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Context: In Article 3 of the Treaty of San Francisco between the Allied Powers and Japan, which came into force in April 1952, the U.S. put the outlying islands of the Ryukyus, including the island of Okinawa—home to over 1 million Okinawans related to the Japanese—and the Bonin Islands, the Volcano Islands, and Iwo Jima into U.S. trusteeship. All these trusteeships were slowly returned to Japanese rule. Okinawa was returned on May 15, 1972, but the U.S. stations troops in the island's bases as a defense for Japan. Question: When did Artcle 3 of the Treaty of San Francisco come into effect? Answer: April 1952 Question: How many people lived on the island of Okinawa? Answer: over 1 million Question: When was Okinawa finally returned? Answer: May 15, 1972 Question: Why did the US have troops on Okinawa? Answer: as a defense for Japan. Question: When did Article 2 of the Treaty of San Francisco come into effect? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many people lived on the island of Bonin? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was San Francisco finally returned? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why did the Japanese have troops on Okinawa? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who put the outlying islands of the Ryukyus into Bonin trusteeship? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Digimon started out as digital pets called "Digital Monsters", similar in style and concept to the Tamagotchi. It was planned by WiZ and released by Bandai on June 26, 1997. The toy began as the simple concept of a Tamagotchi mainly for boys. The V-Pet is similar to its predecessors, with the exceptions of being more difficult and being able to fight other Digimon v-pets. Every owner would start with a Baby Digimon, train it, evolve it, take care of it, and then have battles with other Digimon owners to see who was stronger. The Digimon pet had several evolution capabilities and abilities too, so many owners had different Digimon. In December, the second generation of Digital Monster was released, followed by a third edition in 1998. Question: What companies were responsible for the creation and subsequent release of the original digimon? Answer: planned by WiZ and released by Bandai Question: What made digimon different from similar digital pets? Answer: being more difficult and being able to fight other Digimon v-pets Question: What year was the second generation of digimon released? Answer: 1997 Question: What was involved in the original digimon virtual pet gameplay? Answer: Every owner would start with a Baby Digimon, train it, evolve it, take care of it, and then have battles with other Digimon owners Question: Who was the main market for the original digimon? Answer: mainly for boys Question: What did the Digimon pets originally start out as? Answer: Digital Monsters Question: When was the Digimon released by WiZ? Answer: June 26, 1997 Question: In what month was the second generation of the Digital Monsters Released? Answer: December Question: What year was the third edition released? Answer: 1998 Question: What companies were responsible for the re-release Digimon Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was originally intended for mainly girls? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What predecessor's a Digimon similar to? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do many owners have the same Digimon? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In the second half of the 20th Century a modern movement in Nichiren Buddhism: Soka Gakkai (Value Creation Society) emerged in Japan and spread further to other countries. Soka Gakkai International (SGI) is a lay Buddhist movement linking more than 12 million people around the world, and is currently described as "the most diverse" and "the largest lay Buddhist movement in the world".[web 21] Question: What Buddhism emerged in the second half of the 20th century in Japan? Answer: Nichiren Buddhism: Soka Gakkai Question: What does Soka Gakkai mean in English? Answer: Value Creation Society Question: What Buddhist movement has linked more than 12 million people? Answer: Soka Gakkai International Question: What is the largest Buddhist movement in the world? Answer: SGI
Context: Legal studies advanced during the 12th century. Both secular law and canon law, or ecclesiastical law, were studied in the High Middle Ages. Secular law, or Roman law, was advanced greatly by the discovery of the Corpus Juris Civilis in the 11th century, and by 1100 Roman law was being taught at Bologna. This led to the recording and standardisation of legal codes throughout Western Europe. Canon law was also studied, and around 1140 a monk named Gratian (fl. 12th century), a teacher at Bologna, wrote what became the standard text of canon law—the Decretum. Question: What is another name for canon law? Answer: ecclesiastical law Question: What is another name for Roman law? Answer: Secular law Question: Where could one study Roman law in 1100? Answer: Bologna Question: In what century was the Corpus Juris Civilis rediscovered? Answer: 11th Question: Who wrote the Decretum? Answer: Gratian
Context: Miami has one of the largest television markets in the nation and the second largest in the state of Florida. Miami has several major newspapers, the main and largest newspaper being The Miami Herald. El Nuevo Herald is the major and largest Spanish-language newspaper. The Miami Herald and El Nuevo Herald are Miami's and South Florida's main, major and largest newspapers. The papers left their longtime home in downtown Miami in 2013. The newspapers are now headquartered at the former home of U.S. Southern Command in Doral. Question: When did El Nuevo Herald leave Miami? Answer: 2013 Question: In what community is the Miami Herald currently located? Answer: Doral Question: Among television markets in Florida, where dies Miami rank? Answer: second Question: What is the largest newspaper in Miami? Answer: Miami Herald Question: What is Miami's largest newspaper written in Spanish? Answer: El Nuevo Herald Question: When did El Nuevo Herald stay in Miami? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what community is the Miami Herald currently not located? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Among radio markets in Florida, where does Miami rank? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the smallest newspaper in Miami? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is Miami's smallest newspaper written in Spanish? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: "Chopped" units are referred to as forces. The top-level structure of these forces is the Air and Space Expeditionary Task Force (AETF). The AETF is the Air Force presentation of forces to a CCDR for the employment of Air Power. Each CCDR is supported by a standing Component Numbered Air Force (C-NAF) to provide planning and execution of aerospace forces in support of CCDR requirements. Each C-NAF consists of a Commander, Air Force Forces (COMAFFOR) and AFFOR/A-staff, and an Air Operations Center (AOC). As needed to support multiple Joint Force Commanders (JFC) in the COCOM's Area of Responsibility (AOR), the C-NAF may deploy Air Component Coordinate Elements (ACCE) to liaise with the JFC. If the Air Force possesses the preponderance of air forces in a JFC's area of operations, the COMAFFOR will also serve as the Joint Forces Air Component Commander (JFACC). Question: What are "Chopped" units called in the USAF? Answer: forces Question: What is the top level structure of these Chopped forces in the USAF? Answer: Air and Space Expeditionary Task Force Question: What does the C-NAF provide support to? Answer: planning and execution of aerospace forces Question: Who does the C-NAFF coordinate with on ACEE missions? Answer: JFC
Context: Spanish explorers traveling inland in the 16th century met Mississippian culture people at Joara, a regional chiefdom near present-day Morganton. Records of Hernando de Soto attested to his meeting with them in 1540. In 1567 Captain Juan Pardo led an expedition to claim the area for the Spanish colony and to establish another route to protect silver mines in Mexico. Pardo made a winter base at Joara, which he renamed Cuenca. His expedition built Fort San Juan and left a contingent of 30 men there, while Pardo traveled further, and built and garrisoned five other forts. He returned by a different route to Santa Elena on Parris Island, South Carolina, then a center of Spanish Florida. In the spring of 1568, natives killed all but one of the soldiers and burned the six forts in the interior, including the one at Fort San Juan. Although the Spanish never returned to the interior, this effort marked the first European attempt at colonization of the interior of what became the United States. A 16th-century journal by Pardo's scribe Bandera and archaeological findings since 1986 at Joara have confirmed the settlement. Question: In the 16th century, where did Spanish explorers meet Mississipian cultureal people? Answer: Joara Question: What is Joara? Answer: a regional chiefdom Question: Where would present day Joara be? Answer: near present-day Morganton Question: What was the name of the Spanish man that met the people in Joara? Answer: Hernando de Soto Question: What year did hernando de Soto arrive in Joara? Answer: 1540
Context: On July 25, 2015, the 18th and 19th satellites were successfully launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center, marking the first time for China to launch two satellites at once on top of a Long March 3B/Expedition-1 carrier rocket. The Expedition-1 is an independent upper stage capable of delivering one or more spacecraft into different orbits. Question: When were the 18th and 19th satellites for the BeiDou system launched? Answer: July 25, 2015 Question: Where were the 18th and 19th satellites for the BeiDou system launched from? Answer: the Xichang Satellite Launch Center Question: What were the 18th and 19th satellites for the BeiDou system launched with? Answer: Long March 3B/Expedition-1 carrier rocket Question: What is the Expedition-1? Answer: an independent upper stage capable of delivering one or more spacecraft into different orbits Question: During which month of 2007 was the 18th satellite launched? Answer: Unanswerable Question: During which month of 2017 was the 19th satellite launched? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In which year was the 20th satellite launched? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where were the 2nd and 3rd satellites launched from? Answer: Unanswerable Question: This marked the third time China launched how many satellites at once? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Dell had long stuck by its direct sales model. Consumers had become the main drivers of PC sales in recent years, yet there had a decline in consumers purchasing PCs through the Web or on the phone, as increasing numbers were visiting consumer electronics retail stores to try out the devices first. Dell's rivals in the PC industry, HP, Gateway and Acer, had a long retail presence and so were well poised to take advantage of the consumer shift. The lack of a retail presence stymied Dell's attempts to offer consumer electronics such as flat-panel TVs and MP3 players. Dell responded by experimenting with mall kiosks, plus quasi-retail stores in Texas and New York. Question: What sales model did Dell use for a long time? Answer: direct Question: Who were the main driving force behind PC sales? Answer: Consumers Question: Where were consumers going to buy devices other than online? Answer: consumer electronics retail stores Question: What market presence did Dell lack? Answer: retail Question: What was one city that Dell tested retail stores in? Answer: Texas Question: What sales model did Dell not use for a long time? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who were the minor driving force behind PC sales? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where were consumers going to buy devices other than offline? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What market presence did Dell have? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was one city that Dell tested retail stores in? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Since the Spanish transition to democracy (1975–1982), Catalan has been institutionalizated as an official language, language of education, and language of mass media; all of which have contributed to its increased prestige. In Catalonia, there is no parallel of a large, bilingual, European, non-state speech community. The teaching of Catalan is mandatory in all schools, but it is possible to use Spanish for studying in the public education system of Catalonia in two situations, if the teacher assigned to a class chooses to use Spanish, or during the learning process of one or some recently arrived students. There is also some intergenerational shift towards Catalan. Question: Since the transition what language has been proclaimed mandatory in schools? Answer: Catalan Question: Where is the teaching of Catalan mandatory? Answer: in all schools Question: Since the transition, what is the official language? Answer: Catalan Question: Besides as an official and an educational language, where else is Catalan the prefered language? Answer: mass media
Context: Reviews of the various editions of Windows 8 have been mixed. Tom Warren of The Verge said that although Windows 8's emphasis on touch computing was significant and risked alienating desktop users, a "tablet PC with Windows 8 makes an iPad feel immediately out of date" due to the capabilities of the operating system's hybrid model and increased focus on cloud services. David Pierce of The Verge described Windows 8 as "the first desktop operating system that understands what a computer is supposed to do in 2012" and praised Microsoft's "no compromise" approach and the operating system's emphasis on Internet connectivity and cloud services. Pierce also considered the Start Screen to be a "brilliant innovation for desktop computers" when compared with "folder-littered desktops on every other OS" because it allows users to interact with dynamic information. In contrast, an ExtremeTech article said it was Microsoft "flailing" and a review in PC Magazine condemned the Metro-style user interface. Some of the included apps in Windows 8 were considered to be basic and lacking in functionality, but the Xbox apps were praised for their promotion of a multi-platform entertainment experience. Other improvements and features (such as File History, Storage Spaces, and the updated Task Manager) were also regarded as positive changes. Peter Bright of Ars Technica wrote that while its user interface changes may overshadow them, Windows 8's improved performance, updated file manager, new storage functionality, expanded security features, and updated Task Manager were still positive improvements for the operating system. Bright also said that Windows 8's duality towards tablets and traditional PCs was an "extremely ambitious" aspect of the platform as well, but criticized Microsoft for emulating Apple's model of a closed distribution platform when implementing the Windows Store. Question: Who equated windos 8 as the first desktop operating system that understand what a computer is supposed to do? Answer: David Pierce Question: Why did Pierce give the Start Screen such glowing reviews? Answer: because it allows users to interact with dynamic information Question: Which improvements were most well regarded? Answer: File History, Storage Spaces, and the updated Task Manager Question: Who else uses a closed distribution platform? Answer: Apple Question: Who equated windows 9 as the first desktop operating system that understand what a computer is supposed to do? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who equated windows 8 as the last desktop operating system that understand what a computer is supposed to do? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why did Pierce give the Start Screen such poor reviews? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which improvements were least well regarded? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who else uses an open distribution platform? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: CAMRA maintains a "National Inventory" of historical notability and of architecturally and decoratively notable pubs. The National Trust owns thirty-six public houses of historic interest including the George Inn, Southwark, London and The Crown Liquor Saloon, Belfast, Northern Ireland. Question: How many pubs does the National Trust own? Answer: thirty-six Question: In what city is the George Inn located? Answer: London Question: What city is home to The Crown Liquor Saloon? Answer: Belfast Question: What part of the United Kingdom is Belfast located in? Answer: Northern Ireland Question: What body maintains a National Inventory of notable pubs? Answer: CAMRA
Context: Plants and various other groups of photosynthetic eukaryotes collectively known as "algae" have unique organelles known as chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are thought to be descended from cyanobacteria that formed endosymbiotic relationships with ancient plant and algal ancestors. Chloroplasts and cyanobacteria contain the blue-green pigment chlorophyll a. Chlorophyll a (as well as its plant and green algal-specific cousin chlorophyll b)[a] absorbs light in the blue-violet and orange/red parts of the spectrum while reflecting and transmitting the green light that we see as the characteristic colour of these organisms. The energy in the red and blue light that these pigments absorb is used by chloroplasts to make energy-rich carbon compounds from carbon dioxide and water by oxygenic photosynthesis, a process that generates molecular oxygen (O2) as a by-product. Question: what parts of algae are unique to them? Answer: chloroplasts Question: From what ancient oxygen producing plant are chloroplasts descended? Answer: cyanobacteria Question: What color is chlorophyll? Answer: blue-green Question: What organelles are unique to algae? Answer: chloroplasts Question: From what ancient source are chloroplasts descended? Answer: cyanobacteria Question: What color does a plant with chlorophyll appear to be? Answer: green
