067 BC? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was first added around 282? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who first mentioned hops in 282? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was the second to mention hops in 1076? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Apple spent $2.5 million purchasing all 39 advertising pages in a special, post-election issue of Newsweek, and ran a "Test Drive a Macintosh" promotion, in which potential buyers with a credit card could take home a Macintosh for 24 hours and return it to a dealer afterwards. While 200,000 people participated, dealers disliked the promotion, the supply of computers was insufficient for demand, and many were returned in such a bad condition that they could no longer be sold. This marketing campaign caused CEO John Sculley to raise the price from US$1,995 to US$2,495 (about $5,200 when adjusted for inflation in 2010). The computer sold well, nonetheless, reportedly outselling the IBM PCjr which also began shipping early that year. By April 1984 the company sold 50,000 Macintoshes, and hoped for 70,000 by early May and almost 250,000 by the end of the year. Question: How much did Apple spend to advertise in a special post-election issue of Newsweek? Answer: $2.5 million Question: What was the name of the big promotion Apple ran in the special edition of Newsweek? Answer: "Test Drive a Macintosh" Question: What did Apple allow potential buyers to take home and try for 24 hours? Answer: a Macintosh Question: How were many computers returned during the Test Drive a Macintosh promotion that made them unsellable? Answer: a bad condition Question: Who was the CEO of Apple during the Test Drive a Macintosh promotion? Answer: John Sculley
Context: The existence of the early state of Shu was poorly recorded in the main historical records of China. It was, however, referred to in the Book of Documents as an ally of the Zhou. Accounts of Shu exist mainly as a mixture of mythological stories and historical legends recorded in local annals such as the Chronicles of Huayang compiled in the Jin dynasty (265–420), with folk stories such as that of Emperor Duyu (杜宇) who taught the people agriculture and transformed himself into a cuckoo after his death. The existence of a highly developed civilization with an independent bronze industry in Sichuan eventually came to light with an archaeological discovery in 1986 at a small village named Sanxingdui in Guanghan, Sichuan. This site, believed to be an ancient city of Shu, was initially discovered by a local farmer in 1929 who found jade and stone artefacts. Excavations by archaeologists in the area yielded few significant finds until 1986 when two major sacrificial pits were found with spectacular bronze items as well as artefacts in jade, gold, earthenware, and stone. This and other discoveries in Sichuan contest the conventional historiography that the local culture and technology of Sichuan were undeveloped in comparison to the technologically and culturally "advanced" Yellow River valley of north-central China. The name Shu continues to be used to refer to Sichuan in subsequent periods in Chinese history up to the present day. Question: What did Emperor Duyu transform himself into after his death? Answer: a cuckoo Question: What does the name Shu refer to? Answer: Sichuan in subsequent periods in Chinese history up to the present day. Question: When was the site believed to be ancient city of Shu discovered, and by whom? Answer: a local farmer in 1929 Question: The Shu were an ally of who, according to the Book of Documents? Answer: the Zhou Question: When were the Chronicles of Huayang compiled? Answer: the Jin dynasty (265–420) Question: What civilization is well documented in China's historical records? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What book is one of the only written refrences to Zhou? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What local annual refers to Zhou in a mixture of myths and historical legends? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What iron age city was discovered in 1986? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What civilization was Sichuan less developed than? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The earliest examples of visual representations in Iranian history are traced back to the bas-reliefs of Persepolis, c. 500 BC. Persepolis was the ritual center of the ancient kingdom of Achaemenids, and the figures at Persepolis remain bound by the rules of grammar and syntax of visual language. The Iranian visual arts reached a pinnacle by the Sassanid Era. A bas-relief from this period in Taq Bostan depicts a complex hunting scene. Similar works from the period have been found to articulate movements and actions in a highly sophisticated manner. It is even possible to see a progenitor of the cinema close-up in one of these works of art, which shows a wounded wild pig escaping from the hunting ground. Question: What were the first known examples of Iranian visual art? Answer: the bas-reliefs of Persepolis Question: How far back can the first known examples of Iranian visual art be traced to? Answer: c. 500 BC Question: What city was the ritual center of the Archaemenids? Answer: Persepolis Question: In what era did Iranian visual art reach its peak? Answer: the Sassanid Era