Context: Over the course of Ottoman history, the Ottomans managed to build a large collection of libraries complete with translations of books from other cultures, as well as original manuscripts. A great part of this desire for local and foreign manuscripts arose in the 15th Century. Sultan Mehmet II ordered Georgios Amiroutzes, a Greek scholar from Trabzon, to translate and make available to Ottoman educational institutions the geography book of Ptolemy. Another example is Ali Qushji -an astronomer, mathematician and physicist originally from Samarkand- who became a professor in two madrasas, and influenced Ottoman circles as a result of his writings and the activities of his students, even though he only spent two or three years before his death in Istanbul. Question: In what century did the Ottoman's start to desire foreign manuscripts? Answer: 15th Century Question: Which sultan ordered a Greek scholar to do translations of work by Ptolemy? Answer: Sultan Mehmet II Question: Who did an Ottoman sultan order to translate work by Ptolemy? Answer: Georgios Amiroutzes Question: How many years did Ali Qushji spend in Istanbul? Answer: two or three years Question: Where was Ali Qushji from? Answer: originally from Samarkand
Context: As with zoneinfo, a user of Microsoft Windows configures DST by specifying the name of a location, and the operating system then consults a table of rule sets that must be updated when DST rules change. Procedures for specifying the name and updating the table vary with release. Updates are not issued for older versions of Microsoft Windows. Windows Vista supports at most two start and end rules per time zone setting. In a Canadian location observing DST, a single Vista setting supports both 1987–2006 and post-2006 time stamps, but mishandles some older time stamps. Older Microsoft Windows systems usually store only a single start and end rule for each zone, so that the same Canadian setting reliably supports only post-2006 time stamps. Question: Similar to systems using zoneinfo, Microsoft Windows calculates DST by doing what? Answer: specifying the name of a location Question: When does the table of rule sets the Windows operating system uses have to be updated? Answer: when DST rules change Question: If your computer runs Vista, what's the maximum number of start and end rules you can have for each time zone setting? Answer: two Question: If located in Canada somewhere where DST is observed, a system running Vista might mishandle time stamps that are older than what year? Answer: 1987 Question: On a system running Windows older than Vista, locations in Canada observing DST would only reliably support time stamps from after what year? Answer: 2006
Context: Education is compulsory from the age of 7 to 13. The enrollment of boys is higher than that of girls. In 1998, the gross primary enrollment rate was 53.5%, with higher enrollment ratio for males (67.7%) compared to females (40%). Question: What are the ages when education is compulsory? Answer: 7 to 13 Question: What gender has a higher enrollment? Answer: boys Question: What was the gross primary enrollment rate in 1998? Answer: 53.5% Question: What was the gross primary enrollment rate for males? Answer: 67.7% Question: What was the gross primary enrollment rate for females? Answer: 40%
Context: Eastern deciduous forests are subject to a number of serious insect and disease outbreaks. Among the most conspicuous is that of the introduced gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar), which infests primarily oaks, causing severe defoliation and tree mortality. But it also has the benefit of eliminating weak individuals, and thus improving the genetic stock, as well as creating rich habitat of a type through accumulation of dead wood. Because hardwoods sprout so readily, this moth is not as harmful as the hemlock woolly adelgid. Perhaps more serious is the introduced beech bark disease complex, which includes both a scale insect (Cryptococcus fagisuga) and fungal components. Question: What is worse than the hemlock woolly adelgid? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of sprouts have a hard time growing? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is considered more serious than beech bark disease complex? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the scientific name for the adelgid? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does the hemlock woolly adelgid help improve? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: West's musical career has been defined by frequent stylistic shifts, and has seen him develop and explore a variety of different musical approaches and genres throughout his work. When asked about his musical inspirations, he has named A Tribe Called Quest, Stevie Wonder, Michael Jackson, George Michael, LL Cool J, Phil Collins and Madonna as early interests. He has further described musician David Bowie as one of his "most important inspirations," and named producer Puff Daddy as the "most important cultural figure in my life." Early in his career, West pioneered a style of production dubbed "chipmunk soul" which utilized pitched-up vocal samples, usually from soul and R&B songs, along with his own drums and instrumentation. His first major release featuring his trademark soulful vocal sampling style was "This Can't Be Life", a track from Jay-Z’s The Dynasty: Roc La Familia. West has said that Wu-Tang Clan producer RZA influenced him in his style, and has named Wu-Tang rappers Ghostface Killah and Ol' Dirty Bastard as inspirations. RZA spoke positively of the comparisons, stating in an interview for Rolling Stone, "All good. I got super respect for Kanye [...] [he] is going to inspire people to be like him." West further developed his style on his 2004 debut album, The College Dropout. After a rough version was leaked, he meticulously refined the production, adding string arrangements, gospel choirs, and improved drum programming. Question: What English musician did Kanye cite as one of his biggest inspirations? Answer: David Bowie Question: Kanye has stated that members from which rap group influenced his early style? Answer: Wu-Tang Clan Question: What name did Kanye's early production style coin. Answer: chipmunk soul Question: What artist was named by Kanye West to be his "most important inspiration"? Answer: David Bowie Question: Who was Kanye's greatest cultural figure? Answer: Puff Daddy Question: What was the name of the song that first featured Kanye's "chipmunk soul" style? Answer: "This Can't Be Life"
Context: In 1815, the British government selected Saint Helena as the place of detention of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was taken to the island in October 1815. Napoleon stayed at the Briars pavilion on the grounds of the Balcombe family's home until his permanent residence, Longwood House, was completed in December 1815. Napoleon died there on 5 May 1821. Question: The British government detained who in Saint Helena? Answer: Napoleon Bonaparte Question: What year was Napoleon Bonaparte taken to the island? Answer: 1815 Question: Where did Napoleon Bonaparte stay until he found permanent residence? Answer: Briars pavilion Question: What ended up being the permanent residence of Napoleon Bonaparte? Answer: Longwood House Question: What year did Napoleon Bonaparte pass away? Answer: 1821
Context: In the US, one kilowatt-hour (3.6 MJ) of electricity currently causes an average 1.34 pounds (610 g) of CO 2 emission. Assuming the average light bulb is on for 10 hours a day, a 40-watt bulb will cause 196 pounds (89 kg) of CO 2 emission per year. The 6-watt LED equivalent will only cause 30 pounds (14 kg) of CO 2 over the same time span. A building’s carbon footprint from lighting can therefore be reduced by 85% by exchanging all incandescent bulbs for new LEDs if a building previously used only incandescent bulbs. Question: In what country does one kilowatt-hour of electricity causes 1.34 pounds of CO 2 emission? Answer: US Question: How much CO2 emission would a 40-watt light bulb produce after 10 hours? Answer: 196 pounds Question: A 6-watt LED left on for 10 hours a day will emit how much CO 2? Answer: 30 pounds Question: How much can a building's carbon footprint be reduced by switching to LEDs? Answer: 85% Question: In what country does one kilowatt-hour of electricity causes 1.34 pounds of CO 3 emission? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How much CO2 emission would a 50-watt light bulb produce after 10 hours? Answer: Unanswerable Question: A 9-watt LED left on for 10 hours a day will emit how much CO 2? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How much can a building's carbon footprint be reduced by switching to non-LEDs? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In December 2006, Robert "Evel" Knievel sued West for trademark infringement in West's video for "Touch the Sky". Knievel took issue with a "sexually charged video" in which West takes on the persona of "Evel Kanyevel" and attempts flying a rocket over a canyon. The suit claimed infringement on Knievel's trademarked name and likeness. Knievel also claimed that the "vulgar and offensive" images depicted in the video damaged his reputation. The suit sought monetary damages and an injunction to stop distribution of the video. West's attorneys argued that the music video amounted to satire and therefore was covered under the First Amendment. Just days before his death in November 2007, Knievel amicably settled the suit after being paid a visit from West, saying, "I thought he was a wonderful guy and quite a gentleman." Question: What famous stuntman sued Kanye for purported use of his likeness in 2006? Answer: Robert "Evel" Knievel Question: When was the suit settled? Answer: days before his death in November 2007 Question: Which celebrity sued West in 2006 for trademark infrigement? Answer: Robert "Evel" Knievel Question: What was the name of the nickname Kanye West took on in his video "Touch the Sky"? Answer: Evel Kanyevel Question: When did Knievel settle the argument with West? Answer: November 2007
Context: In the 5th-century Ravenna, the capital of the Western Roman Empire, became the center of late Roman mosaic art. The Mausoleum of Galla Placidia was decorated with mosaics of high artistic quality in 425–430. The vaults of the small, cross-shaped structure are clad with mosaics on blue background. The central motif above the crossing is a golden cross in the middle of the starry sky. Another great building established by Galla Placidia was the church of San Giovanni Evangelista. She erected it in fulfillment of a vow that she made having escaped from a deadly storm in 425 on the sea voyage from Constantinople to Ravenna. The mosaics depicted the storm, portraits of members of the western and eastern imperial family and the bishop of Ravenna, Peter Chrysologus. They are known only from Renaissance sources because almost all were destroyed in 1747. Question: In the 5th century what was the capital of the Western Roman Empire? Answer: Ravenna Question: What years was the Mausoleum of Galla Placidia decorated with mosaics? Answer: 425–430 Question: What other famous landmark in Ravenna was established by Galla Placidia? Answer: the church of San Giovanni Evangelista Question: Why did Galla Placidia erect the church of San Giovanni Evangelista? Answer: fulfillment of a vow Question: When were most of the mosaics at the church of San Giovanni Evangelista destroyed? Answer: 1747
Context: The structure of a gene consists of many elements of which the actual protein coding sequence is often only a small part. These include DNA regions that are not transcribed as well as untranslated regions of the RNA. Question: Often, how large a part of the structure of a gene is the protein coding sequence? Answer: often only a small part Question: What often plays only a small part in the structure of a gene? Answer: the actual protein coding sequence Question: What is one of the many elements that the structure of a gene consists of? Answer: DNA regions that are not transcribed Question: What is another element of the structure of a gene? Answer: untranslated regions of the RNA Question: What elements does the structure of a gene consist of? Answer: DNA regions that are not transcribed as well as untranslated regions of the RNA
Context: In nature, uranium is found as uranium-238 (99.2742%) and uranium-235 (0.7204%). Isotope separation concentrates (enriches) the fissionable uranium-235 for nuclear weapons and most nuclear power plants, except for gas cooled reactors and pressurised heavy water reactors. Most neutrons released by a fissioning atom of uranium-235 must impact other uranium-235 atoms to sustain the nuclear chain reaction. The concentration and amount of uranium-235 needed to achieve this is called a 'critical mass'. Question: What percentage of uranium in nature is uranium-235? Answer: 0.7204% Question: What is the most prevalent natural isotope of uranium? Answer: uranium-238 Question: What is the term for the amount of uranium-235 needed to sustain a nuclear chain reaction? Answer: critical mass Question: What percentage of natural uranium is isotope 238? Answer: 99.2742% Question: Along with gas cooled reactors, what type of reactor doesn't use uranium-235? Answer: pressurised heavy water Question: What percentage of uranium in nature is uranium-335? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the most prevalent unnatural isotope of uranium? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the term for the amount of uranium-335 needed to sustain a nuclear chain reaction? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What percentage of unnatural uranium is isotope 238? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Along with gas heated reactors, what type of reactor doesn't use uranium-235? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In June 1986, Madonna released her third studio album, True Blue, which was inspired by and dedicated to Sean Penn. Rolling Stone magazine was generally impressed with the effort, writing that the album "sound[s] as if it comes from the heart". It resulted in three singles making it to number-one on the Billboard Hot 100: "Live to Tell", "Papa Don't Preach" and "Open Your Heart", and two more top-five singles: "True Blue" and "La Isla Bonita". The album topped the charts in over 28 countries worldwide, an unprecedented achievement at the time, and became her best-selling studio album of her career to this date with sales of 25 million. In the same year, Madonna starred in the critically panned film Shanghai Surprise, for which she was awarded the Golden Raspberry Award for "worst actress". She made her theatrical debut in a production of David Rabe's Goose and Tom-Tom; the film and play both co-starred Penn. The next year, Madonna was featured in the film Who's That Girl. She contributed four songs to its soundtrack, including the title track and "Causing a Commotion". Question: When was Madonna's third album released? Answer: June 1986 Question: Who was the album True Blue dedicated to? Answer: Sean Penn Question: Madonna's album topped in how many countries chart worldwide? Answer: 28 countries Question: What award did Madonna receive for her role in the film Shanghai Surprise? Answer: Golden Raspberry Award Question: Name a soundtrack in the film Who's That Girl? Answer: Causing a Commotion
Context: In the 16th century political and religious changes altered the attitude of historians towards John. Tudor historians were generally favourably inclined towards the king, focusing on John's opposition to the Papacy and his promotion of the special rights and prerogatives of a king. Revisionist histories written by John Foxe, William Tyndale and Robert Barnes portrayed John as an early Protestant hero, and John Foxe included the king in his Book of Martyrs. John Speed's Historie of Great Britaine in 1632 praised John's "great renown" as a king; he blamed the bias of medieval chroniclers for the king's poor reputation. Question: When did political and religious changes alter the attitude of historians towards John? Answer: 16th century Question: Which historians were favourably inclined towards the king? Answer: Tudor historians Question: What praised John's "great renown" as a king? Answer: John Speed's Historie of Great Britaine
Context: The University Daily Kansan operates outside of the university's William Allen White School of Journalism and reaches an audience of at least 30,000 daily readers through its print and online publications Question: In what two forms of media is the Daily Kansan available? Answer: print and online Question: What institution houses the Daily Kansan? Answer: William Allen White School of Journalism Question: How big is the Daily Kansan's audience? Answer: at least 30,000 Question: In what three forms of media is the Daily Kansan available? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what two forms of media is the Weekly Kansan available? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What institution doesn't house the Daily Kansan? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What institution houses the Monthly Kansan? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How big is the Daily Kansan's staff? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The titles of state supreme court vary, which can cause confusion between jurisdictions because one state may use a name for its highest court that another uses for a lower court. In New York, Maryland, and the District of Columbia the highest court is called the Court of Appeals, a name used by many states for their intermediate appellate courts. Further, trial courts of general jurisdiction in New York are called the Supreme Court, and the intermediate appellate court is called the Supreme Court, Appellate Division. In West Virginia, the highest court of the state is the Supreme Court of Appeals. In Maine and Massachusetts the highest court is styled the "Supreme Judicial Court"; the last is the oldest appellate court of continuous operation in the Western Hemisphere. Question: What may cause some confusion in the US regarding state supreme courts? Answer: titles of state supreme court vary Question: The Court of Appeals is the high court in which US States or territories? Answer: New York, Maryland, and the District of Columbia Question: What is West Virginia's highest court called? Answer: Supreme Court of Appeals Question: What state's supreme court is the oldest appellate court body in the western hemisphere? Answer: Massachusetts Question: Supreme Courts in New York serve what function? Answer: trial courts of general jurisdiction Question: What is the highest court in Virginia? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What state has the oldest judicial court of continuous operation in the Western Hemisphere? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In New York, what is the intermediate judicial court called? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Esoteric or Sufi interpretation attempts to unveil the inner meanings of the Quran. Sufism moves beyond the apparent (zahir) point of the verses and instead relates Quranic verses to the inner or esoteric (batin) and metaphysical dimensions of consciousness and existence. According to Sands, esoteric interpretations are more suggestive than declarative, they are allusions (isharat) rather than explanations (tafsir). They indicate possibilities as much as they demonstrate the insights of each writer. Question: What is another term for Sufi Quranic interpretation? Answer: Esoteric Question: What Arabic word describes the aspects of Quranic verses that Sufism tries to push beyond? Answer: zahir Question: Sands says Sufi interpretations tend to use which literary device rather than direct explanation? Answer: allusions Question: What is an Arabic term for allusions? Answer: isharat Question: What is another term for Sufi Quranic misinterpretation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What isn't another term for Sufi Quranic interpretation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What Arabic word describes the aspects of Biblical verses that Sufism tries to push beyond? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Sands says Sufi interpretations tend to use which literary device rather than indirect explanation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What isn't an Arabic term for allusions? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The clan groupings of the Somali people are important social units, and clan membership plays a central part in Somali culture and politics. Clans are patrilineal and are often divided into sub-clans, sometimes with many sub-divisions. The tombs of the founders of the Darod, Dir and Isaaq major clans as well as the Abgaal sub-clan of the Hawiye are all located in northern Somalia. Tradition holds this general area as an ancestral homeland of the Somali people. Question: What is a basic social unit of Somali society? Answer: clan Question: In what geographical portion of Somalia is the tomb of the founder of the Dir clan located? Answer: northern Question: Of what clan is the Abgaal a sub-clan? Answer: Hawiye
Context: In response to the September 11 attacks, and as part of the Global War on Terror, U.S. and NATO forces invaded Afghanistan in October 2001, displacing the Taliban government. The U.S. Army also led the combined U.S. and allied invasion of Iraq in 2003. It served as the primary source for ground forces with its ability to sustain short and long-term deployment operations. In the following years the mission changed from conflict between regular militaries to counterinsurgency, resulting in the deaths of more than 4,000 U.S service members (as of March 2008) and injuries to thousands more. 23,813 insurgents were killed in Iraq between 2003–2011. Question: Which country was invaded by the U.S. in October 2001? Answer: Afghanistan Question: The U.S. Army invaded Iraq in what year? Answer: 2003 Question: About how many U.S. soldiers died as of March 2008 due to counterinsurgency? Answer: more than 4,000 Question: How many Iraqi insurgents were killed from 2003-2011? Answer: 23,813 Question: Which country was liberated by the U.S. in October 2001? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What year did the European country invade Iraq? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many European soldiers died as of March 2008 due to counterinsurgency? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many Palestinian insurgents were killed from 2003-2011? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What year did the Chinese lead a combined coalition into Iraq? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Much of the current knowledge of memory has come from studying memory disorders, particularly amnesia. Loss of memory is known as amnesia. Amnesia can result from extensive damage to: (a) the regions of the medial temporal lobe, such as the hippocampus, dentate gyrus, subiculum, amygdala, the parahippocampal, entorhinal, and perirhinal cortices or the (b) midline diencephalic region, specifically the dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus and the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus. There are many sorts of amnesia, and by studying their different forms, it has become possible to observe apparent defects in individual sub-systems of the brain's memory systems, and thus hypothesize their function in the normally working brain. Other neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease can also affect memory and cognition. Hyperthymesia, or hyperthymesic syndrome, is a disorder that affects an individual's autobiographical memory, essentially meaning that they cannot forget small details that otherwise would not be stored. Korsakoff's syndrome, also known as Korsakoff's psychosis, amnesic-confabulatory syndrome, is an organic brain disease that adversely affects memory by widespread loss or shrinkage of neurons within the prefrontal cortex. Question: What is a term to describe memory loss? Answer: amnesia. Question: What diseases can have a major imact on memory? Answer: Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease Question: What is Korsakoff's syndrome? Answer: an organic brain disease that adversely affects memory by widespread loss or shrinkage of neurons within the prefrontal cortex. Question: Is amnesia only seen in one form? Answer: There are many sorts of amnesia, Question: What happens to a person whose autobiographic memory is damaged? Answer: that they cannot forget small details that otherwise would not be stored Question: What is a term to describe memory gain? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What diseases does not have a major impact on memory? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is Alzheimer's syndrome? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why is amnesia only seen in one form? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What happens to a person whose biographic memory is damaged? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Other sports clubs include Plymouth Albion R.F.C. and the Plymouth Raiders basketball club. Plymouth Albion Rugby Football Club is a rugby union club that was founded in 1875 and are currently competing in the third tier of Professional English Rugby . They play at the Brickfields. Plymouth Raiders play in the British Basketball League – the top tier of British basketball. They play at the Plymouth Pavilions entertainment arena and were founded in 1983. Plymouth cricket club was formed in 1843, the current 1st XI play in the Devon Premier League. Plymouth Devils are a speedway team in the British Premier League. Plymouth was home to an American football club, the Plymouth Admirals until 2010. Plymouth is also home to Plymouth Marjons Hockey Club, with their 1st XI playing in the National League last season. Question: What rugby union team is based in Plymouth? Answer: Plymouth Albion R.F.C. Question: What British Basketball League team calls Plymouth home? Answer: Plymouth Raiders Question: When was Plymouth Albion R.F.C. founded? Answer: 1875 Question: Where do the Plymouth Raiders play their home games? Answer: Plymouth Pavilions Question: When were the Plymouth Raiders inaugurated? Answer: 1983
Context: GM cotton acreage in India grew at a rapid rate, increasing from 50,000 hectares in 2002 to 10.6 million hectares in 2011. The total cotton area in India was 12.1 million hectares in 2011, so GM cotton was grown on 88% of the cotton area. This made India the country with the largest area of GM cotton in the world. A long-term study on the economic impacts of Bt cotton in India, published in the Journal PNAS in 2012, showed that Bt cotton has increased yields, profits, and living standards of smallholder farmers. The U.S. GM cotton crop was 4.0 million hectares in 2011 the second largest area in the world, the Chinese GM cotton crop was third largest by area with 3.9 million hectares and Pakistan had the fourth largest GM cotton crop area of 2.6 million hectares in 2011. The initial introduction of GM cotton proved to be a success in Australia – the yields were equivalent to the non-transgenic varieties and the crop used much less pesticide to produce (85% reduction). The subsequent introduction of a second variety of GM cotton led to increases in GM cotton production until 95% of the Australian cotton crop was GM in 2009 making Australia the country with the fifth largest GM cotton crop in the world. Other GM cotton growing countries in 2011 were Argentina, Myanmar, Burkina Faso, Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, South Africa and Costa Rica. Question: How much area was planted in India in GM cotton in 2011? Answer: 10.6 million hectares Question: What was the percentage of GM cotton planted in India in 2011? Answer: 88% Question: Waht country has the largest area of GM cotton on Earth? Answer: India Question: At what rank does US GM cotton stand in the world? Answer: second largest Question: What percentage of Australia's cotton crop was GM in 2009? Answer: 95% Question: How much area was planted in India in GM cotton in 2009? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the percentage of GM cotton planted in India in 2009? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What country has the largest area of non-transgenic cotton on Earth? Answer: Unanswerable Question: At what rank does US non-trangenic cotton stand in the world? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What percentage of Australia's cotton crop was non-transgenic in 2009? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: An example of a state initiative to promote nutrition literacy is Smart Bodies, a public-private partnership between the state’s largest university system and largest health insurer, Louisiana State Agricultural Center and Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Louisiana Foundation. Launched in 2005, this program promotes lifelong healthful eating patterns and physically active lifestyles for children and their families. It is an interactive educational program designed to help prevent childhood obesity through classroom activities that teach children healthful eating habits and physical exercise. Question: Smart Bodies is an example of an initiative that was started by what level of government? Answer: state Question: What is the goal of Smart Bodies? Answer: to promote nutrition literacy Question: The Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Louisiana Foundation joined together with which University to help develop Smart Bodies? Answer: Louisiana State Agricultural Center Question: When was the Smart Bodies initiative first released? Answer: 2005 Question: What does the initiative specifically target? Answer: childhood obesity
Context: In 2011, Bandai posted a countdown on a teaser site. Once the countdown was finished, it revealed a reboot of the Digimon World series titled Digimon World Re:Digitize. An enhanced version of the game released on Nintendo 3DS as Digimon World Re:Digitize Decode in 2013. Another role-playing game by the name Digimon Story: Cyber Sleuth is set for release in 2015 for PlayStation Vita. It is part of the Digimon Story sub-series, originally on Nintendo DS and has also been released with English subtitles in North America. Question: In what year did Bandai post information about a reboot on his website? Answer: 2011 Question: What year is the video game Digimon Story: Cyber Sleuth set to be released? Answer: 2015 Question: When was the Nintendo 3DS Digimon World Re:Digitize released? Answer: 2013 Question: What did bandai do in 2012? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What revealed a real release of the Digimon series? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Sony release enhanced version of Answer: Unanswerable Question: What release was canceled for 2015 Answer: Unanswerable Question: What's been released in North America with Japanese subtitles? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Grove Street Cemetery, a National Historic Landmark which lies adjacent to Yale's campus, contains the graves of Roger Sherman, Eli Whitney, Noah Webster, Josiah Willard Gibbs, Charles Goodyear and Walter Camp, among other notable burials. The cemetery is known for its grand Egyptian Revival gateway. The Union League Club of New Haven building, located on Chapel Street, is notable for not only being a historic Beaux-Arts building, but also is built on the site where Roger Sherman's home once stood; George Washington is known to have stayed at the Sherman residence while President in 1789 (one of three times Washington visited New Haven throughout his lifetime). Question: What cemetery in New Haven is situated next to the campus of Yale University and has been designated a National Historic Landmark? Answer: Grove Street Question: In what architectural style is the gateway of Grove Street Cemetery notably designed? Answer: Egyptian Revival Question: What Beaux Arts structure on New Haven's Chapel Street was built on the site believed to formerly feature the home of Roger Sherman? Answer: The Union League Club of New Haven building Question: What former U.S. president is believed to have stayed in New Haven at the home of Roger Sherman? Answer: George Washington Question: Which notable New Haven resident inventor, credited with the cotton gin, is buried in Grove Street Cemetery? Answer: Eli Whitney Question: What is the name of the historical site that site next to Yale's campus? Answer: Grove Street Cemetery Question: What is Grove Street Cemetery famously known for? Answer: Egyptian Revival gateway Question: Roger Sherman once lived in Chapel Street, in modern day what is the name building that sit in its' place? Answer: Union League Club Question: George Washington once paid visit to Sherman's house, what year was this? Answer: 1789
Context: Prior to the rally, seven anti-China protestors were arrested in Hanoi after unfurling a banner and shouting "Boycott the Beijing Olympics" through a loudhailer at a market. A Vietnamese American was deported for planning protests against the torch, while a prominent blogger, Điếu Cày (real name Nguyễn Văn Hải), who blogged about protests around the world and who called for demonstrations in Vietnam, was arrested on charges of tax evasion. Outside Vietnam, there were protests by overseas Vietnamese in Paris, San Francisco and Canberra. Lê Minh Phiếu, a torchbearer who is a Vietnamese law student studying in France, wrote a letter to the president of the International Olympic Committee protesting China's "politicisation of the Olympics", citing maps of the torch relay at the official Beijing Olympic website depicting the disputed islands as Chinese territory and posted it on his blog. One day before the relay was to start, the official website appeared to have been updated to remove the disputed islands and dotted lines marking China's maritime claims in the South China Sea. Question: How many people protesting China were arrested in Hanoi prior to the rally? Answer: seven Question: Which blogger calling for demonstrations was arrested for tax evasion? Answer: Điếu Cày Question: Which torchbearer sent a letter of protest to the president of the International Olympic Committee? Answer: Lê Minh Phiếu Question: How many protesters were arrested in Hanoi prior to the rally? Answer: seven Question: What is blogger Điếu Cày's real name? Answer: Nguyễn Văn Hải Question: Though he urged for demonstrations in Vietnam, Nguyễn Văn Hải was charged with what crime? Answer: tax evasion. Question: What is the name of the torchbearer who wrote a letter to the IOC president about discrepancies on a website? Answer: Lê Minh Phiếu Question: What was removed from the website that Lê Minh Phiếu had written about? Answer: disputed islands and dotted lines marking China's maritime claims
Context: Polytechnic schools are distinct from academic universities in Finland. Ammattikorkeakoulu is the common term in Finland, as is the Swedish alternative "yrkeshögskola" – their focus is on studies leading to a degree (for instance insinööri, engineer; in international use, Bachelor of Engineering) in kind different from but in level comparable to an academic bachelor's degree awarded by a university. Since 2006 the polytechnics have offered studies leading to master's degrees (Master of Engineering). After January 1, 2006, some Finnish ammattikorkeakoulus switched the English term "polytechnic" to the term "university of applied sciences" in the English translations of their legal names. The ammattikorkeakoulu has many similarities to the hogeschool in Belgium and in the Netherlands and to the Fachhochschule in the German language areas. Question: In what country are polytechnic schools designated uniquely from academic universities? Answer: Finland Question: What word means polytechnic school in Finnish? Answer: ammattikorkeakoulus Question: What's the Swedish word for a polytechnic school? Answer: yrkeshögskola