Context: The Premier League is a corporation in which the 20 member clubs act as shareholders. Seasons run from August to May. Teams play 38 matches each (playing each team in the league twice, home and away), totalling 380 matches in the season. Most games are played on Saturday and Sunday afternoons; others during weekday evenings. It is currently sponsored by Barclays Bank and thus officially known as the Barclays Premier League and is colloquially known as the Premiership. Outside the UK it is commonly referred to as the English Premier League (EPL). Question: How many club members are there? Answer: The Premier League is a corporation in which the 20 member clubs act as shareholders Question: How many matches does each team play? Answer: Teams play 38 matches each (playing each team in the league twice, home and away), totalling 380 matches in the season. Question: What days are most games played? Answer: Most games are played on Saturday and Sunday afternoons; others during weekday evenings Question: Who sponsors the Premier League? Answer: It is currently sponsored by Barclays Bank and thus officially known as the Barclays Premier League and is colloquially known as the Premiership. Question: What name is the Premier League known as outside of the United Kingdom? Answer: Outside the UK it is commonly referred to as the English Premier League (EPL). Question: How many member clubs are shareholders in the Premier League? Answer: 20 Question: When do Premier League seasons run from? Answer: August to May Question: How many matches do each team play? Answer: 38 Question: Who sponsors the Premier League? Answer: Barclays Bank Question: What is the Premier League commonly referred to outside the UK? Answer: English Premier League Question: Teams play each other 3 times in which league? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In the Premier League, what do the 38 member clubs act as? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What runs from May to August? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are mostly played on Sunday mornings? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Because it is sponsored by the shareholders, what is the league officially known as? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Medieval Cholas rose to prominence during the middle of the 9th century C.E. and established the greatest empire South India had seen. They successfully united the South India under their rule and through their naval strength extended their influence in the Southeast Asian countries such as Srivijaya. Under Rajaraja Chola I and his successors Rajendra Chola I, Rajadhiraja Chola, Virarajendra Chola and Kulothunga Chola I the dynasty became a military, economic and cultural power in South Asia and South-East Asia. Rajendra Chola I's navies went even further, occupying the sea coasts from Burma to Vietnam, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, the Lakshadweep (Laccadive) islands, Sumatra, and the Malay Peninsula in Southeast Asia and the Pegu islands. The power of the new empire was proclaimed to the eastern world by the expedition to the Ganges which Rajendra Chola I undertook and by the occupation of cities of the maritime empire of Srivijaya in Southeast Asia, as well as by the repeated embassies to China. They dominated the political affairs of Sri Lanka for over two centuries through repeated invasions and occupation. They also had continuing trade contacts with the Arabs in the west and with the Chinese empire in the east. Rajaraja Chola I and his equally distinguished son Rajendra Chola I gave political unity to the whole of Southern India and established the Chola Empire as a respected sea power. Under the Cholas, the South India reached new heights of excellence in art, religion and literature. In all of these spheres, the Chola period marked the culmination of movements that had begun in an earlier age under the Pallavas. Monumental architecture in the form of majestic temples and sculpture in stone and bronze reached a finesse never before achieved in India. Question: What area did the Cholas unite in the 9th century? Answer: South India Question: What kind of power did the Chola dynasty become in south India? Answer: military, economic and cultural Question: In what area did the Chola Empire establish political unity? Answer: whole of Southern India Question: In what type of architecture did the Cholas excel? Answer: Monumental Question: From their contacts and conquests in surrounding sea areas, what did this establish the Chola empire as? Answer: sea power
Context: Anti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, but this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them. In California and the western US, there were greater numbers of Latino and Asian residents. These were prohibited from official relationships with whites. White legislators passed laws prohibiting marriage between European and Asian Americans until the 1950s. Question: What were put in place to prevent the mix of races? Answer: Anti-miscegenation laws Question: Why did the anti-miscegenation not insure that there was no interracial mixing? Answer: white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them Question: Where was there greater numbers of Latinos and Asian residents? Answer: In California and the western US Question: What races were prohibited from official relationships with whites? Answer: Latino and Asian residents Question: When were the laws against marriage between Asians and Europeans lifted? Answer: 1950s Question: When were anti-miscegenation laws passed? Answer: Anti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries Question: Did these laws change behavior of white slaveholders and other powerful white men? Answer: this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines Question: Which region has greater numbers of Latino and Asian residents? Answer: In California and the western US, Question: Were there any laws against marriage between whites and Asians in the US? Answer: White legislators passed laws prohibiting marriage between European and Asian Americans until the 1950s. Question: Were Latino residents also prohibited from marrying whites? Answer: were prohibited from official relationships with whites. Question: In the western US, who were not allowed to have relationships with whites? Answer: Latino and Asian residents Question: When did laws stop banning marriage between whites and asians? Answer: the 1950s Question: Who were taking slaves as concubines? Answer: white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men Question: What laws were passed in the 21st century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who refused to take slave women as concubines? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where in the US were there smaller numbers of Asian and Latino residents? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was permitted to have official relationships with whites? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was prohibited after the 1950s? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Due to the ratio of U.S. and Mexican-licensed stations, San Diego is the largest media market in the United States that is legally unable to support a television station duopoly between two full-power stations under FCC regulations, which disallow duopolies in metropolitan areas with fewer than nine full-power television stations and require that there must be eight unique station owners that remain once a duopoly is formed (there are only seven full-power stations on the California side of the San Diego-Tijuana market).[citation needed] Though the E. W. Scripps Company owns KGTV and KZSD-LP, they are not considered a duopoly under the FCC's legal definition as common ownership between full-power and low-power television stations in the same market is permitted regardless to the number of stations licensed to the area. As a whole, the Mexico side of the San Diego-Tijuana market has two duopolies and one triopoly (Entravision Communications owns both XHAS-TV and XHDTV-TV, Azteca owns XHJK-TV and XHTIT-TV, and Grupo Televisa owns XHUAA-TV and XHWT-TV along with being the license holder for XETV-TV, which is run by California-based subsidiary Bay City Television). Question: How many duopolies does the Mexico side of San Diego-Tijuana have? Answer: two Question: What company owns XHDTV-TV and XHAS-TV? Answer: Entravision Communications Question: Which station is ran by Bay City Television? Answer: XETV-TV Question: What two stations are owned by Azteca? Answer: XHJK-TV and XHTIT-TV Question: How many duopolies doesn't the Mexico side of San Diego-Tijuana have? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What company disowns XHDTV-TV and XHAS-TV? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which station is ran by Ray City Television? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which station isn't ran by Bay City Television? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What three stations are owned by Azteca? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The earliest known references to the islands as a group appeared in the writings of sea-farers from the ancient Greek colony of Massalia. The original records have been lost; however, later writings, e.g. Avienus's Ora maritima, that quoted from the Massaliote Periplus (6th century BC) and from Pytheas's On the Ocean (circa 325–320 BC) have survived. In the 1st century BC, Diodorus Siculus has Prettanikē nēsos, "the British Island", and Prettanoi, "the Britons". Strabo used Βρεττανική (Brettanike), and Marcian of Heraclea, in his Periplus maris exteri, used αἱ Πρεττανικαί νῆσοι (the Prettanic Isles) to refer to the islands. Historians today, though not in absolute agreement, largely agree that these Greek and Latin names were probably drawn from native Celtic-language names for the archipelago. Along these lines, the inhabitants of the islands were called the Πρεττανοί (Priteni or Pretani). The shift from the "P" of Pretannia to the "B" of Britannia by the Romans occurred during the time of Julius Caesar. Question: Where did the first known occurrence of the British Isle name appear in written material? Answer: writings of sea-farers Question: What is one of the earliest surviving records that mention the name British Isles? Answer: Massaliote Periplus (6th century BC) Question: What language do most historians agree upon where the Greek names for the British Isles came from? Answer: native Celtic-language Question: What did the ancient Greeks call the people that lived in the British Isles? Answer: Πρεττανοί (Priteni or Pretani) Question: When did the "P" sound of Pretannia change to the "B" sound of Britannia? Answer: during the time of Julius Caesar Question: What group of islands was first discovered my the Greek colony of Massalia. Answer: Unanswerable Question: What languages bored from the Greeks when they named the islands? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What Roman named the Islands? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who changed Britannia to Pretannia? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The oldest known references to the agreements as a whole appeared where? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Most historians today agree that these British names most likely originated from what native languages names? Answer: Unanswerable Question: During the time of Julius Caesar, the shift from the B of Britannia to the P of what occurred? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Although the original records have since been found, later writings that quoted from what are lost? Answer: Unanswerable

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