Context: However, relatively few organisations maintain computer systems with effective detection systems, and fewer still have organised response mechanisms in place. As result, as Reuters points out: "Companies for the first time report they are losing more through electronic theft of data than physical stealing of assets". The primary obstacle to effective eradication of cyber crime could be traced to excessive reliance on firewalls and other automated "detection" systems. Yet it is basic evidence gathering by using packet capture appliances that puts criminals behind bars. Question: How many organisations are estimated to maintain computer systems with effective detection systems? Answer: relatively few Question: What is the basic evidence gathered by that puts criminals behind bars? Answer: packet capture appliances Question: The primary obstacle to the eradication of cyber crime is the excessive reliance on what? Answer: firewalls and other automated "detection" systems Question: What is the source of the quote? Answer: Reuters Question: Electronic theft of data is causing more loss than what? Answer: physical stealing of assets Question: What do companies rely on too much in order to keep their information safe? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do even fewer companies have set in place for their defense? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do companies have to worry about least? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is needed to catch these data stealing criminals? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is a common form of theft in companies? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Most organizations have what kind of detection system? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the name of the company that has lost more through electronic theft? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do most companies no longer rely on? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Physical stealing of assets is a bigger problem than what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do criminals use to avoid being captured? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The earliest known use of the phrase Brytish Iles in the English language is dated 1577 in a work by John Dee. Today, this name is seen by some as carrying imperialist overtones although it is still commonly used. Other names used to describe the islands include the Anglo-Celtic Isles, Atlantic archipelago, British-Irish Isles, Britain and Ireland, UK and Ireland, and British Isles and Ireland. Owing to political and national associations with the word British, the Government of Ireland does not use the term British Isles and in documents drawn up jointly between the British and Irish governments, the archipelago is referred to simply as "these islands". Nonetheless, British Isles is still the most widely accepted term for the archipelago. Question: What is the earliest English usage of the term Brytish Illes? Answer: a work by John Dee Question: When was this Brytish Illes name used in the English language by John Dee? Answer: 1577 Question: What is another name that is used for the British Isles? Answer: Anglo-Celtic Isles Question: What is the common term that the Government of Ireland uses when documents are written jointly with the British? Answer: "these islands Question: What phrase can be dated back to the 15th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who used the phrase Brytish Iles in the 15th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What term is not used by the UK? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What two countries use the term British Isles when drawing up documents together? Answer: Unanswerable Question: John Doe cites the earliest known use of Brytish Iles as occurring in what year? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are some other names used to describe the phrases? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The most widely accepted term for Ireland is what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What name is seen by some as having Atlantic overtones? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What term does the British government not use? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: By the Victorian period in the 19th century historians were more inclined to draw on the judgements of the chroniclers and to focus on John's moral personality. Kate Norgate, for example, argued that John's downfall had been due not to his failure in war or strategy, but due to his "almost superhuman wickedness", whilst James Ramsay blamed John's family background and his cruel personality for his downfall. Historians in the "Whiggish" tradition, focusing on documents such as the Domesday Book and Magna Carta, trace a progressive and universalist course of political and economic development in England over the medieval period. These historians were often inclined to see John's reign, and his signing of Magna Carta in particular, as a positive step in the constitutional development of England, despite the flaws of the king himself. Winston Churchill, for example, argued that "[w]hen the long tally is added, it will be seen that the British nation and the English-speaking world owe far more to the vices of John than to the labours of virtuous sovereigns". Question: Who blamed John's family background for his cruel personality? Answer: James Ramsay Question: What documents trace a progressive and universalist course of political and economic development in England? Answer: Domesday Book and Magna Carta Question: What period in the 19th century were historians more inclined to draw on the judgements of the chroniclers? Answer: Victorian
Context: The Tristan Song Project was a collaboration between St Mary's School and amateur composers in England, led by music teacher Tony Triggs. It began in 2010 and involved St Mary's pupils writing poems and Tony Triggs providing musical settings by himself and his pupils. A desktop publication entitled Rockhopper Penguins and Other Songs (2010) embraced most of the songs completed that year and funded a consignment of guitars to the School. In February 2013 the Tristan Post Office issued a set of four Song Project stamps featuring island musical instruments and lyrics from Song Project songs about Tristan's volcano and wildlife. In 2014 the Project broadened its scope and continues as the International Song Project. Question: Who collaborated with St. Mary's School to create the amateur composers Project? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who collaborated with amateur composers to create the St. Mary's School Project? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who collaborated with Tristan Song to create the Amateur Composers Project? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which project was led by Rockhopper Penguins? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did the Tristan Song Project narrow its scope? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: A solar chimney (or thermal chimney, in this context) is a passive solar ventilation system composed of a vertical shaft connecting the interior and exterior of a building. As the chimney warms, the air inside is heated causing an updraft that pulls air through the building. Performance can be improved by using glazing and thermal mass materials in a way that mimics greenhouses. Question: What kind of system is a solar chimney? Answer: passive solar ventilation Question: What is a solar chimney? Answer: a passive solar ventilation system Question: What is a solar chimney made of? Answer: a vertical shaft connecting the interior and exterior of a building Question: How can the performance of a solar chimney be improved? Answer: by using glazing and thermal mass materials in a way that mimics greenhouses
Context: Many sensor systems rely on light as the signal source. LEDs are often ideal as a light source due to the requirements of the sensors. LEDs are used as motion sensors, for example in optical computer mice. The Nintendo Wii's sensor bar uses infrared LEDs. Pulse oximeters use them for measuring oxygen saturation. Some flatbed scanners use arrays of RGB LEDs rather than the typical cold-cathode fluorescent lamp as the light source. Having independent control of three illuminated colors allows the scanner to calibrate itself for more accurate color balance, and there is no need for warm-up. Further, its sensors only need be monochromatic, since at any one time the page being scanned is only lit by one color of light. Since LEDs can also be used as photodiodes, they can be used for both photo emission and detection. This could be used, for example, in a touchscreen that registers reflected light from a finger or stylus. Many materials and biological systems are sensitive to, or dependent on, light. Grow lights use LEDs to increase photosynthesis in plants, and bacteria and viruses can be removed from water and other substances using UV LEDs for sterilization. Question: What video game console uses infrared LEDs? Answer: Nintendo Wii Question: What device uses infrared LEDs to measure oxygen saturation? Answer: Pulse oximeters Question: Some flatbed scanners use what type of LED? Answer: RGB LEDs Question: By using LEDs, scanners do not have to what? Answer: warm-up Question: Grow lights use LEDs for what process? Answer: increase photosynthesis in plants Question: What video game console doesn't use infrared LEDs? Answer: Unanswerable Question: non- What device uses infrared LEDs to measure oxygen saturation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Some flatbed scanners use what type of what? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The official introduction of the metric system in September 1799 was unpopular in large sections of French society. Napoleon's rule greatly aided adoption of the new standard not only across France but also across the French sphere of influence. Napoleon ultimately took a retrograde step in 1812 when he passed legislation to introduce the mesures usuelles (traditional units of measurement) for retail trade—a system of measure that resembled the pre-revolutionary units but were based on the kilogram and the metre; for example the livre metrique (metric pound) was 500 g instead of 489.5 g—the value of the livre du roi (the king's pound). Other units of measure were rounded in a similar manner. This however laid the foundations for the definitive introduction of the metric system across Europe in the middle of the 19th century. Question: When was the metric system officially introduced? Answer: September 1799 Question: What system, introduced in September 1799, was unpopular among much of French society? Answer: the metric system Question: What year did Napoleon pass legislation that introduced traditional units of measurement for retail trade? Answer: 1812 Question: How many grams were in the livre metrique? Answer: 500 Question: How many grams were in the livre du roi? Answer: 489.5
Context: The first and last Roman known as a living divus was Julius Caesar, who seems to have aspired to divine monarchy; he was murdered soon after. Greek allies had their own traditional cults to rulers as divine benefactors, and offered similar cult to Caesar's successor, Augustus, who accepted with the cautious proviso that expatriate Roman citizens refrain from such worship; it might prove fatal. By the end of his reign, Augustus had appropriated Rome's political apparatus – and most of its religious cults – within his "reformed" and thoroughly integrated system of government. Towards the end of his life, he cautiously allowed cult to his numen. By then the Imperial cult apparatus was fully developed, first in the Eastern Provinces, then in the West. Provincial Cult centres offered the amenities and opportunities of a major Roman town within a local context; bathhouses, shrines and temples to Roman and local deities, amphitheatres and festivals. In the early Imperial period, the promotion of local elites to Imperial priesthood gave them Roman citizenship. Question: What Roman leader aspired to be a living god? Answer: Julius Caesar Question: What form of government did Cesar seem to be attempting? Answer: divine monarchy Question: To what ruler did foreign allies offer a divine cult? Answer: Augustus Question: For what was Augustus's reformed system of government notiable? Answer: integrated Question: By the end of Augustus's reign what was an established fact? Answer: Imperial cult
Context: The early synapsid mammalian ancestors were sphenacodont pelycosaurs, a group that produced the non-mammalian Dimetrodon. At the end of the Carboniferous period, this group diverged from the sauropsid line that led to today's reptiles and birds. The line following the stem group Sphenacodontia split-off several diverse groups of non-mammalian synapsids—sometimes referred to as mammal-like reptiles—before giving rise to the proto-mammals (Therapsida) in the early Mesozoic era. The modern mammalian orders arose in the Paleogene and Neogene periods of the Cenozoic era, after the extinction of the non-avian dinosaurs 66 million years ago. Question: From which time period did birds and reptiles began to appear from? Answer: Carboniferous period Question: When did non-avian dinosaurs become extinct? Answer: 66 million years ago Question: Which early mammalian ancestor produced non-mammalian Dimetroden? Answer: sphenacodont pelycosaurs Question: When did sphenacodont pelycosaurs become extinct? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What were the modern mammalian orders ancestors called? Answer: Unanswerable Question: At the end of the synapsid period what non-mammal was produced? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The Sphenacodontia arose in the Paleogene and Neogene periods of what era? Answer: Unanswerable Question: At the end of the Carboniferous period what did the Neogene diverge from that led to today's reptiles and birds? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In 1986, Nintendo released the Famicom Disk System (FDS) in Japan, a type of floppy drive that uses a single-sided, proprietary 5 cm (2") disk and plugs into the cartridge port. It contains RAM for the game to load into and an extra single-cycle wavetable-lookup sound chip. The disks were originally obtained from kiosks in malls and other public places where buyers could select a title and have it written to the disk. This process would cost less than cartridges and users could take the disk back to a vending booth and have it rewritten with a new game. The disks were used both for storing the game and saving progress and total capacity was 128k (64k per side). Question: What year did Nintendo release the Famicom Disk System? Answer: 1986 Question: Where could the disks for the game be obtained? Answer: kiosks in malls Question: How were the disks purchased? Answer: buyers could select a title and have it written to the disk Question: What were the storage disks used for? Answer: storing the game and saving progress Question: What was the total capacity of a disk? Answer: 128k Question: What year did Atari release the Famicom Disk System? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where could the disks for the game not be obtained? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How were the disks sold? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What weren't the storage disks used for? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was half of the total capacity of a disk? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: News of this arrived in Europe, where Britain and France unsuccessfully attempted to negotiate a solution. The two nations eventually dispatched regular troops to North America to enforce their claims. The first British action was the assault on Acadia on 16 June 1755 in the Battle of Fort Beauséjour, which was immediately followed by their expulsion of the Acadians. In July British Major General Edward Braddock led about 2,000 army troops and provincial militia on an expedition to retake Fort Duquesne, but the expedition ended in disastrous defeat. In further action, Admiral Edward Boscawen fired on the French ship Alcide on 8 June 1755, capturing it and two troop ships. In September 1755, French and British troops met in the inconclusive Battle of Lake George. Question: Which country dispatched regular troops to North America? Answer: Britain and France Question: What was the result of the British attack on Ft Duquesne? Answer: the expedition ended in disastrous defeat Question: Who led the British assault on Ft. Duquesne? Answer: British Major General Edward Braddock Question: What was the result of the naval encounter between Britain and France? Answer: Admiral Edward Boscawen fired on the French ship Alcide on 8 June 1755, capturing it and two troop ships Question: Who won the Battle of Lake George? Answer: inconclusive
Context: In the 1950s, the recruitment of women was open to roles in medicine, communication, logistics, and administration. The roles of women in the CAF began to expand in 1971, after the Department reviewed the recommendations of the Royal Commission on the Status of Women, at which time it lifted the ceiling of 1,500 women personnel, and gradually expanded employment opportunities into the non-traditional areas—vehicle drivers and mechanics, aircraft mechanics, air-traffic controllers, military police, and firefighters. The Department further reviewed personnel policies in 1978 and 1985, after Parliament passed the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. As a result of these reviews, the Department changed its policies to permit women to serve at sea in replenishment ships and in a diving tender, with the army service battalions, in military police platoons and field ambulance units, and in most air squadrons. Question: What roles were women recruited for in the 1950s? Answer: medicine, communication, logistics, and administration Question: What year did further recruitment for women open in the CAF? Answer: 1971 Question: What non traditional tasks were women recruited for in the 1970s? Answer: vehicle drivers and mechanics, aircraft mechanics, air-traffic controllers Question: Why were women eventually allowed to serve at sea in the CAF? Answer: the Department changed its policies Question: What charter directly affected a women's right to serve in the CAF? Answer: Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms Question: What roles were women recruited for in the 1980s? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What year did further recruitment for men open in the CAF? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What non traditional tasks were women recruited for in the 1990s? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why were men eventually allowed to serve at sea in the CAF? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What charter directly affected a man's right to serve in the CAF? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The government of the Marshall Islands operates under a mixed parliamentary-presidential system as set forth in its Constitution. Elections are held every four years in universal suffrage (for all citizens above 18), with each of the twenty-four constituencies (see below) electing one or more representatives (senators) to the lower house of RMI's unicameral legislature, the Nitijela. (Majuro, the capital atoll, elects five senators.) The President, who is head of state as well as head of government, is elected by the 33 senators of the Nitijela. Four of the five Marshallese presidents who have been elected since the Constitution was adopted in 1979 have been traditional paramount chiefs. Question: What is the governing system of the Marshall Islands? Answer: parliamentary-presidential system Question: How old must a citizen of the Marshall Islands be to vote? Answer: 18 Question: How often are elections held in the Marshall Islands? Answer: every four years Question: What is the name of the Marshall Islands legislature? Answer: Nitijela Question: When was the most recent constitution of the Marshall Islands adopted? Answer: 1979
Context: The single most revealing property of wood as an indicator of wood quality is specific gravity (Timell 1986), as both pulp yield and lumber strength are determined by it. Specific gravity is the ratio of the mass of a substance to the mass of an equal volume of water; density is the ratio of a mass of a quantity of a substance to the volume of that quantity and is expressed in mass per unit substance, e.g., grams per millilitre (g/cm3 or g/ml). The terms are essentially equivalent as long as the metric system is used. Upon drying, wood shrinks and its density increases. Minimum values are associated with green (water-saturated) wood and are referred to as basic specific gravity (Timell 1986). Question: Which property of wood reveals the most about its quality? Answer: specific gravity Question: In addition to lumber strength, what important indicator of wood's quality can be determined using specific gravity? Answer: pulp yield Question: What measurement is expressed in mass per unit substance? Answer: density Question: When wood dries and shrinks, what happens to its density? Answer: increases Question: When wood is described as "green," what does "green" mean? Answer: water-saturated
Context: From 1997 to 2004, Dell enjoyed steady growth and it gained market share from competitors even during industry slumps. During the same period, rival PC vendors such as Compaq, Gateway, IBM, Packard Bell, and AST Research struggled and eventually left the market or were bought out. Dell surpassed Compaq to become the largest PC manufacturer in 1999. Operating costs made up only 10 percent of Dell's $35 billion in revenue in 2002, compared with 21 percent of revenue at Hewlett-Packard, 25 percent at Gateway, and 46 percent at Cisco. In 2002, when Compaq merged with Hewlett Packard (the fourth-place PC maker), the newly combined Hewlett Packard took the top spot but struggled and Dell soon regained its lead. Dell grew the fastest in the early 2000s. Question: What did Dell enjoy from 1997 to 2004? Answer: steady growth Question: What company did Dell overtake as the largest PC manufacturer? Answer: Compaq Question: How much were Dell profiting in 2002? Answer: $35 billion Question: What company did Compaq merge with in 2002? Answer: Hewlett Packard Question: What company was the fastest growing in the early 2000s? Answer: Dell Question: What did Dell enjoy from 1996 to 2004? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What company did Dell overtake as the smallest PC manufacturer? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How much were Dell losing in 2002? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What company did Compaq merge with in 2012? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What company was the slowest growing in the early 2000s? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: A resin used for making non-wrinkle shirts releases formaldehyde, which could cause contact dermatitis for some people; no disclosure requirements exist, and in 2008 the U.S. Government Accountability Office tested formaldehyde in clothing and found that generally the highest levels were in non-wrinkle shirts and pants. In 1999, a study of the effect of washing on the formaldehyde levels found that after 6 months after washing, 7 of 27 shirts had levels in excess of 75 ppm, which is a safe limit for direct skin exposure. Question: What releases formaldehyde? Answer: A resin Question: What can cause contact dermatitis for some people? Answer: formaldehyde Question: What government office found high levels of formaldehyde in non-wrinkle clothing in 2008? Answer: Accountability Question: How many months of washing did a 1999 study look at? Answer: 6 Question: How many ppm is a safe limit for direct skin exposure to formaldehyde? Answer: 75 Question: Non-wrinkle shirts do not contain what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does not cause contact dermatitis? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Disclosure agreements exist for what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: It was found that the lowest levels of formaldehyde were found in what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Seventy-five ppm of formaldehyde is not a safe limit for what? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In April 2007, the first satellite of BeiDou-2, namely Compass-M1 (to validate frequencies for the BeiDou-2 constellation) was successfully put into its working orbit. The second BeiDou-2 constellation satellite Compass-G2 was launched on 15 April 2009. On 15 January 2010, the official website of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System went online, and the system's third satellite (Compass-G1) was carried into its orbit by a Long March 3C rocket on 17 January 2010. On 2 June 2010, the fourth satellite was launched successfully into orbit. The fifth orbiter was launched into space from Xichang Satellite Launch Center by an LM-3I carrier rocket on 1 August 2010. Three months later, on 1 November 2010, the sixth satellite was sent into orbit by LM-3C. Another satellite, the Beidou-2/Compass IGSO-5 (fifth inclined geosynchonous orbit) satellite, was launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center by a Long March-3A on 1 December 2011 (UTC). Question: When was the first satellite for the BeiDou-2 system launched? Answer: April 2007 Question: What is the the first satellite for the BeiDou-2 system called? Answer: Compass-M1 Question: When was the second satellite for the BeiDou-2 system launched? Answer: 15 April 2009 Question: When was the third satellite for the BeiDou-2 system launched? Answer: 17 January 2010 Question: BeiDou-X was put into orbit during which month of 2007? Answer: Unanswerable Question: BeiDou-z was put into orbit during which month of 2007? Answer: Unanswerable Question: BeiDou-Y33 was put into orbit during which month of 2007? Answer: Unanswerable Question: BeiJang-X was put into orbit during which month of 2007? Answer: Unanswerable Question: SweiDou-X was put into orbit during which month of 2007? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Three other efforts to improve regulation of international pesticide trade are the United Nations London Guidelines for the Exchange of Information on Chemicals in International Trade and the United Nations Codex Alimentarius Commission.[citation needed] The former seeks to implement procedures for ensuring that prior informed consent exists between countries buying and selling pesticides, while the latter seeks to create uniform standards for maximum levels of pesticide residues among participating countries. Both initiatives operate on a voluntary basis. Question: What country has attempted to better the controls of pesticide exchanges? Answer: London Question: What is one agency who is trying to help make the trade of pesticides safer? Answer: United Nations Codex Alimentarius Commission Question: What is one important thing that should be present when countries are trading with pesticides? Answer: prior informed consent Question: Are these agencies a requirement in the countries where they exist? Answer: initiatives operate on a voluntary basis Question: What does London want to do about volunteering? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What may be implemented to make sure volunteers are aware of informed consent laws? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does London want to create for people who want to be volunteers to follow? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How are these agencies involved with the regulation of volunteers? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where does the UN Code Alimentarius want to do business regulating volunteers? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Spectre was released on 26 October 2015 in the United Kingdom on the same night as the world premiere at the Royal Albert Hall in London, followed by a worldwide release. It was released in the United States on 6 November 2015. It became the second James Bond film to be screened in IMAX venues after Skyfall, although it was not filmed with IMAX cameras. Spectre received mixed reviews upon its release; although criticised for its length, lack of screen time for new characters, and writing, it received praise for its action sequences and cinematography. The theme song, "Writing's on the Wall", received mixed reviews, particularly compared to the previous theme; nevertheless, it won the Golden Globe for Best Original Song and was nominated for the Academy Award in the same category. As of 20 February 2016[update], Spectre has grossed over $879 million worldwide. Question: On what date was Spectre first shown in the UK? Answer: 26 October 2015 Question: Where was the first screening of Spectre? Answer: Royal Albert Hall in London Question: What was the US release date for Spectre? Answer: 6 November 2015 Question: What were two subjects of accolades for Spectre? Answer: action sequences and cinematography Question: For what category did Spectre receive a Golden Globe award? Answer: Best Original Song Question: What was the first James Bond film to be screened at IMAX theaters? Answer: Skyfall Question: What was the theme song for the James Bond film Spectre? Answer: Writing's on the Wall Question: What James Bond movie was released on 16 October 2015? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What James Bond movie was released on 26 October 2015 in the US? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which 2015 James Bond film received overwhelmingly positive reviews? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Spectre won an Academy Award in which category? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What James Bond movie was released on 6 November 2015 in the UK? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy (WINEP) is a non-profit organization for research and advice on Middle Eastern policy. It regards its target countries as the Middle East but adopts the convention of calling them the Near East to be in conformance with the practices of the State Department. Its views are independent. The WINEP bundles the countries of Northwest Africa together under "North Africa." Details can be found in Policy Focus #65. Question: What is WINEP? Answer: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy Question: What is WINEPS target countries as? Answer: the Middle East Question: How does WINEP bundle the countries of Northwest Africa? Answer: under "North Africa."
Context: During the period of the Napoleonic Wars, the East India Company arranged for letters of marque for its vessels such as the Lord Nelson. This was not so that they could carry cannon to fend off warships, privateers and pirates on their voyages to India and China (that they could do without permission) but so that, should they have the opportunity to take a prize, they could do so without being guilty of piracy. Similarly, the Earl of Mornington, an East India Company packet ship of only six guns, also sailed under a letter of marque. Question: During what war Did the EIC get letter of marque for its vessels Answer: Napoleonic Wars Question: Why did EIC want tthe letters of marque most? Answer: should they have the opportunity to take a prize, they could do so without being guilty of piracy Question: With out the letters of marque what wepon did they have to protect themself that was a part of their ship? Answer: cannon Question: The Earl of Mornington would have how many ___ guns on the EIc ships? Answer: six Question: What celebration did the EIC get a letter of marque for its vessels? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why did the EIC not want the letters of marque? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What weapon did they have for protection that was a part of their body? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many guns were taken from the Earl of Mornington? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was not allowed to sail under a letter of marque? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Based on discoveries made through neural mapping of the limbic system, the neurobiological explanation of human emotion is that emotion is a pleasant or unpleasant mental state organized in the limbic system of the mammalian brain. If distinguished from reactive responses of reptiles, emotions would then be mammalian elaborations of general vertebrate arousal patterns, in which neurochemicals (for example, dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin) step-up or step-down the brain's activity level, as visible in body movements, gestures and postures. Emotions can likely be mediated by pheromones (see fear). Question: What system was examined to develop the neurobiological explanation of human emotion? Answer: limbic Question: What classification of chemicals do dopamine, serotonin and noradrenaline belong to? Answer: neurochemicals Question: What chemicals may mediate emotions? Answer: pheromones Question: Reactive responses are present in the brains of what animals? Answer: reptiles Question: The neurobiological explanation is specific to what types of brains? Answer: mammalian Question: What system wasn't examined to develop the neurobiological explanation of human emotion? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What classification of chemicals do dopamine, serotonin and noradrenaline not belong to? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What chemicals do not mediate emotions? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Reactive responses aren't present in the brains of what animals? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The neurobiological explanation isn't specific to what types of brains? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In 1951, the Conservative Party returned to power in Britain, under the leadership of Winston Churchill. Churchill and the Conservatives believed that Britain's position as a world power relied on the continued existence of the empire, with the base at the Suez Canal allowing Britain to maintain its pre-eminent position in the Middle East in spite of the loss of India. However, Churchill could not ignore Gamal Abdul Nasser's new revolutionary government of Egypt that had taken power in 1952, and the following year it was agreed that British troops would withdraw from the Suez Canal zone and that Sudan would be granted self-determination by 1955, with independence to follow. Sudan was granted independence on 1 January 1956. Question: What party regained power in Britain in 1951? Answer: Conservative Party Question: Which party was Winston Churchill in? Answer: Conservative Party Question: Who ruled Egypt in 1952? Answer: Gamal Abdul Nasser Question: When did Sudan receive independence? Answer: 1 January 1956 Question: Britain wanted to retain control of the Suez Canal to help its importance in what region? Answer: Middle East
Context: Like many American cities, Philadelphia saw a gradual yet pronounced rise in crime in the years following World War II. There were 525 murders in 1990, a rate of 31.5 per 100,000. There were an average of about 600 murders a year for most of the 1990s. The murder count dropped in 2002 to 288, then rose four years later to 406 in 2006 and 392 in 2007. A few years later, Philadelphia began to see a rapid drop in homicides and violent crime. In 2013, there were 246 murders, which is a decrease of over 25% from the previous year, and a decrease of over 44% since 2007. And in 2014, there were 248 homicides, up by one since 2013. Question: Did the crime rate go up or down after the War years? Answer: pronounced rise in crime in the years following World War II Question: How many murders occurred in 1990? Answer: 525 Question: What was the average murder rate during the 90's? Answer: 600 Question: How many murders occurred in 2013? Answer: 246
Context: Armenia was annexed by Bolshevist Russia and along with Georgia and Azerbaijan, it was incorporated into the Soviet Union as part of the Transcaucasian SFSR (TSFSR) on 4 March 1922. With this annexation, the Treaty of Alexandropol was superseded by the Turkish-Soviet Treaty of Kars. In the agreement, Turkey allowed the Soviet Union to assume control over Adjara with the port city of Batumi in return for sovereignty over the cities of Kars, Ardahan, and Iğdır, all of which were part of Russian Armenia. Question: When was the Transcaucasian SFSR formed? Answer: 4 March 1922 Question: The Soviet Union gained control over which city following the Treaty of Kars? Answer: Batumi Question: What did Turkey gain from the Treaty of Kars? Answer: sovereignty over the cities of Kars, Ardahan, and Iğdır Question: Who annexed Armenia? Answer: Bolshevist Russia
Context: The Association for Asian Studies states that there is no known written evidence to suggest that later leaders of the Gelug—Gendün Drup (1391–1474) and Gendün Gyatso (1475–1571)—had any contacts with Ming China. These two religious leaders were preoccupied with an overriding concern for dealing with the powerful secular Rinpungpa princes, who were patrons and protectors of the Karma Kargyu lamas. The Rinpungpa leaders were relatives of the Phagmodrupa, yet their authority shifted over time from simple governors to rulers in their own right over large areas of Ü-Tsang. The prince of Rinbung occupied Lhasa in 1498 and excluded the Gelug from attending New Years ceremonies and prayers, the most important event in the Gelug. While the task of New Years prayers in Lhasa was granted to the Karmapa and others, Gendün Gyatso traveled in exile looking for allies. However, it was not until 1518 that the secular Phagmodru ruler captured Lhasa from the Rinbung, and thereafter the Gelug was given rights to conduct the New Years prayer. When the Drikung Kagyu abbot of Drigung Monastery threatened Lhasa in 1537, Gendün Gyatso was forced to abandon the Drepung Monastery, although he eventually returned. Question: Who were the Rinpungpa leaders related to? Answer: the Phagmodrupa Question: When did the the prince of Rinbung occupy Lhasa? Answer: 1498 Question: What was the most important event to the Gelug? Answer: New Years ceremonies and prayers Question: When was Gelug was given the right to conduct the New Years prayer? Answer: 1518
Context: Although the structural model provided by the University of Paris, where student members are controlled by faculty "masters," provided a standard for universities, the application of this model took at least three different forms. There were universities that had a system of faculties whose teaching addressed a very specific curriculum; this model tended to train specialists. There was a collegiate or tutorial model based on the system at University of Oxford where teaching and organization was decentralized and knowledge was more of a generalist nature. There were also universities that combined these models, using the collegiate model but having a centralized organization. Question: What were the faculty who supervised students in the University of Paris called? Answer: masters Question: The structure of the University of Paris served as what for other universities? Answer: a standard Question: How many styles did the University of Paris model end up taking when applied to other universities? Answer: at least three Question: Which university had teaching which was more general, and not centralized? Answer: University of Oxford Question: What type of student did schools that focus on very specific topics aim to create? Answer: specialists Question: What student run university provided the standard for other universities? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many different forms did the student run model take? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What centralized model was used by Oxford? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of organiization was always used with the collegiate model? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What were the faculty who supervised students in Oxford called? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many styles did the University of Oxford model end up taking when applied to other universities? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which university had teaching which was more centralized and not general? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of student did schools that focus on very controlled topics aim to create? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did the University of Paris address? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Following the war, some of these military airfields added civil facilities for handling passenger traffic. One of the earliest such fields was Paris – Le Bourget Airport at Le Bourget, near Paris. The first airport to operate scheduled international commercial services was Hounslow Heath Aerodrome in August 1919, but it was closed and supplanted by Croydon Airport in March 1920. In 1922, the first permanent airport and commercial terminal solely for commercial aviation was opened at Flughafen Devau near what was then Königsberg, East Prussia. The airports of this era used a paved "apron", which permitted night flying as well as landing heavier aircraft. Question: Following the war, why did some military airfields add civil facilities? Answer: for handling passenger traffic Question: Which airport near Paris was one of the first to add civil facilities for handling passenger traffic? Answer: Le Bourget Airport Question: What was the first airport to operate scheduled international commercial services? Answer: Hounslow Heath Aerodrome Question: When did the Hounslow Heath Aerodrome begin to operate scheduled international commercial services? Answer: August 1919 Question: What did airports use to permit night flying as well as landing heavier aircraft? Answer: a paved "apron" Question: When was the Paris - Le Bourget Airport first opened? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the Paris - Le Bourget Airport replaced by? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did Houndlow Heath Aerodrome replace Croydon Airport? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was Croydon Airport opened in Flughafen Devau? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was used at military airfields in 1919? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The nation's cadet team from Japan '93 produced some international players notably Nwankwo Kanu, a two-time African Footballer of the year who won the European Champions League with Ajax Amsterdam and later played with Inter Milan, Arsenal, West Bromwich Albion and Portsmouth. Other players that graduated from the junior teams are Nduka Ugbade, Jonathan Akpoborie, Victor Ikpeba, Celestine Babayaro, Wilson Oruma and Taye Taiwo. Some other famous Nigerian footballers include John Obi Mikel, Obafemi Martins, Vincent Enyeama, Yakubu Aiyegbeni, Rashidi Yekini, Peter Odemwingie and Jay-Jay Okocha. Question: Nwankwo Kanu won what honor twice? Answer: African Footballer of the year Question: Nwankwo Kanu won in what championship league? Answer: European Champions League Question: What team did Nwankwo Kanu go on to play on? Answer: Inter Milan, Arsenal
Context: Various music journalists, critical theorists, and authors have deemed Madonna the most influential female recording artist of all time. Author Carol Clerk wrote that "during her career, Madonna has transcended the term 'pop star' to become a global cultural icon." Rolling Stone of Spain wrote that "She became the first viral Master of Pop in history, years before the Internet was massively used. Madonna was everywhere; in the almighty music television channels, 'radio formulas', magazine covers and even in bookshops. A pop dialectic, never seen since The Beatles's reign, which allowed her to keep on the edge of tendency and commerciality." Laura Barcella in her book Madonna and Me: Women Writers on the Queen of Pop (2012) wrote that "really, Madonna changed everything the musical landscape, the '80s look du jour, and most significantly, what a mainstream female pop star could (and couldn't) say, do, or accomplish in the public eye." William Langley from The Daily Telegraph felt that "Madonna has changed the world's social history, has done more things as more different people than anyone else is ever likely to." Alan McGee from The Guardian felt that Madonna is a post-modern art, the likes of which we will never see again. He further asserted that Madonna and Michael Jackson invented the terms Queen and King of Pop. Question: Who is the most influential recording artist of all time? Answer: Madonna Question: Who wrote the book, Madonna and Me? Answer: Laura Barcella Question: Who said that Madonna changed the world social history? Answer: William Langley from The Daily Telegraph Question: Who said that Madonna is like post-moderm art? Answer: Alan McGee from The Guardian
Context: Respect for the written text of the Quran is an important element of religious faith by many Muslims, and the Quran is treated with reverence. Based on tradition and a literal interpretation of Quran 56:79 ("none shall touch but those who are clean"), some Muslims believe that they must perform a ritual cleansing with water before touching a copy of the Quran, although this view is not universal. Worn-out copies of the Quran are wrapped in a cloth and stored indefinitely in a safe place, buried in a mosque or a Muslim cemetery, or burned and the ashes buried or scattered over water. Question: Which section of the Quran inspires some Muslims to ritually wash themselves before touching their copy? Answer: 56:79 Question: What is done with the ashes of burned copies of the Quran? Answer: buried or scattered over water Question: In what state are copies of the Quran sometime wrapped in cloth and buried? Answer: Worn-out Question: Which are the safest places to inter an older copy of the Quran? Answer: a mosque or a Muslim cemetery Question: Which section of the Quran inspires all Muslims to ritually wash themselves before touching their copy? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which section of the Quran inspires some Jews to ritually wash themselves before touching their copy? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What isn't done with the ashes of burned copies of the Quran? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what state are copies of the Quran never wrapped in cloth and buried? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which are the safest places to inter an newer copy of the Quran? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Known as the fraternal birth order (FBO) effect, this theory has been backed up by strong evidence of its prenatal origin, although no evidence thus far has linked it to an exact prenatal mechanism. However, research suggests that this may be of immunological origin, caused by a maternal immune reaction against a substance crucial to male fetal development during pregnancy, which becomes increasingly likely after every male gestation. As a result of this immune effect, alterations in later-born males' prenatal development have been thought to occur. This process, known as the maternal immunization hypothesis (MIH), would begin when cells from a male fetus enter the mother's circulation during pregnancy or while giving birth. These Y-linked proteins would not be recognized in the mother's immune system because she is female, causing her to develop antibodies which would travel through the placental barrier into the fetal compartment. From here, the anti-male bodies would then cross the blood/brain barrier (BBB) of the developing fetal brain, altering sex-dimorphic brain structures relative to sexual orientation, causing the exposed son to be more attracted to men over women. Question: What does the FBO effect stand for? Answer: fraternal birth order Question: What does this theory entail? Answer: prenatal origin, although no evidence thus far has linked it to an exact prenatal mechanism Question: What does research show about the FBO effect? Answer: this may be of immunological origin, caused by a maternal immune reaction against a substance crucial to male fetal development during pregnancy, Question: What does MIH stand for? Answer: maternal immunization hypothesis Question: What does BBB stand for? Answer: blood/brain barrier
Context: It is estimated that there are around 100 elephants left in Eritrea, the most northerly of East Africa's elephants. The endangered African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) was previously found in Eritrea, but is now deemed extirpated from the entire country. In Gash Barka, deadly snakes like saw-scaled viper are common. Puff adder and red spitting cobra are widespread and can be found even in the highlands.In the coastal areas marine species that are common include dolphin, dugong, whale shark, turtles, marlin/swordfish, and manta ray. Question: How many elephants are believed to be left in Eritrea? Answer: around 100 Question: What type of snakes are common in Gash Barka? Answer: deadly Question: Where in Eritrea can puff adder and red spitting cobra be found? Answer: widespread Question: Where in Eritrea are marine species such as dolphin, turtles and manta ray found? Answer: coastal areas Question: Which dog, previously found in Eritrea, is now considered extirpated from the entire country? Answer: African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) Question: Where are the most southerly of East Africa's elephants to be found? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many African wild dog are there left? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What nonpoisonous snake can be found in Eritrea? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What land species can be found in the coastal areas? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What rare marine species can be found in the coastal areas of Eritrea? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Swiss citizens are universally required to buy health insurance from private insurance companies, which in turn are required to accept every applicant. While the cost of the system is among the highest it compares well with other European countries in terms of health outcomes; patients who are citizens have been reported as being, in general, highly satisfied with it. In 2012, life expectancy at birth was 80.4 years for men and 84.7 years for women — the highest in the world. However, spending on health is particularly high at 11.4% of GDP (2010), on par with Germany and France (11.6%) and other European countries, and notably less than spending in the USA (17.6%). From 1990, a steady increase can be observed, reflecting the high costs of the services provided. With an ageing population and new healthcare technologies, health spending will likely continue to rise. Question: Who are Swiss citizens required to buy health insurance from? Answer: private insurance companies Question: Who are private insurance companies required to accept? Answer: every applicant Question: In 2012, what was Switzerland's world ranking for life expectancy in 2012? Answer: highest Question: What population will cause health spending to likely rise in the future? Answer: ageing Question: What do new high tech healthcare technologies translate to? Answer: high costs of the services provided
Context: The new interiors sought to recreate an authentically Roman and genuinely interior vocabulary. Techniques employed in the style included flatter, lighter motifs, sculpted in low frieze-like relief or painted in monotones en camaïeu ("like cameos"), isolated medallions or vases or busts or bucrania or other motifs, suspended on swags of laurel or ribbon, with slender arabesques against backgrounds, perhaps, of "Pompeiian red" or pale tints, or stone colours. The style in France was initially a Parisian style, the Goût grec ("Greek style"), not a court style; when Louis XVI acceded to the throne in 1774, Marie Antoinette, his fashion-loving Queen, brought the "Louis XVI" style to court. Question: What were interiors seeking to recreate? Answer: authentically Roman Question: What colors were utilized for interiors? Answer: "Pompeiian red" or pale tints, or stone colours Question: Who brought Louis XVI style to the court? Answer: Marie Antoinette Question: What types of techniques were used to style motifs? Answer: flatter, lighter motifs, sculpted in low frieze-like relief or painted in monotones Question: What were styles in France initially? Answer: Parisian Question: What did new exteriors try to re-create? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What techniques were excluded from the style? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was initially a Parisien style in Greece? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What we brought the Gout grec style to court? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Polabian Slavs (Wends) settled in parts of England (Danelaw), apparently as Danish allies. Polabian-Pomeranian Slavs are also known to have even settled on Norse age Iceland. Saqaliba refers to the Slavic mercenaries and slaves in the medieval Arab world in North Africa, Sicily and Al-Andalus. Saqaliba served as caliph's guards. In the 12th century, there was intensification of Slavic piracy in the Baltics. The Wendish Crusade was started against the Polabian Slavs in 1147, as a part of the Northern Crusades. Niklot, pagan chief of the Slavic Obodrites, began his open resistance when Lothar III, Holy Roman Emperor, invaded Slavic lands. In August 1160 Niklot was killed and German colonization (Ostsiedlung) of the Elbe-Oder region began. In Hanoverian Wendland, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Lusatia invaders started germanization. Early forms of germanization were described by German monks: Helmold in the manuscript Chronicon Slavorum and Adam of Bremen in Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum. The Polabian language survived until the beginning of the 19th century in what is now the German state of Lower Saxony. In Eastern Germany, around 20% of Germans have Slavic paternal ancestry. Similarly, in Germany, around 20% of the foreign surnames are of Slavic origin. Question: Who settled in parts of England? Answer: Polabian Slavs (Wends) Question: Where did Polabian Slavs (Wends) settle? Answer: parts of England (Danelaw) Question: Polabian-Pomeranian Slavs are also known to have even settled where? Answer: Norse age Iceland Question: What refers to the Slavic mercenaries and slaves in the medieval Arab world in North Africa, Sicily and Al-Andalus? Answer: Saqaliba Question: Saqaliba served as what? Answer: caliph's guards Question: What is another name for Iceland? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What name refers to the Polabian-Pomeranian Slavs? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who served as the guards of the Saqaliba? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did the Polabian Slavs settle in England? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did Niklot invade Slavic lands? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: David Archuleta's performance of John Lennon's "Imagine" was considered by many as one of the best of the season. Jennifer Lopez, who was brought in as a judge in season ten, called it a beautiful song-moment that she will never forget. Jason Castro's semi-final performance of "Hallelujah" also received considerable attention, and it propelled Jeff Buckley's version of the song to the top of the Billboard digital song chart. This was the first season in which contestants' recordings were released onto iTunes after their performances, and although sales information was not released so as not to prejudice the contest, leaked information indicated that contestants' songs frequently reached the top of iTunes sales charts. Question: Which contestant sang "Imagine" on season seven of American Idol? Answer: David Archuleta Question: In which season of American Idol did Jennifer Lopez become a judge? Answer: season ten Question: What song did Jason Castro receive praise for singing during the semi-finals on American Idol? Answer: Hallelujah Question: Whose recording of Hallelujah became successful again after being performed on American Idol? Answer: Jeff Buckley Question: On what digital platform were contestants performances released to after airing on American Idol? Answer: iTunes Question: Which David Archuletta cover was thought to be the best of the season by many? Answer: John Lennon's "Imagine" Question: Who said it Archuletta's rendition is one that she will never forget? Answer: Jennifer Lopez Question: Which finalist sang "Hallelujah" during the semi-finals? Answer: Jason Castro Question: Castro's performance sent which singer's version to the top of a Billboard chart? Answer: Jeff Buckley Question: For the first time, recordings of the contestant's songs could be purchased where? Answer: iTunes
Context: People with long-term pain frequently display psychological disturbance, with elevated scores on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory scales of hysteria, depression and hypochondriasis (the "neurotic triad"). Some investigators have argued that it is this neuroticism that causes acute pain to turn chronic, but clinical evidence points the other way, to chronic pain causing neuroticism. When long-term pain is relieved by therapeutic intervention, scores on the neurotic triad and anxiety fall, often to normal levels. Self-esteem, often low in chronic pain patients, also shows improvement once pain has resolved. Question: When people have long-term pain, what do they frequently display? Answer: psychological disturbance Question: What triad are the inventory scales of hysteria, depression and hypochondriasis classified as? Answer: neurotic Question: Clinical evidence indicates that neuroticism is caused by what? Answer: chronic pain Question: If long-term pain can be relieved by therapy, what does a person's neurotic triad score do? Answer: fall Question: What shows improvement in many patients once their pain has been resolved? Answer: Self-esteem Question: What do people with long-term psychological disturbance display? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are the scales of the Multiphasic Minnesota Personality Inventory? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the triad neurotic? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is acute pain said to cause? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: As with most of Europe, prehistoric Britain and Ireland were covered with forest and swamp. Clearing began around 6000 BC and accelerated in medieval times. Despite this, Britain retained its primeval forests longer than most of Europe due to a small population and later development of trade and industry, and wood shortages were not a problem until the 17th century. By the 18th century, most of Britain's forests were consumed for shipbuilding or manufacturing charcoal and the nation was forced to import lumber from Scandinavia, North America, and the Baltic. Most forest land in Ireland is maintained by state forestation programmes. Almost all land outside urban areas is farmland. However, relatively large areas of forest remain in east and north Scotland and in southeast England. Oak, elm, ash and beech are amongst the most common trees in England. In Scotland, pine and birch are most common. Natural forests in Ireland are mainly oak, ash, wych elm, birch and pine. Beech and lime, though not native to Ireland, are also common there. Farmland hosts a variety of semi-natural vegetation of grasses and flowering plants. Woods, hedgerows, mountain slopes and marshes host heather, wild grasses, gorse and bracken. Question: When did the clearing of swamp land and forests begin in the British Isles? Answer: around 6000 BC Question: When did the clearing of the swamp land and forest begain to rapidly increase? Answer: medieval times Question: Why was Britain able to keep its ancient forests longer than Europe? Answer: due to a small population Question: When did lumber shortages start to occur in Britain? Answer: 17th century Question: What are three of the most typical type of tress that can be found in Ireland? Answer: oak, ash, wych elm Question: Ice and snow covered prehistoric Britain and what other country? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Ice and snow covered prehistoric Ireland and what other country? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Due to a large population, which country's primeval forests lasted longer than most? Answer: Unanswerable Question: During which century did swamp shortages become a problem? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who maintains most barren land in Ireland? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The league's 2016 schedule, announced on the league's website on December 10, 2015, shows an eight-team league playing a 16-game regular season over 18 weeks, with two bye weeks for each team, one on a rotational basis and the other a "universal bye" for all teams during the Independence Day weekend, the first weekend in July. All teams will qualify for the postseason, meaning that the regular season will serve only to establish seeding. Question: On what date did the league announce its schedule for 2016? Answer: December 10, 2015 Question: How many teams are active in the AFL for 2016? Answer: eight Question: How many regular season games will each team play in 2016? Answer: 16 Question: How many weeks will the 2016 regular season last? Answer: 18 Question: On the weekend of what holiday will all teams have a bye? Answer: Independence Day
Context: While Old Czech had a basic alphabet from which a general set of orthographical correspondences was drawn, it did not have a standard orthography. It also contained a number of sound clusters which no longer exist; allowing ě (/jɛ/) after soft consonants, which has since shifted to e (/ɛ/), and allowing complex consonant clusters to be pronounced all at once rather than syllabically. A phonological phenomenon, Havlik's law (which began in Proto-Slavic and took various forms in other Slavic languages), appeared in Old Czech; counting backwards from the end of a clause, every odd-numbered yer was vocalized as a vowel, while the other yers disappeared. Question: What type of orthography did Old Czech lack? Answer: standard Question: Why aren't some sound clusters used in modern Czech? Answer: no longer exist Question: How did old Czech allow some complex consonant clusters to be pronounced? Answer: all at once Question: What type of phenomenon is Havlik's law? Answer: phonological Question: Which "yer"s were vocalized as vowels? Answer: every odd-numbered Question: What law began in Old Czech? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of alphabet was in Proto-Slavic? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Proto-Slavic have that no longer exists? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How did Proto-Slavic let complex consonant clusters to be pronounced? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of orthography was missing from Proto-Slavic? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: On April 6, 1990, the Lviv City Council voted to return St. George Cathedral to the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. The Russian Orthodox Church refused to yield. On April 29–30, 1990, the Ukrainian Helsinki Union disbanded to form the Ukrainian Republican Party. On May 15 the new parliament convened. The bloc of conservative communists held 239 seats; the Democratic Bloc, which had evolved into the National Council, had 125 deputies. On June 4, 1990, two candidates remained in the protracted race for parliament chair. The leader of the Communist Party of Ukraine (CPU), Volodymyr Ivashko, was elected with 60 percent of the vote as more than 100 opposition deputies boycotted the election. On June 5–6, 1990, Metropolitan Mstyslav of the U.S.-based Ukrainian Orthodox Church was elected patriarch of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (UAOC) during that Church's first synod. The UAOC declared its full independence from the Moscow Patriarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church, which in March had granted autonomy to the Ukrainian Orthodox church headed by Metropolitan Filaret. Question: Who was voted to get their cathedral back in 1990? Answer: Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church Question: What party was formed from the dissolved Ukrainian Helsinki Union? Answer: Ukrainian Republican Party Question: What was the first day that the new parliament met? Answer: May 15 Question: Who became the new patriarch of the UAOC in 1990? Answer: Metropolitan Mstyslav
Context: In May 2011, Jane's Addiction vocalist Perry Farrell noted that Queen are currently scouting their once former and current live bassist Chris Chaney to join the band. Farrell stated: "I have to keep Chris away from Queen, who want him and they're not gonna get him unless we're not doing anything. Then they can have him." In the same month, Paul Rodgers stated he may tour with Queen again in the near future. At the 2011 Broadcast Music, Incorporated (BMI) Awards held in London on 4 October, Queen received the BMI Icon Award in recognition for their airplay success in the US. At the 2011 MTV Europe Music Awards on 6 November, Queen received the Global Icon Award, which Katy Perry presented to Brian May. Queen closed the awards ceremony, with Adam Lambert on vocals, performing "The Show Must Go On", "We Will Rock You" and "We Are the Champions". The collaboration garnered a positive response from both fans and critics, resulting in speculation about future projects together. Question: Which artist presented the Global Icon Award to Queen in 2011? Answer: Katy Perry Question: Which artist performed with Queen at the 2011 MTV Europe Music Awards? Answer: Adam Lambert Question: Where were the BMI awards held in 2011? Answer: London Question: What band was worried Queen would steal their live performance bassist? Answer: Jane's Addiction
Context: As of 2014, the wind industry in the USA is able to produce more power at lower cost by using taller wind turbines with longer blades, capturing the faster winds at higher elevations. This has opened up new opportunities and in Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio, the price of power from wind turbines built 300 feet to 400 feet above the ground can now compete with conventional fossil fuels like coal. Prices have fallen to about 4 cents per kilowatt-hour in some cases and utilities have been increasing the amount of wind energy in their portfolio, saying it is their cheapest option. Question: How is the wind industry in the USA able to produce more power at lower cost? Answer: by using taller wind turbines with longer blades Question: How tall are new wind turbines that are being built in Indiana, Michigan and Ohio? Answer: 300 feet to 400 feet above the ground Question: Wind turbines in the USA can now compete with what type of fuel? Answer: conventional fossil fuels like coal Question: Prices have fallen as low as what price? Answer: 4 cents per kilowatt-hour Question: How is the wind industry in the UK able to produce more power at lower cost? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How tall are old wind turbines that are being built in Indiana, Michigan and Ohio? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Wind turbines in the UK can now compete with what type of fuel? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Prices have grown as high as what price? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Very few historical records exist of the period before the medieval Licchavis rulers. According to Gopalraj Vansawali, a genealogy of Nepali monarchs, the rulers of Kathmandu Valley before the Licchavis were Gopalas, Mahispalas, Aabhirs, Kirants, and Somavanshi. The Kirata dynasty was established by Yalamber. During the Kirata era, a settlement called Yambu existed in the northern half of old Kathmandu. In some of the Sino-Tibetan languages, Kathmandu is still called Yambu. Another smaller settlement called Yengal was present in the southern half of old Kathmandu, near Manjupattan. During the reign of the seventh Kirata ruler, Jitedasti, Buddhist monks entered Kathmandu valley and established a forest monastery at Sankhu. Question: Who was the founder of the Kirata dynasty? Answer: Yalamber Question: What geographical part of Kathmandu did Yambu once occupy? Answer: northern Question: Speakers of what languages sometimes call Kathmandu Yambu? Answer: Sino-Tibetan Question: Where in Kathmandu was Yengal located? Answer: southern half Question: What religion did the Sankhu monastery belong to? Answer: Buddhist
Context: In May 2008 Microsoft announced that 10 million Xbox 360s had been sold and that it was the "first current generation gaming console" to surpass the 10 million figure in the US. In the US, the Xbox 360 was the leader in current-generation home console sales until June 2008, when it was surpassed by the Wii. The Xbox 360 has sold a total of 870,000 units in Canada as of August 1, 2008. Between January 2011 and October 2013, the Xbox 360 was the best-selling console in the United States for these 32 consecutive months. Question: What sales figure was the 360 the first console of its generation to surpass? Answer: 10 million Question: When did the 360 surrender its lead in total sales? Answer: June 2008 Question: What console eventually passed the 360 in total sales? Answer: the Wii Question: During what 32-month later period was the 360 the best selling console? Answer: January 2011 and October 2013 Question: When did the Xbox achieve 10 million units sold? Answer: May 2008 Question: How many consoles did Wii sell in 2008? Answer: Unanswerable Question: For how many months was the Wii the best-selling console? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who announced the Wii in 2008? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many units did the Xbox 360 sell in Canada in 2013? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What gaming console passed the Wii in 2008? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Many of the coinages that have been considered (often by Aavik himself) as words concocted ex nihilo could well have been influenced by foreign lexical items, for example words from Russian, German, French, Finnish, English and Swedish. Aavik had a broad classical education and knew Ancient Greek, Latin and French. Consider roim ‘crime’ versus English crime or taunima ‘to condemn, disapprove’ versus Finnish tuomita ‘to condemn, to judge’ (these Aavikisms appear in Aavik’s 1921 dictionary). These words might be better regarded as a peculiar manifestation of morpho-phonemic adaptation of a foreign lexical item. Question: What languages did Aavik know? Answer: Ancient Greek, Latin and French Question: When was Aavik's dictionary published? Answer: 1921 Question: What is another term for words created by Aavik? Answer: Aavikisms Question: Instead of being created from nothing Aavik's ex nihilo terms are thought to actually possibly have been influenced by what? Answer: foreign lexical items Question: What languages did Aavik create? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was Aavik's dictionary destroyed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is another term for words Aavik destroyed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Aavik's ex nihilo terms were not influenced by what? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: After its return in 2010, the AFL had its national television deal with the NFL Network for a weekly Friday night game. All AFL games not on the NFL Network could be seen for free online, provided by Ustream. Question: After a hiatus, in what year did the AFL begin operations again? Answer: 2010 Question: What cable television network signed a broadcast deal with the AFL in 2010? Answer: NFL Network Question: On what day would AFL games be shown on NFL Network? Answer: Friday Question: What streaming service broadcast AFL games that were not on NFL Network? Answer: Ustream Question: What was the cost to watch AFL games on Ustream? Answer: free
Context: METRO Transit is the city's public transit company. The main transfer terminal is located downtown at NW 5th Street and Hudson Avenue. METRO Transit maintains limited coverage of the city's main street grid using a hub-and-spoke system from the main terminal, making many journeys impractical due to the rather small number of bus routes offered and that most trips require a transfer downtown. The city has recognized that transit as a major issue for the rapidly growing and urbanizing city and has initiated several studies in recent times to improve upon the existing bus system starting with a plan known as the Fixed Guideway Study. This study identified several potential commuter transit routes from the suburbs into downtown OKC as well as feeder-line bus and/or rail routes throughout the city. Question: What is Oklahoma Cities transit company? Answer: METRO Transit Question: What is the name of the plan that is being made to enhance the bus system? Answer: Fixed Guideway Study
Context: Alison Jing Xu, assistant professor of management at the University of Toronto Scarborough and Aparna Labroo of Northwestern University conducted a series of studies analyzing the correlation between lighting and human emotion. The researchers asked participants to rate a number of things such as: the spiciness of chicken-wing sauce, the aggressiveness of a fictional character, how attractive someone was, their feelings about specific words, and the taste of two juices–all under different lighting conditions. In their study, they found that both positive and negative human emotions are felt more intensely in bright light. Professor Xu stated, "we found that on sunny days depression-prone people actually become more depressed." They also found that dim light makes people make more rational decisions and settle negotiations easier. In the dark, emotions are slightly suppressed. However, emotions are intensified in the bright light. Question: What University was Alision Jing Xu the assistant professor of management at? Answer: University of Toronto Scarborough Question: What Univerity was Aparna Labroo associated with? Answer: Northwestern University
Context: The East India Company's arms, granted in 1698, were: "Argent a cross Gules; in the dexter chief quarter an escutcheon of the arms of France and England quarterly, the shield ornamentally and regally crowned Or." The crest was: "A lion rampant guardant Or holding between the forepaws a regal crown proper." The supporters were: "Two lions rampant guardant Or, each supporting a banner erect Argent, charged with a cross Gules." The motto was AUSPICIO REGIS ET SENATUS ANGLIÆ (Latin: By right of the King and the Senate of England). Question: The EIC Arms feature what king of the jungle animal on it? Answer: lion Question: in the arms of EIC what was the lion holding in his forepaws Answer: crown Question: how many lions were on the EIC arms Answer: Two Question: what year did the EIC arms include both france and england? Answer: 1698 Question: What jungle animal is in danger on the EIC Arms? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does the lion have on its head in the arms of EIC? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many dolphins were on the EIC arms? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What year did the EIC arms include both Norway and Denmark? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What arms were granted in 1798? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: A few special additions enhance the language-learning experience. For example, BYU's International Cinema, featuring films in several languages, is the largest and longest-running university-run foreign film program in the country. As already noted, BYU also offers an intensive foreign language living experience, the Foreign Language Student Residence. This is an on-campus apartment complex where students commit to speak only their chosen foreign language while in their apartments. Each apartment has at least one native speaker to ensure correct language usage. Question: What is the largest and longest-running university-run foreign film program in the U.S.? Answer: BYU's International Cinema Question: What is the name of BYU's foreign language living experience? Answer: Foreign Language Student Residence Question: As part of the Foreign Language Student Residence program, what do students commit to speak while in their apartments? Answer: only their chosen foreign language Question: How many native speakers are in each apartment building in the Foreign Language Student Residence program? Answer: at least one Question: Which BYU building features films in several languages? Answer: International Cinema Question: What does BUY have that is the longest in the country? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of residence is offered at BUY? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the name of BUY's film program facility? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: By the early 18th century, the Maratha Kingdom had transformed itself into the Maratha Empire under the rule of the Peshwas (prime ministers). In 1737, the Marathas defeated a Mughal army in their capital, Delhi itself in Battle of Delhi (1737). The Marathas continued their military campaigns against Mughals, Nizam, Nawab of Bengal and Durrani Empire to further extend their boundaries. Gordon explained how the Maratha systematically took control over new regions. They would start with annual raids, followed by collecting ransom from villages and towns while the declining Mughal Empire retained nominal control and finally taking over the region. He explained it with the example of Malwa region. Marathas built an efficient system of public administration known for its attention to detail. It succeeded in raising revenue in districts that recovered from years of raids, up to levels previously enjoyed by the Mughals. For example, the cornerstone of the Maratha rule in Malwa rested on the 60 or so local tax collectors who advanced the Maratha ruler Peshwa a portion of their district revenues at interest. By 1760, the domain of the Marathas stretched across practically the entire subcontinent. The north-western expansion of the Marathas was stopped after the Third Battle of Panipat (1761). However, the Maratha authority in the north was re-established within a decade under Peshwa Madhavrao I. The defeat of Marathas by British in third Anglo-Maratha Wars brought end to the empire by 1820. The last peshwa, Baji Rao II, was defeated by the British in the Third Anglo-Maratha War. With the defeat of the Marathas, no native power represented any significant threat for the British afterwards. Question: By when had the Maratha kingdom become an empire? Answer: early 18th century Question: Who ruled the Maratha Empire? Answer: Peshwas Question: What were Peshwas? Answer: prime ministers Question: By what year had the Maratha Empire covered most of the subcontinent? Answer: 1760 Question: In the end, what empire defeated the Maratha Empire? Answer: British
Context: Further references to Fleming's material can be found throughout the film; an MI6 safehouse is called "Hildebrand Rarities and Antiques", a reference to the short story "The Hildebrand Rarity" from the For Your Eyes Only short story collection.[citation needed] Bond's torture by Blofeld mirrors his torture by the title character of Kingsley Amis' continuation novel Colonel Sun.[citation needed] Question: What is the name of a location in Spectre which draws its inspiration from an Ian Fleming short story? Answer: Hildebrand Rarities and Antiques Question: Who wrote the book Colonel Sun? Answer: Kingsley Amis Question: What short story inspired the name Hildebrand Rarities and Antiques? Answer: The Hildebrand Rarity Question: "The Hildebrand Rarity" is from what short story collection? Answer: For Your Eyes Only Question: Which character tortures Bond? Answer: Blofeld Question: What is the name of the MI6 safehouse? Answer: Hildebrand Rarities and Antiques Question: An MI66 safehouse is called what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is a reference to the long story "The Hildebrand Rarity"? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Blofeld's torture by Bond reflects what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: References to whose material can not be found anywhere in the film? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Egypt recognises only three religions: Islam, Christianity, and Judaism. Other faiths and minority Muslim sects practised by Egyptians, such as the small Bahá'í and Ahmadi community, are not recognised by the state and face persecution since they are labelled as far right groups that threaten Egypt's national security. Individuals, particularly Baha'is and atheists, wishing to include their religion (or lack thereof) on their mandatory state issued identification cards are denied this ability (see Egyptian identification card controversy), and are put in the position of either not obtaining required identification or lying about their faith. A 2008 court ruling allowed members of unrecognised faiths to obtain identification and leave the religion field blank. Question: What 3 religions does Egypt recognise? Answer: Islam, Christianity, and Judaism Question: What recognition do Baha'i and Hmadi community get from Egyptian government? Answer: are not recognised by the state Question: Until what year did some minorities need to lie about religion or not get mandatory state issued ID? Answer: 2008
Context: Guinea-Bissau was once part of the kingdom of Gabu, part of the Mali Empire; parts of this kingdom persisted until the 18th century. Other parts of the territory in the current country were considered by the Portuguese as part of their empire. Portuguese Guinea was known as the Slave Coast, as it was a major area for the exportation of African slaves by Europeans to the western hemisphere. Previously slaves had been traded by Arabs north to the northern part of Africa and into the Middle East. Question: What area was known as the Slave Coast? Answer: Portuguese Guinea Question: Who exported African slaves to the western hemisphere? Answer: Europeans Question: What kingdom was Guinea-Bissau once a part of? Answer: Gabu Question: How long did the Mali Empire persist? Answer: until the 18th century Question: Who traded slaves into the Middle East? Answer: Arabs
Context: The Columbia Encyclopedia distinguishes between the Yuan dynasty and the other Mongol Empire khanates of Ilkhanate, Chagatai Khanate and the Golden Horde. It describes the Yuan dynasty as "A Mongol dynasty of China that ruled from 1271 to 1368, and a division of the great empire conquered by the Mongols. Founded by Kublai Khan, who adopted the Chinese dynastic name of Yüan in 1271." The Encyclopedia Americana describes the Yuan dynasty as "the line of Mongol rulers in China" and adds that the Mongols "proclaimed a Chinese-style Yüan dynasty at Khanbaliq (Beijing)." The Metropolitan Museum of Art writes that the Mongol rulers of the Yuan dynasty "adopted Chinese political and cultural models; ruling from their capitals in Dadu, they assumed the role of Chinese emperors," although Tibetologist Thomas Laird dismissed the Yuan dynasty as a non-Chinese polity and plays down its Chinese characteristics. The Metropolitan Museum of Art also noted that in spite of the gradual assimilation of Yuan monarchs, the Mongol rulers largely ignored the literati and imposed harsh policies discriminating against southern Chinese. In his Kublai Khan: His Life and Times, Rossabi explains that Kublai "created government institutions that either resembled or were the same as the traditional Chinese ones", and he "wished to signal to the Chinese that he intended to adopt the trappings and style of a Chinese ruler". Question: How did the The Columbia Encyclopedia describe the Yuan dynasty? Answer: A Mongol dynasty of China Question: How did the Encyclopedia Americana describe the Yuan Dynasty? Answer: the line of Mongol rulers in China Question: What did Thomas Laird dismiss the Yuan dynasty as? Answer: a non-Chinese polity Question: Who wrote the book Khubilai Khan? Answer: Rossabi Question: When did the yuan dynasty start and end? Answer: 1271 to 1368
Context: The term "push-pull" was established in 1987 as an approach for integrated pest management (IPM). This strategy uses a mixture of behavior-modifying stimuli to manipulate the distribution and abundance of insects. "Push" means the insects are repelled or deterred away from whatever resource that is being protected. "Pull" means that certain stimuli (semiochemical stimuli, pheromones, food additives, visual stimuli, genetically altered plants, etc.) are used to attract pests to trap crops where they will be killed. There are numerous different components involved in order to implement a Push-Pull Strategy in IPM. Question: What does IPM stand for? Answer: integrated pest management Question: How can the location and amount of insects be changed? Answer: behavior-modifying stimuli Question: What is one thing that can be used to pull pests? Answer: food additives Question: What is the name of the process by which pests are attracted and repelled using IPM. Answer: Push-Pull Question: When was the term semiochemcial stimuli established? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is one thing that makes people want to buy products they don't need? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is easier to grow than normal plants? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was created in 1987 to add to food so they will last longer on the shelf? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do marketers use in commercials to get people to buy their products? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The major opponent of Freemasonry was the Roman Catholic Church, so that in countries with a large Catholic element, such as France, Italy, Spain, and Mexico, much of the ferocity of the political battles involve the confrontation between what Davies calls the reactionary Church and enlightened Freemasonry. Even in France, Masons did not act as a group. American historians, while noting that Benjamin Franklin and George Washington were indeed active Masons, have downplayed the importance of Freemasonry in causing the American Revolution because the Masonic order was non-political and included both Patriots and their enemy the Loyalists. Question: Who was the major opponent to Freemasonry? Answer: Roman Catholic Church Question: Which countries had a large Catholic element and therefore had confrontation with Freemasons? Answer: France, Italy, Spain, and Mexico Question: Do American historians downplay or attribute the importance of Freemasonry in causing the American Revolution? Answer: downplay Question: Who was the political enemy of the Patriots? Answer: the Loyalists Question: Were the Masons political or non-political in the American Revolution? Answer: non-political
Context: Although several companies each produce over a billion individually packaged (known as discrete) transistors every year, the vast majority of transistors are now produced in integrated circuits (often shortened to IC, microchips or simply chips), along with diodes, resistors, capacitors and other electronic components, to produce complete electronic circuits. A logic gate consists of up to about twenty transistors whereas an advanced microprocessor, as of 2009, can use as many as 3 billion transistors (MOSFETs). "About 60 million transistors were built in 2002… for [each] man, woman, and child on Earth." Question: How many transistors make up a logic gate? Answer: up to about twenty transistors Question: How many transistors make up a microprocessor? Answer: as many as 3 billion transistors Question: How many transistors were made in 2002? Answer: 60 million transistors were built in 2002… for [each] man, woman, and child Question: How many individually packaged transistors are produced each year? Answer: over a billion Question: What are some abbreviations for integrated circuits? Answer: IC, microchips or simply chips Question: How many integrated circuits are produced every year? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many men, women, and children are on Earth? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many logic gates are in a microchip? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What produces electronic components? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where are transistors being produced? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Northern Russian dialects and those spoken along the Volga River typically pronounce unstressed /o/ clearly (the phenomenon called okanye/оканье). Besides the absence of vowel reduction, some dialects have high or diphthongal /e~i̯ɛ/ in the place of Proto-Slavic *ě and /o~u̯ɔ/ in stressed closed syllables (as in Ukrainian) instead of Standard Russian /e/ and /o/. An interesting morphological feature is a post-posed definite article -to, -ta, -te similarly to that existing in Bulgarian and Macedonian. Question: What is okanye? Answer: pronounce unstressed /o/ clearly Question: What articles are similar to Bulgarian? Answer: post-posed definite article -to, -ta, -te Question: What do some Russian dialects do about vowels? Answer: absence of vowel reduction Question: What region of dialects is the Volga River area in? Answer: Northern Russian Question: Along what river is Macedonian spoken? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How does Macedonian pronounce unstressed o? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do some Macedonian dialects do with vowels? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In okanye what does Macedonian have in place of -to, -ta, -te? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What dialects are spoken in Macedonia? Answer: Unanswerable

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